gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An original correlation and data fusion based approach to detect a reap limit into a gray level image (2002)

Real time vision systems in an outdoor environment involve an increase of the algorithm complexity in order to solve the application with an acceptable autonomy. In our application of help guidance for agricultural mobile machines, the vehicle has to follow the limit between a mowed and an unmowed natural zone. After the extraction of the image by a CCD camera, a low level algorithm computes some luminance and texture parameters for each elementary site. We define a correlation function for each parameter. The original feature of our work is a geometrical characterization of the correlation functions, as well as performs belief functions associated with each parameter. The uncertainty notion, expressed by the use of the theory of evidence allows the control of the reliability of the estimation. This approach is very important in outdoor environment where the system can be confronted in many situations.
Time delay spread and signal level measurements of 850 MHz radio waves in building environments (1986)

Time delay spread and signal level measurements of 850 MHz radio signals were made over inside-to-outside radio paths at two residential locations and an office building. Root mean square time delay spreads of up to 420 ns were encountered in residential environments. However, when a direct path was present, this improved to less than 325 ns overall, and even to 100 ns at one residence. Received power levels were around -40 dB, with respect to levels received at 0.3 m antenna separation, Under favorable conditions. In other cases, these relative levels varied from - 40 to - 80 dB. Median signal levels agreed well with continuous wave measurements made earlier at one site. No significant polarization dependence or floor level dependence were seen in these data.
Optimum crystallographic orientation of submicron CMOS devices (1985)

The dependence of submicron-channel CMOS performance on surface orientation is examined for LDD devices at both 300 K and 77 K. Special emphasis is placed on determining the optimum crystalline plane for a CMOS operating at cryogenic temperatures (CRYO-CMOS). In n-channel MOS transistors, the difference in saturation current among various crystalline orientations decreases as the channel length is reduced. In contrast, the saturation current of p-channel devices reaches a maximum value on the
A Strategy for Functional Proteomic Analysis of Glycosidase Activity from Cell Lysates (2004)

A multipurpose flag: The inactivator 1 covalently labels the catalytic nucleophiles of retaining β-glycosidases to form species 2. The small azide group allows labeling of enzymes with sterically congested active sites. Staudinger ligation of 2 with phosphine–FLAG yields adduct 3, which can be used to detect and profile retaining β-glycosidase activities in complex mixtures.
[Promoting penetration of locally applied substances by urea]. (1989)

These studies indicate that urea alters the physical and chemical properties of keratin so that permeation of monosubstances in urea-altered keratin is increased. The permeation kinetics of keratin can be influenced by splitting and/or altering the surface structure of keratin, which enhances the permeation of steroids, dithranol, and other substances. The regulation of permeation kinetics in the horny layer also applies to urea. The permeation of urea in and through the horny layer can lead to an alteration in the binding capacity within this layer (reservoir capacity). Thus, the penetration of substances such as oxiconazol through the horny layer can be decreased and their retention time increased. Nevertheless, urea is not always the stimulator of permeation processes.
Impotence following pelvic fracture urethral injury: incidence, aetiology and management (1995)

Disruption of the cavernosal nerves lateral to the prostatomembranous urethra behind the symphysis pubis is the most likely cause of impotence in this injury.
Cyclooxygenases: new forms, new inhibitors, and lessons from the clinic (2004)

The beneficial actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been linked to their ability to inhibit inducible COX-2 at sites of inflammation, and their side effects (e.g., gastric damage) to inhibition of constitutive COX-1. Selective inhibitors of COX-2, such as celecoxib, etoricoxib, lumiracoxib, rofecoxib, and valdecoxib have been developed and the greatest recent growth in our knowledge in this area has been come from the clinical use of these compounds. Although clinical data indicate that COX-2 selectivity is associated with a reduction in severe gastrointestinal events, they also reveal there are roles for constitutive COX-2 within tissues such as the brain, kidney, pancreas, intestine, and blood vessels. We now better understand the roles of COX-1 and COX-2 in functions as disparate as the perception of pain and the progression of cancers. Clinical use of COX-2-selective compounds has ignited strong debates regarding potential side effects, most notably those within the cardiovascular system such as myocardial infarctions, strokes, and elevation in blood pressure. This review will discuss how the latest studies help us understand the roles of COX-1 and COX-2 and what clinically proven benefits the newer generation of COX-2-selective inhibitors offer
Transcripts of the adeno-associated virus genome: mapping of the major RNAs (1980)

The four major adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2)-specific RNAs were mapped on the linear viral genome by a variety of biochemical techniques, including S1 nuclease and exonuclease VII mapping, RNA gel-transfer hybridization, and analysis of reverse transcriptase extension products. All the major AAV2 RNAs were derived from the minus DNA strand and had 3' termini at position 96. The nucleus-specific 4.3- and 3.6-kilobase (kb) RNAs had 5' termini at positions 6 and 19, respectively. The 5' terminus of the 2.6-kb RNA mapped to position 38.5. The predominant 2.3-kb AAV2 mRNA was spliced and contained a short leader sequence (approximately 50 nucleotides) which mapped to position 38.5, coincident with the 5' terminus of the 2.6-kb RNA. The 5' end of the body of the 2.3-kb RNA mapped to position 46.5. These results are discussed in terms of the involvement of single versus multiple promoters (for transcription) and RNA splicing mechanisms in the generation of the AAV2 RNAs.
Synthesen in der heterocyclischen Reihe, XVII1) Synthesen und Reaktionen von Pyrimidin‐5‐carbaldehyden (1973)

Abstract Es wird die Formylierung der 6‐Oxo‐4‐hydroxy‐dihydropyrimidine 1 mit Dimethylformamid‐chlorid zu N.N ‐Dimethyl‐ N ‐(6‐oxo‐4‐hydroxy‐3.6‐dihydro‐5‐pyrimidinyl)‐methyenimonium‐chloriden 2 beschrieben, sowie die Umsetzung von 2 mit Wasser zu den 6‐Oxo‐4‐hydroxy‐3.6‐dihydro‐pyrimidin‐5‐carbaldehyden 3 , mit Phosphoroxychlorid zu den 4.6‐Dichlor‐pyrimidin‐5‐carbaldehyden 4 , mit Phenylhydrazin zu den 6‐Oxo‐4‐hydroxy‐5‐phenylhydrazonomethylen‐dihydropyrimidinen 5 und mit Malonester zu den 5‐Hydroxy‐3‐äthoxycarbonyl‐pyrimido[4.5‐ b ]‐α‐pyronen 7 . Die katalytische Dehalogenierung von 4.6‐Dichlor‐pyrimidin‐5‐carbaldehyd ( 4a ) führt zum Pyrimidin‐5‐carbaldehyd ( 10 ), der unter milden Bedingungen den meisten Aldehyd‐Reaktionen zugänglich ist.
The role of IL‐33 and mast cells in allergy and inflammation (2015)

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family. It is preferentially and constitutively expressed in different structural cells such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. During necrosis of these cells (after tissue injury or cell damage), the IL-33 that is released may be recognized by different types of immune cells, such as eosinophils, basophils and, especially, mast cells. IL-33 needs the specific receptor ST2 (membrane-bound receptor) and Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein heterodimer for its binding, which instigates the production of different types of cytokines and chemokines that have crucial roles in the exacerbation of allergic diseases and inflammation. IL-33 and mast cells have been influentially associated to the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and inflammation. IL-33 is a crucial regulator of mast cell functions and might be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the roles of IL-33 and mast cells in the pathogenesis of allergies and inflammation.
Prognostic factors for the time of occurrence and dynamics of distant metastases and local recurrences after radical treatment in patients with rectal cancer. (2002)

The time to failure varied significantly regarding local and distant relapses, suggesting different dynamics and origin. It seems that aggressive systemic and local treatment may decrease the incidence of relapses and improve long-term results. There is an urgent need to define new prognostic factors for identifying patients threatened by early dissemination.
Hypertelorism With Turner Phenotype (1968)

AT THE meeting of the Mid-Western Society for Pediatric Research in 1962, I reported on nine patients with remarkably similar facies with a previously unrecognized syndrome of valvular pulmonary stenosis and multiple extra cardiac anomalies.<sup>1</sup>Review of the literature at that time showed that several males resembling these patients had been reported under several different headings, most commonly under the designation of, "the male Turner syndrome."<sup>2-5</sup>There were no definite reports of similarly affected female patients. In that report I spoke in terms of a "new syndrome" in order to stress that this condition could affect not only males but also females, and that it was also clinically and etiologically different from the true Turner<sup>6</sup>syndrome. Since that time, a further eight patients, five males and three females, with valvular pulmonary stenosis and similar associated lesions have been studied. An additional two patients, one of each sex,
CONTEXTO POLÍTICO Y PROTESTA: EL MOVIMIENTO POR LOS DERECHOS CIVILES EN ESTADOS UNIDOS (1933-68) (2008)

The political opportunities variable, within the political process model, is visibly insufficient when it comes to explaining the emergence, strategies and results of the civil rights movement in the United States. This is so because it embraces a number of dimensions that are seen as necessary and sufficient to understand the relationship between different types of collective action and their specific political contexts. In clear contradiction with the political process model, the current article shows that the existence of influential allies and of a federal system did not ease the expression of the black protest; yet high decentralization and a rigid system of checks and balances did not impair the enforcement of the civil rights legislation in the mid sixties either. Brutal repression strategies did not demobilize the challengers, nor did it undermine their adherence to non-violent techniques –brutality was, as a matter of fact, actively provoked by the civil rights activists as a way of forcing federal intervention in the South. Finally, the analysis sets out to explore the framing process from a political and instrumental, rather than from a contracultural or contentious perspective.
School Violence, Depressive Symptoms, and Help-seeking Behavior: A Gender-stratified Analysis of Biethnic Adolescents in South Korea (2016)

This study suggests that experience of school violence is associated with depressive symptoms and that the role of victims' help-seeking behaviors in the association may differ by gender among biethnic adolescents in Korea.
Antagonistic action of IFN-beta and IFN-gamma on high affinity Fc gamma receptor expression in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients. (1998)

Monocyte-macrophage activation by IFN-gamma is characterized by a pronounced increase of high affinity Fc receptors for IgG (Fc gamma RI), capable of triggering respiratory burst, phagocytosis, Ab-dependent cytotoxicity, and release of proinflammatory cytokines. In view of the antagonism of IFN-beta on IFN-gamma action, of interest in the chronic inflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis, we examined the possible effect of IFN-beta on IFN-gamma induction of Fc gamma RI gene expression. We found that IFN-beta significantly down-regulated IFN-gamma-induced Fc gamma RI surface expression in peripheral blood monocytes from healthy donors, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This down-regulation of Fc gamma RI surface levels did not correspond to a decrease in Fc gamma RI mRNA, suggesting a posttranscriptional effect of IFN-beta. Down-regulation of Fc gamma RI surface expression correlated with diminished cellular signaling through Fc gamma RI, since the IFN-gamma-induced increase in Fc gamma receptor-triggered respiratory burst was nearly completely abrogated by simultaneous addition of IFN-beta. Finally, the same antagonism between both IFNs on Fc gamma RI surface expression was observed in peripheral blood monocytes derived from multiple sclerosis patients; inhibition by IFN-beta was even increased (82+/-11%), as compared with healthy controls (67+/-4%). These results may partially help explain the beneficial effect of IFN-beta in multiple sclerosis.
A PDA-based dietary self-monitoring intervention to reduce sodium intake in an in-center hemodialysis patient. (2008)

Self-monitoring rates were excellent. In a HD patient who was willing to self-monitor his dietary intake, BalanceLog((R)) allowed the dietitian to target problematic foods and provide counseling that appeared to be effective in reducing sodium intake, reducing interdialytic weight gain, and alleviating hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia. Additional research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention.
Effects of β‐carotene on light stability of soybean oil (1987)

Abstract β‐Carotene was added to soybean salad oils to study its effect in inhibiting flavor deterioration due to light exposure. Flavor evaluations indicated that (a) when oils treated with citric acid were exposed to light (7535 lux) for 8 to 16 hr, oils containing 5 to 10 ppm β‐carotene showed improved flavor stability compared to oils containing 0 to 1 ppm β‐carotene; and (b) when oils were not treated with citric acid, only oils containing 20 ppm β‐carotene were more stable to light. Capillary gas chromatographic analysis showed that the addition of 1 to 20 ppm of β‐carotene significantly decreased formation of 2‐heptenal and 2,4‐decadienal in the absence or presence of citric acid. Determination of peroxide values showed the same trends as gas chromatographic analyses of volatiles. In the presence of 15 and 20 ppm β‐carotene, some off‐flavors, as well as poor ratings for color quality, were reported by panelists. Therefore, flavor deterioration initiated by light can be inhibited effectively in soybean oil, without affecting color quality, by addition of β‐carotene at concentrations from 5 to 10 ppm to oils treated with citric acid.
Molecular mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor‐induced cytotoxicity (1994)

Although TNF plays an important role in several physiological and pathological conditions, the hallmark of this important cytokine has been its selective cytotoxic activity on tumor cells. Since its cloning in 1984, understanding of how TNF selectively kills tumor cells has been the subject of research in many laboratories. Here we review TNF-induced post-receptor signaling mechanisms which seem to be involved in the pathway to cytotoxicity.
The 39-kDa receptor-associated protein interacts with two members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family, alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor and glycoprotein 330. (1992)

The 39-kDa receptor-associated protein (RAP) binds to the alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2MR/LRP) and inhibits binding of ligands to this receptor. The in vivo function of RAP may be to regulate ligand binding and/or assist in the correct biosynthetic processing or trafficking of the alpha 2MR/LRP. Here we show that RAP binds another putative receptor, the kidney glycoprotein 330 (gp330). Gp330 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein that is structurally similar to both the alpha 2MR/LRP and low density lipoprotein receptor. The ability of RAP to bind to gp330 was demonstrated by ligand blotting and solid phase binding assays, which showed that RAP binds to gp330 with high affinity (Kd = 8 nM). Exploiting the interaction of gp330 and RAP, we purified gp330 by affinity chromatography with a column of RAP coupled to Sepharose. Gp330 preparations obtained by this procedure were notably more homogeneous than those obtained by conventional methods. Immunocytochemical staining of human kidney sections localized RAP to the brush-border epithelium of proximal tubules. The fact that gp330 is also primarily expressed by proximal tubule epithelial cells strengthens the likelihood that the interaction between gp330 and RAP occurs in vivo. The functional significance of RAP binding to gp330 may be to antagonize ligand binding as has been demonstrated for the alpha 2MR/LRP or to assist in the biosynthetic processing and/or trafficking of this receptor.
Compact Three-Port Orthogonally Polarized MIMO Antennas (2007)

Two designs for three-port orthogonally polarized antennas using dipole antennas and half-slot antennas are proposed in this letter. Each of the antennas constitutes three mutually perpendicular radiating elements to achieve good isolation and low antenna signal correlation between ports. The antennas are fabricated on FR4 epoxy boards and experimental results are provided. Experimental results show that the antennas resonate at 2.55 GHz and have a mutual coupling of less than -18 dB between elements. In addition, experimental results for the diversity performance and the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel capacity are also provided for these antennas and these show that the proposed antennas offer good diversity gain and the channel capacity can be increased by as much as three times by using these antennas.
Effects of D-Fraction, a Polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa on Tumor Growth Involve Activation of NK Cells. (2002)

Natural killer (NK) cells are directly cytotoxic for tumor cells and play a primary role in regulating immune responses. We monitored levels of NK cell cytotoxic activity in cancer patients receiving D-Fraction extracted from maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa). Elevated levels of cytotoxic activity were maintained for one year. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying long-term activation of NK cells during treatment with D-Fraction, we examined tumor volume and levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in MM46-bearing C3H/HeN mice to which D-Fraction was administered for 19 d. D-Fraction markedly suppressed tumor growth, corresponding with increases in TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma released from spleen cells and a significant increase in TNF-alpha expressed in NK cells. This suggests that the D-Fraction activates NK cells even on the 20th day after treatment. Furthermore, D-Fraction increased macrophage-derived interleukin (IL)-12, which serves to activate NK cells. These results suggest that NK cells are not only responsible for the early effects of D-Fraction on tumor growth, but also for the long-term tumor-suppressive effects of D-Fraction through increased IL-12 released from macrophages.
Multiple Roles for IL-12 in a Model of Acute Septic Peritonitis (1999)

The present study addressed the role of IL-12 in a murine model of septic peritonitis, induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Although CLP surgery induced IL-12 production at 6 and 24 h after surgery, IL-12 immunoneutralization was clearly deleterious in this model: 54% of CLP mice receiving preimmune serum survived, whereas mice administered IL-12 antisera prior to CLP experienced a 25% survival rate. IL-12 immunoneutralization not only led to increased mortality, but also appeared to promote a shift away from IL-12 and IFN-gamma, in favor of IL-10. This cytokine shift corresponded to changes in bacterial load, as CLP mice receiving IL-12 antiserum yielded more CFUs from the peritoneal cavity at 24 h after CLP. To address the role of bacterial infection in IL-12 antiserum-induced mortality following CLP, antibiotics were administered for 4 days after surgery. Despite regular antibiotic administration, IL-12 immunoneutralization still reduced survival in CLP mice. Furthermore, histology of the ceca revealed that mice administered IL-12 antisera failed to show typical organization of the damaged cecum wall. Accordingly, Gram staining revealed bacteria within peritoneal fluids from these mice, while peritoneal fluids from CLP mice that received preimmune serum and antibiotics were free of bacteria. Altogether, these data suggested multiple important roles for IL-12 in the evolution of murine septic peritonitis.
Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid-infected Tissues Contain RNA Complementary to the Entire Viroid (1982)

SUMMARY Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNA, labelled in vitro with 125I, was hybridized in solution to RNA prepared from uninfected and PSTV-infected Rutgers tomato plants and suspension cultures. Following hybridization to RNA from infected plants, 125I-labelled PSTV was converted from its single-stranded form to double-stranded RNA; this conversion did not occur to a significant extent when the 125I-labelled PSTV was incubated with RNA from uninfected tomato plants under identical conditions. Following fractionation of RNA from PSTV-infected tissue with 2 m-LiCl and chromatography on cellulose CF11 columns, the RNA species which hybridizes with the PSTV probe was found to be enriched in those fractions which are also enriched for double-stranded RNA. Fingerprint analysis of hybridized 125I-labelled PSTV following recovery from the hybrids demonstrated that all regions of the viroid are represented in the complementary strands present in these RNA preparations.
Article (2005)

Monkeypox virus was transmitted from ill prairie dogs in a child care and veterinary facilities. The risk of symptomatic infection correlated with the amount of exposure to the prairie dogs. Although most cases of human monkeypox were associated with direct animal contact, other routes of transmission cannot be excluded.
Expression of a Zinc Finger Gene in HTLV-I- and HTLV-II-Transformed Cells (1990)

Gene products encoded by the human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) types I and II mediate transformation by the transactivation of cellular genes necessary for proliferation, probably including transcriptional regulatory factors. By searching for factors that may control proliferation, a zinc finger gene (225) was identified that was constitutively expressed in all HTLV-I- or HTLV-II-transformed cell lines examined, whereas in normal T cells it was only transiently expressed after mitogenic stimulation. The 225 gene was also constitutively expressed in two HTLV-I-transformed helper T cell clones, but not in the parental cell lines. Thus this putative cellular transcriptional factor, which was abnormally expressed in retrovirus-infected cells, may have a role in transformation.