gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on the Feasibility of Plasma (DBD Reactor) Cracking of Different Hydrocarbons (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">\(n\) </tex-math></inline-formula>-Hexadecane, Lubricating Oil, and Heavy Oil) (2014)

In this paper, the cracking ability of plasma in the oil refinery, as a novel study, has been discussed. Furthermore, the cracking of n-hexadecane, lubricating oil, and heavy oil by a nonthermal plasma reactor was studied to investigate the liquid and gaseous products, gas chromatography, and simulated distillation (Sim Dis) analyzer were used. The results showed the production of hydrogen, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and other hydrocarbons as a result of feedstock cracking. In these experiments, both lighter and heavier hydrocarbons were produced. In the first part, the n-hexadecane (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">34</sub> ) was injected to the reactor. The production rate of hydrogen, ethylene, and propylene were 12.74, 6.91, and 2.32 sccm, respectively. In the second part, lubricating oil, containing heavier hydrocarbons (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sub> -C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">42</sub> ), was chosen as a feed. Plasma was able to crack this feed to C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> -C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> with 39.77% (weight percent). In this part, the weight percent of C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">17+</sub> (heavy hydrocarbons) decreased from 93.0% to 40.19%, showing that 56.8% of the heavy fraction of lubricating oil was cracked to lighter hydrocarbons. Finally, heavy oil was injected to the reactor and Sim Dis data showed that 95% of eluted materials were taken at 628°C and 459°C temperatures for raw and plasma treated heavy oils, showing 169°C difference in the distribution of the boiling point of samples. This difference was due to the presence of lighter hydrocarbons with lower boiling point.
Purification and characterization of chitinase from Alcaligenes faecalis AU02 by utilizing marine wastes and its antioxidant activity (2011)

Marine waste is an abundant renewable source for the recovery of several value added metabolites with potential industrial applications. This study describes the production of chitinase on marine waste, with the subsequent use of the same marine waste for the extraction of antioxidants. A chitinase-producing bacterium isolated from seafood effluent was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis AU02. Optimal chitinase production was obtained in culture conditions of 37°C for 72 h in 100 ml medium containing 1% shrimp and crab shell powder (1:1) (w/v), 0.1% K2HPO4, and 0.05% MgSO4·7H2O. The molecular weight of chitinase was determined by SDS-PAGE to be 36 kDa. The optimum pH, temperature, pH stability, and thermal stability of chitinase were about 8, 37°C, 5–12, and 40–80°C, respectively. The antioxidant activity of A. faecalis AU02 culture supernatant was determined through scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as 84%, and the antioxidant compound was characterized by TLC and its FT-IR spectrum. The present study proposed that marine wastes can be utilized to generate a high-value-added product and that pharmacological studies can extend its use to the field of medicine.
Prognostic significance of L-type amino-acid transporter 1 expression in surgically resected pancreatic cancer (2012)

The expression of L-type amino-acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is tumour-specific and has been shown to have essential roles in cell growth and survival. However, little is known regarding the clinical significance of LAT1 expression in pancreatic cancer. This study was conducted to determine the prognostic significance of LAT1 expression. A total of 97 consecutive patients with surgically resected pathological stage I–IV pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Tumour sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for LAT1, CD98, Ki-67 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and microvessel density was determined by CD34 and p53. L-type amino-acid transporter 1 and CD98 were highly expressed in 52.6% (51/97) and 56.7% (55/97) of cases, respectively (P=0.568). The expression of LAT1 within pancreatic cancer cells was significantly associated with disease stage, tumour size, Ki-67, VEGF, CD34, p53 and CD98. L-type amino-acid transporter 1 expression was confirmed to be a significant prognostic factor for predicting poor outcome by multivariate analysis. L-type amino-acid transporter 1 expression is a promising pathological marker for the prediction of outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer.
MicroRNA fingerprints during human megakaryocytopoiesis (2006)

microRNAs are a highly conserved class of noncoding RNAs with important regulatory functions in proliferation, apoptosis, development, and differentiation. To discover novel regulatory pathways during megakaryocytic differentiation, we performed microRNA expression profiling of in vitro-differentiated megakaryocytes derived from CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitors. The main finding was down-regulation of miR-10a, miR-126, miR-106, miR-10b, miR-17 and miR-20. Hypothetically, the down-regulation of microRNAs unblocks target genes involved in differentiation. We confirmed in vitro and in vivo that miR-130a targets the transcription factor MAFB, which is involved in the activation of the GPIIB promoter, a key protein for platelet physiology. In addition, we found that miR-10a expression in differentiated megakaryocytes is inverse to that of HOXA1, and we showed that HOXA1 is a direct target of miR-10a. Finally, we compared the microRNA expression of megakaryoblastic leukemic cell lines with that of in vitro differentiated megakaryocytes and CD34(+) progenitors. This analysis revealed up-regulation of miR-101, miR-126, miR-99a, miR-135, and miR-20. Our data delineate the expression of microRNAs during megakaryocytopoiesis and suggest a regulatory role of microRNAs in this process by targeting megakaryocytic transcription factors.
Specular reflection reduction with multi-flash imaging (2004)

We present a novel method to reduce the effect of specularities in digital images. Our approach relies on a simple modification of the capture setup: a multi-flash camera is used to take multiple pictures of the scene, each one with a differently positioned light source. We then formulate the problem of specular highlights reduction as solving a Poisson equation on a gradient field obtained from the input images. Experimental results are demonstrated on real and synthetic images. The entire setup can be conceivably packaged into a self-contained device, no larger than existing digital cameras.
Theoretical Study of the Optical Manipulation of Semiconductor Nanoparticles under an Excitonic Resonance Condition (2003)

We theoretically study the mechanical interaction between radiation and a semiconductor nanoparticle, based on a microscopic model of confined excitons. The exerted force is calculated by using the Maxwell stress tensor expressed in terms of the microscopic response field. The numerical demonstrations clarify the following: (1) The enhancement of the force by using electronic resonance is remarkable for a particle with a radius of less than 100 nm for semiconductor materials. (2) The spectral peak position of the exerted force is considerably sensitive to nanoscale-size changes which would be useful for highly accurate size-selective manipulation.
Two-port optical wavelength circuits composed of cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers with point-symmetrical configurations (1996)

Wavelength circuit characteristics are investigated systematically for a family of two-port optical wavelength circuits composed of cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) with point-symmetrical configurations. A novel design method is presented for flattening their cross-port passbands (through-port stopbands). The design principle is based on a consideration of the general relations between wavelength circuit characteristics and circuit configuration symmetries. It is shown that the role of this novel design method is complementary to that of the conventional flattening method which is used for simple wavelength-insensitive couplers (WINCs) with a single-stage MZI configuration. Various optical wavelength circuits are designed by using both the novel and conventional design principles, including fixed and tunable WINCs, a wavelength-insensitive switch (WINS), and a wavelength multi/demultiplexer with a flattened passband and stopband. Measurement results are provided for some of the designed optical circuits which were fabricated using silica-on-silicon planar lightwave circuits (PLCs).
Optical Holography: Principles, Techniques, and Applications (1997)

This book presents a self-contained treatment of the principles, techniques and applications of optical holography, with particular emphasis on recent developments. The first part deals with the theory of holographic imaging, the characteristics of the reconstructed image and the different types of holograms. The next section covers the practical aspects of holography - optical systems, light sources and recording media - as well as the production of holograms for display, colour holography and computer-generated holograms. Finally, there is a detailed description of the most important applications of holography. These include particle-size analysis, high-resolution imaging, holographic optical elements and information storage and processing, as well as holographic interferometry and its use in stress analysis, vibration studies and contouring.
Age-related changes in gut microbiota composition from newborn to centenarian: a cross-sectional study (2016)

Our results indicate some patterns and transition points in the compositional changes in gut microbiota with age. In addition, the transporter property prediction results suggest that nutrients in the gut might play an important role in changing the gut microbiota composition with age.
Mutations of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine receptors change alcohol cutoff: Evidence for an alcohol receptor? (1998)

Alcohols in the homologous series of n-alcohols increase in central nervous system depressant potency with increasing chain length until a "cutoff" is reached, after which further increases in molecular size no longer increase alcohol potency. A similar phenomenon has been observed in the regulation of ligand-gated ion channels by alcohols. Different ligand-gated ion channels exhibit radically different cutoff points, suggesting the existence of discrete alcohol binding pockets of variable size on these membrane proteins. The identification of amino acid residues that determine the alcohol cutoff may, therefore, provide information about the location of alcohol binding sites. Alcohol regulation of the glycine receptor is critically dependent on specific amino acid residues in transmembrane domains 2 and 3 of the alpha subunit. We now demonstrate that these residues in the glycine alpha1 and the gamma-aminobutyric acid rho1 receptors also control alcohol cutoff. By mutation of Ser-267 to Gln, it was possible to decrease the cutoff in the glycine alpha1 receptor, whereas mutation of Ile-307 and/or Trp-328 in the gamma-aminobutyric acid rho1 receptor to smaller residues increased the cutoff. These results support the existence of alcohol binding pockets in these membrane proteins and suggest that the amino acid residues present at these positions can control the size of the alcohol binding cavity.
The tumor suppressor menin regulates hematopoiesis and myeloid transformation by influencing Hox gene expression (2006)

Menin is the product of the tumor suppressor gene Men1 that is mutated in the inherited tumor syndrome multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Menin has been shown to interact with SET-1 domain-containing histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases including mixed lineage leukemia proteins to regulate homeobox (Hox) gene expression in vitro. Using conditional Men1 knockout mice, we have investigated the requirement for menin in hematopoiesis and myeloid transformation. Men1 excision causes reduction of Hoxa9 expression, colony formation by hematopoietic progenitors, and the peripheral white blood cell count. Menin directly activates Hoxa9 expression, at least in part, by binding to the Hoxa9 locus, facilitating methylation of H3K4, and recruiting the methylated H3K4 binding protein chd1 to the locus. Consistent with signaling downstream of menin, ectopic expression of both Hoxa9 and Meis1 rescues colony formation defects in Men1-excised bone marrow. Moreover, Men1 excision also suppresses proliferation of leukemogenic mixed lineage leukemia-AF9 fusion-protein-transformed myeloid cells and Hoxa9 expression. These studies uncover an important role for menin in both normal hematopoiesis and myeloid transformation and provide a mechanistic understanding of menin's function in these processes that may be used for therapy.
Patterned Condensation Figures as Optical Diffraction Gratings (1994)

Heterogeneous, patterned surfaces comprising well-defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions and having micrometer-scale periodicities were prepared by patterning the adsorption of omega-functionalized alkanethiolates in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold. Condensation of water on such surfaces resulted in drops that followed the patterns in the SAMs. These patterned condensation figures (CFs) acted as optical diffraction gratings for reflected (or transmitted) light from a helium-neon laser (wavelength of 632.8 nanometers). Under an atmosphere of constant relative humidity, the development of the condensation figure was monitored quantitatively, as the temperature of the surface was lowered, by following the change in intensity of a first-order diffraction spot. This experimental technique may be useful in the development of new types of optical sensors that respond to their environment by changing the reflectivity of patterned regions and for studying phenomena such as drop nucleation, contact angle hysteresis, and spontaneous dewetting and break-up of thin liquid films.
Induction of antigen-specific immune response with use of anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies to anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibodies. (1991)

Anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were prepared in a syngeneic system against anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) MoAb 5B3 (IgG1), which reacted with a carbohydrate moiety on CEA, and MoAb MA208 (IgG1), which reacted with a peptide on CEA. Anti-idiotypic MoAb T3-503 and T4-202 recognized the private idiotype of MoAb 5B3; anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-049 and M7-625 did so for MoAb MA208. Idiotype mapping showed that MoAb 5B3 has at least two distinct idiotopes at its combining site and MoAb MA208 also has two. Four different anti-idiotypic MoAbs (Ab2) could induce anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab3) specific to their respective immunizing anti-idiotypic MoAbs. Anti-anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-625 antiserum (at least a part of the antibodies) have the same reactivity as MoAb MA208, since the serum competed with the binding of MoAb MA208 against CEA and contained the antibody population reactive with purified CEA in immunoblotting assay. These results suggest that anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-625 bears the internal image of the antigen (CEA) and induces the anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies specific to CEA. Therefore, an anti-idiotypic antibody bearing the internal image of a tumor associated antigen might be used as a possible tool for vaccination or immunotherapy against malignant tumors as an antigen specific immunomodulator.
PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT IN HUMANS WITH NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (2019)

The pharmacokinetic profile in the aqueous humor described here together with the previously reported affinity of aflibercept for vascular endothelial growth factor is consistent with and adds to our understanding for the duration of its clinical efficacy.
EIRA - An Application for Finding and Ranking Researchers (2016)

The purpose of the project is to deliver a proof of concept application that is expected to solve an issue related to nding suitable researchers for research groups. The system that organizations use, as of writing this report, is to post a request for application. This means that an organization published a request for research to be performed within a specific field and the budget attributed to the research project. Researchers then nd the request and sends\nan application. We developed EIRA with the intention of changing this process and allow the organizations to find researchers that could be a good fit for these projects. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; This report covers our development of the cognitive assistant EIRA (Entity Indexed Ranking Application). EIRA can find researchers related to the medical\nfield. The researchers are extracted from different data sources and currently EIRA uses the Scopus database and Microsoft Academic. The application consists of four custom micro services built in Node.js using Promises. EIRA provides a user interface written in AngularJS to handle all interaction with the services.
A sensitive sandwich ELISA for measuring erythropoietin in human serum (1992)

A sandwich, non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for erythropoietin (EPO) is described. The ELISA utilizes a monospecific, polyclonal antibody raised in rabbits against human recombinant EPO (rhu EPO) and purified over a rhu EPO affinity chromatography column. The ELISA procedure can be summarized as follows: Anti-EPO is coated onto 96-well ELISA microtitre plates; standard EPO or sample is added and left to bind to this catching antibody; this is followed by the addition of the same antibody which has been biotinylated; finally, anti-biotin conjugated to alkaline phosphatase is added and the enzyme reaction developed and read at 405 nm. All parameters of the assay have been optimized. Recombinant human EPO was standardized against the World Health Organization 2nd International Reference Preparation for erythropoietin. The minimal detectable concentration of rhu EPO was 0.3-0.5 mU/ml, which corresponded to 1.2-2 mU/ml of EPO in serum (serum diluted 1:4). No reaction was obtained with a variety of blood components and cytokines, indicating that the anti-EPO antibody did not cross-react with those substances to produce false-positive results. The intra-assay variation ranged from 3% to 10%, while the inter-assay variation ranged from 8.5% to 24%. Serum dose-response curves were parallel to the standard dose-response curve. The assay is easy to use, rapid, reproducible, but above all quantitative, specific and sensitive to measure the EPO content in all serum samples.
The lithium chloride complex of theantiisomer of the bridged spherand C50H48O6 (2000)

The structure of (11,12,24,25-tetra­hydro-28,34-di­methoxy-3,6,16,19,31,37-hexa­methyl-1,21[1′,3′]:8,14[1′′,3′′]-di­benzeno-10H,23H-tetrabenzo­[f,h,o,z][1,5,10,14]­tetraoxa­cyclo­octa­decane)­lithium chloride monohydrate, anti-[Li(C50H48O6)]Cl·H2O, at 100 K reveals that the host is less strained than that of the syn-bridged isomer. There are two independent complex cations, each lying on a center of symmetry. Four short [1.944 (2)–1.998 (2) Å] and two long [2.381 (2) and 2.455 (2) Å] Li+⋯O distances provide six-coordination in a distorted octahedral environment.
Comparison of human tumour cell responses to cisplatin and ZD0473 with and without irradiation. (2004)

Three pairs of human tumour cell lines, with one line of each pair resistant to cisplatin, were used to compare the effects of cisplatin and ZD0473 on cellular toxicity and radiosensitization. Whilst all three cell line pairs had one line that was resistant to cisplatin, for ZD0473 the lung tumour HTB56cp and cervical carcinoma ME180 cell lines did not express resistance to their HTB56 and SHA counterparts, respectively. Only the ovarian carcinoma line A2780cp showed resistance to ZD0473 compared to its counterpart A2780S. For radiosensitization both cisplatin and ZD0473 show additive and subadditive effects in the ovarian carcinoma lines, and additive and superadditive effects in the cervical carcinoma and lung tumour cell lines. In fact in the lung tumour cell lines ZD0473 appeared to be a more effective radiosensitizer than cisplatin.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADA IBUPOST KURETASE DI RUANG PONEK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN JOMBANG: Midwifery Care On Women Post Curettage Ponek General Hospital District Jombang (2016)

Pendahuluan : Abortus adalah ancaman atau pengeluaran hasil konsepsi sebelum janin dapat hidup di luar kandungan dan abortus termaksud komplikasi pada kehamilan yang mengarah pada kematian ibu akibat terjadinya perdarahan.Maka perlu ditangani dengan segera, karena perdarahan yang berkelanjutan dapat terjadinya syok.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan Asuhan Kebidanan Pada Ibu Post Kuretase di Ruang PONEK RSUD Kabupaten Jombang. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metodepenelitian kualitatif dalam bentuk studi kasus dengan melakukan pendekatan asuhan kebidanan dengan langkah-langkah pengkajian data,interpretasi data dasar, diagnose potensial, kebutuhan segera, intervensi, implementasi, evaluasi dan lembar observasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22-25 Agustus 2015 di Ruang PONEK RSUD Kabupaten Jombang.Dengan subyek penelitian yang digunakanadalah2 responden dengan diagnosa kebidanan yang sama yaitu ibu post kuretase. Selain itu untuk menjamin kebenaran data saat penelitian menggunakan triangulasi data dari tiga sumber yaitu klien, keluarga, dan tenaga kesehatan (meliputi: bidan RS, dr SpOG). Intervensi yang diberikan pada dua responden berupa KIE Post Kuretase diantara yaitu kebutuhan nutrisi, personal hygiene, KB post abortus. Hasil :Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kedua kasus tersebut ibu post kuretase di Ruang PONEK RSUD Kab. Jombang dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terjadi perdarahan dan tidak terjadi infeksi. Pembahasan : Ibu post kuretase rentan akan terjadinya infeksi. Oleh karena itu KIE Post Kuretase bermanfaat untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan dapat diterapkan dalam masa pemulihan.
Kata kunci : Abortus, Post Kuretase
MECHANISMS OF WNT SIGNALING IN DEVELOPMENT (1998)

Wnt genes encode a large family of secreted, cysteine-rich proteins that play key roles as intercellular signaling molecules in development. Genetic studies in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans, ectopic gene expression in Xenopus, and gene knockouts in the mouse have demonstrated the involvement of Wnts in processes as diverse as segmentation, CNS patterning, and control of asymmetric cell divisions. The transduction of Wnt signals between cells proceeds in a complex series of events including post-translational modification and secretion of Wnts, binding to transmembrane receptors, activation of cytoplasmic effectors, and, finally, transcriptional regulation of target genes. Over the past two years our understanding of Wnt signaling has been substantially improved by the identification of Frizzled proteins as cell surface receptors for Wnts and by the finding that beta-catenin, a component downstream of the receptor, can translocate to the nucleus and function as a transcriptional activator. Here we review recent data that have started to unravel the mechanisms of Wnt signaling.