gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poly(p-xylylene) Nanotubes by Coating and Removal of Ultrathin Polymer Template Fibers (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTPoly(p-xylylene) Nanotubes by Coating and Removal of Ultrathin Polymer Template FibersHaoqing Hou, Zeng Jun, Arndt Reuning, Andreas Schaper, Joachim H. Wendorff, and Andreas GreinerView Author Information Philipps-University Marburg, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Nuclear Chemistry, and Macromolecular Chemistry and Scientific Center for Materials Science, Department of Geosciences, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35032 Marburg, Germany Cite this: Macromolecules 2002, 35, 7, 2429–2431Publication Date (Web):February 28, 2002Publication History Received10 September 2001Revised14 January 2002Published online28 February 2002Published inissue 1 March 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma011607ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma011607irapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1929Altmetric-Citations193LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Fibers,Genetics,Organic polymers,Plastics Get e-Alerts
The Athens Affair (2007)

How some extremely smart hackers pulled off the most audacious cell-network break-in ever. On 9 march 2005, a 38-year-old Greek electrical engineer named Costas Tsalikidis was found hanged in his Athens loft apartment, an apparent suicide. It would prove to be merely the first public news of a scandal that would roil Greece for months. The next day, the prime minister of Greece was told that his cellphone was being bugged, as were those of the mayor of Athens and at least 100 other high-ranking dignitaries, including an employee of the U.S. embassy. The victims were customers of Athens based Vodafone-Panafon, generally known as Vodafone Greece, the country's largest cellular service provider. Tsalikidis was in charge of network planning at the company. A connection seemed obvious. Given the list of people and their positions at the time of the tapping, we can only imagine the sensitive political and diplomatic discussions, high-stakes business deals, or even marital indiscretions that may have been routinely overheard and, quite possibly, recorded. Even before Tsalikidis's death, investigators had found rogue software installed on the Vodafone Greece phone network by parties unknown. Some extraordinarily knowledgeable people either penetrated the network from outside or subverted it from within, aided by an agent or mole. In either case, the software at the heart of the phone system, investigators later discovered, was reprogrammed with a finesse and sophistication rarely seen before or since. A study of the Athens affair, surely the most bizarre and embarrassing scandal ever to engulf a major cellphone service provider, sheds considerable light on the measures networks can and should take to reduce their vulnerability to hackers and moles. It's also a rare opportunity to get a glimpse of one of the most elusive of cybercrimes. Major network penetrations of any kind are exceedingly uncommon. They are hard to pull off, and equally hard to investigate.
An Experimental and Theoretical Framework for Manufacturing Prosthetic Sockets for Transtibial Amputees (2006)

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a powerful manufacturing technology that does not require part-specific tooling or significant human intervention and provides the ability to easily generate parts with complex geometric designs. The present work focuses on developing a manufacturing framework using this technology to produce subject-specific transtibial amputee prosthetic sockets made of Duraform PA, which is a nylon-based material. The framework includes establishing an overall socket design (using the patellar-tendon bearing approach), performing a structural analysis using the finite element method (FEM) to ensure structural reliability during patient use, and validating the results by comparing the model output with experimental data. The validation included quantifying the failure conditions for the socket through a series of bending moment and compression tests. In the case study performed, the FEM results were within 3% of the experimental failure loads for the socket and were considered satisfactory.
Coarse writing-style clustering based on simple stroke-related features. (1996)

Two methods are presented for the automatic detection of generic writing styles like e.g. mixed, cursive and handprint. Based on a set of handwritten words, three features are determined: a cursivity index c, which indicates the tendency of a writer to write cursive, and two distance measures d c and d h . The distance measures represents the distance between the stroke feature vectors in the input handwriting and the strokes contained in two style-specific Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps (SOM). One SOM is tuned for the writing style handprint, and the other for cursive. The first method uses some linear decision criteria based on the feature vector fc; d c ; d h g, for the classification of one of the three writing styles. The second method uses nonlinear decision boundaries found via agglomerative hierarchical clustering of the three-dimensional feature vectors. Using the second method, several more distinctive writing style classifications are proposed. 1. Introduction At the NICI, s...
Twin-like ternary PtCoFe alloy in nitrogen-doped graphene nanopores as a highly effective electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction (2016)

A novel twin-like ternary PtCoFe alloy in nitrogen-doped graphene nanopores (PtCoFe/NPG) was fabricated, serving as a high-performance electrocatalyst for ORR.
Speech parameter generation algorithms for HMM-based speech synthesis (2002)

This paper derives a speech parameter generation algorithm for HMM-based speech synthesis, in which the speech parameter sequence is generated from HMMs whose observation vector consists of a spectral parameter vector and its dynamic feature vectors. In the algorithm, we assume that the state sequence (state and mixture sequence for the multi-mixture case) or a part of the state sequence is unobservable (i.e., hidden or latent). As a result, the algorithm iterates the forward-backward algorithm and the parameter generation algorithm for the case where the state sequence is given. Experimental results show that by using the algorithm, we can reproduce clear formant structure from multi-mixture HMMs as compared with that produced from single-mixture HMMs.
cycloSal-PMEA and cycloAmb-PMEA:  Potentially New Phosphonate Prodrugs Based on the cycloSal-Pronucleotide Approach (2005)

Two new classes of lipophilic prodrugs of the antiviral active phosphonate 9-[2-phosphonomethoxyethyl]adenine (PMEA 1) have been prepared and were studied with regard to their hydrolysis properties and biological activity. A first series of compounds was prepared on the basis of the cycloSal nucleotide approach. Because of the surprisingly low hydrolysis stability of these cycloSal-PMEA derivatives, more stable derivatives have to be developed. Instead of using salicyl alcohol, in cycloAmb-PMEA derivatives 2-aminobenzyl alcohols were attached to PMEA 1. The latter compounds showed a considerably higher stability compared to the cycloSal counterparts. Stability studies revealed that all lipophilic prodrugs delivered PMEA selectively by chemical means. All compounds proved to be noninhibiting to acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, and some of the phosphonate diesters were found to be more active against HIV compared to the parent PMEA.
Confocal theta line-scanning microscope for imaging human tissues (2007)

A confocal reflectance theta line-scanning microscope demonstrates imaging of nuclear and cellular morphology in human skin and oral mucosa in vivo. The illumination and detection are through a divided objective lens pupil, resulting in a theta-microscope configuration. A line is directly scanned in the pupil and descanned onto a linear detector array such that the theta line scanner consists of only seven main optical components. The experimentally measured lateral resolution is 1.0 microm and optical section thickness is 1.7 microm under nominal conditions at 830 nm wavelength. Through full-thickness human epidermis (i.e., in the dermis) the measured lateral resolution is 1.7 microm and the optical section thickness is 9.2 microm. The lateral resolution, sectioning, and image quality in epidermal (epithelial) tissue is comparable to that of point scanning confocal microscopy.
Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) and OLED-based chemical and biological sensors: an overview (2008)

The basic photophysics, transport properties, state of the art, and challenges in OLED science and technology, and the major developments in structurally integrated OLED-based luminescent chemical and biological sensors are reviewed briefly. The dramatic advances in OLED performance have resulted in devices with projected continuous operating lifetimes of ∼2 × 105 h (∼23 yr) at ∼150 Cd m−2 (the typical brightness of a computer monitor or TV). Consequently, commercial products incorporating OLEDs, e.g., cell phones, MP3 players, and, most recently, OLED TVs, are rapidly proliferating.
The OSI reference model (1983)

The early successes of computer networks in the mid-1970's made it apparent that to utilize the full potential of computer networks, international standards would be required. In 1977, the International Standards Organization (ISO) initiated work on Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) to address these requirements. This paper briefly describes the OSI Reference Model. The OSI Reference Model is the highest level of abstraction in the OSI scheme. The paper first describes the basic building blocks used to construct the network model. Then the particular seven-layer model used by OSI is briefly described, followed by a discussion of outstanding issues and future extensions for the model.
Bioseparation processes in foods (1995)

Bioseparations, especially using hollow fibres extraction techniques for food processing bioseparations with supercritical fluids scale-up techniques in bioseparation processes precipitation of biomolecules foam based separation of proteins in focus and on the move - prospects for electrophoresis in the food industry affinity chromatography membrane separation in food processing membrane separations - newer concepts and applications for food industry impact of recent developments in solid/liquid separation techniques including micro filtration on the drying process industry whey protein isolation and fractionation using ion exchangers separation processes in flavour manufacturing separation and purification processes for recovery of industrial enzymes novel processes for recovery of high purity glucose isomerases.
Research on distortion measurement and calibration technology for TV-seeker (2009)

In order to satisfy the detective distance requirements of TV-seeker, dual-CCD scheme is used in its optical imaging system. But the distortion of CCD camera has seriously affected on the image quality, which can not get high-precision image of registration and mosaic. Therefore its quantitative measurement and calibration is the key to the attack accuracy of the precision guided weapon. Aiming at the problem as distortion of TV-seeker, firstly Tsai two-stage method based on radial constraint is used to calibrate the CCD camera whose interior parameter and exterior parameter have been determined. The high performance electronic target is established whose advantages are high contrast, high brightness, excellent uniformity and so on by use of TFT-LCD spatial light modulator and visible image display technology. On basis of this, the distortion measurement system is formed to measure the CCD camera. Then polynomial model is established by applying the inversion algorithm and the measured distortion is calibrated by the least squares fit. The calibrated result shows that the measurement precision using this algorithm is higher than that using the positive one obviously and the average distortion after calibration is better than 0.15%.
Drug Nanoparticles - An Overview (2012)

Advances in drug discovery technologies and combinatorial chemistry techniques have led to identification of a number of compounds with good therapeutic potential. However, because of their complex chemistry majority of these compounds have poor aqueous solubility resulting in reduced and variable bioavailability (Lipinski et al., 2002). The variability in systemic exposure observed often makes it difficult for dose delineation, results in fed and fast variability and in slower onset of action. These issues may lead to suboptimal dosing and concomitantly poor therapeutic response. For compounds with poor aqueous solubility that are ionizable, preparation of salts to improve solubility/dissolution rate is a commonly used approach that had limited success. From a product development standpoint, generally a crystalline salt is preferred due to potential physical and chemical stability issues associated with the amorphous form. Identification of a crystalline salt with adequate aqueous solubility requires screening various counter-ions and solvents/crystallization conditions and at times isolation of a crystalline material is difficult. In some instances the salt formed is extremely hygroscopic posing product development and manufacturing challenges (Elaine et al., 2008).
Bioinspired Choline-like Ionic Liquids: Their Penetration Ability through Cell Membranes and Application to SEM Visualization of Hydrous Samples (2011)

This letter proposes the use of choline-like hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs) to visualize hydrous samples (e.g., seaweed and other biological or food samples) for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Some of the water in the samples was successfully replaced with these ILs, which penetrated the cell membranes. The treated samples did not contract much even after drying. The ILs' ionic conductivity decreased the charging of sample surfaces, and good SEM images were obtained.
Genomic walking and sequencing by oligo-cassette mediated polymerase chain reaction (1990)

Journal Article Genomic walking and sequencing by oligo-cassette mediated polymerase chain reaction Get access André Rosenthal, André Rosenthal MRC Molecular Genetics UnitHill Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Stephen, D. Stephen MRC Molecular Genetics UnitHill Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Jones C. Jones MRC Molecular Genetics UnitHill Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 10, 25 May 1990, Pages 3095–3096, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.10.3095 Published: 25 May 1990 Article history Received: 16 March 1990 Published: 25 May 1990
Studies of H Ly-α emissions in the solar neighborhood with the techniques of polarimetry and spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) (2003)

Ultraviolet astronomy is an important tool for the study of the interplanetary medium and diffuse, angularly extended emissions in planetary/comet atmospheres and their near space environments. We describe a new technique for high étendue observations of emission lines at R > 10<sup>5</sup> with an all-reflective spatial heterodyne spectrometer and polarmetric sampling of these lines with an ultraviolet optimized waveplate-Brewster mirror combination. The resulting system is themo-mechanically stable, has light collecting power substantially greater than HST for extended emissions, despite having a volume of several x 10<sup>-3</sup> m<sup>3</sup>. This makes the SHS polarimeter ideal for spacecraft applications. We describe the SHS and polarmetric optical techniques and provide a discussion of its planned development for studies of interplanetary hydrogen.
Monitoring multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab: teasing out monoclonal antibody interference (2016)

As the treatment of myeloma evolves to incorporate novel monoclonal antibodies, additional solutions will be needed for clinical monitoring of patient responses to therapeutic regimens. In the interim, assays such as DIRA can inform clinical outcomes by distinguishing daratumumab from endogenous M-protein by IFE.
cDNA analysis predicts a cornea-specific collagen. (1991)

In the development of chicken corneal stroma, two or more collagens often interact, either as constituents of a single heterotypic fibril or as components of the fibril surface. The latter, fibril-associated collagens, may facilitate interactions between fibrils and the surrounding extracellular matrix or between fibrils themselves. In an effort to isolate putative nonfibrillar collagens that may have such a function, we screened a 13-day embryonic cornea cDNA library under reduced stringency conditions, using a cDNA probe for a collagenous domain of type XII collagen. We isolated a 4.2-kilobase (kb) cDNA that predicts a "collagenous" protein that has three unusual, if not unique, features. (i) The putative polypeptide encoded by this cDNA has a structural arrangement in which numerous stretches of Gly-Xaa-Yaa triplets, typical of collagens, are interrupted by non-Gly-Xaa-Yaa regions. One of the potential triple-helical domains is 246 amino acids long, but most are much smaller, consisting of 15-36 amino acids. Many are very rich in the helix-stabilizing imino acid proline. (ii) Northern blot analyses demonstrated strong cDNA hybridization to a 6.8-kb mRNA whose expression is restricted to the cornea. No hybridization was observed to mRNAs from the nine other tissues used in these analyses, even with extended exposure of the film. (iii) The cDNA contains a short (less than or equal to 425-base-pair) sequence in the 3' untranslated region of the 6.8-kb mRNA that hybridizes to a 7.8-kb mRNA that has a wide tissue distribution.
Future space-based communications infrastructures based on High Throughput Satellites and Software Defined Networking (2015)

Terrestrial networks are currently embracing new paradigms as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV); these technologies can provide great opportunities also to broadband satellite networks architectures, bringing flexibility, scalability, customization and cost reduction. Moreover, new user-tailored services could be provided. In this paper, the use of SDN and NFV in a broadband satellite access scenario will be analyzed and some selected applications will be examied to identify possible benefits provided by these paradigms.
Long-term Sequelae of Acute Venous Thrombosis (1983)

The long-term sequelae of acute deep-vein thrombosis were examined prospectively in a series of 61 patients. The location and extent of the involvement were established by either contrast or isotope phlebography. The mean age of the patients was 47 years, with the duration of follow-up averaging 39 months (range, one to 144 months). Pain and/or swelling was noted in 67% of the patients. Pigmentation developed in 15 limbs (23%). Ulceration developed in three patients. The most important factor with regard to prognosis appeared to be the status of the distal deep veins. If these were found to be patent and competent by ultrasonic velocity studies, the long-term outlook was good, both with regard to symptoms and the development of pigmentation. Only 8% of those limbs with normal distal veins were found to have pigmentation during follow-up, as compared with 40% in those with either occlusion or incompetence of the valves.
Flexible, Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells Employing Biocatalytically Synthesized Polymeric Electrolytes (2004)

A variety of tethered PEGylated polymers were synthesized using a mild, environmentally benign, and highly selective biocatalytic approach for preparing a quasi-solid electrolyte system for dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells (DSSC). The biocatalytic approach developed is based on immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozyme-435)-catalyzed copolymerization reactions; the polymeric materials thus-obtained were further functionalized with hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains using mild chemical reactions. All these polymeric materials were used in formulating quasi-solid electrolyte compositions and incorporated into flexible DSSCs, and solar conversion efficiency of as high as 4.6% was obtained.
Netting Neutrophils Are Major Inducers of Type I IFN Production in Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2011)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a breakdown of tolerance to nuclear antigens and the development of immune complexes. Genomic approaches have shown that human SLE leukocytes homogeneously express type I interferon (IFN)-induced and neutrophil-related transcripts. Increased production and/or bioavailability of IFN-α and associated alterations in dendritic cell (DC) homeostasis have been linked to lupus pathogenesis. Although neutrophils have long been shown to be associated with lupus, their potential role in disease pathogenesis remains elusive. Here, we show that mature SLE neutrophils are primed in vivo by type I IFN and die upon exposure to SLE-derived anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies, releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). SLE NETs contain DNA as well as large amounts of LL37 and HMGB1, neutrophil proteins that facilitate the uptake and recognition of mammalian DNA by plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Indeed, SLE NETs activate pDCs to produce high levels of IFN-α in a DNA- and TLR9 (Toll-like receptor 9)-dependent manner. Our results reveal an unsuspected role for neutrophils in SLE pathogenesis and identify a novel link between nucleic acid-recognizing antibodies and type I IFN production in this disease.
Optimal topologies for survivable fiber optic networks using SONET self-healing rings (2002)

One aspect of network planning, topology design, requires choosing the most economical routing of the fibers for the rings and diverse protection systems. The methodologies and algorithms described generate and optimize the topology of a survivable fiber network. Route mileage, fiber, and regenerator costs are considered. Numerical results for these algorithms run on a variety of example networks show that the algorithms do reduce the costs and run fast enough to be of use to a network planner.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ICN Based Scalable Audio-Video Conferencing on Virtualized Service Edge Router (VSER) Platform (2015)

This paper proposes an audio/video conferencing architecture based on the VSER platform. The proposed solution follows a hybrid approach, where consumers are initialized to current producer's media state through a media-dependent notification framework provided by the VSER; whereas the data exchange leverages ICN features, resulting in bandwidth efficiency. The hybrid design provides better scalability and reliability when compared to the ICN based P2P conferencing systems.