gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arthritis gene therapy (1999)

Because of the limitations of current therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), novel approaches need to be developed for the treatment of this disease. Although certain antiinflammatory proteins such as soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor or interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein are able to reduce certain pathologies associated with RA, there have been difficulties with targeting the proteins to sites of disease such as the joints. One novel approach for targeting proteins to sites of disease is to deliver the gene(s) encoding the therapeutic agent to specific cell types such as synovial cells or T-cells. Significant progress has been made towards developing gene therapy strategies for treating RA and the first clinical trial for the treatment of RA by gene therapy has been initiated recently. This review will summarize the approaches and progress made towards developing gene transfer methods for treating RA.
Isolectin B4-Positive and -Negative Nociceptors Are Functionally Distinct (1999)

Small-diameter sensory neurons that are primarily nociceptors can be divided neurochemically into two populations: isolectin B(4) (IB(4))-positive nonpeptidergic neurons, and IB(4)-negative peptidergic neurons. It has been shown that IB(4)-positive neurons depend on glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), whereas IB(4)-negative neurons depend on NGF for survival during postnatal development (Molliver et al., 1997). Furthermore, these two populations of nociceptors terminate in distinct regions of the superficial spinal cord. To date, however, no evidence exists that indicates whether these two groups of nociceptors have distinct functional roles in the process of nociception (Snider and McMahon, 1998). To search for functional differences, we performed whole-cell voltage and current-clamp recordings on acutely isolated adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons that were labeled with fluorescent IB(4). We found that IB(4)-positive neurons have longer-duration action potentials, higher densities of TTX-resistant sodium currents, and smaller noxious heat-activated currents than IB(4)-negative neurons. Furthermore, we show that NGF, but not GDNF, directly increases the number of neurons that respond to noxious heat. The different electrophysiological properties expressed by IB(4)-positive and -negative small neurons, including their different heat sensitivities, indicates that they may relay distinct aspects of noxious stimuli both acutely and after injury in vivo.
Manipulation of nuclear architecture through CRISPR-mediated chromosomal looping (2017)

Chromatin looping is key to gene regulation, yet no broadly applicable methods to selectively modify chromatin loops have been described. We have engineered a method for chromatin loop reorganization using CRISPR-dCas9 (CLOuD9) to selectively and reversibly establish chromatin loops. We demonstrate the power of this technology to selectively modulate gene expression at targeted loci.
Design of Wide-Area Damping Controllers for Interarea Oscillations (2008)

This paper develops a systematic procedure of designing a centralized damping control system for power grid interarea oscillations putting emphasis on the signal selection and control system structure assignment. Geometric measures of controllability/observability are used to select the most effective stabilizing signals and control locations. Line power flows and currents are found to be the most effective input signals. The synthesis of the controller is defined as a problem of mixed H 2/H infin output-feedback control with regional pole placement and is resolved by the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. A tuning process and nonlinear simulations are then used to modify the controller parameters to ensure the performance and robustness of the controller designed with linear techniques. The design process is tested on the New England 39-bus ten-machine system.
Tissue factor expression in human arterial smooth muscle cells. TF is present in three cellular pools after growth factor stimulation. (1997)

Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that initiates the coagulation cascade. Because of the potential role of TF in mediating arterial thrombosis, we have examined its expression in human aortic and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC). TF mRNA and protein were induced in SMC by a variety of growth agonists. Exposure to PDGF AA or BB for 30 min provided all of the necessary signals for induction of TF mRNA and protein. This result was consistent with nuclear runoff analyses, demonstrating that PDGF-induced TF transcription occurred within 30 min. A newly developed assay involving binding of digoxigenin-labeled FVIIa (DigVIIa) and digoxigenin-labeled Factor X (DigX) was used to localize cellular TF. By light and confocal microscopy, prominent TF staining was seen in the perinuclear cytoplasm beginning 2 h after agonist treatment and persisting for 10-12 h. Surface TF activity, measured on SMC monolayers under flow conditions, increased transiently, peaking 4-6 h after agonist stimulation and returning to baseline within 16 h. Peak surface TF activity was only approximately 20% of total TF activity measured in cell lysates. Surface TF-blocking experiments demonstrated that the remaining TF was found as encrypted surface TF, and also in an intracellular pool. The relatively short-lived surface expression of TF may be critical for limiting the thrombotic potential of intact SMC exposed to growth factor stimulation. In contrast, the encrypted surface and intracellular pools may provide a rich source of TF under conditions associated with SMC damage, such as during atherosclerotic plaque rupture or balloon arterial injury.
Recognition of Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate–Expressing Tumor Cells by Peptide Antigen–Induced Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (2005)

The identification of novel markers and therapeutic targets in advanced cancer is critical for improving diagnosis and therapy. Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) is expressed predominantly in human prostate tissue and in other common malignancies including prostate, bladder, colon, and ovarian carcinomas, and in Ewing's sarcoma, suggesting that it could function as an almost universal tumor antigen. We have used MHC peptide binding algorithms to predict potential STEAP sequences capable of stimulating in vitro naïve HLA-A2-restricted CTLs. Four of six peptides predicted by these algorithms were able to induce antigen-specific CTLs that killed peptide-pulsed HLA-A2 target cells. Two of these peptides, STEAP-292 (MIAVFLPIV) and a modification of this peptide STEAP-292.2L (MLAVFLPIV), were the most efficient in the induction of primary CTL responses. More importantly, these CTLs were able to respond to tumor cells that express HLA-A2 and STEAP (colon, bladder, prostate, Ewing's sarcoma, and melanoma). Our results provide strong evidence that STEAP-292 is naturally processed by many tumor types and is presented in the context of HLA-A2 in sufficient amounts to allow recognition by CTLs. Also because STEAP-292.2L is a more immunogenic peptide able to induce CTL recognition of these STEAP-containing tumors and may have potential as an antitumor peptide vaccine.
The detection of high impedance faults using random fault behavior (1988)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
Genetic relatedness of hepatitis B viral strains of diverse geographical origin and natural variations in the primary structure of the surface antigen (1993)

A 681 nucleotide fragment of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was sequenced that corresponded to the complete gene for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in 80 HBsAg- and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive sera of diverse geographical origins. These and 42 previously published HBV sequences within the S gene were used for the construction of a dendrogram. In this comparison, each of the 122 HBsAg genes was found to be related to one or other of the six previously identified genomic groups of HBV, A to F. The HBV strains within each genomic group showed a characteristic geographical distribution. Group A genomes were represented by 23 strains mainly originating in northern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa. The group B and C genomes, represented by 17 and 28 strains respectively, were confined to populations with origins in eastern Asia and the Far East. The group D genomes, represented by 38 strains, were found worldwide, but were the predominant strains in the Mediterranean area, the Near and Middle East, and in south Asia. Group E genomes, represented by nine strains, were indigenous to western sub-Saharan Africa as far south as Angola. There were indications that the F group, made up of six strains, represented the genomic group of HBV among populations with origins in the New World. Thus, HBV has diverged into genomic groups according to the distribution of mankind in the different continents. As well as giving information on the genetic relationship of HBV strains of different geographical origin, this study also provides information on the primary structure of HBsAg in different regions of the world. Such data might prove valuable in explaining the reported failures to obtain protection with current HBV vaccines.
An analytical system based on a compact flow cytometer for DNA fragment sizing and single‐molecule detection (2004)

A compact, low-power, high-sensitivity system detects DNA fragments as small as 125 bp or individual B-PE molecules in a flowing liquid stream. Demonstrated linearity, sensitivity, and resolution indicate that <1.0 mW of laser power is optimal, permitting further miniaturization of the system and additional cost reduction. Comprehensive analytical software exploits the standard cytometric paradigm of multiple 2D graphs and gating to extract features from classes of individually analyzed biomolecules. This complete system is thus poised to engage high-sensitivity applications not amenable to conventional flow cytometric instrumentation.
Direct Injection Ignition Assisted Alcohol Engine (1988)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An experimental, direct injection (DI), alcohol-fueled, engine combustion system has been developed for application to diesel engines used in medium duty trucks. A single cylinder version of a 6.6L, 6-cylinder DI diesel engine was designed, built and tested. The baseline diesel engine had a helical port with a moderate swirl ratio of 2.74, a 16.3:1 compression ratio, and a multi-spray fuel injection system. The engine was converted to operate on ethanol and methanol fuels with provisions for spark or glow plug ignition assist. Compression ratio was increased to 19.3:1. A higher rate inline fuel injection pump and larger hole area nozzles were installed to accommodate the larger fuel volume flow rates with alcohol fuels. An experimental high energy, multi-strike ignition system was used to directly ignite one of four fuel-spray plumes. Combustion initiated from the first plume ignited the remaining three plumes via a proposed process of flame propagation from the initial ignition site followed by compression ignition of the peripheral regions of the plumes not yet in contact with the flame. Parametric studies were conducted to optimize ignition and injection system variables, and to examine the effect of increasing combustion chamber temperature levels via heated inlet air. The DI alcohol engine produced a 9 to 15% increase in full load BMEP, and a 1 to 1.5% reduction in energy consumption based on the EPA 13-mode transient cycle relative to the baseline DI diesel engine.&lt;/div&gt;
PLASMA LEVELS OF OESTRONE, OESTRADIOL AND GONADOTROPHINS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AFTER ORAL AND VAGINAL ADMINISTRATION OF CONJUGATED EQUINE OESTROGENS (PREMARIN) (1978)

Peripheral plasma from five postmenopausal women was analyzed for oestrone and oestradiol during 48 hours after administration of 1.25 mg Premarin (conjugated equine oestrogen) orally and vaginally. Oestrone and oestradiol were separated on columns of Sephadex LH 20 before radioimmunoassay. Administration of 1.25 mg of Premarin produced a marked increase in plasma oestrone levels and 24 hours after treatment the oestrone levels were still above follicular phase levels. The plasma pattern of oestradiol was similar but the elevation was less pronounced. The biological activity of Premarin as indicated by depressed gonadotrophin levels was similar with the intravaginal and oral routes of administration.
Intraretinal oxygen consumption in the rat in vivo. (2002)

Under light-adapted conditions the oxygen uptake by the selected region of the inner retina (primarily the inner plexiform layer) is greater than that of the outer retina (P < 0.01). Dark adaptation rapidly and significantly increases outer retinal oxygen consumption, but the inner retina remains unaffected.
Synergetic anticancer effect of combined quercetin and recombinant adenoviral vector expressing human wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes on hepatocellular carcinoma cellsin vitro (2003)

BB-102 and quercetin synergetically suppress HCC cell proliferation and induce HCC cell apoptosis, suggesting a possible use as a combined anti-cancer agent.
Random program generator for Java JIT compiler test system (2003)

Java has been used widely, from servers to cellular phones. In order to test those Java runtime systems, many test tools have been provided. However these tools are not enough for Java JIT compilers. They should be tested by various executable bytecode sequences. Most test tools don't cover such kinds of a combination test. Therefore we developed a random test program generator and a Java JIT compiler test system. This test system automatically: 1) generates Java class files which are random, executable and finite; 2) inserts codes that output execution-process-dependent results; 3) runs these on the target JIT compiler and other tested Java runtimes; 4) compares results. In this paper, we describe how to generate random test programs, and how to test a Java JIT compiler, and then we evaluate quality (coverage) of generated random test programs.
Measurement of Deformation in a Cylindrical Shell by Holographic Interferometry (1974)

In order to establish the quantitative method for measuring three-dimensional displacements by holographic interferometry, the authors have already discussed some problems and presented several practical devices. On the basis of these considerations, the usefulness of this measuring method was shown by a practical example: measurement of deformation in a cylindrical shell under concentrated loading. The displacement components could be measured with high accuracy (order of 0.1 microm) when the optical system was arranged and the fringe order number was read within allowable error given beforehand, respectively. The decision of fringe order number was made easily by applying elastic elongation of a rubber strip as an index and by reconstructing the holographic real image on the original object.
Mid-Infrared Spectral Characteristics of Lipid Molecular Structures in Brassica carinata Seeds: Relationship to Oil Content, Fatty Acid and Glucosinolate Profiles, Polyphenols, and Condensed Tannins (2014)

The objectives of this study were to quantify lipid-related inherent molecular structures using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) technique and determine their relationship to oil content, fatty acid and glucosinolate profile, total polyphenols, and condensed tannins in seeds from newly developed yellow-seeded and brown-seeded Brassica carinata lines. Canola seeds were used as a reference. The lipid-related molecular spectral band intensities were strongly correlated to the contents of oil, fatty acids, glucosinolates, and polyphenols. The regression equations gave relatively high predictive power for the estimation of oil (R² = 0.99); all measured fatty acids (R² > 0.80), except C14:0, C20:3n-3, C22:2n-9, and C22:2n-6; 3-butenyl, 2-OH-3-butenyl, 4-OH-3-CH3-indolyl, and total glucosinolates (R² > 0.686); and total polyphenols (R² = 0.935). However, further study is required to obtain predictive equations based on large numbers of samples from diverse sources to illustrate the general applicability of these regression equations.
Production of curcuminoids by Escherichia coli carrying an artificial biosynthesis pathway (2008)

Curcuminoids, which are produced specifically by plants of the order Zingiberales, have long been used as food additives because of their aromatic, stimulant and colouring properties and as traditional Asian medicines because of their anti-tumour, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Curcuminoids are therefore attractive targets for metabolic engineering. An artificial curcuminoid biosynthetic pathway, including reactions of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) from the yeast Rhodotorula rubra, 4-coumarate : CoA ligase (4CL) from Lithospermum erythrorhizon and curcuminoid synthase (CUS) from rice (Oryza sativa), a type III polyketide synthase, was constructed in Escherichia coli for the production of curcuminoids. Cultivation of the recombinant E. coli cells in the presence of tyrosine or phenylalanine, or both, led to production of bisdemethoxycurcumin, dicinnamoylmethane and cinnamoyl-p-coumaroylmethane. Another E. coli system carrying 4CL and CUS genes was also used for high-yield production of curcuminoids from exogenously supplemented phenylpropanoid acids: p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid and ferulic acid. The yields of curucminoids were up to approximately 100 mg l(-1). Furthermore, this system gave approximately 60 mg curcumin l(-1) from 10 g rice bran pitch, an industrial waste discharged during rice edible oil production, as a source of ferulic acid.
Large-Scale Hierarchical Organization of Nanowires for Functional Nanosystems (2004)

We review recent studies of solution-based hierarchical organization of nanowire building blocks. Nanowires have been aligned with controlled nanometer to micrometer scale separation using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, transferred to planar substrates in a layer-by-layer process to form parallel and crossed nanowire structures over centimeter length scales, and then efficiently patterned into repeating arrays of controlled dimensions and pitch using photolithography. The hierarchically-organized nanowires open up key opportunities in several general areas of nanoscale science and technology. First, hierarchically-assembled nanowire arrays have been used as masks to define nanometer scale metal lines and surface features over large areas. Second, hierarchically-assembled nanowire arrays have been used to fabricate fully-scalable centimeter size arrays of field-effect transistors in high yields without requiring alignment of individual nanowires to output electrodes. Diverse applications of this approach for enabling a broad range of functional nanosystems, including macroelectronic and sensing applications, are described.
Structure–property relationship in heat‐set poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers. I. Structure and morphology (1984)

Abstract Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers having a range of structure and morphology were prepared by heat‐setting commercial PET yarn at temperatures of 100–250°C for 5 min under two conditions, while the yarn was free to relax and when it was held taut at constant length. The crystallinity, crystallinity orientation, and crystallite size were determined by X‐ray diffraction while birefringence was measured with the help of optical microscopy. The amorphous orientation factor was computed from the structural parameters. The coupling between the crystalline and amorphous regions was determined using the Takayanagi model. While crystallinity and crystallite orientation values for the corresponding samples of the free‐annealed and taut‐annealed series did not show very large differences, the free‐annealed samples had much lower amorphous orientation, especially when heat‐set at higher temperatures. Also while the free‐annealed samples showed a predominantly series type of coupling between the crystalline and amorphous regions, the taut‐annealed samples showed a significant degree of parallel coupling. It is shown that samples in which there is distinct phase separation between the crystalline and amorphous regions have a predominantly series type coupling.
Comparison of two dose regimens of arginine vasopressin in advanced vasodilatory shock (2007)

AVP dosages of 0.067 IU/min seem to be more effective to reverse cardiovascular failure in vasodilatory shock requiring high norepinephrine dosages than 0.033 IU/min.
Assessment of Immunogenicity of Human Melan-A Peptide Analogues in HLA-A*0201/Kb Transgenic Mice (1999)

Previous studies have shown that substitution of single amino acid residues in human Melan-A immunodominant peptides Melan-A27-35 and Melan-A26-35 greatly improved their binding and the stability of peptide/HLA-A*0201 complexes. In particular, one Melan-A peptide analogue was more efficient in the generation of Melan-A peptide-specific and melanoma-reactive CTL than its parental peptide in vitro from human PBL. In this study, we analyzed the in vivo immunogenicity of Melan-A natural peptides and their analogues in HLA-A*0201/Kb transgenic mice. We found that two human Melan-A natural peptides, Melan-A26-35 and Melan-A27-35, were relatively weak immunogens, whereas several Melan-A peptide analogues were potent immunogens for in vivo CTL priming. In addition, induced Melan-A peptide-specific mouse CTL cross-recognized natural Melan-A peptides and their analogues. More interestingly, these mouse CTL were also able to lyse human melanoma cell lines in vitro in a HLA-A*0201-restricted, Melan-A-specific manner. Our results indicate that the HLA-A*0201/Kb transgenic mouse is a useful animal model to perform preclinical testing of potential cancer vaccines, and that Melan-A peptide analogues are attractive candidates for melanoma immunotherapy.
“intelligent” polymers in medicine and biotechnology (1995)

Abstract One can define “intelligent” polymers as those polymers which respond with large property changes to small physical or chemical stimuli. These polymers may be in various forms, such as in solution, on surfaces, or as solids. One may also combine “intelligent” aqueous polymer systems with biomolecules, to yield a large family of polymers which respond “intelligently” to physical, chemical or biological stimuli. This article overviews such interesting and versatile polymer systems.
Infrared spectroscopy: shedding light on synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2002)

The spectral regions where differences occurred were in the absorption bands related to tissue oxygenation status, allowing the provocative implication that this technique could be detecting ischaemic changes within the joint. Near-infrared spectroscopy may thus be able to provide us with some information about the biochemical changes associated with synovitis.
A Phase II Study of Oportuzumab Monatox: An Immunotoxin Therapy for Patients with Noninvasive Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ Previously Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (2012)

Oportuzumab monatox was effective and well tolerated in patients with bacillus Calmette-Guérin refractory carcinoma in situ of the bladder. These results demonstrate the clinical benefit of oportuzumab monatox and support its continued development for the second line treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.