gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Genome of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Subtype 2 (1988)

The genome structure of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) subtype 2 was shown by electron microscopic studies and restriction endonuclease site mapping to comprise two covalently linked segments (L, 109 kbp; S, 35 kbp). The S segment contains a unique sequence (US) flanked by a substantial inverted repeat (TRS/IRS). Thus, the genome structure of EHV-1 subtype 2 is similar to that published previously for EHV-1 subtype 1, but the two subtypes differ in the occurrences of EcoRI and BamHI restriction sites. Hybridization studies using cloned EHV-1 DNA showed that the genome of EHV-1 subtype 2 is colinear with the genomes of EHV-1 subtype 1 and herpes simplex virus type 1. DNA sequence data for four EHV-1 subtype 2 genes, including one potentially encoding a glycoprotein, were obtained by sequencing a 4574 bp BamHI fragment containing the junction between US and TRS. The genome structure, hybridization and sequence data confirm that EHV-1 subtype 2 is of the alphaherpesvirus lineage.
Hollow Fiber Immobilized L-asparaginase: In Vivo and in Vitro Immunological Studies (1983)

The enzyme L-asparaginase was covalently immobilized on the inner surface of the hollow fibers utilized in a commercially available dialyzer by the periodate method. After sterilization with gamma radiation the bioreactor was able to metabolize in vivo, 90 per cent of circulating asparagine in two hours. The absence in blood of asparaginase-related protein fragments, released from the hollow fiber immobilized enzyme, was monitored using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Hydrophobic, regiospecific guest binding by transition-metal host complexes having permanent voids as revealed by FT-NMR relaxation studies (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrophobic, regiospecific guest binding by transition-metal host complexes having permanent voids as revealed by FT-NMR relaxation studiesThomas J. Meade, Whei Lu. Kwik, Norman. Herron, Nathaniel W. Alcock, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 8, 1954–1962Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00268a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00268a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Involvement of interleukin-1 and lipocortin-1 in ischaemic brain damage. (1993)

The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) is synthesised within the brain and acts as a mediator of host defence responses to disease and injury. Several of these central actions of IL-1 are inhibited by an endogenous calcium and phospholipid binding protein, lipocortin-1. Synthesis of IL-1 and lipocortin-1 in the brain is markedly increased by neuronal damage, and inhibition of the actions of endogenous IL-1 by central injection of IL-1 receptor antagonist in the rat significantly inhibits ischaemic and excitotoxic brain damage. Lipocortin-1 appears to act as an endogenous neuroprotective agent that markedly attenuates ischaemic and excitotoxic damage. In contrast, inhibition of the actions of lipocortin-1 by injection of neutralising antiserum exacerbates both forms of neurodegeneration. The mechanisms underlying these effects of IL-1 and lipocortin-1 are largely unknown, but are probably independent of changes in body temperature. Actions of these molecules on corticotrophin releasing factor, arachidonic acid, excitatory amino acids, and nitric oxide, and the possible involvement of these factors in brain damage are discussed.
Reverse Micelle Synthesis and Characterization of ZnSe Nanoparticles (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTReverse Micelle Synthesis and Characterization of ZnSe NanoparticlesForest T. Quinlan, Joerg Kuther, Wolfgang Tremel, Wolfgang Knoll, Subhash Risbud, and Pieter StroeveView Author Information Center on Polymer Interfaces and Macromolecular Assemblies (CPIMA), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Institut fur Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat, Mainz D-55099, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Mainz D-55128, Germany Cite this: Langmuir 2000, 16, 8, 4049–4051Publication Date (Web):March 15, 2000Publication History Received13 July 1999Revised18 January 2000Published online15 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la9909291https://doi.org/10.1021/la9909291brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2579Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Micelles,Nanoparticles,Photoluminescence,Physical and chemical processes Get e-Alerts
A 1,000,000 transistor microprocessor (2003)

The authors describe a 1,000,000-transistor single-chip microprocessor which uses RISC (reduced-instruction-set-computer) design techniques, parallel instruction execution, a 64-bit data bus, and supercomputer architectural concepts. To achieve balanced performance, one-third of the chip area is devoted to integer instructions, including a 32-bit integer core, paging unit, and bus unit; one-third is devoted to floating-point instructions, including the floating-point control unit, add and multiply units, and a 3-D graphics unit; and one-third to three instruction and data caches. The integer unit and floating-point add and multiply units can execute in parallel to provide up to three operations per clock. Bringing the instruction and data caches on-chip allows an aggregate data rate of 1.2 Gbytes/s, which is necessary to support the parallel execution. At 50 MHz, the device achieves 105000 dhrystones and 21 MFLOPs (million floating-point operations per second) in the double-precision Linpack inner loop. The chip size is 10 mm*15 mm using a 1- mu m double-metal CHMOS process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Cyclotide Fingerprint in Oldenlandia affinis: Elucidation of Chemically Modified, Linear and Novel Macrocyclic Peptides (2007)

The complete suite of cyclotides present in Oldenlandia affinis (Rubiaceae), the plant that was originally found to contain this unique family of circular proteins, has been characterised. This study expands the number of known cyclotides in this plant to 17, of which nine new sequences (kalata B9-B17) were characterised in this work. In addition, five derivatives that contain oxidation products of the conserved tryptophan were identified, and it was shown that the formation of these derivatives is catalysed by exposure to sunlight. Furthermore, we describe two "linear" cyclotide analogues. These acyclic peptides have three intact disulfide bonds, and their N and C termini coincide with the hypothesised cleavage sites from the precursor protein. This work increases our knowledge about the sequence variation that is accommodated by the cyclic cystine knot scaffold, confirms its applicability as a template for drug design, and also shows the first natural degradation pathways for cyclotides. These pathways have important implications for the persistence and environmental fate of the cyclotides if used as crop-protection agents.
Knowledge‐based protein secondary structure assignment (1995)

We have developed an automatic algorithm STRIDE for protein secondary structure assignment from atomic coordinates based on the combined use of hydrogen bond energy and statistically derived backbone torsional angle information. Parameters of the pattern recognition procedure were optimized using designations provided by the crystallographers as a standard-of-truth. Comparison to the currently most widely used technique DSSP by Kabsch and Sander (Biopolymers 22:2577-2637, 1983) shows that STRIDE and DSSP assign secondary structural states in 58 and 31% of 226 protein chains in our data sample, respectively, in greater agreement with the specific residue-by-residue definitions provided by the discoverers of the structures while in 11% of the chains, the assignments are the same. STRIDE delineates every 11th helix and every 32nd strand more in accord with published assignments.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Soluble Polyimide/Titania Hybrid Thin Films (2006)

Abstract Summary: In this study high‐refractive‐index polyimide/titania hybrid optical thin films were successfully prepared using a sol‐gel process combined with spin coating and multistep baking. The hybrid thin films were prepared from a soluble polyimide, a coupling agent, and a titania precursor. Transparent hybrid thin films can be obtained at TiO 2 content as high as 40 wt.‐%. The FE‐SEM results suggest that the TiO 2 particles in the hybrid thin films have diameters in the nanometer range. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the prepared hybrid materials are above those of the respective polyimide except for the highest TiO 2 content hybrids. The refractive indices at 633 nm of the prepared hybrid thin films increase linearly from 1.66 to 1.82 with increasing TiO 2 content. The excellent optical transparency, thermal stability, and tunable refractive index provide the potentials of the polyimide/titania hybrid thin films in optical applications. magnified image
Bistable Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (1992)

Abstract : This work takes both theoretical and experimental paths in the study of how optical microcavities influence light emission from semiconductors. Computer simulation is used to guide the development of physical models for spontaneous and stimulated emission under the cavity influence, with experimental demonstrations used as tests of the models and to gain further insight. Initial experimental device results have demonstrated that bistability can be achieved in the VCSEL, but the source of the bistability has not been clearly defined as of yet in our experimental work. We have demonstrated the usefulness of our particular device design, as evidenced in our optical switching to achieve optical memory, described in Publications 1 and 6. An intriguing possibility for the source of the bistability lies in the details of an optically thin gain region and its placement in the Fabry-Perot microcavity. The bistability then might arise due to changes in the field overlap with the gain region when the device bias is increased from below lasing to above threshold.
A 24-GHz High-Gain Yagi–Uda Antenna Array (2004)

A compact 24-GHz Yagi-Uda antenna has been developed using standard design tables and simple scaling to take into account the added capacitance due to the supporting dielectric substrate. The antenna results in a directivity of 9.3 dB, a front-to-back ratio of 11 dB, and a bandwidth of 2.5-3%. The Yagi-Uda antenna has been implemented in an 11-beam system using a planar array and a 2-inch Teflon spherical lens. The measured patterns show a 22 dB gain beam, a cross-polarization level of -24 dB, and a crossover level of -6 dB. The design method presented in this paper is quite straightforward, and can be used to develop low-, medium-, and even high-gain endfire Yagi-Uda antennas.
Acute and Chronic Effects of T-1032, a Novel Selective Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor, on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats. (2002)

We examined the hemodynamic property of T-1032 (methyl 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-1-oxo-7-(2-pyridylmethoxy)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxylate sulfate), a novel selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, and evaluated the chronic effect of T-1032 on cardiac remodeling and its related death in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. T-1032 (1, 10, 100 micro g/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) without a change in heart rate. The change in RVSP was more potent than that in MAP with 1 micro g/kg T-1032 treatment (RVSP: -8.2+/-1.2%, mean arterial pressure: -5.7+/-1.2%), and reductions in RVSP and MAP reached a peak at doses of 1 and 10 micro g/kg, respectively. In contrast, nitroglycerin (0.1, 1, 10 micro g/kg, i.v.) and beraprost (0.1, 1 micro g/kg, i.v.) did not cause a selective reduction in RVSP at any dose. When T-1032 (300 ppm in diet) was chronically administered, it delayed the death, and significantly suppressed right ventricular remodeling (T-1032-treated: 0.318+/-0.021 g, control: 0.401+/-0.013 g, p<0.05). Our present results suggest that T-1032 selectively reduces RVSP, and resulting in the suppression of right ventricular remodeling with a delay of the death in MCT-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats.
The formation process of cube texture during the final annealing in high-purity aluminum foil. (2001)

The purpose of the present work is to clarify the factors that cause the difference between the 99%–foil and the 98%–foil in volume fraction of cube component in high-purity aluminum foils for electrolytic capacitors. The growth behavior of the cube-oriented grains during the final annealing was investigated in detail using SEM–EBSP technique. A remarkable difference was seen in grain size and distribution of the cube and R components between the two foils at the heating point of 300°C during the final annealing. On the basis of these results, the formation process of the residual non-cube grains that are controlled by the difference in the grain size distribution of cube grains after primary recrystallization is discussed. It was thought that the maximum grain diameter is an influential factor in the process, and it depends on the thickness of the foil. Furthermore, it was discussed that the size distribution of cube-grains after primary recrystallization is affected by the factors that exert influence on the driving force of grain boundary movement. These factors are the heating rate in the final annealing, the reduction rate in light-rolling and particularly the size distributions of cube nuclei formed after the intermediate annealing.
Mobile multimedia communication (2002)

Multimedia, in the sense of combined sound and picture has been a reality for quite some time. If we, however, speak about Mobile Multimedia, the products offered is much more limited in number. From the users point of view Mobile Multimedia opens up communication freedom never experienced before. What are these upcoming products and how are they manufactured? Manufacturing of the small portable multimedia terminals cheaply enough is a challenging task, but a lot more are required to offer versatile Mobile Multimedia services to customers. The challenges lie also in the network technology, compression technology, service provision, application design, and user interface design. This paper concentrates on the questions related to design and manufacturing of cellular multimedia products like video telephony and laptop terminals. Nokia being world wide very large on cellular phones and transmission network equipment is investing largely in Mobile Multimedia research especially at Nokia Research Center, where this paper is created.
Symmetric-strand packaging of recombinant parvovirus LuIII genomes that retain only the terminal regions (1995)

LuIII is an autonomous parvovirus which encapsidates either strand of its genome with similar efficiency in NB324K cells. Two parvoviruses closely related to LuIII, minute virus of mice (MVM) and H-1 virus, encapsidate primarily the minus strand of their genome when grown in the same cell type. It has been postulated that an AT-rich region unique to LuIII is responsible for symmetric encapsidation of plus- and minus-strand genomes by LuIII. To address this hypothesis, recombinant LuIII-luciferase genomes containing or lacking the AT-rich sequence (AT) were packaged into LuIII virions. Hybridization of strand-specific probes to DNA from these virions revealed that either strand of the genome was packaged regardless of the presence of AT. In addition, encapsidation of both strands of the AT+ LuIII-luciferase genome into MVM and H-1 virions was observed, suggesting that MVM and H-1 viral proteins are not responsible for the minus-strand packaging bias of these two viruses. Alignment of the published LuIII and MVMp sequences shows that AT exists as an insertion into an element that, in MVM, binds cellular proteins. We suggest that in LuIII, AT disrupts binding of these cellular proteins, allowing encapsidation of either strand.
Third-generation inhibitors targeting EGFR T790M mutation in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (2016)

The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are widely used in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, EGFR T790M mutation leads to resistance to most clinically available EGFR TKIs. Third-generation EGFR TKIs against the T790M mutation have been in active clinical development. These agents include osimertinib, rociletinib, HM61713, ASP8273, EGF816, and PF-06747775. Osimertinib and rociletinib have shown clinical efficacy in phase I/II trials in patients who had acquired resistance to first- or second-generation TKIs. Osimertinib (AZD9291, TAGRISSO) was recently approved by FDA for metastatic EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC. HM61713, ASP8237, EGF816, and PF-06747775 are still in early clinical development. This article reviews the emerging data regarding third-generation agents against EGFR T790M mutation in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.
Separation, Isolation, and Immunological Studies of the Structural Proteins of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus (1974)

Three viral proteins were separated from the TC-83 strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after disruption with sodium dodecyl sulfate and beta-2-mercaptoethanol. These proteins were inoculated into rabbits and the resultant antisera were tested for immunological activity by gel precipitation, plaque reduction neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), complement fixation, fluorescence microscopy, and mouse protection studies. All proteins were capable of stimulating precipitating antibody in rabbits, but the largest protein (VP 1), which is contained in the envelope, stimulated the production of detectable neutralizing and HI antibody against the intact virion. The other two proteins yielded little or no neutralizing or HI antibody.
Intravitreal Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells Protects Rats from Traumatic Optic Neuropathy (2013)

Intravitreal transplantation of hUCBSCs significantly blunted a reduction in optic nerve function through increasing RGC survival and decreasing retinal cell apoptosis. The protective role of transplantation was associated with upregulation of GRP78 expression and downregulation of CHOP expression in retinal cells.
Blind beamforming for non-gaussian signals (1993)

The paper considers an application of blind identification to beamforming. The key point is to use estimates of directional vectors rather than resort to their hypothesised value. By using estimates of the directional vectors obtained via blind identification, i.e. without knowing the array manifold, beamforming is made robust with respect to array deformations, distortion of the wave front, pointing errors etc., so that neither array calibration nor physical modelling is necessary. Rather suprisingly, ‘blind beamformers’ may outperform ‘informed beamformers’ in a plausible range of parameters, even when the array is perfectly known to the informed beamformer. The key assumption on which blind identification relies is the statistical independence of the sources, which is exploited using fourth-order cumulants. A computationally efficient technique is presented for the blind estimation of directional vectors, based on joint diagonalisation of fourth-order cumulant matrices; its implementation is described, and its performance is investigated by numerical experiments.
Creating shareholder value : the new standard for business performance (1986)

Increased annual sales and growth of earnings - these are the usual standards of success for the American corporation. But what does it mean if the company achieves its goals but the value of its stock declines at the same time? According to Rappaport, these companies are judging success by the wrong standards, and often become the target for takeovers. Rappaport argues that the ultimate test of corporate strategy, indeed the only reliable measure, is whether it creates economic value for shareholders.