gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of laminin-5 and its receptors in mammary epithelial cell branching morphogenesis (1997)

In vivo, normal mammary epithelial cells utilize hemidesmosome attachment devices to adhere to stroma. However, analyses of a potential role for hemidesmosomes and their components in mammary epithelial tissue morphogenesis have never been attempted. MCF-10A cells are a spontaneously immortalized line derived from mammary epithelium and possess a number of characteristics of normal mammary epithelial cells including expression of hemidesmosomal associated proteins such as the two bullous pemphigoid antigens, alpha 6 beta 4 integrin and its ligand laminin-5. More importantly, MCF-10A cells readily assemble mature hemidesmosomes when plated onto uncoated substrates. When maintained on matrigel, like their normal breast epithelial cell counterparts, MCF-10A cells undergo a branching morphogenesis and assemble hemidesmosomes at sites of cell-matrigel interaction. Function blocking antibodies specific for human laminin-5 and the alpha subunits of its two known receptors (alpha 3 beta 1 and alpha 6 beta 4 integrin) not only inhibit hemidesmosome assembly by MCF-10A cells but also impede branching morphogenesis induced by matrigel. Our results imply that the hemidesmosome, in particular those subunits comprising its laminin-5/integrin 'backbone', play an important role in morphogenetic events. We discuss these results in light of recent evidence that hemidesmosomes are sites involved in signal transduction.
Enhanced Emission and Its Switching in Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles (2002)

A new class of organic nanoparticles (CN-MBE nanoparticles) with a mean diameter of ca. 30-40 nm, which exhibit a strongly enhanced fluorescence emission, were prepared by a simple reprecipitation method. CN-MBE (1-cyano-trans-1,2-bis-(4'-methylbiphenyl)ethylene) is very weakly fluorescent in solution, but the intensity is increased by almost 700 times in the nanoparticles. Enhanced emission in CN-MBE nanoparticles is attributed to the synergetic effect of intramolecular planarization and J-type aggregate formation (restricted excimer formation) in nanopaticles. On/off fluorescence switching for organic vapor was demonstrated with CN-MBE nanoparticles.
Viral Infection Modulates Expression of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (1999)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a granulomatous, inflammatory lung disease caused by inhalation of organic Ags, most commonly thermophilic actinomycetes that cause farmer's lung disease. The early response to Ag is an increase in neutrophils in the lung, whereas the late response is a typical Th1-type granulomatous disease. Many patients who develop disease report a recent viral respiratory infection. These studies were undertaken to determine whether viruses can augment the inflammatory responses in HP. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to the thermophilic bacteria Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (SR) for 3 consecutive days per wk for 3 wk. Some mice were exposed to SR at 2 wk after infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), whereas others were exposed to SR after exposure to saline alone or to heat-inactivated RSV. SR-treated mice developed a typical, early neutrophil response and a late granulomatous inflammatory response. Up-regulation of IFN-gamma and IL-2 gene expression was also found during the late response. These responses were augmented by recent RSV infection but not by heat-inactivated RSV. Mice with a previous RSV infection also had a greater early neutrophil response to SR, with increased macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2, murine equivalent of IL-8) release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These studies suggest that viral infection can augment both the early and late inflammatory responses in HP.
Cell-to-Cell Signaling and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (1998)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium responsible for severe nosocomial infections, life-threatening infections in immunocompromised persons, and chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The bacterium's virulence depends on a large number of cell-associated and extracellular factors. Cell-to-cell signaling systems control the expression and allow a coordinated, cell-density-dependent production of many extracellular virulence factors. We discuss the possible role of cell-to-cell signaling in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections and present a rationale for targeting cell-to-cell signaling systems in the development of new therapeutic approaches.
The Isolation of Reticulocyte-Free Human Red Blood Cells (2007)

We depleted reticulocytes from erythrocytes of both sickle cell disease (SCD) subjects and healthy controls by four methods: fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), Miltenyi immunomagnetic depletion (MACS), a combination of these methods (FACS + MACS) and Percoll density separation. The efficiency of these methods was assessed by new methylene blue staining and manual enumeration of the reticulocytes. FACS sorted erythrocytes from reticulocytes based on size and granularity, as well as the absence of dsDNA staining. MACS depleted reticulocytes from erythrocytes based on the immunoaffinity to CD36 and CD71. Reticulocytes from healthy controls were depleted to <or=0.1% using either the FACS or MACS method (alpha = 0.1). Reticulocytes from SCD subjects were depleted from 13.6% +/- 0.52% to 5.45% +/- 0.33% using MACS (n = 2), and from 10.9% +/- 0.47% to 2.0% +/- 0.2% using FACS (n = 4, alpha = 0.05). When combining FACS with MACS (n=3), the percentage of reticulocytes was decreased in SCD samples from 13.0% +/- 0.51% down to 1.5% +/- 0.17% (alpha = 0.1). Sedimentation through 75% percoll resulted in control and SCD samples being reduced from 0.27% +/- 0.6 (control) and 6.93% +/- 0.8 (SCD) reticulocytes to < 4.8 reticulocytes per million control RBCs and <2.5 per million SCD RBCs. This same method results in <2.1 leukocytes per million control RBCs and <3.7 per million SCD RBCs. We conclude that the percoll density method described here is the most effective method for isolating RBCs for proteomic analysis.
Grosses Mises, Meprises, Mainmises: Regard Sur la Litteratie (2004)

Diabetes is frequently associated with the combination of hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol level, a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the frequency of elevated serum triglyceride and the reduced HDL cholesterol levels in Japanese male NIDDM patients. Hypertriglyceridemia (>1.69 mmol/l) and low HDL cholesterol level (<0.91 mmol/l) were frequently found in Japanese male (NIDDM patients (30.4 and 14.2%, respectively). The combined abnormality, i.e., hypertriglyceridemia with concomitant low HDL cholesterol level, was more common in patients with poor glycemic control. We observed that inpatient diet therapy markedly reduced serum triglyceride but serum HDL cholesterol did not change significantly. This is in marked contrast to primary hypertriglyceridemia, in which HDL cholesterol level generally increases in parallel with a reduction in serum triglyceride level. We discuss the defective removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and ineffective HDL production caused by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency. We also discuss possible correction of this combined abnormality by certain maneuvers that increase LPL activity.
Interaction of FKBP12-FK506 with Calcineurin A at the B Subunit-binding Domain (1995)

Calcineurin is a calcium-dependent protein phosphatase that plays a pivotal role in antigen-stimulated T cell activation. The complexes formed between the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A and FK506 and their respective intracellular binding proteins (immunophilins) block T cell activation by binding to calcineurin. Recent studies have shown that the immunophilin-immunosuppressant complexes interact with the latch region of the calcineurin B subunit (Milan, D., Griffith, J., Su, M., Price, E. R., and McKeon, F. (1994) Cell 79, 437-447). Mutations in the B subunit-binding domain of the calcineurin A subunit result in a reduction of calcineurin activity that correlates with B binding affinity. Calcineurin A subunit mutants D348A, F350A, W352A, S353A, and E359A lost greater than 90% of their activity to activate the transcription factor NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. Furthermore, calcineurin A subunit mutants of residues Thr351, Leu354, and Lys360 showed NF kappa B transactivation activity and phosphatase activity with increased resistance to FKBP12-FK506 but displayed no or minimal increase in resistance for cyclosporin A inhibition. Together, these results strongly suggest that the B subunit-binding domain is required for calcineurin activity intracellulary and interacts with the FKBP12-FK506 complex.
Low frost-point humidity generator (1973)

A low frost-point humidity generator has been developed at NBS to provide a capability for calibration, testing and research at very low levels of water vapor content in such gases as atmospheric air, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The generator produces frost points from -30 to -100 °C at ambient pressures from 500 to 200,000 pascals (0.005 to 2 atm.). This is equivalent to mixing ratios of 4 × 10<sup>-6</sup> to 51 grams of water vapor per kilogram of dry air and to vapor pressures of 1.4 × 10 <sup>-3</sup> to 38 pascals. The generated test gas can be fed to a test chamber with independent temperature control between +25 and -100 °C. The uncertainty of the frost point in the test chamber is estimated not to exceed 0.05 deg C. Intercomparisons with a frost-point hygrometer as well as two gravimetric checks gave results which in all cases agreed to within 0.2 deg C in frost-point temperature.
KRAS Mutation Is a Predictor of Oxaliplatin Sensitivity in Colon Cancer Cells (2012)

Molecular biomarkers to determine the effectiveness of targeted therapies in cancer treatment have been widely adopted in colorectal cancer (CRC), but those to predict chemotherapy sensitivity remain poorly defined. We tested our hypothesis that KRAS mutation may be a predictor of oxaliplatin sensitivity in CRC. KRAS was knocked-down in KRAS-mutant CRC cells (DLD-1(G13D) and SW480(G12V)) by small interfering RNAs (siRNA) and overexpressed in KRAS-wild-type CRC cells (COLO320DM) by KRAS-mutant vectors to generate paired CRC cells. These paired CRC cells were tested by oxaliplatin, irinotecan and 5FU to determine the change in drug sensitivity by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Reasons for sensitivity alteration were further determined by western blot and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT -PCR). In KRAS-wild-type CRC cells (COLO320DM), KRAS overexpression by mutant vectors caused excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) downregulation in protein and mRNA levels, and enhanced oxaliplatin sensitivity. In contrast, in KRAS-mutant CRC cells (DLD-1(G13D) and SW480(G12V)), KRAS knocked-down by KRAS-siRNA led to ERCC1 upregulation and increased oxaliplatin resistance. The sensitivity of irinotecan and 5FU had not changed in the paired CRC cells. To validate ERCC1 as a predictor of sensitivity for oxaliplatin, ERCC1 was knocked-down by siRNA in KRAS-wild-type CRC cells, which restored oxaliplatin sensitivity. In contrast, ERCC1 was overexpressed by ERCC1-expressing vectors in KRAS-mutant CRC cells, and caused oxaliplatin resistance. Overall, our findings suggest that KRAS mutation is a predictor of oxaliplatin sensitivity in colon cancer cells by the mechanism of ERCC1 downregulation.
Efficacy of spray-drying to reduce infectivity of pseudorabies and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) viruses and seroconversion in pigs fed diets containing spray-dried animal plasma1 (2005)

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate viral inactivation by the spray-drying process used in the production of spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP). In Exp. 1, bovine plasma was inoculated with pseudorabies virus (PRV) grown in PK 15 cells. Three 4-L batches were spray-dried in the same manner and conditions of industrial SDAP production but with laboratory spray-drying equipment. Presence of infectivity was determined before and after spray-drying by microtiter assay in PK 15 cell cultures. Before spray-drying, all three samples contained 10(5.3) tissue culture infectious dose50 (TCID50)/mL of PRV. After four consecutive passages, no viable virus was detected in samples of spray-dried bovine plasma. In Exp. 2, bovine plasma was inoculated with porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS) virus propagated previously in MARC cell culture to provide approximately 10(6.3) TCID50/mL. Three 4-L batches were spray-dried in the same manner as Exp. 1. Before spray-drying, samples contained TCID50 of 10(4.0), 10(3.5), and 10(3.5)/mL, respectively. After four consecutive passages in MARC cell cultures, no viable virus was detected in spray-dried bovine plasma. In Exp. 3, 36 weaned piglets (28 d of age) were fed a common diet for 14 d and were determined to be negative for PRV, PRRS, and porcine parvovirus titer. Afterwards, pigs were allotted to six pens with six pigs per pen and fed diets containing either 0 or 8% SDAP (as-fed basis) for 63 d. The SDAP used in the feed contained antibody (titer 1:400) against porcine parvovirus. Blood samples were collected from pigs on d 0 and 63 to determine whether feeding SDAP caused seroconversion and development of antibodies against parvovirus, PRRS, or PRV. Inclusion of SDAP in the diet improved growth of pigs without seroconversion. Spray-drying conditions used in this study were effective in eliminating viable pseudorabies and PRRS viruses from bovine plasma. In this study, feeding SDAP that contained functional antibodies did not promote seroconversion in naïve animals.
Heterogeneous Basic Catalysis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterogeneous Basic CatalysisHideshi HattoriCite this: Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 3, 537–558Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00035a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views8515Altmetric-Citations845LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Superior Capacity Retention Spinel Oxyfluoride Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2006)

Spinel (, Ni, and Cu) oxyfluoride cathodes have been synthesized by firing the cation-substituted oxides with at a moderate temperature of . With this low-temperature approach, fluorine contents up to could be incorporated into the spinel lattice. The oxyfluoride compositions such as exhibit excellent capacity retention at with capacities over and good rate capability. The superior electrochemical performance is found to be due to a smaller lattice parameter difference between the two cubic phases formed during the charge-discharge process and the consequent suppressed manganese dissolution.
Encoded LED system for optical trackers (2005)

Since introducing a hybrid vision-inertial tracker using passive fiducial markers, we have encountered several applications in which the use of encoded LEDs would be preferable to paper fiducials. This includes small-scale applications requiring higher precision, and applications where the size of the target, or the range of viewing angles, or operation in the dark is important. We present a novel technique to encode LEDs without any need for synchronization between the LEDs and cameras. By using amplitude modulation codes instead of blinking binary codes, the LED is always on, and can therefore be tracked after it has been decoded at an arbitrary or even non-periodic frame rate with no missed data.
PPLN-based all-optical 40 Gbit/s three-input logic AND gate for both NRZ and RZ signals (2008)

Reported is an all-optical high-speed three-input logic AND gate using cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation (cSFG/DFG) in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. The converted idler wave via cSFG/DFG carries the AND result of the three-input signals. PPLN-based 40 Gbit/s three-input logic AND operations for both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) signals are successfully demonstrated in the experiment.
Polymerization of liposomes composed of diene‐containing lipids by radical initiators. II. Polymerization of monodiene‐type lipids as liposomes (1987)

Abstract 1‐Palmitoyl‐2(2,4‐octadecadienoyl)‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (POPC), a polymerizable lipid that contains one diene group in only a 2‐acyl chain, was polymerized as liposome in an aqueous medium. Polymerization was initiated by water‐insoluble azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), or water‐soluble azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPD). AIBN was mixed with monomeric lipids, and the mixture was dispersed in an aqueous medium by sonication to prepare AIBN‐containing monomeric lipid liposomes. On the other hand, AAPD was simply added to the liposome suspension. The POPC liposomes were easily polymerized by the addition of AAPD, a water‐soluble radical initiator, but few were polymerized by AIBN. The results suggested that the diene group in the 2‐acyl chain was in an aqueous phase and, therefore, easily polymerized by a water‐soluble radical initiator. The polymerized POPC liposomes were revealed to be more stable than those of monomeric ones because the scattered‐light intensity from the polymerized POPC liposome suspension changed a little by the addition of Triton X‐100. For only the polymerized ones, the liposome structure was confirmed by TEM after addition of an excess amount of Triton X‐100.
Role of N‐cadherin in bone formation (2002)

Cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherins is essential for the function of bone forming cells during osteogenesis. Here, the evidence that N-cadherin is an important regulator of osteoblast differentiation and osteogenesis is reviewed. Osteoblasts express a limited number of cadherins, including the classic N-cadherin. The expression profile of N-cadherin in osteoblasts during bone formation in vivo and in vitro suggests a role of this molecule in osteogenesis. Functional studies using neutralizing antibodies or antisense oligonucleotides indicate that N-cadherin is involved in the control the expression of osteoblast marker gene expression and differentiation. Cleavage of N-cadherin during osteoblast apoptosis also suggests a role of N-cadherin-mediated-cell-cell adhesion in osteoblast survival. Hormonal and local factors that regulate osteoblast function also regulate N-cadherin expression and subsequent cell-cell adhesion associated with osteoblast differentiation or survival. Signaling mechanisms involved in N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and osteoblast gene expression have also been identified. Alterations of N-cadherin expression are associated with abnormal osteoblast differentiation and osteogenesis in pathological conditions. These findings indicate that N-cadherin plays a role in normal and pathological bone formation and provide some insight into the process involved in N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and differentiation in osteoblasts.
Targeting glioblastoma multiforme with an IL-13/diphtheria toxin fusion protein in vitro and in vivo in nude mice (2002)

Fusion proteins composed of tumor binding agents and potent catalytic toxins show promise for intracranial therapy of brain cancer and an advantage over systemic therapy. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form of brain cancer and overexpresses IL-13R. Thus, we developed an interleukin-13 receptor targeting fusion protein, DT(390)IL13, composed of human interleukin-13 and the first 389 amino acids of diphtheria toxin. To measure its ability to inhibit GBM, DT(390)IL13 was tested in vitro and found to inhibit selectively the U373 MG GBM cell line with an IC(50) around 12 pmol/l. Cytotoxicity was neutralized by anti-human-interleukin-13 antibody, but not by control antibodies. In vivo, small U373 MG glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice completely regressed in most animals after five intratumoral injections of 1 microg of DT(390)IL13 q.o.d., but not by the control fusion protein DT(390)IL-2. DT(390)IL13 was also tested against primary explant GBM cells of a patient's excised tumor and the IC(50) was similar to that measured for U373 MG. Further studies showed a therapeutic window for DT(390)IL13 of 1-30 microg/injection and histology studies and enzyme measurements showed that the maximum tolerated dose of DT(390)IL13 had little effect on kidney, liver, spleen, lung and heart in non-tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice. Together, these data suggest that DT(390)IL13 may provide an important, alternative therapy for brain cancer.
Development of in vitro assays for the detection of botulinum toxins in foods (1999)

Currently the only accepted method for the detection of botulinum neurotoxin in contaminated samples is the mouse bioassay. Although highly sensitive this test has a number of drawbacks: it is expensive to perform, lacks specificity and involves the use of animals. With increasing resistance to such animal tests there is a need to replace the bioassay with a reliable in vitro test. Over the past six years it has been demonstrated that all the botulinum neurotoxins act intracellularly as highly specific zinc endoproteases, cleaving proteins involved in the control of secretion of neurotransmitters. In the work described, this enzymatic activity has been utilised in assay formats for the detection in foods of neurotoxin of the serotypes involved in food-borne outbreaks in man. These assays have been shown to have a greater sensitivity, speed and specificity than the mouse bioassay. It is envisaged that such assays will prove realistic alternatives to animal-based tests.