gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aminoalkylphenols as Antimalarials. II.1 (Heterocyclic-amino)-α-amino-o-cresols. The Synthesis of Camoquin2 (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAminoalkylphenols as Antimalarials. II.1 (Heterocyclic-amino)-α-amino-o-cresols. The Synthesis of Camoquin2J. H. Burckhalter, F. H. Tendick, Eldon M. Jones, Patricia A. Jones, W. F. Holcomb, and A. L. RawlinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 4, 1363–1373Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01184a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01184a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views855Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The role of hepatic transferrin receptor 2 in the regulation of iron homeostasis in the body (2014)

Fine tuning of body iron is required to prevent diseases such as iron-overload and anemia. The putative iron-sensor, transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2), is expressed in the liver and mutations in this protein result in the iron-overload disease Type III hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). With the loss of functional TfR2, the liver produces about two-fold less of the peptide hormone hepcidin, which is responsible for negatively regulating iron uptake from the diet. This reduction in hepcidin expression leads to the slow accumulation of iron in the liver, heart, joints, and pancreas and subsequent cirrhosis, heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes. TfR2 can bind iron-loaded transferrin in the bloodstream, and hepatocytes treated with transferrin respond with a two-fold increase in hepcidin expression through stimulation of the BMP-signaling pathway. Loss of functional TfR2 or its binding partner, the original HH protein (HFE), results in a loss of this transferrin-sensitivity. While much is known about the trafficking and regulation of TfR2, the mechanism of its transferrin-sensitivity through the BMP-signaling pathway is still not known.
Thermal Conductivity of Silicon and Germanium from 3°K to the Melting Point (1964)

The thermal conductivity $K$ of single crystals of silicon has been measured from 3 to 1580\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and of single crystals of germanium from 3 to 1190\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. These measurements have been made using a steady-state, radial heat flow apparatus for $T&gt;300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K and a steady-state, longitudinal flow apparatus for $T&lt;300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K to give absolute $K$ values. This radial flow technique eliminates thermal radiation losses at high temperatures. The accuracy of both the low-temperature apparatus and the high-temperature apparatus is approximately \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5%. Some special experimental techniques in using the high-temperature apparatus are briefly considered. At all temperatures the major contribution to $K$ in Si and Ge is produced by phonons. The phonon thermal conductivity has been calculated from a combination of the relaxation times for boundary, isotope, three-phonon, and four-phonon scattering, and was found to agree with the experimental measurements. Above 700\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K for Ge and 1000\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K for Si an electronic contribution to $K$ occurs, which agrees quite well with the theoretical estimates. At the respective melting points of Si and Ge, electrons and holes are responsible for 40% of the total $K$ and phonons are responsible for 60%. The measured electronic $K$ yields values for the thermal band gap at the melting point of 0.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1 eV for Si and 0.26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08 eV for Ge.
Relationship between plasma angiotensionII and renal function in cirrhotic patients (2004)

Objective To clarify the relationship between plasma angiotension Ⅱ (AⅡ)and ascites as well as renal function in cirrhotic patients . Methods Thirty-nine cirrhotic patients were selected for evaluations of their renal function by radionuclide renogram,plasma ATⅡ, endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr),serum sodium and 24 h urinary sodium excretion. Results Compared with the normal values in healthy persons (34.30～90.70 pg/ml), the plasma ATⅡ levels in liver cirrhotic patients [(290.31±47.45) pg/ml] were significantly increased (P0.05). The plasma AⅡ levels of cirrhotics with ascites(386.23±76.42 pg/ml) were higher than those without ascites[(112.86 ±22.54) pg/ml,P0.05]. Moreover, the plasma ATⅡ levels in Child-Pugh grade C patients were higher than those of Child-Pugh grade A and B patients (P0.05). The degree of increase in 24 hours urine sodium excretion was negatively correlated with plasma ATⅡ(r=-0.52,P0.05), but it had no correlation with ascites and renel plasma flow. The serum sodium level was negatively correltated with plasma ATⅡlevel(r=-0.67,P0.01). In cases with low serum sodium levels, the plasma ATⅡlevels [(546.23±131.59) pg/ml] were more increased significantly than those in normal subjects [(120.74±17.15) pg/ml] (P0.01), but the serum sodium level had no correlation with renal plasma flow, Ccr and renal function. Conclusion In different stages of liver cirrhosis , the levels of plasma ATⅡ are different.The plasma ATⅡ can take part in cirrhotic ascites formation. The mechanism may involve water and sodium retention and a tendency of dilutional hyponatremia, but not related with the renal plasma flow.
Contribution of antibody production against neuraminidase to the protection afforded by influenza vaccines (2012)

Vaccines are instrumental in controlling the burden of influenza virus infection in humans and animals. Antibodies raised against both major viral surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), can contribute to protective immunity. Vaccine-induced HA antibodies have been characterized extensively, and they generally confer protection by blocking the attachment and fusion of a homologous virus onto host cells. Although not as well characterized, some functions of NA antibodies in influenza vaccine-mediated immunity have been recognized for many years. In this review, we summarize the case for NA antibodies in influenza vaccine-mediated immunity. In the absence of well-matched HA antibodies, NA antibodies can provide varying degrees of protection against disease. NA proteins of seasonal influenza vaccines have been shown in some instances to elicit serum antibodies with cross-reactivity to avian-origin and swine-origin influenza strains, in addition to HA drift variants. NA-mediated immunity has been linked to (i) conserved NA epitopes amongst otherwise antigenically distinct strains, partly attributable to the segmented influenza viral genome; (ii) inhibition of NA enzymatic activity; and (iii) the NA content in vaccine formulations. There is a potential to enhance the effectiveness of existing and future influenza vaccines by focusing greater attention on the antigenic characteristics and potency of the NA protein.
Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration with a low citrate dose regional anticoagulation protocol and a phosphate-containing solution: effects on acid–base status and phosphate supplementation needs (2013)

The proposed RCA-CVVHDF protocol ensured appropriate acid-base balance without additional interventions, providing prolonged filter life despite adoption of a higher target circuit-Ca(2+). The introduction of a phosphate-containing solution, in the setting of RCA, significantly reduced CRRT-related phosphate depletion.
Light-based therapies in acne treatment (2015)

The use of light and laser in the treatment of acne is increasing as these modalities are safe, effective, and associated with no or minimal complications when used appropriately. These light and laser sources are also being used in combination with pharmacological and/or physical measures to synergize their effects and optimize the therapeutic outcome. This review focuses on optical devices used in treating acne and serves to delineate the current application of various methods, including their utility and efficacy.
Consistent Viral Evolutionary Changes Associated with the Progression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (1999)

To understand the high variability of the asymptomatic interval between primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and the development of AIDS, we studied the evolution of the C2-V5 region of the HIV-1 env gene and of T-cell subsets in nine men with a moderate or slow rate of disease progression. They were monitored from the time of seroconversion for a period of 6 to 12 years until the development of advanced disease in seven men. Based on the analysis of viral divergence from the founder strain, viral population diversity within sequential time points, and the outgrowth of viruses capable of utilizing the CXCR4 receptor (X4 viruses), the existence of three distinct phases within the asymptomatic interval is suggested: an early phase of variable duration during which linear increases ( approximately 1% per year) in both divergence and diversity were observed; an intermediate phase lasting an average of 1.8 years, characterized by a continued increase in divergence but with stabilization or decline in diversity; and a late phase characterized by a slowdown or stabilization of divergence and continued stability or decline in diversity. X4 variants emerged around the time of the early- to intermediate-phase transition and then achieved peak representation and began a decline around the transition between the intermediate and late phases. The late-phase transition was also associated with failure of T-cell homeostasis (defined by a downward inflection in CD3(+) T cells) and decline of CD4(+) T cells to </=200 cells/microliter. The strength of these temporal associations between viral divergence and diversity, viral coreceptor specificity, and T-cell homeostasis and subset composition supports the concept that the phases described represent a consistent pattern of viral evolution during the course of HIV-1 infection in moderate progressors. Recognition of this pattern may help explain previous conflicting data on the relationship between viral evolution and disease progression and may provide a useful framework for evaluating immune damage and recovery in untreated and treated HIV-1 infections.
Topical Hazard Evaluation Program of Candidate Insect Repellent AI3-31537-b, USDA Proprietary Compound. (1977)

AI3-31537-b was evaluated on New Zealand White rabbits for its potential to cause skin and eye irritation. The data obtained serve as a basis for making a recommendation concerning its potential use on humans. This recommendation is intended only for guidance in further entomological testing of this compound. No further testing is planned for AI3-31537-b because of the irritations produced. (Author)
Major Antigenic Proteins of the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Are Encoded by Members of a Multigene Family (1998)

Western blot analysis of proteins from a cell culture isolate (USG3) of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent has identified a number of immunoreactive proteins, including major antigenic proteins of 43 and 45 kDa. Peptides derived from the 43- and 45-kDa proteins were sequenced, and degenerate PCR primers based on these sequences were used to amplify DNA from USG3. Sequencing of a 550-bp PCR product revealed that it encodes a protein homologous to the MSP-2 proteins of Anaplasma marginale. Concurrently, an expression library made from USG3 genomic DNA was screened with granulocytic Ehrlichia (GE)-positive immune sera. Analysis of two clones showed that they contain one partial and three full-length highly related genes, suggesting that they are part of a multigene family. Amino acid alignment showed conserved amino- and carboxy-terminal regions which flank a variable region. The conserved regions of these proteins are also homologous to the MSP-2 proteins of A. marginale; thus, they were designated GE MSP-2A (45 kDa), MSP-2B (34 kDa), and MSP-2C (38 kDa). The PCR fragment obtained as a result of peptide sequencing was completely contained within the msp-2A clone, and all of the sequenced peptides were found in the GE MSP-2 proteins. Recombinant MSP-2B protein and an MSP-2A fusion protein were expressed in Escherichia coli and reacted with human sera positive for the HGE agent by immunofluorescence assay. These data suggest that the 43- and 45-kDa proteins of the HGE agent are encoded by members of the GE MSP-2 multigene family.
Synthesis and Magnetic Studies of Uniform Iron Nanorods and Nanospheres (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis and Magnetic Studies of Uniform Iron Nanorods and NanospheresSang-Jae Park, Seungsoo Kim, Suyoun Lee, Zheong G. Khim, Kookrin Char, and Taeghwan HyeonView Author Information School of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Department of Physics and Center for Strongly Correlated Materials Research Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 35, 8581–8582Publication Date (Web):August 18, 2000Publication History Received12 May 2000Published online18 August 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001628chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001628crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8862Altmetric-Citations527LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Iron,Magnetic properties,Nanoparticles,Nanorods,Nanospheres Get e-Alerts
Suspended animation for delayed resuscitation. (1996)

Suspended animation is defined as the therapeutic induction of a state of tolerance to temporary complete systemic ischemia, i.w., protection-preservation of the whole organism during prolonged circulatory arrest ( > or = 1 hr), followed by resuscitation to survival without brain damage. The objectives of suspended animation include: a) helping to save victims of temporarily uncontrollable (internal) traumatic (e.g., combat casualties) or nontraumatic (e.g., ruptured aortic aneurysm) exsanguination, without severe brain trauma, by enabling evacuation and resuscitative surgery during circulatory arrest, followed by delayed resuscitation; b) helping to save some nontraumatic cases of sudden death, seemingly unresuscitable before definite repair; and c) enabling selected (elective) surgical procedures to be performed which are only feasible during a state of no blood flow. In the discussion session, investigators with suspended animation-relevant research interests brainstorm on present knowledge, future research potentials, and the advisability of a major research effort concerning this subject. The following topics are addressed: the epidemiologic facts of sudden death in combat casualties, which require a totally new resuscitative approach; the limits and potentials of reanimation research; complete reversibility of circulatory arrest of 1 hr in dogs under profound hypothermia ( < 10 degrees C), induced and reversed by portable cardiopulmonary bypass; the need for a still elusive pharmacologic or chemical induction of suspended animation in the field; asanguinous profound hypothermic low-flow with cardiopulmonary bypass; electric anesthesia; opiate therapy; lessons learned by hypoxia tolerant vertebrate animals, hibernators, and freeze-tolerant animals (cryobiology); myocardial preservation during open-heart surgery; organ preservation for transplantation; and reperfusion-reoxygenation injury in vital organs, including the roles of nitric oxide and free radicals; and how cells (particularly cerebral neurons) die after transient prolonged ischemia and reperfusion. The majority of authors believe that seeking a breakthrough in suspended animation is not utopian, that ongoing communication between relevant research groups is indicated, and that a coordinated multicenter research effort, basic and applied, on suspended animation is justified.
Carbon isotopic fractionation in heterotrophic microbial metabolism (1985)

Differences in the natural-abundance carbon stable isotopic compositions between products from aerobic cultures of Escherichia coli K-12 were measured. Respired CO2 was 3.4% depleted in 13C relative to the glucose used as the carbon source, whereas the acetate was 12.3% enriched in 13C. The acetate 13C enrichment was solely in the carboxyl group. Even though the total cellular carbon was only 0.6% depleted in 13C, intracellular components exhibited a significant isotopic heterogeneity. The protein and lipid fractions were -1.1 and -2.7%, respectively. Aspartic and glutamic acids were -1.6 and +2.7%, respectively, yet citrate was isotopically identical to the glucose. Probable sites of carbon isotopic fractionation include the enzyme, phosphotransacetylase, and the Krebs cycle.
A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm toolbox for computer-aided multiobjective optimization (2001)

This paper presents an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) based multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) toolbox for effective computer-aided multiobjective (MO) optimization. Without the need of aggregating multiple criteria into a compromise function, it incorporates the concept of Pareto's optimality to evolve a family of nondominated solutions distributing along the tradeoffs uniformly. The toolbox is also designed with many useful features such as the goal and priority settings to provide better support for decision-making in MO optimization, dynamic population size that is computed adaptively according to the online discovered Pareto-front, soft/hard goal settings for constraint handlings, multiple goals specification for logical "AND"/"OR" operation, adaptive niching scheme for uniform population distribution, and a useful convergence representation for MO optimization. The MOEA toolbox is freely available for download at http://vlab.ee.nus.edu.sg/-kctan/moea.htm which is ready for immediate use with minimal knowledge needed in evolutionary computing. To use the toolbox, the user merely needs to provide a simple "model" file that specifies the objective function corresponding to his/her particular optimization problem. Other aspects like decision variable settings, optimization process monitoring and graphical results analysis can be performed easily through the embedded GUIs in the toolbox. The effectiveness and applications of the toolbox are illustrated via the design optimization problem of a practical ill-conditioned distillation system. Performance of the algorithm in MOEA toolbox is also compared with other well-known evolutionary MO optimization methods upon a benchmark problem.
Neurochemical biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (2012)

Neurochemical biomarkers for diagnosing dementias are currently under intensive investigation and the field is rapidly expanding. The main protagonists and the best defined among them are cerebrospinal fluid levels of Aβ42, tau and its phosphorylated forms (p-tau). In addition, novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are emerging and their multiparametric assessment seems most promising for increasing the accuracy in neurochemical dementia diagnostics. The combined assessment of Aβ42 and p-tau has recently shown value for diagnosing prodromal states of Alzheimer's dementia, that is, mild cognitive impairment. Disease-specific biomarkers for other degenerative dementias are still missing, but some progress has recently been made. As lumbar puncture is an additional burden for the patient, blood-based neurochemical biomarkers are definitely warranted and promising new discoveries have been made in this direction. These diagnostic developments have implicit therapeutic consequences and give rise to new requirements for future neurochemical dementia diagnostics.
Organ-Specific and Hormone-Dependent Expression of Genes for Serine Carboxypeptidases during Development and Following Germination of Rice Grains (1994)

Several cDNA clones encoding either serine carboxypeptidases or related proteins of Oryza sativa L. were identified, and the abundance of the corresponding mRNA in immature and germinated grains was examined. The deduced amino acid sequence of each cDNA included key sequences, such as a pentapeptide (G-X-S-X-G/A) that is conserved among many serine carboxypeptidases, and the putative protein products were classified as two general and one novel type of cereal serine carboxypeptidases. Two general types exhibited considerable homology to type I and type III carboxypeptidases of cereal plants. The novel type encoded a serine carboxypeptidase-like protein that was very similar to type III carboxypeptidases of barley and wheat but had slight differences in both the N- and the C-terminal sequences. The mRNAs of each of these carboxypeptidases were observed in immature grains, and they decreased during maturation. The abundance of mRNA for each class of carboxypeptidase increased again following germination with the same time course and in a tissue-specific manner. The mRNAs for type I and type III-like carboxypeptidases were abundant in germinated embryos composed of leaf, root, and scutellum, whereas the mRNA for type III carboxypeptidase was conspicuous in endosperm that contained the aleurone layer. Altered amounts of mRNA in deembryonated half-grains in response to phytohormones, such as gibberellic acid and abscisic acid, were only detectable in the case of type III carboxypeptidase. Southern blot analysis using rice genomic DNA revealed the simple organization of each gene for these three classes of carboxypeptidases.