gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A flexural-plate-wave microbial sensor (2003)

Flexural-plate-wave sensors have been used for the monitoring of the metabolism of gel-immobilized yeast. In one configuration, gel layers directly on the sensor contain the microbes and also prevent non-specific adsorption of proteins and cells onto the sensor surface. In other experiments, sensors have measured the density of solution flowing into and out of a test tube filled with yeast-containing gel beads. From the theoretical sensitivity of flexural-plate-wave sensors to perturbations in liquid density, the authors have related observed frequency shifts to physiological variables.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The small ribosomal subunit from Thermus thermophilus at 4.5 Å resolution: Pattern fittings and the identification of a functional site (1999)

The electron density map of the small ribosomal subunit from Thermus thermophilus, constructed at 4.5 A resolution, shows the recognizable morphology of this particle, as well as structural features that were interpreted as ribosomal RNA and proteins. Unbiased assignments, carried out by quantitative covalent binding of heavy atom compounds at predetermined sites, led to the localization of the surface of the ribosomal protein S13 at a position compatible with previous assignments, whereas the surface of S11 was localized at a distance of about twice its diameter from the site suggested for its center by neutron scattering. Proteins S5 and S7, whose structures have been determined crystallographically, were visually placed in the map with no alterations in their conformations. Regions suitable to host the fold of protein S15 were detected in several positions, all at a significant distance from the location of this protein in the neutron scattering map. Targeting the 16S RNA region, where mRNA docks to allow the formation of the initiation complex by a mercurated mRNA analog, led to the characterization of its vicinity.
Matrix Stiffness–Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation Is Mediated by Intrinsic Mechanotransduction (2012)

The mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix have recently been shown to promote myofibroblast differentiation and lung fibrosis. Mechanisms by which matrix stiffness regulates myofibroblast differentiation are not fully understood. The goal of this study was to determine the intrinsic mechanisms of mechanotransduction in the regulation of matrix stiffness-induced myofibroblast differentiation. A well established polyacrylamide gel system with tunable substrate stiffness was used in this study. Megakaryoblastic leukemia factor-1 (MKL1) nuclear translocation was imaged by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy. The binding of MKL1 to the α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) gene promoter was quantified by quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Normal human lung fibroblasts responded to matrix stiffening with changes in actin dynamics that favor filamentous actin polymerization. Actin polymerization resulted in nuclear translocation of MKL1, a serum response factor coactivator that plays a central role in regulating the expression of fibrotic genes, including α-SMA, a marker for myofibroblast differentiation. Mouse lung fibroblasts deficient in Mkl1 did not respond to matrix stiffening with increased α-SMA expression, whereas ectopic expression of human MKL1 cDNA restored the ability of Mkl1 null lung fibroblasts to express α-SMA. Furthermore, matrix stiffening promoted production and activation of the small GTPase RhoA, increased Rho kinase (ROCK) activity, and enhanced fibroblast contractility. Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK abrogated stiff matrix-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization, MKL1 nuclear translocation, and myofibroblast differentiation. This study indicates that actin cytoskeletal remodeling-mediated activation of MKL1 transduces mechanical stimuli from the extracellular matrix to a fibrogenic program that promotes myofibroblast differentiation, suggesting an intrinsic mechanotransduction mechanism.
A fast high-voltage amplifier for driving piezoelectric positioners (2000)

A dc-coupled high-voltage amplifier suitable for driving piezoelectric positioners in both linear and stepping modes is described. The amplifier provides a bipolar output of up to 200 V and 340 mA, and has a maximum slew rate of 300 V/μs.
Tetrazine–trans-cyclooctene ligation for the rapid construction of 18F labeled probes (2010)

A radiolabeling method for bioconjugation based on the Diels-Alder reaction between 3,6-diaryl-s-tetrazines and an (18)F-labeled trans-cyclooctene is described. The reaction proceeds with exceptionally fast rates, making it an effective conjugation method within seconds at low micromolar concentrations.
Enhancement of Ocular Drug Penetration (1999)

Although new drugs have recently been developed within the field of ophthalmology, the eye's various defense mechanisms make it difficult to achieve an effective concentration of these drugs within the eye. Drugs administered systemically have poor access to the inside of the eye because of the blood-aqueous and blood-retinal barriers. And although topical instillation of drugs is very popular in ophthalmology, topically applied drugs are rapidly eliminated from the precorneal area. In addition, the cornea, considered a major pathway for ocular penetration of topically applied drugs, is an effective barrier to drug penetration, since the corneal epithelium has annular tight junctions (zonula occludens), which completely surround and effectively seal the superficial epithelial cells. Various drug-delivery systems have been developed to increase the topical bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs by enhancement of the ocular drug penetration. The first approach is to modify the physicochemical property of drugs by chemical and pharmaceutical means. An optimum promoiety can be covalently bound to a drug molecule to obtain a prodrug that can chemically or enzymatically be converted to the active parent drug, either within the cornea or after the corneal penetration. Along these same lines, the transient formation of a lipophilic ion pair by ionic bonding is also useful for improving ocular drug penetration. The second approach is to modify the integrity of the corneal epithelium transiently by coadministration of an amphiphilic substance or by chelating agents that act as drug-penetration enhancers. The third approach modifies the integrity of the corneal epithelium transiently by physical techniques including iontophoresis and phonophoresis. This paper reviews the absorption behavior and ocular membranes penetration of topically applied drugs, and the various approaches for enhancement of ocular drug penetration in the eye.
Ten-Year Incidence of Retinal Vein Occlusion in an Older Population (2006)

Older age (> or =70 years), increasing mean arterial blood pressure, and atherosclerotic retinal vessel signs were significant predictors of incident RVO.
Production of mucin degrading sulphatase and glycosidases by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (1991)

Journal Article Production of mucin degrading sulphatase and glycosidases by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Get access H.H. Tsai, H.H. Tsai *Departments of Medicine, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A. Hart, C.A. Hart †Departments of Medical Microbiology, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. Rhodes J.M. Rhodes *Departments of Medicine, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 13, Issue 2, 1 August 1991, Pages 97–101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1991.tb00580.x Published: 01 August 1991 Article history Received: 03 May 1991 Accepted: 09 May 1991 Published: 01 August 1991
Hydantoin based epoxy resins (1992)

During recent years, various hydantoin based heterocyclic glycidyl amine resins have been developed. In these resins the presence of nitrogen containing heterocycle provides extensive variation in polarity, viscosity and hydrophobicity by the choice of alkyl groups. Most of these resins have low viscosity, high polarity and long pot life ensuring easy wetting and good adhesion. These resins can provide useful properties for casting, fibrous reinforcement, adhesives and coatings. In the present work, two resins, 1‐glycidyl‐ 3‐glycidyloxymethyl‐5, 5‐dimethylhydantoin and 1‐glycidyl‐3‐(2‐glycidyloxybutyl)‐5, 5‐dimethylhydantoin have been prepared using 5, 5‐dimethylhydantoin as the starting raw material. The resins have also been characterised for their various physical and chemical properties.
Murine Models of Renal Disease: Possibilities and Problems in Studies Using Mutant Mice (2000)

The elucidation of the pathogenesis of human renal disease at the molecular level has been facilitated by the growing field of gene targeting and the development of mouse strains with single-gene deletions - the 'knock-out' mice. Experimental nephrology, therefore, requires well-characterized and reliable models of human renal disease that can be induced reproducibly in mice. Today surgical procedures for the induction of renal ischemia, chronic renal failure, and ureter obstruction are feasible in mice. Models of mesangioproliferative or crescentic glomerulonephritis, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial disease are readily available; however, these depend heavily on the mouse genetic background. Attention to the genetic background and appropriate backcrossing are, therefore, of great importance in the design and interpretation of experimental studies, especially in transgenic mice. Simple murine models displaying the clinical features of other human renal diseases such as IgA nephropathy, membranous glomerulonephritis, and renal vasculitis are still lacking. Mouse strains that spontaneously develop distinct renal pathologies similar to lupus nephritis and focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis can be intercrossed with transgenic mice to study the impact of single-gene deletions on the renal phenotype. The present review provides a survey about currently available spontaneous and inducible murine models of renal disease with special attention to problems and future perspectives for their use in transgenic animals.
Thoracoscopic Splanchnicectomy for Pain Control in Irresectable Pancreatic Cancer (2008)

Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy is a safe, simple, and effective minimally invasive procedure. It offers a substantial relief of pain in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.
Highly Sulfated Dermatan Sulfates from Ascidians (1998)

Dermatan sulfates with the same backbone structure [4-alpha-L-IdceA-1-->3-beta-D-GalNAc-1]n but with different patterns of sulfation substitutions have been isolated from the ascidian body. All the ascidian dermatan sulfates have a high content of 2-O-sulfated alpha-L-iduronic acid residues but differ in the pattern of sulfation of the N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine units. Styela plicata and Halocynthia pyriformis have 4-O-sulfated units, but in Ascidian nigra they are 6-O-sulfated. This collection of ascidian dermatan sulfates (together with native and oversulfated mammalian dermatan sulfate), where the extent and position of sulfate substitution have been fully characterized, were tested in anticoagulant assays. Dermatan sulfate from A. nigra has no discernible anticoagulant activity, which indicates that 4-O-sulfation of the N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine is essential for the anticoagulant activity of this glycosaminoglycan. In contrast dermatan sulfates from S. plicata and H. pyriformis are potent anticoagulants due to potentiation of thrombin inhibition by heparin cofactor II. These ascidian dermatan sulfates have approximately 10-fold and approximately 6-fold higher activity with heparin cofactor II than native and an oversulfated mammalian dermatan sulfate, respectively. They have no effect on thrombin or factor Xa inhibition by antithrombin. These naturally oversulfated ascidian dermatan sulfates are sulfated at selected sites required for interaction with heparin cofactor II and thus have specific and potent anticoagulant activity.
Printing Process Suitable for Reel-to-Reel Production of High-Performance Organic Transistors and Circuits (1999)

Organic transistors and circuitry with micrometer-scale critical dimensions generated with high-resolution and at low cost is the aim of the research described here. Microcontact printing is used to pattern source and drain electrodes and the appropriate interconnections at 1 μm resolution. The remaining components are then patterned on top of these electrodes using low-resolution techniques. This new strategy has many of the characteristics necessary for rapid, reel-to-reel processing, which is important for the cost-effective exploitation of organic molecules in microelectronics.
The non-line of sight problem in mobile location estimation (2002)

We consider the problem of tracking mobile stations using the ranging measurements from multiple base stations (BSs), without a priori knowledge of which BSs (if any) have a direct line of sight (LOS) range measurement. The two key contributions of this paper are to show that (1) it is possible to discriminate between LOS versus non-LOS (NLOS) measurements at each BS by using the time history of its range measurements in a simple hypothesis testing problem and (2) it is possible to correct the NLOS ranging error by exploiting a priori knowledge of the statistical characteristics of the system's standard measurement noise. Simulation examples are presented and the RMS error is compared to the Cramer Rao lower bound on location estimation.
Combination Therapy with Oral Tacrolimus (FK506) and Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine for Treatment-Refractory Crohnʼs Disease Perianal Fistulae (1999)

Our aim was to report the clinical experience with combination treatment using tacrolimus and either azathioprine (AZA) or 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) perianal fistulae. The medical records of all patients with Crohn's disease perianal fistulae seen at the Mayo Clinic from 1996-1998 who were treated with tacrolimus were reviewed. Clinical response was classified as: complete response, partial response, and nonresponse. Eleven patients were treated with oral tacrolimus for a mean duration of 22 weeks. The initial oral dose of tacrolimus ranged from 0.15 to 0.31 mg/kg/day. Azathioprine or 6MP was continued in combination with tacrolimus in seven patients and initiated simultaneously with tacrolimus in four patients. All patients improved clinically, seven had a complete response, and four had a partial response. The mean time to initial improvement was 2.4 weeks, and the mean time to complete response was 12.2 weeks. The most frequent adverse events were nausea, paresthesias, nephrotoxicity, and tremor. Patients with nephrotoxicity had a significantly higher mean initial tacrolimus dose (0.31 mg/kg/day) compared with patients who did not have nephrotoxicity (0.25 mg/kg/day) (p = 0.035); however, there was not a statistically significant association between the starting dose or mean blood level and clinical response. Combination therapy with oral tacrolimus and AZA or 6MP may be effective treatment for CD perianal fistulae. Higher initial tacrolimus doses increase the risk of nephrotoxicity without improving clinical response.
Regulation of Leukocyte Transmigration: Cell Surface Interactions and Signaling Events (2004)

A fundamental event in the inflammatory response is recruitment of blood leukocytes to a site of injury or infection, often resulting in tissue dysfunction and damage. The steps in this recruitment process are leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial lining of the vessel wall, diapedesis, or
Combination of proximal and remote sensing methods for rapid soil salinity quantification (2014)

Salt affected soils are pervasive in semiarid and arid regions worldwide. Traditionally, soil salinity has been measured via electrical conductivity (EC). This study evaluated the feasibility of using three different methods for prediction of surface soil salinity, namely visible near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VisNIR DRS), portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry, and remote sensing (RS). Two saline playas were evaluated in West Texas, USA featuring 91 and 74 soils collected via random stratified sampling at 0–5 cm and representing a wide variety of soil salinity from high levels inside the playa bottoms to lower levels on the annulus and surrounding uplands. Samples were subjected to PXRF and VisNIR DRS scanning under laboratory conditions, and compared to Landsat spectral data and traditional laboratory analyses of salinity (e.g., 1:5 v/v suspensions). Results showed a broad range of EC (1:5) (0.028 to 43.41 dS m− 1). Derived from PXRF, both Cl and S were significantly and positively correlated with log10 transformed EC (1:5). VisNIR partial least squares prediction models produced strong residual prediction deviations (RPDs) of 2.49–2.91. Validation statistics of Savitzky–Golay support vector regression outperformed all other VisNIR models tested with an RPD of 3.1. The model using Landsat band reflectance alone produced lowest prediction accuracy (RPD = 1.27). While the performance of each technique produced variable success independently, combining the three techniques produced the highest predictability (RPD = 3.35). Given that, laboratory determination of EC (1:5) is time consuming and all three types of data (VisNIR DRS, PXRF, and RS) are being quick and easy to collect, their synthesis in predictive models offers excellent potential for providing soil salinity measurements comparable to standard, laboratory derived data. Furthermore, remotely sensed data can potentially be used to map topsoil salinity across large areas with suitable calibrations.
A new mutant transthyretin (Arg 10) associated with familial amyloid polyneuropathy. (1992)

We report a new kindred with systemic amyloidosis presenting as peripheral neuropathy in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Polymorphism in exon 2 of the transthyretin (TTR) gene was suggested by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and determined by direct DNA sequencing. We also developed restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis by polymerase chain reaction using a primer with an induced mutation. The point mutation (cytosine for thymine at position 1038 of the TTR gene) is responsible for substitution of arginine for cysteine at position 10 of the TTR molecule. It is hypothesised that the TTR molecules which have no cysteine have a unique structure in heterozygous TTR polymers and are responsible for amyloid fibril formation.
Isolation of Drosophila CREB-B: A Novel CRE-Binding Protein (1993)

CREB is a DNA-binding protein that stimulates gene transcription upon activation of the cAMP signaling pathway. The mammalian CREB protein consists of an amino-terminal transcriptional activation domain and a carboxy-terminal DNA-binding domain comprised of a basic region and a leucine zipper. Recent studies have shown that the mammalian CREB is one of many transcription factors that can bind to the cAMP regulated enhancer (CRE) sequence. Consequently, a complete understanding of regulation through the CRE sequence requires the elucidation of how the various CRE-binding proteins interact with each other. To accomplish this goal, we have begun to characterize the family of CRE-binding proteins in a system that is amenable to genetic manipulations, Drosophila melanogaster. We have previously cloned a protein designated dCREB-A from a Drosophila embryonic cDNA library. Here, we describe an additional member of the Drosophila CREB gene family, isolated by screening a lambda gt11 library of adult Drosophila head cDNAs with a multimerized CRE sequence. This protein, dCREB-B, contains 285 amino acids and is remarkably similar within the basic/zipper region to the corresponding portion of mammalian CREB. In contrast, the dCREB-B and mammalian CREB zipper domains differ considerably from the dCREB-A zipper in both length and composition. However, the putative DNA binding domains for all three proteins are highly conserved. The activator region of dCREB-B is completely different from that of both mammalian CREB and dCREB-A. Northern blot analysis shows that multiple transcripts of the dCREB-B gene are expressed in embryonic and adult tissues and that these transcripts arise from both strands of the DNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Biomarkers of sepsis (2009)

Biomarkers promise to transform sepsis from a physiologic syndrome to a group of distinct biochemical disorders. This transformation could aid therapeutic decision making, and hence improve the prognosis for patients with sepsis, but will require an unprecedented degree of systematic investigation and collaboration.
New high-resolution teleradiology system: prospective study of diagnostic accuracy in 685 transmitted clinical cases. (1993)

To compare the accuracy of interpretation of digitized radiographs with that of plain films, the authors prospectively evaluated the first 685 plain film cases (530 adult and 155 pediatric cases, each of which consisted of one or more images) transmitted from an outpatient center 18 miles (approximately 29 km) to a hospital radiology department by means of a high-speed teleradiology system. Plain films were digitized and transmitted via a T-1 (1.544 Mbit/sec) data link for display on high-resolution (2,560 x 2,048-pixel) workstations. Radiologists at the hospital used a copy of the radiology requisition that had been faxed from the remote center. Interpretation of the digital images was followed by review of the original plain radiographs within 1 working day. Discrepant interpretations occurred in 18 cases (2.6%) (sensitivity, 96%; specificity, 99%); an arbitration panel decided that they were associated with observer performance more than with the fidelity of the digital display. It is concluded that primary diagnosis without review of the original plain radiographs is feasible with state-of-the-art teleradiology systems.
The long-term outcome after acute renal failure (2006)

The long-term survival after acute renal failure is poor. Yet, most survivors recover sufficient function to become independent from renal replacement therapy. While perceived health-related quality of life is good, survivors have a lower health-related quality of life compared with the general population. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between survival, markers of morbidity and costs after acute renal failure.
Topical Amphotericin B and Subconjunctival Injection of Fluconazole (Combination Therapy) Versus Topical Amphotericin B (Monotherapy) in Treatment of Keratomycosis (2010)

Combination therapy of topical amphotericin B eye drops with subconjunctival injection of fluconazole was more efficient (according to the percentage and the duration of healing of the ulcers) than the use of topical amphotericin B eye drops alone in dealing with cases of fungal keratitis--it may be contributed to the broad spectrum of the antifungal agents of the combination therapy than the monotherapy.
Effective targeting of prostate cancer by lymphocytes redirected by a PSMA × CD3 bispecific single‐chain diabody (2010)

The PSMA × CD3 bsc diabody bears a high potential for the immunotherapy of prostate cancer.
Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Neisseria elongata subsp. elongata in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome (2007)

A case is reported of prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Neisseria elongata subsp. elongata in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome. This is believed to be only the third case of endocarditis reported due to this subspecies. N. elongata is difficult to identify, and is morphologically and biochemically similar to Kingella spp. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene is useful for identification. The patient was successfully treated with amoxicillin and gentamicin, followed by ceftriaxone.