gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring GPS signals indoors (1997)

Precise measurement of GPS signals inside buildings is made possible by a combination of high resolution analog to digital conversion, a separate reference channel from an external antenna, and long coherent averaging times. We simultaneously downconvert the signals from both outdoor and indoor using identical downconverters with the local oscillators phase locked. These signals are then digitized at 25.6 MHz with 12 bits in records as long as 160 milliseconds, and are stored in RAM. The outdoor signal is then processed via FFT-based cross correlation calculations in MATLAB . These results are used to account for Doppler shift and remove navigational data bits from the indoor signal. After calibrating relative cable delays and path gains, we make precise measurements of the relative signal strengths and times of arrival (TOAs) of the indoor and outdoor signals. We detect indoor signals as much as 60 dB below their signal levels outdoors and can consistently find five or more satellites at any given time. Due to short-delay multipath contamination of the indoor signal, the TOAs contain an average error on the order of 200 ns, which translates to a pseudorange error of nearly 60 meters. In an attempt to remove these errors, TOAs were recalculated by measuring the slope of the leading edge of the cross correlation function. No significant improvement was obtained by this alternate method.
A dimeric bispecific miniantibody combines two specificities with avidity (1998)

Bispecific antibodies extend the capabilities of nature and might be applied in immunotherapy and biotechnology. By fusing the gene of a single-chain Fv (scFv) fragment to a helical dimerization domain, followed by a second scFv fragment of different specificity, we were able to express a functional protein in E. coli, which is bispecific and has two valencies for each specificity. The dimeric bispecific (DiBi) miniantibody preserves the natural avidity of antibodies in a very small-sized molecule of only 120 kDa. The generality of the principle was shown with a scFv fragment binding the EGF-receptor (named scFv 425) in three combinations with scFv fragments either directed against CD2 (ACID2.M1), phosphorylcholine (McPC603) or fluorescein (FITC-E2). Binding was analyzed by sandwich surface plasmon resonance biosensor (BIAcore) measurements.
Near-lossless coding of high quality digital audio: first results (1993)

First results on the feasibility of near-lossless quality audio coding systems using transform coding techniques are presented. The results are based on simulation runs at bit rates between 3 and 8 bit/sample. They were tested using both a maximum residual noise amplitude criterion and a perceptual measurement technique, noise-to-mask-ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Barley MLO Modulator of Defense and Cell Death Is Responsive to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Stimuli (2002)

Lack of the barley (Hordeum vulgare) seven-transmembrane domain MLO protein confers resistance against the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). To broaden the basis for MLO structure/function studies, we sequenced additional mlo resistance alleles, two of which confer only partial resistance. Wild-type MLO dampens the cell wall-restricted hydrogen peroxide burst at points of attempted fungal penetration of the epidermal cell wall, and in subtending mesophyll cells, it suppresses a second oxidative burst and cell death. Although the Bgh-induced cell death in mlo plants is spatially and temporally separated from resistance, we show that the two processes are linked. Uninoculated mutant mlo plants exhibit spontaneous mesophyll cell death that appears to be part of accelerated leaf senescence. Mlo transcript abundance increases in response to Bgh, rice (Oryza sativa) blast, wounding, paraquat treatment, a wheat powdery mildew-derived carbohydrate elicitor, and during leaf senescence. This suggests a broad involvement of Mlo in cell death protection and in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Purification of two calcium/calmodulin-dependent forms of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase by using conformation-specific monoclonal antibody chromatography (1982)

A procedure for nondenaturing immunopurification of bovine calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide 5'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.17) is described that utilizes chromatography on a conformation-specific monoclonal antibody column. Hybridomas derived from spleen cells of mice immunized with Ca(2+)/calmodulin/phosphodiesterase were screened for antiphosphodiesterase antibody production. A stable cell line was established that secretes a monoclonal antibody that binds to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin/enzyme complex with an approximate K(d) of 10(-9) M. The dissociation constant was increased by two orders of magnitude when calmodulin interaction with the enzyme was inhibited by Ca(2+) chelation. This differential reactivity was utilized for affinity chromatography of heart and brain phosphodiesterases on monoclonal antibody columns. Highly purified phosphodiesterases were eluted in good yield with buffer containing EGTA. The immunopurified enzymes from heart and brain exhibited specific activities of approximately 300 units/mg when assayed at millimolar concentrations of cGMP or cAMP. Calmodulin stimulated both enzymes 10- to 15-fold over basal activity under these conditions. However, analysis of the two preparations by NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed an apparent subunit of M(r) 61,000 for the brain enzyme, in contrast to the M(r) 59,000 cardiac subunit. The observed difference was not an artifact of tissue homogenization because both forms were detected after purification from mixed-tissue homogenates. These results suggest that mild, biospecific elution from a conformation-specific monoclonal antibody column may be a general technique applicable to the rapid isolation of proteins whose antigenic determinants can be altered with specific ligands.
THE RELATIVE POTENCIES OF ANTI‐INFLUENZA COMPOUNDS (1977)

The relative potencies of some standard anti-influenza compounds have been examined in vitro by plaque reduction in calf kidney cells, and in vivo by reduction in virus titers of the lungs of infected mice. Strains belonging to the four subtypes H0N1, H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2 were employed to compare the activity of amantadine hydrochloride and ribavirin. In vitro for all strains except A/NWS/OO(H0N1) amantadine hydrochloride was 3-4 times more active than ribavirin. In vivo with sensitive strains amantadine hydrochloride produced a plateau effect at higher dose levels, but at lower dose levels was marginally more active than ribavirin. The sensitivity of A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) to amantadine hydrochloride, rimantadine hydrochloride, cyclooctylamine, and ribavirin was also investigated. In vitro rimantadine hydrochloride was similar in activity to amantadine hydrochloride and ribavirin, but cyclooctylamine was considerably less active. In vivo cyclooctylamine was active only at 150 mg/kg/day, whereas rimantadine hydrochloride produced a plateau effect over a range of concentrations from 9,12-150 mg/kg/day.
MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE OF TIGHT JUNCTIONS (1998)

The tight junction creates a regulated barrier in the paracellular pathway and, together with the actin-rich adherens junction, forms a functional unit called the apical junction complex. A growing number of tight junction-associated proteins have been identified, but functions are defined for only a few. The intercellular barrier is formed by rows of the transmembrane protein occludin, which is bound on the cytoplasmic surface to ZO-1 and ZO-2. These proteins are members of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) protein family and are likely to have both structural and signaling roles. Junctional plaque proteins without known functions include cingulin, p130, and 7H6; single reports describe ZA-1TJ and symplekin. Many cellular signaling pathways affect assembly and sealing of junctions. Transducing proteins, which localize within the junction, include both heterotrimeric and rho-related GTP-binding proteins, PKC-zeta and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. Control of perijunctional actin may be the unifying mechanism for regulating paracellular permeability.
The Value of Glossopexy in Pierre-Robin Syndrome (1960)

THE Pierre-Robin syndrome is a congenital anomaly manifested by glossoptosis, hypoplasia of the mandible, cleft palate, inspiratory retractions of the sternum, cyanosis and malnutrition.1 , 2 It is of particular importance because it is uncommon and in moderate and severe cases leads to respiratory obstruction and death. In the syndrome the infant usually holds his head hyperextended and has stertorous, rasping, labored respirations with sternal retractions (Fig. 1). The poorly fixed tongue tends to be displaced posteriorly, thus obstructing the passage of air when the mouth is closed and causing pressure on the epiglottis that results in closure of the glottis. Therefore, . . .
Synthesis of Oligonucleotide-Intercalator Conjugates Capable to Inhibit HIV-1 DNA Integration (1999)

Abstract This investigation is devoted to design of short “switch” oligonucleotides mono- or bi-functionnalized with intercalating agents capable to form a stable triplex with HIV integrase-cognate sequences and inhibit selectively HIV integration. Methods of intercalator incorporation at 5′- and/or 3′-terminal positions or one of the pyrimidine heterocyclic bases are developed.
Ethnocritical questions for working with translations, interpretation and their stakeholders (1995)

No abstract available.
Effect of surface chelation on the energy of an intraband surface state of a nanocrystalline titania film (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of surface chelation on the energy of an intraband surface state of a nanocrystalline titania filmGareth Redmond, Donald Fitzmaurice, and Michael GraetzelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 27, 6951–6954Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100129a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j100129a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views724Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Impair Natural Killer Cell Function and Exhibit Low Susceptibility to Natural Killer-Mediated Lysis (2011)

Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have been successfully used in treating numerous diseases. However, several aspects need to be considered, particularly in the context of allogeneic cell therapy. To better understand hASCs-host interactions, we studied the phenotype of hASCs and their modulatory effect on natural killer (NK) cells by using bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) as a reference. The hASCs displayed a lower susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis and a lower expression of ligands for DNAM-1 when compared with hBM-MSCs. Moreover, here we demonstrated that hASCs and hBM-MSCs can modulate NK cells through the action of soluble factors such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Altogether, these results suggest that for an adoptive cell therapy based on the transfer of allogeneic hASCs, the NK-hASCs crosstalk will not result in an immediate recognition of the transferred cells. Thus, hASCs may remain in the tissue long enough to balance the immune response before being cleared.
High performance hybrid solar cells sensitized by organolead halide perovskites (2013)

Solid state hybrid solar cells with hybrid organolead halide perovskites (CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3) as light harvesters and p-type polymer poly[N-9-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-3,6-bis(thiophen-5-yl)-2,5-dioctyl-2,5-di-hydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrrole-1,4-dione] (PCBTDPP) as a hole transporting material were studied. The CH3NH3PbBr3-sensitized hybrid devices display an outstanding open circuit voltage (Voc) of ∼1.15 V, and the CH3NH3PbI3-based cells exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼5.55% along with high stability. The present results show that PCBTDPP is superior to the model p-type polymer P3HT as a HTM in these hybrid solar cells to achieve remarkably high Voc and high PCE. The possible mechanisms have been suggested.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics of β2-Microglobulin Binding to the α3 Domain of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Heavy Chain (2001)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule plays a crucial role in cytotoxic lymphocyte function. Functional class I MHC exists as a heterotrimer consisting of the MHC class I heavy chain, an antigenic peptide fragment, and beta2-microglobulin (beta2m). beta2m has been previously shown to play an important role in the folding of the MHC heavy chain without continued beta2m association with the MHC complex. Therefore, beta2m is both a structural component of the MHC complex and a chaperone-like molecule for MHC folding. In this study we provide data supporting a model in which the chaperone-like role of beta2m is dependent on initial binding to only one of the two beta2m interfaces with class 1 heavy chain. beta2-Microglobulin binding to an isolated alpha3 domain of the class I MHC heavy chain accurately models the biochemistry and thermodynamics of beta2m-driven refolding. Our results explain a 1000-fold discrepancy between beta2m binding and refolding of MHC1. The biochemical study of the individual domains of complex molecules is an important strategy for understanding their dynamic structure and multiple functions.
C- versus O-Arylation of an Enol-Lactone Using Potassium tert-butoxide (2003)

The use of potassium tert-butoxide as the base in arylation reactions of an enollactone with a series of benzyl halides was explored. Our work demonstrates that the ratio of C-arylation to O-arylation varies with the substitution pattern of the aryl halide.
Evidence for Elongation of the Helical Pitch of the RecA Filament Upon ATP and ADP Binding Using Small‐Angle Neutron Scattering (1995)

Structural changes of the RecA filament upon binding of cofactors have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering. Both ATP and ADP increased the helical pitch of the RecA homopolymer, which is observed to be 7 nm in the absence of any cofactor. The binding of ATP altered the pitch to 9 nm, whereas the binding of ADP only produced a pitch of 8.2 nm. The pitch determined for the RecA complex with the ATP analog adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate was similar to that found with ATP. Thus, at least three, somewhat different. RecA helical filamentous structures may form in solution. The binding of DNA to RecA did not alter the pitch significantly, indicating that the cofactor binding is the determining factor for the size of the helical pitch of the RecA filament. We also found that elongation of the helical pitch is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition, for the coprotease activity of RecA. The presence of acetate or glutamate ions is also required. The pitch of the ADP.RecA filament is in agreement with that found in the crystal structure. This correlation indicates that this structure corresponds to that of the ADP.RecA filament in solution, although this is not the species active in recombination.
A 3D REAL TIME RENDERING ENGINE FOR BINAURAL SOUND REPRODUCTION (2003)

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD), Boston, MA, July 7-9, 2003.
Clinical Efficacy of Intramuscular Vaccinia Immune Globulin: A Literature Review (2004)

Although controlled clinical trials do not exist to support the use of VIG for treatment of vaccinia-related complications or prophylaxis among individuals with contraindications to smallpox vaccination, available data suggest that VIG reduces morbidity and mortality associated with progressive vaccinia (vaccinia necrosum) and eczema vaccinatum. Furthermore, VIG seems to prevent vaccinial superinfection in patients with inflammatory skin diseases or burns, given the low incidence of vaccina-related complications associated with these conditions.
Increased global fibrinolytic capacity as a clue for activated fibrinolysis in pre-eclampsia (2006)

The aim of this study was to compare fibrinolysis in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia using individual markers of thrombosis and fibrinolysis with the contribution of a new parameter, global fibrinolytic capacity. Coagulation was determined with thrombin-antithrombin complex and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F 1+2) and fibrinolysis markers. Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and global fibrinolytic capacity were determined in 14 normal pregnancies and 29 women with pre-eclampsia. global fibrinolytic capacity was also determined in 14 age-matched healthy women. The Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation test were used for statistical analysis. Thrombin-antithrombin complex, prothrombin fragment 1+2 levels, and global fibrinolytic capacity levels in pre-eclamptic women were significantly higher than in women with normal pregnancies (P < 0.05). Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were also significantly higher in the pre-eclampsia group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05 respectively). No significant correlation was found between global fibrinolytic capacity and thrombin-antithrombin complex, prothrombin fragment 1+2 levels, tissue plasminogen activator or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity. Our results suggest that both thrombin formation and fibrinolysis are increased in pre-eclampsia compared with normal pregnancy. The increased global fibrinolytic capacity indicates that fibrinolysis remains preserved in pre-eclampsia. We suggest that global fibrinolytic capacity may be a useful parameter for accurately measuring in-vivo fibrinolysis globally, instead of with single parameters which may overlook the complex interactions between coagulation and fibrinolytic systems.
Isavuconazole, a broad-spectrum triazole for the treatment of systemic fungal diseases (2014)

The prodrug isavuconazonium sulfate (BAL8557) is an extended-spectrum water-soluble triazole, developed for the treatment of severe invasive and life-threatening fungal diseases. Its active moiety, BAL4815, is a potent inhibitor of ergosterol biosynthesis, resulting in the disruption of fungal membrane structure and function. The active compound shows broad-spectrum of activity and potency against all major opportunistic fungi, such as Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Mucorales, Black yeasts and their filamentous relatives and the true pathogenic fungi, including Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis. It is currently in Phase III clinical development for treatment of aspergillosis, candidiasis and mucormycosis, as well as other rare fungi infections. We reviewed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of isavuconazole, and its microbiological and clinical investigation progress in advanced stages of development.
Double heterostructure GaAs/AlGaAs thin film diode lasers on glass substrates (1989)

The epitaxial liftoff approach has been attracting increasing interest as an alternative to lattice-mismatched heteroepitaxy. A thin-film GaAs double heterostructure injection diode laser fabricated on a glass substrate by the epitaxial liftoff technique is reported. This presages the integration of the two major optical communication materials, III-V semiconductor crystals with SiO/sub 2/ glass.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tailored laser beam shaping for efficient and accurate microstructuring (2018)

Large-area processing with high material removal rates by ultrashort pulsed (USP) lasers is coming into focus by the development of high-power USP laser systems. However, currently the bottleneck for high-rate production is given by slow and inefficient beam manipulation. On the one hand, slow beam deflection with regard to high pulse repetition rates leads to heat accumulation and shielding effects, on the other hand, a conventional focus cannot provide the optimum fluence due to the Gaussian intensity profile. In this paper, we emphasize on two approaches of dynamic laser beam shaping with liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulation and acousto-optic beam shaping. Advantages and limitations of dynamic laser beam shaping with regard to USP laser material processing and methods for reducing the influence of speckle are discussed. Additionally, the influence of optics induced aberrations on speckle characteristics is evaluated. Laser material processing results are presented correlating the achieved structure quality with the simulated and measured beam quality. Experimental and analytical investigations show a certain fluence dependence of the necessary number of alternative holograms to realize homogeneous microstructures.
Monitoring latency with OpenFlow (2013)

Software Defined Networking, especially through protocols like OpenFlow, is becoming more and more present in networks. It aims at separating the data plane from the control plane for more network programmability, serviceability, heterogeneity and maintainability. Even if mobile applications and multimedia are often pointed at to show the demise of current network architectures, there are currently no ways to efficiently dynamically obtain the latency in an OpenFlow network to efficiently apply QoS policies. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to measure link latencies from an OpenFlow controller with high accuracy and a low footprint. We implemented it and present the performance evaluation. A monitoring packet consumes only 24 Bytes, which is 81% less than the ping utility, for an average accuracy of 99.25% compared to the ping values.