gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Tumor Necrosis Factors Alpha and Beta: Application for Affinity Purification, Immunoassays, and as Structural Probes (1987)

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against two structurally related tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), TNF-alpha (previously called tumor necrosis factor) and TNF-beta (previously called lymphotoxin). The potential of these antibodies for the purification of TNFs, the development of specific immunoassays, and for defining the antigenic and functional domains of these cytokines was investigated. None of the monoclonal antibodies cross-reacted with both TNF-alpha and TNF-beta, or reacted with synthetic peptides which represented several of the regions of homology between these cytokines. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were utilized as immunoadsorbents to purify recombinant TNF-alpha and TNF-beta from E. coli lysates. TNFs purified by this method were greater than 98 percent pure by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibited specific activities that were the same as TNFs isolated from natural sources using conventional chromatographic techniques. In addition, specific ELISA assays were developed that could detect less than 1 ng/ml of TNF-alpha or TNF-beta, and in contrast to bioassays, could discriminate between these related cytokines.
Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (2018)

In this international study of CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in adults, high rates of durable responses were produced with the use of tisagenlecleucel. (Funded by Novartis; JULIET ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02445248 .).
Über eine neue Synthese von Tetraaryl‐imidazolen und Pentaaryl‐imidazolium‐Salzen (1968)

Abstract Aus Derivaten des ms ‐[ N ‐Acyl‐anilino]‐desoxybenzoins 3 entstehen durch Einwirkung von Phosphorpentachlorid substituierte ms ‐[ N ‐(α‐Chlor‐aryliden)‐anilinio]‐desoxybenzoin‐chloride 4 . Bei der Umsetzung mit überschüssigem Ammoniak gehen diese in 1.2.4.5‐tetraaryl‐substituierte Imidazole 5 über. Setzt man 4 mit primären Aminen um, so bilden sich Derivate der N ‐Desyl‐amidinium‐chloride 6 , die bei Einwirkung von Thionylchlorid Wasser abspalten und unter Ringschluß in 1.2.3.4.5‐pentaaryl‐substituierte Imidazolium‐Salze 7 übergehen. Eine größere Zahl neuer Imidazolderivate war auf dem beschriebenen Weg in guten Ausbeuten zugänglich.
Cross Talk of Combined Gene and Cell Therapy in Ischemic Heart Disease (2014)

In summary, HIF1 can be used to modulate the host microenvironment for improving survival of transplanted cells. The exosomal transfer of miRs from host cells to transplanted cells represents a unique mechanism that can be potentially targeted for improving survival of transplanted cells.
Glutathione-mediated shedding of PEG layers based on disulfide-linked catiomers for DNA delivery (2011)

Engineered PEG-detachable catiomers were developed as non-viral gene vectors to detach the PEG layers responsive to the intracellular reducing environment. These catiomers were found to exhibit high DNA binding ability and reduced cytotoxicity, as evidenced in agarose gel electrophoresis and MTT assays. The size of the mPEG-SS-PLL/DNA complexes was around 100 nm with a regular spherical shape, as observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The complexes were stably dispersed in an aqueous medium with 10% serum. However, fast aggregation was observed in the presence of 10 mM glutathione (GSH) due to detachment of the PEG segment via disulfide cleavage. These complexes showed high transfection efficiency in 293T and Hela cells under optimized conditions. The experimental results indicated that the mPEG-SS-PLL catiomers may have promising potential as a non-viral gene vector.
Toward Selective ERβ Agonists for Central Nervous System Disorders:  Synthesis and Characterization of Aryl Benzthiophenes (2002)

In an effort to identify selective ligands for the estrogen receptor subtype ERbeta, a series of aryl benzthiophenes was synthesized. In a radioligand binding assay and reporter gene assays in HeLa and SH-SY5Y cells, compounds were characterized as ERbeta-selective agonists. By targeting ERbeta in the brain, these compounds could lead to drugs able to separate the beneficial effects of estrogens on mood, learning, and memory from side effects such as the stimulation of endometrial and breast cancer.
Acellular matrix allograft small caliber vascular prostheses. (1991)

We have developed an acellular matrix vascular prosthesis (AMVP) made by detergent and enzymatic extraction of natural arteries, yielding a tissue framework of collagen and elastin from the original vessel, with preservation of the natural basement membrane at the blood flow surface. These biografts have excellent handling characteristics and suturability, as well as low thromboreactivity. Whole vessel static testing of circumferential compliance (8.9 +/- 1 [SEM] X 10(-2)% mmHg at 100 mmHg) revealed behavior virtually identical to the paired natural vessel from which each AMVP was derived in nine canine carotid arteries. We implanted 16 canine-origin AMVPs into nine dogs (12 femoral and three carotid arteries, and one infrarenal aorta) with no antithrombotic drugs. Angiographic patency was maintained in 15 of 16 (one occlusion within 3 days) for follow-up from 3 days to 6 years, with no aneurysm formation in three AMVP at over 4 1/2 years. Explant analysis revealed preservation of AMVP elastica and collagen with no inflammation or dystropic calcification of the AMVP, and almost total thrombus free flow surfaces. These results suggest that allograft AMVPs could achieve long-term patency equivalent to saphenous veins.
Neuronal expression of myeloperoxidase is increased in Alzheimer's disease (2004)

Myeloperoxidase, a heme protein expressed by professional phagocytic cells, generates an array of oxidants which are proposed to contribute to tissue damage during inflammation. We now report that enzymatically active myeloperoxidase and its characteristic amino acid oxidation products are present in human brain. Further, expression of myeloperoxidase is increased in brain tissue showing Alzheimer's neuropathology. Consistent with expression in phagocytic cells, myeloperoxidase immunoreactivity was present in some activated microglia in Alzheimer brains. However, the majority of immunoreactive material in brain localized with amyloid plaques and, surprisingly, neurons including granule and pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Confirming neuronal localization of the enzyme, several neuronal cell lines as well as primary neuronal cultures expressed myeloperoxidase protein. Myeloperoxidase mRNA was also detected in neuronal cell lines. These results reveal the unexpected presence of myeloperoxidase in neurons. The increase in neuronal myeloperoxidase expression we observed in Alzheimer disease brains raises the possibility that the enzyme contributes to the oxidative stress implicated in the pathogenesis of the neurodegenerative disorder.
LuminAR : a compact and kinetic projected augmented reality interface (2011)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2011.
Production of highly concentrated, heat‐stable hepatitis B surface antigen in maize (2012)

Plant-based oral vaccines are a promising emergent technology that could help alleviate disease burden worldwide by providing a low-cost, heat-stable, oral alternative to parenterally administered commercial vaccines. Here, we describe high-level accumulation of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at a mean concentration of 0.51%TSP in maize T1 seeds using an improved version of the globulin1 promoter. This concentration is more than fourfold higher than any previously reported lines. HBsAg expressed in maize seeds was extremely heat stable, tolerating temperatures up to 55 °C for 1 month without degradation. Optimal heat stability was achieved after oil extraction of ground maize material, either by supercritical fluid extraction or hexane treatment. The contributions of this material towards the development of a practical oral vaccine delivery system are discussed.
Nucleotide sequences and three-dimensional modelling of the VH and VL domains of two human monoclonal antibodies specific for the D antigen of the human Rh-blood-group system (1990)

The nucleotide sequences were determined for the VH and VL domains of two human IgG1 antibodies, Pag-1 and Fog-B, specific for the D antigen of the Rh-blood-group system. The VH-region genes of the two antibodies were derived from separate germ-line genes within the VH-IV gene family, but both antibodies used the same JH6 gene. The D-region genes differed from each other, and no similarity was found to known D regions. The light chain of Fog-B belongs to the V lambda-I subgroup and that of Pag-1 probably belongs to the V lambda-V subgroup; both light chains used the J2/3 gene. Three-dimensional models of the variable domains were made, based on those of known crystallographic structure. The surface contours at the combining sites are clearly different, consistent with the evidence that the antibodies recognize different but overlapping epitopes. Some details of the molecular modelling of hypervariable regions have been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50155 (6 pages) at the British Library Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1990) 265, 5.
Self-Propelled Dropwise Condensate on Superhydrophobic Surfaces (2009)

In conventional dropwise condensation on a hydrophobic surface, the condensate drops must be removed by external forces for continuous operation. This Letter reports continuous dropwise condensation spontaneously occurring on a superhydrophobic surface without any external forces. The spontaneous drop removal results from the surface energy released upon drop coalescence, which leads to a surprising out-of-plane jumping motion of the coalesced drops at a speed as high as 1 m/s. The jumping follows an inertial-capillary scaling and gives rise to a micrometric average diameter at steady state.
Interstitial cells of Cajal: Primary targets of enteric motor innervation (2001)

For many years morphologists have noted the close relationship between interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of gastrointestinal (GI) organs. These observations led to speculations about a role for ICC in mediating neural inputs to the GI tract. Immunohistochemical and functional studies demonstrated the presence of receptors for the neurotransmitters utilized by enteric motor neurons, and changes in second messengers in ICC after field stimulation of intrinsic enteric neurons showed that ICC were functionally innervated in GI muscles. Recent double labeling experiments have shown that both excitatory and inhibitory enteric motor neurons are closely associated with ICC in the deep muscular plexus (IC-DMP) of the small intestine and intramuscular ICC (IC-IM) of the proximal and distal GI tract. Enteric motor neurons form synaptic-like structures with IC-IM and IC-DMP. Far fewer close contacts are found between enteric motor neurons and smooth muscle cells. Experiments on W/W(V) mutants that lack IC-IM in the stomach, lower esophageal sphincter, and pylorus have shown that these ICC are critical components of the neuromuscular junction. Cholinergic excitatory and nitrergic inhibitory neurotransmission are severely decreased in tissues lacking IC-IM, yet there is no loss of cholinergic or nitrergic neurons in W/W(V) mutants. These data suggest that either the post-junctional mechanisms responsible for receiving and transducing neurotransmitter signals are specifically expressed by ICC, or that the large extracellular spaces typically between nerve terminals and smooth muscle cells may not allow effective concentrations of neurotransmitters to reach receptors expressed by smooth muscle cells. These findings indicate an important role for certain classes of ICC in enteric neurotransmission and predict that loss of ICC in human motor disturbances may significantly compromise neural regulation of GI motility.
Entanglement Genesis by Ancilla-Based Parity Measurement in 2D Circuit QED (2014)

We present an indirect two-qubit parity meter in planar circuit quantum electrodynamics, realized by discrete interaction with an ancilla and a subsequent projective ancilla measurement with a dedicated, dispersively coupled resonator. Quantum process tomography and successful entanglement by measurement demonstrate that the meter is intrinsically quantum nondemolition. Separate interaction and measurement steps allow the execution of subsequent data-qubit operations in parallel with ancilla measurement, offering time savings over continuous schemes.
Synthesen von α‐Bromisothiocyanaten (1979)

Abstract Sekundäre Isothiocyanate ( 1j–q ) und primäre Isothiocyanate R–CH 2 —NCS mit einer aktivierenden Gruppe R ( 1f, g ) lassen sich mit N ‐Bromsuccinimid (NBS) in hohen Ausbeuten zu den α‐Bromisothiocyanaten 2 bromieren. Das nicht aktivierte Isothiocyanat 1c reagiert langsam zum stabilen α,α‐Dibromisothiocyanat 10 . Bei Anwesenheit von β‐Wasserstoffatomen spalten die α‐Bromisothiocyanate 2 zum Teil spontan HBr ab, und es entstehen Folgeprodukte. Die α‐Bromierung der Isothiocyanate erfolgt radikalisch nach einem Goldfinger‐Mechanismus.
Modifying secretion and post-translational processing in insect cells (1999)

The baculovirus-insect cell system is a valuable tool for the expression of heterologous proteins. Due to limitations in the intracellular processing environment, however, heterologous secreted and membrane proteins are often insoluble, poorly processed, or contain 'non-human' modifications. Recent attempts to modify the insect cell secretory pathway by overexpressing processing factors have demonstrated the potential to overcome these limitations.
The Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects Using the Microfracture Technique (2006)

Chondral defects of the articular surface pose a challenging problem to the orthopedic surgeon. The goal of surgery is to alleviate pain, maximize function, and prevent degenerative changes in the future. A number of techniques have been described to treat these lesions. When considering the treatment options for chondral defects, the surgeon must consider the size, depth, location, and chronicity of the lesion. In addition, the overall alignment of the joint must be evaluated. Prior to treating chondral defects, it is important to understand the indications and contraindications for the microfracture technique. When indicated, the microfracture technique has many advantages over other surgical options. This technique is relatively easy to perform, cost effective, and has low patient morbidity. In addition, the microfracture technique does not burn any long-term bridges, enabling the surgeon to choose a different procedure to revise the chondral defect if the microfracture fails. It is important to understand the mechanism of healing by microfracture, including the effects of the local environment. The postoperative protocol used after the procedure may be as important as the surgery itself. Understanding the science behind the microfracture procedure will lead to better surgical technique and improved outcomes.
Abstract 2185: BRD4 is a novel therapeutic target in melanoma (2012)

Abstract The incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than that of any other cancer, and predicted to double every 10-20 years. Surgery can be curative in Stage I, II, or III disease, but 75% of patients with deep primary lesions develop extensive recurrence or distant metastases and have dismal prognosis. In fact, there is no curative treatment for stage IV melanoma. Although novel targeted therapies, such as BRAF inhibitors and anti-CTLA4 antibodies are showing promising results in melanoma clinical trials, resistance to these agents and patient relapse rapidly ensue. Therapeutic resistance has been commonly attributed to functional redundancy between intimately hardwired cellular pathways responsible for tumor cell maintenance and survival. In order to avoid redundancy, we propose to directly inhibit the transcription of multiple genes required for the establishment or maintenance of tumors. First, we analyzed the expression of Bromodomain (BrD)-containing proteins, a family of epigenetic readers that bind acetylated lysine. BrDs are present in histone acetyl transferases (i.e. CBP/p300, PCAF, GCN5) and transcriptional regulators (i.e. BET family members: BRD2, 3, and 4). mRNA expression arrays showed several BrD-containing genes as upregulated in primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines compared to normal melanocytes. Analysis of available expression profiles also revealed higher levels of BRD2 and BRD4 in melanoma tissues relative to nevi or normal skin (P&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining of a melanoma tissue microarray confirmed overexpression of BRD4 protein in primary (P&amp;lt;0.001) and metastatic tumors (P&amp;lt;0.001) compared to nevi. BRD4 knockdown using siRNA or shRNA suppressed the proliferation and colony formation capacity of several metastatic melanoma cell lines. Moreover, melanoma cells stably infected with shBRD4 carrying lentivirus displayed reduced tumor growth in vivo compared with their counterpart infected with a non-silencing control. To identify cellular pathways modulated by BrD inhibition and to investigate the mechanism(s) that might mediate its anti-proliferative effects, we conducted a global transcriptome analysis (RNA sequencing) of 6 melanoma cell lines treated with specific BrD inhibitors or vehicle. Gene ontology analysis of these data revealed enrichment in genes controlling cell cycle, growth and proliferation. Accordingly, cell cycle analysis demonstrated a specific G1 phase arrest upon BRD4 silencing. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that expression of several BrD containing proteins is dysregulated in melanoma and that BRD4 represents a promising therapeutic target in these tumors. Our data provides a rationale for testing the efficacy of newly developed, specific and potent BET inhibitors against melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2185. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2185
Prompting physicians for cost-effective test ordering in the low prevalence conditions of family medicine. (1994)

We have developed a computerized prompting system for test ordering which we feel will decrease the cost of investigations and at the same time promote an evidence based learning approach to test ordering. Prompting systems have been shown to be cost-effective but suffer from many disadvantages in the family practice setting. They tend to be difficult to modify by the user and contingent on an inflexible rule based structure. Many suggestions are ignored implying that they are not relevant. In family practice most conditions are of low prevalence. Prompting for test ordering where the pre-test likelihood of disease is small will result in a large number of false positives and many unnecessary repeat or confirmatory investigations and attendant anxiety unless the prompting system is specifically designed to be used in a low prevalence environment. PROMPTOR-FM (PRObabilistic Method of Prompting for Test ORdering in Family Medicine) was developed to overcome these perceived difficulties. It allows the physician to rapidly calculate the positive and negative predictive values of a test being considered based on the clinical index of suspicion. The physician is able to repeat the calculations and compare the results with previous calculations. By using PROMPTOR-FM repetitively, the clinician can learn to balance the risk of "missing" a rare but serious condition against the risk of falsely identifying disease with its downstream hazards and costs of further investigation. Prompting for test ordering is therefore uniquely tailored to each patient's situation.
Survey of optical indoor positioning systems (2011)

Recent advances in CCD technologies, processing speed and image understanding have been driving the development of the camera-based positioning systems. An improved performance of optical systems has triggered image based positioning methods to become an attractive alternative for applications in industrial metrology as well as for robot- and pedestrian navigation. This paper provides a survey of current optical indoor positioning approaches. Different systems are briefly described and categorized based on how the images are referenced to the environment.
Corrosion Inhibition of Al Metal in Microelectronic Devices Assembled in Plastic Packages (2001)

Aluminum-based metallizations are extensively used as electrical interconnections of integrated power microelectronic devices. It is well known that this metal exposed to moisture is highly sensitive to corrosion due to the chemical interaction of aluminum with water. In this paper we report a study of some Al passivation treatments against moisture corrosion. The proposed treatment can be done on the finished wafer without any damage of other device materials and satisfies the die attach and wire-bonding requirements. It consists of a simple chemical dipping into an organic bath containing a phosphating agent. The passivation behavior of the resulting surfaces has been checked by means of pressure cooker test both on the wafer and power metal oxide semiconductor devices assembled in plastic packages. The surfaces resulting in each process step have been analyzed by means of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. The passivated surface is formed of one to two monolayers of ortho- and polyphosphate phases directly grafted onto the alumina surface. The same growth process allows fluorine surface contamination reduction. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Radiologic evidence of disease modification in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with cyclosporine. results of a 48‐week multicenter study comparing low‐dose cyclosporine with placebo (1994)

The study shows that cyclosporine seems to have disease-modifying effects in RA.
Focusing and sustaining the antitumor CTL effector killer response by agonist anti-CD137 mAb (2015)

Cancer immunotherapy is undergoing significant progress due to recent clinical successes by refined adoptive T-cell transfer and immunostimulatory monoclonal Ab (mAbs). B16F10-derived OVA-expressing mouse melanomas resist curative immunotherapy with either adoptive transfer of activated anti-OVA OT1 CTLs or agonist anti-CD137 (4-1BB) mAb. However, when acting in synergistic combination, these treatments consistently achieve tumor eradication. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that accomplish tumor rejection exhibit enhanced effector functions in both transferred OT-1 and endogenous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). This is consistent with higher levels of expression of eomesodermin in transferred and endogenous CTLs and with intravital live-cell two-photon microscopy evidence for more efficacious CTL-mediated tumor cell killing. Anti-CD137 mAb treatment resulted in prolonged intratumor persistence of the OT1 CTL-effector cells and improved function with focused and confined interaction kinetics of OT-1 CTL with target cells and increased apoptosis induction lasting up to six days postadoptive transfer. The synergy of adoptive T-cell therapy and agonist anti-CD137 mAb thus results from in vivo enhancement and sustainment of effector functions.