gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring new qualitative methods to support a quantitative analysis of glance behavior (2015)

The work proposes conceptual ways of considering drivers' visual behavior over time as a flow of attention across space. These efforts extend upon previous works (research and regulatory) that focus in greater detail on quantifying attention independent of time. The primary contribution of this work lies in the presented methodology for analysis of glance allocation features. An application of this method is explored as an illustration of its analytic potential. Driver glance allocation data were drawn from a heterogeneous set of drivers. Double coded and mediated glance allocations were used to detail differences between drivers' visual behavior across 3 different task types (baseline driving, visual-manual interaction, auditory-vocal interaction). Glance transition counts were used to estimate glance transition probabilities and significance values. Glance duration features were explored in parallel and used to visualize temporal allocation distribution and significance. Results show that visualization techniques based on these features are well suited for qualitative analysis of visual attention.
A family of potassium channel genes related to eag in Drosophila and mammals. (1994)

We have identified a conserved family of genes related to Drosophila eag, which encodes a distinct type of voltage-activated K+ channel. Three related genes were recovered in screens of cDNA libraries from Drosophila, mouse, and human tissues. One gene is the mouse counterpart of eag; the other two represent additional subfamilies. The human gene maps to chromosome 7. Family members share at least 47% amino acid identity in their hydrophobic cores and all contain a segment homologous to a cyclic nucleotide-binding domain. Sequence comparisons indicate that members of this family are most closely related to vertebrate cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels and plant inward-rectifying K+ channels. The existence of another family of K+ channel structural genes further extends the known diversity of K+ channels and has important implications for the structure, function, and evolution of the superfamily of voltage-sensitive ion channels.
Utrophin Binds Laterally along Actin Filaments and Can Couple Costameric Actin with Sarcolemma When Overexpressed in Dystrophin-deficient Muscle (2002)

Dystrophin is widely thought to mechanically link the cortical cytoskeleton with the muscle sarcolemma. Although the dystrophin homolog utrophin can functionally compensate for dystrophin in mice, recent studies question whether utrophin can bind laterally along actin filaments and anchor filaments to the sarcolemma. Herein, we have expressed full-length recombinant utrophin and show that the purified protein is fully soluble with a native molecular weight and molecular dimensions indicative of monomers. We demonstrate that like dystrophin, utrophin can form an extensive lateral association with actin filaments and protect actin filaments from depolymerization in vitro. However, utrophin binds laterally along actin filaments through contribution of acidic spectrin-like repeats rather than the cluster of basic repeats used by dystrophin. We also show that the defective linkage between costameric actin filaments and the sarcolemma in dystrophin-deficient mdx muscle is rescued by overexpression of utrophin. Our results demonstrate that utrophin and dystrophin are functionally interchangeable actin binding proteins, but that the molecular epitopes important for filament binding differ between the two proteins. More generally, our results raise the possibility that spectrin-like repeats may enable some members of the plakin family of cytolinkers to laterally bind and stabilize actin filaments.
Importance of hyaluronan biosynthesis and degradation in cell differentiation and tumor formation (2003)

Hyaluronan is an important connective tissue glycosaminoglycan. Elevated hyaluronan biosynthesis is a common feature during tissue remodeling under both physiological and pathological conditions. Through its interactions with hyaladherins, hyaluronan affects several cellular functions such as cell migration and differentiation. The activities of hyaluronan-synthesizing and -degrading enzymes have been shown to be regulated in response to growth factors. During tumor progression hyaluronan stimulates tumor cell growth and invasiveness. Thus, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms which regulate the activities of hyaluronan-synthesizing and -degrading enzymes during tumor progression is highly desired.
Water-Based, Nonfluorinated Dispersions for Environmentally Benign, Large-Area, Superhydrophobic Coatings (2013)

Low-cost, large-area, superhydrophobic coating treatments are of high value to technological applications requiring efficient liquid repellency. While many applications are envisioned, only few are realizable in practice due to either the high cost or low durability of such treatments. Recently, spray deposition of polymer-particle dispersions has been demonstrated as an excellent means for producing low-cost, large-area, durable, superhydrophobic composite coatings/films; however, such dispersions generally contain harsh or volatile solvents, which are required for solution processing of polymers as well as for dispersing hydrophobic nanoparticles, thus inhibiting scalability due to the increased cost in chemical handling and environmental safety concerns. Moreover, such coatings usually contain fluoropolymers due to their inherent low surface energy, a requirement for superhydrophobicity, but concerns over their biopersistence has provided an impetus for eliminating these chemicals. For spray coating, the former problem can be overcome by replacing organic solvents with water, but this situation seems paradoxical: Producing a highly water-repellent coating from an aqueous dispersion. We report a water-based, nonfluorinated dispersion for the formation of superhydrophobic composite coatings applied by spray on a variety of substrates. We stabilize hydrophobic components (i.e., polymer, nanoparticles) in water, by utilizing chemicals containing acid functional groups (i.e., acrylic acid) that can become ionized in aqueous environments under proper pH control (pH > 7). The functional polymer utilized in this study is a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid, while the particle filler is exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet (xGnP), which contains functional groups at its periphery. Once spray deposited and dried, the components become insoluble in water, thus promoting liquid repellency. Such coatings can find a wide range of applications due to their benign processing nature as well as the variety of substrates on which they can be deposited.
Transcriptional Regulation of Biomass-degrading Enzymes in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei (2003)

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei produces and secretes profuse quantities of enzymes that act synergistically to degrade cellulase and related biomass components. We partially sequenced over 5100 random T. reesei cDNA clones. Among the sequences whose predicted gene products had significant similarity to known proteins, 12 were identified that encode previously unknown enzymes that likely function in biomass degradation. Microarrays were used to query the expression levels of each of the sequences under different conditions known to induce cellulolytic enzyme synthesis. Most of the genes encoding known and putative biomass-degrading enzymes were transcriptionally co-regulated. Moreover, despite the fact that several of these enzymes are not thought to degrade cellulase directly, they were coordinately overexpressed in a cellulase overproducing strain. A variety of additional sequences whose function could not be ascribed using the limited sequence available displayed analogous behavior and may also play a role in biomass degradation or in the synthesis of biomass-degrading enzymes. Sequences exhibiting additional regulatory patterns were observed that might reflect roles in regulation of cellulase biosynthesis. However, genes whose products are involved in protein processing and secretion were not highly regulated during cellulase induction.
Optimal alignments in linear space (1988)

Space, not time, is often the limiting factor when computing optimal sequence alignments, and a number of recent papers in the biology literature have proposed space-saving strategies. However, a 1975 computer science paper by Hirschberg presented a method that is superior to the new proposals, both in theory and in practice. The goal of this paper is to give Hirschberg's idea the visibility it deserves by developing a linear-space version of Gotoh's algorithm, which accommodates affine gap penalties. A portable C-software package implementing this algorithm is available on the BIONET free of charge.
Percutaneous Removal of Herniated Lumbar Discs (1989)

L4-L5 herniated discs documented by myelogram were removed percutaneously from 50 patients, under local anesthesia and X-ray control, and the patients were followed for ten years. Forty-three patients (86%) had relief of sciatica and sensory deficit. However, only one out of eight patients who had had motor neurological deficit had return of normal power and relief of sciatica from this procedure. The best clinical results were in those patients who felt improvement and relief of pain in the leg at the time of the removal of the disc material. The best clinical results were in patients with a major bulge of the disc and decompression of the nerve root. Patients with sequestration of the disc do not uniformly respond well to this procedure. There were no significant complications. Percutaneous excision of herniated L4-L5 lumbar discs, under local anesthesia, is a safe and valid procedure to reduce patient morbidity and hospital stay, and it does not prejudice the outcome of a formal laminectomy if it should fail.
Particle tracking with scintillating fibers (1996)

This paper presents our research and development work on particle tracking with scintillating fibers. We have developed new fiber dyes, more efficient fiber cladding, coherent fiber bundles with improved packing fraction, and a new fiber readout technique (ISPA-tube). Altogether, these new developments increased the hit density of fine grain (60 /spl mu/m) fibers by about seven times. This results in mini-tracks per 2.5-mm fiber layer rather than in single hits only and enhances the track reconstruction efficiency to nearly 100%. Compared with competing tracking methods (silicon strips, micro strip gas chambers), our scintillating fibers are superior in hit numbers per radiation length and in the two-track resolution. They require much less readout channels and consequently no cooling provisions to remove their electronic heat.
Classification and definition of major flares in SLE clinical trials (1999)

Multiple reliable and valid disease activities indices exist and have been used successfully in longitudinal studies. However, the definition of flare, using these intruments, has not been universally decided or accepted. Because flare is one of the three major patterns of lupus activity, it will remain an important outcome measure in both longitudinal and clinical trial studies.
Screening Wood Decayed by White Rot Fungi for Preferential Lignin Degradation (1984)

A screening procedure in which scanning electron microscopy was used indicated that 26 white rot fungi selectively removed lignin from various coniferous and hardwood tree species. Delignified wood from field collections had distinct micromorphological characteristics that were easily differentiated from other types of decay. The middle lamella was degraded, and the cells were separated from one another. Secondary cell wall layers that remained had a fibrillar appearance. Chemical analyses of delignified wood indicated that the cells were composed primarily of cellulose. Only small percentages of lignin and hemicellulose were evident. Delignified wood was not uniformly distributed throughout the decayed wood samples. White-pocket and white-mottled areas of the various decayed wood examined contained delignified cells, but adjacent wood had a nonselective removal of lignin where all cell wall components had been degraded simultaneously. This investigation demonstrates that selective delignification among white rot fungi is more prevalent than previously realized and identifies a large number of fungi for use in studies of preferential lignin degradation.
Data Flow Analysis for Software Prefetching Linked Data Structures in Java (2001)

Abstract: In this paper, we describe an effective compile-time analysis for software prefetching in Java. Previous work in software data prefetching for pointer-based codes uses simple compiler algorithms and does not investigate prefetching for object-oriented language features that make compile-time analysis difficult. We develop a new data flow analysis to detect regular accesses to linked data structures in Java programs. We use intra and interprocedural analysis to identify profitable prefetching opportunities for greedy and jump-pointer prefetching, and we implement these techniques in a compiler for Java. Our results show that both prefetching techniques improve four of our ten programs. The largest performance improvement is 48% with jump-pointers, but consistent improvements are difficult to obtain.
New Pd(II)- and Ni(II)-Based Catalysts for Polymerization of Ethylene and .alpha.-Olefins (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Pd(II)- and Ni(II)-Based Catalysts for Polymerization of Ethylene and .alpha.-OlefinsLynda K. Johnson, Christopher M. Killian, and Maurice BrookhartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 23, 6414–6415Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00128a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00128a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16378Altmetric-Citations2366LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Influence of functional deficiency of complement mannose-binding lectin on outcome of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (2010)

clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT00091637.
Endogenous nitric oxide enhances prostaglandin production in a model of renal inflammation. (1994)

The interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) was studied in a rabbit model of renal inflammation, the ureteral obstructed hydronephrotic kidney (HNK). Ex vivo perfusion of the HNK but not the control kidney (e.g., unobstructed contralateral kidney, CLK), led to a time-dependent release of nitrite (NO2-), a breakdown product of NO. Stimulation of the HNK with bradykinin (BK) evoked a time-dependent increase in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), which blocks the activity of both constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase (cNOS and iNOS), aminoguanidine, a recently described selective iNOS inhibitor, dexamethasone, or cycloheximide abolished the release of NO2- and attenuated the exaggerated BK-induced PGE2 production. This supports the existence of iNOS and COX-2 in the HNK. In the CLK, BK elicited release of both NO2- and PGE2 but this did not augment with time. L-NMMA but not aminoguanidine, dexamethasone, or cycloheximide attenuated NO2- and PGE2 release indicative of the presence of constitutive but not inducible NOS or COX. The current study suggests that the endogenous release of NO from cNOS in the CLK activates a constitutive COX resulting in optimal PGE2 release by BK. In addition, in the HNK, NO release from iNOS activates the induced COX resulting in markedly increased release of proinflammatory prostaglandin. The broader implication of this study is that the cyclooxygenase isozymes are potential receptor targets for nitric oxide.
Posttranscriptional Regulation of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Late Mrnas (2002)

The lifecycle of the human papillomavirus (HPV) is strictly linked to the programmed differentiation of the host cell it infects. Production of late proteins, which are used for the production of t ...
A dominant truncation allele identifies a gene, STE20, that encodes a putative protein kinase necessary for mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1993)

This work reports the identification, characterization, and nucleotide sequence of STE20, a newly discovered gene involved in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating response pathway, to date one of the best understood signal transduction pathways. STE20 encodes a putative serine/threonine-specific protein kinase with a predicted molecular mass of 102 kDa. Its expression pattern is similar to that of several other protein kinases in the mating response pathway. Deletion of the kinase domain of STE20 causes sterility in both haploid mating types. This sterility can be partially suppressed by high-level production of STE12 but is not suppressible by high levels of STE4 or a dominant STE11 truncation allele. A truncation allele of STE20 was isolated that can activate the mating response pathway in the absence of exogenous mating pheromone. This allele causes dominant growth arrest that cannot be suppressed by deletions of STE4, STE5, STE7, STE11, or STE12. The allele is able to suppress the mating defect of a strain in which the STE20 kinase domain has been deleted, but not the mating defects of strains carrying mutations in STE4, STE5, STE7, STE11, or STE12.
Bit-plane Golomb coding for sources with Laplacian distributions (2004)

This paper presents a bit-plane coding algorithm for Laplacian distributed sources that are commonly encountered in signal compression applications. By exploiting the statistical characteristics of the sources, the proposed algorithm achieves a rate-distortion performance that is essentially comparable to an optimal nonscalable scalar quantizer, while at the same time operates at a complexity level suitable for most practical implementations.
GPU-based Real-Time Execution of Vehicular Mobility Models in Large-Scale Road Network Scenarios (2009)

A methodology and its associated algorithms are presented for mapping a novel, field-based vehicular mobility model onto graphical processing unit computational platform for simulating mobility in large-scale road networks. Of particular focus is the achievement of real-time execution, on desktop platforms, of vehicular mobility on road networks comprised of millions of nodes and links, and multi-million counts of simultaneously active vehicles. The methodology is realized in a system called GARFIELD, whose implementation details and performance study are described. The runtime characteristics of a prototype implementation are presented that show real-time performance in simulations of networks at the scale of a few states of the US road networks.
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine accumulation and distribution in flue-cured tobacco alkaloid isolines (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTobacco-specific nitrosamine accumulation and distribution in flue-cured tobacco alkaloid isolinesMirjana V. Djordjevic, Scott L. Gay, Lowell P. Bush, and James F. ChaplinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1989, 37, 3, 752–756Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00087a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00087a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tibial Implants: Biomechanical and Histomorphometric Studies of Hydroxyapatite-Coated and Uncoated Stainless Steel and Titanium Screws in Long-Term Ovariectomized Sheep (2001)

This study was designed to evaluate osteointegration of HA-coated and uncoated titanium and stainless steel screws in the cortical bone of long-term (24 months) ovariectomized sheep (OVX group), in comparison with Sham-aged sheep (control group). The screws were tested biomechanically (extraction torque) and histomorphometrically (affinity index: Al) 12 weeks after their implantation in tibial diaphyses. Tibial cortical bone parameters showed significant differences between the groups, showing a reduction of the selected parameters in the OVX group. ANOVA showed significant effects for both material and ovariectomy factors on obtained extraction torque (material: F=159.26, p < 0.0005; ovariectomy: F=20.04, p < 0.0005) and Al data (material: F=8.04, p < 0.001; ovariectomy: F=7, 17, p < 0.05). In both groups the extraction torque for coated screws of both materials was significantly higher than for uncoated screws, and uncoated titanium had a better extraction torque than uncoated stainless steel. In the OVX group, the HA-coated stainless steel and titanium Al data were significantly higher than uncoated Al data. In conclusion, the biomechanical and histomorphological results obtained suggest employing HA-coated screws in the presence of osteopenic cortical bone.