gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimedia delivery on demand: capacity analysis and implications (2002)

CATV networks are targeted to provide multimedia services to the home. This paper presents a simulation model aimed at evaluating the capacity of CATV networks. The model is based on the user profile, the service discipline and the CATV bandwidth. The issues addressed include the number of users supported by a single broadcast CATV-tree, the probability of accepting a request for multimedia service, and the number of users served over a period of time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The effects of orally administered diacerein on cartilage and subchondral bone in an ovine model of osteoarthritis. (2001)

DIA treatment of meniscectomized animals mediated selective responses of cartilage and subchondral bone to the altered mechanical stresses induced across the joints by this procedure. While subchondral bone thickness in tibial lesion sites was reduced, cartilage and bone proliferation at the outer joint margins, a region where osteophyte formation occurred, were enhanced, suggesting that DIA supported the processes of repair and endochondral ossification.
Rho-stimulated contractility drives the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions. (1996)

Activated rhoA, a ras-related GTP-binding protein, stimulates the appearance of stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation in quiescent cells (Ridley, A.J., and A. Hall, 1992. Cell. 70:389-399). The pathway by which rho triggers these events has not been elucidated. Many of the agents that activate rho (e.g., vasopressin, endothelin, lysophosphatidic acid) stimulate the contractility of smooth muscle and other cells. We have investigated whether rho's induction of stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation is the result of its stimulation of contractility. We demonstrate that stimulation of fibroblasts with lysophosphatidic acid, which activates rho, induces myosin light chain phosphorylation. This precedes the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions and is accompanied by increased contractility. Inhibition of contractility by several different mechanisms leads to inhibition of rho-induced stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation. In addition, when contractility is inhibited, integrins disperse from focal adhesions as stress fibers and focal adhesions disassemble. Conversely, upon stimulation of contractility, diffusely distributed integrins are aggregated into focal adhesions. These results suggest that activated rho stimulates contractility, driving the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions and elevating tyrosine phosphorylation. A model is proposed to account for how contractility could promote these events.
Determination of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Human Plasma, Breast Milk and Food Samples: Application in Nutrition Survey for Establishment of "Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese" (2007)

Dietary habits are an important risk factor for lifestyle-related diseases. To carry out a nutrition survey of fat-soluble vitamins, we developed determination methods of fat-soluble vitamins using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/tandem mass spectrometry or high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. In these methods, stable isotope-labeled compounds or vitamin K analogs with a saturated side-chain were used as internal standards. These methods have high sensitivity and sufficient accuracy, and we applied them in a nutrition survey about the status of fat-soluble vitamins in Japanese women. Plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] in healthy postmenopausal women (n=98) were 20.5±7.9 and 0.4±1.4 ng/ml, respectively. A significant negative correlation in plasma levels between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone was observed. For vitamin K homologs, plasma levels of phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone-4 (MK-4) and menaquinone-7 (MK-7) in Japanese women of various ages (n=1409) were 1.03±0.90, 0.12±0.28 and 6.71±13.6 ng/ml, respectively. The mean total vitamin K intake of Japanese young women was about 230 μg/day, and 94% of participants met the Adequate Intake of vitamin K for women aged 18-29 years in Japan, 60 μg/day. Moreover, we determined fat-soluble vitamins in breast milk collected from Japanese lactating women and revealed that the contents of all-trans-retinol, vitamin D3, 25(OH)D3, α-tocopherol, PK and MK-4 in breast milk were 0.39±0.14 μg/ml, 0.10±0.15 ng/ml, 0.08±0.04 ng/ml, 3.96±1.84 μg/ml, 3.56±2.19 and 1.77±0.68 ng/ml, respectively.
Chemotherapeutic drug‐induced apoptosis in human leukaemic cells is independent of the Fas (APO‐1/CD95) receptor/ligand system (1998)

The potential role of the Fas (CD95/APO-1) receptor/ligand system in chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis was examined in a number of human leukaemic cell lines. Flow cytometric profiles of doxorubicin-treated HL-60, K562, U937 and Jurkat cells failed to show any significant increase in Fas or Fas ligand expression over 24 h, despite the induction of significant levels of apoptosis in these cells. Although preincubation of human leukaemic cells with a neutralizing anti-Fas IgG antibody blocked anti-Fas IgM-induced apoptosis, this strategy failed to inhibit chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis. To determine whether recruitment of the Fas/Fas ligand complex during drug-induced apoptosis was a cell-specific event we utilized the CEM cell line. Doxorubicin treatment of CEM cells over 24 h failed to show any up-regulation in Fas or Fas ligand protein levels as detected by flow cytometry. Furthermore, neutralizing anti-Fas IgG Ab failed to inhibit chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis in CEM cells. The present studies do, however, demonstrate a role for anti-Fas IgM Ab in producing a cytotoxic synergistic effect when used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Low-dose anti-Fas IgM treatment in combination with doxorubicin, methotrexate, camptothecin and etoposide produced an augmented cytoxicity in CEM cells. Taken together these observations demonstrate that although recruitment of the Fas/APO-1/CD95 receptor/ligand system is not a necessary requirement for chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis, combination of anti-Fas IgM and drug treatment produces a synergistic cytotoxic effect which may prove useful in the treatment of human leukaemias.
Growth factors produced by human embryonic kidney cells that influence megakaryopoiesis include erythropoietin, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor‐beta (1992)

Partially purified protein preparations containing megakaryocyte growth factor activity were prepared from human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell conditioned medium using ammonium sulfate precipitation, Cibicron blue affinity chromatography, and wheatgerm lectin affinity chromatography. Treatment of these preparations with neutralizing antibodies directed against erythropoietin (EPO) and interleukin 6 (IL6) resulted in a dramatic reduction in their capacity to stimulate megakaryocyte maturation in vitro. The presence of EPO in these preparations was confirmed by both immunoblotting and use of a mouse spleen erythroid progenitor cell proliferation assay routinely used to quantitate EPO activity in vitro. Northern blot analysis of HEK cell-derived mRNA with IL6 DNA probes revealed the presence of an IL6 transcript with a molecular size of 1.3 kb. Analysis of the HEK cell-derived preparation by ELISA confirmed the presence of immunologically reactive IL6. In addition, it was shown that purified recombinant human EPO and IL6 stimulated megakaryocyte maturation in the in vitro assay used in this study. These data indicate that the activity in HEK cell conditioned medium that stimulates megakaryocyte maturation in vitro is predominantly due to the presence of IL6 and EPO. Immunoneutralization studies of another HEK cell-derived preparation, which was inhibitory in the megakaryocyte maturation assay, demonstrated that it contained transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), a potent inhibitor of megakaryocyte maturation. Taken together, these studies indicate that HEK cell conditioned medium, which has previously been reported to contain megakaryocyte growth factor activity, is comprised of a complex mixture of growth and differentiation factors, some of which promote and others that inhibit the process of megakaryopoiesis.
Echo‐Time Reduction for Submillimeter Resolution Imaging with a 3D Phase Encode Time Reduced Acquisition Method (1995)

To achieve optimal image quality and highest spatial resolution for inner ear imaging with a 3D gradient echo sequence, it is necessary to minimize susceptibility dephasing effects by using very short TE. Fractional RF pulses and echoes can yield short TE for moderate spatial resolution; however, for voxel size of less than 1 mm, TE is limited by the phase encode gradients. We present a method to obtain very short effective TE by using short triangular shaped phase encode gradients to sample the central portions of k-space and progressively longer trapezoidal gradients for the outer portions of k-space. A 3D pulse sequence employing the modified phase encoding scheme for both in-plane and slice phase encoding directions was implemented and tested on phantoms and in vivo. The effective TE equals the minimal TE used for the central k-space portions. Submillimeter resolution (0.35 x 0.35 x 0.7 mm3) images of the inner ear were obtained with effective TE of 3.2 ms and were compared with standard 3D images with TE of 8 ms. With this pronounced TE reduction, the susceptibility artifacts at air/fluid interfaces are significantly reduced.
Neural-tube defects are associated with low concentrations of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in amniotic fluid (1998)

While folate supplementation reduces the risk of recurrent neural-tube defects (NTD), both folate and cobalamin deficiencies may be independent risk-factors for neural-tube defects. Folate-dependence and impaired remethylation of homocysteine are implicated as mechanisms for NTD. There are few references reported for folate, cobalamin, homocysteine and methionine in the fetal compartment. This case-controlled pilot study of amniotic fluid (AF) samples derived from 16 NTD pregnancies and 64 age-matched controls quantities total homocysteine (tHcy), total cysteine (tCys), folate, cobalamin (B12), and methionine. Only decreased AF B12 concentrations were found (150 pg/ml versus 540 pg/ml, P < 0.02). Since cobalamin, folate and homocysteine participate in the remethylation of homocysteine, via methyl transfer from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to B12, to methionine, we compared ratios of these methionine synthase (EC 2.1.1.13)-related intermediates. The ratio of B12/folate for NTD versus controls was 48 (34-90) versus 126 (123-182), P < 0.001. The ratio of methionine/(folate x tHcy) was 1.4 (1.2-2.2) versus 2.7 (2.4-3.3), P < 0.001. We conclude that AF from pregnancies with NTD have lower B12 concentrations, and that ratios of product to substrate(s) of homocysteine remethylation suggest impaired methionine synthase in the fetal compartment through the early second trimester.
A hydrogen sensor based on tunneling between palladium clusters (2007)

We describe nanocluster based tunneling sensors for detecting hydrogen. Pd clusters with diameters ranging from 3.5to6nm are deposited between a pair of contacts until a predetermined resistance between the contacts is obtained. We demonstrate that the conduction through the cluster film is dominated by tunneling gaps. Upon exposure to hydrogen, the clusters expand, reducing the average size of the gaps and reducing the measured resistance. The sensor response as a function of external hydrogen pressure is described, for different cluster sizes and different operating temperatures, by a simple model with a single physically meaningful fitting parameter.
Smart furniture: improvising ubiquitous hot-spot environment (2004)

We developed Smart Furniture, which extemporaneously converts the legacy non-smart space into a Smart Hot-spot which consists of computational services. Since the Smart Furniture is equipped with networked computers, sensors and various I/O devices, it can provide various services by alone or by coordinating with other devices. In this paper, the physical structure and middlewares for the Smart Furniture are described. The prototype systems to realize Smart Hot-spot such as a Crossing Window System, an Active Authentication System for Library, a Mobile TV-phone System, and an Environmental Information Monitor System are also introduced.
Free-sketch recognition (2008)

Sketch recognition techniques have generally fallen into two camps. Gesture-based techniques, such as those used by the Palm Pilot's Graffiti, can provide high-accuracy, but require the user to learn a particular drawing style in order for shapes to be recognized. Free-sketch recognition allows users to draw shapes as they would naturally, but most current techniques have low accuracies or require significant domain-level tweaking to make them usable. Our goal is to recognize free-hand sketches with high accuracy by developing generalized techniques that work for a variety of domains, including design and education. This is a work-in-progress, but we have made significant advancements toward our over-arching goal.
Voltage-gated sodium channels (2013)

Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by seizures and convulsions. The basis of epilepsy is an increase in neuronal excitability that, in some cases, may be caused by functional defects in neuronal voltage gated sodium channels, Nav1.1 and Nav1.2. The effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) as effective therapies for epilepsy have been characterized by extensive research. Most of the classic AEDs targeting Nav share a common mechanism of action by stabilizing the channel's fast-inactivated state. In contrast, novel AEDs, such as lacosamide, stabilize the slow-inactivated state in neuronal Nav1.1 and Nav1.7 isoforms. This paper reviews the different mechanisms by which this stabilization occurs to determine new methods for treatment.
Re-Framing the Argument: Critical Service-Learning and Community-Centered Food Literacy (2014)

As a WPA and a service-learning director and practitioner, the author suggests connections between food studies, rhetoric and composition studies, and critical service-learning theory that involve mobilizing students to join in or help lead community efforts surrounding the local, organic food movement, food justice, and food literacy. The study is framed by questions of how composition instructors can create courses around issues related to the global food crisis to embed students in community-centered food literacy initiatives, and, more generally, how practitioners and WPAs can effectively promote and explain community-engaged pedagogies to higher-level administrators who question the value of the practice.
Synthetic Sequence-specific Ligands (1983)

There is much interest in the design and synthesis of chemical compounds that possess binding specificity comparable with that of bacterial repressors. These compounds could be used to affect selectively the activity of certain genes in bacterial and eukaryotic cells and might have important implications in pharmacology. In this paper we report several approaches to the design and synthesis of sequence-specific ligands.
Antimicrobial Agents From Higher Plants. Antimicrobial Agents From Peganum harmala Seeds (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntimicrobial Agents From Higher Plants. Antimicrobial Agents From Peganum harmala SeedsA. Al-Shamma, S. Drake, D. L. Flynn, L. A. Mitscher, Y. H. Park, G. S. R. Rao, A. Simpson, J. K. Swayze, T. Veysoglu, and S. T.-S. WuCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1981, 44, 6, 745–747Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50018a025https://doi.org/10.1021/np50018a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views558Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Product Family Configuration Reasoning Using Discrete Design Spaces (2000)

Abstract In the current market place companies need to deliver more variety with reduced time to market, lower prices and higher quality. These challenges have introduced the concept of developing a set of similar products using a common platform. Development of common platforms to support a family of products requires configuration reasoning. Configuration design spaces can be defined to facilitate platform and product family reasoning. For configuration design problems, the design space is much more difficult to define precisely (than the typical design space which is a subset of Rn, where n is the number of continuous variables), particularly when constraints are present. The purpose of this paper is to present a configuration design method that can be applied to two related problems: develop a common platform that satisfies requirements from multiple viewpoints, and generate members of a product family that also satisfy these requirements. To accomplish this objective, first design spaces are developed to model connectivity, functionality and assemblability considerations, then a common design space is developed to consider constraints from multiple viewpoints simultaneously. These design spaces are developed for both platforms and for product families. The application of this configuration design reasoning methodology is illustrated using a coffee maker product family.
Dissection of the phytohormonal regulation of trichome formation and biosynthesis of the antimalarial compound artemisinin in Artemisia annua plants (2010)

• Biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene lactone and potent antimalarial drug artemisinin occurs in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua plants and is subjected to a strict network of developmental and other regulatory cues. • The effects of three hormones, jasmonate, gibberellin and cytokinin, were studied at the structural and molecular levels in two different A. annua chemotypes by microscopic analysis of gland development, and by targeted metabolite and transcript profiling. Furthermore, a genome-wide cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based transcriptome profiling was carried out of jasmonate-elicited leaves at different developmental stages. • Although cytokinin and gibberellin positively affected at least one aspect of gland formation, these two hormones did not stimulate artemisinin biosynthesis. Only jasmonate simultaneously promoted gland formation and coordinated transcriptional activation of biosynthetic gene expression, which ultimately led to increased sesquiterpenoid accumulation with chemotype-dependent effects on the distinct pathway branches. Transcriptome profiling revealed a trichome-specific fatty acyl- coenzyme A reductase, trichome-specific fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (TFAR1), the expression of which correlates with trichome development and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. • TFAR1 is potentially involved in cuticular wax formation during glandular trichome expansion in leaves and flowers of A. annua plants. Analysis of phytohormone-modulated transcriptional regulons provides clues to dissect the concerted regulation of metabolism and development of plant trichomes.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Antimalarial Alkaloids Febrifugine and Isofebrifugine and Their Biological Activity (1999)

Antimalarial alkaloids febrifugine (1) and isofebrifugine (2) were efficiently synthesized from simple achiral starting materials on the basis of the catalytic asymmetric synthesis. The first key reaction was performed using the tin(II)-mediated catalytic asymmetric aldol protocol to afford chiral aldehyde 3 in high yield with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The second key step, a Mannich-type reaction, did not give satisfactory results according to the conventional methods. We then developed a novel aqueous Mannich-type three-component reaction of an aldehyde, an amine, and a vinyl ether using a Lewis acid-surfactant combined catalyst (LASC), and the key intermediates 16 and 17 were obtained in high yields. The final coupling reactions of bromoacetone 14 with 4-hydroxyquinazoline were carried out using basic conditions, and successive deprotection gave 1 and 2, respectively, without any isomerization. These unambiguous total asymmetric syntheses revealed that the absolute configurations of febrifugine and isofebrifugine were not (2'S,3'R) and (2'R,3'R) as reported previously but (2'R,3'S) and (2'S,3'S), respectively (1' and 2'). Finally, antimalarial activities of the synthesized febrifugine and isofebrifugine, and their antipodes, were examined. It was revealed that the activities and selectivities of natural febrifugine and isofebrifugine were much higher than those of the antipodes.
Locality-sensitive hashing scheme based on p-stable distributions (2004)

We present a novel Locality-Sensitive Hashing scheme for the Approximate Nearest Neighbor Problem under lp norm, based on p-stable distributions.Our scheme improves the running time of the earlier algorithm for the case of the lp norm. It also yields the first known provably efficient approximate NN algorithm for the case p<1. We also show that the algorithm finds the exact near neigbhor in O(log n) time for data satisfying certain "bounded growth" condition.Unlike earlier schemes, our LSH scheme works directly on points in the Euclidean space without embeddings. Consequently, the resulting query time bound is free of large factors and is simple and easy to implement. Our experiments (on synthetic data sets) show that the our data structure is up to 40 times faster than kd-tree.
Towards Designing Persuasive Ambient Visualization (2007)

This paper discusses an alternative application area for ambient information systems, coined as ‘persuasive visualization’. It investigates the recent evolution of ambient displays, from simply aiming to inform people about data patterns towards increasing awareness of themes underlying the data. Accordingly, this paper proposes the potential of ambient display techniques to encourage users to modify their behavior. First, the evolution of past ambient display applications is analyzed according to their persuasive capabilities and environmental contexts, ranging from large-scale installations towards more personalized applications of ubiquitous and wearable computing. Accordingly, ambient displays could become a useful platform for unobtrusive, aesthetic applications that can augment our awareness and encourage positive behavior modifications relating to socially relevant issues.