gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel protein-tyrosine kinase cDNAs related to fps/fes and eph cloned using anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. (1988)

A rat brain lambda gt11 cDNA expression library was screened with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody to identify recombinant clones that encode enzymatically active protein-tyrosine kinases. The inserts of two bacteriophage that gave positive signals were sequenced. Both translation products possess sequence motifs characteristic of protein-tyrosine kinases. However, each polypeptide is distinct from previously described members of the tyrosine kinase family. The predicted product of the lambda B1 clone contains a catalytic domain and C-terminal tail most closely related to the eph gene product, a presumed transmembrane receptor-like protein-tyrosine kinase. The clone lambda B2 encodes a partial SH2 domain and a kinase domain similar in organization and sequence to the fps/fes cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinase. These new protein-tyrosine kinases (elk and flk) are apparently members of subfamilies for which eph and fps/fes are prototypes. elk is predominantly expressed in brain, while flk RNA is widely distributed and most abundant in testes. The preferential isolation of cDNAs for previously uncharacterized protein-tyrosine kinases in a screen based on catalytic activity suggests that additional members of the protein-tyrosine kinase family remain to be identified.
Cerebral perfusion correlates of depressed mood (1997)

Depressive symptom changes are associated with metabolic changes in the cingulate gyrus and associated paralimbic structures.
Randomized clinical trials and longitudinal observational studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: consensus on a preliminary core set of outcome domains. (1999)

The OMERACT module on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) dealt with the definition of preliminary core sets of outcome domains for randomized clinical trials (RCT) and longitudinal observational studies (LOS). After lectures introducing the problems and addressing the key issues, 6 discussion groups, 3 each for LOS and RCT, discussed and weighted more than a dozen possible items for use as outcome domains. The means of the respective 3 groups were calculated. For both RCT and LOS the same outcome domains received more than 10 of a total maximum of 100 points: disease activity, health related quality of life (HRQOL), damage, and toxicity/adverse events. However, the weights for HRQOL and damage were different for LOS and RCT. A final vote led to the acceptance of these 4 variables as a preliminary core set for outcome in SLE by more than 80% of the participants. This core set will allow for improved design, performance, and evaluation of future studies in SLE. However, a number of domains not included in the core set were regarded as important for further analysis and research.
Molecular cloning of CIF1, a yeast gene necessary for growth on glucose (1992)

The cif1 mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Navon et al., Biochemistry 18, 4487-4499, 1979) causes inability to grow on glucose and absence of catabolite inactivation. We have cloned the CIF1 gene by complementation of function and located it in a 2.75 kb SphI-BstEII fragment situated at ca. 18 kb centromere distal of LYS2 and ca. 80 kb centromere proximal of TYR1 on chromosome II. Southern analysis demonstrated that CIF1 is present in a single copy in the yeast genome. Northern analysis revealed that the corresponding mRNA of 1.8 kb is more abundant in cells grown on galactose than in those grown on glucose. A protein of ca. 54 kDa was predicted from the open reading frame in the sequenced fragment. In strains carrying the cif1 mutation the intracellular concentration of ATP decreased immediately after addition of glucose while the intracellular concentration of cAMP did not increase. cAMP concentration increased in response to galactose or 2,4-dinitrophenol. Disruption of BCY1 or overexpression of CDC25 in a cif1 background did not restore growth on glucose, suggesting that the absence of cAMP signal is not the primary cause of lack of growth on glucose. Complementation tests showed that cif1 is not allelic to fdp1 although the two genes seem to be functionally related.
Standard of care and future pharmacological treatment options for malignant glioma: an urgent need for screening and identification of novel tumor-specific antigens (2014)

Screening and identification of tumor-specific mutations is critical for the advancement of effective therapy that is both safe and precise for the patient. Two unique antigens found in glioblastoma are currently being employed as targets for immunotherapeutic vaccines, one of which has advanced to Phase III testing. Whole genome sequencing of MGs has yielded two other novel mutations that offer great promise for the development of molecular inhibitors.
Antenatal steroids decrease blood-brain barrier permeability in the ovine fetus (1999)

Antenatal corticosteroid therapy reduces the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. Enhanced microvascular integrity might provide protection against intraventricular hemorrhage. In the adult, there is evidence to suggest that the blood-brain barrier may be under hormonal control. We hypothesized that antenatal corticosteroids decrease blood-brain barrier permeability in the preterm ovine fetus. Chronically instrumented 120-day-gestation fetuses were studied 12 h after the last of four 6-mg dexamethasone (n = 5) or placebo (n = 6) injections had been given over 48 h to the ewes. Blood-brain barrier function was quantified with the blood-to-brain transfer constant (Ki) for alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB). Ki was significantly lower across brain regions in the fetuses of ewes that received antenatal dexamethasone compared with placebo (ANOVA; interaction, F = 2.54, P < 0.004). In fetuses of dexamethasone- and placebo-treated ewes, Ki (microliter . g brain wt-1. min-1, mean +/- SD) was, respectively, 2.43 +/- 0.27 vs. 3.41 +/- 0.74 in the cortex, 4.46 +/- 0.49 vs. 5.29 +/- 0.85 in the cerebellum, and 3.70 +/- 0.49 vs. 5.11 +/- 0.70 in the medulla. We conclude that antenatal treatment with corticosteroids reduces blood-brain permeability in the ovine fetus.
Synergistic effect of a noble metal free Ni(OH)2 co-catalyst and a ternary ZnIn2S4/g-C3N4 heterojunction for enhanced visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (2019)

A plausible reaction mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen production by employing a ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.
BCR-ABL- and Ras-independent activation of Raf as a novel mechanism of Imatinib resistance in CML (2011)

Although the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib has undoubtedly revolutionized the therapy of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), acquired drug resistance remains a common problem in CML therapy. Resistance often arises from second-line mutations in BCR-ABL or overexpression of the BCR-ABL protein but in ~20% of CML cases resistance mechanisms do not involve altered BCR-ABL function. Imatinib-resistant CML cell lines have been widely used for comparative proteome/genome-wide expression screens in order to decipher resistance mechanisms but a clearcut molecular mechanism or molecular player in BCR-ABL-independent resistance to Imatinib has not yet evolved from those studies. Here, we report the identification of a novel mechanism for Imatinib resistance in CML cells with unaltered BCR-ABL function. Pharmacological analysis evidenced a constitutive, Imatinib-insensitive activation of the Erk-MAPK pathway in resistant cells. A systematic analysis of pathway constituents illustrated that Ras-GTP accumulation remained fully sensitive to Imatinib but c-Raf activity from serum-fed cultures was largely resistant to the drug's action. Sequencing excluded mutations in either B-Raf or c-Raf as the origin of resistance, indicating that a functional alteration in the regulation of c-Raf activity was responsible for this effect. Collectively, these findings highlight a novel mechanism of acquired Imatinib resistance based on the BCR-ABL and Ras-independent constitutive activation of the Erk-MAPK pathway through activated c-Raf, which could prove helpful for a better functional classification of the causes of Imatinib resistance in CML.
Acute Liver Failure (1993)

Few conditions in medicine are more dramatic or more devastating than acute liver failure. Severe liver-cell dysfunction strikes previously well people suddenly, and many of them die. Acute liver failure embraces a number of conditions whose common thread is severe injury of hepatocytes or massive necrosis. Loss of hepatocyte function sets in motion a multiorgan response, and death may occur even when the liver has begun to recover. This article highlights recent advances in our understanding and management of this unique condition.Altered mental status (hepatic encephalopathy) and coagulopathy in the setting of an acute hepatic disease define acute liver . . .
Measurement of Interleukin‐13 (2001)

This unit describes two protocols that can be used to quantitate interleukin-13 (IL-13). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has the advantage of being highly specific for human IL-13 and does not recognize other cytokines present in the sample. A bioassay is also presented based on the ability of IL-13 to stimulate the growth of the B9 plasmacytoma cell line. The bioassay method can be used to detect both mouse and human IL-13. B9 cells are dependent on IL-6 for growth and will also respond to IL-4. Thus, although B9 cells can readily be used to quantify IL-13 in the absence of other cytokines, neutralizing antibodies must be incorporated into the bioassay when other cytokines are present in the sample.
Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) and Src Regulate the Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Function of the Androgen Receptor (2006)

The androgen receptor (AR) remains functionally important in the development and progression of prostate cancer even when the disease seems androgen "independent." Because signal transduction by growth factor receptors increases in advanced prostate cancer and is capable of sensitizing the AR to androgen, there is considerable interest in determining the mechanisms by which signaling systems can modulate AR function. We show herein that the adaptor/scaffolding protein receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), which was previously reported to interact with the AR, modulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of AR and its interaction with the Src tyrosine kinase. We also show that down-regulation of RACK1 by short interfering RNA inhibits growth and stimulates prostate-specific antigen transcription in androgen-treated prostate cancer cells. Our results suggest that RACK1 mediates the cross-talk of AR with additional binding partners, such as Src, and facilitates the tyrosine phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of the AR.
[Establishment and clinical application of Chinese language clear degree] (1995)

This study was established the Chinese language of clear degree.The subjects of this study consisted of 50 patients with postoperative of cleft lip and palate,congenital velopharyngeal incompetence,and 30 control group were normal articulation of persons.The results of this study may be helpful for further clinic of the cleft lip and palate patients of speech therapeutics.
The phage K lytic enzyme LysK and lysostaphin act synergistically to kill MRSA (2008)

LysK is the endolysin from the staphylococcal bacteriophage K, and can digest the cell wall of many staphylococci. Lysostaphin is a bacteriocin secreted by Staphylococcus simulans to kill Staphylococcus aureus. Both LysK and lysostaphin have been shown to lyse methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This study describes optimal reaction conditions for the recombinant His-tagged LysK protein (pH range pH 6-10, and 0.3-0.5 M NaCl), and C-His-LysK MIC (32.85+/-4.87 mug mL(-1)). LysK and lysostaphin demonstrate antimicrobial synergy by the checkerboard assay.
Fatty Acid Transduction of Nitric Oxide Signaling (2005)

The aqueous decay and concomitant release of nitric oxide (*NO) by nitrolinoleic acid (10-nitro-9,12-octadecadienoic acid and 12-nitro-9,12-octadecadienoic acid; LNO2) are reported. Mass spectrometric analysis of reaction products supports a modified Nef reaction as the mechanism accounting for the generation of *NO by the aqueous reactions of fatty acid nitroalkene derivatives. Nitrolinoleic acid is stabilized by an aprotic milieu, with LNO2 decay and *NO release strongly inhibited by phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposome membranes and detergents when present at levels above their critical micellar concentrations. The release of *NO from LNO2 was induced by UV photolysis and triiodide-based ozone chemiluminescence reactions currently used to quantify putative protein nitrosothiol and N-nitrosamine derivatives. This reactivity of LNO2 complicates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of biological oxides of nitrogen when applying UV photolysis and triiodide-based analytical systems to biological preparations typically abundant in nitrated fatty acids. The results reveal that nitroalkene derivatives of linoleic acid are pluripotent signaling mediators that act not only via receptor-dependent mechanisms, but also by transducing the signaling actions of *NO via pathways subject to regulation by the relative distribution of LNO2 to hydrophobic versus aqueous microenvironments.
Crohn's disease: the genetic contribution. (1993)

It is clear that the liability to develop Crohn's disease is influenced by a wide range of genetic and environmental factors. Few ofthese have been specifically identified and it is not known whether any single factor is essential for the development of Crohn's disease.
Stability of peptides and therapeutic success in cancer (2011)

Due to the metabolic process, it is crucial to follow the biodistribution of a peptide drug and/or a peptidic moiety in order to improve its biological properties such as selectivity. To these purposes, pseudopeptides and peptidomimetics preserving the biological properties of native peptides have been developed to increase their resistance to degradation and elimination, bioavailability and selectivity to become good drug candidates.
Synthetic Dialysis Shunts: Thrombolysis with the Cragg Thrombolytic Brush Catheter (1999)

Use of the Cragg catheter with urokinase offered faster and more complete clot lysis than did use of the pulsed spray with urokinase. The amount of urokinase used with the catheter was half that used with the pulsed spray. Shunt patency at 3 months was similar for the two treatment methods.
FoveAR: Combining an Optically See-Through Near-Eye Display with Spatial Augmented Reality Projections (2015)

Optically see-through (OST) augmented reality glasses can overlay spatially-registered computer-generated content onto the real world. However, current optical designs and weight considerations limit their diagonal field of view to less than 40 degrees, making it difficult to create a sense of immersion or give the viewer an overview of the augmented reality space. We combine OST glasses with a projectionbased spatial augmented reality display to achieve a novel display hybrid, called FoveAR , capable of greater than 100 degrees field of view, view dependent graphics, extended brightness and color, as well as interesting combinations of public and personal data display. We contribute details of our prototype implementation and an analysis of the interactive design space that our system enables. We also contribute four prototype experiences showcasing the capabilities of FoveAR as well as preliminary user feedback providing insights for enhancing future FoveAR experiences.
Flow microfluorometric analysis of nuclear DNA in cells from solid tumors and cell suspensions. A new method for rapid isolation and straining of nuclei. (1977)

A one-step procedure for the preparation of nuclei for flow microfluorometric DNA analysis is described. The membranes of the cells were lysed by the non-ionic detergent Nonidet P40. Single-cell suspensions, and specimens of solid tissues obtained with fine-needle biopsy, could be prepared equally well as the nuclei of solid tissue cells were released separately. Lysis was performed in the staining solution containing either ethidium bromide or propidium iodide. Fluorescence due to fluorochrome binding to RNA, was abolished instantaneously by the presence of RNA-se, and fluorochrome binding to secondary binding sites in DNA was inhibited with NaCl. The preparation time was 10 min and the samples were stable for a minimum of 12 h. With the basic version of the method, usable, but not always optimal, results were obtained in all the cell types tested: four different mouse ascites tumors, leucocytes, bone-marrow, liver cells, human lymphomas, human carcinomas of the breast and lung, mouse mammary carcinoma and solid JB-1 tumor. The method was further optimized for the JB-1 ascites tumour. The resulting two modified techniques are described. Differences in the staining of leucocytes with the analogues ethidium bromide and propidium iodide were demonstrated.
Templated synthesis of gold–iron alloy nanoparticles using pulsed laser deposition (2006)

A means for synthesizing paramagnetic nanoparticles composed of an Au–Fe alloy is described using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of the alloy into a mesoporous alumina membrane template. Nanoparticles 46 ± 13 nm in diameter and composed of a 17% Fe alloy have been created by depositing a 35% Fe alloy into a template with 65 nm diameter pores. These paramagnetic nanoparticles had a saturation magnetization of 11. 5e mu g −1 at 2000 G, and their UV–visible extinction spectrum was dominated by strong absorption similar to that of Fe 3O4 nanoparticles. The surfaces of these nanoparticles were readily functionalized with a dense monolayer of DNA oligonucleotides that had a 5 � thiol group. The Au–Fe nanoparticles appear to be well suited for biotechnological applications and single molecule measurements as they can be synthesized in a specific size range, are strongly paramagnetic, and may be easily functionalized with biological macromolecules. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
L'Écriture du théâtre et de la philosophie chez Gabriel Marcel: L'apport des manuscrits (2007)

Dramaturgo y filosofo, Gabriel Marcel ha prestado igual atencion e importancia al teatro y la filosofia, medios de expresion que constituyen el nucleo de su produccion. Resulta evidente que los escritos filosoficos prevalecen sobre los teatrales en la obra del autor ; no obstante, ambos generos aparecen intimamente conectados en terminos de afinidad tematica. ?Pueden los manuscritos revelar la imbricacion de ambos generos ? ?Aparece ligada la genesis de esos dos modos o, por el contrario, estamos ante dos regimenes de escritura diferentes en funcion del genero abordado, como sucede en el caso de Sartre ? Recurrir a las fuentes manuscritas permite comprender las inquietudes y preocupaciones del autor (en su correspondencia, sobre todo) y, al mismo tiempo, analizar la evolucion comparada de las genesis dramatica y filosofica. Lo que nos interesa es precisamente el lugar respectivo que ocupa cada creacion en el conjunto de la obra de Marcel. La cuestion, pues, es si la escritura de los textos teatrales, que, al menos cronologicamente, parece anticipar la escritura de las obras filosoficas, no deriva en realidad de una exigencia filosofica. Los manuscritos de las obras para teatro dan testimonio del punto de cristalizacion del texto : el desenlace, a menudo eludido, siempre aparece en el filo respecto al modelo de la tragedia clasica. La singularidad de la forma dramatica conecta asi con la metafisica de Marcel, basada en la esperanza.
Antibacterial action of several tannins against Staphylococcus aureus (2001)

We examined the antibacterial action of several tannins on plasma coagulation by Staphylococcus aureus and the effect of conventional chemotherapy combined with tannic acid below the MIC. Coagulation was inhibited in plasma containing tannic acid (100 mg/L), gallic acid (5000 mg/L), ellagic acid (5000 mg/L), (-)-epicatechin (1500 mg/L), (-)-epicatechin gallate (500 mg/L) or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (200 mg/L) after incubation for 24 h. All tannins inhibited coagulation at a concentration below the MIC. The MICs of oxacillin and cefdinir for S. aureus were reduced to < or = 0.06 mg/L in Mueller-Hinton agar plates with tannic acid (100 mg/L) at a concentration below the MIC. The antistaphylococcal activity of tannic acid was reduced in plates with 10% rabbit blood, but not in those with 10% rabbit plasma. Membranous structures formed in a culture medium containing equal proportions of plasma and tryptic soy broth after incubation for 24 h. The colony counts of S. aureus in membranous structures in the medium containing oxacillin (40 mg/L) and tannic acid (100 mg/L) were c. 10-fold lower than those in medium containing oxacillin (40 mg/L) alone (P < 0.01). Tannic acid merits further investigation as a possible adjuvant agent against S. aureus skin infections treated with beta-lactam antibiotics.
Histogram equalization of 24-bit color images in the color difference (C-Y) color space (1995)

We describe a method of enhancing color images by applying histogram equalization to the saturation component in the color difference (C-Y) color space. When histogram equalization is applied to the saturation component of a 24-bit image, the transform often leads to red, green, and blue components that exceed the realizable RGB intensities. The histogram equalization algorithm presented reduces this problem by taking into account the relationship that exists between luminance and saturation and how the luminance value limits the range of possible saturations. This method also retains a more uniform distribution of color saturation once the components are transformed back into the RGB space. This is important for images that contain high-luminance, low-saturation features.
Some Internet Architectural Guidelines and Philosophy (2002)

This document extends RFC 1958 by outlining some of the philosophical guidelines to which architects and designers of Internet backbone networks should adhere. We describe the Simplicity Principle, which states that complexity is the primary mechanism that impedes efficient scaling, and discuss its implications on the architecture, design and engineering issues found in large scale Internet backbones.
Spectrophotometric Measurements of pH in-Situ:  Laboratory and Field Evaluations of Instrumental Performance (2006)

Automated in-situ instrumentation has been developed for precise and accurate measurements of a variety of analytes in natural waters. In this work we describe the use of 'SEAS' (spectrophotometric elemental analysis system) instrumentation for measurements of solution pH. SEAS-pH incorporates a CCD-based spectrophotometer, an incandescent light source, and dual pumps for mixing natural water samples with a sulfonephthalein indicator. The SEAS-pH optical cell consists of either a liquid core waveguide (LCW, Teflon AF-2400) or a custom-made PEEK cell. Long optical path lengths allow use of indicators at low concentrations, thereby precluding large indicator-induced pH perturbations. Laboratory experiments show that pH measurements obtained using LCW and PEEK optical cells are indistinguishable from measurements obtained using conventional spectrophotometric cells and high-performance spectrophotometers. Deployments in the Equatorial Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate that SEAS-pH instruments are capable of obtaining vertical pH profiles with high spatial resolution. SEAS-pH deployments at a fixed river-site (Hillsborough River, FL) demonstrate the capability of SEAS for observations of diel pH cycles with high temporal resolution. The in-situ precision of SEAS-pH is assessed as 0.0014 pH units, and the system's measurement frequency is approximately 0.5 Hz. This work indicates that in-situ instrumentation can be used to provide accurate, precise, and highly resolved observations of carbon-system transformations in the natural environment.