gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in red cell membranes. Does decreased activity impair erythrocyte deformability in ischemic stroke patients? (1993)

Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor (1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). It also hydrolyzes oxidized derivatives of phosphatidylcholine that have a short-chain acyl residue at the sn-2 position. This enzyme may act mainly in the degradation of oxidized phospholipids and may play a role in maintaining erythrocyte deformability. Therefore, we assessed the activity of red cell membrane platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in patients with ischemic stroke and studied the relation of the enzyme activity to red cell deformability. Enzyme activity was measured in the detergent extract of red cell membranes from 38 patients with cerebral thrombosis and 38 age-matched healthy volunteers. Red cell filterability, an index of red cell deformability, was also measured. The enzyme activity in patients and control subjects was 100 +/- 74 and 148 +/- 128 nmol/g protein per minute (2.68 +/- 2.11 and 3.79 +/- 2.46 pmol/10(9) cells per minute) (mean +/- SD), respectively, and the difference was significant (p &lt; 0.05 by the Mann-Whitney U test, two-sided test). Enzyme activity was correlated positively with red cell filterability in the patients (n = 20, r = 0.565, p &lt; 0.01). Red blood cells from stroke patients have lower levels of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity when compared with those from healthy subjects. This may result in the accumulation of oxidized lipids in the cell membrane and lead to impaired red cell deformability in patients with cerebral thrombosis.
Covalent bonding of PMMA, PBMA, and poly(HEMA) to hydroxyapatite particles (1998)

In our earlier study, we showed that the surface hydroxyl groups of hydroxyapatite have the ability to react with organic isocyanate groups. In this study, the feasibility of grafting poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA), and Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)] by using the reaction of isocyanate groups with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of HA was investigated. Double bonds were introduced to the surface of HA via the coupling reaction of isocyanateoethyl methacrylate (ICEM) with HA, or through hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and HA, followed by radical polymerization in MMA, BMA, or HEMA. Infrared spectra indicated the existence of polymers on the surfaces of HA. Thermogravimetric analysis also confirmed the presence of grafted polymers on the surface of HA powder particles (20-26 wt%). The polymers gave typical PMMA, PBMA, or poly(HEMA) infrared spectra, with the exception of amide bands, a result of the coupling reaction of ICEM or HMDI with hydroxy groups of HA or HEMA. Therefore it is concluded that the polymers were chemically bonded to the surface of HA through the isocyanate groups of ICEM or HMDI.
Approximate continuous-time optimal control in obstacle avoidance by time/space discretization of non-convex state constraints (2004)

This paper addresses an approximate version of the optimal control problem with non-convex state constraints via discretization of time and space, where the specific application pursued is the obstacle avoidance problem. First, it is pointed out that the standard continuous-time cost function with the final state fixed is not suitable to the optimal control problem under the non-convex state constraints, and then a new cost function including intermediate target states is proposed. Next, for the optimal control problem with this cost function, where the non-convex state constraints are discretized with respect to time axis and state space, an optimal continuous-time control is given in an explicit form, including the intermediate target states obtained by solving a discrete optimization problem. Efficient algorithms such as the breadth first search algorithm can be applied to this discrete problem. Thus the continuous-time trajectory as well as the discretized state at each discrete time is simultaneously optimized. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach with numerical simulations
Class II fusion protein of alphaviruses drives membrane fusion through the same pathway as class I proteins (2005)

Viral fusion proteins of classes I and II differ radically in their initial structures but refold toward similar conformations upon activation. Do fusion pathways mediated by alphavirus E1 and influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) that exemplify classes II and I differ to reflect the difference in their initial conformations, or concur to reflect the similarity in the final conformations? Here, we dissected the pathway of low pH-triggered E1-mediated cell-cell fusion by reducing the numbers of activated E1 proteins and by blocking different fusion stages with specific inhibitors. The discovered progression from transient hemifusion to small, and then expanding, fusion pores upon an increase in the number of activated fusion proteins parallels that established for HA-mediated fusion. We conclude that proteins as different as E1 and HA drive fusion through strikingly similar membrane intermediates, with the most energy-intensive stages following rather than preceding hemifusion. We propose that fusion reactions catalyzed by all proteins of both classes follow a similar pathway.
Oral Octreotide Absorption in Human Subjects: Comparable Pharmacokinetics to Parenteral Octreotide and Effective Growth Hormone Suppression (2012)

The results support an oral octreotide alternative to parenteral octreotide treatment for patients with acromegaly.
Eleutherobin, a New Cytotoxin that Mimics Paclitaxel (Taxol) by Stabilizing Microtubules (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEleutherobin, a New Cytotoxin that Mimics Paclitaxel (Taxol) by Stabilizing MicrotubulesThomas Lindel, Paul R. Jensen, William Fenical, Byron H. Long, Anna Maria Casazza, Joan Carboni, and Craig R. FairchildView Author Information Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of CaliforniaSan Diego La Jolla, California 92093-0236 Oncology Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, P.O. Box 4000 Princeton, New Jersey 05843 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 37, 8744–8745Publication Date (Web):September 17, 1997Publication History Received2 June 1997Published online17 September 1997Published inissue 1 September 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9717828https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9717828rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1461Altmetric-Citations243LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antineoplastic agents,Cancer,Carbohydrates,Cells,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Speeding in AMPA-EPSC Decay Time at the Calyx of Held (2005)

The time course of synaptic conductance is important in temporal precision of information processing in the neuronal network. The AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-mediated EPSCs at the calyx of Held become faster in decay time as animals mature. To clarify how desensitization and deactivation of AMPARs contribute to developmental speeding of EPSCs, we compared the decay time of quantal EPSCs (qEPSCs) with the deactivation and desensitization times of AMPAR currents induced in excised patches by fast glutamate application (AMPA patch currents). Both the deactivation and desensitization times of AMPA patch currents became markedly faster from postnatal day 7 (P7) to P14 and changed little thereafter. In individual neurons, throughout development (P7-P21), the time constants of deactivation and fast desensitization in AMPA patch currents were similar to each other and close to the qEPSC decay time constant. Cyclothiazide (CTZ) abolished the fast desensitization, prolonged deactivation of AMPA patch currents, and slowed the decay time of EPSCs. The effects of CTZ on AMPA patch currents were unchanged throughout development, whereas its effect on EPSCs became weaker as animals matured. In single-cell reverse transcription-PCR analysis, glutamate receptor subunit 4 (GluR4) flop increased from P7 to P14 and changed little thereafter. At P7, the GluR4 flop abundance had an inverse correlation with the qEPSC decay time. These results together suggest that both desensitization and deactivation of AMPARs are involved in the EPSC decay time, but the contribution of desensitization decreases during postnatal development at the calyx of Held.
Biosynthesis of Plant Isoprenoids: Perspectives for Microbial Engineering (2009)

Isoprenoids are a large and highly diverse group of natural products with many functions in plant primary and secondary metabolism. Isoprenoids are synthesized from common prenyl diphosphate precursors through the action of terpene synthases and terpene-modifying enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Many isoprenoids have important applications in areas such as human health and nutrition, and much effort has been directed toward their production in microbial hosts. However, many hurdles must be overcome in the elucidation and functional microbial expression of the genes responsible for biosynthesis of an isoprenoid of interest. Here, we review investigations into isoprenoid function and gene discovery in plants as well as the latest advances in isoprenoid pathway engineering in both plant and microbial hosts.
Comparison between robustified feedforward and feedback for achieving parameter robustness (1992)

Both robustified feedforward and feedback control approaches for uncertain dynamical systems (in particular, with uncertainty in structural mode frequency) are investigated. The control objective is to achieve a fast settling time (high performance) and robustness (insensitivity) to plant uncertainty. Preshaping of an ideal, time-optimal control input using a tapped-delay filter is shown to provide a fast settling time with robust performance. A robust, nonminimum-phase feedback controller is synthesized with particular emphasis on its proper implementation for a nonzero set-point control problem. It is shown that a properly designed, feedback controller performs well, as compared with a time-optimal open-loop controller with special preshaping for performance robustness.
Adenosine Triphosphate and Other Requirements for the Utilization of Glucose by Agents of the Psittacosis-Trachoma Group (1965)

Weiss, Emilio (Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Md.). Adenosine triphosphate and other requirements for the utilization of glucose by agents of the psittacosis-trachoma group. J. Bacteriol. 90:243-253. 1965.-The agent of meningopneumonitis cultivated in the allantoic cavity of chick embryos and purified by differential centrifugations was employed for most of the studies of the requirements for glucose utilization. The evolution of C(14)O(2) from glucose-1-C(14) was used as the criterion of metabolic activity in most experiments. The rate of glucose utilization increased somewhat during the first hour of incubation at 34.4 C and became approximately constant during the second hour. Changes in glucose concentration from 1 to 5 mm did not appreciably affect metabolic activity. More vigorous CO(2) production was obtained when the ratio of K(+)-Na(+) was >1 and, under certain conditions, when the concentration of inorganic phosphate was relatively high (0.05 m). Glucose utilization was entirely dependent on added adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Mg(++). The effect of ATP was greatly reduced when the microorganisms were partially disrupted with sonic energy. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) could be substituted for ATP, but the activity was reduced to less than 20%. ATP was not required when glucose-6-phosphate was substituted for glucose. With ADP and glucose, glucose-6-phosphate was an effective competitor of glucose utilization. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) enhanced CO(2) production from carbon 1, but not from other carbons, with glucose and, especially, glucose-6-phosphate as substrates. ATP and NADP produced the above-described effects only when their concentrations were comparable to those of the substrates. These concentrations always exceeded the amount of CO(2) produced (0.05 to 0.5 mumole/mg of agent protein). The concentration of NADP could be reduced when oxidized glutathione was added. Diphosphothiamine had no effect on CO(2) production. Qualitatively similar results were obtained with the agent of trachoma purified from yolk sac. These experiments furnish evidence that agents of the psittacosistrachoma group, despite their enzymatic capabilities, require an exogenous source of energy.
Blood Pressure Control—Special Role of the Kidneys and Body Fluids (1991)

The arterial pressure of the adult human rarely deviates from normal by more than 10 to 15 percent during each day. To achieve such constancy, the body has a network of pressure control systems. Several are based on neural receptors that respond within seconds to help correct any abnormal pressure. The activities of these systems are followed within minutes by activation of hormonal controllers. Within hours or days, a kidney pressure control system is induced that increases body fluid volume when the pressure falls (or decreases the volume when the pressure rises). This kidney-fluid system is the dominant method of establishing long-term pressure control.
Visual servoing for fast mobile robot: adaptive estimation of kinematic parameters (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the kinematic parameters of a relative motion between a mobile robot and an unknown obstacle. The authors use the information issued from a camera coupled with a laser stripe. In the first part, an adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) is proposed to perform this estimation, the performances of this method are displayed for a complex motion example realized in simulation. In the second part, two parallel implementation methods of this filter are investigated, the first is data oriented and the second one is based on the properties of the filter. In the third part, the authors describe the hardware implementation which has been realized on transputer boards and give the calibration results and performances of this system. Finally, a real application on a laboratory mobile robot is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Shape Manifolds, Procrustean Metrics, and Complex Projective Spaces (1984)

The shape-space ∑ m k whose points σ represent the shapes of not totally degenerate k-ads in Rm is introduced as a quotient space carrying the quotient metric. When m = 1, we find that ∑ 1 k = S K − 2 when m ⩾ 3, the shape-space contains singularities. This paper deals mainly with the case m = 2, when the shape-space ∑ 2 k can be identified with a version of CPk−2. Of special importance are the shape-measures induced on CPk−2 by any assigned diffuse law of distribution for the k vertices. We determine several such shape-measures, we resolve some of the technical problems associated with the graphic presentation and statistical analysis of empirical shape distributions, and among applications we discuss the relevance of these ideas to testing for the presence of non-accidental multiple alignments in collections of (i) neolithic stone monuments and (ii) quasars. Finally the recently introduced Ambartzumian density is examined from the present point of view, its norming constant is found, and its connexion with random Crofton polygons is established.
High-yield production of functionally active human serum transferrin using a baculovirus expression system, and its structural characterization (1996)

Recently, there has been much interest in expressing recombinant human serum transferrin (HST) and mutants thereof for structural and functional studies. We have developed a baculovirus expression system for the rapid and efficient production of large quantities of HST (> 20 mg/l). Like native HST, the recombinant protein can bind two ferric ions in the presence of bicarbonate, and is actively taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Secondary structure calculations from CD measurements indicate a content of 42% alpha-helix and 28% beta-sheet. This is the first reported use of a non-mammalian expression system to produce functional HST, and will provide a practical tool to allow expression of a wide range of HST variants for mutagenesis studies.
Phosgene immonium salts. XIII. Dichloromalonyl cyanines and 3,5-bis(dimethylamino)pyrazoles (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosgene immonium salts. XIII. Dichloromalonyl cyanines and 3,5-bis(dimethylamino)pyrazolesGuy J. De Voghel, Terry L. Eggerichs, Zdenek Janousek, and Heinz G. VieheCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 9, 1233–1235Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00923a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00923a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular mechanics. The MM3 force field for hydrocarbons. 1 (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular mechanics. The MM3 force field for hydrocarbons. 1Norman L. Allinger, Young H. Yuh, and Jenn Huei LiiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 23, 8551–8566Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00205a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00205a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6327Altmetric-Citations2493LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Highly Stretchable Alkaline Batteries Based on an Embedded Conductive Fabric (2012)

A stretchable alkaline battery based on a embedded stretchable silver fabric is fabricated with an open circuit potential (OCV) of 1.5 V and capacity of 3.775 mAh/cm2. No drop in discharge capacity is observed with strain up to 100%. Two batteries connected in series continued to power a red LED even when stretched to 150% and twisted by 90 degrees. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
“Soft” Controls for Hard Displays: Still a Challenge (1992)

Future trends in design of controls and displays for cockpit sub-systems (electrical, pneumatics, fuel, etc.), will undoubtedly focus on replacing dedicated “hard” controls with reconfigurable “soft” controls depicted on the sub-system schematic display. This concept would allow for direct manipulation of mechanical components via the display. The case study reported here discusses the approach, redesign, and evaluation of soft controls and multi-functional displays for the Advanced Concepts Flight Simulator (ACFS), a two-engine, “generic” airliner. The redesign effort focused on the input interface (a touch sensitive screen), the display concept, and improving “navigation” among sub-system displays. The paper concludes with a summary of questionnaire data and comments of 26 airline pilots who flew a four-segment mission in the simulator. The subjective results indicated that pilots favored the direct manipulation concepts and the ability to link alerts, procedures, and configuration tasks. However, the technology used to support this concept still requires improvements.
Stripped-down DNA repair in a highly reduced parasite (2007)

Given the large number of DNA repair genes that are absent from the double strand break repair pathways, E. cuniculi is a prime candidate for the study of double strand break repair with minimal machinery. Strikingly, all of the double strand break repair genes that have been retained by E. cuniculi participate in other biological pathways.