gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of nestin in rat and human glomerular podocytes. (2007)

Nestin is a neuroepithelial precursor cell marker expressed in a variety of human cell types during development. However, no information exists on the expression of nestin in mature glomeruli as well as during the glomerular development. Here, we examined nestin expression in rat and human glomerular tissues in quiescent states using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods. Nestin mRNA was detected in the rat glomeruli in parallel with its expression in developing rat brains. In the normal mature rat glomeruli, WT-1 positive cells expressed nestin. Co-expression of nestin and vimentin was observed in mature rat podocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed nestin localization in the cell bodies and primary processes of podocytes. A similar expression pattern was observed for vimentin. In matured glomeruli, nestin was not expressed by mesangial and endothelial cells. In the newborn rat, early developing glomeruli (metanephric cap, metanephric vesicle, comma-shaped vesicle and S-shaped body phases) expressed nestin. In the capillary loop stage, Bowman's capsules also expressed nestin. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that developing podocytes and endothelial cells in S-shaped phase glomeruli expressed nestin. Additionally, in immature glomeruli, the mesangial cells in capillary stage of glomerulus also expressed nexin. As in the rat, WT-1 positive cells in human glomeruli also expressed nestin and immunoelectron microscopy confirmed nestin expression in human glomerular podocytes. These results reveal that in normal condition nestin is expressed in several glomerular cell types at early stage of development and becomes confined to podocytes in mature glomeruli, thus implicating nestin in podocyte functions.
Short Report: Geographic Distribution of Different Genetic Types of Ehrlichia chaffeensis (1997)

The 120-kD protein gene of Ehrlichia chaffeensis was used to characterize ehrlichial DNA from seven pools of adult Amblyomma americanum ticks. Ticks from Missouri, Kentucky, and North Carolina contained E. chaffeensis DNA of the Arkansas strain genotype. Ticks from North Carolina also contained ehrlichiae of the Sapulpa strain genotype, originally identified in Oklahoma.
The role of noninvasive testing in the evaluation of chronic venous problems (1986)

Abstract Noninvasive instrumentation is now available to evaluate venous function in patients with a wide variety of chronic venous problems. The present analysis attempts to review the use of directional flow detection by Doppler ultrasound, venous refilling or maximal venous outflow by plethysmography, and the newly introduced venous imaging techniques (B‐mode and duplex scanning) in evaluation of patients with varicose veins, the postphlebitic syndrome, sequelae after acute deep‐vein thrombosis, and venous reconstructive surgery. Venous refilling time recorded by the photoplethysmograph is the simplest technique for assessment of venous dysfunction, and it can identify venous stasis or ulcer as a result of long saphenous vein insufficiency. Both the B‐mode and the duplex scan allow direct examination of venous valve motion and determination of valve competency. The latter technique holds promise in the evaluation of venous valve reconstructive surgery and, more important, in accurate assessment of venous valve damage following acute deep‐vein thrombosis .
Enrichment and characterization of peripheral blood‐derived megakaryocyte progenitors that mature in short‐term liquid culture (1994)

A population of peripheral blood-derived cells that mature into megakaryocytes within four to eight days of liquid culture is described. This population was enriched from normal leukapheresis units by counterflow centrifugal elutriation and CD34 selection. The cells were incubated in suspension with known megakaryocyte growth or maturation factors. Megakaryocytes were identified within the cultures with antibodies to platelet-glycoproteins (Ib and IIb) and cytologically classified as stage I-IV cells. Plasma from aplastic dogs (APK9) or human recombinant interleukin 3 (IL-3) were the only culture additives which reproducibly resulted in megakaryocyte development. The activity present in APK9 was relatively megakaryocyte-specific while IL-3 was not. The phenotype of the short-term megakaryocyte progenitor cell population was determined by FACS and found to be CD34bright but not CD34dull or CD34-. The population was further characterized as CD34+/CD38+ and CD34+/HLA-DR+. Both CD34+/CD41- and CD34+/CD41+ populations contained megakaryocyte progenitor cells, although megakaryocytes that developed from the latter population were fewer in number. In summary, we have developed an enrichment protocol that, when coupled with a liquid culture assay system, enabled us to characterize short-term megakaryocyte progenitors from peripheral blood. These cells may be important for early platelet recovery in transplantation settings.
Phosphorylated TDP‐43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2008)

These results suggest that phosphorylated TDP-43 is a major component of the inclusions, and that abnormal phosphorylation of TDP-43 is a critical step in the pathogenesis of FTLD-U and ALS. Phosphorylation-specific antibodies will be powerful tools for the investigation of these disorders.
Social and educational aspects of mealtimes for handicapped and nonhandicapped presohoolers (1983)

Mealtimes serve important social and educational functions for all children. This article reports an observational study of the extent to which teachers of handicapped and nonhandicapped preschoolers use mealtimes to teach and practice functional skills. The lunch routine (pre-eating activities, physical setting, food service, mealtime interaction, posteating activities, organizing the mealtime routine, and teaching during mealtime) was observed in 40 preschool classrooms (20 handicapped and 20 nonhandicapped programs). Although the meals observed were warm and pleasant experiences, teachers generally did not capitalize on the potential of meals for teaching and reinforcing functional skills. Implications of these findings are discussed, and a sequence of mealtime instructional targets is provided.
New Insights into Hypercoagulable States (1986)

Recent findings have forced us to reevaluate the long-held view that the coagulation cascade operates as an amplifying system. We now recognize that the powerful forces that drive the hemostatic mechanism are offset by equally powerful forces that turn it off. Several hypercoagulable states are associated with specific defects in natural anticoagulant mechanisms.
Relationship between selectin-mediated rolling of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and progression in hematopoietic development (2000)

Current understanding of the adhesion molecules and mechanisms regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) homing to the bone marrow is limited. In contrast, the process by which mature leukocytes are able to home to and extravasate out of blood vessels at sites of inflammation has been well characterized and invites comparison. We studied the interaction of human HSPC from adult bone marrow (ABM) and fetal liver (FL) with E-, P-, and L-selectin immobilized in a flow chamber. CD34(+) HSPC from both ABM and FL rolled avidly on E-, P-, and L-selectin across a range of physiologic shear rates, indicating the presence of ligands for all three selectins on HSPC. Results indicate that CD34(+ )ABM and FL cells roll more efficiently (to a greater extent and more slowly) than more differentiated CD34(-) cells, especially on P- and L-selectin. In a similar fashion, increased rolling efficiency was seen with CD34(+)CD38(-) ABM cells when compared with committed progenitor cells of the CD34(+)CD38(+) phenotype. Rolling of CD34(+) ABM cells on P-selectin could be partially inhibited by monoclonal antibody (mAb) against PSGL-1, and was not inhibited by a mAb against CD34, suggesting that HSPC have unique carbohydrate repertoires that facilitate selectin-mediated rolling. Our results provide direct evidence of selectin ligands on HSPC under physiologic flow conditions and are the first to show a correlation between the maturity of HSPC during development and rolling efficiency on selectins, suggesting a mechanism by which HSPC subsets may differentially home to the extravascular spaces of the bone marrow. (Blood. 2000;95:478-486)
Radiotherapy for extranodal, marginal zone, B‐cell lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue originating in the ocular adnexa (2003)

Radiotherapy offers excellent local control with a prolonged clinical course for patients with MALT lymphoma in the ocular adnexa. The initial response to radiotherapy marginally influenced the probability of recurrence.
Nonpeptide orexin type-2 receptor agonist ameliorates narcolepsy-cataplexy symptoms in mouse models (2017)

Narcolepsy-cataplexy is a debilitating disorder of sleep/wakefulness caused by a loss of orexin-producing neurons in the lateroposterior hypothalamus. Genetic or pharmacologic orexin replacement ameliorates symptoms in mouse models of narcolepsy-cataplexy. We have recently discovered a potent, nonpeptide OX2R-selective agonist, YNT-185. This study validates the pharmacological activity of this compound in OX2R-transfected cells and in OX2R-expressing neurons in brain slice preparations. Intraperitoneal, and intracerebroventricular, administration of YNT-185 suppressed cataplexy-like episodes in orexin knockout and orexin neuron-ablated mice, but not in orexin receptor-deficient mice. Peripherally administered YNT-185 also promotes wakefulness without affecting body temperature in wild-type mice. Further, there was no immediate rebound sleep after YNT-185 administration in active phase in wild-type and orexin-deficient mice. No desensitization was observed after repeated administration of YNT-185 with respect to the suppression of cataplexy-like episodes. These results provide a proof-of-concept for a mechanistic therapy of narcolepsy-cataplexy by OX2R agonists.
Dynamic file allocation in disk arrays (1991)

article Free Access Share on Dynamic file allocation in disk arrays Authors: Gerhard Weikum ETH Zurich, Department of Computer Science, Information Systems, Databases, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland ETH Zurich, Department of Computer Science, Information Systems, Databases, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandView Profile , Peter Zabback ETH Zurich, Department of Computer Science, Information Systems, Databases, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland ETH Zurich, Department of Computer Science, Information Systems, Databases, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandView Profile , Peter Scheuermann Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IllinoisView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMOD RecordVolume 20Issue 2June 1991pp 406–415https://doi.org/10.1145/119995.115859Published:01 April 1991Publication History 59citation791DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations59Total Downloads791Last 12 Months37Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Erasure of Cellular Memory by Fusion with Pluripotent Cells (2007)

Pluripotent cells have been suggested as a prime source to reprogram somatic cells. We used F9 EC cells as a pluripotent partner to reprogram neurosphere cells (NSCs) because they exhibit a nonneural differentiation potential in the presence of retinoic acid. F9-NSC hybrid cells displayed various features of reprogramming, such as reactivation of pluripotency genes, inactivation of tissue-specific genes, and reactivation of the inactive X chromosome. As the hybrid cells undergo differentiation, the pluripotency markers Oct4 and Nanog were downregulated. Whereas neural marker genes were not upregulated, endodermal and mesodermal markers were, suggesting that NSCs lose memory of their neural origin and preferentially differentiate to the lineages corresponding to the F9 program. After fusion, the methylation status in the Xist region was similar to that of F9 EC cells. However, upon differentiation, the Xist region failed to resume the methylation patterns of differentiated cells, suggesting that the Xist in F9-NSC hybrids does not easily acquire a differentiated state.
Toward an Understanding of the Drug−DNA Recognition Mechanism. Hydrogen-Bond Strength in Netropsin−DNA Complexes (1996)

An ab initio quantum mechanical study of the binding of basic minor-groove drugs to DNA has been undertaken considering three interacting model systems, two concerning hydrogen bonds between amide moieties and one involving an interaction with a charged group. These are thymine···formamide, thymine···N-methylacetamide, and thymine···thyleneiminium. The effect of the solvent on the interaction energy has been explored by using a self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) method based on the high-level Miertus−Scrocco−Tomasi algorithm. Furthermore, we have made a comparison of the intermolecular geometries of drug−DNA interactions by extracting information from the Nucleic Acid Data Base. The results indicate that interactions involving a charged group are about 5 times stronger than hydrogen bonds between noncharged groups in a gas-phase environment. However, both types of interactions are greatly modulated by the solvent. Thus, whereas a hydrogen bond between noncharged groups is clearly a hydrophobic interaction, the strong polarization effect induced by the charged group would eliminate the unfavorable effect of the solvent if a small variation of the intermolecular geometry is considered. These results suggest that interactions involving charged groups play a crucial role in the drug−DNA recognition and binding mechanism.
Preparation of scaffolds from human hair proteins for tissue-engineering applications (2008)

Human hair proteins were isolated and purified for the fabrication of tissue-engineering scaffolds. Their cellular compatibility was studied using NIH3T3 mice fibroblast cells. The proteins were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for molecular weights and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for their isoelectric points (pIs). The molecular weights of keratins were in the range of 40-60 kilo-Daltons (kDa) and of matrix proteins were in the range of 15-30 kDa. The pIs of keratins were found to be in the range of 4.5-5.3. Sponges of the proteins were formed by lyophilization. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine the surface. Swelling studies were carried out in phosphate buffer saline at physiological pH 7.4. The hydrophilic character of the protein surface was studied by determining an average contact angle, which came to be 37 degrees. The wells of tissue culture plates were coated with these proteins for studying the attachment and morphology of the cells. The protein detachment study was done to ensure the adsorption of proteins on the wells until the completion of the experiments. The cellular growth on a protein-coated surface showed three-dimensional 'bulged' morphology due to cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. The sponges of human hair proteins supported more cells for a longer period than control. The morphology and cell proliferation studies exhibited by NIH3T3 cells on these proteins have shown their potential to be used as tissue-engineering scaffolds with better cell-cell contacts and leucine-aspartic acid-valine (LDV)-mediated cell-matrix interactions.
A Framework to Extract Arguments in Opinion Texts (2012)

In this article, the authors present foundational elements related to argument extraction in opinion texts with the objective to design a model of how consumers develop argumentation in such texts. A second goal is to analyze and synthesize user preferences and therefore user value systems from these arguments. They show that (1) within the context of opinionated expressions, a number of evaluative expressions with a ‘heavy’ semantic load receive an argumentative interpretation, and (2) that the association of an evaluative expression with a discourse structure such as an elaboration, an illustration, or a reformulation must also be interpreted as an argument. The authors develop a conceptual semantics of these discourse structures and show how they are analyzed using the Dislog programming language, running on the &lt;TextCoop&gt; platform, dedicated to discourse analysis.
Expression and localization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human astrocytomas in vivo. (1994)

Plasminogen activators regulate a variety of processes involved in tissue morphogenesis, as well as cell differentiation, migration, and invasion. We examined the relative amounts of mRNA and protein and localization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in human astrocytomas in vivo. Using fibrin zymography and densitometric quantitation, we found that uPA activity was significantly higher in malignant astrocytomas, especially in glioblastomas, than it was in normal brain tissues or low-grade gliomas. The amounts of uPA mRNA, as determined by Northern blot analysis, were higher in anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas than in normal brain tissues and low-grade gliomas, consistent with the amount of uPA activity. To investigate the cellular source of uPA in various tissues, we performed immunocytochemical localization of uPA protein and in situ hybridization of uPA mRNA with astrocytomas and normal brain tissues. Immunocytochemical staining for uPA showed strong immunoreactivity in the tumor cells and vasculature of glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas but undetectable or very low immunoreactivity for uPA in low-grade gliomas and normal brain tissues. uPA mRNA was located in astrocytoma and endothelial cells and was heterogeneously distributed within glioblastoma, with preferential localization near vascular proliferation and at the leading edge of the tumor. uPA expression was dramatically higher in highly malignant astrocytomas, especially glioblastomas, and was correlated with malignant progression of astrocytomas.
Differing effects of rapamycin and mTOR kinase inhibitors on protein synthesis (2011)

mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) forms two distinct types of complex, mTORC (mTOR complex) 1 and 2. Rapamycin inhibits some of the functions of mTORC1, whereas newly developed mTOR kinase inhibitors interfere with the actions of both types of complex. We have explored the effects of rapamycin and mTOR kinase inhibitors on general protein synthesis and, using a new stable isotope-labelling method, the synthesis of specific proteins. In HeLa cells, rapamycin only had a modest effect on total protein synthesis, whereas mTOR kinase inhibitors decreased protein synthesis by approx. 30%. This does not seem to be due to the ability of mTOR kinase inhibitors to block the binding of eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors) eIF4G and eIF4E. Analysis of the effects of the inhibitors on the synthesis of specific proteins showed a spectrum of behaviours. As expected, synthesis of proteins encoded by mRNAs that contain a 5'-TOP (5'-terminal oligopyrimidine tract) was impaired by rapamycin, but more strongly by mTOR kinase inhibition. Several proteins not known to be encoded by 5'-TOP mRNAs also showed similar behaviour. Synthesis of proteins encoded by 'non-TOP' mRNAs was less inhibited by mTOR kinase inhibitors and especially by rapamycin. The implications of our findings are discussed.
Sabre: the development of information-based competence and execution of information-based competition (1995)

This article describes the evolution of reservations processing at American Airlines, which became critical in the 1950s as passenger volumes threatened to overwhelm electromechanical and manual filing methods. American Airlines' Advanced Process Research Department sought technical solutions for determining the availability of space on planes, adjusting the inventory of seats, and recording passenger information. Conventional data processing equipment offered scant help, and equipment vendors were not interested in the application until the mid-1940s when the Teleregister Corporation agreed to build a system based on American's model. The resulting "Reservisor" system was only a partial solution. In the late 1950s, IBM teamed with American Airlines to devise a teleprocessing solution-Sabre. When fully implemented, Sabre established a dominant design for reservations processing that was copied throughout the airline industry. Functional enhancements transformed Sabre from a reservations system into a passenger services system that supported many additional aspects of airline operations. Widespread access to Sabre for travel agents coincided with regulatory reform that was redefining competition in the industry. Sabre was transformed again into a sales distribution system. American's management exploited Sabre's latent economies of scale and scope to survive, and ultimately thrive, in a deregulated environment.
Electrical phenomena in amorphous oxide films (1970)

Thin layers of insulators, from 100 Å to 20 000 Å thick, have a number of interesting electrical properties. These properties include forming, which is a profound and essentially permanent change produced by an electrical field, and, after forming, differential negative resistance together with switching and memory phenomena. Electroluminescence and electron emission also occur.&#13;\n&#13;\nThese features are shown by most amorphous or microcrystalline insulators of the appropriate thickness, and are particularly clearly shown by the oxides, such as Al2O3, Ta2O5 and SiO. In our review we survey the observed properties of metal-insulator-metal devices involving such insulating layers, and discuss the mechanisms which have been proposed for their operation. Further, since the unusual properties may be technologically important, we outline some of the possible uses of these devices and the relevance of the phenomena to the mechanism of corrosion of certain metals.
Location of the gene for the low-affinity tryptophan-specific permease of Escherichia coli (1982)

L-Tryptophan uptake was assayed under conditions in which the aroT gene had been inactivated by deletion and the product of the aroP permease was competitively inhibition. A mutant carrying a deletion from bgl through tnaA showed negligible L-tryptophan uptake, in contrast to a strain possessing an intact tna region or to strains carrying point mutations in tna. The ability to take up L-tryptophan was not restored by lysogenizing the tna-deleted strain with lambda tna+.