gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (BravectoTM) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (Advocate®) against generalized demodicosis in dogs (2015)

Single oral administration of Bravecto™ chewable tablets is highly effective against generalized demodicosis, with no mites detectable at 56 and 84 days following treatment. In comparison, Advocate®, administered three times at 28-day intervals, is also highly effective against generalized demodicosis, but most dogs still harboured mites at all assessment time points. Both treatments resulted in a marked reduction of skin lesions and increase of hair re-growth 12 weeks after the initial treatment.
Liquid transport in micron and submicron channels (1990)

An experimental investigation of fluid flow in extremely small channels is presented. Potential applications for such channels include cooling of electronic circuits, and reactors for modification and separation of biological cells. The immediate goal is to determine at what length scales the continuum assumptions break down and if the Navier-Stokes equations adequately predict fluid behavior. In order to accomplish this, experiments are being conducted in progressively thinner flow channels. We have constructed three channels of rectangular cross-section ranging in area from 7200 to 80 square microns, utilizing the recent advances in microfabrication. In this paper, preliminary results are reported pertaining to friction measurements. It is found that in the relatively large flow channels the experimental observations are in rough agreement with the predictions from the Navier-Stokes equations. However, in the smallest of the channels, there is a significant deviation from the Navier-Stokes predictions.
Régularisation d'équations de Stratonovitch à sauts entre variétés (1998)

Nous presentons ici un procede geometrique pour regulariser des semi-martingales cadlag. On en deduit que les solutions de certaines equations differentielles stochastiques sont des limites de solution is d'equations ordinaires, ou le bruit stochastique a d'abord ete regularis Notre demarche est la suivante. Pour lisser une semi-martingale a valeurs dans une variete, nous fixons une trajectoire et nous approchons position a l'instant t par une moyenne des points de la trajectoire sur un petit intervalle de temps avant t. On construit cette moyenne generalisant a la variete la notion de barycentre des espaces vectoriels et on obtient une suite de processus continus et a variation finie qui convergent vers la semi-martingale initiale. La convergence est suffisamment forte pour entrainer celle des solutions d'equations differentielles ordinaires dirigees par ces processus, et la limite s'interprete naturellement comme la solution d'une equation differentielle stochastique entre varietes. Ce travail entre dans le cadre des approximations Wong-Zakai d'equations de Stratonovitch, et fournit une extension geometrique du calcul de Stratonovitch a sauts propose par Kurtz, Pardoux et Protter. Le caractere intrinseque de notre methode permet d'obtenir des resultats de convergence en l'absence de structure lineaire, meme quand la source presente des discontinuites.
Reduced Nurrl Expression Increases the Vulnerability of Mesencephalic Dopamine Neurons to MPTP‐Induced Injury (1999)

Mutation in the Nurr1 gene, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, causes selective agenesis of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of null mice. Homozygous Nurr1 knockout mice (Nurr1-/-) die 1 day after birth, but heterozygous mice (Nurr1 +/-) survive postnatally without obvious locomotor deficits. Although adult Nurr1 +/- mice show significantly reduced Nurr1 protein levels in the substantia nigra (SN), they display a normal range of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron numbers in the SN and normal levels of dopamine in the striatum. The reduction in Nurr1 expression in Nurr1 +/- mice, however, confers increased vulnerability to the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) compared with wild-type (Nurr1 +/+) mice. This study suggests that Nurr1 may play an important role in maintaining mature mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron function and that a defect in Nurr1 may increase susceptibility to SN injury.
Dielectrophoretic Manipulation of Particles and Cells Using Insulating Ridges in Faceted Prism Microchannels (2005)

This paper presents a novel device for the dielectrophoretic manipulation of particles and cells. A two-level isotropic etch of a glass substrate was used to create three-dimensional ridge-like structures in micrometer-sized channels. Due to the insulating properties of glass, locally patterned regions of nonuniform electric field form near the ridges when a dc field is applied along the channel. The ridges are designed using the method of faceted prisms, such that substantially uniform fields are produced on each side of the faceted interfaces that form each ridge. The dielectrophoretic force that results from the electric field gradient near the ridges is used to affect particle motion parallel to the ridges in the absence of a bulk pressure-driven flow. Trapping and deflection of particles and continuous concentration and separation of Bacillus subtilis from a two-component sample mixture are demonstrated. The flow of B. subtilis is restricted to a selected channel of a planar, multichannel device as a result of negative dielectrophoresis arising from the presence of the insulating ridges when the applied electric field exceeds a threshold of 30 V/mm. Dielectrophoresis has a negligible impact on 200-nm-diameter polystyrene particles under the same conditions.
Many-membered Carbon Rings. XVII. A Paracyclophane Possessing Two gem-Dimethyl Groups1,2 (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMany-membered Carbon Rings. XVII. A Paracyclophane Possessing Two gem-Dimethyl Groups1,2A. T. Blomquist and F. JaffeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 13, 3405–3408Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01546a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01546a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transmission power control for multiple access wireless packet networks (2002)

Multiple access-based collision avoidance MAC protocols have typically used fixed transmission power and have not considered power control mechanisms based on the distance of the transmitter and receiver in order to improve spatial channel reuse. We motivate transmission power control and investigate the challenges involved in implementing power control in multiple access wireless packet networks. For this work, we focus on wireless ad-hoc networks, where the links connecting source destination pairs are all wireless. Power control has been implemented in cellular networks such as CDMA (code division multiple access) for guide some time now. However these protocols depend on centralized control (i.e. base stations) and duplex communications that are not inherently, present in wireless multiple access packet networks. Our simulation results show that implementing power control in a multiple access environment can improve the throughput performance of the non-power controlled IEEE 802.11 by a factor of 2, thus providing a compelling reason for migrating to a new power controlled multiple access wireless MAC protocol standard.
Proteolytic Processing of Big Endothelin-3 by the Kell Blood Group Protein (1999)

Kell blood group protein shares a consensus sequence (H.E.X.X.H) with a large family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases. Kell has closest homology with neutral endopeptidase 24.11, endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), and the PEX gene product that, as a group, comprise the M13 subfamily of mammalian neutral endopeptidases. The proteolytic activity of the M13 members, but not of Kell, has been previously demonstrated. A secreted form of wild-type Kell protein (s-Kell), devoid of the intracellular and transmembrane domains, was expressed in sf9 cells. As a negative control, an inactive mutant Kell protein (E582G) was expressed. As determined by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry of the cleaved products, wild-type s-Kell, but not the control mutant protein, specifically cleaved big endothelin-3 (ET-3) at Trp(21)-Ile(22), yielding ET-3, and, to a much lesser extent, also cleaved big ET-1 and big ET-2 at Trp(21)-Val(22), yielding ET-1 and ET-2. Enzymatic activity was partially inhibited by phosphoramidon. s-Kell has an acidic pH optimum (pH 6.0 to 6.5). Like the recombinant protein, red blood cells of common Kell phenotype also preferentially process big ET-3, in contrast to Ko (null) cells that do not. These data demonstrate that the Kell blood group protein is a proteolytic enzyme that processes big ET-3, generating ET-3, a potent bioactive peptide with multiple biological roles.
Safety evaluation of a new allergy vaccine containing the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL®) for the treatment of grass pollen allergy (2004)

A novel allergy vaccine (Pollinex Quattro) has been developed for the prevention or relief of allergic symptoms caused by a variety of pollens. Within this range, the grass pollen allergy vaccine contains extracts of 12 grass pollens and rye cereal (all chemically modified by glutaraldehyde) that are adsorbed onto L-tyrosine with addition of the immunostimulatory adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). A specific preclinical safety testing strategy was developed to support clinical use, comprising single-dose toxicity, repeat-dose toxicity and local tolerance studies. Dose levels of up to 0.5 ml per animal (mouse) and up to 1.0 ml per animal (rat and rabbit) were used with vaccines containing 2000 or 12 000 standardized units (SU) ml(-1) of grass pollen allergoids, 50 micro g ml(-1) of MPL adjuvant and 20 mg ml(-1) of tyrosine. Overall, the product showed no toxicological findings of significance at levels greatly in excess of those proposed for clinical use. A not unexpected, but relatively minor, immunostimulatory effect was seen following repeated dosing (once weekly for 3 weeks) at 1.0 ml per rat.
Eosinophils and Eosinophil-Associated Cytokines in Allergic Inflammation (1997)

Eosinophils are major effector cells in allergic tissue reactions. Their capacity to synthesize and store cytokines, particularly Th2-type cytokines, which may have autocrine effects such as increased cell survival in tissues, is of particular current interest. We have shown that eosinophils infiltrating the site of human cutaneous late-phase reactions (LPR) express mRNA and protein product for IL-4 and IL-5. Stimulation of peripheral blood eosinophils in vitro with either IgG or sIgA produces time-dependent induction of IL-4 and IL-5 transcription, indicating that mature cells may undergo local cytokine synthesis. We also demonstrated that bronchial biopsies from patients with both atopic and non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma express IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA which mainly co-localized to T cells, although clear hybridization signals were also obtained with eosinophils and mast cells. On the other hand, immunoreactivity for the corresponding protein was detectable predominantly in eosinophils and mast cells; a finding believed to reflect granule storage of cytokines. We also studied the resolution of the cutaneous LPR. Apoptosis of eosinophils persisted slightly longer than neutrophils in the tissues. The eventual decline in both neutrophil and eosinophil numbers followed on from the peak of the LPR. This was associated with terminal-deoxynucteotidyl-transferase-mediated nick and labelling positive (TUNEL+) (apoptotic) cells with the subsequent removal of apoptotic neutrophils and eosinophils by tissue macrophages. Thus, IL-4 and IL-5 production by eosinophils may amplify local allergic inflammatory responses and, in the case of IL-5, may prolong local tissue survival. However, in the allergen-induced LPR, inflammation rapidly resolves, possibly through the initiation of programmed cell death and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages.
The improvement of the animal tumor model. (1969)

Summary It is clear that the tumor model, which has been used to explain tumor growth and to guide the design of new treatment schedules, needs to be improved. The study of tumor models requires the use of direct assays so that the validity of the hypothesis suggested by the model can be tested. The assays which have been used to study tumor stem cells are reviewed, and some preliminary results of attempts to study these cells in cell culture are presented. The existence of special classes of tumor stem cells, such as nonproliferating cells, and tumor stem cells which have an increased capacity to reproduce themselves and a reduced tendency to differentiate are postulated. The use of physical methods to study tumor cells is suggested as possible methods for detecting and studying special classes of tumor stem cells.
Translation of DNA into Synthetic N -Acyloxazolidines (2004)

The translation of DNA into synthetic molecules enables their manipulation by powerful evolution-based methods previously available only to proteins and nucleic acids. The development of increasingly sophisticated DNA-templated small-molecule syntheses is crucial to broadening the scope of this approach. Here, we report the translation of DNA templates into monocyclic and bicyclic N-acyloxazolidines using multistep DNA-templated organic synthesis. Second-generation template architectures, used for the first time in a multistep DNA-templated synthesis, together with reactions and linker cleavage strategies not previously described in a DNA-templated format, were crucial to the successful translation. The products generated in this work represent the most complex small molecules to date synthesized in a DNA sequence-programmed manner and provide the basis for DNA-templated synthetic heterocycle libraries.
Infection of polarized epithelial cells with flavivirus West Nile: polarized entry and egress of virus occur through the apical surface (2002)

Both polarized epithelial Vero (C1008) and non-polarized Vero (control) cells were grown on permeable cell culture inserts and infected either apically or basolaterally with West Nile (WN) or Kunjin (KUN) virus. KUN virus (closely related to WN virus) was used as a comparison. Using indirect immunofluorescence and plaque assays of productive virus titres, entry of WN and KUN viruses was confined to the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells. For the first time, these results provided evidence on the distribution of flavivirus-specific receptor(s) in polarized epithelial cells; that is to say that receptor expression was shown to be predominant at the apical surface. In addition, the release of these viruses from polarized Vero C1008 epithelial cells was also examined. Egress of WN virus strain Sarafend (S) was observed to occur predominantly at the apical surface of Vero C1008 cells. In contrast, the release of KUN virus was bi-directional from polarized Vero C1008 cells. Furthermore, disruption of the cellular microtubule network was shown to inhibit the apical release of WN (S) virus but had no effect on the release of KUN virus. Hence, the difference in the release of these closely related viruses suggested the involvement of a microtubule-dependent, polarized sorting mechanism for WN virus proteins but not for KUN virus proteins in polarized epithelial cells.
Cerebral Ischemia Produces Laddered DNA Fragments Distinct from Cardiac Ischemia and Archetypal Apoptosis (1999)

The electrophoretic pattern of laddered DNA fragments which has been observed after cerebral ischemia is considered to indicate that neurons are dying by apoptosis. Herein the authors directly demonstrate using ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction methods that 99% of the DNA fragments produced after either global or focal ischemia in adult rats, or produced after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats, have staggered ends with a 3' recess of approximately 8 to 10 nucleotides. This is in contrast to archetypal apoptosis in which the DNA fragments are blunt ended as seen during developmental programmed cell death in dying cortical neurons, neuroblastoma, or thymic lymphocytes. It is not simply ischemia that results in staggered ends in DNA fragments because ischemic myocardium is similar to archetypal apoptosis with a vast majority of blunt-ended fragments. It is concluded that the endonucleases that produce this staggered fragmentation of the DNA backbone in ischemic brain must be different than those of classic or type I apoptosis.
Humanoid robot HRP-2 (2004)

A development of humanoid robot HRP-2 is presented in this paper. HRP-2 is a humanoid robotics platform, which we developed in phase two of HRP. HRP was a humanoid robotics project, which had run by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan from 1998FY to 2002FY for five years. The ability of the biped locomotion of HRP-2 is improved so that HRP-2 can cope with uneven surface, can walk at two third level of human speed, and can walk on a narrow path. The ability of whole body motion of HRP-2 is also improved so that HRP-2 can get up by a humanoid robot's own self if HRP-2 tips over safely. In this paper, the appearance design, the mechanisms, the electrical systems, specifications, and features upgraded from its prototype are also introduced.
THE THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY: BIOCHEMICAL RESULTS (1962)

Journal Article THE THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY: BIOCHEMICAL RESULTS Get access A J Houtsmuller A J Houtsmuller Oogziekenhuis, Rotterdam, Holland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 39, Issue 3_Supplement, Apr 1962, Pages S154–S174, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.039S154 Published: 01 April 1962
The underlying coronary lesion in myocardial infarction: Implications f coronary angiography (1991)

Myocardial infarction is usually caused by sudden thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery at the site of a fissured atherosclerotic plaque. Recent evidence suggests that coronary angiography may be insensitive in detecting and quantitating atherosclerosis. Serial angiographic studies demonstrate that the majority of myocardial infarctions occur due to occlusion of arteries that previously did not contain angiographically significant (greater than 50%) stenoses. Similarly, quantitative angiography performed after thrombolytic therapy indicates that the coronary lesion underlying the clot is frequently not severely stenotic. Thus, an angiographically apparent stenosis is not necessary for the development of a thrombotic occlusion resulting in an MI. These observations suggest that coronary angiography does not accurately predict the site of a subsequent occlusion that will produce a myocardial infarction.
Frequency of thromboembolic events associated with endovascular aneurysm treatment: retrospective case series (2008)

Use of adjunctive devices in treating aneurysms does not appear to increase the frequency of embolic or ischemic events. The presence of DW imaging abnormalities and clinically evident stroke was actually less frequent when adjunctive devices were used and in electively treated cases. This was probably related to perioperative antiplatelet medical management.
Micron-Sized Protein Patterning on Diazonaphthoquinone/Novolak Thin Polymeric Films (1998)

Protein patterns at 2-μm resolution were surface-printed on the unprofiled surface of diazonaphthoquinone/novolak thin polymeric films through positive-tone and reversed negative-tone lithography. The possible mechanisms responsible for selective protein patterning, that is, (i) linkage of the amino end of the protein to the photoinduced indenecarboxylic acid via NH2-to-COOH cross-linking mediated by carbodiimide, (ii) linkage of the amino end of the protein via in-situ addition to the photoinduced ketene, and (iii) hydrophobic interaction with unexposed surfaces, were assessed through the use of ESCA, contact angle, AFM, and fluorescence microscopy. Of these, the first two mechanisms, in conjunction with diazonaphthoquinone/novolak photopolymers (a class of conventional microlithographic materials) and microlithographic equipment and techniques, can be used for bottom-to-top biomolecular architecture construction. The study proves that photolithographic materials (used for light-assisted selective surface protein attachment) can be easily transferred to bio-microlithography, with potential applications ranging from biodevice fabrication to diagnostic and combinatorial chemistry.
CONFOCAL MICROSCOPES (1991)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text ROBERT H. WEBB, "CONFOCAL MICROSCOPES," Optics & Photonics News 2(7), 8-13 (1991) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
An HLA‐B35‐restricted epitope modified at an anchor residue results in an antagonist peptide (1996)

Abstract Peptides associated with HLA‐B35 commonly have a proline or occasionally a serine residue in the P2 anchor position of the peptide, with a tyrosine at the C terminus. Based on this motif, we identified an octamer epitope from influenza A matrix protein which is presented by HLA‐B35. The requirements for MHC binding and T cell receptor contact have been analyzed using analogs of this peptide with substitutions at positions 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8. The natural epitope contains a serine residue at P2 of the peptide. Substitution of this residue with proline (the favored amino acid in this position in B35‐associated peptides) considerably enhances binding to HLA‐B35 in the T2‐B35 cell line, but the peptide is not recognized by the majority of CTL clones and can antagonize recognition of the index peptide. This suggests that a conservative substitution at the P2 anchor position results in a conformational change in the peptide‐MHC surface exposed to the T cell receptor.