gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of human phosphoserine aminotransferase involved in the phosphorylated pathway of l-serine biosynthesis (2003)

In the present study, we first report two forms of human phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) cDNA (HsPSAT alpha and HsPSAT beta). HsPSAT alpha has a predicted open reading frame comprising 324 amino acids, encoding a 35.2 kDa protein (PSAT alpha), whereas HsPSAT beta consists of an open reading frame comprising 370 amino acids that encodes a 40 kDa protein (PSAT beta). PSAT alpha is identical with PSAT beta, except that it lacks 46 amino acids between Val(290) and Ser(337) of PSAT beta, which is encoded by the entire exon 8 (138 bp). Both PSAT alpha and PSAT beta can functionally rescue the deletion mutation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae counterpart. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of PSAT beta mRNA was more dominant when compared with PSAT alpha mRNA in all human cell lines tested. PSAT beta was easily detected in proportion to the level of mRNA; however, PSAT alpha was detected only in K562 and HepG2 cells as a very faint band. The relative enzyme activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST)-PSAT beta expressed in Escherichia coli appeared to be 6.8 times higher than that of GST-PSAT alpha. PSAT mRNA was expressed at high levels (approx. 2.2 kb) in the brain, liver, kidney and pancreas, and very weakly expressed in the thymus, prostate, testis and colon. In U937 cells, the levels of PSAT mRNA and protein appeared to be up-regulated to support proliferation. Accumulation of PSAT mRNA reached a maximum in the S-phase of Jurkat T-cells. These results demonstrate that although two isoforms of human PSAT can be produced by alternative splicing, PSAT beta rather than PSAT alpha is the physiologically functional enzyme required for the phosphorylated pathway, and indicate that the human PSAT gene is regulated depending on tissue specificity as well as cellular proliferation status with a maximum level expression in the S-phase.
PDGFRα-positive cells in bone marrow are mobilized by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) to regenerate injured epithelia (2011)

The role of bone marrow cells in repairing ectodermal tissue, such as skin epidermis, is not clear. To explore this process further, this study examined a particular form of cutaneous repair, skin grafting. Grafting of full thickness wild-type mouse skin onto mice that had received a green fluorescent protein-bone marrow transplant after whole body irradiation led to an abundance of bone marrow-derived epithelial cells in follicular and interfollicular epidermis that persisted for at least 5 mo. The source of the epithelial progenitors was the nonhematopoietic, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α-positive (Lin(-)/PDGFRα(+)) bone marrow cell population. Skin grafts release high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in vitro and in vivo, which can mobilize the Lin(-)/PDGFRα(+) cells from bone marrow to target the engrafted skin. These data provide unique insight into how skin grafts facilitate tissue repair and identify strategies germane to regenerative medicine for skin and, perhaps, other ectodermal defects or diseases.
Effects of Peripheral Architecture on the Properties of Aryl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (2012)

The effects of the peripheral architecture on the macroscopic properties of eight symmetric and asymmetric aryl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecules are described. These POSS materials were synthesized in our laboratory and characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction techniques, as well as differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The peripheral aryl architecture, although similar in most cases, was found to significantly influence observed thermally induced phase transitions, mass loss during decomposition, and heat capacity. These properties are correlated to POSS assembly, molecular interactions, and the specific attributes of peripheral structure and connectivity to the inorganic core.
Effective immunization against cutaneous leishmaniasis with defined membrane antigens reconstituted into liposomes. (1988)

The abundant Leishmania promastigote surface Ag gp63 and Leishmania promastigote lipophosphoglycan were reconstituted into liposomes and used as a vaccine against the agent of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis, Leishmania mexicana. The Ag were inoculated s.c., i.p., and i.v. into CBA/ca and BALB/c mice. Even at low Ag dosages, 8 to 10 micrograms/mouse, the Ag induced appreciable levels of protection. In CBA/ca mice complete protection was obtained by s.c. inoculation of antigen-containing liposomes. Protection could be transferred with T cells to naive mice. Interestingly, the Ag-containing liposomes did not cause the disease exacerbation observed in previous vaccine studies with crude parasite extracts.
Laser structure for generating high optical powerin a singlemode waveguide (1998)

A novel laser structure containing four amplifiers and a monolithically integrated passive multimode interference (MMI) coupler has been fabricated using quantum-well intermixing. The device has a threshold current of 120 mA, a slope efficiency of 10% per facet and generates over 180 mW of optical power in a single transverse mode output waveguide.
A survey of reed-muller codes from polar coding perspective (2010)

A survey of Reed-Muller (RM) coding is given with the goal of establishing a continuity between RM codes and polar codes. The focus is mainly on recursive decoding methods for RM codes and other ideas that are most relevant to polar coding.
Surface markers for the murine oval cell response† (2008)

A new panel of surface reactive monoclonal antibodies to support investigation of the murine oval cell response has been developed.
Tunable add/drop optical filter providing arbitrary channel arrangements (1995)

A novel add/drop optical filter providing arbitrary channel arrangements between two input wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signals and two output WDM signals is presented. This device can have useful applications in WDM optical communication systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Direct visualization of Bcl-2 family protein interactions using live cell fluorescent protein redistribution assays (2012)

Bcl-2 family proteins have important roles in tumor initiation, progression and resistance to therapy. Pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins are regulated by their interactions with pro-death BH3-only proteins making these protein-protein interactions attractive therapeutic targets. Although these interactions have been extensively characterized biochemically, there is a paucity of tools to assess these interactions in cells. Here, we address this limitation by developing quantitative, high throughput microscopy assays to characterize Bcl-2 and BH3-only protein interactions in live cells. We use fluorescent proteins to label the interacting proteins of interest, enabling visualization and quantification of their mitochondria-localized interactions. Using tool compounds, we demonstrate the suitability of our assays to characterize the cellular activity of putative therapeutic molecules that target the interaction between pro-survival Bcl-2 and pro-death BH3-only proteins. In addition to the relevance of our assays for drug discovery, we anticipate that our work will contribute to an improved understanding of the mechanisms that regulate these important protein-protein interactions within the cell.
Transcriptional regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation: Figure 1 (2002)

The hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is now well established as the key cellular element involved in the development of hepatic fibrosis and because of this there is considerable interest in establishing the molecular events that trigger and perpetuate HSC activation. HSC activation at the level of gene transcription requires the coordinated activity of several key transcriptional regulators of the HSC genome. The considerable advances that have been made in the past five years into the mechanisms by which specific families of transcription factors regulate the profibrogenic characteristics of the activated HSC are reviewed.
Inflammatory Neurodegeneration Mediated by Nitric Oxide from Activated Glia-Inhibiting Neuronal Respiration, Causing Glutamate Release and Excitotoxicity (2001)

Glia undergo inflammatory activation in most CNS pathologies and are capable of killing cocultured neurons. We investigated the mechanisms of this inflammatory neurodegeneration using a mixed culture of neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, either when the astrocytes were activated directly with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or LPS/IFN-gamma-activated microglia were added to mixed neuronal cultures. In either case, activated glia caused 75-100% necrotic cell death within 48 hr, which was completely prevented by inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (aminoguanidine or 1400W). Activated astrocytes or microglia produced nitric oxide (NO) (steady-state level approximately 0.5 microm), which immediately inhibited the cellular respiration of cocultured neurons, as did authentic NO. NO donors also decreased ATP levels and stimulated lactate production by neurons, consistent with NO-induced respiratory inhibition. NO donors or a specific respiratory inhibitor caused rapid (<1 min) release of glutamate from neuronal and neuronal-astrocytic cultures and subsequent neuronal death that was blocked by an antagonist of NMDA receptor (MK-801). MK-801 also blocked neuronal death induced by activated glia. High oxygen also prevented NO-induced neuronal death, consistent with death being induced by NO inhibition of cytochrome c oxidation in competition with oxygen. Thus activated glia kill neurons via NO from iNOS, which inhibits neuronal respiration resulting in glutamate release and subsequent excitotoxicity. This may contribute to neuronal cell death in inflammatory, infectious, ischemic, and neurodegenerative diseases.
In-fibre Bragg gratings (1992)

The current state of development of in-fiber Bragg gratings is presented including typical exposure values, line shapes, self chirping and saturation effects. We also discuss the phenomenology of the grating formation process and development of several fiber grating devices such as band pass filters, fiber Fabry - Perot interferometers, taps, wavelength controlled laser diodes, and fiber lasers.
New Efficient Iterative Approaches to Polycyclic Ethers (2002)

The imposing structures of the marine polyether ladder toxins have inspired synthetic chemists to develop many clever methods for assembling these complex skeletons. One intriguing strategy is to use a short and reliable sequence of reactions to build successive rings in an iterative fashion. The ideal approach should tolerate variation in ring size and substitution at the bridgehead positions. This paper offers an overview of recent progress in this field.
REVIEWS Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer wissenschaftlichen Semantik. Dargestellt an den Zeichen ‘temps’, ‘espace’ und ‘mémoire’ in Marcel Prousts ‘A la Recherche du Temps Perdu’. By EGGSEKKEHARD. (Europäische Hochschulschriften, Reihe XIII, Bd.12). Bern: Herbert Lang; Frankfurt/M.: Peter Lang. 1971. 220 pp. 40 DM.Das Thema der Erinnerung bei Marcel Proust. Strukturelle Analyse der ‘mémoire involontaire’ in ‘A la recherche du temps perdu’. By HÖLZKARL. Munich: Fink. 1972. 224 pp. 38 DM. (1975)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer wissenschaftlichen Semantik. Dargestellt an den Zeichen ‘temps’, ‘espace’ und ‘mémoire’ in Marcel Prousts ‘A la Recherche du Temps Perdu’. By EKKEHARD EGGS. (Europäische Hochschulschriften, Reihe XIII, Bd.12). Bern: Herbert Lang; Frankfurt/M.: Peter Lang. 1971. 220 pp. 40 DM. Das Thema der Erinnerung bei Marcel Proust. Strukturelle Analyse der ‘mémoire involontaire’ in ‘A la recherche du temps perdu’. By KARL HÖLZ. Munich: Fink. 1972. 224 pp. 38 DM. STEPHEN ULLMANN STEPHEN ULLMANN OXFORD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XXIX, Issue 1, January 1975, Pages 109–111, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XXIX.1.109 Published: 01 January 1975
A Novel Whole Organ Bioscaffold for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications (2007)

Preservation of functional vascular structures within scaffolds would permit enhanced 3D tissue engineering. W investigated the feasibility of developing a novel bioscaffold with intact vascular network and tissue microarchitecture. Livers were perfused using a decellularization solution to remove existing cellular components. Scaffolds were re‐seeded with various cell types, including vascular endothelial cells and hepatocytes, using a perfusion bioreactor. Bioscaffolds seeded with hepatocytes were implanted in athymic mice. DNA analysis and histological examination confirmed the absence of cellular components with the preservation of liver tissue structure and vascular network. Scanning electron microscopy imaging of the processed matrix further demonstrated the maintenance of liver tissue ultrastructure. Perfusion with FITC‐dextran and radiographic contrast medium showed an impermeable vascular system. Perfused endothelial cells attached, lining the vascular channels. Hepatocytes also retained their phenotype and remained viable within the matrix in vitro and in vivo at 1 week. Our results demonstrate that a novel whole organ bioscaffold system can be developed using a perfusion decellularization process. This technology may provide new opportunities in the engineering of vascularized 3D tissue structures, critical for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Effect of vitamin K and/or D on undercarboxylated and intact osteocalcin in osteoporotic patients with vertebral or hip fractures (2001)

There was a disproportion of undercarboxylated osteocalcin to intact osteocalcin between postmenopausal women and osteoporotic patients with vertebral fractures or hip fractures. Vitamin K did decrease undercarboxylated osteocalcin, vitamin D did not change undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and vitamin D did not enhance the effect of vitamin K on undercarboxylated osteocalcin.
Post-stroke seizure and post-stroke epilepsy (2006)

Post-stroke seizure and post-stroke epilepsy are common causes of hospital admissions, either as a presenting feature or as a complication after a stroke. They require appropriate management and support in long term. With an increasingly ageing population, and age itself being an independent risk factor for stroke, the incidence and prevalence of post-stroke seizure and post-stroke epilepsy is likely to increase. This article examines aetiology, clinical presentation, and presents a management outline of these conditions with particular focus on adults. The aim of this review article is to provide the clinicians with background information and recommendations.
High Resolution CT and Pore-Network Models to Assess Petrophysical Properties of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Carbonates (2007)

Abstract Carbonate rocks often present complex pore-structures involving multiple porosity systems with various interconnectivity degrees. These pore-systems, from microporosity to vugs/fissures, drastically affect petrophysical properties. Pore network models are well suited to calculate petrophysical properties of rocks from pore space structure information. The predictability of such models depends on the accuracy with which the complex geometry and topology of the pore network are captured. Computed MicroTomography (μCT) produces 3D images of the porous medium at the micron scale thus giving the opportunity to describe quantitatively and with a high precision the geometrical and topological characteristics of the 3D pore space. By providing a full description of pore space connectivity and geometry, such studies promise to improve both the understanding of diagenetic overprint and predictability of pore network models used to calculate petrophysical properties of these porous media. This methodology is applied to a set of rocks with various heterogeneity degrees from the Tengiz buildup (Precaspian Basin). The Tengiz central platform contains a succession of cyclic shallow water deposits ranging from Famennian to Bashkirian in age. The distribution of reservoir rock-types in this depositional zone is determined by a combination of primary deposition and burial diagenetic modification and includes spatial variations of both porosity enhancing as well as porosity filling effects. A pilot study using pore-network modeling from μ-CT imagery of several selected samples resulted in spatial pore and pore-throat size distributions, level and type of pore interconnectivity. Porosity, permeability and capillary pressure were calculated from μ-CT analyses and show a close match with those derived from measurements. Most strikingly, μ-CT allowed the extraction of 3Ddistribution of pore type and connectivity as well as cement types, information essential to reservoir quality assessment but very difficult to reconstruct using the classic petrographic approach. These models can be used for rock-typing, up scaling, to extrapolate petrophysical properties to uncored wells and to investigate new phenomena like evolution of properties due to dissolution/precipitation inherent in CO2 injection.
Mobile Wireless Computing: Solutions and Challenges in Data Management (1993)

Mobile computing is a new emerging computing paradigm posing many challenging data management problems. We identify these new challenges and investigate their technical significance. New research problems include management of location dependent data, frequent disconnections, structuring distributed algorithms for mobile hosts, wireless data broadcasting, and energy efficient data access.
Three Stage Carcinogenesis in Mouse Skin—Recent Results and Present Status of an Advanced Model System of Chemical Carcinogenesis (1987)

In the three stage model of carcinogenesis in mouse skin, to a certain compartment of normal cells new and adverse biological properties are imposed by the initiator DMBA yielding 'potential tumor cells,' or 'initiated cells.' These initiated cells exhibit a selective advantage of growth over surrounding normal cells if exposed to DTE promoters. The new properties may result from a genomic mutation associated with an increase of density, affinity or cooperativity of certain membrane receptors as compared to normal cells. Complete promoters, such as TPA, but not incomplete promoters such as RPA may impose a second additional genomic or epigenomic insult onto initiated cells ('conversion'). As a consequence, initiated cells become ready to respond to unspecific mitogenic stimuli ('propagation'), as provided by hyperplasiogenic agents. The initiation/promotion model of mouse skin presents new and attractive possibilities to apply the oncogene approach for further in-depth analysis of the molecular mechanisms of its stages. It remains to be seen to what extent molecular events demonstrated causative for the stages in the mouse skin model are applicable also to stages in multistage models of chemical carcinogenesis operational in other target tissues.
Applications and Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies (2009)

Electronic-nose devices have received considerable attention in the field of sensor technology during the past twenty years, largely due to the discovery of numerous applications derived from research in diverse fields of applied sciences. Recent applications of electronic nose technologies have come through advances in sensor design, material improvements, software innovations and progress in microcircuitry design and systems integration. The invention of many new e-nose sensor types and arrays, based on different detection principles and mechanisms, is closely correlated with the expansion of new applications. Electronic noses have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food, manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory, and various scientific research fields. Advances have improved product attributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by electronic-nose monitoring of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of the major electronic-nose technologies, developed since this specialized field was born and became prominent in the mid 1980s, and a summarization of some of the more important and useful applications that have been of greatest benefit to man.
Comparative antiproliferative and receptor binding activities of interferons alpha and beta on lymphoblastoid and melanoma cells. (1990)

The relative antiproliferative and receptor binding characteristics of the hitherto little-characterized interferon alpha 4a on cells of lymphoid and epithelial origin are compared with two other type I interferons, alpha 2 a and beta. Using the lymphoblastoid cell line, Daudi, interferons alpha 4 a and alpha 2 b had similar antiproliferative activity, and were about 10-fold more active than IFN beta. By contrast, using the melanoma cell line Sk-Mel-28, IFN beta was the most active, whereas IFN alpha 2b and IFN alpha 4a were respectively 60-fold and greater than 1000-fold less active than on Daudi cells. Receptor binding did not correlate with antiproliferative sensitivities, but confirmed a shared receptor component for these three interferons. These results indicate that the antiproliferative activities of three type I IFNs differs markedly on different cell types and that this is unlikely to be due to receptor binding, but more likely a post receptor binding event.
Thematic review series: Lipid Posttranslational Modifications. Protein palmitoylation by a family of DHHC protein S-acyltransferases (2006)

Protein palmitoylation refers to the posttranslational addition of a 16 carbon fatty acid to the side chain of cysteine, forming a thioester linkage. This acyl modification is readily reversible, providing a potential regulatory mechanism to mediate protein-membrane interactions and subcellular trafficking of proteins. The mechanism that underlies the transfer of palmitate or other long-chain fatty acids to protein was uncovered through genetic screens in yeast. Two related S-palmitoyltransferases were discovered. Erf2 palmitoylates yeast Ras proteins, whereas Akr1 modifies the yeast casein kinase, Yck2. Erf2 and Akr1 share a common sequence referred to as a DHHC (aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine) domain. Numerous genes encoding DHHC domain proteins are found in all eukaryotic genome databases. Mounting evidence is consistent with this signature motif playing a direct role in protein acyltransferase (PAT) reactions, although many questions remain. This review presents the genetic and biochemical evidence for the PAT activity of DHHC proteins and discusses the mechanism of protein-mediated palmitoylation.
Quinine/selectfluor combination induced asymmetric semipinacol rearrangement of allylic alcohols: an effective and enantioselective approach to α-quaternary β-fluoro aldehydes (2005)

A quinine/Selectfluor combination inducing rearrangement reaction of allylic alcohols was discovered, which involved a moderate yield with good enantioselective construction of alpha-quaternary carbon center and beta-fluoro aldehyde under base condition.