gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A practical dead time correction method in planar activity quantification for dosimetry during radionuclide therapy. (2009)

The "Continuity DTC method" is a useful tool in dosimetry during nuclear medicine treatment, showing good accuracy. Moreover, since it does not require the use of any source, it provides with several advantages in terms of practicability and applicability, with respect to the standard source method and to methods based on the count rate characteristic curve.
America’s First Amphetamine Epidemic 1929–1971 (2008)

Using historical research that draws on new primary sources, I review the causes and course of the first, mainly iatrogenic amphetamine epidemic in the United States from the 1940s through the 1960s. Retrospective epidemiology indicates that the absolute prevalence of both nonmedical stimulant use and stimulant dependence or abuse have reached nearly the same levels today as at the epidemic's peak around 1969. Further parallels between epidemics past and present, including evidence that consumption of prescribed amphetamines has also reached the same absolute levels today as at the original epidemic's peak, suggest that stricter limits on pharmaceutical stimulants must be considered in any efforts to reduce amphetamine abuse today.
Percutaneous Absorption of Capsaicin and Its Derivatives (1994)

Nonivamide (NVA), sodium nonivamide acetate (SNA) and sodium nonivamide propionate (SNP) are analogues of Capsaicin (CAP). The structure and pungent property of NVA are similar to CAP. The solubilities of SNA in different pH value buffer solution were higher than that of NVA and CAP. For the NVA and SNA, the n-octanol/buffer partition coefficients decreased with increasing pH value. The fluxes of CAP and its analogues were determined using excised rat skin and the effect of pH was also investigated. The flux of NVA and SNA mixture was higher than individually NVA or SNA, and the ratio of 70:30 was a better choice. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), an anionic surfactant, had significant effect on SNA skin permeation.
Hyperosmotic Stress Response of Campylobacter jejuni (2012)

The diarrheal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni and other gastrointestinal bacteria encounter changes in osmolarity in the environment, through exposure to food processing, and upon entering host organisms, where osmotic adaptation can be associated with virulence. In this study, growth profiles, transcriptomics, and phenotypic, mutant, and single-cell analyses were used to explore the effects of hyperosmotic stress exposure on C. jejuni. Increased growth inhibition correlated with increased osmotic concentration, with both ionic and nonionic stressors inhibiting growth at 0.620 total osmol liter(-1). C. jejuni adaptation to a range of osmotic stressors and concentrations was accompanied by severe filamentation in subpopulations, with microscopy indicating septum formation and phenotypic diversity between individual cells in a filament. Population heterogeneity was also exemplified by the bifurcation of colony morphology into small and large variants on salt stress plates. Flow cytometry of C. jejuni harboring green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the ATP synthase promoter likewise revealed bimodal subpopulations under hyperosmotic stress. We also identified frequent hyperosmotic stress-sensitive variants within the clonal wild-type population propagated on standard laboratory medium. Microarray analysis following hyperosmotic upshift revealed enhanced expression of heat shock genes and genes encoding enzymes for synthesis of potential osmoprotectants and cross-protective induction of oxidative stress genes. The capsule export gene kpsM was also upregulated, and an acapsular mutant was defective for growth under hyperosmotic stress. For C. jejuni, an organism lacking most conventional osmotic response factors, these data suggest an unusual hyperosmotic stress response, including likely "bet-hedging" survival strategies relying on the presence of stress-fit individuals in a heterogeneous population.
Development of the HRL route navigation dialogue system (2001)

In this paper we report on our work on a prototype route navigation dialogue system for use in a vehicle. The system delivers spoken turn-by-turn directions, and has been developed to accept naturally phrased navigation queries, as part of our overall effort to create an in-vehicle information system which delivers information as requested while placing minimal cognitive load on the driver.
Hydrophobic‐Driven, Metallomacrocyclic Assembly – Towards Quantitative Construction (2016)

Abstract A series of coordination‐driven, heteroleptic self‐assembled, bowtie‐shaped bis‐macrocycles were designed and constructed by combining tetrakis(terpyridinyl)thianthrene and bis‐terpyridine, 60°‐directed, Ru 2+ dimers. The resulting complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS coupled with travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry (ESI‐TWIM‐MS) experiments. The desired bis‐macrocycles were obtained in quantitative yields through the use of long alkyl‐chain substituents, in contrast to the lower yields obtained for smaller alkyl moieties.
Morphology, phase separation, thermal and mechanical property differences of shape memory fibres prepared by different spinning methods (2007)

In this paper, the mechanical properties, especially the shape memory properties, of shape memory fibres (SMFs) prepared by the melt spinning method and the wet spinning method were studied. It was observed that the melt-spun SMFs had higher tenacity, breaking elongation and shape memory effect compared with those of wet-spun SMFs. The results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to understand the underlying physics behind these property differences. It is concluded that the melt-spun SMFs have higher phase separation, which results in both better soft segment and hard segment crystallization. To obtain higher-performance SMFs in general, the melt spinning method is preferred.
Baroreceptors and the long‐term control of blood pressure (2004)

The current consensus is that arterial baroreceptors are vitally important in the short term (seconds to minutes) control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) but are unimportant in determining the long-term level of MAP. The latter statement is based primarily on two observations: first, that baroreceptors rapidly reset to the prevailing level of MAP and second, that total baroreceptor denervation has no lasting effect on the average daily MAP, although the variability of MAP is increased dramatically. However, recent studies in intact experimental animals have produced results that suggest baroreceptor resetting may not be as rapid or complete as previously thought. Furthermore, reconsideration of the responses to baroreceptor denervation suggest that the condition may accurately represent responses to short-term baroreceptor unloading but not long-term unloading. Results obtained using a new model of chronic baroreceptor unloading indicate that the condition results in a sustained increase in MAP. These results strongly suggest that the role of baroreceptors in the long term control of MAP needs to be revisited.
Antibodies to cholesterol, cholesterol conjugates and liposomes: implications for atherosclerosis and autoimmunity. (1991)

Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to cholesterol are readily induced by injecting cholesterol-loaded liposomes containing lipid A as an adjuvant. Analysis of the literature reveals that conjugates of cholesterol, and conjugates of analogues of cholesterol, with heterologous proteins or lipids have been used as antigens in various studies since 1925, and this has led to successful development of immunoassays for steroid hormones. It is concluded that cholesterol is a highly immunogenic molecule. The ability of monoclonal antibodies to cholesterol to react with liposomes containing cholesterol to cause complement-dependent immune damage to the liposomes is strongly influenced by the lipid composition of the liposomes, the amount of cholesterol in the liposomes, and the reaction temperature. The antibodies also react with crystalline cholesterol in a solid-phase ELISA and, depending on the particular monoclonal antibody, immune reactivity may or may not be observed with cholesterol esters, cholesterol analogues, or steroid hormones. Analysis by ELISA has revealed that virtually all normal human sera contain varying levels of naturally occurring IgG and IgM autoantibodies to cholesterol. Naturally occurring autoantibodies to cholesterol are also observed in pigs, but not in guinea pigs. Possible implications of these investigations for theories of immune mechanisms that may have beneficial or detrimental roles in processes of aging, atherosclerosis, and vascular diseases are discussed.
Molecular identification of porcine interleukin 10: regulation of expression in a kidney allograft model. (1995)

Clones encoding porcine interleukin 10 (IL-10) were isolated from a cDNA library produced from phytohemagglutinin-activated pig peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The porcine IL-10 nucleotide sequence was found to be highly homologous to the rat, mouse, and human IL-10 counterparts and to one of the open reading frames from the Epstein-Barr virus. In addition, pig IL-10 caused inhibition of gamma-interferon gene transcription as determined by a bioassay. To investigate the possible immunomodulatory role of IL-10, its expression during the induction of tolerance to kidney allografts by cyclosporin A in miniature swine was also investigated. Delayed expression and higher levels of IL-10 were observed in tolerant animals compared with animals rejecting their allografts. Since tolerance is achieved by a short course of cyclosporin A, we have also studied the in vitro effect of this drug on IL-10 gene transcription in blood mononuclear cells and have found that cyclosporin A inhibits IL-10 gene activation in T cells but does not interfere with IL-10 transcription in lipopolysaccharide-activated cells. These results suggest that the overexpression of IL-10, observed in cell populations infiltrating grafts from tolerant animals, may be a function of monocytes and/or B cells.
Great Tomkyns Barn, Upminster, and the Sequence of Assembly of Timber-Framed Aisled Barns (1993)

The detailed study of a timber-framed aisled barn at Upminster, London Borough of Havering, has provided evidence of the probable method of assembly. Carpenters' marks and an analysis of the building's scarf joints have indicated a sequence of assembly in which the erection of the frame proceeded in a circuit around the site. The individual elements of the timber frame were systematically added piece by piece, allowing the completion of sections of framing which were capable of standing alone, without the support of temporary shoring. This method would have made few demands on labour resources, and could be employed in aisled buildings featuring normal or reversed assembly at the eaves of the aisles.
The first BCR gene intron contains breakpoints in Philadelphla chromosome positive leukemia (1988)

The hallmark of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 - the Philadelphia (Ph') translocation. The translocation is also found in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) albeit in a lower percentage of patients. The breakpoint on chromosome 22 is located within the BCR gene: in CML, breakpoints are clustered within 5.8 kb of DNA, the major breakpoint cluster region (Mbcr). In ALL, breakpoints have been reported within the Mbcr but also in more 5' regions encompassing the BCR gene. To characterize the latter breakpoints, we have molecularly cloned and mapped the entire gene, which encompasses approximately 130 kb of DNA. Mbcr negative, Ph'-positive ALL breakpoints were not distributed at random within the gene but rather were found exclusively within the 3' half of the first BCR gene intron. In contrast to the Mbcr, which is limited to a region of 5.8 kb, this part of the intron has a size of 35 kb. Translocation breakpoints in this region appear to be specific for ALL, since it was not rearranged in clinically well-defined CML specimens nor in any other tumor DNA samples examined.
Flow-Based Local Optimization for Image-to-Geometry Projection (2011)

The projection of a photographic data set on a 3D model is a robust and widely applicable way to acquire appearance information of an object. The first step of this procedure is the alignment of the images on the 3D model. While any reconstruction pipeline aims at avoiding misregistration by improving camera calibrations and geometry, in practice a perfect alignment cannot always be reached. Depending on the way multiple camera images are fused on the object surface, remaining misregistrations show up either as ghosting or as discontinuities at transitions from one camera view to another. In this paper we propose a method, based on the computation of Optical Flow between overlapping images, to correct the local misalignment by determining the necessary displacement. The goal is to correct the symptoms of misregistration, instead of searching for a globally consistent mapping, which might not exist. The method scales up well with the size of the data set (both photographic and geometric) and is quite independent of the characteristics of the 3D model (topology cleanliness, parametrization, density). The method is robust and can handle real world cases that have different characteristics: low level geometric details and images that lack enough features for global optimization or manual methods. It can be applied to different mapping strategies, such as texture or per-vertex attribute encoding.
Ferric Carboxymaltose to Treat Isovolemic Anemia—Reply (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A unique population of effector memory lymphocytes identified by CD146 having a distinct immunophenotypic and genomic profile (2007)

CD146 appears to identify small, unique populations of T as well as B lymphocytes in the circulation. The T cells have immunophenotypic characteristics of effector memory lymphocytes. The characteristics of these CD146+ lymphocytes in the circulation, together with the known functions in cell adhesion of CD146 on endothelial cells, suggests that these lymphocytes may represent a small subpopulation of cells primed to adhere to the endothelium and possibly extravasate to sites of inflammation.
A three-dimensional model of the Cdc2 protein kinase: localization of cyclin- and Suc1-binding regions and phosphorylation sites. (1993)

The Cdc2 protein kinase requires cyclin binding for activity and also binds to a small protein, Suc1. Charged-to-alanine scanning mutagenesis of Cdc2 was used previously to localize cyclin A- and B- and Suc1-binding sites (B. Ducommun, P. Brambilla, and G. Draetta, Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:6177-6184, 1991). Those sites were mapped by building a Cdc2 model based on the crystallographic coordinates of the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cAPK) (D. R. Knighton, J. Zheng, L. F. Ten Eyck, V. A. Ashford, N.-H. Xuong, S. S. Taylor, and J. M. Sowadski, Science 253:407-414, 1991). On the basis of this model, additional mutations were made and tested for cyclin A and Suc1 binding and for kinase activity. Mutations that interfere with cyclin A binding are localized primarily on the small lobe near its interface with the cleft and include an acidic patch on the B helix and R-50 in the highly conserved PSTAIRE sequence. Two residues in the large lobe, R-151 and T-161, influence cyclin binding, and both are at the surface of the cleft near its interface with the PSTAIRE motif. Cyclin-dependent phosphorylation of T-161 in Cdc2 is essential for activation, and the model provides insights into the importance of this site. T-161 is equivalent to T-197, a stable phosphorylation site in cAPK. On the basis of the model, cyclin binding very likely alters the surface surrounding T-161 to allow for T-161 phosphorylation. The two major ligands to T-197 in cAPK are conserved as R-127 and R-151 in Cdc2. The equivalent of the third ligand, H-87, is T-47 in the PSTAIRE sequence motif. Once phosphorylated, T-161 is predicted to play a major structural role in Cdc2, comparable to that of T-197 in cAPK, by assembling the active conformation required for peptide recognition. The inhibitory phosphorylation at Y-15 also comes close to the cleft interface and on the basis of this model would disrupt the cleft interface and the adjacent peptide recognition site rather than prevent ATP binding. In contrast to cyclin A, both lobes influence Suc1 binding; however, the Suc1-binding sites are far from the active site. Several mutants map to the surface in cAPK, which is masked in part by the N-terminal 40 residues that lie outside the conserved catalytic core. The other Suc1-binding site maps to the large lobe near a 25-residue insert and includes R-215.
Tradeoffs in Domain Name System (DNS) Support for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) (2002)

The IETF has two different proposals on the table for how to do DNS support for IPv6, and has thus far failed to reach a clear consensus on which approach is better. This note attempts to examine the pros and cons of each approach, in the hope of clarifying the debate so that we can reach closure and move on.
Nasal immunization with the mixture of PA63, LF, and a PGA conjugate induced strong antibody responses against all three antigens (2008)

A new generation anthrax vaccine is expected to target not only the anthrax protective antigen (PA) protein, but also other virulent factors of Bacillus anthracis. It is also expected to be amenable for rapid mass immunization of a large number of people. This study aimed to address these needs by designing a prototypic triantigen nasal anthrax vaccine candidate that contained a truncated PA (rPA63), the anthrax lethal factor (LF), and the capsular poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid (gammaDPGA) as the antigens and a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), polyriboinosinic-polyribocytodylic acid (poly(I:C)) as the adjuvant. This study identified the optimal dose of nasal poly(I:C) in mice, demonstrated that nasal immunization of mice with the LF was capable of inducing functional anti-LF antibodies (Abs), and showed that nasal immunization of mice with the prototypic triantigen vaccine candidate induced strong immune responses against all three antigens. The immune responses protected macrophages against an anthrax lethal toxin challenge in vitro and enabled the immunized mice to survive a lethal dose of anthrax lethal toxin challenge in vivo. The anti-PGA Abs were shown to have complement-mediated bacteriolytic activity. After further optimization, this triantigen nasal vaccine candidate is expected to become one of the newer generation anthrax vaccines.
Efficient binary representation of delta Quantization Parameter for High Efficiency Video Coding (2012)

This paper proposes an efficient binary representation of delta Quantization Parameter (QP) for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Video encoders adapt QPs of coding blocks for visual quality optimization and rate control. Although they send only delta QPs (dQPs) obtained by causal prediction, the side information overhead is expensive. Therefore the HEVC design necessitates an efficient dQP coding. The proposed scheme converts a dQP to a binary string in which the first and second bins indicate the significance and sign of the dQP respectively and the rest represents the magnitude minus 1. Furthermore, it detects and truncates redundant bins in the binary strings by using the sign and an admissible dQP range. Thus it reduces the length of dQP binary strings and improves dQP coding efficiency. Simulation results using HEVC reference software demonstrate that the proposed scheme improves the dQP coding efficiency by 6% while reducing its bin rates by 25%.
Encoding and decoding of femtosecond pulses (1988)

We demonstrate the spreading of femtosecond optical pulses into picosecond-duration pseudonoise bursts. Spreading is accomplished by encoding pseudorandom binary phase codes onto the optical frequency spectrum. Subsequent decoding of the spectral phases restores the original pulse. We propose that frequency-domain encoding and decoding of coherent ultrashort pulses could form the basis for a rapidly reconfigurable, code-division multiple-access optical telecommunications network.
Mutations in the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase result in unregulated biological activity. (1992)

Mutations were identified in the catalytic subunit (C) of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37) that block inactivation by regulatory subunit (R) without compromising catalytic activity. Randomly mutagenized mouse C expression vectors were screened functionally for clones that stimulated gene induction in the presence of excess R. Point mutations in the C coding sequence were identified that result in a His----Gln substitution at amino acid 87 (His87Gln) and a Trp----Arg change at amino acid 196 (Trp196Arg). In contrast to wild-type C, both mutants retained partial activity in the presence of excess R isoform RI alpha, although only Trp196Arg retained partial activity in the presence of excess R isoform RII alpha. A C expression vector that included both mutations was fully active in promoting gene induction and was virtually unaffected by an 80-fold excess of either RI alpha or RII alpha. These results demonstrate that mutations at His-87 and Trp-196 alter R interactions with C at a site that is not involved in substrate recognition or enzymatic activity. In contrast to these randomly generated mutations, a site-specific alteration of the autophosphorylated Thr-197 to an Ala resulted in an 80% loss of biological activity and partial resistance to R inhibition. The location and proximity of His-87 and Trp-196 in the crystal structure of C suggest a surface domain that may interact with a region of R that is outside of the substrate/pseudosubstrate site.