gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The gene expression profiles of primary and metastatic melanoma yields a transition point of tumor progression and metastasis (2008)

The gene expression profiling of primary, non-metastatic cutaneous tumors and metastatic melanoma has resulted in the identification of several genes that may be centrally involved in the progression and metastatic potential of melanoma. This has very important implications as we continue to develop an improved understanding of the metastatic process, allowing us to identify specific genes for prognostic markers and possibly for targeted therapeutic approaches.
Biologic activity and safety of belimumab, a neutralizing anti-B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) monoclonal antibody: a phase I trial in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2008)

Belimumab was well tolerated and reduced peripheral B-cell levels in SLE patients. These data support further studies of belimumab in autoimmune disorders.
Stable heptamethine pyrylium dyes that absorb in the infrared (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable heptamethine pyrylium dyes that absorb in the infraredG. A. Reynolds and K. H. DrexhageCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 5, 885–888Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00425a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00425a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2585Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In-Depth Profiling of Lysine-Producing Corynebacterium glutamicum by Combined Analysis of the Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Fluxome (2004)

An in-depth analysis of the intracellular metabolite concentrations, metabolic fluxes, and gene expression (metabolome, fluxome, and transcriptome, respectively) of lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13287 was performed at different stages of batch culture and revealed distinct phases of growth and lysine production. For this purpose, 13C flux analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-labeling measurement of free intracellular amino acids, metabolite balancing, and isotopomer modeling were combined with expression profiling via DNA microarrays and with intracellular metabolite quantification. The phase shift from growth to lysine production was accompanied by a decrease in glucose uptake flux, the redirection of flux from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle towards anaplerotic carboxylation and lysine biosynthesis, transient dynamics of intracellular metabolite pools, such as an increase of lysine up to 40 mM prior to its excretion, and complex changes in the expression of genes for central metabolism. The integrated approach was valuable for the identification of correlations between gene expression and in vivo activity for numerous enzymes. The glucose uptake flux closely corresponded to the expression of glucose phosphotransferase genes. A correlation between flux and expression was also observed for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transaldolase, and transketolase and for most TCA cycle genes. In contrast, cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase expression increased despite a reduction of the TCA cycle flux, probably related to its contribution to NADH regeneration under conditions of reduced growth. Most genes for lysine biosynthesis showed a constant expression level, despite a marked change of the metabolic flux, indicating that they are strongly regulated at the metabolic level. Glyoxylate cycle genes were continuously expressed, but the pathway exhibited in vivo activity only in the later stage. The most pronounced changes in gene expression during cultivation were found for enzymes at entry points into glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the TCA cycle, and lysine biosynthesis, indicating that these might be of special importance for transcriptional control in C. glutamicum.
Electrical neuromodulation for disabling angina pectoris related to isolated stenoses of small epicardial coronary arteries. (1999)

Patients with symptomatic small vessel coronary artery disease may be inadequate candidates for revascularization procedures. They may suffer from refractory angina, which does not respond to maximal anti-anginal drug therapy. In addition to patients with end stage coronary artery disease and syndrome X, this newly defined group of subjects with an isolated stenosis of a small coronary artery may benefit from electrical neurostimulation. We describe two patients with intractable angina caused by a significant narrowing of a diagonal branch. This treatment modality should be considered as an alternative method for unsatisfactory revascularization procedures.
Innervation of the extrahepatic biliary tract (2004)

The extrahepatic biliary tract is innervated by dense networks of extrinsic and intrinsic nerves that regulates smooth muscle tone and epithelial cell function of extrahepatic biliary tree. Although these ganglia are derived from the same set of precursor neural crest cells that colonize the gut, they exhibit structural, neurochemical, and physiological characteristics that are distinct from the neurons of the enteric nervous system. Gallbladder neurons are relatively inexcitable, and their output is driven by vagal inputs and modulated by hormones, peptides released from sensory fibers, and inflammatory mediators. Gallbladder neurons are cholinergic and they can express a number of other neural active compounds, including substance P, galanin, nitric oxide, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. Sphincter of Oddi (SO) ganglia, which are connected to ganglia of the duodenum, appear to be comprised of distinct populations of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, based on their expression of choline acetyltransferase and substance P or nitric oxide synthase, respectively. While SO neurons likely receive vagal input and their activity is modulated by release of neuropeptides from sensory fibers, a significant source of excitatory synaptic input to these cells arise from the duodenum. This duodenum-SO circuit is likely to play an important role in the coordination of SO tone with gallbladder motility in the process of gallbladder emptying. Now that we have gained a relatively thorough understanding of the innervation of the biliary tree under healthy conditions, the way is paved for future studies of altered neural function in biliary disease.
Effect of pH on the stability and surface composition of emulsions made with whey protein isolate (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of pH on the stability and surface composition of emulsions made with whey protein isolateJosephine A. Hunt and Douglas G. DalgleishCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 10, 2131–2135Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00046a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00046a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1616Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative proteomics identify Tenascin-C as a promoter of lung cancer progression and contributor to a signature prognostic of patient survival (2017)

The extracellular microenvironment is an integral component of normal and diseased tissues that is poorly understood owing to its complexity. To investigate the contribution of the microenvironment to lung fibrosis and adenocarcinoma progression, two pathologies characterized by excessive stromal expansion, we used mouse models to characterize the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition of normal lung, fibrotic lung, lung tumors, and metastases. Using quantitative proteomics, we identified and assayed the abundance of 113 ECM proteins, which revealed robust ECM protein signatures unique to fibrosis, primary tumors, or metastases. These analyses indicated significantly increased abundance of several S100 proteins, including Fibronectin and Tenascin-C (Tnc), in primary lung tumors and associated lymph node metastases compared with normal tissue. We further showed that Tnc expression is repressed by the transcription factor Nkx2-1, a well-established suppressor of metastatic progression. We found that increasing the levels of Tnc, via CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation of the endogenous gene, enhanced the metastatic dissemination of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Interrogation of human cancer gene expression data revealed that high <i>TNC</i> expression correlates with worse prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma, and that a three-gene expression signature comprising <i>TNC</i>, <i>S100A10</i>, and <i>S100A11</i> is a robust predictor of patient survival independent of age, sex, smoking history, and mutational load. Our findings suggest that the poorly understood ECM composition of the fibrotic and tumor microenvironment is an underexplored source of diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for cancer patients.
Interaction of Hyperthermia and Photoradiation Therapy (1984)

Local microwave hyperthermia (2450 MHz) was applied to axillary implants of the SMT-F mammary carcinoma in mice in combination with photoradiation therapy (PRT) in an attempt to determine if the two modalities interact. When 40.5 degrees C was applied for 30 min immediately prior to or immediately following PRT (630-nm light, 30 min, at 75 mW/cm2, 20-24 hr post 7.5 mg/kg hematoporphyrin derivative), enhancement of tumor response over that of PRT alone was seen as judged by lack of tumor regrowth (35 days or longer after treatment). A temperature of 41.5 degrees C applied for 30 min immediately following the 30-min PRT treatment produced a result slightly greater than that seen at 40.5 degrees C. When a temperature of 44.5 degrees C for 30 min was applied immediately following PRT, a substantial enhancement of tumor control at 35 days post-treatment was found (53% versus 19 and 4%, respectively, for hyperthermia and PRT alone). These results suggest that tumor response to PRT is enhanced by both a sublethal hyperthermic treatment (40.5 degrees C, 41.5 degrees C) and a moderately lethal heat treatment (44.5 degrees C) given for a short duration, when applied immediately before or after photoradiation.
Three-dimensional PC: toward novel forms of human-computer interaction (2001)

The ongoing integration of IT systems is offering computer users a wide range of new (networked) services and the access to an explosively growing host of multimedia information. Consequently, apart from the currently established computer tasks, the access and exchange of information is generally considered as the driving computer application of the next decade. Major advances are required in the development of the human-computer interface, in order to enable end-users with the most varied backgrounds to master the added functionalities of their computers with ease, and to make the use of computers in general an enjoyable experience. Research efforts in computer science are concentrated on user interfaces that support the highly evolved human perception and interaction capabilities better than today's 2D graphic user interfaces with a mouse and keyboard. Thanks to the boosting computing power of general purpose computers, highly interactive interfaces are becoming feasible supporting a variety of input and output modalities. Multimodal interaction not only makes working with a computer more "natural" and "intuitive" but can substantially help to disambiguate the exchange of information in both directions between the user and the computer. Recent approaches aim to create a (virtual) three-dimensional interaction environment where users find a clear arrangement of the media objects, paths and links used, as well as highly responsive tools supporting continuous interaction. The article overviews the current concepts in general and describes an approach developed by the authors in greater detail as a case study of a 3D PC (the mUltimo3D project). This particular approach uses 3D displays which do not require stereo glasses to present a 3D graphic user interface. A newly developed 3D display makes it possible to seamlessly integrate the virtual interaction space into the real working space. Video trackers remotely sensing the user offer new modalities for unencumbered interaction with the displayed objects. Interface
Shape Control of CdTe Nanocrystals: Influence of the Solvent Composition and Ligand Effects (2013)

CdTe nanocrystals were synthesized by the hot-injection method with a mixture of oleylamine and octadecene as a solvent. The influence of the composition of the solvent and of the injection solution on the shape of CdTe nanoparticles was investigated. Various shapes of CdTe nanocrystals, such as nanodots, nanorods, multipods, and nanowires, could be obtained by changing the reaction conditions. Tuning the reactivity of both the cadmium and the tellurium precursors at the same time was found to be the main reason for the shape control of CdTe nanocrystals in this reaction system. The reactivity of the Cd precursor was controlled by the composition of the solvent, while the activity of the Te precursor could be influenced by using trioctylphosphine and tributylphosphine in the injection solution.
Classification of Nonallergic Rhinitis Syndromes With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis, Proposed to be Known henceforth as Nonallergic Rhinopathy (2009)

Many patients have nasal syndromes that are nonallergic and noninfectious and not caused by mechanical or anatomic abnormalities. There are at least 8 recognized nonallergic rhinitis syndromes: drug-induced rhinitis including rhinitis medicamentosa, gustatory rhinitis, hormonally induced rhinitis including the rhinitis of pregnancy, nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome, senile rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis, cerebral spinal fluid leak, and vasomotor rhinitis. Few studies have explored etiologic causes. These syndromes are distinguished by clinical characteristics, recognized triggering conditions, and concomitant observations such as nasal eosinophilia or cerebral spinal fluid leak. Until more specific subjective clinical characteristics and/or objective measures can better define and differentiate underlying causes for these disparate diseases, they will remain a murky group of overlapping syndromes.
Mental health administration: reflections from the British experience. (1977)

&lt;p&gt;The mechanism of CO hydrogenation to CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; at 260 °C on a cobalt catalyst is investigated using steady-state isotopic transient kinetic analysis (SSITKA) and backward and forward chemical transient kinetic analysis (CTKA). The dependence of CH&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; residence time is determined by &lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;CO/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; → &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;CO/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; SSITKA as a function of the CO and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; partial pressure and shows that the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; formation rate is mainly controlled by CH&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; hydrogenation rather than CO dissociation. Backward CO/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; → H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; CTKA emphasizes the importance of H coverage on the slow CH&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; hydrogenation step. The H coverage strongly depends on the CO coverage, which is directly related to CO partial pressure. Combining SSITKA and backward CTKA allows determining that the amount of additional CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; obtained during CTKA is nearly equal to the amount of CO adsorbed to the cobalt surface. Thus, under the given conditions overall barrier for CO hydrogenation to CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; under methanation condition is lower than the CO adsorption energy. Forward CTKA measurements reveal that O hydrogenation to H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O is also a relatively slow step compared to CO dissociation. The combined transient kinetic data are used to fit an explicit microkinetic model for the methanation reaction. The mechanism involving direct CO dissociation represents the data better than a mechanism in which H-assisted CO dissociation is assumed. Microkinetics simulations based on the fitted parameters confirms that under methanation conditions the overall CO consumption rate is mainly controlled by C hydrogenation and to a smaller degree by O hydrogenation and CO dissociation. These simulations are also used to explore the influence of CO and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; partial pressure on possible rate-controlling steps.&lt;/p&gt;
Lung lysyl oxidase and prolyl hydroxylase: increases induced by cadmium chloride inhalation and the effect of beta-aminopropionitrile in rats. (1981)

Industrial workers who are accidentally exposed to cadmium fumes often develop severe lung damage leading to widespread peribronchiolar scarring. This study examined the effect of a single exposure of cadmium chloride aerosol on rat lung lysyl oxidase and prolyl hydroxylase, both markers of connective tissue biosynthesis. Rats were killed at 2, 4, 7, 10, and 21 days after a 2-h exposure to 0.1% Cdcl2 aerosol. Total lung lysyl oxidase was increased 14.8 times that a saline control animals by 4 days and returned to near normal values by 10 days. Interestingly, a small amount of lysyl oxidase activity was also detectable in the lung lavage of unexposed animals and was markedly elevated at the earlier times after cadmium exposure. Total lung prolyl hydroxylase activity paralleled that of lung lysyl oxidase and increased 7.4-fold by the fourth day. A significant increase in total lung hydroxyproline could be demonstrated. Administration of beta-aminopropionitrile, an irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase, prevented much of the increase in lysyl oxidase activity and the accumulation of collagen. The altered tissue amounts of lysyl oxidase and prolyl hydroxylase after cadmium inhalation correlated well with the marked interstitial cell hyperplasia 4 to 5 days after exposure and suggested that connective tissue protein synthesis is activated in the interstitial cell fibroblasts soon after cadmium exposure.
Anti-CD3 Therapy Promotes Tolerance by Selectively Depleting Pathogenic Cells while Preserving Regulatory T Cells (2011)

Monoclonal anti-CD3 Abs have been used clinically for two decades to reverse steroid-resistant acute graft rejection. In autoimmune diabetes, short course treatment with FcR-nonbinding (FNB) anti-CD3 mAb in mice with recent onset of diabetes induces long-term disease remission. Induction of tolerogenic regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been implicated to be one of the mechanisms of action by FNB anti-CD3 mAb in these settings. In this study, we examined the effect of FNB anti-CD3 mAb treatment on the homeostasis of naive, effector, and regulatory T cells in vivo. Anti-CD3 treatment induced a transient systemic rise in the percentage but not absolute number of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs due to selective depletion of CD4(+)Foxp3(-) conventional T cells. T cell depletion induced by FNB anti-CD3 mAb was independent of the proapoptotic proteins Fas, caspase-3, and Bim and was not inhibited by overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. Tregs were not preferentially expanded and we found no evidence of conversion of conventional T cells into Tregs, suggesting that the pre-existing Tregs are resistant to anti-CD3-induced cell death. Interestingly, expression of the transcription factor Helios, which is expressed by thymus-derived natural Tregs, was increased in Tregs after FNB anti-CD3 mAb treatment, suggesting that the anti-CD3 treatment can alter, and potentially stabilize, Treg function. Taken together, the results suggest that FNB anti-CD3 therapy promotes tolerance by restoring the balance between pathogenic and regulatory T cells.
Mild Course of Fetal Rh D Haemolytic Disease due toMaternal Alloimmunisation to Paternal HLA Class I and II Antigens (1995)

The patient is a pregnant women of African origin with a prior history of spontaneous abortion and newborn dystrophy. The investigation showed an anti-Rh D antibody (IgG isotypes 1 and 3) with an indirect antiglobulin tube test (IAT) titre of 1:512. The monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) proved clearly the interaction of Fc receptors with the maternal anti-D, and so a clinical significance was expected. In spite of this, no signs of severe haemolysis in the Rh-D-positive and direct antiglobulin test-positive fetus could be observed. Furthermore, two HLA class I and II alloantibodies (anti-A10, anti-DR13) directed against paternal and fetal antigens were detected in the serum of the gravida. Both antibodies showed an inhibitory effect on the in vitro phagocytosis capacity of mononuclear cells expressing at least one of the corresponding HLA antigens (immunophagocytosis inhibition (IPI) test). Thus, the mild course of haemolytic disease may be explained by an effective inhibition of the fetal mononuclear phagocyte system by maternal HLA class I and/or class II antibodies resulting in a diminished destruction of anti-D-coated fetal red blood cells.
Ascaris suum, an Intestinal Parasite, Produces Morphine (2000)

The parasitic worm Ascaris suum contains the opiate alkaloid morphine as determined by HPLC coupled to electrochemical detection and by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The level of this material is 1168 +/- 278 ng/g worm wet weight. Furthermore, Ascaris maintained for 5 days contained a significant amount of morphine, as did their medium, demonstrating their ability to synthesize the opiate alkaloid. To determine whether the morphine was active, we exposed human monocytes to the material, and they immediately released nitric oxide in a naloxone-reversible manner. The anatomic distribution of morphine immunoreactivity reveals that the material is in the subcuticle layers and in the animals' nerve chords. Furthermore, as determined by RT-PCR, Ascaris does not express the transcript of the neuronal mu receptor. Failure to demonstrate the expression of this opioid receptor, as well as the morphine-like tissue localization in Ascaris, suggests that the endogenous morphine is intended for secretion into the microenvironment.