gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of L-Fucokinase from Rat Liver by L-Fucose AnaloguesIn Vitro (1997)

By investigating the effects of more than 15 different L-fucose analogues on the activity of L-fucokinase (EC 2.7.1.52) from rat liver in vitro, certain structural requirements for potent inhibition of this enzyme were established. Of the novel compounds, 4,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexopyranose (4) and methyl 4,6-dideoxy-4-iodo-L-glucopyranose (9) were found to be competitive inhibitors with Ki-values of 0.5 mM and 5.0 mM respectively. Thus 4,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexopyranose is a better inhibitor of L-fucokinase than methyl-alpha-L-fucoside (1). Uptake of L-fucose into rat hepatoma cells is reduced by 52% in the presence of the deoxy derivative (4), leading to a decrease of 45% in the incorporation of L-fucose into total cellular glycoproteins.
Enhancement of the index of refraction via quantum coherence (1991)

Atoms prepared in a coherent superposition of a ground- (or excited-) state doublet can produce a large resonant index of refraction with vanishing absorption.Received 25 April 1991DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.1855©1991 American Physical Society
A cluster of cases of severe cardiotoxicity among kala-azar patients treated with a high-osmolarity lot of sodium antimony gluconate. (1998)

In India, sodium antimony gluconate is the drug of choice for kala-azar. Due to increasing unresponsiveness to this drug in the current epidemic that began in the early 1970s, daily doses of 20 mg/kg/day for 30 days or more is recommended as opposed to the 10 mg/kg/day dose for 6-10 days used in the past. Of the 130-150 patients treated annually at our center with locally made sodium antimony gluconate, serious cardiotoxicity has occurred in less than 10%. During April 1995 at the University Hospital in Varanasi, we encountered life-threatening cardiotoxicity after 3-28 days of therapy in each of the eight patients being treated with a new lot of this drug made by a different manufacturer. Of the eight patients, six each developed congestive heart failure and/or prolongation of the corrected QT interval (QTc), and three died as a direct consequence of drug-induced toxicities. In three instances, the life-threatening complications occurred with a cumulative dose of less than 300 mg/kg. In patients with prolonged QTc, ventricular premature beats and ventricular tachycardia were recorded; in one patient, the ventricular tachycardia progressed to torsade de pointes, culminating in ventricular fibrillation and death. Since switching to different lots of this drug, we have not seen further clustering of dangerous cardiotoxicity. The antimony content of the implicated drug was comparable with that in lots from other manufacturers that did not show overt toxicity, but the osmolarity was approximately 300 mOsm/L higher. The simple technique of measuring of osmolarity may help identify inappropriately manufactured drug.
Nonenzymatic Detection of Bacterial Genomic DNA Using the Bio Bar Code Assay (2007)

The detection of bacterial genomic DNA through a nonenzymatic nanomaterials-based amplification method, the bio bar code assay, is reported. The assay utilizes oligonucleotide-functionalized magnetic microparticles to capture the target of interest from the sample. A critical step in the new assay involves the use of blocking oligonucleotides during heat denaturation of the double-stranded DNA. These blockers bind to specific regions of the target DNA upon cooling and prevent the duplex DNA from rehybridizing, which allows the particle probes to bind. Following target isolation using the magnetic particles, oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanoparticles act as target recognition agents. The oligonucleotides on the nanoparticle (bar codes) act as amplification surrogates. The bar codes are then detected using the Scanometric method. The limit of detection for this assay was determined to be 2.5 fM, and this is the first demonstration of a bar code-type assay for the detection of double-stranded, genomic DNA.
Virus safety of a porcine‐derived medical device: Evaluation of a viral inactivation method (2002)

The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a virus-inactivating process for use during the preparation of porcine-derived extracellular matrix biomaterials for human clinical implantation. Porcine small intestine, the source material for the tissue-engineered, small intestinal submucosa (SIS) biomaterial, was evaluated. Relevant enveloped, non-enveloped, and model viruses representative of different virus families were included in the investigation: porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reovirus, murine leukemia retrovirus (LRV), and porcine pseudorabies (herpes) virus (PRV). Samples of small intestine were deliberately inoculated with approximately 1 x 10(7) plaque-forming units (PFU) of virus which were thereafter exposed to a 0.18% peracetic acid/4.8% aqueous ethanol mixture for time periods ranging from 5 minutes to 2 hours. Enveloped viruses were more easily inactivated than non-enveloped viruses, but material processed for 30 minutes or longer inactivated all of the viruses. D(10) values were calculated and used to extrapolate the extent of inactivation after 2 hours. Viral titers were reduced by more than 14.0 log(10) PPV, 21.0 log(10) reovirus, 40.0 log(10) PRV, and 27.0 log(10) LRV, meeting international standards for viral sterility. These results demonstrate that treatment of porcine small intestine with a peracetic acid/ethanol solution leads to a virus-free, non-crosslinked biomaterial safe for xenotransplantation into humans.
The Xircus Search Engine. (2002)

Nowadays, XML is the document model in favour for both document- and data-centric web applications. Its influence in other, more traditional projects and applications grows as the web and associated techniques become the de-facto standard in user interfaces in such systems.
Multi-Channel Linear Prediction-Based Speech Dereverberation With Sparse Priors (2015)

The quality of speech signals recorded in an enclosure can be severely degraded by room reverberation. In this paper, we focus on a class of blind batch methods for speech dereverberation in a noiseless scenario with a single source, which are based on multi-channel linear prediction in the short-time Fourier transform domain. Dereverberation is performed by maximum-likelihood estimation of the model parameters that are subsequently used to recover the desired speech signal. Contrary to the conventional method, we propose to model the desired speech signal using a general sparse prior that can be represented in a convex form as a maximization over scaled complex Gaussian distributions. The proposed model can be interpreted as a generalization of the commonly used time-varying Gaussian model. Furthermore, we reformulate both the conventional and the proposed method as an optimization problem with an lp-norm cost function, emphasizing the role of sparsity in the considered speech dereverberation methods. Experimental evaluation in different acoustic scenarios show that the proposed approach results in an improved performance compared to the conventional approach in terms of instrumental measures for speech quality.
Effects of branched‐chain amino acid granules on serum albumin level and prognosis are dependent on treatment adherence in patients with liver cirrhosis (2012)

Higher BCAA treatment adherence better raised the serum albumin level, leading to improvement of event-free survival. These results indicate the importance of patient instruction for the adequate use of BCAA granules.
SEA-TROSY (Solvent Exposed Amides with TROSY):  A Method to Resolve the Problem of Spectral Overlap in Very Large Proteins (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSEA-TROSY (Solvent Exposed Amides with TROSY): A Method to Resolve the Problem of Spectral Overlap in Very Large ProteinsMaurizio Pellecchia, David Meininger, Anna L. Shen, Rick Jack, Charles B. Kasper, and Daniel S. SemView Author Information Triad Therapeutics Inc., 5820 Nancy Ridge Dr. San Diego, California 92121 McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Medical School University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 19, 4633–4634Publication Date (Web):April 20, 2001Publication History Received5 December 2000Revised3 April 2001Published online20 April 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005850thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005850trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views783Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amides,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Resonance structures,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Categorical aspects of generating functions(II) Operations on categories and functors (1998)

This paper is a sequel to the author's paper [Yos 98]. We construct some operations on categories and functors, for example, summation, multiplication, derivation, partial derivation, exponentia­tion, substitution. These operations are correspond to those of species. The main results of this paper are two theorems (Theorem 5.8, 6.5) which characterizing strict Krull-Schmidt categories(KS-categories). Especially, Theorem 6.5 states that for a skeletally small and locally finite category £ with finite coproducts and its full subcategory C, if the exponential formula E(t) = exp(C(t)) implies, under a techni­cal assumption, that £ is a strict Krull-Schmidt category. Further­more, we define the substitution T(S) of functors S : £---+ S and T : F--+ Seti, where S has finite coproducts. These operations satisfy formulas similar to such operations on the usual power series. There are some applications.
Independent regulation of two separate gene activities in a continuous human cell line. (1998)

Tetracycline- and ecdysone-responsive systems have recently been developed for regulated gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Using nucleolar-targeted luciferase and beta-galactosidase as reporter proteins we demonstrate that both systems can function simultaneously and independently in a continuous human cell line. Both gene activities could be regulated over a broad range and at the single cell level by the concentrations of tetracycline and muristerone A, respectively, in the culture medium. The strategy described here will allow to investigate the function and interaction of two separate gene activities in a well-defined and reproducible cellular context.
Strained tunnel FETs with record I<inf>ON</inf>: first demonstration of ETSOI TFETs with SiGe channel and RSD (2012)

We present for the first time Tunnel FETs obtained with a FDSOI CMOS process flow featuring High-K Metal Gate, ultrathin body compressively strained Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> (x from 0 to 30%) based channels, and Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> Raised SD. We analyse the tunnelling improvements due to the different technological injection boosters: ultrathin body & EOT, strain, low band gap source, and low temperature SD anneal. For the first time, TFETs with large ON current (up to 428μA/μm) are demonstrated (with >;x1000 I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> gain vs. SOI).
Diffusion of bovine serum albumin in aqueous solutions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusion of bovine serum albumin in aqueous solutionsA. K. Gaigalas, J. B. Hubbard, M. McCurley, and Sam WooCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 5, 2355–2359Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100184a063https://doi.org/10.1021/j100184a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1571Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Epidemiology of Infectious Hepatitis (1959)

107 students of Showe Junior High School (out of 510) suffered from infectious hepatitis in a short period after 24th of May, 1954. Detailed clinical and epidemiological researches were made on them and the following results were obtained.1. In the epidemic of this school, abortive form (gastro-intestinal form and partly common cold form) was seen in most cases and the epidemic belonged to the slight form of infectious hepatitis.2. At that time, sporadic epidemie was seen among the people of this district.3. It was supposed that this epidemie was carried by the contaminated water of the common well and it was the common vehicle epidemie.4. The fact that many hepatitis patients appeared especially in June, was presumably due to the precipitating factor of interim examination, athletic meetings etc. reducing the physical strength.
Comparing the anticonvulsive effects of dapsone on amygdala-kindled seizures and hippocampal-kindled seizures in rats (1992)

Dapsone, an antileprosy drug, was administered to rats with amygdala (AM)-kindled seizures or hippocampal (HIPP)-kindled seizures to elucidate its anticonvulsive efficacy. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to kindling stimulations 2 weeks after electrode-implantation. The subjects were tested once a day for 7 successive days after inducing three generalized (stage 5) seizures to study the effects of dapsone. Dapsone had an inhibitory effect on stage 5 seizures at 12.50 mg/kg in the AM-kindled rats and at 6.25 mg/kg and 9.375 mg/kg in the HIPP-kindled rats. Thus, there was a distinct difference in the effective dose for generalized seizures between the AM-kindled rats and the HIPP-kindled rats. The inhibitory action of dapsone on stage 5 seizures may be due mainly to the elevation of the afterdischarge-triggering threshold at the stimulation site of the AM or HIPP. Such inhibitory action appears prominently at serum concentrations of about 13 micrograms/ml in AM-kindled rats and about 6 micrograms/ml in HIPP-kindled rats. The level of 6 micrograms/ml almost equals the therapeutic serum concentration of dapsone used in the treatment of leprosy.
Interferon‐γ inhibits cell cycle exit in differentiating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (2005)

The developmental processes of the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) lineage that are targeted by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were studied in primary rat OPC cultures. Under conditions of thyroid hormone-mediated oligodendrocyte differentiation, IFN-gamma produced a dose-dependent apoptotic response in OPCs. The lowest dose tested (15 ng/ml or 75 U/ml) was nonapoptotic, but activated detectable STAT1 DNA-binding. At this dose, IFN-gamma reduced the percentage of mature O1+ cells and increased the percentage of immature A2B5+ OPCs. This was observed without significant change in total cell number and cytotoxicity, and was accompanied by an increase in BrdU-labeled A2B5+ and O4+ cells. FACS analysis confirmed a lack of apoptotic sub-G1 cells and revealed a greater percentage of S- and G2/M-phase OPCs with IFN-gamma treatment. Dual immunostaining with Ki-67 and Olig2 showed a smaller percentage of Olig2+ cells in G0 phase in IFN-gamma-treated OPCs, indicating loss of G1 control. Instead, increased levels and phosphorylation of the checkpoint protein p34cdc2 by IFN- suggested increased partial arrest in G2. IFN-gamma not only sustained expression of PCNA and the G1-S regulators retinoblastoma protein, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdk2, but also decreased p27 levels. In addition to changes in cell proliferation and differentiation, IFN-gamma attenuated myelin basic protein (MBP) expression significantly, which was associated with decreased expression of both MBP and Sox10 RNAs. These findings indicate that IFN-gamma not only maintains cell cycle activity that could predispose OPCs to apoptosis, but also overrides G1-G0 signals leading to thyroid hormone-mediated terminal differentiation and myelin gene expression.
Tempo and Mode of Human and Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV/STLV) Evolution Revealed by Analyses of Full-Genome Sequences (2000)

We investigated the tempo and mode of evolution of the primate T-lymphotropic viruses (PTLVs). Several different models of nucleotide substitution were tested on a general phylogenetic tree obtained using the 20 full-genome HTLV/STLV sequences available. The likelihood ratio test showed that the Tamura and Nei model with discrete gamma-distributed rates among sites is the best-fitting substitution model. The heterogeneity of nucleotide substitution rates along the PTLV genome was further investigated for different genes and at different codon positions (cdp's). Tests of rate constancy showed that different PTLV lineages evolve at different rates when first and second cdp's are considered, but the molecular-clock hypothesis holds for some PTLV lineages when the third cdp is used. Negative selection was evident throughout the genome. However, in the gp46 region, a small fragment subjected to positive selection was identified using a Monte Carlo simulation based on a likelihood method. Employing correlations of the virus divergence times with anthropologically documented migrations of their host, a possible timescale was estimated for each important node of the PTLV tree. The obtained results on these slow-evolving viruses could be used to fill gaps in the historical records of some of the host species. In particular, the HTLV-I/STLV-I history might suggest a simian migration from Asia to Africa not much earlier than 19,500-60,000 years ago.
Molecular Architecture of the Rotary Motor in ATP Synthase (1999)

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase contains a rotary motor involved in biological energy conversion. Its membrane-embedded F0 sector has a rotation generator fueled by the proton-motive force, which provides the energy required for the synthesis of ATP by the F1 domain. An electron density map obtained from crystals of a subcomplex of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase shows a ring of 10 c subunits. Each c subunit forms an alpha-helical hairpin. The interhelical loops of six to seven of the c subunits are in close contact with the gamma and delta subunits of the central stalk. The extensive contact between the c ring and the stalk suggests that they may rotate as an ensemble during catalysis.
A Geometrically Exact Model for Externally Loaded Concentric-Tube Continuum Robots (2010)

Continuum robots, which are composed of multiple concentric, precurved elastic tubes, can provide dexterity at diameters equivalent to standard surgical needles. Recent mechanics-based models of these "active cannulas" are able to accurately describe the curve of the robot in free space, given the preformed tube curves and the linear and angular positions of the tube bases. However, in practical applications, where the active cannula must interact with its environment or apply controlled forces, a model that accounts for deformation under external loading is required. In this paper, we apply geometrically exact rod theory to produce a forward kinematic model that accurately describes large deflections due to a general collection of externally applied point and/or distributed wrench loads. This model accommodates arbitrarily many tubes, with each having a general preshaped curve. It also describes the independent torsional deformation of the individual tubes. Experimental results are provided for both point and distributed loads. Average tip error under load was 2.91 mm (1.5%-3% of total robot length), which is similar to the accuracy of existing free-space models.
Tinker, Tailor: Can Venter Stitch Together a Genome From Scratch? (2003)

GENOMICSJ. Craig Venter plans to create microbes to cure the world's environmental woes. Whether he can even partially succeed is an open question. Obstacles range from determining which genes are essential to how to switch on a new genome.
The dielectric-filled parabola: a new millimeter/submillimeter wavelength receiver/transmitter front end (1991)

A design is presented for a semi-integrated millimeter/submillimeter wavelength receiver/transmitter front end incorporating a planar antenna and a solid-state device in an efficient feed structure which can be matched directly to high f-number optical systems. The feed system combines the simplicity and robustness of a dielectric substrate lens with the high gain of a parabolic reflector in a single structure that is termed a dielectric-filled parabola. The same fundamental unit can be configured as either a heterodyne or direct detection mode receiver, a power transmitter or a frequency multiplier by changing out the solid-state device and/or the integrated antenna. The structure can also be used with a small integrated antenna array in a multibeam or imaging arrangement. Design and fabrication details for the feed system are given. These are followed by beam pattern and impedance measurements taken on a microwave model when dipole, bow-tie, log-periodic, and log-spiral antennas are used as the integrated feed elements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>