gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different patterns of postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in normal, type IIa, type III, and type IV hyperlipoproteinemic individuals. Effects of treatment with cholestyramine and gemfibrozil. (1987)

To study exogenous fat metabolism, we used the vitamin A-fat loading test, which specifically labels intestinally derived lipoproteins with retinyl palmitate (RP). Postprandial RP concentrations were followed in total plasma, and chylomicron (Sf greater than 1,000) and nonchylomicron (Sf less than 1,000) fractions. In normal subjects postprandial lipoproteins were present for more than 14 h, and chylomicron levels correlated inversely with lipoprotein lipase activity and fasting high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and nonchylomicron levels correlated inversely with hepatic triglyceride lipase activity. The main abnormality in type IV patients was a 5.6-fold increase in the chylomicron fraction, whereas in type III patients it was a 6.4-fold increase in nonchylomicrons. Type IIa patients had abnormally low chylomicron fractions. In type IV patients gemfibrozil decreased, whereas in type IIa patients cholestyramine increased the chylomicron fraction 66 and 88%, respectively. This study demonstrates an unexpectedly large magnitude and long duration of postprandial lipemia in normal subjects and patients. These particles are potentially atherogenic, and their role in human atherosclerosis warrants further study.
Extended survival of pancreatic islet allografts in the testis of guinea-pigs. (1977)

1. Pancreatic islets, isolated from the guinea-pig pancreas by microdissection and transplanted as allografts to the testis, may survive for 11 weeks, some 5 times the maximum survival of orthotopic skin grafts. 2. Intratesticular islet cell allografts appear not to provoke a systemic immunity such as might be detected by the behaviour of a subsequent orthotopic skin allograft from the same donor. 3. Intratesticular islet cell allografts succumb (in 'second set' fashion) to a pre-existing immunity generated by a prior orthotopic skin allograft. 4. Further experimental work is necessary to determine the relative importance of graft dosage, graft antigenicity, graft site and 'graft adaptation' in determining this extended survival.
Identification and Characterization of the ackA (Acetate Kinase A)-pta (Phosphotransacetylase) Operon and Complementation Analysis of Acetate Utilization by an ackA-pta Deletion Mutant of Escherichia coli (1994)

The pta gene encoding phosphotransacetylase was cloned on a high copy plasmid with or without the ackA gene encoding acetate kinase in Escherichia coli. The acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase were overproduced in cells harboring the plasmid possessing both genes. Nucleotide sequencing of the pta gene revealed that it is able to produce a polypeptide comprising 714 amino acid residues, which starts at 70 base pairs downstream from the stop codon of the ackA gene. The 77-kDa protein band of overproduced phosphotransacetylase was observed on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, of which the amino terminal sequence corresponds to that of the deduced polypeptide without the amino terminal methionine. Two transcripts of pta of different sizes were found in the cells. A 3,700 nucleotide transcript, which covers the ackA and pta genes, seemed to be produced by the first promoter in the operon and a 2,300 nucleotide transcript, which covers just pta, seemed to be produced by the second promoter. In a synthetic medium containing acetate as the sole carbon source, the growth of an ackA-pta double mutant was greatly impaired. Complementation analyses revealed that both the acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase were required for the rapid growth in the acetate medium.
Updated Response Assessment Criteria for High-Grade Gliomas: Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Working Group (2010)

Currently, the most widely used criteria for assessing response to therapy in high-grade gliomas are based on two-dimensional tumor measurements on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in conjunction with clinical assessment and corticosteroid dose (the Macdonald Criteria). It is increasingly apparent that there are significant limitations to these criteria, which only address the contrast-enhancing component of the tumor. For example, chemoradiotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastomas results in transient increase in tumor enhancement (pseudoprogression) in 20% to 30% of patients, which is difficult to differentiate from true tumor progression. Antiangiogenic agents produce high radiographic response rates, as defined by a rapid decrease in contrast enhancement on CT/MRI that occurs within days of initiation of treatment and that is partly a result of reduced vascular permeability to contrast agents rather than a true antitumor effect. In addition, a subset of patients treated with antiangiogenic agents develop tumor recurrence characterized by an increase in the nonenhancing component depicted on T2-weighted/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. The recognition that contrast enhancement is nonspecific and may not always be a true surrogate of tumor response and the need to account for the nonenhancing component of the tumor mandate that new criteria be developed and validated to permit accurate assessment of the efficacy of novel therapies. The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Working Group is an international effort to develop new standardized response criteria for clinical trials in brain tumors. In this proposal, we present the recommendations for updated response criteria for high-grade gliomas.
In vitro and in vivo optimization of impaction allografting by demineralization and addition of rh‐OP‐1 (2007)

Impaction allografting is a bone tissue engineering technique currently used in lower limb reconstruction orthopedic surgery. Our hypothesis was that biological optimization can be achieved by demineralization and addition of osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) to the allograft. The objective of our in vitro study was to evaluate human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation (Alamar Blue assay, titrated thymidine assay, total DNA Hoechst 33258, and scanning electron microscopy) and osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase assay) in two types of impacted carrier, namely, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and insoluble collagenous bone matrix (ICBM), with or without OP-1. The objective in vivo was to compare the osteogenic potential of impacted DBM with or without OP-1, with that of impacted fresh frozen allograft (FFA), again with or without OP-1. DBM + OP-1 optimized osteoinduction and significantly improved (p < 0.05) proliferation and differentiation in comparison to the majority of all other graft preparation in vitro. In addition, DBM + OP-1 was significantly superior, with regard to osteogenesis, compared to the impacted FFA alone (p < 0.001), FFA + OP-1 (p = 0.01) and DBM alone (p = 0.02) in vivo. We propose that partial demineralization and addition of OP-1 provides a good method for improving the osteoinductive properties of fresh allograft currently used in the impaction grafting technique.
Phase I Study of an Anti-Breast Cancer Immunotoxin by Continuous Infusion: Report of a Targeted Toxic Effect Not Predicted by Animal Studies (1989)

260F9 Monoclonal antibody-recombinant ricin A chain, an immunotoxin reactive with approximately 50% of breast carcinomas, was given by continuous iv infusion at a dose of 50 micrograms/kg per day or 100 micrograms/kg per day. Five patients with refractory breast cancer received treatment for from 6 to 8 days. Severe toxic effects, including marked fluid overload and debilitating sensorimotor neuropathies, occurred in most patients. Immunoperoxidase studies suggested that 260F9 monoclonal antibody targeting of the Schwann cells may have induced demyelination and subsequent neuropathy. This is the first report of a targeted toxic effect due to an immunoconjugate.
Accumulation of cyclic ADP‐ribose measured by a specific radioimmunoassay in differentiated human leukemic HL‐60 cells with all‐trans‐retinoic acid (1995)

Cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR) is a novel candidate for the mediator of Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. The formation of this cyclic nucleotide is catalyzed by not only Aplysia ADP-ribosyl cyclase but also an ecto-form enzyme of NAD+ glycohydrolase (NADase), which was previously identified as all-trans-retinoic acid (RA)-inducible CD38 in human leukemic HL-60 cells. In the present study, we developed a radioimmunoassay specific for cADPR, by which more than 100 fmol of cADPR could be detected without any interference by other nucleotides. The possible involvement of CD38 in the formation of cellular cADPR was investigated with the radioimmunoassay method. A marked increase in cellular cADPR was accompanied by all-trans-RA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells. Moreover, a high level of cellular cADPR was observed in other leukemic cell lines, in which CD38 mRNA was expressed. Thus, CD38, which was initially identified as an NADase, appeared to be responsible for the formation of cellular cADPR.
Macromolecular Crowding and Confinement: Biochemical, Biophysical, and Potential Physiological Consequences (2008)

Expected and observed effects of volume exclusion on the free energy of rigid and flexible macromolecules in crowded and confined systems, and consequent effects of crowding and confinement on macromolecular reaction rates and equilibria are summarized. Findings from relevant theoretical/simulation and experimental literature published from 2004 onward are reviewed. Additional complexity arising from the heterogeneity of local environments in biological media, and the presence of nonspecific interactions between macromolecules over and above steric repulsion, are discussed. Theoretical and experimental approaches to the characterization of crowding- and confinement-induced effects in systems approaching the complexity of living organisms are suggested.
Better operating system features for faster network servers (1998)

Widely-used operating systems provide inadequate support for large-scale Internet server applications. Their algorithms and interfaces fail to efficiently support either event-driven or multi-threaded servers. They provide poor control over the scheduling and management of machine resources, making it difficult to provide robust and controlled service. We propose new UNIX interfaces to improve scalability, and to provide fine-grained scheduling and resource management.
A mutant sigma 32 with a small deletion in conserved region 3 of sigma has reduced affinity for core RNA polymerase (1992)

sigma 70, encoded by rpoD, is the major sigma factor in Escherichia coli. rpoD285 (rpoD800) is a small deletion mutation in rpoD that confers a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype because the mutant sigma 70 is rapidly degraded at high temperature. Extragenic mutations which reduce the rate of degradation of RpoD285 sigma 70 permit growth at high temperature. One class of such suppressors is located in rpoH, the gene encoding sigma 32, an alternative sigma factor required for transcription of the heat shock genes. One of these, rpoH113, is incompatible with rpoD+. We determined the mechanism of incompatibility. Although RpoH113 sigma 32 continues to be made when wild-type sigma 70 is present, cells show reduced ability to express heat shock genes and to transcribe from heat shock promoters. Glycerol gradient fractionation of sigma 32 into the holoenzyme and free sigma suggests that RpoH113 sigma 32 has a lower binding affinity for core RNA polymerase than does wild-type sigma 32. The presence of wild-type sigma 70 exacerbates this defect. We suggest that the reduced ability of RpoH113 sigma 32 to compete with wild-type sigma 70 for core RNA polymerase explains the incompatibility between rpoH113 and rpoD+. The rpoH113 cells would have reduced amounts of sigma 32 holoenzyme and thus be unable to express sufficient amounts of the essential heat shock proteins to maintain viability.
A Big Data Approach to Computational Creativity (2013)

Computational creativity is an emerging branch of artificial intelligence that places computers in the center of the creative process. Broadly, creativity involves a generative step to produce many ideas and a selective step to determine the ones that are the best. Many previous attempts at computational creativity, however, have not been able to achieve a valid selective step. This work shows how bringing data sources from the creative domain and from hedonic psychophysics together with big data analytics techniques can overcome this shortcoming to yield a system that can produce novel and high-quality creative artifacts. Our data-driven approach is demonstrated through a computational creativity system for culinary recipes and menus we developed and deployed, which can operate either autonomously or semi-autonomously with human interaction. We also comment on the volume, velocity, variety, and veracity of data in computational creativity.
In Vivo Experimental Models of Epilepsy (2010)

This study reviews the different in vivo experimental models that have been used for the study of epileptogenesis. In this review we will focus on how to replicate the different models that have led to the study of partial seizures, as well as generalized seizures and the status epilepticus. The main characteristics that participate in the processes that generate and modulate the manifestations of different models of epileptogenesis are described. The development of several models of experimental epilepsy in animals has clearly helped the study of specific brain areas capable of causing convulsions. The experimental models of epilepsy also have helped in the study the mechanisms and actions of epilepsy drugs. In order to develop experimental animal models of epilepsy, animals are generally chosen according to the kind of epilepsy that can be developed and studied. It is currently known that animal species can have epileptic seizures similar to those in humans. However, it is important to keep in mind that it has not been possible to entirely evaluate all manifestations of human epilepsy. Notwithstanding, these experimental models of epilepsy have allowed a partial understanding of most of the underlying mechanisms of this disease.
ZMIZ1 Preferably Enhances the Transcriptional Activity of Androgen Receptor with Short Polyglutamine Tract (2011)

The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-induced transcription factor and contains the polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts within its N-terminal transactivation domain. The length of polyQ tracts has been suggested to alter AR transcriptional activity in prostate cancer along with other endocrine and neurologic disorders. Here, we assessed the role of ZMIZ1, an AR co-activator, in regulating the activity of the AR with different lengths of polyQ tracts as ARQ9, ARQ24, and ARQ35 in prostate cancer cells. ZMIZ1, but not ZMIZ2 or ARA70, preferably augments ARQ9 induced androgen-dependent transcription on three different androgen-inducible promoter/reporter vectors. A strong protein-protein interaction between ZMIZ1 and ARQ9 proteins was shown by immunoprecipitation assays. In the presence of ZMIZ1, the N and C-terminal interaction of the ARQ9 was more pronounced than ARQ24 and ARQ35. Both Brg1 and BAF57, the components of SWI/SNF complexes, were shown to be involved in the enhancement of ZMIZ1 on AR activity. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP), we further demonstrated a strong recruitment of ZMIZ1 by ARQ9 on the promoter of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) gene. These results demonstrate a novel regulatory role of ZMIZ1 in modulating the polyQ tract length of AR in prostate cancer cells.
Comparison of statistical methods for classification of ovarian cancer using mass spectrometry data (2003)

We compare the performance of several classes of statistical methods for the classification of cancer based on MS spectra. These methods include: linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbor classifier, bagging and boosting classification trees, support vector machine, and random forest (RF). The methods are applied to ovarian cancer and control serum samples from the National Ovarian Cancer Early Detection Program clinic at Northwestern University Hospital. We found that RF outperforms other methods in the analysis of MS data.
Systemic immunization with conserved pilus-associated adhesins protects against mucosal infections. (1998)

Colonization and infection of the bladder mucosa by Escherichia coli, the major uropathogenic organism, is dependent on the expression of pilus organelles. Type 1 pili are expressed by the majority of E. coli strains derived from patients with cystitis and pyelonephritis. FimH is the adhesin protein located at the distal tip of the heteropolymeric type-1 pilus which mediates binding to bladder cells through mannose receptors. We have shown that humoral antibody raised against two forms of purified FimH adhesin inhibited 94% (49/52) of E. coli UTI clinical isolates from binding to bladder tissue in vitro. Animals immunized with FimH-containing vaccines by a systemic route reduced colonization of the bladder mucosa in vivo in a murine cystitis model by > 99%. IgG antibody to FimH was detected in urinary samples obtained from immunized, protected mice. Passive systemic administration of immune sera from FimH-inoculated mice to naive animals also resulted in reduced colonization of bladder mucosa by uropathogenic E. coli. These studies demonstrate that systemic immunization with an anti-bacterial vaccine targeting a highly conserved adhesin on uropathogenic E. coli can induce IgG-mediated protection at a mucosal surface and may be a means of preventing recurrent and acute infections of the urogenital tract mucosa.
Chemical vapor deposition of platinum: new precursors and their properties (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical vapor deposition of platinum: new precursors and their propertiesNeil H. Dryden, Ravi Kumar, Eric Ou, Mehdi Rashidi, Sujit Roy, Peter R. Norton, Richard J. Puddephatt, and John D. ScottCite this: Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 4, 677–685Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00016a022https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00016a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views496Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fully automatic and robust UAV camera calibration using chessboard patterns (2009)

Due to weight constraints, UAVs often carry cameras with lenses that create distortions in the image. For practical applications this distortion should be removed with a proper calibration procedure, without spending too much extra time. Existing methods require costly manual interaction when the grid is not fully visible, or when not all points can be extracted. In this paper we present an algorithm to perform the calibration without any user interaction whatsoever, which works under almost all possible conditions. The only inputs are a number of pictures of a checkerboard, taken with the camera. We extract the corners from the chessboard pictures, and set up a world coordinate grid that is robust to missing corner points, occlusion and deformations. We automatically omit the pictures that are too close to another picture, to avoid giving too much weight to often viewed areas. Finally we optimize the result by iteratively removing outlier pictures from the set.
Understanding and harnessing the graft‐versus‐leukaemia effect (2008)

The graft-versus-leukaemia (GVL) effect is a central component of the stem cell allograft's ability to cure haematological malignancies. The GVL effect is mediated by donor-derived natural killer cells and T lymphocytes, which have distinct mechanisms of recognizing and targeting the recipient's malignant cells. After transplantation the cytokine milieu is favourable to the early establishment of a GVL effect, but the need to prevent graft-versus-host disease limits the full potential of this process. Clinical studies have identified some critical components of the transplant preparation, donor selection, stem cell source (peripheral blood versus bone marrow) and post-transplant management that can be manipulated to optimize the GVL effect. However, further developments focusing on the selective depletion of unwanted alloreactivity with preservation of GVL effects, and the use of vaccines or the adoptive transfer of leukaemia-specific lymphocytes, will be required to enhance the GVL effect to reliably eradicate more resistant leukaemias.
Studies on Branhamella Catarrhalis (Neisseria Catarrhalis) with Special Reference to Maxillary Sinusitis (1976)

Paired sera from 97 patients with acute maxillary sinusitis were examined regarding antibodies to Branhamella catarrhalis. Precipitating antibodies were demonstrated in almost all sera both from patients and from healthy blood donors. Complement-fixing (CF) antibodies to B. catarrhalis were present in sera from 25 of the 97 patients and in one of 20 healthy blood donors. The titres were low and the titre changes when present were of a small magnitude. CF antibodies were most commonly demonstrated in the younger age groups. The patients with demonstrable CF antibodies to B. catarrhalis did not differ from patients without antibodies regarding radiological appearance or healing during therapy. Strains of B. catarrhalis were all rapidly killed by normal human serum but not in heated sera. The strains could not multiplicate significantly at an oxygen tension corresponding to about half the atmospheric value. The possible significance of the serological and bacteriological findings is discussed.
Procedimientos y productos industriales (2009)

En este ensayo se da noticia de las seis patentes registradas por el inventor Antonio Perez Cano, vecino de Cieza, en el periodo que va desde 1916 a 1922. Todas ellas relacionadas con la industria espartera ciezana en auge en aquellos anos. Cuatro de estas patentes se registraron en el ano de la crisis de 1917 a la que dio lugar la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). La primera patente trata sobre un procedimiento de blanqueo, otras tres sobre nuevos productos industriales y las dos restantes sobre adicion o mejora de esos productos. Muchas veces las memorias de las patentes nos hablan del estado de la tecnica en la fecha que fueron registradas y tambien de la oportunidad de los inventores para aprovechar la coyuntura economica del momento historico y aumentar asi la produccion de bienes y productos fabricados con materia prima no importada.
Serum Levels of Autoantibodies to BP180 Correlate With Disease Activity in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid (2000)

In contrast to indirect immunofluorescence reactivity that reflects reactivity to both BP 180 and BP230, serum levels of autoantibodies to BP180 correlate with disease activity in BP. Assaying reactivity to BP180 should be a helpful guide for the therapeutic management of patients with this disease. Our results underline the pathogenic relevance of autoantibodies to human BP180.