gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Allelic deletion mapping on chromosome 5 in human carcinomas. (1996)

We analysed allelic deletions on chromosome 5 in microdissected human non-small cell lung cancers. Thirty-four primary squamous cell carcinomas, 15 primary adenocarcinomas and five regional lymph node metastases were investigated for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in chromosomal region 5p15-q21. The sites analysed included the APC tumor suppressor gene at 5q21, five polymorphic microsatellite markers and the putative tumor suppressor locus del-27, that was assigned to chromosomal region 5p13-12 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Allelic deletions encompassed larger genomic regions more often in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. The del-27 amd APC regions were identified as two distinct regions with the highest LOH frequencies within 5p15-q21. In squamous cell carcinomas LOH frequencies were 73% at the del-27 and 70% at the APC locus. In adenocarcinomas LOH at the del-27 and APC loci occurred in 38% of the informative cases. Allelic deletion of the APC gene and at the del-27 locus was also detected in the metastases. The results suggest involvement of at least two tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 5 in lung tumorigenesis.
Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyW. R. Kalsi, A. S. Sarpal, S. K. Jain, S. P. Srivastava, and A. K. BhatnagarCite this: Energy Fuels 1995, 9, 4, 574–579Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00052a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00052a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication of epitaxial CoSi2 nanowires (2001)

We have developed a method for fabricating epitaxial CoSi2 nanowires using only conventional optical lithography and standard silicon processing steps. This method was successfully applied to ultrathin epitaxial CoSi2 layers grown on Si(100) and silicon-on-insulator substrates. A nitride mask induces a stress field near its edges into the CoSi2/Si heterostructure and leads to the separation of the CoSi2 layer in this region during a rapid thermal oxidation step. A subsequent etching step and a second oxidation generate highly homogenous silicide wires with dimensions down to 50 nm.
Molecular genetics of cell death in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (1992)

In C. elegans, cell death can be readily studied at the cellular, genetic, and molecular levels. Two types of death have been characterized in this nematode: (1) programmed cell death, which occurs as a normal component in development; and (2) pathological cell death, which occurs aberrantly as a consequence of mutation. Analysis of mutations that disrupt programmed cell death in various ways has defined a genetic pathway for programmed cell death which includes genes that perform such functions as the determination of which cells die, the execution of cell death, the engulfment of cell corpses, and the digestion of DNA from dead cells. Molecular analysis is providing insight into the nature of the molecules that function in these aspects of programmed cell death. Characterization of some genes that mutate to induce abnormal cell death has defined a novel gene family called degenerins that encode putative membrane proteins. Dominant alleles of at least two degenerin genes, mec-4 and deg-1, can cause cellular swelling and late onset neurodegeneration of specific groups of cells.
Fiber Optic Sensor for Hydrogen Concentrations near the Explosive Limit (1991)

A new hydrogen sensor has been demonstrated that provides a large signal for concentrations of hydrogen in air near the explosive limit. This optical fiber sensor is intrinsically safe for use in potentially explosive environments. The sensor responds to changes in the optical properties of a thin palladium film exposed to hydrogen.
Graft-versus-leukemia effect using mixed allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (1989)

Previous studies have demonstrated that T cell-depleted (TCD) syngeneic marrow protects against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) when given along with an allogeneic lymphocyte plus bone marrow (BM) inoculum to lethally irradiated mice. In spite of this anti-GVHD effect, TCD syngeneic marrow is ultimately eliminated by non-TCD allogeneic marrow, permitting complete allogeneic reconstitution. These observations suggested that allogeneic BM might also eliminate host-type leukemic cells in a model in which TCD syngeneic marrow is co-administered to provide protection from GVHD. In the present studies, we describe the establishment of a new model using the EL4 leukemia/lymphoma. Lethally irradiated B10 (H-2b) mice were given a lethal dose of EL4 cells (H-2b) along with syngeneic marrow or a mixture of TCD syngeneic plus non-TCD allogeneic (B10.D2, H-2d) marrow. Non-TCD allogeneic marrow, in contrast to TCD or unmanipulated syngeneic marrow, delayed or prevented mortality from the otherwise lethal EL4 inoculum, without producing clinically apparent GVHD. The anti-leukemic effect of allogeneic marrow alone was not attenuated by the co-administration of TCD syngeneic marrow, and such animals repopulated as completely allogeneic chimeras. Similar anti-leukemic effects of mixed marrow inocula in a haploidentical strain combination, and an anti-leukemic effect against established tumor were also demonstrated. This model may have the potential to increase the safety of clinical bone marrow transplantation across greater HLA disparities, while permitting utilization of the anti-leukemic and alloengraftment-promoting effects of T cells in allogeneic marrow inocula.
Acoustic radiation force on a sphere in tissue (2012)

A theory is presented for the acoustic radiation force on a sphere embedded in a soft elastic medium that possesses a shear modulus several orders of magnitude smaller than its bulk modulus. Scattering of both compressional and shear waves is taken into account. There is no restriction on the size of the sphere or, apart from symmetry about an axis passing through the center of the sphere, the form of the incident compressional wave. If the medium is a liquid and the sphere is small in comparison with a wavelength the result reduces to the classical theory developed by Gor'kov [1] and others. The effect of shear elasticity on the radiation force is discussed in the context of parameters relevant to a gas bubble in tissue.
Self-tuning database systems: a decade of progress (2007)

In this paper we discuss advances in self-tuning database systems over the past decade, based on our experience in the AutoAdmin project at Microsoft Research. This paper primarily focuses on the problem of automated physical database design. We also highlight other areas where research on self-tuning database technology has made significant progress. We conclude with our thoughts on opportunities and open issues. 1. HISTORY OF AUTOADMIN PROJECT Our VLDB 1997 paper [26] reported our first technical results from the AutoAdmin project that was started in Microsoft Research in the summer of 1996. The SQL Server product group at that time had taken on the ambitious task of redesigning the SQL Server code for their next release (SQL Server 7.0). Ease of use and elimination of knobs was a driving force for their design
Elucidation of the Basic Three-Dimensional Structure of Type I Interferons and Its Functional and Evolutionary Implications (1997)

The scientific and personal backgrounds of the crystallographic elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of murine interferon-beta (Mu-IFN-beta) are described. This structure, elucidated in 1990, is still the only experimentally determined structure for type I IFNs. Model-building studies for various type I IFNs based on the Mu-IFN-beta structure and the arguments on the receptor-binding epitopes appearing since then are reviewed. An updated set of a table and a figure demonstrating a strong correlation between the degree of amino acid sequence variation in various cytokine proteins and that in their cognate receptor proteins is given. The origin of a remarkably larger rate of evolutionary change in amino acid sequences of cytokine proteins despite their physiologic significance is discussed in view of the cytokine network and the neutral theory of evolution.
Tearful relations: oxidative stress, inflammation and eye diseases (2008)

Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and ability the biological systems' defense mechanisms necessary to eliminate the stress. It has been accepted that oxidative stress is involved in many acute and chronic diseases and even in normal aging. Recently, increased awareness of oxidative stress damage and its relation with ocular surface diseases incite researchers to discover possible mechanisms in the development of dry eye disease. This review focuses on the evaluation of the influence of oxidative stress on eye diseases emphasizing its relation with the pathogenesis of dry eye disease.
Purification and Some Properties of Human Liver Iduronate Sulfatase1 (1982)

Iduronate sulfatase was purified from human liver for an investigation of the degradative pathway of dermatan sulfate. An overall 80-fold purification was achieved and, more importantly, the preparation was free of alpha-L-iduronidase, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate sulfatase (arylsulfatase B) and highly enriched in beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase. The liver enzyme appeared to be composed of several molecular species. The enzyme activity was optimal at pH 4.0 and its Km was 10--20 microM with sulfoiduronyl sulfoanhydromannitol. Chloride was inhibitory at high concentration and among divalent metal ions, only copper was inhibitory. Nitrocatechol sulfate was not a substrate, but did show competitive inhibition. Its Ki for iduronate sulfatase was similar to its Km for arylsulfatase, suggesting a similarity in the substrate binding sites of iduronate sulfatase and arylsulfatases.
Limiting vibration in systems with constant amplitude actuators through command preshaping (1994)

The basic concepts of command preshaping were taken and adapted to the framework of systems with constant amplitude (on-off) actuators. In this context, pulse sequences were developed which help to attenuate vibration in flexible systems with high robustness to errors in frequency identification. Sequences containing impulses of different magnitudes were approximated by sequences containing pulses of different durations. The effects of variation in pulse width on this approximation were examined. Sequences capable of minimizing loads induced in flexible systems during execution of commands were also investigated. The usefulness of these techniques in real-world situations was verified by application to a high fidelity simulation of the space shuttle. Results showed that constant amplitude preshaping techniques offer a substantial improvement in vibration reduction over both the standard and upgraded shuttle control methods and may be mission enabling for use of the shuttle with extremely massive payloads.
Stereospecific Solution- and Solid-Phase Glycosylations. Synthesis of β-Linked Saccharides and Construction of Disaccharide Libraries Using Phenylsulfenyl 2-Deoxy-2-Trifluoroacetamido Glycopyranosides as Glycosyl Donors1 (1999)

An efficient strategy to construct β-O-2-amino-2-deoxyglycopyranosidic linkages using glycosyl sulfoxides is demonstrated. Phenylsulfenyl 2-deoxy-2-trifluoroacetamido glycopyranosides were found to be reactive glycosyl donors in both solid- and solution-phase glycosylations, affording the corresponding β-glycosides exclusively and in high yield. The trifluoroacetamido group was removed under mild conditions, allowing orthogonal derivatization of multiple protected amino groups on an oligosaccharide or glycoconjugate. On the basis of the results with these glycosyl donors, a solid-phase β-linked disaccharide library was constructed. The scope and flexibility of this approach will be discussed.
LAN-based office for the enterprise, a case study (2002)

Describes an enterprise architecture for LAN-based office applications developed for the IBM Corporation. The LAN-based office applications include Lotus Notes, E-Mail gateways to the host, a host to LAN calendar system, word processors, graphics applications, and spreadsheet applications. The focus of the article is on the architecture of this LAN-based office system over IBM's wide area networks. The connection of the LAN office over the enterprise has brought up requirements for the distribution of databases, connections to LAN office systems outside of IBM, naming standards, a company-wide LAN address book, address book synchronization, remote monitoring, and remote management.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis is a source of osteoclast differentiation factor (2000)

TRAP-positive, cathepsin K-positive osteoclast precursor cells are identified in areas of pannus invasion into bone in RA. ODF is expressed by both synovial fibroblasts and by activated T lymphocytes derived from synovial tissues from patients with RA. These synovial cells may contribute directly to the expansion of osteoclast precursors and to the formation and activation of osteoclasts at sites of bone erosion in RA.
HIV protease substrate conformation: modulation by cyclophilin A (1997)

Cyclophilin A (CyPA), a cytosolic peptidyl‐prolyl trans‐cis isomerase can accelerate the trans‐cis isomerization of Xxx‐Pro peptide bonds. One‐ and two‐dimensional 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy were used to determine that the heptapeptide Ser‐Gln‐Asn‐Tyr‐Pro‐Ile‐Val, a model peptide of an HIV‐1 protease cleavage site in the gag polyprotein of HIV‐1, is a substrate for CyPA. Experiments revealed a slow exchange about the Tyr‐Pro peptide bond with 30±5% in the cis conformation (pH 1–9). While the interconversion rate is too slow to measure by kinetic NMR methods in the absence of CyPA, these methods, saturation transfer and NOE experiments, established that CyPA enhanced the rate of trans‐cis interconversion, a process inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA). With a substrate:CyPA ratio of 40:1, an interconversion rate of 2.5 s −1 at 25°C was observed.
Dissolution of different forms of partially porous silicon wafers under simulated physiological conditions (2003)

Silicon (Si) in the form of orthosilicic acid (Si(OH)4) is vital for normal bone and connective tissue homeostasis. Porous Si films release Si(OH)4 in aqueous solutions in the physiological pH range. This study investigates the release of Si(OH)4 from porous Si films under physiological conditions with the aim of developing a bioavailable form of Si. Using a standardised technique, porous Si films released increasing Si with time. Dissolution was significant at pH 7 and above, and at a temperature of 37 °C. Higher porosity generally promoted dissolution, however multiple layer films did not show enhanced solubility over corresponding single layer controls. These properties will be used to optimise Si nanostructures that slowly deliver orthosilicic acid in the digestive tract.
Magnetic resonance image features identify glioblastoma phenotypic subtypes with distinct molecular pathway activities (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. There is a dire need for easily accessible, noninvasive biomarkers that can delineate underlying molecular activities and predict response to therapy. To this end, we sought to identify subtypes of GBM, differentiated solely by quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features, that could be used for better management of GBM patients. Quantitative image features capturing the shape, texture, and edge sharpness of each lesion were extracted from MR images of 121 single-institution patients with de novo, solitary, unilateral GBM. Three distinct phenotypic "clusters" emerged in the development cohort using consensus clustering with 10,000 iterations on these image features. These three clusters--pre-multifocal, spherical, and rim-enhancing, names reflecting their image features--were validated in an independent cohort consisting of 144 multi-institution patients with similar tumor characteristics from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Each cluster mapped to a unique set of molecular signaling pathways using pathway activity estimates derived from the analysis of TCGA tumor copy number and gene expression data with the PARADIGM (Pathway Recognition Algorithm Using Data Integration on Genomic Models) algorithm. Distinct pathways, such as c-Kit and FOXA, were enriched in each cluster, indicating differential molecular activities as determined by the image features. Each cluster also demonstrated differential probabilities of survival, indicating prognostic importance. Our imaging method offers a noninvasive approach to stratify GBM patients and also provides unique sets of molecular signatures to inform targeted therapy and personalized treatment of GBM.
Comparative structural analysis of glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (1980)

We studied the synthesis and processing of the type-common glycoprotein gD in herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and compared it structurally to glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). We demonstrated that in HSV-2, gD undergoes posttranslational processing from a lower-molecular-weight precursor (pgD51) to a higher-molecular-weight product (gD56). Tryptic peptide analysis by cation-exchange chromatography indicated that this processing step altered neither the methionine nor the arginine tryptic peptide profile of gD of HSV-2. Comparative tryptic peptide analysis of gD of HSV-1 and HSV-2 showed that the methionine and arginine tryptic peptide profiles of these two proteins were very similar, but not identical. Some of the resolved peptides coeluted from the cation-exchange column, suggesting that some amino acid sequences of the two proteins might be very similar. However, each protein also appeared to possess several type-specific tryptic peptides. The structural similarity of these two glycoproteins correlates well with their antigenic cross-reactivity since monoprecipitin antibody to gD of HSV-1 also immunoprecipitates gD of HSV-2 and neutralizes the infectivity of both viruses to approximately the same extent.
Analysis of stimulated Brillouin scattering in multi-mode fiber by numerical solution (2003)

Stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers is described by a theoretical model and numerical analysis. The results showed that, for an optical fiber pumped by a laser beam with ns-order-pulse width and kW-order peak-power, SBS reflectivity tends to saturate when the fiber length exceeds a limit, named "effective fiber length". Using small core-diameter and long enough fiber, the SBS reflectivity level could be raised but is limited by optical damage of the entrance surface of the fiber. Therefore, just a small dynamic range can be obtained.
Concentration-Dependent Presoldier Induction and Feeding Deterrency: Potential of Two Insect Growth Regulators for Remedial Control of the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) (1989)

Journal Article Concentration-Dependent Presoldier Induction and Feeding Deterrency: Potential of Two Insect Growth Regulators for Remedial Control of the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Get access Michael I. Haverty, Michael I. Haverty Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nan-Yao Su, Nan-Yao Su Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Minoru Tamashiro, Minoru Tamashiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robin Yamamoto Robin Yamamoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 82, Issue 5, 1 October 1989, Pages 1370–1374, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/82.5.1370 Published: 01 October 1989 Article history Received: 24 October 1988 Accepted: 06 January 1989 Published: 01 October 1989
[Immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma]. (2002)

Combining the immunophenotype of tumor cells and background cells with morphologic criteria are more helpful for classification of HL, and discrimination between NLPHL, CHL and TCRBCL.
A fault-tolerant interface for self-validating sensors (1990)

Much effort has been expended in recent years on the development of fault detection and isolation (FDI) techniques for industrial plant. The increasing availability of localised computational power together with the richness of communication provided by digital bus technology offers the necessary infra-structure for FDI techniques to be applied in a more systematic manner throughout industry. The author outlines a scheme in which the self-validating sensor generates an uncertainty value together with an additional status datum for every measurement value. It is suggested that these parameters are applicable to any type of sensor, and convey sufficient information for appropriate control action to be determined. In order to achieve this, the concept of uncertainty must be extended to accommodate the occurrence of faults, while the status value indicates one of a small number of possible generic fault states. Using uncertainty calculus it is possible to evaluate the effect of single of multiple sensor failures upon data quality elsewhere in the control scheme.
Implementing remote evaluation (1990)

Remote evaluation (REV) is a construct for building distributed systems that involves sending executable code from one computer to another computer via a communication network. How REV can reduce communication and improve performance for certain classes of distributed applications is explained. Implementation issues are discussed. REV is incorporated into a high-level programming language by defining its syntax and its semantics. The compile-time and run-time support for REV is discussed in both heterogeneous and homogeneous systems and compared to that needed by a remote procedure call implementation. Sample performance measurements are included. Experience with a prototype REV implementation is summarized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>