gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A microfluidic approach to study the effect of bacterial interactions on antimicrobial susceptibility in polymicrobial cultures (2015)

An easy-to-use, lab-on-a-chip platform to rapidly quantify the efficacy of antibiotics to treat polymicrobial infections.
Recombinant fowlpox viruses encoding the anchor-modified gp100 melanoma antigen can generate antitumor immune responses in patients with metastatic melanoma. (2003)

These data underscore the importance of modifying anchor residues of nonmutated self-antigen peptides to generate cellular immune responses after immunization and support the further investigation of recombinant fowlpox viruses encoding modified epitopes administered in combination with IL-2.
Three novel mutations in the ANK membrane protein cause craniometaphyseal dysplasia with variable conductive hearing loss (2010)

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a rare, sclerosing skeletal disorder caused by mutations in ANKH, which encodes a putative pyrophosphate transporting membrane protein. Six distinct ANKH mutations have been described to date. We report here on three novel mutations in simplex patients with CMD. The c.1015T>C (p.Cys339Arg) mutation found in Patient A was associated with congenital facial palsy, early-onset conductive hearing loss, and a generalized undermodeling of the long bones. The c.1172T>C (p.Leu391Pro) mutation in Patient B was associated with facial palsy, progressive conductive hearing loss, and generalized undermodeling of tubular bones. A milder phenotype without cranial nerve affection was observed in Patient C, associated with a c.1001T>G (p.Leu334Arg) mutation. All affected residues lie in evolutionarily conserved sequence blocks. These additional cases and the associated mutations contribute to an improved appreciation of the variability of this rare skeletal dysplasia. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Bisubstrate Analog Inhibitor for a(1→2)-FucosyItransferase (1989)

Porcine submaxillary beta-galactoside alpha(1----2)-fucosyltransferase is known to transfer a fucosyl residue from guanosine 5'-diphosphofucose (GDP-fucose) to the 2-OH group of beta-D-galactopyranosides with inversion of configuration at the fucopyranosyl anomeric carbon. A bisubstrate analog (1) of the postulated transition-state for this reaction, which has O-2 of phenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside attached to the terminal phosphorous of GDP through a flexible ethylene bridge, has been chemically synthesized and evaluated as an inhibitor of this enzyme. Compound 1 was found to be a competitive inhibitor with respect to both GDP-fucose and phenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside for both the membrane-bound and soluble forms of the fucosyltransferase. It was also a competitive inhibitor with respect to the alternate acceptor beta DGal(1----3)beta DGlcNAcO(CH2)8-COOMe. The Ki values were in the range 2.3-16 microM. Compound 1 is the first example of a bisubstrate analog inhibitor for a glycosyltransferase which binds to both the acceptor and donor recognition sites of the enzyme. The potential of a bisubstrate analog strategy for the production of specific glycosyltransferase inhibitors is discussed.
Rapid, efficient, and simple motor neuron differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (2015)

Our motor neuron differentiation system and lentivirus-based reporter system for motor neurons facilitate the analysis of disease-specific hiPSCs for motor neuron diseases.
Uptake and translocation of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium in soybean infected with Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica (2002)

Two soybean (Glycine max) cultivars were used in this study, Ocepar 4, rated as moderately resistant to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 but susceptible to M. javanica, and 'BR 16', susceptible to both nematodes. The effect of nematodes infection on the uptake and transport of N, P and Ca to the shoot was studied in plants growing in a split root system. The upper half was inoculated with 0, 3,000, 9,000 or 27,000 eggs/plant while the lower half received 15N, 32P or 45Ca. Infected plants showed an increase of root but a decrease of shoot mass with increasing inoculum levels. In general, total endogenous nutrients increased in the roots and tended to decrease in the shoots with increasing inoculum levels. When concentrations were calculated, there was an increase in the three nutrients in the roots, and an increase of Ca but no significant variation of N and P was observed in the shoots. The total amount of 15N in the roots increased at the highest inoculum levels but 32P and 45Ca decreased. In the shoots there was a reduction of 32P and 45Ca. The specific concentrations of the labelled nutrients (abundance or radioactivity/tissue mass) also showed a decrease of 32P and 45Ca in the shoots and roots of infected plants and an increase of 15N in the shoots. Considering that overall nutrient concentrations reflect cumulative nutrient uptake and the data from labelled elements gave information at a specific moment of the infection, thus nematodes do interfere with nutrient uptake and translocation.
Cell and virus propagation on cylindrical cellulose based microcarriers. (1981)

Microgranular DEAE-cellulose anion exchanger with exchange capacities ranging between 0-2.7 meq/gr dry materials were tested for their suitability to be used as microcarriers for culturing several anchorage-dependent-cells. It was found that cells from established cell lines (BHK, MDCK), grew as confluent monolayer on DEAE-cellulose microcarriers with exchange capacity ranging between 1.00-2.0 meq/gr dry materials. Primary cells (chick embryo fibroblast) grow as a cell-microcarriers aggregate on DEAE-cellulose microcarriers with an exchange capacity ranging between 1.59-2.0 meq/gr dry materials. Cells from human diploid cell strains grew poorly on these microcarriers. Cell yields obtained using the DEAE-cellulose microcarriers were similar to those obtained on commercially available DEAE-dextran microcarrier culturing systems. Several viruses were propagated on cells grown in DEAE-cellulose microcarrier culturing systems. Virus yields per cell were similar to those obtained in conventional monolayer cultures.
Recent Developments in Gas Dehydration and Hydrate Inhibition (1991)

ABSTRACT Dehydration is an essential step in the processing of natural gas to meet pipeline specifications. Water removal is required to prevent condensation of an aqueous phase which can lead to hydrate formation and corrosion in the gas handling system. The purpose of this paper is to review commercial natural gas dehydration processes and recent developments which impact the installation and operation of these facilities. The paper will be divided into three sections 1) review and history of gas dehydration processes, 2) water-hydrocarbon equilibrium behavior and 3) new developments in gas dehydration processes.
Transgenic targeting with regulatory elements of the humanCD34 gene (2002)

The human CD34 gene is expressed on early progenitor and stem cells in the bone marrow. Here we report the isolation of the human CD34 locus from a human P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) library and the characterization and evaluation of this genomic fragment for expression of reporter genes in stable cell lines and transgenic mice. We show that a 160-kb fragment spanning 110 kb of the 5' flanking region and 26 kb of the 3' flanking region of the CD34 gene directs expression of the human CD34 gene in the bone marrow of transgenic mice. The expression of human CD34 transgenic RNA in tissues was found to be similar to that of the endogenous murine CD34 gene. Colony-forming cell assays showed that bone marrow cells staining positive for human CD34 consist of early progenitor cells in which expression of CD34 decreased with cell maturation. In order to test the construct for its ability to express heterologous genes in vivo, we used homologous recombination in bacteria to insert the tetracycline-responsive transactivator protein tTA. Analysis of transgenic human CD34-tTA mice by cross breeding with a strain carrying Cre recombinase under control of a tetracycline-responsive element demonstrated induction of Cre expression in mice in a pattern consistent with the expression of the human CD34 transgene.
Laser action from a tetramethylpyrromethene-BF_2 complex (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Theodore G. Pavlopoulos, Mayur Shah, and Joseph H. Boyer, "Laser action from a tetramethylpyrromethene-BF2 complex," Appl. Opt. 27, 4998-4999 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A segment-based speech recognition system for isolated Mandarin syllables (2002)

A segment-based speech recognition scheme is proposed. The basic idea is to explicitly model the correlations between successive frames of an acoustic segment by using features representing the contours of spectral parameters. These segmental features are several lower-order coefficients of discrete orthonormal polynomial expansions. The performance of the proposed scheme was examined by simulations on multi-speaker speech recognition for all 408 highly confusing first-tone Mandarin syllables. A recognition rate of 77.4% was achieved for the case, using five 6-segment reference templates per syllable. This is 13.0% and 6.6% higher than those obtained by a conventional dynamic time warping (DTW) method and a conventional hidden Markov model (CHMM) method, respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High levels of serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 are associated with increased mortality in long haemodialysis patients (2009)

This study demonstrated a high level of circulating FGF-23 in LHD patients, despite infrequent hyperphosphataemia. However, phosphataemia is still the main factor correlating with serum FGF-23. The association of higher serum FGF-23 levels with mortality and VC, regardless of the serum phosphate levels, has thus been confirmed.
Nitric Oxide Donor Upregulation of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1/Chemokine (CXC Motif) Receptor 4 Enhances Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Migration into Ischemic Brain After Stroke (2007)

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and its chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), along with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), regulate bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) migration. We tested the hypothesis that a nitric oxide donor, DETA-NONOate, increases endogenous ischemic brain SDF1 and BMSC CXCR4 and MMP9 expression, which promotes BMSC migration into ischemic brain and thereby enhances functional outcome after stroke. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), and 24 hours later, the following were intravenously administered (n = 9 mice per group): (a) phosphate-buffered saline; (b) BMSCs (5 x 10(5)); (c) 0.4 mg/kg DETA-NONOate; (d) combination of CXCR4-inhibition BMSCs with DETA-NONOate; and (e) combination of BMSCs with DETA-NONOate. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying combination-enhanced BMSC migration, transwell cocultures of BMSC with mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) or astrocytes were performed. Combination treatment significantly improved functional outcome after stroke compared with BMSC monotherapy and MCAo control, and it increased SDF1 expression in the ischemic brain compared with DETA-NONOate monotherapy and MCAo control. The number of BMSCs in the ischemic brain was significantly increased after combination BMSC with DETA-NONOate treatment compared with monotherapy with BMSCs. The number of engrafted BMSCs was significantly correlated with functional outcome after stroke. DETA-NONOate significantly increased BMSC CXCR4 and MMP9 expression and promoted BMSC adhesion and migration to MBECs and astrocytes compared with nontreatment BMSCs. Inhibition of CXCR4 or MMPs in BMSCs significantly decreased DETA-NONOate-induced BMSC adhesion and migration. Our data demonstrate that DETA-NONOate enhanced the therapeutic potency of BMSCs, possibly via upregulation of SDF1/CXCR4 and MMP pathways, and increased BMSC engraftment into the ischemic brain.
INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1) IN MICE REDUCES WEIGHT LOSS DURING STARVATION (1989)

Plasma concentrations of IGF-1 decrease markedly during starvation secondary to a reduction in somatotropic receptors in the liver. We investigated whether IGF-1 administration during starvation in mice inhibits the catabolic state normally observed. Plasma concentrations of IGF-1 in starved mice receiving IGF-1 therapy were similar to values from non-starved mice, whereas bGH treatment failed to increase plasma IGF-1 levels. The degree of weight loss during 36 hours of starvation was reduced (p less than 0.01) by frequent treatment with subcutaneous IGF-1 but not by bGH therapy. The effect was restricted to the period 28 to 36 hours after commencement of the fast. These results suggest that a fall in circulating IGF-1 may play a role in the metabolic adaptation during malnutrition.
C-reactive Protein as a Predictor of Prognosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2006)

CRP is a strong and independent predictor of future COPD outcomes in individuals with airway obstruction.
Pilot Evaulation of a Novel Combination Tablet (PN 100) Containing a Proton Pump Inhibitor and a Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug in Prevention of Upper Gastrointestinal Mucosal Injury (2005)

Purpose: To compare the incidence of gastric and duodenal mucosal injury with twice-daily administration of PN100, twice-daily enteric-coated naproxen, and twice-daily naproxen with delayed-release lansoprazole once daily. Methods: A single-center, randomized, parallel-group study enrolled 60 male and female volunteers aged 40–65 years. After normal baseline endoscopy (EGD), subjects received 14 days' treatment with either: (a) twice-daily PN100 (immediate-release lansoprazole 15mg and enteric-coated (EC) naproxen 500mg in a combination tablet), (b) twice-daily EC naproxen 500mg, or (c) delayed-release lansoprazole 15mg capsule each morning and twice-daily naproxen 500mg. The endoscopist was blinded to treatment assignment. EGD was performed at baseline and on days 8 and 14. Gastric pH monitoring (24 hour) and pharmacokinetic sampling were performed on days 1 and 7. Mucosal injury was assessed by the Lanza scale and enumeration of erosions and/or ulcers. Results: After two weeks, no ulcers were present in subjects receiving PN100 whereas 11% of subjects receiving EC naproxen had gastric ulcers. Subjects who received naproxen twice-daily with delayed-release lansoprazole each morning had an ulcer rate of 5%. The cumulative median numbers of gastric erosions at days 8 and 14 were: 5 for PN100; 14 for naproxen and lansoprazole; and 21 for EC naproxen (p = 0.02, Kruskal-Wallis test among 3 treatment groups). No mucosal lesions meeting criteria for Lanza Grade 4 were present at day 14 in subjects receiving PN100, whereas 53% of subjects receiving EC naproxen and 30% of subjects receiving naproxen and lansoprazole met criteria for Lanza Grade 4 injury (≥25 erosions or hemorrhages or any ulcer). Gastric pH monitoring suggested the possibility of better nocturnal acid suppression with use of twice-daily PN100 than with once-daily delayed-release lansoprazole and twice-daily naproxen. Conclusions: A combination tablet containing lansoprazole and EC naproxen was associated with the lowest incidence of upper gastrointestinal mucosal injury when compared with either EC naproxen alone or with naproxen administered with a morning dose of delayed-release lansoprazole. If these results are confirmed, clinical use of this novel formulation would ensure adherence with gastroprotective therapy when recommended for use with an NSAID.
Highly efficient RNA-guided base editing in rabbit (2018)

Cytidine base editors (CBEs) and adenine base editors (ABEs), composed of a cytidine deaminase or an evolved adenine deaminase fused to Cas9 nickase, enable the conversion of C·G to T·A or A·T to G·C base pair in organisms, respectively. Here, we show that BE3 and ABE7.10 systems can achieve a targeted mutation efficiency of 53-88% and 44-100%, respectively, in both blastocysts and Founder (F0) rabbits. Meanwhile, this strategy can be used to precisely mimic human pathologies by efficiently inducing nonsense or missense mutations as well as RNA mis-splicing in rabbit. In addition, the reduced frequencies of indels with higher product purity are also determined in rabbit blastocysts by BE4-Gam, which is an updated version of the BE3 system. Collectively, this work provides a simple and efficient method for targeted point mutations and generation of disease models in rabbit.
Estimation of human corneal oxygen consumption by noninvasive measurement of tear oxygen tension while wearing hydrogel lenses. (2002)

Tear PO2 behind hydrogel lenses can be measured in human subjects using the phosphorescence of the porphyrin-protein complex bound to the lens surface. The method is simple, fast, reliable, and noninvasive, allowing quick and direct estimates of Q(C). In addition to contact lens wear, this method should be useful for examining the effects of disease, surgery, or topical drugs on the corneal oxygen consumption rate.
Novel retrovirus protease inhibitors, RPI-856 A, B, C and D, produced by Streptomyces sp. AL-322. (1994)

Four kinds of retrovirus protease inhibitors (RPI-856 A, B, C and D) were isolated as white powder from the culture filtrate of a soil isolate, Streptomyces sp. AL-322 by column chromatography using Diaion HP-20, Sephadex LH-20, ODS reversed phase HPLC and SP-2SW ion exchange HPLC. The structures of these inhibitors were elucidated by physico-chemical properties, chemical reactions and spectral analyses, as valyl-ADPAA-leucyl-AOPBA-valyl-valyl-aspartic acid (RPI-856 A and B) and valyl-ADPAA-leucyl-AOPBA-valyl-valine (RPI-856 C and D) [ADPAA = 2-amino-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, AOPBA = 3-amino-2-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid]. RPI-856 A and B, and RPI-856 C and D were both determined to be diasteromers each other on the asymmetric carbon in AOPBA. These four inhibitors strongly inhibited in vitro HIV-1 protease and HTLV-I protease both derived from recombinant Escherichia coli with IC50 of 10(-7) approximately 10(-8) M.
Electrooptic Response of Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals with Oblique Helicoidal Director (2014)

Electrically induced reorientation of liquid crystals (LCs) is a fundamental phenomenon widely used in modern technologies. We observe experimentally an electrooptic effect in a cholesteric LC with a distinct oblique-helicoidal director deformation. The oblique helicoid, predicted in late 1960s, is made possible by recently developed dimer materials with an anomalously small bend elastic constant. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental analysis establishes that both the pitch and the cone angle of the oblique helicoid increase as the electric field decreases. At low fields, the oblique helicoid with the axis parallel to the field transforms into a right-angle helicoid (the ground state of field-free cholesteric) with the axis perpendicular to the field.
Tolerogenic nanoparticles inhibit T cell–mediated autoimmunity through SOCS2 (2016)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell-dependent autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. The administration to patients of ex vivo-differentiated FoxP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells or tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) that promote Treg cell differentiation is considered a potential therapy for T1D; however, cell-based therapies cannot be easily translated into clinical practice. We engineered nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver both a tolerogenic molecule, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE), and the β cell antigen proinsulin (NPITE+Ins) to induce a tolerogenic phenotype in DCs and promote Treg cell generation in vivo. NPITE+Ins administration to 8-week-old nonobese diabetic mice suppressed autoimmune diabetes. NPITE+Ins induced a tolerogenic phenotype in DCs, which was characterized by a decreased ability to activate inflammatory effector T cells and was concomitant with the increased differentiation of FoxP3(+) Treg cells. The induction of a tolerogenic phenotype in DCs by NPs was mediated by the AhR-dependent induction of Socs2, which resulted in inhibition of nuclear factor κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine production (properties of tolerogenic DCs). Together, these data suggest that NPs constitute a potential tool to reestablish tolerance in T1D and potentially other autoimmune disorders.
Diabetes: Rationale for Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors: A New Class of Oral Agents for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2006)

The DPP-4 inhibitors are novel agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Compounds under development in this new class of oral antidiabetic drugs may be free of the limitations of current therapies.
Handheld array-based photoacoustic probe for guiding needle biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes (2010)

By modifying a clinical ultrasound array system, we develop a novel handheld photoacoustic probe for image-guided needle biopsy. The integration of optical fiber bundles for pulsed laser light delivery enables photoacoustic image-guided insertion of a needle into rat axillary lymph nodes with accumulated indocyanine green (ICG). Strong photoacoustic contrast of the needle is achieved. After subcutaneous injection of the dye in the left forepaw, sentinel lymph nodes are easily detected, in vivo and in real time, beneath 2-cm-thick chicken breast overlaying the axillary region. ICG uptake in axillary lymph nodes is confirmed with fluorescence imaging both in vivo and ex vivo. These results demonstrate the clinical potential of this handheld photoacoustic system for facile identification and needle biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes for cancer staging and metastasis detection in humans.
Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors Can Block Invasion and Adhesion of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines (2002)

Introduction Invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer (PC) require cell motility and adhesion, which depend on the activity of cytoskeleton. A cytoskeletal component indispensable for these processes is myosin II, the cytoplasmic analogue of smooth and skeletal muscle myosin. Aims and methodology Because the activity of myosin II is accelerated by phosphorylation of myosin II on its regulatory light chain (RLC) by myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), we used two specific MLCK inhibitors, ML-7 and ML-9, for suppression of motility and adhesion of PC cell lines. Results Both drugs were potent inhibitors, as measured by in vitro motility assay and adhesion assay. When treated with the same concentration of ML-7, the PC cells were rounded up, and the number of stress fibers was reduced markedly. The in vitro migration and adhesion of PC cells were inhibited by ML-7 and ML-9 in a dose-dependent manner, supporting a specific and competitive inhibition of MLCK by these drugs. The inhibition occurred at nontoxic concentrations. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of myosin II in the invasion and metastasis of PC cells and suggest the possibility that blocking of myosin II activity by a specific MLCK inhibitor may be a therapeutic strategy for preventing the invasion and metastasis of PC.