gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lectin interactions with α‐galactosylated xenoantigens (2002)

alpha-Galactosylated xenoantigens (Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1 and Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc) are often detected with the alpha-Gal specific lectin Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4). However, this lectin exhibits a broad and variable specificity for carbohydrates terminating in alpha-Gal. Thus, both false positive and false negative results may occur when GS1 B4 is used to determine natural antigens in xeno (pig-to-primate) transplantation research. To refine the tools for detecting alpha-galactosylated antigens we have studied the binding of various alpha-galactophilic lectins to alpha-galactosylated neoglycoproteins. The lectins were: Euonymus europaeus agglutinin (EEA), Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa agglutinin (PA-IL). Although both GS1 B4 and MPA strongly bound glycoconjugates terminating in Gal there seems to be some differentiation in their sugar binding preferences. MPA was the only lectin that showed high affinity for the pentasaccharide Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc and for the Galalpha-glycans on non-primate thyroglobulin. The length of the xenoantigenic carbohydrate chain may influence the nature of the inhibition when a simple sugar is used to inhibit GS1 B4 binding to the xenoantigen. Inhibition studies of MPA GS1 B4 interaction further suggest that both lectins attach to the same site of the carbohydrate antigen and that GS1 B4 in addition binds to at least one other site that has no affinity for MPA. When lectins are used for recognition and investigation of natural Galalpha-antigens, we propose that GS1 B4 and MPA should accompany each other.
Preβ high density lipoprotein has two metabolic fates in human apolipoprotein A-I transgenic mice (2004)

We compared the in vivo metabolism of prebeta HDL particles isolated by anti-human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) immunoaffinity chromatography (LpA-I) in human apoA-I transgenic (hA-I Tg) mice with that of lipid-free apoA-I (LFA-I) and small LpA-I. After injection, prebeta LpA-I were removed from plasma more rapidly than were LFA-I and small LpA-I. Prebeta LpA-I and LFA-I were preferentially degraded by kidney compared with liver; small LpA-I were preferentially degraded by the liver. Five minutes after tracer injection, 99% of LFA-I in plasma was found to be associated with medium-sized (8.6 nm) HDL, whereas only 37% of prebeta tracer remodeled to medium-sized HDL. Injection of prebeta LpA-I doses into C57Bl/6 recipients resulted in a slower plasma decay compared with hA-I Tg recipients and a greater proportion (>60%) of the prebeta radiolabel that was associated with medium-sized HDL. Prebeta LpA-I contained one to four molecules of phosphatidylcholine per molecule of apoA-I, whereas LFA-I contained less than one. We conclude that prebeta LpA-I has two metabolic fates in vivo, rapid removal from plasma and catabolism by kidney or remodeling to medium-sized HDL, which we hypothesize is determined by the amount of lipid associated with the prebeta particle and the particle's ability to bind to medium-sized HDL.
Living ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 2,3-difunctionalized 7-oxanorbornenes and 7-oxanorbornadienes by Mo(CHCMe2R)(NC6H3-iso-Pr2-2,6)(O-tert-Bu)2 and Mo(CHCMe2R)(NC6H3-iso-Pr2-2,6)(OCMe2CF3)2 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiving ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 2,3-difunctionalized 7-oxanorbornenes and 7-oxanorbornadienes by Mo(CHCMe2R)(NC6H3-iso-Pr2-2,6)(O-tert-Bu)2 and Mo(CHCMe2R)(NC6H3-iso-Pr2-2,6)(OCMe2CF3)2Guillermo C. Bazan, John H. Oskam, Hyun Nam Cho, Lee Y. Park, and Richard R. SchrockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 18, 6899–6907Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00018a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00018a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1711Altmetric-Citations274LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Polymeric Delivery Systems for Macromolecules (1982)

Methods for quantitating in vivo release kinetics and for designing constant-rate release systems for macromolecules are described. These systems are composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the incorporated drug. Approaches for directly quantitating in vivo release kinetics have been established using the polysaccharide, inulin. In vitro and in vivo release kinetics of inulin from the copolymer system were nearly identical. An approach for achieving zero-order release kinetics was tested by constructing matrices in the form of a hemisphere with all portions laminated with an impermeable coating except for a cavity in the center face. Zero-order release kinetics of bovine serum albumin were observed for 60 days.
Increased Tolerance to Photoinhibitory Light in Paraquat-Resistant Conyza bonariensis Measured by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and 14CO2-Fixation (1989)

Tolerance to photoinhibition was compared between a paraquat-resistant and a sensitive biotype of Conyza bonariensis (L.). Cronq. Photoinhibitory damage was measured as a decrease in oxygen evolution or energy storage using photoacoustic spectroscopy, or as a decrease of (14)CO(2)-fixation. Prior to exposure to high fluence rates, both biotypes had similar quantum yields of oxygen evolution and energy storage. After exposure to high intensity light, the resistant biotype continued to evolve oxygen and to store energy with a high quantum yield while both energy storage and oxygen evolution were severely reduced in the sensitive biotype. CO(2)-fixation was less rapidly inhibited in the resistant biotype compared to the sensitive one. The data show that the paraquat resistant biotype with its high constitutive levels of the chloroplast localized enzymes of the oxygen detoxification pathway, is also partially protected from photoinhibition. This supports the theory that an enhanced radical scavenging system can give temporary protection against photooxidative damage from a variety of sources.
Detection of Inconsistencies in Complex Product Configuration Data Using Extended Propositional SAT-Checking (2001)

We present our consistency support tool BIS, an extension to the electronic product data management system (EPDMS) used at DaimlerChrysler AG to configure the Mercedes lines of passenger cars and commercial vehicles. BIS allows ver-ification of certain integrity aspects of the product data as a whole. The underlying EPDMS maintains a data base of sales options and parts together with a set of logical constraints expressing valid configurations and their transformation into manufacturable products. Due to the complexity of the prod-ucts and the induced complexity of the constraints, mainte-nance of the data base is a nontrivial task and error-prone. By formalizing DaimlerChrysler’s order processing method and converting global consistency assertions about the product data base into formulae of an extended propositional logic, we are able to employ a satisfiability checker integrated into BIS to detect inconsistencies, and thus increase the quality of the product data.
Construction of an automated fiber pigtailing machine (1996)

At present, the high cost of optoelectronic (OE) devices is caused in part by the labor-intensive processes involved with packaging. Automating the packaging processes should result in a significant cost reduction. One of the most labor-intensive steps is aligning and attaching the fiber to the OE device, the so-called pigtailing process. Therefore, the goal of this 2-year ARPA-funded project is to design and build 3 low-cost machines to perform sub-micron alignments and attachments of single-mode fibers to different OE devices. These Automated Fiber Pigtailing Machines (AFPMS) are intended to be compatible with a manufacturing environment and have a modular design for standardization of parts and machine vision for maximum flexibility. This work is a collaboration among Uniphase Telecommunications Products (formerly United Technologies Photonics, UTP), Ortel, Newport/Klinger, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Manufacturing Institute (MIT), and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). UTP and Ortel are the industrial partners for whom two of the AFPMs are being built. MIT and LLNL make up the design and assembly team of the project, while Newport/Klinger is a potential manufacturer of the AFPM and provides guidance to ensure that the design of the AFPM is marketable and compatible with a manufacturing environment. The AFPM for UTP will pigtail LiNbO{sub 3} waveguide devices and the AFPM for Ortel will pigtail photodiodes. Both of these machines will contain proprietary information, so the third AFPM, to reside at LLNL, will pigtail a non-proprietary waveguide device for demonstrations to US industry.
Intein‐mediated protein ligation: Harnessing nature's escape artists (1999)

Inteins are naturally occurring proteins that are involved in the precise cleavage and formation of peptide bonds in a process known as protein splicing. Genetic engineering has allowed the controllable cleavage of peptide bonds at either the N- or C-terminus of the intein. Inteins displaying controllable cleavage have been used in the isolation of bacterially expressed proteins possessing either a C-terminal thioester or an N-terminal cysteine. The specific placement of these reactive groups has allowed either protein-protein or protein-peptide condensation through a native peptide bond. This review describes the methods used to specifically generate these reactive groups on bacterially expressed proteins and some applications of this technique, known as intein-mediated protein ligation. Furthermore, a versatile two intein (TWIN) system will be described which enables the circularization and polymerization of bacterially expressed proteins or peptides.
Emission of nanoparticles during ultrashort laser irradiation of silicon targets (2004)

We have experimentally observed that nanoparticles emission is a peculiar feature of matter removal during ultrashort (fs) laser pulse irradiation of silicon followed by vacuum expansion. Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy has been used to characterize the plume expansion dynamics, while atomic force microscopy analysis of silicon nanoparticles deposited after 100 fs laser ablation has shown an average particle size of ≈ 7 nm, with a pretty narrow size distribution. This is in agreement with the predictions of recent theoretical models on the mechanisms underlying ablation of solids in this ultrashort temporal regime. Finally, a phenomenological model of nanoparticles cooling during their vacuum expansion has allowed us to single out radiative cooling as the most effective cooling mechanism in the late stage of plume expansion.
Dramatic synergistic anticancer effect of clinically achievable doses of lovastatin and troglitazone (2005)

Lovastatin (an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) and troglitazone (a PPAR-gamma agonist) have been intensively studied prospectively for their application in cancer treatment. However, clinical trials of lovastatin or troglitazone in cancer treatment resulted in only limited responses. To improve their efficacy, lovastatin and troglitazone have, respectively, been tried to combine with other anticancer agents with varied outcomes. In our study, we found a dramatic synergism between lovastatin and troglitazone in anticancer at clinically achievable concentrations. This synergism was found in far majority of cell lines tested including DBTRG 05 MG (glioblastoma) and CL1-0 (lung). This amazing synergism was accompanied by synergistic modulation of E2F-1 and p27(Kip1), which were reported to mediate the anticancer activities of lovastatin and troglitazone, respectively, and other cell cycle regulating proteins such as CDK2, cyclin A and RB phosphorylation status. With this dramatic combination effect of lovastatin and troglitazone, a promising regimen of cancer therapy may be materialized in the future.
Flexible protein–ligand docking by global energy optimization in internal coordinates (1997)

Eight protein-ligand complexes were simulated by using global optimization of a complex energy function, including solvation, surface tension, and side-chain entropy in the internal coordinate space of the flexible ligand and the receptor side chains [Abagyan, R.A., Totrov, M.M. J. Mol. Biol. 235: 983-1002, 1994]. The procedure uses two types of efficient random moves, a pseudobrownian positional move [Abagyan, R.A., Totrov, M.M., Kuznetsov, D.A. J. Comp. Chem. 15:488-506, 1994] and a Biased-Probability multitorsion move [Abagyan, R.A., Totrov, M.M. J. Mol. Biol. 235: 983-1002, 1994], each accompanied by full local energy minimization. The best docking solutions were further ranked according to the interaction energy, which included intramolecular deformation energies of both receptor and ligand, the interaction energy, surface tension, side-chain entropic contribution, and an electrostatic term evaluated as a boundary element solution of the Poisson equation with the molecular surface as a dielectric boundary. The geometrical accuracy of the docking solutions ranged from 30% to 70% according to the relative displacement error measure at a 1.5 A scale. Similar results were obtained when the explicit receptor atoms were replaced with a grid potential.
Molecular characteristics of HGF-SF and its role in cell motility and invasion. (1993)

Scatter factor (SF), a secretory protein of fibroblasts, dissociates and increases the motility of epithelial cells and may be involved in cell migration processes during embryogenesis and tumor progression. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent mitogen for hepatocytes and other cells, and is thought to play a role in liver regeneration. We have presented structural and functional evidence that human SF and human HGF are identical proteins encoded by a single gene, since (i) no differences could be found by protein sequencing, by cDNA analysis, or by immunological comparison, and (ii) SF acts as a hepatocyte growth factor--i.e., stimulates DNA synthesis of primary hepatocytes and is a morphogen of kidney epithelial cells--whereas HGF exhibits SF activity--i.e., dissociates and induces invasiveness of various epithelial cells. Furthermore, there exists only one gene for human HGF-SF which is located on chromosome 7, bands q11.2-21 (Weidner et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 7001-7005, 1991). HGF-SF has been found to be the ligand of the c-met receptor tyrosine kinase (Naldini et al., EMBO J. 10, 2867-2878, 1991b). We have recently used transient expression of naturally occurring and in vitro mutagenized cDNAs of HGF-SF in order to delineate the protein domains necessary for biological activity and c-met receptor activation. (i) A single-chain HGF-SF resulting from the destruction of the protease cleavage site between heavy and light chain (Arg494 to Gln) was largely inactive, indicating that proteolytic cleavage is essential for acquisition of the biologically active conformation. (ii) A HGF-SF splice variant encoding a protein with a 5 amino acid deletion in the first kringle domain was as highly active as the wild type molecule. (iii) The separately expressed light chain (with serine protease homology) was inactive in all assays tested. (iv) The separate heavy chain as well as a naturally occurring splice variant consisting of the N-terminus and the first two kringle domains bound the met receptor, stimulated its tyrosine phosphorylation, and induced dissociation of epithelial cells but not mitogenesis. These data indicate that a functional domain in the N-terminal region and/or the first two kringle domains of HGF-SF is sufficient for binding to and activation of the met receptor (Hartmann et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press).
Lentiviral Vector Mediated Thymidine Kinase Expression in Pluripotent Stem Cells Enables Removal of Tumorigenic Cells (2013)

Embryonic stem cells (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells represent promising tools for cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, implantation of ES cell derived differentiated cells holds the risk of teratoma formation due to residual undifferentiated cells. In order to tackle this problem, we used pluripotent stem cells consisting of ES and iPS cells of mouse genetically modified by lentiviral vectors (LVs) carrying herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) under the control of different promoters of pluripotency genes. Cells expressing TK in turn are eliminated upon administration of the prodrug ganciclovir (GCV). Our aim was to study the conditions required for a safe mechanism to clear residual undifferentiated cells but using low MOIs of lentiviruses to reduce the risk of insertional mutagenesis. Our in vitro data demonstrated that TK expression in pluripotent stem cells upon treatment with GCV led to elimination of undifferentiated cells. However, introduction of hygromycin resistance in the LV transduced ES cells followed by pre-selection with hygromycin and GCV treatment was required to abolish undifferentiated cells. Most importantly, transplantation of pre-selected ES cells that had been transduced with low MOI LV in mice resulted in no teratoma development after GCV treatment in vivo. Taken together, our data show that pre-selection of ES cells prior to in vivo application is necessary if vector integration events are minimized. The study presented here gives rise to safer use of pluripotent stem cells as promising cell sources in regenerative medicine in the future.
Haemolytic anaemia after cisplatin treatment. (1981)

Normochromic or normocytic anaemia is a common side effect of treatment with cisplatin. Two patients treated with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 in combination with vinblastine, bleomycin, and actinomycin D developed haemolytic anaemia. Neither patient had evidence of haemolysis before treatment, and in both cases severe haemolytic anaemia developed after several courses of cisplatin and when the cancer had regressed almost completely. The importance of haemolysis in the development of anaemia after cisplatin treatment has not been investigated fully and further studies are needed.
State of the art in diode pumped Raman amplifiers (2001)

Recent development on diode pumped Raman amplifiers are reviewed. Design issues of multi-wavelength pumping scheme, which enables to obtain a broadband, flat and high gain by using diode lasers, are presented with simulation and experimental results. Polarization dependence of Raman gain, which is caused by a linearly polarized pump such as a diode laser, is also discussed.
The description of cough sounds by healthcare professionals (2006)

These results suggest that healthcare professionals can recognise some of the qualities of cough sounds but are poor at making diagnoses from them. It remains to be seen whether in the future cough sound acoustics will provide useful clinical information and whether their study will lead to the development of useful new outcome measures in cough monitoring.
Adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma cells from blood and skin tumors express cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 and Foxp3 but lack suppressor activity toward autologous CD8+ T cells (2007)

Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cells share the CD4(+)CD25(+) phenotype with regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, it is still controversial whether ATL cells are Treg cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the Treg nature of ATL cells obtained from peripheral blood and skin tumors in terms of their phenotype and function. By flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, the expression of the Treg-associated molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 and Foxp3 was examined in freshly isolated circulating and skin-infiltrating tumor cells from 21 ATL patients with skin eruptions. The expression of CTLA-4 on freshly isolated circulating tumor cells was elevated in two of 15 patients, and Foxp3 was expressed intracytoplasmically at high levels in three of nine patients. In five of the patients examined, skin-infiltrating tumor cells bore variously elevated CTLA-4 with high Foxp3 expression. The potentiality of ATL cells as Treg cells was further addressed by stimulating ATL cells with anti-CD3/CD28 monoclonal antibodies and monitoring CTLA-4 expression. With the stimulation, even CTLA-4-low ATL cells expressed higher levels of CTLA-4 than normal CD4(+)CD25(+) cells. To study function, ATL cells isolated from blood and skin tumors were tested for their ability to suppress the proliferation of autologous CD8(+) T cells stimulated with allogeneic lymphocytes. Despite the expression of CTLA-4 and Foxp3, these tumors were incapable of suppressing the proliferation of autologous CD8(+) T cells. ATL cells are phenotypically Treg cells in at least some patients, but lack immunoregulatory functions, at least toward CD8(+) T cells.
Signal mappings of 8-ary constellations for BICM-ID systems over a Rayleigh fading channel (2004)

It has been known that in bit-interleaved coded-modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID), signal constellation and mapping have a strong influence on the system's error performance. This paper presents good mappings of various 8-ary constellations for BICM-ID systems operating over a frequency nonselective block Rayleigh fading channel. Simulation results for the error performance of different constellations/mappings are also provided and discussed.
The Effect of Tablet Formulation and Hardness on in Vitro Release of Cephalexin from Eudragit L100 Based Extended Release Tablets. (2002)

Eighteen batches of cephalexin extended release tablet were prepared by wet granulation method by using Eudragit L100. The effect of the concentration of Eudragit L100, microcrystalline cellulose and tablet hardness on cephalexin release was studied. The formulated tablets were also characterized for physical and chemical parameters. The dissolution results showed that a higher amount of Eudragit in tablet composition and higher tablet hardness resulted in reduced drug release. An increased amount of microcrystalline cellulose in tablet composition resulted in enhanced drug release. Tablet composition of 13.3% w/w Eudragit L100 and 6.6 to 8% w/w microcrystalline cellulose with hardness of 7-11 kg/cm2 gave predicted release for 6 h. The in vitro release was compared with a marketed tablet. Physical and chemical parameters of all formulated tablets were within acceptable limits. The effect of storage on in vitro release and physicochemical parameters of tablets was evaluated and two batches among formulated eighteen batches found to be in acceptable limits.