gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The carotenoid content of photosystem 1-pigment-protein complexes of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus (1989)

Detection de huit carotenoides dans les membranes des thylakoides de Synechococcus elongatus, une cyanobacterie thermophile. Analyse en HPLC des differentes formes de complexes PS1-pigment-proteine obtenus par solubilisation des membranes dans le Triton X-100 et separes par electrophorese sur gel de polyacrylamide
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, delayed start study to assess rasagiline as a disease modifying therapy in Parkinson's disease (the ADAGIO study): Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics (2008)

A neuroprotective therapy is the single most important unmet medical need in Parkinson's disease. Several promising agents in the laboratory have been tested in the clinic, but none has been established in clinical trials to have a disease modifying effect despite positive results because of potential confounding symptomatic or pharmacologic effects. The delayed start design was developed to try to avoid a symptomatic confound when testing a putative neuroprotective therapy. In this study design, patients are randomly assigned to study drug or placebo in the first phase of the study, and both groups receive the active drug in the second phase. If benefits seen at the end of phase I persist through the end of phase II, they cannot be readily explained by a symptomatic effect (as patients in both groups are receiving the same medication) and benefits in the early start group must relate to the early initiation of the treatment. Although the precise mechanism responsible for such an effect can be debated, positive results in a delayed start study indicate that patients who receive early treatment have a better outcome than those where the treatment is delayed. We are using the delayed start design to assess the potential disease modifying effects of rasagiline in a prospective double blind controlled trial (the ADAGIO study). We here describe the rationale for the study and baseline characteristics of the 1,176 patients who have been enrolled into the trial.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Method for the Preparation of Peptoids (Oligo(N‐substituted glycines)) by Submonomer Solid‐Phase Synthesis. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Blockers of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases (2007)

Voltage gated sodium channels play important roles both in vital physiological functions and several pathological processes of the central nervous system. Epilepsy, chronic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and spasticity are all characterized by an over-excited state of specific groups of central neurons that is accompanied by an abnormally increased activity of sodium channels. An efficient strategy of controlling such diseases is to use blockers that preferentially act on these over-excited cells. State dependently acting agents, such as phenytoin, or lamotrigine, leave normal physiological functions relatively intact, resulting in a favorable therapeutic window. Nine isoforms of the channel forming alpha subunit are known, which show distinct expression patterns in different tissues. Another possible way to decrease the chance of adverse effects is to develop agents selectively inhibiting the channel subtype involved in the pathomechanism of the disease to be treated. Many recent patents claim sodium channel blockers with improved characteristics regarding state dependency or subtype selectivity. Such agents may offer a breakthrough in the treatment of a variety of central nervous system diseases. This review focuses on the current trends in sodium channel research, surveying the traditional and newly emerging therapeutic fields, and the diverse medicinal chemistry of sodium channel blockers.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein represses gene expression through the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors. (1994)

The human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) oncoprotein Tax is a potent activator of viral and cellular gene transcription. Tax does not bind DNA directly but utilizes cellular transcription factors to mediate activation. In this report, we examine the role of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins in Tax deregulation of gene expression, as these proteins play a critical role in progression through the cell cycle and have been implicated in neoplastic disease. We show that the bHLH proteins do not mediate activation, but instead mediate repression of gene expression in the presence of Tax. We further show that a consensus bHLH binding site in the promoter of the beta-polymerase gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in DNA repair, mediates the previously reported repression of beta-polymerase gene expression by Tax. Together, these results suggest that Tax may induce malignant transformation, at least in part, through bHLH-mediated repression of key cellular regulatory genes.
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 4 Channel Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2008)

Although TRPV4 represents an ideal molecular trigger for ciliary modulation, absent expression of the channel in ciliated cells precludes this function. However, altered expression of the channel in CRS and presumed expression of TRPV4 in secretory cells of the mucosa indicate a potential role in mucus homeostasis and CRS pathogenesis.
A Live Human Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus Vaccine Is Attenuated and Immunogenic in Healthy Infants and Children (1995)

The safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and phenotypic stability of the cold-passaged (cp) candidate vaccine cp-45, a cold-adapted (ca), temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of the JS strain of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3), was evaluated in 114 children 6 months to 10 years old in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. The cp-45 vaccine was well tolerated when given intranasally to parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3)-seropositive and -seronegative children. With 10(4) or 10(5) TCID50 of cp-45 vaccine, 86% of seronegative vaccines were infected, 83% of whom shed virus at a mean peak titer of 10(22) pfu/mL. Virus present in respiratory specimens retained the ts phenotype, and each of 86 PIV-3 isolates tested retained both the ca and ts phenotypes. One dose of 10(5) TCID50 of vaccine induced a serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody response in 81% of vaccinees; the geometric mean titer was 1:32. These studies indicate that the cp-45 HPIV-3 vaccine is satisfactorily attenuated, infectious, immunogenic, and phenotypically stable and merits further evaluation in infants and young children.
Query Processing, Resource Management, and Approximation ina Data Stream Management System (2002)

This paper describes our ongoing work developing the Stanford Stream Data Manager (STREAM), a system for executing continuous queries over multiple continuous data streams. The STREAM system supports a declarative query language, and it copes with high data rates and query workloads by providing approximate answers when resources are limited. This paper describes specific contributions made so far and enumerates our next steps in developing a general-purpose Data Stream Management System.
Cloning and hyperexpression of a gene encoding the heat-stable toxin of Escherichia coli (1989)

A gene (st) coding for heat-stable toxin (STh) was identified from a plasmid of a locally isolated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain. The gene was cloned and its nucleotide (nt) sequence was determined. Comparison of this nt sequence with that of another st gene reported earlier, showed a single nt substitution within the structural gene for ST. This change resulted in the replacement of proline at position 19 by alanine in the STh of the locally isolated strain. The st gene was hyperexpressed using the phage T7 or the tac promoter vector systems. A 20-fold increase in STh yield was obtained in minimal medium culture supernatants following induction of the T7 promoter. There was no significant accumulation of the precursor peptide within the periplasm of the induced cell, indicating efficient processing under conditions of enhanced transcription of the gene. The yield of STh was monitored using a competitive ELISA, which was found to be a simple and sensitive assay for determining STh concentrations. A rapid and efficient isolation procedure for STh has been developed.
Binding and Internalization of Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factors by Isolated Brain Microvessels (1986)

Isolated brain capillaries were used as a model system to test for binding and internalization of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II. At 37 degrees C, the maximum specific binding of the 125I-labeled peptides was 48.0 +/- 0.8%/mg capillary protein for IGF I, 40.6 +/- 1.4% for IGF II, and 15.1 +/- 0.6% for insulin. The concentration of unlabeled peptide needed to cause a 50% decrease in the maximum binding (ID50) was 22 ng/ml (2.9 nM), 25 ng/ml (3.3 nM), and 7 ng/ml (1.2 nM) for IGF I, IGF II, and insulin, respectively. Unlabeled insulin competed poorly for the IGF I receptor, requiring 5000 ng/ml (667 nM) to cause a 50% reduction in binding, and did not compete at all for the IGF II receptor at concentrations up to 10(5) ng/ml (17.8 microM). The IGF I receptor was further characterized by reduced polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the disuccinimidyl suberate cross-linked 125I-labeled IGF I receptor. The gel showed a distinct band at 133,000 Mr that was abolished by 0.6 microgram/ml (80 nM) unlabeled IGF I but not by 10.0 micrograms/ml (1780 nM) unlabeled insulin. Peptide internalization was monitored by the acidwash technique. Only 22% of the bound IGF I was internalized, but 50% of the insulin and 43% of the IGF II were acid resistant. Capillaries prelabeled with internalized 125I-insulin could then export radioactivity into fresh, insulin-free media in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. However, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) analysis of the released material showed that it consisted mostly of degraded peptide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
T cell recognition of stress proteins. A link between infectious and autoimmune disease. (1990)

Exposure of any living cell to a change in environmental conditions such as increased growth temperature results in the induction of stress, or "heat shock", proteins. Proteins identified in such experiments have subsequently been shown to be ubiquitous components of all cells and to perform essential functions during normal cell growth in addition to their role during stress. It has recently been recognized that members of stress protein families play an important role in the immune response to a wide variety of infections, and the highly conserved nature of such proteins has led to the suggestion that they may also be immune targets in autoreactive responses. In this article we review the role of stress proteins in the immune response to infection and discuss the evidence which suggests that lymphocytes recognizing conserved determinants on such antigens may be associated with autoimmune diseases.
Probing mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in living animals (2006)

Changes in O-linked protein glycosylation are known to correlate with disease states but are difficult to monitor in a physiological setting because of a lack of experimental tools. Here, we report a technique for rapid profiling of O-linked glycoproteins in living animals by metabolic labeling with N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz) followed by Staudinger ligation with phosphine probes. After injection of mice with a peracetylated form of GalNAz, azide-labeled glycoproteins were observed in a variety of tissues, including liver, kidney, and heart, in serum, and on isolated splenocytes. B cell glycoproteins were robustly labeled with GalNAz but T cell glycoproteins were not, suggesting fundamental differences in glycosylation machinery or metabolism. Furthermore, GalNAz-labeled B cells could be selectively targeted with a phosphine probe by Staudinger ligation within the living animal. Metabolic labeling with GalNAz followed by Staudinger ligation provides a means for proteomic analysis of this posttranslational modification and for identifying O-linked glycoprotein fingerprints associated with disease.
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency: report of a case and review of the literature. (1996)

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare inherited immunodeficiency that is characterized by deficiency of the beta 2 integrin leukocyte adhesion molecules Mac-1, LFA-1, and p150,95. We describe a case of the severe form of LAD in an infant with recurrent infections and with a complete deficiency of beta 2 integrin molecules, and review the clinical aspects of the syndrome.
Apoptosis of human hematopoietic progenitor cells induced by crosslinking of surface CD43, the major sialoglycoprotein of leukocytes (1995)

Interactions of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) with bone marrow stroma, mediated by adhesion molecules, are assumed to be critically important to the regulation of hematopoiesis. However, the specific roles of individual adhesion molecules involved in these interactions are poorly understood. Here, a monoclonal antibody, MEM-59, recognizing CD43, an adhesion molecule highly expressed on HPC, is shown to induce apoptosis in this cell population. This process operates at the single-cell level, and its initiation requires crosslinking of surface CD43 and the presence of cytokines. In contrast to HPC, more differentiated cells originating from this primitive cell population, as well as peripheral lymphocytes, do not undergo apoptosis in response to the CD43-mediated stimulation. Thus, CD43 may function as a negative regulator of early hematopoietic events, delivering a signal for apoptosis of HPC.
Treatment of experimentally induced transient cerebral ischemia with low energy laser inhibits nitric oxide synthase activity and up‐regulates the expression of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (2002)

Low energy laser could suppress the activity of NOS and up-regulate the expression of TGF-beta1 after stroke in rats.
Boosted Decision Tree Analysis of Surface-enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectral Serum Profiles Discriminates Prostate Cancer from Noncancer Patients (2002)

The high sensitivity and specificity achieved in this study provides support of the potential for SELDI, coupled with a bioinformatics learning algorithm, to improve the early detection/diagnosis of PCA.
Constitutive and Regulated Expression of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) PreS2+S Protein in Recombinant Yeast (1991)

Recombinant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressing the PreS2+S envelope protein of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), were constructed using either the constitutive glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP) promoter or the regulated galactose-1 phosphate uridyltransferase (GAL10) promoter. These strains were compared by determining not only the yield of PreS2+S antigen but also the retention of the plasmid during growth and expression. When the GAP system was examined, the expression of PreS2+S was high, but plasmid levels decreased significantly during growth. For the GAL10 system, the expression of the PreS2+S was significantly lower, but the plasmid copy number remained high. Much higher expression levels (comparable to those obtained for GAP promoter) were achieved with the GAL10 promoter when PreS2+S was expressed in a host strain containing a chromosomally integrated expression cassette comprised of the GAL10 promoter fused to the GAL4 positive regulatory gene, and the plasmid level remained high.
Altered Peptidase Activities in Thyroid Neoplasia and Hyperplasia (2013)

These data suggest the involvement of DPPIV/CD26 and some cytosolic peptidases in the neoplastic development of PTC and FTA. Further studies will help to define the possible clinical usefulness of AlaAP and AspAP in the diagnosis/prognosis of thyroid neoplasms.
The Social Amoebae (2008)

Noted biologist and author John Tyler Bonner has experimented with cellular slime molds for more than sixty years, and he has done more than anyone else to raise these peculiar collections of amoebae from a minor biological curiosity to a major model organism--one that is widely studied for clues to the development and evolution of all living things. Now, five decades after he published his first pioneering book on cellular slime molds, Bonner steps back from the proliferating and increasingly specialized knowledge about the organism to provide a broad, nontechnical picture of its whole biology, including its evolution, sociobiology, ecology, behavior, and development. The Social Amoebae draws the big lessons from decades of research, and shows how slime molds fit into and illuminate biology as a whole. Slime molds are very different from other organisms; they feed as individual amoebae before coming together to form a multicellular organism that has a remarkable ability to move and orient itself in its environment. Furthermore, these social amoebae display a sophisticated division of labor; within each organism, some cells form the stalk and others become the spores that will seed the next generation. In The Social Amoebae , Bonner examines all these parts together, giving a balanced, concise, and clear overview of slime mold biology, from molecules to cells to multicells, as he advances some unconventional and unexpected insights.
Monitoring the function of membrane transport proteins in detergent-solubilized form (2007)

Transport proteins constitute approximately 10% of most proteomes and play vital roles in the translocation of solutes across membranes of all organisms. Their (dys)function is implicated in many disorders, making them frequent targets for pharmacotherapy. The identification of substrates for members of this large protein family, still replete with many orphans of unknown function, has proven difficult, in part because high-throughput screening is greatly complicated by endogenous transporters present in many expression systems. In addition, direct structural studies require that transporters be extracted from the membrane with detergent, thereby precluding transport measurements because of the lack of a vectorial environment and necessitating reconstitution into proteoliposomes for activity measurements. Here, we describe a direct scintillation proximity-based radioligand-binding assay for determining transport protein function in crude cell extracts and in purified form. This rapid and universally applicable assay with advantages over cell-based platforms will greatly facilitate the identification of substrates for many orphan transporters and allows monitoring the function of transport proteins in a nonmembranous environment.
Electrostatically tunable optomechanical “zipper” cavity laser (2010)

A tunable nanoscale “zipper” laser cavity, formed from two doubly clamped photonic crystal nanobeams, is demonstrated. Pulsed, room temperature, optically pumped lasing action at λ=1.3 μm is observed for cavities formed in a thin membrane containing InAsP/GaInAsP quantum-wells. Metal electrodes are deposited on the ends of the nanobeams to allow for microelectromechanical actuation. Electrostatic tuning over a range of Δλ=20 nm for an applied voltage amplitude of 9 V and modulation at a frequency as high as νm=6.7 MHz of the laser wavelength is demonstrated.
Facile Synthesis and High Anode Performance of Carbon Fiber-Interwoven Amorphous Nano-SiOx/Graphene for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2013)

We present the first report on carbon fiber-interwoven amorphous nano-SiOx/graphene prepared by a simple and facile room temperature synthesis of amorphous SiOx nanoparticles using silica, followed by their homogeneous dispersion with graphene nanosheets and carbon fibers in room temperature aqueous solution. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic imaging reveal that amorphous SiOx primary nanoparticles are 20-30 nm in diameter and carbon fibers are interwoven throughout the secondary particles of 200-300 nm, connecting SiOx nanoparticles and graphene nanosheets. Carbon fiber-interwoven nano-SiO0.37/graphene electrode exhibits impressive cycling performance and rate-capability up to 5C when evaluated as a rechargeable lithium battery anode, delivering discharge capacities of 1579-1263 mAhg(-1) at the C/5 rate with capacity retention of 80% and Coulombic efficiencies of 99% over 50 cycles, and nearly sustained microstructure. The cycling performance is attributed to synergetic effects of amorphous nano-SiOx, strain-tolerant robust microstructure with maintained particle connectivity and enhanced electrical conductivity.
Diagnostic value of biochemical markers (NashTest) for the prediction of non alcoholo steato hepatitis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2006)

In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NashTest, a simple and non-invasive biomarker reliably predicts the presence or absence of NASH.
Boron-nitrogen polymer precursors. Synthesis, structure, and stereochemistry of N-boryl derivatives of the 1,3,2-diazaboracyclohexane ring system (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoron-nitrogen polymer precursors. Synthesis, structure, and stereochemistry of N-boryl derivatives of the 1,3,2-diazaboracyclohexane ring systemS. Yvette Shaw, Donn A. DuBois, William H. Watson, and Robert H. NeilsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 6, 974–976Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00279a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00279a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts