gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leaky splicing mutation in the acid maltase gene is associated with delayed onset of glycogenosis type II. (1995)

An autosomal recessive deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), type II glycogenosis, is genetically and clinically heterogeneous. The discovery of an enzyme-inactivating genomic deletion of exon 18 in three unrelated genetic compound patients--two infants and an adult--provided a rare opportunity to analyze the effect of the second mutation in patients who displayed dramatically different phenotypes. A deletion of Lys-903 in one patient and a substitution of Arg for Leu-299 in another resulted in the fatal infantile form. In the adult, a T-to-G base change at position -13 of intron 1 resulted in alternatively spliced transcripts with deletion of exon 2, the location of the start codon. The low level of active enzyme (12% of normal) generated from the leakage of normally spliced mRNA sustained the patient to adult life.
Oral and non‐oral sensorimotor interventions enhance oral feeding performance in preterm infants (2011)

Oral and T/K interventions accelerated the transition from introduction to independent oral feeding and enhanced oral feeding skills. T/K has beneficial effects beyond the specific targeted system. The combined sensorimotor intervention led to an additive/synergistic effect for proficiency, further benefiting this population.
Communicating for research: Using an individualized approach within total communication for interviewing people with intellectual disabilities (2000)

The present paper reports on an innovative approach inresearch to communicating with people with intellectual disabilities, stressing the importance of participative methodologies. A model for an individualized approach to communication in outcome and quality of life interviews with people with intellectual disabilities is outlined which was developed in collaboration with Somerset Total Communication and local speech therapists. The product is a flexible communication strategy for involving service users in interviews, using core, local and individual vocabularies. Using symbols, photographs and signing to supplement spoken English, and covering the domains of outcome measurement, it was found that greater inclusion and participation was facilitated than at Five Years On,and that informed consent to participation in research was more meaningfully ascertained. The paper describes the broad experience of developing an individualized approach to communication in research, describes the process employed and identifies the wider operational and practice lessons for research from this initiative.
Photon‐counting CT for simultaneous imaging of multiple contrast agents in the abdomen: An in vivo study (2017)

Photon-counting spectral CT allowed simultaneous material decomposition of multiple contrast agents in vivo. Besides defining contrast agent concentrations, tissue enhancement at multiple phases was observed in a single CT acquisition, potentially obviating the need for multiphase CT scans and thus reducing radiation dose.
Highly-multiplexed barcode sequencing: an efficient method for parallel analysis of pooled samples (2010)

Next-generation sequencing has proven an extremely effective technology for molecular counting applications where the number of sequence reads provides a digital readout for RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, Tn-seq and other applications. The extremely large number of sequence reads that can be obtained per run permits the analysis of increasingly complex samples. For lower complexity samples, however, a point of diminishing returns is reached when the number of counts per sequence results in oversampling with no increase in data quality. A solution to making next-generation sequencing as efficient and affordable as possible involves assaying multiple samples in a single run. Here, we report the successful 96-plexing of complex pools of DNA barcoded yeast mutants and show that such 'Bar-seq' assessment of these samples is comparable with data provided by barcode microarrays, the current benchmark for this application. The cost reduction and increased throughput permitted by highly multiplexed sequencing will greatly expand the scope of chemogenomics assays and, equally importantly, the approach is suitable for other sequence counting applications that could benefit from massive parallelization.
Techniques for Lightweight Concealment and Authentication in IP Networks (2002)

Humans group components of visual patterns according to their colour, and perceive colours separately from shape. This property of human visual perception is the basis behind the Ishihara test for colour deficiency, where an observer is asked to detect a pattern made up of dots of similar colour with variable lightness against a background of dots made from different colour(s) and lightness. To find out if fish use colour for object segregation in a similar manner to humans, we used stimuli inspired by the Ishihara test. Triggerfish (<i>Rhinecanthus aculeatus</i>) were trained to detect a cross constructed from similarly coloured dots against various backgrounds. Fish detected this cross even when it was camouflaged using either achromatic or chromatic noise, but fish relied more on chromatic cues for shape segregation. It remains unknown whether fish may switch to rely primarily on achromatic cues in scenarios where target objects have higher achromatic contrast and lower chromatic contrast. Fish were also able to generalize between stimuli of different colours, suggesting that colour and shape are processed by fish independently.
A Model-Based Approach to the Teletype Printing of Chemical Structures (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Model-Based Approach to the Teletype Printing of Chemical StructuresRaymond E. CarhartCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1976, 16, 2, 82–88Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci60006a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ci60006a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Comparison of DNA and Karyotype Aneuploidy in Malignant Lymphomas (1990)

Tumors from 48 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were examined for flow cytometric DNA ploidy and chromosome constitution to determine the degree of concordance of these two methods. Histologically, there were 24 low-grade, 19 intermediate, and 5 high-grade lymphomas. Flow cytometry revealed an aneuploid cell population in 19% of the cases. The mean DNA index of the aneuploid tumors was 1.58 +/- 0.71. The frequency of DNA aneuploidy was only slightly higher (23%) in intermediate than in low-grade lymphomas (17%). None of the five high-grade lymphomas showed DNA aneuploidy. The chromosome study was successful in 81% of cases (39 of 48), and clonal chromosome abnormalities were observed in 92% of these (36 of 39). In most of the chromosomally abnormal clones the chromosome number was in the diploid range. Most tumors with pseudodiploid (46 chromosomes), hypodiploid (45-44 chromosomes), or hyperdiploid (47-49 chromosomes) clones were DNA diploid by flow cytometry. On the other hand, all specimens with a chromosome number exceeding 50 were DNA aneuploid by flow cytometry. Therefore, flow cytometric DNA analysis appears to be a rather coarse method that will detect aneuploidy only when there is a major increase in chromosome material.
Multimodality imaging of tumor xenografts and metastases in mice with combined small-animal PET, small-animal CT, and bioluminescence imaging. (2007)

The combination of 18F-FHBG PET, small-animal CT, and BLI allows a sensitive and improved quantification of tumor burden in mice. This technique is potentially useful for the study of the biologic determinants of metastasis and for the evaluation of novel cancer treatments.
Biglycan and Decorin Bind Close to the N-terminal Region of the Collagen VI Triple Helix (2001)

The binding of native biglycan and decorin to pepsin-extracted collagen VI from human placenta was examined by solid phase assay and by measurement of surface plasmon resonance in the BIAcore(TM)2000 system. Both proteoglycans exhibited a strong affinity for collagen VI with dissociation constants (K(D)) of approximately 30 nm. Removal of the glycosaminoglycan chains by chondroitinase ABC digestion did not significantly affect binding. In coprecipitation experiments, biglycan and decorin bound to collagen VI and equally competed with the other, suggesting that biglycan and decorin bind to the same binding site on collagen VI. This was confirmed by electron microscopy after negative staining of complexes between gold-labeled proteoglycans and collagen VI, demonstrating that both biglycan and decorin bound exclusively to a domain close to the interface between the N terminus of the triple helical region and the following globular domain. In solid phase assay using recombinant collagen VI fragments, it was shown that the alpha2(VI) chain probably plays a role in the interaction.
IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (1998)

This specification defines the addressing architecture of the IP Version 6 protocol [IPV6].The document includes the IPv6 addressing model, text representations of IPv6 addresses, definition of IPv6 unicast addresses, anycast addresses, and multicast addresses, and an IPv6 node's required addresses.
Stimulatory Effect of Immobilized Glycans on Macrophages in Vitro (1984)

Mouse macrophages were cultured on chemically modified plastic dishes. On dishes covered with immobilized glycans, the macrophages were stimulated as judged by increased 14C-glucosamine incorporation, increased cytostatic and cytolytic capacities and by morphology as seen by scanning electron microscopy. The corresponding soluble glycans did not have the capacity to stimulate macrophages as measured by these criteria. Plastic surfaces covered with polyethylenimine showed stimulation of the macrophages with regard to some of the parameters measured. These results may indicate that the stimulation is a multistep process and that, contrary to earlier findings, it is not a prerequisite for stimulation that the glycan be intracellular. The results support the idea that a fixed steric arrangement of glycans is necessary for the stimulation of macrophages in vitro.
Self-Regulated Phase Transfer of Cu2O/bpy, Cu(0)/bpy, and Cu2O/Cu(0)/bpy Catalyzed “Living” Radical Polymerization Initiated with Sulfonyl Chlorides (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorSelf-Regulated Phase Transfer of Cu2O/bpy, Cu(0)/bpy, and Cu2O/Cu(0)/bpy Catalyzed "Living" Radical Polymerization Initiated with Sulfonyl Chlorides†V. Percec, B. Barboiu, and M. van der SluisView Author Information The W. M. Keck Laboratories for Organic Synthesis, Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202 Cite this: Macromolecules 1998, 31, 12, 4053–4056Publication Date (Web):May 23, 1998Publication History Received24 February 1998Revised15 April 1998Published online23 May 1998Published inissue 1 June 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma980286ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma980286grapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views702Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Catalysts,Halogens,Polymerization,Radical polymerization Get e-Alerts
A Procedure for Purifying Neuron-Like Cells in Cultures from Central Nervous Tissue with a Defined Medium (1979)

A serum-free medium (N1) containing the supplements insulin, transferrin, progesterone, putrescine and selenium was used to culture cells from a variety of embryonic chick central nervous system tissues, namely, optic lobe, neural retina, spinal cord and telencephalon. The N1 medium supported the survival of fiber-bearing cells (features typical of cultured neurons) as well as or better than horse serum, while permitting no, or almost no flat cells. Survival and growth of chick flat cells required fetal calf, but not horse serum. Cultivation of newborn mouse telencephalon under these conditions yielded similar results, except that either fetal calf or horse serum supported flat cells.
Effect of conformational propensity of peptide antigens in their interaction with MHC class II molecules. Failure to document the importance of regular secondary structures. (1989)

In an attempt to define some of the conformational requirements for binding of the antigenic peptide OVA 323-336 to purified IAd molecules, three distinct experimental approaches were applied. First, the effect of introducing proline or glycine residues within the region of OVA 323-336 crucial for its IAd binding capacity was analyzed. In most instances these substitutions had little or no effect, suggesting that neither alpha-helical nor beta-sheet regular structures may be strictly required for productive interaction with MHC molecules. Some of the same substitutions were also found to have no effect on the capacity of the peptide to stimulate OVA 323-336 specific T cell hybridomas, suggesting that regular structures such as alpha-helices or beta-sheets may not be strictly required for T cell stimulation, either. Second, we introduced, within the OVA 323-336 molecule, structural modifications predicted to alter its dipole characteristics and stabilize helical structures. No improvement of the IAd binding capacity was detected following these structural alterations. Surprisingly, some but not others of these analogs displayed increased antigenicity for OVA 323-336 specific T cell hybridomas. Third, a panel of analogs of OVA 323-336 were synthesized in which the crucial IAd binding core region was linked to non-native sequences of differing conformational propensities. When 22 such analogs were tested for IAd binding, it was found that these non-native sequences could drastically influence the binding capacity, but no correlation was found between their effect and their alpha-helical, beta-sheet, or beta-turn conformational propensity as calculated by the Chou and Fasman algorithm. In summary, all the data presented herein suggest that, at least in the case of OVA 323-336 and IAd, the propensity of the antigen molecule to form secondary structures such as alpha-helices, beta-sheets, or beta-turns does not correlate with its capacity to bind MHC molecules.
HMGB 1 facilitates repair of mitochondrial DNA damage and extends the lifespan of mutant ataxin‐1 knock‐in mice (2014)

Mutant ataxin-1 (Atxn1), which causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), binds to and impairs the function of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a crucial nuclear protein that regulates DNA architectural changes essential for DNA damage repair and transcription. In this study, we established that transgenic or virus vector-mediated complementation with HMGB1 ameliorates motor dysfunction and prolongs lifespan in mutant Atxn1 knock-in (Atxn1-KI) mice. We identified mitochondrial DNA damage repair by HMGB1 as a novel molecular basis for this effect, in addition to the mechanisms already associated with HMGB1 function, such as nuclear DNA damage repair and nuclear transcription. The dysfunction and the improvement of mitochondrial DNA damage repair functions are tightly associated with the exacerbation and rescue, respectively, of symptoms, supporting the involvement of mitochondrial DNA quality control by HMGB1 in SCA1 pathology. Moreover, we show that the rescue of Purkinje cell dendrites and dendritic spines by HMGB1 could be downstream effects. Although extracellular HMGB1 triggers inflammation mediated by Toll-like receptor and receptor for advanced glycation end products, upregulation of intracellular HMGB1 does not induce such side effects. Thus, viral delivery of HMGB1 is a candidate approach by which to modify the disease progression of SCA1 even after the onset.
Roflumilast inhibits leukocyte‐endothelial cell interactions, expression of adhesion molecules and microvascular permeability (2007)

These findings further support earlier observations on the inhibition of inflammatory cell influx and protein extravasation by roflumilast in vivo.
Predicting polymer/solvent diffusion coefficients using free‐volume theory (1992)

Abstract The Vrentas/Duda free‐volume diffusion model accurately correlates polymer/solvent diffusion coefficients over wide ranges of concentration and temperature. Currently the model is semipredictive: limited diffusion data are required to estimate model parameters that can then be used to predict diffusion coefficient behavior over sundry conditions. In this work, we present methods for estimating all of the model parameters without any diffusion data and examine the accuracy of the resulting diffusion coefficient predictions. This is the only technique known that predicts polymer/solvent diffusion behavior without any use of any diffusion data.
Genetic analysis of mutations causing borrelidin resistance by overproduction of threonyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase (1980)

Mutations leading to borrelidin resistance in Escherichia coli by overproduction of threonyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase were anaylzed genetically. The regulatory mutations were closely linked to the treonyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase structural gene (thrS), located clockwise to it. The mutation that causes the threefold-increased enzyme level was more distant from thrS than the mutation responsible for the ninefold overproduction. Both mutations were cis dominant in merodiploid strains, indicating that they affected promoter-operator-like control elements. Overproduction was restricted to threonyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase and was not observed for the products of genes neighboring thrS (e.g., infC, pheS, pheT, and argS), providing evidence that thrS is transcribed singly and that gene amplificationis not a likely basis for increased thrS experession.
Membrane Association and Contact Formation by a Synthetic Analogue of Polymyxin B and Its Fluorescent Derivatives (2006)

sP-B is a synthetic analogue of the natural lipopeptide antibiotic polymyxin B (PxB) that maintains the ability of the parent compound to form vesicle-vesicle contacts and induce lipid exchange. Exchange is selective, and only monoanionic phospholipids such as 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-sn-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG) are transferred, whereas dianionic phospholipids such as 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-sn-3-phosphate (POPA) are not, as shown by fluorescence experiments based on the excimer/monomer ratio of pyrene-labeled phospholipids. Synthetic fluorescent analogues of sP-B are used to investigate the peptide position and orientation in the intermembrane contacts: sP-Bw, an analogue that contains D-tryptophan (D-Trp) instead of the naturally occurring D-phenylalanine, and sP-Bpy, incorporating a pyrene group at the N-terminus. Tryptophan fluorescence, anisotropy, and quenching measurements performed with sP-Bw indicate that the peptide binds and inserts in anionic vesicles of POPG and POPA. However, significant differences are seen depending on the lipid composition, as also demonstrated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments from Trp to 7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol (NBD) groups at the interface. Intermolecular FRET using sP-Bw as the donor and sP-Bpy as the acceptor indicates self-association of the peptide, possibly forming dimers, when bound to POPG vesicles at concentrations that induce the vesicle-vesicle contacts.
A novel ErbB2 epitope targeted by human antitumor immunoagents (2011)

Two novel human antitumor immunoconjugates, engineered by fusion of a single-chain antibody fragment against human ErbB2 receptor, termed Erbicin, with either a human RNase or the Fc region of a human IgG(1) , are selectively cytotoxic for ErbB2-positive cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. These Erbicin-derived immunoagents (EDIAs) do not show the most negative properties of Herceptin, the only humanized mAb against ErbB2 used in the therapy of breast carcinoma: cardiotoxicity and the inability to act on resistant tumors. These differences are probably attributable to the different ErbB2 epitopes recognized by EDIAs and Herceptin, respectively, as we have previously reported that they induce different signaling mechanisms that control tumor and cardiac cell viability. Thus, to accurately identify the novel epitope recognized by EDIAs, three independent and complementary methodologies were used. They gave coherent results, which are reported here: EDIAs bind to a different ErbB2 epitope than Herceptin and the other human/humanized antibodies against ErbB2 reported so far. The epitope has been successfully located in region 122-195 of extracellular domain I. These findings could lead to the identification of novel epitopes on ErbB2 that could be used as potential therapeutic targets to mitigate anti-ErbB2-associated cardiotoxicity and eventually overcome resistance.
Interactive broadband applications, the role of IN (2002)

Discusses: application classes, classical intelligent network (IN) services, IN application in broadband, IN and broadband standardization, and the future of INs using video on demand as an example.