gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time, location-aware collaborative filtering of web content (2011)

In this paper we describe the collaborative filtering feature of a location-aware, Web content recommendation service, called Gloe. The main purpose of our collaborative filtering solution is to increase the diversity of recommendations and to thereby mitigate popularity bias. The key challenge is to filter candidate suggestions in real-time, with minimal data mining and model building overhead. There is an apparent trade-off between building general purpose reusable models with contributions from a large user base on one hand and efficient on-line evaluation and recommendation in realtime on the other hand. Our solution is to apply item-based, top-N collaborative filtering within a hierarchical folksonomy structure in a Geohash pre-partitioned geographic locale. We demonstrate that these recommendations can be, on average, as fast to compute as aggregate rating-based recommendations, while offering a more diverse as well as personalized set of recommendations.
Purification and Some Properties of Membrane-Bound Phospholipase B from Torulaspora delbrueckii1 (1988)

Membrane-bound phospholipase B was purified to a homogeneous state from Torulaspora delbrueckii cell homogenate. Cell homogenate was extracted with Triton X-100, and the enzyme was precipitated with acetone. The acetone powder was washed repeatedly with Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) until no phospholipae B activity was detected in the soluble fraction. The enzyme was extracted with Triton X-100 from the final residue and purified about 1,390-fold by sequential chromatofocusing, Sepharose 6B, and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography. The final preparation showed a single broad protein band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis when stained with silver stain reagent and PAS-reagent. The molecular weight of phospholipase B was about 390,000 and 140,000-190,000 as estimated by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively, suggesting that phospholipase B is an oligomeric protein. The isoelectric point was at pH 4.5. Phospholipase B has two pH optima, one acidic (pH 2.5-3.0) and the other alkaline (pH 7.2-8.0). At acidic pH the phospholipase B activity was greatly increased in the presence of divalent metal ions, although metal ions are not a factor for enzyme activity. On the other hand, at alkaline pH the enzyme required Ca2+ or Mn2+ for activity. The pH- and thermal-stabilities at both pHs were similar. The phospholipase B hydrolyzed all diacylphospholipids tested at acidic pH, but hydrolyzed only phosphatidylcholine at alkaline pH. The hydrolysis rates of lysophospholipids were much higher (about 10-fold) than those of diacylphospholipids at both pHs.
Advanced systemic mastocytosis: the impact of KIT mutations in diagnosis, treatment, and progression (2012)

Apart from indolent systemic mastocytosis (SM), which is associated with a favorable prognosis, other subtypes of SM (SM with associated clonal hematologic non-mast cell lineage disease, aggressive SM, and mast cell leukemia - collectively referred to in this review as advanced SM) can be debilitating. The complexity of SM makes both the diagnosis and design of response criteria challenging for clinical studies. The tyrosine kinase KIT has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of SM and has been a focal point in the development of targeted therapy. Mutations within various domains of the KIT receptor that lead to constitutive activation have been identified in patients, and those involving the activation loop of the KIT receptor are the mutations most frequently detected in patients with mastocytosis. Aberrant activation of the KIT receptor results in increased production of mast cells in extracutaneous organs that may lead to organ failure or early death. This review discusses the diagnosis and management of patients with advanced SM, including the relevance of KIT in this disease, potential therapies targeting this kinase, and criteria for measuring responses to these therapies.
Exposure of atorvastatin is unchanged but lactone and acid metabolites are increased several-fold in patients with atorvastatin-induced myopathy (2006)

This study disclosed a distinct difference in the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin metabolites between patients with atorvastatin-related myopathy and healthy control subjects. These results are of importance in the further search for the mechanism of statin-induced myopathy.
Orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) revisited: a comprehensive study and analysis (2005)

The orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) approach has received considerable interest in hyperspectral data exploitation recently. It has been shown to be a versatile technique for a wide range of applications. Unfortunately, insights into its design rationale have not been investigated and have yet to be explored. This work conducts a comprehensive study and analysis on the OSP from several signal processing perspectives and further discusses in depth how to effectively operate the OSP using different levels of a priori target knowledge for target detection and classification. Additionally, it looks into various assumptions made in the OSP and analyzes filters with different forms, some of which turn out to be well-known and popular target detectors and classifiers. It also shows how the OSP is related to the well-known least-squares-based linear spectral mixture analysis and how the OSP takes advantage of Gaussian noise to arrive at the Gaussian maximum-likelihood detector/estimator and likelihood ratio test. Extensive experiments are also included in this paper to simulate various scenarios to illustrate the utility of the OSP operating under various assumptions and different degrees of target knowledge.
A prospective, non-randomized, no placebo-controlled, phase Ib clinical trial to study the safety of the adipose derived stromal cells-stromal vascular fraction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2013)

The clinical trial met its primary objective demonstrating an acceptable safety profile of endobronchially administered autologous ADSCs-SVF. Our findings accelerate the rapidly expanded scientific knowledge and indicate a way towards future efficacy trials.
PLANARIZATION OF MICROELECTRONIC STRUCTURES BY USING POLYIMIDES (2002)

In the recent years there has been an increasing demand for new types of polyimides which could planarize topographies of microelectronic structures by conserving all of their electro-physical properties for a given application. In this work, planarization properties have been examined for the PPID polyimide material. Profilometer technique has been used to measure step height changes of isolated lines of various dimensions. A model of local and global planarization has been completed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has been used to evaluate thermal processes in the PPID polyimide.
RS‐4252 Inhibits Amyloid β‐Induced Cytotoxicity in HeLa Cells (2003)

Progressive deposition of amyloid beta peptide in the senile plaques is a principal event in the neurodegenerative process of Alzheimer's disease. Several reports have demonstrated that amyloid beta is cytotoxic using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) as an indicator of viability in cells. With the MTT assay, we screened an in-house library to find compounds which suppress amyloid beta-induced inhibition of MTT reduction. We have previously reported that 6-ethyl-N,N'-bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)[1,3,5]triazine-2,4-diamine (named RS-0466), found in an in-house library, was capable of significantly inhibiting amyloid beta-induced cytotoxicity in HeLa cells. From further screening hits, we newly focused on 4-(7-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-chroman-4-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (named RS-4252), which show comparable potency to RS-0466 to ameliorate amyloid beta-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, RS-4252 reversed the decrease in phosphorylated Akt by amyloid beta. These results imply that RS-4252 or one of its derivatives has the potential to be a therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease patients, and that activation of Akt is at least in part involved in the effect.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Autoimmune Neuromuscular Diseases (2004)

Intravenous immunoglobulin is effective in many autoimmune neurologic diseases, but its spectrum of efficacy, especially as first-line therapy, and the appropriate dose for long-term maintenance therapy are not fully established. Further controlled studies of IVIG, combined with a dose-finding effect, pharmacoeconomics, and quality-of-life assessments, are warranted to improve the evidence base for clinical practice.
Synthesis and Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity of 9-(2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-β-l-arabinofuranosyl)purine Nucleosides (1997)

Since the discovery of 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-beta-L-arabinofuranosyluracil (L-FMAU) as a potent anti-HBV and anti-EBV agent, we have studied the structure-activity relationships of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosylpyrimidine nucleosides as anti-HBV agents. Therefore it is rational to extend this study to the purine nucleosides. Thus, 3,5-di-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl bromide (1), which was prepared from L-xylose via a multistep procedure, was coupled with several purines by the sodium salt method. From this general synthesis, 10 purine nucleosides containing the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl moiety have been obtained. The anti-HBV activity and toxicity of the synthesized nucleosides were evaluated in HepG2 2.2.15 cells. Among them, the adenine (10) and hypoxanthine (15) derivatives exhibit good in vitro anti-HBV activity (EC50 = 1.5 and 8 microM, respectively) without significant toxicity up to 200 microM.
A wearable augmented reality testbed for navigation and control, built solely with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware (2002)

Personal applications employing augmented reality (AR) technology for information systems require ease of use and wearability. Progress in hardware miniaturization is enabling the development of wearable testbeds for such applications, providing sufficient computing power for the demanding AR tasks. Rockwell Science Center has assembled a wearable testbed for AR applications, comprised only of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware components. The system is designed to be worn like a jacket, with all the hardware attached and affixed to a vest frame (Xybernaut) with concealed routing of cables under Velcro channels. Two possible configurations allow the system to be used either in a stand-alone mode (the Intelligent Tetherless Wearable Augmented Reality Navigation System, or "itWARNS") or to be linked to a larger-scale multi-modal user interface testbed (the Wearable Immersive Multi-Media Information System, or "WIMMIS"). Completely tetherless operation is made possible by wireless digital connections as well as analog video and 3D audio connections over radio frequencies (RF). This paper describes these two testbed configurations, as well as some of the AR applications developed on this testbed.
Automatic reconstruction of parametric building models from indoor point clouds (2015)

We present an automatic approach for the reconstruction of parametric 3D building models from indoor point clouds. While recently developed methods in this domain focus on mere local surface reconstructions which enable e.g. efficient visualization, our approach aims for a volumetric, parametric building model that additionally incorporates contextual information such as global wall connectivity. In contrast to pure surface reconstructions, our representation thereby allows more comprehensive use: first, it enables efficient high-level editing operations in terms of e.g. wall removal or room reshaping which always result in a topologically consistent representation. Second, it enables easy taking of measurements like e.g. determining wall thickness or room areas. These properties render our reconstruction method especially beneficial to architects or engineers for planning renovation or retrofitting. Following the idea of previous approaches, the reconstruction task is cast as a labeling problem which is solved by an energy minimization. This global optimization approach allows for the reconstruction of wall elements shared between rooms while simultaneously maintaining plausible connectivity between all wall elements. An automatic prior segmentation of the point clouds into rooms and outside area filters large-scale outliers and yields priors for the definition of labeling costs for the energy minimization. The reconstructed model is further enriched by detected doors and windows. We demonstrate the applicability and reconstruction power of our new approach on a variety of complex real-world datasets requiring little or no parameter adjustment.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia blast cell proliferation is inhibited by peptides that disrupt Grb2-SoS complexes (2001)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is commonly characterized by the presence of the p210(Bcr-Abl) oncoprotein. Many downstream effectors of Bcr-Abl have been described, including activation of the Grb2-SoS-Ras-MAP kinase (Erk) pathway. The precise contributions of these signal-transduction proteins in CML blast cells in human patients are not yet well defined. To gain further insight into the importance of Grb2 for CML, peptides that disrupt Grb2-SoS complexes were tested. These high-affinity Grb2-binding peptides (HAGBPs) can autonomously shuttle into cells and function by binding to the N-terminal SH3 domain of Grb2. The HAGBPs were analyzed for their effects on Bcr-Abl-expressing cell lines and freshly isolated CML blast cells from patients. They induced a dramatic decrease in the proliferation of CML cell lines. This was not observed with point-mutated control peptides with abolished Grb2SH3(N) binding. As expected, Grb2-SoS complexes were greatly diminished in the HAGBP-treated cells, and MAP kinase activity was significantly reduced as determined by an activation-specific phospho-MAPK antibody. Furthermore, cell fractions that are enriched for blast cells from CML patients with active disease were also incubated with the Grb2 blocker peptides. The HAGBPs led to a significant proliferation reduction of these cells in the majority of the isolates, but not in all patients' cells. These results show that, in addition to the direct targeting of Bcr-Abl, selective inhibition of Grb2 protein complexes may be a therapeutic option for a significant number of CML patients.
Theoretical calculations and experimental studies on the electronic structures of hydrazones and hydrazone radical cations: formaldehyde hydrazone and benzaldehyde diphenylhydrazones (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical calculations and experimental studies on the electronic structures of hydrazones and hydrazone radical cations: formaldehyde hydrazone and benzaldehyde diphenylhydrazonesJ. Pacansky, A. D. McLean, and M. D. MillerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1, 90–98Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100364a014https://doi.org/10.1021/j100364a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Recent Progress of Ferroelectric-Gate Field-Effect Transistors and Applications to Nonvolatile Logic and FeNAND Flash Memory (2010)

We have investigated ferroelectric-gate field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with Pt/SrBi₂Ta₂O₉/(HfO₂)<sub>x</sub>(Al₂O₃)<sub>1-x</sub> (Hf-Al-O) and Pt/SrBi₂Ta₂O₉/HfO₂ gate stacks. The fabricated FeFETs have excellent data retention characteristics: The drain current ratio between the on- and off-states of a FeFET was more than 2 × 10⁶ after 12 days, and the decreasing rate of this ratio was so small that the extrapolated drain current ratio after 10 years is larger than 1 × 10⁵. A fabricated self-aligned gate Pt/SrBi₂Ta₂O₉/Hf-Al-O/Si FET revealed a sufficiently large drain current ratio of 2.4 × 10⁵ after 33.5 day, which is 6.5 × 10⁴ after 10 years by extrapolation. The developed FeFETs also revealed stable retention characteristics at an elevated temperature up to 120 °C and had small transistor threshold voltage (V<sub>th</sub>) distribution. The V<sub>th</sub> can be adjusted by controlling channel impurity densities for both n-channel and p-channel FeFETs. These performances are now suitable to integrated circuit application with nonvolatile functions. Fundamental properties for the applications to ferroelectric-CMOS nonvolatile logic-circuits and to ferroelectric-NAND flash memories are demonstrated.
Human Response to Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection: Antibodies to Secreted Virulence Factors (2000)

Vaccination has been proposed for the prevention of disease due to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), but the immune response following human infection, including the choice of potential antigens, has not been well characterized. To study this, sera were obtained from five pediatric patients with acute diarrhea caused by E. coli O157:H7 0, 8, and 60 days after hospitalization. These sera were used to examine the immune response to four different EHEC virulence factors: Tir (translocated intimin receptor, which is inserted into the host cell membrane), intimin (bacterial outer membrane protein which binds to Tir), EspA (secreted protein which forms filamentous structures on EHEC surface), and EspB (inserted into the host membrane and cytoplasm). The response to O157:H7 lipopolysaccharide was also examined. Sera were assayed against purified recombinant proteins using immunoblot analysis and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the sera's titers to each of the antigens in all patients. We found that there was little reaction to EspA, EspB, and intimin in the acute-phase sera, although there was some reactivity to Tir. By day 8, titers of antibody to all four virulence factors were present in all patients, with a very strong response against Tir (up to a titer of 1:256,000), especially in hemolytic-uremic syndrome patients, and lesser strong responses to the other three antigens. The titer to the antigens 60 days after hospitalization was decreased but was still highest for Tir. These results suggest that there is a strong immune response to Tir, and to a lesser extent to the other three virulence factors, following EHEC disease, indicating that these bacterial molecules are potential vaccine candidates for preventing EHEC disease. They also suggest that bacterial virulence factors that are inserted into host cells during infection by type III secretion systems (Tir or EspB) are still recognized by the host immune response.
Analysis of the clinical effectiveness of 144 cases of soft tissue and superficial malignant tumours treated with electrochemical therapy. (1994)

Electrochemical therapy (ECT) was used for the treatment of 144 cases of soft tissue and superficial malignant tumours. All tumours were cytologically verified and included 39 soft-tissue sarcomas, ten head-neck cancers, 21 malignant melanomas, seven skin cancers, three cervical cancers, two breast cancers, 27 recurrent cancers and 35 metastatic cancers. The TNM stage of primary cancers were: T1: n = 28, T2: n = 36, T3: n = 12, and T4: n = 6. Among these, 23 cases were lymph nodes metastases and 12 systemic metastases. There were 43 cases of localised recurrent cancer and 19 cases of generalised metastatic disease. ECT was used to treat 128 cases once, nine cases twice, four cases three times and three four times. All patients received systemic chemotherapy for one to two cycles, and three of them were also treated by radiotherapy. The short-term effectiveness rate was 86.87% (125/144) with 81 complete response (CR) (tumour disappeared completely), accounting for 58.3% of all cases, 41 partial response (PR) (tumour regressed to more than half of its original size) accounting for 28.5%. Fourteen (9.7%) no change (NC); tumour regressed to less than half of its original size) and five (4.5%) progressive disease (PD); tumour did not regress or even increased in size). The short-term effectiveness rate in relation to tumour size was 94.5% (120/127) for tumour diameters of < 7 cm and 29.4% (5/17) for tumour diameters > 7 cm (p < 0.001). The long-term effectiveness, that is the survival rates for 1, 2, 3 and 4 years, was 83.3% (120/144), 74.1% (89/120), 84.3% (75/89) and 73.3% (55/75), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ligand‐Functionalized Core/Shell Microgels with Permselective Shells (2004)

Sifting through the surface: Permselective core/shell microgels have been prepared by using a labile cross-linker, which can be cleaved stoichiometrically to control the porosity of the shell. Proteins that are smaller than the pore size are allowed to permeate through the shell to bind with the core-bound ligand (arrows; see picture). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z461090_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Viability and preliminary in vivo characterization of site directed mutants of Escherichia coli single‐stranded DNA‐binding protein (1993)

Site-directed mutations involving selected amino acids of Escherichia coli single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) were tested for their in vivo functionality when introduced into a chromosomal ssb deletion strain on a plasmid. All mutants complemented the ssb deletion for viability when present on a pSC101 derivative. The generation time with ssbW54S doubled in comparison to the ssb+ control, and both the ssbW54S- and ssbH55K-containing strains exhibited temperature sensitivity. ssbH55K, ssbW54S, ssbW88T, and ssbH55Y (ssb-1) strains displayed reduced survival to ultraviolet irradiation, while ssbW40T and ssbF60L strains were comparable to the ssb+ control strain. This study represents the first investigation of the in vivo properties of ssb mutations constructed for in vitro analysis of DNA binding by SSB.
Categorization of rheological scaling models for particle gels applied to casein gels (2002)

Rennet-induced casein gels made from skim milk were studied rheologically. A scaling model or framework for describing the rheological behavior of gels is discussed and used for classification of the structure of casein gels. There are two main parameters in the model that describe the number of deformable links in a strand and the bendability of the links. In the model at least five types of gel structure can be distinguished. Application of the model to experimental data on rennet-induced casein gels at pH of 6.0–6.6 and 25 °C shows that they contain straight strands with a large number of deformable links. Analysis of the experimental data of the storage modulus, maximum linear strain and yield stress as a function of the volume fraction results in the same information about the gel structure.