gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current and lifetime comorbidity of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders in a large clinical sample. (2001)

The comorbidity of current and lifetime DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders was examined in 1,127 outpatients who were assessed with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Lifetime version (ADIS-IV-L). The current and lifetime prevalence of additional Axis I disorders in principal anxiety and mood disorders was found to be 57% and 81%, respectively. The principal diagnostic categories associated with the highest comorbidity rates were mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). A high rate of lifetime comorbidity was found between the anxiety and mood disorders; the lifetime association with mood disorders was particularly strong for PTSD, GAD, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and social phobia. The findings are discussed in regard to their implications for the classification of emotional disorders.
cDNA Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Identification of the Catalytic Triad of Monoglyceride Lipase (1997)

Monoglyceride lipase catalyzes the last step in the hydrolysis of stored triglycerides in the adipocyte and presumably also complements the action of lipoprotein lipase in degrading triglycerides from chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins. Monoglyceride lipase was cloned from a mouse adipocyte cDNA library. The predicted amino acid sequence consisted of 302 amino acids, corresponding to a molecular weight of 33,218. The sequence showed no extensive homology to other known mammalian proteins, but a number of microbial proteins, including two bacterial lysophospholipases and a family of haloperoxidases, were found to be distantly related to this enzyme. By means of multiple sequence alignment and secondary structure prediction, the structural elements in monoglyceride lipase, as well as the putative catalytic triad, were identified. The residues of the proposed triad, Ser-122, in a GXSXG motif, Asp-239, and His-269, were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis experiments. Northern blot analysis revealed that monoglyceride lipase is ubiquitously expressed among tissues, with a transcript size of about 4 kilobases.
PROLONGATION OF CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL IN RATS BY ANTI-TNF AND CYCLOSPORINE COMBINATION THERAPY (1992)

Cyclosporine is well known to have many adverse side effects. However, while decreasing the dosage of CsA can reduce its toxicity, this also lowers its immunosuppressive effectiveness. Additionally, anti-tumor necrosis factor has been demonstrated to have immunosuppressive activity and been shown to prolong cardiac allograft survival. This current study therefore investigated the efficacy of a combined therapy of anti-TNF with low-dose CsA in a rat heterotopic cardiac transplant model utilizing Brown-Norway donors and Lewis recipients. Control transplant recipients received no immunotherapy. Experimental animals received single-dose anti-TNF intraperitoneally on posttransplant days 0, 3, or 5 and/or low-dose CsA (1.5 mg/kg/day) intramuscularly from days 0 to 14 after transplantation. Rejection was determined by the lack of contractions in the transplanted heart. No animal received any other form of immunosuppression. Graft survival was significantly prolonged with combination CsA and anti-TNF therapy, suggesting a synergistic effect against acute cardiac allograft rejection, possibly from CsA and anti-TNF interacting at different levels of the recipient immune response. This form of combination therapy may hold promise for future immunosuppressive techniques.
Sense and antisense transcripts of human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical cancers (1992)

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) transcription was analysed in one squamous cervical carcinoma by cDNA cloning and DNA sequencing, and in eight additional squamous cervical carcinomas and 11 precancerous lesions by RNA-RNA in situ hybridization. The nucleotide sequences of the cDNA clones revealed structures of early HPV-16 mRNAs (E6*-E7-E1 E4-E5) in agreement with data reported for other premalignant and malignant tumours. cDNA clones possibly representing viral RNA of antisense orientation were also detected. These RNAs included sequences of the upstream regulatory region, part of the early and the late region of the genome. In three of eight squamous cervical carcinomas examined by in situ hybridization, signals specific for viral antisense RNA were also found. The antisense RNAs had a predominantly nuclear localization. Viral antisense RNA could not be detected in any of 11 HPV-16-positive premalignant lesions. The expression of HPV antisense RNA is likely to be linked to viral integration into the host genome. The possible effects of viral antisense transcription with regard to tumour progression remain to be determined.
Human T cell activation with phytohemagglutinin. The function of IL-6 as an accessory signal. (1988)

T cell proliferation induced by the lectin PHA requires the presence of monocytes. Here, we report that IL-6 represents part of the monocyte-derived helper activity for human T cell stimulation with PHA. Resting T cells isolated from peripheral blood or tonsils and completely depleted of accessory cells (monocytes and NK cells) did not proliferate in response to PHA alone. Addition of a cell-free monocyte culture supernatant (not containing IL-2) to the PHA-stimulated cultures resulted in T cell proliferation. We identified IL-6 as an essential helper factor in these monocyte supernatants, because antisera to IL-6 (but not anti-IL-1-beta) completely neutralized the helper effect of the monocyte supernatant. Moreover, addition of purified human IL-6 (but not IL-1-beta) to T cell cultures resulted in proliferation of PHA-stimulated T cells. Although IL-1 could not restore the PHA-induced proliferative response of isolated T cells by itself, it strongly enhanced the helper effect of IL-6. In contrast to intact monocytes, IL-6 did not induce detectable IL-2 production in cultures of PHA-stimulated T cells. Furthermore, an anti-IL-2R mAb (anti-Tac) did not block the proliferative response induced by PHA and IL-6, suggesting that an IL-2-independent pathway of T cell proliferation was involved. In conclusion our results show that human IL-6, previously identified as a B cell hybridoma growth and a B cell differentiation factor, represents part of the monocyte helper function for PHA-induced human T cell activation and proliferation.
Inhibition of Self-Binding Antibodies (Autobodies) by a V H -Derived Peptide (1988)

The self-binding properties of a dominant idiotypic antibody (T15) and a minor idiotypic antibody (M603), both specific for phosphorylcholine, were examined as models of self-binding antibodies (autobodies). Observed differences in the self-binding affinity of T15 and M603 relate to variable sequence differences in their respective heavy and light chains. A molecular recognition theory based on the translation of coding and noncoding DNA strands was used to identify complementary amino acid sequences responsible for self-binding. The second hypervariable region of the heavy chain domain, extending into the third framework region, was predicted as the primary self-binding locus. Among peptides synthesized with different variable heavy and light chain regions, a 24-residue peptide spanning the second hypervariable and third framework regions of the heavy chain of T15 was nearly as effective as phosphorycholine in inhibiting the self-binding complexes.
(CdSe)ZnS Quantum Dots and Organophosphorus Hydrolase Bioconjugate as Biosensors for Detection of Paraoxon (2005)

In this paper, we first report a novel biosensor for the detection of paraoxon based on (CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) and an organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) bioconjugate. The OPH was coupled to (CdSe)ZnS core-shell QDs through electrostatic interaction between negatively charged QDs surfaces and the positively charged protein side chain and ending groups (-NH2). Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy showed no significant change in the secondary structure of OPH after the bioconjugation, which indicates that the activity of OPH was preserved. Detectable secondary structure changes were observed by CD spectroscopy when the OPH/QDs bioconjugate was exposed to organophosphorus compounds such as paraoxon. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopic study showed that the PL intensity of the OPH/QDs bioconjugate was quenched in the presence of paraoxon. The overall quenching percentage as a function of paraoxon concentration matched very well with the Michaelis-Menten equation. This result indicated that the quenching of PL intensity was caused by the conformational change in the enzyme, which is confirmed by CD measurements. The detection limit of paraoxon concentration using OPH/QDs bioconjugate was about 10(-8) M. Although increasing the OPH molar ratio in the bioconjugates will slightly increase the sensitivity of biosensor, no further increase of sensitivity was achieved when the molar ratio of OPH to QDs was greater than 20 because the surface of QDs was saturated by OPH. These properties make the OPH/QDs bioconjugate a promising biosensor for the detection of organophosphorus compounds.
Developmental expression of SP-A and SP-A mRNA in the proximal and distal respiratory epithelium in the human fetus and newborn. (1993)

We used immunolocalization and in situ hybridization to determine the distribution of SP-A and SP-A mRNA in lungs of human fetuses and normal newborn infants. Early in the second fetal trimester a few immunostained cells were observed in tracheal epithelium, often in mucosal folds near the origin of submucosal gland ducts. Non-mucous tracheal gland cells were immunostained for SP-A as they became differentiated. Expression of SP-A mRNA was similar to that of immunolocalization in the second trimester. Immunostained cells and SP-A mRNA also appeared about the same time in gestation in isolated cells of bronchial epithelium and glands. SP-A mRNA was seen in bronchiolar cells and pre-Type II cells lining terminal airways of fetuses at 19-20 weeks of gestation. Only in liveborn infants did cells of bronchioloalveolar portals and mature Type II cells contain SP-A mRNA or immunostain for SP-A. In postnatal infants, luminal material was also stained for SP-A. Although some alveolar macrophages contained immunoreactive material, SP-A mRNA was never detected. The abundance of SP-A in tracheal and bronchial glands and epithelium of conducting airways supports the importance of non-surfactant-associated functions for SP-A and may be related to a role in host defense.
Photoacoustic-fluorescence in vitro flow cytometry for quantification of absorption, scattering and fluorescence properties of the cells (2013)

Fluorescence flow cytometry is a well-established analytical tool that provides quantification of multiple biological parameters of cells at molecular levels, including their functional states, morphology, composition, proliferation, and protein expression. However, only the fluorescence and scattering parameters of the cells or labels are available for detection. Cell pigmentation, presence of non-fluorescent dyes or nanoparticles cannot be reliably quantified. Herewith, we present a novel photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry design for simple integration of absorbance measurements into schematics of conventional in vitro flow cytometers. The integrated system allow simultaneous measurements of light absorbance, scattering and of multicolor fluorescence from single cells in the flow at rates up to 2 m/s. We compared various combinations of excitation laser sources for multicolor detection, including simultaneous excitation of PA and fluorescence using a single 500 kHz pulsed nanosecond laser. Multichannel detection scheme allows simultaneous detection of up to 8 labels, including 4 fluorescent tags and 4 PA colors. In vitro PA-fluorescence flow cytometer was used for studies of nanoparticles uptake and for the analysis of cell line pigmentation, including genetically encoded melanin expression in breast cancer cell line. We demonstrate that this system can be used for direct nanotoxicity studies with simultaneous quantification of nanoparticles content and assessment of cell viability using a conventional fluorescent apoptosis assays.
Recombinant soluble urokinase receptor as a scavenger for urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) (1994)

A recombinant soluble human urokinase receptor comprising amino acids 1-277 was cloned and transfected into CHO cells. The mutant protein (rec-uPAR277), purified from the CHO cell supernatant by affinity chromatography on immobilized urokinase (uPA), in a four-fold excess, completely abolished the binding of FITC-labeled pro-uPA to the human ovarian cancer cell line, OV-MZ-6. This invasive and tumorigenic cancer cell line expresses uPA, its inhibitor PAI-1, and the high-affinity receptor for uPA, uPAR. Rec-uPAR277 significantly reduced the proliferation of OV-MZ-6 cells in a concentration-dependent manner without altering the viability of the cells. Invasion of OV-MZ-6 cells tested in an in vitro Matrigel invasion assay was inhibited by rec-uPAR277 up to 75%. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that rec-uPAR277 can function as a scavenger for uPA in vitro by inhibiting proliferation and invasion of human cancer cells.
A raridade histológica no câncer da tireoide (2012)

Sarcomas, lymphomas and thyroid metastases are uncommon and tend to worse outcomes.
ANTIBIOTIC RELEASE FROM IMPREGNATED PELLETS AND BEADS (1994)

Antibiotic impregnated beads are being used increasingly in the initial treatment of open fracture wounds, producing high antibiotic levels locally, over the first few days. Pellets were prepared to assess the release of the following antibiotics: benzylpenicillin, flucloxacillin, amoxycillin, amoxycillin-clavulanate (Co-Amoxiclav), ciprofloxacin, imipenem, or gentamicin; the carrier material was either polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or plaster of Paris (PoP). Elution of antibiotic over 72 hours from the pellets in vitro was determined using an agar-diffusion microbiologic assay. The initial rapid release of antibiotic lasted 12-24 hours, with release from PoP pellets at least four-fold greater than that from corresponding PMMA pellets. A second phase consisted of a sustained but gradually diminishing elution. The release of antibiotics from PoP pellets compared favorably with that from the PMMA beads currently used. We conclude that PoP pellets may be particularly suitable for short-term applications such as infection prophylaxis in open fractures.
Assay with Chromogenic Substrates of <i>in vivo </i>Activated Proteases (1978)

The proteolytic enzymes of the coagulation and fibrinolysis systems as well as others such as kallikrein, activated under pathological conditions can be determined directly, without manipulations of the plasmas, with the synthetic chromogenic substrates. With these substrates it is possible to follow the protease activity in disseminated intravascular coagulation, during thrombolysis and under other conditions. The lack of absolute substrate specificity makes it imposssible to identify the activated proteases.
DNS and BIND security issues (1995)

Efforts are underway to add security to the DNS protocol. We have observed that if BIND would just do what the DNS specifications say it should do, stop crashing, and start checking its inputs, then most of the existing security holes in DNS as practiced would go away. To be sure, attackers would still have a pretty easy time co-opting DNS in their break-in attempts. Our aim has been to get BIND to the point where its only vulnerabilities are due to the DNS protocol, and not to the implementation. This paper describes our progress to date.
Über die Regioselektivität von Diensynthesen substituierter Chinone (1977)

Abstract Die Reaktionen von drei verschieden substituierten Chinonen ( 5–7 ) mit verschiedenen Dienen ( 2, 8–10 ) geben hauptsächlich „Ortho”︁‐Addukte. Jedoch werden in mehreren Fällen auch „Meta”︁‐Addukte isoliert. Die Ergebnisse werden auf der Basis verschiedener hypothetischer Mechanismen diskutiert. Keines der angenommenen Modelle steht voll im Einklang mit den experimentellen Befunden. Sterische Faktoren scheinen meistens wichtiger zu sein als die elektronische Situation.
The Transcription Factor ATF4 Promotes Skeletal Myofiber Atrophy during Fasting (2010)

Prolonged fasting alters skeletal muscle gene expression in a manner that promotes myofiber atrophy, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we examined the potential role of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a transcription factor with an evolutionarily ancient role in the cellular response to starvation. In mouse skeletal muscle, fasting increases the level of ATF4 mRNA. To determine whether increased ATF4 expression was required for myofiber atrophy, we reduced ATF4 expression with an inhibitory RNA targeting ATF4 and found that it reduced myofiber atrophy during fasting. Likewise, reducing the fasting level of ATF4 mRNA with a phosphorylation-resistant form of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha decreased myofiber atrophy. To determine whether ATF4 was sufficient to reduce myofiber size, we overexpressed ATF4 and found that it reduced myofiber size in the absence of fasting. In contrast, a transcriptionally inactive ATF4 construct did not reduce myofiber size, suggesting a requirement for ATF4-mediated transcriptional regulation. To begin to determine the mechanism of ATF4-mediated myofiber atrophy, we compared the effects of fasting and ATF4 overexpression on global skeletal muscle mRNA expression. Interestingly, expression of ATF4 increased a small subset of five fasting-responsive mRNAs, including four of the 15 mRNAs most highly induced by fasting. These five mRNAs encode proteins previously implicated in growth suppression (p21(Cip1/Waf1), GADD45alpha, and PW1/Peg3) or titin-based stress signaling [muscle LIM protein (MLP) and cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP)]. Taken together, these data identify ATF4 as a novel mediator of skeletal myofiber atrophy during starvation.
A time-multiplexed FPGA architecture for logic emulation (2002)

This paper presents an architecture for a FPGA oriented towards logic emulation, to achieve maximum usable logic density per unit silicon area, and fast mapping. Logic circuits are translated into a program that is executed sequentially by a network of processor elements. Overall, a sevenfold increase in raw logic blocks, and a 25-fold increase in usable logic blocks compared to a FPGA-based logic emulator is expected for a given silicon area.
Functional comparison of villin and gelsolin. Effects of Ca2+, KCl, and polyphosphoinositides. (1988)

A family of homologous actin-binding proteins sever and cap actin filaments and accelerate actin filament assembly. The functions of two of these proteins, villin and gelsolin, and of their proteolytically derived actin binding domains were compared directly by measuring their effects, under various ionic conditions, on the rates and extents of polymerization of pyrene-labeled actin. In 1 mM Ca2+ and 150 mM KCl, villin and gelsolin have similar severing and polymerization-accelerating properties. Decreasing [Ca2+] to 25 microM greatly reduces severing by villin but not gelsolin. Decreasing [KCl] from 150 to 10 mM at 25 microM Ca2+ increases severing by villin, but not gelsolin, over 10-fold. The C-terminal half domains of both proteins have Ca2+-sensitive actin monomer-binding properties, but neither severs filaments nor accelerates polymerization. The N-terminal halves of villin and gelsolin contain all the filament-severing activity of the intact proteins. Severing by gelsolin's N-terminal half is Ca2+-independent, but that of villin has the same Ca2+ requirement as intact villin. The difference in Ca2+ sensitivity extends to 14-kDa N-terminal fragments which bind actin monomers and filament ends, requiring Ca2+ in the case of villin but not gelsolin. Severing of filaments by villin and its N-terminal half is shown to be inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, as shown previously for gelsolin (Janmey, P.A., and Stossel, T.P. (1987) Nature 325, 362-364). The functional similarities of villin and gelsolin correlate with known structural features, and the greater functional dependence of villin on Ca2+ compared to gelsolin is traced to differences in their N-terminal domains.
Preparation of reactive surfaces by electrografting (2003)

The electrografting process has been applied to a new monomer in order to induce reactivity to the surface of various conducting substrates which are then appropriate for the anchoring of a large variety of molecules (catalysts, proteins, amino-polymers etc.).
Surface hydrophobic and hydrophilic protein alterations in Candida albicans (1993)

Cell surface hydrophobicity influences pathogenesis of Candida albicans. Previous studies suggested that stationary-phase hydrophilic and hydrophobic cells, obtained by growth at 37 and 23 degrees C, respectively, may have similar hydrophobic proteins. However, whether hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface proteins differ during the growth cycle at 37 degrees C is unknown. Freeze-fracture analysis revealed surface fibrillar layer differences between hydrophobic late-lag and hydrophilic stationary-phase yeast cells grown at 37 degrees C. Hydrophilic protein differences were also observed between these populations. However, similar hydrophobic proteins were detected among the late-lag and stationary phase cells grown at 37 degrees C and hydrophobic stationary-phase cells grown at 23 degrees C. These results suggest that hydrophobic proteins remain constant but hydrophilic proteins vary during growth. Thus, conversion from surface hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity by C. albicans may only require alterations in the hydrophilic fibrillar protein components.
Discriminación positiva de la Investigación en Enfermería (2007)

En el editorial de este número se plantean, siguiendo con la línea del editorial anterior, los cambios que se deberían realizar en tres ámbitos concretos de la enfermería, que son: formación, ayudas a la investigación y el entorno laboral.
Prediction of RNA secondary structure, including pseudoknotting, by computer simulation (1990)

A computer program is presented which determines the secondary structure of linear RNA molecules by simulating a hypothetical process of folding. This process implies the concept of 'nucleation centres', regions in RNA which locally trigger the folding. During the simulation, the RNA is allowed to fold into pseudoknotted structures, unlike all other programs predicting RNA secondary structure. The simulation uses published, experimentally determined free energy values for nearest neighbour base pair stackings and loop regions, except for new extrapolated values for loops larger than seven nucleotides. The free energy value for a loop arising from pseudoknot formation is set to a single, estimated value of 4.2 kcal/mole. Especially in the case of long RNA sequences, our program appears superior to other secondary structure predicting programs described so far, as tests on tRNAs, the LSU intron of Tetrahymena thermophila and a number of plant viral RNAs show. In addition, pseudoknotted structures are often predicted successfully. The program is written in mainframe APL and is adapted to run on IBM compatible PCs, Atari ST and Macintosh personal computers. On an 8 MHz 8088 standard PC without coprocessor, using STSC APL, it folds a sequence of 700 nucleotides in one and a half hour.