gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analgesia mediated by soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors is dependent on cAMP (2011)

Pain is a major health concern even though numerous analgesic agents are available. Side effects and lack of wide-spectrum efficacy of current drugs justify efforts to better understand pain mechanisms. Stabilization of natural epoxy-fatty acids (EFAs) through inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) reduces pain. However, in the absence of an underlying painful state, inhibition of sEH is ineffective. Surprisingly, a pain-mediating second messenger, cAMP, interacts with natural EFAs and regulates the analgesic activity of sEH inhibitors. Concurrent inhibition of sEH and phosphodiesterase (PDE) dramatically reduced acute pain in rodents. Our findings demonstrate a mechanism of action of cAMP and EFAs in the pathophysiology of pain. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inhibition of various PDE isozymes, including PDE4, lead to significant increases in EFA levels through a mechanism independent of sEH, suggesting that the efficacy of commercial PDE inhibitors could result in part from increasing EFAs. The cross-talk between the two major pathways-one mediated by cAMP and the other by EFAs-paves the way to new approaches to understand and control pain.
Excretion of dissolved organic carbon by phytoplankton of different sizes and subsequent bacterial uptake (1996)

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 132:249-255 (1996) - doi:10.3354/meps132249 Excretion of dissolved organic carbon by phytoplankton of different sizes and subsequent bacterial uptake Malinsky-Rushansky NZ, Legrand C Identical techniques and laboratory equipment were used to compare photosynthetic particulate assimilation and excretion of dissolved organic compounds (EOC) by different size classes of phytoplankton from marine and freshwater ecosystems. The subsequent assimilation and respiration of these algal exudates by bacteria were measured. The percentage of extracellular release of dissolved organic compounds was lower (4 to 5%) for larger algal cells than for picoeukaryotes (29%). Bacterial assimilation of the EOC released by the algae under these conditions seemed to be related more to algal species than to biovolume, although there may also be an effect on the specific bacterial assemblages. Bacterial uptake and utilization of EOC was 19% for freshwater picoeukaryotes, and 18 to 70% for marine nanoplankton. Great variations were found in the respiration rates of natural bacteria on EOC released by the freshwater picoalgae (95%) and nanoplanktonic salt pond algae (20 to 41%). Phytoplankton photosynthesis . Excretion . Subsequent bacterial uptake Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 132. Publication date: February 29, 1996 Print ISSN:0171-8630; Online ISSN:1616-1599 Copyright © 1996 Inter-Research.
Studies in the Anthracene Series. V. A Novel Rearrangement in the Reaction of Halomethyl Ketones with Secondary Amines (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in the Anthracene Series. V. A Novel Rearrangement in the Reaction of Halomethyl Ketones with Secondary AminesEverette L. May and Erich MosettigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 3, 1077–1079Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01183a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01183a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modeling Argument Strength in Student Essays (2015)

Isaac Persing, Vincent Ng. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2015.
Systemic amyloidosis in transgenic mice carrying the human mutant transthyretin (Met30) gene. Pathologic similarity to human familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, type I. (1991)

To analyze the pathologic processes of amyloid deposition in type I familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), mice were made transgenic by introducing the human mutant transthyretin (TTR) gene. In these transgenic mice, amyloid deposition started in the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, and kidneys 6 months after birth and extended to various other organs and tissues with advancing age. At age 24 months, the pattern of amyloid deposition was similar to that observed in human autopsy cases of FAP, except for its absence in the choroid plexus and in the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. Amyloid deposition was shown to be composed of human mutant TTR and, in addition, mouse serum amyloid P component. These results clearly indicate that human variant TTR produced in transgenic mice deposits is a major component of amyloid fibrils in various organs and tissues. Thus this animal model is useful for analyzing how amyloid deposition initiates and proceeds in FAP.
Nucleotide sequence and expression of the pyrC gene of Escherichia coli K-12 (1987)

The pyrC gene of Escherichia coli K-12, which encodes the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme dihydroorotase, was cloned as part of a 1.6-kilobase-pair chromosomal fragment. The nucleotide sequence of this fragment was determined. An open reading frame encoding a 348-amino acid polypeptide (Mr = 38,827) was identified as the pyrC structural gene by comparing the amino acid composition predicted from the DNA sequence with that previously determined for the dihydroorotase subunit. The pyrC promoter was mapped by primer extension of in vivo transcripts. Transcriptional initiation was shown to occur within a region located 36 to 39 base pairs upstream of the pyrC structural gene. Pyrimidine availability appears to affect the use of the minor transcriptional initiation sites. The level of pyrC transcription and dihydroorotase synthesis was coordinately derepressed by pyrimidine limitation, indicating that regulation occurs, at least primarily, at the transcriptional level. Inspection of the pyrC nucleotide sequence indicates that gene expression is not regulated by an attenuation control mechanism similar to that described for the pyrBI operon and the pyrE gene. A possible mechanism of transcriptional control involving a common repressor protein is suggested by the identification of a highly conserved, operatorlike sequence in the promoter regions of pyrC and the other pyrimidine genes (i.e., pyrD and carAB) whose expression is negatively regulated by a cytidine nucleotide effector.
Combined esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone versus esterified estrogens alone in the treatment of loss of sexual interest in surgically menopausal women (2005)

The mixed results seen with the different sexual function questionnaires may be due to the CSFQ-F-C's lack of specificity for this population. Increased levels of bioavailable and free testosterone paralleled the improved MSIQ item scores. Both the EE and EE/MT treatments were well tolerated.
Solubilization and Partial Characterization of Angiotensin II Receptors from Rat Brain (1991)

Rat brain angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors were solubilized with a yield of 30-40% using the synthetic detergent 3[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)]-1-propanesulfonate. Kinetic analysis employing the high-affinity antagonist 125I-Sar1,Ile8-Ang II indicated that the solubilized receptors exhibited the same properties as receptors present within intact brain membranes. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation (r = 0.99) between the respective pIC50 values of a series of agonist and antagonists competing for 125I-Sar1,Ile8-Ang II labeled binding sites in either solubilized or intact membranes. Moreover, covalent labeling of 125I-Ang II to solubilized receptors with the homo-bifunctional cross-linker disuccinimidyl suberate, followed by gel filtration, revealed one major and one minor binding peak with apparent molecular weights of 64,000 and 115,000, respectively. Two binding proteins of comparable molecular weights (i.e., 112,000 and 60,000) were also identified by covalent cross-linking of 125I-Ang II to solubilized brain membranes followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. In contrast, only the smaller molecular mass binding protein was observed when solubilized membranes were labeled with the antagonist 125I-Sar1,Ile8-Ang II prior to gel filtration, and chromatofocusing of antagonist labeled sites revealed only one peak with an isoelectric point of 6.2. The successful solubilization of these binding sites should facilitate continued investigation of Ang II receptors in the brain.
Anabolic Agents. Derivatives of 5α-Androst-1-ene (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnabolic Agents. Derivatives of 5α-Androst-1-eneR. E. COUNSELL, P. D. KLIMSTRA, and F. B. COLTONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 1, 248–253Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01048a060https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01048a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views386Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Non-conventional yeasts as hosts for heterologous protein production. (1998)

Yeasts are an attractive group of lower eukaryotic microorganisms, some of which are used in several industrial processes that include brewing, baking and the production of a variety of biochemical compounds. More recently, yeasts have been developed as host organisms for the production of foreign (heterologous) proteins. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has usually been the yeast of choice, but an increasing number of alternative non-Saccharomyces yeasts has now become accessible for modern molecular genetics techniques. Some of them exhibit certain favourable traits such as high-level secretion or very strong and tightly regulated promoters, offering significant advantages over traditional bakers' yeast. In the present work, the current status of Kluyveromyces lactis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Hansenula polymorpha and Pichia pastoris (the best-known alternative yeast systems) is reviewed. The advantages and limitations of these systems are discussed in relation to S. cerevisiae.
Vienna RNA secondary structure server (2003)

The Vienna RNA secondary structure server provides a web interface to the most frequently used functions of the Vienna RNA software package for the analysis of RNA secondary structures. It currently offers prediction of secondary structure from a single sequence, prediction of the consensus secondary structure for a set of aligned sequences and the design of sequences that will fold into a predefined structure. All three services can be accessed via the Vienna RNA web server at http://rna.tbi.univie.ac.at/.
A PCR-based platform for microRNA expression profiling studies (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are newly identified small noncoding RNA molecules that play important regulatory roles in many biological processes. Changes in miRNA expression are associated with a variety of normal physiological processes as well as with human diseases including cancer. Thus, one important way to characterize miRNA function is to identify changes in miRNA expression profiles. To date, microarrays are the most widely used technique for miRNA expression profiling analysis. However, there are major limitations when microarrays are applied to miRNA profiling studies. Here we report a new PCR-based assay platform for miRNA expression profiling analysis. The primers associated with these miRNA assays were designed using a novel bioinformatics algorithm that has incorporated many primer selection features for improved assay specificity, sensitivity, and homogeneity. The primer design algorithm has been extensively validated experimentally and has been shown to have robust performance for the measurement of miRNA expression in a variety of biological samples at a low cost.
C-JDBC: flexible database clustering middleware (2004)

Large web or e-commerce sites are frequently hosted on clusters. Successful open-source tools exist for clustering the front tiers of such sites (web servers and application servers). No comparable success has been achieved for scaling the backend databases. An expensive SMP machine is required if the database tier becomes the bottleneck. The few tools that exist for clustering databases are often database-specific and/or proprietary. Clustered JDBC (C-JDBC) addresses this problem. It is a freely available, open-source, flexible and efficient middleware for database clustering. C-JDBC presents a single virtual database to the application through the JDBC interface. It does not require any modification to JDBC-based applications. It furthermore works with any database engine that provides a JDBC driver, without modification to the database engine. The flexible architecture of C-JDBC supports large and complex database cluster architectures offering various performance, fault tolerance and availability tradeoffs. We present the design and the implementation of C-JDBC, as well as some uses of the system in various scenarios. Finally, performance measurements using a clustered implementation of the TPC-W benchmark show the efficiency and scalability of C-JDBC. 1.
Expression cloning of a cDNA encoding the bovine histamine H1 receptor. (1991)

A functional cDNA clone for the histamine H1 receptor was isolated from a cDNA library of bovine adrenal medulla by a combination of molecular cloning in an expression vector and electrophysiological assay in Xenopus oocytes. The H1 receptor cDNA encodes a protein of 491 amino acids (Mr 55,954) with seven putative transmembrane domains, illustrating the similarity to other receptors that couple with guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G protein-coupled receptors). The sequence homology between the H1 and H2 receptors is not higher than that between the histamine H1 and m1-muscarinic receptors. The cloned receptor protein expressed in COS-7 cells bound specifically to [3H]mepyramine, an H1 receptor antagonist, and this binding was displaced by H1 receptor antagonists and histamine with affinities comparable with those in membranes of bovine adrenal medulla. H1 receptor mRNA was shown to be expressed in brain and in peripheral tissues, including lung, small intestine, and adrenal medulla. This investigation discloses the molecular nature of the H1 receptor--a receptor that mediates diverse neuronal and peripheral actions of histamine and that may be of therapeutic importance in allergy.
The Triumvirate: β-Cell, Muscle, Liver: A Collusion Responsible for NIDDM (1988)

Apres l'ingestion de glucose, l'insulino-secretion du pancreas est stimulee et la combinaison de l'hyperglycemie et de l'hyperinsulinemie doit induire la captation de glucose dans les territoires splanchique (foie et tube digestif) et peripherique (muscles) et la suppression de la production hepatique du glucose. Le but de cette conference est de prouver que, bien que la perturbation du metabolisme hepatique du glucose joue un role dans le maintien de l'etat diabetique, le foie ne joue probablement pas de role majeur dans le developpement precoce de l'hyperglycemie a jeun des DNID
Diversity and origin of Desulfovibrio species: phylogenetic definition of a family (1990)

The different nutritional properties of several Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strains suggest that either the strains are misclassified or there is a high degree of phenotypic diversity within the genus Desulfovibrio. The results of partial 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA sequence determinations demonstrated that Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774 and "Desulfovibrio multispirans" are closely related to the type strain (strain Essex 6) and that strains ATCC 7757, Norway 4, and El Agheila Z are not. Therefore, these latter three strains of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans are apparently misclassified. A comparative analysis of nearly complete 16S rRNA sequences in which we used a least-squares analysis method for evolutionary distances, an unweighted pair group method, a signature analysis method, and maximum parsimony was undertaken to further investigate the phylogeny of Desulfovibrio species. The species analyzed were resolved into two branches with origins deep within the delta subdivision of the purple photosynthetic bacteria. One branch contained five deep lineages, which were represented by (i) Desulfovibrio salexigens and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans El Agheila Z; (ii) Desulfovibrio africanus; (iii) Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774, Desulfomonas pigra, and Desulfovibrio vulgaris; (iv) Desulfovibrio gigas; and (v) Desulfomicrobium baculatus (Desulfovibrio baculatus) and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Norway 4. A correlation between 16S rRNA sequence similarity and percentage of DNA relatedness showed that these five deep lineages are related at levels below the minimum genus level suggested by Johnson (in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 1, 1984). We propose that this branch should be grouped into a single family, the Desulfovibrionaceae. The other branch includes other genera of sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., Desulfobacter and Desulfococcus) and contains Desulfovibrio sapovorans and Desulfovibrio baarsii as separate, distantly related lineages.
Computer-based solutions to certain linguistic problems arising from the Romanization of Arabic names (Vols. I and II) (1993)

If the concept of personal names represents a host of linguistic issues, the Romanization of Arabic names is particularly complex. Most Arabic Romanization schemata are hybrid systems of (a) transliteration, i.e., the substitution of one Roman letter for each Arabic letter, and (b) transcription, i.e., the conversion of the source phonemes into Roman letters and extra-alphabetical symbols such as the apostrophe. The very multiplicity of systems leads to ambiguity and confusion.
The corpus under investigation in this research, called 'GDATA', contains over 100,000 Arabic names randomly selected from eighteen Arab countries, that have been Romanized without regard to any particular schema. For this reason, one Arabic name may be represented in as many as fifty different ways. This thesis is a synchronic study which examines a wide-ranging specimen of GDATA names and their variants, and tries to detect the patterns or categories of orthographic variation. It is then necessary to determine whether or not the variations discovered from the analysis of this sample apply to GDATA as a whole: can global variation patterns be extrapolated?
A computer program called STANDARD.exe has been written which attempts to standardize the spelling of a Romanized Arabic name by encoding the variations discerned in GDATA analysis. STANDARD.exe produces reasonable results, which suggests that while some aspects of the program need refinement, the program as a whole accomplishes its objective. It is concluded that further analysis be done to uncover more patterns in the variants of Romanized Arabic names, and that wherever possible, computational tools and 'intelligent' approaches such as neural networks, be deployed to that end.
Long-term results of the fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab regimen as initial therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2008)

Early results of the fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) regimen in 224 patients showed that it was highly active as initial therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In this report, we present the final results of all 300 study patients at a median follow up of 6 years. The overall response rate was 95%, with complete remission in 72%, nodular partial remission in 10%, partial remission due to cytopenia in 7%, and partial remission due to residual disease in 6%. Two patients (< 1%) died within 3 months of starting therapy. Six-year overall and failure-free survival were 77% and 51%, respectively. Median time to progression was 80 months. Pretreatment characteristics independently associated with inferior response were age 70 years or older, beta2-microglobulin twice the upper limit of normal (2N) or more, white cell count 150 x 10(9)/L or more, abnormal chromosome 17, and lactate dehydrogenase 2N or more. No pretreatment characteristic was independently associated with decreased complete remission duration. The risk of late infection was 10% and 4% for the first and second years of remission, respectively, and less than 1.5% per year for the third year onward. In a multivariate analysis of patients receiving fludarabine-based therapy at our center, FCR therapy emerged as the strongest independent determinant of survival.
Heat Shock Protein hsp70 in Patients With Axillary Lymph Node-Negative Breast Cancer: Prognostic Implications (1993)

Future studies should be performed to determine if detection of hsp70 by immunohistochemistry can be used to predict clinical outcome and to better understand the relationships between hsp70 and the effects of various treatment modalities.