gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Purification of Bovine Prothrombin and Factor X (1973)

Abstract A simple reproducible procedure has been developed for the large scale isolation of bovine factor X and prothrombin in highly purified states. Both proteins isolated by this method show a single component in four different electrophoretic systems. The specific activity of prothrombin obtained by this procedure is 1300 ± 100 NIH thrombin units per mg of prothrombin, whereas the specific activity of factor X is 90 ± 10 units of activated factor X (factor Xa) per mg of factor X, when assayed by the standard technique (Bachmann, F., Duckert, F., and Koller, F. (1958) Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 2, 24). The over-all yields of bovine prothrombin and factor X are 70 mg and 4.5 mg, respectively, per liter of starting plasma. The isolation procedure involves adsorption of factor X and prothrombin on to barium citrate, their elution from the barium citrate complex with EDTA, extensive dialysis against 0.02 m trisodium citrate and 0.9% sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate fractionation, diisopropylfluorophosphate treatment, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. DEAE-cellulose chromatography in (sodium) citrate buffer at pH 6.0 effectively and completely separates prothrombin from factor X. Factor X is then further purified by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. Both proteins are completely stable in 50% glycerol-H2O (v/v) at -20° for at least 18 months. The molecular weights of bovine prothrombin and factor X as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis are 72,000 ± 4,000 and 56,000 ± 2,000, respectively. The molecular weight of native factor X, determined by sedimentation equilibrium, is 59,000 ± 2,000. Factor X protein is composed of two chains of 44,000 and 15,500 daltons as determined by gel filtration of the reduced and S-carboxymethylated protein in 6 m guanidinium chloride. Activation of factor X by trypsin insolubilized on polyacrylamide produced a trypsin-free factor Xa(factor Xa(trypsin)) with a maximum yield of 750 ± 50 units of factor Xa per mg of factor X, which is 8 times higher than the yield obtainable by the action of Russell's viper venom (RVV) on factor X. Activation of prothrombin by factor Xa(trypsin), has been carried out under conditions in which the possibility of thrombin contamination has been eliminated. The rate of the factor Xa(trypsin) catalyzed activation of prothrombin is accelerated 50-fold in the presence of Ca2+ and 90-fold in the presence of both Ca2+ and phospholipid. However, under all conditions studied, and all types of factor Xa (factor Xa(trypsin, RVV, citrate)) used, the products of prothrombin activation are the same and electrophoretically equivalent to those described previously by this laboratory (Mann, K. G., Heldebrant, C. M., and Fass, D. N. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 6106).
DNA-Protein: Structural Interactions (1995)

Abstract Many processes in the genetic life of the cell requires the specific interaction between proteins and DNA. While DNA is normally thought of as a straight double helix, it can be distorted by bending and twisting, and these alterations are critical to a number of cellular processes. These include transcription (by which the genetic message is read), recombination (rearrangements by which new combinations of genes come about), and the repair of DNA damage. An interesting group of the proteins have the important role of recognising and manipulating DNA structure. This book draws together themes from different parts of molecular biology to bring out the importance of DNA structure in the interactions between proteins and DNA, and generates a new perspective on DNA-protein interactions.
Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on rooting and root growth of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) stem cuttings (2010)

The effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the rooting and root growth of semi-hardwood and hardwood kiwifruit stem cuttings were investigated. The PGPR used were Bacillus RC23, Paenibacillus polymyxa RC05, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Bacillus RC03, Comamonas acidovorans RC41, Bacillus megaterium RC01 and Bacillus simplex RC19. All the bacteria showed indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing capacity. Among the PGPR used, the highest rooting ratios were obtained at 47.50% for semi-hardwood stem cuttings from Bacillus RC03 and Bacillus simplex RC19 treatments and 42.50% for hardwood stem cuttings from Bacillus RC03. As well, Comamonas acidovorans RC41 inoculations indicated higher value than control treatments. The results suggest that these PGPR can be used in organic nursery material production and point to the feasibility of synthetic auxin (IBA) replacement by organic management based on PGPR.
Surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic sensor for the IR region using a conducting metal oxide film (2010)

Theoretical modeling of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fiber optic sensor with a conducting metal oxide [indium tin oxide (ITO)] as the SPR active material is proposed. The theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed sensing probe can be utilized for sensing in the IR region, where most of the gases show their absorption regime. Comparison of sensitivity predicts that an ITO-layer-coated SPR-based fiber optic sensor is about 60% more sensitive than a gold-coated fiber optic sensor. The physical reasons behind sensitivity enhancement are provided. Apart from this, various advantageous features of the ITO over the noble metals, silver and gold, are addressed.
Photodynamic Therapy in Oncology: Mechanisms and Clinical Use (1993)

In photodynamic therapy (PDT), a sensitizer, light, and oxygen are used to cause photochemically induced cell death. The mechanism of cytotoxicity involves generation of singlet oxygen and other free radicals when the light-excited sensitizer loses or accepts an electron. Although selective retention of sensitizer by malignant tissue is seen in vivo, the mechanisms for this sensitizer targeting remain unclear. The first-generation sensitizers are porphyrin based and vary in lipophilicity and hydrophilicity. Targeting of the vasculature seems to be a prominent feature of the cytotoxic effect of these sensitizers in vivo, with resulting necrosis. Treatment depth varies with the wavelength of light that activates the sensitizer used, and the second-generation sensitizers are activated at longer wavelengths, allowing for a 30% increase in treatment depths. The selectivity of targeting can be increased when the sensitizer is delivered with the use of liposomes or monoclonal antibodies specific for tumor antigens. Studies have demonstrated direct effects of PDT on immune effector cells, specifically those with lineage from macrophages or other monocytes. Clinically, this therapy has been chiefly used for palliation of endobronchial and esophageal obstruction, as well as for treatment of bladder carcinomas, skin malignancies, and brain tumors. The future of PDT rests in defining its use either as an intraoperative adjuvant to marginal surgical procedures or as a primary treatment for superficial malignancies. Phase III trials in esophageal cancer and lung cancer are in progress and will help in evaluation of whether Photofrin II, the most widely used sensitizer, can be added to the oncologic armamentarium, pending approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Rapid and Automated Cartridge-based Extraction of Leukocytes from Whole Blood for Microsatellite DNA Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis (2001)

The human genome contains microsatellite sequences, consisting of 2- to 5-bp repeats, randomly distributed among the chromosomes. These sequences, also called short tandem repeats (STRs), have been demonstrated as important markers for disease diagnostics, genetic mapping, and human identification. The list of human hereditary diseases associated with the unusual expansion or deletion of specific microsatellite loci continues to increase. The two most understood diseases of this type are the CGG repeats in fragile-X syndrome (1) and the CAG repeats in Huntington disease (2). However, other diseases, such as cancer of the colon, head, neck, gastrointestinal track, urinary bladder, liver, lung, breast, and leukocytes [white blood cells (WBCs)], have been shown to be linked to microsatellite instability (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).

The growing importance of microsatellite markers in diagnostics has motivated us to develop rapid, automated devices to integrate sample preparation, PCR, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis. The work presented here demonstrates an efficient filtration cartridge (15) to automatically process WBCs in a sample of blood for PCR amplification and CE analysis. A flow-through sample preparation procedure is used that does not require vortex-mixing, precipitation, and centrifugation, and is amenable to integration into a microfluidic circuit. TH01 , a well-characterized microsatellite locus, served as the model for this study. TH01 , a gene for human tyrosine hydroxylase, is a …
Selective regional myocardial infiltration by the percutaneous coronary venous route: A novel technique for local drug delivery (2000)

Recent advances in the treatment of heart disease, in particular cardiovascular gene therapy and therapeutic angiogenesis, highlight the need for efficient and practical local delivery methods for the heart. We assessed the feasibility of percutaneous selective coronary venous cannulation and injection as a novel approach to local myocardial drug delivery. In anesthetized swine, the coronary sinus was cannulated percutaneously and a balloon-tipped catheter advanced to the anterior interventricular vein (AIV) or middle cardiac vein (MCV). During balloon occlusion, venous injection of radiographic contrast caused regional infiltration of targeted myocardial regions. Complete AIV occlusion had no impact on LAD flow parameters. Videodensitometric analysis following venous injection showed that radiographic contrast persisted for at least 30 min. Selective regional myocardial infiltration is feasible by this approach, targeting selected myocardial beds, including the apex, anterior wall, septum, and inferoposterior wall. This novel technique has potential application for local myocardial drug or growth factor delivery. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 51:358-363, 2000.
ABC transporters involved in the transport of plant secondary metabolites (2005)

Plants produce a large number of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, quinones and many further compounds having combined structures of those groups. Physiological roles of those metabolites for plants are still under investigation, but they play, at least in part, important functions as protectants for plant bodies against herbivores and pathogens, as well as from physical stresses like ultraviolet light and heat. In order to accomplish these functions, biosyntheses and accumulation of secondary metabolites are highly regulated in a temporal and spatial manner in plant organs, where they can appropriately accumulate. In this mini‐review, I introduce the mechanism of accumulation and membrane transport of these metabolites, in particular, focusing on ATP‐binding cassette transporters involved.
Electrostatic therapy (EST) of lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis: report of 15 cases. (1994)

Fifteen patients with primary lung cancer or pulmonary metastases were treated with electrostatic therapy (EST). The patients were treated with either low voltage (200 to 1200 V), high voltage (500 to 2500 V), or high voltage together with high magnetic field. At six months after EST, tumour regression was observed in two cases, relief of symptoms, but no change in tumour size, in five cases, and no effect of EST in nine patients. In conclusion, no marked effect of EST for treatment of cancer could be observed.
Prognostic Factors in Chemotherapy-Treated Patients with HIV-Associated Plasmablastic Lymphoma (2010)

Patients with HIV-associated PBL have a poor prognosis. Prognosis is strongly associated with achieving a complete clinical response to CHOP or CHOP-like chemotherapy. The role of more intensive regimens is currently unclear. Further research is needed to improve responses using novel therapeutic agents and strategies.
Functional analysis of myeloid cell antigens (1994)

Based on their structures and homologies to other adhesion receptors, the lymphomyeloid progenitor cell antigen, CD34, the myelomonocytic cell antigen, CD33, and the mature myeloid cell surface molecule, BGPc, are candidates to mediate specific cell-extracellular matrix and/or cell-cell adhesion. This thesis describes the analysis of adhesion of the CD34, CD33 and BGPc molecules to stromal layers formed by long-term bone marrow cultures, extracellular matrix components and various cell lines. BGPc mediated homophilic aggregation of CHO cells transfected with BGPc cDNA as well as binding to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and perhaps another cell surface receptor on HL-60 cells. The CD33 and CD34 defined antigens do not appear to be involved in adhesion to stromal layers; to the extracellular matrix components fibronectin, fibrinogen, laminin, collagen I, III, IV, IX and X and hyaluronic acid; or to other cell surface receptors expressed on Raji, Daudi, MOLT4, CEM, U937, HL-60, KG1 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This work also describes the molecular cloning of a murine homologue of the human CD33 myeloid antigen. Two cDNA clones, differing by an 83 nucleotide insertion in the cytoplasmic region were isolated. The insertion generated a shift in the reading frame within the cytoplasmic tail, resulting in two mouse CD33 isoforms, m33-A and m33-B, with distinct cytoplasmic domains and with predicted protein core molecular weights of 37 kD and 45 kD, respectively. The cDNAs and deduced amino acid sequences show extensive similarity to the human CD33 sequence with the highest homology in the first and second Ig-like domains (61% amino acid identity). The most significant divergence between the human and murine proteins occurs in their cytoplasmic portions. Murine CD33 mRNAs were detected in bone marrow, spleen, thymus, brain, liver and in the multipotential progenitor cell line, A4, the myelomonocytic cell line, WEHI 3B, the myeloid cell line. M1 and the macrophage cell line, P388, by Northern analysis. The expression pattern of the murine CD33 homologue suggests that the function of CD33 antigen in haemopoiesis may be conserved between man and mouse.
TOPICAL TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS CHRONIC GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE WITH HALOFUGINONE (1999)

Halofuginone may provide a promising novel and safe therapy for cGvHD patients.
Simvastatin Increases Serum Osteocalcin Concentration in Patients Treated for Hypercholesterolaemia (2001)

Animal studies, experimental models on cell lines, and epidemiological case-control studies have all suggested the possibility that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism. However, all epidemiological studies are not prospective in nature and based on either measurement of bone mineral density or fracture risk. They also differ in recruitment criteria, definition of statin exposure, and outcome assessment. We performed a first prospective study using specific biochemical bone markers on 17 hypercholesterolaemic non-osteoporotic subjects treated with a therapeutic dose of simvastatin 20 mg daily for 4 weeks. Our results show that serum osteocalcin concentration increased significantly (p-value < 0.05) 4 weeks after therapy, whereas other bone markers including serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity, urine deoxypyridinoline, and urine cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen did not show any significant changes. Our data support that simvastatin causes a beneficial effect on bone metabolism as reflected by an increase in serum osteocalcin concentration. This added beneficial effect of statins on bone metabolism could potentially allow statins to become the first effective anabolic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis. We urge that priority should be given to a randomised controlled study to re-evaluate this group of drugs.
Amino acid sequence of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by Escherichia coli pathogenic for man. (1981)

The primary structure of a heat-stable toxin produced by a strain of Escherichia coli pathogenic for man has been established and is given below: Asn-Thr-Phe-Tyr-Cys-Cys-Glu-Leu-Cys-Cys-Tyr-Pro-Ala-Cys-Ala-Gly-Cys-Asn.
Precise engineering of targeted nanoparticles by using self-assembled biointegrated block copolymers (2008)

There has been progressively heightened interest in the development of targeted nanoparticles (NPs) for differential delivery and controlled release of drugs. Despite nearly three decades of research, approaches to reproducibly formulate targeted NPs with the optimal biophysicochemical properties have remained elusive. A central challenge has been defining the optimal interplay of parameters that confer molecular targeting, immune evasion, and drug release to overcome the physiological barriers in vivo. Here, we report a strategy for narrowly changing the biophysicochemical properties of NPs in a reproducible manner, thereby enabling systematic screening of optimally formulated drug-encapsulated targeted NPs. NPs were formulated by the self-assembly of an amphiphilic triblock copolymer composed of end-to-end linkage of poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) (PLGA), polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and the A10 aptamer (Apt), which binds to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on the surface of prostate cancer (PCa) cells, enabling, respectively, controlled drug release, "stealth" properties for immune evasion, and cell-specific targeting. Fine-tuning of NP size and drug release kinetics was further accomplished by controlling the copolymer composition. By using distinct ratios of PLGA-b-PEG-b-Apt triblock copolymer with PLGA-b-PEG diblock copolymer lacking the A10 Apt, we developed a series of targeted NPs with increasing Apt densities that inversely affected the amount of PEG exposure on NP surface and identified the narrow range of Apt density when the NPs were maximally targeted and maximally stealth, resulting in most efficient PCa cell uptake in vitro and in vivo. This approach may contribute to further development of targeted NPs as highly selective and effective therapeutic modalities.
Pseudoephedrine as a Practical Chiral Auxiliary for the Synthesis of Highly Enantiomerically Enriched Carboxylic Acids, Alcohols, Aldehydes, and Ketones (1997)

The use of pseudoephedrine as a practical chiral auxiliary for asymmetric synthesis is described in full. Both enantiomers of pseudoephedrine are inexpensive commodity chemicals and can be N-acylated in high yields to form tertiary amides. In the presence of lithium chloride, the enolates of the corresponding pseudoephedrine amides undergo highly diastereoselective alkylations with a wide range of alkyl halides to afford α-substituted products in high yields. These products can then be transformed in a single operation into highly enantiomerically enriched carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones.
Generating of rice OsCENH3-GFP transgenic plants and their genetic applications (2008)

以便调查米饭功能的着丝点， OsCENH3-GFP 妄想的基因被构造并且转变了成 indica 米饭变化， Zhongxian 3037，由 Agrobacturium 调停了。在转基因的工厂的外长的基因的集成被 PCR 并且南部的弄污证实。转基因的植物在他们的整个生活时间期间通常成长，就像 Zhongxian 3037 一样。没有重要缺点在转基因的植物的有丝分裂或成熟分裂被检测。GFP 信号和 anti-CENH3 foci 重叠在有丝分裂并且从 T-0 和 T-1 产生植物的 meiotic 房间显示 GFP 是成功地与 CENH3 熔化了， GFP 因此发信号能很好在每个染色体上代表 CENH3 地点。评估转基因的植物的适用性到另外的基因研究，在用米饭 centromeric 双人脚踏车的 situ 杂交(鱼) 的荧光探查在花粉母亲房间(PMC ) 的 zygotene 染色体上被进行的重复顺序勉强拼凑成的东西。GFP 信号与勉强拼凑成的东西鱼信号正在重叠，这被揭示了，证明那个勉强拼凑成的东西是组成米饭的关键元素之一功能的着丝点。在有丝分裂和成熟分裂期间在染色体上用 anti-alpha-tublin 抗体和 anti-PAIR2 抗体染色的 Immunofluorescent 进一步转基因的植物上演表明 OsCENH3-GFP 转基因的植物能广泛地被使用学习米饭分子的生物学，特别为在生活房间和纸巾标注功能的着丝点。
Repeatability of the Sugar-Absorption Test, Using Lactulose and Mannitol, for Measuring Intestinal Permeability for Sugars (1995)

Differential sugar-absorption tests for measuring intestinal permeability for sugars have been studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. Their use in general practice has been hampered by a lack of data on reference values and repeatability of the test and the laboratory assay. In this study, we determined the reference values of the sugar-absorption test, using lactulose and mannitol as probe molecules, for children and adults. The repeatability of the test is good; linear relationship: slope, 0.825 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.571, 1.152); intercept, 0.005 (95% CI, -0.004, 0.010). The repeatability of the laboratory assay for the sugar-absorption test is excellent; linear relationship: slope, 1.014 (95% CI, 0.870, 1.094); intercept, 0.002 (95% CI, -0.005, 0.010). The validation of the sugar-absorption test makes the test useful as a simple, noninvasive, reliable intestinal permeability test for sugars, which can be of use for clinical practice. Taking possible interfering factors into account, the sugar-absorption test can be used as a diagnostic test for enteropathy of different etiologies and evaluation of therapeutic interventions in both children and adults. Studies with the sugar-absorption test may clarify the role of intestinal permeability in the pathophysiology of a variety of gastrointestinal diseases.
Influence of Hydroxyapatite‐Coated and Growth Factor–Releasing Interference Screws on Tendon‐Bone Healing in an Ovine Model (2009)

This linkBMP-2 coating material may improve early tendon/ligament fixation.
Novel antitumor antibiotics, saptomycins. II. Isolation, physico-chemical properties and structure elucidation. (1993)

A complex of novel antitumor antibiotics related to the pluramycin-group was isolated from the fermentation of actinomycete, named Streptomyces sp. HP530. The producing strain mutated frequently. The products isolated from the parent strain were designated saptomycins A, B, C1, C2 and F, while those of the mutant were named saptomycins D, E, G and H. These structures were elucidated by several NMR spectral analyses and other spectroscopic experiments.
Adaptive Calibration of a Magnetometer Compass for a Personal Navigation System (2007)

This paper discusses experiences in estimating the heading angle from a 3axis Honeywell HMR3000 magnetometer compass. The magnetometers are used for absolute heading determination with reference to local magnetic north, where the heading is derived from the horizontal force of the magnetic field. However, any ferromagnetic materials near the sensor superimpose extra magnetic fields on the local Earth’s magnetic field. This disturbance could affect the local magnetic field intensity and eventually the heading measured by the magnetometer. To calibrate the HMR3000, an