gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Invasive fungal sinusitis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. (1993)

Invasive fungal sinusitis is becoming increasingly common in patients undergoing BMT. This study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence, presenting symptoms, diagnosis procedures, treatment and outcome of invasive fungal sinusitis. The study population comprised 423 consecutive BMT patients at Hadassah University Hospital from January 1986 to August 1992. Eleven patients (2.6%) developed invasive fungal sinusitis, 8 had underlying hematologic malignancies and 3 severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Median interval between BMT and fungal sinusitis was 22.5 days (range 2-106 days). Eight of 11 patients had protracted neutropenia (median 8 days with median neutrophil count at the time of fungal sinusitis diagnosis of 0.25 x 10(9)/l). Four patients developed GVHD before fungal sinusitis was diagnosed. Presenting symptoms were fever (100%), orbital swelling (63%), facial pain (54%) and nasal congestion (36%). In 8 patients Aspergillus species were isolated (A. flavus in 7, A. quadrilineatus in 1); in 1 patient Candida albicans was isolated and in the other 2 fungal elements were detected histologically (Fusarium and Mucor, respectively). Six of the patients underwent surgical debridement at diagnosis. Three received granulocyte transfusions. All patients received systemic amphotericin B (7 conventional and 4 amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD)). Only 2 of the 11 patients responded completely to therapy with a follow-up of 15 months. It appears that invasive fungal sinusitis is a potentially fatal complication in immunocompromised patients post-BMT. Current treatment approaches are largely ineffective and new methods of management of this serious problem are needed.
Electrochemical olefin epoxidation with manganese meso-tetraphenylporphyrin catalyst and hydrogen peroxide generation at polymer-coated electrodes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical olefin epoxidation with manganese meso-tetraphenylporphyrin catalyst and hydrogen peroxide generation at polymer-coated electrodesHiroshi Nishihara, K. Pressprich, Royce W. Murray, and James P. CollmanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 5, 1000–1006Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00330a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00330a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views714Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Patterns of expression of murine Vgr-1 and BMP-2a RNA suggest that transforming growth factor-beta-like genes coordinately regulate aspects of embryonic development. (1989)

The murine Vgr-1 (Vg-related) and BMP-2a (bone morphogenetic protein 2a) genes are members of the decapentaplegic subgroup of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) superfamily. Although genetic and biochemical studies suggest that the members of this subgroup play important roles in development, little is known about their function in mammals. Therefore, we investigated the expression of Vgr-1 and BMP-2a RNAs in embryonic, newborn, and adult tissues by in situ hybridization. Vgr-1 RNA is maternally encoded in ovarian oocytes but declines in fertilized eggs and is undectable by the two- to four-cell stage. Only low levels of transcripts are seen in blastocysts and early postimplantation stages. From mid-gestation on, Vgr-1 RNA is expressed at high levels in developing skin, especially in the suprabasal cells of the proliferating epidermis but not in the dermis or hair follicles, both of which contain TGF beta 1 and/or TGF beta 2 RNAs. In contrast, BMP-2a transcripts are seen only in the hair follicles in the cells of the hair bulb cortex. Temporally and spatially distinct patterns of BMP-2a, Vgr-1, TGF beta 1, and TGF beta 2 expression are also seen in different populations of mesenchymal cells in the developing skeletal system (cartilage and bone). Our results suggest that the coordinated expression of several members of the TGF beta superfamily is required to control the progression of specific cell types through their differentiation pathways.
TheUNIXSystem: The Evolution of theUNIXTime-sharing System (1984)

This paper presents a brief history of the early development of the UNIX™ operating system. It concentrates on the evolution of the file system, the process-control mechanism, and the idea of pipelined commands. Some attention is paid to social conditions during the development of the system. This paper is reprinted from Lecture Notes on Computer Science, No. 79, Language Design and Programming Methodology, Springer-Verlag, 1980. During the past few years, the UNIX operating system has come into wide use, so wide that its very name has become a trademark of Bell Laboratories. Its important characteristics have become known to many people. It has suffered much rewriting and tinkering since the first publication describing it in 1974, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> but few fundamental changes. However, UNIX was born in 1969 not 1974, and the account of its development makes a little-known and perhaps instructive story. This paper presents a technical and social history of the evolution of the system.
Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Nitric Oxide Synthase Related Metabolites in Single Identified Neurons (1998)

Intracellular concentrations of L-citrulline (Cit) and its metabolites are related to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, an enzyme producing the intercellular messenger NO in animal tissues including the nervous system. A capillary electrophoresis system using laser-induced fluorescence detection is described, and methods are developed to monitor the levels of L-arginine (Arg), Cit, and related molecules in identified neurons of the marine slugs, Pleurobranchaea californica and Aplysia californica. The limits of detection for Arg, Cit, L-arginino-succinate, L-ornithine, and L-arginine phosphate range from 50 amol to 17 fmol (5 nM to 17 microM in the neurons under study); these detection limits are significantly lower than actual intracellular levels of the metabolites, allowing the direct assay of single cells. The levels of NOS metabolites in individual neurons varied form 6 (Arg) and 4 mM (Cit) in putative NOS-containing neurons down to < 1 microM (undetectable) levels in many putative NOS-negative cells. The Arg/Cit ratio is independent of cell volume, correlates with NADPH-diaphorase staining, and appears to be a characteristic parameter for the presence of NOS activity in identified neurons.
An efficient, low-complexity, normalized LMS algorithm for echo cancellation (2004)

Modem teleconferencing systems contain multiple audio channels. Algorithms for acoustic echo cancellation form an integral part of these systems. They need to be computationally efficient and rapidly converging. Normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithms, because of their simple architecture and robust performance, form the backbone of the echo cancellers used in the industry. They become computationally expensive if used for echo cancellation in multi-channel systems. The algorithm proposed in this paper addresses this problem by incorporating the principle of partial updating of the filter coefficients in the NLMS algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with other adaptive algorithms for acoustic echo cancellation. It is shown that the proposed algorithm has a reduced complexity, while providing a good overall performance.
Accurate Proteome-wide Label-free Quantification by Delayed Normalization and Maximal Peptide Ratio Extraction, Termed MaxLFQ (2014)

Protein quantification without isotopic labels has been a long-standing interest in the proteomics field. However, accurate and robust proteome-wide quantification with label-free approaches remains a challenge. We developed a new intensity determination and normalization procedure called MaxLFQ that is fully compatible with any peptide or protein separation prior to LC-MS analysis. Protein abundance profiles are assembled using the maximum possible information from MS signals, given that the presence of quantifiable peptides varies from sample to sample. For a benchmark dataset with two proteomes mixed at known ratios, we accurately detected the mixing ratio over the entire protein expression range, with greater precision for abundant proteins. The significance of individual label-free quantifications was obtained via a t test approach. For a second benchmark dataset, we accurately quantify fold changes over several orders of magnitude, a task that is challenging with label-based methods. MaxLFQ is a generic label-free quantification technology that is readily applicable to many biological questions; it is compatible with standard statistical analysis workflows, and it has been validated in many and diverse biological projects. Our algorithms can handle very large experiments of 500+ samples in a manageable computing time. It is implemented in the freely available MaxQuant computational proteomics platform and works completely seamlessly at the click of a button.
Gas Frac - A New Stimulation Technique Using Liquid Gases (1972)

Abstract Gas Frac is a fracturing treatment using a new and absolutely water-free fluid system. The fluid is liquefied petroleum gas and liquid carbon dioxide mixed in such a ratio that they remain a liquid and behave as other liquids as long as they are under adequate pressure and below their critical temperature. After the fluid is heated to this temperature in the reservoir and pressure released, the liquid reverts to a gas. This results in extremely rapid clean-up and no residual fluids are left in the formation. Gas Frac was developed especially for gas well stimulation. Results to date have proved the technique to be very successful. This paper discusses the technique of Gas Frac and the materials and equipment used. analysis of results of treatments is presented. Introduction Many gas bearing reservoirs have resisted stimulation from conventional methods of liquid injection. Expected stimulation results often are totally or partially offset because of liquid retention by the reservoir. Core testing on many reservoir rocks, especially those with pore structures displaying a high surface area pore structures displaying a high surface area (pin point porosity), verifies this type of damage. Frequently, liquid retention damage was credited to water sensitivity when water, brine, or acid was used as the treating fluid. It is recognized that water sensitivity is a real problem and frequently adds to the complications problem and frequently adds to the complications associated with liquid retention. When oils were used in gas reservoirs with negative results, the problem was related to the creation of a third phase. Without becoming involved in the academic merits of classifying negative stimulation results according to the aforementioned problems, a new stimulation fluid has been created which can be useful in the prevention of liquid retention and/or water sensitivity. For these reasons, this new fluid will have widespread application in gas reservoirs and to a lesser degree will prove its value in many oil wells. The new stimulation fluid is one composed of liquefied petroleum gases and liquefied carbon dioxide in varying volumetric proportions such that the resultant liquefied gas can be used to perform hydraulic work, then allowed to perform hydraulic work, then allowed to volatilize at reservoir producing conditions.
Treating rheumatological diseases and co-morbidities with interleukin-1 blocking therapies (2015)

The inflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β orchestrate local and systemic inflammatory responses underlying a broad spectrum of diseases. Three agents for reducing IL-1 activities are currently available. Anakinra is a recombinant form of the naturally occurring IL-1 receptor antagonist. Anakinra binds to the IL-1 receptor and prevents the activity of IL-1α and IL-1β. The soluble decoy receptor rilonacept and the neutralizing mAb canakinumab block IL-1β. A mAb directed against the IL-1 receptor and a neutralizing anti-human IL-1α are in clinical trials. The availability of therapies specifically targeting IL-1 unveiled the pathological role of IL-1-mediated inflammation in a broadening list of diseases. Conditions effectively treated with agents blocking IL-1 range from classic rheumatic diseases, such as RA and gout, to autoinflammatory syndromes, such as systemic JIA and FMF. However, IL-1 antagonism is also effective against highly prevalent inflammatory diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, conditions that are frequently encountered as co-morbidities in patients with rheumatic diseases. Thereby, IL-1 inhibition has the potential to lift the burden of disease for patients with rheumatic conditions, but also to provide clinical benefits beyond the efficacy on osteoarticular manifestations.
Faceting of local droplet-etched nanoholes in AlGaAs (2018)

Nanoholes, drilled in the (001) surface of AlGaAs by local Al droplet etching, are shown to consist of faceted inner walls. The most prominent facets of the inverted pyramidlike nano-sized etch pits are the {111}A and {$1\overline{1}1$}B surfaces, which differ in their atomic surface terminations. In the [110] direction, the {111} facets change to {112} and/or {113}, which are both stepped surfaces with (111)A terraces. Etching-temperature-dependent data indicate that this facet transition seems kinetically hindered up to etch temperatures above 660 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, at which point the walls along $[1\overline{1}0]$ have already evolved completely towards {$1\overline{1}1$}B facets. The redeposited ring material outside the nanohole develops facets with indices of (115) and higher, thereby forming relatively flat structures. The facets and their indices are unraveled by a combination of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction, which is performed on an ensemble as well as on a single hole using nanodiffraction. These results imply that this nanoconfined etching process can be largely understood in a vapor-liquid-solid scheme, which includes the bulk thermodynamics in the Al-Ga-As system, the surface energies of low index facets, and their etch rates and surface terminations.
Revolution, Schmevolution: Is Social Work Changing or Not? (1984)

Journal Article Revolution, Schmevolution: Is Social Work Changing or Not? Get access Joel Fischer Joel Fischer University of Hawaii, Honolulu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 29, Issue 1, January-February 1984, Pages 71–74, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/29.1.71 Published: 01 January 1984
Function and evolution in the NGF family and its receptors (1992)

The gene family of neurotrophins includes nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4). Recently, neurotrophin-5 (NT-5), a possible mammalian homologue to NT-4 described in the frog Xenopus, has been cloned in man and rat. The neurotrophins stimulate survival and differentiation of a range of target neurons by binding to cell surface receptors. The structure of NGF has recently been clarified from crystallographic data. The similarities between the different neurotrophins are substantial with the variable regions, giving specificity to each of the family members, being localized to some exposed loop regions. Low-affinity binding (Kd of 10(-9) M) of all tested neurotrophins is mediated via a 75 K glycoprotein (LNGFR) that has been cloned and characterized. A 140 K tyrosine protein kinase encoded by the proto-oncogene trk has been found to bind NGF with high affinity (Kd of 10(-11) M) and to evoke the cellular neurotrophic responses. In addition, a protein encoded by the trk-related gene trkB has been shown to bind BDNF. Recently, a third member of the trk family, trkC, has been cloned and demonstrated to function as a high-affinity receptor for NT-3. The expression of trk and LNGFR mRNA are co-localized in the rat brain to the medial septal nucleus and the nucleus of Broca's diagonal band containing the NGF-responsive magnocellular cholinergic neurons projecting to hippocampus and cerebral cortex. In sharp contrast, the pattern of expression of trkB is widely spread in many areas of the cortex as well as lateral septum. The trkB protein might serve general functions in large areas of the cortex. Site-directed mutagenesis and expression of recombinant chimaeric neurotrophin proteins have made it possible to localize a likely region for the interaction between NGF and the LNGFR. This region could be altered, resulting in the total loss of LNGFR binding by the mutant NGF protein without affecting the binding to the trk receptor which was sufficient for the full biological activity. Cladistic analysis of likely phylogenies within the neurotrophins shows BDNF and NT-4 to be most closely related whereas NGF may be the sister group to NT-3, BDNF, and NT-4. Neurotrophins offer obvious clinical possibilities for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Glutamine protects isolated rat heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (2006)

A number of reports have demonstrated that glutamine protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, the mechanisms underlying this protection have yet to be fully elucidated. Glutamine: fructose‐6‐phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) regulates the entry of glucose into the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and recent studies have shown that activation of this pathway is cardioprotective. Since glutamine is essential for GFAT activity the goal of this study was to determine whether the cardioprotective effects of glutamine was due to increased flux through the HBP and elevated levels of O ‐linked N‐acetyl‐glucosamine ( O ‐GlcNAc) on proteins. Hearts from male rats were isolated and perfused with Krebs‐Henseleit buffer containing 5mM glucose and global, no‐flow ischemia was induced for 20min followed by 60 min reperfusion.30 min pre‐treatment with 5 mM glutamine significantly improved functional recovery (RPP = 15.6±5.7% Vs. 59.4±6.1%; p&lt;0.05) and decreased cardiac Troponin I release (25.4±3.0 Vs. 4.7±1.9; p&lt;0.05) during reperfusion. This protection was associated with a significant increase in the levels of UDP‐GlcNAc, protein O‐GlcNAc and ATP. Pre‐treatment with 80μM azaserine, an inhibitor of GFAT, completely reversed the protection seen with glutamine and prevented the increase in UDP‐GlcNAc and protein O‐GlcNAc.O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) catalyzes the formation of O‐GlcNAc and inhibition of OGT with 5mM alloxan, also reversed the protection associated with glutamine. These data support the hypothesis that glutamine cardioprotection is due, at least in part, to enhanced flux through the HBP and increased protein O‐GlcNAc levels. This study was supported by NIH grant HL076165.
Principles of cell and molecular biology (1995)

I. Background Concepts. 1. Prologue: Cells and Their Molecules. 2. Energy and Enzymes. 3. The Flow of Genetic Information. 4. Experimental Approaches for Studying Cells. II. Cell Organization. 5. Membranes and Membrane Transport. 6. The Cell Surface and Cellular Communication. 7. Cytoplasmic Membranes and Intracellular Traffic. 8. Mitochondria and the Capturing of Energy Derived from Food. 9. Chloroplasts and the Capturing of Energ, Derived from Sunlight. 10. The Nucleus and Transcription of Genetic Information. 11. The Ribosome and Translation of Genetic Information. 12. Cell Cycles and Cell Division. 13. The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility. III. Formation of Specialized Cells. 15. Gametes, Fertilization, and Early Development. 16. Lymphocytes and the Immune Response. 17. Neurons and Synaptic Signaling. 18. Cancer Cells and Growth Control. Glossary. Credits. Index.
Ultrasonic technique for extracting nanofibers from nature materials (2007)

This letter reports a simple and versatile approach for extracting bionanofibers from natural materials using the ultrasonic technique. Bionanofibers have been fabricated from various materials, e.g., spider and silkworm silks, chitin fibers, collagen, cotton, bamboo, and ramee and hemp fibers. The obtained nanofibers have uniform diameters in the range of 25–120nm and possess the optimized hierarchical structures and superior properties of natural materials which have formed after the evolution of many millions of years. This methodology might be valuable to provide a convenient, versatile, and environmentally benign fabrication method for producing bionanofibers at an industrial scale.
Application of virtual reality force feedback haptic device for oral implant surgery (2006)

A novel support system for implant surgery was tried out, which involves manipulating a three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography (CT) image of a jawbone with a virtual reality force feedback haptic device. Through this virtual system, the haptic experience of bone drilling with vibration and the sound of the contra-angle handpiece could be realized. It is expected to be useful for training inexperienced dentists and educating dental students. The simulation of oral implant insertion was also focused on. A simple cylindrical implant model was inserted into a 3-D image of the jawbone by operating the haptic device, with consideration of bone condition. A rectangular solid object that served as a bone-supported surgical template was adopted, and the shapes of the bone and the implant were subtracted from the object. In this manner, the CAD of the surgical template with impressions of the bone and the implant guide holes for insertion was realized. The surgical template was milled with a computer-controlled milling machine (CAM). Surgical template accuracy was examined with an edentulous gypsum bone model having six holes for implant insertion. Simulation of the oral implant insertion and CAD/CAM of the surgical template were conducted. The milled surgical template was fitted on the gypsum bone model, and CT images were taken. Cross-sections of the guide holes in the surgical template were imaged, and misalignment between the guide holes of the surgical template and the drilled holes on the jawbone was measured. The average misalignment is less than 0.2 mm, and it indicates that the present system is potentially applicable to oral implant surgery.