gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of the Escherichia coli Cytosine Deaminase Gene to Human Colon Carcinoma-Derived Tumors Induces Chemosensitivity to 5-Fluorocytosine (1995)

To evaluate the concept that in vivo transfer of the Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase gene will confer sensitivity of a solid tumor to the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5FC), we constructed an adenovirus vector (AdCMV.CD) carrying the cytosine deaminase gene driven by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, infected HT29 colon carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and evaluated cell growth over time. AdCMV.CD produced a functional cytosine deaminase protein in HT29 cells in vitro as evidenced by the ability of lysates from the infected cells to convert [3H]5FC to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil (5FU). The AdCMV.CD vector effectively suppressed HT29 cell growth in vitro in the presence of 5FC in a dose-dependent manner. Infection with AdCMV.CD, when as few as 10% of cells expressed the cytosine deaminase gene, was associated with a bystander effect when combined with 5FC in cell mixing studies. Further, this bystander effect was not dependent on cell-to-cell contact as demonstrated by suppression of [3H]thymidine incorporation in HT29 cells when supernatant from AdCMV.CD-infected cells treated with 5FC was transferred cells. Consistent with these in vitro observations, when AdCMV.CD was directly injected into established subcutaneous HT29 tumors in nude mice receiving 5FC, there was a four-fold reduction in tumor size at day 15 compared to controls, and a five-fold reduction at day 28. These observations suggest that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of the E. coli cytosine deaminase gene and concomitant administration of 5FC may have potential as a strategy for local control of the growth of tumor cells susceptible to 5FU.
Regulation of angiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. (2000)

Endothelial cell signal transduction mechanisms involved in angiogenesis have come into focus in cancer research when it was realized that solid tumors are dependent on neovascularization [(1)][1] . Unlike normal human endothelial cells, which are quiescent except in the reproductive organs of
Tradeoffs between rate, puncturing and orthogonality in space-time block codes (2002)

We investigate methods to improve the rate of complex modulation space-time block codes for more than two Tx antennas. For concreteness we concentrate on 4 Tx antennas, for which the maximal rate for an orthogonal space-time block code is 3/4. We devise multi-modulation schemes, which increase the rate to 7/8 or 1. In these codes, the orthogonality of QPSK modulation is sacrificed for some symbols, but the orthogonality of the underlying space-time block code is kept intact. An increase in rate leads to a decrease in performance. The same is true if the rate increase is effected by sacrificing the orthogonality of the space-time block code itself. To assess the capacity enhancement due to the rate increase, space-time block codes with different rates are concatenated with turbo codes, with a puncturing scheme guaranteeing the same effective code rates for the concatenated systems. It is shown that with a constant rate for the concatenated scheme, increasing the space-time block code rate indeed improves the performance of the concatenated scheme. Also, it is shown that sacrificing the orthogonality of the space-time block code itself is more effective than sacrificing the orthogonality of the modulation.
Electroorganic reactions. 31. Quinonemethide radical anions and dianions. Their cathodic generation and reactivity (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectroorganic reactions. 31. Quinonemethide radical anions and dianions. Their cathodic generation and reactivityMarilia O. F. Goulart and James H. P. UtleyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 11, 2520–2525Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00246a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00246a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Integrating mass storage and file systems (2002)

The authors describe current and anticipated work at the Center for Information Technology Integration at the University of Michigan in developing and integrating mass storage with distributed file systems, specifically with the Andrew File System (AFS). They present a specific approach to integrating AFS with mass storage: they consider the mass store itself to be the file system, not a bag on the side of a disk-based file system. Instead of developing a back-end server to manage the movement of data files between traditional disk-based storage systems (used, in the present case, by AFS) and magnetic-tape or optical-based mass storage systems (of which AFS has little or no knowledge), the authors envision the mass store as a first-class data repository. A traditional disk-based file system serves as a very large cache of the mass store system. On top of that is another, large, high-speed memory cache. All storage other than the mass store is used exclusively for caching. In this approach, cache management policies are of fundamental importance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification and characterisation of peptide binding motifs of six autoimmune disease‐associated human leukocyte antigen‐class I molecules including HLA‐B*39:06 (2014)

Research on CD8 T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases requires a better understanding of target epitopes and the constraints placed upon these by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding restrictions, especially those that relate to predisposing alleles. We used linear trap quadrupole fourier transform (LTQ-FT) tandem mass spectrometry to identify naturally processed and presented peptides eluted from the MHC-negative myeloid leukaemia cell line K562 transfected with specific MHC class I genes. We provide information on the peptidome of HLA-B*39:06, which is associated with the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, and extend the analysis to include a further five human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles (HLA-A*02:01/-A*11:01/-A*24:02/-B*18:01/-B*38:01) studied under identical experimental conditions. We identified a total of 3095 individual peptides with a mascot score ≥40 (HLA-A*02:01 = 569 peptides, -A*11:01 = 904, A*24:02 = 257, -B*18:01 = 615, -B*38:01 = 453, -B*39:06 = 297). Peptides had a preferential length of nine amino acids and originated mainly from cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins. Eluted peptides revealed a strong binding motif with binding anchor positions at position 2 (P2) and the C-terminus (PΩ). Peptides eluted from HLA-A*02:01 showed a P2 preference for leucine (62% of total peptides have Leu at P2) and PΩ preference for valine (49%). Similar data are provided for HLA-A*11:01 (P2:Thr, 29%; PΩ:Lys, 49%), -A*24:02 (P2:Tyr, 78%; PΩ:Phe, 41%), -B*18:01 (P2:Glu, 77%; PΩ:Tyr, 32%), -B*38:01 (P2:His, 51%; PΩ:Leu, 45%) and -B*39:06 (P2:Arg/His, 24%; PΩ:Ala, 64%). This work thus gives an overview of the naturally processed and presented repertoire of several common and autoimmune disease-related HLA alleles, which may be useful in studying autoreactive CD8 T cell responses and the role of HLA in disease susceptibility.
The distortion correction of large view wide-angle lens for image mosaic based on OpenCV (2011)

For the distortion correction of wide-angle lens for image mosaic technique in the vehicle-mounted back draft image system, this paper presents a new method that applies multinomial curve fitting algorithm to calculate the distortion parameters with OpenCV software on the basis of the VC platform to finish the distortion correction on the basic of polar coordinates transform. Because the solution of distortion parameters is independent with the solution of other camera parameters, the calibration precision has been improved and the correction precision also has been raised. The method in this paper can be applied to real-time vehicle mounted back-draft image system. Finally, an example has been given in order to assess distortion correction precision, and the paper also calculates quantitatively the TV distortion of different filed view before and after correction of large view wide-angle lens, then we can observe the effect of correction by comparing the results of distortion correction.
Immunoelectron microscopic localization of neural cell adhesion molecules (L1, N-CAM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein) in regenerating adult mouse sciatic nerve. (1988)

The localization of the neural cell adhesion molecules L1, N-CAM, and the myelin-associated glycoprotein was studied by pre- and postembedding staining procedures at the light and electron microscopic levels in transected and crushed adult mouse sciatic nerve. During the first 2-6 d after transection, myelinated and nonmyelinated axons degenerated in the distal part of the proximal stump close to the transection site and over the entire length of the distal part of the transected nerve. During this time, regrowing axons were seen only in the proximal, but not in the distal nerve stump. In most cases L1 and N-CAM remained detectable at cell contacts between nonmyelinating Schwann cells and degenerating axons as long as these were still morphologically intact. Similarly, myelin-associated glycoprotein remained detectable in the periaxonal area of the degenerating myelinated axons. During and after degeneration of axons, nonmyelinating Schwann cells formed slender processes which were L1 and N-CAM positive. They resembled small-diameter axons but could be unequivocally identified as Schwann cells by chronical denervation. Unlike the nonmyelinating Schwann cells, only few myelinating ones expressed L1 and N-CAM. At the cut ends of the nerve stumps a cap developed (more at the proximal than at the distal stump) that contained S-100-negative and fibronectin-positive fibroblast-like cells. Most of these cells were N-CAM positive but always L1 negative. Growth cones and regrowing axons expressed N-CAM and L1 at contact sites with these cells. Regrowing axons of small diameter were L1 and N-CAM positive where they made contact with each other or with Schwann cells, while large-diameter axons were only poorly antigen positive or completely negative. 14 d after transection, when regrowing axons were seen in the distal part of the transected nerve, regrowing axons made L1- and N-CAM-positive contacts with Schwann cells. When contacting basement membrane, axons were rarely found to express L1 and N-CAM. Most, if not all, Schwann cells associated with degenerating myelin expressed L1 and N-CAM. In crushed nerves, the immunostaining pattern was essentially the same as in the cut nerve. During formation of myelin, the sequence of adhesion molecule expression was the same as during development: L1 disappeared and N-CAM was reduced on myelinating Schwann cells and axons after the Schwann cell process had turned approximately 1.5 loops around the axon. Myelin-associated glycoprotein then appeared both periaxonally and on the turning loops of Schwann cells in the uncompacted myelin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Volatile antimicrobials from Muscodor albus, a novel endophytic fungus (2001)

Muscodor albus is a recently described endophytic fungus obtained from small limbs of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon tree). This xylariaceaous fungus effectively inhibits and kills certain other fungi, and bacteria, by virtue of a mixture of volatile compounds that it produces. The majority of these compounds were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and then made into an artificial mixture that mimicked the antibiotic effects of the mixture of volatile compounds given off by the fungus. Each of the five classes of volatile compounds produced by the fungus (alcohols, esters, ketones, acids and lipids) had some inhibitory effect against the test fungi and bacteria, but none was lethal. However, collectively they acted synergistically to kill a broad range of plant- and human-pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The most effective class of inhibitory compounds was the esters, of which 1-butanol, 3-methyl-, acetate was the most active biologically. This report describes the ecological implications and potential practical benefits of the 'mycofumigation' effects of M. albus.
Expression of mdr1, mrp and lrp genes in gastric carcinoma and their clinical significance (1999)

Objective: To explore the expression of mdr1, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) and lung resistance protein (LRP) genes in human gastric cancer and their clinical significance. Methods: The mdr1 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR, the MRP and LRP were detected by flow cytometry. Results: The positive rate of mdr1 mRNA was 44.4% (12/27), and the mean MRP and LRP expression were independent upon patient histologic type, nodal involvement, and TNM stage. The mdr1 mRNA expression in patients with serosa invasion was 30.0% (6/20), much lower than that without serosa invasion (85.7%). Conclusion: The multidrug resistance cells are present in primary gastric carcinomas prior to chemotherapy, and analysis of mdr1 gene, MRP, LRP may have guiding significance in the treatment of gastric carcinoma.
[Superhigh doses of dexamethasone in treatment of refractory forms of acute lymphoblast leukemia of adults]. (2003)

The program HiDexa is highly effective: overall complete remission rate reached 47%, median of complete remission duration was 10 months. Dexamethasone in high doses must be used only intravenously.
Trends in Heart Failure Incidence and Survival in a Community-Based Population (2004)

In this community-based cohort, the incidence of heart failure has not declined during 2 decades, but survival after onset of heart failure has increased overall, with less improvement among women and elderly persons.
Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Chronic Renal Failure (2004)

Sympathetic hyperactivity plays an important and distinct role in hypertension associated with chronic renal failure (CRF). Renal ischemia, elevated angiotensin II, and suppressed brain nitric oxide (NO) all stimulate sympathetic activity. Evidence is accumulating for a role of sympathetic hyperactivity in renal and cardiac damage in patients with CRF. Decreased NO availability and increased oxidative stress, characteristic in CRF patients, seem to sensitize target organs for damaging actions of sympathetic hyperactivity. Fortunately, sympatholytic agents can slow down progression of renal and cardiac dysfunction. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor antagonists suppress sympathetic activity, but complete elimination of the effect of sympathetic hyperactivity can be obtained only with specific adrenergic blockers. However, this important therapeutic option is grossly neglected, painfully illustrated by the unwillingness to treat CRF patients with beta-blockers, even if they have had a myocardial infarction. After discussion of mechanisms and effects of the sympathetic hyperactivity, a case is made for increased application of specific adrenergic blockers in patients with CRF.
Enhanced survival and neuronal differentiation of adrenal chromaffin cells cografted into the striatum with NGF-producing fibroblasts (1995)

Although adrenal medullary chromaffin cells have been used extensively for intracerebral grafting, their survival has generally been poor. Improved survival of the implanted cells has been achieved by exposing the chromaffin cells to NGF in vivo. Culture studies have shown, however, that chromaffin cells are converted into sympathetic neurons when NGF is included in the medium. The degree to which such a transdifferentiation may occur in vivo has not been determined. We assessed the effects of cografting chromaffin cells with primary fibroblasts genetically engineered to express NGF. Chromaffin cells from 10 d old rats were implanted with NGF-producing or beta-galactosidase-producing primary fibroblasts (control fibroblasts) into the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine treated adult rats of the same strain. Eight weeks postgrafting, chromaffin cells cografted with NGF-producing fibroblasts displayed many of the features of mature sympathetic neurons such as large somata, long processes, transmitter vesicles similar to those found in neurons, and positive immunolabeling for the neuronal markers neurofilament, MAP2 and SCG10. Chromaffin-derived neuron number was also significantly enhanced in the presence of NGF-producing fibroblasts. While control fibroblasts were also found to increase chromaffin cell number above that of chromaffin cells grafted alone, the control fibroblasts did not induce neuronal transdifferentiation. These results demonstrate that chromaffin cells cografted with NGF-producing fibroblasts undergo transdifferentiation in vivo and express many characteristics of mature sympathetic neurons. The consequences of this transdifferentiation on the long term survival and function of the transplanted cells in vivo remain to be clarified.
Growing tumors induce hypersensitivity to endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor (1987)

Lewis lung carcinoma and EMT6 sarcoma growing as solid tumors in mice caused a gradual increase in the susceptibility of the animals to lethal toxicity of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides [LPS]). By day 15 following inoculation of the tumors, the 50% lethal dose of LPS, which in normal mice was approximately 400 micrograms, decreased to 2 micrograms for the sarcoma-bearing mice and 0.1 microgram for the carcinoma-bearing mice. This sensitization to endotoxin was paralleled by a high sensitization to tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Human recombinant TNF given to normal mice was lethal at about 500 micrograms. It was lethal for 50% of the animals bearing EMT6 or Lewis lung carcinoma tumors in amounts of 4 and 0.01 micrograms, respectively, on day 15 following tumor inoculation. The sensitization of tumor-bearing animals to LPS and TNF was paralleled by marked granulocytosis.
Overexpression and knockout of cytokines in transgenic mice. (1994)

Cytokines are a steadily growing family of molecules which play a major role in intercellular communication. Key questions for the cytokine researcher today include 'which cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of a disease or immune response', 'when do these cytokines function' and 'which of their many activities are relevant in vivo'
Content-based indexing of image and video databases by global and shape features (1996)

Indexing and retrieval methods based on the image content are required to effectively use information from the large repositories of digital images and videos currently available. Both global (colour, texture, motion, etc.) and local (object shape, etc.) features are needed to perform a reliable content based retrieval. We present a method for automatic extraction of global image features, like colour and motion parameters, and their use for data restriction in video database querying. Further retrieval is therefore accomplished, in a restricted set of images, by shape feature (skeleton, local symmetry moments, correlation, etc.) local search. The proposed indexing methodology has been developed and tested inside JACOB, a prototypal system for content-based video database querying.
Formation and Repair of Interstrand Cross-Links in DNA (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation and Repair of Interstrand Cross-Links in DNADavid M. Noll, Tracey McGregor Mason, and Paul S. MillerView Author Information Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2, 277–301Publication Date (Web):December 22, 2005Publication History Received26 April 2005Revised11 November 2005Published online22 December 2005Published inissue 1 February 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr040478bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr040478bresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5138Altmetric-Citations400LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adducts,Genetics,Nucleic acid structure,Peptides and proteins,Recombination Get e-Alerts
In vivo electroporation: a powerful and convenient means of nonviral gene transfer to tissues of living animals (Review). (1998)

Although in vivo electroporation is currently an unfamiliar nonviral means of gene transfer, accounting for only about 1% of total studies related to in vivo gene transfer and gene therapy, it may be extensively used for experimental and therapeutic purposes in the near future. Like other nonviral methods, in vivo electroporation has a variety of advantages over viral vectors as: any types of cells and tissues in theory could become a target, handling is easy and quickly done within a matter of second, repeated administration of DNA is possible, no immunogenicity is expected, and there is no constraints on amounts and sizes of DNA to be used. Gene transfer efficiency of in vivo electroporation was found to be equivalent to or even superior to that of in vivo lipofection, gene gun and direct DNA injection methods. Although gene expression exerted is transient and foreign genes are likely to be present in an episomal form when transferred by in vivo electroporation, foreign gene products could be detected for more than 1 month depending on tissues and DNA constructs used. Gene expression generated by in vivo electroporation could be controlled to a certain extent in a tissue- or cell-specific manner, and be induced as intended. Perhaps better appraisal of in vivo electroporation as a nonviral gene transfer method should be brought forth in the future after more detailed analyses.