gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium Insertion in Carbons Containing Nanodispersed Silicon (1995)

Graphite and pregraphitic carbons are intercalation hosts commonly used in Li ion cells. Using chemical vapor deposition of benzene and of silicon‐containing precursors, we have prepared carbons containing nanodispersed silicon. The silicon resides within the unorganized regions in the pregraphitic carbons. Materials with up to 11% atomic silicon have been prepared. These materials reversibly react with lithium in electrochemical cells and the reversible specific capacity increases from , in the absence of silicon, to near as silicon is added. For silicon content <6 atomic percent, the reversible capacity increases linearly with a slope of approximately per percentage point silicon. This suggests that each silicon atom can reversibly bond with ∼1.5 lithium atoms. The increased capacity due to the silicon appears as a broad feature in the differential capacity between 0.1 and 0.6 V vs. Li metal. The large reversible capacities are maintained over many charge/discharge cycles. It is our view that the carbonaceous matrix provides a pathway for diffusion of Li to the nanodispersed silicon atoms, while it can still intercalate a substantial amount of lithium. Nanodispersions of other lithium alloying atoms in carbon probably can be prepared.
Differentiating between Memory and Effector Cd8 T Cells by Altered Expression of Cell Surface O-Glycans (2000)

Currently there are few reliable cell surface markers that can clearly discriminate effector from memory T cells. To determine if there are changes in O-glycosylation between these two cell types, we analyzed virus-specific CD8 T cells at various time points after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection of mice. Antigen-specific CD8 T cells were identified using major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers, and glycosylation changes were monitored with a monoclonal antibody (1B11) that recognizes O-glycans on mucin-type glycoproteins. We observed a striking upregulation of a specific cell surface O-glycan epitope on virus-specific CD8 T cells during the effector phase of the primary cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. This upregulation showed a strong correlation with the acquisition of effector function and was downregulated on memory CD8 T cells. Upon reinfection, there was again increased expression of this specific O-glycan epitope on secondary CTL effectors, followed once more by decreased expression on memory cells. Thus, this study identifies a new cell surface marker to distinguish between effector and memory CD8 T cells. This marker can be used to isolate pure populations of effector CTLs and also to determine the proportion of memory CD8 T cells that are recruited into the secondary response upon reencounter with antigen. This latter information will be of value in optimizing immunization strategies for boosting CD8 T cell responses.
The addition of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchor to a soluble form of Neutral Endopeptidase re-establishes its apical targeting in LLC-PK1 cells (1996)

Conference Article| May 01 1996 The addition of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchor to a soluble form of Neutral Endopeptidase re-establishes its apical targeting in LLC-PK1 cells STEVEN HOWELL; STEVEN HOWELL * Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CHRISTIAN LANCTÔT; CHRISTIAN LANCTÔT 1Département de biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, PQ, H3C 3J7, Canada Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar FRANÇOISE CAILLER; FRANÇOISE CAILLER 1Département de biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, PQ, H3C 3J7, Canada Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PHILIPPE CRINE PHILIPPE CRINE 1Département de biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, PQ, H3C 3J7, Canada Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (2): 185S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024185s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation STEVEN HOWELL, CHRISTIAN LANCTÔT, FRANÇOISE CAILLER, PHILIPPE CRINE; The addition of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchor to a soluble form of Neutral Endopeptidase re-establishes its apical targeting in LLC-PK1 cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1996; 24 (2): 185S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024185s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: GPI, glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol, GPI-NEP, GPI anchored form of NEP, NEP, neutral endopeptidase, PI-PLC; phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, sNEP, soluble form of NEP This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Plastic lab-on-a-chip for fluorescence excitation with integrated organic semiconductor lasers (2011)

Laser light excitation of fluorescent markers offers highly sensitive and specific analysis for bio-medical or chemical analysis. To profit from these advantages for applications in the field or at the point-of-care, a plastic lab-on-a-chip with integrated organic semiconductor lasers is presented here. First order distributed feedback lasers based on the organic semiconductor tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) doped with the laser dye 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyril)-4H-pyrane (DCM), deep ultraviolet induced waveguides, and a nanostructured microfluidic channel are integrated into a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrate. A simple and parallel fabrication process is used comprising thermal imprint, DUV exposure, evaporation of the laser material, and sealing by thermal bonding. The excitation of two fluorescent marker model systems including labeled antibodies with light emitted by integrated lasers is demonstrated.
Characterization of saccharide-CRM197 conjugate vaccines. (2000)

A seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate and a Group C Meningococcal conjugate are at the late stage of development. Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of these vaccines and licensure of these vaccines will be approved in the near future. Several new techniques have been proposed for characterizing polysaccharide-protein conjugates and their production intermediates. We are evaluating some of these new techniques, particularly NMR and MALLS, to determine whether or not they provide useful information for conjugate production. In the production of polysaccharide protein conjugates, the degree of saccharide activation, location of activation site, and the molecular weight of activated saccharides may typically be determined. In our evaluation, techniques such as NMR and MALLS may have a limited applicability for testing polysaccharides and activated saccharides.
Study on Clothing Industry Present Condition and Structure Adjustment (2009)

With the financial crisis, the textile and garment industry is under multiple pressures both at home and abroad. To speed up the adjustment of product structure has become the most urgent problem in clothing industry. This paper points out the problems of structure in clothing industry through the analysis of profit and the development trend of production. Clothing industry is entering a critical period of structural adjustment. Therefore, the paper points out some adapt measures to adjust the structure of clothing industry in different angles.
Novel color palettization scheme for preserving important colors (2003)

Color palettization is the process that converts an input color image having a large set of possible colors to an output color image having a reduced set of palette colors. For example, a typical input 24-bit input image has possibly millions of colors, whereas a typical color palette has only 256 colors. It is desirable to determine the set of palette colors based on the distribution of colors in the input image. Furthermore, it is also desirable to preserve important colors such as human skin tones in the palettized image. We propose a novel scheme to accomplish these goals through supplementing the distribution of input colors by a distribution of selected important colors. In particular, skin color supplementation is achieved by appending to the input image skin tone patches generated from statistical sampling of the skin color probability density function. A major advantage of this scheme is that explicit skin detection, which can be error-prone and time consuming is avoided. In addition, this scheme can be used with any color palettization algorithms. Subjective evaluation has shown the efficacy of this scheme.
Compiling generics through user-directed type specialization (2009)

Compilation of polymorphic code through type erasure gives compact code but performance on primitive types is significantly hurt. Full specialization gives good performance, but at the cost of increased code size and compilation time. Instead we propose a mixed approach, which allows the programmer to decide what code to specialize. Our approach supports separate compilation, allows mixing of specialized and generic code, and gives very good results in practice.
Dietary α-lipoic acid supplementation lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (2000)

Dietary alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in SHRs lowered the systolic blood pressure, cytosolic [Ca2+]i, blood glucose and insulin levels, and tissue aldehyde conjugates, and attenuated adverse renal vascular changes.
Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition (2001)

This review concentrates on advances in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) structure, function and inhibition made in the last seven years, during which time substantial advances have been made in our understanding of this enzyme family. There is now information on the enzyme structure at all levels from primary (amino acid sequence) to quaternary (dimerization, association with other proteins) structure. The crystal structures of the oxygenase domains of inducible NOS (iNOS) and vascular endothelial NOS (eNOS) allow us to interpret other information in the context of this important part of the enzyme, with its binding sites for iron protoporphyrin IX (haem), biopterin, l-arginine, and the many inhibitors which interact with them. The exact nature of the NOS reaction, its mechanism and its products continue to be sources of controversy. The role of the biopterin cofactor is now becoming clearer, with emerging data implicating one-electron redox cycling as well as the multiple allosteric effects on enzyme activity. Regulation of the NOSs has been described at all levels from gene transcription to covalent modification and allosteric regulation of the enzyme itself. A wide range of NOS inhibitors have been discussed, interacting with the enzyme in diverse ways in terms of site and mechanism of inhibition, time-dependence and selectivity for individual isoforms, although there are many pitfalls and misunderstandings of these aspects. Highly selective inhibitors of iNOS versus eNOS and neuronal NOS have been identified and some of these have potential in the treatment of a range of inflammatory and other conditions in which iNOS has been implicated.
Efficient Electrochromic Devices Made from 3D Nanotubular Gyroid Networks (2012)

Ion intercalation processes into metal oxide porous materials benefit from a high surface-to-volume ratio, while electronic charge transport requires a continuous network morphology. Detailed control over structure formation on the 10 nm length scale is therefore an effective strategy to enhance performance in electrochromic devices, supercapacitors, and batteries. Here we demonstrate the transformation of nickel patterned in a three-dimensional, highly interconnected, periodic nanomorphology into a self-supporting nickel oxide array with hollow struts. The oxidation of nickel gives rise to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect, which substantially increases the surface area of the NiO gyroid framework, without sacrificing its connectivity. Applicable to a vast range of electroplatable metals, this is a versatile route to high surface area metal oxides/chalcogenides which is especially suitable for various thin film applications. Nanostructured NiO electrodes showed substantially enhanced electrochromic performance, combining fast switching speeds with high coloration contrast.
M-Type Phospholipase A 2 Receptor as Target Antigen in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (2009)

A majority of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy have antibodies against a conformation-dependent epitope in PLA(2)R. PLA(2)R is present in normal podocytes and in immune deposits in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy, indicating that PLA(2)R is a major antigen in this disease.
Modifications of allergenicity linked to food technologies. (1998)

The prevalence of food allergies (FA) has increased over the past fifteen years. The reasons suggested are changes in dietary behaviour and the evolution of food technologies. New cases of FA have been described with chayote, rambutan, arguta, pumpkin seeds, custard apple, and with mycoproteins from Fusarium.... Additives using food proteins are at high risk: caseinates, lysozyme, cochineal red, papaïn, alpha-amylase, lactase etc. Heating can reduce allergenicity or create neo-allergens, as well as storage, inducing the synthesis of allergenic stress or PR proteins. Aeroallergens (miles, moulds) contaminate foods and can induce allergic reactions. Involuntary contamination by peanut proteins on production lines is a problem which is not yet solved. Genetically modified plants are at risk of allergenicity, requiring methodological steps of investigations: the comparison of the amino-acid sequence of the transferred protein with the sequence of known allergens, the evaluation of thermo degradability and of the denaturation by pepsin and trypsin are required, as well as the study with sera from patients allergic to the plant producing the gene. The combination of enzymatic hydrolysis, heating, or the development of genetically modified plants may offer new alternatives towards hypoallergenic foods (57 references).
Injection of detergent‐denatured ovalbumin primes murine class I‐restricted cytotoxic T cells in vivo (1994)

Complex adjuvant formulations have been used to introduce soluble protein antigens into the "endogenous" processing pathway and hence to elicit specific, major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. We tested if simple modifications of a model protein antigen, i.e. ovalbumin (OVA), can render it immunogenic for murine class I-restricted CTL when injected into mice in soluble form. Injection of 1-100 micrograms native OVA into C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice did not stimulate a class I-restricted CTL response. In contrast, immunization of mice with 0.5 to 10 micrograms sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)- or deoxycholate (DOC)-denatured OVA efficiently primed CD8+ CTL specific for the well-characterized Kb-restricted OVA257-264 epitope. Gel-purified SDS-denatured OVA devoid of protein fragments and excess detergent efficiently stimulated a specific CTL response in vivo. OVA preparations denatured by heat or urea treatment were not immunogenic for murine CTL. Injection of non-treated or detergent-treated, antigenic OVA257-264 peptide into mice did not elicit a CTL response. Thus, denaturation of OVA by simple detergents such as SDS or DOC dramatically enhances its immunogenicity for class I-restricted CTL but not all modes of denaturation are equally effective.
Human Islet Isolation for Autologous Transplantation: Comparison of Yield and Function Using SERVA/Nordmark Versus Roche Enzymes (2009)

Islet autotransplantation (IAT) is used to preserve as much insulin-secretory capacity as possible in patients undergoing total pancreatectomy for painful chronic pancreatitis. The enzyme used to dissociate the pancreas is a critical determinant of islet yield, which is correlated with posttransplant function. Here, we present our experience with IAT procedures to compare islet product data using the new enzyme SERVA/Nordmark (SN group; n = 46) with the standard enzyme Liberase-HI (LH group; n = 40). Total islet yields (mean +/- standard deviation; 216,417 +/- 79,278 islet equivalent [IEQ] in the LH group; 227,958 +/- 58,544 IEQ in the SN group; p = 0.67) were similar. However, the percentage of embedded islets is higher in the SN group compared to the LH group. Significant differences were found in pancreas digestion time, dilution time, and digested pancreas weight between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed the two groups differed in portal venous pressure changes. The incidence of graft function and insulin independence was not different between the two groups. The SN and LH enzymes are associated with similar outcomes for IAT. Further optimization of the collagenase/neutral protease ratio is necessary to reduce the number of embedded islets obtained when using the SN enzyme.
Injection Locking and Phase Control of Spin Transfer Nano-oscillators (2005)

We have directly measured phase locking of spin transfer oscillators to an injected ac current. The oscillators lock to signals up to several hundred megahertz away from their natural oscillation frequencies, depending on the relative strength of the input. As the dc current varies over the locking range, time-domain measurements show that the phase of the spin transfer oscillations varies over a range of approximately +/-90 degrees relative to the input. This is in good agreement with general theoretical analysis of injection locking of nonlinear oscillators.
BET bromodomain inhibition suppresses graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice (2015)

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the major obstacle of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) protein inhibitors selectively block acetyl-binding pockets of the bromodomains and modulate histone acetylation. Here, we report that inhibition of BET bromodomain (BRD) proteins with I-BET151 alters cytokine expression in dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, including surface costimulatory molecules, in vitro and in vivo cytokine secretion, and expansion. Mechanistic studies with I-BET151 and JQ1, another inhibitor, demonstrate that these effects could be from disruption of association between BRD4 and acetyl-310 RelA of nuclear factor kappa B. Short-term administration early during BMT reduced GVHD severity and improved mortality in two different allogeneic BMT models but retained sufficient graft-versus-tumor effect. Thus inhibiting BRD proteins may serve as a novel approach for preventing GVHD.
Reversing the Effects of Formalin Fixation with Citraconic Anhydride and Heat: A Universal Antigen Retrieval Method (2005)

Formalin is a commonly used fixative for tissue preservation in pathology laboratories. A major adverse effect of this fixative is the concealing of tissue antigens by protein cross-linking. To achieve a universal antigen retrieval method for immunohistochemistry under a constant condition, we developed a new method in which the effects of formalin fixation were reversed with citraconic anhydride (a reversible protein cross-linking agent) plus heating. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from various organs were examined for immunohistochemical localization of a wide variety of antigens. Deparaffinized tissue sections were placed in an electric kitchen pot containing 0.05% citraconic anhydride solution, pH 7.4, and the pot was set at "keep warm" temperature mode of 98C for 45 min. This mode allowed heating the sections at a constant temperature. The sections were then washed in buffer solution and immunostained using a labeled streptavidin-biotin method using an automated stainer. In general, formalin-fixed tissues demonstrated specific immunostainings comparable to that in fresh frozen tissues and significantly more enhanced than after conventional antigen retrieval methods. In particular, even difficult-to-detect antigens such as CD4, cyclin D1, granzyme beta, bcl-6, CD25, and lambda chain revealed distinct immunostainings. Different classes of antigens such as cellular markers and receptors, as well as cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, consistently produced enhanced reactions. This method provides efficient antigen retrieval for successful immunostaining of a wide variety of antigens under an optimized condition. It also allows standardization of immunohistochemistry for formalin-fixed tissues in pathology laboratories, eliminating inter-laboratory discrepancies in results for accurate clinical and research studies.
Effective rescue of dystrophin improves cardiac function in dystrophin-deficient mice by a modified morpholino oligomer (2008)

Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated exon skipping is able to correct out-of-frame mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and restore truncated yet functional dystrophins. However, its application is limited by low potency and inefficiency in systemic delivery, especially failure to restore dystrophin in heart. Here, we conjugate a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer with a designed cell-penetrating peptide (PPMO) targeting a mutated dystrophin exon. Systemic delivery of the novel PPMO restores dystrophin to almost normal levels in the cardiac and skeletal muscles in dystrophic mdx mouse. This leads to increase in muscle strength and prevents cardiac pump failure induced by dobutamine stress in vivo. Muscle pathology and function continue to improve during the 12-week course of biweekly treatment, with significant reduction in levels of serum creatine kinase. The high degree of potency of the oligomer in targeting all muscles and the lack of detectable toxicity and immune response support the feasibility of testing the novel oligomer in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients.
New Trends in Migraine Pharmacology: Targeting Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide (CGRP) With Monoclonal Antibodies (2019)

Migraine is a common neurologic disorder characterized by attacks consisting of unilateral, throbbing headache accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea which remarkably reduces the patients' quality of life. Not migraine-specific non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective in patients affected by mild episodic migraine whilst in moderate or severe episodic migraine and in chronic migraineurs triptans and preventative therapies are needed. Since these treatments are endowed with serious side effects and have limited effectiveness new pharmacological approaches have been investigated. The demonstrated pivotal role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has fostered the development of CGRP antagonists, unfortunately endowed with liver toxicity, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) toward circulating CGRP released during migraine attack or targeting its receptor. Currently, four mAbs, eptinezumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab for CGRP and erenumab for CGRP canonical receptor, have been studied in clinical trials for episodic and chronic migraine. Apart from the proven effectiveness, these antibodies have resulted well tolerated and could improve the compliance of the patients due to their long half-lives allowing less frequent administrations. This study aims at investigating the still poorly clear pathogenesis of migraine and the potential role of anti-CGRP mAbs in the scenario of prophylaxis of migraine.