gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Classification of Amyloidosis in Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Aspiration Specimens Using Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics (2008)

Abstract Abdominal subcutaneous fat aspiration is one of the most practical, sensitive and specific methods for the diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis. One limitation of this method, compared to more invasive tissue biopsy based approaches, remains the technical difficulties in further classification of the amyloidosis as commonly used methods, such as immunohistochemistry, are not readily applicable to fat aspiration specimens. To overcome these difficulties we developed a method using nano-flow liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) that could identify amyloid subtypes in freshly obtained Congo Red positive fat aspirate specimens with great accuracy. Abdominal subcutaneous fat aspirate specimens were obtained from 73 patients with clinical suspicion for systemic amyloidosis. One half of the specimen was stained with Congo red and used for diagnosis of amyloidosis and the other half was processed and enzyme digested for LC-MS/MS analysis. The resulting LC-MS/MS data was correlated to theoretical fragmentation patterns of tryptic peptide sequences from the Swissprot database using Scaffold (Mascot, Sequest, and X!Tandem search algorithms). Peptide identifications were accepted if they could be established at greater than 90.0% probability and protein identifications were accepted if they could be established at greater than 90.0% probability and contain at least 2 identified spectra. The identified proteins were subsequently examined for the presence or absence of amyloid related peptides. Of the 73 cases studied, 41 were positive for Congo red consistent with systemic amyloidosis. In Congo red positive cases, LC-MS/MS peptide profiles consistent with AL-lambda (28/31), AL-kappa (6/7), and ATTR (2/3) were observed. Only one case in the Congo red negative control group (31/32) gave a kappa light chain profile which was attributed to a high level of kappa in the serum (285 mg/dL). Of the 35 out of 41 cases of systemic amyloidosis successfully classified by LC-MS/MS, additional clinical and pathology data validating the amyloid type was available. In each of these cases the MS/MS results accurately predicted the amyloid type. In conclusion, LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis of abdominal subcutaneous fat aspiration specimens involved by amyloidosis provides a highly specific (97% specificity) and sensitive (&amp;gt;85% sensitivity) method for diagnosis and classification of amyloidosis. The method is rapid and readily applicable in a clinical setting and will greatly improve the clinical management of amyloidosis patients.
Temperature dependence of the thermal expansion of GaN (2005)

The thermal expansion of hexagonal GaN bulk crystals was studied in an extended temperature range from $12\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}1025\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. The lattice parameters $a$ and $c$ were measured by high-resolution x-ray diffraction. The temperature dependence of the derived thermal expansion coefficients along the $a$ and $c$ directions could be well described over the entire temperature range within both the Debye model and the Einstein model. Debye temperatures of $(868\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and $(898\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}24)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and Einstein temperatures of $(636\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}13)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and $(662\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}18)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ were derived along the $a$ and $c$ axes, respectively, and compared to available literature values.
Alteration of cellular cytosolic calcium and chemotactic peptide binding by an inhibitor of neutrophil function (1994)

The lung is frequently exposed to particulate material that can potentially stimulate release of factors that attract polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). However, few PMN are noted in the airways of normal subjects, suggesting there is some mechanism to dampen influx of these cells. We have isolated from bronchial lavage a peptide that inhibits PMN chemotaxis to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). In the present study we examined effects of this molecule on 1) chemotaxis to other agonists, 2) FMLP-stimulated PMN superoxide production, 3) PMN calcium fluxes, and 4) binding of FMLP. Our results show that purified inhibitor attenuates PMN chemotaxis to C5a and leukotriene B4. This molecule also inhibits PMN superoxide release in response to FMLP. Exposure to this inhibitor causes an abrupt rise in cytosolic calcium concentration due to a pertussis toxin-sensitive shift of intracellular calcium and attenuates subsequent influx of extracellular calcium in response to FMLP. Binding studies demonstrate the inhibitor induces increased FMLP binding at 37 degrees C but has no effects at 4 degrees C. Inhibition of chemotaxis and increased FMLP binding mediated by this molecule are attenuated by buffering PMN calcium transients. These studies suggest an inhibitor of neutrophil function present in the bronchial environment alters PMN through effects on calcium homeostasis.
Pore‐Filling of Spiro‐OMeTAD in Solid‐State Dye Sensitized Solar Cells: Quantification, Mechanism, and Consequences for Device Performance (2009)

Abstract In this paper, the pore filling of spiro‐OMeTAD (2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis‐( N , N ‐di‐ p ‐methoxyphenylamine)9,9′‐spirobifluorene) in mesoporous TiO 2 films is quantified for the first time using XPS depth profiling and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. It is shown that spiro‐OMeTAD can penetrate the entire depth of the film, and its concentration is constant throughout the film. We determine that in a 2.5‐µm‐thick film, the volume of the pores is 60–65% filled. The pores become less filled when thicker films are used. Such filling fraction is much higher than the solution concentration because the excess solution on top of the film can act as a reservoir during the spin coating process. Lastly, we demonstrate that by using a lower spin coating speed and higher spiro‐OMeTAD solution concentration, we can increase the filling fraction and consequently the efficiency of the device.
Solventless Synthesis of Monodisperse Cu2S Nanorods, Nanodisks, and Nanoplatelets (2003)

Cu(2)S nanocrystals with disklike morphologies were synthesized by the solventless thermolysis of a copper alkylthiolate molecular precursor. The nanodisks ranged from circular to hexagonal prisms from 3 to 150 nm in diameter and 3 to 12 nm in thickness depending on the growth conditions. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed the high chalcocite (hexagonal) crystal structure oriented with the c-axis ([001] direction) orthogonal to the favored growth direction. This disk morphology is thermodynamically favored as it allows the extension of the higher energy [100] and [110] surfaces with respect to the [001] planes. The hexagonal prism morphology also appears to relate to increased C-S bond cleavage of adsorbed dodecanethiol along the more energetic [100] facets relative to [001] facets. Monodisperse Cu(2)S nanodisks self-assemble into ribbons of stacked platelets. This solventless approach provides a new technique to synthesize anisotropic metal chalcogenide nanostructures with shapes that depend on both the face-sensitive thermodynamic surface energy and the surface reactivity.
Overexpression of a hydrogenase gene inClostridium paraputrificumto enhance hydrogen gas production (2005)

A [Fe]-hydrogenase gene (hydA) was cloned from Clostridium paraputrificum M-21 in Escherichia coli using a conserved DNA sequence of clostridial hydrogenase genes amplified by PCR as the probe. The hydA gene consisted of an open reading frame of 1749 bp encoding 582 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 64,560 Da. It was ligated into a shuttle vector, pJIR751, originally constructed for Clostridium perfringens and E. coli, and expressed in C. paraputrificum. Hydrogen gas productivity of the recombinant increased up to 1.7-fold compared with the wild-type. In the recombinant, overexpression of hydA abolished lactic acid production and increased acetic acid production by over-oxidation of NADH, which is required for reduction of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in the wild-type.
The benefits of data integration: HFMA study findings. (1996)

An HFMA study of "best practices" integrated delivery systems that have integrated their clinical and financial data has found that these systems employ some common strategies--they buy rather than build their system software and they strictly adhere to industry standards for EDI and data conversion. The data integration study also shows that best practices systems are concentrating more on automating ambulatory care processes rather than their inpatient care processes and on developing comprehensive order-entry systems. Study findings were used to refine a conceptual data model that healthcare financial managers can use to implement integrated data collection activities in their organizations.
Processing of novel SiC and group III‐nitride based micro‐ and nanomechanical devices (2005)

Abstract Micromechanical 3C‐SiC‐ and AlN‐resonator beams with resonant frequencies between 20 kHz and 5 MHz have been realized. The 200 nm thin epitaxial SiC and group III‐nitrides layers were grown on silicon (100) and (111) oriented substrates, respectively. Subsequent the beams were dry‐etched by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma technique. This new developed plasma based process allows anisotropic as well as isotropic etching for all materials involved. The created freestanding resonator bars have dimensions in the µm to sub‐µm range. The operation principle based on a magneto motive actuation and a thin conductive metal layer on top of the resonator realizes the detection. We present a measurement setup for the electrical characterization of the bars and show coupled beams, to isolate the sensor signal from the excitation signal. Furthermore, we realized beams with a separate read‐out unit (capacitive) as well as resonator structures with separate actuation (piezoelectric) to solve the problems of the superimposition of actuation and detection. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Not So Fast: How Slower Utilities Regulation Can Reduce Prices and Increase Profits (2017)

Energy consumers are facing cost pressures from multiple directions. Wholesale natural gas prices have been climbing substantially from their record lows. Oil prices have only recently cooled slightly after reaching nearly $100 a barrel (WTI) earlier this year. That makes it that much more important to minimize costs to wholesale consumers of energy, and ultimately, retail buyers, wherever possible. There is little room in the energy network for unnecessary costs. But in a regulated system, profits for utilities must remain healthy, too, if we expect them to stay active in the market. But the way that government agencies regulate oil and gas pipelines in Canada, and elsewhere, appears to be increasing costs beyond where they need to be in order to fairly serve both utilities and customers. By relying on traditional rate-of-return regulation models — which calculate price-rates based on the regulated firm’s cost of capital (that is, how much it costs the company to finance its operations) — regulators, including the National Energy Board and the Alberta Utilities Commission, reward firms for over-investing in their operations, rather than reducing costs. Utilities are motivated to prolong the period in which they can earn a return on their capital, since it is one of the few opportunities they have to increase profits under the widely used rateof-return regulatory model. That results in utilities keeping assets on the books — and paying for them — longer than they might otherwise need to be. The end result is a distortion of the decisions made by regulated firms and higher prices for consumers than might occur under a different regulatory model. Regulators that take a more passive role in setting the rate of return for their client industries, however, are likely to see their idleness pay off. Firms with a freer hand to do so will seek to accelerate the depreciation of capital assets, reducing costs more quickly. The result may see end-consumers pay more in the short term, but substantially less over the long term.
Complement factor H deficiency in aged mice causes retinal abnormalities and visual dysfunction (2007)

Age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of legal blindness in westernized societies, and polymorphisms in the gene encoding complement factor H (CFH) are associated with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration in more than half of affected individuals. To investigate the relationship between complement factor H (CFH) and retinal disease, we performed functional and anatomical analysis in 2-year-old CFH-deficient (cfh(-/-)) mice. cfh(-/-) animals exhibited significantly reduced visual acuity and rod response amplitudes on electroretinography compared with age-matched controls. Retinal imaging by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy revealed an increase in autofluorescent subretinal deposits in the cfh(-/-) mice, whereas the fundus and vasculature appeared normal. Examination of tissue sections showed an accumulation of complement C3 in the neural retina of the cfh(-/-) mice, together with a decrease in electron-dense material, thinning of Bruch's membrane, changes in the cellular distribution of retinal pigment epithelial cell organelles, and disorganization of rod photoreceptor outer segments. Collectively, these data show that, in the absence of any specific exogenous challenge to the innate immune system, CFH is critically required for the long-term functional health of the retina.
Smoking, F2RL3 methylation, and prognosis in stable coronary heart disease (2012)

The results seem to indicate methylation in F2RL3 to be a potential mediator of the detrimental impact of smoking and to be strongly related to mortality among patients with stable coronary heart disease. Multidisciplinary research efforts are needed to unravel prognostic, preventive, and therapeutic potentials of these pronounced associations.
Tumor necrosis factor Characterization at the molecular, cellular and in vivo level (1991)

TNF was originally characterized as an antitumor agent and a factor cytotoxic for many malignant cells. It is now clear that it plays an important role in the defense against viral, bacterial and parasitic infections, - and in (auto-)immune responses. Natural induction of TNF is protective, but its overproduction may be detrimental and even lethal to the host. The structure of TNF and its interaction with the two types of cellular receptor are becoming better understood. TNF elicits a variety of events in different cell types. It subverts the electron transport system or the mitochondria into production of oxygen radicals, which can kill the (malignant) cells when these do not contain or produce protective enzymes. Furthermore, TNF induces a set of genes and at least part of this transcriptional activation is mediated by NF kappa B. The prospects of TNF as an antitumor drug can be improved on the one hand by agents such as LI+, which synergizes, and on the other hand by inhibitors of the systemic toxicity which do not interfere with the antitumor efficacy. Also, in tumor-bearing animals which have been rendered tolerant by administration of small doses of TNF, an effective and complete elimination of the tumors can be obtained by the combined action of TNF plus interferon.
Ortho bromination of phenols (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrtho bromination of phenolsDonald E. Pearson, Robert D. Wysong, and Charles V. BrederCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 7, 2358–2360Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01282a063https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01282a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4087Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Accelerated MPEG compression of dynamic polygonal scenes (1994)

This paper describes a methodology for using the matrix-vector multiply and scan conversion hardware present in many graphics workstations to rapidly approximate the optical flow in a scene. The optical flow is a 2-dimensional vector field describing the on-screen motion of each pixel. An application of the optical flow to MPEG compression is described which results in improved compression with minimal overhead.
Three-dimensional optical coherence tomography employing a 2-axis microelectromechanical scanning mirror (2005)

We present a three-dimensional (3-D) optical coherence tomography (OCT) system based on a dual axis microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror. The MEMS mirror provides high-speed, high resolution 2-axis scanning while occupying a very small volume with extremely low power consumption. The dimensions of the mirror are 600/spl times/600 /spl mu/m, and both axes are capable of scanning up to 30 degree angles at frequencies greater than 3 kHz with good linearity. A 3-D image set is acquired when the MEMS mirror is integrated with the fiber-based OCT system. Via 2-axis lateral scanning, combined with an axial scan, a volume (2/spl times/2/spl times/1.4 mm) image of tissue, including a cancerous region, from a hamster cheek pouch was obtained. Using a signal processing technique, image data is normally presented by 3-volume showing views at arbitrary angles and locations. The objective of this work is to show the capabilities of a 3-D OCT system utilizing a MEMS scanner as this technology can readily by applied to realize OCT beam delivery systems such as hand held scanners and endoscopic probes. A MEMS based 3-D OCT system employing a high speed, small volume scanner may have the potential to expand the application area of OCT and revolutionize areas of clinical medicine as well as medical research.
Infection of eucaryotic cells by helper-independent recombinant adenoviruses: early region 1 is not obligatory for integration of viral DNA (1984)

Recombinant viral genomes carrying a selectable drug resistance marker have been constructed by insertion of a hybrid gene for neomycin resistance into the helper-independent adenovirus vector, delta E1/X. The hybrid gene consists of sequences coding for the aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase II from Tn5, under the control of the simian virus 40 early promoter, and renders mammalian cells resistant to the neomycin analog, G-418. Most of adenovirus early region 1 is deleted from delta E1/X (nucleotides 455 to 3330), and recombinant viral genomes carry the hybrid gene in its place. The large and small XbaI fragments of delta E1/X were ligated to the hybrid gene, and the mixture was transfected into 293 cells. Single plaques were isolated and subsequently passaged in 293 cells to produce virus stocks. The recombinant viruses efficiently rendered cultured rat (Rat2) and simian (CV1) cells resistant to G-418. Cloned cell lines selected for resistance to G-418 contained viral DNA integrated into the host cell genome, demonstrating that early region 1 is not essential for integration of the viral genome. Southern transfer experiments revealed that (i) the sites of integration in the host genome were not unique; (ii) in general, transformed CV1 cell lines contained single-copy, full-length viral genomes, colinear with the infecting virus; (iii) transformed Rat2 cell lines generally contained one to several copies of full-length viral genomes integrated colinearly with the infecting viral DNA; and (iv) three of these five lines of transformed Rat2 cell lines contained tandemly repeated viral DNA sequences in which the right and left ends of the viral genome were joined to each other.
Warm-white light-emitting diodes integrated with colloidal quantum dots for high luminous efficacy and color rendering (2010)

Warm-white LEDs (WLEDs) with high spectral quality and efficiency are required for lighting applications, but current experimental performances are limited. We report on nanocrystal quantum dot (NQD) hybridized WLEDs with high performance that exhibit a high luminous efficacy of optical radiation exceeding 350lm/W(opt) and a high color rendering index close to 90 at a low correlated color temperature <3000K. These spectrally engineered WLEDs are obtained using a combination of CdSe/ZnS core/shell NQD nanophosphors integrated on blue InGaN/GaN LEDs.
Defect-Mediated Trafficking across Cell Membranes: Insights from in Silico Modeling (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTDefect-Mediated Trafficking across Cell Membranes: Insights from in Silico ModelingAndrey A. Gurtovenko*†, Jamshed Anwar‡, and Ilpo Vattulainen§∥⊥View Author Information Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Prospect 31, V.O., St. Petersburg, 199004 Russia, Computational Laboratory, Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, U.K., Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland, Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Finland, and MEMPHYS—Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Web: biosimu.org.†Russian Academy of Sciences.‡University of Bradford.§Tampere University of Technology.∥Aalto University.⊥University of Southern Denmark.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 10, 6077–6103Publication Date (Web):August 6, 2010Publication History Received4 March 2010Published online6 August 2010Published inissue 13 October 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr1000783https://doi.org/10.1021/cr1000783review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3123Altmetric-Citations161LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ions,Lipids,Membranes,Molecules,Vesicles Get e-Alerts