gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A process for making microcellular thermoplastic parts (1990)

Abstract A novel process to produce microcellular thermoplastic parts is described. This is achieved by integrating the deformation process in the foaming cycle in such a way that the cell nucleation and growth processes are effectively uncoupled from deformation. The nitrogen‐polystyrene system is studied and the relationships between the essential process parameters are established. It is experimentally shown that the pressures associated with deformation do not reduce the number of bubbles nucleated. The process synthesized is demonstrated by making a microcellular polystyrene container.
Cyclophosphamide Diminishes Inflammation and Prolongs Transgene Expression Following Delivery of Adenoviral Vectors to Mouse Liver and Lung (1996)

Immune responses to adenovirus-mediated gene transfer contribute to the problems of transient recombinant gene expression, inflammation, and difficulties with vector readministration. Activation of CD4+ T cells is required for full realization of effector function of both CD8+ T cells (i.e., cytotoxic T cells) and B cells (i.e., neutralizing antibody). We evaluate in this study the effectiveness of a short course of high-dose cyclophosphamide to block immune responses in mice administered vector into lung and liver of C57BL/6 mice. Administration of cyclophosphamide with vector directed to liver blocked activation and mobilization of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. As a result, transgene expression was prolonged, inflammation was reduced, and, at the higher doses of cyclophosphamide, formation of neutralizing antibody was prevented and the vector was successfully readministered. Similar studies in the lung demonstrated an effective blockade of T and B cell responses. In contrast to the liver, where it was easier to stabilize transgene expression than to prevent neutralizing antibody, cyclophosphamide prevented the formation of neutralizing antibodies at all doses in the lung, whereas stabilization of transgene expression was only achieved at the highest dose. These experiments begin to define the parameters by which cyclophosphamide could be used as an adjunct in gene therapy.
Novel cancer vaccine based on genes of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (2009)

Although tumors express potentially immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), cancer vaccines often fail because of inadequate antigen delivery and/or insufficient activation of innate immunity. Engineering nonpathogenic bacterial vectors to deliver TAAs of choice may provide an efficient way of presenting TAAs in an immunogenic form. In this study, we used genes of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) to construct a novel cancer vaccine in which a TAA, survivin, was fused to SseF effector protein and placed under control of SsrB, the central regulator of SPI2 gene expression. This construct uses the type III secretion system (T3SS) of Salmonella and allows preferential delivery of tumor antigen into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells for optimal immunogenicity. In a screen of a panel of attenuated strains of Salmonella, we found that a double attenuated strain of Salmonella typhimurium, MvP728 (purD/htrA), was not toxic to mice and effectively expressed and translocated survivin protein inside the cytosol of murine macrophages. We also found that a ligand for CD1d-reactive natural killer T (NKT) cells, alpha-glucuronosylceramide (GSL1), enhanced MvP728-induced interleukin-12 production in human dendritic cells and that in vivo coadministration of a NKT ligand with MvP728-Llo or MvP728-survivin enhanced effector-memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Furthermore, combined use of MvP728-survivin with GSL1 produced antitumor activity in mouse models of CT26 colon carcinoma and orthotopic DBT glioblastoma. Therefore, the use of TAA delivery via SPI-2-regulated T3SS of Salmonella and NKT ligands as adjuvants may provide a foundation for new cancer vaccines.
Survival in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension in the modern management era (2012)

Incident SSc-associated PAH remains a devastating disease even in the modern management era. Age, male gender and cardiac index were the main prognosis factors in this cohort of patients. Early detection of less severe patients should be a priority.
Effects of Meatal Care in Reduction of Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection for Elderly Patients in the ICU (2008)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of meatal care with 10% betadine or with normal saline on the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) for elderly patients with indwelling urinary catheter in the ICU. Method: A quasi experimental design with non-equivalent control group was used. The 37 patients who participated in this study were 65-year-old or older. Patients in the saline group (n=20) received meatal care with normal saline and those in the betadine group (n=17) received meatal care with 10% betadine once a day for 6 days. Urine cultures were done on the 7th day for both groups to detect UTIs. Results: No difference was observed in the incidence of urinary tract infection between the two groups, regardless of patients' gender, ability to communicate or history of operation. Conclusion: The results indicated that use of saline which is cheap and does not irritate the mucous membrane is effective in preventing UTI within the first 7 days, and can be used instead of betadine for meatal care for elderly patients with indwelling urinary catheter in the ICU.
Clonidine and related analogues. Quantitative correlations (1976)

Twenty-two structural derivatives of clonidine [2-(2,6-dichlorophenylimino)imidazolidine] have been synthesized and their main physicochemical parameters (log P, deltaRM, pKa) determined. Quantitative correlations between the peripheral alpha-mimetic action (pithed rats) and physicochemical parameters pointed out the critical role of the steric effect in the ortho positions. On the other hand, attempted quantitative correlations between physicochemical parameters and central hypotensive activity were unsuccessful. These results are discussed in the light of the postulated mechanism of action of clonidine.
Interaction of Sulfur with Well-Defined Metal and Oxide Surfaces:  Unraveling the Mysteries behind Catalyst Poisoning and Desulfurization (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTInteraction of Sulfur with Well-Defined Metal and Oxide Surfaces: Unraveling the Mysteries behind Catalyst Poisoning and DesulfurizationJosé A. Rodriguez and Jan HrbekView Author Information Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 9, 719–728Publication Date (Web):June 16, 1999Publication History Received8 December 1998Published online16 June 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar9801191https://doi.org/10.1021/ar9801191research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3421Altmetric-Citations249LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Metals,Molecules,Oxides,Sulfur Get e-Alerts
Lumped Nonlinear System Analysis with Volterra Series. (1980)

Abstract : This study investigates the application aspect of the Volterra series method to nonlinear system analysis, with special emphasis on nonlinear circuits. The contents are organized into five parts: (1) important aspects of Volterra series method; (2) characterization of multiple nonlinearity circuits (systems) using Volterra series; (3) response on nonlinear systems from Volterra series system characterization; (4) Computer-aided analysis of mildly nonlinear circuits using Volterra series; and (5) concrete examples from the application of Volterra series method to nonlinear circuit problems. Algorithms for adapting the Volterra series method for the computer-aided distortion and zero-state transient analysis of mildly nonlinear circuits are developed next. A symbolic approach is used which not only improves the computational efficiency but also provides a link to the earlier ideas on convergence, etc. An overview of the digital computer program PRANC, which uses the Volterra series method, is also given.
Size-dependent DNA Mobility in Cytoplasm and Nucleus (2000)

The diffusion of DNA in cytoplasm is thought to be an important determinant of the efficacy of gene delivery and antisense therapy. We have measured the translational diffusion of fluorescein-labeled double-stranded DNA fragments (in base pairs (bp): 21, 100, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 6000) after microinjection into cytoplasm and nucleus of HeLa cells. Diffusion was measured by spot photobleaching using a focused argon laser spot (488 nm). In aqueous solutions, diffusion coefficients of the DNA fragments in water (D(w)) decreased from 53 x 10(-8) to 0.81 x 10(-8) cm(2)/s for sizes of 21-6000 bp; D(w) was related empirically to DNA size: D(w) = 4.9 x 10(-6) cm(2)/s.[bp size](-0.72). DNA diffusion coefficients in cytoplasm (D(cyto)) were lower than D(w) and depended strongly on DNA size. D(cyto)/D(w) decreased from 0.19 for a 100-bp DNA fragment to 0.06 for a 250-bp DNA fragment and was <0.01 for >2000 bp. Diffusion of microinjected fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextrans was faster than that of comparably sized DNA fragments of 250 bp and greater. In nucleus, all DNA fragments were nearly immobile, whereas FITC dextrans of molecular size up to 580 kDa were fully mobile. These results suggest that the highly restricted diffusion of DNA fragments in nucleoplasm results from extensive binding to immobile obstacles and that the decreased lateral mobility of DNAs >250 bp in cytoplasm is because of molecular crowding. The diffusion of DNA in cytoplasm may thus be an important rate-limiting barrier in gene delivery utilizing non-viral vectors.
Role of PhoP∼P in Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Cell Wall Anionic Polymer Biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis (1998)

tagA, tagD, and tuaA operons are responsible for the synthesis of cell wall anionic polymer, teichoic acid, and teichuronic acid, respectively, in Bacillus subtilis. Under phosphate starvation conditions, teichuronic acid is synthesized while teichoic acid synthesis is inhibited. Expression of these genes is controlled by PhoP-PhoR, a two-component system. It has been proposed that Pho-P plays a key role in the activation of tuaA and the repression of tagA and tagD. In this study, we demonstrated the role of Pho-P in the switch process from teichoic acid synthesis to teichuronic acid synthesis, by using an in vitro transcription system. The results indicate that PhoP approximately P is sufficient to repress the transcription of the tagA and tagD promoters and also to activate the transcription of the tuaA promoter.
A moth pheromone brewery: production of (Z)-11-hexadecenol by heterologous co-expression of two biosynthetic genes from a noctuid moth in a yeast cell factory (2013)

This study is a first proof-of-principle that it is possible to "brew" biologically active moth pheromone components through in vitro co-expression of pheromone biosynthetic enzymes, without having to provide supplementary precursors. Substrates present in the yeast alone appear to be sufficient.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and retinoid X receptor ligands are potent inducers of differentiation and apoptosis in leukemias (2004)

Abstract The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor family that forms heterodimers with retinoid X receptor. These heterodimers bind to DNA and activate the transcription of target genes. Here, we report that the PPARγ receptor protein is expressed in primary myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and in lymphoma and myeloma cell lines. In this study, we compared the activity of several PPARγ ligands including BRL49653 (rosiglitazone), 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2, and the novel triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid on leukemia cells. Exposure to these PPARγ ligands induced apoptosis in myeloid (U937 and HL-60) and lymphoid (Su-DHL, Sup-M2, Ramos, Raji, Hodgkin's cell lines, and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia) cells. A similar exposure to these PPARγ ligands induced the differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. A combination of PPARγ ligands with a retinoid X receptor agonist (i.e., LG100268) or a retinoic acid receptor agonist (i.e., all trans-retinoic acid) enhanced differentiating and growth-inhibitory effects. 2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid induced differentiation and apoptosis with much greater potency than the other PPARγ ligands in established cell lines and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia samples. Exposure to 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid induced mitochondrial depolarization and caspase activation, which was associated with apoptosis induction. In Bcl-2-overexpressing chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, the small-molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor HA14-1 sensitized these cells to 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid–induced apoptosis. These results suggest that PPARγ ligation alone and in combination with retinoids holds promise as novel therapy for leukemias by activating the transcriptional activity of target genes that control apoptosis and differentiation in leukemias.
Elevated levels of mutation in multiple tissues of mice deficient in the DNA mismatch repair gene  Pms2 (1997)

The Pms2 gene has been implicated in hereditary colon cancer and is one of several mammalian homologs of the Escherichia coli mutL DNA mismatch repair gene. To determine the effect of Pms2 inactivation on genomic integrity in vivo, hybrid transgenic mice were constructed that carry targeted disruptions at the Pms2 loci along with a chromosomally integrated mutation reporter gene. In the absence of any mutagenic treatment, mice nullizygous for Pms2 showed a 100-fold elevation in mutation frequency in all tissues examined compared with both wild-type and heterozygous litter mates. The mutation pattern in the nullizygotes was notable for frequent 1-bp deletions and insertions within mononucleotide repeat sequences, consistent with an essential role for PMS2 in the repair of replication slippage errors. Further, the results demonstrate that high rates of mutagenesis in multiple tissues are compatible with normal development and life and are not necessarily associated with accelerated aging. Also, the finding of genetic instability in all tissues tested contrasts with the limited tissue distribution of cancers in the animals, raising important questions regarding the role of mutagenesis in carcinogenesis.
THE INFLUENCE OF SHORT-RANGE INTERACTIONS ON PROTEIN CONFORMATION, II. A MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE α-HELICAL REGIONS OF PROTEINS (1969)

On the basis of earlier energy computations, the various single peptide units in proteins were designated as helix-making or helix-breaking.(1) With the use of these designations, empirical rules for distinguishing between alpha-helical and non-alpha-helical regions of proteins have been formulated. These rules include conditions for initiation and termination of a helical segment which, when combined with changes in the designation of three peptide units, correctly identify the helical or nonhelical character of over three fourths of the individual peptide units in four proteins of known amino acid sequence and structure: myoglobin, lysozyme, tosyl-alpha-chymotrypsin, and ribonuclease-A. The model is discussed, some of its predictions are checked, and further predictions about the structure of various proteins are made.
Plasmapheresis Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1983)

Twenty-six patients with rheumatoid arthritis (average age, 57 years; average duration of disease, 11 years) who were unresponsive to antiinflammatory and slow-acting antirheumatic drug therapy were entered into a controlled, double-blind, crossover study to assess the efficacy of plasmapheresis therapy. All patients received 10 true and 10 sham aphereses as outpatients and continued to take their usual drugs. Twenty patients completed the study, and six were withdrawn--three because of poor venous access. Standard clinical and laboratory measures were assessed by personnel blinded to the therapy administered. Paired t-test analysis of seven clinical measures failed to show significant differences between the true and sham procedures (P = 0.36 to 0.96), although transient, mild improvement did occur during both cycles of apheresis, probably because of a placebo response. Significant reductions in the erythrocyte-sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor titer, and levels of hemoglobin, IgM, and C3 occurred only with true therapy (P = 0.001, 0.01, 0.03, 0.045, and 0.005, respectively). We conclude that plasmapheresis does not have clinical benefit in chronic rheumatoid arthritis, in spite of impressive laboratory changes.
Blockade of X4-Tropic HIV-1 Cellular Entry by GSK812397, a Potent Noncompetitive CXCR4 Receptor Antagonist (2009)

GSK812397 is a potent entry inhibitor of X4-tropic strains of HIV-1, as demonstrated in multiple in vitro cellular assays (e.g., in peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs] and a viral human osteosarcoma [HOS] assay, mean 50% inhibitory concentrations [IC50s]+/-standard errors of the means were 4.60+/-1.23 nM and 1.50+/-0.21 nM, respectively). The primary in vitro potency of GSK812397 was not significantly altered by the addition of serum proteins (2.55 [+/-0.12]-fold shift in the presence of human serum albumin and alpha-acid glycoprotein in the PBMC assay). Pharmacological characterization of GSK812397 in cell-based functional assays revealed it to be a noncompetitive antagonist of the CXCR4 receptor, with GSK812397 producing a concentration-dependent decrease in both an SDF-1-mediated chemotaxis and intracellular calcium release (IC50s were 0.34+/-0.01 nM and 2.41+/-0.50 nM, respectively). With respect to the antiviral activity of GSK812397, it was effective against a broad range of X4- and X4R5-utilizing clinical isolates. The potency and efficacy of GSK812397 were dependent on the individual isolate, with complete inhibition of infection observed with 24 of 30 isolates. GSK812397 did not show any detectable in vitro cytotoxicity and was highly selective for CXCR4, as determined using a wide range of receptors, enzymes, and transporters. Moreover, GSK812397 demonstrated acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability across species. The data demonstrate that GSK812397 has antiviral activity against a broad range of X4-utilizing strains of HIV-1 via a noncompetitive antagonism of the CXCR4 receptor.
Is Buspirone Effective for Panic Disorder? (1990)

Buspirone was compared with imipramine and placebo in the treatment of panic disorder in an 8-week, double-blind controlled study of 52 randomly assigned patients. The side effect profile of buspirone was less disruptive than that of imipramine. Buspirone was not significantly superior to placebo in its antipanic or anxiolytic effects in panic disorder patients.
Safety and efficacy of pulse and daily calcitriol in patients on CAPD: a randomized trial (1998)

This study demonstrates that pulse and daily calcitriol are similarly effective and safe for the treatment of mild to moderate secondary hyperparathyroidism in CAPD patients despite higher peak levels of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D with pulse therapy.
Testing of Modified Zeolite Hemostatic Dressings in a Large Animal Model of Lethal Groin Injury (2006)

The use of zeolite hemostat can control hemorrhage and dramatically reduce mortality from a lethal groin wound. Modifications of zeolite hemostat can decrease the exothermic reaction and attenuate tissue damage.
A novel three‐dimensional quantitative coronary angiography system: In‐vivo comparison with intravascular ultrasound for assessing arterial segment length (2010)

The 3D QCA software package can accurately assess the actual arterial segment length. The difference in segment lengths measured from 3D QCA and IVUS was correlated with the accumulated curvature of the segment.
Trichloroethylene Biodegradation by a Methane-Oxidizing Bacterium (1988)

Trichloroethylene (TCE), a common groundwater contaminant, is a suspected carcinogen that is highly resistant to aerobic biodegradation. An aerobic, methane-oxidizing bacterium was isolated that degrades TCE in pure culture at concentrations commonly observed in contaminated groundwater. Strain 46-1, a type I methanotrophic bacterium, degraded TCE if grown on methane or methanol, producing CO(2) and water-soluble products. Gas chromatography and C radiotracer techniques were used to determine the rate, methane dependence, and mechanism of TCE biodegradation. TCE biodegradation by strain 46-1 appears to be a cometabolic process that occurs when the organism is actively metabolizing a suitable growth substrate such as methane or methanol. It is proposed that TCE biodegradation by methanotrophs occurs by formation of TCE epoxide, which breaks down spontaneously in water to form dichloroacetic and glyoxylic acids and one-carbon products.
The First Efficient Hydroaminomethylation with Ammonia: With Dual Metal Catalysts and Two-Phase Catalysis to Primary Amines (1999)

Primary and unbranched secondary amines are obtained by the highly selective hydroaminomethylation of olefins with ammonia [Eq. (a)]. The selectivity is readily controlled with a new dual Rh/Ir catalyst in a two-phase system.
Adaptor plasmids simplify the insertion of foreign DNA into helper-independent retroviral vectors (1987)

We have previously described several helper independent vector constructions (S. Hughes and E. Kosik, Virology 136:89-99, 1984; J. Sorge and S. H. Hughes, J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 1:547-599, 1982; J. Sorge, B. Ricci, and S. Hughes, J. Virol. 48:667-675, 1983), all of which derive from Rous sarcoma virus. In this report we describe three improvements in the earlier constructions. First, the vectors have been restructured as proviruses, which considerably improves the efficiency of virus production following acute transfection. Second, a series of miniplasmids have been developed, which we call adaptors, and these miniplasmids can be used to convert virtually any DNA segment into a ClaI fragment suitable for insertion into the retroviral (or other) vectors. Adaptors have been developed that supply regions of functional significance, including a splice acceptor and an initiator ATG. Finally, the region of env defining subgroup specificity, A in the original vectors, has been substituted by the corresponding regions of subgroup B and D viruses, giving vectors with additional subgroup specificities and increased host ranges.
Construction of a high-density mutant library in soybean and development of a mutant retrieval method using amplicon sequencing (2015)

A soybean mutant library with a high mutation density was developed. A high mutation density (1 mutation/74 kb) was achieved by repeating the EMS treatment. The mutation density of our library is sufficiently high to obtain a plant in which a gene is nonsense mutated. Thus, our mutant library and the indexed amplicon sequencing will be useful for functional studies of soybean genes and have a potential to yield useful mutant alleles for soybean breeding.