gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of canine generalized demodicosis with a ‘spot‐on’ formulation containing 10% moxidectin and 2.5% imidacloprid (Advocate®, Bayer Healthcare) (2009)

In this multicentre study, the efficacy of a spot-on formulation containing 10% imidacloprid and 2.5% moxidectin (Advocate, Bayer HealthCare) was evaluated for the treatment of dogs with generalized demodicosis. The spot-on was applied every 2 weeks. Secondary bacterial infections were diagnosed by clinical examination, cytology and bacterial culture as appropriate and treated with oral antibiotics. Improvement or deterioration was determined monthly by clinical scores and by assessing mite numbers on microscopy of skin scrapings. Seventy-two dogs were included in the study. Fifty-two dogs had juvenile-onset demodicosis (mean of 11 months, range 2-24 months) and 20 dogs were adults at onset of disease (mean of 8.6 years, range 3.5-14 years). Twenty-six dogs went into remission, three with adult-onset demodicosis, 23 with juvenile-onset. The latter group showed significantly higher remission rates (P = 0.0252). Time until remission varied from 4 to 32 weeks (mean of 12.5 weeks). Dogs with a clinical score of <45 at the beginning of the study showed a significantly better response to the treatment (P = 0.0004), with a remission rate of 71%. In contrast, only 24% of those dogs with a score >45 went into remission. Adverse effects were not observed. One of the dogs responding to treatment showed recurrence of the disease during a follow-up period of 12 months. This study shows a better success rate of Advocate in dogs with mild clinical signs, versus those with moderate to severe clinical signs.
Developmental regulation and cellular distribution of human cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH1) (2004)

Human cyotsolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH1) is important in transporting NADH equivalents across the mitochondrial membrane, controlling tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle pool size and providing contractile function. Cellular localization studies indicate that MDH1 mRNA expression has a strong tissue-specific distribution, being expressed primarily in cardiac and skeletal muscle and in the brain, at intermediate levels in the spleen, kidney, intestine, liver, and testes and at low levels in lung and bone marrow. The observed MDH1 localizations reflect the role of NADH in the support of a variety of functions in different organs. These functions are primarily related to aerobic energy production for muscle contraction, neuronal signal transmission, absorption/resorption functions, collagen-supporting functions, phagocytosis of dead cells, and processes related to gas exchange and cell division. During neonatal development, MDH1 is expressed in human embryonic heart as early as the 3rd month and then is over-expressed from the 5th month until the birth. The expression of MDH1 is maintained in the adult heart but is not present in levels as high as in the fetus. Finally, over-expression of MDH1 is found in left ventricular cardiac muscle of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients when contrasted to the diseased non-DCM and normal heart muscle by in situ hybridization and Western blot. These observations are compatible with the activation of glucose oxidation in relatively hypoxic environments of fetal and hypertrophied myocardium.
Neutrophil Depletion duringToxoplasma gondiiInfection Leads to Impaired Immunity and Lethal Systemic Pathology (2001)

The immunomodulatory role of neutrophils during infection with Toxoplasma gondii was investigated. Monoclonal antibody-mediated depletion revealed that neutrophils are essential for survival during the first few days of infection. Moreover, neutrophil depletion was associated with a weaker type 1 immune response as measured by decreased levels of gamma interferon, interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha. IL-10 was also decreased in depleted animals. Additionally, splenic populations of CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, and NK1.1(+) cells were decreased in depleted mice. Neutrophil-depleted mice exhibited lesions of greater severity in tissues examined and a greater parasite burden as determined by histopathology and reverse transcription-PCR. We conclude that neutrophils are critical near the time of infection because they influence the character of the immune response and control tachyzoite replication.
HPS, a new microarchitecture: rationale and introduction (1985)

HPS (High Performance Substrate) is a new microarchitecture targeted for implementing very high performance computing engines. Our model of execution is a restriction on fine granularity data flow. This paper introduces the model, provides the rationale for its selection, and describes the data path and flow of instructions through the microengine.
Salt in the vein, good for the brain …* (2007)

Division of Trauma, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA The author has not disclosed any potential conflicts of interest.
Th1/Th2 Cells (1999)

A large body of evidence indicates the existence of functionally polarized CD4+ T-cell responses based on their profile of cytokine secretion. Type 1 T helper (Th1) cells produce interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-beta, which activate macrophages and are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and phagocyte-dependent protective responses. By contrast, type 2 Th (Th2) cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, which are responsible for strong antibody production, eosinophil activation, and inhibition of several macrophage functions, thus providing phagocyte-independent protective responses. Th1 cells mainly develop following infections by intracellular bacteria and some viruses, whereas Th2 cells predominate in response to infestations by gastrointestinal nematodes. Polarized Th1 and Th2 cells not only exhibit different functional properties, but also show the preferential expression of some activation markers and distinct transcription factors. Several mechanisms may influence the Th cell differentiation, which include the cytokine profile of "natural immunity" evoked by different offending agents, the nature of the peptide ligand, as well as the activity of some costimulatory molecules and microenvironmentally secreted hormones, in the context of the individual genetic background. In addition to playing different roles in protection, polarized Th1-type and Th2-type responses are also responsible for different types of immunopathological reactions. Th1 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune disorders, Crohn's disease, Helicobacter pylori-induced peptic ulcer, acute kidney allograft rejection, and unexplained recurrent abortions. In contrast, allergen-specific Th2 responses are responsible for atopic disorders in genetically susceptible individuals. Moreover, Th2 responses against still unknown antigens predominate in Omenn's syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and progressive systemic sclerosis. Finally, the prevalence of Th2 responses may play some role in a more rapid evolution of human immunodeficiency virus infection to the full-blown disease. The Th1/Th2 paradigm also provides the rationale for the development of new types of vaccines against infectious agents and of novel strategies for the therapy of allergic and autoimmune disorders.
Glycine protects against high sucrose and high fat-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats (2016)

We set out to explore the hypothesis that glycine attenuates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats and the possible mechanism by which is it does. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed a diet containing high fat and high sucrose (HSHF) for 24 weeks to induce NASH. Blood and liver tissues were sampled at selected time points throughout the study. Compared with control animals, the content of alanine transaminase (ALT), triglycerides (TGs), and free fatty acids (FFAs) in plasma and the TG and FFA content in the liver was increased from week 4 to 24. The level of TNFα and MCP-1 in plasma, the content of TNFα in the liver, the insulin resistance index, inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatocyte apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and endoplasmic stress-associated protein expression were unaltered at 4 weeks. However, these levels were significantly elevated in HSHF fed rats at 12 weeks. At the same time, the level of endotoxin progressively increased from 0.08 ± 0.02 endotoxin EU/ml at week 4 to 0.7 ± 0.19 EU/ml at week 24. Moreover, these rats had elevated blood endotoxin levels, which were positively associated with their NASH indexes. Liver histology progressively worsened over the course of the study. However, we found that with concomitant treatment with glycine, the level of endotoxin decreased, while NASH indexes significantly decreased and liver status markedly improved,. These data support the hypothesis that glycine protects against NASH in rats by decreasing the levels of intestinal endotoxin, alleviating endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress.
Internet-Working Satellite and Local Exchange Networks for Personal Communications Applications (1993)

The demand for personal communications services has shown unprecedented growth, and the next decade and beyond promise an era in which the needs for ubiquitous, transparent and personalized access to information will continue to expand in both scale and scope. The exchange of personalized information is growing from two-way voice to include data communications, electronic messaging and information services, image transfer, video, and interactive multimedia. The emergence of new land-based and satellite-based wireless networks illustrates the expanding scale and trend toward globalization and the need to establish new local exchange and exchange access services to meet the communications needs of people on the move. An important issue is to identify the roles that satellite networking can play in meeting these new communications needs. The unique capabilities of satellites, in providing coverage to large geographic areas, reaching widely dispersed users, for position location determination, and in offering broadcast and multicast services, can complement and extend the capabilities of terrestrial networks. As an initial step in exploring the opportunities afforded by the merger of satellite-based and land-based networks, several experiments utilizing the NASA ACTS satellite and the public switched local exchange network were undertaken to demonstrate the use of satellites in the delivery of personal communications services.
Marked Deposition of Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin in Adult Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis (2009)

Marked tissue deposition of extracellular EDN is present in the esophagus of EoE patients. Tissue eosinophil counts may underestimate how extensively eosinophils are involved, particularly in individuals with marked eosinophil degranulation. Evaluation of EDN staining in esophageal biopsy specimens may be useful to diagnose and manage patients with EoE.
10 Channel, 100Gbit/s per Channel, Dual Polarization, Coherent QPSK, Monolithic InP Receiver Photonic Integrated Circuit (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Nagarajan, D. Lambert, M. Kato, V. Lal, G. Goldfarb, J. Rahn, M. Kuntz, J. Pleumeekers, A. Dentai, H. Tsai, R. Malendevich, M. Missey, K. Wu, H. Sun, J. McNicol, J. Tang, J. Zhang, T. Butrie, A. Nilsson, M. Reffle, F. Kish, and D. Welch, "10 Channel, 100Gbit/s per Channel, Dual Polarization, Coherent QPSK, Monolithic InP Receiver Photonic Integrated Circuit," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper OML7. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Tunable Electrical Conductivity in Metal-Organic Framework Thin-Film Devices (2013)

We report a strategy for realizing tunable electrical conductivity in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in which the nanopores are infiltrated with redox-active, conjugated guest molecules. This approach is demonstrated using thin-film devices of the MOF Cu3(BTC)2 (also known as HKUST-1; BTC, benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) infiltrated with the molecule 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinododimethane (TCNQ). Tunable, air-stable electrical conductivity over six orders of magnitude is achieved, with values as high as 7 siemens per meter. Spectroscopic data and first-principles modeling suggest that the conductivity arises from TCNQ guest molecules bridging the binuclear copper paddlewheels in the framework, leading to strong electronic coupling between the dimeric Cu subunits. These ohmically conducting porous MOFs could have applications in conformal electronic devices, reconfigurable electronics, and sensors.
Functional Neuromuscular Junctions Formed by Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Motor Neurons (2012)

A key objective of stem cell biology is to create physiologically relevant cells suitable for modeling disease pathologies in vitro. Much progress towards this goal has been made in the area of motor neuron (MN) disease through the development of methods to direct spinal MN formation from both embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Previous studies have characterized these neurons with respect to their molecular and intrinsic functional properties. However, the synaptic activity of stem cell-derived MNs remains less well defined. In this study, we report the development of low-density co-culture conditions that encourage the formation of active neuromuscular synapses between stem cell-derived MNs and muscle cells in vitro. Fluorescence microscopy reveals the expression of numerous synaptic proteins at these contacts, while dual patch clamp recording detects both spontaneous and multi-quantal evoked synaptic responses similar to those observed in vivo. Together, these findings demonstrate that stem cell-derived MNs innervate muscle cells in a functionally relevant manner. This dual recording approach further offers a sensitive and quantitative assay platform to probe disorders of synaptic dysfunction associated with MN disease.
Recommendations for susceptibility tests on fastidious organisms and those requiring special handling (2001)

Fastidious organisms present problems in antimicrobial susceptibility testing related to particular cultural requirements or slow growth. Methods for commonly isolated fastidious organisms, including haemolytic streptococci, Neisseria spp. and Haemophilus spp., are included in the description of the standardized disc diffusion method. However, some further information is given here for Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria spp. Other less commonly isolated fastidious organisms are detailed and modifications of the disc diffusion method are given for Campylobacter spp. and rapidly growing anaerobes. For those organisms where disc diffusion methodology is not recommended, Brucella spp., Helicobacter pylori and Leigionella spp., MIC determinations are often needed, although disc diffusion test results may be useful as screens for resistance. Where disc diffusion can be used it is important to use the correct medium and to include appropriate controls. Methodology is also given for testing isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which are affected by both medium and temperature.
Synthesis of 5-iodo-3-indolylphosphodiesters of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine as possible chromogenic cancer chemotherapeutic agents (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 5-iodo-3-indolylphosphodiesters of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine as possible chromogenic cancer chemotherapeutic agentsKwan-Chung. Tsou, Shohei. Aoyagi, and Elizabeth Eshelman. MillerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 4, 765–768Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00298a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00298a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Marine natural products (1992)

D. J. Faulkner, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1992, 9, 323 DOI: 10.1039/NP9920900323
Determination of the sidedness of carbocyanine dye labeling of membranes (1985)

We have found that 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonate (TNBS) is an effective quencher of the fluorescence of the 1,1'-dialkyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanines (CNdiI's). This quenching appears to occur by complex formation rather than a collisional mechanism. By use of this quenching, we have studied the transbilayer asymmetry of CNdiI labeling for large unilamellar membranes of egg phosphatidylcholine and the plasma membranes of human red blood cells and of ram epididymal spermatozoa. When CNdiI is added to membranes by ethanolic injection, only the outer leaflet labels. We have further shown that in large unilamellar vesicles of egg phosphatidylcholine, the CNdiI's do not appreciably "flip-flop" to the inner leaflet for at least 4 h at temperatures between 4 and 37 degrees C.
Fabrication of Thin Film Electroluminescent Devices for Display Applications (1998)

A preliminary effort in Electroluminescent (EL) device fabrication at Rochester Institute of Technology’s Microelectronic Engineering Fabrication Facilities was attempted in this study. The fabrication of several AC driven electroluminescent devices, on silicon substrates were studied. Devices were fabricated on heavily doped p-type silicon, with tantalum pentaoxide dielectric and various phosphor materials. No working devices were fabricated in this initial attempt. However, deeper understanding of the functionality of each layer was gained.
Highly Efficient Quantum‐Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Co‐Sensitization of CdS/CdSe (2009)

Abstract Cadmium sulfide (CdS) and cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) are sequentially assembled onto a nanocrystalline TiO 2 film to prepare a CdS/CdSe co‐sensitized photoelectrode for QD‐sensitized solar cell application. The results show that CdS and CdSe QDs have a complementary effect in the light harvest and the performance of a QDs co‐sensitized solar cell is strongly dependent on the order of CdS and CdSe respected to the TiO 2 . In the cascade structure of TiO 2 /CdS/CdSe electrode, the re‐organization of energy levels between CdS and CdSe forms a stepwise structure of band‐edge levels which is advantageous to the electron injection and hole‐recovery of CdS and CdSe QDs. An energy conversion efficiency of 4.22% is achieved using a TiO 2 /CdS/CdSe/ZnS electrode, under the illumination of one sun (AM1.5,100 mW cm −2 ). This efficiency is relatively higher than other QD‐sensitized solar cells previously reported in the literature.
The study of phosphoinositide 3-kinase function. (1996)

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalyze the addition of phosphate at the 3-OH position of inositol lipids in cellular membranes. Initially identified as an enzymatic activity associated with transforming oncogenic proteins, PI3-kinases are now known to be involved in signal transduction through receptors with intrinsic or associated tyrosine kinase activity (such as sre type tyrosine kinases) and receptors linked to heterotrimeric G proteins. PI3-kinases also have a role in vesicular trafficking events. PI3-kinases form a large family of related proteins, conserved in organisms as distant as yeast and man. The exact role of their lipid products remains to be established, but the multiplicity of cellular events in which PI3-kinases are implicated, together with their conservation in evolution, indicates that they fulfil an essential role in cellular physiology.
Species differences between male rat and ram pituitary somatostatin receptors involved in the inhibition of growth hormone secretion (1997)

The sheep is a valuable model in which to study GH neuroregulation as its pattern of GH secretion is very close to that in humans. Furthermore, important differences in somatostatin (SRIH) action between rats and sheep have been found previously. Our goal was to compare in male rat and ram pituitaries the binding characteristics of somatostatin receptors and the effect of SRIH and 17 analogues on GH release. Using radioautography, SRIH binding was seen to be evenly distributed over the anterior pituitary of both species. In the binding assay, binding sites were three times more concentrated in rats than in sheep. Important interspecies differences in the action of SRIH and its analogues were found: they inhibited GH at lower concentrations in rats than in sheep. Seven peptides displayed greater inhibitory ability in sheep than in rats while three were more potent in rats. Agonistic potencies to inhibit GH release in rats were correlated with somatostatin receptors subtype 2 (sst2) affinities. Our data confirm and extend the quantitative differences between rat and sheep in SRIH inhibitory action on GH secretion and confirm that ligand-binding properties of a given receptor subtype cannot be extrapolated across species.
Isoxazolin-5-one (1971)

The reaction paths leading from ethyl propiolate to isoxazolin-5-one (II) and isoxazolin-3-one (III) are discussed and shown to be pH-dependent. The chemical and tautomeric properties of compound (II) are consistent with the known behaviour of its derivatives. The apparent dissociation constants of (II) and of its derivatives are analysed in terms of contributions from the tautomers present in aqueous medium, as ascertained from u.v. data; substitution at position 4 appears to cause a large increase in the acidic strength of Δ2-isoxazolin-5-one tautomers but to have no marked effect upon that of Δ3-isoxazolin-5-one tautomers. The tautomeric equilibria of (II) in several solvents have been studied by u.v. and n.m.r. spectroscopy and compared with the known behaviour of derivatives of (II); consistent with the findings on acidity, substitution at position 4 is shown to increase the relative stability of Δ3-structures in comparison with the corresponding Δ2-structures.
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Comparison of Oral Valacyclovir and Acyclovir in Immunocompetent Patients With Recurrent Genital Herpes Infections (1998)

Twice-daily valacyclovir was as effective and well tolerated in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection as 5-times-daily acyclovir. Therefore, valacyclovir could prove a useful alternative to acyclovir when convenience of dosing or compliance issues are the prime considerations in treatment.