gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific binding of human alpha interferon to a high affinity cell surface binding site on bovine kidney cells. (1982)

Virus-induced human alpha interferon (HuIFN-alpha) derived from Namalwa cells and purified to a specific activity of 2 X 10(8) units/mg of protein was radiolabeled with 125I-labeled Bolton and Hunter reagent to a specific activity of 4-12 microCi/micrograms of protein. The binding of this 125I-IFN to bovine kidney cells was examined at 4 degrees C. Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicate the presence of 650 binding sites/cell and binding of the ligand with an apparent Kd of 6 X 10(-11) M. Trypsin or acid treatment of cells to which 125I-IFN was bound resulted in the release of greater than or equal to 77% of the radioactivity, indicating a majority of radiolabeled material was bound to the cell surface. Antibodies against human leukocyte IFN but not antibodies against human fibroblast IFN inhibited the binding of radiolabeled IFN to the cells. The binding of 125I-IFN was not inhibited by a 75-fold molar excess of mouse IFN but was inhibited 30% by a 200-fold molar excess of human beta (fibroblast) IFN. These data are compatible with the Lower biological activities of these IFNs on bovine kidney cells. Several Escherichia coli derived HuIFN-alpha s inhibited the binding of the radiolabeled IFN to the same extent as native HuIFN-alpha s, but four fragments of HuIFN-alpha 1, an E. coli-derived 86 amino acid NH2-terminal fragment as well as 3 different synthetic carboxy-terminal fragments of 140, 56, or 46 amino acids did not inhibit binding.
Accuracy of an effective channel length/External resistance extraction algorithm for MOSFET's (1984)

The accuracy of an effective channel length/external resistance extraction algorithm for MOSFET's is assessed. This is accomplished by exercising the algorithm with current-voltage data generated by two-dimensional numerical device simulation; the extracted quantities are directly compared to their known counterparts as they exist in the cross section of the simulated device. Extracted effective channel length is found to be within 0.07 µm of the metallurgical channel length in both the conventional and LDD MOSFET's studied here. Extracted external resistance is found to be a reasonable first-order estimate of actual device resistance external to the metallurgical channel but is unable to supply proper information regarding the gate bias dependence of this quantity.
Activation of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway Attenuates Experimental Emphysema (2010)

Decreased WNT/β-catenin signaling is involved in parenchymal tissue destruction and impaired repair capacity in emphysema. These data indicate a crucial role of WNT/β-catenin signaling in lung repair mechanisms in vivo, and highlight WNT/β-catenin activation as a future therapeutic approach for emphysema.
Collagen structure and cartilage matrix integrity. (1995)

We continue to explore the molecular interactions that characterize the underlying heteropolymeric assembly of types II, IX, and XI collagen in articular cartilage. Structural studies on bovine articular cartilage reveal a high degree of specificity in the interactions of the individual alpha-chains of types IX and XI collagens. The results predict that type IX collagen molecules are not only heavily crosslinked to type II collagen, in an antiparallel orientation, but also to other type IX collagen molecules through specific sites. Type XI collagen molecules are primarily crosslinked to each other in the tissue, but the results are also consistent with type XI-II covalent interactions. We propose that selective proteolysis of types IX and XI collagens is a potential modulator of collagen network architecture.
[Hyaluronidase in the therapy of malignant diseases]. (1987)

260 patients with malignant disease received intravenous, intramuscular or intravesical hyaluronidase (H.) (Permease by Sanabo), 7,000 to 25,500 IU (10 to 30, 750 IU vials) or 200,000 IU (1 vial of H.) in addition to systemic or intravesical chemotherapy. Treatment was well tolerated except for 20 transient allergic episodes, 2 of which consisted in local symptoms at the injection site. Results are presented for 103 patients not responding to previous chemotherapy, 53 patients with primary and secondary brain tumours, and 51 patients with superficial bladder cancer. Adjuvant hyaluronidase was found to restore responsiveness in a large percentage of non-responders. The remaining systemically treated patients received H. together with their initial chemotherapy or with a modified cytostatic regimen. Intravesical H. in combination with mitomycin C was well tolerated and did not enhance mitomycin C plasma levels. In a randomized trial 5 of 23 patients with superficial bladder cancer receiving adjuvant intravesical mitomycin C alone developed tumour regrowth versus 1 of 21 patients receiving additional H. Adjuvant H. decreased 5-FU plasma saturation rates during arterial perfusion in colorectal cancer with metastatic spread to the liver, probably reflecting enhanced 5-FU extraction. Colorectal cancer stem cell assays with 5-FU showed a significant reduction of colony counts in the presence of H. Action mechanismus of hyaluronidase in malignant diseases are discussed, experimental data suggesting an effect of H. on immunologic events in malignant disease are presented.
A B cell-, T cell-linked epitope located on the adhesin of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1990)

The identification of specific T cell and B cell epitopes of the P1 protein, which functions as an adhesin and as a major antigen of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, has become of central interest for the design of synthetic vaccines. Here we report the isolation from guinea pigs infected intranasally with M. pneumoniae of hilar and bronchial T lymphocytes which proliferated after in vitro stimulation with sonicated M. pneumoniae whole-cell antigen and with the isolated P1 protein. For more detailed information on T cell epitopes, a 51-amino-acid region (histidine 821 to glycine 871; numbered from the NH2-terminal end) of the P1 protein was analyzed for a T cell epitope. An octapeptide, S-G-S-R-S-F-L-P (starting at amino acid 845), stimulated in vitro lymphocytes of bronchial washings and of hilar lymph nodes. Furthermore, this T cell-stimulating amino acid sequence was located at the C-terminal end of a B cell epitope with the sequence T-N-T (starting at amino acid 842).
Prevention and Treatment ofStaphylococcus aureusPneumonia with a β-Cyclodextrin Derivative (2009)

Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia is a common, potentially life-threatening infection caused by this human pathogen. The only therapies available to treat S. aureus pneumonia are antibiotics, a modality that is jeopardized by the organism's remarkable ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance. S. aureus alpha-hemolysin is a pore-forming cytotoxin that is essential for the pathogenesis of pneumonia. Strains lacking this cytotoxin are avirulent in a murine model of pneumonia; likewise, vaccine-based strategies that antagonize the toxin afford protection against lethal disease. Disruption of the function of this toxin therefore provides a potent mechanism to prevent and/or treat S. aureus pneumonia. beta-Cyclodextrin derivatives are small molecules with a sevenfold symmetry that mirrors the heptameric alpha-hemolysin. These compounds block the assembled alpha-hemolysin pore, compromising toxin function. We report that a modified beta-cyclodextrin compound, IB201, prevents alpha-hemolysin-induced lysis of human alveolar epithelial cells. This protective effect does not result from the ability of the beta-cyclodextrin to impair formation of the oligomeric alpha-hemolysin on the cell surface, supporting a role for this molecule in blockade of the lytic pore. An examination of IB201 in murine S. aureus pneumonia demonstrated that administration of this compound prevents and treats disease, protecting against mortality. Consistent with the vital importance of alpha-hemolysin in pneumonia caused by methicillin-sensitive and highly virulent methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, IB201 protects against lethal challenge with both types of isolates. These observations, coupled with a favorable safety profile of beta-cyclodextrin compounds, provide a novel strategy that may be developed to combat S. aureus pneumonia.
VirB/D4-Dependent Protein Translocation from Agrobacterium into Plant Cells (2000)

The Agrobacterium VirB/D4 transport system mediates the transfer of a nucleoprotein T complex into plant cells, leading to crown gall disease. In addition, several Virulence proteins must somehow be transported to fulfill a function in planta. Here, we used fusions between Cre recombinase and VirE2 or VirF to directly demonstrate protein translocation into plant cells. Transport of the proteins was monitored by a Cre-mediated in planta recombination event resulting in a selectable phenotype and depended on the VirB/D4 transport system but did not require transferred DNA.
Predictors of relapse and overall survival in Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia after transplantation (2003)

Allogeneic transplantation offers a potential cure for patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). We performed a retrospective analysis examining pretransplantation and posttransplantation prognostic factors in 90 patients with Ph+ ALL. The median age of the patients was 33 years, with slightly more than half of the patients (58%) in clinical remission at the time of transplantation. Overall, patients had a nonrelapse mortality rate of 30%, a relapse percentage of 34%, and an estimated 5-year disease-free survival rate of 30%. Pretransplantation risk factors for relapse included the expression of the p190 transcript (relative risk [RR] = 5.1; P =.037), evidence of morphologic disease at the time of transplantation (RR = 3.9; P <.001), and type of donor (RR = 2.5; P =.015), with patients receiving autologous or matched related transplants having the highest risk of relapse. The detection of minimal residual disease by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for bcr-abl transcripts was a significant posttransplantation risk factor for relapse (RR = 4.4; P =.001), with posttransplantation patients expressing the p190 transcript having the highest risk of relapse (RR = 8.7; P =.0001). In addition, patients with chronic extensive graft-versus-host disease showed a significantly lower risk of relapse (RR = 0.33; P =.038). Thus, these findings indicate that several pretransplantation and posttransplantation risk factors exist for patients with Ph+ ALL. Together, these factors can be used to improve our risk stratification of patients with Ph+ ALL who undergo transplantation, which will greatly enhance our ability to counsel these patients and potentially lead to the development of more specific treatment plans for them.
Database marketing and organizational learning theory: toward a research agenda (1996)

Observes that, despite the prevalent use of customer databases, very little academic research has examined the practice. Discusses the plethora of research opportunities in database marketing. First, defines database marketing, and second, promotes organizational learning theory as a useful tool by which database marketing research can advance. Finally reviews prior research, and presents research questions related to the design, maintenance and applications of customer databases.
Complementary Logic Gates and Ring Oscillators on Plastic Substrates by Use of Printed Ribbons of Single-Crystalline Silicon (2008)

CMOS inverters and three-stage ring oscillators were formed on flexible plastic substrates by transfer printing of p-type and n-type single crystalline ribbons of silicon. The gain and the sum of high and low noise margins of the inverters were as high as ~150 and 4.5 V at supply voltages of 5 V, respectively. The frequencies of the ring oscillators reached 2.6 MHz at supply voltages of 10 V. These results, as obtained with devices that have relatively large critical dimensions (i.e., channel lengths in the several micrometer range), taken together with good mechanical bendability, suggest promise for the use of this type of technology for flexible electronic systems.
Therapeutic CD154 antibody for lupus: promise for the future? (2003)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of pathogenic autoantibodies. A new study (see the related article beginning on page 1506) demonstrates that passive antibody specific for the TNF family member, CD154, ameliorates disease by reducing levels of self-reactive antibody in the serum. This study demonstrates a substantial potential for anti-CD154 antibody in the treatment of humoral autoimmunity.
Potential Uses of Combined Halogen Disinfectants in Poultry Processing (1990)

Five organic N-halamine compounds (combined halogen disinfectants) were compared for their bactericidal activities against Salmonella typhimurium under controlled pH and temperature. All five compounds were effective as bactericides in demand-free buffers ranging from pH 5.0 to 9.0 and treatment temperatures from 4 to 48 C. The range of contact times necessary for a 99.9999% inactivation of viable cells was from .22 to 29 min, depending on the halogen concentration, temperature, and pH of the demand-free buffer. Two of the compounds (3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone and 1,3-dichloro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazolidinone) were found to have considerable promise in high-temperature applications, and a third compound (1-bromo-3-chloro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazolidinone) was more suitable for low-temperature treatments.
Secondary structure nucleation in peptides. Transition metal ion stabilized .alpha.-helices (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSecondary structure nucleation in peptides. Transition metal ion stabilized .alpha.-helicesM. Reza Ghadiri and Chong ChoiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4, 1630–1632Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00160a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00160a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1199Altmetric-Citations222LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical reactions in microdroplets by electrostatic manipulation of droplets in liquid media (2002)

A microchemical reaction method involving microdroplets is proposed. Microdroplets are formed in a chemically stable medium on electric panel devices. These devices are substrates which have electrode arrays or electrode dots, and its surfaces are coated by an insulating film (such as Teflon or polypropylene) to prevent discharge and electrolysis of solutions. Microdroplets can be separately manipulated by a traveling electric field, which arises on applying a sequential voltage to the electrodes. Droplets moved smoothly at 1 Hz and voltage 400 V(0-p). Reagents were then put in droplets that were collided and coalesced, resulting in chemical reactions that included alkalization of phenolphthalein and the luciferin-luciferase reaction.
Cloning and expression of AP-2, a cell-type-specific transcription factor that activates inducible enhancer elements. (1988)

Human AP-2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to stimulate transcription of selected genes. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a human cDNA clone containing the entire protein-coding region of AP-2. The deduced primary amino acid sequence of AP-2 does not contain a domain resembling any previously identified DNA binding motif. However, an interesting feature of the AP-2 protein is a clustered arrangement of proline and glutamine residues that have been found recently within the activation domains of other transcription factors. Expression of the AP-2 clone in bacteria yields a protein that binds to DNA and activates transcription in vitro in a comparable manner to native human AP-2. Transfection of cDNA clones into Drosophila cells indicates that the AP-2 gene product can also activate gene expression in vivo in a DNA template-dependent manner. Expression of endogenous AP-2 is repressed in a hepatoma cell line and stimulated following retinoic-acid-induced differentiation of a human teratocarcinoma cell line. This indicates that AP-2 may be a transcription factor involved in the control of developmentally regulated gene expression.
Inactivation of murine leukemia virus by compounds that react with the zinc finger in the viral nucleocapsid protein (1996)

All retroviral nucleocapsid (NC) proteins, except those of spumaretroviruses, contain one or two copies of the conserved sequence motif C-X2-C-X4-H-X4-C. The conserved cysteine and histidine residues coordinate a zinc ion in each such motif. Rice et al. (W. G. Rice, J. G. Supko, L. Malspeis, R. W. Buckheit, Jr., D. Clanton, M. Bu, L. Graham, C. A. Schaeffer, J. A. Turpin, J. Domagala, R. Gogliotti, J. P. Bader, S. M. Halliday, L. Coren, R. C. Sowder II, L. 0. Arthur, and L. E. Henderson, Science 270:1194-1197, 1995) have described a series of compounds which inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles and oxidize the cysteine thiolates in the NC zinc finger. We have characterized the effects of three such compounds on Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV). We find that, as with HIV-1, the compounds inactivate cell-free MuLV particles and induce disulfide cross-linking of NC in these particles. The killed MuLV particles were found to be incapable of synthesizing full-length viral DNA upon infection of a new host cell. When MuLV particles are synthesized in the presence of one of these compounds, the normal maturational cleavage of the Gag polyprotein does not occur. The compounds have no effect on the infectivity of human foamy virus, a spumaretrovirus lacking zinc fingers in its NC protein. The resistance of foamy virus supports the hypothesis that the zinc fingers are the targets for inactivation of MuLV and HIV- I by the compounds. The absolute conservation of the zinc finger motif among oncoretroviruses and lentiviruses and the lethality of all known mutations altering the zinc-binding residues suggest that only the normal, wild-type structure can efficiently perform all of its functions. This possibility would make the zinc finger an ideal target for antiretroviral agents.
Immediate in vivo target-specific cancer cell death after near infrared photoimmunotherapy (2012)

PIT induced massive cell death of targeted tumor cells immediately after exposure of NIR light that was demonstrated with BLI in vivo.
Decreasing the level of translation initiation factor 4E with antisense rna causes reversal of ras‐mediated transformation and tumorigenesis of cloned rat embryo fibroblasts (1993)

Transformation of cloned rat embryo fibroblasts (CREF) with the T24-ras oncogene results in loss of contact inhibition, growth in soft agar and tumor formation in nude mice. Previously we showed that in such cells (CREF T24), the phosphorylation rate of protein synthesis initiation factor 4E (eIF-4E) is increased, correlating with an increase in the general rate of protein synthesis. In the present study, we have expressed antisense RNA complementary to eIF-4E mRNA in CREF T24 cells using a stably integrated vector. Cells expressing antisense RNA (CREF T24/AS) contained 30-50% of the normal level of eIF-4E and exhibited many of the properties of untransformed cells. CREF T24 had a spindle-shaped, refractile appearance, whereas CREF T24/AS grew in ordered, parallel patterns and exhibited contact inhibition similar to untransformed CREF. The rates of growth and protein synthesis in CREF T24/AS were decreased compared to CREF T24 but were not as low as in CREF. The efficiency of growth in soft agar was 11-fold lower for CREF T24/AS compared with CREF T24. The latency period for tumor formation in nude mice was increased from 8 days for CREF T24 to 17-27 days for CREF T24/AS and various clonal lines derived from them. Cell lines established from these CREF T24/AS-derived tumors were shown to have partially regained the eIF-4E levels characteristic of CREF T24. These results demonstrate that many of the phenotypic alterations associated with ras-induced malignant transformation can be reversed by a moderate reduction of the translational initiation capacity and therefore may be mediated through a translational mechanism.
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia – the role of the microenvironment pathogenesis and therapy (2013)

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) is one of the more common forms of B cell malignancy. Although the condition has a variable clinical course, the trend is towards eventual relapse and the disease is considered incurable. Whilst the majority of the circulating CD5-positive neoplastic B cells are arrested in the G0 phase of the cell cycle, those in the bone marrow and lymphoid tissues proliferate at a rate of 0·1-1% of the entire clone per day. This proliferation is supported by the tissue microenvironment, which has been shown to induce upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and enhance the survival of the neoplastic cells. Microenvironmental factors are also thought to be important in tumour relapse and resistance to therapy. This review outlines the main signalling pathways involved in these tumour cell-stromal interactions, and includes potential therapeutic strategies based on the manipulation of key components within the CLL microenvironment.
A file system for mobile computing (1993)

A File System for Mobile Computing Carl Downing Tait Distributed file systems are a fundamental structure of distributed computing, and much attention has been focused on their design. But one important new design point has not yet been explored thoroughly: how to support mobile clients. Portable workstations are becoming increasingly common, and people who use these machines should not be forced to accept inferior performance or usability. This dissertation argues that two ideas --- efficient variable-consistency replication and intelligent file prefetching --- lead to a file system that supports mobile clients particularly well. Algorithms, implementations, and analyses are presented to support this assertion. Contents Table of Contents i List of Figures iv List of Tables v Acknowledgements vi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Thesis : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2 1.2 Sub-Theses : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 3 1.2.1 Ef...