gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serial changes of hemostasis in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with special reference to delayed ischemic neurological deficits (1997)

This study was undertaken to elucidate comprehensively the serial changes occurring in hemostatic systems after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and thereby to ascertain whether the examination of the integrity of these systems is helpful in predicting delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DINDs). The authors examined 117 patients admitted to the hospital within 24 hours after onset of SAH. Blood samples were collected from each patient on Days 0 (at admission), 3, 6, 14, and 30. A number of hemostatic parameters were examined in these samples, and the relationships between their changes and DINDs were assessed. Eighteen (15.4%) of the patients exhibited DINDs, and their frequency increased as the severity of subarachnoid clotting increased. Also, the frequency of DINDs was significantly higher in the patients with hydrocephalus on initial computerized tomography (CT) scans than in those without hydrocephalus. Regarding the hemostatic parameters at admission, there was no significant difference between the patients with and without DINDs. On Day 3, however, the fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were higher in the patients with than in those without DINDs. The fibrinogen and thrombin-antithrombin complex levels on Day 6 and the D-dimer level on Day 14 in the patients with DINDs were higher than the corresponding levels in those without DINDs. Multivariate analyses revealed that the following variables (in order of importance) were independent predictors of DINDs: the levels of D-dimer on Day 3, fibrinogen on Day 6, and the presence of hydrocephalus on admission. These data indicate that the levels of hemostatic parameters in concert with the CT findings may enable us to predict the appearance of DINDs.
Conformational study of AZT in aqueous solution and adsorbed on a silver surface by means of Raman spectroscopy (2002)

Abstract The adsorption and conformation of the anti‐HIV drug AZT, and also thymine and 2′‐deoxythymidine, were studied on Ag colloids by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, showing that the conformational change induced by the adsorption on an Ag surface is similar to that induced by an alkaline pH, both related to deprotonation of the N‐3 atom leading to the C‐3′‐ endo conformer. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Biochemical identification of a direct physical interaction between the CD4: p56lck and Ti(TcR)/CD3 complexes (1991)

The CD4 and CD8 antigens function in synergy with the TcR/CD3 complex in the generation of intracellular signals leading to T cell proliferation. The association of the protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck with CD4 and CD8 provides a potential mechanism in the generation of intracellular signals. Several studies have shown that CD4 can co-modulate with TcR/CD3 suggesting that these receptor complexes may associated on the surface of the T cell. Nevertheless, it has proven difficult to formally demonstrate a direct physical interaction between the CD4 and TcR/CD3 complexes using biochemical techniques. In this study, we have used the sensitivity of the in vitro kinase assay to show a direct physical linkage between the CD4:p56lck complex and various CD3 subunits. Immunoprecipitation of CD4 from cell lysates derived from the T lymphoblastoid line HPB-ALL results in the co-purification of p56lck with an additional polypeptide at 20 kDa. Re-precipitation analysis and isoelectric focusing demonstrated that this band corresponds to the CD3 epsilon chain. An alternative approach which involves the labeling of microsomal membranes with [gamma-32P]ATP revealed the presence of CD3 epsilon and zeta chains in anti-CD4 immunoprecipitates. By contrast, we were unable to demonstrate the association of the CD4:p56lck and TcR/CD3 complex in resting peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data indicate that the CD4:p56lck and TcR/CD3 complexes have the ability to form stable complexes on the surface of certain T cell lines.
Thrombopoietin-Induced Activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway in Normal Megakaryocytes: Role in Endomitosis (1999)

Thrombopoietin (TPO) plays a critical role in megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation. Using various cultured cell lines, several recent studies have implicated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in megakaryocyte differentiation. In the study reported here, we examined the role played by thrombopoietin-induced MAPK activity in a cytokine-dependent cell line (BAF3/Mpl) and in primary murine megakaryocytes. In both systems, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1 and 2 MAPK phosphorylation was rapidly induced by TPO stimulation. To identify the Mpl domain responsible for MAPK activation, BAF3 cells expressing truncated forms of the Mpl receptor were studied. Phosphorylation of ERKs did not require elements of the cytoplasmic signaling domain distal to Box 2 and was not dependent on phosphorylation of the adapter protein Shc. ERK activation in murine megakaryocytes was maximal at 10 minutes and was markedly decreased over the subsequent 3 hours. Next, the physiologic consequences of MAPK inhibition were studied. Using the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, PD 98059, blockade of MAPK activity substantially reduced TPO-dependent proliferation in BAF3/Mpl cells and markedly decreased mean megakaryocyte ploidy in cultures. To exclude an indirect effect of MAPK inhibition on stromal cells in whole bone marrow, CD41(+) cells were selected and then cultured in TPO. The number of polyploid megakaryocytes derived from the CD41-selected cells was also significantly reduced by MEK inhibition, as was their geometric mean ploidy. These studies show an important role for MAPK in TPO-induced endomitosis and underscore the value of primary cells when studying the physiologic effects of signaling pathways.
Transport of cytochrome c derivatives by the bacterial Tat protein translocation system (2001)

An experimental system developed previously for the heterologous expression of c-type cytochromes in Escherichia coli Q1has been adapted to monitor protein transfer across the bacteria's cytoplasmic membrane. Apocytochrome, lacking the haem cofactor and probably in an unfolded state, was readily transferred across the cytoplasmic membrane when fused to a Sec-specific signal peptide. Furthermore, cytochrome fused to a signal peptide regarded as specific for the twin arginine transport (Tat) system was translocated in an unfolded state by the Sec apparatus. After maturation and folding in the cytoplasm, Tat-mediated transfer of holocytochrome to the periplasm occurred. We conclude that, in addition to the nature of the specific signal peptide, the folding state of a particular protein also governs its acceptance by a given transport system.
La biblioteca en los medios de comunicación. Planeta Biblioteca de Radio Universidad de Salamanca: donde vive la información (2000)

The patient base of the Partners HealthCare System in Boston exceeds 1.8 million. Many of these patients are desirable for participation in research studies. To facilitate their discovery, we developed a data warehouse to contain clinical characteristics of these patients. The data warehouse contains diagnosis and procedures from administrative databases. The patients are indexed across institutions and their demographics provided by an Enterprise Master Patient Indexing service. Characteristics of the diagnoses and procedures such as associated providers, dates of service, inpatient/outpatient status, and other visit-related characteristics are also fed from the administrative systems. The targeted users of this system are research clinician s interested in finding patient cohorts for research studies. Their data requirements were analyzed and have been reported elsewhere. We did not expect the clinicians to become expert users of the system. Tools for querying healthcare data have traditionally been text based, although graphical interfaces have been pursued. In order to support the simple drag and drop visual model, as well as the identification and distribution of the patient data, a three-tier software architecture was developed. The user interface was developed in Visual Basic and distributed as an ActiveX object embedded in an HTML page. The middle layer was developed in Java and Microsoft COM. The queries are represented throughout their lifetime as XML objects, and the Microsoft SQL7 database is queried and managed in standard SQL.
Cellular immune response to Klebsiella pneumoniae antigens in patients with HLA-B27+ ankylosing spondylitis. (2000)

In PBMC of the majority of patients with AS and in some with RA, but not in healthy controls, there are cells that proliferate in the presence of HSP60 of K. pneumoniae.
Electro-optical switching of the holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal diffraction gratings (2009)

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is a material promising for application in optical communications, diffractive optics and optical data storage. Diffraction gratings were optically recorded in a novel PDLC material developed at the Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics. Details of the fabrication and preliminary results of electro-optical switching of the holographic PDLC (HPDLC) diffraction gratings are presented. The redistribution of LCs was observed by using phase contrast microscopy and confocal Raman spectroscopy.
Activation-Induced Inhibition of Interleukin 6–Mediated T Cell Survival and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 Signaling (2000)

The cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-15 have all previously been shown to inhibit resting T cell death in vitro. We have found a difference in the response of T cells to IL-6, depending on the activation status of the cells. IL-6 inhibited the death of naive T cells, but had no effect on the death of either superantigen-activated T cells, or T cells bearing memory markers. This was true even when the resting and activated T cells were isolated from the same animal; thus, the determining factor for IL-6 insensitivity was the activation status or activation history of the cell, and not the milieu in the animal from which the cells were isolated. Activated T cells expressed lower levels of IL-6 receptors on their surfaces, yet there were sufficient levels of receptors for signaling, as we observed similar levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 phosphorylation in resting and activated T cells treated with IL-6. However, there was profound inhibition of IL-6-induced Stat1 phosphorylation in activated T cells compared with resting T cells. These data suggest that there is activation-induced inhibition of IL-6 receptor signaling in T cells. This inhibition appears to be specific for some but not all of the IL-6-mediated signaling cascades in these cells.
tris‐Heteroleptic Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Ambipolar or Electron Injection/Transport Features for Highly Efficient Electrophosphorescent Devices (2014)

A series of tris-heteroleptic phosphorescent cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes with two different cyclometalating ligands and one ancillary ligand was synthesized. Through manipulation of the electronic features of individual cyclometalating ligands, not only the emission color and electrochemical properties of these Ir(III) complexes can be tuned, but also unique charge carrier injection and transport traits can be conferred to them. Owing to the enhanced electron injection/transport and ambipolar characters associated with these tris-heteroleptic structures, these Ir(III) emitters showed very impressive electroluminescent performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 20.20 %, luminance efficiency of 69.41 cd A(-1) and power efficiency of 35.15 Lm W(-1) . These results provide a new outlet to design and synthesize highly efficient electrophosphors for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes.
Cancer chemoprevention: a rapidly evolving field (2013)

Cancer chemoprevention involves the chronic administration of a synthetic, natural or biological agent to reduce or delay the occurrence of malignancy. The potential value of this approach has been demonstrated with trials in breast, prostate and colon cancer. The paradigm for developing new chemopreventive agents has changed markedly in the last decade and now involves extensive preclinical mechanistic evaluation of agents before clinical trials are instituted and a focus on defining biomarkers of activity that can be used as early predictors of efficacy. This review will summarise the current status of the field of chemoprevention and highlight potential new developments.
Proximal and distal domains that control in vitro transcription of the adenovirus IVa2 gene. (1984)

The adenovirus IVa2 gene, which is expressed at an intermediate time in the viral infectious cycle, is separated from the adenovirus major late promoter (MLP) 5' start site by 210 base pairs and is transcribed from the opposite strand. In contrast to the MLP, the IVa2 gene does not contain a "TATA" box upstream from its 5' start sites. By using a series of deletion mutants, two upstream control regions that are rich in cytidine residues, one proximal to the cap site at nucleotide positions -39 to -48 and a distal domain between nucleotide positions -152 and -242 have been identified as essential for IVa2 transcription (IVa2 cap site is nucleotide position + 1). Transcription efficiency is decreased by 70-90% after the deletion of a proximal C-rich domain when either linear or supercoiled DNAs were used as template. However, distal sequences functioned as transcriptional control domains only with covalently closed DNA templates. The deletion of both the proximal and distal regions from covalently closed DNA templates reduces the levels of IVa2 transcription by a factor of 100-150. When the plasmid pAd242 that contains the 5' start sites of adenovirus MLP and IVa2 is transcribed, there is essentially a complete suppression of transcription of the adenovirus IVa2 gene. The transcription efficiency of IVa2 is increased 10-fold after deletion of the MLP cap site. A model based on a shared entry site for RNA polymerase II and competition between major late and IVa2 promoters is proposed to explain the in vitro transcriptional results.
Single-Channel Multitalker Speech Recognition (2010)

We have described some of the problems with modeling mixed acoustic signals in the log spectral domain using graphical models, as well as some current approaches to handling these problems for multitalker speech separation and recognition. We have also reviewed methods for inference on FHMMs (factorial hidden Markov model) and methods for handling the nonlinear interaction function in the log spectral domain. These methods are capable of separating and recognizing speech better than human listeners on the SSC task.
Plerixafor and G-CSF combination mobilizes hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells with a distinct transcriptional profile and a reduced in vivo homing capacity compared to plerixafor alone (2016)

Plerixafor and G-CSF combination mobilizes hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells with a distinct transcriptional profile and a reduced in vivo homing capacity compared to plerixafor alone
The Current Move of Lithium Ion Batteries Towards the Next Phase (2012)

Abstract Application targets of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are moving from small‐sized mobile devices of information technology to large‐scale electric vehicles (xEVs) and energy storage systems (ESSs). Environmental issues and abruptly increasing power demands are pushing high performance energy storage devices or systems onto markets. LIBs are one of the most potential candidates as the energy storage devices mainly due to their high energy densities with fairly good rate capabilities and a fairly long cycle life. As battery systems become larger in terms of stored energy as well as physical size, the safety concerns should be more seriously cared. Each application target has its own specification so that electrode materials should be chosen to meet requirements of the corresponding application. This report diagnoses the current market trends of LIBs as a primary topic, followed by giving an overview of anode and cathode material candidates of LIBs for xEVs and ESSs based on their electrochemical properties.
Treatment of four psychiatric emergencies in the intensive care unit (2012)

Understanding the diagnosis and appropriate management of these four psychiatric emergencies is important to provide safe and effective care in the intensive care unit.
Autoantibodies to Glutamate Receptor GluR3 in Rasmussen's Encephalitis (1994)

Rasmussen's encephalitis is a progressive childhood disease of unknown cause characterized by severe epilepsy, hemiplegia, dementia, and inflammation of the brain. During efforts to raise antibodies to recombinant glutamate receptors (GluRs), behaviors typical of seizures and histopathologic features mimicking Rasmussen's encephalitis were found in two rabbits immunized with GluR3 protein. A correlation was found between the presence of Rasmussen's encephalitis and serum antibodies to GluR3 detected by protein immunoblot analysis and by immunoreactivity to transfected cells expressing GluR3. Repeated plasma exchanges in one seriously ill child transiently reduced serum titers of GluR3 antibodies, decreased seizure frequency, and improved neurologic function. Thus, GluR3 is an autoantigen in Rasmussen's encephalitis, and an autoimmune process may underlie this disease.
Preerythrocytic Malaria Vaccine Development (1993)

In the 1940s, Mulligan and colleagues demonstrated that immunization of chickens with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium gallinaceum sporozoites induced protective immunity. In the late 1960s, Nussenzweig and colleagues demonstrated that immunization of A/J mice with radiation-attenuated P. berghei sporozoites protected mice against challenge with live sporozoites. This immunity was stage specific; mice challenged with infected erythrocytes were not protected. In the early 1970s Clyde and colleagues and Rieckmann and colleagues demonstrated that immunization of humans by the bite of irradiated Anopheles sp. mosquitoes carrying P. falciparum and one case P. vivax sporozoites in their salivary glands protected these volunteers against challenge with live sporozoites.
Quaternary glaciation in Africa: key chronologies and climatic implications (2008)

Abstract Multiple episodes of Quaternary glaciation are evidenced on &gt;10 distinct mountain localities throughout Africa, with the best dated sites from Kilimanjaro and Mt Kenya in equatorial East Africa. A general paucity of radiogenic dates constrains the glacial chronology, and regional sequences have largely been based on correlations by relative weathering of features. Excellent glacial moraine preservation and other features of erosion put limits on the spatial extent of palaeoglaciers, and have facilitated advances in palaeo‐equilibrium line altitude (ELA) analyses. All radiocarbon dates ( n &lt; 30) provide minimum ages of deglaciation, and are consistent with a widespread synchronous advance during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 ± 2 ka). K–Ar dates on Kilimanjaro lava flows initially recognised up to three glaciations prior to the LGM. Over 100 cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) 36 Cl exposure ages on glacial erratics and bedrock from Kilimanjaro and Mt Kenya date 16 landforms, confirming maximum glacial extent prior to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 10. No glacial geological features have been dated to MIS 6. While on Kilimanjaro the CRN ages confirm a clear LGM (MIS 2) maximum, Mt Kenya lacks definitive LGM moraines. Lateglacial advances or stillstands on both mountains are suggested by low‐relief moraines dating to 14.6 ± 1.2 ka (two boulders) on Mt Kenya and 16.3 ± 1.9 ka and 15.8 ± 2.5 ka on Kilimanjaro. Multiple moraines upvalley have early Holocene ages ranging from 11.2 ± 0.8 to 8.6 ± 0.2 ka. Isolated and equivocal dates on both mountains also provide speculative evidence that the maximum extent since MIS 5e may have occurred close to 30 ka, similar to sites in South America. New palaeoclimatic understanding from lake and ocean proxies suggests hypotheses for the source of low‐latitude climate changes causing the advances that can be tested with improved dates. A high degree of intra‐regional variance in ELA is observed, with differences by aspect reflecting precipitation gradients. Future work should include more CRN dates, improved mapping and inverse climate–mass balance modelling. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Peptides in the presence of aqueous ionic liquids: tunable co-solutes as denaturants or protectants? (2015)

We studied the stability of a small β-hairpin peptide under the influence of an aqueous 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM](+)[ACE](-)) solution via all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in combination with metadynamics. Our free energy results indicate a denaturation of the peptide structure in the presence of the ionic liquid which is validated by a significant broadening of the end-to-end distance. The radial distribution functions between the ions and the peptide were used for the calculation of the preferential binding coefficients in terms of the Kirkwood-Buff theory. A significant structure dependent binding behavior of acetate to the peptide was found which can be interpreted as the main reason for the denaturation of the native conformation. The outcomes of our simulations allow us to propose a simple mechanism to explain the unfolding of the peptide with regard to the specific properties of ionic liquids. Our results are in good agreement with experimental findings and demonstrate the benefits of ionic liquids as tunable co-solutes with regard to their influence on protein structural properties.
The Many Faces of IL-7: From Lymphopoiesis to Peripheral T Cell Maintenance (2005)

IL-7 is well known as a lymphopoietic cytokine, but recent studies have also identified a critical role for IL-7 in peripheral T cell homeostasis. IL-7 is well poised to serve as a homeostatic cytokine because it is produced by resting stromal cells, the IL-7R is present on most T cells, and IL-7 down-regulates its own receptor. These features allow IL-7 to signal large numbers of resting T cells and to be efficiently used when supplies are limiting. Consistent with this, in normal hosts, IL-7 is required for survival of naive T cell populations, and IL-7 contributes to homeostatic cycling of naive and memory cells. In addition, lymphopenic hosts accumulate increased levels of IL-7, and the supranormal levels are largely responsible for inducing homeostatic peripheral expansion in response to lymphopenia. Thus, IL-7 plays critical and nonredundant roles in both T cell lymphopoiesis and in maintaining and restoring peripheral T cell homeostasis.
Complete nucleotide sequence of a skin element excised by DNA rearrangement during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis (1995)

As part of the Bacillus subtilis genome sequencing project, we have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a skin element which is located between spoIVCB and spoIIIC. The entire sequence of this element is 48,032 bp in length, and contains 57 ORFs with putative ribosome-binding sites. Two of them correspond to previously sequenced and characterized genes, cwIA and spoIVCA. Furthermore, seven ORF products identified in this element show interesting similarities with known proteins present in data banks, including the phi 105 immunity repressor, the phi 105 Cro-like protein and the SPP1 terminase. These results indicate the possibility that the skin element is a cryptic remnant of an ancestral temperate phage.