gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transgenic plant virus resistance mediated by untranslatable sense RNAs: expression, regulation, and fate of nonessential RNAs. (1994)

Haploid leaf tissue of tobacco cultivars K326 and K149 was transformed with several transgenes containing cDNA of the potato virus Y (PVY) coat protein (CP) open reading frame (ORF). The various transgenes containing the PVY CP ORF sequence produced (1) the expected mRNA and CP product, (2) an mRNA rendered untranslatable by introduction of a stop codon immediately after the initiation codon, or (3) an antisense RNA that was untranslatable as a result of the incorrect orientation of the PVY CP ORF behind the transcriptional promoter. Homozygous doubled haploid (DH) (diploid) plants were generated, and selfed progeny from these plants were examined. Resistance was virus specific, functioning only against PVY. An inverse correlation between transgene-derived PVY transcript steady state levels and resistance was generally noted with lines expressing the untranslatable sense version of the PVY CP ORF. A collection of DH lines, derived from a single transformation event of a common haploid plant and isogenic for the PVY transgenes expressing untranslatable sense RNA, displayed different levels of PVY resistance. Lines with actively transcribed, methylated transgene sequences had low steady state levels of transgene transcript and a virus-resistant phenotype. These results are discussed within the context of sense suppression in plants.
2H1--a novel antigen involved in T lymphocyte triggering. (1988)

A mAb anti-2H1, was produced against PHA-activated T cells from a lower primate, Aotus trivirgatus. Anti-2H1 reacted with 90% of peripheral T cells but was found to react with only 10% of thymocytes and some, but not all, leukemic T cell lines. 2H1 expression was dramatically increased when thymic cells were activated by Con A plus PMA. In contrast, anti-2H1 did not react with B cells, macrophages, null cells, or hematopoietic stem cell lines. More importantly, anti-2H1 antibody can induce T cell activation and proliferation in synergy with PMA or anti-T11(3). SDS-PAGE analysis of polypeptides immunoprecipitated with anti-2H1 showed two major polypeptides of 140 and 105 kDa. Thus, the 2H1 Ag can be distinguished from T3, T11, and 9.3 Ag. These results indicate that the 2H1 Ag appears to be involved in the activation of T lymphocytes.
Physicochemical Properties of Spray Dried Drugs: Phenobarbitone and Hydroflumethiazide (1983)

The potential of spray drying to produce high energy drug forms was investigated using phenobarbitone and hydroflumethiazide. Whereas commercial phenobarbitone is normally Form II, the product produced by spray drying had a large specific surface area (17m 2/g) and physical properties similar to Form III. The apparent solubility of this spray dried material was 25% greater than that of Form II. An amorphous product was obtained on spray drying phenobarbitone with 10% PVP. Spray dried hydroflumethiazide was amorphous and had an apparent solubility 1.61 times that of the crystalline form. Co-spray drying hydroflumethiazide with 10% PVP also produced an amorphous system. Differential scanning calorimetry suggested that the system contained both amorphous drug and an amorphous drug-PVP complex. The product had an apparent solubility 2.5 times that of the pure crystalline drug. Spray drying, either in the presence or absence of excipients, can result in the formation of high energy drug polymorphs or amorphous phases not normally obtained by conventional precipitation procedures.
Pivaloyl esters of N,N-dialkylated dopamine congeners. Central dopamine-receptor stimulating activity (1978)

In order to test for dopamine-receptor stimulating activity a new, sensitive biochemical screening method was designed. For behavioral studies and for determination of the duration of action on the compounds, motor activity measurements were used. O,O'-Dipivaloyl-N,N-dipropyldopamine (4) was the only derivative of a series of dipivaloyl-N,N-dialkyldopamines studied that showed any significant activity. However, the monopivaloyl ester 2-(3-pivaloyloxyphenyl)-N,N-dipropylethylamine (8) seemed to be more potent. The same relationship was found for the corresponding phenols, N,N-dipropyldopamine (3) and 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N,N-dipropylethylamine (7), although both were more active than their pivaloyl esters.
Strengthening the virtual-source method for time-lapse monitoring (2008)

Abstract Time-lapse monitoring is a powerful tool for tracking subsurface changes resulting from fluid migration. Conventional time-lapse monitoring can be done by observing differences between two seismic surveys over the surveillance period. Along with the changes in the subsurface, differences in the two seismic surveys are also caused by variations in the near-surface overburden and acquisition discrepancies. The virtual-source method monitors below the time-varying near-surface by redatuming the data down to the subsurface receiver locations. It crosscorrelates the signal that results from surface shooting recorded by subsurface receivers placed below the near-surface. For the Mars field data, redatuming the recorded response down to the permanently placed ocean-bottom cable (OBC) receivers using the virtual-source method allows one to reconstruct a survey as if virtualsources were buried at the OBC receiver locations and the medium above them were a homogeneous half-space. Separating the recorded wavefields into upgoing and downgoing (up-down) waves before crosscorrelation makes the resultant virtual-source data independent of the time-varying near-surface (seawater). For time-lapse monitoring, varying source signature for the two surveys and for each shot is also undesirable. Deconvolving the prestack crosscorrelated data (correlation gather) by the power spectrum of the source-time function results in virtual-source data independent of the source signature. Incorporating up-down wavefield separation and deconvolution of the correlation gather by the source power spectrum into the virtual-source method suppresses the causes of nonrepeatability in the seawater along with acquisition and source signature discrepancies. This processing combination strengthens the virtual-source method for time-lapse monitoring.
HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION OF SEVERE HEMORRHAGE (HEM) IN SWINE WITH 5% SALINE (HS) OR 7.5% SALINE/6% DEXTRAN (HSD) (2006)

Objective: To evaluate HS or HSD as initial hypotensive resuscitation fluid for the treatment of severe HEM. Methods: Anesthetized, splenectomized and instrumented 40 kg swine (n = 7/gp) were subjected to a controlled HEM of 20 ml/kg over 5 min that duplicated the blood loss profile of an uncontrolled HEM. After 30 min, a second HEM of 8 ml/kg and fluid infusion were started. HS and HSD were infused at 0.9 or 0.6 ml/kg/min, respectively, over 10 min to deliver equivalent Na+ loads and no additional fluid was given for at least 30 min. Additional fluid was given as normal saline (NS) to maintain systolic blood pressure (SBP) to 80 mmHg. A 3rd group received NS to return and maintain SBP at 80 mmHg. Hemodynamic and metabolic variables were monitored continuously and blood samples were drawn for chemistries at baseline (BL) and at select times throughout the 3.5 hr experiment or until death. Results: Survival was 4/7, 6/7 and 7/7 in the HS, HSD and NS groups, respectively. Hemorrhage reduced MAP and cardiac output (CO) to about 45% and 34% of BL, respectively, in all groups. HSD induced a more rapid recovery in CO compared to HS or NS. Time from the end of HS or HSD infusion until need for NS was 42 ± 7 and 75 ± 24 min, respectively and the fluid infused was 6.3- and 3.3-fold higher in the NS than HSD- or HS-infused pigs. By 3.5 hr, total fluid infusion still remained over 2-fold higher in the NS than HS or HSD groups. Peak Na+ levels were 8-9 mEq/L higher in the HS and HSD than NS group. At 3.5 hr, plasma lactate levels were about 45% lower in the HSD than HS and NS groups and shock index was 29% and 15% lower in the HSD than HS or NS pigs. Area-under-the-curve analyses revealed that CO, MAP and oxygen delivery were significantly higher in the HSD than HS group. In addition, base excess was significantly higher in the HSD than NS group. Conclusion: These data suggest that HSD improved hemodynamics somewhat better than HS with lower volume requirements. However, the effects of hypertonic fluids were not sustained after the infusion of NS.
Investigation of the anti-breast cancer efficacy and mechanisms of disulfiram (2015)

A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy\nResearch Institute in Healthcare Science\nFaculty of Science and Engineering\nUniversity of Wolverhampton
Camptothecin Analogue Efficacy In Vitro: Effect of Liposomal Encapsulation of GI147211C (NX211) (1999)

Topoisomerase I inhibitors, including camptothecinand topotecan (TP), have demonstrated chemotherapeutic utility in vivo.Solubility limitations of camptothecins have led to a search for more soluble camptothecin analogues, including GI147211C (GlaxoWellcome).Alternative means of delivery that improve tumor targeting of these agents have also been sought.In these studies, we used GI147211C and liposomally encapsulated GI147211C (NX211) for comparison of in vitro cytotoxicityrelative to TP.Standard 3 H-thymidine-based cytotoxicityassays were performed with IC 50 (50% inhibitory concentration) values determined for these agents across a broad range of tumor cell types.Our results indicate that GI147211C and NX211 are signi cantly more effective as cytotoxic agents than TP ( p < 0.05) for several tumor cell types.For example, MDA-MB-468 (human breast adenocarcinoma) tumor cells exhibited median IC 50 values of 2.85, 6.42, and 47.3 ng/ml for NX211, GI147211C, and TP, respectively.Some cell types, such as DU-145 (human prostate carcinoma) exhibited greater sensitivity to NX211 than to GI147211C (i.e., median IC 50 values of 0.44 and 1.61 ng/ml,respectively).Interestingly,uorescence assessment of cellular uptake of GI147211C and NX211 suggests differential uptake of GI147211C relative to NX211 (i.e., = 3 4 fold greater uptake of GI147211C on an equivalently administered concentration basis).Together, these observations suggest that GI147211C and NX211 demonstrated greater cytotoxicityin vitro compared to TP and raise the possibility that liposomal encapsulation may alter activity of GI147211C at the cellular level.
Road Stakeout In Wearable Outdoor Augmented Reality (2008)

This thesis advances wearable outdoor augmented reality (WOAR) research by proposing novel visualisations, by consolidating previous work, and through several formal user studies. Wearable outdoor augmented reality combines augmented reality (AR) and wearable computing to enable novel applications. AR allows the user to perceive virtual objects as part of their real environment. Using wearable computers as a platform for AR allows users to see the real and the virtual world combined in a mobile environment. This combination enables new and exciting applications that bring with them new challenges for interface and usability research. The research described in this thesis advances the field of WOAR research by developing a WOAR version of a commercial road stakeout application. This case study makes possible the first formal direct comparison of the performance of a WOAR application and its conventional counterpart. Road stakeout is the process of locating points in the real world and marking them with stakes. This process is not only relevant for road construction, but also to construction and surveying in general. AWOAR stakeout application can visualise stakeout targets on their location in the real world, while conventional stakeout systems can only guide users to these locations using indirect displays. The formal comparison found significant differences in performance, and showed that the WOAR system performed twice as fast at the same accuracy level as the conventional system. The study also identified a number of usability issues and technical problems related to WOAR systems that still need to be overcome. The thesis examines usability problems of the WOAR road stakeout application in detail, proposes solutions, and compares their efficiency in formal user studies. The basic stakeout tasks are navigating to a target location and then placing a stakeout pole on that location. Original research in the fields of directional interfaces and depth cues determined solutions for efficient navigation and pole placement in the WOAR stakeout application. Further, the presented work includes explorative implementations of obscured information visualisations. The thesis proposes interaction with artificially transparent stakeout poles and hands, and examines their feasibility with respect to perceptual and technical issues. A visualisation of a road model investigated the preservation of context while automatically providing detail when needed. The thesis presents working WOAR implementations of navigation and depth cue support, a road model visualisation, and an artificially transparent stakeout pole. In conclusion, the thesis consolidated WOAR interface research and extended the field with empirical research. The presented research is the first that allows a WOAR application to compete directly with a commercial conventional system, demonstrating the strong potential that WOAR systems already have.
MBTI Personality Types of Project Managers and Their Success: A Field Survey (2013)

This paper describes a survey of 280 project managers that reveals both their personality types (via Myers-Briggs personality inventory) and their success in project management. The results show that a project manager's personality is better suited for functioning with partial data and under ambiguity than the rest of the population. These traits were found for both women and men. The conclusion is that project managers (females and males) have a unique personality-type distribution that distinguishes them from the general population. The findings can contribute to better understanding the traits that characterize the project management population, and their relationship to project success.
Micropatterned Arrays of Porous Silicon: Toward Sensory Biointerfaces (2011)

We describe the fabrication of arrays of porous silicon spots by means of photolithography where a positive photoresist serves as a mask during the anodization process. In particular, photoluminescent arrays and porous silicon spots suitable for further chemical modification and the attachment of human cells were created. The produced arrays of porous silicon were chemically modified by means of a thermal hydrosilylation reaction that facilitated immobilization of the fluorescent dye lissamine, and alternatively, the cell adhesion peptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine. The latter modification enabled the selective attachment of human lens epithelial cells on the peptide functionalized regions of the patterns. This type of surface patterning, using etched porous silicon arrays functionalized with biological recognition elements, presents a new format of interfacing porous silicon with mammalian cells. Porous silicon arrays with photoluminescent properties produced by this patterning strategy also have potential applications as platforms for in situ monitoring of cell behavior.
A New Equation of State for Carbon Dioxide Covering the Fluid Region from the Triple-Point Temperature to 1100 K at Pressures up to 800 MPa (1996)

This work reviews the available data on thermodynamic properties of carbon dioxide and presents a new equation of state in the form of a fundamental equation explicit in the Helmholtz free energy. The function for the residual part of the Helmholtz free energy was fitted to selected data of the following properties: (a) thermal properties of the single-phase region (pρT) and (b) of the liquid-vapor saturation curve (ps, ρ′, ρ″) including the Maxwell criterion, (c) speed of sound w and (d) specific isobaric heat capacity cp of the single phase region and of the saturation curve, (e) specific isochoric heat capacity cv, (f) specific enthalpy h, (g) specific internal energy u, and (h) Joule–Thomson coefficient μ. By applying modern strategies for the optimization of the mathematical form of the equation of state and for the simultaneous nonlinear fit to the data of all these properties, the resulting formulation is able to represent even the most accurate data to within their experimental uncertainty. In the technically most important region up to pressures of 30 MPa and up to temperatures of 523 K, the estimated uncertainty of the equation ranges from ±0.03% to ±0.05% in the density, ±0.03% to ±1% in the speed of sound, and ±0.15% to ±1.5% in the isobaric heat capacity. Special interest has been focused on the description of the critical region and the extrapolation behavior of the formulation. Without a complex coupling to a scaled equation of state, the new formulation yields a reasonable description even of the caloric properties in the immediate vicinity of the critical point. At least for the basic properties such as pressure, fugacity, and enthalpy, the equation can be extrapolated up to the limits of the chemical stability of carbon dioxide. Independent equations for the vapor pressure and for the pressure on the sublimation and melting curve, for the saturated liquid and vapor densities, and for the isobaric ideal gas heat capacity are also included. Property tables calculated from the equation of state are given in the appendix.
Functional groups of diphosphopyridine nucleotide linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from bovine heart. I. Studies of an active amino group by amidination, arylation, acetylation, and carbamylation (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFunctional groups of diphosphopyridine nucleotide linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from bovine heart. I. Studies of an active amino group by amidination, arylation, acetylation, and carbamylationChinan C. Fan and Gerhard W. E. PlautCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 1, 45–51Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00698a008https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00698a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A mutation at one end of Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA blocks cleavage of both ends by the viral integrase in vivo (1992)

The integration of retroviral DNA proceeds through two steps: trimming of the termini to expose new 3' OH ends, and the transfer of those ends to the phosphates of target DNA. We have examined the ability of the Moloney murine leukemia virus integrase protein (IN) to trim the termini of the preintegrative DNA of mutant viruses with alterations in the U3 inverted repeat. The mutant terminus of one replication-defective viral DNA, containing a 7-bp deletion in the U3 inverted repeat, was not trimmed to produce the normal recessed end. Remarkably, the other terminus of this mutant DNA was also not trimmed, even though its sequence is wild type. This finding suggests that the IN protein requires the presence of two good ends before becoming properly activated to trim either one.
Peptides and Peptide Mimics as Modulators of Apoptotic Pathways (2008)

Programmed cell death is an important and stringently controlled process. Aberrancies in its control mechanisms can lead to disease; overactive apoptosis can cause neurodegenerative disorders, whereas deficient apoptotic activity can lead to cancer. Therefore, controlling apoptotic pathways with peptides is showing increasing promise as a strategy in drug development.Programmed cell death or apoptosis is a noninvasive and strictly regulated cellular process required for organism development and tissue homeostasis. Deficiencies in apoptotic pathways are the source of many diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, and disorders related to an inappropriate loss of cells such as heart failure, stroke, and liver injury. Validation of the various points of intervention as targets for drug development has been the subject of a vast number of studies. Peptides are essential tools for drug discovery, as well as preclinical and pharmaceutical drug development.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Thiazoline‐Based Siderophore (S)‐Desferrithiocin. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isotopic oxygen-18 shifts in phosphorus-31 NMR of adenine nucleotides synthesized with oxygen-18 in various positions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsotopic oxygen-18 shifts in phosphorus-31 NMR of adenine nucleotides synthesized with oxygen-18 in various positionsMildred Cohn and Angela HuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 3, 913–916Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00523a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00523a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts