gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methionine or not methionine at the beginning of a protein (1985)

Abstract Methionine aminopeptidases with a universal specificity have been revealed from the sequences of the amino‐terminal region of mutant forms of yeast iso‐1‐cytochrome c and from a systematic examination of the literature for amino‐terminal sequences formed at initiation sites. The aminopeptidase removes amino‐terminal residues of methionine when they precede certain amino acids, with a specificity that appears to be determined mainly by the residue adjacent to the methionine residue at the amino terminus. The result with the mutationally altered iso‐1‐cytochromes c and the results from published sequences of other proteins from a wide range of prokaryotes and eukaryotes suggest that the aminopeptidase usually cleaves amino‐terminal methionine when it precedes residues of alanine, cysteine, glycine, proline, serine, threonine and valine but not when it precedes residues of arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine, lysine or methionine. We suggest that the specificity is almost always determined simply by the size of the side chain of the penultimate residue; methionine is usually cleaved from residues with a side chain having a radius of gyration of 1·29 Å or less, but is not cleaved from residues with larger side chains.
Intravenous antigen adrmnistration as a therapy for autoimmune demyelinating disease (1996)

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by central nervous system inflammation and demyelination. Previously, we demonstrated that intravenous administration of high doses of myelin basic protein abrogated the clinical and pathological signs of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by causing the deletion of encephalitogenic, CD4+, myelin basic protein-specific T cells through antigen-induced programmed cell death. In the present study, we further characterized the ability of intravenous antigen administration to attenuate an immune response by myelin basic protein-reactive encephalitogenic T cells. We demonstrated that multiple injections of myelin basic protein are required to achieve a therapeutic response, and that this form of therapy is effective even after prolonged chronic disease. These studies showed that although interleukin-2-stimulated cell cycling is an important factor leading to T-cell death, the administration of exogenous interleukin-2 with antigen can result in the aggravation of clinical disease compared to administration of antigen alone. More importantly, administration of myelin basic protein alone without interleukin-2 was sufficient to reduce autoreactive T cells and clinical disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our experiments support the rationale for antigen-specific therapy aimed at inducing the programmed death of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune diseases, potentially including the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis.
Magneto‐motive detection of tissue‐based macrophages by differential phase optical coherence tomography (2007)

Results of our experiments indicate that DP-OCT can be used to identify tissue-based macrophage when excited by an external focused oscillating magnetic field.
Three α‐amylase genes of Aspergillus oryzae exhibit identical intron‐exon organization (1989)

We have cloned three genes (amy1, amy2 and amy3) encoding alpha-amylase in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae. The established overall sequences have a very high degree of homology, showing divergences mainly in the 3'-untranslated regions. The positions and the sequences of the eight introns were found to be absolutely identical in the three genes. The sequence analysis of the 5'-regions revealed presumptive TATA, CAAT and GC boxes. Primer extension analysis was performed to determine the transcription start. We were able to detect mRNAs from amy1 and amy3 but not from amy2 with gene-specific oligonucleotide probes complementary to the 3'-noncoding regions.
Effects of micro‐iontophoretic administration of magnesium and calcium on neurones in the central nervous system of cats (1969)

Abstract Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ released from five‐barrelled micropipettes by currents of 5 to 80 nA caused a deceleration of the firing rate of neurones discharging spontaneously, or excited by the simulataneous administration of glutamate or acetylcholine, in the cerebral cortex, cuneate nucleus and spinal cord. Excitation of cells in the cuneate nucleus, caused by stimulation of sense organs, was also suppressed by Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Synaptic transmission of volleys, evoked by electrical stimulation, from thalamus to cortical cells, from superficial radial nerve to cells in the cuneate nucleus, and from ventral root via recurrent collaterals to Renshaw cells, was partially or completely blocked by Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ (60 to 200 nA). When given together, the depressant effect of the two ions summed. There was no evidence of enhanced synpatic transmission under the influence of Ca 2+ . It is concluded that in the central nervous system a small elevation of the concentration of Ca 2+ or of Mg 2+ has a powerful postsynaptic depressant effect.
Tumor-specific cell surface expression of the -KDEL containing endoplasmic reticular heat shock protein gp96 (1996)

Heat shock protein (HSP) gp96/grp94 contains a signal peptide at the amino terminus and a -KDEL sequence at the carboxy terminus and is a major component of the lumen of the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We show, by a number of immunolocalization methods using light and electron microscopy, that a significant proportion of intact gp96 molecules is also expressed on the cell surface. Surface gp96 molecules truly represent surface expression and do not result from adventitious deposition of gp96 released by dead cells on to the live cells in culture. Cell surface expression of gp96 is enhanced by heat shock and exposure to reducing agents. Gp96 molecules are not released from plasma membranes by repeated salt washes, and gp96 is not an integral membrane protein. Our observations suggest that gp96 and perhaps other HSPs are anchored to the cell surface as part of larger molecular complexes, which also transport them to the cell surface.
Oxidation of the alarmin IL-33 regulates ST2-dependent inflammation (2015)

In response to infections and irritants, the respiratory epithelium releases the alarmin interleukin (IL)-33 to elicit a rapid immune response. However, little is known about the regulation of IL-33 following its release. Here we report that the biological activity of IL-33 at its receptor ST2 is rapidly terminated in the extracellular environment by the formation of two disulphide bridges, resulting in an extensive conformational change that disrupts the ST2 binding site. Both reduced (active) and disulphide bonded (inactive) forms of IL-33 can be detected in lung lavage samples from mice challenged with Alternaria extract and in sputum from patients with moderate-severe asthma. We propose that this mechanism for the rapid inactivation of secreted IL-33 constitutes a 'molecular clock' that limits the range and duration of ST2-dependent immunological responses to airway stimuli. Other IL-1 family members are also susceptible to cysteine oxidation changes that could regulate their activity and systemic exposure through a similar mechanism.
Partial Purification of Cross-Protection Factor(s) from Pasteurella multocida (1994)

Membrane-associated cross-protection factor(s) (CPF) of in vivo-grown Pasteurella multocida were solubilized by detergent and partially purified by sequential chromatography on ion exchange, gel filtration, and hydroxyapatite columns. The CPF activity was determined by challenge of turkeys vaccinated with different chromatography fractions and challenge of poults passively immunized with serum from the same vaccinated turkeys. Analyses of different chromatography fractions by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblots suggested that proteins in the range of 59-65 kDa and a protein of 39-kDa molecular mass were associated with cross-protection. Although CPF activity was found to be associated with protein-containing material, treatment with periodate diminished cross-protection, indicating that carbohydrate determinants may also contribute to immune cross-protection.
Parthenogenetic Activation of Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Oocytes and the Development of Marmoset Parthenogenones In Vitro and In Vivo1 (1998)

Mammalian oocytes can be induced to resume meiosis without fertilization, and the resulting parthenogenetic embryos carry only maternal chromosomes. Human oocytes can be activated by many chemical and physical stimuli, but postimplantation studies of human parthenogenetic embryos are not ethically acceptable. The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) is a good model for studying primate parthenogenetic development postimplantation, since follicular aspiration, embryo transfer, and early postimplantation development of biparental embryos have already been described. Marmoset oocytes were either subjected to two series of six electrical pulses (DC; 2 kV/cm and 70 microsec) or were incubated in 7% ethanol in PBS. Ninety-two percent (68 of 74) and 20% (8 of 40) of marmoset oocytes were activated by electrical stimulus or ethanol, respectively. Parthenogenetic (n = 3) or in vitro-fertilized (n = 2) embryos were transferred at the 4-cell stage to synchronized recipient female marmosets (n = 5). Progesterone, chorionic gonadotropin, and inhibin in the peripheral plasma of recipient animals were measured. After 33 days of gestation, recipient animals were perfused and the uteri were collected. The 2 females that had received biparental embryos and 2 of the 3 females that had received parthenogenetic embryos displayed biochemical and histological evidence of implantation. This is the first report that a primate embryo comprising only parthenogenetic cells is capable of implantation. This highlights the need to scrutinize levels of parthenogenesis associated with human assisted reproductive technologies. Marmoset parthenogenones also provide a unique model for elucidating the roles of parental genomes in primate development.
Factors affecting pediatric preventive care utilization in a prepaid group practice. (1988)

Previous research on the utilization of pediatric preventive care has shown that certain sociodemographic factors, such as age, birth order, family size and race, as well as health attitudes and beliefs are related to the use of well-child services. To examine the simultaneous effects of sociodemographic, psychosocial and behavioral factors, we conducted a 16-month prospective investigation of 532 children belonging to a university-affiliated prepaired group practice. The children were under 5 years of age upon enrollment and came predominantly from white, middle-class families with well-educated parents. Our bivariable results showed that 13 factors were related to preventive care utilization (p less than 0.05) and, in effect, confirmed findings from previous investigations. However, using model-fitting procedures, we found that only two variables, child's age and birth order, significantly predicted the rate of preventive care visits; a high utilization rate was observed for younger children and for first-born children. Since the observed age-specific rates of preventive care utilization were nearly identical to the schedule recommended by the pediatricians in this practice, we believe that most of the variability in well-child care in our population was due to provider-induced demand. Furthermore, none of the other demographic or psychosocial factors that significantly predicted acute care utilization in this population had any effect on preventive care once age and birth order were accounted for.
SECOQC White Paper on Quantum Key Distribution and Cryptography (2007)

The SECOQC White Paper on Quantum Key Distribution and Cryptography is the outcome on a thorough consultation and discussion among the participants of the European project SECOQC (www.secoqc.net). This paper is a review article that attempts to position Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) in terms of cryptographic applications. A detailed comparison of QKD with the solutions currently in use to solve the key distribution problem, based on classical cryptography, is provided. We also detail how the work on QKD networks lead within SECOQC will allow the deployment of long-distance secure communication infrastructures based on quantum cryptography. The purpose of the White Paper is finally to promote closer collaboration between classical and quantum cryptographers. We believe that very fruitful research, involving both communities, could emerge in the future years and try to sketch what may be the next challenges in this direction.
Dereverberation of ultrasound echo data in vascular imaging applications (2011)

Two-dimensional speckle tracking methods have shown great promise in imaging tissue motion and deformations in the vicinity of blood vessels offering the promise of new methods for detecting and staging of vascular disease. However, vessel wall echo reverberations overwhelm the echoes (scattering) from the blood and result in loss of flow information in large regions within the vessel. In this paper, we present a de sign approach for a time-varying dereverberation inverse filter for echo data within the vessel. The design approach is motivated by the fact that the reverberation pattern varies significantly with the pulsatory motion of the vessel wall. Minute changes in the location/orientation of the vessel wall with respect to the imaging beam result in measurable changes in the speckle-specular echo mixture at the vessel wall and the observed periodicities in the reverberation pattern within the vessel. Therefore, a time-varying inverse filter is necessary to remove the reverberation components appropriately during the heart cycle. A maximum likelihood approach for optimizing the inverse filter parameter is presented. The performance of the dereverberation algorithm is illustrated using pulse-echo data from realtime imaging of the carotid artery of a healthy volunteer.
Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2002)

Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived from rat aortic media were used to examine semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) expression during their differentiation process. In a defined serum-free medium permissive for in vitro VSMC differentiation, there was a large increase in SSAO mRNA and protein levels and in the related enzyme activity during the course of cell culture. This pattern of expression was concomitant with that of some smooth muscle-specific mRNA markers of differentiation. mRNAs in differentiated cultured VSMCs were comparable to those detected in total aorta and media. Pharmacological properties of SSAO present in VSMCs were similar to enzyme activities previously described in the aortic wall. In this model, we also demonstrated that methylamine, a physiological substrate of SSAO, activated 2-deoxyglucose transport in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This methylamine effect was reproduced by other SSAO substrates and was prevented by the SSAO inhibitor semicarbazide. It was antagonized in the presence of catalase, suggesting that SSAO-activated glucose transport was mediated through H(2)O(2) production. In addition, methylamine promoted glucose transporter 1 accumulation at the cell surface. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time the differentiation-dependent expression of SSAO in VSMCs and its role in the regulation of VSMC glucose uptake.
Đánh giá hiện trạng ô nhiễm chì (Pb) trong rau xanh ở thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP.HCM) (2007)

Trước sự đo thị hoa, cong nghiệp hoa ngay cang cao cung với việc phat triển, xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng, dân chung cac nơi đổ về ngay cang đong, đa khiến cho diện tich đất vườn ngay cang bị thu hẹp nen người dân phải tận dụng từng tấc đất để trồng rau cải, dưa, ca…
Tuy nhien, do nhu cầu thi lớn, người ta đa chạy theo lợi nhuận nen đa sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu, diệt cỏ khong đung liều lượng, khong đung luc, khiến cho lượng thuốc tồn dư cao hoặc dung phân bon qua mức khiến cho lượng Nitrat cao, kim loại nặng hiện diện, đo la những mối quan ngại cho sức khoẻ con người khi phải sử dụng hang ngay. Trong đề tai nay, chung toi nghien cứu Chi (Pb).
Modular Pathway Engineering of Diterpenoid Synthases and the Mevalonic Acid Pathway for Miltiradiene Production (2012)

Microbial production can be advantageous over the extraction of phytoterpenoids from natural plant sources, but it remains challenging to rationally and rapidly access efficient pathway variants. Previous engineering attempts mainly focused on the mevalonic acid (MVA) or methyl-d-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways responsible for the generation of precursors for terpenoids biosynthesis, and potential interactions between diterpenoids synthases were unexplored. Miltiradiene, the product of the stepwise conversion of (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) catalyzed by diterpene synthases SmCPS and SmKSL, has recently been identified as the precursor to tanshionones, a group of abietane-type norditerpenoids rich in the Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza . Here, we present the modular pathway engineering (MOPE) strategy and its application for rapid assembling synthetic miltiradiene pathways in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . We predicted and analyzed the molecular interactions between SmCPS and SmKSL, and engineered their active sites into close proximity for enhanced metabolic flux channeling to miltiradiene biosynthesis by constructing protein fusions. We show that the fusion of SmCPS and SmKSL, as well as the fusion of BTS1 (GGPP synthase) and ERG20 (farnesyl diphosphate synthase), led to significantly improved miltiradiene production and reduced byproduct accumulation. The MOPE strategy facilitated a comprehensive evaluation of pathway variants involving multiple genes, and, as a result, our best pathway with the diploid strain YJ2X reached miltiradiene titer of 365 mg/L in a 15-L bioreactor culture. These results suggest that terpenoids synthases and the precursor supplying enzymes should be engineered systematically to enable an efficient microbial production of phytoterpenoids.
Surface Roughness and Contact Angle. (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Roughness and Contact Angle.Robert N. WenzelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1949, 53, 9, 1466–1467Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://doi.org/10.1021/j150474a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views17030Altmetric-Citations1685LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (169 KB) Get e-Alerts
Luminescence Quenching Behavior of Oxygen Sensing ORMOSIL Films Based on Ruthenium Complex (2001)

An organically modified silicate (ORMOSIL) based optical sensor response to gaseous O2 or O2 dissolved in water is presented. The oxygen sensing film mechanism is based on the principle of fluorescence quenching of tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium ( Ⅱ )([Ru(dpp)3]2+), which has been entrapped in a porous ORMOSIL film. In order to establish optimum film-processing parameters, comprehensive investigations, including the effects of the polarity and the hydrophobicity of the sensing film on oxygen quenching response and response time, were carried out. The film hydrophobicity increased as a function of dimethyldimethoxysilane (DiMe-DMOS) content, which is correlated with enhanced oxygen sensor performance. The sensor developed in the present work exhibits the advantages of fast response time and good reversibility. The detection limits are 0. 50% and 0. 3μg/Ml for O2 in the gaseous and the aqueous phases, respectively.
ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLIDS (STERNORRHYNCHA: PSYLLIDAE) AND GREENING DISEASE OF CITRUS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK IN FLORIDA (2004)

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, was discovered in Florida in 1998. It can be one of the most serious pests of citrus if the pathogens that cause citrus greening disease (huanglongbing) are present. Citrus greening recently has been reported in Brazil by Fundecitrus, Brazil. The establishment of D. citri in Florida increases the possibility that the disease may become established. Diaphorina citri can be separated from about 13 other species of psyllids reported on citrus. The biology of D. citri makes it ideally suited to the Florida climate. Only two species, D. citri and Trioza erytreae (del Guercio), have been implicated in spread of citrus greening, a disease caused by highly fastidious phloem-inhabiting bacteria. The disease is characterized by blotchy mottle on the leaves, and misshapen, poorly colored off-tasting fruit. In areas where the disease is endemic, citrus trees may live for only 5-8 years and never bear usable fruit. The disease occurs throughout much of Asia and Africa south of the Sahara Desert, on several small islands in the Indian Ocean, and in the Saudi Arabian Peninsula. Transmission of citrus greening occurs primarily via infective citrus psyllids and grafting. It is transmissible experimentally through dodder and might be transmitted by seed from infected plants and transovarially in psyllid vectors. Citrus greening disease is restricted to Citrus and close citrus relatives because of the narrow host range of the psyllid vectors. Management of citrus greening disease is difficult and requires an integrated approach including use of clean stock, elimination of inoculum via voluntary and regulatory means, use of pesticides to control psyllid vectors in the citrus crop, and biological control of psyllid vectors in non-crop reservoirs. There is no place in the world where citrus greening disease occurs that it is under completely successful management. Eradication of citrus greening disease may be possible if it is detected early. Research is needed on rapid and robust diagnosis, disease epidemiology, and psyllid vector control.