gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen sulfide attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by preservation of mitochondrial function (2007)

The recent discovery that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an endogenously produced gaseous second messenger capable of modulating many physiological processes, much like nitric oxide, prompted us to investigate the potential of H(2)S as a cardioprotective agent. In the current study, we demonstrate that the delivery of H(2)S at the time of reperfusion limits infarct size and preserves left ventricular (LV) function in an in vivo model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI-R). This observed cytoprotection is associated with an inhibition of myocardial inflammation and a preservation of both mitochondrial structure and function after I-R injury. Additionally, we show that modulation of endogenously produced H(2)S by cardiac-specific overexpression of cystathionine gamma-lyase (alpha-MHC-CGL-Tg mouse) significantly limits the extent of injury. These findings demonstrate that H(2)S may be of value in cytoprotection during the evolution of myocardial infarction and that either administration of H(2)S or the modulation of endogenous production may be of clinical benefit in ischemic disorders.
Effect of DHEAS on Skeletal Muscle Over the Life Span: The InCHIANTI Study (2004)

In men aged 60-79 years, circulating DHEAS is an independent correlate of muscle strength and calf muscle area. The possible causal role of declining DHEAS in age-related sarcopenia should be further explored in longitudinal studies.
CANDID: comparison algorithm for navigating digital image databases (2002)

In this paper, we propose a method for calculating the similarity between two digital images. A global signature describing the texture, shape, or color content is first computed for every image stored in a database, and a normalized distance between probability density functions of feature vectors is used to match signatures. This method can be used to retrieve images from a database that are similar to an example target image. This algorithm is applied to the problem of search and retrieval for a database containing pulmonary CT imagery, and experimental results are provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and sepsis: The jury is still out* (2007)

Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL The author has not disclosed any potential conflicts of interest.
An Overview of the KL‐ONE Knowledge Representation System* (1985)

KL‐ONE is a system for representing knowledge in Artificial Intelligence programs. It has been developed and refined over a long period and has been used in both basic research and implemented knowledge‐based systems in a number of places in the AI community. Here we present the kernel ideas of KL‐ONE, emphasizing its ability to form complex structured descriptions. In addition to detailing all of KL‐ONE's description‐forming structures, we discuss a bit of the philosophy underlying the system, highlight notions of taxonomy and classification that are central to it, and include an extended example of the use of KL‐ONE and its classifier in a recognition task.
Simultaneous amplification and channel equalization using Raman amplifier for 30 channels in 1.3-μm band (2001)

A new technique is proposed to simultaneously amplify signals and equalize power unbalance caused by Raman-induced crosstalk among optical channels in the 1.3-/spl mu/m band. The crosstalk is induced in GeO/sub 2/-doped silica fibers due to the Raman-gain coefficient with a positive slope below the peak-frequency shift of 440 cm/sup -1/. Highly doped GeO/sub 2/ silica fiber, however, shows a negative slope across the band between 440 cm/sup -1/ and 490 cm/sup -1/. We propose expansion of the Raman-gain band with a negative slope over the bandwidth of 150 cm/sup -1/ using multiple pumps. Utilizing the negative gain slope of the proposed band, simultaneous amplification and power equalization was theoretically demonstrated for 30 channels in the 1.310-1.345 /spl mu/m region without external filters.
Stimulation of differentiated functions in human melanoma cells by tumor-promoting agents and dimethyl sulfoxide. (1979)

Treatment of cultured human HO melanoma cells with the mouse skin tumor promoter phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) at 5 x 10(-10) to 5 x 10(-7) M resulted in a dose-related inhibition of growth and a stimulation of differentiated functions. These included melanin synthesis and formation of dendrite-like structures. Higher doses of phorbol dibutyrate, a less potent tumor promoter, were required to produce an effect comparable to that of PMA for dendrite induction. Phorbol and two other phorbol esters, which lack tumor-promoting activity, were either inactive or elicited a poor response. In addition to morphological changes, treatment with PMA altered glucosamine incorporation into membrane gangliosides. After PMA treatment, glucosamine incorporation increased 8- to 10-fold in the GM3 ganglioside and decreased 2-fold in the GM1 ganglioside, as compared to phorbol or untreated control. Inhibition of cell growth and stimulation of melanin synthesis were also observed after treatment of the HO cells with dimethyl sulfoxide. Unlike the tumor-promoting agents, dimethyl sulfoxide did not induce the formation of dendrite-like structures in the cells. These findings indicate that HO melanoma cells can be stimulated into terminally differentiated cells after treatment with tumor-promoting agents such as phorbol diesters.
Analgesics. 3. Selected 1-substituted and 1,3-disubstituted 5-propionoxy-5-(1-phenylethyl)barbituric acids (1975)

Several 1,3-disubstituted and 1-substituted derivatives of 5-propionoxy-5-(1-phenylethyl)barbituric acid were synthesized and evaluated for analgesic activity. Three of these compounds, 1,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-5-propionoxy-5-(1-phenylethyl)barbituric acid (2), 1,3-dimethyl-5-propionoxy-5-(1-phenylethyl)barbituric acid (7), and 1-methyl-5-propionoxy-5-(1-phenylethyl)barbituric acid (10), exhibited better oral activity than codeine sulfate.
A Sign-Equality-Based Background Timing-Mismatch Calibration Algorithm for Time-Interleaved ADCs (2016)

A background timing-mismatch calibration algorithm is proposed, which detects and corrects the sampling time mismatches in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter (ADC) channels by analyzing the sign-equality of a reference slope and a timing-mismatch-induced error value. The sign of the ideal derivative along the input is estimated through the adjacent channel outputs, thus not requiring an additional time-shifted ADC channel. The sign of the reference slope, which is the estimated sign of the ideal derivative at the sampling edge of the reference ADC, is matched against the sign of the error value to determine if the timing mismatch is leading or lagging the sampling edge of the reference ADC. The proposed algorithm aligns the sampling edge of each subchannel to that of the reference ADC by handling only two sign bits and thus reduces the timing mismatches with only negligible hardware overhead consisting of simple logic gates.
<title>Fibre Bragg grating strain sensors for aerospace smart structures</title> (1994)

Fiber Bragg grating strain sensors have been embedded in carbon fiber composite beams at BAe. A program of work to develop sensory structures is addressing issues of fiber sensor embedding, multiplexing, optical connection, and temperature compensation.
Estimation – 2D Projective Transformations (2004)

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Combining Multi-Agent Systems and Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Crop Irrigation (2017)

Monitoring mechanisms that ensure efficient crop growth are essential on many farms, especially in certain areas of the planet where water is scarce. Most farmers must assume the high cost of the required equipment in order to be able to streamline natural resources on their farms. Considering that many farmers cannot afford to install this equipment, it is necessary to look for more effective solutions that would be cheaper to implement. The objective of this study is to build virtual organizations of agents that can communicate between each other while monitoring crops. A low cost sensor architecture allows farmers to monitor and optimize the growth of their crops by streamlining the amount of resources the crops need at every moment. Since the hardware has limited processing and communication capabilities, our approach uses the PANGEA architecture to overcome this limitation. Specifically, we will design a system that is capable of collecting heterogeneous information from its environment, using sensors for temperature, solar radiation, humidity, pH, moisture and wind. A major outcome of our approach is that our solution is able to merge heterogeneous data from sensors and produce a response adapted to the context. In order to validate the proposed system, we present a case study in which farmers are provided with a tool that allows us to monitor the condition of crops on a TV screen using a low cost device.
Apoptosis as a mechanism of cytolysis of tumor cells by a pathogenic free-living amoeba (1994)

Previous studies have shown that trophozoites of the pathogenic free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii rapidly lysed a variety of tumor cells in vitro. Tumor cells undergoing parasite-mediated lysis displayed characteristic cell membrane blebbing reminiscent of apoptosis. The present investigation examined the role of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in Acanthamoeba-mediated tumor cell lysis. The results showed that more than 70% of tumor cell DNA was fragmented following exposure to Acanthamoeba cell extracts. By contrast, only 7% of untreated control cells underwent DNA fragmentation. DNA fragmentation increased significantly in a dose-dependent fashion following concentration of the parasite extract. Apoptosis was also confirmed by DNA ladder formation. Characteristic DNA ladders, consisting of multimers of approximately 180 to 200 bp, were produced by tumor cells exposed to Acanthamoeba cell extracts. The morphology of tumor cell lysis was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Tumor cells exposed to parasite extract displayed morphological features characteristic of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, cell membrane blebbing, formation of apoptotic bodies, and nuclear condensation. By contrast, similar effects were not found in tumor cells exposed to extract similarly prepared from normal mammalian cells (i.e., human keratocytes). The results suggest that at least one species of pathogenic free-living amoeba is able to lyse tumor cells by a process that culminates in apoptosis.
An image‐guided high intensity focused ultrasound device for uterine fibroids treatment (2002)

A high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) device was developed for treating uterine fibroid tumors. This prototype device enables image-guided therapy by aligning a commercially available abdominal ultrasound image probe to a vaginal HIFU transducer so the HIFU focus is in the image plane. The device was designed based on anatomical constraints of the female pelvic structures. HIFU was generated using a 3.5 MHz PZT-8 crystal, 25.4 mm in diameter, bonded to an aluminum lens. Computer simulations were performed to ensure that effective focusing was achievable at a fixed focal depth of 40 mm. Transducer efficiency was empirically determined to be 58%, and the half pressure maximum focal dimensions were 11 mm in length and 1.2 mm in width. A water-filled latex condom surrounding the transducer provided acoustic coupling, a stand-off, and allowed water circulation for transducer cooling. In vitro experiments in a tissue-mimicking gel phantom and in turkey breast demonstrated ultrasound image-guided lesion formation, or tissue necrosis, at the focus due to HIFU induced thermal and cavitation effects. The HIFU treatment site appeared as a hyperechoic spot on the ultrasound image at intensities above 1250 W/cm2. The results of in vitro experiments and in vivo ergonomic testing in six human volunteers indicated that the device has the potential of providing a nonsurgical approach for uterine fibroid treatment. Future in vivo studies in large animal models and fibroids patients are planned.
Analysis of Genomic Integrity and p53-Dependent G1Checkpoint in Telomerase-Induced Extended-Life-Span Human Fibroblasts (1999)

Life span determination in normal human cells may be regulated by nucleoprotein structures called telomeres, the physical ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres have been shown to be essential for chromosome stability and function and to shorten with each cell division in normal human cells in culture and with age in vivo. Reversal of telomere shortening by the forced expression of telomerase in normal cells has been shown to elongate telomeres and extend the replicative life span (H. Vaziri and S. Benchimol, Curr. Biol. 8:279-282, 1998; A. G. Bodnar et al., Science 279:349-352, 1998). Extension of the life span as a consequence of the functional inactivation of p53 is frequently associated with loss of genomic stability. Analysis of telomerase-induced extended-life-span fibroblast (TIELF) cells by G banding and spectral karyotyping indicated that forced extension of the life span by telomerase led to the transient formation of aberrant structures, which were subsequently resolved in higher passages. However, the p53-dependent G1 checkpoint was intact as assessed by functional activation of p53 protein in response to ionizing radiation and subsequent p53-mediated induction of p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1). TIELF cells were not tumorigenic and had a normal DNA strand break rejoining activity and normal radiosensitivity in response to ionizing radiation.
Tissue-specific light-regulated expression directed by the promoter of a C4 gene, maize pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase, in a C3 plant, rice. (1993)

Pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK; EC 2.7.9.1) activity is abundant in leaves of C4 plants, while it is difficult to detect in leaves of C3 plants. Recent studies have indicated that C3 plants have a gene encoding PPDK, with a structure similar to that of PPDK in C4 plants. However, low expression makes PPDK detection difficult in C3 plants. This finding suggests that high PPDK expression in C4 plants is due to regulatory mechanisms which are not operative in C3 plants. We have introduced a chimeric gene consisting of the gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS; EC 3.2.1.31) controlled by the PPDK promoter from a C4 plant, maize, into a C3 cereal, rice. The chimeric gene was exclusively expressed in photosynthetic organs, leaf blades and sheaths, and not in roots or stems. Histochemical analysis of GUS activity demonstrated high expression of the chimeric gene in photosynthetic organs, localized in mesophyll cells, and no or very low activity in other cells. GUS expression was also regulated by light in that it was low in etiolated leaves and was enhanced by illumination. These observations indicate that the mechanisms responsible for cell-specific and light-inducible regulation of PPDK observed in C4 plants are also present in C3 plants. We directly tested whether rice has DNA-binding protein(s) which interact with a previously identified cis-acting element of the C4-type gene. Gel retardation assays indicate the presence in rice of a protein which binds this element and is similar to a maize nuclear protein which binds PPDK in maize. Taken together, these results indicate that the regulatory system which controls PPDK expression in maize is not unique to C4 plants.
Wash‐out of DMSO does not improve the speed of engraftment of cord blood transplantation: follow‐up of 46 adult patients with units shipped from a single cord blood bank (2003)

A 2x dilution after thawing cord blood did not result in the improvement of myeloid engraftment speed.
Autogenous vaccine therapy for condyloma acuminatum. A double-blind controlled study. (1982)

In an attempt to substantiate claims that autogenous vaccine is an effective form of immunotherapy for condyloma acuminatum, a double-blind cross-over study was carried out on 34 patients, in which autogenous wart vaccine was compared with a placebo vaccine identically prepared from each patient's own normal skin. It was found that the duration of disease was an important determinant of curability in patients with condylomata acuminata (P less than 0.001) and that when this factor was taken into account autogenous wart vaccine was not significantly more effective than the placebo (P = 0.43).
Exocytosis in excitable cells: a conserved molecular machinery from yeast to neuron (1997)

One of the basic cellular functions of nearly every cell type is the exocytotic release of synthesized molecules, stored and packaged into intracellular vesicles or granules. A variety of approaches has been used to identify and characterize the molecules that mediate vesicular trafficking along the secretory pathway. The findings obtained with these approaches suggest that common mechanisms may underlie a wide variety of vesicle-mediated transport steps. This review presents some of the recent findings regarding the study of the cellular mechanisms which control neurotransmitter and hormone release from neurons and endocrine cells respectively, and focuses on regulation of these mechanisms. The similarities between these two cell types can be seen as evidence to support the hypothesis according to which the regulated exocytosis apparatus could have evolved from a constitutive fusion machinery to which some key modulators have been added. Insight into secretory vesicles will be relevant not only to the understanding of vesicular trafficking or cell polarity but also to the understanding of higher nervous functions resulting from synaptic plasticity.
Polarization and interaction of adhesion molecules P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 3 with moesin and ezrin in myeloid cells (2000)

In response to the chemoattractants interleukin 8, C5a, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and interleukin 15, adhesion molecules P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3), CD43, and CD44 are redistributed to a newly formed uropod in human neutrophils. The adhesion molecules PSGL-1 and ICAM-3 were found to colocalize with the cytoskeletal protein moesin in the uropod of stimulated neutrophils. Interaction of PSGL-1 with moesin was shown in HL-60 cell lysates by isolating a complex with glutathione S-transferase fusions of the cytoplasmic domain of PSGL-1. Bands of 78- and 81-kd were identified as moesin and ezrin by Western blot analysis. ICAM-3 and moesin also coeluted from neutrophil lysates with an anti-ICAM-3 immunoaffinity assay. Direct interaction of the cytoplasmic domains of ICAM-3 and PSGL-1 with the amino-terminal domain of recombinant moesin was demonstrated by protein-protein binding assays. These results suggest that the redistribution of PSGL-1 and its association with intracellular molecules, including the ezrin-radixin-moesin actin-binding proteins, regulate functions mediated by PSGL-1 in leukocytes stimulated by chemoattractants.
CCL19 and CXCL12 Triggerin VitroChemotaxis of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma B Cells (2004)

CCR7 and CXCR4 ligands may play a key role in tumor cell migration and spreading in vivo. CXCL12 may additionally contribute by sensitizing MCL B cells to respond to the ligands of other chemokine receptors.
Clusterin expression is significantly enhanced in prostate cancer cells following androgen withdrawal therapy (2002)

Upregulation of clusterin levels following androgen ablation therapy may represent an adaptive cell survival response following apoptotic signals like androgen withdrawal. These findings support clusterin as a valid therapeutic target in strategies employing novel multimodality therapy for advanced prostate cancer.
Characterization of plaque components and vulnerability with intravascular ultrasound elastography (2000)

Intravascular ultrasound elastography is a method for measuring the local elastic properties using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The elastic properties of the different tissues within the atherosclerotic plaque are measured through the strain. Knowledge of these elastic properties is useful for guiding interventional procedures (balloon dilatation, ablation) and detection of the vulnerable plaque. In the last decade, several groups have applied elastography intravascularly with various levels of success. In this paper, the approaches of the different research groups will be discussed. The focus will be on our approach to the application of intravascular elastography. Elastograms were acquired in vitro and in vivo using the relative local displacements between IVUS images acquired at two levels of intravascular pressure with a 30 MHz mechanical or a 20 MHz array echo catheter. These displacements were estimated from the time shift between gated radiofrequency echo signals using cross-correlation algorithms with interpolation around the peak. Experiments on gel-based phantoms mimicking atherosclerotic vessels demonstrated the capability of elastography to identify soft and hard tissues independently of the echogenicity contrast. In vitro experiments on human arteries have demonstrated the potential of intravascular elastography to identify different plaque types based on their mechanical properties. These plaques could not be identified using the IVUS image alone. In vivo experiments revealed that reproducible elastograms could be obtained near end-diastole. Partial validation using the echogram was performed. Intravascular elastography provides information that is frequently unavailable or inconclusive from the IVUS image and which may therefore assist in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic disease.
The fungal vacuole: composition, function, and biogenesis (1990)

The fungal vacuole is an extremely complex organelle that is involved in a wide variety of functions. The vacuole not only carries out degradative processes, the role most often ascribed to it, but also is the primary storage site for certain small molecules and biosynthetic precursors such as basic amino acids and polyphosphate, plays a role in osmoregulation, and is involved in the precise homeostatic regulation of cytosolic ion and basic amino acid concentration and intracellular pH. These many functions necessitate an intricate interaction between the vacuole and the rest of the cell; the vacuole is part of both the secretory and endocytic pathways and is also directly accessible from the cytosol. Because of the various roles and properties of the vacuole, it has been possible to isolate mutants which are defective in various vacuolar functions including the storage and uptake of metabolites, regulation of pH, sorting and processing of vacuolar proteins, and vacuole biogenesis. These mutants show a remarkable degree of genetic overlap, suggesting that these functions are not individual, discrete properties of the vacuole but, rather, are closely interrelated.