gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Micromachined ultrasonic materials (2002)

Ultrasonic matching layers are necessary for efficient coupling between piezoelectric ceramics and either air or water. Current materials are formed by suspending particles in an epoxy matrix. A technique using silicon micromachining techniques and IC fabrication technology to build low-loss, high-purity, and controllable acoustic matching layers is proposed. The performance of micromachined matching layers was measured and compared with theory. With this technique it is possible to fabricate ultrasonic matching layers with impedances between 0.02 and 20 MRayls for operation at frequencies between 1 and 200 MHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dynamics of putative raft-associated proteins at the cell surface (2004)

Lipid rafts are conceptualized as membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipid that serve as platforms for protein segregation and signaling. The properties of these domains in vivo are unclear. Here, we use fluorescence recovery after photobleaching to test if raft association affects a protein's ability to laterally diffuse large distances across the cell surface. The diffusion coefficients (D) of several types of putative raft and nonraft proteins were systematically measured under steady-state conditions and in response to raft perturbations. Raft proteins diffused freely over large distances (> 4 microm), exhibiting Ds that varied 10-fold. This finding indicates that raft proteins do not undergo long-range diffusion as part of discrete, stable raft domains. Perturbations reported to affect lipid rafts in model membrane systems or by biochemical fractionation (cholesterol depletion, decreased temperature, and cholesterol loading) had similar effects on the diffusional mobility of raft and nonraft proteins. Thus, raft association is not the dominant factor in determining long-range protein mobility at the cell surface.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Subcutaneous Injection and Intravenous Infusion of Recombinant Human Interleukin-12 and Recombinant Human Interleukin-12 Combined with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Cynomolgus Monkeys (2010)

We found that the PK of rhIL-12 was dose-dependent and its pharmacological effects appeared after T(max) and lasted much longer than mean retention time.
A Scalable 3D Heterogeneous Multi-Core Processor with Inductive-Coupling ThruChip Interface (2014)

The authors developed a scalable heterogeneous multicore processor. 3D heterogeneous chip stacking of a general-purpose CPU and reconfigurable multicore accelerators enables various trade-offs between performance and energy consumption. The stacked chips interconnect through a scalable 3D network on a chip (NoC). By simply changing the number of stacked accelerator chips, processor parallelism can be widely scaled. No design change is needed, and hence, no additional nonrecurring engineering (NRE) cost is required. An inductive-coupling ThruChip Interface (TCI) is applied to stacked-chip communications, forming a low-cost and robust high-speed 3D NoC. The authors developed a prototype system called Cube-1 with 65-nm CMOS test chips, and confirmed successful system operations, including 10 hours of continuous Linux OS operation. Simple filters and a streaming application were implemented on Cube-1 and performance acceleration up to about three times was achieved.
Angle-Dependent Optical Effects Deriving from Submicron Structures of Films and Pigments (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAngle-Dependent Optical Effects Deriving from Submicron Structures of Films and PigmentsGerhard Pfaff and Peter ReyndersView Author Information Merck KGaA, Pigments Division, 64271 Darmstadt, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 7, 1963–1982Publication Date (Web):June 11, 1999Publication History Received6 July 1998Revised15 March 1999Published online11 June 1999Published inissue 1 July 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970075uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970075uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3425Altmetric-Citations266LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Coating materials,Dyes and pigments,Layers,Oxides,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Batch fabricated thin-film electrodes for stimulation of the central auditory system (1989)

Silicon micromachining and thin-film technology were used to fabricate iridium stimulating arrays which can be used to excite discrete volumes of the central nervous system. Silicon multichannel probes with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 40 mu m and arbitrary two-dimensional shape can be fabricated using a high-yield, circuit-compatible process. Iridium stimulating sites are shown to have similar characteristics to iridium wire electrodes. Accelerated pulse testing with over eight million 100 mu A biphasic current pulses on 8000 mu m/sup 2/ sites demonstrated the long-term stability of iridium and activated iridium sites. In vivo tests were performed in the central auditory pathways to demonstrate neural activation using the devices. These tests show a selective activation both as a function of site separation and site size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gastrointestinal flora and gastrointestinal status in children with autism – comparisons to typical children and correlation with autism severity (2011)

The strong correlation of gastrointestinal symptoms with autism severity indicates that children with more severe autism are likely to have more severe gastrointestinal symptoms and vice versa. It is possible that autism symptoms are exacerbated or even partially due to the underlying gastrointestinal problems. The low level of SCFA's was partly associated with increased probiotic use, and probably partly due to either lower production (less sacchrolytic fermentation by beneficial bacteria and/or lower intake of soluble fiber) and/or greater absorption into the body (due to longer transit time and/or increased gut permeability).
Antigen-Independent Suppression of the Allergic Immune Response to Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 by DNA Vaccination in CBA/J Mice (2001)

Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) is one of the major honey bee venom allergens for humans. To assess the long-term prevention of allergic reactions by DNA vaccination, a PLA(2)-CBA/J mouse model was employed using empty or PLA(2) sequence-carrying DNA plasmids. Early skin application of either DNA construct before (prophylactic approach) or after (therapeutic approach) sensitization with PLA(2)/alum led to reduced PLA(2)-specific IgE and IgG1 titers at 7 mo, with concomitant rise in IgG2a and IgG3. Splenocytes recovered at 5-6 mo after the last DNA administration exhibited a sustained IFN-gamma and IL-10 secretion and reduced IL-4 production. Recall challenge with PLA(2) boosted IFN-gamma and IL-10 secretion, suggesting the reactivation of quiescent memory Th1 lymphocytes. Mice from the prophylactic groups were fully protected against anaphylaxis, whereas 65% of the animals recovered in the therapeutic groups. Th1-polarized immune responses were also active in mice vaccinated with an empty plasmid 32 wk before sensitization with another Ag (OVA). This is the first demonstration that the Ag-coding sequence in DNA vaccine is not necessary to promote immune modulation in naive and sensitized animals for a prolonged period, and has relevance for the understanding of the innate and induced mechanisms underlying gene immunotherapy in long-term treatment of allergy.
Photo- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related Materials (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhoto- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related MaterialsToshihiro YamaseView Author Information Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226, JapanCite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 1, 307–326Publication Date (Web):January 7, 1998Publication History Received1 April 1997Revised17 October 1997Published online7 January 1998Published inissue 1 February 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9604043https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9604043research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9197Altmetric-Citations1277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Lattices,Ligand to metal charge transfer,Oxides,Oxygen Get e-Alerts
Controlled Assembly and Dispersion of Strain-Induced InGaAs/GaAs Nanotubes (2008)

Group III-V semiconductor nanotubes (SNTs) are formed when strained planar bilayers are released from the substrate. Compared to other nanotechnology building blocks, one of the main advantages of SNTs is the capability of precise positioning due to the top-down fabrication approach. In this letter, we demonstrate large-area assembly of ordered arrays of In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> As/GaAs nanotubes and the dispersion of their freestanding form into solution and onto foreign substrates. In addition, we systematically investigate the crystal orientation dependence of rolling behavior using a wheel configuration, which serves as a guide for assembly homogeneity. Theoretical and experimental evaluations of tube diameters are also discussed.
The composition of human saliva secreted in response to a gustatory stimulus and to pilocarpine (1966)

1. The composition of human saliva secreted in response to sour lemon drops (S.L.D.), and pilocarpine, was studied.2. At a given flow rate, pilocarpine-stimulated submandibular and parotid saliva contained less sodium and potassium and an equivalent amount of inorganic phosphate, and parotid saliva also contained more calcium and protein than did the corresponding types of S.L.D.-stimulated saliva.3. Prolonged S.L.D. stimulation did not cause a depletion in the protein concentration of either parotid or submandibular saliva and neither this procedure nor pilocarpine stimulation altered the proportions of the different proteins secreted.4. Pilocarpine was judged to be an inadequate substitute for more physiological, gustatory stimuli.
Accurate whole-genome sequencing and haplotyping from 10 to 20 human cells (2012)

Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing have brought the vision of personal genomics and genomic medicine closer to reality. However, current methods lack clinical accuracy and the ability to describe the context (haplotypes) in which genome variants co-occur in a cost-effective manner. Here we describe a low-cost DNA sequencing and haplotyping process, long fragment read (LFR) technology, which is similar to sequencing long single DNA molecules without cloning or separation of metaphase chromosomes. In this study, ten LFR libraries were made using only ∼100 picograms of human DNA per sample. Up to 97% of the heterozygous single nucleotide variants were assembled into long haplotype contigs. Removal of false positive single nucleotide variants not phased by multiple LFR haplotypes resulted in a final genome error rate of 1 in 10 megabases. Cost-effective and accurate genome sequencing and haplotyping from 10-20 human cells, as demonstrated here, will enable comprehensive genetic studies and diverse clinical applications.
Detection of quantitative trait loci for growth and carcass composition in cattle1,2 (2003)

The objective of the present study was to detect quantitative trait loci for economically important traits in a family from a Bos indicus x Bos taurus sire. A Brahman x Hereford sire was used to develop a half-sib family (n = 547). The sire was mated to Bos taurus cows. Traits analyzed were birth (kg) and weaning weights (kg); hot carcass weight (kg); marbling score; longissimus area (cm2); USDA yield grade; estimated kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (%); fat thickness (cm); fat yield (%); and retail product yield (%). Meat tenderness was measured as Warner-Bratzler shear force (kg) at 3 and 14 d postmortem. Two hundred and thirty-eight markers were genotyped in 185 offspring. One hundred and thirty markers were used to genotype the remaining 362 offspring. A total of 312 markers were used in the final analysis. Seventy-four markers were common to both groups. Significant QTL (expected number of false-positives < 0.05) were observed for birth weight and longissimus area on chromosome 5, for longissimus area on chromosome 6, for retail product yield on chromosome 9, for birth weight on chromosome 21, and for marbling score on chromosome 23. Evidence suggesting (expected number of false-positives < 1) the presence of QTL was detected for several traits. Putative QTL for birth weight were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, and 3, and for weaning weight on chromosome 29. For hot carcass weight, QTL were detected on chromosomes 10, 18, and 29. Four QTL for yield grade were identified on chromosomes 2, 11, 14, and 19. Three QTL for fat thickness were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 7, and 14. For marbling score, QTL were identified on chromosomes 3, 10, 14, and 27. Four QTL were identified for retail product yield on chromosomes 12, 18, 19, and 29. A QTL for estimated kidney, pelvic, and heart fat was detected on chromosome 15, and a QTL for meat tenderness measured as Warner-Bratzler shear force at 3 d postmortem was identified on chromosome 20. Two QTL were detected for meat tenderness measured as Warner-Bratzler shear force at 14 d postmortem on chromosomes 20 and 29. These results present a complete scan in all available progeny in this family. Regions underlying QTL need to be assessed in other populations.
Curcumin: an orally bioavailable blocker of TNF and other pro‐inflammatory biomarkers (2013)

This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Therapeutic Aspects in Oncology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.169.issue-8.
Assessment of laser Doppler perfusion imager’s in vivo reliability: Can it be used for a prospective analysis? (2002)

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the laser Doppler perfusion imager (Lisca PIM 1.0; Lisca development, Linkoping, Sweden) for longitudinal analysis. We measured the skin blood flow under a biological zero condition at the forearm level in 84 patients enrolled in a 12 week prospective interventional trial. Since the biological zero is the background reading registered by the laser when blood flow has been occluded, any fluctuation of the measurements obtained under this condition can be attributable to the laser scanner’s variability rather than biological variation. After the blood flow of the arm was occluded and arrested by a pressure cuff, blood perfusion readings were taken before and after the iontophoresis of a 1% acetylcholine chloride solution and a 1% sodium nitroprusside solution at the beginning of the study and during the two follow-up visits. A total of 927 biological zero readings were recorded throughout the study. The coefficient of variation of these measurements was 15.7%±8.5%. We conclude that laser Doppler perfusion imaging is a reliable and reproducible technique to assess the skin blood flow for prospective study since the variability of the measurements depending on the instrument itself is low.
Towards integrated PSEs for wireless communications (2004)

This paper describes the computational methodologies of two problem solving environments (PSEs) for wireless network design and analysis, one academic (S 4 W) and one commercial (SitePlanner®). The PSEs address differently common computational issues such as environment specification, propagation modeling, channel performance prediction, system design optimization, and data management. The intended uses, interfaces, and capabilities of the two PSEs are compared and contrasted in a common framework. An important future direction, for these two and all future wireless system design PSEs, is resolving the fundamental 'impedance mismatch' between physical channel modeling and upper level protocol modeling in wireless networks.
ADP-ribosylation of membrane proteins catalyzed by cholera toxin: basis of the activation of adenylate cyclase. (1978)

In the presence of ATP and a cytosolic factor, cholera toxin fragment A1 catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD to a number of soluble and membrane-bound proteins of the pigeon erythrocyte. Evidence is presented that suggests that the most readily modified membrane protein (Mr 42,000) is the adenylate cyclase-associated GTP-binding protein. Its modification by toxin is stimulated by guanine nucleotides. Adenylate cyclase activity increases in parallel with the addition of ADP-ribose to this protein and decreases in parallel with the subsequent reversal of ADP-ribosylation by toxin and nicotinamide. The protein is only accessible to toxin A subunits if the erythrocytes are lysed. When adenylate cyclase activity reaches a maximum, the number of ADP-ribose residues bound to this protein (about 1500 per cell) is similar to the reported number of beta-adrenergic receptors.
Zebrafish: A model vertebrate suitable for the analysis of human genetic disorders (2013)

Zebrafish is a popular model vertebrate because of its conservation of a significant number of morphological and physiological processes in vertebrate organogenesis. A number of zebrafish mutants isolated from chemical mutagenesis screens exhibit characterized morphological defects that often resemble the symptoms of human genetic disorders. Recent innovations in genome-editing technologies, such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, enable us to investigate the loss-of-function phenotypes of developmentally regulated genes in zebrafish. This review highlights recent advances in reverse genetic technologies for zebrafish and presents possible applications of zebrafish for the study of human genetic disorders.
Cell differentiation in isolated inner cell masses of mouse blastocystsin vitro:onset of specific gene expression (1979)

Inner cell masses (ICMs) were isolated by immunosurgery from giant blastocysts formed by the aggregation of three morulae. A layer of endoderm cells formed on the outer surface of these primary ICMs in vitro. When this layer was removed by immunosurgery, a secondary endoderm layer formed. Alphafetoprotein (AFP) was used as a biochemical marker to characterize visceral endoderm formation in these cultured ICMs. The immunoperoxidase reaction on sections of ICMs cultured for intervals up to 120 h in vitro showed that some primary endoderm cells contained AFP, but these were always in the minority. The secondary endoderm layer, on the other hand, was composed of predominantly AFP-positive cells. It is concluded that the primary endoderm contains mainly parietal endoderm cells, while the secondary layer contains visceral endoderm cells. A model is proposed for the consecutive differentiation of parietal and visceral endoderm cell types from the ICM of mouse blastocysts.
Comparing RBF and BP neural networks in dipole localization (2003)

We propose to use a Radial Basis Function (RBF) network for source localization in the brain, and systematically compare its performance with that of the backpropagation neural network (BPNN). Also, these two neural network techniques are compared with a conventional technique, the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) technique. We conclude that the RBF and BPNN techniques are complementary to each other in that each one excels in estimating different source parameters. Both network techniques are superior to the LM technique in the presence of noisy data typical of clinical EEG measurements.
Fork-like DNA templates support bypass replication of lesions that block DNA synthesis on single-stranded templates (1996)

DNA replication is an asymmetric process involving concurrent DNA synthesis on leading and lagging strands. Leading strand synthesis proceeds concomitantly with fork opening, whereas synthesis of the lagging strand essentially takes place on a single-stranded template. The effect of this duality on DNA damage processing by the cellular replication machinery was tested using eukaryotic cell extracts and model DNA substrates containing site-specific DNA adducts formed by the anticancer drug cisplatin or by the carcinogen N-2-acetylaminofluorene. Bypass of both lesions was observed only with fork-like substrates, whereas complete inhibition of DNA synthesis occurred on damaged single-stranded DNA substrates. These results suggest a role for additional accessory factors that permit DNA polymerases to bypass lesions when present in fork-like DNA.
The Met Receptor Degradation Pathway (2004)

Acute stimulation of the receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor Met leads to receptor monoubiquitination and down-regulation through the lysosomal degradation pathway. We have determined that the Met receptor undergoes multiple monoubiquitination as opposed to the appendage of polyubiquitin chains. Nevertheless, overexpression of ubiquitin in HEK293T cells enhances the rate of Met receptor degradation, in contrast to a point mutant of ubiquitin (K48R) that cannot form Lys(48)-linked polyubiquitin chains. Furthermore, an enhancement of Met degradation is also seen under conditions where the proteasome is inhibited by lactacystin. We propose that this reflects polyubiquitin-dependent sorting of Met, as the overexpression of ubiquitin but not K48R ubiquitin also restores hepatocyte growth factor-dependent phosphorylation of the endosomal coat protein Hrs from inhibition by lactacystin. Our data indicate a requirement for K48R-linked polyubiquitin for Met endosomal trafficking independent of its canonical function of targeting for proteasomal degradation.