gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed Key Generation in the Wild. (2012)

Distributed key generation (DKG) has been studied extensively in the cryptographic literature. However, it has never been examined outside of the synchronous setting, and the known DKG protocols cannot guarantee safety or liveness over the Internet. In this work, we present the first realistic DKG protocol for use over the Internet. We propose a practical system model for the Internet and define an efficient verifiable secret sharing (VSS) scheme in it. We observe the necessity of Byzantine agreement for asynchronous DKG and analyze the difficulty of using a randomized protocol for it. Using our VSS scheme and a leader-based agreement protocol, we then design a provably secure DKG protocol. We also consider and achieve cryptographic properties such as uniform randomness of the shared secret and compare static versus adaptive adversary models. Finally, we implement our DKG protocol, and establish its efficiency and reliability by extensively testing it on the PlanetLab platform. Counter to a general non-scalability perception about asynchronous systems, our experiments demonstrate that our asynchronous DKG protocol scales well with the system size and it is suitable for realizing multiparty computation and threshold cryptography over the Internet.
Identification and Characterization of Inhibitors of the Aminoglycoside Resistance Acetyltransferase Eis from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2011)

Stopping resistance in tuberculosis: The unusually regioversatile acetyltransferase Eis is a cause of resistance to kanamycin A in cases of tuberculosis. En route to new tuberculosis treatments, several inhibitors of the Eis enzyme were identified and characterized.
Training-induced alterations of glucose flux in men (1997)

We examined the hypothesis that glucose flux was directly related to relative exercise intensity both before and after a 10-wk cycle ergometer training program in 19 healthy male subjects. Two pretraining trials [45 and 65% of peak O2 consumption (VO2peak)] and two posttraining trials (same absolute and relative intensities as 65% pretraining) were performed for 90 min of rest and 1 h of cycling exercise. After training, subjects increased VO2peak by 9.4 +/- 1.4%. Pretraining, the intensity effect on glucose kinetics was evident with rates of appearance (R(a); 5.84 +/- 0.23 vs. 4.73 +/- 0.19 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1)), disappearance (R(d); 5.78 +/- 0.19 vs. 4.73 +/- 0.19 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1) x min(-1)), oxidation (R(ox); 5.36 +/- 0.15 vs. 3.41 +/- 0.23 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1)), and metabolic clearance (7.03 +/- 0.56 vs. 5.20 +/- 0.28 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) of glucose being significantly greater (P < or = 0.05) in the 65% than the 45% VO2peak trial. When R(d) was expressed as a percentage of total energy expended per minute (R(dE)), there was no difference between the 45 and 65% intensities. Training did reduce R(a) (4.63 +/- 0.25), R(d) (4.65 +/- 0.24), R(ox) (3.77 +/- 0.43), and R(dE) (15.30 +/- 0.40 to 12.85 +/- 0.81) when subjects were tested at the same absolute workload (P < or = 0.05). However, when they were tested at the same relative workload, R(a), R(d), and R(dE) were not different, although R(ox) was lower posttraining (5.36 +/- 0.15 vs. 4.41 +/- 0.42, P < or = 0.05). These results show 1) glucose use is directly related to exercise intensity; 2) training decreases glucose flux for a given power output; 3) when expressed as relative exercise intensity, training does not affect the magnitude of blood glucose use during exercise; 4) training alters the pathways of glucose disposal.
Novel di-2-pyridyl–derived iron chelators with marked and selective antitumor activity: in vitro and in vivo assessment (2004)

Aroylhydrazone and thiosemicarbazone iron (Fe) chelators have potent antitumor activity. The aim of the current study was to examine the antitumor effects and mechanisms of action of a novel series of Fe chelators, the di-2-pyridyl thiosemicarbazones. Of 7 new chelators synthesized, 4 showed pronounced antiproliferative effects. The most active chelator was Dp44mT, which had marked and selective antitumor activity-for example, an IC(50) of 0.03 microM in neuroepithelioma cells compared with more than 25 microM in mortal fibroblasts. Indeed, this antiproliferative activity was the greatest yet observed for an Fe chelator. Efficacy was greater than it was for the cytotoxic ligand 311 and comparable to that of the antitumor agent doxorubicin. Strikingly, Dp44mT significantly (P <.01) decreased tumor weight in mice to 47% of the weight in the control after only 5 days, whereas there was no marked change in animal weight or hematologic indices. Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining demonstrated apoptosis in tumors taken from mice treated with Dp44mT. This chelator caused a marked increase of caspase-3 activity in murine Madison-109 (M109) cells. Caspase activation was at least partially mediated by the release of mitochondrial holo-cytochrome c (h-cytc) after incubation with Dp44mT. In conclusion, Dp44mT is a novel, highly effective antitumor agent in vitro and in vivo that induces apoptosis.
Human urine proteome analysis by three separation approaches (2005)

The urinary proteome is known to be a valuable field of study related to organ functions. There have been several extensive urine proteome studies. However, the overlapping rate among different studies is relatively low. Whether the low overlapping rate was caused by different sample sources, preparation, separation and identification methods is unknown. Moreover, low molecular mass (<10 kDa) proteins have not been studied extensively. In this report, male and female pooled urine samples were collected from healthy volunteers. The urinary proteins were acetone precipitated, separated and identified by three approaches, 1-DE plus 1-D LC/MS/MS, direct 1-D LC/MS/MS and 2-D LC/MS/MS. 1-D tricine gels were used to separate low molecular mass proteins. The tandem mass spectra of positive identifications were quality controlled both by manual validation and using advanced mass spectrum scanner software. A total of 226 urinary proteins were identified; 171 proteins were identified by proteomics approach for the first time, including 4 male-specific proteins. Twelve low molecular mass proteins were identified. Most urinary proteins had a molecular mass between 30 and 60 kDa and a pI between 4 and 10. The apparent molecular masses of many proteins were different from theoretical ones, which indicated their post-translational modification and degradation. The effects of sample preparation, separation and identification methods on the overlapping rate of different experiments are discussed.
Zebra mussels : biology, impacts, and control (1993)

Part 1 Biology: thirty years of studies of dreissena polymorpha pallas ecology in Mazurian lakes of northeastern Poland. Part 2 Morphology and physiology: the anatomy of dreissena polymorpha and the evolution and success of the heteromyarian form in the dreissenoida. Part 3 Impacts: the impact of dreissena polymorpha on water works operation at Monroe Michigan. Part 4 Controls: monitoring and control of dreissena polymorpha and other macrofouling bivalves in European industrial and power plant cooling water systems.
A phase II, open-label pilot study evaluating the safety and activity of liposomal irinotecan (Nal-IRI) in combination with 5-FU and oxaliplatin (NALIRIFOX) in preoperative treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (NEO-Nal-IRI Study). (2021)

TPS446 Background: Neoadjuvant treatment for potentially curable pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is increasing in acceptability, but a standard regimen has yet to be established. Multiple studies have demonstrated feasibility and effectiveness of the FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) regimen in the perioperative setting. However, FOLFIRINOX often requires dose modifications, delays and growth factor support due to excessive toxicity which can complicate care delivery when given neoadjuvantly. Liposomal irinotecan injection (Nal-IRI) is FDA approved with a well-tolerated safety profile in relapsed, refractory metastatic PDAC. The current study aims to substitute Nal-IRI for traditional irinotecan in the standard FOLFIRINOX regimen (NALIRIFOX) and to demonstrate safe and effective neoadjuvant delivery. Methods: This phase II, open-label, multicenter single-arm study focuses on patients (pts) with operable PDAC without metastatic disease. Other key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years, resectability confirmed by multiD GI tumor board (resectable vs. borderline), adequate cardiac, renal, hepatic function and ECOG performance status of 0 to 1. Pts receive NALIRIFOX regimen as per the table below every 2 weeks for four months followed by disease reassessment. Pts who remain surgical candidates will undergo surgical resection within 4 to 8 weeks following last dose of therapy. The primary endpoint is to assess safety and feasibility of regimen in perioperative setting. Secondary endpoints include R0 resection rate, clinical, biochemical and radiological response rate and patient-reported quality of life during treatment as measured by the NCI validated FACT-G scale. Enrollment continues to a maximum of 28 evaluable pts to demonstrate a reduction in historical 30 day postoperative complication rate. Clinical trial information: NCT03483038. [Table: see text]
Major Glycoprotein Antigens That Induce Antibodies in AIDS Patients Are Encoded by HTLV-III (1985)

Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III.
Transversal push-pull method for optical pickup (1989)

The authors have developed the transversal push-pull (TPP) method for removing track offset. The basic principle and characteristics of the TPP method are described. The proposed method has the following features: (1) ability to remove track error offset caused by objective lens shifting; (2) no chance for track error offset in recording on a write-once disk, because of one-beam scanning; (3) no limitation of spot size on the photodetector (therefore, the effect of photodetector movement is depressed); and (4) application to a compact disk system. The TPP has negligible offset in playing back compact disks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Serum YKL-40, a Potential New Marker of Disease Activity in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2003)

Serum YKL-40 is elevated in patients with active IBD and may be complementary to inflammatory markers and clinical characteristics in the assessment of disease activity.
Preparation and Characterization of Au Colloid Monolayers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Characterization of Au Colloid MonolayersKatherine C. Grabar, R. Griffith. Freeman, Michael B. Hommer, and Michael J. NatanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 4, 735–743Publication Date (Print):February 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00100a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00100a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22044Altmetric-Citations2456LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The market for spinning reserve and its impacts on energy prices (2002)

To make the energy market reliable and transactions deliverable, transmission owners must provide the necessary ancillary services that are critical to ensure transmission open access and power quality. Spinning reserve is one of the important ancillary services to maintain system reliability in the case of a contingency. By definition, spinning reserve is the unloaded section of synchronized power that is able to respond immediately to serve the load, and is fully available within ten minutes. Since the spinning reserve must be provided by synchronized units (pumped hydro units and/or interruptible load for some ISOs), these units can either provide energy or spinning reserve or both based on their bids. Study shows that spinning reserve requirements have significant impacts on the energy market. Transmission congestion may reallocate spinning reserve among generators to release the overloads. Different market structures for spinning reserve have been investigated and illustrated by a small example. Different ISO's (California, PJM, New York, and New England) practices on spinning reserve market have been summarized and commented upon. A new spinning reserve market structure is proposed to better utilize the available resources to meet load and spinning reserve requirement with the transmission constraints.
Solid-State NMR, X-ray Diffraction, and Thermoanalytical Studies Towards the Identification, Isolation, and Structural Characterization of Polymorphs in Natural Bile Acids (2009)

Combined solid-state NMR, powder, and single crystal X-ray diffraction, as well as thermoanalytical studies were performed towards the identification, isolation, and structural characterization of polymorphs present in commercial samples of six natural bile acids. The 13C{1H} cross-polarization (CP) magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR technique was used as a primary tool to identify the mixture of polymorphs present in the natural bile acids obtained from commercial sources. A detailed study including selective crystallization of each polymorphic form of the bile acids in different solvents and mixture of solvents was carried out, and their spectral patterns were compared with the mode of packing and number of molecules present in an asymmetric unit. These studies were strongly supported by other complementary techniques such as powder/single crystal X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) experiments. While a few single crystal X-ray structures are solved in order to confirm the correct polymorphic form, most of the powder X-ray diffraction data were compared with the simulated X-ray patterns obtained from previously reported single crystal structures. Detailed analyses using multiple experimental techniques provided useful insights towards the mode of packing which is responsible for unique spectral patterns in the solid state.
RALEE—RNA ALignment Editor in Emacs (2004)

sgj@sanger.ac.uk
Results of secondary prophylaxis in children with severe hemophilia (1994)

In this study, 13 children with severe hemophilia were given routine replacement infusions of factor VIII or IX to treat arthropathy. The children who had a mean age of 6.9 years (range 2.0-12.5) at initiation of prophylaxis had experienced an average of 43 acute hemorrhages (range 8-127) in the year prior to prophylaxis, of which a mean of 24 (range 5-46) were into joints. Therapy was begun in five children, using factor VIII concentrate at 20 U/kg three times a week, and one boy received factor IX concentrate 40 U/kg twice a week. This dose schedule was inadequate for three factor VIII-deficient boys and for the one factor IX-deficient boy. Two of three factor VIII-deficient boys responded to an increase to 30 U/kg prior to the 3-day interval. The dose frequency was increased to three times a week for the factor IX-deficient boy, but he continued to bleed and was taken to synovectomy. One of the original five factor VIII-deficient boys plus seven other factor VIII-deficient boys were begun on factor VIII 20 U/kg every other day; 3 boys ceased bleeding. Trough factor VIII levels were measured 24 hr after an infusion in the five boys who continued to bleed. Factor VIII dosage was adjusted to achieve a trough level of > 1%; 4 responded to an increase in the dose of factor VIII; 1 had an adequate trough but, due to compliance issues, was taken to synovectomy. Serial clinical and radiographic assessments determined stabilization of joint disease in more than one-half of the boys. No child showed reversal of abnormal radiographic findings. Institution of aggressive factor VIII and IX concentrate in children with established hemophilic arthropathy does not reverse joint disease but may alter the clinical course of hemophilia. Future studies to compare this intervention with primary prophylaxis instituted prior to the onset of recurrent joint hemorrhage are warranted.
Synthesis and evaluation of the antiovulatory activity of a variety of melatonin analogs (1979)

A series of melatonin analogues was synthesized and examined for ovulation-blocking activity. Deviation from the 5-methoxy group or substitution of the 1 position prevented activity. Activity was not particularly sensitive to minor variations in the N-acyl group nor was it significantly altered by methylation of position 2 or the alpha-methylene; however, a pronounced enhancement resulted from halogenation of the 6 position.
Insulin Degradation: Progress and Potential* (1998)

Insulin degradation is a regulated process that plays a role in controlling insulin action by removing and inactivating the hormone. Abnormalities in insulin clearance and degradation are present in various pathological conditions including type 2 diabetes and obesity and may be important in producing clinical problems. The uptake, processing, and degradation of insulin by cells is a complex process with multiple intracellular pathways. Most evidence supports IDE as the primary degradative mechanism, but other systems (PDI, lysosomes, and other enzymes) undoubtedly contribute to insulin metabolism. Recent studies support a multifunctional role for IDE, as an intracellular binding, regulatory, and degradative protein. IDE increases proteasome and steroid hormone receptor activity, and this activation is reversed by insulin. This raises the possibility of a direct intracellular interaction of insulin with IDE that could modulate protein and fat metabolism. The recent findings would place intracellular insulin-IDE interaction into the insulin signal transduction pathway for mediating the intermediate effects of insulin on fat and protein turnover.
Swelling Packer for Zonal Isolation in Open Hole Screen Completions (2002)

Abstract Open hole screen completions are efficient in installation and reliable in use if designed properly. The major weakness of Open Hole screen completions have been lack of zonal isolation. An Open Hole Zonal Isolation packer has been developed and installed in 5 wells with up to 14 packers per well. No downtime, operational time or installation failures were experienced. The packer construction is based on the swelling properties of rubbers with crude oil.
Simulated Capillary Blood Flow Measurement Using a Nonlinear Ultrasonic Contrast Agent (1992)

This paper proposes a system for measuring slow, small volume blood flow, such as that found in the capillary beds. The method relies on the injection of a strongly nonlinear echocardiographic contrast agent, whose echoes are then analyzed by a modified Doppler process. The contrast agent is necessary to increase the signal-to-clutter ratio from the small blood volume, and to distinguish the blood movement from other moving structures, such as vessel walls or surrounding tissue. The nonlinear properties of this saccharide-based contrast agent are described, as evidenced by experimental evaluation. The contrast agent and signal processing modality are then tested in a blood flow simulator, at velocities as low as 1.5 mm/s, with good results. In addition, an analysis for applying this technique in vivo is presented, accounting for the dynamic and acoustic parameters of the physiological environment. Finally, some specific applications for this method are discussed, including its limitations.
Tricyclic Series of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors Part I: Discovery of Tricyclic Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines as Potent Inhibitors of the Hsp90 Molecular Chaperone (2011)

A novel class of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors was developed after a low throughput screen (LTS) of a focused library containing approximately 21K compounds selected by virtual screening. The initial [1-{3-H-imidazo[4-5-c]pyridin-2-yl}-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoindole-6-one] (1) compound showed moderate activity (IC(50) = 7.6 μM on Hsp82, the yeast homologue of Hsp90). A high-resolution X-ray structure shows that compound 1 binds into an "induced" hydrophobic pocket, 10-15 Å away from the ATP/resorcinol binding site. Iterative cycles of structure-based drug design (SBDD) and chemical synthesis led to the design and preparation of analogues with improved affinity. These optimized molecules make productive interactions within the ATP binding site as reported by other Hsp90 inhibitors. This resulted in compound 8, which is a highly potent inhibitor in biochemical and cellular assays (K(d) = 0.35 nM on Hsp90; IC(50) = 30 nM on SKBr3 mammary carcinoma cells) and in an in vivo leukemia model.
Multifunctional Acyltransferases from Tetrahymena thermophila (2011)

Multifunctional acyltransferases are able to catalyze the esterification of various acyl-acceptors with activated fatty acids. Here we describe the identification of four proteins from Tetrahymena thermophila that share certain properties with mammalian acyltransferases regarding their predicted transmembrane structure, their molecular mass and the typical acyltransferase motif. Expression of the Tetrahymena sequences results in production of triacylglycerols and wax esters in recombinant yeast when appropriate substrates are provided. The in vitro characterization shows, that these enzymes are capable of esterifying different acyl-acceptors including fatty alcohols, diols, diacylglycerols and isoprenols with acyl-CoA thioesters. Based on these catalytic activities and the sequence similarities of the Tetrahymena proteins with acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) family members, we conclude that we identified a new group of DGAT2-related multifunctional acyltransferases from protozoan organisms.