gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Separation, identification and determination of lumichrome in swine feed and kidney (1991)

During surveillance of hog carcasses from Manitoba for antibiotic residues by the Health of Animals Laboratory, Agriculture Canada, Saskatoon, an unknown substance was found which produced tetracycline-like results with the methods used. This same substance was found in an implicated swine feed premix. Using various HPLC systems and columns, UV spectroscopy, reverse-phase TLC, and mass spectrometry, the substance was isolated from the feed premix, and identified as lumichrome, a photodegradation product of riboflavin. Traces of the same substance were found in riboflavin standard. Analysis of swine kidney, previously found to contain the unknown, showed the same substance was present at a level of about 1 ppm.
Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways (2002)

Innate defenses in the lung Microanatomy of the airway surfaceWith the advent of the capacity to fix airway surface liquid (ASL) in vivo, using the perfluorocarbon/osmium technique pioneered by Sims et al. ( 12), and the development of well-differentiated (WD) human airway epithelial cultures that exhibit mucus transport in vitro (13), it is now possible to investigate the microanatomy of mucus transport on airway surfaces at high resolution.Representative images depicting the range of morphologic techniques that can be applied to this culture system are shown in Figure 2.Analysis of photomicrographs of this preparation, combined with immunocytochemical studies, have revealed several key features of the microanatomy of the ASL compartment (13,14).The ASL consists of at least two layers, a mucus layer and a periciliary liquid layer (PCL; Figure 2).The mucus layer consists of high-molecular weight, heavily glycosylated macromolecules, products of at least two distinct genes (MUC5AC and MUC5B), that behave as a tangled network of polymers Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways
Up-regulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 by small activating RNA inhibits the in vitro and in vivo growth of pancreatic cancer cells (2012)

Aims and background To study the inhibitory effect of p21 WAF1/CIP1 activation by saRNA on the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 in vitro and in vivo. Methods and study design A dsRNA (dsP21) targeting the p21 WAF1/CIP1 gene promoter at position-322 relative to the transcription start site was transfected into PANC-1 cells. Expression of mRNA and protein was evaluated by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Proliferation of PANC-1 cells was measured by the MTT method, and the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. PANC-1 cells were transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice, and the inhibitory effect of dsP21 on tumor growth was observed. Results The introduction of dsP21 was shown to efficiently up-regulate expression of the p21 WAF1/CIP1 gene in PANC-1 cells according to the results of RT-PCR and Western blotting (P &lt;0.01, compared with controls). The inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was confirmed by the MTT test (P &lt;0.05, compared with controls). The apoptosis rate of PANC-1 cells treated with dsP21 was significantly higher than that of the control cells (P &lt;0.01). Our experimental data showed that dsP21-mediated up-regulation of p21 expression exerted an apparent growth inhibitory effect on PANC-1 cells in vivo. Conclusions dsP21 targeting the p21 WAF1/CIP1 gene promoter can specifically up-regulate expression of the p21 WAF1/CIP1 gene in PANC-1 cells. It therefore has a substantially inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and can be used as a new method and material for the gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Trickle: a self-regulating algorithm for code propagation and maintenance in wireless sensor networks (2004)

We present Trickle, an algorithm for propagating and maintaining code updates in wireless sensor networks. Trickle uses a "polite gossip" policy, where nodes periodically broadcast a code summary to local neighbors but stay quiet if they have recently heard a summary identical to theirs. When a node hears an older summary than its own, it broadcasts an update. Instead of flooding a network with packets, the algorithm controls the send rate so each node hears a small trickle of packets, just enough to stay up to date. &lt;p&gt;We first analyze Trickle using an idealized single-cell network model, with perfect synchronization and no packet loss. Progressively relaxing these assumptions, we evaluate the algorithm in simulation, first without synchronization, then in the presence of loss, and finally in the multi-cell case. We validate these simulation results with empirical data from a real-world deployment. We show that Trickle scales well, with the aggregate network transmission count increasing as a logarithm of cell density. We show that by dynamically adjusting listening periods, Trickle can rapidly propagate new code, taking on the order of seconds, while keeping maintenance costs on the order of a few sends per hour per node
ANAC012, a member of the plant‐specific NAC transcription factor family, negatively regulates xylary fiber development in Arabidopsis thaliana (2007)

Vascular plants evolved to have xylem that provides physical support for their growing body and serves as a conduit for water and nutrient transport. In a previous study, we used comparative-transcriptome analyses to select a group of genes that were upregulated in xylem of Arabidopsis plants undergoing secondary growth. Subsequent analyses identified a plant-specific NAC-domain transcription factor gene (ANAC012) as a candidate for genetic regulation of xylem formation. Promoter-GUS analyses showed that ANAC012 expression was preferentially localized in the (pro)cambium region of inflorescence stem and root. Using yeast transactivation analyses, we confirmed the function of ANAC012 as a transcriptional activator, and identified an activation domain in the C terminus. Ectopic overexpression of ANAC012 in Arabidopsis (35S::ANAC012 plants) dramatically suppressed secondary wall deposition in the xylary fiber and slightly increased cell-wall thickness in the xylem vessels. Cellulose compositions of the cell wall were decreased in the inflorescent stems and roots of 35S::ANAC012 plants, probably resulting from defects in xylary fiber formation. Our data suggest that ANAC012 may act as a negative regulator of secondary wall thickening in xylary fibers.
Kinematic and Kinetic Variations of Below-Knee Amputee Gait (2002)

Although many studies have been carried out on prosthetic gait, the main parameters of below-knee amputee (BKA) gait are still poorly understood. The majority of the gait studies of amputees have focused on the temporal and distance variables, whereas kinetics of the gait may reveal more important information. The purpose of this study was to assess the prosthetic gait of transtibial amputees and compare it with the findings of other studies on BKA and able-bodied persons. Five male unilateral traumatic BKA between the ages of 32 and 77 years were tested. Ground reaction force data were combined with simultaneously recorded and subsequently digitized video data of coordinate motion to calculate joint kinetics data. The following variables were compared within the group and with those of nonamputees: linear velocity, relative angles, net moment, power, and work at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The results of this study indicated that BKA perform a higher than normal hip extension, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion of the unaffected side, whereas having more than normal hip and knee flexion during stance on the affected side. It was also shown that amputees tend to generate little power during push-off of the prosthetic side. Major findings of this study confirmed that BKA perform an asymmetrical gait that is different from those of normal population.
Seizure localization and pathology following head injury in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy (1995)

We studied seizure localization and surgical pathology in 25 patients who developed intractable complex partial seizures following head trauma. All patients underwent an extensive presurgical evaluation that included MRI, neuropsychological evaluation, and surface EEG monitoring, and 21 had intracranial EEG monitoring. Seizures were successfully localized in nine patients; all nine underwent a surgical procedure and are seizure-free. Six of these patients had a mesial temporal lobe seizure focus, of whom five had a pathologic diagnosis of mesial temporal sclerosis. All five patients who developed mesial temporal sclerosis sustained their head injury at or before age 5 years. The three remaining patients whose seizures were successfully localized had neocortical foci and circumscribed radiographic abnormalities, which were presumed to be secondary to head trauma, and all had successful surgical resections of the epileptogenic focus. The remaining 16 patients sustained later trauma, and all had successful surgical resections of the epileptogenic focus. The remaining 16 patients sustained later trauma and did not have a focal MRI lesion, and their seizures were not adequately localized. We conclude that as a group, seizure foci secondary to head trauma are difficult to localize accurately, and this should deter surgical intervention. There was an association between early head injury (ie, at or before age 5 years) and mesial temporal sclerosis, and this association aided seizure localization and successful surgical intervention. Therefore, under the right circumstances, trauma can be a suitable historical element in the profile of patients in whom epilepsy surgery is successful.
Osteoblasts and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Control Hematopoietic Stem Cell Migration and Proliferation in 3D In Vitro Model (2010)

Undifferentiated and one-week osteo-induced BMSC self-assembled in a 3D spheroid and formed a microenvironment that is informative for hematopoietic progenitor cells, allowing their lodgment and controlling their proliferation.
V. Polarized compartmentalization of antigen processing and Toll-like receptor signaling in intestinal epithelial cells (2002)

The intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) is exposed at the apical surface to a high concentration of foreign antigen and bacterial products capable of triggering inflammatory responses. Complex intracellular pathways of antigen trafficking and the polarized expression of immunologically active receptors provide additional means to regulate the inflammatory pathways in these cells. In the case of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II heterodimers, surface expression is highly restricted to the basolateral surface, and this also appears to be the case for Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) on polarized T84 human colon cancer cells. Processing of soluble antigen via HLA class II in IEC can occur following internalization from the apical surface but is highly inefficient. In addition, certain bacteria can facilitate the transport of flagellin (the ligand for TLR5) across an intact epithelium. Disruption of the tight junctions between IECs, allowing direct access of antigen and flagellin to the basolateral surface of the cell, dramatically affects the functional outcome HLA class II and TLR5 pathways.
Synthesis of Sequence Specific Phenylacetylene Oligomers on an Insoluble Solid Support (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Sequence Specific Phenylacetylene Oligomers on an Insoluble Solid SupportJames K. Young, James C. Nelson, and Jeffrey S. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 23, 10841–10842Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00102a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00102a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views672Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Prevalence of symptoms experienced by patients with different clinical types of psoriasis (2004)

Our study provides evidence of the high frequency of a number of symptoms in different subgroups of psoriasis patients determined by their sociodemographic characteristics, clinical type and disease severity. Symptoms represent a serious disabling factor in patients affected by psoriasis, including those with low levels of psychological distress. Dermatologists should include symptoms in the evaluation of disease severity both in clinical practice and in clinical trials.
Frequency-domain finite-difference amplitude-preserving migration (2004)

SUMMARY

A migration algorithm based on the least-squares formulation will find the correct reflector amplitudes if proper migration weights are applied. The migration weights can be viewed as a pre-conditioner for a gradient-based optimization problem. The pre-conditioner should approximate the pseudo-inverse of the Hessian of the least-squares functional. Usually, an infinite receiver coverage is assumed to derive this approximation, but this may lead to poor amplitude estimates for deep reflectors.



To avoid the assumption of infinite coverage, new amplitude-preserving migration weights are proposed based on a Born approximation of the Hessian. The expressions are tested in the context of frequency-domain finite-difference two-way migration and show improved amplitudes for the deeper reflectors.
High-Mobility Poly-Si Thin Film Transistors Fabricated on Stainless-Steel Foils by Low-Temperature Processes Using Sputter-Depositions (2000)

High mobility n- and p-channel polycrystalline Si thin film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) are successfully fabricated on flexible stainless-steel foils through low-temperature processes (≦200°C). In the low-temperature process, all films in the poly-Si TFT including active Si and gate SiO 2 films are deposited by glow-discharge sputtering and the Si films are crystallized by KrF excimer laser irradiation. Resulting n- and p-channel poly-Si TFTs show excellent characteristics of mobility of 106 cm 2 /V·s and 66 cm 2 /V·s, respectively. Moreover, they show low off-currents of 1×10 -10 A and on/off current ratios as high as 1×10 6 . Thus, these poly-Si TFTs are very promising for driver circuits and switching devices in novel flat panel displays of lightweight and mechanically strong liquid crystal displays and light emitting displays.
Monoclonal antibodies specific for p24, the major core protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type III. (1985)

Four mouse hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies specific for p24, the major core antigen of the human T-cell leukemia virus type III (HTLV-III), have been developed, and their specificities have been partially characterized. These antibodies specifically recognized p24 of HTLV-III in extracts of HTLV-III and in HTLV-III-producing cells. No epitopes cross-reactive with HTLV-I and -II were detected with these antibodies. These hybridomas will be extremely valuable reagents in identifying expression of HTLV-III in infected cultures and in cells or tissues from patients with suspected immunodeficiency syndrome.
Real-time software-based video coder for multimedia communication systems (1993)

Article Real-time software-based video coder for multimedia communication systems Share on Authors: Ho Chao Huang View Profile , Jau-Hsiung Huang View Profile , Ja-Ling Wu View Profile Authors Info & Claims MULTIMEDIA '93: Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on MultimediaSeptember 1993 Pages 65–73https://doi.org/10.1145/166266.166273Online:01 September 1993Publication History 7citation1,721DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads1,721Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
On the Hydrodynamic Diffusion of Rigid Particles of Arbitrary Shape with Application to DNA (2010)

A general model for the diffusive dynamics of rigid particles in a viscous solvent is studied. The model applies to particles of arbitrary shape and allows for arbitrary cross- and self-coupling between translational and rotational degrees of freedom. Scaling and perturbation techniques are used to characterize the dynamics at time scales relevant to different classic experimental methods. It is shown that translational and rotational motion can be treated as independent at these time scales and can be described by simplified diffusion models, provided that certain geometric and hydrodynamic parameters associated with a particle are small. These parameters are estimated for DNA molecules of different length using a sequence-dependent geometric model based on x-ray crystallography and a numerical boundary element technique. Our results suggest that, for short DNA fragments up to about a persistence length, translational data can be accurately analyzed using a simplified model characterized by a scalar, orientationally averaged diffusion coefficient, but not rotational data. Indeed, the accurate analysis of rotational data may require a model which accounts for self-coupling and other possible effects at the rotational time scale.
Multimedia abstractions for a digital video library (1997)

Multimedia abstractions form essential components of digital video libraries because they enable a user to determine a video’s distinguishing content without investing long viewing times or requiring high networktransfer speeds. This paper presents usage and evaluation data for abstractions implemented the Informedia Digital Video Library, and discusses implications for video delivery over the Web.
Pharmacological Characterization of Vasorelaxant Effects of BMS-180448, a Novel Cardioselective ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Opener, in Rat Aorta (2003)

This study was designed to characterize vasorelaxant effects of BMS-180448 ((3S-trans)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-cyano-N"-(6-cyano-3,4-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)), a prototype cardioselective ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, in rat aorta. BMS-180448 relaxed phenylephrine-precontracted endothelium-intact aortic rings (IC(50): 0.97 +/- 0.29 micro M), the effect being significantly attenuated by removal of functional endothelium (IC(50): 1.95 +/- 0.23 micro M) and pretreatment with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or methylene blue. BMS-180448 completely relaxed endothelium-denuded aorta contracted with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, PGF(2)(alpha), and U46619 with a significantly greater potency (IC(50): 0.069 +/- 0.002, 0.055 +/- 0.002, and 0.068 +/- 0.008 micro M, respectively, P<0.05) than that contracted with phenylephrine (1.95 +/- 0.23 micro M) or KCl (0.25 +/- 0.08 micro M), indicating potency change with the type of vasoconstrictor. BMS-180448 (1 - 3 micro M) inhibited Ca(2+) (0.5 - 2.5 mM)-induced contraction of endothelium-denuded aorta evoked in the presence of high KCl (65.4 mM), but had no effect on contraction induced by phenylephrine in Ca(2+)-free buffer. BMS-180448 (10 micro M) increased cAMP level in aorta by approximately two-fold compared with the control, comparable to forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator. These findings suggest that cardioselective BMS-180448 still exerts significant vasorelaxant activity in rat aorta contracted with various vasoconstrictors via multiple mechanisms including the blockade of extracellular Ca(2+) influx through voltage-dependent channels and activation of the adenylate cyclase and nitric oxide pathway, with the possibility of hemodynamic implications in certain clinical conditions such as myocardial infarction and hypertension.
Reactions of triterpenoid ketones with sulfur and morpholine under the conditions of Willgerodt-Kindler reaction (1986)

19β,28-Epoxy-18α-oleanan-3-one ( I ) when heated with sulfur in morpholine gives rise to 2-oxo derivative II , accompanied by a small amount of the starting ketone I . The reaction can be controlled to that 2-oxo derivative II is formed almost exclusively. Derivatives III-VII with a keto group and a further functional group in the position 2 and 3 also give 2-oxo derivative II . In the same manner 3-oxo-18α-oleanan-28→19β-olide ( XVIII ) was converted to 2-oxo derivative XIX . 1-Oxo derivative VIII and A-nor-ketone IX do not react under these conditions. An addition of vicinal diamine into the reaction mixture leads to the formation of compounds XIII, XV - XVII, XX with pyrazine cycle condensed with the ring A.
Volume‐activated chloride currents associated with the multidrug resistance P‐glycoprotein. (1995)

The ability to regulate volume is an important property of most, if not all cells. In epithelial cells, amongst others, cell volume-activated chloride channels are central to this response. The molecular identities of these channels are not yet known. Expression of the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been associated with cell volume-regulated chloride currents, although the nature of this association is the subject of debate. Recent data indicate that P-gp acts by regulating the activation of an endogenous channel protein. In this review, evidence associating P-gp with cell volume-activated chloride currents, and the possible mechanisms by which this might be achieved, are discussed.
Long-term Outcomes of Group B Streptococcal Meningitis (2012)

Survivors of GBS meningitis continue to have substantial long-term morbidity, highlighting the need for ongoing developmental follow-up and prevention strategies such as maternal immunization.