gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of a structural change in collagen upon binding to conditioned dentin studied by 13C NMR (1995)

To develop a better adhesive functional monomer, it is imperative to understand the adhesion mechanisms of the resin to the dentin surface. Bond strength to the decalcified dentin surface pretreated with dentin primer, an aqueous ethanol solution of N-methacryloyl glycine, increases by increasing the water content in the primer. The aqueous primer could increase the thickness of the hybrid layer. The structural change of dentinal collagen with NM alpha A was studied by using a model compound for collagen,--(1Pro-2Pro-3Gly)10--, by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The model compound was aggregated in ethanol but dissociated in water. It was found that NM alpha A effectively dissociated the aggregated model compound in water. The dissociation of decalcified dentin was essential to create a thick hybrid layer that could afford a higher bond strength to dentin.
Aerial Image Microscope for the inspection of defects in EUV masks (2002)

The high volume inspection equipment currently available to support development of EUV blanks is non-actinic. The same is anticipated for patterned EUV mask inspection. Once potential defects are identified and located by such non-actinic inspection techniques, it is essential to have instrumentation to perform detailed characterization, and if repairs are performed, re-evaluation. The ultimate metric for the acceptance or rejection of a mask due to a defect, is the wafer level impact. Thus, measuring the aerial image for the site under question is required. An EUV Aerial Image Microscope (“AIM”) similar to the current AIM tools for 248nm and 193nm exposure wavelength is the natural solution for this task. Due to the complicated manufacturing process of EUV blanks, AIM measurements might also be beneficial to accurately assessing the severity of a blank defect. This is an additional application for an EUV AIM as compared to today’s use. In recognition of the critical role of an EUV AIM for the successful implementation of EUV blank and mask supply, International SEMATECH initiated this design study with the purpose to define the technical requirements for accurately simulating EUV scanner performance, demonstrating the feasibility to meet these requirements and to explore various technical approaches to building an EUV AIM tool.
Biomimetics: Materials fabrication through biology (1999)

Many multicellular organisms produce hard tissues such as bones, teeth, shells, skeletal units, and spicules (1). These hard tissues are biocomposites and incorporate both structural macromolecules (lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides) and minerals of, perhaps, 60 different kinds, including hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate, and silica. A number of single-celled organisms (bacteria and algae) also produce inorganic materials either intracellularly or extracellularly (2). Examples include magnetotactic bacteria, which synthesize magnetite (3); chrysophytes (4), diatoms, and actinopoda (radiolarians; ref. 5), which synthesize siliceous materials; and S layer bacteria that have gypsum and calcium carbonate surface layers (6). Normally, hard tissues are mechanical devices (e.g., skeletal, cutting, grinding), or they serve a physical function (e.g., magnetic, optical, piezoelectric). Bioinorganics are also ion sources that are vital for physiological activities and, therefore, integral parts of the organisms (1, 2).
How Many Transcription Factors Does It Take to Turn On the Heme Oxygenase-1 Gene? (2006)

The ability to communicate with the environment and respond to changes--particularly those of an adverse nature--within that environment is critical for cell function and survival. A key component of the overall cellular stress response includes adjustments in the gene expression program in favor of proteins that manifest activities capable of frustrating and eventually eliminating the molecular constituents of the stress condition. One protein providing such cytoprotective activity is heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in heme catabolism (i.e., the oxidative cleavage of b-type heme molecules to yield equimolar quantities of biliverdin IXalpha, carbon monoxide, and iron). Because of the potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signaling properties of the reaction products, the HO-1 gene (hmox1) is frequently activated under a variety of cellular stress conditions. Cells use multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors to fine-tune their response to a specific circumstance. Among these factors, members of the heat-shock factor, nuclear factor-kappaB, nuclear factor-erythroid 2, and activator protein-1 families are arguably the most important regulators of the cellular stress response in vertebrates. Although there is functional overlap between individual families, each broadly regulates different aspects of the cellular stress response and thus, with some exceptions, modulates the expression of different sets of targets genes. To the best of our knowledge, hmox1 is unique in that it is proposed to be directly regulated by all four of these stress-responsive transcription factors. In this article we provide a review and analysis of the data supporting this proposition.
The role of manganese in promoting multimerization and assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase as a catalytically active complex on immobilized long terminal repeat substrates (1996)

The integration of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the genome of the host cell is an essential step in the replication of all retroviruses. Integration requires two discrete biochemical reactions; specific processing of each viral long terminal repeat terminus or donor substrate, and a DNA strand transfer step wherein the processed donor substrate is joined to a nonspecific target DNA. Both reactions are catalyzed by a virally encoded enzyme, integrase. A microtiter assay for the strand transfer activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase which uses an immobilized oligonucleotide as the donor substrate was previously published (D. J. Hazuda, J. C. Hastings, A. L. Wolfe, and E. A. Emini, Nucleic Acids Res. 22;1121-1122, 1994). We now describe a series of modifications to the method which facilitate study of both the nature and the dynamics of the interaction between integrase and the donor DNA. The enzyme which binds to the immobilized donor is shown to be sufficient to catalyze strand transfer with target DNA substrates added subsequent to assembly; in the absence of the target substrate, the complex was retained on the donor in an enzymatically competent state. Assembly required high concentrations of divalent cation, with optimal activity achieved at 25 mM MnCl2. In contrast, preassembled complexes catalyzed strand transfer equally efficiently in either 1 or 25 mM MnCl2, indicating mechanistically distinct functions for the divalent cation in assembly and catalysis, respectively. Prior incubation of the enzyme in 25 mM MnCl2 was shown to promote the multimerization of integrase in the absence of a DNA substrate and alleviate the requirement for high concentrations of divalent cation during assembly. The superphysiological requirement for MnCl2 may, therefore, reflect an insufficiency for functional self-assembly in vitro. Subunits were observed to exchange during the assembly reaction, suggesting that multimerization can occur either before or coincident with but not after donor binding. These studies both validate and illustrate the utility of this novel methodology and suggest that the approach may be generally useful in characterizing other details of this biochemical reaction.
Penicilliumexpansum:  Consistent Production of Patulin, Chaetoglobosins, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Culture and Their Natural Occurrence in Fruit Products (2004)

Penicillium expansum is known for its destructive rot and patulin production in apple juice. According to the literature, P. expansum can, among other compounds, produce citrinin, ochratoxin A, patulin, penitrem A, and rubratoxin B. In this study the qualitative production of metabolites was examined using TLC (260 isolates), HPLC (85 isolates), and MS (22 isolates). The results showed that none of the 260 isolates produced ochratoxin A, penitrem A, or rubratoxin B. However, chaetoglobosin A and communesin B were produced consistently by all 260 isolates. Patulin and roquefortine C were produced by 98% of the isolates. Expansolides A/B and citrinin were detected in 91 and 85% of the isolates, respectively. Chaetoglobosins and communesins were detected in naturally infected juices and potato pulp, whereas neither patulin nor citrinin was found. Because most P. expansum isolates produce patulin, citrinin, chaetoglobosins, communesins, roquefortine C, and expansolides A and B, foods contaminated with this fungus should ideally be examined for chaetoglobosin A as well as patulin.
Interactions Between Medicare and Medicaid Home Care in Connecticut: Responses to the 1997 BBA (2001)

Although overlaps exist in the provision of home care services financed by Medicare and Medicaid, interactions of the two funding sources at the beneficiary and home care provider levels have not been widely studied. The recent dramatic declines in Medicare home health spending present a rare opportunity to examine how changes in Medicare spending can affect the provision of Medicaid home care services. We conducted a study of Medicare-Medicaid dynamics in the state of Connecticut to shed light on the inter-relationships of the two funding sources.
Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and d-amphetamine in healthy subjects (2019)

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic psychedelic, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an empathogen, and D-amphetamine is a classic stimulant. All three substances are used recreationally. LSD and MDMA are being investigated as medications to assist psychotherapy, and D-amphetamine is used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. All three substances induce distinct acute subjective effects. However, differences in acute responses to these prototypical psychoactive substances have not been characterized in a controlled study. We investigated the acute autonomic, subjective, and endocrine effects of single doses of LSD (0.1 mg), MDMA (125 mg), D-amphetamine (40 mg), and placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in 28 healthy subjects. All of the substances produced comparable increases in hemodynamic effects, body temperature, and pupil size, indicating equivalent autonomic responses at the doses used. LSD and MDMA increased heart rate more than D-amphetamine, and D-amphetamine increased blood pressure more than LSD and MDMA. LSD induced significantly higher ratings on the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness scale and Mystical Experience Questionnaire than MDMA and D-amphetamine. LSD also produced greater subjective drug effects, ego dissolution, introversion, emotional excitation, anxiety, and inactivity than MDMA and D-amphetamine. LSD also induced greater impairments in subjective ratings of concentration, sense of time, and speed of thinking compared with MDMA and D-amphetamine. MDMA produced greater ratings of good drug effects, liking, high, and ego dissolution compared with D-amphetamine. D-Amphetamine increased ratings of activity and concentration compared with LSD. MDMA but not LSD or D-amphetamine increased plasma concentrations of oxytocin. None of the substances altered plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. These results indicate clearly distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine and may assist the dose-finding in substance-assisted psychotherapy research.
NF-AT Activation Induced by a CAML-Interacting Member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (1997)

Activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells transcription factor (NF-AT) is a key event underlying lymphocyte action. The CAML (calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand) protein is a coinducer of NF-AT activation when overexpressed in Jurkat T cells. A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily was isolated by virtue of its affinity for CAML. Cross-linking of this lymphocyte-specific protein, designated TACI (transmembrane activator and CAML-interactor), on the surface of transfected Jurkat cells with TACI-specific antibodies led to activation of the transcription factors NF-AT, AP-1, and NFkappaB. TACI-induced activation of NF-AT was specifically blocked by a dominant-negative CAML mutant, thus implicating CAML as a signaling intermediate.
Regioselective glucosidation of trans-resveratrol in Escherichia coli expressing glucosyltransferase from Phytolacca americana (2011)

A glucosyltransferase (GT) of Phytolacca americana (PaGT3) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified for the synthesis of two O-β-glucoside products of trans-resveratrol. The reaction was moderately regioselective with a ratio of 4'-O-β-glucoside: 3-O-β-glucoside at 10:3. We used not only the purified enzyme but also the E. coli cells containing the PaGT3 gene for the synthesis of glycoconjugates. E. coli cell cultures also have other advantages, such as a shorter incubation time compared with cultured plant cells, no need for the addition of exogenous glucosyl donor compounds such as UDP-glucose, and almost complete conversion of the aglycone to the glucoside products. Furthermore, a homology model of PaGT3 and mutagenesis studies suggested that His-20 would be a catalytically important residue.
Advanced Hypertensive Heart Disease in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1996)

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) is accompanied by a structural remodeling of the myocardium that includes myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial and perivascular fibrosis of intramyocardial coronary arteries. The structural abnormalities related to fibrous tissue accumulation lead to increased myocardial diastolic stiffness and ultimately impaired systolic function of the left ventricle. It has been shown in 14-week-old SHR with early hypertensive heart disease that myocardial fibrosis could be reversed and myocardial diastolic stiffness normalized by 12-week treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril. Whether such functional defects of the myocardium, based on adverse structural changes, are also reversible in advanced hypertensive heart disease has been questioned. Therefore, we treated 78-week-old male SHR that had chronic hypertension and advanced LVH with severe myocardial fibrosis and age- and sex-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) with 20 mg/kg per day oral lisinopril for 8 months. Compared with untreated SHR or WKY, we found the following: (1) Systolic arterial pressure was normalized (P < .025) and LVH completely reversed (P < .025) in SHR, with no significant reduction in systolic arterial pressure or left ventricular mass in WKY; (2) morphometrically determined myocardial fibrosis in SHR was significantly reversed (P < .025) and associated with improved diastolic stiffness (P < .05), which was measured in the isolated heart by calculation of the stiffness constant of the myocardium; no significant changes occurred in WKY; (3) reversal of myocardial fibrosis was accompanied by an increase (P < .025) in myocardial matrix metalloproteinase 1 activity determined by degradation of [14C]collagen with myocardial tissue extracts after trypsin activation of myocardial promatrix metalloproteinase 1; matrix metalloproteinase 1 activity remained unchanged in WKY treated with lisinopril; and (4) systolic dysfunction, measured by a significantly (P < .025) diminished slope of the systolic stress-strain relation under isovolumic conditions of the left ventricle, was found in 110-week-old SHR, and it could be prevented by lisinopril treatment. Thus, long-term angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with lisinopril normalized arterial pressure and LVH, reversed myocardial fibrosis, and improved abnormal myocardial diastolic stiffness in advanced hypertensive heart disease in SHR. In addition, systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle could be prevented. The fibrolytic response to lisinopril was at least partly due to enhanced collagen degradation by activation of tissue matrix metalloproteinase 1.
The i750 video processor (1991)

article Free Access Share on The i750 video processor: a total multimedia solution Authors: Kevin Harney Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJ Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJView Profile , Mike Keith Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJ Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJView Profile , Gary Lavelle Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJ Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJView Profile , Lawrence D. Ryan Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJ Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJView Profile , Daniel J. Stark Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJ Intel Corp., Plainsboro, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 34Issue 4April 1991pp 64–78https://doi.org/10.1145/103085.103092Published:01 April 1991Publication History 30citation555DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations30Total Downloads555Last 12 Months42Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Time Evolution of Nanoparticle–Protein Corona in Human Plasma: Relevance for Targeted Drug Delivery (2013)

When nanoparticles (NPs) enter a biological fluid (e.g., human plasma (HP)), proteins and other biomolecules adsorb on the surface leading to formation of a rich protein shell, referred to as "protein corona". This corona is dynamic in nature and its composition varies over time due to continuous protein association and dissociation events. Understanding the time evolution of the protein corona on the time-scales of a particle's lifetime in blood is fundamental to predict its fate in vivo. In this study, we used lipid NPs, the cationic lipid 3β-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] (DC-Chol) and the zwitterionic lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), that are among the most promising nanocarriers both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated the time evolution of DC-Chol-DOPE NPs upon exposure to HP. On time scales between 1 and 60 minutes, nanoliquid tandem mass spectrometry revealed that the protein corona of DC-Chol-DOPE NPs is mainly constituted of apolipoproteins (Apo A-I, Apo C-II, Apo D, and Apo E are the most enriched). Since the total apolipoprotein content is relevant, we exploited the protein corona to target PC3 prostate carcinoma cell line that expresses high levels of scavenger receptor class B type 1 receptor, which mediates the bidirectional lipid transfer between low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and cells. Combining laser scanning confocal microscopy experiments with flow cytometry we demonstrated that DC-Chol-DOPE/HP complexes enter PC3 cells by a receptor-mediated endocytosis mechanism.
Compact size microstrip coupled resonator band pass filter loaded with lumped capacitors (2013)

A compact band pass filter based on microstrip coupled resonator is presented. The proposed structure consists of two microstrip open- loop resonators with electrical coupling. The reduction of the size of the proposed bandpass filter is achieved by combining the microstrip resonator with the lumped capacitors. The insertion of lumped capacitors within resonator was designed at maximum electric field.The insertion of lumped capacitors within resonator increases the effective capacitance and reduces the resonant frequency, so the dimensions of the filter will reduce and the performance of the filter will improve by enhancing the energy stored in the resonator. The design represents size reduction of more than 30 % compared to conventional filter without lumped capacitors. The filter has the characteristics of compact structure and low insertion loss. A second order band pass filter has been designed with rejection higher than 20dB and insertion loss lower than 0.7dB has been achieved within pass band.
The neural crest stem cells: control of neural crest cell fate and plasticity by endothelin-3 (2001)

How the considerable diversity of neural crest (NC)-derived cell types arises in the vertebrate embryo has long been a key question in developmental biology. The pluripotency and plasticity of differentiation of the NC cell population has been fully documented and it is well-established that environmental cues play an important role in patterning the NC derivatives throughout the body. Over the past decade, in vivo and in vitro cellular approaches have unravelled the differentiation potentialities of single NC cells and led to the discovery of NC stem cells. Although it is clear that the final fate of individual cells is in agreement with their final position within the embryo, it has to be stressed that the NC cells that reach target sites are pluripotent and further restrictions occur only late in development. It is therefore a heterogenous collection of cells that is submitted to local environmental signals in the various NC-derived structures. Several factors were thus identified which favor the development of subsets of NC-derived cells in vitro. Moreover, the strategy of gene targeting in mouse has led at identifying new molecules able to control one or several aspects of NC cell differentiation in vivo. Endothelin peptides (and endothelin receptors) are among those. The conjunction of recent data obtained in mouse and avian embryos and reviewed here contributes to a better understanding of the action of the endothelin signaling pathway in the emergence and stability of NC-derived cell phenotypes.
Enhanced Vortex Pinning in YBCO Coated Conductors With BZO Nanoparticles From Chemical Solution Deposition (2009)

We present our latest results on the growth of chemical solution deposited YBa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> - BaZrO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanocomposites on metallic substrates. All chemical <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TFA</sup> YBCO-BZO/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MOD</sup> CZO/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ABAD</sup> YSZ/SS tapes with J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> (77K,sf) = 1.7 MA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> have been achieved with weaker field dependence of J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> than that of standard <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TFA</sup> YBCO tapes. Angular resolved measurements show isotropic enhancement of vortex pinning due to the presence of randomly oriented BZO nanoparticles in the YBCO matrix. Chemical routes are thus a promising way to efficiently increase vortex pinning in coated conductors and improve their capabilities for high field applications.