gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Competition for Antigen at the Level of the APC Is a Major Determinant of Immunodominance during Memory Inflation in Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection (2013)

The unique ability of CMV to drive the expansion of virus-specific T cell populations during the course of a lifelong, persistent infection has generated interest in the virus as a potential vaccine strategy. When designing CMV-based vaccine vectors to direct immune responses against HIV or tumor Ags, it becomes important to understand how and why certain CMV-specific populations are chosen to inflate over time. To investigate this, we designed recombinant murine CMVs (MCMVs) encoding a SIINFEKL-enhanced GFP fusion protein under the control of endogenous immediate early promoters. When mice were infected with these viruses, T cells specific for the SIINFEKL epitope inflated and profoundly dominated T cells specific for nonrecombinant (i.e., MCMV-derived) Ags. Moreover, when the virus encoded SIINFEKL, T cells specific for nonrecombinant Ags displayed a phenotype indicative of less frequent exposure to Ag. The immunodominance of SIINFEKL-specific T cells could not be altered by decreasing the number of SIINFEKL-specific cells available to respond, or by increasing the number of cells specific for endogenous MCMV Ags. In contrast, coinfection with viruses expressing and lacking SIINFEKL enabled coinflation of T cells specific for both SIINFEKL and nonrecombinant Ags. Because coinfection allows presentation of SIINFEKL and MCMV-derived Ags by different cells within the same animal, these data reveal that competition for, or availability of, Ag at the level of the APC determines the composition of the inflationary response to MCMV. SIINFEKL's strong affinity for H-2K(b), as well as its early and abundant expression, may provide this epitope's competitive advantage.
GIANT BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: IMPROVEMENT IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER EXTENSIVE RESECTION (2003)

We describe a rare case of giant basal cell carcinoma which invaded the orbital tissue and the anterior skull base. Though the eyeball in the right orbit was preserved with the tumour at the patient's request, the improvement in the quality of the patient's life was achieved.
Selective C–C bond cleavage of cyclopentadiene rings assisted by ferric chloride to synthesize water-soluble pyrylium salts (2013)

A facile procedure for C–C bond cleavage of cyclopentadiene rings is reported, and a series of water-soluble pyrylium tetrachloroferrates (Py–Fes) were synthesized. Different photoluminescence properties of Py–Fes were simply tuned by changing the types and positions of substituent groups.
“Dressing up” an Old Drug: An Aminoacyl Lipid for the Functionalization of Ru(III)-Based Anticancer Agents (2017)

In the search for more efficient anticancer treatments, Ru(III) complexes have attracted much interest among metal-based candidate drugs, showing marked antitumor and antimetastatic activity associated with lower systemic toxicity. Remarkable examples are the Ru(III) complexes NAMI-A and KP1019, which have reached advanced clinical evaluation. In order to improve the in vivo stability of Ru(III)-based drugs, as well as their cellular uptake and effectiveness, a new approach has been proposed by our research group, based on the incorporation of the active, NAMI-A-like Ru(III) complex into highly functionalized nucleolipidic structures, i.e., hybrid molecules containing a nucleoside or nucleotide central core derivatized with a lipid chain, ensuring both efficient protection against extracellular degradation and high cellular internalization of the metal. Aiming at expanding the chemical diversity of available amphiphilic Ru(III) complexes, we here selected a trifunctional α-amino acid to replace the nucleosidic core of previously prepared nucleolipid-based Ru(III) complexes. The amino acidic scaffold, linked to the Ru(III) complex, is decorated with both hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties, conferring high propensity to form stable aggregates in water, which is required to obtain a suitable nanocarrier for the drug delivery. Following this approach, a novel compound, indicated here as compound <b>I</b>, was successfully prepared and characterized, then studied in coformulation with the biocompatible cationic lipid 1,2-dioleyl-3-trimethylammoniumpropane chloride (DOTAP) by dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and UV-vis analysis. Evaluated in vitro on a panel of human and nonhuman cell lines, it showed good antiproliferative activity on cancer cells, with IC<sub>50</sub> values in the μM range, and no relevant cytotoxicity on the healthy cells used as control.
Silicone breast implant pathology. Clinical data and immunologic consequences. (1994)

Silicone breast prostheses are medical devices, implanted subcutaneously or subpectorally, that are designed to replace or augment the volume occupied by breast glandular tissue. They are generally effective in creating tissue mounds, and their apparent medical benefit is primarily psychological. Recent data on immunologic phenomena associated with silicone exposure suggest to us that silicone breast implants may interact with native tissue in a way that is analogous to implantable vaccinating devices. Background information, clinical findings, and possible immunologic consequences are presented.
A mathematical model of metabolic insulin signaling pathways (2002)

We develop a mathematical model that explicitly represents many of the known signaling components mediating translocation of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4 to gain insight into the complexities of metabolic insulin signaling pathways. A novel mechanistic model of postreceptor events including phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1, activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and subsequent activation of downstream kinases Akt and protein kinase C-zeta is coupled with previously validated subsystem models of insulin receptor binding, receptor recycling, and GLUT4 translocation. A system of differential equations is defined by the structure of the model. Rate constants and model parameters are constrained by published experimental data. Model simulations of insulin dose-response experiments agree with published experimental data and also generate expected qualitative behaviors such as sequential signal amplification and increased sensitivity of downstream components. We examined the consequences of incorporating feedback pathways as well as representing pathological conditions, such as increased levels of protein tyrosine phosphatases, to illustrate the utility of our model for exploring molecular mechanisms. We conclude that mathematical modeling of signal transduction pathways is a useful approach for gaining insight into the complexities of metabolic insulin signaling.
Interactive ray tracing on reconfigurable SIMD MorphoSys (2003)

MorphoSys is a reconfigurable SIMD architecture. In this paper, a BSP-based ray tracing is gracefully mapped onto MorphoSys. The mapping highly exploits ray-tracing parallelism. A straightforward mechanism is used to handle irregularity among parallel rays in BSP. To support this mechanism, a special data structure is established, in which no intermediate data has to be saved. Moreover, optimizations such as object reordering and merging are facilitated. Data starvation is avoided by overlapping data transfer with intensive computation so that applications with different complexity can be managed efficiently. Since MorphoSys is small in size and power efficient, we demonstrate that MorphoSys is an economic platform for 3D animation applications on portable devices.
Immunization by Avian H5 Influenza Hemagglutinin Mutants with Altered Receptor Binding Specificity (2007)

Influenza virus entry is mediated by the receptor binding domain (RBD) of its spike, the hemagglutinin (HA). Adaptation of avian viruses to humans is associated with HA specificity for alpha2,6- rather than alpha2,3-linked sialic acid (SA) receptors. Here, we define mutations in influenza A subtype H5N1 (avian) HA that alter its specificity for SA either by decreasing alpha2,3- or increasing alpha2,6-SA recognition. RBD mutants were used to develop vaccines and monoclonal antibodies that neutralized new variants. Structure-based modification of HA specificity can guide the development of preemptive vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that can be evaluated before the emergence of human-adapted H5N1 strains.
Augmenting CNS glucocerebrosidase activity as a therapeutic strategy for parkinsonism and other Gaucher-related synucleinopathies (2013)

Mutations of GBA1, the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase, represent a common genetic risk factor for developing the synucleinopathies Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies. PD patients with or without GBA1 mutations also exhibit lower enzymatic levels of glucocerebrosidase in the central nervous system (CNS), suggesting a possible link between the enzyme and the development of the disease. Previously, we have shown that early treatment with glucocerebrosidase can modulate α-synuclein aggregation in a presymptomatic mouse model of Gaucher-related synucleinopathy (Gba1(D409V/D409V)) and ameliorate the associated cognitive deficit. To probe this link further, we have now evaluated the efficacy of augmenting glucocerebrosidase activity in the CNS of symptomatic Gba1(D409V/D409V) mice and in a transgenic mouse model overexpressing A53T α-synuclein. Adeno-associated virus-mediated expression of glucocerebrosidase in the CNS of symptomatic Gba1(D409V/D409V) mice completely corrected the aberrant accumulation of the toxic lipid glucosylsphingosine and reduced the levels of ubiquitin, tau, and proteinase K-resistant α-synuclein aggregates. Importantly, hippocampal expression of glucocerebrosidase in Gba1(D409V/D409V) mice (starting at 4 or 12 mo of age) also reversed their cognitive impairment when examined using a novel object recognition test. Correspondingly, overexpression of glucocerebrosidase in the CNS of A53T α-synuclein mice reduced the levels of soluble α-synuclein, suggesting that increasing the glycosidase activity can modulate α-synuclein processing and may modulate the progression of α-synucleinopathies. Hence, increasing glucocerebrosidase activity in the CNS represents a potential therapeutic strategy for GBA1-related and non-GBA1-associated synucleinopathies, including PD.
An animation interface designed for motion capture (2002)

We present an animation interface designed to conveniently control the motion capture process. The transition of performer's hand gestures tracked by a dataglove is recognized for software remote control. An intuitive camera metaphor allows one to specify the viewpoint location using the magnetic sensors strapped to the performer's head. The human motion capture is based on the Anatomical Converter, a toolkit to convert sensor measurements into human anatomical rotations in real time. An improved human motion capture technique, the multi-joint control, is introduced.
Fluorescence Spectral Properties of 2,5-Diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole with Two-Color Two-Photon Excitation (1996)

We observed fluorescence emission from 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PPD) resulting from two-photon excitation with two different wavelengths near 380 and 760 nm. For this two-color two-photon (2C2P) excitation the emission spectra and intensity decays were the same as observed with single-photon excitation with an equivalent energy at 250 nm. The two-color two-photon-induced emission was observed when the PPD sample was illuminated with both wavelengths, but only when the picosecond laser pulses were spatially and temporally overlapped. The signal was about 70-fold and 1000-fold less for illumination at 380 or 760 nm alone, respectively. When illuminated with both wavelengths, the emission intensity of PPD depended quadratically on the total illumination power, when both beams were simultaneously attenuated to the same extent, indicating two-photon excitation. When the intensity at one wavelength was attenuated, the signal depended linearly on the power at each wavelength, indicating the participation of one-photon at each wavelength to the excitation process. For 2C2P excitation the time-zero anisotropy was larger than possible for single-photon excitation and was consistent with collinear electronic transitions for both wavelengths. The intensity depended on the polarization of each beam in a manner consistent with collinear transitions. These results demonstrate that two-color two-photon excitation can be readily observed with modern laser sources. This phenomenon can have numerous applications in the chemical and biomedical sciences, as a method for spatial localization of the measured volume.
Excited-state dipole moments of dual fluorescent 4-(dialkylamino)benzonitriles: influence of alkyl chain length and effective solvent polarity (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcited-state dipole moments of dual fluorescent 4-(dialkylamino)benzonitriles: influence of alkyl chain length and effective solvent polarityWouter Schuddeboom, Stephan A. Jonker, John M. Warman, Uwe Leinhos, Wolfgang Kuehnle, and Klaas A. ZachariasseCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 26, 10809–10819Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100205a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100205a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1348Altmetric-Citations334LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Radio Frequency Field Penetration in an Inductively Coupled Plasma (1996)

The induced radio frequency magnetic fields of a low-frequency inductively coupled plasma are measured and modeled. The fields penetrate deep into the discharge, in contrast with existing predictions of field decay within a thin skin layer. Fluid calculations show that the enhanced penetration is due to a reduction of the plasma conductivity by the induced magnetic fields.
2,4-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-Disulfide (2006)

[19172-47-5] C14H14O2P2S4 (MW 404.45)





InChI = 1S/C14H14O2P2S4/c1-15-11-3-7-13(8-4-11)17(19)21-18(20,22-17)14-9-5-12(16-2)6-10-14/h3-10H,1-2H3



InChIKey = CFHGBZLNZZVTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N



(reagent for the conversion of carbonyl into thiocarbonyl groups1)



Alternate Name: Lawesson's reagent.



Physical Data: mp 228–229 °C.



Solubility: modestly sol boiling organic solvents such as toluene, chlorobenzene, anisole, dimethoxyethane.



Form Supplied in: yellowish evil-smelling crystals; typical impurity is P4S10.



Analysis of Reagent Purity: FTIR spectrum.1c



Preparative Methods: reaction of P4S10 with anisole in excess refluxing anisole.2



Purification: recrystallization from boiling toluene.



Handling, Storage, and Precautions: can be stored for months at rt if moisture is excluded. Prolonged heating in solution causes decomposition (polymerization). It is toxic and should be handled under a fume hood since hazardous H2S is easily liberated with moisture.
YY1TargetDB: an integral information resource for Yin Yang 1 target loci (2013)

Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor, plays a critical role in regulating cell development, differentiation, cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. Previous studies identified many YY1-regulated target genes in both human and mouse. Emerging global mapping by Chromatin ImmnoPrecipitation (ChIP)-based high-throughput experiments indicate that YY1 binds to a vast number of loci genome-wide. However, the information is widely scattered in many disparate poorly cross-indexed literatures; a large portion was only published recently by the ENCODE consortium with limited annotation. A centralized database, which annotates and organizes YY1-binding loci and target motifs in a systematic way with easy access, will be valuable resources for the research community. We therefore implemented a web-based YY1 Target loci Database (YY1TargetDB). This database contains YY1-binding loci (binding peaks) from ChIP-seq and ChIP-on-chip experiments, computationally predicated YY1 and cofactor motifs within each locus. It also collects the experimentally verified YY1-binding motifs from individual researchers. The current version of YY1TargetDB contains 92 314 binding loci identified by ChIP-based experiments; 157 200 YY1-binding motifs in which 42 are experimentally verified and 157 158 are computationally predicted; and 130 759 binding motifs for 47 cofactors. Database URL: http://www.myogenesisdb.org/YY1TargetDB.
The Reaction of Ketones with Iodine and Thiourea1 (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Ketones with Iodine and Thiourea1L. Carroll King and Robert J. HlavacekCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 8, 3722–3725Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01164a110https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01164a110research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views908Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Alternative Hemostatic Dressing: Comparison of CELOX, HemCon, and QuikClot (2008)

In this porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage, CX improved hemorrhage control and survival. CELOX is a viable alternative for the treatment of severe hemorrhage.
The mythology of various hepatitis A virus isolates. (1975)

Several types of viral hepatitis may exist. Hepatitis A (MS-1 type) can be transmitted to marmosets and chimpanzees. Virus-like particles, which may be parvo- or enteroviruses and which have been demonstrated in feces of this type of hepatitis, do not share cross-reacting antigens with hepatitis B but do cross-react with fecal hepatitis A antigen. Hepatitis A (GB type), which also does not cross-react with hepatitis B, is not antigenically identical with MS-1; it can be transmitted to marmosets and it may be similar to non-type A/non-type B post-transfusion hepatitis. Hepatitits B does not cross-react either with HA particles, the faecal hepatitis type A antigen or with the MS-1 or GB strains; it can be transmitted to chimpanzees and rhesus monkeys but not to marmosets.
Phosphorylation by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the autophosphorylation site in the enzyme. (1983)

The substrate specificity of cGMP-dependent protein kinase has been investigated by examining the ability of the enzyme to phosphorylate a series of synthetic peptides that correspond to the amino acid sequence at its site of autophosphorylation. The undecapeptide Ile53-Gly-Pro-Arg-Thr-Thr58-Arg-Ala-Gln-Gly-Ile63 which corresponds to the sequence around threonine-58 in cGMP-dependent protein kinase (Takio, K., Smith, S.B., Walsh, K.A., Krebs, E.G., and Titani, K. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 5531-5536) was synthesized and tested as a substrate for that enzyme. It was phosphorylated to the extent of 1.0 mol of phosphate/mol of peptide. Analysis of the products of Edman degradation of the phosphopeptide indicated that only threonine-58 was phosphorylated, as is the case for the autophosphorylation reaction in the native enzyme. The peptide was phosphorylated by cGMP-dependent protein kinase with a Km value of 578 +/- 25 microM and a Vmax of 0.069 +/- 0.003 mumol/min/mg of enzyme. This low Vmax value is consistent with the relatively slow rate of the autophosphorylation reaction. An analog peptide that contained serine in place of threonine-58 was also phosphorylated to 1.0 mol of phosphate/mol of peptide. That phosphopeptide contained only phosphoserine. The serine-containing analog peptide had a Km value similar to that of the parent peptide but was phosphorylated with a 70-fold higher Vmax value. Substitution of arginine-56 in the parent peptide by an alanine residue resulted in a peptide that was essentially not a substrate. Substitution of arginine-59, COOH-terminal to the phosphorylatable threonine, yielded a peptide with a Vmax similar to that of the parent peptide but a Km value of almost 22,000 microM. These results indicate that serine is a better phosphate-accepting residue than is threonine and that both arginine residues around the site of autophosphorylation are important specificity determinants for the cGMP-dependent protein kinase.
Molecular Mimicry of Human Cytokine and Cytokine Response Pathway Genes by KSHV (1996)

Four virus proteins similar to two human macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) chemokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) are encoded by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) genome. vIL-6 was functional in B9 proliferation assays and primarily expressed in KSHV-infected hematopoietic cells rather than KS lesions. HIV-1 transmission studies showed that vMIP-I is similar to human MIP chemokines in its ability to inhibit replication of HIV-1 strains dependent on the CCR5 co-receptor. These viral genes may form part of the response to host defenses contributing to virus-induced neoplasia and may have relevance to KSHV and HIV-I interactions.