gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A confidence based recognition system for TV commercial extraction (2008)

Automatic real-time recognition of TV commercials is an essential step for TV broadcast monitoring. It comprises two basic tasks: rapid detection of known commercials that are stored in a database, and accurate recognition of unknown ones that appear for the first time in TV streaming. The existing approaches, however, can not perform robust commercial detection because they highly rely on the assumption that black frames are inserted before commercial breaks. In this paper, we propose a novel confidence-based recognition system to address this challenging issues. Those known commercials are detected by applying a fast search algorithm to a pre-built commercial database, and those unknown ones are determined by managing a buffer containing possible yet unconfirmed commercial spots. A new concept of confidence level is defined for each candidate, there-fore commercial breaks can be accurately determined based on a confidence threshold. Experimental results using two 48-hour TV broadcasting indicate the high performance of our proposed method.
k‐t FOCUSS: A general compressed sensing framework for high resolution dynamic MRI (2008)

A model-based dynamic MRI called k-t BLAST/SENSE has drawn significant attention from the MR imaging community because of its improved spatio-temporal resolution. Recently, we showed that the k-t BLAST/SENSE corresponds to the special case of a new dynamic MRI algorithm called k-t FOCUSS that is optimal from a compressed sensing perspective. The main contribution of this article is an extension of k-t FOCUSS to a more general framework with prediction and residual encoding, where the prediction provides an initial estimate and the residual encoding takes care of the remaining residual signals. Two prediction methods, RIGR and motion estimation/compensation scheme, are proposed, which significantly sparsify the residual signals. Then, using a more sophisticated random sampling pattern and optimized temporal transform, the residual signal can be effectively estimated from a very small number of k-t samples. Experimental results show that excellent reconstruction can be achieved even from severely limited k-t samples without aliasing artifacts.
A prototype for an agent-based secure electronic marketplace including reputation tracking mechanisms (2005)

The future of electronic commerce will be shaped by open, heterogeneous and complex structures, consisting of networked marketplaces. Software agents will interact and negotiate on behalf of their human (or organizational) principals. Principals will be able to implement fraudulent strategies in their agents, which cannot be countered by technical security alone. In the absence of a single correctional institution, agents will have to rely on social mechanisms for assessing reliability and reputation of other, unknown agents. The multi-agent system AVALANCHE is a prototype for an agent based secure electronic commerce marketplace environment. The reputation tracking mechanism, which is implemented in AVALANCHE's software agents, evaluates transaction behavior and influences partner selection and negotiation strategy in future transactions, while protecting the privacy of the participants. The successful result is an increasing expulsion of fraudulent agents from the market.
Improvement of Fabrication Process for 10-${\rm kA/cm}^{2}$ Multi-Layer Nb Integrated Circuits (2007)

We have developed an advanced fabrication process for fabricating Nb integrated circuits with up to nine planarized Nb layers, and with critical current density of Josephson junctions of 10 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . We have continued to improve this advanced process. For nine-layer integration, we readjusted film thickness of Nb and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers in order to reduce the strain of films and substrate. Total film thickness of the nine-Nb layered structure was about 3 mum; this was kept nearly as thin as that of the six-Nb-layered structure. The resulting thinner SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers enabled narrower passive transmission line wiring, which had the advantage of smaller occupation area. The room temperature measurement of process monitoring patterns is useful for screening defective wafers in the middle step of the process. For higher circuit reliability, we modified fabrication processes such as junction planarization. As a result, the reliability of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> insulation between an upper and a lower Nb wire adjacent to a Josephson junction was improved.
Detection and localization of MIP‐3α/LARC/exodus, a macrophage proinflammatory chemokine, and its CCR6 receptor in human pancreatic cancer (1999)

Macrophage Proinflammatory Human Chemokine-3alpha (Mip-3alpha/LARC/Exodus) belongs to a large family of chemotactic cytokines, which participate in directing inflammatory cell migration and in modulating angiogenesis. Mip-3alpha signals through a recently identified G-protein linked 7-transmembrane receptor, CCR6. In this study, we have characterized the expression of Mip-3alpha and CCR6 in 12 normal and 16 cancerous human pancreatic tissues and in 4 cultured pancreatic cancer cell lines, and assessed the effects of Mip-3alpha on growth and invasion of these cell lines. Pancreatic cancer tissues markedly overexpressed Mip-3alpha in comparison with normal pancreatic samples. By in situ hybridization Mip-3alpha and CCR6 mRNA moieties were present in cancer cells within the tumors. In addition, Mip-3alpha was abundant in the macrophages infiltrating the tumor mass. Mip-3alpha and its receptor CCR6 were expressed in all 4 tested pancreatic cancer cell lines. Mip-3alpha stimulated the growth of one cell line, enhanced the migration of another cell line, and was without effect in the other 2 cell lines. Together, our findings suggest that Mip-3alpha has the potential to act via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to contribute to the pathobiology of human pancreatic cancer.
Generation of a Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Line Producing Recombinant Human Glucocerebrosidase (2012)

Impaired activity of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCR) results in the inherited metabolic disorder known as Gaucher disease. Current treatment consists of enzyme replacement therapy by administration of exogenous GCR. Although effective, it is exceptionally expensive, and patients worldwide have a limited access to this medicine. In Brazil, the public healthcare system provides the drug free of charge for all Gaucher's patients, which reaches the order of $ 84 million per year. However, the production of GCR by public institutions in Brazil would reduce significantly the therapy costs. Here, we describe a robust protocol for the generation of a cell line producing recombinant human GCR. The protein was expressed in CHO-DXB11 (dhfr(-)) cells after stable transfection and gene amplification with methotrexate. As expected, glycosylated GCR was detected by immunoblotting assay both as cell-associated (~64 and 59 kDa) and secreted (63-69 kDa) form. Analysis of subclones allowed the selection of stable CHO cells producing a secreted functional enzyme, with a calculated productivity of 5.14 pg/cell/day for the highest producer. Although being laborious, traditional methods of screening high-producing recombinant cells may represent a valuable alternative to generate expensive biopharmaceuticals in countries with limited resources.
Genetically encoded immunophotosensitizer (2011)

Photosensitizer-antibody conjugates are successfully used for targeted elimination of cancer cells bearing specific membrane markers. This method is known as photoimmunotherapy. However, chemical conjugation of photosensitizer and antibody poses a number of complications such as low reproducibility, aggregation and unconjugated photosensitizer impurities. Here we report a fully genetically encoded photoimmunosensitizer, consisting of an anti-HER2/neu miniantibody 4D5scFv and a phototoxic fluorescent protein KillerRed. Both domains in this photoimmunosensitizer retained their functional qualities - high affinity for HER2/neu antigen and phototoxicity respectively. 4D5scFv-KillerRed fusion protein showed high specificity for HER2/neu-over-expressing cells and effectively lowered their viability upon illumination.
Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Inhibitors (2000)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are members of a family of polypeptides synthesized by a variety of cell types during the processes of embryonic development and in adult tissues. FGFs have been detected in normal and malignant cells and show a biological profile that includes mitogenic and angiogenic activity with a consequent crucial role in cell differentiation and development. To activate signal transduction pathways, FGFs use a dual receptor system based on tyrosine kinases and heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans. Based on these considerations, a variety of inhibitors able to block the interactions between FGFs and their receptors have been designed and investigated for their biological properties related to antiangiogenesis and antitumor activity. In this paper, in addition to an extensive description of the FGF family members, we report several compounds acting as FGF inhibitors by direct interaction with the growth factors. Suramin and other diverse polyanionic polysulfated and polysulfonated compounds are described, with a particular focus on suradistas. For this class of molecules, by means of molecular modeling procedures, a binding model to FGF-2 has been proposed and the structure-activity relationships of suradistas have been analyzed on the basis of the computational model described.
Loss of Runx3 function in leukocytes is associated with spontaneously developed colitis and gastric mucosal hyperplasia (2004)

RUNX transcription factors are key regulators of lineage-specific gene expression and might be involved in autoimmune diseases. Runx3 plays a role during the development of sensory neurons and T cells and regulates transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling in dendritic cells. Here, we report that at 4 weeks of age, Runx3 knockout (KO) mice spontaneously develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by leukocyte infiltration, mucosal hyperplasia, formation of lymphoid clusters, and increased production of IgA. Additionally, at a considerably older age (8 months), the KO mice also develop progressive hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa associated with disturbed epithelial differentiation and cellular hyaline degeneration. Analysis of cytokines in the colonic mucosa of Runx3 KO mice revealed a mixed T helper 1/T helper 2 response. By using immunohistochemistry and RNA in situ hybridization, Runx3 expression in the gastrointestinal tract is detected in lymphoid and myeloid populations but not in the epithelium. The data indicate that loss of leukocytic cell-autonomous function of Runx3 results in IBD and gastric lesion in the KO mice. IBD in humans is viewed as a complex genetic disorder. Several susceptibility loci were identified on different human chromosomes including the chromosomal region 1p36 where RUNX3 resides. It is thus tempting to speculate that mutations in RUNX3 may constitute an IBD risk factor in humans.
The amino acid sequence of the variable regions of the light chains from two idiotypically cross reactive IgM anti-gamma globulins. (1976)

Amino acid sequence analysis of the light chains of two IgM rheumatoid factors is presented. The parent molecules of these chains are human IgM proteins with specificity for human IgG and sharing idiotypic cross reactivity. The heavy chains had previously been shown to have extremely similar hypervariable regions. This communication presents data indicating that the light chains, even though representing two different kappa subgroups, also share identities in their hypervariable regions. These data can be most easily interpreted in terms of a gene interaction model for immunoglobulin V region assembly.
Endogenous Pyrogen Activity in Human Plasma After Exercise (1983)

Plasma obtained from human subjects after exercise and injected intraperitoneally into rats elevated rat rectal temperature and depressed plasma iron and zinc concentrations. The pyrogenic component was heat-denaturable and had an apparent molecular weight of 14,000 daltons. Human mononuclear leukocytes obtained after exercise and incubated in vitro released a factor into the medium that also elevated body temperature in rats and reduced trace metal concentrations. These results suggest that endogenous pyrogen, a protein mediator of fever and trace metal metabolism during infection, is released during exercise.
Composite media for perpendicular magnetic recording (2005)

A composite perpendicular recording media consisting of magnetically hard and soft regions within each grain is proposed. Application of applied field initially causes the magnetization of the soft region to rotate and, thus, change the angle of the effective field applied to the hard region. This important change in the effective field is enabled by an exchange layer that moderates the interaction between the two regions. Energy arguments show that the resulting performance (as measured by the ratio of energy barrier to switching field) is similar to the previously proposed tilted media, while avoiding some of the difficulties. In particular, fabrication of the proposed composite media appears to be significantly easier than that of tilted media.
Exosomes derived from human embryonic mesenchymal stem cells promote osteochondral regeneration (2016)

This study demonstrates for the first time the efficacy of human embryonic MSC exosomes in cartilage repair, and the utility of MSC exosomes as a ready-to-use and 'cell-free' therapeutic alternative to cell-based MSC therapy.
The design and implementation of a log-structured file system (1991)

This paper presents a new technique for disk storage management called a log-structured file system . A log-structured file system writes all modifications to disk sequentially in a log-like structure, thereby speeding up both file writing and crash recovery. The log is the only structure on disk; it contains indexing information so that files can be read back from the log efficiently. In order to maintain large free areas on disk for fast writing, we divide the log into segments and use a segment cleaner to compress the live information from heavily fragmented segments. We present a series of simulations that demonstrate the efficiency of a simple cleaning policy based on cost and benefit. We have implemented a prototype log-structured file system called Sprite LFS; it outperforms current Unix file systems by an order of magnitude for small-file writes while matching or exceeding Unix performance for reads and large writes. Even when the overhead for cleaning is included, Sprite LFS can use 70% of the disk bandwidth for writing, whereas Unix file systems typically can use only 5--10%.
Geometric and electronic structure and dioxygen sensitivity of the copper complex of octaethylbilindione, a biliverdin analog (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeometric and electronic structure and dioxygen sensitivity of the copper complex of octaethylbilindione, a biliverdin analogAlan L. Balch, Marinella Mazzanti, Bruce C. Noll, and Marilyn M. OlmsteadCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 25, 12206–12207Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00078a086RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (251 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effects of Acetone, Methanol, or Paraformaldehyde on Cellular Structure, Visualized by Reflection Contrast Microscopy and Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (2001)

The authors recently showed variable subcellular immunoreactivity of the Bcl-2 and Bax proteins after fixation of cell monolayers with acetone, methanol, or paraformaldehyde (PF) followed by methanol (PF/methanol). Here, the authors demonstrate by reflection contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy that acetone or methanol fixation result in complete loss of integrity of intracellular structures in contrast with PF or glutaraldehyde fixation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed poor preservation of plasma membrane integrity after fixation in acetone or methanol. Fixation with PF before methanol reduced damage to intracellular and plasma membranes. In addition, Western blot analysis demonstrated loss of Bcl-2 and Bax protein during acetone or methanol fixation, whereas PF fixation before methanol permeabilization markedly reduced this loss. For studies on the intracellular localization of soluble or unknown types of antigen, the authors discourage the use of acetone and methanol as single fixatives.
Long-acting methylphenidate formulations in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review of head-to-head studies (2013)

Emerging head-to-head studies provide important data on the comparative efficacy of the formulations available. At a group level, efficacy across the day generally follows the pharmacokinetic profile of the MPH formulation. No formulation is clearly superior to another; careful consideration of patient needs and subtle differences between formulations is required to optimize treatment. For patients achieving suboptimal symptom control, switching long-acting MPH formulations may be beneficial. When switching formulations, it is usually appropriate to titrate the immediate-release component of the formulation; a limitation of current studies is a focus on total daily dose rather than equivalent immediate-release components. Further studies are necessary to provide guidance in clinical practice, particularly in the treatment of adults and pre-school children and the impact of comorbidities and symptom severity on treatment response.
Conversion of aliphatic and alicyclic polyalcohols to the corresponding primary polyamines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of aliphatic and alicyclic polyalcohols to the corresponding primary polyaminesE. B. Fleischer, A. E. Gebala, A. Levey, and P. A. TaskerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 20, 3042–3044Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00819a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1510Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (447 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cloning and Characterization of Manduca Sexta and Plutella Xylostella Midgut Aminopeptidase N Enzymes Related to Bacillus Thuringiensis Toxin‐Binding Proteins (1997)

We report the purification, cloning and characterization of an aminopeptidase N from the midgut epithelium of Manduca sexta that binds Cry1Ab5, an insecticidal crystal protein [ICP] from Bacillus thuringiensis. Sequence information derived from this M. sexta aminopeptidase N was used for the cloning of an aminopeptidase N from the midgut brush-border membrane of Plutella xylostella, an insect species of which some populations acquired resistance against Cry1Ab5. Affinity chromatography on a Cry1Ab5 matrix was used to isolate a 120-kDa glycoprotein from the larval midgut of the lepidopteran M. sexta. On ligand blots the purified 120-kDa protein discriminates between the lepidopteran-specific Cry1Ab5 and the coleopteran-specific Cry3A delta-endotoxin. Internal amino acid sequences from the 120-kDa protein were used for the design of degenerate oligonucleotides. From a nested PCR with M. sexta midgut cDNA as template, a DNA fragment was obtained which shows similarity to prokaryotic and eukaryotic aminopeptidase N genes. This PCR fragment was used to screen cDNA libraries of larval midguts from M. sexta and P. xylostella. From the M. sexta midgut cDNA library a 2973-bp nucleotide sequence was cloned. The ORF of the sequence encodes a 942-residue aminopeptidase N (M. sexta Apn2) containing two hydrophobic regions. The NH2-terminal hydrophobic region corresponds to a secretory signal sequence and the COOH-terminal hydrophobic region is typical of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (glycosyl-PtdIns)-anchored proteins. Low-stringency hybridization of the P. xylostella midgut cDNA library with M. sexta apn2 probes enabled the isolation of a 3118-bp sequence with an ORF encoding a 946-residue preproprotein. This aminopeptidase N (P. xylostella Apn1) displays 61% amino acid identity to M. sexta Apn2 and contains a COOH-terminal signal peptide for glycosyl-PtdIns anchor addition. Both M. sexta Apn2 and P. xylostella Apn1 contain four Cys residues, which are highly conserved among eukaryotic aminopeptidase N molecules. Treatment of Sf9 cells expressing the P. xylostella apn1 gene with PtdIns-specific phospholipase C demonstrated that P. xylostella Apn1 is attached to the insect cell membrane by a glycosyl-PtdIns anchor.