gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of p150,95 in adhesion, migration, chemotaxis and phagocytosis of human monocytes (1987)

The leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), the C3bi receptor (CR3) and the p150,95 antigen belong to a family of leukocyte surface molecules consisting of bimolecular complexes with alpha chains of 170 kDa, 165 kDa and 150 kDa, respectively, and a common beta subunit with a mol. mass of 95 kDa. In order to determine the function of the p150,95 antigen on human monocytes and U937 cells, and to study the functional relationship between this antigen and LFA-1 or CR3, we investigated the influence of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against these cell surface molecules on the adhesive properties of these cells. The observation that anti-beta chain mAb strongly inhibited migration, chemotaxis, adhesion and phagocytosis of monocytic cells indicates a major role for LFA-1 family antigens in monocyte functions. Detailed analysis with a panel of anti-alpha chain antibodies demonstrated that both p150,95 and LFA-1 mediate random migration whereas in contrast, p150,95 and CR3 were shown to be involved in the directed migration of monocytes to f-Met-Leu-Phe. Furthermore, adhesion of monocytes to plastic surfaces or monolayers of endothelial cells as well as phagocytosis of latex particles was mediated by p150,95. The results demonstrate that, in spite of its relative low expression, the p150,95 glycoprotein is a major adhesion-associated molecule expressed by human monocytic cells.
icsB: a Shigella flexneri virulence gene necessary for the lysis of protrusions during intercellular spread (1992)

Shigella flexneri causes bacillary dysentery by invading epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. We have characterized the icsB gene which is located on the virulence plasmid pWR100. After inactivation of icsB, the mutant strain remained invasive, but formed abnormally small plaques on HeLa cell monolayers, colonized only the peripheral cells of Caco-2 islets, and was unable to provoke a keratoconjunctivitis in guinea-pigs. Examination of infected HeLa cells showed that the icsB mutant was able to lyse the phagocytic vacuole and to form protrusions at the surface of infected cells, but, unlike the wild type, remained trapped in protrusions surrounded by two membranes. These results indicate that IcsB is involved in the lysis of the protrusions, a step necessary for intercellular spread.
Logic Gates Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized with a Bioelectrocatalytic System (2007)

Abstract Magneto‐controlled OR, AND and INHIB logic gates were designed using cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe 2 O 4 , saturated magnetization ca. 70 emu g −1 , 17±2 nm diameter) functionalized with microperoxidase‐11. Tunable magnetic field generated by three external permanent magnets (NdFeB) upon moving them below the electrochemical cell resulted in translocation of the biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles between conductive and nonconductive domains of a solid plate. This resulted in electrochemically readable output signals with the Boolean logic controlled by the magnetic input signals. The current corresponding to the reversible redox process of the heme measured at −0.4 V (vs. SCE) was considered as “1” output signal, while a small background current obtained from the conducting interface in the absence of the magnetic nanoparticles was considered as “0” output signal. Addition of H 2 O 2 to the solution resulted in the generation of a cathodic catalytic current when the microperoxidase‐11‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles are associated with the conductive domain of the support. This resulted in the amplification of “1” output signal and the increased difference between “1” and “0” signals generated by the cell, thus reducing the possibility of errors in the Boolean logic operations.
Serum TSH, T4, and Thyroid Antibodies in the United States Population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (2002)

NHANES III measured serum TSH, total serum T 4 , antithyroperoxidase (TPOAb), and antithyroglobulin (TgAb) antibodies from a sample of 17,353 people aged >12 yr representing the geographic and ethnic distribution of the U.S. population. These data provide a reference for other studies of these analytes in the U.S.
Generative Adversarial Privacy (2018)

We present a data-driven framework called generative adversarial privacy (GAP). Inspired by recent advancements in generative adversarial networks (GANs), GAP allows the data holder to learn the privatization mechanism directly from the data. Under GAP, finding the optimal privacy mechanism is formulated as a constrained minimax game between a privatizer and an adversary. We show that for appropriately chosen adversarial loss functions, GAP provides privacy guarantees against strong information-theoretic adversaries. We also evaluate GAP's performance on the GENKI face database.
Connection management for an ATM network (1992)

The facilities required to control and manage multiservice applications in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks are discussed. An overview of the hardware aspects of ATM networks is presented. Requirements and architectural models for multiservice applications and an architecture for connection management are described. The requirements at each layer of the connection management architecture are discussed, and the services and protocols are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transcriptional Regulation in Mammalian Cells by Sequence-Specific DNA Binding Proteins (1989)

The cloning of genes encoding mammalian DNA binding transcription factors for RNA polymerase II has provided the opportunity to analyze the structure and function of these proteins. This review summarizes recent studies that define structural domains for DNA binding and transcriptional activation functions in sequence-specific transcription factors. The mechanisms by which these factors may activate transcriptional initiation and by which they may be regulated to achieve differential gene expression are also discussed.
Mexiletine for Painful Alcoholic Neuropathy. (1995)

Five patients suffering from painful alcoholic neuropathy showed severe painful sensory disturbance in their extremities. Although their pain was not ameliorated by the typical usual analgesic agents, oral mexiletine (MX) therapy was remarkably effective for the pain (especially tingling and aching sensation) without major side effects. This study indicated that the minimum effective dose was 300 mg per day and the effective concentration of MX in plasma was 0.66 +/- 0.15 micrograms/ml in these patients. Thus, oral MX therapy can be a reliable treatment for pain in alcoholic neuropathy.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for detection of HER-2/neu amplification in breast cancer: a multicenter portability study. (2000)

Amplification and/or overexpression of HER-2/neu has been shown to be both a prognostic and predictive marker in breast cancer. Recent studies have also confirmed the efficacy of Herceptin (trastuzumab) as adjuvant therapy for patients with overexpression of HER-2/neu. Therefore, it is critical that precise and reproducible assays be used in the clinical laboratory setting for determination of the HER-2/neu status in patients with breast cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the portability (reproducibility between different institutions) of the PathVysion HER-2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay used for detection of amplification of the HER-2/neu gene in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Study specimens consisted of one breast tumor with a normal HER-2/neu copy number, two tumors with a low level, and one tumor with a high level of HER-2/neu amplification. The PathVysion HER-2 assay was shown to be highly reproducible on different assay days (n = 3) and between different institutions (n = 5) in the detection of amplification of the HER-2/neu gene in routinely processed clinical specimens of breast carcinoma. In addition, this study examined the feasibility of enumerating FISH signals in 20 nuclei in contrast to 60 nuclei per specimen. Although a modest increase in variation was observed when analyzing 20 compared to 60 nuclei, the mean ratios were similar. Therefore, analysis of as few as 20 nuclei with this FISH HER-2/neu assay may be sufficient for determining the amplification level of the HER-2/neu gene.
Lithographic patterning of self-assembled films (1993)

This article discusses a new, general approach for fabricating surfaces with precise positional control of chemical functionalities utilizing direct patterning of self-assembled (SA) or- ganosilane monolayer films with lithographic exposure tools, including deep ultraviolet, x-ray, and e-beam sources. Lithographically patterned one- and two-component SA films have been used to selectively deposit or attach a wide variety of materials to surfaces, including catalysts, electroless metal films, proteins, cells, and organic moieties. Selectively metallized, patterned SA films have been employed to fabricate functioning Si metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor test structures. The utility of patterned SA films for microelectronics, sensors, and other applications is discussed.
Characterization of the Specific DNA Nicking Activity of Restriction Endonuclease N.BstNBI (2000)

N.BstNBI is a unique restriction endonuclease isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus. We have characterized the recognition sequence and the cleavage site of N.BstNBI. Mapping of cleavage sites of N.BstNBI showed that it recognizes an asymmetric sequence, 5' GAGTC 3', and cleaves only on the top strand 4 base pairs away from its recognition sequence. To verify the nicking activity of N. BstNBI, we have constructed two plasmids containing a single recognition sequence (pNB1) or no recognition site (pNB0). When pNB1 and pNB0 were incubated with the enzyme, N.BstNBI nicked only the plasmid pNB1, suggesting that N.BstNBI is a specific nicking endonuclease.
Ruthenium-Catalysed Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones (2005)

The asymmetric reduction of carbonyl, C=O, groups for the production of enantiomerically pure secondary alcohols is a reaction of fundamental importance in modern synthetic chemistry. This reaction can be performed in a number of ways. Asymmetric chemocatalysis (1) and the often complementary biocatalysis offer solutions to the stereoselective reduction of C=O groups. These two techniques have found wide industrial application (2). In the mid 1990s, two new ruthenium systems based on dihydrogen or transfer hydrogenation for asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones were developed by Professors Noyori and Ikariya. These systems enable catalytic asymmetric reduction to provide a route for the generation of enantiomerically pure secondary alcohols in a highly efficient, simple and economic way (3). This paper describes some robust and cost-effective chemocatalytic technology for asymmetric ketone reduction, using ruthenium catalysts with diphosphine ligands.
Isolation and characterization of porcine adult muscle‐derived progenitor cells (2008)

Here, we report the isolation of progenitor cells from pig skeletal muscle tissue fragments. Muscle progenitor cells were stimulated to migrate from protease-digested tissue fragments and cultured in the presence of 5 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor. The cells showed a sustained long-term expansion capacity (>120 population doublings) while maintaining a normal karyotype. The proliferating progenitor cells expressed PAX3, DESMIN, SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN, VIMENTIN, CD31, NANOG and THY-1, while MYF5 and OCT3/4 were only expressed in the lower or higher cell passages. Myogenic differentiation of porcine progenitor cells was induced in a coculture system with murine C2C12 myoblasts resulting in the formation of myotubes. Further, the cells showed adipogenic and osteogenic lineage commitment when exposed to specific differentiation conditions. These observations were determined by Von Kossa and Oil-Red-O staining and confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. In conclusion, the porcine muscle-derived progenitor cells possess long-term expansion capacity and a multilineage differentiation capacity.
Distributed Optimization and Statistical Learning via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (2010)

Many problems of recent interest in statistics and machine learning can be posed in the framework of convex optimization. Due to the explosion in size and complexity of modern datasets, it is increasingly important to be able to solve problems with a very large number of features or training examples. As a result, both the decentralized collection or storage of these datasets as well as accompanying distributed solution methods are either necessary or at least highly desirable. Distributed Optimization and Statistical Learning via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers argues that the alternating direction method of multipliers is well suited to distributed convex optimization, and in particular to large-scale problems arising in statistics, machine learning, and related areas. The method was developed in the 1970s, with roots in the 1950s, and is equivalent or closely related to many other algorithms, such as dual decomposition, the method of multipliers, Douglas-Rachford splitting, Spingarn's method of partial inverses, Dykstra's alternating projections, Bregman iterative algorithms for ?1 problems, proximal methods, and others. After briefly surveying the theory and history of the algorithm, it discusses applications to a wide variety of statistical and machine learning problems of recent interest, including the lasso, sparse logistic regression, basis pursuit, covariance selection, support vector machines, and many others. It also discusses general distributed optimization, extensions to the nonconvex setting, and efficient implementation, including some details on distributed MPI and Hadoop MapReduce implementations.
Mechanical forces as predictors of healing during tibial lengthening by distraction osteogenesis. (1994)

Direct axial loads were measured weekly during a 15% left tibial lengthening in 21 skeletally mature dogs using three in-line load cells mounted between the rings of an Ilizarov external fixator. The loads increased linearly over time to a maximum at the end of distraction (Week 4). The metaphyseal lengthening sites (mean, 155 N) generated significantly higher loads than diaphyseal sites (mean, 111 N). Stress was calculated by dividing measured load by the computed tomographic-measured cross-sectional area of each distraction osteogenesis site; the metaphyseal and diaphyseal groups demonstrated equal stress at each time point with a maximum of 47 N/cm2 at the end of distraction. Six premature consolidations occurred that demonstrated loads significantly greater than 200 N by Week 2 of distraction. Three nonunions occurred that had significantly lower loads measured by Week 3 of distraction (mean, 60 N or 26 N/cm2).
Borrelia lonestariInfection after a Bite by anAmblyomma americanumTick (2001)

Erythematous rashes that are suggestive of early Lyme disease have been associated with the bite of Amblyomma americanum ticks, particularly in the southern United States. However, Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, has not been cultured from skin biopsy specimens from these patients, and diagnostic serum antibodies usually have not been found. Borrelia lonestari sp nov, an uncultured spirochete, has been detected in A. americanum ticks by DNA amplification techniques, but its role in human illness is unknown. We observed erythema migrans in a patient with an attached A. americanum tick. DNA amplification of the flagellin gene flaB produced B. lonestari sequences from the skin of the patient that were identical to those found in the attached tick. B. lonestari is a probable cause of erythema migrans in humans.
Effects of Gallium Doping in Garnet-Type Li7La3Zr2O12 Solid Electrolytes (2015)

Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZrO) is a candidate solid electrolyte material that is now being intensively optimized for application in commercially competitive solid state Li+ ion batteries. In this study we investigate, by force-field-based simulations, the effects of Ga3+ doping in LLZrO. We confirm the stabilizing effect of Ga3+ on the cubic phase. We also determine that Ga3+ addition does not lead to any appreciable structural distortion. Li site connectivity is not significantly deteriorated by the Ga3+ addition (&gt;90% connectivity retained up to x = 0.30 in Li7–3xGaxLa3Zr2O12). Interestingly, two compositional regions are predicted for bulk Li+ ion conductivity in the cubic phase: (i) a decreasing trend for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10 and (ii) a relatively flat trend for 0.10 &lt; x ≤ 0.30. This conductivity behavior is explained by combining analyses using percolation theory, van Hove space time correlation, the radial distribution function, and trajectory density.
Phase III comparison of BCNU and the combination of procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine administered after radiotherapy with hydroxyurea for malignant gliomas (1985)

The authors report the results of a randomized study conducted to evaluate the relative benefit of treatment with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or the combination of procarbazine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea, and vincristine (PCV) administered after radiation therapy with hydroxyurea to 76 evaluable patients with glioblastoma multiforme and 72 patients with other anaplastic gliomas. The primary end-point of the study was time to tumor progression. For better-risk patients with Karnofsky performance scores of 70 to 100, results suggest that PCV was of greater benefit than BCNU (p = 0.15 for glioblastoma multiforme; p = 0.13 for other anaplastic gliomas). Median times to tumor progression were 31 and 32 weeks for patients with glioblastoma multiforme; 25th percentile times to progression were 70 and 40 weeks for patients treated with PCV and BCNU, respectively. For patients with other anaplastic gliomas treated with PCV and BCNU, median times to progression were 123 and 77 weeks, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the prognostic variables of age and Karnofsky scores were important for patients with glioblastoma multiforme and other anaplastic gliomas, and that the extent of surgical resection was important for those with other anaplastic gliomas.
Adhesion a la Moule (2002)

Mussels owe their sessile way of life in the turbulent intertidal zone to adaptive adjustments in the process and biochemistry of permanent attachment. These have understandably attracted scientific interest given that the attachment is rapid, versatile, tough and not subverted by the presence of water. The adhesive pads of mussel byssus contain at least six different proteins all of which possess the peculiar amino acid 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 30 mol %. Studies of protein distribution in the plaque indicate that proteins with the highest levels of DOPA, such as mefp-3 (20 mol %) and mefp-5 (30 mol %), appear to predominate at or near the interface between the plaque and substratum. Although the presence of DOPA in proteins has traditionally been associated with cross-linking via chelate-mediated or covalent coupling, recent experiments with natural and synthetic DOPA-containing polypeptides suggest that cross-link formation is not the only fate for DOPA. Intact DOPA, particularly near the interface, may be essential for good chemisorption to polar surfaces. Uniformly high DOPA oxidation to cross-links leads to interfacial failure but high cohesive strength, while low DOPA oxidation results in better adhesion at the expense of cohesion. Defining the adaptations involved in balancing these two extremes is crucial to understanding marine adhesion.
EFFECT OF BREATHING PATTERN ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE OSCILLATIONS IN HUMANS (1993)

SUMMARY 1. The relationships of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RS A) and respiratory changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) to tidal volume ( V T ) and breathing frequency (BF), were quantified during voluntary control of V T and BF in healthy subjects. 2. Respiration was measured non‐invasively with a respiratory inductive plethysmograph, which was calibrated prior to each study while breathing through a pneumotachygraph. Finger arterial blood pressure was measured non‐invasively by the Finapres. 3. Heart rate (HR) increased during inspiration, with a nearly fixed time delay for most V T and BF approximating 0.9 s. The magnitude of RS A increased with increases in V T and with decreases in BF. SBP decreased during inspiration, with a time delay which increased as BF decreased, resulting in a phase delay approximating 160°. The magnitude of the inspiratory fall in SBP increased with increases in V T . Increased amplitudes of RSA and SBP variation occurred at the lowest BF, consistent with the possibility of interactions between respiratory‐related influences and those due to ‘slow waves’ of vasomotor tone. 4. The present results are consistent with the conclusion that respiratory effects on SBP are caused by a mechanism other that simply changes in HR.
The Anatomical Determinants for the Design of Intracardiac Mapping and Ablation Catheters (1994)

An important factor in the efficient and successful completion of the ablation procedure is the design characteristics of the mapping/ablation catheters. These procedures are often hampered by the inability to maneuver the catheter to the desired location, in part because the catheters only have a single plane deflection capability and are not designed for the specific cardiac anatomical structures that contain the arrhythmogenic substrate. Single and Biplane Deflectable Catheters: Using measurements taken from six normal human cadaver hearts, ablation catheter design characteristics are presented for posterior, posterior septal, lateral, and posterior lateral pathways for retrograde and transseptal approaches. Three catheter designs based on anatomical characteristics were also evaluated. Pigtail Catheter: This catheter adapts to the atrial side of the mitral ring and improves positioning and stability for mapping and ablation of left-sided accessory pathways. Loop Catheter: This catheter is positioned at the perivalvular tricuspid ring and provides simultaneous mapping and ablation capabilities without the need to move the catheter or the need for additional catheters. Rotating Tip Catheter: The tip of this catheter is made up of three elongated teeth, which were curved 120 degrees apart into the rotating tip electrode. This electrode was designed to negotiate the surfaces of the atrial and intraventricular chambers. It is capable of discrete movements and has a large electrode-tissue contact area for the ablation of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Catheter designs presented in this article are based on the ability of the catheter to adapt to the anatomical location of the arrhythmogenic tissue as well as the maneuverability of the catheter's mapping and ablation electrodes. An anatomical approach to the design of ablation catheter technology is likely to reduce the x-ray radiation exposure for patient and operator, and may further increase the success rate of the procedure.
A Novel Carcinoembryonic Antigen T-Cell Bispecific Antibody (CEA TCB) for the Treatment of Solid Tumors (2016)

CEA TCB is a novel generation TCB displaying potent antitumor activity; it is efficacious in poorly infiltrated tumors where it increases T-cell infiltration and generates a highly inflamed tumor microenvironment. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3286-97. ©2016 AACR.