gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Iron-Chelator Therapy During Reperfusion with Deferoxamine-Hydroxyethyl Starch Conjugate Fails to Reduce Canine Infarct Size (1990)

Iron catalyzes reactions during ischemia and reperfusion that contribute to myocardial injury. The iron-chelator deferoxamine blocks these reactions, but undesirable side effects limit the clinical potential of deferoxamine to decrease injury. We tested whether intravenous (i.v.) administration of high doses of a well-tolerated deferoxamine-hydroxyethyl starch (DEFHES) iron-chelator during the last 10 min of ischemia and the first 10 min of reperfusion would decrease canine infarct size. Fourteen chloralose-anesthetized mongrel dogs were randomized to therapy in a blinded fashion with deferoxamine conjugate (75 mg/kg deferoxamine) or hydroxyethyl starch (HES) vehicle alone. Nine other untreated dogs served as controls. Infarct size as a percentage of area at risk (MI/RISK) was not reduced by therapy with deferoxamine conjugate. The deferoxamine dose was five times greater than the maximally tolerated dose of free deferoxamine. Arterial deferoxamine concentrations in the deferoxamine-conjugate group were 0.69 +/- 0.09 mM at onset of reperfusion and 1.37 +/- 0.05 mM at 10 min of reperfusion. Area at risk, ischemic collateral blood flow, and heart rate-blood pressure (HR/BP) product were similar in the groups. Chelation of intravascular iron at the time of reperfusion does not reduce myocardial necrosis in an in vivo model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Kinetics of intravenously administered heparin in normal humans (1982)

Abstract Heparin of five commercially available brands was used to study the disappearance of heparin anticoagulant activity in normal humans. The drug was administered intravenously by bolus injection and by continuous infusion. Heparin anticoagulant activity was determined by two assays: a diluted activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and an assay based on inactivation of bovine factor Xa, using a clotting system. After a bolus injection, the data fitted neither single exponential nor zero-order clearance. In semilogarithmic plots, heparin anticoagulant activity disappeared according to a slightly convex curve almost always preceded by a rapid initial loss of heparin anticoagulant activity. This disappearance profile was observed with all heparin regardless of the brand or assay system. Heparin anticoagulant activity estimated by the APTT disappeared faster than heparin anticoagulant activity estimated by the anti-Xa activity in the first phase. As expected, higher anticoagulant levels with the anti-Xa assay than with the APTT were also found on continuous infusion in normals as well as in patients treated for deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The experimental data suggested a model based on the combination of a saturable and a linear clearance mechanism. These experimental data provide reliable guidelines for adjustment of the dose of heparin in single patients.
Mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells by chemotherapy and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for hematologic support after high-dose intensification for breast cancer (1992)

High-dose therapy with autologous marrow support results in durable complete remissions in selected patients with relapsed lymphoma and leukemia who cannot be cured with conventional dose therapy. However, substantial morbidity and mortality result from the 3- to 6-week period of marrow aplasia until the reinfused marrow recovers adequate hematopoietic function. Hematopoietic growth factors, particularly used after chemotherapy, can increase the number of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) present in systemic circulation. The reinfusion of PBPCs with marrow has recently been reported to reduce the time to recovery of adequate marrow function. This study was designed to determine whether granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-mobilized PBPCs alone (without marrow) would result in rapid and reliable hematopoietic reconstitution. Sixteen patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with four cycles of doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and methotrexate (AFM induction). Patients responding after the first two cycles were administered GM-CSF after the third and fourth cycles to recruit PBPCs for collection by two leukapheresis per cycle. These PBPCs were reinfused as the sole source of hematopoietic support after high doses of cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin. No marrow or hematopoietic cytokines were used after progenitor cell reinfusion. Granulocytes greater than or equal to 500/microL was observed on a median of day 14 (range, 8 to 57). Transfusion independence of platelets greater than or equal to 20,000/microL occurred on a median day of 12 (range, 8 to 134). However, three patients required the use of a reserve marrow for slow platelet engraftment. In retrospect, these patients were characterized by poor baseline bone marrow cellularity and poor platelet recovery after AFM induction therapy. When compared with 29 historical control patients who had received the same high-dose intensification chemotherapy using autologous marrow support, time to engraftment, antibiotic days, transfusion requirements, and lengths of hospital stay were all significantly improved for the patients receiving PBPCs. Thus, autologous PBPCs can be efficiently collected during mobilization by chemotherapy and GM-CSF and are an attractive alternative to marrow for hematopoietic support after high-dose therapy. The enhanced speed of recovery may reduce the morbidity, mortality, and cost of high-dose treatment. Furthermore, PBPC support may enhance the effectiveness of high-dose therapy by facilitating multiple courses of therapy.
Key Exchange Delegation Record for the DNS (1997)

This note describes a mechanism whereby authorisation for one node to
act as key exchanger for a second node is delegated and made available
via the Secure DNS. This mechanism is intended to be used only with
the Secure DNS. This memo provides information for the Internet
community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Surface Material Analysis of the S-type Asteroids: Removing the Space Weathering Effect from Reflectance Spectrum (2003)

Recent years, many researchers have been observing a lot of asteroid reflectance spectra in the UV, visible to NIR at wavelength region. Reflectance spectroscopy of asteroid at this range should bring us a lot of information about its surface materials. Pyroxene and olivine have characteristic absorption bands in this wavelength range. Low-Ca pyroxene has two absorption bands around 0.9 microns and 1.9 microns. The more Ca and Fe content, the longer both absorption band centers. On the other hand, reflectance spectrum of olivine has three complicated absorption bands around 1 m, and no absorption feature around 2 microns. In general, reflectance spectra of many asteroids that are considered to be silicate rich (i.e., S- and A type asteroids) show redder slope and more subdued absorption bands than those of terrestrial minerals and meteorites. These features are now believed to be caused by the space weathering effect, which is probably caused by micrometeorite bombardment and/or solar wind. This process causes nanophase reduced iron (npFe(sup 0)) particles near the surface of mineral grains, which leads the optical change. Therefore, the space weathering effect should be removed from asteroid reflectance spectra to compare with those of meteorite and terrestrial minerals. In this report, we will apply the expanded modified Gaussian model (MGM) to the reflectance spectra of S-type asteroids 7 Iris and 532 Herculina and compare them with those of meteorites.
Effect of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the solubility, stability and in-vitro release of ciprofloxacin for ocular drug delivery. (2012)

Eye drops in the form of an aqueous solution with a lower viscosity are preferred for local administrations in ophthalmology. In ophthalmic formulations, cyclodextrins (CDs) are frequently used in recent years in order to increase water solubility, stability and bioavailability of an active substance and decrease an irritation to the eye. The scope of the present study was to investigate the influence of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) on the solubility, stability and in vitro release of ciprofloxacin (CIP). According to the phase solubility studies, A(L) type solubility curve was obtained. HPCD improved the solubility of CIP 3 times at pH 5.5 and 2 times at pH 7.4. The two month stability studies indicated that CIP was more stable at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.4 and the stability of CIP was significantly increased by HPCD. The stability constant of the HPCD:CIP complex was increased further by a-ddition of 0.1% (w/v) polymer (HPMC and PVP) to the aqueous medium including HPCD. Stability constant of solutions prepared in an ultrasonic water bath was higher than solutions prepared by heating in an autoclave. The results indicated that the CIP:HPCD complex increased in vitro release of CIP and the addition of polymer promoted this increase even more.
Electrophoretic analysis of alkylated proteins of human hair from various ethnic groups (1989)

of proteins: the low-sulfur proteins (LSP), with a MW ranging from 75 Kd to 35 Kd, and the high-sulfur proteins (HSP), with MW ranging from 30 Kd to 14 Kd. The constitutive S-polypeptides of HSP and LSP show the same molecular weights and mobilities for the different samples (European, African, Indian, and Asiatic hairs), but the intensity of HSP was found rather constant, whereas the LSP displayed a very marked difference. The yield in solubilized proteins increases from 0.3% for a Belgian blond hair sample to 19.5% for one sample of French dark brown hair. The darker the hair, the larger the yield in proteins. The variability of intensity of the bands of LSP was found to correlate with the amount of extracted proteins. This study shows that HSP and LSP behave differently with regard to the reducing buffer. These polypeptides undergo modification after synthesis, and the formation of cross-links in the hair structure might be involved. This study shows that the hair sulfur-containing proteins are identical whatever their racial origin
Lumen Loss in Transplant Coronary Artery Disease Is a Biphasic Process Involving Early Intimal Thickening and Late Constrictive Remodeling (2001)

This serial ultrasound study revealed that most of the intimal thickening occurred during the first year after heart transplantation. Changes in the EEM area showed a biphasic response, consisting of early expansion and late constriction. Thus, different mechanisms of lumen loss were observed during the early and late phases after transplantation.
Retrieval of HELP Information for Novice Users of Interactive Computer Systems (1985)

Appropriate design of HELP is important, particularly for novice users of software systems. Three methods of controlling HELP displays were evaluated in a text-editing task. The three methods were the initiation of HELP (i.e., user versus computer), the selection of a particular HELP sequence (i.e., user versus computer), and the type of format (i.e., on-line versus hard copy). These three variables were crossed in a between-subjects design along with a control condition of no HELP available to produce a total of nine separate test conditions. All of the various HELP configurations improved time to edit and reduced both the quantity of errors and the number of editing commands when compared with the no-HELP control condition. Additionally, there were differential effects among the various HELP configurations. It was concluded that for novice users, the optimum HELP system configuration was one in which the user controls the initiation and selection of HELP displays, and the information is stored in a hard-copy manual. The implications of this conclusion are discussed in terms of the design of HELP to facilitate browsing and comparison features.
Structure-activity relationships of a new series of retinoidal benzoic acid derivatives as measured by induction of differentiation of murine F9 teratocarcinoma cells and human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. (1983)

A new group of retinoids, which are 3-alkyl and 3-alkoxy derivatives of (E)-4-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2- naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl]-benzoic acid (TTNPB), has been synthesized. They were tested in vitro for biological activity by measuring induction of terminal differentiation in both murine F9 teratocarcinoma cells and human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. In the F9 assay, TTNPB was significantly more active (dose effective in achieving a half-maximal response, 3 X 10(-9) M) than was all-trans-retinoic acid, while the 3-methyl derivative of TTNPB was not. However, in the HL-60 assay, the 3-methyl derivative of TTNPB was more active (dose effective in achieving a half-maximal response, 2 X 10(-8) M) than was all-trans-retinoic acid, while TTNPB was less active. 3-Ethyl and 3-propyl derivatives were much less active than was all-trans-retinoic acid in both assays. These new retinoids should be useful agents for experimental studies of both cancer prevention and treatment, as well as for investigation of the mechanism of action of retinoids in the control of cell differentiation.
Dynodroid: an input generation system for Android apps (2013)

We present a system Dynodroid for generating relevant inputs to unmodified Android apps. Dynodroid views an app as an event-driven program that interacts with its environment by means of a sequence of events through the Android framework. By instrumenting the framework once and for all, Dynodroid monitors the reaction of an app upon each event in a lightweight manner, using it to guide the generation of the next event to the app. Dynodroid also allows interleaving events from machines, which are better at generating a large number of simple inputs, with events from humans, who are better at providing intelligent inputs.
Detection of cysteine conjugate metabolite adduct formation with specific mitochondrial proteins using antibodies raised against halothane metabolite adducts. (1991)

Antibodies raised against halothane metabolite adducts cross-react with S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (TFEC) and S-(2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl)-L-cysteine metabolite adducts. Using these antibodies in immunohistochemical experiments, metabolite binding was localized to the damaged areas of the proximal tubule after treatment of male rats with TFEC. Immunoblot analysis of subcellular fractions of rat kidney tissue after in vivo treatment with TFEC revealed a high specificity for binding of metabolites to proteins of the mitochondrial fraction. These proteins may represent target molecules which play a role in cysteine conjugate induced nephrotoxicity.
In VivoandIn VitroEffects of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) Extract and Andrographolide on Hapatic Microsomal Drug Metabolizing Enzymes1 (1987)

Administration of single doses of kalmegh leaf extract (KE; 0.5 mg/kg and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.) and andrographolide (A; 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg, p.o.) to adult male albino rats (125-150 g b. wt.), both at higher and lower doses characteristically inhibit hepatic microsomal anilinehydroxylase, N-demethylase, and O-demethylase after varying times (4-12 h) of treatment and a kinetic study indicates the nature of inhibition to be non-competitive. Repeated administration of these experimental drugs for 7-30 consecutive days, on the other hand, produces induction of all these enzymes and this type of induction is accompanied by the increase in Vmax but not any appreciable change in their Km value.
Focal Synchronization of Ripples (80–200 Hz) in Neocortex and Their Neuronal Correlates (2001)

Field potentials from different neocortical areas and intracellular recordings from areas 5 and 7 in acutely prepared cats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia and during natural states of vigilance in chronic experiments, revealed the presence of fast oscillations (80-200 Hz), termed ripples. During anesthesia and slow-wave sleep, these oscillations were selectively related to the depth-negative (depolarizing) component of the field slow oscillation (0.5-1 Hz) and could be synchronized over ~10 mm. The dependence of ripples on neuronal depolarization was also shown by their increased amplitude in field potentials in parallel with progressively more depolarized values of the membrane potential of neurons. The origin of ripples was intracortical as they were also detected in small isolated slabs from the suprasylvian gyrus. Of all types of electrophysiologically identified neocortical neurons, fast-rhythmic-bursting and fast-spiking cells displayed the highest firing rates during ripples. Although linked with neuronal excitation, ripples also comprised an important inhibitory component. Indeed, when regular-spiking neurons were recorded with chloride-filled pipettes, their firing rates increased and their phase relation with ripples was modified. Thus besides excitatory connections, inhibitory processes probably play a major role in the generation of ripples. During natural states of vigilance, ripples were generally more prominent during the depolarizing component of the slow oscillation in slow-wave sleep than during the states of waking and rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep. The mechanisms of generation and synchronization, and the possible functions of neocortical ripples in plasticity processes are discussed.
Polymorphism in the Collagen-Like Region of the Bacillus anthracis BclA Protein Leads to Variation in Exosporium Filament Length (2003)

We recently identified a Bacillus anthracis glycoprotein which is a structural constituent of the exosporium filaments (P. Sylvestre, E. Couture-Tosi, and M. Mock, Mol. Microbiol. 45:169-178, 2002). This Bacillus collagen-like protein (BclA) contains an internal collagen-like region (CLR) of GXX repeats which includes a large proportion of GPT triplets. Here, we report that the polymorphic marker Ceb-Bams13, for which there are nine alleles (P. Le Flèche et al., BMC Microbiol. 1:2, 2001), maps within the open reading frame encoding BclA. The bclA gene in 11 B. anthracis strains representative of seven Ceb-Bams13 alleles was sequenced and compared to the Ames bclA gene sequence. The amino- and carboxy-terminal sequences surrounding the CLR are conserved. The CLR itself is highly polymorphic: it contains between 17 and 91 GXX repeats and one to eight copies of the 21-amino-acid sequence (GPT)(5)GDTGTT, named the BclA repeat. The length of the filament on the spore surface differed between the strains. We exchanged the bclA gene between strains with different CLRs and examined the spore surfaces by electron microscopy analysis. The length of the BclA CLR is responsible for the variation in filament length.
ANDROGEN REPLACEMENT WITH ORAL TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE IN HYPOGONADAL MEN: A DOUBLE BLIND CONTROLLED STUDY (1981)

The effects of androgen withdrawal and replacement were investigated in six hypergonadotrophic and six hypogonadotrophic men with hypogonadism. A double blind cross-over design was used comparing testosterone undecanoate (T.U., Organon International), 160 mg daily by mouth, with placebo. There was a significant effect of T.U. on all measures of sexual interest and behaviour. Sexual interest increased within the first week of T.U. administration, ejaculation usually returning within the second week. Behavioural responses were similar in the hyper- and hypogonadotrophic groups. The rise in plasma testosterone during T.U. administration was modest, not reaching the normal range in several cases. 5 alpha dihydrotestosterone rose more substantially. There was a significant fall in sex hormone binding globulin, a rise in oestradiol and no significant change in gonadotrophin concentrations during T.U. administration.
In vivo cell kinetics in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas predicts local control and helps guide radiotherapy regimen. (1995)

Pretreatment tumor Tpot appears to be an important independent prognostic factor for local control of HN-SCC treated by primary radiotherapy.
PAI-1, Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Risk of Cardiovascular Events (1997)

Circulating (PAI-1) levels are elevated in patients with coronary heart disease and may play an important role in the development of atherothrombosis. Many clinical studies have indicated that the insulin resistance syndrome, which is a situation predisposing to diabetes and ischemic heart disease, may be a major regulator of PAI-1 expression, especially in determining plasma PAI-1 levels. Central obesity is a characteristic of insulin resistance and is a well recognized risk factor for coronary heart disease. Recently the production of PAI-1 by adipose tissue, in particular by tissue from omentum, has been demonstrated and could be an important contributor to the elevated plasma PAI-1 levels observed in insulin resistant patients. Besides the effect of the metabolic status on plasma PAI-1 levels, the role of a genetic control has been emphasized, but according to recent results obtained in a family segregation study, its participation seems limited. Prospective cohort studies of patients with previous myocardial infarction or angina pectoris have underlined the association between increased plasma PAI-1 levels and the risk of coronary events, but the predictive capacity of PAI-1 disappears after insulin resistance marker adjustments. Taken together these results support the notion that PAI-1 can be a link between obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease.
A morphogenetic wave ofp27Kip1transcription directs cell cycle exit during organ of Corti development (2006)

The molecular mechanisms coordinating cell cycle exit with cell differentiation and organogenesis are a crucial, yet poorly understood, aspect of normal development. The mammalian cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) is required for the correct timing of cell cycle exit in developing tissues, and thus plays a crucial role in this process. Although studies of p27(Kip1) regulation have revealed important posttranscriptional mechanisms regulating p27(Kip1) abundance, little is known about how developmental patterns of p27(Kip1) expression, and thus cell cycle exit, are achieved. Here, we show that during inner ear development transcriptional regulation of p27(Kip1) is the primary determinant of a wave of cell cycle exit that dictates the number of postmitotic progenitors destined to give rise to the hair cells and supporting cells of the organ of Corti. Interestingly, transcriptional induction from the p27(Kip1) gene occurs normally in p27(Kip1)-null mice, indicating that developmental regulation of p27(Kip1) transcription is independent of the timing of cell cycle exit. In addition, cell-type-specific patterns of p27(Kip1) transcriptional regulation are observed in the mature organ of Corti and retina, suggesting that this mechanism is important in differential regulation of the postmitotic state. This report establishes a link between the spatial and temporal pattern of p27(Kip1) transcription and the control of cell number during sensory organ morphogenesis.