gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic electrical properties of mammalian neurons and CNS function: a historical perspective (2014)

This brief review summarizes work done in mammalian neuroscience concerning the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of four neuronal types; Cerebellar Purkinje cells, inferior olivary cells, thalamic cells, and some cortical interneurons. It is a personal perspective addressing an interesting time in neuroscience when the reflex view of brain function, as the paradigm to understand global neuroscience, began to be modified toward one in which sensory input modulates rather than dictates brain function. The perspective of the paper is not a comprehensive description of the intrinsic electrical properties of all nerve cells but rather addresses a set of cell types that provide indicative examples of mechanisms that modulate brain function.
Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells (2008)

Multiple myeloma is characterized by the clonal expansion of neoplastic plasma cells within the bone marrow, elevated serum immunoglobulin, and osteolytic bone disease. The disease is highly responsive to a wide variety of anticancer treatments including conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, corticosteroids, radiation therapy, and a growing number of agents with novel mechanisms of action. However, few if any patients are cured with these modalities and relapse remains a critical issue. A better understanding of clonogenic multiple myeloma cells is essential to ultimately improving long-term outcomes, but the nature of the cells responsible for myeloma regrowth and disease relapse is unclear. We review evidence that functional heterogeneity exists in multiple myeloma and discuss potential strategies and clinical implications of the stem-cell model of cancer in this disease.
Solar irradiation forecasting using RBF networks for PV systems with storage (2012)

In this paper a Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network is proposed to obtain the 24-hr forecast of the solar irradiation on the horizontal plane in the city of Ancona, Italy. This information is used to estimate the production of a PhotoVoltaic (PV) plant in order to provide the 'Gestore dei Servizi Energetici' (the main italian provider of energy services) with the power production profile of the next day. The company Energy Resources SPA has experimentally tested the proposed solution by a 14 KWp PV plant and a lithium battery pack. The battery pack is used to store the exceding power produced or to supply the lack of power compared with the reference.
60 muertos en la escalera, novela de Carlos Droguett (1990)

Obra desconcertante para muchos, estructuralmente poco armonica para otros; sin embargo se le reconocio una originalidad y una audacia formal poco comun en el ambito novelistico nacional. Como ocurre con la mayoria de la critica de Droguett, las opinioones se reparten entre detractores e incondicionales que terminan defendiendo o atacando al autor, dejando la obra en segundo plano, de la que solo quedan impresiones.
Resource-Aware Scaling of Multi-threaded Java Applications in Multi-tenancy Scenarios (2013)

Cloud platforms are becoming more prevalent in every computational domain, particularly in e-Science. A typical scientific workload will have a long execution time or be data intensive. Providing an execution environment for these applications, which belong to different tenants, has to deal with the horizontal scaling of execution flows (i.e. threads) and an effective allocation of resources that takes into account the effective progress made by each tenant. While this is trivial for Bag-of-Tasks and embarrassingly parallel jobs, it is hard for HPC single-process multi-threaded applications because they cannot be scaled up automatically just by adding more virtual machines to execute the workload. In this paper we present MengTian, a distributed execution environment or platform capable of addressing the issues above. It encompasses several extensions to the Java execution environment, ranging from middleware to the virtual machine code and libraries. Our Java-based platform provides a Single System Image abstraction supported by a Partially Global Address Space to transparently spawn threads across a cluster of machines. It monitors progress with different levels-of-detail and accounts and restricts resource consumption. The overall goal is to redistribute resources among different JVM instances, increasing the unitary outcome of the progress vs. resource usage ratio over time.
Contractility and stiffness of noninfarcted myocardium after coronary ligation in rats. Effects of chronic angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. (1991)

These findings suggest that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in the rat infarct model of heart failure improves global cardiac performance via combined effects on myocardial function and the peripheral circulation.
Sensitivity Study of the Dynamics of Three-Phase Photovoltaic Inverters With an LCL Grid Filter (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> An accurate small-signal model of three-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters with a high-order grid filter is derived in this paper. The proposed model takes into account the influence of both the inverter operating point and the PV panel characteristics on the inverter dynamic response. A sensitivity study of the control loops to variations of the dc voltage, PV panel transconductance, supplied power, and grid inductance is performed using the proposed small-signal model. Analytical and experimental results carried out on a 100-kW PV inverter are presented. </para>
Expression of functional mouse 5‐HT5A serotonin receptor in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris: pharmacological characterization and localization (1995)

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was tested for heterologous expression of the mouse 5-HT5A receptor. Three different expression plasmids were constructed where the cDNA of the receptor was cloned under the transcriptional control of the highly inducible promoter of the P. pastoris alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1) gen. The expression plasmids differed with respect to the signal sequences used for N-terminal fusion. In two cases the coding region was additionally fused to the c-myc tag to permit immunological detection of the receptor. Expression of functional receptor after transformation of strain GS115 was detected by radioligand binding using [3H]LSD. The construct with the best expression levels in strain GS115 was used for transformation of the protease deficient strain SMD1163. Here, the expression level was 2-8 times higher. Whole cells as well as crude membrane preparations of recombinant clones showed saturable binding of [3H]LSD with a Kd of approximately 1.9 nM. Receptor concentrations of approximately 22 pmol/mg membrane protein revealed the potential of the P. pastoris expression system for high level expression of membrane proteins. The pharmacological properties were comparable to those reported for the receptor expressed in mammalian systems.
Gametic Disequilibrium Measures: Proceed With Caution (1987)

Five different measures of gametic disequilibrium in current use and a new one based on R. C. Lewontin's D', are examined and compared. All of them, except the measure based on Lewontin's D', are highly dependent upon allelic frequencies, including four measures that are normalized in some manner. In addition, the measures suggested by A. H. D. Brown, M. F. Feldman and E. Nevo, and T. Ohta can have negative values when there is maximum disequilibrium and have rates of decay in infinite populations that are a function of the initial gametic array. The variances were large for all the measures in samples taken from populations at equilibrium under neutrality, with the measure based on D' having the lowest variance. In these samples, three of the measures were highly correlated, D2, D (equal to the correlation coefficient when there are two alleles at each locus) and the measure X(2) of Brown et al. Using frequency-dependent measures may result in mistaken conclusions, a fact illustrated by discussion of studies inferring recombinational hot spots and the effects of population bottlenecks from disequilibrium values.
Intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in peripheral blood eosinophils of Churg–Strauss syndrome (2009)

High susceptibility of peripheral blood eosinophils to spontaneous apoptosis in vitro, and minor changes in expression of apoptotic-related genes in transcriptome analysis, do not support the hypothesis on intrinsic defect in apoptosis, as the cause of eosinophil accumulation in CSS.
AVA Analysis and Compensation on Common Image Gathers in the Angle Domain (2001)

�� are the normalized polarization vectors receiver � at the source and is two-way traveltime is the is the gradient of two-way traveltime is the ray amplitude. The describes where� and� the contrast source radiation pattern at the image point. The combination of sources and receivers will dictate �� and� matrix� data � the maximum possible coverage �� in migration dip and hence the is also data dependent. The complete image is constructed by an additional stack over scattering angle and azimuth. support� The ‘measure’ in equation (1) � is modified by introducing the conical in migration dip and the
Life with 6000 Genes (1996)

The genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been completely sequenced through a worldwide collaboration. The sequence of 12,068 kilobases defines 5885 potential protein-encoding genes, approximately 140 genes specifying ribosomal RNA, 40 genes for small nuclear RNA molecules, and 275 transfer RNA genes. In addition, the complete sequence provides information about the higher order organization of yeast's 16 chromosomes and allows some insight into their evolutionary history. The genome shows a considerable amount of apparent genetic redundancy, and one of the major problems to be tackled during the next stage of the yeast genome project is to elucidate the biological functions of all of these genes.
3-Azanoradamantanes (1979)

2 are obtained by ring closure in acid medium of C7-substituted N-tosyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.
Guided-wave electro-optic beam deflector using domain reversal in LiTaO/sub 3/ (1994)

We have fabricated and demonstrated the operation of electro-optic beam deflectors using domain reversal in planar waveguides fabricated on LiTaO/sub 3/ substrates. The planar waveguides were made using proton exchange on z-cut substrates, and proton exchange with subsequent rapid thermal annealing was used to form the inverted domains. The deflection sensitivity of the device was measured to be about 6.7 mrad/kV. Calculations indicate that the deflection sensitivity should be increased by a factor of 25 to 30 with improvements in device geometry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cytokinins (1965)

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Expression of intercellular junctions during preimplantation development of the human embryo (1996)

A total of 74 human embryos were stained with gap junction protein specific anti-peptide antibodies an antibodies to the desmosomal protein desmoplakin to reveal the expression pattern of intercellular junctions during preimplantation development. Prior to implantation, the human embryo expresses predominantly connexin (Cx43)-containing gap junctions. Gap junctions were first detected in apposing cell membranes at the 4-cell stage and became increasingly organized as development proceeded. In normal blastocysts, trophectoderm (TE) cells were linked by dense arrays of gap junctions while inner cell mass (ICM) cells were linked by small, punctate gap junctions. Gap junctions containing Cx32 or Cx26 were observed occasionally in the TE of late blastocysts. Desmosomes appeared between outer cells prior to cavitation and were retained in the TE, but not in the ICM. Levels of gap junction protein expression were variable in morphologically normal embryos at the same stage, suggesting that a normal appearance may not be a reliable indicator of future viability. Morphologically normal embryos often possessed multinucleate, apoptotic and decompacting cells. They could show either extensive, disorganized over-expression or reduced expression of gap junction protein. The results fit the view that only embryos destined to survive display an organized pattern of intercellular junctions.
Caspase inhibition reveals functional cooperation between p55- and p75-TNF receptors in cell necrosis. (2000)

TNF-induced caspase activation is critically involved in both apoptosis and protection from cell necrosis. We have investigated the roles of the p55- and p75-TNF receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) in the induction of mouse L-M cell death in the presence of a caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk) and a transcription inhibitor (actinomycin D), i.e. under conditions in which protective pathways requiring caspase activation and protein synthesis were blocked. Cytometric analysis after TNF treatment showed that apoptosis was inhibited, while necrosis was highly activated. In contrast, apoptosis was observed in cells treated with TNF and actinomycin D alone. Stimulation of TNFR1 was sufficient to induce either cell necrosis or apoptosis, even when we blocked endogenous TNF with an anti-murine TNF antibody. Experiments based on the use of receptor-agonist and antagonist antibodies also showed that TNFR2 contributes to cell necrosis and apoptosis. Simultaneous stimulation of TNFR2 and TNFR1 with specific agonists indicated that TNFR2 functionally cooperates with TNFR1 to potentiate the response indirectly, by inducing endogenous TNF cytotoxicity. Caspase inhibitors enhanced the cytotoxic effect of endogenous TNF, suggesting that TNFR2 modulation can regulate the global necrotic response to TNF. TNFR2 modulation could play an important role in determining the response to TNF in pathophysiological conditions characterized by caspase down-regulation and local TNF production.
Identification of Functional Domains in the 14-Kilodalton Envelope Protein (A27L) of Vaccinia Virus (1999)

The mechanism of entry of vaccinia virus (VV) into cells is still a poorly understood process. A 14-kDa protein (encoded by the A27L gene) in the envelope of intracellular mature virus (IMV) has been implicated in virus-cell attachment, virus-cell fusion, and virus release from cells. We have previously described the structural organization of the VV 14-kDa protein, consisting of a triple-stranded coiled-coil region responsible for oligomer formation and a predicted Leu zipper-like third alpha helix with an important role in the interaction with a 21-kDa membrane protein (encoded by the A17L gene) thought to anchor the 14-kDa protein to the envelope of IMV (M.-I. Vázquez, G. Rivas, D. Cregut, L. Serrano, and M. Esteban, J. Virol. 72:10126-10137, 1998). To identify the functional domains important for virus entry and release, we have generated VV recombinants containing a copy of the A27L gene regulated by the lacI operator-repressor system of Escherichia coli (VVIndA27L) in the thymidine kinase locus and a mutant form of the A27L gene in the hemagglutinin locus but expressed constitutively under the control of an early-late VV promoter. Cells infected with a VV recombinant that expresses a mutant 14-kDa form lacking the first 29 amino acids at the N terminus failed to form extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). Fusion-from-without assays with purified virus confirmed that the fusion process was mediated by the 14-kDa protein and the fusion domain to be contained within amino acids 29 to 43 of the N-terminal region. Competitive inhibition of the infection process with soluble heparin and synthetic peptides and in vitro experiments with purified mutant proteins identified the heparin binding domain within amino acids 21 to 33, suggesting that this domain is involved in virus-cell binding via heparan sulfate. Thus, the N terminus of the 14-kDa protein contains a heparin binding domain, a fusion domain, and a domain responsible for interacting with proteins or lipids in the Golgi stacks for EEV formation and virus spread.
Antibody Targeted Photolysis. (1993)

The technique of Antibody Targeted Photolysis (ATPL) is reviewed from an historical perspective with a summary of the literature since the first experiments were performed in 1983. Attention is given to both the biological and photophysical properties of the various immunoconjugates that have been developed. References to critical discoveries and competing technologies in the photodynamic literature are given. Topics include: synthesis of immunoconjugates, in vitro vs. in vivo toxicity, in vivo biodistribution, immunoconjugate delivery, photosensitizer selection based on photophysical properties, light delivery for specific applications, oxygen requirements, and other physicochemical phenomena. A mathematical model of the dynamics for cell killing based upon the transport of phototoxins to the cell surface is developed. A generalized set of coupled differential equations is given, which conveniently summarizes the manifold requirements stressed earlier for successful cell killing. Solutions are then presented for an idealized set of conditions appropriate for an isolated tumor cell. Suggestions for further improvements and follow-up experiments are made that could help in the evolution of ATPL into a useful clinical therapy and/or probe for cell biological studies.
Serum Levels of the Interleukin-1 Receptor Family Member ST2 Predict Mortality and Clinical Outcome in Acute Myocardial Infarction (2004)

Serum levels of the interleukin-1 receptor family member ST2 predict mortality and heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. These data suggest that ST2 may be a useful biomarker and that this novel inflammatory receptor may play a role in cardiac pathophysiology.
Blind synchronisation for OFDM (1997)

A blind synchronisation method for an OFDM system operating over a wireless frequency selective channel is presented. There are two restrictions: (i) the constellation on each subcarrier must have points equally spaced in phase and (ii) the length of the guard interval must be chosen from a subset of allowed values. The frequency offset acquisition range is ~±1/8 of the total OFDM symbol bandwidth.
Recent developments in protease activity assays and sensors (2017)

Proteases play a pivotal role in regulating important physiological processes from food digestion to blood clotting. They are also important biomarkers for many diseases such as cancers. The importance of proteases has led to extensive efforts in the screening of proteases and their inhibitors as potential drug molecules. For example, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients have been treated with HIV-1 protease inhibitors to prolong the life expectancy of patients. Such a close relationship between diseases and proteases provides a strong motivation for developing sensitive, selective, and robust protease assays and sensors, which can be exploited to discover new proteases and inhibitors. In this aspect, protease assays based on levels of proteolytic activities are more relevant than protease affinity assays such as immunoassays. In this review, recent developments of protease activity assays based on different detection principles are discussed and compared. For homogenous assays, fluorescence-based techniques are the most popular due to their high sensitivity and quantitative results. However, homogeneous assays have limited multiplex sensing capabilities. In contrast, heterogeneous assays can be employed to detect multiple proteases simultaneously, given the microarray technology that is already available. Among them, electrochemical methods, surface spectroscopy techniques, and enzyme-linked peptide protease assays are commonly used. Finally, recent developments in liquid crystal (LC)-based protease assays and their applications for detecting proteases and their inhibitors are discussed.
Introduction to Quartz Frequency Standards (1992)

The fundamentals of quartz frequency standards are reviewed. The subjects discussed include: crystal resonators and oscillators, oscillator types, and the characteristics arid limitations of temperature-compensated crystal oscillators (TCXO) and oven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXO). The oscillator instabilities discussed include: aging, noise, frequency vs. temperature, warmup, acceleration effects, magnetic field effects, atmospheric pressure effects, radiation effects, and interactions among the various effects. Guidelines are provided for oscillator comparison and selection. Discussions of specifications are also included, as are references and suggestions for further reading. Oscillator, clock, frequency standard, frequency control, frequency stability, time, timing devices, quartz, quartz crystal, quartz oscillator, atomic clock, atomic frequency standard, stability, aging, noise, phase noise.
Cloning of human Bcl-2 homologue: inflammatory cytokines induce human A1 in cultured endothelial cells (1996)

Bcl-2 is an intracellular membrane-associated protein that functions to block programmed cell death. Despite recurrent exposure to cellular toxins from the circulation and tissue, endothelial cells are remarkably resistant to cell death. Because Bcl-2 protein levels are low or undetectable in endothelial cells, we postulated that other members of the growing Bcl-2 family would be present in endothelial cells to provide protection against apoptosis. Degenerate primers to two conserved regions of the Bcl-2 family were used to amplify potential homologues in endothelial cells. This strategy resulted in the isolation of a human Bcl-2 homologue related to murine Al, a recently identified member of this family. We show here that, in endothelial cells, human Al is rapidly inducible by phorbol ester and the inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta, but not by the growth factors, basic fibroblast growth factor or vascular endothelial growth factor. Al is the only known Bcl-2 family member that is inducible by inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that it may play a protective role during inflammation. Additionally, vascular smooth muscle cells and various nonhematopoietic tissues express human Al, indicating that human Al is a widely expressed Bcl-2 homologue.
A Dynamic Technique for Eliminating Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities (and Other Memory Errors) (2005)

Buffer overflow vulnerabilities are caused by programming errors that allow an attacker to cause the program to write beyond the bounds of an allocated memory block to corrupt other data structures. The standard way to exploit a buffer overflow vulnerability involves a request that is too large for the buffer intended to hold it. The buffer overflow error causes the program to write part of the request beyond the bounds of the buffer, corrupting the address space of the program and causing the program to execute injected code contained in the request. We have implemented a compiler that inserts dynamic checks into the generated code to detect all out of bounds memory accesses. When it detects an out of bounds write, it stores the value away in a hash table to return as the value for corresponding out of bounds reads. The net effect is to (conceptually) give each allocated memory block unbounded size and to eliminate out of bounds accesses as a programming error. We have acquired several widely used open source servers (Apache, Sendmail, Pine, Mutt, and Midnight Commander). With standard compilers, all of these servers are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks as documented at security tracking Web sites. Our compiler eliminates these security vulnerabilities (as well as other memory errors). Our results show that our compiler enables the servers to execute successfully through buffer overflow attacks to continue to correctly service user requests without security vulnerabilities.