gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-HIV-I activity of linked lexitropsins (1992)

Five groups of lexitropsin oligopeptides have been synthesized that are structurally related to the natural antiviral agents netropsin and distamycin and bearing two such moieties joined by flexible or rigid linkers. Inhibitory activity of these types of agents against murine leukemia retrovirus (MuLV) led to an evaluation of their inhibition of HIV-I in cell culture. The antiretroviral activity of the five different classes of lexitropsins is discussed in terms of their structural differences.
Liquid-Solid Contact in Stable Film Boiling (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-Solid Contact in Stable Film BoilingW. S. BradfieldCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1966, 5, 2, 200–204Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160018a008https://doi.org/10.1021/i160018a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views581Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Wireless and wireline convergence (2002)

Recent changes in the United States telecommunications industry — both regulatory and market driven — provide an environment for integrating wireless and wireline services and the infrastructure used to provide them. Changes in the industry have created competition in local access, deregulation that allows bundling of services and one-stop shopping, and multiple personal communication services (PCS) licensees, each with the desire to differentiate its service offering with value-added capabilities. Integrating wireless and wireline services enables service providers to offer a seamless wireless/wireline service and help control infrastructure and ongoing administrative costs. This paper highlights some advantages for integrating these systems in the U.S. market today. We describe a vision of the long-term services architecture for a functional solution and several near-term product concepts designed to provide an integrated wireless/wireline service.
Additions of singlet oxygen to alkoxy-substituted dienes. The mechanism of the singlet oxygen 1,2-cycloaddition reaction (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions of singlet oxygen to alkoxy-substituted dienes. The mechanism of the singlet oxygen 1,2-cycloaddition reactionEdward L. Clennan and Krzysztof. NagrabaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 13, 4312–4318Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00221a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00221a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views419Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tracheobronchial tree: expandable metallic stents used in experimental and clinical applications. Work in progress. (1986)

An expandable stainless steel stent was formulated for use in the treatment of tracheobronchial stenosis, tracheomalacia, and airway collapse following tracheal reconstruction. The stents were placed through an endotracheal tube into the trachea and bronchi of 11 healthy dogs. The stents expanded over time, substantially increasing the diameter of the lumen. Slight migration occasionally occurred, while an inflammatory reaction was noted in each animal. The stents were successfully used in the treatment of two cancer patients to dilate a postoperative bronchial stenosis that caused pneumonia and to support a tracheal graft that collapsed with respiration. Because of the stent migration in experimental studies, designs are being tested to develop stents with greater stability. These stents may be effective in overcoming stenosis caused by scarring, extrinsic compression, and collapse of reconstructed tracheobronchial structures.
Silibinin Inhibits Inflammatory and Angiogenic Attributes in Photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 Hairless Mice (2007)

Sunscreens partially filter UVB and, therefore, could partially prevent skin cancer; however, efficient approaches are desired to effectively prevent photocarcinogenesis. It is hypothesized that nontoxic pharmacologically active natural compounds can increase photoprotective effects. Our completed studies suggest that silibinin, a bioactive phytochemical, strongly prevents photocarcinogenesis; however, its mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, for the first time, we used a clinically relevant UVB dose (30 mJ/cm(2)/day) to examine the photoprotective effect and associated mechanisms of silibinin in SKH1 hairless mice. Topical or dietary silibinin treatment caused a strong protection against photocarcinogenesis in terms of delay in tumor appearance, multiplicity, and volume. Analyses of normal skin, uninvolved skin from tumor-bearing mice, and skin tumors showed a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05-0.001) in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) levels by silibinin. Concomitantly, phospho-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (Tyr(705)) and phospho-p65(Ser(536)) were also decreased by silibinin, which are potential up-stream regulators of iNOS and COX-2. Simultaneously, silibinin also decreased UVB-caused increase in cell proliferation and microvessel density. In tumors, hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor protein levels were decreased by silibinin. Further analysis showed that silibinin inhibited UVB-caused phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 and p65, as well as nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) DNA binding activity. Together, these results suggest that silibinin causes a strong protective effect against photocarcinogenesis via down-regulation of inflammatory and angiogenic responses, involving HIF-1alpha, STAT3, and NF-kappaB transcription factors, as well as COX2 and iNOS.
Differential inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by tie2 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 dominant‐negative receptor mutants (2001)

Tumor growth is angiogenesis-dependent. Current evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a major regulator of embryonic and hypoxia-mediated angiogenesis, is necessary for tumor angiogenesis. VEGF is expressed in tumor cells in vivo, and its tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are up-regulated in the tumor endothelium. A second endothelial cell-specific ligand/receptor tyrosine kinase system, consisting of the tie2 receptor, its activating ligand angiopoietin-1 and the inhibitory ligand angiopoietin-2, has been characterized. We have examined 6 human primary breast-cancer samples and 4 murine breast-cancer cell lines (M6363, M6378, M6444, M6468), transplanted into nude mice, by in situ hybridization and/or Northern analysis. Expression of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and tie2 was compared to VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression. Human tumors expressed VEGFR-2 and tie2 but varied considerably in VEGF and angiopoietin-1/-2 expression. In the murine tumor models, we observed high heterogeneity of receptor and ligand expression. M6363 and M6378 tumors were analyzed in detail because they showed different expression of components of the tie2/angiopoietin signaling system. M6363 tumors expressed VEGF, VEGFR-2 and angiopoietin-2 but not tie2 or angiopoietin-1, suggesting activation of VEGFR-2 and inhibition of tie2 signaling pathways, whereas M6378 tumors expressed VEGF, VEGFR-2, tie2 and angiopoietin-1 but little angiopoietin-2, suggesting activation of both VEGFR-2 and tie2 signaling pathways. In vivo studies using truncated dominant-negative tie2 and VEGFR-2 mutants revealed inhibition of M6363 tumor growth by 15% (truncated tie2) and 36% (truncated VEGFR-2), respectively. In contrast, M6378 tumor growth was inhibited by 57% (truncated tie2) and 47% (truncated VEGFR-2), respectively. These findings support the hypothesis that tumor angiogenesis is dependent on VEGFR-2 but suggest that, in addition, tie2-dependent pathways of tumor angiogenesis may exist. For adequate application of angiogenesis inhibitors in tumor patients, analysis of prevailing angiogenesis pathways may be a prerequisite.
A Review of Horizontal Well and Drainhole Technology (1987)

ABSTRACT This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of horizontal well and drainhole technology, and provides guidelines for the initial evaluation of horizontal well and drainhole drilling prospects. The primary emphasis of the paper is reservoir engineering. Since drilling and completion methods influence a horizontal well's performance, a brief review of these aspects of technology is also included. The paper also reports the field production histories available in the literature.
Abstract 4332: Development of AGS15E, a novel antibody drug conjugate targeting SLITRK6 for the treatment of bladder cancer. (2013)

Abstract Agensys (an affiliate of Astellas Pharma), Santa Monica, CA Abstract: SLITRK6 is a member of the SLITRK family of neuronal transmembrane proteins involved in neurite outgrowth. It was discovered by Agensys using suppressive subtractive hybridization on biopsies from bladder cancer patients. Expression in bladder cancer was confirmed by RNA and immunohistochemical analysis. These studies showed SLITRK6 to be highly expressed in bladder carcinoma in situ as well as in invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. In addition, SLITRK6 was shown to be expressed in a subset of lung cancer, breast cancer and glioblastoma specimens. Agensys has generated a novel antibody drug conjugate (ADC), targeting SLITRK6, which is being developed for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer. This Monomethyl Auristatin E based ADC binds to cell surface SLITRK6 with high affinity and cross reacts with the cynomolgus monkey orthologue. Selection and development of this ADC will be discussed including antibody choice, drug platform choice, conjugation development and other aspects of pre-clinical evaluation. Citation Format: Kendall Morrison. Development of AGS15E, a novel antibody drug conjugate targeting SLITRK6 for the treatment of bladder cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4332. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4332
Coronary sinus pacing. (1978)

We present a to following results in the constructive theory of operator\nalgebras. A representation theorem for finite dimensional von Neumann-algebras. A\nrepresentation theorem for normal functionals. The spectral measure is independent of\nthe choice of the basis of the underlying Hilbert space. Finally, the double commutant\ntheorem for finite von Neumann algebras and for Abelian von Neumann algebras.
Highly-sensitive passive integrated optical spiral-shaped waveguide refractometer (1997)

A passive integrated optical waveguide refractometer based on bendloss changes in a spiral-shaped channel waveguide is proposed and fabricated in Si3N4/SiO2 technology. The experimentally determined performance and the theoretical predictions, based on a simple model for so-called “whispering gallery modes,” agree very well. The minimum detectable refractive index change was measured to be Δn=1.3×10−5.
Role of Protein Kinase A in the Maintenance of Inflammatory Pain (1999)

Although the initiation of inflammatory pain (hyperalgesia) has been demonstrated to require the cAMP second messenger signaling cascade, whether this mechanism and/or other mechanisms underlie the continued maintenance of the induced hyperalgesia is unknown. We report that injection of adenylyl cyclase inhibitors before but not after injection of direct-acting hyperalgesic agents (prostaglandin E 2 and purine and serotonin receptor agonists) resulted in reduction in hyperalgesia, evaluated by the Randall–Selitto paw-withdrawal test. In contrast, injection of protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors either before or after these hyperalgesic agents resulted in reduced hyperalgesia, suggesting that hyperalgesia after its activation was maintained by persistent PKA activity but not by adenylyl cyclase activity. To evaluate further the role of PKA activity in the maintenance of hyperalgesia, we injected the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKACS) that resulted in hyperalgesia similar in magnitude to that induced by the direct-acting hyperalgesic agents but much longer in duration (&gt;48 vs 2 hr). Injection of WIPTIDE (a PKA inhibitor) at 24 hr after PKACS reduced hyperalgesia, suggesting that PKACS hyperalgesia is not independently maintained by steps downstream from PKA. In summary, our results indicate that, once established, inflammatory mediator-induced hyperalgesia is no longer maintained by adenylyl cyclase activity but rather is dependent on ongoing PKA activity. An understanding of the mechanism maintaining hyperalgesia may provide important insight into targets for the treatment of persistent pain.
Retinoidal Dienamides and Related Aromatic Amides. Replacement of the 9-Ene Structure of Retinoic Acid with a trans- or cis-Amide Group. (1995)

Several retinoid candidates which possess an amide bond at the position corresponding to the 9-ene part of retinoic acid (1) were synthesized and their conformations and biological activities were investigated. N-(Methoxycarbonyl)dienamines, prepared by the rearrangement of dienoic acid azides trapped by methanol, were condensed with acid chlorides, followed by removal of the methoxycarbonyl group and hydrolysis of the ester group to afford the secondary dienamides, N-(2, 6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)muconamic acid (7a), 5-[[3-(2, 6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propenoyl]amino]-2, 4-pentadienoic acid (8a), and 4-[N-[2-[2, 6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]carbamoyl]benzoic acid (26a). The tertiary amide derivatives were also prepared by N-methylation of the secondary amides. NMR studies indicated that the secondary dienamides exist predominantly in trans-amide form in solution, like the potent retinoidal aromatic amide, 4-[(5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-5, 5, 8, 8, -tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-carbamoyl]benzoic acid (Am80). N-Methylation of the secondary amides resulted in cis-amide preference in solution. The biological activities of these amides were examined in terms of the differentiation-inducing activity towards human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60.
Protection against Escherichia coli infection by antibody to the Staphylococcus aureus poly- N -acetylglucosamine surface polysaccharide (2007)

Poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) is a surface polysaccharide produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and is an effective target for opsonic and protective Ab for these two organisms. Recently, it has been found that Escherichia coli produces an exo-polysaccharide, designated polyglucosamine, that is biochemically indistinguishable from PNAG. We analyzed 30 E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract and neonatal bloodstream infections for the pga locus, PNAG antigen production, and susceptibility to opsonic killing and protection from lethal infection by Ab to PNAG. Twenty-six of 30 strains carried the pga locus, 25 of 30 expressed immunologically detectable PNAG, and 21 of 30 could be killed by rabbit IgG specific for the deacetylated form of the staphylococcal PNAG. Ab to staphylococcal PNAG protected mice against lethality from five different E. coli strains expressing PNAG. PNAG expression by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms could make this antigen a conserved vaccine target for multiple pathogenic species of bacteria.
DPCM picture coding with adaptive prediction (1977)

Adaptive prediction is a method of improving the prediction in differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) systems. The information on contour directions derived from neighboring picture elements is used to select a suitable prediction value for the actual sample. An effective way for determining the contour direction, taking into account signal-source noise, quantization distortions and hardware complexity, is given. Adaptive prediction can be favorably combined with a switched quantizer. Simulations both with critical test signals and broadband TV pictures have shown that adaptive prediction can substantially improve the quality of pictures with high-definition contours. The sensitivity to signal-source noise and to transmission errors is small and comparable to fixed prediction DPCM systems.
Thrombospondin-1 Acts Via IAP/CD47 to Synergize With Collagen in 2β1-Mediated Platelet Activation (1999)

Integrin-associated protein (IAP; or CD47) is a receptor for the cell binding domain (CBD) of thrombospondin-1 (TS1). In platelets, IAP associates with and regulates the function of alphaIIbbeta3 integrin (Chung et al, J Biol Chem 272:14740, 1997). We test here the possibility that CD47 may also modulate the function of platelet integrin alpha2beta1, a collagen receptor. The CD47 agonist peptide, 4N1K (KRFYVVMWKK), derived from the CBD, synergizes with soluble collagen in aggregating platelet-rich plasma. 4N1K and intact TS1 also induce the aggregation of washed, unstirred platelets on immobilized collagen with a rapid increase in tyrosine phosphorylation. The effects of TS1 and 4N1K on platelet aggregation are absolutely dependent on IAP, as shown by the use of platelets from IAP-/- mice. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) prevents 4N1K-dependent aggregation on immobilized collagen but does not inhibit the 4N1K peptide stimulation of alpha2beta1-dependent platelet spreading. Finally, a detergent-stable, physical association of IAP and alpha2beta1 integrin is detected by coimmunoprecipitation. These results imply a role for IAP and TS1 in the early activation of platelets upon adhesion to collagen.
Thyristor RAM (T-RAM): A high-speed high-density embedded memory technology for nano-scale CMOS (2007)

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on T-RAM Semiconductor's Thyristor RAM (T-RAM), a high speed high density embedded memory technology for nanoscale CMOS. Some of the specific topics discussed include: the special features, system specifications, and system design for these products; embedded applications; system scalability; and targeted markets.
1H-Tetrazole as Catalyst in Phosphomorpholidate Coupling Reactions:  Efficient Synthesis of GDP-Fucose, GDP-Mannose, and UDP-Galactose (1997)

An improved procedure is described for the efficient and high-yield (76-91%) synthesis of nucleoside diphosphate sugars from the readily available nucleoside 5'-monophosphomorpholidate and sugar 1-phosphate in the presence of 1H-tetrazole. Comparative kinetic investigations by means of (31)P NMR spectroscopy with different additives (1,2,4-triazole, acetic acid, N-hydroxysuccinimide, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine hydrochloride, perchloric acid) and mass spectrometric analysis suggest that tetrazole acts as an acid and as a nucleophilic catalyst in the pyrophosphate bond formation.
Top- k selection queries over relational databases (2002)

In many applications, users specify target values for certain attributes, without requiring exact matches to these values in return. Instead, the result to such queries is typically a rank of the "top k " tuples that best match the given attribute values. In this paper, we study the advantages and limitations of processing a top- k query by translating it into a single range query that a traditional relational database management system (RDBMS) can process efficiently. In particular, we study how to determine a range query to evaluate a top- k query by exploiting the statistics available to an RDBMS, and the impact of the quality of these statistics on the retrieval efficiency of the resulting scheme. We also report the first experimental evaluation of the mapping strategies over a real RDBMS, namely over Microsoft's SQL Server 7.0. The experiments show that our new techniques are robust and significantly more efficient than previously known strategies requiring at least one sequential scan of the data sets.
Very Low Affinity B Cells Form Germinal Centers, Become Memory B Cells, and Participate in Secondary Immune Responses When Higher Affinity Competition Is Reduced (2002)

To understand the relationship between the affinity of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and the immune response to antigen, two lines of immunoglobulin H chain transgenic (Tg) mice were created. H50Gmu(a) and T1(V23)mu(a) mice express mu H chain transgenes that associate with the lambda1 L chains to bind the (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl hapten with association constants (K(a)s) of only 1.2 x 10(5) M(-1) and 3 x 10(4) M(-1), respectively. Both lines mounted substantial antibody-forming cell (AFC) and germinal center (GC) responses. H50Gmu(a) Tg mice also generated memory B cells. T1(V23)mu(a) B cells formed AFC and GCs, but were largely replaced in late GCs by antigen-specific cells that express endogenous BCRs. Thus, B lymphocytes carrying BCRs with affinities previously thought to be irrelevant in specific immune responses are in fact capable of complete T cell-dependent immune responses when relieved of substantial competition from other B cells. The failure to observe such B cells normally in late primary responses and in memory B cell populations is the result of competition, rather than an intrinsic inability of low affinity B cells.