gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mouse monoclonal antibody to a melanoma-carcinoma-associated antigen synthesized by a human melanoma cell line propagated in serum-free medium. (1982)

A monoclonal antibody, F11, was produced against a tumor-associated antigen from the spent medium of the M14 human malignant melanoma cell line which was grown continuously in serum-free medium. Ouchterlony double-diffusion study revealed that the F11 monoclonal antibody is an immunoglobulin G1. The F11 monoclonal antibody reacted positively with seven of eight (88%) melanoma, five of five (100%) carcinoma, zero to five normal, and zero of two lymphoblastoid cell lines by indirect immunofluorescence test. Also, by indirect immunofluorescence test, F11 monoclonal antibody reacted with cryostat sections from four of five (80%) melanomas, six of seven (86%) carcinomas, zero of one benign nevus, and zero of two benign breast diseases. By the indirect avidin:biotin:peroxidase complex immunoperoxidase method, the F11 monoclonal antibody reacted positively with cryostat sections from five of five (100%) melanomas, five of five (100%) breast cancers, two of two (100%) colon cancers, zero of one benign nevus, and zero of one Hodgkin's disease spleen. Thus, the tumor-associated antigen that the F11 monoclonal antibody recognizes appears to be expressed by melanomas and carcinomas, hence the designation melanoma-carcinoma-associated antigen. Microscopic observations disclosed that the melanoma-carcinoma-associated antigen is present in the cytoplasm, on the membrane of melanoma and carcinoma cells, and in the lumen of glandular structures of breast and colon carcinomas. The molecular weight of the melanoma-carcinoma-associated antigen in spent medium from the M14 CEM cell line is 100,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of indirect immunoprecipitates obtained with the F11 monoclonal antibody.
4-Amino-2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine: a new metabolite of atrazine by a soil bacterium. (1980)

The degradation of herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1, 3, 5-triazine) by a soil bacterium is reported. The bacterium involved is a species of Nocardia, which utilizes the atrazine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. A new metabolite, 4-amino-2-chloro-1, 3, 5-triazine, of the degradation of atrazine in the presence of glucose has been identified. The results further substantiated that atrazine can be degraded by soil microorganisms and indicated that deamination can also occur, as well as dealkylation. 4-Amino-2-chloro-1, 3, 5-triazine did not show phytotoxic activity to oat (Avena sativa L.), demonstrating that deamination insures detoxification.
Mechanism and its regulation of tumor-induced angiogenesis (2003)

Tumor angiogenesis is the proliferation of a network of blood vessels that penetrates into cancerous growths, supplying nutrients and oxygen and removing waste products. The process of angiogenesis plays an important role in many physiological and pathological conditions. Solid tumors depend on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis in a hostile environment. In the prevascular phase, the tumor is rarely larger than 2 to 3 mm(3) and may contain a million or more cells. Up to this size, tumor cells can obtain the necessary oxygen and nutrient supplies required for growth and survival by simple passive diffusion. The properties of tumors to release and induce several angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors which play crucial roles in regulating endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, apoptosis or survival, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion through different intracellular signaling are thought to be the essential mechanisms during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Tumor angiogenesis actually starts with tumor cells releasing molecules that send signals to surrounding normal host tissue. This signaling activates certain genes in the host tissue that, in turn, make proteins to encourage growth of new blood vessels. In this review, we focus the mechanisms of tumor-induced angiogenesis, with an emphasis on the regulatory role of several angiogenic and anti-angiogenic agents during the angiogenic process in tumors. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis have led to the development of several most effective anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic therapeutic agents and also have provided several techniques for the regulation of cancer's angiogenic switch. The suggestion is made that standard cytotoxic chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors used in combination may produce complementary therapeutic benefits in the treatment of cancer.
Simple method for identification of plasmid-coded proteins (1979)

Proteins encoded by plasmid DNA are specifically labeled in UV-irradiated cells of Escherichia coli carrying recA and uvrA mutations because extensive degradation of the chromosome DNA occurs concurrently with amplification of plasmid DNA.
All-hex meshing using singularity-restricted field (2012)

Decomposing a volume into high-quality hexahedral cells is a challenging task in geometric modeling and computational geometry. Inspired by the use of cross field in quad meshing and the CubeCover approach in hex meshing, we present a complete all-hex meshing framework based on singularity-restricted field that is essential to induce a valid all-hex structure. Given a volume represented by a tetrahedral mesh, we first compute a boundary-aligned 3D frame field inside it, then convert the frame field to be singularity-restricted by our effective topological operations. In our all-hex meshing framework, we apply the CubeCover method to achieve the volume parametrization. For reducing degenerate elements appearing in the volume parametrization, we also propose novel tetrahedral split operations to preprocess singularity-restricted frame fields. Experimental results show that our algorithm generates high-quality all-hex meshes from a variety of 3D volumes robustly and efficiently.
Real-time integrated photoacoustic and ultrasound (PAUS) imaging system to guide interventional procedures: ex vivo study (2015)

Because of depth-dependent light attenuation, bulky, low-repetition-rate lasers are usually used in most photoacoustic (PA) systems to provide sufficient pulse energies to image at depth within the body. However, integrating these lasers with real-time clinical ultrasound (US) scanners has been problematic because of their size and cost. In this paper, an integrated PA/US (PAUS) imaging system is presented operating at frame rates >30 Hz. By employing a portable, low-cost, low-pulse-energy (~2 mJ/pulse), high-repetition-rate (~1 kHz), 1053-nm laser, and a rotating galvo-mirror system enabling rapid laser beam scanning over the imaging area, the approach is demonstrated for potential applications requiring a few centimeters of penetration. In particular, we demonstrate here real-time (30 Hz frame rate) imaging (by combining multiple single-shot sub-images covering the scan region) of an 18-gauge needle inserted into a piece of chicken breast with subsequent delivery of an absorptive agent at more than 1-cm depth to mimic PAUS guidance of an interventional procedure. A signal-to-noise ratio of more than 35 dB is obtained for the needle in an imaging area 2.8 × 2.8 cm (depth × lateral). Higher frame rate operation is envisioned with an optimized scanning scheme.
Dihydroethanoanthracene Derivatives as In Vitro Malarial Chloroquine Resistance Reversal Agents (2004)

The ability of four 9,10-dihydroethanoanthracene derivatives (BG920, BG932, BG958, and BG996), as well as verapamil and promethazine, to reverse chloroquine resistance was assessed against 24 chloroquine-resistant and 10 chloroquine-susceptible strains of Plasmodium falciparum from different countries. The 9,10-dihydroethanoanthracene derivatives clearly increase chloroquine susceptibility only in chloroquine-resistant isolates.
High-Dose Interferon Alfa-2b Significantly Prolongs Relapse-Free and Overall Survival Compared With the GM2-KLH/QS-21 Vaccine in Patients With Resected Stage IIB-III Melanoma: Results of Intergroup Trial E1694/S9512/C509801 (2001)

This trial demonstrated a significant treatment benefit of HDI versus GMK in terms of RFS and OS in melanoma patients at high risk of recurrence.
Designing Subtilisin BPN' To Cleave Substrates Containing Dibasic Residues (1995)

The bacterial serine protease, subtilisin BPN', has been mutated so that it will efficiently and selectively cleave substrates containing two consecutive basic (dibasic) residues. Mutants were designed on the basis of both the structure of subtilisin BPN' and considerations of sequence differences between it and eukaryotic homologs, Kex2, PC2, and furin, which are known to cleave dibasic substrates. These eukaryotic proteases have high sequence homology to one another but differ substantially from subtilisin BPN' in loops that interact with the substrate. When these loops were grafted into subtilisin BPN', the mutated enzyme could not be expressed, presumably due to destabilization of the folded enzyme. We noted that several neutral residues in subtilisin BPN' (Gly 166, Ser 33, and Asn 62) that are positioned to interact with a dibasic substrate are acidic residues at analogous positions in Kex2. Mutating these residues individually to either Glu or Asp in subtilisin BPN' resulted in systematic shifts in substrate specificity (kcat/Km) toward basic residues and away from the natural preference for hydrophobic substrates. A combination mutant, where Asn 62 was changed to Asp and Gly 166 was changed to Asp (N62D/G166D), had a larger than additive shift in specificity toward dibasic substrates. This unexpectedly large change was confirmed by detailed analysis with a variety of synthetic substrates. Additional substrate determinants were revealed by sorting a library of phage particles (substrate phage) containing five contiguous randomized residues. This method identified a particularly good substrate (Asn-Leu-Met-Arg-Lys) that was selectively cleaved in the context of a fusion protein by the N62D/G166D subtilisin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ca(2+)-independent cytosolic phospholipase A2 from macrophage-like P388D1 cells. Isolation and characterization. (1994)

A novel form of an ATP-regulated, oligomeric, Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) has been purified from the cytosol of the murine macrophage-like cell line P388D1. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential column chromatography on octyl-Sepharose, ATP-agarose, Mono Q fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), and hydroxyapatite FPLC. The resulting enzyme preparation was purified over 400,000-fold with a final specific activity of approximately 5 mumol/min/mg using a mixed micelle assay system of Triton X-100 and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (PC). The purified enzyme was Ca(2+)-independent and did not show a preference for either sn-2 arachidonic acid or sn-1 alkyl-ether containing phospholipids when utilizing mixed micelles as substrate. It was found to hydrolyze dipalmitoyl-PC approximately 4-fold faster than 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-PC and approximately 15-fold faster than 1-O-hexadecyl-2-arachidonyl-PC. Triton X-100 increased the P388D1 iPLA2 activity with optimal activity found at a Triton/phospholipid molar ratio of 4:1. The purified enzyme was activated 2-6-fold by ATP as well as other di- and triphosphate nucleosides. This activation was sensitive to the concentration of Triton X-100 present in the assay. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis carried out on the purified enzyme yielded a single major band at a molecular weight of about 80,000. However, radiation inactivation experiments, carried out on the cell homogenate, demonstrated a target size of 337 +/- 25 kDa, indicating that the catalytically active iPLA2 exists as a large oligomeric complex, either through self-aggregation or association of the enzyme with other proteins.
Principles of Metered-Dose Inhaler Design (2005)

The pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) was introduced to deliver asthma medications in a convenient and reliable multi-dose presentation. The key components of the pMDI device (propellants, formulation, metering valve, and actuator) all play roles in the formation of the spray, and in determining drug delivery to the lungs. Hence the opportunity exists to design a pMDI product by adjusting the formulation, metering-valve size, and actuator nozzle diameter in order to obtain the required spray characteristics and fine-particle dose. Breath-actuated pMDIs, breath-coordinated pMDIs, spray-velocity modifiers, and spacer devices may be useful for patients who cannot use a conventional press-and-breathe pMDI correctly. Modern pMDI devices, which contain non-ozone-depleting propellants, should allow inhalation therapy via pMDI to extend well into the 21st century for a variety of treatment indications.
Purification of a Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferase and a Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase to homogeneity from rat liver. (1982)

A Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferse and a Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase have been purified 23,000- and 860,000-fold to homogeneity from Triton CF-54 extracts of rat liver membranes. The two enzymes were concentrated by affinity chromatography on CDP-hexanolamine-agarose and resolved by NaCl gradient elution from the same adsorbent. Final purification of the Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialytransferase, the most abundant enzyme, was achieved by specific elution from CDP-agarose with CDP. The Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase was also purified further by CDP elution from CDP-agarose, but final purification required affinity chromatography on an adsorbent prepared by coupling asialoprothrombin to cyanogen bromide-activated agarose. Asialoprothrombin contains the terminal sequence Gal beta 1 to 3GlcNAc on N-linked oligosaccharides and is the best acceptor substrate of the enzyme (Km congruent to 6 microM). The Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase was found to bind to asialoprothrombin-agarose in the presence of CDP and could be eluted with a solution containing 0.2 M lactose and no CDP. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis of the Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 and Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferases revealed a single major protein band for each enzyme with apparent molecular weights of 40,500 and 44,000, respectively. Rabbit antibodies raised to the Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferase inhibit its enzymatic activity greater than 99% but caused little or no inhibition of Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialytransferase. Moreover, the Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferase quantitatively bound to a column containing antibody adsorbed to Protein A-agarose, while the Gal beta 1 to 3(4) GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase did not bind. This demonstrated that the two sialyltransferases are antigenically unrelated and formed the basis for removal of contaminating Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferase from solutions of the Gal beta 1 to 3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase. Enzymatic characterization of the two sialyltransferases suggests that their major biological roles are in the terminal glycosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. (Weinstein, J., de Souza-e-Silva, U., and Paulson J. C. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 13845-13853. The alpha 2 to 6 sialyltransferase efficiently forms the NeuAc alpha 2 to 6Gal beta 1 to 4GlcNAc sequence, and the alpha 2 to 3 sialyltransferase forms the NeuAc alpha 2 to 3Gal beta 1 to 3GlcNAc and NeuAc alpha 2 to 3Ga; beta 1 to 4GlcNAc sequences.
Reaction of sodium bisulfite with uracil, cytosine, and their derivatives (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of sodium bisulfite with uracil, cytosine, and their derivativesHikoya Hayatsu, Yusuke Wataya, Kazushige Kai, and Shigeru IidaCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 14, 2858–2865Publication Date (Print):July 7, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 7 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00816a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00816a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1958Altmetric-Citations260LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Broadcast news transcription using HTK (2002)

This paper examines the issues in extending a large vocabulary speech recognition system designed for clean and noisy read speech tasks to handle broadcast news transcription. Results using the 1995 DARPA H4 evaluation data set are presented for different front-end analyses and use of unsupervised model adaptation using maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR). The HTK system for the 1996 H4 evaluation is then described. It includes a number of new features over previous HTK large vocabulary systems including decoder-guided segmentation, segment clustering, cache-based language modelling, and combined MAP and MLLR adaptation. The system runs in multiple passes through the data and the detailed results of each pass are given.
Newton's telecom dictionary (2006)

The technology of long-distance voice and data communication incorporates millions of details. The business of selling that technology involves plenty more. Anyone hoping to navigate this jungle of facts and terminology had better keep a copy of Newton's Telecom Dictionary close at hand. It's the single best resource for quick explanations of diverse telecommunications technologies. While engaging in its loopiness, this book backs up its famous joviality with technical expertise that's unsurpassed by any other similarly comprehensive resource. Entries in this dictionary--many of them more closely resembling encyclopedia articles in their thoroughness--cover the hardware, protocols, and government regulations that define telecommunications systems worldwide. Whether you're interested in landline technologies, wireless standards, medium-neutral data protocols, or the systems that have developed to properly bill telecommunications users, Newton's Telecom Dictionary has the information you need. Once in a while, you'll find a careless error in these pages, such as the claim that Windows for Workgroups 3.11 is about to be made obsolete by Windows 95. These errors seem to reflect a bias among the members of Newton's team toward large-scale communications systems and away from consumer-oriented computer technology. Nonetheless, Newton's Telecom Dictionary earns its keep in a world where personal computers and communications appliances seem to be merging. --David Wall
Synthesis of mono- and bis(silyl) complexes of tantalum (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of mono- and bis(silyl) complexes of tantalumQian Jiang, Patrick J. Carroll, and Donald H. BerryCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 10, 3648–3655Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/om00056a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Inhaled hypertonic saline increases sputum expectoration in cystic fibrosis (1996)

These data show that the inhalation of 6% HS prior to physiotherapy can increase sputum expectoration in patients with CF and suggest that HS might be an effective, safe and cheap adjunct to regular physiotherapy in patients with CF.
Research on Top and Bottom Mixed Blowing CO2 in Converter Steelmaking Process (2011)

Abstract Based on the analysis of reaction mechanism between CO 2 and molten pool elements at the steelmaking temperature, and on the calculation of materials and heat balance during converter steelmaking process with blowing CO 2 , a new technology which uses CO 2 ‐O 2 as top gas and CO 2 as bottom gas in a converter was proposed and experimented in a 30 t converter. It is found that the new technology is feasible absolutely, the amounts of smoke dust and T‐Fe are reduced by 11.15% and 12.98% on average, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus are decreased by 50% and 23.33% respectively, iron loss of slag is lowered by 3.10% and oxygen consumption is reduced remarkably. This research will provide a new blowing method for BOF steelmaking process, which can save steelmaking energy consumption and reduce smelting cost.
Binding of Hepatitis C Virus-Like Particles Derived from Infectious Clone H77C to Defined Human Cell Lines (2002)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis in the world. The study of viral entry and infection has been hampered by the inability to efficiently propagate the virus in cultured cells and the lack of a small-animal model. Recent studies have shown that in insect cells, the HCV structural proteins assemble into HCV-like particles (HCV-LPs) with morphological, biophysical, and antigenic properties similar to those of putative virions isolated from HCV-infected humans. In this study, we used HCV-LPs derived from infectious clone H77C as a tool to examine virus-cell interactions. The binding of partially purified particles to human cell lines was analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting with defined monoclonal antibodies to envelope glycoprotein E2. HCV-LPs demonstrated dose-dependent and saturable binding to defined human lymphoma and hepatoma cell lines but not to mouse cell lines. Binding could be inhibited by monoclonal anti-E2 antibodies, indicating that the HCV-LP-cell interaction was mediated by envelope glycoprotein E2. Binding appeared to be CD81 independent and did not correlate with low-density lipoprotein receptor expression. Heat denaturation of HCV-LPs drastically reduced binding, indicating that the interaction of HCV-LPs with target cells was dependent on the proper conformation of the particles. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that insect cell-derived HCV-LPs bind specifically to defined human cell lines. Since the envelope proteins of HCV-LPs are presumably presented in a virion-like conformation, the binding of HCV-LPs to target cells may allow the study of virus-host cell interactions, including the isolation of HCV receptor candidates and antibody-mediated neutralization of binding.