gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expansion of bacteriocin activity and host range upon complementation of two peptides encoded within the lactacin F operon (1994)

Lactacin F is a membrane-active bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus johnsonii VPI11088 (Laf+). The genetic determinants encoding lactacin F are organized in a 1-kb polycistronic operon composed of a promoter (P(laf)), three genes (lafA, lafX, and ORFZ), and a functional rho-independent transcription terminator. Two Laf- derivatives of VPI11088, designated NCK64 and NCK65, were characterized. NCK64 contained a frameshift mutation in the lafA gene causing premature termination of translation. NCK65 harbored a 10-kb chromosomal deletion covering the laf operon. When the lafA gene was cloned independently and expressed in NCK65, bacteriocin activity was limited to L. helveticus 87, only one of the six known lactacin F-sensitive (Lafs) indicators. When lafX was introduced into NCK65, no bacteriocin activity against any of the sensitive strains was detected. Genetic combination of lafA and lafX, in cis or in trans, restored bacteriocin activity against all Lafs indicators. When two NCK65 clones containing either lafA or lafX were plated slightly apart on agar plates, fully active lactacin F was present in the intervening area where the two excreted gene products, LafA and LafX, diffused together. The genetic analysis revealed that the interaction of two bacteriocinogenic peptides encoded within the laf operon is likely to participate in the formation of poration complexes in the membranes of susceptible bacteria.
Performance degradation of multiwavelength optical networks due to laser and (de)multiplexer misalignments (1995)

In this letter, we use computer simulation techniques to evaluate the performance degradation for a multiwavelength optical network with a cascade of 30 randomly misaligned (de)multiplexers. Two types of (de)multiplexers are used in the simulation and modeled as third-order and first-order Butterworth filters, both with a full width half maximum (FWHM) of 125 GHz. For WDM systems at 10 Gb/s per optical channel with 30 uniformly misaligned filters, laser misalignment tolerances (at 0.3 dB distortion-induced-eye-closure penalty) vary from /spl plusmn/30 GHz (/spl plusmn/0.24 nm) for systems using third-order Butterworth filters to /spl plusmn/20 GHz (/spl plusmn/16 mm) for systems using first-order filters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Chemokine nitration prevents intratumoral infiltration of antigen-specific T cells (2011)

Tumor-promoted constraints negatively affect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) trafficking to the tumor core and, as a result, inhibit tumor killing. The production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within the tumor microenvironment has been reported in mouse and human cancers. We describe a novel RNS-dependent posttranslational modification of chemokines that has a profound impact on leukocyte recruitment to mouse and human tumors. Intratumoral RNS production induces CCL2 chemokine nitration and hinders T cell infiltration, resulting in the trapping of tumor-specific T cells in the stroma that surrounds cancer cells. Preconditioning of the tumor microenvironment with novel drugs that inhibit CCL2 modification facilitates CTL invasion of the tumor, suggesting that these drugs may be effective in cancer immunotherapy. Our results unveil an unexpected mechanism of tumor evasion and introduce new avenues for cancer immunotherapy.
The Cross‐Section of Realized Stock Returns: The Pre‐COMPUSTAT Evidence (1994)

ABSTRACT Using a database that is free of survivorship bias, this article finds that book‐to‐market equity, earnings yield, and cash flow yield have significant explanatory power with respect to the cross‐section of realized stock returns during the period from July 1940 through June 1963. There is a strong January seasonal in the explanatory power of these variables, even though small stocks are, by construction, excluded from the sample.
Analytic-domain lens design with proximate ray tracing (2010)

We have developed an alternative approach to optical design which operates in the analytical domain so that an optical designer works directly with rays as analytical functions of system parameters rather than as discretely sampled polylines. This is made possible by a generalization of the proximate ray tracing technique which obtains the analytical dependence of the rays at the image surface (and ray path lengths at the exit pupil) on each system parameter. The resulting method provides an alternative direction from which to approach system optimization and supplies information which is not typically available to the system designer. In addition, we have further expanded the procedure to allow asymmetric systems and arbitrary order of approximation, and have illustrated the performance of the method through three lens design examples.
Biologic Activity of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Man1 (1972)

The biologic activity of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) has been studied in 5 hypogonadal males, ages 15–35, and a 3-month-old female with 21 trisomy syndrome. DHAS, 100 mg daily, was administered orally for 27–48 days to the male subjects and 25 mg daily to the infant. Sebum production, measured before and on the final days of DHAS, was used as a measure of androgenic activity. It was low initially and increased significantly during therapy in all but one of the male subjects. Sebum production also increased in the female infant. Serial vaginal smears showed maturation of the vaginal epithelium typical of estrogen effect. Regression to an atrophic state occurred after cessation of therapy. Neither nitrogen retention nor an increase in urinary hydroxyproline excretion was documented in 2 patients maintained on metabolic balance. Plasma concentrations of DHAS and testosterone (T) were low in all hypogonadal males; unconjugated DHA was low in 2 patients. During therapy, DHA and T remained unchanged while DHAS increased 2- to 5-fold in 3 of the 5 patients. This study demonstrates that administration of DHAS may produce androgenic as well as estrogenic effects and is the first evidence for the steroid's biologic potential in man.
An Analysis of a Real-Time Transform Domain Filtering Digital Communication System--Part I: Narrow-Band Interference Rejection (1980)

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the performance of systems recently proposed by various authors in which the received signal is Fourier transformed in real time (usually with a surface acoustic wave device) and then filtered by a multiplication of the transformed signal by an appropriate transfer function. We shall refer to this operation as transform domain filtering. General expressions for the output waveforms of the system will be derived, and a specific example illustrating the performance of the system when operating in the presence of a narrow-band interferer plus additive white Gaussian noise will be presented. It will be shown that certain filtering techniques not feasible in conventional systems, such as filtering with ideal bandpass filters, become straightforward using transform domain filtering. Finally, a receiver will be described which will eliminate that intersymbol interference between adjacent data symbols due to filtering at the receiver.
Transcriptional and Functional Analysis of Oxalyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) Decarboxylase and Formyl-CoA Transferase Genes from Lactobacillus acidophilus (2006)

Oxalic acid is found in dietary sources (such as coffee, tea, and chocolate) or is produced by the intestinal microflora from metabolic precursors, like ascorbic acid. In the human intestine, oxalate may combine with calcium, sodium, magnesium, or potassium to form less soluble salts, which can cause pathological disorders such as hyperoxaluria, urolithiasis, and renal failure in humans. In this study, an operon containing genes homologous to a formyl coenzyme A transferase gene (frc) and an oxalyl coenzyme A decarboxylase gene (oxc) was identified in the genome of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus. Physiological analysis of a mutant harboring a deleted version of the frc gene confirmed that frc expression specifically improves survival in the presence of oxalic acid at pH 3.5 compared with the survival of the wild-type strain. Moreover, the frc mutant was unable to degrade oxalate. These genes, which have not previously been described in lactobacilli, appear to be responsible for oxalate degradation in this organism. Transcriptional analysis using cDNA microarrays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR revealed that mildly acidic conditions were a prerequisite for frc and oxc transcription. As a consequence, oxalate-dependent induction of these genes occurred only in cells first adapted to subinhibitory concentrations of oxalate and then exposed to pH 5.5. Where genome information was available, other lactic acid bacteria were screened for frc and oxc genes. With the exception of Lactobacillus gasseri and Bifidobacterium lactis, none of the other strains harbored genes for oxalate utilization.
Analizador de componentes independientes. Aplicación a la separación de señales (2003)

Se expone el diseno de un instrumento que implementa el algoritmo de analisis de componentes independientes empleando cumulantes para la separacion ciega de fuentes. Una vez se han capturado los datos del exterior en un interfaz primario, son preprocesados y tratados con algoritmos de separacion; todo ello integrado en un mismo instrumento.
Intramolecular site selectivity in cation radical Diels-Alder cycloadditions of difunctional and trifunctional dienophiles (2000)

The cation radical Diels–Alder reactions of several difunctional and trifunctional dienophiles with 1,3-cyclopentadiene, catalyzed by tris(4-bromophenyl)aminium hexachloroantimonate, were determined. When both of the reactive sites are of the 4-methoxystyrene type, reaction occurs smoothly at both styrene moieties to give the bis-adducts. However, when one reactive moiety is of the styrene type and one is of the enol ether type, reaction occurs exclusively at the styrene moiety to give a mono-adduct, even in the presence of a large excess of cyclopentadiene. When three potentially reactive moieties are included, two of them being of the styrene type and one of the 1,2-diaryloxyethene type, the reaction is again specific for the styrene moieties, giving only the bis-adduct. The high site selectivity observed in these reactions is especially noteworthy in view of the observation that monofunctional molecules containing all three of these moieties are found to be reactive toward Diels–Alder adduct formation under the same reaction conditions and that these adducts are relatively stable under the reaction conditions. Copyright ­© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glufosinate Tank-Mix Combinations in Glufosinate-Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa)1 (2002)

At 14 d after treatment (DAT), glufosinate at 0.42 kg ai/ha controlled barnyardgrass and broadleaf signalgrass 85 and 86%, respectively. Antagonism occurred for barnyardgrass control with all mixtures of glufosinate at 0.42 kg/ha. At 14 DAT, no herbicide was superior to glufosinate at either rate when applied in mixture for the control of broadleaf signalgrass. Rice flatsedge control 7 DAT was 68 and 82% with glufosinate at 0.42 and 0.84 kg/ha alone, respectively. The addition of propanil and triclopyr enhanced rice flatsedge control over that with glufosinate alone at 0.42 or 0.84 kg/ha. At 7 DAT, all herbicide mixtures increased spreading dayflower control compared with a single treatment of glufosinate at 0.42 kg/ha. By 28 DAT, spreading dayflower control was less than 80% with all treatments. Rice injury was less than 15% with all treatments.Nomenclature: Glufosinate; propanil; triclopyr; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. #3 ECHCG; broadleaf signalgrass, Bracharia platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash # BRAPP; rice flatsedge, Cyperus iria L. # CYPCP; spreading dayflower, Commelina diffusa Burm. f. # COMDI; rice, Oryza sativa L. ‘BNGL HC-11’, ‘BNGL-62’.Additional index words: Antagonism, synergism, tank mix.Abbreviations: DAT, days after treatment; POST, postemergence.
Chiral synthesis via organoboranes. 35. Simple procedures for the efficient recycling of the terpenyl chiral auxiliaries and convenient isolation of the homoallylic alcohols in asymmetric allyl- and crotylboration of aldehydes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral synthesis via organoboranes. 35. Simple procedures for the efficient recycling of the terpenyl chiral auxiliaries and convenient isolation of the homoallylic alcohols in asymmetric allyl- and crotylboration of aldehydesHerbert C. Brown, Uday S. Racherla, Y. Liao, and Vijay V. KhannaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 24, 6608–6614Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00050a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00050a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views678Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Double-stage phase-diversity optical receiver: analysis and experimental confirmation of the principle (1990)

The double-stage phase-diversity (DSPD) scheme features phase-diversity-type optical homodyne detection and phase-diversity-type frequency up-conversion, producing a heterodynelike second intermediate frequency (IF) signal. It has the advantages of both heterodyning and homodyning and is applicable not only to optical, but also to all the electrical and radio communications ranging from VLF to millimeter-wave frequencies. The theoretical analysis of the receiver performance and the experimental confirmation of the principle of the DSPD scheme are described.
Low Back Pain in Paget's Disease of Bone (1987)

Clinical and laboratory evaluation with bone scan, radiography, and computed tomography were performed on 25 patients with severe Paget's disease of bone and low back pain. Back pain was classified as caused by Paget's disease in only three patients. The remaining 22 patients had coexistent Paget's disease and osteoarthritis. There was difficulty separating the cause of back pain in those patients with coexistent Paget's disease and osteoarthritis, even when the diseases were present at different levels of the spine. The pathogenesis of Paget's disease appears to precipitate osteoarthritis and several low back syndromes. Suppressive therapy with disodium etidronate (EHDP) for Paget's disease was of benefit in eight of 22 patients (36%) with identifiable osteoarthritis. It is suggested that EHDP and perhaps other suppressive agents for Paget's disease receive limited use in patients with back pain unless a defined pagetic lesion appears related to the clinical syndrome in the absence of identifiable osteoarthritis.
Release of Sequestered Malaria Parasites upon Injection of a Glycosaminoglycan (2006)

Severe human malaria is attributable to an excessive sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected and uninfected erythrocytes in vital organs. Strains of P. falciparum that form rosettes and employ heparan sulfate as a host receptor are associated with development of severe forms of malaria. Heparin, which is similar to heparan sulfate in that it is composed of the same building blocks, was previously used in the treatment of severe malaria, but it was discontinued due to the occurrence of serious side effects such as intracranial bleedings. Here we report to have depolymerized heparin by periodate treatment to generate novel glycans (dGAG) that lack anticoagulant-activity. The dGAGs disrupt rosettes, inhibit merozoite invasion of erythrocytes and endothelial binding of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes in vitro, and reduce sequestration in in vivo models of severe malaria. An intravenous injection of dGAGs blocks up to 80% of infected erythrocytes from binding in the micro-vasculature of the rat and releases already sequestered parasites into circulation. P. falciparum-infected human erythrocytes that sequester in the non-human primate Macaca fascicularis were similarly found to be released in to the circulation upon a single injection of 500 mug of dGAG. We suggest dGAGs to be promising candidates for adjunct therapy in severe malaria.
Systemic and Local Interferon gamma Gene Delivery to the Lungs for Treatment of Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Mice (1999)

Allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, an animal model of asthma in humans, may respond to immunotherapy with Th1 cytokines. For example, local administration of recombinant IL-12 or IFN-gamma, or intratracheal delivery of the genes for these cytokines, has been shown to reduce the severity of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in rodent models. We reasoned that systemic cytokine gene delivery to the lungs by intravenous injection of lipid-DNA complexes might also be an effective approach to treatment of allergen-induced AHR. Therefore, the effects of either systemic or local pulmonary IFN-gamma gene delivery were evaluated in mice with allergen-induced AHR. The effects of treatment on AHR, airway eosinophilia and cytokine production, and serum IgE concentrations were evaluated in mice that were first sensitized to ovalbumin and then subjected to aerosol ovalbumin challenge. Intravenous IFN-gamma gene delivery significantly inhibited development of AHR and airway eosinophilia and decreased serum IgE levels, compared with control mice or mice treated with noncoding DNA. Intratracheal IFN-gamma gene delivery also significantly inhibited AHR and airway eosinophilia, but did not affect serum IgE levels. Treatment with recombinant IFN-gamma was much less effective than IFN-gamma gene delivery by either route. We conclude that either systemic or local pulmonary delivery of a Th1 cytokine gene such as IFN-gamma may be an effective approach for treatment of allergen-induced asthma.
Aryl Boronic Acids. II. Aryl Boronic Anhydrides and their Amine Complexes1 (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAryl Boronic Acids. II. Aryl Boronic Anhydrides and their Amine Complexes1H. R. Snyder, Milton S. Konecky, and W. J. LennarzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 14, 3611–3615Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01547a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01547a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1528Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The effects of electron beam irradiation on additives present in food-contact polymers. (1991)

A range of additives (Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076, Irganox 1330, Irgafos 168 and Tinuvin 622) has been incorporated into a variety of food-contact polymers including polypropylene and low density polyethylene. Samples of these stabilized polymers were subjected to electron-beam or gamma irradiation to receive doses of 1,5,10,25 and 50 kGy. The effects of electron-beam irradiation on the amount of extractable antioxidant in polymers were determined. Using hplc techniques it was found that there was a dose-related reduction in the amount of extractable antioxidant similar to that caused by gamma irradiation. The magnitude of this reduction was found to be dependent upon the nature of both the antioxidant and the polymer type. Electron-beam irradiation was also found to cause a dose-related reduction in the levels of the antioxidants Irganox 1010 and Irganox 1076 migrating from polymers into a food simulant. This effect was similar to that caused by gamma irradiation. The extent of polymer binding of antioxidant fragments derived from Irganox 1076 following electron-beam irradiation was determined, using a radiochemical method. The amount of binding was found to be dose-related and of a similar order of magnitude to that caused by gamma-irradiation. This study has revealed the presence of many irradiation derived antioxidant transformation products in extracts from irradiated polymers. Attempts have been made to isolate and identify these compounds, and a number of possible structures are proposed following lc-ms studies. In some cases, the irradiation-derived transformation products appear to be different to those produced on thermally aging stabilized polymers. Irradiation was also found to give transformation products farmed via the cleavage of tertiary butyl groups from the parent molecules, and such compounds are not produced during the thermal aging of similar stabilized polymers, nor in model reactions between the antioxidants and t-butylperoxyl radicals. A brief examination of the effects of gamma irradiation on Tinuvin 622 in polypropylene was also carried out, and a number of UV absorbing transformation products were detected.
Layered Tabu Search Algorithm for Large-MIMO Detection and a Lower Bound on ML Performance (2011)

In this letter, we are concerned with low-complexity detection in large multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with tens of transmit/receive antennas. Our new contributions in this letter are two-fold. First, we propose a low-complexity algorithm for large-MIMO detection based on a layered low-complexity local neighborhood search. Second, we obtain a lower bound on the maximum-likelihood (ML) bit error performance using the local neighborhood search. The advantages of the proposed ML lower bound are i) it is easily obtained for MIMO systems with large number of antennas because of the inherent low complexity of the search algorithm, ii) it is tight at moderate-to-high SNRs, and iii) it can be tightened at low SNRs by increasing the number of symbols in the neighborhood definition. The proposed detection algorithm based on the layered local neighborhood search achieves bit error performances which are quite close to this lower bound for large number of antennas and higher-order QAM.