gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cost-effective investigation of patients with suspected transient ischaemic attacks. (1992)

<h3>Background</h3> Cognitive decline is of increasing concern in aging societies worldwide and could highlight a key time window for prevention of developing dementia. Evidence on food consumption in relation to cognitive decline remains unclear. <h3>Methods</h3> Consumption frequencies of common foods including vegetables, fruits, total fish (oily fish and non-oily fish), and total meat (processed meat, unprocessed red meat, and unprocessed poultry), were assessed via a 47-item food frequency questionnaire in 502,493 UK Biobank participants (mean age: 56.5 years, SD: 8.1; female: 54%) at recruitment in 2006–2010. Prevalent dementia cases (n=564) at baseline were excluded from analyses. Cognitive decline from baseline to follow-up 6–8 years later was characterised in five separate cognitive functions: visual memory (n=51,295), numeric memory (n=3131), fluid intelligence (n=16,122), reaction ability (n=52,929), and prospective memory (n=16,400). The cognitive change was estimated using a standardized multiple regression-based approach. Associations between food consumption at baseline and cognitive changes were fitted in logistic regression adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, education, socioeconomic status, living region, smoking status, alcohol status, physical activity level, body mass index, sleep duration, stroke history, and family history of dementia; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. <h3>Results</h3> In this population-based cohort study, high fruit consumption was associated with increased odds of deteriorating visual memory (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.06; <i>P</i> =0.002), whereas high vegetable consumption was linked to increased odds of deteriorating prospective memory (OR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.21; <i>P</i> &lt;0.001). Consumption of oily fish was associated with deteriorating visual memory in the total sample (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.12; <i>P</i> &lt;0.001), but this was observed in women only (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.12; <i>P</i> &lt;0.001). Consumption of total fish was associated with a decline in visual memory in the total sample (OR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.08; <i>P</i> &lt;0.001) and in men (OR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09; <i>P</i> =0.003), and a decline in reaction ability only in women (OR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.09; <i>P</i> =0.007). Meat consumption of any type was not related to cognitive decline in all five cognitive functions. <h3>Conclusion</h3> High consumption of vegetable, fruit and fish may be associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. One possible explanation is high consumption of fruits and vegetables may be associated with lower protein intakes. Animal protein has been associated with better cognitive performance. These findings need to be interpreted with caution and confirmed in other studies.
Anti GPVI human antibodies neutralizing collagen-induced platelet aggregation isolated from a combinatorial phage display library (2002)

Glycoprotein VI is a type I membrane protein identified as a key platelet receptor for collagen. In vitro binding of the GPVI receptor with collagen leads to activation and ultimately to aggregation of platelets. In vivo, GPVI-collagen interactions could cause formation of occlusive thrombi within vessels with damaged endothelial barriers. GPVI antagonists are therefore important therapeutics in patients suffering from collagen-mediated ischemic disorders such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Polyclonal antibodies to GPVI prepared from one patient serum have previously been described. However, only their monovalent Fab fragments, incapable of receptor crosslinking, were found to protect platelets from collagen-mediated aggregation. Here we describe GPVI-neutralizing human antibodies derived from a combinatorial phage display library of single-chain antibodies. By selecting phage on GPVI-expressing U937 cells, we isolated five specific antibodies - A4, A9, A10, C3 and C9. Of the set A10 and C3 specifically blocked GPVI binding to collagen-rich adventitial layers in aorta sections. The higher affinity antibody A10 inhibited binding of snake-venom convulxin to GPVI. It also specifically protected human platelets from collagen-induced aggregation in vitro. A10-bound platelets could still be activated by ADP or thrombin suggesting that this human scFv may represent an original anti-platelet agent for the treatment of collagen-mediated thrombotic diseases.
Anticancer Activities of Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Coordination Complexes (2015)

Ruthenium compounds are highly regarded as potential drug candidates. The compounds offer the potential of reduced toxicity and can be tolerated in vivo . The various oxidation states, different mechanism of action, and the ligand substitution kinetics of ruthenium compounds give them advantages over platinum-based complexes, thereby making them suitable for use in biological applications. Several studies have focused attention on the interaction between active ruthenium complexes and their possible biological targets. In this paper, we review several ruthenium compounds which reportedly possess promising cytotoxic profiles: from the discovery of highly active compounds imidazolium [ trans -tetrachloro(dmso)(imidazole)ruthenate(III)] (NAMI-A), indazolium [ trans -tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)](KP1019), and sodium trans -[tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (NKP-1339) to the recent work based on both inorganic and organometallic ruthenium(II) compounds. Half-sandwich organometallic ruthenium complexes offer the opportunity of derivatization at the arene moiety, while the three remaining coordination sites on the metal centre can be functionalised with various coordination groups of various monoligands. It is clear from the review that these mononuclear ruthenium(II) compounds represent a strongly emerging field of research that will soon culminate into several ruthenium based antitumor agents.
Une nouvelle espèce de Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) de Nouvelle-Calédonie (1995)

Description d'un nouveau Pittosporum de Nouvelle-Caledonie caracterise par la cauliflorie, la contraction des inflorescences, la gamophyllie du tube de la corolle et la faible rugosite des capsules.
Non-neutrality and setting of standards in degree of change and motion events (2017)

A variety of aspects have been the target of discussion in linguistic literature. Degree achievement verbs are 'murky' in that they cannot be classified as an appropriate type from the perspective of telicity. Japanese DAs are derived from adjectives with a derivational morpheme, receiving only a telic interpretation. Since their telicy can be uniformly determined, it is expected that they require a different analysis from English degree achievement verbs. On scrutiny, however, Japanese degree achievement verbs show several phenomena that can be captured by hypothesizing the ontology of degree that is applied to the analysis of degree achievement verbs in English. The goal of this paper is, then, to show that a comprehensive analysis of Japanese degree achievement verbs can be provided based on a scalar semantics by hypothesizing standard's setting.
Performance of multicarrier DS CDMA systems in the presence of correlated fading (2002)

We evaluate the system performance of a multicarrier DS CDMA system proposed by Kondo and Milstein (see IEEE Trans. on Commun., vol.44, no.2, p.238-46, 1996) when there is correlation in the fading of the various subcarriers. We consider the average probability of error of the system when both multiple access interference and partial-band interference are present, and compare the results with that of a single carrier RAKE system.
Impaired monocyte migration and reduced type 1 (Th1) cytokine responses in C-C chemokine receptor 2 knockout mice. (1997)

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent agonist for mononuclear leukocytes and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and granulomatous lung disease. To determine the role of MCP-1 and related family members in vivo, we used homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells to generate mice with a targeted disruption of C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), the receptor for MCP-1. CCR2-/- mice were born at the expected Mendelian ratios and developed normally. In response to thioglycollate, the recruitment of peritoneal macrophages decreased selectively. In in vitro chemotaxis assays, CCR2-/- leukocytes failed to migrate in response to MCP-1. Granulomatous lung disease was induced in presensitized mice by embolization with beads coupled to purified protein derivative (PPD) of Mycobacterium bovis. As compared with wild-type littermates, CCR2-/- mice had a decrease in granuloma size accompanied by a dramatic decrease in the level of interferon gamma in the draining lymph nodes. Production of interferon gamma was also decreased in PPD-sensitized splenocytes from CCR2-/- mice and in naive splenocytes activated by concanavalin A. We conclude that CCR2-/- mice have significant defects in both delayed-type hypersensitivity responses and production of Th1-type cytokines. These data suggest an important and unexpected role for CCR2 activation in modulating the immune response, as well as in recruiting monocytes/macrophages to sites of inflammation.
Sequence-specific DNA damage induced by reduced mitomycin C and 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)mitomycin C (1984)

Mitomycin C reduced with sodium borohydride induced the DNA damage at deoxyguanosines preferentially in dinucleotide sequence G-T. The DNA damage produced strand breaks when subsequently heated. The DNA damage scarcely occurred when the end-labeled DNA was preincubated with ethidium bromide or actinomycin D before the addition of mitomycin C and the reducing agent. Fully reduced mitomycin C did not induce the DNA damage. The mitomycin C-inducing DNA damage seems to require the intercalation of the partially reduced mitomycin C of short life time, probably semiquinone radical, between DNA base pairs. The inhibitory effects of sodium chloride and radical scavengers suggested that the requirement of the covalent bond formation of mitomycin C to DNA and the involvement of oxygen radicals in the DNA damage. 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)mitomycin C, which is reported to show a higher antitumor activity and a lower toxicity than mitomycin C, was readily reduced with dithiothreitol and induced the sequence-specific DNA damage, whereas mitomycin C was not.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Synthesis of Sulfonamides Incorporating 2, 4, 6–Trisubstituted-Pyridinium-Ethylcarboxamido Moieties Possessing Membrane-Impermeability and in Vivo Selectivity for the Membrane-Bound (CA IV) Versus the Cytosolic (CA I and CA II) Isozymes (2000)

A new approach is proposed for the selective in vivo inhibition of membrane-bound versus cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes with a class of positively-charged, membrane-impermeant sulfonamides. Aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides acting as strong (but unselective) inhibitors of this zinc enzyme were derivatized by the attachment of trisubstituted-pyridinium-ethylcarboxy moieties (obtained from 2,4,6-trisubstituted-pyrylium salts and beta-alanine) to the amino, imino, hydrazino or hydroxyl groups present in their molecules. Efficient in vitro inhibition (in the nanomolar range) was observed with some of the new derivatives against three investigated CA isozymes, i.e., hCA I, hCA II (cytosolic forms) and bCA IV (membrane-bound isozyme; h = human; b = bovine isozyme). Due to their salt-like character, the new type of inhibitors reported here, unlike the classical, clinically used compounds (such as acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide), are unable to penetrate biological membranes, as shown by ex vivo and in vivo perfusion experiments in rats. The level of bicarbonate excreted into the urine of the experimental animals perfused with solutions of the new and classical inhibitors suggest that: (i) when using the new type of positively-charged sulfonamides, only the membrane-bound enzyme (CA IV) was inhibited, whereas the cytosolic isozymes (CA I and II) were not affected, (ii) in the experiments in which the classical compounds (acetazolamide, benzolamide, etc.) were used, unselective inhibition of all CA isozymes (I, II and IV) occurred.
Differential effects of the anti-inflammatory compounds heparin, mannose-6-phosphate, and castanospermine on degradation of the vascular basement membrane by leukocytes, endothelial cells, and platelets (1995)

Recent studies suggest that heparin, mannose-6-phosphate (M6P), and castanospermine (CS) may mediate their anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the passage of leukocytes through the subendothelial basement membrane (BM). In order to test this hypothesis, heparin, M6P, and CS were examined for their ability to prevent the in vitro degradation of a 35SO4-labeled extracellular matrix (ECM) by neutrophils, lymphocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and platelets, the labeled ECM degradation products being analyzed by gel filtration chromatography. All three compounds inhibited 35SO4-labeled ECM degradation, but M6P and CS were cell-type specific in their effects. Heparin inhibited the heparanase activity of all cell types examined, confirming the results of previous studies using similar in vitro techniques. M6P selectively inhibited lymphocyte heparanase but not that of platelets, neutrophils, or ECs. CS selectively inhibited phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced EC heparanase and sulfatase activity but did not affect the constitutive expression of degradative enzymes by non-stimulated ECs. These findings provide important clues to the mode of action of these compounds and the characteristic inflammatory pathology associated with the use of each anti-inflammatory agent. In particular, the data support the view that leukocytes markedly differ in the mechanisms they use to degrade BM/ECM to enable extravasation and that some degree of cooperation with EC is required in this process.
A HARPSS polysilicon vibrating ring gyroscope (2001)

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of an 80-/spl mu/m-thick, 1.1 mm in diameter high aspect-ratio (20:1) polysilicon ring gyroscope (PRG). The vibrating ring gyroscope was fabricated through the high aspect-ratio combined poly and single-crystal silicon MEMS technology (HARPSS). This all-silicon single-wafer technology is capable of producing electrically isolated vertical electrodes as tall as the main body structure (50 to 100's (/spl mu/m tall)) with various size air-gaps ranging from submicron to tens of microns. A detailed analysis has been performed to determine the overall sensitivity of the vibrating ring gyroscope and identify its scaling limits. An open-loop sensitivity of 200 /spl mu/V/deg/s in a dynamic range of /spl plusmn/250 deg/s was measured under low vacuum level for a prototype device tested in hybrid format. The resolution for a PRG with a quality factor (Q) of 1200, drive amplitude of 0.15 /spl mu/m, and sense node parasitic capacitances of 2 pF was measured to be less than 1 deg/s in 1 Hz bandwidth, limited by the noise from the circuitry. Elimination of the parasitic capacitances and improvement in the quality factor of the ring structure are expected to reduce the resolution to 0.01 deg/s/(Hz)/sup 0.5/.
Cryo‐electron microscopy of cell division in Staphylococcus aureus reveals a mid‐zone between nascent cross walls (2007)

Cryo-electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated thin sections permits the observation of the real distribution of mass in biological specimens allowing the native structure of bacteria to be seen, including the natural orientation of their surface layers. Here, we use this approach to study the fine ultrastructure of the division site, or septum, of Staphylococcus aureus D(2)C. Frozen-hydrated sections revealed a differentiated cell wall at the septum, showing two high-density regions sandwiched between three low-density zones. The two zones adjacent to the membrane appeared as an extension of the periplasmic space seen in this organism's cell envelope and showed no distinguishing structures within them. Immediately next to these were higher-density zones that corresponded to nascent cross walls of the septum. Unexpectedly, a rather broad low-density zone was seen separating cross walls in the septum. This mid-zone of low density appeared inflated and without visible structures in isolated cell walls, which showed only the high-density zones of the septum. Here, we suggest that frozen-hydrated thin sections have captured a highly fragile septal region, the mid-zone, which results from the dynamic action of autolysis and actively separates daughter cells during division. The two zones next to the membranes are periplasmic spaces. Immediately next to these are the growing cross walls composed of peptidoglycan, teichoic acid and protein.
Freiwilliges Engagement in der Evangelischen Kirche hat Zukunft: Ergebnisse einer neuen empirischen Studie (2006)

Der Stellenabbau in allen deutschen Landeskirchen hat verstärkt die Frage nach der Ressource "Ehrenamt" aufgeworfen. Während noch in den 1970er Jahren die Frage im Vordergrund stand: "Welche professionellen Mitarbeiter und Mitarbeiterinnen brauchen wir für bestimmte Arbeitsbereiche in der Kirche?", so lautet die Frage heute: "Welche notwendigen und unverzichtbaren Aufgaben können Freiwillige übernehmen?" In der vorliegenden Studie werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse aus einer bundesweiten Umfrage von 2004 zum freiwilligen Engagement der Bundesbürger vorgestellt und eine Sonderauswertung des 2. Freiwilligensurvey zum Bereich "Kirche und Religion" vorgenommen. Nach den Ergebnissen ist es insgesamt um das freiwillige Engagement im Raum der evangelischen Kirche - auch im Vergleich zu anderen Engagementbereichen - keineswegs schlecht bestellt, wie oftmals behauptet wird. Das freiwillige Engagement nimmt im allgemeinen sogar zu und viele Kirchenmitglieder machen nach eigener Aussage gute Erfahrungen mit ihrer Freiwilligenarbeit. Dem entspricht auch die bekundete Bereitschaft zu neuem oder erweitertem Engagement. Der Autor diskutiert vor diesem Hintergrund die Herausforderungen für die zukünftige kirchliche Freiwilligenarbeit und stellt einige Maßnahmen zur Förderung freiwilligen Engagements im kirchlich-religiösen Bereich vor. (ICI2)
Mulch Surface Color Affects Yield of Fresh-market Tomatoes (1989)

Abstract The influence of polyethylene mulch surface color on the plant light environment and tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) production was investigated. White- or silver-painted mulches reflected more total light, and a lower ratio of far-red relative to red light, than mulches painted black or red. Soil temperatures were warmer under the black and red mulches. Mulch color also affected the yield and growth of tomato. Tomato plants grown with red mulch generally had the greatest early marketable yields and produced the least amount of foliage. Plants grown with a white or silver-colored mulch had lower early marketable yields but produced more foliage. These results suggest that mulch surface color can induce changes in the plant microclimate (e.g., spectral balance and quantity of light, root zone temperatures) that can act through natural regulatory systems within the growing plant and affect tomato plant growth and fruit production.
Synthesis and antiarrhythmic and parasympatholytic properties of substituted phenols. 1. Heteroarylamine derivatives (1983)

Twenty-four structural derivatives of the antiarrhythmic drug changrolin were synthesized and tested for antiarrhythmic and parasympatholytic activities. It was found that while the bis(pyrrolidinylmethyl)phenol pattern of changrolin appeared to be optimal in this series, a wide latitude existed for the heteroaryl substituent for maintaining good antiarrhythmic activity. Further, the antiarrhythmic and parasympatholytic activities tended to exhibit parallel changes.
A Ring Cavity Raman Silicon Laser (2006)

Silicon photonics has made rapid progress in recent years achieving several key breakthroughs. In particular, chip-scale silicon lasers and amplifiers based on stimulated Raman scattering have been successfully demonstrated in continuous wave operation
A screw motion approach to uniqueness analysis of head-eye geometry (2002)

The screw motion theory is used to solve a class of pose determination problems that can be characterized by a homogeneous transform equation of the form AX=XB, where A and B are known motions and X is an unknown coordinate transformation. Unlike existing methods, this method gives rise to a sound geometric interpretation that takes both rotation and translation into consideration. The author derives a screw congruence theorem and shows that the problem is to find a rigid transformation which will bring one group of lines to overlap another. He also provides a complete analysis of the conditions under which the solution can be uniquely determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coalescing in Temporal Databases (1996)

Coalescing is a unary operator applicable to temporal databases; it is similar to duplicate elimination in conventional databases. Tuples in a temporal relation that agree on the explicit attribute values and that have adjacent or overlapping time periods are candidates for coalescing. Uncoalesced relations can arise in many ways, e.g., via a projection or union operator, or by not enforcing coalescing on update or insertion. In this paper we show how semantically superfluous coalescing can be eliminated. We then turn to efficiently performing coalescing. We sketch a variety of iterative and non-iterative approaches, via SQL and embedded SQL, demonstrating that coalescing can be formulated in SQL-89. Detailed performance studies show that all such approaches are quite expensive. We propose a spectrum of coalescing algorithms within a DBMS, based on nested-loop, explicit partitioning, explicit sorting, temporal sorting, temporal partitioning, and combined explicit/temporal sorting, and ...
Development of new functions and scripting capabilities in JavaA-DSP for easy creation and seamless integration of animated DSP simulations in Web courses (2002)

Arizona State University (ASU) has developed an on-line DSP laboratory that is based on an object-oriented Java tool called Java Digital Signal Processing (J-DSP). J-DSP is currently being used in a senior-level DSP course at ASU. J-DSP has a rich suite of signal processing functions that facilitate interactive on-line simulations of modern statistical signal and spectral analysis algorithms, filter design tools, QMF banks, and speech analysis. We present a series of significant functionality extensions of J-DSP enabling on-line laboratories in the systems-related areas of communications, image processing, and control. The extensions in communications are presented in some detail. In addition to these important functionality extensions, we present enhancements in the infrastructure of J-DSP that provide embedded scripting capabilities. Scripts enable easy creation and seamless integration of interactive animations in DSP Web content. The latter is very important for instructors creating their own DSP-related Web courses as it provides for user-friendly development of interactive visualization modules through the J-DSP applets.