gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genome expression and mRNA maturation at late stages of productive adenovirus type 2 infection (1976)

RNA from adenovirus 2-infected KB cells was annealed in liquid with RNA in vast excess to viral heavy (l) and light (r) 32P-labeled DNA strands. Hybridization kinetics were analyzed by computer to estimate the number of viral RNA abundance classes, their relative concentrations, and the fraction of each DNA strand from which they originated. Early whole cell RNA extracted 5 h postinfection annealed rapidly to 10 to 15% of l and r strands and then slowly to final values of 60 and 40% of l and r strands. By 9 h postinfection the expression of late genes was apparent and whole cell RNA annealed to 20 and 75% of l and r strands. Whole cell RNA extracted between 12 and 36 h postinfection annealed to 7 to 15% and 75 to 90% of l and r strands. Late nuclear RNA hybridized to 10 and 90% of l and r strands, and late polyribosomal RNA hybridized to 20 and 75% of l and r strands. Based upon kinetic analyses, we estimate that mRNA synthesized exclusively during late stages arises from about 6 to 8% and 45 to 49% of l and r strands. This assumes that the early class I mRNA (in low concentration late) originates from 8 to 10% and 6 to 10% of l and r strands and that early class II mRNA (in high concentration late) is derived from 2% and 8 to 13% of l and r strands. Mixing experiments indicated that early mRNA is a subset of RNA extracted from polyribosomes late after infection and that late nuclear RNA contains sequences complementary to early l strand class I nRNA. RNA-RNA hybrids were isolated from late mRNA containing sequences from 60% of l and r strands, but it is not known when these were synthesized, and therefore whether complementary RNA transcripts are synthesized late after infection, as they are known to be synthesized early. These results demonstrate that portions of the genome are transcribed into RNA sequences that remain confined to the nucleus and are not exported to polyribosomes as mRNA.
Decorating implicit surfaces (1995)

This work presents a new general approach for applying textures onto implicit surfaces. Its main contributions are:
Vitamin C Suppresses TNFα-Induced NFκB Activation by Inhibiting IκBα Phosphorylation (2002)

Extracellular stimuli signal for activation of the transcription factor NFkappaB, leading to gene expression regulating processes involved in immune responses, inflammation, and cell survival. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates NFkappaB via a well-defined kinase pathways involving NFkappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which activates downstream multisubunit IkappaB kinases (IKK). IKK in turn phosphorylates IkappaB, the central regulator of NFkappaB function. We found that intracellular vitamin C inhibits TNFalpha-induced activation of NFkappaB in human cell lines (HeLa, monocytic U937, myeloid leukemia HL-60, and breast MCF7) and primary endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a dose-dependent manner. Vitamin C is an important antioxidant, and most cells accumulate ascorbic acid (AA) intracellularly by transporting the oxidized form of the vitamin, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA). Because ascorbic acid is a strong pro-oxidant in the presence of transition metals in vitro, we loaded cells with vitamin C by incubating them with DHA. Vitamin C-loaded cells showed significantly decreased TNFalpha-induced nuclear translocation of NFkappaB, NFkappaB-dependent reporter transcription, and IkappaBalpha phosphorylation. Our data point to a mechanism of vitamin C suppression of NFkappaB activation by inhibiting TNFalpha-induced activation of NIK and IKKbeta kinases independent of p38 MAP kinase. These results suggest that intracellular vitamin C can influence inflammatory, neoplastic, and apoptotic processes via inhibition of NFkappaB activation.
Preoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels: significance in ovarian cancer. (2002)

Preoperative VEGF levels may be useful in differentiating benign adnexal masses from malignancy. Preoperative VEGF levels >380 pg/ml are an independent risk factor for death because of disease.
120. Steroids and related compounds. Part II. The dehydration of cholestanetriol (1938)

V. A. Petrow, O. Rosenheim and W. W. Starling, J. Chem. Soc., 1938, 677 DOI: 10.1039/JR9380000677
A Reassessment of the Transition-Metal Free Suzuki-Type Coupling Methodology (2004)

We present here a reassessment of our transition-metal free Suzuki-type coupling protocol. We believe that, although the reaction can be run without the need for addition of a metal catalyst, palladium contaminants down to a level of 50 ppb found in commercially available sodium carbonate are responsible for the generation of the biaryl rather than, as previously suggested, an alternative non-palladium-mediated pathway. We present a revised methodology for Suzuki couplings using ultralow palladium concentrations for use with aryl and vinyl boronic acids and discuss the effects of the purity of the boronic acid on the reaction.
Animal models of ulcerative colitis and their application in drug research (2013)

The specific pathogenesis underlying inflammatory bowel disease is complex, and it is even more difficult to decipher the pathophysiology to explain for the similarities and differences between two of its major subtypes, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). Animal models are indispensable to pry into mechanistic details that will facilitate better preclinical drug/therapy design to target specific components involved in the disease pathogenesis. This review focuses on common animal models that are particularly useful for the study of UC and its therapeutic strategy. Recent reports of the latest compounds, therapeutic strategies, and approaches tested on UC animal models are also discussed.
Novel Hepatitis C virus Protease Inhibitors: 2,4,6-Trihydroxy,3-Nitro-Benzamide Derivatives (1997)

This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of 2,4,6-trihydroxy,3-nitro-benzamide (THNB) derivatives against hepatitis C virus (HCV). protease and other human serine proteases. The inhibitory efficacy was tested with a reversed-phase HPLC assay system using a NS3-NS4A fusion protein as the HCV protease and a synthetic peptide substrate that mimics the NS5A-5B junction. Twelve THNB derivatives showed more than 50% inhibition at 100 μg mL-1. The most potent derivative was RD3-4082, with 50% inhibition at a concentration of 2.3 μg mL-1; this concentration was lower than those of other protease inhibitors reported previously. The most selective derivative was RD2-4039, with 50% inhibition at a concentration of 32.8 μg mL-1, a lower concentration than those against other serine proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, plasmin and elastase). These results suggest that the RD2-4039 skeleton is an important structure for inhibitory activity against the HCV protease NS3-NS4A.
Bone morphogenetic protein 7 ex vivo gene therapy (2003)

Acquired and congenital skeletal defects arise from trauma and developmental abnormalities as well as ablative cancer surgery. Reconstructive surgery to repair the functional limitations and aesthetic concerns caused by these defects can be complex and extensive, and therapeutic restoration of structure and function is often difficult. Currently, autologous bone grafts are the "gold standard" method for surgical repair. Protein therapy, whereby recombinant or naturally sourced bone morphogenetic proteins are surgically implanted in a defect, has recently been approved for limited clinical use. Yet protein therapy and other methods including allografting, alloplastic implants and cell therapy have significant limitations. Recent advances in bone morphogenetic protein 7 ex vivo gene therapy for localized skeletal regeneration address these limitations.
The Patella in Total Knee Arthroplasty (1982)

CAMERON, HUGH U. M.D. M.B., CHB., F.R.C.S(C); FEDORKOW, DONNA M. M.D.Editor(s): CALANDRUCCIO, ROCCO A. M.D. Author Information
PantaRay (2010)

We describe the architecture of a novel system for precomputing sparse directional occlusion caches. These caches are used for accelerating a fast cinematic lighting pipeline that works in the spherical harmonics domain. The system was used as a primary lighting technology in the movie Avatar, and is able to efficiently handle massive scenes of unprecedented complexity through the use of a flexible, stream-based geometry processing architecture, a novel out-of-core algorithm for creating efficient ray tracing acceleration structures, and a novel out-of-core GPU ray tracing algorithm for the computation of directional occlusion and spherical integrals at arbitrary points.
Amoeba Management System Transformation in the Light of Organisational Change Literature (2017)

Abstract The object of this study is the system of amoebas founded originally in Japanese Kyocera. The study aims to identify milestones of the transformation in a company organisational system to the Amoeba Management System (AMS). The study takes a conceptual research approach. It starts from the analysis of available sources on the AMS, identifies the most challenging points of this system, and afterwards, based on organisational change literature, formulates the main steps of transformation towards AMS. The following milestones of AMS implementation emerge from organisational change theories: (1) the preparation for AMS, (2) the change of organisational structure, (3) the design and introduction of a new accounting system, (4) the introduction of inner prices between amoebas, and (5) the transformation of the organisational culture. At the end of the study, the most important issues for future research are listed.
Inactivation of TNF Signaling by Rationally Designed Dominant-Negative TNF Variants (2003)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key regulator of inflammatory responses and has been implicated in many pathological conditions. We used structure-based design to engineer variant TNF proteins that rapidly form heterotrimers with native TNF to give complexes that neither bind to nor stimulate signaling through TNF receptors. Thus, TNF is inactivated by sequestration. Dominant-negative TNFs represent a possible approach to anti-inflammatory biotherapeutics, and experiments in animal models show that the strategy can attenuate TNF-mediated pathology. Similar rational design could be used to engineer inhibitors of additional TNF superfamily cytokines as well as other multimeric ligands.
Simple mathematical modeling of efficient path selection for QoS routing in load balancing (2005)

We develop a very simple mathematical model to investigate the upper bound of the size of limited choices in our proposed QoS path selection algorithm called the largest widest shortest path among limited choices (LWSP-LC) for engineering design. The LWSP-LC can achieve load balancing effectively and reduce path searching complexity significantly. However, its performance is highly related to many factors, including the network environment and traffic condition. Our simulation results show that the size of limited choices is highly dependent on both the network size and network connectivity. By considering a fully connected network, we derive a simple mathematical model on the upper bound of the size of limited choices based on the network size only.
Adenovirus DNA : the viral genome and its expression (1986)

1 A Consensus Sequence for the Adenovirus-2 Genome.- 2 Structure and Function of the Adenovirus-2 Genome.- 3 On the Mechanism of Adenovirus DNA Replication.- 4 Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Adenovirus Gene Expression.- 5 Genetic Elements Governing Adenoviral Gene Expression.- 6 Inactivation of Viral Promoters by In Vitro Methylation: Studies on the Adenovirus and Baculovirus System.- 7 Early Proteins Coded by the Adenovirus Genome: Functional Aspects.- 8 Adenovirus Genetics.- 9 Alterations in Cellular Functions in Adenovirus-Infected and Transformed Cells.- 10 Expression of Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigens in Adenovirus-Transformed Cells.- 11 Oncogenic Transformation by Human Adenoviruses and Their DNA.- 12 Classification and Epidemiology of Adenoviruses.
Fully automated health monitoring system in the home (1998)

The aim of this study was to provide health monitoring for elderly and disabled persons at home by using fully automated signal measurement with personal identification to support daily health care and improve quality of life. We attempted to develop a home health monitoring system that did not provide any restrictions during sleep, bathing or elimination. A bedroom, bathroom, and separate toilet were built. The system consisted of monitoring devices and a computer terminal for collecting data. Data were automatically collected from monitoring devices placed in the bed, bath, and toilet and were transferred to a data terminal in the bedroom and stored for further analysis. The system was tested by a young healthy subject who stayed overnight in the rooms. Data were obtained without any trouble. The data acquisition system is now being used in experimental rooms in our laboratory and in a house located in Takaoka City, Toyama Pref. Japan. Data are being extensively collected.
Femtosecond laser-tissue interactions: Retinal injury studies (1987)

We report the first study of laser-tissue interaction in the femtosecond time regime. Retinal damage thresholds and mechanisms produced by exposure to high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses were investigated in chinchilla grey rabbits. Exposures were performed using single laser pulses of 80 fs duration at 625 nm. ED <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</inf> injury thresholds of 0.75 and 4.5 μJ were measured using fluorescein angiographic and ophthalmoscopic visibility criteria evaluating 204 laser exposures. Ultrastructural studies including light and electron microscopy were performed on selected lesions. Results suggest that the primary energy deposition in the retina occurs in melanin, However, in contrast to laser injuries produced by longer pulses, exposures of more than 100 × threshold in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50-100 \mu</tex> J range did not produce significantly more severe lesions or hemorrhage. This suggests the presence of a nonlinear damage limiting mechanics in tissue exposed to femtosecond laser pulses.
Specific Isotope Enrichment of Methyl Methacrylate (1999)

A synthetic scheme has been developed to prepare methyl methacrylate specifically 13C-labelled at all different positions and in any combination of positions, from simple, commercially available starting materials. According to this scheme methyl (1-13C)- and methyl (2-13C)methacrylate (1a and 1b) have been prepared with high label incorporation (99%).
Clinical relevance of KRAS mutation detection in metastatic colorectal cancer treated by Cetuximab plus chemotherapy (2007)

The predictive value of KRAS mutation in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) patients treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy has recently been suggested. In our study, 59 patients with a chemotherapy-refractory MCRC treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy were included and clinical response was evaluated according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST). Tumours were screened for KRAS mutations using first direct sequencing, then two sensitive methods based on SNaPshot and PCR-ligase chain reaction (LCR) assays. Clinical response was evaluated according to gene mutations using the Fisher exact test. Times to progression (TTP) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with log-rank test. A KRAS mutation was detected in 22 out of 59 tumours and, in six cases, was missed by sequencing analysis but detected using the SNaPshot and PCR-LCR assays. Remarkably, no KRAS mutation was found in the 12 patients with clinical response. KRAS mutation was associated with disease progression (P=0.0005) and TTP was significantly decreased in mutated KRAS patients (3 vs 5.5 months, P=0.015). Our study confirms that KRAS mutation is highly predictive of a non-response to cetuximab plus chemotherapy in MCRC and highlights the need to use sensitive molecular methods, such as SNaPshot or PCR-LCR assays, to ensure an efficient mutation detection.
Design of reversible subband transforms using lifting (2002)

Presented is a simple yet highly effective method for designing a good reversible version of any linear subband transform. First, the lifting factorization is introduced as a means to generate many reversible versions of a particular transform. Next, a simple metric is described which predicts the accuracy with which a reversible transform can approximate its parent (linear) transform. This metric is then used as the basis for an iterative design technique. A design example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Incretin hormones regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion in RIN 1046-38 cells: mechanisms of action (1994)

Glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are known incretin hormones, released from enteroendocrine cells in response to food, that enhance insulin secretion, but only in the presence of elevated blood glucose. We used a rat insulinoma cell line, RIN 1046-38, to study the mechanisms underlying the interaction of incretins and glucose. We measured insulin secretion using RIA and the reverse hemolytic plaque assay. GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion, with a half-maximal concentration of 34 pM. GLP-1 is approximately 2 orders of magnitude more potent than GIP. GLP-1 and GIP have additive effects at submaximal concentrations, but probably not at maximal concentrations, suggesting a common signal transduction pathway. The glucose requirement for GLP-1 action can be replaced by cell membrane depolarization (20 mM KCl in the extracellular medium), suggesting that a rise of intracellular Ca2+ may be an early step required for GLP-1 action. GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion by significantly increasing the maximum rate of insulin secretion from 10.3 +/- 2.25 to 25.2 +/- 2.94 ng insulin/mg protein.h. GLP-1 acts by recruiting 1.5-fold more cells to secrete insulin as well as enhancing insulin secretion by individual cells. Combinations of stimuli, such as glucose, cell membrane depolarization, and GLP-1, can recruit 90% of RIN 1046-38 cells to secrete insulin.
Retroviral transduction of human CD34+ cells on fibronectin fragment CH-296 is inhibited by high concentrations of vector containing medium (2001)

Retroviral transduction of CB CD34+ cells on Retronectin is inhibited by high titer PG13 and GP+envAM12 vector containing medium. Efficient gene transfer to human hematopoietic cells can be obtained by preload alone of the vector onto Retronectin. These findings are of importance for the design of transduction protocols for repopulating hematopoietic cells.
Comparison of the Rheological Properties of Metallocene-Catalyzed and Conventional High-Density Polyethylenes Volume 29, Number 3, January 29, 1996, p 260 (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTComparison of the Rheological Properties of Metallocene-Catalyzed and Conventional High-Density Polyethylenes Volume 29, Number 3, January 29, 1996, p 260J. F. Vega, A. Muñoz-Escalona, A. Santamaría, M. E. Muñoz, and P. LafuenteCite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 9, 3338Publication Date (Web):April 22, 1996Publication History Published online22 April 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9520048Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Deterioration Of PH Electrode Response Due To Biofilm Formation (2005)

SUMMARY Biofilm formation on the surface of the glass pH electrode has been shown to cause a dramatic increase in response time to a step change in solution pH. Responses measured did not follow predictions by a diffusion model previously used to model the response of gel covered electrodes.
The microvascular extracellular matrix. Developmental changes during angiogenesis in the aortic ring-plasma clot model. (1987)

The composition of the extracellular matrix of developing microvessels in plasma clot cultures of rat aorta was studied with light and electron immunohistochemical techniques using affinity-purified antibodies against fibronectin, laminin, and collagen Types I, III, IV, and V. The extracellular matrix of solid endothelial sprouts in young cultures consisted of a delicate fibrillary network of fibronectin and Type V collagen and of patchy amorphous deposits of laminin and Type IV collagen. Rare fibrils of collagen Types I and III were also observed. Fibronectin stained intensely and appeared to be the predominant component of the provisional subendothelial matrix during vascular sprouting. As the cultures aged, laminin and Type IV collagen accumulated in the subendothelial space, forming a continuous feltwork around the newly formed microvessels. Patent microvessels were also surrounded by discontinuous deposits of fibronectin and by increased amounts of collagen Types I, III, and V. Ultrastructural studies revealed positive immunostaining for fibronectin, laminin, and collagen Types IV and V in the endoplasmic reticulum and in putative secretory vesicles, indicating active synthesis and secretion of these molecules by the endothelial cells. These observations indicate that the microvascular extracellular matrix undergoes significant dynamic changes during capillary development. The different composition and structural organization of the extracellular matrix at various stages of angiogenesis may have important effects on endothelial behavior and capillary morphogenesis.
First Synthesis and Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Sulphostin, a Novel Inhibitor of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (2004)

Sulphostin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor, was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. MK251-43F3. Determination of the absolute configurations of two asymmetric atoms using the natural product was not achieved due to the small amount of the compound obtained. We synthesized four possible stereoisomers of sulphostin from D- or L-ornithine and compared their physicochemical and biological data to naturally isolated sulphostin. As a result, the absolute configurations at C-3 and the phosphorus atom of sulphostin were determined to be S and R, respectively, by X-ray crystallography. Synthetic sulphostin and its C-3 epimer have strong inhibitory activities against DPP-IV, IC50 values of which are 6.0 and 8.9 ng/mL, respectively. Thus it appears that the configuration of the phosphorus atom is primarily responsible for the activity; in contrast, the configuration of C-3 does not appear to affect the activity.