gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 4096 (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTPhysical Properties of Polymers Handbook J. Am. Chem. Soc.1997, 119, 4096Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 46, 11355Publication Date (Web):November 19, 1997Publication History Published online19 November 1997Published inissue 1 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja975418khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja975418kcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (32 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Synthesis of Iridium Bis(carbene) Complexes for Efficient Blue Electrophosphorescence (2011)

Five iridium bis(carbene) complexes, [Ir(pmi)(2)(pypz)] (1), [Ir(mpmi)(2)(pypz)] (2), [Ir(fpmi)(2)(pypz)] (3), [Ir(fpmi)(2)(pyim)] (4), and [Ir(fpmi)(2)(tfpypz)] (5) (pmi=1-phenyl-3-methylimdazolin-2-ylidene-C,C(2'); fpmi=1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylimdazolin-2-ylidene-C,C(2'); mpmi=1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-3-methylimdazolin-2-ylidene-C,C(2'); pypz=2-(1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridinato; pyim=2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridinato; and tfpypz=2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridinato), were synthesized and their structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These complexes showed phosphorescent emission with the emission maxima between 453 and 490 nm. Various spectrophotometric measurements, cyclic voltammetric studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that, unlike most of the phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium complexes, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy and the emissive state of these iridium complexes are mainly controlled by the N,N'-heteroaromatic (N^N) ligand. Despite the fact that the LUMO levels of these complexes are mainly on the N^N ligands, the efficiencies of the electroluminescent (EL) devices are very high. For example, the EL devices using [Ir(mpmi)(2)(pypz)], [Ir(fpmi)(2)(pypz)], and [Ir(fpmi)(2)(tfpypz)] as the dopant emitters exhibited light- to deep-blue electrophosphorescence with external quantum efficiencies of 15.2, 14.1, and 7.6% and Commission Internationale d'Énclairage (x,y) coordinates (CIE(x,y)) of (0.14, 0.27), (0.14, 0.18) and (0.14, 0.10), respectively.
Chromium Potentiation of Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy for Dysthymic Disorder in 5 Patients (1999)

Preliminary observations suggest that chromium may potentiate antidepressant pharmacotherapy for dysthymic disorder. Controlled studies are indicated to test the validity of these initial observations.
A Multifaceted Approach to Optimizing AAV Delivery to the Brain for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases (2021)

Despite major advancements in gene therapy technologies, there are no approved gene therapies for diseases which predominantly effect the brain. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have emerged as the most effective delivery vector for gene therapy owing to their simplicity, wide spread transduction and low immunogenicity. Unfortunately, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes IV delivery of AAVs, to the brain highly inefficient. At IV doses capable of widespread expression in the brain, there is a significant risk of severe immune-mediated toxicity. Direct intracerebral injection of vectors is being attempted. However, this method is invasive, and only provides localized delivery for diseases known to afflict the brain globally. More advanced methods for AAV delivery will likely be required for safe and effective gene therapy to the brain. Each step in AAV delivery, including delivery route, BBB transduction, cellular tropism and transgene expression provide opportunities for innovative solutions to optimize delivery efficiency. Intra-arterial delivery with mannitol, focused ultrasound, optimized AAV capsid evolution with machine learning algorithms, synthetic promotors are all examples of advanced strategies which have been developed in pre-clinical models, yet none are being investigated in clinical trials. This manuscript seeks to review these technological advancements, and others, to improve AAV delivery to the brain, and to propose novel strategies to build upon this research. Ultimately, it is hoped that the optimization of AAV delivery will allow for the human translation of many gene therapies for neurodegenerative and other neurologic diseases.
A small extension to Java for class refinement (2008)

This paper presents an extended Java language in which users can refine a class definition to a certain degree. They can statically or dynamically redefine methods and append a new method, field, and interfaces to the class like dynamic languages. A unique feature of this language, named GluonJ, is that users can use a standard Java IDE (Integrated Development Environment) to exploit coding support by the IDE. This is significant for the industrial acceptability of a new language. A GluonJ program is written in standard Java with additional Java annotations. GluonJ was carefully designed so that the IDE can recognize a GluonJ program and reflect it on the coding support such as the code assist of Eclipse. Moreover, a GluonJ program never throws a runtime exception reporting that an undefined method is called. Guaranteeing this property is not straightforward because GluonJ allows users to refine a class definition at runtime.
High-bit-rate measurements in the LAMBDANET multiwavelength optical star network (1988)

The LAMBDANET architecture1,2 is a multiwavelength optical star network which is fully connected and internally nonblocking and allows the integration of point-to-point and point-to-multipoint broadband services. Each LAMBDANET node transmits on a unique wavelength, and a passive star coupler broadcasts the Information (Fig. 1). Wavelength demultiplexers at each node separate the individual wavelengths. We present experimental results intended to establish the feasibility and performance of optical components in the LAMBDANET design for node transmission bit rates up to 2 Gbit/s.
Bridging the paper and electronic worlds (1993)

Since its invention millenia ago, paper has served as one of our primary communications media. Its inherent physical properties make it easy to use, transport, and store, and cheap to manufacture. Despite these advantages, paper remains a second class citizen in the electronic world. In this paper, we present a new technology for bridging the paper and the electronic worlds. In this new technology, the user interface moves beyond the workstation and onto paper itself. We describe paper user interface technology and its implementation in a particular system called XAX.
Synovial reaction and concentrations of proteoglycan fragments in joint fluid after intraarticular knee injuries (1995)

In patients with pathology to cruciate ligaments, menisci and cartilage and in some patients with symptomatic knees without gross intraarticular changes, proteoglycan fragment concentrations in joint fluid and inflammatory reaction of the synovium were related to the cartilage condition. There was a weak positive correlation between increased concentrations of proteoglycan fragments in joint fluid and the degree of cartilage degeneration, indicating higher concentrations in knees with more advanced cartilage destruction, but there was no correlation to the synovial reaction at histological inspection. However, in most knees the synovial tissue was infiltrated by inflammatory cells. Symptomatic knees free from gross intraarticular pathology showed similar synovial changes and concentrations of proteoglycan fragments in joint fluid as knees with intraarticular pathology and obvious cartilage degeneration. The complex process of proteoglycan synthesis, release, degradation, and clearance from joint fluid apparently caused the weak or absent correlations between this 'marker' protein and the degree of synovitis and arthrosis stage.
Isolation of a T-Lymphotropic Retrovirus from a Patient at Risk for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (1983)

A retrovirus belonging to the family of recently discovered human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), but clearly distinct from each previous isolate, has been isolated from a Caucasian patient with signs and symptoms that often precede the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus is a typical type-C RNA tumor virus, buds from the cell membrane, prefers magnesium for reverse transcriptase activity, and has an internal antigen (p25) similar to HTLV p24. Antibodies from serum of this patient react with proteins from viruses of the HTLV-I subgroup, but type-specific antisera to HTLV-I do not precipitate proteins of the new isolate. The virus from this patient has been transmitted into cord blood lymphocytes, and the virus produced by these cells is similar to the original isolate. From these studies it is concluded that this virus as well as the previous HTLV isolates belong to a general family of T-lymphotropic retroviruses that are horizontally transmitted in humans and may be involved in several pathological syndromes, including AIDS.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2006)

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary program of care for patients with chronic respiratory impairment that is individually tailored and designed to optimize physical and social performance and autonomy. It can reduce symptoms, decrease disability, increase participation in physical and social activities, and improve the overall quality of life for individuals with chronic respiratory disease. Pulmonary rehabilitation consists of exercise training, patient and family education, psychosocial and behavioral intervention. The exercise training should be performed at least five times per week for 30 min in each session. The intensity of aerobic exercise training should be more than 60 per cent of the peak oxygen consumption.
TENASCIN IS INCREASED IN CARTILAGE AND SYNOVIUM FROM ARTHRITIC KNEES (1993)

Tenascin is a major extracellular glycoprotein known to have important functions in processes such as wound repair and embryogenesis including bone and cartilage formation. The expression of this molecule in articular cartilage and synovium from normal and abnormal (OA and inflammatory joint disease including RA) human knee joints was studied by an immunohistological technique using paraffin embedded tissue and a specific anti-human tenascin monoclonal antibody (BC4). The results show that in normal articular cartilage tenascin is expressed in small amounts in the surface zone and in synovium is present in significant levels in the walls of blood vessels only. In diseased joints expression is greatly increased both in articular cartilage and synovium. Increased production of tenascin is likely to be part of a reparative response in injured joints the understanding of which may suggest novel mechanisms to modify disease progression in degenerative and inflammatory joint disease.
ACUTE EFFECTS OF AUGMENTED ECCENTRIC LOADING ON JUMP SQUAT PERFORMANCE (2007)

The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of a spectrum of eccentric loads on force, velocity, and power during the concentric portion of maximal-effort jump squats utilizing a repeated measures design. Thirteen resistance-trained men (age = 22.8 ± 2.9 years, weight = 87.1 ± 11.8 kg, 163.5 ± 28.6 kg squat 1 repetition maximum [1RM]; mean ± SD), who routinely incorporated back squats into their training, participated as subjects in this investigation. Jump squat performance was assessed using 4 experimental conditions. The first of these conditions consisted of an isoinertial load equal to 30% of back squat 1RM. The remaining conditions consisted of jump squats with a concentric load of 30% 1RM, subsequent to the application of experimental augmented eccentric loading (AEL) conditions of 20, 50, and 80% of back squat 1RM, respectively. All subjects performed 2 sets of 1RM of maximum- effort jump squats with all experimental conditions in a counter- balanced sequence. Forty-eight hours after completing the first testing session, subjects repeated the experimental testing protocol to establish stability reliability. Peak performance values for the reliable variables of force, velocity, and power, as well as force and power values obtained at 20-ms intervals during the initial 400 ms of the concentric jump squat range of motion, showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05) across the experimental AEL loads. These results suggest that load-spectrum AEL prior to a 30% 1RM jump squat fails to acutely enhance force, velocity, and power.
Improvement of Early 18F-FDG PET Interpretation in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Importance of the Reference Background (2010)

When assessing early response, particularly in risk-adapted therapeutic trials, it seems preferable to refer to a background tissue (liver) with a higher level of uptake than that of current international criteria (MBP) which were designed for end-of-treatment evaluation.
The Interaction between Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's Amyloid β-Peptide Is Dependent on β-Peptide Conformation (1996)

An important feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the cerebral deposition of amyloid. The main component of the amyloid is a 39-44-amino acid residue protein called amyloid beta (A beta), which also exists as a normal protein in biological fluids, known as soluble A beta. A major risk factor for late-onset AD is the inheritance of the apolipoprotein (apo) E4 isotype of apoE. How apoE is involved in the pathogenesis of AD is unclear; however, evidence exists for a direct apoE/A beta interaction. We and others have shown that apoE copurifies with A beta from AD amyloid plaques and that under certain in vitro conditions apoE promotes a beta-sheet structure in A beta peptides. Currently we document the high affinity binding of A beta peptides to both human recombinant apoE3 and -E4 with a KD of 20 nM. This interaction is greatly influenced by the conformational state of the A beta peptide used. Furthermore, we show that the fibril modulating effect of apoE is also influenced by the initial secondary structure of the A beta peptide. The preferential binding of apoE to A beta peptides with a beta-sheet conformation can in part explain the copurification of A beta and apoE from AD amyloid plaques.
SAVING MEGAWATTS WITH VOLTAGE OPTIMIZATION (2010)

In September 2008, PCS UtiliData commissioned an Industrial Voltage Optimization system at the Plum Creek Timber Medium Density Fiberboard facility in Columbia Falls, Montana. The system was based upon the AdaptiVolt(TM) Volt/VAR Optimization system that had been installed at several electric utility distribution substations in the U.S. and Canada. These systems, being operated in Conservation Voltage Regulation mode, have provided significant energy conservation where they have been installed. Algorithms were developed to allow the system to operate with large synchronous motors without approaching pull-out torque points. After more than a year of operation the system has reduced demand at the facility by 3.72% with an annual energy savings of over 9,000,000 kWh per year at full production capacity. Based on verified energy savings Bonneville Power Administration paid Plum Creek over $337,000 for the project. This paper describes the voltage optimization system, the mechanism of energy conservation when voltage is optimized in an industrial facility and the measurement and verification method used to determine actual savings.
Controlled Synthesis of Hyperbranched Inorganic Nanocrystals with Rich Three-Dimensional Structures (2005)

Controlled synthesis of hyperbranched CdTe and CdSe semiconductor nanocrystals is presented. The length of the arms and the degree of branching could be controlled independently by varying the amount and kind of organic surfactant. The three-dimensional structure of these nanocrystals has been characterized with TEM tomography.
Switching to Another SSRI or to Venlafaxine With or Without Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents With SSRI-Resistant Depression (2008)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00018902.
Color in perspective (1996)

Simple constraints on the sets of possible surface reflectance and illuminants are exploited in a new color constancy algorithm that builds upon Forsyth's (1990) theory of color constancy. Forsyth's method invokes the constraint that the surface colors under a canonical illuminant all fall within an established maximal convex gamut of possible colors. However, the method works only when restrictive conditions are imposed on the world: the illumination must be uniform, the surfaces must be planar, and there can be no specularities. To overcome these restrictions, we modify Forsyth's algorithm so that it works with the colors under a perspective projection (in a chromaticity space). The new algorithm working in perspective is simpler than Forsyth's method and more importantly the restrictions on the illuminant, surface shape and specularities can be relaxed. The algorithm is then extended to include a maximal gamut constraint on a set of illuminants that is analogous to the gamut constraint on surface colors. Tests on real images show that the algorithm provides good color constancy.
Analyses of the Microbial Diversity across the Human Microbiome (2012)

Analysis of human body microbial diversity is fundamental to understanding community structure, biology and ecology. The National Institutes of Health Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has provided an unprecedented opportunity to examine microbial diversity within and across body habitats and individuals through pyrosequencing-based profiling of 16 S rRNA gene sequences (16 S) from habits of the oral, skin, distal gut, and vaginal body regions from over 200 healthy individuals enabling the application of statistical techniques. In this study, two approaches were applied to elucidate the nature and extent of human microbiome diversity. First, bootstrap and parametric curve fitting techniques were evaluated to estimate the maximum number of unique taxa, S(max), and taxa discovery rate for habitats across individuals. Next, our results demonstrated that the variation of diversity within low abundant taxa across habitats and individuals was not sufficiently quantified with standard ecological diversity indices. This impact from low abundant taxa motivated us to introduce a novel rank-based diversity measure, the Tail statistic, ("τ"), based on the standard deviation of the rank abundance curve if made symmetric by reflection around the most abundant taxon. Due to τ's greater sensitivity to low abundant taxa, its application to diversity estimation of taxonomic units using taxonomic dependent and independent methods revealed a greater range of values recovered between individuals versus body habitats, and different patterns of diversity within habitats. The greatest range of τ values within and across individuals was found in stool, which also exhibited the most undiscovered taxa. Oral and skin habitats revealed variable diversity patterns, while vaginal habitats were consistently the least diverse. Collectively, these results demonstrate the importance, and motivate the introduction, of several visualization and analysis methods tuned specifically for next-generation sequence data, further revealing that low abundant taxa serve as an important reservoir of genetic diversity in the human microbiome.
Dry Film Refractive Index as an Important Parameter for Ultra-Low Fouling Surface Coatings (2012)

Here we demonstrate that the film refractive index (RI) can be an even more important parameter than film thickness for identifying nonfouling polymer films to undiluted human blood plasma and serum. The film thickness and RI are two parameters obtained from ellipsometry. Previously, film thickness has been correlated to ultra-low fouling properties. Practically, the film RI can be used to characterize polymer density but is often overlooked. By varying the water content in the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of zwitterionic carboxybetaine, a minimum of ∼1.5 RI units was necessary to achieve <5 ng/cm(2) of adsorption from undiluted human serum. A model of the film structure versus water content was also developed. These results point to an important parameter and simple approach for identifying surface coatings suitable for real-world applications involving complex media. Therefore, ultra-low fouling using a thin film is possible if it is densely packed.
Effects of B-HT 920 in the eye and on regional blood flows in anaesthetized and conscious rabbits (1986)

The influence of unilateral ocular instillation of B-HT 920 (50 micrograms) on regional ocular, cerebral and peripheral blood flows was investigated with the labelled microsphere method in conscious and anaesthetized albino rabbits. In urethane-anaesthetized rabbits the intraocular pressure (IOP) fell during 1 hr following topical B-HT 920 whereas no changes in regional blood flows were observed. Only in conscious rabbits was a decrease in regional blood flows found. B-HT 920 caused a short-term reduction in choroidal blood flow by about 20%. Transient vasoconstrictor effects, due to systemic absorption, were also seen in some extraocular tissues. Concomitantly, B-HT 920 reduced the total cerebral blood flow (CBF) by 23%. In the grey matter and hypothalamic region the decrease in flow was about 20%, while in the hippocampal region, thalamic region, collicles and pons-mesencephalon it was about 10%. In experiments with direct blood flow determination from an opened vortex vein, there was no consistent change of uveal vascular resistance, while IOP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell dose-dependently following cumulative intravenously administered bolus doses (10 and 50 micrograms/kg) of B-HT 920. Unilateral loss of the mediated sympathetic tone seemed to increase the ocular responses to B-HT 920, unmasking a vasoconstrictor effect. Additional systemic pretreatment with the selective blocking agents rauwolscine and sulpiride suggests that B-HT 920 produces its ocular hypotensive effect, predominantly by acting on dopamine (DA2) receptors in the eye rather than on alpha 2-adrenoceptors, and its ocular vasoconstrictor effects via both receptor types.