gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relief of Acute Migraine Headache with Intravenous Oxytocin (2006)

We present 2 cases, one adult and one pediatric, of acute migraine headache promptly relieved by intravenous oxytocin. Both cases were typical flares of a chronic intermittent headache pattern with classic vascular symptoms. Pain relief in both cases was rapid and temporally related to oxytocin administration. Vascular headache pathophysiology and possible oxytocin mechanisms of action are discussed.
Requirement for Focal Adhesion Kinase in the Early Phase of Mammary Adenocarcinoma Lung Metastasis Formation (2005)

An increased expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in a variety of cancers is associated with a poor disease prognosis. To study the role of FAK in breast tumor growth and metastasis formation, we used conditional doxycycline-regulated expression of a dominant-negative acting splice variant of FAK, FAK-related non-kinase (FRNK), in MTLn3 mammary adenocarcinoma cells in a syngeneic Fischer 344 rat tumor and metastasis model. In cell culture, doxycycline-mediated expression of FRNK inhibited MTLn3 cell spreading and migration in association with reduced formation of focal adhesions and phosphorylation of FAK on Tyr(397), but FRNK did not cause apoptosis. Continuous expression of FRNK decreased the primary tumor growth in the mammary fat pad by 60%, which was not due to induction of apoptosis. Lung metastasis formation was almost completely prevented when FRNK was already expressed 1 day before tumor cell injection, whereas expression of FRNK 11 days after injection did not affect lung metastasis formation. FRNK expression during the first 5 days was sufficient to block metastasis formation, excluding the possibility of FRNK-induced dormancy of tumor cells. Together, these data fit with a model wherein FAK is required for breast tumor cell invasion/migration processes that take place in the early phase of metastasis formation. Our findings suggest that FAK is a good candidate for therapeutic intervention of metastasis formation.
The nursing needs of a patient with a complicated abdominal wound. (2003)

A patient with a complex wound after abdominal surgery had three types of treatment--wound manager bags, vacuum-assisted closure and a capillary dressing. The patient's self-image was profoundly affected by the size and appearance of his wound. But despite the problems the wound healed, thanks to regular assessment and a multidisciplinary approach to his care.
Treatment with an Anti-IL-4 Monoclonal Antibody Blocks Suppression of Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice by Oral Administration of Type II Collagen (1998)

Oral administration of type II collagen (CII) has been shown to suppress collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in experimental animals. However, the exact mechanism by which CIA is suppressed following administration of CII remains to be investigated, although it was demonstrated that active suppression by regulatory T cells might be involved in the suppression. Therefore, we have examined whether the inhibitory cytokine IL-4 plays a role in the suppression of CIA, by using an anti-IL-4 mAb (11B11 mAb). Mice were fed daily with CII over a period of 10 days before immunization with CII. 11B11 mAb was i.p. injected 30 min before each oral administration of CII. The results showed that treatment with 11B11 mAb markedly blocked suppression of CIA by the oral Ag. The blockade of suppression of CIA by the anti-IL-4 mAb was associated with the blockade of augmentation of IL-4 secretion in CII-fed mice. The treatment with 11B11 mAb also resulted in the prevention of decreases in anti-CII IgG2a Ab production, DTH responses to CII, proliferation of lymphoid cells to CII, and IFN-gamma secretion in mice given CII orally. Thus, the neutralization of IL-4 by an anti-IL-4 Ab appears to be effective in blocking suppression of CIA by oral administration of CII, suggesting that IL-4 may be critically involved in its suppression.
Oxidative Damage Does Not Alter Membrane Phospholipid Asymmetry in Human Erythrocytes (1997)

Oxidant-induced damage has been proposed to be the underlying mechanism for loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry in the erythrocyte membrane. In sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and diabetes as well as in senescent erythrocytes, an apparent correlation between oxidative damage and loss of phosphatidylserine asymmetry has been reported. In the present study, erythrocytes were subjected to various levels of oxidative stress and/or sulfhydryl modifying agents. The transmembrane location of phosphatidylserine (PS) was assessed by FITC-conjugated annexin V labeling and the PS-dependent prothrombinase assay. Transbilayer movement of spin-labeled PS was used to determine aminophospholipid translocase activity. Our data show that cells did not expose PS as the result of oxidative stress induced by phenylhydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, or sulfhydryl modification by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and diamide, even under conditions that led to severe cellular damage and impairment of aminophospholipid translocase activity. In contrast, the increase of intracellular calcium induced by treatment with calcium and ionophore A23187 leads to a rapid scrambling of the lipid bilayer and the exposure of PS, which can be exacerbated by the inhibition of aminophospholipid translocase activity. Oxidation of the cells with hydrogen peroxide or phenylhydrazine did not affect A23187-induced uptake of calcium, but partly inhibited calcium-induced membrane scrambling. In conclusion, oxidative damage of erythrocytes does not induce exposure of phosphatidylserine on the membrane surface, but can interfere with both aminophospholipid translocase activity and calcium-induced randomization of membrane phospholipids.
Skew Estimation of Sparsely Inscribed Document Fragments (2012)

Document analysis is done to analyze entire forms (e.g. intelligent form analysis, table detection) or to describe the layout/structure of a document for further processing. A pre-processing step of document analysis methods is a skew estimation of scanned or photographed documents. Current skew estimation methods require the existence of large text areas, are dependent on the text type and can be limited on a specific angle range. The proposed method is gradient based in combination with a Focused Nearest Neighbor Clustering of interest points and has no limitations regarding the detectable angle range. The upside/down decision is based on statistical analysis of ascenders and descenders. It can be applied to entire documents as well as to document fragments containing only a few words. Results show that the proposed skew estimation is comparable with state-of-the-art methods and outperforms them on a real dataset consisting of 658 snippets.
Feature-based classification of time-series data (2001)

Abstract: In this paper we propose the use of statistical features for time-series classification. The classification is performed with a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network. The proposed method is examined in the context of Control Chart Pattern data, which are time series used in Statistical Process Control. Experimental results verify the efficiency of the feature-based classification method, compared to previous methods which classify time series based on the values of each time point. Moreover, the results show the robustness of the proposed method against noise and time-series length. Key-words: Data mining, time series, classification, statistical features 1 Introduction Data mining is the process of pattern identification in large databases [1]. The main objectives of data mining are prediction and description. Data mining methods belong to several categories. Regression maps data to prediction values. Generalization produces a simple description from complex data and association finds dependencies among data. Clustering identifies a set of types with which data can be categorized, whereas classification maps data to a set of a predefined types. Data mining has been mainly applied to relational data. Non-relational data present important challenges to data mining due to their size and dimensionality. Time-series data are supported by many database systems. A time series is a sequence of real numbers representing the values of a variable over time. They have found applications in temporal [2] and scientific databases, as well as in data warehouses containing a variety of data types, from stock market prices to electro-cardiograms. Mining time-series data can reveal important patterns, such as similarities [3], trends [4] or periodicity [5]. Since time-series data tend to grow rapidly over time, they present several performance issues to data mining algorithms.
The Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Promotes Transdifferentiation of Subcutaneously Implanted Hepatic Oval Cells Into Mesenchymal Tumor Tissue (2009)

Hepatic oval cells are thought to represent facultative hepatic epithelial stem cells in liver in which damage inhibits hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration. The LE/6 hepatic stem cell line was derived from the liver of male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.1% ethionine. They are histochemically characterized by their expression of hepatocytic (hepPar1), cholangiocytic cytokeratin (CK19), hepatic progenitor cell (OV-6), and hematopoietic stem cell (c-kit) markers. In this study, we transplanted LE/6 cells by subcutaneous injection into adult female nude mice, and examined their engraftment and differentiation potential in the subcutaneous microenvironment in vivo. Our results demonstrated that following subcutaneous transplantation, differentiation of LE/6 cells into mesenchymal tumor tissue (MTT) was associated with reduced E-cadherin expression, upregulation of E-cadherin repressor molecules (Snail proteins), and increased expression of vimentin and N-cadherin, all of these events are characteristic of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Tandem Modification of Metal–Organic Frameworks by a Postsynthetic Approach (2008)

More than a one-trick pony: Postsynthetic modification of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) permits stepwise, “tandem” modification of the lattice. An MOF bearing reactive functional groups can be subjected to a controllable, heterogeneous transformation sequence while retaining its structural integrity and microporosity. This approach allows the synthesis of MOFs bearing multiple functional groups (represented in the scheme by green and pink spheres).
New lipid mixture for efficient lipid-mediated transfection of BHK cells. (1995)

A crude fraction of soybean lipids (azolectin) proved to be an inexpensive and effective substitute for highly purified phosphatidylethanolamine in preparation of phospholipid/dimethyldioctadecyl-ammonium bromide liposomes. Furthermore, directly suspending the components in aqueous buffer was superior to first dissolving the lipids in CHCl3.
Pre-Eclampsia: Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Mechanisms (2007)

Preeclampsia affects 3-5% of pregnancies and can have a significant impact on health for both mother and fetus. Risk factors include maternal co-morbidities such as obesity and chronic hypertension, paternal factors, and genetic factors. New hypertension and proteinuria during the second half of pregnancy are key diagnostic criteria, but the clinical features and associated prognostic implications are somewhat heterogeneous and may reflect different mechanisms of disease. Renal dysfunction and proteinuria correspond to the pathologic finding of glomerular endotheliosis, and generally resolve after cure of preeclampsia through fetal and placenta delivery. The molecular mechanisms behind this disease are being discovered and refined. The initial etiologic agents are currently unknown. Pathologic studies show abnormal development of an ischemic placenta with a high-resistance vasculature, which cannot deliver an adequate blood supply to the fetoplacental unit. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the maternal syndrome. Dysfunctional endothelial cells produce altered quantities of vasoactive mediators, which lead to a tip in the balance towards vasoconstriction. An imbalance in circulating angiogenic factors is emerging as a prominent mechanism that mediates the endothelial dysfunction and the clinical signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1), an endogenous anti-angiogenic factor that is a potent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonist, is highly elevated in preeclampsia. VEGF is not only important in angiogenesis, but also in maintaining endothelial health including the formation of endothelial fenestrae (a hallmark of the glomerular vascular endothelium). sFlt1 overexpression in animals induces glomerular endotheliosis with the loss of endothelial fenestrae that resembles the renal histological lesions of preeclampsia. More severe forms of preeclampsia, including the HELLP syndrome, may be explained by a concomitant elevation in both sFlt1 and soluble endoglin, another anti-angiogenic factor. Unraveling of the molecular mechanisms behind preeclampsia may help to expand our armamentarium to treat patients in a more directed fashion, as current management consists of supportive care and expedited delivery. Finally, long-term outcomes of women with preeclampsia include a significantly increased risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease, including mortality, which may warrant more aggressive screening and treatment in this population.
Revising the Dewey Decimal Classification (1988)

KO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION , Seite 17 - 20
Human gliomas with wild-type p53 express bcl-2. (1995)

Human astrocytomas frequently overexpress wild-type p53, which suggests that gliomas have evolved a mechanism to subvert p53-mediated apoptosis. bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis mediated by p53, and it is expressed in several human cancers. We therefore examined a series of human gliomas to determine whether bcl-2 is expressed and whether this expression is associated with tumors which have wild-type p53. Twenty-eight paraffin-embedded gliomas (3 WHO grade II, 13 grade III, 12 grade IV) were immunohistochemically stained for bcl-2 and p53. p53 mutations were identified with single strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing. Sixteen of 28 (57%) tumors expressed bcl-2, and bcl-2 expression was associated with wild-type p53 (P < 0.01). Among gliomas which overexpressed p53, bcl-2 was positive in 7 of 7 tumors with wild-type p53 but in only 1 of 7 with mutant p53 (P < 0.01). We conclude that bcl-2 is frequently expressed in human gliomas and that expression is more common in tumors with wild-type p53.
The BigChaos Solution to the Netflix Prize 2008 (2008)

The team “BellKor in BigChaos ” is a combined team of team BellKor and BigChaos. The solution with a RMSE of 0.8616 is created by a linear blend of the results from both teams. In the following paper we describe the results of BigChaos. 1
Thermal transition measurements of polymer thin films by modulated nanoindentation (2005)

A modulated nanoindentation technique has been developed for thermal transition analysis of polymer thin films. The procedure was applied to glass transition measurements of poly-t-butylacrylate, with results that compare well with shear-modulated force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The advantages of the modulated indentation technique are twofold: (i) it provides in situ experimental access to material properties in nanoscopically confined geometries, and (ii) it incorporates well-defined indenter geometries, which provide a means for quantitative thermorheological analysis that is not available with conventional scanning probe microscopy. The experimental procedure and critical test parameters are detailed.
Longitudinal changes of CSF biomarkers in memory clinic patients (2007)

Levels of CSF beta-amyloid(1-42) and tau but not phosphorylated tau at threonine 181 increased over time in this memory clinic patient cohort with comparable change in all diagnostic groups. The cross-sectional difference between diagnostic groups, however, exceeded by far the longitudinal changes within individuals, suggesting that these biomarkers are not sensitive as markers of disease progression.
Conserved KRAB protein domain identified upstream from the zinc finger region of Kox 8 (1991)

peer reviewed
Quantitative Analysis of the Complex between p21 and the Ras-binding Domain of the Human Raf-1 Protein Kinase (1995)

The Ras-binding domain (RBD) of human Raf-1 was purified from Escherichia coli, and its interaction with Ras was investigated. Its dissociation constant with p21ras.guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate was found to be 18 nM, with a slight preference for H-ras over K- and N-ras. Oncogenic forms bind with slightly lower affinity. The affinity of RBD for effector region mutants or the GDP-bound form of p21ras is in the micromolar range, which means that 100-fold lower affinity is not sufficient for signal transduction. The rate of the GTPase of p21ras is not modified by RBD. Since P(i) release is found not to be rate limiting, the Ras-Raf signal of the cell may be terminated by the intrinsic GTPase of p21ras.
Quick Models for Saccade Amplitude Prediction (2009)

This paper presents a new saccade amplitude prediction model. The model is based on a Kalman filter and regression analysis. The aim of the model is to predict a saccade’s am-plitude extremely quickly, i.e., within two eye position samples at the onset of a saccade. Specifically, the paper explores saccade amplitude prediction considering one or two sam-ples at the onset of a saccade. The models’ prediction performance was tested with 35 subjects. The amplitude accuracy results yielded approximately 5.26° prediction error, while the error for direction prediction was 5.3% for the first sample model and 1.5% for the two samples model. The practical use of the proposed model lays in the area of real-time gaze-contingent compression and extreme eye-gaze aware interaction applications. The paper provides theoretical evaluation of the benefits of saccade amplitude prediction to the gaze-contingent multimedia compression, estimating a 21% improvement in com-pression for short network delays.
A full complement of receptors in immune complex diseases (2002)

In this issue of the JCI, Shushakova et al.(1) describe experimental results that provide a direct link between the C5a anaphylotoxin and the IgG Fc receptors (FcγRs) in mediating immune complex-triggered (IC-triggered) inflammatory disease.Using a murine lung model of IC-induced inflammation, the authors demonstrate that C5a, acting through the C5a receptor (C5aR), exacerbates inflammation in part by altering the ratio of activation to inhibitory FcγR expression on alveolar macrophages, enhancing the former and suppressing the latter, thereby optimizing the ability of alveolar macrophages to respond to ICs and trigger cytokine release and neutrophil chemotaxis.C5a now joins the ranks of other regulators of FcγR expression, such as IFN-γ and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), in modulating IC-induced inflammation by acting on the primary IC targets, the FcγRs.What makes this observation worthy of comment is the historical context of IC-mediated inflammation and the confusion that has surrounded the basic mechanism of this fundamental immunological reaction, the Arthus reaction.
DNA methylation and embryogenesis (1993)

A large number of studies have documented the methylation patterns of individual genes and repeated sequences in different tissues of various mammalian species. This has revealed a consistent picture of DNA modification where each cell type has its characteristic pattern. Tissue-specific genes are undermethylated in their cell type of expression but fully modified in other cells, while housekeeping genes contain 5′ CpG islands which are constitutively unmethylated in all cells (see Yeivin and Razin, pp. 523–568). Experiments in tissue culture have clearly demonstrated that these somatic patterns are fixed and conservatively passed on from generation to generation (Stein et al., 1982; Wigler et al., 1991), but little is known about how this modification profile is established during early stages of embryo development.
Finding Biological Active Compounds in Large Databases; (1997)

A method is proposed, and shown to be able to find active compounds in a Large Database by iterative selection/screening cycles. The method is derived from genetic algorithms. Starting from an initial small parent population the next compounds to screen are selected by similarity search based on the structural features of two high rating parents. The performance of the method is demonstrated using 20000 compounds with biological data from the NCI1 database.
Electrooptical wide-angle beam deflector based on fringing-field-induced refractive inhomogeneity in a liquid crystal layer (2004)

A controllable, refractive, electrooptical liquid crystal (LC) beam deflector has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The principle of operation of the deflector is based on the generation of a high gradient of refractive index in a thick LC layer by the fringing field between two lateral electrodes in a simple 3-electrode LC cell. A Gaussian laser beam, focused into the narrow region at the electrode gap was effectively deflected by the refractive index gradient. Large deflection angles of /spl sim/15/spl deg/ as well as a high deflection efficiency of 98% were demonstrated experimentally backed by a theoretical analysis.
A universal T cell epitope-containing peptide from hepatitis B surface antigen can enhance antibody specific for HIV gp120 (1992)

Peptide-based vaccines that directly target T cell or B cell epitopes may have significant advantages over conventional vaccines. Further, synthetic chimeric peptides that combine strong T cell epitopes with poorly immunogenic, but immunodominant, B cell epitopes or strain-conserved B cell epitopes may be useful in eliciting antibody to such important regions. Here we characterize a human T cell epitope analyzed in 54 individuals immunized with a hepatitis B virus surface Ag vaccine. Primary cultures from a total of 59 immunized donors were assessed for their ability to respond to hepatitis B virus surface Ag and peptides, and five were non-responders (8.5%). T cell lines were established from the remaining 54 responders. Of the responders, it was found that the peptide representing amino acids 19 through 33 (19-33) elicited significant proliferation in lines derived from 50 donors. This "universal" T cell epitope, which was recognized in donors of many different HLA-DR and -DQ haplotypes, was then used to construct a chimeric peptide containing 19-33 and the third V region loop structure (V3 loop) of HIV-1 envelope gp 120, in an attempt to augment the immune response to the V3 loop peptide. The V3 loop is the region to which significant neutralizing antibody is directed. Thus, a strong immune response to a synthetic peptide that contains the strain-conserved V3 loop region could have significant therapeutic implications. The V3 loop/19-33 peptide was then used to prime mice, to determine whether V3 loop-specific antibody could be induced. The peptide elicited potent 19-33-specific proliferation in T cells isolated from draining lymph nodes, and in six of six mice anti-V3 loop antibody was elicited. Further, V3 loop/19-33-primed animals made significant levels of antibody that bound rgp120. These data suggest that, when a major T cell epitope is synthesized in tandem with the V3 loop, a significant immune response against the loop can be elicited. Thus, given the finding that neutralizing antibody may play a role in the control and/or prevention of HIV infection, an HIV vaccine composed of a T cell epitope-containing peptide may prove effective. In addition, this type of approach can be generalized to the design of peptide-based vaccines.