gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Oxidized LDL) and the risk of preeclampsia (2006)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. In a case-control study of 99 women with preeclampsia and 99 controls, we assessed maternal plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxidized LDL) in relation to preeclampsia risk. Logistic regression procedures were used to derive odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Plasma oxidized LDL was determined using enzyme immunoassay. Maternal plasma oxidized LDL was significantly positively correlated with lipids in both cases and controls. After adjusting for nulliparity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, physical inactivity, family history of chronic hypertension and plasma vitamin C concentrations, women who had elevated oxidized LDL concentrations ( > or = 50 U/l) experienced a 2.9-fold increased risk of preeclampsia when compared with women having lower oxidized LDL concentrations (95 % CI 1.4-5.9). The risk of preeclampsia was markedly increased in women who had both elevated oxidized LDL and elevated triglyceride concentrations (OR=8.9, 95 % CI 3.1-26.2). Women with both elevated oxidized LDL and low vitamin C concentrations experienced a 9.8-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95 % CI 3.0-32.2). Our results confirm the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Prospective studies are needed to determine if elevated oxidized LDL concentrations can predict the occurrence of preeclampsia.
Improved Syntheses of 3H,5H-Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTImproved Syntheses of 3H,5H-Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidinesRichard H. Furneaux and Peter C. TylerView Author Information Carbohydrate Chemistry Team, Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31310, Lower Hutt, New Zealand Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 22, 8411–8412Publication Date (Web):October 14, 1999Publication History Received2 June 1999Published online14 October 1999Published inissue 1 October 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo990903ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo990903ebrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2770Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Condensation,Hydrocarbons,Organic compounds,Pyrimidine,Pyrroles Get e-Alerts
Two Novel Alkaloids from Evodia rutaecarpa (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo Novel Alkaloids from Evodia rutaecarpaNoboru Shoji, Akemi Umeyana, Akio Iuchi, Nobuaki Saito, Shigenobu Arihara, Kyosuke Nomoto, and Yasushi OhizumiCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1989, 52, 5, 1160–1162Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50065a043https://doi.org/10.1021/np50065a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views263Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimized calcium/phosphorus solubility in a parenteral nutrition solution containing dicarboxylic amino acids and cysteine. (1986)

The solubility of calcium and phosphorus was studied in neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions containing dicarboxylic amino acids and cysteine. Experimental amino acid solutions containing aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and cysteine in concentrations from 0.5% to 2.0% were studied with dextrose concentrations of 5-20% plus standard electrolyte, vitamin, and trace element additives. Solutions were held at room temperature for 24 hr prior to incubation in a 37 degrees C water bath for 30 min. The pH of each solution was determined. Precipitation was detected by light scattering on a Cobas Bio centrifugal analyzer. An absorbance greater than 0.015 at 600 nm was considered evidence of precipitation. The pH of test solutions ranged between 5.7 and 6.4. Increasing amino acid concentration produced an improvement in calcium/phosphate solubility. Change in dextrose concentration had a lesser effect. Solutions of 10% dextrose with 2% amino acids contained 40 mEq/liter calcium and 17 mmol/liter phosphorus without precipitation. Administered at 150 ml/kg/day, such a solution would provide 120 mg/kg body weight/day calcium and 80 mg/kg/day phosphorus, approximately the daily in utero accretion rates during the last trimester. This is not readily achieved in comparable solutions of previous amino acid formulations.
Stool DNA testing for the detection of pancreatic cancer (2011)

This study demonstrates that stool assay of a methylated gene marker can detect PanC. Among candidate methylated markers discriminant in tissue, BMP3 alone performed well in stool. Combining methylated BMP3 and mutant KRAS increased stool detection over either marker alone.
SINOPODA, A NEW GENUS OF HETEROPODINAE (ARANEAE, SPARASSIDAE) FROM ASIA (1999)

Sinopoda new genus (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae) is described from Asia. It is recognizable only from genital characters. At present, the new genus comprises 25 species from Japan, Korea, China, Thailand, Malaysia and east India. Heteropoda campanacea , H. forcipata, H. hamata, H. koreana, H. licenti, H. marsupia (?), H. minschana, H. serrata, H. shennonga, H. stellata and Panaretidius microphthalmus are placed in Sinopoda new genus. Relationships to other heteropodine genera are dis- cussed. Jager (1998a) identified somatic characters, which are useful for distinguishing suprage- neric taxa in the Sparassidae. At present, nine heteropodine genera are known from Asia: Adrastis Simon 1880, Heteropoda Latreille 1804, Panaretidius Simon 1906, Panaretus Simon 1880, Pandercetes L. Koch 1875, Par- hedrus Simon 1887, Spariolenus Simon 1880, Torania Simon 1886, Yiinthi Davies 1994. Most of the species belonging to Sinopoda new genus were formerly described under Heteropoda. METHODS
Gene Transfer into the Medfly, Ceratitis capitata , with a Drosophila hydei Transposable Element (1995)

Exogenous functional DNA was introduced into the germline chromosomes of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata with a germline transformation system based on the transposable element Minos from Drosophila hydei. Transformants were identified as phenotypic revertants of a white-eyed mutation carried by the recipient strain. Clusters of transformants were detected among the progeny of 390 individuals screened for germline transformation. Five independent and phenotypically active integration events were identified, in each of which a single copy of the transposon was inserted into a different site of the medfly genome. Molecular analysis indicates that they represent transposase-mediated insertions of the transposon into medfly chromosomes.
Fibre gratings for hydrogen sensing (2006)

Liquid hydrogen has been intensively used in aerospace applications for the past 40 years and is of great interest for future automotive applications. Following major explosive risks due to the use of hydrogen in air, several studies were carried out in order to develop optical fibre sensors for the detection of hydrogen leakage. This paper aims at the presentation of new hydrogen sensors based on the use of fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) and long period gratings (LPG) coated by palladium nanolayers. The sensing principle based on the palladium-hydrogen interaction is presented, as well as experimental results. It is shown that both techniques could be used for hydrogen sensing but with a sensitivity enhanced by a factor up to 500 when using a LPG sensor. FBG sensors appear to be pure strain sensors and LPG sensors are mainly based on the coupling between the cladding modes and evanescent or surface plasmon waves. Preliminary results obtained with an in-fibre Mach-Zehnder interferometer configuration with in-series LPG sensors are also presented. They show potential interest to compensate for the thermal sensitivity of the fibre gratings.
Three-Dimensional Structure of Human Serum Albumin (1989)

The three-dimensional structure of human serum albumin has been solved at 6.0 angstrom (A) resolution by the method of multiple isomorphous replacement. Crystals were grown from solutions of polyethylene glycol in the infrequently observed space group P42(1)2 (unit cell constants a = b = 186.5 +/- 0.5 A and c = 81.0 +/- 0.5 A) and diffracted x-rays to lattice d-spacings of less than 2.9 A. The electron density maps are of high quality and revealed the structure as a predominantly alpha-helical globin protein in which the course of the polypeptide can be traced. The binding loci of several organic compounds have been determined.
Role of aromatic amino acids in carbohydrate binding of plant lectins: Laser photo chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization study of hevein domain-containing lectins (1997)

Carbohydrate recognition by lectins often involves the side chains of tyrosine, tryptophan, and histidine residues. These moieties are able to produce chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) signals after laser irradiation in the presence of a suitable radical pair-generating dye. Elicitation of such a response in proteins implies accessibility of the respective groups to the light-absorbing dye. In principle, this technique is suitable to monitor surface properties of a receptor and the effect of ligand binding if CIDNP-reactive amino acids are affected. The application of this method in glycosciences can provide insights into the protein-carbohydrate interaction process, as illustrated in this initial study. It focuses on a series of N-acetylglucosamine-binding plant lectins of increasing structural complexity (hevein, pseudohevein, Urtica dioica agglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin and its domain B), for which structural NMR- or X-ray crystallographic data permit a decision of the validity of the CIDNP method-derived conclusions. On the other hand, the CIDNP data presented in this study can be used for a rating of our molecular models of hevein, pseudohevein, and domain B obtained by various modeling techniques. Experimentally, the shape and intensity of CIDNP signals are determined in the absence and in the presence of specific glycoligands. When the carbohydrate ligand is bound, CIDNP signals of side chain protons of tyrosine, tryptophan, or histidine residues are altered, for example, they are broadened and of reduced intensity or disappear completely. In the case of UDA, the appearance of a new tryptophan signal upon ligand binding was interpreted as an indication for a conformational change of the corresponding indole ring. Therefore, CIDNP represents a suitable tool to study protein-carbohydrate interactions in solution, complementing methods such as X-ray crystallography, high-resolution multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, transferred nuclear Overhauser effect experiments, and molecular modeling.
CO2-Responsive Transcriptional Regulation ofCAH1 Encoding Carbonic Anhydrase Is Mediated by Enhancer and Silencer Regions in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1999)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii adapts to the stress of CO(2)-limiting conditions through the induction of a set of genes including CAH1, which encodes a periplasmic carbonic anhydrase. CAH1 is up-regulated under low-CO(2) conditions (air containing 0.04% [v/v] CO(2)) in the presence of light, whereas it is down-regulated under high-CO(2) conditions (5% [v/v] CO(2)) or in the dark. In an effort to identify cis-elements involved in the transcriptional regulation of CAH1, a series of 5'-nested deletions of the region upstream of CAH1 were fused to a promoterless arylsulfatase reporter gene (ARS). The upstream region from -651 to +41 relative to the transcription start site was sufficient to regulate the expression of ARS with kinetics similar to those of endogenous CAH1. Deletion of the region between -651 and -294 resulted in a significant decrease in the level of arylsulfatase activity expressed under low-CO(2) conditions. The 543-bp upstream region from -651 to -109, without any promoter elements, CAAT-box, or TATA-box, could confer CO(2) and light responsiveness on the beta(2)-tubulin minimal promoter. This 543-bp region was divided into two parts: a 358-bp silencer region from -651 to -294, which represses the minimal promoter activity under high-CO(2) conditions, and a 185-bp enhancer region from -293 to -109, which activates the promoter under low-CO(2) conditions in the presence of light.
Closing the Loop on Bond Selective Chemistry Using Tailored Strong Field Laser Pulses (2002)

Strong field, closed-loop control of gas-phase photochemical reactivity is the focus of this article. The control of chemical reactivity is now possible using tailored laser pulses to circumvent previous laser bandwidth limitations. As an illustration of this capability, ketone rearrangements and dissociation reactions are considered. To introduce the experiments we discuss both optimal control theory (OCT) and optimal control experiments (OCE) with an emphasis on closed-loop control methods using near-infrared fs pulses. Because the experiments are in the strong field regime, we present the current state of the understanding of the electronic and nuclear photophysical processes that occur when polyatomic molecules are subjected to laser intensities ranging between 1013 and 1015 W cm-2. Photoelectron spectroscopy measurements are presented that begin to elucidate the control mechanisms. These delineate the order of the multiphoton process, the presence of transient shifting of excited electronic state energies (on the order of 5 eV), and the phenomena of lifetime broadening of electronic states. Recent experiments probing the energy partitioning to nuclear modes are presented with an emphasis on detecting the final kinetic energy of fragment ions. The advances in laser pulse shaping technology slaved to pattern recognition learning algorithms have opened up the prospect of studying the dynamics and chemical manipulation of virtually any system that can be introduced into the closed-loop apparatus. Rather than operating under the limitation of finding the molecule to suit the laser capabilities, the closed-loop learning control procedure operating in the strong field regime now makes it possible to merely tailor the control laser to meet the molecule's dynamical capabilities in keeping with the chemical objectives. The prospects are very bright for exploring chemical reactivity with these tools.
Identification of Primula fatty acid Δ 6 ‐desaturases with n ‐3 substrate preferences 1 (2003)

Fatty acid Delta(6)-desaturation, the first committed step in C(20) polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, is generally considered not to discriminate between n-3 and n-6 substrates. We previously identified higher plant species that showed preferential Delta(6)-desaturation of n-3 C(18) fatty acid substrates. A polymerase chain reaction-based approach was used to isolate 'front-end' cytochrome b(5) fusion desaturases from Primula vialii Franchet and Primula farinosa L. Functional analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identified fatty acid Delta(6)-desaturases with a strong specificity for the n-3 substrate alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 Delta(9,12,15)). These results indicate that the accumulation of octadecatetraenoic acid (18:4 Delta(6,9,12,15)) in planta is due to the activity of a novel n-3-specific fatty acid Delta(6)-desaturase.
Rapid Detection of Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity in Recombinant Yeast Expressing a Universal Substrate (2002)

Yeast two-hybrid systems are powerful proteomics tools for the discovery of protein-protein interactions. However, these systems are typically unable to detect interactions dependent on post-translational modifications such as tyrosine phosphorylation. We report a novel yeast tribrid system that expresses a potentially universal protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) substrate to detect diverse PTKs. Validation with the oncogenic kinases v-Abl and v-Src, which exhibit divergent substrate specificities, demonstrated significant potential for cloning PTKs en masse from cDNA libraries.
Label-Free Reading of Microarray-Based Immunoassays with Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (2004)

A simple method is presented for patterning of protein antigens at a gold surface for use in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging experiments. Microfluidic devices fabricated from poly(dimethylsiloxane) were used to flow various fluids over a gold substrate in spatially defined channels. This technique was used to pattern the surface chemistry of the gold as well as to adsorb antigens from solution to the modified substrates. The resulting antigen arrays were probed with complementary antibodies in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the patterning for antibody capture experiments. SPR imaging was used to aid in the optimization of array fabrication and to observe the interactions of unlabeled antibodies with these microarrays. This work presents a means of fabricating microarrays with controlled surface density of antigens. SPR imaging provides both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of antibody binding in a label free format.
IL-21 enhancement of rituximab-mediated B cell depletion (2005)

2568 Background: IL-21 is a cytokine produced by activated CD4+ T cells that affects the growth, survival, and activation of several hematopoietic cell types. Because IL-21 augments antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro, we evaluated its effects on rituximab-mediated B cell depletion in vivo. Methods: Four groups of cynomolgus monkeys were injected IV with vehicle, rIL-21 (0.5 mg/kg, Days 1–3, 8–10 and 22–24), rituximab (0.05 mg/kg, Days 1, 8 and 22), or a combination of the two agents. Peripheral B cells were enumerated by flow cytometry using antibodies to CD21, CD40 and CD20. The number and activation state of T cells, NK cells, and monocytes were also characterized. Results: Sub-clinical doses of rituximab reduced the number of circulating B cells to a nadir 70% below baseline within 6 hr of dosing. Treatment with rIL-21 alone initially reduced circulating B cells, T cells and NK cells, followed by a sustained increase and resolution prior to the next dosing cycle. Based on the rapid reversal of lymphopenia and previous observations of lymphoid follicle depletion with rIL-21, this effect was interpreted as transient margination of activated lymphocytes combined with increased recirculation from lymphoid tissues to blood. The increase in peripheral B cells was largely mitigated in animals treated with both rIL-21 and rituximab, and a consistently lower B cell nadir was observed, relative to groups treated with rituximab or rIL-21 alone. These findings suggest that rIL-21 enhanced B cell depletion by rituximab and that many B cells activated by rIL-21 were susceptible to depletion. Changes in other lymphocyte subsets induced by rIL-21 were not altered by rituximab treatment. Increased numbers of NK cells and phagocytic cells expressing FcγRI and FcγIII were also observed with rIL-21 treatment, consistent with enhanced ADCC activity in ex vivo assays (Krejsa, et al., ASCO submitted). Conclusions: Treatment with rIL-21 increased both lymphocytes and ADCC effector cells in circulation. Combined treatment with rituximab and rIL-21 resulted in depletion of greater numbers of B cells compared to rituximab alone. Thus, rIL-21 may potentially improve rituximab efficacy through dual actions of enhanced ADCC and B cell depletion in lymphoid tissues. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ZymoGenetics ZymoGenetics
Association of tumor necrosis factor- gene polymorphisms with advanced stage endometriosis (2008)

Our results suggest that the genotype frequencies at the TNF:g.[-1031T > C] and the TNF:g.[-863C > A] sites may be associated with advanced stage endometriosis in the Korean population.
Identification of Glutamate Receptors and Transporters in Mouse and Human Sperm (2004)

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) are considered as the predominant inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in mammalian central nervous systems (CNS), respectively. The presence of the GABA system and metabotropic glutamate receptors in sperm prompted us to explore the existence of ionotropic glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters in sperm. Immunofluorescent analysis was used to investigate the existence and location of glutamate, glutamate receptor (NR2B), and glutamate transporter (GLT1) in mouse and human sperm. Our present results showed that NR2B was located in the midpiece of sperm, whereas GLT1 mainly existed in the head. Moreover, glutamate uptake activity was detected in mouse sperm and it could be blocked by dihydrokainic acid (DHK, GLT1-selective inhibitor) and DL-threo-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid (THA, nonselective inhibitor). In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique and sequencing analysis revealed that glutamate transporters (GLT1 and EAAC1) and ionotropic glutamate receptors (NR1, NR2B, GluR6, and KA2) existed in mouse sperm as well as in human sperm. The present findings are the first direct evidence for the existence of ionotropic glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters in sperm. It also indicates that, in sperm, glutamate receptors and transporters might have functions other than neurotransmission.