gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and characterization of anti-renal cell carcinoma x antichelate bispecific monoclonal antibodies for two-phase targeting of renal cell carcinoma. (1995)

To test a two-step approach for radioimmunotargeting of renal cell cancer, quadroma cells secreting antichelate x anti-renal cell carcinoma bispecific antibodies were obtained by somatic cell fusion. Five monoclonal antibodies against the chelate 1,4,7-triazaheptane-N,N',N"-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) were produced and characterized. Competitive binding assays indicated that the anti-DTPA antibodies reacted with DTPA chelated with indium, yttrium, chromium, iron, or zinc. The affinity constants of the anti-DTPA antibodies for 111In-DTPA ranged from 0.19 to 0.23 nM-1. Using different chelates, a remarkable chelate specificity of the anti-DTPA antibodies was demonstrated. The chelates recognized by the antibodies DTIn1, DTIn2, and DTIn4 share a N(N")-diacetic acid group, whereas the chelates recognized by DTIn3 share a N'-acetic acid group, suggesting the presence of different essential structures within the DTPA molecule that determine the reactivity of the antibodies. Five anti-DTPA antibody-producing hybridomas were used for somatic cell fusion with hybridoma G250 directed against renal cell carcinoma, resulting in three bispecific antibody-producing quadroma cell lines. The bispecific monoclonal antibodies were purified from ascites fluid using protein A affinity chromatography followed by hydroxylapatite chromatography and/or cation exchange chromatography. Of the total IgG amount present in the ascites fluid, 10-15% represented the bispecific antibodies. These bispecific antibodies will allow testing and optimization of a two-step approach for radioimmunotargeting of chelated radionuclides.
Vertical‐scanning mutagenesis of amino acids in a model N‐myristoylation motif reveals the major amino‐terminal sequence requirements for protein N‐myristoylation (2004)

In order to determine the amino-terminal sequence requirements for protein N-myristoylation, site-directed mutagenesis of the N-terminal region was performed using tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mutants as model substrate proteins. Subsequently, the susceptibility of these mutants to protein N-myristoylation was evaluated by metabolic labeling in an in vitro translation system using rabbit reticulocyte lysate. A TNF mutant having the sequence MGAAAAAAAA at its N-terminus was used as the starting sequence to identify elements critical for protein N-myristoylation. Sequential vertical-scanning mutagenesis of amino acids at a distinct position in this model N-terminal sequence revealed the major sequence requirements for protein N-myristoylation: the combination of amino acids at position 3 and 6 constitutes a major determinant for the susceptibility to protein N-myristoylation. When Ser was located at position 6, 11 amino acids (Gly, Ala, Ser, Cys, Thr, Val, Asn, Leu, Ile, Gln, His) were permitted at position 3 to direct efficient protein N-myristoylation. In this case, the presence of Lys at position 7 was found to affect the amino acid requirement at position 3 and Lys became permitted at this position. When Ser was not located at position 6, only 3 amino acids (Ala, Asn, Gln) were permitted at position 3 to direct efficient protein N-myristoylation. The amino acid requirements found in this study were fully consistent with the N-terminal sequence of 78 N-myristoylated proteins in which N-myristoylation was experimentally verified. These observations strongly indicate that the combination of amino acids at position 3, 6 and 7 is a major determinant for protein N-myristoylation.
Synthesis of Functional Polymer Brushes Containing Carbohydrate Residues in the Pyranose Form and Their Specific and Nonspecific Interactions with Proteins (2010)

Three novel N-substituted acrylamide monomers containing different carbohydrate residues, 2'-acrylamidoethyl-α-d-mannopyranoside, 2'-acrylamidoethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, and 2'-acrylamidoethyl-β-d-galactopyranoside, in the pyranose form were synthesized. The corresponding glycopolymer brushes were prepared on silicon substrates by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) using unprotected glycomonomers. The formation of glycopolymer brushes was well-characterized using ellipsometry, ATR-FTIR, water contact angle analysis, atomic force microscopy analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effects of halogen, ligand, and solvent on the polymerization were thoroughly investigated. It was shown that CuCl/CuCl2/tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me6TREN) catalytic system with an optimized ratio of Cu(I)/Cu(II) produced glycopolymer with high molecular weight (Mn = 44-140 kDa) and relatively narrow molecular weight distribution (PDI = 1.4). The dry thickness of resulting glycopolymer brushes (10-36 nm) showed a proportional relationship with the molecular weight of free polymer generated in the solution. The grafting densities of obtained glycopolymer brushes were between 0.12 and 0.17 chains/nm(2). The grafting of glycopolymer resulted in highly hydrophilic surface layer with very low water contact angles (<10°). The glycopolymer brushes showed ultralow protein adsorption from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibrinogen (Fb) solutions. Glycopolymer brushes containing glucose units showed relatively better protection against BSA and Fb adsorption than those brushes containing mannose and galactose units. Synthesized glycopolymer brushes retained specific protein interactions, as evident from the interaction with Concanavalin A (Con A). The interaction of surface-grafted glycopolymer brushes with Con A depended on both the stereochemistry of carbohydrate units and the chemical structures present. In addition, the newly synthesized glycopolymer brushes performed significantly better in comparison with currently available structures in terms of specific protein interactions.
Size Control of Monodispersed Pt Nanoparticles and Their 2D Organization by Electrophoretic Deposition (1999)

We describe a simple method to control the size of Pt nanoparticles with the use of an alcohol reduction. They then are assembled on the electrode by an electrophoretic deposition. The mean diameter of monodispersed Pt nanoparticles can be controlled from 19 to 33 Å in one-step reaction by changing the kind and/or the concentration of alcohol in water and the amount of protective polymer, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP). The monodispersed Pt nanoparticles of smaller diameter are obtained in the order of methanol > ethanol > 1-propanol, indicating that a faster reduction rate of [PtCl6]2- ions is an important factor to produce the smaller particles. The particle diameter decreases linearly with concentration of alcohol in water. Furthermore, increasing the amount of PVP makes the size of Pt nanoparticles smaller, the size distribution remaining quite narrow. By the combination of the one-step reaction with the stepwise growth reaction, Pt nanoparticles of arbitrary diameter in the range 19−50 Å can be obtained. The Pt nanoparticles obtained here have fcc structures such as bulk Pt. By using an electrophoretic deposition, more Pt nanoparticles move toward the anode with the increase of both the applied voltage and the electrophoretic time to form the Pt nanoparticle monolayer. Using the high concentration of Pt dispersion is effective to form the Pt nanoparticle monolayer.
Physical planning with retiming (2000)

In this paper, we propose a unified approach to partitioning, floorplanning, and retiming for effective and efficient performance optimization. The integration enables the partitioner to exploit more realistic geometric delay model provided by the underlying floorplan. Simultaneous consideration of partitioning and retiming under the geometric delay model enables us to hide global interconnect latency effectively by repositioning FF along long wires. Under the proposed geometric embedding based performance driven partitioning problem, our GEO algorithm performs multi-level top-down partitioning while determining the location of the partitions. We adopt the concept of sequential arrival time [14] and develop sequential required time in our retiming based timing analysis engine. GEO performs cluster-move based iterative improvement on top of multi-level cluster hierarchy [4], where the gain function obtained from the timing analysis is based on the minimization of cutsize, wirelength, and sequential slack. In our comparison to (i) state-of-the-art partitioner hMetis [9] followed by retiming [11] and simulated annealing based slicing floorplanning [15], and (ii) state-of-the-art simultaneous partitioning with retiming HPM [7] followed by floorplanning [15], GEO obtains 35% and 23% better delay results while maintaining comparable cutsize, wirelength, and runtime results.
Human cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Relative frequency of stage-specific CTL recognizing the 72-kD immediate early protein and glycoprotein B expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. (1988)

CTL are held to be an important host defense mechanism in persistent herpes-virus infections. We have therefore studied the nature and specificity of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific CTL in normal persistently infected individuals. This was achieved by using vaccinia recombinants encoding viral genes expressed at different stages of the virus replicative cycle, a structural glycoprotein gB (vac.gB) and the major 72-kD immediate early nonstructural protein (vac.IE) of HCMV, combined with limiting dilution analysis of the CTL response. In two subjects, 43 and 58% of HCMV CTL precursors (CTLp) lysed vac.IE-infected cells, in contrast to less than 6% lysing gB-infected cells. HCMV-specific CTL could also be generated by secondary in vitro stimulation with vac.gB- but not vac.IE-infected autologous fibroblasts. The high frequency of 72-kD IE protein-specific CTL suggests that this is at least a major recognition element for the HCMV-specific CTL response in asymptomatic persistently infected individuals, and CTL with this specificity may be important in maintaining the normal virus/host equilibrium.
Integrative Genomic Analyses of Sporadic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Define Disease Subtypes and Potential New Therapeutic Targets (2011)

Sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common type of adult kidney cancer, is often associated with genomic copy number aberrations on chromosomes 3p and 5q. Aberrations on chromosome 3p are associated with inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene von-Hippel Lindau (VHL), which activates the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF1α and HIF2α. In contrast, ccRCC genes on chromosome 5q remain to be defined. In this study, we conducted an integrated analysis of high-density copy number and gene expression data for 54 sporadic ccRCC tumors that identified the secreted glycoprotein STC2 (stanniocalcin 2) and the proteoglycan VCAN (versican) as potential 5q oncogenes in ccRCCs. In functional assays, STC2 and VCAN each promoted tumorigenesis by inhibiting cell death. Using the same approach, we also investigated the two VHL-deficient subtypes of ccRCC, which express both HIF1α and HIF2α (H1H2) or only HIF2α (H2). This analysis revealed a distinct pattern of genomic aberrations in each group, with the H1H2 group displaying, on average, a more aberrant genome than the H2 group. Together our findings provide a significant advance in understanding ccRCCs by offering a molecular definition of two subtypes with distinct characteristics as well as two potential chromosome 5q oncogenes, the overexpression of which is sufficient to promote tumorigenesis by limiting cell death.
Comments on "Design Issues in CMOS Differential Oscillators" (2000)

The phase noise difference reported in the above paper appears to have a topological cause, and a simple analysis shows that the difference is 6 dB under otherwise identical conditions.
Log-linear model combination with word-dependent scaling factors (2009)

Log-linear model combination is the standard approach in LVCSR to combine several knowledge sources, usually an acoustic and a language model.Instead of using a single scaling factor per knowledge source, we make the scaling factor wordand pronunciation-dependent.In this work, we combine three acoustic models, a pronunciation model, and a language model for a Mandarin BN/BC task.The achieved error rate reduction of 2% relative is small but consistent for two test sets.An analysis of the results shows that the major contribution comes from the improved interdependency of language and acoustic model.
Toward wearable social networking with iBand (2005)

The iBand is a wearable bracelet-like device that exchanges information about its users and their relationships. This exchange happens during the common gesture of the handshake, which is detected by the device. As such, iBand seeks to explore potential applications at the intersection of social networking and ubiquitous computing. In this paper, we discuss the iBand technology and feedback from an initial study in which 11 devices were used at two different social networking events. The results suggest that control over personal information is an ongoing issue, but they also highlight the possibility for wearable devices to enable the creation of a set of invented techno-gestures with different affordances and constraints that might be more appropriate for certain social interaction applications.
Visual attention detection in video sequences using spatiotemporal cues (2006)

Human vision system actively seeks interesting regions in images to reduce the search effort in tasks, such as object detection and recognition. Similarly, prominent actions in video sequences are more likely to attract our first sight than their surrounding neighbors. In this paper, we propose a spatiotemporal video attention detection technique for detecting the attended regions that correspond to both interesting objects and actions in video sequences. Both spatial and temporal saliency maps are constructed and further fused in a dynamic fashion to produce the overall spatiotemporal attention model. In the temporal attention model, motion contrast is computed based on the planar motions (homography) between images, which is estimated by applying RANSAC on point correspondences in the scene. To compensate the non-uniformity of spatial distribution of interest-points, spanning areas of motion segments are incorporated in the motion contrast computation. In the spatial attention model, a fast method for computing pixel-level saliency maps has been developed using color histograms of images. A hierarchical spatial attention representation is established to reveal the interesting points in images as well as the interesting regions. Finally, a dynamic fusion technique is applied to combine both the temporal and spatial saliency maps, where temporal attention is dominant over the spatial model when large motion contrast exists, and vice versa. The proposed spatiotemporal attention framework has been applied on over 20 testing video sequences, and attended regions are detected to highlight interesting objects and motions present in the sequences with very high user satisfaction rate.
Encoding and Analyzing Aerial Imagery Using Geospatial Semantic Graphs (2014)

While collection capabilities have yielded an ever-increasing volume of aerial imagery, analytic techniques for identifying patterns in and extracting relevant information from this data have seriously lagged. The vast majority of imagery is never examined, due to a combination of the limited bandwidth of human analysts and limitations of existing analysis tools. In this report, we describe an alternative, novel approach to both encoding and analyzing aerial imagery, using the concept of a geospatial semantic graph. The advantages of our approach are twofold. First, intuitive templates can be easily specified in terms of the domain language in which an analyst converses. These templates can be used to automatically and efficiently search large graph databases, for specific patterns of interest. Second, unsupervised machine learning techniques can be applied to automatically identify patterns in the graph databases, exposing recurring motifs in imagery. We illustrate our approach using real-world data for Anne Arundel County, Maryland, and compare the performance of our approach to that of an expert human analyst.
Cloning and sequence analysis of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. (1988)

We have isolated and sequenced cDNA clones encoding the entire sequence of the bovine cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. The deduced 2499-amino acid precursor has a calculated molecular mass of 275 kDa. Analysis of the sequence indicates that the protein has a 44-residue amino-terminal signal sequence, a 2269-residue extracytoplasmic region, a single 23-residue transmembrane region, and a 163-residue carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic region. The extra-cytoplasmic region consists of 15 contiguous repeating domains, one of which contains a 43-residue insertion that is similar to the type II repeat of fibronectin. The 15 domains have an average size of 147 amino acids and a distinctive pattern of 8 cysteine residues. Alignment of the 15 domains and the extracytoplasmic domain of the cation-dependent mannose 6-phosphate receptor shows that all have sequence similarities and suggests that all are homologous.
Asymmetric synthesis of 2,6-diamino-6-(hydroxymethyl)pimelic acid: assignment of stereochemistry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric synthesis of 2,6-diamino-6-(hydroxymethyl)pimelic acid: assignment of stereochemistryRobert M. Williams, Myeong Nyeo Im, and Jianhua CaoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 18, 6976–6981Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00018a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00018a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of a monoclonal anti‐β2‐microglobulin antibody and its use in the genetic and biochemical analysis of major histocompatibility antigens (1979)

A monoclonal anti-beta 2-microglobulin (BBM.1 antibody) was produced by cell fusion between the mouse myeloma, P3-X63-Ag8, and spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse immunized with Molt 4, a human T cell line. BBM.1 antibody was fully inhibited by soluble beta 2-microglobulin and purified HLA-A, B antigens and reacted with human-mouse somatic cell hybrids only if they had chromosome 15 and expressed human beta 2-microglobulin. It was cytotoxic in complement-dependent lysis and of the IgG class. BBM.1 and a monoclonal anti-HLA-A, B, C glycoprotein antibody, W6/32 (Barnstable, C. J. et al., Cell 1978. 14:9.), were used to quantitate relative amounts of beta 2-microglobulin and HLA-A, B, C glycoproteins on different human cell types. Thymocytes and the Molt 4 cell line showed a considerable excess of beta 2-microglobulin over HLA-A, B, C glycoproteins, as measured by W6/32 reactivity. B cell lines, peripheral blood lymphocytes, fibroblasts, a HeLa cell derivative, and HSB2, another T cell line, had equal amounts. Immunological cross-reactions between HLA-A, B, C antigens and beta 2-microglobulin and their homologues in other species were detected with the BBM.1 and W6/32 antibodies. The W6/32 antigenic determinant appears to be more highly conserved than that recognized by the BBM.1 antibody.
N,O‐bisFmoc derivatives of N‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzyl)‐amino acids: Useful intermediates in peptide synthesis (1995)

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl-amino acid residues inhibit interchain association in solid phase peptide synthesis. They are easily introduced through their N,O-bisFmoc derivatives. Preparation of a range of these derivatives is described.
Circuitry for artificial neural networks with non-volatile analog memories (2003)

The design and fabrication of a nonvolatile MOS analog memory (MAM) cell, which is a critical component for the implementation of a neural network chip, is reported. Incorporated in the memory is a novel four-quadrant multiplier which allows either positive or negative stored values and combines the readout with a multiplication with the input signal. Background on artificial neural networks is briefly given, along with a description of how the properties of the memory cell fit in with an integrated circuit implementation. Modified learning algorithms that have been tailored toward VLSI implementation are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A global map of the Leishmania major genome: prelude to genomic sequencing (1997)

In 1994, the World Health Organization (TDR) launched a new strategic initiative in parasite genome analysis, establishing international genome networks for filariae, Schistosoma, Leishmania, Trypanosoma brucei and T. cruzi. For Leishmania, a number of different but complementary approaches have been adopted by members of the Leishmania Genome Network. Our laboratory has been using cosmid clone fingerprinting to produce a physical map of the genome. Progress towards the completion of an integrated physical and biological map of L. major, and the preparations for genomic sequencing, are described.