gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Molecular Link between the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and the Long-QT Syndrome (2000)

The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains the leading cause of death in the first year of life and has a devastating impact on the affected families.1–4 Despite the fact that there have been many hypotheses,3,4 the cause or causes of SIDS are still uncertain; as a consequence, the only preventive measure recommended is to avoid having infants sleep in a prone position.5 In 1998, we reported the results of a 19-year prospective study of more than 34,000 infants who underwent electrocardiography on the third or fourth day of life.6 We tested the hypothesis7,8 that the congenital . . .
Topiramate as add‐on treatment for patients with bipolar mania (1999)

Topiramate appears to have efficacy for the manic and mixed phases of bipolar illness. Other preliminary data suggest antidepressant efficacy too. Among obese bipolar subjects, the weight loss potential of topiramate may be beneficial. If controlled trials confirm these initial results, topiramate may be a significant addition to the available treatments for bipolar disorder.
Measurements of pulsed-power modulated argon plasmas in an inductively coupled plasma source (1996)

The behavior of pulsed-power (square wave) modulated argon plasmas generated by an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source is experimentally investigated. The apparatus is an ICP source with a flat coil geometry equipped with a cylindrical Langmuir probe on the axis of the cylindrical chamber. The evolution of the plasma density is determined from the wave forms of ion saturation currents. The rise and fall of the density had a time scale of a few tens of microseconds. The time average plasma density is also measured as a function of pulse frequency and duty ratio, holding the average absorbed power constant. When the plasma is modulated, the density is larger than that for a continuous wave excitation of the same average power. Larger densities are obtained for smaller duty ratios. The density increases monotonically as the period is decreased down to 100 μs. This agrees qualitatively with the modeling result, which accounts for the higher density by the difference of time scales for the generation and the loss of charged particles. The results for electron temperature measurements also show good agreement with the model quantitatively during the pulse ‘‘on’’ times. If the period is long enough, it is found that the electron temperature rises abruptly at the initial stage of power application, in agreement with the calculation.
Indication for Anterior Temporal Lobectomy in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychopathology (2000)

The chronicity and severity of epilepsy, as well as the presence of temporal lobe toci, appear to correlate with psychopathology. A high prevalence of psychopathology has been reported among patients who are candidates for anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL). A review of the literature indicates that episodic psychosis may diminish when patients become free of seizures after surgery and that chronic psychosis neither improves notr worsens after ATL. If this is the case, patients with episodic psychosis may benefit from ATL. Patients with chronic psychosis may benefit if they become free from seizures after the operation, even if the psychosis persists. Case reports of maladjustment to seizure-free life after surgery, and de novo psychopathology, underline the importance of preoperative psychiatric evaluation and postoperative psychiatric intervention in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. Although there is a need for each epilepsy center to state its policy with regard to patients with psychopathology who undergo epilepsy surgery, it would be unwise to make a decision on whether to reject a patient simply on the grounds of psychosis. A detailed psychiatric evaluation of each individual patient is required.
Analytic assessment of the various bioimpedance methods used to estimate body water (1998)

Knowledge of patient fluid distribution would be useful clinically. Both single-frequency (SF) and impedance modeling approaches are proposed. The high intercorrelation between body water compartments makes determining the best approach difficult. This study was conducted to evaluate the merits of an SF approach. Mathematical simulation was performed to determine the effect of tissue change on resistance and reactance. Dilution results were reanalyzed, and resistance and parallel reactance were used to predict the intracellular water for two groups. Results indicated that the amount of intracellular and extracellular water conduction at any SF can vary with tissue change, and reactance at any SF is affected by all tissue parameters. Modeling provided a good prediction of dilution intracellular and extracellular water, but an SF method did not. Intracellular, extracellular, and total body water were equally predicted at all frequencies by SF resistance and parallel reactance. Extracellular and intracellular water are best measured through modeling, because only at the zero and infinite frequencies are the results sensitive only to extracellular and intracellular water. At all other frequencies there are other effects.
Hepatic HCV RNA before and after treatment with interferon alone or combined with ribavirin (2002)

The clinical use of measuring hepatic hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA before and after therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C has been assessed in a number of small clinical trials. Viral clearance from the liver may be a better marker of long-term response than eradication of serum HCV RNA. The aim of this study was to evaluate quantitative hepatic HCV-RNA measurements before and after antiviral therapy. Two thousand eighty-nine chronic hepatitis C patients were enrolled in 3 published clinical trials evaluating interferon alfa-2b alone or with ribavirin either as initial therapy or for interferon relapse. Hepatic HCV-RNA quantitation was performed with a modified reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before and 24 weeks after therapy in 951 and 1,316 patients, respectively. Pretherapy hepatic HCV-RNA concentrations correlated best with serum HCV-RNA concentrations (R =.236, P =.0001) and negatively correlated with alanine transaminase (ALT) values (-0.178, P =.0001), duration of infection (-0.09, P =.02), parenchymal injury (-0.135, P =.0001), histologic activity index (HAI) inflammatory score (-0.085, P =.01), Knodell fibrosis score (-0.072, P =.03), and body weight (-0.078, P =.02). In paired liver biopsy specimens (n = 534), change in hepatic HCV RNA correlated with the change in the HAI (R =.346, P =.0001). Of 400 sustained virologic responders (SVR), 393 (98%) had undetectable hepatic HCV RNA, whereas 7 (2%) had detectable hepatic HCV RNA; 5 have been followed and 2 have had reappearance of serum HCV RNA 12 months after therapy. In conclusion, measurement of hepatic HCV RNA before or after therapy reflects changes observed in serum HCV RNA, and correlates inversely with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, but otherwise has minimal clinical use.
The mechanism of local tumor irradiation combined with interleukin 2 therapy in murine renal carcinoma: histological evaluation of pulmonary metastases. (1996)

We have demonstrated that tumor irradiation enhanced the therapeutic effect of interleukin 2 (IL-2) on pulmonary metastases from a murine renal adenocarcinoma, Renca. To investigate the mechanism of interaction between tumor irradiation and IL-2 therapy, we have histologically evaluated the effects of each therapy alone or in combination on Renca pulmonary metastases. Following treatment of established lung metastases with irradiation and IL-2 therapy, lung sections were processed for H&E or immunohistochemical staining. We found that tumor irradiation or IL-2 therapy locally induced vascular damage, resulting in multifocal hemorrhages and mononuclear cell mobilization in the lung tissue. This effect was amplified in lungs treated with the combined therapy. Immunohistochemistry showed that irradiation produced a macrophage influx into irradiated tumor nodules, and systemic IL-2 therapy induced T-cell infiltration in tumor nodules. Lungs treated with the combined therapy exhibited massive macrophage, T-cell, and natural killer cell mobilization in disintegrating tumor nodules and in the lung tissue. This combined therapy caused a decrease in the number of proliferating tumor cells and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, which were more marked than with either therapy alone. We suggest that the macrophages mobilized by radiation-induced tissue injury could play a role in phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells, processing and presenting of tumor antigens for a systemic immune response activated by IL-2. Tumor destruction may result from the concomitant action of activated T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages infiltrating the tumor nodules.
A Real-Time Stereo Matching Hardware Architecture Based on the AD-Census (2013)

In this paper, we propose a new stereo matching hardware architecture based on the AD-Census stereo matching algorithm that produces accurate disparity map. The proposed stereo matching hardware architecture is fully pipelined and processes images with disparity level parallelism in real time. Also, it uses modulo memory addressing methods for reducing the size of memory and the usage of hardware resource. The proposed architecture is perfectly synchronized with the input camera clock for real-time performance. Its maximum clock frequency is 197 MHz when it is implemented in an FPGA device.
Therapeutic antisense and ribozymes (1995)

The regulation of expression of genetic information by complementary pairing of sense and antisense nucleic acid strands has been termed 'antisense', and is a mechanism used throughout nature to regulate gene expression. It is now possible to design antisense DNA oligonucleotides, or catalytic antisense RNAs (ribozymes) which can pair with and functionally inhibit the expression of any single stranded nucleic acid in a sequence specific fashion. This high degree of specificity has made them attractive candidates for therapeutic agents. These molecules have the potential for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The recent development of retroviral as well as other viral and non-viral based delivery schemes make the clinical use of these molecules a virtual certainty.
An IL-2-Dependent Switch Between CD95 Signaling Pathways Sensitizes Primary Human T Cells Toward CD95-Mediated Activation-Induced Cell Death (2003)

The CD95 (APO-1/Fas) system plays a critical role in activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T cells. We previously described two distinct CD95 (APO-1/Fas) signaling pathways: 1) type I cells show strong death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formation and mitochondria-independent apoptosis and 2) DISC formation is reduced in type II cells, leading to mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. To investigate the relevance of these pathways, we set up an in vitro model that mimics the initiation and the down phase of an immune response, respectively. Freshly activated human T cells (initiation) are resistant toward CD95-mediated AICD despite high expression of CD95. We previously reported that these T cells show reduced DISC formation. In this study, we show that freshly activated T cells are CD95-type II cells that show high expression levels of Bcl-x(L) and display a block in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, we show that, upon prolonged culture (down phase), human T cells undergo a switch from type II to type I cells that renders T cells sensitive to CD95-mediated AICD. Finally, we demonstrate that this switch is dependent on the presence of IL-2. Our observations reveal for the first time that the existence of coexisting CD95 signaling pathways is of physiological relevance.
Upgrade of passive optical subscriber network (1991)

An upgrade method is described for a two-way broadband service transmission of a previously proposed passive optical subscriber network (PASS-NET) PASS-NET uses optical frequency division multiplex/time-division multiplex (OFDM/TDM) techniques for downstream transmission and time division multiple access (TDMA) for upstream. Fundamental experiments for downstream transmission to two subscribers are executed to demonstrate the possibility of the upgrade method. Two wavelengths emitted by a distributed Bragg reflector-laser diode (DBR-LD) tunable laser with a 5-GHz (0.04-nm) space between them are directly intensity modulated at 32 Mb/s. Each wave transmits narrowband service to each subscriber. The third wavelength emitted by another DBR-LD tunable laser with an 11-nm separation from the two wavelengths is directly intensity modulated at 100 Mb/s and overlaid.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Signal transduction in T lymphocytes using a conditional allele of Sos. (1995)

While Ras activation has been shown to play an important role in signal transduction by the T-lymphocyte antigen receptor, the mechanism of its activation in T cells is unclear. Membrane localization of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos, but not Vav or Dbl, was sufficient for Ras-mediated signaling in T lymphocytes. Activation of Sos appears to involve membrane recruitment and not allosteric changes, because interaction of Sos with the linking molecule Grb-2 was not required for Ras activation. To extend this analysis, we constructed a modified Sos that could be localized to the membrane inducibly by using a rationally designed chemical inducer of dimerization, FK1012. The role of Grb-2 in signaling was mimicked with this technique, which induced the association of a modified Sos with the membrane, resulting in rapid activation of Ras-induced signaling. In contrast, inducible localization of Grb-2 to the membrane did not activate signaling and suggests that the interaction of Grb-2 with Sos in T cells is subject to regulation. This conditional allele of Sos demonstrates that membrane localization of Sos is sufficient for Ras activation in T cells and indicates that the role of Grb-2 is to realize the biologic advantages of linker-mediated dimerization: enhanced specificity and favorable kinetics for signaling. This method of generating conditional alleles may also be useful in dissecting other signal transduction pathways regulated by protein localization or protein-protein interactions.
Bispecific antibodies for the treatment of tumours and infectious diseases (1997)

Bispecific antibodies are in clinical and preclinical development for the treatment of various cancers and life-threatening infectious diseases. Designed to direct and enhance the body's immune response to specific tumours and pathogens, bispecific antibodies have shown promising results in Phase I and Phase II clinical trials, leading in some cases to complete or partial responses in cancer patients. These bispecific antibodies consist of a 'targeting' domain, typically a fragment of a monoclonal antibody that binds to a tumour, linked to a 'triggering' arm that is specific for a molecule capable of mediating a phagocytic or lytic response by macrophages, natural killer cells, T-cells or other effector cells. By mediating an immune assault on tumours or pathogens, bispecific antibodies may also lead to antigen presentation and a vaccine-like response in patients. Over the next few years, we expect several bispecific antibodies to enter the late stages of clinical trials and ultimately emerge as new pharmaceutical products.
Plasmid pGA1 from Corynebacterium glutamicum codes for a gene product that positively influences plasmid copy number (1997)

The complete nucleotide sequence (4,826 bp) of the cryptic plasmid pGA1 from Corynebacterium glutamicum was determined. DNA sequence analysis revealed four putative coding regions (open reading frame A [ORFA], ORFA2, ORFB, and ORFC). ORFC was identified as a rep gene coding for an initiator of plasmid replication (Rep) according to the high level of homology of its deduced amino acid sequence with the Rep proteins of plasmids pSR1 (from C. glutamicum) and pNG2 (from Corynebacterium diphtheriae). This function was confirmed by deletion mapping of the minimal replicon of pGA1 (1.7 kb) which contains only ORFC. Deletion derivatives of pGA1 devoid of ORFA exhibited significant decreases in the copy number in C. glutamicum cells and displayed segregational instability. Introduction of ORFA in trans into the cells harboring these deletion plasmids dramatically increased their copy number and segregational stability. The ORFA gene product thus positively influences plasmid copy number. This is the first report on such activity associated with a nonintegrating bacterial plasmid. The related plasmids pGA1, pSR1, and pNG2 lacking significant homology with any other plasmid seem to be representatives of a new group of plasmids replicating in the rolling-circle mode.
Synthetic surfactant. (1993)

The mortality reductions after prophylactic and rescue use of synthetic and animal surfactants are identical, so the critical issue in surfactant replacement is safety, not efficacy. Synthetic surfactant has been shown to reduce both BPD and IVH, whereas animal surfactants have not. The reduction in the former may be related to synthetic surfactant's more sustained effect on lung function, and the reduction in the latter may be due to synthetic surfactant's slower onset of action. Synthetic surfactant carries no known antigenic or infectious risks, and does not increase the incidence of sepsis. For these reasons, synthetic surfactant is a particularly attractive therapeutic option for premature infants in need of surfactant replacement.
Antigens on HTLV-Infected Cells Recognized by Leukemia and AIDS Sera Are Related to HTLV Viral Glycoprotein (1984)

Cross-reactive antigens of molecular size of 61,000 to 68,000 daltons are found on the surface of human cells infected by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV). They are recognized by antibodies from patients with adult T-cell leukemias and lymphomas, from healthy carriers of HTLV, and from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The latter finding has been one of the major reasons for suggesting an association of HTLV with AIDS. However, whether these antigens are of cellular or viral origin has not been clear. These antigens have now been shown to be associated with the presence of viral proteins in the cells, and a cross-reactive glycoprotein of molecular size of 46,000 daltons has been found to be a consistent structural part of viruses purified from several HTLV-producer cell lines. The findings thus suggest a viral (HTLV) origin of these antigens.
Figurilla Antropomorfa Vaccea de Barro (2010)

El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer una figurilla de barro antropomorfa hallada en el enclave vacceo de Cauca (Coca, Segovia). Apareció hace unos años entre fragmentos de adobes que se cocieron por causa de unincendio y entre los que se encontraban abundantes restos cerámicos. Posiblemente se trate de un exvoto o un oficiante, más que de un juguete infantil, aunque no sabemos si masculino o femenino porque carece de indicaciones sexuales. Su cronología podría situarse en los siglos II-I a. C.PALABRAS CLAVE: Figura de barro, Religiosidad, Edad del Hierro, Vacceos, Cauca, provincia de Segovia, España.AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a human clay figure found in the vaccaean city of Cauca (Coca, Segovia). Was recuperated with sun-dried bricks belonging to a vaccaean edification and many fragments of wheel-turned pottery. Posibly it´s an ex-voto or a priest, rather that a toy, because there are various figurines like this founds in iberic sanctuaries of the south and east of Iberian Peninsula. On the other side, there are no representation of sexual details and by this reason we don’t know if is a female figure or a man figure. About the chronology, perhaps was in use in 2nd or 1st century B.C.KEY WORDS: Clay figure, Religion, Iron Age, Vaccaean peoples, city of Cauca, Segovia province, Spain.
In vivo studies of cysteine metabolism. Use of D-cysteinesulfinate, a novel cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase inhibitor, to probe taurine and pyruvate synthesis. (1988)

Although several pathways contribute to the catabolism of L-cysteine, the products formed are few--taurine + CO2 and pyruvate + ammonia + sulfate. L-Cysteinesulfinate is a key intermediate that is either decarboxylated to ultimately yield taurine or transaminated to yield pyruvate. There is strong evidence that pyruvate is also formed by several cysteinesulfinate-independent pathways collectively referred to as "cysteine desulfhydrase." The quantitative importance of cysteinesulfinate-independent pathways of taurine synthesis is less clear, but it has been suggested that taurine synthesis from the cysteamine released during phosphopantetheine and CoASH turnover accounts for the high taurine content of tissues with very low levels of cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activity (e.g. skeletal muscle and heart). In the present studies, the metabolic flux through each of these pathways was quantitated in vivo by monitoring the formation of respiratory 14CO2 in mice administered L-[1-14C]- or L-[3-14C]cyst(e)ine. Mice given 0.05 mmol/kg of L-cystine or 0.5 or 2.5 mmol/kg of L-cysteine catabolize 35, 51, and 72% of the dose, respectively, in 6 h; the relative contribution of taurine synthesis to total catabolism decreases from 63 to 51 to 42% as the L-cyst(e)ine dose is increased. To evaluate the role of L-cysteinesulfinate in taurine synthesis, D-cysteinesulfinate was characterized and used as a metabolism-resistant, potent, and specific inhibitor of cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase. Studies with L-[1-14C]- and L-[3-14C]cysteine in the presence of inhibitor indicate that 85-93% of taurine synthesis occurs from L-cysteinesulfinate: the calculated contribution of the phosphopantetheine pathway is small and may approximate zero. L-Cysteinesulfinate transmamination accounts for 25% of pyruvate synthesis from L-[14C]cystine (0.05 mmol/kg) but only 11% of pyruvate synthesis from L-[14C]cysteine (2.5 mmol/kg). Cysteine desulfhydrase reactions account for most of the pyruvate synthesis.
GenBank (1999)

The GenBank (Registered Trademark symbol) sequence database incorporates DNA sequences from all available public sources, primarily through the direct submission of sequence data from individual laboratories and from large-scale sequencing projects. Most submitters use the BankIt (Web) or Sequin programs to format and send sequence data. Data exchange with the EMBL Data Library and the DNA Data Bank of Japan helps ensure comprehensive worldwide coverage. GenBank data is accessible through NCBI's integrated retrieval system, Entrez, which integrates data from the major DNA and protein sequence databases along with taxonomy, genome and protein structure information. MEDLINE (Registered Trademark symbol) s from published articles describing the sequences are included as an additional source of biological annotation through the PubMed search system. Sequence similarity searching is offered through the BLAST series of database search programs. In addition to FTP, Email, and server/client versions of Entrez and BLAST, NCBI offers a wide range of World Wide Web retrieval and analysis services based on GenBank data. The GenBank database and related resources are freely accessible via the URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
GETTING SERIOUS ON PRICING (1994)

SUBTITLE: DEMAND FOR LOWER AIR FARES AND COMPETITION ARE FORCING AIRLINES TO RETHINK EVERY PIECE OF THE BUSINESS.