gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA vaccine against oncogenic hamster cells transformed by HPV16 E6/E7 oncogenes and the activated ras oncogene. (1999)

The capability of DNA to elicit anti-tumour immunity was studied using human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-transformed Syrian hamster cells denoted K3/II. These cells had been derived after cotransfection of primary kidney cell cultures with p16HHMo plasmid containing E6/E7 oncogenes of HPV16 and pEJ6.6 plasmid containing the activated human H-ras oncogene; they express both the HPV16 and activated H-ras genes. As a DNA vaccine, the p16HHMo plasmid was used. Three doses of the plasmid (either 100 microg or 10-15 microg per dose) were administered intramuscularly at 3-week intervals. The animals were challenged with four different doses (10(3)-10(6) per animal) of K3/II cells 10 days after the last plasmid injection. In one experiment the lower dose of plasmid DNA was also given in a mixture with the cationic lipid DOTAP. In another experiment, the pEJ6.6 plasmid (100 microg per dose) was used either alone or in combination with p16HHMo. In all experiments animals inoculated with the same doses of pBR322 plasmid served as controls. A moderate protective effect was observed in animals inoculated with the 100-microg doses of p16HHMo, but not in those inoculated with 10-15 microg of the same plasmid, whether given with or without DOTAP. A protective effect was also observed after administration of the pEJ6. 6 plasmid. At the time of challenge a portion of the p16HHMo-immunized, but not the pBR322-treated, animals possessed antibodies reactive in ELISA with peptides derived from the N-terminal portion of HPV16 E7 protein and with one peptide derived from E6 protein, while two other E6 peptides exhibited non-specific reactivity.
Reaction Kinetics of Ethanolamines with Water Catalysis (2011)

An experiment of the preparation of mono-ethanolamine, die-ethanolamine, and tri-ethanolamine from aqueous ammonia and ethylene oxide is studied. In the reaction system, water carries out the catalysis. The activation energy of mono-ethanolamine is determined, 61.52kJ.mol -1 . The frequency factor is a quadratic function of water concentration. Under different reaction temperature, three final ethanolamine product contents are constant, which indicate the activation energies of three ethanolamins are equal. Using nonlinear least square regression, reaction rate ratios of die-ethanolamine or tri-ethanolamine to mono-ethanolamine are calculated. The two ratios are both linear relation with water concentration, dropping with water concentration increase.
Complement Activation via Alternative Pathway Is Critical in the Development of Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization: Role of Factor B and Factor H (2006)

The objective of this study was to explore the role of classical, lectin, and alternative pathways of complement activation in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The classical and alternative pathways were blocked in C57BL/6 mice by small interfering RNAs (siRNA) directed against C1q and factor B, respectively. C4(-/-) mice developed CNV similar to their wild-type controls and inhibition of C1q by siRNA had no effect on the development of CNV. In contrast, CNV was significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) in C5(-/-) mice and C57BL/6 mice treated with factor B siRNA. Inhibition of the alternative pathway by factor B siRNA resulted in decreased levels of membrane attack complex and angiogenic factors-vascular endothelial growth factor and TGF-beta2. Furthermore, factor B was up-regulated in complement sufficient C57BL/6 mice at day 1 postlaser and remained elevated at day 7. Significantly reduced levels of factor H were observed at day 3 in these animals. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that activation of the factor B-dependent alternative pathway, but not the classical or lectin pathways, was essential for the development of CNV in mouse model of laser-induced CNV. Thus, specific blockade of the alternative pathway may represent a therapeutically relevant strategy for the inhibition of CNV.
Synergistic Effect between Intrathecal Non-NMDA Antagonist and Gabapentin on Allodynia Induced by Spinal Nerve Ligation in Rats (2000)

This study shows that intrathecal administration of CNQX exhibits an antiallodynic effect in this rat model of neuropathic pain. Furthermore, CNQX and gabapentin, when combined intrathecally, produce a potent synergistic antiallodynic effect on neuropathic pain in spinal nerve-ligated rats.
Development of an improved centreline wall motion model (2002)

A PC-based system is developed for the quantitative analysis of coronary and left ventricular (LV) cineangiograms. A new version of the centerline LV wall motion model has been implemented on this system. During implementation of the model, difficulties were encountered due to uncertainties concerning the original description of the algorithm. These uncertainties were especially prevalent in the description of how the model prevented measurement chords from crossing. In order to clarify these points, a new algorithm was developed. It includes a correction scheme for chords which cannot be selected in the usual manner. The algorithm has been optimized based on 110 ventricular contour pairs and an evaluation study was performed to examine its convergence. By measuring the absolute differences in chord lengths between iterations, it was determined that a variation of less than 1% in the overall chord lengths was achieved in 99.1% of the contours examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Improved Pole Positioning for Parallel Filters Based on Spectral Smoothing and Multi-Band Warping (2011)

The use of second-order parallel filters with pre-defined pole locations has been recently proposed for equalization and transfer function modeling. This letter presents an improved method for obtaining the pole positions of the parallel filter. The steps of the new method are the following: first, the target frequency response is smoothed to the required resolution. Then, multiple warped IIR filters with different warping parameters are designed to the smoothed target divided into frequency bands. Finally, the united pole set of the warped IIR designs is used for parallel filter design. The method leads to increased accuracy compared to earlier pole positioning techniques, and can also be used for Kautz filter designs. Examples of loudspeaker-room response modeling and equalization are presented.
Optimizing Druggability through Liposomal Formulations: New Approaches to an Old Concept (2012)

Developing innovative delivery strategies remains an ongoing task to improve both efficacy and safety of drug-based therapy. Nanomedicine is now a promising field of investigation, rising high expectancies for treating various diseases such as malignancies. Putting drugs into liposome is an old story that started in the late 1960s. Because of the near-total biocompatibility of their lipidic bilayer, liposomes are less concerned with the safety issue related to the possible long-term accumulation in the body of most nanoobjects currently developed in nanomedicine. Additionally, novel techniques and recent efforts to achieve better stability (e.g., through sheddable coating), combined with a higher selectivity towards target cells (e.g., by anchoring monoclonal antibodies or incorporating phage fusion protein), make new liposomal drugs an attractive and challenging opportunity to improve clinical outcome in a variety of disease. This review covers the physicochemistry of liposomes and the recent technical improvements in the preparation of liposome-encapsulated drugs in regard to the scientific and medical stakes.
Low resistance Pd/Ge/Au and Ge/Pd/Au ohmic contacts to n-type GaAs (1986)

We have fabricated Pd/Ge/Au and Ge/Pd/Au sintered ohmic contacts on n-type GaAs. These contacts have specific resistances similar to those of conventional Ni/Ge/Au alloyed ohmic contacts, but their surfaces are much smoother and their edges are well defined. The fabrication procedure is compatible with GaAs technology, and the sintered contacts are thermally stable. The properties of these low resistance contacts are insensitive to the sintering temperature and to the thickness of the Pd and Ge layers or their order of deposition.
Following the Flow (2006)

State departments of transportation (DOTs) operate drainage systems that include ditches, channels, culverts, and storm sewers to manage stormwater and runoff. These systems can also carry pollutants from road surfaces to natural waterways. Agencies that operate urban stormwater drainage systems need to develop and implement detailed plans for reducing pollutant levels in the runoff they discharge. They must also obtain permits that detail the requirements included in their plans, mandate annual reporting to the governing regulatory agency, and require documentation of compliance activities. Many DOTs rely on hardcopy forms to document compliance with regulations regarding stormwater management, but this approach has limitations. One challenge in particular is producing reliable records demonstrating that stormwater discharge points were inspected often enough. In addition, physical access to hardcopy forms may be restricted when forms are stored in one site and needed in another, and exchange of documents among DOT staff can be time consuming. This article details how the Texas DOT (TxDOT) recently met these challenges by developing an electronic, automated tool that collects, stores, and retrieves information on compliance with stormwater regulations. According to TxDOT officials, the Outfall Tracking System will streamline annual reporting, facilitate field survey and inspection work, reduce compliance costs, provide greater access to information on drainage systems, improve distribution and delegation of permit compliance duties, and create a framework for automating and tracking compliance in the future.
Laser-assisted new attachment procedure in private practice. (2004)

Three private dental practices conducted a retrospective analysis of patients receiving the laser-assisted new attachment procedure (LANAP). Retrospective results were compared to clinical trial data from the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio (UTHSCSA) to determine if outcomes from a controlled clinical trial can be duplicated in private practice. Results also are compared with published results of other surgical and nonsurgical therapies for inflammatory periodontal disease.
Mammalian Triacylglycerol Metabolism: Synthesis, Lipolysis, and Signaling (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTMammalian Triacylglycerol Metabolism: Synthesis, Lipolysis, and SignalingRosalind A. Coleman*† and Douglas G. Mashek‡View Author Information† Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States‡ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United StatesE-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 10, 6359–6386Publication Date (Web):June 1, 2011Publication History Received30 November 2010Published online1 June 2011Published inissue 12 October 2011https://doi.org/10.1021/cr100404wCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5146Altmetric-Citations192LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (4 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Anatomy,Genetics,Lipids,Peptides and proteins,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Adipic Acid (2000)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties 3. Chemical Properties 4. Production 4.1. Nitric Acid Oxidation of Cyclohexanol 4.2. Butadiene‐Based Routes 4.3. Other Routes 5. Byproducts 6. Quality Specifications 7. Storage and Transportation 8. Derivatives 8.1. Adiponitrile 8.2. Other Derivatives 9. Uses 10. Economic Aspects 11. Toxicology and Occupational Health
The application of neural networks to wordspotting (2003)

The application of dynamic neural networks for improving keyword spotter performance is discussed. A conventional wordspotter, which is based on template matching, provides an initial screening of incoming speech for possible keyword occurrences. The role of the neural network is to provide a second layer of discriminant analysis in which the final accept/reject decision is made. In experiments conducted on standard corpora for wordspotting, secondary scoring with temporally constrained Kohonen feature maps resulted in reduced false alarm rates. Preliminary results using a recurrent neural network are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Amyloid Fibril Formation by Pentapeptide and Tetrapeptide Fragments of Human Calcitonin (2002)

The process of amyloid fibril formation by the human calcitonin hormone is associated with medullary thyroid carcinoma. Based on the effect of pH on the fibrillization of human calcitonin, the analysis of conformationally constrained analogues of the hormone, and our suggestion regarding the role of aromatic residues in the process of amyloid fibril formation, we studied the ability of a short aromatic charged peptide fragment of calcitonin (NH(2)-DFNKF-COOH) to form amyloid fibrils. Here, using structural and biophysical analysis, we clearly demonstrate the ability of this short peptide to form well ordered amyloid fibrils. A shorter truncated tetrapeptide, NH(2)-DFNK-COOH, also formed fibrils albeit less ordered than those formed by the pentapeptide. We could not detect amyloid fibril formation by the NH(2)-FNKF-COOH tetrapeptide, the NH(2)-DFN-COOH tripeptide, or the NH(2)-DANKA-COOH phenylalanine to the alanine analogue of the pentapeptide. The formation of amyloid fibrils by rather hydrophilic peptides is quite striking, because it was speculated that hydrophobic interactions might play a key role in amyloid formation. This is the first reported case of fibril formation by a peptide as short as a tetrapeptide and one of very few cases of amyloid formation by pentapeptides. Because the aromatic nature seems to be the only common property of the various very short amyloid-forming peptides, it further supports our hypothesis on the role of aromatic interactions in the process of amyloid fibril formation.
Preparation and characterization of porous PDLLA/HA composite foams by supercritical carbon dioxide technology (2006)

A composite poly(D,L)lactic acid (PDLLA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterial was prepared by in situ polymerization of D,L-lactide monomer and HA. Supercritical CO2 (SC CO2) technology was developed to prepare the biodegradable composite foams for use in tissue regeneration. In this technology, NaCl particles were used as porogen to produce an open-pore structure. Organic solvents were not used and high temperature was not necessary. The problem with pore interconnectivity was resolved. High-porosity composite foams (up to 90% +/- 2% porosity) were obtained with pore sizes ranging from 100 to 300 microm suitable for cell seeding. The microstructure and morphology of the composite foams could be controlled by saturation pressure, saturation time, and temperature as well as amount of NaCl particles. The compressive strength and water absorbability of the composite foams were also determined. With an increase in HA amount, the molecular weight of PDLLA/HA composite foams decreased, but the mechanical strength and hydrophilicity increased slightly.
Generation and characterization of hamster monoclonal antibodies that neutralize murine tumor necrosis factors. (1989)

mAb to murine TNF (MuTNF) were produced after immunization of Armenian hamsters with purified, Escherichia coli-derived rMuTNF-alpha. Antibody produced from clone TN3-19.12, was purified and was found to inhibit 100% of the lytic activity of either recombinant or natural MuTNF-alpha at an antibody input of 25 ng/U. TN3-19.12 also inhibited all the lytic activity in culture supernatants from a variety of T cell sources, including activated T cell clones and T cell hybridomas (all of which expressed high levels of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta (lymphotoxin, LT) mRNA). Western blot analysis was used to document the physical form(s) of MuTNF recognized by TN3-19.12. Recombinant and macrophage-derived TNF displayed identical patterns of a single band with Mr 17 kDa. In contrast, T cell culture supernatants exhibited patterns consisting of two bands with Mr 17 and 24.7 kDa. The higher m.w. form was glycosylated based on its sensitivity to n-glycanase and displayed a m.w. consistent with that of TNF-beta (LT). These data suggest that TN3-19.12 recognizes both MuTNF-alpha and MuTNF-beta (LT). Monoclonal TN3-19.12 and polyvalent rabbit anti-rTNF were used to establish a MuTNF-specific ELISA capable of detecting picogram quantities of recombinant or natural TNF. This assay was used to detect TNF in the sera of mice challenged with a lethal dose of LPS. Peak TNF serum levels of 11 ng/ml were observed in these animals 90 min after i.p. LPS administration and then rapidly declined to near base line levels by 3 h. These values were confirmed by quantitating levels of TNF functional activity in the same samples. TN3-19.12 injected into mice subsequently treated with LPS prevented the detection of TNF in the circulation by either assay and protected mice from the lethal effects of endotoxin shock. Thus, TN3-19.12 effectively neutralizes endogenously produced TNF in vivo.
MIPS: a database for genomes and protein sequences (2002)

The Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences (MIPS-GSF, Neuherberg, Germany) continues to provide genome-related information in a systematic way. MIPS supports both national and European sequencing and functional analysis projects, develops and maintains automatically generated and manually annotated genome-specific databases, develops systematic classification schemes for the functional annotation of protein sequences, and provides tools for the comprehensive analysis of protein sequences. This report updates the information on the yeast genome (CYGD), the Neurospora crassa genome (MNCDB), the databases for the comprehensive set of genomes (PEDANT genomes), the database of annotated human EST clusters (HIB), the database of complete cDNAs from the DHGP (German Human Genome Project), as well as the project specific databases for the GABI (Genome Analysis in Plants) and HNB (Helmholtz-Netzwerk Bioinformatik) networks. The Arabidospsis thaliana database (MATDB), the database of mitochondrial proteins (MITOP) and our contribution to the PIR International Protein Sequence Database have been described elsewhere [Schoof et al. (2002) Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 91-93; Scharfe et al. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 155-158; Barker et al. (2001) Nucleic Acids Res., 29, 29-32]. All databases described, the protein analysis tools provided and the detailed descriptions of our projects can be accessed through the MIPS World Wide Web server (http://mips.gsf.de).
PCR-DGGE-based quantification of stability of the microbial community in a simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (2004)

Investigating the role of intestinal microbial populations significantly relies on the assumption of stability. Therefore, the microbial community composition of the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem was qualitatively, quantitatively and functionally characterised during reactor start-up to evaluate its capacity to produce a stable bacterial community, representative for the human intestinal tract. Using moving window correlation, a stability criterion was introduced to analyse the stability over time of the PCR-DGGE, plate counts, short chain fatty acids and ammonium results. A community was regarded stable when minimum 80% correlation was measured over at least one cell residence time. Species composition stability was reached after about 2 weeks, while it took some 3 weeks to reach functional stability. The combination of PCR-DGGE with moving window correlation proved to be an efficient approach to quantitatively evaluate the stability of the in vitro cultured intestinal microbial community.
Expression of Transforming Growth Factor β Type III Receptor Suppresses Tumorigenicity of Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells (1997)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) promotes tumor progression in some model systems including human breast cancer cells. In this study, we report that human breast cancer cell lines express reduced amounts of TGF-beta type III receptor (RIII) when compared with untransformed human mammary epithelial cells. Consequently, we examined whether expression of RIII in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells could reduce TGF-beta's tumor promoting activity by sequestering active TGF-beta isoforms produced by the cells. A tetracycline-repressible human RIII expression vector was stably transfected into the cell line. RIII expression in a pool of transfected clones and a single clone was found to be reversibly repressed by tetracycline treatment. Expression of RIII reduced the amount of active TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 in the conditioned medium. The medium conditioned by control cells showed a significantly higher growth inhibitory effect than that conditioned by RIII-transfected cells on the growth of the mink lung epithelial CCL64 cells. A conditioned medium collected from RIII-transfected cells treated with tetracycline significantly increased its growth inhibitory activity to that of control cells. Expression of RIII also reduced tumor incidence and growth rate in two separate experiments when the cells were inoculated in athymic nude mice. Treatment of the mice with tetracycline repressed RIII expression in the tumors generated by RIII-transfected cells and increased tumor incidence and growth rate. These results suggest that TGF-beta RIII can reduce tumorigenicity of MDA-MB-231 cells apparently by sequestering TGF-beta isoforms produced by these cells.
A monolithically fabricated gas chromatography separation column with an integrated high sensitivity thermal conductivity detector (2010)

The monolithic integration of a high sensitivity detector with a gas chromatography (GC) separation column creates many potential advantages over the discrete components of a traditional chromatography system. In miniaturized high-speed GC systems, component interconnections can cause crucial errors and loss of fidelity during detection and analysis. A monolithically integrated device would eliminate the need to create helium-tight interconnections, which are bulky and labor intensive. Additionally, batch fabrication of integrated devices that no longer require expensive and fragile detectors can decrease the cost of micro GC systems through economies of scale. We present the design, fabrication and operation of a monolithic GC separation column and detector. Our device is able to separate nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide within 30 s. This method of device integration could be applied to the existing wealth of column geometries and chemistries designed for specialized applications.
Science, medicine, and the future: Parkinson's disease (1999)

A H V