gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytosolic Prion Protein in Neurons (2003)

Localizing the cellular prion protein (PrPC) in the brain is necessary for understanding the pathogenesis of prion diseases. However, the precise ultrastructural localization of PrPC still remains enigmatic. We performed the first quantitative study of the ultrastructural localization of PrPC in the mouse hippocampus using high-resolution cryoimmunogold electron microscopy. PrPC follows the standard biosynthetic trafficking pathway with a preferential localization in late endosomal compartments and on the plasma membrane of neurons and neuronal processes. PrPC is found with the same frequency within the synaptic specialization and perisynaptically, but is almost completely excluded from synaptic vesicles. Unexpectedly, PrP is also found in the cytosol in subpopulations of neurons in the hippocampus, neocortex, and thalamus but not the cerebellum. Cytosolic PrP may have altered susceptibility to aggregation, suggesting that these neurons might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, in particular those mammals harboring mutant PrP genes.
Targeting Ligand-Induced Binding Sites on GPIIb/IIIa via Single-Chain Antibody Allows Effective Anticoagulation Without Bleeding Time Prolongation (2007)

The novel clot-targeting approach of anticoagulants via single-chain antibody directed against a LIBS-epitope on GPIIb/IIIa promises effective anticoagulation with reduced bleeding risk.
Efficacy of thrombolysis in infrainguinal bypass grafts. (1991)

The initial outcome of a consecutive series of 43 intra-arterial urokinase infusions for thrombosed infrainguinal grafts in 37 patients was analyzed. There was an 88% (38/43) technical success rate (complete clot lysis) and a 74% (32/43) clinical success rate. Complications occurred in 10 patients (23%) and were related to bleeding in four patients (9%). Patient age, graft age, location, material, and the duration of occlusion did not significantly influence the initial outcome, although there was a trend toward a higher bleeding complication rate among grafts less than or equal to 1 month of age at the time of thrombolysis. A second group of 43 infrainguinal grafts successfully recanalized using regional infusions of thrombolytic agents were followed for long-term patency. This group included 32 grafts successfully treated with urokinase and 11 grafts recanalized with streptokinase. By life-table analysis there was a 55.6% 1-year patency, which fell to 42.4% at 4 years. Vein grafts had significantly (p = 0.01) better long-term patency than prosthetic grafts (69.3% versus 28.6% at 30 months). Grafts with flow-limiting lesions identified and corrected by angioplasty or surgery also had significantly (p = 0.01) better long-term patency than those without such lesions (79.0% versus 9.8% at 2 years). Based on the results of our study compared with a survey of long-term results following secondary surgical procedures for thrombosed infrainguinal grafts, thrombolysis can be recommended in several circumstances. Thrombolysis is indicated for thrombosed vein grafts or when thrombus is present in distal runoff vessels. Thrombosed prosthetic grafts should be replaced by autogenous vein grafts whenever possible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An occlusion capable optical see-through head mount display for supporting co-located collaboration (2003)

An ideal augmented reality (AR) display for multi-user co-located collaboration should have following three features: 1) any virtual object should be able to be shown at any arbitrary position, e.g. a user can see a virtual object in front of other users' faces. 2) Correct occlusion of virtual and real objects should be supported. 3) The real world should be naturally and clearly visible, which is important for face-to-face conversation. We have been developing an optical see-through display, ELMO (Enhanced see-through display using an LCD panel for Mutual Occlusion), that satisfies these three requirements. While previous prototype systems were not practical due to their size and weight, we have come up with an improved optics design which has reduced size and is lightweight enough to wear. In this paper, the characteristics of typical multi-user three-dimensional displays are summarized and the design details of the latest optics are then described. Finally, a collaborative AR application employing the new display and its user experience are explained.
Aptamers evolved from live cells as effective molecular probes for cancer study (2006)

Using cell-based aptamer selection, we have developed a strategy to use the differences at the molecular level between any two types of cells for the identification of molecular signatures on the surface of targeted cells. A group of aptamers have been generated for the specific recognition of leukemia cells. The selected aptamers can bind to target cells with an equilibrium dissociation constant (K(d)) in the nanomolar-to-picomolar range. The cell-based selection process is simple, fast, straightforward, and reproducible, and, most importantly, can be done without prior knowledge of target molecules. The selected aptamers can specifically recognize target leukemia cells mixed with normal human bone marrow aspirates and can also identify cancer cells closely related to the target cell line in real clinical specimens. The cell-based aptamer selection holds a great promise in developing specific molecular probes for cancer diagnosis and cancer biomarker discovery.
Automatic Text Theme Generation and the Analysis of Text Structure (1994)

Non-expository texts are not usually read from cover to cover. Readers are helped in such circumstances by providing selective access to text excerpts as needed. Text themes can be identified representing areas of importance in a text, and summaries can be constructed automatically. In this study, text theme generation and text summarization are related to text struture. It is shown that useful text derivatives are obtainable for texts with diverse structural characteristics.
Octacalcium phosphate. 3. Infrared and Raman vibrational spectra (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOctacalcium phosphate. 3. Infrared and Raman vibrational spectraBruce O. Fowler, Milenko Markovic, and Walter E. BrownCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 10, 1417–1423Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00034a009https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00034a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1594Altmetric-Citations181LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of the thyroid state on left ventricular tension-velocity relations in the intact, sedated dog (1969)

The mechanical properties of left ventricular contraction were described in terms of tension, velocity, length, and time in closed-chest, sedated normal, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid dogs. Heart rate was controlled at 150 beats/min, and instantaneous contractile element velocity was calculated from left ventricular pressure and its first derivative during isovolumic left ventricular contractions, produced by sudden balloon occlusion of the ascending aorta during diastole. Wall tension was derived from ventricular pressure and volume, the latter being obtained from the pressure-volume relation of the arrested ventricle, and tension-velocity relations were analyzed over a range of ventricular endiastolic volumes. At any level of ventricular volume, the hypothyroid state was associated with a displacement of the tension-velocity relation of the left ventricle downwards and to the left, and the time to peak tension was prolonged (154 msec, normal 139 msec). In the hyperthyroid state, the tension-velocity relation of the left ventricle was displaced upwards and to the right, and the time to peak tension was reduced (80 msec). The changes in the tension-velocity relations indicate that the inotropic state of the left ventricle in the intact dog varies directly with the animal's thyroid state. This influence on myocardial contractility necessarily constitutes an important and integral part of the response of the intact circulation to altered thyroid state.
Colistin in the 21st century (2009)

Because few, if any, new antibiotics with activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria will be available within the next several years, it is essential that colistin is used in ways that maximize its antibacterial efficacy and minimize toxicity and development of resistance. Recent developments have improved use of colistin in the 21st century.
Cyclooxygenase-Dependent Tumor Growth through Evasion of Immunity (2015)

The mechanisms by which melanoma and other cancer cells evade anti-tumor immunity remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that the growth of tumors formed by mutant Braf(V600E) mouse melanoma cells in an immunocompetent host requires their production of prostaglandin E2, which suppresses immunity and fuels tumor-promoting inflammation. Genetic ablation of cyclooxygenases (COX) or prostaglandin E synthases in Braf(V600E) mouse melanoma cells, as well as in Nras(G12D) melanoma or in breast or colorectal cancer cells, renders them susceptible to immune control and provokes a shift in the tumor inflammatory profile toward classic anti-cancer immune pathways. This mouse COX-dependent inflammatory signature is remarkably conserved in human cutaneous melanoma biopsies, arguing for COX activity as a driver of immune suppression across species. Pre-clinical data demonstrate that inhibition of COX synergizes with anti-PD-1 blockade in inducing eradication of tumors, implying that COX inhibitors could be useful adjuvants for immune-based therapies in cancer patients.
Pregabalin: Its efficacy, safety and tolerability profile infibromyalgia syndrome (2007)

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and accompanied by a variety of other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep dysfunction, depression, anxiety and cognitive disturbance. Current guidelines recommend tricyclic antidepressants or SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) as first-line therapies to treat the multiple symptom domains. Until recently, however, there were no licensing authority approved treatments for FMS. The alfa 2 delta modulator pregabalin has anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and antinociceptive properties which has prompted its investigation in FMS. In a series of short-term randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of 8-14 weeks duration, pregabalin proved effective in reducing the pain and accompanying symptoms of FMS and improved quality of life domains. A 6-month double-blind, placebo-controlled trial demonstrated the durability of its effects on pain and a variety of secondary measures such as fatigue and sleep disturbance. Overall, pregabalin was well tolerated with no new adverse events emerging that have not been reported with its use in other indications.
High Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Metal Phthalocyanine/Fullerene Heterojunction Photovoltaic Device (2011)

This paper introduces the fundamental physical characteristics of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Photoelectric conversion efficiency is crucial to the evaluation of quality in OPV devices, and enhancing efficiency has been spurring on researchers to seek alternatives to this problem. In this paper, we focus on organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and review several approaches to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of small molecular heterojunction OPV devices based on an optimal metal-phthalocyanine/fullerene (C(60)) planar heterojunction thin film structure. For the sake of discussion, these mechanisms have been divided into electrical and optical sections: (1) Electrical: Modification on electrodes or active regions to benefit carrier injection, charge transport and exciton dissociation; (2) Optical: Optional architectures or infilling to promote photon confinement and enhance absorption.
Automated gamma knife radiosurgery treatment planning with image registration, data‐mining, and Nelder‐Mead simplex optimization (2006)

Gamma knife treatments are usually planned manually, requiring much expertise and time. We describe a new, fully automatic method of treatment planning. The treatment volume to be planned is first compared with a database of past treatments to find volumes closely matching in size and shape. The treatment parameters of the closest matches are used as starting points for the new treatment plan. Further optimization is performed with the Nelder-Mead simplex method: the coordinates and weight of the isocenters are allowed to vary until a maximally conformal plan specific to the new treatment volume is found. The method was tested on a randomly selected set of 10 acoustic neuromas and 10 meningiomas. Typically, matching a new volume took under 30 seconds. The time for simplex optimization, on a 3 GHz Xeon processor, ranged from under a minute for small volumes (<1000 cubic mm, 2-3 isocenters), to several tens of hours for large volumes (>30,000 cubic mm, >20 isocenters). In 8/10 acoustic neuromas and 8/10 meningiomas, the automatic method found plans with conformation number equal or better than that of the manual plan. In 4/10 acoustic neuromas and 5/10 meningiomas, both overtreatment and undertreatment ratios were equal or better in automated plans. In conclusion, data-mining of past treatments can be used to derive starting parameters for treatment planning. These parameters can then be computer optimized to give good plans automatically.
The pons and human affective processing — Implications for Parkinson's disease (2015)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
FairCloud (2011)

The network is a crucial resource in cloud computing, but in contrast to other resources such as CPU or memory, the network is currently shared in a best effort manner. However, sharing the network in a datacenter is more challenging than sharing the other resources. The key difficulty is that the network allocation for a VM X depends not only on the VMs running on the same machine with X, but also on the other VMs that X communicates with, as well as on the cross-traffic on each link used by X. In this paper, we first propose a set of desirable properties for allocating the network bandwidth in a datacenter at the VM granularity, and show that there exists a fundamental tradeoff between the ability to share congested links in proportion to payment and the ability to provide minimal bandwidth guarantees to VMs. Second, we show that the existing allocation models violate one or more of these properties, and propose a mechanism that can select different points in the aforementioned tradeoff between payment proportionality and bandwidth guarantees.
Near Field Phase Behavior (2005)

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of near field phase behavior in free space. Then this paper validates the theoretical model by numerical modeling and comparison to experimental data. Near field phase behavior is the basis of a novel RF tracking technology, with a demonstrated accuracy of 30 cm at ranges up to 70 m.
Autoimmune Neurological Disease (1996)

Michael P. Pender and Pamela A. McCombe, 377 pp., Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, $100.00.

This text by Drs. Pender and McCombe, with assistance from Dr. Ian Frazer, provides a comprehensive overview of the immunological aspects of autoimmune neurologic diseases. The book emphasizes research aspects of autoimmune neurologic diseases. …
Interactions between NO and reactive oxygen species: pathophysiological importance in atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes and heart failure (1999)

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that numerous pathological conditions are associated with increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species. This form of vascular oxidant stress and particularly interactions between NO and oxygen-derived radicals represent a common pathological mechanism present in many so-called risk factors for atherosclerosis. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species seem to serve important cellular signalling mechanisms responsible for many of the features of vascular lesion formation. The mechanisms whereby vascular cells produce reactive oxygen species are only presently coming to light, and almost certainly will prove to be a focus for future therapies.
Respiratory Depression with Tramadol in a Patient with Renal Impairment and CYP2D6 Gene Duplication (2008)

We observed opioid-related respiratory depression in a patient receiving tramadol via patient-controlled analgesia. Predisposing factors were the patient's genetic background and renal impairment. Complete recovery occurred after naloxone administration, thus confirming opioid intoxication. Analysis of the patient's genotype revealed a CYP2D6 gene duplication resulting in ultra-rapid metabolism of tramadol to its active metabolite (+)O-desmethyltramadol. Concomitant renal impairment resulting in decreased metabolite clearance enhanced opioid toxicity. This genetic CYP2D6 variant is particularly common in specific ethnic populations and should be a future diagnostic target whenever administration of tramadol or codeine is anticipated, as both drugs are subject to a comparable CYP2D6-dependent metabolism.
Pain channelopathies (2010)

Pain remains a major clinical challenge, severely afflicting around 6% of the population at any one time. Channelopathies that underlie monogenic human pain syndromes are of great clinical relevance, as cell surface ion channels are tractable drug targets. The recent discovery that loss-of-function mutations in the sodium channel Nav1.7 underlie a recessive pain-free state in otherwise normal people is particularly significant. Deletion of channel-encoding genes in mice has also provided insights into mammalian pain mechanisms. Ion channels expressed by immune system cells (e.g. P2X7) have been shown to play a pivotal role in changing pain thresholds, whilst channels involved in sensory transduction (e.g. TRPV1), the regulation of neuronal excitability (potassium channels), action potential propagation (sodium channels) and neurotransmitter release (calcium channels) have all been shown to be potentially selective analgesic drug targets in some animal pain models. Migraine and visceral pain have also been associated with voltage-gated ion channel mutations. Insights into such channelopathies thus provide us with a number of potential targets to control pain.
Human colon carcinoma Ki-ras2 oncogene and its corresponding proto-oncogene. (1984)

We isolated cDNA clones corresponding to the normal human Ki-ras2 gene and to the transforming allele of the Ki-ras2 gene present in the human colon carcinoma cell line SW480. These two cDNAs encode p21 proteins which differ only at the amino acid at position 12. The normal cDNA encodes a glycine at this position, and the transforming allele encodes a valine. Expression of these cDNAs indicates that this amino acid 12 alteration confers oncogenic activity on the mutated gene. Analysis of the relationship of the cDNAs and Kirsten sarcoma virus ras gene to a genomic clone allowed us to identify two alternative 3' coding exons for the Ki-ras2 gene, suggesting that the Ki-ras2 gene encodes two p21 proteins which differ at their carboxy termini. Our data also show that only one of the p21s is necessary to convert cells to a tumorigenic phenotype.
‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠機制之研究 (2014)

冬瓜為亞洲地區重要蔬菜作物之一，在栽培上易受病毒病影響生育及產量，冬瓜品種中少數具有抗病毒病特性，可作為抗病育種研究之親本來源，然而引入抗病性之同時於雜交後代發現種子具深休眠特性，造成育苗及品種推廣上問題。本研究中使用之‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子材料即為雜交一代抗病品種，同時種子具深休眠性，本論文目的為以‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子為材料，調查其休眠性形成、研究打破種子休眠最佳處理及探討其種子休眠機制，以提供深休眠冬瓜品種研究經驗及種苗產業上應用。

種子休眠性於發育過程中逐漸形成，本研究調查種子發育過程貯藏物質累積、荷爾蒙含量變化及發芽能力以瞭解休眠成因，並進行打破休眠試驗。由試驗結果可知，‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子授粉 55 天開始具發芽活力，授粉 65天乾物質含量最大達生理成熟，種子發育期間由於內生 ABA 含量累積誘導休眠，因此授粉 75 天種子以四唑染色檢定法(tetrazolium test)測定活力已達100 %，實際發芽率僅 3.3 %。以刻傷處理、GA4+7 80 ppm 處理及果實採後室溫貯藏後熟處理可有效解除‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠，發芽率分別為 70%、85%及 100%。

冬瓜果實經由採後室溫貯藏後熟作用有助於提升種子發芽率及品質，‘台農 2 號’冬瓜以授粉 75 天果實進行 50 天果實採後室溫貯藏後熟處理，可完全解除種子休眠性，且種子經 8℃乾燥貯藏一年後仍有 66%發芽率。本研究藉由調查果實採後室溫貯藏後熟期間，種子之構造、貯藏物質、荷爾蒙含量、發芽能力及生理作用改變等，分析果實採後室溫貯藏後熟作用解除種子休眠之關鍵。由試驗結果可知，果實採後室溫貯藏後熟作用使種子種皮及胚乳膜構造改變、提升氣體及物質交換調節能力、增強種子浸種後重新合成 GA4 能力等，並減少 ABA 之合成，因此後熟過程中種子休眠程度逐漸減輕，發芽能力逐漸增加，最終解除種子休眠。

於瞭解‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠成因及解除關鍵後，推測影響休眠之主要因素為荷爾蒙與無氧呼吸作用，因此藉由 GA4+7、GA 生合成抑制劑 PP333及 ABA 處理輔助，以釐清‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠機制。由試驗結果可知，‘台農 2 號’冬瓜休眠種子浸種期間二氧化碳生成速率快，並於發芽過程中發生缺氧狀態，引起無氧呼吸作用及乙醛大量累積，影響種子發芽。外加 GA4+7處理可解除種子休眠，促使種子由無氧呼吸轉換為有氧呼吸行為，提升甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶及轉酮酶之活性，增強種子內無氧呼吸產物移除能力，有效提升種子發芽率。果實採後室溫貯藏後熟處理後完全解除種子休眠，同時浸種後二氧化碳生成速率極低，未有無氧呼吸作用發生。

綜合上述結果顯示，‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠受荷爾蒙調控與種皮及胚乳膜限制引起之無氧呼吸作用，可以刻傷、GA4+7 及果實採後室溫貯藏後熟處理解除，有鑑於種苗生產規模及操作便利性考量，推薦以果實採後室溫貯藏後熟處理，為解除‘台農 2 號’冬瓜種子休眠最佳方法。
Joint calibration of multiple sensors (2009)

Many calibration methods calibrate a pair of sensors at a time. For robotic systems with many sensors, they are often time-consuming to use, and can also lead to inaccurate results. In this paper, we combine a number of ideas in the literature to derive a unified framework that jointly calibrates many sensors a large system. Key to our approach are (i) grouping sensors to produce 3D data, thereby providing a unifying formalism that allows us to jointly calibrate all of the groups at the same, (ii) using a variety of geometric constraints to perform the calibration, and (iii) sharing sensors between groups to increase robustness. We show that this gives a simple method that is easily applicable to calibrating large systems. Our experiments show that this method not only reduces calibration error, but also requires less human time.