gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cavotricuspid Isthmus Catheter Ablation on Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation (2001)

It has been demonstrated that successful cavotricuspid isthmus ablation of typical atrial flutter combined with atrial fibrillation (AF) sometimes influences the preablation history of paroxysmal AF. However, the effectiveness of only isthmus ablation on AF itself is unclear. Endocardial catheter mapping during induced AF was performed around the tricuspid annulus using duodecapolar clectrode catheters in 39 patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal AF. Isthmus ablation was performed in 16 patients (41%) in whom catheter mapping during AF showed an organized activation pattern around the tricuspid annulus. During a mean follow-up of 12.3 months, isthmus ablation was successful in preventing AF in 12 (75%) patients, 8 without medication and 4 with a previously ineffective drug. This success group had a significantly higher F wave amplitude in lead V1 (0.29+/-0.10 vs 0. 15+/-0.04 mV, p < 0.01), a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (74+/-9 vs 58+/-2%, p < 0.05), and a smaller left atrial dimension (35+/-6 vs 43+/-4 mm, p < 0.05) than the failure group. Isthmus ablation may be effective in preventing paroxysmal AF with an organized activation pattern around the tricuspid annulus. F wave amplitude, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left atrial dimension were significant predictors of success.
A finite buffer two class queue with different scheduling and push-out schemes (1992)

The authors analyze an M/sub 1/, M/sub 2//G/sub 1/, G/sub 2//1/N queue with different scheduling and push-out schemes. They present an exact method to compute loss probabilities, the distribution of the number of class 1 packets in the system and the mean waiting time of a class 1 packet. An approximate solution is given for the computation of the mean waiting time for class 2 packets. The model allows general service time distributions for classes 1 and 2, as well as a general service discipline and a divided buffer management scheme. Numerical examples are included, which consider the loss probabilities and mean waiting time simultaneously.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
PSA doubling time (PSA-DT) during the “off treatment” interval in men with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer treated with intermittent androgen suppression (IAS) (2005)

4670 Background: PSA-DT has been shown to be a surrogate marker for mortality in patients who have biochemical relapse after either RP or XRT (D’Amico, J Urol 172 2004). These men are often treated with IAS. The significance of PSA-DT during the “off treatment” period has not been described. Methods: Eugonadal men with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer were treated with IAS. One cycle consists of 9 mos of LHRH analog plus anti-androgen followed by an “off treatment” interval determined by the rise in PSA to an arbitrary value of 1 or 4 ng/ml for RP or XRT patients respectively. A new cycle is then started. PSA-DTs were calculated for patients while “off” therapy for the first cycle and for the last cycle prior to becoming “hormone refractory” (HRPC) or prior to analysis for hormone sensitive patients. Time to HRPC, defined as 2 rising PSAs on hormonal therapy, was determined relative to PSA-DT. Results: Of 48 patients with median age of 64.5 yrs (range 51–78), 34 had RP and 14 had XRT as primary therapy. The subjects were divided into tertiles based on PSA-DT. For the first cycle, the average time to HRPC in the low, intermediate and high tertiles was 6.2 yrs, 7 yrs, and 10.5 yrs respectively. Using Kaplan-Meier cumulative hazard analysis, the first cycle of IAS therapy demonstrated shorter time to hormone refractoriness with shorter PSA-DT. During the last cycle of IAS, the average time to HRPC for low, intermediate and high PSA-DT tertiles was 1.8 yrs, 7.6 yrs, and 13.2 yrs respectively. Conclusions: Shorter PSA-DT during the first or last “off treatment” cycle of IAS appears to be associated with a shorter time to develop HRPC in patients who were treated for biochemical relapse after primary therapy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Cell Therapuetics Corixa, Cougar Biotechnology, Icos, Nordic Biotech, Novartis, Sanofi-Synthelabo Cell Therapuetics Abbott, Abgenix, Amgen, Aventis, Cell Genesys, Cell Pathways, Dendreon, Lilly Oncology, Medarex, Novacea, Novartis, Sanofi-Synthelabo, Transgene, Xycte
Identifying Opportunities for Improving Teradyne's Service-Parts Logistics System (1999)

Teradyne is a major manufacturer of electronic testing equipment used in semiconductor and electronics assembly plants throughout the world. In a recent project, we evaluated opportunities for improving Teradyne's global service-parts repair and logistics network. This system is complex because of the large number and variety of parts, the geographic dispersion of the installed base of customers' machines, the use of multiple classes of service, and stringent requirements for prompt response to customer requirements. We used basic inventory models to capture key characteristics of the system. These models provided insight into the relative value of several improvement opportunities. Teradyne used these insights to prioritize change options and has successfully implemented several of them. The project's success was, in part, based on the role of a company-academic team that combined understanding of relevant inventory models with in-depth knowledge of logistics processes.
Separation of Fe+3 from transferrin in endocytosis (1983)

NH4Cl and monensin, two agents which neutralize intracellular acidic compartments, block the segregation of iron from transferrin after endocytosis, while neither of these reagents affects internalization of diferric transferrin into the cell. In conclusion the molecular separation of iron from transferrin inside the cell requires a non-lysosomal acidic compartment.
Microfabricated Surface-Electrode Ion Trap for Scalable Quantum Information Processing (2006)

Individual laser-cooled 24Mg+ ions are confined in a linear Paul trap with a novel geometry where gold electrodes are located in a single plane and the ions are trapped 40 microm above this plane. The relatively simple trap design and fabrication procedure are important for large-scale quantum information processing (QIP) using ions. Measured ion motional frequencies are compared to simulations. Measurements of ion recooling after cooling is temporarily suspended yield a heating rate of approximately 5 motional quanta per millisecond for a trap frequency of 2.83 MHz, sufficiently low to be useful for QIP.
Effect of Cytarabine and Decitabine in Combination in Human Leukemic Cell Lines (2007)

The combination of DAC and ara-C showed additive or synergistic effects on cell death in four human leukemia cell lines in vitro, but antagonism in terms of epigenetic effects. One possible explanation for these paradoxical observations is that hypomethylated cells are sensitized to cell killing by ara-C. These data suggest that DAC used in combination with ara-C has clinical potential in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
Weakly Coordinating Anions, and the Exceptional Conductivity of Their Nonaqueous Solutions (2001)

We describe the synthesis and properties of a new class of lithium salts in which the anions are dicarboxylic acid derivatives of orthoborate. The single negative charge of these anions is shared by eight oxygen atoms (more accurately four oxygen atoms and four carbonyl groups), hence it is very spread out, and the coordinating ability of the anions is consequently very weak. Judged by comparison of the high-temperature conductivities of 0.5 M lithium salt solutions with those of other weakly basic anions in a low dielectric constant solvent 1,2-dimethoxyethane, the first member of the new family, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, LiBOB, is dissociated much more than are or and even more than lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonylimide, LiTFSI. Conductivities of solutions in acetonitrile approach those of aqueous solutions. Solutions of LiBOB in propylene carbonate have high electrochemical stabilities, up to ∼4.5 V vs. Higher members of the series exhibit lower solubilities, but are also highly dissociated in dilute solution. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Chronic Diarrhea-Induced by Celiac Plexus Block? (1998)

A 59-year-old man had severe chronic diarrhea after a celiac plexus block. The block was performed because of unbearable abdominal pain caused by a benign cyst in the lesser sac. The patient also had diabetes mellitus and was treated with metformin. Thorough investigation and various therapeutic trials failed to detect the cause for the diarrhea or to improve it. Based on the temporal relationship we wonder whether the diarrhea was induced by the celiac block procedure. The relevant literature is reviewed.
Negative Signaling via FcγRIIB1 in B Cells Blocks Phospholipase Cγ2 Tyrosine Phosphorylation but Not Syk or Lyn Activation (1996)

Crosslinking of the B cell antigen receptor surface immunoglobulin induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the Src family and Syk tyrosine protein kinases, tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase Cgamma2 (PLCgamma2) and increases in intracellular second messengers inositol phosphates and Ca2+. These activation events, in conjunction with other pathways, culminate in the induction of B cell proliferation and differentiation. In contrast, co-crosslinking surface Ig with the B cell IgG Fc receptor prevents many of these activation events, including B cell proliferation and differentiation. The precise nature of the negative signal(s) derived from Fc receptors that prevent B cell activation is not known. Here, early activation events were examined in B cells stimulated via the antigen receptor alone or under co-crosslinking conditions. The data indicated a selective block in the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of PLCgamma2 but not in activation of the upstream kinases, Syk and Lyn, under co-crosslinking conditions. We conclude that the negative signal acts directly on PLCgamma2 and is consistent with recent studies describing an activation-induced association of a phosphotyrosine phosphatase with tyrosine-phosphorylated B cell Fc receptor.
Envelopes and pre-envelopes of real waveforms (1958)

Rice's formula <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^1</tex> for the "envelope" of a given signal is very cumbersome; in any case where the signal is not a single sine wave, the analytical use and explicit calculation of the envelope is practically prohibitive. A different formula for the envelope is given herein which is much simpler and easier to handle analytically. We show precisely that if <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\hat{u}(t)</tex> is the Hilbert transform of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u(t)</tex> , then Rice's envelope of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u(t)</tex> is the absolute value of the complex-valued function <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u(t) + i \hat{u}(t)</tex> . The function <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u + i\hat{u}</tex> is called the pre-envelope of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</tex> and is shown to be involved implicitly in some other usual engineering practices. The Hilbert transform <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\hat{u}</tex> is then studied; it is shown that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\hat{u}</tex> has the same power spectrum as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</tex> and is uncorrelated with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</tex> at the same time instant. Further, the autocorrelation of the pre-envelope of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</tex> is twice the pre-envelope of the autocorrelation of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</tex> . By using the pre-envelope, the envelope of the output of a linear filter is easily calculated, and this is used to compute the first probability density for the envelope of the output of an arbitrary linear filter when the input is an arbitrary signal plus Gaussian noise. An application of pre-envelopes to the frequency modulation of an arbitrary waveform by another arbitrary waveform is also given.
Functional Nanostructured Plasmonic Materials (2010)

Plasmonic crystals fabricated with precisely controlled arrays of subwavelength metal nanostructures provide a promising platform for sensing and imaging of surface binding events with micrometer spatial resolution over large areas. Soft nanoimprint lithography provides a robust, cost-effective method for producing highly uniform plasmonic crystals of this type with predictable optical properties. The tunable multimode plasmonic resonances of these crystals and their ability for integration into lab-on-a-chip microfluidic systems can both be harnessed to achieve exceptionally high analytical sensitivities down to submonolayer levels using even a common optical microscope, circumventing numerous technical limitations of more conventional surface plasmon resonance techniques. In this article, we highlight some recent advances in this field with an emphasis on the fabrication and characterization of these integrated devices and their demonstrated applications.
An internal charge transfer-dependent solvent effect in V-shaped azacyanines (2015)

New V-shaped non-centrosymmetric dyes, possessing a strongly electron-deficient azacyanine core, have been synthesized based on a straightforward two-step approach. The key step in this synthesis involves palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of dibromo-N,N'-methylene-2,2'-azapyridinocyanines with arylacetylenes. The resulting strongly polarized π-expanded heterocycles exhibit green to orange fluorescence and they strongly respond to changes in solvent polarity. We demonstrate that differently electron-donating peripheral groups have a significant influence on the internal charge transfer, hence on the solvent effect and fluorescence quantum yield. TD-DFT calculations confirm that, in contrast to the previously studied bis(styryl)azacyanines, the proximity of S1 and T2 states calculated for compounds bearing two 4-N,N-dimethylaminophenylethynyl moieties establishes good conditions for efficient intersystem crossing and is responsible for its low fluorescence quantum yield. Non-linear properties have also been determined for new azacyanines and the results show that depending on peripheral groups, the synthesized dyes exhibit small to large two-photon absorption cross sections reaching 4000 GM.
Tunable surface plasmon resonance on an elastomeric substrate (2009)

In this study, we demonstrate that periods of metallic gratings on elastomeric substrates can be tuned with external strain and hence are found to control the resonance condition of surface plasmon polaritons. We have excited the plasmon resonance on the elastomeric grating coated with gold and silver. The grating period is increased up to 25% by applying an external mechanical strain. The tunability of the elastomeric substrate provides the opportunity to use such gratings as efficient surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates. It's been demonstrated that the Raman signal can be maximized by applying an external mechanical strain to the elastomeric grating.
[Assessment of health status of the population in the Northern regions (based on data from West-Yakutsk industrial region)]. (1994)

There is a prevalence of chronic diseases over acute ones among adults and children who have come to Yakutia. There is a high association of inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases and changes in the disease pattern, age, and stay duration in the North. Some common pathologic syndromes have been found to affect the development of chronic diseases. The common character of risk factors for various diseases developing in the newcomers in the North serves as the basis for establishing united programmes on their multifactorial prophylaxis whose ultimate goal is to prevent the occurrence and unfavorable course of etiologically and pathogenetically related diseases.
448-Detector optical recording system: development and application to Aplysia gill-withdrawal reflex (1992)

The spatial resolution of a fast, multichannel, optical recording apparatus has been improved in an attempt to increase the completeness of optical recordings of neuron activity responsible for the Aplysia gill-withdrawal reflex. We developed a new optical apparatus, increasing the number of pixels to 448. Action potential activity from 168 to 192 neurons could be detected. Hence, the number of optically detected neurons increased about 2.5 times in comparison with a previously used 100- or 124-detector optical apparatus. Because optically detected action potential signals were shown to be due to the cell body of a neuron, it was possible to know its position as well as its approximate size. The distribution of the detected active neurons and those neurons that showed an apparent change in spike frequency to the siphon stimulation were determined.
The Temporal Effects of Anti-TGF-β1, 2, and 3 Monoclonal Antibody on Wound Healing and Hypertrophic Scar Formation (2005)

Treated wounds from the early treatment group displayed delayed wound healing, with no reduction in scar hypertrophy. Later treatment of wounds with the same antibody, beginning 7 days after wounding, resulted in a reduction in scar hypertrophy. These results support our hypothesis and clearly demonstrate that TGF-beta1, 2, and 3 have differential temporal effects during the wound-healing process, and are important for optimal wound healing in the first week after wounding; beyond 1 week, TGF-beta1, 2, and 3 play a critical role in hypertrophic scar formation.
Polynucleotides. LII.1Synthesis and properties of poly(2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroadenylic acid) (1978)

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoroadenosine was chemically transformed to its 5'-diphosphate and polymerized with polynucleotide phosphorylase to give poly(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroadenylic acid) [poly(Af)]. Polymerization proceeded smoothly as in the case of poly(A) and the yield of the polymerization was 55%. The UV absorption spectra of poly(Af) closely resembled those of poly(A) and the hypochromicity was 32% at pH 7.0. The CD profile at 25 degrees and neutrality showed similar pattern to that of other poly(2'-deoxy-2'-halogenoadenylic acids) with somewhat larger [theta] values both in the positive and negative maxima. Acid titration of poly(Af) showed a transition point at pH 5.2 and the Tm of the acid form was 37 degrees which was significantly lower than that of poly(A), but similar to that of poly(2'-azido-2'-deoxyadenylic acid). Poly(Af) formed 1:1 and 1:2 complexes with poly-(U) having Tm of 49 degrees and 62 degrees at 0.04M and 0.15M Na(+) concentration, respectively. Poly(Af) also formed a 1:2 complex with poly(I) and its Tm was 36 degrees at 0.05M Na(+) concentration. These data showed that poly(Af) has rather similar properties to those of poly(A), but not to poly(dA).
Molecular genetics of cancer (1994)

This volume contains abstracts of oral and poster presentations made at the LIX Cold Springs Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology held June 1--8, 1994.
Error Rate Comparison during Polymerase Chain Reaction by DNA Polymerase (2014)

As larger-scale cloning projects become more prevalent, there is an increasing need for comparisons among high fidelity DNA polymerases used for PCR amplification. All polymerases marketed for PCR applications are tested for fidelity properties (i.e., error rate determination) by vendors, and numerous literature reports have addressed PCR enzyme fidelity. Nonetheless, it is often difficult to make direct comparisons among different enzymes due to numerous methodological and analytical differences from study to study. We have measured the error rates for 6 DNA polymerases commonly used in PCR applications, including 3 polymerases typically used for cloning applications requiring high fidelity. Error rate measurement values reported here were obtained by direct sequencing of cloned PCR products. The strategy employed here allows interrogation of error rate across a very large DNA sequence space, since 94 unique DNA targets were used as templates for PCR cloning. The six enzymes included in the study, Taq polymerase, AccuPrime-Taq High Fidelity, KOD Hot Start, cloned Pfu polymerase, Phusion Hot Start, and Pwo polymerase, we find the lowest error rates with Pfu, Phusion, and Pwo polymerases. Error rates are comparable for these 3 enzymes and are >10x lower than the error rate observed with Taq polymerase. Mutation spectra are reported, with the 3 high fidelity enzymes displaying broadly similar types of mutations. For these enzymes, transition mutations predominate, with little bias observed for type of transition.
Methyl-DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP): Hunting down the DNA Methylome (2008)

One of the most challenging projects in the field of epigenetics is the generation of detailed functional maps of DNA methylation in different cell and tissue types in normal and disease-associated conditions. This information will help us not only understand the role of DNA methylation but also identify targets for therapeutic treatment. The completion of the various epigenome projects depends on the design of novel strategies to survey and generate detailed cartograms of the DNA methylome. Methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) assays, in combination with hybridization on high-resolution microarrays or high-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques, are excellent methods for identifying methylated CpG-rich sequences. We provide a critical overview of different genome-wide techniques for DNA methylation analysis and propose that MeDIP assays may constitute a key method for elucidating the hypermethylome of cancer cells.
Development of concentrator modules with dome-shaped Fresnel lenses and triple-junction concentrator cells (2005)

The status of the development of a new concentrator module in Japan is discussed based on three arguments, performance, reliability and cost. We have achieved a 26·6% peak uncorrected efficiency from a 7056 cm2 400 × module with 36 solar cells connected in series, measured in house. The peak uncorrected efficiencies of the same type of the module with 6 solar cells connected in series and 1176 cm2 area measured by Fraunhofer ISE and NREL are reported as 27·4% and 24·8% respectively. The peak uncorrected efficiency for a 550× and 5445 cm2 module with 20 solar cells connected in series was 28·9% in house. The temperature-corrected efficiency of the 550 × module under optimal solar irradiation condition was 31·5 ± 1·7%. In terms of performance, the annual power generation is discussed based on a side-by-side evaluation against a 14% commercial multicrystalline silicon module. For reliability, some new degradation modes inherent to high concentration III-V solar cell system are discussed and a 20-year lifetime under concentrated flux exposure proven. The fail-safe issues concerning the concentrated sunlight are also discussed. Moreover, the overall scenario for the reduction of material cost is discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.