gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catheter-Based Renal Sympathetic Denervation for Resistant Hypertension (2011)

Renal sympathetic hyperactivity is seminal in the maintenance and progression of hypertension. Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation has been shown to significantly reduce blood pressure (BP) in patients with hypertension. Durability of effect beyond 1 year using this novel technique has never been reported. A cohort of 45 patients with resistant hypertension (systolic BP ≥160 mm Hg on ≥3 antihypertension drugs, including a diuretic) has been originally published. Herein, we report longer-term follow-up data on these and a larger group of similar patients subsequently treated with catheter-based renal denervation in a nonrandomized manner. We treated 153 patients with catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation at 19 centers in Australia, Europe, and the United States. Mean age was 57±11 years, 39% were women, 31% were diabetic, and 22% had coronary artery disease. Baseline values included mean office BP of 176/98±17/15 mm Hg, mean of 5 antihypertension medications, and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 83±20 mL/min per 1.73 m(2). The median time from first to last radiofrequency energy ablation was 38 minutes. The procedure was without complication in 97% of patients (149 of 153). The 4 acute procedural complications included 3 groin pseudoaneurysms and 1 renal artery dissection, all managed without further sequelae. Postprocedure office BPs were reduced by 20/10, 24/11, 25/11, 23/11, 26/14, and 32/14 mm Hg at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. In conclusion, in patients with resistant hypertension, catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation results in a substantial reduction in BP sustained out to ≥2 years of follow-up, without significant adverse events.
Nanocarpet Effect:  Pattern Formation during the Wetting of Vertically Aligned Nanorod Arrays (2004)

When a water droplet spreads on a vertically aligned nanorod surface, the nanorod array will deform into statistically percolated patterns. This nanocarpet effect has been investigated for Si nanorods. Three distinct morphologies were found: a center region due to the water droplet impact, a tilting region due to gravity, and a percolation region due to capillary invasion. The corresponding capillary forces have been estimated through finite element analysis. This effect presents a challenge for nanodevices involving liquid interactions.
A complete theory of tests for a theory of mind must consider hierarchical complexity and stage (2003)

We distinguish traditional cognition theories from hierarchically complex stacked neural networks that meet many of Newell's criteria. The latter are flexible and can learn anything that a person can learn, by using their mistakes and successes the same way humans do. Shortcomings are due largely to limitations of current technology.
INDUSTRIAL PLASMA TORCHES AND APPLICATIONS (2002)

Plasma technology has given a new direction and impetus to many industrial operations by opening up a new range of mechanical, chemical and metallurgical processing techniques. The high temperatures together with the highreactivity due to the presence of free ions and radicals, make the plasma a powerful medium to promote high heat transfer rates and chemical reactions. This paper focuses on atmospheric plasmas known as thermal-plasmas produced by plasma torches. Conventionally, as in plasma cutting, welding, melting or spraying operations, the plasma torch acts as a source of highly concentrated thermal energy and the plasma-forming gas provides an inert atmosphere and helps to prevent undesirable reactions, thus ensuring the purity of the operation and the product. In contrast, the emerging trend is to use reactions, where the plasma gas enters the reaction scheme. Some of the above issues are reviewed and illustrated with examples of plasma torches developed and experiments carried out at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai.
Comparison of bacterial quantities in left and right colon biopsies and faeces (2012)

Non-invasive faecal samples do not reflect bacterial counts on the mucosa at the individual level, except for bifidobacteria often analysed in probiotic intervention studies.
Cache Memories (1982)

article Cache Memories Share on Author: Alan Jay Smith University of California, Berkeley, California University of California, Berkeley, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 14Issue 3Sept. 1982 pp 473–530https://doi.org/10.1145/356887.356892Published:01 September 1982 1,443citation9,765DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1,443Total Downloads9,765Last 12 Months308Last 6 weeks43 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Aggravating effect of INSIG2 and FTO on overweight reduction in a one-year lifestyle intervention (2009)

These findings provide some evidence that the effects of different genotypes aggravate each other concerning weight change.
Glutamic γ-Semialdehyde and Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic Acid, Intermediates in the Biosynthesis of Proline1,2 (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlutamic γ-Semialdehyde and Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic Acid, Intermediates in the Biosynthesis of Proline1,2Henry J. Vogel and Bernard D. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 1, 109–112Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01121a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01121a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views640Altmetric-Citations200LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The structure of the two amino-terminal domains of human ICAM-1 suggests how it functions as a rhinovirus receptor and as an LFA-1 integrin ligand (1998)

The normal function of human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is to provide adhesion between endothelial cells and leukocytes after injury or stress. ICAM-1 binds to leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA-1) or macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1). However, ICAM-1 is also used as a receptor by the major group of human rhinoviruses and is a catalyst for the subsequent viral uncoating during cell entry. The three-dimensional atomic structure of the two amino-terminal domains (D1 and D2) of ICAM-1 has been determined to 2.2-A resolution and fitted into a cryoelectron microscopy reconstruction of a rhinovirus-ICAM-1 complex. Rhinovirus attachment is confined to the BC, CD, DE, and FG loops of the amino-terminal Ig-like domain (D1) at the end distal to the cellular membrane. The loops are considerably different in structure to those of human ICAM-2 or murine ICAM-1, which do not bind rhinoviruses. There are extensive charge interactions between ICAM-1 and human rhinoviruses, which are mostly conserved in both major and minor receptor groups of rhinoviruses. The interaction of ICAMs with LFA-1 is known to be mediated by a divalent cation bound to the insertion (I)-domain on the alpha chain of LFA-1 and the carboxyl group of a conserved glutamic acid residue on ICAMs. Domain D1 has been docked with the known structure of the I-domain. The resultant model is consistent with mutational data and provides a structural framework for the adhesion between these molecules.
Prediction of trapping zones in an insulator-based dielectrophoretic device (2009)

A mathematical model is implemented to study the performance of an insulator-based dielectrophoretic device. The geometry of the device was captured in a computational model that solves Laplace equation within an array of cylindrical insulating structures. From the mathematical model it was possible to predict the location and magnitude of the zones of dielectrophoretic trapping of microparticles. Simulation and experimental results of trapping zones are compared for different operating conditions.
A multimedia system for remote neurosurgical monitoring (2005)

Neurophysiological intraoperative monitoring (IOM) is an important tool aimed at reducing iatrogenic injury to the central nervous system during complex surgical procedures. We utilize multimedia techniques involving digital video to perform remote IOM. A video camera mounted on a microscope records the same surgical scene as the one observed by the neurosurgeon. The recorded video along with a variety of physiological data are processed, compressed, and transmitted through networks to be monitored by neurophysiologists at remote sites. In order to reduce bandwidth without degenerating video quality in critical areas of the surgical field, we utilized a novel method based on the wavelet transform to decompose each video frame into subframes and encode them in different resolutions. Our experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of this method.
Systematic Integration of Parameterized Local Search Into Evolutionary Algorithms (2004)

Application-specific, parameterized local search algorithms (PLSAs), in which optimization accuracy can be traded off with run time, arise naturally in many optimization contexts. We introduce a novel approach, called simulated heating, for systematically integrating parameterized local search into evolutionary algorithms (EAs). Using the framework of simulated heating, we investigate both static and dynamic strategies for systematically managing the tradeoff between PLSA accuracy and optimization effort. Our goal is to achieve maximum solution quality within a fixed optimization time budget. We show that the simulated heating technique better utilizes the given optimization time resources than standard hybrid methods that employ fixed parameters, and that the technique is less sensitive to these parameter settings. We apply this framework to three different optimization problems, compare our results to the standard hybrid methods, and show quantitatively that careful management of this tradeoff is necessary to achieve the full potential of an EA/PLSA combination.
Time‐resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer: A versatile tool for the analysis of nucleic acids (2002)

The biological functions of nucleic acids in processes of DNA replication, transcription, homologous recombination, mRNA translation, and ribozyme catalysis are intimately linked to their three-dimensional structures and to conformational changes induced by proteins, metal ions and other ligands. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing the structure and conformational dynamics of biological macromolecules under a wide range of solution conditions. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) provides long-range distance information from 10 to 100 Å, a range that is useful for probing the global structure of nucleic acids. While steady-state measurements of FRET provide the average distance between donor and acceptor, much more information is available from the analysis of the nanosecond emission decay of the donor in time-resolved FRET (trFRET) experiments. Analysis of the decay in terms of donor–acceptor distance distributions can resolve different conformers in a heterogeneous mixture, providing information on the global structure and flexibility of each species as well as their equilibrium populations. In this review, we outline the principles of trFRET and the methods used to incorporate fluorescent probes into DNA and RNA. Examples of specific applications are presented to illustrate the versatility of trFRET as a tool to define global structures, to identify conformational heterogeneity and flexibility, to investigate the energetics of tertiary structure formation and to probe structural rearrangements of nucleic acids. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopoly (Nucleic Acid Sci) 61: 159–179, 2002
Contact Mechanics (1985)

This treatise is concerned with the stresses and deformation of solid bodies in contact with each other, along curved surfaces which touch initially at a point or along a line. Examples are a railway wheel and rail, or a pair of gear wheel teeth. Professor Johnson first reviews the development of the theory of contact stresses since the problem was originally addressed by H. Hertz in 1882. Next he discusses the influence of friction and the topographical roughness of surfaces, and this is incorporated into the theory of contact mechanics. An important feature is the treatment of bodies which deform plastically or viscoelastically. In addition to stationary contact, an appreciable section of the book is concerned with bodies which are in sliding or rolling contact, or which collide.
A Systems Approach to Controlling Supramolecular Architecture and Emergent Solution Properties via Host−Guest Complexation in Water (2010)

The assembly behavior of aryl/alkyl imidazolium ionic liquid salts in aqueous solution has been investigated. These salts undergo self-assembly into one-dimensional stacks via hydrophobic and π-π interactions upon increasing concentration, which led to a substantial increase in the solution viscosity in water. Addition of the macrocyclic host molecules cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) were found to effectively alter the supramolecular assemblies, as evidenced from the dramatic increase (by CB[7]) and decrease (by CB[8]) in solution viscosity and aggregation size in water, on account of the different binding stoichiometries, 1:1 complexation with CB[7] and 2:1 complexation with CB[8]. Furthermore, the aggregate architectures were controllably modified by competitive guests for the CB[n] hosts. This complex supramolecular systems approach has tremendous implications in the fields of molecular sensor design, nonlinear viscosity modification, and controlled release of target molecules from a defined supramolecular scaffold in water.
Epithelial Tissues Have Varying Degrees of Susceptibility to KrasG12D-Initiated Tumorigenesis in a Mouse Model (2011)

Activating mutations in the Kras gene are commonly found in some but not all epithelial cancers. In order to understand the susceptibility of different epithelial tissues to Kras-induced tumorigenesis, we introduced one of the most common Kras mutations, Kras(G12D), broadly in epithelial tissues. We used a mouse model in which the G12D mutation is placed in the endogenous Kras locus controlled by inducible, Cre-mediated recombination in tissues expressing cytokeratin 19 including the oral cavity, GI tract, lungs, and ducts of the liver, kidney, and the pancreas. Introduction of the Kras(G12D) mutation in adult mouse tissues led to neoplastic changes in some but not all of these tissues. Notably, many hyperplasias, metaplasias and adenomas were observed in the oral cavity, stomach, colon and lungs, suggesting that exposure to products of the outside environment promotes Kras(G12D)-initiated tumorigenesis. However, environmental exposure did not consistently correlate with tumor formation, such as in the small intestine, suggesting that there are also intrinsic differences in susceptibility to Kras activation. The pancreas developed small numbers of mucinous metaplasias with characteristics of early stage pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanINs), supporting the hypothesis that pancreatic ducts have the potential to give rise pancreatic cancer.
Natural Products for Cancer-Targeted Therapy: Citrus Flavonoids as Potent Chemopreventive Agents (2012)

Targeted therapy has been a very promising strategy of drug development research. Many molecular mechanims of diseases have been known to be regulated by abundance of proteins, such as receptors and hormones. Chemoprevention for treatment and prevention of diseases are continuously developed. Pre-clinical and clinical studies in chemoprevention field yielded many valuable data in preventing the onset of disease and suppressing the progress of their growth, making chemoprevention a challenging and a very rational strategy in future researches. Natural products being rich of flavonoids are those fruits belong to the genus citrus. Ethanolic extract of Citrus reticulata and Citrus aurantiifolia peels showed anticarcinogenic, antiproliferative, co-chemotherapeutic and estrogenic effects. Several examples of citrus flavonoids that are potential as chemotherapeutic agents are tangeretin, nobiletin, hesperetin, hesperidin, naringenin, and naringin. Those flavonoids have been shown to possess inhibition activity on certain cancer cells' growth through various mechanisms. Moreover, citrus flavonoids also perform promising effect in combination with several chemotherapeutic agents against the growth of cancer cells. Some mechanisms involved in those activities are through cell cycle modulation, antiangiogenic effect, and apoptosis induction. Previous studies showed that tangeretin suppressed the growth of T47D breast cancer cells by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. While in combination with tamoxifen, doxorubicin, and 5-FU, respectively, it was proven to be synergist on several cancer cells. Hesperidin and naringenin increased cytotoxicitity of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells and HeLa cells. Besides, citrus flavonoids also performed estrogenic effect in vivo. One example is hesperidin having the ability to decrease the concentration of serum and hepatic lipid and reduce osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats. Those studies showed the great potential of citrus fruits as natural product to be developed as not only the source of co-chemotherapeutic agents, but also phyto-estrogens. Therefore, further study needs to be conducted to explore the potential of citrus fruits in overcoming cancer.
Transient expression of doublecortin during adult neurogenesis (2003)

During development of the central nervous system, expression of the microtubule binding protein doublecortin (DCX) is associated with migration of neuroblasts. In addition to this developmental role, expression of DCX remains high within certain areas of the adult mammalian brain. These areas, mainly the dentate gyrus and the lateral ventricle wall in conjunction with the rostral migratory stream and olfactory bulb, retain the capacity to generate new neurons into adulthood. Adult neurogenesis is typically detected by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into dividing cells and colabeling of BrdU-positive cells with markers for mature neurons. To elucidate whether DCX could act as an alternative indicator for adult neurogenesis, we investigated the temporal expression pattern of DCX in neurogenic regions of the adult brain. Analysis of newly generated cells showed that DCX is transiently expressed in proliferating progenitor cells and newly generated neuroblasts. As the newly generated cells began expressing mature neuronal markers, DCX immunoreactivity decreased sharply below the level of detection and remained undetectable thereafter. The transient expression pattern of DCX in neuronal committed progenitor cells/neuroblasts indicates that DCX could be developed into a suitable marker for adult neurogenesis and may provide an alternative to BrdU labeling. This assumption is further supported by our observation that the number of DCX-expressing cells in the dentate gyrus was decreased with age according to the reduction of neurogenesis in the aging dentate gyrus previously reported.
Generation and reactions of 3-lithio-1-(phenylsulfonyl)indole (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration and reactions of 3-lithio-1-(phenylsulfonyl)indoleMark G. Saulnier and Gordon W. GribbleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 5, 757–761Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00344a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00344a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2443Altmetric-Citations156LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Seroepidemiology of Campylobacter pyloridis. (1986)

A total of 1158 sera were tested by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG and IgA antibodies to Campylobacter pyloridis. When used to test sera from gastroendoscopy patients this method had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 75%. Ninety-eight of 108 infected patients (91%) were seropositive whereas only 23 of 92 (25%) uninfected patients were seropositive (p less than 0.001). Positive serology was also associated with histological gastritis (p less than 0.001). When sera from occupational groups were compared to random blood donor sera, meat workers, freezing works veterinary surgeons and pest control officers had significantly higher seropositivity. Cook Island (33 of 85 (39%)), Samoan (57 of 129 (44%)) and Tongan (39 of 56 (70%)) blood donors also had greater seropositivity than random blood donors (15 of 102 (15%)), (p less than 0.001 for all three ethnic groups). Seropositivity increased with age. The results indicate that C pyloridis infection is common among certain groups within New Zealand. The implication of this finding with respect to the hypothesis that C pyloridis is aetiologically related to dyspepsia and peptic ulcer disease is discussed.
Ultra-Thin Phase-Change Bridge Memory Device Using GeSb (2006)

An ultra-thin phase-change bridge (PCB) memory cell, implemented with doped GeSb, is shown with < 100muA RESET current. The device concept provides for simplified scaling to small cross-sectional area (60nm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) through ultra-thin (3nm) films; the doped GeSb phase-change material offers the potential for both fast crystallization and good data retention