gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistical Parametric Speech Synthesis Based on Speaker and Language Factorization (2012)

An increasingly common scenario in building speech synthesis and recognition systems is training on inhomogeneous data. This paper proposes a new framework for estimating hidden Markov models on data containing both multiple speakers and multiple languages. The proposed framework, speaker and language factorization, attempts to factorize speaker-/language-specific characteristics in the data and then model them using separate transforms. Language-specific factors in the data are represented by transforms based on cluster mean interpolation with cluster-dependent decision trees. Acoustic variations caused by speaker characteristics are handled by transforms based on constrained maximum-likelihood linear regression. Experimental results on statistical parametric speech synthesis show that the proposed framework enables data from multiple speakers in different languages to be used to: train a synthesis system; synthesize speech in a language using speaker characteristics estimated in a different language; and adapt to a new language.
Multiscale seismic waveform inversion (1995)

Abstract Iterative inversion methods have been unsuccessful at inverting seismic data obtained from complicated earth models (e.g. the Marmousi model), the primary difficulty being the presence of numerous local minima in the objective function. The presence of local minima at all scales in the seismic inversion problem prevent iterative methods of inversion from attaining a reasonable degree of convergence to the neighborhood of the global minimum. The multigrid method is a technique that improves the performance of iterative inversion by decomposing the problem by scale. At long scales there are fewer local minima and those that remain are further apart from each other. Thus, at long scales iterative methods can get closer to the neighborhood of the global minimum. We apply the multigrid method to a subsampled, low-frequency version of the Marmousi data set. Although issues of source estimation, source bandwidth, and noise are not treated, results show that iterative inversion methods perform much better when employed with a decomposition by scale. Furthermore, the method greatly reduces the computational burden of the inversion that will be of importance for 3-D extensions to the method.
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides as Vaccine Adjuvants in Primates (2002)

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants in mice, boosting the humoral and cellular response to coadministered Ags. CpG ODN that stimulate human PBMC are only weakly active in mice. Thus, alternative animal models are needed to monitor the activity and safety of "human" CpG ODN in vivo. This work demonstrates that rhesus macaques recognize and respond to the same CpG motifs that trigger human immune cells. Coadministering CpG ODN with heat-killed Leishmania vaccine provided significantly increased protection of macaques against cutaneous Leishmania infection. These findings indicate that rhesus macaques provide a useful model for studying the in vivo activity of human CpG motifs, and that ODN expressing these motifs act as strong immune adjuvants.
Examining Neural Synchrony in Autism During Resting State With Magnetoencephalography (MEG) (2011)

The present study examined young adult participation in sexting: a transmission of nude or semi-nude images or sexually suggestive text of themselves to others through cell phones. An online survey was conducted Spring 2010 at large northwest university. Results revealed that nearly two thirds of participants had sent nude or semi-nude pictures of themselves. Cell phones were reported as the primary medium in transmission of sext messages. Nearly half of those who have participated in sexting had sent them to a boyfriend or girlfriend, while 15% sent them to someone they only knew online. To be sexy or to initiate sexual intercourse was the main reason given for sending sext messages. There were significant differences found between those who have sent nude or semi-nude pictures of themselves and those who have not. The total number of sexual intercourse partners and number of oral sex (performed) partners appear to be higher among those who have sent sext messages. Given the lack of scientific research on this topic, current and future research will allow educators, parents and communities to make choices that are more informed in regards to sexting and to understand the ever-changing advances that technology and evolution has on society.
APAP, a sequence‐pattern recognition approach identifies substance P as a potential apoptotic peptide (2001)

We have previously described a novel cancer chemotherapeutic approach based on the induction of apoptosis in targeted cells by homing pro-apoptotic peptides. In order to improve this approach we developed a computational method (approach for detecting potential apoptotic peptides, APAP) to detect short PAPs, based on the prediction of the helical content of peptides, the hydrophobic moment, and the isoelectric point. PAPs are toxic against bacteria and mitochondria, but not against mammalian cells when applied extracellularly. Among other peptides, substance P was identified as a PAP and subsequently demonstrated to be a pro-apoptotic peptide experimentally. APAP thus provides a method to detect and ultimately improve pro-apoptotic peptides for chemotherapy.
Conditional Deletion of the Mouse Klf4 Gene Results in Corneal Epithelial Fragility, Stromal Edema, and Loss of Conjunctival Goblet Cells (2006)

The Krüppel-like transcription factor KLF4 is among the most highly expressed transcription factors in the mouse cornea (B. Norman, J. Davis, and J. Piatigorsky, Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:429-440, 2004). Here, we deleted the Klf4 gene selectively in the surface ectoderm-derived structures of the eye (cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids, and lens) by mating Klf4-LoxP mice (J. P. Katz, N. Perreault, B. G. Goldstein, C. S. Lee, P. A. Labosky, V. W. Yang, and K. H. Kaestner, Development 129:2619-2628, 2002) with Le-Cre mice (R. Ashery-Padan, T. Marquardt, X. Zhou, and P. Gruss, Genes Dev. 14:2701-2711, 2000). Klf4 conditional null (Klf4CN) embryos developed normally, and the adult mice were viable and fertile. Unlike the wild type, the Klf4CN cornea consisted of three to four epithelial cell layers; swollen, vacuolated basal epithelial and endothelial cells; and edematous stroma. The conjunctiva lacked goblet cells, and the anterior cortical lens was vacuolated in Klf4CN mice. Excessive cell sloughing resulted in fewer epithelial cell layers in spite of increased cell proliferation at the Klf4CN ocular surface. Expression of the keratin-12 and aquaporin-5 genes was downregulated, consistent with the Klf4CN corneal epithelial fragility and stromal edema, respectively. These observations provide new insights into the role of KLF4 in postnatal maturation and maintenance of the ocular surface and suggest that the Klf4CN mouse is a useful model for investigating ocular surface pathologies such as dry eye, Meesmann's dystrophy, and Steven's-Johnson syndrome.
Developments in anti-complement therapy; from disease to clinical trial (2018)

The complement system is well known for its role in innate immunity and in maintenance of tissue homeostasis, providing a first line of defence against infection and playing a key role in flagging apoptotic cells and debris for disposal. Unfortunately complement also contributes to pathogenesis of a number of diseases; in some cases driving pathology, and in others amplifying or exacerbating the inflammatory and damaging impact of non-complement disease triggers. The role of complement in pathogenesis of an expanding number of diseases has driven industry and academia alike to develop an impressive arsenal of anti-complement drugs which target different proteins and functions of the complement cascade. Evidence from genetic and biochemical analyses, combined with improved identification of complement biomarkers and supportive data from sophisticated animal models of disease, has driven a drug development landscape in which the indications selected for clinical trial cluster in three 'target' tissues: the kidney, eye and vasculature. While the disease triggers may differ, complement activation and amplification is a common feature in many diseases which affect these three tissues. An abundance of drugs are in clinical development, some show favourable progression whereas others experience significant challenges. However, these hurdles in themselves drive an ever-evolving portfolio of 'next-generation' drugs with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties. In this review we discuss the indications which are in the drug development 'spotlight' and review the relevant indication validation criteria. We present current progress in clinical trials, highlighting successes and difficulties, and look forward to approval of a wide selection of drugs for use in man which give clinicians choice in mechanistic target, modality and route of delivery.
Absorbed fractions for electrons and beta particles in spheres of various sizes. (1994)

These calculated absorbed fractions are valuable in estimating electron energy loss from small spherical structures and may be useful in estimating the radiation dose to these small volumes.
Molecular Mechanical and Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Glycoproteins and Oligosaccharides. 1. GLYCAM_93 Parameter Development (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Mechanical and Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Glycoproteins and Oligosaccharides. 1. GLYCAM_93 Parameter DevelopmentRobert J. Woods, Raymond A. Dwek, Christopher J. Edge, and Bert Fraser-ReidCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 11, 3832–3846Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100011a061https://doi.org/10.1021/j100011a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1040Altmetric-Citations389LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Writing on dirty paper (Corresp.) (1983)

A channel with output <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y = X + S + Z</tex> is examined, The state <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S \sim N(0, QI)</tex> and the noise <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z \sim N(0, NI)</tex> are multivariate Gaussian random variables ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</tex> is the identity matrix.). The input <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X \in R^{n}</tex> satisfies the power constraint <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(l/n) \sum_{i=1}^{n}X_{i}^{2} \leq P</tex> . If <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> is unknown to both transmitter and receiver then the capacity is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{1}{2} \ln (1 + P/( N + Q))</tex> nats per channel use. However, if the state <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> is known to the encoder, the capacity is shown to be <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C^{\ast} =\frac{1}{2} \ln (1 + P/N)</tex> , independent of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> . This is also the capacity of a standard Gaussian channel with signal-to-noise power ratio <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P/N</tex> . Therefore, the state <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> does not affect the capacity of the channel, even though <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> is unknown to the receiver. It is shown that the optimal transmitter adapts its signal to the state <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> rather than attempting to cancel it.
A simple route to azaborinylphosphines: isoelectronic B–N analogues of arylphosphine ligands (2013)

Azaborinylphosphines are readily prepared by the reaction of silylphosphines with a chloroborane under mild conditions; they are shown to contain P-B bonds that are sufficiently robust to allow these ligands to be used in homogeneous catalysis.
Detection of electrical defects with SEMVision in semiconductor production mode manufacturing (2016)

In the semiconductor manufacturing process, defects often occur due to a marginal process window that affects the lithography and etch processes. These defects can result in bridging patterns and overlay issues, which consequently cause electrical shorts and partially etched vias producing electrical opens. SEM tools are used to find electrical failures through voltage contrast techniques. Manufacturers who fabricate with older process technology nodes often need to use their tool set more efficiently. This paper demonstrates an application of conventional SEM review with image to golden reference image inspection capabilities in Automatic Process Inspection (API ) mode to perform electrical inspections of die features. This paper details how to use a SEM review tool to detect systematic electrical defects. This methodology can prove beneficial while monitoring and developing patterning techniques for a specific design rule by catching electrical shorts and opens that are more visible at a lower resolution inspection used in process monitoring. Outcomes of this effort show that conventional review SEM techniques, using known areas prone to process inconsistencies derived from features pushing the design rule, have the capability to effectively and efficiently monitor fabrication process while implemented in a production setting at process nodes between 100 to 200 nm. Using e-beam review tools offers several advantages and disadvantages. This paper demonstrates that by using a SEM review tool and selecting die locations for imaging that are more likely to fail electrically, manufacturers can use SEM automatic review capabilities more effectively and efficiently. The application developed may also be applied in fabrication facilities that have limited yield monitoring capacity. This paper is a result of collaboration between Applied Materials and Microchip Technology Inc.
A New Master Control System for NHK's Local Stations (1985)

A new automatic TV/radio master control system has been developed jointly by NHK and NEC Corp. for installation at NHK's local stations. The system automatically transmits two TV channels, two medium-wave radio channels, and one FM radio channel at a time. The system features distributed processing using microcomputers and a hybrid integrated circuit technique. This article describes the master control equipment from a technical standpoint.
Synthesis and Biological Activity Test of Some New Five Membered Heterocycles (2010)

Abstract A new series of 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles, 1,2,4‐triazoles, 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles were synthesized using alkylhydrazides as the starting materials, and then 1,2,4‐triazoles were used to synthesize [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐ b ][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. All the compounds were evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity and antitumor activity.
Network capabilities in support of multimedia applications (2002)

The broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN) promises to offer customers a vast array of services based on fiber optic transmission, high-speed switching and multiplexing, and access to a wide range of shared resources. Customers will use these services to support applications which are expected to become increasingly multimedia oriented. Types of media that can be used include voice, stereo audio, text, encoded data, raster and vector graphics, still images, and full-motion video. Emerging multimedia applications are examined, and some of the network capabilities needed to support these applications are discussed. A service primitives architecture is proposed as a flexible framework on which network capabilities can be defined. A server-based approach is suggested as a method of flexibly managing network capabilities in a service primitives environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[Study on preparation and oral efficacy of insulin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles]. (2002)

PLGA-NPs might be used as a new oral carrier for protein drug delivery systems in the future.
Mapping of a disease locus for familial rapidly progressive frontotemporal dementia to chromosome 17q12-21 (1997)

Familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex disorder with lack of distinctive histopathological markers found in other types of dementia. Most of the linkage reports from FTD families map the disease loci to chromosome 17q21-22. However, FTD is genetically heterogeneous, as linkage also has been reported to chromosome 3. In the present study, we investigated the genetics of a Swedish family with an early-onset type of rapidly progressive FTD, associated with muscular rigidity and akinetic movements. Neuropathological features such as severe frontal lobe degeneration, spongy changes, and gliosis were present in affected family members. We here report probable linkage to chromosome 17q12-21 with a maximum two-point lod score of 2.76 at theta = 0 for marker D17S806, and a peak multipoint lod score of 2.86 for the same marker. Linkage to chromosome 3 was excluded, as two-point lod scores of -2.79, and -2.27 at theta = 0.01 for markers D3S1603 and D3S1552, respectively, were obtained. Sequencing of the translated exons of a strong candidate gene in the linked region of chromosome 17, the tau gene, failed to identify any mutations segregating with the disease.
Telecommunication system engineering (1996)

From the Publisher:
Telecommunication System Engineering, Third Edition presents a technical overview of telecommunication networks from a system viewpoint, with the aim of showing how one discipline can interact with another to reach a desired goal. As in previous editions, the author covers all the concepts necessary for a complete understanding of the design of practical telecommunication networks, whether they are meant to carry voice, data, facsimile, telemetry, video, or any combination of these. Both local and long distance (toll) switching and transmission are covered, all in great detail, and two entire chapters are devoted to the subject of signaling. Telecommunication System Engineering, Third Edition remains an ideal reference source for telecommunications managers, technicians, and other practicing professionals as well as advanced students in telecommunications.
15d-PGJ2 and Rosiglitazone Suppress Janus Kinase-STAT Inflammatory Signaling through Induction of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 in Glia (2003)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonists are now emerging as therapeutic drugs for various inflammatory diseases. However, their molecular mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Here we report a novel mechanism that underlies the PPAR-gamma agonist-mediated suppression of brain inflammation. We show that 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) and rosiglitazone reduce the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 as well as Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and JAK2 in activated astrocytes and microglia. The PPAR-gamma agonist-mediated reduction in phosphorylation leads to the suppression of JAK-STAT-dependent inflammatory responses. The effects of 15d-PGJ(2) and rosiglitazone are not mediated by activation of PPAR-gamma. 15d-PGJ(2) and rosiglitazone rapidly induce the transcription of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 and 3, which in turn inhibit JAK activity in activated glial cells. In addition, Src homology 2 domain-containing protein phosphatase 2 (SHP2), another negative regulator of JAK activity, is also involved in their anti-inflammatory action. Our data suggest that 15d-PGJ(2) and rosiglitazone suppress the initiation of JAK-STAT inflammatory signaling independently of PPAR-gamma, thus attenuating brain inflammation.
Abstract IA01: T cells as a drug for the personalized immunotherapy of cancer (2016)

Abstract Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy using T lymphocytes with antitumor activity is a living therapy that can be highly effective in patients with a variety of metastatic cancers. Naturally occurring tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) expanded in vitro and administered following a lymphodepleting preparative regimen mediated objective regression of metastatic melanoma in 56% of 194 patients including complete regressions in 20% of patients who remain ongoing disease-free 3 to 10 years later. Recent studies have shown that TIL recognized random somatic mutations that served as the targets resulting in complete cancer regressions. To extend ACT immunotherapy to additional patients we developed an approach based on deep exomic sequencing and immunologic testing to generate T cells that recognized immunogenic mutations in a variety of human cancer types including esophageal, colorectal, bile duct, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian and lung cancer. Targeting these unique mutations opens the possibility of using ACT to treat patients with common epithelial cancers. We used this approach to treat a patient with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma using autologous mutation-reactive T cells and mediated regression of lung and liver metastases ongoing at two years. In addition to the use of naturally occurring mutation-reactive cells, we have genetically engineered autologous lymphocytes to express antitumor T-cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) for use in ACT immunotherapy. These cells can mediate durable cancer regressions in heavily pretreated patients with refractory lymphomas, sarcomas, and melanoma. Thus autologous T cells can be used to provide a highly personalized therapy for cancer patients refractory to conventional cancer treatments. Citation Format: Steven Rosenberg. T cells as a drug for the personalized immunotherapy of cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA01.