gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of oscillator phase using a fiber-optic delay-line (2002)

The authors describe an electronic oscillator phase stabilizer based on a fiber-optic delay-line. Excellent agreement between calculated and first experimental results was obtained for this fiber-optic stabilized electronic oscillator (FOSO) at 100 MHz and 7.8 GHz. Expressions are derived for the FOSO phase noise performance and optimum fiber length, based on the noise contributions of the various components. The predicted performance of the FOSO expected with improved system components is also calculated. The FOSO is tunable over an extremely wide frequency range, with phase noise performance rivaling that of good resonant-cavity stabilized oscillators, which are constrained to narrowband operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Combinatorial Organic Synthesis Using Parke-Davis's DIVERSOMER Method (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCombinatorial Organic Synthesis Using Parke-Davis's DIVERSOMER MethodSheila Hobbs DeWitt and Anthony W. CzarnikView Author Information BioOrganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105 Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 3, 114–122Publication Date (Web):March 13, 1996Publication History Received16 October 1995Published online13 March 1996Published inissue 13 March 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar950209vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar950209vresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views636Altmetric-Citations120LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Cyclization,Organic polymers,Reagents,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Model based damping of coupled horizontal and vertical oscillations in a flexible rod (1989)

This paper reviews the theory associated with vibrations of angularly accelerated cantilevered beams which display significant gravitational sag (coupling the out-of-plane dynamics of the flexible beam) and formulates a control approach for moving such beams to damp residual first horizontal and vertical modes of oscillation. An experimental implementation of the control strategy using an open-loop, single axis torque that is shaped for simultaneous damping of the horizontal and vertical vibrations is described. The experimental control strategy demonstrates more than 99% reduction in the coupled residual vibrations. 9 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.
Supplemental Oxygen Improves Diabetic Macular Edema: A Pilot Study (2004)

Supplemental inspired oxygen may decrease macular thickness due to DME, suggesting that retinal hypoxia is involved in the development and maintenance of DME.
Thermal insulation by heat resistant polymers for solid rocket motor insulation (2011)

A new method for the development (design, fabrication, and characterization) of asbestos-free rubbers for use as rocket motor insulators is presented. Such insulation is based on chopped carbon fiber (CCF) and aramid fiber in pulp form asreinforcement for ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) along with ammonium polyphosphate (AP) flame retardant agent. Six millimeters long CCFs and/or Kevlar pulp (KP) are dispersed in the EPDM polymeric matrix to obtain a homogenous master batch for curing. The new method involves the development of two types of prepregs andthe lamination of these types of prepregs. The first one consists of CCF/EPDM/AP (50 phr CCF) and the second type of prepreg KP/EPDM/AP (30 phr KP). Laminates composed of six alternative layers of these prepregs have been shown to exhibit better thermal, mechanical, physical, and ablative properties than their non-laminated counterparts.
Rye and Triticale as Feedstock for Fuel Ethanol Production (1997)

ABSTRACT Normal gravity rye and triticale mashes, containing 20–21 g of dissolved solids per 100 mL of mash liquid, were fermented with active dry yeast at 27°C. Fermentations were completed within 48 hr for rye, and within 72 hr for triticale. Supplementation of mashes with urea at a concentration of 8 m M accelerated rates of sugar consumption and fermentation, and reduced fermentation time from 48 to 36 hr for rye, and from 72 to 48 hr for triticale. Rye fermented faster than triticale, due to its higher level of free amino nitrogen. Ethanol yields were 356–363 L/tonne of 14% moisture rye grain, and 362–367 L/tonne of 14% moisture triticale. Fermentation efficiencies, which were 90–91% for triticale, and 91–93% for rye, and ethanol yields were comparable to those obtained from wheat and were not affected significantly by urea supplementation. The replacement of wheats by less expensive crops such as rye and triticale would provide good economic opportunities and alternatives for the fuel alcohol industry.
Defined mutations in the 5' nontranslated sequence of Sindbis virus RNA (1990)

We have constructed 24 deletion mutants which contain deletions of from 1 to 15 nucleotides in the 5' nontranslated region of Sindbis virus RNA and tested the effect of these mutations on virus replication. The results showed that the first 44 nucleotides, which are capable of forming a hairpin structure, are important for virus replication, as all deletions tested in this region were either lethal or resulted in virus that grew poorly in comparison to the parental virus. Many of these deletions had different effects in mosquito cells than in chicken cells, suggesting that cellular factors, presumably proteins, bind to this region. This domain may function in at least two processes in viral replication. It seems likely that in the minus strand, this sequence element is bound by the viral replicase and promotes RNA replication. In the plus strand, this element may modulate initiation of translation of the nonstructural proteins. The results suggest that the hairpin structure itself is important. All deletions within it had deleterious effects on virus replication, and in particular, deletion of one of the G residues at nucleotide 7 or 8 or of one of the C residues at nucleotide 36 or 37 which are theoretically base-paired with these G's resulted in temperature-sensitive viruses that behaved very similarly. In contrast, large deletions between the 44-nucleotide hairpin and the translation start site at nucleotides 60 to 62 resulted in virus that grew as well as or better than the parental virus in both chicken and mosquito cells. The A residue at position 5 of the HRSP strain used was examined in more detail. Deletion of this A was lethal, whereas substitution by G resulted in a virus that grew poorly, despite the fact that G is present at position 5 in the AR339 parent of HRSP. U at position 5 resulted in a virus that grew less well than the A5 strain but better than the G5 mutant.
Composition of the Essential Oil ofChaerophyllum macropodumBoiss. Fruits Obtained by Microdistillation (2006)

Abstract The microdistilled oil of the fruits of Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-one constituents were characterized. The main components were found to be p-cymene (39.3%), spathulenol (7.3%), p-cymen-8-ol (5.9%), octanal (5.2%), (E)-β-ocimene (4.5%), (E)-2-decenal (3.2%) and (Z)-β-farnesene (3.1%).
Molecular genetic defect underlying alpha-L-iduronidase pseudodeficiency. (1996)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (i.e., Hurler, Hurler-Scheie, and Scheie syndromes) and type II (i.e., Hunter syndrome) are lysosomal storage disorders resulting from alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) deficiency and iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) deficiency, respectively. The a priori probability that both disorders would occur in a single individual is approximately 1 in 5 billion. Nevertheless, such a proband was referred for whom clinical findings (i.e., a male with characteristic facies, dysostosis multiplex, and mental retardation) and biochemical tests indicated these concomitant diagnoses. In repeated studies, leukocyte 4 methylumbelliferyl-alpha-L-iduronidase activities in this kindred were as follows: <1.0 nmol/mg protein/h in the proband and proband's clinically normal sister; 45.3 in mother; and 45.7 in father (normal range 65.0-140). Leukocyte L-O-(alpha-iduronate-2-sulfate)-(1->4)-D-O-2,5-anhydro[1-3H]mannitol-6- sulfate activities were as follows: 0.0 U/mg protein/h in the proband; 5.7 in his sister; 4.9 in mother; and 15.0 in father (normal range 11.0-18.4). Multiple techniques, including automated sequencing of the entire IDS and IDUA coding regions, were employed to unravel the molecular genetic basis of these intriguing observations. The common IDS mutation R468W was identified in the proband, his mother, and his sister, thus explaining their biochemical phenotypes. Additionally, the proband, his sister, and his father were found to be heterozygous for a common IDUA mutation, W402X. Notably, a new IDUA mutation A300T was also identified in the proband, his sister, and his mother, accounting for reduced IDUA activity in these individuals; the asymptomatic sister, whose cells demonstrated normal glycosaminoglycan metabolism, is thus a compound heterozygote for W402X and the new allele. This A300T mutation is the first IDUA pseudodeficiency gene to be elucidated at the molecular level.
Phase and amplitude control in the formation and detection of rotational wave packets in the E 1Σg+ state of Li2 (1998)

Femtosecond laser pulse amplitude/phase masking techniques are employed to control the formation and detection of rotational wave packets in the electronic E 1Σg+ state of lithium dimer. The wave packets are prepared by coherent excitation of rovibronic E 1Σg+(νE,JE) states of Li2 from a single intermediate state, A 1Σu+(νA=11, JA=28), and probed by time-resolved photoionization. In the detection step, the wave packet is projected onto the X 2Σg+ state of Li2+. New resonance structure in the X 2Σu+ ionic state continuum is obtained by measuring the wave packet signal modulation amplitude as a function of the frequencies removed from the spectrally dispersed probe pulse by insertion of a wire mask in a single-grating pulse shaper. A split glass phase mask inserted into the pulse shaper is used to produce step function changes in the spectral phase of the pulse. The phase relation among the wave packet states is varied by changing the relative phases of spectral components in the pump pulse and is monitored by measuring the changes in the phase of the rotational wave packet recurrences using an unmodified probe pulse. By altering the relative phases among the wave packet components, the spatial distribution of the initial wave packet probability density is varied, resulting in phase-dependent “alignment” of the probability density in angular space. Phase changes in the signal recurrences are also observed when a phase modified pulse is used in the wave packet detection step after wave packet preparation with an unmodified pulse. The formation and detection of the wave packets is discussed in terms of quantum interference between different excitation routes. The relative phase factors encoded in a single optical pulse (pump or probe) are transferred into the interference term of the measured signal through the molecule–photon interaction.
Relative Reactivity of the Aromatic Ring in Benzo-1,3-dioxole, Its Cyclohomologues and Veratrole (1981)

A study of the reactivities of benzo-1.3dioxole( I , n=l), benzo-1.4-dioxane(1, n=2), benzo-1.5-dioxepane(1, n .3 ) and veratrole (2) is of great interest, since those 1,2-dialkoxybenzenes are essential structural fragments of many natural and synthetic biologically active substances1.'and the synthesis of their derivatives often results in the formation of new compounds of practical interest.'However, many aspects of reactivity and other properties of compounds & and 2 have received insufficient study and the standpoints referred to in publications are of contradictory nature and need additional experimental verification.2-13 * Potential curve of methoxy-group rotation around the CAr-0 bond in veratrole ha8 no sharp energy minimums.
(1‐PYRENYL)METHYL CARBAMATES FOR FLUORESCENT “CAGED” AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES (1995)

Abstract A highly fluorescent 1‐pyrenylmethyloxycarbonyl amino acid (Pmoc‐amino acid) is obtained in moderate yield by the reaction of (1‐pyrenylmethyl)‐4‐nitrophenylcarbonate with an amino acid in the presence of sodium carbonate. The condensation of Pmoc‐amino acid with an amino acid gives Pmoc‐peptide in the presence of 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminepropyl)carbodiimide and 1‐hydroxyben‐zotriazole. The amino acid is recovered from an H 2 O‐dioxane (2:3) solution of Pmoc‐amino acid by irradiation through a Pyrex filter with a medium pressure Hg lamp or at 340 nm. Although the quantum yield of the photolysis is rather low ( ca 0.01), the photolysis proceeds fast and efficiently due to the large absorption coefficient of Pmoc‐amino acid at around 340 nm. Thus, the use of Pmoc‐amino acid as a “caged” amino acid is promising.
Expression profiling the human septin gene family (2005)

The septins are an evolutionarily conserved family of GTP-binding proteins involved in diverse processes including vesicle trafficking, apoptosis, remodelling of the cytoskeleton, infection, neurodegeneration, and neoplasia. The present paper reports a comprehensive study of septin gene expression by DNA microarray methods in 10 360 samples of normal, diseased, and tumour tissues. A novel septin, SEPT13, has been identified and is shown to be related to SEPT7. It is shown that SEPT13 and the other known human septins are expressed in all tissue types but some show high expression in lymphoid (SEPT1, 6, 9, and 12) or brain tissues (SEPT2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11). For a given septin, some isoforms are highly expressed in the brain and others are not. For example, SEPT8_v2 and v1, 1* and 3 are highly expressed in the brain and cluster with SEPT2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 11. However, a probe set specific for SEPT8_v1 with low brain expression clusters away from this set. Similarly, SEPT4 has lymphoid and non-lymphoid forms; SEPT2 has lymphoid and central nervous system (CNS) forms; and SEPT6 and SEPT9 are elevated in lymphoid tissues but both have forms that cluster away from the lymphoid forms. Perturbation of septin expression was widespread in disease and tumours of the various tissues examined, particularly for conditions of the CNS, where alterations in all 13 septin genes were identified. This analysis provides a comprehensive catalogue of the septin family in health and disease. It is a key step in understanding the role of septins in physiological and pathological states and provides insight into the complexity of septin biology.
Bordetella pertussis Infection in 2-Month-Old Infants Promotes Type 1 T Cell Responses (2003)

Neonatal immaturity of the immune system is currently believed to generally limit the induction of immune responses to vaccine Ags and to skew them toward type 2 responses. We demonstrated here that Bordetella pertussis infection in very young infants (median, 2 mo old) as well as the first administration of whole-cell pertussis vaccine induces B. pertussis Ag-specific IFN-gamma secretion by the PBMC of these infants. IFN-gamma was secreted by both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and the levels of Ag-induced IFN-gamma secretion did not correlate with the age of the infants. Appearance of the specific Th-1 cell-mediated immunity was accompanied by a general shift of the cytokine secretion profile of these infants toward a stronger Th1 profile, as evidenced by the response to a polyclonal stimulation. We conclude that the immune system of 2-mo-old infants is developmentally mature enough to develop Th1 responses in vivo upon infection by B. pertussis or vaccination with whole-cell pertussis vaccines.
CXC and CC Chemokines Form Mixed Heterodimers (2008)

CXC and CC chemokines are involved in numerous biological processes, and their function in situ may be significantly influenced by heterodimer formation, as was recently reported, for example, for CXC chemokines CXCL4/PF4 and CXCL8/IL8 that interact to form heterodimers that modulate chemotactic and cell proliferation activities. Here we used molecular dynamics simulations to determine relative association free energies (overall average and per residue) for homo- and heterodimer pairs of CXC (CXCL4/PF4, CXCL8/IL8, CXCL1/Gro-alpha, and CXCL7/NAP-2) and CC (CCL5/RANTES, CCL2/MCP-1, and CCL8/MCP-2) chemokines. Even though structural homology among monomer folds of all CXC and CC chemokines permits heterodimer assembly, our calculated association free energies depend upon the particular pair of chemokines in terms of the net electrostatic and nonelectrostatic forces involved, as well as (for CC/CXC mixed chemokines) the selection of dimer type (CC or CXC). These relative free energies indicate that association of some pairs of chemokines is more favorable than others. Our approach is validated by correlation of calculated and experimentally determined free energies. Results are discussed in terms of CXC and CC chemokine function and have significant biological implications.
Long-term mechanical ventilation with hygroscopic heat and moisture exchangers used for 48 hours: A prospective clinical, hygrometric, and bacteriologic study (2003)

These two purely hygroscopic HMEs provided safe and efficient humidification during a 48-hr period of use in long-term mechanically ventilated medical intensive care unit patients, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. In addition, they maintained ventilatory circuits clean, despite the absence of filtering media. The cost of mechanical ventilation is consequently reduced.
A tunable liquid lens driven by a concentric annular electroactive actuator (2014)

We present a membrane sealed fluidic lens that is hydrostatically connected to a concentric ring-shaped electroactive elastomer. Electrical activation deforms the ring-shaped elastomer, which induces fluid passage between the lens part and the actuation part of the membrane. This changes the lens's shape and therefore the focal length. The focal length ranges from 25.4 mm to 105.2 mm can be obtained with a voltage bias of 1.0 kV. Comparing to the existing fluidic lenses driven by electroactive polymers, this lens has a wider range of refractive power at a significantly lower actuation voltage. Our device finds applications in miniaturized optical components where adaptive focalization is paramount.
Resistance Mechanisms for the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Ibrutinib (2014)

Resistance to the irreversible BTK inhibitor ibrutinib often involves mutation of a cysteine residue where ibrutinib binding occurs. This finding, combined with two additional mutations in PLCγ2 that are immediately downstream of BTK, underscores the importance of the B-cell-receptor pathway in the mechanism of action of ibrutinib in CLL. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others.).
Rapid ultrasensitive detection platform for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (2019)

Rapid detection and phenotyping of pathogenic microbes is critical for administration of effective antibiotic therapies and for impeding the spread of antibiotic resistance. Here, we present a novel platform, rapid ultrasensitive detector (RUSD), that utilizes the high reflectance coefficient at high incidence angles when light travels from low- to high-refractive-index media. RUSD leverages a principle that does not require complex manufacturing, labeling, or processing steps. Utilizing RUSD, we can detect extremely low cell densities (optical density [OD] ≥ 5 × 10-7) that correspond to approximately 20 bacterial cells or a single fungal cell in the detection volume, which is nearly 4 orders of magnitude more sensitive than standard OD methods. RUSD can measure minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of commonly used antibiotics against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, within 2 to 4 h. Here, we demonstrate that antibiotic susceptibility tests for several pathogens can rapidly be performed with RUSD using both small inoculum sizes (500 cells/mL) and larger inoculum sizes (5 × 105 cells/mL) used in standard antibiotic susceptibility tests. We anticipate that the RUSD system will be particularly useful for the cases in which antibiotic susceptibility tests have to be done with a limited number of bacterial cells that are available. Its compatibility with standard antibiotic susceptibility tests, simplicity, and low cost can make RUSD a viable and rapidly deployed diagnostic tool.
Molecular cloning of a novel hyaluronan receptor that mediates tumor cell motility (1992)

A cDNA encoding a unique hyaluronan receptor has been molecularly cloned from a lambda GT11 3T3 cDNA expression library. Immunoblot analyses of cell lysates, using antibodies to peptides encoded in the cDNA, specifically react with a 58-kD protein. This protein is regulated by the mutant H-ras gene in cells containing a metallothionein promoter H-ras hybrid gene. Further, antibodies to peptide sequences encoded in the cDNA block the increase in locomotion resulting from induction of the mutant H-ras gene in this cell line. In a transblot assay, the bacterially expressed protein binds to biotinylated hyaluronan. Antibodies to peptides encoded in the cDNA react in immunoblot assays with the 58- and 52-kD proteins of a novel hyaluronan receptor complex previously implicated in cell locomotion. Furthermore, antibodies specific to the 58- and 52-kD proteins, which block ras-induced locomotion, also cross-react with the expressed, encoded protein. The gene product described here appears to be a new type of hyaluronan receptor that is involved in cell locomotion. It is named RHAMM, an acronym for receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility.
A Soluble Active Mutant of HIV-1 Integrase (1996)

Structural studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase have been impeded by the low solubility of the protein. By systematic replacement of hydrophobic residues, we previously identified a single amino acid change (F185K) that dramatically improved the solubility of the catalytic domain of HIV-1 integrase and enabled the structure to be determined by x-ray crystallography. We have introduced the same mutation into full-length HIV-1 integrase. The resulting recombinant protein is soluble and fully active in vitro, whereas, HIV-1 carrying the mutation is replication-defective due to improper virus assembly. Analysis of the recombinant protein by gel filtration and sedimentation equilibrium demonstrate a dimer-tetramer self-association. We find that the regions involved in multimerization map to both the catalytic core and carboxyl-terminal domains. The dramatically improved solubility of this protein make it a good candidate for structural studies.