gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased expression of IGF II mRNA-binding protein 1 mRNA is associated with an advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer (2004)

The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of IGF II mRNA-binding protein (IMP-1, -2, and -3) mRNA in epithelial ovarian tumors, and to identify the association of IMP-1, -2, and -3 expression levels with patient survival. IMP mRNA expression levels were examined by semi-quantitative PCR in 59 epithelial ovarian tumors (8 adenomas, 5 LMP tumors, and 46 adenocarcinomas) and in 7 normal ovaries. Results of semiquantitative PCR were correlated with clinicopathological variables and overall survival. Human normal and tumor tissue cDNAs were included in all of the analyses. The IMP family mRNA expression was detected in almost all cancer tissues examined, including breast, lung, colon, prostatic, and ovarian carcinoma with the exception of pancreatic carcinoma. The mean value of the relative IMP-1 mRNA expression ratio was significantly higher in both ovarian cancer and adenoma samples compared to normal ovarian samples (p<0.05). IMP-2 and IMP-3 expression levels were significantly higher in both ovarian cancer and ovarian LMP tumor samples compared to either ovarian adenomas or to normal ovary samples (p<0.05). A significantly higher IMP-1 mRNA expression level was observed in patients with an advanced clinical stage (p=0.015) and high histological grade (p=0.023). Log-rank testing showed that IMP-1 overexpression (p=0.0398) and an advanced clinical stage (p=0.0050) were significantly correlated with poor patient survival, whereas neither IMP-2 nor IMP-3 overexpression were associated with poor prognoses. In multivariate analysis, IMP-1 overexpression lost its significance, whereas the clinical stage (p=0.0432) remained significantly associated with overall survival. IMP mRNA expression levels might play an important role in ovarian cancer development and progression, and IMP-1 overexpression is a prognostic marker for patients with ovarian cancer.
Location and nature of carbohydrate groups in proform of human major basic protein isolated from pregnancy serum. (1994)

From human pregnancy serum we have isolated the proform of eosinophil major basic protein (proMBP), which forms a complex with pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), PAPP-A/proMBP. It is shown that proMBP contains O-linked glycan bound to Ser-24, Thr-25 (fully substituted), and to Thr-23 and Thr-34 (partially substituted). N-linked glycan is bound to Asn-86 and O-linked glycosaminoglycan is bound to Ser-62 (both fully substituted). From the RP-HPLC elution profile and mass spectra of tryptic peptides it is found that proMBP is extremely heterogeneous with respect to glycosylation.
Non‐invasive risk assessment of fetal sex chromosome aneuploidy through directed analysis and incorporation of fetal fraction (2014)

Analysis of the risk for sex chromosome aneuploidies can be accomplished with a targeted assay with high sensitivity.
Biosynthesis of the Lantibiotic Mersacidin: Organization of a Type B Lantibiotic Gene Cluster (2000)

The biosynthetic gene cluster (12.3 kb) of mersacidin, a lanthionine-containing antimicrobial peptide, is located on the chromosome of the producer, Bacillus sp. strain HIL Y-85,54728 in a region that corresponds to 348 degrees on the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis 168. It consists of 10 open reading frames and contains, in addition to the previously described mersacidin structural gene mrsA (G. Bierbaum, H. Brötz, K.-P. Koller, and H.-G. Sahl, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 127:121-126, 1995), two genes, mrsM and mrsD, coding for enzymes involved in posttranslational modification of the prepeptide; one gene, mrsT, coding for a transporter with an associated protease domain; and three genes, mrsF, mrsG, and mrsE, encoding a group B ABC transporter that could be involved in producer self-protection. Additionally, three regulatory genes are part of the gene cluster, i.e., mrsR2 and mrsK2, which encode a two-component regulatory system which seems to be necessary for the transcription of the mrsFGE operon, and mrsR1, which encodes a protein with similarity to response regulators. Transcription of mrsA sets in at early stationary phase (between 8 and 16 h of culture).
The uncoupling proteins, a review (1998)

Journal Article The uncoupling proteins, a review Get access O Boss, O Boss Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Correspondence should be addressed to O Boss Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Muzzin, P Muzzin Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J P Giacobino J P Giacobino Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 139, Issue 1, Jul 1998, Pages 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1390001 Published: 01 July 1998 Article history Received: 12 February 1998 Accepted: 05 March 1998 Published: 01 July 1998
The Herschel Heritage to Medical Thermography (2016)

The discovery of infrared radiation by William Herschel in 1800 led to John Herschel’s study of solar radiation that he imaged by evaporography. This he termed a thermogram. The measurement of temperature in medicine advanced with Dr Carl Wunderlich, who showed the significance of the use of temperature measurements for diagnosis of fever and for monitoring the course of temperature in relation to disease. It was William and John Herschel’s discovery of infrared radiation that has ultimately opened up many applications for thermal imaging. Radiometric determination of human body (skin) temperature is now achievable. Remote sensing of infrared radiation first developed in the 1940s and has continued to develop steadily since 1960. Modern high speed and high resolution camera systems have now reached a dramatic level of performance at more modest costs, which medicine can now employ for non-invasive and quantifiable imaging. This has applications in many areas of medicine both for diagnostics and monitoring treatment. In recent years the acute threat of pandemic infection has increased, heightened by today’s ever expanding world travel. Special interest has been shown in the potential of thermal imaging for airport and travel screening. This is in effect where Dr Wunderlich’s studies began, and it has yet to be proven that the technique can be responsibly employed for efficient screening of large numbers of the travelling public.
Amphotropic host range of naturally occuring wild mouse leukemia viruses (1976)

Seven murine leukemia virus field isolates (uncloned) from wild mice (Musmusculus) of four widely separated areas in southern California show an unusually wide in vitro host range. They replicate well in human, feline, canine, guinea pig, rabbit, rat, and mouse cells, whereas bovine, hamster, and avian cells are resistant. Since this host range includes that of both mouse tropic (ecotropic) and xenotropic murine leukemia viruses, they are designated as "amphotropic". No purely xenotropic virus component is detectable in these field isolates. They may represent the "wild" or ancestral viruses from which the ecotropic and xenotrophic murine leukemia virus strains of laboratory mice have been derived.
Building a bird recognition app and large scale dataset with citizen scientists: The fine print in fine-grained dataset collection (2015)

We introduce tools and methodologies to collect high quality, large scale fine-grained computer vision datasets using citizen scientists - crowd annotators who are passionate and knowledgeable about specific domains such as birds or airplanes. We worked with citizen scientists and domain experts to collect NABirds, a new high quality dataset containing 48,562 images of North American birds with 555 categories, part annotations and bounding boxes. We find that citizen scientists are significantly more accurate than Mechanical Turkers at zero cost. We worked with bird experts to measure the quality of popular datasets like CUB-200-2011 and ImageNet and found class label error rates of at least 4%. Nevertheless, we found that learning algorithms are surprisingly robust to annotation errors and this level of training data corruption can lead to an acceptably small increase in test error if the training set has sufficient size. At the same time, we found that an expert-curated high quality test set like NABirds is necessary to accurately measure the performance of fine-grained computer vision systems. We used NABirds to train a publicly available bird recognition service deployed on the web site of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
A long and complex enhancer activates transcription of the gene coding for the highly abundant immediate early mRNA in murine cytomegalovirus. (1985)

Using the simian virus 40 "enhancer trap" approach, we have identified a transcription enhancer located just upstream of the major immediate early gene of murine cytomegalovirus. This enhancer has several striking properties. (i) Together with the enhancer of human cytomegalovirus, it is the strongest transcription enhancer found to date. (ii) It is an extremely long enhancer, spanning greater than 700 base pairs. (iii) It consists of a rather complex pattern of sequence repeats, the longest of which is 181 base pairs. Also, several types of short sequence motifs are scattered throughout the enhancer in monomeric, heterodimeric, or homodimeric (palindromic) form. These motifs have been identified to be components of other enhancers and promoters, and they are presumably binding sites for specific nuclear factors. Our analysis suggests that enhancers are composed of a modular arrangement of short conserved sequence motifs and that enhancer strength is correlated with the redundancy of these motifs.
The carbonyl scavenger carnosine ameliorates dyslipidaemia and renal function in Zucker obese rats (2010)

The metabolic syndrome is a risk factor that increases the risk for development of renal and vascular complications. This study addresses the effects of chronic administration of the endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine, L-CAR) and of its enantiomer (β-alanyl-D-histidine, D-CAR) on hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, advanced glycation end products, advanced lipoxidation end products formation and development of nephropathy in the non-diabetic, Zucker obese rat. The Zucker rats received a daily dose of L-CAR or D-CAR (30 mg/kg in drinking water) for 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was recorded monthly. At the end of the treatment, plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, creatinine and urinary levels of total protein, albumin and creatinine were measured. Several indices of oxidative/carbonyl stress were also measured in plasma, urine and renal tissue. We found that both L- and D-CAR greatly reduced obese-related diseases in obese Zucker rat, by significantly restraining the development of dyslipidaemia, hypertension and renal injury, as demonstrated by both urinary parameters and electron microscopy examinations of renal tissue. Because the protective effect elicited by L- and D-CAR was almost superimposable, we conclude that the pharmacological action of L-CAR is not due to a pro-histaminic effect (D-CAR is not a precursor of histidine, since it is stable to peptidic hydrolysis), and prompted us to propose that some of the biological effects can be mediated by a direct carbonyl quenching mechanism.
Useful genetic variation databases for oncologists investigating the genetic basis of variable treatment response and survival in cancer (2010)

Identification of the genetic basis of variable treatment response, prognosis and survival in cancer patients (i.e. personalized medicine) is an important aim in current medicine. Millions of genetic variations exist in the human genome, some of which are already found to be directly involved in variable treatment response and survival among cancer patients. GENETIC VARIATION DATABASES: Special databases curate, compile, organize and post information related to these genetic variations for the scientific community in a user friendly and free-to-access manner via the World Wide Web. FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND CONCLUSION: Clinicians have a critical role in genetic predictive and prognostic studies. In this review, main public-domain databases on genetic variations, including the two comprehensive genetic variation databases (dbSNP and HapMap), a pharmacogenomics database (PharmGKB), two resequencing-based genetic variation databases (SeattleSNPs and EGP), a population-based genetic variation database (JSNPs), and a copy-number variant database (DGV), and their utility in cancer research are discussed. Utilization of these databases can assist clinicians in their studies related to treatment response and prognosis in cancer patients.
Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems Ninth Edition (2011)

Section I. Introduction to Drugs, Drug Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems
Section II. Drug Dosage Form and Grug delivery System Design
Section III. Solid Dosage Forms andSolid Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems
Section IV. Semisolid Dosage Form and Transdermal System
Section V. Pharmaceutical Insert
Section VI. Liquid Dosage Forms
Section VII. Sterile Dosage Forms and Delivery Systems
Section VIII. Novel and Advanced Dosage Form, Delivery System and Devices
Cloning, Novel Promoter Sequence, and Estrogen Regulation of a Rat Oxytocin Receptor Gene* (1997)

Expression of the oxytocin receptor (OR) gene in vivo is known to be regulated by estradiol (E2). We have cloned and sequenced 4 kilobase (kb) of 5'-flanking DNA of the rat OR gene and identified an internal segment of 1260 nucleotides that was absent in an initial publication of this promoter and an additional 2 kb of upstream sequence. This novel internal region is located between two large tg nucleotide repeats. PCR amplification using genomic DNA verified that this sequence is present in the rat genome. To explain transcriptional effects of E2, a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) that is active is estrogen receptor binding was identified within this new sequence, approximately 4 kb 5' of the translational start site. The ability of E2 to enhance transcription of this promoter was tested in transfection experiments in MCF7 cells. E2 only weakly induced transcription of a truncated construct. Mutational analysis of the ERE in the context of a basal promoter indicated that it functions as an enhancer, and that mutation of two bases eliminates this activity. Further support of the efficacy of this response was shown in mobility gel shift assays in which the OR ERE bound estrogen receptor present in uterine extracts. Receptor binding studies using 125I-ornithine vasotocin in MCF7 cells revealed that E2 dramatically up-regulated endogenous ORs. Western blot analysis confirmed this increase in OR protein with E2 treatment of MCF7 cells. These studies have identified a novel region of the rat OR promoter containing an upstream palindromic ERE that imparts E2 inducibility of OR gene transcription.
Distinct Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases Mediate Mast Cell Degranulation in Response to G-protein-coupled VersusFcεRI Receptors (2003)

Phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinases are critical regulators of mast cell degranulation. The Class IA PI 3-kinases p85/p110beta and p85/p110delta but not p85/p110alpha are required for antigen-mediated calcium flux in RBL-2H3 cells (Smith, A. J., Surviladze, Z., Gaudet, E. A., Backer, J. M., Mitchell, C. A., and Wilson, B. S. et al., (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 17213-17220). We now examine the role of Class IA PI 3-kinases isoforms in degranulation itself, using a single-cell degranulation assay that measures the binding of fluorescently tagged annexin V to phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of degranulated mast cells. Consistent with previous data, antibodies against p110delta and p110beta blocked FcepsilonR1-mediated degranulation in response to FcepsilonRI ligation. However, antigen-stimulated degranulation was also inhibited by antibodies against p110alpha, despite the fact that these antibodies have no effect on antigen-induced calcium flux. These data suggest that p110alpha mediates a calcium-independent signal during degranulation. In contrast, only p110beta was required for enhancement of antigen-stimulated degranulation by adenosine, which augments mast cell-mediated airway inflammation in asthma. Finally, we examined carbachol-stimulated degranulation in RBL2H3 cells stably expressing the M1 muscarinic receptor (RBL-2H3-M1 cells). Surprisingly, carbachol-stimulated degranulation was blocked by antibody-mediated inhibition of the Class III PI 3-kinase hVPS34 or by titration of its product with FYVE domains. Antibodies against Class IA PI 3-kinases had no effect. These data demonstrate: (a) a calcium-independent role for p110alpha in antigen-stimulated degranulation; (b) a requirement for p110beta in adenosine receptor signaling; and (c) a requirement for hVPS34 during M1 muscarinic receptor signaling. Elucidation of the intersections between these distinct pathways will lead to new insights into mast cell degranulation.
Improving speech understanding by incorporating database constraints and dialogue history (2002)

In the course of a (man-machine) dialogue, the system's belief concerning the user's intention is continuously being built up. Moreover, restricting the discourse to a narrow application domain further constrains the variety of possible user reactions. We show how these knowledge sources may be utilized in a stochastic framework to improve speech understanding. On field test data collected with our automatic exchange board prototype PADIS, a relative reduction of attribute errors by 27% was obtained.
Measurements of optical electric field intensities in microcavities using thin emissive polymer films (1997)

The behavior of chromophores in microcavities —Fabry‐Perot resonators with thickness of the order of the wavelength of light that are introduced into light‐emitting devices to improve performance—is reported. Strong modification of the absorption and the spontaneous emission rates of the chromophores is demonstrated for thin luminescent layers of polyphenylene derivatives placed at different positions in the cavities. The technique of measurement is detailed and the implications of the results are discussed.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Actmty of Novel Rigid Amidino-Phenylalanine Derivatives as Inhibitors of Thrombin (1995)

(3S)-(Naphthalene-2-sulfonylamino)-1-[2R-(4-amidinophenyl)-1- piperidinocarbonylethyl]-2-pyrrolidinone (1a) is a potent inhibitor of thrombin with an IC50 value by 112 times lower than that of NAPAP (racemate). The selectivity versus trypsin can be improved by incorporation of substituents on the naphthyl ring. The mode of binding of the compound was determined by X-ray crystallography.
Distinct roles for Pax7 and Pax3 in adult regenerative myogenesis (2006)

We assessed viable Pax7(-/-) mice in 129Sv/J background and observed reduced growth and marked muscle wasting together with a complete absence of functional satellite cells. Acute injury resulted in an extreme deficit in muscle regeneration. However, a small number of regenerated myofibers were detected, suggesting the presence of residual myogenic cells in Pax7-deficient muscle. Rare Pax3(+)/MyoD+ myoblasts were recovered from Pax7(-/-) muscle homogenates and cultures of myofiber bundles but not from single myofibers free of interstitial tissues. Finally, we identified Pax3+ cells in the muscle interstitial environment and demonstrated that they coexpressed MyoD during regeneration. Sublaminar satellite cells in hind limb muscle did not express detectable levels of Pax3 protein or messenger RNA. Therefore, we conclude that interstitial Pax3+ cells represent a novel myogenic population that is distinct from the sublaminar satellite cell lineage and that Pax7 is essential for the formation of functional myogenic progenitors from sublaminar satellite cells.
Ultrasound-guided plugged percutaneous biopsy of solid organs in patients with bleeding tendencies (2013)

Plugging of the biopsy tract with Gelfoam slurry followed by Gelfoam torpedo is a direct and simple procedure that can safely and effectively prevent haemorrhage in patients at high risk of post-biopsy haemorrhage.
Implementing the render cache and the edge-and-point image on graphics hardware (2006)

The render cache and the edge-and-point image (EPI) are alternative point-based rendering techniques that combine interactive performance with expensive, high quality shading for complex scenes. They use sparse sampling and intelligent reconstruction to enable fast framerates and to decouple shading from the display update. We present a hybrid CPU/GPU multi-pass system that accelerates these techniques by utilizing programmable graphics processing units (GPUs) to achieve better framerates while freeing the CPU for other uses such as high-quality shading (including global illumination). Because the render cache and EPI differ from the traditional graphics pipeline in interesting ways, we encountered several challenges in using the GPU effectively. We discuss our optimizations to achieve good performance, limitations with the current generation hardware, as well as possibilities for future improvements. Key words: Graphics hardware, interactive rendering, sparse sampling, silhouette and shadow edges.
Recent advances in the development of live, attenuated bacterial vectors. (2005)

Over the last quarter century, scientific advances have created new tools and technologies to improve the safety and efficacy of vaccines. These improvements are spurred by social and commercial needs to enhance existing vaccines or to create new ones against an expanding spectrum of diseases. Vaccines based on live, attenuated, pathogenic bacteria were originally developed to prevent infection by homologous pathogens. More recently, strategies have been developed to use these bacterial vaccines as vectors to deliver a variety of protective, vaccine antigens via the mucosal route. These approaches are being developed to protect not only against heterologous microbial infections, but also against non-traditional threats such as biowarfare and cancer. These strategies and their application to the recent development of delivery systems for use in humans will be discussed.
The Application of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Microarrays in Cancer Research (2007)

The development of microarray technology has had a significant impact on the genetic analysis of human disease. The recently developed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array can be used to measure both DNA polymorphism and dosage changes. Our laboratory has applied SNP microarray analysis to uncover frequent uniparental disomies and sub-microscopic genomic copy number gains and losses in different cancers. This review will focus on the wide range of applications of SNP microarray analysis to cancer research. SNP array genotyping can determine loss of heterozygosity, genomic copy number changes and DNA methylation alterations of cancer cells. The same technology can also be used to investigate allelic association in cancers. Therefore, it can be applied to the identification of cancer predisposition genes, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in specific types of tumors. As a consequence, they have potential in cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment selection.