gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Avant-propos (1991)

Le GDR d’Études anglo-irlandaises du CNRS (GO 929) a organisé un Colloque international les 11 et 12 janvier 1991 à l’Université de Caen. Les communications de la deuxième journée, consacrées à l’Ulysses de James Joyce, ont été publiées dans l’ouvrage Studies on Joyce’s Ulysses. Ce volume-ci rassemble les conférences de la première journée. On y trouve des articles de critiques, spécialistes du théâtre, tant en République d’Irlande qu’en Ulster, mais aussi le point de vue d’un créateur en la ...
Handbook on bioethanol : production and utilization (1996)

Table of Ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass: overview Strategic, economic, and environmental issues for transportation fuels Performance of ethanol as a transportation fuel Bioethanol market forces Environmental impacts of bioethanol Biomass feedstock resources and composition Hemicellulases: diversity and applications Cellulases: structure, function, and applications Biocatalyst development for bioethanol production from hydrolysates Pretreatment of biomass Cellulase production Cellulose bioconversion technology Hemicellulose conversion to ethanol Advanced process options for bioethanol production Ethanol from corn: technology and economics Integrated bioprocess development for bioethanol production Review of pilot plant programs for bioethanol conversion Methods for the chemical analysis of biomass process streams
Evaluation of Chitin and Chitosan on Open Wound Healing in Dogs. (1995)

Analysis on the accelerating effects of open wound healing by chitin and chitosan were carried out in dogs. Two, square, full-thickness wounds of skin (2 x 2 cm2) were created on the each dog's both sides of dorsal midline at 0, 14, 21, and 24 days. In one dog, one wound (left side) was treated with chitin (chitin group) and the other wound (right side) was not treated (control group). In another dog, one wound (left side) was treated with chitosan (chitosan group) and the other wound (right side) was not treated (control group). At 28 days after initial wounding, each wound site including surrounding tissue was taken for macroscopic and histological observations. Reepithelialization tended to be greater in chitin and chitosan groups than in the control group. However, when the scores of reepithelialization and granulation tissue were evaluated statistically, there was no significant differences in three groups during experimental period. Number of inflammatory cells was greater statistically in level in the control group than those in chitin and chitosan groups at 28 days after wounding. Many rete ridges were observed in the control group but very few in the another groups.
Self-Formed Adaptor PCR: a Simple and Efficient Method for Chromosome Walking (2007)

We developed a self-formed adaptor PCR (termed SEFA PCR) which can be used for chromosome walking. Most of the amplified flanking sequences were longer than 2.0 kb, and some were as long as 6.0 kb. SEFA PCR is simple and efficient and should have broad applications in the isolation of unknown sequences in complex genomes.
Genomic Analyses of Anaerobically Induced Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Functional Roles of Rox1 and Other Factors in Mediating the Anoxic Response (2002)

DNA arrays were used to investigate the functional role of Rox1 in mediating acclimatization to anaerobic conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Multiple growth conditions for wild-type and rox1 null strains were used to identify open reading frames with a statistically robust response to this repressor. These results were compared to those obtained for a wild-type strain in response to oxygen availability. Transcripts of nearly one-sixth of the genome were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) with respect to oxygen availability, the majority (>65%) being down-regulated under anoxia. Of the anaerobically induced genes, about one-third (106) contain putative Rox1-binding sites in their promoters and were significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated in the rox1 null strains under aerobiosis. Additional promoter searches revealed that nearly one-third of the anaerobically induced genes contain an AR1 site(s) for the Upc2 transcription factor, suggesting that Upc2 and Rox1 regulate the majority of anaerobically induced genes in S. cerevisiae. Functional analyses indicate that a large fraction of the anaerobically induced genes are involved in cell stress (approximately 1/3), cell wall maintenance (approximately 1/8), carbohydrate metabolism (approximately 1/10), and lipid metabolism (approximately 1/12), with both Rox1 and Upc2 predominating in the regulation of this latter group and Upc2 predominating in cell wall maintenance. Mapping the changes in expression of functional regulons onto metabolic pathways has provided novel insight into the role of Rox1 and other trans-acting factors in mediating the physiological response of S. cerevisiae to anaerobic conditions.
Automation of the computer handling of gel reading data produced by the shotgun method of DNA sequencing (1982)

This paper describes a computer method for handling gel reading data produced by the shotgun method of DNA sequencing. The method greatly reduces the time the sequencer needs to spend checking and editing his data and yet it produces a consensus sequence for which the accuracy of determination of every base can be clearly shown. The program can take a batch of new gel readings, screen them against vector sequences removing any that match, and then compare and align all the sequences to produce a final consensus. No information is lost in this process as alignments are achieved by making only insertions and because all the individual gel readings are added to a database from which they can be retrieved and displayed lined up one above the other. This allows the user to check on the alignments achieved by the program and if necessary change them. As each gel reading is added to the database the consensus is automatically updated accordingly and used for the next comparisons. This is a much faster process than comparing each new gel against every individual gel in the database.
Extracellular Matrix in Pancreatic Islets: Relevance to Scaffold Design and Transplantation (2009)

Intrahepatic islet transplantation provides a potentially more benign alternative to pancreatic transplantation. However, islet transplants are associated with limited engraftment potential. This inefficiency is likely at least partially attributable to the isolation process, which removes islets from their native environment. Isolation not only disrupts the internal vascularization and innervation of islets, but also fundamentally changes interactions between islet cells and macromolecules of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Signaling interactions between islet cells and ECM are known to regulate multiple aspects of islet physiology, including survival, proliferation, and insulin secretion. Although it is highly likely that disruptions to these interactions during isolation significantly affect transplant outcomes, the true implications of these conditions are not well understood. The following article reviews current understandings and uncertainties in islet-ECM interactions and explains their potential impact on posttransplant engraftment. Topics covered include matrix and receptor compositions in native islets, effects of isolation and culture on islet-ECM interactions, and potential for postisolation restoration of islet-ECM interactions. Greater understanding in these areas may help to reduce isolation and transplantation stresses and improve islet engraftment.
Integrated Analysis of Gene Expression, CpG Island Methylation, and Gene Copy Number in Breast Cancer Cells by Deep Sequencing (2011)

We used deep sequencing technology to profile the transcriptome, gene copy number, and CpG island methylation status simultaneously in eight commonly used breast cell lines to develop a model for how these genomic features are integrated in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative breast cancer. Total mRNA sequence, gene copy number, and genomic CpG island methylation were carried out using the Illumina Genome Analyzer. Sequences were mapped to the human genome to obtain digitized gene expression data, DNA copy number in reference to the non-tumor cell line (MCF10A), and methylation status of 21,570 CpG islands to identify differentially expressed genes that were correlated with methylation or copy number changes. These were evaluated in a dataset from 129 primary breast tumors. Gene expression in cell lines was dominated by ER-associated genes. ER+ and ER- cell lines formed two distinct, stable clusters, and 1,873 genes were differentially expressed in the two groups. Part of chromosome 8 was deleted in all ER- cells and part of chromosome 17 amplified in all ER+ cells. These loci encoded 30 genes that were overexpressed in ER+ cells; 9 of these genes were overexpressed in ER+ tumors. We identified 149 differentially expressed genes that exhibited differential methylation of one or more CpG islands within 5 kb of the 5' end of the gene and for which mRNA abundance was inversely correlated with CpG island methylation status. In primary tumors we identified 84 genes that appear to be robust components of the methylation signature that we identified in ER+ cell lines. Our analyses reveal a global pattern of differential CpG island methylation that contributes to the transcriptome landscape of ER+ and ER- breast cancer cells and tumors. The role of gene amplification/deletion appears to more modest, although several potentially significant genes appear to be regulated by copy number aberrations.
Single photon emission computerized tomography imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in drug-free schizophrenic subjects. (1996)

The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that hyperactivity of dopaminergic transmission is associated with this illness, but direct observation of abnormalities of dopamine function in schizophrenia has remained elusive. We used a newly developed single photon emission computerized tomography method to measure amphetamine-induced dopamine release in the striatum of fifteen patients with schizophrenia and fifteen healthy controls. Amphetamine-induced dopamine release was estimated by the amphetamine-induced reduction in dopamine D2 receptor availability, measured as the binding potential of the specific D2 receptor radiotracer [123I] (S)-(-)-3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) methyl]benzamide ([123I]IBZM). The amphetamine-induced decrease in [123I]IBZM binding potential was significantly greater in the schizophrenic group (-19.5 +/- 4.1%) compared with the control group (-7.6 +/- 2.1%). In the schizophrenic group, elevated amphetamine effect on [123I]IBZM binding potential was associated with emergence or worsening of positive psychotic symptoms. This result suggests that psychotic symptoms elicited in this experimental setting in schizophrenic patients are associated with exaggerated stimulation of dopaminergic transmission. Such an observation would be compatible with an abnormal responsiveness of dopaminergic neurons in schizophrenia.
Cytotoxic potential of anti‐CD7 immunotoxin (WT1‐ricin A) to purge ex vivo malignant T cells in bone marrow (1989)

With the perspective of bone marrow purging in autologous transplantation, we investigated the cytotoxicity of the anti-T cell immunotoxin (IT) WT1-ricin A (anti-CD7) to malignant T cells obtained from patients with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or lymphoma. The cytotoxic efficacy of IT was based on the extent of protein synthesis inhibition. Cytotoxicity of IT to malignant T cells showed a dependency on antigen density comparable to the T cell lines GH1, CEM, Jurkat, HSB-2 and HPB-ALL and was enhanced considerably in the presence of 6 mM ammonium chloride. The ultimate proof of cell kill can only be obtained from clonogenic assays; however, culturing of malignant T cells was not feasible. Therefore these assays were performed with the cell line CEM that expresses comparable amounts of CD7 antigen as malignant T cells of most patients. More than 6-logs of CEM appeared to be eliminated after incubation with 10(-8) M WT1-ricin A. Immunotoxins are only effective after entering the target cell. The pattern of internalization of the IT was determined by means of 125I-WT1. After internalization the CD7 antigen was re-expressed on the cell membrane. This enables a long incubation period resulting in an increased elimination of malignant T cells. Even after 16 h the IT was still accumulated intracellularly. This pattern of continuous uptake of IT was reflected in a gradually increasing cytotoxicity with incubation time. Effective bone marrow purging can be carried out without adverse effects on progenitor cells with 10(-8) M WT1-ricin A. At that concentration the antibody binding capacity was saturated. We showed that the protein synthesis inhibition in malignant T cells by WT1-ricin A is comparable to the inhibition in T cell lines and that high amounts of CEM cells can be killed. These data suggest that cell lines can be used to test the efficacy of IT to malignant T cells. WT1-ricin A appears to be very potent for the purging of autologous bone marrow from patients with T cell malignancies.
Selective and indirect modulation of human multipotential and erythroid hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation by recombinant human activin and inhibin. (1988)

Activin and inhibin are biomolecules that, respectively, enhance and suppress the release of follicle-stimulating hormone from pituitary cells in vitro. Purified recombinant human (rhu) activin A and inhibin A were assessed for their effects on colony formation in vitro by human multipotential (CFU-GEMM), erythroid (BFU-E), and granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitor cells. It was found that (i) rhu-activin A enhances colony formation by normal bone marrow erythroid and multipotential progenitor cells; (ii) purified rhu-inhibin A decreases activin, but not rhu-interleukin 3, rhu-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, or rhu-interleukin 4, enhancement of erythropoietin-stimulated colony formation by erythroid and multipotential progenitor cells; (iii) modulatory actions of rhu-activin and rhu-inhibin are mediated through monocytes and T lymphocytes within the marrow; (iv) actions are apparent in the absence or presence of serum; and (v) rhu-activin and rhu-inhibin have no effect on colony formation by granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells. This defines an indirect mode of action and a specificity for activin and inhibin on multipotential and erythroid progenitor cells.
Power Line Communications: An Overview ¿ Part II (2008)

Following up on our previous work, power line communications: An Overview - Part I, we discuss the standards involved in PLC technology and name the established standards. We then concentrate on the HomePlug standard in detail. Our prime focus is on these standards: HomePlug 1.0 and HomePlug AV as these have become the basis for the world's most widely deployed PLC systems. An overview of the HomePlug standards is presented which discusses the technology in the Physical and MAC layers. It also discusses the QoS issues and compares the performance of HomePlug AV with HomePlug 1.0.
Preoperative evaluation of CA 125 and CA 19-9 serum levels in patients with ovarian masses. (1988)

Serum CA 125 and CA 19-9 were presurgically measured in 40 patients with ovarian carcinoma and in 108 with benign ovarian pathologies. The sensitivity for ovarian carcinoma of CA 125 (cut-off value = 65 U/ml) and CA 19-9 (cut-off value = 40 U/ml) were 67.5% and 37.5% respectively. In particular serum CA 125 was elevated in 71.9% of non-mucinous and in 50% of mucinous carcinomas, while serum CA 19-9 was high in 25% of non-mucinous and in 87.5% of mucinous malignancies. The correlation of CA 19-9 with mucinous histotype was significant. Elevated serum levels of CA 125 and CA 19-9 were observed respectively in 14.7% and in 13.8% of benign adnexal masses. The percentages of elevated serum marker levels were significantly higher in patients with ovarian carcinoma than in women bearing benign ovarian pathology (P less than 0.001 for CA 125; P less than 0.01 for CA 19-9). Serum CA 125 and CA 19-9 alone cannot clarify the nature of an adnexal mass. However, the measurement of serum levels of these markers could give additional information to other diagnostic methods, such as ultrasonography, for discriminating benign from malignant ovarian pathologies.
Antibodies to Recombinant-Derived Glycoprotein B after Natural Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Correlate with Neutralizing Activity (1992)

Glycoprotein B (gB) of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was partially purified by lentil-lectin column chromatography from cells infected with an adenovirus-gB recombinant. This antigen, which contained specifically reactive proteins of approximately 130 and 55 kDa, was used to investigate gB antibody levels after natural HCMV infection in 48 individuals. All sera had IgG antibody to gB as detected by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Quantitative RIP showed a strong correlation between gB antibody and neutralizing activity (r = .74, P less than .001) but a weak correlation between gB antibody and total HCMV-specific IgG (r = .36, P less than .02). When gB antibody was specifically absorbed from 20 serum specimens, neutralizing antibody titer was reduced a median of 48% (range, 0-98%). These data confirmed that antibodies to gB are a large component of the neutralizing antibody response to HCMV and support a role for this protein in the development of subunit vaccines.
A novel strategy to design highly specific PCR primers based on the stability and uniqueness of 3′-end subsequences (2005)

Based on the structure of 'off-target' products in the ATAC-PCR, we reasoned that the practical determinant of the specificity of primers may not be the uniqueness of entire sequence but that of the shortest 3'-end subsequence that exceeds a threshold of duplex stability. We termed such a subsequence as a 'specificity-determining subsequence' (SDSS) and developed a simple algorithm to predict the performance of the primer: the algorithm identifies the SDSS of each primer and examines its uniqueness in the target genome. The primers designed using this algorithm worked much better than those designed using a conventional method in both ATAC-PCR and 5'-RACE experiments. Thus, the algorithm will be generally useful for improving various PCR-based applications.
Synthetic immunostimulants derived from the bacterial cell wall (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic immunostimulants derived from the bacterial cell wallEdgar LedererCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1980, 23, 8, 819–825Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00182a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00182a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations162LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tacrine, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, induces myopathy (2000)

Tacrine, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor that has been used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, increases available acetylcholine (Ach) levels in the synaptic cleft thereby enhancing the activity of cholinergic pathways. However, excessive stimulation of nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction results in muscle deterioration. We tested whether reversible AChE inhibitors such as tacrine may induce similar effects. In the present study, tacrine administration (7.5 mg/kg twice daily) to rats produces a 20 and 30-fold increase in the number of degenerating cells in leg and diaphragm muscle, respectively, as compared to control. This myopathy is significantly decreased by co-administration of tacrine with the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-NAME. These results show that tacrine can induce myopathy which may be mediated by increased NO production.
Pocket Companion to Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (2005)

Pocket Companion to Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basic of Disease , Pocket Companion to Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basic of Disease , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
JAK2 and JAK1 Constitutively Associate With an Interleukin-5 (IL-5) Receptor α and βc Subunit, Respectively, and Are Activated Upon IL-5 Stimulation (1998)

The human interleukin-5 receptor (hIL-5R) consists of a unique alpha subunit (hIL-5Ralpha) and a common beta subunit (betac) that activate two Janus kinases (JAK1 and JAK2) and a signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT5). The precise stoichiometry of the hIL-5R subunits and the role of JAK kinases used in IL-5 signaling were investigated. We analyzed the interaction between hIL-5Ralpha and betac by immunoprecipitation using anti-hIL-5Ralpha and anti-betac monoclonal antibodies. The binding of JAK1 and JAK2 to each hIL-5R subunit was also evaluated in the hIL-5-responsive cell line, TF-h5Ralpha. It was observed that IL-5 stimulation induced the recruitment of betac to hIL-5Ralpha, although in the absence of IL-5 the subunits remain independent. In the absence of IL-5, JAK2 and JAK1 were associated with hIL-5Ralpha and betac, respectively. IL-5 stimulation resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2, JAK1, betac, and STAT5. Moreover, IL-5-induced dimerization of IL-5R subunits caused JAK2 activation and betac phosphorylation even in the absence of JAK1 activation. Furthermore, tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1 was dependent on the activation of JAK2. Detailed study of the C-terminal truncated cytoplasmic domain of hIL-5Ralpha revealed that the cytoplasmic stretch at position 346-387, containing the proline-rich region, is necessary for JAK2 binding. These observations suggest that activation of hIL-5Ralpha-associated JAK2 is indispensable for the IL-5 signaling event.