gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of a novel beta chemokine containing six conserved cysteines (1997)

The chemokines are emerging as a diverse and expanding family of cytokines. In this study, we report the identification of a novel beta (CC) chemokine that exhibits an unusual pattern of six conserved cysteines and was thus designated 6Ckine. The primary amino acid sequence of 6Ckine is highly conserved in humans, mice, and pigs and contains the expected four cysteines characteristic of the beta chemokine family plus two additional carboxyl-terminal cysteines. Expression of human 6Ckine appears to be restricted to lymphoid organs, particularly lymph node, spleen, and appendix, while murine 6Ckine has a broader tissue distribution with the highest mRNA levels found in spleen and lung. Recombinant murine 6Ckine was chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T cells, but not for B cells, macrophages, or neutrophils. Together these data demonstrate that 6Ckine is a novel member of the chemokine superfamily.
Necroptosis in stressed ovary (2019)

Stress is deeply rooted in the modern society due to limited resources and large competition to achieve the desired goal. Women are more frequently exposed to several stressors during their reproductive age that trigger generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulation of ROS in the body causes oxidative stress (OS) and adversely affects ovarian functions. The increased OS triggers various cell death pathways in the ovary. Beside apoptosis and autophagy, OS trigger necroptosis in granulosa cell as well as in follicular oocyte. The OS could activate receptor interacting protein kinase-1(RIPK1), receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) to trigger necroptosis in mammalian ovary. The granulosa cell necroptosis may deprive follicular oocyte from nutrients, growth factors and survival factors. Under these conditions, oocyte becomes more susceptible towards OS-mediated necroptosis in the follicular oocytes. Induction of necroptosis in encircling granulosa cell and oocyte may lead to follicular atresia. Indeed, follicular atresia is one of the major events responsible for the elimination of majority of germ cells from cohort of ovary. Thus, the inhibition of necroptosis could prevent precautious germ cell depletion from ovary that may cause reproductive senescence and early menopause in several mammalian species including human.
Copper-Mediated Controlled Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate with 1-Alkenes under Mild Conditions (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCopper-Mediated Controlled Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate with 1-Alkenes under Mild ConditionsShengsheng Liu, Sharon Elyashiv, and Ayusman SenView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 50, 12738–12739Publication Date (Web):November 17, 2001Publication History Received31 May 2001Published online17 November 2001Published inissue 19 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011331uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011331urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1129Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Copolymerization,Copolymers,Monomers,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
A novel NOD‐derived murine model of primary Sjögren's syndrome (1998)

Objective The appearance of autoimmune diabetes prior to autoimmune exocrinopathy in the NOD mouse suggests that it is an excellent model of secondary, but not primary, autoimmune sicca complications. Since the unique major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I-Ag7 expression in NOD mice is essential for the development of insulitis and diabetes in these animals, we investigated exocrine gland function in NOD.B10.H2b mice, which have an MHC congenic to NOD, as a potential model for primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Methods Histopathologic manifestations of lymphocytic infiltrates into the pancreas and exocrine tissues were examined by light microscopy. Sera were evaluated for the presence of antinuclear antibodies. Saliva, tears, and gland lysates were evaluated for total volume and protein concentration, the aberrant expression and processing of parotid secretory protein, and cysteine protease activity. Results NOD.B10.H2b mice exhibited the exocrine gland lymphocytic infiltration typical of the SS-like disease and dysfunction observed in NOD mice, but without the insulitis and diabetes. These mice additionally expressed elevated levels of cysteine protease activity (a measure of apoptotic activity) and abnormal expression and cleavage of parotid secretory protein in the submandibular tissues. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the unique NOD MHC I-Ag7 is not essential for exocrine tissue autoimmunity. Furthermore, the findings indicate that sicca syndrome occurs independently of autoimmune diabetes and that the congenic NOD.B10.H2b mouse represents a novel murine model of primary SS.
Signal Amplification in Multichromophore Luminescence-Based Sensors (2001)

A method for signal amplification in the detection of vapors with luminescence-based sensors is described. Amplification involves energy transfer between two or more fluorescent chromophores in a carefully selected polymer matrix. A quantitative model has been derived that can be applied to any luminescence sensor comprising donor−acceptor pairs, and it can be generalized to multichromophore systems with n chromophores leading to n-fold signal amplification. Signal amplification has been demonstrated experimentally in the fluorescent sensing of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) using two dyes, 3-aminofluoranten (AM) and Nile Red (NR), in a hydrogen-bond acidic polymer matrix. The selected polymer matrix quenches the fluorescence of both dyes and shifts dye emission and absorption spectra relative to those of more inert matrixes. Upon DMMP sorption, the AM fluorescence shifts to the red at the same time that the NR absorption shifts to the blue, resulting in more band overlap and increased energy transfer between chromophores. In addition, the emission of both chromophores is enhanced. Using an excitation wavelength tuned to the AM dye, we found that the absolute signal magnitude observed upon DMMP exposure in the two-dye film was an order of magnitude greater than that observed when using a single-dye NR-containing film. The ratio of the response signal under vapor exposure to the signal prior to exposure was 250 for the two-dye film compared to 15 for single-dye films. The two-dye approach to signal amplification also significantly increases the selectivity relative to the potentially interfering vapors. Experimental results to date favor a reabsorption mechanism over a Förster radiationless direct energy-transfer mechanism.
Vesicant extravasation: myths and realities. (1995)

Oncology nurses are in a strategic position to observe the feasibility and efficacy of prevention and management guidelines established at national and local levels. Oncology nurses involved in the administration of antineoplastic vesicant agents are responsible for maintaining a current knowledge base about vesicants and for planning nursing care within the established standards of practice.
Opportunistic infections in acquired immune deficiency syndrome result from synergistic defects of both the natural and adaptive components of cellular immunity. (1986)

We evaluated the cellular immunity of 408 clinically stratified subjects at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), to define the role of interferon-alpha production deficits in the pathogenesis of opportunistic infections (OI). We followed 115 prospectively for up to 45 mo. Onset of OI was associated with, and predicted by, deficiency both of interferon-alpha generation in vitro, and of circulating Leu-3a+ cells. Interferon-alpha production is an index of the function of certain non-T, non-B, large granular lymphocytes (LGL) that are independent of T cell help. Leu-3a+ cell counts are a marker of T cell function. OI did not usually develop until both of these mutually independent immune functions were simultaneously critically depressed, leading to a synergistic interaction. These data suggest that the AIDS virus affects a subset of LGL, and that cytokine production by these cells is an important component of the host defense against intracellular pathogens that becomes crucial in the presence of severe T cell immunodeficiency.
Antitumor activity and immunotherapeutic properties of Flt3-ligand in a murine breast cancer model. (1997)

Flt3-Ligand (Flt3-L) is a stimulatory cytokine for a variety of hematopoietic lineages, including dendritic cells and B cells. The antitumor properties of Flt3-L were evaluated in C3H/HeN mice challenged with the syngeneic C3L5 murine breast cancer cell line. Eighty % of animals receiving 500 microg/kg/day of Chinese hamster ovary-derived human Flt3-L for 10 days were protected from tumor growth, whether the tumor challenge was administered on the first or fourth days of Flt3-L administration. The protection provided by soluble Flt3-L was transient. All tumor-free animals rechallenged 4 weeks after the primary challenge developed tumor. Transduction of C3L5 with retroviral vectors expressing human or murine Flt3-L did not influence in vitro growth or MHC expression but decreased in vivo tumor development to 0 and 10% of mice, respectively. This compares with tumor growth of 52% with interleukin-2 transduced C3L5 and over 85% with untransduced and control vector-transduced C3L5. Unlike animals treated with soluble Flt3-L, administration of Flt3-L as a tumor vaccine protected mice from a subsequent challenge with untransduced C3L5 in 60-78% of mice, compared to 0% of controls. Our initial work used the most common Flt3-L isoform, which is membrane bound but can undergo proteolytic cleavage to generate a soluble form. To evaluate the role of the various Flt3-L isoforms in preventing tumor formation, retroviral vectors encoding only the membrane-bound form or only the soluble isoform were evaluated in the C3L5 model. Tumor formation was similar with either isoform, preventing tumor formation in 80-90% of mice after the primary challenge and 88-89% after the secondary challenge. Splenocytes obtained 4 weeks after the secondary challenge conferred adoptive immunity to naive mice in 60% of animals. This initial report of antitumor activity by Flt3-L is consistent with its known stimulatory effect on antigen-presenting cells and suggests it may enhance the development of tumor vaccines.
Willingness to Pay for Complete Symptom Relief of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (2002)

Results demonstrate that patients are willing to pay more per month for a medication that provides more complete and faster relief from GERD symptoms. This information can guide clinicians and formulary committees in evaluating optimal treatment for GERD.
Macular circulation in patients with diabetes mellitus with and without arterial hypertension (2000)

Arterial hypertension did not result in more severe macular capillary dropout than diabetes without hypertension. This might be explained by the fact that most of the patients were being treated with antihypertensive drugs.
A Theory of the Structure and Process of Formation of Antibodies* (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Theory of the Structure and Process of Formation of Antibodies*Linus PaulingCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 10, 2643–2657Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01867a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01867a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3063Altmetric-Citations692LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Da Ming daozang jing (2020)

Der taoistische Kanon in seiner heutigen Fassung, die in verschiedenen Editionen aus Taiwan und der VR China vorliegt, geht auf kaiserliche Editionsanweisungen (Ming-Dynastie, 15./16. Jh.) zurück. Der Kanon enthält 1487 Einzeltitel, deren Urheber vielfach unbekannt sind. In manchen Fällen erweisen sich die Zuschreibungen als nicht verifizierbar, was aber den Wert der Sammlung als autoritative Grundlage der taoistischen religiösen Kultur Chinas nicht schmälert. Der ursprüngliche Titel der Textsammlung lautet Da Ming daozang jing (Schriften des Schatzhauses von Tao, aus der großen Ming-Dynastie), abgekürzt Daozang (Schatzhaus von Tao) oder auch Zhengtong daozang (15. Jh.; Schatzhaus von Tao, aus der Zeit der korrekten Herrschaft), womit die Regierungsdevise (Ming) in den Titel einfließt, unter der die Kompilation des Kanons befohlen wurde. Die heutigen Fassungen enthalten als Anhang den Fortsetzungskanon (Ming-Zeit) Da Ming xu daozang jing, 1607 (Taoistischer Ergänzungskanon der Großen Ming-Dynastie).
A Hydraulically Controlled Nonoperative Magnetic Treatment for Long Gap Esophageal Atresia (2011)

This paper describes a magnetic, nonoperative device and control system designed to treat long-gap esophageal atresia (LEA). This congenital disorder occurs in approximately 100 newborn infants every year and is characterized by a discontinuity in the esophagus between the mouth and stomach. Our device builds upon previous work investigating the use of internal permanent magnets to stretch the proximal and distal esophageal pouches together until anastomosis occurs. We implement a hydraulic standoff device for the proximal magnet assembly to control the distance between the two magnets independent of the esophageal gap size. The standoff allows for controllable, intermittent force between the two pouches and provides a layer of safety from runaway magnetic forces that could potentially damage delicate esophageal tissue. The proximal device comes in two variations: a convex tip for stretching the esophagus and a concave mating tip for meeting the distal end during anastomosis. A light emitting diode (LED) and phototransistor pair estimates the esophageal gap size for the duration of the procedure, and a fluid pressure sensor enables the force on the esophageal tissue to be calculated. The external control circuitry, physician interface, and pump are described that demonstrate the core functionality of the system.
Interaction of 7‐acetyltaxol with different tubulin assemblies (1988)

Equilibrium microdialysis of [3H]acetyltaxol against different tubulin assemblies showed that: (i) the binding capacity of tubulin does not depend on the temperature; (ii) two classes of 'polymers' exist, with respect to Ac-taxol binding. Some of them (plaques, complex cylinders induced with some polycations and spirals made with rhazinilam) bound Ac-taxol, as do normal microtubules. In contrast, spirals formed with vinblastine and griseofulvin, rings made with polycations and complex cylinders induced with spermine do not bind Ac-taxol as is the case with free tubulin.
MPTP-treated young mice but not aging mice show partial recovery of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system by stereotaxic injection of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) (1990)

Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is a heparin-binding polypeptide that acts as a neurotrophic factor for certain central and peripheral neurons. Acidic FGF was injected stereotaxically into the striatum of young (2-month-old) and aging (12-month-old) C57BL/6 mice that were treated 1 week before with systemic injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MPTP treatment (4 x 20 mg/kg, i.p. given 12 h apart) reduced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive (IR) fibers in the striatum and reduced dopamine (DA) concentration to 32% of the controls in young and 20% of the controls in aging mouse brain 5 weeks after administration. Although the DA concentration recovered to 43% of the controls in young mice following stereotaxic injection of aFGF 5 weeks after MPTP treatment, aging mice with such treatment did not show a significant recovery of DA concentration. Computerized image analysis of TH-IR fibers in the striatum also showed significant recovery in young mice treated with aFGF, while aging mice did not show a significant recovery. We conclude that treatment of MPTP-depleted young mice with aFGF results in partial recovery in the nigrostriatal DA system but such benefits decline with age.
Partial characterization of a hepatocyte growth factor from rat platelets (1984)

Rat serum has been shown to stimulate DNA synthesis in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes 2-3 times more potently than serum from several other mammalian sources, including humans. Parallel to its stimulation of thymidine incorporation into DNA, rat serum increased the total DNA content of the hepatocyte cultures over time, and also increased the frequency of nuclear labeling and mitosis. Moreover, normal rat serum, derived from whole blood (NRS), stimulated DNA synthesis in hepatocytes twice as effectively as platelet-poor rat serum, derived from plasma (ppNRS). Addition of a rat platelet lysate (RPL) to ppNRS restored the activity to equal that of NRS. The avid binding of the active principle to CM Sephadex and its sensitivity to trypsin digestion suggest that it is a cationic polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of about 65,000, as determined by gel filtration. It was inactivated by reduction of disulfide bonds, or by exposure to pH below 5.5, to NaCl concentration below 0.05 M, to 65 degrees C for 30 min, or to 100 degrees C for 10 min. Although it resembles the human platelet-derived mitogen platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in several of its properties, it differs in others. Hence the hepatocyte growth factor from rat platelets, which accounts for 50% of the DNA synthesis-stimulatory activity of rat serum, appears to be a distinct entity.
Properties and ion implantation of AlxGa1−xN epitaxial single crystal films prepared by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1983)

High quality single crystal films of AlxGa1−xN have been grown on sapphire substrates using low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition at 915 °C over the entire range of x. Electrical and optical properties of the layers were measured. Electrical compensation by Be+ and N+ implants in the layers was studied. Schottky barriers were fabricated and their current voltage characteristics were studied. We also report some initial results of a study of GaN growth kinetics.
A novel radioiodinated high affinity ligand for the D2‐dopamine receptor (1984)

A novel high affinity dopaminergic ligand, N-(p-aminophenethyl)spiroperidol, has been synthesized and radioiodinated to a specific radioactivity of 2175 Ci/mmol. Binding of this ligand to bovine anterior pituitary membranes is: rapid (40-60 min to equilibrium at 25 degrees C) and reversible (t1/2 = 1 h at 25 degrees C); saturable and of high affinity (KD approximately 20 pM) and displays a typical D2-dopaminergic specificity. The ligand, which identifies the same number of receptor sites as other tritiated antagonist ligands, can be used in different tissues and preparations to delineate the characteristics of the D2 receptor. Thus, this high affinity, high specific radioactivity ligand (N-(p-amino-m-[125I]iodophenethyl)spiroperidol) represents a tool which until now had not been available for the characterization of the D2-dopamine receptor.
Proteomic analysis of human lysosomes: Application to monocytic and breast cancer cells (2002)

To date, about fifty lysosomal hydrolases have been identified, and most of them are targeted towards the lysosomes through a specific mannose-6-phosphate (M-6-P) tag. As more lysosomal hydrolases were expected to be discovered, we performed a proteomic study of soluble lysosomal proteins. Human cells were induced to secrete M-6-P proteins which were affinity purified on immobilized M-6-P receptor. The purified proteins were resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Twenty-two proteins were identified, among which 16 were well-known lysosomal hydrolases. The remaining species distributed as follows: epididymis-specific alpha-mannosidase is a new mannosidase homolog, cystatin F and CREG (cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes) were previously identified as M-6-P proteins (Journet et al., Electrophoresis 2000, 21, 3411-3419), and the last three, which are not hydrolases, were up to now considered as nonlysosomal. This two-dimensional reference map of human U937 M-6-P proteins was afterwards used for comparison with M-6-P proteins purified either from U937 differentiated into macrophage-like cells, or from human breast cancer MCF7 cells. Phorbol ester induced differentiation of U937 cells led to limited proteolytic cleavage or maturation of a discrete number of hydrolases. Five additional lysosomal hydrolases were identified from MCF7 samples. These results prove the usefulness of such a procedure to analyze the lysosomal content of various cell lines, to discover new M-6-P proteins, as well as to point towards unknown biological processes.