gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radioimmunotargeting of Human Rhabdomyosarcoma Using Monoclonal Antibody 8H9 (2005)

Although metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is chemotherapy and radiotherapy responsive, few patients are cured. 8H9, a murine IgG(1) monoclonal antibody, recognizes a unique cell surface tumor antigen broadly distributed on neuroectodermal, epithelial, and mesenchymal tumors, including RMS. We now report on the in vitro characterization of radiolabeled 8H9 and its in vivo immunotargeting potential in mice with subcutaneous human RMS. Saturation-binding studies carried out to determine (125)I-8H9 affinity to the RMS cell line HTB82 demonstrated that (125)I-8H9 had a K(d) of 10.3nM with an estimated 115,000 binding sites on every HTB82 cell. (125)I-8H9 was retained on the cell surface without significant internalization. Biodistribution of (125)I-8H9 was studied in athymic mice bearing HTB82 xenografts. Following intravenous injection of 4.44MBq of (125)I-8H9, selective tumor uptake was evident 4 to 172 hours after injection. Average tumor uptake was 7.0 +/- 1.8, 11.5 +/- 3.9, 15.1 +/- 3.7, and 5.4 +/- 1.2% injected dose per gram at 4, 24, 48, and 172 hours, respectively. Mean tumor: tissue ratios were maximal at 172 hours (for lung, 4, kidney, 6, liver, 7, spleen, 11, femur, 14, muscle, 18, and brain, 48). Established RMS xenografts treated with a single injection of 18.5 MBq (131)I-8H9 were significantly suppressed compared to controls. Radiolabeled 8H9 effectively targeted RMS xenografts and may have a potential clinical role in radioimmunotherapy.
Structure of the Filamentous Phage Virion (1978)

The filamentous phages are flexible nucleoprotein rods about 60 A in diameter and 1–2 μ m long. Their circular, single-stranded DNA is encapsulated at the core of a tubular array of protein subunits. Each protein subunit contains only about 50 amino acids and is almost entirely α -helical. Concentrated gels of this phage type can be oriented into fibers that give relatively high-quality X-ray diffraction patterns. The diffraction patterns of the best-known filamentous phages (fd, f1, and M13) are difficult to analyze because there is a perturbation in the helical arrangement of subunits (Marvin et al. 1974b). The similar phage Pf1 gives a less complicated diffraction pattern (Figs. 1 and 2) and is therefore the strain that will be emphasized here. The filamentous phages have several unique features that enable structure determination without resorting to multiple isomorphous replacement. The technique that we have used is molecular model building, a technique that has been successful for macromolecules such as the α helix and DNA. The word “model” as used here is not a synonym for “hypothesis”; the stereochemical constraints imposed by a precise molecular model are an essential part of this technique of structure determination. METHODS Elongated assemblies of subunits such as filamentous phage seldom form true crystals. Instead, they form oriented, semicrystalline fibers in which the assemblies lie parallel to one another and hence diffract X rays in unison. Most elongated assemblies are helical arrangements of identical subunits. There are two periodicities along the axis of a helix: the unit rise...
Stereochemical studies of metal chelates. III. Preparation and stereochemistry of cobalt(III) complexes with C-substituted triethylenetetramines at the central ethylenediamine bridge (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemical studies of metal chelates. III. Preparation and stereochemistry of cobalt(III) complexes with C-substituted triethylenetetramines at the central ethylenediamine bridgeMasafumi Goto, Masahiko Saburi, and Sadao YoshikawaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1969, 8, 2, 358–366Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50072a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50072a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Ubiquitin Superfamily:  Members, Features, and Phylogenies (2002)

The ubiquitin superfamily is a rich repository of small, conserved, functionally unique, and important proteins. Its member proteins fold simply and similarly, with kinetic and thermodynamic ease (Sorenson, J. M.; Head-Gordon, T. Toward minimalist models of larger proteins: A ubiquitin-like protein. Proteins 2002, 46, 368-379). They have been implicated in numerous cancers, neurodegenerations, inflammations, and various disorders affecting signal transduction or protein half-life. These proteins serve the cell generally as portable recognition tags with distinct intracellular roles; indeed, tagging with small protein modifiers has become a new hallmark of post-translational modifications and other signal transduction phenomenon (Finley, D. J. Signal transduction. An alternative to destruction. Nature 2001, 412, 283, 285-286). Because many ubiquitin-like proteins bear similarities in sequence, structure, and function, we gathered protein sequences containing the ubiquitin domain from public databases and created a highly granular and defined protein catabolism database to catalog, summarize, reference, and relate them to their targets and specific ligases (to be described elsewhere). In this paper, we reveal a compilation of proteins possessing the ubiquitin domain. This comprises the first and most important part of our database content. We searched available organismal proteomes for sequence-related members of the ubiquitin superfamily and here present over 200 proteins possessing this domain. These proteins were organized phylogenetically and functionally, thereby defining several new families. To our knowledge, this is the most complete assemblage of ubiquitin domains to date.
Mice deficient for soluble adenylyl cyclase are infertile because of a severe sperm-motility defect (2004)

To acquire the ability to fertilize, spermatozoa undergo complex, but at present poorly understood, activation processes. The intracellular rise of cAMP produced by the bicarbonate-dependent soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) has been suggested to play a central role in initiating the cascade of the events that culminates in spermatozoa maturation. Here, we show that targeted disruption of the sAC gene does not affect spermatogenesis but dramatically impairs sperm motility, leading to male sterility. sAC mutant spermatozoa are characterized by a total loss of forward motility and are unable to fertilize oocytes in vitro . Interestingly, motility in sAC mutant spermatozoa can be restored on cAMP loading, indicating that the motility defect observed is not caused by a structural defect. We, therefore, conclude that sAC plays an essential and nonredundant role in the activation of the signaling cascade controlling motility and, therefore, in fertility. The crucial role of sAC in fertility and the absence of any other obvious pathological abnormalities in sAC-deficient mice may provide a rationale for developing inhibitors that can be applied as a human male contraceptive.
Intralymphatic administration of liposome-encapsulated drugs to mice: possibility for suppression of the growth of tumor metastases in the lymph nodes. (1981)

The antimetastatic effects of two drugs, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) and hydrocortisone (liposome-incorporated or free), were studied. The experimental models were regional and distant metastases of hepatoma A and pulmonary adenocarcinoma, which were transplanted into the footpads of A/He mice. Liposomes were prepared from phosphatidylcholine by sonic dispersion. DDP and hydrocortisone were injected sc into the region of the plantar aponeurosis of the foot with the primary tumor. This administration route was considered to be equivalent to the intralymphatic route. Evidence indicated that only liposome-incorporated DDP and hydrocortisone decreased significantly the frequency and growth rate of tumor metastases in the regional lymph nodes. The effect observed was not due to the direct action of the drugs on the primary tumors. When nonencapsulated, these drugs were ineffective. Both liposome-encapsulated and free DDP did not affect distant metastases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The intralymphatic administration of liposome-encapsulated antitumor agents is suggested as a method for the prophylactic treatment of tumor metastases in the lymph nodes.
Adhesive Electroless Metallization of Fluoropolymeric Substrates (1993)

A process for producing patterned metal deposits on fluoropolymeric substrates is described. A metal ion-chelating organosilane is chemisorbed by self-assembly onto a fluoropolymer surface after radio-frequency glow discharge plasma surface hydroxylation. Positional modulation of the surface hydrophobicity is illustrated by wetting. The silane covalently binds an aqueous palladium catalyst and subsequent electroless deposition yields homogeneous or patterned metal deposits that exhibit excellent adhesion to the fluoropolymer.
Specific Binding of Allergenic Soybean ProteinGly mBd 30K withα′- andα-Subunits of Conglycinin in Soy Milk (1996)

When defatted soy milk was ultracentrifuged, 34kDa allergenic soyabean protein Gly m Bd 30 K was more abundant in the precipitate than in the supernatant by an SDS-PAGE analysis. The addition of more than 10 mM of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) to the soy milk resulted not only in further removal of the 34kDa allergenic protein to the precipitate, but also in better recovery of conglycinin in the supernatant. After a two-dimensional SDS-PAGE analysis (the first dimension, minus 2-ME; the second, plus 2-ME) of the precipitates, superimposition between the CBB-stained gel and the eletroblotted membrane stained with a monoclonal antibody specific to Gly m Bd 30 K indicated that part of Gly m Bd 30 K was preferentially bound to the alpha'- and alpha-subunits of conglycinin, and that part of them had formed the dimer through a disulfide bond.
Hemagglutination of Human Group A Erythrocytes by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Adults with Diarrhea: Correlation with Colonization Factor (1977)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) of several different serotypes isolated from adults with diarrhea and known to possess the colonization factor antigen (CFA) were found to cause mannose-resistant hemagglutination (HA) of human group A erythrocytes. CFA-negative E. coli isolated during the same study did not possess the mannose-resistant hemagglutinin, although some non-ETEC, CFA-negative isolates did exhibit mannose-sensitive HA activity. The mannoseresistant hemagglutinin of ETEC was found to possess many characteristics previously associated with CFA, which is a surface-associated fimbriate heatlabile antigen, and the functionally and morphologically similar K88 and K99 antigens of animal-specific ETEC. Mannose-resistant HA and CFA titers were maximal when ETEC cells were grown on an agar medium (CFA agar) composed primarily of 1% Casamino Acids and 0.15% yeast extract, pH 7.4. Neither CFA nor HA were produced at a growth temperature of 18 degrees C; HA was completely inhibited by pretreatment of CFA-positive cells with the anti-CFA serum. The mannose-resistant hemagglutinin was lost spontaneously and simultaneously with CFA when clinical ETEC isolates were passaged on artificial medium in the laboratory, indicating plasmid control of both entities. The mannose-resistant hemagglutinin of ETEC was shown to be thermolabile, i.e., sensitive to heating at 65 degrees C, as was the CFA. Also, there was correlation between possession of CFA, as detected serologically and by demonstration of biological activity (adherence in the infant rabbit small intestine), presence of CFA-type fimbriae, and the ability of various E. coli isolates to cause mannose-resistant HA of human group A erythrocytes. These results indicate that the mannose-resistant HA of ETEC is another manifestation of CFA.
Biofunctional magnetic nanoparticles for protein separation and pathogen detection (2006)

Recent successful syntheses of monodispersed magnetic nanoparticles have offered a unique opportunity to control and probe biological interactions using magnetic force. This paper highlights a general strategy to generate biofunctional magnetic nanoparticles, illustrates applications for these nanoparticles in protein separation and pathogen detection, and analyzes the high sensitivity and high selectivity achieved by this system.
[Aerobic methylobacteria are capable of synthesizing auxins]. (2002)

Obligately and facultatively methylotrophic bacteria with different pathways of C1 metabolism were found to be able to produce auxins, particularly indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in amounts of 3-100 micrograms/ml. Indole-3-pyruvic acid and indole-3-acetamide were detected only in methylobacteria with the serine pathway of C1 metabolism, Methylobacterium mesophilicum and Aminobacter aminovorans. The production of auxins by methylobacteria was stimulated by the addition of tryptophan to the growth medium and was inhibited by ammonium ions. The methylobacteria under study lacked tryptophan decarboxylase and tryptophan side-chain oxidase. At the same time, they were found to contain several aminotransferases. IAA is presumably synthesized by methylobacteria through indole-3-pyruvic acid.
Is there heterozygote expression of growth hormone receptor deficiency? (1994)

Expression of heterozygosity for the defect in the growth hormone (GH) receptor has been proposed to be reflected in stature, and in GH binding protein (GHBP) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in parents and other relatives of patients with GH receptor deficiency (GHRD; Laron syndrome). The Ecuadorean population with GHRD, in which heterozygosity can be accurately determined in clinically unaffected relatives of probands, offers a unique opportunity to consider this issue. It has previously been demonstrated that 17 parents heterozygous for the Ecuadorean mutation of the GH receptor differed little in biochemical measures (GHBP, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3) from Ecuadorean controls. Mean height SDS of 24 non-carrier siblings (-1.3 +/- 0.95 SD) and 41 heterozygote siblings or offspring of probands (-1.8 +/- 1.15) did not differ significantly (p = 0.08). Thus, although there may be slight heterozygote expression of the defective gene for the GH receptor, there is no rationale for counselling based on such minimal variation.
Modeling copolymer adsorption on laterally heterogeneous surfaces (1991)

We develop a self-consistent-field model for copolymer adsorption onto laterally heterogeneous surfaces. Using this model, we can predict how varying the adsorbate-surface interaction energies and the chain architecture affects the properties of polymer films on nonhomogeneous, solid interfaces. These predictions are useful in designing interfacial materials that contain ordered domains of distinct polymers and, thus, can exhibit unique electrical and optical properties.
A complexity-effective architecture for accelerating full-system multiprocessor simulations using FPGAs (2008)

Functional full-system simulators are powerful and versatile research tools for accelerating architectural exploration and advanced software development. Their main shortcoming is limited throughput when simulating systems with hundreds of processors or more. To overcome this bottleneck, we propose the PROTOFLEX simulation architecture, which uses FPGAs to accelerate simulation. Prior FPGA approaches that prototype a complete system in hardware are either too complex when scaling to large-scale configurations or require significant effort to provide full-system support. In contrast, PROTOFLEX reduces complexity by virtualizing the execution of many logical processors onto a consolidated set of multiple-context execution engines on the FPGA. Through virtualization, the number of engines can be judiciously scaled, as needed, to deliver on necessary simulation performance. To achieve low-complexity full-system support, a hybrid simulation technique called transplanting allows implementing in the FPGA only the frequently encountered behaviors, while a software simulator preserves the abstraction of a complete system
Automated lung segmentation in digital lateral chest radiographs (1998)

We are developing a fully automated computerized scheme for segmenting the lung fields in digital lateral chest radiographs. Existing computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) schemes and automated lung segmentation methods have focused exclusively on the posteroanterior view, despite the diagnostic importance of the lateral view. Information from the lateral radiograph is routinely incorporated by radiologists in their decision-making process, and thus computer analysis of lateral images may potentially add another dimension to current CAD schemes. Automated analysis of the lung fields in lateral images will necessarily require accurate segmentation. Our scheme employs an initial procedure to eliminate external and subcutaneous pixels. Global gray-level histogram analysis then allows for the identification of a range of gray-level thresholds. An iterative gray-level thresholding scheme is implemented using this range of thresholds to construct a series of binary images in which contiguous regions are identified and geometrically analyzed. Regions determined to be outside the lungs are prevented from contributing to binary images at later iterations. Adaptive local gray-level thresholding is applied along the initial contour that results from the global thresholding procedure to extend the contour closer to the true lung borders. This local thresholding method uses regions of interest of various dimensions, depending on the enclosed anatomy. Smoothing and polynomial curve fitting complete the segmentation. A database of 100 normal and 100 abnormal lateral images was analyzed. Quantitative comparison of computer-segmented lung regions with lung regions manually delineated by two radiologists indicated that 83% and 84% of normal and abnormal images, respectively, displayed segmentation contours within three standard deviations of the mean inter-radiologist contour degree-of-overlap value.
Effects of Postweaning Rate of Gain on Onset of Puberty and Productive Performance of Heifers of Different Breeds (1982)

Angus, (n = 78), Hereford (93), Red Poll (61), Brown Swiss (47), Charolais (36) and Simmental (90) heifers were used in a study designed to evaluate the effects of breed and postweaning rate of gain (low, L = .4 kg/d; medium, M = .6 kg/d; high, Hi = .8 kg/d) on the onset of puberty and subsequent maternal performance. After a 184 d feeding period, one-half of the heifers in each group were moved to pasture and one-half were kept in the feedlot through breeding (70 d), then moved to pasture. Breeds differed (P less than .01) in weight, height and condition. Increased postweaning rates of gain resulted in increased heifer weight (P less than .01), height (P less than .10) and condition (P less than .01) before calving (198 to 635 d) but these differences were not observed after rebreeding (930 d). Quadratic regressions of percentage pubertal vs age were significantly influenced by the interaction between breed and postweaning rate of gain. Both mean age and weight at puberty were influenced by breed (P less than .01) and postweaning rate of gain (P less than .01). No interactions were observed (P greater than .10). Calf birth weight was influenced (P less than .01) only by breed. Milk production was influenced by breed (P less than .01) and postweaning rate of gain (P less than .10). Significant time after parturition and time X breed interaction effects on milk production were observed. Calf weight at 120 d and at weaning was influenced by breed (P less than .01), heifer postweaning rate of gain (P less than .05) and sex (P less than .05). These data suggest moderate underfeeding or overfeeding during the postweaning period may have a prolonged influence on the productive performance of heifers and demonstrate that breeds differ widely in age at puberty and later productivity under the type of management and environment of this study.
Clinical application of tear proteomics: Present and future prospects (2007)

Human tear fluid is charactered with very small volume and complex protein constitutes with a very large orders of magnitude. The tear proteome analysis provides a unique dataset (i.e., specific protein markers or protein patterns) that may be correlated to more effective diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. Compared to less than 100 tear proteins obtained by the traditional methods, more than 400 proteins have been found in human tear fluid by current proteomic technologies. Many proteomics techniques, such as 2-DE, MALDI-TOF-MS, LC-MS, SELDI-TOF-MS, protein arrays, have been used to perform tear proteome analysis in healthy and/or disease subjects. The clinical application of tear proteomics needs suitable tear collection methods, standard tear handling procedures, and more sensitive and reliable proteomic technologies.
Cannabidiol Prevents Cerebral Infarction Via a Serotonergic 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A Receptor–Dependent Mechanism (2005)

Cannabidiol and abnormal cannabidiol reduced the infarct volume. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol was inhibited by WAY100135 but not capsazepine, and the CBF increased by cannabidiol was partially reversed by WAY100135. These results suggested that the neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol may be related to the increase in CBF through the serotonergic 5-HT1A receptor.
Comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of 211At- and 131I-labelled monoclonal antibody MOv18 in nude mice with intraperitoneal growth of human ovarian cancer. (2001)

The purpose of the present study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the alpha-emitter Astatine-211 with the beta-emitter Iodine-131 bound to the specific monoclonal antibody MOv18. The measurements were performed in an ovarian cancer cell line (NIH:OVCAR 3) growing intraperitoneally in nude mice. Two weeks after the intraperitoneal inoculation of 1 x 10(7) cells of the human ovarian cancer cell line NIH:OVCAR-3 twenty mice were treated intraperitoneally with the specific monoclonal antibody MOv-18 labelled with either 211At (310-400 kBq) or 131I (5100-6200 kBq). The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of labelled antibody in tumour-free animals were studied and the resulting bone marrow dose was estimated. When the mice were treated with 211At-labelled antibody 9 out of 10 mice were free of macro- and microscopic tumour compared to 3 out of 10 when Iodine-131 was used. The equivalent dose to the bone marrow was 2.4-3.1 Sv from 211At- and 3.4-4.1 Sv from 131I-irradiation. The therapeutic efficacy of 211At-labelled specific antibody is very good and, at approximately equivalent bone marrow doses, better than that of 131I.