gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New chamber for flow cytometric analysis over an extended range of stream velocity and application to cell adhesion measurements (1992)

When analyzed in a flow cytometer, particles are suddenly accelerated to high velocities (1-10 m.s-1) over very short distances. This feature is essential to obtain high analysis rates and low coincidence levels, but translates into very strong velocity gradients (greater than 10(5) s-1): particles experience strong hydrodynamic stresses that elongate them and tend to dissociate weakly associated complexes. In order to analyze fragile conjugates formed by heterotypic adhesion between two cell types, a flow cytometer was modified to make hydrodynamic stress not only much weaker but also adjustable. A new and easily adaptable flow cell was designed for the instruments of the FACS series; it provided satisfactory hydrodynamic conditions on a wide continuous range of flow rates. Accompanying electronic adaptations permitted standard analysis between 0.01 and 10 m.s-1. At 0.01 m.s-1, the velocity gradient roughly amounts to 50 s-1. Conjugates formed by the adhesion between human B and resting T lymphocytes, disrupted in conventional flow cytometers, could be detected and precisely quantified provided analysis velocity was kept below 0.1 m.s-1. We conclude that low velocity flow cytometry makes possible the quantification of weak intercellular adhesion phenomena, and is potentially useful for the future development of new biomechanical techniques and other applications.
Antimicrobial activities of amphiphilic peptides covalently bonded to a water-insoluble resin (1995)

A series of polymer-bound antimicrobial peptides was prepared, and the peptides were tested for their antimicrobial activities. The immobilized peptides were prepared by a strategy that used solid-phase peptide synthesis that linked the carboxy-terminal amino acid with an ethylenediamine-modified polyamide resin (PepsynK). The acid-stable, permanent amide bond between the support and the nascent peptide renders the peptide resistant to cleavage from the support during the final acid-catalyzed deprotection step in the synthesis. Select immobilized peptides containing amino acid sequences that ranged from the naturally occurring magainin to simpler synthetic sequences with idealized secondary structures were excellent antimicrobial agents against several organisms. The immobilized peptides typically reduced the number of viable cells by > or = 5 log units. We show that the reduction in cell numbers cannot be explained by the action of a soluble component. We observed no leached or hydrolyzed peptide from the resin, nor did we observe any antimicrobial activity in soluble extracts from the immobilized peptide. The immobilized peptides were washed and reused for repeated microbial contact and killing. These results suggest that the surface actions by magainins and structurally related antimicrobial peptides are sufficient for their lethal activities.
Implantable microchips for controlled drug delivery (2005)

We report on the development of an implantable drug delivery system capable of delivering multiple individual doses. This product controls the release of potent therapeutic compounds that might otherwise require frequent injections. The system will provide stable, hermetic storage of therapeutic drugs, such as proteins and peptides, in solid, liquid, or gel form. Because discrete doses are stored individually, multiple-drug regimens of pulsatile or continuous release are possible. The microchip drug release technology has been evaluated in release studies in vitro and in vivo. Here we describe one such study. The method of drug release was successfully demonstrated and found to be reliable and repeatable.
A Survey of Interconnection Networks (1981)

Concurrent processing depends on interconnection networks for communication among processors and memory modules. Various network topologies and switching strategies are covered here.
Ultrasonic backscatter coefficient quantitative estimates from Chinese hamster ovary cell pellet biophantoms (2010)

A cell pellet biophantom technique is introduced, and applied to the ultrasonic backscatter coefficient (BSC) estimate using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Also introduced is a concentric sphere scattering model because of its geometrical similarities to cells with a nucleus. BSC comparisons were made between the concentric sphere model and other well-understood models for mathematical verification purposes. BSC estimates from CHO cell pellet biophantoms of known number density were performed with 40 and 80 MHz focused transducers (overall bandwidth: 26-105 MHz). These biophantoms were histologically processed and then evaluated for cell viability. Cell pellet BSC estimates were in agreement with the concentric sphere model. Fitting the model to the BSC data yielded quantitative values for the outer sphere and inner sphere. The radius of the cell model was 6.8 ± 0.7 μm; the impedance of the cytoplasm model was 1.63 ± 0.03 Mrayl and the impedance of the nuclear model was 1.55 ± 0.09 Mrayl. The concentric sphere model appears as a new tool for providing quantitative information on cell structures and will tend to have a fundamental role in the classification of biological tissues.
Submerged Citric Acid Fermentation on Orange Peel Autohydrolysate (2008)

The citrus-processing industry generates in the Mediterranean area huge amounts of orange peel as a byproduct from the industrial extraction of citrus juices. To reduce its environmental impact as well as to provide an extra profit, this residue was investigated in this study as an alternative substrate for the fermentative production of citric acid. Orange peel contained 16.9% soluble sugars, 9.21% cellulose, 10.5% hemicellulose, and 42.5% pectin as the most important components. To get solutions rich in soluble and starchy sugars to be used as a carbon source for citric acid fermentation, this raw material was submitted to autohydrolysis, a process that does not make use of any acidic catalyst. Liquors obtained by this process under optimum conditions (temperature of 130 degrees C and a liquid/solid ratio of 8.0 g/g) contained 38.2 g/L free sugars (8.3 g/L sucrose, 13.7 g/L glucose, and 16.2 g/L fructose) and significant amounts of metals, particularly Mg, Ca, Zn, and K. Without additional nutrients, these liquors were employed for citric acid production by Aspergillus niger CECT 2090 (ATCC 9142, NRRL 599). Addition of calcium carbonate enhanced citric acid production because it prevented progressive acidification of the medium. Moreover, the influence of methanol addition on citric acid formation was investigated. Under the best conditions (40 mL of methanol/kg of medium), an effective conversion of sugars into citric acid was ensured (maximum citric acid concentration of 9.2 g/L, volumetric productivity of 0.128 g/(L.h), and yield of product on consumed sugars of 0.53 g/g), hence demonstrating the potential of orange peel wastes as an alternative raw material for citric acid fermentation.
Evolving strategies in immunosuppressive therapy: the Emory experience. (1996)

We have reviewed our experience with various immunosuppression regimens over the past 11 years in 2,065 renal transplant recipients. Patients received triple-drug maintenance therapy with CsA, imuran and prednisone following either no induction therapy or treatment with polyclonal (PCA) or monoclonal (MCA) antibody. The most recent immunosuppressive regimen has included CsA, MMF, and prednisone without induction therapy. We observed that those patients receiving PCA had a better graft survival 5 years after transplantation than recipients with MCA induction or those receiving standard triple drug therapy without induction. Patients receiving MMF experienced superior one-year graft survival compared with those receiving induction with PCA, MCA or standard triple drug therapy. A similar one-year graft survival rate for both Black and White recipients was observed in the MMF group and raises the possibility of achieving improved long-term graft survival in Black recipients with a MMF-based immunosuppression strategy. Our experience indicates that excellent short-term graft survival can be achieved with an immunosuppressive protocol of MMF, CsA and prednisone without induction. Graft survival in MMF-treated recipients was equal to or superior to that which we previously achieved with induction therapy.
Tactile texture recognition with a 3-axial force MEMS integrated artificial finger (2009)

Recently, several three-axial MEMS-based force sensors have been developed. This kind of force micro sensor is also called tactile sensor in literature for its similarities in size and sensitivity with human mechanoreceptors. Therefore, we believe these three-axial force sensors being able to analyse textures properties while sliding on a surface, as would do a person with his finger. In this paper, we present one of these sensors packaged as an artificial finger, with a hard structure for the bone and a soft rubber for the skin. Preliminary experiments show a good sensitivity of the finger, as its ability to sense the periodic structure of fabrics or to differentiate papers from fabrics calculating a friction coefficient. Its performance for discrimination of different surfaces is then estimated on fine textures of 10 kinds of paper. Supervised classification methods are tested on the data. They lead to an automatic classifier of the 10 papers showing good performances.
Handling multiple points of view in a multimedia data warehouse (2006)

Data warehouses are dedicated to collecting heterogeneous and distributed data in order to perform decision analysis. Based on multidimensional model, OLAP commercial environments such as they are currently designed in traditional applications are used to provide means for the analysis of facts that are depicted by numeric data (e.g., sales depicted by amount or quantity sold). However, in numerous fields, like in medical or bioinformatics, multimedia data are used as valuable information in the decisional process. One of the problems when integrating multimedia data as facts in a multidimensional model is to deal with dimensions built on descriptors that can be obtained by various computation modes on raw multimedia data. Taking into account these computation modes makes possible the characterization of the data by various points of view depending on the user's profile, his best-practices, his level of expertise, and so on. We propose a new multidimensional model that integrates functional dimension versions allowing the descriptors of the multidimensional data to be computed by different functions. With this approach, the user is able to obtain and choose multiple points of view on the data he analyses. This model is used to develop an OLAP application for navigation into a hypercube integrating various functional dimension versions for the calculus of descriptors in a medical use case.
Rift Valley Fever Epidemic in Saudi Arabia: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Characteristics (2003)

This cohort descriptive study summarizes the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the Rift Valley fever (RVF) epidemic that occurred in Saudi Arabia from 26 August 2000 through 22 September 2001. A total of 886 cases were reported. Of 834 reported cases for which laboratory results were available, 81.9% were laboratory confirmed, of which 51.1% were positive for only RVF immunoglobulin M, 35.7% were positive for only RVF antigen, and 13.2% were positive for both. The mean age (+/- standard deviation) was 46.9+/-19.4 years, and the ratio of male to female patients was 4:1. Clinical and laboratory features included fever (92.6% of patients), nausea (59.4%), vomiting (52.6%), abdominal pain (38.0%), diarrhea (22.1%), jaundice (18.1%), neurological manifestations (17.1%), hemorrhagic manifestations (7.1%), vision loss or scotomas (1.5%), elevated liver enzyme levels (98%), elevated lactate dehydrogenase level (60.2%), thrombocytopenia (38.4%), leukopenia (39.7%), renal impairment or failure (27.8%), elevated creatine kinase level (27.3%), and severe anemia (15.1%). The mortality rate was 13.9%. Bleeding, neurological manifestations, and jaundice were independently associated with a high mortality rate. Patients with leukopenia had significantly a lower mortality rate than did those with a normal or high leukocyte count (2.3% vs. 27.9%; odds ratio, 0.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.63).
Thiadiaziridine 1,1-dioxides: synthesis and chemistry (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThiadiaziridine 1,1-dioxides: synthesis and chemistryJack W. Timberlake, Jeff Alender, Archie W. Garner, Melvin L. Hodges, Cenan Ozmeral, Sandor Szilagyi, and John O. JacobusCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 10, 2082–2089Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00323a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00323a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1627Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid on cognition in age‐related cognitive decline (2010)

Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT0027813.
T Cells Recognize a Glycopeptide Derived from Type II Collagen in a Model for Rheumatoid Arthritis (1998)

Even though most eucaryotic proteins are glycosylated, very little is known on if, or how, the glycans influence essential immunological events such as antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted presentation, and recognition by T cells. We have used synthetic glycopeptides to elucidate the specificity of T cell hybridomas, obtained by immunization with the glycoprotein type II collagen in a mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis. To enable these studies, glycosylated and suitably protected derivatives of (5R)-5-hydroxy-l-lysine, and the similar 5-hydroxy-l-norvaline, were prepared and then used in Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptides related to the immunodominant fragment from type II collagen, CII(256−270). Evaluation of the synthetic glycopeptides provided evidence that antigen-presenting cells can indeed process glycoproteins to glycopeptides, which elicit a T cell response when presented by class II MHC molecules. A glycopeptide carrying a single β-d-galactosyl residue attached to hydroxylysine at position 264 in the center of the CII(256−270) peptide was recognized by most of the hybridomas in a way involving specific contacts between the carbohydrate and the T cell receptor. The results suggest an explanation for the recent observation that glycosylated type II collagen induces more severe forms of arthritis in the mouse than deglycosylated type II collagen and provide additional knowledge on how rheumatoid arthritis may occur also in humans.
<title>Content-based image retrieval using multiresolution histogram representation</title> (1995)

We present two new approaches based on color histogram indexing for content-based retrieval of image databases. Since the high computational complexity has been one of the main barriers towards the use of similarity measures such as histogram intersection in large databases, we propose a hierarchical indexing scheme where computationally efficient features are used to subset the image before more sophisticated techniques are applied for precise retrieval. The use of histograms at different color resolutions as filtering and matching features in a hierarchical scheme is studied. In the second approach, a multiresolution representation of the histogram using the indices and signs of its largest wavelet coefficients is examined. Excellent results have been observed using the latter method.
Immunogenicity of Two Efficacious Outer Membrane Protein‐Based Serogroup B Meningococcal Vaccines among Young Adults in Iceland (1998)

Serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and ELISA antibody levels elicited by two efficacious serogroup B meningococcal vaccines were measured in a controlled trial involving 408 15- to 20-year-olds. Subjects were given two doses at a 6-week interval of a serogroup B or control vaccine. Response was defined as > or = 4-fold rise in antibody level. After two doses of the Finlay Institute (Havana) vaccine at 12 months, the proportions of SBA and ELISA responders were not different from those of the control group (15% and 17% [vaccine] vs. 13% and 9% [control], P > .05). After two doses of the National Institute of Public Health (Oslo) vaccine, there were more SBA and ELISA responders than in the control group (47% and 34% [vaccine] vs. 10% and 1% [control]) or the Finlay Institute vaccine group (P < .05 for both). SBA and ELISA may be insensitive correlates for protective efficacy for some outer membrane protein-based serogroup B meningococcal vaccines.
Neutron emission from a small 1-kJ plasma focus (1974)

Neutron emissions from a small 0.34–1.35-kJ (10–20-kV) plasma focus in D2 ranged between 1.2×106 and 2.8×108 neutrons per shot. Shapes of the neutron and the hard x-ray pulses (half-width [sine wave] 50 ns) agree, coinciding in time with the ``dip'' in the di/dt pulse. The angular neutron emission appears to follow the assumptions of the target beam model. Optical filament structures in the 30-ns-duration focus could not be observed.
Cell kinetic studies in the murine ventral tongue epithelium: mucositis induced by radiation and its protection by pretreatment with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) (2002)

Radiation kills or reduces reproductive capacity of proliferating cells, including stem cells. In the oral mucosae this can result in a decline in the number of cells in the tissue which, if severe enough, will result in the formation of an ulcer when the cellularity essentially reaches zero. We have used histometric measurements of cellularity following exposure to radiation in mouse ventral tongue epithelium as a model for oral mucositis (ulcer development). Here we provide further measurements of cellularity changes in the basal layer and in the epithelium as a whole at various times following 15, 20 or 25 Gy doses. The protective effects of prior treatment with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) are also investigated. 20 Gy of 300 kV X-rays has become our standard reference dose and the changes in cellularity seen following this dose are highly reproducible, with minimum values being observed 6 days following irradiation. A higher dose results in a greater reduction of cellularity, although the minimum value also occurs at 6 days. A lower dose (15 Gy) results in a much shallower curve, with a minimum value being observed about 1 day earlier. These changes in cellularity can be related to the less sensitive index of mucositis, namely epithelial thickness. There is also a sharp peak in proliferation about 1 day after the minimum in cellularity, i.e. on day 7. The peak following a lower dose of radiation occurs a little earlier and, following the higher dose, the peak tends to be broader. Previous work and data presented in the preceding paper in this series has shown that KGF, given over a period of 3 days, results in a dramatic increase in epithelial thickness in oral mucosa, including the ventral tongue. As a result of the increased cellularity induced by KGF given before radiation, a delay in the fall in cellularity results, which is the consequence of the increased number of cells in the epithelium at the beginning of the study.
Fungal Biotransformation of Morphine Alkaloids. (2009)

The purpose of the study was to determine the ability of certain fungi to&#13;\nbiotransform morphine alkaloids into medicinally relevant intermediates. Fungal&#13;\nstrains screened for their ability to affect biotransformation of morphine alkaloids&#13;\ninclude Cunninghamella echinulata, Helicostylum pirijorme, Pycnoporus sanguinea,&#13;\nPycnoporus cinnabarina, Curvularia lunata and Sporotrichum sulfurescens. The&#13;\nresearch demonstrated that Cunninghamella echinulata N-demethylated thebaine,&#13;\nhydrocodone, codeine, oripavine and oxycodone into corresponding nor-compounds in&#13;\nvarying yields.&#13;\nThe study further focused on the characterization of the enzyme responsible for&#13;\nthe biotransformation of thebaine into northebaine by Cunninghamella echinulata. The&#13;\nstudy clearly showed that incubation of the fungal culture with thebaine over a period&#13;\nof 48 hours was required to activate the biotransformation process.&#13;\nThe biotransformation studies with [14C] labeled thebaine showed that Ndemethylation&#13;\nby Cunningham ella echinulata does not involve O-demethylation&#13;\nfollowed by methyl group transfer as suggested in previous studies.
Progesterone production, LH receptors, and oxytocin secretion by ovine luteal cell types on Days 6,10 and 15 of the oestrous cycle and Day 25 of pregnancy (1987)

Corpora lutea were collected from sheep on Days 6, 10, and 15 of the oestrous cycle and Day 25 of pregnancy and dissociated into single cell suspensions. Purified preparations of large and small luteal cells were prepared by elutriation on all days except Day 6. Basal progesterone production by large cells was 6-8-fold higher than by small cells (36-65 vs 6-9 fg/cell/min). Oxytocin secretion was maximal on Day 6 (1.0 fg/cell/min) and declined thereafter. The number of receptors for LH increased between Day 6 and Day 10 and the two cell types had an equal number of receptors on Days 10 and 15 (19,000-23,000). Large cells on Day 25 of pregnancy had fewer receptors (12,000) than did small cells (26,000). Progesterone secretion by small luteal cells from all days examined was stimulated by LH (0.01-1000 ng/ml) in a dose-dependent manner; maximum sensitivity to LH occurred on Day 10. Despite the presence of receptors for LH on large cells, LH failed to stimulate progesterone production. Basal production of progesterone by large and small cells, and the response of small cells to LH, was not influenced by day examined. Re-combinations of large and small cells from Day 10 synergized to increase progesterone secretion. Prostaglandin E-2 (0.1-1000 ng/ml) did not stimulate progesterone secretion by large or small cells.