gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Transmembrane Signaling:  Insulin Binding and the Insulin Receptor (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionMechanism of Transmembrane Signaling: Insulin Binding and the Insulin ReceptorF. P. Ottensmeyer, Daniel R. Beniac, Robert Z.-T. Luo, and Cecil C. YipCite this: Biochemistry 2001, 40, 23, 6988Publication Date (Web):May 15, 2001Publication History Published online15 May 2001Published inissue 1 June 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi015135bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/bi015135bcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (4 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reexpression of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) gamma or overexpression of RAR alpha or RAR beta in RAR gamma-null F9 cells reveals a partial functional redundancy between the three RAR types. (1995)

Disruption of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) gamma in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells leads to aberrent differentiation and reduced activation of expression of several all-trans-retinoic acid (RA)-induced genes. We have analyzed the expression of several additional RA-responsive genes in RAR alpha- and RAR gamma-null F9 cells. The RA-induced activation of Cdx1, Gap43, Stra4, and Stra6 was specifically impaired in RAR gamma-null cells, supporting the idea that each RAR may regulate distinct subsets of target genes. To further investigate the role of RAR gamma in F9 cell differentiation, "rescue" cell lines reexpressing RAR gamma 2 or overexpressing either RAR alpha 1 or RAR beta 2 were established in RAR gamma-null cells. Reexpression of RAR gamma or overexpression of RAR alpha restored both target-gene activation and the differentiation potential. In contrast, over-expression of RAR beta only poorly restored differentiation, although it could replace RAR gamma for the activation of target genes. Functional redundancy between the various RARs is discussed.
The Pharmacologic Intensification of the Water Dissociation Process, or Human Photosynthesis, and Its Effect over the Recovery Mechanisms in Tissues Affected by Bloodshed of Diverse Etiology (2011)

The photoreceptor layer of the human retina has several characteristics that are unique. Their energy requirements are the highest in the organism; in proportion, rods and cones require 10-fold the energy consumed by the cerebral cortex, 6-fold more than the cardiac muscle, and 3-fold more than the renal cortex. Astonishingly, the photoreceptor layer has no blood vessels at all. So, where is the energy to this tissue coming from? In this article we’ll describe the hitherto unknown explanation.
Controlling Interchain Interactions in Conjugated Polymers:  The Effects of Chain Morphology on Exciton−Exciton Annihilation and Aggregation in MEH−PPV Films (1999)

The presence of interchain species in the photophysics of conjugated polymer films has been the subject of a great deal of controversy. In this paper, we present strong evidence that interchain species do form in conjugated polymer films, and that the degree of interchain interactions can be controlled by varying the solvent and polymer concentration of the solution from which the films are cast. Thus, much of the controversy in the literature can be resolved by noting that the polymer samples in different studies had different side groups or were prepared in different ways and thus have different degrees of interchain interaction. The photoluminescence (PL) of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2‘-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene), MEH−PPV, changes both its spectral shape and quantum yield when the films are prepared from different solutions or when the morphology is varied by annealing. Increasing the amount of interchain interactions enhances the red portion of the film's PL, a result assigned to a combination of changes in the vibronic structure of the PL of the exciton and increased numbers of weakly emissive interchain species. Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy shows that excitation to the red edge of the absorption band preferentially enhances the red emission, suggesting that the interchain species are aggregates with a distinct ground state absorption. Scanning force microscopy shows topographic features that correlate with the degree of interchain interactions, verifying that the morphology of conjugated polymer films changes with polymer concentration, choice of solvent, and spin-casting speed. Even at low excitation intensities, photooxidative damage occurs quickly in MEH−PPV films excited in air, and the rate at which damage occurs is sensitive to the packing of the polymer chains. For samples under vacuum at low excitation intensity, a long-lived emissive tail, in combination with excited-state absorption dynamics that do not match those of the emissive species, provide direct evidence for the production of interchain aggregates. Annealing an MEH−PPV film produces a photophysical signature similar to photooxidation, implying that defects in conjugated polymer films are intrinsic and depend on the details of how the chains are packed. At higher excitation intensities, we find that exciton−exciton annihilation occurs, and that the probability for annihilation can vary by an order of magnitude depending on the degree of interchain contact in the film. Finally, we show that changing the film morphology has a direct effect on the performance of MEH−PPV-based light-emitting diodes. Higher degrees of interchain interaction enhance the mobility of carriers at the expense of lower quantum efficiencies for electroluminescence. Taken together, the results reconcile much of the contradictory literature and provide a prescription for the optimization of conjugated polymer films for particular device applications.
Synergistic enhancement by tumor necrosis factor of in vitro cytotoxicity from chemotherapeutic drugs targeted at DNA topoisomerase II. (1987)

Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHTNF) alone had no effect on L929 tumor cells at 100 units/ml for 20 h of continuous exposure. However, under the same conditions, rHTNF markedly enhanced the cytotoxicity of Adriamycin, actinomycin D, 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide, teniposide (VM 26), and etoposide (VP 16), all targeted at DNA topoisomerase II. The rHTNF had a minimally enhancing effect on the cytotoxicity of bleomycin, hydroxyurea, and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and no effect on the cytotoxicity of cis-platinum, mitomycin C, vincristine, and vinblastine, all chemotherapeutic drugs with dose-related cytotoxic effects on L929 cells but mechanisms of action which do not appear to involve topoisomerase II. Treatment with rHTNF first and then topoisomerase-targeted drugs yielded no enhanced cytotoxicity, whereas pretreatment with drug followed by rHTNF yielded marked enhancement of cytotoxicity. Topoisomerases have previously been implicated in cell kill phenomena following treatment with certain chemotherapeutic agents [K.M. Tewey, et al., Science (Wash. DC), 226:466-468, 1984]. The data suggest that the lethality to the cell from topoisomerase-targeted drug treatment is increased by rHTNF in vitro. We suggest that rHTNF may be a useful adjuvant to this class of drugs which has well-known antitumor activity.
Diameter-Selective Growth of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with High Quality by Floating Catalyst Method (2008)

High-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with tunable diameters were synthesized by an improved H(2)/CH(4)-based floating catalyst method. Transmission electron microscopy observations and Raman results demonstrated the overall quality of the as-synthesized samples with finely tailored large diameters at 1.28, 1.62, 1.72, 1.91, and 2.13 nm, depending on the experimental conditions. In addition, Raman analysis revealed that the abundance of specific (n, m) SWNTs could be selectively enriched simultaneously along with the diameter modulation. It was found that the selective etching effects of high hydrogen flow stabilized the decomposition of ultralow CH(4) flow and considerably suppressed the deposition of amorphous carbon and small nanotubes, leading to very pure samples with high structural homogeneity suitable for further applications in practical electronic systems.
The use of supported transition metals and metal oxides as catalysts for the metal carbonyl substitution reaction (1982)

Supported transition metals(Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh) and PdO and PtO2 catalyse the reaction M–CO + L → M–L + CO (L = isonitrile, group 5 donor ligand) and readily give complexes such as Mo(CO)2(PhCH2NC)4, Mn2(CO)9(C6H11NC), Ir4(CO)6(ButNC)6, and Re2(CO)8(PMePh2)2in high yield; the catalyst supports also show mild catalytic behaviour.
Light Harvesting by Carotenoids Incorporated into the B850 Light-Harvesting Complex fromRhodobactersphaeroidesR-26.1:  Excited-State Relaxation, Ultrafast Triplet Formation, and Energy Transfer to Bacteriochlorophyll (2003)

Spirilloxanthin and spheroidene were reconstituted into the carotenoidless B850 light-harvesting (LH) complex from the Rhodobacter (Rb.) sphaeroides R-26.1 mutant with the aim to obtain new insights in energy transfer, triplet formation, and other relaxation phenomena in photosynthetic light harvesting. Resonance Raman measurements showed that spirilloxanthin and spheroidene are bound to the B850 complex in the same planar configuration, whereas spirilloxanthin in its native LH1 complex of Rhodospirillum (Rs.) rubrum assumes a twisted configuration. Ultrafast transient absorption measurements with excitation of the carotenoid molecules to their S2 state enabled us to identify, in both reconstituted B850 complexes, the recently found S* carotenoid singlet excited state and the direct generation of carotenoid triplet states within picoseconds through the singlet fission mechanism [Gradinaru, C. C., et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2001, 98, 2364−2369]. Global analysis has allowed us to quantify the formation yields of these states. In the B850 complex reconstituted with spheroidene, the triplet yield is 5−10%, similar to that found on the spheroidene-binding LH2 complex of Rb. sphaeroides 2.4.1 [Papagiannakis, E. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002, 99, 6017−6022]. The triplet state of spirilloxanthin in the B850 complex is formed with a similar low yield, in contrast to the native LH1 complex of Rs. rubrum where the triplet yield is as large as 25−30%. This illustrates that the formation of the triplet state depends on the type of complex that binds the carotenoid and not on the carotenoid itself. More specifically, the singlet fission process that underlies ultrafast triplet formation is more efficient when spirilloxanthin is bound in a distorted configuration (in Rs. rubrum) than with either spirilloxanthin or spheroidene bound in a planar configuration (in Rb. sphaeroides). The extent of geometrical deformation of the carotenoid imposed by binding to the LH complexes partly determines the carotenoid light-harvesting function by either deactivating the excited-state energy of S* by transformation into a triplet pair or allowing this energy to flow to bacteriochlorophyll. Comparison of the energy transfer properties in the spheroidene-reconstituted B850 complex, which lacks the B800 bacteriochlorophyll, with that of the LH2 complex of Rb. sphaeroides 2.4.1 suggests that, apart from a light-harvesting function, the B800 bacteriochlorophylls in LH2 may have an important role in funneling the photon energy absorbed by carotenoids toward the reaction center.
Friedreich ataxia: the oxidative stress paradox (2004)

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) results from a generalized deficiency of mitochondrial and cytosolic iron-sulfur protein activity initially ascribed to mitochondrial iron overload. Recent in vitro data suggest that frataxin is necessary for iron incorporation in Fe-S cluster (ISC) and heme biosynthesis. In addition, several reports suggest that continuous oxidative damage resulting from hampered superoxide dismutases (SODs) signaling participates in the mitochondrial deficiency and ultimately the neuronal and cardiac cell death. This has led to the use of antioxidants such as idebenone for FRDA therapy. To further discern the role of oxidative stress in FRDA pathophysiology, we have tested the potential effect of increased antioxidant defense using an MnSOD mimetic (MnTBAP) and Cu,ZnSOD overexpression on the murine FRDA cardiomyopathy. Surprisingly, no positive effect was observed, suggesting that increased superoxide production could not explain by itself the FRDA cardiac pathophysiology. Moreover, we demonstrate that complete frataxin-deficiency neither induces oxidative stress in neuronal tissues nor alters the MnSOD expression and induction in the early step of the pathology (neuronal and cardiac) as previously suggested. We show that cytosolic ISC aconitase activity of iron regulatory protein-1 progressively decreases, whereas its apo-RNA binding form increases despite the absence of oxidative stress, suggesting that in a mammalian system the mitochondrial ISC assembly machinery is essential for cytosolic ISC biogenesis. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that in FRDA, mitochondrial iron accumulation does not induce oxidative stress and we propose that, contrary to the general assumption, FRDA is a neurodegenerative disease not associated with oxidative damage.
Marine natural products (1995)

D. J. Faulkner, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1995, 12, 223 DOI: 10.1039/NP9951200223
Augmenting a window system with speech input (1990)

Some necessary background in speech recognition and window systems is given, with an analysis of how they might be combined. Xspeak, a navigation application, and its operation and a field study of its use are described. With Xspeak, window navigation tasks usually performed with a mouse can be controlled by voice. An improved version, Xspeak II, which incorporates a language for translating spoken commands, is introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modified BINAP:  The How and the Why (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModified BINAP: The How and the WhyMikaël Berthod, Gérard Mignani, Gary Woodward, and Marc LemaireView Author Information Laboratoire de Catalyse et Synthèse Organique, UCBL-CPE, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, Rhodia CR de Lyon, 85 Avenue des Frères Perret, 69192 Saint Fons Cedex, France, and Rhodia PPD, Oldbury Works, Oldbury, West Midlands B69 4LN, England Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 5, 1801–1836Publication Date (Web):April 16, 2005Publication History Received6 October 2004Published online16 April 2005Published inissue 1 May 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/cr040652wCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8005Altmetric-Citations420LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrogenation,Ligands,Reaction products,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
A robust high performance three-phase uninterruptible power supply (2002)

High power converters, such as three-phase inverters, usually operate at low frequencies due to the switching losses. Besides, modeling errors and non-linear loads with unmodeled dynamics can degrade the controller performance resulting in a poor transient response and instability. A robust model reference adaptive controller (RMRAC) for three-phase uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) is presented. The three-phase system model is rewritten, using a synchronous transformation in dq coordinates, and a RMRAC controller is used to assure system robustness and performance. Simulation and experimental results are used to show the closed-loop system robustness and performance under several operation conditions.
RSVP policy control using XACML (2004)

This work proposes a XML-based framework for distributing and enforcing RSVP access control policies, for RSVP-aware application servers. Policies are represented by extending XACML, the general purpose access control language proposed by OASIS. Because RSVP is a specific application domain, it is not directly supported by the XACML standard. Hence, this work defines the XACML extensions required for representing and transporting the RSVP access control policy information. The XACML-based framework is proposed as an alternative to the IETF PCIM-based approach. Both approaches are compared in this paper.
Sulfhydryl dependence in primary explant hematopoietic cells. Inhibition of growth in vitro with vitamin B12 compounds. (1975)

Primary explants of P388, EL-4, and L1210 murine leukemia cells and of normal mouse bone marrow are shown to require sulfhydryl compounds for proliferation in vitro. Nine extablished cell lines show no stimulation by these compounds. Leukemia cells can lose the sulfhydryl dependence after various periods of adaptation to in vitro culture. Various sulfhydryl compounds have widely differing potencies in promoting in vitro proliferation of dependent cells. The effect appears to be specific for sulfhydryl groups in the reduced form. Vitamin B12 compounds inhibit the growth of sulfhydryl-requiring cells, apparently by catalyzing the oxidation of the sulfhydryl groups.
Regulation of the PML tumor suppressor in drug-induced senescence of human normal and cancer cells by JAK/STAT-mediated signaling (2010)

The Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) tumor suppressor is upregulated in several forms of cellular senescence, however the mechanism of its induction is elusive. Here we show that genotoxic drugs that induce senescence, such as 5-bromo-2'deoxyuridine (BrdU), thymidine (TMD), distamycin A (DMA), aphidicolin (APH), etoposide (ET) and camptothecin (CPT) all evoke expansion of PML nuclear compartment and its association with persistent DNA lesions in several human cancer cell lines and normal diploid fibroblasts. This phenomenon was accompanied by elevation of PML transcripts after treatment with BrdU, TMD, DMA and CPT. Chemical inhibition of all JAK kinases and RNAi-mediated knock-down of JAK1 suppressed PML expression, implicating JAK/STAT-mediated signaling in regulation of the PML gene. As PML protein stability remained unchanged after drug treatment, decreased protein turnover was unlikely to explain the senescence-associated increased abundance of PML. Furthermore, binding activity of Interferon Stimulated Response Element (ISRE) within the PML gene promoter, and suppression of reporter gene activity after deletion of ISRE from the PML promoter region suggested that drug-induced PML transcription is controlled via transcription factors interacting with this element. Collectively, our data show that upregulation of the PML tumor suppressor in cellular senescence triggered by diverse drugs including clinically used anti-cancer chemotherapeutics relies on stimulation of PML transcription by JAK/STAT-mediated signaling, possibly evoked by the autocrine/paracrine activities of senescence-associated cytokines.
WDM receiver by monolithic integration of an opticalpreamplifier,waveguide grating router and photodiode array (1995)

A high performance monolithic WDM receiver is demonstrated. The chip receives eight optical channels spaced by 200 GHz. An optical amplifier at the input of the device boosts the incoming signal. A fibre insertion DC responsivity of 0.5 A/W and crosstalk below –20 dB are achieved. The receiver has a small signal bandwidth of 3.5 GHz.
Systemic lupus erythematosus. Disease outcome in patients with a disease duration of at least 10 years: second evaluation (2001)

Data related to the disease course of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with special attention to the persistence of disease activity in the long term are scarce. At this moment reliable figures are only known about the survival rate as a measure of outcome. The aim of this multicenter study was to describe the outcome of SLE patients with a disease duration of greater than 10 y. Outcome parameters were two disease activity-scoring systems (SLEDAI and ECLAM), the end organ damage (SLICC/ACR damage index) and treatment. Our results are derived from 187 SLE patients followed at 10 different centres in Europe over a period of 1 y. Serious clinical signs or exacerbations, defined by the occurrence or detoriation of already existing symptoms of renal and cerebral nervous systems were observed in 2-11% of the patients, seizures and psychosis in 3%, proteinuria in 11% and an increase in serum creatinine in 5% of the patients. No change took place in the overall damage index. Yet, the disease course in most patients was characterized by periods of tiredness (42-60%), arthritis (20-25%), skin involvement such as malar rash (32-40%), migraine (15-20%), anaemia (15%) and leucopenia (17-19%). Summarizing these results it is shown that patients, still under care after such a long time of having this disease, do have a disease that is far from extinguished.