gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Water Stability and Adsorption in Metal–Organic Frameworks (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTWater Stability and Adsorption in Metal–Organic FrameworksNicholas C. Burtch, Himanshu Jasuja, and Krista S. Walton*View Author Information School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 20, 10575–10612Publication Date (Web):September 29, 2014Publication History Received14 May 2014Published online29 September 2014Published inissue 22 October 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr5002589https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5002589review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40942Altmetric-Citations1980LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Chemical structure,Isotherms,Metal organic frameworks,Stability Get e-Alerts
HIV-Associated Wasting in the HAART Era: Guidelines for Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment (2001)

Wasting (malnutrition) and lipodystrophy are the two major nutritional alterations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Both wasting and lipodystrophy may involve a decrease in body fat content, while wasting—but not lipodystrophy—also includes the loss of lean body mass. Lipodystrophy has made the identification of wasting increasingly more difficult. The diagnosis of wasting depends on a definition of the condition that takes into account sex and cultural differences, as well as measurements of body cell mass. Patient management involves a concurrent, comprehensive approach designed to restore lost body cell mass and weight. The authors make recommendations for defining, diagnosing, and treating HIV-associated wasting. Specific therapies include testosterone replacement, other anabolic steroids, and recombinant human growth hormone. Other adjunctive measures, such as progressive resistance exercise and cytokine modulation, may also be utilized. Expected outcomes from effective treatment include restored body cell mass, improvement in quality of life, and reduced rates of hospitalization. Future directions for research should address the need for optimal treatment strategies.
Two generalized complex orthogonal space-time block codes of rates 7/11 and 3/5 for 5 and 6 transmit antennas (2003)

Space-time block codes from orthogonal designs have two advantages, namely, fast maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding and full diversity. Rate 1 real (pulse amplitude modulation-PAM) space-time codes (real orthogonal designs) for multiple transmit antennas have been constructed from the real Hurwitz-Radon families, which also provides the rate 1/2 complex (quadrature amplitude modulation-QAM) space-time codes (complex orthogonal designs) for any number of transmit antennas. Rate 3/4 complex orthogonal designs (space-time codes) for three and four transmit antennas have existed in the literature but no high rate (>1/2) complex orthogonal designs for other numbers of transmit antennas exist. We present rate 7/11 and rate 3/5 generalized complex orthogonal designs for five and six transmit antennas, respectively.
Attenuation of depression of muscle protein synthesis induced by lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor, and angiotensin II by β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (2008)

beta-Hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB; 50 microM) has been shown to attenuate the depression in protein synthesis in murine myotubes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with or without interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and angiotensin II (ANG II). The mechanism for the depression of protein synthesis by all three agents was the same and was attributed to activation of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) with the subsequent phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) on the alpha-subunit as well as increased phosphorylation of the elongation factor (eEF2). Myotubes expressing a catalytically inactive PKR variant, PKRDelta6, showed no depression of protein synthesis in response to either LPS or TNF-alpha, confirming the importance of PKR in this process. There was no effect of any of the agents on phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) or initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP1), and thus no change in the amount of eIF4E bound to 4E-BP1 or the concentration of the active eIF4E.eIF4G complex. HMB attenuated phosphorylation of eEF2, possibly by increasing phosphorylation of mTOR, and also attenuated phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by preventing activation of PKR. These results suggest that HMB may be effective in attenuating muscle atrophy in a range of catabolic conditions.
A little knowledge goes a long way: faster detection of compromised data in 2-D tables (1990)

A reexamination is made of the problem of protecting sensitive data in an n by n table of integer statistics, when the nonsensitive data are made public along with the row and column sums for the table. Consideration is given to the problem of computing the tightest upper bounds on the values of sensitive (undisclosed) cells. These bounds, together with tightest lower bounds (which can be efficiently computed), define precisely the smallest intervals that an adversary can deduce for the missing sensitive cell values. Small intervals compromise the security of the undisclosed data, and in some cases violate laws on public data disclosure. It is observed that the number of initial needed bounds can be reduced from O(n log n) to 2n-1 by exploiting a recent result of C.K. Cheung and T.C. Hu (1988).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Nontoxic Chimeric Enterotoxin Adjuvant Induces Protective Immunity in Both Mucosal and Systemic Compartments with Reduced IgE Antibodies (2002)

A novel nontoxic form of chimeric mucosal adjuvant that combines the A subunit of mutant cholera toxin E112K with the pentameric B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was constructed by use of the Brevibacillus choshinensis expression system (mCTA/LTB). Nasal immunization of mice with tetanus toxoid (TT) plus mCTA/LTB elicited significant TT-specific immunoglobulin A responses in mucosal compartments and induced high serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A anti-TT antibody responses. Although TT plus native CT induced high total and TT-specific immunoglobulin E responses, use of the chimera molecule as mucosal adjuvant did not. Furthermore, all mice immunized with TT plus mCTA/LTB were protected from lethal systemic challenge with tetanus toxin. Importantly, the mice were completely protected from influenza virus infection after nasal immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine together with mCTA/LTB. These results show that B. choshinensis-derived mCTA/LTB is an effective and safe mucosal adjuvant for the induction of protective immunity against potent bacterial exotoxin and influenza virus infection.
Abstract 17499: ETC-1002 Incrementally Lowers Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia Receiving Stable Statin Therapy (2015)

Background: ETC-1002 is an oral investigational drug that modulates hepatic adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase to reduce cholesterol biosynthesis and may be beneficial in treating patients with elevated LDL-C despite using stable statin therapy. Methods: A double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled multicenter trial evaluated patients (n=134) with baseline LDL-C of 115-220 mg/dL while taking atorvastatin ≤20 mg, simvastatin ≤20 mg, rosuvastatin ≤10mg or pravastatin ≤40 mg randomized to ETC-1002 120 mg, ETC-1002 180 mg, or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Results: ETC-1002 120 mg (p=0.0055) and 180 mg (p&lt;0.0001) lowered LDL-C significantly more than placebo (primary endpoint) as an add-on to statin therapy. ETC-1002 also lowered (p&lt;0.05) apolipoprotein B, non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol and LDL particle number more than placebo. C-reactive protein was also reduced with ETC-1002 120 mg (22%, p=0.26) and 180 mg (30%, p=0.08) versus 0% with placebo. Adverse events (AEs), muscle-related AEs, discontinuations due to AEs and levels of clinical safety labs were generally similar compared with placebo. Conclusion: In patients with elevated LDL-C despite stable statin therapy, ETC-1002 produces incremental LDL-C lowering and is well-tolerated.
Pharmacokinetics of SDZ RAD and cyclosporin including their metabolites in seven kidney graft patients after the first dose of SDZ RAD (2000)

A single dose of SDZ RAD did not influence significantly the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin. The most important metabolite of SDZ RAD was the hydroxy-SDZ RAD, its AUC(0,24 h) being nearly half that of the parent compound SDZ RAD.
Preparation and characterization of chitin beads as a wound dressing precursor (2000)

Chitin was dissolved in N, N-dimethylacetamide/5% lithium chloride (DMAc/5%LiCl) to form a 0.5% chitin solution. Chitin beads were formed by dropping the 0.5% chitin solution into a nonsolvent coagulant, ethanol. The beads were left in ethanol for 24 h to permit hardening, consolidation, and removal of residual DMAc/5%LiCl solvent in order to give spherical chitin beads uniform size distribution. The ethanol-gelled chitin beads had an average diameter of 535 microm. The chitin beads were subsequently activated in 50% (w/v) NaOH solution and reacted with 1.9 M monochloroacetic acid/2-propanol solution to introduce a carboxymethylated surface layer to the chitin beads. The bilayer character of the surface-carboxymethylated chitin (SCM-chitin) beads was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and confocal microscopy. The bilayered SCM-chitin beads were found to absorb up to 95 times their dry weight of water. These SCM-chitin beads have potential as a component of wound dressings.
The Solvent Protection of Alzheimer Amyloid-β-(1–42) Fibrils as Determined by Solution NMR Spectroscopy (2005)

Alzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is tightly linked to the self-assembly and amyloid formation of the 39-43-residue-long amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide. Considerable evidence suggests a correlation between Alzheimer disease development and the longer variants of the peptide, Abeta-(1-42/43). Currently, a molecular understanding for this behavior is lacking. In the present study, we have investigated the hydrogen/deuterium exchange of Abeta-(1-42) fibrils under physiological conditions, using solution NMR spectroscopy. The obtained residue-specific and quantitative map of the solvent protection within the Abeta-(1-42) fibril shows that there are two protected core regions, Glu11-Gly25 and Lys28-Ala42, and that the residues in between, Ser26 and Asn27, as well as those in the N terminus, Asp1-Tyr10, are solvent-accessible. This result reveals considerable discrepancies when compared with a previous investigation on Abeta-(1-40) fibrils and suggests that the additional residues in Abeta-(1-42), Ile41 and Ala42, significantly increase the solvent protection and stability of the C-terminal region Lys28-Ala42. Consequently, our findings provide a molecular explanation for the increased amyloidogenicity and toxicity of Abeta-(1-42) compared with shorter Abeta variants found in vivo.
TriKEs and BiKEs join CARs on the cancer immunotherapy highway (2016)

Unprecedented clinical success has recently been achieved in cancer immunotherapy using cytotoxic T cells armed with activating tumor-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs). Natural killer (NK) cells, potent cytotoxic effectors, also hold potential to be effectively harnessed for immunotherapy. The anti-tumor efficacy of NK cell therapies has been limited by a lack of antigen specificity and the poor persistence of NK cells in vivo. To address these limitations, Vallera and colleagues developed novel Trispecific Killer cell Engagers (TriKEs), reported in the Feb. 2016 issue of Clinical Cancer Research. <sup>1</sup> The novel TriKE immunomodulator evolved from the Bispecific Killer cell Engager (BiKE), a precursor developed by the same team. BiKEs comprise 2 antibody fragments, a first recognizing a tumor antigen and a second directed against CD16 on NK cells, which together trigger antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. IL-15 was further integrated to create TriKEs in order to drive NK cell expansion. Compared to BiKEs, TriKEs elicit far superior NK cytotoxicity and NK cell persistence in a xenograft tumor model in vivo, and are proposed to be effective adjuncts to existing NK transfer protocols. Importantly, TriKEs provide a versatile and cost-effective platform onto which novel targeting ligands can be incorporated and hold the potential to stimulate endogenous NK cells in order to circumvent the need for cell transfers altogether, heralding a new generation of immunotherapeutics.
Clinical practice in respiratory care (1999)

Start your students off with everything they need! This practical introduction to the clinical practice of respiratory care presents thorough yet concise coverage of all the essentials. Based on explanation and application of the AARC's latest Clinical Practice Guidelines, the text provides the most current information available. Numerous objectives, examples, cases and problems offer the reader many opportunities for goal-setting, critical thinking and self-assessment. The glossaries and list of references promote further study. All students in the field of respiratory care will benefit from this comprehensive, reliable guide
The designers' outpost (2001)

In our previous studies into web design, we found that pens, paper, walls, and tables were often used for explaining, developing, and communicating ideas during the early phases of design. These wall-scale paper-based design practices inspired The Designers' Outpost, a tangible user interface that combines the affordances of paper and large physical workspaces with the advantages of electronic media to support information design. With Outpost, users collaboratively author web site information architectures on an electronic whiteboard using physical media (Post-it notes and images), structuring and annotating that information with electronic pens. This interaction is enabled by a touch-sensitive SMART Board augmented with a robust computer vision system, employing a rear-mounted video camera for capturing movement and a front-mounted high-resolution camera for capturing ink. We conducted a participatory design study with fifteen professional web designers. The study validated that Outpost supports information architecture work practice, and led to our adding support for fluid transitions to other tools.
Therapeutic Induction of Arteriogenesis in Hypoperfused Rat Brain Via Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (2003)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stimulation of arteriogenesis in the brain. The subcutaneous application of GM-CSF led to functional improvement of brain hemodynamic parameters.
Learning Large Scale Ordinary Differential Equation Systems (2017)

Learning large scale nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems from data is known to be computationally and statistically challenging. We present a framework together with the adaptive integral matching (AIM) algorithm for learning polynomial or rational ODE systems with a sparse network structure. The framework allows for time course data sampled from multiple environments representing e.g. different interventions or perturbations of the system. The algorithm AIM combines an initial penalised integral matching step with an adapted least squares step based on solving the ODE numerically. The R package episode implements AIM together with several other algorithms and is available from CRAN. It is shown that AIM achieves state-of-the-art network recovery for the in silico phosphoprotein abundance data from the eighth DREAM challenge with an AUROC of 0.74, and it is demonstrated via a range of numerical examples that AIM has good statistical properties while being computationally feasible even for large systems.
Brain Metabolism of Ethanol and Alcoholism: An Update (2007)

It has long been suggested that some of the neuropharmacological, neurochemical and behavioural effects of ethanol are mediated by its first metabolite, acetaldehyde. In spite of the well documented psychoactivity of acetaldehyde, the precise role of this compound in alcohol abuse remains a matter of intense debate among scientists devoted to the study of alcoholism. Very frequently, the main drawback has been related to the presence of adequate levels of acetaldehyde or its derivatives inside the brain after ethanol ingestion. Since penetration into the central nervous system from blood of peripherically derived acetaldehyde is very low due to the high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity at the blood-brain barrier, several authors called into question the acetaldehyde implication in the toxicity and neurobehavioral effects of ethanol. The confirmation in several laboratories of the existence of enzymatic mechanisms of ethanol oxidation in the brain has revitalized the old theories supporting the acetaldehyde contribution to alcohol abuse and alcoholism. In this paper, we review current data on the brain metabolism of ethanol. We focused on the description of the enzymatic mechanisms involved in this metabolic process, reviewing the constitutive expression, catalytic activity and inhibition and inducibility of the enzymes involved in brain ethanol metabolism. We also analyze old and recent data on their regional distribution and cellular localization in the central nervous system, with special reference to the mesocorticolimbic system, a dopaminergic brain pathway that plays an important role in drug and ethanol reinforcement.
Polyvalent inhibitors of anthrax toxin that target host receptors (2006)

Resistance of pathogens to antimicrobial therapeutics has become a widespread problem. Resistance can emerge naturally, but it can also be engineered intentionally, which is an important consideration in designing therapeutics for bioterrorism agents. Blocking host receptors used by pathogens represents a powerful strategy to overcome this problem, because extensive alterations to the pathogen may be required to enable it to switch to a new receptor that can still support pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrate a facile method for producing potent receptor-directed antitoxins. We used phage display to identify a peptide that binds both anthrax-toxin receptors and attached this peptide to a synthetic scaffold. Polyvalency increased the potency of these peptides by >50,000-fold in vitro and enabled the neutralization of anthrax toxin in vivo. This work demonstrates a receptor-directed anthrax-toxin inhibitor and represents a promising strategy to combat a variety of viral and bacterial diseases.
Vaccine-Induced CD4+ T Cell Responses to MAGE-3 Protein in Lung Cancer Patients (2004)

MAGE-3 is the most commonly expressed cancer testis Ag and thus represents a prime target for cancer vaccines, despite infrequent natural occurrence of MAGE-3-specific immune responses in vivo. We report in this study the successful induction of Ab, CD8(+), and CD4(+) T cells in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients vaccinated with MAGE-3 recombinant protein. Two cohorts were analyzed: one receiving MAGE-3 protein alone, and one receiving MAGE-3 protein with adjuvant AS02B. Of nine patients in the first cohort, three developed marginal Ab titers and another one had a CD8(+) T cell response to HLA-A2-restricted peptide MAGE-3 271-279. In contrast, of eight patients from the second cohort vaccinated with MAGE-3 protein and adjuvant, seven developed high-titered Abs to MAGE-3, and four had a strong concomitant CD4(+) T cell response to HLA-DP4-restricted peptide 243-258. One patient simultaneously developed CD8(+) T cells to HLA-A1-restricted peptide 168-176. The novel monitoring methodology used in this MAGE-3 study establishes that protein vaccination induces clear CD4(+) T cell responses that correlate with Ab production. This development provides the framework for further evaluating integrated immune responses in vaccine settings and for optimizing these responses for clinical benefit.
Assignment of the polymorphic intestinal mucin gene (MUC2) to chromosome 11p15 (1990)

A cDNA coding for a mucin expressed in intestine has recently been cloned (Gum et al. 1989). We describe here the use of this cDNA to map the gene (MUC2) to human chromosome 11 using somatic cell hybrids, and to make the regional localization to 11p15 by in situ hybridization. Analysis of the CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain) families revealed that MUC2 forms part of the tight linkage group on 11p15 which contains HRAS, INS, TH and HBBC.
Seismic properties of pore fluids (1992)

Abstract Pore fluids strongly influence the seismic properties of rocks. The densities, bulk moduli, velocities, and viscosities of common pore fluids are usually oversimplified in geophysics. We use a combination of thermodynamic relationships, empirical trends, and new and published data to examine the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition on these important seismic properties of hydrocarbon gases and oils and of brines. Estimates of in-situ conditions and pore fluid composition yield more accurate values of these fluid properties than are typically assumed. Simplified expressions are developed to facilitate the use of realistic fluid properties in rock models.Pore fluids have properties that vary substantially, but systematically, with composition, pressure, and temperature. Gas and oil density and modulus, as well as oil viscosity, increase with molecular weight and pressure, and decrease with temperature. Gas viscosity has a similar behavior, except at higher temperatures and lower pressures, where the viscosity will increase slightly with increasing temperature. Large amounts of gas can go into solution in lighter oils and substantially lower the modulus and viscosity. Brine modulus, density, and viscosities increase with increasing salt content and pressure. Brine is peculiar because the modulus reaches a maximum at a temperature from 40 to 80 degrees C. Far less gas can be absorbed by brines than by light oils. As a result, gas in solution in oils can drive their modulus so far below that of brines that seismic reflection bright spots may develop from the interface between oil saturated and brine saturated rocks.