gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Does diatomic sulfur(S2) react as a free species? (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDoes diatomic sulfur(S2) react as a free species?Kosta Steliou, Paul Salama, and Xiaoping YuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 4, 1456–1462Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00030a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00030a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views748Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interference-Nulling Time-Reversal Beamforming for mm-Wave Massive MIMO in Multi-User Frequency-Selective Indoor Channels (2015)

Millimeter wave (mm-wave) and massive MIMO have been proposed for next generation wireless systems. However, there are many open problems for the implementation of those technologies. In particular, beamforming is necessary in mm-wave systems in order to counter high propagation losses. However, conventional beamsteering is not always appropriate in rich scattering multipath channels with frequency selective fading, such as those found in indoor environments. In this context, time-reversal (TR) is considered a promising beamforming technique for such mm-wave massive MIMO systems. In this paper, we analyze a baseband TR beamforming system for mm-wave multi-user massive MIMO. We verify that, as the number of antennas increases, TR yields good equalization and interference mitigation properties, but inter-user interference (IUI) remains a main impairment. Thus, we propose a novel technique called interference-nulling TR (INTR) to minimize IUI. We evaluate numerically the performance of INTR and compare it with conventional TR and equalized TR beamforming. We use a 60 GHz MIMO channel model with spatial correlation based on the IEEE 802.11ad SISO NLoS model. We demonstrate that INTR outperforms conventional TR with respect to average BER per user and achievable sum rate under diverse conditions, providing both diversity and multiplexing gains simultaneously.
Esperamicins, a novel class of potent antitumor antibiotics. 2. Structure of esperamicin X (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEsperamicins, a novel class of potent antitumor antibiotics. 2. Structure of esperamicin XJerzy Golik, Jon Clardy, George Dubay, Gary Groenewold, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Masataka Konishi, Bala Krishnan, Hiroaki Ohkuma, Kyoichiro Saitoh, and Terrence W. DoyleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 11, 3461–3462Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00245a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00245a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views630Altmetric-Citations232LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A numerical free-surface condition for elastic/viscoelastic finite-difference modeling in the presence of topography (1996)

Abstract An accurate free-surface boundary condition is important for solving a wide variety of seismic modeling problems. In particular, for earthquake site studies or shallow environmental investigations the surface of the earth may have a significant impact on the outcome of simulations. Computations based on several elastic/viscoelastic flat horizontal free-surface conditions are compared and benchmarked against an analytical solution. An accurate and simple condition is found and then generalized to allow for irregular free surfaces. This new method is simple to implement in conventional staggered finite-difference schemes, is computationally efficient and enables modeling of highly irregular topography. The accuracy of the method is investigated and criteria for sampling of the wavefield are derived.
Effective use of the recombinant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist anakinra in therapy resistant systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (2004)

Systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (SOJRA) is a multisystem disease characterized by high fever, rash, arthritis, serositis, splenomegaly, and laboratory evidence of systemic inflammation. Anticytokine therapies show promise in the treatment of chronic arthritides in children. We describe the use of the recombinant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist anakinra in 2 patients with therapy resistant SOJRA. Both patients experienced immediate and sustained resolution of symptoms and laboratory markers of inflammation, in one case after years of treatment with other immunosuppressive therapies.
A Collapsible Impulse Radiating Antenna (2005)

The FRI-CIRA-1 provides broadband antenna coverage in a single compact package that is easily portable. The antenna has outstanding RF characteristics in both the frequency and time domains. In the time domain, it has an impulse response with FWHM of 70 ps and mid band effective height of 30 cm. In the frequency domain, the peak gain at 4 GHz is 23 dB, and the antenna is usable from 50 MHz to 8 GHz. The reflector for the FRI-CIRA-1 is 1.22m (4 feet) in diameter with a focal length of 0.488 m (F/D=0.4). The umbrella-like frame covered with conductive mesh fabric provides a very practical, lightweight, and easy-to-use antenna. The collapsed antenna measures 102 mm (4 in) diameter x 810 mm (32 in) long. The antenna weighs 2 kg (4.5 lb.). The antenna can be easily transported and set up by one person and can be attached to a variety of military and COTS transmitters and receivers. The FRI-CIRA-1 is now commercially available from Farr Research, Inc.
Effective index drift from molecular hydrogen diffusionin hydrogen-loadedoptical fibres and its effect on Bragg grating fabrication (1994)

When hydrogen loading is used to enhance the photosensitivity of silica-based optical waveguides and fibres, the presence of molecular hydrogen dissolved in the glass matrix changes the effective index of propagation of guided optical modes by as much as 0.05%. Real-time monitoring of the reflectivity spectrum of Bragg gratings written in such conditions shows that the centre wavelength follows the changes in hydrogen concentration due to diffusion and reaction with glass defects.
Good Glycemic Control With Flexibility in Timing of Basal Insulin Supply (2005)

The early initiation of insulin therapy to achieve good metabolic control is being increasingly considered in type 2 diabetes (1), but barriers, including fear of hypoglycemia, need to be overcome to achieve target glycemic control (2).

Insulin glargine (glargine; Lantus) is a once-daily, basal human insulin analog. The 24-h duration and flat time-action profile of glargine (3) should give flexibility to patients in terms of the injection time despite targeting fasting blood glucose (FBG) close to normal: administration should be possible at any time of day provided it is at the same time each day. Previously, we have demonstrated similar levels of nocturnal hypoglycemia but better glycemic control with morning versus bedtime glargine plus three milligrams glimepiride (4).

The study objective was to compare the frequency of nocturnal hypoglycemia following morning …
Interferon-Stimulated Genes as Enhancers of Antiviral Innate Immune Signaling (2017)

The ability of a host to curb a viral infection is heavily reliant on the effectiveness of an initial antiviral innate immune response, resulting in the upregulation of interferon (IFN) and, subsequently, IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs serve to mount an antiviral state within a host cell, and although the specific antiviral function of a number of ISGs has been characterized, the function of many of these ISGs remains to be determined. Recent research has uncovered a novel role for a handful of ISGs, some of them directly induced by IFN regulatory factor 3 in the absence of IFN itself. These ISGs, most with potent antiviral activity, are also able to augment varying arms of the innate immune response to viral infection, thereby strengthening this response. This new understanding of the role of ISGs may, in turn, help the recent advancement of novel therapeutics aiming to augment innate signaling pathways in an attempt to control viral infection and pathogenesis.
CREB and Its Associated Proteins Act as Survival Factors for Human Melanoma Cells (1998)

cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF-1), members of the CREB/ATF family, have been implicated in cAMP- and calcium-induced transcriptional activation. We have previously demonstrated that quenching of CREB-associated proteins in metastatic melanoma cells by a dominant-negative CREB (KCREB) that is mutated within its DNA-binding domain decreased their radiation resistance, and their tumorigenic and metastatic potential in nude mice. As the induction of apoptosis by diverse exogenous signals is dependent on the elevation of intracellular Ca2+, the purpose of this study was to determine the role of CREB and its associated proteins in apoptosis using KCREB. We used thapsigargin (Tg), which inhibits endoplasmic reticulum-dependent Ca2+-ATPase and thereby increases cytosolic Ca2+, to induce apoptosis. MeWo human melanoma cells were transfected with the KCREB expression vector and subsequently analyzed for their susceptibility to Tg-induced apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that expression of KCREB in MeWo cells rendered them susceptible to Tg-induced apoptosis. Tg treatment induced phosphorylation of CREB and possibly ATF-1 transcription factors. Treatment with Tg induced CRE-dependent transcription in parental cells, whereas this activation was reduced in the KCREB-transfected cells. In addition, CAT activity driven by the CRE-dependent promoter was inhibited in parental MeWo cells cotransfected with increasing concentrations of KCREB in a dose-dependent manner. We did not observe any changes in Bcl-2 or Bcl-2-related proteins (Bcl-x, Bax, and Bad) in control or KCREB-transfected cells before or after treatment with Tg. Collectively, these data indicate that CREB and its associated proteins act as survival factors for human melanoma cells, and hence contribute to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype.
Differential Regulation of Sentrinized Proteins by a Novel Sentrin-specific Protease (2000)

Sentrin-1, also called SUMO-1, is a protein of 101 residues that is distantly related to ubiquitin and another ubiquitin-like protein, NEDD8. Here we report the cloning of a novel sentrin-specific protease, SENP1, which has no homology to the known de-ubiquitinating enzymes or ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases. However, SENP1 is distantly related to the yeast Smt3-specific protease, Ulp1. A COS cell expression system was used to demonstrate the activity of SENP1 in vivo. When HA-tagged sentrin-1 was co-expressed with SENP1, the higher molecular weight sentrin-1 conjugates were completely removed. Surprisingly, the major sentrinized band at 90 kDa remained intact. The disappearance of the high molecular weight sentrin-1 conjugates also coincided with an increase in free sentrin-1 monomers. SENP1 is also active against proteins modified by sentrin-2, but not those modified by ubiquitin or NEDD8. In addition, sentrinized PML, a tumor suppressor protein that resides in the nucleus, was selectively affected by SENP1, whereas sentrinized RanGAP1, which is associated with the cytoplasmic fibrils of the nuclear pore complex, remained intact. The inability of SENP1 to process sentrinized RanGAP1 in vivo is most likely due to its nuclear localization because SENP1 is active against sentrinized RanGAP1 in vitro. The identification of a nuclear-localized, sentrin-specific protease will provide a unique tool to study the role of sentrinization in the biological function of PML and in the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Gene editing as applied to prevention of reproductive porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (2017)

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) causes severe reproductive failure in sows as well as transplacental transfer of PRRS virus (PRRSV) to late-gestation fetuses, resulting in abortions, early farrowing, increased number of stillborn piglets, and weak neonatal piglets. PRRSV-infected boars present with anorexia and lethargy, and have decreased sperm quality. The gene for the cellular receptor that the PRRSV uses, Cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163), was edited using Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene-editing technology to create biallelic DNA edits to the CD163 gene in 100% of the offspring. CD163-null pigs challenged with virus were completely resistant to both Type 1 and Type 2 PRRSV isolates, as measured by clinical signs, viremia, antibody response, and lung histopathology. In vitro studies showed that CD163-null alveolar macrophages were also not permissive to infection by a panel of six Type 1 and nine Type 2 viral isolates. Thus, DNA editing of the CD163 gene prevented PRRSV infection and reproductive losses associated with infection.
Designing New Baeyer−Villiger Monooxygenases Using Restricted CASTing (2006)

This paper outlines the design and execution of the first mini-evolution of cyclopentanone monooxygenase (CPMO). The methodology described is a relatively inexpensive and rapid way to obtain mutant enzymes with the desired characteristics. Several successful mutants with enhanced enantioselectivities were identified. For example, mutant-catalyzed oxidation of 4-methoxycyclohexanone gave the corresponding lactone with 92% entantiometric excess (ee) compared to the 46% ee achieved with wild-type cyclohexanone monoxygenase (WT-CHMO). The original design of the mini-evolution and the following evaluation of mutants can provide valuable insights into the active site's construction and dynamics and can suggest other catalytically profitable mutations within the putative active site.
Enzymatic activity on a chip: The critical role of protein orientation (2005)

We compare the catalytic activities of enzymes immobilized on silicon surfaces with and without orientation. While oriented sulfotransferases selectively immobilized on an otherwise zero-background surface via 6xHis tags faithfully reflect activities of solution phase enzymes, those with random orientation on the surface do not. This finding demonstrates that controlling the orientation of immobilized protein molecules and designing an ideal local chemical environment on the solid surface are both essential if protein microarrays are to be used as quantitative tools in biomedical research.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia with von Willebrand factor deficiency induced by botrocetin. An animal model. (1988)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia with severe von Willebrand factor (vWF) depletion was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of botrocetin, a Bothrops factor requiring vWF for platelet aggregation. The vWF deficiency state with thrombocytopenia was produced in 12 animals by single or multiple injections of botrocetin. Single botrocetin injection (450 units/kg) reduced plasma vWF activity to less than 0.01 mu/ml for 24 hours and less than 0.2 units/ml up to 72 hours. During this period, multimeric analysis of plasma vWF:Ag revealed loss of intermediate and high molecular weight forms. A moderate reduction in vWF:Ag (Laurell) and FVIII:C was observed. Bleeding time remained prolonged during the deficiency state. Recovery of plasma vWF and platelet count occurred in 4 to 5 days. Multiple botrocetin injections (450 units/kg/injection) at 48-hour intervals produced a sustained severe vWF depletion (less than 0.2 units/ml) for 1 week. On the 8th day, vWF and platelet count had recovered to preinjection levels. Recovery was associated with the appearance of increased levels of very high molecular weight multimers of vWF:Ag in the plasma. After each botrocetin administration (single or repeat), a transient thrombocytopenia developed which was most severe at 1 to 5 hours postinjection. Another group of 10 animals was given a single botrocetin injection and specimens of lung, liver, kidney, and spleen were obtained at varying time intervals postinjection. Transmission electron micrographs of the lung and spleen 2 hours after botrocetin administration showed platelet aggregates and platelet microthrombi in the lung and spleen. The platelet thrombi in the lung had disappeared within 24 hours, and in the spleen by 48 hours. Liver sinusoids and kidney glomeruli were free of thrombi. A comparison is made of the thrombocytopenia and the ultrastructure of the platelet microthrombi induced by botrocetin with that of other agents.
SNX9 promotes metastasis by enhancing cancer cell invasion via differential regulation of RhoGTPases (2016)

Despite current advances in cancer research, metastasis remains the leading factor in cancer-related deaths. Here, we identify sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) as a new regulator of breast cancer metastasis. We detected an increase in SNX9 expression in human breast cancer metastases compared with primary tumors and demonstrated that SNX9 expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells is necessary to maintain their ability to metastasize in a chick embryo model. Reciprocally, SNX9 knockdown impairs the process. In vitro studies using several cancer cell lines derived from a variety of human tumors revealed a role for SNX9 in cell invasion and identified mechanisms responsible for this novel function. We showed that SNX9 controls the activation of RhoA and Cdc42 GTPases and also regulates cell motility via the modulation of well-known molecules involved in metastasis, namely RhoA-ROCK and N-WASP. In addition, we have discovered that SNX9 is required for RhoGTPase-dependent, clathrin-independent endocytosis, and in this capacity, can functionally substitute to the bona fide Rho GAP, GRAF1 (GTPase Regulator Associated with Focal Adhesion Kinase). Together, our data establish novel roles for SNX9 as a multifunctional protein scaffold that regulates, and potentially coordinates, several cellular processes that together can enhance cancer cell metastasis.
Involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 in maintenance of integrity of endothelial cell lining during tumor angiogenesis (2000)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in tumor angiogenesis. VEGF-C, however, is thought to stimulate the growth of lymphatic vessels because an expression of its specific receptor, VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), was demonstrated to be restricted to lymphatic vessels. Here we demonstrate that the inactivation of VEGFR-3 by a novel blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) suppresses tumor growth by inhibiting the neo-angiogenesis of tumor-bearing tissues. Although VEGFR-3 is not expressed in adult blood vessels, it is induced in vascular endothelial cells of the tumor-bearing tissues. Hence, VEGFR-3 is another receptor tyrosine kinase involved in tumor-induced angiogenesis. Micro-hemorrhage in the tumor-bearing tissue was the most conspicuous histologic finding specific to AFL4 mAb-treated mice. Scanning microscopy demonstrated disruptions of the endothelial lining of the postcapillary venule, probably the cause of micro-hemorrhage and the subsequent collapse of the proximal vessels. These findings suggest the involvement of VEGFR-3 in maintaining the integrity of the endothelial lining during angiogenesis. Moreover, our results suggest that the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 pathway may serve another candidate target for cancer therapy. (Blood. 2000;96:546-553)
Improved design of a silicon micromachined gyroscope with piezoresistive detection and electromagnetic excitation (1999)

In this paper, an improved design of a silicon micromachined gyroscope (angular rate sensor) is presented. It is based on the tuning fork principle and realized by combining two proof masses. The gyroscope is driven by electromagnetic forces and detects the Coriolis force by means of four piezoresistors connected in a Wheatstone bridge. The main fabrication steps including advanced deep reactive ion etching (ADRIE) and a wafer scale packaging are reported. The major novelty consists in a new design to reduce output drift. Both a higher symmetric mechanical structure and a separation of the first and the second mechanical resonant frequencies have been successfully investigated. This allows both driving and sensing of the device at its first resonant frequency while not exciting the second one. Thus, better uncoupling between the sensor modes has been obtained. As main results, a bandwidth of 10 Hz has been achieved and long-term measurements have been performed which were not possible with the previous design due to the low stability of the zero rate signal. For the current design, the dynamic behavior, the temperature dependence, rotation measurement, and the sensor stability have been characterized.