gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Archaeal Homolog of Bacterial Type IV Prepilin Signal Peptidases with Broad Substrate Specificity (2003)

A large number of secretory proteins in the thermoacidophile Sulfolobus solfataricus are synthesized as a precursor with an unusual leader peptide that resembles bacterial type IV prepilin signal sequences. This set of proteins includes the flagellin subunit but also various solute binding proteins. Here we describe the identification of the S. solfataricus homolog of bacterial type IV prepilin peptidases, termed PibD. PibD is an integral membrane protein that is phylogenetically related to the bacterial enzymes. When heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, PibD is capable of processing both the flagellin and glucose-binding protein (GlcS) precursors. Site-directed mutagenesis of the GlcS signal peptide shows that the substrate specificity of PibD is consistent with the variations found in proteins with type IV prepilin-like signal sequences of S. solfataricus. We conclude that PibD is responsible for the processing of these secretory proteins in S. solfataricus.
Anti-invasive activity of synthetic serine protease inhibitors and its combined effect with a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. (1999)

Tumor invasion into the extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement membrane (BM) is a crucial step of tumor metastasis. In order to investigate the possible therapeutic procedure for the tumor invasion, we investigated the anti-invasive activities of several synthetic serine protease inhibitors. FOY-305, a serine protease inhibitor, showed no cytotoxic activity against human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml, while its analogs ONO-3403 and FO-349 showed slight cytotoxic activities at the concentration of 100 micrograms/ml. These compounds inhibited the activity of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) which is one of serine proteases and considered to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis in fibrin zymography. FOY-305 more potently inhibited the invasion of HT-1080 cells into the reconstituted BM Matrigel, as well inhibited u-PA activity, compared with ONO-3403 and FO-349. These results suggest that the anti-invasive activity of these compounds is consistent with their anti-fibrinolytic activities. In addition, the combined treatment of FOY-305 with FC-336 processing anti-invasive and anti-MMP properties resulted in marked enhancement of anti-invasive activity. In conclusion, FOY-305 inhibited the invasion of tumor cells through interference with the u-PA activity of tumor cells, and this inhibitory activity was augmented by the combination with a MMP inhibitor.
Effect of testosterone replacement or duration of castration on baroreflex bradycardia in conscious rats. (2005)

The data suggest: 1) 17beta-Estradiol does not contribute to testosterone restoration of the baroreflex-mediated bradycardia in short-term castrated rats. 2) The long-term modulation of baroreflex-mediated bradycardia occurs independent of androgens, or the baroreflex mechanism may become adapted to low levels of circulating androgens.
Precomputed acoustic transfer (2006)

Simulating sounds produced by realistic vibrating objects is challenging because sound radiation involves complex diffraction and interreflection effects that are very perceptible and important. These wave phenomena are well understood, but have been largely ignored in computer graphics due to the high cost and complexity of computing them at audio rates.We describe a new algorithm for real-time synthesis of realistic sound radiation from rigid objects. We start by precomputing the linear vibration modes of an object, and then relate each mode to its sound pressure field, or acoustic transfer function, using standard methods from numerical acoustics. Each transfer function is then approximated to a specified accuracy using low-order multi-pole sources placed near the object. We provide a low-memory, multilevel, randomized algorithm for optimized source placement that is suitable for complex geometries. At runtime, we can simulate new interaction sounds by quickly summing contributions from each mode's equivalent multipole sources. We can efficiently simulate global effects such as interreflection and changes in sound due to listener location. The simulation costs can be dynamically traded-off for sound quality. We present several examples of sound generation from physically based animations.
Arcing fault detection for distribution feeders: security assessment in long term field trials (1995)

A downed conductor, arcing fault detection system has been designed using multiple protection algorithms. An intelligent analysis system processes the outputs from several algorithms to determine the "confidence" that a fault exists. The design includes careful attention to discriminating arcing faults from normal system activity to ensure system security. Key to the acceptance of this system is testing under actual field conditions. The results of long term tests on five utilities are presented. The behavior of the prototype systems to staged faults, naturally occurring faults, and normal system disturbances is described. Conclusions are drawn concerning the practical viability of this system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification by Mutagenesis of Conserved Arginine and Glutamate Residues in the C-terminal Domain of Rat Liver Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I That Are Important for Catalytic Activity and Malonyl-CoA Sensitivity (2003)

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPTI) catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines in the presence of l-carnitine. To determine the role of the conserved glutamate residue, Glu-603, on catalysis and malonyl-CoA sensitivity, we separately changed the residue to alanine, histidine, glutamine, and aspartate. Substitution of Glu-603 with alanine or histidine resulted in complete loss of L-CPTI activity. A change of Glu-603 to glutamine caused a significant decrease in catalytic activity and malonyl-CoA sensitivity. Substitution of Glu-603 with aspartate, a negatively charged amino acid with only one methyl group less than the glutamate residue in the wild type enzyme, resulted in partial loss in CPTI activity and a 15-fold decrease in malonyl-CoA sensitivity. The mutant L-CPTI with a replacement of the conserved Arg-601 or Arg-606 with alanine also showed over 40-fold decrease in malonyl-CoA sensitivity, suggesting that these two conserved residues may be important for substrate and inhibitor binding. Since a conservative substitution of Glu-603 to aspartate or glutamine resulted in partial loss of activity and malonyl-CoA sensitivity, it further suggests that the negative charge and the longer side chain of glutamate are essential for catalysis and malonyl-CoA sensitivity. We predict that this region of L-CPTI spanning these conserved C-terminal residues may be the region of the protein involved in binding the CoA moiety of palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA and/or the putative low affinity acyl-CoA/malonyl-CoA binding site.
Design and NMR Characterization of Active Analogues of Compstatin Containing Non-Natural Amino Acids (2004)

We present new findings in our drug discovery effort to develop an anticomplement therapeutic. We have designed several active analogues of compstatin by altering its amino acid composition at positions 4 and 9. The most effective analogues have tryptophan or fused-ring non-natural amino acids at position 4 and alanine or an unbranched single-methyl amino acid at position 9. Twenty-one of these analogues have 2-99-fold higher activities compared to the parent peptide compstatin. The analogue Ac-V4(2Nal)/H9A-NH(2) has the highest inhibitory activity with IC(50) 500 nM. NMR data, through NOE and chemical shift analysis, suggest the presence of interconverting conformers spanning the extended and helical regions of the Ramachandran plot, and they detect a predominant averaged conformer with coil structure and at least one flexible beta-turn, of type I. The fused-ring non-natural amino acids at position 4 contribute to the formation of the hydrophobic cluster of compstatin, which has been previously proposed, together with the beta-turn and a disulfide bridge, to be essential for binding to the target of compstatin, complement component C3. We propose that additional mechanisms may contribute to the structural stability of the analogues and to binding to C3, involving intra- and intermolecular electrostatic interactions of the pi-electron system of side chain aromatic rings. The presence of pi-pi interactions for Trp4-Trp7 was confirmed with a molecular dynamics simulation for the most active analogue with natural amino acids, Ac-V4W/H9A-NH(2). Alanine or aminobutyric acid at position 9 contribute to the weak propensity for helical structure of the residue segment 4-10 of the analogues, which may also play a role in increased activity.
Advances in the treatment for haematological malignancies (2006)

Despite the progress made in the last decade in the treatment of haematological malignancies, most of the patients still have a dismal prognosis. However, the improved knowledge of tumour biology opened the possibility to develop new 'intelligent' therapeutic strategies, the so-named targeted therapies. These approaches aim to selectively kill cancer cells by basing this selectivity on both the expression of a specific molecule on their surface or the activation of particular molecular pathways secondary to malignant transformation. In this article, the authors review the main targeted therapies available in haematology, such as monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase, farnesyltransferase, as well as proteasome inhibitors, antiangiogenesis compounds and antisense oligonuceotides. Finally, the authors focus on the application of imatinib mesylate in chronic myeloid leukaemia as the paradigm of molecular treatment. Although these novel therapies are beginning to fulfil their promise, continued research efforts are needed to determine the optimal role of these strategies in haemato-oncology.
Scanning Force Microscopies Can Image Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScanning Force Microscopies Can Image Patterned Self-Assembled MonolayersJames L. Wilbur, Hans A. Biebuyck, John C. MacDonald, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 3, 825–831Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00003a025https://doi.org/10.1021/la00003a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views683Altmetric-Citations195LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GEOMETRIC PROBABILITY IN THE MINKOWSKI PLANE (2003)

In this paper, we get the measure of strips and lines in the Minkowski plane <TEX>$M^2$</TEX> that meet a fixed compact convex body in <TEX>$M^2$</TEX>. From this we also investigate the probability that strips and lines meet a fixed compact convex body in <TEX>$M^2$</TEX>.
Tyrosinase: a developmentally specific major determinant of peripheral dopamine (2003)

L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, the immediate precursor of dopamine, can be formed by two enzymes: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in catecholamine-producing neurons and chromaffin cells and tyrosinase in melanocytes. In this study we examined whether tyrosinase contributes to production of dopamine. Deficiency of TH caused marked reductions in norepinephrine in albino and pigmented 15-day-old mice. In contrast, peripheral levels of dopamine were reduced only in albino TH-deficient mice and were higher in pigmented than in albino mice, regardless of the presence or absence of TH. We next examined age-related changes in dopamine and cutaneous expression of tyrosinase and melanin in albino and pigmented TH wild-type mice. We found that the differences in peripheral dopamine between pigmented and albino mice disappeared with advancing age following changes in expression and function of tyrosinase. In young animals, tyrosinase was present in epidermis but did not produce detectable melanin. With advancing age, tyrosinase was localized only around hair follicles, melanin synthesis became more pronounced, and dopamine synthesis decreased. The data reveal a previously unrecognized TH-independent major pathway of peripheral dopamine synthesis in young, but not adult, mice. The transient nature of this source of dopamine reflects a developmental switch in tyrosinase-dependent production of dopamine to production of melanin.
Using defined daily doses to study the use of antibacterials in UK hospitals (2006)

Objective - To explore the feasibility of using defined daily doses (DDDs) to measure antibacterial consumption in a UK hospital and identify the methodological issues encountered. DESIGN - Descriptive study. Subjects And Setting - A London teaching trust, with four hospital sites and 1, 000 beds. Outcome Measures - Total DDDs per 100 occupied bed days (OBD) for financial years 2002-03, 2003-04 and 2004-05;proportion of DDDs given intravenously and orally;usage by antibacterial class;comparison with UK and international data. Results - Antibacterial consumption ranged from 85. 5 to 91. 5 DDDs per 100 OBD across the three years studied. The proportion of oral DDDs increased over the three-year period. The antibacterial groups with the highest consumption were penicillins and cephalosporins. A range of methodological issues were encountered, such as how to address medicines dispensed for discharge as part of a one-stop dispensing scheme, and other practical issues. Usage was in line with other UK sites, but higher than elsewhere in Europe. Conclusion - It is possible to obtain data on DDDs in the UK hospital setting, although a variety of methodological issues may need to be addressed. A standardised UK approach is needed, so that data obtained from different sites can be compared in a meaningful manner.
A Haptic Glove as a Tactile-Vision Sensory Substitution for Wayfinding (2003)

A prototype of a device that relays navigational information to a person who is visually impaired using a portable tactile glove and a wearable computer and camera system was demonstrated and tested. The results of preliminary tests using the glove as a navigational device show that the paths traversed by subjects negotiating an obstacle course using the glove were not qualitatively different from the paths produced with existing wayfinding devices and that hitting probabilities, the measure of the likelihood of hitting an obstacle, are minimized from goal-directed random walks.
Periurethral injection of autologous adipose‐derived regenerative cells for the treatment of male stress urinary incontinence: Report of three initial cases (2012)

These preliminary findings suggest that periurethral injection of the autologous adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells is a safe and feasible treatment modality for male stress urinary incontinence.
FPGA Design and Implementation of MIMO-OFDM SDM Systems for High Speed Wireless Communications Networks (2013)

A combination of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Spatial Division Multiplexing technology and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing technique, namely MIMO-OFDM SDM systems, has been well-known as a potential technology to provide high speed data transmission and spectrum e fficiency for modern wireless communications networks. Many technical papers have been evaluated the systems ba sed on theory analyses and/or computer simulation, but just few ones have investigated the systems based on FPGA design, which is an important step before going to manufac ture the integrated circuits. In the paper, we present our own design a nd implementation of three different MIMO-OFDM SDM systems on FPGA-based DSP Development Kit. Based on the design, we evaluate the bit-error rate performance of the systems and also consider the consumption of the FPGA elements in our design. The results have shown our successful des ign and implementation of the systems on FPGA hardware. CONCLUSIONS MIMO-OFDM SDM technology has been considered a candidate for high speed wireless data transmission net works because of its significant increase of channel capa city and use of spectrum efficiently. In the paper, we have investigated the systems based on hardware design and implementation. We have shown our detailed design of three differ ent systems on the FPGA-based DSP Development Kit. Based on the design, we have measured and evaluated BER performance of the systems. The results have shown that our design and implementation are successful. Here, we also considered the consumption of FPGA elements. It has shown the efficiency of our d esign.
CBS New York Video Tape Facilities (1959)

In the spring of 1958, the CBS Television Network inaugurated a full schedule of video tape recording activity from a newly completed installation in the Grand Central Terminal Building in New York City. During the ensuing daylight-saving period, these facilities provided service to 98 stations of the CBS Television Network. Combined with the service from the installation already in existence in Hollywood, over 50% of the audience covered by the network received their programming from video tape. Representing a capital investment of over $1,000,000, the New York installation presently is the largest single video tape installation in the world. This paper relates the background which led to the need for these facilities, and describes the technical and operational features of the installation.
Interleukin 12 induces the differentiation of major histocompatibility complex class I-primed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors into allospecific cytotoxic effectors. (1994)

The production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) following allogeneic stimulation and its involvement in the differentiation of allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have been investigated. Supernatants of mixed lymphocyte cultures had detectable levels of IL-12 p40 which were completely abrogated after depletion of responder cells from monocytes. While addition to the culture of anti-IL-12 neutralizing antibodies partially inhibited the allogeneic proliferative response and the subsequent CTL activity, addition of IL-12 stimulated both responses, suggesting that endogenously produced IL-12 plays a role in the development of alloreactivity. Furthermore, using primary mixed cultures of lymphocytes from major histocompatibility complex-recombinant siblings identical for class II antigens and displaying class I disparity, we demonstrated that addition of recombinant IL-12 at the sensitizing phase of the primary mixed lymphocyte culture induced CTL activity. Under these stimulation conditions, addition of recombinant IL-12 also triggered cell proliferation, indicating that IL-12 provides both growth and differentiation signals. The mechanism underlying this process does not appear to require IL-2, since IL-12-mediated CTL generation was not abrogated by anti-IL-2 alpha-chain antibodies. IL-12 increased granzyme B and perforin mRNA accumulation in major histocompatibility complex class I-primed lymphocytes, suggesting that this cytokine activates these two genes in CTL precursors. We conclude that IL-12 can stimulate the generation of alloreactive CTLs. We suggest that IL-12 may play a role in helper cell-independent CTL generation.
Antitumor Activity of 1‐Triphenylgermyl‐4‐Propiono‐substitutedSemicarbazides, Thiosemicarbazides and Their HeterocyclicDerivatives (1996)

This article has no abstract.
MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia (2017)

Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been considered to be relatively harmless respiratory pathogens in the past. However, after the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HCoVs have received worldwide attention as important pathogens in respiratory tract infection. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics among SARS-coronaviruses (CoV), MERS-CoV and other HCoV infections.
tdic(9;12): a nonrandom chromosome abnormality in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group Study (1987)

In a review of 432 children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we identified a new nonrandom translocation, tdic(9;12)(p1?1;p1?2), in the leukemic marrow cells of eight patients. Seven had hypodiploid karyotypes that lacked chromosomes 9 and 12 and contained a der(12), tdic(9;12); the eighth had a pseudodiploid karyotype with two normal 9 chromosomes, one normal 12 and the der(12), tdic(9;12). Abnormalities involving chromosomes other than 9 and 12 were noted in four of the eight patients. All cells with the tdic(9;12) expressed both the common ALL antigen and HLA-DR. Cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, a marker of pre-B ALL, was detected in one case with the tdic(9;12) but was absent in the other seven. Our results suggest that the tdic(9;12)(p1?1;p1?2) rearrangement is specifically associated with leukemic B cell precursors.
Insect repellents - past, present and future (2001)

C. Peterson and J. Coats, Pestic. Outlook, 2001, 12, 154 DOI: 10.1039/B106296B
Modification of a pH-Titration Standardization Method for Formaldehyde (1988)

Abstract Procedures for monitoring formaldehyde concentration in air ultimately require a standard solution with which to calibrate the response of the analytical method. Although formaldehyde solutions of nominal concentration may be prepared from a variety of sources, the solutions must be standardized. The sulfite-pH/ titration method was tested and found to give erratic results. This paper presents evidence to indicate that the sulfite-pH/titration procedure requires modification. This modified procedure was used to standardize solutions of free formaldehyde. One of these standardized solutions was used to calibrate the chromotropic acid colorimetric procedure for formaldehyde. The calibrated colorimetric method accurately quantitated the concentration of a solution prepared from dry sodium formaldehyde bisulfite, previously calibrated using the direct-iodine/titration method. This correlation indicates that the modified sulfite-pH/titration standardization procedure is an accurate means of standardizing formaldehyde solutions. An independent oxidation/formate ion chromatography analysis method was devised to confirm the accuracy of the modified sulfite-pH/titration method. Gaertner, R.R.W.: Modification of a pH-Titration Standardization Method for Formaldehyde. Appl. Ind. Hyg. 3:228–230; 1988.