gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
De-novo assembly and characterization of the transcriptome of Metschnikowia fructicola reveals differences in gene expression following interaction with Penicillium digitatumand grapefruit peel (2013)

This study provides new insight into the biology of the tritrophic interactions that occur in a biocontrol system such as the use of the yeast, M. fructicola for the control of green mold on citrus caused by P. digitatum.
P‐202: A Flexible Transparent OLED Display with FlexUPTM Technology (2017)

A flexible segment transparent OLED display (T‐OLED) with FlexUP TM technology was demonstrated in this paper. Our monochromatic T‐OLED with transparent cathode structure Mg:Ag/HATCN/IZO can reach transmittance of 64.2%. Also, a flexible electrochromic (EC) shutter as a light‐blocking layer was placed behind the T‐OLED to enhance ambient contrast ratio. Total transmittance of T‐OLED/EC system is 54.2%. This T OLED/EC system can be used as information displays in curved windows like windshield even in a high brightness environment.
Microstrip Propagation on Magnetic Substrates - Part I: Design Theory (1972)

Formulas and graphs are presented for the effective relative permeability and the filling factors of magnetic substrates in microstrip. Both the propagation and the magnetic loss filling factors are included. In the calculation of these quantities, use was made of the filling factors for dielectric substrates obtained from Wheeler's analysis and a duality relationship between magnetic and dielectric substrates derived in this paper.
Photoinactivation of Propionibacterium acnes by Near-Ultraviolet Light (1984)

Photodestruction of Propionibacterium acnes was investigated by broad-band near-ultraviolet light. The inactivation of the bacteria was found to be oxygen dependent, and without O2 practically no photoinactivation occurred. D2O caused an increased inactivation (D10 = 5 kJ/m2 in D2O as compared to D10 = 11 kJ/m2 in normal water). Decreased temperature during illumination increased the ability to form colonies. The results are compared with corresponding results for other types of cells and the destruction mechanism is discussed.
Effect of Orlistat in Overweight and Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin (2002)

Orlistat is a useful adjunctive treatment for producing weight loss and improving glycemic control, serum lipid levels, and blood pressure in obese patients with type 2 diabetes who are being treated with metformin.
Population-Based Norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by Age and Educational Level (1993)

Cognitive performance as measured by the MMSE varies within the population by age and education. The cause of this variation has yet to be determined. Mini-Mental State Examination scores should be used to identify current cognitive difficulties and not to make formal diagnoses. The results presented should prove to be useful to clinicians who wish to compare an individual patient's MMSE scores with a population reference group and to researchers making plans for new studies in which cognitive status is a variable of interest.
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Detection of Cancer by Using Multifunctional Magnetic Nanocrystals (2005)

The unique properties of magnetic nanocrystals provide them with high potential as key probes and vectors in the next generation of biomedical applications. Although superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals have been extensively studied as excellent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes for various cell trafficking, gene expression, and cancer diagnosis, further development of in vivo MRI applications has been very limited. Here, we describe in vivo diagnosis of cancer, utilizing a well-defined magnetic nanocrystal probe system with multiple capabilities, such as small size, strong magnetism, high biocompatibility, and the possession of active functionality for desired receptors. Our magnetic nanocrystals are conjugated to a cancer-targeting antibody, Herceptin, and subsequent utilization of these conjugates as MRI probes has been successfully demonstrated for the monitoring of in vivo selective targeting events of human cancer cells implanted in live mice. Further conjugation of these nanocrystal probes with fluorescent dye-labeled antibodies enables both in vitro and ex vivo optical detection of cancer as well as in vivo MRI, which are potentially applicable for an advanced multimodal detection system. Our study finds that high performance in vivo MR diagnosis of cancer is achievable by utilizing improved and multifunctional material properties of iron oxide nanocrystal probes.
The influence of low dose heparin in elective surgery on blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet function, antithrombin III and antiplasmin. (1980)

Patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomized into 2 groups, one receiving low dose of heparin (LDH) and one placebo. The code was not opened until all clinical and laboratory tests had been evaluated. LDH had no significant influence on APTT, thrombin time or presence of fibrin monomers except that significantly more patients in the LDH group had prolonged APTT on postoperative day 1, thrombin times greater than 19 sec preoperatively, and fibrin monomers less frequently on postoperative day 5. No significant influence on fibrinogen-related antigens was demonstrable. LDH did not influence the platelet counts or the postoperative increasing aggregability, as illustrated by decreasing threshold concentrations of ADP and adrenalin, increasing frequency of spontaneous platelet aggregation and increase in serotonin release. In contrast the antithrombin III activity against IIa and Xa dropped sigifnicantly more postoperatively in thd LDH group apparently due to increased consumption. The antiplasmin concentration dropped significantly more peroperatively and the fibrinolytic activity increased significantly more in the LDH group immediately postoperatively. The antiplasmin concentrations were significantly in creased later in the postoperative period in both groups, significantly less in the LDH group. These changes induced by LDH favour the inhibition and lysis of thrombus formation.
Effect of pulse separation between two sequential biphasic shocks given over different lead configurations on ventricular defibrillation efficacy. (1992)

The optimal intershock interval between two sequential biphasic shocks is either less than or equal to 10 msec or greater than or equal to 75 and less than or equal to 125 msec. The marked rise in the DFT at a shock separation of 50 msec, requiring more energy than that for the first shock alone, suggests that the second shock at this time delay is likely to reinduce fibrillation after it is halted by the first shock until the second shock is strong enough to defibrillate independently of the first shock.
Correcting Scale Drift by Object Recognition in Single-Camera SLAM (2012)

This paper proposes a novel solution to the problem of scale drift in single-camera simultaneous localization and mapping, based on recognizing and measuring objects. When reconstructing the trajectory of a camera moving in an unknown environment, the scale of the environment, and equivalently the speed of the camera, is obtained by accumulating relative scale estimates over sequences of frames. This leads to scale drift: errors in scale accumulate over time. The proposed solution is to learn the classes of objects that appear throughout the environment and to use measurements of the size of these objects to improve the scale estimate. A bag-of-words-based scheme to learn object classes, to recognize object instances, and to use these observations to correct scale drift is described and is demonstrated reducing accumulated errors by 64% while navigating for 2.5 km through a dynamic outdoor environment.
Fetal Sex and RHD Genotyping with Digital PCR Demonstrates Greater Sensitivity than Real-time PCR (2015)

qPCR was not found to be an effective tool for RHD genotyping in suboptimal samples (<2% cffDNA). However, when testing the same suboptimal samples on the same day by dPCR, 100% sensitivity was achieved for both fetal sex determination and RHD genotyping. Use of dPCR for identification of fetal specific markers can reduce the occurrence of false-negative and inconclusive results, particularly when samples express high levels of background maternal cell-free DNA.
IFN-γ from lymphocytes induces PD-L1 expression and promotes progression of ovarian cancer (2015)

Interferon-γ secreted by CD8-positive lymphocytes upregulates PD-L1 on ovarian cancer cells and promotes tumour growth. The lymphocyte infiltration and the IFN-γ status may be the key to effective anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy in ovarian cancer.
Statins Upregulate PCSK9 , the Gene Encoding the Proprotein Convertase Neural Apoptosis-Regulated Convertase-1 Implicated in Familial Hypercholesterolemia (2004)

PCSK9 regulation is typical of that of the genes implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. In vivo, PCSK9 is probably a target of SRE-binding protein (SREBP)-2.
Distinct Functions Are Implicated for the GATA-4, -5, and -6 Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Intestine Epithelial Cell Differentiation (1998)

Based on conserved expression patterns, three members of the GATA family of transcriptional regulatory proteins, GATA-4, -5, and -6, are thought to be involved in the regulation of cardiogenesis and gut development. Functions for these factors are known in the heart, but relatively little is understood regarding their possible roles in the regulation of gut-specific gene expression. In this study, we analyze the expression and function of GATA-4, -5, and -6 using three separate but complementary vertebrate systems, and the results support a function for these proteins in regulating the terminal-differentiation program of intestinal epithelial cells. We show that xGATA-4, -5, and -6 can stimulate directly activity of the promoter for the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (xIFABP) gene, which is a marker for differentiated enterocytes. This is the first direct demonstration of a target for GATA factors in the vertebrate intestinal epithelium. Transactivation by xGATA-4, -5, and -6 is mediated at least in part by a defined proximal IFABP promoter element. The expression patterns for cGATA-4, -5, and -6 are markedly distinct along the proximal-distal villus axis. Transcript levels for cGATA-4 increase along the axis toward the villus tip; likewise, cGATA-5 transcripts are largely restricted to the distal tip containing differentiated cells. In contrast, the pattern of cGATA-6 transcripts is complementary to cGATA-5, with highest levels detected in the region of proliferating progenitor cells. Undifferentiated and proliferating human HT-29 cells express hGATA-6 but not hGATA-4 or hGATA-5. Upon stimulation to differentiate, the transcript levels for hGATA-5 increase, and this occurs prior to increased transcription of the terminal differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase. At the same time, hGATA-6 steady-state transcript levels decline appreciably. All of the data are consistent with evolutionarily conserved but distinct roles for these factors in regulating the differentiation program of intestinal epithelium. Based on this data, we suggest that GATA-6 might function primarily within the proliferating progenitor population, while GATA-4 and GATA-5 function during differentiation to activate terminal-differentiation genes including IFABP.
Emerging therapies for hepatitis C virus infection (2001)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has infected millions of people worldwide and has emerged as a global health crisis. The currently available therapy is interferon (IFN) either alone or in combination with ribavirin. However, the disappointing efficacy of IFN has led to the considerable need for improved treatments and a number of new therapies are under evaluation in clinical trials. These include pegylated IFNs, which have altered physiochemical characteristics allowing once-weekly dosing. Combination of pegylated IFN with ribavirin should further improve sustained response rates. However, not all patients are successfully treated with IFNs, particularly those infected with genotype 1 of the virus, and it is likely that potent, specific drugs will be required. The majority of new approaches currently trying to combat this viral disease are aimed at inhibition of viral targets. Most effort has been directed towards inhibition of the NS3 serine protease, and potent inhibitors have now been described. However, a clinical candidate is yet to emerge against this difficult target. Considerable work by leading researchers has provided crystal structures of the key replicative enzymes, NS3 protease, NS3 helicase, NS5B polymerase and full-length NS3 protease-helicase, and there is much hope that such structural information will bear fruit. More recently, inhibition of host targets, particularly inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), has become of interest and there are on-going clinical trials with such inhibitors. Research aimed at novel treatments for HCV disease is gathering pace and very recent developments in cell-based assay systems can only hasten the discovery of improved therapies.
Evidence for the presence of CFU-E with increased in vitro sensitivity to erythropoietin in sickle cell anemia (1984)

To investigate the cellular events that accompany erythroid hyperplasia, we studied several effects of erythropoietin (Epo) on marrow CFU-E in sickle cell anemia (SCA). We measured CFU-E number, CFU- E growth as a function both of Epo exposure time and of Epo concentration, and suppression of Epo-induced CFU-E formation by anti- Epo antiserum. With 0.5 U Epo/ml, the number of CFU-E was elevated in SCA (1,087 +/- 520) compared to normal (430 +/- 130). CFU-E were formed even when Epo was immediately neutralized by a 1/150 dilution of anti- Epo. After 40 hr of Epo exposure, only 2% of total CFU-E were expressed in normal marrow, whereas 12%-40% of CFU-E were expressed in SCA. Inhibition of CFU-E growth required at least 1/50 dilution of anti-Epo in SCA and a 1/300 dilution in normal marrow. In contrast to normal, a small number (5%-20%) of CFU-E were expressed in the absence of added Epo in SCA, and this pool required a 1/150 dilution of anti-Epo for inhibition. The Epo dose-response curve in SCA revealed a peak in colony formation around 0.1 U Epo/ml and 0.5 U Epo/ml, whereas only one peak at 0.5 U Epo/ml was seen in normals. These data strongly suggest that, in response to the demands of chronic erythroid hyperplasia in SCA, a pool of CFU-E is present characterized by increased in vitro sensitivity to Epo.
Transcriptional Regulation of Estrogen Receptor-α by p53 in Human Breast Cancer Cells (2009)

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and p53 are critical prognostic indicators in breast cancer. Loss of functional p53 is correlated with poor prognosis, ER negativity, and resistance to antiestrogen treatment. Previously, we found that p53 genotype was correlated with ER expression and response to tamoxifen in mammary tumors arising in mouse mammary tumor virus-Wnt-1 transgenic mice. These results lead us to hypothesize that p53 may regulate ER expression. To test this, MCF-7 cells were treated with doxorubicin or ionizing radiation, both of which stimulated a 5-fold increase in p53 expression. ER expression was also increased 4-fold over a 24-h time frame. In cells treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting p53, expression of both p53 and ER was significantly reduced (>60%) by 24 h. Induction of ER by DNA-damaging agents was p53 dependent as either ionizing radiation or doxorubicin failed to up-regulate ER after treatment with p53-targeting siRNA. To further investigate whether p53 directly regulates transcription of the ER gene promoter, MCF-7 cells were transiently transfected with a wild-type (WT) p53 expression vector along with a luciferase reporter containing the proximal promoter of ER. In cells transfected with WT p53, transcription from the ER promoter was increased 8-fold. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that p53 was recruited to the ER promoter along with CARM1, CBP, c-Jun, and Sp1 and that this multifactor complex was formed in a p53-dependent manner. These data show that p53 regulates ER expression through transcriptional control of the ER promoter, accounting for their concordant expression in human breast cancer.
Molecular Recognition of Amino Acids by RNA-Aptamers: An L-Citrulline Binding RNA Motif and Its Evolution into an L-Arginine Binder (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Recognition of Amino Acids by RNA-Aptamers: An L-Citrulline Binding RNA Motif and Its Evolution into an L-Arginine BinderMichael FamulokCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5, 1698–1706Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00084a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00084a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1576Altmetric-Citations233LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nonprofit Board Governance: In the Classroom and on the Board (2013)

There are a range of experiences and emotions professionals' experience with patients who die by euthanasia, assisted suicide, or hasten death without assistance. The included literature suggests improved communication among professionals is needed but does not explicitly identify when a hastened death is deemed a suicide in areas where assisted dying is practiced. More research is needed to help clarify what hastened death means in a palliative care context and identify how and if assisted dying impacts issues of suicide in palliative care settings.
Persistent Improvement of Type 2 Diabetes in the Goto-Kakizaki Rat Model by Expansion of the β-Cell Mass During the Prediabetic Period With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 or Exendin-4 (2002)

In the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, a genetic model of type 2 diabetes, the neonatal beta-cell mass deficit is considered to be the primary defect leading to basal hyperglycemia, which is detectable for the first time 3 weeks after birth. We investigated in GK females the short- and the long-term effects of a treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) or its long-acting analog exendin-4 (Ex-4) during the first postnatal week (during the prediabetic period). GK rats were treated with daily injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 (400 microg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) or Ex-4 (3 microg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) from day 2 to day 6 after birth and were evaluated against Wistar and untreated GK rats. Under these conditions, on day 7 both treatments enhanced pancreatic insulin content and total beta-cell mass by stimulating beta-cell neogenesis and regeneration. Follow-up of biological characteristics from day 7 to adult age (2 months) showed that such a GLP-1 or Ex-4 treatment exerted long-term favorable influences on beta-cell mass and glycemic control at adult age. As compared to untreated GK rats, 2-month-old treated rats exhibited significantly decreased basal plasma glucose. Their glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, in vivo after intravenous glucose load or in vitro using isolated perfused pancreas, was slightly improved. This contributed at least partly to improve the in vivo plasma glucose disappearance rate, which was found to be increased in both treated GK groups compared to the untreated GK group. These findings in the GK model indicated, for the first time, that GLP-1 or Ex-4 treatment limited to the prediabetic period delays the installation and limits the severity of type 2 diabetes. Under these conditions, GLP-1 represents a unique tool because of its beta-cell replenishing effect in spontaneously diabetic rodents. It may prove to be an invaluable agent for the prevention of human type 2 diabetes.
Electrochemical oxygen reduction on nitrogen doped graphene sheets in acid media (2010)

Nitrogen doped graphene were prepared via exfoliated graphite oxide. This graphene exhibited significantly high oxygen reduction activity. High electric conductivity, high surface area, large amount of edge sites and pyridinic N site in rGS (reduced graphene sheets) contribute to the high ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) activity. The rGS showed a potential to replace expensive Pt for oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFC.
In Vivo Noninvasive Measurement of Blood Glucose by Near-Infrared Diffuse-Reflectance Spectroscopy (2003)

This paper reports in situ noninvasive blood glucose monitoring by use of near-infrared (NIR) diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy. The NIR spectra of the human forearm were measured in vivo by using a pair of source and detector optical fibers separated by a distance of 0.65 mm on the skin surface. This optical geometry enables the selective measurement of dermis tissue spectra due to the skin's optical properties and reduces the interference noise arising from the stratum corneum. Oral glucose intake experiments were performed with six subjects (including a single subject with type I diabetes) whose NIR skin spectra were measured at the forearm. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) analysis was carried out and calibration equations were obtained with each subject individually. Without exception among the six subjects, the regression coefficient vectors of their calibration models were similar to each other and had a positive peak at around 1600 nm, corresponding to the characteristic absorption peak of glucose. This result indicates that there is every possibility of glucose detection in skin tissue using our measurement system. We also found that there was a good correlation between the optically predicted values and the directly measured values of blood samples with individual subjects. The potential of noninvasive blood glucose monitoring using our methodology was demonstrated by the present study.