gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A randomized comparison of intra-arterial versus intravenous with or without intravenous 5-fluorouracil, for newly diagnosed patients with malignant glioma (1992)

This Phase III trial tested the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) for the treatment of newly resected malignant glioma, comparing intra-arterial BCNU and intravenous BCNU (200 mg/sq m every 8 weeks), each regimen without or with intravenous 5-fluorouracil (1 gm/sq m three times daily given 2 weeks after BCNU). All patients also received radiation therapy. A total of 505 patients were randomly assigned within the study. Fifty-seven patients were excluded, primarily because of neuropathology error, and the remaining 448 patients constituted the Valid Study Group. Of the total 505 patients, 190 patients could not receive intra-arterial BCNU and 315 patients were randomly assigned to receive intra-arterial (167 patients) and intravenous (148 patients) BCNU. Actuarial analysis (log-rank) demonstrated reduced survival for the intra-arterial group (p = 0.03). Serious toxicity was observed in the intra-arterial group; 16 patients (9.5%) developed irreversible encephalopathy with computerized tomography evidence of cerebral edema, and 26 patients (15.5%) developed visual loss ipsilateral to the infused carotid artery. Administration of 5-fluorouracil did not influence survival. The survival rate between the intravenous and the intra-arterial BCNU patients with glioblastoma multiforme did not differ, but was worse for intra-arterial BCNU patients with anaplastic astrocytoma than for those receiving intravenous BCNU (p = 0.002). Neuropathologically, intra-arterial BCNU produced white matter necrosis. It is concluded that intra-arterial BCNU is neither safe nor effective in prolonging survival when administered by the methods used in this study of newly diagnosed patients with malignant glioma.
Novel media for detection of microbial producers of cellulase and xylanase (1985)

Agar nutrient media containing 0.2% soluble hydroxyethylcellulose covalently dyed with Ostazin Brilliant Red H-3B or soluble beechwood 4-O-methyl-d-glucurono-d-xylan dyed with Remazol Brilliant Blue R were used for sensitive detection of microorganisms producing and secreting into the surrounding medium endo-1,4-β-glucanase and/or endo-1,4-β-xylanase. Pale clearing zones formed around the colonies grown on such media indicated the production of corresponding polysaccharide-hydrolases.
Superhydrophobic polysilsesquioxane/polystyrene microspheres with controllable morphology: from raspberry-like to flower-like structure (2017)

Superhydrophobic polysilsesquioxane/polystyrene micro-spheres with raspberry- to flower-like structure were fabricated <italic>via</italic> a CTAB-assisted sol–gel approach.
Effect of Intravenous Phosphate on Serum Strontium and Calcium (1970)

Administration of phosphate intravenously to four hypercalcemic patients caused serum calcium and serum strontium to fall. Strontium was given intravenously 72 hours before phosphate infusion. The pattern of fall and the interval before the subsequent rise in serum calcium and strontium are not compatible with previously postulated effects of phosphate on bone resorption or formation. Acute administration of phosphate causes temporary deposition or sequestration of the alkaline earth metals in a form from which they are released in a relatively short time. The anatomic site of this action remains to be determined.
Studies on Lignin-Based Adhesives for Particleboard Panels (2003)

The ultimate aim of this work was to develop a phenolic resin for partially replacing phenol with modified organosolv lignin in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin production. The lignin-formaldehyde relationship was determined in a reactivity test. Organosolv lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were produced in a two-step preparation with different additions of lignin. The method selected for the manufacture of lignin resins dealt with modification of the lignin by the methylolation route. The effects of different substitution levels of organosolv lignin on strength properties were evaluated by testing lignin resin impregnated paper strips. A comparison of the tensile properties of organosolv lignin formulations, impregnated and cured onto glass fibre paper strips, was made with those of PF resin. Organosolv lignin-based resins showed comparatively good strength and stiffness. The tensile strength properties of test samples made from organosolv lignin resins were equal to or better than those of test samples made from PF resin only. The physical properties (solid content, specific gravity, viscosity and gel time) of formulated resins were also determined before use and compared to a control PF resin used to bond particleboards. The particleboards were manufactured using liquid phenolic resins. The particleboards were tested for their physical strength and dimensional stability properties. The properties of particleboards bonded with LPF resins were comparable to those of the control-bonded particleboards. The results indicated that organosolv lignin was a feasible replacement for up to 30% of the phenol in particleboard-type PF resins.
Scalable subband image coding with segmented orthogonal matching pursuit (2002)

In this paper, a novel algorithm for low bit-rate image compression is presented. In this technique, we use a new image representation algorithm called segmented orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP) (Rabiee and Kashyap, 1998) to encode the subbands of an image. Our preliminary results show that our algorithm performs better than the segmentation based matching pursuit (QTMP) (Rabiee et al. 1996) and EZW (Shapiro 1993) encoders at lower bit rates, based on subjective image quality and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).
Role of the Kv4.3 K+Channel in Ventricular Muscle (1996)

The expression of 15 different K+ channels in canine heart was examined, and a new K+ channel gene (Kv4.3), which encodes a rapidly inactivating K+ current, is described. The Kv4.3 channel was found to have biophysical and pharmacological properties similar to the native canine transient outward current (I(to)). The Kv4.3 gene is also expressed in human and rat heart. It is concluded that the Kv4.3 channel underlies the bulk of the I(to) in canine ventricular myocytes, and probably in human myocytes. Both the Kv4.3 and Kv4.2 channels are likely to contribute to the I(to) in rat heart, and differential expression of these two channels can account for observed differences in the kinetic properties of the I(to) in different regions of rat ventricle. There are significant differences in the pattern of K+ channel expression in canine heart, compared with rat heart, and these differences may be an adaptation to the different requirements for cardiac function in mammals of markedly different sizes. It is possible that the much longer ventricular action potential duration observed in canine heart compared with rat heart is due, in part, to the lower levels of Kv1.2, Kv2.1, and Kv4.2 gene expression in canine heart.
αv integrins: key regulators of tissue fibrosis (2016)

Chronic tissue injury with fibrosis results in the disruption of tissue architecture, organ dysfunction and eventual organ failure. Therefore, the development of effective anti-fibrotic therapies is urgently required. During fibrogenesis, complex interplay occurs between cellular and extracellular matrix components of the wound healing response. Integrins, a family of transmembrane cell adhesion molecules, play a key role in mediating intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. Thus, integrins provide a major node of communication between the extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts and parenchymal cells and, as such, are intimately involved in the initiation, maintenance and resolution of tissue fibrosis. Modulation of members of the αv integrin family has exhibited profound effects on fibrosis in multiple organs and disease states. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the mechanisms of αv-integrin-mediated regulation of fibrogenesis and show that the therapeutic targeting of specific αv integrins represents a promising avenue to treat patients with a broad range of fibrotic diseases.
A Lethally Irradiated Allogeneic Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor-Secreting Tumor Vaccine for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2011)

An immunotherapy approach integrated with chemoradiation is safe and demonstrates an overall survival that compares favorably with published data for resected pancreas cancer. These data suggest additional boost immunotherapies given at regular intervals beyond 1 year postsurgery should be tested in future studies, and provide the rationale for conducting a multicenter phase II study.
Phosphazene Based Additives for Improvement of Safety and Battery Lifetimes in Lithium-Ion Batteries (2012)

There needs to be significant improvements made in lithium-ion battery technology principally in the areas of safety and useful lifetimes to truly enable widespread adoption of large format batteries for the electrification of the light transportation fleet. In order to effect the transition to lithium ion technology in a timely fashion, one promising next step is through improvements to the electrolyte in the form of novel additives that simultaneously improve safety and useful lifetimes without impairing performance characteristics over wide temperature and cycle duty ranges. Recent efforts in our laboratory have been focused on the development of such additives. This paper presents the results of the study of a series of structurally similar phosphazenes that exhibit promise for use as electrolyte additives. This series, termed the SM series, employs cyclic phosphazene trimers with six pendant groups each composed of short chain linear ethers.
Homeologous Plastid DNA Transformation in Tobacco Is Mediated by Multiple Recombination Events (1999)

Efficient plastid transformation has been achieved in Nicotiana tabacum using cloned plastid DNA of Solanum nigrum carrying mutations conferring spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance. The use of the incompletely homologous (homeologous) Solanum plastid DNA as donor resulted in a Nicotiana plastid transformation frequency comparable with that of other experiments where completely homologous plastid DNA was introduced. Physical mapping and nucleotide sequence analysis of the targeted plastid DNA region in the transformants demonstrated efficient site-specific integration of the 7.8-kb Solanum plastid DNA and the exclusion of the vector DNA. The integration of the cloned Solanum plastid DNA into the Nicotiana plastid genome involved multiple recombination events as revealed by the presence of discontinuous tracts of Solanum-specific sequences that were interspersed between Nicotiana-specific markers. Marked position effects resulted in very frequent cointegration of the nonselected peripheral donor markers located adjacent to the vector DNA. Data presented here on the efficiency and features of homeologous plastid DNA recombination are consistent with the existence of an active RecA-mediated, but a diminished mismatch, recombination/repair system in higher-plant plastids.
Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against human transferrin. (1984)

Twenty-one hybridoma lines were established, producing monoclonal antibodies against human transferrin and growing well in the peritoneal cavity of the mouse. Eight of these monoclonal antibodies were characterized. All of them are of IgG1 subclass with K light chains. The only human serum protein recognized by these antibodies is transferrin. Individual antibodies and their pairs do not precipitate the antigen, whereas 5 of their triads yield sharp precipitation lines with human transferrin. These results indicate that different monoclonal antibodies of this series recognize different epitopes on the transferrin molecule and that these antibodies or their mixtures can be employed in binding and precipitation tests.
Anatomically left-sided septal slow pathway ablation in dextrocardia and situs inversus totalis (2008)

We present a case of typical (slow-fast) atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia in a patient with complete situs inversus in whom catheter ablation of the slow pathway was accomplished from the right-sided anatomically left ventricle with considerable ease.
Group delay measurements on photonic crystal resonators (2007)

The authors have investigated the group delay of light propagating through photonic crystal resonators fabricated in GaAs membranes. The group delay was measured by detecting the phase shift of a microwave signal which was modulated onto the light. The group delay was found to increase linearly with the quality factor of the resonator. A maximum group delay of 132ps was observed for a resonator with a quality factor of 82 000.
Interaction of Miracil D with double-stranded poly(adenylic acid).poly(uridylic acid) (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInteraction of Miracil D with double-stranded poly(adenylic acid).poly(uridylic acid)Michael J. Heller, Anthony T. Tu, and Gary E. MacielCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 8, 1623–1631Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00705a011https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00705a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fractal Precision Models of Lathe-Type Turning Machines (1993)

Abstract The primary objective of this research is to develop surface models of machining processes to simulate machined surface profiles and analyze their structure. In this paper, fractal analysis is used to discover and characterize the variational pattern of turned surfaces. This analysis provides a means of explicitly stating the precision of a machining process. The results are used to further test the validity of the concept of fractal dimensions at tolerance scales and to establish a relation between surface models, experimental surfaces, and fractals. Based on these results, a more complete model of turning is available to designers for choosing process and design parameters and for comparing the precision between competing machining processes.
Opportunities for energy storage in stressed electricity supply systems (2001)

Summary form only given. As electric utilities continue to restructure, there is an increasing emphasis on increased asset utilization, making it more difficult to justify the investments necessary to bring demand and supply back into balance. Additionally, the process of building transmission and conventional generation is becoming more costly and more time-consuming as the result of more restrictive environmental constraints and because of "not in my backyard" protests based on both environmental and aesthetic considerations. At the simplest level, energy storage can be used to balance fluctuations in the supply and demand of electricity. It is distributed energy storage technologies, with next-generation storage devices, that appear most likely to fill the role for energy storage in solving the current problems of stressed electricity supply systems. Distributed energy storage is particularly suited to providing such solutions. Distributed storage technologies include batteries, flywheels, SMES, supercapacitors and micro-CAES.
Complete amino acid sequence of alkaline mesentericopeptidase (1986)

This paper reports the complete amino acid sequence of a novel subtilisin: alkaline mesentericopeptidase. The protein contains 275 amino acid residues in a single polypeptide chain. The sequence data presented allow the linear arrangement of the whole molecule. Comparison with the subtilisins amylosacchariticus, novo, carlsberg, DY, and a subtilisin isolated from B. subtilis strain I 168, respectively classifies the enzyme as a serine protease of the subtilisin novo type closely related to subtilisin amylosacchariticus. Special features of mensentericopeptidase with respect to enzymatic and physico‐chemical properties are discussed.
Ozone-Activated Nanoporous Gold: A Stable and Storable Material for Catalytic Oxidation (2015)

We report a new method for facile and reproducible activation of nanoporous gold (npAu) materials of different forms for the catalytic selective partial oxidation of alcohols under ambient pressure, steady flow conditions. This method, based on the surface cleaning of npAu ingots with ozone to remove carbon documented in ultrahigh vacuum conditions, produces active npAu catalysts from ingots, foils, and shells by flowing an ozone/dioxygen mixture over the catalyst at 150 °C, followed by a temperature ramp from 50 to 150 °C in a flowing stream of 10% methanol and 20% oxygen. With this treatment, all three materials (ingots, foils, and shells) can be reproducibly activated, despite potential carbonaceous poisons resulting from their synthesis, and are highly active for the selective oxidation of primary alcohols over prolonged periods of time. The npAu materials activated in this manner exhibit catalytic behavior substantially different from those activated under different conditions previously reported. Once activated in this manner, they can be stored and easily reactivated by flow of reactant gases at 150 °C for a few hours. They possess improved selectivity for the coupling of higher alcohols, such as 1-butanol, and are not active for carbon monoxide oxidation. This ozone-treated npAu is a functionally new catalytic material.
Series Introduction: Invasive growth: from development to metastasis (2002)

Invasive growth
[The future started: nitric oxide in glaucoma]. (2007)

After laboratory analyses in patients with primary open angle glaucoma we observed the presence of the activity of NOS in trabecular meshwork. The trabecular distribution of NOS suggests an important role of nitric oxide in the future therapies for the glaucoma. The increase of nitric oxide makes vasodilatation and improves contractility in the trabecular meshwork; the final effect being the decrease of intraocular pressure and on the other hand the contra-apoptotic effect giving neuroprotection.
Tissue-specific regulation of SIRT1 by calorie restriction (2008)

Calorie restriction (CR) has been reported to increase SIRT1 protein levels in mice, rats, and humans, and elevated activity of SIRT1 orthologs extends life span in yeast, worms, and flies. In this study, we challenge the paradigm that CR induces SIRT1 activity in all tissues by showing that activity of this sirtuin in the liver is, in fact, reduced by CR and activated by a high-caloric diet. We demonstrate this change both by assaying levels of SIRT1 and its small molecule regulators, NAD and NADH, as well as assessing phenotypes of a liver-specific SIRT1 knockout mouse on various diets. Our findings suggest that designing CR mimetics that target SIRT1 to provide uniform systemic benefits may be more complex than currently imagined.
Myoblast transfer in duchenne muscular dystrophy (1993)

One biceps muscle of 8 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy was injected at 55 sites with a total of 55 million viable, purified, and contamination-free normal myoblasts (myoblast transfer). The other biceps of each patient was injected with a placebo to serve as a control. The procedure was blinded to the patients, parents, and investigators. Myoblasts derived from a biopsy specimen of the fathers were cultured and purified under strict conditions and carefully screened for microbial contamination. All patients received cyclophosphamide for immunosuppression for 6 or 12 months. No serious complications were observed after myoblast transfer, indicating that the procedure is safe. The overall therapeutic efficiency of myoblast transfer was poor as judged by the results in maximal voluntary force generation, dystrophin content of the muscle, magnetic resonance imaging of the muscle, and the lack of donor-derived DNA and dystrophin messenger RNA in the injected muscle. An improved efficiency of the take of myoblasts might be achieved by using younger cells and injecting the myoblasts with a myonecrotic agent (to increase the prevalence of regeneration) and a basal laminal fenestrating agent.
Role of platelet surface PF4 antigenic complexes in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia pathogenesis: diagnostic and therapeutic implications (2005)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) antibodies recognize complexes between heparin and platelet factor 4 (PF4). Heparin and PF4 bind HIT antibodies only over a narrow molar ratio. We explored the involvement of platelet surface-bound PF4 as an antigen in the pathogenesis of experimental HIT. We show that cell-surface PF4 complexes are also antigenic only over a restricted concentration range of PF4. Heparin is not required for HIT antibody binding but shifts the concentration of PF4 needed for optimal surface antigenicity to higher levels. These data are supported by in vitro studies involving both human and murine platelets with exogenous recombinant human (h) PF4 and either an anti-PF4-heparin monoclonal antibody (KKO) or HIT immunoglobulin. Injection of KKO into transgenic mice expressing different levels of hPF4 demonstrates a correlation between the severity of the thrombocytopenia and platelet hPF4 expression. Therapeutic interventions in this model using high-dose heparin or protamine sulfate support the pathogenic role of surface PF4 antigenic complexes in the etiology of HIT. We believe that this focus on surface PF4 advances our understanding of the pathogenesis of HIT, suggests ways to identify patients at high risk to develop HIT upon heparin exposure, and offers new therapeutic strategies.
Turning Down the Heat: Design and Mechanism in Solid-State Synthesis (1993)

Solid-state compounds have historically been prepared through high-temperature solid-solid reactions. New mechanistic understanding of these reactions suggests possible routes to metastable compositions and structures as well as to thermodynamically stable, low-temperature phases that decompose at higher temperatures. Intermediate-temperature synthetic techniques, including flux and hydrothermal methods, as well as low-temperature intercalation and coordination reactions, have recently been developed and have been used to prepare unprecedented materials with interesting electronic, optical, and catalytic properties. The trend in modern solid-state synthesis resembles increasingly the approach used in small-molecule chemistry, in the sense that attention to reaction mechanism and the use of molecular building blocks result in an ability to prepare new materials of designed structure.