gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SiGe virtual substrate engineering for integration of III-V materials, microelectromechanical systems, and strained silicon MOSFETs with silicon (2001)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2001.
Total solid-phase synthesis, purification and characterization of human parathyroid hormone-(1-84) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal solid-phase synthesis, purification and characterization of human parathyroid hormone-(1-84)T. Fairwell, A. V. Hospattankar, R. Ronan, H. B. Brewer Jr., J. K. Chang, M. Shimizu, L. Zitzner, and C. D. ArnaudCite this: Biochemistry 1983, 22, 11, 2691–2697Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00280a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00280a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Small-Diameter Vascular Graft Prostheses: Current Status (1998)

In contrast to large-diameter vascular grafts (i.e. larger than 5 mm) which remain excellent for more than 10 years after implantation, small-diameter vascular grafts of both Dacron and Teflon occlude rapidly upon implantation. In this overview article, the strategies used to improve the patency of these small-diameter grafts, the current status in clinical trials, and further perspectives in the field of artificial vascular graft development are reviewed. It is concluded that, in view of recent developments in tissue engineering approaches, the future of small-diameter vascular prostheses looks promising.
Enhanced sampling in molecular dynamics: use of the time-dependent Hartree approximation for a simulation of carbon monoxide diffusion through myoglobin (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhanced sampling in molecular dynamics: use of the time-dependent Hartree approximation for a simulation of carbon monoxide diffusion through myoglobinR. Elber and M. KarplusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 25, 9161–9175Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00181a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00181a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1258Altmetric-Citations446LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hepatitis B vaccine produced in yeast (1988)

A gene encoding the 226 amino acid hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), subtype adw, was cloned into a generalized vector for the expression of heterologous genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The 5' end of the genomic HBsAg gene was replaced with a chemically synthesized DNA segment that conserved the amino acid sequence of the protein but utilized DNA sequences that optimize translation initiation in yeast. High-cell-density fermentations of laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been developed in which HBsAg production increases linearly with respect to cell mass. The HBsAg is present as a lipoprotein particle in cell lysates and has been purified to homogeneity. The evidence presented indicates that the HBsAg particles may be formed during lysis of the yeast cells. The purified HBsAg particles have a morphology similar to that of the 22 nm particles present in the serum of human chronic carriers of hepatitis B. The reactivity of the yeast-derived HBsAg particles with a series of monoclonal antibodies is essentially identical to that of human plasma HBsAg. By this analysis, therefore, the structure of the HBsAg protein is similar in yeast and in human particles. The purified yeast HBsAg particles were formulated with alum adjuvant and subsequently were shown to confer immunity in chimpanzees to challenge with two heterologous serotypes (adr, ayw) of hepatitis B virus.
Unequal loss protection: graceful degradation of image quality over packet erasure channels through forward error correction (2000)

We present the unequal loss protection (ULP) framework in which unequal amounts of forward error correction are applied to progressive data to provide graceful degradation of image quality as packet losses increase. We develop a simple algorithm that can find a good assignment within the ULP framework. We use the set partitioning in hierarchical trees coder in this work, but our algorithm can protect any progressive compression scheme. In addition, we promote the use of a PMF of expected channel conditions so that our system can work with almost any model or estimate of packet losses. We find that when optimizing for an exponential packet loss model with a mean loss rate of 20% and using a total rate of 0.2 bits per pixel on the Lenna image, good image quality can be obtained even when 40% of transmitted packets are lost.
Plants and animals share functionally common bacterial virulence factors (2000)

By exploiting the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect a variety of vertebrate and nonvertebrate hosts, we have developed model systems that use plants and nematodes as adjuncts to mammalian models to help elucidate the molecular basis of P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. Our studies reveal a remarkable degree of conservation in the virulence mechanisms used by P. aeruginosa to infect hosts of divergent evolutionary origins.
Simultaneous Detection of Seven Drugs of Abuse by the TriageTM Panel for Drugs of Abuse (1992)

Abstract This novel, competitive immunoassay simultaneously detects seven drugs of abuse in urine. A urine sample is placed in contact with lyophilized reagents, the reaction mixture is allowed to come to equilibrium (10 min), and then the whole mixture is applied to a solid phase that contains various immobilized antibodies in discrete drug-class-specific zones. After a washing step, the operator visually examines each zone for the presence of a red bar. The method incorporates present threshold concentrations that are independent for each drug. In the absence of drug or in the presence of drug in quantities less than the threshold concentration, no colored bar is visible. Samples containing drug(s) at or above the threshold concentration cause a red bar to appear for the appropriate drug(s). Positive and negative procedural control zones are incorporated into each determination. The performance of the assay methodology matches that of instrumented immunoassay systems.
Active site-directed inactivation of Escherichia coli glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase. Determination of the fructose 6-phosphate binding constant using a carbohydrate-based inactivator. (1996)

Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS) catalyzes the formation of glucosamine 6-phosphate from fructose 6-phosphate using glutamine as the ammonia source. Because N-acetylglucosamine is an essential building block of both bacterial cell walls and fungal cell wall chitin, the enzyme is a potential target for antibacterial and antifungal agents. N-Iodoacetylglucosamine 6-phosphate is an active site-directed irreversible inactivator of GlmS from Escherichia coli (kinact/KI = 17 (+/-3) m-1 s-1). Both fructose 6-phosphate and glutamine protect the enzyme from inactivation, indicating that this reagent is directed at both the sugar binding site and the glutamine binding site. Protection studies with fructose 6-phosphate demonstrate that the value of the dissociation constant for fructose 6-phosphate is 3.3 (+/-0.5) x 10(-7) m, approximately 3 orders of magnitude less than the Kia value for this substrate determined from initial velocity experiments (Badet, B., Vermoote, P., and Le Goffic, F. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 2282-2287).
Theoretical approach to intraocular lens calculation using Gaussian optics (1987)

A computer-assisted method of calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power using formulas according to Gaussian optics is described. The method is more exact than current theoretical formulas, especially in calculating corneal power and in dealing with principal planes, and tends to give somewhat higher values for IOL power. One advantage of the theoretical approach is that the eye can be analyzed optically in a conventional manner, not only for the IOL power of emmetropia but also for the power of the biological lens, the total refractive power of the eye, and the magnification of the entire system. The relation to other theoretical formulas is discussed.
Aorta-coronary bypass grafting with polytetrafluoroethylene conduits. Early and late outcome in eight patients. (1987)

During 1982 and 1983 we performed aorta-coronary bypass grafts on eight patients using 4 mm polytetrafluoroethylene conduits and predominantly the multiple sequential graft technique. Angiography was performed 1 week postoperatively and seven of eight patients had patent grafts and were angina free. At 1 year's follow-up 18 of 28 distal anastomoses were patent and five of eight patients were angina free. At 45 month's follow-up four of 28 distal anastomoses were patent and one of eight patients was angina free.
Insulinotropin: glucagon-like peptide I (7-37) co-encoded in the glucagon gene is a potent stimulator of insulin release in the perfused rat pancreas. (1987)

Insulin secretion is controlled by a complex set of factors that include not only glucose but amino acids, catecholamines, and intestinal hormones. We report that a novel glucagon-like peptide, co-encoded with glucagon in the glucagon gene is a potent insulinotropic factor. The glucagon gene encodes a proglucagon that contains in its sequence glucagon and additional glucagon-like peptides (GLPs). These GLPs are liberated from proglucagon in both the pancreas and intestines. GLP-I exists in at least two forms: 37 amino acids GLP-I(1-37), and 31 amino acids, GLP-I(7-37). We studied the effects of synthetic GLP-Is on insulin secretion in the isolated perfused rat pancreas. In the presence of 6.6 mM glucose, GLP-I(7-37) is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion at concentrations as low as 5 X 10(-11) M (3- to 10-fold increases over basal). GLP-I(1-37) had no effect on insulin secretion even at concentrations as high as 5 X 10(-7) M. The earlier demonstration of specific liberation of GLP-I(7-37) in the intestine and pancreas, and the magnitude of the insulinotropic effect at such low concentrations, suggest that GLP-I(7-37) participates in the physiological regulation of insulin secretion.
Thermocapillary pumping of discrete drops in microfabricated analysis devices (1999)

Abstract A nonmechanical pumping mechanism, thermocapillary pumping (TCP), is described for moving nanoliter‐ and picoliter‐sized drops of liquid within microfabricated flow channels. In TCP, one end of a single drop is heated to create a surface tension difference between the ends of the drop. The induced surface tension difference causes a capillary pressure difference between the two drop ends and results in drop motion. TCP velocities of up to 20 mm/min were measured for several liquids at temperature differences between 10 and 70°C. An expression developed for TCP velocity yields predictions that agree with experimental velocities within corresponding uncertainty limits. Several techniques for assisting TCP are also suggested when contact angle hysteresis, the major factor limiting TCP velocities, is too large. These techniques include using surface treatments to reduce the contact angle hysteresis, converging channels to offset hysteresis, or an applied pressure to assist in movement.
Constitutive Binding of Yeast Heat Shock Factor to DNA In Vivo (1988)

We measured the binding of yeast heat shock factor (HSF) to DNA in vivo by using an interference assay in which HSF excludes GAL4 from a synthetic promoter element containing overlapping binding sites for each protein. The results show that HSF binds to DNA in unstressed cells and that binding is not sufficient for transcriptional activation.
Detection of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in Secretagogue-Induced Oral Secretions of Dermacentor andersoni (Acari: Ixodidae) with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (1993)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Anaplasma marginale in secretagogue-induced oral secretions of male and female Dermacentor andersoni Stiles exposed as nymphs or adults by feeding on infected calves. A 409-bp DNA fragment derived from the A. marginale (Florida isolate) msp1 beta gene was amplified with oligonucleotide primers BAP-2 (5'-GTATGGCACGTAGTCTTGGGATCA-3') and AL34S (5'-CAGCAGCAGCAAGACCTTCA-3'). The target DNA was amplified in oral secretions of female ticks exposed to A. marginale as adults and stimulated to secrete by injection of dopamine. Conversely, A. marginale was detected in saliva from prefed female ticks exposed as nymphs only after stimulation with a combination of dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, pilocarpine, and theophylline. Saliva from ticks exposed as nymphs and stimulated with ergot alkaloids did not contain the A. marginale target DNA. Saliva collected after 11 d of feeding from dopamine-stimulated male ticks contained A. marginale DNA. The results indicate that A. marginale is present in tick saliva and suggest that the parasite can be transmitted to cattle via saliva of feeding ixodid ticks. The variable appearance of A. marginale in saliva, regardless of the method used to induce salivation, suggests that transmission of A. marginale may be affected by the physiological state of the tick.
Carbon‐Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles Stabilized by Methylated Cyclodextrins: A New Family of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Gas‐Phase Hydrogenation of Arenes (2008)

Cooperation effects: A novel strategy to obtain heterogeneous catalysts for gas-phase hydrogenation has been developed, based on metallic nanoparticles stabilized by methylated cyclodextrins (CDs) and adsorbed onto charcoal. The CDs appear as multifunctional molecular receptors capable of stabilizing and dispersing the metallic particles on the support and modifying the stereoselectivity through host–guest interactions. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2111/2008/z801323_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Creative networks : socio-technical systems for loosely bound cooperation (2009)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2009.
The Relationship Between Upper Respiratory Infections and Hospital Admissions for Asthma: A Time-Trend Analysis (1996)

We have shown that viruses are associated with 80 to 85% of asthma exacerbations in school-age children in the community. We hypothesize that viral infections are also associated with severe attacks of asthma precipitating hospital admissions. To investigate this, we conducted a time-trend analysis, comparing the seasonal patterns of respiratory infections and hospital admissions for asthma in adults and children. During a 1-yr study in the Southampton area of the United Kingdom, 108 school-age children monitored upper and lower respiratory symptoms and took peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) recordings. From children reporting a symptomatic episode or a decrease in PEFR, samples were taken for detection of viruses and atypical bacteria. A total of 232 respiratory viruses and four atypical bacteria were detected. The half-monthly rates of upper respiratory infection were compared with the half-monthly rates for hospital admissions for asthma (International Classification of Diseases [ICD] code 493) for the same time period for the hospitals serving the areas from which the cohort of schoolchildren was drawn. The relationships of upper respiratory infections and hospital admissions for asthma with school attendance were studied. Strong correlations were found between the seasonal patterns of upper respiratory infections and hospital admissions for asthma (r = 0.72; p < 0.0001). This relationship was stronger for pediatric (r = 0.68; p < 0.0001) than for adult admissions (r = 0.53; p < 0.01). Upper respiratory infections and admissions for asthma were more frequent during periods of school attendance (87% of pediatric and 84% of total admissions), than during school holiday periods (p < 0.001). These relationships remained significant when allowance was made for linear trend and seasonal variation using multiple regression analysis (p < 0.01). Not surprisingly, school attendance, because it is a major factor in respiratory virus transmission, was found to be a major confounding variable in children. This study demonstrates that upper respiratory viral infections are strongly associated in time with hospital admissions for asthma in children and adults. Rhinoviruses were the major pathogen implicated, and the majority of viral infections and asthma admissions occurred during school attendance.
Hydroboration. 67. Cyclic hydroboration of acyclic .alpha.,.omega.-dienes with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane/borane-dimethyl sulfide (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroboration. 67. Cyclic hydroboration of acyclic .alpha.,.omega.-dienes with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane/borane-dimethyl sulfideHerbert C. Brown, Ganesh G. Pai, and Ramachandra G. NaikCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 6, 1072–1078Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00180a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00180a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views358Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elevated BCRP/ABCG2 Expression Confers Acquired Resistance to Gefitinib in Wild-Type EGFR-Expressing Cells (2011)

Thus, BCRP/ABCG2 expression may be a predictor for poor efficacy of gefitinib treatment, and targeting BCRP/ABCG2 may broaden the use of gefitinib in patients with wtEGFR.
Closing the Gaps in Pediatric Laboratory Reference Intervals: A CALIPER Database of 40 Biochemical Markers in a Healthy and Multiethnic Population of Children (2012)

The establishment of a new comprehensive database of pediatric reference intervals is part of the Canadian Laboratory Initiative in Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER). It should assist laboratorians and pediatricians in interpreting test results more accurately and thereby lead to improved diagnosis of childhood diseases and reduced patient risk. The database will also be of global benefit once reference intervals are validated in transference studies with other analytical platforms and local populations, as recommended by the CLSI.
pSAT RNA Interference Vectors: A Modular Series for Multiple Gene Down-Regulation in Plants (2007)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for functional gene analysis, which has been successfully used to down-regulate the levels of specific target genes, enabling loss-of-function studies in living cells. Hairpin (hp) RNA expression cassettes are typically constructed on binary plasmids and delivered into plant cells by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Realizing the importance of RNAi for basic plant research, various vectors have been developed for RNAi-mediated gene silencing, allowing the silencing of single target genes in plant cells. To further expand the collection of available tools for functional genomics in plant species, we constructed a set of modular vectors suitable for hpRNA expression under various constitutive promoters. Our system allows simple cloning of the target gene sequences into two distinct multicloning sites and its modular design provides a straightforward route for replacement of the expression cassette's regulatory elements. More importantly, our system was designed to facilitate the assembly of several hpRNA expression cassettes on a single plasmid, thereby enabling the simultaneous suppression of several target genes from a single vector. We tested the functionality of our new vector system by silencing overexpressed marker genes (green fluorescent protein, DsRed2, and nptII) in transgenic plants. Various combinations of hpRNA expression cassettes were assembled in binary plasmids; all showed strong down-regulation of the reporter genes in transgenic plants. Furthermore, assembly of all three hpRNA expression cassettes, combined with a fourth cassette for the expression of a selectable marker, resulted in down-regulation of all three different marker genes in transgenic plants. This vector system provides an important addition to the plant molecular biologist's toolbox, which will significantly facilitate the use of RNAi technology for analyses of multiple gene function in plant cells.