gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retinobenzoic Acids. 6. Retinoid Antagonists with a Heterocyclic Ring (1994)

Several candidate retinoid antagonists were designed on the basis of the ligand superfamily concept and synthesized. Retinoidal activities of these benzimidazole and benzodiazepine derivatives were examined by assay of differentiation-inducing activity on human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. The parent benzimidazole derivative, 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8- tetramethylnaphth-[2,3-d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (7a), and related compounds with a small alkyl group instead of the hydrogen on the nitrogen (1N) atom of the imidazole ring exhibited retinoidal activity, and the potency strongly depended on the bulkiness of the substituent. The compounds having a phenyl or benzyl group on the nitrogen lacked differentiation-inducing activity on HL-60 cells and acted as antagonists to the potent retinoid 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8- tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid (Am80). Among the compounds possessing a seven-membered heterocyclic ring as a linking group, 4-(5H-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-5,7,7,10,10- pentamethylbenzo[e]- naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]diazepin-13-yl)benzoic acid (16) also exhibited the antagonistic activity. The binding abilities of these compounds to retinoic acid receptors alpha and beta were consistent with their potency for the inhibition of HL-60 cell differentiation induced by the retinoid Am80.
Cloning and Characterization of a Specific Receptor for the Novel CC Chemokine MIP-3α from Lung Dendritic Cells (1997)

Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells involved in the initiation of immune responses. The trafficking of these cells to tissues and lymph nodes is mediated by members of the chemokine family. Recently, a novel CC chemokine known as MIP-3α or liver and activation-regulated chemokine has been identified from the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ expressed sequence tag database. In the present study, we have shown that the messenger RNA for MIP-3α is expressed predominantly in inflamed and mucosal tissues. MIP-3α produced either synthetically or by human embryonic kidney 293 cells is chemotactic for CD34+-derived dendritic cells and T cells, but is inactive on monocytes and neutrophils. MIP-3α was unable to displace the binding of specific CC or CXC chemokines to stable cell lines expressing their respective high affinity receptors, namely CCR1–5 and CXCR1 and CXCR2, suggesting that MIP-3α acts through a novel CC chemokine receptor. Therefore, we used degenerate oligonucleotide-based reverse transcriptase PCR to identify candidate MIP-3α receptors in lung dendritic cells. Our results show that the orphan receptor known as GCY-4, CKRL-3, or STRL-22 is a specific receptor for MIP-3α, and that its activation leads to pertussis toxin–sensitive and phospholipase C–dependent intracellular Ca2+ mobilization when it is expressed in HEK 293 cells.
AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF SEQUENCESPECIFIC DNA BINDING PROTEINS (1986)

We describe a method for affinity purification of sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that is fast and effective. Complementary chemically synthesized oligodeoxynucleotides that contain a recognition site for a sequence-specific DNA binding protein are annealed and ligated to give oligomers. This DNA is then covalently coupled to Sepharose CL-2B with cyanogen bromide to yield the affinity resin. A partially purified protein fraction is combined with competitor DNA and subsequently passed through the DNA-Sepharose resin. The desired sequence-specific DNA binding protein is purified because it preferentially binds to the recognition sites in the affinity resin rather than to the nonspecific competitor DNA in solution. For example, a protein fraction that is enriched for transcription factor Sp1 can be further purified 500- to 1000-fold by two sequential affinity chromatography steps to give Sp1 of an estimated 90% homogeneity with 30% yield. In addition, the use of tandem affinity columns containing different protein binding sites allows the simultaneous purification of multiple DNA binding proteins from the same extract. This method provides a means for the purification of rare sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, such as Sp1 and CAAT-binding transcription factor.
Interleukin-11 for Treatment of Hepatitis C-Associated ITP (2008)

When used based on individual tolerance, rIL-11 appears useful in HpC-ITP.
Soluble Three-Dimensional Polysilane with Organosilicon Nanocluster Structure (1997)

Three-dimensional polysilane with an organosilicon nanocluster structure is first synthesized by the reaction of tetrachlorosilane with magnesium metal and by capping the ends of the silicon nanocluster with tert-butyl group in solution. The organosilicon nanocluster is soluble to common organic solvents in spite of the three-dimensional Si skeleton which is demonstrated by CP/MAS 29 Si NMR spectra. The optical properties and the structure of the organosilicon nanocluster are located between network polysilane (a quasi-two-dimensional silicon) and silicon nanocrystal.
Flexible and stretchable circuit technologies for space applications (2014)

Flexible and stretchable circuit technologies offer reduced volume and weight, increased electrical performance, larger design freedom and improved interconnect reliability. All of these advantages are appealing for space applications. In this paper, two example technologies, the ultra-thin chip package (UTCP) and stretchable moulded interconnect (SMI), are described. The UTCP technology results in a 60 µm thick chip package, including the embedding of a 20 µm thick chip, laser or protolithic via definition to the chip contacts and application of fan out metallization. Imec’s stretchable interconnect technology is inspired by conventional rigid and flexible printed circuit board (PCB) technology. Stretchable interconnects are realized by copper meanders supported by a flexible material e.g. polyimide. Elastic materials, predominantly silicone rubbers, are used to embed the conductors and the components, thus serving as circuit carrier. The possible advantages of these technologies with respect to space applications are discussed.
CELL CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN SOLID TUMORS IN VIVO (1970)

ABSTRACT The duration of the DNA synthetic phase of solid tumors in six patients was determined in vivo by local injections of tritiated thymidine into tumor nodules on the skin and serial biopsies of the lesions. Labeled mitosis curves constructed from the data obtained revealed a distinct wave of labeled mitoses but no evidence of a second wave of DNA synthesis in all six patients. The duration of S phase was 24, 22 and 24 hr in the three patients with malignant melanomas and 19, 22 and 24 hr in the three patients with breast cancer. The method is relatively simple and requires much lower doses of tritiated thymidine; reproducible data are obtainable in patients with solid tumors in a much shorter period of time than with previous experiments.
Synthesis of an individualized cranial atlas with dysmorphic shape (1996)

A new method for non-rigid registration of a normal infant CT head atlas with CT data of infants with abnormal skull shape is presented. An individualized atlas is synthesized by computing a volume transformation from the normal atlas to the target data set shape. This process begins rigidly by eliminating translation and rotation differences and proceeds non-rigidly to eliminate anatomical shape differences. Operator specified anatomical landmarks are used to find the initial rigid transformation. Non-rigid registration is achieved by constraining the transformation by the low frequency modes of vibration of a 3D linear-elastic solid while minimizing the squared intensity difference between atlas and target CT image volumes. Results are presented in which the CT atlas was transformed into the shape of several infants with various types of craniofacial deformities.
Effect of Surfactant and Partial Liquid Ventilation Treatment on Gas Exchange and Lung Mechanics in Immature Lambs: Influence of Gestational Age (2013)

SF therapy response was more effective in the older gestational age group whereas the effectiveness of PLV therapy was not gestational age dependent.
Ultramicroindentation apparatus for the mechanical characterization of thin films (1984)

An apparatus is described which is suitable for the mechanical characterization of all kinds of extremely thin films by indentation experiments at very low loads. The penetration depth can be measured as a function of time or load with a resolution of 5 nm. The indentor force can be varied from 10 μN to 5 mN. On the basis of some examples it is demonstrated that the instrument is applicable for ultramicrohardness measurements on metal films as well as for the determination of the viscoelastic properties of polymer coatings. Moreover, it is shown that the apparatus can be used for surface profilometry and ultramicroscratching experiments on relatively soft layers.
Locations of oligosaccharide chains in human .alpha.1-protease inhibitor and oligosaccharide structures at each site (1982)

Previous studies in this laboratory had shown that the alpha 1-protease inhibitor (alpha 1-PI) molecule contained two types of oligosaccharides, biantennary and triantennary. Cleavage of human alpha 1-protease inhibitor with CNBr resulted in three carbohydrate-containing fragments, I-III. Composition data revealed that each of these CNBr fragments contained one oligosaccharide chain. The oligosaccharide structure at each glycosylation site on each purified CNBr fragment was determined by compositional analysis, behavior on Con A affinity chromatography, and methylation analysis. From the results of these studies, we propose that fragment I contains one carbohydrate chain that can be of either the biantennary or triantennary type. On the other hand, fragments II and III each contain one carbohydrate chain exclusively by the biantennary type of complex N-glycoside.
Nonlinear viscoelasticity of wormlike micelles (and other reversibly breakable polymers) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonlinear viscoelasticity of wormlike micelles (and other reversibly breakable polymers)M. E. CatesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1, 371–375Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100364a063https://doi.org/10.1021/j100364a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1100Altmetric-Citations243LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Porous silicon-a new material for MEMS (2002)

A technique for the formation of pore arrays with high aspect ratios by electrochemical etching of n-type silicon wafers in hydrofluoric acid is presented. New devices such as a silicon based capacitor or photonic bandgap materials for the infrared regime are fabricated based on this new technology.
Pneumatically Pumping Fluids Radially Inward On Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms in Motion (2010)

This paper describes a pumping technique applicable to centrifugal microfluidic platforms, involving the use of a regulated stream of compressed gas to pump liquid radially inward and toward the center of the platform while spinning. This technique provides a noncontact method for pumping fluids and is highly efficient, requiring only approximately 60 s to reach completion. This pumping operation can be attained with an applied gas flow rate of 58.8 L min(-1), while the platform is rotated at frequencies less than 180 rpm (3.0 Hz).
Anti‐idiotypic antibodies: biological function and structural studies (1995)

Under a variety of circumstances antibodies can be elicited against the variable region of other antibody molecules (anti-idotypic antibodies, anti-ids). Some of the antibodies are directed against the binding sites of the eliciting antibodies. Of particular interest are the antibodies that recognize epitopes of the original antibody that are in contact with antigen. Antibodies of this kind have been produced and used in a variety of situations including attempts at using them as therapeutic agents. In recent years structural data at the atomic level have emerged for anti-idiotypic antibodies from X-ray diffraction studies. These studies provided structural basis for molecular mimicry of anti-ids. For a large globular antigen (lysozyme), where epitope is noncontinuguous, molecular mimicry is not present at the atomic level. In this case, idiotopes are largely composed of CDR residues, but framework residues are also used. For an epitope that is sequence-specific (anti-FIPV system), molecular mimicry appears to be present as evidenced by the sequence homology between the CDR loops of the anti-id and the epitope of the original antigen. In the case of a small hormone antigen (angiotensin II), an internal image of the eliciting antigen appears to be represented in a single CDR loop of the antiiodiotypic antibody.
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia with p185BCR/ABL expression: characteristics and clinical significance (1999)

We investigated the significance of p185BCR/ABL expression in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) in relation to disease features, therapy and outcome. Results of Western blot analysis for 1384 patients referred with a diagnosis of CML to our institution from 1989 to 1997 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, results of cytogenetic analysis and RT-PCR for BCR rearrangement were analysed. Five patients with Ph-positive CML expressing the p185BCR/ABL hybrid protein were identified. By RT-PCR, bone marrow specimens of these patients were confirmed to have an e1a2 junction. The median age at diagnosis of these patients was 55 years (range 43-76). All had elevated white cell counts at diagnosis (median 50 x 109/l, range 11.7-163 x 109/l). Four patients had monocytosis (range 10-16%) with a low neutrophil/monocyte ratio in the peripheral blood (range 3.4-5.7). Patients presented with various stages of the disease (two in chronic-phase CP, two in accelerated-phase AP, and one in blastic-phase BP). The clinical course and therapy of the patients varied, with one patient receiving hydroxyurea only, three patients receiving hydroxyurea followed by interferon-alpha based regimens and bone marrow transplantation. The patient presenting in BP was treated with combination chemotherapy. The clinical outcome of the patients was also varied with one patient alive and in complete remission (with complete cytogenetic remission after transplant) and four patients dead after progression to more advanced stages. We conclude that patients with Ph-positive p185BCR/ABL CML frequently present with monocytosis and a low neutrophil/monocyte ratio in the peripheral blood, aiding the speculation that the presence of the p185BCR/ABL hybrid protein may contribute to a phenotype intermediate between CML and CMML. Of interest, the only other specific clinical feature identified was the absence of splenomegaly in four of five patients. There was no definite association with transformation to lymphoid blast phase.
Periodontal Infection as a Possible Risk Factor for Preterm Low Birth Weight (1996)

Peridontal diseases are gram-negative anaerobic infections that can occur in women of childbearing age (18 to 34 years). In the present investigation we sought to determine whether the prevalence of maternal periodontal infection could be associated with preterm low birth weight (PLBW), controlling for known risk factors and potential covariates. A case-control study of 124 pregnant or postpartum mothers was performed. PLBW cases were defined as a mother with a birth of less than 2,500 g and one or more of the following: gestational age < 37 weeks, preterm labor (PTL), or premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Controls were normal birth weight infants (NBW). Assessments included a broad range of known obstetric risk factors, such as tobacco use, drug use, alcohol consumption, level of prenatal care, parity, genitourinary infections, and nutrition. Each subject received a periodontal examination to determine clinical attachment level. PLBW cases and primiparous PLBW cases (n = 93) had significantly worse periodontal disease than the respective NBW controls. Multivariate logistic regression models, controlling for other risk factors and covariates, demonstrated that periodontal disease is a statistically significant risk factor for PLBW with adjusted odds ratios of 7.9 and 7.5 for all PLBW cases and primiparous PLBW cases, respectively. These data indicate that periodontal diseases represent a previously unrecognized and clinically significant risk factor for preterm low birth weight as a consequence of either PTL or preterm PROM.
Pharmacological dimerization and activation of the exchange factor eIF2B antagonizes the integrated stress response (2015)

The general translation initiation factor eIF2 is a major translational control point. Multiple signaling pathways in the integrated stress response phosphorylate eIF2 serine-51, inhibiting nucleotide exchange by eIF2B. ISRIB, a potent drug-like small molecule, renders cells insensitive to eIF2α phosphorylation and enhances cognitive function in rodents by blocking long-term depression. ISRIB was identified in a phenotypic cell-based screen, and its mechanism of action remained unknown. We now report that ISRIB is an activator of eIF2B. Our reporter-based shRNA screen revealed an eIF2B requirement for ISRIB activity. Our results define ISRIB as a symmetric molecule, show ISRIB-mediated stabilization of activated eIF2B dimers, and suggest that eIF2B4 (δ-subunit) contributes to the ISRIB binding site. We also developed new ISRIB analogs, improving its EC50 to 600 pM in cell culture. By modulating eIF2B function, ISRIB promises to be an invaluable tool in proof-of-principle studies aiming to ameliorate cognitive defects resulting from neurodegenerative diseases.
Hypervisor support for identifying covertly executing binaries (2008)

Hypervisors have been proposed as a security tool to defend against malware that subverts the OS kernel. However, hypervisors must deal with the semantic gap between the low-level information available to them and the high-level OS abstractions they need for analysis. To bridge this gap, systems have proposed making assumptions derived from the kernel source code or symbol information. Unfortunately, this information is nonbinding – rootkits are not bound to uphold these assumptions and can escape detection by breaking them. In this paper, we introduce Patagonix, a hypervisorbased system that detects and identifies covertly executing binaries without making assumptions about the OS kernel. Instead, Patagonix depends only on the processor hardware to detect code execution and on the binary format specifications of executables to identify code and verify code modifications. With this, Patagonix can provide trustworthy information about the binaries running on a system, as well as detect when a rootkit is hiding or tampering with executing code. We have implemented a Patagonix prototype on the Xen 3.0.3 hypervisor. Because Patagonix makes no assumptions about the OS kernel, it can identify code from application and kernel binaries on both Linux and Windows XP. Patagonix introduces less than 3 % overhead on most applications. 1
Rhenium‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Oxidations of Tertiary Nitrogen Compounds to N‐Oxides Using Sodium Percarbonate as Oxygen Source. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Targeting receptor kinases by a novel indolinone derivative in multiple myeloma: abrogation of stroma-derived interleukin-6 secretion and induction of apoptosis in cytogenetically defined subgroups (2005)

In multiple myeloma (MM), both vascular endothelial (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promote tumor growth and survival. We have used the novel indolinone BIBF 1000 to study effects of simultaneous inhibition of VEGF, FGF and transforming growth factor-beta on MM cells and their interactions with bone marrow stroma cells (BMSCs). Both, in the absence and presence of myeloma-stroma cell contacts, BIBF 1000 abrogated BMSC-derived secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, BIBF 1000 directly induced apoptosis in t(4;14)-positive cell lines as well as in CD138+ marrow cells from patients with t(4;14) myeloma. To a similar extent, BIBF 1000 induced apoptosis in MM.1S and MM.1R cells carrying the translocation t(14;16). In case of MM.1S and other dexamethasone-sensitive t(14;16) cell lines, BIBF 1000 and dexamethasone had additive proapoptotic effects. Induction of apoptosis by BIBF 1000 was associated with inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway in t(4;14) and inhibition of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase/AKT pathway in t(14;16) cells. Apoptotic effects did not occur in t(4;14)-or t(14;16)-positive MM cells carrying n- or k-Ras mutations. The data provide the rationale for clinical evaluation of this class of targeted kinase inhibitors in MM with focus on defined cytogenetic subgroups.
A sensitive retroviral pseudotype assay for influenza H5N1‐neutralizing antibodies (2007)

The pseudotype neutralization assay is as sensitive as horse erythrocyte HI and MN for the detection of antibodies to H5N1. It is safer, and can be applied in a high-throughput format for human and animal surveillance and for the evaluation of vaccines.
High-mobility-group 1 protein mediates DNA bending as determined by ring closures. (1993)

High-mobility-group 1 protein (HMG1) is an abundant eukaryotic DNA-binding protein, the cellular role of which remains ill-defined. To test the ability of HMG1 itself to mediate curvature in double-stranded DNA, we examined its effect on the phage T4 DNA ligase-dependent cyclization of short DNA fragments. HMG1 caused circle formation for fragments > or = 87 bp. Fragments of 123, 100, 92, and 87 bp did not cyclize in the absence of protein but formed covalently closed circular monomers efficiently in the presence of HMG1, indicating that the protein is capable of introducing bends into the duplex. The bending activity was maintained by a 79-amino acid polypeptide corresponding to a single HMG-box domain of HMG1. The binding affinity for the DNA minicircle was greater than for the corresponding linear fragment. These findings indicate that the role of HMG1 could involve both structure-specific recognition of prebent DNA and distortion of the DNA helix by bending and that the HMG-box domain may actually be responsible for this activity.