gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Osteosarcoma – conventional treatment vs. gene therapy (2009)

Osteosarcoma (OS) remains the most common primary malignant bone cancer affecting children and adolescents. Majority of patients are subjected to surgery and chemotherapy with limited alternatives to consider. However, with increasing knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of OS, advancements in OS therapy research fields have developed potential agents for a more targeted and localised approach to treatment. Thus, this review attempts to examine some common treatment strategies (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) employed clinically as well as recent developments in newer experimental therapy methods (gene therapy) which might potentially benefit patients.
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma (2008)

The aim of this study was to determine the role of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a prognostic marker in endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) and to explore whether its down-regulation could be due to epigenetic mechanism. First, we examined the expression and the prognostic value of PSMA by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemistry in EAC tissue samples. Second, to explore the role of CpG methylation in down-regulation PSMA in EAC, we evaluated PSMA CpG island methylation using methylation-specific PCR in cells lines and in a subset of patients' samples. Furthermore, association of the status of tumor methylation to the clinical and histologic variables was also evaluated. Higher PSMA mRNA levels were associated with stage I (P = 0.046) and PSMA protein intensity by immunohistochemistry (P = 0.032). In multivariate analysis, loss of PSMA expression was associated with a worse disease-free survival (P = 0.02). PSMA was methylated in prostate cell lines (DU145 and PC3) and endometrial cell lines. In addition, PSMA was methylated in 5 of 18 samples (all 5 had low PSMA mRNA value). There was a significant association between PSMA methylation and loss of protein expression by immunohistochemistry and PSMA-RNA level with P value of 0.036 and 0.011, respectively. In addition, there was an association between PSMA methylation and tumor size (P = 0.025). In summary, (a) PSMA is underexpressed in advanced stage EAC, (b) loss of PSMA expression can be considered as a prognostic marker in patients with EAC, and (c) loss of PSMA expression in a subset of EAC cases could be due to epigenetic silencing.
Selectivity in Propene Polymerization with Metallocene Catalysts (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelectivity in Propene Polymerization with Metallocene CatalystsLuigi Resconi, Luigi Cavallo, Anna Fait, and Fabrizio PiemontesiView Author Information Montell Polyolefins, Centro Ricerche G. Natta, P.le G. Donegani 12, 44100 Ferrara, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 4, 80134 Napoli, Italy Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 4, 1253–1346Publication Date (Web):March 25, 2000Publication History Received16 September 1999Published online25 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9804691https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9804691research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9560Altmetric-Citations1283LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Catalysts,Monomers,Polymerization,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts
Behaviour of Crohn's disease according to the Vienna classification: changing pattern over the course of the disease (2001)

Location of Crohn's disease, as defined by the Vienna classification, is a relatively stable phenotype which seems suitable for phenotype-genotype analyses. Behaviour of Crohn's disease according to the Vienna classification varies dramatically over the course of the disease and cannot be used in phenotype-genotype analyses. The potential influence of genes on the behaviour of Crohn's disease should be studied in subgroups of patients defined by their disease behaviour after a fixed duration of disease.
Matrix type controlled release systems: I. Effect of percolation on drug dissolution kinetics. (1991)

Matrix type controlled release tablets were prepared by compression of binary mixtures of a soluble brittle model drug (caffeine) and a plastic matrix substance (ethyl cellulose). The drug content of the tablets was varied from 10% to 100% (weight/weight) and the drug dissolution from one flat side of the tablets was studied. By means of percolation theory the release kinetics could be explained over the whole range of drug loadings. For low drug concentrations up to the lower percolation threshold the release was incomplete because most of the drug was encapsulated by the matrix substance. For drug loadings between the lower and the upper percolation threshold the release was matrix-controlled. For high drug loadings a change to zero order dissolution kinetics was observed. Close to the percolation threshold the diffusion coefficient obeys a scaling law, from which a simple equation to estimate the value of the lower percolation threshold was derived and applied to the measured dissolution data. The critical porosity (lower percolation threshold) was found to be 0.35, corresponding to a drug content of about 28% (weight/weight).
[Establishment of drug resistant cell line of MGC-803 and analysis of differential secretome]. (2014)

By establishing the 5FU-,TA- and DDP-resistant gastric cancer cell lines and assisted by 2-DE and mass spectrometry, we demonstrated the different secretory protein profiling and found that SIAH1 had significantly increased in both cell lysates and the conditional medium of the drug-resistant cells, which are potential candidates for developing chemoresistance markers in sera from gastric cancer patients.
Rab7: roles in membrane trafficking and disease (2009)

The endocytosis pathway controls multiple cellular and physiological events. The lysosome is the destination of newly synthesized lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes. Internalized molecules or particles are delivered to the lysosome for degradation through sequential transport along the endocytic pathway. The endocytic pathway is also emerging as a signalling platform, in addition to the well-known role of the plasma membrane for signalling. Rab7 is a late endosome-/lysosome-associated small GTPase, perhaps the only lysosomal Rab protein identified to date. Rab7 plays critical roles in the endocytic processes. Through interaction with its partners (including upstream regulators and downstream effectors), Rab7 participates in multiple regulation mechanisms in endosomal sorting, biogenesis of lysosome [or LRO (lysosome-related organelle)] and phagocytosis. These processes are closely related to substrates degradation, antigen presentation, cell signalling, cell survival and microbial pathogen infection. Consistently, mutations or dysfunctions of Rab7 result in traffic disorders, which cause various diseases, such as neuropathy, cancer and lipid metabolism disease. Rab7 also plays important roles in microbial pathogen infection and survival, as well as in participating in the life cycle of viruses. Here, we give a brief review on the central role of Rab7 in endosomal traffic and summarize the studies focusing on the participation of Rab7 in disease pathogenesis. The underlying mechanism governed by Rab7 and its partners will also be discussed.
Mobility of the maize transposable element En/Spm in Arabidopsis thaliana (1993)

The autonomous element En-1 of the maize En/Spm transposable element system is capable of frequent somatic and germinal excision in the heterologous host Arabidopsis thaliana. The pattern of En-homologous transcripts generated in transgenic Arabidopsis resembles En transcription in maize. An excision reporter construct based on NPT-II gene (pKEn2) can be used reliably for the isolation of En-1 germinal revertants by seed germination on kanamycin-containing medium. Re-insertion after germinal excision is apparently frequent. A dSpm receptor element can be efficiently trans-activated in Arabidopsis either by En-1 or by expressing cDNAs of tnpA and tnpD. Excision and re-insertion of En/Spm take place with similar characteristics as in maize. This is the first description of En/Spm transposition in Arabidopsis and the parameters analysed here suggest that transposon tagging with En should be feasible in this species.
The Thymus Plays a Role in Oral Tolerance in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2006)

The oral administration of myelin proteins has been used for the successful prevention and treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We questioned whether the thymus was involved in oral tolerance. In this study, euthymic myelin basic protein (MBP) TCR transgenic mice are protected from EAE when fed MBP but are not protected when thymectomized. Similarly, in a cell transfer system, T cell responses to OVA measured in vivo were suppressed significantly only in the OVA-fed euthymic mice but not in the thymectomized mice. We observed that the absence of the thymus dramatically enhanced the Th1 response. We explored three alternatives to determine the role of the thymus in oral tolerance: 1) as a site for the induction of regulatory T cells; 2) a site for deletion of autoreactive T cells; or 3) a site for the dissemination of naive T cells. We found that Foxp3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells are increased in the periphery but not in the thymus after Ag feeding. These CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells also express glucocorticoid-induced TNFR and intracellular CTLA4 and suppress Ag-specific proliferation of CD4(+)CD25(-) cells in vitro. The thymus also plays a role in deletion of autoreactive T cells in the periphery following orally administered MBP. However, thymectomy does not result in homeostatic proliferation and the generation of memory cells in this system. Overall, the oral administration of MBP has a profound effect on systemic immune responses, mediated largely by the generation of regulatory T cells that act to prevent or suppress EAE.
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Service Changes on Customer Attitudes (1991)

The authors develop a longitudinal model of the effect of a service change on customer attitudes about service quality. The model is estimated with data from a field experiment with three survey waves. Service changes are found to have a strong influence on customer evaluations of service quality through their effect on customer perceptions of current performance and disconfirmation. The effect of disconfirmation is larger and the effect of prior attitudes is smaller directly after the service change than in a subsequent time period.
Abnormal auditory mismatch response in tinnitus sufferers with high-frequency hearing loss is associated with subjective distress level (2004)

The present study is the first to show near-to-complete separation of tinnitus sufferers from a normal hearing control group based on neurophysiological variables. The finding of lesion-edge specific effects and associations with slope of hearing loss corroborates the assumption that hearing loss is the basis for tinnitus development. It is likely that some central reorganization follow a damage to hearing receptors, even though the paradoxical results indicate that they most likely are somewhat different than originally assumed (see Background). One partial explanation might lie in the involvement of top-down (presumably frontal-lobe) controlled processes. A better comprehension of the exact mechanisms leading to the present results could have a broad impact on the understanding and perhaps treatment of tinnitus.
Hyperthermia as a treatment for bladder cancer. (2010)

Modern cancer care is characterized by a focus on organ-sparing multi-modal treatments. In the case of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer this is particularly true; treatment is focused on reducing the frequency of low-risk recurrences and preventing high-risk progression. Deep regional hyperthermia is an oncologic therapeutic modality that can help achieve these two goals. The combination of hyperthermia with chemotherapy and radiotherapy has improved patient outcomes in several tumor types. In this review, we highlight the biology of therapeutic fever-range hyperthermia, discuss how hyperthermia is administered and dosed, demonstrate how heat can be added to other treatment regimens, and summarize the data supporting the role of hyperthermia in the management of bladder cancer.
Racial Variation in Prostate Cancer Incidence and in Hormonal System Markers Among Male Health Professionals (2000)

Our results confirm the elevated incidence of prostate cancer among African Americans and show that it is not explained by differences in the distribution of possible dietary and lifestyle risk factors in this cohort. Racial variation in length of the androgen receptor gene CAG repeat may explain a small part of the excess risk of prostate cancer among African-American men in this cohort.
Early occurrence of human cytomegalovirus infection after bone marrow transplantation as demonstrated by the polymerase chain reaction technique (1991)

Twenty-eight patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were followed-up at weekly intervals from day -10 to discharge from hospital after BMT for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), slot-blot hybridization, and conventional virus culture. High specificity of the PCR assay applied could be shown by failure to amplify DNA extracted from a wide range of other viruses frequently infecting marrow transplant recipients. The PCR technique allowed us to diagnose viremia and viruria in 20 (83%) of 24 seropositive patients after BMT, whereas culture assays showed 16 (67%) of 24 of these patients to be viruric and 9 (37%) of 24 cases to be viremic. Slot-blot hybridization showed a frequency of viruria and viremia in 12 (50%) of 24 seropositive patients. By application of PCR techniques, HCMV detection could be achieved even in the very early posttransplant period. HCMV was detected in five patients even before the onset of clinical symptoms of acute graft-versus-host disease. Analysis by PCR techniques of 33 organ biopsy specimens from patients after BMT showed the presence of HCMV in 13 of 14 liver samples obtained from patients with HCMV viremia; three liver specimens from patients without viremia were negative by all the techniques applied. HCMV could also be demonstrated in postmortem lung biopsy specimens from all patients (n = 10) with interstitial pneumonia.
Prognostic Accuracy of the SOFA Score, SIRS Criteria, and qSOFA Score for In-Hospital Mortality Among Adults With Suspected Infection Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (2017)

Among adults with suspected infection admitted to an ICU, an increase in SOFA score of 2 or more had greater prognostic accuracy for in-hospital mortality than SIRS criteria or the qSOFA score. These findings suggest that SIRS criteria and qSOFA may have limited utility for predicting mortality in an ICU setting.
Extracorporeal Plateletpheresis Induces the Interaction of Activated Platelets with White Blood Cells (2000)

Abstract Background and Objectives: In this study we investigated whether platelet activation during apheresis results in the binding of platelets to white blood cells. Material and Methods: Analysis of platelet–leukocyte interaction was performed using multiparameter, three–color flow cytometry. Results: Over the duration of the procedure, there was an increase in the surface expression of CD62p (P–selectin) and CD63 (p&lt;0.05), and also in the binding of platelets to monocytes (p&lt;0.05), neutrophilic granulocytes (p&lt;0.05) and to CD3+ cells (initially to a low degree; p&lt;0.05). Platelet binding to CD19+ cells did not change significantly. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that platelets become activated during apheresis and that following this process, interaction with monocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes occurs.
Bacteriophage T7 Lysozyme Is an N-Acetylmuramyl-l-alanine Amidase (1973)

Abstract Studies on the specificity of a lytic enzyme induced by bacteriophage T7 infection of Escherichia coli were carried out by analyzing the products of the enzyme's action on purified E. coli peptidoglycan. The E. coli peptidoglycan is known to contain a lipoprotein (molecular weight = 7,200) covalently attached to diaminopimelic acid. When radioactively labeled E. coli peptidoglycan was digested with purified bacteriophage T4 lysozyme, the lipoprotein was cleaved from the peptidoglycan and migrated to a position of molecular weight 10,600 in a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretogram. The lipoprotein was found to contain both radioactive N-acetylglucosamine and diaminopimelic acid, as expected from the known enzymatic specificity of T4 lysozyme (an N-acetylmuramidase). On the other hand, when the labeled peptidoglycan was digested with a bacteriophage T7 lysate, the lipoprotein migrated to a position of significantly lower molecular weight than that of the lipoprotein cleaved by T4 lysozyme. Furthermore, the lipoprotein contained diaminopimelic acid, but not N-acetylglucosamine. This suggested that the release of the lipoprotein from the peptidoglycan by the T7 lysate was not due to the hydrolysis of one of the bonds in the glycan backbone, but due to the hydrolysis of one of the bonds in the peptide portion of the peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan radioactively labeled with l-alanine was prepared, digested with the lytic enzyme in a T7 lysate, and the digestion products analyzed. From these experiments, it was concluded that the T7 enzyme cleaves the bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and l-alanine. This conclusion was confirmed by observing that the release of NH2-terminal l-[14C]alanine was chemically detected by dinitrophenylation after digestion of labeled peptidoglycan with the T7 lysate. Hence the T7 lytic enzyme is an N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase. It is most likely the product of the T7 lysozyme gene (gene 3.5), since no lytic activity was detected in a lysate prepared by infection of E. coli with a T7 lysozyme mutant.
Physical properties of chlorinated liquid crystals (1991)

Abstract Dielectric, optical and electro-optical properties of four chlorinated nematic liquid crystal compounds and a eutectic mixture were characterized. Some chlorinated liquid crystals are found to exhibit a wide nematic range, modest dielectric and optical anisotropies, low viscosity and small UV absorption. Potential application of mixtures containing chlorinated liquid crystals for information displays in the visible spectral region is foreseeable.
Plasma Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, and Tryptophan in Schizophrenia (1983)

Plasma phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan concentrations were measured in chronic schizophrenic patients, normal controls, and heterozygotes for phenylketonuria. Schizophrenic patients' plasma concentrations of these amino acids could not be distinguished from those of normal controls, either when fasting or following oral or intravenous (IV) phenylalanine challenge. No neuroleptic effect was observed. Plasma phenylalanine-tyrosine ratios following IV phenylalanine challenge could easily distinguish heterozygotes from schizophrenic and normal control subjects but could not distinguish schizophrenic subjects from normal control subjects. No overlap between heterozygotes' values and those of the schizophrenic and normal subjects was observed. These studies find no evidence of abnormal phenylalanine metabolism in schizophrenic persons. Phenylalanine challenge did not affect the abstraction or judgment capacities of the subjects.
Anisotropic Etching of Atomically Thin MoS2 (2013)

Exposure to oxygen at 300–340 °C results in triangular etch pits with uniform orientation on the surfaces of atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), indicating anisotropic etching terminating on lattice planes. The triangular pits grow laterally with oxidation time. The density of pits scarcely depends on oxidation time, temperature, and MoS2 thickness but varies significantly from sample to sample, indicating that etching is initiated at native defect sites on the basal plane surface rather than activated by substrate effects such as charged impurities or surface roughness. Raman spectroscopy confirms that oxygen treatment produces no molybdenum oxide (MoO3) below 340 °C. However, upon oxidation above 200 °C, the Raman A1g mode upshifts and the linewidth decreases, indicating p-type doping of MoS2. Oxidation at 400 °C results in complete conversion to MoO3.
Postoperative pulmonary complications (2003)

Understanding risk factors for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications allows targeted interventions aimed at reducing their frequency and severity. Further research is needed to define the role of regional analgesic and anesthetic techniques in reducing postoperative pulmonary complications, and also to define the nature of risk factors and develop better predictive models of patients at risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications.
DNA-PCR Analysis of Bloodstains Sampled by the Polyvinyl-Alcohol Method (1999)

Among the usual techniques of sampling gunshot residues (GSR), the polyvinyl-alcohol method (PVAL) includes the advantage of embedding all particles, foreign bodies and stains on the surface of the shooter's hand in exact and reproducible topographic localization. The aim of the present study on ten persons killed by firearms was to check the possibility of DNA-PCR typing of blood traces embedded in the PVAL gloves in a second step following GSR analysis. The results of these examinations verify that the PVAL technique does not include factors that inhibit successful PCR typing. Thus the PVAL method can be recommended as a combination technique to secure and preserve inorganic and biological traces at the same time.