gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of GPS Determined Attitude for Navigation (1988)

GPS has a significant advantage over the other navigation systems, by being a complete system. By utilizing the GPS signals in a optimum way, we can derive time, position, velocity and attitude from a high accuracy single source, with no need for input from complementary sensors such as inertial systems or doppler sonars. 

Various tests have been done at GECO A/5, Norway to study the accuracy of attitude as derived from GPS. TI-4100 receivers and TRIMBLE 4000SX receivers have been used in static tests. By interchange of antennas during the observations, the multipath effects have been isolated from other error sources. Errors from multipath have also been verified by studying day-to-day correlation caused by repetition of the satellite-to-antenna geometries. In the following static test antennae with ground plane were used in order to reduce the effects from multipath. 

This paper discusses mathematical models and receiver design for the reduction of tropospheric refraction. Uncorrected tropo­spheric refraction can be a serious source of errors for attitude determination, as the bending of the GPS signal path is about 1 degree at the horizon. 

In December 1987 two TRIMBLE 4000SX receivers were used on the seismic vessel GECO GAMMA for a dynamic test of attitude determination. The antennae were mounted on both sides of the helideck in order to measure heading and roll. We made comparisons of GPS derived azimuth and azimuth from logged gyro by post processing of the data. The paper discusses methods for real­time determination of the carrier phase ambiguity.
ChemInform Abstract: From Aziridines to Oxazolines and Thiazolines: The Heterocyclic Route to Thiangazole (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
HIV-1 Tat-Based Vaccines: From Basic Science to Clinical Trials (2002)

Vaccination against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection requires candidate antigen(s) (Ag) capable of inducing an effective, broad, and long-lasting immune response against HIV-1 despite mutation events leading to differences in virus clades. The HIV-1 Tat protein is more conserved than envelope proteins, is essential in the virus life cycle and is expressed very early upon virus entry. In addition, both humoral and cellular responses to Tat have been reported to correlate with a delayed progression to disease in both humans and monkeys. This suggested that Tat is an optimal target for vaccine development aimed at controlling virus replication and blocking disease onset. Here are reviewed the results of our studies including the effects of the Tat protein on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) that are key antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and the results from vaccination trials with both the Tat protein or tat DNA in monkeys. We provide evidence that the HIV-1 Tat protein is very efficiently taken up by MDDCs and promotes T helper (Th)-1 type immune responses against itself as well as other Ag. In addition, a Tat-based vaccine elicits an immune response capable of controlling primary infection of monkeys with the pathogenic SHIV89.6P at its early stages allowing the containment of virus spread. Based on these results and on data of Tat conservation and immune cross-recognition in field isolates from different clades, phase I clinical trials are being initiated in Italy for both preventive and therapeutic vaccination.
A comparison of methods for RNA extraction from lymphocytes for RT-PCR. (1994)

Various methods have been described to extract RNA from nonadherent mammalian cells or are provided in protocols accompanying various commercially available reagents. (1-1~ Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) allows the amplification, even the quantitation, of previously undetectable amounts of mRNA. (11'1z) In this burgeoning field, some major points of interest have not yet been investigated: (1) comparison of the cited methods (given the importance of RT-PCR, limiting dilutional assays of cDNA transcripts is a better end point than other RNA parameters like spectrophotometry, Northern blotting, etc.); (2) whether total RNA or poly(A) RNA extraction is more favorable for subsequent RT-PCR; and (3) a detailed comparison of cDNA synthesis with oligo(dT), random hexamer, or RT-PCR downstream primers.
Adaptive Offloading for Pervasive Computing (2004)

Delivering a complex application on a resource-constrained mobile device is challenging. An adaptive offloading system enables dynamic partitioning of the application and efficient offloading of part of its execution to a nearby surrogate. To deliver pervasive services without modifying the application or degrading its fidelity, we propose an adaptive offloading system that includes two key parts: a distributed offloading platform and an offloading inference engine. There are two important decision-making problems for adaptive offloading: adaptive offloading triggering and efficient application partitioning.
26.1: Invited Paper : Quantum Photonic Imager (QPI): A Novel Display Technology that Enables more than 3D Applications (2015)

QPI is a new generation of spatial light modulator (SLM) that combines light source and light modulation at the pixel level, thus eliminating the waste in most existing SLMs where light is separately generated and modulated. This paper explains the QPI architecture and its 3D application and beyond.
Scar Irritation in Churg Strauss Syndrome (A Case Report) (1986)

Summary A rare case of this syndrome with a different clinical picture, i.e. of chronic irritation, swelling, and ulcers around a scar on the face is being presented.
Theory of Multisource Crosstalk Reduction by Phase‐Encoded Statics (2010)

Formulas are derived that relate the strength of the crosstalk term in multisource imaging to the variance of random changes in static time, amplitude, and polarity changes in phase‐encoded supergathers. Analysis reveals that the crosstalk term is exponentially reduced with increasing variance of the static shift and increasing source frequency. Formula also suggest, under ideal circumstances, that the number of iterations should linearly increase with the number of shot gathers/supergather to achieve acceptable accuracy in the final image. These conclusions should be valid for least squares migration or waveform inversion of phase‐encoded multisource supergathers.
Reverse hierarchical PIV processing (2002)

A novel hierarchical processing scheme is proposed to efficiently increase the spatial resolution and dynamic range of detecting particle image displacements in PIV images. The technique takes full advantage of the multi-resolution characteristic of the discrete correlation function by starting the processing at the smallest scale and, if necessary, gradually building correlation planes into larger interrogation areas based on the result of inter-level correlation correction and validation. It is shown that the algorithm can be implemented in both direct and FFT based correlation algorithms with greatly reduced computational complexity. The technique opens new perspectives for locally adaptive super-resolution processing taking flow field, seeding, and imaging anomalies into account. Processing at the lowest scale (e.g. pixel or particle image size) allows the combination of correlation planes on any shape. Hence the proposed reverse hierarchical processing represents interrogation area optimization both in size and shape in order to maximize the correlation plane signal-to-noise ratio. The method is successfully demonstrated on experimentally obtained images.
The effect of fatty acid composition on the acrylation kinetics of epoxidized triacylglycerols (2002)

Abstract Epoxidized oils, epoxidized triacylglycerols, and epoxidized fatty acid methyl esters were made by reaction with performic acid formed in situ . The extent of epoxidation was ca. 95% for all of the epoxidized samples, as determined by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance. The epoxidized samples were reacted with an excess of acrylic acid for different reaction times. The acrylation reaction was found to have a first‐order dependence on the epoxide concentration for all oils, pure triacylglycerols, and fatty acid methyl esters. However, the rate constant of acrylation was found to depend on the composition of the epoxidized material. The acrylation rate constant for 9,10‐epoxystearic acid was 96 L 2 /(mol 2 ·min). The rate constant of acrylation for the epoxides on 9,10,12,13‐diepoxystearic acid was 60 L 2 /(mol 2 ·min). The acrylation rate constant for the epoxides on 9,10,12,13,15,16‐triepoxystearic acid was 50 L 2 /(mol 2 ·min). Thus, the rate constant of acrylation increased as the number of epoxides per fotty acid decreased. Multiple epoxides per fatty acid decrease the reactivity of the epoxides because of steric hindrance effects, and the oxonium ion, formed as an intermediate during the epoxyacrylic acid reaction, is stabilized by local epoxide groups. These results were used to derive an acrylation kinetic model that predicts rate constants from fatty acid distributions in the oil. The predictions of the model closely match the experimentally determined rate constants.
Characterization of Planar Semipolar Gallium Nitride Films on Spinel Substrates (2005)

Specular, planar semipolar gallium nitride films were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. This is the first report of high quality semipolar GaN films that could be used for device growth. Planar films of (10-1-1)GaN have been grown on (100)MgAl 2 O 4 spinel, and planar films of (10-1-3)GaN have been grown on (110)MgAl 2 O 4 spinel. The in-plane epitaxial relationship for (10-1-1)GaN on (100) spinel was [10-1-2] GaN ∥[011] spinel and [1-210] GaN ∥[0-11] spinel . The in-plane epitaxial relationship for (10-1-3)GaN on (110) spinel was [30-3-2] GaN ∥[001] spinel and [1-210] GaN ∥[-110] spinel .
Locked nucleic acidnucleoside triphosphates and polymerases: on the way towards evolution of LNAaptamers (2009)

Abstract Among numerous nucleic acid analogs reported in the past decades, locked nucleic acid (LNA) has received substantial attention and has become a significant tool within chemical biology disciplines like molecular biology research, diagnostics and therapeutic development. However, despite their obvious structurally unique properties, LNA-based aptamers for diagnostic and therapeutic applications remain largely unexplored. Future evolution of LNAoligonucleotideaptamers will depend on scientific breakthroughs relating to enzymatic polymerization using LNAnucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Herein, we highlight recent developments in this direction using various polymerases.
Glucose utilization and lactate production by Helicobacter pylori (1993)

The transport and incorporation of D-glucose into the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori was investigated employing radioactive tracer analysis and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The bacterium was found to utilize D-glucose contrary to the accepted view that it cannot catabolize carbohydrates. Under the experimental conditions employed, the rate of transport of [14C]glucose was 3.24 mmol min-1 (g protein)-1, and the rate of incorporation into the cellular mass was 1.06 mumol h-1 (g protein)-1. The utilization of [13C]glucose showed biphasic characteristics with a slower initial period followed by a phase with a rate of utilization at least an order of magnitude faster. The apparent rates of decline of glucose levels during both phases varied between strains and depended on the growth conditions of the bacteria prior to harvesting. The main product of glucose catabolism was identified as lactate. These findings provide new perspectives into the physiology of H. pylori and have implications for the active search to develop appropriate therapies for the micro-organism.
Cost-Efficacy of Cultured Epidermal Autografts in Massive Pediatric Burns (2000)

Objective To assess the efficacy of cultured epidermal autografts (CEA) for closure of burn wounds in pediatric burn patients with full-thickness burns of more than 90% total body surface area. Summary Background Data Paucity of donor sites in massive burns makes the use of expanded skin of paramount importance. CEA techniques have been used in burned patients with differing and controversial results. The true impact and the efficacy of such techniques in massive burns remain uncertain. Methods Patients with full-thickness burns of more than 90% body surface area treated between May 1988 and May 1998 were studied. Patients grafted with CEA were compared with patients grafted with conventional meshed autografts. Rates of death and complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), hospital cost, acute readmissions for reconstruction, and quality of scars were studied as outcome measures. Results Patients treated with CEA had a better quality of burn scars but incurred a longer LOS and higher hospital costs. Both groups had comparable readmissions for open wounds, but patients treated with CEA required more reconstructive procedures during the first 2 years after the injury. The incidence of sepsis and pneumonia in both groups was comparable. Conclusions Conventional meshed autografts are superior to CEA for containing hospital cost, diminishing LOS, and decreasing the number of readmissions for reconstruction of contractures. However, the use of CEA provides better scar quality such that perhaps future research should focus on bioengineered dermal templates to promote take and diminish long-term fragility.
COMPARISON OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES DURING HYPOTENSION INDUCED BY HALOTHANE AND ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (1982)

Departent of Anesthesiology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA. 90509, and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Los Angeles, Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, 90024.
Asthma : understanding your patient and prescription medication : clinical (2010)

The pharmacist and pharmacist's assistant have a crucial role to fulfill in educating and supporting patients with asthma in order to motivate for the achievement of optimal control of asthma.
Observations and Suggestions on Antidementia Drug Development (1996)

Recent advances in the theoretical neurosciences have suggested a number of novel strategies that might be applied to prevent and/or retard the progression of Alzheimer disease. Whether or not these interventions will succeed cannot be determined on theoretical grounds, however; the value of each new stratagem must be evaluated in patients with Alzheimer disease. How best to conduct clinical studies of disease-modifying treatments remains a controversial subject. The author reviews and compares two clinical trial designs that may prove useful in assessing whether or not a putative treatment actually modifies the course of dementia.
A fluorimetric enzyme assay for the diagnosis of MPS II (Hunter disease) (2001)

4-Methylumbelliferyl-alpha-iduronate 2-sulphate was synthesized and shown to be a specific substrate for the lysosomal iduronate-2-sulphate sulphatase (IDS). Fibroblasts (n = 17), leukocytes (n = 3) and plasmas (n = 9) from different MPS II patients showed < 5% of mean normal IDS activity. The enzymatic liberation of the fluorochrome from 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-iduronate 2-sulphate requires the sequential action of IDS and alpha-iduronidase. A normal level of alpha-iduronidase activity was insufficient to complete the hydrolysis of the reaction intermediate 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-iduronide formed by IDS. A second incubation step in the presence of excess purified alpha-iduronidase is needed to avoid underestimation of the IDS activity.
Localisation of mRNA for JE/MCP-1 and Its Receptor CCR2 in Atherosclerotic Lesions of the ApoE Knockout Mouse (2000)

MCP-1 has potent chemotactic activity for monocytes and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we have used in situ hybridisation to examine the gene expression of JE, the murine homologue of MCP-1, and its receptor, CCR2, during the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the ApoE knockout mouse. Interestingly, the earliest expression of JE detected during lesion development was found to be localised in mesenchymal cells in the adventitia and not in the intima. Macrophages were subsequently found to accumulate in these affected regions of the adventitia and these cells were found to express high levels of JE. At this stage, early macrophage-rich lesions with high expression of JE were also seen in the intima, but expression of mRNA for the receptor for JE (CCR2) was only found on adventitial macrophages and not in the intima. This sequence of events suggests that adventitial inflammation may be an important early event in lesion development and responsible for the subsequent accumulation of macrophages in the intima possibly by recruitment from the adventitia as well as via the vessel lumen.
Albumin−CdTe Nanoparticle Bioconjugates:  Preparation, Structure, and Interunit Energy Transfer with Antenna Effect (2001)

Conjugates of bovine serum albumin and CdTe nanoparticles capped with l-cysteine have been synthesized via a one-pot glutaric dialdehyde cross-linking procedure. Diads (1:1) with some amount of 2:1 albumin−nanoparticle assemblies preferably form in this reaction, as evidenced by gel electrophoresis. Circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrates that the tertiary structure of the protein remains largely intact after the conjugation. Attachment of protein moieties result in a significant increase of CdTe emission, which is attributed to the resonance energy transfer from the tryptophan moieties of albumin to CdTe nanoparticles acting as receptors for the protein antennae.
Full Communism (1987)

In Marx and Marxism, Full Communism is that final state of humanity in which productivity is higher than wants and everyone can help himself in the warehouses (not shops!). Since productivity cannot be unlimited, this entails that wants are limited: a direct contradiction to one of the basic propositions of Western economics. This is only possible because wants have been reduced to needs. Originally a governmental concept, needs are accepted as valid by each consumer, and internalized to become the new wants.
Modulation of Cancer Patients' Immune Responses by Anti-idiotypic Antibodies (1989)

The immunomodulatory role of anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer has been demonstrated in two types of clinical trials. In the first, cancer patients were treated with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) defining a tumor-associated antigen (Ag). MAb administration initiated an idiotypic network as demonstrated by the induction of both Ab2 and anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab3) in the treated patients. The Ab3 bound to tumor cells and isolated tumor Ag with the same specificity as the Mab (Ab1) at the beginning of the idiotypic cascade. A beneficial role of Ab3 is postulated for patients showing delayed clinical responses to MAb therapy. In a recent trial, patients with advanced colorectal cancer responded to immunization with Ab2 that functionally mimicked in vitro and in vivo (animals) a gastrointestinal tumor-associated Ag by developing highly specific Ab3 with anti-tumor binding reactivities. Thus, Ab2 are promising agents in immunotherapy approaches to cancer. These studies suggest an immunoregulatory role for Ab2 in cancer patients. Modulation of cellular immune responses by Ab2 in cancer patients will be an important consideration in future studies.
Synthesis, characterization, and electrical response of phosphazene polyelectrolytes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and electrical response of phosphazene polyelectrolytesS. Ganapathiappan, Kaimin Chen, and D. F. ShriverCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 11, 4091–4095Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00193a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views264Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A brief history of human-computer interaction technology (1998)

The now ubiquitous direct manipulation interface, where visible objects on the screen are directly manipulated with a pointing device, was first demonstrated by Ivan Sutherland in Sketchpad [47], the thesis of his doctoral dissertation in 1963. Sketchpad supported the manipulation of objects using a light pen, including grabbing objects, moving them, changing size, and using constraints. It contained the seeds of myriad important interface ideas.
Experimental validation of a higher dimensional theory of electrical contact resistance (2009)

The increased resistance of a cylindrical conducting channel due to constrictions of various radii and axial lengths was measured experimentally. The experimental data corroborate the higher dimensional contact resistance theory that was recently developed.
Locally Expressed LHRH Receptors Mediate the Oncostatic and Antimetastatic Activity of LHRH Agonists on Melanoma Cells (2002)

Malignant melanoma is a tumor known for its uncontrollable growth and aggressive metastatic behavior. The mean survival time for patients with a metastatic melanoma is estimated to be less than 6 months, tumor cells being refractory to the conventional chemotherapy. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating melanoma growth and progression might help increase the number of therapeutic options for this pathology. In this paper, we have shown that LHRH receptors are present in the BLM melanoma cell line, both at mRNA and at protein level; a potent LHRH agonist (LHRH-A; Zoladex) binds to these receptors with high affinity. BLM cells also express the mRNA for LHRH, indicating the presence of an autocrine LHRH-based system in melanoma cells. The treatment of BLM cells with LHRH-A dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation; this effect was found to be specific because it was completely abrogated by the simultaneous treatment of the cells with a LHRH antagonist. Similar observations could be obtained in another melanoma cell line (Me15392). The activation of LHRH receptors, by means of LHRH-A, also reduced the ability of melanoma cells to invade a reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) and to migrate through a Boyden's chamber in response to a chemotactic stimulus. These data represent the first report that 1) LHRH and LHRH receptors are expressed in melanoma tumor cells; and 2) the activation of tumor LHRH receptors reduces both the proliferation and the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. It is suggested that the expression of LHRH receptors might represent a new diagnostic marker for the detection and progression of melanoma. These receptors might also be considered as a possible molecular target for a hormone-based therapeutic approach to this tumor.