gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A scrambling method based on disturbance of motion vector (2002)

Multimedia data security is very important for multimedia commerce on the Internet such as "pay-per-view" services. Thus, watermarking algorithms for data security appear. These algorithms describe methods and technologies that allow information to be hidden, for example a number or text, into a media, such as images, video, audio files... In this paper, we propose a new application of watermarking based on a scrambling process. In this application, we develop a waterscrambling technique in which video data are scrambled efficiently by disturbing a subset of motion vectors. The interest of this approach is its ability to scramble a video while maintaining a certain visibility. Effectively it permits the use of considerable levels of security in order to choose the level of perceptibility of the video. By using watermarking techniques we will be able to combine this approach with a classical copyright watermarking system.
A capacitorless twin-transistor random access memory (TTRAM) on SOI (2006)

We propose a novel capacitorless twin-transistor random access memory (TTRAM). The 2Mb test device has been fabricated on 130nm SOI-CMOS process. We demonstrate the TTRAM cell has two data-storage states and confirm the data retention time of 100ms at 80/spl deg/C. TTRAM process is compatible with the conventional SOI-CMOS and never requires any additional processes. A 6.1ns row-access time is achieved and 250MHz operation can be realized by using 2bank 8b-burst mode.
Antimicrobial drug discovery: emerging strategies (2012)

<title>Abstract</title> This book, inclusive of 22 chapters, describes novel approaches currently used for antimicrobial drug discovery, focusing on agents for use against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Specific chapters discuss: (1) concepts relevant to drug resistance; (2) microbial mechanisms related to efflux pumps and studies on their potential inhibitors; (3) impact of multidrug tolerance of biofilms and persister cells; (4) bacterial quorum-sensing inhibition; (5) inhibition of the bacterial filamentous temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ); (6) antibacterial properties of lysostaphin; (7) strategies to identify modified ribosomally synthesized antimicrobials; (8) quantitative structure-activity relationship studies of novel antimicrobial peptides; (9) bacterial acetyl-CoA carboxylase and lipopolysacharide as drug targets for antibiotic development; (10) pathosystematic systems biology for the rational design of novel antifungal compounds; (11) specific animal models for novel antimicrobial discovery; and (12) new antimicrobial technology platforms such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and carbon nanotubes.
B cell receptor editing in tolerance and autoimmunity (2011)

Receptor editing is the process of ongoing antibody gene rearrangement in a lymphocyte that already has a functional antigen receptor. The expression of a functional antigen receptor will normally terminate further rearrangement (allelic exclusion). However, lymphocytes with autoreactive receptors have a chance at escaping negative regulation by "editing" the specificities of their receptors with additional antibody gene rearrangements. As such, editing complicates the Clonal Selection Hypothesis because edited cells are not simply endowed for life with a single, invariant antigen receptor. Furthermore, if the initial immunoglobulin gene is not inactivated during the editing process, allelic exclusion is violated and the B cell can exhibit two specificities. Here, we describe the discovery of editing, the pathways of receptor editing at the heavy (H) and light (L) chain loci, and current evidence regarding how and where editing happens and what effects it has on the antibody repertoire.
Embryonal carcinoma cells transfected with ZP3 genes differentially glycosylate similar polypeptides and secrete active mouse sperm receptor. (1991)

Mouse and hamster sperm receptors, called mZP3 (approximately 83,000 Mr) and hZP3 (approximately 56,000 Mr), respectively, are glycoproteins located in the ovulated egg zona pellucida. Certain of the glycoprotein O-linked oligosaccharides are essential for sperm receptor activity. Here, we transfected mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells with mZP3 and hZP3 genes placed under control of a constitutive promoter. Transfected cells synthesized and secreted large amounts of the glycoproteins, called EC-mZP3 and EC-hZP3. Although the primary structures of mZP3 and hZP3 polypeptides (44,000 Mr) are very similar to one another, EC-mZP3 (approximately 83,000 Mr) and EC-hZP3 (approximately 49,000 Mr) were glycosylated to very different extents, such that they resembled their egg counterparts. Like egg mZP3, EC-mZP3 inhibited binding of sperm to ovulated eggs and induced sperm to acrosome-react in vitro. In addition, large numbers of sperm bound to aggregates of mZP3-transfected EC cells in vitro. On the other hand, unlike egg hZP3, EC-hZP3 did not exhibit either sperm receptor or acrosome reaction-inducing activity, and sperm failed to bind to aggregates of hZP3-transfected EC cells. Thus, transfected EC cells not only express sperm receptor genes, but also discriminate between very similar polypeptides with respect to glycosylation and, in the case of mZP3, add specific oligosaccharides essential for biological activity. In addition, the results demonstrate that EC cells can serve as a source for large amounts of functional mouse sperm receptor.
Structural Analogues of Homoeriodictyol as Flavor Modifiers. Part III: Short Chain Gingerdione Derivatives (2008)

In order to find new flavor modifiers, various short chain gingerdione derivatives were synthesized as structural analogues of the known bitter masker homoeriodictyol and evaluated by a sensory panel for masking and sweetness enhancing activities. 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hexa-3,5-dione ([2]-gingerdione) and the homologue 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-3,5-dione ([3]-gingerdione) at concentration ranges 50-500 mg kg (-1) showed the most promising masking activity of 20-30% against bitterness of a 500 mg kg (-1) aqueous caffeine solution. Additionally, both compounds were able to reduce the bitterness of a 5 mg kg (-1) quinine solution by about 20%; however, the bitter tastes of salicine, the model peptide H-Leu-Trp-OH, and KCl solutions were not reduced. Whereas for bitter masking activity a vanillyl moiety seems to be important, some of the tested isovanillyl isomers showed an interesting sweet enhancing effect without exhibiting a significant intrinsic sweetness. The isomer 1-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexa-3,5-dione ([2]-isogingerdione) at 100 mg kg (-1) caused a significant and synergistic increase of 27% of sweet taste of a 5% sucrose solution.
Identification of Staphylococcus aureus and Determination of Methicillin Resistance Directly from Positive Blood Cultures by Isothermal Amplification and a Disposable Detection Device (2008)

A simple, rapid, and user-friendly procedure has been developed to identify Staphylococcus aureus and determine its methicillin resistance directly from gram-positive cocci in cluster-containing blood culture medium. The specimens were diluted and heated prior to amplification of the nuc and mecA genes with isothermal helicase-dependent amplification. Amplicons were detected using a disposable detection device. The analytical sensitivity of the assays was 50 CFU per reaction, and the clinical sensitivity and specificity were both 100% for S. aureus detection and 100% and 98% for methicillin resistance determination, respectively.
Detecting Human Blockage and Device Movement in mmWave Communication System (2011)

The mmWave communication system is operating at a regime with high number of antennas to extend the communication range and to recover the high path loss. Before any communication starts, devices are needed to align their beam pointing angles towards each other. The best beam pointing angles are obtained through BeamForming (BF) training protocol. If the communication environment and devices are stationary, the training results can stay valid for a long period of time. However, the environment is very dynamic. Device movement and human blockage in the link may invalidate the BF training results. Prior work focuses on improving training time when a specific type of errors happens. For example, switching to alternative paths is suggested when human blockage occurs. However, solutions that tackle a type of error are not compatible with others. Therefore, it is important to identify the type of occurring beam errors before applying any remedies. In this paper, we propose a linear dynamical system model to demonstrate the dynamics of the occurring errors due to link blockage and device movement. By using the model, we show that it is hard to estimate the errors purely based on the observable quantity provided. To solve this, we propose two probing protocols that consume very few network resources but are effective in identifying the beam errors as well as correcting them. The simulations show that it effectively handles the beam errors and only consumes 3% of network resources while more than 30% resources are required in the prior work for a fast moving device experiencing occasional link blockage.
Polarization Independent Electro-Optically Tunable Ti:LiNbO3 Filter (1988)

Wavelength multiplexed fiberoptic networks and communication systems require tunable narrowband optical filters that are compatible with single-mode waveguides. In systems where non polarization preserving fibers are used it is essential that the filters operate ; independently of the input polarization. In this paper we propose and demonstrate a novel polarization independent optical filter with single-mode LiNbO3 strip waveguides. The filter has a bandwidth of 12 Å and is electro-optically tunable over at least 110 Å. Two complementary output ports allow operation as a bandpass and as a notch filter.
Artifactual Insulin Release From Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells (2004)

Several recent reports claim the generation of insulin-producing cells from embryonic stem cells via the differentiation of progenitors that express nestin. Here, we investigate further the properties of these insulin-containing cells. We find that although differentiated cells contain immunoreactive insulin, they do not contain proinsulin-derived C-peptide. Furthermore, we find variable insulin release from these cells upon glucose addition, but C-peptide release is never detected. In addition, many of the insulin-immunoreactive cells are undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. We further show that cells cultured in the presence of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, which previously was reported to facilitate the differentiation of insulin(+) cells, are not C-peptide immunoreactive but take up fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin from the culture medium. Together, these data suggest that nestin(+) progenitor cells give rise to a population of cells that contain insulin, not as a result of biosynthesis but from the uptake of exogenous insulin. We conclude that C-peptide biosynthesis and secretion should be demonstrated to claim insulin production from embryonic stem cell progeny.
Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) by bonding and ETCH-back (1985)

A silicon wafer bonding process is described in which only thermally grown oxide is present between wafer pairs. Bonding occurs after insertion into an oxidizing ambient. It is proposed the wafers are drawn into intimate contact as a result of the gaseous oxygen between them being consumed by oxidation, thus producing a partial vacuum. The proposed bonding mechanism is polymerization of silanol bonds between wafer pairs. A preferential etch-back process is used to produce Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) whose electrical quality is equal to that of bulk silicon. Capacitor measurements show a 27 µsec minority carrier lifetime and low Q <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ss</inf> at the SOI-"bottom oxide" interface, in addition, there is negligible charge within the bonding oxide. N-channel and p-channel FET devices show threshold voltages and mobilities equal to bulk controls. The subthreshold leakage is less than 1 fA per micron of channel width.
Experimental Investigation of the Interaction of Water and Methanol with Anatase−TiO2(101) (2003)

The interaction of water and methanol with well-defined (1 × 1) terminated surfaces of anatase-TiO2(101) were investigated with temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For water, three desorption states were observed in the TPD spectra at 160, 190, and 250 K. The three desorption peaks were assigned to multilayer water, water adsorbed to 2-fold-coordinated O, and water adsorbed to 5-fold-coordinated Ti, respectively. The TPD spectra for methanol were more complicated. For methanol, five desorption peaks were observed in the TPD spectra at 135, 170, 260, 410, and 610 K. The five desorption peaks were assigned to multilayer methanol, methanol adsorbed to 2-fold-coordinated O, methanol adsorbed to 5-fold-coordinated Ti, methoxy adsorbed to 5-fold-coordinated Ti, and methoxy adsorbed to Ti at step edges, respectively. The XPS results indicated that the adsorbed water and methanol were predominantly bound to the surface in a molecular state, with no evidence for dissociation. Furthermore, the O 1s core-level binding energies for water and methanol were found to shift to an ∼0.75 eV lower binding energy for coverages before multilayer desorption is observed in the TPD spectra. The O 1s core-level binding-energy shift appears to be linear in this region and corresponds to water and methanol bonding to Ti cation and O anion sites on the surface. The C 1s core-level binding energy for methanol was found to remain approximately constant in the same coverage regime.
BRAF V600E mutation and the tumour suppressor IGFBP7 in atypical genital naevi (2009)

The prevalence of BRAF V600E in AGN suggests that ultraviolet exposure is not essential for generating the mutation. The BRAF V600E mutational status appears to be of limited diagnostic utility in distinguishing genital naevi that exhibit atypia from those that do not. Similar to oncogenic BRAF-positive common naevi without atypia, enhanced expression of the tumour suppressor IGFBP7 in oncogenic BRAF-positive AGN supports that they are biologically inert.
QoS guaranteed wireless LAN-wireless access to ATM (2002)

The wireless ATM (WATM) has been studied intensely. While different WATM demonstration networks are carried out all over the world, the commercial IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) is competing for more consumers with the wired LAN. If some modifications and extra protocols are applied to the WLAN, the quality of service (QoS) of different services is guaranteed. This is a practical way to achieve wireless access to ATM. The essence and model of the media access control (MAC) protocol are given. The authors present the detailed process to improve the WLAN for the access to ATM network.
Assembly of Nanocrystal Arrays by Block‐Copolymer‐Directed Nucleation (2009)

Growing in line: The surface chemistry of self-assembled nanostructured block copolymers is used to control the sites at which semiconducting metal sulfide nanocrystals nucleate and grow on a surface directly from aqueous solutions. This process is a new and general strategy for the bottom-up assembly of functional nanocrystalline materials for a variety of applications.
Reduction Rate of the Iron Ores in the Fluidized-Bed Reactor (1964)

The following equation concern ing the redllclion rate of iron ores in the fluidized-bed reactor has been jJfesent,d.
Modeling the benefits of mixed data and task parallelism (1995)

Article Modeling the benefits of mixed data and task parallelism Share on Authors: Soumen Chakrabarti Computer Science Division, U. C. Berkeley, CA Computer Science Division, U. C. Berkeley, CAView Profile , James Demmel Computer Science Division and Mathematics Department, U. C. Berkeley, CA Computer Science Division and Mathematics Department, U. C. Berkeley, CAView Profile , Katherine Yelick Computer Science Division, U. C. Berkeley, CA Computer Science Division, U. C. Berkeley, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SPAA '95: Proceedings of the seventh annual ACM symposium on Parallel algorithms and architecturesJuly 1995 Pages 74–83https://doi.org/10.1145/215399.215423Online:20 July 1995Publication History 50citation475DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations50Total Downloads475Last 12 Months22Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Characterization of the epoxide hydrolase from an epichlorohydrin‐degrading Pseudomonas sp. (1991)

An epoxide hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from the epichlorohydrin-utilizing bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain AD1. The enzyme was found to be a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 35 kDa. With epichlorohydrin as the substrate, the enzyme followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a Km value of 0.3 mM and a Vmax of 34 mumol.min-1.mg protein-1. The epoxide hydrolase catalyzed the hydrolysis of several epoxides, including epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, epoxyoctane and styrene epoxide. With all chiral compounds tested, both stereoisomers were converted. Amino acid sequencing of cyanogen bromide-generated peptides did not yield sequences with similarities to other known proteins.
Mathematically modeling fixed-bed adsorption in aqueous systems (2013)

Adsorption is one of the widely used processes in the chemical industry environmental application. As compared to mathematical models proposed to describe batch adsorption in terms of isotherm and kinetic behavior, insufficient models are available to describe and predict fixed-bed or column adsorption, though the latter one is the main option in practical application. The present review first provides a brief summary on basic concepts and mathematic models to describe the mass transfer and isotherm behavior of batch adsorption, which dominate the column adsorption behavior in nature. Afterwards, the widely used models developed to predict the breakthrough curve, i.e., the general rate models, linear driving force (LDF) model, wave propagation theory model, constant pattern model, Clark model, Thomas model, Bohart-Adams model, Yoon-Nelson model, Wang model, Wolborska model, and modified dose-response model, are briefly introduced from the mechanism and mathematical viewpoint. Their basic characteristics, including the advantages and inherit shortcomings, are also discussed. This review could help those interested in column adsorption to reasonably choose or develop an accurate and convenient model for their study and practical application.
The Possible Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α in Diabetic Polyneuropathy (2003)

In this review, the authors provide evidences that imply the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, especially diabetic polyneuropathy. Under chronic hyperglycemia, endogenous TNF-alpha production is accelerated in microvascular and neural tissues, which may undergo an increased microvascular permeability, hypercoagulability, and nerve damage, thus initiating and promoting the development of characteristic lesions of diabetic microangiopathy and polyneuropathy. Enhanced TNF-alpha production may also promote atherosclerosis due to increased insulin resistance and the expression of adhesion molecules. Clinical application of specific agents that suppress production and/or activity of TNF-alpha may inhibit the development and exacerbation of chronic diabetic complications.
Mutant Gene That Changes Protein Composition and Increases Lysine Content of Maize Endosperm (1964)

Preliminary tests have shown that the endosperms of maize seeds homozygous for the opaque-2 mutant gene have a higher lysine content than normal kernels. As a critical test, a backcross progeny was divided into opaque-2 and normal kernels, the endosperms separated, and the amino acids determined. The opaque-2 endosperms had a different amino acid pattern and 69 percent more lysine than the normal seeds. The major reason for these changes is the synthesis of proteins with a greater content of basic amino acids in the acid-soluble fraction of the mutant endosperm. This is accompanied by a reduction in the ratio of zein to glutelin.
Multi-cue pedestrian classification with partial occlusion handling (2010)

This paper presents a novel mixture-of-experts framework for pedestrian classification with partial occlusion handling. The framework involves a set of component-based expert classifiers trained on features derived from intensity, depth and motion. To handle partial occlusion, we compute expert weights that are related to the degree of visibility of the associated component. This degree of visibility is determined by examining occlusion boundaries, i.e. discontinuities in depth and motion. Occlusion-dependent component weights allow to focus the combined decision of the mixture-of-experts classifier on the unoccluded body parts. In experiments on extensive real-world data sets, with both partially occluded and non-occluded pedestrians, we obtain significant performance boosts over state-of-the-art approaches by up to a factor of four in reduction of false positives at constant detection rates. The dataset is made public for benchmarking purposes.
Activation of human monocytes/macrophages by hypo-osmotic shock (2001)

Phagocytosis and secretion of interleukins and growth factors put the macrophage in the centre of the wound healing process. For the last four years over 400 human ulcers have been treated in elderly and paraplegic patients by local application of monocytes prepared from a blood unit, in a unique, closed, sterile system. The process of preparation includes a step of hypo-osmotic shock, which induces monocyte/macrophage activation. This is different from any other known method of activation. In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of the hypo-osmotic shock. We found enhanced levels of IL-1 (P = 0.004) and IL-6 (P = 0.001) in the incubation medium (100% autologous serum) of the activated cells, as compared with controls, prepared in the same system. The IL-1 reached a plateau after 6 and 12 h incubation at 37 degrees C, in both experimental and control incubation medium. The level of IL-6 was further elevated after 12 and 24 h incubation in experimental and control incubation mediums (P = 0.001). The phagocytosis of fluorescent beads was markedly enhanced after hypo-osmotic shock (P = 0.005). The osmotic shock induced macrophages were compared to those stimulated with LPS, and osmotic shock was proved to be at least as efficient method of stimulation as LPS.