gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural study of entry of Chlamydia strain TWAR into HeLa cells (1988)

Ultrastructural studies of the entry of Chlamydia strain TWAR into HeLa cells showed that the elementary bodies first attach to host cells by the pointed end, secure other binding sites on the host cells by forming cell wall protrusions, enter host cells by invaginating the host cell membrane, and form vacuolated endocytic vesicles. Differences were demonstrated between TWAR and other chlamydiae in the mode of attachment and endocytosis.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor and leukemia inhibitory factor promote the generation, maturation and survival of oligodendrocytes in vitro (1994)

We have found that CNTF and LIF are pleiotropic modulators of development in the O-2A lineage. Both molecules enhanced the generation of oligodendrocytes in cultures of dividing O-2A progenitors. CNTF and LIF also promoted oligodendrocyte maturation, as determined by expression of myelin basic protein, and could promote oligodendrocyte survival to an extent comparable with insulin-like growth factor-1 or insulin. In addition, LIF and CNTF both promoted the differentiation of O-2A progenitors into type-2 astrocytes but only when applied in the presence of extracellular matrix (EnMx) derived from cultures of endothelial cells. The ability of CNTF and LIF to enhance differentiation of O-2A progenitors along either of the alternative pathways of oligodendrocyte and astrocyte differentiation suggests that these proteins are able to enhance the process of differentiation per se, while the actual path of differentiation promoted is determined by the presence or absence of additional molecules in the extracellular environment.
Safety and Immunogenicity of the Merck Adenovirus Serotype 5 (MRKAd5) and MRKAd6 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Trigene Vaccines Alone and in Combination in Healthy Adults (2009)

Preexisting immunity to adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) diminishes immune responses to vaccines using Ad5 as a vector. Alternate Ad serotypes as vaccine vectors might overcome Ad5-specific neutralizing antibodies and enhance immune responses in populations with a high prevalence of Ad5 immunity. To test this hypothesis, healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative adults were enrolled in a blinded, randomized, dose-escalating, placebo-controlled study. In part A, subjects with baseline Ad6 titers of < or = 18 received the Merck Ad6 (MRKAd6) HIV type 1 (HIV-1) trigene vaccine at weeks 0, 4, and 26. In part B, subjects stratified by Ad5 titers (< or = 200 or >200) and Ad6 titers (< or = 18 or >18) received the MRKAd5-plus-MRKAd6 (MRKAd5+6) HIV-1 trigene vaccine at weeks 0, 4, and 26. Immunogenicity was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay at week 30. No serious adverse events occurred. MRKAd6 trigene vaccine recipients responded more often to Nef than to Gag or Pol. In part A, ELISPOT response rates to > or = 2 vaccine antigens were 14%, 63%, and 71% at 10(9), 10(10), and 10(11) viral genomes (vg)/dose, respectively. All responders had positive Nef-specific ELISPOT results. In part B, Nef-ELISPOT response rates at 10(10) vg/dose of the MRKAd5+6 trigene vaccine were 50% in the low-Ad5/low-Ad6 stratum (n = 8), 78% in the low-Ad5/high-Ad6 stratum (n = 9), 75% in the high-Ad5/low-Ad6 stratum (n = 8), and 44% in the high-Ad5/high-Ad6 stratum (n = 9). The MRKAd6 and MRKAd5+6 trigene vaccines elicited dose-dependent responses predominantly to Nef and were generally well tolerated, indicating that Ad6 should be considered a candidate vector for future vaccines. Although small sample sizes limit the conclusions that can be drawn from this exploratory study, combining two Ad vectors may be a useful vaccine strategy for circumventing isolated immunity to a single Ad serotype.
[Intensive care and respiratory sleep disorders]. (1999)

The study of respiratory sleep disorders in intensive care is a developing field. Indeed sleep pathology concerns not only pneumologists and neurophysiologists but also numerous specialties including medicosurgical resuscitation. The advent of "portable" appliances should facilitate access to polysomnography (PSG) for diagnosis of sleep respiratory disorders (RDS) in the intensive care unit. This examination can be appropriate in two separate circumstances. RDS in life-threatening situations (generally respiratory and/or cardiac failure) or when RDS is worsened by the specific conditions of intensive care units: "intensive care-induced RDS". In both cases, easy diagnosis of RDS by PSG allows adjustment of the treatment (corrections of iatrogenic factors, continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP], noninvasive ventilation [NIV], oxygen [O2]. A specific treatment of the well documented RDS is most desirable, as the patients are considered to be at high risk for endotracheal intubation. If diagnosis of RDS is not made during the acute phase, the intensive care physician should be informed of the clinical and paraclinical elements leading to prescription of a delayed polysomnography in order to reduce the risk of further vital distress.
Polymer immobilized enzyme optrodes for the detection of penicillin (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymer immobilized enzyme optrodes for the detection of penicillinThomas J. Kulp, Irene. Camins, Stanley M. Angel, Christiane. Munkholm, and David R. WaltCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 24, 2849–2853Publication Date (Print):December 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 December 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00151a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views225Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The poly(C) region affects progression of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Langerhans' islets but not in the myocardium (1997)

The diabetogenic variant PV2 of encephalomyocarditis virus was cloned, and three recombinants differing in their 5' poly(C) tracts were analyzed. It is shown that the poly(C) region is not essential for infectivity in mice but does influence the virus load and degree of pathological lesions within the Langerhans' islets but not in the myocardium.
Kindling: Separate vs. Shared Mechanisms in Affective Disorders and Epilepsy (1998)

Kindling is discussed in relation to affective illness as a nonhomologous model, which shares the feature of increasing illness severity and evolution over time following repeated exposures to certain forms of stimulation. This progressive aspect of kindling has proven useful in the study of approaches to pharmacotherapeutics, mechanisms and characteristics of drug tolerance, and, most recently, illness suppression through physiological rather than pharmacological strategies. Each of these themes is described and the mechanisms that have been uncovered using the kindling model are discussed in relation to how similar principles might apply in affective illness or epilepsy. It is hoped that some of the lessons from the kindling model will provide useful and novel insights into aspects of treatment and mechanisms of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses.
Renin, Prorenin, and Immunoreactive Renin in Vitreous Fluid From Eyes With and Without Diabetic Retinopathy (1989)

Renin, prorenin, and immunoreactive renin were present in vitreous and subretinal fluid of eyes from subjects with and without diabetic retinopathy. Renin substrate, albumin, transferrin, and immunoglobin G were also found in these ocular fluids. In many samples renin levels were close to the detection limit of the assay. The levels of renin substrate, albumin, transferrin, and immunoglobulin G varied widely among ocular fluid samples, but in each individual sample the levels were, relative to each other, similar to those in plasma. In contrast, the prorenin level in ocular fluid was up to 100 times higher than expected on the basis of the plasma protein content of ocular fluid. Moreover, there was little difference in prorenin concentrations between samples with low and high plasma protein contents. Prorenin, relative to albumin and other plasma proteins, was higher in vitreous fluid from eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by traction retinal detachment than in eyes of nondiabetic subjects with spontaneous retinal detachment. It appears that prorenin (and possibly renin) in ocular fluid is controlled by an active and specific process, possibly local synthesis within the eye. In view of the vascular actions of angiotensin II, an intraocular renin-angiotensin system may play a role in diabetic retinopathy.
Remote MIB item look-up service (2001)

Despite some deficiencies, the Internet management framework is widely deployed and thousands of Management Information Base (MIB) modules have been defined thus far. These modules are used by implementors of agent software, as well as by managers and management applications, to understand the syntax and semantics of the management information that may be exchanged. At the manager&amp;apos;s side, MIB modules are usually stored in separate files, which are maintained by the human manager and read by the management application. Since maintenance of this file repository can be cumbersome, management applications are often confronted with incomplete and outdated information. To solve this &amp;quot;meta-management&amp;quot; problem, this paper discusses the design of a remote look-up service for MIB item definitions. Such service facilitates the retrieval of missing MIB module definitions, as well as definitions of individual MIB items. Initially the service may be provided by a single server, but other servers can be added at later stages to improve performance and prevent copyright problems. It is envisaged that vendors of network equipment will also install servers, to distribute their vendor specific MIBs. The paper describes how the service, which is provided on a best effort basis, can be accessed by managers / management applications, and how internally servers inform each other about the MIB modules they support. Keywords: Internet management, Management Information Base, MIB module, meta-management 1
L2.5: Late‐News Paper: Field‐Emitter Array Cathode‐Ray Tube (FEA‐CRT) (1999)

Abstract We developed CRTs with FEAs as electron guns, i.e, FEA‐CRTs, and realized them as high definition and bright monitors for the first time. The FEAs' features such as high‐current‐density beam, heaterless cathode and low drive voltage clearly demonstrate FEA‐CRTs' superiority to conventional hot cathode CRTs.
Haemophilia B: database of point mutations and short additions and deletions--eighth edition (1998)

The eighth edition of the haemophilia B database (http://www.umds.ac. uk/molgen/haemBdatabase.htm ) lists in an easily accessible form all known factor IX mutations due to small changes (base substitutions and short additions and/or deletions of <30 bp) identified in haemophilia B patients. The 1713 patient entries are ordered by the nucleotide number of their mutation. Where known, details are given on: factor IX activity, factor IX antigen in circulation, presence of inhibitor and origin of mutation. References to published mutations are given and the laboratories generating the data are indicated.
Biology of Human Alkaline Phosphatases with Special Reference to Cancer (1995)

The current information on the cloning and sequencing of four alkaline phosphatase genes (PLAP, GCAP, IAP, TNAP) has been reviewed. It has provided insights into their evolutionary history and the mechanisms of catalysis and of uncompetitive inhibition. The oncodevelopmental biology of the germ cell and its excessive GCAP eutopic expression in neoplasia are noted, and there is reason to suggest that the enzyme may serve to guide migratory cells and to transport specific molecules such as fat and immunoglobulins across membranes. The hyperexpression of all four genes has been observed in various human tumors and in their cell lines, particularly cancers of the testis and ovary. The membrane APs have been investigated as targets for immunolocalization and immunotherapy.
Control of Cell Growth. III. Direct Mitogenic Effect of Thyroid Hormones on an Estrogen-Dependent Rat Pituitary Tumor Cell Line2 (1976)

A possible direct estrogen requirement for growth of GH3/C14 rat pituitary tumor cells was evaluated in culture medium supplemented with estrogen-depleted serum prepared by a 56 degree C charcoal extraction procedure, and with serum obtained from ovariectomized sheep and ovariectomized adrenalectomized sheep. Growth of the GH3/C14 cells in culture medium in which the final estrogen concentration was 2 pg/ml or less was equal to growth in medium with normal serum and equal to growth in the presence of estrogen-depleted serum to which estradiol was added back at concentrations of 10-1,000 pg/ml. Under no conditions could a direct estrogen requirement for growth be demonstrated. The function of thyroid hormones in cell growth was examined in culture medium supplemented with serum from thyroidectomized sheep. In such medium the growth of the GH3/C14 cells was stimulated 3.5-fold by addition of 1.0 X 10(-8) M L-thyroxine (T4) or 1.0 X 10(-9) m L-triiodothyronine (T3). Investigation of the possible synergistic effects of estrogens and T4 revealed that combinations of estrogen and T4 or T3 did not stimulate growth over that seen with T4 or T3 alone. These data indicated that estrogens are not direct growth requirements for these cells but instead operate in vivo through secondary or indirect mechanisms; in contrast, thyroid hormones are directly mitogenic in vitro.
Cardiomyocytes Obtained From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells With Long-QT Syndrome 3 Recapitulate Typical Disease-Specific Features In Vitro (2011)

We demonstrate that disease-specific iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes from an LQTS 3 mouse model with a human mutation recapitulate the typical pathophysiological phenotype in vitro. Thus, this method is a powerful tool to investigate disease mechanisms in vitro and to perform patient-specific drug screening.
Biofunctional Textiles and the Skin (2006)

In recent years the development of new technologies has permitted the production of 'functional' or 'smart' textiles. These fabrics are capable of sensing changes in environmental conditions or body functions and are adequately responding to them. They are able to absorb substances from the skin or to release therapeutic or cosmetic compounds. For
Central Nervous System Expression of IL-10 Inhibits Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2001)

Multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the CNS currently lacks an effective therapy. We show here that CNS inflammation and clinical disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an experimental model of multiple sclerosis, could be prevented completely by a replication-defective adenovirus vector expressing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (replication-deficient adenovirus expressing human IL-10), but only upon inoculation into the CNS where local infection and high IL-10 levels were achieved. High circulating levels of IL-10 produced by i. v. infection with replication-deficient adenovirus expressing human IL-10 was ineffective, although the immunological pathways for disease are initiated in the periphery in this disease model. In addition to this protective activity, intracranial injection of replication-deficient adenovirus expressing human IL-10 to mice with active disease blocked progression and accelerated disease remission. In a relapsing-remitting disease model, IL-10 gene transfer during remission prevented subsequent relapses. These data help explain the varying outcomes previously reported for systemic delivery of IL-10 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and show that, for optimum therapeutic activity, IL-10 must either access the CNS from the peripheral circulation or be delivered directly to it by strategies including the gene transfer described here.
OFDM based high-speed wireless access for Internet applications (2002)

We present physical and MAC layer techniques for high-speed wireless access to the Internet based on OFDM. Using dynamic packet assignment (DPA) for interference avoidance based on two examples of resource definition with different time and frequency units, we demonstrate that OFDM has significant flexibility to provide high transmission rates on demand with different available bandwidths. Innovations in radio link design, such as joint channel estimation and maximum likelihood decoding as well as interference suppression can be readily applied to coded OFDM systems. Significant performance gain in packet data throughput is realized in a system with aggressive frequency reuse.
NF B activity, function, and target-gene signatures in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes (2005)

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (MLBCL) shares important clinical and molecular features with classic Hodgkin lymphoma, including nuclear localization of the nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) subunit c-REL (reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog) in a pilot series. Herein, we analyzed c-REL subcellular localization in additional primary MLBCLs and characterized NFkappaB activity and function in a MLBCL cell line. The new primary MLBCLs had prominent c-REL nuclear staining, and the MLBCL cell line exhibited high levels of NFkappaB binding activity. MLBCL cells expressing a superrepressor form of inhibitor of kappa B alpha signaling (IkappaB alpha) had a markedly higher rate of apoptosis, implicating constitutive NFkappaB activity in MLBCL cell survival. The transcriptional profiles of newly diagnosed primary MLBCLs and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) were then used to characterize the NFkappaB target gene signatures of MLBCL and specific DLBCL subtypes. MLBCLs expressed increased levels of NFkappaB targets that promote cell survival and favor antiapoptotic tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) signaling. In contrast, activated B cell (ABC)-like DLBCLs had a more restricted, potentially developmentally regulated, NFkappaB target gene signature. Of interest, the newly characterized host response DLBCL subtype had a robust NFkappaB target gene signature that partially overlapped that of primary MLBCL. In this large series of primary MLBCLs and DLBCLs, NFkappaB activation was not associated with amplification of the cREL locus, suggesting alternative pathogenetic mechanisms.
A Human Hair Keratin Hydrogel Scaffold Enhances Median Nerve Regeneration in Nonhuman Primates: An Electrophysiological and Histological Study (2013)

A human hair keratin biomaterial hydrogel scaffold was evaluated as a nerve conduit luminal filler following median nerve transection injury in 10 Macaca fascicularis nonhuman primates (NHP). A 1 cm nerve gap was grafted with a NeuraGen® collagen conduit filled with either saline or keratin hydrogel and nerve regeneration was evaluated by electrophysiology for a period of 12 months. The keratin hydrogel-grafted nerves showed significant improvement in return of compound motor action potential (CMAP) latency and recovery of baseline nerve conduction velocity (NCV) compared with the saline-treated nerves. Histological evaluation was performed on retrieved median nerves and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles at 12 months. Nerve histomorphometry showed a significantly larger nerve area in the keratin group compared with the saline group and the keratin APB muscles had a significantly higher myofiber density than the saline group. This is the first published study to show that an acellular biomaterial hydrogel conduit filler can be used to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration and motor recovery in an NHP model.
Application of a Fed-Batch System To Produce RNA by In Vitro Transcription (1999)

A novel fed-batch method is presented for the production of RNA by in vitro transcription performed in a stirred-cell reactor with pH-controlled addition of reaction components. Solution equilibrium analysis is applied to determine the ratios of feed components (including nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs), magnesium salt, and base) which allow the desired NTP concentrations, free magnesium concentration, and pH to be maintained during the reaction. Results are presented for fed-batch and batch reactions performed with two DNA templates encoding a 12mer RNA and a 38mer RNA. For the dodecamer RNA, the fed-batch mode is only modestly better than batch reactions, with no significant increase in the efficiency of NTP incorporation but with 40% improvement in the amount of RNA produced per unit of polymerase or DNA. For the 38mer, fed-batch transcription provides a substantial increase in the efficiency of NTP incorporation and 100% improvement in the production of RNA per unit of polymerase or DNA. Cost analyses are presented which show how optimal NTP concentrations in batch and fed-batch reactions will be dependent on the relative costs of NTPs, T7 RNA polymerase, and DNA templates for the particular application. The use of a fed-batch mode appears to have the potential for substantial improvement in the economics of RNA production for at least some RNA sequences.
Clinical evaluation of erythrocytosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. (1994)

Base on our findings, detection of erythrocytosis in a patient with HCC would indicate the presence of a large tumor burden, and high serum levels of both AFP and erythropoietin should be associated with this paraneoplastic syndrome.
Prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in rats by an antibody against monocyte chemotactic and activating factor/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. (1999)

MCAF (monocyte chemotactic and activating factor)/MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) is an important mediator of monocyte recruitment to inflammatory sites. However, its pathophysiologic role in myocardial reperfusion injury remains unknown. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized, and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for an hour, after which the ligature was released. Northern blotting analysis revealed that MCAF/MCP-1 mRNA expression increased 16-fold in the reperfused region at 12 hours after reperfusion. MCAF/MCP-1 concentration in plasma and the heart was already elevated after hour of ischemia in this model. Goat polyclonal antibodies were prepared by repeated immunization of animals with purified, recombinant rat MCAF/MCP-1, and the neutralizing activities of this antibody were confirmed by monocyte chemotaxis assay and administration to rats with crescentic glomerulonephritis. Intravenous injection of anti-MCAF/MCP-1 antibody significantly reduced the infarct size at 24 hours after reperfusion compared with the injection of control IgG (33.9 +/- 5.1% vs 49.4 +/- 2.7% of ischemic area, mean +/- SEM). Administration of this antibody markedly decreased the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA expression and infiltration of macrophages, which suggested the pathophysiologic role of MCAF/MCP-1. Neutralization of MCAF/MCP-1 is beneficial by preventing reperfusion injury in a rat model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.