gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
De-biased dart ensemble model for personalized recommendation (2017)

Personalized recommendation aims to use the historical behavior of users to recommend new items that are likely to be of interest to them. Due to a tiny improvement of it can lead to a huge profits, lots of giant e-commerce companies, such as Amazon, Alibaba and eBay, have put their great effort on this field. In this paper, we formulate the problem of personalized recommendation as a tree based regression task and present a de-biased DART ensemble model. To generate compact personalized profile of user, a decision tree based sparse encoding approach is first proposed to refine those raw behaviors, like clicks, views, and purchases from user-item interaction. Considering the problem of class imbalance in training the predictive models, resampling based de-biased DART model is utilized to form multiple weak predictors for recommendation. Thus, based on these learnt weak predictors, a stronger predictor can be built. Experimental results on real commercial dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed personalized recommendation model.
A COMPARISON OF CYTOLOGY AND FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION FOR THE DETECTION OF UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA (2000)

The sensitivity of FISH for the detection of urothelial carcinoma is superior to that of cytology, and the specificity of FISH and cytology for urothelial carcinoma are not significantly different. Further prospective studies are required but FISH has the potential to improve significantly the management of urothelial carcinoma.
Configuration‐Odor Relationships in 5β‐Ambrox (1990)

Abstract The four possible A/B cis ‐fused diastereoisomers of Ambrox ® have been synthesized and their configurations and conformations established by X‐ray and NMR analysis. Only 5β‐ambrox (= 1,2,3a,4,5,5β,6,7,8,9,9a,9bα‐dodecahydro‐3aβ,6,6,9aβ‐tetramethylnaphtho[2,1‐ b ]furan; 5 ) has an odor quality comparable to Ambrox ®. The 1,3‐synperiplanar/diaxial conformation of the substituents at C(8) ( = C(3a)) and C(10) (= C(9a)) has thus been confirmed to be a compulsory structure element for the particular odor.
Differential phosphodiesterase expression and cytosolic Ca2+ in human CNS tumour cells and in non‐malignant and malignant cells of rat origin (2005)

A promising attempt in the field of tumour therapy is the modulation of intracellular, proliferation-associated signalling pathways. The role of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs), key enzymes in cAMP/cGMP signal transduction, was investigated in two human CNS tumour cell lines as well as in the rat glioblastoma cell line C6 in comparison with rat cerebellar astrocytes with the emphasis on target evaluation. We found differential PDE expression patterns in human CNS tumour cell lines as well as in CNS cells of rat origin. In human glioblastoma cells, intracellular cAMP and Ca(2+) levels correlated well with the PDE expression pattern. There were, however, marked differences in PDE expression and Ca(2+) kinetics between the human glioblastoma cell lines. In contrast to human epithelial tumour cells, shown earlier by us to express significantly enhanced cAMP-specific PDE activity, this was not the case in rat glioblastoma cells compared with non-malignant rat astrocytes. Despite different levels of PDE1 and PDE4 expression and activity, cyclic nucleotide and Ca(2+) levels in non-malignant and malignant rat CNS cells were similar. These in vitro data do not support the concept of PDE1C representing a target exploitable for drug treatment of malignant CNS tumours.
Actinomycine, XVIII. Antibiotica aus Actinomyceten, XXXIX. Abbau von Actinomycin C zu Actinocinin und Desamino‐actinocinyl‐threonin (1958)

Abstract Aus Actinomycin C ließ sich mit Salzsäure der desaminierte Actinomycin‐Chromophor als kristallisiertes, rotes, Actinocinin genanntes Abbauprodukt C 15 H 11 NO 5 abspalten, dessen funktionelle Gruppen ermittelt wurden. Daneben konnte ein zweites kristallisiertes, rotes Spaltstück gefaßt werden, das neben dem Ringsystem des Actinocinins noch einen Threoninrest enthält.
THE MAJOR SITE OF GUINEA‐PIG MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN ENCEPHALITOGENIC IN LEWIS RATS12 (1977)

Abstract— In the Lewis rat, fragment 43–88 of the highly encephalitogenic guinea‐pig basic protein has been previously shown to retain the full activity of the parent protein. In the present studies this fragment was subjected to controlled chymotryptic digestion so that cleavage occurred only at tyrosine 67, generating two peptides, residues 43‐67 and residues 68‐88. When compared on an equimolar basis peptide 68‐88 had the same encephalitogenic activity as the intact fragment and induced the same degree of immunologically specific cell response as measured by the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation test. Peptide 68‐88 was further fragmented by selective tryptic cleavage at arginine 78 after blocking lysine 73 with citraconic anhydride. The two peptides, residues 68‐78 and residues 79‐88, were not encephalitogenic, indicating that residues adjacent to the point of cleavage contribute to the active site.
Mechanisms of Androgen-Refractory Prostate Cancer (2004)

Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death among men and the seventh most common cause of death in the United States overall. Most prostate cancers are androgen-dependent, meaning that they respond to androgen-ablation therapy. However, these tumors eventually become androgen-independent and grow despite androgen ablation. When prostate cancer is localized in the prostate, the treatment of choice is prostatectomy or irradiation. However, when the tumor relapses or is already metastatic at diagnosis, therapy is problematic. Androgen ablation has been the main option for unconfined disease for more than 50 years, since Clarence V. Hodges and Charles B. Huggins . . .
A wireless sensing platform utilizing ambient RF energy (2013)

An ambient RF energy harvesting sensor node with onboard sensing and communication functionality was developed and tested. The minimal RF input power required for sensor node operation was -18 dBm (15.8 μW). Using a 6 dBi receive antenna, the most sensitive RF harvester was shown to operate at a distance of 10.4 km from a 1 MW UHF television broadcast transmitter, and over 200 m from a cellular base transceiver station. A complete ambient RF-powered prototype was constructed which measured temperature and light level and wirelessly transmitted these measurements.
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist ameliorates experimental anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-associated glomerulonephritis. (1994)

The contribution of IL-1 to leukocyte infiltration in anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody (Ab) glomerulonephritis (GN) was examined by the administration of a specific IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Lewis rats received anti-GBM Ab or normal rabbit serum and were treated with either 0.9% saline or 6 mg IL-1ra over a 24-h time period. Plasma IL-1ra concentration was 2,659 +/- 51 ng/ml 4 h after anti-GBM Ab and IL-1ra administration. PMN and monocyte/macrophage infiltration declined 39% (9.8 +/- 1.9 to 6.0 +/- 1.5 PMN/glomerulus, P < 0.001) and 29% (4.9 +/- 0.8 to 3.5 +/- 0.8 ED-1 cells/glomerulus, P = 0.002) with IL-1ra treatment at 4 h, respectively. Similarly, the number of glomerular cells staining for lymphocyte function-associated molecule-1 beta (CD18) declined 39% from 16.7 +/- 1.9 to 10.7 +/- 1.6 cells/glomerulus at 4 h (P = 0.0001). This was associated with a decrease in glomerular intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. The mean glomerular intracellular adhesion molecule-1 score in anti-GBM Ab GN rats treated with IL-1ra was less than that of rats administered anti-GBM Ab and 0.9% saline at 4 (2.0 +/- 0.2 vs 2.5 +/- 0.2, P < 0.05) and 24 (2.5 +/- 0.1 vs 3.1 +/- 0.2, P = 0.0001) h. These immunopathologic changes correlated with a 50% reduction in proteinuria from 147 +/- 34 to 75 +/- 25 mg/d (P < 0.002). Treatment with IL-1ra did not affect the steady state mRNA expression of either IL-1 beta or TNF alpha. An increase in the IL-1ra dose to 30 mg given within the initial 4 h provided no additional benefit. The decline in PMN and monocyte/macrophage infiltration of the glomerulus at 4 h was similar to that found in the initial study. Furthermore, the protective benefit of IL-1ra was abrogated by doubling the dose of the anti-GBM Ab GN, despite administering high dose IL-1ra (30 mg). In these studies, detectable IL-1ra was found in the serum of untreated anti-GBM Ab GN controls. These data suggest a positive yet limited role for IL-1ra in the therapeutic intervention of anti-GBM Ab GN.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Periodontal Pathogens (2014)

Current treatments for periodontitis (e.g., scaling/root planing and chlorhexidine) have limited efficacy since they fail to suppress microbial biofilms satisfactorily over time, and the use of adjunctive antimicrobials can promote the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms. Herein, we report the novel application of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing scaffolds (i.e., dendrimers and silica particles) as anti-periodontopathogenic agents. The effectiveness of macromolecular NO release was demonstrated by a 3-log reduction in periodontopathogenic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis viability. In contrast, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, caries-associated organisms, were substantially less sensitive to NO treatment. Both dendrimer- and silica-based NO release exhibited substantially less toxicity to human gingival fibroblasts at concentrations necessary to eradicate periodontopathogens than did clinical concentrations of chlorhexidine. These results suggest the potential utility of macromolecular NO-release scaffolds as a novel platform for the development of periodontal disease therapeutics.
Bcl-2 constitutively suppresses p53-dependent apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells (2003)

To dissect apoptotic genes governing the survival of colorectal carcinoma cells, we employed RNAi to silence Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) in isogenic clones of p53+/+ and p53-/- cells, and of Bax+/- and Bax-/- cells. We identify a novel proapoptotic function of p53 that does not require activation by genotoxic agents and that appears to be constitutively suppressed by Bcl-2. Silencing of Bcl-2 induced massive p53-dependent apoptosis. The "Bcl-2/p53 axis" requires Bax and caspase 2 as essential apoptotic mediators. This newly discovered Bcl-2/p53 functional interface represents a key regulator of apoptosis which can be activated by targeting Bcl-2 in colorectal carcinoma cells.
Dialog State Tracking using Conditional Random Fields (2013)

This paper presents our approach to dialog state tracking for the Dialog State Tracking Challenge task. In our approach we use discriminative general structured conditional random fields, instead of traditional generative directed graphic models, to incorporate arbitrary overlapping features. Our approach outperforms the simple 1-best tracking approach. 1
Activation of Fc gamma RII induces tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins including Fc gamma RII. (1992)

Platelets provide a useful system for studying Fc gamma receptor-mediated signaling events because these cells express only a single class of Fc gamma receptors and because platelet aggregation and secretion can be activated through Fc gamma receptor stimulation. We report here that stimulation of platelets by cross-linking antibodies to Fc gamma RII or by treatment with an anti-CD9 monoclonal antibody, which acts through Fc gamma RII, causes an induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple platelet proteins. Although the profile of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins induced by stimulation of this Fc receptor was similar to that induced by thrombin, an additional 40-kDa phosphorylated protein was also detected. This protein co-migrated with Fc gamma RII and was immunoprecipitated with a monoclonal antibody to Fc gamma RII. In addition, after the cross-linking of Fc gamma RII in HEL cells or in COS-1 cells transfected with Fc gamma RII cDNA, the 40-kDa protein immunoprecipitated with anti-Fc gamma RII was also phosphorylated on tyrosine. These data strongly suggest that Fc gamma RII itself is a substrate for a tyrosine kinase(s) activated when Fc gamma RII is stimulated. Fc gamma RII was phosphorylated by the Src protein in vitro, suggesting that this kinase may be responsible for phosphorylation of Fc gamma RII in vivo. These studies establish that activation of platelets and human erythroleukemia cells through Fc gamma RII and CD9 involves an induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins including Fc gamma RII itself and suggest that these phosphorylation events may be involved in Fc gamma RII-mediated cell signaling.
The Phosphorylation Site for Ste20p-like Protein Kinases Is Essential for the Function of Myosin-I in Yeast (1997)

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two functionally redundant myosin-I isoforms encoded by the MYO3 and MYO5 genes. The function shared by these myosin proteins is required for proper yeast budding. Serine residue 357 in the head domain of Myo3p, conserved among myosin-I proteins including yeast Myo5p, was identified as a unique phosphorylation site for the serine/threonine protein kinase Ste20p and its closely related isoform Cla4p. These protein kinases share a function that is also essential for budding. Replacement of serine 357 with alanine disrupted the in vivo function of Myo3p, whereas this function was maintained by changing the serine residue to aspartate. This mutant version failed to compensate the growth defect of cells which lack both Ste20p and Cla4p, suggesting that myosin-I is not the only essential target of these protein kinases. Our results suggest that phosphorylation of the head domain by Ste20p-like protein kinases plays an essential role in the function of myosin-I in yeast cells.
Chronic daily headache. (2005)

Chronic daily headache represents a range of disorders characterized by the occurrence of long-duration headache 15 or more days per month. The classification of these disorders continues to undergo revision to make them more clinically relevant, such as that which has been most controversial, the classification of chronic migraine. The role of medication overuse in what has commonly been known as rebound headache can have a significant influence on these disorders. The diagnosis of the chronic daily headaches, including chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache, truly cannot be made if patients are having medication-overuse headache. This article reviews the criteria for medication-overuse headache and the subset of headaches making up chronic daily headache, as well as the epidemiologic and therapeutic aspects of these disorders.
Defective expression of the CD40 ligand in X chromosome-linked immunoglobulin deficiency with normal or elevated IgM. (1993)

B lymphocytes from patients with X chromosome-linked immunoglobulin deficiency with normal or elevated serum IgM are unable to switch from the synthesis of IgM/IgD to that of other immunoglobulin isotypes. Isotype switch recombination was evaluated in three affected males by examining interleukin 4-driven IgE synthesis. T-cell-dependent IgE synthesis was completely absent in the B lymphocytes of the patients. In contrast, CD40 mAb plus interleukin 4 induced the patients' B cells to synthesize IgE and to undergo deletional switch recombination. Because interaction between CD40 and its ligand on activated T cells is critical for T-cell-driven isotype switching, we examined CD40 ligand expression. In contrast to normal T cells, lymphocytes from the patients expressed no detectable CD40 ligand on their surface after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin, although the mRNA of the ligand was expressed normally. These results suggest that defective expression of the CD40 ligand underlies the failure of isotype switching in this disease.
Synergistic role of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in IFN-gamma production and protective immunity induced by an attenuated Toxoplasma gondii vaccine (1991)

BALB/c mice vaccinated with a temperature-sensitive mutant (TS-4) of Toxoplasma gondii develop complete resistance to lethal challenge with a highly virulent toxoplasma strain (RH). This immunity is known to be dependent on IFN-gamma synthesis. In vitro and in vivo T cell depletions were performed in order to identify the subsets responsible for both protective immunity and IFN-gamma production. When stimulated with crude tachyzoite Ag in vitro, CD4+ cells from vaccinated mice produced high levels of TH1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) but not TH2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5). CD8+ cells, in contrast, produced less IFN-gamma and no detectable IL-2. Nevertheless, they could be induced to synthesize IFN-gamma when exposed in culture to exogenous IL-2. In vivo treatment with anti-CD4 plus anti-CD8 or anti-IFN-gamma antibodies during challenge infection completely abrogated resistance to T. gondii. In contrast, treatment with anti-CD4 alone failed to reduce immunity, whereas anti-CD8 treatment partially decreased vaccine-induced resistance. These results suggest that although IFN-gamma and IL-2-producing CD4+ lymphocytes are induced by vaccination, IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells are the major effectors of immunity in vivo. Nevertheless, CD4+ lymphocytes appear to play a synergistic role in vaccine-induced immunity, probably through the augmentation of IFN-gamma synthesis by the CD8+ effector cells. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that when giving during vaccination, as opposed to after challenge, anti-CD4 antibodies are capable of blocking protective immunity.
CRT进入数字时代 AOC“iU芯”技术解析 (2006)

随着LCD的发展,LCD已经逐渐取代CRT成为显示器市场的主流,CRT显示器自“纯平”、“高亮”之后就没有什么新技术推出,随着液晶的普及,CRT显示器似乎已经“穷途末路”了,但是在色彩等显示效果方面的优势,仍然使得CRT显示器有着生存的土壤。近日,全球最大的显示器制造商AOC冠捷针对CRT显示器推出了“iU芯”技术,这也意味着CRT显示器从此进入数字时代。
Inhibition of lymphocyte trafficking shields the brain against deleterious neuroinflammation after stroke (2011)

T lymphocytes are increasingly recognized as key modulators of detrimental inflammatory cascades in acute ischaemic stroke, but the potential of T cell-targeted therapy in brain ischaemia is largely unexplored. Here, we characterize the effect of inhibiting leukocyte very late antigen-4 and endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-mediated brain invasion-currently the most effective strategy in primary neuroinflammatory brain disease in murine ischaemic stroke models. Very late antigen-4 blockade by monoclonal antibodies improved outcome in models of moderate stroke lesions by inhibiting cerebral leukocyte invasion and neurotoxic cytokine production without increasing the susceptibility to bacterial infections. Gene silencing of the endothelial very late antigen-4 counterpart vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 by in vivo small interfering RNA injection resulted in an equally potent reduction of infarct volume and post-ischaemic neuroinflammation. Furthermore, very late antigen-4-inhibition effectively reduced the post-ischaemic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 upregulation, suggesting an additional cross-signalling between invading leukocytes and the cerebral endothelium. Dissecting the specific impact of leukocyte subpopulations showed that invading T cells, via their humoral secretion (interferon-γ) and immediate cytotoxic mechanisms (perforin), were the principal pathways for delayed post-ischaemic tissue injury. Thus, targeting T lymphocyte-migration represents a promising therapeutic approach for ischaemic stroke.
A Theory for the Estimation of Surface and Interfacial Energies. I. Derivation and Application to Interfacial Tension (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Theory for the Estimation of Surface and Interfacial Energies. I. Derivation and Application to Interfacial TensionL. A. Girifalco and R. J. GoodCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1957, 61, 7, 904–909Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/j150553a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views8080Altmetric-Citations1136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (710 KB) Get e-Alerts
Signalling from endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus: transcription factor with a basic‐leucine zipper motif is required for the unfolded protein‐response pathway (1996)

We concluded that Ern4p represents a major component of the putative transcription factor (UPRF) responsible for the UPR leading to the induction of ER-localized stress proteins.
The 18S rRNA dimethylase Dim1p is required for pre-ribosomal RNA processing in yeast. (1995)

The m6(2)A1779m6(2)A1780 dimethylation at the 3' end of the small subunit rRNA has been conserved in evolution from bacteria to eukaryotes. The yeast 18S rRNA dimethylase gene DIM1 was cloned previously by complementation in Escherichia coli and shown to be essential for viability in yeast. A conditional GAL10::dim1 strain was constructed to allow the depletion of Dim1p from the cell. During depletion, dimethylation of the pre-rRNA is progressively inhibited and pre-rRNA processing at cleavage sites A1 and A2 is concomitantly lost. In consequence, the mature 18S rRNA and its 20S precursor drastically underaccumulate. This has the effect of preventing the synthesis of nonmethylated rRNA. To test whether the processing defect is a consequence of the absence of the dimethylated nucleotides or of the Dim1p dimethylase itself, a cis-acting mutation was created in which both dimethylated adenosines are replaced by guanosine residues. Methylation cannot occur on this mutant pre-rRNA, but no clear pre-rRNA processing defect is seen. Moreover, methylation of the wild-type pre-rRNA predominantly occurs after cleavage at sites A1 and A2. This shows that formation of the m6(2)A1779m6(2)A1780 dimethylation is not required for pre-rRNA processing. We propose that the binding of Dim1p to the pre-ribosomal particle is monitored to ensure that only dimethylated pre-rRNA molecules are processed to 18S rRNA.