gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enantiospecific Synthesis of Heterocycles from α-Amino Acids (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTEnantiospecific Synthesis of Heterocycles from α-Amino AcidsF. Javier Sardina and Henry RapoportView Author Information Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 6, 1825–1872Publication Date (Web):October 1, 1996Publication History Received14 July 1993Revised3 July 1996Published online1 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9300348https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9300348research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4325Altmetric-Citations259LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Cyclization,Monomers,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
A monoclonal antibody recognizing nuclear matrix-associated nuclear bodies (1992)

We have isolated a monoclonal antibody, 5E10, that labels discrete spots in the interphase nucleus. By immunoblotting mAb 5E10 recognized predominantly a 126 kDa polypeptide with an isoelectric point of 5.5. Indirect immunofluorescence showed that mAb 5E10 labeled spots in many cell lines and tissues from rat or human origin, but not in cells from mouse, chicken, African green monkey, or the lower eukaryotes Saccharomyces and Dictyostelium. In the human bladder carcinoma cell line T24 the number of nuclear spots were found to be 21 +/- 10 (n = 132). In many cells spots were found also in the cytoplasm. In a small fraction of T24 cells the mAb revealed thread-like structures in addition to spots. Throughout mitosis the antigen was found to be clustered in the cytoplasm, not associated with metaphase chromosomes. The spherical structures that contain the antigen were tightly bound to the nuclear matrix. Immunogold labeling with mAb 5E10 showed that the antigen is localized in 0.3 microns diameter spherical, electron-dense structures, reminiscent of nuclear bodies. Double-labeling experiments showed that these spots do not colocalize with U1 snRNPs and centromeres. The spots did colocalize with nuclear speckles recognized by a primary biliary cirrhosis autoimmune serum, which is thought to recognize nuclear bodies. On the basis of these observations we conclude that mAb 5E10 recognizes discrete nuclear substructures, most likely nuclear bodies.
The Biocide Chlorine Dioxide Stimulates Biofilm Formation inBacillus subtilisby Activation of the Histidine Kinase KinC (2010)

Bacillus subtilis forms biofilms in response to signals that remain poorly defined. We report that biofilm formation is stimulated by sublethal doses of chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)), an extremely effective and fast-acting biocide. ClO(2) accelerated biofilm formation in B. subtilis as well as in other bacteria, suggesting that biofilm formation is a widely conserved response to sublethal doses of the agent. Biofilm formation depends on the synthesis of an extracellular matrix that holds the constituent cells together. We show that the transcription of the major operons responsible for the matrix production in B. subtilis, epsA-epsO and yqxM-sipW-tasA, was enhanced by ClO(2), in a manner that depended on the membrane-bound kinase KinC. Activation of KinC appeared to be due to the ability of ClO(2) to collapse the membrane potential. Importantly, strains unable to make a matrix were hypersensitive to ClO(2), indicating that biofilm formation is a defensive response that helps protect cells from the toxic effects of the biocide.
Colorimetric Sensor Arrays for the Detection and Identification of Chemical Weapons and Explosives (2016)

There is a significant demand for devices that can rapidly detect chemical-biological-explosive (CBE) threats on-site and allow for immediate responders to mitigate spread, risk, and loss. The key to an effective reconnaissance mission is a unified detection technology that analyzes potential threats in real time. In addition to reviewing the current state of the art in the field, this review illustrates the practicality of colorimetric arrays composed of sensors that change colors in the presence of analytes. This review also describes an outlook toward future technologies, and describes how they could possibly be used in areas such as war zones to detect and identify hazardous substances.
SEARCH: A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sorafenib Plus Erlotinib in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2014)

Adding erlotinib to sorafenib did not improve survival in patients with advanced HCC.
Transsphenoidal Microsurgery for Cushing Disease (1988)

We report cumulative results of the transsphenoidal microsurgical treatment of Cushing disease in 221 patients: 173 patients had selective adenomectomy, 25 had total hypophysectomy, 6 had partial hypophysectomy, and 12 had exploration only. Five patients were excluded from analysis because intraoperative technical difficulties precluded exposure of the pituitary gland. The selection of candidates for transsphenoidal exploration was based on endocrinologic criteria. Magnetic resonance imaging was the preferred radiologic test. Selective venous sampling of adrenocorticotropic hormone further refined the diagnosis when endocrinologic and radiologic procedures were not definitive. Remission of disease was achieved in 164 of 216 (76%) patients analyzed (95% CI, 69 to 81). Among patients with histologic confirmation of adenomas, the percentage having remission was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in patients with microadenomas than in patients with macroadenomas and in patients with intrasellar adenomas than in patients with extrasellar extension of their adenoma or perforation of the sellar floor by adenoma (P less than 0.001). Five patients had an ectopic source of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Two patients had diffuse pituitary hyperplasia. Complications occurred in 9.3% of the patients, including two deaths that were apparently unrelated to surgery (CI, 5.4 to 13). The results indicate that transsphenoidal surgery is the preferred treatment for most patients with Cushing disease.
Autoimmunity in Dry Eye Is Due to Resistance of Th17 to Treg Suppression (2009)

Dry eye disease (DED), an inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting the ocular surface, degrades visual performance and the quality of life of >10 million people in the United States alone. The primary limitation in the effective treatment of DED is an incomplete understanding of its specific cellular and molecular pathogenic elements. Using a validated mouse model of DED, herein we functionally characterize the different T cell subsets, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pathogenic effector T cells, and determine their contribution to the pathogenesis of DED. Our data demonstrate the presence of dysfunctional Tregs and the resistance of pathogenic T cells, particularly Th17 cells, to Treg suppression in DED. In addition, we clearly show that in vivo blockade of IL-17 significantly reduces the severity and progression of disease, which is paralleled by a reduction in the expansion of Th17 cells and restoration of Treg function. Our findings elucidate involvement of a previously unknown pathogenic T cell subset (Th17) in DED that is associated specifically with Treg dysfunction and disease pathogenesis and suggest a new target for dry eye therapy.
Air-Exposure Technique for the Formation of Artificial Lipid Bilayers in Microsystems (2007)

To develop a reliable method for on-chip bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) formation, which could be employed for use in a biosensor array platform, a polymer microfluidic device has been constructed, and the formation of suspended BLMs within it has been investigated. A simple, yet reproducible BLM formation protocol has been developed, in which a brief air-exposure period is employed to induce the rapid thinning of an initially thick lipid-solvent layer. The technique is rapid, reproducible, and amenable to the simple injection of proteins or analytes, as well as to buffer exchange on both sides of the membrane. Scaling up the technique for use in an array platform is also straightforward, the simultaneous formation of three individually addressable BLMs being demonstrated.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HABILIDADES E DE PRODUÇÕES DE TEXTOS A PARTIR DA REESCRITA (2016)

Este Relatorio de Estagio Curricular Supervisionado em Letras relata e analisa as observacoes e as praticas decorrentes do Estagio no curso de Letras, realizadas nas Escola de Educacao Basica Joaquim Nabuco, e Escola de Educacao Basica Presidente Artur da Costa e Silva em Xanxere (SC), durante a 7a e a 8a fases, abrangendo no ano de 2016. O objetivo dos componentes curriculares do Estagio e a exteriorizacao do aprendizado academico por meio da pratica docente em escola publica e a atuacao do professor estagiario, que, por sua vez, permite a vivencia do cotidiano escolar. Durante esse processo, constituiu-se uma problematica que norteou o referencial teorico: a analise e reescritura de textos pode ser uma ferramenta favoravel ao aprimoramento da escrita? A problematica estabelecida no Estagio implica no desenvolvimento da leitura e interpretacao e producao de textos. Como resultados, considera-se que, utilizando uma metodologia sistematizada, como foi o caso da sequencia didatica, e possivel desenvolver nos alunos uma leitura, producao e uma interpretacao de textos mais focadas, com reflexos positivos no seu aprendizado.Conclui-se que o Estagio possibilitou a vivencia efetiva em sala de aula, preparando o atual estagiario para o exercicio da atuacao como profissional da area de linguagem.
Differences among Six Salmonella Serovars in Abilities to Colonize Reproductive Organs and to Contaminate Eggs in Laying Hens (2001)

Masashi Okamura, Yuka Kamijima, Tadashi Miyamoto, Hiroyuki Tani, Kazumi Sasai, Eiichiroh Baba, Differences among Six Salmonella Serovars in Abilities to Colonize Reproductive Organs and to Contaminate Eggs in Laying Hens, Avian Diseases, Vol. 45, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 2001), pp. 61-69
The Effect of Coculture with Nonparenchymal Cells on Porcine Hepatocyte Function (2001)

Porcine hepatocytes are currently being investigated as a therapy for patients suffering from acute liver failure. Incorporating hepatocytes in an extracorporeal device that would stabilize a patient until transplantation or recovery could dramatically decrease the mortality rate associated with this disease. The ability to maximize hepatocyte function would contribute significantly to being able to provide the required cell mass in a device of reasonable size. Several approaches have been effective at increasing rat hepatocyte function in vitro, including coculture with nonparenchymal cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of 3T3 cells to porcine hepatocyte culture and found that while there was an increase in albumin secretion, there was little or no effect on urea synthesis or cytochrome P450 activity.
Structural aspects and design of low-molecular-mass complement inhibitors (2002)

We present a mini-review on the structure-based design of three promising complement inhibitors. Firstly, we review compstatin, a 13-residue cyclic peptide that binds to C3 and inhibits the cleavage of C3 to C3a and C3b. Secondly, we review a six-residue cyclic peptide that binds to C5aR and antagonizes the binding of C5a to its receptor C5aR. Finally, we review three small molecules that bind to Factor D and inhibit the enzymic action of Factor D, during which Factor D proteolytically cleaves Factor B in complex with C3 or C3b.
Rearrangement of Nα-Protected l-Asparagines with Iodosobenzene Diacetate. A Practical Route to β-Amino-l-alanine Derivatives (1997)

A general synthetic method for the Hofmann rearrangement of protected asparagines has been developed. Reaction of asparagine derivatives with iodosobenzene diacetate (PIDA) in mixed solvents produces β-amino-l-alanines in good yield. Advantages over the commonly used reagent bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene have been discussed.
Nuclease activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2 inhibits its potent DNA helicase activity (2013)

Dna2 is a nuclease-helicase involved in several key pathways of eukaryotic DNA metabolism. The potent nuclease activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2 was reported to be required for all its in vivo functions tested to date. In contrast, its helicase activity was shown to be weak, and its inactivation affected only a subset of Dna2 functions. We describe here a complex interplay of the two enzymatic activities. We show that the nuclease of Dna2 inhibits its helicase by cleaving 5' flaps that are required by the helicase domain for loading onto its substrate. Mutational inactivation of Dna2 nuclease unleashes unexpectedly vigorous DNA unwinding activity, comparable with that of the most potent eukaryotic helicases. Thus, the ssDNA-specific nuclease activity of Dna2 limits and controls the enzyme's capacity to unwind dsDNA. We postulate that regulation of this interplay could modulate the biochemical properties of Dna2 and thus license it to carry out its distinct cellular functions.
4-Quinazolones-II Synthesis of Some Imidazo [1,5-a] Quinazolones (1969)

The synthesis of 4-phenylimidazo [1,5-a] quinazolin-5 (4H)-one (lIla) and its 1-substituted analogues (IIlb-f) is described.
Caspase-2 Can Function Upstream of Bid Cleavage in the TRAIL Apoptosis Pathway (2004)

In many mammalian cell types, engagement of the TRAIL/Apo2L death receptors DR4 and DR5 alters mitochondrial physiology, thereby promoting the release of pro-apoptotic proteins normally contained within this organelle. A contemporary view of this process is that in so-called type II cells death receptor-activated caspase-8 cleaves the Bcl-2 family member Bid, which generates a truncated Bid fragment that collaborates with Bax, another Bcl-2 relative, to promote the release of mitochondrial factors necessary for activation of executioner caspases and apoptosis. Here we show that in some type II cells caspase-2 is necessary for optimal TRAIL-mediated cleavage of Bid. Down-regulation of caspase-2 using RNA interference significantly inhibited TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Analysis of the TRAIL proteolytic cascade following gene silencing of specific pathway components revealed that caspase-2 is necessary for efficient cleavage of Bid; however, caspase-2 proteolytic processing, which occurs downstream of Bax, is not necessary for its role in Bid cleavage.
Automated ligand fitting by core-fragment fitting and extension into density (2006)

A procedure for fitting of ligands to electron-density maps by first fitting a core fragment of the ligand to density and then extending the remainder of the ligand into density is presented. The approach was tested by fitting 9327 ligands over a wide range of resolutions (most are in the range 0.8-4.8 A) from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) into (Fo - Fc)exp(i phi(c)) difference density calculated using entries from the PDB without these ligands. The procedure was able to place 58% of these 9327 ligands within 2 A (r.m.s.d.) of the coordinates of the atoms in the original PDB entry for that ligand. The success of the fitting procedure was relatively insensitive to the size of the ligand in the range 10-100 non-H atoms and was only moderately sensitive to resolution, with the percentage of ligands placed near the coordinates of the original PDB entry for fits in the range 58-73% over all resolution ranges tested.
Camptothecin induces protein-linked DNA breaks via mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. (1985)

Camptothecin, a cytotoxic drug, is a strong inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis in mammalian cells and a potent inducer of strand breaks in chromosomal DNA. Neither the equilibrium dialysis nor the unwinding measurement indicates any interaction between camptothecin and purified DNA. However, camptothecin induces extensive single strand DNA breaks in reactions containing purified mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. DNA breakage in vitro is immediate and reversible. Analyses of camptothecin-induced DNA breaks show that topoisomerase I is covalently linked to the 3' end of the broken DNA. In addition, camptothecin inhibits the catalytic activity of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. We propose that camptothecin blocks the rejoining step of the breakage-reunion reaction of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. This blockage results in the accumulation of a cleavable complex which resembles the transient intermediate proposed for eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I. The inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis and the induction of DNA strand breaks observed in vivo may be related to the formation of this drug-induced cleavable complex.
Anti-alpha-galactosyl immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM in human secretions (1995)

Anti-alpha-galactosyl (anti-Gal) is a natural human serum antibody that binds to the carbohydrate Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc-R (alpha-galactosyl epitope) and is synthesized by 1% of circulating B lymphocytes in response to immune stimulation by enteric bacteria. We were able to purify secretory anti-Gal from human colostrum and bile by affinity chromatography on silica-linked Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc. We found similar secretory anti-Gal antibodies in human milk, saliva, and vaginal washings. Secretory anti-Gal from milk and saliva was exclusively immunoglobulin A (IgA); that from colostrum and bile also contained IgG and IgM isotypes. Serum was also found to contain anti-Gal IgM and IgA in addition to the previously reported IgG. Anti-Gal IgA purified from colostrum and bile had both IgA1 and IgA2. Secretory anti-Gal from saliva, milk, colostrum, and bile agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes (RRBC) and bound to bovine thyroglobulin, both of which have abundant alpha-galactosyl epitopes. The RRBC-hemagglutinating capacity of human saliva, milk, bile, and serum was specifically adsorbed by immobilized Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc but not by Gal alpha 1,4Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc, Gal beta 1,3GalNAc, Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc, Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc alpha 1,2Man, or Fuc alpha 1,2Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc. No RRBC-hemagglutinating activity could be detected in rat milk, rat bile, cow milk, or rabbit bile, suggesting a restricted species distribution for secretory anti-Gal similar to that found for serum anti-Gal. Colostral anti-GaI IgA bound strongly to a sample of gram-negative bacteria isolated from the throats and stools of well children as well as to an Escherichia coli K-1 blood isolate. Colostral anti-GaI IgA inhibited the binding of a Neisseria meningitidis strain to human buccal epithelial cells, suggesting that this antibody may play a protective role at the mucosal surface.
Multiply deleted [E1, polymerase-, and pTP-] adenovirus vector persists despite deletion of the preterminal protein (2000)

Previous studies had suggested that Ad genome persistence in vivo may be dependent upon the presence of low level vector genome replication and/or pTP functions. Our results suggest that [E1-, polymerase-, pTP-]Ad vectors can overcome these barriers. The further benefits afforded by the use of this class of Ad vector (increased cloning capacity, high level growth, decreased propensity to generate replication competent Ad (RCA), decreased toxicity) suggests that they will be highly beneficial for use in several aspects of human gene therapy.
Heart Rate Variability and Endogenous Sex Hormones During the Menstrual Cycle in Young Women (2003)

To our knowledge, the relationship between all four endogenous female sex hormones and resting cardiac autonomic function has not been studied. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between the normal endogenous levels of oestrogen (17beta-oestradiol), progesterone, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone and heart rate variability (HRV) during the menstrual cycle in young eumenorrheic women. Ten healthy, young, female subjects volunteered for this study. HRV and endogenous hormone levels were recorded at three phases of the menstrual cycle: menses (day 3.8 +/- 0.5), ovulation (day 15.8 +/- 0.7) and luteal (day 22.1 +/- 0.4) to ensure HRV recordings at times of low (menses) and high (ovulation and luteal) hormonal influence. Heart rate recordings were obtained from supine resting subjects and analysed on a Holter analysis system. Total power (TP, 0-1.0 Hz), low frequency (LF, 0.041-0.15 Hz), high frequency (HF, 0.15-0.80 Hz) and LF/HF components of HRV were examined. Despite a significantly greater HR at ovulation and normal cyclic variations in all endogenous sex hormone levels, no measure of HRV was significantly different between menstrual cycle phases. Significant correlations between oestrogen levels and absolute measures of HRV at ovulation were identified. The results of the current study demonstrated that the normal cyclic variations in endogenous sex hormone levels during the menstrual cycle were not significantly associated with changes in cardiac autonomic control as measured by HRV. Significant correlation between peak oestrogen levels and HRV measures at ovulation provided further support for the reported cardioprotective effects of oestrogen in healthy females.
Synthesis and Morphogenesis of Organic Polymer Materials with Hierarchical Structures in Biominerals (2011)

Synthesis and morphogenesis of polypyrrole (PPy) with hierarchical structures from nanoscopic to macroscopic scales have been achieved by using hierarchically organized architectures of biominerals. We adopted biominerals, such as a sea urchin spine and nacreous layer, having hierarchical architectures based on mesocrystals as model materials used for synthesis of an organic polymer. A sea urchin spine led to the formation of PPy macroscopic sponge structures consisting of nanosheets less than 100 nm in thickness with the mosaic interior of the nanoparticles. The morphologies of the resultant PPy hierarchical architectures can be tuned by the structural modification of the original biomineral with chemical and thermal treatments. In another case, a nacreous layer provided PPy porous nanosheets consisting of the nanoparticles. Conductive pathways were formed in these PPy hierarchical architectures. The nanoscale interspaces in the mesocrystal structures of biominerals are used for introduction and polymerization of the monomers, leading to the formation of hierarchically organized polymer architectures. These results show that functional organic materials with complex and nanoscale morphologies can be synthesized by using hierarchically organized architectures as observed in biominerals.