gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1/CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Axis Enhances rhBMP-2-Induced Ectopic Bone Formation (2012)

Enhancement of in vivo mobilization and homing of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to an injury site is an innovative strategy for improvement of bone tissue engineering and repair. The present study was designed to determine whether mobilization by AMD3100 and/or local homing by delivery of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) enhances recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) induced ectopic bone formation in an established rat model. Rats received an injection of either saline or AMD3100 treatment 1 h before harvesting of bone marrow for in vitro colony-forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-F) culture or the in vivo subcutaneous implantation of absorbable collagen sponges (ACSs) loaded with saline, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), SDF-1, or the combination of SDF-1 and rhBMP-2. AMD3100 treatment resulted in a significant decrease in CFU-F number, compared with saline, which confirmed that a single systemic AMD3100 treatment rapidly mobilized MSCs from the bone marrow. At 28 and 56 days, bone formation in the explanted ACS was assessed by microcomputed tomography (μCT) and histology. At 28 days, AMD3100 and/or SDF-1 had no statistically significant effect on bone volume (BV) or bone mineral content (BMC), but histology revealed more active bone formation with treatment of AMD3100, loading of SDF-1, or the combination of both AMD3100 and SDF-1, compared with saline-treated rhBMP-2 loaded ACS. At 56 days, the addition of AMD3100 treatment, loading of SDF-1, or the combination of both resulted in a statistically significant stimulatory effect on BV and BMC, compared with the saline-treated rhBMP-2 loaded ACS. Histology of the 56-day ACS were consistent with the μCT analysis, exhibiting more mature and mineralized bone formation with AMD3100 treatment, SDF-1 loading, or the combination of both, compared with the saline-treated rhBMP-2 loaded ACS. The present study is the first that provides evidence of the efficacy of AMD3100 and SDF-1 treatment to stimulate trafficking of MSCs to an ectopic implant site, in order to ultimately enhance rhBMP-2 induced long-term bone formation.
Role of Autonomic Nervous System and the Cough Reflex in the Increased Responsiveness of Airways in Patients with Obstructive Airway Disease* (1967)

Inhalation of aerosols of citric acid, histamine phosphate, or carbon dust, or air cooled to - 20 degrees C or rapid respiratory maneuvers (inspiration or expiration) results in an increase in airway resistance in some patients with asthma or bronchitis. It has been shown previously in animals that stimulation of cough receptors results in bronchoconstriction through efferent cholinergic pathways. In the patients studied, the administration of atropine sulfate, which would block such pathways, abolished the bronchoconstrictor effects of all the stimuli except large doses of histamine, which may exert a direct effect on airway smooth muscle. These data suggest that sensitized cough receptors may be involved in triggering reflex airway constriction in such patients.
The Cyclin D1 Gene Is Transcriptionally Repressed by Caveolin-1 (2000)

The cyclin D1 gene encodes the regulatory subunit of the holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the retinoblastoma pRB protein. Cyclin D1 protein levels are elevated by mitogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways, and antisense mRNA to cyclin D1 inhibits transformation by the ras, neu, and src oncogenes, thus linking cyclin D1 regulation to cellular transformation. Caveolins are the principal protein components of caveolae, vesicular plasma membrane invaginations that also function in signal transduction. We show here that caveolin-1 expression levels inversely correlate with cyclin D1 abundance levels in transformed cells. Expression of antisense caveolin-1 increased cyclin D1 levels, whereas caveolin-1 overexpression inhibited expression of the cyclin D1 gene. Cyclin D1 promoter activity was selectively repressed by caveolin-1, but not by caveolin-3, and this repression required the caveolin-1 N terminus. Maximal inhibition of the cyclin D1 gene promoter by caveolin-1 was dependent on the cyclin D1 promoter T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor-1-binding site between -81 to -73. The T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor sequence was sufficient for repression by caveolin-1. We suggest that transcriptional repression of the cyclin D1 gene may contribute to the inhibition of transformation by caveolin-1.
Similarity measurement in convolutional space (2012)

We introduce a method to find the difference of data based on convolution. The method may be used to recognize or verify training data where the number of data classes is unknown or very large in training phase or used as a kernel in an SVM or in an RBF Network. A common solution is to train a machine to maps two input patterns into a new space, which may be high dimensional, such that the output value of the machine approximates the “semantic” distance of input pair. The learning algorithm minimizes an error function which measures the similarity of pair of patterns presented on input layer. In the best case the error function is zero for genuine pairs and is infinity for impostor pairs. The similarity measure is done in convolutional space with Convolutional Neural Network which is robust to spatial distortions. The method is applied on AT&T dataset for face verification task.
The university of Amsterdam at QA@CLEF 2005 (2005)

This paper describes the official runs of our team for the CLEF 2004 question answering tasks. We took part in the monolingual Dutch task and in the bilingual English to Dutch task.
Staphylococcal Protein A Binding to VH3Encoded Immunoglobulins (1997)

Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) is a B-cell superantigen which binds specifically to the variable region of human VH3 encoded antibodies. We undertook to identify the VH3 regions involved in the interaction with SPA by producing mutant antibodies in the baculovirus expression system. We had previously shown that a single amino acid change at position 57 in the CDR2 of a human SPA nonbinding VH3 encoded rheumatoid factor converted it to an SPA binder, implicating CDR2 in SPA binding. When regions of the mutated binder were exchanged with those from a mouse nonbinding antibody, the pattern of SPA binding indicated that residues in FR1, CDR2 and FR3 are involved in the interaction between VH3 encoded antibodies and SPA. In addition, all three regions are simultaneously required for SPA binding to occur. When any one of the three regions was altered, SPA binding was severely disrupted.
Synthesis of 3β-Acetoxy-17β-(L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L -prolyl)amino-5α-androstane (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 3β-Acetoxy-17β-(L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L -prolyl)amino-5α-androstaneGeorge R. Pettit, Robert L. Smith, and H. KlingerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 2, 145–148Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00314a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00314a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 40-Gb/s, 850-nm, VCSEL-Based Full Optical Link (2012)

We report a complete VCSEL optical link operating at 40-Gb/s (BER&lt;10−12) with an eye opening of 0.56 UI and 6 dB of link margin. Transmitter pre-distortion enables substantial improvements in speed, jitter, and link margin.
p16INK4a promoter methylation and protein expression in breast fibroadenoma and carcinoma (2004)

The potential role of p16(INK4a) methylation in breast cancer is controversial whereas there are no data on fibroadenoma. To assess if inactivation of p16(INK4a) by promoter hypermethylation occurs in this hyperproliferative benign breast lesion or, on the contrary, it is strictly related to the carcinogenic process, we have tested the different histological components of 15 cases of fibroadenoma and the intraductal and infiltrating components of 15 cases of carcinoma and their adjacent non-tumoral epithelium. All samples were obtained by laser-assisted microdissection. The relationship between promoter methylation status, immunohistochemical protein expression and ki67 proliferative activity was evaluated for each lesion. Our data demonstrate that hypermethylation of p16(INK4a) promoter is a common event occurring at similar frequency in all the different histological areas of the benign and malignant breast lesions taken into exam. Conversely, protein p16 expression, although heterogeneously distributed within the section, is considerably higher in breast carcinoma as compared to fibroadenoma in both tumoral and non-tumoral epithelia and stroma. The protein localization was almost exclusively nuclear in fibroadenoma and non-tumoral epithelia whereas, in carcinoma, the staining was both nuclear and cytoplasmic or cytoplasmic alone. Furthermore, in a subset of fibroadenoma with higher proliferative activity, p16 protein expression was substantially decreased as compared to those showing lower proliferation. We did not observe this association in carcinomas. Our data demonstrate that the hypermethylation of the p16(INK4a) promoter is not specifically associated with malignancy and that, on the contrary, the overexpression of p16 and its cytoplasmic sequestration is a feature of breast carcinoma.
A Microassay for 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Not requiring High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Application to Clinical Studies* (1984)

This report describes a microassay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] in plasma which does not require high performance liquid chromatography. The assay involves rapid extraction and preliminary purification on a C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge, followed by final purification on a silica Sep-Pak using hexane-isopropanol. Quantitation of 1,25-(OH)2D is achieved using a nonequilibrium assay employing 1,25-(OH)2D receptor from calf thymus. The method is sensitive to 1.5 pg/tube, with B50 occurring at 9 pg/tube and a useful assay range of 1.5-40 pg/tube. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation are 6.5% and 11.5%, respectively, and the method is linear over a wide range of sample dilutions. In addition, this assay measures both 1,25-(OH)2D2 and 1,25-(OH)2D3 with equal affinity. The importance of using an assay with equal affinity for 1,25-(OH)2D2 and 1,25-(OH)2D3 is demonstrated by the findings that 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (250HD2) constituted 38.9% of the total 25-OHD found in clinical samples (12.6 +/- 0.7 ng/ml 25-OHD2 vs. 20.1 +/- 0.5 ng/ml 25-OHD3; n = 807). Results of this new assay have been compared to those of the assay of Horst et al. (21), which employs Sephadex LH-20 and high performance liquid chromatography sample purification. The correlation coefficient was r2 = 0.96, and the slope was 1.05. Using this new assay, plasma 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations were as follows: normal adults, 37.4 +/- 2.2 pg/ml (n = 22); chronic renal failure, 10.6 +/- 1.5 pg/ml (n = 7); anephrics, undetectable (n = 10); infant cord blood, 22.9 +/- 4.4 pg/ml (n = 7); and hyperparathyroidism, 68.9 +/- 5.0 pg/ml (n = 13). This assay should be particularly useful in pediatric or other studies in which sample size is limited.
A Simple Tactile Probe for Surface Identification by Mobile Robots (2011)

This paper describes a tactile probe designed for surface identification in a context of all-terrain low-velocity mobile robotics. The proposed tactile probe is made of a small metallic rod with a single-axis accelerometer attached near its tip. Surface identification is based on analyzing acceleration patterns induced at the tip of this mechanically robust tactile probe, while it is passively dragged along a surface. A training dataset was collected over ten different indoor and outdoor surfaces. Classification results for an artificial neural network were positive, with an 89.9% and 94.6% success rate for 1- and 4-s time windows of data, respectively. We also demonstrated that the same tactile probe can be used for unsupervised learning of terrains. For 1-s time windows of data, the classification success rate was only reduced to 74.1%. Finally, a blind mobile robot, performing real-time classification of surfaces, demonstrated the feasibility of this tactile probe as a guidance mechanism.
Cell Preservation in Reparative and Regenerative Medicine: Evolution of Individualized Solution Composition (2004)

The expanding complexity of biologics banked for therapeutic applications necessitates the development of improved preservation technologies for support of the emerging fields of reparative and regenerative medicine. Currently, a number of media or "solutions" are utilized for the preservation of biologics. Given the diversity of cell systems utilized in the regenerative medicine arena, we hypothesized that the development of unique (individualized) preservation solutions designed to meet the distinct molecular biological requirements of individual systems would provide for enhanced and extended preservation. To evaluate this hypothesis, coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs), coronary artery endothelial cells (CAECs), hepatic cells (C3A), and skeletal muscle cells (SKMCs) were hypothermically preserved for 2 to 7 days at 4 degrees C in either cell culture medium, University of Wisconsin Solution (UW or ViaSpan), or HypoThermosol (HTS) variants. Cells were then assayed for viability, using the alamarBlue assay as well as calcein-AM, subsequent to their return to normothermic (37 degrees C) temperatures for up to 5 days. CASMC viability was best maintained when preserved in HTS plus Trolox/EDTA, CAEC viability was highest when preserved in HTS plus Trolox, SKMCs stored in HTS plus Trolox/RGD demonstrated enhanced viability, and C3A cells were best preserved in HTS plus FK041. The data suggest that solution compositions that address the differences in cell death mechanisms limiting preservation efficacy can result in targeted improvement matched to specific cell types. These observations support the custom solution hypothesis of cell and tissue preservation.
Induction of DMBT1 expression by reduced ERK activity during a gastric mucosa differentiation-like process and its association with human gastric cancer (2005)

Abnormalities in the expression of DMBT1 (deleted in malignant brain tumors 1) have been implicated in the development of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers of the alimentary tract, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, using the gastric cell line AGS, we identified two intracellular signaling molecules protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). They mediated both the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) downregulation of DMBT1 expression and the initiation of cell differentiation, which was measured by cell cycle withdrawal and the induction of the tissue-specific marker trefoil factor 1 (TFF1). A time-course study showed that following the PMA activation of ERK kinase, the induction of TFF1 and the reduction of DMBT1 were detected at the same time point. We then demonstrated a minimal level of DMBT1 in proliferating AGS cells seeded at low density, where ERK activity was high. Reduction of ERK activity, either by an ERK inhibitor PD98059 or by high-density seeding, significantly reduced AGS cell growth judged by CFSE labeling. This cellular effect was elicited by cyclin D/p21 (Cip/Waf1) and G(0)/G(1) arrest, and was accompanied by a marked increase in DMBT1-expressing cells. Finally, we showed that siRNA directed against DMBT1 had no effect on the induction of a cell growth arrest marker, gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor (GKLF), but reduced the PMA induction of TFF1. Along with its upregulation coinciding with G(0)/G(1) arrest, and its attenuation in differentiated cells, these results suggest that the transient induction of DMBT1 is apparently specific at an early stage of gastric epithelial differentiation-like process, when it may play a role in cell fate decision. Consistent with such a potential function, we detected frequent abnormalities of the DMBT1 expression in the specimens of human gastric adenocarcinoma.
Ferric carboxymaltose approved for iron deficiency anemia (2013)

FDA has approved the marketing of ferric carboxymaltose injection, or Injectafer, for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in adults who need an alternative to oral iron supplements or have non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease, American Regent Inc. announced July 26. Up to 1500 mg of iron can be administered over the course of two Injectafer treatment sessions, the company said. The labeling for ferric carboxymaltose injection recommends doses of 750 mg for patients weighing at least 50 kg and 15 mg/kg for patients weighing less. Each dose of the iron carbohydrate complex is to be given by i.v. push of the undiluted drug solution at the rate of 100 mg/min or by i.v. infusion of diluted drug solution over at least 15 minutes. Seven days must pass before administration of the second dose. During the two major studies of the drug in adults with iron deficiency anemia, the most common adverse reactions were nausea, hypertension, hot flush, decrease in blood phosphorus concentration, and dizziness.
Engineering biological structures of prescribed shape using self-assembling multicellular systems (2004)

Self-assembly is a fundamental process that drives structural organization in both inanimate and living systems. It is in the course of self-assembly of cells and tissues in early development that the organism and its parts eventually acquire their final shape. Even though developmental patterning through self-assembly is under strict genetic control it is clear that ultimately it is physical mechanisms that bring about the complex structures. Here we show, both experimentally and by using computer simulations, how tissue liquidity can be used to build tissue constructs of prescribed geometry in vitro. Spherical aggregates containing many thousands of cells, which form because of tissue liquidity, were implanted contiguously into biocompatible hydrogels in circular geometry. Depending on the properties of the gel, upon incubation, the aggregates either fused into a toroidal 3D structure or their constituent cells dispersed into the surrounding matrix. The model simulations, which reproduced the experimentally observed shapes, indicate that the control parameter of structure evolution is the aggregate-gel interfacial tension. The model-based analysis also revealed that the observed toroidal structure represents a metastable state of the cellular system, whose lifetime depends on the magnitude of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Thus, these constructs can be made long-lived. We suggest that spherical aggregates composed of organ-specific cells may be used as "bio-ink" in the evolving technology of organ printing.
Pathophysiology of isoprostanes in the cardiovascular system: implications of isoprostane‐mediated thromboxaneA2receptor activation (2014)

Isoprostanes are free radical-catalysed PG-like products of unsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, which are widely recognized as reliable markers of systemic lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in vivo. Moreover, activation of enzymes, such as COX-2, may contribute to isoprostane formation. Indeed, formation of isoprostanes is considerably increased in various diseases which have been linked to oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), and may predict the atherosclerotic burden and the risk of cardiovascular complications in the latter patients. In addition, several isoprostanes may directly contribute to the functional consequences of oxidant stress via activation of the TxA2 prostanoid receptor (TP), for example, by affecting endothelial cell function and regeneration, vascular tone, haemostasis and ischaemia/reperfusion injury. In this context, experimental and clinical data suggest that selected isoprostanes may represent important alternative activators of the TP receptor when endogenous TxA2 levels are low, for example, in aspirin-treated individuals with CVD. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of isoprostane formation, biochemistry and (patho) physiology in the cardiovascular context.
Structural basis for small molecule targeting of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) (2016)

Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immunologic checkpoint with monoclonal antibodies has provided unprecedented results in cancer treatment in the recent years. Development of chemical inhibitors for this pathway lags the antibody development because of insufficient structural information. The first nonpeptidic chemical inhibitors that target the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have only been recently disclosed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Here, we show that these small-molecule compounds bind directly to PD-L1 and that they potently block PD-1 binding. Structural studies reveal a dimeric protein complex with a single small molecule which stabilizes the dimer thus occluding the PD-1 interaction surface of PD-L1s. The small-molecule interaction "hot spots" on PD-L1 surfaces suggest approaches for the PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist drug discovery.
Effects of Sustained-Release Moxonidine, an Imidazoline Agonist, on Plasma Norepinephrine in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (2002)

Plasma norepinephrine was markedly reduced in a dose-related manner by moxonidine SR. This reduction was accompanied by evidence of reverse remodeling, but also by an increase in adverse events.
Mutant (δF508) Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Cl− Channel Is Functional When Retained in Endoplasmic Reticulum of Mammalian Cells (1995)

Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a plasma membrane-localized chloride channel. Some mutations in CFTR, including one which affects most patients (delta F508-CFTR), prevent CFTR from exiting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it is synthesized. To examine whether normal and mutant CFTRs function as chloride channels when they reside in the ER, the patch clamp technique was used to measure currents in the outer membrane of nuclei isolated from mammalian cells expressing CFTR. Both delta F508-CFTR as well as CFTR were revealed to function as cAMP-regulated chloride channels in native ER membrane. These results represent the first demonstrations of functional activity of CFTR in the biosynthetic pathway and suggest that conformational changes in the mutant protein, although recognized by ER-retention mechanisms, do not necessarily affect CFTR chloride channel properties, which may have implications for pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions in cystic fibrosis.
Recent Patents on Light-Based Anti-Infective Approaches (2018)

Light-based antimicrobial approaches hold great promise for the future in regards to treating antibiotic-resistant infections and related diseases.