gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Mucus (1977)

Conference Article| October 01 1977 The Relationship Between Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Mucus JOHN R. CLAMP JOHN R. CLAMP 1Clinical Research Laboratories, Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1977) 5 (5): 1579–1581. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0051579 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JOHN R. CLAMP; The Relationship Between Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Mucus. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1977; 5 (5): 1579–1581. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0051579 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1977 Biochemical Society1977 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Occurrence of beta-hydroxylated asparagine residues in non-vitamin K-dependent proteins containing epidermal growth factor-like domains. (1987)

Vitamin K-dependent bovine protein S has been shown to contain a posttranslationally hydroxylated asparagine within a conserved sequence in three of its epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains. In a review of amino acid sequences deduced from cDNA data, we have observed that a conserved sequence containing a potential asparagine hydroxylation site exists within EGF-like domains of a variety of functionally diverse proteins. We have studied a number of these and report the presence of erythro-beta-hydroxyasparagine (e-beta Hyn) in three non-vitamin K-dependent proteins: the plasma complement proteins C1r and C1s (where overbar indicates activated form) and the urinary protein uromodulin. For each protein, e-beta Hyn was identified in enzyme digests following the initial observation of erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid (e-beta Hya) in acid hydrolysates of the proteins. e beta Hya and e-beta Hyn residues are detected by a postcolumn derivatization cation-exchange HPLC method herein described. HPLC isolation of the presumptive e-beta Hyn residue from enzyme digests of intact C1r allowed confirmation of its structure by GC/MS. Based upon available cDNA sequence data and observation of e-beta Hya in acid hydrolysates, we suggest other proteins in which e-beta Hyn may occur.
Zirconium as a Boron Sink in Crystalline CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2010)

ZrB2 and ZrB have been predicted to be the most thermodynamically stable of the transition metal borides. Here, we have investigated the use of a Zr layer to act as a boron "getter" during thermal annealing of structures which model a CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junction. From magnetic and structural studies, a boron gettering effect is found when the Zr underlayer reaches a critical thickness, allowing CoFeB to crystallize in the required body-centered cubic structure with (001) orientation. Elemental depth profiling confirms that the majority of metallic boron in the structure is concentrated within a thermodynamically stable ZrBx compound underlayer after annealing.
Teach Yourself Delphi 3 in 14 Days (1997)

From the Publisher:
This resource is the ideal learning tool for beginning programmers who want to develop their own programming capabilities, as well as developers who want to make the transition to the latest version of Delphi. Written by best-selling authors and organized in a logical, easy-to-follow format, this step-by-step guide will help users master the ins and outs of this robust program from the ground up.
Outline was fully developed by Borland
Workshops, Q&A s, and Do s and Don ts reinforce the information found in each chapter
In-depth coverage of branching, looping, records, arrays, debugging, program flow control, structured programming, DLLs, data manipulation, and more
A novel class of bifunctional acylpeptide hydrolases – potential role in the antioxidant defense systems of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii (2013)

Oxidative challenge is an important factor affecting the adaptive strategies of Antarctic fish, but data on antioxidant defenses in these organisms remain scarce. In this context, a key role could be played by acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH), which was recently hypothesized to participate in the degradation of oxidized and cytotoxic proteins, although its physiological function is still not fully clarified. This study represents the first report on piscine members of this enzyme family, specifically from the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. The cDNAs corresponding to two apeh genes were isolated, and the respective proteins were functionally and structurally characterized with the aim of understanding the biological significance of these proteases in Antarctic fish. Both APEH isoforms (APEH-1Tb and APEH-2Tb ) showed distinct temperature-kinetic behavior, with significant differences in the Km values. Moreover, beside the typical acylpeptide hydrolase activity, APEH-2Tb showed remarkable oxidized protein endohydrolase activity towards oxidized BSA, suggesting that this isoform could play a homeostatic role in removing oxidatively damaged proteins, sustaining the antioxidant defense systems. The 3D structures of both APEHs were predicted, and a possible relationship was found between the substrate specificity/affinity and the marked changes in the number of charged residues and hydrophobicity properties surrounding their catalytic sites. Our results demonstrated the occurrence of two APEH isoforms in T. bernacchii, belonging to different phylogenetic clusters, identified for the first time, and showing distinct molecular and temperature-kinetic behaviors. In addition, we suggest that the members of the new cluster 'APEH-2' could participate in reactive oxygen species detoxification as phase 3 antioxidant enzymes, enhancing the protein degradation machinery.
Performance models of statistical multiplexing in packet video communications (1988)

Models and results are presented that assess the performance of statistical multiplexing of independent video sources. Presented results indicate that the probability of buffering (or delaying) video data beyond an acceptable limit drops dramatically as the number of multiplexed sources increases beyond one. This demonstrates that statistical or asynchronous time-division multiplexing (TDM) can efficiently absorb temporal variations of the bit rate of individual sources without the significant variations in reception quality exhibited by multimode videocoders for synchronous TDM or circuit-switched transmission. Two source models are presented. The first model is an autoregressive continuous-state, discrete-time Markov process, which was used to generate source data in simulation experiments. The second model is a discrete-state, continuous-time Markov process that was used in deriving a fluid-flow queuing analysis. The presented study shows that both models generated consistent numerical results in terms of queuing performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Molecular characteristics of recurrent triple-negative breast cancer (2015)

Due to the fact that the treatment of breast cancer depends significantly on the molecular markers present in the cancer, including estrogen receptor (+), progesterone receptor (+) or erbB2 receptor (+), further investigation targeting triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes may assist in elucidating the mechanisms of recurrence of TNBC and enable the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for patients with TNBC. The aim of the present study was to compare the gene expression profiles between TNBC samples that were identified as having recurrent and non‑recurrent statuses. Between June 2011 and May 2012, a total of 30 patients with TNBC were examined using a follow-up period of at least 5 years. Their clinicopathological information was retrospectively reviewed and they were classified with a status either of recurrence [n=15 stage II (9), IIIA (2), IIIC (4)] or non‑recurrence [n=15 stage II (6), IIIA (1), IIIC (8)]. The total RNA from tissue samples obtained from the recurrent and non‑recurrent TNBC patients were used to performed oligonucleotide microarray analysis. The dataset was analyzed using GeneSpring software and validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Principal component analysis demonstrated that there was a marked difference in the gene expression distribution between the stage IIIc recurrent samples and early stage (stages IIa, IIb and IIIa) recurrent samples. In early stage recurrence, the significant pathway‑associated upregulated genes were matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and genes associated with cancer cell migration (CDH2) and cell adhesion/motility (KRAS, CDC42, RAC1, ICAM and SRGAP2). By contrast, during stage IIIc recurrence, the significant pathway‑associated upregulated genes in the recurrent samples were WNT signaling genes, including WNT 4 and WNT 16. It was concluded that there were markedly different distributions and gene expression profiles between stage IIIc recurrent TNBC tumors and early stage (IIa, IIb, IIIa) recurrent TNBC tumors, which provides important information for the development of effective treatment strategies for TNBC.
SENSITIVE CRITERIA FOR THE CRITICAL SIZE FOR HELIX FORMATION IN OLIGOPEPTIDES (1969)

We studied the conformation of a series of gamma-ethyl-L-glutamate oligopeptides by circular dichroism and 220 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. By use of the first technique we noted enhancement of the n --> pi(*) and splitting of the pi --> pi(*) transitions commencing with the heptamer in trimethylphosphate and trifluoroethanol. With the second method we found changes in chemical shifts for the amide protons consistent with the onset of helicity at the heptamer in the solvents noted above. When DMSO-d(6) is used as a solvent, no such chemical shift changes occur because the oligopeptides do not assume helical conformations.
A TAD Further: Exogenous Control of Gene Activation (2007)

Designer molecules that can be used to impose exogenous control on gene transcription, artificial transcription factors (ATFs), are highly desirable as mechanistic probes of gene regulation, as potential therapeutic agents, and as components of cell-based devices. Recently, several advances have been made in the design of ATFs that activate gene transcription (activator ATFs), including reports of small-molecule-based systems and ATFs that exhibit potent activity. However, the many open mechanistic questions about transcriptional activators, in particular, the structure and function of the transcriptional activation domain (TAD), have hindered rapid development of synthetic ATFs. A compelling need thus exists for chemical tools and insights toward a more detailed portrait of the dynamic process of gene activation.
ATP citrate lyase mediated cytosolic acetyl-CoA biosynthesis increases mevalonate production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2016)

By combining the push/pull/block strategies, we significantly improved mevalonate production. We anticipate that this strategy can be used to improve the efficiency with which industrial strains of S. cerevisiae convert feedstocks to acetyl-CoA derived fuels and chemicals.
The Contribution of the Pyrogallol Moiety to the Superoxide Radical Scavenging Activity of Flavonoids. (2002)

Sixteen flavonoids including flavonols, flavones, flavanonol and catechins, and five aromatic compounds were examined for their ability to scavenge superoxide radical (O2-*) generated enzymatically in a xanthin-xanthinoxidase system and non-enzymatically in a phenazine methosulfate-NADH system. Pyrogallol, gallic acid and its ester, were much more efficient in scavenging O2-* than catechol. The superiority of pyrogallol over catechol in the flavonoidal nucleus is apparent from the much higher O2-* scavenging activity of myricetin and epigallocatechin, which contain 3',4',5'-trihydroxyl substitution in the B-ring, compared to quercetin and epicatechin, which contain 3',4'-dihydroxyl substitution, respectively. The strong O2-* scavenging ability of pyrogallol appears to function even in the A-ring, as in baicalein, and also in the form of a pyrogalloyl ester at the C-3 position in the C-ring, as in epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. It can be concluded that the pyrogallol moiety is an active component of flavonoids for displaying high O2-* scavenging activity. Flavonoids and aromatics were also examined to correlate their O2-* scavenging activity with their oxidizability, which was measured on the basis of electrochemical redox potential and the reducing ability of the Cu2+ ion. Aromatics such as pyrogallol, gallic acid and its ester, and flavonoids such as baicalein, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate, in which the O2-* scavenging activity is enhanced by the presence of a pyrogallol moiety which does not belong to the B-ring, reduced the correlation between the higher O2-* scavenging activity and the lower redox potential. The O2-* scavenging activity was well correlated with the Cu2+ reducing ability of flavonoids and aromatics.
The Cre Recombinase Cleaves the lox Site in trans (1997)

The Cre protein is a conservative site-specific recombinase that is encoded by bacteriophage P1. Its function in vivo is to resolve dimeric lysogenic P1 plasmids that arise by general recombination. In this way Cre facilitates effective partition of the P1 prophage. Cre is a member of the integrase family of conservative site-specific recombinases. Cleavage of the DNA by the integrases involves covalent attachment of a conserved nucleophilic tyrosine to the 3'-phosphoryl end at the site of the break. We have used in vitro complementation tests to show that the Cre protein, like the Flp protein of the 2-microm plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cleaves its target lox site in trans. Moreover, the data are compatible with two modes of cleavage; one requires the reconstitution of a pseudo full-site from half-sites and the other requires the assembly of a higher order complex that resembles a synaptic complex.
Management of Asymptomatic Ovarian and Other Adnexal Cysts Imaged at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Statement (2010)

The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound convened a panel of specialists from gynecology, radiology, and pathology to arrive at a consensus regarding the management of ovarian and other adnexal cysts imaged sonographically in asymptomatic women. The panel met in Chicago, Ill, on October 27-28, 2009, and drafted this consensus statement. The recommendations in this statement are based on analysis of current literature and common practice strategies, and are thought to represent a reasonable approach to asymptomatic ovarian and other adnexal cysts imaged at ultrasonography.
Efficient and Rapid Osteoinduction in an Immune-Competent Host (2007)

Osteoinductive systems to induce targeted rapid bone formation hold clinical promise, but development of technologies for clinical use that must be tested in animal models is often a difficult challenge. We previously demonstrated that implantation of human cells transduced with Ad5F35BMP2 to express high levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) resulted in rapid bone formation at targeted sites. Inclusion of human cells in this model precluded us from testing this system in an immune-competent animal model, thus limiting information about the efficacy of this approach. Here, for the first time we demonstrate the similarity between BMP2-induced endochondral bone formation in a system using human cells in an immune-incompetent mouse and a murine cell-based BMP2 gene therapy system in immune-competent animals. In both cases the delivery cells are rapidly cleared, within 5 days, and in neither case do they appear to contribute to any of the structures forming in the tissues. Endochondral bone formation progressed through a highly ordered series of stages that were both morphologically and temporally indistinguishable between the two models. Even longterm analysis of the heterotopic bone demonstrated similar bone volumes and the eventual remodeling to form similar structures. The results suggest that the ability of BMP2 to rapidly induce bone formation overrides contributions from either immune status or the nature of delivery cells.
Transgene Control Engineering in Mammalian Cells (2005)

Capitalizing on the generic design principle of the tetracycline-responsive expression systems (,), many various transgene control modalities responsive to streptogramins (), macrolides (), and butyrolactones () have been constructed. All of these gene-regulation systems could be arranged in small-molecule-repressible off-type and small-molecule-inducible on-type configurations. Off-type systems consist of a transactivator and transactivator-dependent promoter. The transactivator is a fusion protein between a bacterial small-molecule-responsive transcription regulator and mammalian transactivation domain, e.g., Herpes simplex-derived VP16 (). The transactivator-dependent promoter consists of transactivator-specific (tandem) operator modules placed upstream of a minimal eukaryotic promoter, e.g., the minimal version of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter (PhCVMmin). Transactivator binding to cognate operators in the absence of regulating small molecules initiates promoter-dependent transcription, whereas promoter-transactivator interaction is abolished in the presence of adjusting molecules, as is transgene expression (Fig. 1 A). On-type systems harbor the same prokaryotic response regulator that operates as a transrepressor on cognate chimeric promoters in its native form or optionally fused to a eukaryotic repression domain, such as the Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) domain of the human kox-1 gene (). Transrepressor-dependent promoters consist of transrepressor-specific (tandem) operators cloned downstream of desired constitutive promoters. In the absence of regulating molecules, transrepressor-operator binding blocks/silences promoter-driven transgene expression, whereas small molecules interfering with transrepressor-operator interaction induce promoter-specific transcription (Fig. 1 B). Open image in new window Fig. 1. Molecular configuration of off-type (A) and on-type (B) gene regulatory systems. (A) off-type systems. A DNA-binding protein (DBP), typically a bacterial response regulator, fused to a mammalian transactivation domain (TA) binds to a specific operator module and induces polymerase (Poly)-mediated transcription of the gene of interest (goi) from a minimal promoter (Pmin). DBP-TA only binds to its operator in the absence of the regulating molecule (five-point star). Strategically important restriction sites are indicated. (B) on-type systems. The DBP, fused to a mammalian transcription repressor domain (TR), binds to the specific operator sequence located downstream of a constitutive promoter and thus represses its transcription. Upon addition of the regulating molecule, repression is abolished, and the gene of interest (goi) is expressed.
Rapid, polymerase chain reaction-based identification assays for Candida species (1993)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of specific regions in the genomes of a variety of lower eukaryotes permits rapid identification of these microorganisms. First, on the basis of the presence of both constant and variable regions in the small subunit (ssu) rRNA, a nested PCR for direct identification of various Candida species can be designed. Amplification of the entire ssu rRNA gene and subsequent reamplification of variable sequences within the V4 domains of these PCR products were combined with direct sequencing. Restriction enzyme maps were made, and species-specific oligonucleotides for hybridization analysis were selected. Unequivocal discrimination of four of the major human pathogenic yeasts (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei) is possible if a combination of these techniques is used. Second, by using oligonucleotides aimed at repeated sequences which occur at dispersed positions in the genomes of all eukaryotes, species-specific DNA fingerprints could be generated. This interrepeat PCR using genomic DNA as template proved to be an effective tool in Candida species typing. Both techniques described here can be extrapolated to the high-speed diagnostics of numerous other prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens.
Addressing the Challenge: Current and Future Directions in Ovarian Cancer Therapy (2009)

Numerous ovarian gene therapy strategies are in clinical phases based on concepts of replacement/ knock out of deregulated gene, suicide gene strategies, strengthening of the immune response against a tumor, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and growth factors. Non-viral delivery systems have potential advantages over currently widely used viral vectors and other classical vectors for delivering therapeutic gene of interest. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of potential of various delivery systems currently in use. Non-viral formulations used in ovarian gene therapy include injecting naked DNA, liposomes, polyplexes, lipopolyplexes, nanoparticles, gene gun and ultrasound/microbubble mediated gene delivery. In addition to improving vector delivery, the DNA constructs need to be optimised for both efficient and long-term transgene expression. Minicircles using minimal immunological defined gene expression (MIDGE) technology, are a promising future alternative to plasmid for use in non-viral ovarian gene therapy in terms of biosafety, improved gene transfer, potential bioavailability, minimal size and little immune reaction. The review explores the best route of administration for ovarian cancer gene therapy given its peritoneal dissemination which poses a major challenge in treating ovarian cancer patients. Enhancement of therapeutic index can be further achieved by overcoming barriers both at cellular and nuclear levels. Selective tumor targeting with minimal toxicity using folate modified, incorporating nuclear localization signal and PEGylated stealth liposome's represents a popular approach and needs to be exploited in ovarian gene therapy.
Telomere Length Abnormalities Occur Early in the Initiation of Epithelial Carcinogenesis (2004)

Telomere length abnormalities appear to be one of the earliest and most prevalent genetic alterations acquired in the multistep process of malignant transformation. These findings support a model whereby telomere dysfunction induces chromosomal instability as an initiating event in many, perhaps most, human epithelial cancers. Together with previous findings from the prostate and pancreas, the percentage of intraepithelial neoplasia lesions showing telomere length abnormalities is 95.6%. The implications of these findings include the potential that telomere length assessment in situ may be a widely useful biomarker for monitoring disease prevention strategies and for improved early diagnosis.
Modulation of Virulence Factor Expression by Pathogen Target Cell Contact (1996)

Upon contact with the eukaryotic cell, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis increased the rate of transcription of virulence genes ( yop ), as determined by in situ monitoring of light emission from individual bacteria expressing luciferase under the control of the yopE promoter. The microbe-host interaction triggered export of LcrQ, a negative regulator of Yop expression, via the Yop-type III secretion system. The intracellular concentration of LcrQ was thereby lowered, resulting in increased expression of Yops. These results suggest a key role for the type III secretion system of pathogenic bacteria to coordinate secretion with expression of virulence factors after physical contact with the target cell.