gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
JAK2 V617F in myeloid disorders: What do we know now, and where are we headed? (2005)

Activating tyrosine kinase (TK) mutations disrupt cellular proliferation and survival pathways and are increasingly recognized as a fundamental cause of human cancers. Until very recently, the only TK mutations widely observed in myeloid neoplasia were the BCR/ABL1 fusions characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia and some acute leukemias, and FLT3 activating mutations in a minority of acute myeloid leukemias. Several rare TK mutations are found in various atypical myeloproliferative disorders, but big pieces of the pathobiological puzzle were glaringly missing. In the first half of 2005, one gap was filled in: 7 studies identified the same acquired amino acid substitution (V617F) in the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) TK in large numbers of patients with diverse clonal myeloid disorders. Most affected patients suffer from the classic BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), especially polycythemia vera (74% of n = 506), but a subset of people with essential thrombocythemia (36% of n = 339) or myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (44% of n = 127) bear the identical mutation, as do a few individuals with myelodysplastic syndromes or an atypical myeloid disorder (7% of n = 556). This long-sought common mutation in BCR/ABL1-negative MPD raises many provocative biological and clinical questions, and demands re-evaluation of prevailing diagnostic algorithms for erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis. JAK2 V617F may provide novel molecular targets for drug therapy, and suggests other places to seek cooperating mutations or mutations associated with similar phenotypes. The story of this exciting finding will unfold rapidly in the years ahead, and ongoing developments will be important for all hematologists to understand.
Use of Pressure Offloading Devices in Diabetic Foot Ulcers (2008)

This study reports the usage and characteristics of offloading devices in the care of diabetic foot ulcers in a broadly distributed geographic sample. Less than 2% of specialists use what has been termed the "gold standard" (total contact cast) for treating the majority of diabetic foot ulcers.
Lymphocytes bearing Fc receptors for IgE. IV. Formation of IgE-binding factor by rat T lymphocytes. (1980)

Culture of mesenteric lymph node cells from rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis resulted in the release of a soluble factor (IgE-binding factor) that can inhibit rosette formation of Fc epsilon R(+) lymphocytes with IgE-coated red cells. The factor is specifically absorbed with IgE-coated Sepharose. It has a m.w. of between 10,000 and 20,000. The major source of IgE-binding factor appears to be Fc epsilon R(+) T cells. The formation of IgE-binding factor by the lymphocytes was enhanced by IgE added to the culture medium. Evidence was obtained that Fc epsilon R(+) cells are involved in the induction of IgE-induced factor formation. Normal rat lymphocytes cultured alone failed to release IgE-binding factor, but incubation of normal lymphocytes with rat IgE resulted in the formation of IgE-binding factor and an increase in the proportion of Fc epsilon R(+) cells. It was also found that normal T cells formed the soluble factor upon incubation with IgE. In the induction of factor formation by normal lymphocytes, Fc gamma R(+) cells are essential; an Fc gamma R-depleted fraction failed to form IgE-binding factor upon incubation with IgE. The results suggest that interaction of IgE with Fc epsilon R(+) T cells and Fc gamma R(+) T cells induces the formation of IgE-binding factor(s).
Corrosion Monitoring and Control in Concrete Sewer Pipes (1991)

A crown flushing technique for reducing the low pH caused on concrete sewer pipes by Thiobacillus bacteria has been evaluated using a corrosion monitoring system consisting of bare steel electrodes, steel electrodes embedded in concrete, and pH electrodes. Data for these sensors have been taken simultaneously every 10 min for several months in a corrosion chamber fed with sewer gas. In addition, laboratory experiments have been performed with this sensor system in the absence of intentionally added bacteria. Impedance data serve as a very sensitive indicator of the initiation of corrosion on steel in concrete.
Nucleotide sequence of the open reading frames adjacent to the coat protein cistron in potato virus X genome (1987)

The cloned cDNA copies corresponding to 1300 nucleotides adjacent to the 3'‐terminal poly(A) tract of the potato virus X (PVX) genome have been sequenced. The amino acid sequences of three open reading frames were deduced from the nucleotide sequence. Two putative small nonstructural polypeptides corresponding to the open reading frames adjacent to the coat protein cistron possess some properties of membrane‐associated proteins. Direct sequence homology and common structural peculiarities exist between the PVX small proteins and the putative small nonstructural proteins encoded by RNA 2 of hordeiviruses and furoviruses
Modification of blood pressure and nictitating membrane response to sympathetic amines by selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, types A and B, in the cat (1985)

The selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors clorgyline, selegiline and AGN 1135 did not cause a change in responses of the cat nictitating membrane to preganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation at 5 Hz. Both selective MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors markedly potentiated nictitating membrane contractions in response to beta-phenylethylamine (PEA). However, the responses to tyramine were unchanged. The pressor responses to tyramine were potentiated by the selective MAO-A inhibitor clorgyline (2 mg kg-1) but not by selegiline (1.0 mg kg-1) and AGN 1135 (1.5 mg kg-1), selective MAO-B inhibitors. At the doses used selegiline and AGN 1135 caused a near total selective inhibition of liver and brain MAO-B, while clorgyline inhibited MAO-A only in the brain. AGN 1135, like selegiline, could be a useful drug in potentiating the action of L-DOPA in Parkinson's disease.
Oomycete genetics and genomics : diversity, interactions, and research tools (2009)

FOREWORD. PREFACE. CONTRIBUTORS. Chapter 1 The Evolutionary Phylogeny of Oomycetes-Insights Gained from Studies of Holocarpic Parasites of Algae and Invertebrates ( Gordon W. Beakes and Satoshi Sekimoto ). Chapter 2 Ecology of Lower Oomycetes ( Martina Strittmatter, Claire M.M. Gachon, and Frithjof C. Kupper ). Chapter 3 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) ( Marco Thines, Hermann Voglmayr, and Markus Goker ). Chapter 4 An Introduction to the White Blister Rusts (Albuginales) ( Marco Thines and Hermann Voglmayr ). Chapter 5 The Asexual Life Cycle ( Adrienne R. Hardham ). Chapter 6 Sexual Reproduction in Oomycetes: Biology, Diversity, and Contributions to Fitness ( Howard S. Judelson ). Chapter 7 Population Genetics and Population Diversity of Phytophthora infestans ( William E. Fry, Niklaus J. Grunwald, David E.L. Cooke, Adele McLeod, Gregory A. Forbes, and Keqiang Cao ). Chapter 8 Phytophthora capsici: Sex, Selection, and the Wealth of Variation ( Kurt Lamour ). Chapter 9 Evolution and Genetics of the Invasive Sudden Oak Death Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum ( Niklaus J. Grunwald and Erica M. Goss ). Chapter 10 Phytophthora sojae: Diversity Among and Within Populations ( Anne Dorrance and Niklaus J. Grunwald ). Chapter 11 Pythium Genetics ( Frank Martin ). Chapter 12 Bremia lactucae and Lettuce Downy Mildew ( Richard Michelmore, Oswaldo Ochoa, and Joan Wong ). Chapter 13 Downy Mildew of Arabidopsis Caused by Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Formerly Hyaloperonospora parasitica) ( Nikolaus L. Schlaich and Alan Slusarenko ). Chapter 14 Interactions Between Phytophthora infestans and Solanum ( Mireille van Damme, Sebastian Schornack, Liliana M. Cano, Edgar Huitema, and Sophien Kamoun ). Chapter 15 Phytophthora sojae and Soybean ( Mark Gijzen and Dinah Qutob ). Chapter 16 Phytophthora brassicae As a Pathogen of Arabidopsis ( Felix Mauch, Samuel Torche, Klaus Schlappi, Lorelise Branciard, Khaoula Belhaj, Vincent Parisy, and Azeddine Si-Ammour ). Chapter 17 Aphanomyces euteiches and Legumes ( Elodie Gaulin, Arnaud Bottin, Christophe Jacquet, and Bernard Dumas ). Chapter 18 Effectors ( Brett M. Tyler ). Chapter 19 Pythium insidiosum and Mammalian Hosts ( Leonel Mendoza ). Chapter 20 Saprolegnia-Fish Interactions ( Emma J. Robertson, Victoria L. Anderson, Andrew J. Phillips, Chris J. Secombes, Javier Dieguez-Uribeondo, and Pieter van West ). Chapter 21 Aphanomyces astaci and Crustaceans ( Lage Cerenius, M. Gunnar Andersson, and Kenneth Soderhall ). Chapter 22 Progress and Challenges in Oomycete Transformation ( Howard S. Judelson and Audrey M.V. Ah-Fong ). Chapter 23 In Planta Expression Systems ( Vivianne G.A.A. Vleeshouwers and Hendrik Rietman ). Chapter 24 Gene Expression Profiling ( Paul R.J. Birch and Anna O. Avrova ). Chapter 25 Mechanisms and Application of Gene Silencing in Oomycetes ( Stephen C. Whisson, Anna O. Avrova, Laura J. Grenville Briggs, and Pieter van West ). Chapter 26 Global Proteomics and Phytophthora ( Alon Savidor ). Chapter 27 Strategy and tactics for genome sequencing ( Michael C. Zody and Chad Nusbaum ). INDEX.
79‐4L: Late‐News Paper : Highly Transparent LCD using New Scattering‐type Liquid Crystal with Field Sequential Color Edge Light (2017)

We have developed highly transparent color liquid crystal display (LCD) using newly developed scattering‐type liquid crystal, which shows transparent state when voltage is not applied, with field sequential color (FSC) driving method without employing color filter and polarizer. Furthermore the light is directly introduced to the panel glass substrates from the edge of the substrates (not from back surface). At surface of the substrates, the light takes a total reflection by difference of refractive index between glasses and air. So the light propagates through the substrate. On the other hand, when a voltage as higher than a threshold voltage (Vth) is applied to liquid crystal (LC) layer, the light is scattered towards the viewers. This newly developed display has high transmittance (80%), wide color gamut and fast response time.
Hydrogen sulfide and inflammation: the good, the bad, the ugly and the promising (2010)

Hydrogen sulfide is rapidly gaining ground as a physiological mediator of inflammation, but there is no clear consensus as to its precise role in inflammatory signaling. This article discusses the disparate anti-inflammatory ('the good') and proinflammatory ('the bad') effects of endogenous and pharmacological H(2)S in disparate animal model and cell culture systems. We also discuss 'the ugly', such as problems of using wholly specific inhibitors of enzymatic H(2)S synthesis, and the use of pharmacological donor compounds, which release H(2)S too quickly to be physiologically representative of endogenous H(2)S synthesis. Furthermore, recently developed slow-release H(2)S donors, which offer a more physiological approach to understanding the complex role of H(2)S in acute and chronic inflammation ('the promising') are discussed.
Sequence-selective inhibition of restriction endonucleases by the polyintercalator bis(methidium)spermine (1982)

The design of site-specific probes of double helical nucleic acid&#13;\nis complicated by the fact that the critical recognition features&#13;\nof a defined base sequence are still not well understood. We&#13;\nrecently reported that the nucleic acid binding affinity of the&#13;\npolyinterialator bis(methidium)spermine (BMSP) was substantially&#13;\nincreased over that of the corresponding monomer,&#13;\nethidium bromide (EB). In addition, from binding studies with&#13;\nnucleic acid homopolymers and copolymers, BMSp was found to&#13;\nhave substantially increased sequence specificity. If this sequence-&#13;\nselective binding is found in heterogeneous DNA, BMSp&#13;\nmight selectively inhibit DNA-dependent enzymes. To test for&#13;\nselectivity with a noncovalently binding molecule, a "kinetic&#13;\nsampling" assay was devised. We report that the dimer,&#13;\nBMSp, selectively inhibits restriction sites on the pBR322 plasmid,&#13;\nwhile the monomer, EB, shows no selective action in&#13;\ncompetition with any of the restriction enzymes utilized.
Tumor immunity within the central nervous system stimulated by recombinant Listeria monocytogenes vaccination. (2002)

Tumors arising within the central nervous system (CNS) present the immune system with a challenging target, given the heterogeneous nature of these neoplasms and their location within an "immunologically privileged" site. We used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a pseudotumor antigen to investigate recombinant Listeria monocytogenes as a tumor vaccine against s.c. and intracerebral challenges with a NP-expressing glioma, 9L-NP. Using Fischer 344 rats, we demonstrate that vaccination with recombinant L. monocytogenes-NP stimulates protection against s.c., but not intracerebral, 9L-NP tumor challenge in an antigen-specific, CD8(+) T-cell-dependent manner. After s.c. tumor rejection, enhanced antitumor immunity is achieved via epitope spreading that permits complete resistance against lethal intracerebral challenge with 9L-NP and with the untransfected parental 9L tumor. Unlike the CD8(+)-dependent immune responses against s.c. 9L-NP tumors, this expanded intracerebral immunity against endogenous tumor-associated antigens is dependent on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the mechanisms of tumor immunity within the brain are different from those elicited against non-CNS tumors. Furthermore, vaccination approaches exploiting the concept of epitope spreading may enhance the efficacy of antitumor immune responses within the immunologically privileged CNS, potentially mediating tumor cell killing through both CD4(+)- and CD8(+)-dependent effector pathways.
Structural basis for regulation in gram-negative bacterial citrate synthases. (1987)

The citrate synthases of Gram-negative bacteria, unlike those of eukaryotes, are inhibited allosterically by NADH, but the two kinds of citrate synthase are about 30% homologous in amino acid sequence--the two Gram-negative citrate synthase sequences so far determined, from Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter anitratum, are about 70% identical. A model for the NADH-sensitive E. coli citrate synthase has been constructed using sequence homology and the known structure of the pig heart enzyme. The most reactive cysteine in the E. coli enzyme, which probably marks the NADH binding site, has now been identified as Cys-206. The model places this residue far from the active site. An E. coli citrate synthase mutant, from which a stretch of 24 amino acids has been deleted near the active site, still binds NADH normally. Two active site missense mutants of this enzyme, generated by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, have lower affinities for one substrate, oxaloacetate, but also are much less sensitive to 2-oxoglutarate, an oxaloacetate analogue hitherto believed to be an allosteric inhibitor. These results confirm that NADH binds to a truly allosteric site in E. coli citrate synthase, the features of which are still to be defined; while 2-oxoglutarate is really an active-site directed inhibitor, although it may still play a regulatory role in vivo.
An Approach to the Analysis of Repeated Measurements (1988)

A linear model for repeated measurements is proposed in which the correlation structure within each time sequence of measurements includes parameters for measurement error, variation between experimental units, and serial correlation within units. An approach to data analysis is presented which involves preliminary analysis by ordinary least squares, use of the empirical semi-variogram of residuals to suggest a suitable correlation structure, and formal inference using likelihood-based methods. Applications to two biological data sets are described.
High density contactless, self aligned EPROM cell array technology (1986)

A revolutionary EPROM cell technology has been developed. Its suitability to realize high density memories with performance and reIiability comparable to the conventional EPROMS has been demonstrated with a 64K bit density vehicle. This self-aligned contactless cell is in a crosspoint array configuration, and occupies 33 percent less area than a conventional cell at comparable design rules. The planar, contactless technology has enhanced manufacturability, scalability and is ideally suited for memories beyond megabit density.
Antibody to Hepatitis B Virus Induced by Injecting Antibodies to the Idiotype (1984)

Anti-idiotype reagents that recognize a common idiotype associated with antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were used to induce anti-HBs in mice. The anti-idiotype-induced anti-HBs was found to recognize the group-specific a determinant of hepatitis B surface antigen and to express an interspecies idiotype. These findings suggest that anti-idiotypes may be useful as vaccines or vaccine primers.
A dual-armed robotic system for intraoperative ultrasound guided hepatic ablative therapy: a prospective study (2004)

There has been increased interest in minimally invasive ablative treatments that typically require precise placement of the ablator tool to meet the predefined planning and lead to efficient tumor destruction. Standard ablative procedures involve free hand transcutaneous ultrasonography (TCUS) in conjunction with manual tool positioning. Unfortunately, existing TCUS systems suffer from many limitations and result in failure to identify nearly half of all treatable liver lesions. Freehand manipulation of the ultrasound (US) probe and ablator tool lacks the critical level of control, accuracy, stability, and guaranteed performance required for these procedures. Freehand US results in undefined gap distribution, anatomic deformation due to variable pressure from the sonographer's hand, and severe difficulty in maintaining optimal scanning position. In response to these limitations, we propose the use of a dual robotic arm system that manages both ultrasound manipulation and needle guidance. We report a prototype of the dual arm system and a comparative performance analysis between robotic vs. freehand systems, for both US scanning and needle placement in mechanical and animal tissue phantoms.
Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy-from a fluorophore and specimen perspective (1996)

Two-photon laser scanning microscopy is discussed from a fluorophore and specimen point of view. Issues to be considered in the selection of the fluorophore and in specimen preparation for multiphoton microscopy are described. The transverse resolution is estimated, based on a photobleaching method. We also show that the performance of a multiphoton laser scanning microscope is significantly enhanced by the use of a confocal aperture.
Bioflavours and fragrances via fermentation and biocatalysis (2002)

Abstract A condensed overview is given of the potential offered by bacteria, fungi and yeasts to produce a wide range of bioflavours and fragrances. A few commercialised processes are also discussed. The advantages of microbial processes versus chemical synthesis or extraction are outlined. Both de novo fermentation processes as well as bioconversions based on adding specific precursors/intermediates to microbial cells or enzymes are illustrated via typical examples. Bottlenecks, which currently hinder a wider introduction of this flavour biotechnology, are indicated and some solutions are proposed. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Monoclonal antibodies specific for Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharides: clones binding to type IV, V, and VI antigens, group 3,4 antigen, and an epitope common to all Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 stains (1987)

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with Shigella flexneri O antigens were generated in both mouse and rat systems. Antibody-producing hybridomas were screened in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using chemically defined lipopolysaccharides as antigens, and the epitope specificities were determined with a panel of lipopolysaccharides and synthetic O-antigen-specific glycoconjugates as antigens. To verify the specificity seen in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the antibodies were used in agglutination against a large number of S. flexneri strains. Monoclonal antibodies with the following specificities were identified: type, antigen IV (reactive with serotype 4a and 4b bacteria); type antigen V (reactive with serotype 5a and 5b bacteria); type antigen VI (reactive with serotype 6 bacteria); group antigen 3,4(reactive with serotype 1a, 2a, 3b, 4a, 5a, and Y bacteria); and group antigen 1 (reactive with an epitope present on all S. flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 bacteria). Furthermore, a monoclonal antibody defining a new O-antigenic epitope present on some S. flexneri strains of serotypes 4a, X, and Y was characterized (4X). The monoclonal antibodies analyzed in this study define epitopes described by polyclonal antisera (type antigens IV, V, and VI), define a hitherto uncharacterized epitope (group antigen 1), and finally identify new epitopes in what has previously been considered as one epitope (group antigen 3,4 and type antigen IV). These immunochemically characterized monoclonal antibodies may have a powerful potential in studies of the importance of humoral immunity in shigellosis.
Filtering noisy ECG signals using the extended kalman filter based on a modified dynamic ECG model (2005)

In this paper an extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been proposed for the filtering of noisy ECG signals. The method is based on a modified nonlinear dynamic model, previously introduced for the generation of synthetic ECG signals. An automatic parameter selection method has also been suggested, to adapt the model with a vast variety of normal and abnormal ECG signals. The results show that the EKF output is able to track the original ECG signal shape even in the most noisiest epochs of the ECG signal. The proposed method may serve as an efficient filtering procedure for applications such as the noninvasive extraction of fetal cardiac signals from maternal abdominal signals
Optical transitions intensities in spectra of the RZE formated activated by Eu/sup 3 +/ (1985)

The intensity distribution in the Eu/sup 3 +/ ion fluorescence spectra in rare-earth formates is studied. The Judd-Ofelt parameters Omega/sub k/ and the ratio between the parameters of the crystal field B/sub 3//sup 0/ and B/sub 3//sup 3/ are obtained. Based on the consideration of the change in the above parameters in the series of rare-earth formates, the conclusions are made on the distortion character of the coordination polyhedron of the rare-earth ion.