gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Hec1 in Spindle Checkpoint Signaling and Kinetochore Recruitment of Mad1/Mad2 (2002)

The spindle checkpoint delays sister chromatid separation until all chromosomes have undergone bipolar spindle attachment. Checkpoint failure may result in chromosome mis-segregation and may contribute to tumorigenesis. We showed that the human protein Hec1 was required for the recruitment of Mps1 kinase and Mad1/Mad2 complexes to kinetochores. Depletion of Hec1 impaired chromosome congression and caused persistent activation of the spindle checkpoint, indicating that high steady-state levels of Mad1/Mad2 complexes at kinetochores were not essential for checkpoint signaling. Simultaneous depletion of Hec1 and Mad2 caused catastrophic mitotic exit, making Hec1 an attractive target for the selective elimination of spindle checkpoint-deficient cells.
The Human Myelomonocytic Cell Line U-937 as a Model for Studying Alterations in Steroid-Induced Monokine Gene Expression: Marked Enhancement of Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated lnterleukin-1β Messenger RNA Levels by 1,25- Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1991)

The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3], is a potent regulator of human monocyte/macrophage function in vitro. To establish a model for 1,25-(OH)2D3 regulation of human monocyte monokine synthesis, three human cell lines (U-937, THP-1, and HL-60) were examined for: 1) the presence of functional 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptors; 2) the accumulation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and IL-1 beta protein in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS); and 3) the regulation of this response by 1,25-(OH)2D3. All three cell lines expressed vitamin D receptor and had increased levels of IL-1 beta mRNA in response to LPS. Preincubation of cells with 1,25-(OH)2D3 augmented IL-1 beta mRNA levels only in U-937 and HL-60 cells. From these data, and taking into consideration their state of differentiation and relative ease of culture, U-937 was chosen over HL-60 and THP-1 as the cell line we further characterized. In U-937 cells, optimum time and dose of pretreatment with 1,25-(OH)2D3 were determined to be 12-24 h at a receptor saturating concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 (10 nM). Preincubation of cells with 1,25-(OH)2D3 had no effect on the time course of IL-1 beta mRNA appearance in response to LPS. However, exposure of U-937 cells to 1,25-(OH)2D3 increased by 200% the level of IL-1 beta mRNA detected and decreased by three orders of magnitude the concentration of LPS required to achieve steady state mRNA levels equivalent to those observed in U-937 cells not preincubated with the hormone.2+o
Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges (2012)

The worldwide incidence of bone disorders and conditions has trended steeply upward and is expected to double by 2020, especially in populations where aging is coupled with increased obesity and poor physical activity. Engineered bone tissue has been viewed as a potential alternative to the conventional use of bone grafts, due to their limitless supply and no disease transmission. However, bone tissue engineering practices have not proceeded to clinical practice due to several limitations or challenges. Bone tissue engineering aims to induce new functional bone regeneration via the synergistic combination of biomaterials, cells, and factor therapy. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of bone tissue engineering, highlighting the current state of this field. Further, we review the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration. Specifically, we discuss widely investigated biomaterial scaffolds, micro- and nano-structural properties of these scaffolds, and the incorporation of biomimetic properties and/or growth factors. In addition, we examine various cellular approaches, including the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and their clinical application strengths and limitations. We conclude by overviewing the challenges that face the bone tissue engineering field, such as the lack of sufficient vascularization at the defect site, and the research aimed at functional bone tissue engineering. These challenges will drive future research in the field.
기포 콘크리트 기반의 인공 경량식생토양 개발을 위한 기초연구 (2017)

This study examined a feasibility to produce lightweight soils for vegetation using aerated concrete. The aerated concrete produced primarily using cement and foam agent was crushed into 1~100 mm particles in accordance with the particle distribution of natural soils. The alkalinity of aerated concrete particles was reduced to near neutral level through the immersion into ammonium dihydrophosphate solution. To examine the applicability of the near-neutralized particles for vegetation soils, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, C/N ratio, and total organic content were measured and compared with the common criteria values recommended in the landscape standard specification. The near-neutralized particles met the standard value for soil acidity and cation exchange capacity but had higher values for electrical conductivity than the standard ranges. Overall, the vegetation soils using neutralized aerated concrete particles require an addition of carbonic or organic fertilizer.
Comparison Between Civilian Burns and Combat Burns From Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom (2006)

Mortality does not differ between civilians evacuated locally and military personnel injured in distant austere environments treated at the same center.
Less Hype, More Biology Needed for Gene Therapy (1995)

A tough review of the state of the art in gene therapy has concluded that the technology has been oversold, there are few unambiguous examples in which patients have benefited from the technique, and the National Institutes of Health has supported too many clinical trials that are of limited scientific value. The bottom line: More research is needed to improve basic gene transfer techniques. (Report is available from the World Wide Web at http://www.nih.gov/news/panelrep.html ).
Reputation-aware Transaction Mechanisms in Grid Resource Market (2007)

In the grid resource market, there is a severe information asymmetry problem between the resource providers and the resource consumers. It leads to dishonest trades and results in the great loss of the resource consumers. We propose two mechanisms named reputation-aware aggregate mechanism and reputation-aware double auction mechanism to solve this problem: a resource provider's reputation value reflects the reliability of its resources; our mechanisms decide the trades between resource providers and consumers in terms of both reputation and price. The simulation results show that the reputation-aware aggregate mechanism and the reputation-aware double auction mechanism can both obviously decrease the loss of the resource consumers. The latter is more flexible and it reflects the traders' wish better than the former at the expense of slightly reducing the honest deal times. They are efficient methods to solve the information asymmetry problem.
Characterization of a Retrovirus Isolated from Normal Mink Cells Co-cultivated with a Dog Mammary Tumour (1979)

A retrovirus antigenically distinct from known type C, B and D viruses was isolated from normal mink (Mustela vison) lung cells that had been co-cultivated with 5-iododeoxyuridine- and dexamethasone-treated dog mammary tumour cells. Cytogenetic studies of the virus-releasing co-culture showed mitotic figures identical to the normal mink cell line (MvlLu) with the exception of a low frequency of cells with extensive chromosomal breakage and uncoiling. The new virus bands at a buoyant density of 1.16 g/ml, contains 60S RNA and a reverse transcriptase which prefers Mn2+ over Mg2+ for the synthesis of DNA. This enzyme utilizes poly(rA).oligo(dT) more efficiently than poly(dA).oligo(dT) and is also able to synthesize DNA copies from the endogenous RNA. Morphologically, it is a typical type C virus. Filtered virus readily infects mink, dog and other mammalian cells indicating the amphotropic nature of its cell growth requirement. Hybridization studies showed that normal mink DNA contains multiple copies of proviral sequences of this newly isolated virus. Serological analyses indicate that the mink endogenous virus contains in its core protein, in addition to the interspecies type-C determinant, an antigenic component related to one of the determinants found in the feline leukaemia virus p30 protein. This determinant is not present in the Rauscher leukaemia virus, RD114 virus or simian sarcoma virus.
Gastrointestinal motility disorders and bacterial overgrowth (1995)

Data on the relationship between small intestinal motility, absorption, and nutrition are sparse and incomplete. Yet, impaired motility is considered to be a plausible cause of bacterial overgrowth, which may have deleterious effects on digestion and absorption. This review discusses the scientific validity and clinical relevance of the concept that intestinal motor abnormalities are responsible for enteric bacterial overgrowth. Disorders associated with intestinal dysmotility and bacterial overgrowth, are illuminated, and concurrent studies of intestinal motility and microflora are focused on in detail. Moreover, practical considerations are given with regard to the clinical management of patients with bacterial overgrowth. Available data allow the conclusion to be drawn that impaired intestinal motility, as evidenced by attenuated migrating motor complex activity, results in bacterial overgrowth. The criteria for an intestinal motility disorder likely to result in bacterial overgrowth have been determined in patients with late radiation enteropathy, but studies in other clinical conditions are needed to establish general guidelines.
Investigation of the Stability of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Using Factorial Design (1988)

Using drug concentration remaining at a given time as the criterion, a 24x3 factorial design has been employed to investigate the effects of temperature, light, media (aqueous or organic/aqueous), ionic strength and pH on the stability of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Following the application of first order kinetics, and assuming an additive model, the statistical significance of the factors and their interactions have been determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the dependent variable ln(lnCo-InC). The results indicate that temperature, pH and media are the major factors responsible for the stability of drug. The two-way interaction between temperature and pH, and the three-way interaction between temperature, light and ionic strength are also significant. It is found that doxorubicin is more stable in non-aqueous media at low temperature and low pH values. A combination of darkness and low ionic strength is also conducive to its stability.
OPERA: an optical packet experimental routing architecture with label swapping capability (1998)

This paper describes experimental and simulation results of the optical packet experimental routing architecture (OPERA) project. The OPERA network is based on a novel optical network interface router design that is optically regenerative and supports optical Internet protocol related functions including label swapping, packet routing and forwarding operations and wavelength reuse. Routing is based on subcarrier multiplexed header addressing, packet-rate wavelength conversion, and arrayed waveguide router technology. The routers are cascadable and use a unique double stage wavelength converter that supports header regeneration/replacement and maintains the payload extinction ratio. This approach overcomes dispersion limitations normally encountered using double sideband subcarrier multiplexing across a network. A discrete time simulation of the physical transport in an 8-hop network is reported. Multihop routing is experimentally demonstrated between two all-optical nodes and three input-output (I-O) ports of a waveguide grating array router. Packet-rate subcarrier header processing and wavelength conversion between six wavelengths is shown with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of recovered payload and headers at each hop.
Estrategias de vida y rutas de desarrollo de jóvenes rurales en Nicaragua: los casos en Muy Muy y Matiguás (2011)

Existe una preocupación creciente en la industria del desarrollo sobre la situación de hombres y mujeres jóvenes creciendo en contextos de pobreza. Sin embargo, aún hay una escasez de investigación que dé cuenta de lo que ocurre en la vida diaria de los jóvenes y la forma en que éstos experimentan y tratan de manejar las situaciones de pobreza. Los estudios de juventud generalmente consideran a las personas jóvenes como pasivos receptáculos de las decisiones y políticas definidas por los adultos, y tienden a ignorar la capacidad que tienen las personas jóvenes de generar riqueza. En el presente artículo enfatizamos la necesidad de hacer investigación más profunda sobre las estrategias de vida de los jóvenes y su transición hacia la adultez. Sobre la base de estudios de caso de jóvenes rurales nicaragüenses, analizamos cómo los jóvenes de Muy Muy y Matiguás negocian sus estrategias de vida con sus padres, con la perspectiva de acumular recursos necesarios para lograr independizarse. En el desenvolvimiento de sus estrategias de vida reconocemos a los jóvenes como agentes activos del desarrollo de sus hogares y localidades. En esta medida, promovemos que las instituciones de desarrollo razonen sobre las iniciativas de los jóvenes en sus intervenciones de desarrollo. En este sentido, el presente estudio tiene la perspectiva no sólo de enriquecer el debate académico alrededor de las estrategias de vida de os jóvenes sino también de proveer insumos a las organizaciones que implementan estrategias de desarrollo con jóvenes en Nicaragua y la región.
Molecular mobility in the cytoplasm: An approach to describe and predict lifespan of dry germplasm (2000)

Molecular mobility is increasingly considered a key factor influencing storage stability of biomolecular substances, because it is thought to control the rate of detrimental reactions responsible for reducing the shelf life of, for instance, pharmaceuticals, food, and germplasm. We investigated the relationship between aging rates of germplasm and the rotational motion of a polar spin probe in the cytoplasm under different storage conditions using saturation transfer electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Rotational motion of the spin probe in the cytoplasm of seed and pollen of various plant species changed as a function of moisture content and temperature in a manner similar to aging rates or longevity. A linear relationship was established between the logarithms of rotational motion and aging rates or longevity. This linearity suggests that detrimental aging rates are associated with molecular mobility in the cytoplasm. By measuring the rotational correlation times at low temperatures at which experimental determination of longevity is practically impossible, this linearity enabled us to predict vigor loss or longevity. At subzero temperatures, moisture contents for maximum life span were predicted to be higher than those hitherto used in genebanks, urging for a reexamination of seed storage protocols.
Selecting an optimal set of transmit antennas for a low rank matrix channel (2002)

Previous work has shown that the use of multiple antennas in a fading environment results in a linear increase in capacity. This paper examines the capacity of a multiple antenna element array (MEA) in a quasi-static flat fading environment with a rank deficient channel. We assume that the channel is known at the receiver and the existence of a feedback path to the transmitter. For a particular channel realization, we show that the judicious use of fewer transmit antennas when the channel matrix is ill-conditioned can increase system capacity. We develop a criterion for selecting an optimum set of transmit antennas. This selection is optimal in the sense that the capacity of the resulting MEA system is greater than that for any other configuration with the same number of transmit antennas chosen from the original set. The resulting channel is full rank.
Importance of Developing Analytical Listening Skills While Teaching English as a Second Language to A Mixed Ability Class (2011)

There are two different kinds of languages. Our first language or native language is the language we are born into. The second kind of language is called a second language or a foreign language. Mixed ability classes are a fact of not only language classes but of all courses. Since no two students can be the same in terms of language background, learning speed, learning ability and motivation, it is a utopian view to think that our classes could be homogeneous in terms of these aspects; no matter where we live in the world or at which school we teach. Therefore, the language teachers should be aware of the problems of mixed ability classes and their solutions to identify the source of troubles in their classes and to cure them.
The factor of factor XI deficiency in thyroid neoplasia. (1986)

Forty-three patients with factor XI deficiency detected by prolonged partial thromboplastin times were reviewed over an 11-year period. They were predominantly Ashkenazim--18 men and 25 women--ranging in age from 20 to 92 years. Thirteen patients had a history of bleeding, and eight had a family history of factor XI deficiency. Six patients with thyroid disease with four significant tumors were found for a 9% incidence of associated neoplasia. These consisted of two adenomas and two papillary-mixed cancers in two men distinguished by an aggressive course by virtue of extensive nodal disease, local recurrence, and systemic metastases in whom factor XI was profoundly decreased. It would appear that there is an undue association of factor XI deficiency and thyroid neoplasia suggestive of a shared genetic disturbance. These cases illustrate the benefit of routine preoperative coagulopathy screening by use of prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and platelet counts. Factor XI deficiency is an infrequent cause of excessive bleeding, and the operative morbidity of surgical management of affected individuals can be avoided by the use of fresh-frozen plasma before and after surgery.
Influence of Different Spatial Distributions of Current Density and Spin-Torque Efficiency in the Dynamics of Point-Contact Devices (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper deals with the influence of nonuniform distributions of both current density and spin-torque efficiency on the magnetization dynamics of point-contact devices. Results of micromagnetic calculations show how the inclusion of different spatial profiles could substantially affect both the magnetization dynamics in both time and frequency domain. </para>
Mapping Reentry Around Atriotomy Scars Using Double Potentials (1996)

Supraventricular arrhythmias, often seen in patients after cardiac surgery, may be associated with scars produced in the atria at the time of surgery. Double potentials, found in the presence of functional or anatomical block, can define the limits and critical regions of a reentrant circuit associated with the atriotomy scars. We describe six patients with seven distinct atrial tachycardias in whom atriotomy scars were successfully mapped during intraatrial reentry utilizing the presence and interelectrogram relationship of observed double potentials. The reentrant circuit was mapped in all patients by following the relationship between double potentials along the surgical scar, assuming that they would be widely split in the middle of the scar and merge into a single continuous fractionated potential at the apex of the scar. At this site, atrial pacing was performed to entrain the tachycardia and confirm the participation of the atriotomy scar in the clinically relevant atrial tachycardia. Radiofrequency ablation was performed from the site of electrogram fusion to the nearest anatomical obstacle. Five of seven atrial tachycardias were successfully ablated utilizing this technique over a mean follow-up of 10 months. We proposed that these double potentials and their interelectrogram relationship are an effective means of mapping atriotomy scars and guiding successful radiofrequency ablation.
Differentiation of Phylogenetically Related Slowly Growing Mycobacteria by Their gyrB Sequences (2000)

ABSTRACT The conventional methods for identifying mycobacterial species are based on their phenotypic characterization. Since some problematic species are slow growers, their taxonomy takes several weeks or months to identify. The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence-based identification strategy has been adopted to solve this problem. More recently, the gyrB sequences have been shown to be useful phylogenetic markers for the identification of species. We determined the gyrB sequences of 43 slowly growing strains belonging to 15 species in the genus Mycobacterium . The frequencies of base substitutions in the gyrB sequences were comparable to those in the 16S-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The ITS sequences of four species belonging to the M. tuberculosis complex ( M. tuberculosis , M. bovis , M. africanum , and M. microti ) were 100% identical, while four synonymous substitutions were found in the gyrB sequences of these strains. Based on the differences found in the gyrB sequences, we developed PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods to discriminate these species.
Antiviral Activity of N -Phenyl- N ′-Aryl- or Alkylthiourea Derivatives in Coxsackie Virus Infections in Mice (1974)

The effect of five derivatives of N-phenyl-N'-aryl- or alkylthiourea-inhibitors of the multiplication of Coxsackie virus B1 and other picornaviruses in vitro-was tested in experimental infections with Coxsackie viruses B1, B3, A6, and A7 in newborn mice. Under the action of N-phenyl-N'-3-hydroxyphenylthiourea (no. 23) and N-phenyl-N'-4-carboxy-5-hydroxyphenylthiourea (no. 20) a two- to threefold reduction in mortality was observed, as well as an appreciable delay in the course of the disease (mean effective dose, lengthening by 2 to 6 days) after infection with Coxsackie viruses B1, B3, and A7. The infection with Coxsackie virus A6 was affected only by compound no. 23 and, at that, to a low degree. If the antiviral effect is to be obtained, the compounds must be applied daily (once subcutaneously) from the 24th to the 144th h after virus inoculation, a period which corresponds to the incubation period and the beginning of the manifested infection. On the basis of these data, as well as of the relatively high selectivity (therapeutic index of 3 to 20), the two indicated substances may be considered to be reliable antiviral chemotherapeutic agents.
RELPs for epidermal growth factor (EGF), a single copy sequence at 4q25-4q27 (1986)

Journal Article RELPs for epidermal growth factor (EGF), a single copy sequence at 4q25-4q27 Get access J. C. Murray, J. C. Murray Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. R. DeHaven, C. R. DeHaven Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. I. Bell G. I. Bell +Chiron Corporation4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 14, Issue 12, 25 June 1986, Page 5117, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/14.12.5117 Published: 25 June 1986