gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Location finding using computer vision based approach (2008)

In this paper we propose a method for finding the location of a moving robot in an arena using an image processing approach. The main idea is to find some reference objects in the arena from the images captured by a camera and find a mapping between the size of the object in the image and the physical distance of the object. Combining the distance information from multiple reference points we can easily find the position of the robot on the arena. Experimental results reveal the success of the proposed technique by producing highly accurate results.
“Brush-First” Method for the Parallel Synthesis of Photocleavable, Nitroxide-Labeled Poly(ethylene glycol) Star Polymers (2012)

We describe the parallel, one-pot synthesis of core-photocleavable, poly(norbornene)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brush-arm star polymers (BASPs) via a route that combines the "graft-through" and "arm-first" methodologies for brush polymer and star polymer synthesis, respectively. In this method, ring-opening metathesis polymerization of a norbornene-PEG macromonomer generates small living brush initiators. Transfer of various amounts of this brush initiator to vials containing a photocleavable bis-norbornene cross-linker yielded a series of water-soluble BASPs with low polydispersities and molecular weights that increased geometrically as a function of the amount of bis-norbornene added. The BASP cores were cleaved upon exposure to UV light; the extent of photo-disassembly depended on the amount of cross-linker. EPR spectroscopy of nitroxide-labeled BASPs was used to probe differences between the BASP core and surface environments. We expect that BASPs will find applications as easy-to-synthesize, stimuli-responsive core-shell nanostructures.
ecancermedicalscience (2016)

Cancer is clearly the most deadly disease in the developed world as one in three people develop cancer during their lifetime. The cure for cancer is like the Holy Grail since most of the existing treatments are not effective enough to provide full protection from this disease. In recent years the burgeoning of sophisticated genomic, proteomic and bioinformatics techniques has made it possible for us to get a glimpse of the intricate interplay of numerous cellular genes and regulatory genetic elements that are responsible for the manifestation of cancerous phenotypes. With the use of modern genomic technologies we are now beginning to understand the enormous complexity of cancer. However there are few success stories as far as the treatment of cancer is concerned. For instance the treatments of leukemia and lymphoma have been established and proved to be satisfactory. Despite occasional successes the treatment for most cancers is still a long way from reality. In this editorial, we have addressed several reasons for the difficulties in cancer treatment.
Protocol for investment in health gain: Mental health (1993)

This Protocol is directed towards Health Authorities, Local Authorities, Community Health Councils, provider units and other organisations with an interest in mental distress and illness. Interventions with proven health gain potential are listed for a range of mental health problems. The main section on health gain is balanced by the following section which collates and clarifies the views of the users of mental health services. The final sections focus upon ways of driving forward a change towards a community service which uses resources as effectively as possible.
Addition of monoamine oxidase inhibitors to carbamazepine: preliminary evidence of safety and antidepressant efficacy in treatment-resistant depression. (1995)

This preliminary evidence suggests that the addition of MAOIs to carbamazepine +/- lithium may be well tolerated, may not affect carbamazepine and lithium pharmacokinetics, and may provide relief of refractory depressive symptoms in some patients. Further studies are needed to establish the safety and efficacy of combining carbamazepine with MAOIs.
Stocking strategy for service parts – a case study (2000)

Service part inventories cannot be managed by standard inventory control methods, as conditions for applying the underlying models are not satisfied. Nevertheless, the basic questions of inventory control have to be answered: Which parts should be stocked? Where should they be stocked? How many of them should be stocked? Presents a case study in which a pragmatic but structured approach is followed – a framework is developed and built into a spreadsheet. The resulting tool has been tested in a real‐life situation, indicating that considerable amounts of money can be saved.
Determination of the orientation of adsorbed molecules at solid-liquid interfaces by thin-layer electrochemistry: aromatic compounds at platinum electrodes (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of the orientation of adsorbed molecules at solid-liquid interfaces by thin-layer electrochemistry: aromatic compounds at platinum electrodesManuel P. Soriaga and Arthur T. HubbardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 10, 2735–2742Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00374a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00374a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views994Altmetric-Citations227LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-microphone residual echo estimation (2004)

Post-filters are a powerful extension to improve echo attenuation when combined with the well-known echo canceller. In order to guarantee high quality of the transmitted speech signal, the primary purpose of a post-filtering system is to estimate the power spectral density (PSD) of the residual echo at the output of the echo canceller as accurately as possible. We introduce a novel technique to estimate the residual echo by using a microphone array. The robustness against double-talk and other additive interferences is reached by means of minimum statistics and further enhanced by exploiting spatial information. Simulation results show that the new methods are able to estimate the residual echo even under adverse conditions.
Characterization of the Ectodomain Shedding of the β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein-cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) (2003)

Generation of the amyloid peptide through proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein by beta- and gamma-secretases is central to the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. beta-secretase, known more widely as the beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), has been identified as a transmembrane aspartic proteinase, and its ectodomain has been reported to be cleaved and secreted from cells in a soluble form. The extracellular domains of many diverse proteins are known to be cleaved and secreted from cells by a process known as ectodomain shedding. Here we confirm that the ectodomain of BACE1 is secreted from cells and that this processing is up-regulated by agents that activate protein kinase C. A metalloproteinase is involved in the cleavage of BACE1 as hydroxamic acid-based metalloproteinase inhibitors abolish the release of shed BACE1. Using potent and selective inhibitors, we demonstrate that ADAM10 is a strong candidate for the BACE1 sheddase. In addition, we show that the BACE1 sheddase is distinct from alpha-secretase and, importantly, that inhibition of BACE1 shedding does not influence amyloid precursor protein processing at the beta-site.
Peptide Binding and Release by Proteins Implicated as Catalysts of Protein Assembly (1989)

Two members of the hsp70 family, termed hsc70 and BiP, have been implicated in promoting protein folding and assembly processes in the cytoplasm and the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. Short hydrophilic (8 to 25 residues) synthetic peptides have now been tested as possible mimics of polypeptide chain substrates to help define an enzymatic basis for these activities. Both BiP and hsc70 have specific peptide binding sites. Peptide binding elicits hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, with the subsequent release of bound peptide.
Slickwater Fracturing: Food for Thought (2010)

Summary The evolution of fracturing technology has provided the industry with numerous advances, ranging from sophisticated fluid systems to tip-screenout designs to propagation modeling. Interestingly, these advances typically have focused on conventional designs that use a crosslinked-fluid system. However, as the development of unconventional (e.g., tight gas, shales, coalbed methane) or underpressured reservoirs has increased, so has the demand for innovative hydraulic-fracture designs. The most recent of these design changes has been the popular method of placing proppant with slickwater, linear gel, or hybrid treatments. Although our industry has significant expertise in fracture design, most of our experience has been in conventional crosslinked-fluid systems. However, there are many aspects of crosslinked-fluid design that either do not apply to slickwater treatments or, in some cases, are contrary to the requirements of slickwater treatments. This paper will begin by reviewing the motivation, benefits, and concerns with slickwater fracturing and discuss why this seemingly old method has regained popularity over conventional crosslinked designs in many reservoirs. In addition, the authors will detail some of the important theories related to slickwater fracturing, including fracture width and complexity, proppant transport and settling, and conductivity requirements. In each scenario, emphasis will be placed on the different strategy employed compared to crosslinked-fluid designs, and the mistakes or misunderstandings that are frequently made will be highlighted. Where appropriate, laboratory testing, field measurements, reference material, and other resources are presented to support the observations made by the authors. This paper will serve as a resource to any engineer or technician who is designing/pumping slickwater fracs, or who is considering this technology for potential application. By applying the concepts presented in this paper, engineers will be able to appropriately evaluate the potential benefits of using this technique in their completions, as well as draw on the experiences of others to take full advantage of this technology.
SOI CMOS with high-performance passive components for analog, RF, and mixed signal design (2002)

Summary form only given. Peregrine Semiconductor's UTSi/sup R/ silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) CMOS process is unique because it has a fully insulating substrate. This enables the design of higher performance resistors, capacitors, and inductors. The UTSi process consists of a thin (100 nm) "improved" silicon epitaxial layer on single crystal sapphire with dual polysilicon capacitors and three layers of Al metallization. All processing is standard CMOS processing for high manufacturability and reliability. The UTSi technology takes advantage of the sapphire substrate to improve resistor and inductor characteristics for high-performance analog and RF applications. Resistors with low parasitic capacitance, low TCR, and low voltage coefficients simplify the design of analog circuits. Highly linear double-poly capacitors also enable higher performance analog and RF design. The presence of high-Q inductors and capacitors and excellent isolation of the insulating substrate allow fully integrated MMICs to be designed in UTSi technology. These characteristics make UTSi an ideal technology for analog, RF integration, and mixed-signal products.
Linking Long-Term Dietary Patterns with Gut Microbial Enterotypes (2011)

Diet strongly affects human health, partly by modulating gut microbiome composition. We used diet inventories and 16S rDNA sequencing to characterize fecal samples from 98 individuals. Fecal communities clustered into enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet, but that enterotype identity remained stable during the 10-day study. Thus, alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet.
DNA-EIA to detect high and low risk HPV genotypes in cervical lesions with E6/E7 primer mediated multiplex PCR. (1998)

This test is simple, specific, sensitive, safe, fast, reproducible, and easy to use in routine practice. Thus, it is possible to detect simultaneously on a simple cervical scrape, two kinds of HPV--oncogenic and non-oncogenic--in just two microplate wells with non-isotopic oligoprobes.
On the Evolving Types, Characteristics and Research Value of Ancient Scientific and Technological Files in China (2010)

On the analysis of the history and types of ancient scientific and technological files, the author summarized its characteristics by comparison with modern scientific and technological files. Then he discussed its research values to ancient civilization, ancient scientific and technological history, policy and status of China. Keywords: Ancient,scientific and technological files,science and technology,scientific and technological documents,type,characteristics Resume Sur l’analyse de l’histoire et des types d’anciens archives scientifiques et technologiques, l’auteur a fait un resume ses caracteristiques par une comparaison avec les archives modernes scientifiques et technologiques. Ensuite, il a fait une discussion sur sa valeur de recherche sur l’ancienne civilisaiton, l’ancienne histoire scientifique et technologique, la politique et les statuts de la Chine. Mots-cles: ancien, les archives scientifiques et technologiques, science et technologie, les documents scientifiques et technologiques, type, caracteristiques 摘 要 本文基於古代科技檔案演進的歷史脈絡與形成類型，通過與現代科技檔案的比較研究，總結歸納出古代科技檔案的若干特點，進而分析古代科技檔案對於中國古代文明、中國古代科學技術史和古代科技政策及地位的研究價值。 關鍵詞：古代；科技檔案；科學技術；科技文獻；類型；特點
Surgery for female urinary incontinence (1992)

There has been very little advance in the surgery of female urinary incontinence over the past 20 years. In our opinion this is due to 1) uncritical acceptance of the intraabdominal pressure transmission theory, 2) uncritical acceptance of the concept of "detrusor instability," and 3) limited and uncritical evaluation of results of surgery. A new theory for female urinary incontinence is presented. This theory explains existing phenomena in terms of anatomic defects in the vagina and its supporting ligaments. Based on this theory, a new classification of female urinary incontinence and several new minimally invasive surgical procedures are briefly introduced.
Mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 enhances antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells independent of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling (2003)

Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSP) have been shown to enhance antigen processing and presentation through their association with antigenic peptides and delivery of these moieties into major histocompatibility complex class I pathways. In this study, mycobacterial Hsp65 is demonstrated to have the ability to help cross-present an exogenous protein by dendritic cells (DC) to CD8 T cells without the need for complex formation between Hsp65 and the protein. This abilit of Hsp65 to enhance cross-presentation is independent of its weak stimulatory effect on DC, the latter seen only after prolonged incubation. When the effect of lipopolysaccharide contamination is abrogated, Hsp65 is unable to activate Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 in the presence of CD14 and MD2. This accounts for the inability of Hsp65 to drive maturation of DC and shows that Hsp65 is not a potent stimulator of DC. Thus, Hsp65 enhances the cross-presentation of a soluble, free antigen by DC, independent of TLR4 signaling and up-regulation of costimulatory molecules.
An Anti‐angiogenic Reverse Thermal Gel as a Drug‐Delivery System for Age‐Related Wet Macular Degeneration (2013)

Reverse thermal gels have numerous biomedical implications, as they undergo physical gelation upon temperature increases and can incorporate biomolecules to promote tissue repair. Such a material is developed for the sustained release of bevacizumab (Avastin), a drug used to treat age-related macular degeneration. The polymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(serinol hexamethylene urethane) (ESHU), forms a physical gel when heated to 37 °C and shows good cytocompatibility with ocular cells. ESHU is capable of sustaining bevacizumab release over 17 weeks in vitro, and the release kinetics can be altered by changing the drug dose and the ESHU concentration. These results suggest that ESHU is biologically safe, and suitable for ocular drug delivery.
Functional analysis of an olfactory receptor in Drosophila melanogaster (2001)

Fifty nine candidate olfactory receptor (Or) genes have recently been identified in Drosophila melanogaster, one of which is Or43a. In wild-type flies, Or43a is expressed at the distal edge of the third antennal segment in about 15 Or neurons. To identify ligands for the receptor we used the Gal4/UAS system to misexpress Or43a in the third antennal segment. Or43a mRNA expression in the antenna of transformed and wild-type flies was visualized by in situ hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled probe. Electroantennogram recordings from transformed and wild-type flies were used to identify cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, benzaldehyde, and benzyl alcohol as ligands for the Or43a. This in vivo analysis reveals functional properties of one member of the recently isolated Or family in Drosophila and will provide further insight into our understanding of olfactory coding.
Novel Decoupling Capacitor Designs for sub- 90nm CMOS Technology (2006)

On-chip decoupling capacitors are generally used to reduce power supply noise. Traditional decoupling capacitor designs using NMOS devices may no longer be suitable for 90nm CMOS technology due to increased concerns on thin-oxide gate leakage and electrostatic discharge (ESD) reliability. A cross coupled design for standard cells have recently been proposed to address the ESD issue. In this paper, three modifications of the cross coupled design are introduced and the tradeoffs among ESD performance, transient response and gate leakage are analyzed. As shown here, the modifications offer designers greater flexibility in decoupling capacitor design for 90nm and below.
Haloenol lactones. Potent enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitors for alpha-chymotrypsin. (1983)

Haloenol lactones can act as enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitors for alpha-chymotrypsin: acyl transfer to the active site serine releases a halomethyl ketone that remains tethered in the active site during the lifetime of the acyl enzyme, poised to alkylate an accessible nucleophilic residue. To investigate the structural determinants for chymotrypsin suicide inactivation with haloenol lactones, we prepared a series of nine lactones, differing in ring size (6-membered valerolactones and 5-membered butyrolactones) and in the nature of the aromatic substituent (phenyl and alpha-naphthyl), and the halogen (bromine and iodine). The inactivating behavior of these lactones is characterized by a binding constant (Ki) and three rate constants, for inactivation (k2), catalytic hydrolysis (kc), and spontaneous hydrolysis (kh). The six-membered valerolactones were much more potent inactivators than the butyrolactones, having both higher affinity and more rapid inactivation; the alpha-naphthyl-substituted lactones were also more effective, but the nature of the halogen had relatively little effect. The spontaneous rate of hydrolysis of all of these lactones is low. The turnovers per inactivation of these lactones vary from 91-1.7, with some of the alpha-naphthyl-substituted lactones approaching ideal behavior (stoichiometric inactivation). These studies indicate that several haloenol lactones are effective enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitors of chymotrypsin, and that their potency and efficiency depends markedly upon certain structural features of the lactone system.
Detection of known mutation by proof-reading PCR (1998)

Proof-reading PCR (PR-PCR) is designed to detect known mutations within genomic DNA. It differs from standard PCR approaches in that one of the two primers has its 3' end aligned with a putative mutation site, and has its 3'-OH replaced by a blocking group. Distinguishing a mutant gene from wild-type depends upon preferential removal of the blocked 3' terminal nucleotide by the polymerase proof-reading activity when it is mismatched with the template. Preferential removal of the blocked nucleotide allows subsequent extension and selective amplification, and provides the basis for distinguishing mutant from normal genes. This method has been used here to detect a transition mutation within the P53 gene of HaCaT cells with verification by direct sequencing of the selectively amplified DNA.
ELISA (2003)

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAs) has been used as a convenient routine immunological assay for many specific antigens to monitor antibody responses to vaccination, and has replaced other methods, e.g., radioimmunoassay (FARR assay) (1,2). For example, ELISA using tetanus toxoid, 1diphtheria toxoid, Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) polysaccharide and Neisseria meningitidis A/C polysaccharide are used to determine serum antibodies following vaccination. In these assays, the antigen, e.g., toxoid (tetanus, diphtheria) or polysaccharide (Hib PRP, Men C) alone or conjugated to poly-L-lysine or methylated human serum albumin (mHSA), is coated onto plastic of 96-well microtiter plates (3-5). By direct or indirect methods the antibodies in serum samples can be detected using enzyme-linked secondary antibody conjugates, e.g., horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase, and appropriate substrates using color reaction at specific absorbance e.g., ODA405. The principle of the indirect ELISA is shown in Fig. 1. (6). Using dilutions of a standard serum or monoclonal antibody with known concentration of total/ specific antibody or given arbitrary units, it is possible to compare dilutions of unknown samples against a standard curve. In this chapter we demonstrate how to establish an ELISA for antibody to H. influenzae (Hi) inner-core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) epitopes.