gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro cellular immune response to measles viral glycoproteins: role of the antigen vector. (1987)

The capacity of measles virus and haemagglutinin (HA) and fusion (F) glycoproteins, presented either as soluble antigens, associated with liposomes or as Iscoms, to induce an in vitro primary and anamnestic cellular response was studied in syngeneic W/Fu rats using the MTT colorimetric assay. A primary cellular response was observed when the virus, HA + F liposomes or HA + F Iscoms were used as immunogens, but not when soluble HA + F glycoproteins were used. The irradiation of the naïve spleen cells at 500 rads allowed the generation of a primary response with the soluble antigens. All these primary responses were low, of similar intensity and dose-dependent. The responses were stronger after the stimulation of spleen cells from seropositive immune rats with virus, HA + F liposomes or HA + F Iscoms, whereas they were moderate after stimulation with soluble HA + F. In addition, far less antigenic material was required and the use of a vehicle for HA + F (liposomes, Iscoms) dramatically lowered the threshold of the sensitivity to the antigens. The immunization of rats with soluble HA + F glycoproteins resulted in the anergy of their spleen cells even to virus, HA + F liposomes or HA + F Iscoms. Again, irradiation of these cells could restore their ability to elicit a primary response to any type of HA + F immunogens. Using the lysosomotropic Leu-0-Met agent, all the cellular responses were found to be accessory cells dependent, the responses being restored after supplementation with 10% peritoneal exudate cells from naïve rats. These treatments did not break the immunosuppression induced by soluble HA + F glycoproteins. The uptake of the various immunogens by the murine macrophage cell line J774-1 was also studied using radioactively labelled virus and HA + F glycoproteins. The uptake of soluble HA + F was limited to 10-15%, whereas that of the other immunogens was almost complete. The data reported indicate that the modification of the supramolecular architecture of HA + F glycoproteins by their presentation in liposomes or Iscoms could modulate their immunogenicity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It could prevent the generation of a radiosensitive suppressive mechanism, increase the sensitivity to the antigen and the activation level of the responding cell population. Quantitative modifications are accessory cell dependent and initiated within the first hour of the stimulation.
Electrochemical detection in microcolumn separations (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical detection in microcolumn separationsAndrew G. Ewing, Jody M. Mesaros, and Peter F. GavinCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 9, 527A–537APublication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 1 April 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00081a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations152LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (8 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
[Gene clone of autoantigen hnRNP A2/B1 and research on expression in synovium]. (2001)

hnRNP A2/B1 cDNA has been cloned successfully and hnRNP A2/B1 might play an important role in rheumatoid synovitis.
Resultados de la capacitación a cuidadores de Adultos Mayores en el Departamento de Risaralda 2011 (Colombia) (2013)

Introduccion: se presentan los resultados de la capacitacion realizada a los cuidadores de adultos mayores en el departamento de Risaralda 2011. Metodos: estudio evaluativo con abordaje cualitativo. Se incluyeron todos los 121 cuidadores directos e indirectos de los 15 Centros de Bienestar del Anciano CBA) de los 14 municipios de Risaralda que tienen apoyo estatal; en total participaron 121 personas. Se organizaron 22 grupos focales. La informacion se grabo, transcribio, codifico y categorizo. Resultados: los cuidadores mostraron motivacion e interes en aprender nuevas formas de satisfacer las necesidades del adulto mayor institucionalizado. Se relevan tres categorias de analisis: compania, actividad fisica y proteccion. Conclusion: la intervencion educativa recoge la contribucion y el interes de directivas, trabajadores y cuidadores voluntarios de los CBA, en el mejoramiento de calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Abstract Introduction: we present the results of the training provided to caregivers of older adults in the department of Risaralda 2011. Methods: a qualitative approach evaluation. In total 121 direct and indirect caregivers of the 15 Elderly Welfare Centers (EWC) of the 14 municipalities of Risaralda, with government support. 22 focus groups were organized. The information was recorded, transcribed, coded and categorized. Results: caregivers showed motivation and interest in learning new ways to meet the needs of the institutionalized elderly. The relevant three categories of analysis was company, physical activity and protection. Conclusion: the educational inte rvention reflects the contribution and interest of directors, employees and volunteers caregivers of the EWC in improving quality of life of older adults. Keywords  Elderly; Housing for the Elderly; Service Training; Educational Evaluation; Nursing.
A coherent photonic wavelength-division switching system for broadband networks (1988)

A photonic wavelength-division (WD) switching system, utilizing a coherent wavelength switch, is proposed. Design consideration shows that over 1000 line capacity is possible, using a multi-stage switching network with 32 WD channels. The switching function was confirmed through two channel switching experiments, using 8 GHz-spaced 280 Mb/s optical FSK signals.
Effects of Hormone Deprivation, 2-Methoxyestradiol Combination Therapy on Hormone-Dependent Prostate Cancer In Vivo (2005)

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has potent antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. Its utility alone or in combination with other therapies for treating prostate cancer, however, has not been fully explored. Androgen-dependent and independent human prostate cancer cells were examined in vivo for their response to combination therapy. Efficacy was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay and measuring microvessel density (MVD) in excised tumors. Animals harboring hormone-dependent tumors treated with 2-ME alone, androgen deprivation therapy alone, or the combination of the two had a 3.1-fold, 5.3-fold, and 10.1-fold increase in apoptosis, respectively. For hormone-independent tumors, treatment with 2-ME resulted in a 2.43-fold increase in apoptosis and a 73% decrease in MVD. 2-ME was most effective against hormone-dependent tumors in vivo and combination therapy resulted in a significant increase in efficacy compared to no treatment controls and trended toward greater efficacy than either 2-ME or androgen deprivation alone. Combination therapy should be investigated further as an additional therapeutic option for early prostate cancer.
Adaptive delay concealment for Internet voice applications with packet based time-scale modification (2002)

Much effort has been involved in packet-level error control and delay jitter concealment for Internet audio applications. A packet-based time-scale modification scheme for speech signals is developed to provide adaptive delay concealment, at the receiver for an Internet voice session in this work. The adaptive playout algorithm strives to minimize packet droppings for late-arrival packets and premature packets while maintaining the end-to-end delay constraint. By stretching the length of voice segments and incorporating silence intervals, the proposed algorithm is able to accommodate fluctuating delays including delay spikes quickly. It is verified by experiments that the proposed adaptive playout algorithm improves the received speech intelligence under a tightly bounded average playout delay.
An Economic Spreadsheet Model to Determine Optimal Breeding and Replacement Decisions for Dairy Cattle (2004)

The aim of this paper is to describe a user-friendly spreadsheet culling model that was constructed to support economical, optimal breeding and replacement decisions on dairy farms. The model was based on the marginal net revenue technique. Inputs for the model can be entered for specific farm conditions, and the output is easily accessible. In the model, the retention pay-off (RPO) value of individual dairy cows was calculated. The RPO value of a cow is equal to the total additional profits that a producer can expect from trying to keep the cow until her optimal age, taking into account the changes of involuntary removal compared with her immediate replacement. To calculate the RPO values, the future production, revenues, and costs of dairy cows at different levels of milk production with different numbers of days open (DO) were determined. Furthermore, the ranges of carcass value, calf revenues, and the range of involuntary disposal rates of cows within and across lactations were taken into account. To illustrate the model, parameters in the model were chosen to represent a typical Holstein dairy herd in Pennsylvania. The results of this model are very comparable with earlier, more complex models that are more difficult to use on the farm. In addition to using the RPO values to evaluate the decision to breed or replace a cow, the costs per additional DO were estimated. Early conception was most profitable with the costs per additional DO varying from $0 to more than $3/d. The model can be used as a decision-supporting tool for producers, extension personnel, veterinarians, and consultants. In addition, researchers, economists, and government organizations can use the model to determine the costs of culling dairy cows in a disease control program. The model and manual are available at http://cahpwww.vet.upenn.edu/software/econcow.html.
Key Parameters Governing the Reversibility of Si/Carbon/CMC Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries (2009)

Various Si/carbon/polymer composite electrodes were prepared to better understand the influence of the Si−polymer interactions on the stability of the Li−Si reaction and especially the superior performances of CMC-based (carboxy−methyl−cellulose) composites despite the large volume changes of the Si particles upon cycling. Via the modification of the composites formulation, the nature of the polymer, the nature and the amount of the substituting groups and the surface chemistry of the Si particles, together with the use of various characterization techniques (TEM, SEM, NMR−MAS, infrared spectroscopy, TGA, etc.) we could propose that the performances of the Si/Csp/CMC composite electrodes are nested in both the porous texture of the electrode and in the nature of the Si−polymer chemical bonding. A self-healing process of the rather strong Si−CMC hydrogen bonding which can accommodate textural stresses and can evolve during cycling is proposed to be critical for Si-based electrode performances. This better understanding leads to the design of Si-based electrodes with capacity retention reaching 1000 mAh/g of composite (i.e., full Si capacity) for at least 100 cycles and with a Coulombic efficiency close to 99.9% per cycle. Owing to these new aspects, we have now a deeper insight of the specific effects of the CMC binder, than could be successfully extended to other metals (Sn, Ge, Sb).
G9a coordinates with the RPA complex to promote DNA damage repair and cell survival (2017)

Histone methyltransferase G9a has critical roles in promoting cancer-cell growth and gene suppression, but whether it is also associated with the DNA damage response is rarely studied. Here, we report that loss of G9a impairs DNA damage repair and enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapeutics. In response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), G9a is phosphorylated at serine 211 by casein kinase 2 (CK2) and recruited to chromatin. The chromatin-enriched G9a can then directly interact with replication protein A (RPA) and promote loading of the RPA and Rad51 recombinase to DSBs. This mechanism facilitates homologous recombination (HR) and cell survival. We confirmed the interaction between RPA and G9a to be critical for RPA foci formation and HR upon DNA damage. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a regulatory pathway based on CK2-G9a-RPA that permits HR in cancer cells and provide further rationale for the use of G9a inhibitors as a cancer therapeutic.
Ninety-nine de novo assembled genomes from the moose (Alces alces) rumen microbiome provide new insights into microbial plant biomass degradation (2017)

The moose (Alces alces) is a ruminant that harvests energy from fiber-rich lignocellulose material through carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) produced by its rumen microbes. We applied shotgun metagenomics to rumen contents from six moose to obtain insights into this microbiome. Following binning, 99 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) belonging to 11 prokaryotic phyla were reconstructed and characterized based on phylogeny and CAZyme profile. The taxonomy of these MAGs reflected the overall composition of the metagenome, with dominance of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Unlike in other ruminants, Spirochaetes constituted a significant proportion of the community and our analyses indicate that the corresponding strains are primarily pectin digesters. Pectin-degrading genes were also common in MAGs of Ruminococcus, Fibrobacteres and Bacteroidetes and were overall overrepresented in the moose microbiome compared with other ruminants. Phylogenomic analyses revealed several clades within the Bacteriodetes without previously characterized genomes. Several of these MAGs encoded a large numbers of dockerins, a module usually associated with cellulosomes. The Bacteroidetes dockerins were often linked to CAZymes and sometimes encoded inside polysaccharide utilization loci, which has never been reported before. The almost 100 CAZyme-annotated genomes reconstructed in this study provide an in-depth view of an efficient lignocellulose-degrading microbiome and prospects for developing enzyme technology for biorefineries.
Evolutionary changes in influenza B are not primarily governed by antibody selection. (1990)

Influenza B viruses evolve more slowly than human influenza A, but no reasons for the difference have been established. We have analyzed sequence changes in the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of influenza B viruses (and have determined four hemagglutinin sequences, of B/Bonn/43, B/USSR/100/83, B/Victoria/3/85, and B/Memphis/6/86) in relation to antigenic properties and compared these with similar analyses of variation in influenza A antigens. Independent of the slower rate of change in influenza B antigens, only approximately 30% of nucleotide changes in either the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase gene sequence result in amino acid changes in the protein, whereas in influenza A 50% of nucleotide changes result in altered amino acids. Thus, there is less selection for change, or less tolerance to change, in the influenza B antigens. This is similar to findings with influenza C and findings with influenza A viruses that replicate in lower animals and birds and is closer to the type of variation found in other RNA viruses. We propose that human influenza A is unique in that it is the only virus group in which antibody selection dominates evolutionary change.
Toys in the Attic: The Unsung Pleasures (And Terrors) of "Babe: Pig in the City" and "Small Soldiers" (2000)

Research Article| July 01 2000 Toys in the Attic: The Unsung Pleasures (And Terrors) of "Babe: Pig in the City" and "Small Soldiers" Christopher Kelly Christopher Kelly Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Film Quarterly (2000) 53 (4): 41–46. https://doi.org/10.2307/1213750 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Christopher Kelly; Toys in the Attic: The Unsung Pleasures (And Terrors) of "Babe: Pig in the City" and "Small Soldiers". Film Quarterly 1 July 2000; 53 (4): 41–46. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1213750 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentFilm Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 2000 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Synthesis and utility of a DNA phosphorylating agent based on 2-(triphenylsilyl)ethanol (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and utility of a DNA phosphorylating agent based on 2-(triphenylsilyl)ethanolJoseph E. Celebuski, Clifford Chan, and Roger A. JonesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 20, 5535–5538Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00046a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00046a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cell survival regulation: relevance to AIDS and cancer (1994)

From INSERM U 415, Institut Pasteur and the Faculty of Medicine, Lille II University, Lille, France
A Novel Anti-Apoptosis Gene: Re-expression of Survivin Messenger RNA as a Prognosis Marker in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancers (1999)

The survivin gene was expressed in a vast majority of NSCLC tumors. We conclude that survivin transcript is a defining diagnostic marker for NSCLC that may also yield prognostic information and, as an apoptosis inhibitor, be an important target in cancer therapy.
Formation of single-wall carbon nanotubes by laser ablation of fullerenes at low temperature (1999)

Laser ablation products from fullerene materials have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Using nickel and cobalt as a catalyst, single-wall carbon nanotubes were produced at an ambient temperature of 400 °C. The results were compared with those using graphite as starting materials. It is suggested that the formation of single-wall carbon nanotubes is controlled by both the availability of proper precursors and the activity of the metal catalyst.
Preparation of hybrid "DNA cleaver-oligodeoxyribonulceotide" molecules based on a metallotris (methylpyridiniumyl)porphyrin motif (1993)

Methods are reported for conjugating a cationic tris(methylpyridiniumyl)porphyrin-manganese(III) complex to oligonucleotides. The DNA cleaver motif used in the present work is related to Mn-TMPyP, a highly efficient artificial endonuclease able to hydroxylate C-H bonds of DNA sugars at nanomolar concentrations. A general coupling method has been developed by using porphyrin precursors having a linker attached at the para position of the meso phenyl group of the macrocycle and terminating with an activated ester of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. Coupling reactions were monitored by HPLC. Purification of metalloporphyrin-oligonucleotide conjugates was performed by HPLC and desalting on Bio-Gel P-2. The purity of conjugates was always above 95%.
Eliminating Single Points of Failure in Software-Based Redundancy (2012)

In the domain of safety-critical embedded and cyber-physical systems, software-based redundancy is generally understood as an effective and cheap approach to improve reliability. Especially redundant execution in terms of triple modular redundancy is a well-known solution. However, triple modular redundancy (TMR) leaves unprotected single points of failure (SPOFs), such as the voter, which have to be carefully considered in all safety considerations. We present Combined Redundancy (CoRed), a holistic approach that hardens safety-critical parts of a system against soft-errors, while effectively eliminating the vulnerability caused by SPOFs. CoRed leverages redundant execution in combination with encoded processing to tackle the unprotected voting and data distribution. Its implementation does not require specific knowledge about the application and can be easily integrated into existing projects. We evaluated CoRed in a realistic setting using a quad rotor helicopter and provide experimental evidence for soft-error resistance and comparable low resource demand. In our experimental comparison plain TMR left more than seven percent of failures undetected, whereas CoRed was able to eliminate all silent data corruptions while inducing an overhead of just seven percent.
Toward active tremor canceling in handheld microsurgical instruments (2003)

This paper describes research in active instruments for enhanced accuracy in microsurgery. The aim is to make accuracy enhancement as transparent to the surgeon as possible. Rather than using a robotic arm, we have taken the novel approach of developing a handheld instrument that senses its own movement, distinguishes between desired and undesired motion, and deflects its tip to perform active compensation of the undesired component. The research has therefore required work in quantification and modeling of instrument motion, filtering algorithms for tremor and other erroneous movements, and development of handheld electromechanical systems to perform active error compensation. The paper introduces the systems developed in this research and presents preliminary results.