gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finding Two Disjoint Paths Between Two Pairs of Vertices in a Graph (1978)

article Finding Two Disjoint Paths Between Two Pairs of Vertices in a Graph Share on Authors: Y. Shiloach Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel and Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel and Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , Y. Perl Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, IsraelView Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 25Issue 1Jan. 1978 pp 1–9https://doi.org/10.1145/322047.322048Published:01 January 1978 98citation1,915DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations98Total Downloads1,915Last 12 Months47Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
An Occlusion Culling Toolkit for OpenSG PLUS (2003)

Image-space occlusion culling is an useful approach to reduce the rendering load of large polygonal models in scienti c computing, mechanical engineering, or virtual medicine. Like most large model techniques, occlusion culling trades overhead costs with the rendering costs of the possibly occluded geometry. In this paper we present an occlusion culling toolkit for OpenSG. The toolkit includes three different image space techniques utilizing graphics hardware. These techniques are supported by other software techniques to optimize the occlusion culling queries. All techniques are conservative and usable with dynamic scenes, because no precomputing is necessary.
Tumor Vaccination That Enhances Antitumor T-Cell Responses Does Not Inhibit the Growth of Established Tumors Even in Combination With Interleukin-12 Treatment: The Importance of Inducing Intratumoral T-Cell Migration (2000)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) treatment is effective in the CSA1M but not in the Meth A and CSA1M-variant tumor models. The authors investigated the cause by which IL-12 treatment fails to induce tumor regression in these two tumor models. T cells from CSA1M-bearing mice have high levels of IL-12 responsiveness, whereas cells from Meth A–bearing mice display marginal levels of responsiveness. Because IL-12 responsiveness in T cells is induced after T-cell receptor stimulation, the lack of IL-12 responsiveness suggests that T cells in Meth A–bearing mice are not sensitized to Meth A tumor antigen. Immunization of normal mice with attenuated Meth A tumor cells resulted in a protective immunity, as shown by the rejection of challenged viable Meth A cells. Such an immunization, when performed in Meth A–bearing mice, induced potent IL-12 responsiveness in T cells. Nevertheless, IL-12 treatment in these mice did not inhibit tumor growth. In another IL-12–incurable (CSA1M-variant) model, IL-12 responsiveness was observed before tumor cell immunization. However, IL-12 treatment was ineffective regardless of whether tumor cell immunization was performed. In these two models, the failure of IL-12 treatment to induce tumor regression was associated with the lack of T-cell migration to tumor sites. These results indicate that the sensitization of T cells to tumor antigens and generation of IL-12 responsiveness are insufficient to induce tumor regression when these sensitized T cells are not allowed to migrate to tumor sites.
Diagnosis and Management of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (2011)

Evidence-based recommendations are provided for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of recurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis. Recommendations on the evaluation and management of cerebral venous thrombosis during pregnancy and in the pediatric population are provided. Considerations for the management of clinical complications (seizures, hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension, and neurological deterioration) are also summarized. An algorithm for diagnosis and management of patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is described.
Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft Windows XP in 24 Hours (1997)

I. WAKE UP WITH WINDOWS. Hour 1. What's Windows All About? Hour 2. Tour Windows XP Now. Hour 3. Take Windows to Task. Hour 4. Understanding the My Computer Window. II. MORNING WINDOWS DESKTOP EXPLORATION. Hour 5. Explore the Windows System. Hour 6. A Call for Help. Hour 7. Manage Your Desktop. Hour 8. Activate Applications. III. WINDOWS ACCESSORIES IN THE AFTERNOON. Hour 9. Giving Windows Your Own Programs. Hour 10. Looking in All the Right Places. Hour 11. Desktop Accessories. Hour 12. Aid Via the Accessibility Options. IV. LATE AFTERNOON INTERNET INTEGRATION. Hour 13. Internet Explorer 6. Hour 14. Windows XP Web Connections. Hour 15. Online Services. Hour 16. Internet Security and Privacy Protection. V. AN EVENING WITH EXTENDED WINDOWS. Hour 17. Outlook Express: For Mail and Newsgroups. Hour 18. Windows XP's Hardware Interface. Hour 19. Using Windows on the Road. Hour 20. Update Manager and Tune-Ups. VI. WINDOWS SAFETY AT NIGHTTIME. Hour 21. Manage Your Hard Drives. Hour 22. Windows XP Advanced System Tools. Hour 23. Multimedia and Sound. Hour 24. Advanced Windows Tips.
Inner Retinal Abnormalities in X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa withRPGRMutations (2007)

Inner retinal laminar abnormalities in RPGR-XLRP are likely to reflect a neuronal-glial retinal remodeling response to photoreceptor loss and are detectable relatively early in the disease course. These results should be factored into emerging therapeutic strategies for this form of RP.
Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Quantitation of Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Proteins (1999)

Preliminary testing has shown in vitro and in vivo that antitumor activity can be obtained with fusion proteins linking tumor-reactive monoclonal antibodies to cytokines, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin 2 (IL-2). Preclinical and clinical testing of these reagents requires their in vitro and in vivo quantitation and pharmacokinetic evaluation. We have focused on the detection of a fusion protein which links one human IL-2 molecule to the carboxy terminus of each heavy chain of the tumor-reactive human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 antibody, ch14.18. We have developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to evaluate intact tumor-reactive fusion proteins. By these ELISAs we can reliably measure nanogram quantities of intact ch14.18-IL-2 fusion protein and distinguish the intact protein from its components (ch14.18 and IL-2) in buffer, mouse serum, and human serum with specificity and reproducibility. The measurement of intact ch14.18-IL-2 fusion protein is not confounded by free IL-2 or free ch14.18 when 100 ng or less of total immunoglobulin per ml is used during the assay procedure. Our results indicate that these ELISAs are suitable for preclinical and clinical testing and with slight modifications are applicable to the analysis of a variety of other fusion proteins.
Macrophage Lipoprotein Lipase Promotes Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis in Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-deficient Mice (2000)

The role of macrophage lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression in atherosclerotic lesion formation was examined in low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR(-/-)) mice using dietary conditions designed to induce either fatty streak lesions or complex atherosclerotic lesions. First, LDLR(-/-) mice chimeric for macrophage LPL expression were created by transplantation of lethally irradiated female LDLR(-/-) mice with LPL(-/-) (n = 12) or LPL(+/+) (n = 14) fetal liver cells as a source of hematopoietic cells. To induce fatty streak lesions, these mice were fed a Western diet for 8 weeks, resulting in severe hypercholesterolemia. There were no differences in plasma post-heparin LPL activity, serum lipid levels, or lipoprotein distribution between these two groups. The mean lesion area in the proximal aorta in LPL(-/-) --> LDLR(-/-) mice was significantly reduced by 33% compared with LPL(+/+) --> LDLR(-/-) mice, and a similar reduction (38%) in lesion area was found by en face analysis of the aortae. To induce complex atherosclerotic lesions, female LDLR(-/-) mice were lethally irradiated, transplanted with LPL(-/-) (n = 14), LPL(+/-) (n = 13), or LPL(+/+) (n = 14) fetal liver cells, and fed the Western diet for 19 weeks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not differ between the three groups. After 19 weeks of diet, the lesions in the proximal aorta were complex with relatively few macrophages expressing LPL protein and mRNA in LPL(+/+) --> LDLR(-/-) mice. Analysis of cross-sections of the proximal aorta demonstrated no differences in the extent of lesion area between the groups, whereas en face analysis of the aortae revealed a dose-dependent effect of macrophage LPL on mean aortic lesion area in LPL(-/-) --> LDLR(-/-), LPL(-/+) --> LDLR(-/-), and LPL(+/+) --> LDLR(-/-) mice (1.8 +/- 0. 2%, 3.5 +/- 0.5% and 5.9 +/- 0.8%, respectively). Taken together, these data indicate that macrophage LPL expression in the artery wall promotes atherogenesis during foam cell lesion formation, but this impact may be limited to macrophage-rich lesions.
20-Mb/s GFSK Modulator Based on 3.6-GHz Hybrid PLL With 3-b DCO Nonlinearity Calibration and Independent Delay Mismatch Control (2017)

A hybrid two-point modulator which mitigates the nonlinearity problem of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) and provides a fine delay mismatch calibration is proposed for high data rate applications. A DCO with a separate high-pass modulation path in which only 3 b are used for a capacitor array is designed for flexible gain partition and simple nonlinearity calibration. A nonuniform multilevel quantizer and a finite-impulse response filter are employed to improve modulation quality and reduce quantization noise for high data rate. In the low-pass modulation, a fractional-N divider based on a phase rotator and an additional high-frequency ΔΣ modulator enables fine delay time control between two modulation paths. Delay mismatch calibration circuit based on a time-to-digital converter is designed to calculate the optimum delay time automatically. A prototype 3.6-GHz two-point modulator is implemented in 65-nm CMOS. The modulator performs 20-Mb/s GFSK with the error vector magnitude performance of 3.7%, consuming 10.6 mW from a 1-V supply.
In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of SCH 56592 (Posaconazole), a New Triazole Antifungal Agent, against Aspergillus and Candida (2000)

SCH 56592 (posaconazole), a new triazole antifungal agent, was tested in vitro, and its activity was compared to that of itraconazole against 39 Aspergillus strains and to that of fluconazole against 275 Candida and 9 Cryptococcus strains. The SCH 56592 MICs for Aspergillus ranged from </=0.002 to 0.5 microg/ml, and those of itraconazole ranged from </=0.008 to 1 microg/ml. The SCH 56592 MICs for Candida and Cryptococcus strains ranged from </=0. 004 to 16 microg/ml, and those of fluconazole ranged from </=0.062 to >64 microg/ml. SCH 56592 showed excellent activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus in a pulmonary mouse infection model. When administered therapeutically, the 50% protective doses (PD(50)s) of SCH 56592 ranged from 3.6 to 29.9 mg/kg of body weight, while the PD(50)s of SCH 56592 administered prophylactically ranged from 0.9 to 9.0 mg/kg; itraconazole administered prophylactically was ineffective (PD(50)s, >75 mg/kg). SCH 56592 was also very efficacious against fluconazole-susceptible, -susceptible dose-dependent, or -resistant Candida albicans strains in immunocompetent or immunocompromised mouse models of systemic infection. The PD(50)s of SCH 56592 administered therapeutically ranged from 0.04 to 15.6 mg/kg, while the PD(50)s of SCH 56592 administered prophylactically ranged from 1.5 to 19.4 mg/kg. SCH 56592 has excellent potential for therapy against serious Aspergillus or Candida infections.
Encephalitogenic activity of the small form of mouse myelin basic protein in the SJL/J mouse. (1983)

Mouse myelin basic proteins (MBP) were prepared by ion-exchange chromatography of an acid extract of homogenized, delipidated mouse brain. The use of a linear salt gradient during ion-exchange chromatography gave three peaks, 1, 2, and 3, of MBP. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis of these peaks showed that peaks 2 and 3 were a mixture of the large and small forms of mouse MBP, whereas peak 1 was solely the small form. Tryptic peptides of mouse and rat small form MBP were compared by high-performance liquid chromatography. The elution times and absorbances at 210 nm were identical for 16 of 21 peaks derived from small form MBP of the two species. Amino acid analysis showed that 10 corresponding peaks from the small form of mouse and rat MBP had identical amino acid composition. When tested for encephalitogenicity in SJL/J mice, both the mixture of large and small forms of mouse MBP and the small form mouse MBP were highly encephalitogenic.
Primary Vaginal Melanoma, A Rare and Aggressive Entity. A Case Report and Review of the Literature (2017)

Primary malignant vaginal melanoma is a rare but aggressive melanoma that affects women in their 6th and 7th decade of life. The tumor appears as a dark node or spindle but can also be amelanotic. The size of the tumor is indicative of the prognostic factors. Surgery seems to be the only efficient treatment. Postoperative adjuvant therapy might help in preventing recurrence of the tumor. The survival rate is largely dependent on nodal and distant metastasis of the disease after initial tumor resection. There is a dire need to form a proper therapeutic regime to control this disease.
Proteomic Analysis Shows Synthetic Oleanane Triterpenoid Binds to mTOR (2011)

New multifunctional drugs that target multiple disease-relevant networks offer a novel approach to the prevention and treatment of many diseases. New synthetic oleanane triterpenoids (SO), such as CDDO (2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid) and its derivatives, are multifunctional compounds originally developed for the prevention and treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the protein binding partners and mechanisms of action of these SO are not yet fully understood. Here we characterize the putative target profile of one SO, CDDO-Imidazolide (CDDO-Im), by combining affinity purification with mass spectroscopic proteomic analysis to identify 577 candidate binding proteins in whole cells. This SO pharmaco-interactome consists of a diverse but interconnected set of signaling networks; bioinformatic analysis of the protein interactome identified canonical signaling pathways targeted by the SO, including retinoic acid receptor (RAR), estrogen receptor (ER), insulin receptor (IR), janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Pull-down studies then further validated a subset of the putative targets. In addition, we now show for the first time that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a direct target of CDDO-Im. We also show that CDDO-Im blocks insulin-induced activation of this pathway by binding to mTOR and inhibiting its kinase activity. Our basic studies confirm that the SO, CDDO-Im, acts on a protein network to elicit its pharmacological activity.
A VLSI architecture for updating raster-scan displays (1981)

Interactive use of a display requires the capability to update the display rapidly. This paper describes an on-going project at Carnegie-Mellon University in which we are designing a frame buffer raster-scan display system which has the high performance typically required for interactive display applications. The system is intended to be a display for personal computers, computer generated graphic images, and image processing applications. Built using smart VLSI memory chips, the system will use parallel processing techniques to provide high performance.
Sodium–Metal Halide and Sodium–Air Batteries (2014)

Impressive developments have been made in the past a few years toward the establishment of Na-ion batteries as next-generation energy-storage devices and replacements for Li-ion batteries. Na-based cells have attracted increasing attention owing to low production costs due to abundant sodium resources. However, applications of Na-ion batteries are limited to large-scale energy-storage systems because of their lower energy density compared to Li-ion batteries and their potential safety problems. Recently, Na-metal cells such as Na-metal halide and Na-air batteries have been considered to be promising for use in electric vehicles owing to good safety and high energy density, although less attention is focused on Na-metal cells than on Na-ion cells. This Minireview provides an overview of the fundamentals and recent progress in the fields of Na-metal halide and Na-air batteries, with the aim of providing a better understanding of new electrochemical systems.
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor Characteristics with Iridium Gate Electrode on Atomic Layer Deposited ZrO2High-kDielectrics (2003)

We have investigated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) characteristics with Ir gate on ZrO2 high-k dielectrics gate structure. The ZrO2 films are grown with atomic layer deposition method using O2 and tetrakis (diethyl amino) zirconium (TDEAZ) as a Zr precursor. Some ZrO2 films are also grown with oxygen plasma along with TDEAZ. The ZrO2 grown with oxygen plasma shows the EOT value of 1.39 nm, high k of 18.2 and little hysteresis of 20 mV, whereas EOT and k values of the ZrO2 films grown with O2 are 1.52 nm, 13.34 nm, respectively. This is due to dense and well-matched stoichiometric ZrO2 and interfacial reaction through the diffusion of oxygen in the oxygen plasma. Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) characteristics of Ir/ZrO2 grown with oxygen plasma/Si gate structured transistor reveals that the effective mobility is 226 cm2/Vs at VGS=1.5 V, which is slightly smaller than the saturation mobility of 250 cm2/Vs. The interface trap density in the ZrO2 grown with oxygen plasma is also lower than that in the ZrO2 grown with O2.
Markedly high population of affected reticulocytes negative for decay- accelerating factor and CD59 in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (1995)

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) blood cells lack glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins such as decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and CD59. This lack is of diagnostic value in PNH. Because reticulocytes in PNH are not yet well characterized, we analyzed reticulocytes obtained from 12 patients with PNH and from 5 healthy volunteers by two-color flow cytometry with a membrane-permeable fluorescent dye, thiazole orange, to identify reticulocytes and monoclonal antibodies to DAF and CD59. Healthy individuals had no affected cells. In all patients, the population of affected reticulocytes negative for DAF and CD59 was markedly higher than the population of affected erythrocytes. Moreover, the population of affected erythrocytes became obviously low in patients who received transfusions and suffered from hemolytic precipitation, whereas the population of affected reticulocytes was unchanged. The persistently high population of affected reticulocytes, despite cytolytic exclusion and an inherently short lifetime, might possibly be explained by relative reticulocytosis caused by an anemia-induced feedback stimulation of erythropoiesis in PNH. Thus, affected reticulocytes could be a reliable marker for the diagnosis of PNH and for the evaluation of erythropoiesis by PNH stem cell.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 and Neuropilin-1 Form a Receptor Complex That Is Responsible for the Differential Signaling Potency of VEGF165 and VEGF121 (2001)

The two most abundant secreted isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF(165) and VEGF(121)) are formed as a result of differential splicing of the VEGF-A gene. VEGF(165) and VEGF(121) share similar affinities at the isolated VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 but have been previously demonstrated to have differential ability to activate VEGFR-2-mediated effects on endothelial cells. Herein we investigate whether the recently described VEGF(165) isoform-specific receptor neuropilin-1 (Npn-1) is responsible for the difference in potency observed for these ligands. We demonstrate that although VEGFR-2 and Npn-1 form a complex, this complex does not result in an increase in VEGF(165) binding affinity. Therefore, the differential activity of VEGF(165) and VEGF(121) cannot be explained by a differential binding affinity for the complex. Using an antagonist that competes for VEGF(165) binding at the VEGFR-2.Npn-1 complex, we observe specific antagonism of VEGF(165)-meditated phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 without affecting the VEGF(121) response. These data indicate that the formation of the complex is responsible for the increased potency of VEGF(165) versus VEGF(121). Taken together, these data suggest a receptor-clustering role for Npn-1, as opposed to Npn-1 behaving as an affinity-converting subunit.
The Effects of Temperature on Cardiac Pacing Thresholds (2010)

Temperature is a significant factor on pacing thresholds for mammalian ventricular myocardium. Our data for the diseased human trabeculae indicate that cases where cardiac heating may occur (e.g., radiofrequency energy due to MRI scans, febrile events), patients without adequate VPCT safety margin may be at higher risk of loss of proper function of an implanted pacing or defibrillation system.
Primary structure of human alpha 2-macroglobulin. V. The complete structure. (1984)

The primary structure of the tetrameric plasma glycoprotein human alpha 2-macroglobulin has been determined. The identical subunits contain 1451 amino acid residues. Glucosamine-based oligosaccharide groups are attached to asparagine residues 32, 47, 224, 373, 387, 846, 968, and 1401. Eleven intrachain disulfide bridges have been placed (Cys25-Cys63, Cys228-Cys276, Cys246-Cys264, Cys255-Cys408, Cys572-Cys748, Cys619-Cys666, Cys798-Cys826, Cys824-Cys860, Cys898-Cys1298, Cys1056-Cys1104, and Cys1329-Cys1444). Cys-447 probably forms an interchain bridge with Cys-447 from another subunit. The beta-SH group of Cys-949 is thiol esterified to the gamma-carbonyl group of Glx-952, thus forming an activatable reactive site which can mediate covalent binding of nucleophiles. A putative transglutaminase cross-linking site is constituted by Gln-670 and Gln-671. The primary sites of proteolytic cleavage in the activation cleavage area (the "bait" region) are located in the sequence: -Arg681-Val-Gly-Phe-Tyr-Glu-. The molecular weight of the unmodified alpha 2-macroglobulin subunit is 160,837 and approximately 179,000, including the carbohydrate groups. The presence of possible internal homologies within the alpha 2-macroglobulin subunit is discussed. A comparison of stretches of sequences from alpha 2-macroglobulin with partial sequence data for complement components C3 and C4 indicates that these proteins are evolutionary related. The properties of alpha 2-macroglobulin are discussed within the context of proteolytically regulated systems with particular reference to the complement components C3 and C4.