gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune response to advanced glycosylation end-products of human LDL (2003)

Advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs) are believed to play a significant role in the development of vascular complications in diabetic patients. One such product, AGE-LDL, has been shown to be immunogenic. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of human AGE-LDL antibodies from the sera of seven patients with Type 1 diabetes by affinity chromatography using an immobilized AGE-LDL preparation that contained primarily the AGE N epsilon (carboxymethyl)lysine (CML, 14.6 mmol/mol lysine), and smaller amounts of N epsilon (carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL, 2.7 mmol/mol lysine). The isolated antibodies were predominantly IgG of subclasses 1 and 3, and considered proinflammatory because of their ability to promote Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis and to activate complement. We determined dissociation constants (Kd) for the purified antibodies. The average Kd values (4.76 +/- 2.52 x 10(-9) mol/l) indicated that AGE-LDL antibodies are of higher avidity than oxidized LDL antibodies measured previously (Kd = 1.53 +/- 07 x 10(-8) ml/l), but of lower avidity than rabbit polyclonal LDL antibodies (Kd = 9.34 x 10(-11)). Analysis of the apolipoprotein B-rich lipoproteins isolated with polyethylene glycol-precipitated antigen-antibody complexes from the same patients showed the presence of both CML and CEL, thus confirming that these two modifications are recognized by human autoantibodies. A comparative study of the reactivity of purified AGE-LDL antibodies with CML-LDL and CML-serum albumin showed no cross-reactivity.
A fenbendazole oral drench in addition to an ivermectin pour-on reduces parasite burden and improves feedlot and carcass performance of finishing heifers compared with endectocides alone1 (2006)

Two studies utilizing 1,862 yearling heifers were conducted to determine the effects of a fenbendazole oral drench in addition to an ivermectin pour-on (SG+IVPO), compared with an ivermectin pour-on (IVPO) or a doramectin injectable (DMX) alone, on parasite burden, feedlot performance, and carcass merit of feedlot cattle. In the first study, heifers receiving the SG+IVPO had fewer (P = 0.02) cattle retreated for disease and 73% fewer (P = 0.06) worm eggs per fecal sample 98 d after treatment than heifers treated with IVPO. Heifers treated with SG+IVPO consumed more DM, had greater ADG, were heavier at slaughter, and had heavier carcasses than IVPO-treated heifers (P < 0.05). Heifers treated with SG+IVPO also had more (P = 0.07) carcasses grading USDA Prime or Choice than IVPO-treated heifers. In the second study, heifers treated with SG+IVPO had fewer (P < 0.01) worm eggs per fecal sample 35 d after treatment and had fewer numbers of adult and larval Cooperia and Trichostrongylus spp. in the small intestine at slaughter (P < 0.10) compared with heifers treated with DMX. Heifers treated with SG+IVPO consumed more DM, were heavier at slaughter, and had heavier carcasses than DMX-treated heifers (P < 0.01). The SG+IVPO-treated heifers also had greater ADG (P < 0.10). The broad-spectrum effectiveness of a combination of a fenbendazole oral drench and an ivermectin pour-on reduced parasite burden and increased feed intake, ADG, and carcass weight in feedlot heifers compared with treatment with an endectocide alone.
Efficient conservative visibility culling using the prioritized-layered projection algorithm (2001)

We propose a novel conservative visibility culling technique based on the Prioritized-Layered Projection (PLP) algorithm. PLP is a time-critical rendering technique that computes, for a given viewpoint, a partially correct image by rendering only a subset of the geometric primitives, those that PLP determines to be most likely visible. Our new algorithm builds on PLP and provides an efficient way of finding the remaining visible primitives. We do this by adding a second phase to PLP which uses image-space techniques for determining the visibility status of the remaining geometry. Another contribution of our work is to show how to efficiently implement such image-space visibility queries using currently available OpenGL hardware and extensions. We report on the implementation of our techniques on several graphics architectures, analyze their complexity, and discuss a possible hardware extension that has the potential to further increase performance.
Coordination Copolymerization of Severely Encumbered Isoalkenes with Ethylene:  Enhanced Enchainment Mediated by Binuclear Catalysts and Cocatalysts (2005)

This contribution describes the implementation of the binuclear organotitanium "constrained geometry catalysts" (CGCs), (mu-CH(2)CH(2)-3,3'){(eta(5)-indenyl)[1-Me(2)Si((t)()BuN)](TiMe(2))}(2)[EBICGC(TiMe(2))(2); Ti(2)] and (mu-CH(2)-3,3'){(eta(5)-indenyl)[1-Me(2)Si((t)BuN)](TiMe(2))}(2)[MBICGC(TiMe(2))(2); C1-Ti(2)], in combination with the bifunctional bisborane activator 1,4-(C(6)F(5))(2)BC(6)F(4)B(C(6)F(5))(2) (BN(2)) in ethylene + olefin copolymerization processes. Specifically examined are the classically poorly responsive 1,1-disubstituted comonomers, methylenecyclopentane (C), methylenecyclohexane (D), 1,1,2-trisubstituted 2-methyl-2-butene (E), and isobutene (F). For the first three comonomers, this represents the first report of their incorporation into a polyethylene backbone via a coordination polymerization process. C and D are incorporated via a ring-unopened pathway, and E is incorporated via a novel pathway involving 2-methyl-1-butene enchainment in the copolymer backbone. In ethylene copolymerization, Ti(2) + BN(2) enchains approximately 2.5 times more C, approximately 2.5 times more D, and approximately 2.3 times more E than the mononuclear catalyst analogue [1-Me(2)Si(3-ethylindenyl)((t)BuN)]TiMe(2) (Ti(1)) + B(C(6)F(5))(3) (BN) under identical polymerization conditions. Polar solvents are found to weaken the catalyst-cocatalyst ion pairing, thus influencing the comonomer enchainment selectivity.
Biocompatibility: complement as mediator of tissue damage and as indicator of incompatibility. (1997)

The fully biocompatible surface is the host's own intact endothelium. Blood contact with a damaged or foreign endothelium, or with an artificial surface, will lead to a certain degree of activation of the defense systems. Complement is one of these systems which has a unique property to distinguish between 'self' and 'non-self'. Recent data using complement-specific inhibitors like soluble CR1 and monoclonal antibodies to C5 have shown that complement is not only associated with, but in fact contributes to, the whole body inflammatory reaction seen as a complication to cardiopulmonary bypass (artificial surfaces) and is responsible for the hyperacute rejection of xenografts (foreign endothelium). Complement activation, as measured by assays specific for neoepitopes exposed in the activation products, is a sensitive indicator of bioincompatibility. These assays have been increasingly important after a causal link between complement activation and tissue damage was demonstrated. Efforts have been made to improve the biocompatibility of artificial surfaces, including coating with heparin. This procedure not only improves coagulation compatibility, but also markedly reduces complement activation. Models to study complement compatibility in vitro and in vivo are described, and recommended complement activation assays reviewed.
In vitro activity of DR-3355, an optically active ofloxacin (1988)

DR-3355, the S-(-)-isomer of ofloxacin, was generally twice as potent as ofloxacin against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, and its action was bactericidal. The compound was characterized by having the highest level of activity against staphylococci, Bacteroides fragilis, and Peptococcus spp. of the fluorinated quinolones tested, including ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, and NY-198. The activity of DR-3355 was not affected by different media, inoculum size, or human serum, but decreased under acidic conditions at pH 5.0 or in human urine.
An electro-thermal bimorph-based microactuator for precise track-positioning of optical disk drives (2005)

10.1088/0960-1317/15/5/009
Coded aperture imaging: the modulation transfer function for uniformly redundant arrays (1980)

Coded aperture imaging uses many pinholes to increase the SNR for intrinsically weak sources when the radiation can be neither reflected nor refracted. Effectively, the signal is multiplexed onto an image and then decoded, often by computer, to form a reconstructed image. We derive the modulation transfer function (MTF) of such a system employing uniformly redundant arrays (URA). We show that the MTF of a URA system is virtually the same as the MTF of an individual pinhole regardless of the shape or size of the pinhole. Thus, only the location of the pinholes is important for optimum multiplexing and decoding. The shape and size of the pinholes can then be selected based on other criteria. For example, one can generate self-supporting patterns, useful for energies typically encountered in the imaging of laser-driven compressions or in soft x-ray astronomy. Such patterns contain holes that are all the same size, easing the etching or plating fabrication efforts for the apertures. A new reconstruction method is introduced called delta decoding. It improves the resolution capabilities of a coded aperture system by mitigating a blur often introduced during the reconstruction step.
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5‐trisphosphate modulation in SHIP2‐deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (2005)

SHIP2, the ubiquitous SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase, includes a series of protein interacting domains and has the ability to dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)]in vitro. The present study, which was undertaken to evaluate the impact of SHIP2 on PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) levels, was performed in a mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) model using SHIP2 deficient (-/-) MEF cells derived from knockout mice. PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) was upregulated in serum stimulated -/- MEF cells as compared to +/+ MEF cells. Although the absence of SHIP2 had no effect on basal PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) levels, we show here that this lipid was significantly upregulated in SHIP2 -/- cells but only after short-term (i.e. 5-10 min) incubation with serum. The difference in PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) levels in heterozygous fibroblast cells was intermediate between the +/+ and the -/- cells. In our model, insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulation did not show this upregulation. Serum stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity appeared to be comparable between +/+ and -/- cells. Moreover, protein kinase B, but not mitogen activated protein kinase activity, was also potentiated in SHIP2 deficient cells stimulated by serum. The upregulation of protein kinase B activity in serum stimulated cells was totally reversed in the presence of the PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY-294002, in both +/+ and -/- cells. Altogether, these data establish a link between SHIP2 and the acute control of PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) levels in intact cells.
Health and Economic Impact of Surgical Site Infections Diagnosed after Hospital Discharge (2003)

Although surgical site infections (SSIs) are known to cause substantial illness and costs during the index hospitalization, little information exists about the impact of infections diagnosed after discharge, which constitute the majority of SSIs. In this study, using patient questionnaire and administrative databases, we assessed the clinical outcomes and resource utilization in the 8-week postoperative period associated with SSIs recognized after discharge. SSI recognized after discharge was confirmed in 89 (1.9%) of 4,571 procedures from May 1997 to October 1998. Patients with SSI, but not controls, had a significant decline in SF-12 (Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey) mental health component scores after surgery (p=0.004). Patients required significantly more outpatient visits, emergency room visits, radiology services, readmissions, and home health aide services than did controls. Average total costs during the 8 weeks after discharge were US dollars 5,155 for patients with SSI and US dollars 1,773 for controls (p<0.001).
Suitability and Applications of Liquid Crystal Televisions in Optical Pre-Processors. (1986)

The suitability of a low-cost liquid crystal television to function as a spatial light modulator for lasers is investigated along with an application of using such a modulator in an optical pre-processor for an electronic pattern recognition system. The particular pre-processor application investigated is that of optically enhancing the edges of an image. It was determined that the liquid crystal television could perform reasonably well as a spatial light modulator for applications where very high image quality was not required. Three different methods were found to produce recognizable edges of a given image: spatial filtering in the Fourier plane, image cancellation, and phase cancellation. The phase cancellation method was discovered during the course of the research. These methods were able to perform the edge enhancement task whether the image was binary as in a computer generated image, or was continuous as from a television camera. (Thesis).
Terabyte Optical Data Storage (2005)

P Torok, PRT Munro, M. Salt, HP Herzig, E. Kriezis, B Eastley Imperial College, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BW, UK Institute of Microtechnology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue A.-L. Breguet 2, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Telecommunications, Thessaloniki 54 124, Greece Email: peter.torok@imperial.ac.uk
Predicting file system actions from prior events (1996)

We have adapted a multi-order context modeling technique used in the data compression method Prediction by Partial Match (PPM) to track sequences of file access events. From this model, we are able to determine file system accesses that have a high probability of occurring as the next event. By prefetching the data for these events, we have transformed an LRU cache into a predictive cache that in our simulations averages 15% more cache hits than LRU. In fact, on average our fourmegabyte predictive cache has a higher cache hit rate than a 90 megabyte LRU cache. 1 Introduction With the rapid increase of processor speeds, file system latency is a critical issue in computer system performance [14]. Standard Least Recently Used (LRU) based caching techniques offer some assistance, but by ignoring any relationships that exist between file system events, they fail to make full use of the available information. We will show that many of the events in a file system are closely related. For exa...
Occlusion capable optical see-through head-mounted display using freeform optics (2012)

Most state-of-the-art optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD) lacks mutual occlusion capability between computer-rendered and real objects so that the virtual view through an OST-HMD appears “ghost-like”, floating in the real world. In this paper, we demonstrated a light-weight, compact OST-HMD with mutual occlusion capability by exploring a highly innovative optical approach based on emerging freeform optical design and fabrication technologies. Our approach enabled us to achieve an occlusion-capable OST-HMD system with a very compelling form factor and high optical performance. The proposed display technology is designed for highly efficient liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) type spatial light modulator (SLM) and bright Organic LED (OLED) microdisplay, which is capable of working in both indoor and outdoor environments. Our current design offered a 1280×1024 color resolution with a field of view (FOV) of 40 degrees and lightweight optics about 30 grams per eye.
Supercooling Agent Icilin Blocks a Warmth-Sensing Ion Channel TRPV3 (2012)

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 3 (TRPV3) is a thermosensitive ion channel expressed in a variety of neural cells and in keratinocytes. It is activated by warmth (33-39°C), and its responsiveness is dramatically increased at nociceptive temperatures greater than 40°C. Monoterpenoids and 2-APB are chemical activators of TRPV3 channels. We found that Icilin, a known cooling substance and putative ligand of TRPM8, reversibly inhibits TRPV3 activity at nanomolar concentrations in expression systems like Xenopus laeves oocytes, HEK-293 cells, and in cultured human keratinocytes. Our data show that icilin's antagonistic effects for the warm-sensitive TRPV3 ion channel occurs at very low concentrations. Therefore, the cooling effect evoked by icilin may at least in part be due to TRPV3 inhibition in addition to TRPM8 potentiation. Blockade of TRPV3 activity by icilin at such low concentrations might have important implications for overall cooling sensations detected by keratinocytes and free nerve endings in skin. We hypothesize that blockage of TRPV3 might be a signal for cool-sensing systems (like TRPM8) to beat up the basal activity resulting in increased cold perception when warmth sensors (like TRPV3) are shut off.
THE HISTORICAL POSITION (2013)

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Depth-Aware Video Frame Interpolation (2019)

This paper explores how recent convolutional neural network (CNN)-based techniques can be used to interpolate images inside scientific image databases. These databases are frequently used for the interactive visualization of large-scale simulations, where images correspond to samples of the parameter space (e.g., timesteps, isovalues, thresholds, etc.) and the visualization space (e.g., camera locations, clipping planes, etc.). These databases can be browsed post hoc along the sampling axis to emulate real-time interaction with large-scale datasets. However, the resulting databases are limited to their contained images, i.e., the sampling points. In this paper, we explore how efficiently and accurately CNN-based techniques can derive new images by interpolating database elements. We demonstrate on several real-world examples that the size of databases can be further reduced by dropping samples that can be interpolated post hoc with an acceptable error, which we measure qualitatively and quantitatively.
Recombinant Polyclonal Antibody Libraries for Breast Cancer Therapy (2000)

Abstract : This project proposes the development of a recombinant polyclonal antibody specific for the human breast carcinoma cell line BT-20. The proposed library would target multiple epitopes on the human cell line and also provide the genes necessary for the unlimited perpetuation of the defined antibody mixture. Ultimately, such antibody libraries could be used for treatment and diagnosis of breast cancer in humans. In the present study, V region genes for construction of a polyclonal Fab phage display library were obtained from the spleen, bone marrow, and intestine of a BALB/c mouse that had been immunized with BT-20 cells. The light and heavy chain V region genes were linked by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cloned into a bidirectional phagemid vector to express an Fab-displaying phage library. This library was then selected for binding to BT-20 cells. Direct and inhibition ELISA showed that the selected Fab phage display library bound specifically to BT-20 cells, and that this binding could be inhibited by BT-20 as well as by other human breast cancer cell lines, but not by sheep red blood cells. These results demonstrate that the first phase of generating a polyclonal antibody library can be done successfully.
La crise de la jeunesse (extraits) (2001)

Mendès France Pierre. La crise de la jeunesse (extraits). In: Matériaux pour l'histoire de notre temps, n°63-64, 2001. Pierre Mendès France et la Modernité - Actes du colloque - Assemblée nationale - 15 juin 2001. pp. 157-158.
Steps in the assembly of replication-competent nuclei in a cell-free system from Xenopus eggs. (1988)

We have studied the pathway of nuclear assembly from demembranated sperm chromatin by fractionating a cell-free system from Xenopus eggs (Lohka, M. J., and Y. Masui. 1983. Science (Wash. DC). 220:719-721). Both the soluble fraction and a washed vesicular fraction are required for formation of normal nuclei that initiate replication in vitro. The soluble fraction alone decondenses chromatin and the vesicular fraction alone surrounds chromatin with membranes. Both fractions are required for formation of nuclear pore complexes. Recombining these two fractions recovers approximately 100% of the nuclear assembly and DNA replication activities. Restricting the proportion of the vesicular fraction slows acquisition of the nuclear membrane and allows observation of immature nuclear pores ("prepores"). These form as arrays around and within the chromatin mass before membranes form. Subsequently membrane vesicles bind to these prepores, linking them by a single membrane throughout the chromatin mass. At the periphery this single membrane is surrounded by an outer membrane. In mature nuclei all membranes are at the periphery, the two membranes are linked by pores, and no prepores are seen. Nuclear assembly and replication are inhibited by preincubating the chromatin with the vesicular fraction. However nuclear assembly is accelerated by preincubating the condensed chromatin with the soluble fraction. This also decreases the lag before DNA replication. Initiation of DNA replication is only observed after normal nuclei have fully reassembled, increasing the evidence that replication depends on nuclear structure. The pathway of nuclear assembly and its relationship to DNA replication are discussed.
Analysis of Germline GLI1 Variation Implicates Hedgehog Signalling in the Regulation of Intestinal Inflammatory Pathways (2008)

HH signalling through GLI1 is required for appropriate modulation of the intestinal response to acute inflammatory challenge. Reduced GLI1 function predisposes to a heightened myeloid response to inflammatory stimuli, potentially leading to IBD.
Prospective clinical trial of a human tumor cloning system. (1983)

A prospective clinical trial was performed to evaluate the usefulness of a human tumor cloning system for selecting single-agent chemotherapy for patients with advanced cancers. Six hundred four single-agent trials were performed in the 470 patients whose tumors were submitted for drug sensitivity testing. Only 246 of these 604 trials (41%) could be directed by the cloning system results because of inadequate tumor growth and other difficulties. In these 246 prospective trials, there was a 60% true positive and an 85% true negative rate for predicting for response or lack of response of an individual patient's tumor to the single agent. There was also a relationship between the percentage of decrease in survival of tumor colony-forming units and the probability of a clinical response of the patient's tumor to the same drug used in vivo. Despite these encouraging findings, work to improve tumor growth and additional prospective clinical trials of the system are needed before the system can be recommended for routine clinical use.