gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts and Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Using Nonmodified RNA for Reprogramming and Immune Evasion (2015)

mRNA reprogramming results in the generation of genetically stable induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells while avoiding the risks of genomic integration. Previously published mRNA reprogramming protocols have proven to be inconsistent and time-consuming and mainly restricted to fibroblasts, thereby demonstrating the need for a simple but reproducible protocol applicable to various cell types. So far there have been no published reports using mRNA to reprogram any cell type derived from human blood. Nonmodified synthetic mRNAs are immunogenic and activate cellular defense mechanisms, which can lead to cell death and inhibit mRNA translation upon repetitive transfection. Hence, to overcome RNA-related toxicity we combined nonmodified reprogramming mRNAs (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, NANOG, and LIN28 [OSKMNL]) with immune evasion mRNAs (E3, K3, and B18R [EKB]) from vaccinia virus. Additionally, we included mature, double-stranded microRNAs (miRNAs) from the 302/367 cluster, which are known to enhance the reprogramming process, to develop a robust reprogramming protocol for the generation of stable iPS cell lines from both human fibroblasts and human blood-outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Our novel combination of RNAs enables the cell to tolerate repetitive transfections for the generation of stable iPS cell colonies from human fibroblasts within 11 days while requiring only four transfections. Moreover, our method resulted in the first known mRNA-vectored reprogramming of human blood-derived EPCs within 10 days while requiring only eight daily transfections.
Posicast Control of Damped Oscillatory Systems (1957)

A novel method is presented for producing dead-bea response in a lightly-damped oscillatory feedback system. Complete transient response times of the order of a fraction of the natural oscillatory period can be obtained. Excellent waveshape reproduction is achieved through a linear phase lag with frequency. The method consists of exciting several transient oscillations, at closely spaced times, with magnitudes and phases so adjusted that the resultant sum of the transient oscillation phasors is zero. The steady-state output is the arithmetic sum of the excitation magnitudes. When a step input transient is divided into two spaced excitations, one-half cycle response is obtainable. When the input transient is divided into three excitations, one-fourth period or faster transient times are realizable, depending upon the available dynamic range or signal-to-noise ratio. The principle of design is to adjust a system to the maximum possible resonant frequency, independent of the damping factor, but stable, and then to apply the Posicast control to completely remove the oscillatory component in the output. In an electrical feedback control system, the additional hardware consists of one or two artificial transmission lines.
Multifunctionalized Electrospun Silk Fibers Promote Axon Regeneration in the Central Nervous System (2011)

Abstract The repair of central nerves remains a major challenge in regenerative neurobiology. Regenerative guides possessing critical features such as cell adhesion, physical guiding and topical stimulation are needed. To generate such a guide, silk‐protein materials are prepared using electrospinning. Silk is selected for this study due to its biocompatibility and its ability to be electrospun for the formation of aligned biofunctional nanofibers. The addition of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) or both to the electrospun fibers enables enhanced function without impact to the structure or the surface morphology. Only a small fraction of the loaded growth factors is released over time, allowing the fibers to continue to provide these factors to cells for extended periods. The entrapped factors remain active and available to the cells, as rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) exhibit longer axonal growth when in contact with the biofunctionalized fibers. Compared with unfunctionalized fibers, the growth of neurites increases 2‐fold on fibers containing BDNF, 2.5‐fold on fibers containing CNTF and almost 3‐fold on fibers containing both factors. The results demonstrate the potential of aligned and functionalized electrospun silk fibers to promote nerve growth in the central nervous system, underlying the great potential of complex biomaterials in neuroregenerative strategies following axotomy and nerve‐crush traumas.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and its Potential in the Treatment of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (1997)

Studies examining small groups of type 2-(NIDDM) diabetic patients have shown the potential of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) to normalize fasting hyperglycaemia. Patient characteristics determining the size of the effect have not been reported. Therefore, the results of four studies were analysed. Exogenous GLP-1 was administered i.v. or s.c. in 37 type 2-diabetic patients, age 60 +/- 8 years; BMI 28.2 +/- 5.3 kg/m2; HbA1c 10.6 +/- 1.6%; diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 years, treatment with sulfonylureas, n = 33, metformin, n = 11, acarbose, n = 3. Results were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Exogenous GLP-1 lowered fasting plasma glucose within 4-5 h from 12.8 +/- 2.5 to 5.3 +/- 1.3 mmol/l (placebo: 12.8 +/- 2.3 to 10.0 +/- 2.2; p < 0.0001 for the interaction of treatment and time). Only fasting glycaemia (p = 0.0085) and the route (i.v. vs. s.c.; p = 0.05), but not gender, age, BMI, HbA1c, diabetes duration, treatment with sulfonylureas, metformin or acarbose, were significant predictors of the plasma glucose concentrations reached after the administration of GLP-1 (variation: 3.4-8.5 mmol/l). In conclusion, GLP-1 is able to normalize plasma glucose in all type 2-diabetic patients studied. This analysis underlines the great therapeutic potential of GLP-1.
A gelonin-containing immunotoxin directed against human breast carcinoma. (1992)

Toxins may be specifically directed to tumor cells and the toxins' potency greatly increased by covalent conjugation to monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor-associated antigens. Antibody 15A8, an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) subclass anti-human breast carcinoma murine monoclonal antibody and gelonin, a plant toxin, were covalently modified with N-succimindyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) proprionate and iminothiolane, respectively, and allowed to cross-link. 15A8-gelonin conjugates were purified from unreacted antibody and free gelonin by gel filtration and blue sepharose chromatography. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the final product contained two bands corresponding to antibody:gelonin conjugates of 1:1 (predominant) and 1:2. There were no contaminating amounts of free antibody or free toxin in the preparation. The yield of the final purified 15A8-gelonin conjugate was approximately 20% based on the amount of starting antibody. The protein synthesis inhibitory activity of the immunoconjugate was assessed by in vitro rabbit reticulocyte translation assay. This functional activity was normalized to that of unmodified gelonin for use in in vitro antiproliferative assays against antigen-negative (Hs294t human melanoma) and antigen-positive (ME-180 human cervical carcinoma) cell lines. Antigen-negative Hs294t cells incubated for 72 hours with 15A8-gelonin immunotoxin showed no increased cytotoxicity compared with HS294t cells exposed to free gelonin alone. However, the immunotoxin was preferentially toxic to antigen-positive ME-180 cells; over 5 logs greater cell kill was observed after 72 hours exposure to 15A8-gelonin than after the same exposure to gelonin alone. Various lysosomotropic agents augmented 15A8-gelonin cytotoxicity; the most effective potentiating agent appeared to be monensin. In addition, the chemotherapeutic agents L-phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM), 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and bleomycin, and the biological response modifiers interferon-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were shown to augment 15A8-gelonin cytotoxicity. Should in vivo pharmacology and therapeutic studies confirm these in vitro findings, 15A8-gelonin conjugate may be a potent agent for therapy of cancer in man.
<title>Presence management in next-generation networks</title> (2001)

The popularity of instant messaging highlights the power that the addition of presence information can bring to communications. Instant messaging systems combine multi-party communications with active presence notifications, allowing users to monitor the presence status of others. We describe several ways presence information can enhance next generation telephone communications and how integration can actually improve instant messaging as well. In addition, we will describe some of the issues associated with implementing and deploying such services, including privacy, data ambiguity and inter-system compatibility.
Determination of Th, U, Na and K in High-purity Tantalum (1991)

Trace impurities in high-purity tantalum for ULSI were regulated severely, because they have effect on reliability of element performance. Radioactive elements and alkali metal elements which cause to trouble particularly, have been investigated by ICP-AES, fluorescence spectrometric method, and flameless-AAS after ion-exchange separation method.We examined conditions of ion-exchange separation of the object elements from matrix tantalum, influences of residual tantalum and acids for sample dissolution on measurement and the countermeasure for them, analytical conditions of ICP-AES, and correction method for fluorescence intensity of U, chiefly. The detection limits of the present methods were 2 ppb for Th, 0.5 ppb for U, and 0.01 ppb for Na and K, respectively.
Isolation of Deoxyshikonin, an Antidermatophytic Principle from Lithospermum erythrorhizon Cell Cultures (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation of Deoxyshikonin, an Antidermatophytic Principle from Lithospermum erythrorhizon Cell CulturesG. Honda, F. Sakakibara, K. Yazaki, and M. TabataCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1988, 51, 1, 152–154Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50055a025https://doi.org/10.1021/np50055a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differential cytokine effects on primitive (CD34+CD38-) human hematopoietic cells: novel responses to Flt3-ligand and thrombopoietin. (1996)

A high proportion of the CD34+CD38- cells in normal human marrow are defined as long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) because they can proliferate and differentiate when co-cultured with cytokine-producing stromal feeder layers. In contrast, very few CD34+CD38- cells will divide in cytokine-containing methylcellulose and thus are not classifiable as direct colony-forming cells (CFC), although most can proliferate in serum-free liquid cultures containing certain soluble cytokines. Analysis of the effects of 16 cytokines on CD34+CD38- cells in the latter type of culture showed that Flt3-ligand (FL), Steel factor (SF), and interleukin (IL)-3 were both necessary and sufficient to obtain an approximately 30-fold amplification of the input LTC-IC population within 10 d. As single factors, only FL and thrombopoietin (TPO) stimulated a net increase in LTC-IC within 10 d. Interestingly, a significantly increased proportion of the CFC produced from the TPO-amplified LTC-IC were erythroid. Increases in the number of directly detectable CFC of > 500-fold were also obtainable within 10 d in serum-free cultures of CD34+CD38- cells. However, this required the presence of IL-6 and/or granulocyte/colony-stimulating factor and/or nerve growth factor beta in addition to FL, SF, and IL-3. Also, for this response, the most potent single-acting factor tested was IL-3, not FL. Identification of cytokine combinations that differentially stimulate primitive human hematopoietic cell self-renewal and lineage determination should facilitate analysis of the intracellular pathways that regulate these decisions as well as the development of improved ex vivo expansion and gene transfer protocols.
The Reduction of Oximes with Diborane. A New Synthesis of N-Monosubstituted Hydroxylamines (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reduction of Oximes with Diborane. A New Synthesis of N-Monosubstituted HydroxylaminesH. Feuer, B. F. Vincent Jr., and R. S. BartlettCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 9, 2877–2880Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01020a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01020a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1250Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Magnetic Attraction to High-Throughput Genomics (1997)

In the two decades since the invention of DNA sequencing, only a tiny fraction of the human genome has been decoded—about 1% of the 3000 mega-base pair (Mbp) total. It is therefore somewhat daunting to consider that the Human Genome Project [[HN1][1]] has committed to completing the remaining 99%
Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. Etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutics (1999)

Partial table of contents: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS Time Trends in the Prevalence of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease in Rochester, Minnesota (E. Kokmen, et al.) Prognosis with Dementia: Results from a European Collaborative Analysis of Population-based Studies (C. Jagger, et al.) GENETIC FACTORS The Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease Associated with the APOE Promoter Polymorphisms (J.-C. Lambert, et al.) Association of Genetic Risk Factors in Alzheimer's Disease and a Novel Mutation in the Predicted TM2 Domain of the Presenilin-2 Gene in Late-onset AD (R. Cacabelos, et al.) DIAGNOSIS, CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL Structural Neuroimaging: Early Diagnosis and Staging of Alzheimer's Disease (M. de Leon, et al.) Cerebrospinal Fluid Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity Is Increased in Alzheimer's Disease (T. Tapiola, et al.) MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY Enrichment of Presenilin 1 Peptides in the Membranes of Neuronal Vesicles: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease (S. Efthimiopoulos, et al.) Molecular Anatomy of Tau Inclusions with Antibodies to Specifically Recognize Tau Isoforms (S. Arawaka, et al.) MECHANISMS OF NEURODEGENERATION Inhibition of Neurofibrillary Degeneration: A Rational and Promising Therapeutic Target (K. Iqbal, et al.) Role of Presenilin Processing and Caspases for Amyloid -Peptide Generation and NOTCH-Signaling (S. Rvhrig, et al.) Neuro-inflammatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease (P. McGeer, et al.) -Amyloid-induced Inflammatory Molecular Cascades in Vascular Cells (Z. Suo, et al.) RELATED NEURODEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS Cracking An Enigma: The Puzzle of Unusual Dementias (P. Lantos) Formation of Protease-resistant Prion Protein In Vitro: Stimulation and Inhibition (B. Caughey, et al.) CELLULAR AND ANIMAL MODELS hFE65L Over-expression Enhances -Amyloid Precursor Protein Maturation and Processing (S. Guinette, et al.) Monoamine Oxidase Activities in Murine Neuroblastoma Cells upon Acute or Chronic Treatment with Aluminum or Tacrine (P. Zatta & P. Zambenedetti) THERAPEUTICS Trends in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment and Prevention (F. Forette & F. Boller) CSF Tau Protein Levels Before and After Tacrine Therapy in Patients with Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (M. Tsolaki, et al.) NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTS Decreased Neuronal Activity and Therapeutic Strategies Directed towards Reactivation in Alzheimer's Disease (D. Swaab, et al.) Exercise Program in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (C. Mouzakidis, et al.) PSYCHOSOCIAL The Circle Model Support for Relatives of People with Dementia (W. Jansson, et al.) Development of a Short Measurement of Individual Quality of Life (SEIQoL Short Form) (D. Meier, et al.) Indexes.
Isolation, characterization, and expression in Escherichia coli of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhlAB genes encoding a rhamnosyltransferase involved in rhamnolipid biosurfactant synthesis. (1994)

Transposon Tn5-GM-induced mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which are unable to produce rhamnolipid biosurfactants and lack rhamnosyltransferase activity have been isolated. The DNA regions flanking the transposon were cloned and used as specific probes for the isolation of the corresponding wild-type genes from a P. aeruginosa wild-type cosmid gene library. Single cosmid clones capable of restoring rhamnolipid synthesis in the mutant strains were isolated and further subcloned and sequenced, resulting in the identification of two genes (rhlAB) which are organized as an operon upstream of the previously identified rhlR regulatory gene. The RhlA protein (32.5 kDa) harbors a putative signal sequence, suggesting that this protein is located in the periplasm, while the RhlB protein (47 kDa) contains at least two putative membrane-spanning domains. The expression of the rhlAB genes was found to be enhanced 20-fold during the stationary phase of growth under conditions of nitrogen limitation, as measured by using rhlA::lacZ fusions. Moreover, the transcriptional activation of the rhlAB genes appears to depend on a functional RhlR regulatory protein. The sequence upstream of the rhlA promoter contains two inverted repeats which define putative binding sites for the RhlR regulator. The controlled expression of the rhlAB genes in Escherichia coli led to the formation of active rhamnosyltransferase. This provides direct evidence for the fact that the rhamnosyltransferase encoding genes have been identified.
The 2001 Bethesda System terminology. (2003)

The 2001 Bethesda System for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses is an incremental change in the uniform terminology introduced in 1988 and revised in 1991. The 2001 Bethesda System includes specific statements about specimen adequacy, general categorization, and interpretation and results. In the adequacy category, "satisfactory" and "unsatisfactory" are retained, but "satisfactory but limited by" is eliminated. The new category of "atypical squamous cells" (ASC) replaces the category of "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" (ASCUS) and is divided into qualifiers of (1) ASC of "undetermined significance" (ASC-US) and (2) "cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)," or (ASC-H). The categories of ASCUS, "favor reactive" and "favor neoplasia" are eliminated. The terminology for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and HSILs remains unchanged. The category of "atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance" (AGUS) is eliminated to avoid confusion with ASCUS and is replaced by the term "atypical glandular cells" (AGC), with attempts to identify whether the origin of the cells is endometrial, endocervical, or unqualified. "Endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ" and "AGC, favor neoplastic" are included as separate AGC categories. The presence of normal or abnormal endometrial cells is to be reported in women who are at least 40 years of age. Educational notes and comments on ancillary testing may be added as appropriate.
Substrate-Supported Lipid Nanotube Arrays (2003)

This Communication describes the self-assembly of phospholipids into lipid nanotubes inside nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide substrate. Orientations of the lipid molecules in such lipid nanoscale structures were verified by high-resolution spin labeling EPR at 95 GHz. The static order parameter of lipids in such nanotube arrays was determined from low-temperature EPR spectra and was found to be exceptionally high, Sstatic approximately 0.9. We propose that substrate-supported lipid nanotube arrays have potential for building robust biochips and biosensors in which rigid nanoporous substrates protect the bilayer surface from contamination. The total bilayer surface in the lipid nanotube arrays is much greater than that in the planar substrate-supported membranes. The lipid nanotube arrays seem to be suitable for developing patterned lipid deposition and could be potentially used for patterning of membrane-associated molecules.
High‐efficiency organic electroluminescent devices using iridium complex emitter and arylamine‐containing polymer buffer layer (2002)

Abstract We have developed efficient organic electroluminescent (EL) devices using a phosphorescent material, tris(2‐phenylpyridine) iridium, Ir(ppy) 3 , as an emitter material and a polymer buffer layer, tetraphenyldiamine‐containing poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PTPDES) doped with tris(4‐bromophenyl) aminium hexachloroantimonate (TBPAH) as an electron acceptor. In this device, a high external quantum efficiency of 21.6% and a luminous efficiency of 82 lm/W (77 cd/A) at 3.0 V were obtained. These high efficiencies can be explained by high quantum efficiency due to phosphorescent Ir(ppy) 3 and high luminous efficiency realized by the use of the polymer buffer layer. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Vacuum assisted closure system in the management of enterocutaneous fistulae (2002)

The VAC system can be an effective and economically viable method of containing fistula effluent and protecting the skin of patients with enterocutaneous fistulae. Contrary to conventional thought, the VAC system may also actually promote healing of the fistula.
Cooling assessment and distribution of heat dissipation of a cavity down plastic ball grid array package - NuBGA (1997)

The thermal performance of a cost-effective cavity-down plastic balt grid array package is studied by both experimental measurement and finite element methods. The temperature and heat-dissipation distributions and thermal resistance of the package, NUBGA. for different sizes of heat spreader are determined. Also, different heat-sink attachments onto the heat spreader to further enhance the package cooling capability is presented.