gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Acrosin during Mouse Spermatogenesis: A Biochemical and Immunocytochemical Analysis by a Monoctonal Antibody C 11 H1 (1986)

A monoclonal antibody C 11 H was produced against human acrosomal antigen. It also cross-reacted with acrosomes of the boar and the mouse. In boar spermatozoa the antibody reacted, in immunoblotting analysis, with polypeptides of Mr 55,000 and 53,000. The proteolytic activity was detected by zymographic casein overlay assay. Partially purified boar sperm acrosin was bound by the C 11 H affinity column, and acrosin activity was detected in the eluate. These experiments indicate that C 11 H antibody recognizes sperm acrosin. The acrosin expression during spermatogenesis was studied with C 11 H antibody, using mouse testis as a model. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that step 9 spermatids were the first cells to react with C 11 H antibody. During step 14, the perinuclear pattern of C 11 H-binding disintegrated into small particles around the spermatid nuclei for the period of close association between spermatid bundles and Sertoli cells. During late step 15, the antigen became located at the site in the acrosome typical for step 16 spermatids and spermatozoa. These results indicate that monoclonal C 11 H antibody recognizes acrosin that is first expressed in haploid cells coincident with the onset of nuclear elongation and cessation of RNA transcription. The changes in the distribution pattern suggest that acrosin may be modified by Sertoli cells. In addition to studies on acrosin, this antibody may be useful in investigations of transcription and translation and their regulation during spermatogenesis in general.
Application of a tumor suppressor (C-CAM1)-expressing recombinant adenovirus in androgen-independent human prostate cancer therapy: a preclinical study. (1995)

Recently, we demonstrated that an androgen-regulated cell adhesion molecule, C-CAM, acts as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer development. In this study, we further explored the possibility of applying C-CAM as a potential agent for developing prostate cancer gene therapy using an adenoviral delivery system. We found that prostate cancer cells, in general, were sensitive to adenoviral infection. In vitro characterization indicated that C-CAM1 protein was detected only in C-CAM1 adenovirus-infected cells but not in antisense control virus-infected cells, and the levels of expression showed dose dependency. Because of the stability of the protein, C-CAM expression in viral-infected cells appeared to be a long-lasting event, indicating that C-CAM may be superior to many other known tumor suppressors that have a short protein half-life. Most importantly, the delivery of a single dose of C-CAM adenovirus was able to repress the growth of PC-3-induced tumors in nude mice for at least 3 weeks. Taken together, these data indicate that C-CAM is a potential candidate for human prostate cancer therapy.
Attempt to fulfil Koch's postulates for pyloric Campylobacter (1985)

A volunteer with histologically normal gastric mucosa received pyloric campylobacter by mouth. A mild illness developed, which lasted 14 days. Histologically proven gastritis was present on the tenth day after the ingestion of bacteria, but this had largely resolved by the fourteenth day. The syndrome of acute pyloric campylobacter gastritis is described. It is proposed that this disorder may progress to a chronic infection which predisposes to peptic ulceration.
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Gene Polymorphism Is Associated With Increase of Left Ventricular Mass But Not With Hypertension (1998)

A genetic epidemiologic approach is useful to elucidate the genes responsible for hypertension. Genetic analyses of the components of the renin-angiotensin system have succeeded in showing an association between their polymorphism and hypertension. Recently, two types of angiotensin II receptor were cloned and characterized. To examine the genetic contribution of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) and type 2 receptor (AT2) genes in human essential hypertension, a case-control study was performed in Japanese subjects. The study comprised 321 subjects with hypertension who satisfied the criteria for essential hypertension, together with 215 age and sex matched controls. The significance of the differences in genotype distribution between hypertensive and normotensive subjects was examined by chi2 analysis. Neither AT1 nor AT2 gene variants were associated with human essential hypertension in the Japanese subjects. However, the AT1 receptor gene polymorphism was associated with left ventricular mass index in normotensive subjects. The study results suggest that gene polymorphisms of both angiotensin II receptors are not directly involved in the increase of genetic risk for hypertension, but that the AT1 receptor gene might contribute genetically to the increase of left ventricular mass.
Hash‐bucket search: A fast technique for searching an english spelling dictionary (1982)

Abstract When a document is prepared using a computer system, it can be checked for spelling errors automatically and efficiently. This paper reviews and compares several methods for searching an English spelling dictionary. It also presents a new technique, hash ‐ bucket search, for searching a static table in general, and a dictionary in particular. Analysis shows that with only a small amount of space beyond that required to store the keys, the hash‐bucket search method has many advantages over existing methods. Experimental results with a sample dictionary using double hashing and the hash‐bucket techniques are presented.
Handbook of ion implantation technology (1992)

Ion implantation physics (J.F. Ziegler). Radiation damage and annealing in ion implantation (G. Guylai). Channeling effects in ion implantation (R. Simonton, A.F. Tasch). Process simulation and ion implantation (H. Glawischnig). Ion implantation applications in CMOS process technology (R. Simonton, F. Sinclair). New technologies for ion implantation (M.I. Current et al.). Safety considerations for ion implanters (H. Ryssel et al.). Ion source fundamentals (K.G. Stephens). Ion source operation and maintenance in a semiconductor production environment (R.B. Simonton). Photoresist and particulate problems (T.C. Smith). Wafer cooling and wafer charging in ion implantation (M.E. Mack). Process control for ion implantation (M.I. Current et al.). Contamination problems in ion implantation (H. Ryssel, L. Frey). Index.
Independent Impact of Gout on Mortality and Risk for Coronary Heart Disease (2007)

These prospective data indicate that men with gout have a higher risk of death from all causes. Among men without preexisting CHD, the increased mortality risk is primarily a result of an elevated risk of CVD death, particularly from CHD.
Autonomous splicing and complementation of in vivo-assembled spliceosomes. (1989)

We have used an in vivo system generating assayable amounts of a specific pre-mRNA to study the relationship between splicing and an operationally defined nuclear matrix preparation (NM). When NM is prepared by extraction of DNase I-treated nuclei with an approximately physiological concentration of KCl (0.1 M), a portion of NM-associated precursor can be spliced in vitro in the presence of ATP and Mg2+ and in the absence of splicing extract ("autonomous splicing"). We propose that the autonomous reaction, which does not exhibit a temporal lag and is half-complete in 5 min, occurs in fully assembled, matrix-bound ribonucleoprotein complexes (in vivo spliceosomes). Extraction of the NM with concentrations of KCl greater than 0.4 M eliminates autonomous splicing but leaves behind preassembled complexes that can be complemented for splicing with HeLa cell nuclear extract. The splicing complementing factor, representing one or more activities present in the nuclear extract and also in the cytoplasmic S100 fraction, is relatively heat resistant, devoid of an RNA component, and does not bind to DEAE-Sepharose in 0.1 M KCl. It exists in the nucleus in two forms; bound to autonomous spliceosomes and free in the nucleoplasm. Biochemical features of the complementation reaction, and conditions for reversible uncoupling of the two splicing steps are described and discussed.
Structure and multiplicity of genes for the human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region. (1980)

Several genes for the variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chains (VH genes) have been isolated from human fetal liver DNA by using a cDNA plasmid probe containing a mouse VH sequence. The detectable VH genes are separated by 12-16 kilobases of DNA, and hybridization experiments show about 23 hybridizing VH genes in DNA of three different individuals. The complete nucleotide sequence of one of these human VH genes shows that it belongs to the human VHIII subgroup. The VH gene appears to contain an intervening sequence (104 bases in length) within a precursor sequence, between residues -4 and -5. The precursor sequence is itself 19 codons in length. The 3' end of the V gene seems to be at codon 93 or 94, and this is followed by the conserved sequences C-A-C-A-G-T-G and G-A-C-A-C-A-A-A-C-C. The presence of these sequences suggests that similar enzymatic mechanisms are involved in the integration of V genes in both heavy and light chains.
New approaches for the assessment of vessel sizes in quantitative (cardio-)vascular X-ray analysis (2009)

This paper presents new approaches for the assessment of the arterial and reference diameters in (cardio-)vascular X-ray images, designed to overcome the problems experienced in conventional quantitative coronary and vascular angiography approaches. In single or "straight" vessel segments, the arterial and reference diameter directions were made independent of each other in order to be able to measure the minimal lumen diameter (MLD) more accurately, especially in curved vessel segments. For ostial segments, an extension of this approach was used, to allow measurement of ostial lesions in sidebranches more proximal than using conventional methods. Furthermore, two new bifurcation approaches were developed. The validation study shows that the straight segment approach results in significant smaller MLDs (on average 0.032 mm) and the ostial approach achieves on average an increase in %DS of 3.8% and an increase in lesion length of 0.59 mm due to loosening the directional constraint. The validation of our new bifurcation approaches in phantom data as well as clinical data shows only small differences between pre- and post-intervention measurements of the reference diameters outside the bifurcation core (errors smaller than 0.06 mm) and the bifurcation core area (errors smaller than 1.4% for phantom data). In summary, these new approaches have led to further improvements in the quantitative analyses of (cardio-)vascular X-ray angiographies.
Recent progress in the electrochemical conversion and utilization of CO2 (2011)

Over the past several years, there has been a growing interest in the capture of carbon dioxide emissions and either their permanent immobilization or chemical conversion to industrially relevant products. Several processes have been developed and studied; however, many of these methods are quite expensive since they require either ultra high purity CO2 or are energy intensive. Also, many purely chemical methods show low product selectivity. To address these limitations, several researchers have initiated activities using electrochemical processes to increase reaction pathway selectivity and reduce cost since it allows for direct control of the surface free energy through the electrode potential, which has shown promise. This review article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of current electrochemical, photoelectrochemical and bioelectrochemical processes for CO2 conversion, and future directions for research in this area are discussed.
Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants (2012)

Omega-3 (ω-3) very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5 Δ5,8,11,14,17) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 Δ4,7,10,13,16,19) have been shown to have significant roles in human health. Currently the primary dietary source of these fatty acids are marine fish; however, the increasing demand for fish and fish oil (in particular the expansion of the aquaculture industry) is placing enormous pressure on diminishing marine stocks. Such overfishing and concerns related to pollution in the marine environment have directed research towards the development of a viable alternative sustainable source of VLC-PUFAs. As a result, the last decade has seen many genes encoding the primary VLC-PUFA biosynthetic activities identified and characterized. This has allowed the reconstitution of the VLC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway in oilseed crops, producing transgenic plants engineered to accumulate ω-3 VLC-PUFAs at levels approaching those found in native marine organisms. Moreover, as a result of these engineering activities, knowledge of the fundamental processes surrounding acyl exchange and lipid remodelling has progressed. The application of new technologies, for example lipidomics and next-generation sequencing, is providing a better understanding of seed oil biosynthesis and opportunities for increasing the production of unusual fatty acids. Certainly, it is now possible to modify the composition of plant oils successfully, and, in this review, the most recent developments in this field and the challenges of producing VLC-PUFAs in the seed oil of higher plants will be described.
How the Microbiome Might Promote Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (2016)

Certain phyla of gut bacteria are more common in patients with metabolic syndrome, obesity, or both (NEJM JW Gen Med Nov 15 2013 and Nature 2013; 500:541). A series of experiments in rats provides strong evidence for metabolic and physiologic mechanisms that explain this correlation.

Consistent with previous study results, …
A Systems Approach to Measuring the Binding Energy Landscapes of Transcription Factors (2007)

A major goal of systems biology is to predict the function of biological networks. Although network topologies have been successfully determined in many cases, the quantitative parameters governing these networks generally have not. Measuring affinities of molecular interactions in high-throughput format remains problematic, especially for transient and low-affinity interactions. We describe a high-throughput microfluidic platform that measures such properties on the basis of mechanical trapping of molecular interactions. With this platform we characterized DNA binding energy landscapes for four eukaryotic transcription factors; these landscapes were used to test basic assumptions about transcription factor binding and to predict their in vivo function.
Anti-inflammatory effects of pancreatitis associated protein in inflammatory bowel disease (2005)

PAP is synthesised by Paneth cells and is overexpressed in colonic tissue of active IBD. PAP inhibits NFkappaB activation and downregulates cytokine production and adhesion molecule expression in inflamed tissue. It may represent an anti-inflammatory mechanism and new therapeutic strategy in IBD.
A Highly Linear SAW-Less CMOS Receiver Using a Mixer With Embedded Tx Filtering for CDMA (2009)

An embedded filtering passive (EFP) mixer is used to overcome transmitter power leakage in a receiver without the use of a SAW filter. The receiver IC exhibits more than + 60 dBm of Rx IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , 2.4 dB Rx noise figure, and +77 dB of Triple Beat (TB) with 45 MHz offset transmit leakage at 900 MHz Rx frequency while consuming only 18 mA from a 2.1 V supply. Thanks to the embedded filtering passive mixer, the proposed receiver IC shows an additional 15 dB Tx rejection compared to a conventional receiver. The additional Tx rejection improved the IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> by 10 dB and TB by 30 dB. The complete receiver consists of a differential LNA employing an active post-distortion (APD), I/Q embedded filtering passive mixer, two TIAs for I/Q outputs. The fabricated receiver IC occupies 2.25 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including bonding pads, ESD devices, local oscillator (LO) input buffer, frequency divider, and mixer drivers. The receiver is fabricated using a 0.18 mum CMOS process with 5 metal and 1 poly (5M1P) layer.
A Practical, Fast, and High-Yielding Aziridination Procedure Using Simple Cu(II) Complexes Containing N-Donor Pyridine-Based Ligands (2005)

Four-coordinate dichlorocopper(II) complexes derived from di(2-pyridyl)methanes or pyridine itself exhibit high catalytic activity in aziridination of regular olefins with PhINTs in weakly coordinating chloroform in the presence of 1-2 equiv of NaBArF4 (BArF4- = tetra[3,5-di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate). High yields of aziridines exceeding 90% can be obtained with a 1:1 olefin/PhINTs ratio and 1-5 mol % catalyst loading for such reactive olefins as styrene, tri- and tetramethylethylene. For cis-cyclooctene, indene, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl methyl ketone, tert-butylethylene, and neopentylethylene, as well as for 1-hexene and cyclopentene, yields of corresponding aziridines vary from 44% to 83%. The catalytic activity and efficiency of the reported copper complexes decrease moderately in the absence of NaBArF4.
Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial DNA Mutation, and Impairment of Antioxidant Enzymes in Aging (2002)

Mitochondria do not only produce less ATP, but they also increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as by-products of aerobic metabolism in the aging tissues of the human and animals. It is now generally accepted that aging-associated respiratory function decline can result in enhanced production of ROS in mitochondria. Moreover, the activities of free radical-scavenging enzymes are altered in the aging process. The concurrent age-related changes of these two systems result in the elevation of oxidative stress in aging tissues. Within a certain concentration range, ROS may induce stress response of the cells by altering expression of respiratory genes to uphold the energy metabolism to rescue the cell. However, beyond the threshold, ROS may cause a wide spectrum of oxidative damage to various cellular components to result in cell death or elicit apoptosis by induction of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition and release of apoptogenic factors such as cytochrome c. Moreover, oxidative damage and large-scale deletion and duplication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been found to increase with age in various tissues of the human. Mitochondria act like a biosensor of oxidative stress and they enable cell to undergo changes in aging and age-related diseases. On the other hand, it has recently been demonstrated that impairment in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation elicits an increase in oxidative stress and causes a host of mtDNA rearrangements and deletions. Here, we review work done in the past few years to support our view that oxidative stress and oxidative damage are a result of concurrent accumulation of mtDNA mutations and defective antioxidant enzymes in human aging.
Gene structure and glial expression of the glycine transporter GlyT1 in embryonic and adult rodents (1995)

Na+/Cl(-)-dependent glycine transporters are crucial for the termination of neurotransmission at glycinergic synapses. Two different glycine transporter genes, GlyT1 and GlyT2, have been described. Several isoforms differing in their 5' ends originate from the GlyT1 gene. We have determined the genomic structure of the murine GlyT1 gene to elucidate the genetic basis underlying the different isoforms. Analysis of cDNA 5'-ends revealed that the GlyT1a and 1b/1c mRNAs are transcribed from two different promoters. During murine embryonic development GlyT1 mRNAs were detectable by RNase protection assays as early as embryonic day E9 and reached maximal levels between E13 and E15. In situ hybridization revealed GlyT1 expression in the developing spinal cord mainly in the ventral part of the ventricular zone at E12. At later stages (E15) transcripts were also found in the lateral half of the basal and intermediate gray matter. In contrast, the second glycine transporter gene GlyT2 displayed a completely different expression pattern. At E11 it is expressed in the mantle zone, and at later stages throughout the ventral horns. In the adult rat brain and spinal cord, GlyT1 hybridization signals were found exclusively in glial cells. Our data indicate that GlyT1 is an early marker of neural development and encodes glia-specific transporter proteins.
Progress in Aptazymes (2007)

Aptazymes are a new artificial synzyme, selected from the random oligonucleotide sequence libraries against various of effector molecules. They own the advantages of an aptamer(the receptor site) and the ribozyme (the catalytic active site). Moreover, aptazymes as catalytic molecular beacon provide a new orientation for the quantitative analysis of effector molecules. Aptazymes not only have the application in genomics and proteomics, but also have potential applications in biosensor and DNA AND gate.
Managing Phase V DECnet networks: the entity model (1988)

The digital network architecture (DNA) defines how DECnet networks operate. DNA has evolved over a series of phases, each incorporating technologies. The latest phase of DNA, Phase V, integrates many OSI protocols into DNA. The author surveys the changes to DNA network management in Phase V. In particular, he describes the entity model, which models the management of the network components, and some of the supporting architectures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Erbium-doped fibre amplifier circuit having a subsidiaryerbium-doped fibre useful for bidirectional optical transmissionsystems (1994)

An Er3+-doped fibre amplifier circuit is proposed for use at a terminal end of bidirectional optical transmission systems which use wavelengths in the 1.53 µm and 1. 55 µm bands. A subsidiary Er3+-doped fibre to compensate for the gain characteristic difference between these wavelengths allowed nonrepeated bidirectional transmission at 2.488 Gbit/s with a 49 dB power budget margin.
Congenital Heart Disease Caused by Mutations in the Transcription Factor NKX2-5 (1998)

Mutations in the gene encoding the homeobox transcription factor NKX2-5 were found to cause nonsyndromic, human congenital heart disease. A dominant disease locus associated with cardiac malformations and atrioventricular conduction abnormalities was mapped to chromosome 5q35, where NKX2-5, a Drosophila tinman homolog, is located. Three different NKX2-5 mutations were identified. Two are predicted to impair binding of NKX2-5 to target DNA, resulting in haploinsufficiency, and a third potentially augments target-DNA binding. These data indicate that NKX2-5 is important for regulation of septation during cardiac morphogenesis and for maturation and maintenance of atrioventricular node function throughout life.
インターネットネットスケープクイックガイド : For Windows (1995)

１ インターネットとＷｅｂ ２ さあ、はじめよう ３ Ｎｅｔｓｃａｐｅの使い方 ４ サイバースペースへ乗り出そう ５ 自分のホームページを作るには ６ スペシャルアプリケーションとサイト