gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovarian Follicular Development in Prepubertal Heifers is Influenced by Level of Dietary Energy Intake1 (1994)

Objectives were twofold: 1) to determine the chronology of development of dominant ovarian follicles during the peripubertal period in heifers and 2) to determine whether feeding a diet with low energy content that delays onset of puberty alters chronology of dominant ovarian follicular development in peripubertal heifers. Ten heifers of composite breeding (1/4 Angus, 1/4 Hereford, 1/4 Red Poll, 1/4 Pinzgauer) were randomly assigned, at 8 mo of age, to receive a diet designed to produce 0.9 (n = 5) or 0.3 (n = 5) kg body weight gain per day for the duration of the experiment. To characterize changes in size of ovarian follicles, real-time linear ultrasonography of ovaries was conducted in all heifers every other day until puberty occurred. Blood samples were collected weekly to determine concentrations of progesterone and 17 beta-estradiol. Determination of time of puberty was based on increased concentrations of progesterone, ultrasound depiction of ovulation, and subsequent presence of a corpus luteum. Size of the dominant ovarian follicles differed prior to puberty (p < 0.03); diameter of the dominant ovarian follicle was greater in all heifers as the first ovulation approached as compared to earlier in prepuberty. Heifers fed the greater amount of energy exhibited larger dominant ovarian follicles at a younger age in comparison to heifers fed the lower amount of energy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Online feedback focusing algorithm for hyperthermia cancer treatment (2007)

A feedback control algorithm is presented and shown to be successful in iteratively improving the focus of tissue heating within a four-antenna cylindrical phased array hyperthermia applicator. This algorithm appears to be robust in the presence of errors in assumed tissue properties, including realistic deviations of tissue properties and patient position in applicator. Only moderate robustness was achieved in the presence of misaligned applicator/tumor positioning and antenna excitation errors resulting from load mismatch or antenna cross coupling.
CD ROM. The New Papyrus: The Current and Future State of the Art. (1986)

Discrete foci of white matter necrosis were observed in the telencephalic white matter in 6 cases of spontaneous ovine abortion. All fetuses were in the third trimester of gestation and 2 of the 6 were term fetuses. The lesions were distributed randomly throughout the cerebrocortical white matter and consist of pale hypocellular plaques with a variable glial cell response and encrustation of necrotic cellular processes. A variety of additional lesions were present in the brains of the aborted fetuses. The lesions of telencephalic white matter necrosis have not been reported previously and are unlike those associated with known viral infections of the developing fetus. Based on the character of the lesions, a hypoxic-ischemic or hypotensive mechanism is suggested. The lesions are compared with a similar condition in human fetuses and neonates.
Nucleic acid detection using non-radioactive labelling methods (1995)

Nucleic acid probe-based assays are now widely used in genetic research, human identification, forensics and in a broad spectrum of clinical assays in the fields of microbiology, haematology/oncology and virology. Labelled probes are used in a variety of assay formats including dot-blots, Southern blots (DNA target), Northern blots (RNA target), Western blots (protein target), in situ hybridization, plaque or colony screening and immobilized arrays on silicon or glass surfaces. Traditionally, the probes used in these assays have a radioactive 32phosphorous label that has a short shelf-life, is dangerous, has high disposal costs and, when labelled to high specific-activity, may be unstable. Extensive efforts to develop alternative labelling techniques have resulted in colorimetric, chemiluminescent and fluorescent assay formats. This review summarizes the properties desired in a probe, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the different non-radioactive labelling strategies, and illustrates examples of probe-based assays in which detection is facilitated by imaging samples using a general purpose fluorescence scanner.
National Labs Focus on Tools against Terrorism in Wake of Airliner and Anthrax Attacks (2002)

A sophisticated array of devices to detect the potential weapons of terrorism—chemical and biological agents, radioactive material, and explosives—are being developed by scientists working long hours to try to prevent future attacks.
Sequencing and mutagenesis of genes from the erythromycin biosynthetic gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora erythraea that are involved in L-mycarose and D-desosamine production (1997)

The nucleotide sequence on both sides of the eryA polyketide synthase gene of the erythromycin-producing bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea reve the presence of ten genes that are involved in L -mycarose ( eryB ) and D -desosamine ( eryC ) biosynthesis or attachment. Mutant strains carrying targeted lesions in eight of these genes indicate that three ( eryBIV, eryBV an eryBVI ) act in L-mycairose biosynthesis or attachment, while the other five ( eryCII, eryCIII, eryCIV, eryCV and eryCVI ) are devoted to D -desosamine biosynthesis or attachment. The remaining two genes ( eryBII and eryBVII ) appear to function in L -mycarose biosynthesis based on computer analysis an earlier genetic data. Three of these genes, eryBII, eryCIII and eryCII , lie between the eryAIII and eryG genes on one side of the polyketide synthase genes, while the remaining seven, eryBIV, eryBV, eryCVI, eryBVI, eryCIV, eryC and eryBVII lie upstream of the eryAI gene on the other side of the gene cluster. The deduced products of these genes show similarities to: aldohexos 4-ketoreductases ( eryBIV ), aldoketo reductases ( eryBII ), aldohexose 5-epimerases ( eryBVII ), the dnmT gene of the daunomycin biosynthetic pathwa of Streptomyces peucetius ( eryBVI ), glycosyltransferases ( eryBV and eryCIII ), the AscC 3,4-dehydratase from the ascarylose biosynthetic pathway of Yersin pseudotuberculosis ( eryCIV ), and mammalian N -methyltransferases ( eryCVI ). The eryCII gene resembles a cytochrome P450, but lacks the conserved cysteir residue responsible for coordination of the haem iron, while the eryCV gene displays no meaningful similarity to other known sequences. From the predicted function of these and other known eryB and eryC genes, pathways for the biosynthesis of L-mycarose and D-desosamine have been deduced.
Synthesis and Evaluation of some 2-, 4- and 2,4- Di-substituted.-6-methylpyrimidine Derivatives for Antimicrobial Activity (1986)

Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt <em>Manuscript received</em> <em>23 September 1986, accepted 2 August 1986</em> The reaction of 2-amino-4-cbloro-, 4-amino-2-chloro- and 2,4-dichloro-6-methyl­pyrimidines with primary aromatic amines under acidic conditions is presented. 2-, and 4-<sup>\(\omega\)</sup>-substituted-thioureido-6-methylpyrimidines were synthesised via the reaction of 2-amino-and 4-amino-6-metbylpyrimidine derivatives with arylisocyanates. Six com­pounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity and most of them showed a moderate activity against <em>B.</em> <em>subtiles, E. cols</em><em> </em>and <em>A. niger.</em>
Carbocyclic fatty acids in plants: Biochemical and molecular genetic characterization of cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis of Sterculia foetida (2002)

Fatty acids containing three-member carbocyclic rings are found in bacteria and plants. Bacteria synthesize cyclopropane fatty acids (CPA-FAs) only by the addition of a methylene group from S-adenosylmethionine to the cis-double bond of monoenoic phospholipid-bound fatty acids. In plants CPA-FAs are usually minor components with cyclopropene fatty acids (CPE-FAs) more abundant. Sterculia foetida seed oil contains 65-78% CPE-FAs, principally sterculic acid. To address carbocyclic fatty acid synthesis in plants, a cDNA library was constructed from developing seeds during the period of maximum oil deposition. About 0.4% of 5,300 expressed sequence tags were derived from one gene, which shared similarities to the bacterial CPA-FA synthase. However, the predicted protein is twice as large as the bacterial homolog and represents a fusion of an FAD-containing oxidase at the N terminus and a methyltransferase at the C terminus. Functional analysis of the isolated full-length cDNA was conducted in tobacco suspension cells where its expression resulted in the accumulation of up to 6.2% dihydrosterculate of total fatty acids. In addition, the dihydrosterculate was specifically labeled by [methyl-(14)C]methionine and by [(14)C]oleic acid in the transgenic tobacco cells. In in vitro assay of S. foetida seed extracts, S-adenosylmethionine served as a methylene donor for the synthesis of dihydrosterculate from oleate. Dihydrosterculate accumulated largely in phosphatidylcholine in both systems. Together, a CPA-FA synthase was identified from S. foetida, and the pathway in higher plants that produce carbocyclic fatty acids was defined as by transfer of C(1) units, most likely from S-adenosylmethionine to oleate.
Birefringence and diffraction of light in ordered block copolymer materials (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBirefringence and diffraction of light in ordered block copolymer materialsB. A. Garetz, M. C. Newstein, H. J. Dai, S. V. Jonnalagadda, and N. P. BalsaraCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 12, 3151–3155Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00064a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00064a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views420Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rate and molecular spectrum of spontaneous mutations in the bacterium Escherichia coli as determined by whole-genome sequencing (2012)

Knowledge of the rate and nature of spontaneous mutation is fundamental to understanding evolutionary and molecular processes. In this report, we analyze spontaneous mutations accumulated over thousands of generations by wild-type Escherichia coli and a derivative defective in mismatch repair (MMR), the primary pathway for correcting replication errors. The major conclusions are (i) the mutation rate of a wild-type E. coli strain is ~1 × 10(-3) per genome per generation; (ii) mutations in the wild-type strain have the expected mutational bias for G:C > A:T mutations, but the bias changes to A:T > G:C mutations in the absence of MMR; (iii) during replication, A:T > G:C transitions preferentially occur with A templating the lagging strand and T templating the leading strand, whereas G:C > A:T transitions preferentially occur with C templating the lagging strand and G templating the leading strand; (iv) there is a strong bias for transition mutations to occur at 5'ApC3'/3'TpG5' sites (where bases 5'A and 3'T are mutated) and, to a lesser extent, at 5'GpC3'/3'CpG5' sites (where bases 5'G and 3'C are mutated); (v) although the rate of small (≤4 nt) insertions and deletions is high at repeat sequences, these events occur at only 1/10th the genomic rate of base-pair substitutions. MMR activity is genetically regulated, and bacteria isolated from nature often lack MMR capacity, suggesting that modulation of MMR can be adaptive. Thus, comparing results from the wild-type and MMR-defective strains may lead to a deeper understanding of factors that determine mutation rates and spectra, how these factors may differ among organisms, and how they may be shaped by environmental conditions.
Expression of the T-cell receptor gamma-chain gene products on the surface of peripheral T cells and T-cell blasts generated by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. (1987)

The gamma-chain genes of the T-cell receptors form a family of related genes that are specifically expressed and somatically rearranged in T cells. Using poly- and monoclonal anti-gamma antibodies, we studied the cell-surface expression of the gamma-chain gene products in mouse peripheral T cells as well as in the T-cell blasts generated by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions. The gamma chains are expressed in the Lyt2-,L3T4- subsets of these T-cell populations as disulfide-linked heterodimers. Whereas the electrophoretic mobility and the N-glycosylation of the spleen and lymph-node gamma chains are indistinguishable from those of the reported thymocyte gamma chain, a minor fraction of the T blasts generated by allogeneic stimulation of B10 lymph-node T cells with B10.BR spleen cells seems to express gamma chains with distinct properties. This suggests that the mixed lymphocyte culture conditions exert a selective effect on the expression of gamma chains among peripheral T-cell populations.
The Therapeutic Use of Touch with the Elderly (1986)

Articles on the beneficial effects of touch have been quite prolific in health care literature over the past ten to fifteen years. Prior to that time, affective touching was not encouraged in health care. Touch other than task oriented touch was feared to carry sexual connotations or to be associated with primitive healing and superstitious practices. Scientific research of the 50s and 60s demonstrated the importance of touch to physical and psychological well bein. Health care professionals were encouraged to use touch abundantly especially with infants and the elderly. With little understanding of the skills needed in touch, some health care professionals are unable to obtain the results they desire.
Requirement for binding of catalytically active factor VIIa in tissue factor-dependent experimental metastasis. (1998)

Tissue factor (TF), the initiating cell surface receptor of the coagulation cascade, plays important roles in embryogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor cell metastasis. It is controversial whether proteolytic function of TF complexed with its serine protease ligand VIIa is required for metastatic tumor dissemination. We show here in a model for TF-dependent experimental hematogenous metastasis, that TF supports metastasis by both proteolytic activity of the TF-VIIa complex and currently undefined functions of the cytoplasmic domain. We demonstrate that ligand binding of VIIa to TF is required for metastasis. Antimetastatic properties of covalently inactivated VIIa provide evidence that ligand binding is insufficient per se to support metastasis, emphasizing that proteolytic activity is necessary for the metastatic process. Ala or Asp mutations of cytoplasmic serine residues were introduced to preclude or mimic phosphorylation. In vivo analysis of these mutants suggests that local protease generation on the tumor cell surface does not serve simply to activate the cytoplasmic domain of TF by serine phosphorylation. Thus, extracellular functions of the catalytically active TF-VIIa complex cooperate with specific functions of the TF cytoplasmic domain to support the complex process of hematogenous tumor cell dissemination.
ELECTRO-OPTIC COEFFICIENTS OF FERROELECTRIC STRONTIUM BARIUM NIOBATE (1967)

Linear electro-optic coefficients as large as r ∼ 4 × 10-5 cm/statvolt have been measured in the system of ferroelectric strontium barium niobates, SrxBa1-xNb2O6. In the first crystals x varies from 0.75 to 0.25, with Curie temperatures ranging from ∼60°C to 250°C. At 15 Mc, the respective half-wave field distance products range from 48 to 1236 V.
Cell division inhibitors SulA and MinCD prevent formation of the FtsZ ring (1993)

Immunoelectron microscopy was used to assess the effects of inhibitors of cell division on formation of the FtsZ ring in Escherichia coli. Induction of the cell division inhibitor SulA, a component of the SOS response, or the inhibitor MinCD, a component of the min system, blocked formation of the FtsZ ring and led to filamentation. Reversal of SulA inhibition by blocking protein synthesis in SulA-induced filaments led to a resumption of FtsZ ring formation and division. These results suggested that these inhibitors block cell division by preventing FtsZ localization into the ring structure. In addition, analysis of min mutants demonstrated that FtsZ ring formation was also associated with minicell formation, indicating that all septation events in E. coli involve the FtsZ ring.
Detection of shifts in user interests for personalized information filtering (1996)

Article Free Access Share on Detection of shifts in user interests for personalized information filtering Authors: W. Lam Department of Management Sciences, S306 Pappajohn Building, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa Department of Management Sciences, S306 Pappajohn Building, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaView Profile , S. Mukhopadhyay Computer and Information Science, Purdue University School of Science at Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St. SL280, Indianapolis, IN Computer and Information Science, Purdue University School of Science at Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St. SL280, Indianapolis, INView Profile , J. Mostafa School of Library and Information Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN School of Library and Information Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, INView Profile , M. Palakal Computer and Information Science, Purdue University School of Science at Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St. SL280, Indianapolis, IN Computer and Information Science, Purdue University School of Science at Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St. SL280, Indianapolis, INView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGIR '96: Proceedings of the 19th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrievalAugust 1996 Pages 317–325https://doi.org/10.1145/243199.243279Published:18 August 1996Publication History 36citation915DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations36Total Downloads915Last 12 Months40Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Adoptive Immunotherapy With CMV-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes for Stem Cell Transplant Patients With Refractory CMV Infections (2012)

Adoptive immunotherapy with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) is an effective strategy for preventing and treating viral reactivation after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We have shown previously that CMV CTL can be generated in 1 to 2 weeks by stimulating donor lymphocytes with peptide mixes derived from full-length pp65 and IE1. We conducted a multi-institutional study of CMV-specific CTL for patients with persistent or anti-viral-resistant CMV infections after allogeneic SCT, to determine the safety, feasibility, and immunologic effects of this approach. We were successful in stimulating CTL from 10/10 donors with pooled CMV overlapping peptide mixes. Five of the 7 subjects who met infusion criteria had new onset CMV-specific CTL activity detected within 4 to 6 weeks after infusion. Of the 2 subjects who did not have immunologic responses after infusion, 1 received CTL with a low viability after thawing, and the other patient received cyclosporine A and systemic corticosteroids at the time of the infusion, achieving only a low, transient increase (10%) in pp65-specific activity. There was no graft-versus-host disease attributable to these infusions. These findings indicate that the infusion of CTL stimulated over 1 to 2 weeks with overlapping CMV peptides can result in virus-specific immune reconstitution in SCT recipients, without exacerbations of graft-versus-host disease.
The nucleic acid ligand. A new tool for molecular recognition (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe nucleic acid ligand. A new tool for molecular recognitionLinda B. McGown, Melissa J. Joseph, J. Bruce Pitner, Glenn P. vonk, and C. Preston LinnCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 21, 663A–668APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00117a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00117a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views509Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Redundancy Does Not Imply Fault Tolerance: Analysis of Distributed Storage Reactions to Single Errors and Corruptions. (2017)

We analyze how modern distributed storage systems behave in the presence of file-system faults such as data corruption and read and write errors. We characterize eight popular distributed storage systems and uncover numerous bugs related to file-system fault tolerance. We find that modern distributed systems do not consistently use redundancy to recover from file-system faults: a single file-system fault can cause catastrophic outcomes such as data loss, corruption, and unavailability. Our results have implications for the design of next generation fault-tolerant distributed and cloud storage systems.
Tumor induction by Agrobacterium rhizogenes involves the transfer of plasmid DNA to the plant genome (1982)

The DNA from tumors of Nicotiana glauca initiated by strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was shown to contain sequences that are homologous to the root-inducing (Ri) plasmid of the bacterium. Two independently established tumor lines contained a similar portion of the Ri-plasmid. The Ri-plasmid also hybridized to DNA fragments from uninfected N. glauca. A cosmid clone of the Ri-plasmid encompassing the region containing the Ri-plasmid sequences that are stably transferred to the plant also hybridized to the Ri-plasmid-related fragments found in uninfected plants. Five of six tumor lines tested produced a tumor-specific compound that is similar to agropine.