gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binding of Phenolic Compounds and Their Derivatives to Bovine and Reindeer β-Lactoglobulin (2008)

In plant-based food, phenolic compounds usually do not exist in their native form, but as esters, glycosides, or polymers. The native forms, however, require deglycosylation for their intestinal absorption, and aglycone has been considered to be the potential health-protecting/promoting form. The binding of the aglycones of phenolic compounds to bovine and reindeer beta-lactoglobulins (betaLG) using fluorescence quenching was studied. The effects of pH and storage were also studied. Of the compounds investigated, the majority of flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and isoflavones were bound to betaLG. In the pH studies, no significant effects were found. The fact that the phenolic compounds were not released at pH 2 might indicate that they bind to an external part rather than to the central cavity. Studies implicated that betaLG could act as a binder or carrier for phenolic compounds in acidic, basic, or neutral conditions and that the ligand/betaLG complex can remain stable during storage.
Impact of intravenous infusion time on AAV8 vector pharmacokinetics, safety, and liver transduction in cynomolgus macaques (2016)

Systemically delivered adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are now in early-phase clinical trials for a variety of diseases. While there is a general consensus on inclusion and exclusion criteria for each of these trials, the conditions under which vectors are infused vary significantly. In this study, we evaluated the impact of intravenous infusion rate of AAV8 vector in cynomolgus macaques on transgene expression, vector clearance from the circulation, and potential activation of the innate immune system. The dose of AAV8 vector in terms of genome copies per kilogram body weight and its concentration were fixed, while the rate of infusion varied to deliver the entire dose over different time periods, including 1, 10, or 90 minutes. Analyses during the in-life phase of the experiment included sequential evaluation of whole blood for vector genomes and appearance of proinflammatory cytokines. Liver tissues were analyzed at the time of necropsy for enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression and vector genomes. The data were remarkable with a relative absence of any statistically significant effect of infusion time on vector transduction, safety, and clearance. However, some interesting and unexpected trends did emerge.
Residue 627 of PB2 Is a Determinant of Cold Sensitivity in RNA Replication of Avian Influenza Viruses (2001)

Human influenza A viruses replicate in the upper respiratory tract at a temperature of about 33 degrees C, whereas avian viruses replicate in the intestinal tract at a temperature close to 41 degrees C. In the present study, we analyzed the influence of low temperature (33 degrees C) on RNA replication of avian and human viruses in cultured cells. The kinetics of replication of the NP segment were similar at 33 and 37 degrees C for the human A/Puerto-Rico/8/34 and A/Sydney/5/97 viruses, whereas replication was delayed at 33 degrees C compared to 37 degrees C for the avian A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/NY/6750/78 viruses. Making use of a genetic system for the in vivo reconstitution of functional ribonucleoproteins, we observed that the polymerase complexes derived from avian viruses but not human viruses exhibited cold sensitivity in mammalian cells, which was determined mostly by residue 627 of PB2. Our results suggest that a reduced ability of the polymerase complex of avian viruses to ensure replication of the viral genome at 33 degrees C could contribute to their inability to grow efficiently in humans.
Flexible polling-based scheduling with QoS capability for Wireless Body Sensor Network (2012)

A flexible polling-based access scheme with QoS capability for Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) is proposed in this paper. The proposed access scheme uses the polling technique in a flexible way, switching the regular operation mode to the urgent operation mode when the nodes need more data acquisition in an emergency situation. The proposed communication protocol is simple, giving the sink node majority of controls and leaving the nodes with only the function of packet transmission, thus saving energy. The performance of the proposed scheme is studied using mathematical models known in the literature for the regular operation mode. In the case of urgent operation mode which works with priority scheme, the mathematical model known in the literature is modified to introduce the walk time in the formula. The numerical analyses show that the proposed scheme can be efficient for WBSN application.
Binding sites of attachment-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies and antibodies from patients on peptide fragments of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae adhesin (1989)

The adherence protein (P1 protein) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was purified by electroelution and cleaved with cyanogen bromide. The resulting peptides were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Spots reacting in Western immunoblots with two attachment-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies were isolated, and the amino-terminal ends of these peptides were microsequenced. The two monoclonal antibodies had different binding sites. One was associated with the amino-terminal region of the whole P1 protein beginning at amino acid position 237, and the other was associated with amino acid position 702, which was localized approximately in the middle of the P1 amino acid sequence. Serum samples from three M. pneumoniae-infected patients were tested by Western blotting against the cyanogen bromide peptide pattern. All three serum samples reacted with peptide fragments beginning at amino acid position 702, but the serum of only one patient also had antibodies against the oligopeptides beginning at amino acid position 237. These results indicate that the corresponding epitopes of the P1 protein are also immunogenic if they are presented at the surface of the infecting organism.
Bovine Serum Albumin Adsorption onto Colloidal Al2O3 Particles:  A New Model Based on Zeta Potential and UV−Vis Measurements (2004)

We investigated the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on colloidal Al2O3 particles in an aqueous environment. Changes in the zeta potential of the Al2O3 particles upon the adsorption of BSA were measured using an electro-acoustic technique. The mass of protein adsorbed was determined by using UV-vis spectroscopy. The change of the isoelectric point of the Al2O3 powder-protein suspension was found to be a function of adsorbed protein mass. It was shown that approximately one monolayer of BSA was needed to fully mask the surface and to compromise the charge of Al2O3. From titration experiments it follows that about 30-36% of the negatively charged groups of the protein form bonds with the protonated and charged Al2O3 surface. On the basis of our observations we introduced a new adsorption model for BSA on Al2O3 particles.
Glycerol conversion to 1,3-propanediol by Clostridium pasteurianum: cloning and expression of the gene encoding 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (1997)

When grown on glycerol as sole carbon and energy source, cell extracts of Clostridium pasteurianum exhibited activities of glycerol dehydrogenase, dihydroxyacetone kinase, glycerol dehydratase and 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase. The genes encoding the latter two enzymes were cloned by colony hybridization using the dhaT gene of Citrobacter freundii as a heterologous DNA probe and expressed in Escherichia coli. The native molecular mass of 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (DhaT) is 440 000 Da. The dhaT gene of C. pasteurianum was subcloned and its nucleotide sequence (1158 bp) was determined. The deduced gene product (41 776 Da) revealed high similarity to DhaT of C. freundii (80.5% identity; 89.8% similarity).
Immunomodulation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2008)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stromal cells that have the potential to give rise to cells of diverse lineages. Interestingly, MSCs can be found in virtually all postnatal tissues. The main criteria currently used to characterize and identify these cells are the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into tissues of mesodermal origin, combined with a lack in expression of certain hematopoietic molecules. Because of their developmental plasticity, the notion of MSC-based therapeutic intervention has become an emerging strategy for the replacement of injured tissues. MSCs have also been noted to possess the ability to impart profound immunomodulatory effects in vivo. Indeed, some of the initial observations regarding MSC protection from tissue injury once thought mediated by tissue regeneration may, in reality, result from immunomodulation. Whereas the exact mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory functions of MSC remain largely unknown, these cells have been exploited in a variety of clinical trials aimed at reducing the burden of immune-mediated disease. This article focuses on recent advances that have broadened our understanding of the immunomodulatory properties of MSC and provides insight as to their potential for clinical use as a cell-based therapy for immune-mediated disorders and, in particular, type 1 diabetes.
Android Developer Tools Essentials: Android Studio to Zipalign (2013)

Android development can be challenging, but through the effective use of Android Developer Tools (ADT), you can make the process easier and improve the quality of your code. This concise guide demonstrates how to build apps with ADT for a device family that features several screen sizes, different hardware capabilities, and a varying number of resources. With examples in Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, youll learn how to set up an Android development environment and use ADT with the Eclipse IDE. Also, contributor Donn Felker introduces Android Studio, a Google IDE that will eventually replace Eclipse.Learn how to use Eclipse and ADT together to develop Android code Create emulators of various sizes and configurations to test your code Master Eclipse tools, or explore the new Android Studio Use Logcat, Lint, and other ADT tools to test and debug your code Simulate real-world events, including location, sensors, and telephony Create dynamic and efficient UIs, using Graphical Layout tools Monitor and optimize you application performance using DDMS, HierarchyViewer, and the Android Monitor tool Use Wizards and shortcuts to generate code and image assets Compile and package Android code with Ant and Gradle
Tethered-function analysis reveals that eIF4E can recruit ribosomes independent of its binding to the cap structure (2001)

The cap-binding complex elF4F is involved in ribosome recruitment during the initiation phase of translation and is composed of three subunits: elF4E, -4G, and -4A. The m7GpppN cap-binding subunit eIF4E binds the N-terminal region of eIF4G, which in turn contacts eIF4A through its central and C-terminal regions. We have previously shown, through a tethered-function approach in transfected HeLa cells, that the binding of eIF4G to an mRNA is sufficient to drive productive translation (De Gregorio et al., EMBO J, 1999, 18:4865-4874). Here we exploit this approach to assess which of the other subunits of elF4F can exert this function. eIF4AI or mutant forms of eIF4E were fused to the RNA-binding domain of the lambda phage antiterminator protein N to generate the chimeric proteins lambda4A, lambda4E-102 (abolished cap binding), and lambda4E-73-102 (impaired binding to both, the cap and eIF4G). The fusion proteins were directed to a bicistronic reporter mRNA by means of interaction with a specific lambda-N binding site (boxB) in the intercistronic space. We show that lambda4E-102, but neither the double mutant lambda4E-73-102 nor lambda4A, suffices to promote translation of the downstream gene in this assay. Coimmunoprecipitation analyses confirmed that all lambda-fusion proteins are capable of interacting with the appropriate endogenous eIF4F subunits. These results reveal that eIF4E, as well as eIF4G, can drive ribosome recruitment independent of a physical link to the cap structure. In spite of its interaction with endogenous eIF4G, lambda4A does not display this property. eIF4A thus appears to supply an essential auxiliary function to eIF4F that may require its ability to cycle into and out of this complex.
Space-time scheduling of instruction-level parallelism on a raw machine (1998)

Increasing demand for both greater parallelism and faster clocks dictate that future generation architectures will need to decentralize their resources and eliminate primitives that require single cycle global communication. A Raw microprocessor distributes all of its resources, including instruction streams, register files, memory ports, and ALUs, over a pipelined two-dimensional mesh interconnect, and exposes them fully to the compiler. Because communication in Raw machines is distributed, compiling for instruction-level parallelism (ILP) requires both spatial instruction partitioning as well as traditional temporal instruction scheduling. In addition, the compiler must explicitly manage all communication through the interconnect, including the global synchronization required at branch points. This paper describes RAWCC, the compiler we have developed for compiling general-purpose sequential programs to the distributed Raw architecture. We present performance results that demonstrate that although Raw machines provide no mechanisms for global communication the Raw compiler can schedule to achieve speedups that scale with the number of available functional units.
A prototype Spatial Data Management System (1980)

Spatial Data Management is a technique for organizing and retrieving information by positioning it in a spatial framework. Data is accessed in a Spatial Data Management System (SDMS) via pictorial representations which are arranged in space and viewed through a computer graphics system. These pictures can be created by an interactive graphical editor, allowing an SDMS to serve as a personal repository of diagrams, text, and photographs. Pictograms can also be generated from data in a symbolic database management system, allowing SDMS to be used as an interface to large, shared databases.
Scheduling and IPC mechanisms for continuous media (1991)

Next-generation workstations will have hardware support for digital "continuous media" (CM) such as audio and video. CM applications handle data at high rates, with strict timing requirements, and often in small "chunks". If such applications are to run efficiently and predictably as user-level programs, an operating system must provide scheduling and IPC mechanisms that reflect these needs. We propose two such mechanisms: split-level CPU scheduling of lightweight processes in multiple address spaces, and memory-mapped streams for data movement between address spaces. These techniques reduce the the number of user/kernel interactions (system calls, signals, and preemptions). Compared with existing mechanisms, they can reduce scheduling and I/O overhead by a factor of 4 to 6.
DILEMA PENGANGGURAN : SALAH SATU STRATEGI ALTERNATIF JALAN KELUARNYA ( DESKRIPSI ANGKA PENGANGGURAN KOTA MALANG ) (2006)

sebagai keadaan yang mengejala dan selalu dihadapi oleh semua negara terutama negara sedang berkembang adalah masalah pengangguran. Pengangguran sebagai kondisi yang harus kita hadapi bagi setiap bangsa. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya pengangguran diantaranya karena rendahnya SDM yang ada, kesenjangan antara jumlah permintaan dan penawaran tenaga kerja. Keadaan ini terutama dialami oleh sebagian besar kota-kota besar di Indonesia tidak terkecuali di Kota Malang. Dikota terbesar nomor 3 di Indonesia ini juga terdapat angka pengangguran yang cukup seerius. Terutama pada komposisi pendidikan SLTA dan pendidikan tinggi. Berbagai kebijakan bisa ditempuh guna mengatasi pengangguran yaitu (1) Reformasi dibidang pelatihan dan peningkatan relevansi pelatihan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasar kerja, peningkatan kualitas pelatihan dan peningkatan efisiensi pelatihan, (2) Pemanfaatan dan kerjasama program wirausaha baru bagi mahasiswa tingkat akhir dengan melibatkan instansi / perusahaan yang memerlukan dengan didahului identifikasi kebutuhan steakholders.
Monosaccharide and oligosaccharide analysis of proteins transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. (1993)

We have developed an intermediate method toward the complete carbohydrate analysis of proteins, which should be universally applicable to all proteins and independent of sample matrix. Using only Coomassie Blue-stained proteins which have been electroblotted onto polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, we report a strategy for: (i) determining unequivocally whether a protein is glycosylated; (ii) obtaining a complete monosaccharide composition; (iii) oligosaccharide mapping which separates most forms according to size, charge and isomerity; and (iv) sequentially releasing and analyzing specific classes of oligosaccharides with endoglycosidases. The method was shown to be applicable to a variety of well characterized soluble glycoproteins and to the membrane-bound protein, the gastric H+, K(+)-ATPase. The monosaccharide composition of the H+,K(+)-ATPase revealed the absence of N-acetylneuraminic or N-glycolylneuraminic acids and a monosaccharide composition which indicated O-linked sugar chains. Oligomannosidic/hybrid and biantennary oligosaccharides were sequentially released and analyzed from one electroblotted band of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator using endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F2, respectively. Sialylated polylactosamine structures were identified and quantified by analyzing high performance liquid chromatography profiles of oligosaccharides first released by peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase and then treated with endo-beta-galactosidase, using a single, stained band of recombinant erythropoietin. This recombinant erythropoietin was found to contain eight times more tetrasialylated oligosaccharides than previously reported (Sasaki, H., Bothner, B., Dell, A., and Fukuda, M. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 12059-12076); 47% of released oligosaccharides were identified as polylactosamine structures.
The Drosophila hedgehog gene is expressed specifically in posterior compartment cells and is a target of engrailed regulation. (1992)

cDNAs were isolated that represent transcripts of the Drosophila segment polarity gene, hedgehog (hh). Sequence analysis reveals a motif characteristic of a transmembrane domain, suggesting that the hh protein is membrane-associated. hh expression in epidermal cells is confined to the posterior compartments and coincides precisely with that of engrailed (en). Despite the similar patterns of expression in the cellular blastoderm, hh expression is independent of en, but hh expression becomes sensitive to and dependent on en during the extended germ band stage. The ectopic expression of hh that is normally induced in patched (ptc) mutant embryos does not appear in ptc en double mutants. We discuss these findings in terms of the relationship between en and hh, and the role of the hh function.
A water-soluble tetrazolium salt useful for colorimetric cell viability assay (1999)

The application of a tetrazolium salt, 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST-8), to cell viability assays and in vitro drug sensitivity tests is described. With a higher sensitivity as a chromogenic indicator for cell viability compared with conventional tetrazolium salts, WST-8 produced results of cell viability and IC50 values that were in good agreement, respectively, with the MTT method and [3H]thymidine uptake method.
Preparation of Highly Functionalized Heterocyclic Zinc Organometallics via a Li(acac)-Catalysis of the I/Zn-Exchange Reaction (2005)

The reaction of i-Pr2Zn in the presence of catalytic amount of Li(acac) in NMP with various functionalized hetero­cyclic iodides provides new polyfunctional diheteroarylzincs, which undergo smooth Negishi cross-coupling reactions and CuCN·2LiCl-catalyzed allylation reactions under mild conditions. Remarkably, even an aldehyde function can be present in the di­organozinc reagents.
Detection of mosaicism for primary trisomies in prenatal samples by QF-PCR and karyotype analysis (2005)

QF-PCR can detect mosaicism when the abnormal cell line contributes at least 15% of the whole sample. Use of both karyotype and QF-PCR analysis leads to the detection of more cases of mosaicism than either test alone.
A multiagent system using associate rule mining (ARM), a Collaborative filtering approach (2010)

Agent Oriented Programming (AOP) is a recent promising software paradigm that brings concepts from the theories of artificial intelligence into the mainstream realm of distributed systems, and yet it is rather difficult to find a successful application of agent oriented system (specifically) when large-scale systems are considered. When adopting an agent-oriented approach to solve a problem, there are a number of domain independent issues that must always be solved, such as how to model agent behavior to predict future action and how to allow agents to communicate rather than expecting developers to develop this core infrastructure themselves. In our paper, we address several problems that exist in a socialized e-learning environment and provide solutions to these problems through smart and collaborative agent behavior modeling which learn and adapt themselves through prior experiences, thereby assisting in successful implementation of this large scale e-learning system. In this paper, the author (s) proposes an implementation of a complete distributed e-learning system based on Collaborative filtering (CF) method. The system has intelligent collaborative filtering based tutoring system (ICFTS) capabilities that allow contents, presentation and navigation to be adapted according to the learner's requirements. In order to achieve that development, two concepts were put together: multi-agent systems and data mining techniques (specifically, the ARM algorithm). All the implementation code is developed using MATLAB GUI environment. To our best knowledge, very few literatures discusses a portion of e-learning environment using adaptive software agents, but none of the current literatures addresses a complete implementation of their learning system in detail. The goal of the paper is to implement one such multi-agent based e-learning system which learns from its prior user experiences on top of an agent-oriented middleware that provides the domain-independent infrastructure, allowing the developers to focus on building the key logic behind it. In this system, the agents follow an adaptive cognitive learning approach, where the agent learns through user behaviors via a collaborative filtering technique, or experiencing and then processing and remembering the information in an e-learning environment. The paper will utilize agent (a piece of code) based environment in our e-learning system using ARM [1][2]. The paper follows a learning approach based cognitive domain of Bloom's Taxonomy such as Analyze, Evaluate, Create, Apply, understand and remember.