gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The smart floor (2000)

We have created a system for identifying people based on their footstep force profiles and have tested its accuracy against a large pool of footstep data. This floor system may be used to identify users transparently in their everyday living and working environments. We have created user footstep models based on footstep profile features and have been able to achieve a recognition rate of 93%. We have also shown that the effect of footwear is negligible on recognition accuracy.
Multiple Statistical Analysis Techniques Corroborate Intratumor Heterogeneity in Imaging Mass Spectrometry Datasets of Myxofibrosarcoma (2011)

MALDI mass spectrometry can generate profiles that contain hundreds of biomolecular ions directly from tissue. Spatially-correlated analysis, MALDI imaging MS, can simultaneously reveal how each of these biomolecular ions varies in clinical tissue samples. The use of statistical data analysis tools to identify regions containing correlated mass spectrometry profiles is referred to as imaging MS-based molecular histology because of its ability to annotate tissues solely on the basis of the imaging MS data. Several reports have indicated that imaging MS-based molecular histology may be able to complement established histological and histochemical techniques by distinguishing between pathologies with overlapping/identical morphologies and revealing biomolecular intratumor heterogeneity. A data analysis pipeline that identifies regions of imaging MS datasets with correlated mass spectrometry profiles could lead to the development of novel methods for improved diagnosis (differentiating subgroups within distinct histological groups) and annotating the spatio-chemical makeup of tumors. Here it is demonstrated that highlighting the regions within imaging MS datasets whose mass spectrometry profiles were found to be correlated by five independent multivariate methods provides a consistently accurate summary of the spatio-chemical heterogeneity. The corroboration provided by using multiple multivariate methods, efficiently applied in an automated routine, provides assurance that the identified regions are indeed characterized by distinct mass spectrometry profiles, a crucial requirement for its development as a complementary histological tool. When simultaneously applied to imaging MS datasets from multiple patient samples of intermediate-grade myxofibrosarcoma, a heterogeneous soft tissue sarcoma, nodules with mass spectrometry profiles found to be distinct by five different multivariate methods were detected within morphologically identical regions of all patient tissue samples. To aid the further development of imaging MS based molecular histology as a complementary histological tool the Matlab code of the agreement analysis, instructions and a reduced dataset are included as supporting information.
Hepatorenal Syndrome (2006)

In the late 19th century, reports by Frerichs (1861) and Flint (1863) noted an association among advanced liver disease, ascites, and oliguric renal failure in the absence of significant renal histologic changes (1). Almost 100 yr later, in a seminal article by Hecker and Sherlock (2), the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) was unraveled. The authors demonstrated the lack of major renal histologic changes despite the severity of kidney failure, linked the deterioration in renal function to impairment of the systemic circulation, and concluded that the underlying mechanism of kidney failure is peripheral arterial vasodilation. On the basis of this hypothesis, their patients were treated with norepinephrine with dramatic but short-lived improvement in urine volume and without a significant change in serum creatinine or urea concentrations. The functional nature of HRS was confirmed further by the ability to transplant kidneys from patients with HRS and the normalization of renal function after liver transplantation (3,4). Subsequent studies by Epstein et al. (5) demonstrated without doubt that splanchnic and systemic vasodilation together with intense renal vasoconstriction is the pathophysiologic hallmark of HRS. However, despite improved understanding, the prognosis of HRS remained poor, and in the 1970s, the term “terminal functional renal failure” was synonymous with HRS (6). During the last 2 decades, knowledge of the pathogenesis and management of HRS has improved greatly. The present article provides an update on these recent developments.

HRS is a reversible functional renal impairment that occurs in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis or those with fulminant hepatic failure. It is characterized by marked reduction in GFR and renal plasma flow (RPF) in the absence of other cause of renal failure. The hallmark of HRS is intense renal vasoconstriction with predominant peripheral arterial vasodilation. Tubular function is preserved with the absence of proteinuria or histologic …
Eroded monomode optical fiber for whispering-gallery mode excitation in fused-silica microspheres (1995)

We demonstrate the efficient excitation of high-Q whispering-gallery modes in near-spherical fused-silica microparticles in the size range 60-450 microm by the use of an eroded monomode optical fiber. When the sphere is placed in the evanescent field of the guided fiber mode, light is resonantly coupled from the fiber into the microparticle. We report a broadening of resonance modes and a shift of the resonance central frequency as the coupling strength is increased by reduction of the gap between the sphere and the fiber.
Kernel PCA and De-Noising in Feature Spaces (1998)

Kernel PCA as a nonlinear feature extractor has proven powerful as a preprocessing step for classification algorithms. But it can also be considered as a natural generalization of linear principal component analysis. This gives rise to the question how to use nonlinear features for data compression, reconstruction, and de-noising, applications common in linear PCA. This is a nontrivial task, as the results provided by kernel PCA live in some high dimensional feature space and need not have pre-images in input space. This work presents ideas for finding approximate pre-images, focusing on Gaussian kernels, and shows experimental results using these pre-images in data reconstruction and de-noising on toy examples as well as on real world data. 1 PCA and Feature Spaces Principal Component Analysis (PCA) (e.g. [3]) is an orthogonal basis transformation. The new basis is found by diagonalizing the centered covariance matrix of a data £¢¥¤§¦©¨��� � �����������������
Interpretation of phenotype in genetically engineered mice. (1999)

There is little gene redundancy in mammals; knockout phenotypes exist even if none are immediately apparent; and investigating phenotypes in colonies of mixed genetic background may reveal not only more phenotypes, but also may lead to better understanding of the molecular or cellular mechanism underlying the phenotype and to discovery of modifier gene(s).
The Hypolipidemic Activity of Metal Complexes of AmineCarboxyboranes in Rodents (1993)

The metal complexes of amine-carboxyborane including copper, chromium, zinc, calcium amd cobalt were effective hypolipidemic agents lowering both serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly in mice at 8 mg/kg/day, I.P. after 16 days. The agents reduced acetyl CoA synthetase, ATP-dependent citrate lyase, acyl CoA cholesterol acyl transferase, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase activities of rat liver and small intestinal mucosa after 14 days treatment. The neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase activity was elevated by the agents in both tissues. The metal complexes altered lipid levels in the bile of rats after treatment as well as the bile acid composition after 14 days administration, orally. The agents blocked enterohepatic absorption of cholesterol from rat isolated intestinal loops.
Oral Treatment Targeting the Unfolded Protein Response Prevents Neurodegeneration and Clinical Disease in Prion-Infected Mice (2013)

During prion disease, an increase in misfolded prion protein (PrP) generated by prion replication leads to sustained overactivation of the branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that controls the initiation of protein synthesis. This results in persistent repression of translation, resulting in the loss of critical proteins that leads to synaptic failure and neuronal death. We have previously reported that localized genetic manipulation of this pathway rescues shutdown of translation and prevents neurodegeneration in a mouse model of prion disease, suggesting that pharmacological inhibition of this pathway might be of therapeutic benefit. We show that oral treatment with a specific inhibitor of the kinase PERK (protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase), a key mediator of this UPR pathway, prevented UPR-mediated translational repression and abrogated development of clinical prion disease in mice, with neuroprotection observed throughout the mouse brain. This was the case for animals treated both at the preclinical stage and also later in disease when behavioral signs had emerged. Critically, the compound acts downstream and independently of the primary pathogenic process of prion replication and is effective despite continuing accumulation of misfolded PrP. These data suggest that PERK, and other members of this pathway, may be new therapeutic targets for developing drugs against prion disease or other neurodegenerative diseases where the UPR has been implicated.
Spontaneous Insertion of DNA Oligonucleotides into Carbon Nanotubes (2003)

We report molecular dynamics simulations showing that a DNA molecule could be spontaneously inserted into carbon nanotube (CNT) in a water solute environment. The van der Waals and hydrophobic forces were found to be important for the insertion process, with the former playing a more dominant role in the DNA−CNT interaction. Our study suggests that the encapsulated CNT−DNA molecular complex can be further exploited for applications such as DNA modulated molecular electronics, molecular sensors, electronic DNA sequencing, and nanotechnology of gene delivery systems.
Selective IL-2 Responsiveness of Regulatory T Cells Through Multiple Intrinsic Mechanisms Supports the Use of Low-Dose IL-2 Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes (2015)

Low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibited unwanted immune responses in several clinical settings and is currently being tested in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Low-dose IL-2 selectively targets regulatory T cells (Tregs), but the mechanisms underlying this selectivity are poorly understood. We show that IL-2-dependent STAT5 activation in Tregs from healthy individuals and patients with T1D occurred at an ∼10-fold lower concentration of IL-2 than that required by T memory (TM) cells or by in vitro-activated T cells. This selective Treg responsiveness is explained by their higher expression of IL-2 receptor subunit α (IL-2Rα) and γ chain and also endogenous serine/threonine phosphatase protein phosphates 1 and/or 2A activity. Genome-wide profiling identified an IL-2-dependent transcriptome in human Tregs. Quantitative assessment of selected targets indicated that most were optimally activated by a 100-fold lower concentration of IL-2 in Tregs versus CD4(+) TM cells. Two such targets were selectively increased in Tregs from T1D patients undergoing low-dose IL-2 therapy. Thus, human Tregs possess an IL-2-dependent transcriptional amplification mechanism that widens their selective responses to low IL-2. Our findings support a model where low-dose IL-2 selectively activates Tregs to broadly induce their IL-2/IL-2R gene program and provide a molecular underpinning for low-dose IL-2 therapy to enhance Tregs for immune tolerance in T1D.
Characterization of a Novel Subtype of Human G Protein-coupled Receptor for Lysophosphatidic Acid (1998)

The recent identification of the Vzg-1/Edg2 protein as a functional G protein-coupled receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has allowed a sequence-based search for new genes that may encode novel subtypes of LPA receptors. A human cDNA encoding a G protein-coupled receptor, designated Edg4, was identified by searching the GenBankTM for homologs of the human Edg2 LPA receptor. The Edg4 protein is 46% identical and 72% similar in amino acid sequence to human Edg2. When overexpressed in Jurkat T cells, the Edg4 protein mediated LPA-induced activation of a serum response element reporter gene with LPA concentration dependence (EC50 of 10 nM) and specificity. This LPA-induced reporter gene activation could be partially inhibited by pretreatment with pertussis toxin or C3 exoenzyme, suggesting requirements for both a Gi protein and Rho GTPase. Overexpression of Edg4 in Jurkat cells also led to increases in specific binding sites for [3H]LPA. Northern blots revealed that two edg4 mRNA transcripts of 1.8 and 8 kilobases are distributed very differently from edg2 mRNAs in adult human tissues and several cancer cell lines. The existence and distinctive tissue expression of structurally different subtypes of LPA receptors may provide one basis for tissue-specific functions and permit independent regulation of each subtype of LPA receptor.
Profile-based subscriber service provisioning (2003)

Provisioning of residential voice and data subscriber services is a repetitive task and at the same time constitutes a key differentiation area for service providers. This paper presents an approach to subscriber service provisioning that is built around a concept of service and provision profiles. They allow services to be described in a network-independent manner and at the same time provide a formal method to define and derive the necessary network provisioning steps. Because they are machine interpretable, they can be leveraged to build provisioning systems that automate the subscriber provisioning process and are very easy to customize.
Factorization meets the neighborhood (2008)

Recommender systems provide users with personalized suggestions for products or services. These systems often rely on Collaborating Filtering (CF), where past transactions are analyzed in order to establish connections between users and products. The two more successful approaches to CF are latent factor models, which directly profile both users and products, and neighborhood models, which analyze similarities between products or users. In this work we introduce some innovations to both approaches. The factor and neighborhood models can now be smoothly merged, thereby building a more accurate combined model. Further accuracy improvements are achieved by extending the models to exploit both explicit and implicit feedback by the users. The methods are tested on the Netflix data. Results are better than those previously published on that dataset. In addition, we suggest a new evaluation metric, which highlights the differences among methods, based on their performance at a top-K recommendation task.
Gender bias in nursing care? Gender‐related differences in patient satisfaction with the quality of nursing care (2002)

Gender-related differences in experience with nursing care, was studied using data from a Norwegian survey of patient-satisfaction. The survey included 1469 male and 1226 female patients. Results showed that young female patients were less content with all aspects of nursing care when compared with young male patients. Female patients experienced, quite contrary to their male counterparts, that the nursing staff was less committed and caring, has less time and was less skilled. The young women were also less content with what they felt was a lack of opportunity to provide the staff with information they believed to be important to their condition or ailment. Analysis also revealed that female patients, compared with their male counterparts, indicated a higher score on the subjective importance of the different aspects of care. These findings are discussed on the basis of gender-related research in general. The finding of lower satisfaction amongst younger female patients could be ascribed to the power-balance between nursing staff and patients. The discussion shows, however, that there are a number of possible interpretations as to why female patients are less content with nursing care compared with male patients. As the reasons for the findings may be derived from several sources it becomes evident that there is a need for further research using alternative approaches.
WWW electronic commerce and java trojan horses (1996)

World Wide Web electronic commerce applications often require consumers to enter private information (such as credit card numbers) into forms in the browser window. If third parties can insert trojan horse applications onto a consumer&amp;apos;s machine, they can monitor keyboard strokes and steal private information. This paper outlines a simple way to accomplish this using Java or similar remote execution facilities. We implemented a simple version of this attack. We give a general method, window personalization, that can thwart or prevent this attack. 1 Introduction Computer security experts have long recognized the threat of trojan horse programs [6, 15, 13]: programs that appear to perform one function while actually performing a second, unwanted function. A particular concern arises from the presentation of an interface to a user or consumer. Since human users identify applications by their interface, a human user may be unable to distinguish a legitimate program from a rogue program&amp;apos;s ...
Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer in 110 Patients With Cirrhosis (2000)

In patients with cirrhosis and HCC, RFA produces effective local control of disease in a significant proportion of patients and can be performed safely with minimal complications.
The Heme-Oxygenase Family Required for Phytochrome Chromophore Biosynthesis Is Necessary for Proper Photomorphogenesis in Higher Plants (2001)

The committed step in the biosynthesis of the phytochrome chromophore phytochromobilin involves the oxidative cleavage of heme by a heme oxygenase (HO) to form biliverdin IXalpha. Through positional cloning of the photomorphogenic mutant hy1, the Arabidopsis HO (designated AtHO1) responsible for much of phytochromobilin synthesis recently was identified. Using the AtHO1 sequence, we identified families of HO genes in a number of plants that cluster into two subfamilies (HO1- and HO2-like). The tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) yg-2 and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia pew1 photomorphogenic mutants are defective in specific HO genes. Phenotypic analysis of a T-DNA insertion mutant of Arabidopsis HO2 revealed that the second HO subfamily also contributes to phytochromobilin synthesis. Homozygous ho2-1 plants show decreased chlorophyll accumulation, reduced growth rate, accelerated flowering time, and reduced de-etiolation. A mixture of apo- and holo-phyA was detected in etiolated ho2-1 seedlings, suggesting that phytochromobilin is limiting in this mutant, even in the presence of functional AtHO1. The patterns of Arabidopsis HO1 and HO2 expression suggest that the products of both genes overlap temporally and spatially. Taken together, the family of HOs is important for phytochrome-mediated development in a number of plants and that each family member may uniquely contribute to the phytochromobilin pool needed to assemble holo-phytochromes.
Plasmodium falciparum subtilisin-like protease 1: discovery of potent difluorostatone-based inhibitors (2015)

We here describe the development of potent inhibitors of the malaria parasite enzyme subtilisin-like protease 1 (PfSUB1).
Field-Desorption Microscopy Study of the Deformation of a Tungsten Tip Subjected to Thermal Treatment in an Electric Field (2005)

Deformation of a tungsten tip 500 to 1000 nm in radius subjected to heating in an electric field is studied using field-emission microscopy and continuous-mode field-desorption microscopy. Measurements are performed immediately after the thermal field treatment without any smoothing of the tip by either heating or field evaporation. The edges of the tip (which is shaped into a polyhedron) are found to consist of monatomic steps about 1 nm wide and about 100 nm long. Microscopic protrusions about 10 nm in size are shaped like pyramids or wedges with single-atom apexes or monatomic edges and facets that are a continuation of the facets of the reconstructed tip or an outgrowth on which the protrusions are situated. The outgrowths are shaped like stepped truncated pyramids with monatomic edges. The observed phenomena are explained in terms of competing processes of surface diffusion, crystal growth in an electric field, and field evaporation.
Mechanism of silicon exfoliation induced by hydrogen/helium co-implantation (1998)

Infrared spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry are used to elucidate the mechanism by which co-implantation of He with H facilitates the shearing of crystalline Si. By studying different implant conditions, we can separate the relative contributions of damage, internal pressure generation, and chemical passivation to the enhanced exfoliation process. We find that the He acts physically as a source of internal pressure but also in an indirect chemical sense, leading to the reconversion of molecular H2 to bound Si–H in “VH2-like” defects. We postulate that it is the formation of these hydrogenated defects at the advancing front of the expanding microcavities that enhances the exfoliation process.
Using Programmable Logic to Accelerate DSP Functions (1995)

Programmable logic offers an alternative solution for the computationally-intensive functions found in Digital Signal Processing (DSP). Programmable logic can provide increased DSP system performance at reduced system cost. Programmable logic combines the flexibility of a general-purpose DSP plus the speed, density, and low cost of an ASIC implementation. In some applications, programmable logic replaces the DSP processor entirely. In others, programmable logic works in conjunction with the DSP processor, offloading the computationally-intensive function and freeing the processor for other functions.
Rapid Deacylation by Isoleucyl Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Synthetase of Isoleucine-specific Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Aminoacylated with Valine (1972)

Abstract The mischarged species Val-tRNAile and Phe-tRNAile (both Escherichia coli B) were enzymatically synthesized in a heterologous aminoacylation system under special reaction conditions. When mixed with isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase in the absence of AMP or PPi, Val-tRNAile is very rapidly deacylated at pH 7, 5 mm Mg2+, 15°. On the other hand, isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase does not deacylate Phe-tRNAile. Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase can form valyl adenylate (Val-AMP) from valine and ATP, but the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase-bound Val-AMP is rapidly hydrolyzed when confronted with tRNAile (Baldwin, A. N., and Berg, P. (1966) J. Biol. Chem. 241, 839). Since Val-tRNAile is rapidly and specifically deacylated by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, it is reasonable to speculate that Val-tRNAile is a transient intermediate in the tRNAile-induced hydrolysis of Val-AMP. This possibility was tested further by kinetic studies of the Val-tRNAile deacylation and the tRNAile-induced hydrolysis of Val-AMP.