gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunolocalization of fibronectin and laminin within rat blastocysts cultured under serum-free conditions (1991)

Blastocysts (approximately 50 per female) were collected on Day 5 of gestation from immature Sprague-Dawley rats superovulated using FSH/hCG-loaded mini-osmotic pumps and a single injection of the LHRH analogue, des-gly10 (D-ala6)-LHRH-ethylamide. The cytoplasmic distribution of fibronectin and laminin was determined by immunofluorescence within these blastocysts, either immediately following their isolation or after they had been cultured in serum-free medium for 48-96 h (to allow trophectodermal cell attachment and outgrowth). In addition, inner cell masses (ICMs; isolated by immunosurgery) were cultured under serum-free conditions and immunofluorescently stained for the presence of the two adhesive glycoproteins. Within the freshly isolated blastocysts, positive immunostaining was obtained only for fibronectin and this was associated with the trophectodermal layer. After 48-96 h of culture, the cytoplasm of all trophectodermal cells contained both fibronectin (organized as a slightly granular network) and laminin (the staining pattern was distinctly punctate and perinuclear concentrations of immunoreactivity were evident). ICM-cells stained intensely for the presence of laminin at 48, 72 and 96 h of culture, but appeared to contain little to no fibronectin. While further studies using serum-free culture are needed to define the hormonal regulation of this process, these findings support a role for early gestation rat trophectodermal cells, in addition to the established involvement of ICM-derived parietal endodermal cells, in the synthesis of extracellular matrix components found in Reichert's membrane. The appearance of trophectoderm-associated fibronectin in freshly isolated blastocysts before the establishment of the parietal endoderm layer may implicate this glycoprotein in the provision of a substrate for the migration of these cells as they form an endodermal lining to the blastocoele.
Performance evaluation of channel estimation techniques for a mobile fourth generation wide area OFDM system (2003)

In this paper channel estimation techniques for a mobile fourth generation coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system are proposed. Coherent detection dictates that a per-subband estimate of the frequency response of the channel is generated for each OFDM symbol. This is achieved by inserting pilot symbols amongst the data symbols in the OFDM modulation grid. With suitable interpolation, the channel estimate at all intermediate symbols can be generated. A number of channel estimation methods with different pilot patterns and interpolation methods are examined for a range of UTRA specified channel environments. Each environment is shown to have an optimal pilot scheme, power level, pattern and density and the paper proposes the use of adaptive pilot processing.
Detection of an L-selectin ligand on a hematopoietic progenitor cell line (1994)

L-selectin, the peripheral lymph node “homing receptor,” is an adhesion protein that mediates lymphocyte binding to lymph node high endothelial venules. Ligands for this protein have been identified only on endothelial cells, and recent murine studies indicate that CD34 on endothelial cells is an L-selectin ligand. To investigate whether CD34 expressed on hematopoietic cells functions as an L-selectin ligand, we used an in vitro binding assay to examine lymphocyte adherence to KG1a, a CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitor cell line. We observed specific L-selectin-mediated adherence of lymphocytes to KG1a: the binding was calcium-dependent, was strictly inhibited by anti-L-selectin antibodies and by carbohydrate ligands of L-selectin, and was abrogated by induction of L-selectin shedding from the lymphocyte membrane by treatment with phorbol esters. However, blocking studies using anti- CD34 antibodies, and experiments using KG1a cells sorted for CD34 expression and COS-7 cells transfected with full-length CD34 cDNA indicate that the ligand on KG1a is not CD34; moreover, RPMI 8402, a CD34+ cell line, does not support lymphocyte adherence in the binding assay. Treatment of KG1a with the enzymes neuraminidase, chymotrypsin, and bromelain abrogated lymphocyte binding to the cells, indicating that the ligand is a glycoprotein. These experiments show that CD34 on hematopoietic cells is not an L-selectin ligand and provide the first evidence of a ligand for L-selectin present on a non-endothelial cell.
Experience with danazol in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. (1989)

Danazol, a known effective agent for the treatment of benign breast disease and in endometriosis, was used in cases of advanced breast cancer with metastasis in bone, lung or in soft tissues. Out of 17 patients who received danazol, only 4 (23%) responded well. Postmenopausal patients responded better than premenopausal. Three out of the 4 responder received full course of radiotherapy and chemotherapy prior to danazol treatment. Out of the 13 non-responders, treatment could not be continued in 10 patients, either due to inability to meet up with the recurrent expenses of the cost of drugs or the patient was lost to follow-up or due to death. The rest 3 patients did not show any response at all to this drug, among them 2 were premenopausal.
Pacific Summit in Seattle Testing Clinton's Asia-Pacific Policy (1993)

For more about the East-West Center, see <a href="http://www.eastwestcenter.org/">http://www.eastwestcenter.org/</a>
Production of Soy Isolates by Ultrafiltration: Factors Affecting Yield and Composition (1981)

ABSTRACT Water extracts of defatted soy flour were prepared by multiple extraction and centrifugation. Ultrafiltration of extracts in hollowfiber units showed significant deviation from ideal behavior for removal of nonprotein components, probably due to solute‐solute and solute‐membrane interactions. These interactions affected the retentate composition as well as the yield of protein. Membrane adsorption losses increased with feed concentration and were higher for the XM than for the PM series of membranes. A retentate washing step, such as the continuous diafiltration mode of operation, was necessary to produce a true protein isolate. Overall yield of protein was 86% of that in the defatted soy flour.
Access control and authorization plan for customer control of network services (2003)

One challenge for future network service systems is to make customer control feasible while ensuring the security of both the customer's service and the control system itself. The author addresses the security problems that result from direct customer control. He argues that simple security mechanisms, such as access control lists, used in general-purpose computer systems are insufficient for administration control and authority delegation in network service systems. He proposes a security policy called an authorization policy that is suitable for both ensuring network security and facilitating administration and authorization control. This security policy is enforced through a unified protection mechanism called an access control hierarchy. An example is given to demonstrate the application of this access control hierarchy in existing network services.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification of a locus control region in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus that deregulates c-myc expression in plasmacytoma and Burkitt's lymphoma cells. (1994)

In murine plasmacytoma and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, one allele of c-myc is translocated into one of the immunoglobulin loci, resulting in a characteristic pattern of deregulated c-myc transcription. Translocation events between c-myc and the IgH locus segregate c-myc and the IgH intron enhancer to different reciprocal products in all plasmacytomas and in most Burkitt's lymphoma cells, suggesting that an additional element(s) capable of affecting c-myc expression over a large and variable distance must exist in the IgH locus. The region 3' of the IgH C alpha gene contains four tissue-specific and cell stage-specific DNase I hypersensitive sites (HSs), two of which map to the late B cell-specific 3' C alpha enhancer. We report here that DNA sequences comprising the two other 3' C alpha HSs contain potential protein-binding motifs for trans-activators commonly associated with immunoglobulin enhancers and that these sites can function as cell stage-specific enhancers in transient B cell assays. A DNA fragment containing all four HSs (HS1234) synergistically activates c-myc transcription in plasmacytoma and Burkitt's lymphoma cells in transient assays and induces high-level transcription, a promoter shift from P2 to P1, and an increase in readthrough transcription in stable transfections. Furthermore, plasmacytoma clones stably transfected with a HS1234-linked c-myc construct express c-myc in a position-independent, copy number-dependent manner. These results suggest that HS1234 may function as a locus control region (LCR), deregulating c-myc expression in t(15;12) plasmacytomas, as well as potentially contributing to aspects of normal IgH chain expression.
Prevention of edema disease in pigs by vaccination with verotoxin 2e toxoid. (1997)

Pigs in 2 herds with persistent problems with post weaning edema disease caused by infection with verotoxin-2e (VT2e)-producing Escherichia coli O139 were treated with a VT2e-toxoid vaccine. Treatment was performed as a randomized blind field trial with parallel treatment and non-vaccinated control groups. In 1 herd, a group of pigs was injected with adjuvant alone. Pigs were vaccinated at 1 and 3 wk of age and weaned at 4 wk of age. The effect of vaccination was measured by average daily weight gain (ADG), mortality due to edema disease within the 1st 4 wk after weaning, and weight at 3-6 mo of age. Pathological and microbiological examinations were performed on all pigs that died during the 1st 4 wk post weaning. Only pigs from which VT2e+, F18+ E. coli O139 was isolated were categorized as "death due to edema disease." The serological response to vaccination was evaluated by an indirect ELISA. Vaccination had a statistically significant effect on the level of antibodies specific for VT2e in both herds. Vaccination resulted in a statistically significant increase in ADG in the nursery period but not in the grower-finishing period. Vaccination had a statistically significant effect on mortality due to edema disease with an odds ratio of 0.039, indicating that there was almost total elimination of mortality due to the disease in the vaccine groups.
[Protective properties of theta-hemolysin obtained by affinity chromatography]. (1982)

The data on the study of the protective activity of theta hemolysin and Cl. perfringens lecithinase preparations and the corresponding antitoxic sera obtained by indirect immune affinity chromatography are presented. Experiments in mice and guinea pigs indicate that the injection of antihemolytic serum and immunization with anatheta hemolysin ensures the protection of the animals from theta toxin. The enrichment of analecithinase preparation with anatheta hemolysin has been found to increase its protective properties against Cl. perfringens culture and toxin.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Desymmetrization of meso‐Aziridines with TMSN3 or TMSCN Catalyzed by Discrete Yttrium Complexes. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thermal Dissociation and Unfolding of Insulin (2005)

The thermal stability of human insulin was studied by differential scanning microcalorimetry and near-UV circular dichroism as a function of zinc/protein ratio, to elucidate the dissociation and unfolding processes of insulin in different association states. Zinc-free insulin, which is primarily dimeric at room temperature, unfolded at approximately 70 degrees C. The two monomeric insulin mutants Asp(B28) and Asp(B9),Glu(B27) unfolded at higher temperatures, but with enthalpies of unfolding that were approximately 30% smaller. Small amounts of zinc caused a biphasic thermal denaturation pattern of insulin. The biphasic denaturation is caused by a redistribution of zinc ions during the heating process and results in two distinct transitions with T(m)'s of approximately 70 and approximately 87 degrees C corresponding to monomer/dimer and hexamer, respectively. At high zinc concentrations (>or=5 Zn(2+) ions/hexamer), only the hexamer transition is observed. The results of this study show that the thermal stability of insulin is closely linked to the association state and that the zinc hexamer remains stable at much higher temperatures than the monomer. This is in contrast to studies with chemical denaturants where it has been shown that monomer unfolding takes place at much higher denaturant concentrations than the dissociation of higher oligomers [Ahmad, A., et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 14999-15013].
25 kW peak power, wide tunable-repetition-rate and pulse duration eye-safe MOPFA laser (1996)

Summary form only given. We report a new, much more compact, efficient, reliable and very flexible pulse source based on the use of a single mode (SM) laser diode as a master oscillator for pulse train generation in combination with a high gain, ultra high saturation power, directly diode-pumped Er-doped fiber amplifier. This master oscillator-power fiber amplifier (MOPFA) approach gives a number of advantages in comparison with the earlier techniques because it produces tunable duration, short pulses with appropriate pulse shape, well determined repetition rate, and the opportunity of precise external triggering.
Demonstration of antibodies to Turkey rhinotracheitis virus in serum from commercially reared flocks of chickens (1988)

Using both an ELISA and a serum neutralisation test, antibodies to turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) virus were found in sera collected from commercial flocks of chickens after the initial appearance of TRT in turkeys in Britain in mid-1985 but not in chicken sera collected before that time. Good correlation was found between the results of the two assays and antibodies were found in chickens of all commercial types and of all ages, ranging from 31 days to 56 weeks. Apparently healthy flocks appeared to have been infected with the virus, as did flocks which had recovered from a variety of disease outbreaks including ones attributed to infectious bronchitis, and severe tracheitis as well as swollen head syndrome. The results presented here do not provide conclusive proof of an association between the presence of TRT antibodies in chicken sera and any particular disease condition and it appears that TRT virus can infect chickens without necessarily being responsible for clinical disease.
Glycoside hydrolase inventory drives plant polysaccharide deconstruction by the extremely thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus (2011)

The genome of Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus encodes a range of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) that mediate plant biomass deconstruction by this bacterium. Two GH-based genomic loci that appear to be central to the hydrolysis of hemicellulosic and cellulosic substrates were examined. XynB-XynF (Csac_2404-Csac_2411) encodes intracellular and extracellular GHs that are active towards xylan and xylan side-chains, as well as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). XynD (Csac_2409) and XynE (Csac_2410) were produced recombinantly and confirmed to be xylanases. XynF (Csac_2411) was produced in two separate polypeptides, each with one GH43 catalytic domain displaying α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity. CelA-ManB (Csac_1076-Csac_1080) encodes four multi-domain, extracellular GHs, including CelB (Csac_1078), a 118 kDa extracellular enzyme not present in the other genome-sequenced member of this genus, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii (formerly Anaerocellum thermophilum). CelB contains both GH10 and GH5 domains, separated by a family 3 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM3). CelB encoded in Csac_1078 differed from the version originally reported (Saul et al., 1990, Appl Environ Microbiol 56:3117–3124) with respect to linker regions. CelB hydrolyzed xylan and CMC, as well as barley b-glucan, glucomannan, and arabinoxylan. For all substrates tested, intact CelB was significantly more active than either the individual GH5 and GH10 domains or the two discrete domains together, indicating that the multi-domain architecture is essential for complex carbohydrate hydrolysis. Transcriptomes for C. saccharolyticus grown at 70°C on glucose, xylose, xyloglucan, switchgrass, and poplar revealed that certain GHs were particularly responsive to growth on switchgrass and poplar and that CelB was in the top decile of all transcripts during growth on the plant biomass.
A genome-wide meta-analysis identifies two novel loci associated with high myopia in the Han Chinese population (2013)

High myopia, highly prevalent in the Chinese population, is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Genetic factors play a critical role in the development of this visual disorder. Genome-wide association studies in recent years have revealed several chromosomal regions that contribute to its progression. To identify additional genetic variants for high myopia susceptibility, we used a genome-wide meta-analysis to examine the associations between the disease and 286 031 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a combined cohort of 665 cases and 960 controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 61) were genotyped in a replication cohort (850 cases and 1197 controls), and 14 SNPs were further tested through genotyping in two additional validation cohorts (combined 1278 cases and 2486 controls). As a result of this analysis, four SNPs reached genome-wide significance (P < 2.0 × 10(-7)). The most significantly associated SNP, rs2730260 [overall P = 8.95 × 10(-14); odds ratio (95% CI) =1.33 (1.23-1.44)], is located in the VIPR2 gene, which is located in the MYP4 locus. The other three SNPs (rs7839488, rs4395927 and rs4455882) in the same linkage disequilibrium block are located in the SNTB1 gene, with -P values ranging from 1.13 × 10(-8) to 2.13 × 10(-11). The VIPR2 and SNTB1 genes are expressed in the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium and have been previously reported to have potential functions for the pathogenesis of myopia. Our results suggest that variants of the VIPR2 and SNTB1 genes increase susceptibility to high myopia in Han Chinese.
A Thin-Film SOI 180nm CMOS RF Switch Technology (2009)

This paper describes a 180 nm CMOS thin film SOI technology developed for RF switch applications. For the first time we show that the well-known harmonic generation issue in HRES SOI technologies can be suppressed with one additional mask. Power handling, linearity, and Ron*Coff product are competitive with GaAs pHEMT and silicon-on-sapphire technologies.
Glucosylation and ADP Ribosylation of Rho Proteins:  Effects on Nucleotide Binding, GTPase Activity, and Effector Coupling (1998)

We studied the effects of glucosylation of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 at threonine-35 and -37 by Clostridium difficile toxin B on nucleotide binding, GTPase activity, and effector coupling and compared these results with the ADP ribosylation of RhoA at asparagine-41 catalyzed by Clostridium botulinum C3 transferase. Whereas glucosylation and ADP ribosylation had no major effects on GDP release from RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42, the rate of GTPgammaS release from Rho proteins was increased 3-6-fold by glucosylation. ADP ribosylation decreased the rate of GTPgammaS release by about 50%. Glucosylation reduced the intrinsic activities of the GTPases by 3-7-fold and completely blocked GTPase stimulation by Rho-GAP. In contrast, ADP ribosylation slightly increased GTPase activity ( approximately 2-fold) and had no major effect on GAP stimulation of GTPase. Whereas ADP ribosylation did not affect the interaction of RhoA with the binding domain of protein kinase N, glucosylation inhibited this interaction. Glucosylation of Rac1 markedly diminished its ability to support the activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes. Glucosylated Rac1 did not interfere with NADPH oxidase activation by unmodified Rac1, even when present in marked molar excess, indicating that it was incapable of competing for a common effector. The data indicate that the functional inactivation of small GTPases by glucosylation is mainly caused by inhibition of GTPase-effector protein interaction.
The Synthesis of 5′-Homo-2′-deoxycytidine (1990)

Abstract Syntheses of some pyrimidine 2′-deoxy-5′-homologs are reported.
RNA-peptide fusions for the in vitro selection of peptides and proteins (1997)

Covalent fusions between an mRNA and the peptide or protein that it encodes can be generated by in vitro translation of synthetic mRNAs that carry puromycin, a peptidyl acceptor antibiotic, at their 3' end. The stable linkage between the informational (nucleic acid) and functional (peptide) domains of the resulting joint molecules allows a specific mRNA to be enriched from a complex mixture of mRNAs based on the properties of its encoded peptide. Fusions between a synthetic mRNA and its encoded myc epitope peptide have been enriched from a pool of random sequence mRNA-peptide fusions by immunoprecipitation. Covalent RNA-peptide fusions should provide an additional route to the in vitro selection and directed evolution of proteins.
Synthesis and Characterization of Single-Ion Graft Copolymer Electrolytes (2005)

A microphase-separating single-ion conductor, poly[ methacrylate-ran-lithium methacrylate]-graft-poly(dimethyl siloxane), P(OEM--LiMA)--PDMS, was prepared by lithiating a precursor polymer synthesized by free radical methods using commercially available macromonomers. This material possessed a low conductivity, stemming from high ion-pairing interactions that severely restricted the number of charge carriers available for conduction. Subsequent conversion of the LiMA units via the addition of , a Lewis acid, resulted in a 2 orders-of-magnitude rise in conductivity, a gain that could be attributed to a large increase in the number of mobile cations. By blending this material with uncharged POEM--PDMS, the room-temperature conductivity was optimized to . With a lithium transference number of unity, these materials exhibit higher dc-measured conductivities at elevated currents than their salt-doped counterparts and are electrochemically stable to .
Thermal conductivity of nitrogenated ultrananocrystalline diamond films on silicon (2008)

The authors report on the experimental investigation of the thermal conductivity of nitrogenated ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films on silicon. For better accuracy, the thermal conductivity was measured by using two different approaches: the 3ω method and transient “hot disk” technique. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of the nitrogenated UNCD films was compared to that of undoped UNCD films and microcrystalline diamond (MCD) films on silicon. It was shown that the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of UNCD films, which is substantially different from that for MCD films, can be adequately described by the phonon-hopping model. The room-temperature thermal conductivity of UNCD is 8.6–16.6 W/m K and decreases with the addition of nitrogen. The obtained results shed light on the nature of thermal conduction in partially disordered nanostructured materials and can be used for estimating the thermal resistance of doped UNCD films.
Nutritional status and dietary intake of patients with pressure ulcers: review of research literature 1943 to 1989. (1991)

This literature review summarizes research on nutrition and pressure ulcers from 1943 to 1989. The focus is on dietary intake of protein and calories, body weight, serum total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count, iron, zinc, and vitamin C. The literature clearly demonstrates that patients with pressure ulcers are malnourished.