gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Saliva Proteome Analysis (2007)

Human saliva contains proteins that can be informative for disease detection and surveillance of oral health. Comprehensive analysis and identification of the proteomic content in human whole and ductal saliva is a necessary first step toward the discovery of saliva protein markers for human disease detection. The article will review the recent advances in human saliva proteome analysis, including the efforts of the UCLA saliva proteome consortium funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR). We aim to summarize the proteomics technologies currently used for global analysis of saliva proteins and to elaborate on the application of saliva proteomics to discovery of disease biomarkers, in particular for oral cancer and Sjögren's syndrome, and discuss some of the critical challenges and perspectives for this emerging field. The impact of human saliva proteome analysis in the search for clinically relevant disease biomarkers will be realized through advances made using proteomics technologies.
Characterization of Natural and Induced Variation in the LOV1 Gene, a CC-NB-LRR Gene Conferring Victorin Sensitivity and Disease Susceptibility in Arabidopsis (2007)

The fungus Cochliobolus victoriae, the causal agent of Victoria blight, produces a compound called victorin that is required for pathogenicity of the fungus. Victorin alone reproduces disease symptoms on sensitive plants. Victorin sensitivity and susceptibility to C. victoriae were originally described on oats but have since been identified on Arabidopsis thaliana. Victorin sensitivity and disease susceptibility in Arabidopsis are conferred by LOV1, a coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-leucine-rich repeat (CC-NB-LRR) protein. We sequenced the LOV1 gene from 59 victorin-insensitive mutants and found that the spectrum of mutations causing LOV1 loss of function was similar to that found to cause loss of function of RPM1, a CC-NB-LRR resistance protein. Also, many of the mutated residues in LOV1 are in conserved motifs required for resistance protein function. These data indicate that LOV1 may have a mechanism of action similar to resistance proteins. Victorin sensitivity was found to be the prevalent phenotype in a survey of 30 Arabidopsis ecotypes, and we found very little genetic variation among LOV1 alleles. As selection would not be expected to preserve a functional LOV1 gene to confer victorin sensitivity and disease susceptibility, we propose that LOV1 may function as a resistance gene to a naturally-occurring pathogen of Arabidopsis.
Some Post-Litigation Issues: Enforcement of a Foreign Judgment Which Includes Compensatory, Moral and/or Punitive Damages; Enforcement of Injunctive Relief and Specific Performance: Enforcement of Costs, Interest, and Attorneys' Fees, Determination of the Proper Currency in an Enforcement Proceeding: Panel Discussion Part 2 (1997) (2010)

Issue five focused on understanding the Mexican legal system.
Role of Multicellular Aggregates in Biofilm Formation (2016)

During the past decades, there has been a consensus around the model of development of a biofilm, involving attachment of single planktonic bacterial cells to a surface and the subsequent development of a mature biofilm. This study presents results that call for a modification of this rigorous model. We show how free floating biofilm aggregates can have a profound local effect on biofilm development when attaching to a surface. Our findings show that an aggregate landing on a surface will eventually outcompete the biofilm population arising from single cells attached around the aggregate and dominate the local biofilm development. These results point to a regime where preformed biofilm aggregates may have a fitness advantage over planktonic cells when it comes to accessing nutrients. Our findings add to the increasingly prominent comprehension that biofilm lifestyle is the default for bacteria and that planktonic single cells may be only a transition state at the most.
[Revision of structure of peimisine]. (1992)

From the bulbs of Fritillaria siechuanica cultivated in Sichuan province, 5 alkaloids including peimisine (III) were isolated. Structure of peimisine reported in reference (2) was revised as 2 based on 2D-NMR (1H-1H, 1H-13C COSY and NOE), and FR-5 was proved to be peimisine on the basis of their melting point and TLC behavior. It is worthy of noting that 1) configuration of the oxygen at the C-17 in hupehenisine 3 is possibly erroneous; 2) both songbaisine 4 (A or B) and peimisine 2 should be the same compound on the basis of comparison of their 13C NMR data (Table 3) and 1H NMR spectra; 3) configuration of the oxygen atom at C-17 in the jervine-type steroidal alkaloids can not be safely proved by their IR, MS and the chemical shifts of some protons such as the methyls without the X-ray diffraction analysis, or the NOE technique and the 13C NMR method.
Platelet transfusion refractoriness (2008)

The platelet, a fascinating anucleate cell, is critically important for haemostasis. Platelet transfusions have greatly reduced the incidence of major haemorrhagic complications associated with the management of haematological and oncological disorders. However, some patients fail to receive the full benefit of platelet transfusions because they do not achieve the appropriate platelet count increment following transfusion. This review will discuss the aetiology, diagnosis, and management of refractoriness to platelet transfusion, a complicated problem for both the treating physicians and the transfusion services supporting these patients. Although advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of immune-mediated platelet refractoriness, which is usually caused by anti-human leucocyte antigen antibodies, non-immune causes, such as sepsis, remain problematic.
354. A new synthesis and the chemical properties of 5-aminopyrimidine (1951)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Extended freeze‐dried Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin induces the release of interleukin‐12 but not tumour necrosis factor‐α by alveolar macrophages, both in vitro and in vivo (2003)

Our results show that EFD BCG induce the release of the Th1-promoting cytokine IL-12 by AM, without the deleterious effects of HK BCG. These data suggest that EFD BCG may be considered as a potential novel treatment to restore the Th1/Th2 imbalance in asthma.
Separation and/or selective enrichment of single-walled carbon nanotubes based on their electronic properties (2010)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) possess unique electronic properties that make them very promising materials for use in both nano-electronics and thin film devices. However, SWNTs are always produced as a mixture of metallic and semiconducting nanotubes, which is a major roadblock to their widespread application. This tutorial review provides a brief summary of ways of separating single-walled carbon nanotubes into metallic and semiconducting fractions. Various methods including selective growth, selective removal, selective adsorption and band structure modulation--all of which aim to produce pure SWNTs with well-defined electronic properties--are systematically discussed. The main problems in this field, the outlook for separation techniques and some views of future developments are presented.
Mouse Dendritic-Endothelial Cell Hybrids and 4-1BB Costimulation Elicit Antitumor Effects Mediated by Broad Antiangiogenic Immunity (2007)

Antiangiogenic immunotherapy, which targets molecules critical to tumor angiogenesis, is expected to counteract the negative effect of tumor cell genetic instability on the outcome of immunotherapy targeting tumor antigens. Previously, targeting of individual angiogenic molecules has been shown to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and limit tumor growth. Nevertheless, this approach may be bypassed by redundant angiogenic pathways. To overcome this limitation, we have developed an immunization strategy targeting multiple molecules critical to angiogenesis. To this end, hybrids of dendritic cells (DC) and syngeneic endothelial cells (EC) were used as immunogens, because (a) whole EC express multiple molecules involved in angiogenesis and (b) DC tumor cell hybrids are effective in generating self-antigen-specific immune responses. The immunization strategy included the administration of an agonist 4-1BB-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), because it augments self-antigen-specific immune responses elicited by DC hybrids. Immunization of mice with DC-EC hybrids and 4-1BB-specific mAb inhibited the growth of B16.F10 melanoma and MC38 colon adenocarcinoma tumors. This effect is mediated by EC-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, which markedly inhibited tumor angiogenesis. No therapy-related side effects, except minor and transient hematologic changes, were observed. Our findings represent a useful background for the design of antiangiogenic immunotherapeutic strategies to control tumor growth in a clinical setting.
Mechanism of interaction of the 85B secreted protein of Mycobacterium bovis with fibronectin (1993)

The 85B protein of Mycobacterium bovis is a member of the secreted antigen 85 complex, which has been identified in a number of pathogenic mycobacteria. The 85 complex contains three components with molecular masses of 30 to 32 kDa which share the property of binding to fibronectin, a large glycoprotein present in plasma. To investigate this activity we have expressed the M. bovis 85B antigen as a recombinant protein and studied its interaction with human fibronectin. Fibronectin bound to the immobilized 85B protein in a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and in the fluid phase in a radioimmunoassay using 125I-labelled 85B protein. In addition, fibronectin reacted with immobilized 85B in immunoblots and vice versa. Fibronectin also bound to three fragments of a cyanogen bromide digest of 85B which were subsequently identified by N-terminal sequencing. These fragments contained fibronectin-reactive peptides identified in ELISAs utilizing a set of 28 overlapping 20-mer peptides encompassing the 85B sequence. Further studies showed that the 85B protein reacted with a 32-kDa polypeptide from a limited tryptic digest of fibronectin which was identified as the collagen-binding domain. This region was confirmed as the 85B binding site by the fact that gelatin but not heparin inhibited the binding of fibronectin to 85B. These data indicate that the 85B-fibronectin interaction involves the binding of multiple regions of the 85B protein to the collagen-binding domain of fibronectin.
A Robust, Low-Crosstalk, InGaAsP/lnP Total-lnternal-Reflection Switch For Optical Cross-Connect Applications (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text I. Betty, R. Rousina-Webb, and C. Wu, "A Robust, Low-Crosstalk, InGaAsP/lnP Total-lnternal-Reflection Switch For Optical Cross-Connect Applications," in Integrated Photonics Research, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper JWA2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Insulin in methionine and homocysteine kinetics in healthy humans: plasma vs. intracellular models (2005)

Methionine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is reversibly converted into homocysteine. Homocysteine is an independent cardiovascular risk factor frequently associated with the insulin resistance syndrome. The effects of insulin on methionine and homocysteine kinetics in vivo are not known. Six middle-aged male volunteers were infused with L-[methyl-2H3,1-13C]methionine before (for 3 h) and after (for 3 additional hours) an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (150 mU/l) clamp. Steady-state methionine and homocysteine kinetics were determined using either plasma (i.e., those of methionine) or intracellular (i.e., those of plasma homocysteine) enrichments. By use of plasma enrichments, insulin decreased methionine rate of appearance (Ra; both methyl- and carbon Ra) by 25% (P < 0.003 vs. basal) and methionine disposal into proteins by 50% (P < 0.0005), whereas it increased homocysteine clearance by approximately 70% (P < 0.025). With intracellular enrichments, insulin increased all kinetic rates, mainly because homocysteine enrichment decreased by approximately 40% (P < 0.001). In particular, transmethylation increased sixfold (P < 0.02), transsulfuration fourfold (P = 0.01), remethylation eightfold (P < 0.025), and clearance eightfold (P < 0.004). In summary, 1) physiological hyperinsulinemia stimulated homocysteine metabolic clearance irrespective of the model used; and 2) divergent changes in plasma methionine and homocysteine enrichments were observed after hyperinsulinemia, resulting in different changes in methionine and homocysteine kinetics. In conclusion, insulin increases homocysteine clearance in vivo and may thus prevent homocysteine accumulation in body fluids. Use of plasma homocysteine as a surrogate of intracellular methionine enrichment, after acute perturbations such as insulin infusion, needs to be critically reassessed.
Characteristics and significance of DNA binding activity of plasmid stabilization protein ParD from the broad host-range plasmid RK2. (1993)

A region of the plasmid RK2 has been shown to stabilize plasmid replicons in a broad host-range manner. This region encodes two divergently transcribed operons: parCBA and parDE. The parCBA operon specifies a multimer resolution system, while the parDE operon alone is capable of stabilizing an RK2-derived minireplicon under defined growth conditions in several different Gram-negative bacteria. The observed autoregulation of the parDE operon is most likely the result of ParD protein binding within the PparDE region. The characteristics of ParD binding to this region and the role of such binding in plasmid stabilization were examined with purified ParD protein. The results indicate that the binding of a single dimer of ParD protein to the promoter region most likely blocks interaction of RNA polymerase holoenzyme with the promoter. DNase I protection experiments indicate that ParD binds to a discrete sequence of 48 base pairs in length. While the binding of ParD to PparDE is essential for proper regulation of expression of the ParD and ParE proteins in vivo, the analyses of binding properties of mutant ParD proteins suggest that binding to this region does not play a direct role in plasmid stabilization.
Abstract #746: Androgen-receptor expression in triple negative breast cancer: Results from the neoadjuvant GeparTrio trial (2009)

Background: Triple negative (TN) breast cancer is characterized by lack of expression of estrogen- (ER), progesterone- (PgR) and Her2-receptor and is associated with aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis. Treatment options for patients (Pts) with such tumors are limited to chemotherapy only. There is growing evidence that androgen receptor (AR) might play a role in triple negative breast cancer. Aim of this study was to investigate if there is a different expression of AR in the GeparTrio study cohort and to elucidate whether AR might be used as target for treatment of TN breast cancer. Methods: Between 8/2002 and 6/2005, 1711 pts were treated according to the GeparTrio trial-protocol (NCT00544765) with docetaxel, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (TAC) but received no trastuzumab therapy regardless of the individual HER2 status. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed from pre-treatment core biopsies. We analyzed AR expression in a cohort of 682 pts by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels were levels were categorized as \#8216;0\#8217;, \#8216;1+\#8217;, \#8216;2+\#8217; and \#8216;3+\#8217;. Pts were considered positive for AR when they were categorized as 3+. We evaluated the associations by Spearman\#8217;s rho correlation between AR expression and clinico-pathological parameters and pathological complete response (pCR; ypT0/ ypTis, ypN0) to this neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: 409 pts (47.8%) were AR positive. Regarding the entire TMA cohort, we found significant correlation between AR and tumor grading (RS=-.243, p Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 746.
Binding of a de novo designed peptide to specific glycosaminoglycans (2000)

The binding of glycosaminoglycans to a synthetic peptide (SKAQKAQAKQAKQAQKAQKAQAKQAKQW-CONH(2)), consisting of a hybrid consensus heparin binding sequence, is studied using circular dichroism, fluorescence anisotropy and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The results unveil certain novel features, most importantly, the peptide binds preferentially to iduronic acid containing glycosaminoglycans and the dissociation constant for the peptide-heparin complex was found to be 30 nM. Interestingly, higher order intermolecular association(s)/aggregation was not observed, especially at saturating concentrations of the ligand. The helical structure of the peptide backbone, induced upon binding to a particular glycosaminoglycan is directly related to their binding affinity. In our opinion, studies on such unconventional hybrid peptide sequences containing low density basic amino acid residues would lead to the design of sequence specific glycosaminoglycan binding peptides.
Potent and Selective Inhibition of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication by 1263W94, a Benzimidazole l -Riboside with a Unique Mode of Action (2002)

Benzimidazole nucleosides have been shown to be potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in vitro. As part of the exploration of structure-activity relationships within this series, we synthesized the 2-isopropylamino derivative (3322W93) of 1H-beta-D-ribofuranoside-2-bromo-5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole (BDCRB) and the biologically unnatural L-sugars corresponding to both compounds. One of the L derivatives, 1H-beta-L-ribofuranoside-2-isopropylamino-5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole (1263W94), showed significant antiviral potency in vitro against both laboratory HCMV strains and clinical HCMV isolates, including those resistant to ganciclovir (GCV), foscarnet, and BDCRB. 1263W94 inhibited viral replication in a dose-dependent manner, with a mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 0.12 +/- 0.01 microM compared to a mean IC(50) for GCV of 0.53 +/- 0.04 microM, as measured by a multicycle DNA hybridization assay. In a single replication cycle, 1263W94 treatment reduced viral DNA synthesis, as well as overall virus yield. HCMV mutants resistant to 1263W94 were isolated, establishing that the target of 1263W94 was a viral gene product. The resistance mutation was mapped to the UL97 open reading frame. The pUL97 protein kinase was strongly inhibited by 1263W94, with 50% inhibition occurring at 3 nM. Although HCMV DNA synthesis was inhibited by 1263W94, the inhibition was not mediated by the inhibition of viral DNA polymerase. The parent benzimidazole D-riboside BDCRB inhibits viral DNA maturation and processing, whereas 1263W94 does not. The mechanism of the antiviral effect of L-riboside 1263W94 is thus distinct from those of GCV and of BDCRB. In summary, 1263W94 inhibits viral replication by a novel mechanism that is not yet completely understood.
dueling detectors (2002)

Complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imaging detectors began to make their move into the charge-coupled-device (CCD) detector arena. Contrary to some beliefs, both technologies will indeed coexist in the future.
Biofilm-Forming Capability of Highly Virulent, Multidrug-ResistantCandida auris (2017)

The emerging multidrug-resistant yeast pathogen Candida auris has attracted considerable attention as a source of healthcare-associated infections. We report that this highly virulent yeast has the capacity to form antifungal resistant biofilms sensitive to the disinfectant chlorhexidine in vitro.
Multi-level direction of autonomous creatures for real-time virtual environments (1995)

There have been several recent efforts to build behavior-based autonomous creatures. While competent autonomous action is highly desirable, there is an important need to integrate autonomy with "directability". In this paper we discuss the problem of building autonomous animated creatures for interactive virtual environments which are also capable of being directed at multiple levels. We present an approach to control which allows an external entity to "direct" an autonomous creature at the motivational level, the task level, and the direct motor level. We also detail a layered architecture and a general behavioral model for perception and action-selection which incorporates explicit support for multi-level direction. These ideas have been implemented and used to develop several autonomous animated creatures.
Calorimetric determination of the energetics of the molten globule intermediate in protein folding: apo-.alpha.-lactalbumin (1991)

High-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry has been used to characterize the energetics of the molten globule state of apo-alpha-lactalbumin. This characterization has been possible by performing temperature scans at different guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) concentrations in order to experimentally define the temperature-GuHCl stability surface of the protein. Multidimensional analysis of the heat capacity surface has allowed simultaneous resolution of the energetics of the unfolded and molten globule states. These experiments indicate that the intrinsic enthalpy difference (i.e., excluding additional contributions such as those arising from differential GuHCl binding) between the unfolded and native states is 31.8 kcal/mol at 25 degrees C whereas that of the molten globule and native states is only 7.7 kcal/mol. At the same temperature, the entropy changes are 99.2 and 23.7 cal/K.mol and the heat capacity changes are 1821 and 326 cal/K.mol, respectively. Analysis of the thermodynamic data indicates that in passing from the native to the molten globule state only approximately 19% of the hydrogen bonds are broken. In addition, the magnitude of delta Cp for the molten globule suggests that water does not largely penetrate into the interior of the molten globule, implying that significant hydrophobic interactions are still present in this state. These parameters provide precise energetic constraints to the allowed structural conformations of the molten globule.
Within-Die Variation-Aware Scheduling in Superscalar Processors for Improved Throughput (2008)

Within-die parameter variations can cause wide delay distribution among similar functional units in superscalar processors. Conventionally, the frequency of operation is reduced to accommodate the slowest unit, which in turn degrades throughput. We present a low-overhead design technique that sets the operating frequency in a superscalar processor based on the faster units and allows more cycles for the slower units. We propose an associated priority scheduling strategy to schedule instructions in the functional units to maximize throughput. Simulation results on a set of benchmarks show that, by assigning a higher scheduling priority to faster units, we can achieve 18 percent improvement in performance on average with negligible design overhead.
Laser induced bubble formation in the retina (1996)

Bubble formation is likely to be the mechanism of threshold damage to the retina for laser pulses durations in the time regime between 10(-6) and 10(-9) seconds.