gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence investigations of pyrene excimer formation in supercritical CO2 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteady-state and time-resolved fluorescence investigations of pyrene excimer formation in supercritical CO2JoAnn Zagrobelny, Thomas A. Betts, and Frank V. BrightCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 13, 5249–5257Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00039a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00039a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views476Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Mixing Conditions and Wheat Flour Dough Composition on Lipid Hydrolysis and Oxidation Levels in the Presence of Exogenous Lipase (1999)

ABSTRACT The lipid profiles of wheat flour doughs containing exogenous lipase were studied under different mixing conditions using a microscale mixer. An experimental design comparing the effects of dough water content (52–68%), the speed of mixing (50–100 rpm), and the mixer temperature (18–32°C) showed that the hydrolysis levels were positively influenced by temperature and speed of mixing and negatively influenced by water content. The positive effect of temperature was enhanced both by highspeed mixing and low water content. The lipid oxidation levels were positively influenced by the speed of mixing and negatively influenced by the water content. The positive effect of temperature on the oxidation levels was less important. A series of experiments conducted with different types of industrial and semi‐industrial mixers with equal concentrations of lipase added to the dough showed large differences among the rates of lipid hydrolysis and oxidation. However, the mixing conditions proposed by bakers to obtain doughs with similar handling properties led to similar dough lipid profiles. Sodium chloride did not change the lipid profile when added to dough. Conversely, calcium chloride promoted a large increase of lipid hydrolysis and oxidation due to its activation of lipase activity. Addition of yeast increased the lipid hydrolysis and slightly decreased lipid oxidation.
Micro- and nanotechnology in cell separation (2006)

This review describes recent work in cell separation using micro- and nanoscale technologies. These devices offer several advantages over conventional, macroscale separation systems in terms of sample volumes, low cost, portability, and potential for integration with other analytical techniques. More importantly, and in the context of modern medicine, these technologies provide tools for point-of-care diagnostics, drug discovery, and chemical or biological agent detection. This review describes work in five broad categories of cell separation based on (1) size, (2) magnetic attraction, (3) fluorescence, (4) adhesion to surfaces, and (5) new emerging technologies. The examples in each category were selected to illustrate separation principles and technical solutions as well as challenges facing this rapidly emerging field.
Fusion function of the Semliki Forest virus spike is activated by proteolytic cleavage of the envelope glycoprotein precursor p62 (1990)

The precursor protein p62 of the prototype alphavirus Semliki Forest virus (SFV) undergoes during transport to the cell surface a proteolytic cleavage to form the mature envelope glycoprotein E2. To investigate the biological significance of this cleavage event, single amino acid substitutions were introduced at the cleavages site through mutagenesis of cDNA corresponding to the structural region of the SFV genome. The phenotypes of the cleavage site mutants were studied in BHK cells by using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors. Nonconservative substitutions completely abolished p62 cleavage. Uncleaved p62 was transported with normal kinetics to the cell surface, where it became accessible to low concentrations of exogenous trypsin. The proteolytic cleavage of envelope glycoprotein precursors has been shown to activate the membrane fusion potential of viral spikes in several virus families. Here we demonstrate that the fusion function of the SFV spike is activated by the cleavage of p62. Cleavage-deficient p62 expressed at the cell surface did not function in low-pH-triggered (pH 5.5) cell-cell membrane fusion; however, cleavage of the mutated p62 with exogenous trypsin restored the fusion function. We discuss a model for SFV assembly and fusion where p62 cleavage plays a crucial role in the stability of the multimeric association of the viral envelope glycoproteins.
Regulatory T Cell Clones Induced by Oral Tolerance: Suppression of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (1994)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a cell-mediated autoimmune disease that serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis. Oral administration of myelin basic protein (MBP) suppresses EAE by inducing peripheral tolerance. T cell clones were isolated from the mesenteric lymph nodes of SJL mice that had been orally tolerized to MBP. These clones were CD4+ and were structurally identical to T helper cell type 1 (TH1) encephalitogenic CD4+ clones in T cell receptor usage, major histocompatibility complex restriction, and epitope recognition. However, they produced transforming growth factor-beta with various amounts of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 and suppressed EAE induced with either MBP or proteolipid protein. Thus, mucosally derived TH2-like clones induced by oral antigen can actively regulate immune responses in vivo and may represent a different subset of T cells.
Comparative antibody responses and protection in mice immunised by oral or parenteral routes with influenza virus subunit antigens in aqueous form or incorporated into ISCOMs (1995)

The total and subclass antibody responses of mice and protection of these animals against live influenza A/Sichuan/2/87 virus challenge infection were determined after immunisation with homologous A/Sichuan/87 aqueous or ISCOM-formulated surface glycoprotein subunit antigens administered by either the oral or intramuscular routes. The results show that the greatest systemic and local antibody responses were elicited in mice immunised with A/Sichuan ISCOMs by the intramuscular route; protection against homologous virus challenge was also effective in these animals, particularly after two doses of the vaccine. However, relatively high immune responses and protection were also elicited by the A/Sichuan/87 ISCOM vaccine administered orally. Immunisation of mice by the intramuscular route resulted in levels of serum IgG2a subclass antibody significantly greater than those induced by the same preparation given by the oral route, or by the aqueous A/Sichuan/87 subunit antigen preparation administered by either route. The findings indicate that the ISCOM delivery system can be used for immunisation by the oral route, although in mice, under the conditions used, this strategy compares unfavourably with the intramuscular route in terms of both local and systemic immune responses and protection against homologous challenge virus infection.
A new family of bioorthogonally applicable fluorogenic labels (2013)

Synthetic procedures for the construction of fluorogenic azido-labels were developed. Photophysical properties were elaborated by experimental and theoretical investigations. Of the newly synthesized fluorogenic and bioorthogonally applicable dyes two were selected on the basis of their fluorogenic performance and further subjected to in vitro and in vivo studies. Both tags exhibited excellent fluorogenic properties as in aqueous medium, the azide form of the selected dyes is virtually non-fluorescent, while their "clicked" triazole congeners showed intense fluorescence. One of these labels showed a very large Stokes shift. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of mega-Stokes type of fluorogenic labels. These studies have justified that these two fluorogenic tags are remarkably suitable for bioorthogonal tagging schemes. The developed synthetic approach together with the theoretical screen of possible fluorogenic tags will enable the generation of libraries of such tags in the future.
Cloning and characterization of a novel T cell activation gene. (1987)

We have used the technique of subtractive hybridization to identify a T cell gene selectively expressed during activation via the antigen-receptor pathway. This gene, termed TCA3 (for T cell activation) encodes a mRNA which is expressed following concanavalin A (Con A) activation of T cell clones at levels of approximately 1% total poly(A)-containing mRNA. The cDNA isolate, termed TCA3.0, is 512 bases in length excluding poly(A) and encodes a predicted 92-amino acid protein having the characteristics of a secreted polypeptide of approximately 69 amino acids. The genomic organizations of TCA3 was determined for two lambda phage clones and was found to be a single copy gene containing at least three exons dispersed over less than 4.7 kb. The temporal appearance of TCA3 mRNA in response to several activating agents was examined. It is not transcribed in response to interleukin 2 stimulation, but is transcribed in response to either antigen or Con A stimulation and can be detected as early as 1 hr poststimulation. Expression TCA3 in response to Con A is blocked by cyclosporin A treatment. The combined data suggest that TCA3 may represent a new lymphokine.
Volatile flavour components of ocimum basilicum var. hispidum (lam.) Chiov. (1991)

Abstract The volatile components obtained by steam‐distillation of Ocimum basilicum var. hispidum (Lam.) Chiov. (Labiatae) were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography—mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). A total of 21 compounds, representing ca 90% of the total oil, were identified. The identity of the main component (82%), dihydrotagetone, was confirmed by 1 H‐ and 13 C‐NMR spectroscopy. This is the first report of this compound in the genus Ocimum .
Murine model for human secondary amyloidosis: genetic variability of the acute-phase serum protein SAA response to endotoxins and casein. (1976)

The serum precursor SAA of the secondary amyloid protein AA has been detected by solid-phase radioimmunoassay as a normal serum alpha-globulin of mol wt 160,000, which dissociates to a more stable 12,500 dalton moiety on treatment with formic acid. In 12 strains of mice, including T-cell-deficient nude mice, treated with the amyloid-inducing agents lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or casein, SAA behaved as an acute-phase reactant. SAA concentration rose to about 750 mug/ml by 24 h and returned to less than 1 mug/ml by 48 h. Since the amyloid-resistant colchicine-treated mice and AJ mice had a normal SAA response to LPS, it appears that their resistance to amyloid induction is due to the nature of their SAA processing rather than decreased SAA production. C3H/HeJ mice, which have defective B-lymphocyte responses to LPS, required extremely high dosages of LPS to cause SAA elevation, although their SAA response to casein was normal. This suggests that SAA is an acute-phase protein produced as a result of B-lymphocyte stimulation. Preliminary evidence suggests that at the height of an acute SAA response, liver homogenates are particularly rich in protein AA cross-reacting material.
Minor Ampullate Silks from Nephila and Argiope Spiders: Tensile Properties and Microstructural Characterization (2012)

The mechanical behavior and microstructure of minor ampullate gland silk (miS) of two orb-web spinning species, Argiope trifasciata and Nephila inaurata, were extensively characterized, enabling detailed comparison with other silks. The similarities and differences exhibited by miS when compared with the intensively studied major ampullate gland silk (MAS) and silkworm (Bombyx mori) silk offer a genuine opportunity for testing some of the hypotheses proposed to correlate microstructure and tensile properties in silk. In this work, we show that miSs of different species show similar properties, even when fibers spun by spiders that diverged over 100 million years are compared. The tensile properties of miS are comparable to those of MAS when tested in air, significantly in terms of work to fracture, but differ considerably when tested in water. In particular, miS does not show a supercontraction effect and an associated ground state. In this regard, the behavior of miS in water is similar to that of B. mori silk, and it is shown that the initial elastic modulus of both fibers can be explained using a common model. Intriguingly, the microstructural parameters measured in miS are comparable to those of MAS and considerably different from those found in B. mori. This fact suggests that some critical microstructural information is still missing in our description of silks, and our results suggest that the hydrophilicity of the lateral groups or the large scale organization of the sequences might be routes worth exploring.
Synthesis and antiallergic activity of N-(4-(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)butyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxopyridine-3-carboxamides. (1989)

A new series of oxopyridinecarboxamide derivatives 3a--g and 5a were synthesized and evaluated for their antiallergic activity. 1,4-Dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamides 3a and 5a exhibited potent antiallergic activity (inhibitory rates of 80.7 and 88.3%, respectively, at 20 mg/kg, p.o.) in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test and also exhibited much more potent in vitro inhibitory activity than caffeic acid against the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Their in vitro antihistamine activity, however, was weaker than that of ketotifen. Compounds 3a and 5a are viewed as promising candidates for antiallergic agents.
B-ISDN multimedia communication and collaboration platform using advanced video workstations to support cooperative work (1992)

A distributed real-time computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) platform called the B-ISDN group teleworking system is described. The system combines the high-speed multimedia communication capability with advanced video integrated workstations. The aim of this system is to support ad hoc meetings and real-time collaborative work between small groups of people who are geographically distributed. The main features of the system are face-to-face communication and the capability for sharing and comanipulating shared multimedia information including video. The concept and architecture of the system are described. A prototype group teleworking system that uses B-ISDN multimedia workstations is also described. A mock remote medical consultation application for the system is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Recent advances in poly(pyrazolyl)borate (scorpionate) chemistry (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRecent advances in poly(pyrazolyl)borate (scorpionate) chemistryS. TrofimenkoCite this: Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 3, 943–980Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00019a006https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00019a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6943Altmetric-Citations1361LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Streptococcus suis and group B Streptococcus differ in their interactions with murine macrophages (1998)

Streptococcus suis type 2 and group B Streptococcus type III (GBS) are important encapsulated bacterial species causing meningitis.In the present study we compared quantitatively the uptake and intracellular survival of S. suis type 2 and GBS type III with murine macrophages in non-opsonic conditions.The role of the capsule of both pathogens was also studied using previously obtained unencapsulated isogenic mutants.Encapsulated S. suis wild-type strain was practically not phagocytosed, while the unencapsulated mutant was easily ingested by macrophages.On the other hand, the well encapsulated GBS strain and its unencapsulated mutant were both phagocytosed in large numbers.Even if S. suis unencapsulated mutant showed a higher uptake rate than the parental strain, this value was always markedly lower than the numbers of ingested GBS strains.In addition, the intracellular survival of encapsulated and unencapsulated GBS strains was significantly higher than that of S. suis strains.These results suggest that interactions between GBS type III and S. suis type 2 with murine macrophages as well as the role of the capsule as an antiphagocytic factor are different for the two bacterial pathogens.
Alcohol adsorption on softwood lignin from aqueous solutions (1990)

Lignin prepared by acid and enzyme hydrolysis of a softwood mixture adsorbs acetone, butanol, and other alcohols while showing only a slight uptake of glucose. Adsorption of butanol is independent of temperature in the range of 30-65 degrees C. The Polanyi theory fits adsorption for the linear alcohols methanol through hexanol with values of DeltaS and Delta(mu) ranging from 2.6 to 26 J mol(-1) K(-1)and -0.8 to -8 kJ/mol. The adsorption capacity is given by Q (g alcohol/g lignin) = KC(*). Where C(*) is the equilibrium alcohol concentration (g/mL), K = epsilon(W)exp (Delta/R), and epsilon(w) is the porosity of the lignin (0.23-0.42 mL/g). The value of the adsorption capacity constant K for n-butanol ranges from 1.3 to 2.7 mL/g on sorbent containing 26-72% lignin, while ethanol is 0.5-0.73, acetone is 0.62-1.0, and glucose is 0.35. Adsorption is shown to occur through combined hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions of the alkyl and hydroxyl groups, respectively, of the adsorbate with the lignin. Consequently, for the alcohols methanol to hexanol, we present the capacity constant K[=K(R) + K(OH)] as a sum of an alky! adsorption constant (0.1-9.5 mL/g) and a hydrophilic (0.40-0.50 mL/g) contribution. This approach may be applicable to organic acids. Lignin's sorbent properties have potential to moderate product inhibition in the anaerobic acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
Generalized Equation for the Elastic Moduli of Composite Materials (1970)

A generalized equation is proposed for the relative elastic moduli of composite materials. By the introduction of a generalized Einstein coefficient and a function which considers the maximum volumetric peaking fraction of the filler phase, the moduli of many types of composite systems can be calculated.
Universal relations for coupling of optical powerbetweenmicroresonators and dielectric waveguides (2000)

The most basic and generic configuration, which consists of a unidirectional coupling between a ring resonator and a waveguide, is considered. The fundamental working equations required to describe the associated power transfer are derived and the application of this geometry to a variety of optical phenomena is discussed. These phenomena include ‘add/dropping’ of optical beams, add/drop filtering and optical power switching.
Directed evolution of a biterminal bacterial display scaffold enhances the display of diverse peptides (2008)

Bacterial cell-surface display systems coupled with quantitative screening methods offer the potential to expand protein engineering capabilities. To more fully exploit this potential, a unique bacterial surface display scaffold was engineered to display peptides more efficiently from the surface exposed C- and N-termini of a circularly permuted outer membrane protein. Using directed evolution, efficient membrane localization of a circularly permuted OmpX (CPX) display scaffold was rescued, thereby improving the presentation of diverse passenger peptides on the cell surface. Random and targeted mutagenesis directed towards linkers joining the native N- and C-termini of OmpX coupled with screening by FACS yielded an enhanced CPX (eCPX) variant which localized to the outer membrane as efficiently as the non-permuted parent. Interestingly, enhancing substitutions coincided with a C-terminal motif conserved in outer membrane proteins. Surface localization of various passenger peptides and mini-proteins was expedited using eCPX relative to that achieved with the parent scaffold. The new variant also permitted simultaneous display and labeling of distinct peptides on structurally adjacent C- and N-termini, thus enabling display level normalization during library screening and the display of bidentate or dimeric peptides. Consequently, the evolved scaffold, eCPX, expands the range of applications for bacterial display. Finally, this approach provides a route to improve the performance of cell-surface display vectors for protein engineering and design.
The pharmacokinetics of coagulation factors (2006)

In this article, we provide a summary of the generally accepted approaches to the design and analysis of studies examining the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of an infused coagulation factor in patients with a deficiency of one or more of these factors. Furthermore, we briefly review the known PK results for various commercially available coagulation factor preparations under single and continuous infusion.
Studies of the degradation of organotin stabilizers in poly(vinyl chloride) during gamma irradiation (1987)

Abstract Organotin stabilizers of the type Bu 2 SnX 2 (X = SCH 2 CO 2 C 8 H 17 or O 2 CCHCHCO 2 C 8 H 17 ) present in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and subjected to varying doses of gamma irradiation in the range 1–200 kGy (0.1–20 Mrad) are shown to suffer degradation with dealkylation to form monobutyltin trichloride and tin(IV) chloride, which have been characterized by a subsequent alkylation procedure followed by gas chromatographic analysis. The extent of degradation of the stabilizers on prolonged gamma irradiation is much more severe than during thermal degradation leading to comparable blackening of the polymer.