gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[The effect of subcutaneous nitrosamine injections on the origin of tumors of the liver and their inhibition by vitamin C]. (1988)

Experiments were conducted on Wistar rats for the purpose of finding out, whether peroral vitamin C application is capable of inhibiting carcinogenesis through subcutaneous injection of nitrosamine. One group of animals received injections of N-nitrosodiethylamine, while high doses of vitamin C were additionally administered to a second group in drinking water. Vitamin C only was given to a third group (control). Numerous liver carcinomas developed in response to nitrosamine application. No numerical difference was found to exist between the groups with and without vitamin C.
Comparative bio-availability and activity of properietary topical corticosteroid preparations: vasoconstrictor assays on thirty-one ointments (1975)

Thirty-one proprietary corticosteroid ointments were evaluated for vasoconstriction using an occluded blanching test. The results were expressed as three parameters: (1) area under the blanching curve, (2) summed % total possible score, and (3) square root transformation of sum of scores divided by number of volunteers. Experiments were performed to (a) compare the bio-availability and activity of the ointments, (b) determine the effect of antimicrobial additivies, and (c) assess the retention of steroids in the skin. Scores for the additivie-containing and 'plain' preparations were within 90% except for Locorten-Vioform/Locorten (58%). A steroid reservoir in the skin was demonstrated lasting for 8-14 days. Selected preparations were re-tested by a non-occluded method. The results for the ointments were compared with those previously obtained using the corresponding creams.
Autoreactive T Cells in Healthy Individuals (2004)

The presence of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of healthy human subjects was investigated after removal of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). CD4(+) T cells that were directed against the type 1 diabetes-associated autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, the melanocyte differentiation Ag tyrosinase, and the cancer/testis tumor Ag NY-ESO-1 were readily derived from PBMC of healthy individuals. These autoreactive T cells could be visualized, using Ag-specific class II tetramer reagents, in the peripheral blood of most individuals examined. Addition of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg back to the CD4(+)CD25(-) population suppressed the expansion of the autoreactive T cells. Autoreactive T cells were cloned based on tetramer binding, and expressed characteristic activation markers upon self-Ag stimulation. These results show that autoreactive T cells are present in most healthy individuals and that Treg likely play an important role of keeping these autoreactive T cells in check.
Regulation of SRC-family protein tyrosine kinases by interleukins, IL-2, and IL-3. (1992)

Unlike many other growth factor receptors, the known subunits of the receptors for the Interleukins IL-2 and IL-3 lack intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, and yet increases in the phosphorylation of proteins on tyrosines is a rapid event in hematolymphoid cells following stimulation with these lymphokines. Here we show that IL-2 and IL-3 regulate the activity of specific members of the SRC-family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). In IL-2-dependent T-cell lines, IL-2 induced rapid and transient increases in the activity of the p56-LCK kinase without influencing the activities of other SRC-like PTKs (p59-FYN, p62-YES) in these T-lymphocytes. In contrast to IL-2's effects on p56-LCK in T-cells, studies of an IL-2-responsive cell line of the B-cell lineage that lacks p56-LCK revealed that IL-2 specifically regulates the activity of the p53/56-LYN kinase. Thus, some flexibility exists in the ability of various SRC-like PTKs to functionally couple to IL-2 signalling pathways. In several IL-3-dependent myeloid-committed leukemic cell lines, IL-3 was found to specifically regulate the activity of the p53/56-LYN kinase without affecting the activities of other SRC-like PTKs (p59/64-HCK, p59-FYN, p62-YES) in these hematopoietic cells. This finding that p53/56-LYN can be regulated by both IL-2 in B-lineage cells and IL-3 in myeloid-committed cells demonstrates that the same SRC-family PTK can participate in signal transduction events mediated via two independent receptor systems. Taken together, our findings imply that the specific combinations of lymphokine receptors and SRC-like PTKs available for coupling with those receptors are coordinately controlled during the differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
Involvement of Hyaluronan and Its Receptor CD44 with Choroidal Neovascularization (2009)

These results indicate a significant role of HA and its receptor CD44 in the development of CNV.
PRHLT Submission to the WMT12 Quality Estimation Task (2012)

This is a description of the submissions made by the pattern recognition and human language technology group (PRHLT) of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia to the quality estimation task of the seventh workshop on statistical machine translation (WMT12). We focus on two different issues: how to effectively combine subsequence-level features into sentence-level features, and how to select the most adequate subset of features. Results showed that an adequate selection of a subset of highly discriminative features can improve efficiency and performance of the quality estimation system.
Bioengineering and translational research. (2005)

Extinction coefficients of hemoglobin have been studied for five decades by clinical chemists and biochemists, particularly for laboratory spectrophotometric measurements. In the last ten to 15 years, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and imaging for tissue vascular oxygenation, breast tumor detection, and functional brain imaging have been intensively developed for in vivo measurements by groups of physicists, biomedical engineers, and mathematicians. In the approach of NIRS, NIR light in the wavelength range of 650-900 nm is utilized to illuminate tissue in vivo, and the transmitted or reflected light through tissue is recorded for the quantification of hemoglobin concentrations of the measured tissue vasculature. In order to achieve mathematical conversion from the detected light intensity at different wavelengths to hemoglobin concentration, extinction coefficients of hemoglobin, /spl epsiv/, must be used. While the engineers and physicists working in the NIR field have found the correct /spl epsiv/ values to use, there has been controversy on what /spl epsiv/ values should be used for in vivo NIRS in comparison with the conventional e/spl epsiv/ that most biochemists have used in the laboratories for in vitro measurements. The purpose of this article is to address this issue and help biomedical engineers and physicists gain a better understanding of e to be used for NIRS and NIR imaging.
A novel parametrization of the perspective-three-point problem for a direct computation of absolute camera position and orientation (2011)

The Perspective-Three-Point (P3P) problem aims at determining the position and orientation of the camera in the world reference frame from three 2D-3D point correspondences. This problem is known to provide up to four solutions that can then be disambiguated using a fourth point. All existing solutions attempt to first solve for the position of the points in the camera reference frame, and then compute the position and orientation of the camera in the world frame, which alignes the two point sets. In contrast, in this paper we propose a novel closed-form solution to the P3P problem, which computes the aligning transformation directly in a single stage, without the intermediate derivation of the points in the camera frame. This is made possible by introducing intermediate camera and world reference frames, and expressing their relative position and orientation using only two parameters. The projection of a world point into the parametrized camera pose then leads to two conditions and finally a quartic equation for finding up to four solutions for the parameter pair. A subsequent backsubstitution directly leads to the corresponding camera poses with respect to the world reference frame. We show that the proposed algorithm offers accuracy and precision comparable to a popular, standard, state-of-the-art approach but at much lower computational cost (15 times faster). Furthermore, it provides improved numerical stability and is less affected by degenerate configurations of the selected world points. The superior computational efficiency is particularly suitable for any RANSAC-outlier-rejection step, which is always recommended before applying PnP or non-linear optimization of the final solution.
A solubilizable acrylamide gel for electrophoresis (1970)

if used mole for mole in place of methylene-bis acrylamide in the preparation of acrylamide gels [l] results in a product which dissolves in 2% periodic acid in 20-30 min at room temperature or in ca. 10 min at 37'. The properties of the DATD gels are very similar to ordinary gels; they are not tacky, are readily sliced and stain in the usual fashion. The gels take somewhat longer to set, 1 hr being required for the frequently used 7% gel; they do not suffer if kept at room temperature overnight. In order to insure good solution of alkaline gels it is necessary to neutralize these with acetic acid before immersion in the periodic acid. Proteins are generally not attacked by periodic acid and can be recovered by ap propriate procedures after dissolution of the gels. Perio-
Therapeutic Inhibition of Jak Activity Inhibits Progression of Gastrointestinal Tumors in Mice (2014)

Aberrant activation of the latent transcription factor STAT3 and its downstream targets is a common feature of epithelial-derived human cancers, including those of the gastrointestinal tract. Mouse models of gastrointestinal malignancy implicate Stat3 as a key mediator of inflammatory-driven tumorigenesis, in which its cytokine/gp130/Janus kinase (Jak)-dependent activation provides a functional link through which the microenvironment sustains tumor promotion. Although therapeutic targeting of STAT3 is highly desirable, such molecules are not available for immediate clinical assessment. Here, we investigated whether the small-molecule Jak1/2 inhibitor AZD1480 confers therapeutic benefits in two mouse models of inflammation-associated gastrointestinal cancer, which are strictly dependent of excessive Stat3 activation. We confirm genetically that Cre-mediated, tumor cell-specific reduction of Stat3 expression arrests the growth of intestinal-type gastric tumors in gp130(F/F) mice. We find that systemic administration of AZD1480 readily replicates this effect, which is associated with reduced Stat3 activation and correlates with diminished tumor cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Likewise, AZD1480 therapy also conferred a cytostatic effect on established tumors in a colitis-associated colon cancer model in wild-type mice. As predicted from our genetic observations in gp130(F/F) mice, the therapeutic effect of AZD1480 remains fully reversible upon cessation of compound administration. Collectively, our results provide the first evidence that pharmacologic targeting of excessively activated wild-type Jak kinases affords therapeutic suppression of inflammation-associated gastrointestinal cancers progression in vivo.
Peripheral Nerve Stimulator for the Treatment of Supraorbital Neuralgia: A Retrospective Case Series (2008)

Peripheral nerve blocks of the supraorbital, supratrochlear or occipital nerve have been utilized for the relief of headaches, although relief may be short-lasting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supraorbital nerve stimulation for treatment of intractable supraorbital neuralgia. Patients presenting to the pain clinic with refractory frontal headaches who responded to a diagnostic supraorbital nerve block were selected for this case series. Patients underwent a trial of supraorbital nerve stimulation, and efficacy was assessed after 5-7 days (n = 16). From the trial, 10 patients consented to undergo permanent implantation of the stimulator. Opioid consumption and headache scores were monitored preoperatively and at timed intervals for 30 weeks. Headache scores decreased, and opioid consumption was reduced in half, and these beneficial accomplishments were maintained up to 30 weeks after implantation. In selected patients, supraorbital nerve stimulation for the treatment of chronic frontal headaches appears to be efficacious.
Human cytomegalovirus US3 impairs transport and maturation of major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chains. (1996)

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) early glycoprotein products of the US11 and US2 open reading frames cause increased turnover of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chains. Since US2 is homologous to another HCMV gene (US3), we hypothesized that the US3 gene product also may affect MHC class I expression. In cells constitutively expressing the HCMV US3 gene, MHC class I heavy chains formed a stable complex with beta 2-microglobulin. However, maturation of the N-linked glycan of MHC class I heavy chains was impaired in US3+ cells. The glycoprotein product of US3 (gpUS3) occurs mostly in a high-mannose form and coimmunoprecipitates with beta 2-microglobulin associated class I heavy chains. Mature class I molecules were detected at steady state on the surface of US3+ cells, as in control cells. Substantial perinuclear accumulation of heavy chains was observed in US3+ cells. The data suggest that gpUS3 impairs egress of MHC class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum.
SOX4 Expression in Bladder Carcinoma: Clinical Aspects and In vitro Functional Characterization (2006)

The human transcription factor SOX4 was 5-fold up-regulated in bladder tumors compared with normal tissue based on whole-genome expression profiling of 166 clinical bladder tumor samples and 27 normal urothelium samples. Using a SOX4-specific antibody, we found that the cancer cells expressed the SOX4 protein and, thus, did an evaluation of SOX4 protein expression in 2,360 bladder tumors using a tissue microarray with clinical annotation. We found a correlation (P < 0.05) between strong SOX4 expression and increased patient survival. When overexpressed in the bladder cell line HU609, SOX4 strongly impaired cell viability and promoted apoptosis. To characterize downstream target genes and SOX4-induced pathways, we used a time-course global expression study of the overexpressed SOX4. Analysis of the microarray data showed 130 novel SOX4-related genes, some involved in signal transduction (MAP2K5), angiogenesis (NRP2), and cell cycle arrest (PIK3R3) and others with unknown functions (CGI-62). Among the genes regulated by SOX4, 25 contained at least one SOX4-binding motif in the promoter sequence, suggesting a direct binding of SOX4. The gene set identified in vitro was analyzed in the clinical bladder material and a small subset of the genes showed a high correlation to SOX4 expression. The present data suggest a role of SOX4 in the bladder cancer disease.
Metacomputing (1992)

article Free Access Share on Metacomputing Authors: Larry Smarr National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile , Charles E. Catlett National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 35Issue 6June 1992 pp 44–52https://doi.org/10.1145/129888.129890Published:01 June 1992Publication History 250citation1,302DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations250Total Downloads1,302Last 12 Months48Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Comparison between the next generation impactor and the twin glass impinge as model pulmonary drug delivery devices (2019)

Background and objective: The British Pharmacopoeia contains four apparatus for testing inhalers. Two of these are the next generation impactor, and the twin glass impinge which differs in their use. The next generation impactor apparatus should ideally have at least five stages; even though the twin glass impinge has only two stages, it is still listed in the British Pharmacopoeia. The next generation impactor is more accurate, reliable and sophisticated than the twin glass impinger. This study gives a detailed comparison of the two pieces of equipment. Methods: Carriers including mannitol, lactose monohydrate, trehalose and sucrose with active pharmaceutical ingredient; salbutamol sulphate were delivered by dry powder inhaler using the next generation impactor and twin glass impinger at a constant flow rate of 60L/min. Results: The twin glass impinge respirable fractions of the powders were higher than the next generation impactor for each carrier. As expected, mannitol powder had the lowest percentage remaining in the capsule compared to lactose monohydrate, trehalose and sucrose had the greatest percentage remaining for both inhaler devices. Conclusion: Even though both apparatus are important for in-vitro studies of drug delivery into the lungs using inhaler devices, the next generation impactor is better suited when a specific size range is required. The twin glass impinger is useful for simple inhaler testing, and the inclusion within the British Pharmacopoeia is justified.
Increased Monocytic Activity and Biomarkers of Inflammation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes (2006)

Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased vascular complications, and monocytes are pivotal cells in atherogenesis. However, there are few data on monocyte function and inflammation in type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare monocyte function and biomarkers of inflammation in type 1 diabetic subjects without macrovascular disease with that in matched control subjects (n = 52 per group). Fasting blood was obtained for biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], plasma-soluble cell adhesion molecules [CAMs], monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, nitrotyrosine, CD40 ligand [CD40L], and monocyte function). High-sensitive CRP, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), sCD40L, and nitrotyrosine levels were significantly elevated in type 1 diabetic subjects compared with in control subjects (P < 0.05). Monocyte superoxide anion release was significantly increased in the resting (37%; P < 0.05) and activated state (26%; P < 0.005) in type 1 diabetic compared with in control subjects. Monocyte interleukin (IL)-6 levels were significantly elevated in type 1 diabetic subjects compared with in control subjects in the resting state (51%; P < 0.05) and after lipopolysaccharide activation (31%; P < 0.01). Monocyte IL-1beta levels were increased in the activated monocytes in type 1 diabetic compared with in control subjects. There were no significant differences in monocyte tumor necrosis factor levels or adhesion between the two groups. Thus type 1 diabetes is a proinflammatory state, as evidenced by increased levels of monocyte IL-6, superoxide anion, and plasma CRP, sICAM, sCD40L, and nitrotyrosine levels. These results have a major implication on our understanding of the role of inflammation in vasculopathies in type 1 diabetes.
Transmission scheduling in ad hoc networks with directional antennas (2002)

Directional antennas can adaptively select radio signals of interest in specific directions, while filtering out unwanted interference from other directions. Although a couple of medium access protocols based on random access schemes have been proposed for networks with directional antennas, they suffer from high probability of collisions because of their dependence on omnidirectional mode for the transmission or reception of control packets in order to establish directional links. We propose a distributed receiver-oriented multiple access (ROMA) channel access scheduling protocol for ad hoc networks with directional antennas, each of which can form multiple beams and commence several simultaneous communication sessions. Unlike random access schemes that use on-demand handshakes or signal scanning to resolve communication targets, ROMA determines a number of links for activation in every time slot using only two-hop topology information. It is shown that significant improvements on network throughput and delay can be achieved by exploiting the multi-beam forming capability of directional antennas in both transmission and reception. The performance of ROMA is studied by simulations, and compared with a well-know static scheduling scheme that is based on global topology information.
Tunneling and thermal emission of electrons from a distribution of shallow traps in SiO2 (1991)

Charging of existing oxide electron traps is found to be strongly oxide electric field dependent. The transition rate of trapped electrons tunneling into the oxide conduction band increases exponentially with increasing oxide field due to barrier thinning. Electron detrapping via tunnel emission is measured at 77 K using a new isochronal electric-field-stimulated emission technique which gives the energy spectrum of the charged oxide electron traps. The experimental spectrum peaks at 0.9 eV while the measured thermal activation for electron detrapping is about 0.4 eV which are consistent with the Mott ratio of the Jahn–Teller effect for the polar SiO2, 1.9.
Combination topical therapy in the treatment of acne. (2006)

Many medications are available for the management of acne. The armamentarium includes topical retinoids (ie, adapalene, tazarotene, tretinoin), antimicrobial and antibacterial agents (ie, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, erythromycin, sulfacetamide with or without sulfur), oral antibiotics (ie, doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline), hormonal agents (ie, oral contraceptives, spironolactone), and systemic retinoids (ie, isotretinoin). Acne usually is treated with combination therapy to address its multifactorial pathophysiology. The combination of clindamycin 1%-benzoyl peroxide 5% gel, available as a stable formulation in a single tube, is efficacious and well-tolerated. The product's excipients, glycerin and dimethicone, minimize treatment-related irritation, thereby increasing patient compliance. Clindamycin-benzoyl peroxide may be well-tolerated when applied with topical retinoids, creating a more targeted and complete treatment strategy.