gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trajectory-based ball detection and tracking with applications to semantic analysis of broadcast soccer video (2003)

This paper first presents an improved trajectory-based algorithm for automatically detecting and tracking the ball in broadcast soccer video. Unlike the object-based algorithms, our algorithm does not evaluate whether a sole object is a ball. Instead, it evaluates whether a candidate trajectory, which is generated from the candidate feature image by a candidate verification procedure based on Kalman filter,, which is generated from the candidate feature image by a candidate verification procedure based on Kalman filter, is a ball trajectory. Secondly, a new approach for automatically analyzing broadcast soccer video is proposed, which is based on the ball trajectory. The algorithms in this approach not only improve play-break analysis and high-level semantic event detection, but also detect the basic actions and analyze team ball possession, which may not be analyzed based only on the low-level feature. Moreover, experimental results show that our ball detection and tracking algorithm can achieve above 96% accuracy for the video segments with the soccer field. Compared with the existing methods, a higher accuracy is achieved on goal detection and play-break segmentation. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first solution in detecting the basic actions such as touching and passing, and analyzing the team ball possession in broadcast soccer video.
Localized Oncolytic Virotherapy Overcomes Systemic Tumor Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy (2014)

Preexisting lymphocytic infiltration of tumors is associated with superior prognostic outcomes in a variety of cancers. Recent studies also suggest that lymphocytic responses may identify patients more likely to benefit from therapies targeting immune checkpoints, suggesting that therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade can be enhanced through strategies that induce tumor inflammation. To achieve this effect, we explored the immunotherapeutic potential of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV). We find that localized intratumoral therapy of B16 melanoma with NDV induces inflammatory responses, leading to lymphocytic infiltrates and antitumor effect in distant (nonvirally injected) tumors without distant virus spread. The inflammatory effect coincided with distant tumor infiltration with tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, which was dependent on the identity of the virus-injected tumor. Combination therapy with localized NDV and systemic CTLA-4 blockade led to rejection of preestablished distant tumors and protection from tumor rechallenge in poorly immunogenic tumor models, irrespective of tumor cell line sensitivity to NDV-mediated lysis. Therapeutic effect was associated with marked distant tumor infiltration with activated CD8(+) and CD4(+) effector but not regulatory T cells, and was dependent on CD8(+) cells, natural killer cells, and type I interferon. Our findings demonstrate that localized therapy with oncolytic NDV induces inflammatory immune infiltrates in distant tumors, making them susceptible to systemic therapy with immunomodulatory antibodies, which provides a strong rationale for investigation of such combination therapies in the clinic.
Induced Hypothermia for Infants With Hypoxic- Ischemic Encephalopathy Using a Servo-Controlled Fan: An Exploratory Pilot Study (2009)

Servo-controlled fan cooling with room-temperature air, combined with servo-controlled radiant warming, was an effective, simple, and safe method of inducing and maintaining rectal temperatures of 33 degrees C to 34 degrees C in sedated infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. After induction of hypothermia, a low fan speed facilitated accurate temperature control, and warmer-controlled rewarming at 0.2 degrees C increments every 30 minutes resulted in more appropriate rewarming than when 0.5 degrees C increments every hour were used.
Cortical surface registration for image-guided neurosurgery using laser-range scanning (2003)

In this paper, a method of acquiring intraoperative data using a laser range scanner (LRS) is presented within the context of model-updated image-guided surgery. Registering textured point clouds generated by the LRS to tomographic data is explored using established point-based and surface techniques as well as a novel method that incorporates geometry and intensity information via mutual information (SurfaceMI). Phantom registration studies were performed to examine accuracy and robustness for each framework. In addition, an in vivo registration is performed to demonstrate feasibility of the data acquisition system in the operating room. Results indicate that SurfaceMI performed better in many cases than point-based (PBR) and iterative closest point (ICP) methods for registration of textured point clouds. Mean target registration error (TRE) for simulated deep tissue targets in a phantom were 1.0 +/- 0.2, 2.0 +/- 0.3, and 1.2 +/- 0.3 mm for PBR, ICP, and SurfaceMI, respectively. With regard to in vivo registration, the mean TRE of vessel contour points for each framework was 1.9 +/- 1.0, 0.9 +/- 0.6, and 1.3 +/- 0.5 for PBR, ICP, and SurfaceMI, respectively. The methods discussed in this paper in conjunction with the quantitative data provide impetus for using LRS technology within the model-updated image-guided surgery framework.
Sequence variants of the axin gene in breast, colon, and other cancers: An analysis of mutations that interfere with GSK3 binding (2000)

Axin is a recently discovered component of a multiprotein complex containing APC, beta-catenin, GSK3, and PP2A, which functions in the degradation of the beta-catenin protein. As part of WNT signal transduction, the function of the Axin complex is inhibited, leading to the accumulation of beta-catenin. The inappropriate stabilization of beta-catenin has been implicated in a range of human tumors. Two oncogenic mechanisms leading to beta-catenin stabilization are the loss of the APC tumor suppressor protein and the mutational activation of beta-catenin, such that the Axin/APC complex can no longer regulate it. Studies in Drosophila and mammalian tissue culture showed loss of Axin function interfered with beta-catenin turnover and activated beta-catenin/TCF-dependent transcription. Based on these observations, Axin was screened for mutations in a range of human tumor cell lines and primary breast tumor samples. We identified two sequence variants causing amino acid substitutions in four colon cancer cell lines, a Ser-to-Leu at residue 215 in LS513 and a Leu-to-Met at residue 396 in HCT-8, HCT-15, and DLD-1. The Axin L396M mutation was selected for further study since it lay within a region that was shown to interact with glycogen synthase kinase-3. Biochemical and functional studies showed that the L396M change interfered with Axin's ability to bind GSK3. Interestingly, this mutation and a neighboring L392M change differentially altered Axin's ability to interfere with two upstream activators of TCF-dependent transcription, Frat1 and Disheveled.
Bicarbonate: Carbon-Dioxide Regulation of Sperm Capacitation, Hyperactivated Motility, and Acrosome Reactions1 (1991)

The bicarbonate: CO2 (HCO3-:CO2) concentration dependencies of hamster sperm motility, spontaneous acrosome reactions, and zona penetration (used to assay the zona-induced acrosome reaction) were examined. A cross-over experimental design was used to segregate effects on early stages of capacitation, spanning the first 5 h of incubation, from those on acrosome reactions and zona penetration during the last 1 h. After 5 h, HCO3-:CO2 concentrations were increased, decreased, or kept the same for 1 h. Compared to no HCO3-:CO2, as little as 2.9 mM: 0.6% HCO3-:CO2 increased the sperm motility index (MI) by 2.7-3.6 times. When HCO3-:CO2 was continuously present, both progressive and hyperactivated motility were stimulated by HCO3-:CO2 in a dose-dependent manner by 3-4 h, well before completion of capacitation. Stimulation of acrosome reactions or zona penetration, by addition of HCO3-:CO2 to sperm for 1 h late in capacitation, depended mainly on levels of HCO3-:CO2 present earlier in capacitation. When 25 mM: 5% HCO3-:CO2 was added only at 5 h, responses were significantly lower than with sperm treated continuously with the same concentration of HCO3-:CO2, being 2.5 times lower for MI, 2 times lower for acrosome reactions, and 6.3 times lower for zona penetration. In contrast, decreasing HCO3-:CO2 to suboptimal levels after 5 h did not decrease any 6-h sperm responses significantly. The average maximal and one-half maximal preincubation HCO3- concentrations for all responses were 34.2 +/- 1.0 and 9.2 +/- 0.3 mM, respectively. Zona penetration and hyperactivation were highly correlated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analysis of the yopA gene encoding the Yop1 virulence determinants of Yersinia spp. (1989)

The Yop proteins of Yersinia are important virulence determinants. The Yop1 protein sequences of Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and two Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes, 0:3 and 0:8, deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the corresponding yopA genes, were compared. Most differences were found in the hydrophilic domains of the proteins, whereas the hydrophobic domains were conserved. The amino acid sequences revealed a signal sequence 25 amino acids long. No cysteine residues were present, even though Yop1 forms a polymeric structure. The transcription startpoint of yopA was determined by primer extension. The coding region and transcription startpoint were separated by a leader sequence 270 nucleotides long. The yopA promoter sequence of Y.pestis is identical to the corresponding sequence of Y. pseudotuberculosis and transcription studies revealed that this promoter is active in Y.pestis. Thus, the inability of Y.pestis to express the Yop1 protein is due to a single base pair deletion in the coding region of the yopA gene of Y.pestis.
A global enhancement pipeline for low-cost imaging devices (2003)

The paper describes a suitable algorithms pipelineable to enhance the picture quality in terms of both measured and perceived quality. The overall pipeline is mainly devoted to improve image acquired by low cost imaging sensors, typically present in consumer devices (i.e. mobile phone, web-cams, PDA, etc). A series of ad-hoc heuristics and techniques have been applied, taking into account main compression artifacts, chromatic and geometric distortions, etc.. Experimental results show effectiveness of the proposed pipeline.
RNA interference (RNAi)‐induced suppression of nicotine demethylase activity reduces levels of a key carcinogen in cured tobacco leaves (2008)

Technologies for reducing the levels of tobacco product constituents that may contribute to unwanted health effects are desired. Target compounds include tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), a class of compounds generated through the nitrosation of pyridine alkaloids during the curing and processing of tobacco. Studies have reported the TSNA N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) to be carcinogenic in laboratory animals. NNN is formed via the nitrosation of nornicotine, a secondary alkaloid produced through enzymatic N-demethylation of nicotine. Strategies to lower nornicotine levels in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) could lead to a corresponding decrease in NNN accumulation in cured leaves. The major nicotine demethylase gene of tobacco has recently been isolated. In this study, a large-scale field trial was conducted to evaluate transgenic lines of burley tobacco carrying an RNA interference (RNAi) construct designed to inhibit the expression of this gene. Selected transgenic lines exhibited a six-fold decrease in nornicotine content relative to untransformed controls. Analysis of cured leaves revealed a commensurate decrease in NNN and total TSNAs. The inhibition of nicotine demethylase activity is an effective means of decreasing significantly the level of a key defined animal carcinogen present in tobacco products.
Transparent and Conductive Films of SnO2-ZnO Alternate Multilayer Obtained by Sol-Gel Method (2009)

Sol-gel prepared by the turn of ZnO-SnO2 thin films, with process equipment easy, low-temperature post-processing of the substrate require relatively wide, easy-quantitative characteristics of doped, Through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the composition and morphology of samples were analyzed and Characterization, surveying found that with increasing temperature the resistance of thin films become smaller, better conductivity.
Predictors and Trends Following Intestinal Transplantation (2017)

Introduction: Intestinal transplantation (ITx) outcomes have improved significantly over the past twenty-five years, yet the field remains challenged by relatively high rates of infection and rejection, and guarded long-term survival outcomes. The specific aims of this study were to review a large, single center twenty-five year experience and identify variables which have influenced outcomes. Methods: All recipients of ITx from 1991–2016 were included from an IRB approved prospective database. Over forty demographic, laboratory and technical pre and peri-ITx variables were included. Standard statistical analyses were performed including t-test for variable comparison, Kaplan Meier for survival and Log Rank test for univariate analysis. Results: 146 ITx were performed in 124 recipients. The majority were male (59%), Latino (53%), children (67%) with surgical short bowel etiologies (79%). The types of transplants included isolated intestine (22%), liver-intestine (52%), multivisceral (MVT, 20%), and modified MVT (m-MVT, 6%). At ITx, 45% were hospitalized and the mean calculated MELD/PELD score was 15 ± 12. Mean total ischemia time was 7.5 ± 1.9 hrs. IL2RA was the most common induction immunosuppression (58%) followed by ATG (29%). Mean time intubated was: 8 ± 12 days, initial ICU stay: 23 ± 22 days, and initial LOS 78 ± 40 days. Mean patient follow-up time was 76 ± 63 months. Major complications included acute rejection (59%), PTLD (16%), CMV tissue-invasive disease (7%), and GVHD (3%). 5-YR overall patient and graft survival was 66% and 55. The most common causes of patient death and graft loss were infection and rejection. Statistically (p < = 0.05) better graft survival was noted with: children <20 kg, liver-inclusive grafts, PRA <20%, absence of DSA, negative T-cell crossmatch, WIT <60 Min, temporary transplantation of donor spleen. Strong predictors of improved patient survival were low MELD/PELD at transplant, CrCl >90, CIT <10 hr, WIT <60 min, temporary transplantation of donor spleen, IL2RA induction immunosuppression. Conclusions: This large, single-center experience confirms that a number of challenges including rejection, DSAs, infection and PTLD remain for ITx recipients. Analysis reveals several factors which predict poor outcomes, some of which can be manipulated in an effort to further improve survival after ITx.
Specific pharmacological dimerization of KDR in lentivirally transduced human hematopoietic cells activates antiapoptotic and proliferative mechanisms (2005)

Selective and regulatable expansion of transduced cells could augment gene therapy for many disorders. The activation of modified growth factor receptors via synthetic chemical inducers of dimerization allows for the coordinated growth of transduced cells. This system can also provide information on specific receptor-mediated signaling without interference from other family members. Although several receptor subunits have been investigated in this context, little is known about the precise molecular events associated with dimerizer-initiated signaling. We have constructed and expressed an AP20187-regulated KDR chimeric receptor in human TF1 cells and analyzed activation of this gene switch using functional, biochemical, and microarray analyses. When deprived of natural ligands, GM-CSF, interleukin-3, or erythropoietin, AP20187 prevented apoptosis of transduced TF1 cells, induced dose-dependent proliferation, and supported long-term growth. In addition, AP20187 stimulation activated the signaling molecules associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase/Akt pathways. Microarray analysis determined that a number of transcripts involved in a variety of cellular processes were differentially expressed. Notably, mRNAs affiliated with heat stress, including Hsp70 and Hsp105, were up-regulated. Functional assays showed that Hsp70 and Hsp105 protected transduced TF1 cells from apoptosis and premature senescence, in part through regulation of Akt. These observations delineate specific roles for kinase insert domain-containing receptor, or KDR, signaling and suggest strategies to endow genetically modified cells with a survival advantage enabling the generation of adequate cell numbers for therapeutic outcomes.
Survival Benefits of Intensive Insulin Therapy in Critical Illness (2006)

Tight blood glucose control with insulin reduces morbidity and mortality of critically ill patients. However, the relative impact of maintaining normoglycemia and of glycemia-independent actions of insulin remains unknown. We therefore independently manipulated blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in burn-injured, parentally fed rabbits over 7 days to obtain four study groups: two normoglycemic groups with either normal or elevated insulin levels and two hyperglycemic groups with either normal or elevated insulin levels. We studied the relative impact of glycemia and glycemia-independent effects of insulin on survival; myocardial contractility in an open chest preparation; endothelial function in isolated aortic rings; and liver, kidney, and leukocyte function in a rabbit model of critical illness. Mortality was significantly lower in the two normoglycemic groups independent of insulin levels. Maintaining normoglycemia, independent of insulin levels, prevented endothelial dysfunction as well as liver and kidney injury. To increase myocardial systolic function, elevated insulin levels and prevention of hyperglycemia were required concomitantly. Leukocyte dysfunction was present in the two hyperglycemic groups, which could in part be rescued by insulin. The results suggest that the observed benefits of intensive insulin therapy required mainly maintenance of normoglycemia; whereas glycemia-independent actions of insulin exerted only minor, organ-specific impact.
Exploring Type-and-Identity-Based Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme to Securely Manage Personal Health Records (2010)

Commercial Web-based Personal-Health Record (PHR) systems can help patients to share their personal health records (PHRs) anytime from anywhere. PHRs are very sensitive data and an inappropriate disclosure may cause serious problems to an individual. Therefore commercial Web-based PHR systems have to ensure that the patient health data is secured using state-of-the-art mechanisms. In current commercial PHR systems, even though patients have the power to define the access control policy on who can access their data, patients have to trust entirely the access-control manager of the commercial PHR system to properly enforce these policies. Therefore patients hesitate to upload their health data to these systems as the data is processed unencrypted on untrusted platforms. Recent proposals on enforcing access control policies exploit the use of encryption techniques to enforce access control policies. In such systems, information is stored in an encrypted form by the third party and there is no need for an access control manager. This implies that data remains confidential even if the database maintained by the third party is compromised. In this paper we propose a new encryption technique called a type-and-identity-based proxy re-encryption scheme which is suitable to be used in the healthcare setting. The proposed scheme allows users (patients) to securely store their PHRs on commercial Web-based PHRs, and securely share their PHRs with other users (doctors).
Knockdown of Dopamine D2 Receptors in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Suppresses Methamphetamine-Induced Behaviors and Signal Transduction in Mice (2014)

These findings suggest that a D₂ receptor-mediated neuronal pathway from the nucleus accumbens core plays an inhibitory role in the development of reinforcing properties.
Study of Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone Versus Dexamethasone Alone in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM): Results of a Phase 3 Study (MM-010). (2005)

Abstract High-dose dexamethasone (Dex) remains a standard therapy for relapsed or refractory MM. Lenalidomide is a novel, orally administered, immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) that has single-agent activity against MM and additive effects when combined with Dex. In this phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial, 351 patients with relapsed or refractory MM were enrolled from clinical centers in Europe, Israel, and Australia. Patients were treated with Dex 40 mg daily on days 1–4, 9–12, and 17–20 every 28 days and were randomized to receive either lenalidomide 25 mg daily orally on days 1–21 every 28 days or placebo. Beginning at cycle 5, the dose intensity of Dex was reduced to 40 mg daily on days 1–4 only every 28 days. Patients resistant to Dex were excluded. Patients were stratified with respect to B2M (≤ 2.5 vs. &amp;gt; 2.5 mg/mL), prior stem cell transplant (none vs. ≥1), and number of prior regimens (1 vs &amp;gt; 1). A pre-planned interim analysis of time to progression (TTP; primary endpoint), response (Blade criteria), and safety data was performed by an independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) when at least half the number of disease progressions required for full statistical power had occurred (50% information). The treatment arms were well balanced for prognostic features. With a study duration of 18 months, the median TTP for patients treated with the combination of lenalidomide plus Dex was 13.3 months compared to 5.1 months for patients treated with Dex and placebo (p &amp;lt; 0.000001). The overall response rate was greater in patients who received lenalidomide plus Dex than in patients who were given Dex alone (58% vs. 22%; p &amp;lt; 0.001). Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia adverse events were reported more frequently in patients given combination therapy than in patients treated Dex alone (16.5% vs. 1.2%), however grade 3 or 4 infections were reported with similar frequencies between treatment groups. Thromboembolic events occurred in 8.5% of patients in the lenalidomide/Dex group and in 4.5% of patients in the Dex alone group. Otherwise, the safety profile of lenalidomide/Dex was similar to that of Dex alone. Conclusion: Combination lenalidomide/Dex is a relatively well-tolerated and active oral regimen for patients with relapsed or refractory MM. The difference in TTP between the 2 arms surpassed the pre-specified O’Brien-Fleming boundary for superior efficacy (p &amp;lt; 0.0015) and the IDMC recommended the data be released to all study participants. Prophylactic antithrombotic therapy should be considered for patients undergoing treatment with lenalidomide/Dex. These data support further evaluation of this combination in previously untreated patients with MM.