gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under the control of the Escherichia coli consensus promoter (1987)

Promoter probe fragments containing either the Escherichia coli lacZ (β-galactosidase) gene or the Pseudomonas aeruginosa proC (Δ1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate reductase) gene were fused to the E. coli consensus (tac) promoter and cloned into the broad-host-range vector plasmid pKT240, which also carried the lacIQ repressor gene. Upon induction with isopropyl β-d-thiogalactoside similarly high lacZ and proC enzyme levels were obtained in both E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The E. coli argF promoter, which deviates from the consensus sequence, was clearly less efficient in both hosts. We conclude that the tac/lacIQ system functions well in P. aeruginosa and that no major expression barrier exists between E. coli and P. aeruginosa at the translational level.
XIAP Interaction with E2F1 and Sp1 via its BIR2 and BIR3 domains specific activated MMP2 to promote bladder cancer invasion (2019)

XIAP has generally been thought to function in bladder cancer. However, the potential function of structure-based function of XIAP in human BC invasion has not been well explored before. We show here that ectopic expression of the BIR domains of XIAP specifically resulted in MMP2 activation and cell invasion in XIAP-deleted BC cells, while Src was further defined as an XIAP downstream negative regulator for MMP2 activation and BC cell invasion. The inhibition of Src expression by the BIR domains was caused by attenuation of Src protein translation upon miR-203 upregulation; which was resulted from direct interaction of BIR2 and BIR3 with E2F1 and Sp1, respectively. The interaction of BIR2/BIR3 with E2F1/Sp1 unexpectedly occurred, which could be blocked by serum-induced XIAP translocation. Taken together, our studies, for the first time revealed that: (1) BIR2 and BIR3 domains of XIAP play their role in cancer cell invasion without affecting cell migration by specific activation of MMP2 in human BC cells; (2) by BIR2 interacting with E2F1 and BIR3 interacting with Sp1, XIAP initiates E2F1/Sp1 positive feedback loop-dependent transcription of miR-203, which in turn inhibits Src protein translation, further leading to MMP2-cleaved activation; (3) XIAP interaction with E2F1 and Sp1 is observed in the nucleus. Our findings provide novel insights into understanding the specific function of BIR2 and BIR3 of XIAP in BC invasion, which will be highly significant for the design/synthesis of new BIR2/BIR3-based compounds for invasive BC treatment.
47Radiofrequency balloon catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, RADIANCE STUDY–a UK experience (2017)

Background: Atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) are common in Fontan patients and may cause grave haemodynamic compromise. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has a role in this group of patients but access to the target chamber may be challenging if the arrhythmia originates from the excluded native atrium. Patients who have undergone lateral tunnel surgery may also have significant substrate within the intracardiac tunnel itself and it is possible that transbaffle puncture or a retrograde approach may not be necessary. In approaching these cases, there are limited data on which to base a radiofrequency ablation (RFA) strategy. We present our experience of RFA in patients with univentricular physiology who have undergone a lateral tunnel procedure. Methods: Retrospective analyses of lateral tunnel Fontan patients undergoing AT ablation at a single centre over five years (2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) were included. All procedures were performed using electroanatomic mapping systems. CT integrated images were available for the vast majority. Data were collected from a prospective registry and electronic health records. Patients were contacted for follow-up data where necessary. Results: 9 ablations in 8 patients. 55% patients were men with a mean age of 31yrs. 4 out of 8 patients (50%) were AP Fontans with subsequent lateral tunnel conversions. Mean age at conversion was 16yrs. 50% of the patients had a pacemaker at the time of ablation. All patients were anticoagulated with warfarin. Mean ventricular ejection fraction was 46611%. AF was documented in 25% of the cases. Multiple tachycardias (3) were induced in two patients. Mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) was 328657.88 ms. Irrigated bi-directional ST ablation catheter and Agilis sheath were used in vast majority of the cases. In 44% of the cases the TCL was covered within the tunnel. In two of the nine patients, DCCV to SR was required at the end of the case. Mean procedure time was 162 min and mean fluoroscopy time of 34622 min. There were no reported complications. Arrhythmia-free survival was 56% over a median follow-up of 20 mths. One patient required a second procedure over the follow-up period. Conclusions: RFA is a safe and effective therapeutic option in patients with previous lateral tunnel Fontan surgery. A large proportion have AT that are entirely mappable within the tunnel and do not require transbaffle puncture or retrograde arterial access. Arrhythmia-free survival is good at 1.5 yrs. This should be considered as a first line treatment option in this group of patients.
Self-report scales/checklists for the measurement of concussion symptoms: a systematic review (2009)

Six core scales were identified with a broad range of symptom items but with limited information on their psychometric properties. There were numerous derivative scales reported, most of which have not been methodically developed or subjected to scientific scrutiny. Despite this, they do make a contribution to the detection, assessment and return to play decisions but there is a need for the clinical user to be aware that many of these scales have "evolved" rather than being scientifically developed.
Active Crohnʼs disease and ulcerative colitis can be specifically diagnosed and monitored based on the biostructure of the fecal flora (2007)

The fecal flora is highly structured and spatially organized. Diagnosing IBD and monitoring disease activity can be performed based on analysis of punched fecal cylinders independent from the patient's complaints.
Syn2Real: A New Benchmark forSynthetic-to-Real Visual Domain Adaptation (2018)

Unsupervised transfer of object recognition models from synthetic to real data is an important problem with many potential applications. The challenge is how to "adapt" a model trained on simulated images so that it performs well on real-world data without any additional supervision. Unfortunately, current benchmarks for this problem are limited in size and task diversity. In this paper, we present a new large-scale benchmark called Syn2Real, which consists of a synthetic domain rendered from 3D object models and two real-image domains containing the same object categories. We define three related tasks on this benchmark: closed-set object classification, open-set object classification, and object detection. Our evaluation of multiple state-of-the-art methods reveals a large gap in adaptation performance between the easier closed-set classification task and the more difficult open-set and detection tasks. We conclude that developing adaptation methods that work well across all three tasks presents a significant future challenge for syn2real domain transfer.
<title>Single-fiber flexible endoscope: general design for small size, high resolution, and wide field of view</title> (2001)

Flexible endoscopes currently used in medicine have a fundamental tradeoff. Either resolution or field of view (FOV) is sacrificed when the scope diameter is less than 3 mm, since the minimum pixel size is usually greater than 4 microns in a pixel-array such as a camera or fiber bundle. Thus, the number of pixels within the image plane determines the minimum size of a conventional scope. However, an image plane is not required for image acquisition using a scanning single-fiber scope. Both high resolution and wide FOV are possible in a scanning single-fiber scope of 1 to 2 mm in diameter. The technical challenge is to produce a two- dimensional scanned beam of light at the distal tip of the scope. By manipulating a resonant fiberoptic cantilever as the optical scanner, various 2-D scan patterns can be produced. The general design concepts and analyses of the fiberoptic scanner for scaling to small size and high resolution/FOV are reviewed. In our initial experimental tests, the size of the photon detector in a fiberoptic scanning scope is demonstrated to not affect image resolution, unlike existing endoscopes with pixel-based detector systems.
Design, fabrication, and characterization of form-birefringent multilayer polarizing beam splitter (1997)

Polarizing beam splitters that use the anisotropic spectral reflectivity (ASR) characteristic of high-spatial-frequency multilayer binary gratings have been designed, fabricated, and characterized. Using the ASR effect with rigorous coupled-wave analysis, we design an optical element that is transparent for TM polarization and reflective for TE polarization at an arbitrary incidence angle and operational wavelength. The experiments with the fabricated element demonstrate a high efficiency (&gt;97%), with polarization extinction ratios higher than 220:1 at a wavelength of 1.523 μm over a 20° angular bandwidth by means of the ASR characteristics of the device. These ASR devices combine many useful characteristics, such as compactness, low insertion loss, high efficiency, and broad angular and spectral bandwidth operations.
Structural Characterization of High Molecular Weight Starch Granule-Bound Proteins in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1997)

Starch granule-bound proteins in endosperms of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) included at least one major protein with a molecular weight of 61 000 (Wx protein: starch granule-bound starch synthase) and six minor proteins with molecular weights of 115 000, 108 000, 100 000, 92 000, 80 000, and 15 000 (SGP-A1, -D1, -B1, -2, -3, and friabilin, respectively). Peptide mapping of SGP-A1, -D1, -B1, -2, and -3 indicated that the primary structures of SGP-A1, -D1, and -B1 are highly homologous but differ considerably from that of SGP-2. The internal sequences of peptides obtained from SGP-D1, -2, and -3 showed that SGP-D1 and SGP-3 are structurally similar to rice soluble starch synthase, whereas SGP-2 has homology to rice starch branching enzyme 3. These results are in agreement with results of immunological and enzymatic studies suggesting that SGP-A1, -D1, -B1, and -3 are types of soluble starch synthases and that SGP-2 is a starch branching enzyme. Keywords: Starch granule-bound protein; amino acid sequence; wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Time Series: Theory and Methods (1992)

1 Stationary Time Series.- 2 Hilbert Spaces.- 3 Stationary ARMA Processes.- 4 The Spectral Representation of a Stationary Process.- 5 Prediction of Stationary Processes.- 6* Asymptotic Theory.- 7 Estimation of the Mean and the Autocovariance Function.- 8 Estimation for ARMA Models.- 9 Model Building and Forecasting with ARIMA Processes.- 10 Inference for the Spectrum of a Stationary Process.- 11 Multivariate Time Series.- 12 State-Space Models and the Kalman Recursions.- 13 Further Topics.- Appendix: Data Sets.
Cinema and Society in Imperial Germany 1905-1918 (1990)

Cinema and Society in Imperial Germany 1905–1918 Get access David A. Welch David A. Welch Polytechnic of Central London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar German History, Volume 8, Issue 1, January 1990, Pages 28–45, https://doi.org/10.1093/gh/8.1.28 Published: 01 January 1990
Role of CD8+Lymphocytes in Control and Clearance of Measles Virus Infection of Rhesus Monkeys (2003)

The creation of an improved vaccine for global measles control will require an understanding of the immune mechanisms of measles virus containment. To assess the role of CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes in measles virus clearance, rhesus monkeys were depleted of CD8(+) lymphocytes by monoclonal anti-CD8 antibody infusion and challenged with wild-type measles virus. The CD8(+) lymphocyte-depleted animals exhibited a more extensive rash, higher viral loads at the peak of virus replication, and a longer duration of viremia than did the control antibody-treated animals. These findings indicate a central role for CD8(+) lymphocytes in the control of measles virus infections and the importance of eliciting a cell-mediated immune response in new measles vaccine strategies.
High-Performance Flexible Hybrid Field-Effect Transistors Based on Cellulose Fiber Paper (2008)

In this letter, we report for the first time the use of a sheet of cellulose-fiber-based paper as the dielectric layer used in oxide-based semiconductor thin-film field-effect transistors (FETs). In this new approach, we are using the cellulose-fiber-based paper in an ldquointerstraterdquo structure since the device is built on both sides of the cellulose sheet. Such hybrid FETs present excellent operating characteristics such as high channel saturation mobility,(> 30 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> / vs drain-source current on/off modulation ratio of approximately 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> , near-zero threshold voltage, enhancement n-type operation, and subthreshold gate voltage swing of 0.8 V/decade. The cellulose-fiber-based paper FETs' characteristics have been measured in air ambient conditions and present good stability, after two months of being processed. The obtained results outpace those of amorphous Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) and rival with the same oxide-based TFTs produced on either glass or crystalline silicon substrates. The compatibility of these devices with large-scale/large-area deposition techniques and low-cost substrates as well as their very low operating bias delineates this as a promising approach to attain high-performance disposable electronics like paper displays, smart labels, smart packaging, RFID, and point-of-care systems for self-analysis in bioapplications, among others.
Antibody-Mediated Targeting of the Orai1 Calcium Channel Inhibits T Cell Function (2013)

Despite the attractiveness of ion channels as therapeutic targets, there are no examples of monoclonal antibodies directed against ion channels in clinical development. Antibody-mediated inhibition of ion channels could offer a directed, specific therapeutic approach. To investigate the potential of inhibiting ion channel function with an antibody, we focused on Orai1, the pore subunit of the calcium channel responsible for store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in T cells. Effector T cells are key drivers of autoimmune disease pathogenesis and calcium signaling is essential for T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. We show here the generation of a specific anti-human Orai1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against an extracellular loop of the plasma membrane-spanning protein. The anti-Orai1 mAb binds native Orai1 on lymphocytes and leads to cellular internalization of the channel. As a result, T cell proliferation, and cytokine production is inhibited in vitro. In vivo, anti-Orai1 mAb is efficacious in a human T cell-mediated graft-versus host disease (GvHD) mouse model. This study demonstrates the feasibility of antibody-mediated inhibition of Orai1 function and, more broadly, reveals the possibility of targeting ion channels with biologics for the treatment of autoimmunity and other diseases.
Clinical Significance of PS_2 Gene Expression in Breast Cancer (2002)

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the extrogen regulated protein PS 2 expression in breast cancer. Methods To study the relationship of the PS 2 to ER PR and prognosis, 48 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast tissue slide were stained and detected by S P immunohistochemical method with the monoclonal antibody of PS 2. Results The positive rate of PS 2 was 67.9% in the patients with ER(+), PR(+). And it was 12.5% with ER(-) and PR(-)( P 0.01). The PS 2 expression was positively correlative with the expression of the ER and survival time of patients. Conclusion PS 2 is better than ER, PR to predict the curative effect of anti extrogen and it may serve as a indicator to predict the biological behaviors of breast cancer patients. The progrosis of patients with PS expression will be better.
Unilateral ischemic sensorimotor cortical damage induces contralesional synaptogenesis and enhances skilled reaching with the ipsilateral forelimb in adult male rats (2004)

Unilateral damage to the forelimb representation area of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) results in a compensatory reliance on the unimpaired (ipsilateral to the lesion) forelimb as well as reorganization of neuronal structure and connectivity in the contralateral motor cortex. Recently, male rats with unilateral electrolytic SMC lesions were found to have enhanced skilled reaching performance with the ipsilesional forelimb compared with sham-operated controls. The present study was performed to determine whether these behavioral findings are replicable using an ischemic lesion and whether there is a link between the enhanced learning and synaptogenesis in motor cortical layer V opposite the trained limb and lesion, as assessed using stereological methods for light and electron microscopy. Rats were given a sham operation or an endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced ischemic SMC lesion. They were then trained for 20 days on a skilled reaching task with the unimpaired limb or received control procedures. As with previous findings using electrolytic lesions, rats with unilateral ischemic SMC lesions performed significantly better using the unimpaired forelimb than did sham-operates. Lesions, but not training, significantly increased the total number of motor cortical layer V synapses per neuron as well as the number of perforated and multisynaptic bouton (MSB) synapses per neuron compared with shams. Thus, in addition to a net increase in synapses, the improved reaching ability was coupled with an increase in synapse subtypes that have previously been linked to enhanced synaptic efficacy. The failure to induce synaptogenesis in layer V with reach training alone is in contrast to previous findings and may be related to training intensity.
Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and ugly (1996)

Nitric oxide contrasts with most intercellular messengers because it diffuses rapidly and isotropically through most tissues with little reaction but cannot be transported through the vasculature due to rapid destruction by oxyhemoglobin. The rapid diffusion of nitric oxide between cells allows it to locally integrate the responses of blood vessels to turbulence, modulate synaptic plasticity in neurons, and control the oscillatory behavior of neuronal networks. Nitric oxide is not necessarily short lived and is intrinsically no more reactive than oxygen. The reactivity of nitric oxide per se has been greatly overestimated in vitro because no drain is provided to remove nitric oxide. Nitric oxide persists in solution for several minutes in micromolar concentrations before it reacts with oxygen to form much stronger oxidants like nitrogen dioxide. Nitric oxide is removed within seconds in vivo by diffusion over 100 microns through tissues to enter red blood cells and react with oxyhemoglobin. The direct toxicity of nitric oxide is modest but is greatly enhanced by reacting with superoxide to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-). Nitric oxide is the only biological molecule produced in high enough concentrations to out-compete superoxide dismutase for superoxide. Peroxynitrite reacts relatively slowly with most biological molecules, making peroxynitrite a selective oxidant. Peroxynitrite modifies tyrosine in proteins to create nitrotyrosines, leaving a footprint detectable in vivo. Nitration of structural proteins, including neurofilaments and actin, can disrupt filament assembly with major pathological consequences. Antibodies to nitrotyrosine have revealed nitration in human atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, septic and distressed lung, inflammatory bowel disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Powder diffraction (1996)

The powder diffraction method, by using conventional X-ray sources, was devised independently in 1916 by Debye and Scherrer in Germany and in 1917 by Hull in the United States. The technique developed steadily and, half a century later, the `traditional' applications, such as phase identification, the determination of accurate unit-cell dimensions and the analysis of structural imperfections, were well established. There was then a dramatic increase of interest in powder methods during the 1970s, following the introduction by Rietveld in 1967 of his powerful method for refining crystal structures from powder data. This has since been used extensively, initially by using neutron data and later with X-rays, and it was an important step towards extracting 3-dimensional structural information from 1-dimensional powder diffraction patterns, in order to study the structure of crystalline materials. Similarly, techniques which do not involve structural data have been introduced for modelling powder diffraction patterns, to extract various parameters (position, breadth, shape, etc.) which define the individual reflections. These are used in most applications of powder diffraction and are the basis of new procedures for characterizing the microstructural properties of materials. Many subsequent advances have been based on this concept and powder diffraction is now one of the most widely used techniques available to materials scientists for studying the structure and microstructure of crystalline solids. It is thus timely to review progress during the past twenty years or so.
Chirality Assignment of Amines and Amino Alcohols Based on Circular Dichroism Induced by Helix Formation of a Stereoregular Poly((4-carboxyphenyl)acetylene) through Acid−Base Complexation (1997)

An optically inactive polyacetylene, poly((4-carboxyphenyl)acetylene) (poly-1), exhibits an induced circular dichroism (ICD) in the UV−visible region upon complexation with chiral amines and amino alcohols in DMSO and in the film, the sign of which reflects the stereochemistry including bulkiness, type (primary, secondary, or tertiary), and absolute configuration of the amines. Therefore, the polyacetylene can be used as a novel probe for determining the chirality of amines. Most primary amines and amino alcohols of the same configuration gave the same sign for the induced Cotton effect; however, secondary and/or tertiary amines used in the present study tended to show Cotton effect signs opposite to those of the primary amines and amino alcohols of the same configuration. The magnitude of the ICD likely increases with an increase in the bulkiness of the chiral amines. The complexation dynamics during the formation of the helical structure of poly-1 with chiral amines were investigated on the basis of the spin−spin relaxation behavior and 1H NMR, CD, and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) titrations. The complex formation of poly-1 with chiral amines such as 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine and 2-amino-1-propanol exhibits a positive nonlinear effect between the enantiomeric excess of the chiral amines and amino alcohols and the observed ellipticity of the Cotton effects. The excess enantiomer bound to poly-1 may induce an excess of a single-handed helix (right- or left-handed helix), which may result in a more intense ICD than that expected from the ee of the amine. Moreover, it was found that the coexistence of achiral amines such as 1-aminoethanol also induced an excess of one helical sense of poly-1.