gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective activation of resting mouse T lymphocytes by cross‐linking submitogenic concentrations of the T cell antigen receptor with either Lyt‐2 or L3T4 (1987)

We studied the activation of small resting mouse T lymphocytes by antibodies to the T cell antigen receptor in combination with antibodies to other T cell surface antigens. Solid-phase but not soluble antibodies KJ16-133 and F23.1, both directed to beta chains of the V beta 8 family, activate T cells to proliferate in the presence of growth factors, in a dose-dependent fashion. Antibodies to Lyt-2 and to L3T4 had no activating effect at any concentration. However, submitogenic concentrations of KJ16-133 and of F23.1 synergized with a wide range of concentrations of anti-Lyt-2 and anti-L3T4 to cause T cell proliferation similar or greater in magnitude to that caused by high concentrations of anti-T cell receptor antibody. Synergistic activation was also observed with antibodies to Lyt-1, LFA-1 and H-2 class I antigens but to a significantly lower degree. This was particularly clear in limiting dilution experiments in which the corrected frequencies of T cells proliferating in response to low amounts of anti-T cell receptor antibody together with anti-Lyt-2 were 1/4 to 1/7 for BALB/c T cells. The frequencies of BALB/c T cells responding to high concentrations of anti-T cell receptor antibody alone were between 1/14 and 1/126 and still lower frequencies of T cells proliferated in synergistic responses with anti-LFA-1 or anti-Lyt-1. Synergistic activation leads to the induction of functional cytotoxic cells. We interpret these data as suggestive that cross-linking of the T cell antigen receptor with either Lyt-2 (CD8) or L3T4 (CD4) represents an optimal activating signal for resting T cells. We think that, in physiological T cell activation, cross-linking of the T cell receptor to CD8 or CD4 is induced by their simultaneous binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (for CD8) or MHC class II (for CD4) molecules on stimulator cells. We consider the possibility that similar cross-linking requirements may also exist during T cell repertoire selection in ontogeny, thus accounting for the strict coexpression of MHC class I and class II-restricted T cell receptors with CD8 and CD4 molecules, respectively.
Long-Term Outcome and Surgical Interventions After Sacral Neuromodulation Implant for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: 14-Year Experience at 1 Center (2011)

Sacral neuromodulation is a minimally invasive procedure with a good long-term outcome. The reoperation rate has improved with advances in surgical technique and equipment.
Vascular Cell Senescence (2007)

Cardiologists and most physicians believe that aging is an independent risk factor for human atherosclerosis, whereas atherosclerosis is thought to be a characteristic feature of aging in humans by many gerontologists. Because atherosclerosis is among the age-associated changes that almost always escape the influence of natural selection in humans, it might be reasonable to regard atherosclerosis as a feature of aging. Accordingly, when we investigate the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis, it may be more important to answer the question of how we age than what specifically promotes atherosclerosis. Recently, genetic analyses using various animal models have identified molecules that are crucial for aging. These include components of the DNA-repair system, the tumor suppressor pathway, the telomere maintenance system, the insulin/Akt pathway, and other metabolic pathways. Interestingly, most of the molecules that influence the phenotypic changes of aging also regulate cellular senescence, suggesting a causative link between cellular senescence and aging. For example, DNA-repair defects can cause phenotypic changes that resemble premature aging, and senescent cells that show DNA damage accumulate in the elderly. Excessive calorie intake can cause diabetes and hyperinsulinemia, whereas dysregulation of the insulin pathway has been shown to induce cellular senescence in vitro. Calorie restriction or a reduction of insulin signals extends the lifespan of various species and decreases biomarkers of cellular senescence in vivo. There is emerging evidence that cellular senescence contributes to the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis. Senescent vascular cells accumulate in human atheroma tissues and exhibit various features of dysfunction. In this review, we examine the hypothesis that cellular senescence might contribute to atherosclerosis, which is a characteristic of aging in humans.
A comparison of massively parallel nucleotide sequencing with oligonucleotide microarrays for global transcription profiling (2010)

By focusing on exon-level expression, we present the most fine-grained comparison between RNA-Seq and microarrays to date. Overall, our study demonstrates that data from a SOLiD RNA-Seq experiment are sufficient to generate results comparable to those produced from Affymetrix Exon arrays, even using only a single replicate from each platform, and when presented with a large genome.
Clinical aspects of cyclosporin nephrotoxicity. (1995)

Nephrotoxicity is the most important side effect of cyclosporin therapy. Glomerular filtration rate is reduced in almost all patients and improves when cyclosporin is discontinued. Longterm studies in renal transplant recipients indicate that there is no progressive loss of renal function in the majority of patients treated with cyclosporin. Similar results are found in non-transplant recipients treated with low-dose cyclosporin. Approximately 10% of heart and heart-lung transplant patients develop a progressive deterioration in renal function which may not respond to stopping cyclosporin therapy.
Isolation of antibodies for phosphotyrosine by immunization with a v-abl oncogene-encoded protein. (1985)

Immunization of rabbits with a tyrosine-phosphorylated v-abl protein resulted in the production of antibodies for the v-abl protein and for phosphotyrosine. The antiphosphotyrosine antibodies could be purified by affinity chromatography with O-phosphotyramine coupled to Sepharose. These antibodies detected a variety of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, including receptors for peptide growth factors. The usefulness of these antibodies was demonstrated by the detection of previously unidentified tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in v-src-, v-abl-, and v-erbB-transformed cell lines.
Layer-by-Layer Polymer Coating of Carbon Nanotubes: Tuning of Electrical Conductivity in Random Networks (2010)

In this work we show that the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power of random networks of carbon nanotube (CNT) films can be tuned by means of a layer-by-layer polymer coating technique of the individual nanotubes. Using this approach, nanotubes dispersed in water are coated before the formation of the film, achieving a control of the transport properties independent of the substrate. Below a certain temperature the conductivity departs from the ohmic behavior and enters a tunneling regime with an energy barrier for electron transport determined by the width of the polymer layer. The excellent control over the conductivity and the possibility of using the polymer coating as a gate dielectric material could be an important step for the development of an easy and scalable approach for the fabrication of CNT-based thin film transistors.
Diagnostic criteria and prognosis in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. (1999)

Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are two myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) that result from an acquired mutation of a single hematopoietic stem cell that gives the progeny of the stem cell a growth advantage over their normal counterparts. The incidence of both diseases appears to be similar. From time to time, PV has an atypical presentation making it difficult to differentiate from ET and other MPDs. Identification of a patient as having PV or ET generally follows the observation of elevated hematocrit or elevated platelet count. Thrombotic complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in both groups of patients. In PV, the frequencies of venous and arterial thrombosis are about equal, whereas venous thrombosis is less common in ET. Accurate diagnosis of these disorders is essential for proper treatment. The prognosis for untreated, asymptomatic ET patients is generally good, but quite poor for untreated PV patients. Proper treatments have been shown to reduce complications and significantly extend the life span for both groups of patients.
Dos miradas desde la sociología de la educación y la sociología educativa a una variante pedagógica de la investigación-acción educativa (2007)

El articulo va mas alla del enfuqie de investigacion-accion educativa ampliamente conocido, para presntar una propuesta de investigacion-accion pedagogica y analizar su evolucion. Inicia con una evocacion del nacimiento de la tradicion cualitativa de investigacion-accion, concebida por el psicologo social Kurt Lewin; comenta la aplicacion del metodo a la transformacion de las practicas educativas en la Universidad de Columbia por Stephen Corey en la decada del cincuenta y en inglaterra en la del 70. Caracteriza la propuesta de investigacion-accion pedagogica que se ha estado ensayando en varias regiones de Colombia desde hace diez anos como una estrategia de autocapacitacion de maestros. Finalmente se critica que el analisis investigativo de la practica docente en este modelo se base casi exclusivamente en critica de la practica del maestro, sin tener en cuenta la practica de aprendizaje que debe llevar a un analisis microsociologico de las relaciones sociales en la clase, ni las aspiraciones de la comunidad que deben plantear un analisis sociologico sobre la pertinencia social del curriculo. Bajo este triple analisis, la transformacion de la practica pedagogica de los maestros puede ser mas productiva
Detecting ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation by complexity measure (1999)

Sinus rhythm (SR), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) belong to different nonlinear physiological processes with different complexity. In this study, we present a novel, and computationally fast method to detect VT and VF, which utilizes a complexity measure suggested by Lempel and Ziv [1]. For a specific window length (i.e., the length of data segment to be analyzed), the method first generates a 0-1 string by comparing the raw electrocardiogram (ECG) data to a selected suitable threshold. The complexity measure can be obtained from the 0-1 string only using two simple operations, comparison and accumulation. When the window length is 7 s, the detection accuracy for each of SR, VT, and VF is 100% for a test set of 204 body surface records (34 SR, 85 monomorphic VT, and 85 VF). Compared with other conventional time- and frequency-domain methods, such as rate and irregularity, VF-filter leakage, and sequential hypothesis testing, the new algorithm is simple, computationally efficient, and well suited for real-time implementation in automatic external defibrillators (AED's).
Interleukin-10 Gene Transfer to the Airway Regulates Allergic Mucosal Sensitization in Mice (1999)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of airway gene transfer of interleukin (IL)-10, a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities, on allergic mucosal sensitization. We used a recently described murine model that involves repeated exposures to aerosolized ovalbumin (OVA), daily for 10 d, in the context of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in the airway environment achieved by intranasal delivery of a replication-deficient adenovirus carrying the GM-CSF transgene. The resulting inflammatory response was characterized by a T-helper 2 cytokine profile and marked airway eosinophilia. After complete resolution of the inflammatory response (Day 28), a single exposure to OVA reconstituted airway eosinophilia and induced airway hyperresponsiveness. We show that concurrent expression of IL-10 inhibited GM-CSF-driven OVA-specific inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, IL-10 decreased the number of mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histologic evaluation of the tissue corroborated the findings in the BALF. Concurrent expression of IL-10 at the time of mucosal sensitization abrogated both the cellular and physiologic recall responses in vivo. Studies in interferon (IFN)-gamma knockout mice demonstrated that prevention of airway eosinophilia by IL-10 was IFN-gamma-independent and that expression of IL-10 was associated with decreased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the BALF. Flow cytometric analysis of dispersed lung cells showed that expression of IL-10 in the airway reduced the absolute number of Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC)(+)/CD11c(+) (dendritic cells) and Class II MHC(+)/Mac-1(bright) (macrophages) cells expressing the costimulatory molecules B7.1 and B7.2 by 30%. However, IL-10 coexpression did not prevent expansion of CD4 and CD8 T cells or expression of the early activation marker CD69 on T cells. Thus, airway gene transfer of IL-10 altered the immune response to OVA in a way that resulted in inhibition of airway inflammation. These findings suggest that development of an immunoregulatory strategy based on IL-10, alone or in combination with GM-CSF, warrants further consideration.
Temporalis Muscle Resuspension Using Titanium Miniplates and Screws: Technical Note (2001)

The use of titanium plates and screws is a safe, simple, successful alternative for reattachment of temporalis muscles for patients undergoing cranial procedures.
An update on the state of the art of DNA vaccines. (2001)

DNA vaccines have been extensively studied in the past ten years and much is now known about their effectiveness and mode of action in animal models. Several DNA vaccines have been tested in phase I clinical trials, with mixed results. That is, DNA vaccines appear safe and well tolerated, but lack potency. This has led to the search for technologies that will enable sufficient potency for effectiveness in humans.
Combined chemical and enzymatic synthesis of sialyloligosaccharides and characterization by 500-MHz and proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCombined chemical and enzymatic synthesis of sialyloligosaccharides and characterization by 500-MHz and proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopySubramaniam. Sabesan and James C. PaulsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 8, 2068–2080Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00268a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00268a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views721Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Complementary DNA and protein sequences of ethanol-inducible rat and human cytochrome P-450s. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the rat enzyme. (1986)

The cDNAs encoding ethanol-inducible forms of rat and human cytochrome P-450s have been isolated, sequenced, and used to study the expression of this cytochrome P-450 during development and by various inducing agents. Polyclonal antibody against ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 was used to screen rat and human lambda gt11 cDNA expression libraries. The longest cDNAs obtained from each library were completely sequenced, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the rat cDNA was found to correspond to P450j based on the published amino-terminal sequence. The rat and human cytochrome P-450s both contained 493 amino acids and calculated molecular masses of 56,634 and 56,916 daltons, respectively. Human P450j shared 75% nucleotide and 78% amino acid similarities to the respective orthologous rat cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences. Amino acid alignment also revealed that P450j was 48% similar to P450b and P450e, the major phenobarbital-inducible forms, and 54% similar to P450PB1 and P450f, two developmentally regulated forms. Southern blot analyses of rat and human genomic DNAs verified that only a single gene shared extensive homology with P450j. The expression of P450j was found to be developmentally regulated. No immunodetectable protein or P450j mRNA was present in newborn rats; however, rapid increases in P450j mRNA and protein occurred within 1 week after birth in both male and female rats. The levels of P450j and its mRNA thereafter remained elevated up to 12 weeks of age in both sexes. The increases in both P450j and its mRNA paralleled the change in aniline hydroxylase activity during development. Run-on transcriptional analysis confirmed that these increases were due to transcriptional activation of the P450j gene. In contrast to transcriptional activation during development, induction of P450j by various agents such as pyrazole, 4-methylpyrazole, and acetone might be due to post-transcriptional events. A 4-fold elevation in both enzymatic activity and immunodetectable P450j was not accompanied by an increase in P450j mRNA level.
Antisense Inhibition of CAS, the Human Homologue of the Yeast Chromosome Segregation Gene CSE1, Interferes with Mitosis in HeLa Cells (1997)

We have analyzed the effects on HeLa cells of reduction of the CAS protein, the human homologue to yeast chromosome segregation protein CSE1. Expression of CAS antisense cDNA decreases the amount of CAS protein in HeLa cells and perturbs progression from G2 (retards transition from G2) to G1 in the cell cycle. Increased levels of cyclin B in CAS antisense transfected cells correlated with an arrest in G2 phase or mitosis. This arrest upon CAS attenuation is consistent with observations that yeast with CSE1 mutations are defective in mitosis and cyclin B degradation.
Methods to print optical images at low-k 1 factors (1990)

The minimum half pitch for optical projection lithography in manufacturing has been held to 0. 8 A/NA or larger. This is supported by the experience gained by semiconductor manufacturers worldwide yet the reasons are not clearly understood. Three main causes for the high-k1 requirement are identified in this paper. First imperfections in the imaging system can reduce the processing margin. Subsequently the k1 factor has to be raised to compensate for the loss. Vibration and stray light are two examples. Secondly even a perfect imaging system can be limited by an unoptimized coherence factor and by optical proximity effects which are increasingly dominant as k1 is reduced. These are basic limitations imposed by the diffraction phenomenon. Thirdly the conditions at the recording media i. e. the photoresist and the substrate can require unsuspectedly large processing margins which necessitate a high k1. Experimental and theoretical results are given to substantiate the above and to lead to methods for low-k1 manufacturing. 1.
Bend loss in large core multimode optical fiber beam delivery systems (1991)

We present results of an experimental investigation of the optical losses produced by bending large core optical fibers, typical of those used in power beam delivery systems. Experiments have been conducted over a range of core diameters for both plastic clad silica and all-silica fibers as a function of bend radius. A theoretical model has been developed for predicting the magnitude of the bend loss, and agreement was obtained with the experimental results. The study thus yields design information for fiber beam delivery systems.
Wireless power transfer system with a simple receiver coil (2011)

This paper proposes a wireless power transfer system that consists of a transmitter with a resonator and a receiver without a resonator. This system utilizes magnetic coupling and resonance. The receiver is simple, but this system has longer transfer distance than electromagnetic induction and requires no resonant frequency synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver that is required for magnetic resonance method. In general, receivers have main function other than power receiving function and it is favorable that receivers have less restriction for placement and simple adjustment mechanism. The proposed system offers solutions for these issues.
User-Loaded SlipChip for Equipment-Free Multiplexed Nanoliter-Scale Experiments (2009)

This paper describes a microfluidic approach to perform multiplexed nanoliter-scale experiments by combining a sample with multiple different reagents, each at multiple mixing ratios. This approach employs a user-loaded, equipment-free SlipChip. The mixing ratios, characterized by diluting a fluorescent dye, could be controlled by the volume of each of the combined wells. The SlipChip design was validated on an approximately 12 nL scale by screening the conditions for crystallization of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase from Burkholderia pseudomallei against 48 different reagents; each reagent was tested at 11 different mixing ratios, for a total of 528 crystallization trials. The total consumption of the protein sample was approximately 10 microL. Conditions for crystallization were successfully identified. The crystallization experiments were successfully scaled up in well plates using the conditions identified in the SlipChip. Crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction and provided a protein structure in a different space group and at a higher resolution than the structure obtained by conventional methods. In this work, this user-loaded SlipChip has been shown to reliably handle fluids of diverse physicochemical properties, such as viscosities and surface tensions. Quantitative measurements of fluorescent intensities and high-resolution imaging were straighforward to perform in these glass SlipChips. Surface chemistry was controlled using fluorinated lubricating fluid, analogous to the fluorinated carrier fluid used in plug-based crystallization. Thus, we expect this approach to be valuable in a number of areas beyond protein crystallization, especially those areas where droplet-based microfluidic systems have demonstrated successes, including measurements of enzyme kinetics and blood coagulation, cell-based assays, and chemical reactions.