gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complex formation between poly(oxyethylene) and sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles: light scattering, electrophoresis, and dialysis equilibrium studies (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplex formation between poly(oxyethylene) and sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles: light scattering, electrophoresis, and dialysis equilibrium studiesJiulin Xia, Paul L. Dubin, and Yesook KimCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 16, 6805–6811Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100195a050https://doi.org/10.1021/j100195a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views376Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Phase I/II study of topical imiquimod and intralesional interleukin-2 in the treatment of accessible metastases in malignant melanoma (2006)

The combination of imiquimod and IL-2 is effective in controlling this mixed cutaneous and subcutaneous disease, and is well tolerated. Imiquimod alone is often enough to elicit a response in purely cutaneous lesions. The addition of intralesional IL-2 increases the response rates in subcutaneous lesions, and in otherwise refractory cutaneous lesions.
<title>Archiving, indexing, and retrieval of video in the compressed domain</title> (1996)

Fast and efficient storage, indexing, browsing, and retrieval of video is a necessity for the development of various multimedia database applications. This can be achieved by analyzing the video directly in the compressed domain, thereby avoiding the overhead of decompressing video into individual frames in the pixel domain. Our compressed domain parsing of video performs shot change detection and motion detection using the data readily accessible from MPEG, with minimal decoding. Key frames are identified and are used for indexing, retrieval, and browsing. In this paper, we describe feature extraction and key frame indexing and retrieval techniques that are directly applicable to compressed video. The features are derived form the available DCT, macroblock, and motion vector information and the techniques enable fast parsing and archiving of video.
General-Error Regression for Deriving Cost-Estimating Relationships (1997)

Abstract Development of cost-estimating relationships (CERs) in most cost models involving historical data is based on explicit solutions of the classical least-squares linear regression equation Y = a + bX + E, where Y is cost, X is the numerical value of a cost driver, E is a Gaussian error term whose variance does not depend on the numerical value of X, and a and b are numerical coefficients derived from the historical data. The coefficients of nonlinear forms such as Y = aXb E are derived by taking logarithms of both sides and reducing the formulation to log(Y) = log(a) + b log(X) + log(E). This approach has a number of well-documented weaknesses in addition to the fact that the error of estimation is expressed in meaningless units ("log dollars"). A second weakness is that the analyst is forced to assume an additive-error (uniform dollar value across the board) model when historical data indicate a linear relationship between cost driver and cost, but a multiplicative-error (a percentage of the estimate) model when a nonlinear relationship is indicated. A further weakness a priori excludes from consideration certain potentially attractive nonlinear forms, such as Y = a + bXc , because a logarithmic (or any other reasonable) transformation fails to reduce the problem to the classical linear-regression format. All known weaknesses are circumvented by applying "general-error" regression, which allows the analyst to determine the optimal coefficients for any curve shape and to choose the error model independently of the CER's shape. The optimal (error-minimizing) solution is found by sequential computer search rather than by explicit solution of simultaneous equations, as in the classical regression methods. CERs that comprise Version 7 (August 1994) of the U.S. Air Force's Unmanned Space Vehicle Cost Model (USCM-7) have been statistically derived from historical cost data using general-error least-squares regression. In the case of USCM-7 CER development, the multiplicative-error model was selected for all CERs, whether their shape be linear or one of several nonlinear types. The optimality criterion for CER selection is minimization of percentage standard error of the estimate.
Recent trends in protein biochip technology (2000)

This article presents current trends and advances in protein biochip technologies that rely upon extraction and retention of target proteins from liquid media. Analytical strengths as well as technical challenges for these evolving platforms are presented with particular emphasis on selectivity, sensitivity, throughput and utility in the post-genome era. A general review of protein biochip technology is provided, which delineates approaches for protein biochip format and operation, as well as protein detection. A focused discussion of three protein biochip technologies, Biomolecular Interaction Analysis (Biacore, Uppsala, Sweden), Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionisation (SELDI) ProteinChip Arrays (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, CA, USA) and Fluorescent Planar Wave Guide (Zeptosens, Witterswil, Switzerland), follows along with examples of relevant applications.
Degradation of heparan sulfate in the subendothelial extracellular matrix by a readily released heparanase from human neutrophils. Possible role in invasion through basement membranes. (1985)

Freshly isolated human neutrophils were investigated for their ability to degrade heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by cultured corneal and vascular endothelial cells. The ECM was metabolically labeled with Na2(35S)O4 and labeled degradation products were analyzed by gel filtration over Sepharose 6B. More than 90% of the released radioactivity consisted of heparan sulfate fragments 5-6 times smaller than intact heparan sulfate side chains released from the ECM by either papain or alkaline borohydride. These fragments were sensitive to deamination with nitrous acid and were not produced in the presence of either heparin or serine protease inhibitors. In contrast, degradation of soluble high molecular weight heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which was first released from the ECM, was inhibited by heparin but there was no effect of protease inhibitors. These results indicate that interaction of human neutrophils with the subendothelial ECM is associated with degradation of its heparan sulfate by means of a specific, newly identified, heparanase activity and that this degradation is facilitated to a large extent by serine proteases. The neutrophil heparanase was readily and preferentially released (15-25% of the cellular content in 60 min) by simply incubating the cells at 4 degrees C in the absence of added stimuli. Under these conditions, less than 5% of the cellular content of lactate dehydrogenase, lysozyme, and globin degrading proteases was released. Further purification of the neutrophil heparanase was achieved by its binding to heparin-Sepharose and elution at 1 M NaCl. It is suggested that heparanase activity is involved in the early events of extravasation and diapedesis of neutrophils in response to a threshold signal from an extravascular inflamed organ.
Sequence variability of the glycoprotein gene of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (1993)

Sequence variation in the attachment glycoprotein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was determined. The nucleotide sequences of the G mRNAs of the A51908, VC464 and FS-1 strains of BRSV were compared with the published sequence of the BRSV strain 391-2. Nucleotide sequence alignment showed that overall they are highly conserved, with 90 to 97% identity. In addition, the coding region of strain A51908 was longer by 18 nucleotides at the 3' end. An 84 to 95% level of identity was observed among the deduced amino acid sequences of the G proteins of BRSV strains. A maximum divergence of 19% was found when the extracellular domains of the G proteins were compared. The level of diversity would be consistent, by analogy to the human respiratory syncytial viruses, with these BRSV strains forming a single subgroup.
Charging Effects in the Inductively Shunted Josephson Junction (2009)

The choice of impedance used to shunt a Josephson junction determines if the charge transferred through the circuit is quantized: a capacitive shunt renders the charge discrete, whereas an inductive shunt gives continuous charge. This discrepancy leads to a paradox in the limit of large inductances L. We show that while the energy spectra of the capacitively and inductively shunted junction are vastly different, their high-frequency responses become identical for large L. Inductive shunting thus opens the possibility to observe charging effects unimpeded by charge noise.
Management of Chronic Upper Abdominal Pain in Cancer (2010)

Splanchnic nerve blockade via a transdiscal approach is a technique that provides analgesia and the alleviation of the secondary undesirable effects of analgesic drugs resulting from the decrease of morphine consumption in patients with upper abdominal malignancies. In experienced teams, the reliability of its analgesic effect is high, with a low rate of severe complications.
Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis in patients of Dutch origin is related to Alzheimer disease. (1987)

Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis in Dutch patients is an autosomal dominant form of vascular amyloidosis restricted to the leptomeninges and cerebral cortex. Clinically the disease is characterized by cerebral hemorrhages leading to an early death. Immunohistochemical studies of five patients revealed that the vascular amyloid deposits reacted intensely with an antiserum raised against a synthetic peptide homologous to the Alzheimer disease-related beta-protein. Silver stain-positive, "senile plaque-like" structures were also labeled by the antiserum, yet these lesions lacked the dense amyloid cores present in typical plaques of Alzheimer disease. No neurofibrillary tangles were present. Amyloid fibrils were purified from the leptomeningeal vessels of one patient who clinically had no signs of dementia. The protein had a molecular weight of approximately equal to 4000 and its partial amino acid sequence to position 21 showed homology to the beta-protein of Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome. These results suggest that hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis of Dutch origin is pathogenetically related to Alzheimer disease and support the concept that the initial amyloid deposition in this disorder occurs in the vessel walls before damaging the brain parenchyma. Thus, deposition of beta-protein in brain tissue seems to be related to a spectrum of diseases involving vascular syndromes, progressive dementia, or both.
Carbenoxolone increases hepatic insulin sensitivity in man: a novel role for 11-oxosteroid reductase in enhancing glucocorticoid receptor activation. (1995)

In the kidney, conversion of cortisol to cortisone by the enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase protects mineralocorticoid receptors from cortisol. In the liver, a different isoform of the enzyme favors 11 beta-reductase conversion of cortisone to cortisol. We have tested the hypothesis that hepatic 11 beta-reductase enhances glucocorticoid receptor activation in the liver by inhibiting the enzyme with carbenoxolone and observing effects on insulin sensitivity. Seven healthy males took part in a double blind randomized cross-over study in which oral carbenoxolone (100 mg every 8 h) or placebo was administered for 7 days. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies were then performed, including measurement of forearm glucose uptake. Carbenoxolone increased whole body insulin sensitivity (M values for dextrose infusion rates, 41.1 +/- 2.4 mumol/kg.min for placebo vs. 44.6 +/- 2.3 for carbenoxolone; P < 0.03), but had no effect on forearm insulin sensitivity. We infer that carbenoxolone, by inhibiting hepatic 11 beta-reductase and reducing intrahepatic cortisol concentration, increases hepatic insulin sensitivity and decreases glucose production. Thus, plasma cortisone provides an inactive pool that can be converted to active glucocorticoids at sites where 11 beta-reductase is expressed, abnormal hepatic 11 beta-reductase activity might be important in syndromes of insulin resistance, and manipulation of hepatic 11 beta-reductase may be useful in treating insulin resistance.
Robust GrayScale Distribution Estimation for Contactless Palmprint Recognition (2007)

More and more research have been developed very recently for automatic hand recognition. This paper proposes a new method for contactless hand authentication in complex images. Our system uses skin color and hand shape information for an accurate hand detection process. Then, the palm is extracted and characterized by a robust and normalized decomposition. During enrollment, a distribution estimation is used to defined the optimal discrimination of the palmprint features. Finally, some specific thresholds are defined to separate in test phase impostor and genuine users. The experimental results present an error rate of 1.5% with a population of 49 people.
Neural control of the urethra and development of pharmacotherapy for stress urinary incontinence (2003)

This review discusses the control of the urethra by the central nervous system, emphasizing the importance of nervous system control and the role of serotonin and noradrenaline in storage, micturition and sphincter reflexes. The concept of pharmacological neuromodulation and the use of pharmacological therapy as first-line therapy for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is presented. Coordination between the urinary bladder and urethra is mediated by many reflex pathways organized in the brain and spinal cord. During bladder filling, activation of mechanoreceptor afferent nerves in the bladder wall triggers firing in the cholinergic efferent pathways to the external urethral sphincter and in sympathetic adrenergic pathways to the urethral smooth muscle. These storage reflexes depend on interneuronal circuitry in the spinal cord and are modulated by descending pathways. It would therefore seem that neurotransmission in the central nervous system and periphery may be important in SUI, and moreover that pharmacological agents affecting these neurotransmitter pathways may be used to treat SUI. The central and peripheral mechanisms of action of duloxetine affect serotonin and noradrenaline neurotransmission in ways that may ameliorate the symptoms of SUI.
A Power-Harvesting Pad-Less Millimeter-Sized Radio (2015)

A wireless-powered pad-less single-chip radio is implemented in 65 nm CMOS for applications in Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless tagging. This fully-self-sufficient mm-wave radio has no pads or external components (e.g., power supply), and the entire radio is a single chip with dimensions of 3.7 mm by 1.2 mm. To provide multi-access, and to mitigate interference, it uses two separate mm-wave bands for RX/TX and integrates both antennas to provide a measured communication range of 50 cm. The transmitter uses a modified Multipulse Pulse Position Modulation (MPPM) with 2 GHz of bandwidth on a 60 GHz carrier to communicate the data sequence as well as the local timing reference. The entire system operates with standby harvested power below 1.5 μW and achieves an aggregate data rate > 12 Mbps.
Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of thermopsin, a thermostable acid protease from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. (1990)

A thermostable, acid proteolytic activity has been found to be associated with the cells and in the culture medium of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, an archaebacterium. This acid protease, which has been named thermopsin, was purified to homogeneity from the culture medium by a five-step procedure including column chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B, Sephadex G-100, monoQ (fast protein liquid chromatography), and gel filtration (high pressure liquid chromatography). The purified thermopsin produced a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the proteolytic activity was associated with the band. Thermopsin is a single-chain protein as indicated by gel electrophoresis and by a single NH2-terminal sequence. It has maximal proteolytic activity at pH 2 and 90 degrees C. A genomic library of S. acidocaldarius was prepared and screened by an oligonucleotide probe designed from the NH2-terminal sequence of thermopsin. Five positive clones were isolated. From these clones the thermopsin gene was mapped and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence showed that the thermopsin structure is encoded in 1020 bases. In the deduced protein sequence, there are 41 amino acid residues (including the initiation Met) preceding the NH2-terminal position of thermopsin. Most of these residues appear to be characteristic of a leader sequence. However, the presence in this region of a short pro sequence cannot be ruled out. Thermopsin contains a single cysteine at residue 237 that is not essential for activity (Fusek, M., Lin, X.-L., Tang, J. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 1496-1501. Thermopsin has no apparent sequence similarity to aspartic proteases of the pepsin family nor to pepstatin-insensitive acid protease (Maita, T., Nagata, S., Matsuda, G., Murata, S., Oda, K., Murao, S., and Tsura, D. (1984) J. Biochem. 95, 465-475) and thus may represent a new class of acid proteases. Also absent is the characteristic active site aspartyl sequence of aspartic proteases. There are 11 potential N-glycosylation sites on each thermopsin molecule. The molecular weight estimated from gel filtration (45,000) is larger than that calculated from the sequence (32,651), suggesting that thermopsin is the sequence (32,651), suggesting that thermopsin is glycosylated at at least some of these 11 sites.
Biological nitrogen fixation: primary structure of the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifH and nifD genes. (1981)

A DNA fragment carrying the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifK, D, and H genes was isolated from the nif- strain UNF841 (Tn5::nifK) by molecular cloning into the Escherichia coli plasmid pBR325. The nucleotide sequences of both the nifH gene, which encodes the Fe protein of the nitrogenase enzyme complex, and 622 nucleotides of the nifD gene, which encodes the alpha-subunit of the Mo-Fe protein, were determined by direct DNA sequencing by both the chemical and chain termination methods. A comparison of the primary structure of the Klebsiella nifH gene and its product with that recently determined for the blue-green alga Anabaena demonstrates that the gene sequences are more divergent than the protein sequence data would suggest. This implies that despite the strong, presumably functional, constraints that act at the protein structure level, the nucleotide sequence of the gene and its mRNA are only restrained by the coding requirements, allowing substantial drift in codon usage.
Construction of Marker-Free Genetically Modified Maize Using a Heat-Inducible Auto-Excision Vector (2019)

Gene modification is a promising tool for plant breeding, and gradual application from the laboratory to the field. Selectable marker genes (SMG) are required in the transformation process to simplify the identification of transgenic plants; however, it is more desirable to obtain transgenic plants without selection markers. Transgene integration mediated by site-specific recombination (SSR) systems into the dedicated genomic sites has been demonstrated in a few different plant species. Here, we present an auto-elimination vector system that uses a heat-inducible <i>Cre</i> to eliminate the selectable marker from transgenic maize, without the need for repeated transformation or sexual crossing. The vector combines an inducible site-specific recombinase (<i>hsp70::Cre</i>) that allows for the precise elimination of the selectable marker gene <i>egfp</i> upon heating. This marker gene is used for the initial positive selection of transgenic tissue. The <i>egfp</i> also functions as a visual marker to demonstrate the effectiveness of the heat-inducible <i>Cre</i>. A second marker gene for anthocyanin pigmentation (<i>Rsc</i>) is located outside of the region eliminated by <i>Cre</i> and is used for the identification of transgenic offspring in future generations. Using the heat-inducible auto-excision vector, marker-free transgenic maize plants were obtained in a precisely controlled genetic modification process. Genetic and molecular analyses indicated that the inducible auto-excision system was tightly controlled, with highly efficient DNA excision, and provided a highly reliable method to generate marker-free transgenic maize.