gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward Doubled Haploid Production in the Fabaceae: Progress, Constraints, and Opportunities (2006)

The Fabaceae species have a major role to play in sustainable farming systems, but they have lagged behind other families in respect to the development of doubled haploid protocols for plant improvement. Currently, no plant improvement program uses doubled haploids on a routine basis for any member of the Fabaceae. There has recently been renewed interest in haploid research as the usefulness of doubled haploid material in molecular mapping has become clear. This review provides a comprehensive account of the current information regarding the development of haploid protocols in the Fabaceae. In the Fabaceae crop species there have been isolated reports of haploid plant induction in the phaseoloid clade; soybean, cowpea and pigeonpea, as well as promising progress towards haploidy in peanut and winged bean. As yet there have been no reports of haploid plant production in the galegoid clade, but early stage haploid embryogenesis has been achieved in chickpea, field pea, and lupin. Success in the production of haploid plants has also been reported within the pasture genera Lotus, Medicago, and Trifolium and the arboreal genera Cassia, Peltophorum, and Albizzia. A review of the literature has enabled us to identify some general similarities between the protocols developed for haploid plant induction across the various legumes. These are the culture of intact anthers; use of a cold pretreatment to induce sporophytic development; targeting of microspores at the uninucleate stage of development; and use of MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962 Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15: 473–497. [CSA][Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) based nutrient medium with plant growth regulators to encourage continued division following induction. These protocol commonalities will assist researchers to identify approaches suited to their target Fabaceae species. The paucity of research funding for haploid research in most Fabaceae species has highlighted the need for strong collaborative linkages between institutions and researchers.
Body position and cerebrospinal fluid pressure (1976)

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was recorded in 116 adult neurosurgical patients in the lateral and sitting positions. The level of zero CSF pressure while in the sitting position (ZPS) and hydrostatic indifferent point (HIP) for lateral and sitting positions were determined and referred to the craniospinal axis. In control patients ZPS was located mainly at the upper cervical region, and showed nearly the same variation and frequency distribution as CSF pressure in the lateral position when efforts were made to reduce sources of error and there was no orthostatic change in CSF filling pressure. Under these circumstances ZPS may be used as a variable comparable from one subject to another. In control patients the HIP was located between C-6 and T-5. In 25 hydrocephalic patients, shunting resulted in a mean caudal shift of ZPS of 244 mm, and a mean pressure fall of 126 mm H2O in the lateral position. This difference was due to a caudal shift of HIP on shunting. A caudally located ZPS was found in patients with complete cervical subarachnoid block. Prevention and treatment of CSF leakage cranial to HIP is discussed.
Activation of Adenylate Cyclase by Choleragen (1979)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Mutation Rate Variation is a Primary Determinant of the Distribution of Allele Frequencies in Humans (2016)

The site frequency spectrum (SFS) has long been used to study demographic history and natural selection. Here, we extend this summary by examining the SFS conditional on the alleles found at the same site in other species. We refer to this extension as the "phylogenetically-conditioned SFS" or cSFS. Using recent large-sample data from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC), combined with primate genome sequences, we find that human variants that occurred independently in closely related primate lineages are at higher frequencies in humans than variants with parallel substitutions in more distant primates. We show that this effect is largely due to sites with elevated mutation rates causing significant departures from the widely-used infinite sites mutation model. Our analysis also suggests substantial variation in mutation rates even among mutations involving the same nucleotide changes. In summary, we show that variable mutation rates are key determinants of the SFS in humans.
Degradation of Interleukin 1β by Matrix Metalloproteinases (1996)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) are implicated in inflammation and tissue destruction, where IL-1 is a potent stimulator of connective tissue cells to produce the extracellular matrix-degrading MMPs. Here, we report that IL-1beta, but not IL-1alpha, is degraded by MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase), MMP-2 (gelatinase A), MMP-3 (stromelysin 1), and MMP-9 (gelatinase B). This degradation was effectively blocked by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. When IL-1beta was treated with MMPs it lost the ability to enhance the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and pro-MMP-3 in human fibroblasts. The primary cleavage site of IL-1beta by MMP-2 was identified at the Glu25-Leu26 bond. These results suggest that IL-1beta stimulates connective tissue cells to produce MMPs, but activated MMPs in turn negatively regulate the activity of IL-1beta.
Computational design of mechanical characters (2013)

We present an interactive design system that allows non-expert users to create animated mechanical characters. Given an articulated character as input, the user iteratively creates an animation by sketching motion curves indicating how different parts of the character should move. For each motion curve, our framework creates an optimized mechanism that reproduces it as closely as possible. The resulting mechanisms are attached to the character and then connected to each other using gear trains, which are created in a semi-automated fashion. The mechanical assemblies generated with our system can be driven with a single input driver, such as a hand-operated crank or an electric motor, and they can be fabricated using rapid prototyping devices. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by designing a wide range of mechanical characters, several of which we manufactured using 3D printing. While our pipeline is designed for characters driven by planar mechanisms, significant parts of it extend directly to non-planar mechanisms, allowing us to create characters with compelling 3D motions.
The Systemic Inflammatory Response in the Development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (1997)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent occurring infection among mechanically ventilated patients. The clinical presentation of VAP ranges from relatively benign to a severe illness with septic shock. The influence of VAP on patient outcome has not been elucidated and its effects on the inflammatory response of the host are unknown. In a case-control study, the systemic inflammatory response was investigated in patients developing VAP as compared with control patients matched on duration of mechanical ventilation and underlying diseases. Patients developing VAP (n = 42) were matched to a single control (without VAP), who was matched on seven variables. VAP was diagnosed with bronchoscopic techniques. The inflammatory response, reflected by circulating levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), was determined on the day of diagnosis (or day of matching for controls), 4 and 2 d before diagnosis, and 2 d after diagnosis. The development of VAP was not associated with an increase in circulating levels of IL-6 or IL-8. Among patients in which VAP was associated with a clinical presentation of severe sepsis or septic shock (n = 10), IL-6 and IL-8 levels increased and were higher than in the corresponding controls. Moreover, 60% of cases with severe sepsis or septic shock died as compared with 20% of their matched controls (p = 0.06). Mortality rates were similar in patients with uncomplicated VAP and their matched controls (25% and 34%, respectively). High circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were associated with higher mortality rates. The clinical picture of VAP can be subdivided into different types, ranging from uncomplicated to an infection associated with severe sepsis or septic shock, elevated circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and an increased mortality rate.
Mitochondria and Neurodegeneration (2007)

There is increasing evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction to neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are critical regulators of cell death, a key feature of neurodegeneration. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA and oxidative stress both contribute to ageing, which is the greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. This is the case in Alzheimer's disease, in which there is evidence that both beta-amyloid and the amyloid precursor protein may directly interact with mitochondria, leading to increased free radical production. In the case of Huntington's disease (HD), recent evidence suggests that the coactivator PGC1alpha, a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis in respiration, is down-regulated in patients with HD and in several animal models of this neurodegenerative disorder. In Parkinson's disease, the autosomal recessive genes parkin, DJ1 and PINK1 are all linked to either oxidative stress or mitochondrial dysfunction. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, there is strong evidence that mutant superoxide dismutase directly interacts with the outer mitochondrial membrane as well as the intermembrane space and matrix. Therefore, an impressive number of disease specific proteins interact with mitochondria. Therapies that target basic mitochondrial processes such as energy metabolism in free radical generation, or specific interactions of disease-related protein with mitochondria, hold great promise.
Humidity fixed points of binary saturated aqueous solutions (1977)

An e valua ted compil ation of equilibrium rela ti ve humiditi es in a ir ve rsus tempe rature from pure phase to a pproximatel y l OS pascal (1 a tm) in press ure is present ed fo r 28 bina ry saturated aqueous so luti ons . Th e relative humiditi es of th e solutio ns ra nge from about 3 to 98 pe rcent. Us ing a da ta base from 2 1 sepa ra te in vesti gati ons compris ing 1106 indi vidu al meas ure me nts, fits we re made by the me thod of least s qua res to regula r po lynomia l equ ati ons with two through four coeffi c ie nts. Equa ti ons a nd ta bles a re presented a long with the estima ted uncert a inti es in the correla ted res ults.
A stereospecific total synthesis of dl-saxitoxin (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA stereospecific total synthesis of dl-saxitoxinH. Tanino, T. Nakata, T. Kaneko, and Y. KishiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 8, 2818–2819Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00450a079Request reuse permissionsArticle Views2333Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (297 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In Vivo Expression of Single-Stranded DNA in Mammalian Cells with DNA Enzyme Sequences Targeted to C-raf (2000)

The use of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODN) remains a viable method to downregulate selected gene function. However, limitations to the antisense approach remain, such as (1) difficulties in delivery of the AS-ODN into target tissues, (2) instability of AS-ODN in vivo, (3) uncertanties about the precise mode of action, and (4) toxic effects in animal and human studies. To circumvent some of these difficulties, we designed a vector set that directs the in vivo production of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) of a desired target sequence with limited extraneous vector nucleotide sequences. One plasmid was designed to express Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) reverse transcriptase (RT). Another expression plasmid contains the MoMuLV primer binding site at the 3'-end of its RNA transcript so that an ssDNA would be synthesized by RT when both plasmids are cotransfected into cells. To test this expression system, we constructed a plasmid set, pssXA/pssXB that produces ssRNA-cleaving DNA 10-23 enzyme (Santoro, S.W., and Joyce, G.F. [1997]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 37, 13330-13342). The DNA enzyme sequence was placed between two oligonucleotide arms that are complementary and able to specifically target C-raf kinase mRNA. These plasmids were transfected into the A549 lung carcinoma cell line. Reduced C-raf mRNA levels by up to 34%-36%, as determined by Northern blot analysis, were observed in the transfected cells. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using this novel ssDNA expression system to generate any sequence of interest in vivo for antisense, RNA-cleavage DNA enzyme, or triplex-forming strategies.
Neural Paraphrase Generation with Stacked Residual LSTM Networks (2016)

In this paper, we propose a novel neural approach for paraphrase generation. Conventional para- phrase generation methods either leverage hand-written rules and thesauri-based alignments, or use statistical machine learning principles. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to explore deep learning models for paraphrase generation. Our primary contribution is a stacked residual LSTM network, where we add residual connections between LSTM layers. This allows for efficient training of deep LSTMs. We evaluate our model and other state-of-the-art deep learning models on three different datasets: PPDB, WikiAnswers and MSCOCO. Evaluation results demonstrate that our model outperforms sequence to sequence, attention-based and bi- directional LSTM models on BLEU, METEOR, TER and an embedding-based sentence similarity metric.
REGULATION OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM BIOGENESIS IN RESPONSE TO CYTOCHROME P450 OVERPRODUCTION *, † (1999)

Most of the eukaryotic cytochrome P450 forms are integral membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). They are targeted to the ER and inserted into the membrane by uncleavable signal-ancho...
ZD2767, an improved system for antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy that results in tumor regressions in colorectal tumor xenografts. (1996)

ZD2767 represents an improved version of antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. It consists of a conjugate of the F(ab')2 A5B7 antibody fragment and carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) and a prodrug, 4-[N,N-bis(2-iodoethyl)amino]phenoxycarbonyl L-glutamic acid. The IC50 of the prodrug against LoVo colorectal tumor cells was 47 microM, and cleavage by CPG2 released the potent bis-iodo phenol mustard drug (IC50 = 0.34 microM). The drug killed both proliferating and quiescent LoVo cells. Administration of the ZD2767 conjugate to nude mice bearing LoVo colorectal xenografts resulted in approximately 1% of injected ZD2767 conjugate localizing/g of tumor after 72 h, and blood and normal tissue levels of the conjugate were 10-50-fold lower. A single round of therapy involving the administration of the prodrug 72 h after the conjugate to athymic mice bearing established LoVo xenografts resulted in approximately 50% of the tumors undergoing complete regressions, tumor growth delays greater than 30 days, and little toxicity (as judged by body-weight loss). Similar studies using a control antibody-CPG2 conjugate that does not bind to LoVo tumor cells resulted in a growth delay of less than 5 days, confirming the tumor specificity of this approach. These studies demonstrate the potential of ZD2767 for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Synthesis of RGD Containing Peptides and their Vasodilation Effect (2000)

APLRV, SLRR, RGDS, and RGDF were synthesized by use of the solution method via the corresponding protective intermediates. After fragment condensation and deprotection, APLRVRGDS, APLRVRGDF, SLRRRGDS, and SLRRRGDF were obtained. The effect of these RGD containing peptides on rat aortic strips pretreated with noradrenaline (NE) were observed. The relaxing extents of contracted strips for them at three doses (10(-5) mol/L, 10(-6) mol/L and 10(-7) mol/L) indicated that, in a few cases, this kind of combination of these fragments may enhance the desirable activity.
TGF-beta1 somatic gene therapy prevents autoimmune disease in nonobese diabetic mice. (1998)

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice develop insulitis and diabetes through an autoimmune process. Since TGF-beta1 down-regulates many immune responses, we hypothesized that TGF-beta1 could prevent disease in NOD mice and that there would be several advantages to cytokine delivery by a somatic gene therapy approach. We opted for i.m. injection of a naked plasmid DNA expression vector encoding murine TGF-beta1 (pCMV-TGF-beta1). Treatment with pCMV-TGF-beta1 resulted in the retention and expression of the vector in muscle cells, associated with a considerable elevation in the plasma levels of TGF-beta1, that was not observed in control vector-treated mice. The levels of TGF-beta1 produced were sufficient to exert immunosuppressive effects. Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses were suppressed, and autoimmunity-prone NOD mice were protected from insulitis and diabetes in models of cyclophosphamide-accelerated and natural course disease. In pCMV-TGF-beta1-treated mice, pancreatic IL-12 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression was depressed, and the ratio of IFN-gamma to IL-4 mRNA was decreased, as determined by semiquantitative reverse-transcription PCR. In contrast, NOD mice injected with a vector encoding the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma developed diabetes earlier. Intramuscular administration of cytokine-encoding plasmid vectors proved to be an effective method of cytokine delivery in these mice, and altered autoimmune disease expression.
A Comprehensive Review on the Chemotherapeutic Potential of Piceatannol for Cancer Treatment, with Mechanistic Insights (2016)

Cancer is a diverse class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that constitutes the greatest cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite steady progress, the treatment modalities of cancer are still insufficient. Several new concepts have emerged for therapeutic intervention in malignant diseases with the goal of identifying specific targets and overcoming resistance against current cytotoxic therapies. Many studies have reported the remarkable and significant properties of dietary plant polyphenols such as curcumin, resveratrol, flavopiridol, indirubin, magnolol, piceatannol, parthenolide, epigallocatechin gallate, and cucurbitacin as anticancer agents known for their pleiotropic effects on cancer, immune cells, and inflammation. Piceatannol, an analogue and metabolite of resveratrol, is a natural stilbene commonly found in grape skins and wine. Compared to resveratrol, this molecule exhibits superior bioactivities as an inhibitor of COX-1/2 and the CSN-associated kinase. Piceatannol is thought to be a potent natural compound with many therapeutic effects, such as the prevention of hypercholesterolemia, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and cardiovascular diseases. It also demonstrates vasorelaxation, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This comprehensive review summarizes the current data regarding the mechanisms of action of piceatannol, its chemopreventive properties, and its possible therapeutic potential against various types of human cancer.
Development of a real-time power system dynamic performance monitoring system (1997)

Power systems have grown in both size and complexity, and the dynamic characteristics of the systems vary, as well. A computer simulation revealed the possibility of low-frequency oscillation after the connection of a cogeneration plant to the utility grid. Though there are several possible methods to improve the dynamic stability performance of the system, a thorough understanding of the system characteristics and possible operating conditions is required before an appropriate measure can be proposed. In order to collect more operating information without affecting normal system operation, a programmable logic controller (PLC)-based dynamic performance monitoring system (DPMS) was designed and installed at the tie substation. The recorded information will be valuable for system analysis and/or power system stabilizer (PSS) design. The DPMS design, its laboratory testing results, and several field-operation records are discussed in this paper.
Mutation and citrullination modifies vimentin to a novel autoantigen for rheumatoid arthritis (2007)

Antigenic properties of vimentin were determined by mutation and citrullination. Anti-MCV antibodies are a novel diagnostic marker for RA. Furthermore, they may allow monitoring and-if confirmed in even larger series of patients-stratification of disease.
Zinc coordination, function, and structure of zinc enzymes and other proteins (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTZinc coordination, function, and structure of zinc enzymes and other proteinsBert L. Vallee and David S. AuldCite this: Biochemistry 1990, 29, 24, 5647–5659Publication Date (Print):June 19, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00476a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00476a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5084Altmetric-Citations1361LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts