gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal cell targeting by TNF as a common pathogenic principle in chronic inflammatory joint and intestinal diseases (2008)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is key to the pathogenesis of various arthritic diseases and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Anti-TNF therapies have proved successful in the clinical treatment of these diseases, but a mechanistic understanding of TNF function is still lacking. We have investigated early cellular mechanisms of TNF function in these diseases using an established TNF transgenic model, which develops a spondyloarthritis-like disease characterized by peripheral joint arthritis, sacroiliitis, enthesitis, and Crohn's-like IBD. Bone marrow grafting experiments demonstrated that development of arthritis requires TNF receptor I (TNFRI) expression in the radiation-resistant compartment, which is also known to be a sufficient target of TNF in the development of Crohn's-like IBD in the same model. Early activation of synovial fibroblasts and intestinal myofibroblasts could also be demonstrated by perturbed expression of matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors. Notably, selective Cre/loxP-mediated TNFRI expression in mesenchymal cells resulted in a fully arthritic-spondyloarthritic and intestinal phenotype, indicating that mesenchymal cells are primary and sufficient targets of TNF in these pathologies. Our results offer a novel mechanistic perspective for TNF function in gut and joint pathologies and indicate early common cellular pathways that may also explain the often observed synovial-gut axis in human disease.
A region of the broad-host-range plasmid RK2 causes stable in planta inheritance of plasmids in Rhizobium meliloti cells isolated from alfalfa root nodules (1992)

We demonstrate for the first time that the broad-host-range stabilization loci from plasmid RK2 cause total retention of plasmids in cells of Rhizobium meliloti during symbiosis with alfalfa. Two derivatives of plasmid RK2, pRK290 and a 7.3-kb mini-RK2 plasmid, were stabilized in R. meliloti cells isolated from root nodules by the insertion of a 3.2-kb DNA fragment or a smaller 0.8-kb DNA fragment derived from the RK2 stabilization region.
Anisotropy of Superparamagnetic Particles as Measured by Torque and Resonance (1959)

Simple statistical reasoning has been applied to the case of an assembly of crystallographically aligned superparamagnetic particles at a given field and temperature. The apparent magnetocrystalline anisotropy as measured both by torque and resonance has been deduced for the cases of uniaxial and cubic anisotropies. Certain features of recent experimental results on precipitated cobalt particles can be explained, including the observation that, at high temperatures, the anisotropy measured by resonance is greater than that measured by torque.
The mRNA for α1(XIX) Collagen Chain, a New Member of FACITs, Contains a Long Unusual 3′ Untranslated Region and Displays Many Unique Splicing Variants1 (1995)

We have isolated cDNAs and completed for the first time the primary structure for a novel collagenous chain that was partially characterized earlier and named alpha 1(Y) chain [Yoshioka, H. et al. (1992) Genomics 13, 884-886]. The size of the coding region was unexpectedly small compared with the length of the mRNA (> 10 kb), owing to the presence of a long 3' untranslated region (> 5 kb). The predicted polypeptide contained 1,142 amino acid residues with a 23-residue signal peptide consisting of 5 collagenous domains of 70-224 residues in length, interspersed and flanked with 6 noncollagenous (NC) domains. The primary structure is distinct from those of the 32 known collagen alpha-chains of types I through XVIII. Therefore, we designate this newly discovered collagen chain the alpha 1 chain of type XIX collagen. Sequence analysis suggested that this chain belongs to the recently discovered group of collagens known as FACITs (fibril associated collagens with interrupted triple-helices). Northern blotting analysis demonstrated hybridization of the cDNA to a large mRNA species (> 10 kb) extracted from a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (CCL 136). We also isolated numerous truncated cDNA clones of which the 3' parts were different from the "proto" type of the mRNA of > 10-kb size. Sequence comparison between cDNAs and corresponding genomic DNA fragments indicated that unusual splicing events occurred through insufficient recognition at acceptor sites. Expression of the gene was extremely infrequent in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line; it could be restricted to certain animal tissues both temporally and spatially during early development.
Synthesis of 7200 Small Molecules Based on a Substructural Analysis of the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Trichostatin and Trapoxin (2001)

Seventy-two hundred potential inhibitors of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme family, based on a 1,3-dioxane diversity structure, were synthesized on polystyrene macrobeads. The compounds were arrayed for biological assays in a "one bead-one stock solution" format. Metal-chelating functional groups were used to direct the 1,3-dioxanes to HDAC enzymes, which are zinc hydrolases. Representative structures from this library were tested for inhibitory activity and the 1,3-dioxane structure was shown to be compatible with HDAC inhibition. [structure: see text]
Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Treat Brain Ischemia (2004)

Overall, the present study demonstrated that overexpression of the HGF gene attenuated brain ischemic injury in a rat model, without cerebral edema, through angiogenic and neuroprotective actions. In particular, the reduction of brain injury by HGF may provide a new therapeutic option to treat cerebrovascular disease.
Dose-dependent and independent temporal patterns of gene responses to ionizing radiation in normal and tumor cells and tumor xenografts (2001)

U87 cells derived from human malignant gliomas and growtharrested human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblasts were examined with respect to their response to ionizing radiation by profiling their RNAs. In the first series of experiments, cells grown in vitro were harvested and the RNAs were extracted 5 h after exposure to 1, 3, or 10 Gy. In the second series of experiments the U87 tumors were implanted in nude mice and subjected to the same doses of irradiation. The xenografts were harvested at 1, 5, or 24 h after irradiation and subjected to the same analyses. We observed and report on (i) cell-type common and cell-type specific responses, (ii) genes induced at low levels of irradiation but not at higher doses, (iii) temporal patterns of gene response in U87 xenografts that varied depending on radiation dose and temporal patterns of response that were similar at all doses tested, (iv) significantly higher up-regulation of cells in xenografts than in in vitro cultures, and (v) genes highly up-regulated by radiation. The responding genes could be grouped into nine functional clusters. The representation of the nine clusters was to some extent dependent on dose and time after irradiation. The results suggest that clinical outcome of ionizing radiation treatment may benefit significantly by taking into account both cell-type and radiation-dose specificity of cellular responses.
Programmable metallization cell memory based on Ag-Ge-S and Cu-Ge-S solid electrolytes (2006)

Programmable metallization cell (PMC) memory is based on the electrochemical growth and removal of nanoscale metallic pathways in thin films of solid electrolyte. Our previous studies concentrated on electrolytes formed from silver-doped germanium selenide glasses but these materials are not able to withstand the temperatures used in standard back-end-of-line processing for the fabrication of CMOS integrated circuits. This paper concerns our more recent work on silver-doped germanium sulfide electrolytes and describes the electrical characteristics of PMC devices made from these materials following annealing at 300 degC and 430 degC. We also present results from devices that use copper in place of silver as this metal is currently used in integrated circuit interconnect
Modulation of macrophage mannosyl-specific receptors by cultivation on immobilized zymosan. Effects on superoxide-anion release and phagocytosis. (1983)

Unopsonized zymosan effectively induces a respiratory burst (O-2 release, hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt stimulation) in thioglycollate-elicited and BCG-activated macrophages (M phi). These M phi are known to express lectin-like receptors specific for mannose or fucose-terminated glycoconjugates (MFR). A role for the MFR in phagocytosis of zymosan was demonstrated by cultivating M phi on a glutaraldehyde-fixed layer of zymosan, a procedure which depleted M phi of MFR-mediated pinocytic activity, but not other surface antigens (F4/80, Mac-1) or receptors (FcR, C3R). After modulation of MFR, M phi lost the ability to phagocytose zymosan, but ingested antibody or complement-coated zymosan vigorously via alternative receptors. Challenge with free zymosan failed to enhance respiratory burst activity in M phi which had been cultivated on zymosan. Such M phi were also refractory to zymosan taken up by alternative receptors or other ingested particles (EIgG), but responded to a non-particulate challenge, PMA. These studies show that the MFR, like other receptors, can mediate phagocytosis and elicit a respiratory burst in suitably primed M phi, but indicate that phagocytosis via specific receptors (FcR, C3R) need not trigger a respiratory burst.
Silence of NLRP3 Suppresses Atherosclerosis and Stabilizes Plaques in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice (2014)

NLRP3 inflammasomes may play a vital role in atherosclerosis, and lentivirus-mediated NLRP3 silencing would be a new strategy to inhibit plaques progression and to reduce local inflammation.
Monoclonal antibody inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in the rabbit. Effects on lipoprotein composition and high density lipoprotein cholesteryl ester metabolism. (1989)

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) promotes in vitro transfer of cholesteryl ester (CE) and triglyceride (TG) between lipoproteins. We studied the function of CETP in vivo in rabbit lipoprotein metabolism using a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb, TP1) to CETP. Rabbits were injected with TP1 (n = 8), or irrelevant MAb or saline (control, n = 8), resulting in an initial 71% inhibition of CETP, which fell to 45% after 48 h. HDL CE rose in the inhibited animals, reaching levels that doubled initial and control values at 48 h (P less than 0.001). HDL TG fell reciprocally, but HDL protein did not change, suggesting a CE for TG exchange. VLDL CE/TG decreased. Rabbits were also given [3H]cholesteryl ether HDL (a CE analogue). CETP inhibition delayed the initial clearance of radioactivity from HDL (control 6.8 vs. TP1 4.1 pools/d) and plasma (7.8 vs. 5.2 pools/d). We conclude that CETP plays a quantitatively important role in HDL CE catabolism in the rabbit, promoting the exchange of TG for CE and the clearance of CE from plasma.
Type I IFNs Enhance the Terminal Differentiation of Dendritic Cells (1998)

This study identifies type I IFNs as activating cytokines in a serum-free system in which human dendritic cells (DC) were generated from CD34+ progenitor cells. After 14 days of culture in GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, and IL-4, CD34+ progenitors gave rise to a population of large, immature DC expressing CD1a and CD11b but lacking CD14, CD80, CD83, CD86, and CMRF44. During the next 2 wk, this population spontaneously matured into nonadherent, CD1a(low/-), CD11b(low/-), CD14-, CD80+, CD83+, CD86+, CMRF44+ DC with high allostimulatory activity in the MLR. To examine which factors influenced this maturation, 25 different cytokines or factors were added to the immature DC culture. Only type I IFNs (alpha or beta) accelerated this maturation in a dose-dependent manner, so that after only 3 days the majority of large cells acquired the morphology, phenotype, and function characteristics of mature DC. Furthermore, supernatants from cultures containing spontaneously maturing DC revealed low levels of endogenous IFN production. Because of the similarity of the activation of DC in our culture system with the phenotypic and functional changes observed during Langerhans cells activation and migration in vivo, we investigated the effect of IFN-alpha on human Langerhans cell migration. IFN-alpha also activated the migration of human split skin-derived DC, demonstrating that this effect was not limited to DC derived in vitro from hemopoietic progenitor cells. DC activation by type I IFNs represents a novel mechanism of immunomodulation by these cytokines, which could be important during antiviral responses and autoimmune reactions.
High-gain erbium-doped traveling-wave fiber amplifier (1987)

Traveling-wave amplification of a lambda = 1.53 microm signal with +22-dB gain is achieved at 295 K in an Er(3+)-doped single-mode fiber using a lambda = 514.5 nm pump source. The optimum fiber length for maximum gain is determined experimentally. A limit in signal-to-noise ratio that is due to concurrent amplification of spontaneous emission is observed. By cooling the fiber to 77 K, the amplifier gain is increased to +29 dB as a result of depopulation of the lower laser level.
Existence of renin in the endothelium of human artery (1992)

Renin is present in endothelial cells of human arteries under non-pathological conditions. Endothelial renin may play a role in the control of vascular tone through local production of angiotensin II.
Credit risk assessment model for Jordanian commercial banks: Neural scoring approach (2014)

Despite the increase in the number of non-performing loans and competition in the banking market, most of the Jordanian commercial banks are reluctant to use data mining tools to support credit decisions. Artificial neural networks represent a new family of statistical techniques and promising data mining tools that have been used successfully in classification problems in many domains. This paper proposes two credit scoring models using data mining techniques to support loan decisions for the Jordanian commercial banks. Loan application evaluation would improve credit decision effectiveness and control loan office tasks, as well as save analysis time and cost. Both accepted and rejected loan applications, from different Jordanian commercial banks, were used to build the credit scoring models. The results indicate that the logistic regression model performed slightly better than the radial basis function model in terms of the overall accuracy rate. However, the radial basis function was superior in identifying those customers who may default.
Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on the expression of prostate cancer biomarkers MSMB and MSMB-binding protein CRISP3 (2010)

We have investigated the effects of short-term neoadjuvant and long-term androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) on β-microseminoprotein (MSMB) and cysteine-rich secretory protein-3 (CRISP3) expression in prostate cancer patients. We also studied if MSMB expression was related to genotype and epigenetic silencing. Using an Affymetrix cDNA microarray analysis, we investigated the expression of MSMB, CRISP3, androgen receptor (AR), KLK3 and Enhancer of Zeste Homologue-2 (EZH2) in tissue from prostate cancer patients receiving (n=17) or not receiving (n=23) ADT before radical prostatectomy. MSMB, CRISP3 and AR were studied in tissue from the same patients undergoing TURP before and during ADT (n=16). MSMB genotyping of these patients was performed by TaqMan PCR. MSMB and KLK3 expression levels decreased during ADT. Expression levels of AR and CRISP3 were not affected by short-term ADT but were high in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and metastases. Levels of EZH2 were also high in metastases, where MSMB was low. Genotyping of the MSMB rs10993994 polymorphism showed that the TT genotype conveys poor MSMB expression. MSMB expression is influenced by androgens, but also by genotype and epigenetic silencing. AR and CRISP3 expression are not influenced by short-term ADT, and high levels were found in CRPC and metastases.
Permutations on Illiac IV-Type Networks (1986)

Performing permutations of data on SIMD computers efficiently is important for high-speed execution of parallel algorithms. In this correspondence we consider realizing permutations such as perfect shuffle, matrix transpose, bit-reversal, the class of bit-permute- complement (BPC), the class of Omega, and inverse Omega permutations on N = 2n processors with Illiac IV-type interconnection network, where each processor is connected to processors at distances of ± 1 and ± N. The minimum number of data transfer operations required for realizing any of these permutations on such a network is shown to be 2(N − 1). We provide a general three-phase strategy for realizing permutations and derive routing algorithms for performing perfect shuffle, Omega, Inverse Omega, bit reversal, and matrix-transpose permutations in 2(N − 1) steps. Our approach is quite simple, and unlike previous approaches, makes efficient use of the topology of the Illiac IV-type network to realize these permutations using the optimum number of data transfers. Our strategy is quite powerful: any permutation can be realized using this strategy in 3(N − 1) steps.
Device characteristics of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes depending on the electron transport materials (2011)

Iridium-(III)-bis[(4,6-di-fluorophenyl)-pyridinate-N,C2′]picolinate-based blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with different electron transport materials were fabricated. Each electron transport material had different electron mobilities and triplet energies. The device with 1,3,5-tri(m-pyrid-3-yl-phenyl)benzene had the highest external quantum efficiency (20.1%) and luminous current efficiency (33.1 cd/A) due to its high electron mobility and triplet energy. The operational stability of each device was also compared with that of the others. The device with 2,2′,2″(1,3,5-benzenetriyl)tris-(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) was found to have a longer lifetime than the other devices.
The micro-Resistive WELL detector: a compact spark-protected single amplification-stage MPGD (2015)

In this work we present a novel idea for a compact spark-protected single amplification\nstage Micro-Pattern Gas Detector (MPGD). The detector amplification stage, realized with a\nstructure very similar to a GEM foil, is embedded through a resistive layer in the readout board.\nA cathode electrode, defining the gas conversion/drift gap, completes the detector mechanics. The\nnew structure, that we call micro-Resistive WELL (-RWELL), has some characteristics in common\nwith previous MPGDs, such as C.A.T. and WELL, developed more than ten years ago. The\nprototype object of the present study has been realized in the 2009 by TE-MPE-EM Workshop at\nCERN. The new architecture is a very compact MPGD, robust against discharges and exhibiting a\nlarge gain ( 6103), simple to construct and easy for engineering and then suitable for large area\ntracking devices as well as huge calorimetric apparata.
Nacre-Inspired Design of Mechanical Stable Coating with Underwater Superoleophobicity (2013)

Because of the frequent oil spill accidents in marine environment, stable superoleophobic coatings under seawater are highly desired. Current underwater superoleophobic surfaces often suffer from mechanical damages and lose their superoleophobicity gradually. It remains a challenge to fabricate a stable and robust underwater superoleophobic film which can endure harsh conditions in practical application. Nacre is one of most extensively studied rigid biological materials. Inspired by the outstanding mechanical property of seashell nacre and those underwater superoleophobic surfaces from nature, we fabricated a polyelectrolyte/clay hybrid film via typical layer-by-layer (LBL) method based on building blocks with high surface energy. 'Bricks-and-mortar' structure of seashell nacre was conceptually replicated into the prepared film, which endows the obtained film with excellent mechanical property and great abrasion resistance. In addtion, the prepared film also exhibits stable underwater superoleophobicity, low oil adhesion, and outstanding environment durability in artificial seawater. We anticipate that this work will provide a new method to design underwater low-oil-adhesion film with excellent mechanical property and improved stability, which may advance the practical applications in marine antifouling and microfluidic devices.
Effect of heat treatment on tumor cells and antitumor effector cells. (1990)

We examined the effects of heat treatment on tumor cells and antitumor effector cells in order to investigate the combined effects of hyperthermia and immunotherapy including adoptive immunotherapy. Plasmacytoma MOPC104E syngeneic to BALB/c mice was used as the tumor cell line, while fresh spleen cells immunized to MOPC104E (IM-FSC) and interleukin-2-cultured lymphocytes induced in vitro from IM-FSC (CL) were used as the effector cells. Tumor cells or effector cells were heat-treated in a water bath at 42 degrees C for 30 or 60 min. Tumor cells heat-treated at 42 degrees C for 30 min grew temporarily and then regressed in the tumor transfer test, whereas untreated tumor cells showed no regression under any conditions. Furthermore, fresh spleen cells of mice inoculated with heat-treated tumor cells from regressed tumors showed marked tumor-neutralizing activity. The antitumor effects of CL were markedly inhibited by heat treatment according to the results of the tumor-neutralizing test and the 51Cr release assay, whereas heat treatment had little influence on the antitumor activity of IM-FSC. However, the neutralizing activity of effectors and the killing activity of CL against heat-treated tumor cells were both markedly augmented, since the susceptibility of the tumor cells to the antitumor effector cells was augmented by heat treatment. These results suggest that heat treatment of tumor cells augments the antitumor effects of IM-FSC and CL, hence we speculate that hyperthermia augments the effects of immunotherapy including adoptive immunotherapy.
Current and Future Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis (2013)

With the introduction of interferon- β 1b in 1993 as the first FDA-approved treatment for multiple sclerosis, the era of treatment of this incurable disease began, and its natural course was permanently changed. Currently, seven different treatments for patients with multiple sclerosis with different mechanisms of action and dissimilar side effect profiles exist. These medications include interferon- β 1a intramuscular (Avonex), interferon- β 1a subcutaneous (Rebif), interferon- β 1b subcutaneous (Betaseron/Extavia), glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), natalizumab (Tysabri), fingolimod (Gilenya), teriflunomide (Aubagio), and mitoxantrone (Novantrone). In addition, a large number of clinical trials are being conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of various experimental agents in patients with multiple sclerosis, including alemtuzumab, dimethyl fumarate, laquinimod, rituximab, daclizumab, and cladribine. In this paper, the author presents a concise and comprehensive review of present and potential treatments for this incurable disease.