gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medium access control and air-interface subsystem for an indoor wireless ATM network (2002)

An indoor wireless network based on room-sized cells has been prototyped at AT&T Bell Laboratories to investigate ubiquitous tetherless access to multimedia information. A distinguishing feature of this network, named SWAN, is its use of end-to-end ATM connectivity as opposed to connection-less mobile-IP connectivity used by present day wireless LANs. This paper focuses on medium access control (MAC) and air-interface sub-system in SWAN. The design of this sub-system is made interesting by the interplay of wireless aspects with ATM and mobility. A MAC based on token passing and mobile-initiated hand-off is used in conjunction with novel algorithms to reroute ATM virtual circuits. The functionality is partitioned three-way amongst dedicated hardware and dedicated embedded processor software located on a flexible wireless ATM adapter card, and the host processor software.
Heparanases and tumor metastasis (1988)

The successful penetration of endothelial basement membranes is an important process in the formation of hematogenous tumor metastases. Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan is a major constituent of endothelial basement membranes, and we have found that HS-degradative activities of metastatic B16 melanoma sublines correlate with their lung-colonizing potentials. The melanoma HS-degrading enzyme is a unique endo-beta-D-glucuronidase (heparanase) that cleaves HS at specific intrachain sites and is detectable in a variety of cultured human malignant melanomas. The treatment of B16 melanoma cells with heparanase inhibitors that have few other biological activities, such as N-acetylated N-desulfated heparin, results in significant reductions in the numbers of experimental lung metastases in syngeneic mice, indicating that heparanase plays an important role in melanoma metastasis. HS-degrading endoglycosidases are not tumor-specific and have been found in several normal tissues and cells. There are at least three types of endo-beta-D-glucuronidases based on their substrate specificities. Melanoma heparanase, an Mr approximately 96,000 enzyme with specificity for beta-D-glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl linkages in HS, is different from platelet and mastocytoma endoglucuronidases. Elevated levels of heparanase have been detected in sera from metastatic tumor-bearing animals and malignant melanoma patients, and a correlation exists between serum heparanase activity and extent of metastases. The results suggest that heparanase is potentially a useful marker for tumor metastasis.
A Biomimetic Sensor Based on a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as a Recognition Element Combined with Fiber-Optic Detection (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Biomimetic Sensor Based on a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as a Recognition Element Combined with Fiber-Optic DetectionDario. Kriz, Olof. Ramstroem, Anders. Svensson, and Klaus. MosbachCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 13, 2142–2144Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00109a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00109a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1390Altmetric-Citations228LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microfabricated mammalian organ systems and their integration into models of whole animals and humans (2013)

While in vitro cell based systems have been an invaluable tool in biology, they often suffer from a lack of physiological relevance. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo systems has been a bottleneck in drug development process and biological sciences. The recent progress in microtechnology has enabled manipulation of cellular environment at a physiologically relevant length scale, which has led to the development of novel in vitro organ systems, often termed 'organ-on-a-chip' systems. By mimicking the cellular environment of in vivo tissues, various organ-on-a-chip systems have been reported to reproduce target organ functions better than conventional in vitro model systems. Ultimately, these organ-on-a-chip systems will converge into multi-organ 'body-on-a-chip' systems composed of functional tissues that reproduce the dynamics of the whole-body response. Such microscale in vitro systems will open up new possibilities in medical science and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering ina fibre bychanging the core radius (1995)

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a fibre is suppressed by making the core radius nonuniform along its length to utilise the core-radius dependence of the longitudinal acoustic frequency. The effective Brillouin gain of an SBS suppression fibre prepared by the VAD method was reduced by 3.5 dB compared with conventional fibres.
[Effects of rHuEPO on cellular proliferation and endothelin-1 production in cultured endothelial cells]. (1994)

To elucidate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on endothelial cell proliferation, protein synthesis and endothelin-1 (ET) production by endothelial cells were examined in a cultured endothelial cell (EC) system. EC, incubated with various concentrations of rHuEPO (0, 1000, 5000, 10,000mU/ml) for up to 3 days exhibited dose-dependent cellular proliferation that could be inhibited by anti-rHuEPO rabbit antiserum. DNA and protein synthesis, measured by the uptake of 3H-thymidine and 3H-leucine, respectively, showed dose-dependent increases after incubation of confluent EC in the resting phase of the cell cycle with various concentrations of rHuEPO (0, 1000, 2500, 5000, 10,000mU/ml) for 18 h. After an additional 6-h culture with rHuEPO at 5000mU/ml or more, the supernatant concentrations of immunoreactive ET showed significantly greater values than those without rHuEPO. Furthermore, rHuEPO increased the DNA synthesis by EC, which had been cultured in E-BM medium containing 0.5% or 2% FBS for 3 h, and which were recultured in E-BM medium containing 5% FBS or containing 2% FBS with 10 ng/ml EGF for 15 h. These results suggest that rHuEPO directly stimulates EC proliferation as a competence factor, and also accelerates endothelin-1 production in association with stimulation of DNA and protein synthesis by EC.
Fueling Open‐Source Drug Discovery: 177 Small‐Molecule Leads against Tuberculosis (2013)

With the aim of fuelling open-source, translational, early-stage drug discovery activities, the results of the recently completed antimycobacterial phenotypic screening campaign against Mycobacterium bovis BCG with hit confirmation in M. tuberculosis H37Rv were made publicly accessible. A set of 177 potent non-cytotoxic H37Rv hits was identified and will be made available to maximize the potential impact of the compounds toward a chemical genetics/proteomics exercise, while at the same time providing a plethora of potential starting points for new synthetic lead-generation activities. Two additional drug-discovery-relevant datasets are included: a) a drug-like property analysis reflecting the latest lead-like guidelines and b) an early lead-generation package of the most promising hits within the clusters identified.
MOCZ for Blind Short-Packet Communication: Some Practical Aspects (2019)

We will investigate practical aspects for a recently introduced blind (noncoherent) communication scheme, called modulation on conjugate-reciprocal zeros (MOCZ), which enables reliable transmission of sporadic and short-packets at ultra-low latency in unknown wireless multipath channels, which are static over the receive duration of one packet. Here the information is modulated on the zeros of the transmitted discrete-time baseband signal's $z-$transform. Due to ubiquitous impairments between transmitter and receiver clocks a carrier frequency offset (CFO) will occur after a down-conversion to the baseband, which results in a common rotation of the zeros. To identify fractional rotations of the base angle in the zero-pattern, we propose an oversampled direct zero testing decoder to identify the most likely one. Integer rotations correspond to cyclic shifts of the binary message, which we compensate by a cyclically permutable code (CPC). Additionally, the embedding of CPCs into cyclic codes, allows to exploit additive error correction which reduces the bit-error-rate tremendously. Furthermore, we use the trident structure in the signals autocorrelation to estimate timing offsets and the channels effective delay spread. We finally demonstrate how these impairment estimations can be largely improved by receive antenna diversity, which enables extreme bursty reliable communication at low latency and SNR.
Antibacterial activities of fluorovinyl- and chlorovinylglycine and several derived dipeptides (1988)

The in vitro antibacterial activities of several halovinylglycine compounds and their L-norvalyl peptide derivatives are presented. The most potent of them, L-norvalyl-L-chlorovinylglycine, displayed good activity against gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species. Chlorovinylglycine is an efficient inhibitor of alanine racemase, but the antibacterial activity of L-norvalyl-L-chlorovinylglycine may involve other physiological targets as well.
Photo- and electropatterning of hydrogel-encapsulated living cell arrays (2004)

Living cells have the potential to serve as sensors, naturally integrating the response to stimuli to generate predictions about cell fate (e.g., differentiation, migration, proliferation, apoptosis). Miniaturized arrays of living cells further offer the capability to interrogate many cells in parallel and thereby enable high-throughput and/or combinatorial assays. However, the interface between living cells and synthetic chip platforms is a critical one wherein the cellular phenotype must be preserved to generate useful signals. While some cell types retain tissue-specific features on a flat (2-D) surface, it has become increasingly apparent that a 3-D physical environment will be required for others. In this paper, we present two independent methods for creating living cell arrays that are encapsulated within a poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel to create a local 3-D microenvironment. First, 'photopatterning' selectively crosslinks hydrogel microstructures containing living cells with approximately 100 microm feature size. Second, 'electropatterning' utilizes dielectrophoretic forces to position cells within a prepolymer solution prior to crosslinking, forming cell patterns with micron resolution. We further combine these methods to obtain hierarchical control of cell positioning over length scales ranging from microns to centimeters. This level of microenvironmental control should enable the fabrication of next-generation cellular microarrays in which robust 3-D cultures of cells are presented with appropriate physical and chemical cues and, consequently, report on cellular responses that resemble in vivo behavior.
Studies in Cephalotaxus alkaloids. Stereospecific total synthesis of homoharringtonine (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Cephalotaxus alkaloids. Stereospecific total synthesis of homoharringtonineSayoko Hiranuma, Misako Shibata, and Tomas HudlickyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 26, 5321–5326Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00174a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00174a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views562Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and opportunistic infection — an update: Table 1 (2008)

A severe CD4 T-cell depletion predisposes humans to opportunistic infections. In recent years, reports of cases of opportunistic infections caused by CD4 T-cell depletion without HIV infection have been accumulating. Such cases, termed idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia (ICL), are very rare. The epidemiologic data do not suggest that the condition is caused by a transmissible agent. Unlike HIV infection, the decrease in the CD4 cell counts of patients with ICL is often slow. The clinical spectrum of ICL ranges from an asymptomatic laboratory abnormality to life-threatening opportunistic infections. However, the pathogens, clinical significance and treatment of ICL patients still await systematic research. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the poorly understood syndrome of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, providing key insights into the pathogenesis and immunologic characteristics, and suggesting approaches to enhance CD4 T-cell counts.
Identification of Lys-Pro-Gln as a Novel Cleavage Site Specificity of Saliva-associated Proteases (2008)

The nonsterile environment of the oral cavity facilitates substantial proteolytic processing, not only of resident salivary proteins but also of dietary proteins. To gain insight into whole saliva enzymatic processes, the in vivo generated peptides in this oral fluid were subjected to nano-flow liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The 182 peptides identified were predominantly derived from acidic and basic proline-rich proteins, statherin, and histatins. The proteolytic cleavages in the basic proline-rich proteins occurred preferentially after a Gln residue with predominant specificity for the tripeptide Xaa-Pro-Gln, where Xaa in the P(3) position was mostly represented by Lys. Using the synthetic substrates Lys-Pro-Gln-pNA and Gly-Gly-Gln-pNA, the overall K(m) values were determined to be 97 +/- 7.7 and 611 +/- 28 microm, respectively, confirming glutamine endoprotease activity in whole saliva and the influence of the amino acids in positions P(2) and P(3) on protease recognition. The pH optimum of Lys-Pro-Gln-pNA hydrolysis was 7.0, and the activity was most effectively inhibited by antipain and 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride, was metal ion-dependent, and not inhibited by cysteine protease inhibitors. A systematic evaluation of enzyme activities in various exocrine and nonexocrine contributors to whole saliva revealed that the glutamine endoprotease is derived from dental plaque and likely microbial in origin. The P(1) site being occupied by a Gln residue is a nonarchetype with respect to known proteases and indicates the presence of novel glutamine-specific endoprotease(s) in oral fluid.
Redox State of Cytochrome c Regulates Cellular ROS and Caspase Cascade in Permeablized Cell Model (2008)

In a permeablized cell system, oxidized cyt c is able to induce caspase cascade whereas reduced cyt c cannot. In in vitro experiments, oxidized cyt c can promote H(2)O(2) generation. It is suggested that the redox state of cyt c might regulate the initiation of apoptosis via regulation of cellular ROS level.
PRDM9 Is a Major Determinant of Meiotic Recombination Hotspots in Humans and Mice (2009)

Meiotic recombination events cluster into narrow segments of the genome, defined as hotspots. Here, we demonstrate that a major player for hotspot specification is the Prdm9 gene. First, two mouse strains that differ in hotspot usage are polymorphic for the zinc finger DNA binding array of PRDM9. Second, the human consensus PRDM9 allele is predicted to recognize the 13-mer motif enriched at human hotspots; this DNA binding specificity is verified by in vitro studies. Third, allelic variants of PRDM9 zinc fingers are significantly associated with variability in genome-wide hotspot usage among humans. Our results provide a molecular basis for the distribution of meiotic recombination in mammals, in which the binding of PRDM9 to specific DNA sequences targets the initiation of recombination at specific locations in the genome.
Ventricle to sagittal sinus shunt for hydrocephalus (1979)

A technique of shunting the lateral ventricle to the superior sagittal sinus is described. It has been used in 36 adult patients; infection occurred in 2 patients (5.6%), and 2 patients required shunt revision (5.6%). The outcome of 18 patients with high pressure hydrocephalus could be validly evaluated, and successful control was achieved in 15 (83%). One of the 3 failures could have been avoided because shunting was undertaken before the ventricular fluid had cleared of blood. Four patients with normal or low pressure hydrocephalus were treated; only 1 had a successful result. This technique is suitable for patients with high pressure hydrocephalus and is of particular value in very ill or debilitated patients because of the rapidity with which it can be performed under local analgesia. Its use in normal or low pressure hydrocephalus must still be evaluated. In any event, the sagittal sinus is certainly a feasible alternate receptor site for ventricular shunting.
A randomised, prospective study comparing selective laser trabeculoplasty with latanoprost for the control of intraocular pressure in ocular hypertension and open angle glaucoma (2005)

Success rates were higher with latanoprost 0.005% at night than with 90 degrees and 180 degrees SLT treatments. 90 degrees SLT is generally not effective. 360 degrees SLT appears to be an effective treatment with approximately 60% of eyes achieving an IOP reduction of 30% or more. Transient anterior uveitis with associated ocular discomfort is not unusual in the first few days after SLT. Late complications causing ocular morbidity after SLT were not encountered.
Applications of charge transfer devices in spectroscopy (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplications of charge transfer devices in spectroscopyPatrick M. Epperson, Jonathan V. Sweedler, Robert B. Bilhorn, Gary R. Sims, and M. Bonner DentonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 5, 327A–335APublication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00156a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00156a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views394Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transience in polyion complexation between nicotinamide-modified dextran and carboxymethyl dextran during enzymatic degradation of dextran (2001)

A self-regulated degradation system using polyion complexation through oxidation reaction from degradation products was preliminarily studied. 1,4-Dihydronicotinamide-modified dextran (NAH-Dex) with different molecular weights was prepared, and NAH moiety in NAH-Dex was oxidized by H2O2 to the dehydrated form (NA+-Dex). The dependence of stoichiometry, concentration, and molecular weight on polyion complexation with carboxymethyl dextran (CMD) were examined. NA+-Dex with a molecular weight above 40000 formed an insoluble complex with CMD, and the complexation was found to proceed stoichiometrically. The extent of polyion complexation was dependent on the concentration of NA+-Dex and CMD, whereas the time to reach complexation was dependent on H2O2 concentration. When H2O2 and dextranase were added to the solution containing NAH-Dex, CMD, and dextran, transmittance dropped and then increased again. From these results, the addition of dextran into the system of H2O2, NAH-Dex, CMD, and dextranase can regulate formation and dissociation of the polyion complex between NA+-Dex and CMD. The antagonistical inhibition of the degradation of the polyion complex is a key parameter of the self-regulated degradation system.
Corynebacterium efficiens sp. nov., a glutamic-acid-producing species from soil and vegetables. (2002)

Three glutamic-acid-producing coryneform strains were isolated from soil and vegetable samples. Chemotaxonomic investigations indicated that these strains belonged to the genus Corynebacterium. Phylogenetic studies, based on 16S rDNA analysis, demonstrated that the three strains formed a distinct cluster within the genus Corynebacterium and that their nearest relatives were Corynebacterium glutamicum and Corynebacterium callunae, also known as glutamic-acid-producing species. The data from 16S rDNA sequence and DNA-DNA relatedness studies clearly indicated that the three isolates represented a new species within the genus Corynebacterium. All of the isolates could grow at 45 degrees C and produced acid from dextrin; these were the most significant characteristics differentiating the three isolates from their neighbours. On the basis of the data presented here, it is proposed that the three glutamic-acid-producing isolates together be classified as Corynebacterium efficiens sp. nov., the type strain of which is YS-314T (= AJ 12310T = JCM 11189T = DSM 44549T).