gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concise encyclopedia of medical & dental materials (1991)

Selected Articles: Acoustic measurements of bone and bone-implant systems. Acrylic dental polymers. Acrylics for implantation. Adhesives in medicine. Aluminum oxide. Arteries, synthetic. Biocompatibility of dental materials. Biocompatibility: an overview. Biodegradation of medical polymers. Biomaterial-blood interactions. Carbons. Chemical adhesion in dental restoratives. Cobalt-based alloys. Collagen. Corrosion of dental materials. Dental amalgams. Dental implants. Dental materials: clinical evaluation. Dental plaster and stone. Dental porcelain. Denture base resins. Drugs: attachment to polymers. Endodontic materials. Elastomers for dental use. Fracture toughness. Glasses: agricultural and veterinary applications. Glasses: medical applications. Gold alloys for dental use. Heart-valve replacement materials. Hemodialysis membranes. Heparinized materials. Hydrogels. Invasive sensors. Iron-based alloys. Maxillofacial prostheses. Metals for medical electrodes. Ormosils: organically modified silicates. Polyesters and polyamides. Polymers for controlled drug delivery. Polysiloxanes. Polyurethanes. Porcelain-metal bonding in dentistry. Porous biomaterials. Silver in medical applications. Soluble polymers in drug delivery systems. Sterilization using ethylene oxide. Surface structure and properties. Suture materials. Tantalum and niobium. Titanium and titanium alloys. Wrought dental wires. Zirconia-toughened ceramics.
WikiRelate! computing semantic relatedness using wikipedia (2006)

Wikipedia provides a knowledge base for computing word relatedness in a more structured fashion than a search engine and with more coverage than WordNet.In this work we present experiments on using Wikipedia for computing semantic relatedness and compare it to WordNet on various benchmarking datasets.Existing relatedness measures perform better using Wikipedia than a baseline given by Google counts, and we show that Wikipedia outperforms WordNet when applied to the largest available dataset designed for that purpose.The best results on this dataset are obtained by integrating Google, WordNet and Wikipedia based measures.We also show that including Wikipedia improves the performance of an NLP application processing naturally occurring texts.
The SYNTHIA Dataset: A Large Collection of Synthetic Images for Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes (2016)

Vision-based semantic segmentation in urban scenarios is a key functionality for autonomous driving. Recent revolutionary results of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) foreshadow the advent of reliable classifiers to perform such visual tasks. However, DCNNs require learning of many parameters from raw images, thus, having a sufficient amount of diverse images with class annotations is needed. These annotations are obtained via cumbersome, human labour which is particularly challenging for semantic segmentation since pixel-level annotations are required. In this paper, we propose to use a virtual world to automatically generate realistic synthetic images with pixel-level annotations. Then, we address the question of how useful such data can be for semantic segmentation - in particular, when using a DCNN paradigm. In order to answer this question we have generated a synthetic collection of diverse urban images, named SYNTHIA, with automatically generated class annotations. We use SYNTHIA in combination with publicly available real-world urban images with manually provided annotations. Then, we conduct experiments with DCNNs that show how the inclusion of SYNTHIA in the training stage significantly improves performance on the semantic segmentation task.
Benzylideneindenes with oxygen attached to the indene ring (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBenzylideneindenes with oxygen attached to the indene ringCarl T. Bahner, David H. Brotherton, and Harold KinderCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 4, 721–722Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00304a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00304a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noninvasive system for evaluating the allergen-specific airway response in a murine model of asthma. (1999)

In the present report, we show that the enhanced pause (Penh), a novel indicator of airway responsiveness to bronchoconstrictors, can also be a good marker of airway response to an allergen challenge in a murine model of asthma. Male BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) through a combination of intraperitoneal injection and aerosol inhalation. After this immunization, the OVA-specific IgE titer in serum increased to a significantly higher level than in a saline/PBS-treated control group. After the final OVA aerosol challenge, Penh was repeatedly measured in conscious, unrestrained mice, according to the time schedule. Penh increased gradually after the challenge and reached a maximal value at 24 hours that was significantly higher than the control value (p < 0.01). Histologic examination of the lung revealed airway inflammation with an invasion by eosinophils and lymphocytes from vessels into the peribronchial interstitium and the mucosal and submucosal areas of the bronchus. There was a strong correlation between the Penh value and eosinophil number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (r = 0.699, p < 0.0001). Moreover, Penh also correlated strongly with the intensity score of histologic findings. These results suggest that the bronchial response to a specific allergen could be followed in a particular individual through the noninvasive Penh method, and that Penh accurately reflects the intensity of eosinophilic bronchial inflammation. This system would be applicable to a noninvasive, chronological evaluation of various experimental interventions in a murine model of asthma.
GlycA Is a Novel Biomarker of Inflammation and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Psoriasis (2016)

GlycA associated with psoriasis severity and subclinical CVD beyond traditional CV risk and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Moreover, psoriasis treatment reduced GlycA and VI. These findings support the potential use of GlycA in subclinical CVD risk assessment in psoriasis and potentially other inflammatory diseases.
Kinetic Bias in Estimates of Coastal Picoplankton Community Structure Obtained by Measurements of Small-Subunit rRNA Gene PCR Amplicon Length Heterogeneity (1998)

Marine bacterioplankton diversity was examined by quantifying natural length variation in the 5' domain of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA genes (rDNA) amplified by PCR from a DNA sample from the Oregon coast. This new technique, length heterogeneity analysis by PCR (LH-PCR), determines the relative proportions of amplicons originating from different organisms by measuring the fluorescence emission of a labeled primer used in the amplification reaction. Relationships between the sizes of amplicons and gene phylogeny were predicted by an analysis of 366 SSU rDNA sequences from cultivated marine bacteria and from bacterial genes cloned directly from environmental samples. LH-PCR was used to compare the distribution of bacterioplankton SSU rDNAs from a coastal water sample with that of an SSU rDNA clone library prepared from the same sample and also to examine the distribution of genes in the PCR products from which the clone library was prepared. The analysis revealed that the relative frequencies of genes amplified from natural communities are highly reproducible for replicate sets of PCRs but that a bias possibly caused by the reannealing kinetics of product molecules can skew gene frequencies when PCR product concentrations exceed threshold values.
Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Expression Upregulates Fibroblast Contractile Activity (2001)

To evaluate whether alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) plays a role in fibroblast contractility, we first compared the contractile activity of rat subcutaneous fibroblasts (SCFs), expressing low levels of alpha-SMA, with that of lung fibroblasts (LFs), expressing high levels of alpha-SMA, with the use of silicone substrates of different stiffness degrees. On medium stiffness substrates the percentage of cells producing wrinkles was similar to that of alpha-SMA-positive cells in each fibroblast population. On high stiffness substrates, wrinkle production was limited to a subpopulation of LFs very positive for alpha-SMA. In a second approach, we measured the isotonic contraction of SCF- and LF-populated attached collagen lattices. SCFs exhibited 41% diameter reduction compared with 63% by LFs. TGFbeta1 increased alpha-SMA expression and lattice contraction by SCFs to the levels of LFs; TGFbeta-antagonizing agents reduced alpha-SMA expression and lattice contraction by LFs to the level of SCFs. Finally, 3T3 fibroblasts transiently or permanently transfected with alpha-SMA cDNA exhibited a significantly higher lattice contraction compared with wild-type 3T3 fibroblasts or to fibroblasts transfected with alpha-cardiac and beta- or gamma-cytoplasmic actin. This took place in the absence of any change in smooth muscle or nonmuscle myosin heavy-chain expression. Our results indicate that an increased alpha-SMA expression is sufficient to enhance fibroblast contractile activity.
Experimental studies of SDMA schemes for wireless communications (2002)

This paper presents some preliminary results of experimental studies of space-division-multiple-access (SDMA) systems for wireless communications to expand capacity, increase coverage, and improve quality. Although SDMA schemes have been studied by a number of researchers, most of these studies are based on theoretical analyses and computer simulations. Very few real RF or microwave experiments have been conducted to validate the feasibility of various signal processing algorithms, such as direction finding and signal copy techniques. Also, no extensive experiments have been conducted to study the channel propagation associated with multiple antennas. The purpose of this paper is to present our preliminary experimental results using our recently developed antenna array testbed. We will also discuss the implications of these results on various array signal processing algorithms.
Photoregulation of the Formation and Dissociation of a DNA Duplex by Using thecis-trans Isomerization of Azobenzene (1999)

The duplex-forming activity of an oligonucleotide has been photoregulated by making use of the isomerization of an azobenzene moiety in the side chain. When the azobenzene moiety is isomerized from the trans form to the cis form upon photoirradiation, the melting temperature of the duplex between the oligonucleotide and its complementary counterpart is significantly lowered, and the duplex is largely dissociated into two single-stranded oligonucleotides (shown schematically).
Rapid evolution of immunoglobulin superfamily C2 domains expressed in immune system cells (1997)

To test the hypothesis that proteins expressed in cells of the vertebrate immune system evolve unusually rapidly, 107 orthologous immunoglobulin C2 domains were compared between human and murine rodent. The analysis showed that the rate of nonsynonymous (amino-acid-altering) nucleotide substitution in these domains was correlated with factors associated with protein structure and with breadth of tissue expression, as well as with the rate of synonymous substitution. However, when such factors were controlled for statistically, there remained a strong positive association between expression in the immune system and nonsynonymous rate, with the highest rates being seen in genes expressed in the immune system only. Certain immune system genes are known to be subject to positive selection favoring diversity at the amino acid level; most of these genes encode receptors that interact directly with foreign antigens. The observed acceleration of the rate of nonsynonymous evolution in C2 domains of immune system proteins may be explained by either (1) reduced constraint at the amino acid level on molecules interacting with immune system receptors that are themselves evolving rapidly due to positive diversifying selection or (2) positive selection favoring amino acid changes correlated with changes in the immune system receptors.
MR Angiographic Evaluation of Carotid and Intracranial Arteries in Japanese Patients Scheduled for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (2001)

The prevalence of extracranial carotid and intracranial artery stenosis in Japanese patients scheduled for CABG is considerably high. MR angiography is of value of identifying these patients. Preoperative evaluation of cranial arteries is recommended, particularly in patients with peripheral vascular disease and infarcts in the basal ganglia.
Preclinical Evaluation of the Novel Small-Molecule Integrin α5β1 Inhibitor JSM6427 in Monkey and Rabbit Models of Choroidal Neovascularization (2009)

JSM6427 may provide a new approach for the treatment of ocular neovascular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration in humans.
Synthesis of new derivatives of 2-chloro-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine (2014)

A simple and regioselective synthesis of 2-chloro-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine, through Vilsmeier-Haack cyclization of N -(pyridin-2-yl)acetamide has been reported. The reaction of 2-chloro-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine is also investigated and new series of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives such as 3-chloro-4-(2-chloro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-yl)-1-(phenylamino)azetidin-2-one, 3-chloro-4-(2-chloro-1,8-naphthyridin-3yl)-1-((4-nitrophenyl) amino)-azetidin-2-one and 3-chloro-4-(2-chloro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-yl)-1-((2,4-dinitrophenyl) amino)-azetidin-2-one have been prepared. The formyl group in the 1,8-naphthyridine is subjected to further transformation into alkoxy carbonyl (NIS-K 2 CO 3 /alcohol) to afford 3-alkoxy carbonyl-1,8-naphthyridine and new hetero cyclic compounds such as oxadiazolo, thiadiazolo-thion and triazolo-thion have been prepared. The reaction between 2-chloro-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine and sodium sulphide in DMF produced 2-mercapto-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine. Some of the prepared compounds were found to have good biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Supplementing an immunomodulatory feed ingredient to modulate thermoregulation, physiologic, and production responses in lactating dairy cows under heat stress conditions (2017)

This study compared vaginal temperature, physiologic, and productive parameters in lactating dairy cows supplemented or not with Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) during the summer months in a tropical environment. Thirty-two lactating, primiparous (n = 16) and multiparous (n = 16) pregnant Holstein × Gir cows were ranked by parity, days in milk, body weight, and body condition score (BCS), and assigned to receive (SUPP; n = 16) or not (CON; n = 16) Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) at 56 g/cow daily (as-fed basis). During the experimental period (d -6 to 56), cows were maintained in a single drylot pen with ad libitum access to water and a total mixed ration, and milked twice daily. Cows received Omnigen-AF mixed with 200 g of corn (as-fed basis) after the daily morning milking through self-locking head gates, whereas CON cows concurrently received 56 g of kaolin mixed with 200 g of corn. For feed intake evaluation, cows from both treatments were randomly divided in 4 groups of 8 cows each, and allocated to 8 individual feeding stations for 3 d. Intake was evaluated 4 times per group from d 1 to 56. From d -6 to 0, d 15 to 28, and d 43 to 56, cow vaginal temperature was recorded hourly. Environmental temperature-humidity index (THI) was also recorded hourly from d 15 to 28 and d 43 to 56. Cows were evaluated for body weight and BCS on d -6 and 56, individual milk production was recorded daily from d -6 to 56, and milk samples were collected on d -6, 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 for analyses of somatic cell count and milk components. Blood samples were collected on d -6, -3, 0, 9, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 36, 45, 48, 51, 54, and 56. Results from samples or observations collected from d -6 to 0 were included as an independent covariate in each respective analysis. Environmental THI was 74.2 ± 0.5 and cows were exposed to THI >68 for 633 h within a total of 672 h of evaluation. Cows assigned to CON had greater vaginal temperature on d 28, 43, 45, and from d 48 to 55 (by 0.38 to 0.52%), as well as greater mean somatic cell count (by 97%) and serum haptoglobin concentrations (by 89%) compared with SUPP cows. Cows assigned to SUPP had greater mean dry matter intake (by 7%), BCS on d 56 (by 11%), and mean serum insulin concentrations (by 35%) compared with CON cows. Hence, SUPP ameliorated hyperthermia, improved nutritional status, and modulated systemic and mammary gland immune parameters in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress conditions.
Formulation of a self-emulsifying system for oral delivery of simvastatin: In vitro and in vivo evaluation (2007)

The objective of the present work was to formulate a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) for simvastatin, which is widely used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia as an adjunct to diet. Simvastatin SEDDS were formulated using a 1:1 (V/V) mixture of diesters of caprylic/capric acids and polyglycolyzed glycerides with varying concentrations of polyoxy castor oil and C8/C10 mono-/diglycerides. The developed SEDDS were evaluated for turbidimetry, droplet size analysis, drug content and in vitro diffusion profiles. In vivo performance of the optimized formulation was evaluated in rats using pharmacodynamic marker parameters like plasma total cholesterol (CH), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-CH) for 21 days. SEDDS containing 9.1% (m/m) simvastatin and 23.0% (m/m) of each excipient showed minimum mean droplet size (124 nm) and optimal drug diffusion. This test formulation showed significant reduction in plasma CH and TG (around 5-fold and 4-fold, respectively), while HDL-CH concentration was markedly higher (2-fold) compared a reference simvastatin suspension formulation after oral administration for 21 days of study. Test formulation has shown enhanced pharmacodynamic performance compared to reference formulation in rats. The study illustrated the potential of simvastatin SEDDS for oral administration and its biopharmaceutic performance.
Low-Temperature, Solution-Processed, High-Mobility Polymer Semiconductors for Thin-Film Transistors (2007)

Poly(4,8-dialkyl-2,6-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]dithiophene) 1 represents a new class of polymer semiconductors which self-assemble into higher structural orders without thermal annealing and provide excellent field-effect transistor performance with mobility up to 0.25 cm2 V-1 s-1 when used as a solution-processed thin-film semiconductor in thin-film transistors.
The Hammett Equation (1973)

Preface 1. The Hammett sigma rho relationship 2. Elucidation of reaction mechanisms 3. The separation of inductive, resonance and steric effects: application of the Hammett equation to aliphatic systems 4. Application of the Hammett equation to data other than side chain reactivities of substituted benzenes 5. Thermodynamic aspects of the Hammett equation Problem discussion References Index.
Rapamycin in cardiovascular medicine (2003)

The cellular action of rapamycin (sirolimus), a natural fermentation product produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, is mediated by binding to the FK506 binding protein. By inhibiting a kinase known as the target of rapamycin, it restricts the proliferation of smooth-muscle cells by blocking cell-cycle progression at the G1/S transition. The finding that rapamycin possesses both anti-proliferative and antimigratory activity suggests that it could contribute to the control of arterial re-narrowing after percutaneous intervention and control the vascular manifestations of chronic rejection in transplanted hearts. The first clinical trials of implantation of rapamycin- coated stents in obstructive coronary artery lesions have been reported and, in selected patient groups, it appears that the restenosis process has been abolished. Studies are underway to establish the benefits of rapamycin-coated stents in day-to-day interventional practice, including small vessels, long lesions and patients with multivessel disease. With the addition of novel antiplatelet agents and delivery systems, it is possible that the two major limitations of percutaneous coronary intervention - restenosis and stent thrombosis - will be overcome. Cardiac graft loss due to intimal hyperplasia and accelerated atherosclerosis remains the major limitation to long-term survival following cardiac transplantation. Animal studies of rapamycin have suggested that this process can be reduced or abolished. Human studies of the efficacy of rapamycin in preventing both acute rejection and allograft arterial disease are in progress. Concerns regarding toxicity, carcinogenicity, delayed healing and endothelialization remain. As with any new agent or technology, we must remain vigilant to late adverse side-effects.
Right and Left Myocardial Antioxidant Responses During Heart Failure Subsequent to Myocardial Infarction (1997)

These data show that heart failure subsequent to MI is associated with an antioxidant deficit as well as increased oxidative stress, first in the LV, followed by the RV. Furthermore, these changes correlated with the hemodynamic function in each of the ventricles, suggesting their role in the pathogenesis of ventricular dysfunction.