gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactivation of phosphorylated acetocholinesterases by pyridinium aldoximes and related compounds (1960)

Research Article| May 01 1960 Reactivation of phosphorylated acetocholinesterases by pyridinium aldoximes and related compounds F. Hobbiger; F. Hobbiger 1Department of Pharmacology and Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London, W. 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mary Pitman; Mary Pitman 1Department of Pharmacology and Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London, W. 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. W. Sadler P. W. Sadler 1Department of Pharmacology and Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London, W. 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1960) 75 (2): 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0750363 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. Hobbiger, Mary Pitman, P. W. Sadler; Reactivation of phosphorylated acetocholinesterases by pyridinium aldoximes and related compounds. Biochem J 1 May 1960; 75 (2): 363–372. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0750363 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1960 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1960 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Proteomics: Theoretical and Experimental Considerations (1999)

Cellular engineering relies on the ability to decipher the genetic basis of various phenotypes. Emerging technologies for analyzing the biological function of the information encoded in the genome of particular organisms and/or tissues focus on the monitoring of transcription (mRNA) and translation (protein) processes. Elementary theoretical considerations presented in this article strongly suggest that a combination of mRNA and protein expression patterns should be simultaneously considered to fully develop a conceptual understanding of the functional architecture of genomes and gene networks. We propose a framework of experimental and mathematical methods for acquiring and analyzing quantitative proteomic information and discuss recent developments in proteome analytical technology.
Tungsten/titanium nitride low-resistance interconnections durable for high-temperature processing (1988)

Newly developed W/TiN bilayer interconnections, able to withstand high-temperature processing after metalization, are described. Minimum TiN thickness was found to be 100 Å in order to retain adhesion between W and SiO2, while being a reaction barrier between W and Si. Silicidation rate in the W/TiN/Si system was reduced by about 4.5 orders of magnitude, in comparison with a W/Si system at 950 °C. TiN/p+-Si contact resistivity on the order of 10−6 Ω cm2 was realized by boron ion implantation through a TiN layer and rapid thermal annealing for boron activation at temperatures above 1000 °C.
Comparison of the short- and long-lasting effects of perforant path kindling on radial maze learning. (1993)

The present experiment compared the long-lasting with the short-lasting effects of kindling the perforant path input to the hippocampal formation on the acquisition of two radial maze tasks. Animals in the long-term group were fully kindled (i.e., Stage 5 motor seizures were evoked) prior to a stimulation-free training period. Animals in the short-term group were kindled 30-45 min prior to each learning trial. A third group of animals served as controls and were never kindled. On both 8-arm and 4/8-arm radical maze tasks, learning impairments were apparent only in the short-term group. Thus, the impaired learning is more likely related to the short-term aftereffects of an afterdischarge than to any long-term alterations in the neuronal status of the brain caused by kindling.
Early-Onset Alcoholics Have Lower Cerebrospinal Fluid 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Levels Than Late-Onset Alcoholics (1996)

Among treatment-seeking alcoholics, early age at onset is generally associated with a more severe course of alcoholism and lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration.
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pouchitis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2004)

The ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) procedure has become the preferred surgical option for most patients with ulcerative colitis who require surgical removal of the colorectum. The vast majority of patients with this new anatomy will either not develop pouchitis or develop a few discrete episodes of acute pouchitis. However approximately one fourth of patients will develop recurrent pouchitis, with 5% being categorized as chronic pouchitis requiring maintenance therapy or, on rare occasion, pouch excision. Factors that are associated with an increased risk of pouchitis include primary sclerosing cholangitis, extraintestinal manifestations, and nonsmokers. Controversy surrounds other risk factors such as extent of colitis, backwash ileitis, preoperative pANCA levels, and carrying a specific allele for IL-1 receptor antagonist. The etiology of pouchitis is unknown, but theories range from genetic susceptibility, bacterial overgrowth, ischemia, and fecal stasis, to a recurrence of ulcerative colitis in the pouch, a missed diagnosis of Crohn's disease, or possibly a novel third form of inflammatory bowel disease. Some patients with symptoms of pouchitis will not have inflammation of the pouch, but rather, irritable pouch syndrome. Thus, endoscopic investigation with biopsy is important for declaring whether a patient has pouchitis. Indeed, the more commonly used scores, such as the pouch disease activity index, incorporate both endoscopic and histologic criteria. Not surprisingly, treatment options for patients with pouchitis resemble that of regular inflammatory bowel disease, although there have only been a few controlled trials. Antibiotics are the mainstay of therapy, with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin demonstrating benefit in controlled trials. Probiotics are effective for maintaining remission of pouchitis. Mesalamine, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators have been used with some success. Occasionally, patients with well-documented ulcerative colitis as the indication for IPAA will develop what appears to be Crohn's disease of the pouch, on the basis of granulomatous inflammation, pre-pouch ileitis, or fistulae. The treatment is similar to Crohn's disease, including the use of infliximab. Dysplasia within the pouch mucosa itself is quite rare. Reports of dysplasia occurring in patients with IPAA are usually due to neoplastic change within the residual cuff of rectal or transition zone mucosa just below the pouch, rather than in the ileal mucosa of the pouch. With further elucidation of the genetic basis for inflammatory bowel disease, we should be able to more accurately classify patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease genotypically. Hopefully, this will also bring more clarity to the heterogeneous population of patients with pouchitis and allow for more focused therapeutic strategies.
Crystal Reports 8 For Dummies (2000)

From the Publisher:
This friendly guide shows you how to design database reports that tell a clear, compelling story - from simple one-table displays to integrated presentations with all the bells and whistles. Whether your firm uses Access or dBASE, Oracle or Sybase, this book is just what you need to get more done with your data.
A highly conserved 530 base-pair repeated DNA sequence specific for Bordetella pertussis (1988)

The genome of Bordetella pertussis contains a strictly conserved 530 base-pair (bp) repeated sequence present in about 70 to 80 copies and accounting for approximately 1% of the bacterial genome. The repeated element, whose complete nucleotide sequence has been determined, is specific for B. pertussis DNA; it could be detected neither in closely related Bordetella strains nor in other bacterial or eukaryotic DNAs. The repeated sequence is not associated with the control of the expression of virulence determinants.
Stem cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets (2014)

Studies that utilize stem cells for the efficient derivation of megakaryocytes and platelets have played a role in uncovering novel molecular mechanisms of megakaryopoiesis, modeling and correcting relevant diseases, and differentiating platelets that are functional and scalable for translation into the clinic. Efforts to derive megakaryocytes and platelets from pluripotent stem cells foster the opportunity of a revolutionary cellular therapy for the treatment of multiple platelet-associated diseases.
Rapid and Accurate Sizing of DNA Fragments by Ion-Pair Chromatography on Alkylated Nonporous Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) Particles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRapid and Accurate Sizing of DNA Fragments by Ion-Pair Chromatography on Alkylated Nonporous Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) ParticlesChristian G. Huber, Peter J. Oefner, and Guenther K. BonnCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 3, 578–585Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00099a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00099a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views462Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acoustic metamaterial with negative modulus (2009)

We present experimental and theoretical results on an acoustic metamaterial that exhibits a negative effective modulus in a frequency range from 0 to 450 Hz. A one-dimensional acoustic metamaterial with an array of side holes on a tube was fabricated. We observed that acoustic waves above 450 Hz propagated well in this structure, but no sound below 450 Hz passed through. The frequency characteristics of the metamaterial has the same form as that of the permittivity in metals due to the plasma oscillation. We also provide a theory to explain the experimental results.
Identification and characterization of a p53 gene mutation in a human osteosarcoma cell line. (1989)

The nuclear phosphoprotein p53 occurs at elevated levels in many transformed cells. Mutant forms of mouse p53 possess enhanced transforming activity compared with wild type p53. Mutant mouse p53 proteins form complexes with the 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins (HSPs). We previously demonstrated an association between p53 and the 70 kDa HSPs in the human osteosarcoma (HOS) derived cell line HOS-SL. We report here the molecular cloning and sequencing of the p53 gene from HOS-SL cells, and demonstrate that it is in fact mutant. Further, analysis of similar HOS-derived cell lines demonstrates that they also encode the same mutant form of p53, whereas the wild type form of p53 appears to be lost in these cells. Stability studies demonstrate an increased half life of the p53 protein in these cells, in keeping with its association with the HSP 70 proteins. A potential role for this p53 mutant in the transformation process is discussed.
O2‐05‐06: Strong parenchymal amyloid reduction following CAD106 immunotherapy is associated with an increase in vascular Aβ but not microhemorrhages (2009)

In addition to parenchymal amyloid plaques most brains from AD patients contain vascular amyloid, which is considered a risk factor for microhemorrhage. Previous investigations with Aβ antibodies showed variable results regarding their effect on vascular amyloid and microhemorrhages. In this study we have investigated the active Aβ immunotherapy CAD106 for its effect on vascular Aβ and microhemorrhages under conditions resulting in different parenchymal amyloid reduction. The APP transgenic mice used, APP23 and APP24, express human APP751 with the Swedish or the Swedish plus London mutations under control of the murine Thy1-promoter approximately 7 and 3.5-fold over endogenous APP. Accordingly, APP24 mice generate less Aβ but show a higher Aβ42/40 ratio than APP23. Amyloid deposition in the parenchyma and the vasculature is lower as well. Mice of both lines were immunized with CAD106 (Aβ1-6 coupled to the virus-like particle of E. coli phage Qβ) at various ages and for various times. Brain Aβ levels, amyloid plaque load, vascular Aβ and microhemorrhages were determined using standard methods. Following immunization with CAD106, vascular amyloid deposition was not significantly changed in APP23 even if a significant parenchymal amyloid reduction was achieved. In APP24 mice vascular amyloid was increased together with very strong parenchymal plaque reduction but remained unchanged under conditions of low amyloid plaque reduction. The elevation of vascular amyloid primarily resulted from deposition of Aβ42, the main Aβ isoform reduced in the parenchyma. It was deposited in a non-fibrillar (Congo red negative) form. Microhemorrhages were found in aged APP23 mice as described but were very rare in APP24. Neither their frequency nor their severity was changed following CAD06 immunization of both mouse lines. An increase in vascular Aβ occurs in animals showing an efficient reduction of parenchymal amyloid following CAD106 immunization. This elevation is not accompanied by an increase in hemorrhages possibly because the vascular Aβ is deposited in a diffuse, non-fibrillar form.
Activated KrasG12D is associated with invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of E-cadherin (2011)

The results of this study suggest that the Kras(G12D) allele promotes metastasis in PC cells partly through the downregulation of E-cadherin.
Human Lymphocytes Interact Directly with CD47 through a Novel Member of the Signal Regulatory Protein (SIRP) Family (2004)

Two closely related proteins, signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SHPS-1/CD172) and SIRPbeta, have been described in humans. The existence of a third SIRP protein has been suggested by cDNA sequence only. We show that this third SIRP is a separate gene that is expressed as a protein with unique characteristics from both alpha and beta genes and suggest that this gene should be termed SIRPgamma. We have expressed the extracellular region of SIRPgamma as a soluble protein and have shown that, like SIRPalpha, it binds CD47, but with a lower affinity (K(d), approximately 23 microM) compared with SIRPalpha (K(d), approximately 2 microM). mAbs specific to SIRPgamma show that it was not expressed on myeloid cells, in contrast to SIRPalpha and -beta, being expressed instead on the majority of T cells and a proportion of B cells. The short cytoplasmic tail of SIRPgamma does not contain any known signaling motifs, nor does it contain a characteristic lysine, as with SIRPbeta, that is required for DAP12 interaction. DAP12 coexpression is a requirement for SIRPbeta surface expression, whereas SIRPgamma is expressed in its absence. The SIRPgamma-CD47 interaction may therefore not be capable of bidirectional signaling as with the SIRPalpha-CD47, but, instead, use unidirectional signaling via CD47 only.
“Green” electronics: biodegradable and biocompatible materials and devices for sustainable future (2013)

"Green" electronics represents not only a novel scientific term but also an emerging area of research aimed at identifying compounds of natural origin and establishing economically efficient routes for the production of synthetic materials that have applicability in environmentally safe (biodegradable) and/or biocompatible devices. The ultimate goal of this research is to create paths for the production of human- and environmentally friendly electronics in general and the integration of such electronic circuits with living tissue in particular. Researching into the emerging class of "green" electronics may help fulfill not only the original promise of organic electronics that is to deliver low-cost and energy efficient materials and devices but also achieve unimaginable functionalities for electronics, for example benign integration into life and environment. This Review will highlight recent research advancements in this emerging group of materials and their integration in unconventional organic electronic devices.
Gibberellin 2-Oxidases from Seedlings of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Show High Gibberellin-Binding Activity in the Presence of 2-Oxoglutarate and Co2+ (2005)

Five full-length cDNA encoding gibberellin 2-oxidases, VaGA2oxA1, VaGA2oxA2, VaGA2oxB1, VaGA2oxB2, and VaGA2oxB3, were cloned from etiolated adzuki bean (Vigna angularis cv. Dainagon) seedlings, and their enzymatic characteristics were examined using recombinant enzymes fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST). Recombinant VaGA2oxA1 (rVaGA2oxA1) and rVaGA2oxA2 showed 2beta-hydroxylation activity by converting GA1, GA4, GA9, GA20, GA4-methyl ester, and 16,17-dihydro-GA4 to the corresponding 2beta-hydroxylated gibberellins, which were identified by GC/MS. rVaGA2oxB1, rVaGA2oxB2, and rVaGA2oxB3 showed similar activity by converting [3H4]-16,17-dihydro-GA4 to a metabolite showing an Rf value of 16,17-dihydro-GA34. RNA-blot analysis showed that VaGA2oxA1 and VaGA2oxA2 were the major ones expressed in etiolated hypocotyls. The addition of Co2+ instead of Fe2+ to the assay medium apparently reduced the enzymatic activity, but increased the binding of [3H4]-16,17-dihydro-GA4 to rVaGA2oxA1, indicating the possibility that VaGA2oxs can be detected as gibberellin-binding proteins under certain conditions.
Structure and Adhesion of Ni and Ni-WC Plasma Spray Coatings (2000)

Abstract There is typically a large scatter in the observed failure stress, particularly for ceramic coatings. Failure can thus occur not only at the coating-substrate interface where it is desired but also through the coating, the bonding epoxy, or the epoxy/coating interface. A large number of alternative test configurations have been proposed in an attempt avoid such drawbacks, each with their advantages and disadvantages. A test method developed recently by Troczynski and co-workers, known as the Peel Adhesion Test, is of particular interest for this article. The first specimens examined were Ni-WC coatings applied to 150 micrometer thick 1010 stainless steel foils which were grit blasted in the same manner as a bulk substrate would have been. It was observed that the technique appears to offer the capability of providing a sensitive and reproducible measure of the effects of surface treatments and other deposition parameters on coating adhesion.
Dimer Initiation Signal of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Its Role in Partner Selection during RNA Copackaging and Its Effects on Recombination (2007)

Frequent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombination occurs during DNA synthesis when portions of the two copackaged RNAs are used as templates to generate a hybrid DNA copy. Therefore, the frequency of copackaging of genomic RNAs from two different viruses (heterozygous virion formation) affects the generation of genotypically different recombinants. We hypothesized that the selection of copackaged RNA partners is largely determined by Watson-Crick pairing at the dimer initiation signal (DIS), a 6-nucleotide palindromic sequence at the terminal loop of stem-loop 1 (SL1). To test our hypothesis, we examined whether heterozygous virion formation could be encouraged by manipulation of the DIS. Three pairs of viruses were generated with compensatory DIS mutations, designed so that perfect DIS base pairing could only occur between RNAs derived from different viruses, not between RNAs from the same virus. We observed that vector pairs with compensatory DIS mutations had an almost twofold increase in recombination rates compared with wild-type viruses. These data suggest that heterozygous virion formation was enhanced in viruses with compensatory DIS mutations (from 50% to more than 90% in some viral pairings). The role of the SL1 stem in heterozygous virion formation was also tested; our results indicated that the intermolecular base pairing of the stem sequences does not affect RNA partner selection. In summary, our results demonstrate that the Watson-Crick pairing of the DIS is a major determinant in the selection of the copackaged RNA partner, and altering the base pairing of the DIS can change the proportion of heterozygous viruses in a viral population. These results also strongly support the hypothesis that HIV-1 RNA dimers are formed prior to encapsidation.
Current and emerging applications of 3D printing in medicine (2017)

Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables the production of anatomically matched and patient-specific devices and constructs with high tunability and complexity. It also allows on-demand fabrication with high productivity in a cost-effective manner. As a result, 3D printing has become a leading manufacturing technique in healthcare and medicine for a wide range of applications including dentistry, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, engineered tissue models, medical devices, anatomical models and drug formulation. Today, 3D printing is widely adopted by the healthcare industry and academia. It provides commercially available medical products and a platform for emerging research areas including tissue and organ printing. In this review, our goal is to discuss the current and emerging applications of 3D printing in medicine. A brief summary on additive manufacturing technologies and available printable materials is also given. The technological and regulatory barriers that are slowing down the full implementation of 3D printing in the medical field are also discussed.