gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of intracellular Histoplasma capsulatum replication by murine macrophages that produce human defensin (1994)

Although purified defensins are effective microbicides in vitro, their operation within intact phagocytes has not been established. To address this question, we inserted cDNA encoding human defensin HNP-1 into a pBabe/neo retroviral vector and transduced it into RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage line that lacks endogenous defensins. We isolated five independent clones of HNP-1-transduced cells, all of which secreted prodefensin and contained small amounts of fully processed HNP-1. The two clones that produced the largest amounts of defensin (clones 5 and 14), together with wild-type RAW cells and pBabe/neo-transduced RAW cells (control), were used for the present study. All cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-F12 medium that contained 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and gentamicin. The medium used for the transduced cells contained aminoglycoside G418 in lieu of gentamicin. Both wild-type and transduced cells were placed in antibiotic-free medium 96 h prior to challenge with a yeast-phase strain of Histoplasma capsulatum. Phagocytosis of yeast cells was allowed to proceed for 90 min and was followed by washing and further incubation for 18.5 h. Whereas the phagocytic index did not differ significantly among the four cell populations under study, the mean level of intracellular growth of H. capsulatum in the defensin-transduced RAW cells was significantly lower than those observed for any other cell types (P < 0.05). These findings constitute the first instance of xenogeneic expression of an antimicrobial peptide by phagocytes and suggest that macrophages can be armed with defensins to enhance their ability to restrict certain intracellular pathogens.
Immunochemotherapy with Rituximab, Vincristine and 5-Day Cyclophosphamide for Heavily Pretreated Follicular Lymphoma (2005)

The combination of rituximab with vincristine and 5-day cyclophosphamide is able to produce CR in patients with advanced follicular lymphoma, even in patients resistant to third-generation regimens. The regimen designed on the basis of pharmacokinetics of the chimeric antibody seemed important for the clinical efficacy of the combination.
8X8 Optical Waveguide Switch Using Liquid Crystal (1985)

A compact 8x8 optical waveguide matrix switch, with liquid crystal claddin°g on a planer waveguide film, was realized by making use of the large switching angle of 12. In the switch, 64 switching elements were arranged in a 4 mm x 40 mm area, based on a liquid crystal orientation analysis and a ray trace analysis. The switch exhibited 6.8 dB insertion loss and -20.2 dB crosstalk on the average, at 1.3 &mu;m wavelength. A broad-band transmission capability of 400 Mb/s was demonstrated in a transmission experiment.
Employment of Cytokinin Vectors for Marker-Free and Backbone-Free Transformation (2012)

Marker-free methods of plant transformation sacrifice the advantages of a selectable marker during regeneration or add work after regeneration to remove the marker. On the positive side, there is no stably integrated marker gene in the plant genome to present regulatory hurdles or potential biosafety hazards once the plant is released to the environment. A marker-free method that is simple and adaptable to multiple crop species-even asexually propagated species-is presented herein. This method employs an engineered vector that utilizes the isopentenyltransferase (ipt) to drive the regeneration of intragenic cells containing the gene(s) of interest. The ipt gene also acts as a marker to screen against events where the vector backbone is stably integrated.
Effect of growth temperature on several exported enzyme activities in the psychrotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens (1991)

In accordance with previous results, the activity of extracellular proteases from Pseudomonas fluorescens MF0 is maximal at a growth temperature of 17.5 degrees C, well below the optimal growth temperature. In addition, the activities of three periplasmic phosphatases display the same growth temperature optimum. Chemostat experiments have shown that it is the growth temperature itself and not the value of the growth rate that regulates these activities. In contrast, a foreign periplasmic phosphatase, expressed under the control of its own promoter, displays a different sensitivity toward temperature. We conclude that in the psychrotrophic strain P. fluorescens MF0, growth temperature exerts a specific control upon the activity of certain enzymes. The critical temperature (17.5 degrees C) is within the range of normal growth, suggesting that this control is probably different from a cold shock or heat shock response.
The phosphatidylinositide 3'-kinase/Akt survival pathway is a target for the anticancer and radiosensitizing agent PKC412, an inhibitor of protein kinase C. (2001)

Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt survival pathway protects against apoptotic stress stimuli. Therefore, compounds that down-regulate this pathway are of clinical interest for single and combined anticancer treatment modalities. Here we demonstrate that the cytotoxic effect of the protein kinase C (PKC)-inhibitor N-benzoylated staurosporine (PKC412) is mediated via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Dose-dependent down-regulation of the proliferative activity, activation of the apoptotic machinery, and cell killing by PKC412 (0-1 microM) in Rat1a-fibroblasts and H-ras-oncogene-transformed fibroblasts correlated with a decrease of Akt phosphorylation and a reduced phosphorylation of the endogenous Akt-substrate GSK3-alpha. Expression of the dominant-active myristoylated form of Akt abrogated this cytotoxic effect of PKC412. Experiments with Apaf-1-deficient cells revealed that PKC412-induced cytotoxicity depends on an intact apoptosome but that the decrease of Akt phosphorylation is not attributable to apoptosis execution. Comparative experiments indicate that PKC412 and the parent-compound staurosporine down-regulate this survival pathway upstream or at the level of Akt but by a different mechanism than the PI3K-inhibitor LY294002. Furthermore, inhibition of this pathway by PKC412 is relevant for sensitization to ionizing radiation. These results demonstrate the specific role of this signaling pathway for the PKC412-mediated down-regulation of an apoptotic threshold and its cytotoxicity.
Solid‐State Phase Equilibria in the ZnS‐Ga 2 S 3 System (1990)

The ZnS‐Ga 2 S 3 equilibrium phase diagram has been determined to 50 mol% over the temperature range 700° to 900°C. Samples of various compositions were prepared via solid‐state diffusion starting from powders of the pure components. The identification of the phases was determined by X‐ray diffraction methods. The principal feature of the phase equilibria is the eutectoid transformation at 818 ± 5°C of hexagonal wurtzite containing 16 ± 1 mol% Ga 2 S 3 to cubic ZnS and tetragonal ZnGa 2 S 4 . ZnGa 2 S 4 is the equilibrium compound at 50 mol% Ga z S 3 , but it exists over a considerable range of stoichiometry. The solubility of Ga 2 S 3 in ZnS increases with increasing temperature to a maximum of 9 ± 1 mol% at the eutectoid temperature.
Determinants of Ligand Binding Specificity of the α1β1 and α2β1Integrins (1999)

The alpha(1)beta(1) and alpha(2)beta(1) integrins are cell surface collagen receptors. Cells expressing the alpha(1)beta(1) integrin preferentially adhere to collagen IV, whereas cells expressing the alpha(2)beta(1) integrin preferentially adhere to collagen I. Recombinant alpha(1) and alpha(2) integrin I domains exhibit the same collagen type preferences as the intact integrins. In addition, the alpha(2) integrin I domain binds echovirus 1; the alpha(1) I domain does not. To identify the structural components of the I domains responsible for the varying ligand specificities, we have engineered several alpha(1)/alpha(2) integrin I domain chimeras and evaluated their virus and collagen binding activities. Initially, large secondary structural components of the alpha(2) I domain were replaced with corresponding regions of the alpha(1) I domain. Following analysis in echovirus 1 and collagen binding assays, chimeras with successively smaller regions of alpha(1) I were constructed and analyzed. The chimeras were analyzed by ELISA with several different alpha(2) integrin monoclonal antibodies to assess their proper folding. Three different regions of the alpha(1) I domain, when present in the alpha(2) I domain, conferred enhanced collagen IV binding activity upon the alpha(2) I domain. These include the alpha3 and alpha5 helices and a portion of the alpha6 helix. Echovirus 1 binding was lost in a chimera containing the alphaC-alpha6 loop; higher resolution mapping identified Asn(289) as playing a critical role in echovirus 1 binding. Asn(289) had not been implicated in previous echovirus 1 binding studies. Taken together, these data reveal the existence of multiple determinants of ligand binding specificities within the alpha(1) and alpha(2) integrin I domains.
An auction based task allocation scheme for power-aware intrusion detection in wireless ad-hoc networks (2006)

This paper presents ATLAS-an auction based task allocation scheme for power-aware intrusion detection in wireless ad-hoc networks with a hierarchical agent-based architecture. By an auction based scheme potential hosts, which can support the network monitoring task based on their battery power levels, bid for and compete against each other whenever a task is put up for sale by idle nodes or those which prognosticate anomalous behavior in a minimally mobile wireless ad-hoc network. The bids are sold to only those nodes having power levels above a certain threshold value. The seller-winning bidders combine for the monitoring task ensures that only the power aware power-optimal nodes collaborate in the agent-based intrusion detection process
Studies on the biotin-binding sites of avidin and streptavidin. Tyrosine residues are involved in the binding site (1990)

The involvement of tyrosine in the biotin-binding sites of the egg-white glycoprotein avidin and the bacterial protein streptavidin was examined by using the tyrosine-specific reagent p-nitrobenzenesulphonyl fluoride (Nbs-F). Modification of an average of about 0.5 mol of tyrosine residue/mol of avidin subunit caused the complete loss of biotin binding. This indicates that the single tyrosine residue (Tyr-33) in the avidin subunit is directly involved in the biotin-binding site and that its modification by Nbs also abolishes the binding properties of a neighbouring subunit. This suggests that the tyrosine residues of the egg-white protein may also contribute to the stabilization of the native protein structure. In streptavidin, however, the modification of an average of 3 mol of tyrosine residue/mol of subunit was required to inactivate completely the biotin-binding activity of the protein, but only 1 mol (average) of tyrosine residue/mol of subunit was protected in the presence of biotin. The difference between the h.p.l.c. elution profiles of the enzymic digests of Nbs-modified streptavidin and the Nbs-modified streptavidin-biotin complex revealed two additional fractions in the unprotected protein that contain Nbs-modified tyrosine residues. These residues, Tyr-43 (major fraction) and Tyr-54 (minor fraction), appear to contribute to the biotin-binding site in streptavidin.
Effects of Blood Group Antigen–Binding Adhesin Expression during Helicobacter pylori Infection of Mongolian Gerbils (2011)

Helicobacter pylori outer membrane proteins, such as the blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA), are associated with severe pathological outcomes. However, the in vivo role of BabA during long-term infection is not clear. In this study, Mongolian gerbils were infected with H. pylori and necropsied continuously during 18 months. Bacterial clones were recovered and analyzed for BabA expression, Leb-binding activity, and adhesion to gastric mucosa. BabA expression was completely absent by 6 months post-infection. Loss of BabA expression was attributable to nucleotide changes within the babA gene that resulted in a truncated BabA. In response to the infection, changes in the epithelial glycosylation pattern were observed that were similar to responses observed in humans and monkeys. Furthermore, infections with BabA-expressing and BabA-nonexpressing H. pylori showed no differences in colonization, but infection with the BabA-expressing strain exhibited histological changes and increased inflammatory cell infiltration. This suggests that BabA expression contributes to severe mucosal injury.
A Petrophysical and Petrographic Study of Carbonate Cores from the Thamama Formation (1998)

This paper was prepared for presentation at the 8th Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference held in Abu Dhabi, U.A.E., 11-14 October 1998.
Acquisition of CD80 (B7-1) by T Cells (2001)

Activation of T cells usually requires two signals. Signal 1 is mediated via a peptide-MHC on the APC; signal 2 is mediated via a costimulatory molecule on the APC surface. We demonstrate here that naive CD4(+) T cells actually acquire the costimulatory molecule CD80 (B7-1) from syngeneic APCs after activation. This phenomenon was demonstrated showing acquisition of CD80 by T cells from CD80/CD86 (B7-2) knockout mice, and by treating T cells with cyclohexamide to further rule out endogenous expression of CD80 by T cells. Moreover, no CD80 mRNA could be detected in T cells that had acquired CD80. The amount of acquisition of CD80 by T cells was shown to be directly related to both the strength of signal 1 and the amount of CD80 on the APC. Specificity of this acquisition was also shown by the lack of acquisition by T cells from CD28 knockout mice (implicating CD28 in this process), the lack of acquisition of CD40 (another molecule on the APC surface) by T cells, and confocal microscopy studies. We demonstrate for the first time that 1) naive T cells, following acquisition of CD80 from APCs, were themselves shown to be capable of acting as APCs; and 2) memory T cells that have acquired CD80 from APCs undergo apoptosis in the presence of increased levels of signal 1. Thus we demonstrate both immunostimulatory and immunoregulatory functions as a result of CD80 acquisition by different T cell populations.
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2014)

NA
A Calibration Method by Correlated Noise Injection with Distribution Networks Overlapped on a Closed Loop (2011)

A calibration method of receiving in-phase error and amplitude error is brought out,which overlap many 1︰4 noise distribution networks on a closed loop to achieve 1︰1 0 noise distribution network.The method's robust is also analyzed,the result shows in-phase remain error is less than 2.3 degree when the unseparated in-phase error is 1 degree,quadrature error is 0.5 degree and random error is 2%,which indicates the calibration overlapped on a closed loop is prior to the opened one.
Discovery of NVP-LDE225, a Potent and Selective Smoothened Antagonist (2010)

The blockade of aberrant hedgehog (Hh) signaling has shown promise for therapeutic intervention in cancer. A cell-based phenotypic high-throughput screen was performed, and the lead structure (1) was identified as an inhibitor of the Hh pathway via antagonism of the Smoothened receptor (Smo). Structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of a potent and specific Smoothened antagonist N-(6-((2S,6R)-2,6-dimethylmorpholino)pyridin-3-yl)-2-methyl-4'-(trifluoromethoxy)biphenyl-3-carboxamide (5m, NVP-LDE225), which is currently in clinical development.
Carrier-bound Immobilized Enzymes: Principles, Application and Design (2005)

Foreword. 1. Introduction: Immobilized Enzymes: Past, Present and Prospects. 2. Adsorption-based Immobilization. 3. Covalent Enzyme Immobilization. 4. Enzyme Entrapment. 5. Enzyme Encapsulation. 6. Unconventional Enzyme Immobilization. Subject Index.
Sexual Development in a Two-Year-Old Boy Induced by Topical Exposure to Testosterone (1999)

Virilization, including penile enlargement and growth of pubic hair and facial acne, developed in a 2-year-old boy over a period of months. This sexual development was induced by incidental and unintentional dermal exposure to a testosterone cream that was applied to his father's arm and back as a part of body building regimen. Except for penile size, the other signs of virilization diminished several months after the exposure was discontinued.
Millikelvin Reactive Collisions between Sympathetically Cooled Molecular Ions and Laser-Cooled Atoms in an Ion-Atom Hybrid Trap (2012)

We report on a study of cold reactive collisions between sympathetically cooled molecular ions and laser-cooled atoms in an ion-atom hybrid trap. Chemical reactions were studied at average collision energies <E(coll)>/k(B)>/~20 mK, about 2 orders of magnitude lower than has been achieved in previous experiments with molecular ions. Choosing N(2)(+)+Rb as a prototypical system, we find that the reaction rate is independent of the collision energy within the range studied, but strongly dependent on the internal state of Rb. Highly efficient charge exchange four times faster than the Langevin rate was observed with Rb in the excited (5p) (2)P(3/2) state. This observation is rationalized by a capture process dominated by the charge-quadrupole interaction and a near resonance between the entrance and exit channels of the system. Our results provide a test of classical models for reactions of molecular ions at the lowest energies reached thus far.
Coordination compounds in nuclear medicine (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination compounds in nuclear medicineS. Jurisson, D. Berning, Wei. Jia, and Dangshe. MaCite this: Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 3, 1137–1156Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00019a013https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00019a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2795Altmetric-Citations457LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of the addition of direct-fed microbials and glycerol to the diet of lactating dairy cows on milk yield and apparent efficiency of yield (2011)

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a direct-fed microbial (M) and dietary glycerol (G) on milk yield, efficiency of yield, and nutrient digestibility during hot weather. Sixty Holstein cows averaging 120 d in milk (DIM) and 36.2 kg/d of milk were used in a 12-wk 2×2 factorial design trial from June through September 2008. Cows were fed a common diet during the 2-wk standardization period and were blocked by milk yield, DIM, parity, and dry matter intake. Diets were based on corn and ryegrass silages and balanced to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Treatments included a negative control (M- or G-), 4 × 10(9) cfu/head of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NP51 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii NP24 (M+), control plus 400 g/h per day of 99% pure food-grade glycerol (G+), and 4×10(9) cfu/h per day of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NP51 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii NP24 plus 400 g/h per day of 99% pure food-grade glycerol (MG++). No interactions were observed between direct-fed microbials and dietary glycerol in the study except on apparent nutrient digestibility. No differences were observed in dry matter intake, which averaged 22.7, 23.1, 23.4, and 22.9 for M-, G-, M+, and G+, respectively. Milk yield was increased for M+ compared with M- at 34.1 and 31.7 kg/d, but G+ had no effect on yield. No treatment effect was noted for milk fat percentage or milk protein percentage among diets. Milk protein yield was higher for M+ compared with M- at 0.93 versus 0.87 kg/d. Energy-corrected milk was improved for the M+ versus M- groups at 33.5 and 31.6 kg/d, respectively. No differences in respiratory rate, skin temperature, body temperature, or concentrations of serum glucose or urea N were observed among treatments. Improvement in apparent digestibility was observed with M+ and G+ compared with M-/G- in this experiment. The addition of a direct-fed microbial alone improved milk and protein yield, energy-corrected milk, and apparent digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, and the inclusion of glycerol (G+) had a positive effect on apparent dry matter and acid detergent fiber digestibility compared with M-/G-. The addition of a direct-fed microbial and dietary glycerol may improve yield and digestibility for cows subject to heat stress.
Doris' day out. (1998)

This article describes an experience that occurred when, as a student nurse on an aged care placement, I saw an opportunity to motivate and empower a client whom I felt would be able, with an individualised approach, to take a step toward making a significant improvement in her quality of life. I believe we, as nurse practitioners, can influence our client's motivation levels in many ways, the most prevalent and effective being through realistic goal setting, altruism and empowerment.