gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neurological Complications Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2008)

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) has become the standard of care for a number of malignant and non-malignant disorders. Neurological complications associated with these procedures remain frequent. These complications result from a variety of causes. Known risk factors include the underlying disorder, therapies used for immunosuppression, especially the use of cyclosporine A or FK506, and toxicities from radiation or chemotherapy, but other risk factors might also be of importance. We retrospectively analyzed neurological complications of 152 patients (range 10–49 years old) who underwent Allo-SCT in our transplantation center between August 2005 and July 2008. In all, there were 95 (62.5%) cases of unrelated donor transplantation, 54 (35.5%) cases of sibling donor transplantation, and 3 (2.0%) cases of haploidentical transplantation. Post-SCT neurological complications were seen in 16(10.5%) patients. They were seen in 4 cases after related donor SCT and in 12 cases after unrelated donor SCT. Neurological symptoms occurred between day −4 day and +512 day after transplantation. The complications included 4 cases with relapsed leukemia of central nervous system (2 in ALL, 1 in CML, 1 in AML), 3 cases with encephalorrhagia, 3 cases with epilepsy, 2 cases with demyelinating disease, 2 cases with encephalitis, 1 cases with multiple myositis,1 cases with peripheral neuritis. Seven cases died of neurological complication, including 4 with relapsed leukemia of central nervous system and 3 with encephalorrhagia. Other patients were cured. High dose gamma globulin conbined with Methylprednisolone were used in demyelinating disease. Antiepileptic agents were used in epilepsy. Cyanocobalamin was used in peripheral neuritis. In conclusion, neurological complications commonly occurred in Allo-SCT, and encephalorrhagia might be the main indication that needs intensive care. Moreover, central nervous system leukemia and demyelinating disease, multiple myositis should have clinical interests.
Disruption of androgen receptor function inhibits proliferation of androgen-refractory prostate cancer cells. (2002)

Prostate cancer cells depend on androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) for survival. However, after androgen ablation therapy, tumors relapse to an androgen-refractory state. To determine whether the androgen receptor is critical for proliferation of androgen-refractory prostate cancer cells, we disrupted the activity of the androgen receptor with an antibody and an AR mRNA hammerhead ribozyme in the following cell lines: LNCaP (androgen-sensitive), LNCaP-Rf and LNCaP-C4 (androgen-refractory), and DU-145 (androgen-insensitive). Microinjection of either antibody or ribozyme inhibited proliferation of androgen-refractory cells. These findings demonstrate that the AR is critical for proliferation of androgen-refractory cells, even in the absence of androgens.
Chemical Deposition and Stabilization of Plasmonic Copper Nanoparticle Films on Transparent Substrates (2012)

Preparation of supported copper nanostructures has been scarce, compared to the more noble metals Ag and Au, mainly due to the lower stability of Cu toward corrosion in aqueous solutions and oxidation in air, either during or after preparation. Still, as a markedly inexpensive metal, Cu might present an attractive substance, if suitable Cu nanoparticle (NP) deposition and stabilization methods could be developed. Here, we present the first case of glass substrates coated with Cu or Cu2O NPs using wet chemical deposition (CD), performed under well-defined conditions optimized for obtaining each of the two nanoparticulate deposits. Cu NP films were also obtained by chemical reduction of the Cu2O NP films, thereby achieving improved size uniformity. The Cu NP films display a prominent surface plasmon (SP) band in the visible range. The dependence of the SP absorbance on the local dielectric environment is shown to provide a useful tool for monitoring Cu NP corrosion processes and their inhibition. Stabilization of the Cu NP films by treatment with the corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole (BTAH), shown here for the first time, enabled study of the films’ plasmonic properties, such as their refractive index sensitivity (RIS), a basic property in sensing applications. The measured RIS values are similar to those of typical gold NP films. Introduction of an effective, low-cost, and scalable method for the preparation of stable supported Cu and Cu2O NP films may open the way to a variety of plasmonic and other applications.
Retinol is essential for growth of activated human B cells. (1990)

When EBV-transformed human B cells are removed from conventional cell cultures, washed, and seeded at a low cell density in serum-free medium, their growth potential is greatly diminished. Fresh serum restores the growth of low density B cell cultures. We have traced this restorative effect to an essential factor present in the lipid fraction of serum and have identified it as all-trans retinol. The identification is based on the close similarities of the factor isolated from serum with authentic all-trans retinol as revealed by mass spectrometry, HPLC chromatography, and the ability to stimulate the growth of lymphoblastoid cells in the bioassay. Retinol is active at concentrations equal to its concentration in serum. Retinol is also a requirement for growth in suspension cultures at cell densities of 3 x 10(5)/ml. Cells removed at any time from such exponentially growing cultures and transferred to retinol-free medium cease to grow and consequently die, whereas in the continued presence of retinol, cell growth is unabated. All-trans retinal can substitute for retinol, but retinoic acid fails to stimulate the growth of lymphoblastoid cells at physiological concentrations. Normal human B lymphocytes also require retinol as a costimulator of proliferation after activation by anti-mu antibody or Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan strain) bacteria. In serum, retinol is bound to retinol-binding protein, which in turn forms a complex with prealbumin. Accordingly, we find that B cells respond to retinol bound to its physiological serum carrier, retinol-binding protein. In conclusion, human B cells are critically dependent for optimal growth in cell culture on an external supply of retinol.
The Solution Structure of Human Hepcidin, a Peptide Hormone with Antimicrobial Activity That Is Involved in Iron Uptake and Hereditary Hemochromatosis (2002)

The antibacterial and antifungal peptide hepcidin (LEAP-1) is expressed in the liver. This circulating peptide has recently been found to also act as a signaling molecule in iron metabolism. As such, it plays an important role in hereditary hemochromatosis, a serious iron overload disease. In this study, we report the solution structures of the hepcidin-20 and -25 amino acid peptides determined by standard two-dimensional (1)H NMR spectroscopy. These small cysteine-rich peptides form a distorted beta-sheet with an unusual vicinal disulfide bridge found at the turn of the hairpin, which is probably of functional significance. Both peptides exhibit an overall amphipathic structure with six of the eight Cys involved in maintaining interstrand connectivity. Hepcidin-25 assumes major and minor conformations centered about the Pro residue near the N-terminal end. Further NMR diffusion studies indicate that hepcidin-20 exists as a monomer in solution, whereas hepcidin-25 readily aggregates, a property that may contribute to the different activities of the two peptides. The nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy spectra of the hepcidin-25 aggregates indicate an interface for peptide interactions that again involves the first five residues from the N-terminal end.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of VE-cadherin Prevents Binding of p120- and β-Catenin and Maintains the Cellular Mesenchymal State (2005)

In several pathological conditions, epithelial cells demonstrate a breakdown of barrier function and acquire an invasive phenotype. Endothelial cells in particular are maintained in a mesenchymal state during the cell invasion phase of angiogenesis. We show here that tyrosine phosphorylation of the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin at two critical tyrosines, Tyr-658 and Tyr-731, via tyrosine kinase activation or phosphatase inactivation was sufficient to prevent the binding of p120- and beta-catenin, respectively, to the cytoplasmic tail of VE-cadherin. In fact, phosphorylation at either site led to the inhibition of cell barrier function. Cells expressing wild-type VE-cadherin showed decreased cell migration compared with cells lacking VE-cadherin, whereas expression of VE-cadherin with a simple phosphomimetic tyrosine-to-glutamic acid mutation of Y658E or Y731E was sufficient to restore the migratory response. These findings demonstrate that a single phosphorylation event within the VE-cadherin cytoplasmic tail is sufficient to maintain cells in a mesenchymal state.
The Chemistry of Glycopeptide Antibiotics of the Vancomycin Group (1986)

The Chemistry of Glycopeptide Antibiotics of the Vancomycin Group was published in Vol. 3 Proceedings of the Fifth USSR-FRG Symposium on Chemistry of Peptides and Proteins, Odessa, USSR, May 16–20, 1985 on page 289.
A simple SiC JFET based AC variable current limiter (2014)

This paper proposes a simple AC solid state variable current limiter based on two commercially available 1200V SiC JFETs [1], the JFET configuration requires no active regulation and has intrinsically fast response time to short circuit conditions with the benefit of simplicity and low cost. This circuit is intended as an additional current limiting circuit for high power amplifiers where the current limitation reaction time is in the seconds range. This demoboard was built for fast current limitation with high power amplifiers to test PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit. This paper presents the circuit of a working demonstrator with experimental verification and compares the experimental results with simulations.
Exploring the relationship between genetic and environmental influences on initiation and progression of substance use (2007)

These findings have implications for policy decisions aimed at an adolescent and early adult age group. Specifically, these findings suggest that it may be more efficacious to focus alcohol interventions on risk factors for the development of heavier use rather than initiation of use. In contrast, interventions aimed at reducing the initiation of cigarettes and marijuana use may be more appropriate.
Applications of cellular fatty acid analysis (1991)

More than ever, new technology is having an impact on the tools of clinical microbiologists. The analysis of cellular fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) has become markedly more practical with the advent of the fused-silica capillary column, computer-controlled chromatography and data analysis, simplified sample preparation, and a commercially available GLC system dedicated to microbiological applications. Experience with applications in diagnostic microbiology ranges from substantial success in work with mycobacteria, legionellae, and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli to minimal involvement with fungi and other nonbacterial agents. GLC is a good alternative to other means for the identification of mycobacteria or legionellae because it is rapid, specific, and independent of other specialized testing, e.g., DNA hybridization. Nonfermenters show features in their cellular fatty acid content that are useful in identifying species and, in some cases, subspecies. Less frequently encountered nonfermenters, including those belonging to unclassified groups, can ideally be characterized by GLC. Information is just beginning to materialize on the usefulness of cellular fatty acids for the identification of gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes, despite the traditional role of GLC in detecting metabolic products as an aid to identification of anaerobes. When species identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci is called for, GLC may offer an alternative to biochemical testing. Methods for direct analysis of clinical material have been developed, but in practical and economic terms they are not yet ready for use in the clinical laboratory. Direct analysis holds promise for detecting markers of infection due to an uncultivable agent or in clinical specimens that presently require cultures and prolonged incubation to yield an etiologic agent.
Novel Elimination Reactions of Telomer Iodides of 1,1-Difluoroethylene1 (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Elimination Reactions of Telomer Iodides of 1,1-Difluoroethylene1Murray Hauptschein and Robert E. OesterlingCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 11, 2868–2871Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01496a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01496a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibiting HIV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated delivery of small interfering RNA against CCR5 (2002)

Double-stranded RNAs approximately 21 nucleotides long [small interfering RNA (siRNA)] are recognized as powerful reagents to reduce the expression of specific genes. To use them as reagents to protect cells against viral infection, effective methods for introducing siRNAs into primary cells are required. Here, we describe success in constructing a lentivirus-based vector to introduce siRNAs against the HIV-1 coreceptor, CCR5, into human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. With high-titer vector stocks, >40% of the peripheral blood T lymphocytes could be transduced, and the expression of a potent CCR5-siRNA resulted in up to 10-fold inhibition of CCR5 expression on the cell surface over a period of 2 weeks in the absence of selection. In contrast, the expression of another major HIV-1 coreceptor, CXCR4, was not affected. Importantly, blocking CCR5 expression by siRNAs provided a substantial protection for the lymphocyte populations from CCR5-tropic HIV-1 virus infection, dropping infected cells by 3- to 7-fold; only a minimal effect on infection by a CXCR4-tropic virus was observed. Thus, our studies demonstrate the feasibility and potential of lentiviral vector-mediated delivery of siRNAs as a general means of intracellular immunization for the treatment of HIV-1 and other viral diseases.
Targeting retrovirus entry. (1996)

Most of the clinical gene therapy trials that have been initiated to date have employed ex vivo strategies in which cells are genetically modified outside the body and reimplanted. The ability to deliver genes accurately and efficiently to selected target cell populations in vivo would greatly expand the scope of gene therapy, but current vectors are not well suited to this task. Here we review recent attempts to develop retroviral vectors incorporating engineered envelope glycoproteins that are capable of delivering their genes in a highly specific manner to selected human target cells.
A music similarity function based on signal analysis (2001)

The present invention computer method and apparatus determines music similarity by generating a K-means (instead of Gaussian) cluster signature and a beat signature for each piece of music. The beat of the music is included in the subsequent distance measurement.
Oxygen transport by low and normal oxygen affinity hemoglobin vesicles in extreme hemodilution (2004)

The oxygen transport capacity of phospholipid vesicles encapsulating purified Hb (HbV) produced with a Po(2) at which Hb is 50% saturated (P 50 ) of 8 (HbV(8)) and 29 mmHg (HbV(29)) was investigated in the hamster chamber window model by using microvascular measurements to determine oxygen delivery during extreme hemodilution. Two isovolemic hemodilution steps were performed with 5% recombinant albumin (rHSA) until Hct was 35% of baseline. Isovolemic exchange was continued using HbV suspended in rHSA solution to a total [Hb] of 5.7 g/dl in blood. P(50) was modified by coencapsulating pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Final Hct was 11% for the HbV groups, with a plasma [Hb] of 2.1 +/- 0.1 g/dl after exchange with HbV(8) or HbV(29). A reference group was hemodiluted to Hct 11% with only rHSA. All groups showed stable blood pressure and heart rate. Arterial oxygen tensions were significantly higher than baseline for the HbV groups and the rHSA group and significantly lower for the HbV groups compared with the rHSA group. Blood pressure was significantly higher for the HbV(8) group compared with the HbV(29) group. Arteriolar and venular blood flows were significantly higher than baseline for the HbV groups. Microvascular oxygen delivery and extraction were similar for the HbV groups but lower for the rHSA group (P < 0.05). Venular and tissue Po(2) were statistically higher for the HbV(8) vs. the HbV(29) and rHSA groups (P < 0.05). Improved tissue Po(2) is obtained when red blood cells deliver oxygen in combination with a high- rather than low-affinity oxygen carrier.
Evidence for a direct growth-stimulating effect of estradiol on human MCF-7 cells in vivo. (1984)

The MCF-7 continuous line of human breast cancer cells requires that athymic nude mice receive supplemental estrogen so that inocula can produce progressively growing tumors. Although these cells contain a typical estrogen receptor complex, the lack of consistent growth stimulation induced by estrogens added to in vitro culture systems has raised the question as to whether this class of hormones acts directly upon the cells or induces a second message produced in other tissues. The present experiments were designed to test the effect of estradiol on the growth of these cells in vivo by exposing them directly to the hormone prior to its absorption into the hepatic portal circulation and subsequent metabolic inactivation. Tumor fragments that were placed next to an estradiol-containing pellet in the spleen grew to produce grossly evident tumor masses, whereas those in the subcutis of the same animals did not, although some minute residua did remain. In the splenic tumors, the mitotic index of the MCF-7 cells immediately adjacent to the estrogen pellets was 2.4 times that of cells on the other side of the same tumor and 3.5 times that of those in the minute s.c. residua. We interpret these data as indicating that in vivo estradiol is acting directly upon the MCF-7 cells to increase their rate of proliferation rather than to initiate the production of a second message to be released into the circulation. Additionally, it was found that s.c. tumors that were decreasing in volume subsequent to withdrawal of systemic estrogen still contained dividing neoplastic cells but with a lower frequency than that seen in progressively growting tumors stimulated with estradiol. This finding indicates that MCF-7 cells can proliferate in vivo in the absence of a substantial amount of estrogen but only at a rate insufficient to sustain progressive tumor growth.
Rapid Growth and Flow-Mediated Nucleation of Millimeter-Scale Aligned Carbon Nanotube Structures from a Thin-Film Catalyst (2006)

We discuss the rapid growth of films and lithographically templated microstructures of vertically aligned small-diameter multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VA-MWNTs), by atmospheric-pressure thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of C2H4/H2/Ar on a Fe/Al2O3 catalyst film deposited by electron beam evaporation. The structures grow to 1 mm height in 15 min and reach close to 2 mm in 60 min. The growth rate and final height of CNT microstructures grown from catalyst patterns depend strongly on the local areal density of catalyst, representing a reverse analogue of loading effects which occur in plasma etching processes. Abrupt transitions between areas of micrometer-thick tangled CNT films and millimeter-scale aligned CNT structures are manipulated by changing the duration of pretreatment by H2/Ar prior to introduction of C2H4 and by changing the configuration of the substrate sample in the furnace tube. This demonstrates that the flow profile over the sample mediates the supply of reactants to the catalyst and that pretreatment using H2 significantly affects the initial activity of the catalyst.
Circulating adhesion molecules and tumor necrosis factor receptor in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with magnetic resonance imaging (1995)

Adhesion molecules are important in T-cell trafficking to sites of inflammation. We determined levels of circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), L-selectin, and E-selectin in the serum of 147 patients with definite multiple sclerosis of the remitting-relapsing or secondary progressive type. Soluble VCAM-1 and L-selectin concentrations were increased compared to levels in a large group of control subjects. Levels were highest in patients with gadolinium-enhancing lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (VCAM-1: 1,011 +/- 276 vs 626 +/- 87 ng/ml; L-selectin: 1,130 +/- 272 vs 793 +/- 207 ng/ml [mean +/- standard deviation]; p < 0.0001 vs patients without enhancing lesions). Serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (60 kd) were also raised (2.64 +/- 1.23 vs 2.17 +/- 0.69 ng/ml in subjects with other neurological diseases and 2.1 +/- 0.77 ng/ml in healthy control subjects; p < 0.05). Soluble VCAM-1 and L-selectin levels were correlated to concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor. In 13 patients with viral encephalitis, similar observations were made. Raised levels of soluble VCAM-1 and L-selectin probably reflect cytokine-induced endothelial cell and T-lymphocyte/monocyte activation occurring in the process of T-cell migration into the central nervous system. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha may be critically involved.
Low temperature direct Cu-Cu bonding with low energy ion activation method (2002)

This paper describes a copper wafer bonding process for three-dimensional integration and wafer-level packaging applications. Cu-Cu direct bonding at low temperature using a low energy ion activation method was investigated. 8-inch silicon wafers were coated with 80 nm copper and the copper surfaces were cleaned by irradiation of 50-100 eV argon ion beam before mating them together. The cleaned surfaces were examined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). It was observed that carbon contamination and the native oxide layer on the copper surface were effectively removed by 1 min ion beam irradiation without any wet cleaning process. After cleaning the surfaces, two wafers were brought into contact and pressed up to 1000 kgf in the bonding chamber at ultra high vacuum (UHV) pressure. The surfaces were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the bonded interface was investigated by tensile tests. Details of characterization of bonding interface of Cu-Cu and the effects of low energy ion beam on the bonding are described.