gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic review/Meta-analysis The relationship between low pH in intervertebral discs and low back pain: a systematic review (2012)

In this systematic review we propose a new hypothesis that low back pain may be caused by low pH based on the previous literature. Further experimental studies are necessary to verify our hypothesis. This hypothesis will promote our understanding of the pathogenesis of low back pain and the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for low back pain.
The EASI project-improving the effectiveness and quality of image-guided surgery (1998)

In recent years, advances in computer technology and a significant increase in the accuracy of medical imaging have made it possible to develop systems that can assist the clinician in diagnosis, planning, and treatment. This paper deals with an area that is generally referred to as computer-assisted surgery, image-directed surgery, or image-guided surgery. We report the research, development, and clinical validation performed since January 1996 in the European Applications in Surgical Interventions (EASI) project, which is funded by the European Commission in their "4th Framework Telematics Applications for Health" program. The goal of this project is the improvement of the effectiveness and quality of image-guided neurosurgery of the brain and image-guided vascular surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysms, while at the same time reducing patient risks and overall cost. We have developed advanced prototype systems for preoperative surgical planning and intraoperative surgical navigation, and we have extensively clinically validated these systems. The prototype systems and the clinical validation results are described in this paper.
Use of Post-Ionisation Techniques to Complement SIMS Analysis. A Review With Practical Aspects (1998)

Article Use of Post-Ionisation Techniques to Complement SIMS Analysis. A Review With Practical Aspects was published on January 1, 1998 in the journal High Temperature Materials and Processes (volume 17, issue 1-2).
A Hepatitis C Viral Kinetic Model that Allows for Time-Varying Drug Effectiveness (2008)

We illustrated the usefulness of the DE model by analysing HCV RNA data from patients who received PEG-IFN-alpha2b once weekly plus daily ribavirin.
The dynamical structure of the RNA in alfalfa mosaic virus studied by 31P‐nuclear magnetic resonance (1987)

The structure of the viral RNA in alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV) was investigated by means of 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). It was found that the 31P-NMR line width of AlMV Top a particles is significantly smaller than that of the larger Bottom particles. At low temperatures, the totational correlation time of the 31P nuclei essentially equals the tumbling rate of the virus particle, indicating that the RNA is contained rigidly inside the virion. At more elevated temperatures, the NMR line width sharpens more than expected on the basis of viscosity changes and the RNA exhibits internal mobility. The occurrence of internal mobility is paralleled by an increased internal mobility of the N-terminal part of the coat protein, as could be observed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The influence of EDTA on the 31P-NMR line width appeared to be negligible, which is in agreement with the idea that AlMV does not 'swell' like several other RNA-containing plant viruses.
RNase III cleavage of single-stranded RNA. Effect of ionic strength on the fideltiy of cleavage. (1976)

Ribonuclease III from Escherichia coli has been purified to apparent homogeneity by affinity chromatography on immobilized double-stranded RNA. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate gave one band of protein with a molecular weight of approximately 25,000. Chromatography on Sephadex G-100 is consistent with a molecular weight of 50,000, suggesting that the native enzyme is a dimer. RNase III cuts some single-stranded RNAs, such as bacteriophage T7 early RNA, at specific sites in vivo. This RNA is cut as these same sites by the purified enzyme under all conditions tested. However, at low ionic strength relatively small increases in enzyme concentration produce cuts as secondary sites. At high ionic strength, the enzyme's preference for the sites cut in vivo is more pronounced and secondary cuts are made only at very high enzyme concentrations. Secondary cuts are shown to occur at specific sites and are made in a variety of RNAs even from sources other than E. coli. By cutting RNAs at secondary sites it should be possible to generate RNA fragments which would be useful in a number of studies.
Unsymmetric Dendrimers Containing a Single Ureidopyrimidine Unit:  Generation-Dependent Dimerization via Hydrogen Bonding (2005)

A new series of unsymmetric Newkome-type dendrimers have been prepared and characterized. These dendrimers contain a single ureidopyrimidine residue covalently attached to their apical positions. In low polarity solvents, the first and second generation dendrimers form highly stable dimers via hydrogen bonding of their AADD ureidopyrimidine units, whereas the third generation dendrimer dimerizes to a very low extent. [structure: see text]
Laser Ultrasonic enabled “Smart” Mold for composite parts manufacturing (2001)

A Laser Ultrasonic “Smart” Mold, which provides in situ information about the degree of cure of a composite part during manufacturing is described. The LUSM contains a laser ultrasonic source and an embedded fiber optic ultrasonic detector. The degree of cure can be obtained from measurements of the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in the composite part. The results of ultrasonic measurements during manufacturing of a composite specimen are presented. The main advantages of the proposed technique are the ability to operate at high temperatures and high pressures, and the ability to provide distributed sensing that covers most critical areas of a component.
An alternative approach to interpolated array processing for uniform circular arrays (2002)

In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to array interpolation for the sectorized array processing of a uniform circular array. While other approaches do not fully consider the influence of out-of-sector signals on the in-sector response, our approach explicitly addresses this issue. By controlling the out-of-sector response, our interpolated array demonstrates a significantly improved ability to cope with correlated signals which appear both in-sector and out-of-sector. Our approach also allows one to trade between various operating characteristics such as mean transformation error, in-sector error variance and out-of-sector signal suppression. In this way, a degree of versatility in the design method is provided.
Novel drug delivery nanosystems based on out-inside bifunctionalized mesoporous silica yolk–shell magnetic nanostars used as nanocarriers for curcumin (2015)

Mesoporous silica has aroused lots of interest in biomedical fields, in which novel kinds of mesoporous silica with tunable mesoporosity and size have attracted much attention, but functionalization or multi-functionalization inside the mesopores of these structures is still rarely detected. Among all the functionalized molecules, beta cyclodextrin hydrate (β-CD), a kind of hydrophilic non-toxic carrier for hydrophobic drugs, can increase the solubility and bioavailability of drugs, acting as a pH responsive "gate" when functionalized on the surface of mesoporous silica. Herein, we functionalized β-CD inside novel kinds of mesoporous silica or magnetic mesoporous silica as the physical binding sites for the model drug curcumin through an out-inside two step bifunctionalization process including a vacuum pumping recrystallization drug loading process. According to the physical characterization with XRD, FT-IR, XPS, solid state NMR, BET, TG, DTA, TEM and DLS, the drug delivery nanosystems were successfully fabricated and contained nano-formulations of curcumin. In vitro cell testing, including Cell Counting Kit-8, Hoechst 33342 staining, hemolysis experiments and cell apoptosis, indicated that through the bifunctionalization, the biocompatibility of the mesoporous silica with cells could be improved, and the toxicity of the drug delivery nano-formulations towards two kinds of cancer cells, SK-HEP1 and HepG2, was significantly increased compared with free curcumin. In vitro release studies revealed that the nano-formulations contained more suspended curcumin molecules as described by the Higuchi models and showed enhanced pH responsive release properties, and that the magnetic nano-formulations exhibited alternating magnetically controlled release properties. The confocal microscopy analysis results revealed the obviously increasing intercellular release and uptake of both nano-formulations of curcumin by SK-HEP1 cells and the "on" and "off" stages of the alternating magnetism responsive intercellular release properties of the fabricated magnetic nano-formulations. The bifunctionalization process combined with the nanostar structure has immense potential in the drug delivery field, especially for hydrophobic drugs.
Transcription Factor σB Plays an Important Role in the Production of Extracellular Membrane-Derived Vesicles in Listeria monocytogenes (2013)

Gram-negative bacteria produce extracellular outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that interact with host cells. Unlike Gram-negative bacteria, less is known about the production and role of extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) in Gram-positive bacteria. The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can survive under extreme environmental and energy stress conditions and the transcription factor σ(B) is involved in this survival ability. Here, we first determined the production of MVs from L. monocytogenes and evaluated whether general stress transcription factor σ(B) affected production of MVs in L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes secreted MVs during in vitro broth culture. The wild-type strain actively produced MVs approximately nine times more and also produced more intact shapes of MVs than those of the isogenic ΔsigB mutant. A proteomic analysis showed that 130 and 89 MV proteins were identified in the wild-type and ΔsigB mutant strains, respectively. Wild-type strain-derived MVs contained proteins regulated by σ(B) such as transporters (OpuCA and OpuCC), stress response (Kat), metabolism (LacD), translation (InfC), and cell division protein (FtsZ). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that wild-type-derived MV proteins corresponded to several GO terms, including response to stress (heat, acid, and bile resistance) and extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process, but not the ΔsigB mutant. Internalin B (InlB) was almost three times more contained in MVs derived from the wild-type strain than in MVs derived from the ΔsigB mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that σ(B) plays a pivotal role in the production of MVs and protein profiles contained in MVs. L. monocytogenes MVs may contribute to host infection and survival ability under various stressful conditions.
Signals of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy for immunosuppressants: a disproportionality analysis of spontaneous reports within the US Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) (2012)

Our study revealed signals of PML for a substantial number of immunosuppressants, including some drugs less considered so far as a risk factor of PML, especially when used for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. These drugs and possible interactions between different immunosuppressants should be studied more closely in future studies.
Evaluating the serial use of the myelofibrosis symptom assessment form for measuring symptomatic improvement (2011)

The use of the Myelofibrosis Symptom Assessment Form in this phase 2 trial helped characterize the symptomatic improvements observed with use of INCB018424 in MF patients. In an era of many targeted therapies undergoing testing for MF with potential symptomatic benefit, the Myelofibrosis Symptom Assessment Form may provide a useful tool for objective symptomatic assessment and potentially allow some nonrandomized comparison between therapeutic agents.
Endogenous interleukin 6 is a resistance factor for cis-diamminedichloroplatinum and etoposide-mediated cytotoxicity of human prostate carcinoma cell lines. (1995)

Hormonal treatment of advanced prostatic cancer patients generally results in an initially beneficial response, but the treated patients develop hormonally resistant disease in which no curative therapy is currently available. Recent studies have revealed that interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a growth factor for myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, and certain T-cell lymphomas. Further, IL-6 has been shown to block apoptosis induced by p53, transforming growth factor beta, and certain cancer chemotherapeutic compounds. The objective of the present study was to determine whether IL-6 is a growth factor for two human prostate cancer lines and whether it protects the tumor cells from drug-induced cell death. Two hormone-independent prostate cell lines were used in this study, namely PC-3 and DU145, and these have been shown to be relatively resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), etoposide (VP-16), and adriamycin (ADR). Both cell lines express IL-6 mRNA and secrete IL-6 constitutively. The addition of anti-IL-6 antiserum to the cell lines resulted in a significant inhibition of cell growth up to day 2, and when additional antibody was added at day 2 the inhibition persisted for 4 days. The coaddition of anti-IL-6 antiserum and CDDP or VP-16 resulted in synergy in cytotoxicity in both cell lines, whereas the combination of antibody and ADR or suramin resulted only in additive effects. Sequential treatment revealed that anti-IL-6 antibody was required to achieve synergy, whereas either sequence of pretreatment resulted in synergy with anti-IL-6 and CDDP but not with VP-16. CDDP treatment of tumor cells down-regulated IL-6 mRNA expression and IL-6 secretion. The present findings demonstrate that IL-6 is an autocrine/paracrine growth factor for DU145 and PC-3 prostate lines. Additionally, the secretion of this cytokine protects the tumor cells against the cytotoxic effect of CDDP and VP-16 and its neutralization sensitizes the cells to cytotoxicity. Overall, the studies suggest that agents that can down-regulate or inhibit protective factors in tumors may overcome drug resistance.
Collaborative Analysis of α-Synuclein Gene Promoter Variability and Parkinson Disease (2006)

This large-scale collaborative analysis demonstrates that SNCA REP1 allele-length variability is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease.
Undercarboxylation of recombinant prothrombin revealed by analysis of γ‐carboxyglutamic acid using capillary electrophoresis and laser‐induced fluorescence (1999)

The gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) content of several variants of human prothrombin has been measured by using capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF). Both plasma-derived prothrombin and recombinant prothrombin contain ten residues of Gla per molecule of protein. In contrast, a variant of human prothrombin (containing the second kringle domain of bovine prothrombin) was separated into two populations that differed in their Gla content. Direct measurement of the Gla content showed an association with the presence or absence of the calcium-dependent conformational change that is required for prothombinase function. Thus, the CE-LIF assay is useful in determining the carboxylation status of recombinant proteins.
The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population‐based to a more “personalized” approach to cancer staging (2017)

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual has become the benchmark for classifying patients with cancer, defining prognosis, and determining the best treatment approaches. Many view the primary role of the tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) system as that of a standardized classification system for evaluating cancer at a population level in terms of the extent of disease, both at initial presentation and after surgical treatment, and the overall impact of improvements in cancer treatment. The rapid evolution of knowledge in cancer biology and the discovery and validation of biologic factors that predict cancer outcome and response to treatment with better accuracy have led some cancer experts to question the utility of a TNM-based approach in clinical care at an individualized patient level. In the Eighth Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, the goal of including relevant, nonanatomic (including molecular) factors has been foremost, although changes are made only when there is strong evidence for inclusion. The editorial board viewed this iteration as a proactive effort to continue to build the important bridge from a "population-based" to a more "personalized" approach to patient classification, one that forms the conceptual framework and foundation of cancer staging in the era of precision molecular oncology. The AJCC promulgates best staging practices through each new edition in an effort to provide cancer care providers with a powerful, knowledge-based resource for the battle against cancer. In this commentary, the authors highlight the overall organizational and structural changes as well as "what's new" in the Eighth Edition. It is hoped that this information will provide the reader with a better understanding of the rationale behind the aggregate proposed changes and the exciting developments in the upcoming edition. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:93-99. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Graph-based transforms for inter predicted video coding (2015)

In video coding, motion compensation is an essential tool to obtain residual block signals whose transform coefficients are encoded. This paper proposes novel graph-based transforms (GBTs) for coding inter-predicted residual block signals. Our contribution is twofold: (i) We develop edge adaptive GBTs (EA-GBTs) derived from graphs estimated from residual blocks, and (ii) we design template adaptive GBTs (TA-GBTs) by introducing simplified graph templates generating different set of GBTs with low transform signaling overhead. Our experimental results show that proposed methods significantly outperform traditional DCT and KLT in terms of rate-distortion performance.
In vivo Targeting of Dead Tumor Cells in a Murine Tumor Model Using a Monoclonal Antibody Specific for the La Autoantigen (2007)

La-specific mAb selectively targeted dead tumor cells in vivo, and targeting was augmented by cytotoxic chemotherapy. This novel cell death radioligand may be useful both for radioimmunoscintigraphy and radioimmunotherapy.
Nidogen 1 and 2 gene promoters are aberrantly methylated in human gastrointestinal cancer (2007)

These results suggest that loss of nidogens expression has a potential pathogenetic role in colon and stomach tumorigenesis. Nidogens are believed to connect laminin and collagen IV networks, hence stabilizing the basement membrane structure. Nidogens are also important for cell adhesion, as they establish contacts with various cellular integrins. Loss of nidogen expression may favor invasion and metastasis of cancer cells by loosening cell interaction with basal membrane and by weakening the strength of the basement membrane itself, first barrier from the connective vascularized matrix.
Phytophagous Insect Associations withCucurbitain Illinois (1976)

Phytophagous insect associations with 5 cultivated and 14 mesophytic and xerophytic wild Cucurbita spp. were recorded for 4 consecutive years. Overwintering striped cucumber beetles, Acalymma vittata (Fab.) were most attracted to the young growth of the Maxima and Ficifolia groups and the wild xerophytic Digitata group. Foliage feeding responses were strongest on the latter group. The spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, exhibited a high affinity for the Maxima, the wild Lundelliana and Digitata groups. The squash vine borer severly injured the Maxima and Pepo groups. The squash bug, Anasa tristis (DeGeer), showed a high ovipositional preference for the Maxima and Mixta groups and a low preference for all other groups. All Cucurbita spp. were poor hosts for the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover), with the wild Sororia and Ficifolia groups most suitable for reproduction. The potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), preferred cultivated species but oviposited on all wild species except C. foetidissima (HBK). The potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), preferred the Sororia and Pepo groups. Principle component analysis revealed that the striped cucumber beetle, squash vine borer and the squash bug showed similar host preference patterns with the Maxima group being the most favored.
Una voz incómoda: En el día del periodista (2018)

En nuestro pais el 27 de junio de cada ano se celebra el Dia del Periodista. Valga este pequeno ensayo para rendir homenaje al gremio de los comunicadores sociales, y por extension a los medios de comunicacion social criticos ante el regimen, por su labor en pro de una libertad de GIOCONDA SAN BLAScomunicacion.
Surface Characterization, Modification Chemistry, and Separation Performance of Polyimide and Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Composite Films (2004)

6FDA-polyimide films modified by polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers with generations of 0, 1, and 2 are reported in this article. The actual molecular conformation and bulk size of these three generation dendrimers immobilized on polyimide surface were characterized by atomic force microscopy. After comparing with the results of dynamic simulation, we believe that the disk-shape cluster structure of dendrimers has been developed on the polymer surfaces. The amidation and cross-linking reaction between dendrimers and polyimide were examined and quantified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel content measurements. Modification time and the generations of PAMAM dendrimer have been verified as two important factors in determining the properties of modified polyimide films. These modified polyimide films exhibit excellent gas separation performance. The ideal selectivity of He/N(2) increases tremendously to about 200% as compared to that of the original polyimide film. Particularly, the separation performance of CO(2)/CH(4) gas pair can be improved beyond the upper bond limit possibly due to the strong interactions of dendrimer molecules with CO(2), which was verified by sorption tests.
Isolation and characterization of the structural gene for secreted acid phosphatase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (1986)

The Schizosaccharomyces pombe acid phosphatase structural gene (PHO 1) was isolated by complementation of an S. pombe acid phosphatase mutant with a wild type S. pombe DNA recombinant plasmid library. Northern analysis indicates that acid phosphatase is encoded by a 1.4-kilobase mRNA of which approximately 100 bases are 3'-poly(A). The gene contains no introns and the 3' and 5' untranslated regions are short. According to DNA and amino acid sequence data, the S. pombe acid phosphatase has a molecular weight of 50,600. An 18-amino acid sequence at the N terminus was found that is similar to previously identified signal peptides in other eukaryotic secretory proteins. This signal peptide is apparently removed during secretion, since it is absent in the mature secreted acid phosphatase. The gene can be induced 2--3-fold by starvation for phosphate. The signals required for this induction are contained on the isolated DNA clone. Although the gene can be expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, secretion is abnormal.