gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostatitis (1998)

The laboratory diagnosis of acute bacterial prostatitis is straightforward and easily accomplished in clinical laboratories. Chronic bacterial prostatitis, and especially chronic idiopathic prostatitis (most often referred to as abacterial prostatitis), presents a real challenge to the clinician and clinical microbiologist. Clinically, the diagnosis of chronic idiopathic prostatitis is differentiated from that of acute prostatitis by a lack of prostatic inflammation and no "significant" (controversial) leukocytes or bacteria in the expressed prostatic secretions. Despite these diagnostic criteria, the etiology of chronic idiopathic prostatitis is unknown. While this review covers the entire spectrum of microbially caused acute prostatitis (including common and uncommon bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) and microbially associated chronic prostatitis, a special focus has been given to chronic idiopathic prostatitis. The idiopathic syndrome is commonly diagnosed in men but is poorly treated. Recent data convincingly suggests a possible bacterial etiology for the condition. Provocative molecular studies have been published reporting the presence of 16S rRNA bacterial sequences in prostate biopsy tissue that is negative for ordinary bacteria by routine culture in men with chronic idiopathic prostatitis. Additionally, special culture methods have indicated that difficult-to-culture coryneforms and coagulase-negative staphylococci are present in expressed prostatic secretions found to be negative by routine culture techniques. Treatment failures are not uncommon in chronic prostatitis. Literature reports suggest that antimicrobial treatment failures in chronic idiopathic prostatitis caused by organisms producing extracellular slime might result from the virulent properties of coagulase-negative staphylococci or other bacteria. While it is difficult to definitively extrapolate from animal models, antibiotic pharmokinetic studies with a murine model have suggested that treatment failures in chronic prostatitis are probably a result of the local microenvironment surrounding the persistent focal and well-protected small bacterial biofilms buried within the prostate gland. These conclusions support the molecular and culture data implicating bacteria as a cause of chronic idiopathic prostatitis.
Significance of 14-3-3 Self-Dimerization for Phosphorylation-dependent Target Binding (2003)

14-3-3 proteins via binding serine/threonine-phosphorylated proteins regulate diverse intracellular processes in all eukaryotic organisms. Here, we examine the role of 14-3-3 self-dimerization in target binding, and in the susceptibility of 14-3-3 to undergo phosphorylation. Using a phospho-specific antibody developed against a degenerated mode-1 14-3-3 binding motif (RSxpSxP), we demonstrate that most of the 14-3-3-associated proteins in COS-7 cells are phosphorylated on sites that react with this antibody. The binding of these phosphoproteins depends on 14-3-3 dimerization, inasmuch as proteins associated in vivo with a monomeric 14-3-3 form are not recognized by the phospho-specific antibody. The role of 14-3-3 dimerization in the phosphorylation-dependent target binding is further exemplified with two well-defined 14-3-3 targets, Raf and DAF-16. Raf and DAF-16 can bind both monomeric and dimeric 14-3-3; however, whereas phosphorylation of specific Raf and DAF-16 sites is required for binding to dimeric 14-3-3, binding to monomeric 14-3-3 forms is entirely independent of Raf and DAF-16 phosphorylation. We also find that dimerization diminishes 14-3-3 susceptibility to phosphorylation. These findings establish a significant role of 14-3-3 dimerization in its ability to bind targets in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and point to a mechanism in which 14-3-3 phosphorylation and dimerization counterregulate each other.
The decay of house dust mite allergens, Der p I and Der p II, under natural conditions (1995)

These findings indicate that mite allergens can be extremely stable under normal domestic circumstances.
Modified Spin-Echo Method for Measuring Nuclear Relaxation Times (1958)

A spin echo method adapted to the measurement of long nuclear relaxation times (T2) in liquids is described. The pulse sequence is identical to the one proposed by Carr and Purcell, but the rf of the successive pulses is coherent, and a phase shift of 90° is introduced in the first pulse. Very long T2 values can be measured without appreciable effect of diffusion.
New Achievements on CVD Based Methods for SiC Epitaxial Growth (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of Artemisinin Derivatives Containing an Amino Group (2000)

In search of water-soluble artemisinin derivatives that are more stable than sodium artesunate, over 30 derivatives containing an amino group (compounds 3-5) were synthesized and tested in mice. All products tested (except 5a and 5b) are the beta isomers. These basic compounds combined with organic acids (oxalic acid, maleic acid, etc. ) to yield the corresponding salts. Generally, the maleates have better solubility in water than the corresponding oxalates. The aqueous solutions of these salts can be kept at room temperature for several weeks without any discernible decomposition. Compounds 3f, 3h, and 3r are much more active against P. berghei than artesunic acid by oral administration and therefore were further tested in monkeys. However, their oral efficacies are poorer than that of artesunic acid against P. knowlesi in rhesus monkeys. It is interesting to note that 3f, 3h, and 3r showed much lower efficacies against P. berghei when they were administered subcutaneously than orally.
Learning search engine specific query transformations for question answering (2001)

We introduce a method for learning query transformations that improves the ability to retrieve answers to questions from an information retrieval system. During the training stage the method involves automatically learning phrase features for classifying questions into different types, automatically generating candidate query transformations from a training set of question/answer pairs, and automatically evaluating the candidate transforms on target information retrieval systems such as real-world general purpose search engines. At run time, questions are transformed into a set of queries, and re-ranking is performed on the documents retrieved. We present a prototype search engine, Tritus, that applies the method to web search engines. Blind evaluation on a set of real queries from a web search engine log shows that the method significantly outperforms the underlying web search engines as well as a commercial search engine specializing in question answering.
Parity and Longevity of Aedes aegypti According to Temperatures in Controlled Conditions and Consequences on Dengue Transmission Risks (2015)

Parity rates can be determined for field collected females and could be a good proxy of the expectation of infective life according to temperatures. However, for the same parity rates, the estimation of infective life expectation is very different between Ae. aegypti and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Correlation of field parity rates with transmission risks requires absolutely to be based on Ae. aegypti models, since available Anopheles sp. models underestimate greatly the females longevity.
Screenless Offset Printing Process Using Presensitized Printing Plates (1970)

AbstractThe report starts with the definitions and the advantages and disadvantages of offset printing with un-screened (= continuous tone) and with screened photographic originals. This is followed by the description of the historical development of screenless offset printing from the phototype or collotype process to the present art, which is characterized in that the presensitized offset printing plates known nowadays have too steep a gradation for this field of application.First results obtained with a novel presensitized offset printing plate for screenless printing are graphically represented in the Goldberg-Jones diagram. NotesPaper presented at a Symposium on “Non-Silver Photonraphic Processes” organized by the Science Committee of The Royal Photographic Society. 30 September 3 October 1969 In Oxford.
Stretchable Organic Solar Cells (2011)

A stretchable organic solar cell was fabricated by spin-coating the transparent electrode and active layer on a pre-strained elastomeric membrane. Upon release of the pre-strain, the device buckled. The topographic waves that arose imparted elasticity to the device under tensile strain (up to 27%). The device exhibited similar photovoltaic properties when both stretched and unstretched. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hinted quad trees for VLSI geometry DRC based on efficient searching for neighbors (1996)

Design-rule checking, whose efficiency depends greatly on the speed in finding an object's neighbors, is an indispensable component of any VLSI design process. Given a design, the objects it contains are usually represented by their smallest enclosing rectangles, and neighbor search is defined as the operation to find, among the collection of rectangles, the ones that are within the specified distance of a rectangle. Commonly, the rectangles are stored in a tree structure, and a region query that searches the tree starting at its root is used to find a rectangle's neighbors. In this paper, we introduce the hinted quad tree, or HQT, that supports neighbor searches directly without always starting a search at the root of the tree. We show that HQT achieves the highest neighbor-search performance among the data structures compared and uses a reasonable amount of storage.
Chaotic Dirac Billiard in Graphene Quantum Dots (2008)

The exceptional electronic properties of graphene, with its charge carriers mimicking relativistic quantum particles and its formidable potential in various applications, have ensured a rapid growth of interest in this new material. We report on electron transport in quantum dot devices carved entirely from graphene. At large sizes (>100 nanometers), they behave as conventional single-electron transistors, exhibiting periodic Coulomb blockade peaks. For quantum dots smaller than 100 nanometers, the peaks become strongly nonperiodic, indicating a major contribution of quantum confinement. Random peak spacing and its statistics are well described by the theory of chaotic neutrino billiards. Short constrictions of only a few nanometers in width remain conductive and reveal a confinement gap of up to 0.5 electron volt, demonstrating the possibility of molecular-scale electronics based on graphene.
Glycosidase mechanisms: anatomy of a finely tuned catalyst. (2000)

In order to accelerate the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds by factors approaching 10(17)-fold, glycosidases have evolved finely tuned active sites optimally configured for transition-state stabilization. Structural analyses of various enzyme complexes representing stable intermediates along the reaction coordinate, in conjunction with detailed mechanistic studies on wild-type and mutant enzymes, have delineated the contributions of nucleophilic and general acid/base catalysis, as well as the roles of noncovalent interactions, to these impressive rate enhancements.
Rare Copy Number Variants<subtitle>A Point of Rarity in Genetic Risk for Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia</subtitle><alt-title>Rare Copy Number Variants</alt-title> (2010)

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder differ with respect to CNV burden in general and association with specific CNVs in particular. Our data are consistent with the possibility that possession of large, rare deletions may modify the phenotype in those at risk of psychosis: those possessing such events are more likely to be diagnosed as having schizophrenia, and those without them are more likely to be diagnosed as having bipolar disorder.
Integrated Electromicrobial Conversion of CO 2 to Higher Alcohols (2012)

One of the major challenges in using electrical energy is the efficiency in its storage. Current methods, such as chemical batteries, hydraulic pumping, and water splitting, suffer from low energy density or incompatibility with current transportation infrastructure. Here, we report a method to store electrical energy as chemical energy in higher alcohols, which can be used as liquid transportation fuels. We genetically engineered a lithoautotrophic microorganism, Ralstonia eutropha H16, to produce isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol in an electro-bioreactor using CO(2) as the sole carbon source and electricity as the sole energy input. The process integrates electrochemical formate production and biological CO(2) fixation and higher alcohol synthesis, opening the possibility of electricity-driven bioconversion of CO(2) to commercial chemicals.
Antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts and essential oils of spices against Salmonellae and other enterobacteria (2005)

Crude ethanolic extracts and essential oils of 14 spices including cardamom, cinnamon, clove, coriander, cumin, garlic, ginger, holy basil, kaffir lime leaves and peels, lemongrass, mace, nutmeg, black and white pepper, and turmeric were examined for their antibacterial activity against 20 serotypes of Salmonella and 5 species of other enterobacteria using disk diffusion method as preliminary screening. Of these, 9 crude ethanolic extracts and 11 essential oils were selected to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using microbroth dilution test. Among all ethanolic extracts, clove extract had the most inhibitory effect on the growth of all bacterial strains tested. Oils of clove and kaffir lime peels exhibited greater antibacterial activity against all tested strains, compared to other spice oils. The oils of cardamom, coriander, and cumin were also potent inhibitors of bacterial growth, showing the lowest MIC of 4.2 μl/ml to most bacterial strains tested. Both oil and ethanolic extract of kaffir lime peels showed greater antibacterial action, compared to the extracts of kaffir lime leaves. In general, inhibitory activity of spice oils was greater than that of their own ethanolic extracts. Of all serotypes of Salmonella tested, Salmonella Typhimurium (non-DT104 strain) is the most susceptible strain to both forms of spice extracts. On the other hand, Salmonella Derby and Salmonella Rissen were the most resistant strains to the extracts, followed by Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Escherichia coli was more susceptible to most of the spice oils than other non-salmonellae strains tested.
Amyloidogenic and anti-amyloidogenic properties of recombinant transthyretin variants (2004)

Most transthyretin (TTR) mutations lead to TTR amyloid depositions in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy. However, though an amyloidogenic protein itself, TTR inhibits aggregation of Alzheimer's amyloid beta protein (A beta) in vitro and in vivo. The pathogenic relationship between two amyloidogenic processes remains unclear. To understand how TTR mutations influence the ability of TTR to inhibit A beta amyloidosis, forty-seven recombinant TTR variants were produced and analyzed. We showed that all recombinant proteins formed tetramers and were functional in thyroxine binding. Acid denaturation at pH 3.8 resulted in aggregation and fibril formation of all TTR variants. However, only TTR G42 and TTR P55 formed fibrils at pH 6.8. Most TTR variants bound to A beta and inhibited A beta aggregation in vitro. TTR variants S64, A71, Q89, V107, H114 and I122 revealed decreased binding to A beta and decreased inhibition of A beta aggregation. Only TTR G42 and TTR P55 completely failed to bind A beta and to inhibit A beta aggregation. We suggest that TTR variants characterized by decreased binding to A beta or by decreased inhibition of A beta aggregation in vitro may contribute to A beta amyloid formation in vivo. These TTR variants might be important targets for epidemiological studies in Alzheimer's disease.
AWG-based device for a WDM overlay PON in the 1.5 μm band (1999)

A novel concept has been developed for overlaying a power-splitting passive optical network (PON) in one wavelength band with a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) PON in another wavelength band. An eight-channel device fabricated in silica technique shows an insertion loss of 3.5 dB and a crosstalk of -23 dB for the WDM channels around 1.55 μm wavelength. The 1 to 8 splitting function at 1.50 μm wavelength has an additional penalty of -1 dB and a uniformity of /spl plusmn/0.5 dB.
Protein purification methods ‐ A Practical Approach (1990)

held in 1988 to mark Schmid's retirement one year earlier.Over fifty papers, many from former coworkers, provide a fitting tribute to his enormous contribution to the field.They also
Potentiation of Apoptosis by Treatment With the Protein Kinase C-Specific Inhibitor Safingol in Mitomycin C-Treated Gastric Cancer Cells (1995)

The PKC inhibitor safingol enhances the cytotoxic effect of the chemotherapeutic agent MMC in gastric cancer cells by promoting drug-induced apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis occurs regardless of the p53 status or the drug-resistance status of the cells.
Plasma TARC concentration may be a useful marker for asthmatic exacerbation in children (2003)

Recent studies suggested the T-helper cells type-2 lymphocytes-specific thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and monocyte-derived chemokine (MDC) are useful inflammatory markers for chronic asthma. However, their roles in assessing the severity of acute asthma are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the serial changes of plasma TARC and MDC concentrations in children with asthmatic exacerbation. All patients with acute asthma were treated with systemic corticosteroid for 5 days. The severity of asthmatic exacerbation was classified according to the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. Plasma TARC and MDC concentrations were measured by sandwich enzyme immunoassays. Sixteen children, with a median (interquartile range) age of 9.3 (7.2-10.6) yrs and asthmatic exacerbation, were recruited. Plasma TARC concentration showed inverse correlation with peak expiratory flow rate at presentation. The median plasma TARC concentration was highest during the acute attacks (46 pg x mL(-1)) as compared to those levels at 1 (31 pg x mL(-1)) and 5 weeks (32 pg x mL(-1)) following treatment. The median plasma MDC level similarly decreased from 698 pg x mL(-1) at baseline to 261 pg x mL(-1) 1 week later, but increased back to 574 pg x mL(-1) at 5 weeks. These results suggest that plasma T-helper cells type-2 lymphocytes-specific thymus and activation-regulated chemokine but not monocyte-derived chemokine concentration may be a useful inflammatory marker in assessing asthmatic exacerbation in children.
The Soliton Laser (1984)

The soliton laser1 is a novel mode-locked device employing a length of single-mode fiber in its feedback loop. Its pulse width can be made to have any desired value, down to a small fraction of a picosecond, through choice of the fiber’s length. Operation is based on the ability of single-mode fibers, in the region (λ> 1.3 µm) of negative group-velocity dispersion, to support periodic soliton pulses, as well. as to narrow broader-pulses of the same energy.2,3 As the fiber is the all-important control element, pulse shape and width are largely independent of factors, such as details of gain dynamics and pump pulse width, that are normally of prime importance in mode-locked lasers.
GATA2 is associated with familial early onset coronary artery disease (2005)

The transcription factor GATA2 plays an essential role in the establishment and maintenance of adult hematopoiesis.It is expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, as well as the cells that make up the aortic vasculature, namely aortic endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells.We have shown that GATA2 expression is predictive of location within the thoracic aorta; location is suggested to be a surrogate for disease susceptibility.The GATA2 gene maps beneath the Chromosome 3q linkage peak from our family-based sample set (GENECARD) study of early-onset coronary artery disease.Given these observations, we investigated the relationship of several known and novel polymorphisms within GATA2 to coronary artery disease.We identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms that were significantly associated with early-onset coronary artery disease in GENECARD.These results were validated by identifying significant association of two of these single nucleotide polymorphisms in an independent case-control sample set that was phenotypically similar to the GENECARD families.These observations identify GATA2 as a novel susceptibility gene for coronary artery disease and suggest that the study of this transcription factor and its downstream targets may uncover a regulatory network important for coronary artery disease inheritance.
Synthetic Routes to Multiporphyrin Arrays (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic Routes to Multiporphyrin ArraysAnthony K. Burrell, David L. Officer, Paul G. Plieger, and David C. W. ReidView Author Information Institute of Fundamental Sciences-Chemistry, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 9, 2751–2796Publication Date (Web):July 24, 2001Publication History Received12 October 2000Published online24 July 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0000426https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0000426research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3216Altmetric-Citations383LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Condensation,Hydrocarbons,Pyrroles,Zinc Get e-Alerts