gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Ward Renovation (1992)

Environmental improvements including new day hall furniture, plants, wallpaper and paint, and brighter lighting were carried out on four wards of a 40-year old state psychiatric facility. Staff on these wards rated environmental variables pre- and post renovation; behavioral mapping data for both patients and staff were also collected on one of those wards pre- and post renovation. Results indicate significant pre-post improvements in the ratings of day hall furnishings and plants. Significant main effects for ward were found in a number of environmental variables, reflecting the less demanding nature of the patient population and greater administrative support on these wards. Behavioral data showed a significant decrease in patient stereotypy and a preference for more private seating areas in the day hall following renovation.
Genetic correlates of longevity and selected age-related phenotypes: a genome-wide association study in the Framingham Study (2007)

Longevity and aging traits are associated with SNPs on the Affymetrix 100K GeneChip. None of the associations achieved genome-wide significance. These data generate hypotheses and serve as a resource for replication as more genes and biologic pathways are proposed as contributing to longevity and healthy aging.
Pan, zoom, scan &#x2014; Time-coherent, trained automatic video cropping (2008)

We present a method to fully automatically fit videos in 16:9 format on 4:3 screens and vice versa. It can be applied to arbitrary aspect ratios and can be used to make videos suitable for mobile viewing devices with small and possibly uncommonly sized displays. The cropping sequence is optimised over time to create smooth transitions and thus leads to an excellent viewing experience. Current televisions have simple and often disturbing methods which either show the centre region of the image, distort the image, or pad it with black borders. The technique presented here can fully automatically find the ldquorightrdquo viewing area for each image in a video sequence. It works in real-time with only very little time-shift. We employ different low-level features and a log-linear model to learn how to find the right area. The method is able to automatically decide whether padding with black borders is necessary or whether all relevant image areas fit on screen by cropping the image. Evaluation is done on ten videos from five different types of content and the baseline methods are clearly outperformed.
Validity of clinical diagnosis in dementia: a prospective clinicopathological study. (1985)

With neuropathological diagnosis as the point of reference, the accuracy of clinical diagnosis was studied in a series of 58 demented patients. Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia were recognised with sensitivities and specificities exceeding 70%, whereas combined dementia as a separate group was relatively unreliably diagnosed. The value of Hachinski's Ischaemic Score in differentiating between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementias was demonstrated. Its performance was to some extent improved by assigning new weights to the items. In a logistic regression model, fluctuating course, nocturnal confusion, and focal neurological symptoms emerged as features with the best discriminating value, and helped to diagnose correctly 89% of the Alzheimer and 71% of the vascular dementia patients.
Effects of retinoids and phorbol esters on the sensitivity of different cell lines to the polypeptide toxins modeccin, abrin, ricin and diphtheria toxin (1981)

The effects of retinoic acid and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate on the sensitivities of a number of cell lines to the toxins modeccin, abrin, ricin and diphtheria toxin were studied. Retinoic acid and some other retinoids were found to protect a number of the cell lines against the toxins. HeLa cells that were protected bound much more retinoic acid than L-cells that were not protected. The tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate was found to increase the sensitivity of cells to abrin, ricin and modeccin in the absence as well as in the presence of retinoic acid. Neither retinoic acid nor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate affected the extent of binding and pinocytotic uptake of toxins by the cells. Apparently retinoic acid and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate interfere with the entry of the toxins through the cell membrane.
New hydrogen-bond potentials for use in determining energetically favorable binding sites on molecules of known structure (1989)

An empirical energy function designed to calculate the interaction energy of a chemical probe group, such as a carbonyl oxygen or an amine nitrogen atom, with a target molecule has been developed. This function is used to determine the sites where ligands, such as drugs, may bind to a chosen target molecule which may be a protein, a nucleic acid, a polysaccharide, or a small organic molecule. The energy function is composed of a Lennard-Jones, an electrostatic and a hydrogen-bonding term. The latter is dependent on the length and orientation of the hydrogen bond and also on the chemical nature of the hydrogen-bonding atoms. These terms have been formulated by fitting to experimental observations of hydrogen bonds in crystal structures. In the calculations, thermal motion of the hydrogen-bonding hydrogen atoms and lone-pair electrons may be taken into account. For example, in a alcoholic hydroxyl group, the hydrogen may rotate around the C-O bond at the observed tetrahedral angle. In a histidine residue, a hydrogen atom may be bonded to either of the two imidazole nitrogens and movement of this hydrogen will cause a redistribution of charge which is dependent on the nature of the probe group and the surrounding environment. The shape of some of the energy functions is demonstrated on molecules of pharmacological interest.
Storage time of blood products and transfusion‐related acute lung injury (2011)

While longer storage of buffy coat-derived PLTs was associated with an increased risk of TRALI, storage of plasma for up to 2 years and red blood cells for up to 35 days was not associated with the risk of TRALI.
O02 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA FUNCTIONS AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL FACTOR (2007)

International audience
Oligonucleotide Therapeutics: Chemistry, Delivery and Clinical Progress (2015)

Oligonucleotide therapeutics have the potential to become a third pillar of drug development after small molecules and protein therapeutics. However, the three approved oligonucleotide drugs over the past 17 years have not proven to be highly successful in a commercial sense. These trailblazer drugs have nonetheless laid the foundations for entire classes of drug candidates to follow. This review will examine further advances in chemistry that are earlier in the pipeline of oligonucleotide drug candidates. Finally, we consider the possible effect of delivery systems that may provide extra footholds to improve the potency and specificity of oligonucleotide drugs. Our overview focuses on strategies to imbue antisense oligonucleotides with more drug-like properties and their applicability to other nucleic acid therapeutics.
P1–015: Tau–4R suppresses precursor proliferation and promotes neuronal differentiation in the hippocampus of humanized tau knock–in/knock–out mice (2006)

Protein tau is a major micro–tubule associated protein (MAP) in the vertebrate nervous system. While 6 isoforms can be generated by alternative mRNA splicing, major isoforms are tau–3R and tau–4R, differing by the second microtubule binding domain encoded by exon10. Absence of this domain reduces the binding of tau–3R to microtubuli. During embryonal development, mainly tau–3R is expressed, switching to tau–4R after birth. In mice the isoform–switch occurs in the second post–natal week and is nearly complete, i.e. adult mouse neurons express only tau–4R. Besides differential isoform expression, the phosphorylation of protein tau regulates assembly and stabilization of microtubuli, but exact mechanisms remain obscure. Deficiency of tau does not result in a major phenotype, indicating redundancy due to other MAP. We generated transgenic mice expressing only the human tau–4R/2N (htau–4R) isoform on a murine tau null–background. Neuron–specific expression of htau–4R, initiated in the second post–natal week, was associated with increased hippocampal neurogenesis. The outcome was a significant increase in hippocampal volume and neuronal number, sustained throughout adult life and paralleled by improved cognitive functioning. The increased neurogenesis was further analyzed in primary hippocampal cells, prior to and after onset of htau–4R expression. In the absence of tau, cell proliferation was increased and neurite and axonal outgrowth was decreased. Expression of htau–4R, but not htau–3R suppressed proliferation, promoted neuronal differentiation and restored neurite and axonal outgrowth. We conclude that the tau–4R isoform contributes essentially to hippocampal development by controlling proliferation and differentiation of neuronal precursors.
Preinfection In Vitro Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, Oxidative Burst, and Expression of CD11/CD18 Receptors and Their Predictive Capacity on the Outcome of Mastitis Induced in Dairy Cows with Escherichia coli (1997)

Four to 6 wk after parturition, 12 cows in second, fourth, or fifth lactation were experimentally infected in one gland with Escherichia coli. The capacity of chemotaxis, phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and expression of CD11/CD18 receptors to predict the severity of IMI was measured. Bacterial counts in the infected quarter, expressed as area under the curve, and residual milk production in the uninfected quarters were compared to determine severity of the infection. Although these two outcome parameters were highly negatively correlated, regression models with preinfection tests for leukocyte function fitted best with bacterial counts as an outcome parameter. Of the preinfection tests for leukocyte function, chemotaxis best predicted the outcome of the IMI that had been experimentally induced by E. coli. The number of circulating peripheral leukocytes just prior to inoculation was used to predict 52 and 45% of the severity of IMI for bacterial counts and residual milk production, respectively. As a categorical variable, parity predicted 75 and 56% of the severity of IMI expressed as bacterial counts and residual milk production, respectively. Because of the strong effect of parity on the outcome of the experimentally induced mastitis, analysis was performed to discriminate between second parity cows and older cows. Significant differences were found for the number of circulating peripheral leukocytes and for the expression of CD11b/CD18 and CD11c/CD18 receptors between younger and older cows.
Optimal embedding of known symbols for OFDM (2002)

The problem of placing known symbols optimally for OFDM is considered. The channel is assumed to be quasi-static with a finite impulse response. Under the assumption that neither the transmitter and receiver know the channel, we optimize the training by maximizing a lower bound of the mutual information. It is shown that the lower bound is maximized by placing the known symbols periodically. Optimum energy trade-off between the training and the data is also obtained and illustrated through simulation.
Characteristics of the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase by homopolypurines. (1988)

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase partially purified from rat testis was markedly inhibited by the homopolypurines polyG, polyI and polyA. The inhibition was competitive with respect to poly(ADP-ribose) and the Ki for polyG and polyA was 2.8 uM and 5.5 uM, respectively. This inhibitory effect of the homopolypurines was practically eliminated when 250 mM KCl was present in the reaction mixture. Moreover, the inhibition exerted by polyI or polyA was markedly diminished after hybridization with polyC or polyT, respectively.
Binding of heparin to human platelet factor 4 (1986)

Platelet factor 4 is a small protein (Mr 7756) from the alpha-granules of blood platelets which binds strongly to and neutralizes the anticoagulant properties of heparin. From an analysis of X-ray crystallographic data a model for the binding of platelet factor 4 to heparin is proposed.
LTPS-TFT Pixel Circuit Compensating for TFT Threshold Voltage Shift and IR-Drop on the Power Line for AMOLED Displays (2012)

We propose a new pixel design for the active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) using low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs). The proposed pixel is composed of four switching TFTs, one driving TFT (DTFT), and one capacitor. The simulation results are performed by AIM-SPICE software. The error rate of OLED output current with <svg style="vertical-align:-3.276pt;width:29.8125px;" id="M1" height="15.25" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 29.8125 15.25" width="29.8125" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-.017,.062,11.113)"><path id="x1D449" d="M730 650l-8 -28q-52 -4 -72 -18t-64 -77q-79 -113 -321 -539h-33l-119 541q-13 59 -29.5 73t-66.5 20l7 28h245l-8 -28l-28 -5q-33 -6 -40.5 -15.5t-0.5 -38.5l102 -450h2q191 320 246 430q21 42 15.5 56t-43.5 19l-31 4l7 28h240z"/></g> <g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-.012,12.675,15.188)"><path id="x54" d="M592 498l-30 -3q-13 63 -31 89q-13 19 -33.5 25.5t-75.5 6.5h-70v-493q0 -60 16 -75.5t86 -19.5v-28h-286v28q68 4 83.5 19.5t15.5 75.5v493h-62q-60 0 -83 -7t-33 -24q-12 -17 -32 -90h-29q10 116 12 180h20q10 -16 21 -20.5t34 -4.5h395q19 0 28.5 5t21.5 20h21&#xD;&#xA;q2 -89 11 -177z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-.012,20.017,15.188)"><path id="x48" d="M729 650v-28q-62 -5 -76 -19.5t-14 -75.5v-404q0 -62 13.5 -76t75.5 -19v-28h-268v28q65 5 79.5 19t14.5 76v199h-341v-199q0 -62 14 -76t76 -19v-28h-263v28q61 5 74.5 19t13.5 76v404q0 62 -14 76t-76 19v28h259v-28q-58 -5 -71 -19t-13 -76v-162h341v162&#xD;&#xA;q0 61 -13.5 75.5t-72.5 19.5v28h261z"/></g> </svg> (threshold voltage) variation (0.3&#x2009;V) and <svg style="vertical-align:-3.39064pt;width:25.924999px;" id="M2" height="15.4" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 25.924999 15.4" width="25.924999" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-.017,.062,11.113)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"/></g> <g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-.012,12.675,15.188)"><path id="x64" d="M517 51v-25q-101 -18 -155 -38v65l-61 -36q-50 -29 -78 -29q-68 0 -126.5 58t-58.5 155q0 103 77 175.5t180 72.5q36 0 67 -12v143q0 48 -11.5 58.5t-65.5 14.5v25q79 9 156 34v-597q0 -38 7.5 -48t36.5 -13zM362 85v275q-35 51 -103 51q-20 0 -40.5 -8.5t-42 -28&#xD;&#xA;t-35 -57.5t-13.5 -89q0 -83 42 -130t96 -47q51 0 96 34z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-.012,18.958,15.188)"><use xlink:href="#x64"/></g> </svg> power line drop by 1&#x2009;V are improved to about 1.67&#x25; and 15&#x25;, respectively. Thus, the proposed pixel circuit can successfully overcome drawbacks suffered from DTFT threshold voltage deviation and IR-drop on power line.
Nonspecific Binding ofClostridium difficileToxin A to Murine Immunoglobulins Occurs via the Fab Component (1998)

Clostridium difficile toxin A binds nonspecifically to a mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) immunoglobulin G3 lambda chain [IgG3(lambda)], through the Fab component. This binding, which is retained even after boiling the MAb, is temperature dependent, with more toxin bound at 4 than 37 degrees C (P = 0.0024). The nonspecific binding was decreased by incubation of the IgG3 lambda MAb with alpha- or beta-galactosidase (P = 0.0001 and 0.029, respectively), indicating that toxin A binds to a carbohydrate moiety on the Fab. However, binding was not blocked by the Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin BS-1, indicating that a terminal alpha-galactose may not be involved. Binding was also not affected by competitive assays with Lewis X antigen. The dependence on carbohydrate moieties in nonspecific binding was also shown for two other MAbs, IgA(kappa) and IgM(lambda), with demonstration of a significant reduction in binding with alpha-galactosidase (P = 0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively) but not beta-galactosidase (P = 0.27 and 0.25, respectively).
cis-Element Combinations Determine Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns (1992)

Antonio Leyva, Xiaowu Liang, , Richard A. Dixon, Christopher J. Lamb, cis-Element Combinations Determine Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns, The Plant Cell, Vol. 4, No. 3 (Mar., 1992), pp. 263-271
Programmed cell death 1 forms negative costimulatory microclusters that directly inhibit T cell receptor signaling by recruiting phosphatase SHP2 (2012)

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is a negative costimulatory receptor critical for the suppression of T cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Single cell imaging elucidated a molecular mechanism of PD-1-mediated suppression. PD-1 becomes clustered with T cell receptors (TCRs) upon binding to its ligand PD-L1 and is transiently associated with the phosphatase SHP2 (Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2). These negative costimulatory microclusters induce the dephosphorylation of the proximal TCR signaling molecules. This results in the suppression of T cell activation and blockade of the TCR-induced stop signal. In addition to PD-1 clustering, PD-1-TCR colocalization within microclusters is required for efficient PD-1-mediated suppression. This inhibitory mechanism also functions in PD-1(hi) T cells generated in vivo and can be overridden by a neutralizing anti-PD-L1 antibody. Therefore, PD-1 microcluster formation is important for regulation of T cell activation.
Genetic variation of human neutrophil Fcγ receptors and SIRPα in antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity towards cancer cells (2017)

The efficacy of cancer therapeutic antibodies varies considerably among patients. Anti-cancer antibodies act through different mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) triggered via Fcγ receptors (FcγR). This phagocyte ADCC can be promoted by interference with CD47-SIRPα interactions, but the magnitude of this enhancement also varies among individuals. Both FcγR and SIRPα display considerable genetic variation, and we investigated whether this explains some of the variability in ADCC. Because of linkage disequilibrium between FcγR variants the interpretation of previous reports suggesting a potential link between FcγR polymorphisms and ADCC has been troublesome. We performed an integrated genetic analysis that enables stratification. ADCC by activated human neutrophils towards Trastuzumab-coated breast cancer cells was predominantly dependent on FcγRIIa. Neutrophils from individuals with the FcγRIIa-131H polymorphic variant displayed significantly higher killing capacity relative to those with FcγRIIa-131R. Furthermore, ADCC was consistently enhanced by targeting CD47-SIRPα interactions, and there were no significant functional differences between the two most prevalent SIRPα polymorphic variants. Thus, neutrophil ADCC capacity is directly related to the FcγRIIa polymorphism, and targeting CD47-SIRPα interactions enhances ADCC independently of FcγR and SIRPα genotype, thereby further suggesting that CD47-SIRPα interference might be a generic strategy for potentiating the efficacy of antibody therapy in cancer.
Synergistic effect of immunization with a peptide cocktail inducing antibody, helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses on protection against respiratory syncytial virus. (1999)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) or neutralizing antibodies can protect against RSV infection when induced separately by immunization with synthetic peptides. In the work described here, RSV-specific neutralizing antibodies and CTLs were induced after immunization with a cocktail of peptides consisting of a B-cell mimotope (S1S-MAP), a T-helper epitope (SH:45-60) and a CTL epitope linked to a fusion (F) peptide (F/M2:81-95) that were comparable to those induced by the peptides alone. Following challenge, a 190-fold reduction in RSV titre was observed in the lungs of peptide cocktail-immunized mice. The combination of RSV-specific humoral and cellular immunity induced by the peptide cocktail was thus more effective at clearing RSV than peptide-induced humoral or cellular immunity alone.
Alkylation Reactions ofN-Alkylpyrroles Resulting in the Diastereoselective Formation of Diarylacetic Esters (1992)

Alkyl α-methoxy- and α-hydroxyheteroarylacetates interact with Lewis acids to give planar cations at different rates, which can lead to a kinetic resolution; the cations can react with a different heterocyclic component to form alkyl diarylacetates such as methyl (N-methyl-3-indolyl)-N-(R)-α-methylbenzyl-2-pyrrylacetate (10) with a diastereofacial selectivity as high as 95%.
Dose-Dependent Effects of Topical Tobramycin in an Animal Model of Pseudomonas Sinusitis (2007)

As opposed to normal saline irrigations, topical tobramycin led to a significant improvement in the degree of infection within an animal model of P. aeruginosa sinusitis. Despite the elimination of bacteria within the nasal lavage, there was a suggestion of a residual indolent infection as evidenced by persistent inflammation within the mucosa and underlying bone.
Lack of age-related differences in temporal lobe volume of very healthy adults. (1994)

In very healthy aging, the volume of the temporal lobes remains constant over the age range of human life.
Metabolic Correlates of Myocardial Stunning and the Effect of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1993)

In order to study the metabolic consequences of myocardial stunning, repeated coronary occlusions were performed in dogs. The production of CO2, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr), and inorganic phosphate (Pi) by myocardial cells was assessed, along with extracellular and intracellular pH. Our results indicate that regional coronary artery occlusion reduces the ability of the myocardium to produce H+ and CO2 and to replenish ATP post ischemia. These alterations, then, represent the hallmark of metabolic viability during periods of ischemic insult. Decreases in PCr and Pi were completely eliminated during reperfusion and, therefore, are ot reflective of myocardial stunning. When normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is instituted and the coronary artery is occluded three times with reperfusion between each occlusion, alterations in myocardial H+ and high energy phosphates are identical to those observed using only repetitive coronary occlusion. Systemic hypothermia during CPB does not protect against myocardial stunning; however, it is anticipated that interventions that prevent the reduction in H+ and ATP levels may overcome the effects of myocardial stunning that occur during cardiac surgery.