gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimeric forms of Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) peptide enhance the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. (1993)

The Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) peptide derived from the laminin B1 chain has been shown to decrease tumor growth and metastasis. Utilizing the multimeric antigen peptide system assembled on a branched lysine core, we synthesized several sizes of multimeric YIGSR, (CH3CO-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-Gly)16-Lys8-Lys4-Lys2 -Lys-Gly [(Ac-YIGSRG)16 K8K4K2KG] (designated Ac-Y16), (Ac-YIGSRG)8K4K2KG (Ac-Y8), and (Ac-YIGSRG)4K2KG (Ac-Y4), and related peptides, Ac-(YIGSRG)4-NH2 (Ac-Y4L) and Ac-YIGSR-NH2 (Ac-Y1) and evaluated their biological activities in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Coinjection of 0.2 mg/mouse of Ac-Y16 i.v. with B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells inhibited lung colony formation by 97%, whereas 0.2 mg/mouse of Ac-Y1 inhibited by 50%. The larger the peptide (Ac-Y16 > Ac-Y8 > Ac-Y4 > Ac-Y1), the more inhibitory effect there was on lung metastasis. Ac-Y16 also inhibited the growth of s.c.-injected B16-F10 tumors. These data demonstrate that the multimeric YIGSR peptides strongly enhanced the activity of YIGSR in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis and suggest that these compounds are potentially useful for clinical applications.
Application of Multivariate Statistical Models to Prediction of NOx Emissions from Complex Industrial Heater Systems (2005)

Industrial fired heaters are a major source of nitrogen oxides ( NOx ). On-line analyzers, kinetic models with computational fluid dynamics, and empirical predictive models have been developed to monitor NOx emissions and analyze excessive NOx emissions. However, previous approaches have been applied only to single heater systems, not to large-scale multiheater systems. This paper proposes a hierarchical monitoring and diagnosis procedure to monitor NOx emissions from large-scale multiheater systems and to identify the root causes of excessive NOx emissions as well as heater malfunctions. The procedure provides a functional three-layer hierarchy: (1) prediction of NOx concentrations; (2) estimation of the influence of individual heaters on the predicted NOx ; and (3) identification of the root causes by examining the detailed contributions of process variables to variations of the heater identified in step 2 as being the principal source of NOx . An integrated multiblock partial least-squares (PLS) model, created by combining standard PLS and multiblock PLS, is employed to predict the NOx emissions and estimate the influences of the heaters on the emissions. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through its application in two case studies.
Preparation of an Amphiphilic Resin-Supported BINAP Ligand and Its Use for Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4-Addition of Phenylboronic Acid in Water (2004)

[reaction: see text] The axially chiral bisphosphine ligand, 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (binap), was supported on a polystyrene-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer (PS-PEG) resin and was used successfully for the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of phenylboronic acid to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones in water.
Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy of the initial oxidation stage of small silicon nanocrystals (2009)

In this paper we study the influence of progressing oxidation on the photoluminescence spectra of small silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs). H-terminated SiNCs exhibit only a fast approximately nanosecond photoluminescence component at ∼525 nm, quenched and redshifted to ∼550 nm by progressing oxidation. At the same time a new approximately microsecond photoluminescence component appears, intensity of which progressively increases and its peak position redshifts continuously from 575 up to 660 nm. We interpret our observations in terms of the quasidirect core electron-hole pair recombination quenched by the ultrafast trapping into the oxygen-related surface/interface states, forming within the band gap due to oxidation.
Integrating motion into computational environments (1989)

Motion video in the computation environment is a major step in the evolution of expressive and effective computer systems. However, video is a difficult medium to integrate into a professional workstation or a personal computer. This true from the base video mixing architecture to the functional design of the user interface.
The modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index: validation of an instrument to assess psoriatic nail involvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis. (2007)

The mNAPSI demonstrated excellent interrater reliability and construct validity, and may be a valuable tool.
Retinal remodeling in the Tg P347L rabbit, a large‐eye model of retinal degeneration (2011)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited blinding disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal photoreceptors. There are numerous rodent models of retinal degeneration, but most are poor platforms for interventions that will translate into clinical practice. The rabbit possesses a number of desirable qualities for a model of retinal disease including a large eye and an existing and substantial knowledge base in retinal circuitry, anatomy, and ophthalmology. We have analyzed degeneration, remodeling, and reprogramming in a rabbit model of retinal degeneration, expressing a rhodopsin proline 347 to leucine transgene in a TgP347L rabbit as a powerful model to study the pathophysiology and treatment of retinal degeneration. We show that disease progression in the TgP347L rabbit closely tracks human cone-sparing RP, including the cone-associated preservation of bipolar cell signaling and triggering of reprogramming. The relatively fast disease progression makes the TgP347L rabbit an excellent model for gene therapy, cell biological intervention, progenitor cell transplantation, surgical interventions, and bionic prosthetic studies.
Noninvasive and localized neuronal delivery using short ultrasonic pulses and microbubbles (2011)

Focused ultrasound activation of systemically administered microbubbles is a noninvasive and localized drug delivery method that can increase vascular permeability to large molecular agents. Yet the range of acoustic parameters responsible for drug delivery remains unknown, and, thus, enhancing the delivery characteristics without compromising safety has proven to be difficult. We propose a new basis for ultrasonic pulse design in drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that uses principles of probability of occurrence and spatial distribution of cavitation in contrast to the conventionally applied magnitude of cavitation. The efficacy of using extremely short (2.3 μs) pulses was evaluated in 27 distinct acoustic parameter sets at low peak-rarefactional pressures (0.51 MPa or lower). The left hippocampus and lateral thalamus were noninvasively sonicated after administration of Definity microbubbles. Disruption of the BBB was confirmed by delivery of fluorescently tagged 3-, 10-, or 70-kDa dextrans. Under some conditions, dextrans were distributed homogeneously throughout the targeted region and accumulated at specific hippocampal landmarks and neuronal cells and axons. No histological damage was observed at the most effective parameter set. Our results have broadened the design space of parameters toward a wider safety window that may also increase vascular permeability. The study also uncovered a set of parameters that enhances the dose and distribution of molecular delivery, overcoming standard trade-offs in avoiding associated damage. Given the short pulses used similar to diagnostic ultrasound, new critical parameters were also elucidated to clearly separate therapeutic ultrasound from disruption-free diagnostic ultrasound.
Generation of sports highlights using motion activity in combination with a common audio feature extraction framework (2004)

In our past work we have used temporal patterns of motion activity to extract sports highlights. We have also used audio classification based approaches to develop a common audio-based platform for feature extraction that works across three different sports. In this paper, we combine the two aforementioned complementary approaches so as to get higher accuracy. We propose a framework for mining the semantic audio-visual labels in order to detect "interesting" events. Our results show that the proposed techniques work well across our three sports of interest, soccer, golf and baseball.
Applications of plane-wave destruction filters (2002)

Abstract Plane-wave destruction filters originate from a local plane-wave model for characterizing seismic data. These filters can be thought of as a time–distance (T-X) analog of frequency-distance (F-X) prediction-error filters and as an alternative to T-X prediction-error filters. The filters are constructed with the help of an implicit finite-difference scheme for the local plane-wave equation. Several synthetic and real data examples show that finite-difference plane-wave destruction filters perform well in applications such as fault detection, data interpolation, and noise attenuation.
Radioimmunoscintigraphy of Pelvic Lymph Nodes with111Indium-Labeled Monoclonal Antibody CYT-356 (1994)

In an attempt to define the possible role of radioimmunoscintigraphy to assess noninvasively the pelvic lymph nodes, we studied 19 patients with prostate cancer. All 19 men underwent conventional radiographic imaging of the pelvis with computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging before bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. In addition, radioimmunological scanning with 111indium-labeled monoclonal antibody CYT-356 was performed. Pathologically 8 of the 19 patients had histological confirmation of metastatic nodal disease ranging from 1 to 15 mm. The monoclonal scan was positive at a site corresponding to the histologically confirmed nodal foci in 4 of the 8 patients. Since each hemipelvis could be independently assessed for pathological disease and imaging status, we report site-specific analysis of the monoclonal antibody scan in 38 hemipelves. The overall accuracy was 76% with a sensitivity and specificity of 44% and 86%, respectively. The negative predictive value was 83% and the positive predictive value was 50%. The administration of a single dose of CYT-356 antibody is safe, feasible and capable of detecting soft tissue nodal disease. A negative scan enables the physician to predict noninvasively a low probability of nodal disease for individuals at high risk. The detection threshold of this antibody scan appears to be disease foci 5 mm. or greater.
Flow cytometric analysis of the V? repertoire in healthy controls (2000)

The results of our study can now be used as reference values in studies on distortions of the Vbeta repertoire in disease states. The six-tube test kit can be used for detection of single Vbeta domain expression in large T-cell expansions (>2.0 x 10(9)/l), which are clinically suspicious of T-cell leukemia.
Not neutral earthing eystem voltage imbalance analysis and treatment (2010)

Not neutral earthing system voltage imbalance in the actual operation of the power system which often occurred through the anomaly occurred when the voltage of the analysis to find out the reasons for the imbalance occurred, and then depending on the specific reasons for treatment. So this phenomenon in the study of very important practical significance. Based on the six-voltage power system imbalances in the analysis, through their respective voltage imbalance and a symbol of the analysis, summed up the difference between judgement methods, and to make practical operation in which the handling of such cases, the entire Transforming power system operating voltage imbalance in the handling of professional basis.
Management of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms: Current treatment options, challenges and future directions (2010)

Hot flashes are one of the most common and distressing symptoms associated with menopause, occurring in more than 75% of postmenopausal women. They are especially problematic in breast cancer patients since some breast cancer therapies can induce hot flashes. For mild hot flashes, it is proposed that behavioral modifications are the first step in management. Hormonal therapies, including estrogens and progestogens, are the most well known effective agents in relieving hot flashes; however, the safety of these agents is controversial. There is an increasing amount of literature on nonhormonal agents for the treatment of hot flashes. The most promising data regard newer antidepressant agents such as venlafaxine, which reduces hot flashes by about 60%. Gabapentin is another nonhormonal agent that is effective in reducing hot flashes. While many complimentary therapies, including phytoestrogens, black cohosh, and dehydroepiandrosterone, have been explored for the treatment of hot flashes; none can be recommended at this time. Furthermore, there is a lack of strong evidence to support exercise, yoga, or relaxation for the treatment of hot flashes. Paced respirations and hypnosis appear to be promising enough to warrant further investigation. Another promising nonpharmacological therapy, currently under investigation, involves a stellate ganglion block.
A barrel shift microsystem for parallel processing (1990)

A flow-through interconnection network microsystem is described. It is part of a parallel SIMD graphics architecture called Cube in which the network interconnects between n pairs of processors and memories. No two accesses involve the same memory or processor and their is an uniform communication distance among the processors. The interconnection network is based on a modular and VLSI implemented barrel switch (BS) unit, which provides modularity and flexibility of the entire network. A rotate distance of up to 16 processor-memory pairs is performed in a flow-through manner in a single machine cycle. Structurally, the BS is organized in a simple and repetitive pattern of junction elements and connection paths, extendable in its overall length and its data width, and suited for VLSI implementation. >
T-bet is required for optimal production of IFN-γ and antigen-specific T cell activation by dendritic cells (2003)

IFN-gamma is well known as the signature cytokine of CD4+ T helper 1, CD8+, and natural killer cells, but recent studies demonstrate that antigen-presenting cells, in particular dendritic cells (DCs), are another potent source for this proinflammatory cytokine. T-bet, a transcription factor that controls IFN-gamma expression in CD4+ T cells, was reported recently to be expressed in human monocytes and myeloid DCs. In this study we investigate the role of T-bet in this important cell type. The development, differentiation, and activation of bone marrow and splenic DCs were unimpaired in mice lacking T-bet. However, T-bet was essential for the optimal production of IFN-gamma by both CD8alpha+ and CD8alpha- DCs. T-bet-deficient DCs were significantly impaired in their capacity to secrete IFN-gamma after both stimulation with IL-12 alone or in combination with IL-18. Further, T-bet-/- DCs were impaired in their ability to activate the T helper 1 program of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells in vivo. The rapid up-regulation of T-bet by IFN-gamma in DCs coupled with a function for DC-derived IFN-gamma in T cell activation may constitute a positive feedback loop to maximize type 1 immunity.
Association between Apolipoprotein E Polymorphisms and Age-related Macular Degeneration: A HuGE Review and Meta-Analysis (2006)

A possible association between apolipoprotein E polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration has been investigated numerous times, with conflicting results. A previous analysis pooling results from four studies (Schmidt et al., Ophthalmic Genet 2002;23:209-23) suggested an association, but those investigators did not document allele frequencies, the magnitude of the association, or the possible genetic mode of action. Thus, the authors searched MEDLINE from 1966 to December 2005 for any English-language studies reporting genetic associations. Data and study quality were assessed in duplicate. Pooling was performed while checking for heterogeneity and publication bias. Frequencies of the E2 and E4 alleles in Caucasians were approximately 8% and 15%, respectively. Allele- and genotype-based tests of association indicated a risk effect of up to 20% for E2 and a protective effect of up to 40% for E4. E2 appeared to act in a recessive mode and E4 in a dominant mode. There appears to be a differential effect of the E2 and E4 alleles on the risk of age-related macular degeneration, although the possibility of survivor bias needs to be ruled out more definitively.
Solid phase microextraction ion mobility spectrometer interface for explosive and taggant detection (2005)

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rugged, inexpensive, sensitive, field portable technique for the detection of organic compounds. It is widely employed in ports of entry and by the military as a particle detector for explosives and drugs of abuse. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is an effective extraction technique that has been successfully employed in the field for the pre-concentration of a variety of compounds. Many organic high explosives do not have a high enough vapor pressure for effective vapor sampling. However, these explosives and their commercial explosive mixtures have characteristic volatile components detectable in their headspace. In addition, taggants are added to explosives to aid in detection through headspace sampling. SPME can easily extract these compounds from the headspace for IMS vapor detection. An interface that couples SPME to IMS was constructed and evaluated for the detection of the following detection taggants: 2-nitrotoluene (2-NT), 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT), and 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB). The interface was also evaluated for the following common explosives: smokeless powder (nitrocellulose, NC), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). This is the first peer reviewed report of a SPME-IMS system that is shown to extract volatile constituent chemicals and detection taggants in explosives from a headspace for subsequent detection in a simple, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive manner.
In vivo cell tracking by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy: quantification of leukocyte kinetics. (1998)

A technique to measure the kinetics of circulating leukocytes in vivo has been developed. Although leukocyte activation itself is insufficient to cause slowing of leukocyte velocity, the data indicate that leukocyte adherence to endothelium can be induced in the absence of local or systemic activating stimuli.
Generation of α,β-Unsaturated Platinum Carbenes from Homopropargylic Alcohols: Rearrangements to Polysubstituted Furans (2011)

A number of diversely substituted furans are synthesized via a cycloisomerization process that goes through a unique metal carbene species. Both ligand structure and the nature of the leaving group are evaluated. The characteristics of the carbene intermediate can be modulated, resulting in highly selective hydrogen or silicon group migrations.
Immobilized cells : principles and applications (1987)

Introduction 1. Cell biology of immobilized cells 2. Production and characterization of cells for use in immobilized cell reactors 3. Entrapment, encapsulation and retention by membranes 4. Covalent bonding, cross-linking and flocculation of cells 5. Adsorption 6. Special methods 7. Reactor design and operation 8. Special systems References Index.
Neurotoxicity of a Fragment of the Amyloid Precursor Associated with Alzheimer's Disease (1989)

Amyloid deposition in senile plaques and the cerebral vasculature is a marker of Alzheimer's disease. Whether amyloid itself contributes to the neurodegenerative process or is simply a by-product of that process is unknown. Pheochromocytoma (PC12) and fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cell lines were transfected with portions of the gene for the human amyloid precursor protein. Stable PC12 cell transfectants expressing a specific amyloid-containing fragment of the precursor protein gradually degenerated when induced to differentiate into neuronal cells with nerve growth factor. Conditioned medium from these cells was toxic to neurons in primary hippocampal cultures, and the toxic agent could be removed by immunoabsorption with an antibody directed against the amyloid polypeptide. Thus, a peptide derived from the amyloid precursor may be neurotoxic.
The voltage sensor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore is tuned by the oxidation-reduction state of vicinal thiols. Increase of the gating potential by oxidants and its reversal by reducing agents (1994)

Reaction of isolated mitochondria with a variety of agents that lead to oxidation or cross-linking of sulfhydryl groups leads to an increased "open" probability of the permeability transition pore, a cyclosporin A-sensitive channel. We have investigated the mechanism by which the pore is induced by menadione, diamide, arsenite, and tert-butylhydroperoxide. We find that these inducers increase the probability of pore opening by shifting its gating potential to higher values. Furthermore, the induced shift was prevented by treatment with N-ethylmaleimide or dithiothreitol. At moderate levels of depolarization an apparent I50 for N-ethylmaleimide of bout 5 microM can be defined, while the N-ethylmaleimide or dithiothreitol effects are overcome by maximal depolarization. We conclude that the oxidation-reduction state of vicinal thiols in cysteinyl residues plays a critical role in tuning the voltage sensor of the transition pore, with an increase of gating potential (i.e. an increase in the probability of pore opening despite a high transmembrane potential difference) as the couple is poised to a more oxidized state. These findings may have implications for the mechanism of cell damage under oxidative stress.