gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Allergen Psi c 2 from the Basidiomycete <i>Psilocybe cubensis</i> as a Fungal Cyclophilin (1995)

Basidiospores are a prevalent and frequent cause of respiratory allergies, yet their allergens remain poorly defined; thus, we have attempted a molecular characterization of representative basidiomycete allergens. A Psilocybe cubensis mycelial cDNA library was immunoscreened with patient serum. A clone was isolated that expressed a 23-kD recombinant allergen as a fusion protein and inhibited a 16-kD band (Psi c 2) in immunoprints of P. cubenis extract, indicating antigenic identity. Sequence (cDNA) analysis of the clone indicates homology with cyclophilin and the deduced amino acid sequence of Psi c 2 showed 78% identity and 4% similarity with the amino acid sequence of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cyclophilin. This recombinant allergen is a useful model for epitope analysis of basidiospore allergens and fungal allergen cross-reactivity, and may provide an improved reagent for basidiospore allergy diagnosis and treatment.
Oncolytic virotherapy for malignant glioma: translating laboratory insights into clinical practice (2013)

Glioblastoma multiforme, one of the most common and aggressive brain tumors in adults, is highly resistant to currently available therapies and often recurs. Due to its poor prognosis and difficult management, there is an urgent need for the development and translation of new anti-glioma therapeutic approaches into the clinic. In this context, oncolytic virotherapy arises as an exciting treatment option for glioma patients. These natural or genetically engineered viruses are able to effectively infect cancer cells, inducing a specific anti-tumor cytotoxic effect. In addition, some viruses have been redesigned to specially modulate glioma microenvironment, to express cytokines to boost a systemic anti-glioma immune response and to incorporate angiostatic genes to decrease glioma vasculature. Although recent clinical trials have confirmed the safety of oncolytic virotherapies in the brain, their moderate clinical efficacy has not yet matched the encouraging preclinical laboratory results. In this review, we will discuss the leading anti-glioma virotherapy approaches that are presently under preclinical and clinical evaluation. We will also review different delivery methods, in vivo virus behavior, fate, replication, and intratumoral spread, activation of antitumor immune response and targeting of glioma stem cells. We will focus on the advantages and limitations of each therapeutic approach and how to overcome these hurdles to effectively translate exciting laboratory results into promising clinical trials.
Overview of Frontotemporal Dementias and the Consensus Applied (1999)

Frontotemporal dementia, progressive nonfluent aphasia and semantic dementia are distinct clinical syndromes arising from degeneration of the frontotemporal lobes, each syndrome being determined by the distribution of degenerative change within the brain. The Lund-Manchester consensus statement provided diagnostic guidelines for frontotemporal dementia, which were devised to improve its clinical and pathological recognition. The Lund-Manchester groups together with researchers from the United States, Canada and Europe have sought to build on those original criteria to produce a revised set of consensus criteria for each of the major clinical syndromes of frontotemporal lobe degeneration. It is hoped that these new criteria will serve to highlight an important and neglected form of dementia and provide the impetus for clinical and basic scientific research.
Growth of manganese filled carbon nanofibers in the vapor phase (1994)

We report the vapor phase growth of partially filled graphitic fibers, 20-30 nm in diameter and up to a micron in length, during a manganese catalyzed carbon electric arc discharge. The fiber morphology resembles that of catalytic chemical vapor deposited carbon filaments but the inside hollow contains intermittent precipitates and continuous filling of Mn that at times occupy &gt;50% of fiber lengths. Transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss line spectra show that the fillings form as solid cores and may correspond to pure metal.
MicroRNAs in Cancer (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that typically inhibit the translation and stability of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), controlling genes involved in cellular processes such as inflammation, cell-cycle regulation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. Thus, miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of virtually all signaling circuits within a cell, and their dysregulation has been shown to play an essential role in the development and progression of cancer. Here, after a brief description of miRNA genomics, biogenesis, and function, we discuss the effects of miRNA dysregulation in the cellular pathways that lead to the progressive conversion of normal cells into cancer cells and the potential to develop new molecular miRNA-targeted therapies.
Sensitive high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay for amphotericin B which incorporates an internal standard (1986)

We developed a rapid, sensitive, high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure which incorporates a commercially available internal standard, 1-amino-4-nitronaphthalene, to measure amphotericin B in serum. Recovery was quantitative (greater than or equal to 90%), and the standard curve was linear from 0.04 to at least 10.0 micrograms/ml. The reproducibility of the assay was good, with intrarun coefficients of variation from 2.0 to 6.8% and interrun coefficients of variation from 4.9 to 10.0%. Comparison by linear regression analysis of the HPLC assay with an agar well diffusion bioassay gave a correlation coefficient of 0.942, with the HPLC assay exhibiting greater precision and sensitivity. No interference was encountered from over 20 drugs and three amphotericin B analogs. However, serum specimens that contained high concentrations of conjugated bilirubin (greater than 3 mg/dl) produced interfering peaks in both this assay and other previously reported HPLC assays for amphotericin B. We also describe a solid-phase extraction procedure which effectively removes this interference and uses an alternative internal standard (N-acetyl amphotericin B).
Pragmatic OAM with polarization multiplexing transmission for future 5G ultra-high capacity radio (2016)

A new orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode and polarization multiplexing transmission system in the millimeter-wave range is proposed for future Ultra high capacity backhaul/fronthaul radio. Our theoretical analysis reveals that all the OAM modes can be used with polarization transmission while maintaining high degree of orthogonality. Furthermore, we show that links in the order of 100m can be achieved using the OAM lower-order modes in the millimeter-wave bands. A combination of an antenna array and a Butler matrix can encode and decode multiple OAM modes. We achieved 7-m transmission with two-modes multiplexing with a prototype of our system at 5.2 GHz. This translates to over 100m when applied to the mmwave bands. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis, and are verifies our estimation of available link distance.
The Modulatory Role of Gut Hormones in Elemental Diet and Intravenous Total Parenteral Nutrition‐Induced Bacterial Translocation in Rats (1994)

We have previously shown that parenteral and certain elemental diets promote bacterial translocation and that this diet-induced bacterial translocation can be prevented by the provision of bulk-forming dietary fiber. The goal of the current study was to test the hypothesis that fiber's protective effect on diet-induced bacterial translocation was mediated by trophic gut hormones. This hypothesis was tested by using bombesin (which stimulates gut hormone release) or the somatostatin analog Sandostatin (which inhibits gut hormone release) to modulate gut hormone release in rats receiving rat food, intravenous total parenteral nutrition, or an elemental diet. Both bombesin and fiber were effective in preventing elemental diet-induced bacterial translocation, whereas octreotide acetate abrogated the protective effect of fiber. Bombesin was also effective in limiting bacterial translocation in parenterally fed rats. Although both enteral (elemental diet) and parenteral diet-induced bacterial translocation were associated with cecal bacterial overgrowth, loss of small-bowel weight, and loss of mucosal protein content, none of these factors seemed to be primarily responsible for bacterial translocation. Because bombesin decreased the incidence of villous injury in the elemental diet-fed rats and decreased the incidence of villous injury and prevented loss of intestinal barrier function to horseradish peroxidase in the parenterally fed rats, it is possible that bombesin exerted its protective effect by limiting mucosal injury and preserving barrier function.
Fast rates for support vector machines using Gaussian kernels (2007)

For binary classification we establish learning rates up to the order of n−1 for support vector machines (SVMs) with hinge loss and Gaussian RBF kernels. These rates are in terms of two assumptions on the considered distributions: Tsybakov’s noise assumption to establish a small estimation error, and a new geometric noise condition which is used to bound the approximation error. Unlike previously proposed concepts for bounding the approximation error, the geometric noise assumption does not employ any smoothness assumption.
6 Strategies to Adapt Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Therapy Applications: Targeting and Integration (1999)

For the effective application of gene therapy strategies to human disease, Anderson suggested that certain criteria should be met; namely, that vectors should deliver a therapeutic gene specifically to a target cell, that resultant gene expression should be at an appropriate level and for an appropriate period of time, and that delivery and expression of the therapeutic gene should be achieved within an acceptable safety margin (Anderson and Fletcher 1980). These criteria remain largely unmet. However, in recent years, disappointment in the results of clinical trials has forced a refocusing on the basics of vector design, resulting in steady advancements in vector technology that now show promise for more successful gene therapy. Development of vectors that have in vivo efficacy is critical because many diseases for which gene therapy can be rationally considered require direct in situ gene delivery and cannot feasibly be addressed by an ex vivo approach. Replication-incompetent adenovirus is a potential candidate vector for clinical gene therapy based on several key attributes that include ease of production to high titer, infection of both dividing and nondividing cells, and systemic stability, which has allowed for efficient in vivo gene expression (Brody and Crystal 1994). However, the virus has several important limitations including its widespread tropism, stimulation of inflammatory and immune responses, and short-term transgene expression (Yang et al. 1995Yang et al. 1996; Tomko et al. 1997). This chapter focuses chiefly on the issue of targeted gene delivery to address the limitations brought about by native viral tropism. To date, several...
20603 Development of a Alternative Input Device for Disabled Persons in Technical High School (2007)

In recent years, in the manufacturing industry of Japan, the ratio of the applicant for a job to the manufacturing industry is decreasing, and a sense of crisis has arisen to the future of the manufacturing industry. Then, development of attractive teaching materials and a practical technical-education program is demanded for training of young engineers. In this paper, new teaching materials are proposed for the subject research in the third-year student in the technical high school. The system considered the user's ease to use is manufactured based on a PDCA cycle. The new teaching materials which can feel the pleasure of the production are developed.
Large-pitch kagome-structured hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (2006)

We report the fabrication and characterization of a new type of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber based on large-pitch (approximately 12 microm) kagome lattice cladding. The optical characteristics of the 19-cell, 7-cell, and single-cell core defect fibers include broad optical transmission bands covering the visible and near-IR parts of the spectrum with relatively low loss and low chromatic dispersion, no detectable surface modes and high confinement of light in the core. Various applications of such a novel fiber are also discussed, including gas sensing, quantum optics, and high harmonic generation.
HLA Class I–Associated Immunodominance Affects CTL Responsiveness to an ESO Recombinant Protein Tumor Antigen Vaccine (2008)

Expression of HLA-B35 and HLA-Cw3 is associated with the induction of immunodominant CTL responses following vaccination with recombinant ESO protein. Because recombinant tumor-specific proteins are presently among the most promising candidate anticancer vaccines, our findings indicate that the monitoring of cancer vaccine trials should systematically include the assessment of HLA association with responsiveness.
Aqueous ring‐opening metathesis polymerisation of 7‐oxanorbornene derivatives with oxygen‐containing functionalities (1994)

Abstract A number of 7‐oxanorbornene derivatives with hydroxymethyl, methoxymethyl and acetoxymethyl functionalities were synthesised and investigated as monomers in ring‐opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP) catalysed by commercial ruthenium trichloride in aqueous ethanolic solvents. Comparison was made with related polymerisations of 7‐oxanorbornene derivatives with anhydride, methoxymethyl and carboxylic acid functionalities. The structures of the polymers were investigated by 1 H and 13 C NMR and their molar masses and molar mass distributions by gel‐permeation chromatography.
Thermal, Catalytic, Regiospecific Functionalization of Alkanes (2000)

The formation of a single product from terminal functionalization of linear alkanes from a transition metal-catalyzed reaction is reported. The rhodium complex Cp*Rh(eta(4)-C(6)Me(6)) (Cp*, C(5)Me(5); Me, methyl) catalyzes the high-yield formation of linear alkylboranes from commercially available borane reagents under thermal conditions. These reactions now allow catalytic, regiospecific functionalization of alkanes under thermal conditions. The organoborane products are among the most versatile synthetic intermediates in chemistry and serve as convenient precursors to alcohols, amines, and other common classes of functionalized molecules.
Role of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides in the Function of the Rat PTH/PTHrP Receptor (2000)

The receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) is a G-protein-coupled receptor with four potential sites for N-linked glycosylation. The contribution of the oligosaccharide moieties to cell surface expression, ligand binding, and signal transduction was investigated. Site-directed mutagenesis of the rat PTH/PTHrP receptor cDNA was performed at single or combination of the four potential glycosylation sites to determine the effect of the putative carbohydrate chains on the activities of the receptor. The results revealed that all four potential N-glycosylation sites in the PTH/PTHrP receptor are glycosylated. Receptors missing a single or multiple glycosylation consensus but with at least one intact glycosylation site expressed sufficiently and functioned normally. In contrast, the nonglycosylated receptor, in which all four glycosylation sites were mutated, is deficient in these functions. These data indicate important roles for N-linked glycosylation in PTH/PTHrP receptor functions.
Quantitative Evaluation of a Novel Image Segmentation Algorithm (2005)

We present a quantitative evaluation of SE-MinCut, a novel segmentation algorithm based on spectral embedding and minimum cut. We use human segmentations from the Berkeley segmentation database as ground truth and propose suitable measures to evaluate segmentation quality. With these measures we generate precision/recall curves for SE-MinCut and three of the leading segmentation algorithms: mean-shift, normalized Cuts, and the local variation algorithm. These curves characterize the performance of each algorithm over a range of input parameters. We compare the precision/recall curves for the four algorithms and show segmented images that support the conclusions obtained from the quantitative evaluation.
Bupropion for Overweight Women With Binge-Eating Disorder (2013)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00414167
Onix: a distributed control platform for large-scale production networks (2010)

Computer networks lack a general control paradigm, as traditional networks do not provide any network-wide management abstractions. As a result, each new function (such as routing) must provide its own state distribution, element discovery, and failure recovery mechanisms. We believe this lack of a common control platform has significantly hindered the development of flexible, reliable and feature-rich network control planes.To address this, we present Onix, a platform on top of which a network control plane can be implemented as a distributed system. Control planes written within Onix operate on a global view of the network, and use basic state distribution primitives provided by the platform. Thus Onix provides a general API for control plane implementations, while allowing them to make their own trade-offs among consistency, durability, and scalability.
Use of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of proteins on the surface of materials (1988)

This study demonstrates the usefulness of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection and quantification of protein on the surface of materials. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bovine gamma globulin (BGG) were the proteins used. Titanium and stainless steel were the materials tested. The proteins were detected with the use of rabbit antiserum specific for BSA and for BGG. This reaction was quantitated by the use of horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti-rabbit gamma globulin. The technique is described in detail. The technique was demonstrated to be suitable for quantitation of protein from 0.01 mg/mL to 0.1 mg/mL on the surface of 3 mm X 10 mm materials. The technique was also demonstrated to be suitable for determining the surface area of solid materials. It is a simple technique and suitable for most biomaterials laboratories.
Light-emitting diodes (1972)

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are devices designed to efficiently convert electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation, most of which is visible to the human eye. Some of the disciplines involved in the understanding and utilization of LEDs are reviewed, with emphasis on the III-V semiconducting compounds and GaP LEDs in particular. Salient features of photometry, the physics of electrical injection and luminescence, and the design of LEDs are discussed in detail, followed by a survey of prominent applications for the various LEDs.
Biochemical and physiological effects of sterol alterations in yeast—A review (1995)

Considerable progress has been made in the selection and characterization of mutants that are defective in the synthesis of ergosterol in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutations in nearly every step of the yeast sterol biosynthetic pathway have been induced and selected. These mutants have been used to elucidate the sequential order of steps in sterol synthesis, to study the mode of action of antifungal agents and to determine the method of resistance of some pathogenic fungi, and to answer questions on the role of sterols in general cell biology. Physiological examination of ergosterol null mutants, lacking all biochemical activity attributed to the particular gene, supports a role for ergosterol in a number of critical functions in the organism. Among the physiological functions attributed to ergosterol are sparking and bulking requirements, involvement in amino acid and pyrimidine transport, resistance to antifungal agents and certain cations, and a requirement for respiratory activity. Those genetic null alleles discussed in this review are erg24, lacking the ability to reduce the delta 14 double bond; erg6, unable to methylate C-24; and erg3, defective in the C-5 desaturase. The different biochemical activities that are disrupted in the ergosterol mutants support a role for ergosterol in a number of critical functions in yeast.
Immunotoxins (2000)

Immunotoxins are molecules which contain a protein toxin connected to a targeting antibody. The goal of therapy is for the molecule to bind selectively to cancer cells, or to cells mediating autoimmune disease, internalise and then for the toxin to kill the cell. Several immunotoxins meeting this definition are in preclinical and clinical development, but none are approved yet for use in general practice. One close relative of immunotoxins is the growth factor fusion toxin, wherein the targeting antibody is replaced with a growth factor that selectively binds and this ligand is fused in a recombinant fashion to a protein toxin. One such molecule, containing human interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to truncated diphtheria toxin (DT), has recently been approved under the name Ontak, and others are under development. A newer class of immunotoxins, termed recombinant immunotoxins, contain the variable or antigen binding domains of an antibody fused in recombinant fashion to a toxin. Recombinant immunotoxins, like growth factor fusion toxins, can be produced efficiently from bacteria and have a defined structure with respect to the linkage between the toxin and the ligand. However, they can, like conventional immunotoxins, be directed to antigens other than growth factor receptors, including receptor subunits. Several recombinant immunotoxins are under clinical testing and major responses have been reported, particularly in haematological malignancies. Some of these molecules may enter clinical practice in the future as targeted therapy, which is a modality distinct from those of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy.
Potential Drugs Against Cervical Cancer: Zinc-Ejecting Inhibitors of the Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Oncoprotein (1999)

We have described assay systems to identify compounds, such as 4,4'-dithiodimorpholine, that can potentially interfere with the biology and pathology of HPV. These assay systems may be useful in the development of drugs against cervical cancer, genital warts, and asymptomatic infections by genital HPVs.