gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A survey of power estimation techniques in VLSI circuits (1994)

With the advent of portable and high-density microelectronic devices, the power dissipation of very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits is becoming a critical concern. Accurate and efficient power estimation during the design phase is required in order to meet the power specifications without a costly redesign process. In this paper, we present a review of the power estimation techniques that have recently been proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nanowire Ultraviolet Photodetectors and Optical Switches (2002)

Highly sensitive nanowire switches have been created using ZnO nanowires. The light- induced conductivity increase, which is extremely sensitive to ultraviolet light, allows the reversibly switching of the nanowires between the “OFF” and “ON” states by an optical gating phenomenon analogous to the commonly used electrical gating. The Figure shows a field-emission SEM image of a 60 nm ZnO nanowire bridging four Au electrodes.
Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl triflates or halides with ketene trimethylsilyl acetals. A new route to alkyl 2-arylalkanoates (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl triflates or halides with ketene trimethylsilyl acetals. A new route to alkyl 2-arylalkanoatesCarla Carfagna, Alfredo Musco, Gianna Sallese, Roberto Santi, and Tiziana FioraniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 1, 261–263Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00001a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00001a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1015Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Solaris Zones: Operating System Support for Consolidating Commercial Workloads (2004)

Server consolidation, which allows multiple workloads to run on the same system, has become increasingly important as a way to improve the utilization of computing resources and reduce costs. Consolidation is common in mainframe environments, where technology to support running multiple workloads and even multiple operating systems on the same hardware has been evolving since the late 1960’s. This technology is now becoming an important differentiator in the UNIX and Linux server market as well, both at the low end (virtual web hosting) and high end (traditional data center server consolidation). This paper introduces Solaris Zones (zones), a fully realized solution for server consolidation projects in a commercial UNIX operating system. By creating virtualized application execution environments within a single instance of the operating system, the facility strikes a unique balance between competing requirements. On the one hand, a system with multiple workloads needs to run those workloads in isolation, to ensure that applications can neither observe data from other applications nor affect their operation. It must also prevent applications from over-consuming system resources. On the other hand, the system as a whole has to be flexible, manageable, and observable, in order to reduce administrative costs and increase efficiency. By focusing on the support of multiple application environments rather than multiple operating system instances, zones meets isolation requirements without sacrificing manageability.
Shotgun Cross-Linking Analysis for Studying Quaternary and Tertiary Protein Structures (2007)

We developed a new approach that employs a novel computer algorithm for the sensitive and high-throughput analysis of tertiary and quaternary interaction sites from chemically cross-linked proteins or multi-protein complexes. First, we directly analyze the digests of the chemically cross-linked proteins using only high-accuracy LC-MS/MS data. We analyze these data using a computer algorithm, we term X!Link, to find cross-links between two peptides. Our algorithm is rapid, taking only a few seconds to analyze approximately 5000 MS/MS spectra. We applied this algorithm to analyze cross-linked sites generated chemically using the amino specific reagent, BS3, in both cytochrome c and the mitochondrial division dynamin mutant, Dnm1G385D, which exists as a stable homodimer. From cytochrome c, a well-established test protein, we identified a total of 31 cross-links, 21 interpeptide and 10 intrapeptide cross-links, in 257 MS/MS spectra from a single LC-MS/MS data set. The high sensitivity of this technique is indicated by the fact that all 19 lysines in cytochrome c were detected as a cross-link product and 33% of all the Lys pairs within 20 A were also observed as a cross-link. Analysis of the cross-linked dimeric form of Dnm1G385D identified a total of 46 cross-links, 38 interpeptide and 8 intrapeptide cross-links, in 98 MS/MS spectra in a single LC-MS/MS data set. These results represent the most abundant cross-links identified in a single protein or protein dimer to date. Statistical analysis suggests a 1% false discovery rate after optimization of filtering parameters. Further analysis of the cross-links identified using our approach indicates that careful manual inspection is important for the correct assignment of cross-linking sites when multiple cross-linkable sites or several similar sequences exist. In summary, we have developed a sensitive MS-based approach to identify peptide-peptide cross-links that does not require isotopic labeling or comparison with non-cross-linked controls, making it faster and simpler than current methodologies.
Neuropsychiatric side effects of mefloquine in Africans (1993)

Journal Article Neuropsychiatric side effects of mefloquine in Africans Get access A. Sowunmi, A. Sowunmi 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Address for correspondence: Dr A. Sowunmi, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L.A. Salako, L.A. Salako 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A.M.J. Oduola, A.M.J. Oduola 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar O. Walker, O. Walker 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.A. Akindele, J.A. Akindele 2Department of Paediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar O.A.T. Ogundahunsi O.A.T. Ogundahunsi 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 87, Issue 4, July-August 1993, Pages 462–463, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(93)90037-Q Published: 01 July 1993 Article history Received: 03 January 1992 Revision received: 07 September 1992 Accepted: 17 September 1992 Published: 01 July 1993
D+H2(v=1, J=1): Rovibronic state to rovibronic state reaction dynamics (1990)

We have studied the D+H2(v=1, J=1)→HD(v′,J′)+H reaction at ∼1.0 eV center-of-mass collision energy. The H2 is prepared in (v=1, J=1) by stimulated Raman pumping and the HD(v′=1, J′) rotational distribution is measured by (2+1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. Vibrational excitation of the H2 reagent results in substantial rotational excitation of the HD(v′=1) product, the fraction of the available energy appearing as product rotation increasing from gR=0.17 for the D+H2(v=0, J thermal) ‘‘unpumped’’ reaction to gR=0.34 for the D+H2(v=1, J=1) ‘‘pumped’’ reaction. We estimate that the reaction cross section into HD(v′=1) is at least 4 times larger for the pumped than the unpumped reaction.
Overcoming the challenges of immunosenescence in the prevention of acute respiratory illness in older people. (2003)

This article describes the impact of acute respiratory illness (ARI) and the challenges to primary prevention of viral ARI and related morbidity in the age 65 and older population. Immunosenescence, the immune system's "memory loss" with aging, compromises both host defense mechanisms against ARI and effective responses to vaccination. Atypical presentations of illness common in older people often lead to delayed or missed diagnoses of ARI and disabling consequences. Thus, preventing ARI will be more effective than treatment. Even with the limited efficacy of current influenza vaccines in older people, vaccination is a cost-saving intervention especially in high-risk groups including those with chronic heart or lung diseases. Significant opportunities to further reduce the morbidity of ARI include developing more effective influenza vaccines and vaccines against other ARI. Combining vaccination with antiviral or immunoenhancing agents particularly in high-risk groups could optimize the cost benefit of additional preventive strategies.
β- N -acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is part of the histone code (2010)

Dynamic posttranslational modification of serine and threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins by β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a regulator of cellular processes such as transcription, signaling, and protein-protein interactions. Like phosphorylation, O-GlcNAc cycles in response to a wide variety of stimuli. Although cycling of O-GlcNAc is catalyzed by only two highly conserved enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which adds the sugar, and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase), which hydrolyzes it, the targeting of these enzymes is highly specific and is controlled by myriad interacting subunits. Here, we demonstrate by multiple specific immunological and enzymatic approaches that histones, the proteins that package DNA within the nucleus, are O-GlcNAcylated in vivo. Histones also are substrates for OGT in vitro. We identify O-GlcNAc sites on histones H2A, H2B, and H4 using mass spectrometry. Finally, we show that histone O-GlcNAcylation changes during mitosis and with heat shock. Taken together, these data show that O-GlcNAc cycles dynamically on histones and can be considered part of the histone code.
Cellular effects of low power laser therapy can be mediated by nitric oxide (2005)

The NO donors added to the cellular suspension before irradiation eliminate the radiation-induced increase in the number of cells attached to the glass matrix, supposedly by way of binding NO to cytochrome c oxidase. NO added to the suspension after irradiation can also inhibit the light-induced signal downstream. Both effects of NO depend on the concentration of the NO donors added. These results indicate that NO can control the irradiation-activated reactions that increase the attachment of cells.
Comparing anomaly-detection algorithms for keystroke dynamics (2009)

Keystroke dynamics-the analysis of typing rhythms to discriminate among users-has been proposed for detecting impostors (i.e., both insiders and external attackers). Since many anomaly-detection algorithms have been proposed for this task, it is natural to ask which are the top performers (e.g., to identify promising research directions). Unfortunately, we cannot conduct a sound comparison of detectors using the results in the literature because evaluation conditions are inconsistent across studies. Our objective is to collect a keystroke-dynamics data set, to develop a repeatable evaluation procedure, and to measure the performance of a range of detectors so that the results can be compared soundly. We collected data from 51 subjects typing 400 passwords each, and we implemented and evaluated 14 detectors from the keystroke-dynamics and pattern-recognition literature. The three top-performing detectors achieve equal-error rates between 9.6% and 10.2%. The results-along with the shared data and evaluation methodology-constitute a benchmark for comparing detectors and measuring progress.
Loss of Trex1 in Dendritic Cells Is Sufficient To Trigger Systemic Autoimmunity (2016)

Defects of the intracellular enzyme 3' repair exonuclease 1 (Trex1) cause the rare autoimmune condition Aicardi-Goutières syndrome and are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Trex1(-/-) mice develop type I IFN-driven autoimmunity, resulting from activation of the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase by a nucleic acid substrate of Trex1 that remains unknown. To identify cell types responsible for initiation of autoimmunity, we generated conditional Trex1 knockout mice. Loss of Trex1 in dendritic cells was sufficient to cause IFN release and autoimmunity, whereas Trex1-deficient keratinocytes and microglia produced IFN but did not induce inflammation. In contrast, B cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and astrocytes did not show any detectable response to the inactivation of Trex1. Thus, individual cell types differentially respond to the loss of Trex1, and Trex1 expression in dendritic cells is essential to prevent breakdown of self-tolerance ensuing from aberrant detection of endogenous DNA.
Bcl‐2 overexpression in melanoma cells increases tumor progression‐associated properties and in vivo tumor growth (2005)

In this study, we demonstrated that bcl-2 overexpression in human melanoma cells consistently enhanced the activity of multiple metastasis-related proteinases, in vitro cell invasion, and in vivo tumor growth. In particular, by using the M14 parental cell line, the MN8 control clone, and two bcl-2 overexpressing derivatives, we found that bcl-2 overexpressing cells exposed to hypoxia, when compared to parental cells, expressed higher level of several metalloproteases (MMPs) such as MMP-2, MMP-7, MT1-MMP, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases-1 and -2. Moreover, bcl-2 overexpression in melanoma cells enhanced in vitro invasion on matrigel and, in vivo tumor growth. The more aggressive behavior of bcl-2 transfectants tumors is significantly associated to an increase in MMP-2 expression as well as in a more elevated microvessel density as compared to the parental line. Taken together, our data suggest that bcl-2 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of molecules associated with the migratory and invasive phenotype, contributing, in cooperation to hypoxia, to tumor progression.
Somatodendritic microRNAs identified by laser capture and multiplex RT-PCR (2007)

The catalog of RNAs present in dendrites represents the complete repertoire of local translation that contributes to synaptic plasticity. Most views hold that a pool of dendritic mRNAs is selectively transported to a dendritic destination. This view requires that some mRNAs in the dendrite are locally enriched relative to the cell body; however, quantitative comparisons that would support this assumption do not currently exist. These issues related to somatodendritic distribution of mRNAs also apply to the microRNAs, approximately 21 nucleotide noncoding transcripts that bind to target mRNAs and either inhibit their translation or destabilize them. We combined laser capture with multiplex real-time RT (reverse transcription) PCR to quantify microRNAs in the neuritic and somatic compartments separately. The samples were standardized by RT-PCR measurements of a set of mRNAs, including known dendritic mRNAs, in these two compartments. Most neuronal miRNAs were detected in dendrites. With a few notable exceptions, most miRNAs were distributed through the somatodendritic compartment across a nearly constant gradient. Thus for lower-abundance miRNAs, the total neuronal concentration of the miRNA can remain readily detectable in the cell body but vanish from the dendrite. A very small number of miRNAs deviate from the distribution gradient across the miRNA population as relatively enriched or depleted in the dendrite.
Two forms of the basic fibroblast growth factor receptor-like mRNA are expressed in the developing mouse brain. (1990)

The embryonic neuroepithelium gives rise to the components of the central nervous system in the mature animal. To study the early development of the murine central nervous system we have sought to isolate growth factor receptors from the neuroepithelium of the neural tube of 10-day-old mouse embryos. Because many growth factor receptors are members of the protein-tyrosine kinase family, we have used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify mRNA sequences from 10-day-old mouse embryo neuroepithelium; these sequences lie between the nucleotide sequences of two highly conserved amino acid motifs from the catalytic domain of protein-tyrosine kinases. By using this technique we have isolated a clone encoding the murine basic fibroblast growth factor receptor (bFGF-R), as well as a shorter form of this mRNA. This latter cDNA comprised 75% of the bFGF-R cDNA clones isolated from the immortalized neuroepithelial cell lines. This variant mRNA, designated here as N-bFGF-R, appears to be expressed at higher levels in neuronal cells in early stages of development. The bFGF-R is a member of a multigene family, as demonstrated by Southern blot analysis and the cloning of two other members of this family.
Engineering a bioluminescent indicator for cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (1991)

cDNA coding for the luciferase in the firefly Photinus pyralis was amplified in vitro to generate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites. The DNA was transcribed and translated to generate light-emitting protein. A valine at position 217 was mutated to arginine to generate a site RRFS and the heptapeptide kemptide, the phosphorylation site of the porcine pyruvate kinase, was added at the N- or C-terminus of the luciferase. The proteins carrying phosphorylation sites were characterized for their specific activity, pI, effect of pH on the colour of the light emitted and effect of the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A in the presence of ATP. Only one of the recombinant proteins (RRFS) was significantly different from wild-type luciferase. The RRFS mutant had a lower specific activity, lower pH optimum, emitted greener light at low pH and when phosphorylated it decreased its activity by up to 80%. This latter effect was reversed by phosphatase. This recombinant protein is a good candidate to measure for the first time cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation in live cells.
Representative Surface Profile Power Spectra from Capsules Used in Nova and Omega Implosion Experiments (1999)

Typical surface profile power spectra of capsules used in Nova and Omega implosion experiments are presented. All Nova capsules are essentially identical in size and composition; their differences reflect small shell-to-shell variations. Differences among the Omega capsule power spectra can be attributed to changes in material properties with doping and (very importantly) differences in processing experience. These capsule power spectra accurately reflect past and current production, but are only a starting point for future capabilities.
A Laser Ablation Method for the Synthesis of Crystalline Semiconductor Nanowires (1998)

A method combining laser ablation cluster formation and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth was developed for the synthesis of semiconductor nanowires. In this process, laser ablation was used to prepare nanometer-diameter catalyst clusters that define the size of wires produced by VLS growth. This approach was used to prepare bulk quantities of uniform single-crystal silicon and germanium nanowires with diameters of 6 to 20 and 3 to 9 nanometers, respectively, and lengths ranging from 1 to 30 micrometers. Studies carried out with different conditions and catalyst materials confirmed the central details of the growth mechanism and suggest that well-established phase diagrams can be used to predict rationally catalyst materials and growth conditions for the preparation of nanowires.
Blocking the Protease-Activated Receptor 1-4 Heterodimer in Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis (2006)

We show that PAR1 and PAR4 form a stable heterodimer that enables thrombin to act as a bivalent functional agonist. These studies suggest that targeting the PAR1-PAR4 complex may present a novel therapeutic opportunity to prevent arterial thrombosis.
Tunable water-based lubrication behavior of alkyl- and fluoroalkyl-silanes (2012)

In this paper, we report the tribological properties of self-assembled molecular (SAM) films of fluoroalkylsilanes and non-fluoroalkylsilanes, with different chain-lengths, adsorbed on Si substrate surfaces by covalent bonds. The SAM films were characterized using a universal ball-disk experimental tester in aqueous solutions. The substrate surface was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the SAM films adsorbed on the Si surfaces were inspected by contact angle measurements and XPS. Lubrication studies revealed that several kinds of fluoroalkylsilanes had similar friction coefficients; the small differences were attributed to the chain flexibility. In contrast, differences in the aqueous lubrication properties of SAM films of non-fluoroalkylsilanes were clearly identified. It is suggested that substitution with fluorine atoms and the surface affinities of fluoroalkylsilanes contributed to redistribution of surface changes, causing variations in lubrication behaviors.