gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Synthesis of a New 8-Hydroxyquinoline-Derived α-Amino Acid and Its Incorporation in a Peptidylsensor for Divalent Zinc (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAsymmetric Synthesis of a New 8-Hydroxyquinoline-Derived α-Amino Acid and Its Incorporation in a Peptidylsensor for Divalent ZincNathalie Jotterand, Dierdre A. Pearce, and Barbara ImperialiView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 9, 3224–3228Publication Date (Web):March 29, 2001Publication History Received30 November 2000Published online29 March 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo001681jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo001681jbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1307Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Fibers,Fluorescence,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products,Sensors Get e-Alerts
Moving digital libraries into the student learning space (2006)

The GetSmart system was built to support theoretically sound learning processes in a digital library environment by integrating course management, digital library, and concept mapping components to support a constructivist, six-step, information search process. In the fall of 2002 more than 100 students created 1400 concept maps as part of selected computing classes offered at the University of Arizona and Virginia Tech. Those students conducted searches, obtained course information, created concept maps, collaborated in acquiring knowledge, and presented their knowledge representations. This article connects the design elements of the GetSmart system to targeted concept-map-based learning processes, describes our system and research testbed, and analyzes our system usage logs. Results suggest that students did in fact use the tools in an integrated fashion, combining knowledge representation and search activities. After concept mapping was included in the curriculum, we observed improvement in students' online quiz scores. Further, we observed that students in groups collaboratively constructed concept maps with multiple group members viewing and updating map details.
Megakaryocyte proliferation and ploidy regulated by the cytoplasmic tail of glycoprotein Ibα (2004)

We have investigated the ability of glycoprotein (GP) Ibalpha, a megakaryocytic gene product, to sequester the signal transduction protein 14-3-3xi and to influence megakaryocytopoiesis. Using a Gp1ba(-/-) mouse colony, we compared the rescued phenotypes produced by a wild-type human GP Ibalpha allele or a similar allele containing a 6-residue cytoplasmic tail truncation that abrogates binding to 14-3-3xi. The observed phenotypes illustrate an involvement for GP Ibalpha in thrombopoietin-mediated events of megakaryocyte proliferation, polyploidization, and the expression of apoptotic markers in maturing megakaryocytes. We developed a hypothesis for the involvement of a GP Ibalpha/14-3-3xi/PI-3 kinase complex in regulating thrombopoietin-mediated responses. An observed increase in thrombopoietin-mediated Akt phosphorylation in the truncated variant supported the hypothesis and led to the development of a model in which the GP Ibalpha cytoplasmic tail sequestered signaling proteins during megakaryocytopoiesis and, as such, became a critical regulator in the temporal sequence of events that led to normal megakaryocyte maturation.
Essential Role of CD8 Palmitoylation in CD8 Coreceptor Function (2000)

To investigate the molecular basis that makes heterodimeric CD8alphabeta a more efficient coreceptor than homodimeric CD8alphaalpha, we used various CD8 transfectants of T1.4 T cell hybridomas, which are specific for H-2Kd, and a photoreactive derivative of the Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite peptide PbCS 252-260 (SYIPSAEKI). We demonstrate that CD8 is palmitoylated at the cytoplasmic tail of CD8beta and that this allows partitioning of CD8alphabeta, but not of CD8alphaalpha, in lipid rafts. Localization of CD8 in rafts is crucial for its coreceptor function. First, association of CD8 with the src kinase p56lck takes place nearly exclusively in rafts, mainly due to increased concentration of both components in this compartment. Deletion of the cytoplasmic domain of CD8beta abrogated localization of CD8 in rafts and association with p56lck. Second, CD8-mediated cross-linking of p56lck by multimeric Kd-peptide complexes or by anti-CD8 Ab results in p56lck activation in rafts, from which the abundant phosphatase CD45 is excluded. Third, CD8-associated activated p56lck phosphorylates CD3zeta in rafts and hence induces TCR signaling and T cell activation. This study shows that palmitoylation of CD8beta is required for efficient CD8 coreceptor function, mainly because it dramatically increases CD8 association with p56lck and CD8-mediated activation of p56lck in lipid rafts.
Parity-scan design to reduce the cost of test application (1993)

Points out that scan design approach is representative of those techniques that can reduce the cost of test generation for sequential circuits. However, the length of a test sequence for the scan design approach can grow quite large due to the scan operation shifting the values into the scan chain, which makes the cost of test application large. A design-for-testability approach called parity-scan design which can reduce the cost of test application as well as the cost of test generation for sequential circuits is discussed. The parity-scan design approach is a combination of scan technique and parity testing. Two types of parity-scan designs, preparity and postparity scan design, are presented. Experiments on ISCAS89 circuits show that as high as 91.2% (91.1%) test length reduction and 32.4% (27.0%) average reduction can be obtained for preparity (postparity) scan design under the single scan chain approach. More reduction can be achieved by applying a multiple scan chain technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Maximizing Singlet Fission in Organic Dimers: Theoretical Investigation of Triplet Yield in the Regime of Localized Excitation and Fast Coherent Electron Transfer (2010)

In traditional solar cells one photon absorbed can lead to at most one electron of current. Singlet fission, a process in which one singlet exciton is converted to two triplet excitons, provides a potential improvement by producing two electrons from each photon of sufficient energy. The literature contains several reports of singlet fission in various systems, but the mechanism of this process is poorly understood. In this paper we examine a two-step mechanism with a charge transfer state intermediate, applicable when the initial excited state is localized. Density matrix theory is used to examine how various molecular properties such as orbital energies and electronic couplings affect singlet fission yield in the regime of fast, coherent electron transfer. Several promising chromophores are discussed and density functional theory is used to predict fission yield for each in the context of this mechanism. Finally, implications for chromophore design are discussed, and future experiments are suggested.
Phospholipid-Cytochrome c Interaction (2002)

Binding of cytochrome c (cyt c) to fatty acids and acidic phospholipid membranes produces pronounced and essentially identical changes in the spectral properties of cyt c, revealing conformational changes in the protein. The exact mechanism of the interaction of fatty acids and acidic phospholipids with cyt c is unknown. Binding of cyt c to liposomes with high contents (mole fraction X > 0.7) of acidic phospholipids caused spectral changes identical to those due to binding of oleic acid. Fluorescence spectroscopy of a cyt c analog containing a Zn(2+) substituted heme moiety and brominated lipid derivatives (9,10)-dibromostearate and 1-palmitoyl-2-(9,10)-dibromo-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-glycerol demonstrated a direct contact between the fluorescent [Zn(2+)-heme] group and the brominated acyl chain. These data constitute direct evidence for interaction between an acyl chain of a membrane phospholipid and the inside of the protein containing the heme moiety and provide direct evidence for the so-called extended-lipid anchorage of cyt c to phospholipid membranes. In this mechanism, one of the phospholipid acyl chains protrudes out of the membrane and intercalates into a hydrophobic channel in cyt c while the other chain remains in the bilayer.
Four-in-One Antibodies Have Superior Cancer Inhibitory Activity against EGFR, HER2, HER3, and VEGF through Disruption of HER/MET Crosstalk (2014)

The anti-HER receptor antibodies cetuximab, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab are used widely in clinic to treat metastatic cancer. However, activation of the extensive crosstalk among the HER receptors as well as other RTKs, particularly HER-MET crosstalk, has emerged as a likely source of drug resistance. In this study, we developed two new types of tetra-specific antibodies that recognize EGFR, HER2, HER3, and VEGF. These tetra-specific antibodies, termed FL518 (four-in-one antibody) and CRTB6 (tetra-specific, tetravalent antibody), not only inhibited signaling mediated by these receptors in vitro and in vivo but unexpectedly also disrupted HER-MET crosstalk. When compared with two-in-one antibodies and a series of bispecific antibodies in multiple tumor models, FL518 and CRTB6 were more broadly efficacious. We further showed that tetra-specific antibodies were far more effective than bispecific antibodies in inhibiting the growth of anti-HER-resistant cancer cells, which exhibited elevated levels of MET activation both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our results establish a new principle to achieve combined HER inhibition and limit drug resistance using a single antibody.
DELAYED FLAKING FROM SCRACHES IN GLASS (1968)

By microscopic photographs, the delayed action ejection of small sharp-edged fragments from scratches in glass were studied. These fragments are ejected with sufficient velocity to travel to the eyes of spectacle wearers. This hazard is absent for plastic lenses. The hazard, while clearly present, is of a relatively minor nature and should not be interpreted as justification for the non-use of glass safety spectacles.
Intracellular Spatial Control of Fluorescent Magnetic Nanoparticles (2008)

We report a facile intracellular manipulation of fluorescent magnetic Fe3O4-CdSe nanoparticles using magnetic force. The growth of CdSe quantum dots on Fe3O4 nanoparticles produces Fe3O4-CdSe nanoparticles with two distinct properties, fluorescence and superparamagnetism. After nonspecific surface modification using glutathione (GSH), the hydrophilic Fe3O4-CdSe@GSH nanoparticles can be easily uptaken by an HEK293T cell line. Confocal images indicate that the uptaken nanoparticles can be manipulated using a small magnet. The successful intracellular manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles may offer a new strategy for studying polarized cells.
Capillary blood sampling: How much pain is necessary?. Part 1: Comparison of existing finger stick devices (1995)

Abstract Six commercially available automatic lancing devices were examined with regard to puncture pain and capillary blood volume. They differed significantly in puncture pain: devices with greater penetration depth, thicker lancets and inexact lancet guidance got higher pain scores. Blood volumes obtained were generally too large.
Selective expression of IL-7 receptor on memory T cells identifies early CD40L-dependent generation of distinct CD8 + memory T cell subsets (2004)

Several recent studies have demonstrated that T-helper cell-dependent events during the initial priming period are required for the generation of CD8(+) T cell-mediated protective immunity. The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon have not yet been determined, mostly because of difficulties in studying memory T cells or their precursor populations at early stages during immune responses. We identified IL-7 receptor (CD127) surface expression as a marker for long-living memory T cells, most importantly allowing the distinction between memory and effector T cells early after in vivo priming. The combination of surface staining for CD127 and CD62L further separates between two functionally distinct memory cell subsets, which are similar (if not identical) to cell subsets recently described as central memory T cells (CD127(high) and CD62L(high)) and peripheral effector memory T cells (CD127(high) and CD62L(low)). Using this new tool of memory T cell analysis, we demonstrate that CD8(+) T cell priming in the absence of T cell help or CD40L specifically alters the generation of the effector memory T cell subset, which appears to be crucial for immediate memory responses and long-term maintenance of effective protective immunity. Our data reveal a unique strategy to obtain information about the quality of long-term protective immunity early during an immune response, a finding that may be applied in a variety of clinical settings, including the rapid monitoring of vaccination success.
Low Muscularity and Myosteatosis Is Related to the Host Systemic Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Colorectal Cancer (2015)

These results highlight a direct association between myopenia, myosteatosis, and the host SIR in patients with operable CRC. A better understanding of factors that regulate muscle changes such as myopenia and myosteatosis may lead to the development of novel therapies that influence a more metabolically "healthy" skeletal muscle and potentially alter cancer outcomes.
Automatic speaker recognition by computers (1976)

Summary form only given, as follows. This paper describes a new modular speaker recognition system consisting of a set of real-time speech analysis processors and a pattern recognition software package. Within a government sponsored research project, combinations of different speech analysis procedures and different pattern recognition algorithms are compared in order to find optimal subsystems, to be applied to security systems or law enforcement, for given boundary conditions. In order to find the influence of different techniques, distance measures, quantisation band distortions on the recognition rate of given data base (2,500 utterances), a study has been carried out, results of which are being discussed.
Is there a correlation between spreading depression, neurogenic inflammation, and nociception that might cause migraine headache? (2001)

The time course of propagation of scotoma and blood flow changes during migraine aura parallels the phenomenon of cortical spreading depression (CSD). It was proposed that CSD generates a sterile neurogenic inflammation in the meninges, which may then lead to the activation or sensitization of nociceptors, thus generating headache. We performed rat experiments in which the effect of CSD on plasma extravasation in the dura mater and on neuronal activity in deep laminae of the trigeminal nucleus was assessed in vivo. CSD did not alter dural plasma extravasation measured by means of bovine serum albumin-coupled flourescein (n = 17 rats) compared to the CSD-free contralateral side. In an in vitro model, the application of KCl to the dura at concentrations extracellularly found during CSD did not alter the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide and prostaglandin E2 from the dura. In 33 rats, neither single CSDs nor a series of CSDs altered ongoing neuronal activity or mechanical and/or thermal sensitivity of the deeply located neurons to stimulation of their receptive fields in the dura mater. These results are at variance with data that showed increased c-Fos labeling in superficial laminae of the trigeminal nucleus following CSD. They do not suggest that CSD initiates migraine headache via neurogenic inflammation.
Novel function of complement C3d as an autologous helper T‐cell target (2008)

The C3d fragment of complement component C3 has been shown to enhance immune responses to antigens that lack T-cell epitopes such as bacterial polysaccharides. C3d binds to the B-cell complement receptor 2 (CR2 or CD21); this binding serves as a co-activation signal to the B cell when the polysaccharide antigen portion binds simultaneously to the B-cell receptor (surface Ig). Bringing together receptor-associated signal transduction molecules CD19 and Igalpha/beta, respectively, results in a lower threshold of activation. Paradoxically, C3d has also been shown to enhance antibody titers in the CD21 knockout (KO) mouse model as well as increase Th1 and Th2 cytokine secretion, suggesting that that an auxiliary CR2-independent pathway of immune activation may exist. We hypothesized that in addition to its molecular adjuvant property that enhances signal 1 during B-cell activation (co-signal 1), C3d also contains T-cell epitopes that are able to stimulate autoreactive C3d peptide-specific helper T cells which we term 'co-signal 2'. Using the EpiMatrix T-cell epitope-mapping algorithm, we identified 11 putative T-cell epitopes in C3d, a very high epitope density for a 302 amino-acid sequence. Eight of these epitope candidates were synthesized and shown to bind a variety of class II HLA-DR molecules of different haplotypes, and to stimulate C3d peptide-specific T cells to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Further, we demonstrate a C3d-peptide specific increase in CD4(+) intracellular IFN-gamma(+) T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to C3d peptides in vitro. We believe that the discovery of these autologous T cells autoreactive for C3d provides evidence supporting the 'co-signal 2' hypothesis and may offer a novel explanation of the CD21 KO paradox.
A transient signal detection technique based on flatness measure (2011)

In perceptual audio coding, it is necessary to deal with the transient signals in a frame. A reasonable transient detection is a premise of the treatment. According to the characteristics of transient signals in time domain and frequency domain, a time-frequency transient detection method which uses flatness measure is proposed in this paper. Comparing with existing transient detection methods, transient signal detection technique based on flatness measure not only has advantages to reduce missed and misused detection, but also hardly produce redundant detection in low-energy transient segment. Simultaneously, the complexity of the algorithm adaptively changes with the apparent extent of the transient signal. Simulation results show that this method is high in detection accurancy and simple in algorithm realization.
Comparative evaluation of intranasal and subcutaneous route of immunization for development of mucosal vaccine against experimental tuberculosis (2005)

Activation of mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is crucial for protection against respiratory infections. Whether the intranasal route of vaccination imparts better protection against pulmonary tuberculosis than that of subcutaneous vaccination remains a debatable issue. In this study, we have investigated the effect of the routes of immunization on the induction of immunoprotection against experimental tuberculosis employing mycobacterial culture filtrate proteins complexed with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide. Vaccination via intranasal and subcutaneous routes triggered immune activation in the spleen and cervical lymph node, while the former route of vaccination lead to higher antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation, interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 and interleukin-4 responses in cervical lymph node and induction of antigen-specific IgA responses at mucosal level of the respiratory tract. Mice vaccinated via the intranasal route were found to be better protected against experimental tuberculosis particularly in lung compared to subcutaneous-immunized mice. These results emphasize the importance of the intranasal route vaccination in tuberculosis.
Carcinogenic activities of various steroidal and nonsteroidal estrogens in the hamster kidney: relation to hormonal activity and cell proliferation. (1995)

The therapeutic use of estrogens has been associated with an increased risk of some of the most predominant, as well as less prevalent, cancers in women. The estrogen-induced renal tumor is one of the primary animal models to evaluate the carcinogenic properties of estrogens. Correlations were made with various estrogens by using parameters of estrogenicity end points such as competitive binding, progesterone receptor induction, and alterations in prolactin levels; in vitro renal proximal cell proliferation; and in vivo estrogen-induced carcinogenicity. The most potent estrogens were Moxestrol (MOX), diethylstilbestrol (DES), and 17 beta-estradiol, followed by indenestrol B, 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone, and 11 beta-methoxyestradiol with moderate estrogenic activities, whereas 11 beta-methylestradiol, 17 alpha-estradiol, indanestrol, and deoxoestrone were all relatively weaker. As expected, hydrolyzed Premarin (unconjugated estrogens) was strongly estrogenic. Of the estrogens tested, MOX was the most potent carcinogenic estrogen in the hamster kidney. Both 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone and 11 beta-methoxyestradiol induced intermediate tumor incidences with distinctly lower frequencies of renal tumor foci compared to the most potent carcinogenic estrogens. However, hamsters treated for 9.0 months with 11 beta-methylestradiol, 17 alpha-estradiol, deoxoestrone, and indanestrol exhibited no tumors. In contrast, treatment with estrone, equilin plus d-equilenin, and hydrolyzed Premarin for the same time period resulted in 100% renal tumor incidences and numerous tumor foci. Cell proliferation studies of cultured hamster kidney proximal tubule cells were carried out at varying estrogen concentrations (0.01-100 nM). Exposure to MOX resulted in consistently high renal cell proliferative response over a concentration range of 0.1-10 nM. Strongly carcinogenic estrogens such as estrone had a maximal renal cell proliferation response (2.4-fold above untreated control levels) between 0.1 and 10 nM, DES and 17 beta-estradiol responded at 1.0 nM, and 4-hydroxyestradiol responded at 10 nM. Interestingly, exposure to ethinylestradiol, a potent estrogen, at similar or higher doses as those used for DES and 17 beta-estradiol, yielded only a 10% renal tumor incidence and induced only a 1.7-fold increase in proximal tubule cell proliferation. In contrast, 17 alpha-estradiol, deoxoestrone, indanestrol, and 11 beta-methylestradiol, all weakly estrogenic and noncarcinogenic agents, had relatively little effect on tubule cell proliferation. The hydrolyzed Premarin exhibited a maximal 2.0-fold cell proliferative response at 10 nM. The present results provide clear evidence that, in the hamster kidney, the degree of carcinogenicity of a given estrogen correlates with its ability to induce proximal tubule cell proliferation in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)