gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binary phase masking for optical interrogation of matters in turbid media (2008)

For optically interrogating substances overlaid by turbid media, a method of wavefront manipulation by means of binary phase masking is proposed. Through altering the degree of mode matching between the fields reaching the collection optics and the field distribution of the propagation mode of single-mode waveguides, the proposed method can be used to suppress the collection of short-range light originated near the collection optics while permitting unimpeded collection of light originated from sites substantially behind turbid media. General description of the principles is accompanied by a numerical modeling. A group of binary phase masks, mutually orthogonal, are introduced for practical applications.
Multiprocessor scheduling of processes with release times, deadlines, precedence, and exclusion relations (1993)

The author presents a scheduling algorithm that solves the problem of finding a feasible nonpreemptive schedule whenever one exists on M identical processors for a given set of processes such that each process starts executing after its release time and completes its computation before its deadline. A given set of precedence relations and a given set of exclusion relations defined on ordered pairs of process segments are satisfied. This algorithm can be applied to the important problem of automated pre-run-time scheduling of processes with arbitrary precedence and exclusion relations on multiprocessors in hard-real-time systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Purification of the β-cell glucose-sensitive factor that transactivates the insulin gene differentially in normal and transformed islet cells (1996)

The beta cell-specific glucose-sensitive factor (GSF), which binds the A3 motif of the rat I and human insulin promoters, is modulated by extracellular glucose. A single mutation in the GSF binding site of the human insulin promoter abolishes the stimulation by high glucose only in normal islets, supporting the suggested physiological role of GSF in the glucose-regulated expression of the insulin gene. GSF binding activity was observed in all insulin-producing cells. We have therefore purified this activity from the rat insulinoma RIN and found that a single polypeptide of 45 kDa was responsible for DNA binding. Its amino acid sequence, determined by microsequencing, provided direct evidence that GSF corresponds to insulin promoter factor 1 (IPF-1; also known as PDX-1) and that, in addition to its essential roles in development and differentiation of pancreatic islets and in beta cell-specific gene expression, it functions as mediator of the glucose effect on insulin gene transcription in differentiated beta cells. The human cDNA coding for GSF/IPF-1 has been cloned, its cell and tissue distribution is described. Its expression in the glucagon-producing cell line alpha TC1 transactivates the wild-type human insulin promoter more efficiently than the mutated construct. It is demonstrated that high levels of ectopic GSF/IPF-1 inhibit the expression of the human insulin gene in normal islets, but not in transformed beta TC1 cells. These results suggest the existence of a control mechanism, such as requirement for a coactivator of GSF/IPF-1, which may be present in limiting amounts in normal as opposed to transformed beta cells.
Books received (1999)

Books received Get access Various Various Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Applied Linguistics, Volume 20, Issue 1, March 1999, Pages 148–150, https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/20.1.148 Published: 01 March 1999
A general algorithm for robot formations using local sensing and minimal communication (2002)

We study the problem of achieving global behavior in a group of distributed robots using only local sensing and minimal communication, in the context of formations. The goal is to have N mobile robots establish and maintain some predetermined geometric shape. We report results from extensive simulation experiments, and 40+ experiments with four physical robots, showing the viability of our approach. The key idea is that each robot keeps a single friend at a desired angle /spl theta/, using some appropriate sensor. By panning the sensor by /spl theta/ degrees, the goal for all formations becomes simply to center the friend in the sensor's field of view. We also present a general analytical measure for evaluating formations and apply it to the position data from both simulation and physical robot experiments. We used two lasers to track the physical robots to obtain ground truth validation data.
Antiangiogenic effects of camptothecin analogues 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin, topotecan, and CPT-11 studied in the mouse cornea model. (1999)

Angiogenesis has been correlated with increased invasion and metastases in a variety of human neoplasms. Inadequate inhibition of the growth of tumor microvessels by anticancer agents may result in treatment failure, rated clinically as progressive or stable disease. We have investigated the antiangiogenic properties of three camptothecin analogues, 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin, topotecan, and camptosar (CPT-11), currently under investigation in clinical settings. Angiogenesis was induced by basic fibroblast growth factor in the cornea of inbred Swiss-Webster mice, with the aim of exploring the suppression of neovascularization by the analogues injected into the mice daily over a period of 6 days. The dose range chosen is known to inhibit, in the mouse model, the growth of various human tumor xenografts or murine tumors. The statistical analysis evaluated the association between the area of neoangiogenesis and the dose of the drugs tested and correlated the effects with observed drug toxicity. It was established that, as the drug doses increased, the area of neovascularization decreased, appearing to approximate a negative exponential curve. 9-Amino-20(S)-camptothecin at 6.89 and 8.26 micromol/kg (2.5 and 3.0 mg/kg) and topotecan at 8.31 micromol/kg (3.5 mg/kg), both drugs being delivered over a 6-day period, had statistically significant reduction (47.2-72.5%) of neoangiogenesis and acceptable toxicity. At higher doses of the two analogues, toxic body-weight losses and deaths were observed. CPT-11 showed statistically significant reduction of neoangiogenesis at a dose of 359 micromol/kg (210 mg/kg) delivered over a 6-day course. Unlike camptothecin analogues, the nontoxic dose of vincristine did not induce a statistically significant inhibition of angiogenesis, and there was no dose-dependent escalation of antiangiogenic effects. The results indicate that camptothecins are most likely cytotoxic against two tumor compartments: in addition to tumor cells of epithelial origin, the drugs act against endothelial cells and prevent the growth of the tumor microvessels. We have hypothesized that treatment failure in some patients is due to incomplete or inadequate inhibition of the microvessel growth by camptothecins. Presumably, an intensive inhibition of the remaining tumor microvasculature in such patients could be achieved by combining a camptothecin with another antiangiogenic anticancer agent or with a highly selective angiogenic inhibitor exerting minimal dose-limiting toxicity. Such treatment by a camptothecin plus a less toxic inhibitor of angiogenesis can improve antitumor efficacy. To validate this concept, preclinical studies followed by clinical trials are planned.
pH‐induced structural changes in human serum apotransferrin pKa values of histidine residues and N‐terminal amino group determined by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy (1994)

The binding of apotransferrin (80 kDa) to the transferrin receptor is known to be highly pH-dependent. We have investigated pH-induced structural changes in human serum apotransferrin over the pH* (meter reading in D2O solutions) range 2.5-11 using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The pKa values of 14 (possibly 15) of the 19 His residues in the protein have been determined as well as that of the terminal amino group (Val1, 7.75). About eight His residues deprotonate when the pH* is raised from the endosomal value of about 5.5 to the blood plasma value (7.4). Four His residues have pKa < 6. Sharp discontinuities in the His titration curves were observed below pH 4.3 and at pH 3.5 molten globule states were detected.
The K-Amp Circuit (1992)

No AccessAmerican Journal of AudiologyEdge Report1 Mar 1992The K-Amp Circuit David A. Preves David A. Preves Argosy Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889.0102.15 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "The K-Amp Circuit." American Journal of Audiology, 1(2), pp. 15–16 References American National Standards Institute. (199x). Draft American National Standard Testing hearing aids with a broad-band noise signal, Acoustical Society of America. (ANSI S3.42–199x). New York: ANSI. Google Scholar Etymotic Research. (1990). [Audiograms of successful K-Amp fittings.] Unpublished data. Google Scholar Killion, M. (1979). Design and evaluation of high-fidelity hearing aids. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Google Scholar Killion, M. (1990, August). A high fidelity hearing aid.Hearing Instruments, 41(8), 38–39. Google Scholar Killion, M. (1991, January). High fidelity and hearing aids.Audio, 42–44. Google Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 1Issue 2March 1992Pages: 15-16 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Mar 1, 1992 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsasha-article-typesleader-topicsCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1992 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF downloadLoading ...
A Wideband Frequency-Shift Keying Wireless Link for Inductively Powered Biomedical Implants (2004)

A high data-rate frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation protocol, a wideband inductive link, and three demodulator circuits have been developed with a data-rate-to-carrier-frequency ratio of up to 67%. The primary application of this novel FSK modulation/demodulation technique is to send data to inductively powered wireless biomedical implants at data rates in excess of 1 Mbps, using comparable carrier frequencies. This method can also be used in other applications such as radio-frequency identification tags and contactless smartcards by adding a back telemetry link. The inductive link utilizes a series-parallel inductive-capacitance tank combination on the transmitter side to provide more than 5 MHz of bandwidth. The demodulator circuits detect data bits by directly measuring the duration of each received FSK carrier cycle, as well as derive a constant frequency clock, which is used to sample the data bits. One of the demodulator circuits, digital FSK, occupies 0.29 mm/sup 2/ in the AMI 1.5-/spl mu/m, 2M/2P, standard CMOS process, and consumes 0.38 mW at 5 V. This circuit is simulated up to 4 Mbps, and experimentally tested up to 2.5 Mbps with a bit error rate of 10/sup -5/, while receiving a 5/10-MHz FSK carrier signal. It is also used in a wireless implantable neural microstimulation system.
Activation of the erythropoietin receptor promoter by transcription factor GATA-1. (1991)

Erythropoietin, a glycoprotein produced by the kidneys in response to anemia and hypoxia, is a major growth factor for cells of the erythroid lineage. Erythropoietin interacts with high-affinity cell surface receptors (EpoR) present on developing progenitors and is required for their survival. Previously we characterized the gene for EpoR and demonstrated that its promoter acts in a cell-specific manner. Here we show that the hematopoietic-specific transcription factor GATA-1 is necessary, and indeed is sufficient as the sole cell-restricted regulator, for activation of the EpoR promoter in fibroblast transfection assays. Hence, GATA-1, which participates in transcriptional control of the majority of erythroid-expressed genes, also acts on the promoter of an essential lineage-restricted receptor (EpoR). This central contribution of GATA-1 to EpoR promoter function provides a mechanism whereby a cell-restricted regulator may ensure the viability and subsequent maturation of progenitor cells during hematopoietic differentiation.
Antibody-based magnetic nanoparticle immunoassay for quantification of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenic factor (2013)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to a decline in cognitive and intellectual abilities and an irreversible mental deterioration. Based on multidisciplinary AD research, the most universally accepted hypotheses on AD pathogenesis are the intracerebral aggregate formation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. According to medical paradigmatic transition from medical treatment to early diagnostic prevention, scientists have considered physiological body fluid as a biomarker medium, in which the promising AD biomarkers could be verified. Recently, use of saliva has been considered as one of the diagnostic fluids over the past decade with meaningful diagnostic potential. We utilized saliva as a biomarker medium to correlate the salivary Aβ levels to AD pathological aspects, especially to the mild cognitive impairment group among AD patients, and to verify our detecting system to be sensitive enough for an early diagnostic tool. The identification of the salivary AD biomarkers using a facile microarraying method would motivate this study with the assistance of magnetically assembled antibody-conjugated nanoparticles and a photomultiplier tube as an optical detector. This simple magnetoimmunoassay system measures the photointensity generated by fluorescence, enables the quantification of the Aβ peptides from AD salivary samples, and consequently classifies the salivary Aβ levels into AD pathological aspects. This method demonstrates a facile approach enabling it to simply detect salivary Aβ peptides at a concentration as low as ~20 pg/ml. It is expected that our simple magnetoimmunoassay system may have a potential as a detector for low-level Aβ peptides with weak-fluorescence emission.
TGFβ signaling plays a critical role in promoting alternative macrophage activation (2012)

Our results establish a novel biological role for TGFβ signaling in controlling expression of genes characteristic for alternatively activated macrophages. We speculate that lack of TβRII signaling reduces the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype of macrophages because of reduced expression of these products. This would cause defects in the ability of the M2 macrophages to negatively regulate other immune cells such as T-cells in the lung, possibly explaining the systemic inflammation observed in Vav1-Cre x TβRIIfx/fx mice.
Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma (2013)

Concurrent therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab had a manageable safety profile and provided clinical activity that appears to be distinct from that in published data on monotherapy, with rapid and deep tumor regression in a substantial proportion of patients. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Ono Pharmaceutical; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01024231.).
A New Method to Detect Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-Specific Antibody in Human Sera (1977)

A plaque reduction method for measuring lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-sensitizing antibody in human serum is described. One volume of virus and one volume of serially diluted human serum were mixed and incubated for 2 h at 37 degrees C. One volume of suitably diluted anti-human immune globulin antiserum was added and incubation continued for 0-5 h. Residual infectivity was then determined by means of a plaque assay employing L cell monolayer cultures and a methyl cellulose containing overlay medium. Of 75 sera from as many persons, 20 were positive with titres ranging from 640 to 10240. All positive sera were from verified cases or from persons who had had occupational contact with the virus. Close correlation of results was found between this method and a neutralization test employing mice, the one exception indicating that the in vitro assay for sensitizing antibody is more sensitive than the mouse assay for neutralizing antibody.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Fecal Calprotectin Assay in Distinguishing Organic Causes of Chronic Diarrhea from Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Prospective Study in Adults and Children (2003)

FC assay is an accurate marker of IBD in both children and adult patients. In adults, false negatives occur (e.g., in celiac disease) and false-positive results are seen in cirrhosis or users of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Diagnostic accuracy is higher in children.
Gene expression profiling studies of aging in cardiac and skeletal muscles (2005)

To examine transcriptional alterations associated with aging in skeletal muscle and the heart, we and others have used DNA microarrays to compare the gene expression profile of young and old animals. Aging results in a differential gene expression pattern specific to each tissue, and most alterations can be completely or partially prevented by caloric restriction (CR) in both heart and skeletal muscle. Transcriptional patterns of tissues from calorie-restricted animals suggests that CR retards the aging process by reducing endogenous damage and by inducing metabolic shifts associated with specific transcriptional profiles. These studies demonstrate that DNA microarrays can be used in cardiovascular aging research to generate panels of hundreds of transcriptional biomarkers, providing a new tool to measure biological age of cardiac and skeletal muscles and to test interventions designed to retard aging in these tissues.
Inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Formation by Rabbit Polyclonal Antibodies against the SesC Protein (2009)

Several well-studied proteins with defined roles in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation are LPXTG motif-containing proteins. Here, we investigate the possible use of the LPXTG motif-containing protein SesC (S. epidermidis surface protein C; accession no. NP_765787) as a target for antibodies to prevent biofilm formation. In vitro and in a in vivo rat model of catheter infection, gene and protein expression analysis showed that SesC is expressed more strongly in biofilm-associated cells than in planktonic cells and is expressed particularly during the late phase of in vivo biofilm formation. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies raised against SesC reduced the fibrinogen-binding ability of S. epidermidis RP62A and Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 transformants expressing SesC, inhibited in vitro biofilm formation by S. epidermidis strains 10b and 1457, and significantly reduced the numbers of bacteria in a 1-day-old in vivo biofilm (P < 0.001, one-way analysis of variance). Our findings revealed that SesC is a promising target for prevention and treatment of S. epidermidis biofilms because it affects both the primary attachment and biofilm accumulation phases. The precise role of SesC in biofilm formation remains to be identified.
SMALL CATALYTIC RNAs (1992)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Front-End Factor Analysis for Speaker Verification (2010)

This paper presents an extension of our previous work which proposes a new speaker representation for speaker verification. In this modeling, a new low-dimensional speaker- and channel-dependent space is defined using a simple factor analysis. This space is named the total variability space because it models both speaker and channel variabilities. Two speaker verification systems are proposed which use this new representation. The first system is a support vector machine-based system that uses the cosine kernel to estimate the similarity between the input data. The second system directly uses the cosine similarity as the final decision score. We tested three channel compensation techniques in the total variability space, which are within-class covariance normalization (WCCN), linear discriminate analysis (LDA), and nuisance attribute projection (NAP). We found that the best results are obtained when LDA is followed by WCCN. We achieved an equal error rate (EER) of 1.12% and MinDCF of 0.0094 using the cosine distance scoring on the male English trials of the core condition of the NIST 2008 Speaker Recognition Evaluation dataset. We also obtained 4% absolute EER improvement for both-gender trials on the 10 s-10 s condition compared to the classical joint factor analysis scoring.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 Directs Gap Junction Expression in the Mesenchyme of the Vertebrate Limb Bud (1997)

Pattern in the developing limb depends on signaling by polarizing region mesenchyme cells, which are located at the posterior margin of the bud tip. Here we address the underlying cellular mechanisms. We show in the intact bud that connexin 43 (Cx43) and Cx32 gap junctions are at higher density between distal posterior mesenchyme cells at the tip of the bud than between either distal anterior or proximal mesenchyme cells. These gradients disappear when the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is removed. Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) produced by posterior AER cells controls signaling by polarizing cells. We find that FGF4 doubles gap junction density and substantially improves functional coupling between cultured posterior mesenchyme cells. FGF4 has no effect on cultured anterior mesenchyme, suggesting that any effects of FGF4 on responding anterior mesenchyme cells are not mediated by a change in gap junction density or functional communication through gap junctions. In condensing mesenchyme cells, connexin expression is not affected by FGF4. We show that posterior mesenchyme cells maintained in FGF4 under conditions that increase functional coupling maintain polarizing activity at in vivo levels. Without FGF4, polarizing activity is reduced and the signaling mechanism changes. We conclude that FGF4 regulation of cell-cell communication and polarizing signaling are intimately connected.
Electrochemical Enzyme Immunoassays on Microchip Platforms (2001)

A microfluidic device for conducting electrochemical enzyme immunoassays is described. The new "lab-on-a-chip" protocol integrates precolumn reactions of alkaline phosphatase-labeled antibody (anti-mouse IgG) with the antigen (mouse IgG), followed by electrophoretic separation of the free antibody and antibody-antigen complex. The separation is followed by a postcolumn reaction of the enzyme tracer with the 4-aminophenyl phosphate substrate and a downstream amperometric detection of the liberated 4-aminophenol product Factors influencing the reaction, separation, and detection processes were optimized, and the analytical performance was characterized. An applied field strength of 256 V/cm results in free antibody and antibody-antigen complex migration times of 125 and 340 s, respectively. A remarkably low detection limit of 2.5 x 10(-16) g/mL (1.7 x 10(-18) M) is obtained for the mouse IgG model analyte. Such combination of a complete integrated immunoassay, an attractive analytical performance, and the distinct miniaturization/portability advantages of electrochemical microsystems offers considerable promise for designing self-contained and disposable chips for decentralized clinical diagnostics or on-site environmental testing.
The DIAMOND (DHA Intake And Measurement Of Neural Development) Study: a double-masked, randomized controlled clinical trial of the maturation of infant visual acuity as a function of the dietary level of docosahexaenoic acid (2010)

DHA supplementation of infant formula at 0.32% of total fatty acids improves visual acuity. Higher amounts of DHA supplementation were not associated with additional improvement of visual acuity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00753818.