gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Colloidal Nanoclusters of MgO Coated with Alkali Metal Nitrates/Nitrites for Rapid, High Capacity CO2 Capture at Moderate Temperature (2015)

Colloidal nanoclusters of metal oxides constitute a promising new class of building blocks for a range of advanced functional materials. Herein, we report on the development of colloidal nanoclusters of MgO for CO2 capture prepared by a novel nonhydrolytic sol–gel reaction followed by the deposition of alkali metal salts by methanol evaporation-induced surface precipitation. The CO2 uptake exceeded 11.7 mmol g–1 (514.8 mg CO2 per 1 g of adsorbent) in 30 min in the presence of 100% dry CO2 under ambient pressure (1 bar) at 340 °C and reached 15.7 mmol g–1 (690.8 mg CO2 per 1 g of adsorbent) in 4 h. Colloidal nanoclusters possessing multiple inner grain boundaries and rough surfaces allowed for a dramatic increase in active surface area of MgO coated with thin layers of alkali metal salts and enabled the rapid conversion of MgO to MgCO3 with high conversion ratio. It was also discovered that the CO2 uptake loading and the regenerability of the sorbents can be enhanced on introduction of nitrite salts to the coating layer through the formation of magnesium nitro or nitrate species, which increased the critical thickness of product layers and mitigated the degradation of nanoclusters over the repeated sorption/desorption cycles.
Polyfluoroalkyl dibasic acid phosphates, bis(polyfluoroalkyl) monobasic acid phosphates, and their precursors (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyfluoroalkyl dibasic acid phosphates, bis(polyfluoroalkyl) monobasic acid phosphates, and their precursorsTariq Mahmood and Jean'ne M. ShreeveCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 21, 3830–3837Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00241a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00241a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views738Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plasma Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Levels Decrease during the Second Decade of Life Irrespective of Pubertal Status (1984)

The plasma concentrations of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and sex steroids determine the nonprotein bound or free steroid fraction, which probably exerts the biological activity of sex steroids. Androgens lower and estrogens raise SHBG levels. The established pubertal fall in SHBG levels occurring in men has been attributed to rising androgen levels. In this study we examined the relationship between plasma SHBG and androgens in four men with untreated isolated gonadotropin deficiency and in two siblings with complete androgen insensitivity. In patients with untreated isolated gonadotropin deficiency there was a highly significant inverse correlation between SHBG levels and age (r = -0.9, P less than 0.001), although testosterone levels did not rise and there was no relationship between SHBG levels and testosterone, androstenedione, or dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate. Two 46 XY siblings, who were phenotypic females, with complete androgen insensitivity had a marked decline in SHBG levels from 28.0 ng/ml at 9 yr to 17.1 ng/ml at 13 yr and from 15.2 ng/ml at 12 yr to 8.1 ng/ml at 16 yr, respectively. These observations indicate that the fall in SHBG levels during the second decade of life occurs irrespective of androgen activity and is under the control of other unidentified influences.
Epitaxial and Smooth Films of a -Axis YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (1990)

YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) films have been grown epitaxially on SrTiO(3) (100) and LaAlO(3) (100) substrates with nearly pure a-axis orientation and with transition temperature T(c) (R = 0) of 85 K. A unique feature of these films is their smooth surface. These smooth surfaces enable the growth of short-period superlattices with well-defined modulations. The films are untwinned and the grains grow with their c-axis along one of two perpendicular directions on the substrate ([100] or [010]). The fabrication of sandwich-type Josephson junctions with good characteristics may now be possible because unlike c-axis-oriented films, the superconducting coherence length of these smooth films is appreciably large perpendicular to their surfaces.
Functional Anatomy of the Interventricular Septum (1973)

Structure-function studies were performed upon the canine in situ interventricular septum. In response to both neural and chemical stimulation, the left septal apex generated greater percent change in contractile force, and contracted earlier than did the basal portion. Under positive inotropic stimulation the left septum contracted earlier and more forcefully than the right. Coarctation of the pulmonary artery elicited moderate augmentation in right septal contraction with no change in the left, whereas partial occlusion of the aorta resulted in increased contractile force in both septa with predominance on the left. Stimulation of the peripheral end of the cervical vagosympathetic trunk induced comparable suppression in contractile force of all surfaces of the septum as well as in both right and left epicardial muscle segments. Based upon careful anatomical dissection of fresh specimens, the interventricular septum was found to be comprised of thin right and relatively thick left muscle masses. The septum may be divided into three different structural zones. The cranial portion is small and consists of a very thin membranous region. The muscular septum is divisible into cranial and caudal portions, each demonstrating characteristic contractile behaviors which are exaggerated under neurally and chemically augmented states and which play an important role in regulation of cardiac output.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using Microwave Radiation (2003)

Abstract We report a method for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by microwave irradiation. CNTs were successfully synthesized by microwave heating of the catalyst loaded on various supports such as carbon black, silica powder, or organic polymer substrates (Teflon and polycarbonate). Microwave (2.45 GHz, 800 W) irradiation used acetylene as a hydrocarbon source, and 3d transition metals and metal sulfides were used as the catalysts. Different carbon yields and morphologies were obtained depending on the reaction conditions. Fibrous nanocarbons—linear or Y‐branched—were observed as well as carbon nanoparticles and amorphous carbon. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed that these fibrous nanocarbons are either multiwalled CNTs or graphitic nanofibers (GNFs). This novel method has the potential to grow CNTs virtually on any substrate provided its absorption of microwave energy is small.
Optical mapping of anatomical reentry in monolayers of cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (2003)

There were two primary objectives in the study. First, we present a novel macroscopic optical method with high sensitivity to record transmembrane potentials, V/sub m/, in monolayers of cultured cardiac myocytes. Second, using this technique we demonstrate, for the first time, electrically-induced, sustained reentrant activity in a two-dimensional (2-D) cell culture preparation.
Inhibition of carcinogenesis by some minor dietary constituents. (1985)

Previous work has shown that food contains a large number of minor dietary constituents that can inhibit the occurrence of cancer. Additional inhibitors from four different natural sources will be the subject of this presentation. 1. Citrus fruit oils. Orange, tangerine, lemon, and grapefruit oils given p.o. induce increased glutathione (GSH) S-transferase activity in tissues of the mouse. When fed in the diet prior to and during the course of administration of benzo(a)pyrene (BP), the four citrus fruit oils inhibit formation of tumors of both the forestomach and lungs of mice. When fed either before or after the administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) orange oil inhibits mammary tumor formation. 2. Garlic oil. Allyl methyl trisulfide (AMT), a constituent of garlic oil, has been synthesized recently. When given p.o. 96 and 48 hr prior to BP, AMT inhibits the occurrence of forestomach tumors in mice. 3. Green coffee beans. Two diterpene esters, kahweol palmitate and cafestol palmitate, which are potent inducers of GSH S-transferase activity have been isolated from coffee beans. When administered p.o. prior to DMBA the two diterpene esters inhibit mammary tumor formation. 4. Cruciferous vegetables. Several glucosinolates occur in cruciferous vegetables. Efficient procedures for the isolation of these compounds have been developed recently. The inhibitory effects of three of these i.e. glucobrassicin, glucotropaeolin, and glucosinalbin were studied in several animal models. Glucobrassicin caused substantial inhibition of BP-induced neoplasia of the lung and forestomach of the mouse and DMBA-induced neoplasia of the breast in rats. Glucosinalbin and glucotropaeolin are less active in these systems. In addition to protective effects, indoles derived from the hydrolysis of glucobrassicin have potential harmful properties. The implications of multiple properties and factors which may determine their consequence will be discussed.
Fabrication of novel three-dimensional microstructures by the anisotropic etching of (1978)

The anisotropic etching of single crystal silicon of
Liposome‐mediated DNA transfer into chicken primordial germ cells in vivo (1994)

In embryogenesis, avian primordial germ cells (PGCs) circulate temporarily in the blood vessels at stages 10-15 (Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951), before reaching the gonads. In an attempt to transfer cloned genes into PGCs, liposome consisting of reporter plasmid DNA and N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammoniummethylsulf ate was injected into the marginal veins of embryos at stages 11-15. As reporter plasmids, pRSVZ and pAcZ harboring the Escherichia coli lacZ gene driven, respectively, by the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter and the chicken beta-actin gene promoter were used. First, 55 embryos were injected with liposome containing pRSVZ and stained for the bacterial beta-galactosidase activity 24 hr after injection. In all the embryos, cells positive for beta-galactosidase activity were observed among the blood cells, endothelial cells, and endocardium cells of the heart, suggesting that transfection took place within the circulatory system. Then, embryos were injected with liposome containing pRSVZ or pAcZ, and stained 2 or 3 d after injection. PGCs positive for beta-galactosidase activity were observed in the gonads in four out of 44 embryos injected with pRSVZ, and 29 out of 71 embryos injected with pAcZ, indicating that the plasmid DNA was transferred into PGCs developing normally. The average number of positive PGCs per embryo was 0.2 and 2.1, respectively, when pRSVZ and pAcZ were introduced. The difference in the number of positive PGCs detected after introduction of the two plasmids suggests that the actin promoter has a higher level of transcriptional activity in PGCs than does the RSV promoter.
Laser Surgical Planning With Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based 3-Dimensional Reconstructions for Intralesional Nd:YAG Laser Therapy of a Venous Malformation of the Neck (2001)

The use of magnetic resonance imaging-based 3-D reconstructions for laser surgical planning can demonstrate the often unexpected extent and improve the intralesional laser therapy in the treatment of venous malformations.
Requirement of the Yeast MSH3 and MSH6 Genes for MSH2-dependent Genomic Stability (1996)

Defects in DNA mismatch repair result in instability of simple repetitive DNA sequences and elevated levels of spontaneous mutability. The human G/T mismatch binding protein, GTBP/p160, has been suggested to have a role in the repair of base-base and single nucleotide insertion-deletion mismatches. Here we examine the role of the yeast GTBP homolog, MSH6, in mismatch repair. We show that both MSH6 and MSH3 genes are essential for normal genomic stability. Interestingly, although mutations in either MSH3 or MSH6 do not cause the extreme microsatellite instability and spontaneous mutability observed in the msh2 mutant, yeast cells harboring null mutations in both the MSH3 and MSH6 genes exhibit microsatellite instability and mutability similar to that in the msh2 mutant. Results from epistasis analyses indicate that MSH2 functions in mismatch repair in conjunction with MSH3 or MSH6 and that MSH3 and MSH6 constitute alternate pathways of MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.
Lightweight fiber optic microphones and accelerometers (2001)

We have designed, fabricated, and tested two lightweight fiber optic sensors for the dynamic measurement of acoustic pressure and acceleration. These sensors, one a microphone and the other an accelerometer, are required for active blanket sound control technology under development in our laboratory. The sensors were designed to perform to certain specifications dictated by our active sound control application and to do so without exhibiting sensitivity to the high electrical voltages expected to be present. Furthermore, the devices had to be small (volumes less than 1.5 cm3) and light (less than 2 g). To achieve these design criteria, we modified and extended fiber optic reflection microphone and fiber microbend displacement device designs reported in the literature. After fabrication, the performances of each sensor type were determined from measurements made in a dynamic pressure calibrator and on a shaker table. The fiber optic microbend accelerometer, which weighs less than 1.8 g, was found to meet all performance goals including 1% linearity, 90 dB dynamic range, and a minimum detectable acceleration of 0.2 mg/Hz. The fiber optic microphone, which weighs less than 1.3 g, also met all goals including 1% linearity, 85 dB dynamic range, and a minimum detectable acoustic pressure level of 0.016 Pa/Hz. In addition to our specific use in active sound control, these sensors appear to have application in a variety of other areas.
Bacterial Degradation of Aromatic Compounds (2009)

Aromatic compounds are among the most prevalent and persistent pollutants in the environment. Petroleum-contaminated soil and sediment commonly contain a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatics. Aromatics derived from industrial activities often have functional groups such as alkyls, halogens and nitro groups. Biodegradation is a major mechanism of removal of organic pollutants from a contaminated site. This review focuses on bacterial degradation pathways of selected aromatic compounds. Catabolic pathways of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene are described in detail. Bacterial catabolism of the heterocycles dibenzofuran, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, and dibenzodioxin is discussed. Bacterial catabolism of alkylated PAHs is summarized, followed by a brief discussion of proteomics and metabolomics as powerful tools for elucidation of biodegradation mechanisms.
Tumor-associated sialylated antigens are constitutively expressed in normal human colonic mucosa. (1995)

Immunohistochemical studies have indicated that sialylated carbohydrate antigens such as sialyl-Tn, sialyl-Le(a), and sialyl-Le(x) are expressed in a tumor-associated fashion in human colon. Since sialic acid residues are O-acetylated more extensively in normal colonic epithelium than in colon cancer cells, we examined whether deacetylation of colonic tissues might enable monoclonal antibodies to recognize these tumor-associated sialylated antigens. In normal colon, deacetylation turned most cases (82%) positive with anti-sialyl-Tn mAb TKH2; and in colon cancers, it increased the number of TKH2-positive cells. Sialyl-Le(a) and sialyl-Le(x) detection was also increased after deacetylation of normal and malignant colonic tissues so that the frequency of positive cases in normal tissues was similar to that in the cancers. However, in the stomach and pancreas, the same treatment rarely increased the detection of the sialylated epitopes in normal or cancerous tissues. Thus, the same sialylated epitopes can be expressed in a tumor-associated fashion by different mechanisms in different gastrointestinal organs; in the colon, these antigens are constitutively expressed and O-acetylated, whereas in the upper gastrointestinal tract, they are rarely O-acetylated, suggesting that other mechanisms such as differences in glycosylation account for the cancer-associated expression.
Importance of Controlling Nanotube Density for Highly Sensitive and Reliable Biosensors Functional in Physiological Conditions (2010)

Biosensors utilizing carbon nanotube field-effect transistors have a tremendous potential to serve as the basis for the next generation of diagnostic systems. While nanotubes have been employed in the fabrication of multiple sensors, little attention has previously been paid to how the nanotube density affects the biosensor performance. We conducted a systematic study of the effect of density on the performance of nanotube biosensors and discovered that this parameter is crucial to achieving consistently high performance. We found that devices with lower density offer higher sensitivity in terms of both detection limit and magnitude of response. The low density nanotube devices resulted in a detection limit of 1 pM in an electrolyte buffer containing high levels of electrolytes (ionic concentration ∼140 mM, matching the ionic strength of serum and plasma). Further investigation suggested that the enhanced sensitivity arises from the semiconductor-like behavior-strong gate dependence and lower capacitance-of the nanotube network at low density. Finally, we used the density-optimized nanotube biosensors to detect the nucleocapsid (N) protein of the SARS virus and demonstrated improved detection limits under physiological conditions. Our results show that it is critical to carefully tune the nanotube density in order to fabricate sensitive and reliable devices.
Severe acquired haemophilia A treated with recombinant factor VIIa (1997)

Acquired haemophilia can be associated with various conditions including pregnancy, autoimmune diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders, though often no underlying cause is found. It often presents with a rapid onset of muscle bleeding and involves the IgG antibody. It may be treated with human or porcine factor VIII (FVIII), prothrombin complex concentrates, factor IX (FIX) complex concentrates, factor VIIa (FVIIa) or by immunosuppression. We report a case of acquired haemophilia in a 40-year-old woman diagnosed following laparotomy. She was treated unsuccessfully using human FVIII and cryoprecipitate, porcine FVIII and FIX complex concentrate, before being treated with recombinant FVIIa (NovoSeven, Novo Nordisk). On treatment with recombinant FVIIa, bleeding stopped rapidly with no side-effects and the abdominal haematoma was evacuated with minimal post-operative bleeding.
Multi-texturing 3D models: How to choose the best texture? (2012)

In this article, the impact of 2D based approaches for multi-texturing 3D models using real images is studied. While conventional 3D based approaches assign the best texture for each mesh triangle according to geometric criteria such as triangle orientation or triangle area, 2D based approaches tend to minimize the distortion between the rendered views and the original ones. Evaluation of the two strategies is performed on real scenes for two image sequences and results are provided using the PSNR metric. Moreover, an improvement of the image-based approach is proposed for texturing partially visible triangles.
Combatting bacterial persister cells (2015)

Most bacterial cells lead lives of quiet desperation in biofilms, combatting stress; yet, their prevalence attests to their ability to alter gene regulation to cope with myriad insults. Since biofilm bacteria are faced with starvation and other environmental stress (e.g., antibiotics from competitors, oxidative stress from host immune systems), it behooves them to be able to ramp down their metabolism in a highly regulated manner and enter a resting state known as persistence to weather stress. Hence, persister cells are metabolically dormant cells that arise predominantly as a response to stress through elegant gene regulation that includes toxin/antitoxin systems. In this review, an analysis is made of the genetic pathways that lead to persistence, of cell signaling via the interspecies and interkingdom signal indole that leads to persistence, and the means found to date for combatting these cells which are frequently tolerant to a range of antibiotics.
Ordering of Quantum Dots Using Genetically Engineered Viruses (2002)

A liquid crystal system was used for the fabrication of a highly ordered composite material from genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage and zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanocrystals. The bacteriophage, which formed the basis of the self-ordering system, were selected to have a specific recognition moiety for ZnS crystal surfaces. The bacteriophage were coupled with ZnS solution precursors and spontaneously evolved a self-supporting hybrid film material that was ordered at the nanoscale and at the micrometer scale into approximately 72-micrometer domains, which were continuous over a centimeter length scale. In addition, suspensions were prepared in which the lyotropic liquid crystalline phase behavior of the hybrid material was controlled by solvent concentration and by the use of a magnetic field.
[Subclasses of IgG: biological aspects and functional behavior in response to vaccination]. (1988)

The IgG subclasses are known to have different structure and functions. The IgG1 and IgG3 bind to monocyte and neutrophils and activate the complement more easily then IgG2 and IgG4. The levels of IgG subclasses found in newborns are mainly determined by the transplacental passage since the synthesis, in the first time of life, is very low. The levels found in adults are reached only during the adolescence. The immune response to a protein antigen is mainly in the IgG1 subclass, on the contrary the response to polysaccharide antigens is mainly IgG2. For that reason children, who produce very few IgG2 till they are 2 years old, cannot be vaccinated with carbohydrate vaccines unless a protein conjugate vaccine is used. In addition, the route of subministration, the dose of antigen, the age of vaccinated people and genetic factors can modify the subclass pattern obtained in response to vaccinations. For these reasons, probably, the immune response studied after a vaccination or in individuals who recovered from a natural disease is not always the same. Since the role of the different subclasses is not yet completely clarified, the interpretation of the importance of a selective "choice" of a subclass instead of another after vaccination is still difficult.