gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Surface Display of Functional Macromolecule Fusions on Escherichia coli for Development of an Autofluorescent Whole-Cell Biocatalyst (2008)

At present, Lpp-OmpA-mediated surface display has opened a new dimension in the development of whole-cell factories. Here, we report the surface display of methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fusions (60 kDa) by employing the Lpp-OmpA chimera as an anchoring motif. A broad-host-range vector, pLOMG33, coding for Lpp-OmpA-MPH-GFP fusion protein was constructed for targeting the fusion protein onto the surface of Escherichia coli. The surface localization of fusion protein was demonstrated by Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence microscopy, and a protease accessibility experiment. The surface-exposed fusion protein retains the MPH activity and GFP fluorescence. Anchorage of macromolecule fusions on the outer membrane neither inhibits cell growth nor affects cell viability, as shown by growth kinetics of cells and stability of resting cultures. The engineered E. coli with surface-expressed MPH-GFP has two major advantages over the same strain expressing cytosolic MPH-GFP, including 7-fold higher whole-cell activity and 2-fold stronger fluorescence. Moreover, the construct pLOMG33 can potentially be applied to various bacterial species for enhancing field use. This is the first report on the presentation of GFP fusions on the cell surface by Lpp-OmpA. Our results suggest that Lpp-OmpA is a useful tool for the functional display of macromolecule passenger proteins on the cell surface.
Downregulation of AKT reverses platinum resistance of human ovarian cancers in vitro (2012)

Platinum resistance is the most crucial problem for treatment of ovarian cancer. Increasing evidence points towards AKT overexpression as a mechanistic reason for this clinical condition. The present study evaluates the effect of overexpression and downregulation of AKT on the sensitivity to cisplatin in a platinum-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line and the corresponding platinum-sensitive parental cell line. A2780 and A2780cis ovarian cancer cell lines were stably transfected with an AKT-sense and AKT-antisense plasmid. Successful transfection was evaluated by western blot analysis. Cytotoxic effects of cisplatin were evaluated by metabolic (MTT) and clonogenicity assays as well as by FACS analysis. AKT overexpression (confirmed by western blotting) converted platinum-sensitive A2780 into platinum-resistant cells as shown by MTT assay. Importantly, platinum resistance of A2780cis cells could be reversed by downregulation of AKT, as demonstrated by MTT and clonogenicity assays and FACS analysis. Our data provide strong evidence that cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is mediated by AKT overexpression and can be overcome by AKT downregulation, thus, providing a rationale for clinical phase II/III studies combining AKT inhibitors with cisplatin.
Complete Covalent Structure of Human Platelet Factor 4 (1979)

The amino acid sequence of the subunit of human platelet factor 4 has been determined. Human platelet factor 4 consists of identical subunits containing 70 amino acids, each with a molecular weight of 7,756. The molecule contains no methionine, phenylalanine or tryptophan. The proposed amino acid sequence of PF4 is: Glu-Ala-Glu-Glu-Asp-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gln-Cys-Leu-Cys-Val-Lys-Thr-Thr-Ser-Gln-Val-Arg-Pro-Arg-His-Ile-Thr-Ser-Leu-Glu-Val-Ile-Lys-Ala-Gly-Pro-His-Cys-Pro-Thr-Ala-Gln-Leu-Ile-Ala-Thr-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Arg-Lys-Ile-Cys-Leu-Asp-Leu-Gln-Ala-Pro-Leu-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Ile-Ile-Lys-Lys-Leu-Leu-Glu-Ser. From consideration of the homology with beta-thromboglobulin, disulphide bonds between residues 10 and 36 and between residues 12 and 52 can be inferred.
Reactive cysteine persulfides and S-polythiolation regulate oxidative stress and redox signaling (2014)

Using methodology developed herein, it is found that reactive persulfides and polysulfides are formed endogenously from both small molecule species and proteins in high amounts in mammalian cells and tissues. These reactive sulfur species were biosynthesized by two major sulfurtransferases: cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase. Quantitation of these species indicates that high concentrations of glutathione persulfide (perhydropersulfide >100 μM) and other cysteine persulfide and polysulfide derivatives in peptides/proteins were endogenously produced and maintained in the plasma, cells, and tissues of mammals (rodent and human). It is expected that persulfides are especially nucleophilic and reducing. This view was found to be the case, because they quickly react with H2O2 and a recently described biologically generated electrophile 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. These results indicate that persulfides are potentially important signaling/effector species, and because H2S can be generated from persulfide degradation, much of the reported biological activity associated with H2S may actually be that of persulfides. That is, H2S may act primarily as a marker for the biologically active of persulfide species.
Specific unresponsiveness in rats with prolonged cardiac allograft survival after treatment with cyclosporine. III. Further characterization of the CD4+ suppressor cell and its mechanisms of action. (1990)

The cellular basis of the specific unresponsiveness that develops in DA rats treated with cyclosporine (CSA) for 10 d after grafting a PVG heart was examined using an adoptive transfer assay. CD4+ cells from rats with long survival grafts specifically lack the capacity to restore PVG heart graft rejection, and can also inhibit the capacity of naive T cells to restore rejection, while in the first few weeks post-transplant, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from CSA-treated hosts have the capacity to effect PVG graft rejection. In this study, we demonstrated the CD4+ suppressor cells also had the capacity to inhibit restoration of rejection by CD4+ cells from CSA-treated DA rats recently transplanted with PVG hearts, and from rats sensitized to third party, but not from those specifically sensitized to PVG. They also inhibited the capacity of both naive CD8+ and sensitized CD8+ cells to effect rejection. These results showed that the CD4+ suppressor cell was capable of overriding the capacity to effect rejection of the CD4+ cell and activated CD8+ cells that were present in the CSA-treated host shortly after transplantation. The failure of naive CD8+ cells to augment suppression and the capacity of CD4+ suppressor cells to transfer unresponsiveness to irradiated hosts in which regeneration of CD8+ cells was abolished by thymectomy suggested that it was the CD4+ cell alone that mediated suppression. However, the failure of CD4+ suppressor cells to reinduce unresponsiveness in irradiated hosts whose CD8+ cells had been depleted by therapy with the mAb MRC Ox8 showed that a radioresistant CD8+ cell was required to reestablish the state of specific unresponsiveness. The induction of CD4+ suppressor cells in thymectomized hosts suggested that these cells were derived from long-lived CD4+ lymphocytes. However, their sensitivity to cyclophosphamide and their loss of suppressor function both after removal of the graft and after 3 d in culture demonstrated that the suppressor cell itself had a short lifespan. The CD4+ suppressor was shown to be MRC Ox22+ (CD45R+), MRC Ox17+ (MHC class II), and MRC Ox39+ (CD25, IL-2-R). These studies demonstrated the CD4+ suppressive cell identified in rats with specific unresponsiveness induced by CSA therapy had many features of the suppressor inducer cell identified in in vitro studies of the alloimmune response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The very low penetrance of cystic fibrosis for the R117H mutation: a reappraisal for genetic counselling and newborn screening (2009)

These results suggest that R117H should be withdrawn from CF mutation panels used for screening programmes. The real impact of so-called disease mutations should be assessed before including them in newborn or preconceptional carrier screening programmes.
Development of spoken language corpora for travel information (1995)

In this paper we report on our ongoing work in developing spoken language corpora in the context of information access in two travel domain tasks, L’ATIS and MASK. The collection of spoken language corpora remains an important research area and represents a significant portion of work in the development of spoken language systems. The use of additional acoustic and language model training data has been shown to almost systematically improve performance in continuous speech recognition. Similarly, progress in spoken language understanding is closely linked to the availability of spoken language corpora. We record subjects on a regular basis using development versions of the spoken language systems for both tasks, obtaining over 1000 queries/month from 20 subjects. To help assess our progress in system development, each subject since March’95 completes a questionnaire addressing the user-friendliness, reliability, ease-of-use of the MASK data
FAB M4 and high CD14 surface expression is associated with high cellular resistance to Ara‐C and daunorubicin: implications for clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukaemia (2001)

In 145 adult patients diagnosed with non-M3 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) the relevance of FAB-subtype and immunophenotype to in vitro cellular drug resistance towards the anthracyclines aclarubicin (Acla) and daunorubicin (Dau), and the nucleoside analogue cytarabine (Ara-C), as well as other antileukaemic drugs, was investigated using a 4-d MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. We demonstrate that high CD14 expression is highly significantly associated with high cellular Ara-C and Dau resistance in univariate as well as multivariate analyses. FAB subtypes with highest and lowest cellular Ara-C resistance were M4 and M5, respectively (P < 0.01, one-way anova), whereas FAB subtypes with highest and lowest cellular Dau resistance were M4 and M1, respectively (P < 0.01, one-way anova). By contrast, no significant differences in cellular drug resistance towards Acla could be demonstrated among FAB subtypes. Furthermore, in two cohorts of AML patients treated by two different regimens for remission induction over a period of 15 yr (1985-94, n = 159 and 1995-99, n = 76, respectively) we demonstrate in univariate analyses a significance of CD14 expression with respect to clinical outcome. With the exception of significance to probability of obtaining complete remission in the first cohort (P = 0.03, logistic regression), this significance was, however, lost in multivariate analyses. It was demonstrated that FAB-M4 patients were older than M5 patients and that high CD14 expression was associated with the presence of secondary AML and older age. We conclude that although cases with high blast cell CD14 expression (and FAB-M4 cases) were more resistant to Ara-C as well as Dau in vitro, the clinical and biological significance of this may be debatable because of interactions with major prognostic factors in AML.
Synthesis of the Enediyne Aglycon (±)-Calicheamicinone (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of the Enediyne Aglycon (±)-CalicheamicinoneIan Churcher, David Hallett, and Philip MagnusView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas 78712 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 14, 3518–3519Publication Date (Web):March 28, 1998Publication History Received14 January 1998Published online28 March 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9801543https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9801543rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views896Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Enantioselective synthesis,Inorganic carbon compounds,Oxidation,Protective groups,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Adhesion molecules VLA-1 to VLA-6 define discrete stages of peripheral B lymphocyte development and characterize different types of B cell neoplasia. (1992)

VLA-1 to VLA-6 are cell-surface molecules binding to matrix molecules such as collagen, fibronectin, epiligrin, and laminin. In addition, VLA-4 binds to VCAM-1 and ICAM-2, thus mediating intercellular adhesion prerogative for lymphocyte extravasation or 'homing'. Using frozen tissue of normal lymphoid organs and of 100 morphologically and immunologically typed B cell neoplasias, monoclonal antibodies to all six VAL-alpha and to the common beta-chain were applied to serial sections. VLAs were found differentially expressed in cytologically and microtopographically defined B-cell subsets [follicular mantle zone cells (MZ), follicular center cells (FC), extrafollicular cells (EF), and plasma cells (PC)] of normal spleen, lymph node, and thymic medulla (which contains an EF compartment). Thus, these cell types, which correspond to discrete stages of B cell development, can also be defined by their VLA status. Acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was VLA-1-, 2-, 3 +/-, 4 +/-, 5 +/-, 6-. The VLA-1-, -2 +/-, 3+, -4+, -5+, -6-phenotype of chronic B lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) resembled that of MZ. Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) differed from CLL in its tendency to lack VLA-2, in its consistent lack of VLA-3, and altogether resembled splenic EF in its VLA profile. Mantle zone lymphoma (MZL) consistently expressed VLA-3 and -4 and frequently VLA-5. Nodal follicular center cell lymphomas (FCCL) were VLA-1- and -2- and very rarely expressed VLA-5 and -6. Thus, FCCL although roughly corresponding to FC, tended to aberrantly express VLA-3 and/or VLA-4. Burkitt's lymphoma resembled FCCL but expressed VLA-4 more frequently and at higher levels. Mediastinal clear cell lymphoma of B-cell type differed from FCCL in its regular lack of VLA-3, -5, and -6 and in frequently lacking VLA-4. Medullary plasmacytoma was VLA-1-, -2-, -3 +/-, -4 +/-, -5-, -6+, thus being the only B cell neoplasia which was consistently VLA-6+. With respect to the well-known clinical characteristics of the B cell malignancies examined, the leukemic phenotype might crucially depend on the presence of VLA-5.
Real-time voice over packet-switched networks (1998)

We discuss the architecture and technical viability of transporting real-time voice over packet-switched networks such as the Internet. The value of integrating voice and data networks onto a common platform is well known. The telephony industry has proposed the ATM standard as a means of upgrading the Internet to provide both real-time and data services. In contrast, voice services may be added to traditional IP networks that were originally designed for data transmission alone. We consider the feasibility and expected quality of service of audio applications over IP networks such as the Internet. In particular, we examine possible architectures for voice over IP and discuss measured Internet delay and loss characteristics.
Cornea surgery with nanojoule femtosecond laser pulses (2005)

We report on a novel optical method for (i) flap-generation in LASIK procedures as well as (ii) for flap-free intrastromal refractive surgery based on nanojoule femtosecond laser pulses. The near infrared 200 fs pulses for multiphoton ablation have been provided by ultracompact turn-key MHz laser resonators. LASIK flaps and intracorneal cavities have been realized with high precision within living New Zealand rabbits using the system FemtoCutO (JenLab GmbH, Jena, Germany) at 800 nm laser wavelength. Using low-energy sub-2 nJ laser pulses, collateral damage due to photodisruptive and self-focusing effects was avoided. The laser ablation system consists of fast galvoscanners, focusing optics of high numerical aperture as well as a sensitive imaging system and provides also the possibility of 3D multiphoton imaging of fluorescent cellular organelles and SHG signals from collagen. Multiphoton tomography of the cornea was used to determine the exact intratissue beam position and to visualize intraocular post-laser effects. The wound healing process has been investigated up to 90 days after instrastromal laser ablation by histological analysis. Regeneration of damaged collagen structures and the migration of inflammation cells have been detected.
Enantioselective inhibition of TNF-? release by thalidomide and thalidomide-analogues (1996)

The question whether the immunomodulating activity of rac-thalidomide resides in either the (-)-(S)- or the (+)-(R)-enantiomer was addressed by synthesis and separation of pure enantiomers of thalidomide analogues which carry a methyl-group at the asymmetric carbon atom and are thus prevented from racemization. The effect of the pure enantiomers of the thalidomide-analogues and also of the enantiomers of thalidomide on release of TNF-alpha was tested in vitro by using stimulated peripheral mononuclear blood cells. Both enantiomers of thalidomide inhibited the release of TNF-alpha equally well at low concentrations (5 and 12.5 micrograms/ml) but at higher concentrations (25 and 50 micrograms 50 micrograms/ml) there was a weak but statistically significant selectivity towards the (-)-(S)-enantiomer. In the case of the configuration-stable thalidomide-analogues there was a very pronounced and statistically significant enantioselectivity towards the (S)-form even at lower concentrations (> or = 5 micrograms/ml). The (S)-enantiomers of the thalidomide-analogues differed in their inhibitory potency from (-)-(S)-thalidomide suggesting that the introduction of the methyl-group increases the TNF-alpha-inhibitory activity while the reduction of one of the carbonyl-functions in the glutarimide-moiety to a methylene-group decreases activity. The effect of these small molecular alterations on activity and the enantioselectivity towards the (S)-enantiomers may indicate that thalidomide and its analogues directly interact with one or several cellular target-proteins.
Epstein-Barr virus induces a unique pyrimidine deoxynucleoside kinase activity in superinfected and virus-producer B cell lines (1985)

Epstein-Barr (EB) virus induces a new pyrimidine deoxynucleoside kinase [thymidine kinase (dTk)] activity in Raji B lymphocyte cells after superinfection. This dTk activity is also present in small amounts in the HR-1 virus-producer cell line and in larger amounts in the B95-8 virus-producer line. The dTk activity induced by EB virus coelutes from DEAE-cellulose columns with deoxycytidine kinase (dCk) activity and elutes as a broad peak well separated from the large peaks of cellular dTk and dCk activities. This EB virus-induced pyrimidine deoxynucleoside kinase activity from HR-1 cells differs from cellular kinases in most basic biochemical properties but shares certain properties with the herpes simplex virus dTk.
Recycling of mixed cathode lithium‐ion batteries for electric vehicles: Current status and future outlook (2020)

Abstract Worldwide trends in mobile electrification, largely driven by the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) will skyrocket demands for lithium‐ion battery (LIB) production. As such, up to four million metric tons of LIB waste from EV battery packs could be generated from 2015 to 2040. LIB recycling directly addresses concerns over long‐term economic strains due to the uneven geographic distribution of resources (especially for Co and Li) and environmental issues associated with both landfilling and raw material extraction. However, LIB recycling infrastructure has not been widely adopted, and current facilities are mostly focused on Co recovery for economic gains. This incentive will decline due to shifting market trends from LiCoO 2 toward cobalt‐deficient and mixed‐metal cathodes (eg, LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 ). Thus, this review covers recycling strategies to recover metals in mixed‐metal LIB cathodes and comingled scrap comprising different chemistries. As such, hydrometallurgical processes can meet this criterion, while also requiring a low environmental footprint and energy consumption compared to pyrometallurgy. Following pretreatment to separate the cathode from other battery components, the active material is dissolved entirely by reductive acid leaching. A complex leachate is generated, comprising cathode metals (Li + , Ni 2+ , Mn 2+ , and Co 2+ ) and impurities (Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , and Cu 2+ ) from the current collectors and battery casing, which can be separated and purified using a series of selective precipitation and/or solvent extraction steps. Alternatively, the cathode can be resynthesized directly from the leachate.
Design and synthesis of a conformational analog of deoxybouvardin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of a conformational analog of deoxybouvardinDale L. Boger and J. B. Myers Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 18, 5385–5390Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00018a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00018a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts