gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Smart mobility management for D2D communications in 5G networks (2014)

Direct device-to-device (D2D) communications is regarded as a promising technology to provide low-power, high-data rate and low-latency services between end-users in the future 5G networks. However, it may not always be feasible to provide low-latency reliable communication between end-users due to the nature of mobility. For instance, the latency could be increased when several controlling nodes have to exchange D2D related information among each other. Moreover, the introduced signaling overhead due to D2D operation need to be minimized. Therefore, in this paper, we propose several mobility management solutions with their technical challenges and expected gains under the assumptions of 5G small cell networks.
Assessment of Temperature, Proximity, and Course of the Esophagus During Radiofrequency Ablation Within the Left Atrium (2005)

Lesions near the course of the esophagus that generated microbubbles significantly increased esophagus temperature compared with lesions that did not. Power did not correlate with esophagus temperatures. Esophagus variability makes the avoidance of lesions along its course difficult. Rather than avoiding posterior lesions, emphasis could be placed on better esophagus monitoring for creation of safer lesions.
Low permeability biomedical polyurethane nanocomposites (2002)

Abstract In this article we describe our continuing research on a novel nanocomposite approach for reducing gas permeability through biomedical polyurethane membranes. Nanocomposites were prepared using commercially available poly(urethane urea)s (PUU) and two organically modified layered silicates (OLS). Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction experiments showed that the silicate layer spacing in the nanocomposites increased significantly compared with the neat OLS, signifying the formation of intercalated PUU/OLS structures. The nanocomposite materials exhibit increased modulus with increasing OLS content, while maintaining polymer strength and ductility. Water vapor permeability was reduced by about fivefold at the highest OLS contents, as a result of PUU/inorganic composite formation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 64A: 114–119, 2003
Carbon Nanotube Memories and Fabrics in a Radiation Hard Semiconductor Foundry (2005)

This paper details the results of a project to transition Nantero's laboratory carbon nanotube (CNT) process technology into the BAE Systems radiation-hard CMOS production foundry to enable the development of novel nanotechnology-based solutions for government space applications. Working jointly, BAE Systems and Nantero have successfully developed the necessary processes, recipes, and protocols to enable BAE Systems to develop rad-hard CMOS-CNT hybrid devices and circuits. The success of this project has established the BAE Systems Manassas, VA facility as the first U.S. government sponsored foundry to qualify carbon nanotubes for use within a production fab line. The project addressed all aspects needed to qualify nanotubes and comprised three main steps: 1) development of recipes for coating a 150 mm wafer with a monolayer fabric of single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs), 2) edge-bead removal (EBR) of the CNTs from around the edge, bevel, and backside of the wafer to prevent contamination of further processing equipment, 3) demonstration of repeatable coating and EBR of the CNTs between various wafers over multiple lots. The fabrication process for creating a 1-2 nm thick monolayer fabric of SWNTs is described and characterized with respect to the fabric thickness, resistivity, elemental composition, particle count and uniformity
Paper‐Based ELISA (2010)

Paper works: Paper-based indirect ELISA (see picture) has been demonstrated through the detection of rabbit IgG and the HIV-1 envelope antigen gp41. This technique combines the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA with the low cost and ease-of-use of paper-based platforms. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
DISQUISITIONS ON ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN (1966)

When primary immunity is boosted not by the homologous but by a crossreacting vaccine, the newly formed antibodies react better with the primary antigen than with the antigen actually eliciting the response. This phenomenon bears the name of Original Antigenic Sin (1). It is shown that the number of antibody molecules produced against the original and the vaccinating antigen is the same; that each of these molecules is capable of reacting with both antigens; that the activity of an antiserum can be completely absorbed with either antigen; that both residual and adsorbed-dissociated fractions of antibody exhibit the same relative affinities towards the two antigens as did the native serum; that, unlike standard primary and secondary responses, the population of antibody molecules characterizing the Original Antigenic Sin is homogeneous; that each molecule has a lower equilibrium constant (i.e. higher avidity) against the original antigen than against the antigen stimulating the present response; and that all equilibrium constants are typical of secondary antibody. It is concluded that the Original Antigenic Sin is a partial anamnestic response, a related antigen stimulating that sector only of the originally primed cells which is destined to produce cross-reacting antibody. A hypothesis is developed according to which the basic difference between primary and secondary reactivity rests on the presence of a trapping mechanism that allows anamnestic production of antibody against lower doses of the homologous antigen. Such a mechanism is capable of cross-trapping related antigens, thus preventing a standard primary response and allowing manifestations of Original Antigenic Sin.
Tumor Subtype-Specific Cancer–Testis Antigens as Potential Biomarkers and Immunotherapeutic Targets for Cancers (2013)

Abstract Cancer–testis (CT) antigens are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their restricted expression in immune-privileged germ cells and various malignancies. Current application of CT-based immunotherapy has been focused on CT expression–rich tumors such as melanoma and lung cancers. In this study, we surveyed CT expression using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets for ten common cancer types. We show that CT expression is specific and enriched within certain cancer molecular subtypes. For example, HORMAD1, CXorf61, ACTL8, and PRAME are highly enriched in the basal subtype of breast cancer; MAGE and CSAG are most frequently activated in the magnoid subtype of lung adenocarcinoma; and PRAME is highly upregulated in the ccB subtype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Analysis of CT gene expression and DNA methylation indicates that some CTs are regulated epigenetically, whereas others are controlled primarily by tissue- and subtype-specific transcription factors. Our results suggest that although for some CT expression is associated with patient outcome, not many are independent prognostic markers. Thus, CTs with shared expression pattern are heterogeneous molecules with distinct activation modes and functional properties in different cancers and cancer subtypes. These data suggest a cancer subtype–orientated application of CT antigen as biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets. Cancer Immunol Res; 2(4); 371–9. ©2013 AACR.
Frequency response of cantilever beams immersed in viscous fluids with applications to the atomic force microscope (1998)

The vibrational characteristics of a cantilever beam are well known to strongly depend on the fluid in which the beam is immersed. In this paper, we present a detailed theoretical analysis of the frequency response of a cantilever beam, that is immersed in a viscous fluid and excited by an arbitrary driving force. Due to its practical importance in application to the atomic force microscope (AFM), we consider in detail the special case of a cantilever beam that is excited by a thermal driving force. This will incorporate the presentation of explicit analytical formulae and numerical results, which will be of value to the users and designers of AFM cantilever beams.
Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy in the United States (2010)

We did not find an increasing or decreasing trend in the rate of ectopic pregnancy among U.S. commercially insured women from 2002 to 2007. The use of administrative claims data are likely the most feasible method for estimating the rate and monitoring trends of ectopic pregnancy in the United States.
Computing the Hough transform on a scan line array processor (image processing) (1989)

A parallel algorithm for a line-finding Hough transform that runs on a linearly connected, SIMD (single-instruction, multiple-data-stream) vector of processors is described. The authors show that a high-precision transform, usually considered to be an expensive global operation, can be performed efficiently, in two to three times real time, with only local, communication on a long vector. The algorithm also illustrates a decomposition principle that has wide application in algorithm design for large linear arrays. A review of straight-line Hough transform implementations is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Design of a Video Friendly Audio Coding System for Distribution Applications (1999)

Dolby E is an audio bit-rate reduction system for audio-visual distribution applications. The coding system was developed for situations involving tandem coding operations, editing and switching at video frame boundaries, and transport on AES3 serial-digital data paths. Special TDAC transforms are organized on a frame structure that allows for adaptive transform lengths and frame synchrony with video framing. Sample rate conversion allows for a variety of video formats to be accommodated.
Structure and Characterization of a Gene for Light-Harvesting Chi a/b Binding Protein from Rice (1991)

The gene for the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein from rice was cloned and se-quenced. The clone contains a 798-bp coding sequence, which is identical to that of a cDNA for type I LHCPII (Matsuoka 1990), and its 5′- and 3′-flanking regions. The coding region of this gene is not interrupted by intervening sequences, as reported for type I genes from other plants. In the 5′-flanking region, typical TATA and CAAT boxes are located 30 and 92 bp upstream from the capping site (positions −30 and −92), respectively. A putative phytochrome-responsive element (AAGATAAGG) is located at position −65 between the TATA and CAAT boxes. Comparison of sequences in the 5′-flanking regions between this gene and genes for LHCPII from other gramineous plants indicates that the rice sequence has no apparent homology to that of wheat. However, the rice sequence is highly homologous to the maize sequence, not only around the TATA and CAAT boxes but also in regions further upstream. To investigate the promoter activity of the 5′-flanking region of the gene, a chimeric gene was constructed by fusing the 5′-flanking region to the coding sequence for β-glucuronidase (GUS), and this chimeric gene was introduced into tobacco. The highest activity of GUS was observed in leaf tissue, indicating that the 5′-flanking region of the gene can act as a promoter in an organ-specific manner in tobacco. Histochemical analysis in situ was also performed to determine where GUS activity was expressed. The highest activity was found in leaf mesophyll cells. High activity was also observed in the vascular system of stems and petioles, and low activity was found in root tissue.
Recombinant Vaccine–Derived Poliovirus in Madagascar (2003)

International audience
Socioeconomic deprivation is a predictor of poor postoperative cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (2003)

Patients undergoing CABG living in areas with high deprivation scores are younger, have more clinical risk factors, and experience more postoperative cardiovascular complications than patients living in low deprivation score areas.
The discovery and mechanism of action of letrozole (2007)

Because estrogen contributes to the promotion and progression of breast cancer, a greater understanding of the role of estrogen in breast cancer has led to therapeutic strategies targeting estrogen synthesis, the estrogen receptor, and intracellular signaling pathways. The enzyme aromatase catalyses the final step in estrogen biosynthesis and was identified as an attractive target for selective inhibition. Modern third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs) effectively block the production of estrogen without exerting effects on other steroidogenic pathways. The discovery of letrozole (Femara) achieved the goal of discovering a highly potent and totally selective AI. Letrozole has greater potency than other AIs, including anastrozole, exemestane, formestane, and aminoglutethimide. Moreover, letrozole produces near complete inhibition of aromatase in peripheral tissues and is associated with greater suppression of estrogen than is achieved with other AIs. The potent anti-tumor effects of letrozole were demonstrated in several animal models. Studies with MCF-7Ca xenografts successfully predicted that letrozole would be clinically superior to the previous gold standard tamoxifen and also indicated that it may be more effective than other AIs. An extensive program of randomized clinical trials has demonstrated the clinical benefits of letrozole across the spectrum of hormone-responsive breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
ELISA in the multiplex era: Potentials and pitfalls (2015)

Multiplex immunoassays confer several advantages over widely adopted singleplex immunoassays including increased efficiency at a reduced expense, greater output per sample volume ratios and higher throughput predicating more resolute, detailed diagnostics and facilitating personalised medicine. Nonetheless, to date, relatively few protein multiplex immunoassays have been validated for in vitro diagnostics in clinical/point-of-care settings. This review article will outline the challenges, which must be ameliorated prior to the widespread integration of multiplex immunoassays in clinical settings: (i) biomarker validation; (ii) standardisation of immunoassay design and quality control (calibration and quantification); (iii) availability, stability, specificity and cross-reactivity of reagents; (iv) assay automation and the use of validated algorithms for transformation of raw data into diagnostic results. A compendium of multiplex immunoassays applicable to in vitro diagnostics and a summary of the diagnostic products currently available commercially are included, along with an analysis of the relative states of development for each format (namely planar slide based, suspension and planar/microtitre plate based) with respect to the aforementioned issues.
Activation of the PI3'K-AKT pathway masks the proapoptotic effects of farnesyltransferase inhibitors. (1999)

Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) usually cause growth inhibition, but in certain preclinical settings they have been shown to induce apoptosis, a clinically desirable response. In this study, we show that the proapoptotic effects of FTIs in Ras-transformed cells are masked by activation of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3'K) or AKT, which are controlled by cytokines and integrins. The results implied that FTIs disrupt a signal that is crucial for survival of malignant cells, but not normal cells, if the PI3'K-AKT pathway is inactivated. Our findings have implications for clinical applications of FTIs where apoptotic responses would be preferred.
Effects of calcium dobesilate and diosmin-hesperidin on apoptosis of venous wall in primary varicose veins (2008)

Our study highlights the significance of apoptosis in varicose disorders and suggests that calcium dobesilate, which is used in the treatment of varicose veins, could be of benefit by regulating apoptosis.
Human Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing (1997)

Large-scale sequencing of the human genome is now under way (Boguski et al. 1996; Marshall and Pennisi 1996). Although at the beginning of the Genome Project, many doubted the scientific value of sequencing the entire human genome, these doubts have evaporated almost entirely (Gibbs 1995; Olson 1995). Primary reasons for generating the human genomic sequence are listed in Table 1. The approach being taken for human genomic sequencing is the same as that used for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans genomes, namely construction of overlapping arrays of large insert Escherichia coli clones, followed by complete sequencing of these clones one at a time. In this article, we outline an alternative approach to sequencing the human and other large genomes, which we argue is less costly and more informative than the clone-by-clone approach.
Progress on the preparation and characterization methods of nanosized metal oxides (2004)

According to the reports of researchers and the studies of the authors on the preparation of nanosized metal oxides,the synthesis methods and the characteristic measures often used in the preparation of nanosized metal oxides in solution were introduced. The problems of flour agglomeration and the anti-agglomeration measures that should be taken in the preparation process are discussed.
HoneyStat: Local Worm Detection Using Honeypots (2004)

Abstract. Worm detection systems have traditionally used global strategies and focused on scan rates. The noise associated with this approach requires statistical techniques and large data sets (e.g., 2 20 monitored machines) to yield timely alerts and avoid false positives. Worm detection techniques for smaller local networks have not been fully explored. We consider how local networks can provide early detection and compliment global monitoring strategies. We describe HoneyStat, which uses modified honeypots to generate a highly accurate alert stream with low false positive rates. Unlike traditional highly-interactive honeypots, HoneyStat nodes are script-driven, automated, and cover a large IP space. The HoneyStat nodes generate three classes of alerts: memory alerts (based on buffer overflow detection and process management), disk write alerts (such as writes to registry keys and critical files) and network alerts. Data collection is automated, and once an alert is issued, a time segment of previous traffic to the node is analyzed. A logit analysis determines what previous network activity explains the current honeypot alert. The result can indicate whether an automated or worm attack is present. We demonstrate HoneyStat’s improvements over previous worm detection techniques. First, using trace files from worm attacks on small networks, we demonstrate how it detects zero day worms. Second, we show how it detects multi vector worms that use combinations of ports to attack. Third, the alerts from HoneyStat provide more information than traditional IDS alerts, such as binary signatures, attack vectors, and attack rates. We also use extensive (year long) trace files to show how the logit analysis produces very low false positive rates.
HER2 Status in Colorectal Cancer: Its Clinical Significance and the Relationship between HER2 Gene Amplification and Expression (2014)

This study aimed at determining the incidence and clinical implications of HER2 status in primary colorectal cancer (CRC). HER2 status was investigated in two retrospective cohorts of 365 consecutive CRC patients (cohort 1) and 174 advanced CRC patients with synchronous or metachronous distant metastasis (cohort 2). HER2 status was determined by performing dual-color silver in-situ hybridization (SISH), mRNA in-situ hybridization (ISH), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The incidence of HER2 protein overexpression (IHC 2+/3+) was approximately 6% (22 of 365 in cohort 1; 10 of 174 in cohort 2). HER2 gene amplification was observed in 5.8% of the patients from cohort 1 and 6.3% of the patients from cohort 2. HER2 gene amplification was more frequently observed in CRCs located in the rectum than in the right and left colon (P = 0.013 in cohort 1; P = 0.009 in cohort 2). HER2 status, determined by IHC, ISH, and dual-color SISH, was not significantly associated with aggressive CRC behaviour or patients' prognosis in both the cohorts. Of the combined cohort with a total of 539 cases, the concordance rate was 95.5% between dual-color SISH and IHC detection methods. On excluding equivocally immunostained cases (IHC 2+), the concordance rate was 97.7%. HER2 mRNA overtranscription, detected by ISH, significantly correlated with protein overexpression and gene amplification (P<0.001). HER2 gene amplification was identified in a minority of CRC patients with high concordance rates between dual-color SISH and IHC detection methods. Although HER2 status did not predict patients' prognosis, our findings may serve as a basis for future studies on patient selection for HER2 targeted therapy.
Data Mining Techniques: For Marketing, Sales, and Customer Support (1997)

"Data Mining Techniques thoroughly acquaints you with the new generation of data mining tools and techniques and shows you how to use them to make better business decisions. One of the first practical guides to mining business data, it describes techniques for detecting customer behavior patterns useful in formulating marketing, sales, and customer support strategies. While database analysts will find more than enough technical information to satisfy their curiosity, technically savvy business and marketing managers will find the coverage eminently accessible. Here's your chance to learn all about how leading companies across North America are using data mining to beat the competition; how each tool works, and how to pick the right one for the job; seven powerful techniques - cluster detection, memory-based reasoning, market basket analysis, genetic algorithms, link analysis, decision trees, and neural nets, and how to prepare data sources for data mining, and how to evaluate and use the results you get." "Data Mining Techniques shows you how to quickly and easily tap the gold mine of business solutions lying dormant in your information systems."--BOOK JACKET.
LVID: A Multimodal Biometrics Authentication System on Smartphones (2019)

Voice authentication is becoming increasingly popular, which offers potential benefits over knowledge and possession based authentication methods. Meanwhile, the unique features of lip movements during speaking have been proved to be useful for authentication. However, the unimodal biometric authentication systems based on either voice or lip movements have certain limitations. Voice authentication systems are prone to spoofing attacks and suffer from serious performance degradation in noisy environments. Lip movements authentication systems are unstable and are sensitive to the user's physical and psychological conditions. In this paper, we propose and implement LVID, a multimodal biometrics authentication system on smartphones, which resolves the defects of the original systems by combining the advantages of lip movements and voice. LVID simultaneously captures these two biometrics with the built-in audio devices on smartphones and fuses them at the data level. The reliable and effective features are then extracted from the fused data for authentication. LVID is practical as it requires neither cumbersome operations nor additional hardwares but only a speaker and a microphone that are commonly available on smartphones. Our experimental results with 104 participants show that LVID can achieve 95% accuracy for user authentication, and 93.47% of the attacks can be detected. It is also verified that LVID works well with different smartphones and is robust to different smartphone positions.