gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a region of human fibrinogen interacting with staphylococcal clumping factor (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of a region of human fibrinogen interacting with staphylococcal clumping factorJ. Hawiger, S. Timmons, D. D. Strong, B. A. Cottrell, M. Riley, and R. F. DoolittleCite this: Biochemistry 1982, 21, 6, 1407–1413Publication Date (Print):March 16, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 16 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00535a047https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00535a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamics of confined polymer chains (1977)

We study the motions of a single polymer chain trapped inside a very thin capillary (or slit). We incorporate all excluded volume effects and hydrodynamic interactions through a scaling analysis. We find that the Debye–Bueche approximation, which was qualitatively correct for three-dimensional dilute solutions, becomes completely incorrect for confined chains: the local fluctuations of the monomer concentration which are ignored in the Debye–Bueche picture allow for channels of easy flow of the solvent inside the chain. We obtain scaling formulas (with unknown numerical coefficients) for the diffusion constant and we also analyze the internal mode structure: inside a tube, for wavelengths larger than the diameter, we recover an unexpectedly simple structure of Rouse modes. Finally, we analyze the possibility of ’’sucking in’’ one chain inside a slightly tapered pore, by imposing a certain flow of the solvent. We find that the threshold pressure difference Δpc for aspiration of the chain depends only on the smallest diameter of the pore and is independent of the molecular mass. The magnitude of Δpc is not too large, and the experiment may be feasible.
Cell-Free DNA in Maternal Plasma: Has the Size-Distribution Puzzle Been Solved? (2010)

The detection of cell-free fetal DNA from maternal plasma and serum by Dennis Lo and colleagues at Oxford University, UK, opened an exciting route for the noninvasive determination of fetal genetic traits (1). It has proved very effective for identifying fetal genetic loci completely absent from the maternal genome, such as those on the Y chromosome or the RHD 3 (Rh blood group, D antigen) gene (2). Consequently, this approach is already being used in clinical settings for the determination of fetal sex in pregnancies at risk for X chromosome–linked disorders or fetal Rh D status in pregnancies at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn. To date, several thousand analyses have been performed in several European centers. Commercial services are in the process of being launched in the US.

The detection of fetal genetic loci less disparate from the maternal genome, such as point mutations or those involved in fetal aneuploidy, is more complex because of the preponderance of maternal cell-free DNA sequences (>90% of total cell-free DNA) (3). To overcome this problem, studies have undertaken to determine whether physical differences exist between maternal and fetal cell-free DNA fragments, specifically whether the fragments exhibit different size distributions.

In the first of these …
Application of electrogenerated triphenylmethyl anion as a base for alkylation of arylacetic esters and arylacetonitriles and isomerization of allylbenzenes (1994)

Phenylacetic esters and phenylacetonitriles were alkylated with alkyl halides, at the position α to an ester or nitrile, either at room temperature (20 °C) or at −78 °C, by making use of electrogenerated triphenylmethyl anion (trityl anion). Double-bond isomerization of allylbenzenes was also effectively accomplished by use of this electrogenerated base (EGB).
Problem-based Learning Meningkatkan Higher-order Thinking Skills Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Daha Utara dan SMPN 2 Daha Utara (2016)

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) merupakan keterampilan yang harus dimiliki siswa karena permasalahan yang ada di kehidupan nyata ( real life problems ) bersifat kompleks, banyak variabel, dan mengharuskan untuk lebih dari sekedar menghafalkan fakta atau konsep. HOTS dalam penelitian ini mencakup creating, problem solving, evaluating, analysing , dan critical thinking . Berdasarkan temuan di SMP Negeri 1 Daha Utara dan SMP Negeri 2 Daha Utara menunjukkan bahwa HOTS siswa masih sangat rendah. Problem-based learning (PBL) adalah salah satu alternatif metode pembelajaran yang berbasis penemuan ( inquiry ) sehingga aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan guru, sehingga diharap mampu meningkatkan HOTS siswa. Eksperimen semu dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah PBL berdasarkan 5 fase dari Arends (2008) mampu meningkatkan HOTS siswa yang terdiri dari 5 keterampilan menurut Brookhart (2010). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PBL di kelas VIII pada kedua sekolah meningkat, dengan peningkatan maksimal pada keterampilan analysing .
Teachers' Work in the Global Culture of Performance (2000)

Increasingly teachers find themselves working in the rarefied atmosphere of high-stakes testing. In Alberta, as in the rest of the industrialized world, the impulse to increase the monitoring and surveillance of student performance grows unabated. What are the impacts on teachers' work amid the growth of this culture of performance? Although internationally there are many debates around the issue of high-stakes testing, relatively little has been written about the lived experiences of teachers in this area. Drawing on a general review of the literature on teachers' classroom responses to high-stakes testing, this article argues that it is time to develop a framework for understanding the particular localized ways that teachers respond to the global culture of performance.
Differential efficacy of escitalopram and nortriptyline on dimensional measures of depression (2009)

The three symptom dimensions provided sensitive descriptors of differential antidepressant response and enabled identification of drug-specific effects.
<title>Distribution and photobleaching of photosensitizer chlorophyll derivative (CPD) in SMCF7 cancer cells</title> (2007)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising new treatment modality for several diseases, most notably cancer. In PDT, light, O2, and photosensitizer are combined to produce a selective therapeutic effect. Chlorophyll derivative photosensitizer(CPD) is the class of new photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy ( PDT) . And to date, little is known about the interaction between the photosensitizer and the inner parts of tumor cell in PDT. A fluorescent microscopy and imaging study on CPD was performed. To observe the dynamic process of how the photosensitizer (CPD) enters the tumor cell and intracellular distribution of CPD in tumor cells, we used confocal laser scan microscopy(CLSM) under one-photon excitation induced by a 488nm Ar+ laser. We also obtained the fluorescence photobleaching of CPD in cells with varied intensity of excitation laser(488nm). By means of CLSM, we found most of the photosensitize CPD distribute in on nuclear membrane but few in nuclear.
Accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments and increase in apoptosis-specific protein and phosphorylated c-Jun induced by proteasome inhibitors (2000)

The ubiquitin-proteasome system has been regarded as being important in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, although its exact role remains uncertain. This in vitro study using PC12h cell cultures examined whether interference with the ubiquitin-proteasome system by proteasome inhibitors induces the neuropathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. Perikaryal accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments and an increase in c-Jun as well as phosphorylated form of c-Jun and apoptosis-specific protein were induced by the proteasome inhibitors lactacystin and N-carbobenzoxy-leucyl-leucyl-leucinal. These changes were not observed when only calpain was inhibited. The present study therefore suggests the possibility that a perturbation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system may be one of the causes that result in the development of neuropathological features. Additionally, activity assays showed that the proteasome inhibitor caused an increase in the activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK/SAPK), which can phosphorylate neurofilaments and c-Jun, suggesting the possible involvement of JNK in phosphorylation of these proteins.
A new approach to CT pixel‐based photon dose calculations in heterogeneous media (1983)

The effects of small cavities on dose in water and the dose in a homogeneous nonunit density medium illustrate that inhomogeneities do not act independently in photon dose perturbation, and serve as two constraints which should be satisfied by approximate methods of computed tomography (CT) pixel-based dose calculations. Current methods at best satisfy only one of the two constraints and show inadequacies in some intermediate geometries. We have developed an approximate method that satisfies both these constraints and treats much of the synergistic effect of multiple inhomogeneities correctly. The method calculates primary and first-scatter doses by first-order ray tracing with the first-scatter contribution augmented by a component of second scatter that behaves like first scatter. Multiple-scatter dose perturbation values extracted from small cavity experiments are used in a function which approximates the small residual multiple-scatter dose. For a wide range of geometries tested, our method agrees very well with measurements. The average deviation is less than 2% with a maximum of 3%. In comparison, calculations based on existing methods can have errors larger than 10%.
Effects of Influenza A Nucleoprotein on Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Function (1996)

Infection with influenza virus is commonly associated with polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMNL) dysfunction and consequent secondary bacterial pneumonia. A recently isolated human-derived protein that inhibits PMNL chemotaxis and oxidant production shows a striking homology to the influenza A nucleoprotein. In the present study, the effects of purified influenza A nucleoprotein on PMNL chemotaxis, oxidant production, degranulation, and calcium homeostasis were studied. Results of the study demonstrate that purified nucleoprotein inhibits PMNL chemotaxis as well as superoxide production. In addition, purified nucleoprotein induces a rise in PMNL cytosolic calcium concentration in a manner similar to that demonstrated for crude influenza A lysates. In contrast, no difference in FMLP-stimulated PMNL elastase or beta glucuronidase release was noted after exposure to nucleoprotein. These studies suggest that the influenza A nucleoprotein may account for some of the neutrophil defect associated with cellular infection by this virus.
Antibodies from patients with autoimmune disease react with a cytoplasmic antigen in the Golgi apparatus. (1984)

In this study we report the identification of an antibody in the sera of some patients with autoimmune disease that reacted with a cytoplasmic antigen localized within the Golgi apparatus. The antibody reacted with all tissues investigated, which included pancreas, kidney, testis, liver, thymus, and spleen. In addition, it reacted with some human peripheral circulating lymphocytes, murine peritoneal macrophages, and a variety of tissue culture cell lines, which included HEp-2 cells (human epithelial carcinoma), baby hamster kidney cells, a canine thymus cell line, a primary kidney cell line, Ehrlich ascites cells, Wil-2 cells, and Raji cells. The antigen is located in the same region stained by the histochemical reaction for thiamine pyrophosphatase, thus indicating that the antigen is located within the Golgi apparatus. The antigen was not demonstrated by immunodiffusion of saline extracts of rabbit thymus, pancreas, or liver. The antigen in HEp-2 cells was resistant to RNase A, DNase I, micrococcal nuclease, and to extraction with 0.1 N HC1, but was sensitive to trypsin and Proteinase K. Eight patients with anti-Golgi antibodies have been identified. Six of the eight had systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoantibodies to a Golgi apparatus antigen might serve as a useful biologic marker to study the functional relationship of the Golgi apparatus to lymphocytes and macrophages.
Novel thermally reversible hydrogel as detachable cell culture substrate (1998)

A novel UV crosslinkable co-polymer of 4-(N-cinnamoylcarbamide)methylstyrene (CCMS) and N-isopropylacrylamide (IPAAm) was partially entrapped in traditional tissue-culture-treated polystyrene and crosslinked by UV light irradiation. Dishes modified by this method showed a change in contact angle with respect to temperature as compared to tissue culture polystyrene controls. Surface chemical analysis indicated that the crosslinked hydrogel does not detach from the surface after successive rinsing in ethanol and water, keeping the cells or cell construct free of unwanted soluble polymer after detachment. Cultures of both bovine endothelium and human retinal pigmented epithelium were confirmed to be able to attach and grow on the polymer-modified surfaces morphologically identical to that on control tissue culture polystyrene surfaces. Corresponding to a change in temperature, these cultures would detach and could be transplanted to another culture surface without functional and structural changes. These results show that the new, photo-crosslinkable hydrogel system can utilize the hydrophobic/hydrophilic change of the surface for cell culture detachment while being permanently applicable to any tissue culture geometry. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 40, 631–639, 1998.
Building an accounting infrastructure for the Internet (2002)

This paper explores the issues involved in providing of an accounting infrastructure for the Internet. It first argues that accounting, absent in the current Internet architecture, is crucial to the success of the Internet in the future. Then it focuses mainly on the design issues involved in such provision. Finally, it provides a possible scheme in implementing such an accounting infrastructure.
Insulin receptor/IGF-I receptor hybrids are widely distributed in mammalian tissues: quantification of individual receptor species by selective immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting (1997)

The insulin receptor (IR) and type 1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) receptor (IGFR) are both widely expressed in mammalian tissues, and are known to be capable of heteromeric assembly as insulin/IGF hybrid receptors, in addition to the classically described receptors. By selective immunoadsorption of radioligand/receptor complexes and by immunoblotting we have determined the fraction of insulin receptors and IGF receptors occurring as hybrids in different tissues. Microsomal membranes were isolated from tissue homogenates and solubilized with Triton X-100. Solubilized receptors were incubated with 125I-IGF-I, and radioligand/receptor complexes bound by IR-specific and IGFR-specific monoclonal antibodies were quantified. The fraction of IGF-I binding sites behaving as hybrids (anti-IR-bound/anti-IGFR-bound) was approx. 40% in liver and spleen, 70% in placenta, and 85-90% in skeletal muscle and heart, similar results being obtained in rabbit and human tissues. There was no correlation between the proportion of hybrids and the ratio of 125I-insulin/125I-IGF-I binding in different tissues. The fraction of 125I-insulin bound to hybrids was too low for accurate quantification, because of the relatively low affinity of hybrids for insulin. The fraction of insulin receptors present in hybrids was therefore determined by immunoblotting. Receptors in solubilized human placental microsomal membranes were precipitated with IR-specific or IGFR-specific monoclonal antibodies, and after SDS/PAGE, blots were prepared and probed with IR-specific and IGFR-specific antisera. It was found that 15% of IR and 80% of IGFR were present in hybrids. Consistent with these figures, the overall level of IR was estimated, by blotting with the respective antibodies at concentrations shown to give equal signals with equal amounts of receptor, to be 4-fold greater than IGFR. Overall it was concluded that a significant fraction of both IR and IGFR occurs as hybrids in most mammalian tissues, including those that are recognized targets of insulin and IGF action. The fraction of hybrids in different tissues was not a simple function of the relative levels of IR and IGFR, possibly because of heterogeneity of receptor expression in different cell types. However, in placenta the proportions of IR, IGFR and hybrids were consistent with a process of random assembly reflecting the molar ratio of IR and IGFR half-receptors.
Endothelial selectins regulate skin wound healing in cooperation with L-selectin and ICAM-1 (2007)

Skin wound healing is mediated by inflammatory cell infiltration that is highly regulated by various adhesion molecules. Mice lacking intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) delayed skin wound healing and mice lacking both L-selectin and ICAM-1 (L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-)) show more delayed wound healing. Deficiency of both endothelial selectins (E-selectin or P-selectin) also delays wound healing. However, the relative contribution and interaction of selectins and ICAM-1 to the wound healing remain unknown. To clarify them, repair of excisional wounds was examined in L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-) mice, wild-type mice with both E- and P-selectin blockade, and L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-) mice with both E- and P-selectin blockade. Wild-type mice with both E- and P-selectin blockade showed delayed wound healing that was comparable with that in L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-) mice. Combined E- and P-selectin blockade in L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-) mice resulted in more significant delay. Mice lacking or blocked for adhesion molecules also showed suppressed keratinocyte migration, angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, leukocyte infiltration, and cytokine expression, including transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-6. Application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) but not platelet-derived growth factor to the wounds significantly improved wound healing in L-selectin/ICAM-1(-/-) mice with both E- and P-selectin blockade. bFGF significantly increased the leukocyte infiltration and subsequent fibrogenic cytokine production, as well as keratinocyte migration, angiogenesis, and collagen synthesis despite the loss of four kinds of adhesion molecules. These results indicate that skin wound healing is regulated cooperatively by all selectins and ICAM-1 and may provide critical information for the therapy of skin wounds.
Regulation of telomerase by alternate splicing of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in normal and neoplastic ovary, endometrium and myometrium (2000)

Telomerase extends telomeric repeats at the ends of linear chromosomes, thereby prolonging the replicative capacity of cells. To investigate possible regulatory mechanisms of telomerase, we measured telomerase enzyme activity, human telomerase RNA (hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in normal and neoplastic ovary, endometrium and myometrium. Telomerase activity was detected in most malignancies and in normal endometrium but not in myometrial leiomyoma, normal myometrium or normal ovary. hTR was expressed in all tissue samples. hTERT mRNA was expressed in many tissue samples, and no tissue sample exhibited telomerase activity without expressing hTERT mRNA. However, the presence of hTR and hTERT mRNA was not sufficient for telomerase activity. Alternate splicing of hTERT produced mRNAs lacking critical reverse transcriptase (RT) motifs in both normal and neoplastic tissues. Only tissues expressing hTERT containing complete A and B RT motifs demonstrated telomerase activity. Finally, several normal ovarian tissues and myometrial leiomyomas lacked telomerase activity despite expressing hTR and hTERT containing complete A and B RT motifs. This was not seen in ovarian and myometrial malignancies, where the expression of hTR and hTERT containing complete A and B RT motifs was sufficient for telomerase activity. We conclude that in ovarian and uterine tissues, the presence of a functional telomerase complex is regulated at multiple levels, including hTERT transcription and alternative splicing of hTERT transcripts. The lack of telomerase activity in several normal but not malignant tissues expressing hTR and hTERT containing complete A and B RT motifs suggests that there are further mechanisms for suppressing telomerase activity downstream of hTERT transcription and mRNA splicing, and these mechanisms have been lost during neoplastic transformation. Int. J. Cancer 85:330–335, 2000.©2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Characterization ofEnterococcus faecalisAlkaline Phosphatase and Use in IdentifyingStreptococcus agalactiaeSecreted Proteins (1999)

We have identified and characterized an Enterococcus faecalis alkaline phosphatase (AP, encoded by phoZ). The predicted gene product shows homology with alkaline phosphatases from a variety of species; it has especially high similarity with two alkaline phosphatases from Bacillus subtilis. Expression of phoZ in Escherichia coli, E. faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS]), or Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]) produces a blue-colony phenotype on plates containing a chromogenic substrate, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate (XP or BCIP). Two tests were made to determine if the activity of the enzyme is dependent upon the enzyme's subcellular location. First, elimination of the signal sequence reduced AP activity to 3% of the wild-type activity (or less) in three species of gram-positive bacteria. Restoration of export, using the signal sequence from C5a peptidase, restored AP activity to at least 50% of that of the wild type. Second, we engineered two chimeric proteins in which AP was fused to either a periplasmic domain or a cytoplasmic domain of lactose permease (a membrane protein). In E. coli, the periplasmic fusion had 17-fold-higher AP activity than the cytoplasmic fusion. We concluded that AP activity is export dependent. The signal sequence deletion mutant, phoZDeltass, was used to identify random genomic fragments from GBS that encode exported proteins or integral membrane proteins. Included in this set of fragments were genes that exhibited homology with the Rib protein (a cell wall protein from GBS) or with DppB (an integral membrane protein from GAS). AP acts as a reporter enzyme in GBS, GAS, and E. faecalis and is expected to be useful in a variety of gram-positive bacteria.