gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L) Reduces Postprandial Glycemia in Nondiabetic Subjects and Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2000)

American ginseng attenuated postprandial glycemia in both study groups. For nondiabetic subjects, to prevent unintended hypoglycemia it may be important that the American ginseng be taken with the meal.
In vitro Augmentation of Natural Killer Cell Activity and Production of Interferon‐α/β and ‐γ with Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1988)

A nucleic acid-rich fraction extracted and purified from BCG (MY-1) augmented natural killer (NK) cell activity of mouse spleen cells in vitro, and produced factor(s) which showed anti-viral activity and rendered normal macrophages cytotoxic towards tumor cells. These cellular responses were induced by the MY-1 digested preliminarily with RNase, but not by the MY-1 digested with DNase, indicating that DNA contained in MY-1 was essential for the responses. The function of the factor to activate macrophages was destroyed by treatment with a small amount of anti-interferon (IFN)-gamma antiserum or under acidic conditions (pH 2), but not by treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antiserum, while the anti-viral activity was destroyed almost completely by treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antiserum. It appears that DNA from BCG stimulated mouse spleen cells in vitro, resulting in augmentation of NK activity and production of IFN-alpha/beta and -gamma.
Seizure Clustering during Epilepsy Monitoring (2002)

Seizure clustering during epilepsy monitoring is common. Risk factors include history of clustering at home, MTS on MRI, and possibly more than one seizure focus. In this study, seizures that occurred in clusters had as important a role in localization as did nonclustered seizures.
Targeted α particle immunotherapy for myeloid leukemia (2002)

Unlike beta particle-emitting isotopes, alpha emitters can selectively kill individual cancer cells with a single atomic decay. HuM195, a humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody, specifically targets myeloid leukemia cells and has activity against minimal disease. When labeled with the beta-emitters (131)I and (90)Y, HuM195 can eliminate large leukemic burdens in patients, but it produces prolonged myelosuppression requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at high doses. To enhance the potency of native HuM195 yet avoid the nonspecific cytotoxicity of beta-emitting constructs, the alpha-emitting isotope (213)Bi was conjugated to HuM195. Eighteen patients with relapsed and refractory acute myelogenous leukemia or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia were treated with 10.36 to 37.0 MBq/kg (213)Bi-HuM195. No significant extramedullary toxicity was seen. All 17 evaluable patients developed myelosuppression, with a median time to recovery of 22 days. Nearly all the (213)Bi-HuM195 rapidly localized to and was retained in areas of leukemic involvement, including the bone marrow, liver, and spleen. Absorbed dose ratios between these sites and the whole body were 1000-fold greater than those seen with beta-emitting constructs in this antigen system and patient population. Fourteen (93%) of 15 evaluable patients had reductions in circulating blasts, and 14 (78%) of 18 patients had reductions in the percentage of bone marrow blasts. This study demonstrates the safety, feasibility, and antileukemic effects of (213)Bi-HuM195, and it is the first proof-of-concept for systemic targeted alpha particle immunotherapy in humans.
The Effectiveness of the Teens Reaching Youth 4-H Model in a Childhood Nutrition and Physical Activity Education Program (2021)

Childhood obesity rates are on the rise. There are detrimental physical and psychological health effects associated with childhood obesity. Society needs proven methods of delivering nutrition and physical activity education to children. The Teens Reaching Youth (TRY) 4-H model has been shown to be effective at delivering curriculum in a variety of topics. To assess the effectiveness of the TRY 4-H model at delivering nutrition and physical activity education to youth, grades third through sixth. The program's objectives were to increase youth participants' nutritional knowledge, improve youth participants' eating and fitness habits, and improve leadership and life skills of the teens involved in the TRY 4-H program. We compared three groups of youth grades third through sixth in Northern Utah. We looked at the youth's nutrition knowledge and food preferences as well as their parents/guardians' behaviors. Then two of the groups participated in a nutrition and physical activity education program. One group was taught by TRY 4-H teams and the other group was taught by adult volunteers from the community. After participating in the program, the youth's nutrition knowledge and food preferences and their parents/guardians' behaviors were re-assessed. The control group was unavailable for re-assessment due to limited access. Teen leadership was assessed using a teen leadership and life skills assessment tool. At baseline, the three samples had no statistical differences. The TRY 4-H treatment and Adult Volunteer treatment were found to produce statistically similar nutrition knowledge out-comes. Parents/guardians reported improvements in youth participant nutrition and physical activity habits. Teen members of the TRY teams experienced an increase in leadership and life skills. Teens from the TRY 4-H program are as effective as adult volunteers at teaching younger youth about nutrition. This education delivery method should be utilized in additional communities to aid in the fight against childhood obesity.
An upstream enhancer regulating brown-fat-specific expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein gene. (1994)

Previous studies on the regulation of a Ucp minigene in transgenic mice demonstrated that the sequences necessary for brown-fat-specific expression and inducibility by norepinephrine were located in the 5' flanking region between 1 and 2.8 kb from the transcriptional start site. We have investigated this region in more detail in cultured mouse brown adipocyte tumor cells. Deletion analysis of two types of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene constructs under control of either the Ucp promoter or a heterologous herpes simplex virus-tk promoter defined an enhancer in a 220-bp HindIII-XbaI fragment which was essential for both brown fat specificity and norepinephrine inducibility. Site-directed mutagenesis of the reporter gene constructs established that independent mutations to a cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE-2) or one of two TTCC motifs (BRE [brown fat regulatory element]), all within 17 bp, eliminated transient expression. Competitive DNA mobility shift assays with probes of the CRE and BRE motifs indicate that nuclear proteins interact with these motifs in a cooperative, synergistic manner. While these CRE-BRE probes do not show changes in binding which is dependent on norepinephrine treatment, a probe containing a third TTCC motif located 130 bp downstream of BRE-1 does show this dependency. The results indicate that a complex interaction of the CRE and BRE motifs, which cannot be functionally separated, control Ucp expression.
Significance of MDR1 and multiple drug resistance in refractory human epileptic brain (2004)

Overexpression of MDR1 in different cell types in drug-resistant epileptic human brain leads to functional alterations, not all of which are linked to drug pharmacokinetics. In particular, the modulation of glioneuronal MDR1 function in epileptic brain in the presence of toxic concentrations of xenobiotics may constitute a novel cytoprotective mechanism.
A unified approach to shot change detection and camera motion characterization (1999)

This paper describes an original approach to partitioning of a video document into shots. Instead of an interframe similarity measure which is directly intensity based, we exploit image motion information, which is generally more intrinsic to the video structure itself. The proposed scheme aims at detecting all types of transitions between shots using a single technique and the same parameter set, rather than a set of dedicated methods. The proposed shot change detection method is related to the computation, at each time instant, of the dominant image motion represented by a two-dimensional affine model. More precisely, we analyze the temporal evolution of the size of the support associated to the estimated dominant motion. Besides, the computation of the global motion model supplies by-products, such as qualitative camera motion description, which we describe in this paper, and other possible extensions, such as mosaicing and mobile zone detection. Results on videos of various content types are reported and validate the proposed approach.
Metformin; a review of its history and future: from lilac to longevity (2017)

Metformin is a widely prescribed medication that has been used to treat children with type 2 diabetes in the United States for the past 15 years. Metformin now has a variety of clinical applications in pediatrics, and its potential clinical uses continue to expand. In addition to reviewing the current understanding of its mechanisms of action including the newly discovered effects on the gastrointestinal tract, we will also discuss current clinical uses in pediatrics, including in type 1 diabetes. Finally, we examine the existing state of monitoring for metformin efficacy and side effects and discuss prospective future clinical uses.
CRHR1 Antagonists as Novel Treatment Strategies (2001)

Research has provided considerable evidence for the hypothesis that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the key central coordinator of stress-hormone homeostasis, also plays a role in the development and course of depression and anxiety disorders. Studies using animal models of anxiety, as well as mouse mutants, in which the gene coding for the CRH type 1 receptor (CRHR1) was genetically deleted supported the notion that enhanced CRH/CRHR1 signaling underlies depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore, a number of small nonpeptide molecules that antagonize CRHR1 have been developed. In animal models, these molecules had anxiolytic and other stress-alleviating effects. An initial clinical study showed that CRHR1 antagonism has beneficial effects on depression and anxiety symptoms at doses unharmful to neuroendocrine stress responsivity.
Enzyme Multilayers on Colloid Particles:  Assembly, Stability, and Enzymatic Activity (2000)

Colloidal biocatalysts, comprising polystyrene (PS) carrier particles coated with enzyme multilayers, were fabricated via the layer-by-layer self-assembly method. Glucose oxidase (GOD), horseradish peroxidase (POD), or preformed enzyme−polyelectrolyte complexes were assembled in alternation with oppositely charged polyelectrolytes onto PS particles. Microelectrophoresis, single-particle light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed stepwise growth of the multilayer films on the colloid particles. The high surface area enzyme multilayer-coated particles were successfully employed as specific enzyme reactors (i.e., as catalysts). Whereas no loss in activity was observed for the enzymes immobilized directly onto particle surfaces, precomplexing the enzymes with polymer in solution drastically reduced their activity (by up to 70%). The enzymatic activity (per particle) was found to increase with the number of enzyme layers immobilized, irrespective of whether the enzyme was precomplexed. However, particles coated with preformed enzyme−polyelectrolyte complexes displayed a significantly lower enzymatic activity than those fabricated by the direct adsorption of free enzyme. Multicomponent films of GOD and POD on colloid particles were also prepared, and sequential enzymatic catalysis was demonstrated. Furthermore, experiments were conducted with particles exhibiting both magnetic and catalytic functions. These particles, premodified with a layer of magnetic nanoparticles to impart a magnetic property and subsequently coated with enzyme multilayers, were repeatedly used as catalysts following their rapid and easy separation with a magnet. Such biocolloids are expected to find applications in biotechnology.
Shortest Connection Networks And Some Generalizations (1957)

The basic problem considered is that of interconnecting a given set of terminals with a shortest possible network of direct links. Simple and practical procedures are given for solving this problem both graphically and computationally. It develops that these procedures also provide solutions for a much broader class of problems, containing other examples of practical interest.
Identification and Localization of Alternately Spliced mRNAs for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Uterus and Estrogen Regulation in Endometrial Carcinoma Cell Lines1 (1993)

Repair of human endometrium after menstruation and preparation of the endometrium for implantation involves profound angiogenic changes. Vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) is a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties. Four species of mRNA encoding VEGFs were identified in human endometrium and myometrium. All species were present throughout the menstrual cycle. Two species, VEGF165 and VEGF121, were present in peripheral leukocytes, indicating tissue-specific splicing of the two other VEGF transcripts. In situ hybridization of mRNA encoding VEGF was not restricted to vascular smooth muscle but was present in epithelial and stromal cells of endometrium throughout the cycle, and the distribution changed during the course of the cycle. All four species of VEGF were expressed by the endometrial carcinoma cell lines Ishikawa, HEC 1-A, and HEC 1-B. Estradiol increased steady-state levels of mRNA encoding VEGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HEC 1-A cells. Conditioned medium from these cells possessed angiogenic activity that was depleted by passage through a heparin affinity column. None of the cell lines demonstrated mRNA for acidic or basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF), despite previous reports of the identification of immunoreactive basic FGF in HEC 1-A and HEC 1-B cells. These findings show that VEGFs, not FGFs, are the principal angiogenic growth factors secreted by these cells and that human endometrium expresses a secreted angiogenic growth factor whose site of expression changes during the menstrual cycle.
Multi-signatures in the plain public-Key model and a general forking lemma (2006)

A multi-signature scheme enables a group of signers to produce a compact, joint signature on a common document, and has many potential uses. However, existing schemes impose key setup or PKI requirements that make them impractical, such as requiring a dedicated, distributed key generation protocol amongst potential signers, or assuming strong, concurrent zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge of secret keys done to the CA at key registration. These requirements limit the use of the schemes. We provide a new scheme that is proven secure in the plain public-key model, meaning requires nothing more than that each signer has a (certified) public key. Furthermore, the important simplification in key management achieved is not at the cost of efficiency or assurance: our scheme matches or surpasses known ones in terms of signing time, verification time and signature size, and is proven secure in the random-oracle model under a standard (not bilinear map related) assumption. The proof is based on a simplified and general Forking Lemma that may be of independent interest.
Hedgehog signalling in skin development and cancer (2006)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy, affecting 750,000 Americans each year. The understanding of mutations that are known to activate hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway genes, including PATCHED (PTCH), sonic hedgehog (Shh) and smoothened (Smo), has substantially expanded our current understanding of the genetic basis of BCC development. The Hh signalling pathway is one of the most fundamental signal transduction pathways in embryonic development. In skin, the Shh pathway is crucial for maintaining stem cell population, and for regulating hair follicle and sebaceous gland development. This pathway plays a minimal role in adult tissues, but is known to be activated in many neoplasms, including those arising in the skin. In this review, we attempt to summarize the results of published studies on some important aspects of the Shh pathway and its involvement in skin development and carcinogenesis. We also provide a description of various animal models that have been developed, based on our knowledge of the Shh pathway in human skin cancers. Additionally, we include a brief description of studies conducted in our laboratory and by others on the chemoprevention of BCCs. This review therefore provides a current understanding of the role of the Shh pathway in skin development and neoplasia. It also provides a basis for the molecular target-based chemoprevention and therapeutic management of skin cancer.
Transformation ofLactobacillus plantarumby electroporation with in vitro modified plasmid DNA (2004)

An improved method for the electrotransformation of Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 220 (ATCC 8014) with plasmid DNA isolated from Escherichia coli is described. The two main modifications with respect to existing methods are: (i) isolation of plasmid DNA from E. coli JM110 grown in minimal medium and (ii) in vitro modification of the DNA by cell-free extracts of the host L. plantarum. Optimal electrotransformation was obtained with exponentially growing cells of L. plantarum concentrated to 6x10(9) cfu ml-1, with electric pulses of 13 kV cm-1 in cuvettes with 1 mm inter-electrode distance. We consider that this method constitutes a useful tool for routine manipulation of L. plantarum, and can probably be extended to other lactic acid bacteria.
Network architecture and signaling for wireless personal communications (1993)

A distributed microcellular architecture based on the IEEE 802.6 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is proposed, and is shown to meet anticipated personal communications service (PCS) needs. A method is presented to calculate MAN coverage in urban areas, and is used to demonstrate coverage of approximately 50 city blocks per MAN. A distributed subscriber database architecture is proposed to facilitate call setup, tracking of roamers and handoffs. To fully utilize MAN bandwidth, a quick method for the heat stations to switch on/off isochronous slots is proposed to facilitate adaptation to PCS traffic level variations. Call setup and handoff procedures are detailed. The PCS signaling overhead is calculated to be 15% of the capacity required to carry voice traffic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Large-scale multiple antenna fixed wireless systems for rural areas (2012)

Multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) has a potential to realize cost effective high data rate internet access to the homes in rural areas. We propose the novel Ngara Access system where the central access point (AP) is equipped with a uniform circular array (UCA) installed on a high tower while each UT is equipped with a directional antenna free of clutter, providing predominantly line-of-sight (LoS) channel environment. Using a three dimensional geometric optics based channel model, we provide bit error probability simulation results which show that the spectral efficiency of the proposed system can be improved linearly as a function of the number of antenna elements at AP, without increasing the total transmitting power, provided a half wavelength antenna spacing is maintained and user groups of four or more are used to avoid ill-conditioned channel. Hardware demonstrators based on the proposed system have achieved the system spectral efficiency of 20 bits/s/Hz in an actual rural environment and of 67 bits/s/Hz in a laboratory environment at a lower UHF band.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Design of the Active Damping for an LCL-Filter Three-Phase Active Rectifier (2004)

Active rectifiers/inverters are becoming used more and more often in regenerative systems and distributed power systems. Typically, the interface between the grid and rectifier is either an inductor or an LCL-filter. The use of an LCL-filter mitigates the switching ripple injected in the grid by a three-phase active rectifier. However, stability problems can arise in the current control loop. In order to overcome them, a damping resistor can be inserted, at the price of a reduction of efficiency. The use of active damping by means of control may seem attractive but it is often limited by the use of more sensors compared to the standard control and also by a complex tuning procedure of the controllers. This paper introduces a new active damping method that does not require the use of more sensors. It consists of adding a filter on the reference voltage for the modulator. The tuning process of this filter is easily done, for a wide range of sampling frequencies, with the use of genetic algorithms. This method is used only for the optimum choice of the parameters in the filter and an on-line implementation is not needed. Thus the resulting active damping solution does not need new sensors or complex calculations. Moreover, in the paper particular attention is devoted to the susceptibility of the system in a high polluting environment.
Characterization of the Histamine H4Receptor Binding Site. Part 1. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Dibenzodiazepine Derivatives (2006)

A series of dibenzodiazepine derivatives was synthesized to probe the binding site of the recently discovered histamine H4 receptor (H4R). Optimization of the lead structure clozapine (2) resulted in (E)-7-chloro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine (7j), a potent H4R agonist (H4R, pKi = 7.6). Pharmacological data suggests that the series of nonimidazole compounds can be used to describe the orthosteric binding site of the H4R because both 2 and 7j displace [3H]histamine in a competitive manner. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the effects of 7j are competitively antagonized by the selective H4R antagonist JNJ 7777120 (1), indicating considerable overlap of their binding sites. On the basis of the derived structure-activity relationships and additional pharmacological results, a pharmacophore model was constructed, which will be the premise for the design of novel H4R ligands.
Nozzle design parameters and their effects on rapid sample delivery in flow cytometry (2002)

The model along with modifications to commercial equipment will allow rapid mix flow cytometry to analyze reactions in time frames threefold shorter than previously possible. The model allows for nozzle design predictions that should allow for analysis in the millisecond time frame. Furthermore, these findings are general for all rapid delivery applications, including high throughput flow cytometry.
The prognostic impact of consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) and its predictive effects for bevacizumab benefit in metastatic colorectal cancer: molecular analysis of the AGITG MAX clinical trial (2018)

This is a molecular sub-study of MAX clinical trial (NCT00294359).
Properties and Potential of Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree, Azadirachta Indica (1990)

Les substances derivees du «neem», efficaces contre les insectes sont examines (influence sur le comportement de fixation, la ponte, la prise de nourriture, la metamorphose, la fecondite, la fitners) ainsi que les capacites potentielles des insecticides extraits du neem pour le controle des insectes nuisibles et leurs effets sur les animaux a sang chaud et sur l'homme