gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Both tumor necrosis factor receptor types mediate proliferative signals in human mononuclear cell activation (1992)

TNF is a highly pleiotropic cytokine. The recent identification of two distinct cellular receptors for TNF may provide explanations for the many different TNF activities. We have investigated the expression of the two receptor types, TNFR alpha (75 kDa) and TNFR beta (55 kDa), in human PBMC. Both receptors were found simultaneously expressed by cytofluorimetric, radioligand binding and Northern analysis of naive as well as PHA-activated PBMC. The expression levels in the CD14+ and CD14- subsets were different. Both receptors were strongly expressed in the CD14+ subset. The expression of the receptors in the CD14-, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ subsets was lower and similar among these subsets, but TNFR alpha was expressed at higher level than TNFR beta. To dissect the functional roles of the two receptors, we studied the growth factor activity of TNF in the late proliferative responses of PBMC to PHA. In the first approach, the activity of either receptor was blocked by neutralizing, receptor type specific antibodies. In a second approach, the ligand, TNF, was inhibited by a neutralizing antiserum, and the cells were restimulated using type-specific anti-TNFR antibodies with agonistic activity. It was found that both receptor types mediated signals required for proliferative responses of PBMC to PHA from day 4 to day 8 in culture. The cell responses to the activation of either receptor type appeared to be independent, because one receptor could not compensate for the reduction in cell activation caused by blocking the other receptor type.
A Phase II safety and effect on time to tumor progression study of intratumoral light infusion technology using talaporfin sodium in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (2007)

The Litx system was shown to be safe for treating liver metastases from colorectal cancer and there was no cumulative toxicity when combined with standard systemic therapy. Preliminary assessments of TTP and tumor response rate justify further evaluation in a Phase III follow-up study.
Synthesis, Structure−Activity Relationships, and Characterization of Novel Nonsteroidal and Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (2009)

Herein we describe the discovery of ACP-105 (1), a novel and potent nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) with partial agonist activity relative to the natural androgen testosterone. Compound 1 was developed from a series of compounds found in a HTS screen using the receptor selection and amplification technology (R-SAT). In vivo, 1 improved anabolic parameters in a 2-week chronic study in castrated male rats. In addition to compound 1, a number of potent antiandrogens were discovered from the same series of compounds whereof one compound, 13, had antagonist activity at the AR T877A mutant involved in prostate cancer.
The mast cell tumor necrosis factor α response to FimH-expressingEscherichia coliis mediated by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule CD48 (1999)

Mast cells are well known for their harmful role in IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, but their physiological role remains a mystery. Several recent studies have reported that mast cells play a critical role in innate immunity in mice by releasing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) to recruit neutrophils to sites of enterobacterial infection. In some cases, the mast cell TNF-alpha response was triggered when these cells directly bound FimH on the surface of Escherichia coli. We have identified CD48, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule, to be the complementary FimH-binding moiety in rodent mast cell membrane fractions. We showed that (i) pretreatment of mast cell membranes with antibodies to CD48 or phospholipase C inhibited binding of FimH+ E. coli, (ii) FimH+ E. coli but not a FimH- derivative bound isolated CD48 in a mannose-inhibitable manner, (iii) binding of FimH+ bacteria to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was markedly increased when these cells were transfected with CD48 cDNA, and (iv) antibodies to CD48 specifically blocked the mast cell TNF-alpha response to FimH+ E. coli. Thus, CD48 is a functionally relevant microbial receptor on mast cells that plays a role in triggering inflammation.
Enhancement of surface plasmons in an Ag aggregate by optical gain in a dielectric medium (2006)

We have observed the compensation of loss in a metal by a gain in a dielectric medium in the mixture of an Ag aggregate and a Rhodamine 6G dye. The demonstrated sixfold enhancement of the Rayleigh scattering is the evidence of the enhancement of the surface-plasmon resonance. The reported experimental observation facilitates many applications of nanoplasmonics.
Selecting an ILMS for a future you can't imagine (2004)

The changing nature of the ILMS selection process is examined in light of factors such as user expectations and behaviour, emerging technologies and standards, and the evolution of new business models.The paper focuses on core ILMS functionalities rather than federated searching and other related products. The authors include a brief discussion of the experiences of Bond University Library in reviewing current options in the ILMS The library and information sector is in the midst of an era of rapid change. Developments in technology and the associated social changes are presenting new challenges and opening new possibilities. The procurement of a new ILMS is a rare opportunity to take on some of these challenges and realise some of these possibilities. The focus of this paper is how the selection
Photoelectrochemical etching of Si and porous Si in aqueous HF (2000)

The irradiation of n-type Si(111) submerged in HF(aq) with a UV, visible or IR laser can lead to the formation of photoluminescent porous silicon (por-Si) thin films. We demonstrate that two distinct photoelectrochemical etching processes are induced by illumination: anisotropic etching, which leads to pore formation and propagation, and isotropic etching, which removes por-Si. As a result, both the solution/por-Si and the por-Si/c-Si interfaces assume shapes that are determined by the laser intensity profile. A counter reaction occurs in a spatially separate region of the crystal. A dark reaction between the por-Si and HF(aq) has also been observed. The photoelectrochemical reaction rates, after an initial increase, approach a constant value. The porous film increases steadily in thickness, while it continues to descend deeper into the crystalline Si. We discuss a mechanism for the formation and dissolution of the por-Si which emphasizes the effects of quantum confinement within the por-Si.
Visual Balloon-Guided Point-by-Point Ablation (2010)

Using a visually guided, compliant balloon ablation catheter with point-by-point ablative capability, PV isolation can be achieved in a reliable, reproducible, and persistent manner.
Electron trapping optical memory (1989)

The three main approaches being pursued for erasable optical storage all require localized thermal excursions, which degrade the physical or chemical structure of the materials after many write/erase cycles. We recently developed a new approach to materials for optical storage, one which has the potential for improving three key aspects: data density, speed, and rewrite cycle life. This development utilizes the phenomenon of electron trapping in a class of thin film materials comprising a polycrystalline alkaline earth host doped with rare earth elements, which have been formed on various substrates.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for 5G and Beyond (2018)

Driven by the rapid escalation of the wireless capacity requirements imposed by advanced multimedia applications (e.g., ultra-high-definition video, virtual reality etc.), as well as the dramatically increasing demand for user access required for the Internet of Things (IoT), the fifth generation (5G) networks face challenges in terms of supporting large-scale heterogeneous data traffic. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), which has been recently proposed for the 3rd generation partnership projects long-term evolution advanced (3GPP-LTE-A), constitutes a promising technology of addressing the above-mentioned challenges in 5G networks by accommodating several users within the same orthogonal resource block. By doing so, significant bandwidth efficiency enhancement can be attained over conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques. This motivated numerous researchers to dedicate substantial research contributions to this field. In this context, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in power-domain multiplexing aided NOMA, with a focus on the theoretical NOMA principles, multiple antenna aided NOMA design, on the interplay between NOMA and cooperative transmission, on the resource control of NOMA, on the co-existence of NOMA with other emerging potential 5G techniques and on the comparison with other NOMA variants. We highlight the main advantages of power-domain multiplexing NOMA compared to other existing NOMA techniques. We summarize the challenges of existing research contributions of NOMA and provide potential solutions. Finally, we offer some design guidelines for NOMA systems and identify promising research opportunities for the future.
Polyphosphazene/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite Microsphere Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering (2008)

The nontoxic, neutral degradation products of amino acid ester polyphosphazenes make them ideal candidates for in vivo orthopedic applications. The quest for new osteocompatible materials for load bearing tissue engineering applications has led us to investigate mechanically competent amino acid ester substituted polyphosphazenes. In this study, we have synthesized three biodegradable polyphosphazenes substituted with side groups, namely, leucine, valine, and phenylalanine ethyl esters. Of these polymers, the phenylalanine ethyl ester substituted polyphosphazene showed the highest glass transition temperature (41.6 degrees C) and, hence, was chosen as a candidate material for forming composite microspheres with 100 nm sized hydroxyapatite (nHAp). The fabricated composite microspheres were sintered into a three-dimensional (3-D) porous scaffold by adopting a dynamic solvent sintering approach. The composite microsphere scaffolds showed compressive moduli of 46-81 MPa with mean pore diameters in the range of 86-145 microm. The 3-D polyphosphazene-nHAp composite microsphere scaffolds showed good osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase expression and are potential suitors for bone tissue engineering applications.
Tindakan Preventif Orang Tua Terhadap Pergaulan Bebas di Kalangan Remaja Kristen Suatu Pengamatan di GKII Efata Airmadi di Manado (2012)

Sesuai dengan permasalahan yang ada, maka tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah: Pertama, Menemukan faktor-faktor pemicu para remaja Kristen terlibat dalam pergaulan bebas. Kedua, Menjelaskan tentang bahaya- bahaya dari pergaulan bebas bagi remaja Kristen. Ketiga, Menemukan pedoman atau langkah- langkah tindakan preventif bagi orang tua agar remaja tidak terjerumus dalam pergaulan bebas. Adapun metode penulisan yang digunakan dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini untuk mendapatkan data yang diperlukan adalah: menggunakan metode wawancara dan metode penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan. Wawancara adalah salah satu bagian yang terpenting dari setiap survai. Tanpa wawancara penelitian akan kehilangan informasi yang hanya dapat di peroleh dengan jalan bertanya langsung kepada responden, wawancara merupakan suatu proses interaksi dan komunikasi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan maka penulis menarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut: Faktor pemicu yang menyebabkan remaja jatuh dalam pergaulan bebas adalah (1) Pola asuh orang tua. Pada umumnya pola asuh orang tua mengikuti tradisi yang telah ada yaitu membesarkan anak dan member fasilitas pendidikan formal, tetapi tidak memperhitungkan kebutuhan perkembangan anak yang memerlukan komunikasi tentang pendidikan seks untuk membentengi dirinya dari akibat pergaulan bebas. Karena itu dianggap tidak perlu atau “tabu” diperbincangkan sebelum sebelum anak dewasa atau menikah. (2) Perkembangan teknologi. Remaja yang tidak mendapatkan ppendidikan seks dari orang tua mudah tergiur dan terjebak oleh informasi dari dunia teknologi karena apa yang mereka dapatkan dari informasi yang terus berkembang diluar dan akibatnya teknologi tidak lagi sebagai pemberi informasi tetapi sebagai “panutan” yang menjawab kebutuhan remaja. (3) Teman sebaya. Ikatan yang kuat antara remaja dengan teman sebaya serta lingkungan mereka yang menghalalkan segala cara untuk menikmati masa remaja dapat membawa remaja kepada pergaulan bebas.
Large magnetooptical Kerr rotation with high reflectivity from photonic bandgap structures with defects (2000)

We perform a theoretical study of enhancement of magnetooptical rotation on reflection of light from a periodic system with a defect. Using calculations based on a coupled mode approach and the transfer matrix method we demonstrate that an asymmetric placing of a single defect allows arbitrary Kerr rotations with better than 99% reflectivity from very short devices.
Novel “Add-On” Molecule Based on Evans Blue Confers Superior Pharmacokinetics and Transforms Drugs to Theranostic Agents (2016)

One of the major design considerations for a drug is its pharmacokinetics in the blood. A drug with a short half-life in the blood is less available at a target organ. Such a limitation dictates treatment with either high doses or more frequent doses, both of which may increase the likelihood of undesirable side effects. To address the need for additional methods to improve the blood half-life of drugs and molecular imaging agents, we developed an "add-on" molecule that contains 3 groups: a truncated Evans blue dye molecule that binds to albumin with a low micromolar affinity and provides a prolonged half-life in the blood; a metal chelate that allows radiolabeling for imaging and radiotherapy; and maleimide for easy conjugation to drug molecules. <b>Methods:</b> The truncated Evans blue molecule was conjugated with the chelator NOTA or DOTA, and the resulting conjugate was denoted as NMEB or DMEB, respectively. As a proof of concept, we coupled NMEB and DMEB to c(RGDfK), which is a small cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide, for targeting integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> NMEB and DMEB were radiolabeled with <sup>64</sup>Cu and <sup>90</sup>Y, respectively, and tested in xenograft models. <b>Results:</b> The resulting radiolabeled conjugates showed a prolonged circulation half-life and enhanced tumor accumulation in integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>-expressing tumors. Tumor uptake was markedly improved over that with NOTA- or DOTA-conjugated c(RGDfK). Tumor radiotherapy experiments in mice with <sup>90</sup>Y-DMEB-RGD showed promising results; existing tumors were eliminated. <b>Conclusion:</b> Conjugation of our novel add-on molecule, NMEB or DMEB, to potential tracers or therapeutic agents improved blood half-life and tumor uptake and could transform such agents into theranostic entities.
Effects of flutamide as a second‐line agent for maximum androgen blockade of hormone refractory prostate cancer (2007)

We analyzed clinical effects of flutamide as a second-line agent for maximum androgen blockade (MAB) in patients with relapsing prostate cancer who received bicalutamide as the first-line MAB agent. This study included 13 patients with progressive prostate cancer who had relapsed after first-line MAB, with bicalutamide at 80 mg/day. After checking for antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome, they were given flutamide at 375 mg/day as second-line MAB. The effectiveness of that therapy was evaluated by changes in prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels, with response defined as a decrease of greater than 50% from the start of therapy. We also compared several factors between responders and non-responders. Nine (69.2%) of the 13 patients showed a decrease in PSA levels, of whom five (38.5%) had a greater than 50% decrease and were defined as responders. The median duration of PSA response was 11.0 months (range 5-20 months). Patients who had a longer duration of response to first-line MAB had a significantly greater response to second-line MAB. For advanced prostate cancer patients who progressed on first-line MAB with bicalutamide, flutamide administration as a second-line antiandrogen was found to be relatively effective, especially for those who showed a longer duration of response to the first-line MAB. Our results confirm previous findings that MAB using flutamide is an effective second-line hormonal therapy.
A 100-kilodalton protein is associated with the murine interleukin 2 receptor: biochemical evidence that p100 is distinct from the alpha and beta chains. (1990)

Two proteins that specifically bind the T-cell growth factor interleukin 2 (IL-2) have been identified previously on the surface of T cells; these proteins have been designated IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta for the alpha and beta chains of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R). The association of these independent binding proteins with each other on the surface of activated T cells correlates with the generation of high-affinity binding sites. These high-affinity sites transduce the major mitogenic signal of IL-2, yet the mechanisms of association of the alpha and beta chains with each other as well as signal transduction in response to IL-2 are unknown. Cotransfection experiments of cDNAs encoding the alpha and beta chains in T cells and fibroblasts have suggested functional requirements for other T cell-specific factor(s). We now provide biochemical evidence for a distinct 100-kDa protein that interacts with the alpha or beta chains, or both, on the surface of the IL-2-dependent cell line CTLL-2 as well as activated murine splenocytes. This same 100-kDa protein is capable of being chemically cross-linked to 125I-labeled IL-2.
The binding specificity of high and low molecular weight phosphomannosyl receptors from bovine testes. Inhibition studies with chemically synthesized 6-O-phosphorylated oligomannosides. (1991)

A series of chemically synthesized oligomannosides that contain mannose 6-phosphate residues were utilized as inhibitors of the binding of beta-galactosidase to high (CI-MPR, 215 kDa) and low (CD-MPR, 41-46 kDa) molecular mass mannose 6-phosphate receptor from bovine testes in order to probe the specificity of each receptor. Mannobioside phosphorylated in the terminal position and linked alpha(1,2) was a 6-fold better inhibitor than the corresponding alpha(1,3)- and alpha (1,6)-linked isomers. Inhibition observed with a monophosphorylated alpha(1,2)-linked mannotrioside was approximately 6-fold greater than that with the corresponding mannobioside. Penultimate glycosidic linkages of the oligomannosides played little or no role in the inhibition of binding of ligand to the receptors. Monophosphorylated oligomannosides containing phosphomonoester groups on penultimate mannose residues were not inhibitors. Binding inhibition observed for biantennary oligomannosides with phosphate on terminal mannose residues of either alpha(1,3) or alpha(1,6) chains closely approximated the values obtained with analogous trimannosides. A biantennary oligomannoside on which each antennary chain contained a terminal phosphate exhibited approximately an 8-fold greater inhibition than monophosphorylated compounds. Although the receptors exhibited similar relative specificities for phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters did not inhibit binding of ligand to CD-MPR and only weakly inhibited binding to CI-MPR.
Compendium of Grape Diseases (1989)

Compendium of grape diseases , Compendium of grape diseases , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
PowerNap (2009)

Data center power consumption is growing to unprecedented levels: the EPA estimates U.S. data centers will consume 100 billion kilowatt hours annually by 2011. Much of this energy is wasted in idle systems: in typical deployments, server utilization is below 30%, but idle servers still consume 60% of their peak power draw. Typical idle periods though frequent--last seconds or less, confounding simple energy-conservation approaches. In this paper, we propose PowerNap, an energy-conservation approach where the entire system transitions rapidly between a high-performance active state and a near-zero-power idle state in response to instantaneous load. Rather than requiring fine-grained power-performance states and complex load-proportional operation from each system component, PowerNap instead calls for minimizing idle power and transition time, which are simpler optimization goals. Based on the PowerNap concept, we develop requirements and outline mechanisms to eliminate idle power waste in enterprise blade servers. Because PowerNap operates in low-efficiency regions of current blade center power supplies, we introduce the Redundant Array for Inexpensive Load Sharing (RAILS), a power provisioning approach that provides high conversion efficiency across the entire range of PowerNap's power demands. Using utilization traces collected from enterprise-scale commercial deployments, we demonstrate that, together, PowerNap and RAILS reduce average server power consumption by 74%.
Automated Driving in Uncertain Environments: Planning With Interaction and Uncertain Maneuver Prediction (2018)

Automated driving requires decision making in dynamic and uncertain environments. The uncertainty from the prediction originates from the noisy sensor data and from the fact that the intention of human drivers cannot be directly measured. This problem is formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) with the intended route of the other vehicles as hidden variables. The solution of the POMDP is a policy determining the optimal acceleration of the ego vehicle along a preplanned path. Therefore, the policy is optimized for the most likely future scenarios resulting from an interactive, probabilistic motion model for the other vehicles. Considering possible future measurements of the surrounding cars allows the autonomous car to incorporate the estimated change in future prediction accuracy in the optimal policy. A compact representation results in a low-dimensional state-space. Thus, the problem can be solved online for varying road layouts and number of vehicles. This is done with a point-based solver in an anytime fashion on a continuous state-space. Our evaluation is threefold: At first, the convergence of the algorithm is evaluated and it is shown how the convergence can be improved with an additional search heuristic. Second, we show various planning scenarios to demonstrate how the introduction of different considered uncertainties results in more conservative planning. At the end, we show online simulations for the crossing of complex (unsignalized) intersections. We can demonstrate that our approach performs nearly as good as with full prior information about the intentions of the other vehicles and clearly outperforms reactive approaches.
Deep Variational Canonical Correlation Analysis (2016)

We present deep variational canonical correlation analysis (VCCA), a deep multi-view learning model that extends the latent variable model interpretation of linear CCA to nonlinear observation models parameterized by deep neural networks. We derive variational lower bounds of the data likelihood by parameterizing the posterior probability of the latent variables from the view that is available at test time. We also propose a variant of VCCA called VCCA-private that can, in addition to the "common variables" underlying both views, extract the "private variables" within each view, and disentangles the shared and private information for multi-view data without hard supervision. Experimental results on real-world datasets show that our methods are competitive across domains.