gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evolution of a solid state laser (2007)

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has been developing compact solid state lasers since the 1990's. One of the first lasers to be developed utilized flashlamp pumped architecture and neodymium glass as the laser gain media. In the early 2000's, a diode pumped version of the original flashlamp pumped laser was designed and built, responding to the requirements that a laser system for the military be compact in both size and weight while creating significant power (~100 kW) for the missions envisioned. This paper will discuss the evolution of solid state lasers at LLNL and provide a glimpse into the types of capabilities that could be achieved in the near future.
Bactericidal Action of Egg Yolk Phosvitin against Escherichia coli under Thermal Stress (2000)

Chicken egg yolk phosvitin showed a remarkable antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli under thermal stress at 50 degrees C. E. coli cells (10(6)/mL) completely disappeared in 1 mL of L-broth coexisting with 0.l mg/mL phosvitin when incubated at 50 degrees C for 20 min, whereas a considerable amount of cells (10(5)/mL) survived at the same thermal stress without phosvitin. Blocking of the chelating effect of phosvitin by the addition of Ca(2+) ion displayed a protective effect against the bactericidal activity at 50 degrees C. In addition, the antibacterial activity of phosvitin was dramatically reduced by treatment with alpha-chymotrypsin, although the chelating effect remained. The surface properties, such as interfacial tension and emulsifying properties of phosvitin, which are an index of the affinity with the outer membrane, were greatly reduced by the alpha-chymotrypsin digestion. This indicates that the alpha-chymotrypsin-digested membrane-penetrating hydrophobic domains at the N- and C-terminal regions play an important role in antibacterial activity. These results suggest that a significant part of the bactericidal activity of phosvitin against E. coli resides in the synergistic effect of the high metal-chelating ability and the high surface activity under the influence of thermal stress.
El clavo de olor de Delia Domínguez o ¿quién es humilde aquí? (2007)

Aproximacion a la obra Clavo de olor, de la poeta Delia Dominguez, un referente ineludible en la poesia chilena contemporanea, asi lo demuestra su inclusion en las mas importantes y rigurosas antologias. Las traducciones de sus libros al ingles y al aleman, asi como de alguno de sus textos poeticos al frances y las distinciones internacionales como el Premio Felipe Herrera y el Walt Whitman.
A Novel Fc-FGF21 With Improved Resistance to Proteolysis, Increased Affinity Toward β-Klotho, and Enhanced Efficacy in Mice and Cynomolgus Monkeys (2017)

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a natural hormone that modulates glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. Previously, we engineered an Fc fusion FGF21 variant with two mutations, Fc-FGF21(RG), to extend the half-life and reduce aggregation and in vivo degradation of FGF21. We now describe a new variant developed to reduce the extreme C-terminal degradation and improve the binding affinity to β-Klotho. We demonstrate, by introducing one additional mutation located at the C terminus of FGF21 (A180E), that the new molecule, Fc-FGF21(RGE), has gained many improved attributes. Compared with Fc-FGF21(RG), Fc-FGF21(RGE) has similar in vitro potency, preserves β-Klotho dependency, and maintains FGF receptor selectivity and cross-species reactivity. In vivo, Fc-FGF21(RGE) showed reduced susceptibility to extreme C-terminal degradation and increased plasma levels of the bioactive intact molecule. The circulating half-life of intact Fc-FGF21(RGE) increased twofold compared with that of Fc-FGF21(RG) in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. Additionally, Fc-FGF21(RGE) exhibited threefold to fivefold enhanced binding affinity to coreceptor β-Klotho across mouse, cynomolgus monkey, and human species. In obese and diabetic mouse and cynomolgus monkey models, Fc-FGF21(RGE) demonstrated greater efficacies to Fc-FGF21(RG), resulting in larger and more sustained improvements in multiple metabolic parameters. No increased immunogenicity was observed with Fc-FGF21(RGE). The superior biophysical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties, as well as the positive metabolic effects across species, suggest that further clinical development of Fc-FGF21(RGE) as a metabolic therapy for diabetic and/or obese patients may be warranted.
A rapid capsaicin-activated current in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. (1994)

A subpopulation of pain fibers are activated by capsaicin, the ingredient in red peppers that produces a burning sensation when eaten or placed on skin. Previous studies on dorsal root ganglion neurons indicated that capsaicin activates sensory nerves via a single slowly activating and inactivating inward current. In rat trigeminal neurons, we identified a second capsaicin-activated inward current. This current can be distinguished from the slow one in that it rapidly activates and inactivates, requires Ca2+ for activation, and is insensitive to the potent capsaicin agonist resiniferatoxin. The rapid current, like the slower one, is inhibited by ruthenium red and capsazepine. The two capsaicin-activated inward currents share many similarities with the two inward currents activated by lowering the pH to 6.0. These similarities include kinetics, reversal potentials, responses to Ca2+, and inhibition by ruthenium red and capsazepine. These results suggest that acidic stimuli may be an endogenous activator of capsaicin-gated currents and therefore may rationalize why pain is produced when the plasma acidity is increased, as occurs during ischemia and inflammation.
Stereospecificity in some central and circulatory effects of phenylisopropyl-adenosine (PIA). (1975)

The effects of l- and d-stereoisomers of phenylisopropyl-adenosine (PIA) were tested on the central nervous and circulatory system. In mice l-PIA in doses of 0.1--0.2 mg/kg i.p. reduced motor activity and muscular coordination, prolonged barbiturate sleeping time and exerted a hypothermic and analgetic effect. In most of these tests even 10--20 times higher doses of d-PIA proved to be ineffective. In isolated guinea-pig heart preparation l-PIA increased the coronary flow, diminished the contraction amplitude and frequency in approximately 1/20 of the doses than did d-PIA. Blood pressure of rats was markedly lowered by l-PIA in doses of 6--15 mug/kg i.v. but not by the same dose of d-PIA. There seems to be stereospecificity for PIA in various tissues and animals in vivo as well as in isolated organs. The l-isomer is usually 10--20 times more active than the d-form. In addition to stereospecificity at receptor sites, differences in lipid solubility of the stereoisomers could explain these findings.
Production of Xylitol from d -Xylose by a Xylitol Dehydrogenase Gene-Disrupted Mutant of Candida tropicalis (2006)

Xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) is one of the key enzymes in d-xylose metabolism, catalyzing the oxidation of xylitol to d-xylulose. Two copies of the XYL2 gene encoding XDH in the diploid yeast Candida tropicalis were sequentially disrupted using the Ura-blasting method. The XYL2-disrupted mutant, BSXDH-3, did not grow on a minimal medium containing d-xylose as a sole carbon source. An enzyme assay experiment indicated that BSXDH-3 lost apparently all XDH activity. Xylitol production by BSXDH-3 was evaluated using a xylitol fermentation medium with glucose as a cosubstrate. As glucose was found to be an insufficient cosubstrate, various carbon sources were screened for efficient cofactor regeneration, and glycerol was found to be the best cosubstrate. BSXDH-3 produced xylitol with a volumetric productivity of 3.23 g liter(-1) h(-1), a specific productivity of 0.76 g g(-1) h(-1), and a xylitol yield of 98%. This is the first report of gene disruption of C. tropicalis for enhancing the efficiency of xylitol production.
Variability in the urinary excretion of growth hormone in children: a comparison with other urinary proteins (1993)

As a basis for assessment of the clinical validity of urinary GH (uGH) measurements in children, the day-to-day variability in renal handling of GH has been compared with that of albumin, N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and creatinine. Five overnight urine specimens were collected over a 2-week period from 78 healthy children (aged 5-16 years), 20 of normal stature and 58 with growth disorders; ten children were classified as GH-deficient (GHD) and 48 were designated short normal (SN). The variability of excretion of each substance was expressed as a coefficient of variation (C.V.) which was not influenced by expressing the urine results as total mass excreted, concentration, excretion rate or as a ratio to creatinine. There was considerable night-to-night variability in the excretion of all substances (mean C.V. values for all groups: 56% for albumin, 41% for GH, 33% for NAG and 27% for creatinine). No differences were found in the variability of GH excretion between males and females, nor between prepubertal and pubertal subjects. The mean C.V. for uGH excretion ranged from 37% in normal and 35% in SN children to 52% in those with GHD (P < 0.05). Assay variation rather than a change in renal protein handling accounted for the large variations in uGH concentrations of < 5 pg/ml, thus contributing to the high uGH C.V. of the GHD group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Crystal Structure of a Five-Stranded Coiled Coil in COMP: A Prototype Ion Channel? (1996)

Oligomerization by the formation of alpha-helical bundles is common in many proteins. The crystal structure of a parallel pentameric coiled coil, constituting the oligomerization domain in the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), was determined at 2.05 angstroms resolution. The same structure probably occurs in two other extracellular matrix proteins, thrombospondins 3 and 4. Complementary hydrophobic interactions and conserved disulfide bridges between the alpha helices result in a thermostable structure with unusual properties. The long hydrophobic axial pore is filled with water molecules but can also accommodate small apolar groups. An "ion trap" is formed inside the pore by a ring of conserved glutamines, which binds chloride and probably other monatomic anions. The oligomerization domain of COMP has marked similarities with proposed models of the pentameric transmembrane ion channels in phospholamban and the acetylcholine receptor.
pH triggered self-assembly of core cross-linked star polymers possessing thermoresponsive cores (2011)

Core cross-linked star polymers possessing responsiveness to pH and temperature stimuli have been prepared, and we demonstrate how changes to pH and temperature can be used to trigger the release and uptake of a hydrophobic dye.
Influence of pathophysiology, severity, and cost on the medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (1996)

This article summarizes the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the wide spectrum in disease and symptom severity as they influence the selection of cost-effective treatment strategies. The vast majority of patients with GERD have mild symptoms, no gross endoscopic evidence of esophagitis, and little risk of developing complications. More than 85% of patients with GERD symptoms have uncomplicated disease. Diffuse ulcerations or complications (grade III or IV esophagitis) occur in only 3.5% of patients < 65 years of age. However, some patients with GERD can develop severe complications, including esophageal obstruction, significant blood loss, and, in rare circumstances, perforation. Furthermore, adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, which is increasing in incidence faster than any other cancer, is caused by GERD. Although severe ulcerations are uncommon in young patients, they occur in 20-30% of patients over age 65. Patients with ulcerative esophagitis are not only more prone to develop complications, they are also more resistant to treatment. Cost-effective medical management of GERD must take into account the wide spectrum of symptom and disease severity. Therapy consists of both nonpharmacologic treatment and the appropriate use of medications from several classes of drugs, either alone or in combination. Traditionally, prokinetic agents or histamine receptor antagonists have been used as primary therapy; proton-pump inhibitors are reserved for more resistant cases. The rationale for this and for alternative approaches is discussed.
THE EVOLUTION OF MULTIGENE FAMILIES: Human Haptoglobin Genes (1986)

INTRODUCTION .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . .... . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 GENETIC EVENTS.. . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... 82 The Initial Gene Duplication-An Unpredict able Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . . 82 Subsequent Recombinations-The Predictable Events ... . . .. . ... ...... ... . . ... . .. . . . 86 EVOLUTION OF THE HAPTOGLOBIN GENE FAMILy. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Human Haptoglobin and Haptoglobin-Related Genes . . ... . 93 Evolutionary Tree for Human Haptoglobins.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Supeifamilies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . 99 EVOLUTION OF MULTIGENE FAMILIES IN DIFFERENT SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 CONCLUDING REMARKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 103
An emerging role of mast cells in cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage (2009)

Mast cells (MCs) are perivascularly located resident cells of hematopoietic origin, recognized as effectors in inflammation and immunity.Their subendothelial location at the boundary between the intravascular and extravascular milieus, and their ability to rapidly respond to blood-and tissue-borne stimuli via release of potent vasodilatatory, proteolytic, fibrinolytic, and proinflammatory mediators, render MCs with a unique status to act in the first-line defense in various pathologies.We review experimental evidence suggesting a role for MCs in the pathophysiology of brain ischemia and hemorrhage.In newborn rats, MCs contributed to brain damage in hypoxic-ischemic insults.In experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, MCs regulated permeability of the blood-brain barrier, brain edema formation, and the intensity of local neutrophil infiltration.MCs were reported to play a role in the tissue plasminogen activator-mediated cerebral hemorrhages after experimental ischemic stroke, and to be involved in the expansion of hematoma and edema following intracerebral hemorrhage.Importantly, the MC-stabilizing drug cromoglycate inhibited MC-mediated adverse effects on brain pathology and improved survival of experimental animals.This brings us to a position to consider MC stabilization as a novel initial adjuvant therapy in the prevention of brain injuries in hypoxia-ischemia in new-borns, as well as in ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage in adults.
Stereotactic Biopsy of the Breast Using an Upright Unit, a Vacuum-Suction Needle, and a Lateral Arm-Support System (2002)

Vacuum-suction needle core biopsies can be successfully performed on an upright stereotactic machine with a lateral arm attachment. Thinly compressed breasts and lesions located near the chest wall are well sampled. The vasovagal rate is higher than that on a prone table but is acceptable.
All-multipartite Bell-correlation inequalities for two dichotomic observables per site (2001)

We construct a set of ${2}^{{2}^{n}}$ independent Bell-correlation inequalities for n-partite systems with two dichotomic observables each, which is complete in the sense that the inequalities are satisfied if and only if the correlations considered allow a local classical model. All these inequalities can be summarized in a single, albeit nonlinear inequality. We show that quantum correlations satisfy this condition provided the state has positive partial transpose with respect to any grouping of the n systems into two subsystems. We also provide an efficient algorithm for finding the maximal quantum-mechanical violation of each inequality, and show that the maximum is always attained for the generalized GHZ state.
Viral RNA silencing suppressors inhibit the microRNA pathway at an intermediate step (2004)

RNA silencing suppressors from different plant viruses are structurally diverse. In addition to inhibiting the antiviral silencing response to condition susceptibility, many suppressors are pathogenicity factors that cause disease or developmental abnormalities. Here, unrelated suppressors from multiple viruses were shown to inhibit microRNA (miRNA) activities and trigger an overlapping series of severe developmental defects in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. This suggests that interference with miRNA-directed processes may be a general feature contributing to pathogenicity of many viruses. A normally labile intermediate in the miRNA biogenesis/RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) assembly pathway, miRNA*, accumulated specifically in the presence of suppressors (P1/HC-Pro, p21, or p19) that inhibited miRNA-guided cleavage of target mRNAs. Both p21 and p19, but not P1/HC-Pro, interacted with miRNA/miRNA* complexes and hairpin RNA-derived short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vivo. In addition, p21 bound to synthetic miRNA/miRNA* and siRNA duplexes in vitro. We propose that several different suppressors act by distinct mechanisms to inhibit the incorporation of small RNAs into active RISCs.
An Extensive 3′ Regulatory Region Controls Expression of Bmp5 in Specific Anatomical Structures of the Mouse Embryo (1998)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted signaling molecules that control important developmental events in many different organisms. Previous studies have shown that BMPs are expressed at the earliest stages of skeletal development, and are required for formation of specific skeletal features, strongly suggesting that they are endogenous signals used to control formation of skeletal tissue. Despite the importance of BMP signaling in normal development, very little is known about the mechanisms that control the synthesis and distribution of BMP signals in vertebrates. Here, we identify a large array of cis-acting control sequences that lay out expression of the mouse Bmp5 gene in specific skeletal structures and soft tissues. Some of these elements show striking specificity for particular anatomical features within the skeleton, rather than for cartilage and bone in general. These data suggest that the vertebrate skeleton is built from the sum of many independent domains of BMP expression, each of which may be controlled by separate regulatory elements driving expression at specific anatomical locations. Surprisingly, some of the regulatory sequences in the Bmp5 gene map over 270 kb from the Bmp5 promoter, making them among the most distant elements yet identified in studies of eukaryotic gene expression.
Evidence for the contribution of insulin resistance to the development of cachexia in tumor‐bearing mice (2009)

Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of unintentional weight loss that is characterized by wasting of both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance have been associated with cancer cachexia. However, it is unknown whether resistance to insulin has a role in the development of cachexia. In the present study, male CD2F1 mice with colon-26 adenocarcinoma tumors underwent an insulin tolerance test before the onset of weight loss. Compared to mice without tumors, mice with tumors had a profoundly blunted blood glucose response to insulin. Corroborating these findings, mice with tumors had decreased phosphorylation of Akt in quadriceps muscle and epididymal adipose tissue at the end of the study. Expression of Akt-regulated genes Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and Bnip3 was increased in muscle, suggesting a role for decreased insulin signaling in the induction of both proteasomal proteolysis and autophagy in cachectic muscle. Rosiglitazone treatment increased serum adiponectin, insulin sensitivity, and body weight, and decreased Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, insulin resistance is an early event in mice with cachexia induced by colon-26 tumors. Rosiglitazone improves insulin sensitivity and decreases early markers of cachexia. These data provide evidence that insulin resistance is not only present in cachexia, but also has a role in cachexia pathogenesis. Correction of insulin resistance may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer cachexia.
A novel fusion of RBM6 to CSF1R in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (2007)

Activated tyrosine kinases have been frequently implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and are validated targets for therapeutic intervention with small-molecule kinase inhibitors. To identify novel activated tyrosine kinases in AML, we used a discovery platform consisting of immunoaffinity profiling coupled to mass spectrometry that identifies large numbers of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, including active kinases. This method revealed the presence of an activated colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) kinase in the acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) cell line MKPL-1. Further studies using siRNA and a small-molecule inhibitor showed that CSF1R is essential for the growth and survival of MKPL-1 cells. DNA sequence analysis of cDNA generated by 5'RACE from CSF1R coding sequences identified a novel fusion of the RNA binding motif 6 (RBM6) gene to CSF1R gene generated presumably by a t(3;5)(p21;q33) translocation. Expression of the RBM6-CSF1R fusion protein conferred interleukin-3 (IL-3)-independent growth in BaF3 cells, and induces a myeloid proliferative disease (MPD) with features of megakaryoblastic leukemia in a murine transplant model. These findings identify a novel potential therapeutic target in leukemogenesis, and demonstrate the utility of phosphoproteomic strategies for discovery of tyrosine kinase alleles.
A fast tracking 60 GHz Radar using a frequency scanning antenna (2014)

This paper describes a 57 GHz-63 GHz short range FMCW radar system using a meander-line beam scanning antenna designed in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique. In order to obtain an instantaneous coverage of the azimuthal field of view, the sensor is provisioned to employ a scanning principle by radiating broadband waveforms with different frequencies into separate spatial directions. For surveillance purposes using this scanning technique, a lightweight radar demonstrator was build and first meaningful tests were performed.
Phase I/II Trial of IDEC-Y2B8 Radioimmunotherapy for Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory CD20+B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (1999)

These phase I/II data demonstrate that IDEC-Y2B8 radioimmunotherapy is a safe and effective alternative for outpatient therapy of patients with relapsed or refractory NHL. A phase III study is ongoing.
Curvature sensing and compensation: a new concept in adaptive optics (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text François Roddier, "Curvature sensing and compensation: a new concept in adaptive optics," Appl. Opt. 27, 1223-1225 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article