gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transplantation of neural stem cells enhances expression of synaptic protein and promotes functional recovery in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (2011)

Transplantion of neural stem cells (NSCs) has shown promise for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although the functional mechanisms underlying transplant‑mediated recovery following TBI have yet to be determined, previous studies demonstrated that transplanted NSCs may respond to the release of specific neurotransmitters, and/or the production of factors that promote neuronal growth. Therefore, we hypothesize that the direct transplantation of NSCs into the injured brain enhanced the expression of synaptic protein and regeneration-associated protein, which may be responsible for promoting functional recovery in a rat model of TBI. Our results showed that NSC transplant significantly improved neurological motor function in selected behavioral tests compared to saline control rats. Our data showed that the number of surviving cells engrafted into the rats was 4.1±0.9% of engrafted cells at 8 weeks post‑transplantation, with 11.4±1.6% βⅢ-tubulin-immunopositive cells of these cells. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the expression of synaptophysin (SYP) and regeneration‑associated protein (GAP43) in the injured brain of NSC-transplanted rats was significantly increased compared to the saline control rats during the experimental period. These data suggest that NSCs transplanted directly into the injured brain are capable of surviving, differentiating into neurons and promoting functional recovery in a rat model of TBI. Engrafted NSCs increase the expression of SYP and GAP43 in the injured brain of NSC-transplanted rats, which is suggested as one of the mechanisms underlying the improved functional recovery on motor behavior due to the transplantation of NSCs following TBI.
Chimeric antigen receptors for T cell immunotherapy: current understanding and future directions (2012)

In conclusion, CAR-modified T cell therapy is a highly promising treatment for cancer, having already demonstrated both promising preclinical and clinical results. However, further modification and additional clinical trials will need to be conducted to ultimately optimize the anti-tumor efficacy of this approach.
Proopiomelanocortin Deficiency Treated with a Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist (2016)

Patients with rare defects in the gene encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) have extreme early-onset obesity, hyperphagia, hypopigmentation, and hypocortisolism, resulting from the lack of the proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides melanocyte-stimulating hormone and corticotropin. In such patients, adrenal insufficiency must be treated with hydrocortisone early in life. No effective pharmacologic treatments have been available for the hyperphagia and obesity that characterize the condition. In this investigator-initiated, open-label study, two patients with proopiomelanocortin deficiency were treated with setmelanotide, a new melanocortin-4 receptor agonist. The patients had a sustainable reduction in hunger and substantial weight loss (51.0 kg after 42 weeks in Patient 1 and 20.5 kg after 12 weeks in Patient 2).
Novel polyethylenimine-derived nanoparticles forin vivogene delivery (2012)

The efficacy of PEI-based delivery vectors in vivo is significantly high and animal studies demonstrate that such systems have a potential in humans. However, we feel that though PEI is a promising vector, further studies involving PEI in animal models are needed so as to get a detailed toxicity profile of these vectors. Also, it is imperative that the vector reaches the specific organ causing little or no undesirable effects to other organs.
A New Sialidase Mechanism (2009)

Bacteriophages specific for Escherichia coli K1 express a tailspike protein that degrades the polysialic acid coat of E. coli K1 that is essential for bacteriophage infection. This enzyme is specific for polysialic acid and is a member of a family of endo-sialidases. This family is unusual because all other previously reported sialidases outside of this family are exo- or trans-sialidases. The recently determined structure of an endo-sialidase derived from bacteriophage K1F (endoNF) revealed an active site that lacks a number of the residues that are conserved in other sialidases, implying a new, endo-sialidase-specific catalytic mechanism. Using synthetic trifluoromethylumbelliferyl oligosialoside substrates, kinetic parameters for hydrolysis at a single cleavage site were determined. Measurement of kcat/Km at a series of pH values revealed a dependence on a single protonated group of pKa 5. Mutation of a putative active site acidic residue, E581A, resulted in complete loss of sialidase activity. Direct 1H NMR analysis of the hydrolysis of trifluoromethylumbelliferyl sialotrioside revealed that endoNF is an inverting sialidase. All other wild type sialidases previously reported are retaining glycosidases, implying a new mechanism of sialidase action specific to this family of endo-sialidases.
The Pipecolate‐Incorporating Enzyme for the Biosynthesis of the Immunosuppressant Rapamycin — Nucleotide Sequence Analysis, Disruption and Heterologous Expression of Rap P from Streptomyces Hygroscopicus (1997)

An open reading frame (rapP) encoding the putative pipecolate-incorporating enzyme (PIE) has been identified in the gene cluster for the biosynthesis of rapamycin in Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Conserved amino acid sequence motifs for ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis, adenylate formation, and 4'-phosphopantetheine attachment were identified by sequence comparison with authentic peptide synthetases. Disruption of rapP by phage insertion abolished rapamycin production in S. hygroscopicus, and the production of the antibiotic was specifically restored upon loss of the inserted phage by a second recombination event. rapP was expressed in both Escherichia coli and Streptomyces coelicolor, and recombinant PIE was purified to homogeneity from both hosts. Although low-level incorporation of [14C]beta-alanine into recombinant PIE isolated from E. coli was detected, formation of the covalent acylenzyme intermediate could only be shown with the PIE from S. coelicolor, suggesting that while the recombinant PIE from S. coelicolor was phosphopantetheinylated, only a minor proportion of the recombinant enzyme from E. coli was post-translationally modified.
Multi-Target Estimation Of Heart And Respiration Rates Using Ultra Wideband Sensors (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
The aging myostatin null phenotype: reduced adiposity, cardiac hypertrophy, enhanced cardiac stress response, and sexual dimorphism (2012)

The natural aging process results in the physiological decline of multiple tissues and organ systems. Changes commonly occur with middle age and include decreased skeletal muscle mass, bone mineral density, cardiac output, and insulin sensitivity, and increased adiposity, all of which can contribute to the onset of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, heart failure, or type 2 diabetes. Recent studies suggest that myostatin may influence many of these systems. We therefore sought to determine whether they are affected by aging, especially in 'middle-aged' Mstn-/- mice (12-20 months old (m.o.)). Although body weights were similar in wild-type (WT) and Mstn-/- mice, lean fat-free mass and skeletal muscles composed of predominantly type I, II, and mixed fibers were significantly heavier in Mstn-/- mice. These differences were accompanied by lower total adiposity, especially in female mice, white and brown fat pad weights, and adipocyte size. Hearts were heavier in Mstn-/- mice across a large age range (3-24 m.o.) and exhibited signs of dilated cardiomyopathy at rest, which include lower strain measurements compared with WT myocardium. However, Mstn-/- mice responded better to isoproterenol stress tests with greater increases in fractional shortening and ejection fraction-differences that were again more apparent in females and which are consistent with physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Spleens and kidneys were also smaller, although histologically normal, in Mstn-/- mice. These data together suggest that attenuating myostatin could potentially prevent or possibly treat pathological conditions that develop with age. Additional studies are nevertheless needed to definitively assess potential risks to cardiac function.
The SIM-based mobile wallet (2009)

Transaction services such as payment or ticketing, but also security-sensitive services such as user identification or facility access control are increasingly executed in electronic format. With the concept of the SIM-based mobile wallet, this paper presents an integrative approach to electronic transaction services, combining the user experience of handling plastic cards with the convenience and security of mobile telecommunication and emerging NFC infrastructure. Requirements, technical prerequisites and solution architecture are discussed and a proof-of-concept implementation is presented.
Human major histocompatibility complex contains genes for the major heat shock protein HSP70. (1989)

Little is known as to why a large number of human diseases are influenced by the major histocompatibility complex. In some cases, a direct involvement of the products of the polymorphic class I and class II, aas well as the less variable products of the class III, genes has been proposed. During characterization of the class III region for the presence of additional loci, we have located a duplicated locus encoding the major heat shock protein HSP70 between the complement and tumor necrosis factor genes. The HSP70 loci are 12 kilobases apart and lie 92 kilobases telomeric of the C2 gene. As HSP70 proteins have been linked with a protective role during and after cellular stress, and HSP70 analogues are often presented as antigens in bacterial and protozoal infections, this finding may have major implications with regard to the major histo-compatibility complex and associated diseases.
"In vivo" and "in vitro" antitumoral action of Larrea divaricata Cav. (1996)

We previously reported that aqueous extract of Larrea divaricata Cav. had an antiproliferative activity upon tumoral lymphoid cells (BW 5147), without affecting normal immunity. To determine the probable mechanism of the inhibitory action of the extract upon cell growth, the participation of intracellular signals involved in the inhibition of cell proliferation, namely the activation of adenylate cyclase system was studied. The production of cyclic 3', 5 adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in presence and absence of extract was analized. The extract increased the cAMP levels, but neither the cAMP production nor the inhibitory effect of the extract on proliferation were blocked by a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist (propranolol) or by histaminergic receptor antagonists (cimetidine and mepyramine). So, we concluded that the antiproliferative activity of the extract of BW 5147 cells would be mediated by an increase in cAMP intracellular levels no related to the activation of the membrane receptors here studied. In parallel, the extract was administered to a pregnant rat with a spontaneous mammarian carcinoma and "in vivo" antitumoral activity was found.
Has hair cell loss MET its match? (2007)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Real-Time Communications Resource Allocation Process, Architecture, and Algorithm (2013)

In today's budget constrained environment the DoD, government agencies, and commercial businesses are seeking ways to maximize resource usage and, thereby, improve mission capacity without increasing spending. Communications is one major area that offers opportunities for such improvement. In particular, mobile communications capabilities enable the establishment of communications connectively without an existing infrastructure, especially in emergency situations. Aerial platforms, such as unmanned aerial systems (UASs), have been shown to be ideal for use in maintaining mobile networks. They enable deployment in areas impossible for other vehicles to access while maintaining the necessary mobility to provide coverage to highly dynamic or widely dispersed networks. When properly embedded into the architecture of a communications network, the cooperation and control of multiple UASs can form a multi-layered hierarchical mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). This UAS aided network provides transport of flows that span longer distances, yield better reliability, and achieve higher throughput. Although MANET can potentially offer multiple routes for each given source and destination pair, it is important for each network node to select an "appropriate" communications path that can satisfy the mission requirements. In this work, we propose an agent-based bandwidth reservation technique, called the Real-time Communications Resource Allocator (CRA). The CRA addresses the route selection problem by providing a process, architecture, and algorithm to allocate bandwidth to a task based on its resource requirements and currently available resources before the task starts. A test bed was constructed to prove this concept. Test results demonstrated that the agent is able to reserve and dynamically re-distribute bandwidth to missions, if needed, according to the mission requirements, priority, and link assessment during the On-Mission phase.
Candidate tumor-suppressor genes MTS1 (p16INK4A) and MTS2 (p15INK4B) display frequent homozygous deletions in primary cells from T- but not from B-cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemias [see comments] (1994)

Using a Southern blot approach, deletions of MTS1 (multiple tumor-suppressor gene 1) and MTS2 (multiple tumor-suppressor gene 2) candidate tumor-suppressor genes have been studied in primary neoplastic cells from 55 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Homozygous MTS1 deletions were found in 20 of 24 T-ALL cases and in only 2 of 31 B-lineage cases (P < .001). The deletions involved MTS1 and MTS2 in most cases. Homozygous MTS2 deletions were observed in 16 of 24 T-ALL cases and in 1 of 31 B-lineage ALLs (P < .001), all of them displaying homozygous MTS1 deletions. In 5 cases (4 T and 1 B), deletions involved MTS1 but spared the MTS2 gene, showing that one deletion breakpoint was located between the two genes within a 25-kb region. In 1 T-ALL case, an MTS1 gene rearrangement has occurred downstream to exon 2. Possible hemizygous deletions were found in 6 cases, 4 of them of the B-cell lineage. In 7 ALL cases, cells obtained at presentation and at first relapse were studied and identical results were observed in 6 cases. In 1 B-lineage case, a germline pattern was found at presentation and a possible monoallelic MTS1/MTS2 deletion was observed at relapse. The high frequency of MTS1 and MTS2 homozygous deletions in T-ALLs supports the view that inactivation of these genes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this type of human leukemia.
A new era of cancer immunotherapy: converting theory to performance (1999)

The major impact of recent scientific advances, such as the discovery of genes and gene products, has been to facilitate development of immunotherapies based on the specific stimulation of immune reactions against characterized tumor antigens.
Transformation in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia methanolica utilizing homologous ADE1 and heterologous Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADE2 and LEU2 genes as genetic markers (1993)

Abstract Development of transformation systems for methylotrophic yeasts is the starting point for research aimed at developing molecular genetics of these genera and will be the key to their further successful use in biotechnology. We transformed Pichia methanolica using selector genes ADE2 and LEU2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and ADE1 (homologue of S. cerevisiae ADE2 gene) from P. methanolica which was cloned and sequenced in our laboratory (Hiep et al. , 1991). Lithium transformation of P. methanolica strains was inefficient with intact plasmids. Linearization of plasmids at a unique restriction site within the ADE1 gene prior to transformation substantially increased its frequency. Transformation with linear ADE1, ADE2 or LEU2 gene fragments was even more effective. Introduced DNA fragments either circularized in vivo , irrespective of the structures of their ends, giving unstable transformants; or integrated at different sites of the host genome. Using this transformation system, we obtained a disruption of the ADE1 gene on the chromosome by inserting the S. cerevisiae LEU2 gene. The disruption mutation ade1::LEU2 was used to study the mechanism of intragenic recombination in P. methanolica .
Nasal and Pharyngeal Resistance after Topical Mucosal Vasoconstriction in Normal Humans (1991)

Phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, increases pharyngeal cross-sectional area when applied topically to the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, we examined the possibility that the increase in area results from either a decrease in transmural collapsing pressure, as a result of a decrease in upstream (nasal) resistance, or an increase in upper airway muscle activity. In eight normal, awake men we measured inspiratory pharyngeal and nasal resistance and the electrical activity of the genioglossus (EMGGG) and alae nasi (EMG(AN) before and after pharyngeal and nasal + pharyngeal instillation of 1 ml of either 0.25% phenylephrine or normal saline; phenylephrine and saline were tested on separate days. Under control eucapnic conditions, pharyngeal resistance was 0.43 +/- 0.03 cm H2O/L/s, and nasal resistance was 2.43 +/- 0.14 cm H2O/L/s. Pharyngeal resistance was 0.29 +/- 0.03 cm H2O/L/s after nasal + pharyngeal instillation of phenylephrine and 0.98 +/- 0.13 cm H2O/L/s after saline; nasal resistance was 2.18 +/- 0.13 cm H2O/L/s after nasal + pharyngeal instillation of phenylephrine and 3.15 +/- 0.21 cm H2O/L/s after saline. Thus, phenylephrine decreased both nasal and pharyngeal inspiratory resistance. The change in pharyngeal resistance was not dependent on the change in nasal resistance. Eucapnic EMGGG and EMGAN activities did not change after phenylephrine or saline. We conclude that phenylephrine decreased pharyngeal resistance independent of a change in nasal resistance of upper airway muscle activity, and we believe that the changes in resistance we observed reflect a direct effect of phenylephrine on the pharyngeal mucosa and a consequent enlargement of pharyngeal size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pathogenic mutations but not polymorphisms in congenital and childhood onset autosomal recessive deafness disrupt the proteolytic activity of TMPRSS3 (2003)

Congenital hearing loss occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live births and 60% of these cases are hereditary.1,2 Non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness accounts for about 70% of congenital hereditary hearing loss cases. To date, at least 33 genetic loci have been mapped for non-syndromic deafness, and the causative genes for 17 of these loci have been identified.3 Mutations in the TMPRSS3 gene, which encodes a transmembrane serine protease, were originally identified in Pakistani DFNB8 and Palestinian DFNB10 families, and later in two Tunisian families and several white patients.4–9 TMPRSS3 belongs to a family of transmembrane serine proteases, which includes TMPRSS1-5.5,10 Like the other members of this family, TMPRSS3 contains a short amino terminus, a transmembrane domain and a large extracellular or lumenal carboxyl terminal segment characterised by a stem region containing LDLRA (low density lipoprotein receptor class A), SRCR (scavenger receptor cysteine rich) domains, and a catalytic domain. In addition to a deleterious β-satellite repeat insertion and splice acceptor site substitution,6 six pathogenic missense mutations have been isolated.7 Since these mutations occur not only in the catalytic domain, but also in the LDLRA and SRCR domains involved in interactions with extracellular molecules, the molecular mechanism for pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we determine whether these missense mutations affect the proteolytic activity of TMPRSS3. ### Key points
Is Near-Field Communication Close to Success? (2006)

Near-field communication (NFC) is a new wireless technology that could unite various standards and proprietary technologies found in the millions of standalone contactless cards. Contactless technology lets users pay for transactions by simply holding cards close to, rather than swiping them through, a reader. NFC is a short-range wireless technology that lets devices communicate when in close proximity. The technology allows for the development of devices, including mobile phones, that can be used like contactless cards. A shorter transmission range and slower data rates distinguish NFC from other short-range wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, radio-frequency identification (RFID), and Wi-Fi. NFC could be used in many ways, including merchandise and service payments, event ticketing, and facility- and computer-access control. The technology could even enter information from a buyer's NFC phone to a suitably equipped PC for e-commerce transactions.
Precursor Parameter Identification for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) Prognostics (2009)

Precursor parameters have been identified to enable development of a prognostic approach for insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT). The IGBT were subjected to thermal overstress tests using a transistor test board until device latch-up. The collector-emitter current, transistor case temperature, transient and steady state gate voltages, and transient and steady state collector-emitter voltages were monitored in-situ during the test. Pre- and post-aging characterization tests were performed on the IGBT. The aged parts were observed to have shifts in capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements as a result of trapped charge in the gate oxide. The collector-emitter ON voltage V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE(ON)</sub> showed a reduction with aging. The reduction in the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE(ON)</sub> was found to be correlated to die attach degradation, as observed by scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) analysis. The collector-emitter voltage, and transistor turn-off time were observed to be precursor parameters to latch-up. The monitoring of these precursor parameters will enable the development of a prognostic methodology for IGBT failure. The prognostic methodology will involve trending precursor data, and using physics of failure models for prediction of the remaining useful life of these devices.
IC performance prediction from electrical test measurements (2003)

A model for integrated circuit (IC) binning has been built using measurements collected on a high-volume manufacturing line. This model uses electrical measurements collected before packaging in order to predict the high-speed performance of manufactured parts before final test. A small set of measurable parameters responsible for the variation in fabricated parts was identified. The statistically significant, linear performance prediction model was built using data from a 1-Mbit CMOS EPROM production line. The applications of the model include aiding the packaging decision, production planning and scheduling, process characterization, and control and design for manufacturability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>