gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image-based crowd rendering (2002)

Populated virtual urban environments are important in many applications, from urban planning to entertainment. At the current stage of technology, users can interactively navigate through complex, polygon-based scenes rendered with sophisticated lighting effects and high-quality antialiasing techniques. As a result, animated characters (or agents) that users can interact with are also becoming increasingly common. However, rendering crowded scenes with thousands of different animated virtual people in real time is still challenging. To address this, we developed an image-based rendering approach for displaying multiple avatars. We take advantage of the properties of the urban environment and the way a viewer and the avatars move within it to produce fast rendering, based on positional and directional discretization. To display many different individual people at interactive frame rates, we combined texture compression with multipass rendering.
LAYER ASSIGNMENT FOR RUBBER BAND ROUTING (1993)

The flexibility of the rubber-band wire model is very promising for routing and optimizing today''s complex VLSI and MCM. In this paper we described a practical layer assignment algorithm used with a rubber band router. The algorithm uses a steepest descent approach with an heuristic function which estimate the wiring length of the generated assignment. We formulate the cost function and present an efficient way to compute it. The use of the cost function enable to control the final layout and to achieve balance between wire length and number of vias. The algorithm can be use as well for cost-driven one an a half layer designs in which one wiring layer has only short jumpers and is embedded in the ground layer.
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification for Direct Detection of Chicken Anemia Virus DNA in Tissues and Sera (1992)

Direct detection of chicken anemia virus (CAV) DNA in tissues and sera was investigated by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Using a pair of primers constructed to amplify the coding sequence of the CAV DNA genome, the PCR assay was shown to be extremely sensitive, being able to detect 1 fg of CAV replicative form DNA. The oligonucleotide primers used for the PCR yielded 583 base-pair (bp) amplified product, which was sized by ethidium bromide-agarose gel electrophoresis. Tissue samples from seven cases of suspected chicken infectious anemia were obtained for CAV isolation. DNA extracted from the homogenized suspension of pooled tissues of each case was analyzed by the PCR assay. Results showed that five of the seven cases were positive for CAV DNA by PCR, whereas CAV was isolated from four cases only. The PCR assay also detected CAV DNA in two of 37 serum samples from disease-free chickens. The specificity of PCR was confirmed by chemiluminescence dot-blot analysis of the amplified products.
Antisense Oligonucleotides: New Tools for Physiology (1997)

The recent application of antisense technology to whole animal physiology opens a new way of approaching physiological problems with the specificity of molecular biology. This article gives details of how to design and deliver oligonucleotides to inhibit specific proteins involved in physiological mechanisms.
Glycosylation of unreactive substrates (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlycosylation of unreactive substratesDaniel Kahne, Suzanne Walker, Yuan Cheng, and Donna Van EngenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 17, 6881–6882Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00199a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00199a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3536Altmetric-Citations446LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
III-V/Si Tandem Cells Utilizing Interdigitated Back Contact Si Cells and Varying Terminal Configurations (2019)

Integrating wide-bandgap III-V with Si solar cells has been shown to yield higher efficiencies than Si alone: As also presented at this conference, four-terminal efficiencies exceeding 32% have been attained. In this contribution, independent and electrically connected operation of the subcells in such tandem cells is examined. The optics of the tandem cell change significantly if a conducting interconnect, rather than an insulating glass slide, is required between the subcells. These effects are studied, and optically optimized structures for different types of tandem cell operation are presented. It is found that minimizing reflection at the conductive interface between the two cells while maintaining conductivity is the key challenge faced in such devices.
Preparation and Characterization of a pH‐ and Thermally Responsive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid)/Porous SiO2 Hybrid (2010)

A multifunctional nanohybrid composed of a pH- and thermoresponsive hydrogel, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid), poly(NIPAM-co-AAc) is synthesized in-situ within the mesopores of an oxidized porous Si template. The hybrid is characterized by electron microscopy and by thin film optical interference spectroscopy. The optical reflectivity spectrum of the hybrid displays Fabry-Pérot fringes characteristic of thin film optical interference, enabling direct, real-time observation of the pH- induced swelling and volume phase transitions associated with the confined poly(NIPAM-co-AAc) hydrogel. The optical response correlates to the percentage of AAc contained within the hydrogel, with a maximum change observed for samples containing 20% AAc. The swelling kinetics of the hydrogel are significantly altered due to the nanoscale confinement; displaying a more rapid response to pH or heating stimuli relative to bulk polymer films. The inclusion of AAc dramatically alters the thermoresponsiveness of the hybrid at pH 7, effectively eliminating the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The observed changes in the optical reflectivity spectrum are interpreted in terms of changes in the dielectric composition and morphology of the hybrids.
Regioselective synthesis of deuterated analogs of the neurotoxin MPTP (1996)

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-pyridone has been used as starting material for the efficient and regioselective synthesis of deuterated analogues of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MPTP-2,2-d2, MPTP-6,6-d2 and MPTP-2,2,6,6-d4 were obtained in good yield through a combination of alkaline deuterium exchange and selective LiAIH4 and LiAID4 reduction reactions.
Potential for a hydrogen water-plasma laser (2003)

A stationary, electronically excited, population inversion of atomic hydrogen, H, has been observed in a low-pressure water-vapor microwave discharge plasma. The inverted H population was evident from the relative intensities of the transitions within the Lyman series (n=2, 3, 4, and 5 to n=1) and within the Balmer series (n=3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 to n=2). Back illumination with a broadband (vis/IR) lamp source showed depopulation of the n=5 state. Lines of the Balmer series of n=5, and 6 to n=2 and the Paschen series of n=5 to n=3 were of particular importance because of the potential to design blue and 1.3 μm infrared lasers, respectively, which are ideal for many communications and microelectronics applications. High-power hydrogen gas lasers are anticipated at wavelengths over a broad spectral range from far infrared to violet which may be miniaturized to micron dimensions. Such a hydrogen laser may prove to be the most versatile and useful of all.
Receptor-mediated regional sympathetic nerve activation by leptin. (1997)

Leptin is a peptide hormone produced by adipose tissue which acts centrally to decrease appetite and increase energy expenditure. Although leptin increases norepinephrine turnover in thermogenic tissues, the effects of leptin on directly measured sympathetic nerve activity to thermogenic and other tissues are not known. We examined the effects of intravenous leptin and vehicle on sympathetic nerve activity to brown adipose tissue, kidney, hindlimb, and adrenal gland in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Intravenous infusion of mouse leptin over 3 h (total dose 10-1,000 microg/kg) increased plasma concentrations of immunoreactive murine leptin up to 50-fold. Leptin slowly increased sympathetic nerve activity to brown adipose tissue (+286+/-64% at 1,000 microg/kg; P = 0.002). Surprisingly, leptin infusion also produced gradual increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity (+228+/-63% at 1,000 microg/kg; P = 0.0008). The effect of leptin on sympathetic nerve activity was dose dependent, with a threshold dose of 100 microg/kg. Leptin also increased sympathetic nerve activity to the hindlimb (+287+/-60%) and adrenal gland (388+/-171%). Despite the increase in overall sympathetic nerve activity, leptin did not increase arterial pressure or heart rate. Leptin did not change plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Infusion of vehicle did not alter sympathetic nerve activity. Obese Zucker rats, known to possess a mutation in the gene for the leptin receptor, were resistant to the sympathoexcitatory effects of leptin, despite higher achieved plasma leptin concentrations. These data demonstrate that leptin increases thermogenic sympathetic nerve activity and reveal an unexpected stimulatory effect of leptin on overall sympathetic nerve traffic.
Region-based caching (2000)

Article Free Access Share on Region-based caching: an energy-delay efficient memory architecture for embedded processors Authors: Hsien-Hsin S. Lee Advanced Computer Architecture Lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Advanced Computer Architecture Lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, The University of Michigan, Ann ArborView Profile , Gary S. Tyson Advanced Computer Architecture Lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Advanced Computer Architecture Lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, The University of Michigan, Ann ArborView Profile Authors Info & Claims CASES '00: Proceedings of the 2000 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systemsNovember 2000 Pages 120–127https://doi.org/10.1145/354880.354898Online:01 November 2000Publication History 56citation730DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations56Total Downloads730Last 12 Months12Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Use of ligase chain reaction for enhanced detection ofPhytophthora infestans (2002)

Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS 2) of ribosomal DNA from 10 different species of Phytophthora were aligned, and regions of dissimilarity were used to construct ligase chain reaction (LCR) primers for detecting the late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans. Ligase chain reaction primers allow differentiation of species down to a single base pair difference. The primers have greater specificity than previously described polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and allow differentiation of P. infestans, Phytophthora mirabilis, and Phytophthora phaseoli, which contain identical ITS sequences, from many other Phytophthora species. Ligase chain reaction was coupled with PCR to increase sensitivity of P. infestans detection and can serve as an enhancement to existing PCR protocols. By labeling LCR primers with biotin and digoxigenin, the LCR was combined with an ELISA-based detection system to improve sensitivity and ease of application.
535. Peptide synthesis from heterocyclic intermediates. Part I. 2-Thio-5-thiazolidone derivatives of valine, leucine, norleucine, methionine, l-tyrosine, glutamine, αaminoisobutyric acid, and aminomalonamide (1951)

A. C. Davis and A. L. Levy, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 2419 DOI: 10.1039/JR9510002419
Sildenafil Improves Alveolar Growth and Pulmonary Hypertension in Hyperoxia-induced Lung Injury (2005)

Our findings suggest a role for the NO/cGMP pathway during alveolar development. Sildenafil may have therapeutic potential in diseases associated with impaired alveolar structures.
A Compact Six-Port Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array: MIMO Channel Measurements and Performance Analysis (2010)

MIMO systems ideally achieve linear capacity gain proportional to the number of antennas. However, the compactness of terminal devices limits the number of spatial degrees of freedom (DOFs) in such systems, which motivates efficient antenna design techniques to exploit all available DOFs. In this contribution, we present a compact six-port dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array which utilizes spatial, polarization and angle diversities. To evaluate the proposed DRA array, a measurement campaign was conducted at 2.65 GHz in indoor office scenarios for four 6 × 6 multiple antenna systems. Compared to the reference system of monopole arrays which only exploit spatial diversity, the use of dual-polarized patch antennas at the transmitter enriches the channel's DOF in the non-line-of-sight scenario. Replacing the monopole array at the receiver with the DRA array that has a 95% smaller ground plane, the 10% outage capacity evaluated at 10 dB reference signal-to-noise ratio becomes equivalent to that of the reference system, due to the DRA's rich diversity characteristics. In the line-of-sight scenario, the DRA array gives a higher DOF than the monopole array as the receive counterpart to the transmit patch array. However, the outage capacity is 1.5 bits/s/Hz lower, due to the DRA array's lower channel gain.
Antiarrhythmic Prophylaxis with Procainamide in Acute Myocardial Infarction (1969)

The effectiveness of prophylactic therapy with procainamide in preventing active ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction was determined in a double-blind study using electrocardiographic monitoring of 70 patients with acute infarctions uncomplicated by shock, heart block or severe heart failure. After a loading dose, 250, 375 or 500 mg of procainamide or placebo were administered every three hours according to patient weight. Procainamide afforded highly significant protection against all types of active ventricular arrhythmias, markedly reduced the need for acute therapy of arrhythmias, and prevented death from active arrhythmias. Adverse effects of procainamide therapy occurred only in patients with excessive plasma concentrations. The effective plasma procainamide concentration for suppressing active ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction is 4 to 6 mg per liter. Lower plasma levels protect incompletely whereas concentrations above 7 mg per liter can produce adverse cardiovascular effects. Plasma procainamide concentrations vary widely among patients, and their measurement is helpful in establishing proper individual dosage.
Nonresponsiveness to an immunodominant Epstein-Barr virus-encoded cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope in nuclear antigen 3A: implications for vaccine strategies. (1991)

An immunodominant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope has been mapped to the EBV nuclear antigen 3A. The epitope, represented by the peptide sequence AWNAGFLRGRAYGLD (hereafter termed AWNA), is restricted through the HLA-B8 allele and is expressed by type A but not type B-infected transformants. Herein, we show that EBV-specific memory CTLs from an HLA-B8+ healthy virus carrier, JS, did not respond in vitro to AWNA, even though that individual's endogenously infected transformants processed and presented the natural equivalent of this peptide to AWNA-specific CTLs from another B8+ individual. Instead, an epitope, represented by the peptide sequence QLSDTPLIPLTIFVGENTGV, was the dominant EBV-specific CTL epitope in donor JS. This epitope mapped to EBV nuclear antigen 2A, was restricted by an HLA-A2 subtype, and specifically associated with type A strains of EBV. No AWNA-specific CTL precursors were detected by limiting dilution analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from donor JS whereas the precursor frequency of AWNA-specific CTLs from a responder donor, LC, was estimated at 1:4500. The presentation in vivo of an immunogenic epitope-HLA antigen complex is clearly insufficient to guarantee an effective memory CTL response to that foreign epitope. Thus, vaccination strategies based on peptides inducing CTL responses may need to take into account not only the polymorphism of HLA antigens but also possible allelic variation in the repertoires of T-cell receptors.
Layout-independent fisheye views of nested graphs (2002)

Although a graph can be a useful device for visualizing complex relationships, drawings of large graphs can be difficult to comprehend. As one remedy, we formulated a novel generalized approach for generating fisheye views of nested graphs with multiple variable focal points, and devised an algorithm that creates fisheye views in the absence of application specific distance metrics. Previous solutions produced fisheye views by filtering or distorting drawings of graphs. Since these approaches relied on geometric notions of distance, they could only be applied effectively in limited cases. By contrast, our approach treats fisheye view generation as a phase that precedes graph layout, rather than as a technique that alters an existing drawing, and does not suffer these drawbacks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Influence of carbocyclic rings on porphyrin cyclizations: synthesis of geochemically significant cycloalkanoporphyrins (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of carbocyclic rings on porphyrin cyclizations: synthesis of geochemically significant cycloalkanoporphyrinsTimothy D. Lash, Rajiv P. Balasubramaniam, James J. Catarello, Marty C. Johnson, Donald A. May Jr., Karla A. Bladel, Joette M. Feeley, Michael C. Hoehner, Thomas G. Marron, and Cite this: Energy Fuels 1990, 4, 6, 668–674Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00024a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00024a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tesile toughness of microcellular foams of polystyrene, styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer, and polycarbonate, and the effect of dissolved gas on the tensile toughness of the same polymer matrices and microcellular foams (1995)

Abstract This paper reports on the tensile properties of microcellular foams of three different thermoplastics, since there have been several reports in the literature, but with indefinite conclusions so far, that microbubbles act in a manner similar to rubber particles in toughening thermoplastics. Polystyrene (PS), styreneacrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), and polycarbonate (PC), were selected based on their different intrinsic ductilities. The gas supersaturation technique was used to generate samples with microbubbles. The effect of the presence of microbubbles inside the polymer matrix was separated from the effects of the pressure and thermal history experienced by the samples. Nitrogen gas dissolved into PS, and to a lesser extent into SAN, caused and increase of the tensile toughness, but this increased decayed with time as nitrogen gas diffused out of the samples. Furthermore, microcellularly foamed PS samples showed some limited improvement in terms of tensile toughness after all the nitrogen gas diffused out. SAN and PC showed deterioration of the tensile toughness in the presence of microbubbles.
Molecular Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance (2001)

The determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of a clinical isolate, especially with increasing resistance, is often crucial for the optimal antimicrobial therapy of infected patients. Nucleic acid-based assays for the detection of resistance may offer advantages over phenotypic assays. Examples are the detection of the methicillin resistance-encoding mecA gene in staphylococci, rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the spread of resistance determinants across the globe. However, molecular assays for the detection of resistance have a number of limitations. New resistance mechanisms may be missed, and in some cases the number of different genes makes generating an assay too costly to compete with phenotypic assays. In addition, proper quality control for molecular assays poses a problem for many laboratories, and this results in questionable results at best. The development of new molecular techniques, e.g., PCR using molecular beacons and DNA chips, expands the possibilities for monitoring resistance. Although molecular techniques for the detection of antimicrobial resistance clearly are winning a place in routine diagnostics, phenotypic assays are still the method of choice for most resistance determinations. In this review, we describe the applications of molecular techniques for the detection of antimicrobial resistance and the current state of the art.
Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Human Vascular Cells Is Regulated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (2007)

We demonstrate that HO-1 expression is transcriptionally regulated by PPARalpha and PPARgamma, indicating a mechanism of anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative action of PPAR ligands via upregulation of HO-1. Identification of HO-1 as a target gene for PPARs provides new strategies for therapy of cardiovascular diseases and a rationale for the use of PPAR ligands in the treatment of other chronic inflammatory diseases.