gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereospecific, high affinity binding of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by hepatic cytosol. Evidence that the binding species is receptor for induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. (1976)

We previously hypothesized that the genetic trait of aromatic hydrocarbon nonresponsiveness (the failure in certain inbred strains of mice of polycyclic hydrocarbons to induce aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, and the diminished sensitivity to the more potent inducer 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is due to mutation which results in an induction receptor with a diminished affinity for the inducing compound. Following the intraperitoneal administration of [14C]TCDD (6 nmol/kg), hepatic accumulation of the radiolabel was greatest in C57BL/6J mice, intermediate in the hybrid B6D2F1/J mice, and least in DBA/2J mice, a pattern which mirrors the strain sensitivity to hydroxylase induction by TCDD (C57BL/6J greater than B6D2F1/J greater than DBA/2J). These data are compatible with receptor mutation theory and suggested that the hepatic uptake of TCDD is determined by the affinity of the receptor. In vitro experiments on the binding of [3H]TCDD to hepatic cytosol from C57BL/6J mice revealed a small pool of high affinity sites which stereospecifically and reversibly bind TCDD. The specific binding of [3H]TCDD to hepatic cytosol had an equilibrium dissociation constant KD of 0.27 nM and a maximum binding capacity of 84 fmol/mg of cytosol protein. Much less high affinity specific binding of [3H]TCDD was observed in hepatic cytosol from DBA/2J mice, but the KD was not estimated because of the limited aqueous solubility of the ligand. The binding affinity of 23 halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans for this hepatic cytosol-binding species closely correlated with the potencies of these compounds as inducers of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. The polycyclic hydrocarbons that induce hepatic hydroxylase activity competed with [3H]TCDD for hepatic cytosol binding, but phenobarbital, pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile, and the steroid hormones had no specific binding. The data suggest that the hepatic cytosol species which binds TCDD is the receptor for the induction of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, and that the mutation in nonresponsive mice results in an altered receptor with a diminished affinity for inducing compounds.
Towards an Understanding of Decision Complexity in IT Configuration (2006)

There exist many opportunities for deploying autonomic computing in an IT environment. The highest-value opportunities are going to be where we can reduce human decision-making complexity for systems administrators. To identify these opportunities, we need a model of decision complexity for configuring and operating computing systems. This paper extends previous work on models and metrics for IT configuration complexity by adding the concept of decision complexity. As the first step towards a complete model of decision complexity, we describe an extensive user study of decision making in a carefully-mapped analogous domain (route planning) and illustrate how the results of that study suggest an initial model of decision complexity applicable to IT configuration. The model identifies the key factors affecting decision complexity and highlights several interesting results, including the fact that decision complexity has significantly different impacts on user-perceived difficulty than on objective measures like time and error rate. We also describe some of the implications of our decision complexity model for system designers seeking to automate the decision-making and reduce the configuration complexity of their systems.
Delayed rejection of porcine cartilage is averted by transgenic expression of α1,2‐fucosyltransferase (2002)

The use of xenogeneic cells or tissues for tissue engineering applications may lead to advances in biomedical research. Hyperacute and delayed rejection are immunologic hurdles that must be addressed to achieve xenograft survival in the pig-to-primate setting. Expression of human alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase (HT) in the donor cell or tissue protects from hyperacute rejection (HAR) by reducing expression of Galalpha1,3-Gal epitope, the major xenoantigen recognized by human natural antibodies. We hypothesized that Galalpha1,3-Gal antigen contributes to delayed tissue rejection. To test this hypothesis, we transplanted control or HT-transgenic engineered porcine cartilage s.c. into alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (Gal KO) mice. Control porcine cartilage grafted in Gal KO mice was not susceptible to HAR but was rejected in several wk by a prominent cellular immune infiltrate and elevated antibody titers. In contrast, Gal KO mice receiving the HT engineered cartilage showed a markedly reduced anti-pig antibody response and no anti-Galalpha1,3-Gal-elicited antibody response. The HT implants had a mild cellular infiltrate that was confined to the graft periphery. Our study demonstrates that a marked reduction of Galalpha1,3-Gal antigen in HT-transgenic porcine cartilage confers resistance to a process of delayed rejection. Further development of tissue engineering applications that use genetically modified porcine tissues is encouraged.
ChemInform Abstract: Derivatives of 4‐Amino‐δ2‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoline. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Effect of 5-HT and postsynaptic 5-HT1 A on the mood and recogniztion of the repeated restraint stress in rats]. (2008)

Deficiency of 5-HT in rats may suppress its ability to stress adaptation. Activation of post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors can attenuate the anxiety and depressive behavior symptoms, and facilitate rats to adapt stress.
Development of a Simple Chromogenic Factor VIII Assay for Clinical Use (1989)

The aim of this study was the development of a simple chromogenic factor VIII assay for practical clinical use. The criteria that the assay fulfils are: (1) The method is so sensitive that even 1% factor VIII in human plasma is easily detected. (2) The method is linear in the amount of factor VIII from 0 to 200% in plasma. (3) The pipetting scheme is very simple; two reagents are prepared, reagent 1 (factor IXa, thrombin, Ca2+ and phospholipids) and reagent 2 (factor X). Then we pipet at t = 0 s, 100 microliters diluted plasma + 100 microliters reagent 1 in a reaction tube; at t = 30 s, 100 microliters reagent 2 in the same tube and at t = 90 s, 200 microliters of the reaction mixture in a cuvette with 700 microliters EDTA buffer (stop buffer) and the formed factor Xa is measured with a chromogenic substrate. (4) The reaction components are stable during at least a whole working day. Factor VIII was measured in an assay using bovine clotting factors, so one avoids the risk of viral infections, which one might catch by working with clotting factors isolated from human plasma.
Speaker normalization using efficient frequency warping procedures (2002)

In an effort to reduce the degradation in speech recognition performance caused by variation in vocal tract shape among speakers, a frequency warping approach to speaker normalization is investigated. A set of low complexity, maximum likelihood based frequency warping procedures have been applied to speaker normalization for a telephone based connected digit recognition task. This paper presents an efficient means for estimating a linear frequency warping factor and a simple mechanism for implementing frequency warping by modifying the filter-bank in mel-frequency cepstrum feature analysis. An experimental study comparing these techniques to other well-known techniques for reducing variability is described. The results showed that frequency warping was consistently able to reduce word error rate by 20% even for very short utterances.
Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus rhamnosus treatment is as effective as budesonide at reducing inflammation in a murine model for chronic asthma (2014)

These findings show that Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V and Lactobacillus rhamnosus NutRes1 have strong anti-inflammatory properties that are comparable to budesonide and therefore may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic asthma.
Discovery of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase 1 for the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment Associated with Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseases (2016)

A diverse set of 3-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinones was designed and synthesized. The structure–activity relationships of these polycyclic compounds as phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1) inhibitors were studied along with their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Systematic optimizations of this novel scaffold culminated in the identification of a clinical candidate, (6aR,9aS)-2-(4-(6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)benzyl)-5-methyl-3-(phenylamino)-5,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydrocyclopenta[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidin-4-(2H)-one phosphate (ITI-214), which exhibited picomolar inhibitory potency for PDE1, demonstrated excellent selectivity against all other PDE families and showed good efficacy in vivo. Currently, this investigational new drug is in Phase I clinical development and being considered for the treatment of several indications including cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease, movement disorders, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders, and other central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS disorders.
Nucleoproteins of Animal Influenza Viruses, in Contrast to Those of Human Strains, Are Not Cleaved in Infected Cells (1984)

We previously reported that nucleoproteins (NPs) of human influenza viruses are cleaved in infected cells and, as a result, two forms of NP, uncleaved (mol. wt. 56000) and cleaved (mol. wt. 53000) were accumulated late in infection. Here, we report that NPs of animal influenza viruses of non-human origin (isolated from pigs, equids , seals, whales, birds) exhibited proteolytic resistance in infected cells and did not undergo a change in mol. wt. in the course of infection. The resistance of the animal virus NPs to proteolytic cleavage was shown to be a virus-specific property and not the consequence of a low level of proteolysis in infected cells. Influenza A/H3N2 viruses isolated from swine in Hong Kong in 1976 were found to have a cleavable NP like that of 'human' viruses, supporting the hypothesis concerning the 'human' origin of these strains. The NP of human influenza virus (A/Aichi/2/68) adapted to an animal host (mouse) retained susceptibility to limited intracellular proteolysis. Thus, NP resistance to cleavage seems to be a stable viral characteristic enabling the NP56 ---- NP53 modification to be used as an indication of the origin of influenza viruses.
Cardiac Electrophysiological Substrate Underlying the ECG Phenotype and Electrogram Abnormalities in Brugada Syndrome Patients (2015)

The results indicate that both slow discontinuous conduction and steep dispersion of repolarization are present in the right ventricular outflow tract of BrS patients. ECG imaging could differentiate between BrS and right bundle-branch block.
Photoacoustic spectroscopy and its use in biology (1983)

Review Article| November 01 1983 Photoacoustic spectroscopy and its use in biology: Review D. Balasubramanian D. Balasubramanian 1Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biosci Rep (1983) 3 (11): 981–994. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01121025 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. Balasubramanian; Photoacoustic spectroscopy and its use in biology: Review. Biosci Rep 1 November 1983; 3 (11): 981–994. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01121025 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 The Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Defcon Capture the Flag: defending vulnerable code from intense attack (2004)

Immunix/spl trade/ is a Linux system hardened with several DARPA-funded security technologies to produce a highly survivable server appliance platform. The Immunix technologies include: StackGuard, FormatGuard, RaceGuard, SubDomain, and LSM (Linux Security Modules). Combined, these technologies make it very difficult for an attacker to break into an Immunix server, despite the presence of unpatched vulnerabilities, while also preserving a high degree of compatibility with standard Linux systems. The Defcon Capture-the-Flag (CtF) contest is the largest open security hacking game. The 2002 game was designed to make it particularly difficult for defenders to defend their servers by forcing players to host software known to be vulnerable. Our DISCEX III paper describes our experience playing an Immunix server in this game: we placed second overall, and no one was able to take control of the Immunix server.
Hormone replacement therapy in the menopause: a pro opinion (1996)

The preponderance of data support the benefits of HRT in estrogen-deprived and menopausal women to reduce the risks of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease and to enhance quality of life and life expectancy. Controversies exist with regards to the risk-benefit ratio in women with a history of estrogen-dependent gynecologic tumors or breast cancer. Until these issues are resolved, physicians must carefully weigh, on an individual basis for each patient, the potential risks against the known benefits. Women should be counseled regarding the benefits of exercise, weight control, breast feeding, and cessation of cigarette smoking or excessive alcohol to reduce their risks of cancer, cardiac disease, and/or osteoporosis. HRT is not a panacea for an unhealthy lifestyle. When ERT is contraindicated, viable alternatives to retard bone loss and/or control vasomotor symptoms include calcium supplementation and progestin therapy. The role of tamoxifen as an alternative HRT in women at increased risk for breast cancer development is currently under investigation.
Multi-signal flow graphs: a novel approach for system testability analysis and fault diagnosis (1995)

In this paper, we present a comprehensive methodology for a formal, but intuitive, cause-effect dependency modeling using multi-signal directed graphs that correspond closely to hierarchical system schematics and develop diagnostic strategies to isolate faults in the shortest possible time without making the unrealistic single fault assumption. A key feature of our methodology is that our models lend naturally to real-world necessities, such as system integration and hierarchical troubleshooting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Binding of 17O-labeled substrate and inhibitors to protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase-nitrosyl complex. Evidence for direct substrate binding to the active site Fe2+ of extradiol dioxygenases. (1986)

Pseudomonas testosteroni protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase catalyzes extradiol-type oxygenolytic cleavage of the aromatic ring of its substrate. The essential active site Fe2+ binds nitric oxide (NO) to produce an EPR active complex with an electronic spin of S = 3/2. Hyperfine broadening of the EPR resonances of the nitrosyl complex of the enzyme by protocatechuate (3,4-(OH)2-benzoate, PCA) enriched specifically with 17O (I = 5/2) in either the 3 or the 4 hydroxyl group shows that both groups can bind directly to the Fe2+ in the ternary complex. Analogous results are obtained for PCA binding to catechol 2,3-dioxygenase-NO complex suggesting that substrate binding by the Fe2+ may be a general property of extradiol dioxygenases. The protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase inhibitor, 4-17OH-benzoate binds directly to the Fe of the nitrosyl adduct of the enzyme through the OH group. Since previous studies have shown that water also is bound to the Fe in this ternary complex, but not in the ternary complex with PCA, the data strongly imply that there are 3 sites in the Fe coordination which can be occupied by exogenous ligands. 3-17OH-benzoate is an inhibitor of the enzyme but does not elicit detectable hyperfine broadening in the EPR spectrum of the nitrosyl adduct suggesting that it binds to the enzyme, but not to the Fe. The EPR spectra of ternary enzyme-NO complexes with PCA or 4-OH-benzoate labeled with 17O exclusively in the carboxylate substituent are not broadened, suggesting that this moiety does not bind to the Fe.
Benefits of processor clustering in designing large parallel systems: when and how? (2002)

Advances in multiprocessor interconnect technology are leading to high performance network. However, software overheads associated with message passing are limiting the processors to get maximum performance from these networks, leading to under-utilization of network resources. Though processor clusters are being used in some systems in an ad hoc manner to alleviate this problem, there is no formal analysis in the literature to show when and how processor clusters benefit in designing high performance and scalable systems. In this paper we analyze and solve this problem by considering processor-clustering, messaging overheads, and network performance in an integrated manner. Our analysis establishes the following three design guidelines. Compared to a base system, under high messaging overheads, processor clustering can be used to build a) an equal-sized system with a smaller network or b) a larger system with an equal-sized network. Under low messaging overheads, a combination of processor clustering and wider channels can be used to build a range of larger-sized systems. All these guidelines lead to designing cost-effective and scalable parallel systems while delivering high performance.
Development of an Injectable Formulation of Novel Lipid A Analog (2003)

著者らは新規リピドA誘導体E5531について敗血症ショック治療剤として注射剤の開発を目指し, その分散法としてpH-jump法を確立した。この方法はE 5531を0.003 mol/L NaOH (pH 11.0, PKa2以上) に相転移温度以上の50℃で分散した後, 緩衝液と混合してpH 7.3とする方法である。 E5531は水溶液中で会合体を形成し, その大きさは約20 nmであることが明らかになった。会合体の膜流動性はラットにおける体内動態とBCG/LPS処理したマウスにおける薬効 (ED50) と関係していることも明らかになった。
Visceral adiposity is associated with cytokines and decrease in lung function in women with persistent asthma (2016)

Eighty-three asthmatic women were included, 37% of whom had uncontrolled asthma. After controlling for variables, a negative association between asthma control and VAT and the VAT/SAT ratio was observed. VAT was negatively associated with respiratory parameters after controlling for explanatory variables. In an adjusted model, body mass index (BMI) and SAT were inversely associated with the adiponectin serum level and VAT was associated with the interleukin 6 level. In conclusion, visceral obesity was negatively associated with asthma control and lung function; and positively associated with increased levels of interleukin 6 in women. We hypothesize that women should be studied as a separate group, and we suggest further studies with a control group to know if the uncontrolled asthmatic group is directly affected by visceral adipose inflammatory markers.
c-Myc–mediated control of cell fate in megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors (2009)

It has been found that c-Myc protein plays a critical role in controlling self-renewal versus differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells. We report that c-Myc also controls the fate of megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors through regulating the differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocytic progenitors. In addition to the significant reduction of granulocytes/macrophages and B and T lymphocytes because of the reduction of their corresponding progenitors, we found significantly increased numbers of megakaryocytic progenitors and mature megakaryocytes in bone marrow and spleens of c-Myc-knockout (c-Myc(-/-)) mice. Differentiation of erythrocytes was blocked at the erythroid progenitor stage. This increased megakaryocytopoiesis is a cell-intrinsic defect of c-Myc-mutant hematopoietic stem cells, as shown by transplantation studies. Furthermore, we found that c-Myc is required for polyploidy formation but not for cytoplasmic maturation of megakaryocytes. Megakaryocytes from c-Myc(-/-) mice are significantly smaller in size and lower in ploidy than those of control mice; however, because of the dramatic increase in megakaryocyte number, although fewer platelets are produced by each megakaryocyte, a greater than 3-fold increase in platelet number was consistently observed in c-Myc(-/-) mice. Thus, c-Myc(-/-) mice develop a syndrome of severe thrombocytosis-anemia-leukopenia because of significant increases in megakaryocytopoiesis and concomitant blockage of erythrocyte differentiation and reductions in myelolymphopoiesis.
Nonlinear fiber-optic strain sensor based on four-wave mixing in microstructured optical fiber (2012)

We demonstrate a nonlinear fiber-optic strain sensor, which uses the shifts of four-wave mixing Stokes and anti-Stokes peaks caused by the strain-induced changes in the structure and refractive index of a microstructured optical fiber. The sensor thus uses the inherent nonlinearity of the fiber and does not require any advanced postprocessing of the fiber. Strain sensitivity of -0.23 pm/με is achieved experimentally and numerical simulations reveal that for the present fiber the sensitivity can be increased to -4.46 pm/με by optimizing the pump wavelength and power.
Asynchronous Slepian-Wolf coding via source-splitting (2002)

The Slepian-Wolf coding problem for two sources is considered. It is known that vertices of the Slepian-Wolf region can be achieved with a complexity which is significantly lower than that of a general point and do not require that encoders are synchronized. It is shown that by splitting a source into two virtual sources one can reduce the problem of coding an arbitrary point to that of coding a vertex of a three-dimensional Slepian Wolf region. This approach generalizes to arbitrary number of sources.