gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High performance capsule implosions on the OMEGA Laser facility with rugby hohlraums (2010)

Rugby-shaped hohlraums have been proposed as a method for x-ray drive enhancement for indirectly driven capsule implosions. This concept has recently been tested in a series of shots on the OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly, D. L. Brown, R. S. Craxton et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. In this paper, experimental results are presented comparing the performance of D2-filled capsules between standard cylindrical Au hohlraums and rugby-shaped hohlraums. The rugby hohlraums demonstrated 18% more x-ray drive energy as compared with the cylinders, and the high-performance design of these implosions (both cylinder and rugby) also provided ≈20× more deuterium (DD) neutrons than any previous indirectly driven campaign on OMEGA and ≈3× more than ever achieved on NOVA [E. M. Campbell, Laser Part. Beams 9, 209 (1991)] implosions driven with nearly twice the laser energy. This increase in performance enables, for the first time, a measurement of the neutron burn history and imaging of the neutron core shapes in an indirectly driven implosion. Previous DD neutron yields had been too low to register this key measurement of capsule performance and the effects of dynamic mix. A wealth of additional data on the fuel areal density from the suite of charged particle diagnostics was obtained on a subset of the shots that used D H3e rather than D2 fuel. Comparisons of the experimental results with numerical simulations are shown to be in very good agreement. The design techniques employed in this campaign, e.g., smaller laser entrance holes and hohlraum case-to-capsule ratios, provide added confidence in the pursuit of ignition on the National Ignition Facility [J. D. Lindl, P. Amendt, R. L. Berger et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 339 (2004)].
Secure external references in multimedia email messages (1996)

Security enhancements tailored for the special needs of Multimedia Email Messages are under development within the BERKOM project funded by the German PIT. To solve the problems caused by transferring high volume, multimedia data External References have been introduced in Email. These are pointers to remote data objects and are included in Email messages rather than the data objects themselves. The data object pointed to is stored on a remote globally accessible on-line store which provides broadband storage and retrievaL This highly useful mechanism opens a new security gap in Email. Existing Email security services only protect the External References in the Email message itself. The referenced data object is unprotected during transfer and storage to/ from/on the store. This paper will propose security enhancements for the External Reference Mechanism in Multimedia Messaging. Before transferring the data object to a store it will be cryptographicly secured. Selected security information is added to the External Reference in the Email message. The recipient retrieves and unprotects the secured data object from the store using the information contained in the received, security enhanced External Reference.
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (1994)

We developed a new instrument, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), to assess 10 behavioral disturbances occurring in dementia patients: delusions, hallucinations, dysphoria, anxiety, agitation/aggression, euphoria, disinhibition, irritability/lability, apathy, and aberrant motor activity. The NPI uses a screening strategy to minimize administration time, examining and scoring only those behavioral domains with positive responses to screening questions. Both the frequency and the severity of each behavior are determined. Information for the NPI is obtained from a caregiver familiar with the patient's behavior. Studies reported here demonstrate the content and concurrent validity as well as between-rater, test-retest, and internal consistency reliability; the instrument is both valid and reliable. The NPI has the advantages of evaluating a wider range of psychopathology than existing instruments, soliciting information that may distinguish among different etiologies of dementia, differentiating between severity and frequency of behavioral changes, and minimizing administration time.
Synthetic extracellular matrices for in situ tissue engineering (2004)

Cell interactions with the extracellular matrix play important roles in guiding tissue morphogenesis. The matrix stimulates cells to influence such things as differentiation and the cells actively remodel the matrix via local proteolytic activity. We have designed synthetic hydrogel networks that participate in this interplay: They signal cells via bound adhesion and growth factors, and they also respond to the remodeling influence of cell-associated proteases. Poly(ethylene glycol)-bis-vinylsulfone was crosslinked by a Michael-type addition reaction with a peptide containing three cysteine residues, the peptide sequence being cleavable between each cysteine residue by the cell-associated protease plasmin. Cells were able to invade gel networks that contained adhesion peptides and were crosslinked by plasmin-sensitive peptides, while materials lacking either of these two characteristics resisted cell infiltration. Incorporated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) induced bone healing in a rat model in materials that were both adhesive and plasmin-sensitive, while materials lacking plasmin sensitivity resisted formation of bone within the material. Furthermore, when a heparin bridge was incorporated as a BMP-2 affinity site, mimicking yet another characteristic of the extracellular matrix, statistically improved bone regeneration was observed.
Renal extraction and excretion of endogenous gastrin in the dog. (1973)

Abstract Secretion of endogenous gastrin was induced in anesthetized dogs by the instillation of acetylcholine-sodium bicarbonate into the stomach. Blood samples, drawn simultaneously from an artery and renal vein, were assayed for gastrin with a double antibody radioimmunoassay. In 30 dogs, an average of 30% of renal artery gastrin was extracted from the blood by the kidney. In 3 dogs, simultaneous clearances of gastrin, inulin, and p -aminohippurate were measured. An average of less than 2% of the renal artery gastrin extracted by the kidney was excreted in the urine. Thus, the dog kidney is an important site for the extraction and degradation of endogenous gastrin.
Structure-Activity Relationships of Cytotoxic Cholesterol-Modified DNA Duplexes (1995)

Short DNA duplexes with cholesterol linked at the 3'-terminus of each strand have unique, selective cytotoxic properties. The structural requirements for biological activity were explored through chemical synthesis of analogs and testing in cultured hepatoma cells. Effects of modifications to the sequence, backbone, 3'-sterol, 3'-linker, and 5'-terminus were evaluated. Self-complementary 3'-modified oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) 10-mers were prepared from solid supports bearing the modification and linker of interest. Any changes to the normal phosphodiester backbone were poorly tolerated. The presence of cholesterol or a closely related sterol was an absolute requirement for activity. The length and position of attachment of the linker to cholesterol was important, with longer linkers showing reduced activity. Large, lipophilic groups at the 5'-terminus gave reduced cytotoxicity and poor solubility properties. The short length and unique structure of these ODNs allowed efficient automated synthesis on a 400 mumol scale and simplified purification.
Iron Blocks the Accumulation and Activity of Tetracyclines in Bacteria (2004)

ABSTRACT The apparent sensitivities of several bacterial pathogens to tetracyclines varied by up to 128-fold with the medium content of Fe, but not of other metals. The effect of Fe was independent of superoxide dismutase activity and of intracellular Fe, but accumulation of tetracyclines was blocked in high-Fe medium. Thus, synergistic suppression of bacterial growth in the presence of a low Fe concentration and tetracyclines arises because of elevated antibiotic accumulation.
A Potent Seryl tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor SB-217452 Isolated from a Streptomyces species. (2000)

A potent inhibitor of seryl tRNA synthetase, designated SB-217452 has been isolated from Streptomyces sp. ATCC 700974. The fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation and some properties are described. SB-217452 showed inhibitory activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and rat seryl tRNA synthetases, with similar IC50 values of approximately 8 nM. The inhibitor is the serine linked nucleoside moiety of the antibiotic albomycin delta2. In contrast to albomycin delta2, SB-217452 showed only very weak antibacterial activity against a limited range of microorganisms. The compound has not been previously reported as a naturally occurring metabolite. In addition to SB-217452, albomycin delta2 Fe3+ complex and the novel Al3+ complex were isolated from the fermentation. These complexes had no seryl tRNA synthetase inhibitory activity.
An overview on the global behavior of kinematically redundant robotic manipulators (2002)

Most methods for controlling redundant manipulators are based on local or instantaneous solutions of the kinematic velocity equation, for a given hand-space path or displacement. However, the global, behavior needs to be determined a-priori to avoid unexpected problems like non-repeatability, instability and so on. Global motion planning must pertain not only to the motion of the end-effector but to the whole arm. The mathematical model of redundancy control that we have developed, is based on analyzing certain structures or skeletons of surfaces in the joint space. The advantages of this approach are twofold. For one, it helps explain certain behavior patterns that are induced by given control strategies, while taking into account the geometry of the robot itself. But more important is the fact that it helps devise "better" strategies with which to control the robot and plan its motions.
TSV last for hybrid pixel detectors: Application to particle physics and imaging experiments (2013)

Hybrid pixel detectors are now widely used in particle physics experiments and at synchrotron light sources. They have also stimulated growing interest in other fields and, in particular, in medical imaging. Through the continuous pursuit of miniaturization in CMOS it has been possible to increase the functionality per pixel while maintaining or even shrinking pixel dimensions. The main constraint on the more extensive use of the technology in all fields is the cost of module building and the difficulty of covering large areas seamlessly [1]. On another hand, in the field of electronic component integration, a new approach has been developed in the last years, called 3D Integration. This concept, based on using the vertical axis for component integration, allows improving the global performance of complex systems. Thanks to this technology, the cost and the form factor of components could be decreased and the performance of the global system could be enhanced. In the field of radiation imaging detectors the advantages of 3D Integration come from reduced inter chip dead area even on large surfaces and from improved detector construction yield resulting from the use of single chip 4-side buttable tiles [2]. For many years, numerous R&D centres and companies have put a lot of effort into developing 3D integration technologies and today, some mature technologies are ready for prototyping and production [3]. The core technology of 3D integration is the TSV (Through Silicon Via) and for many years LETI has developed those technologies for various types of applications [4, 5, 6]. In this paper we will present how one of the TSV approaches developed by LETI, called TSV last, has been applied to a readout wafer containing readout chips intended for a hybrid pixel detector assembly [7, 8].
Hip morphology influences the pattern of damage to the acetabular cartilage (2005)

Recently, femoroacetabular impingement has been recognised as a cause of early osteoarthritis. There are two mechanisms of impingement: 1) cam impingement caused by a non-spherical head and 2) pincer impingement caused by excessive acetabular cover. We hypothesised that both mechanisms result in different patterns of articular damage. Of 302 analysed hips only 26 had an isolated cam and 16 an isolated pincer impingement. Cam impingement caused damage to the anterosuperior acetabular cartilage with separation between the labrum and cartilage. During flexion, the cartilage was sheared off the bone by the non-spherical femoral head while the labrum remained untouched. In pincer impingement, the cartilage damage was located circumferentially and included only a narrow strip. During movement the labrum is crushed between the acetabular rim and the femoral neck causing degeneration and ossification. Both cam and pincer impingement lead to osteoarthritis of the hip. Labral damage indicates ongoing impingement and rarely occurs alone.
MKL1 mediates TGF-β1-induced α-smooth muscle actin expression in human renal epithelial cells (2008)

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is known to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the kidney, a process involved in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. We hypothesized that a coactivator of the serum response factor (SRF), megakaryoblastic leukemia factor-1 (MKL1), stimulates alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) transcription in primary cultures of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTC), which convert into myofibroblasts on treatment with TGF-beta1. Herein, we study the effect of MKL1 expression on alpha-SMA in these cells. We demonstrate that TGF-beta1 stimulation of alpha-SMA transcription is mediated through CC(A/T)(6)-rich GG elements known to bind to SRF. These elements also mediate the MKL1 effect that dramatically activates alpha-SMA transcription in serum-free media. MKL1 fused to green fluorescent protein localizes to the nucleus and induces alpha-SMA expression regardless of treatment with TGF-beta1. Using proteasome inhibitors, we also demonstrate that the proteolytic ubiquitin pathway regulates MKL1 expression. These data indicate that MKL1 overexpression is sufficient to induce alpha-SMA expression. Inhibition of endogenous expression of MKL1 by small interfering RNA abolishes TGF-beta1 stimulation of alpha-SMA expression. Therefore, MKL1 is also absolutely required for TGF-beta1 stimulation of alpha-SMA expression. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis show that overexpressed and endogenous MKL1 are located in the nucleus in non-stimulated RTC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrates that TGF-beta1 induces binding of endogenous SRF and MKL1 to the alpha-SMA promoter in chromatin. Since MKL1 constitutes a potent factor regulating alpha-SMA expression, modulation of endogenous MKL1 expression or activity may have a profound effect on myofibroblast formation and function in the kidney.
Neutralization of Chlamydia trachomatis infectivity with antibodies to the major outer membrane protein (1982)

Rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies raised against the major outer membrane protein of the Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum strain 434 neutralized the infectivity of the parasite for HeLa 229 cells. The mechanism by which anti-major outer membrane protein IgG prevented C. trachomatis from establishing infection was studied by using intrinsically 14C-radiolabeled elementary bodies. Neutralized elementary bodies were filterable through a polycarbonate filter (pore diameter, 600 nm), demonstrating that reduction in infectivity was not due to the aggregation of elementary bodies by cross-linking IgG. Antibody-neutralized elementary bodies attached to and penetrated HeLa cells at rats nearly identical to those for infectious organisms exposed to nonneutralizing control IgG. These results suggest that antibody interferes with the infectious process of the parasite after its internalization. Anti-major outer membrane protein Fab fragments could not be substituted for neutralizing IgG antibodies. The requirement for intact IgG implies that cross-linking of antibodies to the major outer membrane protein on the surfaces of the organisms may be instrumental in neutralization.
Management of incidental pancreatic cysts: which guidelines? (2017)

Medicine is not a perfect science. That is no truer than in the evaluation and management of the asymptomatic pancreatic cyst. Ever more common, these cystic lesions frustrate gastroenterologists, surgeons and patients alike. Existing consensus statements and societal guidelines have been based upon expert opinion and little evidence, frequently leaving physicians who care for these patients with more questions than answers. The recent American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) guidelines, which many view as controversial, have continued to stir this pot.
Snoring in Portuguese Primary School Children (2000)

Snoring is a common symptom in Portuguese children that is associated with behavioral daytime and sleep time disturbances. Children with loud snoring may benefit from early evaluation and intervention.
Redox behavior of metallo oxtaethylporhyrins (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox behavior of metallo oxtaethylporhyrinsJurgen H. Furhop, Karl M. Kadish, and Donald G. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 16, 5140–5147Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00797a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00797a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1593Altmetric-Citations370LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the Interpretation of the Nash Bargaining Solution and Its Extension to Non-Expected Utility Preferences (1992)

Ariel Rubinstein, Zvi Safra, William Thomson, On the Interpretation of the Nash Bargaining Solution and Its Extension to Non-Expected Utility Preferences, Econometrica, Vol. 60, No. 5 (Sep., 1992), pp. 1171-1186
Single view metrology (1999)

We describe how 3D affine measurements may be computed from a single perspective view of a scene given only minimal geometric information determined from the image. This minimal information is typically the vanishing line of a reference plane and a vanishing point for a direction not parallel to the plane. It is shown that affine scene structure may then be determined from the image, without knowledge of the camera's internal calibration (e.g. focal length), nor of the explicit relation between camera and world (pose). In particular we show how to: compute the distance between planes parallel to the reference plane (up to a common scale factor); compute area and length ratios on any plane parallel to the reference plane; determine the camera's (viewer's) location. Simple geometric derivations are given for these results. We also develop an algebraic representation which unifies the three types of measurement and, amongst other advantages, permits a first order error propagation analysis to be performed, associating an uncertainty with each measurement. We demonstrate the technique for a variety of applications, including height measurements in forensic images and 3D graphical modelling from single images.
Multilayer Transfer Printing for Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Patterning: Direct Transfer of Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Micropatterned Thin Films (2004)

Patterning of polyelectrolyte multilayers by direct transfer of thin films to substrates using positively charged poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps is demonstrated. Sequentially printed multilayer composites and strong electrostatic interactions between patterns and substrate allow multilevel and multicomponent pattern structures to be achieved (see Figure).
Vibrational Coupling, Isotopic Editing, and β-Sheet Structure in a Membrane-Bound Polypeptide (2004)

The N-acetylated hexapeptide WLLLLL (AcWL5) partitions into lipid membranes and is believed to assemble into an antiparallel beta-sheet. As a test of this structural assignment, the peptide bonds of residues 2-6 were labeled with (13)C and allowed to adsorb onto a supported lipid membrane. Peptides bound to the membrane were examined for evidence of coupling between the labeled vibrational modes in adjacent beta-strands with internal reflection infrared spectroscopy. Experimental results indicate that the amide I absorption band in D(2)O (i.e., amide I') attributable to (13)C is selectively enhanced when the label is at any one of several positions along the peptide backbone. Simulations employing an excitonic model with through-bond and through-space interactions were performed on AcWL5 models in parallel and antiparallel beta-sheet configurations. The simulations yield spectra in good agreement with the experimental results, accounting for the enhancement of both (13)C band intensities and band frequencies. They also yield insight into the physical origin and structure selectivity of the distinctive amide I' band shapes that arise in isotopically edited spectra. It is concluded that the beta-sheet formed by membrane-bound AcWL5 is indeed antiparallel, and the enhancement of (13)C bands in the infrared spectra of these peptides is caused by both interstrand and intrastrand coupling to (12)C modes.