gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coronary artery spasm. medical management, surgical denervation, and autotransplantation. (1977)

Coronary artery spasm was induced by intravascular administration of ergonovine maleate (Ergotrate) during cardiac catheterization. In 78 patients suspected to have Prinzmetal's angina, no morbidity or death has resulted despite complete occlusive spasm in two and three coronary arteries. Typical EKG changes and akinesia of the myocardium in the distribution of the occluded vessels documented functional myocardial ischemia during spasm. The occlusive spasm is readily reversed by sublingual or intravascular nitroglycerin, and ventricular contractility returns to normal following relief of spasm. Occlusive spasm has been demonstrated in 15 patients with clinical evidence of Prinzmetal's angina. Symptoms have been effectively relieved by coronary vasodilators in 10 patients. Of the 5 patients in whom medical therapy failed, 4 were treated surgically. These 4 patients were in the intensive care unit with protracted, prolonged pain, subendocardial infarctions, and persistent failure of coronary vasodilators. Aorta-coronary bypass grafts have been combined with total cardiac denervation by autotransplantation (one patient) and total cardiac denervation by stripping of the great vessels (3 patients). Two of the patients treated by cardiac denervation died in the early postoperative period. The patient treated by autotransplantation has total relief of symptoms but persistent spasm on angiography. The angiographic demonstration of occlusive coronary spasm remains a valuable diagnostic tool to document definitively the presence of spasm. The surgical results question the value of surgical intervention in this disease.
Magnetoelectronics (1998)

An approach to electronics is emerging that is based on the up or down spin of the carriers rather than on electrons or holes as in traditional semiconductor electronics. The physical basis for the observed effects is presented, and the initial successful applications of this technology for information storage are reviewed. Additional opportunities for the exploitation of this technology, which are currently under study, are described.
Numerical modeling and experimental study of a novel leaky wave antenna (2002)

We present the results of numerical modeling of the resonances of the leaky wave antenna using the FDTD technique, and compare the results with the measurement data for the near and far field plots of these antennas. We conclude with the observation that the leaky component of the first higher order mode in the leaky wave antenna radiates in a relatively narrow band. In addition, we also observe that only a part of the power is radiated in this mode and the balance goes to excite the bound first higher order mode, which produces standing waves along the antenna that induce radiation as an array of elementary oscillators.
Effects of nitrate respiration on expression of the Arc-controlled operons encoding succinate dehydrogenase and flavin-linked L-lactate dehydrogenase (1994)

Expression of sdhCDAB (encoding succinate dehydrogenase) and lctD (encoding the flavin-linked L-lactate dehydrogenase) is elevated aerobically and repressed anaerobically in Escherichia coli. The repression is initiated by autophosphorylation of the sensor protein ArcB, followed by phosphoryl group transfer to the regulator ArcA. ArcA-P, a global transcriptional regulator, then prevents sdh and lct expression. The stimulus for ArcB is not O2 deficiency per se. In vitro experiments showed that ArcB phosphorylation is enhanced by pyruvate, D-lactate, acetate, and NADH, the concentrations of which are likely to increase with the lack of an effective exogenous electron sink. In addition to their aerobic function, the two primary dehydrogenases also have roles in anaerobic nitrate respiration. Results presented here indicate that the increase of sdh and lct expression by nitrate depended on its chemical reduction, which in turn diminished the ArcA-P pool. Unexpectedly, a mutation in the fnr gene (encoding a global regulator involved in anaerobic metabolism) also alleviated the anaerobic repressions. Mutations in arcB or arcA were epistatic over that of fnr. Moreover, since this relief was counteracted by pyruvate in the growth medium, Fnr appears to affect formation of stimuli for ArcB. It is possible that Fnr also indirectly affects some of the other members of the arcA modulon, e.g., cyoABCDE (encoding the cytochrome o complex), cydAB (encoding the cytochrome d complex), and sodA (encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase).
Sesquiterpene Synthases from Grand Fir (Abies grandis) (1998)

Grand fir (Abies grandis) has been developed as a model system for the study of oleoresin production in response to stem wounding and insect attack. The turpentine fraction of the oleoresin was shown to contain at least 38 sesquiterpenes that represent 12.5% of the turpentine, with the monoterpenes comprising the remainder. Assays of cell-free extracts from grand fir stem with farnesyl diphosphate as substrate indicated that the constitutive sesquiterpene synthases produced the same sesquiterpenes found in the oleoresin and that, in response to wounding, only two new products were synthesized, delta-cadinene and (E)-alpha-bisabolene. A similarity based cloning strategy yielded two new cDNA species from a stem cDNA library that, when expressed in Escherichia coli and the gene products subsequently assayed, yielded a remarkable number of sesquiterpene products. The encoded enzymes have been named delta-selinene synthase and gamma-humulene synthase based on the principal products formed; however, each enzyme synthesizes three major products and produces 34 and 52 total sesquiterpenes, respectively, thereby accounting for many of the sesquiterpenes of the oleoresin. The deduced amino acid sequence of the delta-selinene synthase cDNA open reading frame encodes a protein of 581 residues (at 67.6 kDa), whereas that of the gamma-humulene synthase cDNA encodes a protein of 593 residues (at 67.9 kDa). The two amino acid sequences are 83% similar and 65% identical to each other and range in similarity from 65 to 67% and in identity from 43 to 46% when compared with the known sequences of monoterpene and diterpene synthases from grand fir. Although the two sesquiterpene synthases from this gymnosperm do not very closely resemble terpene synthases from angiosperm species (52-56% similarity and 26-30% identity, there are clustered regions of significant apparent homology between the enzymes of these two plant classes. The multi-step, multi-product reactions catalyzed by the sesquiterpene synthases from grand fir are among the most complex of any terpenoid cyclase thus far described.
The Handbook of brain theory and neural networks (1996)

From the Publisher:
Dramatically updating and extending the first edition, published in 1995, the second edition of The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks presents the enormous progress made in recent years in the many subfields related to the two great questions: How does the brain work? and, How can we build intelligent machines?
Once again, the heart of the book is a set of almost 300 articles covering the whole spectrum of topics in brain theory and neural networks. The first two parts of the book, prepared by Michael Arbib, are designed to help readers orient themselves in this wealth of material. Part I provides general background on brain modeling and on both biological and artificial neural networks. Part II consists of Maps to help readers steer through articles in part III on specific topics of interest. The articles in part III are written so as to be accessible to readers of diverse backgrounds. They are cross-referenced and provide lists of pointers to Road Maps, background material, and related reading.
The second edition greatly increases the coverage of models of fundamental neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience, and neural network approaches to language. It contains 287 articles, compared to the 266 in the first edition. Articles on topics from the first edition have been updated by the original authors or written anew by new authors, and there are 106 articles on new topics.
Metastable Phase Transition Induced by Ball-Milling in the Ge-Si System (1992)

International audience
Characterization of a Neocallimastix patriciarum cellulase cDNA (celA) homologous to Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase II (1996)

The nucleotide sequence of a cellulase cDNA (celA) from the rumen fungus Neocallimastix patriciarum and the primary structure of the protein which it encodes were characterized. The celA cDNA was 1.95 kb long and had an open reading frame of 1,284 bp, which encoded a polypeptide having 428 amino acid residues. A sequence alignment showed that cellulase A (CELA) exhibited substantial homology with family B cellulases (family 6 glycosyl hydrolases), particularly cellobiohydrolase II from the aerobic fungus Trichoderma reesei. In contrast to previously characterized N. patriciarum glycosyl hydrolases, CELA did not exhibit homology with any other rumen microbial cellulases described previously. Primary structure and function studies in which deletion analysis and a sequence comparison with other well-characterized cellulases were used revealed that CELA consisted of a cellulose-binding domain at the N terminus and a catalytic domain at the C terminus. These two domains were separated by an extremely Asn-rich linker. Deletion of the cellulose-binding domain resulted in a marked decrease in the cellulose-binding ability and activity toward crystalline cellulose. When CELA was expressed in Escherichia coli, it was located predominantly in the periplasmic space, indicating that the signal sequence of CELA was functional in E.coli. Enzymatic studies showed that CELA had an optimal pH of 5.0 and an optimal temperature of 40 degrees C. The specific activity of immunoaffinity-purified CELA against Avicel was 9.7 U/mg of protein, and CELA appeared to be a relatively active cellobiohydrolase compared with the specific activities reported for other cellobiohydrolases, such as T. reesei cellobiohydrolases I and II.
A 3D Packaging Technology for High-Density Stacked DRAM (2007)

A 3D packaging technology has been developed for high-density stacked DRAM. Highly-doped poly-Si through-silicon vias (TSVs) are used for vertical traces inside silicon and interconnection between DRAM chips to realize a DRAM compatible process. Through optimization of the process conditions and layout design, fast poly-Si filling has been obtained. The entire packaging was carried out at the wafer level by using the so-called SMAFTI technology. A new bump and wiring structure for feedthrough interposer (FTI) has also been developed for fine-pitch and low-cost bonding.
An alternative approach to measuring volumetric mammographic breast density (2006)

The effect on the measurement of volumetric breast density of variations in physical and chemical properties of adipose and fibroglandular tissue reported in a number of studies is investigated using the authors' model of mammographic image formation. This model is developed specifically for the measurement of breast density. The effect of varying stromal composition, a popular histopathological explanation of mammographic density, is also discussed. Given the uncertainties in tissue attenuation highlighted by this study, as well as noise, and acquisition model error, the validity of this measurement is discussed, together with alternative measurement scales. Several issues are considered, including the effect of beam quality on normalisation accuracy, and the measurement failure which can occur when clinical data falls outside the limited range defined by 100% adipose to 100% fibroglandular tissue.
Muscular efficiency during steady-rate exercise: effects of speed and work rate (1975)

In a comparison of traditional and theoretical exercise efficiency calculations male subjects were studied during steady-rate cycle ergometer exercises of "0," 200, 400, 600, and 800 kgm/min while pedaling at 40, 60, 80, and 100 rpm. Gross (no base-line correction), net (resting metabolism as base-line correction), work (unloading cycling as base-line correction), and delta (measurable work rate as base-line correction) efficiencies were computed. The result that gross (range 7.5-20.4%) and net (9.8-24.1%) efficiencies increased with increments in work rate was considered to be an artifact of calculation. A LINEAR OR SLIGHTLY EXPONENTIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CALORIC OUTPUT AND WORK RATE DICTATES EITHER CONSTANT OR DECREASING EFFICIENCY WITH INCREMENTS IN WORK. The delta efficiency (24.4-34.0%) definition produced this result. Due to the difficulty in obtaining 0 work equivalents, the work efficiency definition proved difficult to apply. All definitions yielded the result of decreasing efficiency with increments in speed. Since the theoretical-thermodynamic computation (assuming mitochondrial P/O = 3.0 and delta G = -11.0 kcal/mol for ATP) holds only for CHO, the traditional mode of computation (based upon VO2 and R) was judged to be superior since R less than 1.0. Assuming a constant phosphorylative-coupling efficiency of 60%, the mechanical contraction-coupling efficiency appears to vary between 41 and 57%.
Cloning and Sequencing of the Nuclear Gene MIP1 Encoding the Catalytic Subunit of the Yeast Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase (1989)

The nuclear gene MIP1 is strictly required for mitochondrial DNA replication and mitochondrial DNA polymerase activity (Genga, A., Bianchi, L., and Foury, F. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 9328-9332). The MIP1 gene was cloned by genetic complementation of the mip1-1 allele after cell transformation with a yeast genomic library and was mapped to the right arm of chromosome XV about 20 centimorgans distal to the cpa1 gene by Southern blot hybridization and tetrad analysis. The mapping of the 5' ends of the MIP1 transcript and the nucleotide sequence analysis of a 4.7-kilobase DNA fragment complementing the mip1-1 allele allowed the determination of an open reading frame of 3762 nucleotides encoding a basic protein of 143.5 kDa. The following data show that the MIP1 gene encodes the catalytic subunit of the replicative mitochondrial DNA polymerase. 1) The mutant ts71 exhibits both a thermosensitive mitochondrial DNA replication in vivo and a thermosensitive mitochondrial DNA polymerase activity is observed, when compared to that of the wild type strain. 3) Chromosomal disruption of the MIP1 gene by an 80% deletion of the gene and its replacement by URA3 gene is not lethal to the cell but elicits total loss of mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial DNA polymerase activity. 4) The MIP1 protein exhibits sequence similarities with both eukaryotic nuclear DNA polymerases and reverse transcriptases. There is no significant resemblance with prokaryotic DNA polymerases.
New Methods for Surface Reconstruction from Range Images (1997)

The digitization and reconstruction of 3D shapes has numerous applications in areas that include manufacturing, virtual simulation, science, medicine, and consumer marketing. In this thesis, we address the problem of acquiring accurate range data through optical triangulation, and we present a method for reconstructing surfaces from sets of data known as range images.
The standard methods for extracting range data from optical triangulation scanners are accurate only for planar objects of uniform reflectance. Using these methods, curved surfaces, discontinuous surfaces, and surfaces of varying reflectance cause systematic distortions of the range data. We present a new ranging method based on analysis of the time evolution of the structured light reflections. Using this spacetime analysis, we can correct for each of these artifacts, thereby attaining significantly higher accuracy using existing technology. When using coherent illumination such as lasers, however, we show that laser speckle places a fundamental limit on accuracy for both traditional and spacetime triangulation.
The range data acquired by 3D digitizers such as optical triangulation scanners commonly consists of depths sampled on a regular grid, a sample set known as a range image. A number of techniques have been developed for reconstructing surfaces by integrating groups of aligned range images. A desirable set of properties for such algorithms includes: incremental updating, representation of directional uncertainty, the ability to fill gaps in the reconstruction, and robustness in the presence of outliers and distortions. Prior algorithms possess subsets of these properties. In this thesis, we present an efficient volumetric method for merging range images that possesses all of these properties. Using this method, we are able to merge a large number of range images (as many as 70) yielding seamless, high-detail models of up to 2.6 million triangles.
Human milk in the NICU : policy into practice (2009)

This unique text covers the use of banked, or stored, human milk in the hospital for premature and sick infants, and discusses the advantages of human milk feedings and the elements of hazard or risk introduced by the use of formulas, including rationales for the use of both mother's own milk and donor human milk in the NICU. This reference also highlights domestic health policies that impact the use of human milk for sick and fragile infants, international models and policies for milk banking, the history of donor milk banking and how it came into being and ethical issues surrounding the delivery of milk banking services and donor human milk in the NICU.
Models and Mechanisms of Local Anesthetic Cardiac Toxicity (2010)

Cardiovascular collapse, even death, may occur after intoxication with bupivacaine or related amide local anesthetic agents. The problem has been studied in myriad laboratories for more than 20 years. Nevertheless, there is consensus neither regarding which animal model best mimics this clinical catastrophe nor as to which ion channel, enzyme, or other local anesthetic binding site represents the point of initiation for the process. This review aimed to define the various credible mechanisms that have been proposed to explain cardiovascular collapse and death after administration of local anesthetics, particularly after bupivacaine and related agents.
Cyclization–endoperoxidation cascade reactions of dienes mediated by a pyrylium photoredox catalyst (2014)

Triarylpyrylium salts were employed as single electron photooxidants to catalyze a cyclization-endoperoxidation cascade of dienes. The transformation is presumed to proceed via the intermediacy of diene cation radicals. The nature of the diene component was investigated in this context to determine the structural requirements necessary for successful reactivity. Several unique endoperoxide structures were synthesized in yields up to 79%.
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease† (2005)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of a history of significant alcohol use or other known liver disease. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of NAFLD. The Pathology Committee of the NASH Clinical Research Network designed and validated a histological feature scoring system that addresses the full spectrum of lesions of NAFLD and proposed a NAFLD activity score (NAS) for use in clinical trials. The scoring system comprised 14 histological features, 4 of which were evaluated semi-quantitatively: steatosis (0-3), lobular inflammation (0-2), hepatocellular ballooning (0-2), and fibrosis (0-4). Another nine features were recorded as present or absent. An anonymized study set of 50 cases (32 from adult hepatology services, 18 from pediatric hepatology services) was assembled, coded, and circulated. For the validation study, agreement on scoring and a diagnostic categorization ("NASH," "borderline," or "not NASH") were evaluated by using weighted kappa statistics. Inter-rater agreement on adult cases was: 0.84 for fibrosis, 0.79 for steatosis, 0.56 for injury, and 0.45 for lobular inflammation. Agreement on diagnostic category was 0.61. Using multiple logistic regression, five features were independently associated with the diagnosis of NASH in adult biopsies: steatosis (P = .009), hepatocellular ballooning (P = .0001), lobular inflammation (P = .0001), fibrosis (P = .0001), and the absence of lipogranulomas (P = .001). The proposed NAS is the unweighted sum of steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning scores. In conclusion, we present a strong scoring system and NAS for NAFLD and NASH with reasonable inter-rater reproducibility that should be useful for studies of both adults and children with any degree of NAFLD. NAS of > or =5 correlated with a diagnosis of NASH, and biopsies with scores of less than 3 were diagnosed as "not NASH."
Bifunctional Chelators for Therapeutic Lanthanide Radiopharmaceuticals (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionBifunctional Chelators for Therapeutic Lanthanide RadiopharmaceuticalsShuang Liu and D. Scott EdwardsCite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 2001, 12, 4, 653Publication Date (Web):June 23, 2001Publication History Published online23 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bc010069bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/bc010069bcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views610Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (9 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Condensation,Lanthanides,Mechanisms of action,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Forord (1984)

Det annet m&amp;oslash;te om reinforskning i NORs regi ble avviklet p&amp;aring; Kongsvoll, Norge i dagene 9.-12. oktober 1984.