gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Active tuberculosis in Africa is associated with reduced Th1 and increased Th2 activity in vivo (2002)

Activation of Th1 lymphocytes, IFN-gamma production and macrophage activation are crucial in defense against Mycobacteria. In developing countries, Th2 activation and IL-4 production have been associated in vitro with tuberculosis and with poor clinical outcome after treatment. Serological markers of Th1 [soluble lymphocyte activation gene (LAG)-3] and Th2 (IgE, solubleCD30, and CCL22/macrophage-derived chemokine) activity were measured in 414 HIV-negative tuberculosis patients from The Gambia and Guinée and in 414 healthy household and community controls. Measurements were repeated during treatment to assess the effect of therapy on Th1/Th2 ratio. At diagnosis, sLAG-3 levels were lower in patients than in community controls (p<0.0001), but were higher in household controls exposed to contact with patients than in community controls (p<0.0001). In comparison with community controls, patients had consistently higher levels of IgE, sCD30, and CCL22 (p<0.0001), whereas household controls had lower levels of indicators of Th2 activity (p<0.0001). After treatment, cured patients had higher levels of Th1 (p<0.0001) and lower levels of Th2 (p<0.0001) activity than patients who were not successfully treated or interrupted therapy. In Africa, tuberculosis is associated with low Th1 and high Th2 activity in vivo, whereas close exposure to tuberculosis is associated with a high Th1/Th2 ratio. Patients with favorable outcome after treatment exhibit a higher Th1/Th2 ratio compared to patients with poor clinical outcome.
Comparative genomics of the lactic acid bacteria (2006)

Lactic acid-producing bacteria are associated with various plant and animal niches and play a key role in the production of fermented foods and beverages. We report nine genome sequences representing the phylogenetic and functional diversity of these bacteria. The small genomes of lactic acid bacteria encode a broad repertoire of transporters for efficient carbon and nitrogen acquisition from the nutritionally rich environments they inhabit and reflect a limited range of biosynthetic capabilities that indicate both prototrophic and auxotrophic strains. Phylogenetic analyses, comparison of gene content across the group, and reconstruction of ancestral gene sets indicate a combination of extensive gene loss and key gene acquisitions via horizontal gene transfer during the coevolution of lactic acid bacteria with their habitats.
Prenylation inhibitors: a novel class of antiviral agents (2003)

Prenylation is a site-specific lipid modification of proteins. Although first described for a variety of cellular proteins, it has become apparent that viruses can also make use of this post-translational modification provided by their host cells. Depriving a virus access to prenylation can have dramatic effects on the targeted virus's life cycle. Selective pharmacological inhibitors of prenylating enzymes have been developed and shown to have potent antiviral effects in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Because prenylation inhibitors target a host cell function, are available in oral form and are surprisingly well tolerated in human trials, these compounds represent an attractive new class of antiviral agents with potential for broad-spectrum activity. After a brief outline of host cell prenylation pathways, we review below the development of prenylation inhibition as an antiviral strategy applied to a prototype target, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and discuss the potential application of prenylation inhibitors to a broad range of other viruses.
유아교사가 지각한 원장의 감성리더십이 교사의 행복감과 교사-유아의 상호작용에 미치는 영향 (2019)

본 연구에서는 유아교사가 지각한 원장의 감성리더십이 교사의 행복감과 교사-유아의 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 실시되었다. 서울과 경기에서 근무하는 유치원과 어린이집 교사 330명을 대상으로 설문지를 통한 조사를 실시하였다. 예
비조사는 2018년 11월 1주차에 진행하였고, 본 조사는 11월 10일부터 12월 9일까지한 달동안 이루어졌다....
A Mechanism of Central Sleep Apnea in Patients with Heart Failure (1999)

Enhanced sensitivity to carbon dioxide may predispose some patients with heart failure to the development of central sleep apnea.
Influence of RNA extraction methods and library selection schemes on RNA-seq data (2014)

We could show that the combination of Trizol-based RNA extraction with rRNA depletion sequencing protocols led to the largest fraction of intronic reads, after the sequencing of the nuclear transcriptome. We discuss here the impact of the various strategies on gene expression and alternative splicing estimation measures. Further, we propose guidelines and a double selection strategy for minimizing the expression biases, without loss of information.
Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleuktn-1 in the Serum of Children with Severe Infectious Purpura (1988)

Because of the possible involvement of cytokines in gram-negative septicemia, we investigated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, alpha interferon, and gamma interferon in children with gram-negative sepsis and purpura fulminans. We studied 55 patients (ages, 1 month to 19 years) with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis and purpuric lesions who were in shock or had three or more other biologic risk factors. The mortality rate was correlated with the number of risk factors present on admission to the hospital (P = 0.03). Tumor necrosis factor alpha was elevated in 91 percent of the 35 patients tested, interleukin-1 in 21 percent of the 33 patients tested, and gamma interferon in 19 percent of the 32 tested. Alpha interferon levels were within normal limits in the 32 patients tested. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha were positively correlated with the number of risk factors (P less than 0.05) and negatively correlated with blood fibrinogen levels (P = 0.01). Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1, and gamma interferon were significantly higher in patients who died than in the survivors. Alpha interferon levels were similar in the two groups. Serum concentrations of both interleukin-1 and gamma interferon were correlated with concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha. These data provide evidence that serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1, and gamma interferon correlate with the severity of meningococcemia in children. The findings may have implications for new therapeutic approaches.
Mutagenic Analysis of the Roles of SH2 and SH3 Domains in Regulation of the Abl Tyrosine Kinase (1994)

We have used in vitro mutagenesis to examine in detail the roles of two modular protein domains, SH2 and SH3, in the regulation of the Abl tyrosine kinase. As previously shown, the SH3 domain suppresses an intrinsic transforming activity of the normally nontransforming c-Abl product in vivo. We show here that this inhibitory activity is extremely position sensitive, because mutants in which the position of the SH3 domain within the protein is subtly altered are fully transforming. In contrast to the case in vivo, the SH3 domain has no effect on the in vitro kinase activity of the purified protein. These results are consistent with a model in which the SH3 domain binds a cellular inhibitory factor, which in turn must physically interact with other parts of the kinase. Unlike the SH3 domain, the SH2 domain is required for transforming activity of activated Abl alleles. We demonstrate that SH2 domains from other proteins (Ras-GTPase-activating protein, Src, p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase subunit, and Crk) can complement the absence of the Abl SH2 domain and that mutants with heterologous SH2 domains induce altered patterns of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in vivo. The positive function of the SH2 domain is relatively position independent, and the effect of multiple SH2 domains appears to be additive. These results suggest a novel mechanism for regulation of tyrosine kinases in which the SH2 domain binds to, and thereby enhances the phosphorylation of, a subset of proteins phosphorylated by the catalytic domain. Our data also suggest that the roles of the SH2 and SH3 domains in the regulation of Abl are different in several respects from the roles proposed for these domains in the closely related Src family of tyrosine kinases.
XQTav: an XQuery processor for Taverna environment (2006)

XQtav is an open source software. It may be downloaded from http://xqtav.sourceforge.net/. The page also contains various tutorials and examples, including the one described in this report.
Increased life span and correction of metabolic defects in murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (1991)

The gusmps/gusmps mouse has no beta-glucuronidase activity and develops murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII). The clinical and pathologic abnormalities are similar to those found in humans with severe MPS VII. Mutant mice are dysmorphic, dwarfed, and have a shortened life span. Pathologic findings include widespread lysosomal storage. To determine whether bone marrow transplantation (BMT) corrects these abnormalities, genetically identical mutant animals were given syngeneic bone marrow transplants using cells from +/+ mice. Initial experiments showed that levels of beta-glucuronidase activity in recipient tissues correlated with the amount of radiation administered before BMT. Two groups of mice given BMT therapy were observed for periods of 1 and 2 years, respectively. These mice were evaluated using a combination of clinical, biochemical, histochemical, and pathologic analyses. Spleen, liver, cornea, and glomerular mesangial cells showed essentially complete correction at all radiation doses. Storage was partially corrected in meninges and perivascular cells in brain, and in renal tubular epithelial cells at the higher radiation doses. Life span in BMT-treated animals was increased approximately three-fold, approaching that seen in normal mice after BMT. These results support the position that BMT has a place in the therapeutic regimen for MPS VII.
Mitochondrial Energetics and Therapeutics (2010)

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to a wide range of degenerative and metabolic diseases, cancer, and aging. All these clinical manifestations arise from the central role of bioenergetics in cell biology. Although genetic therapies are maturing as the rules of bioenergetic genetics are clarified, metabolic therapies have been ineffectual. This failure results from our limited appreciation of the role of bioenergetics as the interface between the environment and the cell. A systems approach, which, ironically, was first successfully applied over 80 years ago with the introduction of the ketogenic diet, is required. Analysis of the many ways that a shift from carbohydrate glycolytic metabolism to fatty acid and ketone oxidative metabolism may modulate metabolism, signal transduction pathways, and the epigenome gives us an appreciation of the ketogenic diet and the potential for bioenergetic therapeutics.
Electroluminescent device based on silicon nanopillars (1996)

Silicon nanopillars were fabricated by using deep UV lithography, highly anisotropic silicon reactive ion etching based on fluorine chemistry, and high-temperature thermal oxidation for further thinning. Pillars with a diameter below 10 nm and a height in the 0.4–0.6 μm range were obtained while lying on a very smooth bottom silicon surface. An isolating transparent polymer was then used to fill in the etched area containing the pillars and, therefore, planarize and isolate the pillars. Oxygen plasma was used in order to remove the resistance from the top of the pillars. They were then contacted by a thin contact layer (gold or indium tin oxide), evaporated on the top of them. An Ohmic contact was also formed on the back side of the wafer. The obtained device showed rectifying behavior and forward voltages exceeding 10–12 V electroluminescence was observed, visible with the naked eye.
Recent Advances in Polymeric Materials Used as Electron Mediators and Immobilizing Matrices in Developing Enzyme Electrodes (2012)

Different classes of polymeric materials such as nanomaterials, sol-gel materials, conducting polymers, functional polymers and biomaterials have been used in the design of sensors and biosensors. Various methods have been used, for example from direct adsorption, covalent bonding, crossing-linking with glutaraldehyde on composites to mixing the enzymes or use of functionalized beads for the design of sensors and biosensors using these polymeric materials in recent years. It is widely acknowledged that analytical sensing at electrodes modified with polymeric materials results in low detection limits, high sensitivities, lower applied potential, good stability, efficient electron transfer and easier immobilization of enzymes on electrodes such that sensing and biosensing of environmental pollutants is made easier. However, there are a number of challenges to be addressed in order to fulfill the applications of polymeric based polymers such as cost and shortening the long laboratory synthetic pathways involved in sensor preparation. Furthermore, the toxicological effects on flora and fauna of some of these polymeric materials have not been well studied. Given these disadvantages, efforts are now geared towards introducing low cost biomaterials that can serve as alternatives for the development of novel electrochemical sensors and biosensors. This review highlights recent contributions in the development of the electrochemical sensors and biosensors based on different polymeric material. The synergistic action of some of these polymeric materials and nanocomposites imposed when combined on electrode during sensing is discussed.
Recombination Radiation in Anthracene Crystals (1965)

Received 16 November 1964DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.229©1965 American Physical Society
Scavenging of active oxygens by melanoidins. (1989)

Mise en evidence par resonance electronique de spin de l'effet antioxydant des melanoidines vis-a-vis des formes actives de l'oxygene, principalement les radicaux superoxyde et le peroxyde d'hydrogene
Welding properties with high power pulsed CO2 laser (1986)

As one of the method to improve penetration bead shapes and defects (particularly root porosity), pulsed CO2 laser welding properties has been investigated using 5kW CO2 laser. Power level, pulsed frequency, and duty were varied. From this experiment, it was found that the lower duty pulsed laser beam can form the deeper penetration depth. For example, even if the average power is 2.5 kW with 50% duty, the the same penetration depth could be produced with approximately half speed as CW 5kW could be. Proper region which could produce a weld bead with minimun porosities was 30-60 pulses/cm with lower duty condition.
Math on Trial: How Numbers Get Used and Abused in the Courtroom (2014)

(2014). Math on Trial: How Numbers Get Used and Abused in the Courtroom. Math Horizons: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 25-25.
Human endothelial cells are chemotactic to endothelial cell growth factor and heparin. (1985)

The response of human endothelial cell migration to various extracellular matrix components and growth factors has been assessed. Human endothelial cells demonstrate increased chemotaxis and chemokinesis when placed in a modified Boyden chamber with endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF) used at a concentration of 10(-9) M. Anti-ECGF antibody inhibits the chemotactic response. Heparin (10(-8) to 10(-10) M) was also chemotactic and was shown to potentiate the chemotactic activity of ECGF. Although laminin, fibronectin, the polypeptide (epidermal, fibroblast, and nerve) growth factors, and collagen types I, II, III, IV, and V demonstrate a chemotactic response, these activities were one third to one half less than observed with ECGF. These data suggest that ECGF and heparin may play a significant role as response modifiers of human endothelial cell migration which may be relevant to tumor metastasis, wound healing, and atherogenesis.
Kinetics and mechanism of the thiolytic removal of the dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) amino protecting group (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanism of the thiolytic removal of the dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) amino protecting groupGeorge Barany and R. B. MerrifieldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 9, 3084–3095Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00529a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00529a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views548Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Neurological disability correlates with spinal cord axonal loss and reducedN-acetyl aspartate in chronic multiple sclerosis patients (2000)

Axonal degeneration has been proposed as a cause of irreversible neurological disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The purpose of this study was to quantify axonal loss in spinal cord lesions from 5 paralyzed (Expanded Disability Status Scale score > or =7.5) MS patients and to determine if axonal number or volume correlated with levels of the neuronal marker N-acetyl aspartate (NAA). Axonal loss in MS lesions ranged from 45 to 84% and averaged 68%. NAA levels were significantly reduced (>50%) in cross sections of spinal cords containing MS lesions. Reduced NAA correlated with reduced axonal numbers within lesion areas. In addition, NAA levels per axonal volume were significantly reduced in demyelinated axons (42%) and in myelinated axons in normal-appearing white matter (30%). The data support axonal loss as a major cause of irreversible neurological disability in paralyzed MS patients and indicate that reduced NAA as measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy can reflect axonal loss and reduced NAA levels in demyelinated and myelinated axons.
Mask repair induced defect study and characterization (2005)

Mask defect repair is a key part of manufacturing high quality masks. Issues such as low-level transmission defect have not been solved. A series of experiments was conducted to review the effects of gallium staining generated by older generation (FIB) focused ion beam repair tool. Deposition and chemical etching with a FIB tool is done in order to correct the defective areas. Dispersion of chemicals in a molecular beam to the area of interest with a well-defined amount of molecules and monolayers will ensure correct amount of material is removed. This repair technique-using FIB, results in other problems that impacts light transmission. This effect of transmission becomes an issue at extremes of focus exposure matrix. Gallium implantation defect resulting from focusing gallium ion beams to repair is not a killer Deep UV (DUV) defect since it is considered to be an invisible transmission type. We will discuss how an attempt to repair chrome extension defect on contact-hole mask lead to edge placement problems. This is due to defects can be invisible to blue lasers in mask inspection systems, and can still be printed on wafer. A detailed study on how to characterize these problems using different methods and tools will be discussed.
Aminoglycoside−Nucleic Acid Interactions:  Remarkable Stabilization of DNA and RNA Triple Helices by Neomycin (2001)

The stabilization of poly(dA).2poly(dT) triplex, a 22-base DNA triplex, and poly(rA).2poly(rU) triple helix by neomycin is reported. The melting temperatures, the association and dissociation kinetic parameters, and activation energies (E(on) and E(off)) for the poly(dA).2poly(dT) triplex in the presence of aminoglycosides and other triplex binding ligands were determined by UV thermal analysis. Our results indicate that: (i) neomycin stabilizes DNA triple helices, and the double helical structures composed of poly(dA).poly(dT) are virtually unaffected. (ii) Neomycin is the most active and triplex-selective stabilization agent among all aminoglycosides, previously studied minor groove binders, and polycations. Its selectivity (DeltaT(m3-->2) vs DeltaT(m2)(-->)(1)) exceeds most intercalating drugs that bind to triple helices. (iii) Neomycin selectively stabilizes DeltaT(m3)(-->)(2) for a mixed 22-base DNA triplex containing C and T bases in the pyrimidine strand. (iv) The rate constants of formation of triplex (k(on)) are significantly enhanced upon increasing molar ratios of neomycin, making triplex association rates closer to duplex association rates. (v) E(on) values become more negative upon increasing concentration of aminoglycosides (paromomycin and neomycin). E(off) values do not show any change for most aminoglycosides except neomycin. (vi) Aminoglycosides can effectively stabilize RNA [poly(rA).2poly(rU)] triplex, with neomycin[being one of the most active ligands discovered to date (second only to ellipticine). (vii) The stabilization effect of aminoglycosides on triple helices is parallel to their toxic behavior, suggesting a possible role of intramolecular triple helix (H-DNA) stabilization by the aminoglycosides.
Biological Activities Encoded by the Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transcriptome Provide a Basis for Their Developmental Potential and Broad Therapeutic Efficacy (2005)

We used serial analysis of gene expression to catalog the transcriptome of murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enriched from bone marrow by immunodepletion. Interrogation of this database, results of which are delineated in the appended databases, revealed that immunodepleted murine MSCs (IDmMSCs) highly express transcripts encoding connective tissue proteins and factors modulating T-cell proliferation, inflammation, and bone turnover. Categorizing the transcriptome based on gene ontologies revealed the cells also expressed mRNAs encoding proteins that regulate mesoderm development or that are characteristic of determined mesenchymal cell lineages, thereby reflecting both their stem cell nature and differentiation potential. Additionally, IDmMSCs also expressed transcripts encoding proteins regulating angiogenesis, cell motility and communication, hematopoiesis, immunity and defense as well as neural activities. Immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis revealed that expression of various regulatory proteins was restricted to distinct subpopulations of IDmMSCs. Moreover, in some cases, these proteins were absent or expressed at reduced levels in other murine MSC preparations or cell lines. Lastly, by comparing their transcriptome to that of 17 other murine cell types, we also identified 43 IDmMSC-specific transcripts, the nature of which reflects their varied functions in bone and marrow. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IDmMSC express a diverse repertoire of regulatory proteins, which likely accounts for their demonstrated efficacy in treating a wide variety of diseases. The restricted expression pattern of these proteins within populations suggests that the cellular composition of marrow stroma and its associated functions are more complex than previously envisioned.