gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Will hard drives finally stop shrinking? (2005)

There have been explosive growth in the sales of small digital consumer electronic devices such as still and video cameras, TiVo personal video recorders (PVRs), and MP3 players like Apple Computer's iPod. As these devices have gained capabilities, they have needed larger storage capacities in smaller packages, often in the form of hard drives. For handheld and consumer electronic devices, the increasingly popular minidrives are generally up to 1.8 inches in diameter with storage capacity of up to 60 Gbytes. However, vendors have been releasing drives just 1 inch in diameter, and some, such as Toshiba, have announced drives as small as 0.85 inches in diameter. Various experts say the technology for shrinking disk technology has reached its limit and that there is little demand or market pressure for smaller drives. If vendors can't reduce drive size, companies that want to shrink their devices further may have to turn to flash memory or other types of smaller storage. This potential for losing business has forced drive vendors to look for ways to adjust.
TRACCS: Trajectory-Aware Coordinated Urban Crowd-Sourcing (2014)

We investigate the problem of large-scale mobile crowd-tasking, where a large pool of citizen crowd-workers are used to perform a variety of location-specific urban logis-tics tasks. Current approaches to such mobile crowd-tasking are very decentralized: a crowd-tasking platform usually pro-vides each worker a set of available tasks close to the worker’s current location; each worker then independently chooses which tasks she wants to accept and perform. In contrast, we propose TRACCS, a more coordinated task assignment ap-proach, where the crowd-tasking platform assigns a sequence of tasks to each worker, taking into account their expected location trajectory over a wider time horizon, as opposed to just instantaneous location. We formulate such task assign-ment as an optimization problem, that seeks to maximize the total payoff from all assigned tasks, subject to a maximum bound on the detour (from the expected path) that a worker will experience to complete her assigned tasks. We develop credible computationally-efficient heuristics to address this optimization problem (whose exact solution requires solving a complex integer linear program), and show, via simulations with realistic topologies and commuting patterns, that a spe-cific heuristic (called Greedy-ILS) increases the fraction of assigned tasks by more than 20%, and reduces the average detour overhead by more than 60%, compared to the current decentralized approach.
2D Homologous Perovskites as Light-Absorbing Materials for Solar Cell Applications (2015)

We report on the fabrication and properties of the semiconducting 2D (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)(n-1)Pb(n)I(3n+1) (n = 1, 2, 3, and 4) perovskite thin films. The band gaps of the series decrease with increasing n values, from 2.24 eV (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2PbI4 (n = 1) to 1.52 eV CH3NH3PbI3 (n = ∞). The compounds exhibit strong light absorption in the visible region, accompanied by strong photoluminescence at room temperature, rendering them promising light absorbers for photovoltaic applications. Moreover, we find that thin films of the semi-2D perovskites display an ultrahigh surface coverage as a result of the unusual film self-assembly that orients the [Pb(n)I(3n+1)](-) layers perpendicular to the substrates. We have successfully implemented this 2D perovskite family in solid-state solar cells, and obtained an initial power conversion efficiency of 4.02%, featuring an open-circuit voltage (V(oc)) of 929 mV and a short-circuit current density (J(sc)) of 9.42 mA/cm(2) from the n = 3 compound. This result is even more encouraging considering that the device retains its performance after long exposure to a high-humidity environment. Overall, the homologous 2D halide perovskites define a promising class of stable and efficient light-absorbing materials for solid-state photovoltaics and other applications.
Inhibition of the Interaction between Tyrosine-based Motifs and the Medium Chain Subunit of the AP-2 Adaptor Complex by Specific Tyrphostins (1998)

Several intracellular membrane trafficking events are mediated by tyrosine-containing motifs found within the cytosolic domains of certain integral membrane proteins. Many of these tyrosine motifs conform to the consensus YXXPhi (where Phi represents a bulky hydrophobic residue). This YXXPhi motif has been shown to interact with the medium chain subunits of adaptor complexes that generally link relevant integral membrane protein cytosolic domains to the clathrin coat involved in vesicle formation. The motif YXXPhi is also very similar to motifs that are targets for phosphorylation by tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors known as tyrphostins are structural analogues of tyrosine, and so it is possible that tyrphostins could also inhibit interactions between medium chains and YXXPhi motifs. TGN38 is a type I integral membrane protein containing a tyrosine motif, YQRL, within the cytosolic domain. We have previously shown that this motif interacts directly with the medium chain subunit of the plasma membrane localized AP-2 adaptor complex (mu2). We have investigated a range of tyrphostins and demonstrated a specific inhibition of the interaction between mu2 and the TGN38 cytosolic domain by tyrphostin A23 through in vitro analysis and the yeast two-hybrid system. These data raise the exciting possibility that different membrane traffic events could be inhibited by specific tyrphostins.
Protein Kinase C Activates Store-operated Ca2+Channels in Human Glomerular Mesangial Cells (2001)

Store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOC) are expressed in cultured human mesangial cells and activated by epidermal growth factor through a pathway involving protein kinase C (PKC). We used fura-2 fluorescence and patch clamp experiments to determine the role of PKC in mediating the activation of SOC after depletion of internal stores by thapsigargin. The measurements of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) revealed that the thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) entry pathway was abolished by calphostin C, a protein kinase C inhibitor. The PKC activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), promoted a Ca(2+) influx that was significantly attenuated by calphostin C and La(3+) but not by diltiazem. Neither PMA nor calphostin C altered the thapsigargin-induced initial transient rise in [Ca(2+)](i). In cell-attached patch clamp experiments, the thapsigargin-induced activation of SOC was potentiated by PMA and abolished by both calphostin C and staurosporine. However, SOC was unaffected by thapsigargin when clamping [Ca(2+)](i) with 1,2-bis (o-Aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'tetraacetic acid tetra(acetoxymethyl)ester. In the absence of thapsigargin, PMA and phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate evoked a significant increase in NP(O) of SOC, whereas calphostin C did not affect base-line channel activity. In inside-out patches, SOC activity ran down immediately upon excision but was reactivated significantly after adding the catalytic subunit of 0.1 unit/ml of PKC plus 100 microm ATP. Neither ATP alone nor ATP with heat-inactivated PKC rescued a rundown of SOC. Metavanadate, a general protein phosphatase inhibitor, also enhanced SOC activity in inside-out patches. Bath [Ca(2+)] did not significantly affect the channel activity in inside-out patch. These results indicate that the depletion of Ca(2+) stores activates SOC by PKC-mediated phosphorylation of the channel proteins or a membrane-associated complex.
A Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte from a Melanoma Metastasis with Decreased Expression of Melanoma Differentiation Antigens Recognizes MAGE-12 (2000)

Twenty separate tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) bulk cultures and a tumor cell line were originated simultaneously from a fine needle aspiration biopsy of a metastasis in a patient with melanoma (F001) previously immunized with the HLA-A*0201-associated gp100:209-217(210 M) peptide. None of the TIL recognized gp100. However, 12 recognized autologous (F001-MEL) and allogeneic melanoma cells expressing the HLA haplotype A*0201, B*0702, Cw*0702. Further characterization of F001-MEL demonstrated loss of gp100/PMel17, severely decreased expression of other melanoma differentiation Ags and retained expression of tumor-specific Ags. Transfection of HLA class I alleles into B*0702/Cw*0702-negative melanoma cell lines identified HLA-Cw*0702 as the restriction element for F001-TIL. A cDNA library from F001-MEL was used to transfect IFN-alpha-stimulated 293 human embryonal kidney (293-HEK) cells expressing HLA-Cw*0702. A 100-gene pool was identified that induced recognition of 293-HEK cells by F001-TIL. Subsequent cloning of the pool identified a cDNA sequence homologous, except for one amino acid (aa 187 D-->A), to MAGE-12. Among 25 peptide sequences from MAGE-12 with the HLA-Cw*0702 binding motif, MAGE-12:170-178 (VRIGHLYIL) induced IFN-gamma release by F001-TIL when pulsed on F001-EBV-B cells at concentrations as low as 10 pg/ml. Peptide sequences from MAGE-1, 2, 3, 4a, and 6 aligned to MAGE-12:170-178 were not recognized by F001-TIL. In summary a TIL recognizing a MAGE protein was developed from an HLA-A*0201 expressing tumor with strongly reduced expression of melanoma differentiation Ags. Persisting tumor-specific Ag expression maintained tumor immune competence suggesting that tumor-specific Ags/melanoma differentiation Ags may complement each other in the context of melanoma Ag-specific vaccination.
Signals Regulating Multiple Responses to Wounding and Herbivores (2001)

ABSTRACT Damage inflicted by herbivore feeding necessitates multiple defense strategies in plants. The wound site must be sealed and defense responses mounted against the herbivore itself and against invading opportunistic pathogens. These defenses are controlled both in time and space by highly complex regulatory networks that themselves are modulated by interactions with other signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the signaling events that occur in individual wounded leaves, in systemic unwounded regions of the plant, and between the plant, and other organisms, and attempt to place these events in the context of a coordinated system. Key signals that are discussed include ion fluxes, active oxygen species, protein phosphorylation cascades, the plant hormones jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and salicylic acid, peptide signals, glycans, volatile chemicals, and physical signals such as hydraulic and electrical signals. Themes that emerge after consideration of the published data are that glycans and peptide elicitors are likely primary triggers of wound-induced defense responses and that they function through the action of jasmonic acid, a central mediator of defense gene expression, whose effect is modulated by ethylene. In the field, wound signaling pathways are significantly impacted on by other stress response pathways, including pathogen responses that often operate through potentially antagonistic signals such as salicylic acid. However, gross generalisations are not possible because some wound and pathogen responses operate through common jasmonate- and ethylene-dependent pathways. Understanding the ways in which local and systemic wound signaling pathways are coordinated individually and in the context of the plants wider environment is a key challenge in the application of this science to crop-protection strategies.
Emerging concern of infectious diseases in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (2017)

<b>Background:</b> Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most studied cancers in cancer immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have unique immune related adverse effects. However, little is known about infectious diseases occurring during ICI treatment. <b>Aims and Objectives:</b> To examine the incidence and risk factors of infectious diseases in NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively reviewed NSCLC patients who received nivolumab, one of the ICIs, at National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center and Kyoto University Hospital between December 2015 and November 2016. We counted all infectious diseases, occurring after initiation of nivolumab until 6 months after discontinuation. <b>Results:</b> Eighty-four NSCLC patients received nivolumab during the observational period. Of 84 patients, 20 (23.8%) patients developed an infectious disease. Fifteen patients (pneumonia, 9; lung abscess, 1; bloodstream infection, 2; skin infection, 2; tuberculosis, 1), two patients (Aspergillus, 1; Trichophyton, 1) and three patients (Zoster, 1; influenza, 2) developed bacterial, fungal and viral infection, respectively. There were no significant differences in characteristics, number of prior chemotherapies and nivolumab between patients with and without infection. Of 20 patients with infection, 10 (50%) had a history of steroid use during nivolumab treatment. However, there was no significant difference in corticosteroid use between patients with and without infection (50% vs. 56%, P=0.62). <b>Conclusion:</b> Incidence of infectious diseases was relatively high in patients with nivolumab treatment. ICI has a potential risk for infectious disease regardless of steroid use.
Differential DNA methylation profiles in gynecological cancers and correlation with clinico-pathological data (2006)

Thus, differential methylation profiles occur in the three types of gynecologic cancer. Detection of methylation for critical loci is potentially useful as epigenetic markers in tumor classification. More studies using a much larger sample size are needed to define the potential role of DNA methylation as marker for cancer management.
Scopemate (2011)

We propose a new interaction mechanism for inspection microscopy. The novel input device combines an optically augmented web-cam with a head tracker. A head tracker controls the inspection angle of a webcam fitted with ap-propriate microscope optics. This allows an operator the full use of their hands while intuitively looking at the work area from different perspectives.
Hepsin and Maspin are Inversely Expressed in Laser Capture Microdissectioned Prostate Cancer (2003)

We conclude that the increased ratio of hepsin-to-maspin may have an important role in prostate cancer progression and invasion.
연구논문 : Formic acid 를 처리한 전지대두 첨가급여가 이유자돈의 성장에 미치는 영향 (1995)

본 시험은 이유자돈의 기본사료인 prestarter는 3∼5주령까지, starter사료는 5∼8주령까지 급여할때, Formic acid(99%)를 전지대두에 1% 수준으로 spray한 사료를 제조하여 기본사료에 0, 3, 5 및 7% 수준으로 첨가하여 급여하였 때 성적과 경제성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 공시자돈은 3원 교잡종으로 생후 21일령에 평균체중이 6.18㎏ 정도의 자돈을 총 108 두 공시하여 4 처리에 3 반복으로 하고 반복당 9 두씩 임의배치하여 35일간 사양시험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
1. 중체량은 산을 처리한 전지대두를 급여함으로서 3∼8주령간에는 대조구에 비하여 높고(P<0.05), 3∼5주령간에는 5∼8주령간보다 높았으나 유의성은 없었다.
2. 사료섭취량은 산을 처리한 전지대두의 첨가수준이 3% 수준에서 3∼5주령간에서 유의적으로 높았고(P<0.05), 5∼8주령간에는 대조구에서 유의적으로 높아 산을 처리한 전지대두를 첨가함으로서 사료섭취량이 낮았다(P<0.05). 3∼8주령간에는 산을 처리한 전지대두의 첨가로 사료섭취량이 낮았으나 유의성을 없었다.
3. 사료요구율은 산을 처리한 전지대두의 첨가수준이 높을수록 개선되는 경향이나 유의성은 없없다.
4. 시험기간중 섭취한 사료비와 증체량으로서 경제성을 비교한 결과 산을 처리한 전지대두의 첨가수준이 증가할수록 사료비는 절감되었고, 7% 수준에서 가장 양호하였다.
Isolation and characterization of volatile sulfur-containing meat flavor components in model systems (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and characterization of volatile sulfur-containing meat flavor components in model systemsPeter Werkhoff, Juergen Bruening, Roland Emberger, Matthias Guentert, Manfred Koepsel, Walter Kuhn, and Horst SurburgCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 3, 777–791Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00093a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views505Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Three Estates (2016)

This is the first ever English translation of Sir David Lindsay’s masterpiece of 16th-century Scottish political theatre, Ane Pleasant Satyre of the Thrie Estaitis in Commendatioun of Vertew and Vituperatioune of Vyce. The work’s importance lies in its status as a well-known piece of national literature, and as a historical document of interest to historians of Scottish and European court politics.The verse translation available here is of over 3,000 lines, in an edition which combines a historical and critical introduction with the possibilities of modern performance. Besides issues of text and translation, the introduction examines the background of Scotland in 1552, the author and his audience, the play’s performance history and its position as a Renaissance text. A work on a grand scale with a cast of over 40, the play confronts and resolves the ill-counselled, misrule of young King Humanity through the intervention, not only of King Correction and of learned contemporaries, but also through the fearless condemnations of the Poor Man and the political resolution of John The Common Weal. Its conclusions are humanly centred, popularly representative and yet strikingly realistic. They, and their manner of expression, make an ideal object for the study of a society poised between the pluralism of the Renaissance and the rigour of the Reformation.
Composite Wall Concept for High-Temperature Turbine Shrouds–Heat Transfer Analysis (1980)

A heat transfer analysis was made of a composite wall shroud consisting of a ceramic thermal barrier layer bonded to a porous metal layer which, in turn, is bonded to a metal base. The porous metal layer serves to mitigate the strain differences between the ceramic and the metal base. Various combinations of ceramic and porous metal layer thicknesses and of porous metal densities and thermal conductivities were investigated to determine the layer thicknesses required to maintain a limiting temperature in the porous metal layer. Analysis showed that the composite wall offered significant air cooling flow reductions compared to an all impingement air cooled, all metal shroud.
Production of Icosapentaenoic Acid from Marine Bacteria and its Genetic Engineering (1995)

A marine bacterium, judged as a new species close to Shewanella putrefaciens, was isolated from the intestinal contents of the Pacific mackerel. The isolated strain SCRC-2738 prodused EPA as a sole polyunsaturated fatty acid amounting to 2540 % of the total fatty acid in the cells. EPA existed as phospholipids in the cell and was found in the sn-2-position of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol.The physiological activity of the EPA-phospholipids extracted from SCRC-2738 cells was examined following administration to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. After four weeks of oral administration, serum lipids (choresterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipid) and the systolic blood pressure were reduced significantly, compared to the control rats fed soybean lecithin. Moreover, we observed a significant reduction of the weight of perirenal and paraepididymal adipose tissues (2638 %).The 38 kbp genome DNA fragment was cloned from SCRC-2738 and expressed in Escherichia coli, which resulted in the production of EPA. The nucleotide sequence of the 38 kbp DNA fragment was determined. The DNA fragment contains eight open reading frames, and three of them possess homology with enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis.
Post-natal induction of PGC-1α protects against severe muscle dystrophy independently of utrophin (2014)

These data demonstrate that PGC-1α can improve muscle dystrophy post-natally, highlighting its therapeutic potential. The data also show that PGC-1α is equally protective in the more severely affected mdx/utrn-/- mice, which more closely recapitulates the aggressive progression of muscle damage seen in DMD patients. The data also identify PGC-1β as a novel potential target, equally efficacious in protecting against muscle dystrophy. Finally, the data also show that PGC-1α and PGC-1β protect against dystrophy independently of utrophin or of induction of the neuromuscular junction, indicating the existence of other mechanisms.
Preparation and Biological Evaluation of Indole, Benzimidazole, and Thienopyrrole Piperazine Carboxamides:  Potent Human Histamine H4Antagonists (2005)

Three series of H(4) receptor ligands, derived from indoly-2-yl-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-methanones, have been synthesized and their structure-activity relationships evaluated for activity at the H(4) receptor in competitive binding and functional assays. In all cases, substitution of small lipophilic groups in the 4 and 5-positions led to increased activity in a [(3)H]histamine radiolabeled ligand competitive binding assay. In vitro metabolism and initial pharmacokinetic studies were performed on selected compounds leading to the identification of indole 8 and benzimidazole 40 as potent H(4) antagonists with the potential for further development. In addition, both 8 and 40 demonstrated efficacy in in vitro mast cell and eosinophil chemotaxis assays.
Fully Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (2014)

Quantum cryptography promises levels of security that are impossible to replicate in a classical world. Can this security be guaranteed even when the quantum devices on which the protocol relies are untrusted? This central question dates back to the early 1990s when the challenge of achieving device-independent quantum key distribution was first formulated. We answer this challenge by rigorously proving the device-independent security of a slight variant of Ekert's original entanglement-based protocol against the most general (coherent) attacks. The resulting protocol is robust: While assuming only that the devices can be modeled by the laws of quantum mechanics and are spatially isolated from each other and from any adversary's laboratory, it achieves a linear key rate and tolerates a constant noise rate in the devices. In particular, the devices may have quantum memory and share arbitrary quantum correlations with the eavesdropper. The proof of security is based on a new quantitative understanding of the monogamous nature of quantum correlations in the context of a multiparty protocol.
Conversion of a maltose receptor into a zinc biosensor by computational design (2001)

We have demonstrated that it is possible to radically change the specificity of maltose binding protein by converting it into a zinc sensor using a rational design approach. In this new molecular sensor, zinc binding is transduced into a readily detected fluorescence signal by use of an engineered conformational coupling mechanism linking ligand binding to reporter group response. An iterative progressive design strategy led to the construction of variants with increased zinc affinity by combining binding sites, optimizing the primary coordination sphere, and exploiting conformational equilibria. Intermediates in the design series show that the adaptive process involves both introduction and optimization of new functions and removal of adverse vestigial interactions. The latter demonstrates the importance of the rational design approach in uncovering cryptic phenomena in protein function, which cannot be revealed by the study of naturally evolved systems.