gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee with autologous matrix‐induced chondrogenesis (AMIC): method description and recent developments (2011)

IV.
Recombinant vaccinia viruses co-expressing dengue-1 glycoproteins prM and E induce neutralizing antibodies in mice (1994)

Four recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing different portions of the dengue type 1 virus (DEN-1) genome (C-prM-E-NS1-NS2A-NS2B; prM-E; prM-E-NS1-NS2A-NS2B; or NS1-NS2A) were constructed in order to establish the most immunogenic configuration of DEN-1 proteins. Both recombinants producing prM and E in the absence of C induced the synthesis of extracellular forms of E in vitro. Mice inoculated with these two recombinants produced DEN-1 neutralizing (NEUT) and haemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies. The other two recombinant vaccinia viruses, which did not induce the production of extracellular forms of E, did not induce E-specific immune responses. These results support our previous studies on the design of flavivirus-vaccinia vaccine candidates by showing the importance of co-expressing prM and E in order to induce the synthesis of extracellular E and to elicit NEUT and HAI antibodies.
The young adult with hip impingement: deciding on the optimal intervention. (2009)

Femoroacetabular impingement is a recognized cause of hip pain and osteoarthritis in young adults. The clinical presentation of this pathology is quite varied in terms of the underlying deformity, patient age, and the degree of cartilage damage. Open hip surgery with surgical dislocation is the gold standard for treating femoral deformities and the damaged acetabular labral complex; however, less invasive techniques such as hip arthroscopy and arthroscopy combined with limited anterior hip arthrotomy may provide comparable outcomes with less surgical morbidity. Unresolved issues include the indications for acetabular rim trimming with labral refixation in the presence of acetabular retroversion and/or delaminated acetabular cartilage. Other issues involve the use of arthroplasty in older patients and/or in those with significant cartilage damage.
Matrix metalloproteinases and venous leg ulceration. (2000)

Metalloproteinase-mediated proteolysis plays an important role during the phase of venous ulcer formation and wound repair. Venous ulcers manifest as a breakdown of the collagenous stromal tissue and are highly associated to chronic venous insufficiency. A major change in our understanding of the pathogenesis of venous ulcers occurred with the demonstration of extracellular matrix-degrading activity of matrix metalloproteinases to generate a dermal-epidermal skin defect. These proteases were intensely investigated in preceding stages and during wound repair of venous ulcerations. Different studies have revealed their significance in the process of proteolytic remodeling and recognized their potential importance in finding therapeutic rationales to manage late complications of chronic venous ulcers.
High performance speaker verification using principal spectral components (2005)

The described system finds key application in physical entry control and control of access to privileged information. Verification is based on a fast and user-friendly protocol, consisting of two stages: 1. Primary verification using a fixed text phrase. 2. Secondary verification using a random 5-digit sequence. The features used in the verification algorithm are the Principal Spectral Components, derived from the spectrum of the speech signal. Verification experiments on a 40 speaker database give a true speaker rejection rate of less than 1% and an impostor acceptance rate of less than 0.1%.
The N‐terminal 77 amino acids from tobacco N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I are sufficient to retain a reporter protein in the Golgi apparatus of Nicotiana benthamiana cells (1999)

In order to investigate sequences of tobacco N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI), involved in targeting to and retention in the plant Golgi apparatus the cytoplasmic transmembrane stem (CTS) region of the enzyme was cloned in frame with the cDNA of the green fluorescent protein (gfp) and subsequently transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants using a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) based expression vector. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed small fluorescent vesicular bodies in CTS-gfp expressing cells, while gfp alone expressed in control plants was uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm. The CTS-gfp fusion protein colocalised with immunolabelling observed by an antibody specific for the Golgi located plant Lewis a epitope. Furthermore, treatment with brefeldin A, a Golgi specific drug, resulted in the formation of large fluorescent vesiculated areas. These results strongly suggest a Golgi location for CTS-gfp and as a consequence our findings reveal that the N-terminal 77 amino acids of tobacco GnTI are sufficient to target to and to retain a reporter protein in the plant Golgi apparatus and that TMV based vectors are suitable vehicles for rapid delivery of recombinant proteins to the secretory pathway.
Increased Levels of Circulating Interleukin-18 in Patients with Advanced Tuberculosis (2000)

Abstract Interleukin-18 (IL-18) has recently been identified as an interferon- γ -inducing factor and it plays an important role in the Th1 response. We measured serum levels of IL-18 and interferon- γ (IFN- γ ) in 43 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 25 healthy control subjects. Significantly increased levels of circulating IL-18 and IFN- γ were found in pulmonary tuberculosis as compared with those in healthy control subjects. Circulating IL-18 and IFN- γ correlated with the extent of disease in pulmonary tuberculosis. We found significantly increased levels of circulating IL-18 and IFN- γ in the patients with high-grade fever. Circulating IL-18 significantly correlated with circulating IFN- γ. IL-18 may play an important role in immune response to human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Evidence for translational regulation of the imprinted Snurf-Snrpn locus in mice (2002)

In studies of genomic imprinting in the Prader-Willi/Angelman domain, an agouti coat color cassette was inserted into the downstream open reading frame (ORF) of the imprinted bicistronic Snurf-Snrpn locus in the mouse. The fusion gene was maternally silenced, as is Snurf-Snrpn, and produced a tan abdomen only when inherited paternally in otherwise-black mice. A screen for dominant epigenetic or genetic events was performed with ENU mutagenesis, using a strategy whereby variation in abdominal color was scored at weaning. One mouse with maternal origin of the fusion gene had a tan abdomen and had an imprinting defect resulting in loss of both maternal methylation and silencing of the fusion gene. One mouse with paternal origin of the fusion gene was completely yellow and was found to have an ATG-to-AAG mutation in the initiation codon of the upstream ORF encoding SNURF. Northern blotting, immunoblotting, and transfection studies indicated that the ATG-to-AAG mutation causes a 15-fold or more increase in translation of the downstream ORF in two fusion constructs, and it is likely that similar translational control affects the normal Snurf-Snrpn transcript as well.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors (1995)

Prostaglandins are synthesized by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is the target for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Recently a second form of COX was discovered (COX-2) that is induced by inflammatory stimuli. The identification of an inducible form of COX led to the hypothesis that COX-2 is responsible for inflammatory prostaglandins, whereas the constitutive COX-I produces physiologically important prostaglandins, e.g., in stomach and kidney. Selective COX- 2 inhibitors have been shown to be anti-inflammatory but do not cause ulcers in the stomach or intestines. It is anticipated that drugs which selectively inhibit COX-2 will be superior anti-inflammatory agents with clear benefits over existing NSAIDs. In this review, the expression of human COX-I and COX-2 are discussed. A survey of the different chemical classes of COX-2 inhibitors with structure-activity relationships (SAR) and relevant pharmacological profiles are also presented.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Ferumoxytol: A New Iron Replacement Therapy in Normal Subjects and Hemodialysis Patients (2005)

Ferumoxytol was well tolerated in this study. Its pharmacokinetic properties and simplicity of administration suggest that it will be an attractive form of iron replacement therapy.
MxA-dependent inhibition of measles virus glycoprotein synthesis in a stably transfected human monocytic cell line (1993)

The alpha/beta (type I) interferon-inducible human MxA protein confers resistance to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and influenza A virus in MxA-transfected mouse 3T3 cells (3T3/MxA). We investigated the inhibitory effects of the MxA protein on measles virus (MV) and VSV in the human monocytic cell line U937. In transfected U937 clones which constitutively express MxA (U937/MxA), the release of infectious MV and VSV was reduced approximately 100-fold in comparison with control titers. Transcription of VSV was inhibited similar to that observed for 3T3/MxA cells, whereas no difference was detected for MV in the rates of transcription or the levels of MV-specific mRNAs. In contrast, analysis of MV protein expression by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation revealed a significant reduction in the synthesis of MV glycoproteins F and H in U937/MxA cells. These data demonstrate a virus-specific effect of MxA which may, in the case of MV, contribute to the establishment of a persistent infection in human monocytic cells.
Genome dynamics, protein synthesis, and energetics (1991)

In all eukaryotic cells, each fundamental process cycle progression and its control, protein secretion and targeting, transcription and its regulation, mRNA processing, and DNA replication accomplished by essentially identical cellular machinery composed of essentially identical protein components. This conservation of function has catapulted the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe from parochial backwaters to the forefront of experimental molecular biology: What is true for a yeast is true for an elephant, and in experiments you can get the answer a lot faster from a yeast. This burgeoning appreciation of yeasts as model systems for the study of fundamental cellular processes has highlighted the need for an update of the seminal 1981 monograph The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces. This need is now met by the publication of a three-volume series to serve as the authoritative sequel. The first volume focuses on the genome organization of the yeast Saccharomyces as well as protein translation and its regulation and energy metabolism. Subsequent volumes emphasize such topics as the cell cycle, secretion, and transcription. Together, these volumes provide a comprehensive survey of the molecular and cellular biology of Saccharomyces and Schizosaccharomyces, serving not only as a current summary of every significant area of investigation, but also as a thorough reference source. These volumes are required reading for everyone in the field and anyone curious about the state of the art of molecular and cellular biology.
Continuous-Flow Polymerase Chain Reaction of Single-Copy DNA in Microfluidic Microdroplets (2008)

We present a high throughput microfluidic device for continuous-flow polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in water-in-oil droplets of nanoliter volumes. The circular design of this device allows droplets to pass through alternating temperature zones and complete 34 cycles of PCR in only 17 min, avoiding temperature cycling of the entire device. The temperatures for the applied two-temperature PCR protocol can be adjusted according to requirements of template and primers. These temperatures were determined with fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) inside the droplets, exploiting the temperature-dependent fluorescence lifetime of rhodamine B. The successful amplification of an 85 base-pair long template from four different start concentrations was demonstrated. Analysis of the product by gel-electrophoresis, sequencing, and real-time PCR showed that the amplification is specific and the amplification factors of up to 5 x 10(6)-fold are comparable to amplification factors obtained in a benchtop PCR machine. The high efficiency allows amplification from a single molecule of DNA per droplet. This device holds promise for convenient integration with other microfluidic devices and adds a critical missing component to the laboratory-on-a-chip toolkit.
Attaining the promise and avoiding the pitfalls of TCP in the datacenter (2015)

Over the last several years, datacenter computing has become a pervasive part of the computing landscape. In spite of the success of the datacenter computing paradigm, there are significant challenges remaining to be solved--particularly in the area of networking. The success of TCP/IP in the Internet makes TCP/IP a natural candidate for datacenter network communication. A growing body of research and operational experience, however, has found that TCP often performs poorly in datacenter settings. TCP's poor performance has led some groups to abandon TCP entirely in the datacenter. This is not desirable, however, as it requires reconstruction of a new transport protocol as well as rewriting applications to use the new protocol. Over the last few years, promising research has focused on adapting TCP to operate in the datacenter environment.

We have been running large datacenter computations for several years, and have experienced the promises and the pitfalls that datacenter computation presents. In this paper, we discuss our experiences with network communication performance within our datacenter, and discuss how we have leveraged and extended recent research to significantly improve network performance within our datacenter.
A comparison of Gaussian minimum shift keying to frequency shift keying for land mobile radio (1984)

Data is presented comparing Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) to Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) for use in the UHF land mobile radio band at 800 MHz. The FSK system uses a Gaussian premodulation filter set at one half the bit Pate. Deviation is set at 0.41 times the bit rate. The FSK receiver has an IF bandwidth of 1.0 times the bit rate and uses discriminator detection. The GMSK system uses coherent detection. Data is presented on the effect of premodulation cutoff frequency and receiver bandwidth on system sensitivity and spectral efficiency. From this data a relationship between channel spacing, frequency stability, IF bandwidth, and transmitter spectrum is derived. Additional data on the performance of the FSK and GMSK systems in Rayleigh fading is presented.
Characterization of perpendicular chirped phase volume grating pairs for laser pulse stretching (1996)

We report the characterization of a new pulse stretcher that provides a linear and positive variation of the group delay as a function of the optical frequency. It consists of a perpendicular chirped-grating pair introduced by Tournois [Opt. Commun. 106, 253 (1994)] that allows 20-fs pulses to be stretched to 100 ps. The system is tested by short-pulse spectral interferometry. We designed and realized the chirped gratings by phase volume holographic recording in a highly efficient photopolymer.
Effects of Water-soluble Components of Cheese on Experimental Caries in Humans (1987)

The effect of water-soluble components of extra-old Cheddar cheese on experimental caries was tested by means of the seven-day intraoral cariogenicity test (ICT). Two bovine enamel blocks were placed in each buccal flange of the dental appliances of five volunteers. One side of each appliance (experimental) was dipped in a 25% water extract of the cheese for five min, while the other side (control) was dipped in de-ionized water. Immediately thereafter, the appliance was returned to the subject's mouth, and two 60-second rinses with 10% sucrose were performed. These procedures were repeated six times per day. The cheese-extract dippings reduced the cariogenicity of the sucrose by an average of 55.7% (p less than 0.01), as assessed by enamel microhardness. Neither the mean resting pH nor the mean minimum pH in response to sucrose was significantly different between the experimental and control sides. The concentration of calcium was significantly higher in plaque from the experimental side (32.44 micrograms/mg) as compared with the control side (19.36 micrograms/mg, p less than 0.01). The concentration of plaque phosphorus was higher on the experimental side (12.90 micrograms/mg) than on the control side (9.61 micrograms/mg); however, the difference was not statistically significant. These results show that cheese has one or more water-soluble components which reduce experimental caries in human subjects.
Rexinoid Bexarotene Modulates Triglyceride but not Cholesterol Metabolism via Gene-Specific Permissivity of the RXR/LXR Heterodimer in the Liver (2009)

These findings demonstrate that the hypertriglyceridemic action of bexarotene occurs via the RXR/LXR heterodimer and show that RXR heterodimers can act with a selective permissivity on target genes of specific metabolic pathways in the liver.
A Structural Study of the Lyotropic Nematic Phase of Vanadium Pentoxide Gels (1995)

The aqueous suspensions of vanadium pentoxide ribbons are known to present a lyotropic nematic phase. The optical microscopy photographs of these suspensions in the gel and the sol states shown in this paper are indeed typical nematic textures. The biphasic (I/N) region shows tactoids which can be aligned by a magnetic field. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments were performed either on unoriented samples or on samples aligned by shear flow. The scattering is comparable to that of the other classic lyotropic nematic phases displayed by stiff organic rod-like particles. Scattering patterns give information on the transverse dimensions of the ribbons and on the average distance between them as a function of concentration. Estimates of the nematic order parameter were also obtained. Finally, the relevance of Onsager's model is discussed; the importance of the electrostatic interactions between ribbons in the onset of the nematic ordering of this system is stressed.
KDM4/JMJD2 Histone Demethylases: Epigenetic Regulators in Cancer Cells (2013)

Lysine methylation is one of the most prominent histone posttranslational modifications that regulate chromatin structure. Changes in histone lysine methylation status have been observed during cancer formation, which is thought to be a consequence of the dysregulation of histone lysine methyltransferases or the opposing demethylases. KDM4/JMJD2 proteins are demethylases that target histone H3 on lysines 9 and 36 and histone H1.4 on lysine 26. This protein family consists of three ~130-kDa proteins (KDM4A-C) and KDM4D/JMJD2D, which is half the size, lacks the double PHD and Tudor domains that are epigenome readers and present in the other KDM4 proteins, and has a different substrate specificity. Various studies have shown that KDM4A/JMJD2A, KDM4B/JMJD2B, and/or KDM4C/JMJD2C are overexpressed in breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, and other tumors and are required for efficient cancer cell growth. In part, this may be due to their ability to modulate transcription factors such as the androgen and estrogen receptor. Thus, KDM4 proteins present themselves as novel potential drug targets. Accordingly, multiple attempts are under way to develop KDM4 inhibitors, which could complement the existing arsenal of epigenetic drugs that are currently limited to DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases.
Evaluation of a New Silicone-Methane Polymer Contact Lens (1983)

A new gas permeable contact lens is produced using a solid silicone core and a plasma polymer surface. This surface is hydrophilic and impermeable to macromolecules. The surface characteristics of this lens were compared with the surface characteristics of available silicone contact lenses. We found that in contrast to our lens, the silicone contact lenses lost their hydrophilic surface with time. In addition, they are permeable to lipid dyes, eg, Sudan red.
Oesophageal and gastric motility disorders in patients categorised as having primary anorexia nervosa. (1986)

symptoms of disordered upper gastrointestinal motor activity may be mistaken as indicating primary anorexia nervosa; clinical evaluation of patients with presumed primary anorexia nervosa should rule out the possibility that disordered oesophageal motor activity underlies the symptoms; delayed gastric emptying is a frequent feature in primary anorexia nervosa and might be returned to normal with domperidone.
High electron mobility in modulation-doped Si/SiGe (1991)

Ultrahigh-vacuum chemical vapor deposition has been exploited to grow single-heterojunction n-type modulation-doped Si/SiGe structures. Phosphorus dopant is imbedded in the SiGe layer at two distinct positions: one at the surface to prevent depletion by surface states, and the other separated from the Si heterointerface by an intrinsic SiGe spacer, to supply electrons to the two-dimensional electron gas. With a 4-nm-thick spacer layer, peak mobilities of 1800 cm2/V s, 9000 cm2/V s, and 19 000 cm2/V s were measured at room temperature, 77 and 1.4 K, respectively. These are the highest values reported for this material system.
Regression of canine mammary carcinoma after immunoadsorption therapy. (1982)

The plasma of dogs afflicted with mammary carcinoma was perfused through chambers bearing Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I in an attempt to remove tumor-promoting, immunosuppressive immune complexes from the peripheral blood of these animals. In this canine model of spontaneous mammary carcinoma, reduction of breast and/or soft-tissue tumor (posttreatment size equal to 0 to 50% of pretreatment tumor size) was observed in five of the ten animals so treated. Immune complexes capable of blocking lymphocytotoxicity were measured pre- and postimmunoadsorption; removal was more efficient in the five responders (four of six complexes) than in nonresponders (one of ten complexes), although statistical significance was not attained. The reduction of tumor size seen in soft-tissue sites was not always accompanied by a similar reduction of tumor size in visceral sites, and surgical resection of residual soft-tissue tumor nodules remaining after immunoadsorption treatment was required to achieve a complete response in two responding animals. No significant decrease in tumor size was observed in the control group, perfused without immunoadsorbent, nor in five additional tumor-bearing animals infused with normal dog plasma which had been passed through S. aureus Cowan strain I-containing chambers. These data indicate that immunoadsorption of tumor-bearing host plasma can result in reduction in size of canine mammary adenocarcinoma but that the response is dependent on the site of the tumor (s.c. versus visceral) and may require utilization of other modalities to achieve a complete disappearance of the tumor.
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: An Introduction for Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Scientists (1997)

1. Molecular Biotechnology 2. Production of Biotech Compounds: Cultivation and Downstream Processing 3. Formulation of Biotech Products, Including Biopharmaceutical Considerations 4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Peptide and Protein Drugs 5. Gene Therapy 6. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Hematopoietic Growth Factors 7. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Interferons and Interleukins 8. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Insulin 9. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Growth Hormones 10. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Vaccines 11. Dispensing Biotechnology Products: Handling, Professional Education and Product Information 12. Biotechnology Products in the Pipeline 13. Therapeutic Categories of Biopharmaceuticals - Monoclonal Antibody-Based Pharmaceuticals