gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of Vascular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression Using a Novel Multimodal Nanoparticle (2005)

Endothelial vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a critical component of the leukocyte-endothelial adhesion cascade, and its strict temporal and spatial regulation make it an ideal target for imaging and therapy. The goal of this study was to develop novel VCAM-1-targeted imaging agents detectable by MRI and fluorescence imaging using phage display-derived peptide sequences and multimodal nanoparticles (NPs). We hypothesized that VCAM-1-mediated cell internalization of phage display-selected peptides could be harnessed as an amplification strategy to chaperone and trap imaging agents inside VCAM-1-expressing cells, thus improving target-to-background ratios. To accomplish our goal, iterative phage display was performed on murine endothelium under physiological flow conditions to identify a family of VCAM-1-mediated cell-internalizing peptides. One specific sequence, containing the VHSPNKK motif that has homology to the alpha-chain of very late antigen (a known ligand for VCAM-1), was shown to bind VCAM-1 and block leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Compared with VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody, the peptide showed 12-fold higher target-to-background ratios. A VHSPNKK-modified magnetofluorescent NP (VNP) showed high affinity for endothelial cells expressing VCAM-1 but surprisingly low affinity for macrophages. In contrast, a control NP without VCAM-1-targeting sequences showed no affinity for endothelial cells. In vivo, VNP successfully identified VCAM-1-expressing endothelial cells in a murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced inflammatory model and colocalized with VCAM-1-expressing cells in atherosclerotic lesions present in cholesterol-fed apolipoprotein E apoE-/- mice. These results indicate that: (1) small peptide sequences can significantly alter targeting of NPs, (2) the used amplification strategy of internalization results in high target-to-background ratios, and (3) this technology is useful for in vivo imaging of endothelial markers.
Synthesis and Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization Behavior of Bifunctional Vinylcyclopropane Bearing a Spiroacetal Moiety (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization Behavior of Bifunctional Vinylcyclopropane Bearing a Spiroacetal MoietyTadashi Okazaki, Fumio Sanda, and Takeshi EndoCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 18, 6026–6028Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00122a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00122a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of 2 Cell-Based Phosphoprotein Assays to Support Screening and Development of an ALK Inhibitor (2011)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) when expressed as a fusion protein with nucleophosmin (NPM) has been implicated as a driving oncogene in a subset of lymphomas. Recent reports of ALK expression in a number of other cancers have raised the possibility that an ALK inhibitor may benefit patients with these diseases as well. In a campaign to identify and develop a selective ALK inhibitor, 2 assays were devised to measure the phosphorylation of tyrosine residue 1604 of ALK (pY(1604) ALK). Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay (AlphaScreen(®)) and phosflow platforms were used to detect modulation of pY(1604) ALK to determine the relative potency of a set of small-molecule inhibitors. Prior to making use of these assays in diverse settings, the authors attempted to ensure their equivalence with a direct comparison of their performance. The pY(1604) ALK assays correlated well both with each other and with assays of ALK enzyme activity or ALK-dependent cell proliferation. The AlphaScreen(®) assay was amenable to automation and enabled rapid, high-throughput compound assessment in an NPM-ALK-driven cell line, whereas the phosflow assay enabled the authors to characterize the activity of compounds with respect to their impact on targeted enzymes and pathways. Results show that both AlphaScreen(®) and phosflow ALK assays exhibited diverse characteristics that made them desirable for different applications but were determined to be equally sensitive and robust in the detection of inhibition of pY(1604) ALK.
Density and composition uniformity of A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic (1978)

The tissue-equivalent plastic designated A-150 is utilised as the radiation energy absorber in instruments employed for calorimetric neutron dosimetry. For this application it is essential to have information on the thermal defect of the plastic, defined as that fraction of the absorbed radiation energy which does not appear as heat but is stored in the form of chemical changes or lattice defects. Moulded absorber discs of this material were obtained from four widely separated laboratories. Each laboratory obtained the virgin A-150 material from the manufacturer and these discs were used to assess the degree to which the thermal defect of the plastic depends on moulding techniques. The uniformity of the material was examined by measuring the densities of all the discs and by performing chemical analyses on samples from the four laboratories. Uniformity of density and composition within and between sample groups would portend similar agreement in the thermal defects to be measured.
Risks of myeloid malignancies in patients with autoimmune conditions (2009)

Autoimmune conditions are associated with an elevated risk of lymphoproliferative malignancies, but few studies have investigated the risk of myeloid malignancies. From the US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database, 13 486 myeloid malignancy patients (aged 67+ years) and 160 086 population-based controls were selected. Logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, race, calendar year and number of physician claims were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for myeloid malignancies in relation to autoimmune conditions. Multiple comparisons were controlled for using the Bonferroni correction (P<0.0005). Autoimmune conditions, overall, were associated with an increased risk of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) (OR 1.29) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, OR 1.50). Specifically, AML was associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.28), systemic lupus erythematosus (OR 1.92), polymyalgia rheumatica (OR 1.73), autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (OR 3.74), systemic vasculitis (OR 6.23), ulcerative colitis (OR 1.72) and pernicious anaemia (OR 1.57). Myelodysplastic syndrome was associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR1.52) and pernicious anaemia (OR 2.38). Overall, autoimmune conditions were not associated with chronic myeloid leukaemia (OR 1.09) or chronic myeloproliferative disorders (OR 1.15). Medications used to treat autoimmune conditions, shared genetic predisposition and/or direct infiltration of bone marrow by autoimmune conditions, could explain these excess risks of myeloid malignancies.
Transfer of a cathelicidin peptide antibiotic gene restores bacterial killing in a cystic fibrosis xenograft model (1999)

Recent studies suggest that the gene defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) leads to a breach in innate immunity. We describe a novel genetic strategy for reversing the CF-specific defect of antimicrobial activity by transferring a gene encoding a secreted cathelicidin peptide antibiotic into the airway epithelium grown in a human bronchial xenograft model. The airway surface fluid (ASF) from CF xenografts failed to kill Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. Partial reconstitution of CF transmembrane conductance regulator expression after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer restored the antimicrobial activity of ASF from CF xenografts to normal levels. Exposure of CF xenografts to an adenovirus expressing the human cathelicidin LL-37/hCAP-18 increased levels of this peptide in the ASF three- to fourfold above the normal concentrations, which were equivalent in ASF from CF and normal xenografts before gene transfer. The increase of LL-37 was sufficient to restore bacterial killing to normal levels. The data presented describe an alternative genetic approach to the treatment of CF based on enhanced expression of an endogenous antimicrobial peptide and provide strong evidence that expression of antimicrobial peptides indeed protects against bacterial infection.
New head-positioning system for use with computed tomographic scanning (1980)

A new head-positioning system has been developed to hold the head firmly during the performance of a computed tomographic scan and to position the head reproducibly during repeat scans. This can be used to maintain the head in position during long scanning sessions, to relate a lesion to landmarks on scout views, to follow lesions in repeated scans over time, and to perform a variety of invasive procedures. (Neurosurgery, 7: 147-149, 1980)
The purification, cloning, and expression of a novel luteinizing hormone-induced mitochondrial protein in MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells. Characterization of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). (1994)

The acute response of steroidogenic cells to trophic hormone stimulation is the mobilization of cholesterol from cellular stores to the mitochondrial outer membrane and the transfer of this cholesterol to the mitochondrial inner membrane where the first enzymatic step in steroidogenesis occurs. The transfer of cholesterol across the mitochondrial membranes is dependent upon de novo protein synthesis, and this is the regulated step in the process. Although the newly synthesized regulatory protein(s) have yet to be identified, we previously have proposed a candidate protein which we identified in MA-10 cells that is synthesized in response to luteinizing hormone stimulation and that is localized to the mitochondria. In the present study, we report the isolation of a cDNA that encodes this luteinizing hormone-induced protein. Analysis of the cDNA and protein sequences reveals this is a novel protein. Importantly, we demonstrate for the first time that expression of the protein in MA-10 cells in the absence of hormone stimulation is sufficient to induce steroid production. We conclude that this protein is required in the acute regulation of steroidogenesis and propose to call this protein the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein (StAR).
A new mouse model to explore the initiation, progression, and therapy of BRAFV600E-induced lung tumors (2007)

Mutationally activated BRAF(V600E) (BRAF(VE)) is detected in approximately 6% of human malignancies and promotes sustained MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway activation. We have designed BRaf(CA) mice to express normal BRaf prior to Cre-mediated recombination after which BRaf(VE) is expressed at physiological levels. BRaf(CA) mice infected with an Adenovirus expressing Cre recombinase developed benign lung tumors that only rarely progressed to adenocarcinoma. Moreover, BRaf(VE)-induced lung tumors were prevented by pharmacological inhibition of MEK1/2. BRaf(VE) expression initially induced proliferation that was followed by growth arrest bearing certain hallmarks of senescence. Consistent with Ink4a/Arf and TP53 tumor suppressor function, BRaf(VE) expression combined with mutation of either locus led to cancer progression.
Increase in circulating megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity (Meg-GPA) following sublethal irradiation is not related to decreased platelets. (1988)

In this study, we have used the sublethally irradiated rat as a model to examine the relationship between platelet count and the plasma level of megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity (Meg-GPA) assayed in vitro. Meg-GPA of irradiated rats whose platelet counts were maintained by platelet transfusions was compared to that of irradiated controls allowed to develop thrombocytopenia. The irradiated controls were given either saline, packed red cells, or no other treatment. Blood values were determined and plasma was collected from all groups 11 days after irradiation, predetermined to be the nadir of platelet count and the peak of Meg-GPA. The Meg-GPA of plasma was assayed by culturing in vitro at a final concentration of 30% with rat marrow in methylcellulose and 2-mercaptoethanol for 7 days at 37 degrees C. Plasma from platelet-transfused irradiated rats, when collected at ambient temperature, contained markedly decreased levels of Meg-GPA compared to that present in plasma of irradiated controls. Subsequent in vitro studies indicated that elevated Meg-GPA levels of plasma from irradiated thrombocytopenic rats were drastically reduced by incubation with platelets in vitro at 37 degrees C. Incubation of the same plasma with platelets at 4 degrees C resulted in much less reduction in Meg-GPA. This suggested that the diminished Meg-GPA observed with plasma from the platelet-transfused irradiated rats may have been due to activation and release of Meg-GPA inhibitors from platelets during plasma collection. To investigate this possibility, experiments were repeated in which platelets of irradiated rats were maintained by platelet transfusion, but plasma was collected at 4 degrees C. Under these conditions, the level of Meg-GPA in plasma of the platelet-transfused irradiated rats was not markedly different from that in plasma of irradiated controls. We conclude that in this experimental model, circulating Meg-GPA level is not related to platelet count.
Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010 Modulates the Host Innate Immune Response (2013)

Here, we describe data obtained from transcriptome profiling of human cell lines and intestinal cells of a murine model upon exposure and colonization, respectively, with Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. Significant changes were detected in the transcription of genes that are known to be involved in innate immunity. Furthermore, results from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) showed that exposure to B. bifidum PRL2010 causes enhanced production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8 cytokines, presumably through NF-κB activation. The obtained global transcription profiles strongly suggest that Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010 modulates the innate immune response of the host.
Permissive role of interleukin 3 (IL‐3) in proliferation and differentiation of multipotential hemopoietic progenitors in culture (1985)

We studied the effects of interleukin-3 (IL-3) on colony formation by hemopoietic progenitors in methylcellulose cultures of spleen cells from 5-fluorouracil (FU)-treated mice. Purified IL-3 supported the growth of various types of multilineage colonies including blast cell colonies. The types of colonies were similar to those supported by pokeweed-mitogen spleen cell conditioned medium (PWM-SCM), except that IL-3 supported eosinophil and neutrophil expression better. Delayed addition of IL-3 to cultures 7 days after cell plating decreased the number of colonies to one-half the number in cultures with IL-3 added on day 0. It did not alter the proliferative and differentiation characteristics of late emerging multipotential blast cell colonies. These observations suggest that IL-3 does not trigger hemopoietic progenitors into active cell proliferation but is necessary for their continued proliferation. This permissive role of IL-3 is consistent with a stochastic model of stem cell proliferation which features random entry into cell cycle. IL-3 also supported the growth of multilineage colonies from single cells isolated from blast cell colonies by micromanipulation. This result shows that IL-3 acts directly on multipotential progenitors. Analysis of colonies derived from paired progenitors revealed disparate lineage expression and was in accordance with the stochastic model of stem cell differentiation.
Oral history and information technology: Human voices of assessment (1991)

Dramatic advances in technology for acquiring, managing, and sharing information promise to reshape the workplace by eliciting new behaviors and introducing new organizational patterns. For academic medical centers, the integration of information technology into programs of education, research, and patient care is essential for increased organizational effectiveness. At Baylor College of Medicine, we have developed information‐sharing and management tools, collectively called the Virtual Notebook System (VNS). The VNS is a multiuser, workstation‐based hypermedia system that serves as a technologically extended analog of the laboratory notebook used in biomedical research. We are deploying the VNS in scientific groups at Baylor, and are applying oral history techniques to assess its impact. This article shows how oral history captures the “human voices”; of Baylor's experience and helps us understand the effects of information technology on the processes of biomedical research.
Two Competing Pathways for Self-splicing by Group II Introns: A Quantitative Analysis of Reaction Rates and Products (1996)

Self-splicing group II introns are found in bacteria and in the organellar genes in plants, fungi, and yeast. The mechanism for the first step of splicing is generally believed to involve attack of a specific intronic 2'-hydroxyl group on a phosphodiester linkage at the 5'-splice site, resulting in the formation of a lariat intron species. In this paper, we present kinetic and enzymatic evidence that in vitro there are two distinct pathways for group II intron self-splicing: one involves 2'-OH attack and another involves attack of water or hydroxide. These two pathways occur in parallel under all reaction conditions, although either can dominate in the presence of particular salts or protein cofactors. Both pathways are followed by a successful second step of splicing, and either pathway can be highly efficient. We find that the hydrolytic pathway prevails under physiological ionic conditions, while branching predominates at molar concentrations of ammonium ion. The intron is observed to adopt two major active conformations. In order to quantify their individual reaction rates, we applied a mechanistic model describing biphasic parallel kinetic behavior. Kinetic analysis throughout the investigation reveals that there is no coupling between the unproductive "spliced-exon-reopening" reaction (SER) and hydrolysis during the first step of splicing. Conditions that stimulate branching can promote the SER reaction just as efficiently as conditions that stimulate the hydrolytic pathway. Although there is little evidence that it exists in vivo, a hydrolytic splicing pathway for group II introns has important implications for the translation of intron-encoded proteins and the inhibition of intron migration into new genomic positions.
A dual-frequency equilateral-triangular microstrip antenna with a pair of narrow slots (1999)

A new design of a slot-loaded equilateral-triangular microstrip antenna for dual-frequency operation is presented. Results show that, by loading a pair of narrow slots centered in the triangular patch and oriented parallel to the patch's center line, a single-feed dual-frequency operation can be achieved. The two operating frequencies are associated with the perturbed TM10- and TM20-modes of the triangular microstrip antenna, and the two frequencies are of the same polarization planes and similar broadside radiation characteristics. Also, by controlling the length of the slots and the spacing between the two slots, the frequency ratio of the two frequencies is tunable within a range of about 1.35–1.5. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 23: 82–84, 1999.
Immunochemical studies on dextrans. V. Specificity and cross-reactivity with dextrans of the antibodies formed in rabbits to isomaltonic and isomaltotrionic acids coupled to bovine serum albumin. (1966)

Summary Isomaltose and isomaltotriose were oxidized to their respective aldonic acids with bromine and coupled to bovine serum albumin by the mixed anhydride reaction. All of six rabbit antisera to the isomaltonic acid antigen showed specificity for terminal α-glucosyl residues but did not cross-react with dextran while all of six rabbit antisera to the isomaltotrionic acid antigen cross-reacted extensively with dextran. These findings suggest a lower limit for the size of an antibody-combining site required for cross-reactivity with dextran as greater than a terminal α-glucopyranosyl unit and perhaps as large as a terminal α-linked isomaltosyl unit. With three of the antisera to the isomaltotrionic acid, antigens IM3, IM4, IM5 and IM6 were equally potent as inhibitors on a molar basis. In two of the other sera IM4, IM5 and IM6 were equally potent but slightly better than IM3 and in the sixth antiserum IM5 and IM6 were equal and slightly better than IM4, which in turn was better than IM3. The basis for these results is discussed.
Liver microRNA-21 is overexpressed in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and contributes to the disease in experimental models by inhibiting PPARα expression (2015)

MicroRNA-21 inhibition or suppression decreases liver injury, inflammation and fibrosis, by restoring PPARα expression. Antagomir-21 might be a future therapeutic strategy for NASH.
High-Temperature Pressure Swing Adsorption Process for CO2 Separation (2011)

This paper presents a novel pressure swing adsorption process and the development of specifically designed sorbents for the process. It is operated at high temperature (650–800 °C) using the reversible reaction of calcium oxide with CO2, i.e., CaO + CO2 ⇄ CaCO3. The new process directly stores the reaction heat released from the forward reaction in the sorbent and then releases it for sorbent regeneration under reduced CO2 partial pressure, so that the need of pure oxygen for oxy-fuel combustion is avoided. Two potential problems of the new process, namely, loss in capacity and slow and unmatched reaction rates of chemical-controlled carbonation and calcination, were discussed in detail. Three specifically designed calcium-based sorbents showed stable performance during 92 isothermal carbonation–calcination cycles at either 680 or 750 °C. The calcination rate was significantly enhanced by increasing the reaction temperature and the introduction of steam to match the reaction rate of chemical-controlled carbonation. This pressure swing adsorption process could be used for low-cost CO2 separation using specifically designed sorbents under carefully selected operating conditions.
Practical Use of Ridge Regression: A Challenge Met (1985)

Arthur E. Hoerl, Robert W. Kennard, Roger W. Hoerl, Practical Use of Ridge Regression: A Challenge Met, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C (Applied Statistics), Vol. 34, No. 2 (1985), pp. 114-120