gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermally and Photochemically Triggered Self-Assembly of Peptide Hydrogels (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThermally and Photochemically Triggered Self-Assembly of Peptide HydrogelsJoel H. Collier, Bi−Huang Hu, Jeffrey W. Ruberti, Jerry Zhang, Pochi Shum, David H. Thompson, and Phillip B. MessersmithView Author Information Northwestern University Biomedical Engineering Department 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 Purdue University Department of Chemistry, Brown Laboratory West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 38, 9463–9464Publication Date (Web):August 29, 2001Publication History Received25 June 2001Published online29 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011535ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011535arapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3515Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Gelation,Hydrogels,Peptides and proteins,Vesicles Get e-Alerts
Spoken language understanding (2008)

Semantics deals with the organization of meanings and the relations between sensory signs or symbols and what they denote or mean. Computational semantics performs a conceptualization of the world using computational processes for composing a meaning representation structure from available signs and their features present, for example, in words and sentences. Spoken language understanding (SLU) is the interpretation of signs conveyed by a speech signal. SLU and natural language understanding (NLU) share the goal of obtaining a conceptual representation of natural language sentences. Specific to SLU is the fact that signs to be used for interpretation are coded into signals along with other information such as speaker identity. Furthermore, spoken sentences often do not follow the grammar of a language; they exhibit self-corrections, hesitations, repetitions, and other irregular phenomena. SLU systems contain an automatic speech recognition (ASR) component and must be robust to noise due to the spontaneous nature of spoken language and the errors introduced by ASR. Moreover, ASR components output a stream of words with no structure information like punctuation and sentence boundaries. Therefore, SLU systems cannot rely on such markers and must perform text segmentation and understanding at the same time.
Structured-light 3D surface imaging: a tutorial (2011)

We provide a review of recent advances in 3D surface imaging technologies. We focus particularly on noncontact 3D surface measurement techniques based on structured illumination. The high-speed and high-resolution pattern projection capability offered by the digital light projection technology, together with the recent advances in imaging sensor technologies, may enable new generation systems for 3D surface measurement applications that will provide much better functionality and performance than existing ones in terms of speed, accuracy, resolution, modularization, and ease of use. Performance indexes of 3D imaging system are discussed, and various 3D surface imaging schemes are categorized, illustrated, and compared. Calibration techniques are also discussed, since they play critical roles in achieving the required precision. Numerous applications of 3D surface imaging technologies are discussed with several examples.
In situ Activation of Dendritic Cells (DC) with Imiquimod for Cancer Immunotherapy (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3997 

The concept that active immunotherapy with antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DC) may have therapeutic promise in oncology is well established. Induction of potent immune response in cancer patients requires an activation step - termed maturation - that turns DC into potent antigen presenting cells. However, the appropriate conditions for ex-vivo maturation remain largely unknown. The objective of this study was to develop a more effective vaccination platform for human immunotherapy trials by maturing DC in vivo through injection of DC into dermal sites conditioned with the immunomodulator Imiquimod (Aldara®). In order to assess the biological response to Imiquimod treatment, skin biopsies from prostate cancer patients were analyzed for secretion of cytokines, including RANTES, MIG, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-α, and PGE-2. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was performed on Imiquimod-treated skin using mAbs against CD3, CD4, CD11b, CD11c, CD14, CD15, CD56, CD68, and CD123. TLR expression by DC was assessed by RT-PCR and Imiquimod-mediated activation of DC was determined by assessing upregulation of maturation markers (CD80, CD83, CD25, and CCR-7) and by functional assays, including primary allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and DC migration assays. Topical application of Imiquimod led to increases in levels of the chemokines RANTES and MCP-1 in human skin biopsies with peak levels after the second administration, while expression of other cytokines known to facilitate DC maturation (TNF- α, MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN- α and PGE2) was not altered. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed activation of skin residing Langerhans cells after Imiquimod treatment. Activation was mediated by TLR-8 and not TLR-7. Imiquimod had no direct effects on maturation of monocyte-derived DC, however, incubation of DC with supernatant derived from Imiquimod-treated Langerhans cells greatly enhanced expression of maturation markers CD80 and CD83 as well as the immunostimulatory properties of monocyte-derived DC, as evidenced by allogeneic MLRs. Furthermore, DC acquired migratory properties as shown by in vitro migration towards MIP-3β gradients and imaging of DC migration in prostate cancer patients. In summery, injection of immature DC into Imiquimod-conditioned skin may represent a superior method of maturing monocyte-derived DC for immunotherapy. Based on these results, a phase I/II clinical trial is ongoing at our institution to assess the immunological and clinical efficacy of in situ-activated DC in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Results of this ongoing clinical trial will be presented.
Active Breathing Suppression for Improved Sleep Monitoring Heartbeat Detection Using UWB Radar (2019)

In this paper, we present a new observation when processing backscattered radar signals from a sleeping subject on a normal mattress. A breathing motion magnification effect is observed because of mattress surface displacement due to human respiratory activity. This undesirable motion artifact causes existing methods for accurate heart-rate estimation to fail. We therefore propose a novel active motion cancellation technique to deal with this problem by intelligently selecting slow-time series from multiple ranges and examining the corresponding phase difference. Finally, we validate our approach through experimental study.
Exact cone beam CT with a spiral scan (1998)

A method is developed which makes it possible to scan and reconstruct an object with cone beam x-rays in a spiral scan path with area detectors much shorter than the length of the object. The method is mathematically exact. If only a region of interest of the object is to be imaged, a top circle scan at the top level of the region of interest and a bottom circle scan at the bottom level of the region of interest are added. The height of the detector is required to cover only the distance between adjacent turns in the spiral projected at the detector. To reconstruct the object, the Radon transform for each plane intersecting the object is computed from the totality of the cone beam data. This is achieved by suitably combining the cone beam data taken at different source positions on the scan path; the angular range of the cone beam data required at each source position can be determined easily with a mask which is the spiral scan path projected on the detector from the current source position. The spiral scan algorithm has been successfully validated with simulated cone beam data.
WT1 Peptide Cancer Vaccine for Patients with Hematopoietic Malignancies and Solid Cancers (2007)

Wild-type Wilms' tumor gene WT1 is expressed at a high level in hematopoietic malignancies including acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes, as well as in various kinds of solid cancers. Human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which could specifically lyse WT1-expressing tumor cells with HLA class I restriction, were generated in vitro. It was also demonstrated that mice immunized with the WT1 peptide rejected challenges by WT1-expressing cancer cells and survived with no signs of autoaggression to normal organs that physiologically expressed WT1. Furthermore, we and others detected IgM and IgG WT1 antibodies in patients with hematopoietic malignancies, indicating that the WT1 protein was highly immunogenic, and that immunoglobulin class-switch-inducing, WT1-specific, cellular immune responses were elicited in these patients. CD8+ WT1-specific CTLs were also detected in peripheral blood or tumor-draining lymph nodes of cancer patients. These results provided us with the rationale for elicitation of CTL responses targeting the WT1 product for cancer immunotherapy. On the basis of these findings, we performed a phase I clinical trial of a WT1 peptide cancer vaccine for the patients with malignant neoplasms. These results strongly suggested that the WT1 peptide cancer vaccine had efficacy in the clinical setting because clinical responses, including reduction of leukemic blast cells or regression of tumor masses, were observed after the WT1 vaccination in patients with hematopoietic malignancies or solid cancers. The power of a tumor-associated-antigen (TAA)-derived cancer vaccine may be enhanced in combination with stronger adjuvants, helper peptide, molecular-target-based drugs, or some chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine, which has been revealed to suppress regulatory T-cell function. In contrast, reduction of WT1 peptide dose may be needed for the treatment of patients with hematological stem cell diseases, because rapid and strong destruction of malignant cell-sustained hematopoiesis before recovery of normal hematopoiesis may lead to pancytopenia in these patients.
Glutamine and glutamate transport by Anabaena variabilis (1983)

Anabaena variabilis, a dinitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, has high- and low-affinity systems for the transport of glutamine and glutamate. The high-affinity systems have Km values of 13.8 and 100 microM and maximal rates of 13.2 and 14.4 nmol X min-1 X mg of chlorophyll a-1 for glutamine and glutamate, respectively. The low-affinity systems have Km values of 1.1 and 1.4 mM and maximal rates of 125 and 100 nmol X min-1 X mg of chlorophyll a-1 for glutamine and glutamate, respectively. Glutamine was unable to support growth of A. variabilis in the absence of any other nitrogen source, and glutamate alone at 500 microM was inhibitory to its growth. The analog L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine (MSX) was transported by a high-affinity system with a Km of 34 microM. Competition experiments and the transport characteristics of a specific class of MSX-resistant mutants imply that glutamine, glutamate, and MSX share a common component for transport. A second class of MSX-resistant mutants had a glutamine synthetase activity with altered affinity constants for glutamine and glutamate relative to the wild-type enzyme.
High affinity binding of an N-terminal myristoylated p60 peptide (1989)

N-Myristoyl and non-myristoyl peptides corresponding to the N terminus of p60src were used to examine whether N-myristoylation facilitates the binding of p60src to specific protein sites at the plasma membrane. We discovered high affinity protein acceptor sites (Kd = 2.7 nM) to a 15-amino acid N-myristoylated N-terminal p60src peptide in red cell membrane vesicles. Binding was not competed by the non-myristoylated analog of the peptide nor by shorter N-myristoyl src peptides and peptides homologous to the N terminus of other N-myristoylated proteins. Binding was not evident after treatment of vesicles with proteolytic enzymes. Raising the salt concentration of the buffer to 50 mM NaCl caused an apparent inhibition of binding. However, no significant effect of salt was observed on the off-rate of bound ligand under these conditions. The results indicate the existence of N-myristoyl-dependent p60src protein acceptor sites at or near the plasma membrane/skeleton interface of red cells which could be responsible for the localization of p60src to this region and may represent new regulatory components for p60src-mediated tyrosine kinase activity.
Impedance-analyzer measurements of high-frequency power passives: techniques for high power and low impedance (2003)

Challenges for measurements of high-frequency passive components for power electronics applications include the difficulty in measuring the small real impedance of an efficient component, the need for high-level excitation to match operating conditions for a nonlinear component, and in some applications, the need to measure very low impedances. Commercial impedance analyzers are tested and shown to be able to meet some of these requirements. To extend their capabilities, a new test fixture with less than 100 pH stray inductance has been developed for measurements of low impedances. The use of a power booster to extend drive capability to higher powers is also presented.
SoDA: implementation of a 3D alignment algorithm for inference of antigen receptor recombinations (2005)

We tested SoDA against a set of 120 artificial immunoglobulin sequences generated by simulation of recombination and compared the results with two other widely used programs. SoDA inferred the correct gene segments more frequently than the other two programs. We further tested these programs using 30 human immunoglobulin genes from Genbank and here highlight instances where the recombinations inferred by the three programs differ. SoDA appears generally to find more likely recombinations.
Phosphorylation-dependent targeting of c-Jun ubiquitination by Jun N-kinase. (1996)

Ubiquitination of key cellular regulatory proteins marks them for efficient degradation via the proteasome pathway. The delta domain of c-jun is essential for its ubiquitination and also for the activating phosphorylation of neighboring serines by the stress activated jun-N-terminal kinases (JNK). Using an in vitro model system we demonstrate that JNK is among the hydrophobic binding proteins that target c-jun for efficient ubiquitination. Immunodepletion of JNK markedly inhibits c-jun ubiquitination. Conversely, c-jun ubiquitination is increased by adding purified JNK2 or extracts prepared from cells transfected with JNK2. Although c-jun ubiquitination is enhanced by JNK, the phosphorylation of c-jun on Ser73 by JNK protects c-jun from ubiquitination and prolongs its half-life. The dual activity of JNK in targeting c-jun for ubiquitination or in protecting c-jun from entering this pathway via phosphorylation points to the role of JNK in the control of c-jun stability in cells exposed to environmental stress or inflammatory cytokines.
A PHD in T cell evasion (2001)

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has evolved a novel means of evading the human immune system: two KSHV proteins, MIR1 and MIR2, cause immune recognition molecules on the host cell surface to be internalized and degraded in the endosome. But how do MIR1 and MIR2 accomplish this? On page 1265, Coscoy et al. present the surprising finding that the viral proteins ubiquitinate their cellular targets, and that this modification causes the immune recognition molecules MHC-I, B7.2, and ICAM-1 to be endocytosed. In addition to uncovering a new use for ubiquitination, the work identifies the first of a new class of ubiquitin ligases.The authors found that the ubiquitination requires the PHD subfamily zinc finger motifs found in the MIR1 and MIR2 membrane-bound viral proteins. In vitro analysis of MIR2 shows that it is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, making it the first such enzyme found to use a PHD subfamily rather than a RING subfamily zinc finger. MIR1 and MIR2 may interact with immune recognition molecules on the cell surface and ubiquitinate lysine residues in the cytoplasmic domains of the host proteins.






Figure 

MIR2 directs ubiquitination of its targets.




The substrates of MIR1 and MIR2 are targeted to the endosome rather than the proteosome, so the results add immune recognition molecules to the growing list of proteins whose endocytosis can be regulated by ubiquitination. The two viral proteins were originally identified in a screen for inhibitors of immune recognition, so Coscoy et al. are now searching for additional substrates that might be ubiquitinated by MIR2.

Another group, studying a MIR1 homologue called MK3 in a murine herpesvirus, has independently determined that MK3 causes the ubiquitination and degradation of mouse MHC-I (Boname, J.M., et al. 2001. Immunity. 15:627–636). In contrast to the situation in KSHV infection, though, MK3-driven ubiquitination targets MHC-I to the proteosome. ▪
Performance of Four Chromogenic Urine Culture Media after One or Two Days of Incubation Compared with Reference Media (2002)

Four chromogenic urine culture media were compared to culture on blood agar, MacConkey agar, and CLED (cysteine-, lactose-, and electrolyte-deficient) agar for detection of uropathogens in 1,200 urine specimens. After 2 nights of incubation, 96% of all isolates were recovered on blood agar, 96% were recovered on CLED agar, 92% were recovered on CPS ID2, 96% were recovered on CHROMagar Orientation from BBL, 95% were recovered on CHROMagar Orientation from The CHROMagar Company, and 95% were recovered on Chromogenic UTI Medium.
Anaerobic Production of a Biosurfactant by Bacillus licheniformis JF-2 (1985)

Bacillus licheniformis JF-2 anaerobically produced a biosurfactant when grown in a glucose-mineral salts medium containing yeast extract and NaNO(3). Surface tension of the medium was reduced from 70 to 74 mN/m to as low as 28 mN/m due to the production of an anionic biosurfactant.
Localisation of a gene for central areolar choroidal dystrophy to chromosome 17p (1996)

Central areolar choroidal dystrophy (CACD) is a rare inherited retinal disease which causes progressive profound loss of vision in patients during their 4th decade. We have identified a Northern Irish family with 19 affected individuals in three living generations. We have performed a total genome search and established linkage of CACD in this family to chromosome 17p (multipoint Zmax = 5.65 at D17S938). The genes for phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITPN), retinal guanylate cyclase (GUC2D), beta-arrestin 2 (ARRB2), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and recoverin (RCV1) map to this region and are candidate genes for retinal disease. Analysis of the coding region of the PITPN gene failed to reveal any mutation in this family.
Immunotoxins in cancer therapy. (2002)

Several antibodies have now been approved for the therapy of cancer. Two of these, rituximab (Rituxan) and alemtuzumab (CAMPATH; ILEX Oncology Inc), are capable of inducing cell death and tumor regressions when given alone. The third, trastuzumab (Herceptin), is not very effective by itself, but does potentiate the activity of paclitaxel (Taxol) and other chemotherapeutic agents. Unfortunately, most antibodies do not kill cancer cells unless they are armed with a cytotoxic agent, such as a radioisotope, a cytotoxic drug, or a protein toxin. Each of these have advantages and disadvantages.
Calcineurin is associated with the cytoskeleton of cultured neurons and has a role in the acquisition of polarity. (1993)

Calcineurin is a calmodulin-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase found in many cell types but most abundant in neurons. To determine its localization in developing neurons, dissociated cultures from embryonic day 15 rat cerebellum were analyzed immunocytochemically after treatment with cytoskeletal-disrupting drugs. During the initial outgrowth of neurites, calcineurin is enriched in growth cones where its localization depends upon the integrity of both microtubules and actin filaments. Treatment with cytochalasin shifts calcineurin from the growth cone to the neurite shaft, and with nocadozole calcineurin translocates to the cell body. Therefore calcineurin is well positioned to mediate interactions between cytoskeletal systems during neurite elongation. By 14 d in culture, when the neurons have developed extensive neuronal contacts and synapses are present, calcineurin is predominantly in the neurite shaft. Incubation of cultured cells with Cyclosporin A or a specific peptide, both of which selectively inhibit calcineurin's phosphatase activity, prevented axonal elongation. Because the microtubule-associated protein tau appears to play a key role in asymmetric neurite elongation, we examined modifications in its phosphorylation state resulting from calcineurin inhibition. In contrast to the normal development of cerebellar macroneurons in which reactivity with the phosphorylation-dependent antibody, tau-1, progressively increases, there was a persistent inhibition of tau-1 reactivity in cells exposed to Cyclosporin A. These findings suggest a role for calcineurin in regulating tau phosphorylation and possibly modulating other steps required for the determination of polarity.
Studies on the interaction of IL-8 with human plasma alpha 2-macroglobulin: evidence for the presence of IL-8 complexed to alpha 2-macroglobulin in lung fluids of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (1997)

alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha 2m) is a major plasma proteinase inhibitor, as well as a carrier and regulator of the function of many cytokines. IL-8 is a potent neutrophil attractant and activator, and it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The concentration of both IL-8 and alpha 2m is increased in lung fluids from patients with ARDS. Therefore, interaction of IL-8 with human alpha 2m was studied. Mixtures of native and methylamine-treated alpha 2m (fast alpha 2m) with 125I-labeled IL-8 were analyzed using nonreducing gel electrophoresis. 125I-labeled IL-8 exclusively bound to fast alpha 2m, and the binding could be inhibited by unlabeled IL-8. Analysis of the IL-8-alpha 2m interaction using SDS-PAGE gels indicated that the binding was mainly noncovalent. The affinity of the binding of alpha 2m to IL-8 was measured using an equilibrium dialysis technique, and Kd was 30 nM. Bioassays revealed that fast alpha 2m did not affect IL-8-induced neutrophil degranulation or chemotaxis. However, it protected IL-8 from proteolytic degradation. In addition, IL-8 complexed to alpha 2m was detected in lung fluids from patients with ARDS. alpha 2m may therefore modulate IL-8 function in the lung.