gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of heat shock protein 90 and other proteins as tumour antigens by serological screening of an ovarian carcinoma expression library (2002)

Serological screening of recombinant cDNA expression libraries has been widely used for the identification of tumour antigens in various cancer types. Identification of tumour antigens in ovarian cancer may facilitate the development of vaccine-based therapies and of disease biomarkers. The purpose of our investigation is to identify tumour antigens in ovarian cancer by using the serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries method. A recombinant ovarian carcinoma cDNA expression library was screened with ascites fluid, pooled from five ovarian cancer patients. Twelve tumour antigens encoded by known genes were isolated, including ribosomal protein S18, heat shock protein 90, JK-recombination signal binding protein, ribonucleoprotein H1, RAN binding protein 7, TG-interacting factor, eukaryotic translation initiation factor p40 subunit, human amyloid precursor protein-binding protein 1, ribosomal protein L8, CDC23, IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1, and ribosomal protein L3. Heat shock protein 90 was chosen for further investigation. The prevalence of hsp90 autoantibodies in ovarian cancer was determined with immunoassay. Sera from 22 normal females, 32 from ovarian cancer (22 stage III/IV, 10 stage I/II), 37 colorectal cancer, 13 breast cancer, 10 lung cancer, 20 benign gynaecologic diseases, and 10 benign breast lesions were screened. Seven (32%) stage III/IV ovarian cancer, 1 (10%) stage I/II ovarian cancer, 1 (3%) colorectal cancer, 1 (8%) breast cancer, and 1 (5%) benign gynaecologic disease sera were found to contain hsp90 autoantibodies. These data support the view that hsp90 autoantibodies are frequently found in late stage ovarian cancer. Hsp90 may, therefore, represent a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer and a candidate ovarian cancer vaccine target.
Secure personal computing in an insecure network (1979)

A method for implementing secure personal computing in a network with one or more central facilities is proposed. The method employs a public-key encryption device and hardware keys. Each user is responsible for his own security and need not rely on the security of the central facility or the communication links. A user can safely store confidential files in the central facility or transmit confidential data to other users on the network.
Adaptive Scratch Pad Memory Management for Dynamic Behavior of Multimedia Applications (2009)

Exploiting runtime memory access traces can be a complementary approach to compiler optimizations for the energy reduction in memory hierarchy. This is particularly important for emerging multimedia applications since they usually have input-sensitive runtime behavior which results in dynamic and/or irregular memory access patterns. These types of applications are normally hard to optimize by static compiler optimizations. The reason is that their behavior stays unknown until runtime and may even change during computation. To tackle this problem, we propose an integrated approach of software [compiler and operating system (OS)] and hardware (data access record table) techniques to exploit data reusability of multimedia applications in Multiprocessor Systems on Chip. Guided by compiler analysis for generating scratch pad data layouts and hardware components for tracking dynamic memory accesses, the scratch pad data layout adapts to an input data pattern with the help of a runtime scratch pad memory manager incorporated in the OS. The runtime data placement strategy presented in this paper provides efficient scratch pad utilization for the dynamic applications. The goal is to minimize the amount of accesses to the main memory over the entire runtime of the system, which leads to a reduction in the energy consumption of the system. Our experimental results show that our approach is able to significantly improve the energy consumption of multimedia applications with dynamic memory access behavior over an existing compiler technique and an alternative hardware technique.
GLP-1 is localized to the mitotic region of the C. elegans germ line (1994)

In C. elegans, germline mitosis depends on induction by the somatic distal tip cell (DTC) and on activity of the glp-1 gene. Using antibodies to GLP-1 protein, we have examined GLP-1 on western blots and by immunocytochemistry. GLP-1 is tightly associated with membranes of mitotic germline cells, supporting its identification as an integral membrane protein. Furthermore, GLP-1 is localized within the germ line to the mitotic region, consistent with the model that GLP-1 acts as a membrane receptor for the distal tip cell signal. Unexpectedly, GLP-1 and the zone of mitosis extend further than the DTC processes. We present three models by which the DTC may influence GLP-1 activity and thereby determine the zone of mitosis. The spatial restriction of GLP-1 appears to be controlled at the translational level in hermaphrodites. We suggest that down-regulation of GLP-1 may be required to effect the transition from mitosis into meiosis.
Planarized Silver Interconnect Technology With A Ti Self-Passivation Technique For Deep Sub-Micron ULSIs (1993)

Aluminum and its alloys are the most common materials used for interconnections in LSIs. However, as the deep sub-micron regime of device dimensions is approached, several problems arise in the use of aluminum for wiring. These include high resistance and poor electro-migration reliability when the wiring is very fine. Currently, copper is expected to be used in place of aluminum to solve such problems, and many intensive studies of copper interconnections have been reported.
Metadata update performance in file systems (1994)

Structural changes, such as file creation and block allocation, have consistently been identified as file system performance problems in many user environments. We compare several implementations that maintain metadata integrity in the event of a system failure but do not require changes to the on-disk structures. In one set of schemes, the file system uses asynchronous writes and passes ordering requirements to the disk scheduler. These scheduler-enforced ordering schemes outperform the conventional approach (synchronous writes) by more than 30 percent for metadata update intensive benchmarks, but are suboptimal mainly due to their inability to safely use delayed writes when ordering is required. We therefore introduce soft updates, an implementation that asymptotically approaches memory-based file system performance (within 5 percent) while providing stronger integrity and security guarantees than most UNIX file systems. For metadata update in-tensive benchmarks, this improves performance by more than a factor of two when compared to the conventional approach.
ATTENUATION IN AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHETIC OPERONS (1982)

Orthologs and paralogs are two fundamentally different types of homologous genes that evolved, respectively, by vertical descent from a single ancestral gene and by duplication. Orthology and paralogy are key concepts of evolutionary genomics. A ...Read More
G-protein-coupled Receptor Kinase Specificity for β-Arrestin Recruitment to the β2-Adrenergic Receptor Revealed by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (2006)

The small family of G-protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) regulate cell signaling by phosphorylating heptahelical receptors, thereby promoting receptor interaction with beta-arrestins. This switches a receptor from G-protein activation to G-protein desensitization, receptor internalization, and beta-arrestin-dependent signal activation. However, the specificity of GRKs for recruiting beta-arrestins to specific receptors has not been elucidated. Here we use the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR), the archetypal nonvisual heptahelical receptor, as a model to test functional GRK specificity. We monitor endogenous GRK activity with a fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay in live cells by measuring kinetics of the interaction between the beta(2)AR and beta-arrestins. We show that beta(2)AR phosphorylation is required for high affinity beta-arrestin binding, and we use small interfering RNA silencing to show that HEK-293 and U2-OS cells use different subsets of their expressed GRKs to promote beta-arrestin recruitment, with significant GRK redundancy evident in both cell types. Surprisingly, the GRK specificity for beta-arrestin recruitment does not correlate with that for bulk receptor phosphorylation, indicating that beta-arrestin recruitment is specific for a subset of receptor phosphorylations on specific sites. Moreover, multiple members of the GRK family are able to phosphorylate the beta(2)AR and induce beta-arrestin recruitment, with their relative contributions largely determined by their relative expression levels. Because GRK isoforms vary in their regulation, this partially redundant system ensures beta-arrestin recruitment while providing the opportunity for tissue-specific regulation of the rate of beta-arrestin recruitment.
Trichuris suis seems to be safe and possibly effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2003)

This open trial demonstrates that it is safe to administer eggs from the porcine whipworm, Trichuris suis, to patients with CD and UC. It also demonstrates improvement in the common clinical indices used to describe disease activity. The benefit was temporary in some patients with a single dose, but it could be prolonged with maintenance therapy every 3 wk. The study suggests that it is possible to downregulate aberrant intestinal inflammation in humans with helminths.
An operational amplifier circulator based on the weighted summer (1975)

A novel Y-circulator, constructed from operational amplifier (op-amp) weighted summers, consists of three op-amps and a few resistors and is integrable. It can be designed for three different or equal, complex or real, balanced or grounded terminations. The small leakage to the "isolated" port is caused by the finite common mode rejection of the op-amp and the sensitivity of the circuit to component deviations. One important merit of the new circulator is its ability to be designed for zero or finite gain, the gain-bandwidth product being, for a matched circulator, half that of the op-map. The circulator consists effectively of three "stages" or "active hybrid networks." Measurements confirm the analytical expectations. Finally, circuits are suggested for the use in the telephone set, at the ends of long distance telephone transmission circuits, in bidirectional repeaters, in filter connection, and in gyrator realization.
Symposium on steroid hormones. 1. Synthetic progestational steroids. Their significance and use. (1961)

Synthetic progestational compounds are evaluated in terms of specifi c potencies and actions. The synthetic progestins have a wide spectrum of activity. Certain progestins might be preferred in 1 situation and others elsewhere. In reviewing the progestins, it was concluded that the management of habitual abortion might be most effective by administering 1 gm of progesterone or 40 mg of medroxyprogesterone daily by mouth. As an injectable, 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate insures constancy of action and promotes a physiologic type of secretory endometrium. Medroxyprogesterone as an oral agent also appears favorable in this regard. The 19-norsteroids appear to have a hemostatic action. They have a definite role in the management of dysmenorrhea. Pregnancy has occurred with astonishing promptness in fertile women who have stopped the use of 19-norsteroids taken previously for contraceptive purposes. The 19-norsteroids and medroxyprogesterone are being used in the treatment of endometriosis. It was concluded that the concept of a synthetic progestin merely as a convenient substitute for progesterone is untenable and does not take advantage of the great potential of these new drugs.
Animating Face using Disentangled Audio Representations (2019)

All previous methods for audio-driven talking head generation assume the input audio to be clean with a neutral tone. As we show empirically, one can easily break these systems by simply adding certain background noise to the utterance or changing its emotional tone (to such as sad). To make talking head generation robust to such variations, we propose an explicit audio representation learning framework that disentangles audio sequences into various factors such as phonetic content, emotional tone, background noise and others. We conduct experiments to validate that conditioned on disentangled content representation, the generated mouth movement by our model is significantly more accurate than previous approaches (without disentangled learning) in the presence of noise and emotional variations. We further demonstrate that our framework is compatible with current state-of-the-art approaches by replacing their original audio learning component with ours. To our best knowledge, this is the first work which improves the performance of talking head generation from disentangled audio representation perspective, which is important for many real-world applications.
Extent of power-law scaling for natural fractures in rock (1999)

Research Article| September 01, 1999 Extent of power-law scaling for natural fractures in rock Randall Marrett; Randall Marrett 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1101, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Orlando J. Ortega; Orlando J. Ortega 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1101, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Celinda M. Kelsey Celinda M. Kelsey 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1101, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (1999) 27 (9): 799–802. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0799:EOPLSF>2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Randall Marrett, Orlando J. Ortega, Celinda M. Kelsey; Extent of power-law scaling for natural fractures in rock. Geology 1999;; 27 (9): 799–802. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0799:EOPLSF>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract New data sets from natural faults and extension fractures exhibit simple power-law scaling across 3.4–4.9 orders of magnitude, regardless of rock type or movement mode. The data show no evidence of natural gaps or scaling changes. Each data set consists of independent measurements made at different observational scales; a power-law regression to the subset of smaller fractures in each case provides an extrapolation that accurately predicts associated larger fractures. Consequently, data representing a limited range of fracture sizes may be used to characterize a much broader spectrum of fracture sizes. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
The Impacts of Limited Visual Feedback on Mobile Text Entry for the Twiddler and Mini-QWERTY Keyboards (2005)

In a mobile environment, the amount of visual attention a person can devote to a computer is often limited. In addition to typing rapidly and accurately, it is important to be able to enter text with limited visual feedback. Previously we found that users can effectively type in such "blind" conditions with the Twiddler one-handed keyboard. In this paper we examine blind typing on mini-QWERTY keyboards and introduce a taxonomy for blind mobile text Input. We present a study in which eight expert mini-QWERTY typists participated in 5 typing sessions. Each session consists of three twenty minute typing conditions. In the first condition, the control or "normal" condition, the participant had full visual access to both the keyboard and the display. In the second condition, "single blind" we obstructed view of the keyboard. The final "double blind" condition also reduced visual feedback from the display. In contrast to our Twiddler work, we found that in the visually impaired conditions, typing rate and accuracy suffer, never reaching the non-blind rates. Across the blind mini-QWERTY conditions our participants averaged 45.8 wpm at 85.6% accuracy, while blind typing on the Twiddler averaged 47.3 wpm at 93.9% accuracy. We discuss these results in the context of our previous blind typing work and examine the trade-offs between the different keyboards for mobile and wearable computer use.
Inflammation as an important feature of osteoarthritis. (2003)

George Ehrlich’s paper “Osteoarthritis beginning with inflammation: definitions and correlations” emphasized the importance of inflammation as a component of osteoarthritis (1). In this paper, published over 25 years ago, Ehrlich described a cohort of predominantly menopausal females who presented with a deforming and inflammatory osteoarthritis, some of whom went on to develop changes characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. Although the majority of patients were controlled with standard anti-inflammatory medications, a minority of the cohort suffered exacerbations of their disease and developed more extensive evidence of inflammation, including a positive rheumatoid factor. These patients presented initially with primarily interphalangeal involvement with clinical features of pain and inflammation. Large joints such as the shoulder and knee were also involved. Ehrlich raised the issue that this particular syndrome might be at the “interface” between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammation is now well accepted as a feature of osteoarthritis. A current working definition of osteoarthritis maintains that it is a condition of synovial joints characterized by cartilage loss and evidence of accompanying periarticular bone response. Examination of synovial tissues from patients with osteoarthritis clearly shows evidence of inflammation, though this is not as aggressive as that seen in the inflammatory arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. A key feature of osteoarthritis is the cartilage loss and the accompanying periarticular bone response which leads to the development of osteophytes and subchondral sclerosis. This is also accompanied by a degree of synovitis. With ageing of the population, the importance of osteoarthritis as a cause of disability is increasing in both industrialized countries and the developing world. Osteoarthritis remains one of the most common forms of
The Third Gas: H2S Regulates Perfusion Pressure in Both the Isolated and Perfused Normal Rat Liver and in Cirrhosis * (2005)

The regulation of sinusoidal resistance is dependent on the contraction of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) around sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) through paracrine cross-talk of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a recently discovered gas neurotransmitter, is a putative vasodilator whose role in hepatic vascular regulation and portal hypertension is unexplored. Four-week bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats with cirrhosis and control rats were treated daily with NaHS (56 micromol/kg) for 5 days. Isolated livers were perfused first with NaHS for 20 minutes and then with norepinephrine (NE) and the intrahepatic resistance studied. In normal rats and animals with cirrhosis, administration of NE resulted in a dose-dependent increase of portal pressure. This effect was attenuated by H2S treatment (P < .05). The H2S-induced relaxation of hepatic microcirculation was attenuated by glibenclamide, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ channel inhibitor. L-Cysteine, a substrate of cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE), decreased vasoconstriction in normal rat livers (P < .05) but failed to do so in livers with cirrhosis. BDL resulted in a downregulation of CSE mRNA/protein levels and activity (P < .05). Our in vitro data demonstrate that CSE is expressed in hepatocytes, HSCs, but not in sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC). HSC activation downregulates CSE mRNA expression, resulting in a defective production of H2S and abrogation of relaxation induced by L-cysteine. In conclusion, CSE-derived H2S is involved in the maintenance of portal venous pressure. The reduction of CSE expression in the liver with cirrhosis contributes to the development of increased intrahepatic resistance and portal hypertension.
Relationship of causative factors in spontaneous regression of cancer to immunologic factors possibly effective in cancer (1976)

In a book written by Everson and Cole (1966) on spontaneous regression 176 examples of the phenomenon were encountered in the medical literature from 1900 to 1964, supplemented by cases referred by friends. No common denominator of explanations were found. Various types of trauma (e.g., biopsy, incomplete excision), transfusions, infection, hormone changes, drugs, etc. were encountered as possible causative factors. Most significant of all factors was encountered in the 13 examples of spontaneous regression of the bladder; in this series regression of the tumor occurred in 10 after transplantation of the ureters out of the bladder. A consideration and discussion of various reactions in human beings associated with therapeutic regressions have been reviewed hoping to develop a correlation between the two types of regression. At the time of publication of our monograph 9 years ago we were unable to suggest any mechanisms which might explain the regressions. However, since that time so many advances have been made in immunology that it appears now that a stimulation of the immune process might explain most of the regressions. We are just beginning to learn a few methods of stimulating the immune process. Use of BCG is one of the best examples of this stimulating process; other bacterial agents, or fractions, are known to have this action. No doubt there are innumerable others unknown, some of which might explain spontaneous regressions. It would appear that hormonal changes might be responsible for many of the regressions but this author doubts it explains many. More is known at the present time about cellular immunity than humoral immunity, but greater possibilities surely lie in humoral immunity. The blocking and unblocking activities developed by the Hellströms and associates are no doubt important. Immunoglobulins exert a very important role in the immune process; antibodies may consist of immunoglobulins but much more needs to be known before this relationship can be understood. The recent report (Amery, 1975) that levamisole (given at the time of resection of the lung for carcinoma) improves patient survival is exciting. Amery believes the drug may prevent the hematogenous spread of the tumor during surgery and/or may decrease the immunosuppression caused by a major operation.