gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lesion-Targeted Injectable Vectors for Vascular Restenosis (2001)

Pathologic lesions caused by catheter-based revascularization procedures for occlusive artery disease include disruption of the endothelium, exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, which lead to neointima formation and restenosis. We have developed matrix-collagen-targeted retroviral vectors that are able to accumulate at sites of vascular injury (Hall et al., Hum. Gene Ther. 1997;8:2183-2192; Hall et al., Hum. Gene Ther. 2000;11:983-993). The primary tissue-targeting motif, adapted from the physiological surveillance sequence found in von Willebrand factor, served to localize and concentrate the vector within vascular lesions. In the present study, we evaluated the efficiency of this vector-targeting system in rats with nonligated balloon-injured carotid arteries. Both intraarterial (by retrograde femoral artery catheterization) and intravenous (via femoral vein) injection of a matrix-targeted vector enhanced transduction of neointimal cells ( approximately 20%) at severely denuded areas when compared with the nontargeted vector (<1%). Further, intraarterial instillation of a matrix-targeted, but not a nontargeted, vector bearing an antisense cyclin G1 construct inhibited neointima lesion formation in the injured carotid arteries. Taken together, these data indicate that strategic targeting of retroviral vectors to vascular lesions would have therapeutic potential in the management of vascular restenosis and many other disorders of uncontrolled proliferation where endothelial disruption, ECM remodeling, and collagen deposition form the nexus for preferential vector localization and concentration in vivo.
Magnitude and Time Course of Arterial Vascular Adaptations to Inactivity in Humans (2006)

We demonstrate that extensive arterial vascular adaptations occur within 3-8 wk of inactivity in humans. We put forth the hypothesis that the diameter decrease represents an adaptation to a lack of variation in peak shear stress. Furthermore, an enhanced flow-mediated dilation in deconditioned arteries implies that functional vascular adaptations to inactivity are not simply the inverse of adaptations to exercise.
Sky is not the limit (2016)

Skies are common backgrounds in photos but are often less interesting due to the time of photographing. Professional photographers correct this by using sophisticated tools with painstaking efforts that are beyond the command of ordinary users. In this work, we propose an automatic background replacement algorithm that can generate realistic, artifact-free images with a diverse styles of skies. The key idea of our algorithm is to utilize visual semantics to guide the entire process including sky segmentation, search and replacement. First we train a deep convolutional neural network for semantic scene parsing, which is used as visual prior to segment sky regions in a coarse-to-fine manner. Second, in order to find proper skies for replacement, we propose a data-driven sky search scheme based on semantic layout of the input image. Finally, to re-compose the stylized sky with the original foreground naturally, an appearance transfer method is developed to match statistics locally and semantically. We show that the proposed algorithm can automatically generate a set of visually pleasing results. In addition, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with extensive user studies.
Expression of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) and Responsiveness to TLR Agonists by Polarized Mouse Uterine Epithelial Cells in Culture1 (2006)

The objective of the present study was to examine the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by mouse uterine epithelial cells and to determine if stimulation of the expressed TLR induces changes in cytokine and/or chemokine secretion. Using RT-PCR, the expression of TLRs 1-6 by mouse uterine epithelial cells was demonstrated, with TLRs 7-9 expressed only periodically. In the absence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, polarized uterine epithelial cells constitutively secrete interleukin (IL) 1A, cysteine-cysteine ligand (CCL) 2, IL6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), tumor necrosis factor A (TNFA), CSF3, and IL8 in vitro, with levels of cytokines/chemokines secreted into the apical compartment being significantly greater than those released into the basolateral compartment. When added to the apical surface for 48 h before analysis, the TLR2-agonist Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 and TLR1/6-agonist peptidoglycan increased epithelial cell apical secretion of IL1A, CCL2, and IL6 and apical/basolateral bidirectional secretion of CSF2, TNFA, CSF3, and IL8 when compared to controls. The TLR3-agonist poly (I:C) significantly increased bidirectional secretion of CCL2, IL6, TNFA, and CSF2 and basolateral secretion of CSF3. Lastly, the TLR4-agonist lipopolysaccharide increased bidirectional secretion CCL2, CSF2, TNFA, CSF3, and IL8 and apical secretion of IL6. These results indicate that mRNAs for Tlr1 through Tlr6 are expressed by uterine epithelial cells and that treatment with specific TLR agonists alters the expression of key chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines that contribute to the defense of the uterus against potential pathogens.
The Bionic Handling Assistant: a success story of additive manufacturing (2011)

Purpose This review will describe the development of the Bionic Handling Assistant as well as the additive manufacturing (AM) process of robot grippers and its possibilities. Design/methodology/approach AM offers the chance to use the additive processes to produce highly flexible automation parts and systems as the Bionic Handling Assistant in small and medium quantities that can utilize a lot of design advantages provided by the process. Findings A lot of products of today and especially tomorrow could be produced by rapid manufacturing. New categories of products, such as the Bionic Handling Assistant, will occur. Originality/value In the paper, aspects of a visionary scenario for future productions are shown and demonstrated on the Bionic Handling Assistant.
C/EBPα Regulates Human Adiponectin Gene Transcription Through an Intronic Enhancer (2005)

Adiponectin is an adipose-derived hormone that enhances insulin sensitivity and plays an important role in regulating energy homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that the DNA encoding the first intron of the human adiponectin gene contains an intronic enhancer that regulates adiponectin gene expression in an adipose tissue-specific manner. Insertion of the DNA encoding the first intron into reporter constructs containing the proximal adiponectin promoter (Pro-Int1-Luc) resulted in a 20-fold increase in activity relative to the promoter alone in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Coexpression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)alpha increased luciferase activity of the Pro-Int1-Luc construct approximately 75-fold but had no effect on the constructs containing the proximal adiponectin promoter alone. At least eight potential C/EBPalpha response elements are located between +3000 to +10000 nucleotides within the DNA encoding the first intron, including a 34-bp core sequence for the intronic enhancer that contains three tandem C/EBPalpha response elements. However, the intronic enhancer is not conserved between human and mouse. Overexpression or siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous C/EBPalpha significantly increased or decreased, respectively, adiponectin mRNA levels in differentiated human Chub-S7 adipocytes, while neither C/EBPbeta nor C/EBPdelta significantly affected adiponectin expression in mature adipocytes. Thus, C/EBPalpha is a key transcription factor for full activation of human adiponectin gene transcription in mature adipocytes through interaction with response elements in the intronic enhancer.
Pulse pressure and arterial elasticity (2002)

The last decade has seen increased interest in the mechanical interaction between the heart and the arterial system. In particular, it has been suggested that increased arterial stiffness is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and may even predict its development at an early stage before vascular lesions or external symptoms become evident (reviewed in references 1 and 2). The reasons for this association are not fully understood, although we have known for almost 200 years that pulse pressure is affected by the distensibility of the arterial system, its dimensions and the presence of wave reflections.3 Accordingly, renewed attention has been directed at methods of measuring arterial elasticity, either directly or by way of ‘surrogates’.

The review in this issue by Mackenzie and colleagues discusses the clinical value of such measurements. They reiterate the argument outlined by O'Rourke:4 that after the introduction of the sphygmomanometer, the shape of the pressure wave was neglected in favour of a simple numerical representation (i.e. pulse pressure), and that with the development of improved methods, analysis of the pulse wave is back in fashion. Whatever the reasons, it is clear that the long‐term performance of the heart, like that of all machines, depends not only on the average load to which it is exposed, but at least as much on time‐varying and peak loads. It is surprising, at least with the benefit of hindsight, that more attention has not been given to this aspect of the circulation.

To explain the relationship between forces generated within the myocardium, pressure within the ventricles, and changes in the shape and height of the pressure pulse as it travels away from the heart, requires a model of the circulation which, constrained by the observed anatomy and mechanical properties of the circulation, is able to predict …
Basic principles of immunological surveillance of the normal central nervous system (2001)

Unlike most bodily organs, the central nervous system (CNS) exists behind a blood-tissue barrier designed to minimize the passage of cells and macromolecules into the neural parenchyma. Yet, the CNS is routinely and effectively surveyed by the immune system. This review examines the mechanisms and participants in this immunological surveillance mechanism. The nature of the healthy blood-brain barrier, factors modifying it, and its central position in determining the number and nature of leukocytes permitted to enter, are considered. In addition the role in surveillance played by lymphatic drainage, migrating T and B lymphocytes, and elements of the monocyte/macrophage/microglia family are considered. While all these participants are known to be important in responding to a CNS antigen and/or establishing a site of inflammation in the nervous system, they also are major elements in maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS and permitting the necessary immunological surveillance of that organ.
Virucidal activity of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide below the critical micelle concentration (1986)

The virucidal activity of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated against a variety of different lipid-containing and non-lipid-containing bacterial viruses and 2 mammalian viruses. In all cases, the maximum virucidal effectiveness was obtained under conditions of low ionic strength and moderately basic pH. The virucidal effect is present well below the critical micelle concentration of CTAB, indicating that the initial interaction with viral surfaces is by monomers of CTAB and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) exhibited no virucidal activity.
Perhexiline improves symptomatic status in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis (1997)

Therapy with perhexiline was associated with a marked improvement in clinical status in this group of elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis.
Patching the Heart (2013)

Transplantation of engineered tissue patches containing either progenitor cells or cardiomyocytes for cardiac repair is emerging as an exciting treatment option for patients with postinfarction left ventricular remodeling. The beneficial effects may evolve directly from remuscularization or indirectly through paracrine mechanisms that mobilize and activate endogenous progenitor cells to promote neovascularization and remuscularization, inhibit apoptosis, and attenuate left ventricular dilatation and disease progression. Despite encouraging results, further improvements are necessary to enhance current tissue engineering concepts and techniques and to achieve clinical impact. Herein, we review several strategies for cardiac remuscularization and paracrine support that can induce cardiac repair and attenuate left ventricular dysfunction from both within and outside the myocardium.
Oral Fluids as an Alternative to Serum for Measurement of Markers of Immune Activation (1998)

Oral fluids are convenient alternatives to blood sampling for evaluating significant metabolic components. Two forms of oral fluids, oral mucosal transudates (OMT) and saliva, were collected and compared for content of soluble products of immune activation. The data confirm that OMT and saliva represent distinct body fluids. The concentrations, outputs, and analyte/protein ratios of beta-2-microglobulin (beta2M), soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor II (sTNFalphaRII), and neopterin were measured. Both the OMT and the saliva of most of the individuals in the control healthy populations had measurable levels of all three activation markers. When the immune system is activated, as in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the levels of beta2M and sTNFalphaRII are increased in both OMT and saliva compared to those in a healthy control population. OMT levels correlated better with levels in serum than did saliva and appear to reflect systemic immune activation in HIV infection. Because acquisition of oral fluids is noninvasive and easily repeatable, measurement of beta2M and/or sTNFalphaRII content in OMT could be useful in the assessment of disease activity in patients with HIV infection or chronic inflammatory diseases.
The nuclear export signal-dependent localization of oligonucleopeptides enhances the inhibition of the protein expression from a gene transcribed in cytosol (1999)

Upon endocytosis, most oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) accumulate in vesicular compartments; a tiny number of them cross the vesicle membrane, reach the cytosol and by passive diffusion enter the nucleus where they are entrapped. So far, the compartment in which an antisense ODN interacts with its mRNA target has not been precisely characterized. In an attempt to answer this question, ODN-peptides were designed with the aim of maintaining them in the cytosol. This has been achieved by a short peptide sequence called the nuclear export signal (NES). Upon microinjection, ODN-NES peptide conjugates were efficiently and rapidly exported from the nucleus to the cytosol whereas ODN-peptides containing an inactive NES were found to be located in the nucleus. The inhibitory activity of antisense ODN was tested in a system allowing the specific transcription of a luciferase reporter gene in the cytosol. Antisense propynylated ODN-NES peptide conjugates, directed against the luciferase gene, efficiently inhibited (75%) the cytosolic expression of luciferase whereas at the same concentration the peptide-free propynylated ODN or the propynylated ODN-peptides containing an inactive NES were nearly inactive.
Identification and Partial Characterization of the Salmon Calcitonin/CGRP Gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (1992)

The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify sequences encoding calcitonin and CGRP in the genomic DNA of salmon. Amplification products of the expected length were cloned and sequenced. In this way a new CGRP-coding sequence was identified. The new sequence and the known salmon calcitonin-coding sequence were shown to be part of one gene, implying that alternative gene expression takes place in fish.
Nutrigenomic Studies of Effects of Chlorella on Subjects with High-Risk Factors for Lifestyle-Related Disease (2008)

In order to clarify the physiological effects of Chlorella intake on subjects with high-risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases, we conducted Chlorella ingestion tests on 17 subjects with high-risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases and 17 healthy subjects over a 16-week period, including a 4-week post-observation period. We conducted blood biochemical tests and analyzed gene expression profile in whole blood cells in the peripheral blood before and after Chlorella intake. We confirmed that in both groups, Chlorella intake resulted in noticeable reductions in body fat percentage, serum total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose levels. Through gene expression analysis, we found that gene expression profiles varied with Chlorella intake and identified many genes that exhibited behavior such that after the completion of the intake period, expression levels returned to pre-intake expression ones. Among these were genes related to signal transduction molecules, metabolic enzymes, receptors, transporters, and cytokines. A difference in expression level was found between the two groups at the start of the tests, and we were able to identify genes with noticeable variance in expression level resulting from Chlorella intake in the high-risk factor group. These included genes involved in fat metabolism and insulin signaling pathways, which suggests that these pathways could be physiologically affected by Chlorella intake. There were clear variations in the expression profiles of genes directly related to uptake of glucose resulting from Chlorella intake, indicating that the activation of insulin signaling pathways could be the reason for the hypoglycemic effects of Chlorella.
Silicon Wafer Bonding Technology for VLSI and MEMS Applications (2002)

The use of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology in microelectronics is proliferating and is ready to be applied in a growing number of IC fabrication situations. Bonding of single crystal Si to dielectrics, normally silicon dioxide, is a key method of producing SOI structures and this book is designed to directly assist engineers in applying emerging SOI technology in practice.
<title>Laser processing of palladium for selective electroless copper plating</title> (1994)

Various methods for laser-assisted activation of dielectric layers for selective electroless copper plating are investigated. The direct writing of palladium feature by the Ar<SUP>+</SUP> laser-induced pyrolytic decomposition of an organometallic palladium resin on polyimide and Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB> leads to active Pd sites which are selectively copper plated. Other laser-induced processes for selective palladium seeding are studied. It is also shown that those are efficient seeding processes for the electroless plating of copper.
Facile syntheses of cylindrical molecular brushes by a sequential RAFT and ROMP “grafting‐through” methodology (2009)

The orthogonality of RAFT and ROMP chemistries are exploited for a highly efficient “grafting through” strategy to afford cylindrical molecular brushes. The ROMP of α-norbornenyl-functionalized poly(t-butyl acrylate) macroRAFT chain transfer agents, catalyzed by a modified 2nd generation Grubbs' catalyst, achieved completion in minutes under air. Following hydrolysis, functionalizable water-soluble poly(acrylic acid) molecular brushes were afforded. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at www.interscience.wiley.com.]
Quasiparticle interface states in junctions involvingd-wave superconductors (2000)

The influence of surface pair breaking, barrier transmission, and phase difference on quasiparticle bound states in junctions with d-wave superconductors is examined. Based on the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity, an approach is developed to handle interface bound states. It is shown in superconductor-insulator-superconductor junctions that low-energy bound states get their energies reduced by surface pair breaking, which can be taken into account by introducing an effective order parameter for each superconductor at the junction barrier. More interestingly, for the interface bound states near the continuous spectrum the effect of surface pair breaking may result in a splitting of the bound states. In the tunneling limit this can lead to a square-root dependence of a nonequilibrium Josephson current on the barrier transmission, which means an enhancement as compared to the conventional critical current linear in the transmission. Reduced broadening of bound states in normal-metal--insulator--superconductor junctions due to surface pair breaking is found.
Crystallization behavior of neat biodiesel and biodiesel treated with ozonized vegetable oil (2005)

Abstract The utilization of neat biodiesel is limited by its poor low‐temperature flow properties, which are mainly dictated by the lengths of the hydrocarbon chains and the presence of unsaturation. However, the pour point of neat biodiesel prepared from soybean oil, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil can be improved significantly by treatment with small amounts of ozonized vegetable oil. The presence of carbon‐carbon double bonds along the hydrocarbon chains is necessary to make ozonized vegetable oil an effective pour point depressant for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Differential scanning calorimetry and polarized light microscopy revealed that ozonized vegetable oil affects both nucleation and crystal growth of FAME and biodiesel. Treatment of biodiesel with ozonized vegetable oil leads to the formation of considerably smaller, but more numerous crystals at subzero temperatures.
The degradation of wood by simultaneous action of ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid (1929)

Research Article| January 01 1929 The degradation of wood by simultaneous action of ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid William George Campbell William George Campbell 1The Chemistry Section, Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1929 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1929 Biochem J (1929) 23 (6): 1225–1232. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0231225 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation William George Campbell; The degradation of wood by simultaneous action of ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid. Biochem J 1 January 1929; 23 (6): 1225–1232. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0231225 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1929 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1929 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Picking the best DAISY (2009)

Local image descriptors that are highly discriminative, computational efficient, and with low storage footprint have long been a dream goal of computer vision research. In this paper, we focus on learning such descriptors, which make use of the DAISY configuration and are simple to compute both sparsely and densely. We develop a new training set of match/non-match image patches which improves on previous work. We test a wide variety of gradient and steerable filter based configurations and optimize over all parameters to obtain low matching errors for the descriptors. We further explore robust normalization, dimension reduction and dynamic range reduction to increase the discriminative power and yet reduce the storage requirement of the learned descriptors. All these enable us to obtain highly efficient local descriptors: e.g, 13.2% error at 13 bytes storage per descriptor, compared with 26.1% error at 128 bytes for SIFT.
1080. S-triazolopyrimidines. Part I. Synthesis as potential therapeutic agents (1963)

G. W. Miller and F. L. Rose, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 5642 DOI: 10.1039/JR9630005642