gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII/CD23: possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation. (1991)

Expression of low-affinity Fc receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII), which is identical to the lymphocyte differentiation antigen CD23, is associated with activation of lymphoid cells. The mechanism of signal transduction through Fc epsilon RII/CD23 was dissected by transfection of cDNA coding for Fc epsilon RII to the YT human natural killer-like cell line, activation of which was easily detected by the induction of interleukin 2 receptor/p55(Tac). Cross-linking of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 with H107 anti-Fc epsilon RII monoclonal antibody markedly enhanced interleukin 2 receptor/p55 expression on the YT cells transfected with Fc epsilon RII cDNA (YTSER cells). Similar induction of interleukin 2 receptor/p55 by the cross-linking of Fc epsilon RII was observed on an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell line, 3B6, and fresh leukemic cells isolated from a patient with B-cell chronic lymphoblastic leukemia. Thus Fc epsilon RII/CD23 provides activation signals not only in YTSER cells but also in activated B cells. A possible involvement of protein-tyrosine kinase in the Fc epsilon RII-mediated signal transduction was studied. Fc epsilon RII was physically associated with a src family tyrosine kinase p59fyn and not with p56lck, which was also found in YT cells. Recently it was reported that p59fyn was associated with T-cell antigen receptor. Our results collectively suggest the multiple functions of p59fyn that may be implicated in Fc epsilon RII-mediated activation signal in YT cells.
Aneto: a tool for prosody analysis of speech (1998)

The developed tool provides utilities for prosody analysis and labeling of voice signals. It works under Windows 95 and Windows NT environments and uses the Microsoft Win32 application programming interface (API) for audio playing and recording. The application detects the prosody of speech signal and then the original intonation can be stylized in order to observe the pitch contour. Besides, the original intonation can be easily modified and it is possible to resynthesize the voice signal according to the new intonation. Listening to the resynthesized signal, the user can evaluate the results of the prosodic modification. 1 Introduction This application aspires to be a helpful tool for prosody analysis and database labeling in the context of the development of the Text-to-Speech (TTS) system that is being developed at the Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya (UPC) [1][2]. The UPC-TTS system is a bilingual system able to read text in Spanish and Catalan that works using concate...
Human and humanized monoclonal antibodies: preclinical studies and clinical experience (1995)

Conference Article| November 01 1995 Human and humanized monoclonal antibodies: preclinical studies and clinical experience L. östberg; L. östberg 1Protein Design Labs, Inc., 2375 Garcia Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Queen C. Queen 1Protein Design Labs, Inc., 2375 Garcia Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (4): 1038–1043. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0231038 Article history Received: June 13 1995 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation L. östberg, C. Queen; Human and humanized monoclonal antibodies: preclinical studies and clinical experience. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1995; 23 (4): 1038–1043. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0231038 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Model and Algorithm Improvement on Single Beacon Underwater Tracking (2017)

In range-based underwater tracking, the accuracy of the calculated slant range depends largely on the accuracy of the effective sound velocity (ESV). The ESV between a pinger and a receiver certainly is location dependent, and is very difficult to determine accurately. However, a common assumption adopted by many published papers related to single beacon underwater tracking is that the ESV is not only a known quantity, but also location independent. This paper proposes a novel Kalman-based single beacon tracking model that treats the ESV as a state variable. For applying this novel model, a solution method by treating transit time directly as measurement is developed. Traditional Kalman filters for single beacon underwater tracking often update state variables at a uniform rate. However, because the time of arrival measurement arrives at irregular time intervals, implementing a Kalman-based filter for updating state variables should carry out at nonuniform sampling rates. In addition to the realtime filter tracking, this paper also implements the Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother for postprocessing (reconstruction). This paper proposes a hybrid timing algorithm that can achieve both accuracy in filtering and efficiency in smoothing. Through numerical examples of using simulated and field data, both the extended Kalman filter and RTS smoother results show that while implementing the proposed model and algorithm, the tracking accuracy can be significantly improved and the estimated ESV agrees well with its true value.
Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of corticostatic defensins and tachyplesins (1993)

Porcine leukocytes contained three homologous peptides, PG-1, 2 and 3, that manifested potent microbicidal activity against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans in vitro. The peptides ('protegrins') were composed of 16 (PG-2) or 18 amino acid residues, and, like tachyplesins (broad-spectrum antibiotic peptides of horseshoe crab hemocytes), they contained two intramolecular cystine disulfide bonds. Considerably smaller than defensins, protegrins nevertheless showed substantial homology to them, especially to the 'corticostatic' rabbit defensin, NP-3a. The relatively simple structure of protegrins should provide useful prototypes for constructing congeners with selectively enhanced host defense activities.
Cytokine Networks and T-Cell Subsets in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2016)

Pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), involve proinflammatory changes within the microbiota, chronic immune-mediated inflammatory responses, and epithelial dysfunction. Converging data from genome-wide association studies, mouse models of IBD, and clinical trials indicate that cytokines are key effectors of both normal homeostasis and chronic inflammation in the gut. Yet many questions remain concerning the role of specific cytokines in different IBDs within distinct regions of the gut, and regarding cellular mechanisms of action. In this article, we review current and emerging concepts concerning the role of cytokines in IBD with a focus on immune regulation, T cell subsets, and potential clinical applications.
Effects of Si thermal oxidation on B diffusion in Si and strained Si1−xGex layers (1995)

Silicon thermal oxidation was used to characterize the interaction of Si interstitials with a Si1−xGex layer and with B in Si1−xGex. Diffusion of B in a Si marker layer, positioned under a Si1−xGex layer, was monitored as excess Si interstitials were injected into the bulk by the oxidation of the Si capping layer (T=850 °C, t=18 min). The Si1−xGex layer did not affect the oxidation-enhanced diffusion of B in the Si marker layer. Hence, Si1−xGex (x&amp;lt;0.30) does not appear to be a strong sink for Si interstitials. In addition, the enhancement from Si thermal oxidation (T=800 °C, t=60 min) of the measured B diffusivity in Si1−xGex is similar to that in Si. This indicates that, as in Si, the mechanism for B diffusion in Si1−xGex (x&amp;lt;0.18) primarily involves Si interstitials.
A Novel Monoclonal Antibody against Squamous Cell Carcinoma (1990)

The monoclonal antibody, INS-2, was raised against rat fibroblasts transformed by open reading frames E6 and E7 of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. In immunoperoxidase testing of frozen sections, the INS-2 antibody was reactive with all squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix and esophagus tested. In contrast, no antibody binding was detected with adenocarcinomas of various origins. Similarly, normal tissues, lymphoid cells and erythrocytes from multiple donors were negative, except that binding localized at basal cells in normal squamous epithelium was observed. Interestingly, strong staining was observed in dysplastic cells of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and at the growing edge of squamous cell carcinomas. The antigen for the INS-2 antibody is a non-sialyl glycoprotein with Mw. 40,000 and appears to be a squamous cell-specific cell differentiation marker, although it is not related to HPV-DNA-derived protein.
Variations in the susceptibilities of components of the endodontic microflora to biomechanical procedures (1996)

The role of the endodontic microflora in pulpal disease and in endodontic treatment failures is well established. Thus the need for effective microbial control is one of the important justifications for biomechanical procedures. However the efficacy of this stage of treatment is dependent upon the vulnerability of the involved species, which may not be uniform. The aim of this study was to investigate variations in the susceptibilities of members of the root canal microflora to routine biomechanical procedures. Forty-two root canals were investigated microbiologically. Samples were collected before and after instrumentation and the bacterial findings were compared. In 15 cases of 'primary' root canal therapy, despite changes in the population size, no significant change in the species composition of the microflora was observed. However in 27 cases 'secondary' treatment, a decrease in the number of isolations of Peptostreptococcus spp. was found (P = 0.008). When all 42 cases were considered together, significant decreases were found between first and second samples for anaerobes (P = 0.0117) and for Grampositive species (P = 0.008), especially Peptostreptococcus spp. (P = 0.02). It was therefore concluded that certain species are more resistant to the biomechanical procedures than others.
RNAi inDictyostelium:The Role of RNA-directed RNA Polymerases and Double-stranded RNase (2002)

We show that in Dictyostelium discoideum an endogenous gene as well as a transgene can be silenced by introduction of a gene construct that is transcribed into a hairpin RNA. Gene silencing was accompanied by the appearance of sequence-specific RNA about 23mers and seemed to have a limited capacity. The three Dictyostelium homologues of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RrpA, RrpB, and DosA) all contain an N-terminal helicase domain homologous to the one in the dicer nuclease, suggesting exon shuffling between RNA-directed RNA polymerase and the dicer homologue. Only the knock-out of rrpA resulted in a loss of the hairpin RNA effect and simultaneously in a loss of detectable about 23mers. However, about 23mers were still generated by the Dictyostelium dsRNase in vitro with extracts from rrpA(-), rrpB(-), and DosA(-) cells. Both RrpA and a target gene were required for production of detectable amounts of about 23mers, suggesting that target sequences are involved in about 23mer amplification.
Toward virtual biopsy through an all fiber optic ultrasonic miniaturized transducer: a proposal (2003)

The present generation of devices based on opto-acoustic and acousto-optic conversion lets us foresee the possibility of realizing complete miniaturized transmitting-receiving transducers, able to generate and detect wideband ultrasounds by laser light. In the present paper, a miniaturized ultrasonic transducer entirely based on fiber optic technology is proposed. Such a device springs from the conjunction between our research, which has produced a highly efficient fiber optic opto-acoustic source, with the results obtained by other researchers concerning the realization of an ultrasonic receiver based on optical interferometry. Making use of the thermo-elastic effect for ultrasound generation, a source of ultrasound can be obtained by coupling a fiber optic to pulsed laser, if a film capable of absorbing laser light is placed onto fiber end. Starting from these remarks, we propose an efficient opto-acoustic source, able to generate pressure pulses with amplitude of the order of 10(4) Pa and bandwidth extending up to 40 MHz and beyond by using graphite materials as absorbing film. This solution makes use of a low-power pulsed laser as optical source possible. An ultrasonic receiving element was realized placing a Fabry-Perot cavity over the tip of a fiber optic. The cavity thickness modulation induced by ultrasonic beam is detected by an interferometer optical technique. We have realized a prototype of a receiving device that exhibits a sensitivity comparable with that of piezoelectric devices (10-100 nV/Pa) and an almost flat bandwidth extending up to 20 MHz or more. The extreme miniaturization of the resulting ultrasonic transducer, together with its wide ultrasonic frequency bandwidth, is the first step toward ultrasonic tissue biopsy. In this paper, before discussing the problem of constructing a complete ultrasonic transducer composed by a transmitter and receiver, the results carried out in these fields during the last decade are reviewed.
Tetrabenazine as anti-chorea therapy in Huntington Disease: an open-label continuation study. Huntington Study Group/TETRA-HD Investigators (2009)

Clinicaltrials.gov registration number (initial study): NCT00219804.
Stimulation of natural killer cells with a CD137-specific antibody enhances trastuzumab efficacy in xenotransplant models of breast cancer (2012)

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; also known as HER-2/neu), is indicated for the treatment of women with either early stage or metastatic HER2(+) breast cancer. It kills tumor cells by several mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Strategies that enhance the activity of ADCC effectors, including NK cells, may improve the efficacy of trastuzumab. Here, we have shown that upon encountering trastuzumab-coated, HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells, human NK cells become activated and express the costimulatory receptor CD137. CD137 activation, which was dependent on NK cell expression of the FcγRIII receptor, occurred both in vitro and in the peripheral blood of women with HER2-expressing breast cancer after trastuzumab treatment. Stimulation of trastuzumab-activated human NK cells with an agonistic mAb specific for CD137 killed breast cancer cells (including an intrinsically trastuzumab-resistant cell line) more efficiently both in vitro and in vivo in xenotransplant models of human breast cancer, including one using a human primary breast tumor. The enhanced cytotoxicity was restricted to antibody-coated tumor cells. This sequential antibody strategy, combining a tumor-targeting antibody with a second antibody that activates the host innate immune system, may improve the therapeutic effects of antibodies against breast cancer and other HER2-expressing tumors.
Quantum Dot-Mediated Separation-Free Assay for Point Mutation Detection (2005)

By integrating a quantum dot-mediated biosensing technique, dual-color coincidence detection scheme and oligonucleotide ligation assay, we have developed a rapid point mutation detection platform in a separation-free format. Detection of the target signal is carried out on a single quantum dot basis using an ultrasensitive confocal fluorescence spectroscopic system. Comparing with other nanoparticle-based, separation-free assays with single base discrimination sensitivity, our method shows advantages in speed, simplicity, and sensitivity. Moreover, we have demonstrated that this quantum dot-based assay allows point mutation detection with nearly infinite specificity.
Contribution of the TATA motif to Tat-mediated transcriptional activation of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression (1992)

Tat-mediated transcriptional activation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression requires the presence of the cis-acting Tat-responsive element, TAR, and a functional enhancer-promoter element. The ability of Tat to function with heterologous enhancer sequences led us to examine the role of the minimal basal promoter for trans activation. Substitution of HIV TATA sequences (nucleotides -20 to -35) with TATA elements derived from other promoters had little effect on the basal level of transcription or the ability to activate the HIV long terminal repeat upon stimulation through upstream activation sequences. In contrast, minimal alterations within the TATA motif had a profound effect on trans activation, as demonstrated by the 3- to 10-fold reduction in activation following expression of Tat. Our findings suggest that minor changes in the TATA motif affect the composition of the initiation-elongation complex and that the composition of this complex is critical for Tat-dependent activation of gene expression.
Aromatic−Aromatic Interactions Induce the Self-Assembly of Pentapeptidic Derivatives in Water To Form Nanofibers and Supramolecular Hydrogels (2010)

In this paper we report the conjugation of an aromatic moiety (pyrene (P), fluorene (F), or naphthalene (N)) to pentapeptides GAGAS (1), GVPVP (2), VPGVG (3), VTEEI (4), VYGGG (5), and YGFGG (6) to afford peptidic derivatives for exploring pentapeptide-based hydrogels as potential biomaterials. Most of these compounds (1F, 1P, 2F, 2P, 4F, 4P, 4N, 5F, 5N, 6F, 6P, and 6N) behave as molecular hydrogelators and can form hydrogels at minimum concentrations of gelation from 0.5 to 2.8 wt %. The fluorescence spectra of the hydrogels exhibit a significant red shift, indicating the interactions between the aromatic moieties in those hydrogels. The circular dichroism spectra indicate that the self-assembly of the hydrogelators affords helical or beta-sheet-like structures. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic examination reveals the nanofiber networks of these hydrogelators. In addition, rheological measurements show fair to excellent viscoelastic properties of these hydrogels. The balance of intermolecular aromatic-aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds of these hydrogelators leads to their self-assembly in water and the formation of nanofibers as the matrixes of hydrogels. A total of 6 of these 18 pentapeptide derivatives--1N, 2N, 3F, 3P, 3N, and 5P--fail to form hydrogels under the conditions tested, likely due to unbalanced intermolecular interactions. This work suggests that aromatic-aromatic interactions are useful and favorable forces for creating molecular nanofibers and supramolecular hydrogels.
Can I Play on the Road, Mum? - Traffic and Homes in Urban Australia (1994)

There are major environmental incompatibilities in Australian cities between space allocated to roadways and space allocated to dwellings, yet there is little data available as to where and how the dwellings are located with respect to the roadways. Characteristics of a random sample of 264 dwellings from Major Urban Centres throughout Australia are reported to fill a significant gap in the present knowledge of roads, the volume of traffic they carry, and their relationship to dwellings in urban areas. Fourteen per cent of Australian dwellings are located on a cul-de-sac and 76 per cent are located on streets with traffic flows of less than 2000 vehicles per day. However, 7 per cent of Australian dwellings directly front four-or six-lane roadways and nearly one-quarter are located on streets where amenity is likely to be reduced by road traffic. It was found that multiple dwelling units tend to be located on busier roadways, with the overall effect of exposing more people to adverse environmental conditions.
Report from the FDA Approval Summary: Docetaxel in Combination with Prednisone for the Treatment of Androgen-Independent Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer (2004)

Purpose: Docetaxel, a taxane previously approved for the treatment of breast cancer and non–small cell lung cancer, was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration on May 19, 2004 for use in combination with prednisone for the treatment of metastatic androgen-independent (hormone-refractory) prostate cancer. The purpose of this summary is to review the database supporting this approval. Experimental Design: In a randomized, global study enrolling 1,006 patients, two schedules of docetaxel were compared with mitoxantrone prednisone as follows: MTZ q 3w, mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2 every 21 days prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 10 cycles; TXT q 3w, docetaxel 75 mg/m 2 every 21 days prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 10 cycles; and TXT qw, docetaxel 30 mg/m 2 days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 every 6 weeks prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 5 cycles. Results: There was a statistically significant overall survival advantage shown for the TXT q 3w arm over MTZ q 3w (median survival 18.9 months versus 16.5 months, P 0.0094). No overall survival advantage was shown for TXT qw compared with MTZ q 3w. The most commonly occurring adverse events included anemia, neutropenia, infection, nausea, sensory neuropathy, fluid retention, alopecia, nail changes, diarrhea, and fatigue. Conclusions: This report describes the Food and Drug Administration review supporting this first approval of a combination therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer based on demonstration of a survival benefit.
A conservative femoral replacement for total hip arthroplasty (2000)

Between 1985 and 1993, 146 patients (162 hips) had total hip replacement (THR) using a conservative uncemented femoral component. The mean age of the patients was 50.8 years and the mean follow-up was 6.2 years (2 to 13). One patient was lost to follow-up, one died within two years of surgery and one had a revision procedure after a fracture sustained in a road-traffic accident. For the remaining 159, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was calculated for the incidence of revision because of mechanical loosening or osteolysis. Survival without mechanical loosening at both five and ten years was 98.2%. Survival without osteolysis was 99% at five and 91% at ten years. The Harris hip score improved from a mean of 66.3 before to 90.4 at follow-up. Of particular note is the lack of thigh pain in this group. Radiological analysis showed that 139 stems (88%) had no measurable subsidence, 8 (5%) had less than 2 mm and 12 (7%) had more than 2 mm. Two of the eight and one of the 12 were revised for mechanical loosening. Nine hips were revised for late loosening associated with osteolysis. No reaming of the femoral canal was associated with statistically significant less blood loss compared with a comparable control group of uncemented implants (p &lt; 0.0001). Our study suggests that using a conservative femoral implant does not protect against wear debris but the reliable mechanical stability (98.2%) makes this an attractive design of implant particularly for young patients.