gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of the fibrinolytic system in deep vein thrombosis. (1985)

Some aspects of the function of the fibrinolytic system have been investigated in 37 patients with a recent incident of symptomatic and confirmed deep vein thrombosis and compared with findings in 20 healthy persons. New specific methods to measure tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity and antigen before and after venous occlusion and the recently discovered fast inhibitor to t-PA were employed. Thirteen of the patients with deep vein thrombosis (35%) had t-PA activity less than 0.5 IU/ml after venous occlusion, whereas the lowest activity found among the healthy individuals was 0.56 IU/ml. The t-PA inhibitor level in the total patient group was 3.8 +/- 3.7 U/ml (range 0 to 15.0 U/ml; median 2.9 U/ml) as compared with 0.7 +/- 0.7 U/ml in the healthy (median 0.5, range 0 to 2.4 U/ml). In the 13 patients with low t-PA activity in postocclusion plasma samples the inhibitor level was 6.0 +/- 4.4 U/ml. Furthermore, in this group of patients a significantly lesser release of t-PA antigen (3.7 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) was found as compared with that in the healthy individuals (9.5 +/- 6.0 micrograms/L). Thus, two months after their first incident of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis many of the patients (35%) were found to have decreased fibrinolytic activity. This is the result of highly increased plasma levels of a novel fast inhibitor toward t-PA in combination with a poor ability to release t-PA. Possibly the decreased fibrinolytic activity did play a role in the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis in these patients.
The multibody trifocal tensor: motion segmentation from 3 perspective views (2004)

We propose a geometric approach to 3D motion segmentation from point correspondences in three perspective views. We demonstrate that after applying a polynomial embedding to the correspondences they become related by the so-called multibody trilinear constraint and its associated multibody trifocal tensor We show how to linearly estimate the multibody trifocal tensor from point-point-point correspondences. We then show that one can estimate the epipolar lines associated with each image point from the common root of a set of univariate polynomials and the epipoles by solving a plane clustering problem in /spl Ropf//sup 3/ using GPCA. The individual trifocal tensors are then obtained from the second order derivatives of the multibody trilinear constraint. Given epipolar lines and epipoles, or trifocal tensors, we obtain an initial clustering of the correspondences, which we use to initialize an iterative algorithm that finds an optimal estimate for the trifocal tensors and the clustering of the correspondences using Expectation Maximization. We test our algorithm on real and synthetic dynamic scenes.
Molecular characterization of β-trace protein in human serum and urine: a potential diagnostic marker for renal diseases (1997)

We have isolated beta-trace protein from cerebrospinal fluid, serum, plasma, and urine samples of normal volunteers and sera and hemofiltrate of patients with chronic renal failure. Blood-derived and urinary beta-trace have significantly higher molecular weights than their cerebrospinal fluid counterpart, the amino acid sequences being identical. Oligosaccharide structural analysis revealed these molecular weight differences to be due to different N-glycosylation. beta-Trace from hemofiltrate and urine has larger sugar chains and concurrently significantly higher sialylation than cerebrospinal fluid-beta-trace which bears truncated "brain-type" oligosaccharide chains (published previously). beta-Trace concentrations were about 40 ng/ml for normal sera and plasma. 2000-6000 ng/ml were measured in sera of dialysis patients whereas in normal human cerebrospinal fluid, beta-trace concentration was about 8000 ng/ml. A reduced amount of 900 ng/ml was found in a single case of hydrocephalus cerebri. The sialylated glycoforms of beta-trace detected in the blood are presumably derived from resorbed cerebrospinal fluid protein whereas beta-TP-molecules bearing asialo-oligosaccharides are absent due to their hepatic clearance. The residual, sialylated beta-TP-species are probably eliminated from the blood via the kidney. This physiological clearance mechanism for the sialylated glycoforms is disturbed in hemodialysis patients resulting in about 100-fold elevated serum concentrations. These results let us suggest beta-trace may become a useful novel diagnostic protein in renal diseases.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis. The defect in T cell influx in BALB/c mice. (1987)

Local cellular responses to cutaneous infection with Leishmania mexicana amazonensis were examined in susceptible (BALB/c) and resistant (C57BL/6) mouse strains by immunocytochemical and electron microscopic studies. Infection during the first 8 wk in both animal strains was characterized by progressively enlarging lesions, epidermal thickening and ulceration, and accumulation of eosinophils and Ia+ infected macrophages. Healing of C57BL/6 mouse lesions began after 12 wk of infection and was associated with local influx of both Th (L3T4+) and T cytotoxic/suppressor (Lyt-2+) cells into the dermis, and Ia antigen expression on epidermal keratinocytes. T lymphocyte infiltration was marked and intracellular parasites were scarce by 21 wk of C57BL/6 infection. Similarly, granulomas in C57BL/6 livers contained L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ T lymphocytes and no visible intracellular parasites by 21 wk of infection. In contrast, BALB/c mouse lesions continued to enlarge and never healed. Throughout the entire course of infection, T lymphocyte influx into the heavily infected dermis was minimal. Keratinocyte Ia expression was absent in BALB/c lesions. BALB/c livers were heavily infected by 18 wk of cutaneous infection, with few demonstrable T lymphocytes. A systemic absence of T cells could not be demonstrated in BALB/c mice. Both L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ T cells were found in the peripheral blood in normal numbers in both mouse strains. Our results support the role of T cells as important local effector cells in the healing response of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. We suggest that local T lymphocyte infiltration may provide lymphokines, particularly IFN-gamma, that can activate infected macrophages to destroy the intracellular parasites. Alternatively, T cells may play a cytotoxic role, killing infected macrophages and allowing local humoral factors to destroy released extracellular parasites.
Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture (2003)

A number of noninvasive fiber optic optical technologies are under development for real-time diagnosis of neoplasia. We investigate how the light scattering properties of cervical cells are affected by changes in nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture, which occur during neoplastic progression. We used a Cyto-Savant computer-assisted image analysis system to acquire quantitative nuclear features measurements from 122 Feulgen-thionin-stained histopathologic sections of cervical tissue. A subset of the measured nuclear features was incorporated into a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) model of cellular light scattering. The magnitude and angular distribution of scattered light was calculated for cervical cells as a function of pathologic grade. The nuclear atypia strongly affected light scattering properties. The increased size and elevated DNA content of nuclei in high-grade lesions caused the most significant changes in scattering intensity. The spatial dimensions of chromatin texture features and the amplitude of refractive index fluctuations within the nucleus impacted both the angular distribution of scattering angles and the total amount of scattered light. Cellular scattering is sensitive to changes in nuclear morphology that accompany neoplastic progression. Understanding the quantitative relationships between nuclear features and scattering properties will aid in the development of noninvasive optical technologies for detection of precancerous conditions.
Identification of the primary antimicrobial domains in human neutrophil cathepsin G. (1990)

Lysosomal cathepsin G from human neutrophils is a chymotrypsin-like protease which also possesses antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity, however, is independent of protease activity, because treatment of this enzyme with the irreversible serine protease inhibitor diisopropylfluorophosphate has no effect on its antimicrobial action. In this study, we found that digestion of cathepsin G with clostripain caused a loss of proteolytic activity in this neutrophil proteinase. However, bactericidal activity in in vitro assays against Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was retained. Fractionation of the clostripain-digested cathepsin G mixture yielded two distinct antimicrobial peptides. The sequences of these peptides were IIGGR and HPQYNQR (residues 1-5 and 77-83 in cathepsin G, respectively). Synthetic peptides corresponding to these sequences were also prepared and found to exert broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro, displaying conditions of temperature- and pH-dependent optima for antimicrobial action resembling that of the full-length enzyme. Depending on the target bacterial strain, these peptides exhibited antimicrobial activity between 5.0 x 10(-5) and 4.0 x 10(-4) M. Significantly, replacement of certain residues within these peptides with either alanine or valine significantly reduced their antibacterial capacities. Our studies suggest that cathepsin G has two antimicrobial sequences, either or both of which may contribute to its bactericidal activity.
Bcl-XL displays restricted distribution during T cell development and inhibits multiple forms of apoptosis but not clonal deletion in transgenic mice. (1995)

The survival of T lymphocytes is tightly controlled during development. Here, we show that Bcl-xL, a protein homologue of Bcl-2, is highly regulated in the thymus in a pattern different than that of Bcl-2. The maximum expression was in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes, a developmental stage where Bcl-2 is downregulated. To assess the role of Bcl-xL in thymocyte apoptosis, we generated mice overexpressing an E mu-bcl-x transgene within the T cell compartment. Constitutive expression of Bcl-xL resulted in accumulation of thymocytes and mature T cells in lymphoid organs. Thymocytes overexpressing Bcl-xL exhibited increased viability in vitro and were resistant to apoptosis induced by different signals, including glucocorticoid, gamma irradiation, calcium ionophore, and CD3 cross-linking. However, Bcl-xL was unable to block clonal deletion of thymocytes reactive with self-superantigens or H-Y antigen. These studies demonstrate that Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, two functionally related proteins, are regulated independently during T cell development. In contrast to Bcl-2, which has been implicated in the maintenance of mature T cells, Bcl-xL appears to provide a survival signal for the maintenance of more immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes before positive selection.
Design of Robust Broadband Beamformers With Passband Shaping Characteristics Using Tikhonov Regularization (2009)

Broadband beamformers are known to be highly sensitive to the errors in microphone array characteristics, especially for small-sized microphone arrays. This paper proposes an algorithm for the design of robust broadband beamformers with passband shaping characteristics using Tikhonov regularization method by taking into account the statistics of the microphone characteristics. To facilitate the derivation, a weighted least squares based broadband beamforming algorithm with passband shaping characteristics is also proposed, while keeping a minimal stopband level. Unlike the existing criteria for broadband beamforming for microphone arrays, the proposed approaches fully exploit the degrees of freedom in weighting functions of the criteria used to design broadband beamformers. By doing so, efficient and flexible broadband beamforming can be achieved with the desired passband shaping characteristics. In addition, this paper also shows that the robust broadband beamforming using the statistics of the microphone characteristics recently proposed (Doclo and Moonen, 2003 and 2007) belongs to the class of white noise gain constraint-based techniques, which gives an insight into the nature of the state-of-the-art approach. The performance of the proposed beamforming algorithms is illustrated by the design examples and is compared with the existing approaches for microphone arrays.
Bolus or Intravenous Infusion of Ranitidine: Effects on Gastric pH and Acid Secretion (1990)

On the basis of both efficacy and cost, intermittent bolus injections should be discontinued and replaced by continuous intravenous infusion in hospitalized patients requiring treatment with histamine H2-receptor antagonists. If ranitidine is used, either 150 mg or 300 mg administered as a 24-hour continuous infusion is most effective.
Optical coherence tomography (1996)

This paper gives an introduction to optical coherence tomography (OCT), explains its basic principles, and discusses the information content of OCT images. Various interferometric techniques used in OCT are reviewed and a short survey of results obtained so far in different fields of application and possible future developments are presented.
Aerobic regulation of the sucABCD genes of Escherichia coli, which encode alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinyl coenzyme A synthetase: roles of ArcA, Fnr, and the upstream sdhCDAB promoter (1997)

The sucABCD genes of Escherichia coli encode subunits for two enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (sucAB) and succinyl coenzyme A synthetase (sucCD). To examine how these genes are expressed in response to changes in oxygen and carbon availability, a set of sucA-lacZ, sucC-lacZ, sdhCDAB-sucA-lacZ, and sdhC-lacZ fusions were constructed and analyzed in vivo. While the expression of a sucA-lacZ fusion was low under all cell growth conditions tested, the expression of the sucA gene from the upstream sdhC promoter was considerably higher and varied by up to 14-fold depending on the carbon substrate used. Expression of the sdhCDAB-sucA-lacZ fusion varied by fourfold in response to oxygen. In contrast, no expression was seen from a sucC-lacZ reporter fusion, indicating that no promoter immediately precedes the sucCD genes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the oxygen and carbon control of sucABCD gene expression occurs by transcriptional regulation of the upstream sdhC promoter. The weaker sucA promoter provides an additional low constitutive level of sucABCD gene expression to supplement transcription from the sdhC promoter. The negative control of sucABCD gene expression seen under anaerobic conditions, like that for the sdhCDAB genes, is provided by the arcA and fnr gene products. These findings establish that the differential expression of eight genes for three of the TCA cycle enzymes in E. coli is controlled from one regulatory element.
Classifying driver workload using physiological and driving performance data (2014)

Understanding the driver's cognitive load is important for evaluating in-vehicle user interfaces. This paper describes experiments to assess machine learning classification algorithms on their ability to automatically identify elevated cognitive workload levels in drivers, leading towards the development of robust tools for automobile user interface evaluation. We look at using both driver performance as well as physiological data. These measures can be collected in real-time and do not interfere with the primary task of driving the vehicle. We report classification accuracies of up to 90% for detecting elevated levels of cognitive load, and show that the inclusion of physiological data leads to higher classification accuracy than vehicle sensor data evaluated alone. Finally, we show results suggesting that models can be built to classify cognitive load across individuals, instead of building individual models for each per-son. By collecting data from drivers in two large field studies on the highway (20 drivers and 99 drivers), this work extends prior work and demonstrates feasibility and potential of such measures for HCI research in vehicles.
Apparent Positive Cooperative Effects in Cyclic AMP and Corticosterone Production by Isolated Adrenal Cells in Response to ACTH Analogues (1974)

Dose-response curves were con-structed for production of cAMP and corticosterone by isolated cells from rat adrenal cortex in response to ACTH1–24 and a number of ACTH analogues. A new method for fitting the parameters of an analogue of the Hill equation was developed, using a weighted iterative nonlinear least squares regres-sion capable of estimating both the response to zero dose (“control”), the response to “infinite dose” (“Vmax”), the ED50 or “Km”, and the “Hill coefficient.” This analysis indicates a mean Hill coefficient of 1.33 ± 0.04 for cAMP production and 1.41 ± 0.07 for corticosterone production. These results are suggestive of an apparent positive cooperative effect (possibly due to allosterism) at one or more steps in the mechanism of action of ACTH. These results are also compatible with a modified “quantal response” model of hormone action. These results appear inconsistent with simple “Michaelis-Menten” kinetics or with a mechanism involving two simple Michaelis-Menten type reactions in sequence. The computerized statistical methods for curve-fitting employed here should have general utility for studies of hormonereceptor interaction. (Endocrinology94: 1427, 1974)
Pretargeting with the Affinity Enhancement System for Radioimmunotherapy (1999)

The pretargeting technique referred to as the Affinity Enhancement System (AES) uses bispecific antibodies and radiolabeled bivalent haptens that bind cooperatively to target cells in vivo. Experimental and clinical data demonstrate that AES can deliver large radiation doses to tumor cells with high tumor to normal tissue contrast ratios and long activity residence time in tumors. Preliminary clinical results of radioimmunotherapy of medullary thyroid carcinomas and lung cancers look promising.
淺談電影《跟蹤》、《男兒本色》與《綁架》的道德觀 (2007)

「警匪片」可說是港產片中最出色的「類型片」之一，而最近三套電影﹕《跟蹤》、《男兒本色》與《綁架》，除了繼續展示香港警匪電影的活力和高質素之外，它們在連場火拼和鬥智鬥力的同時，暗地裏亦討論著同一個命題 ―― 道德。然而，三者著眼點和信念迴然不同，本文正希望圍繞著「道德」這電影題旨，淺談它們各自所反映的道德觀。
The cDNA sequence of chicken annexin II (1990)

Journal Article The cDNA sequence of chicken annexin II Get access V. Gerke, V. Gerke * Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of BiochemistryD-3400 Gottingen, FRG * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Koch W. Koch Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of BiochemistryD-3400 Gottingen, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 14, 25 July 1990, Page 4246, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.14.4246 Published: 25 July 1990 Article history Received: 19 June 1990 Published: 25 July 1990
Vaccination Using Radiation- or Genetically Attenuated Live Sporozoites (2012)

The attenuation of Plasmodium parasites by either radiation or targeted gene deletion can result in viable sporozoites that invade the liver and subsequently arrest. The death of the growth-arrested liver stage parasite and the ensuing recognition by the immune system of parasite antigens promotes protective immunity in immunized mice and humans. The methods described below will enable researchers to determine the efficacy of radiation-attenuated and genetically attenuated rodent malaria sporozoite immunizations against infectious sporozoite challenge, and study protective immunity in immunized mice. In addition, by determining the time of arrest of genetically attenuated parasite liver stages and the mechanisms of clearance, researchers will be able to correlate biological features of the growth-arrested parasites with their ability to promote protective immunity.
Forward acknowledgement (1996)

We have developed a Forward Acknowledgment (FACK) congestion control algorithm which addresses many of the performance problems recently observed in the Internet. The FACK algorithm is based on first principles of congestion control and is designed to be used with the proposed TCP SACK option. By decoupling congestion control from other algorithms such as data recovery, it attains more precise control over the data flow in the network. We introduce two additional algorithms to improve the behavior in specific situations. Through simulations we compare FACK to both Reno and Reno with SACK. Finally, we consider the potential performance and impact of FACK in the Internet.
Interactions between leukemia cells and bone marrow stromal cells: stroma-supported growth vs. serum dependence and the roles of TGF-beta and M-CSF. (1996)

Leukemia cell lines that do not proliferate in the absence of serum grow well when cultured with stromal cells. To study this growth dependence on stroma, we selected the M1 myeloblast clone, since its stroma dependence is reminiscent of that exhibited by hematopoietic stem cells. Conditioned medium form a stromal cell line, prepared under serum-free conditions, contained an activity that induced the proliferation of M1 cells and was therefore designated M1 myeloid activity (MMA). Among the various cytokines tested for MMA-like activity, only transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were found to affect M1 cell survival, and the two cytokines acted synergistically to induce M1 cell growth. Antibodies to both TGF-beta and M-CSF abolished most, but not all, of the MMA in the medium conditioned by stromal cells, indicating that additional factors contribute to MMA. A subclone of M1 cells, M1/M2, selected in medium conditioned by stroma, was found to respond to stromal stimulation but was unable to proliferate in fetal calf serum (FCS). Neutralization experiments indicated that M1/2 cell growth depended mainly on M-CSF and also partially on TGF-beta. By contrast, the same neutralizing antibodies did not affect the ability of serum to support M1 cell growth. The molecules that promoted leukemia cell growth in serum seemed therefore to differ from those provided by stroma. This model system may offer novel information on the interactions of normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells with their stromal microenvironment.
Optical bandpass filter from a curved segment of a detuned two-core fiber (1997)

We present the use of a dual-core fiber as a bandpass filter. Our device is based on the fact that intrinsic detuning between the propagation constants of the two cores can be compensated for in a controlled manner by use of a loop. This compensation is made to occur for a specific frequency band, so that the resulting device acts as a bandpass filter.
Tandem organic reactions (1993)

Aldol Condensation. Michael Reactions. Tandem Vicinal Difunctionalization of Alkenes and Alkynes. Dieckmann and Claisen Cyclizations. Mannich Reaction. Diels-Alder Reactions. Other Cycloadditions. Retro-Diels-Alder and Cheletropic Reactions. Electrocyclic Reactions. Ene, Retro-Ene, and Some Other Thermal Reactions. Sigmatropic Rearrangements. Rearrangements and Fragmentations. Free Radical Reactions. Miscellaneous Tandem Reactions. References. Index.