gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rare-earth doped optical fibers for temperature sensing (1992)

The feasibility of using a variety of rare-earth doped optical fibers for measuring spatially averaged temperatures from approximately 0 to approximately 100 degrees C over distances of 10 to 20 m is discussed. Such distributed temperature sensors would be particularly well-suited for building climate control systems and industrial processing applications. The temperature-dependent absorption spectra of 6 MCVD processed fibers containing different concentrations of Nd/sup 3+/, Pr/sup 3+/, and Yb/sup 3+/ rare-earth ions were characterized and used to determine thermally active dopant species, optimal dopant concentrations, and most sensitive operating wavelengths for use as dual wavelength distributed temperature sensors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Membrane dynamics and the biogenesis of lysosomes (Review) (2003)

Lysosomes are dynamic organelles receiving membrane traffic input from the biosynthetic, endocytic and autophagic pathways. They may be regarded as storage organelles for acid hydrolases and are capable of fusing with late endosomes to form hybrid organelles where digestion of endocytosed macromolecules occurs. Reformation of lysosomes from the hybrid organelles involves content condensation and probably removal of some membrane proteins by vesicular traffic. Lysosomes can also fuse with the plasma membrane in response to cell surface damage and a rise in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. This process is important in plasma membrane repair. The molecular basis of membrane traffic pathways involving lysosomes is increasingly understood, in large part because of the identification of many proteins required for protein traffic to vacuoles in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mammalian orthologues of these proteins have been identified and studied in the processes of vesicular delivery of newly synthesized lysosomal proteins from the trans-Golgi network, fusion of lysosomes with late endosomes and sorting of membrane proteins into lumenal vesicles. Several multi-protein oligomeric complexes required for these processes have been identified. The present review focuses on current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fusion of lysosomes with both endosomes and the plasma membrane and on the sorting events required for delivery of newly synthesized membrane proteins, endocytosed membrane proteins and other endocytosed macromolecules to lysosomes.
Release of carcinoembryonic antigen from human colon cancer cells by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. (1988)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is released from colon cancer cells into the circulation where it is monitored clinically as an indicator of the recurrence or progression of cancer. We have studied the mechanism of CEA membrane attachment and release using the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line LS-174T, specimens of human colon cancers, and serum from colon cancer patients. CEA release by cells in vitro and in vivo is associated with the conversion of CEA from a membrane-bound, hydrophobic molecule to a soluble, hydrophilic form with no apparent decrease in molecular mass. When LS-174T cell membranes were incubated with various buffers, proteases, and phospholipases, the only agents that released CEA and converted it to the hydrophilic form were preparations of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Both [3H]ethanolamine and [3H]palmitate could be incorporated metabolically into CEA but only palmitate was released by treatment with PI-PLC, consistent with the presence of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol linkage. PI-PLC treatment also release significant quantities of CEA from living monolayers and from seven human colon cancer specimens. These experiments suggest that cellular CEA is anchored to membranes by a covalent linkage to a membrane phosphatidylinositol molecule, and that an endogenous phospholipase may be important for releasing CEA in vitro and in vivo.
Spreading Depression Triggers Headache by Activating Neuronal Panx1 Channels (2013)

The initial phase in the development of a migraine is still poorly understood. Here, we describe a previously unknown signaling pathway between stressed neurons and trigeminal afferents during cortical spreading depression (CSD), the putative cause of migraine aura and headache. CSD caused neuronal Pannexin1 (Panx1) megachannel opening and caspase-1 activation followed by high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release from neurons and nuclear factor κB activation in astrocytes. Suppression of this cascade abolished CSD-induced trigeminovascular activation, dural mast cell degranulation, and headache. CSD-induced neuronal megachannel opening may promote sustained activation of trigeminal afferents via parenchymal inflammatory cascades reaching glia limitans. This pathway may function to alarm an organism with headache when neurons are stressed.
Asenapine: A Synthesis of Efficacy Data in Bipolar Mania and Schizophrenia (2011)

Asenapine is the only atypical antipsychotic available exclusively as a sublingual, fast-dissolved formulation. Electrophysiological, behavioral, pharmacological, and radioligand studies are predictive of antidepressant, mood-stabilizing, as well as antipsychotic, effects.
Recent Advances in Methodology and Concepts for Characterizing Inhalation Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Animals and Man (1982)

(1982). Recent Advances in Methodology and Concepts for Characterizing Inhalation Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Animals and Man. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 799-826.
ChemInform Abstract: Aggregative Activation in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Part 5. Lithiation of Pyridine and Quinoline with the Complex Base BuLi×Me2N(CH2)2OLi (BuLi×LiDMAE). (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Biosynthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycan by human colon carcinoma cells and its localization at the cell surface. (1984)

After 24 h of continuous labeling with radioactive precursors, a high molecular weight heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HS-PG) was isolated from both the medium and cell layer of human colon carcinoma cells (WiDr) in culture. The medium HS-PG eluted from a diethylaminoethyl anion exchange column with 0.45-0.50 M NaCl, had an average density of 1.46-1.49 g/ml on dissociative CsCl density-gradient ultracentrifugation, and eluted from Sepharose CL-2B with a Kav = 0.57. This proteoglycan had an estimated Mr of congruent to 8.5 X 10(5), with glycosaminoglycan chains of Mr = 3 X 10(4) which were all susceptible to HNO2 deaminative cleavage. Deglycosylation of the HS-PG with polyhydrogen fluoride resulted in a 3H-core protein with Mr congruent to 2.4 X 10(5). The cell layer contained a population of HS-PG with characteristics almost identical to that released into the medium but with a larger Mr = 9.5 X 10(5). Furthermore, an intracellular pool contained smaller heparan sulfate chains (Mr congruent to 1 X 10(4)) which were mostly devoid of protein core. In pulse chase experiments, only the large cell-associated HS-PG was released (approximately 58%) into the medium as intact proteoglycan and/or internalized and degraded (approximately 42%), with a t1/2 = 6 h. However, the small intracellular component was never released into the medium and was degraded at a much slower rate. When the cells were subjected to mild proteolytic treatment, only the large cell-associated HS-PG, but none of the small component, was displaced. Addition of exogenous heparin did not displace any HS-PG into the medium. Both light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed that the cell surface reacted with antibody against an HS-PG isolated from a basement membrane-producing tumor. Electron microscopic histochemistry using ruthenium red and/or cuprolinic blue revealed numerous 10-50-nm diam granules and 70-220-nm-long electron-dense filaments, respectively, on the surface of the tumor cells. The results indicate that colon carcinoma cells synthesize HS-PGs with distinct structural and metabolic characteristics: a large secretory pool with high turnover, which appears to be synthesized as an integral membrane component and localized primarily at the cell surface, and a small nonsecretory pool with low turnover localized predominantly within the cell interior. This culture system offers an opportunity to investigate in detail the mechanisms involved in the regulation of proteoglycan metabolism, and in the establishment of the neoplastic phenotype.
Secretory Production of Recombinant Proteins in Escherichia coli (2009)

Extracellular production of heterologous proteins using the Escherichia coli cell factory offers several advantages over intracellular production and mammalian culture. Properly folded proteins can be rapidly accumulated in the culture media, and downstream processes for isolation and purification can be much simplified. Efforts to enhance the secretory production of target proteins can be largely classified as selection and modification of the signal peptide, co-expression of proteins to assist translocation and folding, improvement of periplasmic release, and protection of target proteins from degradation and contamination. Here, we review recent patents on the secretory production of recombinant proteins in E. coli.
Massively parallel Bayesian object recognition (1992)

The problem of model-based object recognition is a fundamental one in the field of computer vision, and represents a promising direction for practical applications.
We describe the design, analysis, implementation and testing of a system that employs geometric hashing techniques, and can recognize three-dimensional objects from two-dimensional grayscale images. We examine the exploitation of parallelism in object recognition, and analyze the performance and sensitivity of the geometric hashing method in the presence of noise. We also present a Bayesian interpretation of the geometric hashing approach.
Two parallel algorithms are outlined: one algorithm is designed for an SIMD hypercube-based machine whereas the other algorithm is more general, and relies on data broadcast capabilities. The first of the two algorithms regards geometric hashing as a connectionist algorithm. The second algorithm is inspired by the method of inverse indexing for data retrieval.
We also determine the expected distribution of computed invariants over the hash space: formulas for the distributions of invariants are derived for the cases of rigid, similarity and affine transformations, and for two different distributions (Gaussian and Uniform over a disc) of point features. Formulas describing the dependency of the geometric invariants on Gaussian positional error are also derived for the similarity and affine transformation cases.
Finally, we present an interpretation of geometric hashing that allows the geometric hashing algorithm to be viewed as a Bayesian approach to model-based object recognition. This interpretation is a new form of Bayesian-based model matching, and leads to natural, well-justified formulas. The interpretation also provides a precise weighted-voting method for the evidence-gathering phase of geometric hashing.
A prototype object recognition system using these ideas has been implemented on a CM-2 Connection Machine. The system is scalable and can recognize aircraft and automobile models subjected to 2D rotation, translation, and scale changes in real-world digital imagery. This system is the first of its kind that is scalable, uses large databases, can handle noisy input data, works rapidly on an existing parallel architecture, and exhibits excellent performance with real world, natural scenes.
Acrylic acid level and adhesive performance and peel master‐curves of acrylic pressure‐sensitive adhesives (2006)

Abstract Three series of pressure‐sensitive adhesives were prepared with constant glass‐transition temperature, using emulsion polymerization. The monomers chosen were butyl acrylate, 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and acrylic acid (AA). Within each polymer series, the proportion of AA monomer was held constant for each polymer preparation but acrylic ester monomer levels were varied. Adhesion performance was assessed by measurement of loop tack, static shear resistance, and through the construction of peel master‐curves. Peel master‐curves were generated through peel tests conducted over a range of temperatures and peel rates and through application of the time–temperature superposition principle. Bulk effects dominated by polymer zero shear viscosity change as AA and EHA levels were varied were attributed to the observed effect on static shear resistance and the horizontal displacements of peel master‐curves. Static shear resistance was found to strongly correlate with log( a C ), a parameter introduced to horizontally shift peel master‐curves to form a superposed, “super master‐curve”. An interfacial interaction was proposed to account for deviations observed when loop tack was correlated with log( a C ). Surface rearrangements via hydrogen bonding with the test substrate were suggested as responsible for the interfacial interaction. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1237–1252, 2006
Synthesis of Varied Heterocyclic and Substituted Aryl Alkyl Secondary Amines, Related Schiff Bases, and Amides (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Varied Heterocyclic and Substituted Aryl Alkyl Secondary Amines, Related Schiff Bases, and AmidesGordon N. Walker and Miriam Ann KlettCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 4, 624–630Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00322a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00322a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduction ofN-Acyl-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones toN-Acyl-4-piperidones Using Zinc/Acetic Acid (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTReduction of N-Acyl-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones to N-Acyl-4-piperidones Using Zinc/Acetic AcidDaniel L. Comins, Clinton A. Brooks, and Charles L. IngallsView Author Information Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204 [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 6, 2181–2182Publication Date (Web):February 23, 2001Publication History Received13 November 2000Published online23 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo001609lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo001609lbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1808Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalytic reactions,Redox reactions,Transfer reactions,Zinc Get e-Alerts
Carbon monoxide liberated from carbon monoxide-releasing molecule CORM-2 attenuates inflammation in the liver of septic mice (2007)

Recent studies suggest that exogenously administered CO is beneficial for the resolution of acute inflammation. In this study, we assessed the role of CO liberated from a systemically administered tricarbonyldichlororuthenium-(II)-dimer (CORM-2) on modulation of liver inflammation during sepsis. Polymicrobial sepsis in mice was induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). CORM-2 (8 mg/kg iv) was administered immediately after CLP induction, and neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)] tissue accumulation, activation of transcription factor, NF-kappaB, and changes in adhesion molecule ICAM-1 expression (inflammation-relevant markers) were assessed in murine liver 24 h later. In addition, the effects and potential mechanisms of CORM-2-released CO in modulation of vascular endothelial cell proinflammatory responses were assessed in vitro. To this end, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were stimulated with LPS (1 microg/ml) in the presence or absence of CORM-2 (10-100 microM) and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), (DHR123 oxidation) and NO (DAF-FM nitrosation) and subsequent activation of NF-kappaB were assessed 4 h later. In parallel, expression of ICAM-1 and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) proteins along with PMN adhesion to LPS-challenged HUVEC were also assessed. Induction of CLP resulted in increased PMN accumulation, ICAM-1 expression, and activation of NF-kappaB in the liver of septic mice. These effects were significantly attenuated by systemic administration of CORM-2. In in vitro experiments, CORM-2-released CO attenuated LPS-induced production of ROS and NO, activation of NF-kappaB, increase in ICAM-1 and iNOS protein expression and PMN adhesion to LPS-stimulated HUVEC. Taken together, these findings indicate that CO released from systemically administered CORM-2 provides anti-inflammatory effects by interfering with NF-kappaB activation and subsequent downregulation of proadhesive vascular endothelial cell phenotype in the liver of septic mice.
A High‐Performance Gas‐Separation Membrane Containing Submicrometer‐Sized Metal–Organic Framework Crystals (2010)

Well matched: Submicrometer-sized metal–organic framework (MOF) crystals (ZIF-90) were synthesized by a nonsolvent-induced crystallization technique and incorporated in mixed-matrix gas-separation membranes. ZIF-90/6FDA-DAM membranes (empty pink circle; beyond the upper bound for polymer membranes) show unprecedented high performance for CO2/CH4 separation by a MOF-based membrane. The key is the combination of the highly selective MOF and a highly permeable polymer.
Targeting cell cycle and hormone receptor pathways in cancer (2013)

The cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)/retinoblastoma (RB)-axis is a critical modulator of cell cycle entry and is aberrant in many human cancers. New nodes of therapeutic intervention are needed that can delay or combat the onset of malignancies. The antitumor properties and mechanistic functions of PD-0332991 (PD; a potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor) were investigated using human prostate cancer (PCa) models and primary tumors. PD significantly impaired the capacity of PCa cells to proliferate by promoting a robust G1-arrest. Accordingly, key regulators of the G1-S cell cycle transition were modulated including G1 cyclins D, E and A. Subsequent investigation demonstrated the ability of PD to function in the presence of existing hormone-based regimens and to cooperate with ionizing radiation to further suppress cellular growth. Importantly, it was determined that PD is a critical mediator of PD action. The anti-proliferative impact of CDK4/6 inhibition was revealed through reduced proliferation and delayed growth using PCa cell xenografts. Finally, first-in-field effects of PD on proliferation were observed in primary human prostatectomy tumor tissue explants. This study shows that selective CDK4/6 inhibition, using PD either as a single-agent or in combination, hinders key proliferative pathways necessary for disease progression and that RB status is a critical prognostic determinant for therapeutic efficacy. Combined, these pre-clinical findings identify selective targeting of CDK4/6 as a bona fide therapeutic target in both early stage and advanced PCa and underscore the benefit of personalized medicine to enhance treatment response.
Status of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antagonists in the Biology and Treatment of Cancer (2003)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase receptor of the ErbB family that is abnormally activated in many epithelial tumors. Receptor activation leads to recruitment and phosphorylation of several downstream intracellular substrates, leading to mitogenic signaling and other tumor-promoting cellular activities. In human tumors, receptor overexpression correlates with a more aggressive clinical course. Taken together, these observations indicate that the EGFR is a promising target for cancer therapy. Monoclonal antibodies directed at the ligand-binding extracellular domain and low–molecular weight inhibitors of the receptor’s tyrosine kinase are currently in advanced stages of clinical development. These agents prevent ligand-induced receptor activation and downstream signaling, which results in cell cycle arrest, promotion of apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. They also enhance the antitumor effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In patients, anti-EGFR agents can be given safely at doses that fully inhibit receptor signaling, and single-agent activity has been observed against a variety of tumor types, including colon carcinoma, non–small-cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Although antitumor activity is significant, responses have been seen in only a minority of the patients treated. In some clinical trials, anti-EGFR agents enhanced the effects of conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Ongoing research efforts are directed at the selection of patients with EGFR-dependent tumors, identification of the differences among the various classes of agents, and new clinical development strategies.