gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From the laboratory bench to the patient's bedside: An update on clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cells (2007)

Abstract Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are non‐hematopoietic multi‐potent stem‐like cells that are capable of differentiating into both mesenchymal and non‐mesenchymal lineages. In fact, in addition to bone, cartilage, fat, and myoblasts, it has been demonstrated that MSCs are capable of differentiating into neurons and astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. MSCs are of interest because they are isolated from a small aspirate of bone marrow and can be easily expanded in vitro. As such, these cells are currently being tested for their potential use in cell and gene therapy for a number of human diseases. Nevertheless, there are still some open questions about origin, multipotentiality, and anatomical localization of MSCs . In this review, we discuss clinical trials based on the use of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases, such as treatment of acute myocardial infarction, endstage ischemic heart disease, or prevention of vascular restenosis through stem cell‐mediated injury repair. We analyze data from clinical trials for treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), which is a genetic disease characterized by production of defective type I collagen. We describe progress for neurological disease treatment with MSC transplants. We discuss data on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and on lysosomal storage diseases (Hurler syndrome and metachromatic leukodystrophy). A section of review is dedicated to ongoing clinical trials, involving MSCs in treatment of steroid refractory Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD); periodontitis, which is a chronic disease affecting periodontium and causing destruction of attachment apparatus, heart failure, and bone fractures. Finally, we will provide information about biotech companies developing MSC therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 27–35, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design of a New Class of Orally Active Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonists (1998)

The integrin receptor recognition sequence Arg-Gly-Asp was successfully used as a template from which to develop a series of potent, selective, orally active, peptide-based fibrinogen receptor antagonists with a long duration of action. Simple modifications centered on the Arg and Gly residues quickly led to a modified peptide (1) with significantly enhanced ability to inhibit in vitro platelet aggregation. Substitution of the guanidino group in 1 by piperidine provided 3, which showed not only a further increase in potency but also a modest degree of oral efficacy. Finally, exploration of the nature of the C-terminal amino acid, with respect to its side-chain functionality and the carboxy terminus, yielded a group of molecules that showed excellent in vitro potency for inhibiting platelet aggregation, excellent integrin selectivity, a high level of oral efficacy, and an extended duration of action.
Long-term changes in ADAS-cog: what is clinically relevant for disease modifying trials in Alzheimer? (2007)

With the development of long-term disease modifying trials, changes in ADAS-Cog at 18 months will rise certainly many questions. We decided to look in the Real.fr study at the links between changes in cognition, ADAS-Cog and function. A total of 346 Alzheimer's patients with ADAS-cog at entry and at 18 months. were eligible for this analysis. These patients were on average 77.44 years old and 254 (72.36%) were women. The great majority lived at home and about 93% were treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor at baseline. Thirty three patients (9%) had a gain of more than 2 points at the ADAS-cog at 18 months (Group I, improvement); 130 (38%) were considered as stable, the reference group (Group II ) characterized by a stability at the ADAS-cog: decline of 2 points to gain of 2 points, 112 subjects (32%) had a moderate decline between 2 and 7 at the ADAScog (Group III) and finally 71 subjects (21%) had a severe impairment more than seven points at the ADAS-cog. A loss of one Basic ADL is certainly highly relevant, and such a change was found at 18 months in more than half of the subjects, which is not surprising for a long-term evolution in mild to moderate AD. An impairment of more than 7 points at the ADAS-cog was found in 21% of the subjects at 18 months and was associated with loss.
Bioreducible Polymers for Gene Silencing and Delivery (2011)

Polymeric gene delivery vectors show great potential for the construction of the ideal gene delivery system. These systems harness their ability to incorporate versatile functional traits to overcome most impediments encountered in gene delivery: from the initial complexation to their target-specific release of the therapeutic nucleic acids at the cytosol. Among the numerous multifunctional polymers that have been designed and evaluated as gene delivery vectors, polymers with redox-sensitive (or bioreducible) functional domains have gained great attention in terms of their structural and functional traits. The redox environment plays a pivotal role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and natural redox potential gradients exist between extra- and intracellular space and between the exterior and interior of subcellular organelles. In some cases, researchers have designed the polymeric delivery vectors to exploit these gradients. For example, researchers have taken advantage of the high redox potential gradient between oxidizing extracellular space and the reducing environment of cytosolic compartments by integrating disulfide bonds into the polymer structure. Such polymers retain their cargo in the extracellular space but selectively release the therapeutic nucleic acids in the reducing space within the cytosol. Furthermore, bioreducible polymers form stable complex with nucleic acids, and researchers can fabricate these structures to impart several important features such as site-, timing-, and duration period-specific gene expression. Additionally, the introduction of disulfide bonds within these polymers promotes their biodegradability and limits their cytotoxicity. Many approaches have demonstrated the versatility of bioreducible gene delivery, but the underlying biological rationale of these systems remains poorly understood. The process of disulfide reduction depends on multiple variables in the cellular redox environment. Therefore, the quest to unravel various issues such as the site and time of disulfide bond reduction during the cellular uptake and trafficking have stimulated a number of interesting studies which have employed disulfide compounds with a variety of reducible linkers. Such studies help researchers understand not only how modifications made to disulfides can alter their thiol-disulfide exchange characteristics but also to decipher the effect of the induced changes on the dynamics of the redox environment. This Account discusses current research trends and recent progress in the disulfide chemistry enabling novel and versatile designs of reducible polymeric gene delivery systems. We present strategies for the introduction of disulfide bonds into polymers. These representative examples and their respective outcomes elaborate the benefit and efficiency of disulfides at the individual stages of gene delivery.
Development of nested PCR assays for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in clinical samples (1994)

Two nested PCR assays were developed for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). Primers were selected from the gene encoding the F fusion protein (PCR-F) and the gene encoding the G attachment protein (PCR-G). Biotinylated oligonucleotide probes, termed F and G, were selected for the hybridization of the respective PCR products. The sensitivities of the PCR-F and PCR-G assays were similar, both detecting 0.1 tissue culture infective dose of the virus. The PCR-F assay amplified all bovine strains and one human strain (RS32) tested. No cross-reactions were observed with nine heterologous respiratory viruses. PCR-F products of bovine and human RSV strains were discriminated by using endonuclease restriction enzyme ScaI, which specifically cleaved, products of BRSV. Oligonucleotide probe F was also specific for products of BRSV. The PCR-G assay detected all bovine strains and none of the human strains tested. A faint electrophoretic band was also observed with products of Sendai virus. However, probe G did not hybridize with this product, only with products of BRSV. Nasal swabs collected from cattle with no symptoms and cattle in the acute stage of respiratory disease were analyzed for BRSV by the immunofluorescence (IF) method and by the PCR-F and PCR-G assays. The virus was detected by the PCR assays in 31 of 35 (89%) samples tested. Only 23 samples (66%) were positive by the IF method, and these samples were also positive by both the PCR-F and PCR-G assays. The 31 samples detected as positive by PCR originated from cattle presenting clinical signs of acute respiratory disease; the four PCR-negative samples originated from clinically asymptomatic neighboring cattle. All sampled animals subsequently seroconverted and became reactive to BRSV. Thus, the detection of BRSV by PCR correlated with clinical observations and was considerably more sensitive (66 versus 89%) than IF. These results indicate that both nested PCR assays provide rapid and sensitive means for the detection of BRSV infection in cattle. Considering its higher specificity, the PCR-F assay can be recommended as the method of choice in the analysis of clinical specimens of BRSV.
Efficacy of empirically prescribed amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid in children's reactive arthritis: a randomised trial. (2004)

Amoxicillin or amoxicillin + clavulanic acid in 10- to 14-day courses are advisable, in addition to the antirheumatic treatment, for children in the early stage of ReA when the arthritis-triggering microorganism is not identified.
Nucleotide sequence of two genes from Helicobacter pylori encoding for urease subunits (1990)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of two genes from Helicobacter pylori encoding for urease subunits Get access Christopher L. Clayton, Christopher L. Clayton * Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical CollegeWest Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mark J. Pallen, Mark J. Pallen Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical CollegeWest Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harry Kleanthous, Harry Kleanthous Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical CollegeWest Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Wren, W. Wren Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical CollegeWest Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Soad Tabaqchali Soad Tabaqchali Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical CollegeWest Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 2, 25 January 1990, Page 362, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.2.362 Published: 25 January 1990 Article history Received: 08 December 1989 Published: 25 January 1990
15.2: Development of Driver‐Integrated Panel Using Amorphous In‐Ga‐Zn‐Oxide TFT (2009)

Abstract We designed, prototyped, and evaluated LCD integrated with a gate driver and a source driver using amorphous In‐Ga‐Zn‐Oxide TFTs having bottom‐gate bottom‐contact structure, thereby obtaining TFTs with superior characteristics. Then, we prototyped the world's first 4‐inch QVGA LCD and integrated the gate driver and source driver on the display panel.
Provision of phenotype-matched blood units: no need for pre-transfusion antibody screening. (2001)

It is feasible and cost-effective to transfuse patients with phenotype-matched blood without antibody screening using a smart card system.
Synthesis and transmembrane transport studies by NMR of a glucosyl phospholipid of thymidine (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and transmembrane transport studies by NMR of a glucosyl phospholipid of thymidineJean Michel Neumann, Martine Herve, Jean Claude Debouzy, Fernando Iglesias Guerra, Catherine Gouyette, Bernadette Dupraz, and Huynh Dinh TamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 12, 4270–4277Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00194a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00194a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coagulation-dependent inhibition of fibrinolysis: role of carboxypeptidase-U and the premature lysis of clots from hemophilic plasma (1996)

Coagulation is initiated by the binding of factor VIIa to tissue factor, with resultant limited factor IX and X activation and thrombin production. Owing to the feedback inhibition of the factor VIIa/tissue factor complex by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), additional factor X activation and thrombin generation must proceed through a pathway involving factors VIII, IX, and XI. Experiments designed to elucidate the requirement for amplified factor Xa and thrombin generation in normal hemostasis show that the resistance of plasma clots to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)- and urokinase-induced fibrinolysis is related to the extent of thrombin generation. Inhibition of fibrinolysis is mediated in part by plasma carboxypeptidase-U ([CPU] carboxypeptidase-R, procarboxypeptidase-B, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor), a proenzyme that is proteolytically activated by thrombin in a process enhanced dramatically by the cofactor thrombomodulin. A clot induced in factor IX-deficient plasma with limited amounts of tissue factor in the presence of urokinase (100 U/mL) lyses prematurely, and this defect is corrected by supplementation of the deficient plasma with factor IX (5 micrograms/mL) or thrombomodulin (20 ng/mL). These additions enhance the rate and extent of CPU activation: in the case of factor IX, presumably by permitting amplified generation of factor Xa and thrombin, and in the case of thrombomodulin, presumably by increasing the degree of CPU activation produced by the low levels of thrombin generated in the absence of factor IX. Pretreatment of the factor IX-deficient plasma with specific anti-CPU antibodies prevents the increased resistance to fibrinolysis produced by addition of factor IX and thrombomodulin. Likewise, when coagulation is induced by thrombin (2 U/mL) in the presence of tPA (60 U/mL), clots formed from plasmas deficient in factors VIII, IX, X, or XI lyse prematurely unless the missing factor is replaced or thrombomodulin (20 ng/mL) is added.
I-vector-based speaker adaptation of deep neural networks for French broadcast audio transcription (2014)

State of the art speaker recognition systems are based on the i-vector representation of speech segments. In this paper we show how this representation can be used to perform blind speaker adaptation of hybrid DNN-HMM speech recognition system and we report excellent results on a French language audio transcription task. The implemenation is very simple. An audio file is first diarized and each speaker cluster is represented by an i-vector. Acoustic feature vectors are augmented by the corresponding i-vectors before being presented to the DNN. (The same i-vector is used for all acoustic feature vectors aligned with a given speaker.) This supplementary information improves the DNN's ability to discriminate between phonetic events in a speaker independent way without having to make any modification to the DNN training algorithms. We report results on the ETAPE 2011 transcription task, and show that i-vector based speaker adaptation is effective irrespective of whether cross-entropy or sequence training is used. For cross-entropy training, we obtained a word error rate (WER) reduction from 22.16% to 20.67% whereas for sequence training the WER reduces from 19.93% to 18.40%.
Three small ribooligonucleotides with specific arginine sites (1993)

Arginine-binding RNA motifs are important to protein-RNA interaction and perhaps also for Archean biochemistry. Selection-amplification was used to isolate three RNAs that are eluted by free arginine from an L-arginine affinity column (Kd approximately 0.2-0.4 mM). The binding sites contain specific internal and bulge loops, whose sequences can include arginine coding triplets. Binding is highly specific for arginine, but all three motifs, like the self-splicing group I intron, also bind guanosine 5'-monophosphate. One site is stereoselective, somewhat preferring D-arginine.
Localization in diphtheria toxin fragment B of a region that induces pore formation in planar lipid bilayers at low pH (1983)

Like diphtheria toxin and the N-terminal (Mr 23 000) region of fragment B, CB1 (Mr 13 000), the cyanogen bromide peptide located in the middle region of fragment B is able to induce pore formation in lipid bilayer membrane at low pH. These two peptides (Mr 23 000 and 13 000) share a common segment (Mr 6300) containing the predicted amphipathic, alpha-helical, transverse lipid-associating domain (Mr 2750) of fragment B [J. Cell Biol. (1980) 87, 837-840]. Therefore, we postulated this domain to be responsible for the pore formation ability of diphtheria toxin [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1981) 78, 172-176]. A relationship between the pH dependency of pore formation and the presence of a cluster of prolines in the C-terminal region of CB1 is proposed.
Comparative analysis of four methods to extract DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues: effect on downstream molecular applications (2010)

We conclude that the extraction method plays an important role with regard to performance in downstream molecular applications.
Preamble and Pilot Symbol Design for Channel Estimation in OFDM (2007)

The presence of null subcarriers in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system complicates the design of both training preamble for channel estimation and pilot symbols for pilot-aided channel estimation that minimize the mean square error (MSE) of estimates of frequency-selective channels. In this paper, we numerically find optimal preambles, casting the MSE minimization problem into a semidefinite programming problem. Then, based on the optimal preamble, we also design pilot symbols for pilot-aided channel estimation. A design example under the same setting as IEEE 802.11a is provided to verify the efficacy of our proposal.
Updating OLAP dimensions (1999)

OLAP systems support data analysis through a multidimensional data model, according to which data facts are viewed as points in a space of application-related “dimensions” , organized into levels which conform a hierarchy. Although the usual assumption is that these points reflect the dynamic aspect of the data warehouse while dimensions are relatively static, in practice it turns out that dimension updates are often necessary to adapt the multidimensional database to changing requirements. These updates can take place either at the structural level (e.g. addition of categories or modification of the hierarchical structure) or at the instance level (elements can be inserted, deleted, merged, etc.). They are poorly supported (or not supported at all) in current commercial systems and have not been addressed in the literature. In a previous paper we introduced a formal model supporting dimension updates. Here, we extend the model, adding a set of semantically meaningful operators which encapsulate common sequences of primitive dimension updates in a more efficient way. We also formally define two mappings (normalized and denormalized) from the multidimensional to the relational model, and compare an implementation of dimension updates using these two approaches.
Antigenic Thymus-Epidermis Relationships (1987)

We have investigated on human skin the reactivity of a panel of 42 anti-thymus monoclonal antibodies (MCA) supplied by the Third International Workshop and Conference on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens, Oxford, 1986. MCA of the first cluster of differentiation (CD1) define a group of surface molecules expressed by cortical thymocytes. Some of them (OKT6, M241 and Na1/34) have been shown to react in normal human skin with the epidermal Langerhans cells (LC). Twenty-two CD1 MCA were investigated in the present study. On normal human skin, 13 MCA reacted with LC in situ. This result suggests and confirms the heterogeneity of CD1 MCA. Recently, some of them were shown to recognize biochemically different molecules and/or epitopes of thymocytes. In addition, 20 anti-thymic epithelium MCA were tested on human skin. The MCA which only reacted with the thymic epithelial cell network (except Hassall's corpuscles) decorated only the epidermal basal cell layer. The MCA which reacted with all the thymic epithelial cells (including Hassall's corpuscles) decorated all the epidermal cell layers. These results confirm the heterogeneity of the thymic epithelial microenvironment and underline the antigenic similarities between the thymic epithelial structures and the different epidermal cell layers. The existence of bone-marrow-derived CD1-positive cells (thymocytes or LC) in an epithelial cell network (the thymus and the epidermis) focus the speculation around the immunological role of the epidermal basal cell layer in the T cell education and the exact lineage of the epidermal LC.