gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p53 mutation in breast cancer. Correlation with cell kinetics and cell of origin (2002)

These results are compatible with the hypothesis that the phenotype of the cell of origin constrains both tumour phenotype and the choice of genetic events; however, the occurrence of p53 mutants by chance during neoplastic transformation cannot be excluded.
Tumor Gene Expression and Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients with 10 or More Positive Lymph Nodes (2005)

Tumor gene expression profiles of archival tissues, some more than 20 years old, provide significant information about risk of distant recurrence even among patients with 10 or more nodes.
Regulation of Leaf Senescence by Cytokinin, Sugars, and Light (1998)

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between cytokinin, sugar repression, and light in the senescence-related decline in photosynthetic enzymes of leaves. In transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants that induce the production of cytokinin in senescing tissue, the age-dependent decline in NADH-dependent hydroxypyruvate reductase (HPR), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, and other enzymes involved in photosynthetic metabolism was delayed but not prevented. Glucose (Glc) and fructose contents increased with leaf age in wild-type tobacco and, to a greater extent, in transgenic tobacco. To study whether sugar accumulation in senescing leaves can counteract the effect of cytokinin on senescence, discs of wild-type leaves were incubated with Glc and cytokinin solutions. The photorespiratory enzyme HPR declined rapidly in the presence of 20 mm Glc, especially at very low photon flux density. Although HPR protein was increased in the presence of cytokinin, cytokinin did not prevent the Glc-dependent decline. Illumination at moderate photon flux density resulted in the rapid synthesis of HPR and partially prevented the negative effect of Glc. Similar results were obtained for the photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. It is concluded that sugars, cytokinin, and light interact during senescence by influencing the decline in proteins involved in photosynthetic metabolism.
Oral DNA vaccines target the tumor vasculature and microenvironment and suppress tumor growth and metastasis (2008)

Four novel oral DNA vaccines provide protection against melanoma, colon, breast, and lung carcinoma in mouse models. Vaccines are delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to secondary lymphoid organs and respectively target vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, transcription factor Fos-related antigen-1, anti-apoptosis protein survivin and Legumain, an asparaginyl endopeptidase specifically overexpressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These vaccines are all capable of inducing potent cell-mediated protective immunity against self-antigens, resulting in marked suppression of tumor growth and dissemination. Key mechanisms induced by these DNA vaccines include efficient suppression of angiogenesis in the tumor vasculature and marked activation of cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting dendritic cells. The vaccine targeting Legumain establishes the new paradigm whereby a reduction in the density of TAMs in the TME decreases the release of factors potentiating tumor growth and angiogenesis. This, in turn, remodels the TME and decreases its immunosuppressive milieu and thereby potentiates the DNA vaccine's ability to effectively suppress tumor cell proliferation, vascularization, and metastasis. It is anticipated that such research efforts will lead to novel DNA-based vaccines that will be effective for the treatment of cancer.
Relationship between serum concetrations of type III procollagen, hyluronic acid and histopathological findings in the liver of HCV-positive blood donors (2007)

There was no association between liver function tests, hyaluronic acid and fibrosis. However, PIIIP was related with liver fibrosis. Maybe, this marker should be useful to assess fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Phase 1 and Pharmacokinetic Study of Lexatumumab in Patients with Advanced Cancers (2007)

Lexatumumab was safe and well tolerated at doses up to and including 10 mg/kg every 21 days. Lexatumumab was associated with sustained stable disease in several patients. Pharmacokinetics were linear over the dose range studied, and consistent with a two-compartment model with first-order elimination from the central compartment. Additional evaluation of this novel apoptosis-inducing agent, particularly in combination with chemotherapy agents, is warranted and ongoing.
Multicast Provision for High Speed Networks (1992)

With the advent of high speed packet networks capable of supporting integrated services, there is increasing scope for multi-party applications such as multi-media conferencing, file distribution, video distribution, real-time data collection and computer supported cooperative work. Such applications need to be properly supported by the network in order to encourage their development. This paper presents a layered framework offering the necessary support mechanisms at appropriate levels to make effective and efficient use of networking resources. Two aspects of multicast provision are then dealt with in more detail: first, multicast routing for networks of arbitrary topology and secondly, a flexible set of group management procedures.
Das Exodus-Paradigma (2019)

In diesem Beitrag wird anhand biblischer Texte versucht, den Exodus als resonantes und damit wechselseitiges Beziehungsgeschehen anhand der von Hartmut Rosa definierten vier Resonanzachsen, der vertikalen, horizontalen, diagonalen und jener zu sich selber, zu verstehen: Gott befreit Menschen nicht ohne deren Zutun aus bedrängenden Situationen und sie sind dabei auf die Mithilfe ihrer Mitmenschen angewiesen, die wiederum Solidarität erwarten dürfen. Im liminalen Raum, der nach dem Verlassen der Unterdrückung und der Etablierung im Neuen entsteht, lauern aber auch die Gefahren der Verklärung der Vergangenheit – sprichwörtlich geworden in den „Fleischtöpfen Ägyptens“ – oder des mangelnden Vertrauens in die Helfenden. In den Wüstenerzählungen wird dies mehrfach thematisiert im Konflikt um die Leitungsämter und in den Geschichten des Aufbegehrens gegen die Rettergottheit.
BCL2 Antisense Reduces Prostate Cancer Cell Survival Following Irradiation (2002)

Irradiation of the prostate, delivered as external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), is currently one of the few treatment options for localized prostate cancer. While it is relatively effective, the failure rate still remains unacceptably high with a 5-year biochemical failure rate of 10-40%. Utilizing genetically engineered LNCaP prostate cancer sublines that either overexpress Bcl2 (LNCaP/S22-d) or have down-regulated Bcl2 (LNCaP/AS17-f) we investigated the influence of this antiapoptotic protein on clonogenic survival following radiation. The radiation dose response curves (2-8 Gy) for the sublines differed significantly from the parental LNCaP (LNCaP/S22d: p < 0.001 and LNCaP/AS17-f: p = 0.008). The relative survival of the sublines revealed increased survival in the Bcl2 overexpressing cells, and decreased survival in the Bcl2 down-regulated cells. These data suggest a potentially important therapeutic approach for enhancing radiosensitivity in prostate tumors via antisense oligonucleotide or other drug therapies that down-regulate Bcl2. Strategies such as these likely hold the promise of enhancing the efficacy of EBRT by decreasing tumor cell survival, reducing the incidence of tumor recurrence and improving patient outcome.
Recent Developments in Nanoparticle-Based siRNA Delivery for Cancer Therapy (2013)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene regulation mechanism initiated by RNA molecules that enables sequence-specific gene silencing by promoting degradation of specific mRNAs. Molecular therapy using small interfering RNA (siRNA) has shown great therapeutic potential for diseases caused by abnormal gene overexpression or mutation. The major challenges to application of siRNA therapeutics include the stability and effective delivery of siRNA in vivo. Important progress in nanotechnology has led to the development of efficient siRNA delivery systems. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery and the application of siRNA in clinical trials for cancer therapy. This review will also offer perspectives on future applications of siRNA therapeutics.
T cell immunity in patients with malignant glioma: recent progress in dendritic cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches (2005)

Despite dramatic advances in surgical technique, imaging, and adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with malignant glial tumors remains dismal. Based on the current knowledge regarding immune responses in the healthy central nervous system (CNS) and glioma-bearing hosts, we discuss dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapeutic approaches for malignant gliomas and the relevance of recent clinical trials and their outcomes. It is now recognized that the CNS is not an immunologically tolerated site, and clearance of arising glioma cells is a routine physiological function of the normal, non-compromised immune system. To escape from immune surveillance, however, clinically apparent gliomas develop complex mechanisms that suppress tumoricidal immune responses. Although the use of DCs for the treatment of glioma patients may be the most appropriate approach, an effective treatment paradigm for these tumors may eventually require the use of several types of treatment. Additionally, given the heterogeneity of this disease process and an immune-refractory tumor cell population, the series use of rational multiple modalities that target different tumor characteristics may be the most effective therapeutic strategy to treat malignant gliomas.
Pocket Guide to injectable Drugs, 1989 Edition (1989)

Journal Article Pocket Guide to injectable Drugs, 1989 Edition Get access Pocket Guide to injectable Drugs, 1989 Edition Published by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 4630 Montgomery Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814, 1988. vi + 209 p. Price $15. Lawrence A. Trissel Lawrence A. Trissel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 46, Issue 10, 1 October 1989, Page 2176, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/46.10.2176 Published: 01 October 1989
PASSIVE OPTICAL LANE POSITION MONITOR (1996)

For this Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) project, a prototype passive optical lane position monitor was designed, built, and successfully tested. The sensor head is simple and consists of two parts: a cylindrical lens and a position sensitive detector. This compact, lightweight package is mounted on the windshield inside the vehicle up behind the rearview mirror. It would view the roadway about 15-20 ft (4.6-6.1 m) ahead of the vehicle. The amplifier and processing electronics would be about the size of a cigarette pack and located elsewhere in the vehicle. This is a passive sensor which relies on available light and current road marking practice. There are no moving parts. The prototype was tested in the laboratory and in the field. It was tested in sunlight over a range of solar angles from dawn to dusk, and tested at night with the lane illuminated by a car's headlights. The sensor worked quite well and appears to be a practical tool in highway applications.
Interaction of Bovine Papillomavirus E2 Protein with Brd4 Stabilizes Its Association with Chromatin (2005)

The bovine papillomavirus E2 protein maintains and segregates the viral extrachromosomal genomes by tethering them to cellular mitotic chromosomes. E2 interacts with a cellular bromodomain protein, Brd4, to mediate the segregation of viral genomes into daughter cells. Brd4 binds acetylated histones and has been observed to diffusely coat mitotic chromosomes in several cell types. In this study, we show that in mitotic C127 cells, Brd4 diffusely coated the condensed chromosomes. However, in the presence of the E2 protein, E2 and Brd4 colocalized in punctate dots that were randomly distributed over the chromosomes. A similar pattern of E2 and Brd4 colocalization on mitotic chromosomes was observed in CV-1 cells, whereas only a faint chromosomal coating of Brd4 was detected in the absence of the E2 protein. Therefore, the viral E2 protein relocalizes and/or stabilizes the association of Brd4 with chromosomes in mitotic cells. The colocalization of E2 and Brd4 was also observed in interphase cells, indicating that this protein-protein interaction persists throughout the cell cycle. The interaction of E2 with Brd4 greatly stabilized the association of Brd4 with interphase chromatin. In both mitotic and interphase cells, this stabilization required a transcriptionally competent transactivation domain, but not the DNA binding function of the E2 protein. Thus, the E2 protein modulates the chromatin association of Brd4 during both interphase and mitosis. This study demonstrates that the segregation of papillomavirus genomes is not simply due to the passive hitchhiking of the E2/genome complex with a convenient cellular chromosomal protein.
The Role of Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in the Mechanism of Type 1 Diabetes (2009)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the innate immune system play a key role in sensing and eliminating microbial infections. Interactions between TLRs and their ligands expressed by microbial pathogens induce a cascade of intracellular signaling events, culminating in the upregulation of proinflammatory pathways. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have established the role of the acquired immune system in the mechanism triggering type 1 diabetes (T1D). The recent discovery of TLRs has led to the recognition that the innate immune system may act, under some circumstances, as a double-edged sword. In addition to its beneficial role in host defense, it may lead to upregulation of proinflammatory autoimmune responses, islet destruction and diabetes. Indeed, recent observations are consistent with the hypothesis that altered innate functions exist in patients with T1D and could be part of the mechanism leading to disease onset, but the underlying mechanisms and the relevance of these alterations to early events triggering disease remain to be identified. Data obtained from mouse and rat models of T1D implicated TLR pathways in both disease induction and prevention. In both the NOD mouse and diabetes-prone BB (BBDP) rat, TLR upregulation can suppress disease. In the BioBreeding Diabetes Resistant (BBDR) rat, however, diabetes induced by virus infection involves the upregulation of TLR9 pathways, and generic TLR upregulation synergizes with virus infection on diabetes induction. Studies performed in mouse models of T1D with spontaneous or induced T1D implicate TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, and TLR7 in disease mechanisms. The finding that TLR pathways are involved in mediating islet inflammation holds great promise for identifying new molecules that could potentially be targeted to specifically suppress the autoimmune process in individuals at high risk for disease development. The potential link between TLR upregulation and autoimmunity emphasizes the need for caution in using new therapies involving TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants.
Cardiovascular disease in diabetic nephropathy patients: cell adhesion molecules as potential markers? (2005)

Cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, especially for patients with diabetic nephropathy. The underlying factor or pathogenic mechanism that links diabetic nephropathy with cardiovascular disease is not known. The endothelial cell adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, play a crucial role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Levels of both cell adhesion molecules are raised by the diabetic and kidney disease states. This review focuses on these important cell adhesion molecules and their role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
Interleukin‐3 Promotes Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells but Reduces Their Repopulation Potential in NOD/SCID Mice (2003)

In the present study we explored systematically the influence of human interleukin-3 (IL-3) on the cord blood (CB) cell-derived production of human hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow, blood, and spleen of chimeric nonobese/severe combined immunodeficient mice ((NOD/SCID) mice. CB mononuclear cells and MACS-enriched CB CD34(+) cells were injected into irradiated NOD/SCID mice. The mice were additionally transplanted with a stably transfected rat fibroblast cell line expressing the human IL-3 gene (Rat-IL-3) constitutively, or with the nontransfected rat fibroblast cell line as a control (Rat-1). Rat-IL-3 mice displayed a higher engraftment of human hematopoietic cells in bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood compared with mice with Rat-1 cotransplantation. When we transplanted their total bone marrow cell population into secondary mice, surprisingly, mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from Rat-1 mice displayed a higher proportion of human hematopoietic cells compared with Rat-IL-3 mice. As expected, bone marrow cultures (BMCs) from Rat-IL-3 mice contained a higher proportion of human cells than Rat-1 bone marrow cells. However, when BMCs were passaged to new flasks, we observed a higher proportion of human cells in BMCs from Rat-1 mice compared with BMCs from Rat-IL-3 mice. IL-3 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in chimeric bone marrow. In addition, IL-3 may play a role in the depletion of hematopoietic stem cells in chimeric bone marrow. In the absence of IL-3, the hematopoietic stem cells may remain in a quiescent state and proliferation can be induced by stimuli, including secondary transplantation or cell passage.
Getting the Sticker Price Right: Incentives for Cleaner, More Efficient Vehicles (1994)

Americans and their policy makers are increasingly recognizing the environmental and economic impacts of America's reliance on the automobile. 1 The most successful and developed policy remedies to these impacts-improved fuel efficiency standards and gasoline taxes-are bogged down in a political impasse.As a result, complementary approaches are being designed in an effort to develop a package * Through June 1994, Nathanael Greene worked as an energy policy analyst for the Natural Resources Defense Council in New York.He received his B-A. in public policy from Brown University and is currently working on an M.A. at U.C. Berkeley's Energy and Resources Group.
The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Partner, Raptor, Binds the mTOR Substrates p70 S6 Kinase and 4E-BP1 through Their TOR Signaling (TOS) Motif (2003)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls multiple cellular functions in response to amino acids and growth factors, in part by regulating the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70S6k) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1). Raptor (regulatory associated protein of mTOR) is a recently identified mTOR binding partner that also binds p70S6k and 4E-BP1 and is essential for TOR signaling in vivo. Herein we demonstrate that raptor binds to p70S6k and 4E-BP1 through their respective TOS (conserved TOR signaling) motifs to be required for amino acid- and mTOR-dependent regulation of these mTOR substrates in vivo. A point mutation of the TOS motif also eliminates all in vitro mTOR-catalyzed 4E-BP1 phosphorylation and abolishes the raptor-dependent component of mTOR-catalyzed p70S6k phosphorylation in vitro. Raptor appears to serve as an mTOR scaffold protein, the binding of which to the TOS motif of mTOR substrates is necessary for effective mTOR-catalyzed phosphorylation in vivo and perhaps for conferring their sensitivity to rapamycin and amino acid sufficiency.
Efficient production of hepatitis B surface antigen using a bovine papilloma virus-metallothionein vector. (1984)

We have developed a highly efficient system for producing hepatitis B virus surface antigen in cultured mammalian cells. This system utilizes a recombinant bovine papilloma virus in which the hepatitis surface antigen coding sequences are inserted into the 5' untranslated region of the mouse metallothionein-I gene. Mouse fibroblasts stably transformed with this molecule produce surface antigen at levels as high as 10 mg/L/24 h and can be maintained in continuous culture for up to 85 days.
Reactive dilation of large coronary arteries in conscious dogs. (1984)

To study the response of large coronary arteries to short periods of myocardial ischemia a pair of ultrasonic dimension transducers, a flow probe and a hydraulic occluder were implanted around the left circumflex coronary artery for the instantaneous and continuous measurement of external coronary artery dimensions and coronary blood flow, respectively. At 6.1 +/- 0.4 seconds after release of a 15-second occlusion, mean coronary blood flow increased by 255 +/- 30% from a preocclusion flow of 32 +/- 4.1 ml/min. At this time, large coronary arterial cross-sectional area was unchanged but increased slowly, reaching a peak 28 +/- 4.4% above preocclusion levels 61 +/- 3.2 seconds after occlusion, i.e., reactive dilation. During maximal reactive dilation, coronary blood flow had already returned to control levels, and heart rate, mean arterial pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure, and left ventricular dP/dt were not different from control. The reactive dilation was not affected if the occlusion occurred proximal or distal to where diameter was measured, or by combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade, ganglionic blockade, inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, or by aminophylline. When the reactive hyperemia was prevented by constricting the coronary artery upon release of the coronary occlusion, the reactive dilation was not observed. Thus, large coronary arteries respond to brief periods of occlusion with reactive dilation. The time course of this response is distinctly different from the accompanying reactive hyperemia, and could be eliminated by preventing the marked increase in coronary blood flow following release from the brief period of coronary artery occlusion.
Anti-P. gingivalis Response Correlates with Atherosclerosis (2007)

Significant associations between atherosclerosis and both Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontopathogen, and the respiratory pathogen, Chlamydia pneumoniae, have been shown. Many individuals with evidence of atherosclerosis demonstrate seropositivity to these pathogens. The aim of the present study was to examine the atherogenic effect of repeated immunizations with either or both of these agents, and to determine if molecular mimicry of bacterial heat-shock protein (HSP), termed GroEL, and host (h) HSP60 was involved. Atherogenesis was examined in apolipoprotein-E-deficient (−/−) mice following intraperitoneal immunizations with P. gingivalis, C. pneumoniae, P. gingivalis, and C. pneumoniae or vehicle. Lesion area in the proximal aorta and levels of serum antibodies to P. gingivalis, C. pneumoniae, and GroEL were measured. The increased pathogen burden of P. gingivalis, but not of C. pneumoniae, enhanced atherosclerosis. hHSP60 was detected in lesions, and in P. gingivalis-immunized mice, lesion development was correlated with anti-GroEL antibody levels, supporting the involvement of molecular mimicry between GroEL and hHSP60.