gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital camera calibration method based on PhotoModeler (2010)

In recent years, with CCD (or CMOS) image sensor as the core components, digital cameras turns into a new generation cameras. Compared with ordinary cameras, digital cameras have a distinct advantage: achieving digital information collection, image processing conveniently, and have been widely used in many fields presently. However, when people using ordinary digital camera doing research, few consider the error of the target image caused by digital camera distortion, digital camera is the important equipment to obtain digital image data, and its camera distortion should attract users attention. To ensure the quality of its results to meet the precision of the measurement tasks, the calibration of each parameter will be an important task. Commonly used camera calibration method including: spatial resection, direct linear transformation, analytical plumb line and self calibration. In this paper we use space resection, obtain calibration images through the establishment of mathematical model calibration, locate the accurate position of pixels and obtain accurate calibration parameters. Getting conclusion by authentication example, provide basic guarantees for the follow-up of Digital close-range photogrammetry and 3D modeling.
CDC25B and p53 are independently implicated in radiation sensitivity for human esophageal cancers. (2000)

Ionized radiation leads to G1 arrest and apoptosis by a p53-dependent pathway and G2-M arrest through a p53-independent pathway. In this study, we evaluated the role of cell cycle-regulating molecules in the sensitivity of cancer cells for radiation therapy. Forty-seven patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus had undergone radiation therapy, followed by surgical resection. They were classified as sensitive to radiation (SR, 14 cases) with no residual tumor in the surgical specimen or as resistant to radiation (RR, 33 cases) with viable residual tumors. Their preradiation biopsy samples were immunohistochemically investigated for the expressions of cell cycle-related molecules, including p53, CDC25A, CDC25B, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and Ki-67. p53 expression was negative in 71% (10 of 14) of SR and positive in 91% (30 of 33) of RR. The association was strong between high radiation sensitivity and negative p53 expression (P < 0.0001). CDC25B, which is not expressed in normal epithelium but is in the cytoplasm of esophageal cancers, was strongly expressed (2+) in 46% (6 of 14) of SR and in 6% (2 of 23) of RR. Thus, the sensitivity for radiation therapy was significantly correlated with CDC25B overexpression. With respect to CDC25A, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and Ki-67, no statistically significant differences were found in their expressions between SR and RR tumors. p53 and CDC25B expressions showed no significant associations, and multivariate analysis revealed that both p53 and CDC25B are significant independent markers for predicting radiation sensitivity. CDC25B was revealed to be a novel predictor of radiation sensitivity in esophageal cancers. Because CDC25B is an oncogene, which affects G2-M progression, these results suggest the importance of a p53-independent G2-M checkpoint in radiation therapy.
Deception and Detection: the Trickster Archetype in the Film, The Big Lebowski, and its Cult Following (2009)

A scene towards the end of the film The Big Lebowski (TBL) unmistakably illustrates the connection between the trickster and detective work. The comedy film describes the travails of the Dude, whose outsider life is concerned with three things: drinking White Russians, smoking marijuana, and bowling. The Dude accidentally becomes involved in a kidnapping and the seedy world of pornography producers and actors, thugs, loan sharks and violent German nihilists. The Dude is propelled along with the events of the kidnapping by outside forces while his only concern is to get back to bowling. The story has been described as, “a 1940s Raymond Chandler whodunit on acid (Yost, 2003).” At one point, thugs working for Jackie Treehorn, a pornography producer, have abducted the Dude (Coen &amp;amp; Coen, 1998, 1:15:40). Treehorn questions the Dude about a missing woman, and then is interrupted by a phone call. Treehorn takes the call, writes down something on a pad of paper, tears off the top sheet and leaves the room. Now alone in the room, the Dude examines the notepad, picks up a pencil and begins to rub its point on the notepad in an attempt to trace the writing on Treehorn’s sheet. I think: finally, the Dude is acting like a detective! I actually feel a sense of relief after watching the Dude sleepwalk through the mystery for so long. And what did
Evaluation of a Self-Inactivating Lentiviral Vector Expressing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Gag for Induction of Specific Immune Responses in Vitro and in Vivo (2006)

Humoral and cellular immune responses have been shown to play a fundamental role in controlling simian and/or simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SIV-SHIV) replication in infected macaques. Therefore, the appropriate induction of both compartments of the immune system should be elicited after immunization. In this context, viral vectors have been proven effective in inducing both humoral and cellular immune responses during immunization protocols after direct injection in vivo. Among them, recombinant self-inactivating lentiviral vectors represent a useful strategy for vaccine development because they efficiently transduce and express foreign genes into a wide variety of mammalian cells. Here we report on the development and evaluation of a self-inactivating HIV-based lentiviral vector expressing a codon-optimized SIV Gag sequence (TY2-SIVGagDX), which when used to transduce dendritic cells mediated in vitro expansion of Gag-specific T cells derived from an SHIV-infected cynomolgus monkey, as measured by interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and (51)Cr release standard assays. To evaluate the ability to elicit specific immune responses in vivo, TY2-SIVGagDX was also employed in a vaccination protocol after a single intramuscular injection in BALB/c mice. Results indicated that the vector was able to efficiently induce both cellular and humoral responses, as measured by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay and antibody production. These data further confirm that lentiviral vectors encoding viral genes represent an advantageous delivery system for vaccine development.
Suppression of Syndecan-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (1996)

Syndecan-1 is a cell surface proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrix components and modulates the activity of heparin-binding growth factors. The expression of syndecan-1 is modified during development, carcinogenesis, and tissue regeneration. During cutaneous wound healing, syndecan-1 expression is transiently induced in newly-formed capillaries of granulation tissue as well as in proliferating keratinocytes. To study the mechanisms underlying this regulation we investigated the effects of several growth factors/cytokines on syndecan-1 expression in two human cell lines: EA.hy 926 endothelial cells and HaCaT keratinocytes. None of these factors significantly altered syndecan-1 mRNA expression in cultured keratinocytes, but when given to endothelial cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) specifically and dose-dependently suppressed syndecan-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. TNF-alpha reduced the amount of syndecan-1 protein in EA.hy 926 cells in both the presence and absence of serum and, at the same time, induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on endothelial syndecan-1 expression was reproducible in in vivo experiments in which TNF-alpha-coated beads were administered directly to healing skin wounds of mice. Data supporting these findings were further obtained by injecting TNF-alpha into an experimental rat granulation tissue model. In this tissue TNF-alpha suppressed syndecan-1 mRNA expression by approximately 80%. These results indicate that TNF-alpha is capable of down-regulating syndecan-1 expression in endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that similar mechanisms may be responsible for the changes in syndecan-1 expression observed during various regenerative, developmental, and malignant processes.
Influence of ultra‐high pressure sterilization on the structure of polymer films (2009)

Abstract The effect of ultra‐high‐pressure processing on the structure of polymer film pouches, commonly used in food packaging, has been studied. In particular, the effect of an air headspace on the polypropylene heat‐sealing inner layer is reported. With increasing pressure, both nitrogen and oxygen gases become increasingly soluble in the polymer layer. If the pressure is rapidly released, this causes voids and pits to form in the inner layer. An estimate of the increased solubility (70‐fold) is calculated from regular solution theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Nonspecific, concentration-dependent stimulation and repression of mammalian gene expression by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) (2003)

RNA interference is an evolutionarily conserved process in which expression of a specific gene is post-transcriptionally inhibited by a small interfering RNA (siRNA), which recognizes a complementary mRNA and induces its degradation. Currently, RNA interference is being used extensively to inhibit expression of specific genes for experimental and therapeutic purposes. For applications in mammalian cells, siRNAs are designed to be <approximately 30 base pairs to avoid nonspecific effects that arise from inducing the cellular double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) response. Here we perform expression profiling in mammalian tissue-culture cells treated under standard conditions with conventional 21-bp siRNAs and find, unexpectedly, that >1000 genes involved in diverse cellular functions are nonspecifically stimulated or repressed. The effects on gene expression are dependent upon siRNA concentration and are stable throughout the course of siRNA treatment. Our results can be explained by previous studies showing that dsRNAs can affect multiple signaling and transcription pathways in addition to PKR. The potential for this widespread, nonspecific effect on mammalian gene expression must be carefully considered in the design of siRNA experiments and therapeutic applications.
Biosynthesis of Angular Furanocoumarins: Mechanism and Stereochemistry of the Oxidative Dealkylation of Columbianetin to Angelicin inHeracleum mantegazzianum (Apiaceae) (1998)

Deuterium-labelled 5-fluorocolumbianetin 13 was synthesized as a metabolic probe to examine the stereochemical course of the bioconversion of (+)-columbianetin (12) into the angular furocoumarin angelicin (5). In leaves of Heracleum mantegazzianum, oxidative dealkylation of the specifically deuterated fluorocolumbianetin 13 proceeded by syn-elimination of a D-atom, from C(9), and the vicinal 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl substituent, yielding 5-fluoroangelicin (23). This matches the stereochemical course of the related reaction converting (+)-marmesin (10) into the linear furocoumarin psoralen (1). Key steps in the synthesis of 5-fluorocolumbianetin (13) were the copper-catalysed alkynylation/cyclization of 5-fluoro-8-iodoumbelliferone (15) followed by a transfer hydrogenation, which established the cis-orientation of the D-Atom and the 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl substituent.
Prognostic Importance of MN1 Transcript Levels, and Biologic Insights From MN1-Associated Gene and MicroRNA Expression Signatures in Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study (2009)

PURPOSE To determine the prognostic importance of the meningioma 1 (MN1) gene expression levels in the context of other predictive molecular markers, and to derive MN1 associated gene- and microRNA-expression profiles in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS MN1 expression was measured in 119 untreated primary CN-AML adults younger than 60 years by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Patients were also tested for FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, and WT1 mutations, MLL partial tandem duplications, and BAALC and ERG expression. Gene- and microRNA-expression profiles were attained by performing genome-wide microarray assays. Patients were intensively treated on two first-line Cancer and Leukemia Group B clinical trials. Results Higher MN1 expression associated with NPM1 wild-type (P < .001), increased BAALC expression (P = .004), and less extramedullary involvement (P = .01). In multivariable analyses, higher MN1 expression associated with a lower complete remission rate (P = .005) after adjustment for WBC; shorter disease-free survival (P = .01) after adjustment for WT1 mutations, FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD), and high ERG expression; and shorter survival (P = .04) after adjustment for WT1 and NPM1 mutations, FLT3-ITD, and WBC. Gene- and microRNA-expression profiles suggested that high MN1 expressers share features with high BAALC expressers and patients with wild-type NPM1. Higher MN1 expression also appears to be associated with genes and microRNAs that are active in aberrant macrophage/monocytoid function and differentiation. CONCLUSION MN1 expression independently predicts outcome in CN-AML patients. The MN1 gene- and microRNA-expression signatures suggest biologic features that could be exploited as therapeutic targets.
Accumulation, localization, and compartmentation of transforming growth factor beta during endochondral bone development. (1988)

Endochondral bone formation was induced in postnatal rats by implantation of demineralized rat bone matrix. Corresponding control tissue was generated by implanting inactive extracted bone matrix, which did not induce bone formation. At various times, implants were removed and sequentially extracted with guanidine hydrochloride, and then EDTA and guanidine hydrochloride. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) in the extracts was quantitated by a radioreceptor assay. TGF beta was present in demineralized bone matrix before implantation, and the concentration had decreased by 1 d after implantation. Thereafter, TGF beta was undetectable by radioreceptor assay until day 9. From day 9-21 the TGF beta was extracted only after EDTA demineralization, indicating tight association with the mineralized matrix. During this time, the content of TGF beta per milligram soluble protein rose steadily and remained high through day 21. This increased concentration correlated with the onset of vascularization and calcification of cartilage. TGF beta was detected only between days 3-9 in the controls; i.e., non-bone-forming implants. Immunolocalization of TGF beta in bone-forming implants revealed staining of inflammatory cells at early times, followed later by staining of chondrocytes in calcifying cartilage and staining of osteoblasts. The most intense staining of TGF beta was found in calcified cartilage and mineralized bone matrix, again indicating preferential compartmentalization of TGF beta in the mineral phase. In contrast to the delayed expression of TGF beta protein, northern blot analysis showed TGF beta mRNA in implants throughout the sequence of bone formation. The time-dependent accumulation of TGF beta when cartilage is being replaced by bone in this in vivo model of bone formation suggests that TGF beta may play a role in the regulation of ossification during endochondral bone development.
Behavioral, neurochemical, and electrophysiological characterization of a genetic mouse model of depression (2003)

Depression is a multifactorial illness and genetic factors play a role in its etiology. The understanding of its physiopathology relies on the availability of experimental models potentially mimicking the disease. Here we describe a model built up by selective breeding of mice with strikingly different responses in the tail suspension test, a stress paradigm aimed at screening potential antidepressants. Indeed, "helpless" mice are essentially immobile in the tail suspension test, as well as the Porsolt forced-swim test, and they show reduced consumption of a palatable 2% sucrose solution. In addition, helpless mice exhibit sleep-wakefulness alterations resembling those classically observed in depressed patients, notably a lighter and more fragmented sleep, with an increased pressure of rapid eye movement sleep. Compared with "nonhelpless" mice, they display higher basal seric corticosterone levels and lower serotonin metabolism index in the hippocampus. Remarkably, serotonin(1A) autoreceptor stimulation induces larger hypothermia and inhibition of serotoninergic neuronal firing in the nucleus raphe dorsalis in helpless than in nonhelpless mice. Thus, helpless mice exhibit a decrease in serotoninergic tone, which evokes that associated with endogenous depression in humans. Finally, both the behavioral impairments and the serotoninergic dysfunction can be improved by chronic treatment with the antidepressant fluoxetine. The helpless line of mice may provide an opportunity to approach genes influencing susceptibility to depression and to investigate neurophysiological and neurochemical substrates underlying antidepressant effects.
Olive Oil and Red Wine Antioxidant Polyphenols Inhibit Endothelial Activation (2003)

Olive oil and red wine antioxidant polyphenols at nutritionally relevant concentrations transcriptionally inhibit endothelial adhesion molecule expression, thus partially explaining atheroprotection from Mediterranean diets.
The Use of Non-viable Glycerol-preserved Cadaver Skin Combined with Widely Expanded Autografts in the Treatment of Extensive Third-degree Burns (1989)

Allograft skin lyophilised in 98% glycerol is an effective overlay for widely expanded autografts. The technique was evaluated clinically on a total of 58 sandwich grafting procedures in a group of 39 patients with extensive third-degree burns. Forty-five grafting operations performed within 10 days postburn all resulted in an epithelialisation rate of at least 75% within 5 weeks. Thirty-three of these procedures achieved complete (more than 95%) wound closure. Of 13 operations performed after the 14th postburn day, ten resulted in a wound epithelialisation of at least 75%. Epithelial quality and cosmetic results were good. The mean length of hospitalisation was 56 days. One patient died from unassociated respiratory failure. The absence of allograft viability did not impair its function as an autograft overlay. The apparent attenuation of allograft antigenicity conferred by the action of 98% glycerol may have contributed to the results achieved. The process of cadaver skin preservation in 98% glycerol is simple and inexpensive.
A Kernel Method for Multi-Labelled Classification (2002)

This article presents a Support Vector Machine (SVM) like learning system to handle multi-label problems. Such problems are usually decomposed into many two-class problems but the expressive power of such a system can be weak [5, 7]. We explore a new direct approach. It is based on a large margin ranking system that shares a lot of common properties with SVMs. We tested it on a Yeast gene functional classification problem with positive results.
Infertility and the provision of infertility medical services in developing countries (2008)

Although recognizing the importance of education and prevention, we believe that for the reasons of social justice, infertility treatment in developing countries requires greater attention at National and International levels.
User-to-User Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for LTE Cellular System (2016)

Long Term Evolution LTE is the first technology that provides exclusively packet-switched data and modifies the security architecture of the 2G and 3G systems. The LTE security architecture offers confidentiality, access control, a kind of obscurity and mutual authentication. However, numerous types of attacks can be encountered during the mutual authentication process which is a challenge-response based technique. Therefore, a high secure public key algorithm can be implemented to improve the network security services. As the network operator is often considered as not being a highly trusted party and can thus face threats, the communications ends are the only secure parties to provide such security features. This paper pro- poses a secure mutual authentication and key agreement scheme for LTE cellular system with user-to-user security. The network side in this scheme operates as a proxy and non-trusted party to provide the security architecture with more exibility and reliability. This is achieved by using designated verifier proxy signature and key agreement protocol based bilinear pairing with some changes in both security algorithms and LTE security architecture within the LTE standardization. Our security and performance analysis demonstrated that the proposed scheme is more secure compared to the basic authentication and key agreements schemes.
Farnesyl transferase inhibitors cause enhanced mitotic sensitivity to taxol and epothilones (1998)

An important class of cellular proteins, which includes members of the p21ras family, undergoes posttranslational farnesylation, a modification required for their partition to membranes. Specific farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs) have been developed that selectively inhibit the processing of these proteins. FTIs have been shown to be potent inhibitors of tumor cell growth in cell culture and in murine models and at doses that cause little toxicity to the animal. These data suggest that these drugs might be useful therapeutic agents. We now report that, when FTI is combined with some cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs, the effects on tumor cells are additive. No interference is noted. Furthermore, FTI and agents that prevent microtubule depolymerization, such as taxol or epothilones, act synergistically to inhibit cell growth. FTI causes increased sensitivity to induction of metaphase block by these agents, suggesting that a farnesylated protein may regulate the mitotic check point. The findings imply that FTI may be a useful agent for the treatment of tumors with wild-type ras that are sensitive to taxanes.
Jagged-1 mutation analysis in Italian Alagille syndrome patients (1999)

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with developmental abnormalities affecting the liver, heart, eyes, vertebrae, and craniofacial region. The Jagged-1 (JAG1) gene, which encodes a ligand of Notch, has recently been found mutated in AGS. In this study, mutation analysis of the JAG1 gene performed on 20 Italian AGS patients led to the identification of 15 different JAG1 mutations, including a large deletion of the 20p12 region, six frameshift, three nonsense, three splice-site, and two missense mutations. The two novel missense mutations were clustered in the 5' region, while the remaining mutations were scattered throughout the gene. The spectrum of mutations in Italian patients was similar to that previously reported. We also studied in detail a complex splice site mutation, 3332dupl8bp, which was shown to lead to an abnormal JAG1 mRNA, resulting in a premature stop codon. With the exception of the missense mutations, the majority of the JAG1 mutations are therefore likely to produce truncated proteins. Since the phenotype of the patient with a complete deletion of the JAG1 gene is indistinguishable from that of patients with intragenic mutations, our study further supports the hypothesis that haploinsufficiency is the most common mechanism involved in AGS pathogenesis. Furthermore, our data confirmed the absence of a correlation between the genotype of the JAG1 gene and the AGS phenotype.