gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy efficiency of mobile clients in cloud computing (2010)

Energy efficiency is a fundamental consideration for mo-bile devices. Cloud computing has the potential to save mobile client energy but the savings from offloading the computation need to exceed the energy cost of the addi-tional communication. In this paper we provide an analysis of the critical fac-tors affecting the energy consumption of mobile clients in cloud computing. Further, we present our measure-ments about the central characteristics of contemporary mobile handheld devices that define the basic balance be-tween local and remote computing. We also describe a concrete example, which demonstrates energy savings. We show that the trade-offs are highly sensitive to the exact characteristics of the workload, data communica-tion patterns and technologies used, and discuss the im-plications for the design and engineering of energy effi-cient mobile cloud computing solutions. 1
Multi-frequency interrogation techniqueapplied to conductingpolymer gas and odour sensors (1999)

Certain electrically conducting polymers, such as polypyrrole, exhibit reversible changes in their direct current (DC) resistance on exposure to a variety of odours and gases. This phenomenon has immense practical use in a variety of industrial and research environments. Commercially available instruments exploiting this effect employ arrays of conducting polymer sensors, each element of which has broad, but overlapping, specificity to a range of volatiles. The authors show that similar descriptors can be generated by using alternating current (AC) measurements over a wide range of frequencies to follow the changes in electrical characteristics of a single sensor. This approach is shown to give rise to impressive improvements in sensor sensitivity and discrimination.
Effect of scopoletin on PC3 cell proliferation and apoptosis. (2001)

Scopoletin inhibited PC3 proliferation by inducing apoptosis of PC3 cells.
Peripheral Blood and Pleural Fluid Mononuclear Cell Responses to Low-Molecular-Mass Secretory Polypeptides of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Human Models of Immunity to Tuberculosis (2005)

A total of 104 polypeptides were purified from the low-molecular-mass secretory proteome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv using a combination of anion exchange column chromatography and high resolution preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by electroelution. The goal of this study was to identify polypeptides from a low-molecular-mass secretory proteome recognized by human subjects infected with M. tuberculosis and to ascertain the differences in specificity of antigen recognition by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and pleural fluid mononuclear cells (PFMCs) of these individuals. The study identified CFP-8 (Rv0496), CFP-11 (Rv2433c), CFP-14.5 (Rv2445c), and CFP-31 (Rv0831c) as novel T-cell antigens apart from previously characterized ESAT-6, TB10.4, CFP10, GroES, MTSP14, MTSP17, CFP21, MPT64, Ag85A, and Ag85B on the basis of recognition by PBMCs of tuberculosis contacts and treated tuberculosis patients. Further, polypeptides prominently recognized by PFMCs of tuberculous pleurisy patients were the same as those recognized by PBMCs of healthy contacts and treated tuberculosis patients. The results of our study indicate the homogeneity of antigenic target recognition by lymphocytes at the site of infection and at the periphery in the human subjects studied and the need to evaluate these antigenic targets as components of future antituberculous vaccines.
Role of the Disulfide Cleavage Induced Molten Globule State of Type A Botulinum Neurotoxin in Its Endopeptidase Activity (2001)

Botulinum neurotoxins are produced by anaerobic Clostridium botulinum in an inactive form. The endopeptidase activity of type A botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/A) is triggered by reduction of its disulfide bond between its heavy chain and light chain. By using circular dichroism spectroscopy, we show that, upon reduction of BoNT/A and under physiological temperature (37 degrees C), the BoNT/A loses most of its native tertiary structure, while retaining most of its secondary structure. This type of structure is characterized as a molten globule type conformation, which was further confirmed for BoNT/A by the characteristic binding of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid. Under nonreducing conditions where the interchain disulfide bond is intact, the enzymatically inactive BoNT/A did not show a molten globule type of structure. A temperature profile of the structure and enzyme activity of BoNT/A revealed that, under reducing conditions, there was a strong correlation in the existence of the molten globule structure and optimum endopeptidase activity at about 37 degrees C.
Zernike Circle Polynomials and Optical Aberrations of Systems with Circular Pupils (1994)

Zernike circle polynomials, their numbering scheme, and relationship to balanced optical aberrations of systems with circular pupils are discussed.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Review of 306 Consecutively Treated Surgical Patients (1993)

Three hundred six consecutively treated surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were evaluated from a group of 415 patients. One hundred nine patients were excluded because they failed to obtain a postoperative polysomnogram or were lost to followup. All patients received a physical examination, cephalometric analysis, fiberoptic examination, and polysomnography before treatment to document OSAS and determine the areas of obstruction. A two-phase surgical protocol was used for the reconstruction of the upper airway. Phase I surgery consisted of a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for palatal obstruction and genioglossus advancement with hyoid myotomy-suspension for base of tongue obstruction. Failures of phase I were offered phase 2 reconstruction, which consisted of maxillary-mandibular advancement osteotomy. One hundred twenty-one patients were treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) before surgery and this was the primary method of evaluating surgical success. Results were reported on the polysomnogram performed a minimum of 6 months after surgery and compared to the preoperative polysomnogram and the second night nasal CPAP study. The polysomnographic results included respiratory disturbance index (RDI), lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (LSAT), and sleep architecture parameters. Surgery was considered a success if it was equivalent to nasal CPAP or the postoperative RDI was less than 20 with normal oxygenation. The overall success rate, which included patients that dropped from the protocol, was 76.5%, with a mean followup of 9.3 months (SD, 6.7). The preoperative RDI, nasal CPAP RDI, and postoperative RDI were 55.8 (SD, 26.7), 7.2 (SD, 5.4), and 9.2 (SD, 7.5), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Molecular diversity of Escherichia coli in the human gut: New ecological evidence supporting the role of adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) in Crohnʼs disease (2009)

New data about ecological parameters of AIEC reinforces the implication of AIEC in CD.
Impact of PKM Linkers on Biodistribution Characteristics of the 99mTc-Labeled Cyclic RGDfK Dimer (2006)

This report describes synthesis of three new cyclic RGDfK peptide conjugates, HYNIC-PKM-SU016 (PKM = E, K and PEG4) and in vivo evaluation of the impact of PKM linkers on biodistribution characteristics of their ternary ligand complexes [99mTc(HYNIC-PKM-SU016)1(tricine)(TPPTS)] in athymic nude mice bearing the MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer xenografts. Results from biodistribution studies show that PKM linkers have minimal impact on the integrin alphavbeta3 binding capability of radiotracers. Even though they have different charges under physiological conditions, all three linkers (E, K, and PEG4) are able to reduce the uptake of 99mTc-labeled E[c(RGDfK)]2 in blood, kidneys, liver, and lungs, and increase target-to-background (T/B) ratios at >30 min postinjection. E and K may have advantages over PEG4 due to a combination of relatively low liver uptake and high tumor/liver and tumor/lung ratios of ternary ligand complexes [99mTc(HYNIC-PKM-SU016)(tricine)(TPPTS)] (PKM = E and K).
HARMONY: Efficiently Mining the Best Rules for Classification (2005)

Many studies have shown that rule-based classifiers perform well in classifying categorical and sparse high-dimensional databases. However, a fundamental limitation with many rule-based classifiers is that they find the rules by employing various heuristic methods to prune the search space, and select the rules based on the sequential database covering paradigm. As a result, the final set of rules that they use may not be the globally best rules for some instances in the training database. To make matters worse, these algorithms fail to fully exploit some more effective search space pruning methods in order to scale to large databases. In this paper we present a new classifier, HARMONY, which directly mines the final set of classification rules. HARMONY uses an instance-centric rule-generation approach and it can assure for each training instance, one of the highest-confidence rules covering this instance is included in the final rule set, which helps in improving the overall accuracy of the classifier. By introducing several novel search strategies and pruning methods into the rule discovery process, HARMONY also has high efficiency and good scalability. Our thorough performance study with some large text and categorical databases has shown that HARMONY outperforms many well-known classifiers in terms of both accuracy and computational efficiency, and scales well w.r.t. the database size.
A family of secreted proteins contains homology to the cysteine-rich ligand-binding domain of frizzled receptors (1997)

This paper describes the identification of a new family of mammalian genes that encode secreted proteins containing homology to the cysteine-rich ligand-binding domain found in the frizzled family of transmembrane receptors. The secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) are approximately 30 kDa in size, and each contains a putative signal sequence, a frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain, and a conserved hydrophilic carboxy-terminal domain. The sFRPs are not the products of differential splicing of the known frizzled genes. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored derivatives of sFRP-2 and sFRP-3 produced in transfected human embryonic kidney cells confer cell-surface binding by the Drosophila Wingless protein. These observations suggest that sFRPs may function in vivo to modulate Wnt signaling, or, alternatively, as novel ligands for as yet unidentified receptors.
CC‐chemokine ligand 17 gene therapy induces tumor regression through augmentation of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in a murine model of preexisting CT26 colon carcinoma (2007)

Chemokines, which regulate leukocyte trafficking and infiltration of local sites, are attractive candidates for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by enhancing the accumulation of immune cells in tumor tissue. Herein, we evaluated the antitumor effects of intratumoral injection of RGD fiber-mutant adenoviral vectors (AdRGDs) encoding the chemokines CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, CCL27, XCL1 or CX3CL1 in a murine model of preexisting CT26 colon carcinoma. Among these 8 chemokine-expressing AdRGDs, injection of AdRGD-CCL17 most effectively induced tumor regression and generated specific immunity in rechallenge experiments. Tumor elimination activity by intratumoral injection of AdRGD-CCL17 depended on both the vector dose and the number of injections, and mainly required CD8+ CTLs in an effector phase as confirmed by analysis using BALB/c nude mice and an in vivo depletion assay. In addition, CCL17 gene transduction induced significant increases in the number of infiltrating macrophages and CD8+ T cells in CT26 tumors, and changed the tumor microenvironment to an immunologic activation state in which there was enhanced expression of lymphocyte activation markers and cell adhesion molecules. Thus, our data provide evidence that CCL17 gene transduction of local tumor sites is a promising approach for the development of a cancer immunogene therapy that can recruit activated tumor-infiltrating immune effector cells.
[Molecular pathology of retinitis pigmentosa]. (2002)

So far, a variety of abnormalities of the genes causing RP have been identified. However, further studies of the relationship between the abnormalities and clinical expression are needed for better understanding of the pathophysiology of RP.
A de novo 1.5 Mb microdeletion on chromosome 14q23.2‐23.3 in a patient with autism and spherocytosis (2011)

Autism is a neuro-developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication as well as restricted interests or repetitive behaviors. Cytogenetic studies have implicated large chromosomal aberrations in the etiology of approximately 5-7% of autism patients, and the recent advent of array-based techniques allows the exploration of submicroscopic copy number variations (CNVs). We genotyped a 14-year-old boy with autism, spherocytosis and other physical dysmorphia, his parents, and two non-autistic siblings with the Illumina Human 1M Beadchip as part of a study of the molecular genetics of autism and determined copy number variants using the PennCNV algorithm. We identified and validated a de novo 1.5 Mb microdeletion of 14q23.2-23.3 in our autistic patient. This region contains 15 genes, including spectrin beta (SPTB), encoding a cytoskeletal protein previously associated with spherocytosis, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1), a folate metabolizing enzyme previously associated with bipoloar disorder and schizophrenia, pleckstrin homology domain-containing family G member 3 (PLEKHG3), a guanide nucleotide exchange enriched in the brain, and churchill domain containing protein 1 (CHURC1), homologs of which regulate neuronal development in model organisms. While a similar deletion has previously been reported in a family with spherocytosis, severe learning disabilities, and mild mental retardation, this is the first implication of chr14q23.2-23.3 in the etiology of autism and points to MTHFD1, PLEKHG3, and CHURC1 as potential candidate genes contributing to autism risk.
Parathyroid Hormone-Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein Receptor Messenger RNA Is Present in Many Tissues besides the Kidney (1993)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts on a large number of cells derived from many different tissues that are not traditional targets (kidney and bone) for their action. Also, the acute exposure of many of these cells to PTH resulted in the generation of cAMP. These observations are consistent with the presence of PTH receptors on these cells. However, there is no evidence that the cells that are not traditional targets for PTH, express the receptor of the hormone. The cloning of the PTH-PTH related protein (PTH-PTHrP) receptor provided the tool to examine whether these cells contain the mRNA for this receptor. Poly A+RNA from a variety of rat tissues was probed with a 1,200-bp fragment of the cDNA of the PTH-PTHrP receptor by the Northern blot technique. We found that mRNA for the PTH-PTHrP receptor is present in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Transcripts of 2.4 kb were found in all these tissues with the strongest expression in the kidney. In addition, smaller RNAs were detected in the kidney (approximately 1.8 kb) and testis (1.5 kb). These results indicate that many cell types express the PTH-PTHrP receptor gene. The data provide a possible explanation for the direct effects of PTH on so many cells and for the understanding of the harmful effects of chronic excess of PTH on the function of many organs in chronic renal failure.
Relative Rates of Michael Reactions of 2‘-(Phenethyl)thiol with Vinyl Sulfones, Vinyl Sulfonate Esters, and Vinyl Sulfonamides Relevant to Vinyl Sulfonyl Cysteine Protease Inhibitors (2003)

[reaction: see text] The relative rates of Michael additions of 2'-(phenethyl)thiol to representative vinyl sulfonyl Michael acceptors were measured. The dependence of the reactivity of the Michael acceptor on the nature of the sulfonyl R substituent was determined in order to evaluate the effect of these substituents on the inactivation kinetics of comparably substituted vinyl sulfonyl cysteine protease inhibitors. The rates of these Michael additions vary over 3 orders of magnitude, with phenyl vinyl sulfonate esters (R = OPh) being ca. 3000-fold more reactive than N-benzyl vinyl sulfonamides (R = NHBn).
Optimal control and quantum simulations in superconducting quantum devices (2014)

Quantum optimal control theory is the science of steering quantum systems. In this thesis we show how to overcome the obstacles in implementing optimal control for superconducting quantum bits, a promising candidate for the creation of a quantum computer. Building such a device will require the tools of optimal control. We develop pulse shapes to solve a frequency crowding problem and create controlled-Z gates. A methodology is developed for the ptimisation towards a target non-unitary process. We show how to tune-up control pulses for a generic quantum system in an automated way using a combination of open- and closed-loop optimal control. This will help scaling of quantum technologies since algorithms can calibrate control pulses far more efficiently than humans. Additionally we show how circuit QED can be brought to the novel regime of multi-mode ultrastrong coupling using a left-handed transmission line coupled to a right-handed one. We then propose to use this system as an analogue quantum simulator for the Spin-Boson model to show how dissipation arises in quantum systems.
Tissue Distribution of 111In-Labeled Uricase Conjugated with Charged Dextrans and Polyethylene Glycol. (1991)

Uricase (UC) was conjugated with dextran, cationic diethylaminoethyl-dextran (DEAED), and anionic carboxymethyl-dextran (CMD) giving a molecular weight of 10000 by the periodate oxidation method. Their disposition characteristics were studied after intravenous injection (i.v.) in mice. Disposition of the conjugate with activated polyethylene glycol (PEG2) with a similar molecular weight was also studied for comparison. Tissue distribution of the 111In-labeled UC in these conjugates was evaluated by a tissue uptake clearance index calculated in terms of clearance. After i.v. injection, 111In-UC was slowly eliminated from the circulation and gradually accumulated in the liver, spleen, and kidney. Conjugation with neutral dextran slightly enhanced the uptake of 111In-UC by the liver and spleen, while PEG2 conjugation decreased the tissue uptake and resulted in extremely long plasma retention. On the other hand, DEAED and CMD conjugation resulted in significant enhancement and reduction of hepatic uptake, respectively. These results demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic behaviour of UC can be widely controlled by chemical modification with macromolecules having adequate physiochemical properties.
청소년지도자의 다문화경험, 다문화태도, 공감능력, 다문화행동의도의 구조적 관계와 직접 매개효과 분석 (2020)

본 연구의 목적은 청소년지도자의 다문화행동의도에 영향을 미치는 다문화경험, 다문화태도, 공감능력의 구조적 관계와 구조적 관계에서 나타나는 주요변인의 직접효과와 매개효과를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 구조적 관계 모형의 적합성(가설 1), 다문화경험가 다문화태도 및 다문화행동의도에 미치는 직접효과(가설 2, 3), 다문화태도의 다문화행동의도에 대한 직접효과(가설 4), 다문화경험과 다문화태도 및 다문화행동의도 사이에서 공감능력의 매개효과(가설 5, 6), 다문화경험과 다문화행동의도 간 다문화태도의 매개효과(가설 7), 공감능력과 다문화태도의 매개효과 차이(가설 8)와 같은 8개의 가설을 설정하였다. 설문지를 측정도구로 청소년시설에 근무하는 청소년지도자를 임의표집과 눈덩이표집을 혼합하여 선정하여 190명의 응답자료를 수집하였다. 6명의 이상치를 제외한 184명의 결과치를 SPSS 23.0과 AMOS 20.0을 통해 기술통계량, 측정모델, 연구모델을 분석하여 가설을 검증하였다. 검증 결과 가설 3은 기각되었고 나머지 가설은 모두 채택되었다. 연구 결과는 다문화경험을 독립변수, 다문화태도와 공감능력을 매개변수로 하여 청소년지도자의 다문화행동의도를 증진시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세부적으로는 다문화경험 또는 다문화태도를 통해 다문화행동의도를 증진시킬 수 있고, 다문화경험을 통해 다문화행동의도를 증진시키고자 할 때 공감능력 및 다문화태도가 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 다문화태도를 증진시키고자 할 때 공감능력도 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 공감능력 및 다문화태도의 매개효과 중 다문화태도의 효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이런 연구 결과는 청소년지도자의 다문화행동의도를 증진시키고자 하는 교육과 정책에 시사하는 바가 크다. 향후 청소년지도자의 다문화역량 관련 정책과 교육에서 적극 활용될 필요가 있다.
Effect of chronic treatment with three varieties of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on reproductive parameters and DNA quantification in adult male rats (2007)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effect of different varieties of Lepidium meyenii (Red Maca, Yellow Maca and Black Maca). Male rats were treated by gavage with aqueous extract of each variety of maca equivalent to 1 g hypocotyl kg(-1) body weight (BW) for 84 days. At the end of the treatment, daily sperm production (DSP), epididymal sperm count (ESC) and sperm count in vas deferens (SCVD) were assessed. In addition, testis DNA quantification was also determined. Any toxic effect was assessed in liver and spleen by histological studies. The results indicate that Yellow Maca and Black Maca improved ESC and that three varieties of maca increased the SCVD without affecting DSP. Moreover, testis DNA levels were not affected by treatment with any of the three varieties of maca. Histological picture of the liver in animals treated with the three varieties of maca was similar to that observed in controls. In conclusion, Yellow and Black Maca increased epididymal sperm count after 84 days of treatment without affecting DSP. Maca seems to act as a modulator of sperm count at the reproductive tract level.
A novel adenovirus of Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) (2010)

Adenoviruses (AdV) broadly infect vertebrate hosts including a variety of primates. We identified a novel AdV in the feces of captive gorillas by isolation in cell culture, electron microscopy and PCR. From the supernatants of infected cultures we amplified DNA polymerase (DPOL), preterminal protein (pTP) and hexon gene sequences with generic pan primate AdV PCR assays. The sequences in-between were amplified by long-distance PCRs of 2-10 kb length, resulting in a final sequence of 15.6 kb. Phylogenetic analysis placed the novel gorilla AdV into a cluster of primate AdVs belonging to the species Human adenovirus B (HAdV-B). Depending on the analyzed gene, its position within the cluster was variable. To further elucidate its origin, feces samples of wild gorillas were analyzed. AdV hexon sequences were detected which are indicative for three distinct and novel gorilla HAdV-B viruses, among them a virus nearly identical to the novel AdV isolated from captive gorillas. This shows that the discovered virus is a member of a group of HAdV-B viruses that naturally infect gorillas. The mixed phylogenetic clusters of gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo and human AdVs within the HAdV-B species indicate that host switches may have been a component of the evolution of human and non-human primate HAdV-B viruses.
Identification through chemical cross-linking of distinct granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 receptors on myeloid leukemic cells, KG-1 (1989)

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) each bind specifically to a small number of high- affinity receptors present on the surface of the cells of the acute myelogenous leukemia line, KG-1. Through chemical cross-linking of IL-3 and GM-CSF to KG-1 cells, we identified distinct binding proteins for each of these cytokines with approximate molecular masses of 69 and 93 Kd, respectively. Although these two binding proteins are distinct, GM- CSF and IL-3 compete with each other for binding to KG-1 cells. Other cell lines, which express receptors for either factor but not for both do not display this cross-competition for binding with IL-3 and GM-CSF. These findings imply that distinct IL-3 and GM-CSF binding proteins are expressed on the cell surface and that an association exists between these proteins on KG-1 cells.
Aerogenic BCG Vaccination Against Tuberculosis in Animal and Human Subjects (1968)

(1968). Aerogenic BCG Vaccination Against Tuberculosis in Animal and Human Subjects. Journal of Asthma Research: Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 309-323.