gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental control of H+/amino acid permease gene expression during seed development of Arabidopsis (1998)

Long distance transport of amino acids is mediated by several families of differentially expressed amino acid transporters. The two genes AAP1 and AAP2 encode broad specificity H(+)-amino acid co-transporters and are expressed to high levels in siliques of Arabidopsis, indicating a potential role in supplying the seeds with organic nitrogen. The expression of both genes is developmentally controlled and is strongly induced in siliques at heart stage of embryogenesis, shortly before induction of storage protein genes. Histochemical analysis of transgenic plants expressing promoter-GUS fusions shows that the genes have nonoverlapping expression patterns in siliques. AAP1 is expressed in the endosperm and the cotyledons whereas AAP2 is expressed in the vascular strands of siliques and in funiculi. The endosperm expression of AAP1 during early stages of seed development indicates that the endosperm serves as a transient storage tissue for organic nitrogen. Amino acids are transported in both xylem and phloem but during seed filling are imported only via the phloem. AAP2, which is expressed in the phloem of stems and in the veins supplying seeds, may function in uptake of amino acids assimilated in the green silique tissue, in the retrieval of amino acids leaking passively out of the phloem and in xylem-to-phloem transfer along the path. The promoters provide excellent tools to study developmental, hormonal and metabolic control of nitrogen nutrition during development and may help to manipulate the timing and composition of amino acid import into seeds.
Osteoblasts synthesize and respond to transforming growth factor-type beta (TGF-beta) in vitro. (1987)

Transforming growth factor-type beta (TGF-beta) has been identified as a constituent of bone matrix (Seyedin, S. M., A. Y. Thompson, H. Bentz, D. M. Rosen, J. M. McPherson, A. Conti, N. R. Siegel, G. R. Gallupi, and K. A. Piez, 1986, J. Biol. Chem. 261:5693-5695). We used both developing bone and bone-forming cells in vitro to demonstrate the cellular origin of this peptide. TGF-beta mRNA was detected by Northern analysis in both developing bone tissue and fetal bovine bone-forming cells using human cDNA probes. TGF-beta was shown to be synthesized and secreted by metabolically labeled bone cell cultures by immunoprecipitation from the medium. Further, TGF-beta activity was demonstrated in conditioned media from these cultures by competitive radioreceptor and growth promotion assays. Fetal bovine bone cells (FBBC) were found to have relatively few TGF-beta receptors (5,800/cell) with an extremely low Kd of 2.2 pM (high binding affinity). In contrast to its inhibitory effects on the growth of many cell types including osteosarcoma cell lines, TGF-beta stimulated the growth of subconfluent cultures of FBBC; it had little effect on the production of collagen by these cells. We conclude that bone-forming cells are a source for the TGF-beta that is found in bone, and that these cells may be modulated by this factor in an autocrine fashion.
Cloning, sequencing, and chromosomal localization of human term placental alkaline phosphatase cDNA. (1985)

A human term (third trimester) placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP; EC 3.1.3.1) cDNA was isolated from a human placental lambda gt11 cDNA library. The expression library was screened by using rabbit antibodies against PLAP and oligonucleotide probes. DNA sequence analysis of a positive clone with an insert of 2.7 kilobase pairs allowed us to predict the complete amino acid sequence of PLAP (530 residues), which coincided with the reported 42 N-terminal amino acid sequence of PLAP except at position 3. Contrary to the previous supposition that there was no amino acid sequence homology between PLAP and Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase (471 residues), we found 30% overall homology, with regions of strong homology including the putative active site and the metal-binding sites. The 44-residue C-terminal extension of PLAP has a stretch of 17 hydrophobic amino acids, which presumably anchors the protein to the plasma membrane, a change perhaps necessary for the transition from a bacterial periplasmic enzyme to a mammalian membrane-associated enzyme. We have also localized PLAP-related DNA sequences mainly on chromosome 2 and to a lesser degree on chromosome 17. It seems likely therefore that the PLAP gene resides on chromosome 2 and other member(s) of the alkaline phosphatase family may exist (on this chromosome and) on chromosome 17.
Pyruvate decarboxylase from Kluyveromyces lactis (2002)

Pyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1) was isolated and purified from the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. The properties of this enzyme relating to the native oligomeric state, the subunit size, the nucleotide sequence of the coding gene(s), the catalytic activity, and protein fluorescence as well as circular dichroism are very similar to those of the well characterized pyruvate decarboxylase species from yeast. Remarkable differences were found in the substrate activation behaviour of the two pyruvate decarboxylases using three independent methods: steady-state kinetics, stopped-flow measurements, and kinetic dilution experiments. The dependence of the observed activation rate constant on the substrate concentration of pyruvate decarboxylase from K. lactis showed a minimum at a pyruvate concentration of 1.5 mm. According to the mechanism of substrate activation suggested this local minimum occurs due to the big ratio of the dissociation constants for the binding of the first (regulatory) and the second (catalytic) substrate molecule. The microscopic rate constants of the substrate activation could be determined by a refined fit procedure. The influence of the artificial activator pyruvamide on the activation of the enzyme was studied.
Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule 1 and Incidence of Heart Failure in Elderly men (2012)

Our findings suggest that kidney tubular damage predisposes to an increased risk for heart failure in the community. Further studies are needed to clarify the causal role of KIM-1 in the development of heart failure, and to evaluate the clinical utility of urinary KIM-1 measurements.
Gene Transfer to Respiratory Epithelial Cells via the Receptor-mediated Endocytosis Pathway (1992)

Gene-based therapies for a variety of inherited and acquired pulmonary diseases will require the development of vectors capable of safe and efficient transfer of DNA to the respiratory epithelium. The present study examined the feasibility of delivering DNA to respiratory epithelial cells by the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. This strategy employs molecular conjugates consisting of a cognate moiety, in this case human transferrin, covalently linked to a DNA-binding moiety, such as a cationic polyamine. Complexes were formed between transferrin-polylysine conjugates (hTfpL) and plasmid DNA carrying the firefly luciferase reporter gene (pRSVL). The conjugate-DNA complexes were added directly to cells in tissue culture and incubated for 24 h, after which cell lysates were analyzed for luciferase enzyme activity by luminometry. An immortalized human respiratory epithelial cell line (HBE1) treated with the transferrin-polylysine-DNA complexes exhibited luciferase enzyme activity significantly augmented over background levels. This respiratory epithelial cell line exhibited greater susceptibility to gene transfer by the transferrin-polylysine conjugates than did non-respiratory epithelial cell lines known to possess high levels of transferrin receptors. Effective gene transfer was shown to require both the DNA-binding moiety and cognate moiety for the cell surface receptor. Specific internalization of the conjugates by the transferrin pathway was verified by competition for the transferrin receptor. In addition, treatment with agents that either increased transferrin receptor number or decreased lysosomal degradation markedly augmented gene expression mediated by the conjugates. Thus, respiratory epithelial cells possess receptors for transferrin that can be exploited to accomplish gene transfer by the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway.
Micromagnetic study of switching speed in perpendicular recording media (2001)

Switching speed in perpendicular recording media has been studied from micromagnetic simulations, by applying a uniform reversal field to an array of magnetic grains. Increasing the damping constant reduces the switching time, but a weak exchange interaction leads to an increase in the switching time. A linear relationship is found between the switching time and the head field rise time for different field strengths, damping constants and weak exchanges. A 20/spl deg/ field angle to the perpendicular direction substantially improves the switching speed.
Binding of Clostridium botulinum Type C and D Neurotoxins to Ganglioside and Phospholipid (2005)

Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) act on nerve endings to block acetylcholine release. Their potency is due to their enzymatic activity and selective high affinity binding to neurons. Although there are many pieces of data available on the receptor for BoNT, little attempt has been made to characterize the receptors for BoNT/C and BoNT/D. For this purpose, we prepared the recombinant carboxyl-terminal domain of the heavy chain (H(C)) and then examined its binding capability to rat brain synaptosomes treated with enzymes and heating. Synaptosomes treated with proteinase K or heating retained binding capability to both H(C)/C and H(C)/D, suggesting that a proteinaceous substance does not constitute the receptor component. We next performed a thin layer chromatography overlay assay of H(C) with a lipid extract of synaptosomes. Under physiological or higher ionic strengths, H(C)/C bound to gangliosides GD1b and GT1b. These data are in accord with results showing that neuraminidase and endoglycoceramidase treatment decreased H(C)/C binding to synaptosomes. On the other hand, H(C)/D interacted with phosphatidylethanolamine but not with any ganglioside. Using cerebellar granule cells obtained from GM3 synthase knock-out mice, we found that BoNT/C did not elicit a toxic effect but that BoNT/D still inhibited glutamate release to the same extent as in granule cells from wild type mice. These observations suggested that BoNT/C recognized GD1b and GT1b as functional receptors, whereas BoNT/D induced toxicity in a ganglioside-independent manner, possibly through binding to phosphatidylethanolamine. Our results provide novel insights into the receptor for clostridial neurotoxin.
Absorption spectrum and decay kinetics of O2- and HO2 in aqueous solutions by pulse radiolysis (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsorption spectrum and decay kinetics of O2- and HO2 in aqueous solutions by pulse radiolysisJoseph Rabani and Sigurd O. NielsenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 11, 3736–3744Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100845a030https://doi.org/10.1021/j100845a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations198LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
In vivo imaging of colitis and colon cancer development in mice using high resolution chromoendoscopy (2005)

In summary, chromoendoscopy in mice allows monitoring of the development of colitis and colon cancer with high resolution. Manipulations such as local injection of reagents or taking biopsies can be performed easily.
An Arabidopsis MADS Box Gene That Controls Nutrient-Induced Changes in Root Architecture (1998)

The development of plant root systems is sensitive to the availability and distribution of nutrients within the soil. For example, lateral roots proliferate preferentially within nitrate (NO3-)-rich soil patches. A NO3--inducible Arabidopsis gene (ANR1), was identified that encodes a member of the MADS box family of transcription factors. Transgenic plants in which ANR1 was repressed had an altered sensitivity to NO3- and no longer responded to NO3--rich zones by lateral root proliferation, indicating that ANR1 is a key determinant of developmental plasticity in Arabidopsis roots.
Joint optimization of layout and litho for SRAM and logic towards the 20nm node using 193i (2011)

This paper reports on a simulation study in which we compare different possibilities to find a litho solution for SRAM and Logic for planar technology nodes between 28 nm and 20 nm, using 193 nm immersion lithography. At these nodes, it becomes essential to include the layout itself into the optimization process. The so-called gridded layout style is an attractive candidate to facilitate the printability of several layers, but the benefit of this style, as compared to less restricted layout styles, is not well quantified for the various technology nodes of interest. We therefore compare it with two other, less restricted, layout styles, on an identical (small) SRAM-Logic test chip. Exploring a number of paths in the layout-style - litho-options search space, we try to quantify merits and trade-offs for some of the relevant options. We will show that layout restrictions are really becoming mandatory for the technology nodes studied in this paper. Other important enablers for these aggressive nodes are multiple patterning, the use of a local-interconnect layer, negative-tone development, SMO and the use of optimized free-form illumination sources (from which we also include a few initial wafer results).
Genome-based peptide fingerprint scanning (2002)

We have implemented a method that identifies the genomic origins of sample proteins by scanning their peptide-mass fingerprint against the theoretical translation and proteolytic digest of an entire genome. Unlike previously reported techniques, this method requires no predefined ORF or protein annotations. Fixed-size windows along the genome sequence are scored by an equation accounting for the number of matching peptides, the number of missed enzymatic cleavages in each peptide, the number of in-frame stop codons within a window, the adjacency between peptides, and duplicate peptide matches. Statistical significance of matching regions is assessed by comparing their scores to scores from windows matching randomly generated mass data. Tests with samples from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria and Escherichia coli have demonstrated the ability to produce statistically significant identifications, agreeing with two commonly used programs, peptident and mascot, in 86% of samples analyzed. This genome fingerprint scanning method has the potential to aid in genome annotation, identify proteins for which annotation is incorrect or missing, and handle cases where sequencing errors have caused framing mistakes in the databases. It might also aid in the identification of proteins in which recoding events such as frameshifting or stop-codon read-through have occurred, elucidating alternative translation mechanisms. The prototype is implemented as a clientserver pair, allowing the distribution, among a set of cluster nodes, of a single or multiple genomes for concurrent analysis.
Temporary increase in plasma membrane tension coordinates the activation of exocytosis and contraction during cell spreading (2011)

Cell migration and spreading involve the coordination of membrane trafficking, actomyosin contraction, and modifications to plasma membrane tension and area. The biochemical or biophysical basis for this coordination is however unknown. In this study, we show that during cell spreading, lamellipodia protrusion flattens plasma membrane folds and blebs and, once the plasma membrane area is depleted, there is a temporary increase in membrane tension by over twofold that is followed by activation of exocytosis and myosin contraction. Further, an artificial increase in plasma membrane tension stopped lamellipodia protrusion and activated an exocytotic burst. Subsequent decrease in tension restored spreading with activation of contraction. Conversely, blebbistatin inhibition of actomyosin contraction resulted in an even greater increase in plasma membrane tension and exocytosis activation. This spatiotemporal synchronization indicates that membrane tension is the signal that coordinates membrane trafficking, actomyosin contraction, and plasma membrane area change. We suggest that cells use plasma membrane tension as a global physical parameter to control cell motility.
NVX-CoV2373 vaccine protects cynomolgus macaque upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2 challenge (2020)

There is an urgent need for a safe and protective vaccine to control the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 and prevent COVID-19. Here, we report the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) produced from the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein stabilized in the prefusion conformation. Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) immunized with NVX-CoV2373 and the saponin-based Matrix-M™ adjuvant induced anti-S antibody that was neutralizing and blocked binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Following intranasal and intratracheal challenge with SARS-CoV-2, immunized macaques were protected against upper and lower infection and pulmonary disease. These results support ongoing phase 1/2 clinical studies of the safety and immunogenicity of NVX-CoV2327 vaccine (NCT04368988).
Prognostic impact of circulating tumor cells assessed with the CellSearch System™ and AdnaTest Breast™ in metastatic breast cancer patients: the DETECT study (2012)

Current Controlled Trials Registry number ISRCTN59722891.
Development of sensor based front end collision avoidance system for highways (2015)

Potential of hazards due to collision between the automobiles are severe and often life threatening. The reason found for collision in most of the cases was inattention of the driver due to long and exhausting drive. The chances of front end collision thus become unavoidable in highways. Front end collision avoidance system (FECAS) work independently and is designed to reduce the speed of a vehicle automatically on probability of potential crash. The work done on FECAS for minimizing the chances of collision is presented here. The work focuses on the collision avoidance between the two vehicles moving one after another by detecting the position of the preceding vehicle and controlling the speed of the host vehicle that carries the FECAS. A fusion of sensors was used to get the information about the position and speed of the preceding vehicle. Speed of the host vehicle was gradually or immediately reduced accordingly. Virtual system modeling was carried out and tested with hardware in loop simulation for sensors and actuation performance. Finally, the FECAS was incorporated on scaled model of a car and tested in the real environment. Successful controlling of the car was achieved under all conditions. The car came to complete halt at a distance varying between 0.65 m to 2.5 m and no incidence of collision occurred when the car was in the critical zone.
Reduced interferon gamma production by antigen‐stimulated cord blood mononuclear cells is a risk factor of allergic disorders — 6‐year follow‐up study (1998)

Reduced IFN-gamma production by antigen-stimulated CBMCs is a risk factor of allergic disorders.
Time-stretched analogue-to-digital conversion (1998)

A new concept for analogue-to-digital conversion (ADC) is proposed and demonstrated. The analogue signal is stretched in time prior to sampling and quantisation. Time stretching increases the input bandwidth and sampling rate of the ADC and is best implemented using optoelectronic techniques.
A client oriented, IP level redirection mechanism (1999)

This paper introduces a new approach for implementing transparent client access to network services. Ever increasing load on the Internet has made it essential to design services that are fast, reliable, easily manageable, transparent to access, and that can scale gracefully with load. A common way of achieving this has been replicating services across multiple servers and redirecting clients to different servers depending upon various criteria. Existing schemes are either entirely server or network based. This scheme involves the client network layer actively in redirection. The paper describes the redirection protocol in detail and a FreeBSD based implementation of a testbed. The performance of the mechanism is measured by experiments on the testbed and analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of client based network level redirection are discussed and some useful applications that it enables are described.
Beyond Nyquist: Efficient Sampling of Sparse Bandlimited Signals (2010)

Wideband analog signals push contemporary analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) systems to their performance limits. In many applications, however, sampling at the Nyquist rate is inefficient because the signals of interest contain only a small number of significant frequencies relative to the band limit, although the locations of the frequencies may not be known a priori. For this type of sparse signal, other sampling strategies are possible. This paper describes a new type of data acquisition system, called a random demodulator, that is constructed from robust, readily available components. Let K denote the total number of frequencies in the signal, and let W denote its band limit in hertz. Simulations suggest that the random demodulator requires just O(K log(W/K)) samples per second to stably reconstruct the signal. This sampling rate is exponentially lower than the Nyquist rate of W hertz. In contrast to Nyquist sampling, one must use nonlinear methods, such as convex programming, to recover the signal from the samples taken by the random demodulator. This paper provides a detailed theoretical analysis of the system's performance that supports the empirical observations.
A robust software barcode reader using the Hough transform (2003)

Nowadays barcodes are used in many different applications and environments. For most applications, such as access control, price calculation, etc., a handheld scanner is enough, but in other environments where the volume of information is very high and time is critical, hardware scanners aren't the best choice. In such situations, a powerful software barcode reader can process the barcode readers present in a scanned document without human interaction. The most commonly approach used to implement this kind of software scanners is to simulate the handheld scanner behavior by tracing one or more lines (the hardware laser beam) and measure the width of the barcode's lines and spaces. These methods present a serious handicap, since they are highly sensitive to eventual noise (human signatures, marks) that can be present in a code. In this paper we present a method based on the Hough transform which solves the aforementioned problem, and that can be easily adapted to read any 1D barcode.