gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TARGETING OF ANTIHAPTEN ANTIBODIES TO ACTIVATED T CELLS VIA AN IL-2-HAPTEN CONJUGATE PROLONGS CARDIAC GRAFT SURVIVAL1 (1996)

Antihapten antibodies binding to ligand-hapten conjugates are able to mediate complement mediated lysis in vitro. Based on this observation we propose a new in vivo immunotherapy using molecules that combine a low molecular weight hapten binding to antibodies preexisting in serum and a cell specific ligand. The ligand-hapten conjugates are potential cytotoxic drugs which may (1) be specific for a given target cell, (2) be nonimmunogenic, (3) be of low molecular weight, (4) form soluble complexes with preexisting antibodies resulting in prolonged half life of the drug, and (5) induce a potent antibody mediated rejection of target cells. These novel compounds could be useful for the elimination of certain cell subsets involved in allograft rejection, cancers, infectious diseases, etc., without some of the pitfalls of conventional immunotherapies. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated in an animal model using a compound consisting of one interleukin 2 and one fluorescein molecule (IL-2-FITC). BALB/c mice (H2d) previously immunized and expressing anti-FITC antibodies were transplanted with a fully mismatched C57BL/6 (H2b) heterotopic heart allograft. Untreated controls rejected their graft by day 9 (MSD = 9 +/- 0.7). Mice with preexisting anti-FITC antibodies treated with IL-2-FITC maintained their grafts for 38.7 +/- 7.1 days (P < 0.02). No prolongation of graft survival was observed in immunized animals that were treated with IL-2 alone (MSD = 10 +/- 1.4). Nonimmunized animals treated with IL-2-FITC rejected their grafts on day 9.4 +/- 1.1. This demonstrates that IL-2-FITC therapy specifically prolonged graft survival in animals with circulating anti-FITC antibodies. The data suggest that a ligand/hapten pair can redirect preexisting antihapten antibodies toward target cells in vivo. Such compounds may be developed for human use as alternatives to polyclonal or monoclonal antibody therapy.
Real-Time Live Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy as a New Tool for Assessing Platelet Vitality (2010)

BACKGROUND: Assessment of platelet vitality is important for patients presenting with inherited or acquired disorders of platelet function and for quality assessment of platelet concentrates. METHODS: Herein we combined live stains with intra-vital confocal fluorescence microscopy in order to obtain an imaging method that allows fast and accurate assessment of platelet vitality. Three fluorescent dyes, FITC-coupled wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester perchlorate (TMRM) and acetoxymethylester (Rhod-2), were used to assess platelet morphology, mitochondrial activity and intra-platelet calcium levels. Microscopy was performed with a microlens-enhanced Nipkow spinning disk-based system allowing live confocal imaging. RESULTS: Comparison of ten samples of donor platelets collected before apheresis and platelets collected on days 5 and 7 of storage showed an increase in the percentage of Rhod-2-positive platelets from 3.6 to 47 and finally to 71%. Mitochondrial potential was demonstrated in 95.4% of donor platelets and in 92.5% of platelets stored for 7 days. CONCLUSION: Such fast and accurate visualization of known key parameters of platelet function could be of relevance for studies addressing the quality of platelets after storage and additional manipulation, such as pathogen inactivation, as well as for the analysis of inherited platelet function disorders.
Issues in combination antiretroviral therapy: a review. (1994)

High viral burden and replication persist during all phases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Although monotherapy has yielded considerable benefits, these benefits are neither absolute nor durable. Combination therapy has multiple goals: to reduce viral replication and burden; to relieve drug toxicity; to attenuate viral mutations leading to resistance and possibly to conversion from non-syncytium-inducing to syncytium-inducing virus; and to broaden the spectrum of specific cells and tissues in which antiretroviral agents are active. At present, zidovudine remains the cornerstone of antiretroviral monotherapy and combination therapy. A partial list of agents tried in combinations with and without zidovudine includes the nucleoside analogues zalcitabine and didanosine; non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nevirapine, delavirdine, atevirdine, pyridinones, TIBO derivatives); protease inhibitors; inhibitors of viral regulatory functions (tat inhibitors); cytokine antagonists; acyclovir; and colony-stimulating factors. The rationales, the regimens, and the results all vary. We usually recommend combination therapy for treatment-naive patients who are asymptomatic with < 200 CD4+ cells/mm3 or who are symptomatic, and for patients who have been receiving zidovudine monotherapy and who are stable but whose CD4+ counts have fallen to < 300 cells/mm3, or who are progressing. In the absence of definitive results from clinical trials of combination therapy, the decision to embark on this route remains to be made between each individual patient and the practitioner.
Suppression of collagen‐induced arthritis by single administration of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles entrapping type II collagen: A novel treatment strategy for induction of oral tolerance (2002)

Our data show that PLGA may serve as a powerful vehicle to promote the tolerance effect of oral CII and that single administration of PLGA-CII may hold promise as a new treatment strategy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling in development and human diseases (2014)

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are a group of signaling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins. Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation, BMPs are now known to play crucial roles in all organ systems. BMPs are important in embryogenesis and development, and also in maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis. Mouse knockout models of various components of the BMP signaling pathway result in embryonic lethality or marked defects, highlighting the essential functions of BMPs. In this review, we first outline the basic aspects of BMP signaling and then focus on genetically manipulated mouse knockout models that have helped elucidate the role of BMPs in development. A significant portion of this review is devoted to the prominent human pathologies associated with dysregulated BMP signaling.
Efficient division and sampling of cell colonies using microcup arrays (2012)

A microengineered array to sample clonal colonies is described. The cells were cultured on an array of individually releasable elements until the colonies expanded to cover multiple elements. Single elements were released using a laser-based system and collected to sample cells from individual colonies. A greater than an 85% rate in splitting and collecting colonies was achieved using a 3-dimensional cup-like design or “microcup”. Surface modification using patterned titanium deposition of the glass substrate improved the stability of microcup adhesion to the glass while enabling minimization of the laser energy for splitting the colonies. Smaller microcup dimensions and slotting the microcup walls reduced the time needed for colonies to expand into multiple microcups. The stem cell colony retained on the array and the collected fraction within released microcups remained undifferentiated and viable. The colony samples were characterized by both reporter gene expression and a destructive assay (PCR) to identify target colonies. The platform is envisioned as a means to rapidly establish cell lines using a destructive assay to identify desired clones.
[Screening and genetic analysis of thalassemia in Sichuan District]. (2011)

This paper was aimed to screen and analyze the genotypes of thalassemia of the residences in Sichuan Province. The phenotypes of thalassemia was screened by hemoglobin electrophoresis, and the genotypes of the phenotype positive cases was analyzed. There were 69 alpha-thal and 115 beta-thal phenotype positive cases in 3185 subjects. A total of 157 cases were diagnosed as thalassemia. These included 53 alpha-thal, 102 beta-thal and 2 alpha/beta-thal cases. The positive rates were 1.66%, 3.20%, 0.06%, respectively. It can be seen that Sichuan is one of the provinces with a high incidence of thalassemia. Hemoglobin electrophoresis is an important method for thalassemia screening, and GAP-PCR and PCR-RDB technology for thalassemia genotype analysis. A combination of both enables a wide range of screening and diagnosis of thalassemia.
Synthesis, Characterization and in Vitro Degradation of Poly(DL-Lactide)/Poly(DL-Lactide-co-Glycolide) Films (1999)

Poly(dl-lactide) (PLA) homopolymers and poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) copolymers were synthesized from their cyclic dimers, i.e. dl-lactide and glycolide, by ring-opening polymerization in the presence of catalyst stannous octoate and chain control agent lauryl alcohol. The effects of catalyst and chain control agent concentrations, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the molecular weight and yield of homopolymers were studied. The homopolymers were obtained in the intrinsic viscosity 0.1 to 1.0 dl/g range by changing the polymerization conditions. The copolymers in two different lactide/glycolide ratios, i.e. 90:10 and 70:30 and in 0.60 intrinsic viscosity were synthesized. The polymers were further characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DSC. In vitro degradation studies were conducted at 37°C in pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline. The results showed that the intrinsic viscosities of all polymers decrease continuously until 0.20 dl/g after exposure to phosphate buffered saline and then a very sharp mass loss occurs.
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A Research Note (1997)

A novel behavioural screening questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), was administered along with Rutter questionnaires to parents and teachers of 403 children drawn from dental and psychiatric clinics. Scores derived from the SDQ and Rutter questionnaires were highly correlated; parent-teacher correlations for the two sets of measures were comparable or favoured the SDQ. The two sets of measures did not differ in their ability to discriminate between psychiatric and dental clinic attenders. These preliminary findings suggest that the SDQ functions as well as the Rutter questionnaires while offering the following additional advantages: a focus on strengths as well as difficulties; better coverage of inattention, peer relationships, and prosocial behaviour; a shorter format; and a single form suitable for both parents and teachers, perhaps thereby increasing parent-teacher correlations.
<title>Transparent SiC for mid-IR windows and domes</title> (1994)

Transparent (beta) -SiC has been fabricated by the pyrolysis of methyltrichlorosilane in a hot wall chemical vapor deposition reactor. Characterization of material indicates that transparent SiC is a theoretically dense, highly pure (99.9996%), highly oriented (111), (beta) -phase (cubic) material possessing high optical transmission in the wavelength region 0.5 - 6 micrometers , a high value of hardness, electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity, and a low value of thermal expansion coefficient. These properties make it a good candidate material for use as domes and windows in severe environments such as high speed missiles, laser, combustion and space systems. Important properties of transparent SiC were also compared with those of the opaque SiC to determine if optical transmission can be correlated with other material properties. A good correlation was obtained between material transmission and microstructure, crystallographic structure and electrical resistivity.
Induction of tolerance to bone marrow allografts by donor-derived host nonreactive ex vivo–induced central memory CD8 T cells (2009)

Enabling engraftment of allogeneic T cell-depleted bone marrow (TDBM) under reduced-intensity conditioning represents a major challenge in bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Anti-third-party cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were previously shown to be endowed with marked ability to delete host antidonor T cells in vitro, but were found to be less effective in vivo. This could result from diminished lymph node (LN) homing caused by the prolonged activation, which induces a CD44(+)CD62L(-) effector phenotype, and thereby prevents effective colocalization with, and neutralization of, alloreactive host T cells (HTCs). In the present study, LN homing, determined by imaging, was enhanced upon culture conditions that favor the acquisition of CD44(+)CD62L(+) central memory cell (Tcm) phenotype by anti-third-party CD8(+) cells. These Tcm-like cells displayed strong proliferation and prolonged persistence in BM transplant recipients. Importantly, adoptively transferred HTCs bearing a transgenic T-cell receptor (TCR) with antidonor specificity were efficiently deleted only by donor-type Tcms. All these attributes were found to be associated with improved efficacy in overcoming T cell-mediated rejection of TDBM, thereby enabling high survival rate and long-term donor chimerism, without causing graft-versus-host disease. In conclusion, anti-third-party Tcms, which home to recipient LNs and effectively delete antidonor T cells, could provide an effective and novel tool for overcoming rejection of BM allografts.
Spinal Cord Stimulation for Axial Low Back Pain (2005)

While we observed disadvantages for dual electrodes in treating axial low back pain, we achieved technical success with single or dual electrodes in most patients and maintained this success clinically with dual electrodes in 53%.
FrameBreak: Dramatic Image Extrapolation by Guided Shift-Maps (2013)

We significantly extrapolate the field of view of a photograph by learning from a roughly aligned, wide-angle guide image of the same scene category. Our method can extrapolate typical photos into complete panoramas. The extrapolation problem is formulated in the shift-map image synthesis framework. We analyze the self-similarity of the guide image to generate a set of allowable local transformations and apply them to the input image. Our guided shift-map method reserves to the scene layout of the guide image when extrapolating a photograph. While conventional shift-map methods only support translations, this is not expressive enough to characterize the self-similarity of complex scenes. Therefore we additionally allow image transformations of rotation, scaling and reflection. To handle this increase in complexity, we introduce a hierarchical graph optimization method to choose the optimal transformation at each output pixel. We demonstrate our approach on a variety of indoor, outdoor, natural, and man-made scenes.
Ögrenen Örgütlerde Etkili Liderlik: Burdur Örnegi (2011)

Bu calismanin amaci, ilkogretim okullarinda gorev yapan yoneticilerin cinsiyet ve gorev suresinin etkili liderlik davranislari uzerinde etkisi olup olmadigini belirlemek ve varsa bu etkinin hangi boyutlarda ortaya ciktigini saptamaktir. Bu arastirma Burdur Il Milli Egitim Mudurlugune bagli sehir merkezindeki ilkogretim okullarina yonelik uygulamali bir calismadir. Arastirmaya 48 yonetici katilmistir. Arastirmaya katilan yoneticilerden elde edilen veriler, SPSS paket programinda analiz edilmistir. Verilerin analizinde %, f, coklu regresyon analizi yapilmistir. Arastirmada kullanilan olcekte yer alan alt olceklerin birbirleri ile anlamli ve olumlu bir iliski sergiledikleri tespit edilmistir. Yine cinsiyet degiskeni etkili liderlik olceginin alt olceklerinden vizyon gelistirme, vizyon paylasma, izleyici olusturma, sureci izleme, sonuca ulasma ve takim calismasinda anlami yordayici olarak tespit edilmistir.
Push-pull porphyrins as nonlinear optical materials (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPush-pull porphyrins as nonlinear optical materialsKenneth S. Suslick, Chin Ti Chen, Gerald R. Meredith, and Lap Tak ChengCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 17, 6928–6930Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00043a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00043a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views895Altmetric-Citations165LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
THYMUS RIBONUCLEIC ACID AND EMBRYONIC DIFFERENTIATION (1958)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Memapsin 2, a drug target for Alzheimer's disease (2003)

Mempasin 2, a beta-secretase, is the membrane-anchored aspartic protease that initiates the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein leading to the production of beta-amyloid and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Thus memapsin 2 is a major therapeutic target for the development of inhibitor drugs for the disease. Many biochemical tools, such as the specificity and crystal structure, have been established and have led to the design of potent and relatively small transition-state inhibitors. Although developing a clinically viable mempasin 2 inhibitor remains challenging, progress to date renders hope that memapsin 2 inhibitors may ultimately be useful for therapeutic reduction of beta-amyloid.
Public Health Preparedness (2002)

Public health is a cornerstone of health protection and public safety, yet it has long been relegated to the backseat of our nation's priorities for attention and support. We can't let it stay there. The events of September 11 and the subsequent anthrax attacks have brought new urgency to old concerns about the capacity of our nation's public health system. These tragic circumstances may provide the political will to do what should have been done earlier to protect our citizens against significant infectious disease threats, whether naturally occurring or intentionally imposed.
Potential Anticonvulsant Drugs-I Synthesis of Substituted-𝛾-Aminobutyrophenones (1974)

Department of Chemistry, Lucknow University, Lucknow <em>Manuscript received 20 February 1973; revised 1 July 1974; accepted 1 July 1974</em> A number of 4-(4'-Acetamidophenyl)-\(\gamma\)-substituted butyrophenones has been synthesised and their anticonvulsant properties evaluated. Some of them have shown promising effects.
The effects of nasal drops on the ciliary beat frequency of chicken embryo tracheas. (1981)

The effects of proprietary preparations in the Netherlands and nasal preparations according to the F.N.A. (Formulary of the Netherlands' Pharmacists Association) on the ciliary beat frequency of chicken embryo tracheas have been determined. In general the preservatives, used in the nasal drops, turned out to have a more decisive influence on the ciliary motion than the pharmacologically active constituents. The average time, necessary to decrease the frequency 50% with 1=5 diluted nasal drops (average t 50%(1=5) containing a mercury compound or chlorbutol, is 0.4 h. Quaternary ammonium compounds containing preparations, however, have less influence, average t 50%(1=5) greater than 1.22 h. They are to be used preferably. Nasal drops, used as decongestants, provided that they are preserved with quaternary ammonium compounds, have little influence on the ciliary motion (average t50%(1=5) greater than 1.38 h). Nasal drops containing antihistamines, in contrast, inhibit the ciliary motion largely and almost independently of the preservatives (average t50%(1=5)=0.22 h); the cromoglycate containing preparation, on the contrary, has only little effect in this respect (t50%(1=5) greater than 2 h). Antimicrobial preparations are not preserved and have an intermediate ciliotoxic effect (average t50%(1=5)=0.7 h).
Non-linear predictive controller for uncertain process modelled by GOBF-Volterra models (2013)

This paper proposes a new approach for synthesising a predictive control for non-linear uncertain process based on a proposed reduced complexity discrete-time Volterra model known as GOBF-Volterra model. This model, provided by expanding each Volterra kernel on independent generalised orthonormal basis functions (GOBF), is efficient for the synthesis of non-linear model-based predictive control (NMBPC) which copes with physical constraints and geometrical constraints due to parameter uncertainties. A quadratic criterion is optimised and a new optimisation algorithm, formulated as a quadratic programming (QP) under linear and non-linear constraints, is proposed. Simulation results on a chemical reactor are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed NMBPC strategy for uncertain process. This reveals that the stability performance of the resulting closed-loop system depends on the choice of the tuning parameters.
Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex direct repeat sequence for use in cycling probe reaction (1996)

Cycling probe technology (CPT) is a unique and simple method for the detection of specific target sequences. CPT utilizes a chimeric DNA-RNA-DNA probe providing an RNase H-sensitive scissile linkage when bound to a complementary target sequence. For this study a diagnostic assay based on CPT was developed for the detection of the 36-bp direct repeat (DR) region in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To determine the feasibility of using the DR for detecting M. tuberculosis by CPT, a wide variety of mycobacteria were tested by Southern blot hybridization with three DR probes to verify their specificity. The entire DR region of Mycobacterium bovis 401 was sequenced, and the data were used to design a PCR assay that would allow us to estimate the number of DRs present in a variety of strains. A CPT assay which uses a probe complementary to the DR region was developed and evaluated with synthetic targets and genomic DNA from mycobacteria. In summary, the 36-bp DR provides an attractive target for detecting M. tuberculosis because the sequence is present in high copy numbers in the genome, is specific for the M. tuberculosis complex, and is found in strains that lack IS6110.
Mechanical Ventilation Guided by Esophageal Pressure in Acute Lung Injury (2008)

As compared with the current standard of care, a ventilator strategy using esophageal pressures to estimate the transpulmonary pressure significantly improves oxygenation and compliance. Multicenter clinical trials are needed to determine whether this approach should be widely adopted. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00127491.)