gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) acts as a mesenchyme-derived morphogenic factor during fetal lung development (1998)

Mesenchymal-epithelial tissue interactions are important for development of various organs, and in many cases, soluble signaling molecules may be involved in this interaction. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a mesenchyme-derived factor which has mitogenic, motogenic and morphogenic activities on various types of epithelial cells and is considered to be a possible mediator of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during organogenesis and organ regeneration. In this study, we examined the role of HGF during lung development. In situ hybridization analysis showed HGF and the c-met/HGF receptor gene to be respectively expressed in mesenchyme and epithelium in the developing lung. In organ cultures, exogenously added HGF apparently stimulated branching morphogenesis of the fetal lung. In contrast, HGF translation arrest or neutralization assays resulted in clear inhibition of epithelial branching. These results suggest that HGF is a putative candidate for a mesenchyme-derived morphogen regulating lung organogenesis. We also found that HGF is involved in epithelial branching, in collaboration with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family molecule(s). In mesenchyme-free culture, HGF alone did not induce epithelial morphogenesis, however, addition of both HGF and acidic FGF (aFGF) or keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), ligands for the KGF receptor, induced epithelial branching more extensively than that was observed in explants treated with aFGF or KGF alone. In addition, the simultaneous inhibition of HGF- and FGF-mediated signaling using neutralizing antibody and antisense oligo-DNA resulted in drastic impairment of epithelial growth and branching. Possible interactions between HGF and FGFs or other growth factors in lung development is given consideration.
Informed Consent (2000)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssueArchivesePub Ahead-of-Print Collections Acute/Critical CareContinuing EducationCOVID-19 Disaster and Emergency PreparednessEnvironmental Health and IssuesEthics Evidence-Based Practice, Step by StepFamily CaregiversGeriatric NursingHolistic NursingIn The CommunityInfectious DiseaseInternational TopicsLegal ClinicMental HealthNurse WellbeingNursing Research, Step By StepNursing ResourcesPalliative CarePatient SafetyPolicy and PoliticsProfessional Development, Leadership and ScholarshipProfessional Partners Supporting Diverse Family Caregivers Across SettingsQI: Quality ImprovementResearchSocial Media and Information TechnologySpecial SupplementsStrip SavvySupporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home AloneSystematic Reviews Step by StepTeaching For PracticeTransforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB)Uniforms (Nursing)Uniting States, Sharing StrategiesWomen's HealthWriting Resources Videos Videos WebinarsFor Authors Call for ManuscriptsSubmit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor Permissions Journal Info About the JournalAdvertising and BusinessAward WinnersBook of the Year AwardsContact InfoEditorial BoardInformation for FacultyInformation for MediaInformation for Peer ReviewersLetters to the EditorNurse Faculty Scholars / AJN Mentored Writing AwardOpen AccessReprintsRights and PermissionsSubscription ServicesNurses: Submit Your Photos! All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Frontiers in Alzheimer's disease research (2006)

Preface Inflammatory, Oxidative and Vascular Factors Affecting Neuronal Cell Death in Alzheimer's Disease Neuronal Cell Death in Alzheimer's Disease and its Potential Therapy with Neuroprotective Factors Synapse and Neuron Loss in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropsychological Manifestations in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Altered Brain Activation During Cognitive Process in Alzheimer's Disease Premature Centromere Division (PCD) of the X Chromosome as a Bio Marker of the Brain Cells Re-entry into the Cell Division Cycle in Alzheimer's Disease The Aging Brain: The Risk Factor for Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (SAD). Cellular and Molecular Aspects Remembering Emotional Information: Effects of Aging and Alzheimer's Disease APOE, Anxiety and Alzheimer's Disease Insulin Resistance, Depressive Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease Searching for Genetic Risk Factors in AD: A Never-Ending Story APOE and Cognitive Function in Non-demented Old Age: A Genetic Basis for Brain or Cognitive Reserve? Index.
Effects of buprenorphine and naloxone in morphine-stabilized opioid addicts (1998)

The present study, conducted as part of the development of a buprenorphine/naloxone combination product, was designed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of intravenously administered buprenorphine and naloxone. This in-patient trial used a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. Ten opioid-dependent male subjects were stabilized and maintained on morphine, 15 mg given intramuscularly four times daily. Then, at 48- to 72-h intervals, subjects received one of the following by intravenous injection: (1) placebo, (2) morphine 15 mg, (3) buprenorphine 2 mg, (4) buprenorphine 2 mg/naloxone 0.5 mg, and (5) naloxone 0.5 mg. Both naloxone and buprenorphine/naloxone produced significant (P < 0.005) opioid withdrawal effects compared to placebo as assessed with the CINA scale, an instrument which utilizes subject- and observer-reported, as well as physiological parameters. The combination of buprenorphine with naloxone in a 4:1 ratio produced opioid antagonist-like effects which should limit its potential for intravenous abuse by opioid addicts.
CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells: an important NK cell subset (2008)

Human natural killer (NK) cells can be subdivided into different populations based on the relative expression of the surface markers CD16 and CD56. The two major subsets are CD56(bright) CD16(dim/) (-) and CD56(dim) CD16(+), respectively. In this review, we will focus on the CD56(bright) NK cell subset. These cells are numerically in the minority in peripheral blood but constitute the majority of NK cells in secondary lymphoid tissues. They are abundant cytokine producers but are only weakly cytotoxic before activation. Recent data suggest that under certain conditions, they have immunoregulatory properties, and that they are probably immediate precursors of CD56(dim) NK cells. CD56(bright) NK cell percentages are expanded or reduced in a certain number of diseases, but the significance of these variations is not yet clear.
Project-based learning – A Fundraising Experience (2018)

Farrah Jin, Vivian Lang and Jin Yoon describe a recent project carried out with
adult learners.
Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Transglutaminase Based Site-Specific Antibody–Drug Conjugates (2013)

Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are becoming an important new class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. ADCs are produced through the linkage of a cytotoxic small molecule (drug) to monoclonal antibodies that target tumor cells. Traditionally, most ADCs rely on chemical conjugation methods that yield heterogeneous mixtures of varying number of drugs attached at different positions. The potential benefits of site-specific drug conjugation in terms of stability, manufacturing, and improved therapeutic index has recently led to the development of several new site-specific conjugation technologies. However, detailed characterization of the degree of site specificity is currently lacking. In this study we utilize mass spectrometry to characterize the extent of site-specificity of an enzyme-based site-specific antibody-drug conjugation technology that we recently developed. We found that, in addition to conjugation of the engineered site, a small amount of aglycosylated antibody present in starting material led to conjugation at position Q295, resulting in approximately 1.3% of off-target conjugation. Based on our detection limits, we show that Q295N mutant eliminates the off-target conjugation yielding highly homogeneous conjugates that are better than 99.8% site-specific. Our study demonstrates the importance of detailed characterization of ADCs and describes methods that can be utilized to characterize not only our enzyme based conjugates, but also ADCs generated by other conjugation technologies.
High-Mobility Two-Dimensional Electron Gas from Delta-Doped Asymmetric AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs/AlyGa1-yAs Quantum Wells (1987)

A new delta (δ)-doped asymmetric Al x Ga 1- x As/GaAs/Al y Ga 1- y As quantum well structure is designed and grown by molecular beam epitaxy which provides a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas with µ = 3.2×10 5 cm 2 /Vs at 5 K. The key feature of the new structure is that no bound states for electrons are found in the asymmetric well if the width is smaller than the critical value. The undesired persistent photoconductivity effect due to deep donors in n-type Al x Ga 1- x As: Si does not exist in the structure. Important for high transconductances in field-effect transistor is the narrow spacing between the two-dimensional electron gas and the crystal surface.
Prospective Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Multiple Mammalian Species Using Cross-Reacting Anti-Human Monoclonal Antibodies (2010)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of human and nonhuman mammalian species are often studied for various applications in regenerative medicine research. These MSCs can be derived from human bone marrow (BM) and identified by their ability to form fibroblast-like colony forming units that develop into stromal like cells when expanded in culture. These cells are characterized by their spindle-shaped morphology, their characteristic phenotype (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD45−, and CD34−), and their ability to differentiate into cells of the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. However, the identification and purification of MSCs from nonhuman mammalian species is hampered by the lack of suitable monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In this report, primary BM and cultured BM-derived MSCs of human and monkey, goat, sheep, dog, and pig were screened for cross-reactivity using a panel of 43 mAb, of which 22 react with either human BM mononuclear cells or cultured human MSCs. We found 7 mAb with specificity for CD271, MSCA-1 (W8B2 antigen), W4A5, CD56, W3C4 (CD349), W5C4, and 58B1, which showed interspecies cross-reactivity. These mAb proved to be useful for prospective sorting of MSCs from the BM of the 6 mammalian species studied as well as for the characterization of their cultured offspring. Flow sorting with the cross-reacting mAb resulted in up to 2400-fold enrichment of the clonogenic cell fraction (fibroblast-like colony forming units). This study provides an important contribution for the comparative prospective isolation of primary BM-MSCs and the characterization of cultured MSCs from multiple mammalian species for preclinical research.
Selection of Potent Inhibitors of Farnesyl-protein Transferase from a Synthetic Tetrapeptide Combinatorial Library (1996)

Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase (FPTase) show promise as anticancer agents. Based on the sequence of the protein substrates of FPTase (the CAAX sequence), potent and selective peptidomimetic inhibitors have been developed; these compounds share with the peptide substrate a free thiol and a C-terminal carboxylate. We have used a synthetic tetrapeptide combinatorial library to screen for new leads devoid of these features: the peptides were C-terminally amidated, and no free thiol was included in the combinatorial building blocks. To compensate for this negative bias, an expanded set of 68 amino acids was used, including both L and D as well as many non-coded residues. Sixteen individual tetrapeptides derived from the consensus were synthesized and tested; all were active, showing IC50 values ranging from low micromolar to low nanomolar. The most active peptide, D-tryptophan-D-methionine-D-4-chlorophenylalanine-L-gamma- carboxyglutamic acid (Ki = 2 nM), is also very selective showing little inhibitory activity against the related enzyme geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type I (IC50 > 50 microM). In contrast to CAAX-based peptidomimetics, D-tryptophan-D-methionine-D-4-chlorophenylalanine-L-gamma-carboxyglut amic acid appeared to mimic the isoprenoid substrate farnesyl diphosphate as determined by kinetic and physical measurements. D-Tryptophan-Dmethionine-D-4-chlorophenylalanine-L-gamma- carboxyglutamic acid was a competitive inhibitor of FPTase with respect to farnesyl diphosphate substrate and uncompetitive with respect to CAAX substrate. Furthermore, we demonstrated that FPTase undergoes ligand dependent conformational changes in its circular dichroism spectrum and that D-tryptophan-D-methionine-D-4-chlorophenylalanine-L-gamma- carboxyglutamic acid induced a conformational change identical to that observed with farnesyl diphosphate ligand.
Meta‐analysis of observational studies of full‐length and B‐domain‐deleted factor VIII for prophylaxis – a standard statistical approach (2003)

Summary. Meta‐analyses of observational studies have become increasingly common to support evidence‐based clinical decisions. We analyzed currently available clinical and pharmacokinetic studies of full‐length factor VIII (FL‐FVIII) vs B‐domain deleted recombinant factor VIII (BDD‐rFVIII) to investigate possible differences in clinical efficacy. A standard approach to observational study meta‐analysis was used as recommended by the Meta‐analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) consensus group. Data from included studies were combined using a random effects model to accommodate between‐study heterogeneity. A multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to calculate the incidence rate ratio for bleeding. Justification for the appropriate use of this statistical approach is given. The meta‐analysis suggested reduced haemostatic efficacy during prophylaxis and shortened half‐life of BDD‐rFVIII as compared with FL‐FVIII. This analysis was rigoroulsy conducted using well‐accepted statistical methodology and presents the most comprehensive evidence‐based assessment currently available on risk factors for breakthrough bleeding under factor VIII prophylaxis. Our conclusions have been strengthened by subsequently introduced prescribing information and regulatory action for BDD‐rFVIII.
Relationship between the ABO Blood Group and the COVID-19 Susceptibility (2020)

Abstract The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading around the world rapidly and declared as a pandemic by WHO. Here, we compared the ABO blood group distribution in 2,173 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 test from three hospitals in Wuhan and Shenzhen, China with that in normal people from the corresponding regions. The results showed that blood group A was associated with a higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 compared with non-A blood groups, whereas blood group O was associated with a lower risk for the infection compared with non-O blood groups. This is the first observation of an association between the ABO blood type and COVID-19. It should be emphasized, however, that this is an early study with limitations. It would be premature to use this study to guide clinical practice at this time, but it should encourage further investigation of the relationship between the ABO blood group and the COVID-19 susceptibility.
Some Advances in Transformation-Based Part of Speech Tagging (1994)

Most recent research in trainable part of speech taggers has explored stochastic tagging. While these taggers obtain high accuracy, linguistic information is captured indirectly, typically in tens of thousands of lexical and contextual probabilities. In [Brill92], a trainable rule-based tagger was described that obtained performance comparable to that of stochastic taggers, but captured relevant linguistic information in a small number of simple non-stochastic rules. In this paper, we describe a number of extensions to this rule-based tagger. First, we describe a method for expressing lexical relations in tagging that are not captured by stochastic taggers. Next, we show a rule-based approach to tagging unknown words. Finally, we show how the tagger can be extended into a k-best tagger, where multiple tags can be assigned to words in some cases of uncertainty.
Exploiting differential etch rates to fabricate large-scale nozzle arrays with protudent geometry (2007)

Nozzles with micro and nanometer scale orifices are playing an increasingly important role in many micro and nano devices, processes and characterization applications such as cell sorters, micro deposition of structures and near-field optical scanning. This paper describes a new process that can generate nozzles in a silicon substrate with nozzle walls of silicon nitride and oxide and with protudent geometry around the nozzle orifice. The fabrication process exploits a combination of geometry and differences in etching rates to simultaneously open up the nozzle orifice and pattern the geometry around it. The result is an in-parallel, high-throughput process.
Sequence Dependence of DNA Translocation through a Nanopore (2008)

We investigate the dynamics of DNA translocation through a nanopore using 2D Langevin dynamics simulations, focusing on the dependence of the translocation dynamics on the details of DNA sequences. The DNA molecules studied in this work are built from two types of bases A and C, which have been shown previously to have different interactions with the pore. We study DNA with repeating blocks A(n)C(n) for various values of n and find that the translocation time depends strongly on the block length 2n as well as on the orientation of which base enters the pore first. Thus, we demonstrate that the measurement of translocation dynamics of DNA through a nanopore can yield detailed information about its structure. We have also found that the periodicity of the block sequences is contained in the periodicity of the residence time of the individual nucleotides inside the pore.
Multi-layer tracing of TCP over a reliable wireless link (1999)

Article Free Access Share on Multi-layer tracing of TCP over a reliable wireless link Authors: Reiner Ludwig Ericsson Research, Herzogenrath, Germany Ericsson Research, Herzogenrath, GermanyView Profile , Bela Rathonyi Ericsson Mobile Communications AB, Lund, Sweden Ericsson Mobile Communications AB, Lund, SwedenView Profile , Almudena Konrad Computer Science Division, University of California at Berkeley Computer Science Division, University of California at BerkeleyView Profile , Kimberly Oden Computer Science Division, University of California at Berkeley Computer Science Division, University of California at BerkeleyView Profile , Anthony Joseph Computer Science Division, University of California at Berkeley Computer Science Division, University of California at BerkeleyView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGMETRICS '99: Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systemsMay 1999Pages 144–154https://doi.org/10.1145/301453.301488Published:01 May 1999Publication History 42citation625DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations42Total Downloads625Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Expression of the human apolipoprotein AI gene fused to the E. coli gene for β‐galactosidase (1986)

The human apoAI gene was expressed in E. coli by in-frame fusion to a modified beta-galactosidase gene present in plasmid pUR291. The fused beta-galactosidase-apoAI gene product was expressed at a high level and was recognized by an anti-human apoAI antiserum. Besides the fused protein, at least one degradation product having an Mr similar to that of beta-galactosidase was present in high amounts in bacterial extracts. These results and those of a pulse-chase experiment indicate that degradation took place only in the apoAI moiety of the chimeric protein.
Live-Attenuated Vaccines Prevent Respiratory Syncytial Virus–associated Illness in Young Children (2020)

<b>Rationale:</b> Active immunization is needed to protect infants and young children against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Rationally designed live-attenuated RSV vaccines are in clinical development.<b>Objectives:</b> Develop preliminary estimates of vaccine efficacy, assess durability of antibody responses to vaccination and "booster" responses after natural RSV infection, and determine sample sizes needed for more precise estimates of vaccine efficacy.<b>Methods:</b> We analyzed data from seven phase 1 trials of live-attenuated RSV vaccines in 6- to 24-month-old children (<i>n</i> = 239).<b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> The five vaccine regimens that induced neutralizing antibody responses in ≥80% of vaccinees (defined <i>post hoc</i> as "more promising") protected against RSV-associated medically attended acute respiratory illness (RSV-MAARI) and medically attended acute lower respiratory illness (RSV-MAALRI) and primed for potent anamnestic responses upon natural exposure to wild-type RSV. Among recipients of "more promising" RSV vaccines, efficacy against RSV-MAARI was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24 to 85; <i>P</i> = 0.008) and against RSV-MAALRI was 88% (95% CI, -9 to 99; <i>P</i> = 0.04). A greater than or equal to fourfold increase in RSV serum neutralizing antibody following vaccination was strongly associated with protection against RSV-MAARI (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.75; <i>P</i> = 0.014) and RSV-MAALRI; no child with a greater than or equal to fourfold increase developed RSV-MAALRI. Rates of RSV-MAARI and RSV-MAALRI in placebo recipients were 21% and 7%, respectively. Given these rates, a study of 540 RSV-naive children would have 90% power to demonstrate ≥55% efficacy against RSV-MAARI and ≥80% efficacy against RSV-MAALRI; if rates were 10% and 3%, a study of 1,300 RSV-naive children would be needed.<b>Conclusions:</b> Rapid development of a live-attenuated RSV vaccine could contribute substantially to reducing the global burden of RSV disease.