gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stem cell factor improve endogenous repair after myocardial infarction (2006)

Objective The aims of this study were, first, to determine if granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) improved left ventricular function in the setting of a reperfusion model of myocardial infarction (MI) and, second, to evaluate the effects of G-CSF/SCF on cellular repair and, in particular, the fate of bone marrow cells homing to the site of tissue injury.
Effects of Astaxanthin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo (2003)

This study suggests that AST has a dose-dependent ocular anti-inflammatory effect, by the suppression of NO, PGE2, and TNF-alpha production, through directly blocking NOS enzyme activity.
ERp57 Modulates STAT3 Signaling from the Lumen of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2009)

ERp57 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident thiol disulfide oxidoreductase. Using the gene trap technique, we created a ERp57-deficient mouse model. Targeted deletion of the Pdia3 gene, which encodes ERp57, in mice is embryonic lethal at embryonic day (E) 13.5. Beta-galactosidase reporter gene analysis revealed that ERp57 is expressed early on during blastocyst formation with the highest expression in the inner cell mass. In early stages of mouse embryonic development (E11.5) there is a relatively low level of expression of ERp57. As the embryos developed, ERp57 became highly expressed in both the brain and the lungs (E15.5 and E18.5). The absence of ERp57 has no impact on ER morphology; expression of ER-associated chaperones and folding enzymes, ER stress, or apoptosis. ERp57 has been reported to interact with STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription)-DNA complexes. We show here that STAT3-dependent signaling is increased in the absence of ERp57 and this can be rescued by expression of ER-targeted ERp57 but not by cytoplasmic-targeted protein, indicating that ERp57 affects STAT3 signaling from the lumen of the ER. ERp57 effects on STAT3 signaling are enhanced by ER luminal complex formation between ERp57 and calreticulin. In conclusion, we show that ERp57 deficiency in mouse is embryonic lethal at E13.5 and ERp57-dependent modulation of STAT3 signaling may contribute to this phenotype.
Rare earth elements: end use and recyclability (2011)

Rare earth elements are used in mature markets (such as catalysts, glassmaking, lighting, and metallurgy), which account for 59 percent of the total worldwide consumption of rare earth elements, and in newer, high-growth markets (such as battery alloys, ceramics, and permanent magnets), which account for 41 percent of the total worldwide consumption of rare earth elements. In mature market segments, lanthanum and cerium constitute about 80 percent of rare earth elements used, and in new market segments, dysprosium, neodymium, and praseodymium account for about 85 percent of rare earth elements used. Regardless of the end use, rare earth elements are not recycled in large quantities, but could be if recycling became mandated or very high prices of rare earth elements made recycling feasible.
Conjugation of an Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide to Ribonuclease H Results in Sequence-Specific Cleavage and Intracellular Inhibition of HCV Gene Expression (2003)

A recombinant E. coli ribonuclease H (RNase H) was chemically coupled to an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against the 5'-noncoding region (5'-NCR) of the hepatitis C virus. Purity of the conjugates was confirmed by sodium deodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) as a band corresponding to approximately 23 kDa. Conjugate function was tested by the cleavage of a HCV RNA transcript including the 5'-NCR and core region and showed HCV sequence-specific cleavage by the appearance of an expected approximately 1000 nt fragment of RNA. Cleavage was not seen by RNase H alone, or ODN alone. Delivery studies using (32)P- and (125)I-labeling showed that while RNAse H failed to enter cells, the conjugate was efficiently taken into the cells. To assess intracellular effects, a cell line, Huh-7/CMV-NCRCDeltaluc, which expresses HCV mRNA (nt 1-585) fused to a marker gene, was transfected with the conjugate. Reporter gene expression was suppressed by 51.2% with the conjugate compared to only 39.7% by ODN alone, 35.8% by a mixture of RNase H plus ODN, and not at all by RNase H alone. In conclusion, the RNase H-ODN conjugate effectively cleaved an HCV transcript in vitro and inhibited expression of an HCV-marker fusion construct in a liver-derived cell line.
Butyric Acid-Induced T-Cell Apoptosis Is Mediated by Caspase-8 and -9 Activation in a Fas-Independent Manner (2001)

Our previous study demonstrated that butyric acid, an extracellular metabolite of periodontopathic bacteria, induced apoptosis in murine thymocytes, splenic T cells, and human Jurkat cells. In this study, we examined whether CD95 ligand-receptor interaction is involved in butyric acid-induced T-cell apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that expression of Fas in Jurkat and T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was not affected by butyric acid treatment. Furthermore, the expression of Fas and FasL protein in Western blotting was not affected by butyric acid treatment. Coincubation with blocking anti-Fas antibodies prevented Fas-induced apoptosis but not butyric acid-induced apoptosis. Anti-FasL antibodies also did not prevent butyric acid-induced apoptosis at any dose examined. Although cytotoxic anti-Fas antibody affected butyric acid-induced apoptosis, a synergistic effect was not seen. Time-dependent activation of caspase-8 and -9 was recognized in butyric acid- as well as Fas-mediated apoptosis. IETD-CHO and LEHD-CHO, specific inhibitors of caspase-8 and -9, respectively, completely blocked Fas-mediated apoptosis and partially prevented butyric acid-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that the Fas-FasL interaction is not involved in butyric acid-induced apoptosis and that caspase-8 and -9-dependent apoptosis plays an important role in butyric acid-induced apoptosis, as well as Fas-induced apoptosis.
Data Curation at Scale: The Data Tamer System (2013)

Data curation is the act of discovering a data source(s) of interest, cleaning and transforming the new data, semantically integrating it with other local data sources, and deduplicating the resulting composite. There has been much research on the various components of curation (especially data integration and deduplication). However, there has been little work on collecting all of the curation components into an integrated end-to-end system. In addition, most of the previous work will not scale to the sizes of problems that we are finding in the field. For example, one web aggregator requires the curation of 80,000 URLs and a second biotech company has the problem of curating 8000 spreadsheets. At this scale, data curation cannot be a manual (human) effort, but must entail machine learning approaches with a human assist only when necessary. This paper describes Data Tamer, an end-to-end curation system we have built at M.I.T. Brandeis, and Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI). It expects as input a sequence of data sources to add to a composite being constructed over time. A new source is subjected to machine learning algorithms to perform attribute identification, grouping of attributes into tables, transformation of incoming data and deduplication. When necessary, a human can be asked for guidance. Also, Data Tamer includes a data visualization component so a human can examine a data source at will and specify manual transformations. We have run Data Tamer on three real world enterprise curation problems, and it has been shown to lower curation cost by about 90%, relative to the currently deployed production software. 1.
RNA is a structural element in retrovirus particles (2001)

A single retroviral protein, Gag, is sufficient for virus particle assembly. While Gag is capable of specifically packaging the genomic RNA into the particle, this RNA species is unnecessary for particle assembly in vivo. In vitro, nucleic acids profoundly enhance the efficiency of assembly by recombinant Gag proteins, apparently by acting as "scaffolding" in the particle. To address the participation of RNA in retrovirus assembly in vivo, we analyzed murine leukemia virus particles that lack genomic RNA because of a deletion in the packaging signal of the viral RNA. We found that these particles contain cellular mRNA in place of genomic RNA. This result was particularly evident when Gag was expressed by using a Semliki Forest virus-derived vector: under these conditions, the Semliki Forest virus vector-directed mRNA became very abundant in the cells and was readily identified in the retroviral virus-like particles. Furthermore, we found that the retroviral cores were disrupted by treatment with RNase. Taken together, the data strongly suggest that RNA is a structural element in retrovirus particles.
Blood film evaluations as a quality control activity. (1990)

Correlation of the blood film with the blood-count parameters provides a means of quality control of results obtained by the counter. This requires the observer to be skilled in identifying significant morphological abnormalities. Reliable blood film assessment must avoid potentially misleading information resulting from cell distribution bias and morphological artefact produced by poor techniques in the preparation and staining of films. Thus, whilst concordance between instrument results and manual films provides control on the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the counter, conversely blood count results provide a check on the reliability of the blood film. The experiences with the United Kingdom external quality assessment program illustrate the strengths as well as weaknesses of the blood film evaluation.
Fluorinated tertiary alcohols and alkoxides from nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated tertiary alcohols and alkoxides from nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compoundsStefan P. Kotun, John D. O. Anderson, and Darryl D. Des MarteauCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 4, 1124–1131Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00030a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views896Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Enlarged cells for the conformal FDTD method to avoid the time step reduction (2004)

Recently, the conformal finite-difference time-domain (CFDTD) method has emerged as an efficient FDTD method with a higher order accuracy than the conventional FDTD methods that are degraded by staircasing errors. The only obvious point to further improve on the CFDTD method is its requirement for a smaller time step increment due to the existence of small irregular cells near the boundary. In this letter, an enlarged cell technique is introduced to ensure the stability of the CFDTD method without the time step reduction. The introduction of the enlarged cells therefore makes the CFDTD method much more efficient and suffers from a smaller dispersion error, as shown in several two-dimensional examples.
Emotion and cognition interactions in PTSD: a review of neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies (2012)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric syndrome that develops after exposure to terrifying and life-threatening events including warfare, motor-vehicle accidents, and physical and sexual assault. The emotional experience of psychological trauma can have long-term cognitive effects. The hallmark symptoms of PTSD involve alterations to cognitive processes such as memory, attention, planning, and problem solving, underscoring the detrimental impact that negative emotionality has on cognitive functioning. As such, an important challenge for PTSD researchers and treatment providers is to understand the dynamic interplay between emotion and cognition. Contemporary cognitive models of PTSD theorize that a preponderance of information processing resources are allocated toward threat detection and interpretation of innocuous stimuli as threatening, narrowing one's attentional focus at the expense of other cognitive operations. Decades of research have shown support for these cognitive models of PTSD using a variety of tasks and methodological approaches. The primary goal of this review is to summarize the latest neurocognitive and neuroimaging research of emotion-cognition interactions in PTSD. To directly assess the influence of emotion on cognition and vice versa, the studies reviewed employed challenge tasks that included both cognitive and emotional components. The findings provide evidence for memory and attention deficits in PTSD that are often associated with changes in functional brain activity. The results are reviewed to provide future directions for research that may direct better and more effective treatments for PTSD.
Combined Treatment With Sertraline and Liothyronine in Major Depression (2007)

These results demonstrate enhancement of the antidepressant effect of sertraline by concurrent treatment with liothyronine without a significant increase in adverse effects. The antidepressant effect of liothyronine may be directly linked to thyroid function.
Haloperidol: an alternative butyrophenone for nausea and vomiting prophylaxis in anesthesia. (2005)

Droperidol has been an efficacious, inexpensive butyrophenone used since the early 1970s to prevent or treat postoperative nausea and vomiting. Because of reports of sudden cardiac death in patients receiving droperidol, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently placed significant restrictions on its administration. These restrictions have essentially removed droperidol from use. Haloperidol is another butyrophenone with antiemetic properties but without the FDA restrictions. This article reviews the literature regarding haloperidol and supports its use as a safe substitute for droperidol in the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Localization and mechanism of secretion of B-type natriuretic peptide in comparison with those of A-type natriuretic peptide in normal subjects and patients with heart failure. (1994)

We conclude that (1) BNP is secreted mainly from the left ventricle in normal adult humans as well as in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, whereas ANP is secreted from atria in normal adult humans and also from the left ventricle in patients with left ventricular dysfunction; (2) secretion of BNP as well as ANP from the left ventricle increases in proportion to the severity of the left ventricular dysfunction, suggesting that the secretions of ANP and BNP from the left ventricle are regulated mainly by wall tension of the left ventricle; and (3) the peripheral plasma levels of ANP and BNP reflect the secretion rate of these hormones from the left ventricle and may be used as a marker of the degree of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
An extension of the ICP algorithm for modeling nonrigid objects with mobile robots (2003)

The iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm [2] is a popular method for modeling 3D objects from range data. The classical ICP algorithm rests on a rigid surface assumption. Building on recent work on nonrigid object models [5; 16; 9], this paper presents an ICP algorithm capable of modeling nonrigid objects, where individual scans may be subject to local deformations. We describe an integrated mathematical framework for simultaneously registering scans and recovering the surface configuration. To tackle the resulting high-dimensional optimization problems, we introduce a hierarchical method that first matches a coarse skeleton of scan points, then adapts local scan patches. The approach is implemented for a mobile robot capable of acquiring 3D models of objects.
MPEG-4 video and its potential for future multimedia services (2002)

The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) committee, which originated the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 video and audio compression standards, is currently developing MPEG-4 with wide industry participation. MPEG-4 is targeted for interactive multimedia applications and will become an international standard in 1998. It is expected that MPEG-4 will become the enabling technology for multimedia audio-visual communications as much as MPEG-2 has become the enabling technology for digital television. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the scope and potential of the MPEG-4 standardization activities for networked interactive multimedia applications with particular emphasis on the MPEG-4 video standard.
Cloning and expression of a high-molecular-mass major antigen of Helicobacter pylori: evidence of linkage to cytotoxin production (1993)

A high-molecular-mass (120- to 128-kDa) Helicobacter pylori antigen has been associated with peptic ulcer disease. We created a bank of 40,000 random chromosomal fragments of H. pylori 84-183 by using lambda ZapII. Screening of this bank in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue with absorbed serum from an H. pylori-infected person permitted the isolation and purification of a clone with a 3.5-kb insert. Subcloning of this insert (pMC3) permitted the expression of a recombinant H. pylori protein that had a mass of approximately 96 kDa and that was recognized by the human serum. Sera that were obtained from H. pylori-infected persons and that recognized the native 120- to 128-kDa H. pylori antigen recognized the recombinant 96-kDa pMC3 protein to a significantly greater extent than did sera that did not recognize the native H. pylori antigen. All 19 H. pylori isolates producing the 120- to 128-kDa antigen hybridized with pMC3; none of 13 nonproducers did so (P < 0.001). Because all 15 isolates producing the vacuolating cytotoxin hybridized with pMC3, we called the gene cagA (cytotoxin-associated gene). Sequence analysis of pMC3 identified an open reading frame of 859 amino acids, without a termination codon. Parallel screening of a lambda gt11 library with human serum revealed positive plaques with identical 0.6-kb inserts and sequences matching the sequence of the downstream region of pMC3. To clone the full-length gene, we used the 0.6-kb fragment as a probe and isolated a clone with a 2.7-kb insert from the lambda ZapII genomic library. Nucleotide sequencing of this insert (pYB 2) revealed a 785-bp sequence that overlapped the downstream region of pMC3. Translation of the complete nucleotide sequence of cagA revealed an open reading frame of 1,181 amino acids yielding a protein of 131,517 daltons. There was no significant homology with any previously reported protein sequence. These findings indicate the cloning and characterization of a high-molecular-mass H. pylori antigen potentially associated with virulence and with cytotoxin production.
Identification, molecular cloning and expression of an Î±-N-acetylgalactosaminidase gene fromClostridium perfringens (2002)

The Clostridium perfringens gene encoding the previously characterized alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (alphaNAG) was identified by protein microsequencing and database searching. The alphaNAG protein, designated AagA, was found to be encoded by a hypothetical gene of unknown function in the recently completed genome sequence of C. perfringens strain 13. The deduced translation product of 629 amino acid residues possessed a region of limited homology to several hypothetical open reading frames, an enterotoxin of unknown function and several known or predicted alpha-galactosidases, but did not exhibit homology to any of the multiple sequenced eukaryotic alphaNAG proteins. The C. perfringens aagA gene, encoding AagA, was cloned in an Escherichia coli T7 expression system, resulting in recombinants exhibiting high-level expression of the expected alphaNAG activity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the cloning and expression of a bacterial alphaNAG-encoding gene and represents an important step in the development of recombinant alphaNAG as a tool in the enzymatic conversion of blood group antigens.
High-level Skp2 Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2006)

It is suggested that examination of Skp2 expression might be clinically useful for prognostication in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and that Skp2 protein might be a novel therapeutic molecular target.
1.01-Pb/s (12 SDM/222 WDM/456 Gb/s) Crosstalk-managed Transmission with 91.4-b/s/Hz Aggregate Spectral Efficiency (2012)

We demonstrate 1.01-Pb/s transmission over 52 km with the highest aggregate spectral efficiency of 91.4 b/s/Hz by using low-crosstalk one-ring-structured 12-core fiber. Our multi-core fiber and compact fan-in/fan-out devices are designed to support high-order modulation formats up to 32-QAM in SDM transmission.
Effects of Androgen on Sexual Behavior in Hypogonadal Men (1979)

Despite the widespread use of androgen in the treatment of hypogonadal men, its efficacy in restoring sexual behavior to hypogonadal patients has not been established in appropriately controlled behavioral studies. Accordingly, testosterone enanthate or vehicle was injected once every 4 weeks im in a double blind experiment. The subjects were six adult males, aged 32-65 yr, two with gonadal failure and four with secondary hypogonadism. Two doses of testosterone (100 and 400 mg) were administered for approximately 5 months, with the treatments varied at random within and among subjects. Details of sexual activity and experience were followed by the use of daily logs. Frequencies of erections, including nocturnal erections and coitus, showed significant dose-related responses to androgen treatment which closely followed the fluctuations in the circulating testosterone level. As indicated by the Profile of Mood States test, behavioral responses did not appear to be mediated by changes in mood. We concluded that the stimulatory effects of testosterone on sexual activity are rapid, reliable, and not due to a placebo effect. To maintain plasma testosterone and adequate sexual function within normal levels, even high doses of testosterone enanthate should be given no less frequency than once every 3 weeks.