gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of normal differentiation in mouse and human myeloid leukemic cells by phorbol esters and the mechanism of tumor promotion (1979)

The control of cell multiplication and differentiation by tumor-promoting phorbol esters including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) has been studied with different clones of mouse myeloid leukemic cells, a line of human myeloid leukemic cells, and normal mouse bone marrow myeloblasts. TPA induced normal cell differentiation in one of the mouse leukemic clones and this was mediated by induction of the protein inducer of differentiation to macrophages or granulocytes (MGI) in the cells that then differentiated. Other mouse clones were not induced to differentiate by TPA. In one of these clones, TPA induced cell susceptibility to externally added MGI. This effect was not due to a general induction of susceptibility to all compounds because TPA did not induce susceptibility to lypopolysaccharide or dexamethasone in this clone. In the human leukemic cell line, TPA also induced differentiation with the induction of MGI activity and enhanced susceptibility to added MGI. It is suggested that the clonal differences in induction of MGI activity and increased susceptibility to MGI may be associated with differences in receptors for TPA and the ability of TPA to modify receptors for MGI. Studies with normal bone marrow cells have indicated that TPA stimulated MGI activity and also increased susceptibility of normal myeloblasts to induction of multiplication by MGI. The ability of different phorbol esters to produce these effects on normal myeloblasts and myeloid leukemic cells paralleled their ability to act as tumor promoters. The results indicate that a tumor promoter such as TPA can induce the production of and increase cell susceptibility to a normal regulator of cell multiplication and differentiation. TPA has pleiotropic effects. It is suggested that, by these mechanisms, TPA may thus act as a tumor promoter by increasing cell multiplication in initiated cells, induce differentiation in some cells, or inhibit differentiation in other cells, depending on which molecules are being regulated in the TPA-treated cells.
Laser-assisted ICSI: a novel approach to obtain higher oocyte survival and embryo quality rates (2002)

Creating a microhole on the zona pellucida of the oocyte by laser beam prior to ICSI provides a less traumatic penetration of the injection needle into the ooplasm and results in lower degeneration and higher embryo development rates than C-ICSI in patients with fragile oocytes.
Inhibition of Collagen Receptor Discoidin Domain Receptor-1 (DDR1) Reduces Cell Survival, Homing, and Colonization in Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis (2012)

Disruption of DDR1 hampers tumor cell survival, leading to impaired early tumor-bone engagement during skeletal homing. Furthermore, inhibition of DDR1 crucially alters bone colonization. We suggest that DDR1 represents a novel therapeutic target involved in bone metastasis.
Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 envelope protect more effectively in vivo than those to the CD4 receptor (2014)

HIV-1 infection depends on effective viral entry mediated by the interaction of its envelope (Env) glycoprotein with specific cell surface receptors. Protective antiviral antibodies generated by passive or active immunization must prevent these interactions. Because the HIV-1 Env is highly variable, attention has also focused on blocking the HIV-1 primary cell receptor CD4. We therefore analyzed the in vivo protective efficacy of three potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to HIV-1 Env compared to an antibody against the CD4 receptor. Protection was assessed after mucosal challenge of rhesus macaques with simian/HIV (SHIV). Despite its comparable or greater neutralization potency in vitro, the anti-CD4 antibody did not provide effective protection in vivo, whereas the HIV-1-specific mAbs VRC01, 10E8, and PG9, targeting the CD4 binding site, membrane-proximal, and V1V2 glycan Env regions, respectively, conferred complete protection, albeit at different relative potencies. These findings demonstrate the protective efficacy of broadly neutralizing antibodies directed to the HIV-1 Env and suggest that targeting the HIV-1 Env is preferable to the cell surface receptor CD4 for the prevention of HIV-1 transmission.
Formulation and stability evaluation of enteric-coated omeprazole formulations (1999)

L'omeprazole, un benzimidazole substitue, est un inhibiteur specifique, non competitif, de la H + /K + - ATPase, connue comme pompe des protons gastriques. Il est instable en milieux de faibles pH et doit etre protege des effets de l'acide gastrique lorsqu'il est administre par voie orale. Il est par consequent administre sous forme enterique enrobee. Dans cette etude, differentes solutions d'enrobage ont ete preparees a differentes concentrations etappliquees surdes comprimes d'omeprazole prealablement proteges par un sous-enrobage afin de determiner si cet enrobage peut proteger l'omeprazole d'une degradation en milieu acide. Des essais de dissolution ont ete effectues en milieux acide et alcalin afin de determiner les taux d'enrobage appropries. Pour l'etude de stabilite, des essais de vieillissement accelere ont ete effectues sur les formules de comprimes etudiees et sur des capsules commerciales. Les echantillons ont ete examines en ce qui concerne l'aspect macroscopique, la teneur en omeprazole et les caracteristiques de dissolution sur un mois. Des resultats tres encourageants ont ete obtenus avec l'HPMCP 4 et le CAP 4 (4% d'enrobage enterique par une solution a base, respectivement, de phtalate d'hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose et d'acetate de cellulose) applique sur des comprimes comportant un sous-enrobage. Du point de vue de la stabilite, seules les capsules de Losec (produit commercial de Astra-Turquie) semblent donner de bons resultats.
5,10 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genetic polymorphism as a risk factor for neural tube defects (1996)

Persons with a thermolabile form of the enzyme 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have reduced enzyme activity and increased plasma homocysteine which can be lowered by supplemental folic acid. Thermolability of the enzyme has recently been shown to be caused by a common mutation (677C-->T) in the MTHFR gene. We studied 41 fibroblast cultures from NTD-affected fetuses and compared their genotypes with those of 109 blood specimens from individuals in the general population. 677C-->T homozygosity was associated with a 7.2 fold increased risk for NTDs (95% confidence interval: 1.8-30.3; p value: 0.001). These preliminary data suggest that the 677C-->T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene is a risk factor for spina bifida and anencephaly that may provide a partial biologic explanation for why folic acid prevents these types of NTD.
Excessive inflammatory response of cystic fibrosis mice to bronchopulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (1997)

In cystic fibrosis (CF), defective function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in airway epithelial cells and submucosal glands results in chronic pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pulmonary infection incites an intense host inflammatory response, causing progressive suppurative pulmonary disease. Mouse models of CF, however, fail to develop pulmonary disease spontaneously. We examined the effects of bronchopulmonary infection on mice homozygous for the S489X mutation of the CFTR gene using an animal model of chronic Pseudomonas endobronchial infection. Slurries of sterile agarose beads or beads containing a clinical isolate of mucoid P. aeruginosa were instilled in the right lung of normal or CF mice. The mortality of CF mice inoculated with Pseudomonas-laden beads was significantly higher than that of normal animals: 82% of infected CF mice, but only 23% of normal mice, died within 10 d of infection (P = 0.023). The concentration of inflammatory mediators, including TNF-alpha, murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and KC/N51, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in CF mice 3 d after infection and before any mortality, was markedly elevated compared with normal mice. This inflammatory response also correlated with weight loss observed in both CF and normal littermates after inoculation. Thus, this model may permit examination of the relationship of bacterial infections, inflammation, and the cellular and genetic defects in CF.
Optimized Color Sampling for Robust Matting (2007)

Image matting is the problem of determining for each pixel in an image whether it is foreground, background, or the mixing parameter, "alpha", for those pixels that are a mixture of foreground and background. Matting is inherently an ill-posed problem. Previous matting approaches either use naive color sampling methods to estimate foreground and background colors for unknown pixels, or use propagation-based methods to avoid color sampling under weak assumptions about image statistics. We argue that neither method itself is enough to generate good results for complex natural images. We analyze the weaknesses of previous matting approaches, and propose a new robust matting algorithm. In our approach we also sample foreground and background colors for unknown pixels, but more importantly, analyze the confidence of these samples. Only high confidence samples are chosen to contribute to the matting energy function which is minimized by a Random Walk. The energy function we define also contains a neighborhood term to enforce the smoothness of the matte. To validate the approach, we present an extensive and quantitative comparison between our algorithm and a number of previous approaches in hopes of providing a benchmark for future matting research.
Selection based on CD133 and high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity isolates long-term reconstituting human hematopoietic stem cells (2005)

The development of novel cell-based therapies requires understanding of distinct human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations. We recently isolated reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by lineage depletion and purification based on high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH(hi)Lin- cells). Here, we further dissected the ALDH(hi)-Lin- population by selection for CD133, a surface molecule expressed on progenitors from hematopoietic, endothelial, and neural lineages. ALDH(hi)CD133+Lin- cells were primarily CD34+, but also included CD34-CD38-CD133+ cells, a phenotype previously associated with repopulating function. Both ALDH(hi)CD133-Lin- and ALDH(hi)CD133+Lin- cells demonstrated distinct clonogenic progenitor function in vitro, whereas only the ALDH(hi)CD133+Lin- population seeded the murine bone marrow 48 hours after transplantation. Significant human cell repopulation was observed only in NOD/SCID and NOD/SCID beta2M-null mice that received transplants of ALDH(hi)CD133+Lin- cells. Limiting dilution analysis demonstrated a 10-fold increase in the frequency of NOD/SCID repopulating cells compared with CD133+Lin- cells, suggesting that high ALDH activity further purified cells with repopulating function. Transplanted ALDH(hi)CD133+Lin- cells also maintained primitive hematopoietic phenotypes (CD34+CD38-) and demonstrated enhanced repopulating function in recipients of serial, secondary transplants. Cell selection based on ALDH activity and CD133 expression provides a novel purification of HSCs with long-term repopulating function and may be considered an alternative to CD34 cell selection for stem cell therapies.
English 14th-Century Polyphonic Music: An Inventory of the Extant Manuscript Sources with Reference to Facsimile and Performing Editions (1990)

Research Article| April 01 1990 English 14th-Century Polyphonic Music: An Inventory of the Extant Manuscript Sources with Reference to Facsimile and Performing Editions William J. Summers William J. Summers Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Musicology (1990) 8 (2): 173–226. https://doi.org/10.2307/763568 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William J. Summers; English 14th-Century Polyphonic Music: An Inventory of the Extant Manuscript Sources with Reference to Facsimile and Performing Editions. Journal of Musicology 1 April 1990; 8 (2): 173–226. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/763568 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentJournal of Musicology Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1990 Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Substituted 4-Benzylfuro[3,2-b]pyrroles (1992)

Preparation of 4-benzylfuro[3,2- b ]pyrroles is described and their reactions with selected dienophiles are discussed. Utilization of 4-acetylfuro[3,2- b ]pyrroles for preparation of 4-substituted derivatives of furo[3,2- b ]pyrrole and the synthesis of ethyl 4-(2- and 4-nitrobenzyl)furo[3,2- b ]pyrrole-5-carboxylates for fusing to a 1,4-diazepine system is presented.
A Highly Efficient Transformation Protocol for Micro-Tom, a Model Cultivar for Tomato Functional Genomics (2005)

We report a highly efficient protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of a miniature dwarf tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Micro-Tom, a model cultivar for tomato functional genomics. Cotyledon explants of tomato inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobacter) C58C1Rif(R) harboring the binary vector pIG121Hm generated a mass of chimeric non-transgenic and transgenic adventitious buds. Repeated shoot elongation from the mass of adventitious buds on selection media resulted in the production of multiple transgenic plants that originated from independent transformation events. The transformation efficiency exceeded 40% of the explants. This protocol could become a powerful tool for functional genomics in tomato.
Hemostatic properties of normal and perturbed vascular cells (1988)

Vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells actively maintain vessel wall thromboresistance by expressing several antithrombotic properties. With perturbation or injury, vascular cells express thrombogenic properties. Loss of vessel wall thromboresistance may be associated with thrombosis and vascular disease.
Multichip Module Substrates (2008)

The three major technologies used to fabricate substrates for multichip modules (MCMs) are described. These are MCM-L, composed of metal traces on stacked organic laminate sheets; MCM-C, metal patterned and interconnected on co-fired ceramic layers; and MCM-D, vapor-deposited, patterned metal layers alternating sequentially with spun-on or vapor-deposited dielectric thin films. Examples of circuits fabricated at APL using each of these MCM technologies are presented.
Building biomedical materials layer-by-layer (2012)

In this materials perspective, the promise of water based layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly as a means of generating drug-releasing surfaces for biomedical applications, from small molecule therapeutics to biologic drugs and nucleic acids, is examined. Specific advantages of the use of LbL assembly versus traditional polymeric blend encapsulation are discussed. Examples are provided to present potential new directions. Translational opportunities are discussed to examine the impact and potential for true biomedical translation using rapid assembly methods, and applications are discussed with high need and medical return.
Human cartilage gp-39, a major secretory product of articular chondrocytes and synovial cells, is a mammalian member of a chitinase protein family. (1993)

One of the major secreted proteins of human articular chondrocytes in monolayer or explant culture and of synovial fibroblasts is a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 39,000, referred to as human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC gp-39). The protein was purified, and its complete cDNA sequence was determined. It contained an open reading frame coding for a 383-amino acid long peptide. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with known sequences revealed that HC gp-39 contained regions displaying significant homology with a group of bacterial and fungal chitinases and a similar enzyme found in the nematode, Brugia malayi. In addition significant homologies were observed with three mammalian secretory proteins of as yet unknown function, suggesting that a related protein family exists in mammals. The human protein does not possess any glycosidic activity against chitinase substrates, arguing against any function as an endoglycosidase with specificity for N-acetylglucosamine. Analysis by Northern blotting and by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction showed mRNA for HC gp-39 to be present in human articular chondrocytes as well is in liver, while mRNA was undetectable in muscle tissues, lung, pancreas, mononuclear cells, or fibroblasts. Neither the protein nor mRNA for HC gp-39 was detectable in normal newborn or adult human articular cartilage obtained at surgery, while mRNA for HC gp-39 was detectable both in synovial specimens and in cartilage obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These observations suggest that the expression of HC gp-39 may be related to a response of these cells to an altered tissue environment.
Antisense Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer Length and Target Position Effects on Gene-Specific Inhibition inEscherichia coli (2004)

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) are synthetic DNA analogs that inhibit gene expression in a sequence-dependent manner. PMOs of various lengths (7 to 20 bases) were tested for inhibition of luciferase expression in Escherichia coli. Shorter PMOs generally inhibited luciferase greater than longer PMOs. Conversely, in bacterial cell-free protein synthesis reactions, longer PMOs inhibited equally or more than shorter PMOs. Overlapping, isometric (10-base) PMOs complementary to the region around the start codon of luciferase inhibited to different extents in bacterial cell-free protein expression reactions. Including the anti-start codon in PMOs was not required for maximal inhibition. PMOs targeted to 5' nontranslated or 3' coding regions within luciferase mRNA did not inhibit, except for one PMO targeted to the ribosome-binding site. Inhibition of luciferase expression correlated negatively with the predicted secondary structure of mRNA regions targeted by PMO but did not correlate with C+G content of targeted regions. The effects of PMO length and position were corroborated by using PMOs (6 to 20 bases) targeted to acpP, a gene required for viability. Because inhibition by PMOs of approximately 11 bases was unexpected based on previous results in eukaryotes, we tested an 11-base PMO in HeLa cells and reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesis reactions. The 11-base PMO significantly inhibited luciferase expression in HeLa cells, although less than did a 20-base PMO. In reticulocyte cell-free reactions, there was a trend toward more inhibition with longer PMOs. These studies indicate that strategies for designing PMOs are substantially different for prokaryotic than eukaryotic targets.
CMT-3. CollaGenex. (2003)

CMT-3 is an orally active matrix metalloprotease inhibitor, and one of a series of inhibitors of multiple proteases and cytokines, under development by CollaGenex. The compound is currently undergoing phase II trials for the potential treatment of cancer, in particular metastatic cancer and HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
Acetylated saponins with molluscicidal activity from Sapindus rarak : Unambiguous structure determination by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and quantitative analysis (1992)

Abstract Four monodesmosidic triglycosides, bearing up to two acetyl moieties on the terminal sugar, have been isolated from the pericarp of fruits of Sapindus rarak DC (Sapindaceae). The positions of the acetyl groups and interglycosidic linkages have been established by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, including double‐quantum filtered phase‐sensitive COSY and homonuclear Overhauser enhancement difference measurements. A method for the qualitative analysis of saponins by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed. The total saponin content was determined by HPLC analysis of hederagenin liberated by acidic hydrolysis of the methanolic extract. The molluscicidal activity (LC 100/24h ) of the saponins ranges from 6.25 to 12.5 ppm.
Streaming video transforms the media industry (2004)

After years of promises, streaming media has finally arrived. Skeptics argued for years that IP-based videa was an overhyped technology that only succeeded in frustrating users by its high failure rate. But proponents maintained that streaming was first and foremost about access, and that full-screen, DVD-quality video was a matter of time. Developments have proved them right. Streaming media is causing a sea change in education, business, and mass media. Millions of people watch live newscasts, sports, and concerts on their PCs. Universities deploy streaming technology to enhance their distance learning programs, and corporations use it to improve knowledge-sharing and cross-company cooperation. Media companies and broadcasters are opening their archives, giving consumers access to thousands of popular and long-forgotten movies, documentaries, and 50 years of television programming. Web casters are proliferating, targeting audiences ranging from homemakers to business professionals, and advertisers insert interactive audiovisual ads in Web pages. Streaming is not limited to PCs. Wireless carriers target mobile phones with made-for-mobile content, and several carriers are preparing to launch live TV services for mobile phones. Streaming combines the immediacy of with the interactivity of the internet and is revolutionizing the media landscape. Its provides access-on-demand rich media anywhere on any device. Based on Internet protocols, sttreaming technology enables small companies and individuals to become Web casters with a global audience.
Integrins and Extracellular Matrix in Mechanotransduction (2010)

Integrins bind extracellular matrix fibrils and associate with intracellular actin filaments through a variety of cytoskeletal linker proteins to mechanically connect intracellular and extracellular structures. Each component of the linkage from the cytoskeleton through the integrin-mediated adhesions to the extracellular matrix therefore transmits forces that may derive from both intracellular, myosin-generated contractile forces and forces from outside the cell. These forces activate a wide range of signaling pathways and genetic programs to control cell survival, fate, and behavior. Additionally, cells sense the physical properties of their surrounding environment through forces exerted on integrin-mediated adhesions. This article first summarizes current knowledge about regulation of cell function by mechanical forces acting through integrin-mediated adhesions and then discusses models for mechanotransduction and sensing of environmental forces.
Rational attenuation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: potential cheesy gland vaccine and live delivery vehicle (1992)

The phospholipase D (PLD) gene (pld) has been deleted from the Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis chromosome by using site-specific mutagenesis. Sheep infection trials indicate that the PLD-negative C. pseudotuberculosis strain (Toxminus) is incapable of inducing caseous lymphadentis (cheesy gland) even at doses two logs higher than that at which the wild-type strain produces the disease. This clearly establishes PLD as a major C. pseudotuberculosis virulence factor. Vaccination of sheep with live Toxminus C. pseudotuberculosis elicits strong humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and protects the animals from wild-type challenge.