gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and release from hippocampal neurons is mediated by non-NMDA type glutamate receptors (1994)

We have examined the influence of glutamate on cortical brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Kainic acid (KA) produced an upregulation of hippocampal and neocortical BDNF mRNA as well as BDNF protein that was blocked by a non-NMDA antagonist, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), but was not affected by the NMDA antagonist 2-amino-7- phosphonoheptanoic acid (AP7). Basal levels of BDNF mRNA were not affected by NMDA, DNQX, or AP7 treatment. BDNF protein was also increased after kainate exposure with a spatial and temporal course distinct from that seen for the expression of BDNF mRNA. A dramatic shift in BDNF immunoreactivity (-IR) was observed from intracellular compartments to the neuropil surrounding CA3 pyramidal cells 2–3 hr after KA exposure. This shift in localization of BDNF-IR suggests a constitutive release of BDNF at the level of the cell body and dendrites. Moreover, we have localized mRNAs for full-length and truncated trkB, to a co-incident population of neurons and glia. These data suggest the neurons that produce BDNF also express components necessary for a biological response to the same neurotrophic factor. The present study also demonstrates increased BDNF-IR in the mossy fiber terminal zone of hippocampus after exposure to KA, as well as an increase in trkB mRNA, and provides evidence of local release of this neurotrophin into the surrounding neuropil where it would be available for local utilization. The synthesis and putative release of BDNF from somatic and/or dendritic sites within the hippocampus provide evidence of a potential autocrine or paracrine role for BDNF, and establish a local source of trophic support for the maintenance of synaptic plasticity and anatomic reorganization in the mature nervous system.
Point-To-Multipoint Communication Over Broadcast Links (1984)

In this paper we study some link control protocols for use in point-to-multipoint communication over broadcast links. We concentrate on automatic repeat request protocols of the go-back- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> type and define, analyze, and compare three such protocols. A major contribution of this paper is a relatively simple protocol which is easy to implement and performs very well under a wide range of conditions. Our analytical models show that this protocol performs considerably better than the other go-back- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> protocols, particularly in environments with a large number of receivers.
Near-Infrared Analysis (NIRA): A Technology for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis (1986)

Abstract The near-infrared (NIR) region (defined by the ASTM Working Group on NIR as 180 to 2526 nm, October 1985) was the first nonvisible portion of the spectrum to be found, in 1800, by Herschel [1]. The vibrational absorptions in the near-infrared are overtone and combination frequencies of absorption bands that occur in the mid-infrared. These overtones and combinations cause overlapping absorption bands, which make it more difficult to visually identify chemical groupings of a molecule from their near-infrared spectra than from the “fingerprint” region of the mid-infrared spectrum. The overtone and combination bands are one to three orders of magnitude weaker than the fundamental bands. This provides singularly useful sampling advantages.
Studies on the biosynthesis of the .ALPHA.-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Valienamine, a m-C7N unit not derived from the shikimate pathway. (1987)

Feeding experiments with Actinoplanes sp. SN223/29 showed that 3-amino-5-hydroxy-[7-13C]benzoic acid is not incorporated into acarbose (I). The valienamine moiety of I is thus not derived in the same way, from the shikimate pathway, as the m-C7N units in the ansamycin, mitomycin and ansamitocin antibiotics. Feeding experiments with [U-13C3]-glycerol followed by analysis of I by multiple quantum NMR spectroscopy support this conclusion and point to formation of the valienamine moiety by cyclization of a heptulose phosphate which arises from a triose phosphate via successive transfer of two 2-carbon fragments by transketolase, as proposed by Pape and co-workers.
[Construction of recombinant plasmid pYTA/Abeta-HBcAg and its expression in E.coli]. (2004)

Recombinant gene Abeta-HBcAg can be expressed in E.coli DH5alpha. The expression protein exists in supernatant of the bacteria lysate and has good immunogenicity. This study lays the foundation for the experimental animal study of AD gene-engineering vaccine.
BioJava: an open-source framework for bioinformatics (2008)

BioJava is an open-source project distributed under the Lesser GPL (LGPL). BioJava can be downloaded from the BioJava website (http://www.biojava.org). BioJava requires Java 1.5 or higher. All queries should be directed to the BioJava mailing lists. Details are available at http://biojava.org/wiki/BioJava:MailingLists.
Digital Video Interactive; The Technology And Its Applications (1988)

One of the more significant recent applications of optical recording technology is the audio compact disc. This application is significant not only from the viewpoint of the audiophile, who now has available a stunning-quality audio reproduction system, but also in the eyes of the digital-data-storage world, because the CD&apos;s 72-minutes of impeccable audio resides on the disc in 600 megabytes of equally-impeccable code.
Transcriptome transfer produces a predictable cellular phenotype (2009)

Cellular phenotype is the conglomerate of multiple cellular processes involving gene and protein expression that result in the elaboration of a cell's particular morphology and function. It has been thought that differentiated postmitotic cells have their genomes hard wired, with little ability for phenotypic plasticity. Here we show that transfer of the transcriptome from differentiated rat astrocytes into a nondividing differentiated rat neuron resulted in the conversion of the neuron into a functional astrocyte-like cell in a time-dependent manner. This single-cell study permits high resolution of molecular and functional components that underlie phenotype identity. The RNA population from astrocytes contains RNAs in the appropriate relative abundances that give rise to regulatory RNAs and translated proteins that enable astrocyte identity. When transferred into the postmitotic neuron, the astrocyte RNA population converts 44% of the neuronal host cells into the destination astrocyte-like phenotype. In support of this observation, quantitative measures of cellular morphology, single-cell PCR, single-cell microarray, and single-cell functional analyses have been performed. The host-cell phenotypic changes develop over many weeks and are persistent. We call this process of RNA-induced phenotype changes, transcriptome-induced phenotype remodeling.
Inverse scattering for high-resolution interferometric microscopy (2006)

We extend the applicability of inverse scattering for optical coherence tomography (OCT) to the case of high numerical aperture focusing optics. We include the effects of tight focusing so that the approach is applicable to any interferometric microscopy method. The applicability to modalities, such as OCT and optical coherence microscopy, enables computed reconstruction of three-dimensional volumes from en face temporal ranging data. Simulations show that the computed structure outside of the focal plane exhibits spatially invariant resolution on par with the resolution achieved at the focal plane.
Dynamic Digital Channelizer Based on Spectrum Sensing (2015)

The ability to efficiently channelize a received signal with dynamic sub-channel bandwidths is a key requirement of software defined radio (SDR) systems. The digital channelizer, which is used to split the received signal into a number of sub-channels, plays an important role in SDR systems. In this paper, a design of dynamic digital channelizer is presented. The proposed method is novel in that it employs a cosine modulated filter bank (CMFB) to divide the received signal into multiple frequency sub-bands and a spectrum sensing technique, which is mostly used in cognitive radio, is introduced to detect the presence of signal of each sub-band. The method of spectrum sensing is carried out based on the eigenvalues of covariance matrix of received signal. The ratio of maximum-minimum eigenvalue of each sub-band is vulnerable to noise fluctuation. This paper suggests an optimized method to calculate the ratio of maximum-minimum eigenvalue. The simulation results imply that the design of digital channelizer can effectively separate the received signal with dynamically changeable sub-channel signals.
Alkaliphiles: Some Applications of Their Products for Biotechnology (1999)

The term "alkaliphile" is used for microorganisms that grow optimally or very well at pH values above 9 but cannot grow or grow only slowly at the near-neutral pH value of 6.5. Alkaliphiles include prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea. Many different taxa are represented among the alkaliphiles, and some of these have been proposed as new taxa. Alkaliphiles can be isolated from normal environments such as garden soil, although viable counts of alkaliphiles are higher in samples from alkaline environments. The cell surface may play a key role in keeping the intracellular pH value in the range between 7 and 8.5, allowing alkaliphiles to thrive in alkaline environments, although adaptation mechanisms have not yet been clarified. Alkaliphiles have made a great impact in industrial applications. Biological detergents contain alkaline enzymes, such as alkaline cellulases and/or alkaline proteases, that have been produced from alkaliphiles. The current proportion of total world enzyme production destined for the laundry detergent market exceeds 60%. Another important application is the industrial production of cyclodextrin by alkaline cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase. This enzyme has reduced the production cost and paved the way for cyclodextrin use in large quantities in foodstuffs, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. It has also been reported that alkali-treated wood pulp could be biologically bleached by xylanases produced by alkaliphiles. Other applications of various aspects of alkaliphiles are also discussed.
Simultaneous measurement of six layers in a silicon on insulator film stack using spectrophotometry and beam profile reflectometry (1997)

We performed simultaneous measurements of all the layer thicknesses in six layer silicon on oxide film structures. Visible-near-infrared spectrophotometry was combined with beam profile reflectometry to produce enough information to discriminate between potential solutions; the spectrometer or beam profile reflectometer alone is insufficient to solve such a complicated film stack. Development of a robust measurement recipe required a new global optimization method working in parameter spaces of up to 12 parameters. The recipe obtained was applied to a 50 site mapping of the wafer. We found excellent agreement between our optical measurement results and scanning electron micrograph data for all thicknesses.
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy of B‐cell lymphoma (2016)

Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new, highly-selective cancer theranostics that employs an antibody-photo absorber conjugate (APC). NIR-PIT has successfully treated preclinical tumor models with APCs and is now in the first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial for head and neck cancer patients against EGFR. CD20 is highly expressed in many B-cell lymphomas and is emerging as a molecular target for this disease. Here, we describe the use of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), rituximab-IR700 APC for NIR-PIT of B-cell lymphoma in two CD20-expressing lymphoma mouse models. CD20 expressing B-cell lymphoma cell lines (Daudi and Ramos) were used in this study. Rituximab-IR700, rituximab conjugated with IRDye700DX, showed specific binding, and cell-specific killing only after exposure of NIR light to both cells in vitro. To evaluate effects of NIR-PIT in vivo, tumor-bearing mice were separated into 4 groups: (1) control; (2) APC i.v. only; (3) NIR light exposure only; (4) APC and NIR light (NIR-PIT). These were performed every week for up to 3 weeks. Rituximab-IR700 showed high tumor accumulation and high target-to-background ratio in vivo. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited by NIR-PIT in comparison with the other groups (p < 0.001 for both tumors), and survival was significantly prolonged in both tumors (p < 0.001 for Daudi tumors and p < 0.0001 for Ramos tumors vs other groups). More than half of tumors were cured with this single regimen of NIR-PIT. In conclusion, anti-CD20 rituximab-IR700 works as a highly effective APC for NIR-PIT against B-cell lymphoma.
Thermal rearrangements of aromatic compounds. 11. Benzene ring contractions at high temperatures. Evidence from the thermal interconversions of aceanthrylene, acephenanthrylene, and fluoranthene (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal rearrangements of aromatic compounds. 11. Benzene ring contractions at high temperatures. Evidence from the thermal interconversions of aceanthrylene, acephenanthrylene, and fluorantheneLawrence T. Scott and Nicolas H. RoelofsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 18, 5461–5465Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00252a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00252a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Collagen-platelet interactions: evidence for a direct interaction of collagen with platelet GPIa/IIa and an indirect interaction with platelet GPIIb/IIIa mediated by adhesive proteins (1989)

Using intact human platelets as the immunogen and a functional, collagen-coated bead agglutination assay, we have produced a murine monoclonal antibody (6F1) that blocks the interaction between platelets and collagen in the presence of Mg++. 6F1 affinity-purified the platelet glycoprotein Ia/IIa complex, and approximately 800 molecules of 6F1 bound per platelet at saturation. 6F1 nearly completely inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation and inhibited platelet adhesion to collagen by greater than 95% when plasma proteins were absent. Antibody 10E5, which blocks the binding of adhesive glycoproteins to GPIIb/IIIa, produced only minor inhibition (approximately 25%) of adhesion under the same circumstances. In contrast, when tested in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), 6F1 had only a minor effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation, prolonging the lag phase but not the slope or maximum aggregation. Similarly, when collagen was precoated with plasma, 6F1 caused less inhibition of platelet adhesion (53%) than without the precoating (greater than 95%). Antibody 10E5 inhibited this adhesion by 32%, and the combination of 6F1 and 10E5 was more effective than either alone, inhibiting it by 90%. Time course studies of platelet agglutination of collagen-coated beads using PRP containing physiologic concentrations of divalent cations showed early inhibition by 6F1, indicating that the GPIa/IIa receptor operates in this environment. With more prolonged incubation, however, 6F1 was less effective; this later agglutination could be partially prevented by adding 10E5 or PGE1 to the 6F1. These data support a model wherein collagen can directly interact with GPIa/IIa and can indirectly interact with GPIIb/IIIa via intermediary adhesive proteins. The physiological significance of these interactions, and potential interactions with other receptors, remains to be established.
Resonant tunneling in semiconductor double barriers (1974)

Resonant tunneling of electrons has been observed in double-barrier structures having a thin GaAs sandwiched between two GaAlas barriers. The resonance manifests itself as peaks or humps in the tunneling current at voltages near the quasistationary states of the potential well. The structures have been fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy which produces extremely smooth films and interfaces.
A Test Of The Electric Heating Process As A Means Of Stimulating The Productivity Of An Oil Well In The Schoonebeek Field (1992)

Abstract A stimulation test using electric heating was conducted on a single oilproduction well in the Schoonebeek reservoir in The Netherlands during 1989 and1990. The performance of the test and its interpretation is described. The Bentheim reservoir sands are 31 m thick with a porosity of 0.3 and apermeability in the range 0.2 - 4 µm2; the oil has an in-situviscosity at 160 mPa.s and is waxy with a cloud point very close to thereservoir temperature of 40 °C. The reservoir pressure of about 7000 kPa issupported by a strong edge aquifer. The objective of the test was to stimulateoil production with heat and, particularly, to melt wax that was suspected tobe present either near the wellbore or uniformly throughout thereservoir. Prior to stimulation the oil production rate was 13 m3/d at a watercut of 35%. As the surface power dissipated was increased above 60 kW, the oilproduction rate increased abruptly to 30 m3/d with a bottomholetemperature in the range 54 to 60 °C; at higher power levels no furtherincrease of production rate was observed. Analytical methods proved very useful for understanding the electric healingprocess, particularly for tracing the electric current flow path in thereservoir and for modelling the heat distribution and production response.Numerical simulations of the well's performance showed that the observed abruptincrease of oil production rate was compatible with the melting 01 wax at 60 °Cand partial removal of a skin (of approximately 27) but not of a wax depositeduniformly throughout the reservoir. Introduction Though electrical heating has been used to stimulate well productivity alvarious times over the last 25 years, it is not widely applied. A lest of thestimulation method was recently completed on Well SCH-280 in the RW2-E area ofthe Schoonebeek oil reservoir of The Netherlands (see Figs. 1 and 2) by the Nederlandse Aardolle Maatschappij B. V. (NAM). In this paper we describe theproperties of the Schoonebeek reservoirand the characteristics of Well SCH-280and review the objectives, test programme and actual performance of theelectric heating stimulation (EHS) test. In several respects, the informationrequired to interpret the test unambiguously was not available. To circumventthese limitations, methods were developed for inferring the electric currentflow path and heat distribution in the reservoir, Using both analytical andnumerical simulation methods, a broadly consistent interpretation of the testwas developed and this is described herein. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF OTHER ELECTRIC HEATING TESTS Over the last 25 years there have been a number of reports in the literature ofplanned or executed field tests of the electric heating process, mostly basedon the ohmic dissipation of electric energy in the formation. Electrothermic Co., for example, stimulated four wells of the Little Tom field in South Texas.The reservoir there contains 8 - 12 °API gravity oil with a high pour point[1,2].
Serum YKL-40 Is Associated with Osteoarthritis and Atherosclerosis in Nonhuman Primates (2001)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of chronic disability in the US (1). Because individuals with early stages of the disease are often asymptomatic, a biomarker of early OA may be useful. Adult cynomolgus macaques develop naturally occurring OA that closely resembles the human disease (2)(3)(4). Radiographic, histologic, and immunohistochemical analyses show a high frequency of lesions in the knee joints of these animals. Lesions are most severe in the medial tibial plateau and are characterized by fibrillation, clefting, and loss of articular cartilage with a concomitant, marked thickening of the subjacent subchondral bone (4).

YKL-40 (also known as human cartilage glycoprotein-39 or 38-kDa heparin-binding glycoprotein), a major secretory protein of human chondrocytes and synovial cells (5), is increased in the serum and synovial fluid of individuals with joint or cartilage disease (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). YKL-40 mRNA expression is also increased in the cartilage of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (10). YKL-40, first identified as a major product secreted by osteosarcoma MG63 cells (11), is also produced by fibrotic liver cells and breast cancer cells and not by skin or lung fibroblasts [for a review, see Ref. (8)]. YKL-40 expression is induced during the late stages of differentiation in the transition of monocytes to activated macrophages (12)(13), and YKL-40 mRNA is present in macrophages in human atherosclerotic lesions (14).

The N-terminal amino acid sequence of YKL-40 begins with Tyr-Lys-Leu (YKL), and the protein migrates at 40 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; hence the YKL-40 designation. YKL-40 binds heparin (15)(16) and chitin and has structural similarity to chitinolytic enzymes, although it lacks chitinase activity (10)(15). Thus, YKL-40 may function as a lectin or glycohydrolase of unknown specificity. YKL-40 expression patterns suggest …
Motion segmentation with missing data using powerfactorization and GPCA (2004)

We consider the problem of segmenting multiple rigid motions from point correspondences in multiple affine views. We cast this problem as a subspace clustering problem in which the motion of each object lives in a subspace of dimension two, three or four. Unlike previous work, we do not restrict the motion subspaces to be four-dimensional or linearly independent. Instead, our approach deals gracefully with all the spectrum of possible affine motions: from two-dimensional and partially dependent to four-dimensional and fully independent. In addition, our method handles the case of missing data, meaning that point tracks do not have to be visible in all images. Our approach involves projecting the point trajectories of all the points into a 5-dimensional space, using the PowerFactorization method to fill in missing data. Then multiple linear subspaces representing independent motions is fitted to the points in R5 using GPCA. We test our algorithm on various real sequences with degenerate and nondegenerate motions, missing data, perspective effects, transparent motions, etc. Our algorithm achieves a misclassification error of less than 5% for sequences with up to 30% of missing data points.