gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Curcumin targets multiple enzymes involved in the ROS metabolic pathway to suppress tumor cell growth (2018)

Curcumin has been reported to exhibit anti-tumorigenic activity; however, since its precise actions remain unclear, its effects are considered to be deceptive. In the present study, we confirmed the anti-tumorigenic effects of curcumin on CML-derived leukemic cells in a xenograft model and in vitro culture system. In vitro pull-down and mass analyses revealed a series of enzymes (carbonyl reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, glyoxalase, etc.) that function in a reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic pathway as curcumin-binding targets, the expression of which was up-regulated in human leukemia. Curcumin increased ROS levels over the threshold in leukemic cells, and the antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) and overexpression of curcumin-binding enzymes partially mitigated the up-regulation of ROS and growth inhibition caused by curcumin. These results show that curcumin specifically inhibits tumor growth by increasing ROS levels over the threshold through the miscellaneous inhibition of ROS metabolic enzymes. Curcumin has potential in therapy to regulate ROS levels in tumor cells, thereby controlling tumor growth.
Don't Forget Long-Term Fundamental Research in Energy (2007)

Achieving a fundamental understanding of the phenomena that will underpin both global stewardship and future technologies in energy calls for a thoughtful balance between large-scale immediate solutions using existing technology and the fundamental research needed to provide better solutions in the 50-year period.
Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-7/Interleukin-24 Promotes Tumor Cell-Specific Apoptosis through Both Secretory and Nonsecretory Pathways (2004)

Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (Mda-7/IL-24), a novel member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, uniquely displays cancer-specific apoptosis-inducing activity. Positive results in ongoing phase I/II clinical trials have strengthened the possibility of its utilization as a cancer gene therapeutic. Previous studies document that signaling events leading to Ad.mda-7-induced transformed cell apoptosis are tyrosine kinase-independent. These results suggest that mda-7/IL-24 cancer cell-specific activity could occur through mechanisms independent of binding to its currently recognized cognate receptors and might even occur independent of receptor function. An adenovirus vector expressing a nonsecreted version of MDA-7/IL-24 protein was generated via deletion of its signal peptide. This nonsecreted protein was as effective as wild-type secreted MDA-7/IL-24 in inducing apoptosis in prostate carcinoma cell lines and displayed transformed cell specificity and localization of MDA-7/IL-24 in the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum compartments. Our results indicate that mda-7/IL-24-mediated apoptosis can be triggered through a combination of intracellular as well as secretory mechanisms and can occur efficiently in the absence of protein secretion.
Carrier transport in transparent oxide semiconductor with intrinsic structural randomness probed using single-crystalline InGaO3(ZnO)5 films (2004)

We have investigated carrier transport in a crystalline oxide semiconductor InGaO3(ZnO)5 using single-crystalline thin films. When carrier concentration is less than 2×1018cm−3, logarithm of electrical conductivity decreases in proportion to T−1∕4 and room-temperature Hall mobility was as low as ∼1cm2(Vs)−1. When carrier concentration was increased to 4×1018cm−3, the conduction mechanism changed to degenerate conduction and room-temperature Hall mobility was steeply increased to &amp;gt;10cm2(Vs)−1, showing metal–insulator transition behavior. These results are explained by percolation conduction over distribution of potential barriers formed around conduction band edge. The potential distribution is a consequence of potential modulation originating from random distribution of Ga3+ and Zn2+ ions in the crystal structure of InGaO3(ZnO)5.
Obtaining a higherVoc in HIT cells (2005)

We have achieved a very high conversion efficiency of 21·5% in HIT cells with a size of 100·3 cm2. One of the most striking features of the HIT cell is its high open-circuit voltage Voc, in excess of 710 mV. This is due to the excellent surface passivation at the a-Si/c-Si heterointerface realized by Sanyo's successful technologies for fabricating high-quality a-Si films and solar cells with low plasma damage processes. We have studied ways to treat the surface to produce a good interface throughout our fabrication processes. We have also investigated the deposition conditions of a-Si layers for optimizing the barrier height for the minority carriers in the heterojunction. Our approach for obtaining HIT cells with a high Voc is reviewed here. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High-Resolution Ghost Image and Ghost Diffraction Experiments with Thermal Light (2005)

High-resolution ghost image and ghost diffraction experiments are performed by using a single classical source of pseudothermal speckle light divided by a beam splitter. Passing from the image to the diffraction result solely relies on changing the optical setup in the reference arm, while leaving the object arm untouched. The product of spatial resolutions of the ghost image and ghost diffraction experiments is shown to overcome a limit which seemed to be achievable only with entangled photons.
Multiple displacement amplification as a pre-polymerase chain reaction (pre-PCR) to detect ultra low population ofRalstonia solanacearum(Smith 1896) Yabuchiet al.(1996) (2009)

The ultrasensitive detection technique developed in the present study is sensitive and speedy enough to be included into integrated wilt disease control programmes.
Egress: a receptor‐regulated step in lymphocyte trafficking (2003)

Blood lymphocyte numbers, which are maintained by recirculation through secondary lymphoid organs, are essential for the efficient development of immune responses. Recirculating populations of B and T lymphocytes are regulated by the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor-dependent control of lymphocyte egress. T-cell egress from thymus into blood, egress from lymph node and Peyer's patch into lymph, and B-cell egress into lymph are rapidly and completely inhibited by agonism of S1P receptors. Mesenteric lymph nodes show log-jamming of lymphocytes subjacent to sinus-lining endothelium. Agonism of S1P receptors produces rapid peripheral blood lymphopenia, which is maintained in the presence of receptor agonist. Effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, produced by clonal expansion in draining lymph node in response to antigen, are sequestered in lymph node and fail to reach the peripheral blood. The S1P receptor system may represent an early physiological link between the non-specific inflammatory response and the alteration of lymphocyte traffic through draining lymph nodes. Pharmacological subversion of the S1P receptor system, through systemic S1P agonist-induced inhibition of lymphocyte egress, suppresses antigenic responses to peripheral, but not to systemically, delivered antigen. This inhibition induces significant immunosuppression in models of transplantation and autoimmune tissue damage that may prove to be of clinical benefit.
Abnormal desmoglein expression by squamous cell carcinoma cells. (1996)

Abnormal expression of cell adhesion molecules and related proteins has been observed in various carcinoma cells. We compared expression patterns of desmosomal cadherins, E-cadherin, and cytoplasmic plaque proteins of four different human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and in vivo squamous cell carcinoma cells with those of normal human keratinocytes. Unlike normal human keratinocytes, the squamous cell carcinoma cells, both in culture and in vivo, exhibited diminished or unusual expression of desmoglein 3 and desmoglein 1, which bear pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus antigens, respectively. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin and cytoplasmic plaque proteins such as desmoplakin and plakoglobin was also observed. Western blotting study demonstrated that three squamous cell carcinoma cell lines expressed two desmogleins with a predominant 150 kDa molecule, and a minor 130 kDa one. Although these molecular sizes were similar to those of cultured normal human keratinocytes, the 130 kDa desmoglein, which usually carries pemphigus antigenic epitopes, was weakly or negatively reactive with pemphigus vulgaris serum. One squamous cell carcinoma cell line showed a doublet of 140 and 145 kDa bands in addition to the 130 kDa band. All the carcinoma cell lines constantly expressed desmoglein 2 and desmoglein 3 mRNA, whereas cultured normal human keratinocytes always expressed desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 mRNA, with or without desmoglein 2 mRNA. These findings indicate that the squamous cell carcinoma cells revealed abnormal expression of desmoglein isoforms, which may be related to tumor cell kinetics such as cell invasion and metastasis.
Novel Nucleotide Analogues as Potential Substrates for TMPK, a Key Enzyme in the Metabolism of AZT (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
How many membrane proteins are there? (1998)

One of the basic issues that arises in functional genomics is the ability to predict the subcellular location of proteins that are deduced from gene and genome sequencing. In particular, one would like to be able to readily specify those proteins that are soluble and those that are inserted in a membrane. Traditional methods of distinguishing between these two locations have relied on extensive, time-consuming biochemical studies. The alternative approach has been to make inferences based on a visual search of the amino acid sequences of presumed gene products for stretches of hydrophobic amino acids. This numerical, sequence-based approach is usually seen as a first approximation pending more reliable biochemical data. The recent availability of large and complete sequence data sets for several organisms allows us to determine just how accurate such a numerical approach could be, and to attempt to minimize and quantify the error involved. We have optimized a statistical approach to protein location determination. Using our approach, we have determined that surprisingly few proteins are misallocated using the numerical method. We also examine the biological implications of the success of this technique.
Tetrocarcins, novel antitumor antibiotics. I. Producing organism, fermentation and antimicrobial activity. (1980)

A novel antitumor antibiotic complex has been obtained from the culture broth of Actinomycete strain DO-11 (KY11091) isolated from a soil sample collected in Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. On the taxonomic studies the producing organism is described as Micromonospora chalcea KY11091. For the production of the antibiotics, soluble starch served as a good carbon source and yeast extract was the best nitrogen source tested. The antibiotic complex designated as tetrocarcins is active against Gram-positive bacteria, but is not active against Gram-negative bacteria. Tetrocarcin A showed bacteriocidal activity against Bacillus subtilis.
Transfer of a chemical substrate pattern into an island-forming diblock copolymer film (1999)

We investigate the transfer of a chemical pattern on a substrate into a symmetric diblock copolymer thin film of poly(styrene-2-vinylpyridine) (PS-PVP). The substrates have patterns of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) produced by microcontact printing H3C-terminated (H3C-) SAM stripes alternating with HO-terminated (HO-) SAM stripes. The PS-PVP lamellae over the H3C-SAM have a defect structure that attracts excess PS-PVP that would normally form islands on a uniform HO-SAM stripe. We seek to understand the process that limits our ability to accommodate all excess polymers on top of the H3C-SAM. In the early stages of annealing, waves of thickness develop from the H3C/HO-SAM boundary and propagate into the film over the HO-SAM. For very short annealing times, the wavelength λ of these thickness waves is constant at any given time for all grating periodicities. Large amplitude patterns develop when λ=2d/(2n−1), where d is the width of the HO-SAM stripe and n is an integer ⩾1. Such patterns suggest constructive interference of the thickness waves and indeed much lower amplitudes over the HO-SAM stripes are observed when λ=d/n (destructive interference). This behavior seems close to that seen for surface-directed spinodal decomposition waves in thin films of binary polymer mixtures. We achieve more complete transfer of excess copolymers from the HO-SAM stripe to the H3C-SAM ones if the film is preordered under a confining layer that does not permit the formation of surface features.
Use of maleimide-thiol coupling chemistry for efficient syntheses of oligonucleotide-enzyme conjugate hybridization probes (1990)

Two general methods which exploit the reactivity of sulfhydryl groups toward maleimides are described for the synthesis of oligonucleotide-enzyme conjugates for use as nonradioisotopic hybridization probes. In the first approach, 6-maleimidohexanoic acid succinimido ester was used to couple 5'-thiolated oligonucleotide to calf intestine alkaline phosphatase to provide a 1:1 conjugate in 80-85% yield. The second strategy employed N,N'-1,2-phenylenedimaleimide to cross-link thiolated horseradish peroxidase or beta-galactosidase with a 5'-thiolated oligonucleotide in 58% and 65% yields, respectively. The oligonucleotide-alkaline phosphatase conjugate was able to detect 6 amol of target DNA in 4 h, while the horseradish peroxidase conjugate was found to be 40-fold lower in its sensitivity of detection by using dye precipitation assays.
Safety of the Synthetic Retinoid Fenretinide: Long-Term Results From a Controlled Clinical Trial for the Prevention of Contralateral Breast Cancer (2001)

Given the number of patients involved in the study and the prolonged intake of the drug, the experience on fenretinide tolerability can be considered sufficiently reassuring to justify further testing of the retinoid.
Synthesis of Cyclophellitol Utilizing a Palladium Chloride Mediated-Ferrier-II Rearrangement (2005)

Cyclophellitol and its C3-epimer have been synthesized from5-enoglucopyranoside and 5-enomannopyranoside, respectively. The carbocyclic skeletonwas constructed through a Ferrier-II reaction meditated by PdCl2.
Modification of the Miya hook in vaginal colpopexy. (1995)

The ease of this modification should promote the use of this instrument in performing vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation.
Utilizing tactile feedback for biomimetic grasping control in upper limb prostheses (2013)

A biomimetic system for enhancing the control and reliability of grasping with prosthetic hands was designed and experimentally evaluated. Barometric pressure sensors as well as a force-sensitive resistor (FSR) were placed on a prosthetic hand to provide valuable tactile feedback. Contact and slip detection grip control algorithms were developed to interpret force signals for enhancing stable grasping. Recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology enable the amputee to select between grip control strategies based on the desired object to be grasped. Experimental results indicate that the control algorithms are capable of utilizing real-time force responses to detect object contact as well as slip. By allowing the user to act as a high-level controller with RFID technology, a multi-faceted low-level controller that responds to tactile feedback can be developed for enhancing grasping functionality in prosthetic hands.
Evidence for in situ amplification of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes with antitumor activity in a human regressive melanoma. (1993)

We have derived from lymphocytes infiltrating a human regressive melanoma lesion a series of T-cell receptor alpha/beta-dependent, HLA-B14-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones reactive against the autologous tumor. Analysis of the T-cell receptor gene expression revealed that all the clones represented a unique cell expressing a V beta 13.1/J beta 1.1 gene segment. T-cell receptor transcripts expressed in the cloned cells were compared to those present in the uncultured tumor tissue. This analysis demonstrated that the specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones characterized in vitro was actually selected and amplified in vivo at the lesion site. These results provide strong evidence that effector T-cells have contributed to tumor regression.
Additions and Corrections - Total Synthesis of Elfamycins: Aurodox and Efrotomycin. 1. Strategy and Construction of Key Intermediates (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Total Synthesis of Elfamycins: Aurodox and Efrotomycin. 1. Strategy and Construction of Key IntermediatesR. Dolle and K. NicolaouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 20, 5832Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online31 March 2004Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00306a601https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00306a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Up/down and P/S decompositions of elastic wavefields using complex seismic traces with applications to calculating Poynting vectors and angle-domain common-image gathers from reverse time migrations (2016)

ABSTRACT Separations of up- and down-going as well as of P- and S-waves are often a part of processing of multicomponent recorded data and propagating wavefields. Most previous methods for separating up/down propagating wavefields are expensive because of the requirement to save time steps to perform Fourier transforms over time. An alternate approach for separation of up-and down-going waves, based on extrapolation of complex data traces is extended from acoustic to elastic, and combined with P- and S-wave decomposition by decoupled propagation. This preserves all the information in the original data and eliminates the need for a Fourier transform over time, thereby significantly reducing the storage cost and improving computational efficiency. Wavefield decomposition is applied to synthetic elastic VSP data and propagating wavefield snapshots. Poynting vectors obtained from the particle velocity and stress fields after P/S and up/down decompositions are much more accurate than those without because interference between the corresponding wavefronts is significantly reduced. Elastic reverse time migration with the P/S and up/down decompositions indicated significant improvement compared with those without decompositions, when applied to elastic data from a portion of the Marmousi2 model.
High-Dose Melphalan and Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Patients with AL Amyloidosis: An 8-Year Study (2004)

Treatment of selected patients with AL amyloidosis by using high-dose melphalan and stem-cell transplantation resulted in hematologic remission, improved 5-year survival, and reversal of amyloid-related disease in a substantial proportion.
Directed Copolymer Assembly on Chemical Substrate Patterns:  A Phenomenological and Single-Chain-in-Mean-Field Simulations Study of the Influence of Roughness in the Substrate Pattern (2007)

The directed assembly of lamella-forming copolymer systems on substrates chemically patterned with rough stripes has been studied using a Helfrich-type, phenomenological theory and Single-Chain-in-Mean-Field (SCMF) simulations. The stripe period matches that of the lamellar spacing in the bulk. The effect of the line edge roughness (LER) of the substrate pattern on the microphase-separated morphology was investigated considering two generic types of substrate LER with a single characteristic wavelength imposed on the edges of the stripes: undulation and peristaltic LER. In both cases, the domain interfaces are pinned to the rough stripe boundary at the substrate and, thus, are deformed. We study how this deformation decays as a function of the distance from the substrate. The simple theory and the SCMF simulations demonstrate that one of the basic factors determining the decay of the roughness transferred into the self-assembled morphology is the characteristic LER wavelength of the substrate pattern; i.e., the distance over which the roughness propagates away from the substrate increases with wavelength. However, both approaches reveal that, for a quantitative understanding of the consequences of substrate LER, it is important to consider the interplay of the pattern wavelength with the other characteristic length scales of the system, such as the film thickness and the bulk lamellar spacing. For instance, in thin films, the induced deformation of the lamellar interface decays slower with distance from the patterned surface than in thicker films. It is shown that the phenomenological theory can capture many of the same qualitative results as the SCMF simulations for copolymer assembly on substrate patterns with LER, but, at the same time, is limited by an incomplete description of the constraints on the polymer chain conformations imposed by the substrate.
Alternative primary structures in the transmembrane domain of the chicken erythroid anion transporter. (1988)

Isolation and characterization of the chicken erythroid anion transporter (band 3) cDNA clone, pCHB3-1, revealed that the chicken erythroid band 3 polypeptide is 844 amino acids in length with a predicted mass of 109,000 daltons. This polypeptide is composed of a hydrophilic N-terminal cytoplasmic domain and a hydrophobic C-terminal transmembrane domain. The approximately 90 N-terminal amino acids of the human and murine erythroid band 3 polypeptides are absent in the predicted sequence of the chicken erythroid band 3 polypeptide. The absence of this very acidic N-terminal region is consistent with the lack of binding of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to chicken erythroid band 3, as well as the relatively basic isoelectric point observed for this molecule. The remainder of the cytoplasmic domain shows little similarity to the cytoplasmic domain of the murine and human erythroid band 3, with the exception of the putative ankyrin-binding site, which is highly conserved. In contrast, the transmembrane domain of the chicken band 3 polypeptide is very similar to that of the murine erythroid and human nonerythroid band 3 polypeptides. The transmembrane domain contains 10 hydrophobic regions that could potentially traverse the membrane 12 to 14 times. In addition, a variant of chicken erythroid band 3, pCHB3-2, was cloned in which one of the hydrophobic regions of pCHB3-1 is lacking. The transcript complementary to pCHB3-2 accumulated in chicken erythroid cells in a similar manner as the transcript complementary to pCHB3-1 during embryonic development. This is the first example of a transporter protein or ion channel with alternative primary structures in its membrane-spanning segments.