gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovarian, hormonal, and reproductive events associated with synchronization of ovulation and timed appointment breeding of Bos indicus-influenced cattle using intravaginal progesterone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and prostaglandin F2α1 (2006)

The objectives of this study were to 1) compare cumulative pregnancy rates in a traditional management (TM) scheme with those using a synchronization of ovulation protocol (CO-Synch + CIDR) for timed AI (TAI) in Bos indicus-influenced cattle; 2) evaluate ovarian and hormonal events associated with CO-Synch + CIDR and CO-Synch without CIDR; and 3) determine estrual and ovulatory distributions in cattle synchronized with Select-Synch + CIDR. The CO-Synch + CIDR regimen included insertion of a controlled internal drug-releasing device (CIDR) and an injection of GnRH (GnRH-1) on d 0, removal of the CIDR and injection of PGF2alpha (PGF) on d 7, and injection of GnRH (GnRH-2) and TAI 48 h later. For Exp. 1, predominantly Brahman x Hereford (F1) and Brangus females (n = 335) were stratified by BCS, parity, and day postpartum (parous females) before random assignment to CO-Synch + CIDR or TM. To maximize the number of observations related to TAI conception rate (n = 266), an additional 96 females in which TM controls were not available for comparison also received CO-Synch + CIDR. Conception rates to TAI averaged 39 +/- 3% and were not affected by location, year, parity, AI sire, or AI technician. Cumulative pregnancy rates were greater (P < 0.05) at 30 and 60 d of the breeding season in CO-Synch + CIDR (74.1 and 95.9%) compared with TM (61.8 and 89.7%). In Exp. 2, postpartum Brahman x Hereford (F1) cows (n = 100) were stratified as in Exp. 1 and divided into 4 replicates of 25. Within each replicate, approximately one-half (12 to 13) received CO-Synch + CIDR, and the other half received CO-Synch only (no CIDR). No differences were observed between treatments, and the data were pooled. Percentages of cows ovulating to GnRH-1, developing a synchronized follicular wave, exhibiting luteal regression to PGF, and ovulating to GnRH-2 were 40 +/- 5, 60 +/- 5, 93 +/- 2, and 72 +/- 4%, respectively. In Exp. 3, primiparous Brahman x Hereford, (F1) heifers (n = 32) and pluriparous cows (n = 18) received the Select Synch + CIDR synchronization regimen (no GnRH-2 or TAI). Mean intervals from CIDR removal to estrus and ovulation, and from estrus to ovulation were 70 +/- 2.9, 99 +/- 2.8, and 29 +/- 2.2 h, respectively. These results indicate that the relatively low TAI conception rate observed with CO-Synch + CIDR in these studies was attributable primarily to failure of 40% of the cattle to develop a synchronized follicular wave after GnRH-1 and also to inappropriate timing of TAI/GnRH-2.
Vapor Phase Polymerization of Pyrrole and Thiophene Using Iron(III) Sulfonates as Oxidizing Agents (2004)

Vapor phase polymerization is a versatile technique that can be used to obtain highly conducting coatings of conjugated polymer on both conducting and nonconducting substrates. This is demonstrated here by preparation of polypyrrole, polybithiopene, and polyterthiopene, coatings that otherwise must be prepared electrochemically in order to achieve the desired high conjugation. The method is based on the use of organic ferric sulfonates as oxidant as these salts easily form smooth, noncrystalline films. By proper choice of the sulfonate anion, the oxidizing power of the ferric salt can be varied over a wide range. The described technique can easily be adapted to different patterning techniques.
Ultrasound-Mediated Transdermal Protein Delivery (1995)

Transdermal drug delivery offers a potential method of drug administration. However, its application has been limited to a few low molecular weight compounds because of the extremely low permeability of human skin. Low-frequency ultrasound was shown to increase the permeability of human skin to many drugs, including high molecular weight proteins, by several orders of magnitude, thus making transdermal administration of these molecules potentially feasible. It was possible to deliver and control therapeutic doses of proteins such as insulin, interferon gamma, and erythropoeitin across human skin. Low-frequency ultrasound is thus a potential noninvasive substitute for traditional methods of drug delivery, such as injections.
An experimental investigation of factors influencing compressional- and shear-wave velocities and attenuations in tight gas sandstones (1994)

Abstract Results are presented for compressional and shear velocities and attenuations in fully brine-saturated tight gas cores with porosities from 3 to 11.9 percent and clay contents from 1 to 38 percent. The influence of porosity, clay content, frequency, and stress on velocities and attenuations were examined using the amplitude spectra of P- and S-waves in the frequency domain. Attenuations of samples were obtained using the spectral ratio method. For a few selected samples the attenuations were also measured using the length correlation method and these results were compared with the spectral ratio results.In tight gas sandstones, the attenuations obtained were 2 to 5 times greater than the attenuation obtained for Berea sandstone. In general, the presence of clay softens the rock grain contacts causing smaller values of compressional (V P ) and shear (V S ) velocities as the clay content increases. However, the V P /V S ratio was found to increase with clay content. Compressionaland shear-wave amplitude spectra exhibited a shift in peak frequency toward lower frequencies for samples with higher clay content when compared to clean samples. Velocities and attenuations were found to be frequency dependent, but the positive slope of both compressional and shear attenuations indicate that scattering starts to dominate at the lower frequency end of the ultrasonic measurements. Both V P and V S increased while both compressional and shear attenuations decreased when stress was increased.
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on serum adiponectin levels and some metabolic risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. (2012)

Omega-3 fatty acids had some beneficial effects on serum adiponectin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile in PCOS patients and may contribute to the improvement of metabolic complications in these patients.
Combating Chlamydiosis (2010)

Commentary to: Immunization trials with an avian chlamydial MOMP gene recombinant adenovirus Changqing Qiu, Jizhang Zhou, Xiao-an Cao, Guozhen Lin, Fuying Zheng and Xiaowei Gong Chlamydophila psittaci is a zoonotic, intracellular bacterium, found in a wide range of birds, and is the causative agent of psittacosis, or avian chlamydiosis (AC). AC, as well as having significant zoonotic potential, causes high mortality in domestic birds, and there is no effective commercial vaccine. The group of Zhou et al. has generated recombinant adenovirus vaccines, which exhibit significant potential for the prophylactic treatment of poultry. Reduction of AC will affect not only the disease and associated mortality, but should also reduce the incidence of the carrier state, and should improve breeding performance in birds. Design and successful vaccine implementation also has the potential to improve human health, by decreasing zoonotic risk and should also reduce the risk of emergence of antibiotic resistant strains.
Im mune response with biodegradable nanospheres and alum : studies in rabbits using staphylococcal enterotoxin B-toxoid (2000)

In this study, the adjuvant effect of the sustained release biodegradable nanospheres (100-150 nm in diameter) has been compared with alum. Nanospheres were formulated using a biodegradable polylactic polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA, 50:50) containing Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid as a model vaccine antigen. Systemic immune response of the nanospheres containing toxoid was studied in rabbits by subcutaneous immunization. The data demonstrated that approximately 30% of the toxoid activity was lost following its encapsulation into nanospheres. Under in vitro conditions, nanospheres demonstrated sustained release of the toxoid. However, only 20% of the antigenic toxoid was released over the first 2 weeks of the release study. Immunization of animals with equal doses of toxoid, either using nanospheres or alum induced a comparable systemic immune response (IgG, IgM and IgA). The immune response reached a maximum level at 7 weeks post-immunization, which then gradually declined with time. The booster dose of toxoid at 19 weeks, either using alum or nanospheres induced similar immune response in both the groups, but was greater than the primary immune response. The studies, thus, suggest that biodegradable nanospheres could be used as a vaccine adjuvant.
Metabolism of Benzoate, Cyclohex-1-ene Carboxylate, and Cyclohexane Carboxylate by “ Syntrophus aciditrophicus ” Strain SB in Syntrophic Association with H 2 -Using Microorganisms (2001)

The metabolism of benzoate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, and cyclohexane carboxylate by "Syntrophus aciditrophicus" in cocultures with hydrogen-using microorganisms was studied. Cyclohexane carboxylate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, pimelate, and glutarate (or their coenzyme A [CoA] derivatives) transiently accumulated during growth with benzoate. Identification was based on comparison of retention times and mass spectra of trimethylsilyl derivatives to the retention times and mass spectra of authentic chemical standards. (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed that cyclohexane carboxylate and cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate were produced from [ring-(13)C(6)]benzoate. None of the metabolites mentioned above was detected in non-substrate-amended or heat-killed controls. Cyclohexane carboxylic acid accumulated to a concentration of 260 microM, accounting for about 18% of the initial benzoate added. This compound was not detected in culture extracts of Rhodopseudomonas palustris grown phototrophically or Thauera aromatica grown under nitrate-reducing conditions. Cocultures of "S. aciditrophicus" and Methanospirillum hungatei readily metabolized cyclohexane carboxylate and cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate at a rate slightly faster than the rate of benzoate metabolism. In addition to cyclohexane carboxylate, pimelate, and glutarate, 2-hydroxycyclohexane carboxylate was detected in trace amounts in cocultures grown with cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate. Cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, pimelate, and glutarate were detected in cocultures grown with cyclohexane carboxylate at levels similar to those found in benzoate-grown cocultures. Cell extracts of "S. aciditrophicus" grown in a coculture with Desulfovibrio sp. strain G11 with benzoate or in a pure culture with crotonate contained the following enzyme activities: an ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA ligase, cyclohex-1-ene carboxyl-CoA hydratase, and 2-hydroxycyclohexane carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase, as well as pimelyl-CoA dehydrogenase, glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and the enzymes required for conversion of crotonyl-CoA to acetate. 2-Ketocyclohexane carboxyl-CoA hydrolase activity was detected in cell extracts of "S. aciditrophicus"-Desulfovibrio sp. strain G11 benzoate-grown cocultures but not in crotonate-grown pure cultures of "S. aciditrophicus". These results are consistent with the hypothesis that ring reduction during syntrophic benzoate metabolism involves a four- or six-electron reduction step and that once cyclohex-1-ene carboxyl-CoA is made, it is metabolized in a manner similar to that in R. palustris.
Comparison of corneal thickness measurements using ultrasound and Orbscan slit-scanning topography in normal and post-LASIK eyes (2001)

Central corneal thickness measurements were, on average, 28 microm higher with the Orbscan than with the ultrasound pachymeter in normal eyes and 13 microm lower in post-LASIK eyes. The degree of variability within each group indicated that these 2 techniques are not clinically comparable, precluding interchangeable use of their data in planning or assessing corneal surgery.
발주처 관점의 시설물 생애주기 관리를 위한 BIM 기반 건설 프로젝트 사례 분석 (2020)

From the perspective of the client, the value of information for use in facility management is very low at the point of use.
This is because the facility owner, who is a non-professional, cannot accurately request necessary information from the perspective of long-term facility life cycle management. The purpose of this study is to define the information necessary for facility management and to analyze the project operation method to procur this information to the client using BIM. To this end, this study analyzed the role of client and contractor, project delivery process, standards, and submissions in the BIM-based procurement area through USACE Air Force Hospital project case analysis. As a result of the analysis, if the client, who is the subject of facility operation, defines in advance the type and input method of necessary information in the operation stage, the client can receive the BIM optimized for operation from the contractor. The results of this study can be used to establish standards for receiving information necessary for establishment of procurement process and facility management of public institutions considering BIM introduction.
Development of a fully human T cell engaging bispecific antibody for the treatment of multiple myeloma. (2017)

8017 Background: Although BCMA is a plasma cell specific surface molecule attractive as an antibody target in multiple myeloma, its scarcity on the cell surface may limit the efficacy of a conventional antibody. T-cell engaging bispecific antibody approaches are highly efficacious and are particularly well suited for a membrane target with limited expression, such as BCMA. Teneobio has developed a multivalent antibody platform based on modular human VH domains, which allowed us to build T cell engaging bispecific antibodies with low and high T cell agonistic activities. Methods: UniRats were immunized with either CD3 or BCMA antigens and antigen-specific UniAbs were identified by antibody repertoire sequencing and high-throughput gene assembly, expression, and screening. High affinity binding VH sequences were selected using recombinant proteins and cells. In vitro efficacy studies included T-cell activation by cytokine- and tumor cell kill by calcein-release assays. In vivo efficacy of the molecules was evaluated in NSG mice harboring myeloma cells and human PBMCs. Results: BCMA-specific UniAbs bound plasma cells with high affinities (100-700pM) and cross-reacted with cynomolgus plasma cells. Strong and weak T cell agonists were identified that bound human T cells with high and low affinities respectively and cross-reacted with cynomolgus T cells. T cell engaging bispecifics with a strong (H929 cytotoxicity:EC 50 =27pM) and a weak T cell activating arm (H929 cytotoxicity: EC 50 =1170pM) demonstrated T-cell activation and tumor-cell cytotoxicity in vitro; bispecifics with a weak CD3 engaging arm showed markedly reduced cytokine production even at doses saturating for cytotoxicity. In viv o, BCMAxCD3 bispecific antibodies reduced tumor load and increased survival when co-administered with human PBMCs as compared to controls. Conclusions: Our results suggest that T cell engaging bispecifics with low-affinity anti-CD3 arms could be preferred for the treatment of Multiple Myeloma.
Periocular Gene Transfer of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization in a Human-Sized Eye (2005)

Gene transfer provides a potential way to achieve sustained delivery of therapeutic proteins to the eye. Studies in rodents have suggested that periocular injection of adenoviral vectors containing expression cassettes for antiangiogenic proteins results in high intraocular levels of the proteins and suppression of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). However, the differences in size and scleral thickness between mouse and human eyes make it difficult to ascertain if periocular gene transfer is a feasible approach for treating human choroidal diseases. To address this issue, we tested the effect of periocular injection of an expression cassette for pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) packaged in adenoviral vector (AdPEDF.11) in a CNV model in pigs, which have eyes that are very similar to humans in size and scleral thickness. Periocular injection of beta-galactosidase (AdLacZ.11) resulted in prominent transduction of periocular tissues, as was seen in mice. Periocular injection of AdPEDF.11 caused increased levels of PEDF in the choroid and significantly reduced the amount of CNV at rupture sites in Bruch's membrane. These data suggest that periocular gene transfer may be feasible for treatment of human choroidal diseases.
Prepare to educate (1996)

John Stock describes the new arrangements for commissioning professional education and training in England
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cimicifuga racemosa (Black Cohosh) in Women With Anxiety Disorder Due to Menopause (2009)

We found no statistically significant anxiolytic effect of black cohosh (vs placebo). However, small sample size, choice of black cohosh preparation, and dosage used may have been limiting factors producing negative results.
Protecting Chicks and Poults from Salmonellae by Oral Administration of "Normal" Gut Microflora (1978)

Resistance of young chicks and poults to salmonella exposure was substantially increased by early oral administration of intestinal contents or feces from selected adult chickens. Protection was secured also by administering anaerobic broth cultures of intestinal microflora from selected donor birds. Protection, was substantial for 63 days, the longest period tested, although it could be overcome by severe exposure. The protective mechanism appears to be a consequence of competitive exclusion of salmonella by "normal" microflora of the gastrointestinal tract.
Carboplatin: an active drug in metastatic breast cancer. (1992)

Carboplatin is an active drug in MBC patients without previous exposure to chemotherapy. In our study, the use of an experimental drug as first-line single-agent treatment in MBC did not have a negative influence on patient survival, as the majority of the carboplatin nonresponding patients could be salvaged with a conventional therapeutic regimen.
Target-selective homologous recombination cloning for high-throughput generation of monoclonal antibodies from single plasma cells (2011)

The time requirements and limitations of traditional cloning procedures for the production of recombinant immunoglobulins have been significantly reduced with the development of the TS-HR cloning technique.
Testosterone increases neurotoxicity of glutamate in vitro and ischemia-reperfusion injury in an animal model (2002)

Increasing evidence has demonstrated striking sex differences in the outcome of neurological injury. Whereas estrogens contribute to these differences by attenuating neurotoxicity and ischemia-reperfusion injury, the effects of testosterone are unclear. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of testosterone on neuronal injury in both a cell-culture model and a rodent ischemia-reperfusion model. Glutamate-induced HT-22 cell-death model was used to evaluate the effects of testosterone on cell survival. Testosterone was shown to significantly increase the toxicity of glutamate at a 10 microM concentration, whereas 17beta-estradiol significantly attenuated the toxicity at the same concentration. In a rodent stroke model, ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by temporal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h and reperfusion for 24 h. To avoid the stress-related testosterone reduction, male rats were castrated and testosterone was replaced by testosterone pellet implantation. Testosterone pellets were removed at 1, 2, 4, or 6 h before MCAO to determine the duration of acute testosterone depletion effects on infarct volume. Ischemic lesion volume was significantly decreased from 239.6 +/- 25.9 mm(3) in control to 122.5 +/- 28.6 mm(3) when testosterone pellets were removed at 6 h before MCAO. Reduction of lesion volume was associated with amelioration of the hyperemia during reperfusion. Our in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that sex differences in response to brain injury are partly due to the consequence of damaging effects of testosterone.
Antitumor effect of in vivo somatostatin receptor subtype 2 gene transfer in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer models. (2002)

Our previous studies conducted in pancreatic cancer models established in nude mice and hamsters revealed that cloned somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) gene expression induced both antioncogenic and local antitumor bystander effects in vivo. In the present study, in vivo gene transfer of sst2 was investigated in two transplantable models of primary and metastatic pancreatic carcinoma developed in hamsters. LacZ reporter or mouse sst2 genes were expressed by means of two different delivery agents: an adenoviral vector and a synthetic polycationic carrier [linear polyethylenimine (PEI)]. sst2 was injected into either exponentially growing pancreatic primary tumors or hepatic metastases, and then transgene expression and tumor progression were investigated 5-6 days after gene transfer. Molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of tumor growth were also analyzed. Both adenovirus- and PEI-mediated in vivo gene transfer in primary pancreatic tumors induced an increase of beta-galactosidase activity and expression of sst2 transgene nRNA (100% and 86% of tumors for adenovirus and PEI vector, respectively). Adenoviral vector-based sst2 gene transfer resulted in significant reduction of pancreatic tumor growth (P < 0.05). Using PEI vector, both pancreatic primary tumor growth and metastatic tumor growth were also significantly slackened as compared with both LacZ-treated and untreated control groups (P < 0.02). Moreover, the proliferative index decreased significantly (P < 0.005), whereas apoptosis increased (P < 0.005) in tumors transferred with sst2 gene. The increase of apoptosis correlated with an activation of the caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase pathways. We concluded that in both primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer models, the synthetic gene delivery system can achieve in vivo sst2 gene transfer and results in a significant antitumor effect characterized by an increase of apoptosis and an inhibition of cell proliferation. This new strategy of gene therapy allows the restoration of expression of an antioncogenic molecule and could be promising for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.
Immunogenicity of Toxins duringStaphylococcus aureusInfection (2009)

Many toxins are expressed in vivo and recognized by the immune system during staphylococcal infections, suggesting their involvement in S. aureus pathogenesis.
Expanding the Genetic Code (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
All-frequency shadows using non-linear wavelet lighting approximation (2003)

We present a method, based on pre-computed light transport, for real-time rendering of objects under all-frequency, time-varying illumination represented as a high-resolution environment map. Current techniques are limited to small area lights, with sharp shadows, or large low-frequency lights, with very soft shadows. Our main contribution is to approximate the environment map in a wavelet basis, keeping only the largest terms (this is known as a non-linear approximation). We obtain further compression by encoding the light transport matrix sparsely but accurately in the same basis. Rendering is performed by multiplying a sparse light vector by a sparse transport matrix, which is very fast. For accurate rendering, using non-linear wavelets is an order of magnitude faster than using linear spherical harmonics, the current best technique.
Effective delivery of IgG-antibodies into infected cells via dendritic molecular transporter conjugate IgGMT (1900)

Abstract IgG antibody–transporter conjugates enable intracellular uptake of biologically active IgG antibodies that inhibit viral mediated syncytia formation in respiratory syncytial virus green fluorescent protein (RSV-GFP) infected human epithelial cells (HEp-2).