gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity in Bacillus cereus PCR Products Detected by ESI−FTICR Mass Spectrometry (1998)

PCR amplification of a segment of the 16/23S rDNA interspace region (ISR) from Bacillus cereus 6464 produced a mixture of products. An 89-bp product was predicted on the basis of the reported sequence. The ESI-FTICR analysis revealed three double-stranded products, differing in size by a single nucleotide corresponding to two homoduplexes of 89 and 88 base pairs and a heteroduplex of 89 and 88 nucleotide strands. These were produced from a single preparation of genomic DNA and a single primer pair. ESI-FTICR analysis of the single strands identified a deletion of a T in the coding strand and a corresponding loss of an A in the noncoding strand of this product. The ESI-FTICR analysis indicated the presence of an unreported sequence variation between rRNA operons in this organism. This report illustrates that PCR products amplified from templates differing by a single nucleotide can be resolved and identified using ESI-FTICR at the 89-bp level. Furthermore, the ESI-FTICR mass measurements provided the identity of the deletion, which is indicative of interoperon variability.
Synthesis of Analogs of 2-Methoxyestradiol with Enhanced Inhibitory Effects on Tubulin Polymerization and Cancer Cell Growth (1997)

A new series of estradiol analogs was synthesized in an attempt to improve on the anticancer activity of 2-methoxyestradiol, a naturally occurring mammalian tubulin polymerization inhibitor. The compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and the binding of [3H]colchicine to tubulin, as well as for in vitro cytotoxicity in human cancer cell cultures. Overall, the most potent of the new compounds were 2-(2',2',2'-trifluoroethoxy)-6-oximinoestradiol, 2-ethoxy-6-oximinoestradiol, and 2-ethoxy-6-methoximinoestradiol. These agents lacked significant affinity for the estrogen receptor. The cytotoxicities of the compounds correlated in general with their abilities to inhibit tubulin polymerization, thus supporting inhibition of tubulin polymerization as the primary mechanism causing inhibition of cell growth.
Ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of the organolead trihalide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3on mesoporous TiO2scaffolds in the 320–920 nm range (2015)

We present femtosecond broadband transient absorption experiments for the investigation of the carrier dynamics in the organolead trihalide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3. The perovskite was prepared on a mesoporous TiO2 scaffold either by 1-step deposition from solution or by 2-step methods employing deposition of lead iodide followed by an on-surface reaction with methylammonium iodide. The thin films were characterized by XRD and FTIR chemical mapping. After pumping with an ultrashort laser pulse at 400 or 500 nm, the dynamics were monitored by a broadband supercontinuum reaching from the near IR (920 nm) into the UV. Specifically, the usage of quartz substrates and thin perovskite/TiO2 films enabled us to cover the spectral development down to 320 nm. The charge carrier dynamics were largely independent from the specific route of perovskite preparation: initial ultrafast carrier relaxation steps with time constants τCC and τCOP of <0.08, 0.2 and 2.6 ps were assigned to carrier-carrier and carrier-optical phonon scattering. Pronounced sub-band-gap absorption was found in the near IR at early times. Transient carrier temperatures were extracted from a Boltzmann fit to the blue wing of the photobleach band in the time range 0.2-700 ps, allowing us to distinguish between the decay of acoustic phonons (τAP = 50 and >1000 ps) and Auger recombination (τAR = 9, 75 and 450 ps). Carrier relaxation was accompanied by formation of an absorption band around 550 nm, with a characteristic structure assignable to a transient Stark effect, i.e. a red-shift of the perovskite spectrum due to the appearance of a directed electric field in the material and possibly additional influence of lattice heating. We observed a substantial Stokes shift between the relaxed photobleach and photoluminescence bands. Contributions of unreacted PbI2 to the transient absorption features appear to be negligible.
Large mode area photonic crystal fibre laser (2001)

Summary form only given. Fibre lasers have attracted much interest in recent years. Ytterbium-doped silica fibres in particular are capable of high efficiency and may be pumped directly by diode lasers at 915 or 980 nm. However at high power the intensity within the core of an optical fibre becomes very large and this can give rise to optical nonlinearity and physical damage. High power lasers based on step-index fibres have sought to use the largest mode areas possible. Photonic crystal fibre (PCF) is an optical fibre with an ordered array of microscopic air-holes running along its length. It has been shown that a pure silica PCF may be strictly single mode at all wavelengths or conversely may have a core of arbitrarily large diameter whilst remaining single mode (20 /spl mu/m is readily experimentally achievable at 633 nm). By introducing Yb/sup 3+/-doped silica into a PCF we recently reported the first PCF laser. In this paper we report the first implementation of a large mode area PCF laser, with a core diameter of 15 /spl mu/m.
Prevention of maternal aging-associated oocyte aneuploidy and meiotic spindle defects in mice by dietary and genetic strategies (2011)

Increased meiotic spindle abnormalities and aneuploidy in oocytes of women of advanced maternal ages lead to elevated rates of infertility, miscarriage, and trisomic conceptions. Despite the significance of the problem, strategies to sustain oocyte quality with age have remained elusive. Here we report that adult female mice maintained under 40% caloric restriction (CR) did not exhibit aging-related increases in oocyte aneuploidy, chromosomal misalignment on the metaphase plate, meiotic spindle abnormalities, or mitochondrial dysfunction (aggregation, impaired ATP production), all of which occurred in oocytes of age-matched ad libitum-fed controls. The effects of CR on oocyte quality in aging females were reproduced by deletion of the metabolic regulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Thus, CR during adulthood or loss of PGC-1α function maintains female germline chromosomal stability and its proper segregation during meiosis, such that ovulated oocytes of aged female mice previously maintained on CR or lacking PGC-1α are comparable to those of young females during prime reproductive life.
Transcriptional Silencing by Single-Stranded RNAs Targeting a Noncoding RNA That Overlaps a Gene Promoter (2012)

RNAi using single-strand RNA would provide new options for therapeutic development and for investigating critical questions of mechanism. Using chemically modified single-strands, we test the hypothesis that single-stranded RNAs can engage the RNAi pathway and silence gene transcription. We find that a chemically modified single-stranded silencing RNA (ss-siRNA) designed to be complementary to a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) requires argonaute protein, functions through the RNAi pathway, and inhibits gene transcription. These data expand the use of single-stranded RNA to cell nuclei.
Unusual effects of benzodiazepines and cyclodiene insecticides on an expressed invertebrate GABAA receptor (1992)

We have previously reported [(1991) EMBO J. 10, 3239-3245] the sequence of an invertebrate gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptor polypeptide which forms homo-oligomeric GABA-gated, bicuculline-sensitive, chloride-ion channels upon heterologous expression. We now demonstrate that the benzodiazepines Ro5-4864 (4'-chlorodiazepam) and diazepam, that are active at mammalian peripheral benzodiazepine sites, and not those benzodiazepines specific for central sites, directly active the homo-oligomeric receptor and evoke larger maximal responses than those elicited by GABA. In addition, members of the cyclodiene class of insecticides block the channel of the receptor in a manner indistinguishable from that of picrotoxin.
Two Anticomplementary Factors in Cobra Venom: Hemolysis of Guinea Pig Erythrocytes by One of Them (1969)

Abstract A second anticomplementary material in cobra venom is described and characterized by its large molecular size (0.8 to 1.0 × 106 molecular weight), its action on the early components of complement, but not C3 or C5, and its inability to lyse guinea pig erythrocytes. The low molecular weight cobra factor (140,000) has both anticomplementary activity and guinea pig erythrocyte hemolytic activity in vitro. Its ability to lyse erythrocytes depends on the formation of a complex between L-CoF and a cofactor in serum and upon an intact sequence of complement components from C3 on. Purified L-CoF was found to bind to the surface of guinea pig erythrocytes in very small amounts so that lysis of the cells occurred after washing and exposure to a source of C3–C9. Mechanisms for the hemolysis of guinea pig erythrocytes by cobra factor are discussed.
STUDIES OF I131-ALBUMIN CATABOLISM AND DISTRIBUTION IN NORMAL YOUNG MALE ADULTS* (1962)

Studies of I13'-albumin catabolism and distribution are appearing in rapidly increasing numbers in current literature. The data for normal human subjects reported from various laboratories differ considerably in mode of analysis and in results ob- tained. In normal subjects the observed "half-life" of I'31-albumin has ranged from below 10 to above 20 days (1-15), and the ratio of the amount of albumin contained extravascularly to that present in the plasma has been calculated as ranging from 1 to 4.5 Although these wide vari- ations are due to many factors, the major causes appear to be these: 1) variable degrees of denaturation incurred during the preparation of the protein and its radioisotopic labeling, perhaps de- tectable only through biological testing; 2) vari- able lengths of study periods, many being too short to allow metabolic trends to be fully realized; and 3) differing mathematical approaches to the analysis of data, each requiring assumptions of variable validity. With the availability of im- proved I131-albumin preparations, it can be antici- pated that greater efforts will be directed toward the investigation of albumin catabolism and distri-
Transport Properties of a DNA-Conjugated Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor (2009)

We performed electrical transport measurements on a DNA-conjugated single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) field-effect transistor (FET) at various temperatures (Ts). At T = 300 K, the gate action of the SWCNT FET clearly exhibited n-type behavior, while the bare SWCNT FET showed usual p-type characteristics. The value of the drain current measured from the DNA-conjugated SWCNT FET decreased rapidly with the decrease of T. We fit the T-dependence of the DNA-conjugated SWCNT FET with a simple back-to-back Schottky diode model and found a slight decrease of ΦB with decreasing T. A possible explanation for the type conversion is the chemical modification of the CNT surface as a result of the conjugation process.
Transcription of a recombinant influenza virus RNA in cells that can express the influenza virus RNA polymerase and nucleoprotein genes (1992)

A new transfection system for influenza virus was developed using the clone 76 cell line, in which the viral RNA polymerase and nucleoprotein (NP) genes can be expressed in response to dexamethasone. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes were reconstituted by expressing proteins from a chimeric NS-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) RNA consisting of the full-length negative-strand RNA of the CAT gene positioned between the 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences of influenza virus RNA segment 8, and purifying NP from an NP gene-expressing Escherichia coli strain. When the reconstituted RNP was transfected into clone 76 cells, CAT was produced only when the synthesis of the three RNA polymerase subunits and NP was induced by treatment with dexamethasone.
Well Perforation Using High-Power Lasers (2003)

Abstract Conventional wellbore perforation techniques are designed to establish flow from the hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir through the cemented casing into the wellbore. The explosive force of shaped charges is focused and intensified into a small-diameter jet that penetrates the casing and cement into the reservoir rock. This process reduces reservoir rock porosity and permeability as metal and carbon debris are forced into the perforation tunnel, while very fine grain particles plug or reduce the pore throat size. As a result, it is necessary to perform time-consuming and costly post-perforation operations to minimize flow restrictions into the wellbore. Developing alternative perforation methods that reduce or eliminate formation damage could significantly boost production rates, cumulative production and overall economic returns. The research team led by Gas Technology Institute (GTI) has demonstrated, through the application of high-energy lasers to rock samples, that damage to permeability and porosity of the adjacent zones cannot only be reduced, but that near-hole permeability in a reservoir sandstone can be increased up to 171%. By applying this technique downhole, perforations and other directionally controlled completion and stimulation methods could be employed without damaging the reservoir. This paper presents the experimental methods and results of exposing sandstone, limestone, and shale rock samples to high-power laser beams. A grid pattern was applied to the rock samples from which acoustic velocity and permeability measurements in and near the perforated tunnel where taken. In addition, rock mineralogy and rock properties were analyzed before and after the test.
Flash chromium interlayer for high performance disks with superior noise and coercivity squareness (1993)

A special cathode was designed to sputter flash chrome interlayer (0.5-1.5 nm) between CoCrPt magnetic layers. Disks with such a laminated structure have been manufactured in a high volume in-line sputtering system. They have consistently exhibited excellent PW50, overwrite, and signal to noise ratio (SNR). In addition, the chrome interlayer improved the disk anisotropy with less coercivity variation around the disk. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) cross section micrograph and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine film microstructure and crystallographic orientation. A special film growth mechanism is proposed to interpret the magnetic and parametric performance of disks with flash Cr interlayer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synergy of ciprofloxacin with fosfomycin in vitro against Pseudomonas isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (1988)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains the most common respiratory pathogen causing morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The in-vitro activity of ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin (calcium and tromethamine salts) in combination against P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients, all of whom had received previous courses of ciprofloxacin, was evaluated by agar plate dilution chequerboard technique. The concentrations of drugs used were those that would be achieved in patients by oral and intravenous (fosfomycin only) routes. Synergy, taking into account fosfomycin concentrations achievable intravenously, was found against 60% of P. aeruginosa isolates. With concentrations achieved after an oral dose, 17% of isolates were synergistically inhibited. Time-kill experiments confirmed these findings. Ciprofloxacin MICs against resistant P. aeruginosa were reduced to achievable sputum and serum levels in the presence of fosfomycin. However, in progressive resistance studies fosfomycin failed to delay the development of resistance to ciprofloxacin. The combinations of ofloxacin/fosfomycin and ciprofloxacin/fosmidomycin were also tested, but showed minimal synergy. No antagonism was observed with any combination. Fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin and azlocillin in triple combination did not show synergy. The antimicrobial combinations tested against P. cepacia isolates from CF patients were indifferent. The combination of ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin may be clinically useful in selected P. aeruginosa pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients, particularly as an oral out-of-hospital treatment alternative or in cases where MICs for ciprofloxacin are elevated.
High-Risk Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Assessment by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography—Should We Use It? (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Design and Synthesis of 4,5-Diphenyl-4-isoxazolines:  Novel Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase-2 with Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activity (2001)

4,5-Diphenyl-4-isoxazolines (13a-k) possessing a variety of substituents (H, F, MeS, MeSO2) at the para position of one of the phenyl rings were synthesized for evaluation as analgesic and selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory antiinflammatory (AI) agents. Although the 4,5-phenyl-4-isoxazolines (13a-d,f), which do not have a C-3 Me substituent, exhibited potent analgesic and AI activities, those compounds evaluated (13a, 13b, 13h, and 13k) were not selective inhibitors of COX-2. In contrast, 2,3-dimethyl-5-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4-isoxazoline (13j) exhibited excellent analgesic and AI activities, and it was a potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor (COX-1, IC(50) = 258 microM; COX-2, IC(50) = 0.004 microM). A related compound 13k having a F substituent at the para position of the 4-phenyl ring was also a selective (SI = 3162) but less potent (IC(50) = 0.0316 microM) inhibitor of COX-2 than 13j. A molecular modeling (docking study) for 13j showed that the S atom of the MeSO2 substituent is positioned about 6.46 A inside the entrance to the COX-2 secondary pocket (Val(523)) and that a C-3 Me (13j, 13k) central isoxazoline ring substituent is crucial to selective inhibition of COX-2 for this class of compounds.
The planar C...C ring-opened form of the ethylene oxide radical cation. ESR evidence from anisotropic carbon-13 studies (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe planar C...C ring-opened form of the ethylene oxide radical cation. ESR evidence from anisotropic carbon-13 studiesXue Zhi Qin, Larry D. Snow, and Ffrancon WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 11, 3366–3368Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00297a063RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (409 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Spontaneous Membrane-Translocating Peptides by Orthogonal High-Throughput Screening (2011)

Combinatorial peptide chemistry and orthogonal high-throughput screening were used to select peptides that spontaneously translocate across synthetic lipid bilayer membranes without permeabilization. A conserved sequence motif was identified that contains several cationic residues in conserved positions in an otherwise hydrophobic sequence. This 9-residue motif rapidly translocates across synthetic multibilayer vesicles and into cells while carrying a large polar dye as a "cargo" moiety. The extraordinary ability of this family of peptides to spontaneously translocate across bilayers without an energy source of any kind is distinctly different from the behavior of the well-known, highly cationic cell-penetrating peptides, such as the HIV tat peptide, which do not translocate across synthetic bilayers, and enter cells mostly by active endocytosis. Peptides that translocate spontaneously across membranes have the potential to transform the field of drug design by enabling the delivery of otherwise membrane-impermeant polar drugs into cells and tissues. Here we describe the chemical tools needed to rapidly identify spontaneous membrane translocating peptides.
Cigarette smoking reduces DNA methylation levels at multiple genomic loci but the effect is partially reversible upon cessation (2014)

Smoking is a major risk factor in many diseases. Genome wide association studies have linked genes for nicotine dependence and smoking behavior to increased risk of cardiovascular, pulmonary, and malignant diseases. We conducted an epigenome wide association study in peripheral-blood DNA in 464 individuals (22 current smokers and 263 ex-smokers), using the Human Methylation 450 K array. Upon replication in an independent sample of 356 twins (41 current and 104 ex-smokers), we identified 30 probes in 15 distinct loci, all of which reached genome-wide significance in the combined analysis P < 5 × 10(-8). All but one probe (cg17024919) remained significant after adjusting for blood cell counts. We replicated all 9 known loci and found an independent signal at CPOX near GPR15. In addition, we found 6 new loci at PRSS23, AVPR1B, PSEN2, LINC00299, RPS6KA2, and KIAA0087. Most of the lead probes (13 out of 15) associated with cigarette smoking, overlapped regions of open chromatin (FAIRE and DNaseI hypersensitive sites) or/and H3K27Ac peaks (ENCODE data set), which mark regulatory elements. The effect of smoking on DNA methylation was partially reversible upon smoking cessation for longer than 3 months. We report the first statistically significant interaction between a SNP (rs2697768) and cigarette smoking on DNA methylation (cg03329539). We provide evidence that the metSNP for cg03329539 regulates expression of the CHRND gene located circa 95 Kb downstream of the methylation site. Our findings suggest the existence of dynamic, reversible site-specific methylation changes in response to cigarette smoking , which may contribute to the extended health risks associated with cigarette smoking.