gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence of oxidative stress in chronic heart failure in humans (1993)

Chronic heart failure (CHF) due to coronary artery disease (CAD) has been shown to be associated with increased plasma thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced plasma thiol (PSH) concentrations, suggesting oxidative stress (OS). The aims of the present studies were (a) to determine whether OS is due to CAD or CHF per se and (b) to determine if a wider range of more specific markers of OS are abnormal in CHF. In the first study, two groups of patients (n = 15 each) were compared. Group 1 (11 male, mean age 56 years) had CHF due to CAD and group 2 (12 male, mean age 53 years) had non-CAD CHF. Median plasma TBARS in controls was 7.6 nmol.ml-1, 10.0 nmol.ml-1 in group 1 and 9.3 nmol.ml-1 in group 2 (P < 0.01 both groups vs control). Median PSH was 505 384 and 364 nmol.ml-1 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 vs control) respectively. Fifty-three patients with CHF were recruited in the second study. Malondialdehyde and PSH were 10.3 and 409 nmol.ml-1 respectively, compared to control values of 7.9 and 560 nmol.ml-1 (both P < 0.001). The median values for the following additional measures of OS in controls and patients were: erythrocyte superoxide dismutase 131 vs 114 U.l-1 (P = 0.005); caeruloplasmin oxidase 97 vs 197 U.l-1 (P < 0.01); erythrocyte glutathione 1.56 nmol.ml-1 vs 1.77 nmol.ml-1 (P < 0.02); plasma conjugated dienes 0.28 vs 0.33 optical density units (P = ns).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identification of a Potent Phytoestrogen in Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and Beer (1999)

The female flowers of the hop plant are used as a preservative and as a flavoring agent in beer. However, a recurring suggestion has been that hops have a powerful estrogenic activity and that beer may also be estrogenic. In this study, sensitive and specific in vitrobioassays for estrogens were used for an activity-guided fractionation of hops via selective solvent extraction and appropriate HPLC separation. We have identified a potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8-prenylnaringenin, which has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. The estrogenic activity of this compound was reflected in its relative binding affinity to estrogen receptors from rat uteri. The presence of 8-prenylnaringenin in hops may provide an explanation for the accounts of menstrual disturbances in female hop workers. This phytoestrogen can also be detected in beer, but the levels are low and should not pose any cause for concern.
Isolation of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vector-Cellular DNA Junctions from Mouse Liver (1999)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors allow for sustained expression of transgene products from mouse liver following a single portal vein administration. Here a rAAV vector expressing human coagulation factor F.IX (hF.IX), AAV-EF1alpha-F.IX (hF.IX expression was controlled by the human elongation factor 1alpha [EF1alpha] enhancer-promoter) was injected into mice via the portal vein or tail vein, or directly into the liver parenchyma, and the forms of rAAV vector DNA extracted from the liver were analyzed. Southern blot analyses suggested that rAAV vector integrated into the host genome, forming mainly head-to-tail concatemers with occasional deletions of the inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) and their flanking sequences. To further confirm vector integration, we developed a shuttle vector system and isolated and sequenced rAAV vector-cellular DNA junctions from transduced mouse livers. Analysis of 18 junctions revealed various rearrangements, including ITR deletions and amplifications of the vector and cellular DNA sequences. The breakpoints of the vector were mostly located within the ITRs, and cellular DNA sequences were recombined with the vector genome in a nonhomologous manner. Two rAAV-targeted DNA sequences were identified as the mouse rRNA gene and the alpha1 collagen gene. These observations serve as direct evidence of rAAV integration into the host genome of mouse liver and allow us to begin to elucidate the mechanisms involved in rAAV integration into tissues in vivo.
[Analysis on differences between soft-tissue and hard-tissue profile in malocclusions]. (2006)

On the average, soft-tissue integument tends to camouflage the abnormality of hard-tissue topography. But as to individual, the relative independence of soft-tissue integument makes it important to notice the influence of soft tissue on treatment planning and results.
Stereodivergent Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-2-Alken-4-yn-1-ols from 2-Propynoic Acid:  A Practical Route via 2-Alken-4-ynoates (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Stereodivergent Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-2-Alken-4-yn-1-ols from 2-Propynoic Acid: A Practical Route via 2-Alken-4-ynoatesRyo Takeuchi, Keisuke Tanabe, and Shigeru TanakaView Author Information Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Integrated Science, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 5, 1558–1561Publication Date (Web):February 11, 2000Publication History Received25 August 1999Published online11 February 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo991350ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo991350abrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2314Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Hydrocarbons,Mixtures,Organic compounds,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Selective Loss of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signaling with No Obvious Phenotypic Abnormality in Mice Lacking Its G Protein-coupled Receptor, LPB3/EDG-3 (2001)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) exerts diverse physiological actions by activating its cognate G protein-coupled receptors. Five S1P receptors have been identified in mammals: LP(B1)/EDG-1, LP(B2)/H218/AGR16/EDG-5, LP(B3)/EDG-3, LP(B4)/NRG-1/EDG-8, and LP(C1)/EDG-6. One of these receptors, LP(B1), has recently been shown to be essential for mouse embryonic development. Here we disrupted the lp(B3) gene in mice, resulting in the complete absence of lp(B3) gene, transcript, and LP(B3) protein. LP(B3)-null mice were viable and fertile and developed normally with no obvious phenotypic abnormality. We prepared mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells to examine effects of LP(B3) deletion on S1P-induced signal transduction pathways. Wild-type MEF cells expressed lp(B1), lp(B2), and lp(B3) but neither lp(B4) nor lp(C1), and they were highly responsive to S1P in phospholipase C (PLC) activation, adenylyl cyclase inhibition, and Rho activation. Identically prepared LP(B3)-null MEF cells showed significant decreases in PLC activation, slight decreases in adenylyl cyclase inhibition, and no change in Rho activation. Retrovirus-mediated rescue of the LP(B3) receptor in LP(B3)-null MEF cells restored S1P-dependent PLC activation and adenylyl cyclase inhibition. These results indicate a nonessential role for LP(B3) in normal development of mouse but show nonredundant cellular signaling mediated by a single type of S1P receptor.
Fungal secondary metabolites from Monascus spp. reduce rumen methane production in vitro and in vivo1 (2013)

Decreasing methanogenesis without affecting fermentation and digestion of feeds in the rumen can reduce the environmental impact of ruminant production and have a beneficial effect on feed conversion efficiency. In this work, metabolites produced by Monascus spp. molds were assayed for their antimethanogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. The capacity of 7 strains of Monascus to produce secondary metabolites was assessed in solid media. Monitored metabolites included the statins monacolin K, pravastatin, and mevastatin, and the mycotoxin citrinin. Ethanolic extracts from 5 different solid media from 2 selected strains were tested in vitro. Fermentation was not negatively affected by any treatment, but one extract decreased methane production (P < 0.05). This extract was further assayed in 3 consecutive batch incubations where a marked decrease in methane was observed in the third batch (P < 0.05). In contrast, methane produced in flasks with pure monacolin K was not different from controls (P > 0.05). Rice on which the selected Monascus sp. was grown also decreased methane production when used as substrate for in vitro incubations (P < 0.05). The effect of Monascus-fermented rice on methane production was then assayed in vivo. Six wethers were adapted to a diet containing rice grain and hay (1:1 ratio). Rice was then replaced by fermented rice and given to animals for nearly 2 wk. Animals were monitored for a further 2 wk after the treatment. Daily methane emissions decreased (P < 0.05) by 30% after 2 to 3 d into the treatment and remained low throughout the administration period. This change was associated with reduced ruminal acetate to propionate ratio and decreased numbers of methanogens as detected by quantitative PCR (P < 0.05). In contrast, no changes in the methanogenic community were observed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Total bacteria numbers increased (P < 0.05) with changes in the DGGE profile community, whereas protozoa were not affected by the treatment. Methane emissions and the acetate to propionate ratio remained numerically less in the 2 wk posttreatment as compared with measures before treatment. Metabolites produced by Monascus appear to have an inhibitory effect on methanogens and decreased methanogenesis in vitro and in short-term in vivo without any apparent negative effect on rumen fermentation. This strategy deserves to be further explored and could be an abatement option under certain feeding situations.
A Direct Estimate of the Human αβ T Cell Receptor Diversity (1999)

Generation and maintenance of an effective repertoire of T cell antigen receptors are essential to the immune system, yet the number of distinct T cell receptors (TCRs) expressed by the estimated 10(12) T cells in the human body is not known. In this study, TCR gene amplification and sequencing showed that there are about 10(6) different beta chains in the blood, each pairing, on the average, with at least 25 different alpha chains. In the memory subset, the diversity decreased to 1 x 10(5) to 2 x 10(5) different beta chains, each pairing with only a single alpha chain. Thus, the naïve repertoire is highly diverse, whereas the memory compartment, here one-third of the T cell population, contributes less than 1 percent of the total diversity.
Effects of Ionic and Nonionic Detergents on Antigen-Antibody Reactions (1977)

Using highly sensitive and quantitative radioimmunoassay procedures we have measured the effects of different concentrations of three commonly used detergents, SDS, DOC, and Triton X-100, on antibody-antigen reactions. Triton X-100, had a relatively mild effect on primary antigen-antibody bindings, the precipitin reaction, and a double antibody RIA as evidenced by only an 8 to 10% inhibition of binding or precipitation. These results were not detergent concentration dependent, as Triton concentrations ranging from 5 to 0.1% had virtually no differential effects. Sodium deoxycholate (DOC) had a more profound effect on both primary antigen-antibody binding and the precipitin reaction than did Triton X-100, and its effects, unlike those of Triton X-100, were concentration dependent. There was a direct relationship between concentration of DOC and degree of inhibition of both primary binding and immune precepitation especially in antigen excess. Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), at concentrations 10- to 100-fold less than either Triton X-100 or DOC, had profound inhibitory effects on primary antigen-antibody binding, the precipitin reaction, and a double antibody radioimmunoassay. Generally, at concentrations greater that 0.01% SDS, almost all immunochemical reactivity is destroyed.
Estimates of gene flow in Drosophila pseudoobscura determined from nucleotide sequence analysis of the alcohol dehydrogenase region. (1992)

The genetic structure of Drosophila pseudoobscura populations was inferred from a nucleotide sequence analysis of a 3.4-kb segment of the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) region. A total of 99 isochromosomal strains collected from 13 populations in North and South America were used to determine if any population departed from a neutral model and to estimate levels of gene flow between populations. This study also included the nucleotide sequences from two sibling species, D. persimilis and D. miranda. We estimated the neutral mutation parameter, 4N mu, in synonymous and noncoding sites for 17 subregions of Adh in each of nine populations with sample sizes greater than three. The nucleotide diversity data in the nine populations was tested for departures from an equilibrium neutral model with two statistical tests. The Tajima and the Hudson, Kreitman, Aguade tests showed that each population fails to reject a neutral model. Tests for genetic differentiation between populations fail to show any population substructure among the North American populations of D. pseudoobscura. The nucleotide diversity data is consistent with direct and indirect measures of gene flow that show extensive dispersal between populations of D. pseudoobscura.
Invited Commentary (1994)

Journal Article Invited Commentary Get access Elizabeth Dean, PhD, PT Elizabeth Dean, PhD, PT 1E Dean, PhD, PT, is Associate Professor, University of British Columbia, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2B5; Clinical Associate, Physiotherapy Department, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada; and Clinical Associate, Physiotherapy Department, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 1994, Pages 10–15, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/74.1.10 Published: 01 January 1994
Modulating the Autoimmune Response in Type 1 Diabetes: A Report on the 64th Scientific Sessions of the ADA, June 2004, Orlando, FL, USA (2004)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from a loss of insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets caused by an immune-mediated chronic destructive process. It is generally believed that immune tolerance to beta-cells is broken by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals, leading to beta-cell destruction that is mediated by T lymphocytes. A key assumption in the current pathogenic concept of type 1 diabetes is a defective immunoregulation affecting both central and peripheral mechanisms of tolerance induction against beta-cell antigens. In animal models of type 1 diabetes, disease-protective modulation of the islet autoimmune response can be effected by various strategies including administration of islet antigens. In human type 1 diabetes, therefore, new strategies are currently being developed with the aim of actively suppressing the autoimmune process and inducing a lasting tolerance against islet antigens. In this context, inducing regulatory T cells in vivo (i.e. CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells or type 1 regulatory T cells) is currently becoming more widespread. The following report highlights some of the recent studies on immunotherapy of type 1 diabetes, presented at the 64(th) Scientific Sessions, held in June 2004, in Orlando, Florida.
Time-scale modification of speech based on short-time Fourier analysis (1981)

This paper develops the theoretical basis for time-scale modification of speech based on short-time Fourier analysis. The goal is the development of a high-quality system for changing the apparent rate of articulation of recorded speech, while at the same time preserving such qualities as naturalness, intelligibility, and speaker-dependent features. The results of the theoretical study were used as the framework for the design of a high-quality speech rate-change system that was simulated on a general-purpose minicomputer.
Somatic Mutations in the Tyrosine Kinase Domain of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Abrogate EGFR-Mediated Radioprotection in Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (2007)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important determinant of radioresponse, whose elevated expression and activity frequently correlates with radioresistance in several cancers, including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We reported recently that NSCLC cell lines harboring somatic, activating mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) of the EGFR exhibit significant delays in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and poor clonogenic survival in response to radiation. Here, we explore the mechanisms underlying mutant EGFR-associated radiosensitivity. In three representative NSCLC cell lines, we show that, unlike wild-type (WT) EGFR, receptors with common oncogenic TKD mutations, L858R or DeltaE746-E750, are defective in radiation-induced translocation to the nucleus and fail to bind the catalytic and regulatory subunits of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), a key enzyme in the nonhomologous end-joining repair pathway. Moreover, despite the presence of WT EGFR, stable exogenous expression of either the L858R or the DeltaE746-E750 mutant forms of EGFR in human bronchial epithelial cells significantly delays repair of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DSBs, blocks the resolution of frank or microhomologous DNA ends, and abrogates IR-induced nuclear EGFR translocation or binding to DNA-PK catalytic subunit. Our study has identified a subset of naturally occurring EGFR mutations that lack a critical radioprotective function of EGFR, providing valuable insights on how the EGFR mediates cell survival in response to radiation in NSCLC cell lines.
Reaction of pyrazole addition to quinones (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of pyrazole addition to quinonesPaloma Ballesteros, Rosa M. Claramunt, Consuelo Escolastico, M. Dolores Santa Maria, and Jose ElgueroCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 6, 1873–1876Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00032a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00032a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views663Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A novel normalization method for effective removal of systematic variation in microarray data (2006)

Normalization of cDNA and oligonucleotide microarray data has become a standard procedure to offset non-biological differences between two samples for accurate identification of differentially expressed genes. Although there are many normalization techniques available, their ability to accurately remove systematic variation has not been sufficiently evaluated. In this study, we performed experimental validation of various normalization methods in order to assess their ability to accurately offset non-biological differences (systematic variation). The limitations of many existing normalization methods become apparent when there are unbalanced shifts in transcript levels. To overcome this limitation, we have proposed a novel normalization method that uses a matching algorithm for the distribution peaks of the expression log ratio. The robustness and effectiveness of this method was evaluated using both experimental and simulated data.
Identification of domains on the 39-kDa protein that inhibit the binding of ligands to the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein. (1993)

The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor (LRP/alpha 2MR) binds and internalizes several plasma proteins including tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and alpha 2-macroglobulin-protease complexes (alpha 2M*). A 39-kDa protein that copurifies with LRP/alpha 2MR inhibits the binding and uptake of ligands by LRP/alpha 2MR, including t-PA and alpha 2M*. To define domains on the 39-kDa protein which are essential for inhibition of t-PA and alpha 2M* binding to LRP/alpha 2MR, we have generated bacterial expression constructs encoding discrete regions of the 39-kDa protein as fusion proteins with glutathione S-transferase. Inhibition of t-PA and alpha 2M* binding to LRP/alpha 2MR on rat hepatoma MH1C1 cells are shown to require amino acid residues 18-24 and 100-107 on the 39-kDa protein. Inhibition of t-PA but not alpha 2M* binding to LRP/alpha 2MR is also mediated by residues 200-225 and 311-319. The same 39-kDa protein constructs that inhibit alpha 2M* and t-PA binding to MH1C1 cells are able to bind directly to purified LRP/alpha 2MR immobilized on nitrocellulose. Thus, our studies demonstrate several specific regions on the 39-kDa protein which are required for the inhibition of t-PA and alpha 2M* binding to LRP/alpha 2MR.
Vocal and Non-vocal Segmentation based on the Analysis of Formant Structure (2017)

The process of classifying vocal and non-vocal regions in an audio clip is the base for many Music Information Retrieval (MIR) tasks. In this work, we have computed novel features based on formant structure for segmenting the vocal and non-vocal regions of a given music clip. The features such as obtuse angles at formant peak, valley locations, convexity, and concavity have been proposed for this task after thorough analysis. The obtuse angles have been computed for second, third and fourth formants as much discrimination is not found for the first formant. The computed formant related features have been added to the base-line Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) in order to improve the performance. Moreover, singer formant (F5) has also been computed forming a 19-dimensional feature vector. As artificial neural networks (ANNs) are more suitable for handling nonlinear data, they have been considered as a classifier. Further, the 11-point moving window has been applied to avoid intermittent misclassifications. An accuracy of 88% is obtained using the proposed approach with a 19-dimensional feature vector.