gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pre-clinical Specificity and Safety of UC-961, a First-In-Class Monoclonal Antibody Targeting ROR1 (2015)

Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is an oncoembryonic antigen. Because of its expression on the cell surface of leukemia cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but not on normal B-cells or other postpartum tissues, ROR1 is an attractive candidate for targeted therapies. UC-961 is a first-in-class humanized monoclonal antibody that binds the extracellular domain of ROR1. In this article we outline some of the preclinical studies leading to an investigational new drug designation, enabling clinical studies in patients with CLL.
Relationship between dihydroetorphine and cholinergic system in the inhibition of respiration and heart rate. (1986)

The respiratory inhibition caused by dihydroetorpine (DHE) was fully antagonized by pilocarpine or physostigmine, but the bradycardia was not. When atropine (icv) was combined with DHE, the respiratory inhibition was antagonized but the bradycardia persisted. However, intravenous atropine antagonized both the respiratory and cardiac inhibition caused by DHE.
Designing the Physical Aspects of On‐Campus Counselor Education Clinics (1996)

A state‐of‐the‐art on‐campus counselor education clinic is described. Recommendations are offered to other counselor educators undertaking the design of similar clinics.
Prevention of diet-induced obesity in transgenic mice overexpressing skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase (1997)

Transgenic (Tg) FVB/N mice were produced that overexpress human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in skeletal muscle using the muscle creatine kinase promoter and enhancers. It was hypothesized that, by overexpressing LPL in muscle, high fat feeding-induced obesity would be prevented by diverting lipoprotein-derived triglyceride fatty acids away from storage in adipose tissue to oxidation in muscle. Mice were examined both at 6 wk of age before high fat (HF) feeding and at 19 wk of age after 13 wk of HF (46.1% fat) or high carbohydrate (HC) feeding (11.5% fat). At 6 wk in heterozygous Tg mice, LPL was increased 11-fold in white muscle and 2.5-fold in red muscle, but not in cardiac muscle or spleen, brain, lung, kidney, or adipose tissue. Plasma triglycerides (mg/dl) were lower in Tg mice (87 +/- 7 vs. 117 +/- 7, P < 0.0001), and glucose increased (201 +/- 9 vs. 167 +/- 8 mg/dl, P = 0.029). There were no differences in body weight between Tg and nontransgenic (nTg) mice; however, carcass lipid content (% body wt) was significantly decreased in male Tg mice at 6 wk (7.5 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.0 +/- 1.0%, P = 0.035). Body composition was not different in female Tg mice at 6 wk. Overall, when Tg mice were fed either a HC or HF diet for 13 wk, plasma triglycerides (P < 0.001) and free fatty acids (P < 0.001) were decreased, whereas plasma glucose (P = 0.01) and insulin (P = 0.05) were increased compared with nTg mice. HF feeding increased carcass lipid content twofold in both male (10.3 +/- 1.1 vs. 21.4 +/- 2.6%, HC vs. HF, P < 0.001) and female nTg mice (6.7 +/- 0.9 vs. 12.9 +/- 1.8%, P = 0.01). However, the targeted overexpression of LPL in skeletal muscle prevented HF diet-induced lipid accumulation in both Tg male (10.2 +/- 0.7 vs. 13.5 +/- 2.2%, HC vs. HF, P = NS) and female Tg mice (6.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 10.1 +/- 1.4%, P = NS). The potential to increase LPL activity in muscle by gene or drug delivery may prove to be an effective tool in preventing and/or treating obesity in humans.
Intranasal Administration of Recombinant TRAIL Down-Regulates CXCL-1/KC in an Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Inflammation Murine Model (2014)

Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were i.n. instilled with recombinant TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) 24 hours before OVA challenge. The total number of leukocytes and the levels of the chemokine CXCL-1/KC significantly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of allergic animals with respect to control littermates, but not in the BAL of mice i.n. pretreated with recombinant TRAIL before OVA challenge. In particular, TRAIL pretreatment significantly reduced the BAL percentage of both eosinophils and neutrophils. On the other hand, when TRAIL was administrated simultaneously to OVA challenge its effect on BAL infiltration was attenuated. Overall, the results show that the i.n. pretreatment with TRAIL down-modulated allergic airway inflammation.
DEMONSTRATION OF TUMOR-SPECIFIC ANTIGENS IN HUMAN COLONIC CARCINOMATA BY IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE AND ABSORPTION TECHNIQUES (1965)

Two methods were used to demonstrate the presence of tumor-specific antigens in adenocarcinomata of the human colon: (a) rabbits were immunized with extracts of pooled colonic carcinomata, and the antitumor antisera thus produced were absorbed with a pooled extract of normal human colon and with human blood components; (b) newborn rabbits were made immunologically tolerant to normal colonic tissue at birth, and were then immunized with pooled tumor material in adult life. Normal and tumor tissues were obtained from the same human donors in order to avoid misinterpretation of results due to individual-specific antigenic differences. The antisera prepared by both methods were tested against normal and tumor antigens by the techniques of agar gel diffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, hemagglutination, PCA, and immunofluorescence. Distinct antibody activity directed against at least two qualitatively tumor-specific antigens, or antigenic determinants, was detected in the antisera prepared by both methods and at least two additional tumor antigens were detected exclusively in antisera prepared by the tolerance technique. Whether these additional antigens were qualitatively different from normal tissue antigens, or merely present in tumor tissue in higher concentrations than in normal tissue has not as yet been determined. Furthermore, it was shown that the tumor-specific antibodies were not directed against bacterial contaminants or against the unusually high concentrations of fibrin found in many neoplastic tissues. It was concluded from these results that the pooled tumor extracts contained tumor-specific antigens not present in normal colonic tissue. Identical tumor-specific antigens were also demonstrated in a number of individual colonic carcinomata obtained from different human donors.
The physiological effects of drafting in runners (2002)

The drafting effect has not been thoroughly studied in running. The purpose of this study&#13;\nwas to compare VOz, HR, BLa, and RPE during 6-minute running bouts with variations&#13;\nof wind velocities and with drafting. Six collegiate runners (3 male, 3 female) performed&#13;\na maximal GXT and six, 6-minute running trials against a wind velocity of 0 m*ii, 3.64&#13;\nm*s", and 4.7 mes". Three of these trials were done when draftirlg off a second runner,&#13;\none at each wind velocity and three trials without. Comparisons were made using&#13;\nrepeated measures ANOVA. Volume of oxygen consumed (V02) was significantly&#13;\nlower (p = 0.02) when drafting at a wind velocity of 4.7 m*ii (53.9 + 6.42 vs. 52.4 +&#13;\n7.32) which equates a 2.9% reduction in VOz. W E was significantly lower (p = 0.029)&#13;\nwhen drafting at a wind velocity of 4.7 m*s-' (5.5 * 1.23 vs. 3.8 * 0.75). There was no&#13;\nsignificant difference in HR or BLa at any wind velocity. The results are in partial&#13;\nagreement with similar research. The drafting effect in running may help coaches and&#13;\nrunners to train for performances and to develop time and energy saving racing strategies
Nanoscale Gap Fabrication and Integration of Carbon Nanotubes by Micromachining (2002)

This paper presents new techniques for fabricating nanoscale gaps based on micro-lithography and the assembly of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) across these gaps. A sharp nanoscale gap was fabricated by the controlled over-etching of an Al thin film. The etching process was monitored by measured resistance to fabricate a nanoscale gap (~20nm) was fabricated. It was found that the fluctuation of the etching rate during the final minutes was so uniform that we could rely on timed etching to obtain the nanoscale gap. A round-shaped gap was also created by reversing a bridge pattern with a lift-off process. The smallest gap created by this method was 150 nm. AC electrophoresis was used to deposit CNTs dispersed in a liquid across the prepared gaps. A highly oriented deposition was obtained across a round gap. Compared with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods, the suggested deposition steps can be performed at a room temperature in an open environment, thus providing more process freedom. Various configurations for device application and fundamental experiments can be conceived using the proposed method.
Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: implications for disease pathogenesis and natural history (2009)

Epidemiological data, detailed molecular studies and recent genome-wide association studies strongly suggest that ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are related polygenic diseases that share some susceptibility loci, but differ at others. To date, there are more than 50 confirmed inflammatory bowel disease genes/loci, a number that is widely anticipated to at least double in the next 2 years. Germline variation in IL23R, IL12B, JAK2 and STAT3 is associated with inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility, consistent with the newly described role for IL23 signaling and Th17 cells in disease pathogenesis. Several genes involved in different aspects of bacterial handling are defective only in CD, including NOD2 and the autophagy genes ATG16L1 and IRGM. IL10 and ECM1 are associated with UC, while inherited variation at the HLA region is related to an inflammatory colonic phenotype. The application of genome-wide association studies to inflammatory bowel disease has been successful in defining the genetic architecture of CD and UC and in delivering genuinely novel and important insights into disease pathogenesis. This has unearthed a plethora of attractive targets for the development of future therapeutics. Insights into the natural history of these complex diseases will follow and may enable appropriate patient selection for early aggressive therapy with the view to modifying the disease course.
Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ex Vivo Human Lungs Injured with Live Bacteria (2013)

In E. coli-injured human lungs, mesenchymal stem cells restored alveolar fluid clearance, reduced inflammation, and exerted antimicrobial activity, in part through keratinocyte growth factor secretion.
Calretinin staining pattern aids in the differentiation of mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma in serous effusions (2000)

Calretinin is a useful marker in differentiating mesothelioma of the epithelial type from adenocarcinoma in serous effusions. The "fried-egg" appearance or cytoplasmic and nuclear staining pattern is characteristic of cells of mesothelial origin.
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by the Gen-Probe AMPLIFIED Chlamydia Trachomatis Assay (AMP CT) in Urine Specimens from Men and Women and Endocervical Specimens from Women (1998)

Molecular biology-based amplification methods are significantly more sensitive than other methods for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. The performance characteristics of the new Gen-Probe AMPLIFIED Chlamydia Trachomatis Assay (AMP CT) with endocervical and urine specimens were compared to those of culture for patients attending two Baltimore City sexually transmitted disease clinics and a clinic for adolescents. AMP CT uses transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) and hybridization protection assay procedures to qualitatively detect C. trachomatis by targeting a 23S rRNA. Discrepant results between culture-negative and AMP CT-positive specimens were resolved by direct fluorescent-antibody staining of sedimented culture transport medium for elementary bodies and by TMA with 16S rRNA as a target. Following discrepant analysis, for 480 female urine specimens AMP CT had a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 100%. For 464 male urine specimens, the resolved sensitivity and specificity of AMP CT were 95.6 and 98.7%, respectively. For the 479 endocervical swab specimens the sensitivity of AMP CT was 100% and the specificity was 99.5%. Resolved culture sensitivities of AMP CT for female and male swab specimens were 52.3 and 58.9%, respectively. These results demonstrate that AMP CT is highly sensitive for the detection of C. trachomatis in endocervical specimens and in urine specimens from men and women.
Inhibition of Endogenous Expression of Connective Tissue Growth Factor by Its Antisense Oligonucleotide and Antisense RNA Suppresses Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Endothelial Cells (1998)

Previously, we cloned an mRNA predominantly expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes by differential display-PCR from a human chondrosarcoma-derived chondrocytic cell line (HCS-2/8) that is identical to that of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). In the present study, we investigated the roles of CTGF in the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells using its antisense oligonucleotide and antisense RNA, because angiogenesis into the hypertrophic zone of cartilage occurs at the final step of endochondral ossification. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence techniques revealed that not only hypertrophic chondrocytes but also endothelial cells in the cost-chondral junctions of mouse ribs were stained with an anti-CTGF antibody in vivo. Northern blot analysis revealed that CTGF was strongly expressed in chondrocytic cells as well as bovine aorta endothelial (BAE) cells in culture, but not in other types of cells such as osteoblastic cells. Its expression in BAE cells was greater in the growing phase than in the confluent phase. When one-half of a monolayer of a confluent culture of BAE cells had been peeled off, only the cells proliferating and extending into the vacant area were stained with the anti-CTGF antibody. The addition of an antisense oligonucleotide inhibited the proliferation and extension of the BAE cells into the vacant area. The antisense oligonucleotide also inhibited the proliferation of BAE cells in the rapidly proliferating phase. In a Boyden chamber assay, pretreatment with the antisense oligonucleotide markedly inhibited the migration of BAE cells. Furthermore, the abilities to proliferate and migrate of BAE cells, which were stably transfected with expression vectors that generate the antisense RNA of CTGF cDNA, were markedly lower than those of the control. These findings suggest that endogenous CTGF expression is involved in the proliferation and migration of BAE cells.
Cluster lifetime characterization for vehicular communication channels (2015)

Abstract—Simulating the time-variance of vehicular channels correctly remains a challenging topic. We are interested in parsimonious mathematical channel models, in which only signif-icant groups of multipath components (MPCs) are included. The MPCs are grouped in the delay-Doppler domain, which enables the development of cluster-based channel models. However, the characterization of time-variant vehicular channel parameters based on a joint clustering-and-tracking framework has not been adequately studied previously. In this paper, we focus on the cluster lifetime characteri-zation for vehicular communication channels. A joint cluster identification-and-tracking approach based on the local scattering function (LSF) is applied, which takes the delay and Doppler do-mains into consideration. The proposed approach uses a density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm for identification. The cluster centroid tracking is based on the multipath component distance (MCD) matrix. We apply this approach to real-world vehicular channel measurements. The time-varying cluster lifetimes are tracked according via the cluster centroids for two scenarios. The results indicate that the detected cluster related to the line-of-sight (LOS) component persists throughout the measurement run and contributes the highest gain level for both scenarios. The clusters detected from traffic signs and large moving vehicles also persist for a longer period, whereas many clusters associated with discrete scatterers along the roadside appear for very short periods. I.
Sequences of complementary DNAs that encode the NA1 and NA2 forms of Fc receptor III on human neutrophils. (1989)

Two polymorphic forms of Fc receptor III (FcR III) are expressed on human neutrophils. These differ with respect to their apparent molecular masses after digestion with N-glycanase, and with respect to their reactivity with MAb Gran 11 and alloantisera which recognize determinants (NA1 and NA2) of the biallelic neutrophil antigen (NA) system. To determine the molecular basis for this polymorphism we isolated RNA from neutrophils of NA1NA1 and NA2NA2 homozygotes and synthesized corresponding cDNAs. cDNAs encoding FcR III were then amplified using the polymerase chain reaction, cloned, and sequenced. The cDNA that encodes FcR III on NA1NA1 neutrophils differed from the cDNA that encodes FcR III on NA2NA2 neutrophils at five nucleotides, predicting four amino acid substitutions. As a result, NA1 FcR III has only four potential N-linked glycosylation sites as compared with six in NA2 FcR III. The amino acid substitutions and differences in the number of potential N-linked glycosylation sites probably account for the different forms of neutrophil FcR III observed after digestion with N-glycanase and for the antigenic heterogeneity of this receptor.
The energetics of phosphate binding to a protein complex (2000)

The heat of binding the serine protease, porcine pancreatic elastase, by the inhibitor, turkey ovomucoid third domain, is dependent on the presence of inorganic phosphate. This dependence is saturable and can be accurately modeled as the phosphate binding to a single site on the protease-inhibitor complex; thus, the elastase-ovomucoid system provides a unique opportunity to study phosphate-protein interactions. We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to investigate this binding, thereby providing one of the few complete thermodynamic characterizations of phosphate interacting with proteins. The binding is characterized by a small favorable deltaG degrees, a large unfavorable deltaH degrees, and a positive deltaCp, thermodynamics consistent with the release of water being linked to phosphate binding. These measurements provide insight into the binding of phosphotyrosine containing peptides to SH2 domains by suggesting the energetic consequences of binding phosphate free from other interactions.
Analysis of Body Sensor Network Using Human Body as the Channel (2008)

A body sensor network using human body as a communication medium is analyzed and designed to achieve both power- and energy-efficiency. An analysis of the body channel network on frequency, distance, transmitting power and received power is performed. The analysis reveals the star topology consumes
Bidirectional 10-channel 2.5 Gbit/s WDM transmissionover 250 km using76 nm (1531–1607 nm) gain-band bidirectional erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (1997)

The widest, seamless, 76 nm (1531–1607 nm) 3 dB gain-band bidirectional amplifier is realised by combining an erbium-doped fluoride fibre amplifier (1531–1562 nm) and a gain-flattened erbium-doped silicate fibre amplifier (1562–1607 nm) in a novel configuration of gain-band separation between upstream and downstream signals. Bidirectional 10-channel WDM transmission at 2.5 Gbit/s over a 250 km conventional singlemode fibre is successfully demonstrated using our amplifiers as two bidirectional repeaters.
Transgenic animals and gonadotrophins (1996)

A variety of transgenic animal models has been developed to elucidate in vivo the functions of gonadotrophin genes. Some of these have focused on regulatory aspects through expression of gonadotrophin subunit promoter-driven reporter genes. Others have been carried out by overexpression or targeted disruption of specific gonadotrophin subunit genes, or by eliminating pituitary gonadotroph cells in transgenic mice by expressing toxic transgenes under gonadotrophin subunit promoters. In addition, the overexpression or knock-out of genes of other hormones (for example GH and the inhibin subunits) has elucidated the regulation of gonadotrophin gene expression. Many of the transgenic animals produced serve as good models for human diseases affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function. This review summarizes the key results obtained with these novel genome modification techniques on the physiology and pathophysiology of gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion.
An overview of the basic aspects of polymer adhesion. Part I: Fundamentals (1995)

Abstract Adhesion between two substrates is a complex phenomenon which at present is still not well understood. The important existing adhesion models (electrical, diffusion, thermodynamic adsorption, chemical, etc.) are reviewed in order to try to explain their mechanisms. Thermodynamic adsorption is now believed to be one of the most importnat mechanisms by which adhesion is achieved. Difusion and wetting are kinetic means in attaining good adsorption of a polymer at the interface. In the case of this model (thermodynamic adsorption), the notion of surface energy is developed and the importance of this property in the understanding of adhesion phenomena is emphasized. The methods of determining the surface characteristics of low and high energy solids are presented. The role played by acid‐base interactions in adhesion is also mentioned.
Determinants in the N‐terminal domains of galectin‐3 for secretion by a novel pathway circumventing the endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi complex (1999)

Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding protein that is secreted from many cells although the protein lacks a signal sequence for transfer into the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments and entry into classical secretory pathways. Previously it was shown that attachment of the first 120 amino acid residues of the N-terminal sequence of hamster galectin-3 to the cytoplasmic protein chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) supported the rapid secretion of the fusion protein from transiently transfected Cos cells under conditions in which CAT protein was not secreted. Here we report that progressive N-terminal truncation gradually reduced secretion of the fusion proteins, eventually to very low levels compared with the starting product, but did not totally eliminate secretion until a significant majority of the sequence was removed. Mutant CAT fusion proteins containing internal deletions in residues 97-120 of the galectin-3 N-terminal sequence were also secreted to a similar extent to the starting product, but further deletion of residues 89-96 abolished detectable secretion. Proline to alanine mutagenesis of the sequence YP(90)SAP(93)GAY in two secretion-competent CAT fusion proteins greatly reduced or abolished their secretion, whereas similar mutagenesis of proline pairings present elsewhere in the galectin-3 N-terminal segments of these proteins had no effect. The results indicate that this sequence is one essential determinant for secretion of galectin-3-CAT fusion proteins and by inference galectin-3, at least from transfected Cos cells. However, the short sequence of residues 89-96 by itself is insufficient to direct secretion of CAT fusion proteins and appears to be active only in the context of a larger portion of the galectin-3 N-terminal sequence.