gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methods in immunotoxicology (1995)

Isolation of macrophages alveolar, peritoneal, Kupfer macrophage phagocytosis assay respiratory burst assays antigen processing and presentation assay bacterial uptake and killing by macrophages bacterial models MCMV host resistance model parasite models local lymph node assay assessment of contact photo hypersensitivity using Langerhans cell enriched epidermal cells assessment of the suppressor cell assay and its dissection assays to evaluate pulmonary hypersensitivity assessment of hypersensitivity by flow cytometry autoimmunity - animal models.
The Combination of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors with Gemcitabine and Radiation in Pancreatic Cancer (2008)

These results show that the EGFR inhibitors cetuximab and erlotinib increase the efficacy of gemcitabine-radiation. This work supports the integration of EGFR inhibitors with gemcitabine-radiation in clinical trials for pancreatic cancer.
Impedimetric or Ion‐Sensitive Field‐Effect Transistor (ISFET) Aptasensors Based on the Self‐Assembly of Au Nanoparticle‐Functionalized Supramolecular Aptamer Nanostructures (2009)

Abstract Two electrical methods (Faradaic impedance spectroscopy and ion‐sensitive field‐effect transistor (ISFET)) are applied to sense aptamer‐substrate complexes. The methods utilize anticocaine aptamer fragments that self‐assemble, in the presence of cocaine, to a supramolecular aptamer fragments/cocaine complex on the electrode surface or ISFET gate. One of the aptamer fragments is assembled on a Au electrode or the ISFET gate. The second thiolated aptamer fragment is used to modify Au NPs that are used as amplifying labels for the two detection schemes. The impedimetric and ISFET methods enabled the analysis of cocaine with detection limits of 1×10 −5 M and 1×10 −6 M, respectively.
Induction of the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor receptors by interferon-gamma. (1986)

Human HT-29 colon carcinoma and HeLa D98/AH2 and SK-MEL-109 melanoma cells were sensitive to synergistic growth inhibition by concentrations of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) and interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) which individually were only slightly inhibitory. We investigated whether this synergism could be explained by the presence of an increased number of TNF receptors in cells treated with rIFN-gamma. These receptors were measured by incubating cells resuspended from monolayers with 125I-rTNF. HT-29 cells treated for a few hours with rIFN-gamma could bind more 125I-rTNF than control untreated cells, but this binding returned to the level of control cells after 24 hr. The treatment with rIFN-gamma did not change the binding affinity of TNF receptors, but increased their number to 1800 per cell from a basal level of about 800 per cell. Inhibitors of RNA synthesis prevented this increase. HT-29 cells were significantly more growth-inhibited when treated first for 6 to 12 hr with rIFN-gamma and then with rTNF, than when treated first with rTNF and then with rIFN-gamma. Untreated HeLa D98/AH2 and SK-MEL-109 cells had 2400 and 9000 receptors per cell, with a KD similar to that of HT-29 cells (approximately 2 X 10(-10)M). A significant increase in TNF receptors after treatment with rIFN-gamma was observed in HeLa D98/AH2, but not in SK-MEL-109 cells. No increase in TNF receptors was detected in cells treated with rIFN-alpha 2. These results indicate that the synergism between rTNF and rIFN-gamma may be due, at least in part, to a transient induction of the synthesis of TNF receptors by rIFN-gamma in cells with a relatively low number of these receptors.
Downregulation of the Complement Cascade In Vitro, in Mice and in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease by the BET Protein Inhibitor Apabetalone (RVX-208) (2017)

Apabetalone (RVX-208) is an epigenetic regulator developed to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) that targets BET proteins. Through transcriptional regulation RVX-208 modulates pathways that underlie CVD including reverse cholesterol transport, vascular inflammation, coagulation, and complement. Using transcriptomics and proteomics we show that complement is one of the top pathways downregulated by RVX-208 in primary human hepatocytes (PHH) and in plasma from CVD patients. RVX-208 reduces basal and cytokine-driven expression of complement factors in PHH and in chimeric mice with humanized livers. Plasma proteomics of CVD patients shows that RVX-208 decreases complement proteins and regulators, including complement activators SAP and CRP. Circulating activated fragments C5a, C3b, and C5b-C6 are reduced by 51, 32, and 10%, respectively, indicating decreased activity of complement in patients. As complement components are linked to CVD and metabolic syndrome, including major acute cardiac events, modulating their levels and activity by RVX-208 may alleviate risks associated with these diseases.
The Oral Exam Review: A Collaborative Strategy to Decrease Students’ Test Anxiety and to Increase Learning (2006)

No AccessPerspectives on Issues in Higher EducationArticle1 Oct 2006The Oral Exam Review: A Collaborative Strategy to Decrease Students’ Test Anxiety and to Increase Learning Eva Jackson Hester Eva Jackson Hester Towson UniversityTowson, MD Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/ihe9.2.3 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In References Coffman, S. (2003). Ten strategies for getting students to take responsibility for their learning.College Teaching, 51, 2–4. Google Scholar Cooper, J., & Mueck, R. (1990). Student involvement in learning: Cooperative learning and college instruction.Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 1, 68–76. Google Scholar Finkel, D. (1999). Enhancing student involvement and comprehension through group and class discussions.Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 10, 33–48. Google Scholar Morgan, B. (2005). Cooperative learning in higher education: A comparison of undergraduate and graduate students’ reflections on group exams for group grades.Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 16, 79–95. Google Scholar Quinn, G., & Griffin, B. (1998). Students’ motivational needs and satisfaction in relation to achievement within a cooperative learning setting.Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 9, 109–121. Google Scholar Shindler, J. (2004). Greater than the sum of the parts: Examining the soundness of collaborative exams in teacher education courses.Innovative Higher Education, 29, 273–284. Google Scholar Sokolove, P., & Marbach-Ad, G. (1999). The benefits of out-of-class group study for improving student performance on exams: A comparison of outcomes in active learning and traditional college biology classes.Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 10, 49–67. Google Scholar Young, A. (2003). The challenge to challenge: Shifting the motivational climate of the college classroom for enhanced learning.College Teaching, 51, 127–130. Google Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 9Issue 2October 2006Pages: 3-5 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Oct 1, 2006 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesasha-sigsCopyright & Permissions© 2006 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF DownloadLoading ...
Vagus Nerve Stimulator Implantation in Children (2002)

Vagus nerve stimulator implantation has a low incidence of serious complications. Quality of life seems to be improved for most patients. Modifications to the surgical procedure must be considered when performing the implantation on a young patient.
Solubilization and hydrodynamic characteristics of the erythropoietin receptor (1990)

In order to study the erythropoietin receptor in its native state, we solubilized erythropoietin-receptor complexes from spleen cell membranes of mice infected with the anemia strain of Friend virus using mild detergents. Among 11 tested detergents, Triton X-100 and Lubrol PX were the most effective. Triton X-100 was therefore selected for this study. The solubilized complexes appeared to be well representative of the total membrane receptor population as indicated by cross-linking experiments and affinity measurements. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the complexes were determined by gel filtration chromatography and ultracentrifugation through sucrose gradients prepared with H2O or D2O. Although erythropoietin-receptor-detergent complexes exhibited some heterogeneity, we determined the following minimal hydrodynamic values: sedimentation coefficient (s20,w): 11.7 +/- 0.8 S, Stokes radius: 7.7 +/- 0.2 nm, partial specific volume: 0.774 +/- 0.017 ml/g, giving a molecular mass of 458 +/- 66 kDa. The contribution of the detergent was estimated to be 28% from the measured partial specific volume, giving an estimated molecular mass of 330 +/- 48 kDa for the erythropoietin-receptor complex. The minimal molecular mass value was significantly greater than those obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, strongly suggesting that the erythropoietin receptors were present as multimeric complexes. The nature of these complexes is discussed. Beside this major component our results revealed the presence of higher-molecular-mass erythropoietin binding components. We also demonstrated that erythropoietin-receptor complexes could be precipitated with anti-erythropoietin antibodies. This property should greatly improve the purification of erythropoietin receptors.
Pixy: a static analysis tool for detecting Web application vulnerabilities (2006)

The number and the importance of Web applications have increased rapidly over the last years. At the same time, the quantity and impact of security vulnerabilities in such applications have grown as well. Since manual code reviews are time-consuming, error-prone and costly, the need for automated solutions has become evident. In this paper, we address the problem of vulnerable Web applications by means of static source code analysis. More precisely, we use flow-sensitive, interprocedural and context-sensitive dataflow analysis to discover vulnerable points in a program. In addition, alias and literal analysis are employed to improve the correctness and precision of the results. The presented concepts are targeted at the general class of taint-style vulnerabilities and can be applied to the detection of vulnerability types such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, or command injection. Pixy, the open source prototype implementation of our concepts, is targeted at detecting cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in PHP scripts. Using our tool, we discovered and reported 15 previously unknown vulnerabilities in three Web applications, and reconstructed 36 known vulnerabilities in three other Web applications. The observed false positive rate is at around 50% (i.e., one false positive for each vulnerability) and therefore, low enough to permit effective security audits
Patterning Mammalian Cells Using Elastomeric Membranes (2000)

We describe the patterning of proteins and cells onto the surfaces of bacteriological Petri dishes, glass, and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with the use of elastomeric lift-off membranesfree-standing polymer films that have circular or square holes with diameters, sides, and height ≥50 μm. Cells are patterned within the physical constraints provided by the holes of the membranes; these constraints can be released to allow the cells to spread onto the rest of the surface or to remain in the pattern by controlling the properties of the surfaces. Careful control of the properties of the surfaces of the substrates are required to cause the cells to adhere to the substrate and not to the membrane, and to avoid damage to the cells on removing the membrane. This strategy of membrane-based patterninggiven the acronym MEMPAT for brevityoffers a more convenient way for patterning cells on surfaces and for studying cell spreading than existing methods.
Poly(4-hydroxy-l-proline ester):  Low-Temperature Polycondensation and Plasmid DNA Complexation (1999)

The cytotoxicity of a polycationic gene delivery system is critical for overall gene transfer efficency. Cells targeted for transfection must be able to support transcription and translation following gene delivery if treatment is to be successful. Cumulative cellular exposure time is one factor that mediates the cytotoxicity of polycations. Therefore, we hypothesized that hydrolytically degradable polycations, such as polyesters based on amino acids, could serve to reduce the cytotoxicity of polycationic gene delivery systems. In this paper, optimization of the low-temperature dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/(dimethylamino)pyridine (DCC/DMAP)-activated polycondensation of N-carbobenzyloxy-4-hydroxy-l-proline (CBZ-4-hydroxy-l-proline) to ultimately yield poly(4-hydroxy-l-proline ester) and the resulting polymer's interaction with plasmid DNA is reported. The optimized polycondensation of CBZ-4-hydroxy-l-proline resulted in a polymer with Mw = 7880. Deprotection of the CBZ group was afforded by palladium on activated carbon-catalyzed hydrogenolysis with little cleavage of the polyester backbone. The poly(4-hydroxy-l-proline ester) was able to electrostatically complex with plasmid DNA as determined by agarose gel retardation with complete retardation occurring at the DNA:polymer ratio of 1:1 (w:w). The poly(4-hydroxy-l-proline ester) also condensed plasmid DNA into nanostructures less than 150 nm at the DNA:polymer ratio 1:3 (w:w). The in vitro cytotoxicity of the polymer was compared to that of polylysine and polyethylenimine. The minimum viability of cells incubated with poly(4-hydroxy-l-proline ester) was 85%, which is excellent when compared to the cases of polylysine (20%) and polyethylenimine (2%).
Studies of peripheral sensory nerves in paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy: Evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction (2006)

Paclitaxel chemotherapy frequently induces neuropathic pain during and often persisting after therapy. The mechanisms responsible for this pain are unknown. Using a rat model of paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy, we have performed studies to search for peripheral nerve pathology. Paclitaxel-induced mechano-allodynia and mechano-hyperalgesia were evident after a short delay, peaked at day 27 and finally resolved on day 155. Paclitaxel- and vehicle-treated rats were perfused on days 7, 27 and 160. Portions of saphenous nerves were processed for electron microscopy. There was no evidence of paclitaxel-induced degeneration or regeneration as myelin structure was normal and the number/density of myelinated axons and C-fibres was unaltered by paclitaxel treatment at any time point. In addition, the prevalence of ATF3-positive dorsal root ganglia cells was normal in paclitaxel-treated animals. With one exception, at day 160 in myelinated axons, total microtubule densities were also unaffected by paclitaxel both in C-fibres and myelinated axons. C-fibres were significantly swollen following paclitaxel at days 7 and 27 compared to vehicle. The most striking finding was significant increases in the prevalence of atypical (swollen and vacuolated) mitochondria in both C-fibres (1.6- to 2.3-fold) and myelinated axons (2.4- to 2.6-fold) of paclitaxel-treated nerves at days 7 and 27. Comparable to the pain behaviour, these mitochondrial changes had resolved by day 160. Our data do not support a causal role for axonal degeneration or dysfunction of axonal microtubules in paclitaxel-induced pain. Instead, our data suggest that a paclitaxel-induced abnormality in axonal mitochondria of sensory nerves contributes to paclitaxel-induced pain.
Thermal donor formation and the loss of oxygen from solution in silicon heated at 450 °C (1988)

A calibration is established which allows the thermal donor (TD) concentration in heat-treated Czochralski (CZ) silicon to be determined taking account of the fact that TD centers are double donors. It is then shown that for CZ samples heated at 450 °C, 13 oxygen atoms are lost from solution during the time taken to produce one TD center. It appears that TD production is a minority process in relation to oxygen precipitation.
An Academic Centre for Gene Therapy Research with Clinical Grade Manufacturing Capability (1997)

Huddinge University Hospital is a major teaching hospital affiliated with the Karolinska Institute in Southern Stockholm. For the past few years several groups have been working there in different areas of gene therapy relating to cancer, genetic and infectious diseases. However, a facility to produce clinical grade material under good manufacturing practice was lacking. To this end, Huddinge University Hospital has taken the initiative to open a Gene Therapy Research Center in 1996. This facility, which is unique of its kind in Scandinavia, is located in the Novum Research Park, Huddinge, and is a part of the existing Clinical Research Center. The newly built centre will allow clinicians and researchers to develop and produce vectors (viral and nonviral) for clinical trials and do basic research to understand the mechanisms of diseases. Although the centre will primarily serve the academic institutions it will also extend its facilities to other investigators in this field. The production unit is run in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lund. On-going projects include production of plasmid vectors for prevention of postangioplasty restenosis, DNA vaccine for HIV-1, cationic liposome DNA complexes for cystic fibrosis and retroviral vectors for HIV-1.
Polarization-Independent Silicon Metadevices for Efficient Optical Wavefront Control (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate a functional silicon metadevice at telecom wavelengths that can efficiently control the wavefront of optical beams by imprinting a spatially varying transmittance phase independent of the polarization of the incident beam. Near-unity transmittance efficiency and close to 0-2π phase coverage are enabled by utilizing the localized electric and magnetic Mie-type resonances of low-loss silicon nanoparticles tailored to behave as electromagnetically dual-symmetric scatterers. We apply this concept to realize a metadevice that converts a Gaussian beam into a vortex beam. The required spatial distribution of transmittance phases is achieved by a variation of the lattice spacing as a single geometric control parameter.
Antagonism of the intracellular action of botulinum neurotoxin type A with monoclonal antibodies that map to light‐chain epitopes (1994)

mAbs were produced in mice against highly purified, renatured light chain (LC) of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT A) that was immobilised on nitrocellulose to avoid the undesirable use of toxoids. Subcutaneous implants of relatively high amounts (up to 10 micrograms each) of LC allowed its slow release into the systemic circulation and, thus, yielded much higher antibody titres against the underivatized antigen than had hitherto been obtained by conventional immunization. Seven stable hybridoma cell lines were established which secrete mAb of IgG1 and IgG2b subclasses reactive specifically with BoNT A and LC, in native and denatured states, without showing any cross-reactivity with types B, E, F or tetanus toxin. The pronounced reactivities of three mAbs towards refolded LC or intact toxin, observed in immunobinding and precipitation assays, relative to that seen in Western blots imply a preference for conformational epitopes. Though mAbs 4, 5 and 7 failed to neutralize the lethality of BoNT in vivo, administration intraneurally of mAb7 prevented the inhibition of transmitter release normally induced by subsequent extracellular administration of BoNT A. Notably, the latter mAb reacted with a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 28-53 in the N-terminus of the LC, a highly conserved region in Clostridial neurotoxins reported to be essential for maintaining the tertiary structure of the chain. Most importantly, when mAbs 4 or 7 were microinjected inside ganglionic neurons of Aplysia, each reversed, though transiently, the blockade of acetylcholine release by the toxin; this novel finding is discussed in relation to the nature of the zinc-dependent protease activity of the toxin.
HyperFace: A Deep Multi-Task Learning Framework for Face Detection, Landmark Localization, Pose Estimation, and Gender Recognition (2017)

We present an algorithm for simultaneous face detection, landmarks localization, pose estimation and gender recognition using deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). The proposed method called, HyperFace, fuses the intermediate layers of a deep CNN using a separate CNN followed by a multi-task learning algorithm that operates on the fused features. It exploits the synergy among the tasks which boosts up their individual performances. Additionally, we propose two variants of HyperFace: (1) HyperFace-ResNet that builds on the ResNet-101 model and achieves significant improvement in performance, and (2) Fast-HyperFace that uses a high recall fast face detector for generating region proposals to improve the speed of the algorithm. Extensive experiments show that the proposed models are able to capture both global and local information in faces and performs significantly better than many competitive algorithms for each of these four tasks.
Expression of the staphylococcal protein A gene in Bacillus subtilis by gene fusions utilizing the promoter from a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase gene (1986)

Gene fusions of DNA sequences encoding protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (spa) with expression elements from an alpha-amylase gene from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (amyEBamP) directed the synthesis and efficient secretion of protein A in Bacillus subtilis. The fusions were established on multicopy pUB110-based plasmid vectors, in contrast to the intact spa gene, which could not be stably established on plasmids in B. subtilis. Some of the resulting B. subtilis strains secreted protein A at levels in excess of 1 g/liter, demonstrating that a foreign protein encoded by an engineered gene can be secreted by B. subtilis at levels comparable to endogenous exoproteins.
The complete sequence of botulinum neurotoxin type A and comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins. (1990)

The seven serologically different botulinum neurotoxins are highly potent protein toxins that inhibit neurotransmitter release from peripheral cholinergic synapses. The activated toxins consist of the toxifying A-subunits (Mr approximately 50,000) linked by a disulfide bond to the receptor-binding BC-subunits (Mr approximately 100,000). We have established the complete sequence of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A; 1,296 amino acid residues, Mr = 149,425) and a partial sequence of botulinum neurotoxin type E (273 amino acid residues) as deduced from the corresponding nucleotide sequences of the chromosomally located structural genes. The promoter of the BoNT/A gene is inactive in Escherichia coli. Primer extension experiments indicated that initiation of transcription of the BoNT/A gene occurred 118 nucleotides upstream from the ATG codon. A comparison of the protein sequence revealed an overall identity of 33.8% to that of tetanus toxin. No significant similarity to other known proteins including ADP-ribosylating toxins could be detected. Three of the six histidine residues of the A-subunit of BoNT/A were found in the peptide sequence H223ELIHXXH230 within a domain of predicted alpha-helical secondary structure. This motif is also found in similar positions of the A-subunits of tetanus toxin and BoNT/E.