gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transmembrane Proteins in the Tight Junction Barrier (1999)

Abstract. Three types of transmembrane proteins have been identified within the tight junction, but it remains to be determined how they provide the molecular basis for regulating the paracellular permeability for water, solutes, and immune cells. Several of these proteins localize specifically within the continuous cell-to-cell contacts of the tight junction. One of these, occludin, is a cell adhesion molecule that has been demonstrated to influence ion and solute permeability. The claudins are a family of four-membrane spanning proteins; unexpectedly, other members of this family have already been characterized without recognizing their relationship to tight junctions. Junction adhesion molecule, the most recently identified tight junction component, is a member of the Ig superfamily and influences the paracellular transmigration of immune cells. A plaque of cytoplasmic proteins under the junction may be responsible for scaffolding the transmembrane proteins, creating a link to the perijunctional actin cytoskeleton and transducing regulatory signals that control the paracellular barrier.
An Exploratory Investigation of the Learning Styles of Students In an On-Line Degree Program (2014)

This study is an exploratory investigation into whether different leaning styles predict performance in an online course. Students enrolled in several cohorts of an accredited MBA program were surveyed with regard to their learning styles and those styles were correlated with the grades earned in the course. The program is unique in that the entire program could be completed online.
High-Capacity Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Transfer and Somatic Gene Therapy (1999)

The availability of efficient and nontoxic gene delivery technologies is fundamental to the translation of therapeutic concepts into clinical practice by gene transfer. High-capacity adenoviral (HC-Ad) vectors are characterized by the ability to transduce cells in vitro and in vivo with more than 30 kb of nonviral DNA. This quality allows simultaneous gene transfer of several expression cassettes, large promoters, and some genes in their natural genomic context. Because all viral coding sequences are removed from these vectors, safety is considerably improved compared with previous-generation adenoviral vectors.
Guided modes supported by plasmonic films with a periodic arrangement of subwavelength slits (2006)

We calculate the guided band diagram of a metallic film with a one-dimensional periodic arrangement of cut-through subwavelength slits. We find that this system supports two distinct types of guided modes propagating in a direction perpendicular to the slits when the metal obeys a plasmonic dispersion model. The first type is a well-known surface mode. The second type results from the presence of a subwavelength electromagnetic resonance inside the slits and closely resembles waveguide modes in a dielectric slab. We refer to them as effective dielectric slab modes. We show how the behavior of both modes is affected by film thickness and surface properties.
Preclinical Evaluation of the Stability, Safety, and Efficacy of CD101, a Novel Echinocandin (2016)

Fungal infections pose a significant public health burden with high morbidity and mortality. CD101 is a novel echinocandin under development for the treatment and prevention of systemic Candida infections. Preclinical studies were conducted to evaluate the metabolic stability, plasma protein binding, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and efficacy of CD101 at various dose levels. CD101 was stable to biotransformation in rat, monkey, and human liver microsomes and rat, monkey, dog, and human hepatocytes. In vitro studies suggest minimal interaction with recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes (50% inhibitory concentrations [IC<sub>50</sub>s] of >10 μM). Similar to anidulafungin, CD101 bound avidly (>98%) to human, mouse, rat, and primate plasma proteins. In a 2-week repeat-dose comparison study, CD101 was well tolerated in rats (no effects on body weight, hematology, coagulation, or urinalysis). In contrast, administration of anidulafungin (at comparable exposure levels) resulted in reduced body weight, decreases in red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelet, and reticulocyte counts, increases in neutrophil and eosinophil counts, polychromasia, and decreased activated partial thromboplastin time. Elevated plasma transaminases, total bilirubin, cholesterol, and globulin, dark and enlarged spleens, and single-cell hepatocyte necrosis were also observed for anidulafungin but not CD101. Hepatotoxicity may be due to the inherent chemical lability of anidulafungin generating potentially reactive intermediates. A glutathione trapping experiment confirmed the formation of a reactive species from anidulafungin, whereas CD101 did not exhibit instability or reactive intermediates. CD101 showed antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus infections in neutropenic mice. These preclinical studies demonstrated that CD101 is chemically and metabolically stable, well tolerated with no hepatotoxicity, and efficacious as an antifungal agent.
A Synthetic Triterpenoid, 2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic Acid (CDDO), Is a Ligand for the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (2000)

A novel synthetic triterpenoid, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), previously reported to have potent differentiating, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory activities, has been identified as a ligand for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). CDDO induces adipocytic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells, although it is not as potent as the full agonist of PPARgamma, rosiglitazone. Binding studies of CDDO to PPARgamma using a scintillation proximity assay give a Ki between 10(-8) to 10(-7) M. In transactivation assays, CDDO is a partial agonist for PPARgamma. The methyl ester of CDDO, CDDO-Me, binds to PPARgamma with similar affinity, but is an antagonist. Like other PPARgamma ligands, CDDO synergizes with a retinoid X receptor (RXR)-specific ligand to induce 3T3-L1 differentiation, while CDDO-Me is an antagonist in this assay. The partial agonism of CDDO and the antagonism of CDDO-Me reflect the differences in their capacity to recruit or displace cofactors of transcriptional regulation; CDDO and rosiglitazone both release the nuclear receptor corepressor, NCoR, from PPARgamma, while CDDO-Me does not. The differences between CDDO and rosiglitazone as either partial or full agonists, respectively, are seen in the weaker ability of CDDO to recruit the coactivator CREB-binding protein, CBP, to PPARgamma. Our results establish the triterpenoid CDDO as a member of a new class of PPARgamma ligands.
The arc-fault circuit interrupter: an emerging product (1998)

The arc-fault circuit interrupter is beginning to emerge as a new product in residential applications in the US to protect against conditions that may cause fire. This paper provides some of the background regarding its emergence as a product and the function it is intended to provide. The evolving technology may also lend itself to industrial applications, as the potential applications become sufficiently well understood.
Facile Ar−CF3 Bond Formation at Pd. Strikingly Different Outcomes of Reductive Elimination from [(Ph3P)2Pd(CF3)Ph] and [(Xantphos)Pd(CF3)Ph] (2006)

Facile and highly selective perfluoroalkyl-aryl reductive elimination from a metal center (Pd) has been demonstrated for the first time. At temperatures as low as 50-80 degrees C, [(Xantphos)Pd(Ph)CF3] undergoes remarkably clean decomposition to produce CF3Ph in high yield and selectivity. In contrast, analogous trifluoromethylpalladium aryls stabilized by rigid cis-chelating ligands such as dppe are completely unreactive at temperatures up to 130-140 degrees C. Decomposition of [(Ph3P)2Pd(Ph)CF3] in the presence of PhI in benzene at 60 degrees C does not produce PhCF3 but rather leads to [(Ph3P)2Pd(Ph)I] and [Ph4P]+[(Ph3P)Pd(CF3)3]- in a 2:1 ratio with high selectivity.
A Missense Mutation in KIT Kinase Domain 1 Correlates with Imatinib Resistance in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (2004)

KIT gain of function mutations play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Imatinib is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of ABL, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and KIT and represents a new paradigm of targeted therapy against GISTs. Here we report for the first time that, after imatinib treatment, an additional specific and novel KIT mutation occurs in GISTs as they develop resistance to the drug. We studied 12 GIST patients with initial near-complete response to imatinib. Seven harbored mutations in KIT exon 11, and 5 harbored mutations in exon 9. Within 31 months, six imatinib-resistant rapidly progressive peritoneal implants (metastatic foci) developed in five patients. Quiescent residual GISTs persisted in seven patients. All six rapidly progressive imatinib-resistant implants from five patients show an identical novel KIT missense mutation, 1982T-->C, that resulted in Val654Ala in KIT tyrosine kinase domain 1. This novel mutation has never been reported before, is not present in pre-imatinib or post-imatinib residual quiescent GISTs, and is strongly correlated with imatinib resistance. Allelic-specific sequencing data show that this new mutation occurs in the allele that harbors original activation mutation of KIT.
Modified poly(vinyl chloride) matrix membranes for ion-selective field effect transistor sensors (1988)

Various membrane compositions, in which a poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymer (copolymer VAGH) and silicon tetrachloride were incorporated as additional components in the classical PVC matrix membrane composition for ion-selective electrodes, were studied for their adhesion characteristics to the gates of field effect transistor devices used for the construction of ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs). These studies were carried out on a potassium ion-sensing system based on valinomycin with dioctyl adipate as plasticising solvent mediator.The inclusion of 10–25%m/m copolymer VAGH and 1%m/m silicon tetrachloride in the membrane casting solution was found to increase the adhesion of the plastic membrane to the gate, reflected by an increase in ISFET functional lifetimes of 4–5 d over those which did not contain VAGH and by ca. 10 d over those which contained neither VAGH nor silicon tetrachloride. Leaching of membrane components is suggested as a factor limiting the ISFET lifetimes in adhesion studies.
Immunodrugs: Therapeutic VLP-Based Vaccines for Chronic Diseases (2008)

Worldwide, the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases is increasing. The use of vaccines to induce autoantibodies that neutralize disease-related proteins offers a means to effectively and affordably treat such diseases. Twenty vaccines designed to induce therapeutic autoantibodies were clinically tested in the past 12 years. Immunodrugs are therapeutic vaccines comprising virus-like particles (VLPs) covalently conjugated with self-antigens that induce neutralizing autoantibody responses. Four such VLP-based vaccines have been clinically tested and one has achieved proof of principle: a reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive patients. To facilitate preliminary clinical testing, novel nonclinical study programs have been developed. Safety study designs have considered the underlying B and T cell immunology and have examined potential toxicities of vaccine components and primary and secondary pharmacodynamic action of the vaccines.
An Electronic Variable-Shutter System in Video Camera Use (1987)

Since 1981 when we marketed world's first MOS color video camera,1) we have been continuously improving the performance of this line of video cameras. And in 1986 we have developed an MOS color video camera with high resolution, with high sensitivity, and without smear.2)
Facing psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: are there more similarities or more differences? (2008)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis vulgaris (Pso) represent the most frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases. It has been assumed for a long time that these diseases have a completely different background. Recent findings about the genetic, epidemiologic and pathophysiologic factors of both diseases have remarkably improved our knowledge about the complex mechanisms underlying AD and Pso. Beyond that, in view of these findings, the question arises, which similarities and differences between AD and Pso exist. In order to address this point, we provide an overview about the current knowledge in the field of AD and Pso.
514 (2012)

Introduction: Septic shock patients often require two or more vasopressors to maintain hemodynamic stability. Norepinephrine is the recommended first-line vasopressor. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the choice of the additional second vasopressor has an impact on mortality. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the choice of the second vasopressor after reaching optimal norepinephrine dose in septic shock will affect outcome. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of septic shock patients requiring multiple vasopressor therapy in the ICU from July 2010 to June 2012. Patients who received norepinephrine within 24 hours of admission and a second vasopressor (vasopressin, dopamine, dobutamine, or phenylephrine) within 48 hours were enrolled. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The effect of 36 variables on mortality in the 4 vasopressor groups was assessed using logistic regression. Results: One-hundred seventeen patients were enrolled, age 61+/-17 years, APACHE IV 102+/-26, 84.6% mechanically ventilated, and 66.9% in-hospital mortality. Within 96 hours 2.9+/-1.1 vasopressors were administered. 46, 18, 27, and 26 patients received vasopressin, dopamine, dobutamine, or phenylephrine as the second vasopressor within 48 hours; with in-hospital mortality 76.1%, 52.6%, 51.9%, and 76.9%, respectively, p=0.06. Bilirubin, hemoglobin, total fluids at 48 and 96 hours had statistically significant effect on outcome amongst the 4 vasopressor groups. After adjusting for hemoglobin, total fluids at 48 and 96 hours, dobutamine showed significant decreased odds ratio (OR) for mortality compared to vasopressin: OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.12,0.90), OR 0.32 (0.11,0.89), and OR 0.35 (0.12,0.97), respectively. When adjusted for total fluids at 96 hours, dopamine had decreased odds ratio for mortality compared to vasopressin: OR 0.31 (0.10, 0.99). Conclusions: In septic shock patients requiring multiple vasopressors, hemoglobin, total fluids at 48 and 96 hours have significant effect on outcome. Dobutamine or dopamine may be the preferred second vasopressor when norepinephrine alone is inadequate. A prospective randomized trial examining the choice of second vasopressor is needed.
THE CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER IN THE UNITED STATES: LESSONS FROM THE CANCER OF THE PROSTATE STRATEGIC UROLOGIC RESEARCH ENDEAVOR (CAPSURE), A NATIONAL DISEASE REGISTRY (2004)

The presentation and management of prostate cancer have changed substantially in the last decade. CaPSURE will continue to track these trends as well as oncological and quality of life outcomes, and will continue to be an invaluable resource for the study of prostate cancer at the national level.
[Immunologic methods in epidemiologic monitoring of population, affected by radioactive iodine as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear plant]. (1993)

Ultrasound investigations of the thyroid gland and determinations of microsomal antibodies have been performed in persons who lived in the town of Korosten (Zhitomir Region) during the Chernobyl accident. A high correlation has been found between ultrasound and immunological results. The immunological screening of the population suffered from the Chernobyl disaster might be successfully used for the autoimmune thyroiditis detection. These data complete those obtained by the ultrasound tests.
Photochemistry of phenyl azide: chemical properties of the transient intermediates (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of phenyl azide: chemical properties of the transient intermediatesAlan K. Schrock and Gary B. SchusterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 18, 5228–5234Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00330a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00330a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1284Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Findings From an Accelerated in vivo Corrosion Model of Magnesium (2008)

Abstract In this article, we are presenting some findings of magnesium corrosion in an in vivo model. While there is consensus that subcutaneous bubbles will occur, it was found in our corrosion-accelerated model that magnesium corrosion is more severe in areas under the gas bubbles. This finding may bring insights to novel methods in reducing the uneven corrosion.
Wave-height distribution analysis in harbors by boundary-element method (1991)

A boundary-element method is developed for computing the wave-height distribution in harbors to account for permeable breakwaters and walls of imperfect left-lettlection. The method is examined in view of accuracy to predict the wave deformations due to the diffraction, left-lettlection and water-depth change by comparing with the results of the method of matched asymptotic expansions. Where the method of matched asymptotic expansions is applicable, the solutions by both methods coincide with errors of a few percents, provided the element-lengths are less than one tenth the wavelength. A technique is also presented to apply the method to a huge harbor using the virtual permeable breakwaters.
Immersive virtual reality on-the-go (2013)

We propose to demonstrate a ubiquitous immersive virtual reality system that is highly scalable and accessible to a larger audience. Latest trends in mobile communications as well as the entertainment industry seem to validate that, accessibility and scalability play an important role in democratizing technology. We present a practical design of such a system that offers the core affordances of immersive virtual reality in a portable and untethered configuration. In addition, we have developed an extensive immersive virtual experience that involves engaging users visually and aurally. This is an effort towards integrating VR into the space and time of user workflows.
A multi-view intelligent editor for digital video libraries (2001)

Silver is an authoring tool that aims to allow novice users to edit di gital video. The goal is to make editing of digital video as easy as text editing. Silver provides multiple coordinated views, including project, source, outline, subject, storyboard, textual transcript and timeline views. Selections and edits in any view are synchronized with all other views. A variety of recognition algorithms are applied to the video and audio content and then are used to aid in the editing tasks. The Informedia Digital Library supplies the recognition algorithms and metadata used to support intelligent editing, and Informedia also provides search and a repository. The metadata includes shot boundaries and a time-synchronized transcript, which are used to support intelligent selection and intelligent cut/copy/paste.
Compartmentalized self-replication (CSR) selection of Thermococcus litoralis Sh1B DNA polymerase for diminished uracil binding (2010)

The thermostable archaeal DNA polymerase Sh1B from Thermococcus litoralis has a typical uracil-binding pocket, which in nature plays an essential role in preventing the accumulation of mutations caused by cytosine deamination to uracil and subsequent G-C base pair transition to A-T during the genomic DNA replication. The uracil-binding pocket recognizes and binds uracil base in a template strand trapping the polymerase. Since DNA replication stops, the repair systems have a chance to correct the promutagenic event. Archaeal family B DNA polymerases are employed in various PCR applications. Contrary to nature, in PCR the uracil-binding property of archaeal polymerases is disadvantageous and results in decreased DNA amplification yields and lowered sensitivity. Furthermore, in diagnostics qPCR, RT-qPCR and end-point PCR are performed using dNTP mixtures, where dTTP is partially or fully replaced by dUTP. Uracil-DNA glycosylase treatment and subsequent heating of the samples is used to degrade the DNA containing uracil and prevent carryover contamination, which is the main concern in diagnostic laboratories. A thermostable archaeal DNA polymerase with the abolished uracil binding would be a highly desirable and commercially interesting product. An attempt to disable uracil binding in DNA polymerase Sh1B from T. litoralis by generating site-specific mutants did not yield satisfactory results. However, a combination of random mutagenesis of the whole polymerase gene and compartmentalized self-replication was successfully used to select variants of thermostable Sh1B polymerase capable of performing PCR with dUTP instead of dTTP.
Biogenesis Of Mitochondria (1988)

Cells organize many of their biochemical reactions in non-membrane compartments. Recent evidence has shown that many of these compartments are liquids that form by phase separation from the cytoplasm. Here we discuss the basic physical concepts necessary ...Read More
Production of α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene knockout pigs expressing both human decay‐accelerating factor and N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (2005)

Heterozygous alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase (GT) gene knockout pigs were produced with transgenic pig fetal cells expressing both human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III). In this study, we assessed the gene targeting efficiency in the transgenic pig fetal cells derived from different fetal tissues such as brain, skin, heart, and liver, or fetal carcass. Targeted cell colonies were selected by hygromycin B. The GT-knockout colonies (KO colonies) were obtained equally from the cells derived from all tissues except liver. Staining with five antibodies against intermediate filaments, all examined KO cell lines stained positive for vimentin with the exception of a colony that stained positive for both vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein simultaneously. This is the first study to produce KO cells from the astrocytes. Some of these KO cell lines were used for nuclear transfer (NT) to obtain KO pig fetuses. Fourteen fetuses were obtained from two recipients of the embryo transfer and eight of them had normal ploidy. The cells from the KO pig fetuses were also used for NT to produce cloned KO pigs. Two healthy clone pigs were born. These pigs were determined to have a heterozygous knockout GT gene and the two transgenes. The cells collected from the KO pigs were shown to have similar expression levels of hDAF and GnT-III compared to their original transgenic pigs and less than a half levels of the alphaGal epitopes existed in wild-type pig cells.