gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3,4-Dihydroxybenzylamine: A Dopamine Analog With Enhanced Antitumor Activity Against B16 Melanoma (1979)

3,4-Dihydroxybenzylamine (DHBA), a dopamine analog, was much less toxic than dopamine when tested against the B16 melanoma in vivo and in vitro. Daily doses of 1,000 mg DHBA/kg were better tolerated than doses of 400 mg dopamine/kg. When tested against the B16 melanoma in (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1 mice, DHBA had a significantly improved therapeutic effect as shown by a life-span increased 70% as compared to 48% with dopamine. DHBA shared the catecholamine property of selectively inhibiting thymidine incorporation as compared to leucine or uridine incorporation. Because the inhibitory effects of DHBA on the B16 melanoma cells in vitro were similar to those of dopamine, much of the improved efficacy in vivo might be attributed to decreased toxicity.
A Convex Relaxation Approach to the Affine Subspace Clustering Problem (2015)

Prototypical data clustering is known to suffer from poor initializations. Recently, a semidefinite relaxation has been proposed to overcome this issue and to enable the use of convex programming instead of ad-hoc procedures. Unfortunately, this relaxation does not extend to the more involved case where clusters are defined by parametric models, and where the computation of means has to be replaced by parametric regression. In this paper, we provide a novel convex relaxation approach to this more involved problem class that is relevant to many scenarios of unsupervised data analysis. Our approach applies, in particular, to data sets where assumptions of model recovery through sparse regularization, like the independent subspace model, do not hold. Our mathematical analysis enables to distinguish scenarios where the relaxation is tight enough and scenarios where the approach breaks down.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Liver-Selective Phosphonic Acid Thyroid Hormone Receptor Agonists and Their Prodrugs (2008)

Phosphonic acid (PA) thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists were synthesized to exploit the poor distribution of PA-based drugs to extrahepatic tissues and thereby to improve the therapeutic index. Nine PAs showed excellent TR binding affinities (TRbeta(1), K(i) < 10 nM), and most of them demonstrated significant cholesterol lowering effects in a cholesterol-fed rat (CFR) model. Unlike the corresponding carboxylic acid analogue and T(3), PA 22c demonstrated liver-selective effects by inducing maximal mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in rat liver while having no effect in the heart. Because of the low oral bioavailability of PA 22c, a series of prodrugs was synthesized and screened for oral efficacy in the CFR assay. The liver-activated cyclic 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3-propanyl prodrug (MB07811) showed potent lipid lowering activity in the CFR (ED(50) 0.4 mg/kg, po) and good oral bioavailability (40%, rat) and was selected for development for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
The Effect of Clindamycin on the Microbiota Associated With Refractory Periodontitis (1990)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of clindamycin hydrochloride, as an adjunct to scaling, on the microbiota associated with refractory periodontitis and to elucidate the probable causative bacteria associated with the disease. Microbial samples were collected from a subset of 9 patients with severe adult periodontitis who had not responded to conventional treatment modalities including the use of tetracycline and other antibiotics. Microbial samples were collected from a relatively deep site determined to be actively losing attachment and a comparably deep, but quiescent, control site in each patient prior to clindamycin therapy. Samples continued to be collected from the same sites for up to 1 year post-therapy. The microbial flora of each sample were enumerated by darkfield microscopy and predominant cultivable methods. Prior to clindamycin therapy, both active and control sites consisted on average of approximately 50% spirochetes and motile rods and 40% Gram-negative anaerobic rods. Bacteroides intermedius and Porphyromonas gingivalis (formerly B. gingivalis) were elevated in the active, as compared to control, sites and accounted for approximately 20% of the cultured microbiota in the former. Following treatment with clindamycin, the Gram-negative components of the microbiota were either eliminated or severely suppressed. At 1 year post-therapy, spirochetes and motile rods together accounted for about 15% of the microscopic flora. Total Gram-negative anaerobic rods accounted for approximately 20%, and B. intermedius and P. gingivalis combined accounted for less than 2% of the cultured microbiota from historical active sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Low cost management of replicated data in fault-tolerant distributed systems (1986)

Many distributed systems replicate data for fault tolerance or availability. In such systems, a logical update on a data item results in a physical update on a number of copies. The synchronization and communication required to keep the copies of replicated data consistent introduce a delay when operations are performed. In this paper, we describe a technique that relaxes the usual degree of synchronization, permitting replicated data items to be updated concurrently with other operations, while at the same time ensuring that correctness is not violated. The additional concurrency thus obtained results in better response time when performing operations on replicated data. We also discuss how this technique performs in conjunction with a roll-back and a roll-forward failure recovery mechanism.
Further Studies on the Microfibrils from Wool Keratin (1976)

An attempt is made to isolate the microfibrils by the oxidation, reduction, and chymotryptic digestion of the orthocortical cells obtained by ultrasonication of Merino wool in formic acid. Oxidative and reductive treatments appear to be severe and degradative, damage the microfibrils, modify certain amino acids in the isolated microfibrils, and dissolve an excessive amount of keratinous protein. By contrast, a mild chymotryptic digestion coupled with a short ultrasonication separated a fine fibrous material with a minimum dissolution of a keratinous protein and with a liberation of a small amount of globular protein.
The impact of over-the-counter vitamin D supplements on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in chronic kidney disease (2006)

Vitamin D supplements may be a valuable tool in the prevention and treatment of hyperparathyroidism in patients with stages 3 and 4 CKD. CKD patients who have oversuppressed PTH need to be asked about their vitamin supplement intake.
Knowledge and data engineering (1989)

The authors provide an overview of the current research and development directions in knowledge and data engineering. They classify research problems and approaches in this area and discuss future trends. Research on knowledge and data engineering is examined with respect to programmability and representation, design tradeoffs, algorithms and control, and emerging technologies. Future challenges are considered with respect to software and hardware architecture and system design. The paper serves as an introduction to this first issue of a new quarter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A 0.3-to-1.2GHz tunable 4<sup>th</sup>-order switched g<inf>m</inf>-C bandpass filter with &#x003E;55dB ultimate rejection and out-of-band IIP3 of &#x002B;29dBm (2012)

The trend towards reconfigurable receivers requires on-chip flexible filters that can replace dedicated, bulky and non-tunable filters (e.g., SAW and BAW [1]). Although BAW filters are compatible with silicon processes, their center frequency is sensitive to thickness variation of the piezoelectric material and the achievable tuneability is limited [1]. Other techniques to make RF on-chip band-pass filters (BPFs) include Q-enhancement, g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> -C and N-path. Q-enhancement approach has several disadvantages such as large area due to inductors which do not obey process scaling, limited tuneability and poor dynamic range [2]. Main drawbacks of g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> -C filters are the tradeoff between power consumption, quality factor, center frequency and dynamic range and the need for tuning circuitry [3]. Recently there has been renewed interest in the translational impedance conversion of N-path filters [4-6]. Due to the “transparency” of the passive mixer, baseband impedance is translated to frequencies around the clock frequency f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">lo</sub> [7]. The interesting features of these filters are their direct tuneability with f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">lo</sub> , higher quality factor compared to on-chip CMOS LC filters [2], high linearity and graceful scaling with process.
MECHANISMS OF MHC CLASS I–RESTRICTED ANTIGEN PROCESSING (1998)

Classical class I molecules assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with peptides mostly generated from cytosolic proteins by the proteasome. The activity of the proteasome can be modulated by a variety of accessory protein complexes. A subset of the proteasome beta-subunits (LMP2, LMP7, and MECL-1) and one of the accessory complexes, PA28, are upregulated by gamma-interferon and affect the generation of peptides to promote more efficient antigen recognition. The peptides are translocated into the ER by the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). A transient complex containing a class I heavy chain-beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2 m) dimer is assembled onto the TAP molecule by successive interactions with the ER chaperones calnexin and calreticulin and a specialized molecule, tapasin. Peptide binding releases the class I-beta 2 m dimer for transport to the cell surface, while lack of binding results in proteasome-mediated degradation. The products of certain nonclassical MHC-linked class I genes bind peptides in a similar way. A homologous set of beta 2 m-associated membrane glycoproteins, the CD1 molecules, appears to bind lipid-based ligands within the endocytic pathway.
Differentiation‐dependent sensitivity to cell death induced in the developing retina by inhibitors of the ubiquitin‐proteasome proteolytic pathway (2001)

The effects of inhibitors of proteasome function were studied in the retina of developing rats. Explants from the retina of neonatal rats at postnatal day (P) 3 or P6 were incubated with various combinations of the proteasome inhibitor carbobenzoxyl-leucinyl-leucinyl-leucinal (MG132), the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, or the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin. MG132 induced cell death in a subset of cells within the neuroblastic (proliferative) layer of the retinal tissue. The cells sensitive to degeneration induced by either MG132 or anisomycin, were birthdated by bromodeoxyuridine injections. This showed that the MG132-sensitive population includes both proliferating cells most likely in their last round of cell division, and postmitotic undifferentiated cells, at a slightly earlier stage than the population, sensitive to anisomycin-induced cell death. The results show that sensitivity to cell death induced by proteasome inhibitors defines a window of development in the transition from the cell cycle to the differentiated state in retinal cells.
Electrostatic Control of the Electron-Transfer Enabling Binding of Recombinant Glucose Oxidase and Redox Polyelectrolytes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrostatic Control of the Electron-Transfer Enabling Binding of Recombinant Glucose Oxidase and Redox PolyelectrolytesIoanis Katakis, Ling Ye, and Adam HellerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 8, 3617–3618Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00087a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00087a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determination of sugars in honey by liquid chromatography (2010)

Honey is a rich conventional natural resource of sweetness and energy for human beings. A protocol for the determination of two important monosaccharide sugars (fructose and glucose) in honey was established in the current study by using normal phase partition liquid chromatography and 1-5% combined working standard of glucose, fructose and sucrose.
Bladder tumor markers for monitoring recurrence and screening comparison of hyaluronic acid–hyaluronidase and BTA‐Stat tests (2002)

The HA-HAase test is efficient and superior to the BTA-Stat for detecting and predicting bladder carcinoma recurrence. Noninvasive tests with low false positive rates could be used for bladder carcinoma screening in high-risk populations (e.g., those with occupational exposure to carcinogens or smokers).
Transfer of phosphorus from small agricultural basins with variable soil types and land use (1999)

Three small rural basins in England with different soil types and farming systems were monitored from November 1994 to July 1998 to determine the amounts, forms, timing and pathways of diffuse phosphorus (P) transfer in land runoff. Annual loads of total phosphorus (TP) measured in two lowland basins and one upland basin ranged up to 4.2 and 1.4 kg ha -1 , respectively and were heavily dependent on basin flow. In all three basins, most P was transported in particulate (PP) form during high flow rates in winter when stream biological activity is low. However, comparison of two monitoring programmes in one basin also indicated elevated loads of soluble P under lower intensity storms. Monitoring of individual field tile drains in the two lowland basins indicated that much of the P transfer was agriculturally derived. The amount of flow needed to generate P transfer was greater, and the concentration of P in the runoff under equivalent flows was lower, under upland grass than under arable or mixed arable/grass cropping.
Treatment of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus in Male Patients (1980)

Twenty-three male patients with herpes simplex virus type 2 blisters on the prepuce, glans penis, and penile shaft were divided into 2 groups. Ten patients served as controls, and thirteen patients were treated with ultrasound (1 W/cm2 for 60 sec) and Herpigon on 3 consecutive days. Results showed a negative virus culture after 3 days of treatment and significant reduction of the recurrent infection in the treated group while the control group experienced recurrent infection within 62--80 days. This method offers a new therapeutic treatment for genital herpes simplex virus.
Pre-ictal epileptic seizure prediction based on ECG signal analysis (2017)

Epileptic seizures demonstrate a clear effect of the dominating behavior of the autonomic nervous system on the cardiovascular system, especially on the Heart Rate Variation. Recording of Electroencephalogram (EEG) for detection of the onset of epileptic seizure had been used for constructing automatic seizure detection algorithm. Electrocardiogram (ECG) also can be used to evaluate Heart Rate Variability in patients with epileptic seizures. This paper studies 5 minutes pre-ictal ECG signal acquired from subjects suffering from Frontal Lobe Epilepsy with demonstrated seizures, whose age ranges from 18-28. ECG is acquired for both normal and epileptic subjects with demonstrated seizures. After detection of QRS complex using modified Pan-Tompkins algorithm, we perform three analysis methods to evaluate the features that uniquely help to predict an epileptic seizure. Time domain, Frequency domain and Non linear features provide accurate results in this prediction. The process can be used for implementing an automated prediction of pre-ictal (before seizure) period for seizure using only ECG signal.
Human Monoclonal Anti-D with Reactivity against Category D^VI CellsUsed in Blood Grouping and Determination of theIncidence of the Category D^VI Phenotype in the D^U Population (1990)

B-lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed by Epstein-Barr virus were produced from cells obtained from a hyperimmunised donor with serum anti-D activity against category D^VI red cells and enriched for this activity by rosetting with category D^VI red cells. Three clones produced IgG1 anti-D and had stable cell growth and continuous secretion of antibody in prolonged culture. The monoclonal antibodies reacted with category D^VI red cells, when assessed manually and in an automated blood grouping system, and are useful blood grouping reagents for the detection of the category D^VI phenotype. Using a radiometric technique, the number of antibody molecules bound to category D^VI red cells from 5 individuals was estimated to range from 2,800 to 11,200 per cell. Five percent of blood donors classed as D^u in the south western region were found to have the category D^VI phenotype.
Solution Synthesis of Germanium Nanocrystals Demonstrating Quantum Confinement (1998)

HRTEM image of a single Ge nanocrystal. The image has been rotationally filtered to improve clarity. The lattice fringes imaged are for Ge 〈111〉, with a d spacing of 3.27 Å. Reaction between the Zintl salt NaGe and GeCl4 is shown to produce Ge nanocrystals. The reaction proceeds readily in refluxing diglyme at ambient pressure. The nanocrystals produced may be surface-terminated by reaction with RLi or RMgBr and demonstrate quantum confinement.
Modeling a Safer Smallpox Vaccination Regimen, for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Patients, in Immunocompromised Macaques (2003)

We have modeled smallpox vaccination with Dryvax (Wyeth) in rhesus macaques that had depletion of CD4(+) T cells induced by infection with simian immunodeficiency virus or simian/human immunodeficiency virus. Smallpox vaccination induced significantly larger skin lesions in immunocompromised macaques than in healthy macaques. Unexpectedly, "progressive vaccinia" was infrequent. Vaccination of immunocompromised macaques with the genetically-engineered, replication-deficient poxvirus NYVAC, before or after retrovirus infection, was safe and lessened the severity of Dryvax-induced skin lesions. Neutralizing antibodies to vaccinia were induced by NYVAC, even in macaques with severe CD4(+) T cell depletion, and their titers inversely correlated with the time to complete resolution of the skin lesions. Together, these results provide the proof of concept, in macaque models that mirror human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, that a prime-boost approach with a highly attenuated poxvirus followed by Dryvax increases the safety of smallpox vaccination, and they highlight the importance of neutralizing antibodies in protection against virulent poxvirus.
Phase noise in multi-gigahertz CMOS ring oscillators (2002)

An analysis of the phase noise in differential and single-ended ring oscillators using a time-variant model is presented. An expression for the RMS value of the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) is derived. A closed-form equation for phase noise of ring oscillators is calculated and a lower limit on the phase noise of ring oscillators is shown. Phase noise measurements of oscillators running up to 5.5 GHz are in good agreement with the theory.
Antisense Inhibition of Isoamylase Alters the Structure of Amylopectin and the Physicochemical Properties of Starch in Rice Endosperm (2003)

This is the first report on regulation of the isoamylase1 gene to modify the structure of amylopectin and properties of starch by using antisense technology in plants. The reduction of isoamylase1 protein by about 94% in rice endosperm changed amylopectin into a water-insoluble modified amylopectin and a water-soluble polyglucan (WSP). As compared with wild-type amylopectin, the modified amylopectin had more short chains with a degree of polymerization of 5-12, while their molecular sizes were similar. The WSP, which structurally resembled the phytoglycogen in isoamylase-deficient sugary-1 mutants, accounted for about 16% of the total alpha-polyglucans in antisense endosperm, and it was distributed throughout the whole endosperm unlike in sugary-1 mutant. The reduction of isoamylase activity markedly lowered the gelatinization temperature from 54 to 43 degrees C and the viscosity, and modified X-ray diffraction pattern and the granule morphology of the starch. The activity of pullulanase, the other type of starch debranching enzyme, in the antisense endosperm was similar to that in wild-type, whereas it is deficient in sugary-1 mutants. These results indicate that the isoamylase1 is essential for amylopectin biosynthesis in rice endosperm, and that alteration of the isoamylase activity is an effective means to modify the physicochemical properties and granular structure of starch.
Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 Is Strongly Expressed in Poorly Differentiated Neuroblastoma: Implications for Therapy (2009)

Aberrant epigenetic changes in DNA methylation and histone acetylation are hallmarks of most cancers, whereas histone methylation was previously considered to be irreversible and less versatile. Recently, several histone demethylases were identified catalyzing the removal of methyl groups from histone H3 lysine residues and thereby influencing gene expression. Neuroblastomas continue to remain a clinical challenge despite advances in multimodal therapy. Here, we address the functional significance of the chromatin-modifying enzyme lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in neuroblastoma. LSD1 expression correlated with adverse outcome and was inversely correlated with differentiation in neuroblastic tumors. Differentiation of neuroblastoma cells resulted in down-regulation of LSD1. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of LSD1 decreased cellular growth, induced expression of differentiation-associated genes, and increased target gene-specific H3K4 methylation. Moreover, LSD1 inhibition using monoamine oxidase inhibitors resulted in an increase of global H3K4 methylation and growth inhibition of neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Finally, targeting LSD1 reduced neuroblastoma xenograft growth in vivo. Here, we provide the first evidence that a histone demethylase, LSD1, is involved in maintaining the undifferentiated, malignant phenotype of neuroblastoma cells. We show that inhibition of LSD1 reprograms the transcriptome of neuroblastoma cells and inhibits neuroblastoma xenograft growth. Our results suggest that targeting histone demethylases may provide a novel option for cancer therapy.