gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasmapheresis and subsequent pulse cyclophosphamide in severe systemic lupus erythematosus. An interim report of the Lupus Plasmapheresis Study Group. (1994)

The rarity with which therapy-free remission is achieved in patients with severe SLE demand the continued search for improved treatment strategies. Possibly, therapeutic results can be improved by means of a "synchronized" combination of plasmaphereses followed by pulse cyclophosphamide (Ctx). If the hypothesis is correct, that plasmapheresis induces a compensatory "rebound" proliferation of pathogenic clones, then pulse Ctx applied immediately after plasmapheresis should attack these activated clones when they are most vulnerable and, ideally, eliminate them. Employing a strict variant of this strategy in a pilot study, treatment-free remission lasting now for up to 7 years were achievable in 8 of 14 SLE patients. The Lupus Plasmapheresis Study Group (LPSG) is currently conducting a randomized international multicenter trial comparing a synchronized procedure with the administration of pulse Ctx alone. The present paper explains the rationale of synchronization and reports on the interim status of the LPSG Study.
Image Profiling for History Events on the Fly (2015)

History event related knowledge is precious and imagery is a powerful medium that records diverse information about the event. In this paper, we propose to automatically construct an image profile given a one sentence description of the historic event which contains where, when, who and what elements. Such a simple input requirement makes our solution easy to scale up and support a wide range of culture preservation and curation related applications ranging from wikipedia enrichment to history education. However, history relevant information on the web is available as "wild and dirty" data, which is quite different from clean, manually curated and structured information sources. There are two major challenges to build our proposed image profiles: 1) unconstrained image genre diversity. We categorize images into genres of documents/maps, paintings or photos. Image genre classification involves a full-spectrum of features from low-level color to high-level semantic concepts. 2) image content diversity. It can include faces, objects and scenes. Furthermore, even within the same event, the views and subjects of images are diverse and correspond to different facets of the event. To solve this challenge, we group images at two levels of granularity: iconic image grouping and facet image grouping. These require different types of features and analysis from near exact matching to soft semantic similarity. We develop a full-range feature analysis module which is composed of several levels, each suitable for different types of image analysis tasks. The wide range of features are based on both classical hand-crafted features and different layers of a convolutional neural network. We compare and study the performance of the different levels in the full-range features and show their effectiveness on handling such a wild, unconstrained dataset.
β 2 -Glycoprotein 1–Dependent Anticardiolipin Antibodies and Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction (2001)

These data suggest that aCL IgG, particularly the beta2GP1-dependent variety, is an important predictor of future stroke and MI in men.
Characterization of human blood coagulation factor XII cDNA. Prediction of the primary structure of factor XII and the tertiary structure of beta-factor XIIa. (1985)

A human liver cDNA library was screened by colony hybridization with two mixtures of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides as probes. These oligonucleotides encoded regions of beta-factor XIIa as predicted from the amino acid sequence. Four positive clones were isolated that contained DNA coding for most of factor XII mRNA. DNA sequence analysis of these overlapping clones showed that they contained DNA coding for part of an amino-terminal extension, the complete amino acid sequence of plasma factor XII, a TGA stop codon, a 3' untranslated region of 150 nucleotides, and a poly(A)+ tail. The cDNA sequence predicts that plasma factor XII consists of 596 amino acid residues. Within the predicted amino acid sequence of factor XII, we have identified three peptide bonds that are cleaved by kallikrein during the formation of beta-factor XIIa. Comparison of the structure of factor XII with other proteins revealed extensive sequence identity with regions of tissue-type plasminogen activator (the epidermal growth factor-like region and the kringle region) and fibronectin (type I and type II homologies). As the type II region of fibronectin contains a collagen-binding site, the homologous region in factor XII may be responsible for the binding of factor XII to collagen. The carboxyl-terminal region of factor XII shares considerable amino acid sequence homology with other serine proteases including trypsin and many clotting factors. A preliminary structural model of beta-factor XIIa is proposed based on the known high resolution x-ray diffraction structures of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase.
Selection of new biological activities from random nucleotide sequences: evolutionary and practical considerations (1989)

Recent advances in the selection of biologically active DNA sequences from random populations are reviewed. Within the framework of evolution, forces are considered that have precluded the testing of all possible DNA sequences, purely with regard to their functionality as genetic regulatory elements or protein coding sequences. Examples are drawn from cassette mutagenesis of enzyme active sites, protein domain replacement by fusion with random genomic digests, and the selection of bacterial promoters from random DNA. Efforts to derive new activities are examined, and the likelihood of future success is evaluated.
Power-variable electrophilic trifluoromethylating agents. S-, Se-, and Te-(trifluoromethyl)dibenzothio-, -seleno-, and -tellurophenium salt system (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPower-variable electrophilic trifluoromethylating agents. S-, Se-, and Te-(trifluoromethyl)dibenzothio-, -seleno-, and -tellurophenium salt systemTeruo Umemoto and Sumi IshiharaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6, 2156–2164Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00059a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00059a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7497Altmetric-Citations478LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New construction of identity-based proxy re-encryption (2010)

A proxy re-encryption (PRE) scheme involves three parties: Alice, Bob, and a proxy. PRE allows the proxy to translate a ciphertext encrypted under Alice's public key into one that can be decrypted by Bob's secret key. We present a general method to construct an identity-based proxy re-encryption scheme from an existing identity-based encryption scheme. The transformed scheme satisfies the properties of PRE, such as unidirectionality, non-interactivity and multi-use. Moreover, the proposed scheme has master key security, allows the encryptor to decide whether the ciphertext can be re-encrypted.
Therapeutic implications of atrial fibrillation mechanisms: can mechanistic insights be used to improve AF management? (2002)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a very common clinical problem, and presently available treatment options are suboptimal. A tremendous amount has been learned over the past 10 years about the atrial substrates that support sustained AF at the tissue, ionic and molecular levels. This understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying AF has opened up a variety of new, rationally-based therapeutic approaches. The present paper reviews what is known about the mechanistic substrates that lead to AF and discusses the potential therapeutic consequences.
The significance of the co-existence of osteopontin and tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer progression (2015)

OPN can skew macrophages toward M2-TAMs during gastric cancer progression. The co-existence of OPN and infiltrating M2-TAMs correlates with disease progression and poor survival and thus can serve as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer.
Improving superficial target delineation in radiation therapy with endoscopic tracking and registration (2011)

Registration of contours generated on 2D endoscopic images to 3D planning space is feasible, with accuracy smaller than typical set-up margins. Used in addition to standard 3D contouring methods in radiation planning, the technology may improve gross tumour volume (GTV) delineation for superficial tumors in luminal sites that are only visible in endoscopy.
Identification of a new variant CYP2D6 allele with a single base deletion in exon 3 and its association with the poor metabolizer phenotype (1994)

The human CYP2D6 gene codes for the enzyme, debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase, which metabolizes over 25 therapeutically important drugs. The inability to metabolize these drugs, which results in a 'poor metabolizer' (PM) phenotype, can be attributed, in some cases, to the presence of any of three previously described mutations in the CYP2D6 gene. To identify new alleles responsible for the PM phenotype, we have examined the CYP2D6 gene from individuals whose phenotypes were not consistent with their apparent genotypes. DNA sequencing revealed a single base deletion in exon 3, T1795, resulting in a frame shift and generating a stop codon one codon after the deletion. A PCR-based test was designed for this new allele (designated CYP2D6(T)) and 236 unrelated individuals from a lung cancer case control study were tested for the presence of the CYP2D6(T) mutation. Eight unrelated individuals were found to carry the D6(T) allele. Four subjects also carry the non-functional D6(B) allele and the drug metabolism phenotypes of these four D6(B)/D6(T) individuals are consistent with the D6(T) allele being responsible for reduced debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity. The frequency of the D6(T) allele among Caucasian controls of the case-control study was 1.8% (4/220 chromosomes).
Shaping of Elastic Sheets by Prescription of Non-Euclidean Metrics (2007)

The connection between a surface's metric and its Gaussian curvature (Gauss theorem) provides the base for a shaping principle of locally growing or shrinking elastic sheets. We constructed thin gel sheets that undergo laterally nonuniform shrinkage. This differential shrinkage prescribes non-Euclidean metrics on the sheets. To minimize their elastic energy, the free sheets form three-dimensional structures that follow the imposed metric. We show how both large-scale buckling and multiscale wrinkling structures appeared, depending on the nature of possible embeddings of the prescribed metrics. We further suggest guidelines for how to generate each type of feature.
Dynamics of time-resolved photoluminescence in GaInNAs and GaNAsSb solar cells (2014)

78.47.D; 78.55.Cr; 88.40.hj.
First Demonstration of a Broadband 37-cell Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fiber and Its Application to High Capacity Mode Division Multiplexing (2013)

We report fabrication of the first low-loss, broadband 37-cell photonic bandgap fiber. Exploiting absence of surface modes and low cross-talk in the fiber we demonstrate mode division multiplexing over three modes with record transmission capacity.
Tissue‐specific expression of high‐voltage‐activated dihydropyridine‐sensitive L‐type calcium channels (1991)

The cloning of the cDNA for the alpha 1 subunit of L-type calcium channels revealed that at least two genes (CaCh1 and CaCh2) exist which give rise to several splice variants. The expression of mRNA for these alpha 1 subunits and the skeletal muscle alpha 2/delta, beta and gamma subunits was studied in rabbit tissues and BC3H1 cells. Nucleic-acid-hybridization studies showed that the mRNA of all subunits are expressed in skeletal muscle, brain, heart and aorta. However, the alpha 1-, beta- and gamma-specific transcripts had different sizes in these tissues. Smooth muscle and heart contain different splice variants of the CaCh2 gene. The alpha 1, beta and gamma mRNA are expressed together in differentiated but not in proliferating BC3H1 cells. A probe specific for the skeletal muscle alpha 2/delta subunit did not hybridize to poly(A)-rich RNA from BC3H1 cells. These results suggest that different splice variants of the genes for the alpha 1, beta and gamma subunits exist in tissues containing L-type calcium channels, and that their expression is regulated in a coordinate manner.
Antibiotic Resistance Modulation and Modes of Action of (-)-α-Pinene in Campylobacter jejuni (2015)

The aim of the study was to investigate the mode of action of (-)-α-pinene in terms of its modulation of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter jejuni. Broth microdilution and ethidium bromide accumulation assays were used to evaluate the (-)-α-pinene antimicrobial activity, modulation of antimicrobial resistance, and inhibition of antimicrobial efflux. The target antimicrobial efflux systems were identified using an insertion mutagenesis approach, and C. jejuni adaptation to (-)-α-pinene was evaluated using DNA microarrays. Knock-out mutants of the key up-regulated transcriptional regulators hspR and hrcA were constructed to investigate their roles in C. jejuni adaptation to several stress factors, including osmolytes, and pH, using Biolog phenotypical microarrays. Our data demonstrate that (-)-α-pinene efficiently modulates antibiotic resistance in C. jejuni by decreasing the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and triclosan by up to 512-fold. Furthermore, (-)-α-pinene promotes increased expression of cmeABC and another putative antimicrobial efflux gene, Cj1687. The ethidium bromide accumulation was greater in the wild-type strain than in the antimicrobial efflux mutant strains, which indicates that these antimicrobial efflux systems are a target of action of (-)-α-pinene. Additionally, (-)-α-pinene decreases membrane integrity, which suggests that enhanced microbial influx is a secondary mode of action of (-)-α-pinene. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that (-)-α-pinene disrupts multiple metabolic pathways, and particularly those involved in heat-shock responses. Thus, (-)-α-pinene has significant activity in the modulation of antibiotic resistance in C. jejuni, which appears to be mediated by multiple mechanisms that include inhibition of microbial efflux, decreased membrane integrity, and metabolic disruption. These data warrant further studies on (-)-α-pinene to develop its use in the control of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter.
Deletion of phosphodiesterase 4D in mice shortens α2-adrenoceptor–mediated anesthesia, a behavioral correlate of emesis (2002)

A combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches was used to determine the role of type 4 cAMP-specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) in reversing 2 -adrenoceptor-mediated anesthesia, a behavioral correlate of emesis in non-vomiting species.Among the family-specific PDE inhibitors, PDE4 inhibitors reduced the duration of xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in mice, with no effect on pentobarbital-induced anesthesia.The rank order of the PDE4 inhibitors tested was 6-( 4 -2450).The specific roles of PDE4B and PDE4D in this model were studied using mice deficient in either subtype.PDE4D-deficient mice, but not PDE4B-deficient mice, had a shorter sleeping time than their wild-type littermates under xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia, but not under that induced with pentobarbital.Concomitantly, rolipram-sensitive PDE activity in the brain stem was decreased only in PDE4D-deficient mice compared with their wild-type littermates.While PMNPQ significantly reduced the xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia period in wild-type mice and in PDE4B-null mice, it had no effect in PDE4Ddeficient mice.These findings strongly support the hypothesis that inhibition of PDE4D is pivotal to the anesthesia-reversing effect of PMNPQ and is likely responsible for emesis induced by PDE4 inhibitors.
Human Glioblastoma–Derived Cancer Stem Cells: Establishment of Invasive Glioma Models and Treatment with Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors (2009)

Glioblastoma, the most malignant type of primary brain tumor, is one of the solid cancers where cancer stem cells have been isolated, and studies have suggested resistance of those cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Here, we report the establishment of CSC-enriched cultures derived from human glioblastoma specimens. They grew as neurospheres in serum-free medium with epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2, varied in the level of CD133 expression and very efficiently formed highly invasive and/or vascular tumors upon intracerebral implantation into immunodeficient mice. As a novel therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma-derived cancer stem-like cells (GBM-SC), we have tested oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) vectors. We show that although ICP6 (UL39)-deleted mutants kill GBM-SCs as efficiently as wild-type HSV, the deletion of gamma34.5 significantly attenuated the vectors due to poor replication. However, this was significantly reversed by the additional deletion of alpha47. Infection with oHSV G47Delta (ICP6(-), gamma34.5(-), alpha47(-)) not only killed GBM-SCs but also inhibited their self-renewal as evidenced by the inability of viable cells to form secondary tumor spheres. Importantly, despite the highly invasive nature of the intracerebral tumors generated by GBM-SCs, intratumoral injection of G47Delta significantly prolonged survival. These results for the first time show the efficacy of oHSV against human GBM-SCs, and correlate this cytotoxic property with specific oHSV mutations. This is important for designing new oHSV vectors and clinical trials. Moreover, the new glioma models described in this study provide powerful tools for testing experimental therapeutics and studying invasion and angiogenesis.
Mediator and RNA polymerase II clusters associate in transcription-dependent condensates (2018)

Models of gene control have emerged from genetic and biochemical studies, with limited consideration of the spatial organization and dynamics of key components in living cells. We used live-cell superresolution and light-sheet imaging to study the organization and dynamics of the Mediator coactivator and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) directly. Mediator and Pol II each form small transient and large stable clusters in living embryonic stem cells. Mediator and Pol II are colocalized in the stable clusters, which associate with chromatin, have properties of phase-separated condensates, and are sensitive to transcriptional inhibitors. We suggest that large clusters of Mediator, recruited by transcription factors at large or clustered enhancer elements, interact with large Pol II clusters in transcriptional condensates in vivo.
High-frequency DC link inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic system (2003)

This paper proposes an inverter for the grid-connected photovoltaic system based on the transformerless inverter. This system consists of a high frequency inverter bridge, high frequency transformer, diode bridge rectifiers, a DC filter, a low frequency inverter bridge, and an AD filter. The high frequency inverter bridge switching at 20 kHz is used to generate bipolar PWM pulse, which is subsequently rectified by diode bridge rectifiers to result in a full-wave rectified sine wave. Finally, it is unfolded by a low frequency inverter bridge to result in a 60 Hz sine wave power output. In this paper, the control algorithm for synchronous current feedback control method and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method using DSP are described. The simulation and experimental results are shown to verify the validity of the proposed system.
In vitro and in vivo production of vascular endothelial growth factor by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (2000)

Expansion of primary solid tumors and their malignant dissemination are angiogenesis-dependent. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the key factor playing a pivotal role in solid tumor-induced angiogenesis. Recent studies indicate that angiogenesis may also be involved in the pathogenesis of certain hemic malignancies, including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Mechanisms underlying angiogenesis in B-CLL and the role of VEGF in this process are incompletely understood. In this study, it was examined whether angiogenically functional VEGF is produced by B-CLL cells. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against VEGF and CD34, an endothelial cell marker, demonstrated the presence of VEGF protein and abundant blood vessels in infiltrated lymphoreticular tissues. Low levels of VEGF were detected by ELISA in the culture media of unstimulated cells; this was enhanced up to 7-fold by hypoxic stimulation. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis of the concentrated culture media showed 2 isoforms of VEGF protein with molecular weights of 28 and 42 kd, respectively. RNA hybridization showed that these cells expressed VEGF mRNA. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, combined with nucleotide sequence analysis, revealed that the predominantly expressed isoforms were VEGF121 and VEGF165. Moreover, (3)H-thymidine incorporation and an in vivo angiogenic assay demonstrated that the VEGF produced by CLL cells can induce angiogenesis by stimulating endothelial cell proliferation. In conclusion, this study shows that B-CLL cells produce VEGF and demonstrates the angiogenic effects of this growth factor, which may be relevant for the tissue phase of the disease.
Emergency Room Triage of Patients with Acute Chest Pain by Means of Rapid Testing for Cardiac Troponin T or Troponin I (1997)

Bedside tests for cardiac-specific troponins are highly sensitive for the early detection of myocardial-cell injury in acute coronary syndromes. Negative test results are associated with low risk and allow rapid and safe discharge of patients with an episode of acute chest pain from the emergency room.