gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endocannabinoid signalling in Alzheimer's disease (2013)

The ECs (endocannabinoids) AEA (anandamide) and 2-AG (2-arachidonoylglycerol) and their lipid congeners OEA (N-oleoylethanolamide) and PEA (N-palmitoylethanolamide) are multifunctional lipophilic signalling molecules. The ECs, OEA and PEA have multiple physiological roles including involvement in learning and memory, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. They have also been implicated in the pathology of, or perhaps protective responses to, neurodegenerative diseases. This is particularly the case with Alzheimer's disease, the most common age-related dementia associated with impairments in learning and memory accompanied by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. The present mini-review examines the evidence supporting the roles that ECs appear to play in Alzheimer's disease and the potential for beneficial therapeutic manipulation of the EC signalling system.
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE) and CPE-Binding Domain (c-CPE) for the Detection and Treatment of Gynecologic Cancers (2015)

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is a three-domain polypeptide, which binds to Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 with high affinity. Because these receptors are highly differentially expressed in many human tumors, claudin-3 and claudin-4 may provide an efficient molecular tool to specifically identify and target biologically aggressive human cancer cells for CPE-specific binding and cytolysis. In this review we will discuss these surface proteins as targets for the detection and treatment of chemotherapy-resistant gynecologic malignancies overexpressing claudin-3 and -4 using CPE-based theranostic agents. We will also discuss the use of fluorescent c-CPE peptide in the operative setting for real time detection of micro-metastatic tumors during surgery and review the potential role of CPE in other medical applications.
Batch and Semicontinuous Aggregation and Sedimentation of Hybridoma Cells by Acoustic Resonance Fields (1995)

Ultrasound was used to enhance the sedimentation of hybridoma cells from medium in a 75 mL resonator chamber. Forces in the acoustic standing waves aggregated the cells, and the aggregates were then rapidly sedimented by gravity. Cell separation increased with acoustic treatment time and cell concentration. The separation efficiency was over 97% for cell concentrations between 10(6) and 10(7) cells/mL. During acoustic treatment at 180 W/L, the medium temperature increased at a rate of 1.3 degrees C/min. Ultrasonic exposures up to 220 W/L did not influence the viability or subsequent growth and antibody production of the cells. A decrease in cell viability was observed at a power level of 260 W/L. Batch separation efficiencies were as high as 98%. Acoustic separation was tested under semicontinuous operation, and above 90% separation efficiency was achieved at a flow rate of 0.7 L/h.
Effects of nefazodone on body weight: a pooled analysis of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor- and imipramine-controlled trials. (2001)

SSRIs caused more weight loss during short-term treatment but more weight gain during long-term treatment. These results lend support to the observation that some antidepressants have a greater expected risk of weight gain than others during long-term therapy.
A multi-band reconfigurable power amplifier for UMTS handset applications (2010)

A new practical reconfigurable structure for a multi-band power amplifier (PA) is proposed for UMTS handset applications. The proposed reconfigurable output matching network can reconfigure the output power as well as the frequency. It consists of a path-selection network, a power-reconfigurable network, and a frequency-reconfigurable network. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed structure, a 5 mm × 5 mm prototype reconfigurable PA module is developed for UMTS high-frequency band application. The fabricated PA module can cover any two bands out of three popular high-frequency UMTS bands. The fabricated amplifier module showed adjacent channel leakage ratios (ACLRs) better than -38 dBc up to the rated linear power and power-added efficiencies (PAEs) of higher than 38% at 28 dBm over all high-frequency UMTS bands. Efficiency degradation was limited to 2-3% compared to the single-band PA. Measured RF performance of the reconfigurable PA validates the usefulness of the proposed reconfigurable structure for multi-band UMTS applications.
Language Comprehension in Language-Learning Impaired Children Improved with Acoustically Modified Speech (1996)

A speech processing algorithm was developed to create more salient versions of the rapidly changing elements in the acoustic waveform of speech that have been shown to be deficiently processed by language-learning impaired (LLI) children. LLI children received extensive daily training, over a 4-week period, with listening exercises in which all speech was translated into this synthetic form. They also received daily training with computer "games" designed to adaptively drive improvements in temporal processing thresholds. Significant improvements in speech discrimination and language comprehension abilities were demonstrated in two independent groups of LLI children.
2-Halogeno-1,3-dithiane 1,3-dioxide: a diastereoselective carbonyl anion equivalent in reactions with aldehydes (1997)

The metal anions of 2-halogeno-1,3-dithiane trans-1,3-dioxide react diastereoselectively with aldehydes. The scope and limitations of this reaction have been studied through variations in the metal counter-ion, halogen, aldehyde and reaction temperature, with a view to achieving umpolung asymmetric Darzens type reactions. Chlorohydrins were obtained with high diastereoselectivity by reaction of the lithium anion of 2-chloro-1,3-dithiane dioxide 4 with aromatic aldehydes under equilibrating conditions. Aliphatic aldehydes gave poor selectivities. Attempted stereospecific conversion of the chlorohydrins into epoxides resulted only in reversion to 4 and aldehyde. Use of sodium or potassium bases gave lower yields of chlorohydrins; epoxides were not isolated. It was possible to obtain aromatic bromohydrins with high selectivity using the magnesium anion of 2-bromo-1,3-dithiane 1,3-dioxide 5 as the nucleophile, but once again ring closure to form epoxides failed to compete with the facile retro-aldol process. Use of sodium bases with 5 resulted in capricious reactions from which a single isomer of epoxide could be isolated. There is evidence of decomposition of the target epoxides under the reaction conditions to α-substituted carbonyl compounds and 1,2-dithiolane 1-oxide.
Metal–Organic Frameworks from Edible Natural Products (2010)

Let them eat MOFs: Take a spoonful of sugar (γ-cyclodextrin to be precise), a pinch of salt (most alkali metal salts will suffice), and a swig of alcohol (Everclear fits the bill), and you have a robust, renewable, nanoporous (Langmuir surface area 1320 m2 g−1) metal–organic framework for breakfast (CD-MOF-1; see picture, C gray, O red, K purple; yellow sphere: pore). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Treadmill exercise improves short-term memory by enhancing neurogenesis in amyloid beta-induced Alzheimer disease rats (2014)

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most devastating neurodegenerative disorders, and this disease is characterized by severe memory impairment and decline of cognition. Hippocampal neurons are vulnerable to injury induced by Alzheimer's disease. Physical exercise is known to promote cell survival and functional recovery after brain injuries. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory in relation with neurogenesis in the rats with amyloid β25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced Alzheimer's disease. The rat model of Alzheimer's disease was induced by the intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ25-35, using a stereotaxic instrument. The rats in the exercise group were forced to run on a treadmill for 30 min once daily for 4 consecutive weeks, starting 2 days after Aβ25-35 injection. Presently, short-term memory was deteriorated and apical dendritic length in the hippocampus was shortened in the hippocampus by Aβ25-35 injection. In contrast, treadmill exercise alleviated memory impairment and increased apical dendritic length in the Aβ25-35-injected rats. Neurogenesis and brain-derived neurotorphic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (trkB) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were decreased by Aβ25-35 injection. Treadmill exercise increased neurogenesis and expressions of BDNF and trkB expressions. The present study shows that treadmill exercise may provide therapeutic value for the alleviating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
C-Reactive Protein Predicts the Deterioration of Glycemia in Chinese Subjects With Impaired Glucose Tolerance (2003)

CRP independently predicts the risk of remaining in IGT or progressing to diabetes in Chinese subjects with IGT. CRP might provide an adjunctive measure for identifying subjects with the highest risk of progression to diabetes who would derive the greatest benefits from preventive interventions.
A novel PDMS microfluidic spotter for fabrication of protein chips and microarrays (2005)

A novel PDMS microfluidic spotter system has been developed for the patterning of surface microarrays that require individually addressing each spot area and high probe density. Microfluidic channels are used to address each spot region and large spot arrays can be addressed in parallel. Fluorescence intensity measurement of dye-spotted samples compared to control and pipetted drops demonstrated a minimum of a three-fold increase in dye surface density. Surface plasmon resonance measurement of protein-spotted samples as compared to pin-spotted samples demonstrated an 86-fold increase in protein surface density. This novel spotter system can be applied to the production of high-throughput arrays in the fields of genomics, proteomics, immunoassays and fluorescence or luminescence assays.
Robust Denoising using Feature and Color Information (2013)

Abstract We propose a method that robustly combines color and feature buffers to denoise Monte Carlo renderings. On one hand, feature buffers, such as per pixel normals, textures, or depth, are effective in determining denoising filters because features are highly correlated with rendered images. Filters based solely on features, however, are prone to blurring image details that are not well represented by the features. On the other hand, color buffers represent all details, but they may be less effective to determine filters because they are contaminated by the noise that is supposed to be removed. We propose to obtain filters using a combination of color and feature buffers in an NL‐means and cross‐bilateral filtering framework. We determine a robust weighting of colors and features using a SURE‐based error estimate. We show significant improvements in subjective and quantitative errors compared to the previous state‐of‐theart. We also demonstrate adaptive sampling and space‐time filtering for animations.
The role of histone demethylases in cancer therapy (2012)

Reversible histone methylation has emerged in the last few years as an important mechanism of epigenetic regulation. Histone methyltransferases and demethylases have been identified as contributing factors in the development of several diseases, especially cancer. Therefore, they have been postulated to be new drug targets with high therapeutic potential. Here, we review histone demethylases with a special focus on their potential role in oncology drug discovery. We present an overview over the different classes of enzymes, their biochemistry, selected data on their role in physiology and already available inhibitors.
Food Processing Characteristics of Soybean 11S and 7S Proteins (1969)

This paper deals with the contribution of protein components in soybean seeds to the physical properties of tofu-gel. Results obtained in tofu-making, using crude 11S and 7S components from defatted soybean meal, indicated that there presented significant difference between tofu-gels from crude 11S and 7S, namely, the tofu-gel from crude 11S was remarkably harder than that from crude 7S. And it has been recognized that the proportion of 11S to 7S in total protein of soybean seeds considerably differed among varieties and that the difference of the proportion might be related to the physical properties of tofu-gel prepared.
Diphenyl(2,2'-bipyridyl)dioxomolybdenum(VI) and -tungsten(VI): a comparative study (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiphenyl(2,2'-bipyridyl)dioxomolybdenum(VI) and -tungsten(VI): a comparative studyCheng Zhang, Xumu Zhang, Nan Hui Liu, Gerhard N. Schrauzer, and Elmer O. SchlemperCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 4, 1307–1311Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/om00118a065Request reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (585 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Lanthanide-promoted and nickel cyanide-catalyzed carbonylation reactions under phase-transfer conditions (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLanthanide-promoted and nickel cyanide-catalyzed carbonylation reactions under phase-transfer conditionsIbrahim Amer and Howard AlperCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 3, 927–930Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00185a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00185a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views407Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of terminal complement complexes in rheumatoid arthritis. (1988)

Though complement activation is recognized as a central event in inflammation in the rheumatoid joint, little attention has been paid to the role of the cytolytic membrane attack complex of complement in the pathogenesis of this disease. The membrane attack complex causes a variety of non-lethal effects in nucleated cells, including stimulation of release of inflammatory mediators, and cell proliferation. Thus in the rheumatoid synovium, non-lethal effects of complement membrane attack may play a major role in disease pathology. In order to investigate this possibility, assays for the detection of terminal complement complexes in biological fluids have been established, and used to demonstrate membrane attack pathway activation in rheumatoid arthritis. Terminal complement complexes were present in increased levels in synovial fluid (mean, 1,334 ng/ml) and plasma (mean, 513 ng/ml) in 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis when compared with controls (mean, 285 ng/ml and 129 ng/ml respectively). Using an assay specific for the SC5b-9 complex it was demonstrated that the raised levels of terminal complement complexes in rheumatoid synovial fluid consisted of a mixture of inactive SC5b-9 complexes and fluid-phase complement membrane attack complexes.
Deficiency of the murine fifth complement component (C5). A 2-base pair gene deletion in a 5'-exon. (1990)

To ascertain the molecular mechanism that causes murine C5 deficiency, genomic and cDNA libraries were constructed from mouse liver DNA and mRNA employing the congenic strains B10.D2/nSnJ and B10.D2/oSnJ that are sufficient and deficient for C5, respectively. Genomic fragments were isolated which correspond to PvuII and HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with C5 deficiency. Sequence analyses demonstrated that each of these polymorphisms resulted from single base pair substitutions and that neither substitution would probably cause or contribute to the C5 deficiency. Sequence analyses of C5 sufficient and deficient cDNAs revealed a 2 base-pair deletion in the deficient cDNAs. The "TA" deletion was located near the 5' end of the cDNA. This deletion shifts the reading frame of the C5 mRNA so that the termination codon UGA is present 4 base pairs downstream from the deletion. Genomic DNA was amplified and sequenced corresponding to the area surrounding the 2-base pair deletion. Six C5-deficient strains, A/HeJ, AKR/J, DBA/2J, NZB/B1NJ, SWR/J, and B10.D2/oSnJ, and four C5-sufficient strains, Balb/CJ, C57Bl/6J, DBA/1J, and B10.D2/nSnJ, were analyzed. The sequencing data revealed that the 2 base pairs were deleted from the C5 gene of each deficient mouse tested but not from the C5 gene of any sufficient mouse. These data demonstrate that: 1) there is an identical 2-base pair deletion in an exon of the C5 gene in several different C5-deficient mouse strains; 2) the mRNA transcribed from the C5D gene retains this deletion; and 3) this mutation should result in C5 protein deficiency.
One-sided action of amphotericin B on cholesterol-containing membranes is determined by its self-association in the medium (1991)

The inducement of K+ permeability through membranes by the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB) has been analyzed as a measure of the antibiotic activity. Dose-response curves have been obtained with cholesterol- and ergosterol-containing egg yolk phosphatidylcholine large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs), human erythrocytes, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Conductance changes induced by AmB in sterol-containing planar bilayer membranes have also been studied. AmB self-association in aqueous buffer was determined by circular dichroism (CD) as a function of the antibiotic concentration. Electronic absorption and CD spectra of AmB were recorded in the presence of LUVs. For given AmB concentrations, the extent of permeability inducement is dependent on the lipid concentration. On the other hand, for cholesterol-containing LUVs or erythrocytes, a critical AmB concentration had to be reached before any permeability is observed. Independent of lipid concentration, this concentration was directly related to antibiotic self-association in the aqueous buffer. The same observation was made for erythrocytes and nystatin. The AmB absorption and CD spectra were totally different for ergosterol- and cholesterol-containing LUVs. Formation of single channels by one-sided addition of AmB could be observed only in ergosterol-containing membranes. These data lead us to propose that the permeability pathways induced by amphotericin B or nystatin, in ergosterol- and in cholesterol-containing membranes, are of different natures. In the latter case the antibiotics are only active, by single-sided addition, in the self-associated form. These findings offer important clues for the design of less toxic derivatives of AmB: they should have a low degree of self-association in water.
A fluorescent glucose sensor binding covalently to all five hydroxy groups of α-D-glucofuranose. A reinvestigation (1999)

The structures of the complexes between a fluorescent bisboronic acid 7 and glucose have been determined. Shinkai et al.1 previously studied the complex between 7 and glucose and they deduced a 1,2∶4,6-α-D-glucopyranose bisboronate structure. We have shown that this structure is only valid as an initial complex formed under completely nonaqueous conditions. In the presence of water the pyranose complex rearranges rapidly into an α-D-glucofuranose-1,2∶3,5,6-bisboronate in which all five free hydroxy groups of glucose are covalently bound by the sensor molecule. A favourable B–N interaction around the 1,2-binding site and the effect of an o-ammoniomethyl group on the pKa value of the second boronic acid group allow for the observed binding at neutral pH. The structure evaluations are based on 1H and 13C NMR data as well as information obtained from 1JCC coupling constants. The fluorescence spectra of both complexes were measured and discussed. MALDI TOF-MS experiments showed competitive formation of 1∶2 (boronic acid∶glucose) complexes under conditions of physiological glucose levels.
Genetically Encoding Albumin Binding into Chemotherapeutic-loaded Polypeptide Nanoparticles Enhances Their Antitumor Efficacy (2018)

We report the development of drug-encapsulating nanoparticles that bind endogenous albumin upon intravenous injection and evaluate their in vivo performance in a murine as well as canine animal model. The gene encoding a protein-G derived albumin binding domain (ABD) was fused to that of a chimeric polypeptide (CP), and the ABD-CP fusion was recombinantly synthesized by bacterial expression of the gene. Doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to the C-terminus of the ABD-CP fusion, and conjugation of multiple copies of the drug to one end of the ABD-CP triggered its self-assembly into ∼100 nm diameter spherical micelles. ABD-decorated micelles exhibited submicromolar binding affinity for albumin and also preserved their spherical morphology in the presence of albumin. In a murine model, albumin-binding micelles exhibited dose-independent pharmacokinetics, whereas naked micelles exhibited dose-dependent pharmacokinetics. In addition, in a canine model, albumin binding micelles resulted in a 3-fold increase in plasma half-life and 6-fold increase in plasma exposure as defined by the area under the curve (AUC) of the drug, compared with naked micelles. Furthermore, in a murine colon carcinoma model, albumin-binding nanoparticles demonstrated lower uptake by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) system organs, the liver and spleen, that are the main target organs of toxicity for nanoparticulate delivery systems and higher uptake by the tumor than naked micelles. The increased uptake by s.c. C26 colon carcinoma tumors in mice translated to a wider therapeutic window of doses ranging from 20 to 60 mg equivalent of DOX per kg body weight (mg DOX equiv·kg<sup>-1</sup> BW) for albumin-binding ABD-CP-DOX micelles, as compared to naked micelles that were only effective at their maximum tolerated dose of 40 mg DOX equiv·kg<sup>-1</sup> BW.