gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined effect of polarization diversity and mutual coupling on MIMO capacity (2004)

This paper examines the combined effect of varying antenna polarization and mutual coupling in a generic non line of sight (NLOS) environment on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system's performance. Simulations at various inter-element spacing and antenna polarization are conducted in an obstructed street alley environment. This introduces variations in pattern diversity that can potentially benefit channel performance. Our goal is to finally relate this study to the design of antenna arrays for practical mobile terminals.
The Rexinoid LG100754 Is a Novel RXR:PPARγ Agonist and Decreases Glucose Levelsin Vivo (2001)

The RXR serves as a heterodimer partner for the PPARgamma and the dimer is a molecular target for insulin sensitizers such as the thiazolidinediones. Ligands for either receptor can activate PPAR-dependent pathways via PPAR response elements. Unlike PPARgamma agonists, however, RXR agonists like LG100268 are promiscuous and activate multiple RXR heterodimers. Here, we demonstrate that LG100754, a RXR:RXR antagonist and RXR:PPARalpha agonist, also functions as a RXR:PPARgamma agonist. It does not activate other LG100268 responsive heterodimers like RXR:liver X receptoralpha, RXR:liver X receptorbeta, RXR:bile acid receptor/farnesoid X receptor and RXR:nerve growth factor induced gene B. This unique RXR ligand triggers cellular RXR:PPARgamma-dependent pathways including adipocyte differentiation and inhibition of TNFalpha-mediated hypophosphorylation of the insulin receptor, but does not activate key farnesoid X receptor and liver X receptor target genes. Also, LG100754 treatment of db/db animals leads to an improvement in insulin resistance in vivo. Interestingly, activation of RXR:PPARgamma by LG100268 and LG100754 occurs through different mechanisms. Therefore, LG100754 represents a novel class of insulin sensitizers that functions through RXR but exhibits greater heterodimer selectivity compared with LG100268. These results establish an approach to the design of novel RXR-based insulin sensitizers with greater specificity.
A 3.42 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ Flash Memory Cell Technology Conformable to a Sector Erase (1991)

This paper describes a 3.42 μ m2 memory cell technology for a simple stacked gate Flash Memory, based on a 0.6μ m CMOS process. A sector erase scheme which uses a negative gate voltage is proven to be effective in realizing a selective erase for each word line. Versatile techniques to suppress aggravate erase and program disturb phenomena due to the sector erase and discussed.
A practical process for the preparation of tetrahydro-1-methyl-3,3-diphenyl-1H,3H-pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3,2]oxazaborole-borane. A highly enantioselective stoichiometric and catalytic reducing agent (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA practical process for the preparation of tetrahydro-1-methyl-3,3-diphenyl-1H,3H-pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3,2]oxazaborole-borane. A highly enantioselective stoichiometric and catalytic reducing agentDavid J. Mathre, Andrew S. Thompson, Alan W. Douglas, Karst Hoogsteen, James D. Carroll, Edward G. Corley, and Edward J. J. GrabowskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 10, 2880–2888Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00062a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00062a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2349Altmetric-Citations187LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Small RNA combination therapy for lung cancer (2014)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and siRNAs have enormous potential as cancer therapeutics, but their effective delivery to most solid tumors has been difficult. Here, we show that a new lung-targeting nanoparticle is capable of delivering miRNA mimics and siRNAs to lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and to tumors in a genetically engineered mouse model of lung cancer based on activation of oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (Kras) and loss of p53 function. Therapeutic delivery of miR-34a, a p53-regulated tumor suppressor miRNA, restored miR-34a levels in lung tumors, specifically down-regulated miR-34a target genes, and slowed tumor growth. The delivery of siRNAs targeting Kras reduced Kras gene expression and MAPK signaling, increased apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth. The combination of miR-34a and siRNA targeting Kras improved therapeutic responses over those observed with either small RNA alone, leading to tumor regression. Furthermore, nanoparticle-mediated small RNA delivery plus conventional, cisplatin-based chemotherapy prolonged survival in this model compared with chemotherapy alone. These findings demonstrate that RNA combination therapy is possible in an autochthonous model of lung cancer and provide preclinical support for the use of small RNA therapies in patients who have cancer.
Combined methodology for measurement of available bandwidth and link capacity in wired packet networks (2010)

Accurate measurement of network parameters such as available bandwidth (ABW), link capacity, delay, packet loss and jitter are used to support and monitor several network functions, for example traffic engineering, quality-of-service (QoS) routing, end-to-end transport performance optimisation and link capacity planning. However, proactive network measurement schemes can impact both the data traffic and the measurement process itself, affecting the accuracy of the estimation if a significant amount of probe traffic is injected into the network. In this work, the authors propose two measurement schemes, one for measuring ABW and the other for measuring link capacity, both of them use a combination of data probe packets and Internet control messaging protocol (ICMP) packets. Our schemes perform ABW and link-capacity measurements in a short time and with a small amount of probe traffic. The authors show a performance study of our measurement schemes and compare their accuracy to those of other existing measurement schemes and also show that the proposed schemes achieve shorter convergence time than other existing schemes and high accuracy.
DNA therapy for asthma (2002)

Asthma therapy, like other therapies, has been moving towards a molecular basis for several years. This year, there have been several preclinical studies published which utilize attributes or facets of DNA to address asthma therapeutics. These include antisense oligonucleotides (against the nuclear transcription factor GATA-3 and the mast cell chemotactic agent, stem cell factor), gene transfer (of interleukin-18, both by plasmid and viral vectors), and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (which suppress Th2 and stimulate Th1 responses). No clinical experience has yet been reported for any of these areas of research in asthma, but clinical trials are ongoing utilizing CpG oligonucleotides.
MCP-1 protects mice in lethal endotoxemia. (1997)

The overzealous production of proinflammatory cytokines in sepsis can result in shock, multiorgan dysfunction, and even death. In this study, we assessed the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as a mediator of sepsis in endotoxin-challenged mice. Intraperitoneal administration of LPS to CD-1 mice induced a substantial time-dependent increase in MCP-1 in plasma, lung, and liver. The passive immunization of mice with rabbit antimurine MCP-1 antiserum 2 h before endotoxin administration resulted in a striking increase in LPS-induced mortality from 10% in control animals to 65% in anti-MCP-1-treated animals. Importantly, the administration of anti-MCP-1 antibodies to endotoxin-challenged mice resulted in increases in peak TNF-alpha and IL-12 levels, and also in a trend toward decreased serum levels of IL-10. Conversely, the administration of recombinant murine MCP-1 intraperitoneally significantly protected mice from endotoxin-induced lethality, and resulted in an increase in IL-10 levels, a decrease in IL-12 levels, and a trend toward decreased levels of TNF. In conclusion, our findings indicate that MCP-1 is a protective cytokine expressed in murine endotoxemia, and does so by shifting the balance in favor of antiinflammatory cytokine expression in endotoxin-challenged animals.
Bacterial phosphotransferase system. Solubilization and purification of the glucose-specific enzyme II from membranes of Salmonella typhimurium. (1982)

The glucose-specific enzyme II (IIGlc) of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system of Salmonella typhimurium has been purified to homogeneity. Purification included the following steps: detergent solubilization of membranes in polydisperse octyloligooxyethylene, isoelectrofocusing, chromatofocusing, and either glycerol gradient centrifugation or gel filtration, all in the presence of the same detergent. Enzymatic activity was assayed as phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. It could be measured after detergent dilution only and required the presence of phosphatidylglycerol in a sonicated suspension. An antiserum prepared against enzyme IIGlc specifically inhibited phosphorylation of methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. In the solubilized state, purified enzyme IIGlc exists as a complex of molecular weight of 105,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.8 S. In polyacrylamide gels in sodium dodecyl sulfate, it has an apparent molecular weight of about 40,000.
CELEBRARÁN ELABORACIÓN DE LA CARTA DEL CIELO (2010)

CON UNA SERIE DE ACTIVIDADES VINCULADAS A LA ASTRONOMIA –QUE TENDRAN LUGAR EN ZONAS ARQUEOLOGICAS, PLAZAS PUBLICAS, PARQUES Y CENTROS CULTURALES DE DIVERSOS ESTADOS DEL PAIS– SE RECORDARA LA PARTICIPACION DE MEXICO EN LA ELABORACION DE LA LLAMADA CARTA DEL CIELO, CREADA EN 1887, MEDIANTE UNA SERIE DE FOTOGRAFIAS DEL FIRMAMENTO, QUE SIRVIO PARA DETERMINAR LA POSICION DE LAS CONSTELACIONES.
Prospects for an influenza vaccine that induces cross‐protective cytotoxic T lymphocytes (2009)

Our approach to vaccination against influenza is unique. For no other pathogen do we construct and produce a new vaccine every year in the face of uncertainty about the strains that will be circulating when it is used. The huge global cooperative effort that underpins this process reflects our awareness of the need to control this major pathogen. Moreover, the threat of devastation by a pandemic due to a newly emerging viral subtype has triggered an intense effort to improve and accelerate the production of vaccines for use if a pandemic arises. However, type A influenza viruses responsible for seasonal epidemics and those with the potential to cause a pandemic share amino acid sequences that form the targets of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL activated by currently circulating viruses, therefore, offer a possible means to limit the impact of infection with future variant seasonal strains and even new subtypes. This review examines how cross-protective CTL can be exploited to improve influenza vaccination and issues that need to be considered when attempting to induce this type of immunity. We discuss the role of CTL responses in viral control and review the current knowledge relating to specificity and longevity of memory CD8(+) T cells, how vaccine antigen can be loaded into antigen-presenting cells to prime these responses and factors influencing the class of response induced. Application of these principles to the next generation of influenza vaccines should lead to much greater control of infection.
Extrinsic Premelting at the Ice-Glass Interface (1994)

This paper describes an investigation into premelting at the ice-glass interface. Using ellipsometry to monitor the thickness of the ice-glass interface, we show that no intrinsic premelting occurs at the interface between ice and smooth clean glass. However, premelting is observed at interfaces with roughened glass surfaces and with the introduction of surface impurities. Roughened glass which was made hydrophobic showed no premelting. The implications for theories of premelting are discussed.
Motion Perception following Lesions of the Superior Temporal Sulcus in the Monkey (1994)

We examined the effect of bilateral ibotenic acid lesions, aimed at areas MT/MST in three macaques, on their perception of motion. The medial boundary of the lesions in the three monkeys was near the dorsal end of the STS, but the lesions extended different lengths ventrally along the STS. The lesions extended the shortest distance ventrally monkeys 1 and 2, covering most of MST but possibly sparing a portion of lateral MT. That in monkey 3 damaged all of MT and MST bilaterally and extended through most of FST. All three lesions caused a temporary disruption, followed by at least partial recovery, of most motion thresholds. Permanent effects of the lesions on visual sensitivity were graded with lesion extent. Contrast sensitivity for detecting low-spatial-frequency (1 cycle/degree) drifting gratings over a wide range of drift rates, as well as for identifying their direction of motion, was slightly affected only in monkey 3. Only monkeys 2 and 3 showed a deficit in discriminating stimulus speed, and the size of the loss was two- to fourfold. Discrimination of opposite directions of dot pattern motion, which required integration of local motion signals, was mildly affected in monkeys 2 and 3, and not affected in monkey 1. However, addition of directional noise to this discrimination caused the performance of all monkeys to be permanently disrupted, especially that of monkeys 2 and 3. Finally, direction difference thresholds were elevated by a factor of 2-4 after the lesions in all three monkeys. Many of these deficits were more pronounced during the first 2 months of testing following the lesion. Thus, our results demonstrate that areas within dorsal STS make an important contribution to the performance of various motion perception tasks including the discrimination of small differences in direction and speed, and the perception of global motion in the presence of directional noise. The residual motion perception, even in the monkey with virtually complete removal of areas MT/MST, may suggest either that these tasks are normally mediated in part by cortical areas outside of areas MT and MST, or that the disrupted functions were partially assumed by other cortical areas after lesions.
Phage surface presentation and secretion of antibody fragments using an adaptable phagemid vector (1994)

Phagemid vectors have been developed which promise to supersede hybridoma technology for the selection and production of human antibodies. We have modified an existing phagemid vector to improve the stability of synthesized soluble antibody fragments. The vector allows the antibody fragment to be produced: i) as a soluble protein incorporating a stable carboxyl terminal octapeptide (FLAG) or, ii) on the surface of a bacteriophage fused to a minor coat protein (the gene III protein). The antibody gene encoding the well characterized monoclonal antibody NC10 (an antibody that recognizes the neuraminidase of the influenza strain N9) was inserted as a single chain Fv construct into the phagemid vectors pHFA and pHFA/SacII. Western blotting, ELISA and electron microscopy studies showed that recombinant clones could be manipulated to either synthesize soluble protein into the periplasm or present the protein on the surface of bacteriophage. Cosynthesis of GroEL and GroES chaperonins resulted in complete proteolysis of the scFvNC10-FLAG-gIIIp fusion product and did not improve total phage production. Coexpression of chaperonins should be used with caution for library construction due to the expected selection pressure for protease resistant gene III fusions.
Chemical synthesis and spontaneous folding of a multidomain protein: Anticoagulant microprotein S (2000)

Because of recent high-yield native ligation techniques, chemical synthesis of larger multidomain bioactive proteins is rapidly coming within reach. Here we describe the total chemical synthesis of a designed "microprotein S," comprising the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-rich module, the thrombin-sensitive module, and the first epidermal growth factor-like module of human plasma protein S (residues 1-116). Synthetic microprotein S expressed anticoagulant cofactor activity for activated protein C in the down-regulation of blood coagulation, and the anticoagulant activity of microprotein S was not neutralized by C4b-binding protein, a natural inhibitor of native protein S in plasma. The correct folding of this complex multidomain protein was enhanced compared with individual modules because the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-rich module and the thrombin-sensitive module markedly facilitated correct folding of the first epidermal growth factor-like module compared with folding of the first epidermal growth factor-like module alone. These results demonstrate that total chemical synthesis of proteins offers an effective way to generate multidomain biologically active proteins.
An Investigation of Generative Design for Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (2017)

Energy consumption in buildings contributes to 41% of global carbon dioxide emissions through electricity and heat production, making the design of mechanical systems in buildings of paramount importance. Industry practice for design of mechanical systems is currently limited in the conceptual design phase, often leading to sub-optimal designs. By using Generative Design (GD), many design options can be created, optimized and evaluated, based on system energy consumption and life-cycle cost (LCC). By combining GD for Architecture with GD for HVAC, two areas of building design can be analyzed and optimized simultaneously, resulting in novel designs with improved energy performance. This paper presents GD for HVAC, a Matlab script developed to create improved zone level mechanical systems for improved energy efficiency. Through experiments, GD methodologies are explored and their applicability and effect on building HVAC design is evaluated.
Formation of intramolecular triplex in homopurine-homopyrimidine mirror repeats with point substitutions (1990)

We have used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to study the structural transition to the triplex H form of sequences 5'-AAGGGAGAAXGGGGTATAGGGGYAAGAGGGAA-3' where X and Y are any DNA bases. The transition was observed at acid pH under superhelical stress. For X = Y = A or X = Y = G the sequences corresponded to homopurine-homopyrimidine mirror repeats (H-palindrome) which are known to adopt the H form under acid pH and superhelical stress. We have shown that the H form is actually formed for all X and Y, though in cases other than X = Y = A and X = Y = G the transition requires larger negative superhelical stress. Different substitutions require different superhelicity levels for the transition to occur. Theoretical analysis of the data obtained made it possible to estimate the energy cost of triplex formation due to all possible mismatched base triads.
Formation of Insoluble Oligomers Correlates with ST6Gal I Stable Localization in the Golgi (2000)

The ST6Gal I is a sialyltransferase that functions in the late Golgi to modify the N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. The ST6Gal I is expressed as two isoforms with a single amino acid difference in their catalytic domains. The STcys isoform is stably retained in the cell and is predominantly found in the Golgi, whereas the STtyr isoform is only transiently localized in the Golgi and is cleaved and secreted from a post-Golgi compartment. These two ST6Gal I isoforms were used to explore the role of the bilayer thickness mechanism and oligomerization in Golgi localization. Analysis of STcys and STtyr proteins with longer transmembrane regions suggested that the bilayer thickness mechanism is not the predominant mechanism used for ST6Gal I Golgi localization. In contrast, the formation and quantity of Triton X-100-insoluble oligomers was correlated with the stable or transient localization of the ST6Gal I isoforms in the Golgi. Nearly 100% of the STcys and only 13% of the STtyr were found as Triton-insoluble oligomers when Golgi membranes of COS-1 cells expressing these proteins were solubilized at pH 6.3, the pH of the late Golgi. In contrast, both proteins were found in the soluble fraction when these membranes were solubilized at pH 8.0. Analysis of other mutants suggested that a conformational change in the catalytic domain rather than increased disulfide bond-based cross-linking is the basis for the increased ability of STcys protein to form oligomers and the stable localization of STcys protein in the Golgi.
Managing Insecticide Resistance by Mass Release of Engineered Insects (2007)

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal toxins are now widely used to control insect pests. The benefits of this method would be lost if resistance to the toxins spread to a significant proportion of the pest population. The primary resistance management method, mandatory in the United States, is the high-dose/refuge strategy, requiring toxin-free crops as refuges near the insecticidal crops, and the use of toxin doses sufficiently high to kill insects heterozygous for a resistance allele, thereby rendering resistance functionally recessive. We propose that mass-release of harmless susceptible (toxin-sensitive) insects could substantially delay or even reverse the spread of resistance. Mass-release of such insects is an integral part of release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (RIDL), a method of pest control related to the sterile insect technique. We show by mathematical modeling that specific RIDL strategies could form an effective component of a resistance management strategy for plant-incorporated protectants and other toxins.
Epistemic Logic and the Foundations of Decision and Game Theory (2010)

This paper reviews a number of foundational results at the intersection of epistemic logic, decision and game theory. It first presents a decisiontheoretic underpinning of epistemic analysis in terms of modal operators. Then it moves to the theory of strategic interaction, and show how this kind of epistemic analysis sheds light on the assumptions underlying wellknown solution concepts, both for normal and extensive form games. Foundational work in decision and game theory aims at making explicit the assumptions that underlie the basic concepts in these disciplines. Decision theory and game theory are two sub-fields of micro-economics, concerned with the question of rational decision making by individual agents. Decision theory is the study of individual decision making under uncertainty, while game theory looks at situations of strategic interaction. Epistemic assumptions occupy a central place in the foundations of both decision theory and game theory. “Epistemic” is here understood in a broad sense, as encompassing a whole array of informational