gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative impact of AAV and enzyme replacement therapy on respiratory and cardiac function in adult Pompe mice (2015)

Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme responsible for degradation of lysosomal glycogen (acid α-glucosidase (GAA)). Cardiac dysfunction and respiratory muscle weakness are primary features of this disorder. To attenuate the progressive and rapid accumulation of glycogen resulting in cardiorespiratory dysfunction, adult Gaa (-/-) mice were administered a single systemic injection of rAAV2/9-DES-hGAA (AAV9-DES) or bimonthly injections of recombinant human GAA (enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)). Assessment of cardiac function and morphology was measured 1 and 3 months after initiation of treatment while whole-body plethysmography and diaphragmatic contractile function was evaluated at 3 months post-treatment in all groups. Gaa (-/-) animals receiving either AAV9-DES or ERT demonstrated a significant improvement in cardiac function and diaphragmatic contractile function as compared to control animals. AAV9-DES treatment resulted in a significant reduction in cardiac dimension (end diastolic left ventricular mass/gram wet weight; EDMc) at 3 months postinjection. Neither AAV nor ERT therapy altered minute ventilation during quiet breathing (eupnea). However, breathing frequency and expiratory time were significantly improved in AAV9-DES animals. These results indicate systemic delivery of either strategy improves cardiac function but AAV9-DES alone improves respiratory parameters at 3 months post-treatment in a murine model of Pompe disease.
Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (2012)

A web server providing a convenient way of identifying acquired antimicrobial resistance genes in completely sequenced isolates was created. ResFinder can be accessed at www.genomicepidemiology.org. ResFinder will continuously be updated as new resistance genes are identified.
The relationship between the federal funds rate and economic activity (1994)

Federal funds market (United States); Economic conditions - United States
Alu -mediated inactivation of the human CMP- N -acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase gene (2001)

Inactivation of the CMP- N -acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase gene has provided an example of human-specific genomic mutation that results in a widespread biochemical difference between human and nonhuman primates. We have found that, although a region containing a 92-bp exon and an Alu Sq element in the hydroxylase gene is intact in all nonhuman primates examined, the same region in the human genome is replaced by an Alu Y element that was disseminated at least one million years ago. We propose a mechanistic model for this Alu -mediated replacement event, which deleted the 92-bp exon and thus inactivated the human hydroxylase gene. It is suggested that Alu elements have played potentially important roles in genotypic and phenotypic evolution in the hominid lineage.
High Q, one-dimensional terahertz photonic waveguides (2007)

A one-dimensional (1D) photonic metal parallel plate waveguide is presented in the spectral range of 0.5–3THz that has high throughput and stop bands with up to the experimental limit of 40dB of dynamic range. By incorporating a defect into the periodic bottom plate of the waveguide, a transmission resonance is generated in the first stop band with a Q value of 120 and a dynamic range of over 17dB. The 1D geometry allows the utilization of the mode matching technique to analytically calculate the transmission of the photonic waveguide.
Effect of glucan on granulopoiesis and macrophage genesis in mice. (1977)

Glucan, a potent reticuloendothelial stimulant, is a glucopyranose polysaccharide derived from zymosan. Because of glucan's potential as an immunotherapeutic agent, we performed studies in order to determine its effect on granulopoiesis and macrophage production in mice. One week after the i.p. injection of 4 mg of glucan, there was a tenfold increase in colony-forming cells in the spleen and approximately a twofold increment of cells in the bone marrow and the peritoneal cavity capable of colony formation in vitro. There was a relative and absolute increase in the number of pure macrophage colonies from bone marrow and spleen. The total macrophage content in spleen, peritoneal cavity, and bone marrow as also increased in the treated mice. Serum from glucan-injected mice had high colony-stimulating activity levels, and the peritoneal macrophages elaborated increased colony-stimulating activity in vitro as compared to controls. Peripheral white blood cell counts were two times greater than those of control in the glucan-treated mice. These studies indicate that glucan administration results in increased granulocyte and macrophage production. The enhanced leukopoiesis is probably mediated in part by augmented release of colony-stimulating activity from macrophages. These observations suggest that the use of glucan as an immunotherapeutic agent can result in an increased number of available effector cells.
Magnetic responsive polymer composite materials (2013)

Magnetic responsive materials are the topic of intense research due to their potential breakthrough applications in the biomedical, coatings, microfluidics and microelectronics fields. By merging magnetic and polymer materials one can obtain composites with exceptional magnetic responsive features. Magnetic actuation provides unique capabilities as it can be spatially and temporally controlled, and can additionally be operated externally to the system, providing a non-invasive approach to remote control. We identified three classes of magnetic responsive composite materials, according to their activation mode and intended applications, which can be defined by the following aspects. (A) Their ability to be deformed (stretching, bending, rotation) upon exposure to a magnetic field. (B) The possibility of remotely dragging them to a targeted area, called magnetic guidance, which is particularly interesting for biomedical applications, including cell and biomolecule guidance and separation. (C) The opportunity to use magnetic induction for thermoresponsive polymer materials actuation, which has shown promising results for controlled drug release and shape memory devices. For each category, essential design parameters that allow fine-tuning of the properties of these magnetic responsive composites are presented using key examples.
Correlation between apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and levels of insulin-like growth factor I receptors. (1995)

We have investigated whether there is a quantitative relationship between the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR), the extent of apoptosis in vivo, and tumorigenesis. C6 rat glioblastoma cells were treated with increasing concentrations of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the IGF-IR RNA. The extent of apoptosis in vivo is correlated to the decrease in IGF-IR levels and, in turn, tumorigenesis in nude mice is correlated to the fraction of surviving cells. In syngeneic rats, a host response leads to complete inhibition of tumorigenesis. These findings establish, for the first time on a quantitative basis, the relationship between IGF-IR levels and the extent of apoptosis, as well as the relationship between the initial apoptotic event and the time of appearance of transplantable tumors.
The new age electronic patient record system (2002)

Health care management costs rise yearly, especially in the areas of personnel and the expenses of generating and maintaining the patients' records. A substantial informational burden is incurred with each patient visit to a health professional, and patients' needs are often lost in the shuffle of medical records, insurance information, and red tape. However during the last few years significant progress has been made in the development of clinically useful medical decision support system to assist the health care provider. Earlier efforts to implement computer-based patient records mainly used keyboard entry, but with the latest technology, voice activated clinical reporting systems could be a central component of such a computer-based system in the future. Several groups are in the process of developing portable data management device. This will allow the clinicians to have on-line readily transferable patient records, decision making support and searching of remote databases to better analyze complex health care delivery problems. When the medical transcriptions are forwarded to an off-site location, this unique device will reduce the time and the cost of re-recording and transmission. This device will help the user to maintain and update the data remotely and instantly. It will also provide immediate information updates and database manipulations for all aspects of medical data management, provide portable multiple and simultaneous access to complete database information. These will significantly reduce paperwork and personnel costs.
Functional size measurements of the ubiquinol oxidase activity of the cytochrome o terminal oxidase complex of Escherichia coli (1991)

The functional molecular mass for ubiquinol-1 oxidation by the Escherichia coli terminal oxidase, cytochrome o, was determined by radiation-inactivation analysis of membranes from a cytochrome d-deficient mutant. The functional molecular mass for ubiquinol-l oxidase activity was found to be 38.3 +/- 2.65 kDa.
Phage antibodies against an unstable hapten: Oxygen sensitive reduced flavin (1996)

It is difficult to raise antibodies against haptens and antigens that are unstable under the physiological conditions of the serum. Here we have used a phage antibody library to isolate antibody fragments against oxygen sensitive reduced flavin, by selection of the phage under anaerobic and reducing conditions at pH 5 and a pre-elution step with the oxidized flavin. The binding of the reduced hapten to one of the antibody fragments was characterised by time-resolved polarised fluorescence, and shown to be highly specific for the reduced flavin.
Topological data analysis for discovery in preclinical spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury (2015)

Data-driven discovery in complex neurological disorders has potential to extract meaningful syndromic knowledge from large, heterogeneous data sets to enhance potential for precision medicine. Here we describe the application of topological data analysis (TDA) for data-driven discovery in preclinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) data sets mined from the Visualized Syndromic Information and Outcomes for Neurotrauma-SCI (VISION-SCI) repository. Through direct visualization of inter-related histopathological, functional and health outcomes, TDA detected novel patterns across the syndromic network, uncovering interactions between SCI and co-occurring TBI, as well as detrimental drug effects in unpublished multicentre preclinical drug trial data in SCI. TDA also revealed that perioperative hypertension predicted long-term recovery better than any tested drug after thoracic SCI in rats. TDA-based data-driven discovery has great potential application for decision-support for basic research and clinical problems such as outcome assessment, neurocritical care, treatment planning and rapid, precision-diagnosis.
Investigation of material and device properties of GaAsSbN for multi-junction solar cell applications (2016)

Multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) have achieved the highest solar power conversion efficiency to date of any type of solar cell and still have considerable potential for improvement compared to their theoretical efficiency. The bandgap combination of sub-cells is an extremely important factor in cell efficiency, with new materials with particular bandgaps necessary to increase efficiency further. Possible improved multi-junction solar cell designs require sub-cells with bandgaps between 1.2 and 0.8 eV. The dilute nitride alloy GaAsSbN can provide adjustable bandgaps in this region while remaining lattice-matched to common Ge and GaAs substrates. This thesis presents measurements and analysis of GaAsSbN 1 eV material and devices. Firstly, simulations of overall MJSC designs for concentrator photovoltaic applications are presented, including the importance of bandgap tunability in the 1 eV region. The material and device properties of 1 eV GaAsSbN subcells are studied experimentally and their performance compared to that necessary for inclusion in MJSCs. Electroreflectance spectroscopy and a model dielectric function are used to examine the absorption properties of GaAsSbN. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy is used to examine carrier recombination times and mechanisms, finding a typical recombination lifetime of 400 ps. Solar cell devices are electrically and optically characterised using current-voltage, capacitance-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements. The devices are modeled in order to investigate transport, finding a 30 nm hole diffusion length and 500 nm electron diffusion length. Improved sub-cell designs are proposed. Practical limits to the performance of GaAsSbN sub-cells are discussed.
Antiproliferative and antibiofilm potentials of endolichenic fungi associated with the lichenNephroma laevigatum (2018)

This study highlights the therapeutic potential of endolichenic fungi metabolites as sources for drug discovery programmes.
Proteome and Differential Expression Analysis of Membrane and Cytosolic Proteins from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Strains K-10 and 187 (2006)

Little is known of protein expression in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and how this contributes to pathogenesis. In the present study, proteins from both membranes and cytosol were prepared from two strains of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, i.e., laboratory-adapted strain K-10 and a recent isolate, strain 187, obtained from a cow exhibiting clinical signs of Johne's disease. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cytosol and membrane proteins from K-10 and 187 showed marked differences in protein expression. Relative levels of protein expression from both M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains were measured by using amine-reactive isobaric tagging reagents (iTRAQ) and tandem mass spectroscopy. Protein identification and relative expression data were obtained for 874 membrane and cytosolic proteins from the M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteome. These data showed a number of significant differences in protein expression between strain K-10 and clinical isolate 187. Examples of proteins expressed at higher levels in clinical isolate 187 compared to strain K-10 are AtpC, RpoA, and several proteins involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. In contrast, proteins such as AhpC and several proteins involved in nitrogen metabolism were expressed at higher levels in strain K-10 compared to strain 187. These data may provide insights into the proteins whose expression is important in natural infection but are modified once M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is adapted to laboratory cultivation. Results from these studies will provide tools for developing a better understanding of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in the host and offer potential as diagnostic reagents and vaccine candidates.
Isolation of a gene sequence induced later by tumor-promoting 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) and expressed constitutively in ras-transformed cells. (1990)

Growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce various types of "early response" genes, most of which encode transcription factors. To identify possible target genes for these early response gene products, we isolated complementary DNA clones of genes that were induced later by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. A complementary DNA library was constructed using mRNA from mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate for 4 h, and the library was screened by differential hybridization. Five independent clones were isolated. All of these genes were induced maximally 4 to 8 h after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate addition. Sequencing showed that three of them (OTS-1, -3, and -4) were those of the metallothionein II gene, and one (OTS-5) was identical to the osteopontin/2ar gene. The other (OTS-8) had no significant homology with known sequences and was considered to be a novel gene. The induction of OTS-5 and OTS-8 was decreased in the presence of cycloheximide. In mice, OTS-8 mRNA was detected in the lungs but not at appreciable levels in other organs. Open reading frame of OTS-8 complementary DNA and its in vitro transcription/translation product suggested that this gene encodes an Mr 26,000 protein. OTS-8 mRNA was induced by epidermal growth factor but not by serum. The steady-state levels of OTS-5 and OTS-8 mRNAs were significantly elevated in v-ras-transformed MC3T3 cells.
Complete Reverse Regioselection in Wacker Oxidation of Acetonides and Cyclic Carbonates of Allylic Diols (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplete Reverse Regioselection in Wacker Oxidation of Acetonides and Cyclic Carbonates of Allylic DiolsSuk-Ku Kang, Kyung-Yun Jung, Jea-Uk Chung, Eun-Young Namkoong, and Tae-Hyun KimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 15, 4678–4679Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00120a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00120a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1471Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Atopic Dermatitis: Natural History, Diagnosis, and Treatment (2014)

Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease with early onset and with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 20%. The aetiology of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but the recent discovery of filaggrin mutations holds promise that the progression of atopic dermatitis to asthma in later childhood may be halted. Atopic dermatitis is not always easily manageable and every physician should be familiar with the fundamental aspects of treatment. This paper gives an overview of the natural history, clinical features, and treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase produced by a Clostridium difficile strain (1988)

By screening possible ADP-ribosyltransferase activities in culture supernatants from various Clostridium species, we have found one Clostridium difficile strain (CD196) (isolated in our laboratory) that is able to produce, in addition to toxins A and B, a new ADP-ribosyltransferase that was shown to covalently modify cell actin as Clostridium botulinum C2 or Clostridium perfringens E iota toxins do. The molecular weight of the CD196 ADP-ribosyltransferase (CDT) was determined to be 43 kilodaltons, and its isoelectric point was 7.8. No cytotoxic activity on Vero cells or lethal activity upon injection in mice was associated with this enzyme. CDT was neither related to C. difficile A or B toxins nor to C. botulinum C2 toxin component I. However, Vero cells cultivated in the presence of C. difficile B toxin had a lower amount of actin able to be ADP-ribosylated by CDT or C2 toxin in vitro. Antibodies raised against CDT reacted by immunoblot analysis with a 43-kilodalton protein of C. perfringens type E culture supernatant producing the iota toxin.
In Vitro Antioxidative Effects and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Seven Hydroxycinnamoyl Derivatives in Green Coffee Beans (2004)

Seven kinds of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives identified as 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), 4-caffeolyquinic acid (4-CQA), 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), 5-feruloylquinic acid (5-FQA), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-diCQA), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), and 4,5-dicaffoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA) by MS, 1H NMR, and HPLC analyses were isolated from low-quality (immature) and commercial quality green coffee beans. The quantity of chlorogenic acid isomers (10.4 g/100 g), especially 5-CQA, in commercial green coffee beans [West Indische Bereiding (West India processing beans from Sumatra Island, Indonesia, WIB)] was higher than that in low-quality beans [9.1 g/100 g, Eerste Kwaliteit (Export low-quality beans from Java Island, Indonesia, EK-1, grade 4)], whereas little difference in diCQAs was detected between the two kinds of beans. The free radical scavenging activity of these isolates was evaluated in assay systems using DPPH free radicals and superoxide anion radicals generated by xanthine-XOD. The diCQAs showed strong (1.0-1.8-fold) free radical scavenging activity compared to commonly used antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid. The potency order of superoxide anion radical scavenging activity was diCQAs > caffeic acid, CQAs > 5-FQA. The activities of the diCQAs were twice as effective as those of CQAs and 4 times as effective as that of 5-FQA. The diCQAs also exhibited more potent (2.0-2.2-fold) tyrosinase inhibitory activities compared to CQAs, arbutin, and ascorbic acid. The isolates exhibited antiproliferation activities in four cancer cell lines, U937, KB, MCF7, and WI38-VA. Among these, KB cells were most sensitive (IC50 = 0.10-0.56 mM).
Molecular Mechanism and Role of Endothelial Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Induction by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2003)

Objective— We investigated the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–induced angiogenesis and vascular permeability and the underlying molecular mechanism of VEGF-induced endothelial MCP-1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Methods and Results— We used an anti–MCP-1 neutralizing antibody for specific inhibition of MCP-1. VEGF increased tubule formation in the angiogenesis assay and vascular permeability in the Miles assay, and these effects were markedly inhibited by anti–MCP-1 antibody. Using a luciferase MCP-1 promoter-gene assay, we found that the activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding site of the MCP-1 promoter region contributes to the increase in MCP-1 promoter activity by VEGF. To specifically inhibit AP-1, we used recombinant adenovirus containing a dominant-negative c-Jun (Ad-DN-c-Jun). Ad-DN-c-Jun inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial MCP-1 mRNA expression and promoter activity in vitro. In vivo gene transfer of DN-c-Jun into rat carotid artery, with the hemagglutinating virus of the Japan liposome method, significantly blocked VEGF-induced MCP-1 and macrophage/monocyte (ED1) expression in endothelium. Conclusions— These results reveal that endothelial MCP-1 induced by VEGF seems to participate in angiogenesis, vascular leakage, or arteriosclerosis. AP-1 plays a critical role in the molecular mechanism underlying induction of MCP-1 by VEGF.