gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production and fluorescence-activated cell sorting of Escherichia coli expressing a functional antibody fragment on the external surface. (1993)

We have expressed a single chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment, consisting of the variable heavy and variable light domains from two separate anti-digoxin monoclonal antibodies, on the external surface of Escherichia coli by fusing it to an Lpp-OmpA hybrid previously shown to direct heterologous proteins to the cell surface. This scFv fusion was expressed at a high level and was shown to bind the hapten with high affinity and specificity. Whole cell ELISAs, fluorescence microscopy, protease sensitivity, and flow cytometry all confirmed that the scFv was anchored on the outer membrane and was accessible on the surface. Utilizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we were able to specifically enrich scFv-producing cells from a 10(5)-fold excess of control cells in only two steps. The expression of antibody fragments on the surface of E. coli is being evaluated as an attractive method for the in vitro production and selection of useful antibody fragments.
In vivo treatment of (NZB X NZW)F1 lupus-like nephritis with monoclonal antibody to gamma interferon. (1987)

The (NZB X NZW)F1 mouse is recognized as an important animal model of the human disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Groups of NZB/W F1 mice were treated either with IFN-gamma or with PBS. The results demonstrate that IFN-treated animals have accelerated development of fatal immune complex glomerulonephritis relative to age-matched controls. On the other hand, administration of mAbs specific for IFN-gamma to such mice from 4 to 7 mo of age resulted in significant remission. Development of both proteinuria and anti-DNA antibodies were delayed and survival at 11 mo was increased from less than 20% to 95% in treated mice relative to controls (p less than or equal to 0.001). These findings may have therapeutic implications for the treatment of SLE.
Murine protein tyrosine phosphatase-PEST, a stable cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphatase (1995)

We have isolated the murine cDNA homologue of the human protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-PEST (MPTP-PEST) from an 18.5-day mouse embryonic kidney library. The cDNA isolated has a single open reading frame predicting a protein of 775 amino acids. When expressed in vitro as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein, the catalytic domain (residues 1-453) shows intrinsic phosphatase activity. Reverse transcriptase PCR and Northern-blot analysis show that MPTP-PEST mRNA is expressed throughout murine development. Indirect immunofluorescence in COS-1 cells against a heterologous epitope tag attached to the N-terminus of MPTP-PEST, together with cellular fractionation and Western-blot experiments from different murine cell lines, indicate that MPTP-PEST is a free cytosolic protein of 112 kDa. Finally, sequence analysis indicates that the C-terminal portion of the protein contains four regions rich in proline, glutamate, serine and threonine, otherwise known as PEST sequences. These are characteristic of proteins that display very short intracellular half-lives. Despite the presence of these motifs, pulse-chase labelling experiments demonstrate that MPTP-PEST has a half-life of more than 4 h.
Ultrahigh-Density Nanowire Lattices and Circuits (2003)

We describe a general method for producing ultrahigh-density arrays of aligned metal and semiconductor nanowires and nanowire circuits. The technique is based on translating thin film growth thickness control into planar wire arrays. Nanowires were fabricated with diameters and pitches (center-to-center distances) as small as 8 nanometers and 16 nanometers, respectively. The nanowires have high aspect ratios (up to 10(6)), and the process can be carried out multiple times to produce simple circuits of crossed nanowires with a nanowire junction density in excess of 10(11) per square centimeter. The nanowires can also be used in nanomechanical devices; a high-frequency nanomechanical resonator is demonstrated.
A rapid method for the construction of synthetic genes using the polymerase chain reaction. (1990)

Dans cet article, les auteurs decrivent un protocole de PCR en 2 etapes, utilisant la taq polymerase thermostable, pour creer un gene synthetique pour la proteine Rev de HIV2
Identification of a Testicular Odorant Receptor Mediating Human Sperm Chemotaxis (2003)

Although it has been known for some time that olfactory receptors (ORs) reside in spermatozoa, the function of these ORs is unknown. Here, we identified, cloned, and functionally expressed a previously undescribed human testicular OR, hOR17-4. With the use of ratiofluorometric imaging, Ca2+ signals were induced by a small subset of applied chemical stimuli, establishing the molecular receptive fields for the recombinantly expressed receptor in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and the native receptor in human spermatozoa. Bourgeonal was a powerful agonist for both recombinant and native receptor types, as well as a strong chemoattractant in subsequent behavioral bioassays. In contrast, undecanal was a potent OR antagonist to bourgeonal and related compounds. Taken together, these results indicate that hOR17-4 functions in human sperm chemotaxis and may be a critical component of the fertilization process.
Editor's note (2013)

Peanut Science is an online peer-reviewed journal that depends on the generosity of the many expert volunteers, from academia and industry who contribute their time and knowledge in the evaluation of the diverse topics covered within the journal. Our associate editors and reviewers are remarkable individuals who make this journal possible. We wish to publicly acknowledge their service that makes publication possible, thank you for your time and efforts.Sincerely,Timothy GreyEditor, Peanut Science
Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Secrete Laminin 5, Express Hemidesmosomal Proteins, and Assemble Hemidesmosomes (2000)

Epithelial cells attach to the basement membrane through adhesive contacts between the basal cells of the epithelium and the proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The hemidesmosome (HD) is a specialized cell-ECM contact, that mediates the attachment of the epithelial cell basal surface to the ECM. In bronchial epithelial cells, the protein components that constitute the HD have not been demonstrated. Using immunohistochemical techniques, we determined that normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells express the HD cell surface integrin alpha6beta4 and produce laminin 5, the ECM protein associated with HDs. Furthermore, expression of the HD-associated structural proteins, bullous pemphigoid antigens 1 (BPAG 1) and 2 (BPAG 2), was demonstrated in NHBE cells by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analyses. In addition, we confirmed the presence of laminin 5 in the basement membrane (BM) of bronchial epithelial biopsy specimens and of BP230, BP180, and the alpha6beta4 integrin heterodimer at the site of bronchial epithelial cell-ECM interaction in vivo. Finally, using electron microscopy, we were able to demonstrate intact HDs in a glutaraldehyde-fixed NHBE cell monolayer. These findings suggest that bronchial epithelium forms HDs and that the laminin 5-alpha6beta4 integrin interaction may be important in stabilizing epithelial cell adhesion to the BM in the lung.
Convergent functional groups: synthetic and structural studies (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvergent functional groups: synthetic and structural studiesJulius Rebek Jr., Luann Marshall, Raymond Wolak, Kevin Parris, Mary Killoran, Ben Askew, David Nemeth, and N. IslamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 25, 7476–7481Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00311a042RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views881Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (773 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biomedical and potential clinical applications for pulsed lasers operating near 6.45 um (1995)

Glenn Edwards Vanderbilt University Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37235 E-mail: edwardgl @ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu The Vanderbilt FEL Center,9 similar to other FEL facilities, supports a multimillion-dollar laser housed in a dedicated facility requiring expert technical support. The operating parameters of the Vanderbilt FEL are summarized in Table 1. Efforts are under way to develop compact FELs for medical applications.'0 In addition, optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) have lased within the desired wavelength range, but with significantly different pulse structure.' Nonetheless, OPOs represent a promising alternative.
Quantification and Integrity Analysis of DNA in the Stool of Colorectal Cancer Patients May Represent a Complex Alternative to Fecal Occult Blood Testing (2003)

I read with interest the reports by Klaassen et al. (1) and Boynton et al.(2) published in the July issue of Clinical Chemistry . The first study demonstrated increased amounts of human DNA in the feces of patients with colorectal tumors compared with healthy persons (1), and the second study showed that the majority of DNA isolated from the stools of patients with colorectal tumors was of high molecular weight, in contrast to the fragmented …
Bimodal distribution of RNA expression levels in human skeletal muscle tissue (2011)

We conclude that the prevalence of bimodal gene expression is quite rare in healthy muscle tissue (<0.2%), and is much lower than limited reports from other studies. The major cause of these clearly bimodal expression patterns in homogeneous tissue appears to be cis-polymorphisms, indicating that such bimodal genes are, for the most part, eQTL. The high frequency of disease associations reported with these genes gives hope that this unique feature may identify or actually be an underlying factor responsible for disease development.
Tumor Imaging with Radioactive Metal Chelates Conjugated to Monoclonal Antibodies (1982)

High-resolution gamma camera images of mouse erythroid tumors were obtained by use of leukemia cell-specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with bifunctional radioactive metal chelates. Small tumors (200 to 300 milligrams) were visible without subtraction or enhancement 1 to 5 hours after injection of antibody. Chelate-derivitized monoclonal antibodies permit targeting of a broad spectrum of radioisotopes, including those that are optimum for agamma for gamma camera imaging or positron tomography, as well as those that are tumoricidal.
Profiling the repertoire of TCRB usage in induced and natural Treg cells (62.5) (2011)

Abstract In our recent research, we have found that a subset of all possible T cell receptor beta (TCRB) rearrangements is produced more frequently than expected in unrelated individuals. This subset appears to be defined by rearrangements that are near to germline, with relatively few non-templated nucleotides inserted at the V-D and D-J junctions within complementarity determining region 3. The degree of overlap between TCRB repertoire between individuals does not appear to be dramatically HLA context-dependent. Other groups have described several subsets of regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg), including both thymus-derived natural Tregs (nTregs) and peripherally induced Tregs (iTregs). While both subtypes express the FOXP3 transcription factor that defines them as regulatory T cells, it has been asserted that the expression of a second transcription factor (Helios) can differentiate nTregs (Helios+) from induced Tregs (Helios-). We hypothesize that the nTreg population is likely to be enriched for near-germline TCRB rearrangments, as recurrently produced TCRB that predispose to the nTreg fate are likely to be shared between individuals. We will compare and contrast the TCRB repertoire in three cellular populations within several individuals: CD4+ FoxP3- Helios-, CD4+ FoxP3+ Helios-, and CD4+ FoxP3+ Helios+.
Access control models and office structures (1984)

Three experiments with rats used conditioned suppression of barpress to test predictions of the extended comparator hypothesis, which assumes that the effectiveness of (first-order) comparator stimuli in modulating responding to a target conditioned stimulus (CS) is itself modulated by other (second-order) comparator stimuli. Experiment 1 demonstrated that both pretraining exposure to the target CS alone (i.e., CS-preexposure effect, also known as latent inhibition) and pretraining exposure to a compound of the target CS and nontarget CS (i.e., compound-CS-preexposure effect) counteract overshadowing, and that posttraining deflation (i.e., extinction) of the overshadowing stimulus attenuates responding to the target CS when overshadowing is preceded by a CS-preexposure treatment (i.e., yields a CS-preexposure effect), but not when overshadowing is preceded by a compound-CS-preexposure treatment. Experiment 2 examined the consequences of posttraining associative inflation of the overshadowing stimulus or the preexposure companion stimulus following conjoint compound-CS-preexposure and overshadowing treatment. Experiment 3 examined the consequences of posttraining inflation of the overshadowing stimulus or the context following conjoint CS-alone preexposure and overshadowing treatment. The results support the expression-focused comparator view in contrast to recent acquisition-focused models of retrospective reevaluation.
Highly Effective Gene Transfection In Vivo by Alkylated Polyethylenimine (2011)

We mechanistically explored the effect of increased hydrophobicity of the polycation on the efficacy and specificity of gene delivery in mice. N-Alkylated linear PEIs with varying alkyl chain lengths and extent of substitution were synthesized and characterized by biophysical methods. Their in vivo transfection efficiency, specificity, and biodistribution were investigated. N-Ethylation improves the in vivo efficacy of gene expression in the mouse lung 26-fold relative to the parent polycation and more than quadruples the ratio of expression in the lung to that in all other organs. N-Propyl-PEI was the best performer in the liver and heart (581- and 3.5-fold enhancements, resp.) while N-octyl-PEI improved expression in the kidneys over the parent polymer 221-fold. As these enhancements in gene expression occur without changing the plasmid biodistribution, alkylation does not alter the cellular uptake but rather enhances transfection subsequent to cellular uptake.
Comprehensive detection of human terminal oligo-pyrimidine (TOP) genes and analysis of their characteristics (2008)

Although the knowledge accumulated on the transcriptional regulations of eukaryotes is significant, the knowledge on their translational regulations remains limited. Thus, we performed a comprehensive detection of terminal oligo-pyrimidine (TOP), which is one of the well-characterized cis-regulatory motifs for translational controls located immediately downstream of the transcriptional start sites of mRNAs. Utilizing our precise 5'-end information of the full-length cDNAs, we could screen 1645 candidate TOP genes by position specific matrix search. Among them, not only 75 out of 78 ribosomal protein genes but also eight previously identified non-ribosomal-protein TOP genes were included. We further experimentally validated the translational activities of 83 TOP candidate genes. Clear translational regulations exerted on the stimulation of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-1-phorbol-13-acetate for at least 41 of them was observed, indicating that there should be a few hundreds of human genes which are subjected to regulation at translation levels via TOPs. Our result suggests that TOP genes code not only formerly characterized ribosomal proteins and translation-related proteins but also a wider variety of proteins, such as lysosome-related proteins and metabolism-related proteins, playing pivotal roles in gene expression controls in the majority of cellular mRNAs.
Concepts of the Chemical Structure of Lipid A (1984)

Lipid A represents the covalently bound lipid component of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the endotoxins and O antigens of gram-negative bacteria. Lipid A's of endotoxically active LPS consist of a beta(1'----6)-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide that carries phosphoryl groups in positions 1 and 4'. Depending on the origin of lipid A, nonacylated, nitrogen-containing residues may be bound to these phosphoryl groups. As shown in enterobacterial lipid A's, available hydroxyl groups of the D-glucosamine disaccharide are substituted by 3-deoxy-D-mannooctulosonic acid (position 6'), (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (position 3), and (R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic acid (position 3'). The hydroxyl group at C-4 appears to be free. The amino groups of the disaccharide carry (R)-3-(acyloxy)acyl [and (R)-3-hydroxyacyl] residues in a specific distribution. On the basis of these data, a proposal for a general structure of lipid A is made. As a specific example of this general architecture, the chemical structure of lipid A of Salmonella minnesota LPS is presented.
Foot orthoses and physiotherapy in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomised clinical trial (2008)

Australian Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN012605000463673ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00118521.
Primary chemotherapy in operable breast cancer: eight-year experience at the Milan Cancer Institute. (1998)

Current findings indicate that primary chemotherapy can be safely administered in women with large tumors (>5.0 cm) and can allow breast-sparing surgery in a high fraction of patients (62%). However, to assess effectively the worthiness of this approach on long-term results, properlyconceived large randomized studies with newer and more effective drug regimens are warranted.
Ischaemic heart disease, Type 1 diabetes, and cow milk A1 beta-casein. (2003)

Cow A1 beta-casein per capita supply in milk and cream (A1/capita) was significantly and positively correlated with IHD in 20 affluent countries five years later over a 20-year period--providing an alternative hypothesis to explain the high IHD mortality rates in northern compared to southern Europe. For DM-1, this study confirms Elliott's 1999 correlation on 10 countries for A1/capita,1 but not for B beta-casein/capita. Surveys of A1 beta-casein consumption in two-year-old Nordic children, and some casein animal feeding experiments, confirm the A1/capita and milk protein/capita correlations. They raise the possibility that intensive dairy cattle breeding may have emphasised a genetic variant in milk with adverse effects in humans. Further animal research and clinical trials would be needed to compare disease risks of A1-free versus 'ordinary' milk.
Water Demand Forecast and Management Modeling: An Application to Kathmandu Valley, Nepal (2003)

A user-friendly water demand forecast and management model for three sectors-domestic, industrial and irrigation sector is developed. The domestic and industrial water demand sub-models are based on the multivariate econometric approach. The sub-models apply statistical analysis and tests to avoid the effect of multi-collinearity and to identify explanatory variables. The goodness of the model is assessed using the coefficient of determination and standard error criteria. The agricultural water demand sub-model is based on the deterministic approach. The irrigation demand per unit area is calculated based on the type of crop and meteorological factors. The sub-model can analyze the effect of some of the demand management measures such as shifting the planting date, partial wetting and mulching on the water demand. The developed model is applied to analyze the domestic water demand in Kathmandu valley. The number of connection, water pricing, public education level, and rainfall are found to be significant variables of water demand.
Potent and Selective Inhibition of Polycythemia by the Quinoxaline JAK2 Inhibitor NVP-BSK805 (2010)

The recent discovery of an acquired activating point mutation in JAK2, substituting valine at amino acid position 617 for phenylalanine, has greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Strikingly, the JAK2(V617F) mutation is found in nearly all patients suffering from polycythemia vera and in roughly every second patient suffering from essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. Thus, JAK2 represents a promising target for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms and considerable efforts are ongoing to discover and develop inhibitors of the kinase. Here, we report potent inhibition of JAK2(V617F) and JAK2 wild-type enzymes by a novel substituted quinoxaline, NVP-BSK805, which acts in an ATP-competitive manner. Within the JAK family, NVP-BSK805 displays more than 20-fold selectivity towards JAK2 in vitro, as well as excellent selectivity in broader kinase profiling. The compound blunts constitutive STAT5 phosphorylation in JAK2(V617F)-bearing cells, with concomitant suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. In vivo, NVP-BSK805 exhibited good oral bioavailability and a long half-life. The inhibitor was efficacious in suppressing leukemic cell spreading and splenomegaly in a Ba/F3 JAK2(V617F) cell-driven mouse mechanistic model. Furthermore, NVP-BSK805 potently suppressed recombinant human erythropoietin-induced polycythemia and extramedullary erythropoiesis in mice and rats.
Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bone morphogenetic proteins in the non-healing of fractures and spinal fusion: a systematic review (2007)

Additional BMP treatment plus conventional intervention is more effective than conventional intervention alone for union of acute open tibial fractures. The cost-effectiveness of additional BMP may be improved if the price of BMP is reduced or if BMP is mainly used in severe cases. BMP may eliminate the need for autogenous bone grafting so that costs and complications related to harvesting autograft can be avoided. In non-unions, there is no evidence that BMP is more or less effective than bone graft; however, it is currently used when bone graft and other treatments have failed. The use of BMP-2 in spinal fusion surgery seems to be more effective than autogenous bone graft in terms of radiographic spinal fusion among patients with single-level degenerative disc disease. There is a lack of evidence about the effectiveness of BMP for other spinal disorders including spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis. There was limited evidence showing that BMP is associated with greater improvement in clinical outcomes. According to the results of economic evaluation, the use of BMP for spinal fusion is unlikely to be cost-effective. The following areas would benefit from further research: clinical trials of BMP that include formal economic evaluation, a multicentre RCT of fracture non-union and of interbody and/or posterolateral spinal fusion, trials of non-tibial acute long bone fractures, and RCTs comparing BMP-2, BMP-7 and controls.