gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In the Public Interest: An Argument Calling for an Amendment to the Federal Communications Act Requiring More Public Service Announcements in the Broadcast Media, 6 Computer L.J. 223 (1985) (1985)

A Public Service Announcement is a non-billable broadcast message which informs viewers or listeners about a service, program, or activity of community interest.Public Service Announcements (hereinafter "PSAs") are usually produced by charities and public service groups.The producer of a PSA distributes the message to radio and television stations in the hope that they will broadcast the message free of charge.Virtually every radio and television station in America airs some of the PSAs it receives-not out of generosity, but because of obligations under Federal Communications Commission (hereinafter "Commission" or "FCC") regulations.The Commission requires all broadcasters to air a minimum amount of "community service" or "informative" programming.'This obligation is often at least partially fulfilled by airing PSAs.The community service requirement stems from the two-pronged theory that (1) it is a good idea to use the broadcast media to inform the public about non-profit services and organizations, and (2) the requirement is necessary because the majority of broadcasters would not voluntarily air PSAs free of charge.This second assumption is based on the probability that, all other things being equal, a station would rather air a sixty-second paid advertisement than a sixty-second free-of-charge PSA. 2 1. See Pub.Serv.Announcements, 81 F.C.C.2d 346 (1980).2. Like commercial advertisements, PSAs provide the audience with a brief message; they can be characterized as a sort of "idea advertisement.
Tissue-Specific Expression of Head-to-Tail Cyclized Miniproteins in Violaceae and Structure Determination of the Root CyclotideViola hederacearoot cyclotide1[W] (2004)

The plant cyclotides are a family of 28 to 37 amino acid miniproteins characterized by their head-to-tail cyclized peptide backbone and six absolutely conserved Cys residues arranged in a cystine knot motif: two disulfide bonds and the connecting backbone segments form a loop that is penetrated by the third disulfide bond. This knotted disulfide arrangement, together with the cyclic peptide backbone, renders the cyclotides extremely stable against enzymatic digest as well as thermal degradation, making them interesting targets for both pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications. We have examined the expression patterns of these fascinating peptides in various Viola species (Violaceae). All tissue types examined contained complex mixtures of cyclotides, with individual profiles differing significantly. We provide evidence for at least 57 novel cyclotides present in a single Viola species (Viola hederacea). Furthermore, we have isolated one cyclotide expressed only in underground parts of V. hederacea and characterized its primary and three-dimensional structure. We propose that cyclotides constitute a new family of plant defense peptides, which might constitute an even larger and, in their biological function, more diverse family than the well-known plant defensins.
Versatile Apoferritin Nanoparticle Labels for Assay of Protein (2006)

A versatile bioassay label based on marker-loaded apoferritin nanoparticles (MLANs) has been developed for sensitive protein detection. Dissociation and reconstitution characteristics at different pH as well as the special cavity structure of apoferritin provides a facile route to prepare nanoparticle labels and avoid the complicated and tedious synthesis process of conventional nanoparticle labels. The optical and electrochemical characteristics of the prepared nanoparticle labels are easily controlled by loading different optical or electrochemical markers. A fluorescence marker (fluorescein anion) and a redox marker [hexacyanoferrate(III)] were used as model markers to load into the cavity of apoferritin nanoparticles for microscopic fluorescence immunoassay and electrochemical immunoassay, respectively. Detection limits of 0.06 (0.39 pM) and 0.08 ng mL(-1) (0.52 pM) IgG were obtained with fluorescein MLAN and hexacyanoferrate MLANs, respectively. The new nanoparticle labels hold great promise for multiplex protein detection (in connection with nanoparticles loaded with different markers) and for enhancing the sensitivity of other bioassays.
Dramatic Rate Enhancement with Preservation of Stereospecificity in the First Metal-Catalyzed Additions of Allylboronates (2002)

This communication successfully challenges the perception that the additions of allylbonates to aldehydes cannot be catalyzed effectively by added Lewis acids. Using a novel class of isomerically pure, tetrasubstituted 2-alkoxycarbonyl allylboronates (1), we describe that some metals (for example, Sc(OTf)(3) and Cu(OTf)(2)) allow these reagents to add onto aldehydes to yield gamma-lactone products 2 in good yields at temperatures almost 100 degrees C lower than the corresponding uncatalyzed reactions. The large rate enhancement over the uncatalyzed reaction provides a highly improved practical approach to access aldol-like adducts with a stereogenic quaternary carbon center. The crucial role of the 2-alkoxycarbonyl group on allylboronates 1 was demonstrated with control experiments using a model allylboronate lacking such an ester group. Moreover, the stereospecificity observed in the uncatalyzed allylborations is preserved. These observations raise intriguing mechanistic issues such as the suggestion that type I allylmetal behavior is maintained in this unprecedented catalytic reaction manifold.
Protection against endotoxic shock and lipopolysaccharide-induced local inflammation by tetracycline: correlation with inhibition of cytokine secretion (1996)

Septic shock results from excessive stimulation of host immune cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages, by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from gram-negative bacteria. Macrophage-derived cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta), have been identified as central mediators in the pathogenesis of septic shock and the resultant mortality. Therefore, these cytokines were targets for experimental therapy for septic shock. Because of tetracycline's ability to intervene in cellular mechanisms involved in cytokine secretion, we tested the effect of tetracycline on LPS-induced septic shock and inflammatory lesions in mice. Tetracycline was found to protect mice against LPS-induced lethality and to abolish clinical signs of LPS-induced inflammatory lesions. This protection correlates with tetracycline's ability to reduce LPS-induced TNF-alpha levels in serum. Furthermore, tetracycline was found to inhibit LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta secretion, but not cytokine mRNA accumulation, in human monocytes in vitro. The results presented here suggest that tetracycline is a potent drug for LPS-induced pathology and that its mechanism of action involves blockage of posttranscriptional events of cytokine production.
Subcellular compartmentalization of adeno-associated virus type 2 assembly (1997)

Using immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization techniques, we studied the intracellular localization of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV-2) Rep proteins, VP proteins, and DNA during the course of an AAV-2/adenovirus type 2 coinfection. In an early stage, the Rep proteins showed a punctate distribution pattern over the nuclei of infected cells, reminiscent of replication foci. At this stage, no capsid proteins were detectable. At later stages, the Rep proteins were distributed more homogeneously over the nuclear interior and finally became redistributed into clusters slightly enriched at the nuclear periphery. During an intermediate stage, they also appeared at an interior part of the nucleolus for a short period, whereas most of the time the nucleoli were Rep negative. AAV-2 DNA colocalized with the Rep proteins. All three capsid proteins were strongly enriched in the nucleolus in a transient stage of infection, when the Rep proteins homogeneously filled the nucleoplasm. Thereafter, they became distributed over the whole nucleus and colocalized in nucleoplasmic clusters with the Rep proteins and AAV-2 DNA. While VP1 and VP2 strongly accumulated in the nucleus, VP3 was almost equally distributed between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Capsids, visualized by a conformation-specific antibody, were first detectable in the nucleoli and then spread over the whole nucleoplasm. This suggests that nucleolar components are involved in initiation of capsid assembly whereas DNA packaging occurs in the nucleoplasm. Expression of a transfected full-length AAV-2 genome followed by adenovirus infection showed all stages of an AAV-2/adenovirus coinfection, whereas after expression of the cap gene alone, capsids were restricted to the nucleoli and did not follow the nuclear redistribution observed in the presence of the whole AAV-2 genome. Coexpression of Rep proteins released the restriction of capsids to the nucleolus, suggesting that the Rep proteins are involved in nuclear redistribution of AAV capsids during viral infection. Capsid formation was dependent on the concentration of expressed capsid protein.
Inflammation, Immunity, and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (2004)

According to traditional thinking, atherosclerosis results from passive lipid deposition in the vascular wall. Thus, therapies predominantly targeted lipid metabolism. The contemporary view of atherosclerosis, however, has broadened to include an active and complex role for inflammation, orchestrated in part by mediators of the immune system. This recognition prompted the question of whether antiinflammatory interventions might provide a novel avenue for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Uncertainties about the type of antiinflammatory regimen and appropriate patient selection currently hamper clinical investigation. Yet cardiovascular scientists have begun to address these questions at the bench, in experimental models, and indirectly in humans. Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A HMG-CoA reductase (statins) have emerged as promising tools with dual functions. Originally designed to target elevated lipids, the "traditional" cause of atherosclerosis, statins might also confer cardiovascular benefit by directly or indirectly modulating the inflammatory component of this prevalent disease. Yet controversy persists regarding the (clinical) relevance of these potential non-LDL-lowering "pleiotropic" functions of statins. This overview addresses the controversy by reviewing in vitro and in vivo evidence regarding statins as antiinflammatory agents.
Microfluidic hydrodynamic trapping for single cell analysis: mechanisms, methods and applications (2017)

The development of hydrodynamic-based microfluidic biochips has been increasing over the years.
In vivo Raman flow cytometry for real-time detection of carbon nanotube kinetics in lymph, blood, and tissues (2009)

Nanoparticles are intensively being explored as contrast agents for medical diagnostics and therapies using various optical methods. We present the first demonstration of the use of time-resolved Raman spectroscopy for in vivo real-time detection of circulating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or cancer cells labeled with CNTs in the lymph, blood, and tissues of live animals with fast spectral acquisition times of down to few milliseconds. After intravenously administering CNTs in the tail vein of the rat, this technique provides the ability to detect the circulation of CNTs in the blood microvessels of the intact rat ear. The capability of Raman spectroscopy is also demonstrated to monitor, identify, and image the CNTs during their transportation by lymphatics in the rat ear and mesentery. The strong and specific Raman scattering properties of CNTs make it possible to detect in vitro and in vivo single cancer cells (HeLa) tagged with CNTs. In vivo Raman flow cytometry opens a new avenue for multiparameter analysis of circulating nanoparticles with strong Raman scattering properties and their pharmokinetics in blood and lymph systems. Moreover, this technology has the potential for molecular detection and identification of circulating tumor cells, and infections labeled with CNTs.
Budesonide: Teaching an Old Dog New Tricks for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment (2008)

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel diseases with extremely great variability in presentation and clinical course. For many decades, corticosteroids and aminosalicylates have been the mainstay of the treatment for both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, for the induction and maintenance of remission, respectively. The main limiting factors for the repeated use of corticosteroids or the use as a maintenance treatment are the very high prevalence of systemic side effects, together with the possibility of developing dependency on and/or resistance to the drug, which are reported in more than one third of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In the last decade, a number of corticosteroids with enhanced topical activity and low systemic activity have been developed. Among them, budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate are the most used for the treatment of the inflammatory bowel diseases. Indeed, budesonide is the drug of choice for the treatment of ileo(-cecal) active Crohn's disease with mild-to-moderate activity, due to controlled ileal release. Budesonide foam and/or enemas are also efficacious in the treatment of left-sided/distal ulcerative colitis. Gastro-resistant, extended release tablets characterized by a multimatrix structure (i.e. MMX-budesonide), have also been developed to allow uniform release along the length of the colon. This paper reviews the mechanism-of-action, safety and efficacy of budesonide in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Mechanisms of oxidation, antioxidants, and atherosclerosis (1994)

The oxidation of LDL by a number of different cell types has been studied and described. Cells may be able to initiate and seed peroxides in LDL but, in the absence of metals or peroxidase activity, may not be able to oxidize the lipoprotein. Monocyte-derived macrophages and neutrophils are able to initiate and propagate lipid peroxidation. The oxidative role of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells may be restricted solely to the generation of hydrogen peroxide or other oxidants. The above rationale presents a problem in using LDL preparations that already contain peroxides, and in using media that generate peroxides independently of cells.
Effects of imidazoline I2 receptor ligands on acute nociception in rats (2011)

This study examined the antinociceptive effects of seven imidazoline I2 receptor ligands in a rat warm water tail withdrawal procedure (46 and 50°C). Agmatine, 2-BFI, phenyzoline, and diphenyzoline produced a significant antinociceptive activity at 46°C. BU224, S22687, and idazoxan had no effect at 46°C up to doses that altered the locomotor activity. None of the drugs showed antinociceptive activity at 50°C. It is suggested that I2 receptor agonists have antinociceptive activity for acute phasic pain under weak noxious stimulus, and the effects are efficacy-dependent. These data explain the findings that I2 receptor agonists enhance the antinociceptive effects of opioids and support developing higher-efficacy I2 receptor agonists for the treatment of pain.
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) overexpression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma correlates with poor survival (2010)

Our data suggest that IGF2BP3 overexpression identifies a subset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas with an extremely poor outcome and supports the rationale for developing therapies to target the IGF pathway in this cancer.
Power scaling of fiber-based amplifiers seeded with microchip lasers (2008)

We summarize the performance of mode-filtered, Yb-doped fiber amplifiers seeded by microchip lasers with nanosecond-duration pulses. These systems offer the advantages of compactness, efficiency, high peak power, diffraction-limited beam quality, and widely variable pulse energy and repetition rate. We review the fundamental limits on pulsed fiber amplifiers imposed by nonlinear processes, with a focus on the specific regime of nanosecond pulses. Different design options for the fiber and the seed laser are discussed, including the effects of pulse duration, wavelength, and linewidth. We show an example of a microchip-seeded, single-stage, single-pass fiber amplifier that produced pulses with 1.1 MW peak power, 0.76 mJ pulse energy, smooth temporal and spectral profiles, diffractionlimited beam quality, and linear polarization.
Mutational and putative neoantigen load predict clinical benefit of adoptive T cell therapy in melanoma (2017)

Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) is a highly intensive immunotherapy regime that has yielded remarkable response rates and many durable responses in clinical trials in melanoma; however, 50-60% of the patients have no clinical benefit. Here, we searched for predictive biomarkers to ACT in melanoma. Whole exome- and transcriptome sequencing and neoantigen prediction were applied to pre-treatment samples from 27 patients recruited to a clinical phase I/II trial of ACT in stage IV melanoma. All patients had previously progressed on other immunotherapies. We report that clinical benefit is associated with significantly higher predicted neoantigen load. High mutation and predicted neoantigen load are significantly associated with improved progression-free and overall survival. Further, clinical benefit is associated with the expression of immune activation signatures including a high MHC-I antigen processing and presentation score. These results improve our understanding of mechanisms behind clinical benefit of ACT in melanoma.
On the dielectric response of complex layered oxides: Mica-type silicates and layered double hydroxides (1992)

The dielectric properties of mica-type silicates and layered double hydroxides have been studied in the pristine and various intercalated forms in the frequency range 101–107 Hz. A relaxation peak has been observed for the pristine silicate, whereas the pristine layered double hydroxide exhibits an anomalous low-frequency dispersion. The dielectric response is rationalized in terms of structural ordering and fluctuation of charge carriers as well as models invoking fractal time processes and fractal structure. The response is also related to the structure and mobility of the intercalated water molecules. In both pristine hosts, the predominant conduction mechanism is proton hopping between sites generated by a network of intercalated water molecules. Silicate intercalated with the insulating form of polyaniline exhibits an almost frequency-independent response. In the case of conducting polyaniline intercalated silicate, where polarons are the majority charge carriers, an anomalous low-frequency dispersion is observed and the response is typical of a metal-insulator composite. Finally, impedance measurements have been used to calculate the spatial disorder and/or surface irregularity of the host layers, expressed by the fractal dimension ds. The changes observed in ds upon intercalation of high-charge ions are correlated to the stacking disorder of the host layers.
Use of high-performance liquid chromatography in the purification of human somatomedin-C (1985)

Conference Article| December 01 1985 Use of high-performance liquid chromatography in the purification of human somatomedin-C KEITH P. RAY; KEITH P. RAY 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL WALLIS MICHAEL WALLIS 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (6): 1233–1234. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0131233 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation KEITH P. RAY, MICHAEL WALLIS; Use of high-performance liquid chromatography in the purification of human somatomedin-C. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1985; 13 (6): 1233–1234. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0131233 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: ODS, octadecylsilane, TFA, trifluoroacetic acid, HFBA, heptafluorobutyric acid © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of metabolites of piroxicam (1981)

Four possible pyridine monohydroxylated metabolites of the antiinflammatory agent piroxicam have been synthesized for comparison with a natural pyridine-hydroxylated metabolite of this compound. In addition, another metabolite of piroxicam, derived from dehydration of the parent drug, has been made and characterized. The antiinflammatory activity of these compounds and four other known metabolites of piroxicam has been measured in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model and all are found to be less active than piroxicam itself.
Crystal structure of a prokaryotic ribosomal protein. (1986)

The structure of ribosomal protein L30 from Bacillus stearothermophilus has been solved to a resolution of 2.5 A. The molecule is somewhat elongated and contains two helices and a three-stranded, anti-parallel beta-pleated sheet. The protein fold, in which helices pack on the same side of the sheet, generates a simple helix-sheet, two-layered motif. It is possible to distinguish three hydrophobic patches on the molecular surface, and one end has six isolated arginine and lysine residues. It is proposed that these reflect sites of protein-protein and protein-RNA interaction, respectively. The protein fold is very similar to that of the only other known ribosomal protein structure, L7/L12 from Escherichia coli, and, based on this similarity, an attempt is made to align the amino acid sequences of the two proteins.
Repetitive Sequences in Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (1977)

After tryptic digestion of intact Staphylococcus aureus the residual portion of protein A that was still bound to the cell wall was cleaved off with lysostaphin. From the two digests Fc-binding fragments were isolated and the following characteristics observed. (a) There are four Fc-binding, highly homologous regions, each consisting of 58--62 amino acid residues. (b) These regions are consecutively arranged from the N-terminal part of the protein. (c) The residual C-terminal part, approximately 150-residues long, differs to a great extent with respect to primary and secondary structures from the four active regions. Furthermore, it is suggested that the protein is bound to the bacterial cell wall structure through this C-terminal part.