gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Marker-free lung tumor trajectory estimation from a cone beam CT sinogram (2010)

An algorithm was developed to estimate the 3D lung tumor position using the projection data forming a cone beam CT sinogram and a template registration method. A pre-existing respiration-correlated CT image was used to generate templates of the target, which were then registered to the individual cone beam CT projections, and estimates of the target position were made for each projection. The registration search region was constrained based on knowledge of the mean tumor position during the cone beam CT scan acquisition. Several template registration algorithms were compared, including correlation coefficient and robust methods such as block correlation, robust correlation coefficient and robust gradient correlation. Robust registration metrics were found to be less sensitive to occlusions such as overlying tissue and the treatment couch. The mean accuracy of the position estimation was 1.4 mm in phantom with a robust registration algorithm. In two research subjects with peripheral tumors, the mean position and mean target excursion were estimated to within 2.0 mm compared to the results obtained with a '4D' registration of 4D image volumes.
[Ala214,38] Aprotinin: Preparation by Partial Desulphurization of Aprotinin by Means of Raney Nickel and Comparison with Other Aprotinin Derivatives (1986)

Article [Ala214,38] Aprotinin: Preparation by Partial Desulphurization of Aprotinin by Means of Raney Nickel and Comparison with Other Aprotinin Derivatives was published on January 1, 1986 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 367, issue 2).
Simplified Method of the Growth of Human Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Gas-permeable Flasks to Numbers Needed for Patient Treatment (2012)

Adoptive cell therapy of metastatic melanoma with autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is clinically effective, but TIL production can be challenging. Here we describe a simplified method for initial TIL culture and rapid expansion in gas-permeable flasks. TIL were initially cultured from tumor digests and fragments in 40 mL capacity flasks with a 10 cm² gas-permeable silicone bottom, G-Rex10. A TIL rapid expansion protocol (REP) was developed using 500 mL capacity flasks with a 100 cm² gas-permeable silicone bottom, G-Rex100. TIL growth was successfully initiated in G-Rex10 flasks from tumor digests from 13 of 14 patients and from tumor fragments in all 11 tumor samples tested. TIL could then be expanded to 8-10×10⁹ cells in a 2-step REP that began by seeding 5×10⁶ TIL into a G-Rex100 flask, followed by expansion at day 7 into 3 G-Rex100 flasks. To obtain the 30-60×10⁹ cells used for patient treatment, we seeded 6 G-Rex100 flasks with 5×10⁶ cells and expanded into 18 G-Rex100 flasks. Large-scale TIL REP in gas-permeable flasks requires approximately 9-10 L of media, about 3-4 times less than other methods. In conclusion, TIL initiation and REP in gas-permeable G-Rex flasks require fewer total vessels, less media, less incubator space, and less labor than initiation and REP in 24-well plates, tissue culture flasks, and bags. TIL culture in G-Rex flasks will facilitate the production of TIL at the numbers required for patient treatment at most cell processing laboratories.
Small Untranslated RNA Antitoxin inBacillus subtilis (2005)

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are pairs of genes in which one member encodes a toxin that is neutralized or whose synthesis is prevented by the action of the product of the second gene, an antitoxin, which is either protein or RNA. We now report the identification of a TA module in the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis in which the antitoxin is an antisense RNA. The antitoxin, which is called RatA (for RNA antitoxin A), is a small (222 nucleotides), untranslated RNA that blocks the accumulation of the mRNA for a toxic peptide TxpA (for toxic peptide A; formerly YqdB). The txpA and ratA genes are in convergent orientation and overlap by ca. 75 nucleotides, such that the 3' region of ratA is complementary to the 3' region of txpA. Deletion of ratA led to increased levels of txpA mRNA and lysis of the cells. Overexpression of txpA also caused cell lysis and death, a phenotype that was prevented by simultaneous overexpression of ratA. We propose that the ratA transcript is an antisense RNA that anneals to the 3' end of the txpA mRNA, thereby triggering its degradation.
Response of 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency to Tetrahydrobiopterin (1992)

We have given tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in doses ranging from 2.5 to 20 mg/kg/day, each for a duration of 5 days to three patients with 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency. As small a dose as 2.5 mg/kg/day BH4 reduced the blood phenylalanine to normal levels. However, the required dose of BH4 to reduce neopterin and to increase urine biopterin was 5 to 10 mg/kg/day, while 20 mg/kg/day was required for biopterin to appear in cerebrospinal fluid. The results suggest that BH4 effectively reduces endogenous neopterin synthesis. The dose of BH4 needed to normalize liver phenylalanine hydroxylase is one eighth to one fourth that required for normal neurotransmitter metabolism in the central nervous system.
5′-YRNA fragments derived by processing of transcripts from specific YRNA genes and pseudogenes are abundant in human serum and plasma (2013)

Small noncoding RNAs carry out a variety of functions in eukaryotic cells, and in multiple species they can travel between cells, thus serving as signaling molecules. In mammals multiple small RNAs have been found to circulate in the blood, although in most cases the targets of these RNAs, and even their functions, are not well understood. YRNAs are small (84-112 nt) RNAs with poorly characterized functions, best known because they make up part of the Ro ribonucleoprotein autoantigens in connective tissue diseases. In surveying small RNAs present in the serum of healthy adult humans, we have found YRNA fragments of lengths 27 nt and 30-33 nt, derived from the 5'-ends of specific YRNAs and generated by cleavage within a predicted internal loop. Many of the YRNAs from which these fragments are derived were previously annotated only as pseudogenes, or predicted informatically. These 5'-YRNA fragments make up a large proportion of all small RNAs (including miRNAs) present in human serum. They are also present in plasma, are not present in exosomes or microvesicles, and circulate as part of a complex with a mass between 100 and 300 kDa. Mouse serum contains far fewer 5'-YRNA fragments, possibly reflecting the much greater copy number of YRNA genes and pseudogenes in humans. The function of the 5'-YRNA fragments is at present unknown, but the processing and secretion of specific YRNAs to produce 5'-end fragments that circulate in stable complexes are consistent with a signaling function.
Ligand-Enhanced Abiotic Iron Oxidation and the Effects of Chemical versus Biological Iron Cycling in Anoxic Environments (2013)

This study introduces a newly isolated, genetically tractable bacterium ( Pseudogulbenkiania sp. strain MAI-1) and explores the extent to which its nitrate-dependent iron-oxidation activity is directly biologically catalyzed. Specifically, we focused on the role of iron chelating ligands in promoting chemical oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrite under anoxic conditions. Strong organic ligands such as nitrilotriacetate and citrate can substantially enhance chemical oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrite at circumneutral pH. We show that strain MAI-1 exhibits unambiguous biological Fe(II) oxidation despite a significant contribution (∼30-35%) from ligand-enhanced chemical oxidation. Our work with the model denitrifying strain Paracoccus denitrificans further shows that ligand-enhanced chemical oxidation of Fe(II) by microbially produced nitrite can be an important general side effect of biological denitrification. Our assessment of reaction rates derived from literature reports of anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation, both chemical and biological, highlights the potential competition and likely co-occurrence of chemical Fe(II) oxidation (mediated by microbial production of nitrite) and truly biological Fe(II) oxidation.
RhoA signaling modulates cyclin D1 expression in human lung fibroblasts; implications for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2006)

These findings report for the first time that cyclin D1 expression is deregulated in IPF through a RhoA dependent mechanism that influences lung fibroblast proliferation. This potentially unravels new molecular targets for future anti-IPF strategies; accordingly, Simvastatin inhibition of Rho-mediated cyclin D1 expression in IPF fibroblasts merits further exploitation.
A Seamless Mode Transfer Maximum Power Point Tracking Controller for Thermoelectric Generator Applications (2007)

A boost-cascaded-with-buck converter based power conditioning system employing a seamless mode transfer maximum power point tracking controller is proposed to maximize energy production of a thermoelectric generator while balancing the vehicle battery charging, alternator output power, and vehicle load. When a maximum power point exceeds a load demand, the proposed controller switches to a power matching mode seamlessly by a dual loop control system, which detects the input and output voltages and currents of the boost-cascaded- with-buck converter, and adjusts the commands accordingly. Both voltage and current loops are designed in frequency domain using small signal models to ensure stable operation. A mode selection and command voltage and current are determined by a digital signal processor based controller. Experimental results with dynamic source and load steps are presented to show effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Broadening of the Rb resonance lines by the noble gases (1975)

Normalized emission spectra of the optically excited Rb resonance lines (7800 \AA{}, 7948 \AA{}) have been measured in the presence of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe for about 50 \AA{} on either side of the lines. The perturber gas pressures were in the range 100-1100 Torr and the temperature was 318 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The spectra, normalized to the total emission, are shown to be due to binary collisions. Shifts and widths of the Lorentzian cores of the lines were obtained, at pressures sufficiently low for impact theory to apply. The widths are corrected for the Rb hfs and the instrument function. Various power-law fits to the near-wing intensities are presented and compared to theoretical expectations. The red satellites reported by other authors are found to be, in the low-pressure limit, mere shoulders on the line wing for Ar and Kr, while Xe barely produces an actual peak. The measured linewidths and shifts are compared to previous measurements.
The state of the art in automating usability evaluation of user interfaces (2001)

Usability evaluation is an increasingly important part of the user interface design process. However, usability evaluation can be expensive in terms of time and human resources, and automation is therefore a promising way to augment existing approaches. This article presents an extensive survey of usability evaluation methods, organized according to a new taxonomy that emphasizes the role of automation. The survey analyzes existing techniques, identifies which aspects of usability evaluation automation are likely to be of use in future research, and suggests new ways to expand existing approaches to better support usability evaluation.
Generalized Rotating-Wave Approximation for Arbitrarily Large Coupling (2007)

A generalized version of the rotating-wave approximation for the single-mode spin-boson Hamiltonian is presented. It is shown that performing a simple change of basis prior to eliminating the off-resonant terms results in a significantly more accurate expression for the energy levels of the system. The generalized approximation works for all values of the coupling strength and for a wide range of detuning values, and may find applications in solid-state experiments.
Enhancement of renal function with ornipressin in a patient with decompensated cirrhosis. (1985)

An infusion with Ornipressin (8-ornithin vasopressin) in a patient with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis increased urinary volume from 30 ml/h to 500 ml/h, creatinine clearance from 24 to 65 ml/min, and fractional sodium excretion from 0.86% to 11.1%. Free water clearance decreased from -10.2 ml/h to -26.2 ml/h and noradrenaline plasma concentrations dropped from 2.04 to 1.37 ng/ml. After stopping Ornipressin infusion all values returned to initial concentrations. Possible effects are an increase of renal blood flow secondary to an increase in arterial blood pressure, possibly potentiated by the vasodilatory effect of the fall in noradrenaline and/or angiotensin concentration.
Electrodeposition, electrochemical and optical properties of poly(3-cylopropylmethylpyrrole), a new, hydrophobic, conducting polymer film (1996)

The electrosynthesis, structural characterization, morphology, electrochemical and optical properties of poly‐(3‐cyclopromylmethylpyrrole) (PCMPy), a new, hydrophobic, conducting polymer, are reported in this communication. PCMPy films were obtained on Pt electrodes by electrooxidation of 0.1 M 3‐cyclopropylmethylpyrrole (CMPy) acetonitrile solutions in the presence of 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium perchlorate. These films present a strong electroactivity, and their conductivity (about 32 S cm−1), is comparable to that of unsubstituted polypyrrole. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data indicate that the structure of PCMPy films is more regular than that of poly(1‐methylpyrrole), and that small aggregates (about 0.4–0.5 μm diameter) are formed. The existence of acetonitrile‐soluble oligomers, observed using UV absorption spectrometry, is discussed.
TGFBI expression is associated with a better response to chemotherapy in NSCLC (2010)

The results shown here indicate that TGFBI is a predictive factor of the response to chemotherapy, and suggest the use of TGFBI-derived peptides as possible therapeutic adjuvants for the enhancement of responses to chemotherapy.
Window-Oblivious Join: A Data-Driven Memory Management Scheme for Stream Join (2007)

Memory management is a critical issue in stream processing involving stateful operators such as join. Traditionally, the memory requirement for a stream join is query-driven: a query has to explicitly define a window for each (potentially unbounded) input. The window essentially bounds the size of the buffer allocated for that stream. However, outputs produced by such approach may not be desirable (if the window size is not part of the intended query semantic) due to the volatile input characteristics. We discover that when streams are ordered or partially ordered, it is possible to use a data-driven memory management scheme for improved performance. In this work, we present a novel data-driven memory management scheme, called Window-Oblivious Join (WO-Join), which adaptively adjusts the state buffer size according to the input characteristics. Our performance study shows that, compared to traditional Window-Join (W-Join), WO-Join is more robust with respect to the dynamic inputs and therefore produces higher quality results with lower memory costs.
The Beige/Chediak-Higashi Syndrome Gene Encodes a Widely Expressed Cytosolic Protein (1997)

The human autosomal recessive disorder Chediak-Higashi syndrome and its murine homologue beige are associated with the formation of giant lysosomes that cluster near the perinuclear region of cells. We prepared a polyclonal antiserum against a glutathione S-transferase-Beige fusion protein and demonstrated by Western analysis that the beige gene encodes a protein of 400 kDa that is expressed in cultured murine fibroblasts as well as most mouse tissues. The protein was not detected in either cultured fibroblasts or mouse tissues from two different beige mutants. Cultured fibroblasts transformed with multiple copies of yeast artificial chromosomes that contain the full-length beige gene showed much higher levels of Beige protein than either wild type fibroblasts or mouse tissues. Subcellular fractionation experiments demonstrated that the Beige protein was cytosolic and, under the conditions of isolation, had no measurable membrane association. Cultured mouse fibroblasts in which the Beige protein was overexpressed had smaller than normal lysosomes that were more peripherally distributed than in control cells. These findings, coupled with earlier published results, suggest that the Beige protein regulates lysosomal fission.
Reactivity of Organic Compounds in Hot Water: Geochemical and Technological Implications (1991)

Understanding of the reactivity of organic molecules in hot water is developing from studies aimed at explaining how organic matter (kerogen) forms in natural environments and then breaks down into energy source materials. In natural systems where kerogens are depolymerized, hot water is ubiquitous and usually contains salt and minerals. Reactions such as ionic condensation, cleavage, and hydrolysis are facilitated by changes in the chemical and physical properties of water as temperature increases. These changes make the solvent properties of water at high temperature similar to those of polar organic solvents at room temperature, thus facilitating reactions with organic compounds. An understanding of aqueous organic chemistry may lead to potential applications in areas as diverse as the recycling of plastics, the synthesis of chemicals, and coal liquefaction.
Possible high-Tcsuperconductivity in thin wires (1989)

A heuristic approach to the theory of superconductivity based on a simple physical picture and capable of treating the simultaneous participation of multiple bosonic modes that mediate the pairing interaction is first developed. The effect of the bosonic mode damping is also accounted for. We then propose a possible mechanism of superconductivity in slender electronic systems of finite cross sections based on the pairing interaction mediated by the multiple modes of acoustic plasmons in these structures. Such modes include the quasi-one-dimensional plasmon as well as the so-called slender acoustic plasmons. The critical temperature and the energy gap/${T}_{c}$ ratio are then calculated by the heuristic method just developed. Numerical results on ${T}_{c}$ in various samples are presented, showing ${T}_{c}$ in the 150--200 K range. The ratio 2${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{0}$/${T}_{c}$ differs generally from the BCS value due to the temperature dependence of the mode damping. The associated coherence length is shown to be considerably smaller than the transverse dimension of the wires.
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence. Determination of the absolute luminescence efficiency in electrogenerated chemiluminescence. 9,10-Diphenylanthracene-thianthrene and other systems (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrogenerated chemiluminescence. Determination of the absolute luminescence efficiency in electrogenerated chemiluminescence. 9,10-Diphenylanthracene-thianthrene and other systemsCsaba P. Keszthelyi, Nurhan E. Tokel-Takvoryan, and Allen J. BardCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 2, 249–256Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60352a046RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views338Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1013 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Shape discovery from unlabeled image collections (2009)

Can we discover common object shapes within unlabeled multi-category collections of images? While often a critical cue at the category-level, contour matches can be difficult to isolate reliably from edge clutter—even within labeled images from a known class, let alone unlabeled examples. We propose a shape discovery method in which local appearance (patch) matches serve to anchor the surrounding edge fragments, yielding a more reliable affinity function for images that accounts for both shape and appearance. Spectral clustering from the initial affinities provides candidate object clusters. Then, we compute the within-cluster match patterns to discern foreground edges from clutter, attributing higher weight to edges more likely to belong to a common object. In addition to discovering the object contours in each image, we show how to summarize what is found with prototypical shapes. Our results on benchmark datasets demonstrate the approach can successfully discover shapes from unlabeled images.
Update on hemangiomas and vascular malformations (1999)

Hemangiomas and vascular malformations are frequently encountered in pediatric practice, especially hemangiomas and port-wine stains. These lesions may cause physical and psychological complications and it is important to recognize which lesions need to be treated and how. Great progress has been made in the classification of vascular anomalies. Angiogenesis and molecular genetics are areas of active research; recent findings relating to hemangiomas and vascular malformations are presented. New clinical features of hemangiomas are described, such as association of extensive facial hemangiomas with various malformations and the occurrence of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, not with common hemangiomas, but with other vascular tumors (Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma). Interferon alfa is effective for treatment of complicated hemangiomas but may cause serious neurological side effects. It is to be hoped that early diagnosis of Sturge-Weber syndrome will soon be possible with new, noninvasive, functional imaging techniques. New issues surrounding pulsed dye laser therapy for port-wine stains are also discussed in this article.