gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interconnection Networks for SIMD Machines (1979)

Many SIMD interconnection networks have been proposed. To put the different approaches into perspective, this analysis compares a number of single- and multistage networks.
Phenylethylamine modulation of affect: therapeutic and diagnostic implications (1995)

A review of the literature indicates that brain phenylethylamine (PEA) may be a neuromodulator of aminergic synapses and that it promotes energy, elevates mood, and favors aggression. Phenylacetic acid, the main metabolite of PEA, is decreased in the biological fluids of depressed subjects and schizophrenic subjects and is increased in schizoaffective subjects. The administration of PEA or of its precursor L-phenylalanine improves mood in depressed patients treated with a selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitor. The authors speculate that studies of PEA metabolism may have diagnostic value and that PEA administration may be therapeutic in selected depressed patients.
Cell type-specific DNA methylation patterns in the human breast (2008)

Cellular identity and differentiation are determined by epigenetic programs. The characteristics of these programs in normal human mammary epithelium and their similarity to those in stem cells are unknown. To begin investigating these issues, we analyzed the DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of distinct subpopulations of mammary epithelial cells by using MSDK (methylation-specific digital karyotyping) and SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression). We identified discrete cell-type and differentiation state-specific DNA methylation and gene expression patterns that were maintained in a subset of breast carcinomas and correlated with clinically relevant tumor subtypes. CD44+ cells were the most hypomethylated and highly expressed several transcription factors with known stem cell function including HOXA10 and TCF3. Many of these genes were also hypomethylated in BMP4-treated compared with undifferentiated human embryonic stem (ES) cells that we analyzed by MSDK for comparison. Further highlighting the similarity of epigenetic programs of embryonic and mammary epithelial cells, genes highly expressed in CD44+ relative to more differentiated CD24+ cells were significantly enriched for Suz12 targets in ES cells. The expression of FOXC1, one of the transcription factors hypomethylated and highly expressed in CD44+ cells, induced a progenitor-like phenotype in differentiated mammary epithelial cells. These data suggest that epigenetically controlled transcription factors play a key role in regulating mammary epithelial cell phenotypes and imply similarities among epigenetic programs that define progenitor cell characteristics.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidations by Peroxydisulfate. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and Mechanism of Oxidations by Peroxydisulfate.D. A. HouseCite this: Chem. Rev. 1962, 62, 3, 185–203Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60217a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60217a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5992Altmetric-Citations763LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical experience with the CorLink device for proximal anastomosis of the saphenous vein to the aorta: a clinical, prospective, and randomized study. (2002)

Our experience suggests that the CorLink device is a safe and effective technique for anastomosis between saphenous vein grafts and the ascending aorta. The CorLink device could be used for totally endoscopic coronary bypass operations. Further randomized studies enrolling a larger number of patients are necessary to determine which patients may benefit the most from this procedure.
Induction of Nuclear Factor κB by the CD30 Receptor Is Mediated by TRAF1 and TRAF2 (1997)

CD30 is a lymphoid cell-specific surface receptor which was originally identified as an antigen expressed on Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. Activation of CD30 induces the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcription factor. In this study, we define the domains in CD30 which are required for NF-kappaB activation. Two separate elements of the cytoplasmic domain which were capable of inducing NF-kappaB independently of one another were identified. The first domain (domain 1) mapped to a approximately 120-amino-acid sequence in the membrane-proximal region of the CD30 cytoplasmic tail, between residues 410 and 531. A second, more carboxy-terminal region (domain 2) was identified between residues 553 and 595. Domain 2 contains two 5- to 10-amino-acid elements which can mediate the binding of CD30 to members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family of signal transducing proteins. Coexpression of CD30 with TRAF1 or TRAF2 but not TRAF3 augmented NF-kappaB activation through domain 2 but not domain 1. NF-kappaB induction through domain 2 was inhibited by coexpression of either full-length TRAF3 or dominant negative forms of TRAF1 or TRAF2. In contrast, NF-kappaB induction by domain 1 was not affected by alterations in TRAF protein levels. Together, these data support a model in which CD30 can induce NF-kappaB by both TRAF-dependent and -independent mechanisms. TRAF-dependent induction of NF-kappaB appears to be regulated by the relative levels of individual TRAF proteins in the cell.
Conductance and Methanol Crossover Investigation of Nafion Membranes in a Vapor-Fed DMFC (2003)

A major improvement in the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) can be expected with a decreasing methanol crossover from the anode to the cathode side of the cell. We know that the water and methanol uptake of Nafion and Nafion-like proton conductors is smaller from a gaseous phase than from a liquid phase and therefore the methanol concentration in the membrane itself has to be smaller. The focus of our investigations is the performance of a fuel cell with a gaseous feed of methanol/water at the anode under elevated cell temperatures. The following work investigates the conductivity of a DMFC with a polymer electrolyte membrane (Nafion 1xx) acting as the proton conductor for operating temperatures around 393 K as a function of the cell humidification parameter (pressure, relative humidity of the air). Furthermore it takes into consideration the membrane conductivity and the methanol crossover through the membrane as a function of the cell temperature. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Digital sound broadcasting to mobile receivers (1989)

The authors describe a system that combines the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing technique and a coding strategy associated with diversity in the frequency domain. The system is suitable for digital broadcasting through a particularly hostile urban radio channel. The general principles of COFDM (coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) are explained, and a detailed representation of the signals and the decoding procedure is given. The performance of the system in the selective Rayleigh channel is presented, and the behavior of the system when the conditions of temporal and frequency coherence of the channel are not fully met (very high-speed reception and abnormally extended channel delay spread) is described. The first implementation of a 4-PSK-COFDM systems has been demonstrated at the WARC-ORB 88 conference in Geneva, validating this concept of digital sound broadcasting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transverse spectral filtering and Mellin transform techniques applied to the effect of outer scale on tilt and tilt anisoplanatism (1993)

The process of setting up problems of wave propagation through turbulence and reducing the expressions to integrals is typically lengthy. Furthermore, to yield useful results the integrals must be evaluated numerically, except for the simplest problems. Here procedures are given for quickly writing an integral expression and easily evaluating it analytically, yielding a series solution that requires only a few terms to yield accurate results. The solution can also be expressed as a finite sum of generalized hypergeometric functions. The approach uses the Rytov approximation and filter functions in the spatial domain to express quantities of interest such as Zernike modes and effects of anisoplanatism for single or counterpropagating or copropagating plane or spherical waves in integral form. The integrals are readily evaluated with Mellin transforms. We illustrate the technique by deriving the tilt jitter of a single wave and the jitter between two waves with outer-scale effects present. It is shown that outer scale has a significant effect on tilt even for large outer-scale sizes. The effect of outer scale on tilt anisoplanatism is less pronounced.
Prevention of Virus B Hepatitis (SH Hepatitis) (1972)

Traditional preventive measures against virus B hepatitis (SH, MS-2), new measures based on the detection of the Australia (Au) antigen, and some recent attempts at active and passive immunization against Au antigen will be discussed. <h3>Traditional Preventive Measures</h3> Traditional preventive measures are directed toward reducing contamination. Whole blood, red blood cell, and platelet concentrates, and especially plasma and certain derivatives of plasma, such as fibrinogen and cryoconcentrates are potential sources of contamination. Human plasma fraction (PPSB)<sup>1</sup>appears to be less susceptible to contamination than other preparations among prothrombin complex and factor IX concentrates. The size of the pool is important for plasma and derivatives. Equipment for injection should be disposable. Needles, scalpels, if reused, and dental instruments should be sterilized with prolonged boiling or autoclaving. Sodium hypochloride, β-propiolactone, and ultraviolet light are usually used for disinfection. Crowding and poor sanitary conditions favor contamination since virus B may be transmitted
Antitumor Activity of JS-K [O2-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-Ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate] and Related O2-Aryl Diazeniumdiolates in Vitro and in Vivo (2006)

The literature provides evidence that metabolic nitric oxide (NO) release mediates the cytotoxic activities (against human leukemia and prostate cancer xenografts in mice) of JS-K, a compound of structure R(2)N-N(O)=NO-Ar for which R(2)N is 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl and Ar is 2,4-dinitrophenyl. Here we present comparative data on the potencies of JS-K and 41 other O(2)-arylated diazeniumdiolates as inhibitors of HL-60 human leukemia cell proliferation, as well as in the NCI 51-cell-line screen for six of them. The data show JS-K to be the most potent of the 42 in both screens and suggest that other features of its structure and metabolism besides NO release may contribute importantly to its activity. Results with control compounds implicate JS-K's arylating ability, and the surprisingly low IC(50) value of the N-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazine byproduct of NO release suggests a role for the R(2)N moiety. In addition to the above-mentioned in vivo activities, JS-K is shown here to be carcinostatic in a rat liver cancer model.
High-dose radioimmunotherapy versus conventional high-dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a multivariable cohort analysis (2003)

We performed a multivariable comparison of 125 consecutive patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) treated at our centers with either high-dose radioimmunotherapy (HD-RIT) using 131I-anti-CD20 (n = 27) or conventional high-dose therapy (C-HDT) (n = 98) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The groups were similar, although more patients treated with HD-RIT had an elevated pretransplantation level of lactate dehydrogenase (41% versus 20%, P =.03) and elevated international prognostic score (41% versus 19%, P =.02). Patients treated with HD-RIT received individualized therapeutic doses of 131I-tositumomab (median, 19.7 GBq [531 mCi]) to deliver 17 to 31 Gy (median, 27 Gy) to critical organs. Patients treated with C-HDT received total body irradiation plus chemotherapy (70%) or chemotherapy alone (30%). Patients treated with HD-RIT experienced improved overall survival (OS) (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] for death = 0.4 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.2-0.9], P =.02; adjusted HR, 0.3, P =.004) and progression-free survival (PFS) (unadjusted HR =.6 [95% C.I., 0.3-1.0], P =.06; adjusted HR, 0.5, P =.03) versus patients treated with C-HDT. The estimated 5-year OS and PFS were 67% and 48%, respectively, for HD-RIT and 53% and 29%, respectively, for C-HDT. One hundred-day treatment-related mortality was 3.7% in the HD-RIT group and 11% in the C-HDT group. The probability of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) was estimated to be.076 at 8 years in the HD-RIT group and.086 at 7 years in the C-HDT group. HD-RIT may improve outcomes versus C-HDT in patients with relapsed FL.
55-GHz Bandwidth Short-Cavity Distributed Reflector Laser and its Application to 112-Gb/s PAM-4 (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Matsui, T. Pham, W. A. Ling, R. Schatz, G. Carey, H. Daghighian, T. Sudo, and C. Roxlo, "55-GHz Bandwidth Short-Cavity Distributed Reflector Laser and its Application to 112-Gb/s PAM-4," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference Postdeadline Papers, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper Th5B.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
siRNA Efficiency: Structure or Sequence—That Is the Question (2006)

The triumphant success of RNA interference (RNAi) in life sciences is based on its high potency to silence genes in a sequence-specific manner. Nevertheless, the first task for successful RNAi approaches is the identification of highly active small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Early on, it has been found that the potency of siRNAs can vary drastically. Great progress was made when thermodynamic properties that influence siRNA activity were discovered. Design algorithms based on these parameters enhance the chance to generate potent siRNAs. Still, many siRNAs designed accordingly fail to silence their targeted gene, whereas others are highly efficient despite the fact that they do not fulfil the recommended criteria. Therefore, the accessibility of the siRNA-binding site on the target RNA has been investigated as an additional parameter which is important for RNAi-mediated silencing. These and other factors which are crucial for successful RNAi approaches will be discussed in the present review.
Gap Junctions between Cells Expressing Connexin 43 or 32 Show Inverse Permselectivity to Adenosine and ATP (2002)

Gap junctions, composed of proteins from the connexin family, are the only channels that directly connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells to allow for the intercellular transfer of small hydrophilic molecules. Gap junctional communication is essential for proper development and health in animals and humans. Whereas the study of biological molecules that pass through gap junctions is extremely important, the identification of endogenous transjunctional metabolites is challenging. To help address this problem, we have developed a layered culture system to identify and quantitate the transfer of endogenous molecules that pass between cells through gap junctions. Using these techniques, we have identified several endogenous molecules that showed differential transfer between channels composed of Cx32 versus Cx43. For example, adenosine passed about 12-fold better through channels formed by Cx32. In contrast, AMP and ADP passed about 8-fold better, and ATP greater than 300-fold better, through channels formed by Cx43. Thus, addition of phosphate to adenosine appears to shift its relative permeability from channels formed by Cx32 to channels formed by Cx43. This suggests functional consequence because the energy status of a cell could be controlled via connexin expression and channel formation.
Safety and Efficacy of RNAi Therapy for Transthyretin Amyloidosis (2013)

ALN-TTR01 and ALN-TTR02 suppressed the production of both mutant and nonmutant forms of transthyretin, establishing proof of concept for RNAi therapy targeting messenger RNA transcribed from a disease-causing gene. (Funded by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01148953 and NCT01559077.).
Varicella-zoster virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tc): detection and frequency analysis of HLA class I-restricted Tc in human peripheral blood (1987)

The cytotoxic T-cell (Tc) response to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is incompletely characterized. We investigated whether VZV-specific Tc restricted by class I products of the major histocompatibility complex can be generated from the peripheral blood of VZV-immune donors. Cell lines were established from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of seropositive donors by secondary in vitro restimulation. If cell-free VZV was used as the stimulating antigen, the resulting lines were predominantly CD4+ and did not show class I-restricted cytotoxicity; when autologous infected fibroblasts were used for in vitro stimulation, the resultant lines were usually cytotoxic, although in only 4 of 11 subjects tested was this cytotoxicity HLA restricted and virus specific. PBL were also tested for Tc activity without prior restimulation; VZV-specific Tc activity was only demonstrable in the PBL of a subject convalescent following zoster but not from subjects with recent varicella infection or from normal subjects. VZV-specific Tc precursor frequencies were then determined in six selected subjects by limiting-dilution analysis. A measurable frequency was detectable in four of the six seropositive subjects, ranging from 11/10(6) T cells in an asymptomatic carrier, to 63/10(6) T cells in a subject with recent zoster. We conclude that virus-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted Tc precursors may be present in the peripheral blood of normal individuals seropositive for VZV but at a frequency lower than that for other herpesviruses with nonneuronal sites of latency.
Insecticidal Pyrroles (1993)

The development of a new series of insecticidal pyrroles, based on the natural product dioxapyrrolomycin, is described. In particular, new chemistry leading to halogenated and trifluoromethyl-containing pyrroles is presented. This new class of insect control agents has been shown to be active on a broad spectrum of insect pests. It is proposed that the mode of action for this series is the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. One member of this series, AC 303,630 [4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyirole-3-carbonitrile] is currently undergoing development as a broad spectrum insecticide/miticide.
Isolation of Human Sequences That Replicate Autonomously in Human Cells (1989)

We have isolated a heterogeneous collection of human genomic sequences which replicate autonomously when introduced into human cells. The novel strategy for the isolation of these sequences involved cloning random human DNA fragments into a defective Epstein-Barr virus vector. This vector alone was unable to replicate in human cells, but appeared to provide for the nuclear retention of linked DNA. The human sequences persist in a long-term replication assay (greater than 2 months) in the presence of the viral nuclear retention sequences. Using a short-term (4-day) assay, we showed that the human sequences are able to replicate in the absence of all viral sequences. The plasmids bearing human sequences were shown to replicate based on the persistence of MboI-sensitive plasmid DNA in the long-term assay and the appearance of DpnI-resistant DNA in the short-term assay. The human sequences were shown to be responsible for the replication activity and may represent authentic human origins of replication.
Probing Drosophila gene function by antisense RNA (1989)

The conventional technique for assigning a particular genetic function to a cloned transcription unit has relied on the rescue of the mutant phenotype by germ line transformation. An alternative approach is to mimic a mutant phenotype by the use of antisense RNA injections to produce phenocopies. This approach has been successfully used to identify genes involved in early pattern forming processes in the Drosophila embryo. At the time when antisense RNA is injected, the embryo develops as a syncytium composed of about 5000 nuclei which share a common cytoplasm. The gene interactions required to establish the body plan occur before cellularization at the blastoderm stage. Thus the nuclei and their exported transcripts are accessible to the injected antisense RNA. The antisense RNA interferes with the endogenous RNA by an as yet unidentified mechanism. The extent of interference is only partial and produces phenocopies with characteristics of weak mutant alleles. In our lab and others, this approach has been successfully used to identify several genes required for normal Drosophila pattern formation.
The Arabidopsis EIN3 Binding F-Box Proteins EBF1 and EBF2 Have Distinct but Overlapping Roles in Ethylene Signaling (2007)

Ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana converges on the ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3)/EIN3-Like (EIL) transcription factors to induce various responses. EIN3 BINDING F-BOX1 (EBF1) and EBF2 were recently shown to function in ethylene perception by regulating EIN3/EIL turnover. In the absence of ethylene, EIN3 and possibly other EIL proteins are targeted for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by Cullin 1-based E3 complexes containing EBF1 and 2. Ethylene appears to block this ubiquitination, allowing EIN3/EIL levels to rise and mediate ethylene signaling. Through analysis of mutant combinations affecting accumulation of EBF1, EBF2, EIN3, and EIL1, we show that EIN3 and EIL1 are the main targets of EBF1/2. Kinetic analyses of hypocotyl growth inhibition in response to ethylene and growth recovery after removal of the hormone revealed that EBF1 and 2 have temporally distinct but overlapping roles in modulating ethylene perception. Whereas EBF1 plays the main role in air and during the initial phase of signaling, EBF2 plays a more prominent role during the latter stages of the response and the resumption of growth following ethylene removal. Through their coordinated control of EIN3/EIL1 levels, EBF1 and EBF2 fine-tune ethylene responses by repressing signaling in the absence of the hormone, dampening signaling at high hormone concentrations, and promoting a more rapid recovery after ethylene levels dissipate.