gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of glycogen synthase phosphorylation in isolated rat hepatocytes by epinephrine, vasopressin and glucagon (1984)

Isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated in a medium containing 0.1 mM [32P]phosphate (0.1 mCi/ml) before exposure to epinephrine, glucagon or vasopressin. 32P-labeled glycogen synthase was purified from extracts of control or hormone-treated cells by the use of specific antibodies raised to rabbit skeletal muscle glycogen synthase. Analysis of the immunoprecipitates by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate indicated that a single 32P-labeled polypeptide, apparent Mr 88000, was removed specifically by the antibodies and corresponded to glycogen synthase. Similar electrophoretic analysis of CNBr fragments prepared from the immunoprecipitate revealed that 32P was distributed between two fragments, of apparent Mr 14000 (CB-1) and 28000 (CB-2). Epinephrine, vasopressin or glucagon increased the 32P content of the glycogen synthase subunit. CB-2 phosphorylation was increased by all three hormones while CB-1 was most affected by epinephrine and vasopressin. These effects correlated with a decrease in glycogen synthase activity. From studies using rat liver glycogen synthase, purified by conventional methods and phosphorylated in vitro by individual protein kinases, it was found that electrophoretically similar CNBr fragments could be obtained. However, neither cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase nor three different Ca2+-dependent enzymes (phosphorylase kinase, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and protein kinase C) were effective in phosphorylating CB-2. The protein kinases most effective towards CB-2 were the Ca2+ and cyclic-nucleotide-independent enzymes casein kinase II (PC0.7) and FA/GSK-3. The results demonstrate that rat liver glycogen synthase undergoes multiple phosphorylation in whole cells and that stimulation of cells by glycogenolytic hormones can modify the phosphorylation of at least two distinct sites in the enzyme. The specificity of the hormones, however, cannot be explained simply by the direct action of any known protein kinase dependent on cyclic nucleotide or Ca2+. Therefore, either control of other protein kinases, such as FA/GSK-3, is involved or phosphatase activity is regulated, or both.
Bone density and metabolism in subjects with microdeletion of chromosome 22q11 (del22q11) (2010)

Subjects with 22q11DS have a significant reduction in bone mass that appears to be more severe in adults who have already attained peak bone mass than in children who are still growing. Therefore, we suggest a close monitoring of bone mass and metabolism in 22q11DS patients.
Ultrasound Standing-wave Bio-Reactor design and testing (2013)

This study experimentally investigated the ultrasonic separation efficiency of water-activated sludge suspensions, which is in line with our previous work on modeling and control in acoustic separation of suspensions using a numerical-experimental approach. The main conclusion is that ultrasound separation provides a promising technique that could have industrial application for activated sludge separation in the future.
Pharmacogenomic and metabolic biomarkers in the folate pathway and their association with methotrexate effects during dosage escalation in rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

RBC MTXPG levels are a useful means by which to monitor therapy. The genetic associations presented generate hypotheses, and confirmation in independent cohorts is warranted.
ENHANCEMENT OF TENDON-BONE HEALING OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT GRAFTS BY BLOCKAGE OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES (2005)

Background: The use of soft-tissue grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction delays the healing process. This delay may be due to biochemical and/or biomechanical insults. We hypothesized that the blocking effect of α2-macroglobulin on synovial matrix metalloproteinase activity may enhance the healing of tendon graft in a bone tunnel. Methods: The study was performed on twenty-eight healthy, skeletally mature New Zealand White rabbits. Each rabbit underwent bilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of the ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon. Alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2-macroglobulin) was injected into the knee joint in one limb, and the contralateral limb served as a control. The rabbits were killed two weeks (fourteen rabbits) or five weeks (fourteen rabbits) after the operative procedures. The presence of matrix metalloproteinases in synovial fluid, and the blocking effect of α2-macroglobulin on them, were determined with enzymatic assays. Healing between the tendon and the bone tunnel was assessed morphologically by determining the presence of fibrovascular tissue and collagen fibers. Healing also was assessed quantitatively by measuring the ultimate load to failure of the reconstructed complex. Results: There was an increase in matrix metalloproteinases in the control group; in contrast, there was a decrease in the study group (p < 0.05). In the control specimens, the fibrovascular tissue at the bone-tendon interface had developed into dense connective tissue with poor vascularization. In the treated specimens, the bone tunnel had more areas of denser connective-tissue ingrowth. The interface tissue was more mature and contained numerous perpendicular collagen bundles (Sharpey fibers). The ultimate load to failure was significantly greater in the α2-macroglobulin-treated specimens than in the untreated controls at both two and five weeks. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that α2-macroglobulin blockade of matrix metalloproteinases can enhance bone-tendon healing. This effect of α2-macroglobulin could occur through its effect solely on collagenase or on a subset of matrix metalloproteinases that are present at the healing interface.
Changes of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover and YKL-40 Following Hormonal Treatment for Metastatic Prostate Cancer Are Related to Survival (2007)

Serial monitoring of serum PINP, BAP, CTX-I, and YKL-40 in metastatic PC patients during hormonal treatment provided information of prognosis.
A search quality evaluation based on objective-subjective method. (2008)

Commercial search engines, especially meta-search engines was designed to retrieve the information by submitting users ’ queries to multiple conventional search engines and integrating their partial searching results generated by each search engine. How to find the best search engine for user queries is know as the selection problem of search engines. Recently, the selection problem has become a research hotspot in meta-search engines. Therefore, it is the key technology to evaluate the quality of the search result of every search engine. In this paper, the objectivesubjective measure method was proposed. At first, we focus on objective evaluation of search quality. From global viewpoint, we calculated the average correlation coefficient of one search result list with other search result lists, the correlation coefficient described the relation among the original lists of search results, and it is objective measure of the search result of search engine;Second, we focus on the subjective evaluation of search quality. We measure the user satisfaction to each search result of search engine by comparing the implicit ranking provided by the user feedback with the original ranking given by the search engine. At last, the objective-subjective measure method is the weighted sum of the average correlation coefficient and the user satisfaction. What more, we discussed the algorithm of our proposed method.
A Study on Experience of Transition to Online Lecture due to COVID-19 in Nursing Students (2020)

The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data for the effective management of online lectures in the future by investigating the difficulties in online lectures experienced by nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the data were extracted from the experiences of nursing students of the online lecture through focus group interviews, using the classification and analysis scheme proposed by Colaizzi. The subjects were 20 nursing students who experienced the transition from face-to-face lectures to online ones. In the analysis, 17 theme clusters and five categories were extracted: "freely adjustable lecture", "Decreased learning capability", "Unmanaged video material", "Loneliness of learning alone", and "Difficulty in forming a relationship in school life". In conclusion, it was found that online lectures conducted to ensure safety from the sudden COVID-19 pandemic had the advantages of flexibility in terms of time and speed, however, students also suffered from negative experiences such as decreased learning capability, absence of instruction equipment, difficulty in communication, and loneliness and solitude. The quality management of video lectures and improvement in communication between teachers and students are required for effective learning in a continuous online lectures in the future and the development of teaching and learning methods to overcome those difficulties are recommended.
Cell-associated HIV RNA: a dynamic biomarker of viral persistence (2013)

In most HIV-infected individuals adherent to modern antiretroviral therapy (ART), plasma viremia stays undetectable by clinical assays and therefore, additional virological markers for monitoring and predicting therapy responses and for measuring the degree of HIV persistence in patients on ART should be identified. For the above purposes, quantitation of cell-associated HIV biomarkers could provide a useful alternative to measurements of viral RNA in plasma. This review concentrates on cell-associated (CA) HIV RNA with the emphasis on its use as a virological biomarker. We discuss the significance of CA HIV RNA as a prognostic marker of disease progression in untreated patients and as an indicator of residual virus replication and the size of the dynamic viral reservoir in ART-treated patients. Potential value of this biomarker for monitoring the response to ART and to novel HIV eradication therapies is highlighted.
A Novel Platinum Compound Inhibits Constitutive Stat3 Signaling and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Malignant Cells (2005)

Previous studies have established constitutive activation of Stat3 protein as one of the molecular changes required for tumorigenesis. To develop novel therapeutics for tumors harboring constitutively active Stat3, compounds from the NCI 2000 diversity set were evaluated for inhibition of Stat3 DNA-binding activity in vitro. Of these, a novel platinum (IV) compound, IS3 295, interacted with Stat3 and inhibited its binding to specific DNA-response elements. Further analysis suggested noncompetitive-type kinetics for the inhibition of Stat3 binding to DNA. In human and mouse tumor cell lines with constitutively active Stat3, IS3 295 selectively attenuated Stat3 signaling, thereby inducing cell growth arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. Moreover, in transformed cells, IS3 295 repressed expression of cyclin D1 and bcl-xL, two of the known Stat3-regulated genes that are overexpressed in malignant cells, suggesting that IS3 295 mediates anti-tumor cell activity in part by blocking Stat3-mediated sub-version of cell growth and apoptotic signals. Together, our findings provide evidence for the inhibition of Stat3 activity and biological functions by IS3 295 through interaction with Stat3 protein. This study represents a significant advance in small molecule-based approaches to target Stat3 and suggests potential new applications for platinum (IV) complexes as modulators of the Stat3 pathway for cancer therapy.
Bringing order to the Web (2000)

We developed a user interface that organizes Web search results into hierarchical categories. Text classification algorithms were used to automatically classify arbitrary search results into an existing category structure on-the-fly. A user study compared our new category interface with the typical ranked list interface of search results. The study showed that the category interface is superior both in objective and subjective measures. Subjects liked the category interface much better than the list interface, and they were 50% faster at finding information that was organized into categories. Organizing search results allows users to focus on items in categories of interest rather than having to browse through all the results sequentially.
Influence of oil concentration on the efficacy of tumor regression by emulsified components of mycobacteria. (1979)

The influence of mineral oil content on the antitumor activity of emulsified Bacillus Calmette-Guérin cell walls (CW) was studied in mice each with an established transplant of a syngeneic fibrosarcoma. Animals received intratumoral injections of CW (0.02 to 0.6 mg/mouse) emulsified in 1 to 9% oil. The number of animals in which tumor regressed completely depended on the concentration of oil in the emulsion. The methanol extraction residue (MER) of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin administered intratumorally in oil in water emulsion was also immunotherapeutically active. Neither CW nor MER was active when given as aqueous suspensions without oil. Guinea pigs with transplanted hepatomas growing in their skin and with tumor cells in the draining lymph node could be cured of malignant disease by a single intralesional injection of CW or MER (1 mg per guinea pig) if these agents were emulsified in oil (3.3%) and water. Aqueous suspensions of CW and MER were not therapeutically active in the guinea pig.
Synthesis and Characterization of Li1 + x Mn2 − x  O 4 for Li‐Ion Battery Applications (1996)

Several series of samples prepared at different temperatures and in different oxygen environments were studied in order to further understand the dependence of the electrochemical performance on the sample heating temperature, on the amount of excess lithium x, and on the oxygen stoichiometry. We show that a peak in the differential capacity of electrochemical cells at 3.3 V on discharge always appears with the 4.5 V peak previously reported by Tarascon et al. Powder x‐ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement show that the mixing of Li and Mn cations in 8a sites is not the origin of these capacity peaks. Samples heated to 900°C and samples that are more oxygen deficient exhibit larger 3.3 and 4.5 V peaks. Samples made at 750°C in air or oxygen with x = 0.1 show almost no evidence for the 3.3 and 4.5 V peaks. Furthermore, these samples do not degrade even after cells are charged to 4.9 V, suggesting these samples should be excellent for Li‐ion battery applications. A simple way of determining x with thermal gravimetric analysis is also demonstrated.
Epidemiological Study on Factor VII, Factor VIII and Fibrinogen in an Industrial Population: I. Baseline Data on the Relation to Age, Gender, Body-Weight, Smoking, Alcohol, Pill-Using, and Menopause (1985)

The Münster Arteriosclerosis Study (MAS) is a prospective, longitudinal epidemiological study on an industrial population in Westfalia aimed to establishing clinical and laboratory data with possible relationship to cardiovascular events. The data presented here describe the baseline measurements of fibrinogen, factor VIIc and factor VIIIc from the recruitment of 2880 male and 1306 female persons and their relationship to age, gender, bodyweight, smoking, alcohol, pill-using and menopause. The correlations were made by means of a multiple regression analysis. We found an increase of those coagulation factors with age, a correlation of F VII and fibrinogen with body-weight index and of fibrinogen with cigarette smoking. No correlation was found for alcohol consumption. F VIII and F VII were significantly higher after onset of menopause and F VII and fibrinogen in women using the pill.
Impact of state of arousal and stress neuropeptides on urodynamic function in freely moving rats (2006)

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a neurotransmitter in Barrington's nucleus neurons. These neurons can coregulate parasympathetic tone to the bladder (to modulate micturition) and brain noradrenergic activity (to affect arousal). To identify the role of CRF in the regulation of micturition, the effects of CRF agonists and antagonists on urodynamics in the unanesthetized rat were characterized. Rats were implanted with bladder and intrathecal or intraperitoneal catheters under isoflurane anesthesia. Cystometry was performed in the unanesthetized, unrestrained state at least 24 h later. In some cases, cortical electroencephalographic activity (EEG) was recorded simultaneously to assess arousal state. During cystometry, the state of arousal often shifted between waking and sleeping and urodynamic function changed depending on the state. Micturition threshold, bladder capacity, and micturition volume were all increased during sleep. The CRF1/CRF2 receptor agonists CRF and urocortin 2 increased bladder capacity and micturition volume in awake but not in sleeping rats. Conversely, the CRF1 receptor antagonists antalarmin and NBI-30775 increased urinary frequency and decreased bladder capacity in awake rats. The present results demonstrate a profound effect of the state of arousal on urodynamic function and suggest that simultaneous monitoring of EEG and cystometry may provide a useful model for studying nocturnal enuresis and other urinary disorders. In addition, the results provide evidence for an inhibitory influence of CRF in the spinal pathway on micturition. Targeting the CRF system in the spinal cord may provide a novel approach for treating urinary disorders.
Efficacy of Cyto-Chex Blood Preservative for Delayed Manual CD4 Testing Using Dynal T4 Quant CD4 Test Among HIV-Infected Persons in Zambia (2006)

Addition of Cyto-Chex to peripheral blood (1:1) adequately preserves refrigerated blood samples for up to 9 days for subsequent testing with Dynabeads CD4 test. Cyto-Chex, however, cannot be recommended for delayed Dynabeads CD4 testing with storage at 37 degrees C or ambient temperatures in tropical areas similar to the site of this study.
Enhanced long‐term potentiation and impaired learning in phosphodiesterase 4D‐knockout (PDE4D−/−) mice (2008)

Elevation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations and subsequent regulation of downstream target gene expression through phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) is hypothesized to underlie the mechanism(s) of long-term memory (LTM) formation. The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzyme family is believed to play a key role in LTM by regulating cAMP levels. Thus far, four PDE4 isoforms have been identified (PDE4A, B, C and D); however, the requisite involvement of each of these isoforms in mediating LTM has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, genetic knockout mice were used to investigate the involvement of the PDE4D isoform in both in vitro and in vivo models of learning and memory. Hippocampal synaptic transmission measured electrophysiologically in CA1 slice preparations was similar between wild-type and PDE4D (-/-) mice yet, relative to wild-type controls, knockout mice displayed enhanced early long-term potentiation (LTP) following multiple induction protocols. Interestingly, the PDE4D (-/-) animals exhibited significant behavioral deficits in associative learning using a conditioned fear paradigm as compared with control littermates. The impairment in fear conditioning observed in the PDE4D (-/-) mice could not be attributed to differences in acquisition of the task, alterations in locomotor activity or effects on shock sensitivity. Overall, the in vitro and in vivo alterations in synaptic plasticity observed in the PDE4D (-/-) mice may be explained by adaptive responses occurring throughout development, and suggest that the PDE4D isoform may be an important mediator of LTM formation.
Securing web service by automatic robot detection (2006)

Web sites are routinely visited by automated agents known as Web robots, that perform acts ranging from the beneficial, such as indexing for search engines, to the malicious, such as searching for vulnerabilities, attempting to crack passwords, or spamming bulletin boards. Previous work to identify malicious robots has relied on ad-hoc signature matching and has been performed on a per-site basis. As Web robots evolve and diversify, these techniques have not been scaling. We approach the problem as a special form of the Turing test and defend the system by inferring if the traffic source is human or robot. By extracting the implicit patterns of human Web browsing, we develop simple yet effective algorithms to detect human users. Our experiments with the CoDeeN content distribution network show that 95 % of human users are detected within the first 57 requests, and 80 % can be identified in only 20 requests, with a maximum false positive rate of 2.4%. In the time that this system has been deployed on CoDeeN, robotrelated abuse complaints have dropped by a factor of 10. 1
Rapid Tryptic Mapping Using Enzymically Active Mass Spectrometer Probe Tips (1995)

A method has been developed for rapid, sensitive, and accurate tryptic mapping of polypeptides using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass analysis. The technique utilizes mass spectrometer probe tips which have been activated through the covalent immobilization of trypsin. The enzymatically active probe tips were used for the tryptic mapping of chicken egg lysozyme and the results compared with those obtained using either free trypsin or agarose-immobilized trypsin. A significant increase in the overall sensitivity of the process was observed using the active probe tips, as well as the production of more characteristic proteolytic fragments and the elimination of background signals due to the autolysis of the trypsin. Further, probe tip digestions were found to be rapid and convenient.
Galectin-9 Inhibits CD44–Hyaluronan Interaction and Suppresses a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma (2007)

We conclude that Gal-9 inhibits allergic inflammation of the airway and AHR by modulating CD44-dependent leukocyte recognition of the extracellular matrix.
Application to optical components of dielectric porous silicon multilayers (1995)

Narrow-band color filters have been integrated on porous silicon layers. Distributed Bragg reflectors and Fabry–Pérot interference filters based on layered porous silicon samples are demonstrated. The effects of narrowing and tuning the porous silicon emission band are shown in structures composed by Fabry–Pérot filters integrated on top of thick porous silicon layers.
The Second Life of a Sensor Integrating Real-world Experience in Virtual Worlds using Mobile Phones (2008)

Virtual world simulators like Second Life represent the latest and most successful frontier of online services for entertainment and business. People have virtual lives in these worlds using personal avatars. Bridging real life and these virtual worlds together is challenging, but enables new application scenarios for these systems. Existing work focuses on the representation of objects inside virtual worlds. We believe that the overall experience will be improved if we can reproduce not only inanimate and passive objects like buildings and beer steins but also the subjects in these virtual environments. In order to have a seamless integration between the physical and virtual worlds, and to maximize scale of adoption, the system should rely on devices that people already use every day. For this reason, we believe that mobile phones are a natural and ideal solution. In this paper, we argue that the sensors embedded in commercial mobile phones can be used to infer real-world activities, that in turn can be reproduced in virtual settings. We discuss the challenges related to the implementation of such a system both from algorithmic and systematic points of view. We present the design of a prototype integrating a platform for inferring activities using mobile phones and Second Life. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that sensors used on everyday mobile phones reflecting a person’s activity in the physical world has been expressed in virtual worlds such as Second Life. 1.