gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viable but Nonculturable Bacteria: Food Safety and Public Health Perspective (2013)

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state is a unique survival strategy of many bacteria in the environment in response to adverse environmental conditions. VBNC bacteria cannot be cultured on routine microbiological media, but they remain viable and retain virulence. The VBNC bacteria can be resuscitated when provided with appropriate conditions. A good number of bacteria including many human pathogens have been reported to enter the VBNC state. Though there have been disputes on the existence of VBNC in the past, extensive molecular studies have resolved most of them, and VBNC has been accepted as a distinct survival state. VBNC pathogenic bacteria are considered a threat to public health and food safety due to their nondetectability through conventional food and water testing methods. A number of disease outbreaks have been reported where VBNC bacteria have been implicated as the causative agent. Further molecular and combinatorial research is needed to tackle the threat posed by VBNC bacteria with regard to public health and food safety.
A Stable α-Helical Domain at the N Terminus of the RIα Subunits of cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Is a Novel Dimerization/Docking Motif (1997)

The RIalpha subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase is maintained as an asymmetric dimer by a dimerization motif at the N terminus. Based on resistance to proteolysis and expression as a discrete domain in Escherichia coli, this motif is defined as residues 12-61. This motif is chemically, kinetically, and thermally stable. The two endogenous interchain disulfide bonds between Cys16 and Cys37 in RIalpha are extremely resistant to reduction even in 8 M urea, indicating that they are well shielded from the reducing environment of the cell. The disulfide bonds were present in recombinant RIalpha as well as when the dimerization domain alone was expressed in E. coli, emphasizing the unusual stability of this motif and the disulfide bonds. Although 100 mM dithiothreitol was sufficient to reduce the disulfide bonds, it did not abolish dimerization. In addition, a stable dimer also still formed when Cys37 was replaced with His, confirming unambiguously the original antiparallel alignment of the disulfide bonds. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo, disulfide bonds are not required for dimerization. Circular dichroism of the dimerization domain indicated a high content of a thermostable alpha-helix. Based on the CD data, trypsin resistance of the fragment, location of the disulfide bonds, and amphipathic helix predictions, potential models are discussed. A new alignment of the dimerization domains of RI, RII, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase elucidates fundamental similarities as well as significant differences among these three domains.
FGF2-targeted adenoviral vectors for systemic and local disease. (1999)

Adenoviral vectors have proven useful for transducing a variety of cell types. However, both adenoviral resistant cell types and vector-related toxicities (due to non-specific tropism), limit their widespread clinical utility. These limitations can be greatly reduced by targeting adenoviral vectors to alternative cell surface receptors. One ligand family, highly effective at targeting adenoviral vectors, is the family of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). The FGFs allow a high degree of targeting specificity due to their cognate high affinity FGF receptors, which are expressed on cells undergoing repair and regeneration. Recent publications, reviewed herein, demonstrate that FGF-targeted adenoviruses result in enhanced potency and reduced toxicity, and thus substantially increase the therapeutic index in vivo. As a result, vector delivery through FGF receptors provides the targeting specificity required for successful local and systemic clinical applications of gene therapy.
Directed Gene Modification via Triple Helix Formation (2001)

The ability to selectively target mammalian genes and disrupt or restore their function would represent an important advance in gene therapy. Mutation of a single nucleotide can often result in a non-functional gene product. Reversion of defective genes to their correct sequences could lead to permanent cures for patients with many genetic diseases. Molecules such as triplex forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) and peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are currently being employed to bind to double-stranded DNA. Efficient targeting of genomic DNA with these molecules will be the initial step in gene modification.
The Use of a Cap-Shaped Coil for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Motor Cortex (1993)

A cap-shaped coil is introduced as a superior design for inducing transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials for spinal cord monitoring. Evaluation of the magnetic characteristics of the cap coil showed higher induced electrical fields at and below the depth of the cortical surface, compared to a 9-cm, butterfly-shaped coil. Twenty normal adults were stimulated with the cap coil and a 9-cm round coil in three positions. Compound muscle action potentials were recorded from the left and right abductor digiti minimi and anterior tibialis muscles. The cap coil induced potentials with higher intensities and lower variability between consecutive stimuli. The cap coil was also more able to simultaneously induce motor evoked potentials from the four muscles studied. This coil design should provide superior means of inducing transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials in multiple muscles.
Infarct-sparing effect of myocardial postconditioning is dependent on protein kinase C signalling (2006)

These data suggest that postcon modulates PKC during early reperfusion by increasing PKCepsilon expression and translocation to a site other than the outer mitochondrial membrane, and limits translocation of PKCdelta to mitochondria and associated deleterious signalling.
Linking by inking (1998)

“Linking by inking” is a new interface for reader-directed link construction that bridges reading and browsing activities. We are developing linking by inking in XLibris, a hypertext system based on the paper document metaphor. Readers use a pen computer to annotate page images with free-form ink, much as they would on paper, and the computer constructs hypertext links based on the ink marks. This paper proposes two kinds of readerdirected links: automatic and manual. Automatic links are created in response to readers’ annotations. The system extracts the text near free-form ink marks, uses these terms to construct queries, executes queries against a collection of documents, and unobtrusively displays links to related documents in the margin or as “further reading lists.” We also present a design for manual (ad hoc) linking: circling an ink symbol generates a multi-way link to other instances of the same symbol.
Aproximación metodológica a la evaluación del estado de erosión hídrica en el ámbito de la montaña mediterránea : aplicación a la cabecera del río Velez (Sistemas Béticos) (2013)

This article shows the theorical problems, elaboration steps and cartographic results of a qualitative and quantitative erosion state estimation methodology purpose.
Charge Transport and Structural Dynamics in Carboxylic-Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Mixtures (2014)

Charge transport and structural dynamics in the 1:2 mol ratio mixture of lidocaine and decanoic acid (LID-DA), a model deep eutectic mixture (DEM), have been characterized over a wide temperature range using broad-band dielectric spectroscopy and depolarized dynamic light scattering. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements were performed to assess the degree of proton transfer between the neutral parent molecules. From our detailed analysis of the dielectric spectra, we have determined that this carboxylic-acid-based DEM is approximately 25% ionic at room temperature. Furthermore, we have found that the characteristic diffusion rate of mobile charge carriers is practically identical to the rate of structural relaxation at all measured temperatures, indicating that fast proton transport does not occur in LID-DA. Our results demonstrate that while LID-DA exhibits the thermal characteristics of a DEM, its charge transport properties resemble those of a protic ionic liquid.
The Transmission of Blue-tongue and Horse-sickness by Culicoides. (1944)

The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. &#13;\nAdobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.
Start-time fair queueing (1996)

We present Start-time Fair Queuing (SFQ) algorithm that is computationally efficient, achieves fairness regardless of variation in a server capacity, and has the smallest fairness measure among all known fair scheduling algorithms. We analyze its throughput, single server delay, and end-to-end delay guarantee for variable rate Fluctuation Constrained (FC) and Exponentially Bounded Fluctuation (EBF) servers. We show that SFQ is better suited than Weighted Fair Queuing for integrated services networks and it is strictly better than Self Clocked Fair Queuing. To support heterogeneous services and multiple protocol families in integrated services networks, we present a hierarchical SFQ scheduler and derive its performance bounds. Our analysis demonstrates that SFQ is suitable for integrated services networks since it: (1) achieves low average as well as maximum delay for low-throughput applications (e.g., interactive audio, telnet, etc.); (2) provides fairness which is desirable for VBR video; (3) provides fairness, regardless of variation in a server capacity, for throughput-intensive, flow-controlled data applications; (4) enables hierarchical link sharing which is desirable for managing heterogeneity; and (5) is computationally efficient.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (±)-Labdane-8α,15-diol and (±)-Eperuane-8β,15-diol (1988)

Abstract (±)-Labdane-8α,15-diol and (±)-eperuane-8β,15-diol, diastereomeric diterpenes to each other, were prepared separately and stereoselectively, via a common 7-membered lactone from the known tricyclic keto alcohol.
Blockade of CGRP Receptors in the Intracranial Vasculature: A New Target in the Treatment of Headache (2004)

In primary headaches, there is a clear association between the headache and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) but not with any of the other neuronal messengers. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of CGRP in the intracranial circulation and to elucidate a possible role for a specific CGRP receptor antagonist in the treatment of primary headaches. Acute treatment with a 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist (triptan) results in alleviation of the headache and normalization of the cranial venous CGRP levels, in part due to a presynaptic inhibitory effect on sensory nerves. The central role of CGRP in migraine and cluster headache pathophysiology has led to the search for small molecule CGRP antagonists with few cardiovascular side-effects. The initial pharmacological profile of such a group of compounds has recently been disclosed. One of these compounds has been found to be efficacious in the relief of acute attacks of migraine.
Clinical Aspects of Endometriosis (2002)

Endometriosis is one of the most commonly encountered gynecologic diseases requiring medical and/or surgical therapy. It is a leading cause of hysterectomy in the United States and has significant associated morbidity. The most frequent symptoms of genital tract endometriosis are dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. Endometriosis occurs in the pelvis, most commonly the ovaries and the dependent areas covered with peritoneum. Diagnosis requires surgical intervention and is usually made by laparoscopy. In women being evaluated for pelvic pain, the diagnosis of endometriosis is made frequently (40-60%) and varies with the population being studied. Infertility and endometriosis have long been associated. Although women with infertility may have pelvic pain, subfertility (20-30%) can be the only presenting symptom. In asymptomatic women, the diagnosis of endometriosis ranges from 2% to 22% of reproductive-age women. Its true incidence and natural history remain to be clarified. Endometriosis is a significant public health issue because of the large number of women it affects and the significant morbidity associated with this disease.
Synthesis and Functional Characterization of Novel Sialyl LewisX Mimic-Decorated Liposomes for E-selectin-Mediated Targeting to Inflamed Endothelial Cells (2017)

Sialyl LewisX (sLeX) is a natural ligand of E-selectin that is overexpressed by inflamed and tumor endothelium. Although sLeX is a potential ligand for drug targeting, synthesis of the tetrasaccharide is complicated with many reaction steps. In this study, structurally simplified novel sLeX analogues were designed and linked with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-2000 (DSPE-PEG) for E-selectin-mediated liposomal delivery. The sLeX structural simplification strategies include (1) replacement of the Gal-GlcNAc disaccharide unit with lactose to reduce many initial steps and (2) substitution of neuraminic acid with a negatively charged group, i.e., 3'-sulfo, 3'-carboxymethyl (3'-CM), or 3'-(1-carboxy)ethyl (3'-CE). While all the liposomes developed were similar in particle size and charge, the 3'-CE sLeX mimic liposome demonstrated the highest uptake in inflammatory cytokine-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), being even more potent than native sLeX-decorated liposomes. Inhibition studies using antiselectin antibodies revealed that their uptake was mediated primarily by overexpressed E-selectin on inflamed HUVECs. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to gain mechanistic insight into the E-selectin binding differences among native and mimic sLeX. The terminally branched methyl group of the 3'-CE sLeX mimic oriented and faced the bulk hydrophilic solution during E-selectin binding. Since this state is entropically unfavorable, the 3'-CE sLeX mimic molecule might be pushed toward the binding pocket of E-selectin by a hydrophobic effect, leading to a higher probability of hydrogen-bond formation than native sLeX and the 3'-CM sLeX mimic. This corresponded with the fact that the 3'-CE sLeX mimic liposome exhibited much greater uptake than the 3'-CM sLeX mimic liposome.
Expression of nerve growth factor receptors and their prognostic value in human breast cancer (2001)

International audience
The geometry of beam tracing (1985)

A solution to the hidden surface elimination problem called Beam Tracing is described. Beam tracing is related to ray tracing but uses spatial coherence within the scene, and area coherence within the image to batch computations. Beam tracing is an object space solution to the hidden surface problem.
Synthesis of small silver nanocubes in a hydrophobic solvent by introducing oxidative etching with Fe(iii) species (2010)

The role of oxidative etching in the synthesis of noble-metal nanocrystals with a hydrophilic solvent (in particular, ethylene glycol) has been explored in our previous work. In this paper, we demonstrate that the mechanism of oxidative etching could be extended to the synthesis of single-crystal Ag nanocrystals in a hydrophobic solvent such as isoamyl ether. In this case, Fe(III) species in the form of FeCl3 or Fe(acac)3 had to be introduced into the hydrophobic system as an effective etching agent. The final product contained single-crystal Ag nanocubes (slightly truncated) with an edge length as small as ∼13.5 nm, a size that has been difficult to achieve using a hydrophilic system.
Synthesis of medium-ring benzoic acid lactones (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of medium-ring benzoic acid lactonesH. Immer and J. F. BagliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 6, 2457–2462Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01270a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01270a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antitumor Activities of 2-Methoxyestradiol on Cervical and Endometrial Cancers In Vitro and In Vivo (2004)

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME), a metabolite of 17β-estradiol, is a potent antitumor and antiangiogenesis agent in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 2-ME on human cervical and endometrial cancers in vitro and in vivo. Human cervical cancer HeLaS3 cells, endometrial cancer HEC-1-A and RL-95-2 cells, and severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice were used. On cervical cancer HeLaS3 cells, 2-ME inhibited the cell growth which is accompanied by apoptosis via iNOS pathway and by G2/M cell cycle arrest. 2-ME had slight effects on normal cervical epithelial cells. In vivo on SCID mice, 2-ME (75 mg/kg p.o.) inhibited the growth of human cervical carcinoma by 34% (p &lt; 0.05) and showed slight side effects to liver and spleen. On human endometrial cancer cells (HEC-1-A and RL-95-2 cells), 2-ME inhibited the growth by blocking cell cycle progress in S- and G2/M-phase in both cell types, and by inducing apoptosis in HEC-1-A cells and by causing necrosis in RL-95-2 cells. 2-ME had no effects on normal endometrial cells. The apoptotic effect, in HEC-1-A cells, was prevented by iNOS-inhibitor 1400W and eliminated by Caspase-inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. The necrosis, on RL-95-2 cells, was due to a severe disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Unfortunately, 2-ME had no significant effects on endometrial cancer xenografts. It showed slight toxicity to liver, spleen and proliferative effect on uterus. In conclusion, 2-ME inhibits the growth of human cervical and endometrial cancer cells in vitro. However, a weaker anti-tumor effect was observed in our animal model and 2-ME was slightly toxic to liver and spleen. Considering the proliferative effect on uterus, 2-ME might not be a suitable therapeutic agent in gynecological tumors.
TTS synthesis with bidirectional LSTM based recurrent neural networks (2014)

Feed-forward, Deep neural networks (DNN)-based text-tospeech (TTS) systems have been recently shown to outperform decision-tree clustered context-dependent HMM TTS systems [1, 4]. However, the long time span contextual effect in a speech utterance is still not easy to accommodate, due to the intrinsic, feed-forward nature in DNN-based modeling. Also, to synthesize a smooth speech trajectory, the dynamic features are commonly used to constrain speech parameter trajectory generation in HMM-based TTS [2]. In this paper, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BLSTM) cells are adopted to capture the correlation or co-occurrence information between any two instants in a speech utterance for parametric TTS synthesis. Experimental results show that a hybrid system of DNN and BLSTM-RNN, i.e., lower hidden layers with a feed-forward structure which is cascaded with upper hidden layers with a bidirectional RNN structure of LSTM, can outperform either the conventional, decision tree-based HMM, or a DNN TTS system, both objectively and subjectively. The speech trajectory generated by the BLSTM-RNN TTS is fairly smooth and no dynamic constraints are needed.
Energy-Efficient DRX Scheduling for QoS Traffic in LTE Networks (2011)

LTE has been touted as a leading-edge mobile communication technology offering high data rate and low latency. However, with a sophisticated physical layer to boost performance, the processing demand on user equipment (UE) is tremendous, which implies that the energy consumption is heavy. To curb undesirable energy waste and extend battery life, a variety of energy-conserving measures have been developed, among which discontinuous reception (DRX) is shown to be useful. This paper introduces the light sleeping mode in order to further improve the performance of DRX for traffic with QoS requirements in LTE networks. The key idea of light sleeping is to turn off the power amplifier but leave the other components in the transceiver on to cut down energy consumption while allowing fast wakeup. Quantitative analysis shows that the proposed method can substantially reduce energy consumption and satisfy the delay requirement of QoS traffic.
Phase Behavior of Elastin-Like Synthetic Recombinamers in Deep Eutectic Solvents (2012)

Deep eutectic solvents promoted the stabilization of the collapsed state of elastin-like recombinamers - and the subsequent formation of aggregates - upon the loss of the structural water molecules involved in hydrophobic hydration. Cryo-etch scanning electron microscopy allowed the observation of these aggregates in neat deep eutectic solvents. The suppression of the lower critical solution temperature transition, observed by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic light scattering, confirmed the presence of the elastin-like recombinamers in their collapsed state. Actually, the transition from the collapsed to the expanded state was suppressed even after moderate aqueous dilution - for water contents ranging from nil to ca. 45 wt % - and it was only recovered upon further addition of water - above 50 wt %. These features revealed the preferred stabilization of the collapsed state in not only neat deep eutectic solvents but also partially hydrated deep eutectic solvents. We consider that the capability to trigger the lower critical solution temperature transition by partial hydration of deep eutectic solvent may open interesting perspectives for nano(bio)technological applications of elastin-like recombinamers.
Primary structure of leader RNA and nucleoprotein genes of the rabies genome: segmented homology with VSV (1986)

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the 3'region of the rabies genome (PV strain). This work is a first step in a project aimed at establishing the complete primary structure. From the 3'nucleotide sequence of the RNA genome, an octadecanucleotide complementary to the 3'extremity was constructed and used to prime cDNA synthesis. Two overlapping recombinant cDNA clones hybridizing with the nucleoprotein mRNA (NmRNA) were isolated and sequenced. The 1500 first nucleotides of the rabies genome cover two transcriptional units: the leader RNA and the NmRNA which was shown to be initiated around residue 59 by S1 nuclease protection experiments. Comparison between rabies PV and CVS strains up to residue 180 suggests a rapid evolution in the leader region. Studies of the sequence relationships between the 3'regions of two Rhabdoviruses, rabies virus and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), demonstrate that there is a segmented homology. Stretches of highly conserved amino acids possibly involved in the interaction with the RNA genome were observed in the N protein, despite a wide divergence in the remaining sequence. In addition, the high homology between the transcription start and stop signals reflects the conservation of a similar transcriptional mechanism in these two non segmented negative strand RNA viruses.