gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induced and pre-existing anti-polyethylene glycol antibody in a trial of every 3-week dosing of pegloticase for refractory gout, including in organ transplant recipients (2014)

ClincalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00111657.
Parallel Tracking and Mapping on a camera phone (2009)

Camera phones are a promising platform for hand-held augmented reality. As their computational resources grow, they are becoming increasingly suitable for visual tracking tasks. At the same time, they still offer considerable challenges: Their cameras offer a narrow field-of-view not best suitable for robust tracking; images are often received at less than 15 Hz; long exposure times result in significant motion blur; and finally, a rolling shutter causes severe smearing effects. This paper describes an attempt to implement a keyframe-based SLAMsystem on a camera phone (specifically, the Apple iPhone 3 G). We describe a series of adaptations to the Parallel Tracking and Mapping system to mitigate the impact of the device's imaging deficiencies. Early results demonstrate a system capable of generating and augmenting small maps, albeit with reduced accuracy and robustness compared to SLAM on a PC.
The Oxazolidinone Linezolid Inhibits Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria (1998)

The oxazolidinones represent a new class of antimicrobial agents which are active against multidrug-resistant staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci. Previous studies have demonstrated that oxazolidinones inhibit bacterial translation in vitro at a step preceding elongation but after the charging of N-formylmethionine to the initiator tRNA molecule. The event that occurs between these two steps is termed initiation. Initiation of protein synthesis requires the simultaneous presence of N-formylmethionine-tRNA, the 30S ribosomal subunit, mRNA, GTP, and the initiation factors IF1, IF2, and IF3. An initiation complex assay measuring the binding of [3H]N-formylmethionyl-tRNA to ribosomes in response to mRNA binding was used in order to investigate the mechanism of oxazolidinone action. Linezolid inhibited initiation complex formation with either the 30S or the 70S ribosomal subunits from Escherichia coli. In addition, complex formation with Staphylococcus aureus 70S tight-couple ribosomes was inhibited by linezolid. Linezolid did not inhibit the independent binding of either mRNA or N-formylmethionyl-tRNA to E. coli 30S ribosomal subunits, nor did it prevent the formation of the IF2-N-formylmethionyl-tRNA binary complex. The results demonstrate that oxazolidinones inhibit the formation of the initiation complex in bacterial translation systems by preventing formation of the N-formylmethionyl-tRNA-ribosome-mRNA ternary complex.
A multi-party protocol for constructing the public parameters of the Pinocchio zk-SNARK. (2017)

Recent efficient constructions of zero-knowledge Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (zk-SNARKs), require a setup phase in which a common-reference string (CRS) with a certain structure is generated. This CRS is sometimes referred to as the public parameters of the system, and is used for constructing and verifying proofs. A drawback of these constructions is that whomever runs the setup phase subsequently possesses trapdoor information enabling them to produce fraudulent pseudoproofs.
Regulation of the selenoprotein SelS by glucose deprivation and endoplasmic reticulum stress – SelS is a novel glucose‐regulated protein (2004)

SelS is a newly identified selenoprotein and its gene expression is up-regulated in the liver of Psammomys obesus after fasting. We have examined whether SelS is regulated by glucose deprivation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in HepG2 cells. Glucose deprivation and the ER stress inducers tunicamycin and thapsigargin increased SelS gene expression and protein content several-fold in parallel with glucose-regulated protein 78. The overexpression of SelS increased Min6 cell resistance to oxidative stress-induced toxicity. These results indicate that SelS is a novel member of the glucose-regulated protein family and its function is related to the regulation of cellular redox balance.
Antineoplastic agents. 257. Isolation and structure of spongistatin 1 (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntineoplastic agents. 257. Isolation and structure of spongistatin 1George R. Pettit, Zbigniew A. Chicacz, Feng Gao, Cherry L. Herald, Michael R. Boyd, Jean M. Schmidt, and John N. A. HooperCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 6, 1302–1304Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00058a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views598Altmetric-Citations247LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (294 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Can interleukin-15 keep its therapeutic promise? (2018)

The search continues for a therapeutic niche for interleukin-15 in human cancer treatment.
Diagnosis-Independent Alzheimer Disease Biomarker Signature in Cognitively Normal Elderly People (2010)

The mixture modeling approach, totally independent of clinical AD diagnosis, correctly classified patients with AD. The unexpected presence of the AD signature in more than one-third of cognitively normal subjects suggests that AD pathology is active and detectable earlier than has heretofore been envisioned.
Molecular cloning, cDNA structure and predicted amino acid sequence of bovine 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐ene steroid dehydrogenase/Δ5‐Δ4 isomerase (1989)

We have used our recently characterized human 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐ene steroid dehydrogenase/Δ 5 ‐Δ 4 ‐isomerase (3β‐HSD) cDNA as probe to isolate cDNAs encoding bovine 3β‐HSD from a bovine ovary λgtll cDNA library. Nucleotide sequence analysis of two overlapping cDNA clones of 1362 bp and 1536 bp in length predicts a protein of 372 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 42093 (excluding the first Met). The deduced amino acid sequence of bovine 3β‐HSD displays 79% homology with human 3β‐HSD while the nucleotide sequence of the coding region shares 82% interspecies similarity. Hybridization of cloned cDNAs to bovine ovary poly(A) + RNA shows the presence of an approximately 1.7 kb mRNA species.
Intercellular adhesion molecule-3 on endothelial cells. Expression in tumors but not in inflammatory responses. (1996)

Intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3) was identified as the third counter-receptor for lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. ICAM-3 is absent on endothelial cells in normal tissues but found on endothelial cells in lymphomas. Here, we examined ICAM-3 expression on vascular endothelial cells in lymphomas, nonlymphoid malignancies, benign tumors, and inflammatory diseases. We compared the expression of ICAM-3 on endothelial cells with the severity of inflammatory infiltrates and with the presence of E-selectin and VCAM-1. We found that ICAM-3 expression on endothelial cells was high on both benign and malignant tumors whereas it was low in inflammatory diseases. In contrast to E-selectin, ICAM-3 expression on endothelial cells was not correlated to the severity of inflammatory infiltrates. In hemangiomas, we showed by Northern blot analysis and immunocytochemistry that ICAM-3 expression was induced and that it was localized in immature areas that sustain the early stages of angiogenesis. Therefore, expression of ICAM-3 on blood vessels does not seem to play a role in the recruitment of leukocytes during inflammation but rather is correlated with angiogenesis and tumor development.
IGOR: image guided operating robot (1991)

Existing imaging devices can be used to plan complex medical and surgical interventions. Advances in robotics provide the opportunity of assisting the physician or the surgeon in performing the intervention. Assisting both planning and performing of interventions first raises problems of matching of various multimodality data. Then the performance of an intervention with a partially autonomous system gives specific problems which are discussed. A general methodology for computer assisted medical interventions is proposed, which turns out to be a particular case of the classical loop of perception-decision-action. Clinical applications are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Protection of pigs against Aujeszky's disease by DNA vaccination. (1997)

Vaccination with DNA constructs encoding viral antigens has been shown to induce antiviral immunity in various model hosts. However, relevant natural virus-host systems have so far been analysed to only a very limited extent. To test the efficacy of DNA vaccination in an economically important large animal, pigs were immunized against Aujeszky's disease, a serious virus infection caused by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PrV), which is characterized by severe central nervous and respiratory symptoms. After vaccination with plasmid vectors containing genes for immunogenic envelope glycoproteins C or D (gC or gD) of PrV under control of the major immediate early promotor of human cytomegalovirus, animals developed serum antibodies which recognized the respective antigen in immunoblot and exhibited neutralizing activity. Animals vaccinated with the gC expression plasmid were fully protected against a lethal challenge with PrV strain 75V19, and showed partial protection against the highly virulent NIA-3 strain. In contrast, protection was not observed after vaccination with the gD plasmid. Three intramuscular or intradermal immunizations with as little as 1 microgram of gC plasmid DNA resulted in sero-conversion and partial protection against lethal NIA-3 Infection. Specific antibodies were detected until at least 9 months after vaccination. In addition, a cellular immune response specific for gC could be demonstrated in proliferation assays of peripheral mononuclear lymphocytes. Our results thus demonstrate the potency of DNA vaccination for protection of large animals against a lethal virus infection.
neu and ras initiate murine mammary tumors that share genetic markers generally absent in c-myc and int-2-initiated tumors. (1994)

We have previously shown that each of four activated oncogenes (c-myc, neu, ras, and int-2) can serve as transgenic initiators of morphologically distinct adenocarcinomas of the murine mammary gland. Since abnormalities of these oncogenes are found frequently in human breast cancers, such differences are of particular interest. Thus, the distinctiveness of each murine tumor type might reflect a relationship between a specific oncogene and a susceptible target cell or might reflect distinctive changes brought about by the idiosyncratic action of each oncogene. We have identified six genes (two of them novel) expressed in tumors initiated by neu, but usually absent from tumors initiated by c-myc. The expression of these genes (kappa-casein, transferrin, cellular retinol binding protein I (CRBPI), WDNM1, and the two novel ones) cannot be induced in c-myc-initiated tumors by the introduction of an activated neu oncogene nor can their expression be inhibited in neu-initiated tumors by the introduction of c-myc. Therefore, these genes appear to represent markers of a cell type preferentially transformed by neu. Further analysis reveals that the six markers are also expressed by ras-initiated mammary tumors, but not by int-2-initiated tumors suggesting that neu/ras-initiated tumors share a common cellular lineage and/or a common signal transduction pathway. Interestingly, one of the novel marker genes (Mat-8) appears to encode a cell-surface chloride channel and the other, a secreted protein with homologies to glycosyl hydrolases, both of which might be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of specific mammary tumors.
Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of Halide Adsorption and Concomitant Change of Surface Excess of Water on Highly Ordered Au(111) (1997)

An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) has been applied to a quantitative adsorption study of halide anions such as I-, Br-, Cl-, and F-, as well as the change in the surface excess of water directly related to the halide adsorption on a highly ordered Au(111) electrode. It was found that the strength of halide adsorption decreases in the sequence I- > Br- > Cl- > F-. The potential dependent surface coverage of halide anions and the concomitant change of surface excess of water were determined. The maximum coverages of I-, Br-, and Cl- on Au(111) before the onset of the halide oxidation were 0.43, 0.56, and 0.53, respectively, which are in good agreement with reported values determined by other methods. The water molecules on the surface were found to be expelled by close-packed adsorption of halides. The adsorption behavior of halide anions has been discussed extensively. This work has demonstrated that the combination of EQCM with single crystal electrodes can yield a wealth of information on the surface process, especially when it is accompanied with adsorption of electrochemically inactive species.
Quantum fault tolerance in small experiments (2016)

I discuss a variety of issues relating to near-future experiments demonstrating fault-tolerant quantum computation. I describe a family of fault-tolerant quantum circuits that can be performed with 5 qubits arranged on a ring with nearest-neighbor interactions. I also present a criterion whereby we can say that an experiment has succeeded in demonstrating fault tolerance. Finally, I discuss the possibility of using future fault-tolerant experiments to answer important questions about the interaction of fault-tolerant protocols with real experimental errors.
Immunization of colorectal cancer patients with modified ovine submaxillary gland mucin and adjuvants induces IgM and IgG antibodies to sialylated Tn. (1992)

Tn and sialylated Tn (sTn) are blood group-related epitopes expressed on mucins of colon carcinoma and other epithelial tumors and are, therefore, potential targets for immunological control. We have immunized 20 colorectal cancer patients at high risk for recurrence with a vaccine consisting of partially desialylated ovine submaxillary gland mucin (modified OSM) which contains both Tn and sTn determinants. Six patients were treated with modified OSM alone (group 1), eight patients were treated with modified OSM and the immunological adjuvant DETOX (group 2), and six patients were treated with modified OSM and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (group 3). Pre- and postvaccination sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dot blot immune stains for antibodies reactive with modified OSM. Antibody titers increased in 4 of 8 patients immunized with modified OSM and DETOX, in 5 of 6 patients immunized with modified OSM and B. Calmette-Guérin, and in 0 of 6 patients receiving modified OSM without adjuvant. The specificity of induced IgM and IgG antibodies was confirmed by demonstrating reactivity with OSM, bovine submaxillary mucin, and synthetic glycoconjugates sTn-human serum albumin (HSA) and Tn-HSA in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immune stains. Median IgM pre-postvaccination reciprocal titers were 20/80 for Tn-HSA and 10/320 for sTn-HSA. Low level IgG antibody titers against sTn-HSA were detected after vaccination in 7 patients. Toxicity was limited to inflammatory skin reactions at the site of vaccination resulting from the adjuvants. No inflammatory infiltrates were seen in the skin when the modified OSM vaccine was administered in the absence of an immunological adjuvant. These results demonstrate that sTn and Tn can be recognized by the human immune system and that vaccines containing these structures can be administered safely with immunological adjuvants. Attempts to augment the immunogenicity of these carbohydrate antigens by covalent attachment to immunogenic carrier proteins and the use of more potent immunological adjuvants are now being pursued.
Purification, pH Stability and Sedimentation Properties of the T7 Bacteriophage of Escherichia Coli (1949)

Summary Concentration and purification of the T7 bacteriophage of Escherichia coli, strain B, has been effected through the combined procedures of preliminary centrifugation in the Sharples supercentrifuge, filtration of the concentrate through a Mandler candle and two cycles of alternate low- and high-speed spinning in the vacuum ultracentrifuge. Preliminary chemical analysis showed contents of N 12.3; P, 3.8; and carbohydrate, 16.5 and 16.8 per cent, the latter values obtained by copper-reduction and orcinol methods, respectively. The nucleic-acid content calculated on the basis of P was about 38 per cent. The diphenylamine reaction was positive, and evidence of the presence of glucose and ribose was obtained by paper chromatography. The apparent partial specific volume was dependent on virus concentration. The value of the partial specific volume obtained with 12.1 mg virus per ml was V = 0.68. The average yield of phage was 0.61 mg per liter of lysate, giving a total of 197 mg phage from 323 liters of lysate. The lytic unit of the purified material was 10−15.4 g. The pH-range optimum for stability of infectivity was 6 to 8, and that for physical stability of the virus particles, studied in the ultracentrifuge, was 5 to 10. In the range of stability, a single sharp boundary was observed and the sedimentation-rate was essentially constant in this region, having a value of about 470 S. Beyond this range at both ends, degradation occurred giving rise to two components, 464 S and 19 S on the alkaline side and 381 S and 35 S on the acid side. The sedimentation-constant at pH 6.9 was dependent on virus concentration, declining from values of about 470 S at concentrations of 4.7 to 0.25 mg per ml to 325 S at 0.021 mg phage per ml. Electron-micrographs revealed essentially spherical particles with a bilobular arrangement of internal structures; the diameter of the images in conventional micrographs was 51 mμ and that in shadowed preparations 73 mμ.
Differential expression of three T lymphocyte-activating CXC chemokines by human atheroma-associated cells (1999)

Activated T lymphocytes accumulate early in atheroma formation and persist at sites of lesion growth and rupture, suggesting that they may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Moreover, atherosclerotic lesions contain the Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma, a potentiator of atherosclerosis. The present study demonstrates the differential expression of the 3 IFN-gamma-inducible CXC chemokines--IFN-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig), and IFN-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC)--by atheroma-associated cells, as well as the expression of their receptor, CXCR3, by all T lymphocytes within human atherosclerotic lesions in situ. Atheroma-associated endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and macrophages (MO) all expressed IP-10, whereas Mig and I-TAC were mainly expressed in ECs and MO, as detected by double immunofluorescence staining. ECs of microvessels within lesions also expressed abundant I-TAC. In vitro experiments supported these results and showed that IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and CD40 ligand potentiated IP-10 expression from IFN-gamma-stimulated ECs. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) treatment decreased IFN-gamma induction of IP-10. Our findings suggest that the differential expression of IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC by atheroma-associated cells plays a role in the recruitment and retention of activated T lymphocytes observed within vascular wall lesions during atherogenesis.
Chronic Subclinical Inflammation as Part of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (2000)

We suggest that chronic subclinical inflammation is part of IRS. CRP, a predictor of cardiovascular events in previous reports, was independently related to S(I). These findings suggest potential benefits of anti-inflammatory or insulin-sensitizing treatment strategies in healthy individuals with features of IRS.
Detection of a rare BCR–ABL tyrosine kinase fusion protein in H929 multiple myeloma cells using immunoprecipitation (IP)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) (2012)

Hypothesis directed proteomics offers higher throughput over global analyses. We show that immunoprecipitation (IP)–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in H929 multiple myeloma (MM) cancer cells led to the discovery of a rare and unexpected BCR–ABL fusion, informing a therapeutic intervention using imatinib (Gleevec). BCR–ABL is the driving mutation in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and is uncommon to other cancers. Three different IP–MS experiments central to cell signaling pathways were sufficient to discover a BCR–ABL fusion in H929 cells: phosphotyrosine (pY) peptide IP, p85 regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) IP, and the GRB2 adaptor IP. The pY peptides inform tyrosine kinase activity, p85 IP informs the activating adaptors and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved in AKT activation and GRB2 IP identifies RTKs and adaptors leading to ERK activation. Integration of the bait–prey data from the three separate experiments identified the BCR–ABL protein complex, which was confirmed by biochemistry, cytogenetic methods, and DNA sequencing revealed the e14a2 fusion transcript. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 and the GAB2 adaptor protein, important for MAPK signaling, were common to all three IP–MS experiments. The comparative treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs revealed only imatinib, the standard of care in CML, was inhibitory to BCR–ABL leading to down-regulation of pERK and pS6K and inhibiting cell proliferation. These data suggest a model for directed proteomics from patient tumor samples for selecting the appropriate TKI drug(s) based on IP and LC-MS/MS. The data also suggest that MM patients, in addition to CML patients, may benefit from BCR–ABL diagnostic screening.