gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Late Phase of Preconditioning (2000)

Unlike the early phase of preconditioning (PC), which lasts 2 to 3 hours and protects against infarction but not against stunning, the late phase of PC lasts 3 to 4 days and protects against both infarction and stunning, suggesting that it may have greater clinical relevance. It is now clear that late PC is a polygenic phenomenon that requires the simultaneous activation of multiple stress-responsive genes. Chemical signals released by a sublethal ischemic stress (such as NO, reactive oxygen species, and adenosine) trigger a complex cascade of signaling events that includes the activation of protein kinase C, Src protein tyrosine kinases, and nuclear factor kappaB and culminates in increased synthesis of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, aldose reductase, Mn superoxide dismutase, and probably other cardioprotective proteins. An analogous sequence of events can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, such as heat stress, exercise, and cytokines. Thus, late PC appears to be a universal response of the heart to stress in general. Importantly, the cardioprotective effects of late PC can be reproduced pharmacologically with clinically relevant agents (eg, NO donors, adenosine receptor agonists, endotoxin derivatives, or opioid receptor agonists), suggesting that this phenomenon might be exploited for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this review is to summarize current information regarding the pathophysiology and mechanism of late PC.
Phase-only predistortion for LINC amplifiers with Chireix-outphasing combiners (2005)

Nonlinearities in linear amplification with nonlinear components (LINC) amplifiers using Chireix-outphasing combiners are studied and their sources are identified. A generalized analytical approach for finding phase-only predistortion functions to linearize these amplifiers is presented. Two distinct analytical solutions are found and are applied for phase-only linearization. The first solution consists of a static constant phase predistortion, which is introduced in one of the two RF amplifier branches. This constant phase is determined analytically as function of the value of the reactance of the stub used in the Chireix combiner. The second solution is a variable phase-distortion function, which is derived in explicit form. The two predistortion functions preserve constant envelope operation of the amplifiers. The impact of the two predistortion functions on the combiner efficiency is also investigated. It is found, through simulation with a code-division multiple-access signal and an experimental measurement with a 16 quadrature-amplifier-modulation signal that the two predistortion functions perfectly linearize the amplifier. It also shown analytically that, with perfect linearity, the efficiency of Chireix-outphasing amplifier is reduced and is, at best, equal to that of the LINC amplifier with a resistive combiner.
In vitro effects of HgCl2 on murine lymphocytes. I. Preferable activation of CD4+ T cells in a responder strain. (1995)

Mercury-induced autoimmune disorders have been demonstrated in rats and mice injected with HgCl2. We have studied the ability of HgCl2 to activate murine lymphocytes in vitro and found that it induced increased DNA synthesis, which peaked at days 4 to 6. Other metal ions, such as Mg2+ and Zn2+, had no or much less effect. Consistent with the in vivo studies, there were strain differences, and the most significant increase in thymidine uptake was induced in A.SW and BALB/c spleen cells. Both T lymphocytes and adherent cells were required for activation, and anti-CD4 Ab completely abrogated HgCl2-induced proliferation, suggesting the involvement of T helper cells. Cell phenotype analysis demonstrated that HgCl2 induced both proliferation and transformation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from BALB/c mice (responder strain). In contrast, only CD8+ T cells from the nonresponder DBA/2 mice were transformed. These findings indicate that helper T cells play a crucial role for the immunologic effects caused by HgCl2 and determine the ability of different mouse strains to respond to HgCl2.
Influence of Polymer-Pore Interactions on Translocation (2007)

We investigate the influence of polymer-pore interactions on the translocation dynamics using Langevin dynamics simulations. An attractive interaction can greatly improve the translocation probability. At the same time, it also increases the translocation time slowly for a weak attraction while an exponential dependence is observed for a strong attraction. For fixed driving force and chain length the histogram of translocation time has a transition from Gaussian distribution to long-tailed distribution with increasing attraction. Under a weak driving force and a strong attractive force, both the translocation time and the residence time in the pore show a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the chain length. Our simulations results are in good agreement with recent experimental data.
Gene structure of the Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin and evidence of its key role in gastric disease. (1994)

The gram negative, microaerophilic bacterium Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human gastric mucosa and establishes a chronic infection that is tightly associated with atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. Cloning of the H. pylori cytotoxin gene shows that the protein is synthesized as a 140-kD precursor that is processed to a 94-kD fully active toxin. Oral administration to mice of the purified 94-kD protein caused ulceration and gastric lesions that bear some similarities to the pathology observed in humans. The cloning of the cytotoxin gene and the development of a mouse model of human gastric disease will provide the basis for the understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis and the development of therapeutics and vaccines.
Protein binding of a DRPLA family through arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats is enhanced by extended polyglutamine (2000)

Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is one of the hereditary neurodegenerative disorders caused by expansion of CAG/glutamine repeats. To investigate the normal function of the DRPLA gene and the pathogenic mechanism of neuron death in specific areas of the brain, we isolated and analyzed a gene that shares a notable motif with DRPLA, arginine-glutamic acid (RE) dipeptide repeats. The gene isolated, designated RERE, has an open reading frame of 1566 amino acids, of which the C-terminal portion has 67% homology to DRPLA, whereas the N-terminal portion is distinctive. RERE also contains arginine-aspartic acid (RD) dipeptide repeats and putative nuclear localization signal sequences, but no polyglutamine tracts. RERE is expressed at a low level in most tissues examined. Immunoprecipitation and in vitro binding assays demonstrate that the DRPLA and RERE proteins bind each other, for which one of the RE repeats has a primary role, and extended polyglutamine enhances the binding. With engineered constructs fused with a tag, the RERE protein localized predominantly in the nucleus. Moreover, when RERE is overexpressed, the distribution of endogenous DRPLA protein alters from the diffused to the speckled pattern in the nucleus so as to co-localize with RERE. More RERE protein is recruited into nuclear aggregates of the DRPLA protein with extended polyglutamine than into those of pure polyglutamine. These results reveal a function for the DRPLA protein in the nucleus and the RE repeat in the protein-protein interaction.
Noninvasive monitoring of gene transfer using a reporter receptor imaged with a high-affinity peptide radiolabeled with 99mTc or 188Re. (2000)

These studies show the feasibility of imaging a 99mTc-labeled peptide's binding to a reporter receptor after in vivo gene transfer to tumor cells. The 188Re-labeled peptide worked equally well for this imaging approach and offers the additional advantage of energetic beta decay with potential therapeutic efficacy. 99mTc and 188Re are generator produced, an advantage for widespread availability and low cost, and both radioisotopes can be imaged with existing, high-resolution modalities. There is great potential for using 99mTc-labeled peptides for imaging gene transfer with the hSSTr2 reporter receptor, especially when the reporter correlates with the expression of therapeutic genes that can be included simultaneously in the gene therapy vector.
Integrated thin film capacitor arrays (1999)

To meet the further miniaturization in today's microelectronics industry, the process of making thin film capacitor arrays utilizing ferroelectric memory technology has been developed In this paper, results will be reported on the development of commercial thin film cap array devices using the sol-gel technique for high-K dielectric material integration. Compared to the traditional process, the procedure adopted had 4-fold processing time enhancement. The specific capacitance of 2500 nF/cm 2 has been achieved, which is at least an order of magnitude improvement in specific capacitance over current technology. Corresponding component density is greater than 200 components/cm 2 . The results of specific designs, electrical characterization and reliability are discussed.
Immunohistochemical study of human advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and growth factors in cardiac tissues of patients on maintenance dialysis and with kidney transplantation. (1998)

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common complications of dialysis and renal transplant patients, and high levels of AGE are present in end-stage renal failure. To address the potential involvement of AGE and growth factors in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications, we performed immunostaining using cardiac tissues from autopsy cases of patients on maintenance dialysis (10 cases), long-term surviving renal transplant patients with functioning grafts (8 cases), control subjects with normal renal function (7 cases) and non diabetic subjects with mild renal insufficiency (8 cases). We used two types of AGE-antibodies, 6D12 [monoclonal anti-AGE antibody, recognizing N epsilon-(carboxymethyl) lysine(CML)-modified AGE] (oxidative AGE) and non-CML-PA [polyclonal, not recognizing CML], and antibodies against PDGFs, PDGF receptors and TGF beta. Positive 6D12 staining was observed in the coronary arterial walls and in macrophages. The accumulation of 6D12-reactive AGE in the coronary arterial walls of maintenance dialysis patients was significantly greater than that of control subjects (p < 0.05). Renal transplantation significantly reduced this accumulation (p < 0.05). On the other hand non-CML-PA mainly detected AGE in intracardiac arterioles and neural tissues. There was little difference in the accumulation of non-CML-AGE among the four groups. PDGFs and PDGF receptors were mainly detected in vascular endothelial cells and infiltrating cells of cardiac tissues of renal transplant patients, but not of maintenance dialysis patients. TGF beta was not detected in cardiovascular tissue of transplant patients. Our results indicated that the accumulation of oxidative AGE (CML-AGE) in the cardiac vascular tissue is one of the factors for cardiovascular complications of maintenance dialysis patients, and also that renal transplantation has a reducing effect on CML-AGE accumulation. PDGFs may be involved in the cardiovascular complications after renal transplantation.
Structure of the 1:1 complex between 4-amino-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulfonamide (sulfadimidine) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) (1988)

Cristallisation dans Pbca avec affinement jusqu'a 0,053. Le complexe resulte de l'association des deux composes par liaisons hydrogenes
Unconventional Layer-by-Layer Assembly for Functional Organic Thin Films (2010)

This chapter is to summarize different methods of unconventional LbL assembly, including electrostatic complex formation, hydrogen-bonded complex, block copolymer micelles and polymer-assisted complex. It will be noted that single charged or water-insoluble building blocks become self-assembling after these treatments in solution. When fabricating into multilayer thin films, this unconventional LbL assembly leads to development of new concept of surface imprinting, nanocontainers and nanoreactors.
Gated Hall effect measurements in high-mobility n-type Si/SiGe modulation-doped heterostructures (1995)

We report gated Hall effect measurements and the study of electron mobility versus density in high-mobility modulation-doped Si/SiGe heterostructures. Front and back gates have been used to control the electron density and the shape of the electron wave function in the strained Si channel. The gate control on the electron density is modeled using a self-consistent Schrödinger and Poisson equation solution. We find that the electron mobility μ increases with electron density n as μ∝nα, where α is 1.2–1.8 at low n, and 0.7–1.0 at high n. A peak mobility of 5.2×105 cm2/V s at 0.4 K, considerably higher than the value in comparable ungated structures, is achieved when the electron wave function is moved away from the top heterointerface towards the center of the Si channel.
Role of C5a in Multiorgan Failure During Sepsis (2001)

In humans with sepsis, the onset of multiorgan failure (MOF), especially involving liver, lungs, and kidneys, is a well known complication that is associated with a high mortality rate. Our previous studies with the cecal ligation/puncture (CLP) model of sepsis in rats have revealed a C5a-induced defect in the respiratory burst of neutrophils. In the current CLP studies, MOF occurred during the first 48 h with development of liver dysfunction and pulmonary dysfunction (falling arterial partial pressure of O(2), rising partial pressure of CO(2)). In this model an early respiratory alkalosis developed, followed by a metabolic acidosis with increased levels of blood lactate. During these events, blood neutrophils lost their chemotactic responsiveness both to C5a and to the bacterial chemotaxin, fMLP. Neutrophil dysfunction was associated with virtually complete loss in binding of C5a, but binding of fMLP remained normal. If CLP animals were treated with anti-C5a, indicators of MOF and lactate acidosis were greatly attenuated. Under the same conditions, C5a binding to blood neutrophils remained intact; in tandem, in vitro chemotactic responses to C5a and fMLP were retained. These data suggest that, in the CLP model of sepsis, treatment with anti-C5a prevents development of MOF and the accompanying onset of blood neutrophil dysfunction. This may explain the protective effects of anti-C5a in the CLP model of sepsis.
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Silver Bromide Complex as the Capping Agent of Gold Nanorods (2008)

A complex between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant and silver bromide (CTASB) is recognized by NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to be the entity at the surface of gold nanorods, resulting from an in situ formation in the classical scheme of synthesis. It can thus be introduced directly along with the initial reactants in place of silver(I) salt to produce a new effective synthesis of these objects. Complementary XPS and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements on macroscopic gold surfaces confirm a strong adsorption of CTASB that is higher than that of CTAB and any other CTAX surfactants. The role of CTASB as a rod inducing agent by surface complexation is stressed.
Plasmodium falciparum induces apoptosis in human mononuclear cells (1996)

The level of spontaneous apoptosis in short-term lymphocyte cultures was evaluated in different human immunodeficiency virus-negative groups of either healthy control individuals or patients with clinical malaria. The mean percentage of spontaneous apoptosis found in patients during a malaria attack was significantly higher than in sex- and age-matched healthy controls. The healthy asymptomatic controls were individuals with different degrees of exposure to Plasmodium falciparum as reflected by their various mean levels of specific anti-P. falciparum (immunoglobulin G and M) antibodies. The percentages of apoptotic nuclei were found to be significantly higher in lymphocytes from subjects living in an area where malaria is holoendemic than in lymphocytes from subjects less exposed. Concentrations of soluble plasma interleukin-2 receptor were also higher in subjects from areas where malaria is endemic than in other groups, revealing different levels of lymphocyte activation. Of particular relevance to the in vivo situation, a P. falciparum schizont-rich extract induced a systematic and significant elevation of apoptotic nuclei at day 6 in 87.5% (35 of 40) of the subjects tested. In additional studies with different concentrations of extract, [3H]thymidine incorporation was concomitant with a low or limited level of apoptosis. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that acute as well as chronic asymptomatic P. falciparum infections were consistently associated with a marked increase in the level of mononuclear cell apoptosis. This process could be implicated in some of the alterations reported for the proliferative T-cell responses in areas where malaria is endemic.
Fast Discovery of Spectrum Opportunities in Cognitive Radio Networks (2008)

We address the problem of rapidly discovering spectrum opportunities for seamless service provisioning for secondary users (SUs) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Specifically, we propose an efficient sensing-sequence that incurs a small opportunity-discovery delay by considering (1) the probability that a spectrum band (or a channel) may be available at the time of sensing, (2) the duration of sensing on a channel, and (3) the channel capacity. We derive the optimal sensing-sequence for channels with homogeneous capacities, and a suboptimal sequence for channels with heterogeneous capacities for which the problem of finding the optimal sensing-sequence is shown to be NP-hard. To support the proposed sensing-sequence, we also propose a channel-management strategy that optimally selects and updates the list of backup channels. A hybrid of maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference is also introduced for flexible estimation of ON/OFF channel-usage patterns and prediction of channel availability when sensing produces infrequent samples. The proposed schemes are evaluated via in-depth simulation. For the scenarios we considered, the proposed suboptimal sequence is shown to achieve close-to-optimal performance, reducing the opportunity-discovery delay by up to 47% over an existing probability-based sequence. The hybrid estimation strategy is also shown to outperform the ML-only strategy by reducing the overall opportunity-discovery delay by up to 34%.
Acoustooptic tunable filters in narrowband WDM networks: system issues and network applications (1990)

The system issues and network applications of acoustooptic tunable filters (AOTFs) are discussed. AOTFs are thought to be attractive system components in dense wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) networks because of their broad continuous electronic wavelength tunability and narrow filter bandwidth. Their unique multiwavelength filtering capability adds a greater dimension of flexibility to network design. The characteristics of the AOTF are reviewed from a system viewpoint and the performance and capabilities of bulk-devices, integrated-optic devices, and fiber-based devices are discussed and compared. Three network applications using the acoustooptic tunable filters are described. The first application is as wavelength-tunable receivers or taps for local users in a subscriber loop distribution network. The second is as multiwavelength tunable receivers in a broadcast local-area cross-connect for packet communication with very-high-throughput data rate. The third is as wavelength-selective space-division switch fabric for routing and cross-connect between central offices. Future prospects and various issues for future research are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
FAB-MAP: Probabilistic Localization and Mapping in the Space of Appearance (2008)

This paper describes a probabilistic approach to the problem of recognizing places based on their appearance. The system we present is not limited to localization, but can determine that a new observation comes from a previously unseen place, and so augment its map. Effectively this is a SLAM system in the space of appearance. Our probabilistic approach allows us to explicitly account for perceptual aliasing in the environment—identical but indistinctive observations receive a low probability of having come from the same place. We achieve this by learning a generative model of place appearance. By partitioning the learning problem into two parts, new place models can be learned online from only a single observation of a place. The algorithm complexity is linear in the number of places in the map, and is particularly suitable for online loop closure detection in mobile robotics.
The TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina/Non–ST Elevation MI (2000)

In patients with UA/NSTEMI, the TIMI risk score is a simple prognostication scheme that categorizes a patient's risk of death and ischemic events and provides a basis for therapeutic decision making. JAMA. 2000;284:835-842
lumi: a pipeline for processing Illumina microarray (2008)

The lumi Bioconductor package, www.bioconductor.org
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked Db does not induce an influenza‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte response or recycle membrane‐bound peptides (1995)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, as well as MHC class I-bound peptides, are known to recycle between the cell surface and an undefined, endosomal-like compartment. Little is known about the functional significance of this process. We have explored this using two different forms of the H-2Db molecule expressed in transgenic mice, either transmembranous (Db-tm) or with a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-lipid anchor (Db-GPI). The recycling capacity of peptides bound to Db-tm and Db-GPI was investigated using glycosylated Db-binding glycopeptides, which were detected by flow cytometry. Only the tm form of Db was found to readily internalize and recycle glycopeptides to the cell surface. When transgenic mice were immunized with influenza A virus (PR8) strain and tested for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against an immunedominant nucleoprotein epitope (366-374, ASNENMETM), only Db-tm mice were found to generate specific CTL responses. The results support the idea that membrane recycling of MHC class I-bound peptides on antigen-presenting cells may be important for the generation of certain CTL responses.
A Sub-Nyquist Rate Compressive Sensing Data Acquisition Front-End (2012)

This paper presents a sub-Nyquist rate data acquisition front-end based on compressive sensing theory. The front-end randomizes a sparse input signal by mixing it with pseudo-random number sequences, followed by analog-to-digital converter sampling at sub-Nyquist rate. The signal is then reconstructed using an L1-based optimization algorithm that exploits the signal sparsity to reconstruct the signal with high fidelity. The reconstruction is based on a priori signal model information, such as a multi-tone frequency-sparse model which matches the input signal frequency support. Wideband multi-tone test signals with 4% sparsity in 5~500 MHz band were used to experimentally verify the front-end performance. Single-tone and multi-tone tests show maximum signal to noise and distortion ratios of 40 dB and 30 dB, respectively, with an equivalent sampling rate of 1 GS/s. The analog front-end was fabricated in a 90 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and consumes 55 mW. The front-end core occupies 0.93 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .