gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostaglandins. X. Synthesis of prostaglandin models and prostaglandins by conjugage addition of a functionalized organocopper reagent (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProstaglandins. X. Synthesis of prostaglandin models and prostaglandins by conjugage addition of a functionalized organocopper reagentArthur F. Kluge, Karl G. Untch, and John H. FriedCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 22, 7827–7832Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00777a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00777a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2189Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Porcine polypyrimidine tract‐binding protein stimulates translation initiation at the internal ribosome entry site of foot‐and‐mouth‐disease virus (1996)

The cDNA for porcine polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (sPTB) was cloned. The sPTB amino acid sequence is highly homologous to the human PTB sequence (97% identity), and the sPTB sequence corresponds to that of the longest human PTB, PTB4. The specificity of binding in the UV-crosslink of sPTB to the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) is similar to that of human PTB. Purified recombinant sPTB efficiently stimulates internal translation initiation directed by the FMDV IRES in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate translation system from which the internal PTB had been depleted.
Self-consistent modelling of low-pressure RF discharges in oxygen plasma (1995)

A self-consistent numerical model has been developed for an RF plasma discharge in oxygen. The model contains about 100 ion-molecular reactions with 13 neutral and charged species of the RF plasma. The energy distributions of both charged and neutral plasma components with respect to the electrodes have been calculated using a Monte Carlo method. The angular distributions of fast neutral species have also been calculated.
Distinguishing between calpain heterodimerization and homodimerization (2009)

The two main mammalian calpains, 1 and 2, are heterodimers of a large 80 kDa and a small 28 kDa subunit that together bind multiple calcium ions during enzyme activation. The main contact between the two subunits of these intracellular cysteine proteases is through a pairing of the fifth EF-hand of their C-terminal penta-EF-hand (PEF) domains. From modeling studies and observation of crystal structures, it is not obvious why these calpains form heterodimers with the small subunit rather than homodimers of the large subunit, as suggested for calpain 3 (p94). Therefore, we have used a differential tagging system to determine which of the other PEF domain-containing calpains form heterodimers and which form homodimers. His6-tagged PEF domains of calpains 1, 3, 9 and 13 were coexpressed with the PEF domain of the small subunit that had been tagged with an antifreeze protein. As predicted, the PEF domain of calpain 1 heterodimerized and that of calpain 3 formed a homodimer. The PEF domain of digestive tract-specific calpain 9 heterodimerized with the small subunit, and that of calpain 13, prevalent in lung and testis, was mainly found as a homodimer with a small amount of heterodimer. These results indicate whether recombinant production of a particular calpain requires coexpression of the small subunit, and whether this calpain is likely to be active in a small subunit knockout mouse. Furthermore, as the endogenous inhibitor calpastatin binds to PEF domains on the large and small subunit, it is less likely that the homodimeric calpains 3 and 13 with two active sites will bind or be silenced by calpastatin.
Diagnostic utility of flow cytometric immunophenotyping in myelodysplastic syndrome (2001)

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are characterized by bilineage or trilineage dysplasia. Although diagnostic criteria are well established for MDS, a significant number of patients have blood and bone marrow findings that make diagnosis and classification difficult. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is an accurate and highly sensitive method for detection of quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in hematopoietic cells. Flow cytometry was used to study hematopoietic cell populations in the bone marrow of 45 patients with straightforward MDS. The results were compared with those obtained in a series of patients with aplastic anemia, healthy donors, and patients with a history of nonmyeloid neoplasia in complete remission. The immunophenotypic abnormalities associated with MDS were defined, and the diagnostic utility of flow cytometry was compared, with morphologic and cytogenetic evaluations in 20 difficult cases. Although morphology and cytogenetics were adequate for diagnosis in most cases, flow cytometry could detect immunophenotypic abnormalities in cases when combined morphology and cytogenetics were nondiagnostic. It is concluded that flow cytometric immunophenotyping may help establish the diagnosis of MDS, especially when morphology and cytogenetics are indeterminate. (Blood. 2001;98:979-987)
Camera positioning for global and local coverage optimization (2012)

In this paper, a novel method for optimum video camera positioning is presented, which maximizes visual coverage in complex indoor environments. Based on a suitable modeling of the camera field-of-view and of the environmental setup, the optimization procedure determines the most appropriate configuration of the sensors to satisfy a coverage target. The final configuration is achieved through the particle swarm optimizer (PSO). The proposed solution has been validated in different setups, taking into account the presence of obstacles, as well as various global and target coverage objectives. Results are provided for different configurations or real environments. © 2012 ACM.
Sepsis: From Pattern to Mechanism and Back (2012)

Sepsis is a clinical entity in which complex inflammatory and physiological processes are mobilized, not only across a range of cellular and molecular interactions, but also in clinically relevant physiological signals accessible at the bedside. There is a need for a mechanistic understanding that links the clinical phenomenon of physiologic variability with the underlying patterns of the biology of inflammation, and we assert that this can be facilitated through the use of dynamic mathematical and computational modeling. An iterative approach of laboratory experimentation and mathematical/computational modeling has the potential to integrate cellular biology, physiology, control theory, and systems engineering across biological scales, yielding insights into the control structures that govern mechanisms by which phenomena, detected as biological patterns, are produced. This approach can represent hypotheses in the formal language of mathematics and computation, and link behaviors that cross scales and domains, thereby offering the opportunity to better explain, diagnose, and intervene in the care of the septic patient.
Magnetism and microfluidics (2005)

Magnetic forces are now being utilised in an amazing variety of microfluidic applications. Magnetohydrodynamic flow has been applied to the pumping of fluids through microchannels. Magnetic materials such as ferrofluids or magnetically doped PDMS have been used as valves. Magnetic microparticles have been employed for mixing of fluid streams. Magnetic particles have also been used as solid supports for bioreactions in microchannels. Trapping and transport of single cells are being investigated and recently, advances have been made towards the detection of magnetic material on-chip. The aim of this review is to introduce and discuss the various developments within the field of magnetism and microfluidics.
Clinical and Genetic Studies of Renal Cell Carcinomas in a Family with a Constitutional Chromosome 3; 8 Translocation: Genetics of Familial Renal Carcinoma (1993)

This family illustrates the importance of clinical follow-up of patients with a hereditary cancer that can develop at multiple foci and recur over time. The inherited 3;8 translocation and loss of the translocated distal chromosome 3p in tumor specimens of family members may help localize the gene or genes involved in the pathogenesis of both familial and sporadic renal carcinoma.
Amino Acid Analysis: Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide As Solvent for the Ninhydrin Reaction (1968)

Abstract Methyl Cellosolve (the monomethyl ether of ethylene glycol) has been widely used as the organic solvent in ninhydrin reagents for amino acid analysis; it has, however, properties that are disadvantageous in a reagent for everyday employment. The solvent is toxic and it is difficult to keep the ether peroxide-free. A continuing effort to arrive at a chemically preferable and relatively nontoxic substitute for methyl Cellosolve has led to experiments with dimethyl sulfoxide, which proves to be a better solvent for the reduced form of ninhydrin (hydrindantin) than is methyl Cellosolve. Dimethyl sulfoxide can replace the latter, volume for volume, in a ninhydrin reagent mixture that gives equal performance and has improved stability. The result is a ninhydrin-hydrindantin solution in 75% dimethyl sulfoxide-25% 4 m lithium acetate buffer at pH 5.2. This type of mixture, with appropriate hydrindantin concentrations, is recommended to replace methyl Cellosolve-containing reagents in the quantitative determination of amino acids by automatic analyzers and by the manual ninhydrin method.
Cajolery or Command: Are Education Campaigns an Adequate Substitute for Regulation? (1984)

Between the mid-sixties and the mid-seventies, the so-called "consumer decade," Congress enacted a large number of consumer protection laws, many in the area of health and safety. In recent years, some of these laws and the regulations promulgated under them have inspired harsh criticism. Some critics, including many Reagan Administration appointees, have argued that rather than regulate, government should inform and educate the public about the risks associated with various hazards and let individuals choose whether or not to take the risks.
Structure-activity relationships of .beta.-D-(2S,5R)- and .alpha.-D-(2S,5S)-1,3-oxathiolanyl nucleosides as potential anti-HIV agents (1993)

The beta-D-(2S,5R)- and alpha-D-(2S,5S)-1,3-oxathiolanylpyrimidine and -purine nucleosides with natural nucleoside configuration were synthesized and evaluated against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells. The key intermediate 14, which was utilized for the synthesis of various nucleosides, was synthesized from D-mannose or D-galactose. Condensation of the acetate 14 with thymine, uracil, cytosine, and 5-substituted uracils and cytosines gave various pyrimidine nucleosides. The acetate 14 was also condensed with 6-chloropurine and 6-chloro-2-fluoropurine which were converted to various purine nucleosides. In the case of thymine, uracil, and 5-substituted uracil derivatives, most of the compounds did not exhibit any significant anti-HIV activity except 5-fluorouracil (alpha-isomer) derivative 55. Among 5-substituted cytosine analogues, 5-bromocytosine derivative (beta-isomer) 68 was found to be the most potent anti-HIV agent. In the case of purine derivatives, inosine analogue (beta-isomer) 78 was found to be the most potent anti-HIV agent in the 6-substituted purines and 2-amino-6-chloropurine derivative (beta-isomer) 90 showed the most potent activity in the 2,6-disubstituted purine series. The beta-isomers of 6-chloropurine (74), adenine (76), and N6-methyladenine (77) derivatives showed similar potencies against HIV-1, and the corresponding alpha-isomers also exhibited significant anti-HIV activity, although they were generally less potent than the beta-isomers.
Type 2 helper T-cell predominance and high CD30 expression in systemic sclerosis. (1997)

The pattern of cytokine production of skin-infiltrating T cells from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis was investigated. Most CD4+ T-cell clones generated from skin biopsy specimens showed a type 2 helper (Th2) cytokine profile (production of interleukin-4, but no interferon (IFN)-gamma). High interleukin-4 but little or no IFN-gamma mRNA expression was found by in situ hybridization in skin perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed CD30 expression by high numbers of CD4+ T cells in the same specimens. Finally, the great majority of patients with diffuse disease had elevated levels of soluble CD30 in their sera. These data suggest the existence in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis of a predominant activation of Th2-like T cells, which may account for the major alterations (endothelial cell injury, fibrosis, and autoantibody production) occurring in this disease.
Virus taxonomy: classification and nomenclature of viruses. Seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. (2000)

The practical need to partition the world of viruses into distinguishable, universally agreed upon entities is the ultimate justification for developing a virus classification system. Since 1971, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) operating on behalf of the world community of virologists has taken on the task of developing a single, universal taxonomic scheme for all viruses infecting animals (vertebrate, invertebrates, and protozoa), plants (higher plants and algae), fungi, bacteria, and archaea. The current report builds on the accumulated taxonomic construction of the eight previous reports dating back to 1971 and records the proceedings of the Committee since publication of the last report in 2005. Representing the work of more than 500 virologists worldwide, this report is the authoritative reference for virus organization, distinction, and structure.
A simple device for multiplex ELISA made from melt-extruded plastic microcapillary film (2011)

We present a simple device for multiplex quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (ELISA) made from a novel melt-extruded microcapillary film (MCF) containing a parallel array of 200 μm capillaries along its length. To make ELISA devices different protein antigens or antibodies were immobilised inside individual microcapillaries within long reels of MCF extruded from fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). Short pieces of coated film were cut and interfaced with a pipette, allowing sequential uptake of samples and detection solutions into all capillaries from a reagent well. As well as being simple to produce, these FEP MCF devices have excellent light transmittance allowing direct optical interrogation of the capillaries for simple signal quantification. Proof of concept experiments demonstrate both quantitative and multiplex assays in FEP MCF devices using a standard direct ELISA procedure and read using a flatbed scanner. This new multiplex immunoassay platform should find applications ranging from lab detection to point-of-care and field diagnostics.
The Transcription Factor Snail Induces Tumor Cell Invasion through Modulation of the Epithelial Cell Differentiation Program (2005)

Abberant activation of the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells is a late event in tumor progression. A key inducer of this transition is the transcription factor Snail, which represses E-cadherin. We report that conditional expression of the human transcriptional repressor Snail in colorectal cancer cells induces an epithelial dedifferentiation program that coincides with a drastic change in cell morphology. Snail target genes control the establishment of several junctional complexes, intermediate filament networks, and the actin cytoskeleton. Modulation of the expression of these genes is associated with loss of cell aggregation and induction of invasion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that repression of selected target genes is associated with increased binding of Snail to their promoters, which contain consensus Snail-binding sites. Thus, Snail constitutes a master switch that directly represses the epithelial phenotype, resulting in malignant carcinoma cells.
Molecular Cloning of the cDNAs Encoding a Novel Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein from Rat and Human (1990)

cDNA clones encoding a novel insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP) purified from rat serum and human bone cell-conditioned medium have been isolated from rat liver and human placenta, liver, and ovary cDNA libraries. The deduced amino acid sequences of the cDNAs revealed a mature polypeptide consisting of 233 amino acids for the rat, while the human structure contains an additional four-amino acid sequence in the middle region of the molecule. This protein, now proposed to be named IGFBP-4, contains two extra cysteines compared with the previously characterized IGFBP-1, -2, and -3, but the alignment of the remaining 18 cysteines is conserved across the four IGFBPs. Amino acid sequence comparison among the four binding proteins within the rat species demonstrated that both the amino- and carboxy-terminal one thirds of the molecules are highly conserved, while the middle one third region, where no cysteines are present except for the two that exist in IGFBP-4, is the most divergent. The overall sequence homology among the four rat IGFBPs is very similar (53-59%), suggesting that their individual genes diverged from a single ancestral gene at about the same evolutionary time point. Northern analysis of the IGFBP-4 mRNA in rat tissue demonstrated that transcription of the IGFBP-4 gene is highly active in the liver, although a single 2.6-kilobase IGFBP-4 mRNA band was detectable in all tissues examined, including adrenal, testis, spleen, heart, lung, kidney, liver, stomach, hypothalamus, and brain cortex.
Experimental Evaluation of an Internally Passively Pressurized Circulation Control Propeller (2014)

The purpose of circulation control for fixed wing aircrafts is to increase the lifting force when large lifting forces and/or slow speeds are required, such as at takeoff and landing. Wing flaps and slats are used on almost all fixed-wing aircraft. While effective in increasing lift, they do so with penalty of increasing drag, weight, and control complexity. The goal of this research was to find an alternative way of pumping pressurized air to the trailing edge slot on a UAV propeller. This design called for rerouting stagnation pressure from the frontal propeller area through the inside of the propeller blades to ejection slots on the trailing edge. This allows for the forward velocity of the aircraft to drive the pressurization of the circulation control plenum passively, without additional hardware. For this study, a Clark-Y airfoil section propeller with an overall diameter of 0.609 meters was designed and tested. The comparison of the augmented to unaugmented propeller showed a 5.12 percent increase in efficiency, which is shown to act over the entire range of flight envelopes of the aircraft and is shown to be particularly beneficial at advance ratios above 0.30, normal operating conditions of propeller-driven UAVs.
Overexpression of HTRA1 Leads to Ultrastructural Changes in the Elastic Layer of Bruch's Membrane via Cleavage of Extracellular Matrix Components (2011)

Variants in the chromosomal region 10q26 are strongly associated with an increased risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Two potential AMD genes are located in this region: ARMS2 and HTRA1 (high-temperature requirement A1). Previous studies have suggested that polymorphisms in the promotor region of HTRA1 result in overexpression of HTRA1 protein. This study investigated the role of HTRA1 overexpression in the pathogenesis of AMD. Transgenic Htra1 mice overexpressing the murine protein in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer of the retina were generated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining and Western Blot analysis. The elastic layer of Bruch's membrane (BM) in the Htra1 transgenic mice was fragmented and less continuous than in wild type (WT) controls. Recombinant HTRA1 lacking the N-terminal domain cleaved various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Subsequent Western Blot analysis revealed an overexpression of fibronectin fragments and a reduction of fibulin 5 and tropoelastin in the RPE/choroid layer in transgenic mice compared to WT. Fibulin 5 is essential for elastogenesis by promoting elastic fiber assembly and maturation. Taken together, our data implicate that HTRA1 overexpression leads to an altered elastogenesis in BM through fibulin 5 cleavage. It highlights the importance of ECM related proteins in the development of AMD and links HTRA1 to other AMD risk genes such as fibulin 5, fibulin 6, ARMS2 and TIMP3.
Preemptable remote execution facilities for the V-system (1985)

article Free Access Share on Preemptable remote execution facilities for the V-system Authors: Marvin M. Theimer Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , Keith A. Lantz Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , David R. Cheriton Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 19Issue 5Dec. 1-4, 1985 pp 2–12https://doi.org/10.1145/323627.323629Published:01 December 1985Publication History 227citation737DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations227Total Downloads737Last 12 Months34Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Alteration in goblet cell numbers and mucin gene expression in a mouse model of allergic conjunctivitis. (2001)

These findings demonstrate that, in the conjunctiva of mice, repetitive application of allergens induces a reduction in the number of filled goblet cells and a decrease in Muc5AC and Muc4 mRNAs. After a period of 24 to 48 hours, the goblet cell number return to naïve levels, and goblet cell mucin mRNA levels return to above or within normal range, indicating a rapid recovery in the mucus secretion system.