gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Four Bifunctional Chelates for Radiolabeling Monoclonal Antibodies with Copper Radioisotopes:  Biodistribution and Metabolism (1996)

The bifunctional chelating agents (BFCs), 6-[p-(bromoacetamido)benzyl]-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4 ,8, 11-tetraacetic acid (BAT), 6-[p-(isothiocyanato)benzyl]-1,4,8, 11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4,8,11-tetraacetic acid (SCN-TETA), 4-[(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradec-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid (CPTA), and 1-[(1,4, 7,10,13-pentaazacyclopentadec-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid (PCBA), were synthesized and conjugated to the anti-colorectal monoclonal antibody (mAB), 1A3, and antibody fragments, 1A3-F(ab')2, for radiolabeling with 64,67CU and comparison in animal models. In vivo metabolism studies were carried out in liver and kidneys in order to correlate the nature of the metabolites formed to the uptake and retention of the radiolabel in each organ. Animal biodistribution studies were performed in Golden Syrian hamsters bearing the GW39 human colon cancer tumors and in normal Sprague-Dawley rats. All conjugates showed good tumor uptake in hamsters. Biodistribution in rats showed that 64CU-BAT-2IT-1A3 had the lowest liver and kidney uptake of the intact 1A3 conjugates (p < 0.03), whereas in hamsters, there were no significant differences in liver and kidney uptake between the four intact BFC-1A3 conjugates. Tumor-bearing hamsters injected with 64CU-CPTA-1A3-F(ab')2 and 64CU-PCBA-1A3-F(ab')2 had from 3 to 7 times greater uptake in the kidneys than hamsters given 64CU-labeled BAT and SCN-TETA 1A3-F(ab')2 conjugates, while rats injected with 64Cu-CPTA-1A3-F(ab')2 and 64Cu-PCBA-1A3-F(ab')2 had nearly twice the uptake. The in vivo metabolism of the mAbs 1A3 and 1A3-F(ab')2 radiolabeled with 67Cu through the SCN-TETA, CPTA, and PCBA BFCs was investigated by excising the livers and kidneys of normal rats from 1-5 days post-injection of the radiolabeled conjugates. Liver and kidney homogenates were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The size exclusion chromatography data showed that all of the 67Cu-labeled 1A3-F(ab')2 conjugates were > 85% degraded in the kidneys to small molecular weight metabolites by 1 day post-injection. In contrast, in the liver at 1 day post-injection, greater than 70% of the 67Cu-labeled 1A3 conjugates were unmetabolized. By day 5, a 35 kDa peak appeared in the liver of rats injected with the 67 Cu-labeled 1A3 conjugates, possibly due to transchelation of the 67Cu to proteins. Superoxide dismutase chromatographically elutes at the same retention time as this 67Cu-labeled metabolite. The TLC data indicate that the low molecular weight metabolite (< 5 kDa) of both 67Cu-CPTA-1A3 and 67Cu-CPTA-1A3-F(ab')2 conjugates co-chromatographed with a 67Cu-CPTA-epsilon-lysine standard. Our data suggest that chelate charge and lipophilicity play a large role in kidney retention of 64/67Cu-labeled BFC-1A3-F(ab')2 conjugates, while transchelation of the copper label appears to be the major factor for liver accumulation of 64/67Cu-labeled BFC-1A3 conjugates.
A deep auto-encoder based low-dimensional feature extraction from FFT spectral envelopes for statistical parametric speech synthesis (2016)

In the state-of-the-art statistical parametric speech synthesis system, a speech analysis module, e.g. STRAIGHT spectral analysis, is generally used for obtaining accurate and stable spectral envelopes, and then low-dimensional acoustic features extracted from obtained spectral envelopes are used for training acoustic models. However, a spectral envelope estimation algorithm used in such a speech analysis module includes various processing derived from human knowledge. In this paper, we present our investigation of deep autoencoder based, non-linear, data-driven and unsupervised low-dimensional feature extraction using FFT spectral envelopes for statistical parametric speech synthesis. Experimental results showed that a text-to-speech synthesis system using deep auto-encoder based low-dimensional feature extraction from FFT spectral envelopes is indeed a promising approach.
Insulin-mediated intracellular targeting enhances the photodynamic activity of chlorin e6. (1995)

Photodynamic therapy has been applied quite extensively over the last few years, whereby the activation of photosensitizers by light causes the production of reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, which is cytotoxic. The goal of this study was the enhancement of the photodynamic activity of photosensitizers through their delivery to specific, sensitive intracellular compartments of target cells. We synthesized a BSA-insulin-chlorin e6 conjugate that bound specifically to the insulin receptors (EC50, 1 nM) of the human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 and could be internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Photodynamic activity, as assessed by various tests, indicated EC50s at about 100 times lower concentrations of conjugate compared to free chlorin e6 itself; and lower doses of irradiation were necessary to activate the conjugate compared to free chlorin e6. Inhibition of endocytosis of the conjugate abrogated the enhanced photodynamic activity of the conjugate above that of free chlorin e6. Endocytosis and subsequent localization around and in the cell nucleus of the BSA-insulin-chlorin e6 conjugate could be visualized using both FITC-labeled conjugate and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, a fluorescent indicator of the production of active oxygen species due to chlorin e6 activation. It was concluded that photodynamic activity of the conjugate is higher than that of free chlorin e6 through its receptor-mediated delivery into sensitive intracellular compartments.
Blood-Flow Measurements of Injured Peripheral Nerves by Laser Doppler Flowmetry (1992)

The effects of injury on peripheral nerve blood flow were studied, using a Laserflo blood perfusion monitor. A total of 11 nerves were studied, five normal and six injured nerves in four patients. Two of the patients had lacerating brachial plexus injuries, and two other patients had compressive neuropathies of their ulnar nerves at the elbow. All of the readings were taken intraoperatively while the patients were undergoing exploration and repair under general anesthesia. Measurements of the damaged nerves were taken serially from the site of injury proximally and distally, by approximating a flexible metric ruler to the dorsal aspect of the nerve along the same axis. In the acutely lacerated injured nerves (3 to 7 days), the measurements were taken at 1, 5, 10, and 20 mm. The maximal amount of retraction in any of the nerves was 1 cm; thus, the overall architecture of the nerves was maintained. In the compressed nerves, measurements were taken at 1, 2 and 3 cm proximal and distal to the medial epicondyle. Measurement of normal undamaged nerves was performed at six different sites along the same axis of the nerve. The averaged results indicate that the normal blood flow ranged from 47 ml/100 g/min to 63 ml/100 g/min, with a mean of 56 ml/100 g/min. In the injured nerves, blood flow was most depressed at sites closest to the laceration, and increased consistently and progressively at sites distant from the injury in both directions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A BJT-Based Heterostructure 1T-DRAM for Low-Voltage Operation (2011)

We propose a BJT-based floating-body 1T-DRAM cell made of a novel heterostructure suitable to low-power DRAM technology. Based on the numerical simulation, we verify that the proposed structure is capable of reducing the breakdown voltage and single-transistor latch bias in the BJT-based 1T-DRAM, which largely depends on the impact ionization and parasitic BJT through enhancement of the current gain (β). Moreover, it is discerned that the novel structure with the SiGe structure has advantages of dynamic refresh characteristics due to reduced bit-line disturb compared with the normal Si device.
Daunorubicin therapy in advanced neuroblastoma (1971)

Forty-three children with advanced, disseminated neuroblastoma were treated with regimens of Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) 1 mg/kg every other day (QOD) or daily, with total doses of 3-10 mg/kg/course of treatment, usually repeated monthly. There was objective response in only 28% of all children treated, although those receiving drug daily showed 40% partial responses, compared with 11% partial responses in those receiving the drug QOD. Subjective responses approached 70%. Toxicity, usually severe leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, was present in the majority of the children who received adequate therapy. There were 3 deaths from sepsis. It is recommended that while Daunorubicin may be used for patients with advanced neuroblastoma who no longer respond to more effective agents, it should be investigated at lower doses in combination with other drugs and probably used earlier in the course of disease.
The emerging role of the dendritic cell in novel cancer therapies. (1998)

Research over the last two years has explored a number of possible approaches to applying dendritic cell immunotherapy to the treatment of human cancers. The chosen strategy in clinical situations will vary for individual patients and will depend on the type of tumour, availability of tissue samples and potential source of dendritic cells. We believe that the isolation of fractionated tumour peptide from individual patients' tumours for use with autologous stem cell-derived dendritic cells may provide, in at least some cases, an effective and practical approach to cancer immunotherapy. This approach will provide a 'closed' system of tumour immunotherapy with all components (dendritic cells, antigen and cytotoxic T lymphocytes) being provided by the patient and applied in a tailor-made fashion to individual patients as an adjuvant to current anti-tumour therapies.
Affinity alkylation of the active site of C21 steroid side-chain cleavage cytochrome P-450 from neonatal porcine testis: a unique cysteine residue alkylated by 17.alpha.-(bromoacetoxy)progesterone (1987)

The affinity alkylating progesterone analogue 17-(bromoacetoxy)progesterone has been used to label the active site of a microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzyme from neonatal pig testis. The enzyme causes removal of the C20 and C21 side chains from the substrates progesterone and pregnenolone by catalyzing both 17-hydroxylase and C17,20-lyase reactions, which produce the corresponding C19 steroidal precursors of testosterone. The progesterone analogue causes simultaneous inactivation of the two catalytic activities of the enzyme by a first-order kinetic process that obeys saturation kinetics. Progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone each protect the enzyme against inactivation. The progesterone and analogue is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme with Ki values of 8.4 microM and 7.8 microM for progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, respectively. The enzyme inactivation and kinetic data are consistent with a theory proposing that the analogue and the two substrates compete for the same active site. The radioactive analogue 17-[( 14C]bromoacetoxy)progesterone causes inactivation of the enzyme with incorporation of 1.5-2.2 mol of the analogue per mole of inactivated enzyme. When this experiment is carried out in the presence of a substrate, then 0.9-1.2 mol of radioactive analogue is incorporated per mole of inactivated enzyme. The data suggest that the analogue can bind to two different sites, one of which is related to the catalytic site. Radiolabeled enzyme samples, from reactions of the 14C-labeled analogue with the enzyme alone or with enzyme in the presence of a substrate, were subjected to amino acid analysis and also to tryptic digestion and peptide mapping.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Alpha2‐antiplasmin regulates the development of dermal fibrosis in mice by prostaglandin F2αsynthesis through adipose triglyceride lipase/calcium‐independent phospholipase A2 (2012)

These findings suggest that α2AP regulates the development of fibrosis by PGF(2α) synthesis through ATGL/iPLA(2). The inhibition of α2AP-initiated pathways might provide a novel therapeutic approach to fibrotic diseases.
Gastroenteritis Caused By Human Rotaviruses (Serotype Three) In A Suckling Mouse Model (1987)

The pathogenic potential of human rotaviruses of serotypes 1 through 4 was evaluated in suckling mice. Oral inoculation of three different human rotaviruses of serotype 3 into 5-6 day old CD-1 mice caused disease characterized by diarrhea and dehydration. The mean 50% diarrhea inducing dose (DD50) was 5 X 10(5) pfu. Histopathological examination of small intestines revealed villus epithelial cell vacuolization localized to the distal one-third of the villus. Only Serotype 3 rotaviruses exhibited a rapid phase of viral growth in the intestine between 7 and 12 hours post-inoculation. Larger inocula of rotavirus serotypes 1, 2, and 4 did not cause disease or typical histopathologic changes. However, immunoperoxidase staining for rotavirus antigen was positive in all serotypes tested indicating that infection can occur without apparent disease and is not serotype specific. This convenient in-vivo model can be used to evaluate attenuation of human origin vaccine candidates of serotype 3.
Pore-scale imaging and modelling (2012)

Pore-scale imaging and modelling – digital core analysis – is becoming a routine service in the oil and gas industry, and has potential applications in contaminant transport and carbon dioxide storage. This paper briefly describes the underlying technology, namely imaging of the pore space of rocks from the nanometre scale upwards, coupled with a suite of different numerical techniques for simulating single and multiphase flow and transport through these images. Three example applications are then described, illustrating the range of scientific problems that can be tackled: dispersion in different rock samples that predicts the anomalous transport behaviour characteristic of highly heterogeneous carbonates; imaging of super-critical carbon dioxide in sandstone to demonstrate the possibility of capillary trapping in geological carbon storage; and the computation of relative permeability for mixed-wet carbonates and implications for oilfield waterflood recovery. The paper concludes by discussing limitations and challenges, including finding representative samples, imaging and simulating flow and transport in pore spaces over many orders of magnitude in size, the determination of wettability, and upscaling to the field scale. We conclude that pore-scale modelling is likely to become more widely applied in the oil industry including assessment of unconventional oil and gas resources. It has the potential to transform our understanding of multiphase flow processes, facilitating more efficient oil and gas recovery, effective contaminant removal and safe carbon dioxide storage.
Studies on transfection and transformation of protoplasts of Bacillus larvae, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus popilliae (1985)

Protoplasts of Bacillus larvae NRRL b-3555 and Bacillus subtilis RM125 (restrictionless, modificationless mutant) were transfected with DNA from the B. larvae bacteriophage PBL1c in the presence of polyethylene glycol. B. subtilis 168 and Bacillus popilliae NRRL B-2309M protoplasts could not be transfected with PBL1c DNA. Protoplasts of B larvae NRRL B-3555 were transformed with plasmids pC194 and pHV33 in the presence of polyethylene glycol. The frequency of transformation was much higher when the plasmids were isolated from B. larvae NRRL B-3555 transformants than when they were isolated from B. subtilis 168. These results indicate that the restriction-modification systems found in B. larvae NRRL B-3555 and B. subtilis 168 may be different. Conditions for protoplast formation and cell wall regeneration were developed for B. popilliae NRRL B-2309S. However, no transformation occurred with plasmids pC194 and pHV33 (isolated from B. subtilis 168).
Danazol therapy in autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. (1991)

We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Therapy with corticosteroids, splenectomy, azathioprine, chlorambucil, and intravenous immunoglobulin was unsuccessful. She responded to danazol, however, with maintenance of her hemoglobin and reductions in her transfusion and corticosteroid requirement. Thus, danazol may represent an important therapeutic option in the treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition (ICHD-II)—-Revision of Criteria for 8.2 Medication-Overuse Headache (2005)

peer reviewed
Amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA with polymerase chain reaction (1990)

The sequence of small-subunit rRNA varies in an orderly manner across phylogenetic lines and contains segments that are conserved at the species, genus, or kingdom level. By directing oligonucleotide primers at sequences conserved throughout the eubacterial kingdom, we amplified bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA sequences with the polymerase chain reaction. Priming sites were located at the extreme 5' end, the extreme 3' end, and the center of 16S ribosomal DNA. The isolates tested with these primers included members of the genera Staphylococcus, Coxiella, Rickettsia, Clostridium, Neisseria, Mycobacterium, Bilophila, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, and Lactobacillus and the family Enterobacteriaceae. Initially, the yields from the reactions were erratic because the primers were self-complementary at the 3' ends. Revised primers that were not self-complementary gave more reproducible results. With the latter primers, 0.4 pg of Escherichia coli DNA consistently gave a visible band after amplification. This method should be useful for increasing the amounts of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA sequences for the purposes of sequencing and probing. It should have a broad range of applications, including the detection and identification of known pathogens that are difficult to culture. This approach may make it possible to identify new, nonculturable bacterial pathogens.
Vectors: Essential Data (1995)

User's Guide Catalog of Vectors Vector Maps Host Cell Information Suppliers References Appendices Index.
Enhanced Functional Potential of Nucleic Acid Aptamer Libraries Patterned to Increase Secondary Structure (2010)

The in vitro selection of nucleic acid libraries has driven the discovery of RNA and DNA receptors (aptamers) and catalysts with tailor-made functional properties. Functional nucleic acids emerging from selections have been observed to possess an unusually high degree of secondary structure. In this study, we experimentally examined the relationship between the degree of secondary structure in a nucleic acid library and its ability to yield aptamers that bind protein targets. We designed a patterned nucleic acid library (denoted R*Y*) to enhance the formation of stem-loop structures without imposing any specific sequence or secondary structural requirement. This patterned library was predicted computationally to contain a significantly higher average folding energy compared to a standard, unpatterned N(60) library of the same length. We performed three different iterated selections for protein binding using patterned and unpatterned libraries competing in the same solution. In all three cases, the patterned R*Y* library was enriched relative to the unpatterned library over the course of the 9- to 10-round selection. Characterization of individual aptamer clones emerging from the three selections revealed that the highest affinity aptamer assayed arose from the patterned library for two protein targets, while in the third case, the highest affinity aptamers from the patterned and random libraries exhibited comparable affinity. We identified the binding motif requirements for the most active aptamers generated against two of the targets. The two binding motifs are 3.4- and 27-fold more likely to occur in the R*Y* library than in the N(60) library. Collectively, our findings suggest that researchers performing selections for nucleic acid aptamers and catalysts should consider patterned libraries rather than commonly used N(m) libraries to increase both the likelihood of isolating functional molecules and the potential activities of the resulting molecules.
PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA SEPIHAK ANTARA PT. INECDA KEBUN SEBERIDA DENGAN TENAGA KERJA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN (2015)

Termination of Employment for workers is a beginning of unemployment for workers with all its consequences. That's why the termination of employment often led to disputes between the companies with a workforce that industrial relations disputes. If the layoffs, the implementation must be in accordance with the provisions of the applicable law, the violation occurred at the PT. Inecda Gardens district Seberida Inhu, Rengat. Industrial disputes between workers and employers is due, the implementation of the termination of employment by the employer is not accompanied by the applicable law by conducting summary dismissal, the workers through the labor court, demanding that PT.Inecda rehire workers in the enterprise. Problem formulation in this research is how the mechanism of termination of employment between PT. Inecda with labor ?. Whether termination is incompatible with applicable laws ?. Is the legal remedy that can be done against arbitrary termination? The benefits of the berry research is the first to use theoretical benefit is as a support in pembendaharaan law science especially in employment law and as consideration for the next study, both practical benefits PT.Inecda as information and reference materials, labor better know their rights and responsibilities, and the public to know more information about the labor problems and. Based on the research results, it be concluded that termination of employment that do not comply with this PT.Inecda termination mechanisms that exist in the company's own rules and not in accordance with the provisions of Article 151 and Article 161 of Law Number 13 Year 2003 on Employment and also Act No. 2 of 2004 concerning Industrial Relations Dispute Resolution. Efforts made in the completion of termination of employment is subject to keputuan properly, which is in essence the termination of employment, termination of employment can not be done without the approval of a court settlement of industrial relations and without the consent of both parties. Thus settlement through the industrial relations court authorized to hear and give the verdict against industrial disputes. Keywords: RelationsEmployment Terminatio-Labor- PT.Inecda
Boundaries and inhibitory molecules in developing neural tissues (1995)

Numerous studies of the past decade have illuminated the importance of intercellular adhesion events for neural pattern formation. It has been documented that members of the Ig and cadherin gene superfamilies, that glycoproteins and, probably to some extent, proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix play a role in this context. Recent observations suggest that, in addition to adhesive interactions, repulsive and/or inhibitory phenoma are also of importance in regulating neural pattern formation. Several molecules are under study which are considered possible mediators of inhibitory interactions in the nervous system. The hypothesis has been advanced that some of these might be partially responsible for restrictive, boundary-like properties ascribed to glial cells in developing and regenerating tissues. The current review summarizes these studies and focusses on molecular aspects of boundary and compartmentation phenomena.