gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new synthetic route to the preparation of a series of strong photoreducing agents: fac-tris-ortho-metalated complexes of iridium(III) with substituted 2-phenylpyridines (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new synthetic route to the preparation of a series of strong photoreducing agents: fac-tris-ortho-metalated complexes of iridium(III) with substituted 2-phenylpyridinesK. Dedeian, P. I. Djurovich, F. O. Garces, G. Carlson, and R. J. WattsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 8, 1685–1687Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00008a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00008a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5264Altmetric-Citations315LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A survey of mobility management in next-generation all-IP-based wireless systems (2004)

Next-generation wireless systems are envisioned to have an IP-based infrastructure with the support of heterogeneous access technologies. One of the research challenges for next generation all-IP-based wireless systems is the design of intelligent mobility management techniques that take advantage of IP-based technologies to achieve global roaming among various access technologies. Next-generation wireless systems call for the integration and interoperation of mobility management techniques in heterogeneous networks. In this article the current state of the art for mobility management in next-generation all-IP-based wireless systems is presented. The previously proposed solutions based on different layers are reviewed, and their qualitative comparisons are given. A new wireless network architecture for mobility management is introduced, and related open research issues are discussed in detail.
Comparison of Some Properties of Thiolsulfonates and Thiolsulfinates (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of Some Properties of Thiolsulfonates and ThiolsulfinatesLaVerne D. Small, John Hays. Bailey, and C. J. CavallitoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 10, 3565–3566Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01178a531https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01178a531research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin Strategies for Primary Care Providers (2002)

IN BRIEF Primary care providers take care of the majority of patients with diabetes in the United States. The introduction of new insulin analogs over the past few years should help primary practitioners and their patients with diabetes achieve physiological insulin replacement and near-normal glucose levels. This article reviews currently available insulins and replacement of insulin in a physiological manner for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and provides examples of patients for whom insulin dosages changed over time.
Variants of the Adiponectin and Adiponectin Receptor 1 Genes and Breast Cancer Risk (2008)

Breast cancer risk is higher among obese women and women with diabetes. Adiponectin is a protein exclusively secreted by adipose tissue, circulating levels of which have been associated with breast cancer risk. Whether genetic variants within the adiponectin pathway are associated with breast cancer risk is unknown. To explore the association of genetic variants of the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) genes with breast cancer risk, we conducted a case control study of female patients with breast cancer and healthy female controls from New York City recruited between 1999 and 2004. We genotyped 733 hospital-based breast cancer cases and 839 controls for 10 haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1. Two ADIPOQ SNPs (rs2241766 and rs1501299), which have been associated with circulating levels of adiponectin, were associated with breast cancer risk [rs1501299*GG: odd ratios (OR), 1.80; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.14-2.85; rs2241766*TG: OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.46-0.80]. One ADIPOR1 SNP (rs7539542), which modulates expression of adiponectin receptor 1 mRNA, was also associated with breast cancer risk (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.92). Based on the known function of rs2241766 and rs1501299, we categorized individuals by adiponectin signaling status and found that, when compared with high signalers, intermediate signalers had a 4.16-fold increase in breast cancer risk (95% CI, 0.49-35.19), and low signalers had a 6.56-fold increase in breast cancer risk (95% CI, 0.78-54.89; P(trend) = 0.001). This is the first report of an association between functionally relevant variants of the adiponectin pathway and breast cancer risk. The results warrant further studies of the adiponectin pathway in breast cancer.
Keratocyte Phenotype Mediates Proteoglycan Structure (2003)

In pathological corneas, accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix is characterized by proteoglycans with altered glycosaminoglycans that contribute to the reduced transparency of scarred tissue. During wound healing, keratocytes in the corneal stroma transdifferentiate into fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. In this study, molecular markers were developed to identify keratocyte, fibroblast, and myofibroblast phenotypes in primary cultures of corneal stromal cells and the structure of glycosaminoglycans secreted by these cells was characterized. Quiescent primary keratocytes expressed abundant protein and mRNA for keratocan and aldehyde dehydrogenase class 3 and secreted proteoglycans containing macromolecular keratan sulfate. Expression of these marker compounds was reduced in fibroblasts and also in transforming growth factor-beta-induced myofibroblasts, which expressed high levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin, biglycan, and the extra domain A (EDA or EIIIA) form of cellular fibronectin. Collagen types I and III mRNAs were elevated in both fibroblasts and in myofibroblasts. Expression of these molecular markers clearly distinguishes the phenotypic states of stromal cells in vitro. Glycosaminoglycans secreted by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were qualitatively similar to and differed from those of keratocytes. Chondroitin/dermatan sulfate abundance, chain length, and sulfation were increased as keratocytes became fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis analysis demonstrated increased N-acetylgalactosamine sulfation at both 4- and 6-carbons. Hyaluronan, absent in keratocytes, was secreted by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Keratan sulfate biosynthesis, chain length, and sulfation were significantly reduced in both fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. The qualitatively similar expression of glycosaminoglycans shared by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts suggests a role for fibroblasts in deposition of non-transparent fibrotic tissue in pathological corneas.
Activation of Terminally Differentiated Human Monocytes/Macrophages by Dengue Virus: Productive Infection, Hierarchical Production of Innate Cytokines and Chemokines, and the Synergistic Effect of Lipopolysaccharide (2002)

Dengue virus (DV) primarily infects blood monocytes (MO) and tissue macrophages (M phi). We have shown in the present study that DV can productively infect primary human MO/M phi regardless of the stage of cell differentiation. After DV infection, the in vitro-differentiated MO/M phi secreted multiple innate cytokines and chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, alpha interferon (IFN-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-8, IL-12, MIP-1 alpha, and RANTES but not IL-6, IL-15, or nitric oxide. Secretion of these mediators was highlighted by distinct magnitude, onset, kinetics, duration, and induction potential. A chemokine-to-cytokine hierarchy was noted in the magnitude and induction potential of secretion, and a chemokine-to-cytokine-to-chemokine/Th1 cytokine cascade could be seen in the production kinetics. Furthermore, we found that terminally differentiated MO/M phi cultured for more than 45 days could support productive DV infection and produce innate cytokines and chemokines, indicating that these mature cells were functionally competent in the context of a viral infection. In addition, DV replication in primary differentiated human MO/M phi was enhanced and prolonged in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and LPS-mediated synergistic production of IFN-alpha could be seen in DV-infected MO/M phi. The secretion of innate cytokines and chemokines by differentiated MO/M phi suggests that regional accumulation of these mediators may occur in various tissues to which DV has disseminated and may thus result in local inflammation. The LPS-mediated enhancement of virus replication and synergistic IFN-alpha production suggests that concurrent bacterial infection may modulate cytokine-mediated disease progression during DV infection.
Transcatheter Radiofrequency Ablation of Atrial Tissue Using a Suction Catheter (1989)

Closed chest ablative technique that avoid barotrauma would be attractive for ablation at thin walled cardiac structures, such as the atrial free wall or coronary sinus. Transcatheter radiofrequency (RF) currents produce tissue necrosis the size of which is dependent on the contact between the tissue and the electrode. In order to assess the effects of transvenous RF ablation of atrial free wall using a suction electrode catheter, we delivered in ten dogs, one single unmodulated RF pulse 1.2 MHz, in a unipolar mode, through the distal electrode of a lumen catheter (USCI 8F) (USCI, Billerica, MA USA) located in the right appendage. During the pulse an 80 KPa vacuum depression was applied to the lumen of the catheter. Each pulse had a 10 seconds duration and the mean delivered power was 4.3 +/- 1.4 W. Aortic pressure and electrocardiogram were monitored during the procedure. A right atrial electrophysiological study was performed at the ablated site, at control, after suction application and after RF pulse delivery. The animals were sacrificed after 14 or 21 days. Atrial pacing threshold values decreased after suction application in comparison to control values after the pulse (0.42 +/- 0.06 vs 0.60 +/- 0.23 mA, P less than O.05) but increased after the pulse delivery (2.60 +/- 1.85 mA, P less than 0.01). In contrast, the atrial effective refractory period did not significantly change after suction, nor after RF pulse delivery. Aortic pressure remained unchanged throughout the procedure. Complex arrhythmias were not observed during or after RF pulse delivery. One dog died suddenly at the first day after ablation, but this death was most probably unrelated to RF ablation. Anatomic lesions had a length of 8.8 +/- 3.3 mm, a width of 4.6 +/- 2.5 mm and a depth of 3.6 +/- 1.1 mm. They were transmural in nine of the ten dogs but without atrial wall perforation in any case. Lesions suggesting tissue volatilization were present in four dogs. These results demonstrate that low energy RF currents delivered with a suction electrode catheter can produce transmural necrosis of free wall, without risk of perforation. Such ablative technique would be of interest for ablation of right sided accessory pathways or atrial ectopic foci. Further experimental data are required in order to define the optimal energy level required to avoid tissue volatilization.
Reduced COX-2 Expression in Aged Mice Is Associated With Impaired Fracture Healing (2008)

The cellular and molecular events responsible for reduced fracture healing with aging are unknown. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the inducible regulator of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis, is critical for normal bone repair. A femoral fracture repair model was used in mice at either 7-9 or 52-56 wk of age, and healing was evaluated by imaging, histology, and gene expression studies. Aging was associated with a decreased rate of chondrogenesis, decreased bone formation, reduced callus vascularization, delayed remodeling, and altered expression of genes involved in repair and remodeling. COX-2 expression in young mice peaked at 5 days, coinciding with the transition of mesenchymal progenitors to cartilage and the onset of expression of early cartilage markers. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed that COX-2 is expressed primarily in early cartilage precursors that co-express col-2. COX-2 expression was reduced by 75% and 65% in fractures from aged mice compared with young mice on days 5 and 7, respectively. Local administration of an EP4 agonist to the fracture repair site in aged mice enhanced the rate of chondrogenesis and bone formation to levels observed in young mice, suggesting that the expression of COX-2 during the early inflammatory phase of repair regulates critical subsequent events including chondrogenesis, bone formation, and remodeling. The findings suggest that COX-2/EP4 agonists may compensate for deficient molecular signals that result in the reduced fracture healing associated with aging.
Dynamics modeling and analysis of thrust-vectored V/STOL aircraft (2013)

V/STOL aircrafts have different flight modes, including conventional mode, hover and transition flight. And the control effectors include thrust engines, thrust vectors and aerodynamic actuators. The dynamic model of V/STOL aircrafts varies significantly due to jet-induced effect during hover and transition flight. In this paper, dynamic model of V/STOL aircraft propulsion system and jet-induced forces are built. The 6-DOF nonlinear equations of motion, for a V/STOL UAV are formulated and simulated. Simulations results validate the dynamic model built in this paper. And the dynamic model could be used for propulsion system and control system design.
Directed Blood Vessel Growth Using an Angiogenic Microfiber/Microparticle Composite Patch (2011)

An angiogenic microfiber patch that releases angiogenic growth factors along aligned fibers and subsequently directs the spacing and orientation of mature and functional blood vessel formation is presented. The fiber patches are prepared by electrostatically binding electrosprayed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-encapsulating poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles with electrospun poly(lactide) (PLA) microfibers. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Separation of Erythrocytes into Age-Related Fractions by Density or Size? Counterflow Centrifugation (2000)

During the process of aging red blood cells become denser and smaller. Counterflow centrifugation separates particles of lower density and smaller diameter from those of higher density and bigger diameter. Thus, the question arises: which property of the red cells, density or size, governs the age-related separation by counterflow centrifugation? It is shown that it is the size which dominates the balance between sedimentation and streaming. Age-related separation of human red blood cells by counterflow centrifugation (elutriation) was analysed by the standard hematological parameters (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), hemoglobin A1c and the membrane protein ratio 4.1a/(4.1a+4.1b). Red blood cells with a high hemoglobin A1c content and a high 4.1a/(4.1a+4.1b) ratio were found in the early fractions of the elutriation. This proves that old cells make up early fractions, while the "youngsters" constitute later ones. The elutriation technique used (yielding human red blood cells in a "healthy state") and the age parameters studied show that the membrane protein ratio 4.1a/(4.1a+4.1b) is another reliable age parameter for the assessment of red blood cell age.
Life with Pattern Adaptation (1984)

This paper presents a human case history of the evolution-to-practice of a distinctive approach to adaptive control against a background of other methods dating back to 1950. This concept, based on pattern recognition, provides direct performance feedback in a natural and intuitive form and guarantees adaptive convergence to satisfactory loop behavior. Recent field experience has shown a new design following this concept to be extremely successful as a trouble-free, general-purpose adaptive controller. Despite the apparent advantages of this concept, it was as slow to come to commercialization as were competing concepts and for many of the same reasons, notably a lack of agreement on realistic benefits of adaptation.
Presence of functional type B natriuretic peptide receptor in human ocular cells. (1996)

It is known that CNP, but not ANP, selectively activates the guanylyl cyclase associated with the type B natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B). Thus, the data suggest that NPR-B is the primary functional NPR in the TM and CM cells. The effects on cGMP and calcium produced by the activation of this receptor are expected to alter TM and CM contractility and may affect aqueous humor hydrodynamics and intraocular pressure.
In vivo hybridization of technetium-99m-labeled peptide nucleic acid (PNA). (1997)

Unlike the radiolabeled DNAs investigated in this laboratory, 99mTc-PNA displays stability and pharmacokinetic properties suitable for eventual use as radiopharmaceuticals.
Lymphocyte blastogenic response to human thyroglobulin in Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and metastatic thyroid cancer. (1979)

In view of the past contradictory reports concerning in vitro lymphocyte transformation induced by human thyroglobulin (Tg) in thyroid diseases, the present study was undertaken to re-examine the response using improved methods in cell separation, culture, and cell harvesting. It has been found that the optimal dose level of Tg for maximal blastogenesis in culture differs from patient to patient. Consequently, it is inappropriate to use a single dose level of Tg for evaluation of the blastogenesis in study groups. By using serial Tg dose levels of 0.5 through 30 micrograms/ml in cultures, it was found that that incidence of positive responders in Graves' disease was 69.2%, in Hashimoto's thyroiditis 71.4%, and in healthy controls 9.1%. Metastatic thyroid cancer patients responded in a 50% incidence. All of the positive responders in the cancer group had elevated Tg levels, but no anti-Tg antibody in their sera.
Bioavailability and the mechanisms of intestinal absorption of iron from ferrous ascorbate and ferric polymaltose in experimental animals. (1990)

The comparative bioavailability from matching quantities of iron in the form of ferrous ascorbate or ferric polymaltose was defined in rats. Studies were carried out in the intact animals under basal conditions and also when requirements for this metal were either increased or decreased by manipulating stores or erythropoietic activity. No significant difference was found in the total quantity of iron absorbed from either salt or complex under any of these circumstances, suggesting that the mucosal mechanism regulating the overall process was common to both. However, the rate of transfer from the lumen into portal blood was distinctive, reaching a maximum with salt at 30 min compared to 24 h for the complex. To explore the possibility that iron from the two sources was initially handled by different subcellular pathways, the radiolabeled compounds were instilled into loops of bowel that had been isolated between ligatures in vivo. Enterocytes were harvested and fractionated, and incorporation into ferritin and transferrin was determined using RIA. From salt, iron appeared rapidly in duodenal but not ileal ferritin, whereas mucosal transferrin increased under conditions of stimulated absorption, suggesting that this protein may act as a shuttle for the metal. In contrast, iron from polymaltose showed a cumulative incorporation into duodenal ferritin over time that correlated with iron absorption, defined by the appearance of radiolabel in the serum and in the carcass; a similar pattern was demonstrable in ileal mucosal cells. Conversely, binding of iron to transferrin was minimal. No iron polymaltose was found within the mucosal cells. It is suggested that the low rate of iron transfer from this ferric complex may reflect its extracellular breakdown in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract.
Cloning Single-Chain Antibody Fragments (scFv) from Hybridoma Cells (2004)

Despite the availability of antibody libraries for the selection of receptor molecules, the large number of established and well-characterized hybridoma lines still represent a useful source for recombinant antibody genes. This protocol describes the PCR amplification, cloning, and a small-scale expression test for the generation of scFv fragments from hybridoma cell lines. Particular emphasis was placed on frequently observed problems and pitfalls of this method.