gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid, Non-Mechanical, Damage Free Figuring Of Optical Surfaces Using Plasma Assisted Chemical Etching (PACE): Part Ii Theory & Process Control (1989)

We describe an application of Plasma Assisted Chemical Etching (PACE) to rapid and controllable figuring and smoothing of optical surfaces without mechanical contact. This removes the usual constraints on the design of optical elements imposed by mechanical pro-cesses, such as substrate deformation, edge distortion and subsurface damage or contamination. This process employs a process originally developed to pattern microelectronic circuits by ion enhanced chemical etching of a solid (Si02, Si, Al, Au, etc.) through a relatively nonerodeable photolithographically patterned mask1,-2. The PACE process shapes the optical surface by removing material in a small area under a confined reactive gas plasma (a &quot;puck&quot;) moved over this surface. Rates of removal of such processes in microelectronic applications are as high as 10 pm per minute and are very accurately controllable and repeatable. The removal &quot;footprint&quot; of PACE may be varied during the process and it inherently smooths or polishes while exposing a virgin surface free of process generated contamination and subsurface damage. It can operate in two modes: (1) in &quot;contact&quot; with the plasma, where the chemical reaction is driven by the kinetic energy given up at the reacting surface by short lived species such as ions; and (2) downstream of the plasma, by the stored energy freed at the surface by longer lived species such as excited metastable neutrals. Since control of this process is so important to this application, we sketch the generic physics and chemi hi stry1,2 of the PACE figuring and smoothing process, identifying the quantitative relations between the plasma and chemical parameters that control it:rf power density reactive gas pressure reactive gas flow the reactor surface temperatures and the pertinent transport chemistry.
Preliminary Findings of Antistreptococcal Antibody Titers and Basal Ganglia Volumes in Tic, Obsessive-compulsive, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders (2000)

These findings suggest that the prior reports of an association between antistreptococcal antibodies and either CTD or OCD may have been confounded by the presence of ADHD. They also support the hypothesis that in susceptible persons who have ADHD or OCD, chronic or recurrent streptococcal infections are associated with structural alterations in basal ganglia nuclei.
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of l -valine based on transcriptome analysis and in silico gene knockout simulation (2007)

The L-valine production strain of Escherichia coli was constructed by rational metabolic engineering and stepwise improvement based on transcriptome analysis and gene knockout simulation of the in silico genome-scale metabolic network. Feedback inhibition of acetohydroxy acid synthase isoenzyme III by L-valine was removed by site-directed mutagenesis, and the native promoter containing the transcriptional attenuator leader regions of the ilvGMEDA and ilvBN operon was replaced with the tac promoter. The ilvA, leuA, and panB genes were deleted to make more precursors available for L-valine biosynthesis. This engineered Val strain harboring a plasmid overexpressing the ilvBN genes produced 1.31 g/liter L-valine. Comparative transcriptome profiling was performed during batch fermentation of the engineered and control strains. Among the down-regulated genes, the lrp and ygaZH genes, which encode a global regulator Lrp and L-valine exporter, respectively, were overexpressed. Amplification of the lrp, ygaZH, and lrp-ygaZH genes led to the enhanced production of L-valine by 21.6%, 47.1%, and 113%, respectively. Further improvement was achieved by using in silico gene knockout simulation, which identified the aceF, mdh, and pfkA genes as knockout targets. The VAMF strain (Val DeltaaceF Deltamdh DeltapfkA) overexpressing the ilvBN, ilvCED, ygaZH, and lrp genes was able to produce 7.55 g/liter L-valine from 20 g/liter glucose in batch culture, resulting in a high yield of 0.378 g of L-valine per gram of glucose. These results suggest that an industrially competitive strain can be efficiently developed by metabolic engineering based on combined rational modification, transcriptome profiling, and systems-level in silico analysis.
Multiple Risk Factors Predict Suicide in Alcoholism (1992)

From a study of the lives of 50 alcoholics who committed suicide, seven nonacute clinical/historical features were identified post hoc that appear to be intimately linked to suicide. They included continued drinking, major depressive episode, suicidal communication, poor social support, serious medical illness, unemployment, and living alone. This study examined whether these features are common to alcoholics generally and/or to nonalcoholics who commit suicide or if they may be specifically predictive of suicide in alcoholics. The frequencies of these factors were compared with those in an earlier sample of 32 alcoholics who committed suicide, then with data from two St Louis studies of living alcoholics and a cohort of individuals with major depressive disorder who committed suicide. The frequency of the identified items was replicated among the 32 alcoholics in a larger community sample of individuals who committed suicide. The white men from those two samples of alcoholics who committed suicide were then combined for the advantage of sample size. Six of the seven factors could be compared with a population survey sample of 106 living alcoholics and five with a clinically identified sample of 142 living alcoholics. All compared factors were significantly more frequent among those who committed suicide than among controls. Any four of the six factors identified 46 (69%) of the 67 individuals who committed suicide with few false-positive results among the controls. Regarding all seven of the identified factors, 54 (81%) of the 67 men and 64 (83%) of the entire sample of 82 individuals who committed suicide had four or more risk factors. Alcoholic women and blacks showed the same pattern as white men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Newcastle Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccine Completely Protects Chickens and Mice from Lethal Challenge of Homologous and Heterologous H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses (2006)

ABSTRACT H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has continued to spread and poses a significant threat to both animal and human health. Current influenza vaccine strategies have limitations that prevent their effective use for widespread inoculation of animals in the field. Vaccine strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), however, have been used successfully to easily vaccinate large numbers of animals. In this study, we used reverse genetics to construct a NDV that expressed an H5 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) hemagglutinin (HA). Both a wild-type and a mutated HA open reading frame (ORF) from the HPAIV wild bird isolate, A/Bar-headed goose/Qinghai/3/2005 (H5N1), were inserted into the intergenic region between the P and M genes of the LaSota NDV vaccine strain. The recombinant viruses stably expressing the wild-type and mutant HA genes were found to be innocuous after intracerebral inoculation of 1-day-old chickens. A single dose of the recombinant viruses in chickens induced both NDV- and AIV H5-specific antibodies and completely protected chickens from challenge with a lethal dose of both velogenic NDV and homologous and heterologous H5N1 HPAIV. In addition, BALB/c mice immunized with the recombinant NDV-based vaccine produced H5 AIV-specific antibodies and were completely protected from homologous and heterologous lethal virus challenge. Our results indicate that recombinant NDV is suitable as a bivalent live attenuated vaccine against both NDV and AIV infection in poultry. The recombinant NDV vaccine may also have potential use in high-risk human individuals to control the pandemic spread of lethal avian influenza.
A self-organizing semantic map for information retrieval (1991)

Article Free Access Share on A self-organizing semantic map for information retrieval Authors: Xia Lin College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, MarylandView Profile , Dagobert Soergel College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, MarylandView Profile , Gary Marchionini College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, MarylandView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGIR '91: Proceedings of the 14th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrievalSeptember 1991 Pages 262–269https://doi.org/10.1145/122860.122887Online:01 September 1991Publication History 234citation3,378DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations234Total Downloads3,378Last 12 Months86Last 6 weeks18 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Treatment with LL‐37 is safe and effective in enhancing healing of hard‐to‐heal venous leg ulcers: a randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial (2014)

Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are one of the most prevalent types of chronic wounds. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and dose-response efficacy of the human synthetic peptide LL-37 in the treatment of hard-to-heal VLUs. This first-in-man trial included 34 participants with VLUs and comprised a 3-week, open-label, run-in period on placebo, followed by a 4-week randomized double-blind treatment phase with twice weekly applications of LL-37 (0.5, 1.6, or 3.2 mg/mL) or placebo, and a 4-week follow-up. The healing rate constants for 0.5 and 1.6 mg/mL of LL-37 were approximately six- and threefold higher than for placebo (p = 0.003 for 0.5 mg/mL and p = 0.088 for 1.6 mg/mL). Square-root transformed wound area data showed improved healing for the 0.5 and 1.6 mg/mL dose groups compared with pretreatment values (p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). Consistently, treatment with the two lower doses markedly decreased the mean ulcer area (68% for 0.5 mg/mL and 50% for 1.6 mg/mL groups). No difference in healing was observed between the groups receiving 3.2 mg/mL of LL-37 and placebo. There were no safety concerns regarding local or systemic adverse events. In conclusion, topical treatment with LL-37 for chronic leg ulcers was safe and well tolerated with the marked effect on healing predictors at the two lower doses warranting further investigations.
Microwave organic synthesis (2015)

AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.
Accuracy of intraocular lens power prediction using the Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, and SRK/T formulas (2006)

The 4 IOL power formulas provided equivalent refractive results in the entire group of eyes and in the subsets of axial lengths tested.
Acoustic Sensor for Health Status Monitoring (1998)

ARL is developing sensor technology to monitor a soldier's health and activity by gathering and analyzing acoustic data. The sensor consists of a fluid or gel contained within a small conformable rubber bladder or pad that also includes a hydrophone. This enables the collection of high signal-to-noise ratio heartbeat, breath, voice, and other physiology. The pad also minimizes interference from ambient noise due to its poor coupling with airborne noise. When the sensor pad is in contact with a patient's thorax neck or temple region sounds can be immediately and continuously monitored.
A Digital Subscriber Carrier System for the Evolving Subscriber Loop Network (1982)

Subscriber carrier systems such as DMS-1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(TM)</sup> are currently being widely used for rural outside plant relief applications. However, there is a much larger application base for subscriber carrier in urban areas. Urban carrier systems will require significantly different features compared with rural systems. The applicability of these systems in urban loop plant is discussed and a system being designed by Northern Telecom and Bell-Northern Research to complement the existing DMS-1 system is described.
Antigen Priming with Enantiospecific Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles Induces Potent Antitumor CTL Responses through Novel Induction of a Type I IFN Response (2019)

Certain types of cationic lipids have shown promise in cancer immunotherapy, but their mechanism of action is poorly understood. In this study, we describe the properties of an immunotherapeutic consisting of the pure cationic lipid enantiomer R-1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethyl-ammonium-propane (R-DOTAP) formulated with modified viral or self-peptide Ags. R-DOTAP formulations with peptide Ags stimulate strong cross-presentation and potent CD8 T cell responses associated with a high frequency of polyfunctional CD8 T cells. In a human papillomavirus tumor model system, a single s.c. injection of tumor-bearing mice with R-DOTAP plus human papillomavirus Ags induces complete regression of large tumors associated with an influx of Ag-specific CD8 T cells and a reduction of the ratio of regulatory/Ag-specific CD8 T cells. R-DOTAP also synergizes with an anti-PD1 checkpoint inhibitor, resulting in a significant inhibition of B16 melanoma tumor growth. We found that R-DOTAP stimulates type I IFN production by dendritic cells in vivo and in vitro. s.c. injection of R-DOTAP results in an IFN-dependent increase in draining lymph node size and a concomitant increase in CD69 expression. Using knockout mice, we show that type I IFN is required for the induction of CD8 T cell activity following administration of R-DOTAP plus Ag. This response requires Myd88 but not TRIF or STING. We also show that R-DOTAP stimulates both TLR7 and 9. Collectively, these studies reveal that R-DOTAP stimulates endosomal TLRs, resulting in a Myd88-dependent production of type I IFN. When administered with Ag, this results in potent Ag-specific CD8 T cell responses and antitumor activity.
Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Signal Features Derived from Electrocardiography and Photoplethysmography in Healthy Individuals (2006)

The heart rate variability (HRV) signal is indicative of autonomic regulation of the heart rate (HR). It could be used as a noninvasive marker in monitoring the physiological state of an individual. Currently, the primary method of deriving the HRV signal is to acquire the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, apply appropriate QRS detection algorithms to locate the R wave and its peak, find the RR intervals, and perform suitable interpolation and resampling to produce a uniformly sampled tachogram. This process could sometimes result in errors in the HRV signal due to drift, electromagnetic and biologic interference, and the complex morphology of the ECG signal. The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal has the potential to eliminate the problems with the ECG signal to derive the HRV signal. To investigate this point, a PDA-based system was developed to simultaneously record ECG and PPG signals to facilitate accurately controlled sampling and recording durations. Two healthy young volunteers participated in this pilot study to evaluate the applicability of our approach. To improve data quality, ECG and PPG recordings were acquired three times/subject. A comparison between different features of the HRV signals derived from both methods was performed to test the validity of using PPG signals in HRV analysis. We used autoregressive (AR) modeling, Poincare' plots, cross correlation, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, skewness, kurtosis, and approximate entropy (ApEn) to derive and compare different measures from both ECG and PPG signals. This study demonstrated that our PDA-based system was a convenient and reliable means for acquisition of PPG-derived and ECG-derived HRV signals. The excellent agreement between different measures of HRV signals acquired from both methods provides potential support for the idea of using PPGs instead of ECGs in HRV signal derivation and analysis in ambulatory cardiac monitoring of healthy individuals.
Suppression of p53 activity and p21WAF1/CIP1 expression by vascular cell integrin alphaVbeta3 during angiogenesis. (1996)

Induction of p53 activity in cells undergoing DNA synthesis represents a molecular conflict that can lead to apoptosis. During angiogenesis, proliferative endothelial cells become apoptotic in response to antagonists of integrin alphavbeta3 and this leads to the regression of angiogenic blood vessels, thereby blocking the growth of various human tumors. Evidence is presented that administration of alphavbeta3 antagonists during angiogenesis in vivo selectively caused activation of endothelial cell p53 and increased expression of the p53-inducible cell cycle inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1. In vitro studies revealed that the ligation state of human endothelial cell alphavbeta3 directly influenced p53 activity and the bax cell death pathway. Specifically, agonists of endothelial cell alphavbeta3, but not other integrins, suppressed p53 activity, blocked p21WAF1/CIP1 expression, and increased the bcl-2/bax ratio, thereby promoting cell survival. Thus, ligation of vascular cell integrin alphavbeta3 promotes a critical and specific adhesion-dependent cell survival signal during angiogenesis leading to inhibition of p53 activity, decreased expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, and suppression of the bax cell death pathway.
Competitive market-based allocation of consumer attention space (2001)

The amount of attention space available for recommending suppliers to consumers on e-commerce sites is typically limited. We present a competitive distributed recommendation mechanism based on adaptive software agents for efficiently allocating the "consumer attention space", or banners. In our approach, each agent bids in an auction for the momentary attention of each consumer. Successive auctions allow agents to rapidly adapt their bidding strategy to focus on consumers interested in their offerings. We demonstrate the feasibility of our system by an evolutionary simulation, and reflect on the advantages of this distributed market-based approach.
Comparison of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S and nopaline synthase promoters in transgenic plants (1987)

We have compared the level of expression of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter and the nopaline synthase promoter when fused to a common reporter gene. A cassette containing the neomycin phosphotransferase (type II) coding sequence followed by the nopaline synthase 3' nontranslated region was used for transcriptional and translational evaluation of the two different promoters. These chimeric genes were introduced into petunia plants and the copy number of the gene, the steady state level of NPTII transcript and the levels of NPTII enzyme activity were determined. In this paper, we report that the NPT II transcript levels are on the average 30 fold higher in plants containing CaMV 35S promoter and leader sequences than in plants containing the same reporter gene but nopaline synthase promoter and leader sequences. Similarly, plants containing the CaMV 35S promoter had an average of 110 fold higher levels of NPTII enzyme activity than those containing the nopaline synthase promoter. The significance of these results for expression of foreign genes in plants is discussed. In addition, we describe the construction of a convenient plant expression cassette vector (pMON316) which utilizes the CaMV 35S promoter.
Transient suppression of tinnitus by transcranial magnetic stimulation (2002)

It has been proposed that tinnitus is associated with an irregular activation of the temporoparietal cortex. If this activity is a functionally relevant component of the tinnitus-related network, a virtual temporary lesion of this area should result in transient reduction of tinnitus. To test this hypothesis, we applied 10Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to eight scalp and four control positions in 14 patients with chronic tinnitus. Stimulation of left temporoparietal cortex significantly reduced tinnitus (Friedman analysis of variance, p < 0.05; compared with control), indicating that secondary auditory areas can be critical for tinnitus perception, perhaps as a consequence of maladaptive cortical reorganization.
THE MATERNAL TRANSMISSION OF VACCINIAL IMMUNITY IN SWINE (1934)

The protective substances produced by vaccinia virus in swine are transmitted repeatedly to the young by way of the colostrum of the sow. In 2 instances suckling immunity was demonstrable in the young of 6 successive farrowings which numbered 37 and 57 individuals, respectively. The immunity acquired by suckling began to decline during the 2nd month and was practically negligible by the end of the 3rd month. Vaccinia virus introduced cutaneously during the first few days of life in the passively protected pigs exerted little or no immunizing effect.
BCL2 protein expression parallels its mRNA level in normal and malignant B cells (2004)

The regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) protein expression in germinal center (GC) B cells has been controversial. Previous reports have indicated posttranscriptional regulation plays a dominant role. However, a number of recent studies contradicted these reports. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Standardized Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (StaRT-PCR), we measured the level of mRNA expression in GC, mantle zone (MNZ), and marginal zone (MGZ) cells from laser capture microdissection. Both quantitative RT-PCR measurements of microdissected GC cells from tonsils showed that GC cells had low expression of BCL2 transcripts commensurate with the low protein expression level. These results are in agreement with microarray studies on fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)-sorted cells and microdissected GC cells. We also examined BCL2 mRNA and protein expression on a series of 30 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and found, in general, a good correlation. The results suggested that BCL2 protein expression is regulated at the transcriptional level in normal B cells and in the neoplastic cells in most B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
Surface attached manganese–oxo clusters as potential contrast agents (2009)

Surface attachment of the manganese-oxo cluster known as Mn-12 provided aqueous solution stabilization that allowed investigation of the use of the cluster as an MRI contrast agent.