gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vasopressin-dependent Inhibition of the C-type Natriuretic Peptide Receptor, NPR-B/GC-B, Requires Elevated Intracellular Calcium Concentrations (2002)

Natriuretic peptides bind their cognate cell surface guanylyl cyclase receptors and elevate intracellular cGMP concentrations. In vascular smooth muscle cells, this results in the activation of the type I cGMP-dependent protein kinase and vasorelaxation. In contrast, pressor hormones like arginine-vasopressin, angiotensin II, and endothelin bind serpentine receptors that interact with G(q) and activate phospholipase Cbeta. The products of this enzyme, diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate, activate the conventional and novel forms of protein kinase C (PKC) and elevate intracellular calcium concentrations, respectively. The latter response results in vasoconstriction, which opposes the actions of natriuretic peptides. Previous reports have shown that pressor hormones inhibit natriuretic peptide receptors NPR-A or NPR-B in a variety of different cell types. Although the mechanism for this inhibition remains unknown, it has been universally accepted that PKC is an obligatory component of this pathway primarily because pharmacologic activators of PKC mimic the inhibitory effects of these hormones. Here, we show that in A10 vascular smooth muscle cells, neither chronic PKC down-regulation nor specific PKC inhibitors block the AVP-dependent desensitization of NPR-B even though both processes block PKC-dependent desensitization. In contrast, the cell-permeable calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, tetraacetoxymethyl ester), abrogates the AVP-dependent desensitization of NPR-B, and ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, mimics the AVP effect. These data show that the inositol trisphosphate/calcium arm of the phospholipase C pathway mediates the desensitization of a natriuretic peptide receptor in A10 cells. In addition, we report that CNP attenuates AVP-dependent elevations in intracellular calcium concentrations. Together, these data reveal a dominant role for intracellular calcium in the reciprocal regulation of these two important vasoactive signaling systems.
A new simple and efficient antialiasing with subpixel masks (1991)

Antialiasing of edges is often performed with the help of subpixel masks that indicate which parts of the pixel are covered by the object that has to be drawn. For this purpose, subpixel masks have to be generated during the scan conversion of an image. This paper introduces a new algorithm for creating subpixel masks that avoids some problems of traditional algorithms, like aliasing of high frequencies or blinking of small moving objects. The new algorithms can be implemented by lookup tables that make use of the inherent symmetry of the algorithm. The results are compared with conventional supersampling. A hardware implementation is described.
Analgesic efficacy and tolerability of ketoprofen lysine salt vs paracetamol in common paediatric surgery. A randomized, single‐blind, parallel, multicentre trial (2003)

Ketoprofen lysine salt can be considered a potent therapeutic approach to control postsurgery pain in children, and an alternative to other established drug regimens.
Exemplar-Based Graph Matching for Robust Facial Landmark Localization (2013)

Localizing facial landmarks is a fundamental step in facial image analysis. However, the problem is still challenging due to the large variability in pose and appearance, and the existence of occlusions in real-world face images. In this paper, we present exemplar-based graph matching (EGM), a robust framework for facial landmark localization. Compared to conventional algorithms, EGM has three advantages: (1) an affine-invariant shape constraint is learned online from similar exemplars to better adapt to the test face, (2) the optimal landmark configuration can be directly obtained by solving a graph matching problem with the learned shape constraint, (3) the graph matching problem can be optimized efficiently by linear programming. To our best knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply a graph matching technique for facial landmark localization. Experiments on several challenging datasets demonstrate the advantages of EGM over state-of-the-art methods.
CONSTRAINED PEPTIDES: MODELS OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES AND PROTEIN SUBSTRUCTURES (1992)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Preparation of Silyl- and Germylmetallic Compounds (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Silyl- and Germylmetallic CompoundsM. V. George, Donald J. Peterson, and Henry GilmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 2, 403–406Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01487a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01487a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1152Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generic Approach for the Generation of Stable Humanized Single-chain Fv Fragments from Rabbit Monoclonal Antibodies (2010)

Despite their favorable pharmacokinetic properties, single-chain Fv antibody fragments (scFvs) are not commonly used as therapeutics, mainly due to generally low stabilities and poor production yields. In this work, we describe the identification and optimization of a human scFv scaffold, termed FW1.4, which is suitable for humanization and stabilization of a broad variety of rabbit antibody variable domains. A motif consisting of five structurally relevant framework residues that are highly conserved in rabbit variable domains was introduced into FW1.4 to generate a generically applicable scFv scaffold, termed FW1.4gen. Grafting of complementarity determining regions (CDRs) from 15 different rabbit monoclonal antibodies onto FW1.4 and their derivatives resulted in humanized scFvs with binding affinities in the range from 4.7 x 10(-9) to 1.5 x 10(-11) m. Interestingly, minimalistic grafting of CDRs onto FW1.4gen, without any substitutions in the framework regions, resulted in affinities ranging from 5.7 x 10(-10) to <1.8 x 10(-12) m. When compared with progenitor rabbit scFvs, affinities of most humanized scFvs were similar. Moreover, in contrast to progenitor scFvs, which were difficult to produce, biophysical properties of the humanized scFvs were significantly improved, as exemplified by generally good production yields in a generic refolding process and by apparent melting temperatures between 53 and 86 degrees C. Thus, minimalistic grafting of rabbit CDRs on the FW1.4gen scaffold presents a simple and reproducible approach to humanize and stabilize rabbit variable domains.
A metalloprotease inhibitor blocks shedding of the 80-kD TNF receptor and TNF processing in T lymphocytes. (1995)

TNF is synthesized as a 26-kD membrane-anchored precursor and is proteolytically processed at the cell surface to yield the mature secreted 17-kD polypeptide. The 80-kD tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor (TNFR80) is also proteolytically cleaved at the cell surface (shed), releasing a soluble ligand-binding receptor fragment. Since processing of TNF and TNFR80 occurs concurrently in activated T cells, we asked whether a common protease may be involved. Here, we present evidence that a recently described inhibitor of TNF processing N-(D,L-[2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl]-4-methylpentanoyl)L- 3-(2'naphthyl)- alanyl-L-alanine, 2-aminoethyl amide (TAPI) also blocks shedding of TNFR80, suggesting that these processes may be coordinately regulated during T cell activation. In addition, studies of murine fibroblasts transfected with human TNFR80, or a cytoplasmic deletion form of TNFR80, reveal that inhibition of TNFR80 shedding by TAPI is independent of receptor phosphorylation and does not require the receptor cytoplasmic domain.
Antibodies to von Willebrand Factor–Cleaving Protease in Acute Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (1998)

Inhibitory antibodies against von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease occur in patients with acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. A deficiency of this protease is likely to have a critical role in the pathogenesis of platelet thrombosis in this disease.
A system-theoretic foundation for blind equalization of an FIR MIMO channel system (2002)

The system-theoretic foundation for blind equalization of a finite-impulse response (FIR) MIMO channel system in the channel-filter setting is investigated. In this setting, a general definition of equalizable channel system is presented, and its characterization is given: Every equalizable channel system has an FIR irreducible-paraunitary factorization. Based on this fact, we show that any equalizable channel system can be reduced to a paraunitary FIR system by a filter, called a whitener. It is shown that one such whitener can be designed by a linear prediction-based approach. It is also shown that if the original FIR channel system has no transmission zero at the origin, then the above paraunitary FIR channel system is a static system.
Mechanism of hydrogen peroxide formation catalyzed by NADPH oxidase in thyroid plasma membrane (1991)

The thyroid plasma membrane contains a Ca2(+)-regulated NADPH-dependent H2O2 generating system which provides H2O2 for the thyroid peroxidase-catalyzed biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. The plasma membrane fraction contains a Ca2(+)-independent cytochrome c reductase activity which is not inhibited by superoxide dismutase. But it is not known whether H2O2 is produced directly from molecular oxygen (O2) or formed via dismutation of super-oxide anion (O2-). Indirect evidence from electron scavenger studies indicate that the H2O2 generating system does not liberate O2-, but studies using the modified peroxidase, diacetyldeuteroheme horseradish peroxidase, to detect O2- indicate that H2O2 is provided via the dismutation of O2-. The present results provide indirect evidence that the cytochrome c reductase activity is not a component of the NADPH-dependent H2O2 generator, since it was removed by washing the plasma membranes with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid without affecting H2O2 generation. Spectral studies with diacetyldeuteroheme-substituted horseradish peroxidase showed that the thyroid NADPH-dependent H2O2 generator does not catalyze superoxide anion formation. The O2- adduct compound (compound III) was formed but was completely inhibited by catalase, indicating that the initial product was H2O2. The rate of NADPH oxidation also increased in the presence of diacetylheme peroxidase. This increase was blocked by catalase and was greatly enhanced by superoxide dismutase. The O2- adduct compound (compound III) was produced in the presence of NADPH when glucose-glucose oxidase (which does not produce O2-) was used as the H2O2 generator. NADPH oxidation occurred simultaneously and was enhanced by superoxide dismutase. We conclude that O2- formation occurs in the presence of an H2O2 generator, diacetylheme peroxidase and NADPH, but that it is not the primary product of the H2O2 generator. We suggest that O2- formation results from oxidation of NADPH, catalyzed by the diacetylheme peroxidase compound I, producing NADP degree, which in turn reacts with O2 to give O2-.
International Experience and Enlightenment of Microcredit Pattern (2011)

The success of microcredit within the international range depends on the use of the group credit, dynamic incentive, regular payment, Center meeting system, guarantee substitute and many other kinds of technologies to solve the problems effectively in the process of loan which are difficult to enforce, not easy to supervise. According to the different economic backgrounds, we should draw into and create new loan mechanisms and technologies. Key words: Microcredit; Pattern; International experience
[Immunological characteristic of children vertically infected with HIV: a case-control study]. (2006)

HIV infection in children causes a serious immunodeficiency with special characteristics that distinguish it from the adult, causing a global immune deficit. This is a case-control study between Cuban paediatric patients infected with HIV by vertical transmission and a control group of supposedly healthy children. Both groups were characterized from the clinical point of view and markers were used for evaluating the immunologic and virologycal state. Clinically 75% of patients present a pattern of precocious progression; from the total, only two stayed asymptomatic. All HIV-infected children receive antirretroviral treatment and three of them present values of viral load bigger than 100,000 cp/mL. The immune alterations found in the HIV-infected children compared with healthy children were: a cellular immune depletion with diminished counts of lymphocyte subsets T CD4+, CD16+/CD56+ and CD19+, an increase in subsets of CD3+, CD8+, CD8+/CD38+, CD3+/ CD95+ and a hypergammaglobulinemia due to prevalence of immunoglobulin gamma IgG (p < 0.05). On the other hand, there were not significantly differences in the serum levels of both C3 and C4, as well as in the haemolytic activity of the classic and alternate activation pathways of the complement system. This finding allowed better attention and treatment of paediatric HIV patients.
Enantioselective synthesis of β-amino acids (1997)

Partial table of contents: The Medicinal Chemistry of beta--Amino Acids: Paclitaxel as an Illustrative Example (T. Boge & G. Georg). Biological Activity of beta--Amino Acids and beta--Lactams (J. Tamariz). Selective Transformations of N,N--Dibenzyl Protected Asparagine and Aspartic Acid Derivatives (P. Gmeiner). Synthesis of Nonracemic beta--Amino Acids via Chiral Sulfinimines (F. Davis & R. Reddy). Enantioselective Synthesis of beta--Amino Acids via 6--Substituted Perhydropyrimidin--4--Ones (G. Cardillo & C. Tomasini). Efficient Stereoselective Preparation of the Taxol Phenylisoserine Side Chain (A. Koskinen & E. Karvinen). Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of the Side Chain of Taxol (C. Sih). Index.
IRIS hypermedia services (1992)

article Free Access Share on IRIS hypermedia services Authors: Bernard J. Haan Siemens-Nixdorf Information Systems, Cambridge, MA Siemens-Nixdorf Information Systems, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Paul Kahn Brown Univ., Providence, RI Brown Univ., Providence, RIView Profile , Victor A. Riley Silicon Graphics, Inc., Mountain View, CA Silicon Graphics, Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile , James H. Coombs Brown Univ., Providence, RI Brown Univ., Providence, RIView Profile , Norman K. Meyrowitz GO Corporation, Foster City, CA GO Corporation, Foster City, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 35Issue 1Jan. 1992 pp 36–51https://doi.org/10.1145/129617.129618Published:02 January 1992Publication History 96citation537DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations96Total Downloads537Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Two- and Three-Dimensional Flexible Grids for Reservoir Simulation (1996)

Abstract The commonly used Cartesian and hybrid local grid refinements have the disadvantage that the base grid is always Cartesian, which makes it difficult to align along reservoir heterogeneities.
Optical Coherence Tomography (2002)

OCT is a powerful imaging modality which can provide new insight in assessing and understanding normal and abnormal cardiac development in a variety of animal models.
Increased type II collagen degradation and very early focal cartilage degeneration is associated with upregulation of chondrocyte differentiation related genes in early human articular cartilage lesions. (2005)

Very early focal degeneration in knee articular cartilage is accompanied by upregulation of collagenase activity and expression of genes associated with chondrocyte terminal differentiation and matrix degradation. Thus chondrocyte differentiation may be closely related to the very early development of cartilage degeneration such as occurs in OA.
Warner-Lambert/Parke-Davis Award Lecture. Viral pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Impact of molecular mimicry and viral genes. (1991)

Human atherogenesis is a pleiotropic process with an undefined cause. Several pathologic factors have been linked to the disease process, including arterial injury or activation of the endothelium, which may injury or activation of the endothelium, which may initiate proatherosclerotic events in the vessel wall. Atherosclerotic lesions are characterized, in part, by the presence of activated immune cells, abnormal cell proliferation, and altered cholesterol metabolism. These activated immunocompetent cells in plaques produce vasoactive mediators that can alter homeostasis and may promote the arteriopathy. Both molecular and structural evidence is presented that herpesviruses, by way of induction of altered gene function and cellular cholesterol metabolism, coupled with their ability to activate coagulation and a monocyte receptor on the infected endothelium, are involved in major pathogenic events associated with atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Work from the author's laboratory, as well as from other research groups, have shown that avian and human herpesviruses act specifically to induce alterations to the surface and inner layers of the blood vessel wall that may predispose to atherosclerosis and its attendant clinical complications.
Significance of Nitrosamines in Betel Quid Carcinogenesis (1994)

Chewing betel quid has been estimated to be practiced by about 10% of the world's population (1). The high incidence of oral cancer in the Indian subcontinent has been causatively associated with this habit. The major carcinogens found in the saliva of betel quid chewers are three nitrosamines derived from Areca alkaloids (ADNA); 3-(methylnitrosamino)propionitrile (MNPN) nitrosoguvacoline (NG), and nitrosoguvacine (NGC). Capillary GC-TEA analyses have indicated the formation of additional nitrosamines in the saliva of betel quid chewers, namely, 3-(methylnitrosamino)propanal (MNPA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine, and 3-(methylnitrosamino)propionic acid. The confirmation of the identity of these compounds by mass spectrometry is now in progress. MNPN is a strong carcinogen in F344 rats. Upon subcutaneous injection it elicits benign and malignant tumors of the esophagus, tongue, nasal cavity, and liver (2,3). MNPN was also tested for its tumor initiating activity on mouse skin and for its tumorigenic potential in the oral mucosa of rats (4). On
Animal Cells, Hybridomas, Human Antibody Production (2010)

Abstract Cellular response to perturbations in the microenvironment manifests as a surge of physiological changes that have great impact on cellular metabolism and propagation. In bioprocess systems, mammalian cells engineered for the production of monoclonal antibodies or therapeutic proteins are sensitive to fluctuations in the culture environment. These fluctuations often directly translate to changes in maximum attainable cell concentration and/or specific protein productivity. In conjunction with feeding strategy optimization, the ability to understand and optimize the physical environment of animal culture systems is key to achieving a process that delivers consistent production of high titer batches. In this article we have reviewed comprehensively two critical physical culture parameters: osmolality and temperature, for their effects on general cellular physiology as well as their impacts on overall culture performance in bioprocess systems. Extreme levels of osmolality lead to volume‐regulatory responses, cytoskeletal reorganization, and trigger distinct cellular signaling pathways. Cellular responses to hypothermic conditions include reduced metabolic and growth rates, reduction of apoptosis frequency, and a cold‐shock response which involves the increased synthesis of several proteins. Exposure of cells to hyperosmotic conditions and/or subphysiological temperature (32–35°C) has been shown to enhance specific protein productivity in bioprocess systems. As live viruses are also commonly produced in industrial cell culture systems for vaccine processes, we have extended the scope of this article to include the effects of fluctuations in culture osmolality and temperature on the production of live viruses.
CD19-Regulated Signaling Thresholds Control Peripheral Tolerance and Autoantibody Production in B Lymphocytes (1997)

The CD19 cell surface molecule regulates signal transduction events critical for B lymphocyte development and humoral immunity. Increasing the density of CD19 expression renders B lymphocytes hyper-responsive to transmembrane signals, and transgenic mice that overexpress CD19 have increased levels of autoantibodies. The role of CD19 in tolerance regulation and autoantibody generation was therefore examined by crossing mice that overexpress a human CD19 transgene with transgenic mice expressing a model autoantigen (soluble hen egg lysozyme, sHEL) and high-affinity HEL-specific IgMa and IgDa (IgHEL) antigen receptors. In this model of peripheral tolerance, B cells in sHEL/IgHEL double-transgenic mice are functionally anergic and do not produce autoantibodies. However, it was found that overexpression of CD19 in sHEL/IgHEL double-transgenic mice resulted in a breakdown of peripheral tolerance and the production of anti-HEL antibodies at levels similar to those observed in IgHEL mice lacking the sHEL autoantigen. Therefore, altered signaling thresholds due to CD19 overexpression resulted in the breakdown of peripheral tolerance. Thus, CD19 overexpression shifts the balance between tolerance and immunity to autoimmunity by augmenting antigen receptor signaling.