gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) reduces severity of injury after ischemic acute renal failure in rat. (1998)

We have shown that osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) (bone morphogenetic protein-7) is responsible for the induction of nephrogenic mesenchyme during embryonic kidney development. Gene knock-out studies showed that OP-1 null mutant mice die of renal failure within the first day of postnatal life. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of recombinant human OP-1 for the treatment of acute renal failure after 60 min bilateral renal artery occlusion in rats. Bioavailability studies in normal rats indicate that approximately 1.4 microg OP-1/ml is available in the circulation 1 min after intravenous administration of 250 microg/kg, which then declines steadily with a half life of 30 min. About 0.5% of the administered OP-1 dose/g tissue is targeted for OP-1 receptors in the kidney. We show that OP-1 preserves kidney function, as determined by reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, and increased survival rate when administered 10 min before or 1 or 16 h after ischemia, and then at 24-h intervals up to 72 h after reperfusion. Histochemical and molecular analyses demonstrate that OP-1: (a) minimizes infarction and cell necrosis, and decreases the number of plugged tubules; (b) suppresses inflammation by downregulating the expression of intercellular adhesive molecule, and prevents the accumulation and activity of neutrophils; (c) maintains the expression of the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype in pericellular capillaries; and (d) reduces programmed cell death during the recovery. Collectively, these data suggest that OP-1 prevents the loss of kidney function associated with ischemic injury and may provide a basis for the treatment of acute renal failure.
Evidence for N- and C-terminal processing of a plant defense-related enzyme: Primary structure of tobacco prepro-β-1,3-glucanase (1988)

Tobacco glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase (beta-1,3-glucanase; 1,3-beta-D-glucan glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.39) exhibits complex hormonal and developmental regulation and is induced when plants are infected with pathogens. We determined the primary structure of this enzyme from the nucleotide sequence of five partial cDNA clones and the amino acid sequence of five peptides covering a total of 70 residues. beta-1,3-Glucanase is produced as a 359-residue preproenzyme with an N-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide of 21 residues and a C-terminal extension of 22 residues containing a putative N-glycosylation site. The results of pulse-chase experiments with tunicamycin provide evidence that the first step in processing is loss of the signal peptide and addition of an oligosaccharide side chain. The glycosylated intermediate is further processed with the loss of the oligosaccharide side chain and C-terminal extension to give the mature enzyme. Heterogeneity in the sequences of cDNA clones and of mature protein and in Southern blot analysis of restriction endonuclease fragments indicates that tobacco beta-1,3-glucanase is encoded by a small gene family. Two or three members of this family appear to have their evolutionary origin in each of the progenitors of tobacco, Nicotiana sylvestris and Nicotiana tomentosiformis.
Identification and characterization of bovine programmed death‐ligand 2 (2014)

Previous reports from this group have indicated that the immunoinhibitory programmed death (PD)-1 receptor and its ligand, PD-L1, are involved in the mechanism of immune evasion of bovine chronic infection. However, no functional analysis of bovine PD-L2 in cattle has been reported. Thus, in this study, the molecular function of bovine PD-L2 was analyzed in vitro. Recombinant PD-L2 (PD-L2-Ig), which comprises an extracellular domain of bovine PD-L2 fused to the Fc portion of rabbit IgG1, was prepared based on the cloned cDNA sequence for bovine PD-L2. Bovine PD-L2-Ig bound to bovine PD-1-expressing cells and addition of soluble bovine PD-1-Ig clearly inhibited the binding of PD-L2-Ig to membrane PD-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Cell proliferation and IFN-γ production were significantly enhanced in the presence of PD-L2-Ig in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cattle. Moreover, PD-L2-Ig significantly enhanced IFN-γ production from virus envelope peptides-stimulated PBMCs derived from bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle. Interestingly, PD-L2-Ig-induced IFN-γ production was further enhanced by treatment with anti-bovine PD-1 antibody. These data suggest potential applications of bovine PD-L2-Ig as a therapy for bovine diseases.
Gateways to clinical trials. March 2003. (2003)

Gateways to clinical Trials is a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. The data in the following tables has been retrieved from the Clinical Studies knowledge area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and devlopment protal, http://integrity.prous.com. This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: AAV-CF, adalimumab, ademetionine, afeletecan hydrochloride, agomelatine, alemtuzumab, almotriptan, amdoxovir, aplidine, aranose, arsenic sulfide, atazanavir, atlizumab; Bimatoprost, BMS-181176, BMS-188667, bortezomib, bryostatin 1; Combretastatin A-4 phosphate; Darbepoetin alfa, darusentan, deferasirox, desloratadine, DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib-vaccine, DTI-0009; Eculizumab, edodekin alfa, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, epoetin, esomeprazole magnesium etoricoxib; Fampridine, fenretinide, FR-146687; Galiximab, gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium, ganirelix acetate, gefitinib, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, gimatecan; HEA125xOKT3, hIL-13-PE38QQR, HSV-2 theracine, Hu14.18-IL-2, human gammaglobulin; Idraparinux sodium, imatinib mesylate, IMiD3, insulin detemir, interleukin-4, irofulven, ISAtx-247; JT-1001; Levetiracetam, levosimendan, liposomal doxorubicin, liposomal vincristine sulfate, lixivaptan, lopinavir, lumiracoxib; Maxacalcitol, melatonin, midostaurin, MLN-518; Neridronic acid, nesiritide, nitronaproxen; Oblimersen sodium, oregovomab; PEG-filgrastim polyglutamate paclitaxel, prasterone, pregabalin; Rosuvastatin calcium, rotigotine hydrochloride; SGN-30; T-1249, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, tiotropium bromide, tipranavir, TMC-114, trabectedin, transdermal selegiline; UK-427857; Valdecoxib, valganciclovir hydrochloride, vardenafil, vatalanib succinate, vincristine sulfate TCS; Zofenopril calcium.
Fabrication and Testing of Heated Atomic Force Microscope Cantilevers (2005)

The invention of the atomic force microscope (AFM) revolutionized the scientific world by providing researchers with the ability to make topographical maps of both conducting and non-conducting surfaces with nanometer resolution. As an alternative to optical AFM methods, thermal cantilevers have been investigated as a method to measure topography. This study reports the fabrication and testing of heated AFM cantilevers.\n\n This study transfers a fabrication process first developed at Stanford University to the Georgia Institute of Technology micro-fabrication facility and fabricates six different heated AFM cantilever designs. Selective impurity doping of a silicon cantilever allows it to become electrically conductive with a resistive element near the cantilever free end. Voltage applied across the cantilever legs induces current flow through the cantilever that generates heat in the resistive element. \n\nA deep understanding of the operational behavior and limits of the AFM cantilever is required to use the cantilever as an experimental tool. Characterization experiments determined the cantilever electrical resistance and temperature response. Experiments were conducted that electrically test heated AFM cantilevers at various system input voltages. Electrical and thermal responses of these cantilevers were compared against a theoretical model. The model utilizes heat transfer fundamentals and links the thermal response to the cantilever temperature-dependent electrical characteristics. Results of this study show that the fabricated heated AFM cantilevers have a tip with a radius of curvature as small as 20nm. Cantilever temperatures can exceed 700㠩n short pulses and, because the resistive heating element is also a temperature sensor, calibration of the cantilever temperature response is possible to within 1㮍
New antiulcer agents. 1. Synthesis and biological activities of 1-acyl-2-, -3-, and -4-substituted benzamidopiperidines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew antiulcer agents. 1. Synthesis and biological activities of 1-acyl-2-, -3-, and -4-substituted benzamidopiperidinesTsutomu Irikura and Kazunori KasugaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 4, 357–361Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00286a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00286a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wheat grain hardness results from highly conserved mutations in the friabilin components puroindoline a and b (1998)

"Soft" and "hard" are the two main market classes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and are distinguished by expression of the Hardness gene. Friabilin, a marker protein for grain softness (Ha), consists of two proteins, puroindoline a and b (pinA and pinB, respectively). We previously demonstrated that a glycine to serine mutation in pinB is linked inseparably to grain hardness. Here, we report that the pinB serine mutation is present in 9 of 13 additional randomly selected hard wheats and in none of 10 soft wheats. The four exceptional hard wheats not containing the serine mutation in pinB express no pinA, the remaining component of the marker protein friabilin. The absence of pinA protein was linked inseparably to grain hardness among 44 near-isogenic lines created between the soft variety Heron and the hard variety Falcon. Both pinA and pinB apparently are required for the expression of grain softness. The absence of pinA protein and transcript and a glycine-to-serine mutation in pinB are two highly conserved mutations associated with grain hardness, and these friabilin genes are the suggested tightly linked components of the Hardness gene. A previously described grain hardness related gene termed "GSP-1" (grain softness protein) is not controlled by chromosome 5D and is apparently not involved in grain hardness. The association of grain hardness with mutations in both pinA or pinB indicates that these two proteins alone may function together to effect grain softness. Elucidation of the molecular basis for grain hardness opens the way to understanding and eventually manipulating this wheat endosperm property.
Prognosis of the Fatigue Life of the Formed Metal Bellows Accumulator (1998)

Formed bellows accumulators have been mass produced far pulse absorbers of the vehicle active suspension systems since 1989, because of the features of no-gas-leakage and high-frequency-response. By these days' needs, pursuing more intensive space efficiency, we began to design it so that some modes of input pressure may be in the range beyond the fatigue limit of the bellows. On the other hand, we must make it clear that how the accumulator gets damaged by using within the range beyond the fatigue limit.In this report, we present a sample analysis and prognosis of the fatigue life of our accumulator. The prognosis is based on precise prediction of the system life and the Miner's law. We can apply this method to design accumulators for automobile parts which we must guarantee the fatigue life for the entire period of the system life.
Two-Photon Photochemical Generation of Reactive Enediyne (2006)

p-Quinoid cyclopropenone-containing enediyne precursor (1) has been synthesized by monocyclopropanation of one of the triple bonds in p-dimethoxy-substituted 3,4-benzocyclodeca-1,5-diyne followed by oxidative demethylation. Cyclopropenone 1 is stable up to 90 degrees C but readily produces reactive enediyne 2 upon single-photon (Phi(300)(nm) = 0.46) or two-photon (sigma(800 nm) = 0.5 GM) photolysis. The photoproduct 2 undergoes Bergman cyclization at 40 degrees C with the lifetime of 88 h.
Hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indoles: A New Class of Structurally Rigid Tricyclic Skeleton for Oxazaborolidine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Borane Reduction (2010)

Abstract A new class of structurally rigid tricyclic chiral ligands based on the hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐ b ]indole skeleton has been rationally designed and the catalytic abilities in asymmetric catalysis have been shown in the enantioselective borane reduction of prochiral ketones to afford the chiral alcohols in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee ).
1-Alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-iminoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acids: Synthesis, Structure and Properties (2002)

1-Alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-iminoquinoline-3-carboxylates undergo neutral hydrolysis (in H2O or H2O-EtOH mixtures) to yield water-soluble 4-iminoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids and the corresponding 4-oxo esters. Such 4-imino acids are also accessed by treating an appropriate 1-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid successively with thionyl chloride and an amine-H2O mixture, or from treatment of a 4-imino ester salt with aqueous amine. In the latter procedures 7-fluoro substituted substrates gave rise to 7-alkylamino derivatives even at room temperature. The title compounds are inferred to have an intramolecularly H-bonded charge transfer structure, and some of their chemical reactions and spectral (HRMS, 1H NMR) properties are described. 
South African Journal of Chemistry Vol.55 2002: 13-33
Acidic pH increases the avidity of FcγR for immune complexes (1999)

The interaction of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with FcgammaR constitutes a critical mechanism through which IgG antibody effector functions are mediated. In the current work we have examined whether human neutrophil FcgammaR exhibit pH dependence in their association with IgG. Binding assays were performed in culture medium adjusted to different pH values. It was found that the binding of either heat-aggregated human IgG (AIgG), soluble immune complexes (sIC) or IgG-coated erythrocytes (IgG-E) was markedly higher at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.3. This effect was not observed when saturation of FcgammaR was achieved, suggesting that acidic pH increases the avidity of FcgammaR for IC without modifying the total binding capacity. Similar results were observed for the binding of AIgG to either monocytes, natural killer (NK) or K562 cells, suggesting that acidic pH increases the avidity of both, FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII. Additional experiments were performed to analyse whether the binding of IgG to FcgammaRI also showed pH dependence. To this aim, we employed interferon-gamma-treated human neutrophils and mouse inflammatory macrophages, previously incubated with blocking antibodies directed to FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII. Acidic pH did not enhance the binding of AIgG nor monomeric IgG under these experimental conditions. Further studies are required to determine whether the enhancement of FcgammaR avidity for IC could be attributed to titration of histidine(s) residues on the Fc fragment of IgG.
Ehrlichia-like 16S rDNA Sequence from Wild White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (1996)

The reservoir hosts of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis are unknown. Initially, white-tailed deer (WTD) were serologically implicated as possible reservoirs of E. chaffeensis. Subsequent studies showed that WTD were susceptible to infection with E. chaffeensis and that deer-to-deer transmission by a tick vector, Amblyomma americanum, is possible under experimental conditions. To determine if wild WTD were infected with E. chaffeensis, whole blood was collected from 10 deer from Oklahoma and Georgia. All 10 deer had antibodies reactive to E. chaffeensis. Whereas E. chaffeensis was not isolated, restriction enzyme mapping and sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene revealed that a unique Ehrlichia-like agent was present. All 10 deer appeared to be infected with the same agent. We suspect that A. americanum is the vector of this new agent based upon the previously published temporal association between the appearance of E. chaffeensis seropositive WTD and A. americanum. However, the taxonomic and antigenic relationships, geographic distribution, epidemiology, and zoonotic potential of this agent are yet to be determined.
The PEPSIOS Purely Interferometric High-Resolution Scanning Spectrometer I The Pilot Model (1963)

A description is given of the design principles, structure, and use of the PEPSIOS (trade mark) spectrometer, a versatile, easily portable, purely interferometric, high resolution short-range scanning instrument consisting essentially of an interference filter and several simultaneously pressure-swept Fabry–Perot etalons in series. In the study of a continuum, where it was necessary to isolate a single order, it has exhibited a luminosity 102 as great as that of a comparable modern grating-etalon combination instrument at the same resolution and is considerably lighter, smaller, and mechanically more stable. Although designed primarily for the photoelectric measurement of the total flux through an axial zone, the instrument has the property of producing a two-dimensional spatially resolved image at high spectroscopic resolution.
Oslerian Genomics for Prostate Cancer Oncology. (2016)

The great strength of the PCWG3 is the recognition that second- , third- , and fourth-line treatments offer new possibilities for extending overall survival.
Structure of the 70 S Ribosome Complexed with mRNA and tRNA (2006)

The crystal structure of the bacterial 70S ribosome refined to 2.8 angstrom resolution reveals atomic details of its interactions with messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). A metal ion stabilizes a kink in the mRNA that demarcates the boundary between A and P sites, which is potentially important to prevent slippage of mRNA. Metal ions also stabilize the intersubunit interface. The interactions of E-site tRNA with the 50S subunit have both similarities and differences compared to those in the archaeal ribosome. The structure also rationalizes much biochemical and genetic data on translation.
Nitrolinoleate, a nitric oxide-derived mediator of cell function: Synthesis, characterization, and vasomotor activity (2002)

Nitric oxide (*NO) and *NO-derived reactive species rapidly react with lipids during both autocatalytic and enzymatic oxidation reactions to yield nitrated derivatives that serve as cell signaling molecules. Herein we report the synthesis, purification, characterization, and bioactivity of nitrolinoleate (LNO2). Nitroselenylation of linoleic acid yielded LNO2 that was purified by solvent extraction, silicic acid chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC. Structural characterization was performed by IR spectroscopy, 15N-NMR, LC-negative ion electrospray mass spectroscopy (MS), and chemiluminescent nitrogen analysis. Quantitative MS analysis of cell and vessel LNO2 metabolism, using L[15N]O2 as an internal standard, revealed that LNO2 is rapidly metabolized by rat aortic smooth muscle (RASM) monolayers and rat thoracic aorta, resulting in nitrite production and up to 3-fold increases in cGMP (ED50 = 30 microM for RASM, 50 microM for aorta). LNO2 induced endothelium-independent relaxation of preconstricted rat aortic rings, which was unaffected by L(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester addition and inhibited by the guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one and the *NO scavenger HbO2. These results reveal that synthetic LNO2, identical to lipid derivatives produced biologically by the reaction of *NO and *NO-derived species with oxidizing unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., linoleate), can transduce vascular signaling actions of *NO.
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate and intracellular pH as interdependent determinants of the physiologic solubility of deoxyhemoglobin S (1990)

We have established that 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) content and intracellular pH exert separate, but interdependent, effects on the equilibrium solubility (csat) of deoxyhemoglobin S (deoxy-Hb S) that act in concert to modulate intraerythrocytic polymer formation. In a nonphysiologic csat assay system, a steep dependence of csat on pH in the physiologic range 7.0 to 7.6 was shown for both stripped (Hb) and DPG-saturated deoxy-Hb S (Hb-DPG). The solubility-pH profile for Hb under near-physiologic buffer conditions also showed that csat increased steeply in the same pH range (6.8 to 7.6). The effect of 2,3-DPG on csat under near-physiologic conditions was evaluated separately. At pH 7.20, the pH of the human red blood cell, csat values for Hb and Hb-DPG were 19.56 +/- 0.14 and 17.95 +/- 0.45 g/dL, respectively, indicating that the solubility of Hb-DPG is lower than that of Hb by 8.2% +/- 2.3%. Thus, binding of 2,3-DPG in the beta-cleft promotes the polymerization of deoxy-Hb S, the ultimate determinant of cell sickling. Furthermore, because of the abnormal Bohr effect of sickle blood (approximately double that of normal blood), the intracellular pH of deoxygenated sickle erythrocytes should be approximately 0.28 pH unit higher than that of oxygenated cells (ie, 7.41 v 7.13). At the higher pH, the corresponding csat for Hb-DPG is 20.22 g/dL, which is the best estimate of the intrinsic solubility of T-state Hb S under conditions that approximate closely those of pH, temperature, ionic strength, and 2,3-DPG saturation in the fully desaturated sickle erythrocyte.
Application of biological dressings from radiosterilized amnios with cobalt 60 and serologic studies on the handling of burns in pediatric patients. (2003)

We present the use of biological dressing (amnios) as an alternative for skin replacement due to burn accidents. With the use of serologic tests, it is guaranteed to be free of the possibility of transmitting infectious diseases. The amnios is sterilized with 60Co gamma radiation. In this way, amnios is free of bacteria and fungi. In addition, with the use of serologic tests at the moment of the childbirth and 6 months later, we can be sure that it won't transmit the syphilis, AIDS, hepatitis b and c viruses. This treatment was applied to 12 children with burns of 1 degree and 2 degrees degree (7 girls and 5 boys) that required hospitalization. The application is very simple. It does not require of anesthesic procedure, or the use of surgical room. The pain decreased notoriously, and the procedure can be repeated as frequently as necessary. Once the dressing is applied, it does not require any type of surgical cleaning. The scaring process begins at the borders and under the dressing, where there is a new tissue. It decreases: 1) the possibility of infection, and therefore reduces the consumption of antibiotic; 2) the use of analgesics; 3) the time of scaring and 4) the number of days of hospitalization.