gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Application of High-Resolution Spectral Analysis for Identifying Multiple Combined Faults in Induction Motors (2011)

Induction motors are critical components for most industries. Induction motor failures may yield an unexpected interruption at the industry plant. Several conventional vibration and current analysis techniques exist by which certain faults in rotating machinery can be identified; however, they generally deal with a single fault only. Instead, in real induction machines, the case of multiple faults is common. When multiple faults exist, vibration and current are excited by several fault-related frequencies combined with each other, linearly or nonlinearly. Different techniques have been proposed for the diagnosis of rotating machinery in literature, where most of them are focused on detecting single faults and few works deal with the diagnosis and identification of multiple combined faults. The contribution of this paper is the development of a condition-monitoring strategy that can make accurate and reliable assessments of the presence of specific fault conditions in induction motors with single or multiple combined faults present. The proposed method combines a finite impulse response filter bank with high-resolution spectral analysis based on multiple signal classification for an accurate identification of the frequency-related fault. Results show the methodology potentiality as a deterministic detection technique that is suited for detecting multiple features where the fault-related frequencies are very close to those analytically reported in literature.
Compatible Image Compression (2008)

New image compression method is presented. The presented system is compatible with JPEG one. Compatibility is one of the most important factors for image compression, because JPEG system is utilized for almost every imaging devices and mobiles, etc. First the image is divided into 4 small similar images and one of the 4 images is compressed and coded by using JPEG system. At the receiver side the left 3 images are reconstructed by an interpolation technique. The employed interpolation method is cubic convolution one for image-nonedge area. A directional optimal estimator is used to reconstruct the pixel on the image edge area. Different optimal coefficients of the estimator are calculated for vertical, horizontal and diagonal image edge direction. Simulation example shows that the presented method gives us better image quality than other interpolation methods do.
Allocation Rules and Their Error Rates (1966)

Summary The problem of choosing allocation rules and assessing their errors of mis-allocation is formulated in general terms. An inequality connecting the average apparent, the optimum, and the average actual error is established. The distributions of the actual and apparent errors are considered in some special cases. The estimation of the average actual error is also considered.
Allogeneic cell therapy with donor peripheral blood cells and recombinant human interleukin-2 to treat leukemia relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (1996)

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only effective treatment for hematologic malignancies resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Until recently, no cure existed for patients who relapsed post-BMT. We present our long-term observations on remission induction, after relapse post-BMT, by allogeneic cell therapy (allo-CT) and the feasibility of remission induction in allo-CT-resistant patients by activation of antileukemia effector cells with recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) in vitro and in vivo. The longest observation of successful allo-CT (event-free survival, greater than 8 years) was made in a patient with resistant pre-B lymphoblastic leukemia who received infusions with graded increments of donor (female) peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) as soon as bulky hematologic and extramedullary relapse was noticed early post-BMT. The patient is currently without evidence of residual host (male) cells as determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 17 patients with acute and chronic leukemia in relapse after BMT, 10 were reinduced into complete remission. Four patients with cytogenetic relapse responded to allo-CT alone, while five of six patients with overt hematologic relapse responded only after additional activation of donor with rhIL-2. Allo-CT can, therefore, successfully reverse chemoradiotherapy-resistant relapse of both acute and chronic leukemia. Moreover, in patients resistant to donor lymphocyte infusion, remission can be accomplished by additionally activating donor PBL in vitro and/or in vivo with rhIL-2. Based on our observations, after BMT, allo-CT should be considered the treatment of choice for patients with hematologic malignancies resistant to conventional anticancer modalities. Allogeneic activated cell therapy (allo ACT) should be considered for patients with tumor cells resistant to allo-CT. Although allo-CT, followed if indicated by allo-ACT, can be effective for patients with overt hematologic relapse, reversal of persistent minimal residual disease or documented molecular/cytogenetic relapse early after BMT may also be considered as a possible indication for allo-CT.
OMP (1990)

This paper presents the architectural design and RISC based implementation of a prototype supercomputer, namely the Orthogonal MultiProcessor (OMP). The OMP system is constructed with 16 Intel 1860 RISC microprocessors and 256 parallel memory modules, which are 2-D interleaved and orthogonally accessed using custom-designed spanning buses. The architectural design has been validated by a CSIM-based multiprocessor simulator. The design choices are based on worst-case delay analysis and simulation validation. The current OMP prototype chooses a 2-dimensional memory architecture, mainly for image processing, computer vision, and neural network simulation applications. The 16-processor OMP prototype is targeted to achieve a peak performance of 400 RISC integer MIPS or a maximum of 640 Mflops. This paper presents the architectural design of the OMP prototype at system and PC board levels. We are presently entering the fabrication stage of all the PC boards. The system is expected to become operational in late 1991 and benchmarking results will be available in 1992. Only hardware design features are reported here. Software and simulation results are reported elsewhere.
A simple and reliable pretreatment protocol facilitates fluorescent in situ hybridisation on tissue microarrays of paraffin wax embedded tumour samples (2003)

This pretreatment protocol is easy, reproducible, and facilitates FISH on tissue microarrays, with potential for widespread application in cancer research.
Structures of Organo Alkali Metal Complexes and Related Compounds (1993)

Abstract The investigation of the reactivity and structure of organometallic compounds of alkali metals has experienced a blustering development in the last decades. This class includes compounds that are especially important for our understanding of chemical bonding and also quite simple, for example methyl alkali metal complexes, whose structures have been unequivocally determined. Organometallic compounds of alkali metals (and also magnesium) generally exist as ion aggregates whose properties can be significantly modified through solvation by, for example, ether or amines. Important advances in the synthesis of new compounds, especially those of the heavier alkali metals, have been based on these results. It was long believed that the alkali metals had little tendency to undergo coordination and that their coordination chemistry would offer few surprises. This picture has now changed completely. Results from crystal structure investigations have revealed a variety of often surprising structure types (rings, heterocubanes, chains, layers, etc.) not only with the organometallic compounds but also with the amides, imides, alkoxides, phenoxides, enolates, and even halides. A comparison reveals interesting similarities between compounds that appear to be so different and leads to a general classification of the structure types possible with C, N, O, and halo ligands.
Maltose/Maltodextrin System ofEscherichia coli: Transport, Metabolism, and Regulation (1998)

The maltose system of Escherichia coli offers an unusually rich set of enzymes, transporters, and regulators as objects of study. This system is responsible for the uptake and metabolism of glucose polymers (maltodextrins), which must be a preferred class of nutrients for E. coli in both mammalian hosts and in the environment. Because the metabolism of glucose polymers must be coordinated with both the anabolic and catabolic uses of glucose and glycogen, an intricate set of regulatory mechanisms controls the expression of mal genes, the activity of the maltose transporter, and the activities of the maltose/maltodextrin catabolic enzymes. The ease of isolating many of the mal gene products has contributed greatly to the understanding of the structures and functions of several classes of proteins. Not only was the outer membrane maltoporin, LamB, or the phage lambda receptor, the first virus receptor to be isolated, but also its three-dimensional structure, together with extensive knowledge of functional sites for ligand binding as well as for phage lambda binding, has led to a relatively complete description of this sugar-specific aqueous channel. The periplasmic maltose binding protein (MBP) has been studied with respect to its role in both maltose transport and maltose taxis. Again, the combination of structural and functional information has led to a significant understanding of how this soluble receptor participates in signaling the presence of sugar to the chemosensory apparatus as well as how it participates in sugar transport. The maltose transporter belongs to the ATP binding cassette family, and although its structure is not yet known at atomic resolution, there is some insight into the structures of several functional sites, including those that are involved in interactions with MBP and recognition of substrates and ATP. A particularly astonishing discovery is the direct participation of the transporter in transcriptional control of the mal regulon. The MalT protein activates transcription at all mal promoters. A subset also requires the cyclic AMP receptor protein for transcription. The MalT protein requires maltotriose and ATP as ligands for binding to a dodecanucleotide MalT box that appears in multiple copies upstream of all mal promoters. Recent data indicate that the ATP binding cassette transporter subunit MalK can directly inhibit MalT when the transporter is inactive due to the absence of substrate. Despite this wealth of knowledge, there are still basic issues that require clarification concerning the mechanism of MalT-mediated activation, repression by the transporter, biosynthesis and assembly of the outer membrane and inner membrane transporter proteins, and interrelationships between the mal enzymes and those of glucose and glycogen metabolism.
Genetic basis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide antigenic variation (1995)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide (LOS) undergoes antigenic variation at a high rate, and this variation can be monitored by changes in a strain's ability to bind LOS-specific monoclonal antibodies. We report here the cloning and identification of a gene, lsi-2, that can mediate this variation. The DNA sequence of lsi-2 has been determined for N. gonorrhoeae 1291, a strain that expresses a high-molecular-mass LOS, and a derivative of this strain, RS132L, that produces a truncated LOS. In the parental strain, lsi-2 contains a string of 12 guanines in the middle of its coding sequence. In cells that had antigenically varied to produce a truncated LOS, the number of guanines in lsi-2 was altered. Site-specific deletions were constructed to verify that expression of a 3.6-kDa LOS is due to alterations in lsi-2.
Effect of Donor Age on Function of Isolated Human Islets (2006)

This study intended to evaluate the impact of donor age on the function of isolated islets. Analysis of human islets from cadaveric donors (age 16-70 years) was performed using glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIR) (n = 93), islet ATP content (n = 27), diabetic nude mouse bioassay (n = 72), and the insulin secretory function after single-donor clinical islet allotransplantation (n = 7). The GSIR index was significantly higher in younger donors (age < or =40 years) than in older donors and negatively correlated with the donor age (r = -0.535). Islet ATP was higher in younger donors (115.7 +/- 17.7 vs. 75.7 +/- 6.6 pmol/microg DNA). The diabetes reversal rate of mice with 2,000 IE was significantly higher in younger donors (96 vs. 68%). C-peptide increment to glucose during intravenous glucose tolerance test at days 90-120 after clinical transplantation showed negative correlation with donor age (r = -0.872) and positive correlation with the islet mass (r = 0.832). On the other hand, acute insulin response to arginine only showed correlation with the islet mass and not with donor age. These results show that insulin secretory response to glucose deteriorates with increasing age and that it may be related to changes in ATP generation in beta-cells.
Bronchial responsiveness to histamine: relationship to diurnal variation of peak flow rate, improvement after bronchodilator, and airway calibre (1982)

Features of asthma include increases in both bronchial responsiveness and variability of airflow rates. We examined the relationship between bronchial responsiveness to histamine and the variation of peak expiratory flow rate (PFR) during the day and in response to salbutamol (200 μg), and the initial FEV<sub>1</sub> at the time of the histamine test and FEV<sub>1</sub> response to salbutamol. Bronchial responsiveness to histamine was expressed as the provocation concentration causing a fall in FEV<sub>1</sub> of 20% (PC<sub>20</sub>). PC<sub>20</sub> ranged between 13·9 and 130 mg/ml in nonasthmatic subjects, between 10·5 and 59·9 mg/ml in five asymptomatic asthmatics, and between 0·03 and 20·8 mg/ml in 27 asthmatics with symptoms controlled by medication. The lower the PC<sub>20</sub> (the greater the bronchial responsiveness) the lower the morning PFR (r = 0·79), the greater the increase in PFR after salbutamol (morning r = −0·75, evening r = −0·80), and the greater the difference between the highest and lowest PFR each day (r = −0·81). Measurements of PFR were abnormal, compared with those in nonasthmatic subjects, in all subjects with a PC<sub>20</sub> less than 2 mg/ml—that is, moderate or severe increase in nonspecific bronchial responsiveness—and in none with a PC<sub>20</sub> greater than 21 mg/ml—that is, normal responsiveness; five of nine asthmatics with controlled symptoms had abnormal PFR measurements when PC<sub>20</sub> was between 2 and 21 mg/ml—that is, mild hyperresponsiveness. In contrast, FEV<sub>1</sub> at the time of the histamine test was greater than 80% predicted in all subjects with a PC<sub>20</sub> greater than 2 mg/ml and was not less than this in 10 of 18 subjects with a PC<sub>20</sub> less than 2 mg/ml. When improvement in FEV<sub>1</sub> was 20% or more after salbutamol, the PC<sub>20</sub> was usually moderately or severely increased (less than 0·4 mg/ml). The results identify a close relationship between nonspecific bronchial responsiveness to histamine and the variability in flow rates which occurs spontaneously and after bronchodilator. In addition, they raise the possibility that increased airflow obstruction in asthma may be a consequence of increased responsiveness.
Physical and Biological Evaluation of Silk Fibroin Gels (2004)

Philadelphia, PA, USA, August 22-26, 2004.
The terminal a sequence of the herpes simplex virus genome contains the promoter of a gene located in the repeat sequences of the L component (1986)

The herpes simplex virus DNA genome consists of two covalently linked components, L and S. The unique sequences of the L component are flanked by 9-kilobase-pair inverted repeat sequences ab and b'a', whereas those of the S component are flanked by 6.5-kilobase-pair inverted repeat sequences c'a' and ca. We report that the 500-base-pair a sequence contains the promoter-regulatory domain and the transcription initiation site of a diploid gene, the coding sequences of which are located in the b sequences of the inverted repeats of the L component. The chimeric gene constructed by fusion of the a sequence to the coding sequences of the thymidine kinase gene and recombined into the viral genome was regulated as a gamma 1 gene. The size of the protein predicted from its sequence is 358 amino acids; it was designated as infected cell protein (ICP) 34.5. Thus, the inverted repeats flanking the unique sequences of the L component contain two genes specifying ICP0 and ICP34.5, respectively. Moreover, in addition to the cis-acting sites for the inversion of L and S components relative to each other, for cleavage of unit length DNA molecules from head-to-tail concatemers, and for packaging of the DNA into capsids, the a sequence also contains the promoter-regulatory domain and transcription initiation sites of a gene.
Corneal virulence of Staphylococcus aureus: roles of alpha-toxin and protein A in pathogenesis (1994)

Staphylococcus aureus produces a variety of proteins, including alpha-toxin and protein A, that could contribute to corneal tissue damage during keratitis. We examined corneal infections produced by intrastromal injection of four S. aureus strains--three isogenic mutants, one lacking alpha-toxin (Hly- Spa+), one lacking protein A (Hly+ Spa-), and one lacking both alpha-toxin and protein A (Hly- Spa-), and the wild type (Hly+ Spa+)--in a rabbit model of experimental keratitis. Rabbit corneas were injected intrastromally with 100 CFU of one of the four strains, and the eyes were examined by slit lamp biomicroscopy over a 25-h period. Corneal homogenates were used for determination of CFU and neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity at 5-h intervals. All strains had the same logarithmic growth curve from 0 to 10 h postinfection, after which CFU remained constant at 10(7) CFU per cornea. By 15 h postinfection, slit lamp examination scores were significantly higher for eyes infected with Hly+ strains than for Hly(-)-infected eyes. At this time, distinct epithelial erosions were seen in Hly(+)-infected eyes but not in Hly(-)-infected eyes. Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly greater for Hly(+)-infected corneas than for Hly(-)-infected corneas at both 20 and 25 h postinfection. Spa(+)- and Spa(-)-infected eyes showed no differences in slit lamp examination scores or myeloperoxidase activities. These results suggest that alpha-toxin, but not protein A, is a major virulence factor in staphylococcal keratitis, mediating the destruction of corneal tissue in eyes infected with this bacterial pathogen.
Hybrid solar cells based on organic material embedded into porous silicon (2005)

Solar cells based on organic and inorganic materials are an emerging technology for a new generation of photovoltaics (PV). Hybrid solar cells, which use both organic and inorganic components, have advantages such as cost-effective processing and the ability to fabricate devices on flexible substrates. The combination of organic materials with semiconductor nanostructures allows enhancement of the conversion efficiency due to the fast electron transport in semiconductors and a high interface area between organic and inorganic components. In our work, anodized porous Si (PSi) was chosen as a host matrix filled with Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPC) molecules. The resulting nanocomposite can yield high performance novel materials for solar cells. The fabrication of PSi was completed using electrochemical etching of Si in diluted hydrofluoric acid (HF). Also, this process, with some modifications, can be applied to produce free-standing PSi films of desired thickness. PSi layer was filled with CuPC dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid. The top contact was made by sputtering of Au or ITO. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3% (33 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) was obtained for 12 um thick n-type pSi layer with pore sizes of approximately 15 nm filled with CuPC. The electrochemical etching of Si under different conditions was carried out to optimize the photovoltaic parameters. A detailed investigation of the solar cell performance depending on porous layer thicknesses and pore sizes is presented. The use of free-standing films of PSi can lead to the fabrication of novel PV solar cells on flexible substrates with high conversion efficiency.
The Acid-catalyzed Conversion of Codeinone to 8-Hydroxydihydrocodeinone (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Acid-catalyzed Conversion of Codeinone to 8-HydroxydihydrocodeinoneStephen P. Findlay and Lyndon F. SmallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 8, 4001–4004Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01152a130https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01152a130research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Finite element comparison of performance related characteristics of balloon expandable stents (2006)

Cardiovascular stents are commonly made from 316L stainless steel and are deployed within stenosed arterial lesions using balloon expansion. Deployment involves inflating the balloon and plastically deforming the stent until the required diameter is obtained. This plastic deformation induces static stresses in the stent, which will remain for the lifetime of the device. In order to determine these stresses, finite element models of the unit cells of geometrically different, commercially available balloon expandable stents have been created, and deployment and elastic recoil have been simulated. In this work the residual stresses associated with deployment and recoil are compared for the various stent geometries, with a view to establishing appropriate initial stress states for fatigue loading for the stents. The maximum, minimum, and mean stresses induced in the stent due to systolic/diastolic pressure are evaluated, as are performance measures such as radial and longitudinal recoil.
Stereocomplex Mediated Gelation of PEG‐(PLA)2 and PEG‐(PLA)8 Block Copolymers (2005)

Abstract Stereocomplex mediated hydrogels have been prepared by mixing solutions of polymers of opposite chirality of either PEG‐(PLA) 2 triblock copolymers or PEG‐(PLA) 8 star block copolymers. The critical gel concentrations of the mixed enantiomer solutions were considerably lower compared to polymer solutions containing only the single enantiomer. Moreover, gel‐sol transition temperatures were increased and gel regions were expanded due to stereocomplexation. Rheology measurements showed that stereocomplexed hydrogels based on PEG‐(PLA) 8 have higher storage moduli compared to those based on PEG‐(PLA) 2 . Stereocomplexed hydrogels prepared from 13 wt% PEG‐(PLA) 2 solutions in PBS showed a storage modulus of 0.9 kPa at 37 °C, while at similar conditions stereocomplexed hydrogels of PEG‐(PLA) 8 showed a storage modulus of 1.9 kPa at 10 wt%.