gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nerve palsy associated with total hip replacement. Risk factors and prognosis. (1991)

We reviewed the results of 3126 consecutive total hip replacements and identified postoperative neuropathy in the ipsilateral lower extremity after fifty-three (1.7 per cent) over-all and after 1.3 per cent of the primary arthroplasties. The prevalence was 5.2 per cent after the primary arthroplasties that had been done for congenital dislocation or dysplasia of the hip and 3.2 per cent after the revisions (all diagnoses). Thus, these two types of operations were risk factors (p less than 0.01). Limb-lengthening only partially accounted for the increased prevalence of neuropathy after these procedures. The sciatic nerve was involved in all but five extremities. The cause of the palsy was unclear or unknown in thirty (57 per cent) of the extremities. When the patients were last seen, at a minimum of one year and a maximum of sixteen and one-half years after the operation, seven extremities were normal neurologically, thirty-three had a mild neurological deficit, and thirteen had a major deficit. All patients who had complete recovery of neurological function had it by twenty-one months. Of thirty-six extremities that were evaluated at a minimum of twenty-four months after the operation, seven were neurologically normal, twenty-three had a mild persistent deficit, and six had a major persistent deficit. The ability to walk decreased for all patients who had a nerve palsy. The greatest disability was in the patients who had been forty-eight years old or less and had had a primary total hip replacement (p = 0.037). The prognosis for neurological recovery was related to the degree to which the nerve was damaged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Security policy testing via automated program code generation (2009)

Access control is one of the fundamental security mechanisms for information systems. It determines the availability of resources to principals, operations that can be performed, and under what circumstances. Traditionally the enforcement of access control is often hardcoded in applications or systems; such hardcoding makes it hard to verify the correctness of access control and to accommodate changes of security requirements. Recently, access control policies have been increasingly separated from enforcement mechanisms. An access control policy is explicitly specified using certain policy languages with well-defined syntax and semantics. An application then consults the policy during runtime to determine whether an access request from a principal should be allowed or denied. There are two main advantages of this approach. First, security officers can now perform systematic and formal security analysis on access control policies. Second, by separating policies from enforcement mechanisms, it is possible to change policies without affecting the underlying mechanisms, and vice versa.
Catalysis for the Valorization of Exhaust Carbon: from CO2to Chemicals, Materials, and Fuels. Technological Use of CO2 (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCatalysis for the Valorization of Exhaust Carbon: from CO2 to Chemicals, Materials, and Fuels. Technological Use of CO2Michele Aresta*†, Angela Dibenedetto†‡, and Antonella Angelini†‡View Author Information† CIRCC, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy‡ Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy*E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: 0039 080 544 2084. Fax: 0039 080 544 3606.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 3, 1709–1742Publication Date (Web):December 9, 2013Publication History Received20 May 2013Published online9 December 2013Published inissue 12 February 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr4002758https://doi.org/10.1021/cr4002758review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35107Altmetric-Citations2422LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Catalysts,Energy,Inorganic carbon compounds,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Hyaluronidase: from clinical applications to molecular and cellular mechanisms (2016)

Over the past 60 years, hyaluronidase has been successfully utilized in ophthalmic surgery and is now being implemented in dermatosurgery as well as in other surgical disciplines. The enzyme is considered a "spreading factor" as it decomplexes hyaluronic acid (also called hyaluronan, HA), an essential component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). When applied as an adjuvant, hyaluronidase enhances the diffusion capacity and bioavailability of injected drugs. Therefore, the enzyme has been used as a local adjuvant to increase the diffusion capacity of local anesthetics, increasing the analgesic efficacy, and the anesthetized area particularly in the first minutes following injection, resulting in diminished intra- and postoperative pain. In aesthetic medicine, the off-label use of hyaluronidase is considered the gold standard for the management of HA-filler-associated complications. Here, we review the clinical use, underlying biological mechanisms, and future directions for the application of hyaluronidase in surgical and aesthetic medicine.
3' Noncoding sequences of the CTA 1 gene enhance expression of the recombinant serine protease inhibitor, CPTI II, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1996)

Expression of the gene coding for the recombinant trypsin inhibitor, CPTI II, was enhanced tenfold when yeast transcription terminating sequences were added to the expression cassette of the pJK6 yeast vector. The yield was further increased about 20% in the BJ5464 yeast strain, defective in vacuolar proteases.
Phase II Trial of Bevacizumab in Persistent or Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer or Primary Peritoneal Cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (2007)

Bevacizumab seems to be well tolerated and active in the second- and third-line treatment of patients with EOC/PPC and merits phase III investigation.
A novel computational approach to integrate NMR spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis for structure assignment of heparin and heparan sulfate oligosaccharides (2002)

Heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are cell surface polysaccharides that bind to a multitude of signaling molecules, enzymes, and pathogens and modulate critical biological processes ranging from cell growth and development to anticoagulation and viral invasion. Heparin has been widely used as an anticoagulant in a variety of clinical applications for several decades. The heterogeneity and complexity of HS GAGs pose significant challenges to their purification and characterization of structure-function relationships. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a promising tool that provides abundant sequence and structure information for characterization of HS GAGs. However, complex NMR spectra and low sensitivity often make analysis of HS GAGs a daunting task. We report the development of a novel methodology that incorporates distinct linkage information between adjacent monosaccharides obtained from NMR and capillary electrophoresis (CE) data using a property encoded nomenclature (PEN) computational framework to facilitate a rapid and unbiased procedure for sequencing HS GAG oligosaccharides. We demonstrate that the integration of NMR and CE data sets with the help of the PEN framework dramatically reduces the number of experimental constraints required to arrive at an HS GAG oligosaccharide sequence.
Four Station Interferometric Radar Observations of Mars (2002)

Planetary targets have been observed with radar since the late 1950s when it was first used for ranging experiments with the Moon. As telescope size and power increased, it became possible to observe more distant targets (Venus, Mars, and the outer satellites). Inherent to radar observations is the uncertainty as to the source of the reflection, there being two points where range and Doppler rings intersect on a sphere. The use of interferometric methods, first used on the moon with two stations and later on Venus and Mars, solved this problem. We extend the method through the addition of a fourth receiving telescope (thus doubling the number of projected baselines) and integration of the newly available Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) topographic datasets.
3,4‐Dichloroisocoumarin, a serine protease inhibitor, inactivates glycogen phosphorylase b (1990)

3,4-Dichloroisocoumarin (3,4-DCI) is a highly reactive, mechanism-based inhibitor of serine proteases. We show here that glycogen phosphorylase b is also inactivated by this inhibitor, in a mechanism that parallels the inactivation of serine proteases, but involving multiple sites of covalent modification. Such a process may compromise studies in which 3,4-DCI is used to arrest proteolysis of a second native protein which may itself be modified.
Identification and Characterization of a Novel and Specific Inhibitor of the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase ATM (2004)

The serine/threonine protein kinase ATM signals to cell cycle and DNA repair components by phosphorylating downstream targets such as p53, CHK2, NBS1, and BRCA1. Mutation of ATM occurs in the human autosomal recessive disorder ataxia-telangiectasia, which is characterized by hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and a failure of cells to arrest the cell cycle after the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. It has thus been proposed that ATM inhibition would cause cellular radio- and chemosensitization. Through screening a small molecule compound library developed for the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-like kinase family, we identified an ATP-competitive inhibitor, 2-morpholin-4-yl-6-thianthren-1-yl-pyran-4-one (KU-55933), that inhibits ATM with an IC(50) of 13 nmol/L and a Ki of 2.2 nmol/L. KU-55933 shows specificity with respect to inhibition of other phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-like kinases. Cellular inhibition of ATM by KU-55933 was demonstrated by the ablation of ionizing radiation-dependent phosphorylation of a range of ATM targets, including p53, gammaH2AX, NBS1, and SMC1. KU-55933 did not show inhibition of UV light DNA damage induced cellular phosphorylation events. Exposure of cells to KU-55933 resulted in a significant sensitization to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation and to the DNA double-strand break-inducing chemotherapeutic agents, etoposide, doxorubicin, and camptothecin. Inhibition of ATM by KU-55933 also caused a loss of ionizing radiation-induced cell cycle arrest. By contrast, KU-55933 did not potentiate the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation on ataxia-telangiectasia cells, nor did it affect their cell cycle profile after DNA damage. We conclude that KU-55933 is a novel, specific, and potent inhibitor of the ATM kinase.
Bio-responsive polymer hydrogels homeostatically regulate blood coagulation (2013)

Bio-responsive polymer architectures can empower medical therapies by engaging molecular feedback-response mechanisms resembling the homeostatic adaptation of living tissues to varying environmental constraints. Here we show that a blood coagulation-responsive hydrogel system can deliver heparin in amounts triggered by the environmental levels of thrombin, the key enzyme of the coagulation cascade, which--in turn--becomes inactivated due to released heparin. The bio-responsive hydrogel quantitatively quenches blood coagulation over several hours in the presence of pro-coagulant stimuli and during repeated incubation with fresh, non-anticoagulated blood. These features enable the introduced material to provide sustainable, autoregulated anticoagulation, addressing a key challenge of many medical therapies. Beyond that, the explored concept may facilitate the development of materials that allow the effective and controlled application of drugs and biomolecules.
BindingDB Entry 50022499: ZD1839 (Iressa): an orally active inhibitor of epidermal growth factor signaling with potential for cancer therapy. (2025)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a promising target for anticancer therapy because of its role in tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis, and tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We have developed a low-molecular-weight EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), ZD1839 (Iressa(2) ). ZD1839, a substituted anilinoquinazoline, is a potent EGFR-TKI (IC(50) = 0.033 micro M) that selectively inhibits EGF-stimulated tumor cell growth (IC(50) = 0.054 micro M) and that blocks EGF-stimulated EGFR autophosphorylation in tumor cells. In studies with mice bearing a range of human tumor-derived xenografts, ZD1839 given p.o. once a day inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. The level of expression of EGFR did not determine xenograft tumor sensitivity to ZD1839. Long-term ZD1839 (>3 months) treatment of mice bearing A431 xenografts was well tolerated, and ZD1839 completely inhibited tumor growth and induced regression of established tumors. No drug-resistant tumors appeared during ZD1839 treatment, but some tumors regrew after drug withdrawal. These studies indicate the potential utility of ZD1839 in the treatment of many human tumors and indicate that continuous once-a-day p.o. dosing might be a suitable therapeutic regimen.
Oxytocin Receptors in Nonpregnant Human Uterus (1985)

The concentration and distribution of specific [3H]oxytocin-binding sites in the nonpregnant human uterus were studied. Oxytocin was bound with an apparent Kd of about 1 nM in the crude membrane fractions of the fundus and corpus. A second class of sites with lower affinity and higher capacity for oxytocin also was found. Consistent with its high uterotonic potency in nonpregnant uteri, arginine vasopressin was as effective as oxytocin in inhibiting [3H]oxytocin binding to corpus and fundus membrane preparations. The concentrations of high affinity binding sites in fundus and corpus were similar and were significantly higher than those of membrane fractions from isthmus or Fallopian tubes. The lowest concentration of sites was found in the cervix. Endometrial membrane preparations contained oxytocin-binding sites in about the same concentration as that in the myometrium. The concentrations of oxytocin receptors in all parts of the nonpregnant uterus were somewhat higher in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase. Concentrations were lowest in postmenopausal uteri. The concentrations of oxytocin receptors in nonpregnant uteri were 50-100 times lower than those in uteri near the end of gestation. These differences correspond to the differences in sensitivity to oxytocin between luteal phase and follicular phase and between the nonpregnant and late term uterus. These findings add support to the evidence that the binding sites for oxytocin represent true oxytocin receptors.
Phosphorylation and activation of phosphodiesterase type 3B (PDE3B) in adipocytes in response to serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors: deactivation of PDE3B in vitro by protein phosphatase type 2A (1999)

Phosphodiesterase type 3B (PDE3B) has been shown to be activated and phosphorylated in response to insulin and hormones that increase cAMP. In order to study serine/threonine protein phosphatases involved in the regulation of rat adipocyte PDE3B, we investigated the phosphorylation and activation of PDE3B in vivoin response to phosphatase inhibitors and the dephosphorylation and deactivation of PDE3B in vitroby phosphatases purified from rat adipocyte homogenates. Okadaic acid and calyculin A induced dose- and time-dependent activation of PDE3B. Maximal effects were obtained after 30 min using 1 μM okadaic acid (1.8-fold activation) and 300 nM calyculin A (4-fold activation), respectively. Tautomycin and cyclosporin A did not induce activation of PDE3B. Incubation of adipocytes with 300 nM calyculin A inhibited protein phosphatase (PP) 1 and PP2A completely. Okadaic acid (1 μM) reduced PP2A activity by approx. 50% but did not affect PP1 activity, and 1 μM tautomycin reduced PP1 activity by approx. 60% but PP2A activity by only 11%. This indicates an important role for PP2A in the regulation of PDE3B. Furthermore, rat adipocyte PDE3B phosphatase activity co-purified with PP2A but not with PP1 during MonoQ chromatography. As compared with insulin, okadaic acid and calyculin A induced phosphorylation of PDE3B by 2.8- and 14-fold respectively, whereas tautomycin and cyclosporin A had no effect. Both calyculin A and okadaic acid induced phosphorylation on serine 302, the site known to be phosphorylated on PDE3B in response to insulin and isoproterenol (isoprenaline), as well as on sites not identified previously. In summary, PP2A seems to be involved in the regulation of PDE3B in vivoand can act as a PDE3B phosphatase in vitro. In comparison with insulin, calyculin A induced a dramatic activation of PDE3B and both calyculin A and okadaic acid induced phosphorylation on additional sites, which could have a role in signalling pathways not yet identified.
Basic & clinical immunology (1980)

Basic &clinical immunology , Basic &clinical immunology , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
Alterations in Protein-DNA Interactions in the γ-Globin Gene Promoter in Response to Butyrate Therapy (1998)

The mechanisms by which pharmacologic agents stimulate γ-globin gene expression in β-globin disorders has not been fully established at the molecular level. In studies described here, nucleated erythroblasts were isolated from patients with β-globin disorders before and with butyrate therapy, and globin biosynthesis, mRNA, and protein-DNA interactions were examined. Expression of γ-globin mRNA increased twofold to sixfold above baseline with butyrate therapy in 7 of 8 patients studied. A 15% to 50% increase in γ-globin protein synthetic levels above baseline γ globin ratios and a relative decrease in β-globin biosynthesis were observed in responsive patients. Extensive new in vivo footprints were detected in erythroblasts of responsive patients in four regions of the γ-globin gene promoter, designated butyrate-response elements gamma 1-4 (BRE-G1-4). Electrophoretic mobility shift assays using BRE-G1 sequences as a probe demonstrated that new binding of two erythroid-specific proteins and one ubiquitous protein, CP2, occurred with treatment in the responsive patients and did not occur in the nonresponder. The BRE-G1 sequence conferred butyrate inducibility in reporter gene assays. These in vivo protein-DNA interactions in human erythroblasts in which γ-globin gene expression is being altered strongly suggest that nuclear protein binding, including CP2, to the BRE-G1 region of the γ-globin gene promoter mediates butyrate activity on γ-globin gene expression. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Correlates of Structure and Function in Neuropathic Diabetic Feet (1991)

Conference Abstract| October 01 1991 Correlates of Structure and Function in Neuropathic Diabetic Feet MJ Young; MJ Young 1Manchester Diabetes Centre and University Dept. of Radiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, M13 9WL Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PR Cavanagh; PR Cavanagh 1Manchester Diabetes Centre and University Dept. of Radiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, M13 9WL Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JE Adams; JE Adams 1Manchester Diabetes Centre and University Dept. of Radiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, M13 9WL Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar AJM Boulton AJM Boulton 1Manchester Diabetes Centre and University Dept. of Radiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, M13 9WL Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1991) 81 (s25): 27P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs081027Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MJ Young, PR Cavanagh, JE Adams, AJM Boulton; Correlates of Structure and Function in Neuropathic Diabetic Feet. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 October 1991; 81 (s25): 27P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs081027Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Selective Medium for the Isolation of Prototheca (1973)

A medium was devised which permitted the selective isolation of Prototheca spp. from nature.
Separating Fact from Fiction: Assessing the Potential of Modified Adenovirus Vectors for Use in Human Gene Therapy (2002)

One of the major hurdles to successful gene therapy of genetic and/or acquired disease is the ability to efficiently introduce a foreign gene into the tissue of interest and, in the case of some genetic diseases, achieve long-term expression of the transgene. Due to their ability to transduce a wide variety of cell types in a cell-cycle independent fashion, adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors have received considerable attention in recent years as delivery vehicles for multiple gene therapy applications. Effective use of early "first-generation" versions of these vectors was hampered by not only the induction of strong immune responses in the host to the Ad vector and transduced cells, but also to direct acute and chronic toxicity caused by the vector itself. Furthermore, transgene expression was typically transient, lasting only a few weeks. Despite these limitations, these vectors have been used in a number of human clinical trials, eliciting both interesting as well as controversial results, some of which are summarized herein. Because of these limitations, a number of advances in adenovirus "vectorology", manifested primarily as the development of multiply attenuated Ads and vectors deleted of all viral protein coding sequences, has resulted in vectors which retain all of the advantages of Ad vectors and, in addition, do not exhibit the deleterious characteristics associated with [E1-]deleted Ads. This review focuses on the current state of the art regarding the potential for human use of Ad-based vectors, and how the use of this vector continues to offer the potential for successful use as a gene delivery tool for the treatment of a great number of human genetic and non-genetic diseases.