gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine adjuvant immunotherapy for splenic hemangiosarcoma in the dog: a randomized multi-institutional clinical trial. (1995)

Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a spontaneous tumor with high metastatic potential. Despite surgical excision, most dogs die within 2 months of diagnosis as a result of widespread visceral metastasis. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (L-MTP-PE) when used in combination with splenectomy and systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of HSA in the dog. Thirty-two dogs with HSA and without gross evidence of metastases were treated with splenectomy, stratified by clinical stage, and randomized to receive doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy and either L-MTP-PE immunotherapy or lipid equivalent (placebo liposomes). Dogs were subsequently followed to determine disease-free survival and overall survival times. The effects of L-MTP-PE on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 activity were assessed on a small subset of dogs. Dogs receiving L-MTP-PE had significantly prolonged disease-free survival (P = 0.037) and overall survival (P = 0.029) compared with dogs receiving placebo. Dogs with clinical stage I disease had significantly prolonged disease-free survival (P = 0. 026) and overall survival (P = 0.017) compared with dogs with clinical stage II disease. Dogs receiving L-MTP-PE had significantly greater serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P < 0.001) and interleukin 6 (P = 0.007) activities compared with placebo-treated dogs. L-MTP-PE has significant antimetastatic activity in highly malignant, spontaneously occurring, splenic HSA in the dog. Canine HSA may have potential as a large animal model for additional investigation of antimetastatic chemoimmunotherapy.
Evaluation of the Orthogonal Projection on Latent Structure Model Limitations Caused by Chemical Shift Variability and Improved Visualization of Biomarker Changes in 1H NMR Spectroscopic Metabonomic Studies (2004)

In general, applications of metabonomics using biofluid NMR spectroscopic analysis for probing abnormal biochemical profiles in disease or due to toxicity have all relied on the use of chemometric techniques for sample classification. However, the well-known variability of some chemical shifts in 1H NMR spectra of biofluids due to environmental differences such as pH variation, when coupled with the large number of variables in such spectra, has led to the situation where it is necessary to reduce the size of the spectra or to attempt to align the shifting peaks, to get more robust and interpretable chemometric models. Here, a new approach that avoids this problem is demonstrated and shows that, moreover, inclusion of variable peak position data can be beneficial and can lead to useful biochemical information. The interpretation of chemometric models using combined back-scaled loading plots and variable weights demonstrates that this peak position variation can be handled successfully and also often provides additional information on the physicochemical variations in metabonomic data sets.
Cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, and reconstitution of human myoglobin. (1985)

A full-length cDNA clone for human myoglobin has been isolated from a human skeletal muscle cDNA library. The clone as isolated has a cDNA insert approximately one kilobase long and has 5' and 3' untranslated regions of approximately 80 and 530 base pairs, respectively. The sequence of the translated region corresponds exactly to that predicted for human myoglobin. The cDNA was expressed in high yield in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein consisting of the first 31 amino acids of the phage lambda cII gene, the tetrapeptide Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg, and the myoglobin sequence by following the approach of Nagai and Thogersen [Nagai, K. & Thogersen, M. C. (1984) Nature (London) 309, 810-812]. The fusion product was isolated, reconstituted with heme, cleaved with trypsin, and purified to generate a protein whose properties are indistinguishable from those for authentic human myoglobin. Myoglobin can be readily prepared on a gram scale by using these methods.
Perfect Equilibrium in a Bargaining Model (1982)

Focuses on a study which examined perfect equilibrium in a bargaining model. Overview of the strategic approach adopted for the study; Details of the bargaining situation used; Discussion on perfect equilibrium. (From Ebsco)
Joint acoustic echo cancellation and transfer function GSC in the frequency domain (2004)

In this paper we present two joint acoustic echo and noise cancellation schemes implemented in the frequency domain and used for hands-free communication. In several past contributions equivalent time domain schemes were proposed. However, the frequency domain allows better convergence performance regardless of the condition number of the correlation matrix of the input data, and therefore is more suitable for speech processing. The first joint scheme we propose contains a multi-channel acoustic echo canceller (AEC) followed by a beamformer as a second stage (this scheme is denoted AEC-BF). The second scheme contains a beamformer followed by a single channel AEC as a postfilter (denoted BF-AEC). Both schemes include the recently proposed transfer function generalized sidelobe canceller (TF-GSC) beamformer and a block-LMS AEC. The performance of both schemes is evaluated through a series of simulations, using real speech recordings in both room and car environment, and under different types of noise signals. The experimental results show that the AEC-BF scheme usually outperforms the BF-AEC scheme.
Androgen Contributes to Gender-Related Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Mice Lacking the Gene Encoding Guanylyl Cyclase-A (2003)

Myocardial hypertrophy and extended cardiac fibrosis are independent risk factors for congestive heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Before age 50, men are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease than age-matched women. In the current studies, we found that cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were significantly more pronounced in males compared with females of guanylyl cyclase-A knockout (GC-A KO) mice at 16 wk of age. These gender-related differences were not seen in wild-type mice. In the further studies, either castration (at 10 wk of age) or flutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist, markedly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in male GC-A KO mice without blood pressure change. In contrast, ovariectomy (at 10 wk of age) had little effect. Also, chronic testosterone infusion increased cardiac mass and fibrosis in ovariectomized GC-A mice. None of the treatments affected cardiac mass or the extent of fibrosis in wild-type mice. Overexpression of mRNAs encoding atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, collagens I and III, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta3, angiotensinogen, and angiotensin converting enzyme in the ventricles of male GC-A KO mice was substantially decreased by castration. The gender differences were virtually abolished by targeted deletion of the angiotensin II type 1A receptor gene (AT1A). Neither castration nor testosterone administration induced any change in the cardiac phenotypes of double-KO mice for GC-A and AT1A. Thus, we suggest that androgens contribute to gender-related differences in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by a mechanism involving AT1A receptors and GC-A.
Altered expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ligands in tumor promoter–treated mouse epidermis and in primary mouse skin tumors induced by an initiation‐promotion protocol (1998)

Multiple epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) ligands have been identified, including transforming growth factor α (TGFα), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), amphiregulin (AR), and betacellulin (BTC). Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that TGFα mRNA and protein are upregulated in epidermis during tumor-promoter treatment of mouse skin and in skin tumors produced by initiation-promotion regimens. The purpose of the study described here was to explore the role of other EGFr ligands in multistage skin carcinogenesis. A single topical treatment of either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or chrysarobin or a single full-thickness wound induced the expression of HB-EGF and AR in mRNA samples isolated from whole mouse skin. However, only full-thickness wounding significantly elevated expression of the BTC transcript. The levels of HB-EGF and AR transcripts were significantly elevated in skin tumors (both papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas) induced by initiation-promotion protocols. BTC transcript levels were low and barely detectable in all skin tumors examined. The level of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) mRNA was also examined as a possible mechanism for upregulation of EGFr ligands. Only full-thickness wounding significantly elevated KGF transcript levels in whole-skin RNA samples. Furthermore, no evidence for upregulation of KGF mRNA in skin tumors was obtained. The results are discussed in terms of the role of EGFr activation in skin carcinogenesis and the mechanisms for altered regulation of EGFr ligands. Mol. Carcinog. 22:73–83, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Geometry of Carriers Controlling Phenotypic Expression in BMP-Induced Osteogenesis and Chondrogenesis (2001)

Conventional requisites of the BMP carriers for clinical use have mainly concerned the affinities of carriers with cells and biomolecules and their mechanical strength. The vasculature-inducing geometry of carriers adds a new criterion in designing systems for effective bone and joint reconstruction. The geometries of porous structures-their sizes, continuity, and straightness as verified by hydroxyapatite in this study-will be applicable for other biomaterials for clinical reconstruction therapy.
Regulation of cell migration and cytokine production by HGF-like protein (HLP) / macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) in primary microglia (2008)

HGF-like protein (HLP)/macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is the only structural relative of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and is involved in the regulation of peripheral macrophage activation. However, the actions of HLP in microglia, a species of macrophage in the nervous system, which is closely involved in the neural degeneration and regeneration, is not yet understood. This study found that Ron, the receptor for HLP, is expressed in primary microglia using RT-PCR, immunocytochemical staining and Western blotting, and, thus, sought to elucidate the function of HLP on the primary microglia. HLP promoted microglial migration without affecting cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that HLP greatly increased the mRNA of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and GM-CSF, and iNOS. These findings provide the first evidence that HLP has the potential to modulate inflammatory actions of microglia, which proposes novel aspects for the process of degeneration and/or regeneration of the brain.
Aluminum pentafluorophenyl–amide complexes (2007)

The pentafluoroaryl amine (C 6 F 5 ) 2 NH (1) reacts with AlH 3 ·NEtMe 2 to give [(C 6 F 5 ) 2 N]AlH 2 ·NEtMe 2 (2) and [(C 6 F 5 ) 2 N] 2 AlH·NEtMe 2 (3). The related fluorinated-aryl amine (C 6 F 5 )(n-C 4 H 9 )NH (4) also reacts with AlH 3 ·NEtMe 2 to give [(C 6 F 5 )(n-C 4 H 9 )N] 3 Al·NEtMe 2 (5). This latter compound undergoes ligand exchange with PMe 3 or N-methylimidazole to form [(C 6 F 5 )(n-C 4 H 9 )N] 3 Al·PMe 3 (6) and [(C 6 F 5 )(n-C 4 H 9 )N] 3 Al·(Me-imid) (7), respectively. The latter amine also reacts with AlMe 3 , affording [Me 2 AlN(C 6 F 5 )(n-C 4 H 9 )] 2 (8).Key words: almunium, amides, pentafluorophenylamine.
Characterization of a high-performance portable GC with a chemiresistor array detector (2008)

The laboratory characterization of a novel, second-generation portable gas chromatograph (GC) prototype designed for trace-level determinations of complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOC) is described. The instrument incorporates a small, multi-stage adsorbent preconcentrator/injector (PCI), two series-coupled separation columns with fast, independent temperature-programming capabilities and junction-point pressure/flow control, and a detector consisting of an array of microfabricated chemiresistor (CR) sensors coated with thiolate-monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle films. Response patterns from the CR array are used in conjunction with chromatographic retention times to identify eluting mixture components. Scrubbed ambient air is used as the carrier gas. Enhancements in design relative to a previously reported first-generation prototype instrument have led to significant reductions in limits of detection as well as improvements in resolution, reliability, flexibility, and convenience. Key features of the instrument are characterized, with an emphasis on the tradeoffs in sensor array performance associated with operation at different temperatures and flow rates. The separation of a preconcentrated mixture of 31 VOCs in < 7 minutes is demonstrated. Projected detection limits are in the ppt range for most compounds, assuming a 1 L sample volume.
Quantitative measurement of mast cell degranulation using a novel flow cytometric annexin-V binding assay (1999)

The annexin-V binding assay represents a powerful new flow cytometric method to monitor mast cell degranulation for functional analysis.
BIOCONTROL OF AFLATOXINS IN FIGS (2008)

For several years, we have investigated the use of atoxigenic strains (strains not able to produce aflatoxins) of Aspergillus flavus as biocontrol agents to reduce aflatoxin contamination of figs in California, USA. The atoxigenic strain AF36 has been successful in reducing aflatoxin contamination of cottonseed in commercial cotton fields in Arizona. Approximately 6% of the A. flavus isolates obtained from commercial fig orchards in California belonged to the atoxigenic strain AF36. In 2003 and 2004, AF36 was applied in 'Calimyrna' fig orchard. In early summer, wheat seeds infected with AF36 were applied at the rate of 11.2 kg/ha to the orchard floor. Almost all A. flavus isolates obtained from noncaprified figs collected from the orchard floor belonged to the applied strain AF36, indicating that AF36 had colonized debris in the orchard. In late summer, leaf and soil samples were collected. The soil had a higher density of A. flavus/A. parasiticus in the areas under the drip lines where infected wheat had been placed (72.6 to 113.2 colony forming units (cfu)/g soil for areas treated with AF36 in 2003) than in the middles (5.5 to 11.9 cfu/g) or under the drip lines in the untreated areas (0.9 cfu/g). In 2003, all of the A. flavus isolates obtained from the soil under the drip lines in the treated areas belonged to AF36 compared to only 18.7% in the untreated areas. In contrast, in the middle the incidence of AF36 was approximately the same in the treated areas (21.5 and 33.7%) and in the untreated areas (20.8%). The density of A. flavus/A. parasiticus on leaves did not differ significantly between treatments, even though higher levels of AF36 were on leaves in the treated areas than in the untreated areas. Atoxigenic strains continue to show promise for the reduction of aflatoxin contamination of figs.
Characteristics of TaN gate MOSFET with ultrathin hafnium oxide (8 Å-12 Å) (2002)

MOSFET's with equivalent oxide thickness of 8-12 /spl Aring/ have been demonstrated by using high-K gate dielectric thin films (HfO/sub 2/) and TaN gate electrode. Both self-aligned (higher thermal budget process) and non-self-aligned process (low thermal budget as in the replacement gate process) were used and compared. Excellent electrical characteristics (e.g. S/spl sim/68 mV/dec) and reliability characteristics (e.g. high E/sub BD/, low charge trapping and SILC) were also obtained.
Stresses and strains in epilayers, stripes and quantum structures of III-V compound semiconductors (1996)

Table 2. Hydrostatic deformation potentials a for direct bandgaps and shear deformation potentials b. Values given in this table are taken from the paper by V Swaminathan in Indium Phosphide and Related Materials: Processing, Technology, and Devices ed A Katz (1992 Boston: Artech House) p 29. Values of a given in [1] are positive and considerably smaller.
Treating Vaginitis (1999)

Vaginitis resulting from bacterial, fungal, or protozoal infections can be associated with altered vaginal discharge, odor, pruritus, vulvovaginal irritation, dysuria, or dyspareunia, depending on the type of infection. Bacterial vaginosis, which is primarily characterized by a malodorous discharge, is common in women with multiple sex partners and is caused by the overgrowth of several facultative and anaerobic bacterial species. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is characterized by pruritus and a cottage cheese-like discharge. Vaginal trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by an anaerobic protozoan parasite, is associated with a copious yellow or green, sometimes frothy, discharge. Differential diagnosis of these infections requires a thorough history, vulvovaginal examination, and simple laboratory tests, including microscopy of the vaginal discharge. The information obtained from this workup should enable an accurate diagnosis. Topical or oral metronidazole is the treatment of choice for bacterial vaginosis; terconazole, or other antifungals, for vulvovaginal candidiasis; and oral metronidazole for trichomoniasis.
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 and Interstitial Collagenase Expression in Autoimmune Chronic Active Hepatitis and Activated Human Hepatic Lipocytes (1995)

1. Activated hepatic lipocytes are central to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis as the principal source of both interstitial collagens and matrix-degrading metalloproteinases. In progressive fibrosis there is a failure to degrade interstitial collagens with a reported decrease in collagenase activity. In these studies we investigate expression of the potent collagenase inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and interstitial collagenase in end-stage autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and activated human hepatic lipocytes in culture. 2. Messenger RNA transcripts for interstitial collagenase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in explanted human liver were quantified by ribonuclease protection assay and densitometric analysis. This indicated that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and interstitial collagenase expression in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis were also coordinately up-regulated. 3. Using Northern analysis of RNA from human lipocytes in primary culture on plastic, mRNA for interstitial collagenase could not be detected in unstimulated cells but was present after stimulation with tumour necrosis factor alpha. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 mRNA was present in unstimulated lipocytes and up-regulated fivefold in response to tumour necrosis factor alpha. Using activity assay of serum-free conditioned media, interstitial collagenase could not be detected in unstimulated primary cultures, primary cultures stimulated with tumour necrosis factor alpha or transforming growth factor beta-1 (n = 3 and n = 4 respectively) or in passaged lipocytes (n = 6). In contrast, free tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 activity was present in unstimulated and passaged cultures and this was increased in response to tumour necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reprogrammable Logic Gate and Logic Circuit Based on Multistimuli-Responsive Raspberry-like Micromotors (2016)

In this paper, we report a polymer-based raspberry-like micromotor. Interestingly, the resulting micromotor exhibits multistimuli-responsive motion behavior. Its on-off-on motion can be regulated by the application of stimuli such as H2O2, near-infrared light, NH3, or their combinations. Because of the versatility in motion control, the current micromotor has great potential in the application field of logic gate and logic circuit. With use of different stimuli as the inputs and the micromotor motion as the output, reprogrammable OR and INHIBIT logic gates or logic circuit consisting of OR, NOT, and AND logic gates can be achieved.
FAP48, a New Protein That Forms Specific Complexes with Both Immunophilins FKBP59 and FKBP12 (1996)

We have identified a human gene encoding a 48-kDa protein that specifically interacts with the peptidyl prolyl isomerase FK506-binding protein 59 (FKBP59) and also with the well known FKBP12. FKBP59 and FKBP12 belong to the large family of immunophilins that bind the macrolide immunosuppressant drugs FK506 and rapamycin. The yeast two-hybrid system was used to isolate target proteins that interact with the immunosuppressant drug binding domain of the rabbit FKBP59. The cDNA for an as yet unidentified protein was isolated and cloned from a Jurkat cell library. The cDNA sequence of 1804 base pairs reveals an open reading frame of 417 amino acids. In vitro experiments suggest a direct interaction between FKBP59 and this new target protein. This specific association seems to be restricted to the FKBP family, since it also occurs both in vivo and in vitro with FKBP12 but not with cyclophilin 40. This novel protein was named FKBP-associated protein (FAP48). The formation of the complexes between FKBP59 or FKBP12 and FAP48 is prevented by FK506 and rapamycin in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that FAP48 shares or overlaps the macrolide binding site on FKBP59 as well as on FKBP12 and therefore may represent a natural common ligand of these immunosuppressant drug receptors.
Clinical approach to rapidly progressive renal failure. (2011)

Rapidly progressive renal failure (RPRF) is an initial clinical diagnosis in patients who present with progressive renal impairment of short duration. The underlying etiology may be a primary renal disease or a systemic disorder. Important differential diagnoses include vasculitis (systemic or renal-limited), systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple myeloma, thrombotic microangiopathy and acute interstitial nephritis. Good history taking, clinical examination and relevant investigations including serology and ultimately kidney biopsy are helpful in clinching the diagnosis. Early definitive diagnosis of RPRF is essential to reverse the otherwise relentless progression to end-stage kidney disease.
EpicFlow: Edge-preserving interpolation of correspondences for optical flow (2015)

We propose a novel approach for optical flow estimation, targeted at large displacements with significant occlusions. It consists of two steps: i) dense matching by edge-preserving interpolation from a sparse set of matches; ii) variational energy minimization initialized with the dense matches. The sparse-to-dense interpolation relies on an appropriate choice of the distance, namely an edge-aware geodesic distance. This distance is tailored to handle occlusions and motion boundaries - two common and difficult issues for optical flow computation. We also propose an approximation scheme for the geodesic distance to allow fast computation without loss of performance. Subsequent to the dense interpolation step, standard one-level variational energy minimization is carried out on the dense matches to obtain the final flow estimation. The proposed approach, called Edge-Preserving Interpolation of Correspondences (EpicFlow) is fast and robust to large displacements. It significantly outperforms the state of the art on MPI-Sintel and performs on par on Kitti and Middlebury.