gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C genotypes in liver transplant recipients: Distribution and 1-year follow-up (1995)

Chronic hepatitis C infection (CH-C) accounts for a significant number of patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Recently, hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype-dependent differences in disease outcome and therapeutic responses have been suggested. The objectives of our study were to determine (1) the recurrence of HCV infection after OLT; (2) distribution of HCV genotypes in patients with CH-C who required liver transplantation compared with those who did not; and (3) the 1-year transplantation outcome in patients infected with different hepatitis C genotypes. RNA was extracted from sera of 20 patients who underwent OLT for end-stage liver disease secondary to CH-C (group I) and 52 patients with CH-C who did not require OLT (group II). For viral RNA detection, reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) of 5'UT region was performed on all OLT patients both before and after OLT. For genotyping, RT-PCR of the NS 5 region was performed, followed by automated sequencing of the amplification products. Nineteen OLT patients had viral RNA detected by PCR both before and after OLT. One patient had no RNA detected before OLT but became viremic after OLT. The prevalence of HCV genotype 1b was significantly higher in group I patients compared with group II (53% v 23% respectively, P = .01). Examination of outcome at 1 year after OLT showed that 9 of 10 patients with HCV genotype 1b had histological evidence of hepatitis compared with 4 of 9 patients with other genotypes (non-1b) (P = .06). However, the number of patients who had one or more episodes of rejection, underwent retransplantation, or died at 1 year after OLT were similar. Recurrence of HCV infection after OLT was shown in all studied patients. Hepatitis C genotype 1b is more prevalent in our patients who underwent transplantation compared with a group with chronic hepatitis C who did not require transplantation (P = .01). Patients infected with HCV genotype 1b may have a higher risk of histological hepatitis after transplantation.
Field electroantennogram and trap assessments of aerosol pheromone dispensers for disrupting mating in Epiphyas postvittana (2006)

An electronically controlled aerosol system for mating disruption was evaluated against Epiphyas postvittana Walker in apple orchards in New Zealand. The area in which male moths were affected by the aerosol system was examined using catches in traps radiating from a central single-point source of either one aerosol can dispenser or 100 polyethylene tubing dispensers, compared with catches in orchard plots without pheromone dispensers. Both pheromone dispensing systems decreased moth catch to similar levels at 5-10 m from the central release point, but there was 5.5-fold more pheromone released from aerosol cans than from polyethylene dispensers over a 24 h period. Trap catches were reduced by about 90% in plots treated with either five aerosol cans per hectare or uniform deployment of polyethylene dispensers. Recordings of electroantennograms in open grassed plots and orchards indicated that the treated cotton pad of an aerosol dispenser and a point source of 100 polyethylene tubing dispensers produced similar electroantennogram recordings. Electroantennogram recordings provided evidence that pheromone plume detection from a single-point source was maintained over a range of 5-40 m downwind in the orchard. On present evidence, aerosol pheromone dispensers could not be recommended for further testing towards control of E. postvittana under New Zealand conditions owing to their higher cost of purchase and operation.
Risk factors for post-weaning diarrhoea on piglet producing farms in Finland (2008)

Twice a day feeding of newly-weaned pigs should be avoided if the amount of feed given is restricted. Variation in ambient temperature should be minimized in housing of newly-weaned pigs and this can be achieved by using automatic temperature control. With increasing number of sows in the herds the risk of PWD increases and more attention should be paid to prevention of post-weaning diarrhoea.
Flexible shear stress sensor skin for aerodynamics applications (2002)

Packaging for a large distributed sensing system is a challenging topic. Using flexible skin technology solves many of these problems. Combining with the newly developed backside contact technique, sensor packaging is made even easier by completely avoiding the fragile bonding wires. This paper describes the improved flexible MEMS technology and its application to the fabrication and packaging of practical shear stress sensor skins. An airflow separation detection system including these skins, MOSIS bias circuits and a data acquisition unit has been successfully tested in windtunnel and is being used for the aerodynamic study of a MEMS controlled super-maneuverable low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
The Second International Conference on Bioinformatics, Supercomputing and Complex Genome Analysis (1993)

This conference was held in St. Petersburg Beach, Florida June 4--7, 1992. The purpose of this conference was to provide a forum for exchange of state-of-the-art information in the field of the human genome. This provided an opportunity to gain firsthand knowledge of the scope, direction, and future prospects of information and computing in complex genome analysis. Topics of discussion include the following: Linguistic approaches; applications of neural networks; databases; genome map; genome sequence analysis; mapping and sequencing; and computer technologies and mathematical approaches. Individual papers are processed separately for inclusion in the appropriate data bases.
A Five Country Study of Gender and Sexuality Diversity and Schooling in Southern Africa (2018)

The importance of quality education provision for all is a globally acknowledged principle for the creation of sustainable learning environments at primary and secondary levels. This article reports on a study that aimed to increase understanding of the context of how gender and sexuality diversity is responded to in schools in Southern Africa. In this regard, the researchers drew on a recent five country study focusing on what the literature says about gender and sexuality diversity and schooling in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland. Drawing on a review of reports and publications by relevant ministries, policy documents, published research, relevant statistical data, as well as the grey literature from civil society organisations, the findings indicated significant barriers to access for learners who embody non-normative gender or sexualities. The policies and schooling cultures in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland foreground discourses that marginalize, silence and invisibilise gender and sexual minorities. The researchers argue that if educational institutions in the region are to include all learners, there must be real engagement with the ongoing realities of heterosexist exclusion and marginalisation. The findings pointed to the need for teacher education to step up efforts to prepare teachers in the region to comfortably and professionally engage with and teach about issues of gender and sexuality diversity in the classroom.
Macular morphology assessed by optical coherence tomography image segmentation after femtosecond laser–assisted and standard cataract surgery (2012)

After cataract surgery, macular edema was detectable mainly in the outer nuclear layer in both groups but was significantly less using the femtosecond laser platform.
Restructuring of Focal Adhesion Plaques by Pi 3-Kinase (2000)

Focal adhesions are an elaborate network of interconnecting proteins linking actin stress fibers to the extracellular matrix substrate. Modulation of the focal adhesion plaque provides a mechanism for the regulation of cellular adhesive strength. Using interference reflection microscopy, we found that activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) by PDGF induces the dissipation of focal adhesions. Loss of this close apposition between the cell membrane and the extracellular matrix coincided with a redistribution of alpha-actinin and vinculin from the focal adhesion complex to the Triton X-100-soluble fraction. In contrast, talin and paxillin remained localized to focal adhesions, suggesting that activation of PI 3-kinase induced a restructuring of the plaque rather than complete dispersion. Furthermore, phosphatidylinositol (3,4, 5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns (3,4,5)-P(3)), a lipid product of PI 3-kinase, was sufficient to induce restructuring of the focal adhesion plaque. We also found that PtdIns (3,4,5)-P(3) binds to alpha-actinin in PDGF-treated cells. Further evidence demonstrated that activation of PI 3-kinase by PDGF induced a decrease in the association of alpha-actinin with the integrin beta subunit, and that PtdIns (3,4,5)-P(3) could disrupt this interaction in vitro. Modification of focal adhesion structure by PI 3-kinase and its lipid product, PtdIns (3,4,5)-P(3), has important implications for the regulation of cellular adhesive strength and motility.
Embryonic stem cells can form germ cells in vitro (2003)

Knock-in embryonic stem (ES) cells, in which GFP or lacZ was expressed from the endogenous mouse vasa homolog (Mvh), which is specifically expressed in differentiating germ cells, were used to visualize germ cell production during in vitro differentiation. The appearance of MVH-positive germ cells depended on embryoid body formation and was greatly enhanced by the inductive effects of bone morphogenic protein 4-producing cells. The ES-derived MVH-positive cells could participate in spermatogenesis when transplanted into reconstituted testicular tubules, demonstrating that ES cells can produce functional germ cells in vitro. In vitro germ cell differentiation provides a paradigm for studying the molecular basis of germ line establishment, as well as for developing new approaches to reproductive engineering.
A PETALINE SAND PATTERN ALONG THE SHORELINE (1981)

A petaline sand pattern, which is rhythmic along the shoreline, forms due to the action of surging waves on the beach. A similar small-scale sand pattern forms in a circular wave basin, and the rhythmic spacing of the petaline sand pattern increases linearly with the swash length.
Design and High-Resolution Structure of a β3-Peptide Bundle Catalyst (2014)

Despite the widespread exploration of α-peptides as catalysts, there are few examples of β-peptides that alter the course of a chemical transformation. Our previous work demonstrated that a special class of β(3)-peptides spontaneously self-assembles in water into discrete protein-like bundles possessing unique quaternary structures and exceptional thermodynamic stability. Here we describe a series of β(3)-peptide bundles capable of both substrate binding and chemical catalysis--ester hydrolysis. A combination of kinetic and high-resolution structural analysis suggests an active site triad composed of residues from at least two strands of the octameric bundle structure.
예술창작과정에서 체험하는 예술가의 직관과 학습 (2017)

최근 직관의 문제는 창조성과 연계되어 교육학뿐 아니라 경영학, 심리학, 철학 등의 제반분야에서 관심을 받고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 직관의 실제 및 체험적 구조를 이해할 수 있는 시론적 탐색을 시도하면서, 평생학습의 상징적 모델이자 직관을 가장 중요한 능력으로 활용하는 예술가의 직관에 주목하였다. 이를 위해 의도적 표집방법에 의거한 미술작가 8명을 선정하여...
Dental caries vaccine: some problems solved? (1985)

The interest in a dental caries vaccine has been great over the past few years. Studies have shown two possible problems using Streptococcus mutans as an immunogen: (i) the production of heart reactive antibody, and (ii) the need to protect against several serotypes. Possible solutions to these problems are discussed.
Origins of “late” relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with TEL-AML1 fusion genes (2001)

Approximately 20% of childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has a TEL-AML1 fusion gene, often in association with deletions of the nonrearranged TEL allele. TEL-AML1 gene fusion appears to be an initiating event and usually occurs before birth, in utero. This subgroup of ALL generally presents with low- or medium-risk features and overall has a very good prognosis. Some patients, however, do have relapses late or after the cessation of treatment, at least on some therapeutic protocols. They usually achieve sustained second remissions. Posttreatment relapses, or even very late relapses (5-20 years after diagnosis), in childhood ALL are clonally related to the leukemic cells at diagnosis (by IGH or T-cell receptor [TCR] gene sequencing) and are considered, therefore, to represent a slow re-emergence or escape of the initial clone seen at diagnosis. Microsatellite markers and fluorescence in situ hybridization identified deletions of the unrearranged TEL allele and IGH/TCR gene rearrangements were analyzed; the results show that posttreatment relapse cells in 2 patients with TEL-AML1-positive ALL were not derived from the dominant clone present at diagnosis but were from a sibling clone. In contrast, a patient who had a relapse while on treatment with TEL-AML1 fusion had essentially the same TEL deletion, though with evidence for microsatellite instability 5(') of TEL gene deletion at diagnosis, leading to extended 5(') deletion at relapse. It is speculated that, in some patients, combination chemotherapy for childhood ALL may fail to eliminate a fetal preleukemic clone with TEL-AML1 and that a second, independent transformation event within this clone after treatment gives rise to a new leukemia masquerading as relapse. (Blood. 2001;98:558-564)
Cloning, sequence, and expression of the Drosophila cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gene. (1988)

Genomic DNA containing the protein coding region for Drosophila cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit has been cloned and sequenced. The probe used to detect and isolate the gene fragment was constructed from two partially complementary synthetic oligonucleotides and contains 60 base pairs that encode (using Drosophila codon preferences) amino acids 195-214 of the beef heart catalytic subunit. In reduced stringency hybridization conditions, the probe recognizes two target sites in fly genomic DNA with 85% homology. One of these sites is in the cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gene, which was isolated as a 3959-base pair HindIII fragment. This fragment contains all of the protein coding portion, 900 base pairs upstream of the initiator ATG, and 2000 base pairs downstream of the termination codon (TAG). The coding portion of the gene contains no introns and yields a protein of 352 amino acids. There is a 2-amino acid insertion near the N terminus of the fly protein relative to the beef and mouse enzymes. Of the remaining 350 amino acids, 273 are invariant in the three species. A probe derived from the coding sequence of the HindIII clone hybridizes strongly to a 5100-base poly(A)+ RNA and weakly to 4100- and 3400-base poly(A)+ RNAs expressed in adult flies. A 2100-base pair EcoRI genomic fragment containing the second site recognized by the 60-base pair probe has also been cloned. DNA sequence analysis demonstrates that this fragment is part of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase gene or a close homolog. The catalytic subunit gene and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase gene have been located in regions 30C and 21D, respectively, of chromosome 2.
Magnetic mattress pad use in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized double-blind pilot study (1999)

Objective: To determine if the chronic pain and sleep disturbances experienced by patients with fibromyalgia can be improved by sleeping on a magnetic mattress pad. Design: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting: Patients’ homes and the
β-Arrestin-Biased Agonists of the GLP-1 Receptor from β-Amino Acid Residue Incorporation into GLP-1 Analogues (2016)

Activation of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) causes recruitment of multiple intracellular proteins, each of which can activate distinct signaling pathways. This complexity has engendered interest in agonists that preferentially stimulate subsets among the natural signaling pathways ("biased agonists"). We have examined analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) containing β-amino acid residues in place of native α residues at selected sites and found that some analogues differ from GLP-1 in terms of their relative abilities to promote G protein activation (as monitored via cAMP production) versus β-arrestin recruitment (as monitored via BRET assays). The α → β replacements generally cause modest declines in stimulation of cAMP production and β-arrestin recruitment, but for some replacement sets cAMP production is more strongly affected than is β-arrestin recruitment. The central portion of GLP-1 appears to be critical for achieving bias toward β-arrestin recruitment. These results suggest that backbone modification via α → β residue replacement may be a versatile source of agonists with biased GLP-1R activation profiles.
Syntheses of Conjugated Polymers Derived from N-Alkyl-2,7-carbazoles (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSyntheses of Conjugated Polymers Derived from N-Alkyl-2,7-carbazolesJean-François Morin and Mario LeclercView Author Information Canada Research Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie des Macromolécules, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 14, 4680–4682Publication Date (Web):June 6, 2001Publication History Received25 January 2001Revised11 April 2001Published online6 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma010152uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma010152urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3350Altmetric-Citations242LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Conjugated polymers,Coupling reactions,Materials,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Prognostic Implications of Altered Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (HERs) in Gastric Carcinomas: HER2 and HER3 Are Predictors of Poor Outcome (2011)

These results reveal that all members of the HER family are expressed in GC. Furthermore, expression of HER2 and HER3 is a significant predictor of poor survival in GC. Therefore, the development of HER-targeted agents and agents targeting downstream signaling pathways provides new possibilities in the treatment of GC.
Monocytes and neutrophils expressing myeloperoxidase occur in fibrous caps and thrombi in unstable coronary plaques (2009)

Unstable fibrous caps are more likely to contain MPO-positive cells, neutrophils, and iron-containing macrophages than fibrous caps of stable fibroatheromas. MPO-positive cells in thrombi adjacent to disrupted plaques are associated with occlusive thrombi and are more numerous in diabetic patients.
An efficient on-chip network interface offering guaranteed services, shared-memory abstraction, and flexible network configuration (2004)

In this paper we present a network interface for an on-chip network. Our network interface decouples computation from communication by offering a shared-memory abstraction, which is independent of the network implementation. We use a transaction-based protocol to achieve backward compatibility with existing bus protocols such as AXI, OCP and DTL. Our network interface has a modular architecture, which allows flexible instantiation. It provides both guaranteed and best-effort services via connections. These are configured via network interface ports using the network itself, instead of a separate control interconnect. An example instance of this network interface with 4 ports has an area of 0.143 mm/sup 2/ in a 0.13 /spl mu/m technology, and runs at 500 MHz.
The effect of electrolyzed oxidative water applied using electrostatic spraying on pathogenic and indicator bacteria on the surface of eggs (2003)

Research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of electrolyzed oxidative (EO) water applied using an electrostatic spraying system (ESS) for killing populations of bacteria that are of concern to the poultry industry. Populations of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes), and the indicator bacterium Escherichia coli were applied to eggs and allowed to attach for 1 h. EO water completely eliminated all Salmonella typhimurium on 3, 7, 1, and 8 out of 15 eggs in Repetitions (Rep) 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, even when very high inoculations were used. EO water completely eliminated all Staphylococcus aureus on 12, 11, 12, and 11 out of 15 eggs in Rep 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. EO water completely eliminated all Listeria monocytogenes on 8, 13, 12, and 14 out of 15 eggs in Reps 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. EO water completely eliminated all Escherichia coli on 9, 11, 15, and 11 out of 15 eggs in Reps 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Even when very high concentrations of bacteria were inoculated onto eggs (many times higher than would be encountered in industrial situations), EO water was found to be effective when used in conjunction with electrostatic spraying for eliminating pathogenic and indicator populations of bacteria from hatching eggs.
MicroRNAs in cardiovascular disease: from pathogenesis to prevention and treatment (2013)

The management of cardiovascular risk through lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy is paramount to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies have identified obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension as interrelated factors that negatively affect cardiovascular health. Recently, genetic and pharmacological evidence in model systems has implicated microRNAs as dynamic modifiers of disease pathogenesis. An expanded understanding of the function of microRNAs in gene regulatory networks associated with cardiovascular risk will enable identification of novel genetic mechanisms of disease and inform the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein: role in HCV replication and resistance to interferon‐α (1999)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural (NS) 5A protein appears to play an important regulatory role on viral replication and could also be involved in viral pathogenesis. HCV resistance to interferon is a complex mechanism involving multiple causes, among which certain NS5A functions could play a role.