gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances and Pathophysiological Models of Hallucinogenic Drug Actions in Humans: A Preamble to Schizophrenia Research (1998)

Recent research into the pharmacological mechanism of hallucinogens (LSD, psilocybin) and dissociative anesthetics (PCP, ketamine) suggest that multiple neurotransmitter systems are involved in drug-induced and possibly also in naturally occurring psychoses. Specifically, animal models suggest that a dysbalance between serotonin, glutamate, and dopamine in the limbic cortico-striato-thalamic circuitry may be critical to psychotic symptom formation. To test this hypothesis, psychometric measures and metabolic PET investigations were performed (1) with FDG to elucidate the common neuronal substrates of different hallucinogens, (2) with specific receptor ligands before and after pretreatment with specific receptor antagonists to explore the putative interactions of hallucinogens with various neurotransmitter systems. Our data demonstrate that the neuronal substrate of normal and abnormal thought and behavior is associated with a distributed neuronal network and with multiple interactive neurotransmitter systems. The data also support the view that the hallucinogen challenge paradigm constitutes a powerful tool for elucidating the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Treatment of non-genital warts with topical imiquimod 5% cream. (2003)

Common warts (verrucae vulgaris) are associated with human papillomavirus infection and are routinely treated by ablative procedures such as cryotherapy, electrodessiccation and salicylic acid. We report 10 cases of recurrent warts treated with a potential new topical therapy, imiquimod 5% cream. Nine of the 10 patients were successfully treated with imiquimod 5% cream applied, under occlusion, once daily for 4 weeks. No recurrences were reported during 3 months of follow up.
Log-polar sampling incorporating a novel spatially variant filter to improve object recognition (1997)

The Fourier-Mellin transform (FMT) is a method for making images rotation, scale and translation (RST) invariant, with applications in object recognition. It can be implemented in either optical or digital form. However, if the transform is to be performed digitally then there are improvements which can be made to the processing to enhance the result. We suggest that the use of a spatially variant filter to modify the output of the Fourier transform (FT) improves the output of the FMT. This paper explains the need to filter an image by varying amounts, which depends on the spatial position of the filter on the image, before log-polar transformation. The implementation of the filter ensures that pixels are filtered along each circumference which is to be sampled, and that the amount of filtering depends upon the radius of the circumference from the centre of sampling. The implementation of the filter requires little extra complexity in comparison with the log-polar transform, while being able to achieve circumferential filtering of the Fourier transform by mapping pixel coordinates and convolving a 1D mask with a square image. The results which have been obtained show that filtering in this way improves the desired phase correlation peak.
Architectural considerations for a M88000 superscalar RISC processor (1991)

With current RISC performances being matched or even surpassed by CISC processors like the MC68040, the future direction for RISC lies in the concept of multiple execution machines where multiple instructions are executed per clock. Although, the basic tenets of RISC design of fixed instruction length, regular decoding, and non-destructive data operations offer a big advantage over CISC architectures in implementing such designs, there are still several problems to overcome. The ease of solution is frequently dependent on architectural decisions made early in its implementation. The author examines the Motorola MC88100 processor architecture and explains why certain key features were implemented and their benefit to later generations like the forthcoming MC88110 in breaking the one instruction per clock barrier. Topics discussed include data dependency between instructions and some suggested optimising techniques, pipeline control and its importance, condition evaluation, and a brief overview of the MC88110. >
Introduction to Dynamics and Control of Flexible Structures (1993)

Effective control laws for mechanical systems are best designed by professionals who understand both the basic mechanics of the system under consideration and the control methodology being used to design the control law. This textbook is the first to blend two traditional disciplines: engineering mechanics and control engineering. Beginning with theory, the authors proceed through computation to laboratory experiment and present actual case studies to illustrate practical aerospace applications. Intended for first-year graduate students in engineering and applied science, this book will help the next generation of structural dynamists and control engineers gain broad competence in mechanics and control. A software package, SDCMO: Structural Dynamics and Control MATLAB Operators, complements this important new teaching tool. A 100-page solutions manual is available for professors.
Implication of the hypoxia response element of the vegf promoter in mouse models of retinal and choroidal neovascularization, but not retinal vascular development (2005)

Retinal neovascularization (NV) and macular edema, resulting from blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown, are major causes of visual loss in ischemic retinopathies. Choroidal NV (CNV) occurs in diseases of the retinal pigmented epithelium/Bruch's membrane complex and is another extremely prevalent cause of visual loss. We used mice in which the hypoxia response element (HRE) is deleted from the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) promoter (Vegf(delta/delta) mice) to explore the role of induction of VEGF through the HRE in these disease processes. Compared to wild type (Vegf+/+) mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR) in which vegf mRNA levels were increased and prominent retinal NV and BRB breakdown occurred, Vegf(delta/delta) littermates with OIR failed to increase vegf mRNA levels in the retina and had significantly less retinal NV and BRB breakdown, but showed prominent dilation of some superficial retinal vessels. Vegf(+/delta) littermates with ischemic retinopathy developed comparable retinal NV to Vegf+/+ mice, exhibited intermediate levels of BRB breakdown, and did not show vasodilation. In a mouse model of CNV, due to laser-induced rupture of Bruch's membrane, the area of CNV at Bruch's membrane rupture sites was more than tenfold greater in Vegf+/+ mice than in Vegf(delta/delta) littermates. In contrast to these dramatic differences in pathologic ocular NV, Vegf(delta/delta) mice showed subtle differences in retinal vascular development compared to Vegf+/+ mice; it was slightly delayed, but otherwise normal. These data suggest that induction of VEGF through the HRE in its promoter is critical for retinal and CNV, but not for retinal vascular development.
Periapical Inflammatory Responses and Their Modulation (1998)

Periapical inflammatory responses occur as a consequence of bacterial infection of the dental pulp, as a result of caries, trauma, or iatrogenic insult. Periapical inflammation stimulates the formation of granulomas and cysts, with the destruction of bone. These inflammatory responses are complex and consist of diverse elements. Immediate-type responses--including vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability, and leukocyte extravasation--are mediated by endogenous mediators, including prostanoids, kinins, and neuropeptides. Non-specific immune responses--including polymorphonuclear leukocyte and monocyte migration and activation, and cytokine production--are elicited in response to bacteria and their products. Interleukin-1 and prostaglandins in particular have been implicated as central mediators of periapical bone resorption. Chronic periapical inflammation further involves specific T- and B-cell-mediated anti-bacterial responses, and activates a network of regulatory cytokines which are produced by Th1- and Th2-type T-lymphocytes. Various naturally occurring and genetically engineered models of immunodeficiency are beginning to help elucidate those components of the immune system which protect the pulpal/periapical complex. Both specific and non-specific responses interface with and are regulated by the neural system. The modulation of these responses by immune response modifies, cytokine antagonists, and other novel therapeutic agents is discussed. As an experimental model, periapical inflammation has many advantages which permit it to be used in studies of microbial ecology and pathogenesis, host response, neuroimmunology, and bone resorption and regeneration.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Booster Dose of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D Conjugate Vaccine Coadministered With Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Vaccine in Children Aged 12 to 16 Months (2010)

PHiD-CV and MMRV vaccine can be coadministered without compromising the safety and immunogenicity profiles of either vaccine.
Eculizumab: another breakthrough (2017)

In this issue of Blood, Harder et al demonstrate that breakthrough hemolysis in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) treated with eculizumab is due to strong activation of the complement cascade, leading to higher C3b density, which may cause a conformation change limiting the ability of eculizumab to block terminal complement.1
Lymphoma Update: 1997 (1997)

Many patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are not offered any therapeutic intervention other than surgical bypass due to very poor prognosis, poor patient tolerance to current therapeutic regimens, and a dismal tumor response to therapy. In view of these circumstances, an acceptable treatment regimen for pancreatic cancer must first demonstrate an ability to obtain a rapid tumor response with a regimen that will be well tolerated enabling the patient to maintain a good quality of life with full ambulatory status.The following multimodality trial was, therefore, undertaken in collaboration with my colleagues:
Antiproliferative effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors on malignant human hematopoietic cell lines. (1989)

Eicosanoids regulate a wide spectrum of cellular processes including cell proliferation. We have shown previously that lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid modulate normal human hematopoiesis by in vitro colony assays. In this study we investigated the role of lipoxygenase metabolites in regulating the proliferation of several malignant hematopoietic cell lines, including K562 and EM-2 (chronic myelogenous leukemia blasts), HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia cells), and U937 (malignant histiocytes). Piriprost, a specific inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, inhibits proliferation of these cell lines up to 95% with 50% cell inhibition at approximately 3 x 10(-5) M. Other less specific lipoxygenase inhibitors such as caffeic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, and BW755C have similar activity in a [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay. In contrast, indomethacin, which is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, has no suppressive effect in these assays. Inhibition by these drugs is completely reversible. Several nonhematopoietic malignant cell lines do not appear to be affected by these drugs. Two specific lipoxygenase metabolites, leukotriene B4 and leukotriene D4, stimulate leukemia cell line proliferation to 150% of control levels when added directly to cell cultures. These data suggest that certain lipoxygenase products, perhaps leukotrienes, are critical for the proliferation of malignant hematopoietic cells in vitro.
Air and road surface temperature variations during weather change (2001)

Abstract In this study, thermal mapping along the road and recordings from field stations in the Swedish Road Weather Information System (RWIS) are analysed. The purpose is to explore how long it takes for air and road surface temperatures to adjust from clear to overcast conditions after a warm front arrival, and to see if there are any variations in reaction time between the two temperatures. The study also focuses on whether different sitings affect the adjustment time when the warm front arrives and if the time of arrival is important for the resulting temperature variations. The results show that weather preceding the front, temperature difference when the front arrives, arrival time of the front, wind speed and the occurrence of precipitation all have an effect on the adjustment time. Air temperature reacts faster to a weather change than the road surface temperature. During the evening the road surface temperature can still be affected by previous shading for up to four hours after a front arrival. When the total cloud cover increases above 4 oktas before noon there are no or small lags in reaction time between air and road surface temperature, since there is insufficient time to establish shading effects. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society
Introduction to theoretical organic chemistry and molecular modeling (1997)

This text provides an introduction for chemists with a limited mathematical background, yet who need a working understanding of quantum chemistry as applied to problems in organic chemistry. It covers molecular modelling software, and offers a guide to the scope of each program.
Designing a new foundation for design (2006)

The book in which Fernando Flores and I introduced our version of the language-action perspective had an ambitious and provocative subtitle: Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design [8]. This special section of Communications offers the opportunity to apply the hindsight of nearly two decades to the implicit claim in that phrase, asking how the perspective has been successful as a foundation and promises to be so in the future.
A total synthesis of gelsemine: oxindole spiroannelation (1994)

J. K. Dutton, R. W. Steel, A. S. Tasker, V. Popsavin and A. P. Johnson, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1994, 765 DOI: 10.1039/C39940000765
IMGT, the International ImMunoGeneTics Information System (2011)

INTRODUCTION IMGT, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system ( http://www.imgt.org ), created in 1989 by the Laboratoire d’ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire LIGM (Université Montpellier 2 and CNRS, Montpellier, France), is the global reference in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics. IMGT-ONTOLOGY concepts, generated from the Formal IMGT-ONTOLOGY or IMGT-Kaleidoscope axioms, have allowed us to set up the IMGT Scientific chart rules and to standardize and manage the complexity of immunogenetics data. IMGT is a high-quality integrated knowledge resource specializing in the immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility (MH) of human and other vertebrate species, proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and MH superfamily (MhSF), related proteins of the immune systems (RPI) of vertebrates and invertebrates, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb), and fusion proteins for immune applications (FPIA). IMGT provides a common access to standardized data from genome, proteome, genetics, and three-dimensional (3D) structures. IMGT consists of databases, interactive online tools, and Web resources.
An improved 3D tetraculture system mimicking the cellular organisation at the alveolar barrier to study the potential toxic effects of particles on the lung (2013)

The system can be used in conjunction with a native aerosol exposure system and may finally lead to a more realistic judgement regarding the hazard of new compounds and/or new nano-scaled materials in the future. The results for the ROS production and IL-8 secretion suggest that submerged exposure may lead to an overestimation of observed effects.
Enhancer sequences of a retroviral vector determine expression of a gene in multipotent hematopoietic progenitors and committed erythroid cells. (1987)

To analyze the transcriptional activity of retroviral enhancer sequences in hematopoietic lineages, we determined the effect of enhancer sequences on the expression of the neomycin resistance gene transferred by two retroviral vectors to primary hematopoietic lineages. We constructed the vector pFr-SV(X). The Moloney murine leukemia virus enhancer region of a vector, pZIP-SV(X), was replaced by a 380-nucleotide-long fragment containing the enhancer sequences of the Friend murine leukemia virus. The enhancer sequences of Friend murine leukemia virus were used because these sequences have been shown to target the disease specificity of the virus to the erythroid lineage. Hematopoietic progenitors in murine continuous marrow cultures were infected with identical numbers of pure defective, infectious viral vector particles of either pFr-SV(X) or pZIP-SV(X). Expression of the transferred neomycin resistance gene in multipotential stem cells and their differentiated progeny was assayed as the ability of infected progenitors to form colonies (greater than 50 cells) in G418. Expression of the neomycin resistance gene in multipotential progenitor cells during the entire 11 weeks of the cultures was independent of the vector used to transfer the gene. Conversely, committed hemoglobinized erythroid bursts and myeloid colonies resistant to G418 were consistently produced by pFr-SV(X)-infected cultures but not pZIP-SV(X)-infected cultures. These results demonstrate that both pFr-SV(X) and pZIP-SV(X) were stably integrated and expressed in more primitive, multilineage, hematopoietic progenitor cells and suggest that the enhancer sequences of a vector affects expression of the transferred neomycin resistance gene when these cells differentiate to committed myeloid and erythroid cells.
A New Teletext Channel (1981)

A new method of transmitting data suitable for a teletext service is introduced. This is a channel that is time division multiplexed into the front porch Portion of the composite video and transmits two bits of information by virtue of a burst that can assume one of four possible phases, in the preferred form. It is intended to be used together with the conventional method of teletext transmission through the vertical blanking interval to substantially reduce the waiting time for page information acquisition and display. The system is shown to have an excellent resiliency to noise. It has good potential for cost effectiveness because it uses much of the circuitry already present in a color television for detection, synchronization, and processing.
Topical Administration of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Prevents Retinal Neurodegeneration in Experimental Diabetes (2015)

Retinal neurodegeneration is an early event in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Since glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) exerts neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system and the retina is ontogenically a brain-derived tissue, the aims of the current study were as follows: 1) to examine the expression and content of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in human and db/db mice retinas; 2) to determine the retinal neuroprotective effects of systemic and topical administration (eye drops) of GLP-1R agonists in db/db mice; and 3) to examine the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms. We have found abundant expression of GLP-1R in the human retina and retinas from db/db mice. Moreover, we have demonstrated that systemic administration of a GLP-1R agonist (liraglutide) prevents retinal neurodegeneration (glial activation, neural apoptosis, and electroretinographical abnormalities). This effect can be attributed to a significant reduction of extracellular glutamate and an increase of prosurvival signaling pathways. We have found a similar neuroprotective effect using topical administration of native GLP-1 and several GLP-1R agonists (liraglutide, lixisenatide, and exenatide). Notably, this neuroprotective action was observed without any reduction in blood glucose levels. These results suggest that GLP-1R activation itself prevents retinal neurodegeneration. Our results should open up a new approach in the treatment of the early stages of DR.
Subcellular Localization of Prostaglandin Endoperoxide H Synthases-1 and -2 by Immunoelectron Microscopy (1998)

Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases-1 and -2 (PGHS-1 and -2) are the major targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen. These enzymes catalyze the committed step in the formation of prostanoids from arachidonic acid. Although PGHS-1 and -2 are similar biochemically, a number of studies suggest that PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 function independently to form prostanoids that subserve different cellular functions. We have hypothesized that these isozymes may reside, at least in part, in different subcellular compartments and that their compartmentation may affect their access to arachidonic acid and serve to separate the functions of the enzymes. To obtain high resolution data on the subcellular locations of PGHS-1 and -2, we employed immunoelectron microscopy with multiple antibodies specific to each isozyme. Both PGHS-1 and -2 were found on the lumenal surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope of human monocytes, murine NIH 3T3 cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Within the nuclear envelope, PGHS-1 and -2 were present on both the inner and outer nuclear membranes and in similar proportions. Western blotting data showed a similar distribution of PGHS-1 and -2 in subcellular fractions, and product analysis using isozyme-specific inhibitors suggested that both enzymes generate the same products in NIH 3T3 cells. Thus, we are unable to attribute the independent functioning of PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 to differences in their subcellular locations. Instead, the independent operation of these isozymes may be attributable to subtle kinetic differences (e.g. negative allosteric regulation of PGHS-1 at low concentrations of arachidonate (500-1000 nM)). A further conclusion of importance from a cell biological perspective is that membrane proteins such as PGHS-1 and -2, which are located on the lumenal surface of the ER, are able to diffuse freely among the ER and the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope.