gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereospecific actions of the inhalation anesthetic isoflurane at the GABAA receptor complex (1993)

The inhalation anesthetic isoflurane stereoselectively modulates ligand binding to the GABAA receptor complex. The (+)-isomer of isoflurane was more potent and efficacious than the (-)-isomer in enhancing [3H]flunitrazepam binding to benzodiazepine receptors. For example, concentration effect curves for Cl- enhancement of [3H]flunitrazepam binding were significantly different (P < 0.001) in the presence of (+)- and (-)-isoflurane (0.44 and 0.88 mM). At the higher anesthetic concentration, they potency of Cl- to increase [3H]flunitrazepam binding was increased 3.2- and 1.45-fold by (+)- and (-)-isoflurane, respectively (P < 0.05). Likewise, concentration-effect curves for (+) isoflurane-enhanced [3H]flunitrazepam binding were significantly different (P < 0.05-P < 0.001) from the (-)-isomer in the presence of 0-200 mM Cl-. Stereoselectivity was not observed with respect to the potencies of these enantiomers as inhibitors of [35S]t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS) binding to sites within the Cl- ionophore. In this measure, the isomers had similar potencies (P > 0.05), although at higher concentrations (> 0.1 mM) (+)-isoflurane produced significantly more inhibition than (-)-isoflurane. While the absolute potency differences between isomers were modest (< or = 2-fold) and measure dependent, these effects were manifested at clinically relevant concentrations of isoflurane and are consistent with in vivo studies demonstrating (+)-isoflurane is a more effective anesthetic than the (-)-isomer. This is the first demonstration of an inhalation anesthetic producing a stereoselective perturbation of the GABAA receptor complex.
Improved depth-image-based rendering algorithm (2011)

The present work analyses a layered depth-image-based-rendering algorithm based on possible errors occurring with perspective 3D warping. The outcome is improvements to the algorithm that treats depth reliably for scenes containing several levels of foreground objects. The filling of holes of different kinds is addressed so that results have better visual quality. The analysis compares the results of the algorithm with a reference algorithm for the potential error types, and visual examples exhibit the consequences of the improvements. Different objective metrics give ambiguous results, which may be explained by the reduction of structure caused by the reference algorithm.
Replication of plasmids in gram-negative bacteria. (1989)

Replication of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is dependent on three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. The first stage, initiation, depends on plasmid-encoded properties such as the replication origin and, in most cases, the replication initiation protein (Rep protein). In recent years the understanding of initiation and regulation of plasmid replication in Escherichia coli has increased considerably, but it is only for the ColE1-type plasmids that significant biochemical data about the initial priming reaction of DNA synthesis exist. Detailed models have been developed for the initiation and regulation of ColE1 replication. For other plasmids, such as pSC101, some hypotheses for priming mechanisms and replication initiation are presented. These hypotheses are based on experimental evidence and speculative comparisons with other systems, e.g., the chromosomal origin of E. coli. In most cases, knowledge concerning plasmid replication is limited to regulation mechanisms. These mechanisms coordinate plasmid replication to the host cell cycle, and they also seem to determine the host range of a plasmid. Most plasmids studied exhibit a narrow host range, limited to E. coli and related bacteria. In contrast, some others, such as the IncP plasmid RK2 and the IncQ plasmid RSF1010, are able to replicate in nearly all gram-negative bacteria. This broad host range may depend on the correct expression of the essential rep genes, which may be mediated by a complex regulatory mechanism (RK2) or by the use of different promoters (RSF1010). Alternatively or additionally, owing to the structure of their origin and/or to different forms of their replication initiation proteins, broad-host-range plasmids may adapt better to the host enzymes that participate in initiation. Furthermore, a broad host range can result when replication initiation is independent of host proteins, as is found in the priming reaction of RSF1010.
Engineering high-affinity PD-1 variants for optimized immunotherapy and immuno-PET imaging (2015)

Signaling through the immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) enables tumor progression by dampening antitumor immune responses. Therapeutic blockade of the signaling axis between PD-1 and its ligand programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) with monoclonal antibodies has shown remarkable clinical success in the treatment of cancer. However, antibodies have inherent limitations that can curtail their efficacy in this setting, including poor tissue/tumor penetrance and detrimental Fc-effector functions that deplete immune cells. To determine if PD-1:PD-L1-directed immunotherapy could be improved with smaller, nonantibody therapeutics, we used directed evolution by yeast-surface display to engineer the PD-1 ectodomain as a high-affinity (110 pM) competitive antagonist of PD-L1. In contrast to anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, high-affinity PD-1 demonstrated superior tumor penetration without inducing depletion of peripheral effector T cells. Consistent with these advantages, in syngeneic CT26 tumor models, high-affinity PD-1 was effective in treating both small (50 mm(3)) and large tumors (150 mm(3)), whereas the activity of anti-PD-L1 antibodies was completely abrogated against large tumors. Furthermore, we found that high-affinity PD-1 could be radiolabeled and applied as a PET imaging tracer to efficiently distinguish between PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative tumors in living mice, providing an alternative to invasive biopsy and histological analysis. These results thus highlight the favorable pharmacology of small, nonantibody therapeutics for enhanced cancer immunotherapy and immune diagnostics.
Hybrid III-V/Si DFB laser integration on a 220 mm fully CMOS-compatible silionn photonlcsplotform (2017)

In this paper we demonstrate the first integration of a hybrid III-V/Si laser in a fully CMOS compatible 200mm technology. Device with SMSR up to 50 dB and a maximum output power of 4mW coupled in the waveguide have been measured. The fabrication flow is fully planar and compatible with large scale integration silicon photonics circuit.
OS0115 Rubber-based strain sensor fabricated using photolithography for intelligent tires (2008)

From a traffic safety point-of-view, there is an urgent need for intelligent tires equipped with strain sensors as a warning system for road conditions and for optimized braking control on poor road surfaces. However, since a conventional foil strain gage has high stiffness, it causes the analyzed region to behave unnaturally. The present study proposes a novel rubber-based strain sensor fabricated using photolithography. The rubber base has the same mechanical properties as the tire surface; thereby the sensor does not interfere with the tire deformation and can accurately monitor the behavior of the tire. This investigation details the design and manufacture of the rubber-based sensor.
Proteomics-driven identification of SCO4677-dependent proteins in Streptomyces lividans and Streptomyces coelicolor. (2010)

AfsR2 is a global regulatory protein which stimulates antibiotic biosynthesis in both Streptomyces lividans and S. coelicolor. Previously, various afsR2-dependent genes including a putative abaA-like regulatory gene, SCO4677, were identified through comparative DNA microarray analysis. To further identify the putative SCO4677-dependent proteins, the comparative proteomics-driven approach was applied to the SCO4677-overexpressing strains of S. lividans and S. coelicolor along with the wild-type strains. The 2D gel-electrophoresis gave approximately 277 protein spots for S. lividans and 207 protein spots for S. coelicolor, showing different protein expression patterns between the SCO4677-overexpressing strains and the wild-type strains. Further MALDI-TOF analysis revealed that only 18 proteins exhibited similar expression patterns in both S. lividans and S. coelicolor, suggesting that the SCO4677 could encode an abaA-like regulator which controls a few cross-species proteins as well as many species-specific proteins in Streptomyces species.
Dual-mode compliant optical tactile sensor (2013)

Tactile force sensing and compliance are key elements of safe and natural-feeling human-robot interaction. We present an optical tactile sensor in the form of a compliant elastomer 'fingertip' tracked by a high-speed low-resolution image sensor with on-board signal processing. We propose a dual-mode bio-mimetic control loop, where in reflex mode the sensor sends fast reflexive action commands directly to actuators, bypassing the central controller to minimise reaction times. For higher-level interpretation, a slower explore mode enables more sophisticated processing of the sensory input by the central controller. We demonstrate sensing of normal force in both modes of operation, showing that in reflex mode we are able to rapidly detect the presence of forces and compute an approximate magnitude estimate while in explore mode we are able to perform more accurate force measurements.
Current-Driven Switching in a Single Exchange-Biased Ferromagnetic Layer (2004)

We demonstrate spin-transfer torque effects in a single exchange-biased ferromagnetic layer. A current through a point contact to the exchange-biased Co layer reverses the magnetization of a nanodomain in the layer hysteretically for low applied magnetic fields and reversibly for high fields (up to 9 T). These effects are the inverse of the domain wall magnetoresistance, in the same way that similar effects in multilayers are the inverse of giant magnetoresistance.
Cloning MicroRNAs From Mammalian Tissues (2006)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitous regulators of gene expression in plants and animals. Their distinctive structure, as very short RNAs with a 5'-phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl group, has enabled the development of protocols to clone miRNAs. After enrichment of these small molecules by size, serial ligation of adapter oligonucleotides to each terminus allows amplification using reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasmid cloning of multiple miRNA sequences and subsequent DNA sequence analysis enable both bioinformatic characterization of the various miRNAs and experimental validation of their accumulation in cells.
High Frequency Of Gag- And Envelope-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Precursors In Children With Vertically Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (1994)

Circulating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are seen less frequently in unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from children with vertically acquired HIV infection than in PBMC from HIV-infected adults. HIV-1 Gag-, reverse transcriptase (RT)-, and envelope (Env)-specific cytotoxic activity was studied in PBMC from HIV-infected children. Only 9% of subjects had Gag- or RT-specific CTL in unstimulated PBMC. However, in PBMC studied after CD3 stimulation, Gag- and Env-specific CTL were found in PBMC from 91% and 78% of HIV-infected children, respectively. Limiting dilution analysis of precursor CTL (pCTL) frequencies in PBMC from children > 12 months old demonstrated Gag- and Env-specific pCTL frequencies from 0.5 to 6.3/10,000 PBMC and from 0.66 to 33.0/10,000 PBMC, respectively. Thus, children with vertically acquired HIV infection have high frequencies of HIV-specific pCTL.
Structural modelling and mutagenesis of human cytomegalovirus alkaline nuclease UL98 (2011)

Human cytomegalovirus encodes an alkaline nuclease, UL98, that is highly conserved among herpesviruses and has both endonuclease (endo) and exonuclease (exo) activities. This protein is thought to be important for viral replication and therefore represents a potential target for antiviral development; however, little is known about its structure or role in viral replication. Comparative structural modelling was used to build a model of UL98 based on the known structure of shutoff and exonuclease protein from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. The model predicts that UL98 residues D254, E278 and K280 represent the critical aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine active-site residues, respectively, while R164 and S252 correspond to residues proposed to bind the 5' phosphate of the DNA substrate. UL98 with an amino-terminal hexahistidine tag was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography and confirmed to have exo and endo activities. Amino acid substitutions D254A, E278A, K280A and S252A virtually eliminated exo and endo activities, whereas R164A retained full endo activity but only 10 % of the exo activity compared with the wild-type enzyme. A mutant virus lacking UL98 was viable but severely attenuated for replication, while one expressing UL98(R164A) replicated normally. These results confirm the utility of the model in representing the active-site region of UL98 and suggest a mechanism for the differentiation of endonuclease and exonuclease activities. These findings could facilitate the exploration of the roles of alkaline nucleases in herpesvirus replication and the rational design of inhibitors that target their enzymic activities.
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Five: Conformance Criteria and Examples (1996)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for
Pna Array Technology in Molecular Diagnostics (1998)

Abstract A comparative study using immobilised DNA and PNA oligomers demonstrates the suitability of PNA molecules as sequence specific capture probes in the detection of single point mutations in a DNA analyte and in the analysis of complex analyte mixtures.
Low Loss Nanophotonic Waveguides and Ring Resonators in Silicon-on-Insulator (2004)

Abstract. High index contrast, wavelength-scale structures are the key to ultra-compact integration of photonic integrated circuits. We discuss the general properties of these nanophotonic components and the rationale for using them. We studied the fabrication of these structures in the Silicon-on-insulator material system using CMOS processing methods and find this technology to be suitable for commercial implementation of nanophotonic IC’s. We review photonic wires as one of the paths towards achieving denser integration and discuss the measurement results of waveguides and ring resonators. To tackle the coupling to fiber and the polarization dependency problem, we studied and fabricated vertical fiber couplers.
Adult Stem Cell Plasticity: Fact or Artifact? (2003)

There has been unprecedented recent interest in stem cells, mainly because of the hope they offer for cell therapy. Adult stem cells are an attractive source of cells for therapy, especially in view of the recent claims that they are remarkably plastic in their developmental potential when exposed to new environments. Some of these claims have been either difficult to reproduce or shown to be misinterpretations, leaving the phenomenon of adult stem cell plasticity under a cloud. There are, however, other examples of plasticity where differentiated cells or their precursors can be reprogrammed by extracellular cues to alter their character in ways that could have important implications for cell therapy and other forms of regenerative treatment.
Silk Gland Factor-1 Involved in the Regulation of Bombyx Sericin-1 Gene Contains Fork Head Motif (1995)

Silk gland factor-1 (SGF-1) regulates transcription of the Bombyx sericin-1 gene via interaction with the SA site. In this study, two related SGF-1 polypeptides of apparent molecular masses of 40 and 41 kDa were purified. Specific interaction of these proteins with the SA site was demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift and dimethyl sulfate methylation interference assays. The SGF-1 40-kDa protein was partially sequenced and characterized as a new member of the fork head/HNF-3 family. Several full-length cDNAs encoding the SGF-1 40-kDa and possibly also the 41-kDa proteins were cloned and sequenced. SGF-1 mRNA is expressed consistently with the presumed role of the SGF-1 protein product in regulating the sericin-1 gene. The SGF-1 protein contains putative transactivation domains. We conclude that the 40- and 41-kDa SGF-1 proteins affect transcription of the sericin-1 gene via binding to the SA site.
A verifiable, bidder-resolved Auction Protocol (2002)

Security and privacy have become crucial factors in auction design. Various schemes to ensure the safe conduction of sealed-bid auctions have been proposed recently. We introduce a new standard of privacy for auctions (“full privacy”), that prevents extraction of bid information despite any collusion of participants. This requirement is stronger than other common assumptions that prohibit the collusion of certain third-parties (e.g., distinct auctioneers). Full privacy can be obtained by applying a secret sharing scheme in which the bidders jointly compute the selling price on their own without uncovering any additional information. No auctioneers or other trusted third parties are used to resolve the auction. The major contribution of this work is the fully private (M + 1)st-price auction protocol in which only the winning bidders and the seller learn the selling price. To the best of our knowledge there is no other cryptographic auction protocol that achieves a similar level of privacy. The auction outcome cannot be changed or nullified by dishonest bidders because the protocol is publicly verifiable. As full privacy is our main goal, the drawback of the presented protocol is efficiency. Without relaxing any security demands, it is only applicable for high-security auctions with relatively few bidders in reasonable time. 1.
[Predictive factors of response to anti-EGFR treatments in colorectal cancer]. (2008)

Among the targeted therapies used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), cetuximab was registered in France in 2004. This chimeric antibody inhibiting the Epidermal Growth receptor (EGFR) has been demonstrated to be efficient in the treatment of irinotecan-resistant metastatic CRC expressing the EGFR. Panitumumab, a fully humanized anti-EGFR antibody should soon be registered after failure of conventional chemotherapies. However, these costly and potentially toxic treatments are efficient in a little proportion of patients. It is so necessary to identify some factors able to better define whose patients will benefit from these treatments. The major potential predictive factors of response to cetuximab and/or panitumumab that have been evaluated in the literature, which are summarized in this review, are molecular factors involved more or less directly in the EGF signaling pathway. Among them, KRAS mutations, EGFR gene copy number and, more recently, epiregulin and amphiregulin expression are those, along with skin toxicity, which appear to be the most relevant and which will have to be evaluated in future clinical trials to be validated before being incorporated in therapeutic strategy of CRC.
Leukocyte interleukins induce cultured endothelial cells to produce a highly organized, glycosaminoglycan-rich pericellular matrix. (1984)

We report here that interleukins have a dramatic effect on extracellular matrix production by cultured endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells incubated with growth media conditioned by lectin-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes undergo marked changes in cell shape and elaborate a highly organized extracellular material that is not detectable in untreated cultures. This material has the following characteristics: (a) it is not recognizable by electron microscopy unless the cationic dye, Alcian blue, is added to the fixative; (b) it is visualized as a network of branching and anastomosing fibrils of various thickness that can be resolved into bundles of fine filaments; (c) it is associated with the cell surface, extends between contiguous cells, and coats the culture substrate; (d) it is removed by digestion with glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes, such as crude heparinase and chondroitinase ABC. These results demonstrate that soluble factors released by activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (interleukins) stimulate cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells to produce a highly structured pericellular matrix containing glycosaminoglycans (probably chondroitin sulfate and/or hyaluronic acid) as a major constituent. We speculate that this phenomenon corresponds to an early step of angiogenesis as observed in vivo as a consequence of interleukin release.
Handbook of Electroluminescent Materials (2004)

Principles of EL. II-VI group materials. III-V group materials. IV group materials. Organic materials. Flourides. High-Tc superconductors.
OryGenesDB: a database for rice reverse genetics (2005)

Insertional mutant databases containing Flanking Sequence Tags (FSTs) are becoming key resources for plant functional genomics. We have developed OryGenesDB (http://orygenesdb.cirad.fr/), a database dedicated to rice reverse genetics. Insertion mutants of rice genes are catalogued by Flanking Sequence Tag (FST) information that can be readily accessed by this database. Our database presently contains 44166 FSTs generated by most of the rice insertional mutagenesis projects. The OryGenesDB genome browser is based on the powerful Generic Genome Browser (GGB) developed in the framework of the Generic Model Organism Project (GMOD). The main interface of our web site displays search and analysis interfaces to look for insertions in any candidate gene of interest. Several starting points can be used to exhaustively retrieve the insertions positions and associated genomic information using blast, keywords or gene name search. The toolbox integrated in our database also includes an 'anchoring' option that allows immediate mapping and visualization of up to 50 nucleic acid sequences in the rice Genome Browser of OryGenesDB. As a first step toward plant comparative genomics, we have linked the rice and Arabidopsis whole genome using all the predicted pairs of orthologs by best BLAST mutual hit (BBMH) connectors.
Importance of thrombosis and thrombolysis in silent ischaemia: comparison of patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. (1994)

The results suggest that thrombosis mediates the pathophysiological mechanisms of silent ischaemia and unstable angina.