gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein kinase C inhibitors as novel anticancer drugs (2001)

The role of PKC isoforms in signal transduction pathways involved in regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, differentiation, invasiveness, senescence and drug efflux are reviewed, along with the clinical results on the current crop of PKC inhibitors, including midostaurin (PKC-412, CGP 41251, N -benzoylstaurosporine), UCN-01 (7-hydroxystaurosporine), bryostatin 1, perifosine, ilmofosine, Ro 31-8220, Ro 32-0432, GO 6976, ISIS-3521 (CGP 64128A) and the macrocyclic bis (indolyl) maleimides (LY-333531, LY-379196, LY-317615). An appreciation of the complex, often contradictory roles of PKC isoforms in signal transduction pathways involved in cancer is important for interpreting the clinical results observed with PKC inhibitors of varying selectivity. An antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS-3521 and two orally available small molecule inhibitors, LY 333531 and midostaurin, have now advanced to latter stage development for cancer and/or other indications. These compounds have varying levels of selectivity for the PKC isoforms and for the kinase and initial safety and early clinical efficacy have been encouraging. At this stage, the potential of PKC inhibition for the treatment of cancer has not been fully realised. The concurrent inhibition of multiple PKC isoforms may yet provide an improved clinical outcome in treating cancers in view of the complex interrelated roles of the PKC isoforms.
Indirect Measurement of Eye-Level Arterial Pressure by the Volume Oscillometric Method (1990)

Eye-level blood pressure was indirectly measured in human superficial temporal arteries with a newly designed sphygmomanometer using the volume oscillometric principle. This device comprises a reflected, infrared, photoelectric plethysmograph (RIPP) for detecting arterial volume variations and an artery compression cuff. Systolic and mean arterial pressures were determined from the cuff pressure corresponding respectively to the appearance and maximum point of the arterial volume variations. Diastolic pressure was calculated from these pressure values using a conventional equation. The pressures were corrected with respect to the hydrostatic pressure difference between the heart and eye, and compared with the data simultaneously obtained by (1) auscultation method in the brachial arteries; (2) volume compensation; and (3) a volume oscillometric method in the finger arteries. The eye-level pressure and its change were recorded during rest and exercises such as bicycle ergometry, weight lifting, Master's two-step test, and acceleration loading by a human centrifuge.
Scattering-assisted tunneling in double-barrier diodes: Scattering rates and valley current (1993)

We describe the valley current of double-barrier diodes as a scattering-assisted tunneling current. Scattering processes are included by using Fermi's golden rule between the unperturbed states of the tunneling structure, in a true three-dimensional calculation, without adjustable parameters. Intrinsic processes (optical and acoustic phonons, alloy disorder) are treated as well as the contribution of interface roughness. We apply it to several situations (geometry, doping, temperature, materials) and demonstrate that the calculated valley current agrees well with observation both with regard to structure in the valley current and peak-to-valley ratios.
Functional Analysis of Vaccinia Virus B5R Protein: Essential Role in Virus Envelopment Is Independent of a Large Portion of the Extracellular Domain (1998)

Vaccinia virus has two forms of infectious virions: the intracellular mature virus and the extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). EEV is critical for cell-to-cell and long-range spread of the virus. The B5R open reading frame (ORF) encodes a membrane protein that is essential for EEV formation. Deletion of the B5R ORF results in a dramatic reduction of EEV, and as a consequence, the virus produces small plaques in vitro and is highly attenuated in vivo. The extracellular portion of B5R is composed mainly of four domains that are similar to the short consensus repeats (SCRs) present in complement regulatory proteins. To determine the contribution of these putative SCR domains to EEV formation, we constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses that replaced the wild-type B5R gene with a mutated gene encoding a B5R protein lacking the SCRs. The resulting recombinant viruses produced large plaques, indicating efficient cell-to-cell spread in vitro, and gradient centrifugation of supernatants from infected cells confirmed that EEV was formed. In contrast, phalloidin staining of infected cells showed that the virus lacking the SCR domains was deficient in the induction of thick actin bundles. Thus, the highly conserved SCR domains present in the extracellular portion of the B5R protein are dispensable for EEV formation. This indicates that the B5R protein is a key viral protein with multiple functions in the process of virus envelopment and release. In addition, given the similarity of the extracellular domain to complement control proteins, the B5R protein may be involved in viral evasion from host immune responses.
Regulation of the phosphate regulon in Escherichia coli K-12: regulation of the negative regulatory gene phoU and identification of the gene product (1984)

The phoU gene is one of the negative regulatory genes of the pho regulon of Escherichia coli. The DNA fragment carrying phoU has been cloned on pBR322 (Amemura et al., J. Bacteriol. 152:692-701, 1982). Further subcloning, Tn1000 insertion inactivation, and complementation tests localized the phoU gene within a 1.1-kilobase region on the cloned DNA fragment. The gene product of phoU was identified by the maxicell method as a protein with an approximate molecular weight of 27,000. A hybrid plasmid that contains a phoU'-lac'Z fused gene was constructed in vitro. This plasmid enabled us to study phoU gene expression by measuring the beta-galactosidase level in the cells. The plasmid was introduced into various regulatory mutants related to the pho regulon, and phoU gene expression in these strains was studied under limited and excess phosphate conditions. It was found that phoU is expressed at a higher level when the cells are cultured under the excess phosphate condition. The higher phoU expression was observed in a phoB mutant and a phoR-phoM double mutant. The implications of these findings for the regulation of pho genes are discussed.
Efficient Acoustic Feature Extraction For Music Information Retrieval Using Programmable Gate Arrays. (2009)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
JFFS : The Journalling Flash File System (2001)

The hydrogel using natural and synthetic polymers to create a cross-linking network has drawn attention in diverse bioapplications. However, inhibition of bacterial infection is still a challenge for hydrogel's wide application. In this work, we reported a supramolecular hydrogel with a good antibacterial property built from conjugated molecules. The water-soluble molecular 4,7-bis[9,9-di(2-carboxy-ethyl)-fluoren-2-yl]-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (OFBTCOOH) physically linked with monomers via hydrophobic interaction. The free-radical polymerized poly(<i>N</i>-acryloyl glycinamide) was hydrogen-bond cross-linked by dual amides in the side chains to form a hydrogel. An adjustable micro-network was obtained by increasing OFBTCOOH with evidence of enhanced intermolecular interaction. The successfully integrated OFBTCOOH could be excited upon light irradiation. The energy of triplet-state excitons of OFBTCOOH transferred to the ground-state oxygen to produce singlet oxygen, which endowed the hydrogel with the antibacterial property. Meanwhile, the superhydrophilic surface of the hydrogel can bind water molecules to form a stable hydration layer, which acted as barriers to resist protein and bacterial adsorption and achieve the anti-biofouling goal. The ease in introducing conjugated polyelectrolytes may provide a formulation to functionalize hydrogels via various physical interactions.
Fast Face-Swap Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

We consider the problem of face swapping in images, where an input identity is transformed into a target identity while preserving pose, facial expression and lighting. To perform this mapping, we use convolutional neural networks trained to capture the appearance of the target identity from an unstructured collection of his/her photographs. This approach is enabled by framing the face swapping problem in terms of style transfer, where the goal is to render an image in the style of another one. Building on recent advances in this area, we devise a new loss function that enables the network to produce highly photorealistic results. By combining neural networks with simple pre- and post-processing steps, we aim at making face swap work in real-time with no input from the user.
T cell activation via CD2 [T, gp50] molecules: accessory cells are required to trigger T cell activation via CD2-D66 plus CD2-9.6/T11(1) epitopes. (1985)

Binding monoclonal antibodies (MAb) both to D66 and 9.6/T11(1) epitopes on the CD2 [T,gp50]-defined molecule produces a high level of T cell mitosis. This was observed with a battery of MAb of different isotypes. In contrast, none of the anti-D66 or anti-9.6/T11(1)Ab could trigger T cell proliferation in combination with anti-T11(3). Moreover, all anti-D66-9.6/T11(1) pairs of MAb tested required monocytes to activate T cells which were recruited through their Fc receptors. Variations among normal individuals were observed in the level of response to anti-D66-9.6/T11(1) pairs of Ab, 75% of a population of French Caucasians giving a high response. The level of response of a given individual was determined by his accessory cells. However, the level of response of an individual appeared to be minimally influenced by the isotype of a peculiar anti-D66 or anti-9.6/T11(1) Ab. The addition of exogeneous IL 2 could overcome the removal of accessory cells or the modulation of CD3 molecules. In contrast, IL 2 receptor appearance was not overcome by removal of monocytes. Thus, T cell activation via CD2 seems to be produced by "touching" several definite regions of this molecule which trigger a cascade of events similar to those produced by mitogenic lectins. One can assume that the appropriate conformational changes of the CD2 molecule induced by anti-D66-9.6/T11(1) pairs of Ab are solely produced when they are presented by accessory cells. This leaves open the question of whether accessory cells would also play a more active role.
Development of Potassium Conductances in Perinatal Rat Phrenic Motoneurons (2000)

Prior to the inception of inspiratory synaptic drive transmission from medullary respiratory centers, rat phrenic motoneurons (PMNs) have action potential and repetitive firing characteristics typical of immature embryonic motoneurons. During the period spanning from when respiratory bulbospinal and segmental afferent synaptic connections are formed at embryonic day 17 (E17) through to birth (gestational period is approximately 21 days), a pronounced transformation of PMN electrophysiological properties occurs. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the elaboration of action potential afterpotentials and the resulting changes in repetitive firing properties are due in large part to developmental changes in PMN potassium conductances. Ionic conductances were measured via whole cell patch recordings using a cervical slice-phrenic nerve preparation isolated from perinatal rats. Voltage- and current-clamp recordings revealed that PMNs expressed outward rectifier (I(KV)) and A-type potassium currents that regulated PMN action potential and repetitive firing properties throughout the perinatal period. There was an age-dependent leftward shift in the activation voltage and a decrease in the time-to-peak of I(KV) during the period from E16 through to birth. The most dramatic change during the perinatal period was the increase in calcium-activated potassium currents after the inception of inspiratory drive transmission at E17. Block of the maxi-type calcium-dependent potassium conductance caused a significant increase in action potential duration and a suppression of the fast afterhyperpolarizing potential. Block of the small conductance calcium-dependent potassium channels resulted in a marked suppression of the medium afterhyperpolarizing potential and an increase in the repetitive firing frequency. In conclusion, the increase in calcium-mediated potassium conductances are in large part responsible for the marked transformation in action potential shape and firing properties of PMNs from the time between the inception of fetal respiratory drive transmission and birth.
Synthesis of pathogenesis-related proteins in tobacco is regulated at the level of mRNA accumulation and occurs on membrane-bound polysomes (1985)

The pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins of tobacco plants are induced in response to a variety of pathogenic and chemical agents. Although the function of these proteins is unknown, they are associated with resistance to multiplication and/or spread of tobacco mosaic virus. We report that functional mRNAs encoding PR proteins are present only when synthesis of these proteins has been induced, suggesting that their synthesis is controlled in part at the level of mRNA accumulation. In addition PR proteins appear to be synthesized and processed in a manner analogous to proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum since (i) the in vitro translation products synthesized in the wheat-germ cell-free system are slightly larger than the in vivo products, (ii) translation of PR mRNAs in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate system is blocked unless that system is supplemented with dog pancreas microsomes, and (iii) mRNAs for PR proteins are associated predominantly with membrane-bound polysomes in vivo. This pathway of synthesis and posttranslational modification suggests possible sites of action of these proteins.
Serodiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Argentina by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of IgG antibody to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 and tuberculin purified protein derivative. (1984)

IgG antibody to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 and tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) was measured, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in serum samples from 86 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 91 non-tuberculous control subjects from Santa Fé, Argentina. The geometric mean titre for the tuberculosis patients was 74.6 with antigen 5 and 99.5 with PPD. In 91 control subjects the geometric mean titres were 3.6 and 15.6 respectively. Titres were not related to tuberculin reactor status or prior BCG vaccination. At a serum dilution end-point of 1:40, ELISA with antigen 5 had a sensitivity of 81.4% and a specificity of 93.4% for tuberculosis. At 1:40, ELISA with PPD showed a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 54.9% for tuberculosis. Applied at a serum dilution of 1:40 to a hypothetical model population with a tuberculosis prevalence of 2%, ELISA using antigen 5 would correctly classify 93.2% of persons and ELISA with PPD, 55.5%. At a dilution of 1:80, accuracy is increased to 99.3% with antigen 5 and 83.3% with PPD, but sensitivity decreases to 64.0% with antigen 5 and 72.1% with PPD. Thus, antigen 5 is more accurate than PPD for the diagnosis of tuberculosis using ELISA.
Nano-structured micropatterns by combination of block copolymer self-assembly and UV photolithography (2006)

A procedure for the fabrication of nano-structured micropatterns by direct UV photo-patterning of a monolayer of a self-assembled block copolymer/transition metal hybrid structure is described. The method exploits the selective photochemical modification of a self-assembled monolayer of hexagonally ordered block copolymer micelles loaded with a metal precursor salt. Solvent development of the monolayer after irradiation results in the desired pattern of micelles on the surface. Subsequent plasma treatment of the pattern leaves ordered metal nanodots. The presented technique is a simple and low-cost combination of 'top-down' and 'bottom-up' approaches that allows decoration of large areas with periodic and aperiodic patterns of nano-objects, with good control over two different length scales: nano- and micrometres.
Anti-tumor ribonuclease, combined with or conjugated to monoclonal antibody MRK16, overcomes multidrug resistance to vincristine in vitro and in vivo (1996)

Onconase, a ribonuclease isolated from Rana pipiens oocytes and early embryos, is a member of the RNase A superfamily. Onconase has anti-neoplastic properties both in vitro and in vivo, and is undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present study, Onconase was combined with or conjugated to MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein (Pgp) monoclonal antibody. The interaction of these combinations with vincristine (VCR) against parental and multidrug resistant (MDR), Pgp expressing, human colon carcinoma cells caused increased VCR cytotoxicity in vitro and enhanced survival of athymic nude mice given transplants of drug resistant HT-29(mdr1) cells in vivo. The results suggest that combination treatment with Onconase and other agents that modulate the chemosensitivity of Pgp-expressing human tumor cells has the potential to overcome MDR.
Effects of time of insemination relative to ovulation on pregnancy rate and embryonic‐loss rate in mares (1990)

The effects of pre-ovulatory and post ovulatory insemination on pregnancy rate and embryonic-loss rate were studied in 268 mares in two experiments. Within each experiment mares were randomised within replicates as follows: to be inseminated on the day the pre-ovulatory follicle reached 35 mm (pre-ovulatory group), to be inseminated on the day of ovulation (Day 0 group), and to be inseminated on the day after ovulation (Day 1 group). Ultrasonic pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Days 11, 12, 13 and 14 (Experiment 1) and Days 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20 and 40 (Experiment 2). Combined for the two experiments, pregnancy rates were different (P less than 0.01) among the three groups. For Experiment 2, pregnancy rate within the pre-ovulatory group was lower (P less than 0.05) for insemination 4 days or more before ovulation than for up to 3 days before ovulation. Pregnancy rate was lower (P less than 0.05) for the Day 0 group than for the pre-ovulatory group inseminated up to 3 days before ovulation. In Experiment 2, ovulation was detected by examinations every 6 h; pregnancy rate was greater (P less than 0.05) for mares inseminated 0 to 6 h after ovulation than for mares inseminated at 18 to 24 h. No pregnancies occurred when mares were inseminated 30 h or more after ovulation. The mean day of first detection of the embryonic vesicle was different (P less than 0.0001) among the three groups. Diameter of embryonic vesicle averaged over Days 11 to 15 also differed (P less than 0.0001) among groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studies on the constituents of Aster tataricus L.f.II. Structures of aster saponins isolated from the root. (1989)

Four new oleanane-type triterpene saponins named aster saponins A, B, C and D were isolated from the root of Aster tataricus L.f. (Compositae). Their structures were elucidated based on chemical and spectral evidence as follows.Aster saponin A : a 28-[O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl]ester of 3-O-[O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-2β, 3β, 16α-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (asterogenic acid).Aster saponin B : an echinocystic acid (3β, 16α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid) glycoside corresponding to aster saponin A.Aster saponin C : a 28-[O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-xylopyranosil]ester of 3-O-[O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]asterogenic acid.Aster saponin D : an echinocystic acid glycoside corresponding to aster saponin C.
Bosentan Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2002)

The endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan is beneficial in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and is well tolerated at a dose of 125 mg twice daily. Endothelin-receptor antagonism with oral bosentan is an effective approach to therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Manufacturer's Response to Case Reports of PML (2013)

On December 7, we noticed signs of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) on MRI, with indications becoming more evident on December 13 (Fig. 1).We initiated treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone.Her clinical condition stabilized in early January 2013, and we observed the first signs of recovery on January 31.We believe that treatment with Psorinovo contributed to the development of PML in our patient.First, lymphopenia developed during treatment with Psorinovo and is a well known side effect. 1 Second, our patient had used no immunosuppressive medication before the onset of PML, and she was seronegative for HIV.Finally, the occurrence of IRIS after the discontinuation of Psorinovo argues in favor of a causal link.We think this case report is of special relevance since preparations of fumaric acid esters, including dimethyl fumarate, are emerging drugs that may have a broader range of therapeutic indications in the near future.
Repeated Lipoinjections for Stress Urinary Incontinence (1997)

A total of 30 women with stress incontinence underwent periurethral injection of autologous fat under spinal anesthesia. The fat was harvested from the abdominal wall by liposuction. Preoperative evaluation consisted of history, physical examination, and urodynamic evaluation. For study purposes, some patients also underwent bladder and urethral ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging studies. The first 13 patients received a single periurethral lipoinjection, and the following 17 patients received sequential injections when needed at 3-month intervals. Results were assessed by subjective questionnaire performed at 3 and 12 months. All patients had intrinsic sphincteric deficiency. Of the first group, there were only four patients (31%) cured after 1 year of follow-up. On the other hand, in the group that received repeated injections, there were 11 patients (64%) cured with a mean of two injections at 1-year follow-up. Our results show that this procedure warrants continued clinical investigation because it may be useful in selected cases of urinary stress incontinence.
Presence of 2'–5' a synthetase in dog liver (1981)

Journal Article
Variants of bcl-2 specific siRNA for silencing antiapoptotic bcl-2 in pancreatic cancer (2005)

Bcl-2 specific siRNAs specifically inhibited expression of the target gene in vitro and in vivo. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were observed in tumour cells but not in fibroblasts or non-malignant tissues. siRNA permutations and diverse overhangs influenced gene silencing efficacy. siRNA was quickly distributed to all organs and excreted via the kidney and liver. Bcl-2 specific siRNA is a promising adjunctive treatment for pancreatic carcinoma.