gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Isomerization of Substituted 5-Amino-1,2,3-triazoles1 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Isomerization of Substituted 5-Amino-1,2,3-triazoles1EUGENE LIEBER, TAI SIANG CHAO, and C. N. RAMACHANDRA RAOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 6, 654–662Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01357a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views502Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Functional specificity of jejunal brush-border pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase in pig (1991)

To determine the functional specificity of intestinal brush-border pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase (PPH), we compared the regional location of in vivo hydrolysis of pteroyltriglutamate (PteGlu3) with the location of activity and immunoreactivity of the enzyme in the pig. After in vivo incubations, PteGlu3 hydrolytic products were recovered from intestinal segments in the jejunum but not from the ileum. Brush-border PPH activity in fractionated mucosa was 10-fold greater in the jejunum than in the ileum, whereas the activity of intracellular PPH was increased in the distal ileum. Antibodies to purified brush-border PPH identified a major protein band at 120 kDa and a minor protein band at 195 kDa in solubilized jejunal brush border. Immunohistochemistry identified the enzyme only on the brush-border surface of the jejunum, whereas an immunoblot of solubilized brush-border membranes identified brush-border PPH in the jejunum but not in the ileum. The parallel of the regional location of in vivo hydrolysis of PteGlu3 with the location of brush-border PPH activity and immunoreactivity demonstrates the functional specificity of this enzyme in folate digestion.
Clonal Selection of HIV Type 1 Variants Associated with Resistance to Foscarnet in Vitro : Confirmation by Molecular Evolutionary Analysis (1997)

Foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate, PFA) is an effective inhibitor of retroviral reverse transcriptase (RT) and is known to block the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this article we analyzed the evolutionary process in generating HIV-1 strains related to drug resistance, using PFA as a selective pressure. PFA inhibited virus replication and protected the virus-induced cell killing, but it did not completely eliminate HIV-1 during the course of 7 weeks of treatment. The nucleotide sequence of the 859-bp DNA fragment spanning the core region of the HIV-1 pol gene was determined for 51 clones obtained from genomic DNA of the HIV-1-infected cells at different time points during PFA treatment. The nucleotide sequence analysis documented the presence of a minor HIV-1 variant prior to the PFA treatment. Molecular evolutionary techniques were utilized to analyze how the minor HIV-1 clones became predominant during this evolutionary process under the selective pressure of PFA. A phylogenetic tree analysis divided these 51 HIV-1 clones into 3 groups. One of the groups consisted of the clones associated with the resistance to PFA. The clones belonging to this group became predominant over time during the course of PFA treatment. Thus, the acquisition of PFA resistance by HIV-1 was considered to be due to clonal selection. Furthermore, among the various amino acid substitutions observed, the substitution of arginine at position 172 by lysine (Arg172Lys) clearly distinguished this group from the others. Since the consistent amino acid substitution observed here has not been identified in the HIV-1 strains resistant to other RT inhibitors, PFA in combination with other RT inhibitors is considered to be a feasible candidate for a convergent combined chemotherapy against HIV-1 in the treatment of patients with AIDS and related conditions.
Monoclonal antibodies against spore antigens ofBacillus anthracis (1988)

A murine monoclonal antibody produced against heat inactivated spores of Bacillus anthracis Ames, reacted with live or inactivated spores of several anthrax strains in indirect immunofluorescence (IF) tests. The reactive anthrax strain gave only a moderate degree of reaction. No staining of anthrax vegetative cells was observed. The monoclonal did not react with spores of non-anthrax Bacillus strains that gave cross reactions with mouse hyperimmune antiserum raised against Ames spores. The staining of individual spores in B. anthracis preparations was more heterogeneous with the monoclonal antibody than with the hyperimmune serum. Evidence is produced that the epitope for this monoclonal is not stable during long-term storage of inactivated spore preparations, and is not fully available for reaction with antibody until late in spore maturation. The monoclonal did not react by immunoblotting (Western blotting) of spore extracts. A monoclonal antibody produced against Ames spore extracts reacted with about 1% of Ames spores in IF tests, but not reproducible reactions with other anthrax strains were recorded. This monoclonal interacted with three bands in Western blots of anthrax spore extracts.
Latent herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression in ganglia innervating the human gastrointestinal tract (1997)

Using in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that latent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene expression is prevalent in human adult nodose ganglia. This suggests that infection of gastrointestinal sensory nerves, probably through swallowed virus-laden oral secretions, occurs commonly and that HSV-1 reactivating from this site may play a role in recurrent gastrointestinal disorders.
Performance of checksums and CRCs over real data (1995)

Checksum and CRC algorithms have historically been studied under the assumption that the data fed to the algorithms was entirely random. This paper examines the behavior of checksums and CRCs over real data from various UNIX&reg; file systems. We show that, when given real data in small to modest pieces (e.g., 48 bytes), all the checksum algorithms have skewed distributions. In one dramatic case, 0.01% of the check values appeared nearly 19% of the time. These results have implications for CRCs and checksums when applied to real data. They also cause a spectacular failure rate for the both TCP and Fletcher's checksums when trying to detect certain types of packet splices.
Complete deconvolution of cellular mixtures based on linearity of transcriptional signatures (2019)

Changes in bulk transcriptional profiles of heterogeneous samples often reflect changes in proportions of individual cell types. Several robust techniques have been developed to dissect the composition of such mixed samples given transcriptional signatures of the pure components or their proportions. These approaches are insufficient, however, in situations when no information about individual mixture components is available. This problem is known as the complete deconvolution problem, where the composition is revealed without any a priori knowledge about cell types and their proportions. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized property of tissue-specific genes - their mutual linearity - and use it to reveal the structure of the topological space of mixed transcriptional profiles and provide a noise-robust approach to the complete deconvolution problem. Furthermore, our analysis reveals systematic bias of all deconvolution techniques due to differences in cell size or RNA-content, and we demonstrate how to address this bias at the experimental design level.
NGSCheckMate: software for validating sample identity in next-generation sequencing studies within and across data types (2017)

https://github.com/parklab/NGSCheckMate.
Die Reaktion von Phthalaldehyden mit 3‐Nitropropionsäureestern. Ein einfacher Zugang zu 3‐Nitro‐2‐naphthoesäuren (1980)

The Reaction of Phthalaldehydes with 3‐Nitropropionates. A Simple Route to 3‐Nitro‐2‐naphthoic Acids 3‐Nitro‐propionates condense with phthalaldehydes and related compounds in the presence of a base to give 3‐nitro‐2‐naphthoic acids.
On-line signature verification by dynamic time-warping (1996)

In this paper, we discuss an on-line signature verification system based on dynamic time-warping (DTW). The DTW-algorithm originates from the field of speech recognition, and has been applied successfully in the signature verification area more than once. However, until now, few adaptations have been made in order to take the specific characteristics of signature verification into account. According to us, one of the most important differences is the availability of a rather large number of reference patterns, making it possible to determine which parts of a reference signature are important and which are not. By disconnecting the DTW-stage and the feature extraction process we are able to deal efficiently with this extra amount of information. We demonstrate the benefits of our approach by building and evaluating a complete system.
Botulinum neurotoxin formulations: overcoming the confusion (2018)

Botulinum toxin A is produced by anaerobic spore-forming bacteria and is used for various therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Botulinum toxin A injections are the most popular nonsurgical procedure worldwide. Despite an increased demand for botulinum toxin A injections, the clinical pharmacology and differences in formulation of commonly available products are poorly understood. The various products available in the market are unique and vary in terms of units, chemical properties, biological activities, and weight, and are therefore not interchangeable. For safe clinical practice and to achieve optimal results, the practitioners need to understand the clinical issues of potency, conversion ratio, and safety issues (toxin spread and immunogenicity). In this paper, the basic clinical pharmacology of botulinum toxin A and differences between onabotulinum toxin A, abobotulinum toxin A, and incobotulinum toxin A are discussed.
Design of pH Testing System Based on ARM (2011)

The pH measuring instrument is mainly applied to measure the pH value of the solution, widely used in industry, agriculture, scientific research and environmental protection. The paper proposes a pH measuring system based on ARM.The measuring dataes of the pH composite coloured glaze electrode and the temperature sensor are put into ARM ADC channels , displaying the results of the pH and the temperature after analysing. Touch screen can operate corresponding actions,such as beginning,selecting,confirming. This instrument uses safely,can monitor real-time and fixedly , higher precision,which can be used in agricultural.
Immunohistological staining of reactive mesothelium, mesothelioma, and lung carcinoma with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. (1987)

A panel of seven monoclonal antiepithelial antibodies of different specificities, including anticytokeratin, human milk fat globule membrane, C, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were used with the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) immunostaining technique to determine their value in the differentiation between benign and malignant mesothelial cells and lung carcinoma in histological preparations. The anticytokeratin antibody reacted strongly with all cases of reactive mesothelium, mesothelioma, and lung carcinoma. Antibodies to human milk fat globule membrane and the Ca antigen stained mesothelioma and carcinoma and 43% of cases of reactive mesothelium. Staining for carcinoembryonic antigen was not detected in reactive mesothelium or mesothelioma, but was present in most of the lung carcinomas. CEA seemed to be the single most useful marker in distinguishing carcinoma from mesothelioma in that a positive reaction for CEA would indicate carcinoma rather than mesothelioma.
Molecular Basis of Ethnic Differences in Drug Disposition and Response (2001)

Ethnicity is an important demographic variable contributing to interindividual variability in drug metabolism and response. In this rapidly expanding research area many genetic factors that account for the effects of ethnicity on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug safety have been identified. This review focuses on recent developments that have improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for such interethnic differences. Genetic variations that may provide a molecular basis for ethnic differences in drug metabolizing enzymes (CYP 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4), drug transporter (P-glycoprotein), drug receptors (adrenoceptors), and other functionally important proteins (eNOS and G proteins) are discussed. A better understanding of the molecular basis underlying ethnic differences in drug metabolism, transport, and response will contribute to improved individualization of drug therapy.
Investigating Mitochondrial Redox Potential with Redox-sensitive Green Fluorescent Protein Indicators (2004)

Current methods for determining ambient redox potential in cells are labor-intensive and generally require destruction of tissue. This precludes single cell or real time studies of changes in redox poise that result from metabolic processes or environmental influences. By substitution of surface-exposed residues on the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) with cysteines in appropriate positions to form disulfide bonds, reduction-oxidation-sensitive GFPs (roGFPs) have been created. roGFPs have two fluorescence excitation maxima at about 400 and 490 nm and display rapid and reversible ratiometric changes in fluorescence in response to changes in ambient redox potential in vitro and in vivo. Crystal structure analyses of reduced and oxidized crystals of roGFP2 at 2.0- and 1.9-A resolution, respectively, reveal in the oxidized state a highly strained disulfide and localized main chain structural changes that presumably account for the state-dependent spectral changes. roGFP1 has been targeted to the mitochondria in HeLa cells. Fluorometric measurements on these cells using a fluorescence microscope or in cell suspension using a fluorometer reveal that the roGFP1 probe is in dynamic equilibrium with the mitochondrial redox status and responds to membrane-permeable reductants and oxidants. The roGFP1 probe reports that the matrix space in HeLa cell mitochondria is highly reducing, with a midpoint potential near -360 mV (assuming mitochondrial pH approximately 8.0 at 37 degrees C). In other work (C. T. Dooley, T. M. Dore, G. Hanson, W. C. Jackson, S. J. Remington, and R. Y. Tsien, submitted for publication), it is shown that the cytosol of HeLa cells is also unusually reducing but somewhat less so than the mitochondrial matrix.
Arthroscopic treatment of anterior glenohumeral instability: indications and techniques. (2004)

The arthroscopic treatment of anterior glenohumeral instability is becoming increasingly accepted as a viable treatment option because reported success rates parallel those of open stabilization techniques. This improved success rate is largely the result of advances in surgical techniques and technology. An improved understanding of the pathoanatomy associated with shoulder instability and continuing education initiatives have also been instrumental in expanding the indications for arthroscopic stabilization of the unstable shoulder. Important considerations during arthroscopy include identifying all pathology, mobilizing soft tissue, enhancing the local biology to promote soft-tissue healing to bone or to itself, securing anatomic fixation, and respecting the healing period during postoperative rehabilitation efforts. Principal contraindications include significant bone deficits and the inability to repair capsular avulsions or rupture. Adherence to these basic principles should lead to excellent results with arthroscopic stabilization of the unstable shoulder.
A synthesis of .alpha.-substituted amines (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA synthesis of .alpha.-substituted aminesYuying C. Hwang, Min Chu, and Frank W. FowlerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 20, 3885–3890Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00220a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views966Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (826 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Glucocorticoids modulate the in vitro development of the embryonic rat pancreas. (1977)

The effect of the glucocorticoid analogue, dexamethasone, on the development of the embryonic pancreas was studied in tissue culture. It specifically enhances the accumulation of exocrine enzymes without altering the level of general cell proteins. The enhancement, however, is not symmetrical: the cellular levels of the two major exocrine products, amylase and chymotrypsinogen, are increased about 10- and 2-fold, respectively. Two other zymogens that are present in minor quantities, procarboxypeptidases A and B, are also increased, whereas no effect is seen on lipase A. Coordinate with these effects on synthesis, there is a dramatic change in the morphology of dexamethasone-stimulated acinar cells. Their number of zymogen granules is higher and crystalline arrays are found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Dexamethasone also inhibits cell replication, perhaps by selectively inhibiting the last cell divisions of the culture period. At the same time, there is a disproportionate reduction in the insulin content of cultured rudiments. We find that pancreatic development is normal in the absence of dexamethasone and that this glucocorticoid does not precociously induce the appearance of the specific secretory products, but rather enhances by a constant degree their synthesis and accumulation. Therefore, we conclude that glucocorticoids may play a modulatory but not an inductive role in pancreatic development.
Effect of PGG-glucan on the Rate of Serious Postoperative Infection or Death Observed After High-Risk Gastrointestinal Operations (1999)

Perioperative administration of PGG-glucan reduced serious postoperative infections or death by 39% after high-risk noncolorectal operations.
Total synthesis of halichondrin B and norhalichondrin B (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of halichondrin B and norhalichondrin BThomas D. Aicher, Keith R. Buszek, Francis G. Fang, Craig J. Forsyth, Sun Ho Jung, Yoshito Kishi, Michael C. Matelich, Paul M. Scola, Denice M. Spero, and Suk Kyoon YoonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 8, 3162–3164Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00034a086https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00034a086research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7708Altmetric-Citations330LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Patient assessment for day surgery. (1995)

Following medical selection of a patient for day surgery in either a hospital out-patient clinic or general practitioner surgery, the patient requires assessment. This is usually achieved in one of two ways. The patient may be sent a postal questionnaire which is followed up on the telephone if a query occurs or he or she attends an assessment interview in the day surgery unit (D.S.U.) with a member of the nursing staff. From personal experience as a nurse teacher, patient assessment for day surgery is the one area of concern for theatre nurses if they are asked to work in the day surgery unit. This article is a brief overview of this area. Initially, assessment will be defined. Following this, patient assessment in the theatre setting will be compared with assessment of a patient about to undergo day surgery. To conclude, a summary of selected nursing competencies will be listed for successful day surgery patient assessment.
Improved low-density parity-check codes using irregular graphs and belief propagation (2002)

We construct new families of low-density parity-check codes, which we call irregular codes. When decoded using belief propagation, our codes can correct more errors than previously known low-density codes. Our improved performance comes from using codes based on irregular random bipartite graphs, based on the work of Luby et al. (1997). Previously studied low-density codes have been derived from regular bipartite graphs. Initial experimental results for our irregular codes suggest that, with improvements, irregular codes may be able to match turbo code performance.
Erratum: Cycling-Driven Structural Changes in a Thin-Film Lithium Battery on Flexible Substrate [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 12, A159 (2009)] (2009)

Erratum: Cycling-Driven Structural Changes in a Thin-Film Lithium Battery on Flexible Substrate [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 12, A159 (2009)] Seung-Wan Song, Sung-Jin Hong, Ho Young Park, Young Chang Lim, and Ki Chang Lee Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea Nuricell Incorporated, Microcell Center, Seoul 134-848, South Korea