gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a cDNA for a human high-molecular-weight B-cell growth factor. (1993)

Proliferation is necessary for many of the phenotypic changes that occur during B-cell maturation. Further differentiation of mature B cells into plasma cells or memory B cells requires additional rounds of proliferation. In this manuscript, we describe a cDNA for a human B-cell growth factor we call high-molecular-weight B-cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF). Purified HMW-BCGF has been shown to induce B-cell proliferation, inhibit immunoglobulin secretion, and selectively expand certain B-cell subpopulations. Studies using antibodies to HMW-BCGF and its receptor have suggested that HMW-BCGF, while produced by T cells and some malignant B cells, acts predominantly on normal and malignant B cells. The HMW-BCGF cDNA was identified by expression cloning using a monoclonal antibody and polyclonal antisera to HMW-BCGF. Protein produced from the cDNA induced B-cell proliferation, inhibited immunoglobulin secretion, and was recognized in immunoblots by anti-HMW-BCGF antibodies. The amino acid sequence of HMW-BCGF deduced from the cDNA predicts a secreted protein of 53 kDa with three potential N-linked glycosylation sites. The identification of this cDNA will allow further studies examining physiologic roles of this cytokine. We propose to call it interleukin 14.
Information technology implications of case management. (1995)

Information technology is a critical component to implementing a comprehensive and effective case management process. The vendor marketplace is aggressively working to address gaps in function and integration. In the meantime, organizations must begin now to plan their case management processes. This is no small task. Most organizations are struggling to develop the necessary manual systems through consensus building on a multidisciplinary basis. Success in developing and implementing a good manual system, although cumbersome, is an essential prerequisite to automation. Major organizational growth and restructuring is already under way in most settings to respond to the pressures of health care reform. Availability of a tight case management process with appropriate information technology support is the key to success.
Vectors carrying two separate T‐DNAs for co‐transformation of higher plants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and segregation of transformants free from selection markers (1996)

Novel 'super-binary' vectors that carried two separate T-DNAs were constructed. One T-DNA contained a drug-resistance, selection-marker gene and the other contained a gene for beta-glucuronidase (GUS). A large number of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) transformants were produced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 that carried the vectors. Frequency of co-transformation with the two T-DNAs was greater than 47% GUS-positive, drug-sensitive progeny were obtained from more than half of the co-transformants. Molecular analyses by Southern hybridization and polymerase chain reactions confirmed integration and segregation of the T-DNAs. Thus, the non-selectable T-DNA that was genetically separable from the selection marker was integrated into more than a quarter of the initial, drug-resistant transformants. Since various DNA fragments may be inserted into the non-selectable T-DNA by a simple procedure, these vectors will likely be very useful for the production of marker-free transformants of diverse plant species. Delivery of two T-DNAs to plants from mixtures of A. tumefaciens was also tested, but frequency of co-transformation was relatively low.
Safety and activity of IPI-504 (retaspimycin hydrochloride) and docetaxel in pretreated patients (pts) with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (2011)

7516 Background: IPI-504, a water-soluble analog of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), is an intravenously (IV) administered heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor that causes degradation of a variety of mutated or amplified oncoproteins. The combination of IPI-504 with taxanes has demonstrated additive activity in murine xenograft tumor models. Methods: An expansion of a Phase Ib trial was undertaken to evaluate IPI-504 in combination with docetaxel in pts with NSCLC and Karnofsky performance status of ≥70. Pts had pathologically confirmed metastatic NSCLC; all had received 1 to 2 prior chemotherapy regimens without prior docetaxel. Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 IV was given once every three weeks (wks), while IPI-504 300 mg/m² IV was administered once per wk. All pts were evaluated for safety, pharmacokinetics and tumor response (RECIST). Archival tissue samples were required for KRAS genotyping. Results: The 23 pts included in this analysis received an average of 4 cycles (range 1-13) on study. Median age was 61 years, 13 (57%) were female, and 18 (78%) were current or former smokers, with a median tobacco exposure of 30 pack-years. The majority of adverse events were Grade 1 or 2, and the most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (57% total, 4% ≥Grade 3), diarrhea (35%, 9%), nausea (30%, 13%), vomiting (30%, 13%), neutropenia (30%, 30%), and anemia (26%, 4%). Docetaxel pharmacokinetics were unaltered by IPI-504 co-administration. 6 of the 23 pts (26%) had a partial response (PR), including 3 of 7 pts with squamous cell carcinoma. Efficacy analysis in overall population and exploratory subgroups is below (Table). Conclusions: IPI-504 in combination with docetaxel was well tolerated and resulted in clinical activity in pts with pretreated, metastatic NSCLC. A randomized trial is ongoing to evaluate this combination compared to docetaxel plus placebo in this pt population. Clinical activity. Patients n ORR n, (%) Previously treated NSCLC 23 6 (26) Current or former smokers 18 6 (33) Squamous cell carcinoma 7 3 (43) KRAS wild type 13 4 (31) Abbreviation: ORR, overall response rate (all PRs).
Electrical Compensation of OLED Luminance Degradation (2007)

This letter presents a stable compensation scheme for active-matrix organic light-emitting-diode (AMOLED) displays based on the observed strong interdependence between the luminance degradation of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and its current drop under bias stress. This feedback-based compensation provides 30% improvement in luminance stability under 1600 h of accelerative stress. To employ this scheme in AMOLED displays, a new pixel circuit is presented that provides on-pixel electrical access to the OLED current without compromising the aperture ratio.
An Iterative Ensemble Kalman Filter for Data Assimilation (2007)

Abstract The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a subject of intensive investigation for use as a reservoir management tool. For strongly nonlinear problems, however, EnKF can fail to achieve an acceptable data match at certain times in the assimilation process. Here, we provide iterative EnKF procedures to remedy this deficiency and explore the validity of these iterative methods compared to standard EnKF by considering two examples, one of which is pertains to a simple problem where the posterior probability density function has two modes. In both examples, we are able to obtain better data matches using iterative methods than with standard EnKF. In Appendix A, we enumerate the assumptions that must hold in order to show that EnKF provides a correct sampling of the probability distribution for the random variables. This derivation calls into question the common derivation in which one adds the data to the original combined state vector of model parameters and dynamical variables. In fact, it appears that there is no assurance that this trick for turning a nonlinear problem into a linear problem results in a correct sampling of the pdf one wishes to sample. However, we show that augmenting the state vector with the data results in a correct procedure for sampling the pdf if at every data assimilation step, the predicted data vector is a linear function of the combined (unaugmented) state vector and the average predicted data vector is equal to the predicted data evaluated at the average of the predicted combined state vector. Without these assumptions, we know of no way to show EnKF samples correctly. For completeness, in Appendix C, we show that each ensemble member of model parameters obtained at each step of EnKF is a linear combination of the initial ensemble, which emphasizes the importance of obtaining a sufficiently large initial ensemble.
Towards Elastic Stream Processing: Patterns and Infrastructure. (2013)

Distributed, highly-parallel processing frameworks as Hadoop are deemed to be state-of-the-art for handling big data today. But they burden application developers with the task to manually implement program logic using lowlevel batch processing APIs. Thus, a movement can be observed that high-level languages are developed which allow to declaratively model dataflows that are automatically optimized and mapped to the batch-processing backends. However, most of these systems are based on programming models as MapReduce that provide elasticity and fault-tolerance in a natural manner since intermediate results are materialized and, therefore, processes can simply be restarted and scaled with partitioning input datasets. For continuous query processing on data streams, these concepts cannot be applied directly since it must be guaranteed that no data is lost when nodes fail. Usually, these long running queries contain operators that maintain state information which depends on the data that has already been processed and hence they cannot be restarted without information loss. This also is an issue when streaming tasks should be scaled. Therefore, integrating elasticity and fault-tolerance in this context is a challenging task which is subject of this paper. We show how common patterns from parallel and distributed algorithms can be applied to tackle these problems and how they are mapped to the Mesos cluster management system. 1.
Sp1‐like transcription factors are regulators of embryonic development in vertebrates (2005)

Sp1-like family is an expanding transcription factor family. Members of this family bind to the GC-box or GT-box elements in the promoter/enhancers and regulate the expression of the target genes. Currently, this family consists of at least nine members, which may act as a transactivator or a repressor on target promoters. Sp1-like transcription factors are expressed during development of vertebrate embryos in ubiquitous or tissue-specific manners and play various roles in embryonic development. This review mainly summarises their expression patterns and functions during vertebrate embryogenesis.
DISCUSSION PAPER: PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY IN LEUKEMIC MICE TREATED WITH SPECIFIC “IMMUNOGENIC’ RNA (1976)

Mice were actively immunized against Friend leukemia virus tumorigenesis by vaccination with cell-free homogenates derived from infected splenocytes emulsified in Freund's adjuvant. Adoptive immunity was also achieved by transferring splenocytes from actively immunized donor animals intravenously into syngeneic recipient animals challenged with the virus. Furthermore, RNA-rich extracts derived from spleens of actively immunized donor animals were capable of transferring immunity to FLV leukemia when injected into recipient animals challenged with the virus. The "immune RNA," when incubated with normal splenocytes in vitro, followed by washing, resulted in a cell population that also induced adoptive immunity after transfer to normal animals challenged with virus either before, simultaneously with, or after injection of the treated splenocytes. RNase, but not DNase or other enzymes, inactivated the biologie activity of the protective RNA from immune donors. In addition, isogeneic mouse serum that contained neutralizing antibody to FLV also inhibited the protective effect of the specific RNA; sera from control mice immunized with unrelated antigens failed to neutralize the specific RNA. These results indicate that an RNA extract that contains a virus-associated or -induced antigen is formed in the spleens of actively immunized animals and possesses the ability to either directly induce protective immunity in recipient animals challenged with virus or, indirectly, to convert normal splenocytes in vitro to adoptively confer immunity to similar recipients. Further investigations concerning the mechanism by which such immunogenic RNA functions in vivo and in vitro, as well as the physicochemical nature of the RNA complex, especially that portion associated with the tumor virus-associated antigen, are needed.
Steady‐state pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of perhexiline in CYP2D6 poor and extensive metabolizers administered Rac‐perhexiline (2007)

The enantioselective pharmacokinetics of PHX are primarily due to metabolism by CYP2D6 in EM patients. The mechanism responsible for the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of PHX in PM patients is unknown, but may be due to enantioselective biliary or intestinal excretion.
Rapid on‐membrane proteolytic cleavage for Edman sequencing and mass spectrometric identification of proteins (2005)

A method for the rapid limited enzymatic cleavage of PVDF membrane-immobilized proteins is described. This method allows the fast characterization of PVDF blotted proteins by peptide mass fingerprinting (Henzel, W. J., Billeci, T. M., Stults, J. T., Wong, S. C., Grimley, C., Wantanabe, C., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1993, 90, 5011-5015), LC-MS/MS, or N-terminal sequencing and has been demonstrated on a range of proteins using a full complement of proteolytic enzymes. This technique allows the generation of proteolytic fragments between 5 and 60 min (depending on the enzyme employed), which is significantly faster than previously reported on-membrane digestion methods. To date, this on-membrane rapid digestion protocol has aided in the identification and confirmation of mutation sites in over 200 recombinant proteins.
Knock-in/Knock-out (KIKO) vectors for rapid integration of large DNA sequences, including whole metabolic pathways, onto the Escherichia coli chromosome at well-characterised loci (2013)

The KIKO plasmids are a useful tool for efficient integration of large DNA fragments (including multiple genes and pathways) into E. coli. Chromosomal insertion provides stable expression without the need for continuous antibiotic selection. Three non-essential loci have been characterised as insertion loci; combinatorial insertion at all three loci can be performed in one strain. The largest insertion at a single site described here was 5.4 kb; we have used this method in other studies to insert a total of 7.3 kb at one locus and 11.3 kb across two loci. These vectors are particularly useful for integration of multigene cassettes for metabolic engineering applications.
Management of upper airway obstruction in Pierre Robin sequence (1997)

Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) presents in the neonatal period with upper airway obstruction and feeding difficulties. Infants with pronounced micrognathia may fail to thrive because of chronic airway obstruction, or experience severe respiratory distress. This is potentially fatal and surgical intervention in these cases is necessary. We present our series of cases with severe PRS requiring surgical relief of their airway obstruction, and the reasons for preferring tracheostomy over glossopexy.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PHOTOFRIN II IN ACIWATION OF MACROPHAGES AND in vitro KILLING OF RETINOBLASTOMA CELLS (1994)

Administration of a small dose (300 ng/mouse) of photofrin II (PII) to mice, followed by 4 days of exposure to only ambient fluorescent light in animal quarters, induced Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytic and superoxide-generating capacities of peritoneal macrophages by five- and seven-fold, respectively. When these mice were kept in the dark for 4 days, no activation of macrophages was observed. These results suggest that macrophage activation is a consequence of photodynamic activation. Much higher doses (> 3000 ng/mouse) suppressed macrophage activity. However, 2 months after administration of 3000 ng PII/mouse, greatly enhanced phagocytic and superoxide-generating capacities of peritoneal macrophages were observed. In vitro photodynamic activation of macrophages was analyzed after white or red fluorescent light exposure of mouse peritoneal cells (mixture of macrophages and B and T lymphocytes) in media containing PII. A short (10 s) white fluorescent light treatment of peritoneal cells in a medium containing 0.03 ng PII/mL produced the maximal level of phagocytic activity of macrophages. Illumination with the same total fluence of red fluorescent light requires a three-fold higher concentration of PII to achieve the same extent of enhanced phagocytic activity of macrophages. Thus, photodynamic activation of macrophages with PII by white fluorescent light was more efficient than by red fluorescent light. Similarly, photodynamic killing of retinoblastoma cells was more efficient with white than red fluorescent light. The concentration of hematoporphyrin (HP) or PII required for direct photodynamic killing of retinoblastoma cells was roughly four orders of magnitude greater than that required for activation of macrophages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanism of respiratory arrest in an animal model of acute fatal bronchoconstriction (1994)

The cause of respiratory arrest in acute asthma is not known. By its nature, respiratory arrest is difficult to study clinically. The possible causes of respiratory arrest include cardiovascular dysfunction, respiratory muscle fatigue, and central respiratory failure. We used a dog model of respiratory arrest in acute bronchoconstriction that examined the effects of hypoxemia and intrinsic loading in an attempt to establish the mechanism. Our hypothesis was that, in a setting of hypoxemia and intrinsic loading similar to human fatal asthma, respiratory arrest is caused by a central respiratory failure, more specifically, failure of the central rhythm generator. We studied 18 dogs divided into 1) an intrinsically loaded group, 2) a hypoxemic group, and 3) both a loaded and a hypoxemic group. Intrinsic loading was induced with methacholine combined with selective beta 2-blockade, and the hypoxemia was controlled by varying inspired O2 fraction. Respiratory arrest occurred only in animals with both hypoxemia and intrinsic loading. We found no evidence of hemodynamic instability or respiratory muscle fatigue. Instead, there was an abrupt cessation of ventilation while the intensity of the central neural output was maintained. Our results are consistent with a failure of the central rhythm generator as the causal agent in respiratory arrest.
Tunable x-ray laser (1994)

The possibility of constructing tunable x-ray lasers of photon energy in the kilo-electron-volt range is discussed. It is shown on the basis of channeling observations that an \ensuremath{\sim}3.3% change of the photon energy of an x-ray-laser scheme proposed recently can be obtained with a 100-K change of the temperature.
Detection of Type 2–Like T–Helper Cells in Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Implications for Hepatitis C Virus Chronicity (1997)

One striking clinical feature of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is that more than 50% of patients with acute hepatitis C will develop chronic infection. To investigate its possible mechanisms, we examined the activation of type 2-like T-helper (Th2-like) cells relating to the development of chronicity. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in response to a panel of recombinant HCV antigens including core (C22), envelope 1 (E1), E2, nonstructural (NS) protein 4 (C100), fusion protein of NS3 and NS4 (C200), and NS5 were assayed in 17 patients with acute hepatitis C. All six patients with self-limited disease had a significant CD4+ T-cell proliferation to C22, E1, C100, C200, and NS5, running parallel with the antigen-stimulated secretion of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), but not with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, indicating predominant Th1 responses. Among the remaining 11 patients who developed chronicity, 6, 2, and 9 cases showed a specific CD4+ T-cell response to C22, C100, and C200, respectively, and the responses were significantly lower than those of cases with recovery in terms of stimulation index (SI) (P < .05) and of antigen-stimulated IL-2 and IFN-gamma production. Importantly, IL-4 and IL-10 (Th2 responses) were detectable, and C22-specific Th2-like T-cell clones could be generated from patients with chronicity. The data suggested that activation of Th2 responses in acute hepatitis C patients may play a role in the development of chronicity.
Clinical utility of antinuclear antibody tests in children (2004)

Age and ANA titer assist in discriminating children with SLE from children with other conditions. ANA tests are of no diagnostic utility in either making or excluding the diagnosis of JRA.
Progression after chronic manganese exposure (1993)

We report a longitudinal follow-up study on six patients with chronic manganese-induced parkinsonism following cessation of manganese exposure. Compared with the 1987 study, their parkinsonian symptoms showed a slow progression, particularly in gait disturbances such as freezing during turning and walking backward with retropulsion. The mean disability scores on the King's College Hospital Rating Scale were 15.0 +/- 4.2 in 1987 and 28.3 +/- 6.7 in 1991 (p = 0.003, paired t test). Review of the video records also confirmed a worsening of parkinsonism, especially in difficulty turning. Three of six patients receiving levodopa treatment had an initial improvement. The response decreased after 2 to 3 years. During the therapy, they did not develop on-off fluctuation or dyskinesia. We conclude that patients with manganese-induced parkinsonism may develop increasing neurologic dysfunction long after cessation of exposure and that their responses to levodopa are different from those of patients with Parkinson's disease.
TERRAMYCIN. XI. TETRACYCLINE (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTERRAMYCIN. XI. TETRACYCLINEL. H. Conover, W. T. Moreland, A. R. English, C. R. Stephens, and F. J. PilgrimCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 18, 4622–4623Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01114a537https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01114a537research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Traumatic brain injury in Greece: Report of a countrywide registry (2010)

TBI is a major element of trauma. Knowledge of the epidemiologic characteristics of the disease is imperative for adequate planning and future quality assessment.