gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel vascular targets in lung cancer (2014)

The identification of cell-surface tumour endothelial markers in lung is of interest in therapeutic antibody and vaccine development.
Mobility in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes at Finite Carrier Density (2006)

Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors operate over a wide range of electron or hole density, controlled by the gate voltage. Here we calculate the mobility in semiconducting nanotubes as a function of carrier density and electric field, for different tube diameters and temperatures. The low-field mobility is a nonmonotonic function of carrier density and varies by as much as a factor of 4 at room temperature. At low density, with increasing field the drift velocity reaches a maximum and then exhibits negative differential mobility, due to the non-parabolicity of the band structure. At a critical density, rho(c) approximately 0.35-0.5 electrons/nm, the drift velocity saturates at around one-third of the Fermi velocity. Above rho(c), the velocity increases with field strength with no apparent saturation.
Cryptosporidiosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2007)

Parasitological examination of feces was carried out for 55 patients with diagnosed colorectal cancer before chemotherapy. Except for Cryptosporidium sp., no other intestinal parasites were found in the specimens; moreover, only the patients with watery diarrhea were Cryptosporidium sp.-positive by enzyme immunoassay. Prevalence of infection in the group of patients with diarrhea (23 persons) was 43.5%, whereas it was 18% for the entire group of patients under study. Coproantigens of this parasite were detected primarily in the patients with tumors located on the left side (in the sigmoid and descending colon).
Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion proteins are potent immunogens for raising antibodies against P-glycoprotein. (1991)

Antibodies to specific regions of human P-glycoprotein have been difficult to obtain. We developed a method to express in E. coli fusions between Pseudomonas exotoxin and specific regions of human P-glycoprotein. We used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify the desired regions of MDR1 cDNA and to introduce appropriate restriction sites. These fragments were cloned into the 3' end of the Pseudomonas exotoxin gene. With this system we produced large amounts of fusion proteins for immunizations, and we obtained positive rabbit antiserum against P-glycoprotein with most of these antigens. We now have a comprehensive panel of polyclonal antibodies against P-glycoprotein. This system should be generally useful to raise antibodies against other eukaryotic proteins that are difficult to prepare in large quantities.
Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Parkinson's Disease (2011)

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is highly prevalent in PD. Gastrointestinal motility abnormalities might explain this association.
Universal Use of Face Masks and Related Challenges During COVID-19 in Developing Countries (2021)

Universal use of face masks can contribute to the containment of the virus in the community if adequately available and properly used and managed after use. Encouraging local production with clear guidance, demonstration, and awareness creation helps to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of face masks particularly among the vulnerable population.
Oligonucleotide-Polyamide Hybrid Molecules Containing Multiple Pyrene Residues Exhibit Significant Excimer Fluorescence (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligonucleotide-Polyamide Hybrid Molecules Containing Multiple Pyrene Residues Exhibit Significant Excimer FluorescenceGlenn Tong, John M. Lawlor, Geoffrey W. Tregear, and Jim HaralambidisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 49, 12151–12158Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00154a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00154a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure‐activity relationship of macrocyclic and linear gadolinium chelates: Investigation of transmetallation effect on the zinc‐dependent metallopeptidase angiotensin‐converting enzyme (1998)

Transmetallation between commercially available solutions of gadolinium (Gd) chelates and the zinc (Zn)-dependent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was investigated. In vitro, the strongest inhibitions were observed for the linear Gd complexes, Gd diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) bis-methylamide (BMA) (IC50 = .016 +/- .006 mmol/l) and Gd-DTPA (IC50 = .350 +/- .034 mmol/l). The two macrocycles Gd tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and Gd-HP-DO3A were similar and 400 times less active than Gd-DTPA-BMA. These effects were mainly due to the presence of free ligand for DTPA and calcium (Ca) chelate in the case of DTPA-BMA because the addition of Zn2+ in the same quantities suppresses their inhibitory effects. In vivo, these two solutions of linear Gd chelates significantly inhibited ACE activity (Gd-DTPA: (67 +/- 9% versus baseline; and Gd-DTPA-BMA: 73 +/- 2% versus baseline at the clinical dose of .1 mmol/kg), whereas no significant effect was observed for the two macrocyclic chelates Gd-DOTA and Gd-HP-DO3A. Formulating the Gd chelate solution with either an excess of free ligand or Ca chelate (to decrease Gd3+ release) in the case of linear Gd chelate may have deleterious biologic consequences.
PrimerHunter: a primer design tool for PCR-based virus subtype identification (2009)

Rapid and reliable virus subtype identification is critical for accurate diagnosis of human infections, effective response to epidemic outbreaks and global-scale surveillance of highly pathogenic viral subtypes such as avian influenza H5N1. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the method of choice for virus subtype identification. However, designing subtype-specific PCR primer pairs is a very challenging task: on one hand, selected primer pairs must result in robust amplification in the presence of a significant degree of sequence heterogeneity within subtypes, on the other, they must discriminate between the subtype of interest and closely related subtypes. In this article, we present a new tool, called PrimerHunter, that can be used to select highly sensitive and specific primers for virus subtyping. Our tool takes as input sets of both target and nontarget sequences. Primers are selected such that they efficiently amplify any one of the target sequences, and none of the nontarget sequences. PrimerHunter ensures the desired amplification properties by using accurate estimates of melting temperature with mismatches, computed based on the nearest neighbor model via an efficient fractional programming algorithm. Validation experiments with three avian influenza HA subtypes confirm that primers selected by PrimerHunter have high sensitivity and specificity for target sequences.
Using high speed networks to enable distributed parallel image server systems (1994)

We describe the design and implementation of a distributed parallel storage system that uses high-speed ATM networks as a key element of the architecture. Other elements include a collection of network-based disk block servers, and an associated name server that provides some file system functionality. The implementation is based on user level software that runs on UNIX workstations. Both the architecture and the implementation are intended to provide for easy and economical scalability. This approach has yielded a data source that scales economically to very high speed. Target applications include online storage for both very large images and video sequences. This paper describes the architecture, and explores the performance issues of the current implementation. >
C-reactive protein in the Serial Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1984)

C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in 105 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during treatment with slow-acting anti-rheumatoid drugs D-penicillamine, alclofenac, hydroxychloroquine, gold, sulphasalazine and azathioprine. A control group treated with aspirin alone was also included. Patients were assessed clinically (pain score, articular index and summated change score) and in terms of acute-phase reactants (CRP, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, ESR and plasma viscosity) at eight separate clinic visits during the 6-month treatment period. The estimation of CRP was found to be more useful than haptoglobin, fibrinogen or ESR as an index of disease activity.
Technology of removal of unwanted components of dry beans, (1984)

Dry beans are one of the inexpensive sources of reasonable quality proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Their underutilization has been attributed to the presence of several factors, such as proteinase inhibitors, flatus factors, tannins, phytates, phytohemagglutinins, and the beany flavor. Removal of these unwanted components promises improved utilization of dry beans for human food purposes. The current methodology of removing these factors includes several food processing techniques such as soaking, dry and moist heat treatment, filtration, germination, and fermentation. The commercial feasibility of these processes will be discussed. The current lack of knowledge about deleterious effects of the residual components (remaining after processing) will be addressed and the needs for the future will be discussed.
Design of Orally Active Dual Inhibitors of Neutral Endopeptidase and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme with Long Duration of Action (1996)

Mercaptoacyl dipeptides, containing a glycine linked to a C-terminal 5-phenylproline, have been synthesized in order to obtain new highly efficient dual inhibitors of the two zinc metallopeptidases, neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which are involved in the control of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. These compounds have been designed (i) to fit optimally the ACE pharmacophore previously described (Fournié-Zaluski, M. C.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1070-1083), through interaction with the S1, S1', and S2' subsites of this enzyme, (ii) and to interact with the S1' and S2' subsites of NEP with the 5-phenylproline moiety outside the catalytic domain (Coric, P.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 1210-1219). Replacement of Gly by Ala in these mercaptoacyl dipeptides induced an about 100-fold decrease in ACE inhibition. This shows that, in agreement with molecular modeling studies, a steric constraint as weak as a methyl group hinders optimal ACE active site recognition. Among these compounds, the dual inhibitor 26 (RB 106) (Ki, ACE = 0.35 nM; NEP = 1.6 nM) showed excellent pharmacokinetic properties with an almost complete in vivo inhibition of NEP and ACE for more than 4 h after oral administration in mice of a low dose (2.6 x 10(-5) mol/kg) of the inhibitor. Moreover, RB 106 remained active 12 h after oral administration. In spontaneous hypertensive rats, a chronic treatment of orally administered RB 106 (25 mg/kg/day) induced a prolonged hypotensive effect (-28 mmHg) still significant 2 days after the end of the treatment. In DOCA salt rats, a hypotensive response and a significant natriuresis were observed after i.v. administration. RB 106, which is one of the most potent dual inhibitors described to date, could have interesting clinical applications in long term treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial ischemia.
An optical registration method for 3D ultrasound freehand scanning (2006)

Three-dimensional ultrasound is emerging as an important adjunct to conventional 2D scanning, in particular in obstetrics and cardiology. Three-dimensional ultrasound makes it easier to visualize objects, pathologies and injuries. Three- dimensional ultrasound may be implemented in form of free hand scanning, which can be augmented with a registration system that records the position and orientation of each scan plane. The registration system may be in the form of an optical or EM source, mounted on the transducer, and with corresponding sensors placed in the room. In terms of portable ultrasound, free hand scanning is the most practical way to acquire 3D images. In this paper we present a new and very compact type of optical registration system, which tracks the position of the transducer on the skin surface. This is done continuously by acquiring images of the skin at the transducer location with a CCD-array, attached on the side of the transducer. With this position information, a sequence of 2D ultrasound frames, obtained with freehand scanning and thus likely to have unequal spacing and varying lateral position, is interpolated into a sequence of ultrasound frames with equal spacing and fixed lateral position. The implementation uses the Terason ultrasound scanner (1) and Sonocubic 3D software, operating in Windows XP. To validate the registration method, a phantom with a rod- shaped inclusion was scanned in an uneven scan path. Five scans were made of a known volume. The volume estimations, based on the interpolated scan planes, fell within 96-106% of the actual volume, with a mean around 101%. Thus, we have demonstrated that the compensation algorithm is working as expected.
The effects of the selective ROCK inhibitor, Y27632, on ET‐1‐induced hypertrophic response in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes – possible involvement of Rho/ROCK pathway in cardiac muscle cell hypertrophy (1999)

A small GTPase, Rho, participates in agonist-induced cytoskeletal organization and gene expression in many cell types including cardiac myocytes. However, little is known about the functions of Rho's downstream targets in cardiac myocytes. We examined the role of ROCK, a downstream target of Rho, in ET-1-induced hypertrophic response. Y27632, a selective ROCK inhibitor, inhibited ET-1-induced increases in natriuretic peptide production, cell size, protein synthesis, and myofibrillar organization. In addition, a dominant-negative mutant of p160ROCK suppressed ET-1-induced transcription of the BNP gene. These findings suggest that the Rho/ROCK pathway is an important component of ET-1-induced hypertrophic signals in cardiac myocytes.
Enhanced P2X7Activity in Human Fibroblasts From Diabetic Patients (2004)

We conclude that fibroblasts from type 2 diabetes patients are characterized by a hyperactive purinergic loop based either on a higher level of ATP release or on increased P2X7 reactivity.
Biophysical regulation during cardiac development and application to tissue engineering (2006)

Tissue engineering combines the principles of biology, engineering and medicine to create biological substitutes of native tissues, with an overall objective to restore normal tissue function. It is thought that the factors regulating tissue development in vivo (genetic, molecular and physical) can also direct cell fate and tissue assembly in vitro. In light of this paradigm, tissue engineering can be viewed as an effort of "imitating nature". We first discuss biophysical regulation during cardiac development and the factors of interest for application in tissue engineering of the myocardium. Then we focus on the biomimetic approach to cardiac tissue engineering which involves the use of culture systems designed to recapitulate some aspects of the actual in vivo environment. To mimic cell signaling in native myocardium, subpopulations of neonatal rat heart cells were cultured at a physiologically high cell density in three-dimensional polymer scaffolds. To mimic the capillary network, highly porous elastomer scaffolds with arrays of parallel channels were perfused with culture medium. To mimic oxygen supply by hemoglobin, culture medium was supplemented with an oxygen carrier. To enhance electromechanical coupling, tissue constructs were induced to contract by applying electrical signals mimicking those in native heart. Over only eight days of cultivation, the biomimetic approach resulted in tissue constructs which contained electromechanically coupled cells expressing cardiac differentiation markers and cardiac-like ultrastructure and contracting synchronously in response to electrical stimulation. Ongoing studies are aimed at extending this approach to tissue engineering of functional cardiac grafts based on human cells.
Query-by-Pictorial-Example (1980)

Query-by-Pictorial-Example is a relational query language introduced for manipulating queries regarding pictorial relations as well as conventional relations. In addition to the manipulating capabilities of the conventional query languages, queries can also be expressed in terms of pictorial examples through a display tenninal. Example queries are used to illustrate the language facilities.
Photon dose perturbations due to small inhomogeneities (1987)

An apparatus capable of measuring small fractional changes in ionization current has been used to study the effect of small inhomogeneities on photon dose in water. Small ring-shaped inhomogeneities were introduced into a water phantom and measurements have been made for 4-, 6-, and 18-MV x-rays. The results show beyond the range of secondary electrons, the dose perturbation is basically a photon transport phenomenon which becomes less important as the beam energy increases; within the range of secondary electrons, dose perturbation also involves electron transport, which has a strong dependence on atomic number and could result in a substantially large effect on dose deposition.
Photoacoustic imaging of the microvasculature with a high-frequency ultrasound array transducer (2007)

Visualization of microvascular networks could provide new information about function and disease. We demonstrate the capabilities of a 30-MHz ultrasound array system for photoacoustic microscopy of small (< or = 300 microm) vessels in a rat. 3D images obtained by translating the array in the elevation direction are compared with photographs of excised skin. The system is shown to have 100-microm lateral resolution, 25-microm axial resolution, and 3-mm imaging depth. To our knowledge this is the first report on photoacoustic microscopy of the microvasculature with a high-frequency array transducer. It is anticipated that the system can be used for studying and diagnosing a number of diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, dermatological disorders, and peripheral microvascular complications in diabetes.
Blood Coagulation (1980)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Combined administration of antibodies to human interleukin 8 and epidermal growth factor receptor results in increased antimetastatic effects on human breast carcinoma xenografts. (2002)

Combined administration of these two human antibodies using growth factor blockade in conjunction with chemokine blockade may thus provide a more effective approach for treatment of metastatic human breast carcinoma.
Construction of stable producer cells to make high‐titer lentiviral vectors for dendritic cell‐based vaccination (2011)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) enveloped with an engineered Sindbis virus glycoprotein can specifically bind to dendritic cells (DCs) through the surface receptor DC-SIGN and induce antigen expression, thus providing an efficient method for delivering DC-directed vaccines. In this study, we constructed a stable producer line (LV-MGFP) for synthesizing DC-SIGN-targeted HIV-1-based LVs (DC-LVs) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) by a concatemeric array transfection technique. We demonstrated that the established stable clones could routinely produce vector supernatants with titers above 10(7) transduction units per milliliter (TU/mL) during a continuous 3-month cell passage. The producer cells were also capable of generating similar titers of DC-LVs in serum-free medium. Moreover, the addition of 1-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ) enabled the producer cells to manufacture DC-LVs with both improved titers and enhanced potency to evoke antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in mice. The stable lines could accommodate the replacement of the internal murine stem cell virus (MSCV) promoter with the human ubiquitin-C (Ubi) promoter in the lentiviral backbone. The resulting DC-LVs bearing Ubi exhibited the enhanced potency to elicit vaccine-specific immunity. Based on accumulated evidence, our studies support the application of this production method in manufacturing DC-LVs for preclinical and clinical testing of novel DC-based immunization.
Challenges and progress in x-ray lithography (1998)

X-ray lithography (XRL) is a very promising technique with the potential to be available for integrated circuit manufacturing as early as the 130 nm generation. As a result of many years of development, the technology is relatively mature. Synchrotron sources have demonstrated performance and reliability; preproduction aligners are available from multiple vendors; significant improvements are being made in mask fabrication; and high resolution imaging has been demonstrated at 100 nm and below. Established vendors already have experience with almost all of the tools that are needed, although improved performance is required for most in order to satisfy the error budgets at 130 nm and below. Significant development activities are continuing in both the United States and Japan, and numerous complex integrated circuits have been fabricated using XRL for one or more critical levels. Nonetheless, there are challenges still to be met. Among the most important are the development and commercial availability of an improved e-beam mask writer; the ability to fabricate defect-free masks satisfying the image placement and critical dimension control requirements with good yields; the stability of the masks in usage (including the issue of possible radiation damage); the ability to correct for magnification errors; and the ability to satisfy the industry’s desire for a technology extendible to 70 nm ground rules. These issues are primarily manufacturing issues, as opposed to issues related to demonstrating proof-of-concept or feasibility, although demonstrating extendibility is still needed before the industry can commit to using XRL at 70 nm ground rules. Because of the existing XRL facilities and experience, effective work to address these and other issues can be accomplished in a timely manner.