gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structure and Characterization of Two New Complexes [Cu2(C3H2O4)2(C4H4N2)]·2H2O and [Zn2(OH2)2(C3H2O4)2(C4H4N2)] (2003)

Abstract Two new complexes with three‐dimensional extended frameworks linked by pyrazine and malonate ligands, namely [Cu 2 (C 3 H 2 O 4 ) 2 (C 4 H 4 N 2 )]·2H 2 O and [Zn 2 (OH 2 ) 2 (C 3 H 2 O 4 ) 2 (C 4 H 4 N 2 )], have been prepared and characterized by X‐ray crystallography, IR, EPR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, their magnetic properties and electrical conductivity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
High Resolution Size Analysis of Fetal DNA in the Urine of Pregnant Women by Paired-End Massively Parallel Sequencing (2012)

With the use of massively parallel sequencing, we have confirmed the existence of transrenal fetal DNA in maternal urine, and have shown that urinary fetal DNA was heavily degraded.
Repetitive Injections of Dendritic Cells Matured with Tumor Necrosis Factor α Induce Antigen-specific Protection of Mice from Autoimmunity (2001)

Mature dendritic cells (DCs) are believed to induce T cell immunity, whereas immature DCs induce T cell tolerance. Here we describe that injections of DCs matured with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (TNF/DCs) induce antigen-specific protection from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. Maturation by TNF-alpha induced high levels of major histocompatibility complex class II and costimulatory molecules on DCs, but they remained weak producers of proinflammatory cytokines. One injection of such TNF/DCs pulsed with auto-antigenic peptide ameliorated the disease score of EAE. This could not be observed with immature DCs or DCs matured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus anti-CD40. Three consecutive injections of peptide-pulsed TNF/DCs derived from wild-type led to the induction of peptide-specific predominantly interleukin (IL)-10-producing CD4(+) T cells and complete protection from EAE. Blocking of IL-10 in vivo could only partially restore the susceptibility to EAE, suggesting an important but not exclusive role of IL-10 for EAE prevention. Notably, the protection was peptide specific, as TNF/DCs pulsed with unrelated peptide could not prevent EAE. In conclusion, this study describes that stimulation by TNF-alpha results in incompletely matured DCs (semi-mature DCs) which induce peptide-specific IL-10-producing T cells in vivo and prevent EAE.
Controlling Polymerization of β-Amyloid and Prion-derived Peptides with Synthetic Small Molecule Ligands (2000)

The Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) and a fragment of the prion protein have the capacity of forming amyloid-like fibrils when incubated under physiological conditions in vitro. Here we show that a small amyloid ligand, RO-47-1816/001, enhances this process severalfold by binding to amyloid molecules and apparently promote formation of the peptide-to-peptide bonds that join the monomers of the amyloid fibrils. This effect could be antagonized by other ligands, including analogues of RO-47-1816/001, as well as the structurally unrelated ligand Congo red. Analogues of RO-47-1816/001 with low affinity for amyloid did not display any antagonistic effect. In conclusion, these data suggest that synthetic molecules, and possibly also small natural substances present in the brain, may act in a chaperone-like fashion, promoting Abeta polymerization and growth of amyloid fibrils in vitro and possibly also in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that small organic molecules can be used to inhibit the action of amyloid-enhancing compounds.
EOG guidance of a wheelchair using neural networks (2002)

Presents a method to control and guide mobile robots. In this case, to send different commands we have used electrooculography (EOG) techniques, so that, control is made by means of the ocular position (eye displacement into its orbit). A neural network is used to identify the inverse eye model, therefore the saccadic eye movements can be detected and where the user is looking can be determined. This control technique can be useful in multiple applications, but in this work it is used to guide an autonomous robot (wheelchair) as a system to help to people with severe disabilities. The system consists of a standard electric wheelchair with an on-board computer, sensors and graphical user interface running on a computer.
Acridizinium Ion Chemistry. II.1 The Diels-Alder Reaction (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcridizinium Ion Chemistry. II.1 The Diels-Alder ReactionC. K. Bradsher and T. W. G. SolomonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 4, 933–934Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01537a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01537a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A randomized clinical trial comparing hydrocolloid, phenytoin and simple dressings for the treatment of pressure ulcers [ISRCTN33429693] (2004)

We deduced that HD is the most effective method investigated for treating stage I and II pressure ulcers in young paraplegic men.
Structural and immunological characterization of E. coli derived recombinant CRM197 protein used as carrier in conjugate vaccines (2018)

It is established that the immunogenicity of polysaccharides is enhanced by coupling them to carrier proteins. Cross reacting material (CRM<sub>197</sub>), a nontoxic variant of diphtheria toxin (DT) is widely used carrier protein for polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. Conventionally, CRM<sub>197</sub> is isolated by fermentation of <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> C7 (β<sub>197</sub>) cultures, which often suffers from low yield. Recently, several recombinant approaches have been reported with robust processes and higher yields, which will improve the affordability of CRM<sub>197</sub>-based vaccines. Vaccine manufacturers require detailed analytical information to ensure that the CRM<sub>197</sub> meets quality standards and regulatory requirements. In the present manuscript we have described detailed structural characteristics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> based recombinant CRM<sub>197</sub> (rCRM<sub>197</sub>) carrier protein. The crystal structure of the <i>E. coli</i> based rCRM<sub>197</sub> was found to be identical with the reported crystal structure of the C7 CRM<sub>197</sub> produced in <i>C. diphtheriae</i> C7 strain (Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID: 4EA0)<sub>.</sub> The crystal structure of rCRM<sub>197</sub> was determined at 2.3 Å resolution and structure was submitted to the PDB with accession number ID 5I82. This is the first report of a crystal structure of <i>E. coli</i> derived recombinant CRM<sub>197</sub> carrier protein. Furthermore, the rCRM<sub>197</sub> was conjugated to Vi polysaccharide to generate Typhoid conjugate vaccine (Vi-rCRM<sub>197</sub>) and its immunogenicity was evaluated in Balb/C Mice. The Vi-rCRM<sub>197</sub> conjugate vaccine was found to generate strong primary α-Vi antibody response and also showed a booster response after subsequent vaccination in mice. Overall data suggest that <i>E. coli</i> based recombinant CRM<sub>197</sub> exhibits structural and immunological similarity with the C7 CRM<sub>197</sub> and can be used as a carrier protein in conjugate vaccine development.
Taxonomic classification for web-based videos (2010)

Categorizing web-based videos is an important yet challenging task. The difficulties arise from large data diversity within a category, lack of labeled data, and degradation of video quality. This paper presents a large scale video taxonomic classification scheme (with more than 1000 categories) tackling these issues. Taxonomic structure of categories is deployed in classifier training. To compensate for the lack of labeled video data, a novel method is proposed to adapt the web-text documents trained classifiers to video domain so that the availability of a large corpus of labeled text documents can be leveraged. Video content based features are integrated with text-based features to gain power in the case of degradation of one type of features. Evaluation on videos from hundreds of categories shows that the proposed algorithms generate significant performance improvement over text classifiers or classifiers trained using only video content based features.
Adenovirus Binding to the Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor or Integrins Is Not Required To Elicit Brain Inflammation but Is Necessary To Transduce Specific Neural Cell Types (2002)

Intracranial administration of adenovirus vectors elicits rapid, capsid-mediated dose-dependent brain inflammation. The mechanisms through which adenovirus capsids trigger inflammation in the brain remain unknown. We determined whether adenovirus interaction with the primary and secondary cell surface receptors for infection (CAR and alphav integrins) was necessary to trigger acute adenovirus-mediated brain inflammation, and, furthermore, whether capsid mutations that abrogated CAR and integrin binding altered vector tropism in the brain. Vectors ablated for CAR binding, but retaining integrin binding function, transduced equivalent areas of brain compared to vectors with wild-type capsids; however, vector tropsim was dramatically altered. Vectors with wild-type capsids predominantly transduced oligodendrocytes, whereas mutation of the fiber protein to ablate CAR binding resulted in a loss of oligodendrocyte transduction and a consequent redirection of transduction to neurons and other types of glial cells. Combined mutations of fiber and penton base that ablate both CAR and integrin binding almost abolished brain transduction. Thus, doubly-ablated capsids engineered to express new ligands should allow complete vector retargeting in the central nervous system. Although transduction by the doubly-ablated vectors was reduced by greater than 95%, inflammation was not reduced compared to wild-type vectors, demonstrating that brain inflammation occurs independently of adenovirus binding and infection of cells via CAR and integrin receptors.
Mechanisms of abnormal erythropoiesis in malignancy (1983)

In order the investigate mechanisms of diminished red cell production in malignancy, we assayed erythroid progenitor cell proliferative responses to erythropoietin in plasma clot cultures of bone marrow cells from 34 cancer patients. Erythroid colony growth by marrow cells of 11 healthy donors (means of 58 CFU-E and 19 BFU-E derived colonies/6 X 10(4) cells) was similar to that in cultures of cells from patients either with (means of 44 CFU-E and 22 BFU-E derived colonies/6 X 10(4) cells) or without (means of 50 CFU-E and 19 BFU-E derived colonies/6 X 10(4) cells) myelophthisis. Colony formation was normal at all erythropoietin concentrations tested, indicating that both the CFU-E and BFU-E retain normal erythropoietin sensitivity in vitro. CFU-E proliferation correlated negatively (r = -0.56; P less than 0.001) with the level of hemoglobin. In contrast to marrow cell proliferative responses to erythropoietin, serum erythropoietin levels were inappropriately reduced in all 19 patients in whom they were measured, a finding which may be important in the pathogenesis of anemia in patients with cancer.
Recent trends in acute lung injury mortality: 1996–2005* (2009)

Over the past decade, there seems to be a clear temporal improvement in survival among patients with ALI treated at ARDS Network centers. Our findings strongly suggest that other advancements in critical care, aside from lower tidal volume ventilation, accounted for this improvement in mortality.
Frequencies, Timing, and Spatial Patterns of Co-Suppression of Nitrate Reductase and Nitrite Reductase in Transgenic Tobacco Plants (1996)

Frequencies, timing, and spatial patterns of co-suppression of the nitrate (Nia) and nitrite (Nii) genes were analyzed in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants carrying either Nia or Nii cDNAs under the control of the 35S promoter, or a Nii gene with its own regulatory signals (promoter, introns, and terminator) cloned downstream of two copies of the enhancer of the 35S promoter. We show that (a) the frequencies of transgenic lines affected by co- suppression are similar for the three constructs, ranging from 19 to 25%; (b) Nia and Nii co-suppression are triggered stochastically during a phenocritical period of 2 weeks between germination and flowering; (c) the timing of co-suppression (i.e. the percentage of isogenic plants affected by co-suppression reported as a function of the number of days of culture) differs from one transgenic line to another; (d) the percentage of isogenic plants affected by co-suppression is increased by growing the plants in vitro prior to their transfer to the greenhouse and to the field; and (e) at the end of the culture period, plants are either unaffected, completely co-suppressed, or variegated. Suppressed and nonsuppressed parts of these variegated plants are separated by a vertical plane through the stem in Nia co-suppression, and separated by a horizontal plane in Nii co-suppression.
Improving audio conferencing (2006)

In this paper, we describe a range of audio problems that impact the effectiveness of audio conferences and detail the solutions we have devised to address these problems. We conducted an audio quality assessment to determine how differences in quality impact audio clarity, a remote person's experience connecting to a conference room , and social presence. Based on the results of this assessment, we examine the costs and benefits of increasing audio fidelity with respect to the network resources needed to support high-fidelity audio conferencing.
[Production and characterization of hybrid monoclonal antibodies with IgG1/IgG3 double isotype]. (1990)

In order to obtain bispecific monoclonal antibodies, two hybridoma cell lines were fused: E13 producing an IgG1 anti-Cytomegalovirus, and 70B12 producing an IgG3 anti-Chlamydia. This experimental model was chosen to test the possibility of association between gamma 1 gamma 3 heavy chains. This association was shown by using an ELISA.
Quality-of-experience driven adaptive HTTP media delivery (2013)

This paper presents a Quality of Experience (QoE) driven approach for multi-user resource optimization in Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) over next generation wireless networks. Our objective is to enhance the user experience in adaptive HTTP streaming by jointly considering the characteristics of the media content and the available wireless resources in the operator network. Specifically, we propose a proactive QoE-based approach for rewriting the client HTTP requests at a proxy in the mobile network. The advantage of the proposed approach is its applicability for over-the-top (OTT) streaming as it requires no adaptation of the media content. We compare our proposed scheme to both reactive QoE-optimized and to standard-DASH HTTP streaming. Our contributions are: 1) We first show that standard OTT DASH leads to unsatisfactory performance since the content agnostic resource allocation by the LTE scheduler is far from optimal, and we can achieve a clear QoE improvement when considering the content characteristics. 2) We additionally show that proactively rewriting the client requests gives control of the video content adaptation to the network operator which has better information than the client on the load and radio conditions in the cell. This results in additional gains in user perceived video quality. 3) A standard unmodified DASH client remains unaware of the proposed rewriting of the HTTP requests and can decode and play the redirected media segments.
Black Americans have an increased rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema* (1996)

These data suggest that black Americans have a substantially increased risk of ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema compared with white subjects and that this increased risk cannot be attributed to an effect of dose, specific ACE inhibitor, or concurrent medications.
Disulfide locked variants of factor VIIa with a restricted β‐strand conformation have enhanced enzymatic activity (2005)

Proteolytic processing of zymogen Factor VII to Factor VIIa (FVIIa) is necessary but not sufficient for maximal proteolytic activity, which requires an additional allosteric influence induced upon binding to its cofactor tissue factor (TF). A key conformational change affecting the zymogenicity of FVIIa involves a unique three-residue shift in the position of beta-strand B2 in their zymogen and protease forms. By selectively introducing new disulfide bonds, we locked the conformation of these strands into an active TF*FVIIa-like state. FVIIa mutants designated 136:160, 137:159, 138:160, and 139:157, reflecting the position of the new disulfide bond (chymotypsinogen numbering), were expressed and purified by TF affinity chromatography. Mass spectrometric analysis of tryptic peptides from the FVIIa mutants confirmed the new disulfide bond formation. Kinetic analysis of amidolytic activity revealed that all FVIIa variants alone had increased specific activity compared to wild type, the largest being for variants 136:160 and 138:160 with substrate S-2765, having 670- and 330-fold increases, respectively. Notably, FVIIa disulfide-locked variants no longer required TF as a cofactor for maximal activity in amidolytic assays. In the presence of soluble TF, activity was enhanced 20- and 12-fold for variants 136:160 and 138:160, respectively, compared to wild type. With relipidated TF, mutants 136:160 and 137:159 also had an approximate threefold increase in their V(max)/K(m) values for FX activation but no significant improvement in TF-dependent clotting assays. Thus, while large rate enhancements were obtained for amidolytic substrates binding at the active site, macro-molecular substrates that bind to FVIIa exosites entail more complex catalytic requirements.
Ureaplasma urealyticum polyarthritis in agammaglobulinemia (1985)

VOGLER, LARRY B. MD; WAITES, KEN B. MD; WRIGHT, PETER F. MD; PERRIN, JAMES M. MD; CASSELL, GAIL H. PHD Author Information
Efficient Assays for Combinatorial Methods for the Discovery of Catalysts (1999)

The revolutionary developments in combinatorial approaches to pharmaceutical science are now being explored in such diverse areas as materials design and homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The quest for more efficient and selective catalysts has created the desire to design parallel assays for catalytic activity in combinatorial studies. This contribution highlights some of the recent exciting developments in this area.
Trypsin-catalyzed synthesis of peptide bond in human hemoglobin. Oxygen binding characteristics of Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb. (1982)

Incubation of human hemoglobin (Hb) A with glycineamide (Gly-NH2) in the presence of trypsin gives rise to two bands of approximately equal amount on the isoelectric focusing gel. Structural analyses, including digestion with trypsin and carboxypeptidases A and B, have shown that one is unmodified Hb A and the other is Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb in which Gly-NH2 is bound to the COOH-terminal residue of the alpha subunit (Arg 141 alpha) via peptide bond. Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb exhibits slightly increased affinity for oxygen and slightly reduced heme-heme interaction as compared with normal Hb A. Although Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb exhibits normal 2,3-diphosphoglycerate effect, the alkaline Bohr effect and chloride effect are diminished. These oxygen binding properties are attributable to abolished binding of chloride to the anion binding site positioned between the alpha-amino group of Val 1 alpha and the guanidinium group of Arg 141 alpha. Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb restores normal oxygen binding properties upon trypsin digestion which removes Gly-NH2 from the COOH terminus of the alpha subunit.
Photoactive and self-sensing P3HT-based thin films for strain and corrosion monitoring (2014)

Structural systems deteriorate due to excessive deformation and corrosive environments. If damage is left undetected, they can propagate to cause sudden collapse. However, one of the main difficulties of monitoring damage progression is that, for example, excessive/plastic deformation and corrosion are drastically different physical processes. Strain is a mechanical phenomenon, whereas corrosion is a complex electrochemical process. The current strategy for structural health monitoring (SHM) is to use either different types of sensors or to employ system identification for quantifying overall changes to the structure. In this study, an alternative SHM paradigm is proposed in that a single, multifunctional material would be able to selectively sense different but simultaneously occurring structural damage. In particular, a photoactive and self-sensing thin film was developed for monitoring strain and corrosion. Another unique aspect was that the films were self-sensing and did not depend on external electrical energy for operations. First, the thin films were fabricated using photoactive poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and other functional polymers using spin-coating and layerby- layer assembly. Second, the fabricated thin films were interrogated using an ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer for quantifying their optical response to applied external stimuli, such as strain and exposure to pH buffer solutions. Lastly, the multifunctional thin films were tested and validated for strain and pH sensing. Interrogation of these separate responses was achieved by illuminating the thin films different wavelengths of light and then measuring the corresponding electrical current generated.