gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: HMGA1 Is a Determinant of Cellular Invasiveness and In vivo Metastatic Potential in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2006)

HMGA1 proteins are architectural transcription factors that are overexpressed in a range of human malignancies, including pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We hypothesized that HMGA1 expression is a determinant of cellular invasiveness and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Stable silencing of HMGA1 in MiaPaCa2 and PANC1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells was achieved by transfection of short hairpin RNA-generating vectors. Additionally, stable overexpression of HMGA1 in MiaPaCa2 cells (characterized by low levels of inherent HMGA1 expression) was achieved. HMGA1 silencing resulted in significant reductions in cellular invasiveness through Matrigel; in cellular matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, mRNA levels, and gene promoter activity; and in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473). Conversely, forced HMGA1 overexpression resulted in significant increases in cellular invasiveness; in cellular MMP-9 activity, mRNA levels, and promoter activity; and in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473). HMGA1 overexpression-induced increases in invasiveness were MMP-9 dependent. The role of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt in mediating HMGA1-dependent invasiveness was elucidated by a specific PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) and constitutively active and dominant-negative Akt adenoviral constructs. Akt-dependent modulation of MMP-9 activity contributed significantly to HMGA1 overexpression-induced increases in invasive capacity. Furthermore, HMGA1 silencing resulted in reductions in metastatic potential and tumor growth in vivo and in tumoral MMP-9 activity. Our findings suggest that HMGA1 may be a novel molecular determinant of invasiveness and metastasis, as well as a potential therapeutic target, in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy: temporal and spatial measurements of cytoplasmic pH (1987)

Fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy (Tanasugarn, L., P. McNeil, G. Reynolds, and D. L. Taylor, 1984, J. Cell Biol., 98:717-724) has been used to measure the spatial variations in cytoplasmic pH of individual quiescent and nonquiescent Swiss 3T3 cells. Fundamental issues of ratio imaging that permit precise and accurate temporal and spatial measurements have been addressed including: excitation light levels, lamp operation, intracellular probe concentrations, methods of threshold selection, photobleaching, and spatial signal-to-noise ratio measurements. Subcellular measurements can be measured accurately (less than 3% coefficient of variation) in an area of 3.65 microns 2 with the present imaging system. Quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells have a measured cytoplasmic pH of 7.09 (0.01 SEM), whereas nonquiescent cells have a pH of 7.35 (0.01 SEM) in the presence of bicarbonate buffer. A unimodal distribution of mean cytoplasmic pH in both quiescent and nonquiescent cells was identified from populations of cells measured on a cell by cell basis. Therefore, unlike earlier studies based on cell population averages, it can be stated that cells in each population exhibit a narrow range of cytoplasmic pH. However, the mean cytoplasmic pH can change based on the physiological state of the cells. In addition, there appears to be little, if any, spatial variation in cytoplasmic pH in either quiescent or nonquiescent Swiss 3T3 cells. The pH within the nucleus was always the same as the surrounding cytoplasm. These values will serve as a reference point for investigating the role of temporal and spatial variations in cytoplasmic pH in a variety of cellular processes including growth control and cell movement.
Oxidized omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil inhibit leukocyte-endothelial interactions through activation of PPARα (2002)

Omega-3 fatty acids, which are abundant in fish oil, improve the prognosis of several chronic inflammatory diseases although the mechanism for such effects remains unclear. These fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are highly polyunsaturated and readily undergo oxidation. We show that oxidized, but not native unoxidized, EPA significantly inhibited human neutrophil and monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro by inhibiting endothelial adhesion receptor expression. In transcriptional coactivation assays, oxidized EPA potently activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha), a member of the nuclear receptor family. In vivo, oxidized, but not native, EPA markedly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion to venular endothelium of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. This occurred via a PPAR alpha-dependent mechanism because oxidized EPA had no such effect in LPS-treated PPAR alpha-deficient mice. Therefore, the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids may be explained by a PPAR alpha-mediated anti-inflammatory effect of oxidized EPA.
Electrochemiluminescence detection for development of immunoassays and DNA probe assays for clinical diagnostics (1991)

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has been developed as a highly sensitive process in which reactive species are generated from stable precursors (i.e., the ECL-active label) at the surface of an electrode. This new technology has many distinct advantages over other detection systems: no radioisotopes are used; detection limits for label are extremely low (200 fmol/L); the dynamic range for label quantification extends over six orders of magnitude; the labels are extremely stable compared with those of most other chemiluminescent systems; the labels, small molecules (approximately 1000 Da), can be used to label haptens or large molecules, and multiple labels can be coupled to proteins or oligonucleotides without affecting immunoreactivity, solubility, or ability to hybridize; because the chemiluminescence is initiated electrochemically, selectivity of bound and unbound fractions can be based on the ability of labeled species to access the electrode surface, so that both separation and nonseparation assays can be set up; and measurement is simple and rapid, requiring only a few seconds. We illustrate ECL in nonseparation immunoassays for digoxin and thyrotropin and in separation immunoassays for carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein. The application of ECL for detection of polymerase chain reaction products is described and exemplified by quantifying the HIV1 gag gene.
Risk of Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (2012)

Positive status with respect to anti-JC virus antibodies, prior use of immunosuppressants, and increased duration of natalizumab treatment, alone or in combination, were associated with distinct levels of PML risk in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis. (Funded by Biogen Idec and Elan Pharmaceuticals.).
Reporting standards for endovascular surgery: should existing standards be modified for newer procedures? (1997)

Appropriate standards for reports on endovascular procedures are discussed in terms of whether existing standards suffice or should be revised. SVS/ISCVS and SCVIR reporting standards form the basis for recommendations. The recently revised SVS/ISCVS "recommended standards for reports dealing with lower extremity ischemia" serves appropriately for most outcome comparisons for occlusive disease, that is, where open surgical and endovascular procedures should be assessed by the same standards. Existing endovascular reporting standards are used to augment these where specific considerations pertinent only to endovascular procedures, such as description of lesion, are needed. In some aspects, such as the reporting of complications that are specific to endovascular procedures (eg, contrast-related, medication-related, device-related, and some entry site and deployment-related complications), recent SCVIR recommendations are endorsed. Although some of these apply, additional reporting standards are required for reporting the results of endograft treatment of aneurysmal disease. The former are identified, and the latter are taken from recent recommendations for reports on the endograft repair of infrarenal AAAs and experiences from recent endograft trials. Public disclosures, at professional meetings or press releases, of data lacking the objectivity and uniformity of these reporting standards, because of the time lag before firm data can reach peer-reviewed journals, may mislead and impede progress.
Chemotherapy in hairy cell leukemia. Preliminary results of a nonaggressive regimen (1984)

Three patients with hairy cell leukemia, only one splenectomized, were treated with a combination of vinblastine plus bleomycin at low doses. One achieved a complete remission and another achieved a good partial hematologic and bone marrow remission. Neither of them has relapsed after follow-up periods of 34 and 17 months, respectively. The third patient, although achieving a hematologic improvement, died because of a cytomegalovirus pneumonitis after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is not usually employed in the initial management of hairy cell leukemia. However, if life-threatening neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occur secondary to severe bone marrow leukemia infiltration and an improvement does not take place using alternative therapeutic strategies, chemotherapy should be taken into consideration. The nonaggressive chemotherapeutic regimen the authors propose induces a cytoreduction without an evident myelosuppression, and can be also employed on an outpatient basis.
Redirecting Gene-Modified T Cells toward Various Cancer Types Using Tagged Antibodies (2012)

These studies highlight an applicability of anti-tag CAR technology to treat patients with different types of cancers and a possibility to regulate CAR T-cell functions with competing FITC molecules.
The Separation, Identification, and Quantitation of Cannabinoids and Their t-Butyldimethylsilyl, Trimethylsilylacetate, and Diethylphosphate Derivatives Using High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Gas-Liquid Chromatography, and Mass Spectrometry (1976)

Methods for the separation, identification, and quantitation, of cannabinoids present in hashish have been developed. These methods include high-pressure liquid chromatographic and gas-liquid chromatographic separation of cannabinol, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, delta 8-tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabidiol as well as their tau-butyidimethylsilyl either and trimethylsilylacetate derivatives. The necessity for internal standards; the sensitivity of the HPLC method; and some mass spectral fragmentation pathways for the tau-butyldimethylsily, trimethylsilylacetate, and diethylphosphate derivatives are discussed.
Wafer-level filling of microfabricated atomic vapor cells based on thin-film deposition and photolysis of cesium azide (2007)

The thin-film deposition and photodecomposition of cesium azide are demonstrated and used to fill arrays of miniaturized atomic resonance cells with cesium and nitrogen buffer gas for chip-scale atomic-based instruments. Arrays of silicon cells are batch fabricated on wafers into which cesium azide is deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation. After vacuum sealing, the cells are irradiated with ultraviolet radiation, causing the azide to photodissociate into pure cesium and nitrogen in situ. This technology integrates the vapor-cell fabrication and filling procedures into one continuous and wafer-level parallel process, and results in cells that are optically transparent and chemically pure.
1-Halobenzyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acids. A new class of antispermatogenic agents (1976)

The synthesis of a series of halogenated 1-benzylindazole-3-carboxylic acids and related derivatives is described. These compounds were studied for their effect on testicular weight and on the inhibition of spermatogenesis. Many of the derivatives, but in particular 1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid (11), 1-(2,4-dibromobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid (13), 1-(4-chloro-2-methylbenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid (27), and their glycerol esters, showed potent antispermatogenic activity.
Overexpression of Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Mice Ameliorates Immune-Mediated Renal Injury (2001)

One of major causes of end-stage renal disease is glomerulonephritis, the treatment of which remains difficult clinically. It has already been shown that transgenic mice that overexpress brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), with a potent vasorelaxing and natriuretic property, have ameliorated glomerular injury after subtotal nephrectomy. However, the role of natriuretic peptides in immune-mediated renal injury still remains unknown. Therefore, the effects of chronic excess of BNP on anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis induced in BNP-transgenic mice (BNP-Tg) were investigated and the mechanisms how natriuretic peptides act on mesangial cells in vitro were explored. After induction of nephritis, severe albuminuria (approximately 21-fold above baseline), tissue damage, including mesangial expansion and cell proliferation, and functional deterioration developed in nontransgenic littermates. In contrast, BNP-Tg exhibited much milder albuminuria (approximately fourfold above baseline), observed only at the initial phase, and with markedly ameliorated histologic and functional changes. Up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), as well as increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), were also significantly inhibited in the kidney of BNP-Tg. In cultured mesangial cells, natriuretic peptides counteracted the effects of angiotensin II with regard to ERK phosphorylation and fibrotic action. Because angiotensin II has been shown to play a pivotal role in the progression of nephritis through induction of TGF-beta and MCP-1 that may be ERK-dependent, the protective effects of BNP are likely to be exerted, at least partly, by antagonizing the renin-angiotensin system locally. The present study opens a possibility of a novel therapeutic potential of natriuretic peptides for treating immune-mediated renal injury.
Safety and Efficacy of 5% Imiquimod Cream for the Treatment of Skin Dysplasia in High-Risk Renal Transplant Recipients (2005)

Topical 5% imiquimod cream seems to be safe on skin areas up to 60 cm2 in renal transplant recipients. It may be effective in reducing cutaneous dysplasia and the frequency of squamous tumors developing in high-risk patients. Larger studies are required to confirm these results.
Wavelength-selective filters for single-mode fiber WDM systems using Fabry-Perot interferometers (1987)

The applications of the Fabry-Perot interferometer to high capacity wavelength division multiplexed optical systems are discussed. The performances of several practical embodiments, their anticipated role and ultimate performance limitations are described.
Transuranic and tracer simulant resuspension. [/sup 238/Pu, /sup 239/Pu, /sup 240/Pu] (1977)

Plutonium resuspension results are summarized for experiments conducted at Rocky Flats, onsite on the Hanford reservation, and for winds blowing from offsite onto the Hanford reservation near the Prosser barricade boundary. In each case, plutonium resuspension was shown by increased airborne plutonium concentrations as a function of either wind speed or as compared to fallout levels. All measured airborne concentrations were below maximum permissible concentrations (MPC). Both plutonium and cesium concentrations on airborne soil were normalized by the quantity of airborne soil sampled. Airborne radionuclide concentrations in ..mu..Ci/g were related to published values for radionuclide concentrations on surface soils. For this ratio of radionuclide concentration per gram on airborne soil divided by that for ground surface soil, there are eight orders of magnitude uncertainty from 10/sup -4/ to 10/sup 4/. Horizontal plutonium fluxes on airborne nonrespirable soils at all three sites were bracketed within the same three to four orders of magnitude from 10/sup -7/ to 10/sup -3/ ..mu..Ci/(m/sup 2/ day) for plutonium-239 and 10/sup -8/ to 10/sup -5/ ..mu..Ci/(m/sup 2/ day) for plutonium-238. These are the entire experimental base for nonrespirable airborne plutonium transport. Airborne respirable plutonium-239 concentrations increased with wind speed for a southeast wind direction coming from offsite near the Hanford reservation Prosser barricade. Airborne plutonium fluxes on nonrespirable particles had isotopic ratios, /sup 240/Pu//sup 239 +240/Pu, similar to weapons grade plutonium rather than fallout plutonium. Resuspension rates were summarized for controlled inert particle tracer simulant experiments. Wind resuspension rates for tracers increased with wind speed to about the fifth power.
The Mutation Rate and Variability of Eukaryotic Viruses: An Analytical Review (1987)

Perhaps the most important factor to limit the effectiveness of vaccines against virus infections is that of virus variation. Successful vaccines have been developed against viruses such as those causing smallpox, measles, yellow fever and poliomyelitis, and they are effective against most circulating virus strains. However, with some viruses vaccination has been much less successful either because numerous antigenically distinct strains co-circulate, as is the case for rhinoviruses, or because new strains are continually emerging, as in the case of influenza virus. Despite the importance of virus variability, little is known about the factors that influence it and that are responsible for the dramatically different patterns of variation displayed by different viruses. The primary source of variation is obviously mutation, and it has been suggested in several recent papers that the extreme variability of some viruses may be a consequence of an unusually high rate of mutation (Holland et al., 1982; Reanney, 1984; Domingo et al., 1985; Saitou & Nei, 1986). The purpose of this analytical review is to summarize recent information about the mutation rates of eukaryotic viruses, and to discuss the relationship between such rates and virus variability in the field.
Functional Epigenomics Identifies Genes Frequently Silenced in Prostate Cancer (2005)

In many cases, silencing of gene expression by CpG methylation is causally involved in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, cancer-specific CpG methylation may serve as a tumor marker. In order to identify candidate genes for inactivation by CpG methylation in prostate cancer, the prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and Du-145 were treated with 5-aza-2' deoxycytidine and trichostatin A, which leads to reversion of epigenetic silencing. By microarray analysis of 18,400 individual transcripts, several hundred genes were found to be induced when compared with cells treated with trichostatin A. Fifty re-expressed genes were selected for further analysis based on their known function, which implied a possible involvement in tumor suppression. Twelve of these genes showed a significant degree of CpG methylation in their promoters. Six genes were silenced by CpG methylation in the majority of five analyzed prostate cancer cell lines, although they displayed robust mRNA expression in normal prostate epithelial cells obtained from four different donors. In primary prostate cancer samples derived from 41 patients, the frequencies of CpG methylation detected in the promoter regions of these genes were: GPX3, 93%; SFRP1, 83%; COX2, 78%; DKK3, 68%; GSTM1, 58%; and KIP2/p57, 56%. Ectopic expression of SFRP1 or DKK3 resulted in decreased proliferation. The expression of DKK3 was accompanied by attenuation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The high frequency of CpG methylation detected in the promoters of the identified genes suggests a potential causal involvement in prostate cancer and may prove useful for diagnostic purposes.
The Protective Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid against Oxidative Damage in Rabbit Conjunctiva and Cornea Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation (2004)

alpha-Lipoic acid which is considered as potent antioxidant protects the eye from the damaging effect of ultraviolet exposure.
Case Reports: Epidemic Eye and Upper Respiratory Irritation in Poultry Processing Plants (1995)

Abstract Case studies conducted at six poultry processing plants by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and state health departments revealed that processors and inspectors experienced acute eye and upper respiratory irritation associated with their work. The most frequently reported symptoms were burning, watery eyes; sneezing; stuffy, runny nose; and cough. Other symptoms included blurred vision, light sensitivity, sore throat, headache, and nausea. Occasionally symptoms became so severe that inspectors and workers refused to continue working. Although prevalence data were often not collected, greater than 90 percent of the workers reported having symptoms in the hanging, evisceration, and inspection areas at one plant. These outbreaks were all associated with problems or changes in the plants' water chlorination and super-chlorination processes. The inception of complaints at three of the plants was closely associated with the switch to chloramination as a method of disinfection by the local water supply companies. Chloramination has been reported to produce and release the gas trichloramine, a mucous membrane irritant. Investigators collected area and personal breathing zone air samples at the plants to estimate worker exposures to chlorine and ammonia, but the concentrations of these gases were always low, with a maximum of 0.18 ppm for chlorine and a maximum of 3 ppm for ammonia. These concentrations are well below OSHA, NIOSH, and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists exposure criteria; however, these long-term samples were not capable of detecting short-term peaks of the gases. There is currently no method available for measuring trichloramine in air. Chlorine levels were also measured in water and at times were found to range well above the 20 ppm concentration required by the USDA for sanitizing the evisceration machines. The companies tried various methods to resolve the complaints, including constructing a new water supply system, strict control of super-chlorination of water on processing machines, and ventilation changes. These procedures have served to largely control or eliminate complaints at the plants.
TriangleCaster (1999)

Article TriangleCaster: extensions to 3D-texturing units for accelerated volume rendering Share on Author: Gunter Knittel Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Visual Computing Department Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Visual Computing DepartmentView Profile Authors Info & Claims HWWS '99: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardwareJuly 1999 Pages 25–34https://doi.org/10.1145/311534.311570Published:01 July 1999 7citation279DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads279Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Easy quantification of template-directed CRISPR/Cas9 editing (2018)

Template-directed CRISPR/Cas9 editing is a powerful tool for introducing subtle mutations in genomes. However, the success rate of incorporation of the desired mutations at the target site is difficult to predict and therefore must be empirically determined. Here, we adapted the widely used TIDE method for quantification of templated editing events, including point mutations. The resulting TIDER method is a rapid, cheap and accessible tool for testing and optimization of template-directed genome editing strategies. A free web tool for TIDER data analysis is available at http://tide.nki.nl.