gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of the structure, function and distribution of β5 integrins using novel anti-β5 monoclonal antibodies (1994)

Here, we have utilized six new anti-human beta 5 monoclonal antibodies to perform a detailed investigation of the structure, function and distribution of beta 5 integrins. Monoclonal anti-beta 5 specificity was confirmed by reactivity with beta 5-transfected CHO cells, by direct binding to the beta 5 subunit (immunoblotting), and by immunodepletion experiments using polyclonal anti-beta 5 serum. The beta 5 subunit was predominantly associated with the alpha v subunit, although on some cell lines, the level of beta 5 exceeded that of alpha v for unknown reasons. Cell adhesion studies showed that the adhesive function of beta 5 could be stimulated, inhibited or unaltered by different anti-beta 5 monoclonal antibodies. The beta 5 subunit was involved in adhesion to both vitronectin and fibronectin and, at least for K562 cells, fibronectin appeared to be the preferred ligand. Flow-cytometry studies showed that the beta 5 subunit was expressed at moderate to high levels on all adherent cell lines examined, was absent from all lymphoid cell lines, and was only weakly expressed on myeloid cell lines. Staining of thymic sections showed the distribution of beta 5 on blood vessels, Hassal's corpuscles, cortical and medullary stromal cells, and basement membranes. Skin sections showed beta 5 on the basal layer of the epidermis and on some dermal blood vessel walls, and kidney sections showed staining of glomerular regions, juxta glomerular apparatus, proximal convoluted tubules and collecting tubules, and at least one anti-beta 5 antibody also stained epithelial cells of proximal tubules.
Skin Effect in Tubular and Flat Conductors (1918)

A method is presented for calculating the skin effect resistance ratio of a tube, which is a form of conductor to be recommended for high-frequency work. A formula is also developed by means of which the asymptote to the curve of the ratio R'/R may be drawn, and thus the magnitude of the skin effect at extremely high frequencies may be obtained. The values of the ratio R'/R for tubes of various thicknesses, are plotted in a set of curves (Fig. 3) which may be used for the solution of practical problems. A similar method is described for the calculation of skin effect in a thin strap. Although the calculations cannot be carried out for as high frequencies as the calculation for tube, it indicates a method of coordinating the test results for straps, which have been published. A set of empirical curves for straps is given in Fig. 7, from which approximate values of R'/R for any case may be read.
Self-Assembled Nanodot Fabrication by Using PS-PDMS Block Copolymer (2012)

The downsizing of nanolithography technology has given great benefit on achieving faster, low power consumption, and high integrated structure of electronics devices. Therefore, this nanolithography technology has drawn many scientists and engineers to be involved and put their main goal on this field in many decades. To obtain nanostructures especially nanodot, there are many methods which have been developed. Before block copolymer self-assembly technique is presented, those methods to fabricate nanostructures are discussed. Those methods could be divided into 2 large categories. Those are top-down method and bottom-up methods. The methods to fabricate nanodot also could be divided into top-down and bottom-up methods. Top-down method patterns material at large scale by reducing its dimension to the nanoscale. Bottom-up methods arrange atoms or molecules to form nanostructures.
Fundamentals of impedance cardiography (1989)

The most widely used impedance method for cardiac stroke volume and cardiac output measurements is described. It uses band electrodes around the ends of the thorax and forward extrapolation of the systolic portion of the impedance waveform. Studies performed to determine the physiological origin of the impedance change and the apparently conflicting results are summarized. Comparative studies with other methods are briefly discussed. It is concluded that for the present technique to be placed on a sound scientific base, it is necessary to determine what regions or organs contribute to the impedance change recorded from the thoracic surface, but that it shows remarkably good correlation with other cardiac output measurement systems if applied to a select relatively healthy population, given all the assumptions involved.
Oxidative stress promotes myofibroblast differentiation and tumour spreading (2010)

JunD regulates genes involved in antioxidant defence. We took advantage of the chronic oxidative stress resulting from junD deletion to examine the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumour development. In a model of mammary carcinogenesis, junD inactivation increased tumour incidence and revealed an associated reactive stroma. junD-inactivation in the stroma was sufficient to shorten tumour-free survival rate and enhance metastatic spread. ROS promoted conversion of fibroblasts into highly migrating myofibroblasts through accumulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha transcription factor and the CXCL12 chemokine. Accordingly, treatment with an antioxidant reduced the levels of HIF and CXCL12 and numerous myofibroblast features. CXCL12 accumulated in the stroma of HER2-human breast adenocarcinomas. Moreover, HER2 tumours exhibited a high proportion of myofibroblasts, which was significantly correlated to nodal metastases. Interestingly, this subset of tumours exhibited a significant nuclear exclusion of JunD and revealed an associated oxido-reduction signature, further demonstrating the relevance of our findings in human cancers. Collectively, our data uncover a new mechanism by which oxidative stress increases the migratory properties of stromal fibroblasts, which in turn potentiate tumour dissemination.
Uncovering Intrinsic Connectional Architecture of Functional Networks in Awake Rat Brain (2011)

Intrinsic connectional architecture of the brain is a crucial element in understanding the governing principle of brain organization. To date, enormous effort has been focused on addressing this issue in humans by combining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) with other techniques. However, this research area is significantly underexplored in animals, perhaps because of confounding effects of anesthetic agents used in most animal experiments on functional connectivity. To bridge this gap, we have systematically investigated the intrinsic connectional architecture in the rodent brain by using a previously established awake-animal imaging model. First, group independent component analysis was applied to the rsfMRI data to extract elementary functional clusters of the brain. The connectional relationships between these clusters, as evaluated by partial correlation analysis, were then used to construct a graph of whole-brain neural network. This network exhibited the typical features of small-worldness and strong community structures seen in the human brain. Finally, the whole-brain network was segregated into community structures using a graph-based analysis. The results of this work provided a functional atlas of intrinsic connectional architecture of the rat brain at both intraregion and interregion levels. More importantly, the current work revealed that functional networks in rats are organized in a nontrivial manner and conserve fundamental topological properties that are also seen in the human brain. Given the high psychopathological relevance of network organization of the brain, this study demonstrated the feasibility of studying mechanisms and therapies of multiple neurological and psychiatric diseases through translational research.
Tau phosphorylation in transgenic mice expressing glycogen synthase kinase-3β transgenes (1997)

In order to investigate the effect on tau of manipulating glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta activity in the brain, we created transgenic mice harbouring wild-type GSK-3beta genes or a mutant GSK-3beta that is predicted to be more active. Transgene-derived mRNAs were detected in the brains of a number of the transgenic mouse lines and several of these transgenic lines displayed transgenic GSK-3beta activity. Western blot analyses of the two lines with the highest levels of transgenic GSK-3beta activity revealed that the phosphorylation status of tau was elevated at the AT8 epitope. These observations strongly suggest that GSK-3beta is an in vivo tau kinase in the brain. Only low levels of expression of GSK-3beta were obtained and it is possible that high levels of GSK-3beta activity are lethal.
Fish transgene expression by direct injection into fish muscle. (1993)

The ability of a promoter sequence to drive expression of a reporter gene can be determined by direct injection of copies of the cloned sequence into fish muscle, followed by biopsy of muscle from the site of injection. We describe a set of experiments in which copies of the constructs FV1 and FV2, both comprising a carp beta-actin promoter sequence spliced to the bacterial reporter gene CAT, were injected into the muscle of tilapia fish )Oreochromis niloticus) of between 5 and 8 cm body length. The site of injection was carefully determined so that biopsy samples could be recovered from the injection site 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days after injection. Biopsy samples of muscle were homogenized and used for CAT assays. CAT activity was successfully detected in many of the muscle samples.
Memantine Treatment in Patients With Moderate to Severe Alzheimer Disease Already Receiving Donepezil (2004)

In patients with moderate to severe AD receiving stable doses of donepezil, memantine resulted in significantly better outcomes than placebo on measures of cognition, activities of daily living, global outcome, and behavior and was well tolerated. These results, together with previous studies, suggest that memantine represents a new approach for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe AD.
Performing Group-By before Join (1994)

Assume that we have an SQL query containing joins and a group-by. The standard way of evaluating this type of query is to rst perform all the joins and then the group-by operation. However, it may be possible to perform the group-byearly, that is, to push the group-by operation past one or more joins. Early grouping may reduce the query processing cost by reducing the amount of data participating in joins. We formally dene the problem, adhering strictly to the semantics of NULL and duplicate elimination in SQL2, and prove necessary and su cient conditions for deciding when this transformation is valid. In practice, it may beexpensive or even impossible to test whether the conditions are satis ed. Therefore, we also present a more practical algorithm that tests a simpler, su cient condition. This algorithm is fast and detects a large subclass of transformable queries.
Dual AAV-mediated gene therapy restores hearing in a DFNB9 mouse model (2019)

Autosomal recessive genetic forms (DFNB) account for most cases of profound congenital deafness. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy is a promising therapeutic option, but is limited by a potentially short therapeutic window and the constrained packaging capacity of the vector. We focus here on the otoferlin gene underlying DFNB9, one of the most frequent genetic forms of congenital deafness. We adopted a dual AAV approach using two different recombinant vectors, one containing the 5' and the other the 3' portions of otoferlin cDNA, which exceed the packaging capacity of the AAV when combined. A single delivery of the vector pair into the mature cochlea of <i>Otof</i><sup>-/-</sup> mutant mice reconstituted the otoferlin cDNA coding sequence through recombination of the 5' and 3' cDNAs, leading to the durable restoration of otoferlin expression in transduced cells and a reversal of the deafness phenotype, raising hopes for future gene therapy trials in DFNB9 patients.
2-Chloro-6-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-9-isopropylpurine (2007)

The structure of the title compound, C17H20ClN5O3, consists of discrete mol­ecules of a 6-(benzyl­amino)purine derivative. The secondary structure is stabilized by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connecting mol­ecules into centrosymmetric dimers and by weak inter­atomic contacts of the types C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O, and by π–π stacking inter­actions.
Sacituzumab Govitecan (IMMU-132) in treatment-resistant uterine serous carcinoma: A case report (2018)

•Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a rare but aggressive variant of uterine cancer.•Sacituzumab-govitecan (IMMU-132) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting TROP-2.•IMMU-132 may represent a new treatment option for USC overexpressing TROP-2.
Metal−Organic Thin-Film Transistor (MOTFT) Based on a Bis(o-diiminobenzosemiquinonate) Nickel(II) Complex (2005)

The semiconducting film based on bis(o-diiminobenzosemiquinonate) nickel(II) complex showed uniaxial orientation structure along the normal to the substrate and good p-type metal-organic thin-film transistor (MOTFT) character.
Real-Time Scheduling on Multicore Platforms (2006)

Multicore architectures, which have multiple processing units on a single chip, are widely viewed as a way to achieve higher processor performance, given that thermal and power problems impose limits on the performance of single-core designs. Accordingly, several chip manufacturers have already released, or will soon release, chips with dual cores, and it is predicted that chips with up to 32 cores will be available within a decade. To effectively use the available processing resources on multicore platforms, software designs should avoid co-executing applications or threads that can worsen the performance of shared caches, if not thrash them. While cache-aware scheduling techniques for such platforms have been proposed for throughput-oriented applications, to the best of our knowledge, no such work has targeted real-time applications. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a cache-aware Pfair-based scheduling scheme for real-time tasks on multicore platforms
Natural Products Related to Phenanthrene (1950)

It is a curious fact that many hormones, sterols and bile acids which are so important to health and well-being are related chemically to the rather simple coal tar hydrocarbon, phenanthrene. This book sums up present knowledge of these substances and includes chapters on cardiac glycosides, morphine and related alkaloids, saponins, steroid alkaloids and steroid metabolism. Although written primarily for the organic chemist, the material is presented in such a manner that it will be of considerable interest to physicians and others who are primarily concerned with physiologic applications. The study of hormones from the chemical point of view, although exceedingly difficult, has made great progress in the last two decades and is now in a state of feverish activity. For instance, the synthesis of cortisone (compound E) is described in detail, and a discussion of its physiologic activity and comparison with other adrenal cortical hormones is given. These discussions
Intraocular lens power calculation after previous myopic laser vision correction based on corneal power measured by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (2012)

The predictive accuracy of OCT-based IOL power calculation was equal to or better than current standards in post-laser vision correction eyes.
The retinoic acid alpha receptor gene is frequently disrupted in its 5' part in Chinese patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. (1991)

The t(15;17)(q22;q11-q21) translocation, a hallmark for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), has recently been shown to disrupt the retinoic acid-alpha receptor (RARA) gene localized on band 17q21. Leukemic cell DNAs from 16 Chinese patients with APL were analysed by Southern blot hybridization with probes covering the 5' and the 3' parts of the gene. In ten patients, the breakpoints were concentrated within a 5.5 kb EcoRI fragment containing part of intron 1, whereas no rearrangement was detected in the six remaining patients. Genomic amplification of the RARA gene was observed in one case. When RNA was available (six patients), abnormal-sized RARA gene transcripts were observed. Interestingly, no rearranged transcript was found in cells from a patient during a 6-day treatment with all-trans retinoic acid, while bone marrow cells still possessed the translocation.
Clinical atlas of procedures in ophthalmic surgery (2004)

This atlas illustrates basic surgical techniques. Each procedure is carefully labelled in a ready to use format.
Cholesterol feeding reduces nuclear forms of sterol regulatory element binding proteins in hamster liver (1997)

Cholesterol feeding reduces the mRNAs encoding multiple enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway and the low density lipoprotein receptor in livers of hamsters. Here we show that cholesterol feeding also reduces the levels of the nuclear NH2-terminal domains of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs), which activate transcription of sterol-regulated genes. We show that livers of hamsters, like those of mice and humans, predominantly produce SREBP-2 and the 1c isoform of SREBP-1. Both are produced as membrane-bound precursors that must be proteolyzed to release the transcriptionally active NH2-terminal domains. Diets containing 0.1% to 1.0% cholesterol decreased the amount of nuclear SREBP-1c without affecting the amount of the membrane precursor or its mRNA, suggesting that cholesterol inhibits the proteolytic processing of SREBP-1 in liver as it does in cultured cells. Cholesterol also appeared to reduce the proteolytic processing of SREBP-2. In addition, at high levels of dietary cholesterol the mRNA encoding SREBP-2 declined and the amount of the precursor also fell, suggesting that cholesterol accumulation also may inhibit transcription of the SREBP-2 gene. The high-cholesterol diets reduced the amount of low density lipoprotein receptor mRNA by 30% and produced a more profound 70-90% reduction in mRNAs encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase and reductase. Treatment with lovastatin and Colestipol, which increases hepatic demands for cholesterol, increased the amount of SREBP-2 mRNA as well as the precursor and nuclear forms of the protein. This treatment caused a reciprocal decline in SREBP-1c mRNA and protein. Considered together, these data suggest that SREBPs play important roles in controlling transcription of sterol-regulated genes in liver, as they do in cultured cells.
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells express high affinity receptors for factor Xa (1997)

The binding of [125I]-factor Xa to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers was studied. At 7 degrees C, [125I]-factor Xa bound to a single class of binding sites with a dissociation constant value of 6.6 +/- 0.8 nM and a binding site density of 57,460 +/- 5,200 sites/cell (n = 3). Association and dissociation kinetics were of a pseudo-first order and gave association and dissociation rate constant values of 0.15 x 10(6) M-1 s-1 and 4.0 x 10(-4) s-1, respectively. [125I]-factor Xa binding was inhibited by factor Xa but was not affected by factor X, thrombin or monoclonal antibodies against factor V, antithrombin-III or tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) but was inhibited by an antibody specific for the effector cell protease receptor-1 (EPR-1), a well-known receptor of factor Xa on various cell types. [125I]-factor Xa binding to HUVEC was not affected by various inhibitors of factor Xa such as DX 9065, pentasaccharide-antithrombin-III or TFPI. Factor Xa increased intracellular free calcium levels and phosphoinositide turnover in endothelial cells and, when added to HUVEC in culture, factor Xa was a potent mitogen, stimulating an increase in cell number at a 0.3 to 100 nM concentration. HUVEC-bound factor Xa promoted prothrombin activation in the presence of factor Va only. This effect was inhibited by both indirect and direct inhibitors of factor Xa. These findings indicate that HUVEC express functional high affinity receptors for factor Xa, related to EPR-1, which may be of importance in the regulation of coagulation and homeostasis of the vascular wall.
The Essential Oil Composition ofCunila angustifolia(Lamiaceae) (1999)

Abstract The essential oils of the aerial parts of Cunila angustifolia, collected in two different regions in the southern Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, were analyzed by GC, GC/MS and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The main compounds in sample A were found to be sabinene (41.4%), γ-terpinene (11.3%) and limonene (9–5%). In sample B, trans-piperitone oxide (42.4%), sabinene (12.1%) and limonene (10.4%) were the main constituents. For confirmation of trans-piperitone oxide, the compound has been isolated by column chromatography and the structure established by spectroscopical methods.
A Role for c- fos /Activator Protein 1 in B Lymphocyte Terminal Differentiation (2005)

Expression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) transcription factor is essential for promoting B cell differentiation into plasma cells. However, a critical transcription factor for Blimp-1 expression in activated B cells is unclear. When splenic B cells were stimulated with CD40 ligand (CD40L) and IL-4, terminal differentiation was induced in the B cells from c-fos transgenic (H2-c-fos) mice but barely in those from control littermates and from c-fos-deficient mice. AP-1 family and Blimp-1 mRNAs were transiently induced in the control B cells, and overexpression of c-Fos induced a sufficient amount of Blimp-1 for terminal differentiation in the H2-c-fos B cells. When normal and c-fos-deficient B cells were stimulated with LPS, a sufficient amount of Blimp-1 for terminal differentiation was induced in those B cells. However, expression of c-fos/AP-1 family mRNAs in LPS-stimulated normal B cells was similar to that of normal B cells stimulated with CD40L and IL-4. EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays using the AP-1-binding DNA sequence in the murine Blimp-1 promoter region demonstrated that AP-1-binding activity in nuclear protein of LPS-stimulated normal B cells was prolonged more than that in normal B cells stimulated with CD40L and IL-4. Furthermore, the percentage of CD138(+) B cells within germinal center B cells in the spleen and the number of Ab-forming cells in the bone marrow of H2-c-fos mice was larger than that of control mice 12 days after immunization. Thus, although c-Fos is not essential for Blimp-1 expression, c-Fos/AP-1 positively regulates Blimp-1 expression and terminal differentiation of activated B cells.