gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate in chronic heart failure: Hemodynamic and neurohormonal correlations and response to nitrate therapy (1993)

This study evaluated the relation between plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and hemodynamic and neurohormonal parameters in patients with chronic congestive heart failure and assessed the effect of organic nitrate on plasma cGMP levels. Plasma cGMP was fourfold higher in 18 patients with congestive heart failure compared with 15 control subjects (16.7 +/- 9.7 versus 4.0 +/- 1.0 pmol/ml; p < 0.0001) but did not correlate with plasma levels of catecholamines, renin, atrial natriuretic peptide, or with baseline hemodynamic values. The administration of a hemodynamically effective dose of oral isosorbide dinitrate (40 mg) resulted in a transient reduction in plasma cGMP from 16.7 +/- 9.7 pmol/ml at baseline to 13.0 +/- 6.6 pmol/ml at 1 hour (p < 0.05). This change was associated with small and statistically insignificant changes in neurohormonal values and had no relation to any of the hemodynamic changes. We concluded that (1) elevated plasma cGMP in congestive heart failure does not correlate with other neurohormonal or hemodynamic parameters and may be an independent parameter of heart failure, (2) in contrast to previously documented nitrate-mediated increases in intracellular cGMP, nitrate therapy results in a reduction in plasma cGMP, and (3) changes in plasma cGMP cannot serve as a surrogate measurement of changes in intracellular cGMP.
Rapid Formation of a Supramolecular Polypeptide–DNA Hydrogel for In Situ Three‐Dimensional Multilayer Bioprinting (2015)

A rapidly formed supramolecular polypeptide-DNA hydrogel was prepared and used for in situ multilayer three-dimensional bioprinting for the first time. By alternative deposition of two complementary bio-inks, designed structures can be printed. Based on their healing properties and high mechanical strengths, the printed structures are geometrically uniform without boundaries and can keep their shapes up to the millimeter scale without collapse. 3D cell printing was demonstrated to fabricate live-cell-containing structures with normal cellular functions. Together with the unique properties of biocompatibility, permeability, and biodegradability, the hydrogel becomes an ideal biomaterial for 3D bioprinting to produce designable 3D constructs for applications in tissue engineering.
Elastography: A Quantitative Method for Imaging the Elasticity of Biological Tissues (1991)

We describe a new method for quantitative imaging of strain and elastic modulus distributions in soft tissues. The method is based on external tissue compression, with subsequent computation of the strain profile along the transducer axis, which is derived from cross-correlation analysis of pre- and post-compression A-line pairs. The strain profile can then be converted to an elastic modulus profile by measuring the stresses applied by the compressing device and applying certain corrections for the nonuniform stress field. We report initial results of several phantom and excised animal tissue experiments which demonstrate the ability of this technique to quantitatively image strain and elastic modulus distributions with good resolution, sensitivity and with diminished speckle. We discuss several potential clinical uses of this technique.
Increase of the brain uptake index for L-ornithine in rats with hepatic encephalopathy (1994)

We measured the brain uptake index (BUI) for radiolabelled L-ornithine (ORN) in rats with acute hepatic encephalopathy (HE) induced by two (onset stage) or three (comatous stage) administrations of a hepatotoxin-thioacetamide (TAA). In the comatose group, an increase of the BUI to 275% of control was measured at 24 h post-treatment. In the onset group, the BUI for ORN increased gradually with time: it reached 220% of control at 7 days post-treatment and 442% of control at 21 days post-treatment. HE did not raise the BUI for a blood-brain barrier (BBB) non-penetrable amino acid L-aspartate (ASP), indicating that HE activates ORN transport but does not produce BBB leakage. ORN transport through BBB was not increased in rats with hyperammonemia comparable to that accompanying HE, but was induced without liver damage. Considering recent evidence that ORN acting intracerebrally ameliorates pathophysiological symptoms of HE, increased transport ORN across BBB should facilitate HE therapy based on systemic administration of this amino acid.
William C. Manion, M.D (1971)

William C. Manion, M.D. Lent C. Johnson Lent C. Johnson Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Washington, D. C. 20305 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 56, Issue 6, 1 December 1971, Pages 774–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/56.6.774 Published: 01 December 1971
Crystal structure of K6CrNb15O42 (1992)

Abstract K 6 CrNb 15 O 42 crystallizes in the hexagonal system with a =9.126 (3) Å, c =12.068(3) Å, V =870.4(5) Å 2 , and space group P 6 2 / mcm, Z =1. The structure was solved using direct method and Fourier Techniques. Of the 829 unique reflections measured by counter techniques, 448 with 1 ≥ 3σ( I ) were used in the least‐squares refinement of the model to R =0.034 ( R w =0.044). The structure of K 6 CrNb 15 O 42 may be described as consisting of corner‐shared and edge‐shared octahedra, the ring units composed of six octahedra of Nb(1) are corner‐shared one another along the c ‐axis to form hexagonal column octahedra chains which are connected by K + and octahedra of Nb(2).
Field studies on the potential of butanone, carbon dioxide, honey extract, l‐octen‐3‐ol, L‐lactic acid and phenols as attractants for mosquitoes* (1990)

Various combinations of six candidate attractants--butanone, carbon dioxide (CO2), honey, octenol, lactic acid and mixed phenols--were tested against natural populations of mosquitoes in Everglades National Park, Florida, U.S.A., using unlighted CDC-baited traps. With few exceptions, the attractancy of these candidate compounds to mosquitoes, when used alone, was less than that of CO2 alone. The exceptions were that octenol and honey extract alone attracted larger numbers of Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker). Addition of lactic acid and/or octenol to CO2 increased trap collections of Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann), Anopheles atropos D. & K., and An. crucians Wiedemann by 1.4-13.8 times. Culex nigripalpus Theobald collections were increased 2.7 times by the addition of lactic acid, while the addition of octenol produced mixed results. Whereas the addition of lactic acid reduced collections of Cx (Melanoconion) spp., the addition of octenol generally increased collections. The opposite happened for Wyeomyia mitchellii (Theobald). For the biting midge, Culicoides furens (poey), octenol (1.6-23.4 x ) and phenol (2.7 x ) alone attracted larger numbers, and lactic acid alone attracted approximately the same numbers as CO2 alone. The combinations octenol + phenol and octenol + 200 ml/min CO2 increased C. furens collections c. 100 times over CO2 alone. The combination of octenol + CO2 increased (1.6 x ) collections of the tabanid Diachlorus ferrugatus (Fabricius). Butanone appeared to decrease the trap collections of all species when combined with CO2 or octenol + CO2.
Separation and properties of human brain hexosaminidase C (1974)

Hexosaminidase C was separated from human brain supernatant by immunoadsorption of the A and B forms on to a column of immobilized antibody followed by preparative starch-block electrophoresis. There were some differences in the properties of hexosaminidase C preparations after each of these stages, shown by comparison of their heat-inactivation characteristics and filtration through Bio-Gel P-200. The C form prepared by both separation steps had properties which differed markedly from those of the A and B isoenzymes; its molecular weight was much larger, greater than 200000, it had optimum activity between pH6 and 7 and could not be successfully eluted from DEAE-cellulose, even with high salt concentrations, or from Sephadex G-200. These results seem to support the proposal that the C form is under a separate genetic control from the others.
Intracellular and extracellular changes of [Ca2+] in hypoxia and ischemia in rat brain in vivo. (1990)

Changes in intra- and extracellular free calcium concentration were evaluated with ion-selective microelectrodes during periods of anoxia and ischemia in three different regions of intact rat brain. Recordings stable for at least 2 min and in most cases for 4-6 min were chosen for analysis. Under normoxic conditions neuronal [Ca2+]i varied between less than 10(-8) and 10(-7) M from cell to cell but no systematic regional differences were observed. Elimination of O2 or interruption in blood flow caused, within 30-60 s, slight intracellular alkalinization followed by a small rise in [Ca2+]i, a mild degree of hyperpolarization, and disappearance of electrical activity in the cortex, in that order. It is postulated that a decline in cellular energy levels, as manifested by H+ uptake associated with creatine phosphate hydrolysis, leads to an increase in [Ca2+]i, which activates Ca2(+)-dependent K+ channels and consequently enhances gK. 2-4 min later there was a sudden, large rise in [K+]e, a fall in [Ca2+]e and a rapid elevation of [Ca2+]i. The magnitude of the latter was greatest in a high proportion of hippocampal neurons in area CA1 and some cortical cells, while it was smallest and relatively delayed in thalamic neurons. In the hippocampus area CA1 increases in [Ca2+]i to as much as 6-8 x 10(-4) were observed; some of these could be reversed when O2 or blood flow were restored to normal. Pretreatment of animals with ketamine and MK-801, antagonists of excitatory amino acid transmitters, markedly slowed and decreased the rises in [Ca2+]i. The effects of the two agents were most pronounced in the hippocampus. It is concluded that the receptor-operated channels are largely responsible for Ca2+ entry into certain cells during hypoxia/ischemia. This pathway may be of primary importance in parts of the hippocampus and cortex, regions of the brain that are particularly vulnerable to O2 deprivation and which receive high glutamatergic input and have an abundance of excitatory amino acid receptors.
Three-dimensional helical-scan computed tomography using cone-beam projections (1991)

In this paper, we propose an image reconstruction method and computed tomography (CT) equipment with high resolving power that generates three-dimensional CT images at a high speed. In the proposed method, an X-ray source that irradiates conical X-rays and a two-dimensional detector which consists of fan-beam detector arrays stacked in the direction of the object's axis rotate continuously at the same time the bed carrying the object translates in the visual field. This method is called a helical scan because the object is fixed and the X-rays move on a helix and the same measurement data are obtained. We have previously proposed a scanning method in which the X-ray source moves on a helix [4, 6]. However, the physical implementation of the previous proposal was difficult because it was assumed that the X-ray beam completely covers the object. In this paper, in order to solve this problem, the implementation of a helical scan is based on a practical model that combines continuous rotation of an X-ray source and a two-dimensional detector and translation of the object. We derive an approximate reconstruction method based on the convolution/back-projection method for fan-beam projections. We also perform simulation tests based on a model of the human head and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Poly(ethylene glycol) chemistry : biotechnical and biomedical applications (1992)

Introduction to Biotechnical and Biomedical Applications of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) J.M. Harris. Water Structure and PEG Solutions by DSC Measurement K.P. Antonsen, A.S. Hoffman. Molecular Simulation of Protein-PEG Interaction K. Lim, J.N. Herron. PEG Derivatized Ligands with Hydrophobic and Immunological Specificity D.E. Brooks, et al. Affinity Partitioning in PEG Containing TwoPhase Systems G. Johansson. Aqueous Two-Phase Partitioning on Industrial Scale F. Tjerneld. PEGModified Protein Hybrid Catalyst K. Yoshinaga, et al. PEGCouple Semisynthetic Oxidases T. Yomao, et al. Preparation and Properties of Monomethoxypoly(Ethylene Glycol)Modified Enzymes for Therapeutic Applications F.M. Veronese, et al. Suppression of Antibody Responses by Conjugates of Antigens and Monomethoxypoly(Ethylene Glycol) A. Sehon. 12 additional articles. Index.
美国新教——注重现实,展望未来 (1988)

美国宗教生活中的多元主义整个19世纪中叶,圣经的有神论强烈地影响着美国社会的各个方面,它无疑是基于教派主义信念并且是新教主义性质的。然而,美国的文化结构却包含了其他圣经传统,至少在这个时期,宗教与文化多元主义是被规定在这种圣经文化之内的。圣经的有神论提供的共同道德遗产并不意味着各种传统可以在美国文化中和睦相处,在主要的宗教传统中存在着一种教派分裂。19世纪反天主教主义和反犹主义曾流行一时,这种新教、天主教和犹太教传统的对立经常以地区、伦理和社会阶层的差异为基础,然而,就其所涉及的群体来说,对这种对立的理解几乎都是宗教意义上的。因此,19世纪中叶美国生活中的多元主义主要是围绕着宗教教义、教会会友构成的文化轴心运
N-Acetylglutamate synthase of Escherichia coli regulation of synthesis and activity by arginine. (1975)

N-Acetylglutamate synthase, the first enzyme of arginine biosynthesis, was stabilized in crude extracts from Escherichia coli. At 4 degrees the enzyme lost less than 5% of activity per day. L-Arginine repressed the formation of N-acetylglutamate synthase. Under conditions of genetic or physiological derepression, a specific activity of approximately 50 nmol per min per mg of protein was measured. No activity (i.e. less than 0.2 nmol per min per mg of protein) could be detected in extracts from cells grown under conditions of repression, whereas an intermediate level was found in cell cultivated on minimal medium. In a 6-fold purified preparation L-arginine inhibited the enzyme. Of 11 precursors and analogues of arginine tested only O-[L-norvalyl-5]-isourea inhibited N-acetylglutamate synthase as strongly as L-agrinine.
Specific binding to intracellular proteins determines arterial transport properties for rapamycin and paclitaxel (2004)

Endovascular drug-eluting stents have changed the practice of medicine, and yet it is unclear how they so dramatically reduce restenosis and how to distinguish between the different formulations available. Biological drug potency is not the sole determinant of biological effect. Physicochemical drug properties also play important roles. Historically, two classes of therapeutic compounds emerged: hydrophobic drugs, which are retained within tissue and have dramatic effects, and hydrophilic drugs, which are rapidly cleared and ineffective. Researchers are now questioning whether individual properties of different drugs beyond lipid avidity can further distinguish arterial transport and distribution. In bovine internal carotid segments, tissue-loading profiles for hydrophobic paclitaxel and rapamycin are indistinguishable, reaching load steady state after 2 days. Hydrophilic dextran reaches equilibrium in several hours at levels no higher than surrounding solution concentrations. Both paclitaxel and rapamycin bind to the artery at 30-40 times bulk concentration. Competitive binding assays confirm binding to specific tissue elements. Most importantly, transmural drug distribution profiles are markedly different for the two compounds, reflecting, perhaps, different modes of binding. Rapamycin, which binds specifically to FKBP12 binding protein, distributes evenly through the artery, whereas paclitaxel, which binds specifically to microtubules, remains primarily in the subintimal space. The data demonstrate that binding of rapamycin and paclitaxel to specific intracellular proteins plays an essential role in determining arterial transport and distribution and in distinguishing one compound from another. These results offer further insight into the mechanism of local drug delivery and the specific use of existing drug-eluting stent formulations.
Rate of reversal of hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria induced by vitamin D and its 1alpha-hydroxylated derivatives. (1977)

The rate of reversal of hypercalcaemia or hypercalciuria induced by calciferol, dihydrotachysterol, 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-alpha-OHD3), or 1-alpha, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1-alpha, 25-(OH)2D3) was measured in three normal subjects, two patients with osteoporosis, and 14 patients with disorders resistant to vitamin D. The half time for reversal after stopping 1-alpha, 25 (OH)2D3 was less than that after stopping 1-alpha-OHD3, calciferol, or dihydrotachysterol. The differences observed were independent of the dose given or length of treatment. When 1-alpha-OHD3 or 1-alpha-25-(OH)2D3 was stopped patients with vitamin D resistant states (hypoparathyroidism, renal tubular hypophosphataemia, or chronic renal failure) showed less rapid reversal of hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria than did normal subjects. These studies show one potential advantage of 1-alpha-25-(OH)2D3 over vitamin D, and possibly over 1-alpha-OHD3, in the management of vitamin D resistant states.
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 antagonizes the effects of retinoids in myeloid leukemia cells (2004)

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) can cause growth suppressive and proapoptotic effects on retinoids in many types of cancer cells. However, the expression and effects of IGFBP-3 in myeloid leukemia cells have not been elucidated. In this study, we found no IGFBP-3 expression in the human myeloid leukemia cell lines either at baseline or after stimulation with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Human recombinant IGFBP-3 induced growth arrest and apoptosis of HL-60 and NB4 cells. We have previously identified RXR alpha as a nuclear receptor for IGFBP-3 and have proceeded to examine further the role of this interaction in leukemia cell lines. In signaling assays, IGFBP-3 potently suppressed RAR- and VDR-mediated signaling while enhancing RXR signaling. Interestingly, when IGFBP-3 was administered to these cells in combination with an RAR-selective ligand, the ability of these retinoids to induce differentiation was blunted. On the other hand, IGFBP-3 enhanced the effect of an RXR-selective ligand to induce differentiation of HL-60 and NB4 cells. Further studies showed that IGFBP-3 down-regulated (at the transcriptional level) the retinoid-induced expression of C/EBP epsilon in NB4 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that IGFBP-3 has antiproliferative activity against myeloid leukemia cells; while it enhances signaling through RXR/RXR, it blunts signaling by activated RAR/RXR.
NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF DOGS WITH REOVIRUS, TYPE 1: PATHOGENICITY OF THE STRAIN FOR OTHER ANIMALS1 (1963)

Journal Article NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF DOGS WITH REOVIRUS, TYPE 1: PATHOGENICITY OF THE STRAIN FOR OTHER ANIMALS Get access T. Y. LOU, T. Y. LOU Hixon Memorial Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas City, Kansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. A. WENNER, H. A. WENNER Hixon Memorial Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas City, Kansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JANIS MCMILLEN JANIS MCMILLEN Hixon Memorial Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas City, Kansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 77, Issue 3, May 1963, Pages 293–304, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120320 Published: 01 May 1963 Article history Received: 14 January 1963 Published: 01 May 1963
Strategies for profiling MicroRNA expression (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNAs ( approximately 22-nt) that play an important role in the control of different cell processes by negative regulation of protein-coding genes. In the last several years, a number of miRNA profiling strategies have been used to document the miRNA expression changes during physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to developmental defects, cancer, neurological disorders, and heart diseases. Over 540 human miRNAs have been validated to date; however, computer models suggest there may be thousands more. As bench work continue to verify in silico predictions, miRNA profiling will remain a prominent tool for identification of differential expression miRNAs in normal cellular courses and human disorders. This review focuses on current strategies for miRNA expression profiling and discusses their sensitivity and specificity, as well as advantage and disadvantage.
Dual Function Glutamate-Related Ligands:  Discovery of a Novel, Potent Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Possessing mGluR3 Agonist Activity (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTDual Function Glutamate-Related Ligands: Discovery of a Novel, Potent Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Possessing mGluR3 Agonist ActivityFajun Nan, Tomasz Bzdega, Sergey Pshenichkin, Jarda T. Wroblewski, Barbara Wroblewska, Joseph H. Neale, and Alan P. KozikowskiView Author Information Drug Discovery Program, Georgetown Institute for Cognitive & Computational Sciences, and Departments of Pharmacology and Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007-2197 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43, 5, 772–774Publication Date (Web):February 10, 2000Publication History Received8 November 1999Published online10 February 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm9905559https://doi.org/10.1021/jm9905559rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views830Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Agonists,Inhibitors,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Expression of ZmLEC1 and ZmWRI1 Increases Seed Oil Production in Maize (2010)

Increasing seed oil production is a major goal for global agriculture to meet the strong demand for oil consumption by humans and for biodiesel production. Previous studies to increase oil synthesis in plants have focused mainly on manipulation of oil pathway genes. As an alternative to single-enzyme approaches, transcription factors provide an attractive solution for altering complex traits, with the caveat that transcription factors may face the challenge of undesirable pleiotropic effects. Here, we report that overexpression of maize (Zea mays) LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (ZmLEC1) increases seed oil by as much as 48% but reduces seed germination and leaf growth in maize. To uncouple oil increase from the undesirable agronomic traits, we identified a LEC1 downstream transcription factor, maize WRINKLED1 (ZmWRI1). Overexpression of ZmWRI1 results in an oil increase similar to overexpression of ZmLEC1 without affecting germination, seedling growth, or grain yield. These results emphasize the importance of field testing for developing a commercial high-oil product and highlight ZmWRI1 as a promising target for increasing oil production in crops.