gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An in‐vitro method for prediction of the digestible crude protein content in pig feeds (1990)

Abstract An in‐vitro method using commercially available enzymes for the prediction of the in‐vivo digestible crude protein content was developed and tested on seven feedstuffs and 16 diets for pigs. Fat‐extracted feed samples were consecutively incubated with pepsin at pH 1 and pancreatin at pH 6.8. From the nitrogen content of the feed sample and of the residue after incubation the in‐vitro digestibility of the crude protein was calculated. Using the linear regression of in‐vitro on in‐vivo digestible crude protein of samples obtained in feeding trials, the in‐vivo digestible crude protein content (DXP p ) in g kg −1 dry matter could be predicted. For feedstuffs and diets the correlation was 0.99 and 0.95 and the residual standard deviation 17 and 6 g kg −1 dry matter, respectively. In a similar procedure the nitrogen solubilised during incubation with enzymes was analysed. The regression value was similar to that of the original procedure. However, this procedure was abandoned because it was more laborious.
Content based Image Retrieval using Histogram, Color and Edge (2012)

Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a process to retrieve a stored image from database by supplying an image as query instead of text. This can be done by proper feature extraction and querying process. The features like histogram, color values and edge detection plays very vital role in proper image retrieval. Here we have implemented a method of image retrieval using the histogram, color and edge detection features. In this method we used image segmentation in order to get a better accuracy percentage and this proved itself a very successful approach. We used our own computation method as well as some Matlab functions. Canny"s edge detection technique and color values extraction after image segmentation gives a better accuracy level to our system. Finally we get top images matching to our query image using Euclidean Distance method.
Coexistence of Fast and Slow Myosin Isozymes in Human External Urethral Sphincter. A Preliminary Report (1987)

Human external urethral sphincter muscle was isolated for biochemical research. Myosin samples were prepared and pyrophosphate gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional electrophoresis were performed. Assignment in pyrophosphate gel of myosin isozymes of human external urethral sphincter was carried out by making comparisons with those from human rectus abdominis muscle. Myosin light chains in human external urethral sphincter were identified using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Human external urethral sphincter, similar to other voluntary muscles, is composed of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers, since fast and slow myosin components were shown in both pyrophosphate gel and two-dimensional electrophoretograms.
Nasal Vaccination,Escherichia coliEnterotoxin, and Bell's Palsy (2004)

In 1997, a Swiss Company (Berna Biotech) received approval to market an inactivated influenza vaccine for parenteral administration that consists of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase surface antigens of influenzavirus incorporated into liposomes. This virosome vaccine was subsequently used in the formulation of an influenzavirus vaccine for intranasal administration. To optimize both mucosal and systemic immune responses to the nasal vaccine, heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin, one of the most powerful mucosal adjuvants known, was included in the formulation. The clinical studies showed that clinically significant antibody responses to influenzavirus were elicited by this vaccine, as evidenced in both nasopharyngeal secretions and . . .
Analysis of ultra-reliable and low-latency 5G communication for a factory automation use case (2015)

The fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks is starting to be defined to meet the wireless connectivity demands for 2020 and beyond. One area that is considered increasingly important is the capability to provide ultra-reliable and low-latency communication, to enable e.g., new mission-critical machine-type communication use cases. One such example with extremely demanding requirements is the industrial automation with a need for ultra-low latency with a high degree of determinism. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility, requirements and design challenges of an OFDM based 5G radio interface that is suitable for mission-critical MTC. The discussion is further accompanied with system-level performance evaluations that are carried out for a factory hall-wide automation scenario with two different floor layouts.
Moderating Effects of Need for Cognition on Responses to Positively versus Negatively Framed Advertising Messages (1999)

Abstract A 2 × 2 × 2 experimental study was conducted to investigate the moderating effect of consumer individual differences in need for cognition (NFC) and source credibility on the processing of framed advertising messages. The authors used a student sample (n = 160) and three dependent variables: product attractiveness, willingness to purchase, and perceived performance. Results indicate NFC influenced the strength of framed messages and source credibility effects in consumer responses to ad messages. Specifically, the message framing effect was more salient for low- NFC subjects than high- NFC subjects. Further, low- NFC subjects were influenced more by the negatively framed messages than by the positively framed messages. Although the hypothesized source credibility main effect did not materialize, low- NFC subjects responded the least favorably to messages presented by non-expert sources. Other findings and implications are discussed.
Single lobe operation of a 40-element laser array in an external ring laser cavity (1987)

Single lobe operation of a 40-element GaAlAs gain guided coupled stripe array emitting 500 mW cw is obtained in an external ring laser cavity. The cavity arrangement is equivalent to self-injection locking of the array by its own output, which is first spatially filtered by a single mode fiber. Diffraction-limited lobe width of 0.13° and single mode operation are demonstrated with a 90 mW single mode fiber output.
Low-dislocation-density GaN from a single growth on a textured substrate (2000)

The density of threading dislocations (TD) in GaN grown directly on flat sapphire substrates is typically greater than 109/cm2. The density of dislocations can be decreased by orders of magnitude using cantilever epitaxy, which employs pre-patterned sapphire substrates to provide reduced-dimension mesa regions for nucleation and etched trenches between them for suspended lateral growth of GaN or AlGaN. The substrate is pre-patterned with narrow lines and etched to a depth that permits coalescence of laterally growing III–N nucleated on the mesa surfaces before vertical growth fills the etched trench. Low-dislocation densities typical of epitaxial lateral overgrowth are obtained in the cantilever regions and the TD density is also reduced up to 1 μm from the edge of the support regions.
Carbon Monoxide Controls the Proliferation of Hypoxic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1997)

Excess vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and contractility are key events in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders induced by hypoxia. We have recently reported that carbon monoxide (CO), produced by VSMC under conditions of hypoxia, can be a modulator of cGMP levels in both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In this respect, some of the physiologic effects of CO in the vasculature parallel those of nitric oxide (NO), a well characterized regulator of vascular tone. We report here that under hypoxia, VSMC-derived CO is an important regulator of VSMC proliferation. Inhibiting CO formation or scavenging CO with hemoglobin increased VSMC proliferation in response to serum or to mitogens such as endothelin, whereas increasing CO production or exposing cells to exogenous CO lead to a markedly attenuated growth response. The effects of CO on VSMC proliferation correlated with changes in E2F-1 expression, the prototype member of a family of transcription factors that participate in the control of cell cycle progression. CO significantly suppressed E2F-1 expression, whereas, removal of CO from the cultures with hemoglobin lead to increased E2F-1 gene transcription, mRNA, and protein production as well as mRNA levels of c-myc, a target gene of E2F-1. Moreover, the actions of CO were mediated by the second messenger molecule, cGMP. Limiting VSMC growth by increasing the release of CO may represent a key event in the body's compensatory responses to hypoxia.
Time-Lapse Monitoring of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) of Heavy Oil using Multi-Transient Electro-Magnetics (MTEM) (2007)

Seismic monitoring is an established technology to optimize reservoir drainage in new and existing fields. However its applicability is limited to high porosity reservoirs and light, low bulk modulus hydrocarbon fluids. Hence, seismic cannot accurately characterize the heavy oil saturation in situ, but can easily detect the reservoir quality rock volumes occupied by live steam. Seismic can then show the volume occupied by live steam but not the residual saturation, nor where the remaining oil is located. Multi-transient electro-magnetic (MTEM) is a new technology that shows promise to characterize in situ reserves followed by monitoring steam saturation, temperature and residual oil saturation during SAGD production.
Expression of HER2/erbB-2 Correlates With Survival in Osteosarcoma (1999)

The correlation of HER2/erbB-2 expression with histologic response to preoperative chemotherapy and event-free survival in this study suggests that HER2/erbB-2 should be evaluated prospectively as a prognostic indicator. The correlation also suggests that clinical trials of antibodies that target this receptor, such as recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (Herceptin; Genentech, San Francisco, CA), should be considered for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Cue (1965)

Cue Get access A. A., A. A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Poets' Corner Poets' Corner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 178, 27 May 1865, Pages 427–428, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.178.427h Published: 27 May 1965
Experimental validation of metabolic pathway modeling (2008)

In the search for new drug targets in the human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, metabolic control analysis was applied to determine, experimentally, flux control distribution of amebal glycolysis. The first (hexokinase, hexose-6-phosphate isomerase, pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PP(i)-PFK), aldolase and triose-phosphate isomerase) and final (3-phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and pyruvate phosphate dikinase) glycolytic segments were reconstituted in vitro with recombinant enzymes under near-physiological conditions of pH, temperature and enzyme proportion. Flux control was determined by titrating flux with each enzyme component. In parallel, both glycolytic segments were also modeled by using the rate equations and kinetic parameters previously determined. Because the flux control distribution predicted by modeling and that determined by reconstitution were not similar, kinetic interactions among all the reconstituted components were experimentally revised to unravel the causes of the discrepancy. For the final segment, it was found that 3-phosphoglycerate was a weakly competitive inhibitor of enolase, whereas PP(i) was a moderate inhibitor of 3-phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase. For the first segment, PP(i) was both a strong inhibitor of aldolase and a nonessential mixed-type activator of amebal hexokinase; in addition, lower V(max) values for hexose-6-phosphate isomerase, PP(i)-PFK and aldolase were induced by PP(i) or ATP inhibition. It should be noted that PP(i) and other metabolites were absent from the 3-phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase or aldolase and hexokinase kinetics experiments, but present in reconstitution experiments. Only by incorporating these modifications in the rate equations, modeling predicted values of flux control distribution, flux rate and metabolite concentrations similar to those experimentally determined. The experimentally validated segment models allowed 'in silico experimentation' to be carried out, which is not easy to achieve in in vivo or in vitro systems. The results predicted a nonsignificant effect on flux rate and flux control distribution by adding parallel routes (pyruvate kinase for the final segment and ATP-dependent PFK for the first segment), because of the much lower activity of these enzymes in the ameba. Furthermore, modeling predicted full flux-control by 3-phosphoglycerate mutase and hexokinase, in the presence of low physiological substrate and product concentrations. It is concluded that the combination of in vitro pathway reconstitution with modeling and enzyme kinetics experimentation permits a more comprehensive understanding of the pathway behavior and control properties.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 5‐(l‐Menthyloxy)‐3,4‐dibromo‐2(5H)‐ furanone (III) and Its Tandem Asymmetric Michael Addition‐Elimination Reaction. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The role of knowledge in discourse comprehension: A construction-integration model. (1988)

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses data concerning the time course of word identification in a discourse context. A simulation of arithmetic word-problem understanding provides a plausible account for some well-known phenomena. The current theories use representations with several mutually constraining layers. There is typically a linguistic level of representation, conceptual levels to represent both the local and global meaning and structure of a text, and a level at which the text itself has lost its individuality and its information content. Knowledge provides part of the context within which a discourse interpreted. The integration phase is the price the model pays for the necessary flexibility in the construction process.
Identification of oxidized proteins in rat plasma using avidin chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (2008)

The objective in much of the proteomics literature today is to establish the difference between healthy and disease states at the protein level using blood plasma. A critical component in this endeavor is to establish what is normal. The focus of the work reported here was to do this with oxidized proteins that might relate to oxidative stress and oxidative stress-related diseases. Oxidative stress is known to increase markedly in cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Since proteins are one of the targets of ROS, generated by oxidative stress, oxidized proteins are excellent biomarker candidates for these diseases. But first it is necessary to identify oxidized proteins that occur in the healthy state. Healthy rat plasma was used in this study as a source for the identification of naturally oxidized proteins. Freshly drawn blood was treated with biotin hydrazide to selectively derivatize carbonyl groups in oxidized proteins. Oxidized proteins thus biotinylated were separated from the other plasma proteins using avidin affinity chromatography. Affinity selected proteins were further fractionated on a C(8) RP column and fractions collected. The collected fractions were then tryptic digested and the peptides identified using a combination of LC/MS/MS and database searches. One hundred forty-six proteins were identified using 700 signature peptides from the tryptic digested chromatographic fractions. The most frequently encountered proteins in the samples were keratins. Brain and liver were among the organs contributing the most oxidized proteins to plasma followed by heart and kidney.
Enhancement of Antibodies to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope by Using the Molecular Adjuvant C3d (2003)

DNA vaccines expressing the envelope (Env) protein of the human immunodeficiency virus have been relatively ineffective at generating high-titer, long-lasting, neutralizing antibodies in a variety of animal models. In this study, the murine and human homologues of the complement component, C3d, were used in a DNA vaccine to enhance the titers of antibody to Env. Initially, plasmids expressing a secreted form of Env (sgp120) fused to one, two, or three copies of the murine homologue of C3d (mC3d) were constructed. Mice were inoculated with four vaccinations of DNA or two DNA vaccinations, followed by two boosts of affinity-purified gp120 protein. Analyses of titers demonstrated that multiple copies of mC3d coupled to sgp120 induced long-lasting, high-titer anti-Env antibody. Priming mice with sgp120-mC3d-DNA, followed by inoculation of purified gp120 protein, elicited the strongest antibody titers; however, the avidity maturation of the antibody was accelerated in the mice inoculated with sgp120-mC3d(3)-DNA. In addition, DNAs expressing sgp120 fused to three copies of the human homologue of C3d (hC3d(3)) efficiently enhanced the anti-Env antibody in rabbits. Lastly, antisera from both mice and rabbits vaccinated with DNA expressing sgp120-C3d(3) elicited higher titers of neutralizing antibody than did nonfused forms of Env. These results indicate that C3d, conjugated to sgp120, enhances the antibody responses to Env compared to non-C3d fused forms of Env, and this approach may be one way to overcome the poor ability of DNA vaccines to generate antibodies to Env.
The evolving management of migraine (2003)

New drugs expand the spectrum of migraine treatment both for the acute attack and for prevention.
Peripheral nerve stimulation for pain relief using a multicontact electrode system (1979)

✓ A new electrode system for peripheral nerve stimulation is described. The electrodes are directly sutured to the nerve, eliminating rotational and compressive effects associated with cuff electrodes.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-activated Anthrax Lethal Toxin Demonstrates High Potency in Targeting Tumor Vasculature (2007)

Anthrax lethal toxin (LT), a virulence factor secreted by Bacillus anthracis, is selectively toxic to human melanomas with the BRAF V600E activating mutation because of its proteolytic activities toward the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MEKs). To develop LT variants with lower in vivo toxicity and high tumor specificity, and therefore greater potential for clinical use, we generated a mutated LT that requires activation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This engineered toxin was less toxic than wild-type LT to mice because of the limited expression of MMPs by normal cells. Moreover, the systemically administered toxin produced greater anti-tumor effects than wild-type LT toward human xenografted tumors. This was shown to result from its greater bioavailability, a consequence of the limited uptake and clearance of the modified toxin by normal cells. Furthermore, the MMP-activated LT had very potent anti-tumor activity not only to human melanomas containing the BRAF mutation but also to other tumor types, including lung and colon carcinomas regardless of their BRAF status. Tumor histology and in vivo angiogenesis assays showed that this anti-tumor activity is due largely to the indirect targeting of tumor vasculature and angiogenic processes. Thus, even tumors genetically deficient in anthrax toxin receptors were still susceptible to the toxin therapy in vivo. Moreover, the modified toxin also displayed lower immunogenicity compared with the wild-type toxin. All these properties suggest that this MMP-activated anti-tumor toxin has potential for use in cancer therapy.
Sweat Ethanol Concentrations are Highly Correlated with Co‐Existing Blood Values in Humans (1999)

This study compared the concentration of ethanol, both absolute and relative to water content, in sweat and blood. Ten male volunteers consumed approximately 13 mmol (kg body weight)-1 of ethanol. Blood and sweat samples were collected approximately 1, 2 and 3 h following ingestion. Sweat was collected following pilocarpine iontophoresis using an anaerobic technique that prevented ethanol evaporation. In addition, the water content of sweat and blood samples was determined. The correlation between sweat and blood ethanol, expressed in mmol l-1, was r = 0.98. The slope of the relationship was 0.81. When corrected for the water content in each sample, and expressed as mmoles per litre of water, the correlation remained very high (r = 0.97) while the slope increased to 1.01. These results suggest that rapid and complete equilibrium of ethanol occurs across the sweat gland epithelium.
The hydrogenases of Geobacter sulfurreducens: a comparative genomic perspective (2005)

The hydrogenase content of the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a member of the family Geobacteraceae within the delta-subdivision of the Proteobacteria, was examined and found to be distinct from that of Desulfovibrio species, another family of delta-Proteobacteria on which extensive research concerning hydrogen metabolism has been conducted. Four [NiFe]-hydrogenases are encoded in the G. sulfurreducens genome: two periplasmically oriented, membrane-bound hydrogenases, Hya and Hyb, and two cytoplasmic hydrogenases, Mvh and Hox. None of these [NiFe]-hydrogenases has a counterpart in Desulfovibrio species. Furthermore, the large and small subunits of Mvh and Hox appear to be related to archaeal and cyanobacterial hydrogenases, respectively. Clusters encoding [Fe]-hydrogenases and periplasmic [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases, which are commonly found in the genomes of Desulfovibrio species, are not present in the genome of G. sulfurreducens. Hydrogen-evolving Ech hydrogenases, which are present in the genomes of at least two Desulfovibrio species, were also absent from the G. sulfurreducens genome, despite the fact that G. sulfurreducens is capable of hydrogen production. Instead, the G. sulfurreducens genome contained a cluster encoding a multimeric Ech hydrogenase related (Ehr) complex that was similar in content to operons encoding Ech hydrogenases, but did not appear to encode a hydrogenase. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the G. sulfurreducens ehr cluster is part of a family of related clusters found in both the Archaea and Bacteria.
PALLOC: DRAM bank-aware memory allocator for performance isolation on multicore platforms (2014)

DRAM consists of multiple resources called banks that can be accessed in parallel and independently maintain state information. In Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) multicore platforms, banks are typically shared among all cores, even though programs running on the cores do not share memory space. In this situation, memory performance is highly unpredictable due to contention in the shared banks. In this paper, we propose PALLOC, a DRAM bank-aware memory allocator which exploits the page-based virtual memory system to allocate memory pages of each application to specific banks. With PALLOC, we can dynamically partition banks to avoid bank sharing among cores, thereby improving isolation on COTS multicore platforms without requiring any special hardware support. We performed an extensive set of experiments to investigate the performance impact of DRAM bank partitioning on two COTS multicore platforms with a set of synthetic and SPEC2006 benchmarks. Our evaluation results demonstrate that DRAM bank partitioning significantly improves isolation and real-time performance.