gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computertomographische Densitometrie des menschlichen Blutes. Einfluß auf das Absorptionsverhalten von parenchymatösen Organen und Ergußbildungen* (1979)

In vitro measurements of human blood with varying haemoglobin and plasma concentrations have shown a linear relationship between haemoglobin concentrations and attenuation values. A change of haemoglobin content of 1 g/100 ml. blood produced and equivalent density change of 1.5 HU. Attenuation of normal blood is between 55 to 75 HU, that of plasma about 33 HU. Transudates with a protein concentration of less than 5 g/100 ml. show an attenuation value of less than 26 HU. It is therefore possible to indicate the presence of effusions by computer tomography. The effect of the composition of the blood on the attenuation produced by parenchymatous organs is discussed. It is concluded that attenuation values of organs is not seriously affected by even severe haematological changes.
A separate and restore approach to score-informed music decomposition (2015)

Our goal is to improve the perceptual quality of signal components extracted in the context of music source separation. Specifically, we focus on decomposing polyphonic, mono-timbral piano recordings into the sound events that correspond to the individual notes of the underlying composition. Our separation technique is based on score-informed Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) that has been proposed in earlier works as an effective means to enforce a musically meaningful decomposition of piano music. However, the method still has certain shortcomings for complex mixtures where the tones strongly overlap in frequency and time. As the main contribution of this paper, we propose a restoration stage based on refined Wiener filter masks to score-informed NMF. Our idea is to introduce notewise soft masks created from a dictionary of perfectly isolated piano tones, which are then adapted to match the timbre of the target components. A basic experiment with mixtures of piano tones shows improvements of our novel reconstruction method with regard to perceptually motivated separation quality metrics. A second experiment with more complex piano recordings shows that further investigations into the concept are necessary for real-world applicability.
Photonic transport networks based on optical paths (1995)

Abstract This paper explores the technologies that will enable a further leap forward in transport network evolution. First, requirements of the future transport network are elucidated. Existing network cost is evaluated and the viable means to reduce transport network cost are identified. It is demonstrated that optical path technologies such as WP (wavelength path) and VWP (virtual wavelength path) will play a key role in this. They enhance not only transmission capacity but also cross‐connect node throughput cost‐effectively by capitalizing on the wavelength routeing scheme. Optical path realization technologies focusing on optical path cross‐connect systems are examined. Requirements for the optical path cross‐connect system are then elucidated, and a new cross‐connect system architecture is evaluated. The architecture exploits PLC (planar lightwave circuit) and other commercially available technologies suitable for large‐scale production. The evaluations include cross‐connect node upgradability, modular growth capability, total node cost, optical loss and switching power consumption. It is proved that the architecture has significant advantages over existing switch architectures. The optical path technologies provided in this paper will pave the way for a new transport network paradigm, a ubiquitous, bandwidth‐abundant and affordable broadband ISDN.
In VitroandIn VivoAntitumor Effect of Anti-CD33 Chimeric Receptor-Expressing EBV-CTL againstCD33+Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2012)

Genetic engineering of T cells with chimeric T-cell receptors (CARs) is an attractive strategy to treat malignancies. It extends the range of antigens for adoptive T-cell immunotherapy, and major mechanisms of tumor escape are bypassed. With this strategy we redirected immune responses towards the CD33 antigen to target acute myeloid leukemia. To improve in vivo T-cell persistence, we modified human Epstein Barr Virus-(EBV-) specific cytotoxic T cells with an anti-CD33.CAR. Genetically modified T cells displayed EBV and HLA-unrestricted CD33 bispecificity in vitro. In addition, though showing a myeloablative activity, they did not irreversibly impair the clonogenic potential of normal CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitors. Moreover, after intravenous administration into CD33(+) human acute myeloid leukemia-bearing NOD-SCID mice, anti-CD33-EBV-specific T cells reached the tumor sites exerting antitumor activity in vivo. In conclusion, targeting CD33 by CAR-modified EBV-specific T cells may provide additional therapeutic benefit to AML patients as compared to conventional chemotherapy or transplantation regimens alone.
Elasticity-Dependent Modulation of TGF-β Responses in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells (2011)

ECM elasticity modulates TGF-β-induced signaling and protein expression in human TM cells. Non-Smad signaling contributes to TGF-β-induced alterations. Increasing ECM elasticity in vitro promotes protein expression patterns reminiscent of patterns reported in primary open-angle glaucoma. Therefore, changes in TM elasticity and mechanical load may have a significant role in primary open-angle glaucoma.
Staphyloferrin A: a structurally new siderophore from staphylococci (1990)

Two ferric ion-binding compounds, designated staphyloferrin A and B, were detected in the culture filtrates of staphylococci grown under iron-deficient conditions. Staphyloferrin A was isolated from cultures of Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459. The structural elucidation of this highly hydrophilic, acid-labile compound revealed a novel siderophore, N2,N5-di-(1-oxo-3-hydroxy-3,4-dicarboxybutyl)-D-ornithine, which consists of one ornithine and two citric acid residues linked by two amide bonds. The two citric acid components of staphyloferrin A provide two tridentate pendant ligands, comprising of a beta-hydroxy, beta-carboxy-substituted carboxylic acid derivative, for octahedral metal chelation. The CD spectrum of the staphyloferrin A ferric complex indicates a predominant A configuration about the ferric ion center. The uptake of ferric staphyloferrin A by S. hyicus obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Km = 0.246 microM; vmax = 82 pmol.mg-1.min-1), indicating active transport of this siderophore. The staphyloferrin A transport system is different from that of the ferrioxamines as shown by an antagonism test. Production of staphyloferrin A is strongly iron-dependent and is stimulated by supplementation of the medium with either D- or L-ornithine. DL-[5-14C]ornithine was incorporated into staphyloferrin A, demonstrating that ornithine is an intermediate in staphyloferrin A biosynthesis.
The Immunogenicity and Immunomodulatory Function of Osteogenic Cells Differentiated from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2006)

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are reported to be immunoprivileged as well as immunosuppressive. Hence, they are ideal candidates for allogeneic transplantation to induce regeneration of diseased tissues and organs. However, it is not known whether MSC would retain their immunoprivileged and immunomodulatory properties after differentiating into the local cell types of the transplantation site. This study sought to investigate this question with a novel New Zealand White rabbit osteogenesis model. Results showed that osteogenic cells differentiated from MSC (DOC) in vitro did not express the MHC class II molecule, were incapable of inducing allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte culture or generating CTL, were inhibitory in ongoing lymphocyte proliferation, and secreted anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-beta). There was a significantly higher secretion of IL-10 by DOC than that by MSC, while there was no significant difference between the TGF-beta secretion of MSC and DOC in vitro. However, after IFN-gamma treatment, TGF-beta secretion by DOC significantly decreased despite the increased production by MSC. Four weeks after local DOC implantation, despite MHC class II expression, second-set allogeneic skin rejection showed similar survival to first-set allogeneic skin rejection and DOC appeared to function as osteoblasts. In conclusion, DOC retained their immunoprivileged and immunomodulatory properties in vitro, but the latter was lost following transplantation.
Approach for Calibration of Digital Camera Distortion Based on Non-Control Field (2010)

This paper proposes and demonstrates an approach based on the vanishing point theory for calibration of non-metric camera lens distortion. Images in this paper are photographed by Cannon-5d-35mm non-metric camera. The distortion correction by 3D control field, 2D Control field and non-control field method respectively are studied experimentally. The results show that radial distortion plays an important role in optical distortion. The effects of radial distortion correction by the above mentioned methods are close to one another, and also prove the feasibility of calibration of non-metric camera distortion based on non-control field.
The Anodization of Si in an RF Plasma (1973)

The anodization of Si in a 1 MHz oxygen plasma is described. In‐situ film thickness measurements were made using a single angle "s" light reflectance technique and this data, coupled with information on the variation of sample voltage with thickness, was used to determine the dependence of ionic current on oxide field strength. The data for a given oxide thickness could be described by an equation of the form given by the theory of ionic conduction by a thermally activated, field‐assisted process. However, the ionic current and, in paticular, the oxide field strength were dependent on oxide thickness. MOS C‐V measurements on oxides of different thickness indicated a change in flatband voltage that could be attributed to a progressive build‐up of positive charge within the oxide. This space charge could be reduced by a low temperature annealing treatment. The oxides were found to be slightly absorbing optically, to have a relative permittivity in the range 3.5–3.9, and to possess good insulation properties as long as the oxide thickness did not exceed about 2500â.
The role of TNF-<em>α</em> inhibitor in glioma virotherapy: A mathematical model (2016)

Virotherapy, using herpes simplex virus, represents a promising therapy of glioma. But the innate immune response, which includes TNF-α produced by macrophages, reduces the effectiveness of the treatment. Hence treatment with TNF-α inhibitor may increase the effectiveness of the virotherapy. In the present paper we develop a mathematical model that includes continuous infusion of the virus in combination with TNF-α inhibitor. We study the efficacy of the treatment under different combinations of the two drugs for different scenarios of the burst size of newly formed virus emerging from dying infected cancer cells. The model may serve as a first step toward developing an optimal strategy for the treatment of glioma by the combination of TNF-α inhibitor and oncolytic virus injection.
Novel splice donor site mutation in the cardiac myosin-binding protein-C gene in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Characterization Of cardiac transcript and protein. (1997)

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease generally believed to be caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins. In a family with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy linked to polymorphic markers on chromosome 11, we found a new mutation of a splice donor site of the cardiac myosin-binding protein-C gene. This mutation causes the skipping of the associated exon in mRNA from lymphocytes and myocardium. Skipping of the exon with a consecutive reading frame shift leads to premature termination of translation and is thus expected to produce a truncated cardiac myosin-binding protein-C with loss of the myosin- and titin-binding COOH terminus. However, Western blot analysis of endomyocardial biopsies from histologically affected left ventricular myocardium failed to show the expected truncated protein. These data show for the first time that a splice donor site mutation in the myosin-binding protein-C gene is transcribed to cardiac mRNA. Truncated cardiac myosin-binding protein-C does not act as a "poison polypeptide," since it seems not to be incorporated into the sarcomere in significant amounts. The absence of mutant protein and of significantly reduced amounts of wild-type protein in the presence of the mutated mRNA argues against the "poison protein" and the "null allele" hypotheses and suggests yet unknown mechanisms relevant to the genesis of chromosome-11- associated familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Enantioselective synthesis through microbial oxidation of arenes. 1. Efficient preparation of terpene and prostanoid synthons (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantioselective synthesis through microbial oxidation of arenes. 1. Efficient preparation of terpene and prostanoid synthonsTomas. Hudlicky, Hector. Luna, Graciela. Barbieri, and Lawrence D. KwartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 14, 4735–4741Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00222a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00222a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1239Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The M1/M4 preferring agonist xanomeline is analgesic in rodent models of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain via central site of action (2011)

The role of muscarinic receptor subtype-1 (M1) in chronic pain is unclear. In an attempt to gain an understanding of its role, we have tested xanomeline, an M1/M4-preferring agonist, together with nonselective (scopolamine and pirenzepine), and selective (MT-7 and MT-3) muscarinic receptor (M1 and M4, respectively) antagonists in a number of inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Xanomeline potently and effectively reversed tactile allodynia and heat hyperalgesia associated with established neuropathic and inflammatory pain in both rat and mouse models. Scopolamine and pirenzepine completely blocked the analgesic response to xanomeline, confirming that the analgesic effect is mediated by the muscarinic system. The highly selective M1 receptor toxin, MT-7, almost completely abolished the analgesic response to xanomeline when administered supraspinally. However, the highly selective M4 receptor toxin, MT-3, only marginally reversed the analgesia when given supraspinally, and had no effect when given spinally. In conclusion, the data presented show that the nonselective muscarinic agonist xanomeline is analgesic in models of persistent pain and suggest that the activation of supraspinal M1 receptors, and to a lesser extent supraspinal M4 receptors, contributes to that analgesia.
Complex effects of flavopiridol on the expression of primary response genes (2012)

We have shown that certain PRGs are transcribed in the presence of FVP in a manner that might be independent of CDK9, suggesting a possible alternative mechanism for their transcription when P-TEFb kinase activity is pharmacologically inhibited. These results also show that the sensitivity to FVP is quite variable, even among PRGs.
Improving the antidepressant efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation: maximizing the number of stimulations and treatment location in treatment-resistant depression (2011)

The total number of rTMS stimulations needed to achieve remission in TRD may be higher than is used in most studies. TRD patients who do not respond to fast left rTMS may remit to slow right rTMS or additional rTMS stimulations.
Carbon Nanotube-Based High Temperature Vacuum Microelectronics for E&P Applications (2012)

Abstract Field emission from carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles has been applied to develop new class of computational vacuum microelectronics for harsh environment applications. CNTs have demonstrated superior field emission performance because of their low emission threshold, high current density, and are conducive for monolithic integration with silicon structures to develop microelectronic/microsensor systems. In this paper we present high-temperature tolerant "digital" vacuum electronics using CNTs. This technology is applicable to in situ sensor electronics for down-hole applications where the operating environment is high temperature, high pressure, and has corrosive chemicals. The digital and analog electronic devices developed using CNT-vacuum microelectronic technology can be integrated with sensor systems to achieve prolonged stand-alone operation during E&amp;P. NASA-JPL has developed high performance cold cathodes using arrays of carbon nanotube bundles that produce &amp;gt; 15 A/cm2 at applied fields of 6 to 8 V/μm. They have exhibited robust operation in poor vacuums of 10‒7 to 10‒4 Torr-a typically achievable range inside hermetically sealed microcavities. By monolithically integrating CNT cathodes with micromachined Si multi-gate structures we have demonstrated a new class of programmable "vacuum" logic gates. We have achieved switching operation at temperatures up to 700° C. The initial design, operation, and the potential performance in an improved design will be presented in this paper along with vacuum packaging techniques to make stand alone devices for circuit board integration. CNT-vacuum microelectronics opens up a new regime of in situ electronics for novel sensor/electronics systems because of their inherent high-temperature tolerance, and corrosion resistance. Unlike traditional vacuum tubes, these are low power, miniature, and potentially as fast as their solid-state counterparts while exhibiting superior reverse bias or leakage current characteristics. These devices offer potential to significantly enhance E&amp;P operation.
Demethylation of MAGE promoters during gastric cancer progression (2004)

Melanoma antigen (MAGE)-encoding genes are expressed in various tumour types via demethylation of their promoter CpG islands, which are silent in all non-neoplastic tissues except for the testis and placenta. The clinicopathological significance of demethylation of MAGE genes in gastric carcinoma is not known. We investigated the promoter methylation status of MAGE-A1 and -A3 in 10 gastric cancer cell lines and in surgical specimens from 84 gastric cancer patients by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Expression of MAGE-A1 and -A3 in the 10 gastric cancer cell lines was also investigated by RT-PCR. Any correlation between the methylation status of the MAGE promoters and clinicopathological characteristics of the gastric cancer patients was then assessed. Eight of the 10 gastric cancer cell lines showed demethylation of both MAGE-A1 and -A3, and the remaining two cell lines did either of MAGE-A1 or -A3. Expression of MAGE-A1 and -A3 was confirmed in seven and nine of the 10 gastric cancer cell lines, respectively. The MAGE-A1 and -A3 promoters were demethylated in 29% (25 out of 84) and 66% (56 out of 84) of the gastric tumour specimens, respectively. Demethylation of both MAGE-A1 and -A3 promoters (n=22) was found more frequently in gastric cancer patients in advanced clinical stages (P=0.0035), and these patients also exhibited a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis (P=0.0007) compared to those patients without demethylation (n=25). Furthermore, demethylation patients tended to have a worse prognosis, although this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.183). Demethylation of MAGE-A1 and -A3 occurs during progressive stages of gastric cancer, and may be associated with aggressive biological behaviour of gastric cancer.
An outbreak of diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from Escherichia coli O157:H7 in fresh-pressed apple cider (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —<i>Esherichia coli</i>O157:H7 causes hemorrhagic colitis and the hemolytic uremic syndrome. In the fall of 1991, an outbreak of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infections in southeastern Massachusetts provided an opportunity to identify transmission by a seemingly unlikely vehicle. <h3>Design.</h3> —Case-control study to determine the vehicle of infection. New England cider producers were surveyed to assess production practices and determined the survival time of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 organisms in apple cider. <h3>Results.</h3> —Illness was significantly associated with drinking one brand of apple cider. Thirteen (72%) of 18 patients but only 16 (33%) of 49 controls reported drinking apple cider in the week before illness began (odds ratio [OR], 8.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8 to 39.7). Among those who drank cider, 12 (92%) of 13 patients compared with two (13%) of 16 controls drank cider from cider mill A (lower 95% CI, 2.9;<i>P</i>&lt;.01). This mill pressed cider in a manner similar to that used by other small cider producers: apples were not washed, cider was not pasteurized, and no preservatives were added. In the laboratory,<i>E coli</i>O1 57:H7 organisms survived for 20 days in unpreserved refrigerated apple cider. Addition of sodium benzoate 0.1% reduced survival to less than 7 days. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Fresh-pressed, unpreserved apple cider can transmit<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 organisms, which cause severe infections. Risk of transmission can be reduced by washing and brushing apples before pressing, and preserving cider with sodium benzoate. Consumers can reduce their risk by only drinking cider made from apples that have been washed and brushed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:2217-2220)
Blood Transfusions, Thrombosis, and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Cancer (2008)

Both RBC and platelet transfusions are associated with increased risks of venous and arterial thrombotic events and mortality in hospitalized patients with cancer. Further investigation is necessary to determine whether this relationship is causal.
Cyclin D1 in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis (2005)

Taking a perspective on available evidence that emphasizes relevance to human disease, cyclin D1 is solidly established as an oncogene with an important pathogenetic role in breast cancer and other human tumors. However, the precise cellular mechanisms through which aberrant cyclin D1 expression drives human neoplasia are less well established. Indeed, emerging evidence suggests that cyclin D1 might act, predominantly or at least in part, through pathways that do not involve its widely accepted function as a cell cycle regulator. Although therapeutic exploitation of the role of cyclin D1 as a molecular driver of breast cancer carries great promise, it is also suggested that direct targeting of the cyclin D1 gene or gene products may prove more successful than approaches that rely on arguably incomplete knowledge of the oncogenic mechanisms of cyclin D1.