gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability of Iron from Purple Laver (Porphyra spp.) Estimated in a Rat Hemoglobin Regeneration Bioassay (2000)

Laver belongs to the genius of Porphyra and is the most valuable seaweed in the aqua-culture industry. It contains higher iron than many other plant foods. The bioavailability of iron from laver was evaluated in a rat hemoglobin regeneration assay. Reagent-grade ferrous sulfate was used as the reference standard, and the relative biological value (RBV) for laver was expressed as a percentage of the response to ferrous sulfate. RBV was calculated by two methods: slope-ratio and ratio of hemoglobin regeneration efficiency, and both yielded RBV of 26 for laver. Amount of available iron from laver estimated from RBV was comparable to many iron-fortified foods.
Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Solid Tumor: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature (2012)

Although some modest bias cannot be excluded, high density of TAM seems to be associated with worse OS in patients with gastric cancer, urogenital cancer and head and neck cancer, with better OS in patients with colorectal cancer.
Vildagliptin: clinical trials programme in monotherapy and combination therapy for type 2 diabetes (2008)

As part of an extensive clinical development programme in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), vildagliptin 50 mg once daily and twice daily, and 100 mg once daily have been assessed in placebo-controlled and, more importantly, in head-to-head active-comparator monotherapy trials over a wide range of baseline HbA1c levels and in a large number of elderly patients. Notable findings in individual trials included: comparable HbA1c lowering over 24 weeks with 100 mg once daily or 50 mg twice daily; efficacy comparable to rosiglitazone with reduced risk of weight gain and oedema over 24 weeks; and durable glycaemic control for up to 2 years with a reduced frequency of gastrointestinal adverse events compared with metformin. Pooled monotherapy data indicate that vildagliptin 100 mg daily produces consistent and clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c across a range of initial HbA1c levels, in patients with lower and greater body mass index, and in younger and older patients. To date, the safety/tolerability profile seems comparable to placebo with neutral effects on body weight and lipid profiles, and minimal risk of hypoglycaemia. A preliminary study in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance showed that vildagliptin 50 mg once daily enhanced islet cell function, reduced glycaemic excursions and was very well tolerated, paving the way for a future trial in diabetes prevention. Vildagliptin has also been extensively studied in multiple clinical scenarios as add-on combination therapy in patients with inadequate glycaemic control on metformin, thiazolidinedione, sulfonylurea and insulin treatment, and has consistently been shown to improve glycaemic control with good tolerability and low risk for hypoglycaemia. In a trial in patients receiving metformin, the addition of vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily resulted in a 1.1% reduction in HbA1c at 24 weeks. Compared with add-on pioglitazone 30 mg daily in patients inadequately controlled with ongoing metformin therapy, vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily reduced HbA1c by 0.9% vs. 1.0% and was not associated with weight gain (+0.3 kg vs. +1.9 kg) over 24 weeks. Most notably, vildagliptin plus pioglitazone as initial combination therapy in drug-naive patients resulted in robust HbA1c reductions of 1.9% from baseline. In patients receiving stable insulin therapy, vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily improved glycaemic control and was associated with a significant reduction in hypoglycaemic episodes over 24 weeks. Vildagliptin shows considerable promise as a partner for metformin and other commonly used oral antidiabetic agents, and may well play an important role in combination with insulin therapy to further improve glycaemic control.
Systems analysis of plant cell wall degradation by the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa (2009)

The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is a model laboratory organism, but in nature is commonly found growing on dead plant material, particularly grasses. Using functional genomics resources available for N. crassa, which include a near-full genome deletion strain set and whole genome microarrays, we undertook a system-wide analysis of plant cell wall and cellulose degradation. We identified approximately 770 genes that showed expression differences when N. crassa was cultured on ground Miscanthus stems as a sole carbon source. An overlap set of 114 genes was identified from expression analysis of N. crassa grown on pure cellulose. Functional annotation of up-regulated genes showed enrichment for proteins predicted to be involved in plant cell wall degradation, but also many genes encoding proteins of unknown function. As a complement to expression data, the secretome associated with N. crassa growth on Miscanthus and cellulose was determined using a shotgun proteomics approach. Over 50 proteins were identified, including 10 of the 23 predicted N. crassa cellulases. Strains containing deletions in genes encoding 16 proteins detected in both the microarray and mass spectrometry experiments were analyzed for phenotypic changes during growth on crystalline cellulose and for cellulase activity. While growth of some of the deletion strains on cellulose was severely diminished, other deletion strains produced higher levels of extracellular proteins that showed increased cellulase activity. These results show that the powerful tools available in N. crassa allow for a comprehensive system level understanding of plant cell wall degradation mechanisms used by a ubiquitous filamentous fungus.
Altered microRNA profiles in cerebrospinal fluid exosome in Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease (2015)

The differential diagnosis of Parkinson's diseases (PD) is challenging, especially in the early stages of the disease. We developed a microRNA profiling strategy for exosomal miRNAs isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in PD and AD. Sixteen exosomal miRNAs were up regulated and 11 miRNAs were under regulated significantly in PD CSF when compared with those in healthy controls (relative fold > 2, p < 0.05). MiR-1 and miR-19b-3p were validated and significantly reduced in independent samples. While miR-153, miR-409-3p, miR-10a-5p, and let-7g-3p were significantly over expressed in PD CSF exosome. Bioinformatic analysis by DIANA-mirPath demonstrated that Neurotrophin signaling, mTOR signaling, Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, Dopaminergic synapse, and Glutamatergic synapse were the most prominent pathways enriched in quantiles with PD miRNA patterns. Messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts [amyloid precursor protein (APP), α-synuclein (α-syn), Tau, neurofilament light gene (NF-L), DJ-1/PARK7, Fractalkine and Neurosin] and long non-coding RNAs (RP11-462G22.1 and PCA3) were differentially expressed in CSF exosomes in PD and AD patients. These data demonstrated that CSF exosomal RNA molecules are reliable biomarkers with fair robustness in regard to specificity and sensitivity in differentiating PD from healthy and diseased (AD) controls.
Prediction of the Coding Sequences of Unidentified Human Genes. VI. The Coding Sequences of 80 New Genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) Deduced by Analysis of cDNA Clones from Cell Line KG-1 and Brain (1996)

In this series of projects of sequencing human cDNA clones which correspond to relatively long and nearly full-length transcripts, we newly determined the sequences of 80 clones, and predicted the coding sequences of the corresponding genes, named KIAA0201 to KIAA0280. Among the sequenced clones, 68 were obtained from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1 and 12 from human brain. The average size of the clones was 5.3 kb, and that of distinct ORFs in clones was 2.8 kb, corresponding to a protein of approximately 100 kDa. Computer search against the public databases indicated that the sequences of 22 genes were unrelated to any reported genes, while the remaining 58 genes carried sequences which show some similarities to known genes. Protein motifs that matched those in the PROSITE motif database were found in 25 genes and significant transmembrane domains were identified in 30 genes. Among the known genes to which significant similarity was shown, the genes that play key roles in regulation of developmental stages, apoptosis and cell-to-cell interaction were included. Taking into account of both the search data on sequence similarity and protein motifs, at least seven genes were considered to be related to transcriptional regulation and six genes to signal transduction. When the expression profiles of the cDNA clones were examined with different human tissues, about half of the clones from brain (5 of 11) showed significant tissue-specificity, while approximately 80% of the genes from KG-1 were expressed ubiquitously.
Assessment of the Validity of Nuclear-Localized Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 in Circulating Tumor Cells as a Predictive Biomarker for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2018)

This study suggests that nuclear-localized AR-V7 protein in circulating tumor cells can identify patients who may live longer with taxane chemotherapy vs ARS inhibitor treatment.
A class of distributions which includes the normal ones (1985)

On introduit une nouvelle classe de fonctions de densite dependant du parametre de forme λ, telles que λ=0 corresponde a la densite normale standard
Epitope Mapping and Topology of Baculovirus-Expressed HIV-1 gp160 Determined with a Panel of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies (1994)

To define protein folding patterns of HIV-1 Env subunit vaccines, we have isolated a set of 30 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant gp160 vaccine (rgp160) expressed in a baculovirus system. This article describes epitope mapping for the MAb panel and topology of the epitopes for rgp160 and a recombinant gp120 (rgp120) also expressed in a baculovirus system. The following results are reported: (1) rgp160 harbors a minimum of 4 antigenic domains, 3 mapping to the C1, C2, and C3/V4 regions of gp120 and 1 mapping to the cytoplasmic tail of gp41; (2) there are at least 3 adjacent or overlapping epitopes in each antigenic domain; (3) a minimum of 14 independent epitopes were mapped, all of which are continuous sites; (4) each of the epitopes is exposed on rgp160 without prior manipulation of the protein; and (5) by contrast, 6 of the 8 epitopes mapping to the C1, C2, and C3/V4 regions are not exposed on rgp120, but become exposed when the protein is denatured. Taken together, these results show that rgp160 and rgp120 are folded differently, illustrating the use of this MAb panel to compare epitope topographies of recombination HIV-1 Env proteins. This MAb panel may aid in the refinement of HIV-1 Env subunit vaccines.
Photophysical investigation of starburst dendrimers and their interactions with anionic and cationic surfactants (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotophysical investigation of starburst dendrimers and their interactions with anionic and cationic surfactantsGabriella Caminati, Nicholas J. Turro, and Donald A. TomaliaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 23, 8515–8522Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00179a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00179a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views781Altmetric-Citations212LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The amino acid sequences of the myelin-associated glycoproteins: homology to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily (1987)

The myelin associated glycoproteins (MAG) are integral plasma membrane proteins which are found in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells and are believed to mediate the axonal-glial interactions of myelination. In this paper we demonstrate the existence in central nervous system myelin of two MAG polypeptides with Mrs of 67,000 and 72,000 that we have designated small MAG (S-MAG) and large MAG (L-MAG), respectively. The complete amino acid sequence of L-MAG and a partial amino acid sequence of S-MAG have been deduced from the nucleotide sequences of corresponding cDNA clones isolated from a lambda gt11 rat brain expression library. Based on their amino acid sequences, we predict that both proteins have an identical membrane spanning segment and a large extracellular domain. The putative extracellular region contains an Arg-Gly-Asp sequence that may be involved in the interaction of these proteins with the axon. The extracellular portion of L-MAG also contains five segments of internal homology that resemble immunoglobulin domains, and are strikingly homologous to similar domains of the neural cell adhesion molecule and other members of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. In addition, the two MAG proteins differ in the extent of their cytoplasmically disposed segments and appear to be the products of alternatively spliced mRNAs. Of considerable interest is the finding that the cytoplasmic domain of L-MAG, but not of S-MAG, contains an amino acid sequence that resembles the autophosphorylation site of the epidermal growth factor receptor.
Profiling the IgOme: Meeting the challenge (2013)

The entire repertoire of antibodies in our serum, the IgOme, is a historical record of our past experiences and a reflection of our immune status at any given moment. Understanding the dynamics of the IgOme and how the diversity and specificities of serum antibodies change in response to disease and maintenance of homeostasis can directly impact the ability to design and develop novel vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics. Here we review both direct and indirect methodologies that are being developed to map the complexity and specificities of the antibodies in polyclonal serum - the IgOme.
Intestinal absorption of amino acids and peptides (1972)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.
Obesity, Diabetes, and Gut Microbiota (2010)

The connection between gut microbiota and energy homeostasis and inflammation and its role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related disorders are increasingly recognized. Animals models of obesity connect an altered microbiota composition to the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes in the host through several mechanisms: increased energy harvest from the diet, altered fatty acid metabolism and composition in adipose tissue and liver, modulation of gut peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 secretion, activation of the lipopolysaccharide toll-like receptor-4 axis, and modulation of intestinal barrier integrity by GLP-2. Instrumental for gut microbiota manipulation is the understanding of mechanisms regulating gut microbiota composition. Several factors shape the gut microflora during infancy: mode of delivery, type of infant feeding, hospitalization, and prematurity. Furthermore, the key importance of antibiotic use and dietary nutrient composition are increasingly recognized. The role of the Western diet in promoting an obesogenic gut microbiota is being confirmation in subjects. Following encouraging results in animals, several short-term randomized controlled trials showed the benefit of prebiotics and probiotics on insulin sensitivity, inflammatory markers, postprandial incretins, and glucose tolerance. Future research is needed to unravel the hormonal, immunomodulatory, and metabolic mechanisms underlying microbe-microbe and microbiota-host interactions and the specific genes that determine the health benefit derived from probiotics. While awaiting further randomized trials assessing long-term safety and benefits on clinical end points, a healthy lifestyle--including breast lactation, appropriate antibiotic use, and the avoidance of excessive dietary fat intake--may ensure a friendly gut microbiota and positively affect prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders.
Screening of herbal extracts for activation of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. (2006)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors play a pivotal role in metazoan lipid and glucose homeostasis. Synthetic activators of PPARalpha (fibrates) and PPARgamma (glitazones) are therefore widely used for treatment of dislipidemia and diabetes, respectively. There is growing evidence for herbal compounds to influence nuclear receptor signalling e.g. the PPARs. We recently reported carnosic acid and carnosol, both being diterpenes found in the labiate herbs sage and rosemary, to be activators of PPARgamma. The subsequent screening of a variety of ethanolic extracts, obtained from traditionally used herbs, for PPAR activation, led to an exceptionally high hit rate. Among 52 extracts nearly the half significantly activated PPARgamma and 14 activated PPARalpha in addition, whereas three of them were pan-PPAR activators, which also activated PPARdelta. The most active extracts, for which a concentration dependent effect could be shown, were the extracts of Alisma plantago aquatica (ze xie/european waterplantain), Catharanthus roseus (madagascar periwinkle), Acorus calamus (sweet calamus), Euphorbia balsamifera (balsam spurge), Jatropha curcas (barbados nut), Origanum majorana (marjoram), Zea mays (corn silk), Capsicum frutescens (chilli) and Urtica dioica (stinging nettle). The results of the present study provide a possible rationale for the traditional use of many herbs as antidiabetics.
The Liquid Sensor Using Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator with C‐Axis Tilted AlN Films (2013)

Dual‐mode thin film bulk acoustic resonator (TFBAR) devices are fabricated with c‐axis tilted AlN films. To fabricate dual‐mode TFBAR devices, the off‐axis RF magnetron sputtering method for the growth of tilted piezoelectric AlN thin films is adopted. In this report, the AlN thin films are deposited with tilting angles of 15° and 23°. The frequency response of the TFBAR device with 23° tilted AlN thin film is measured to reveal its ability to provide dual‐mode resonance. The sensitivities of the longitudinal and shear modes to mass loading are calculated to be 2295 Hz cm 2 /ng and 1363 Hz cm 2 /ng with the mechanical quality factors of 480 and 287, respectively. The sensitivities of the longitudinal and shear modes are calculated to be 0 and 15 Hz cm 2 / μ g for liquid loading.
Product and company news (1999)

Research Article| March 01 1999 Product and company news Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (1999) 48 (2): xvi–xvii. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.1999.7 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Product and company news. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 March 1999; 48 (2): xvi–xvii. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.1999.7 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 1999 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
New therapeutic options for metastatic malignant insulinomas (2011)

Insulinomas are the most common, functioning, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. The great majority (>90%) of insulinomas are nonmetastatic at presentation and can be surgically cured. The <10% patients with distant (liver-bone) metastases have a median survival of < 2 years. Everolimus and sunitinib have been recently introduced as targeted therapies for metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. An additional advantage of everolimus in the treatment of patients with metastatic insulinomas is its capability to increase blood glucose levels. Peptide receptor radiotherapy using radiolabelled somatostatin analogues has also been shown to be successful in controlling tumour growth of metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. In patients with metastatic insulinomas, this therapeutic modality was also effective in controlling hypoglycaemia, even in the presence of tumour regrowth. With the introduction of these new therapeutic modalities, the therapeutic arsenal for the 'tailor-made' approach of patients with metastatic insulinomas is further expanded.
Multiplexed gene synthesis in emulsions for exploring protein functional landscapes (2018)

Improving our ability to construct and functionally characterize DNA sequences would broadly accelerate progress in biology. Here, we introduce DropSynth, a scalable, low-cost method to build thousands of defined gene-length constructs in a pooled (multiplexed) manner. DropSynth uses a library of barcoded beads that pull down the oligonucleotides necessary for a gene's assembly, which are then processed and assembled in water-in-oil emulsions. We used DropSynth to successfully build more than 7000 synthetic genes that encode phylogenetically diverse homologs of two essential genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> We tested the ability of phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase homologs to complement a knockout <i>E. coli</i> strain in multiplex, revealing core functional motifs and reasons underlying homolog incompatibility. DropSynth coupled with multiplexed functional assays allows us to rationally explore sequence-function relationships at an unprecedented scale.
Transferrin-polycation-mediated introduction of DNA into human leukemic cells: stimulation by agents that affect the survival of transfected DNA or modulate transferrin receptor levels. (1990)

We have subverted a receptor-mediated endocytosis event to transport genes into human leukemic cells. By coupling the natural iron-delivery protein transferrin to the DNA-binding polycations polylysine or protamine, we have created protein conjugates that bind nucleic acids and carry them into the cell during the normal transferrin cycle [Wagner, E., Zenke, M., Cotten, M., Beug, H. & Birnstiel, M. L. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 3410-3414]. We demonstrate here that this procedure is useful for a human leukemic cell line. We enhanced the rate of gene delivery by (i) increasing the transferrin receptor density through treatment of the cells with the cell-permeable iron chelator desferrioxamine, (ii) interfering with the synthesis of heme with succinyl acetone treatment, or (iii) stimulating the degradation of heme with cobalt chloride treatment. Consistent with gene delivery as an endocytosis event, we show that the subsequent expression in K-562 cells of a gene included in the transported DNA depends upon the cellular presence of the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine. By contrast, monensin blocks "transferrinfection," as does incubation of the cells at 18 degrees C.