gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multispectral synthesis of daylight using a commercial digital CCD camera (2005)

Performance of multispectral devices in recovering spectral data has been intensively investigated in some applications, as in spectral characterization of art paintings, but has received little attention in the context of spectral characterization of natural illumination. This study investigated the quality of the spectral estimation of daylight-type illuminants using a commercial digital CCD camera and a set of broadband colored filters. Several recovery algorithms that did not need information about spectral sensitivities of the camera sensors nor eigenvectors to describe the spectra were tested. Tests were carried out both with virtual data, using simulated camera responses, and real data obtained from real measurements. It was found that it is possible to recover daylight spectra with high spectral and colorimetric accuracy with a reduced number of three to nine spectral bands.
STUDIES ON THE CHEMISTRY OF HETEROCYCLICS. IX. REDUCTION OF THIENYL NITROÖLEFINS WITH LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE1 (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTUDIES ON THE CHEMISTRY OF HETEROCYCLICS. IX. REDUCTION OF THIENYL NITROÖLEFINS WITH LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE1R. T. GILSDORF and F. F. NORDCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1950, 15, 4, 807–811Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01150a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01150a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Androgen receptor mediates the reduced tumor growth, enhanced androgen responsiveness, and selected target gene transactivation in a human prostate cancer cell line. (2001)

The growth and development of the prostate gland are regulated by the androgen and the androgen receptor (AR). Despite our molecular understanding of the roles of the AR regulating; a downstream target gene transcription, the direct or indirect (stromally mediated) actions of the androgen in controlling prostate cell growth and differentiation are still unclear. In this report, an invasive; and metastatic human prostate tumor cell line, androgen-repressed human prostate cancer cell line (ARCaP), either transduced with wild-type human AR (hAR) or a control neomycin-resistant plasmid DNA, was used to evaluate the direct role of AR in regulating prostate tumor cell growth and gene transcription. Results showed that: (a) introduction of wild-type hAR to ARCaP cells restored positive androgen regulation of prostate tumor cell growth in vitro through an enhanced cell-cycle progression from G(0)/G(1) to S and G(2)-M phases; (b) hAR was shown to transactivate glucocorticoid-responsive element but not prostate-specific antigen promoter-directed reporter gene expression; and (c) hAR-transduced ARCaP cells exhibited reduced growth, invasion, and migratory behavior in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. These results suggest that the introduction of hAR into the invasive human prostate cancer ARCaP cell line restored its androgen-regulated cell growth, decreased the rate of tumor growth, and selectively activated AR target gene expression. These cellular functions in response to androgen are commonly associated with increased differentiation of prostate epithelial cells.
Airborne Scanning Spectrometer for Remote Sensing of Cloud, Aerosol, Water Vapor, and Surface Properties (1996)

An airborne scanning spectrometer was developed for measuring reflected solar and emitted thermal radiation in 50 narrowband channels between 0.55 and 14.2 µm. The instrument provides multispectral images of outgoing radiation for purposes of developing and validating algorithms for the remote sensing of cloud, aerosol, water vapor, and surface properties from space. The spectrometer scans a swath width of 37 km, perpendicular to the aircraft flight track, with a 2.5-mrad instantaneous field of view. Images are thereby produced with a spatial resolution of 50 m at nadir from a nominal aircraft altitude of 20 km. Nineteen of the spectral bands correspond closely to comparable bands on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), a facility instrument being developed for the Earth Observing System to be launched in the late 1990s. This paper describes the optical, mechanical, electrical, and data acquisition system design of the MODIS Airborne Simulator and presents some early results obtained from measurements acquired aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ER-2 aircraft that illustrate the performance and quality of the data produced by this instrument.
Delineation of genomic deletion in cardiomyopathic hamster (1999)

Cardiomyopathic hamster is a representative animal model for autosomal recessive cardiomyopathy. We have previously shown that the transcript of delta-sarcoglycan is missing in the heart of cardiomyopathic hamster due to genomic deletion. Here we define the normal genomic region deleted in cardiomyopathic hamster, which spans about 30 kb interval and includes the two first exons of the delta-sarcoglycan gene. RNA blot analysis using genomic DNA fragments covering the entire deletion as probes failed to detect any transcript other than delta-sarcoglycan in normal hamster heart, suggesting that delta-sarcoglycan is the only transcript defective in the heart of cardiomyopathic hamster.
Regulation of expression of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) gene by products of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early genes. (1994)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients, can itself alter immune function. It has previously been shown that HCMV immediate early (IE) gene products regulate the IL-1 beta promoter. The purpose of these studies was to determine whether HCMV IE gene products regulate expression of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) gene. THP-1 cells, a myelomonocytic cell line, were transfected with a plasmid containing one or more of the HCMV IE genes downstream of the HCMV major immediate early promoter, or with a control plasmid. IL-1 beta and IL-1ra protein secretion was evaluated by ELISA, and expression of the mRNA for the cytokines was examined by means of Northern blot analysis. The HCMV IE1+2 gene products were found to increase expression of the mRNA for both IL-1 beta and IL-1ra; however, only the IL-1ra protein was released in increased amounts. The individual HCMV IE gene products had different effects on expression of the IL-1ra gene; the HCMV IE1 gene product down-regulated expression of the IL-1ra gene, whereas the IE2 gene product up-regulated expression of the IL-1ra gene. Thus, HCMV IE gene products can either up-regulate or down-regulate expression of the IL-1ra gene, depending on which IE genes are expressed in monocytes-macrophages. This study adds to the understanding of how HCMV can alter immune function during both active and latent infection.
Rapid Protein Depletion in Human Cells by Auxin-Inducible Degron Tagging with Short Homology Donors (2016)

Studying the role of essential proteins is dependent upon a method for rapid inactivation, in order to study the immediate phenotypic consequences. Auxin-inducible degron (AID) technology allows rapid depletion of proteins in animal cells and fungi, but its application to human cells has been limited by the difficulties of tagging endogenous proteins. We have developed a simple and scalable CRISPR/Cas-based method to tag endogenous proteins in human HCT116 and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by using donor constructs that harbor synthetic short homology arms. Using a combination of AID tagging with CRISPR/Cas, we have generated conditional alleles of essential nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins in HCT116 cells, which can then be depleted very rapidly after the addition of auxin to the culture medium. This approach should greatly facilitate the functional analysis of essential proteins, particularly those of previously unknown function.
Group B Streptococcus (1986)

Over the past 25 years group B streptococci have become established as one of the main bacterial pathogens of the neonate in Western Europe and the United States. The attack rate of 0.25/1,000 live births found by Mayon White in Great Britain1 appears typical of many European countries. However, in some centers in the United States attack rates can be over 10 times higher. Two types of neonatal group B streptococcus (GBS) diseases exist, “early” and “late” onset. Early onset disease usually presents within the first few days of life. Often the most serious infections are present at birth or seen within a few hours. Early onset disease presents with pneumonia, respiratory distress and shock. Bacteremia is normally present and meningitis may occur. Mortality is high (50% to 75%). The portal of entry is probably the respiratory tract. Infants normally acquire the infecting organism from their mothers. Heavy maternal and infant colonization, prolonged rupture of membranes, prematurity, and obstetric complications are all risk factors. Delayed onset disease, as its name suggests, presents after the first week of life, primarily with bacteremia and meningitis. Mortality is much lower than for the early onset form, but still appreciable for a bacterial infection (14% to 18%). Its epidemiology is uncertain.
Bioconjugation of Peptides by Palladium-Catalyzed C−C Cross-Coupling in Water (1998)

The abiotic, regioselective conjugation of peptides and proteins with non-proteinogenic structural elements requires mild and fast coupling reactions which are compatible with an aqueous reaction medium and orthogonal in their reactivity with all other functional groups in the protein. Sonogashira coupling with a palladium-guanidinophosphane catalyst that is prepared in situ (see reaction on the right) complies with these demands.
Use of theory in computer-based interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review (2016)

Given the importance of theory in guiding interventions, greater emphasis on the selection and application of theory is needed. The classification system used in this review offers a guiding framework for reporting how theory based principles can be applied to computer based interventions.
Reducing cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a message from the National Diabetes Education Program. (2003)

Cardiovascular disease is responsible for 65 percent of deaths in persons with type 2 diabetes. However, awareness of cardiovascular disease risk factors among patients with diabetes remains low, resulting in missed opportunities to lower risks for coronary events and strokes. The National Diabetes Education Program has begun a campaign to increase patient participation in risk-reduction practice s by promoting the "ABCs" of diabetes care: A(1c) level, Blood pressure, and Cholesterol level. By increasing patient awareness of the link between diabetes and heart disease, family physicians can encourage patients to take medications (including aspirin), stop smoking, lower blood pressure, and lower cholesterol and blood glucose levels.
Role of the neutrophil leucocyte in the local and systemic reactions during experimentally induced e.coli mastitis in cows immediately after calving (1994)

Mammary leucocytes are the major contributors to natural defence against mastitis after a microorganism has entered the gland. This paper reviews the role of the neutrophil granulocyte during acute coliform mastitis in cows in the periparturient period. Qualitative and quantitative aspects of several neutrophil cell functions before and during experimentally induced infections are briefly discussed.
Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome (2014)

As immune-based therapies for cancer become potent, more effective, and more widely available, optimal management of their unique toxicities becomes increasingly important. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a potentially life-threatening toxicity that has been observed following administration of natural and bispecific antibodies and, more recently, following adoptive T-cell therapies for cancer. CRS is associated with elevated circulating levels of several cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon γ, and uncontrolled studies demonstrate that immunosuppression using tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, with or without corticosteroids, can reverse the syndrome. However, because early and aggressive immunosuppression could limit the efficacy of the immunotherapy, current approaches seek to limit administration of immunosuppressive therapy to patients at risk for life-threatening consequences of the syndrome. This report presents a novel system to grade the severity of CRS in individual patients and a treatment algorithm for management of CRS based on severity. The goal of our approach is to maximize the chance for therapeutic benefit from the immunotherapy while minimizing the risk for life threatening complications of CRS.
Separation of very large DNA molecules by gel electrophoresis (1978)

Very large DNA molecules were separated by electrophoresis in horizontal slab gels of dilute agarose. Conditions of electrophoresis were developed using intact DNA molecules from the bacterial viruses lambda, T4 and G. Their DNAs have molecular weights (M) of 32 million, 120 million, and 500 million, respectively. Several electrophoresis conditions were found which give sufficiently high mobilities and large differences that these DNAs are separated in a short time. Electrophoresis in 0.1% agarose at 2.5 V/cm of gel length separates T4 and lambda DNAs by 2.0 cm, and G and T4 DNAs by 1.0 cm in only 10 hr. With some conditions DNA mobilities are directly proportional to log M for M values from 10 to 500 million. The procedures used will allow rapid molecular weight determination and separation of very large DNA molecules.
Entre la escuela y la Identidad Femenina: Un pretexto para hablar de los nuevos Horizontes del Sujeto (2003)

Este texto plantea a la mujer como eje de la reflexion de la escuela, el estado y la identidad en el campo del conocimiento contemporaneo
Developmentally regulated expression of a cell surface protein, neuropilin, in the mouse nervous system (1996)

Neuropilin (previously A5) is a cell surface glycoprotein that was originally identified in Xenopus tadpole nervous tissues. In Xenopus, neuropilin is expressed on both the presynaptic and postsynaptic elements in the visual and general somatic sensory systems, suggesting a role in neuronal cell recognition. In this study, we identified a mouse homologue of neuropilin and examined its expression in developing mouse nervous tissues. cDNA cloning and sequencing revealed that the primary structure of the mouse neuropilin was highly similar to that of Xenopus and that the extracellular segment of the molecule possessed several motifs that were expected to be involved in cell-cell interaction. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization analyses in mice indicated that the expression of neuropilin was restricted to particular neuron circuits. Neuropilin protein was localized on axons but not on the somata of neurons. The expression of neuropilin persisted through the time when axons were actively growing to form neuronal connections. These observations suggest that neuropilin is involved in growth, fasciculation, and targeting for a particular groups of axons.
Refold and Characterization of Recombinant Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Expressed in Escherichia coli (1994)

Human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) was expressed in E. coli as a non-glycosylated protein with an additional alanine attached to the aminoterminus of the wild type molecule. High-level expression was obtained with pMON6875, a plasmid containing a tac promoter, Gene 10 leader from bacteriophage T7, methionine-alanine-TFPI coding sequence, and the p22 transcriptional terminator. In this system, TFPI accounted for about 5-10% of the total cell protein. The inclusion bodies containing. TFPI were sulfitolyzed, purified by anion-exchange chromatography, refolded through a disulfide interchange reaction, and further fractionated by Mono S cation exchange chromatography. The Mono S resin resolved a peak of highly active TFPI from relatively inactive and possibly misfolded molecules. The E. coli TFPI was shown to be about two-fold more active, on a molar basis, than full-length human SK hepatoma TFPI in a tissue factor-induced clotting assay in human plasma.
Experimental Demonstration of Enhanced Index of Refraction via Quantum Coherence in Rb (1996)

We present a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating a resonant enhancement of the index of refraction accompanied by vanishing absorption in a cell containing a coherently prepared Rb vapor. The results are in good agreement with detailed theoretical predictions.
Excited state proton transfer of a metal complex: determination of the acid dissociation constant for a metal-to-ligand charge transfer state of a ruthenium(II) complex (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcited state proton transfer of a metal complex: determination of the acid dissociation constant for a metal-to-ligand charge transfer state of a ruthenium(II) complexPaul J. Giordano, C. Randolph Bock, Mark S. Wrighton, Leonard V. Interrante, and Raymond F. X. WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 9, 3187–3189Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00451a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00451a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views710Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Over-expression of a functionally active human GM2-activator protein in Escherichia coli (1993)

The cDNA of the human GM2-activator protein was cloned into the expression vector pHX17. The plasmid encodes a fusion protein with a hexahistidine tail and a Factor Xa cleavage site at its N-terminus. The recombinant protein was purified from cell homogenates under denaturing conditions by metal-ion affinity chromatography in a single step and then was refolded. The hexahistidine tail could be removed when desired by digestion with Factor Xa. In a functional assay, the GM2-activator thus generated from Escherichia coli and renatured, with or without the hexahistidine tail, was as active as the native GM2-activator protein that was purified from human tissue. When added to the culture medium, the recombinant carbohydrate-free GM2-activator, carrying the hexahistidine tail, could be taken up efficiently and restored the degradation of ganglioside GM2 to normal rates in mutant fibroblasts with the AB variant of GM2-gangliosidosis, which is characterized by a genetic defect in the GM2-activator protein. The prokaryotic expression system is useful for producing milligram quantities of a pure and functionally active GM2-activator.
Studies of fluorinated pyrimidines. XV. Inhibition of the incorporation of formate-C14 into DNA thymine of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate and related compounds. (1962)

Summary The inhibition of the incorporation of formate into DNA thymine by 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine-5′-monophosphate (FUDRP) and related compounds was studied in suspensions of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in vitro . On a molar basis FUDRP was a less effective inhibitor than 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine (FUDR). Esterification of the phosphate group of FUDRP decreased the inhibitory activity further. 5-Fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine-5′-triphosphate and polymers of FUDRP inhibited the incorporation slightly more than an equimolar quantity of FUDRP. The ribonucleoside and ribonucleotides of 5-fluorouracil and polymers of 5-fluorouridine-5′-monophosphate were less active inhibitors than FUDRP. Dinucleoside monophosphates of fluorinated pyrimidines were also less effective inhibitors than FUDRP. 5-Fluoro-2′-deoxycytidine was a better inhibitor of this process than FUDR. β-d-Arabinosyl-5-fluorouracil, 3′,5′-diacetyl-5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, 3′-acetyl-5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, 5′-trityl-5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine and N-[5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine-5′-phosphoro]-l-alanine did not inhibit the incorporation of formate-C 14 into DNA thymine of Ehrlich ascites cells to any significant extent. The probable significance of these findings is discussed.
Structure and Function of Human and Murine Receptors for IgG (1988)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Boron-10 Loaded BC523A Liquid Scintillator for Neutron Detection in the Border Monitoring (2008)

A BC523A liquid scintillator loaded with boron-10 was tested as a detector for both fast and thermal neutrons. A pulse shape discrimination (PSD) method based on a zero-crossing principle was applied to distinguish between neutron and gamma radiation. High quantum efficiency Photonis XP5500B photomultiplier was used to enhance light detection from the scintillator. This allowed a good registration of the energy spectrum of neutron capture events on boron-10, corresponding to about 60 keV gamma-rays. The applied PSD method proved to be useful for n/gamma discrimination. A good resolving power of the method was achieved even without gating on neutron capture events. A comparison with a standard BC501A liquid scintillator was done to evaluate thermal neutrons detection efficiency in BC523A.