gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling Multimodal Human–Robot Interaction for the Karlsruhe Humanoid Robot (2007)

In this paper, we present our work in building technologies for natural multimodal human-robot interaction. We present our systems for spontaneous speech recognition, multimodal dialogue processing, and visual perception of a user, which includes localization, tracking, and identification of the user, recognition of pointing gestures, as well as the recognition of a person's head orientation. Each of the components is described in the paper and experimental results are presented. We also present several experiments on multimodal human-robot interaction, such as interaction using speech and gestures, the automatic determination of the addressee during human-human-robot interaction, as well on interactive learning of dialogue strategies. The work and the components presented here constitute the core building blocks for audiovisual perception of humans and multimodal human-robot interaction used for the humanoid robot developed within the German research project (Sonderforschungsbereich) on humanoid cooperative robots.
A Scalable Synthesis of (R)-3,5-Dihydro-4H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1‘2‘-e]azepine (2003)

Environmentally benign scalable procedures are developed to supply enantiomerically pure (R)-3,5-dihydro-4H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1‘2‘-e]azepine 1 as its hydrogen oxalate salt in a five-step overall yield of 41%, which consist of the following: (1) bis O-triflation of (R)-1,1‘-bi-2-naphthol 8 [(CF3SO2)2O, pyridine, PhMe; quantitative yield]; (2) Kumada's cross-coupling [MeMgI, NiCl2(dppp), tert-BuOMe; 96% yield]; (3) radical bromination [N-bromosuccinimide, 2,2‘-azobisisobutyronitrile, cyclohexane; 54% yield]; (4) cyclization [allylamine, Et3N, THF, 86%]; (5) N-deallylation [1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, Pd(OAc)2, Ph3P, PhMe] followed by crystalline salt formation with oxalic acid (overall 92% yield).
Novel Transgenic Mouse Model for Studying Human Serum Albumin as a Biomarker of Carcinogenic Exposure (2016)

Albumin is a commonly used serum protein for studying human exposure to xenobiotic compounds, including therapeutics and environmental pollutants. Often, the reactivity of albumin with xenobiotic compounds is studied ex vivo with human albumin or plasma/serum samples. Some studies have characterized the reactivity of albumin with chemicals in rodent models; however, differences between the orthologous peptide sequences of human and rodent albumins can result in the formation of different types of chemical-protein adducts with different interaction sites or peptide sequences. Our goal is to generate a human albumin transgenic mouse model that can be used to establish human protein biomarkers of exposure to hazardous xenobiotics for human risk assessment via animal studies. We have developed a human albumin transgenic mouse model and characterized the genotype and phenotype of the transgenic mice. The presence of the human albumin gene in the genome of the model mouse was confirmed by genomic PCR analysis, whereas liver-specific expression of the transgenic human albumin mRNA was validated by RT-PCR analysis. Further immunoblot and mass spectrometry analyses indicated that the transgenic human albumin protein is a full-length, mature protein, which is less abundant than the endogenous mouse albumin that coexists in the serum of the transgenic mouse. The transgenic protein was able to form ex vivo adducts with a genotoxic metabolite of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, a procarcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed in cooked meat. This novel human albumin transgenic mouse model will facilitate the development and validation of albumin-carcinogen adducts as biomarkers of xenobiotic exposure and/or toxicity in humans.
Amino acid compositions and partial sequences of two types of alkaline serine proteases from Nocardiopsis dassonvillei subsp- prasina OPC-210. (1990)

Proteases are typical enzymes which are investigated not only in scientific fields such as protein chemistry and 2177 protein engineering but also for practical purposes such as potential cleaning agents, food additives, and dehairing
Mechanisms of GII.4 Norovirus Persistence in Human Populations (2008)

Our data suggest that the surface-exposed carbohydrate ligand binding domain in the norovirus capsid is under heavy immune selection and likely evolves by antigenic drift in the face of human herd immunity. Variation in the capsid carbohydrate-binding domain is tolerated because of the large repertoire of similar, yet distinct HBGA carbohydrate receptors available on mucosal surfaces that could interface with the remodeled architecture of the capsid ligand-binding pocket. The continuing evolution of new replacement strains suggests that, as with influenza viruses, vaccines could be targeted that protect against norovirus infections, and that continued epidemiologic surveillance and reformulations of norovirus vaccines will be essential in the control of future outbreaks.
Development of Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy for DNA Sequencing and Genome Mapping (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopment of Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy for DNA Sequencing and Genome MappingK. Bruce Jacobson and H. F. ArlinghausCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 5, 315A–328APublication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online31 May 2012Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00029a722https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00029a722research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Applications of particle accelerators in medical physics (2010)

Within an hadrontherapy center the particle accelerator is the key element; it is the center of operation clinical and it defines unequivocally the overall technological performance because it has an impact on the quality of the radiation treatments produced. For this reason, even if the machine represents a low percentage, not more than 20%, of the total investment necessary for the implementation of a hadrontherapy centre, the choice is still the most qualifying for the Centre and on this chose is focused a lot of attention and the technological typical planning of these facilities. A great debate scientific, technological and not clinical at least, is furthered for decades on the choice between cyclotrons and synchrotrons, in light of the strengths and weaknesses of each of those two solutions. The physical characteristics, technological and clinical impact on the facilities from these two types of accelerators will be widely reported, also by the description of the choices already made in the main centers of hadrontherapy in operation or in advanced phase of realization in Europe and in the rest of the world. The future of the possible innovations (FFAG, Linac booster) also will be considered by placing attention to the new horizons offered by research in the field of the accelerators for protons and light ions.
Hirschsprung Disease Is Linked to Defects in Neural Crest Stem Cell Function (2003)

Genes associated with Hirschsprung disease, a failure to form enteric ganglia in the hindgut, were highly up-regulated in gut neural crest stem cells relative to whole-fetus RNA. One of these genes, the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor Ret, was necessary for neural crest stem cell migration in the gut. GDNF promoted the migration of neural crest stem cells in culture but did not affect their survival or proliferation. Gene expression profiling, combined with reverse genetics and analyses of stem cell function, suggests that Hirschsprung disease is caused by defects in neural crest stem cell function.
Kanerin and 12, 13-Dihydroursolic Acid, Two New Pentacyclic Triterpenes from the Leaves of Nerium oleander (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKanerin and 12, 13-Dihydroursolic Acid, Two New Pentacyclic Triterpenes from the Leaves of Nerium oleanderSalimuzzaman Siddiqui, Sabira Begum, Bina S. Siddiqui, and Farrukh HafeezCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1989, 52, 1, 57–62Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50061a006https://doi.org/10.1021/np50061a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pathways for the uptake and conservation of docosahexaenoic acid in photoreceptors and synapses: biochemical and autoradiographic studies (1993)

Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) esterified into phospholipids represents by far the most prevalent fatty acid of rod photoreceptor disc membranes and synaptic terminals. During synaptogenesis and photoreceptor biogenesis, plasma lipoproteins, secreted mainly by the liver, are the main source of plasma 22:6n-3 for the central nervous system. This systemic route (the long loop) also operates in mature animals for morphogenesis and maintenance of excitable membranes (e.g., during constant renewal of photoreceptor disc membranes). When radiolabeled 18:3n-3, the dietary precursor of 22:6n-3, is systemically supplied to 3-day-old mouse pups, it is elongated and desaturated in the liver, leading to the synthesis of 22:6n-3-lipoproteins that shuttle the fatty acid through the bloodstream to retina and brain. When radiolabeled 22:6n-3 was used, a more efficient labeling of brain and retinal lipids was achieved. The retinal pigment epithelium is involved, not only in the uptake of 22:6n-3 from circulating lipoproteins in the choriocapillaris but also in the recycling of 22:6n-3 from degraded phagosomal phospholipids back to the inner segments of photoreceptors (the short loop), following each phagocytic event. An interplay among efficient 22:6n-6 delivery from the liver, selective uptake by retinal pigment epithelium photoreceptor cells, and avid retinal retention may contribute to the enrichment of excitable membranes of the retina with 22:6n-3-phospholipids.
CIO’s met ambitie! (2008)

Sinds de intrede van IT zijn organisaties en instellingen radicaal veranderd. Nieuwe organisaties vergen veelal nieuwe CEO's. Gezien de aard van de veranderingen zouden CIO's geschikte CEO-kandidaten kunnen zijn. Deze loopbaanstap van CIO's is echter nog geen algemeen gedachtegoed. Daarom in deze bijdrage vijf adviezen voor ambitieuze CIO's om het proces te versnellen.
Ivosidenib (IVO; AG-120) in mutant IDH1 relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML): Results of a phase 1 study. (2018)

7000 Background: IVO is an oral, targeted inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (mIDH1) that is being evaluated in a phase 1 dose escalation and expansion study of mIDH1 advanced hematologic malignancies (NCT02074839). Here we report updated efficacy and safety data from all patients with R/R AML receiving IVO 500 mg once daily (QD). Methods: The primary efficacy endpoint was the CR+CRh rate (complete remission [CR] according to modified IWG 2003 criteria plus CR with partial hematologic recovery [CRh]). CRh was defined as absolute neutrophil count > 0.5 × 109/L and platelet count > 50 × 109/L. The overall response rate (ORR) comprised CR, CR with incomplete hematologic or platelet recovery, partial response, and morphologic leukemia-free state. The data cutoff date for this analysis was Nov 10, 2017. Results: A total of 258 patients were treated with IVO. Among 179 R/R AML patients who received IVO 500 mg QD, 17 (9.5%) remained on treatment at data cutoff. In R/R AML patients, the CR+CRh rate was 31.8% (95% CI: 25.1%, 39.2%), including CR in 24.0% (95% CI: 18.0%, 31.0%). Median duration of CR+CRh was 8.2 months (95% CI: 5.6, 12.0), and median duration of CR was 10.1 months (95% CI: 6.5, 22.2). The ORR was 41.9% (95% CI: 34.6%, 49.5%). Treatment was well tolerated; the most common adverse events (AEs) of any grade, irrespective of causality and occurring in ≥25% of 179 R/R AML patients were diarrhea (33.5%), leukocytosis (31.3%), nausea (31.3%), febrile neutropenia (29.1%), fatigue (28.5%), and electrocardiogram QT prolonged (25.7%). The majority of these AEs were grades 1–2 and unrelated to treatment. IDH differentiation syndrome (IDH-DS) was reported in 19 of 179 (10.6%) patients, including grade ≥3 IDH-DS in 9 (5.0%); study drug was held owing to IDH-DS in 6 patients (3.4%), and no instances of IDH-DS led to dose reduction, permanent treatment discontinuation, or death. Updated mutation clearance results will be provided. Conclusions: In a high-risk, molecularly defined R/R AML patient population, IVO induced durable remissions and was well tolerated. Studies in previously untreated AML populations are ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02074839.
Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials:  Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTitanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and ApplicationsXiaobo Chen and Samuel S. MaoView Author Information Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 7, 2891–2959Publication Date (Web):June 23, 2007Publication History Received27 March 2006Published online23 June 2007Published inissue 1 July 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0500535https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0500535research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122151Altmetric-Citations9105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Electrodes,Minerals,Nanomaterials,Nanoparticles,Oxides Get e-Alerts
Partitioning of the 2-μm Circle Plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2000)

The efficient partitioning of the 2-microm plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at cell division is dependent on two plasmid-encoded proteins (Rep1p and Rep2p), together with the cis-acting locus REP3 (STB). In addition, host encoded factors are likely to contribute to plasmid segregation. Direct observation of a 2-microm-derived plasmid in live yeast cells indicates that the multiple plasmid copies are located in the nucleus, predominantly in clusters with characteristic shapes. Comparison to a single-tagged chromosome or to a yeast centromeric plasmid shows that the segregation kinetics of the 2-microm plasmid and the chromosome are quite similar during the yeast cell cycle. Immunofluorescence analysis reveals that the plasmid is colocalized with the Rep1 and Rep2 proteins within the yeast nucleus. Furthermore, the Rep proteins (and therefore the plasmid) tend to concentrate near the poles of the yeast mitotic spindle. Depolymerization of the spindle results in partial dispersion of the Rep proteins in the nucleus concomitant with a loosening in the association between plasmid molecules. In an ipl1-2 yeast strain, shifted to the nonpermissive temperature, the chromosomes and plasmid almost always missegregate in tandem. Our results suggest that, after DNA replication, plasmid distribution to the daughter cells occurs in the form of specific DNA-protein aggregates. They further indicate that the plasmid partitioning mechanism may exploit at least some of the components of the cellular machinery required for chromosomal segregation.
ELZAR: Triple Modular Redundancy Using Intel AVX (Practical Experience Report) (2016)

Instruction-Level Redundancy (ILR) is a well-known approach to tolerate transient CPU faults. It replicates instructions in a program and inserts periodic checks to detect and correct CPU faults using majority voting, which essentially requires three copies of each instruction and leads to high performance overheads. As SIMD technology can operate simultaneously on several copies of the data, it appears to be a good candidate for decreasing these overheads. To verify this hypothesis, we propose ELZAR, a compiler framework that transforms unmodified multithreaded applications to support triple modular redundancy using Intel AVX extensions for vectorization. Our experience with several benchmark suites and real-world case-studies yields mixed results: while SIMD may be beneficial for some workloads, e.g., CPU-intensive ones with many floating-point operations, it exposes higher overhead than ILR in many applications we tested.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Benzoxazolinonic Imidazoles and Derivatives as Non-steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors (2004)

New compounds were tested in vitro on aromatase activity in human placental and equine testicular microsomes. Equine aromatase, very well characterized biochemically, is used as a comparative model to understand the mechanism of aromatase inhibition. Among 15 molecules screened, 5 of them (11-15) strongly inhibit human and equine aromatases with IC50 values ranging from 13-85nM and from 23-103nM respectively. These results were corroborated by Ki/Km values. Moreover, spectral studies showed a type II spectrum with both enzymes, which is characteristic of an interaction between the nitrogen atom of the molecule and the heme of the cytochrome P450. Compound 12, which has the lowest IC50 and Ki/Km ratio, inactivates aromatase in a dose and time-dependent manner. This might be very important for the treatment of estrogen-dependent diseases such as breast cancer. Finally, MTT assays on E293 cells revealed that the molecules were not cytotoxic.
The Age-Related Decrease in CNS Remyelination Efficiency Is Attributable to an Impairment of Both Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Recruitment and Differentiation (2002)

The age-associated decrease in the efficiency of CNS remyelination has clear implications for recovery from demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) that may last for several decades. Developing strategies to reverse the age-associated decline requires the identification of how the regenerative process is impaired. We addressed whether remyelination becomes slower because of an impairment of recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPs) or, as is the case in some MS lesions, an impairment of OP differentiation into remyelinating oligodendrocytes. The OP response during remyelination of focal, toxin-induced CNS demyelination in young and old rats was compared by in situ hybridization using probes to two OP-expressed mRNA species: platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor and the OP transcription factor myelin transcription factor 1 (MyT1). We found that the expression patterns for the two OP markers are very similar and reveal a delay in the colonization of the demyelinated focus with OPs in the old animals compared with the young animals. By comparing the mRNA expression pattern of MyT1 with that of the myelin proteins myelin basic protein and Gtx, we found that in the old animals there is also a delay in OP differentiation that increases with longer survival times. These results indicate that the age-associated decrease in remyelination efficiency occurs because of an impairment of OP recruitment and the subsequent differentiation of the OPs into remyelinating oligodendrocytes, and that strategies aimed at ameliorating the age-associated decline in remyelination efficiency will therefore need to promote both components of the regenerative process.
Large surface proteins of hepatitis B virus containing the pre-s sequence (1984)

The sequence of hepatitis B virus DNA contains an open reading frame which codes for a not-yet-identified protein of at least 389 amino acids. Only the products starting at the third (GP33/GP36) or the fourth (P24/GP27) initiation signal have been characterized as components of the viral surface antigen. We found a larger protein, P39, and its glycosylated form, GP42, in hepatitis B virus particles and viral surface antigen filaments. Immunological cross-reactions showed that P39/GP42 is partially homologous to P24/GP27 and GP33/GP36. The unique portion of its sequence bound monoclonal antibodies which had been induced by immunization with hepatitis B virus particles. Proteolytic cleavage patterns and subtype-specific size differences suggested that the sequence of P39 starts with the first initiation signal of the open reading frame. Its amino-terminal part (pre-s coded) is exposed at the viral surface and, probably, is highly immunogenic. A model is presented of how the open reading frame for the viral envelope leads to defined amounts of three different proteins.