gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different Procoagulant Activity of Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Placental Decidua (2015)

While therapeutic mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have usually been obtained from bone marrow, perinatal tissues have emerged as promising new sources of cells for stromal cell therapy. In this study, we present a first safety follow-up on our clinical experience with placenta-derived decidual stromal cells (DSCs), used as supportive immunomodulatory and regenerative therapy for patients with severe complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We found that DSCs are smaller, almost half the volume of MSCs, which may favor microvascular passage. DSCs also show different hemocompatibility, with increased triggering of the clotting cascade after exposure to human blood and plasma in vitro. After infusion of DSCs in HSCT patients, we observed a weak activation of the fibrinolytic system, but the other blood activation markers remained stable, excluding major adverse events. Expression profiling identified differential levels of key factors implicated in regulation of hemostasis, such as a lack of prostacyclin synthase and increased tissue factor expression in DSCs, suggesting that these cells have intrinsic blood-activating properties. The stronger triggering of the clotting cascade by DSCs could be antagonized by optimizing the cell graft reconstitution before infusion, for example, by use of low-dose heparin anticoagulant in the cell infusion buffer. We conclude that DSCs are smaller and have stronger hemostatic properties than MSCs, thus triggering stronger activation of the clotting system, which can be antagonized by optimizing the cell graft preparation before infusion. Our results highlight the importance of hemocompatibility safety testing for every novel cell therapy product before clinical use, when applied using systemic delivery.
Rule-based approach to e-beam and process-induced proximity effect correction for phase-shifting mask fabrication (1994)

A rule-based compensation for mask feature dimensions is proposed. This technique is based on the post-process measurement of select pattern configurations. These include isolated lines, isolated spaces, and lines and spaces ranging from 5 micrometers to below 0.5 micrometers on a test vehicle mask. The difference between the coded size and the measured size is then plotted as a function of the target dimension. Using these data in conjunction with some choice `2D'-type patterns, a size correction is made for each distinct feature based upon the feature dimensions and its distance to the nearest neighbor. Given an effective rule representation, pattern corrections can be viably implemented on a chip scale by an automated feature compensation CAD system. The potential causes for proximity effect in our phase-shifting mask fabrication process and effectiveness of the proposed correction technique are also investigated.
Recent advances in CE and CEC of peptides (2007–2009) (2009)

The review presents a comprehensive survey of recent developments of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, ITP, IEF, affinity electrophoresis, EKC and electrochromatography, and their application to analysis, preparation and physicochemical characterization of peptides. New approaches to the theoretical description and experimental investigation of electromigration properties of peptides, and to methodology of their separations, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, EOF control and detection, are described. New developments in particular CE and CEC modes are reported and several types of their applications to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Few examples of micropreparative peptide separations are shown and capabilities of CE and CEC techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
Influence of AlN nucleation layer on the epitaxy of GaN/AlGaN high electron mobility transistor structure and wafer curvature (2005)

Significant wafer curvature has been observed for AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structures grown on SiC substrates by rf plasma molecular-beam epitaxy. The curvature is caused by residual compressive strain in the films, due primarily to the lattice mismatch between substrate and epilayer. The wafers exhibit more bow when an AlN nucleation layer is used, than when GaN/AlGaN is grown directly on SiC. However, in test structures, AlN nucleation layers are found to impart tensile strain in the wafer that is small due to the AlN thickness. Using high resolution x-ray diffraction with reciprocal space maps, thin GaN films are found to relax more readily when grown directly on SiC substrates than on AlN buffer layers. The compressive strain in the thick GaN buffer layer grown on AlN bows the wafer and increases the substrate x-ray diffraction (XRD) linewidth. The GaN buffer, despite its thickness, does not relax fully but retains some residual strain.
A relative performance monitor for process controllers (2003)

Abstract A monitor is developed to automatically detect poor control performance. It provides a measure (relative performance index—RPI) of a control‐loop performance relative to a reference model of acceptable control. The reference model simulates the controlled variable output of a user‐defined, acceptably tuned control loop. The inputs to the reference model are the setpoints (same as the true plant) and the disturbances (estimated from the measurements). The monitor uses routine plant operation data only. Pending ability to obtain temporally accurate process models, and the validity of process measurements, simulations and experiments show that the monitor can detect the poor control performance caused by improper controller parameter values or changes in plant characteristics, and can distinguish it from poor performance caused by external disturbances. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Decreased expression of interleukin-21 receptor on peripheral B lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus. (2005)

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is the most recent member of the common gamma-chain-dependent cytokine family. We studied the expression of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) on peripheral B lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSjS), and healthy controls. Naive B lymphocytes expressed higher levels of IL-21R than memory B lymphocytes and plasmablasts, both in SLE patients and healthy controls. The proportion of IL-21R+ cells in the total peripheral B lymphocytes, as well as those in the respective B lymphocyte subsets, was significantly lower in SLE compared with those of pSjS or healthy controls (p=0.0002 and p<0.0001, respectively, in total B lymphocytes). The decreased expression of IL-21R in SLE was significantly associated with nephritis and high titer anti-double-strand DNA antibody. In some SLE patients, IL-21-induced proliferation of CD19+ B lymphocytes, in the presence of CD40 stimulation, was impaired. The abnormalities of IL-21R signaling might contribute to the pathological features of SLE, such as B lymphocytopenia.
Structure of human‐basement‐membrane (type IV) collagen (1984)

The complete amino acid sequence of the 914‐residue‐long pepsin fragment α1(IV)95 from the α1 chain of human placental basement membrane (type IV) collagen is presented. This sequence contains 12 interruptions of the collagenous triplet sequence Gly‐Xaa‐Yaa which varied in length from 1 to 11 residues. The distribution of amino acids between the Xaa and Yaa position was similar to that found in interstitial collagens but the extent of proline and lysine hydroxylation differed. Computer comparisons of the α1(IV)95 sequence with those of the interstitial collagen chains did not reveal any homology, whereas a comparison with the partial sequences of mouse tumor and bovine lens capsule α1(IV) showed an approximately 85% identity. The unique sequence characteristics of type IV collagen are discussed in relation to its macromolecular structure and to the interstitial collagens.
Effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic gold nanoclusters on the stability and ordering of bolaamphiphilic liquid crystals (2007)

Electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction studies of dispersions of hydrophilic and hydrophobic thiolate-capped gold nanoclusters in bolaamphiphilic liquid crystals (LCs) indicate random inclusion of the nanoclusters in the LC matrix with a concentration- and monolayer-type-dependent effect on the mesophase stability of the LC host. Both types of nanoclusters show no effect on the thermal properties of the smectic A phase of 1. In contrast, the rectangular columnar phase of 2 is gradually destabilized with an increasing concentration of the hydrophobic hexane thiolate gold clusters Au1, and gradually stabilized with an increasing concentration of the hydrophilic ethyleneglycol protected gold nanoclusters Au2. In addition, structural characterization using SAXS indicated no change in the lattice of the rectangular columnar phase of 2 in mixtures with both nanoclusters (c2mm), but provided evidence for a macroscopic phase separation into particle-rich and particle-poor domains with the same rectangular lattice but slightly different lattice parameters for mixtures with higher concentrations of Au2 in 2.
Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide with Zr Complexes of {ONSO} Ligands: From Heterotactically Inclined to Isotactically Inclined Poly(lactic acid) (2012)

Six members of a new family of {ONSO}-type ligands—the tetradentate-diainionic imine-thiobis(phenolate) ligands—were prepared by a two-step synthesis. Their [{ONSO}Zr(OtBu)2] complexes formed as single diastereomers with different degrees of fluxionality that depended on the substitution pattern of the two phenolate rings. The complexes were active in polymerization of l-lactide and rac-lactide. The tacticity of the poly(lactic acid) prepared from rac-lactide changed gradually from heterotactically inclined through atactic to isotactically inclined. The most flexible complex and the most rigid complex gave the highest degrees of heterotacticity and isotacticity, respectively.
Cardiac conduction system: delineation of anatomic landmarks with multidetector CT. (2009)

Major components of the cardiac conduction system including the sinoatrial node (SAN), atrioventricular node (AVN), the His Bundle, and the right and left bundle branches are too small to be directly visualized by multidetector CT (MDCT) given the limited spatial resolution of current scanners. However, the related anatomic landmarks and variants of this system a well as the areas with special interest to electrophysiologists can be reliably demonstrated by MDCT. Some of these structures and landmarks include the right SAN artery, right atrial cavotricuspid isthmus, Koch triangle, AVN artery, interatrial muscle bundles, and pulmonary veins. In addition, MDCT has an imperative role in demarcating potential arrhythmogenic structures. The aim of this review will be to assess the extent at which MDCT can outline the described anatomic landmarks and therefore provide crucial information used in clinical practice.
An amino-terminally truncated p53 protein expressed in a human choriocarcinoma cell line, CC1 (1995)

Journal Article An amino-terminally truncated p53 protein expressed in a human choriocarcinoma cell line, CC1 Get access Izumi Horikawa, Izumi Horikawa Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori UniversityNishi-machi 86, Yonago 683, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mikio Suzuki, Mikio Suzuki Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori UniversityNishi-machi 86, Yonago 683, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mitsuo Oshimura Mitsuo Oshimura * Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori UniversityNishi-machi 86, Yonago 683, Japan *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 1995, Pages 313–314, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/4.2.313 Published: 01 February 1995 Article history Received: 11 November 1994 Revision received: 02 December 1994 Accepted: 02 December 1994 Published: 01 February 1995
Interaction between zwitterionic fluorocarbon and anionic surfactants in aqueous solutions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInteraction between zwitterionic fluorocarbon and anionic surfactants in aqueous solutionsKunio Esumi and Masataka OgawaCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 1, 358–360Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00025a067https://doi.org/10.1021/la00025a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative PCR (2000)

The classic molecular biology methods like Northern or Southern blot analyse non-amplified DNA or RNA, but need large amounts of nucleic acids, in many instances from tissues or cells that are heterogeneous. In contrast, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques allow us to obtain genetic information through the specific amplification of nucleic acid sequences starting with a very low number of target copies. These reactions are characterized by a logarithmic amplification of the target sequences i.e. increase of PCR copies followed by a plateau phase showing a rapid decrease to zero of copy number increment per cycle. Accordingly, the amount of specific DNA product at the end of the PCR run bears no correlation to the number of target copies present in the original specimen. However, many applications in medicine or research require quantification of the number of specific targets in the specimen. This has generated a rapidly increasing need for the development of quantitative PCR techniques. Prominent examples are the determination of viral load in blood specimens for the diagnosis of HIV or HCV infections, the determination of changes in gene dosage through amplification or deletion e.g. of MDR-1, erb-B2, c-myc or the loss of heterozygosity in general. Finally, the analysis of gene expression on the mRNA level does require quantitative approaches to reverse transcriptase PCR, e.g. for studies in morphogenesis or the profiling of cancer cells. Recent advances in technology allow detection of the increment per cycle of a specifically generated PCR product in "real-time mode". Together with the new powerful methods to dissect heterogeneous tissues or fractionate bodily fluids, this now sets the stage for a detailed analysis not only of the genes and genetic changes within a single cell, but also of the use such cell makes of its genes e.g. in pharmacogenomics. Examples of recent developments of the technology and their applications will be given.
TRAF2: A Double-Edged Sword? (2005)

Ubiquitination is best known for its role in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome, but evidence of the nonproteolytic functions of ubiquitin is also rapidly accumulating. One example of the regulatory, rather than proteolytic, function of ubiquitin is provided by study of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins, which function as ubiquitin ligases to synthesize lysine 63 (K(63))-linked polyubiquitin chains to mediate protein kinase activation through a proteasome-independent mechanism. Some TRAF proteins, such as TRAF2 and TRAF3, have recently been shown to have a positive role in the canonical pathway that activates nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) through IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta), but a negative role in the noncanonical pathway that activates NF-kappaB through IKKalpha. These opposing roles of TRAF proteins may be linked to their ability to synthesize distinct forms of polyubiquitin chains. Indeed, the TRAF2-interacting protein RIP can mediate IKK activation when it is modified by K(63) polyubiquitin chains, but is targeted to degradation by the proteasome when it is K(48)-polyubiquitinted by the NF-kappaB inhibitor A20. Thus, ubiquitin chains are dynamic switches that can influence signaling outputs in dramatically different ways.
Competitive repopulation: a new assay for long-term stem cell functional capacity (1980)

A new assay for the long-term functional capacity of hemopoietic stem cells is reported. Stem cell function in each donor of a particular genotype is assayed by mixing its marrow cells with a constant number of marrow cells from a donor with distinguishable hemoglobin and measuring the relative ability of each donor to populate stem-cell-depleted recipients. For example, cells from many different B6 donors may be assayed by mixing them with a constant number of WBB6F1 cells from a single pool and injecting them into irradiated WBB6F1 recipients. As the ratio of B6 to WBB6F1 marrow cells increases from 0:1 to 3:1 the percentage of B6 hemoglobin increases in a linear fashion. This is also found with WB and WBB6F1 or CBA and B6CBAF1 mixtures. Correlation coefficients between the percentage of hemoglobin of one donor type and the ratio of cells in the mixture of that type ranged from 0.78 to 0.98 in single experiments, and were 0.68 and 0.75 using data pooled from several experiments.
A Redundant Role of the CD3γ-Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation Motif in Mature T Cell Function (2001)

At least four different CD3 polypeptide chains are contained within the mature TCR complex, each encompassing one (CD3gamma, CD3delta, and CD3epsilon) or three (CD3zeta) immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) within their cytoplasmic domains. Why so many ITAMs are required is unresolved: it has been speculated that the different ITAMs function in signal specification, but they may also serve in signal amplification. Because the CD3zeta chains do not contribute unique signaling functions to the TCR, and because the ITAMs of the CD3-gammadeltaepsilon module alone can endow the TCR with normal signaling capacity, it thus becomes important to examine how the CD3gamma-, delta-, and epsilon-ITAMs regulate TCR signaling. We here report on the role of the CD3gamma chain and the CD3gamma-ITAM in peripheral T cell activation and differentiation to effector function. All T cell responses were reduced or abrogated in T cells derived from CD3gamma null-mutant mice, probably because of decreased expression levels of the mature TCR complex lacking CD3gamma. Consistent with this explanation, T cell responses proceed undisturbed in the absence of a functional CD3gamma-ITAM. Loss of integrity of the CD3gamma-ITAM only slightly impaired the regulation of expression of activation markers, suggesting a quantitative contribution of the CD3gamma-ITAM in this process. Nevertheless, the induction of an in vivo T cell response in influenza A virus-infected CD3gamma-ITAM-deficient mice proceeds normally. Therefore, if ITAMs can function in signal specification, it is likely that either the CD3delta and/or the CD3epsilon chains endow the TCR with qualitatively unique signaling functions.
Single-Molecule Detection of Specific Nucleic Acid Sequences in Unamplified Genomic DNA (1997)

A new technique is described for the rapid detection of specific nucleic acid sequences in unamplified DNA samples. The method consists of using two nucleic acid probes complementary to different sites on a target DNA sequence. The two probes are each labeled with different fluorescent dyes. When mixed with a sample containing the target DNA, the two probes hybridize to their respective binding sites on the same target DNA molecule. The sample is then analyzed by a laser-based ultrasensitive fluorescence system capable of detecting single fluorescent molecules at two different wavelength channels simultaneously. Since the probes are bound to the same target DNA molecule, their signals appear simultaneously. Thus, coincident detection of both dyes provides the necessary specificity to detect an unamplified, single-copy target DNA molecule in a homogeneous assay. If the target is not present, only uncorrelated events originating from free probes will be observed at either channel. Phage lambda DNA in a background of salmon genomic DNA was detected as a two-dye coincident signal at a relative concentration of one lambda molecule per salmon genome. In a control sample, cleavage of the lambda DNA between the two probe binding sites eliminated the coincident signals. In a second experiment, a single-copy transgene was detected in maize. Detection parameters and possible future applications to genetic analysis are discussed.
Raman spectroscopy of sulfur, sulfur-selenium, and sulfur-arsenic mixtures (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRaman spectroscopy of sulfur, sulfur-selenium, and sulfur-arsenic mixturesAnthony T. WardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1968, 72, 12, 4133–4139Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100858a031https://doi.org/10.1021/j100858a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5156Altmetric-Citations292LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts