gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homologous bladder augmentation in dog with the bladder acellular matrix graft (2000)

In this dog model, the potential of the BAMG as a bladder augmentation graft was confirmed, having minimal antigenicity with maximal acceptance. The reconstructed bladder matched the morphological and functional properties of the normal bladder.
Terahertz multistatic reflection imaging (2002)

We describe a new imaging method using single-cycle pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation. This technique emulates the data collection and image processing procedures developed for geophysical prospecting and is made possible by the availability of fiber-coupled THz receiver antennas. We use a migration procedure to solve the inverse problem; this permits us to reconstruct the location, the shape, and the refractive index of targets. We show examples for both metallic and dielectric model targets, and we perform velocity analysis on dielectric targets to estimate the refractive indices of imaged components. These results broaden the capabilities of THz imaging systems and also demonstrate the viability of the THz system as a test bed for the exploration of new seismic processing methods.
Crossing microfluidic streamlines to lyse, label and wash cells (2008)

We present a versatile method for continuous-flow, on-chip biological processing of cells, large bio-particles, and functional beads. Using an asymmetric post array in pressure-driven microfluidic flow, we can move particles of interest across multiple, independent chemical streams, enabling sequential chemical operations. With this method, we demonstrate on-chip cell treatments such as labeling and washing, and bacterial lysis and chromosomal extraction. The washing capabilities of this method are particularly valuable because they allow many analytical or treatment procedures to be cascaded on a single device while still effectively isolating their reagents from cross-contamination.
Modeling Software Contention Using Colored Petri Nets (2008)

Commercial servers, such as database or application servers, often attempt to improve performance via multi-threading. Improper multi-threading architectures can incur contention, limiting performance improvements. Contention occurs primarily at two levels: (1) blocking on locks shared between threads at the software level and (2) contending for physical resources (such as the cpu or disk) at the hardware level. Given a set of hardware resources and an application design, there is an optimal number of threads that maximizes performance. This paper describes a novel technique we developed to select the optimal number of threads of a target-tracking application using a simulation-based colored Petri nets (CPNs) model. This paper makes two contributions to the performance analysis of multi-threaded applications. First, the paper presents an approach for calibrating a simulation model using training set data to reflect actual performance parameters accurately. Second, the model predictions are validated empirically against the actual application performance and the predicted data is used to compute the optimal configuration of threads in an application to achieve the desired performance. Our results show that predicting performance of application thread characteristics is possible and can be used to optimize performance.
Correlations of Neutrophil Phagocytosis for Proven Bulls with Traits of Economic Importance of Their Daughters (1996)

Neutrophil phagocytic parameters, measured on 25 AI Canadian Holstein bulls, were investigated for evidence of association with production and type traits, SCC, and survival of dairy cows. An animal model and REML methodologies were used to evaluate the bulls for their neutrophil potential phagocytic activity and capacity. A total of 42,103 first lactation records, collected from 1985 through 1993 for 2919 Quebec dairy herds, were used to obtain EBV for SCC and log SCC for 697 sires. From the same population of cows, 32,900 lactation records were used to calculate EBV for survival after first lactation for 338 sires. Correlations of EBV for SCC and log SCC with all other traits were not significant. Official Canadian ETA for type traits related to the mammary system tended to be positively correlated with phagocytosis parameters. Official Canadian ETA for production traits tended to be negatively correlated. The ETA for milk protein had a significant negative correlation with potential phagocytic activity. Survival after first lactation was significantly associated with ETA for dairy character, milk fat, and fat percentage.
GSK1120212 (JTP-74057) Is an Inhibitor of MEK Activity and Activation with Favorable Pharmacokinetic Properties for Sustained In Vivo Pathway Inhibition (2011)

GSK1120212 combines high potency, selectivity, and long circulating half-life, offering promise for successfully targeting the narrow therapeutic window anticipated for clinical MEK inhibitors.
A pilot pharmacokinetic and immunoscintigraphic study with the technetium-99m-labeled monoclonal antibody BC-1 directed against oncofetal fibronectin in patients with brain tumors (1997)

These results indicate the diagnostic potential of MoAb 99mTc-BC-1 for immunoscintigraphy in cancer patients, at least when neoangiogenesis induced by cancer is particularly important.
The Crystal Structure of the BMP-2:BMPR-IA Complex and the Generation of BMP-2 Antagonists (2001)

The identification and characterization of the two receptor binding epitopes in BMP-2 provide new insight into the primary steps of BMP-receptor activation. Because of the structural similarities between members of the TGF-beta superfamily, it can be assumed that the data presented in this work are transferable to other TGF-beta receptor systems. Because of the association with various diseases, the generation of antagonists of other TGF-beta superfamily members might generate potent tools for basic research and therapeutic approaches.
Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Allylboration:  Short and Stereodivergent Synthesis of All Four Eupomatilone Diastereomers with Crystallographic Assignments (2005)

This study describes a novel Brønsted acid-catalyzed allylboration method suitable for the most difficult, electronically deactivated allylboronate and aldehyde substrates. This method circumvents the use of metal ions, and rather employs a simple and cheap catalyst, triflic acid. Its usefulness as a complementary allylboration variant was demonstrated with a four-step, stereodivergent synthesis of all four diastereomers of eupomatilone-6 from a single allylboronate. A thorough proof of stereochemistry supported by as many as five X-ray crystallographic structures brings an end to the ambiguity of the original stereochemical assignments. Further to the TfOH-catalyzed allylboration, the synthetic route featured a number of remarkable observations: the surprising reactivity of 2-bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde, the subtle reagent control observed in the hydrogenation of an alpha-exo-methylene lactone intermediate, and the success of a difficult case of Suzuki biaryl coupling using Buchwald's conditions.
Screening Mixtures for Biological Activity by NMR (1997)

Development of the new drugs often involves the screening of compound libraries for biological activity. Currently, the biologically active component can only be identified if either a pure compound is being tested or if the components of a mixture are spatially separated, for example, on beads. Here, we present an NMR technique based on the transferred nuclear Overhauser effect (transfer NOE) that allows identification and structural characterization of biologically active molecules from a mixture. As an example we demonstrate that from mixtures of oligosaccharides only alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->6)-beta-D-GlcNAc-OMe binds to Aleuria aurantia agglutinin. The sign of transferred NOEs is opposite to NOEs of small molecules that do not bind to the protein and, thus, an unequivocal identification of molecules with binding activity is possible. Normally, the selection of bound ligands is further facilitated in that the absolute intensity of transfer NOEs is much greater than that of NOEs of non-binding molecules. In addition, transfer NOEs provide information on the three-dimensional structure of the ligands in the bound state. Therefore, measuring transfer NOEs of mixtures of small molecules in the presence of large molecules, like proteins, should significantly enhance the options for screening mixtures of compounds for biological activity.
CATEDRA ESPECIAL INGENIERO JULIAN RODRIGUEZ ADAME (1996)

LA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES (FES) CUAUTITLAN CONVOCA A LOS PROFESORES DE CARRERA ADSCRITOS A LA MISMA, A PRESENTAR SOLICITUDES PARA OCUPAR POR UN ANO LA CATEDRA ESPECIAL INGENIERO JULIAN RODRIGUEZ ADAME EN EL AREA DE ALIMENTOS (CON ENFOQUE EN PRODUCCION, TRANSFORMACION O COMERCIALIZACION).
Impaired T cell activation and increased Th2 lineage commitment in Annexin‐1‐deficient T cells (2007)

Annexin-1 is a well-known endogenous anti-inflammatory protein that modulates the activation of cells of the innate immune system such as neutrophils and macrophages. We have recently reported a positive role for the exogenous protein on T cell differentiation, however, whether such a role holds true for the endogenous protein has yet to be determined. This aspect has been investigated here finding that Annexin-1-deficient T cells display an impaired activation and proliferation in response to anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 stimulation. Furthermore, differentiation of T cells from Annexin-1-deficient mice in Th0/Th1/Th2 or Th17 skewing conditions demonstrated an increased Th2 phenotype compared to cells from control littermates. Similar results were obtained when we analyzed the Th1/Th2 profile of lymph node cells obtained from mice immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin or the inflammatory infiltrate in mouse model of allergic inflammation. These results demonstrate a novel modulatory role of endogenous Annexin-1 in TCR signaling and T cell differentiation and suggest this protein might play a dual and complementary role in the innate and adaptive immune response.
Regulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Networks by G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2000)

The family of receptors that transmit signals through the activation of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) constitutes the largest group of cell surface proteins involved in signal transduction. These receptors participate in a broad range of important biological functions and are implicated in a number of disease states. More than half of all drugs currently available influence G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors affect the generation of small molecules that act as intracellular mediators or second messengers, and can regulate a highly interconnected network of biochemical routes controlling the activity of several members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily. They include extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 (or p44(MAPK) and p42(MAPK)), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinases (JNKs), ERK5 (or BMK), and p38 MAPKs, including p38alpha (or CSBP-1), p38beta, p38gamma (or SAPK3 or ERK6), and p38delta?(or SAPK4). This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms by which GPCRs signal to the nucleus through this intricate network of second messenger-generating systems and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby affecting the expression of genes whose products influence many biological processes, including normal and aberrant cell growth.
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Intestinal- and Diffuse-Type Gastric Adenocarcinomas (1991)

Gastric cancer can be divided into two histologic types: intestinal and diffuse. To determine whether Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium linked with gastritis, was associated with either cancer type, we reviewed histologic sections from stomachs of patients who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Of 37 of the sections with evidence of intestinal-type cancer, 33 (89.2%) contained H pylori in noncancerous tissue compared with 7 (31.8%) of 22 of the sections with evidence of diffuse-type cancer (odds ratio = 17.7; P less than .001). This association remained strong when controlled for age, sex, site, and number of sections reviewed. The prevalence of H pylori in intestinal-type gastric cancer far exceeded the prevalence of H pylori in diffuse disease and that described in the normal US population. This finding suggests that H pylori may be a cofactor in development of intestinal-type gastric cancer.
Functional Role of Arginine-11 in the N-Terminal Helix of Skeletal Troponin C: Combined Mutagenesis and Molecular Dynamics Investigation (1995)

The two main structural differences between calmodulin (CaM) and skeletal troponin C (sTnC) are the absence in CaM of (i) the short N-terminal helix in TnC and (ii) the triplet KGK (residues 91-93; numbering according to chicken sTnC). It was recently shown that deletion of both structural groups from sTnC imparted to the resulting construct the CaM-like ability to activate phosphodiesterase (PDE) and to regulate force development in smooth muscle. To continue probing of the structural basis of the differential behavior of sTnC and CaM, residue Arg-11 in rabbit sTnC was mutated to Ala because the interactions of Arg-11 with distal residues in the N-terminal domain seem to link the N-terminal helix to the rest of the structure. The mutant exhibits CaM-like function in its ability to activate PDE (about 50% of CaM at 5 microM concentration). If, in addition, the KGK triplet is also deleted, PDE activation increases to about 80%. Both constructs retain their TnC function to nearly 100%. To explore the mechanistic basis of this remarkable observation, computational simulations of the molecular dynamics (MD) were carried out for both wild-type 4Ca2+.sTnC and the 4Ca2+.R11A mutant, and the results were compared to those from earlier simulations of 4Ca2+.CaM. Two types of structural changes observed from such simulations of the molecular dynamics of CaM had been considered to have a functional role: (i) a compaction to a more globular form and (ii) a reorientation of the Ca-binding domains around the central tether helix.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Contemporary hormonal management of advanced prostate cancer. (1998)

The traditional definition of "advanced" prostate cancer includes only patients with widespread osteoblastic or soft-tissue metastases (clinical or pathologic stage T any N any M1; or stage D2). Current evidence indicates that this definition should be broadened. Because many patients with T3 disease or local lymph node metastases progress to distant metastases, the concept of advanced prostate cancer should also include stages C and D1 (T3, T4, and any T N1). Furthermore, based on pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, many men treated for clinically localized disease will progress rapidly and, depending on their age and general health, should be included in the advanced-disease category. Also, using prognostic marker modeling with PSA, tumor grade, and other factors, recurrences can be predicted even earlier in many cases. This may be particularly significant in light of recent clinical data indicating that early androgen ablation therapy delays disease progression and improves survival in patients with advanced (M0 or M1) disease. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists have become the preferred method of androgen ablation in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Use of an LHRH agonist, alone or combined with an antiandrogen, is more acceptable to many patients than orchiectomy and lacks the potential cardiotoxicity associated with estrogens. Combined hormonal therapy remains controversial but may provide a modest survival benefit, especially in men with minimal metastatic disease. Intermittent hormonal therapy has great appeal, particularly because of the potentially deleterious effects of long-term hormonal therapy; however, its efficacy has yet to be proven.
Community acquired pneumonia---a prospective UK study (2000)

Viral infection accounted for 71% of the cases diagnosed. Group A streptococcus was the most common bacterial infective agent, with a low incidence of both Mycoplasma pneumoniae and S pneumoniae. Pneumococcal pneumonia was the most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in children under 2 years but not in older children. Inflammatory markers and chest x ray features did not differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia; serology and viral immunofluorescence were the most useful diagnostic tests.
Presence of activator proteins for the enzymic hydrolysis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides in normal human urine. (1983)

Normal human urine has been found to contain activator proteins that stimulate the enzymic hydrolysis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides. These two activators were partially purified by Sephadex G-200 filtration and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography. The presence of these two activators was assayed by demonstrating the stimulation of the in vitro hydrolysis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides. As little as 50 ml of urine is sufficient to detect the presence of these two activators. The crude activator preparation from normal urine was also found to stimulate the hydrolysis of galactosylceramide sulfate by arylsulfatase A.
Self-assembly of cholesterol-hydrotropic dendrimer conjugates into micelle-like structure: Preparation and hydrotropic solubilization of paclitaxel (2005)

A hydrotropic dendrimer, made of polyglycerol dendrimer of generation 4 (PGD-G4), was conjugated with cholesterol. The self-assembled structure of the conjugate in water was characterized by 1H-NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). One cholesterol molecule was conjugated to PGD-G4, which was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The DLS analysis showed that the conjugate formed self-assembly with a diameter of 49.9–59.9 nm. The AFM image suggests that the self-assembly is a micelle-like sphere. The level of paclitaxel solubilization by the conjugate in water was similar to that of PGD-G4 itself, and this suggests that the PGD-G4 is located on the outer part of the self-assembly to function as a hydrotrope.
The crystal structures of PKG Iβ (92-227) with cGMP and cAMP reveal the molecular details of cyclic-nucleotide binding (2011)

Cyclic GMP is a crucial second messenger that translates extracellular signals into a variety of cellular responses. As a central mediator of the Nitric Oxide-cGMP signalling cascade, which regulates vascular tone, platelet aggregation, nociception and hipocampal/cerebellar learning, Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs) represents an important drug target for treating hypertensive diseases and erectile dysfunction. The fidelity of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway is largely dependent on PKG’s ability to selectively bind cGMP over cAMP. Although both cGMP and cAMP bind and activate PKG, cGMP preferentially activates PKG 60-100 fold better than cAMP; yet, little is known about the molecular features required for the cGMP selectivity of PKG. We have investigated the mechanism of cyclic nucleotide binding to PKG by determining crystal structures of the amino-terminal cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD-A) of human PKG I bound to either cGMP or cAMP. We also determined the structure of CNBD-A in the absence of bound nucleotide.
Sol-gel preparation of thin films for integrated optics (2003)

The sol-gel process may be considered a method for producing glass and ceramic materials from metallorganic precursors by low temperature polymerization reactions. The process represents a powerful tool for making almost all kinds of transparent materials with interesting optical and photonic properties. In this paper, we present the experiments performed for the synthesizing of materials for optical applications in the 780, 1300 and 1500 nm range (waveguides, micromirrors, transducing layers for waveguide-based gas sensors). The correlation between the method of preparation and optical properties of two types of basic materials for thin films: monocomponent and binary materials (SiO/sub 2/, SiO/sub 2/-TiO/sub 2/, SiO/sub 2/-ZrO/sub 2/) was approached. Optical waveguides on silicon substrates were prepared using these materials. Also processes for porous layers doped with photochromic substances were developed. These layers offer many advantages over polymer films, for example, superior optical and mechanical properties and the ability to tailor film properties via the sol-gel fabrication process. We deposited these layers on channel waveguides to obtain chemical sensors with optical readout.
Molecular Cloning of a Feline Leukemia Virus That Induces Fatal Immunodeficiency Disease in Cats (1988)

A replication-defective variant of feline leukemia virus was molecularly cloned directly from infected tissue and found to induce a rapid and fatal immunodeficiency syndrome in cats. Studies with cloned viruses also showed that subtle mutational changes would convert a minimally pathogenic virus into one that would induce an acute form of immunodeficiency. The data suggest that acutely pathogenic viruses may be selected against by current methods for isolation of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses.
Antibacterial effects of Zingiber Officinale and Garcinia Kola on respiratory tract pathogens (2002)

Results indicated that extracts of ginger root and bitter kola may contain compounds with therapeutic activity.
In Vitro Production of Haploid Plants of Corn via Anther Culture1 (1982)

The objectives of the present study were to confirm the Chinese reports of haploid plant production from corn microspores via anther culture and to further define conditions for improved efficiency. Various genotypes (both Chinese and U.S.A.), media and cold‐shock pretreatments of tassels were evaluated. The basal Chinese medium, designated Yu‐pei, was modified to test various organic and inorganic additives. Variations in degree and duration of cold pretreatment were studied. Highly significant differences for anthers responding with calli or embryoids were found among genotypes, media, and cold treatments. Two American germplasms, inbred Tx601 and the Armstrong variety, produced plants from cultured anthers. A 14‐day cold pretreatment of tassels was found to elicit the best response. Adding activated charcoal to the basal medium further improved response. Under optimum conditions for pretreatment and medium, 18.3% of the treated anters responded. Of those anthers responding with callus or embryoid production, a maximum of 19.2% produced plantlets. Chromosome counts of both haploid and diploid plants were obtained. A total of 20 haploid and diploid plants were grown to maturity and studied in the greenhouse. One haploid/diploid mosaic was selfed while a second pollen plant which could not be selfed was pollenated with pollen from a third anther derived plant.