gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholera toxin and pertussis toxin regulate the Fc receptor-mediated phagocytic response of human neutrophils in a manner analogous to regulation by monoclonal antibody 1C2. (1987)

Data presented in this paper indicate that polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis can be markedly augmented and that this augmentation is under regulatory control. Stimulation of PMN with either a low m.w., heat-labile cytokine(s) (the culture supernatant effluent from a YM-10 Centricon unit, YM-10E), phorbol esters (phorbol dibutyrate), or the polyene antibiotic, amphotericin B, enhances Fc-mediated ingestion in a dose-dependent manner. YM-10 effluent- and amphotericin B-stimulated ingestion is completely abrogated by treating the PMN with either pertussis toxin (PT), cholera toxin (CT), or a monoclonal antibody (mAb), 1C2. However, neither toxin nor mAb 1C2 affects nonstimulated ingestion or phagocytosis stimulated by phorbol esters or synthetic diacylglycerol. Increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels by stimulation with prostaglandin E1 and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, isobutylmethylxanthine, does not mimic the effect of either toxin or mAb 1C2. In addition, toxin-mediated inhibition is not due to loss of either the Fc receptor recognized by mAb 3G8 or the antigen recognized by mAb 1C2. These data indicate that both CT and PT regulate the phagocytic response of PMN, in a manner like mAb 1C2, probably by affecting a guanosine 5'-triphosphate-binding protein distinct from those that regulate adenylate cyclase. Since phorbol ester-stimulated ingestion is not inhibited by either PT, CT, or mAb 1C2 and phorbol esters activate protein kinase C directly, phagocytosis amplification regulated by PT, CT, and mAb 1C2 may involve protein kinase C activation.
Regulation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Internalization by G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2003)

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Cellular responses to EGF are dependent upon the amount of EGFR present on the cell surface. Stimulation with EGF induces sequestration of the receptor from the plasma membrane and its subsequent downregulation. Recently, internalization of the EGFR was also shown to be required for mitogenic signaling via the activation of MAP kinases. Therefore, mechanisms regulating internalization of the EGFR represent an important facet for the control of cellular response. Here, we demonstrate that EGFR is removed from the cell surface not only following stimulation with EGF, but also in response to stimulation of G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and beta2 adrenergic (beta2AR) receptors. Using a FLAG epitope-tagged EGFR to quantitate receptor internalization, we show that incubation with EGF, LPA, or isoproterenol (ISO) causes the time-dependent loss of cell surface EGFR. Internalization of EGFR by these ligands involves the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor itself and c-Src, as well as the GTPase activity of dynamin. Unexpectedly, we find that internalization of the EGFR by EGF is dependent upon Gbetagamma and beta-arrestin proteins; expression of minigenes encoding the carboxyl terminii of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, or beta-arrestin1, attenuates LPA-, ISO-, and EGF-mediated internalization of EGFR. Thus, G protein-coupled receptors can control the function of the EGFR by regulating its endocytosis.
Epstein-Barr virus regulates activation and processing of the third component of complement. (1988)

Serum incubated with purified EBV was found to contain C3 cleavage fragments characteristic of C3c. Since the cofactors necessary for such cleavage of C3b by factor I are not normally present in serum, EBV was tested for factor I cofactor activity. Purified EBV from both human and marmoset EBV-producing cell lines was found to act as a cofactor for the factor I-mediated breakdown C3b to iC3b and iC3b to C3c and C3dg. EBV also acted as a cofactor for the factor I-mediated cleavage of C4b to iC4b and iC4b to C4c and C4d. EBV from both the human and marmoset cell lines accelerated the decay of the alternative pathway C3 convertase. The classical pathway C3 convertase was unaffected. Multiple lines of evidence eliminated the possibility that marmoset or human CR1 was responsible for the functional activities of EBV preparations. The spectrum of activities was different from CR1 in that EBV and EBV-expressing cell lines failed to rosette with C3b or particles bearing C3b, the primary functional assay for CR1, and EBV did not accelerate classical pathway C3 convertase decay, another property of CR1. In addition, CR1 could not be detected immunologically on marmoset or human EBV-expressing cells and mAbs to CR1 failed to alter EBV-produced decay acceleration and factor I cofactor activities, although the antibodies blocked the same CR1-dependent functional activities. The multiple complement regulatory activities exhibited by purified EBV derived from human and marmoset cells differ from those of any of the known C3 or C4 regulatory proteins. These various activities would be anticipated to provide survival value for the virus by subverting complement- and cell-dependent host defense mechanisms.
A Double-Blind, Crossover Assessment of the Sedative and Analgesic Effects of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine (2007)

The intranasal route is effective, well tolerated, and convenient for the administration of dexmedetomidine. Future studies are required to evaluate the possible role of the noninvasive route of administration of dexmedetomidine in various clinical settings, including its role as premedication prior to induction of anesthesia.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Heteroarenes and Arenes (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTAsymmetric Hydrogenation of Heteroarenes and ArenesDuo-Sheng Wang, Qing-An Chen, Sheng-Mei Lu, and Yong-Gui Zhou*View Author Information State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 4, 2557–2590Publication Date (Web):November 18, 2011Publication History Received20 August 2011Published online18 November 2011Published inissue 11 April 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr200328hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr200328hreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19433Altmetric-Citations946LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrogenation,Ligands,Quinolines,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Ortho Lithiation of Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives and Its Use for the Facile Construction of Polymerization Catalysts (2007)

Ortho lithiation is achieved by the treatment of tBuLi to the lithium carbamate compounds derived from 2-R-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines (R = H, methyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, and 6-tert-butoxyhexyl), which enables the facile construction of the o-phenylene-bridged (Me4C5, indenyl, or fluorenyl)/amido titanium complexes. The titanium complex derived from 2-methyltetrahydroquinoline exhibits higher activity, higher 1-octene incorporation, and higher molecular weight in ethylene/1-octene copolymerization than the standard CGC, [Me2Si(η5-Me4C5)(NtBu)]TiCl2.
Percutaneously placed endovascular grafts for aortic aneurysms: feasibility study. (1989)

This limited study addressed the feasibility of treating aneurysms with a new transcatheter endoprosthesis. Aortic aneurysms were experimentally created in six dogs and subsequently bridged with nylon-covered, self-expanding metallic stents. The dogs were followed up for as long as 7 months (median, 22 weeks). In each dog, the graft effectively reconstituted the aortic lumen, excluding the aneurysm. One dog exhibited minimal (less than 1-mm) residual dilatation at the site of the aneurysm 7 months after graft placement. The nylon material acted as a support and template for neointimal encasement, enabling the formation of a new vascular lumen. It also remained porous at the origin of aortic side branches, preserving the visceral blood supply. One of the endovascular grafts failed to expand completely at its distal end, which promoted thrombus formation within the graft and resulted in the occlusion of both renal arteries. The dog was found comatose 48 hours after graft placement and was killed at that time.
Nanosilicas as Accelerators in Oilwell Cementing at Low Temperatures (2014)

Abstract Accelerators are important cementing additives in deepwater wells where low temperatures can lengthen the wait-on-cement (WOC) time, potentially increasing the cost of operations. The cement set accelerators traditionally used for shortening WOC times are inorganic salts, such as CaCl2. These accelerators are known to have the potentially negative side effect of increasing the set cement permeability. Nanosilicas, on the other hand, can be advantageous compared to conventional cement set accelerators because they reduce the permeability while increasing the mechanical strength of cement-based materials. For this reason, nanosilicas are known to be particularly good candidates as replacement materials for traditional salt accelerators. This study investigates the feasibility of using different sizes and aspect ratios of nanosilicas as cement hydration accelerators under low-temperature conditions 59°F (15°). The nanosilica activities are herein defined through their comparative advantages with traditional accelerators as well as through the advantages and disadvantages of the different nanosilicas resulting from their various sizes and shapes. While hydration of oilwell cement is known to be accelerated by the addition of nanosilica, the effects of nanosilica particle shape on cement hydration kinetics has not been previously investigated. The isothermal calorimetry experiments conducted in this study reveal that just as smaller nanosilica particle sizes increase the cement set acceleration so do higher nanosilica aspect ratios. The effects of slurry density on the relative merits of CaCl2 and nanosilica are also investigated. In regular-weight slurries, the effectiveness of nanosilica acceleration appears to be weaker than that of CaCl2, especially during early ages (≤ 3 days). In lightweight slurries, the effectiveness of nanosilica acceleration can be much stronger than that of CaCl2, especially when mid- to long-term properties (≥ 2 days) are considered. Smaller particle sizes and higher aspect ratios enhance the acceleration effect of nanosilica. The compressive strength development of lightweight oilwell cements with and without accelerators was also investigated. Lightweight cements accelerated with nanosilica displayed 7-day compressive strengths up to 136% higher than those accelerated with CaCl2.
String matching on multicontext FPGAs using self-reconfiguration (1999)

FPGAs can perform better than ASICs if the logic mapped onto them is optimized for each problem instance. Unfortunately, this advantage is often canceled by the long time needed by CAD tools to generate problem instance dependent logic and the time required to configure the FPGAs.
Generation of Optically Active Glycerol Derivatives by Microbial Resolution- For Development of Useful Synthetic Units for Pharmaceuticals- (2003)

本総説では光学活性C3, C4合成ユニットの生産に向けた微生物光学分割法の研究開発に関して既述した。光学活性C3, C4合成ユニットは現在では主にさまざまな医薬品や液晶などの新素材への用途が開かれている。そこで我々は高光学純度(>98%ee) を持つ有用、かつ汎用的なC3合成ユニットとして光学活性2,3-dichlolo-1-propanol (DCP*)、epichlorohydrin (EP*)、そして glycidol (GLD*)、さらにその前駆体化合物である3-chloro-1,2-propandiol (CPD*) の生産プロセスを開発した。さらに高光学純度 (>98%ee) を持つ光学活性C4合成ユニットである4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile (BN*), 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate (CHB*), 3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone (HL*) の生産についても検討を行った。一方、これら微生物分割に関与する脱ハロゲン化酵素の数種について単離・精製ならびに本脱クロル化酵素の諸性質について検討を行つた。今回単離を行った脱ハロゲン化酵素は2種類で、それぞれデヒドロゲナーゼとカルボン酸エステル分解酵素活性を示すことが明らかとなった。さらに、それぞれの脱ハロゲン化酵素を用いることにより光学活性1,2-ジオールならびにα-,β-ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステルの生産に応用できることが判明した。
Peptide Synthesis via Amino Acid Halides (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeptide Synthesis via Amino Acid Halides†Louis A. Carpino, Michael Beyermann, Holger Wenschuh, and Michael BienertView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, A-Kowalke-Strasse 4, D-10315 Berlin, Germany Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 6, 268–274Publication Date (Web):June 13, 1996Publication History Received7 April 1995Published online13 June 1996Published inissue 13 June 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar950023whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar950023wresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4283Altmetric-Citations191LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Acid and base chemistry,Anions,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Solids Get e-Alerts
The diffusion of fast ions in Ohmic TFTR discharges (1991)

Short duration (20 msec) neutral deuterium beams are injected into the TFTR tokamak [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (IAEA, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 51]. The subsequent confinement, thermalization, and diffusion of the beam ions are studied with multichannel neutron and charge exchange diagnostics. The central fast-ion diffusion (&amp;lt;0.05 m2/sec ) is an order of magnitude smaller than typical thermal transport coefficients.
Wafer level processing of 3D system in package for RF and data application (2005)

System integration is clearly a driving force of innovation in packaging. The need for miniaturization has led to new system in package architectures, which combine disparate technologies. When several dies have to be connected in a small package, stacking appears to be the best solution. However, this 3D packaging has to satisfy high interconnection density, high data throughput with good signal integrity, and reliability needs while keeping a low cost. New developments on wafer level packaging and 3D packaging are in progress in a European project called Walpack (PIDEA project n/spl deg/ 01-131). The aim of this project is to develop equipment and processes for smart card, RF communications and 3D system in package. This paper is mainly focused on two different 3D packaging approaches proposed respectively by 3D-PLUS and Thales: ultra-thin 3D module; stacking of multi chip module with integrated passives. The major interest is to base process packaging at wafer level. Both the first results on packaging concepts and the first electrical results are presented and commented in this paper.
Vulnerability for apoptosis in the limbic system after myocardial infarction in rats: a possible model for human postinfarct major depression (2007)

Behavioural impairment and limbic apoptotic events observed after a myocardial infarct are consistent with a model of human post-MI depression.
Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Induces Synthesis of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α (2004)

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor composed of HIF-1 alpha and HIF-1 beta that is the central regulator of responses to hypoxia. The specific binding of HIF-1 to the hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) induces the transcription of genes that respond to hypoxic conditions, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Here we report that expression of HIF-1 alpha is increased in diverse Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected type II and III cell lines, which express EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), the principal EBV oncoprotein, as well as other latency proteins, but not in the parental EBV-negative cell lines. We show first that transfection of an LMP1 expression plasmid into Ad-AH cells, an EBV-negative nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line, induces synthesis of HIF-1 alpha protein without increasing its stability or mRNA level. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase inhibitor PD98059 markedly reduces induction of HIF-1 alpha by LMP1. Catalase, an H(2)O(2) scavenger, strongly suppresses LMP1-induced production of H(2)O(2), which results in a decrease in the expression of HIF-1 alpha induced by LMP1. Inhibition of the NF-kappa B, c-jun N-terminal kinase, p38 MAPK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways did not affect HIF-1 alpha expression. Moreover, LMP1 induces HIF-1 DNA binding activity and upregulates HRE and VEGF promoter transcriptional activity. Finally, LMP1 increases the appearance of VEGF protein in extracellular fluids; induction of VEGF is suppressed by PD98059 or catalase. These results suggest that LMP1 increases HIF-1 activity through induction of HIF-1 alpha protein expression, which is controlled by p42/p44 MAPK activity and H(2)O(2). The ability of EBV, and specifically its major oncoprotein, LMP1, to induce HIF-1 alpha along with other invasiveness and angiogenic factors reported previously discloses additional oncogenic properties of this tumor virus.
The Effect of a Nonabsorbed Oral Antibiotic (Rifaximin) on the Symptoms of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (2006)

Rifaximin improves IBS symptoms for up to 10 weeks after the discontinuation of therapy.
Construction and expression of an ethanol production operon in Gram-positive bacteria (2005)

Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), an enzyme central to homoethanol fermentation, catalyses the non-oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde with release of carbon dioxide. PDC enzymes from diverse organisms have different kinetic properties, thermal stability and codon usage that are likely to offer unique advantages for the development of desirable Gram-positive biocatalysts for use in the ethanol industry. To examine this further, pdc genes from bacteria to yeast were expressed in the Gram-positive host Bacillus megaterium. The PDC activity and protein levels were determined for each strain. In addition, the levels of pdc-specific mRNA transcripts and stability of recombinant proteins were assessed. From this analysis, the pdc gene of Gram-positive Sarcina ventriculi was found to be the most advantageous for engineering high-level synthesis of PDC in a Gram-positive host. This gene was thus selected for transcriptional coupling to the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adh) of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. The resulting Gram-positive ethanol production operon was expressed at high levels in B. megaterium. Extracts from this recombinant were shown to catalyse the production of ethanol from pyruvate.
Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation: a prospective 6-month pilot study (2011)

The use of e-Cigarette substantially decreased cigarette consumption without causing significant side effects in smokers not intending to quit (http://ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01195597).
Hydrophobicity scale for proteins based on inverse temperature transitions (1992)

In general, proteins fold with hydrophobic residues buried, away from water. Reversible protein folding due to hydrophobic interactions results from inverse temperature transitions where folding occurs on raising the temperature. Because homoiothermic animals constitute an infinite heat reservoir, it is the transition temperature, Tt, not the endothermic heat of the transition, that determines the hydrophobically folded state of polypeptides at body temperature. Reported here is a new hydrophobicity scale based on the values of Tt for each amino acid residue as a guest in a natural repeating peptide sequence, the high polymers of which exhibit reversible inverse temperature transitions. Significantly, a number of ways have been demonstrated for changing Tt such that reversibly lowering Tt from above to below physiological temperature becomes a means of isothermally and reversibly driving hydrophobic folding. Accordingly, controlling Tt becomes a mechanism whereby proteins can be induced to carry out isothermal free energy transduction.
Nonpeptidic analogues of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence specifically inhibit the adhesion of human tenon's capsule fibroblasts to fibronectin. (1994)

Nonpeptidic mimetics of RGD are attractive candidates for therapeutic agents to prevent the formation of scar tissue and related RGD-dependent pathologic events.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Glycoprotein D Gene: Nucleotide Sequence and Expression in Escherichia coli (1982)

The protein coding region of the herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein D (gD) gene was mapped, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The predicted amino acid sequence of the gD polypeptide was found to contain a number of features in common with other virus glycoproteins. Insertion of this protein coding region into a bacterial expressor plasmid enabled synthesis in Escherichia coli of an immunoreactive gD-related polypeptide. The potential of this system for preparation of a type-common herpes simplex virus vaccine is discussed.
What do packet dispersion techniques measure? (2002)

The packet pair technique estimates the capacity of a path (bottleneck bandwidth) from the dispersion (spacing) experienced by two back-to-back packets. We demonstrate that the dispersion of packet pairs in loaded paths follows a multimodal distribution, and discuss the queueing effects that cause the multiple modes. We show that the path capacity is often not the global mode, and so it cannot be estimated using standard statistical procedures. The effect of the size of the probing packets is also investigated, showing that the conventional wisdom of using maximum sized packet pairs is not optimal. We then study the dispersion of long packet trains. Increasing the length of the packet train reduces the measurement variance, but the estimates converge to a value, referred to as the asymptotic dispersion rate (ADR), that is lower than the capacity. We derive the effect of the cross traffic in the dispersion of long packet trains, showing that the ADR is not the available bandwidth in the path, as was assumed in previous work. Putting all the pieces together, we present a capacity estimation methodology that has been implemented in a tool called pathrate.