gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overcoming Intrinsic Restriction Enzyme Barriers Enhances Transformation Efficiency in Arthrospira platensis C1 (2017)

The development of a reliable genetic transformation system for Arthrospira platensis has been a long-term goal, mainly for those trying either to improve its performance in large-scale cultivation systems or to enhance its value as food and feed additives. However, so far, most of the attempts to develop such a transformation system have had limited success. In this study, an efficient and stable transformation system for A. platensis C1 was successfully developed. Based on electroporation and transposon techniques, exogenous DNA could be transferred to and stably maintained in the A. platensis C1 genome. Most strains of Arthrospira possess strong restriction barriers, hampering the development of a gene transfer system for this group of cyanobacteria. By using a type I restriction inhibitor and liposomes to protect the DNA from nuclease digestion, the transformation efficiency was significantly improved. The transformants were able to grow on a selective medium for more than eight passages, and the transformed DNA could be detected from the stable transformants. We propose that the intrinsic endonuclease enzymes, particularly the type I restriction enzyme, in A. platensis C1 play an important role in the transformation efficiency of this industrial important cyanobacterium.
Alpha Interferon Induces Distinct Translational Control Programs To Suppress Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication (2003)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is treated with interferon (IFN)-based therapy. The mechanisms by which IFN suppresses HCV replication are not known, and only limited efficacy is achieved with therapy because the virus directs mechanisms to resist the host IFN response. In the present study we characterized the effects of IFN action upon the replication of two distinct quasispecies of an HCV replicon whose encoded NS5A protein exhibited differential abilities to bind and inhibit protein kinase R (PKR). Metabolic labeling experiments revealed that IFN had little overall effect upon HCV protein stability or polyprotein processing but specifically blocked translation of the HCV RNA, such that the replication of both viral quasispecies was suppressed by IFN treatment of the Huh7 host cells. However, within cells expressing an NS5A variant that inhibited PKR, we observed a reduced level of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation and a concomitant increase in HCV protein synthetic rates, enhancement of viral RNA replication, and a partial rescue of viral internal ribosome entry site (IRES) function from IFN suppression. Assessment of the ribosome distribution of the HCV replicon RNA demonstrated that the NS5A-mediated block in eIF2alpha phosphorylation resulted in enhanced recruitment of the HCV RNA into polyribosome complexes in vivo but only partially rescued the RNA from polyribosome dissociation induced by IFN treatment. Examination of cellular proteins associated with HCV-translation complexes in IFN-treated cells identified the P56 protein as an eIF3-associated factor that fractionated with the initiator ribosome-HCV RNA complex. Importantly, we found that P56 could independently suppress HCV IRES function both in vitro and in vivo, but a mutant P56 that was unable to bind eIF3 had no suppressive action. We conclude that IFN blocks HCV replication through translational control programs involving PKR and P56 to, respectively, target eIF2- and eIF3-dependent steps in the viral RNA translation initiation process.
Increase of a type of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxyguanine, and its repair activity in human leukocytes by cigarette smoking. (1996)

To investigate the oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoking, the levels of a form of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), and its repair activity in the leukocytes of current smokers, ex-smokers, and complete nonsmokers were measured. The mean level of 8-OH-Gua was 1.88-fold higher in smokers as compared to complete nonsmokers (the difference was statistically significant, P = 0.013). The mean 8-OH-Gua repair activity was 1.6-fold higher in smokers than complete nonsmokers (the difference was statistically significant, P = 0.0053). A positive association was observed for the 8-OH-Gua levels and its repair activity. Considerable interindividual variations in the 8-OH-Gua levels (current smokers, 3.5-fold; nonsmokers, 7.2-fold) and in its repair activity (current smokers, 7.5-fold; nonsmokers. 5.5-fold) were observed. These results demonstrate that not only smoking status but also life-style, environment, and genetic differences might have effects on the level of 8-OH-Gua and its repair activity in human leukocytes.
Neutrophil-independent protective effect of r-metHuG-CSF in ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle (2000)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the cytokine, r-metHuG-CSF, in a rat model of ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the pathophysiological mechanism involved. The administration of r-metHuG-CSF (20 (g/kg, s.c.) 4 h prior to either 100 min or 2 h of tourniquet ischaemia to the upper thigh significantly improved the viability of skeletal muscle after 24 h reperfusion compared with saline-treated rats (P < 0.05). Administration of r-metHuG-CSF earlier (24 h before ischaemia) or later (immediately before ischaemia) had no protective effect. At the dose used, r-metHuG-CSF caused a three-fold increase in the level of circulating blood neutrophils and a modest but significant increase in the neutrophil content of ischaemic muscle after 24 h reperfusion. Reduction of neutrophils to 1.4% of normal levels by cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to injury had no significant effect on the survival of muscle subjected to 2 h ischaemia and 24 h reperfusion or on the protective effect of r-metHuG-CSF. IR injury to skeletal muscle was accompanied by a time-dependent increase in plasma TNFalpha levels during the first 8 h of reperfusion and the increase was reduced significantly by pretreatment with r-metHuG-CSF. However, a similar time-dependent increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate levels was unaffected by pretreatment with r-metHuG-CSF. These findings suggest that the protective effect of r-metHuG-CSF may be mediated by the attenuated release of TNFalpha and indicate that the level of neutrophils in either blood or injured tissue does not influence significantly the viability of rat muscle after IR injury.
Ubiquitin and malignant transformation of oral mucosa (2001)

The lack of demonstrable difference in distribution pattern of ubiquitin enzymes indicates that at present, ubiquitin cannot be used as a diagnostic marker for malignant transformation of oral SCC.
ITQ-54: a multi-dimensional extra-large pore zeolite with 20 × 14 × 12-ring channels (2014)

A multi-dimensional extra-large pore silicogermanate zeolite, named ITQ-54, has been synthesised by <i>in situ</i> decomposition of the <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dicyclohexylisoindolinium cation into the <i>N</i>-cyclohexylisoindolinium cation. Its structure was solved by 3D rotation electron diffraction (RED) from crystals of <i>ca.</i> 1 μm in size. The structure of ITQ-54 contains straight intersecting 20 × 14 × 12-ring channels along the three crystallographic axes and it is one of the few zeolites with extra-large channels in more than one direction. ITQ-54 has a framework density of 11.1 T atoms per 1000 Å<sup>3</sup>, which is one of the lowest among the known zeolites. ITQ-54 was obtained together with GeO<sub>2</sub> as an impurity. A heavy liquid separation method was developed and successfully applied to remove this impurity from the zeolite. ITQ-54 is stable up to 600 °C and exhibits permanent porosity. The structure was further refined using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data for both as-made and calcined samples.
TDMHSAS BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES (2013)

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR, 2000), trauma is defined as, the experience of a real or perceived threat to life or bodily injury OR the life or bodily injury of a loved one AND causes an overwhelming sense of terror, horror, helplessness and fear. (Note: The DSM-5 will include a new chapter titled “Traumaand Stressor-Related Disorders”. However, it is not available in either print or electronic format at the time of this publication.)
Ambient Pollution and Heart Rate Variability (2000)

Background —We investigated associations between ambient pollution levels and cardiovascular function in a repeated measures study including 163 observations on twenty-one 53- to 87-year-old active Boston residents observed up to 12 times from June to September 1997. Particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) were measured continuously using a tapered element oscillating microbalance. Methods and Results —The protocol involved 25 minutes per week of continuous Holter ECG monitoring, including 5 minutes of rest, 5 minutes of standing, 5 minutes of exercise outdoors, 5 minutes of recovery, and 20 cycles of slow breathing. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed through time domain variables: the standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN) and the square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal RR intervals (r-MSSD). Mean 4-hour PM 2.5 levels ranged from 3 to 49 μg/m 3 ; 1-hour ozone levels ranged from 1 to 77 ppb. In multivariate analyses, significantly less HRV (SDNN and r-MSSD) was associated with elevated PM 2.5 . During slow breathing, a reduction in r-MSSD of 6.1 ms was associated with an interquartile (14.3 μg/m 3 ) increase in PM 2.5 during the hour of and the 3 hours previous to the Holter session ( P =0.006). During slow breathing, a multiple pollution model was associated with a reduction in r-MSSD of 5.4 ms ( P =0.02) and 5.5 ms ( P =0.03) for interquartile changes in PM 2.5 and ozone, respectively, resulting in a combined effect equivalent to a 33% reduction in the mean r-MSSD. Conclusions —Particle and ozone exposure may decrease vagal tone, resulting in reduced HRV.
Sequences of G gamma, A gamma, and beta genes of the Greek (A gamma) HPFH mutant: evidence for a distal CCAAT box mutation in the A gamma gene. (1985)

Sequencing of the A gamma, G gamma and beta genes of a chromosome containing the A gamma Greek HPFH determinant revealed a mutation in position -117 of the promoter of the A gamma gene. The mutation is located in the distal member of the duplicated CCAAT box of the gamma gene. The finding suggests that the DNA region that includes the CCAAT box may play a role in the developmental control of gamma genes. It is suggested that the CCAAT box or its surroundings are involved in interactions between DNA and regulatory molecules whose binding results in silencing of gamma gene expression. Substitution at -117 of the A gamma gene may inhibit the interaction resulting in an A gamma HPFH phenotype. Sequencing of the beta genes of an A gamma Greek HPFH/beta thalassemia heterozygote was done to test whether beta gene expression takes place in cis to the A gamma HPFH determinant. The beta gene of the HPFH chromosome was found to be structurally normal. The beta thalassemia gene possessed a splicing site mutation known to create a beta thalassemia phenotype. These data provide structural evidence for expression of the beta gene in cis to the HPFH determinant.
Racemates versus enantiomers in drug development: Dogmatism or pragmatism? (1990)

Abstract No Absract.
Temperature dependence of growth and membrane-bound activities of Chloroflexus aurantiacus energy metabolism (1983)

The temperature dependence of various activities related to the energy metabolism of isolated membranes and whole cells of the thermophilic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus was determined after phototrophic growth at either 40, 50, or 60 degrees C. The data obtained were expressed by use of Arrhenius plots. Maximum activities were determined at about 65 degrees C for succinate 2,4-dichlorophenol-indophenol reductase as well as NADH oxidase and at about 70 degrees C for Mg-ATPase and for light-induced proton extrusion by cells. Activation energies for Mg-ATPase and light-induced proton extrusion were about 40 kJ mol-1 from 30 degrees C to about 50 degrees C and they increased significantly at higher temperatures. Essentially the same dependency was detectable with NADH oxidase, except for an increase in activation energy below 41 degrees C. All of these responses were independent of growth temperature. Succinate-2,4-dichlorophenol-indophenol reductase showed a change in activation energy around 41 degrees C only with cells grown at 60 degrees C. Differences in the responses of cells grown at different temperatures were identified on the basis of changes from sigmoidal to hyperbolic kinetics for light saturation of proton extrusion. Moreover, the thermostability of proton extrusion was maximal when assayed at the corresponding growth temperatures. In any case, thermostability was lowest at the 65 and 68 degrees C assay temperatures. Differential scanning calorimetry with membranes revealed irreversible heat uptake from about 60 to 72 degrees C. The results are discussed in light of the activation energy for the specific growth rate, which is lowest at temperatures from 40 degrees C to the optimum at 60 degrees C.
Implementation of 'K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Bone Metabolism and Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease' after the introduction of cinacalcet in a population of patients on chronic haemodialysis (2007)

In summary, the combination of cinacalcet and low doses of vitamin D improved significantly the control of PTH and Ca x P in patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism on chronic haemodialysis, without adverse effects and with lower doses of phosphate binders.
Inertial sensing of human movement (2002)

Inclination measurement of human movement using a 3D accelerometer with autocalibration 17Measuring orientation of human body segments using miniature gyroscopes and accelerometers 37 Ambulatory measurement of arm orientation 59A method to Measure angular velocity and acceleration in three dimensions using a triaxial single mass inertial sensor -a model study 73
Cholera: The American Scientific Experience, 1947-1980. (1983)

Cholera: the American Scientific experience 1947-1980 , Cholera: the American Scientific experience 1947-1980 , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Influenza Pandemics: Can We Prepare for the Unpredictable? (2004)

Although no viruses are better understood or more intensively studied than the viruses of influenza, if the next influenza pandemic occurs within the next 5–10 years its control will depend on innovations in vaccine production developed more than 40 years ago, but not yet applied to the full extent demanded by our present hard-won knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease. We have become so enamored of the brilliant advances made in the interim in understanding the molecular biology of both virus and host that common sense and inexpensive implementation of proven and older methods of control have been neglected as an interim barricade. In this review, I have advocated a return to first principles, while embracing the promise and returns of contemporary research. With the assumption that the next pandemic virus will contain one of the 13 influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtypes not currently causing epidemic human disease, high-yield reassortant viruses of each of these subtypes should be produced with all dispatch and, in collaboration with industry, tested for production stability and immunogenicity in humans. From this archive, an appropriate reassortant could be selected within days or weeks, and production could ensue. If not a perfect match with the imminent pandemic virus, this “barricade vaccine” could stand as a first line of defense until supplanted by a definitive “rampart vaccine,” matching better the emergent, potentially pandemic virus.
International Consensus Conference on High-Dose Therapy With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas: Report of the Jury (1999)

Article Tools SPECIAL ARTICLE Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.1.423 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10458261 International Consensus Conference on High-Dose Therapy With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas: Report of the Jury M.A. ShippxM.A. ShippSearch for articles by this author , M.D. AbeloffxM.D. AbeloffSearch for articles by this author , K.H. AntmanxK.H. AntmanSearch for articles by this author , G. CarrollxG. CarrollSearch for articles by this author , A. HagenbeekxA. HagenbeekSearch for articles by this author , M. LoefflerxM. LoefflerSearch for articles by this author , E. MontserratxE. MontserratSearch for articles by this author , J.A. RadfordxJ.A. RadfordSearch for articles by this author , G. SallesxG. SallesSearch for articles by this author , N. SchmitzxN. SchmitzSearch for articles by this author , M. SymannxM. SymannSearch for articles by this author , J.O. ArmitagexJ.O. ArmitageSearch for articles by this author , T. PhilipxT. PhilipSearch for articles by this author , B. CoiffierxB. CoiffierSearch for articles by this author Show More https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.1.423 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Docetaxel Loaded PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles: Optimized Drug Loading, In-vitro Cytotoxicity and In-vivo Antitumor Effect. (2014)

In this study a 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to prepare optimized docetaxel (DTX) loaded pegylated poly lactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA) Nanoparticles (NPs) with polymer concentration (X1), drug concentration (X2) and ratio of the organic to aqueous solvent (X3) as the independent variables and particle size (Y1), poly dispersity index (PDI) (Y2) and drug loading (Y3) as the responses. The cytotoxicity of optimized DTX loaded PEG-PLGA NPs was studied in SKOV3 tumor cell lines by standard MTT assay. The in-vivo antitumor efficacy of DTX loaded PLGA-PEG NPs was assessed in tumor bearing female BALB/c mice. The optimum level of Y1, Y2 and Y3 predicted by the model were 188 nm, 0.16 and 9% respectively with perfect agreement with the experimental data. The in-vitro release profile of optimum formulation showed a burst release of approximately 20% (w/w) followed by a sustained release profile of the loaded drug over 288 h. The DTX loaded optimized nanoparticles showed a greater cytotoxicity against SKOV3 cancer cells than free DTX. Enhanced tumor-suppression effects were achieved with DTX-loaded PEG-PLGA NPs. These results demonstrated that optimized NPs could be a potentially useful delivery system for DTX as an anticancer agent.
Analysis of human interferon-γ glycoforms produced in baculovirus infected insect cells by matrix assisted laser desorption spectrometry (1995)

Conference Article| February 01 1995 Analysis of human interferon-γ glycoforms produced in baculovirus infected insect cells by matrix assisted laser desorption spectrometry OLOTU W. OGONAH; OLOTU W. OGONAH 1Research School of Bioscience, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT B. FREEDMAN; ROBERT B. FREEDMAN 1Research School of Bioscience, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NIGEL JENKINS; NIGEL JENKINS 1Research School of Bioscience, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar BARRIE C. ROONEY BARRIE C. ROONEY 1Research School of Bioscience, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (1): 100S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023100s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation OLOTU W. OGONAH, ROBERT B. FREEDMAN, NIGEL JENKINS, BARRIE C. ROONEY; Analysis of human interferon-γ glycoforms produced in baculovirus infected insect cells by matrix assisted laser desorption spectrometry. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1995; 23 (1): 100S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023100s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: MALD-TOF, Matrix assisted laser desorption-time of flight spectrometry, HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography, Sf9, Spodoptera frugiperda, IFN-γ, Interferon -γ, CHO, Chinese hamster ovary This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Experimental simulation of dissolved oxygen fluctuations in large fermentors: Effect on Streptomyces clavuligerus (1991)

An experimental Monte Carlo method was used to study the effect of fluctuations in oxygen concentration on the synthesis of antibiotics by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Air was supplied to the culture in a 2-L fermentor in random cycles following the lognormal distribution in order to model the circulation within large production-scale vessels. Each cycle consisted of air supply for 5 s followed by no aeration for the balance of the cycle time which ranged from 8 to 44 s, with a mean time of 20 s. Comparable experiments were also conducted with constant period cycling of air and with continuous supply of air. The yields of cephamycin C and its precursor, penicillin N, were suppressed by the Monte Carlo simulation of circulation in a large tank, as compared to constant period cycling. The concentration of dissolved oxygen remained at a low, ca. 5% of saturation, for 5-10 h longer during the Monte Carlo experiment than during the periodic aeration experiment. The biosynthetic enzymes, which are sensitive to oxygen levels, were likely affected not only by the mean time of cycling but also by the distribution of the cycles.
High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein at the crossroads between innate and adaptive immunity (2007)

Tissue damage occurs often in the life of mammals and is usually repaired. Dying cells are swiftly phagocytosed, but before disappearing, they alert surrounding cells to activate homeostatic programs. They release signals that recruit inflammatory cells to the site of injury, promote cell migration and cell division to replace dead cells, and activate the immune system in anticipation of microbial invasion. Many of these events involve high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a nuclear protein that is released passively when necrotic cells lose the integrity of their membranes. HMGB1 behaves as a trigger of inflammation, attracting inflammatory cells, and of tissue repair, recruiting stem cells and promoting their proliferation. Moreover, HMGB1 activates dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes their functional maturation and their response to lymph node chemokines. Activated leukocytes actively secrete HMGB1 in the microenvironment. Thus, HMGB1 acts in an autocrine/paracrine fashion and sustains long-term repair and defense programs. DCs secrete HMGB1 several hours after contact with the first maturation stimulus; HMGB1 secretion is critical for their ability to reach the lymph nodes, to sustain the proliferation of antigen-specific T cells, to prevent their activation-dependent apoptosis, and to promote their polarization towards a T-helper 1 phenotype. These immune responses will also be directed against self-antigens that DCs process at the time of injury and can lead to autoimmunity.