gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the angularly fused triquinane skeleton via intramolecular organometallic cyclization (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSynthesis of the angularly fused triquinane skeleton via intramolecular organometallic cyclizationMark J. Knudsen and Neil E. SchoreCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 25, 5025–5026Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00199a063https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00199a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views491Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Analysis of Aldehydes in Beer Using Solid-Phase Microextraction with On-Fiber Derivatization and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (2003)

A new, fast, sensitive, and solventless extraction technique was developed in order to analyze beer carbonyl compounds. The method was based on solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber derivatization. A derivatization agent, O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBOA), was absorbed onto a divinyl benzene/poly(dimethylsiloxane) 65-microm fiber and exposed to the headspace of a vial with a beer sample. Carbonyl compounds selectively reacted with PFBOA, and the oximes formed were desorbed into a gas chromatograph injection port and quantified by mass spectrometry. This method provided very high reproducibility and linearity. When it was used for the analysis of aged beers, nine aldehydes were detected: 2-methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal, pentanal, hexanal, furfural, methional, phenylacetaldehyde, and (E)-2-nonenal.
Nonviral Oncogenic Antigens and the Inflammatory Signals Driving Early Cancer Development as Targets for Cancer Immunoprevention (2015)

Cancer immunoprevention is an emerging field that holds much promise. Within the past 20 years, prophylactic vaccines have been implemented on the population level for the immunoprevention of carcinomas induced by viruses, specifically hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Armed with the success of prophylactic vaccines that prevent viral-induced tumors, the field must overcome its next hurdle: to develop robust prophylactic vaccines that prevent the remaining >80% of human cancers not induced by viral infection. In this review, we discuss some of the most promising non-virus-associated prophylactic vaccines that target endogenous neoantigens, including the earliest oncogene products, altered mucin 1 (MUC1) and α-enolase (ENO1), all of which produce new targets in the earliest stages of nonviral-induced tumorigenesis. We also highlight a novel attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-based vaccine expressing mutant oncogene Kras(G12D) (LM-Kras) effective in a pancreatic cancer model. A novel chimeric human/rat HER-2 plasmid vaccine (HuRT-DNA vaccine) effective in a breast cancer model is also discussed. In addition to prophylactic vaccine developments, this review highlights the potential use of classic drugs, such as aspirin and metformin, as chemopreventive agents that can potentially be used as adjuvants to enhance the anticancer immunogenicity and efficacy of noninfectious prophylactic vaccines by modulating the inflammatory pathways within the early tumor microenvironment (TME) that propels tumorigenesis. Finally, timing of prophylactic vaccine administration is critical to its immunopreventive efficacy, providing a necessary role of current and emerging biomarkers for cancer screening and early cancer detection.
Segmentation and tracking of interacting human body parts under occlusion and shadowing (2003)

The paper presents a system to segment and track multiple body parts of interacting humans in the presence of mutual occlusion and shadow. The color image sequence is processed at three levels: pixel level, blob level, and object level. A Gaussian mixture model is used at the pixel level to train and classify individual pixel colors. A Markov random field (MRF) framework is used at the blob level to merge the pixels into coherent blobs and to register inter-blob relations. A coarse model of the human body is applied at the object level as empirical domain knowledge to resolve ambiguity due to occlusion and to recover from intermittent tracking failures. A two-fold tracking scheme is used which consists of blob to blob matching in consecutive frames and blob to body part association within a frame. The tracking scheme resembles a multi-target, multi-assignment framework. The result is a tracking system that simultaneously segments and tracks multiple body parts of interacting people. Example sequences illustrate the success of the proposed paradigm.
Nuclear import of Cubitus interruptus is regulated by Hedgehog via a mechanism distinct from Ci stabilization and Ci activation (2000)

The Hedgehog (Hh) signal is transduced via Cubitus interruptus (Ci) to specify cell fates in the Drosophila wing. In the absence of Hh, the 155 kDa full-length form of Ci is cleaved into a 75 kDa repressor. Hh inhibits the proteolysis of full-length Ci and facilitates its conversion into an activator. Recently, it has been suggested that Hh promotes Ci nuclear import in tissue culture cells. We have studied the mechanism of Ci nuclear import in vivo and the relationship between nuclear import, stabilization and activation. We found that Ci rapidly translocates to the nucleus in cells close to the anteroposterior (AP) boundary and this rapid nuclear import requires Hh signaling. The nuclear import of Ci is regulated by Hh even under conditions in which Ci is fully stabilized. Furthermore, cells that exhibit Ci stabilization and rapid nuclear import do not necessarily exhibit maximal Ci activity. It has been previously shown that stabilization does not suffice for activation. Consistent with this finding, our results suggest that the mechanisms regulating nuclear import, stabilization and activation are distinct from each other. Finally, we show that cos2 and pka, two molecules that have been characterized primarily as negative regulators of Ci activity, also have positive roles in the activation of Ci in response to Hh.
Comprehensive Analysis of Cytomegalovirus pp65 Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses According to Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Allotypes and Intraindividual Dominance (2017)

To define whether individual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allotypes are used preferentially in human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses restricted by up to six HLA class I allotypes in an individual were measured in parallel using K562-based artificial antigen-presenting cells expressing both CMV pp65 antigen and one of 32 HLA class I allotypes (7 HLA-A, 14 HLA-B, and 11 HLA-C) present in 50 healthy Korean donors. The CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses to pp65 in the HLA-C allotypes were lower than responses to those in HLA-A and -B allotypes and there was no difference between the HLA-A and HLA-B loci. HLA-A*02:01, -B*07:02, and -C*08:01 showed the highest magnitude and frequency of immune responses to pp65 at each HLA class I locus. However, HLA-A*02:07, -B*59:01, -B*58:01, -B*15:11, -C*03:02, and -C*02:02 did not show any immune responses. Although each individual has up to six different HLA allotypes, 46% of the donors showed one allotype, 24% showed two allotypes, and 2% showed three allotypes that responded to pp65. Interestingly, the frequencies of HLA-A alleles were significantly correlated with the positivity of specific allotypes. Our results demonstrate that specific HLA class I allotypes are preferentially used in the CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell immune response to pp65 and that a hierarchy among HLA class I allotypes is present in an individual.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENT LOCALIZATION OF TWO DEHYDROGENASES IN HONEYBEE FLIGHT MUSCLE (1972)

Two enzymes involved in energy metabolism, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and triosephosphate dehydrogenase, were localized in honeybee flight muscle with immunofluorescent techniques. Both enzymes were found at or near the Z-band cross-striations.
Growth of InGaAs multi-quantum wells at 1.3 μm wavelength on GaAs compliant substrates (1998)

InGaAs multiple quantum wells at 1.3 μm wavelength have been grown on a twist-bonded GaAs compliant substrate. The GaAs compliant substrate contains a 30 Å GaAs thin layer bonded to a GaAs bulk substrate with a 22-degree angle. Nomarski phase contrast microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence were used to characterize the heteroepitaxial layers. The smooth and crosshatch-free surface morphology, dislocation-free cross-sectional TEM, and strong luminescence intensity all provide convincing evidences for substantial improvement of the quality of heteroepitaxial material using the compliant substrate technique. Research is underway to apply the concept and technique of compliant substrate to Si and other materials.
Efficient photon pair sources based on silicon-on-insulator microresonators (2010)

We present a general quantum-mechanical formalism to describe photon-pair generation via four-wave mixing in a
Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) microresonator. We also provide design principles for efficient photon-pair generation
in an SOI microresonator through numerical simulations. Ring-cavity designs are shown to have a much wider
dispersion-compensate frequency range than straight-cavity designs. Such on-chip quantum devices are highly
promising for future integrated quantum information processing.
RADIO-OPAQUE AGENTS IN BONE CEMENT INCREASE BONE RESORPTION (1997)

A heavy infiltrate of foreign-body macrophages is commonly seen in the fibrous membrane which surrounds an aseptically loose cemented implant. This is in response to particles of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and other biomaterials. We have previously shown that monocytes and macrophages responding to particles of bone cement are capable of differentiating into osteoclastic cells which resorb bone. To determine whether the radio-opaque additives barium sulphate (BaSO4) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) influence this process, particles of PMMA with and without these agents were added to mouse monocytes and cocultured with osteoblast-like cells on bone slices. Osteoclast differentiation, as shown by the presence of the osteoclast-associated enzyme tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and lacunar bone resorption, was observed in all cocultures. The addition of PMMA alone to these cocultures caused no increase in TRAP expression or bone resorption relative to control cocultures. Adding PMMA particles containing BaSO4 or ZrO2, however, caused an increase in TRAP expression and a highly significant increase in bone resorption. Particles containing BaSO4 were associated with 50% more bone resorption than those containing ZrO2. Our results suggest that radio-opaque agents in bone cement may contribute to the bone resorption of aseptic loosening by enhancing macrophage-osteoclast differentiation, and that PMMA containing BaSO4 is likely to be associated with more osteolysis than that containing ZrO2.
Efficacy of dendrimer‐mediated angiostatin and TIMP‐2 gene delivery on inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis: In vitro and in vivo studies (2003)

Gene transfer is an attractive approach to fight cancer by targeting cancer cells or their vasculature. Our study reports the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by a nonviral method using dendrimers associated with 36-mer anionic oligomers (ON36) for delivering angiostatin (Kringle 1-3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 genes. The optimal concentrations of dendrimers and ON36 for an efficient green fluorescent protein (GFP) plasmid delivery in endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and cancer cells (MDA-MB-435) were first chosen. Then the efficacy of transfection was determined by testing angiostatin and TIMP-2 secretion by Western blot and the biologic effects were evaluated. Angiostatin gene transfer markedly reduced in vitro (i) HMEC-1 but not MDA-MB-435 proliferation; (ii) HMEC-1 and MDA-MB-435 wound healing reparation; and (iii) capillary tube formation. TIMP-2 gene transfer did not affect cell proliferation but strongly inhibited (i) wound healing of HMEC-1 and MDA-MB-435 cells; and (ii) capillary tube formation. Supernatants of transfected-MDA-MB-435 cells also inhibited the formation of angiogenic networks on Matrigel, indicating a paracrine effect. In vivo, intratumoral angiostatin or TIMP-2 gene delivery using dendrimers associated with ON36 effectively inhibited tumor growth by 71% and 84%, respectively. Combined gene transfer resulted in 96% inhibition of tumor growth. Tumor-associated vascularization was also greatly reduced. These findings provide a basis for the further development of nonviral delivery of genes to fight cancer.
Mitogenic Signaling of Insulin-like Growth Factor I in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Requires Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Is Independent of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (1997)

Addition of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to quiescent breast tumor-derived MCF-7 cells causes stimulation of cyclin D1 synthesis, hyperphosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein pRb, DNA synthesis, and cell division. All of these effects are independent of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway since none of them is blocked by PD098059, the specific inhibitor of the MAPK activating kinase MEK1. This observation is consistent with the finding that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a strong inducer of MAPK activity in MCF-7 cells, effectively inhibits proliferation. The anti-proliferative effect of TPA in these cells may be accounted for, at least in part, by the MAPK-dependent stimulation of the synthesis of p21(WAF1/CIP1), an inhibitor of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes. In contrast, all of the observed stimulatory effects of IGF-I on cell cycle progression, cyclin D1 synthesis, and pRb hyperphosphorylation were blocked by the specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, suggesting that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity but not MAPK activity is required for transduction of the mitogenic IGF-I signal in MCF-7 cells.
Issue editors' notes (2003)

THREAT, TERROR, AND TRAUMA have, unfortunately, become watchwords of the early twenty-first century.This stems not only from the events of September 11, 2001, or from international armed conflict but from the corrosive stress of poverty and violence in many young people's lives.When traumatic threats have become commonplace in urban life and when war and terror have also become part of the day-to-day experience, we must explore how to prepare, as parents, teachers, clinicians, or youth workers.What do we need to know in order to best support children and youth?Should different types of threats and exposures to violence be addressed differently?Should preparations and interventions differ depending on the age of the child?This issue of NDYD will examine the effects of threat, stress, and traumatic events, including acts of terror, on children and youth.It is intended to help those who care for children-clinicians, youth and community workers, teachers and parents-to support resolution and recovery.What we know about individual trauma and trauma treatment has been considerably advanced in the past decade, and what we have learned is significant.We must also deepen our understanding of everyday traumas and threats as well as our approaches to collective threats such as natural disasters and terror.Indeed, this volume addresses not only the individual repercussions of threat but also a collective approach to threat.This is essential information for youth service professionals, who are often charged with the care of groups of children when a threatening incident occurs, as were the day-care providers and teachers around the World Trade Center on September 11.
Multiparameter flow cytometry in the diagnosis and management of acute leukemia. (2011)

Immunophenotypic evaluation is essential to accurate diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia. Multiparameter flow cytometry provides a rapid and effective means to collect this information, as well as providing prognostic information and a modality for minimal residual disease evaluation.
Isolation and properties of a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma-associated antigen, DU-PAN-2. (1985)

This work describes the molecular properties of a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma-associated mucin-like antigen defined by a murine monoclonal antibody (DU-PAN-2). DU-PAN-2 antigen is a large molecule, readily detected in the body fluids of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and sensitive to neuraminidase treatment and alkaline reduction. The antigen binding activity of the DU-PAN-2 immunoglobulin M antibody is markedly reduced when coupled to an insoluble matrix. Therefore, the antigen was partially purified from the serum and ascites of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Affi-Gel-Blue chromatography to remove most of the serum proteins. Noncovalently associated proteins were further separated on CsCl/CsBr density gradients and noncovalently associated lipids removed by organic solvent extraction. DU-PAN-2 antigen was monitored by a solid-phase competition radioimmunoassay. We have been able to detect antigen reactivity and analyze its electrophoretic pattern following transfer from 1% agarose gel onto nitrocellulose paper and immunoblotting with DU-PAN-2 antibody. Antigen was also labeled metabolically with various radioactive monosaccharides and sulfates. Radioimmunoprecipitation of labeled antigen with DU-PAN-2 antibody showed two distinct broad antigen bands consistent with the immunoblotting signals. The heavily glycosylated and polydisperse nature of this antigen and the results of various enzyme treatments suggest that the DU-PAN-2 epitope is expressed on a mucin-like molecule.
Angiogenesis by gene therapy: a new horizon for myocardial revascularization? (1997)

The concept of therapeutic angiogenesis is based on the premise that the potential for vascular growth inherent in vascular tissue can be utilized to promote the development of new blood vessels under the influence of the appropriate growth factors. Direct application of growth factors of the fibroblast (acidic, basic fibroblast growth factor, FGF-5), endothelial (vascular endothelial growth factor) and other series has been effective in preliminary studies. Angiogenesis by gene transfer provides an attractive alternative, with the advantage that the protein may continue to be secreted for a longer period of time and that the gene may be targeted to specific tissues to enhance efficacy and reduce systemic side effects. Angiogenesis by gene transfer is currently under investigation using a variety of growth factors and a wide array of potential delivery systems. These include application of the gene as naked DNA or by viral vector in the proximal vessel by direct intravascular injection, interventional cardiologic techniques (hydrogel coating on balloon, double balloon system, stent implantation) or by direct application to adventitia, pericardium or ischemic tissue distal to the site of arterial obstruction. As our understanding of the molecular and genetic processes underlying angiogenesis increases, and as we examine the results of preliminary animal and human protocols, we hope to develop the potential of angiogenesis by gene transfer for therapeutic use.
Functions of Ceramide in Coordinating Cellular Responses to Stress (1996)

Sphingolipid metabolites participate in key events of signal transduction and cell regulation. In the sphingomyelin cycle, a number of extracellular agents and insults (such as tumor necrosis factor, Fas ligands, and chemotherapeutic agents) cause the activation of sphingomyelinases, which act on membrane sphingomyelin and release ceramide. Multiple experimental approaches suggest an important role for ceramide in regulating such diverse responses as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cell senescence. In vitro, ceramide activates a serine-threonine protein phosphatase, and in cells it regulates protein phosphorylation as well as multiple downstream targets [such as interleukin converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases, stress-activated protein kinases, and the retinoblastoma gene product] that mediate its distinct cellular effects. This spectrum of inducers of ceramide accumulation and the nature of ceramide-mediated responses suggest that ceramide is a key component of intracellular stress response pathways.
Endometrial cancer: incidence, prognostic factors, diagnosis, and treatment. (1997)

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy seen in the United States. Risk factors include unopposed estrogen (both endogenous and exogenous). Since tamoxifen is said to have weak estrogen activity, it has been suggested that tamoxifen may cause endometrial cancers. Of the 15 studies reported (clinical trials, prevalence, cross-sectional, and case control), 12 showed no relationship, two noted an increased incidence of endometrial cancer, and one noted a decreased incidence. When one considers the increased incidence of endometrial cancer in breast cancer patients, potential surveillance and ascertainment bias, latency, and occult endometrial cancers, it appears that there is a very small, if any, association of tamoxifen and endometrial cancer. In the asymptomatic patient on tamoxifen, routine yearly gynecologic examinations are recommended. Special studies to evaluate the endometrium do not appear to be indicated in the asymptomatic patient.
Effects of mechanical indentation on diffuse reflectance spectra, light transmission, and intrinsic optical properties in ex vivo porcine skin (2012)

DRS can be used to capture transient changes in intrinsic tissue optical properties during mechanical loading. Mechanical indentation modifies tissue optical properties and may be harnessed as a minimally-invasive optical clearing technique to improve optical diagnostics and therapeutics.
Clinical Experience With Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonist Drugs (1995)

Excitatory amino acid antagonists are in advanced development in the treatment of stroke and traumatic brain injury. A similar pattern of side effects is apparent with the majority of agents. However, cardiovascular effects may ultimately define therapeutic index for each drug.
89Zr-Bevacizumab PET of Early Antiangiogenic Tumor Response to Treatment with HSP90 Inhibitor NVP-AUY922 (2010)

(89)Zr-bevacizumab PET was in line with the antiangiogenic response and direct antitumor effects after NVP-AUY922 treatment, supporting the specificity of (89)Zr-bevacizumab PET as a sensitive technique to monitor the antiangiogenic response of HSP90 inhibition in vivo.