gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue‐Engineered Product: Allogeneic Cultured Dermal Substitute Composed of Spongy Collagen with Fibroblasts (2001)

Recently, various types of allogeneic skin substitutes including cultured epidermal substitute (CES), cultured dermal substitute (CDS), and cultured skin substitute (CSS), which are composed of keratinocytes and/or fibroblasts as the cellular component(s), have been used as biological wound dressings. In our study, the allogeneic CDS was prepared by plating fibroblasts on a spongy collagen. The clinical evaluation was conducted using fresh or cryopreserved allogeneic CDS. In 145 of our clinical cases, 95% (138/145) of various wounds were evaluated as achieving good or excellent results, including 96% (22/23) of deep dermal burns (DDB) and dermal burns (DB), 100% (53/53) of partial-thickness donor wounds, 91% (21/23) of traumatic skin defects, 100% (5/5) of pressure ulcers, 82% (9/11) of chronic skin ulcers, 100% (6/6) of coverage for debrided DB, and 92% (22/24) of coverage for autologous meshed graft. The results obtained in our study suggest that the allogeneic CDS is able to provide an effective therapy for patients with partial and/or full-thickness skin defects.
Carrier trapping in iron-doped GaInP (1999)

Time-resolved photoluminescence decay caused by carrier trapping to the deep Fe level has been studied in epitaxial GaInP. Carrier trapping time is found to be strongly dependent on the Fe concentration up to 1×1018 cm−3. The electron capture cross section for the neutral iron level Fe3+, evaluated from the luminescence transients, is in the range from 6×10−16 to 1×10−15 cm2 for the temperature interval 70–250 K.
Involvement of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in the advanced liver disease that is associated with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus (2004)

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is accompanied by inflammation and fibrosis eventually leading to cirrhosis. The chemokine CXCL12 is involved in chronic inflammatory conditions. The role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in HCV- and HBV-associated liver inflammation and fibrosis was therefore studied. The levels and tissue localization of CXCL12 in liver and plasma of HCV and HBV patients were tested using immunohistochemistry and ELISA. The expression and function of CXCR4 on liver-infiltrating lymphocytes (LIL) were tested by FACS and transwell migration assays. We found that CXCL12 is expressed by bile duct epithelial cells in normal liver tissue. Bile duct proliferation and liver fibrosis in chronic HCV and HBV infection result in the anatomical re-distribution of CXCL12 in the liver. Moreover, CXCL12 is up-regulated in the endothelium of neo-blood-vessels formed in active inflammatory foci and is significantly elevated, compared with controls, in the plasma of patients with advanced liver fibrosis. Complementing these observations were others indicating that over 50% of LIL express CXCR4 and, in response to CXCL12, migrated and adhered to fibronectin. These observations suggest an important role for the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in recruitment and retention of immune cells in the liver during chronic HCV and HBV infection.
Inhibition of PDGF β Receptor Signal Transduction by Coexpression of a Truncated Receptor (1991)

A mutated form of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) beta receptor lacking most of its cytoplasmic domain was tested for its ability to block wild-type PDGF receptor function. PDGF induced the formation of complexes consisting of wild-type and truncated receptors. Such complexes were defective in autophosphorylation. When truncated receptors were expressed in excess compared to wild-type receptors, stimulation by PDGF of receptor autophosphorylation, association of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase with the receptor, and calcium mobilization were blocked. Thus, a truncated receptor can inactivate wild-type receptor function by forming ligand-dependent receptor complexes (probably heterodimers) that are incapable of mediating the early steps of signal transduction.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CAPSTONE DEPLETED URANIUM AEROSOLS III: MORPHOLOGIC AND CHEMICAL OXIDE ANALYSES (2009)

The impact of depleted uranium (DU) penetrators against an armored target causes erosion and fragmentation of the penetrators, the extent of which is dependent on the thickness and material composition of the target. Vigorous oxidation of the DU particles and fragments creates an aerosol of DU oxide particles and DU particle agglomerations combined with target materials. Aerosols from the Capstone DU aerosol study, in which vehicles were perforated by DU penetrators, were evaluated for their oxidation states using x-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle morphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The oxidation state of a DU aerosol is important as it offers a clue to its solubility in lung fluids. The XRD analysis showed that the aerosols evaluated were a combination primarily of U3O8 (insoluble) and UO3 (relatively more soluble) phases, though intermediate phases resembling U4O9 and other oxides were prominent in some samples. Analysis of particle residues in the micrometer-size range by SEM/EDS provided microstructural information such as phase composition and distribution, fracture morphology, size distribution, and material homogeneity. Observations from SEM analysis show a wide variability in the shapes of the DU particles. Some of the larger particles were spherical, occasionally with dendritic or lobed surface structures. Others appear to have fractures that perhaps resulted from abrasion and comminution, or shear bands that developed from plastic deformation of the DU material. Amorphous conglomerates containing metals other than uranium were also common, especially with the smallest particle sizes. A few samples seemed to contain small bits of nearly pure uranium metal, which were verified by EDS to have a higher uranium content exceeding that expected for uranium oxides. Results of the XRD and SEM/EDS analyses were used in other studies described in this issue of Health Physics to interpret the results of lung solubility studies and in selecting input parameters for dose assessments.
[Identification of differentially expressed proteins and its applications of isolated proteins]. (2007)

蛋白质组(proteome)的概念由Wilkins和Williams于1994年首先提出.它源于蛋白质(protein)与基因组(genome)两个词的组合,指一个基因组(genOME)或一个细胞、组织表达的所有蛋白质(PROTein).蛋白质组学(proteomics)是以蛋白质组为研究对象,阐释所有蛋白质在不同时空的表达谱和功能谱,全景式地揭示生命活动的本质,特别是人体健康与疾病的机制。
STUDIES IN OLIGONUCLEOTIDE-BASED ARTIFICIAL NUCLEASE SYSTEMS. INTRAMOLECULAR COPPER (II) COMPLEX FORMATION IN AN OLIGONUCLEOTIDE BIS-PHENANTHROLINE CONJUGATE (2005)

We have recently developed oligonucleotide based artificial nuclease (OBAN) systems based on 2'-O-methyloligoribonucleotides carrying a 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline x Zn(II) complex. These hybridize to an RNA molecule with bulge formation in the central region of the target and cleave the RNA target in a catalytic manner. When studying an 11-mer 2'-O-methyloligoribonucleotide carrying two 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline moieties, located 5 base pairs apart from each other, we found that this forms a cyclic structure in the presence of Cu2+ ions. This is due to intramolecular Cu(2,9-dimethylphenanthroline)2 complex formation, i.e., with the two ligands conjugated to the same oligonucleotide.
Fluid DTMouse (2006)

Although computer mice have evolved physically (i.e., new form factors, multiple buttons, scroll-wheels), their basic metaphor remains the same: a single-point of interaction, with modifiers used to control the interaction. Many of today's novel input devices, however, do not directly (or easily) map to mouse interactions. For example, when using one's finger(s) or hand directly on a touchable display surface, a simple touch movement could be interpreted as either a mouse-over or a drag, depending on whether the left mouse button is intended to be depressed at the time. But how does one convey the state of the left mouse button with a single touch? And how does one fluidly switch between states? The problem is confounded by the lack of precision input when using a single finger as the mouse cursor, since a finger has a much larger footprint than a single pixel cursor hotspot. In this paper we introduce our solution, Fluid DTMouse, which has been used to improve the usability of touch tables with legacy (mouse-based) applications. Our technique is applicable to any direct-touch input device that can detect multiple points of contact. Our solution solves problems of smoothly specifying and switching between modes, addressing issues with the stability of the cursor, and facilitating precision input.
Rhodium-Catalyzed 1,4-Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds:  Large Accelerating Effects of Bases and Ligands (2003)

The effects of ligands and bases in the rhodium(I)-catalyzed 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds were reinvestigated to carry out the reaction under mild conditions. Rhodium(I) complexes possessing a 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod) and a hydroxo ligand such as [RhOH(cod)](2) exhibited excellent catalyst activities compared to those of the corresponding rhodium-acac or -chloro complexes and their phosphine derivatives. The reaction was further accelerated in the presence of KOH, thus allowing the 1,4-addition even at 0 degrees C. A cationic rhodium(I)-(R)-binap complex, [Rh(R-binap)(nbd)]BF(4), catalyzed the reaction at 25-50 degrees C in the presence of Et(3)N with high enantioselectivities of up to 99% ee for alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones, 92% for aldehydes, 94% for esters, and 92% for amides.
Localization of Ca2+ Extrusion Sites in Pancreatic Acinar Cells (1996)

We have investigated the localization of Ca2+ extrusion sites in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Employing a new technique, in which high resolution localization of cellular Ca2+ exit is achieved by confocal microscopy and a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probe coupled to heavy dextran to slow down diffusion of extracellular Ca2+, it is shown directly that the secretory pole (secretory granule area) is the major site for Ca2+ extrusion following agonist stimulation. This Ca2+ extrusion appears not to be a consequence of exocytosis, as assessment of secretion under our experimental conditions (low external Ca2+ concentration, room temperature) using the technique of monitoring quinacrine fluorescence shows little loss of secretory granules in spite of sustained Ca2+ exit. We conclude that Ca2+ is primarily extruded by Ca2+ pumps from the secretory pole and propose that this process is useful for maintaining a high Ca2+ concentration in the acinar lumen, which is necessary for promotion of endocytosis.
Inflammation-dependent changes in α2,3-, α2,6-, and α2,8-sialic acid glycotopes on serum glycoproteins in mice (2005)

The expression of acute-phase serum proteins increases in response to inflammatory stimuli. Most of these proteins are glycoproteins that often contain sialic acids (Sia). It is unknown, however, how the expression of Sia in these glycoproteins changes during inflammation. This study demonstrates changes in the alpha2,3-, alpha2,6-, and alpha2,8-Sia glycotopes on serum glycoproteins in response to turpentine oil-induced inflammation, based on lectin- and immunoblot analyses by using sialyl linkage-specific lectins, Maackia amurensis for the alpha2,3-Sia glycotope and Sambucus sieboldiana for the alpha2,6-Sia glycotopes, and monoclonal antibody 2-4B (mAb.2-4B) recognizing the di- and oligomers of the alpha2,8-Neu5Gc residue. There was an increase in a limited number of sialoglycoproteins containing the alpha2,3-, alpha2,6-, or alpha2,8-Sia glycotopes. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of the expression profiles of mRNAs for the known sialyltransferases in mouse liver during inflammation indicated the up-regulated expression of beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferases (ST3Gal I and ST3Gal III) and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6GalNAc VI) as well as beta-galactoside alpha2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6Gal I) mRNAs. Notably, ST3Gal I and III and ST6GalNAc VI are involved in the synthesis of the alpha2,3- and alpha2,6-Sia glycotopes on O-glycan chains and possibly on gangliosides, whereas ST6Gal I is specific for N-glycan chains. These results provide evidence for the inflammation-induced expression of sialyl glycotopes in serum glycoproteins. We demonstrated that inflammation significantly increased the expression of an unknown 32-kDa glycoprotein containing the alpha2,8-Sia glycotope. The mechanism for the increase in glycoprotein in inflamed mouse serum remains to be examined, as mRNA expression for all of the alpha2,8-sialyltransferases (ST8Sia I-VI) was unchanged during inflammation.
The Arabidopsis Athb‐2 and ‐4 genes are strongly induced by far‐red‐rich light (1993)

The isolation and characterization of the Athb-2 gene, which codes for a HD-Zip protein in Arabidopsis thaliana is reported. Interestingly, Southern analysis has established that the Arabidopsis genome contains sequences which are highly related to the Athb-2 HD-Zip coding region. One of these genes, designated Athb-4, has been cloned and partially sequenced. Amino acid sequence comparison revealed that Athb-2 and -4 are members of a small family of HD-Zip related proteins. Athb-2 mRNA analysis showed that this gene is expressed during the vegetative and reproductive phases of plant growth. A significant increment in the amount of Athb-2 transcripts was observed in flowering plants. A higher steady-state level of the Athb-2 mRNA was also found in dark-adapted plants. Remarkably, far-red-rich light treatment of Arabidopsis plants results in a rapid and strong induction of the Athb-2 expression. This light treatment also induces the accumulation of Athb-4 transcripts, suggesting a similar role for the two members of this HD-Zip family.
Heterologous prime-boost-boost immunisation of Chinese cynomolgus macaques using DNA and recombinant poxvirus vectors expressing HIV-1 virus-like particles (2011)

MVA and FP9 are ideal replication-deficient viral vectors for HIV-1 vaccines due to their excellent safety profile for use in humans. This study shows this novel prime-boost-boost regimen was poorly immunogenic in Chinese cynomolgus macaques.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and the experimentally infected boar (1994)

iv INTRODUCTION 1 Dissertation Organization 1 Literature Review 1 Statement of the Problem 21 EXCRETION OF PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (PRRS) VIRUS IN SEMEN FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF BOARS 22 Abstract 22 Introduction 23 Materials and methods 24 Results 28 Discussion 31 Acknowledgements 35 References 35 OUTCOME OF INSEMINATION OF GILTS WITH PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (PRRS) VIRUSCONTAMINATED SEMEN 40 Abstract 40 Introduction 41 Materials and methods 42 Results 46 Discussion 47 Acknowlegements 50 References 51
A humoral response to oligodendrocyte-specific protein in MS (1999)

There is a specific humoral response directed against a region of OSP in RRMS patients that cross-reacts with several common viral peptides. This suggests a possible role for molecular mimicry in the development of MS.
Specific detection of biomolecules in physiological solutions using graphene transistor biosensors (2016)

Nanomaterial-based field-effect transistor (FET) sensors are capable of label-free real-time chemical and biological detection with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, although direct measurements in high-ionic-strength physiological solutions remain challenging due to the Debye screening effect. Recently, we demonstrated a general strategy to overcome this challenge by incorporating a biomolecule-permeable polymer layer on the surface of silicon nanowire FET sensors. The permeable polymer layer can increase the effective screening length immediately adjacent to the device surface and thereby enable real-time detection of biomolecules in high-ionic-strength solutions. Here, we describe studies demonstrating both the generality of this concept and application to specific protein detection using graphene FET sensors. Concentration-dependent measurements made with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified graphene devices exhibited real-time reversible detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) from 1 to 1,000 nM in 100 mM phosphate buffer. In addition, comodification of graphene devices with PEG and DNA aptamers yielded specific irreversible binding and detection of PSA in pH 7.4 1x PBS solutions, whereas control experiments with proteins that do not bind to the aptamer showed smaller reversible signals. In addition, the active aptamer receptor of the modified graphene devices could be regenerated to yield multiuse selective PSA sensing under physiological conditions. The current work presents an important concept toward the application of nanomaterial-based FET sensors for biochemical sensing in physiological environments and thus could lead to powerful tools for basic research and healthcare.
Polydiacetylene Liposomes Functionalized with Sialic Acid Bind and Colorimetrically Detect Influenza Virus (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolydiacetylene Liposomes Functionalized with Sialic Acid Bind and Colorimetrically Detect Influenza VirusAnke Reichert, Jon O. Nagy, Wayne Spevak, and Deborah CharychCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 2, 829–830Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00107a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00107a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1570Altmetric-Citations245LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
MEF2: a central regulator of diverse developmental programs (2007)

The myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factor acts as a lynchpin in the transcriptional circuits that control cell differentiation and organogenesis. The spectrum of genes activated by MEF2 in different cell types depends on extracellular signaling and on co-factor interactions that modulate MEF2 activity. Recent studies have revealed MEF2 to form an intimate partnership with class IIa histone deacetylases, which together function as a point of convergence of multiple epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. We review the myriad roles of MEF2 in development and the mechanisms through which it couples developmental, physiological and pathological signals with programs of cell-specific transcription.
Transforming Growth Factor TGFβ Increases Levels of Microtubule-Associated Protein MAP1S and Autophagy Flux in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas (2015)

TGFβ may suppress the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas by enhancing MAP1S-mediated autophagy.
Microstructuring of silicon with femtosecond laser pulses (1998)

We report that silicon surfaces develop an array of sharp conical spikes when irradiated with 500 laser pulses of 100-fs duration, 10-kJ/m2 fluence in 500-Torr SF6 or Cl2. The spikes are up to 40-μm tall, and taper to about 1-μm diam at the tip. Irradiation of silicon surfaces in N2, Ne, or vacuum creates structured surfaces, but does not create sharp conical spikes.
Antibody Response to Shiga Toxins Stx2 and Stx1 in Children with Enteropathic Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (2001)

A Western blot (immunoblot) assay (WBA) for the detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Shiga toxins Stx2 and Stx1 in sera from 110 patients with enteropathic hemolytic-uremic syndrome (53 culture confirmed to have Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli [STEC] infection) and 110 age-matched controls was established by using a chemiluminescence detection system. Thirty-nine (74%) of the 53 culture-confirmed cases were infections with STEC serotype O157, and 14 (26%) were associated with infection by other STEC serotypes. The frequency of an anti-Stx2 response following infection by a Stx2-producing strain (34 of 48 cases; 71%) was higher than that of an anti-Stx1 response following Stx1-producing STEC infection (4 of 10). Furthermore, the frequency of an anti-Stx2 response in 110 control sera (10%) was significantly higher than the frequency of an anti-Stx1 response (1.8%) (P = 0.0325). For STEC O157 culture-confirmed cases WBA for toxin detection had a diagnostic sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 90%. Because of its high specificity the assay might be a helpful tool for diagnosing suspected STEC infection when tests of stool samples or serological tests against various lipopolysaccharide antigens are negative. Furthermore, the prevalence of anti-Stx antibodies in healthy controls probably reflects the population immunity to systemic Stx-associated disease. It can thus serve as a basis for comparing immunity levels in different populations and for considering future Stx toxoid immunization strategies.
Natural IgM antibodies and immunosurveillance mechanisms against epithelial cancer cells in humans. (2003)

Malignancy is like a chronic disease, and the immune system is permanently involved in recognizing and eliminating the transformed cells. The human hybridoma technology offers the unique opportunity to study the mechanisms, structures, and targets involved in recognition and elimination of aberrant cells. Thousands of tumor-reactive human monoclonal antibodies were isolated by this technique from cancer patients and from healthy donors, and all of these antibodies were IgM antibodies; no IgG and IgA antibodies were found. Fourteen of these antibodies were selected for DNA sequence analysis, characterization of their binding patterns, and determination of their origin and genetics. All of the IgM antibodies studied expressed only few or no mutations at all (germ-line coded), bound to carbohydrates on modified tumor-specific receptors and induced apoptosis. The degree of cross-reactivity to other tumors correlated reciprocally with the number of mutations in coding regions. By using an anti-idiotypic antibody we were able to show that the IgM-producing cells were of CD5+ B-cell origin. The data presented here indicate that the innate immunity and natural IgM antibodies play an important role in immunosurveillance mechanisms against epithelial tumors in humans.