gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1,3-Shifts. III. The Kinetics of the Thermal Rearrangement of Phenyl Benzanilimino Ethers1 (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,3-Shifts. III. The Kinetics of the Thermal Rearrangement of Phenyl Benzanilimino Ethers1Kenneth B. Wiberg and Bertram I. RowlandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 8, 2205–2209Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01613a054RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (518 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ROLE OF ENZYMES IN THE REMEDIATION OF POLLUTED ENVIRONMENTS (2010)

Environmental pollution is growing more and more due to the indiscriminate and frequently deliberate release of hazardous, harmful substances. Research efforts have been devoted to develop new, low-cost, low-technology, eco-friendly treatments capable of reducing and even eliminating pollution in the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and soil environments. Among biological agents, enzymes have a great potentiality to effectively transform and detoxify polluting substances because they have been recognized to be able to transform pollutants at a detectable rate and are potentially suitable to restore polluted environments. This brief review will examine some classes of pollutants and enzymes capable of transforming them effectively into innocuous products. Particular attention will be devoted to pollutants with a high polluting potential such as polyphenols, nitriles, PAHs, cyanides and heavy metals. The enzymatic processes developed and implemented in some of these detoxification treatments will be examined in details. The main advantages as well as the main drawbacks that are still present in the extensive application of enzymes in the in situ restoration of polluted environments will be discussed.
Increased frequency of double and triple heterozygous gene variants in children with intrahepatic cholestasis (2015)

Children with idiopathic intrahepatic cholestasis have a higher frequency of double or triple NSV in SERPINA1, JAG1, ATPB1, ABCB11 or ABCB4. These findings raise the potential role for gene-gene relationships in determining the phenotype of cholestatic liver disease in children.
Synthesis and pharmacological studies of 4,4-disubstituted piperidines: a new class of compounds with potent analgesic properties (1983)

A series of 4,4-disubstituted piperidines has been synthesized and evaluated for analgesic activity. Several of these analogues show analgesic potency comparable to morphine in the mouse writhing and tail-flick tests. A number of compounds exhibit high affinity for [3H]naloxone binding sites in rat brain membranes. Among the most potent derivatives are compounds 15 and 48. Although opiate-like, attempts to modify this activity with various substituents have failed to produce antagonistic properties. A few of these analogues also show marked long-lasting serotonin antagonism in the guinea pig serotonin toxicity test and the DL-5-hydroxytryptophan induced head-twitch model in the mouse.
High critical current density superconducting tapes by epitaxial deposition of YBa2Cu3Ox thick films on biaxially textured metals (1996)

A method to obtain long lengths of flexible, biaxially oriented substrates with smooth, chemically compatible surfaces for epitaxial growth of high-temperature superconductors is reported. The technique uses well established, industrially scalable, thermomechanical processes to impart a strong biaxial texture to a base metal. This is followed by vapor deposition of epitaxial buffer layers (metal and/or ceramic) to yield chemically compatible surfaces. Epitaxial YBa2Cu3Ox films grown on such substrates have critical current densities exceeding 105 A/cm2 at 77 K in zero field and have field dependencies similar to epitaxial films on single crystal ceramic substrates. Deposited conductors made using this technique offer a potential route for the fabrication of long lengths of high-Jc wire capable of carrying high currents in high magnetic fields and at elevated temperatures.
Survey of graph database models (2008)

Graph database models can be defined as those in which data structures for the schema and instances are modeled as graphs or generalizations of them, and data manipulation is expressed by graph-oriented operations and type constructors. These models took off in the eighties and early nineties alongside object-oriented models. Their influence gradually died out with the emergence of other database models, in particular geographical, spatial, semistructured, and XML. Recently, the need to manage information with graph-like nature has reestablished the relevance of this area. The main objective of this survey is to present the work that has been conducted in the area of graph database modeling, concentrating on data structures, query languages, and integrity constraints.
Influence of anti-Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 (serotype b) lipopolysaccharide on severity of generalized early-onset periodontitis (1996)

The objective of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between antibody reactive with the Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype b lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and severity of periodontal disease in generalized early-onset periodontitis (G-EOP). The concentration of antibody reactive with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b LPS was determined for 102 G-EOP subjects. Analysis of the relationship between antibody reactive with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b LPS and measures of periodontal attachment loss indicated that the patients with the highest concentrations of antibody reactive with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b LPS had significantly less attachment loss. These high-responder subjects also had anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b LPS with significantly higher relative avidity. The results suggest that antibody reactive with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b LPS is protective in G-EOP patients.
Optimisation of the synthesis of MOF nanoparticles made of flexible porous iron fumarate MIL-88A (2010)

The synthesis of nanoparticles of the porous flexible iron fumarate MIL-88A (MIL stands for Materials from Institut Lavoisier) has been studied through the use of several synthetic routes using non-toxic solvents. Hydro-solvothermal synthesis under dynamic or static, ambient or autogenous pressure conditions, assisted or not by microwave irradiation or ultrasonic methods have been compared in terms of particle size, polydispersity and yield. Different parameters such as temperature, time, concentration, pH or the use of additives (base, inhibitor) were evaluated. The resulting nanoparticles were characterised using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) and the yield of the reaction was estimated. Although significant amounts of small nanoparticles (∼200 nm) were obtained from each synthetic route, most conditions led to an important polydispersity. Ultrasonic synthesis led, on the contrary, to very low yields of small and monodisperse nanoparticles. Finally, only microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis afforded the successful fast synthesis of high yields of small (<100 nm) and monodispersed nanoparticles.
Cloning and sequencing of the pac gene encoding the penicillin G acylase of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945 (1995)

The pac gene encoding the penicillin G acylase (PGA) of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945 has been cloned in Escherichia coli HB101 (proA, leuB) using a selective minimal medium containing phenylacetyl-L-leucine instead of L-leucine. The nucleotide sequence of this gene has been determined and contains an open reading frame of 2406 nucleotides. The deduced amino acid sequence shows significant similarity with other beta-lactam acylases. Although the PGA of B. megaterium is extracellular, the enzyme produced in E. coli appears to have a cytoplasmic localization.
Speckle in optical coherence tomography: an overview (1999)

Speckle arises as a natural consequent of the limited spatial-frequency bandwidth of the interference signals measured in optical coherence tomography (OCT). In images of highly scattering biological tissues, speckle has a dual role as a source of noise and as a carrier of information about tissue microstructure. The first half of this paper provides an overview of the origin, statistical properties, and classification of speckle in OCT. The concepts of signal-carrying and signal-degrading speckle are defined in terms of the phase and amplitude disturbances of the sample beam. In the remaining half of the paper, four speckle- reduction methods--polarization diversity, spatial compounding, frequency compounding and digital signal processing--are discussed and the potential effectiveness of each method is analyzed briefly with the aid of examples. Finally, remaining problems that merit further research are suggested.
The nuclear membrane determines the timing of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts. (1991)

We have exploited a property of chicken erythrocyte nuclei to analyze the regulation of DNA replication in a cell-free system from Xenopus eggs. Many individual demembranated nuclei added to the extract often became enclosed within a common nuclear membrane. Nuclei within such a "multinuclear aggregate" lacked individual membranes but shared the perimeter membrane of the aggregate. Individual nuclei that were excluded from the aggregates initiated DNA synthesis at different times over a 10-12-h period, as judged by incorporation of biotinylated dUTP into discrete replication foci at early times, followed by uniformly intense incorporation at later times. Replication forks were clustered in spots, rings, and horseshoe-shaped structures similar to those described in cultured cells. In contrast to the asynchronous replication seen between individual nuclei, replication within multinuclear aggregates was synchronous. There was a uniform distribution and similar fluorescent intensity of the replication foci throughout all the nuclei enclosed within the same membrane. However, different multinuclear aggregates replicated out of synchrony with each other indicating that each membrane-bound aggregate acts as an individual unit of replication. These data indicate that the nuclear membrane defines the unit of DNA replication and determines the timing of DNA synthesis in egg extract resulting in highly coordinated triggering of DNA replication on the DNA it encloses.
Genomic analysis of uncultured marine viral communities (2002)

Viruses are the most common biological entities in the oceans by an order of magnitude. However, very little is known about their diversity. Here we report a genomic analysis of two uncultured marine viral communities. Over 65% of the sequences were not significantly similar to previously reported sequences, suggesting that much of the diversity is previously uncharacterized. The most common significant hits among the known sequences were to viruses. The viral hits included sequences from all of the major families of dsDNA tailed phages, as well as some algal viruses. Several independent mathematical models based on the observed number of contigs predicted that the most abundant viral genome comprised 2-3% of the total population in both communities, which was estimated to contain between 374 and 7,114 viral types. Overall, diversity of the viral communities was extremely high. The results also showed that it would be possible to sequence the entire genome of an uncultured marine viral community.
[Recent progress on the therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)--usefulness and practice of the step-by-step pharmacologic therapy]. (1999)

Recently, a step-by-step pharmacologic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been recommended by several principal organizations. The characteristic of this therapy is that it is a stepwise approach organized according to the severity of disease and is mainly composed of bronchodilators including beta 2-agonists and anticholinergic agents, theophylline, and oral corticosteroids, and the goal of this therapy is to induce bronchodilation, decrease the inflammatory reaction, and facilitate expectoration. Since the effectiveness of one of the inhaled corticosteroids has been also indicated by the multicentre randomised trial in a few years, they may have an important role in the long-term treatment of COPD.
Adding pharmacogenomics to the development of new marine-derived anticancer agents (2006)

Nature has always been a highly productive tool in the development of anticancer therapies. Renewed interest in the potential of this tool has recently been sparked by the realization that the marine ecosystem can be used for the discovery and development of new compounds with clinical potential in advanced resistant tumors. These compounds can be incorporated into combination approaches in a chronic therapy scenario. Our marine anticancer program is using the sea to develop new agents with activity in resistant solid tumors and to identify new cellular targets for therapeutic intervention. This review describes the integration of different pharmacogenomic tools in the development of Yondelis, Aplidin and Kahalalide F, three marine-derived compounds currently in Phase II or III development. Our results are reinforcing the targeted selectivity of these agents and opening the gates for customized therapies in cancer patients in the near future.
Sex Preselection in Rabbits: Live Births from X and Y Sperm Separated by DNA and Cell Sorting (1989)

Intact, viable X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm populations of the rabbit were separated according to DNA content with a flow cytometer/cell sorter. Reanalysis for DNA of an aliquot from each sorted population showed purities of 86% for X-bearing sperm and 81% for Y-bearing sperm populations. Sorted sperm were surgically inseminated into the uterus of rabbits. From does inseminated with sorted X-bearing sperm, 94% of the offspring born were females. From does inseminated with sorted Y-bearing sperm from the same ejaculates, 81% of the offspring were males. The probability of the phenotypic sex ratios differing from 50:50 were p less than 0.0003 for X-sorted sperm and p less than 0.004 for Y-sorted sperm. Thus, the phenotypic sex ratio at birth was accurately predicted from the flow-cytometrically measured proportion of X- and Y-bearing sperm used for insemination.
Immunomodulatory Effects in a Phase II Study of Lenalidomide Combined with Cetuximab in Refractory KRAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients (2013)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01032291.
Manipulation of activity and orientation of membrane-reconstituted di-tripeptide transport protein DtpT of Lactococcus lactis (1999)

The di-tripeptide transport system (DtpT) of Lactococcus lactis was purified to apparent homogeneity by pre-extraction of crude membrane vesicles with octaethylene glycol monodecyl ether (C10E8), followed by solubilization with n-dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside (DDM) and chromatography on a Ni-NTA resin. The DtpT protein was reconstituted into detergent-destabilized preformed liposomes prepared from E. coli phospholipid/phosphatidylcholine. A variety of detergents were tested for their ability to mediate the membrane reconstitution of DtpT and their effectiveness to yield proteoliposomes with a high transport activity. The highest activities were obtained with TX100, C12E8 and DM, whereas DDM yielded relatively poor activities, in particular when this detergent was used at concentrations beyond the onset of solubilization of the preformed liposomes. Parallel with the low activity, significant losses of lipid were observed when the reconstitution was performed at high DDM concentrations. This explained at least part of the reduced transport activity as the DtpT protein was highly dependent on the final lipid-to-protein ratios in the proteoliposomes. Consistent with the difference in mechanism of DDM- and TX100-mediated membrane protein reconstitution, the orientation of the DtpT protein in the membrane was random with DDM and inside-in when TX100 was used. The methodology to determine the orientation of membrane-reconstituted proteins from the accessibility of cysteines for thiol-specific reagents is critically evaluated.
Regulation of Gene Expression by Vitamin A: The Role of Nuclear Retinoic Acid Receptors (1992)

Over the past five years, a wealth of information has accumulated concerning the molecular mechanisms mediating RA effects on gene expression. The molecular cloning of the 3 retinoic acid receptors (RARs), of their 16 or so different isoforms, and of the 3 retinoid X receptors (RXRs) as well as the identification of at least 2 different active isomers of RA (all trans- and 9-cis-RA) and of several different CRABPs and CRBPs now provide the essential tools to explain the pleiotropy that has become associated with RA effects. In the years to come, a concentrated effort to delineate the complex interactions between the various components of the retinoid signal transduction system should shed light on the mechanisms underlying pattern formation during vertebrate development and point to new ways in which retinoids can be exploited therapeutically.
A 65 nm CMOS Quad-Band SAW-Less Receiver SoC for GSM/GPRS/EDGE (2011)

A quad-band 2.5G receiver is designed to replace the front-end SAW filters with on-chip bandpass filters and to integrate the LNA matching components, as well as the RF baluns. The receiver achieves a typical sensitivity of -110 dBm or better, while saving a considerable amount of BOM. Utilizing an arrangement of four baseband capacitors and MOS switches driven by 4-phase 25% duty-cycle clocks, high-Q BPF's are realized to attenuate the 0 dBm out-of-band blocker. The 65 nm CMOS SAW-less receiver integrated as a part of a 2.5G SoC, draws 55 mA from the battery, and measures an out-of-band 1 dB-compression of greater than +2 dBm. Measured as a stand-alone, as well as the baseband running in call mode in the platform level, the receiver passes the 3GPP specifications with margin.
Motility Induction in Breast Carcinoma by Mammary Epithelial Laminin 332 (Laminin 5) (2009)

Host interactions with tumor cells contribute to tumor progression by several means. This study was done to determine whether mammary epithelium could interact with breast carcinoma by producing substances capable of inducing motility in the cancer cells. Conditioned medium of immortalized 184A1 mammary epithelium collected in serum-free conditions induced dose-dependent motility in the MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line by both a semiquantitative scattering assay and a Boyden chamber assay. Purification of the motility factor revealed that it was laminin 332 (formerly laminin 5) by mass spectroscopy. A Western blot of the 184A1 conditioned medium using a polyclonal antibody confirmed the presence of laminin 332 in the conditioned medium. Blockage of the motility with antibodies to the laminin 332 and its receptor components, alpha(3) and beta(1) integrins, provided further evidence that tumor cell motility was caused by the laminin 332 in the conditioned medium. Invasion of MCF-7, BT-20, and MDA-MB-435 S was induced by purified laminin 332 and 184A1 conditioned medium and blocked by an anti-alpha(3) integrin antibody. Staining of carcinoma in situ from breast cancer specimens revealed that laminin 332 in the myoepithelium adjacent to the preinvasive cells provided a source of laminin 332 that could potentially encourage the earliest steps of stromal invasion. In metaplastic breast carcinomas, the presence of laminin 332-producing cells coexpressing alpha(3) integrin and the greater metastatic potential of tumors with higher laminin 332 levels suggest that laminin 332 expression is associated with aggressive features in these human breast cancers.
The oxidative inactivation of mitochondrial electron transport chain components and ATPase. (1990)

Bovine heart submitochondrial particles (SMP) were exposed to continuous fluxes of hydroxyl radical (.OH) alone, superoxide anion radical (O2-) alone, or mixtures of .OH and O2-, by gamma radiolysis in the presence of 100% N2O (.OH exposure), 100% O2 + formate (O2- exposure), or 100% O2 alone (.OH + O2- exposure). Hydrogen peroxide effects were studied by addition of pure H2O2. NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, succinate oxidase, and ATPase activities (Vmax) were rapidly inactivated by .OH (10% inactivation at 15-40 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein, 50-90% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein) and by .OH + O2- (10% inactivation at 20-80 nmol of .OH + O2-/mg of SMP protein, 45-75% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH + O2-/mg of SMP protein). Importantly, O2- was a highly efficient inactivator of NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and ATPase (10% inactivation at 20-50 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein, 40% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein), a mildly efficient inactivator of succinate dehydrogenase (10% inactivation at 150 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein, 30% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein), and a poor inactivator of succinate oxidase (less than 10% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein). H2O2 partially inactivated NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and cytochrome oxidase, but even 10% loss of these activities required at least 500-600 nmol of H2O2/mg of SMP protein. Cytochrome oxidase activity (oxygen consumption supported by ascorbate + N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine) was remarkably resistant to oxidative inactivation, with less than 20% loss of activity evident even at .OH, O2-, OH + O2-, or H2O2 concentrations of 600 nmol/mg of SMP protein. Cytochrome c oxidase activity, however (oxidation of, added, ferrocytochrome c), exhibited more than a 40% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein. The .OH-dependent inactivations reported above were largely inhibitable by the .OH scavenger mannitol. In contrast, the O2(-)-dependent inactivations were inhibited by active superoxide dismutase, but not by denatured superoxide dismutase or catalase. Membrane lipid peroxidation was evident with .OH exposure but could be prevented by various lipid-soluble antioxidants which did not protect enzymatic activities at all.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)