gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Logistic-regression model for assessing portal hypertension by measuring hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) and laminin in serum (1991)

We earlier observed a positive correlation between portal venous pressure (PVP) and the concentration of laminin in serum. Here we investigated whether the diagnostic efficacy could be improved by considering additional analytes and application of multivariate statistical analysis. In 102 patients with fibrotic liver disease of various etiologies we measured PVP as the gradient of the wedged and free hepatic venous pressures and determined the concentrations of hyaluronic acid and laminin in serum. Regression coefficients established by logistic regression in this group were subsequently used to predict portal hypertension (PVP greater than mmHg) in an independent group of 45 patients. By comparison with the known PVP, we obtained a sensitivity of 0.83 (confidence interval: 0.63-0.93) and a specificity of 0.82 (0.61-0.93) for diagnosis of portal hypertension by means of the concentrations of hyaluronic acid and laminin in serum. Application of the model is suggested as a tool for pre-screening and monitoring patients to be subjected to assessment of portal hypertension.
A Protein Kinase Substrate Identified by the Two-Hybrid System (1992)

A genetic method, the two-hybrid system, was used to identify four genes encoding proteins that interact with the SNF1 protein kinase from yeast. One of the genes, SIP1, was independently isolated as a multicopy suppressor of defects caused by reduced SNF1 kinase activity, and genetic evidence supports its function in the SNF1 pathway. The SIP1 protein co-immunoprecipitated with SNF1 and was phosphorylated in vitro. Thus, the two-hybrid system, which is applicable to any cloned gene, can be used to detect physical interactions between protein kinases and functionally related substrate proteins.
Microsphere Formation in a Series of Derivatized .alpha.-Amino Acids: Properties, Molecular Modeling, and Oral Delivery of Salmon Calcitonin (1995)

A series of benzoylated and phenylsulfonylated amino acids are novel, low molecular weight, self-assembling molecules. At low pH, these compounds form microspheres that dissolve readily under neutral conditions. In a given synthetic series, those molecules with low aqueous solubility formed microspheres more readily than did the molecules possessing high water solubility, suggesting that the hydrophobicity of these compounds contributes to the ability to form microspheres. In addition, molecular modeling studies on selected compounds have shown that microsphere formation may depend also on various aromatic ring and dipole-dipole interactions, which could effect the extent and types of favorable stacking conformations between molecules. The microspheres prepared from these compounds have been used to effect the oral delivery of salmon calcitonin, a model protein drug, in both rodents and primates.
Direct electrical detection of DNA synthesis (2006)

Rapid, sequence-specific DNA detection is essential for applications in medical diagnostics and genetic screening. Electrical biosensors that use immobilized nucleic acids are especially promising in these applications because of their potential for miniaturization and automation. Current DNA detection methods based on sequencing by synthesis rely on optical readouts; however, a direct electrical detection method for this technique is not available. We report here an approach for direct electrical detection of enzymatically catalyzed DNA synthesis by induced surface charge perturbation. We discovered that incorporation of a complementary deoxynucleotide (dNTP) into a self-primed single-stranded DNA attached to the surface of a gold electrode evokes an electrode surface charge perturbation. This event can be detected as a transient current by a voltage-clamp amplifier. Based on current understanding of polarizable interfaces, we propose that the electrode detects proton removal from the 3'-hydroxyl group of the DNA molecule during phosphodiester bond formation.
Effects of monomethylfumarate on dendritic cell differentiation (2005)

MMF inhibited the monocyte-derived DC differentiation resulting in cells that cannot be appropriately matured to DCs. Consequently, these MMF-DCs are less effective than control DCs in stimulating type 1 cytokine, but not type 2 cytokine production, in Th lymphocytes. This general immunomodulatory effect may in part explain the beneficial effects of FAE therapy in psoriasis.
Confocal microscopy through a multimode fiber using optical correlation (2015)

We report on a method to obtain confocal imaging through multimode fibers using optical correlation. First, we measure the fiber's transmission matrix in a calibration step. This allows us to create focused spots at one end of the fiber by shaping the wavefront sent into it from the opposite end. These spots are scanned over a sample, and the light returning from the sample via the fiber is optically correlated with the input pattern. We show that this achieves spatial selectivity in the detection. The technique is demonstrated on microbeads, a dried epithelial cell, and a cover glass.
The ENCHANT-1 trial (NCT01677455): An open label multicenter phase II proof of concept study evaluating first-line ganetespib monotherapy in women with metastatic HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). (2013)

TPS1136 Background: Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone protein required for the stabilization and activation of many proteins, referred to as Hsp90 ‘clients’, including those commonly implicated in breast tumorigenesis such as HER2, EGFR, ER, PI3K, AKT, P53 and VEGFR. Ganetespib is a novel triazolone inhibitor of Hsp90 being studied in over 20 clinical trials, with over 700 patients treated to date. Ganetespib is ~50x more potent than 1 st -generation Hsp90 inhibitors, and has been well tolerated in clinical trials with a favorable safety profile. Mild to moderate, transient diarrhea is the most common adverse event associated with ganetespib infusion and is manageable with appropriate supportive care. Ganetespib has shown activity in preclinical models of HER2+, ER+/PR+ and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In a phase I trial, ganetespib demonstrated single-agent clinical activity in HER2+ disease with an objective response rate (ORR) of 15% and a disease stabilization rate of 46% in heavily pretreated patients. This efficacy-screening study is designed to provide further evidence of ganetespib activity and identify potentially predictive biomarkers in metastatic breast cancer. Methods: The ENCHANT-1 trial is an international, first-line Phase II study in two cohorts of breast cancer patients: Cohort A, HER2 amplified (n=35), and Cohort B, TNBC (n=35). HER2+ patients must have received prior anti-HER2 therapy in the adjuvant setting. Patients are treated with ganetespib at 150 mg/m 2 twice weekly on a three out of four-week regimen. Primary endpoint: ORR assessed using RECIST1.1 criteria. Key secondary endpoints include metabolic effects as assessed by PET/CT at week 3. Tumor genetic signature and proteomic profiling are performed on patient’s tumors in an effort to develop biomarkers of response. At the time of submission 6 patients have been enrolled into this study. Clinical trial information: NCT01677455.
Design and implementation of a support platform for distributed mobile computing (1995)

With the rapid development of mobile computer systems and mobile communication infrastructures, a broad field of distributed mobile computing is enabled. The paper first discusses these developments in closer detail and summarizes the resulting requirements concerning adequate software support. An application scenario of the service engineering area illustrates specific aspects including bandwidth and location management, dynamic configuration, resource heterogeneity, disconnection, and security. Based on these considerations, a generic software support platform for distributed mobile computing is derived. It addresses several of these aspects by providing application-independent and reusable support services. In particular, it offers a framework for organizing distributed mobile applications into manageable domains, it equips mobile stations with enhanced functionality for location, resource and bandwidth management, and it uses industry standard RPC communication facilities for enhanced portability. The design, implementation and use of the support platform is illustrated based on a specific part of the application, a mobile multimedia e-mail system. Experiences and implementation aspects in this context are particularly emphasized.
On the system design aspects of code division multiple access (CDMA) applied to digital cellular and personal communications networks (2002)

A breadboard CDMA digital cellular system was developed by QUALCOMM and demonstrated in San Diego in November 1989. In February 1990, an extensive technical field trial was carried out in midtown Manhattan with NYNEX Mobile. For the purposes of carrying out the CDMA trials and demonstrations, a total of three cell-site and two mobile prototype units were built. In each case, the demonstration system utilized two actual cell sites and one mobile and included A/B comparisons with the commercial analog system. The fundamental features of CDMA, such as power control and soft handoff, were tested and proven in a variety of field conditions. The authors describe the CDMA signal and waveform design, the CDMA system design, CDMA power control, and additional features of CDMA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Elevated HGF Levels in Sera from Breast Cancer Patients Detected Using a Protein Microarray ELISA (2002)

We developed an ELISA in high-density microarray format to detect hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in human serum. The microassay can detect HGF at sub-pg/mL concentrations in sample volumes of 100 microL or less. The microassay is also quantitative and was used to detect elevated HGF levels in sera from recurrent breast cancer patients. The microarray format provides the potential for high-throughput quantitation of multiple biomarkers in parallel, as demonstrated with a multiplex analysis of five biomarker proteins.
Temperature Compensation of Silicon Resonators via Degenerate Doping (2011)

This paper demonstrates the dependence of temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of silicon micromechanical resonators on charge carrier concentration. TCF compensation is demonstrated by degenerate doping of silicon bulk acoustic resonators (SiBARs) using both boron and aluminum dopants. The native TCF of -33×ppm/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C for silicon resistivity of >; 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Ω · is shown to reduce to -1.5×;ppm/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C at ultralow resistivity of ~10× <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> ;Ω·cm using relatively slow diffusion-based boron doping. However, the faster thermomigration-based aluminum doping offers TCF reduction to as low as -2.7×;ppm/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C with much reduced processing time. A very high <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> of 28 000 at 100 MHz is measured for a temperature-compensated SiBAR.
Pre-combustion, post-combustion and oxy-combustion in thermal power plant for CO2 capture (2009)

This paper presents a summary of technical-economic studies. It allows evaluating, in the French context, the production cost of electricity derived from coal and gas power plants with the capture of CO2, and the cost per tonne of CO2 avoided. Three systems were studied: an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC), a conventional combustion of Pulverized Coal (PC) and a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC). Three main methods were envisaged for the capture of CO2: pre-combustion, post-combustion and oxy-combustion. For the IGCC, two gasification types have been studied: a current technology based on gasification of dry coal at 27 bars (Shell or GE/Texaco radiant type) integrated into a classical combined cycle providing 320 MWe, and a future technology (planned for about 2015–2020) based on gasification of a coal–water mixture (slurry) that can be compressed to 64 bars (GE/Texaco slurry type) integrated into an advanced combined cycle (type H with steam cooling of the combustion turbine blades) producing a gross power output of 1200 MWe.
Patrimônio e bem-estar social: o centro histórico de Niterói (RJ) (2014)

O presente artigo busca colaborar com a revitalização do centro histórico da cidade de Niterói (RJ), por meio de uma reflexão sobre seu patrimônio cultural e a relação que mantém com seus habitantes. Pretendemos enfatizar como a percepção de integração e pertencimento reforça o bem-estar social, contribuindo ativamente para a promoção da cidadania e da autoestima. A melhora qualitativa dos espaços urbanos é fator preponderante no desenvolvimento da coletividade como um todo e na promoção de riquezas em diversos níveis, do econômico ao cultural.
Dynamically reconfigurable liquid-core liquid-cladding lens in a microfluidic channel (2008)

This paper describes the design and operation of a liquid-core liquid-cladding (L(2)) lens formed by the laminar flow of three streams of liquids in a microchannel whose width expands laterally in the region where the lens forms. Two streams of liquid with a lower refractive index (the cladding) sandwich a stream of liquid with a higher refractive index (the core). As the core stream enters the expansion chamber, it widens and becomes biconvex in shape, for some rates of flow. This biconvex fluidic element focuses light. Manipulating the relative rates of flow of the streams reconfigures the shape, and therefore the focal distance, of the L(2) lens. This paper also describes a technique for beam tracing, and for characterization of a lens in an enclosed micro-scale optical system. The use of a cladding liquid with refractive index matched to that of the material used in the fabrication of the microfluidic system (here, poly(dimethylsiloxane)) improves the quality of the focused beam.
RISKS OF SMALLPOX VACCINATION COMPLICATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES1 (1971)

Journal Article RISKS OF SMALLPOX VACCINATION COMPLICATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES Get access J. MICHAEL LANE, J. MICHAEL LANE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. DONALD MILLAR J. DONALD MILLAR Reprint requests to CDC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 93, Issue 4, April 1971, Pages 238–240, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121252 Published: 01 April 1971
Amifostine and radiation therapy: past, present, and future. (1996)

Preclinical studies demonstrate that amifostine has the potential to selectively protect normal tissues from the harmful effects of radiation without significantly protecting neoplastic tissue. The potential value of such an agent includes reducing treatment-related toxicity and the opportunity for radiation dose escalation in the curative treatment of cancer. An increasing number of human clinical trials have been conducted that define the toxicity profile and efficacy of radioprotection by amifostine when used during fractionated radiation therapy. These trials demonstrate that amifostine is safe and practical to administer in the outpatient setting during fractionated radiation therapy. These studies also illustrate the challenge of accurately evaluating the end point of radioprotection in the clinical setting. This article reviews the recent clinical literature on amifostine, the evidence for normal tissue protection, and the lack of tumor protection by this agent, and suggests possible avenues for future investigation and application of this agent in the field of radiation oncology.
Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin Attenuates Carboplatin-Induced Severe Thrombocytopenia and the Need for Platelet Transfusions in Patients with Gynecologic Cancer (2000)

Therapy with rhTPO seems to be safe and may attenuate chemotherapy-induced severe thrombocytopenia and reduce the need for platelet transfusions.
p53 oncogene mutations in three human prostate cancer cell lines (1993)

p53 gene structure and chromosome 17p alleles were studied in the three human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3. Our laboratory has two separate culture lines of the LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. One strain, LNCaP-GW, had a mutation in one of two alleles at position 273 (arg > his). This mutation could not be detected in a second strain of LNCaP, LNCaP-ATCC. Immunohistochemical staining for P53 protein in the cell lines indicated that protein overexpression in LNCaP was heterogeneous, even in clonal isolates derived from LNCaP-GW that contained the codon 273 mutation in every cell. We also performed in vitro and in vivo growth analysis to compare the LNCaP-GW and LNCaP-ATCC cells. LNCaP-GW grew more rapidly than LNCaP-ATCC in vitro. However, LNCaP-ATCC formed tumors efficiently when inoculated into nude mice, whereas LNCaP-GW formed tumors much less efficiently. Consideration must be given to the notion that some of these p53 mutations arose during in vitro passage. We also confirmed published findings with two other human prostate cancer cell lines. In DU-145, two mutations were found in the p53 gene. A mutation at codon 274 (pro > leu) and a second mutation at codon 223 (val > phe) were present. PC-3 cells were hemizygous for chromosome 17p. The single copy of the p53 gene had a base pair deletion at codon 138 that generated a frame shift and a new in-frame stop codon at position 169.
AMPK activation: a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes? (2014)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and elevated hepatic glucose output. Over 350 million people worldwide have T2D, and the International Diabetes Federation projects that this number will increase to nearly 600 million by 2035. There is a great need for more effective treatments for maintaining glucose homeostasis and improving insulin sensitivity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase whose activation elicits insulin-sensitizing effects, making it an ideal therapeutic target for T2D. AMPK is an energy-sensing enzyme that is activated when cellular energy levels are low, and it signals to stimulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscles, fatty acid oxidation in adipose (and other) tissues, and reduces hepatic glucose production. There is substantial evidence suggesting that AMPK is dysregulated in animals and humans with metabolic syndrome or T2D, and that AMPK activation (physiological or pharmacological) can improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. Numerous pharmacological agents, natural compounds, and hormones are known to activate AMPK, either directly or indirectly - some of which (for example, metformin and thiazolidinediones) are currently used to treat T2D. This paper will review the regulation of the AMPK pathway and its role in T2D, some of the known AMPK activators and their mechanisms of action, and the potential for future improvements in targeting AMPK for the treatment of T2D.
Antisense Oligo-Mediated Multiple Exon Skipping in a Dog Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2010)

Exon skipping is currently one of the most promising molecular therapies for Duchenne muscular -dystrophy (DMD). We have recently developed multiple exon skipping targeting exons 6 and 8 in -dystrophin mRNA of canine X-linked muscular dystrophy (CXMD), an animal model of DMD, which exhibits severe dystrophic phenotype in skeletal muscles and cardiac muscle. We have induced efficient exon skipping both in vitro and in vivo by using cocktail antisense 2'O-methyl oligonucleotides (2'OMePS) and cocktail phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (morpholinos, or PMOs) and ameliorated phenotype of dystrophic dogs by systemic injections. The multiple exon skipping (double exon skipping) shown here provides the prospect of choosing deletions that optimize the functionality of the truncated dystrophin protein for DMD patients by using a common cocktail that could be validated as a single drug and also potentially applicable for more than 90% of DMD patients.
Regulation of Human p53 Activity and Cell Localization by Alternative Splicing (2004)

The development of cancer is a multistep process involving mutations in proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and other genes which control cell proliferation, telomere stability, angiogenesis, and other complex traits. Despite this complexity, the cellular pathways controlled by the p53 tumor suppressor protein are compromised in most, if not all, cancers. In normal cells, p53 controls cell proliferation, senescence, and/or mediates apoptosis in response to stress, cell damage, or ectopic oncogene expression, properties which make p53 the prototype tumor suppressor gene. Defining the mechanisms of regulation of p53 activity in normal and tumor cells has therefore been a major priority in cell biology and cancer research. The present study reveals a novel and potent mechanism of p53 regulation originating through alternative splicing of the human p53 gene resulting in the expression of a novel p53 mRNA. This novel p53 mRNA encodes an N-terminally deleted isoform of p53 termed p47. As demonstrated within, p47 was able to effectively suppress p53-mediated transcriptional activity and impair p53-mediated growth suppression. It was possible to select for p53-null cells expressing p47 alone or coexpressing p53 in the presence of p47 but not cells expressing p53 alone. This showed that p47 itself does not suppress cell viability but could control p53-mediated growth suppression. Interestingly, p47 was monoubiquitinated in an Mdm2-independent manner, and this was associated with its export out of the nucleus. In the presence of p47, there was a reduction in Mdm2-mediated polyubiquitination and degradation of p53, and this was also associated with increased monoubiquitination and nuclear export of p53. The expression of p47 through alternative splicing of the p53 gene thus has a major influence over p53 activity at least in part through controlling p53 ubiquitination and cell localization.
Exploiting relational structure to understand publication patterns in high-energy physics (2003)

We analyze publication patterns in theoretical high-energy physics using a relational learning approach. We focus on four related areas: understanding and identifying patterns of citations, examining publication patterns at the author level, predicting whether a paper will be accepted by specific journals, and identifying research communities from the citation patterns and paper text. Each of these analyses contributes to an overall understanding of theoretical high-energy physics.