gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Mechanisms of Tumor Suppression by the Human p53 Gene (1990)

Mutations of the gene encoding p53, a 53-kilodalton cellular protein, are found frequently in human tumor cells, suggesting a crucial role for this gene in human oncogenesis. To model the stepwise mutation or loss of both p53 alleles during tumorigenesis, a human osteosarcoma cell line, Saos-2, was used that completely lacked endogenous p53. Single copies of exogenous p53 genes were then introduced by infecting cells with recombinant retroviruses containing either point-mutated or wild-type versions of the p53 cDNA sequence. Expression of wild-type p53 suppressed the neoplastic phenotype of Saos-2 cells, whereas expression of mutated p53 conferred a limited growth advantage to cells in the absence of wild-type p53. Wild-type p53 was phenotypically dominant to mutated p53 in a two-allele configuration. These results suggest that, as with the retinoblastoma gene, mutation of both alleles of the p53 gene is essential for its role in oncogenesis.
A Reversal of Misfortune for Myotonic Dystrophy? (2006)

Induction of the expression of a splicing protein reverses myotonia in a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy.
Phase II Study of Docetaxel, Estramustine, and Low-Dose Hydrocortisone in Men With Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Final Report of CALGB 9780 (2001)

This therapy is efficacious and moderately well tolerated in HRPC and should be compared in a phase III trial with mitoxantrone and prednisone.
National Institute of Mental Health Longitudinal Study of Chronic Schizophrenia (1991)

We performed a longitudinal study of chronic schizophrenic patients who were hospitalized for research purposes at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Intramural Program in the 1970s and early 1980s. We assessed present course, outcome and predictor data from the initial cohort of 58 young chronic schizophrenic patients who were followed up for 2 to 12 years following their NIMH index hospitalization. At follow-up, the sample showed substantial functional impairment and levels of symptoms with only about 20% of the sample demonstrating a good outcome. In addition, strong intercorrelation was noted among the symptom and functioning indexes at follow-up. Moreover, neuropsychologic tests of frontal cortical functioning were significantly correlated with outcome levels of negative symptoms and social functioning but not with levels of positive symptoms. During the period from the index hospitalization to the follow-up assessment, 78% of the sample suffered a relapse, 38% attempted suicide and 24% had episodes of major affective illness. Furthermore, levels of positive and negative symptoms ascertained when patients received optimal neuroleptic treatment during the index hospitalization significantly predicted outcome levels of symptoms and functioning and time spent hospitalized during the follow-up period. In contrast, levels of index positive and negative symptoms ascertained during the drug-free state did not predict outcome symptoms or functioning. These data suggest that treatment response is a critical predictor variable. We examined the implication of these data for the course of illness in schizophrenics.
Loss of prostasin (PRSS8) in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cell lines is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (2009)

Loss of prostasin expression in bladder transitional cell carcinomas is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and may have functional implications in tumor invasion and resistance to chemotherapy.
Fragrance contact dermatitis: a worldwide multicenter investigation (Part II) (2001)

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of responses to selected fragrance materials in patients who were fragrance sensitive. 178 patients were evaluated in 8 centers worldwide with a fragrance mix (FM) and 20 other fragrance materials. Reaction to the fragrance mixture (FM) occurred in 78.7% of the subjects. Substances reacting at a rate of 2% or higher included jasmine absolute, geranium oil bourbon, l-citronellol, spearmint oil, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran, omega-6-hexadecenlactone, dimethyltetrahydrobenzaldehyde (isomer mixture), and alpha-amylcinnamaldehyde. These chemicals should be furthur evaluated to corroborate their allergenicity. We are constantly looking for new fragrance allergens to extend the diagnostic capability of the fragrance mix (FM).
Targeted Delivery and Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Cetuximab−Saporin by Photochemical Internalization in EGFR-Positive Cancer Cells (2007)

Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a novel technology of macromolecular delivery. By PCI, endocytosed membrane-impermeable therapeutic drugs are photochemically released from entrapment in endo-lysosomal compartments to the cytosol of target cells. In the present report, we describe the in vitro proof-of-concept for PCI of cetuximab-saporin, an immunotoxin targeting EGFR-expressing cells. This immunotoxin consists of the chimeric murine-human IgG1 monoclonal antibody cetuximab (C225 or Erbitux) bound to the type I ribosome-inactivating protein toxin saporin by a biotin-streptavidin linkage. The photochemical treatment enhanced the cytotoxicity of the immunotoxin in a synergistic manner in three different EGFR-expressing carcinoma cell lines derived from different tumor tissues (colorectal, HCT-116; prostate, DU-145; and epidermis, A-431). Both cytotoxicity of cetuximab-saporin and epifluorescence of Alexa488-cetuximab were evaluated by competition with cetuximab demonstrating specific binding and uptake of cetuximab-saporin in EGFR positive cells. In the EGFR-negative uterine sarcoma cell line MES-SA, neither binding nor preferential accumulation of Alexa488-cetuximab was detected. In addition, PCI enhanced the cytotoxicity of cetuximab-saporin to the same extent as streptavidin-saporin in the MES-SA cells. In conclusion, PCI enhances selectivity of the cytotoxicity of the immunotoxin cetuximab-saporin in EGFR-expressing cells.
Relationship Between Intake of Green Tea and Periodontal Disease (2009)

There was a modest inverse association between the intake of green tea and periodontal disease.
Steroid controversy in sepsis and septic shock (1995)

No overall beneficial effect of corticosteroids in patients with septic shock was observed; however, there is some evidence for a positive effect in patients with Gram-negative septicemia.
Promoting Positive Outcomes for Healthy Youth Development: Utilizing Social Capital Theory (2009)

This article discusses the central tenets of the theories of social capital, which include exchanges, trust, obligation, bonding, bridging, and issues concerning the marginalization of certain groups. Included is an exploration of the limitations of the approaches of the key theorists, followed by the presentation of a theoretical framework and model of the development of social capital among youth. Additionally, the article discusses the relevancy of social capital for social work practice.
Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell (1986)

A thin-film, two-layer organic photovoltaic cell has been fabricated from copper phthalocyanine and a perylene tetracarboxylic derivative. A power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved under simulated AM2 illumination. A novel feature of the device is that the charge-generation efficiency is relatively independent of the bias voltage, resulting in cells with fill factor values as high as 0.65. The interface between the two organic materials, rather than the electrode/organic contacts, is crucial in determining the photovoltaic properties of the cell.
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Acetyl Triethyl Citrate, a Water-Soluble Plasticizer for Pharmaceutical Polymers in Rats (2019)

Acetyl triethyl citrate (ATEC) is a water-soluble plasticizer used in pharmaceutical plasticized polymers. In this study, the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ATEC were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in rats. Plasma protein precipitation with methanol was used for sample preparation. For chromatographic separation, a C18 column was used. The mobile phases consisted of 0.1% formic acid and 90% acetonitrile, and gradient elution was used. The following precursor-product ion pairs were selected for reaction monitoring analysis: 319.1 <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> → 157 m/z for ATEC and 361.2 <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> → 185.1 m/z for tributyl citrate (internal standard) in positive ion mode. The LC-MS/MS method was fully validated and successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of ATEC in rats. The pharmacokinetic study showed that the volume of distribution and mean residence time of ATEC were higher after oral administration than after intravenous administration, pointing to extensive first-pass metabolism and distribution in tissue. In addition, the plasma concentration profile of the postulated metabolites of ATEC was investigated in plasma, urine, and feces. The resulting data indicated that ATEC was extensively metabolized and excreted mainly as metabolites rather than as the parent form. The developed analytical method and the data on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ATEC may be useful for understanding the safety and toxicity of ATEC.
WebSphere Application Server 開発者ガイド (2001)

第１章 ＷｅｂＳｐｈｅｒｅ Ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ Ｓｅｒｖｅｒプログラミング・モデル 第２章 Ｗｅｂアプリケーションの開発 第３章 ＸＭＬ 第４章 ＥＪＢ 第５章 移行ガイド 第６章 サンプル
Idelalisib — A PI3Kδ Inhibitor for B-Cell Cancers (2014)

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signal transduction pathway is highly active in tumors and drives many of the hallmarks of cancer. Efforts to develop PI3K inhibitors for oncology have been complicated by the existence of four distinct PI3K catalytic isoforms with partially overlapping functions. In addition, diverse resistance mechanisms and on-target toxic effects have been observed with many PI3K inhibitors.1,2 In this issue of the Journal, two clinical teams report that idelalisib, a selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of PI3K, provides impressive efficacy and has an acceptable side-effect profile when used to treat patients with certain B-cell cancers.3, . . .
Endothelial cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha express varying amounts of tissue factor resulting in inhomogenous fibrin deposition in a native blood flow system. Effects of thrombin inhibitors. (1994)

TNF-alpha induces changes in endothelial cell functions, such as upregulation of tissue factor, resulting in endothelial procoagulant activity which may play a role in disseminated intravascular coagulation. The procoagulant activity of TNF-alpha-stimulated endothelial cell monolayers was studied in a human ex vivo native (nonanticoagulated) blood flow system using the three thrombin inhibitors recombinant hirudin, Ro 46-6240, and heparin. Under venous blood flow conditions (shear rate 65 s-1) recombinant hirudin, Ro 46-6240, and heparin inhibited fibrin deposition on the endothelial cells by 50% at concentrations of 14, 28, and 412 ng/ml, respectively. The highest tested concentrations of the thrombin inhibitors reduced the postchamber fibrinopeptide A levels from 713 +/- 69 to < 70 ng/ml. Surprisingly, even at relatively high inhibitor concentrations, some local fibrin deposits were found on TNF-alpha-stimulated cells, suggesting that some endothelial cells possess higher procoagulant activity than others. Therefore, the surface expression pattern of tissue factor, the primary initiator of coagulation in this system, was examined by immunogold-silver staining. The results showed that the tissue factor density on the cell surface varied strongly among TNF-alpha-stimulated endothelial cells. Using TNF receptor-selective agonistic mutants of TNF-alpha, it was demonstrated further that the heterogenous surface expression of tissue factor was mediated entirely by the 55-kD TNF receptor and did not involve the 75-kD TNF receptor. We conclude that in this system TNF-alpha induces heterogenous tissue factor expression which may lead to a high local thrombin concentration, such that even in the presence of thrombin inhibitors focal fibrin deposition occurs.
Inhibiting PSMα-induced neutrophil necroptosis protects mice with MRSA pneumonia by blocking the agr system (2018)

Given its high resistance, enhanced virulence, and high transmissibility, community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) pneumonia is highly associated with high morbidity and mortality. Anti-virulence therapy is a promising strategy that bypasses the evolutionary pressure on the bacterium to develop resistance. RNAIII-inhibiting peptide (RIP), as an accessory gene regulator (agr)-specific inhibitor, significantly restricts the virulence of S. aureus and protects infected mice from death by blocking the agr quorum sensing system. The protective effects of RIP on the neutropenic mice completely disappeared in a neutrophil-deleted mouse infection model, but not in the macrophage-deleted mice. This result confirmed that the in vivo antibacterial activity of RIP is highly associated with neutrophil function. Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), as major leukocyte lysis toxins of CA-MRSA, are directly regulated by the agr system. In this experiment, PSMα1, 2, and 3 significantly induced neutrophil necroptosis by activating mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL) phosphorylation and increasing lactate dehydrogenase release. The S. aureus supernatants harvested from the agr or psmα mutant strains both decreased the phosphorylation level of MLKL and cell lysis. PSMα1-mediated neutrophil lysis was significantly inhibited by necrosulfonamide, necrostatin-1, TNFα antibody, and WRW4. These results showed PSMα1 induced necroptosis depends on formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2)-mediated autocrine TNFα. Moreover, the neutrophil necroptosis induced by S. aureus was significantly suppressed and pneumonia was effectively prevented by the blockage of agrA and psmα expression levels. These findings indicate that PSMα-induced necroptosis is a major cause of lung pathology in S. aureus pneumonia and suggest that interfering with the agr quorum sensing signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy.
Scopes in Discourse (1996)

In this paper we show that the dynamic interpretation techniques of Janssen (assignment modalities), Groenendijk and Stokhof (dynamic binding), and Hendriks (exibly scoping rules) enable a rigorous formulation of the semantics of intersentential anaphoric relationships, as well as of telescoping and periscoping phenomena in natural language. Keywords: Natural Language Semantics, Dynamic Interpretation, Flexible Type Theory, Scope and Binding. 1 Introduction In this paper we want to show that the potential of techniques of dynamic interpretation as developed by Janssen, Groenendijk and Stokhof, and Hendriks in the second half of the eighties has not yet been fully recognized. Not only do these techniques allow a rigorous formulation of the semantics of anaphoric relationships across sentential or clausal borders (including `donkey-anaphora&amp;apos;), but they are also the right ones for formulating the semantics of what Craige Roberts has dubbed `telescoping&amp;apos; and that of what is called `peri...
Aptamer‐Based Affinity Labeling of Proteins (2012)

A most able label: Labeled aptamers can be cross-linked to their target structures in a light-dependent and highly specific manner as a result of a new strategy termed aptamer-based affinity labeling (ABAL) of proteins. The aptamer-protein complexes can be enriched in vitro, from a cellular lysate and from the surface of living cells, opening new ways to study aptamer interactions in biological contexts.
Poly(3,4-alkylenedioxypyrrole)s as Highly Stable Aqueous-Compatible Conducting Polymers with Biomedical Implications (2000)

Polypyrrole (PPy) may be set to revolutionize biological applications such as tissue engineering and biosensors due to its high electroactivity/conductivity and the water compatibility of its films. However, inherent weaknesses in PPy-based materials arise from defect sites along the PPy polymer backbone, and its instability to reduction by biologically relevant reducing agents such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and glutathione. Here is presented a family of electron-rich poly(3,4-alkylenedioxypyrrole)s that address these structural weaknesses and are stable in the conducting, oxidized form, rendering them immune to strong biological reducing agents.
Fast in-memory transaction processing using RDMA and HTM (2015)

We present DrTM, a fast in-memory transaction processing system that exploits advanced hardware features (i.e., RDMA and HTM) to improve latency and throughput by over one order of magnitude compared to state-of-the-art distributed transaction systems. The high performance of DrTM are enabled by mostly offloading concurrency control within a local machine into HTM and leveraging the strong consistency between RDMA and HTM to ensure serializability among concurrent transactions across machines. We further build an efficient hash table for DrTM by leveraging HTM and RDMA to simplify the design and notably improve the performance. We describe how DrTM supports common database features like read-only transactions and logging for durability. Evaluation using typical OLTP workloads including TPC-C and SmallBank show that DrTM scales well on a 6-node cluster and achieves over 5.52 and 138 million transactions per second for TPC-C and SmallBank Respectively. This number outperforms a state-of-the-art distributed transaction system (namely Calvin) by at least 17.9X for TPC-C.
Sample preparation protocols for realization of reproducible characterization of single-wall carbon nanotubes (2009)

Harmonized sample pre-treatment is an essential first step in ensuring quality of measurements as regards repeatability, inter-laboratory reproducibility and commutability. The development of standard preparation methods for single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) samples is therefore essential to progress in their investigation and eventual commercialization. Here, descriptions of sample preparation and pre-treatment for the physicochemical characterization of SWCNTs are provided. Analytical methods of these protocols include: scanning electron microscopy (SEM; dry, wet), transmission electron microscopy (TEM; dry, wet), atomic force microscopy (AFM), inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), neutron activation analysis (NAA), Raman spectroscopy (dry, wet), UV-Vis-NIR absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, manometric isothermal gas adsorption and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Although sample preparation refers to these specific methods, application to other methods for measurement and characterization of SWCNTs can be envisioned.
The Plasmid-Located Haloalkane Dehalogenase Gene from Rhodococcus Rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 (1997)

The haloalkane dehalogenase (dhaA) gene from Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 was cloned and sequenced. Its comparison with the previously studied dhlA gene from Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 did not show homology. However, the amino acid sequences of the products of these genes showed approximately 30% identity and several of the catalytic amino acid residues were conserved in the NCIMB 13,064 dehalogenase. A high level of dhaA expression was demonstrated in Escherichia coli cells and this gene was shown to encode a dehalogenase with the activity against chloroalkanes of chain length C3-C10. Also, some dehalogenase activity against 1,2-dichloroethane encoded by the cloned dhaA gene was detected. The analysis of NCIMB 13,064 derivatives lacking dehalogenase activity showed that the dhaA gene was located on the 100 kbp pRTL1 plasmid. It was also found that reversible rearrangements of DNA in the dhaA region may be responsible for the control of expression of haloalkane dehalogenase in R. rhodochrous NCIMB 13064. A number of repeated and inverted sequences which may cause genetic instability at the locus were found in the haloalkane dehalogenase gene region.
Building efficient, accurate character skins from examples (2003)

Good character animation requires convincing skin deformations including subtleties and details like muscle bulges. Such effects are typically created in commercial animation packages which provide very general and powerful tools. While these systems are convenient and flexible for artists, the generality often leads to characters that are slow to compute or that require a substantial amount of memory and thus cannot be used in interactive systems. Instead, interactive systems restrict artists to a specific character deformation model which is fast and memory efficient but is notoriously difficult to author and can suffer from many deformation artifacts. This paper presents an automated framework that allows character artists to use the full complement of tools in high-end systems to create characters for interactive systems. Our method starts with an arbitrarily rigged character in an animation system. A set of examples is exported, consisting of skeleton configurations paired with the deformed geometry as static meshes. Using these examples, we fit the parameters of a deformation model that best approximates the original data yet remains fast to compute and compact in memory.
Epidemiological Studies from Europe (2008)

Of the many outstanding papers that have already appeared this year, I would like to draw your attention to two which I feel are of particular interest to those of you involved in urological oncology. The first of these appeared in January and is from institutions in Milan and Lausanne, headed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon [1]. In this study, the authors have used data from the WHO database over the period 1970-2004, with the intention of updating trends in bladder cancer mortality in 32 European countries and in the European Union as a whole. It was found that the rate of mortality from bladder cancer remained stable up to the early 1990s, but then decreased by about 16% in men and 12% in women in the early 2000s. The country-by-country changes are more carefully analysed in the article. The authors conclude that the declining mortality in bladder cancer seen in men is probably mainly due to the concomitant lowering of the prevalence of smoking in European men, with exposure of occupational carcinogens being very considerably reduced. The explanation for the decline in mortality in women is less clear, with the role of UTI, diet and other possible carcinogens being discussed. This very important epidemiological paper is of great interest. In one of the April issues, the Tyrol Prostate Cancer Demonstration Project is updated [2]. The University of Innsbruck and the Tyrol Cancer Registry have been carrying out a well-controlled programme of early detection and treatment of prostate cancer since 1988; PSA testing was offered free to all men aged 45–75 years in the region since 1993. This is not a randomized study, but it is based on a comparison of prostate cancer mortality rates between the Tyrol and the rest of Austria. The authors noted a significant migration to lower stage disease, and that radical prostatectomy was associated with lower morbidity. In addition, they noted that 86.6% of eligible men in the region have had their PSA level assessed at least once since 1993. They found that the reduction in prostate cancer mortality in the Tyrol was significantly greater than that seen in the rest of Austria. They conclude that this reduction is most likely due to early detection, with consequent down-staging and effective therapy. This presents important evidence in favour of PSA-based screening for prostate cancer, while we await the results of the randomized trials specifically designed to test this hypothesis.