gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advantages of a New Taq DNA Polymerase in Multiplex PCR and Time-Release PCR (1998)

Extensive diagnostic and scientific investigations are often restricted by limited availability of material. Therefore, methods like multiplex PCR strategies are needed to conserve as much sample as possible. Unfortunately, the establishment of such procedures poses several difficulties. Here we describe the advantages of a new enzyme, AmpliTaq Gold DNA Polymerase, in multiplex and time-release PCR. The application of this thermostable recombinant Taq DNA polymerase allows the specific amplification of DNA/cDNA targets with very high sensitivity. With our protocol, the specific amplification of 13 different cDNAs of cytokines and cytokine receptors can be realized in three multiplex PCRs (IL-2R alpha, IL-2/15R beta, gamma c-chain, IL-4 and IL-4R alpha; IL-10, IL-15 and IL-15R alpha; and IL-2, IFN gamma, IL-7, IL-7R alpha and IL-9R alpha). The novel application of AmpliTaq Gold DNA Polymerase in a time-release PCR protocol allows specific amplification of target DNA/cDNA when only limited amounts of material are available or only low-copy-number DNA/cDNA is suspected. No IL-9 cDNA can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the absence of any stimulation, thus it was difficult to amplify this target with routine PCR protocols. Here we demonstrate the reliable and reproducible amplification of IL-9 cDNA in the Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line KM-H2, in PBMC and in stimulated PBMC. Results with AmpliTaq Gold DNA Polymerase were more sensitive and specific compared with AmpliTaq DNA Polymerase, with and without manual hot-start procedure.
p53-Dependent and -Independent Pathways of Apoptotic Cell Death in Sepsis (2000)

Sepsis induces extensive apoptosis of lymphocytes, which may be responsible for the profound immune suppression of the disorder. Two potential pathways of sepsis-induced lymphocyte apoptosis, Fas and p53, were investigated. Lymphocyte apoptosis was evaluated 20-22 h after sepsis by annexin V or DNA nick-end labeling. Fas receptor-deficient mice had no protection against sepsis-induced apoptosis in thymocytes or splenocytes. p53 knockout mice (p53-/-) had complete protection against thymocyte apoptosis but, surprisingly, had no protection in splenocytes. p53-/- mice had no improvement in sepsis survival compared with appropriately matched control mice with sepsis. We conclude that both p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways of cell death exist in sepsis. This differential apoptotic response of thymocytes vs splenocytes in p53-/- mice suggests that either the cellular response or the death-inducing signal is cell-type specific in sepsis. The fact that p53-/- lymphocytes of an identical subtype (CD8-CD4+) were protected in thymi but not in spleens indicates that cell susceptibility to apoptosis differs depending upon other unidentified factors.
Purification and characterization of biosurfactants from Nocardia sp. L‐417 (2000)

The Nocardia sp. L-417 strain grown with n-hexadecane as a carbon source produced two types of biosurfactant that have different characteristics. These biosurfactants were purified by procedures that included ammonium sulphate fractionation, chilled acetone and hexane treatments, silica-gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration. The purified biosurfactants were very stable over a broad range of pHs (2-12) and temperatures (100 degrees C, 3 h). The biosurfactant type I had strong properties as an emulsifying agent and as an emulsion-stabilizing agent, whereas type II had a strong ability to reduce surface tension.
Reversal of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Mice by Cellular Transduction With Recombinant Pancreatic Transcription Factor Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 (2007)

rPdx1 treatment of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes promotes beta-cell regeneration and liver cell reprogramming, leading to restoration of normoglycemia. This novel PTD-based protein therapy offers a promising way to treat patients with diabetes while avoiding potential side effects associated with the use of viral vectors.
ValidMaker: A tool for managing device configurations using logical constraints (2012)

Configuration Logic (CL) is a formal language that allows a network engineer to express constraints in terms of the actual parameters found in the configuration of network devices. There exists an efficient algorithm that can automatically check a pool of devices for conformance to a set of CL constraints; moreover, this algorithm can point to the part of the configuration responsible for the error when a constraint is violated. A CL validation engine has been integrated into a network management tool called ValidMaker. We show on a simple use case scenario based on Virtual Local Area Networks how representative formal constraints can be expressed with CL and efficiently validated with ValidMaker.
Coherent Nonlinear Optical Response of Graphene (2010)

We investigate the nonlinear optical properties of graphene flakes using four-wave mixing. The corresponding third-order optical susceptibility is found to be remarkably large and only weakly dependent on the wavelength in the near-infrared frequency range. The magnitude of the response is in good agreement with our calculations based on the nonlinear quantum response theory.
Experimental quantitation of cation effect on nucleic acid stability. (1997)

Cation effect on DNA/DNA, RNA/RNA, and RNA/DNA stabilities was investigated quantitatively. Plots of predicted delta G degree 37 values vs. measured delta G degree 37 ones showed the same relationship for DNA/DNA, RNA/RNA, and RNA/DNA. The number of sodium ion concerned in a double helix formation was estimated, and the result indicated that the number of bound sodium ion may determine the duplex stability regardless of DNA/DNA, RNA/RNA, and RNA/DNA. Since these duplex stability can be predicted with the nearest-neighbor model, it is considered that the number of bound sodium ions is affected by the nearest-neighbor bases. The importance of the screening effect of the electrostatic repulsion by bound cations was also indicated for determining the duplex stability as well as the hydrogen bonding and stacking interactions.
Arabidopsis microRNA167controls patterns ofARF6andARF8expression, and regulates both female and male reproduction (2006)

In flowering plants, diploid sporophytic tissues in ovules and anthers support meiosis and subsequent haploid gametophyte development. These analogous reproductive functions suggest that common mechanisms may regulate ovule and anther development. Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors,ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers. Wild-type pollen grew poorly in arf6 arf8 gynoecia, correlating with ARF6 and ARF8 expression in style and transmitting tract. ARF6 and ARF8 transcripts are cleavage targets of the microRNA miR167, and overexpressing miR167 mimicked arf6 arf8 phenotypes. Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present. As a result, ovule integuments had arrested growth, and anthers grew abnormally and failed to release pollen. Thus, miR167 is essential for correct patterning of gene expression, and for fertility of both ovules and anthers. The essential patterning function of miR167 contrasts with cases from animals in which miRNAs reinforce or maintain transcriptionally established gene expression patterns.
Octadecyl Mercaptan Sub-monolayers on Silver Electrodeposited on Gold Quartz Crystal Microbalance Electrodes (1997)

The objective of this work is to accurately and reproducibly control the amount of alkanethiol self-assembled onto the surface of a gold quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) electrode. This reaction is the first step in preparing bilayer membranes on gold electrodes that contain cytochrome c oxidase. In this work procedures for cleaning the surface of gold QCM electrodes, including use of an oxygen plasma, a UV surface cleaner, and aggressive chemical treatment of the surface, still led to rates of octadecyl mercaptan (OM) self-assembly that were highly irreproducible, varying over several orders of magnitude in time. Electrodeposition of a silver monolayer onto the surface of gold QCM electrodes affords a surface at which the OM self-assembly reaction can be easily controlled. Using the QCM to monitor the self-assembly reaction of OM on the silver-coated gold QCM electrode surface, a selected sub-monolayer coverage can be reliably prepared in about 10 min.
Role of respiratory control mechanisms in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep disorders (2008)

Obstructive sleep disorders develop when the normal reduction in pharyngeal dilator activity at sleep onset occurs in an individual whose pharynx requires a relatively high level of dilator activity to remain sufficiently open. They range from steady snoring, to slowly evolving hypopneas, to fast-recurring obstructive hypopneas and apneas. A fundamental observation is that the polysomnographic picture differs substantially among subjects with the same pharyngeal collapsibility, and even in the same subject at different times, indicating that the type and severity of the disorder is determined to a large extent by the individual's response to the obstruction. The present report reviews the various mechanisms involved in the response to sleep-induced obstructive events. When the obstructive event takes the form of mild-moderate flow limitation, compensation can take place through an increase in the fraction of time spent in inspiration (Ti/Ttot) without any increase in maximum flow (V(MAX)). With more severe obstructions, V(MAX) must increase. Recent data indicate that the obstructed upper airway can reopen reflexly, without arousal, if chemical drive is allowed to reach a threshold (T(ER)) but that this is often preempted by a low arousal threshold. The relation between T(ER) and arousal threshold, as well as the lung-to-carotid circulation time and the rate of rise of chemical drive during the obstructive event, determine the magnitude of ventilatory overshoot at the end of an event and, by extension, whether initial obstructive events will be followed by stable breathing, slow evolving hypopneas with occasional arousals, or repetitive events.
Navigation grade MEMS accelerometer (2010)

This paper reports on a high performance navigation grade MEMS servo accelerometer targeted at inertial applications. Reported results are for a bulk MEMS capacitive sensor with 11g full scale over a 300 Hz bandwidth interfaced with a highly optimized servo-loop 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> -order sigma-delta electronic. Measurements demonstrate a long-term bias stability of +/-0.2mg, a second order non-linearity K2 < 5 ¿g/g <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , an in-band noise floor of 1 ¿g/¿Hz and a Dynamic Range over 1 Hz bandwidth of 22 bits.
Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males.Official Recommendations of ISSAM (2002)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeAGING HYPOGONADISM TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT
Dislocation reduction in epitaxial GaAs on Si(100) (1986)

We have studied the nucleation and propagation of threading dislocations in GaAs on Si epitaxial layers, and have found several techniques which are effective in reducing their density. The use of substrates properly tilted off (100) reduces the dislocation density as the presence of steps helps create perfect edge dislocations with their Burgers vector parallel to the interface and thus do not propagate into the bulk epitaxial layer. Cross sections by transmission electron microscopy show that the incorporation of an InGaAs/GaAs strained-layer superlattice reduces the density of threading dislocations above it by a factor of 10, clearly demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique. These methods lead to a dislocation density of 103 cm−2 near the surface of 2 μm layers which is five orders of magnitude lower than what has been obtained previously. We have also found that the density of oval defects is much lower for GaAs on Si than for GaAs on GaAs.
The AMPK agonist AICAR inhibits the growth of EGFRvIII-expressing glioblastomas by inhibiting lipogenesis (2009)

The EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is activated in many cancers including glioblastoma, yet mTOR inhibitors have largely failed to show efficacy in the clinic. Rapamycin promotes feedback activation of Akt in some patients, potentially underlying clinical resistance and raising the need for alternative approaches to block mTOR signaling. AMPK is a metabolic checkpoint that integrates growth factor signaling with cellular metabolism, in part by negatively regulating mTOR. We used pharmacological and genetic approaches to determine whether AMPK activation could block glioblastoma growth and cellular metabolism, and we examined the contribution of EGFR signaling in determining response in vitro and in vivo. The AMPK-agonist AICAR, and activated AMPK adenovirus, inhibited mTOR signaling and blocked the growth of glioblastoma cells expressing the activated EGFR mutant, EGFRvIII. Across a spectrum of EGFR-activated cancer cell lines, AICAR was more effective than rapamycin at blocking tumor cell proliferation, despite less efficient inhibition of mTORC1 signaling. Unexpectedly, addition of the metabolic products of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis rescued the growth inhibitory effect of AICAR, whereas inhibition of these lipogenic enzymes mimicked AMPK activation, thus demonstrating that AMPK blocked tumor cell proliferation primarily through inhibition of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. Most importantly, AICAR treatment in mice significantly inhibited the growth and glycolysis (as measured by (18)fluoro-2-deoxyglucose microPET) of glioblastoma xenografts engineered to express EGFRvIII, but not their parental counterparts. These results suggest a mechanism by which AICAR inhibits the proliferation of EGFRvIII expressing glioblastomas and point toward a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting EGFR-activated cancers.
The SimpleScalar tool set as an instructional tool (1998)

Article Free Access Share on The SimpleScalar tool set as an instructional tool: experiences and future directions Author: Todd M. Austin Oregon Graduate Institute Oregon Graduate InstituteView Profile Authors Info & Claims WCAE-4 '98: Proceedings of the 1998 workshop on Computer architecture educationJanuary 1998 Pages 1–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1275176.1275177Published:01 January 1998Publication History 0citation148DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads148Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Nanotubes are High Mobility Semiconductors (2002)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. Dürkop, T. Brintlinger, M. S. Fuhrer; Nanotubes are High Mobility Semiconductors. AIP Conf. Proc. 14 October 2002; 633 (1): 242–246. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1514114 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Global Conformation of a Self-Cleaving Hammerhead RNA (1994)

Phylogenetic and biochemical studies of RNA have provided a wealth of information regarding secondary structure; however, knowledge of tertiary structure has been more difficult to obtain. In the current work, electrophoretic and hydrodynamic measurements have yielded the global conformations of a self-cleaving "hammerhead" RNA, both prior to and following self-cleavage. The pre- and post-cleavage structures appear to have nearly identical conformations in which the three helices assume a roughly coplanar arrangement with well-defined interhelix angles. Following self-cleavage, one of the three helix stems (stem I) undergoes a slight (< 10 degrees) realignment, although the relative positions of the other two stems remain unchanged. Extension of stem III from (nominally) three base pairs to nine base pairs, known to dramatically enhance the rate of self-cleavage, results in a substantial (approximately 70 degrees) realignment of stems I and II. The current study represents an approach for studying other nonhelical elements in RNA.
Premarket Forecasting of Really-New Products (1996)

The authors illustrate how a firm can face the challenge of forecasting consumer reaction for a really-new product. For the case of an electric vehicle, the authors describe how one firm combines managerial judgment and state-of-the-art market measurement to determine whether (1) the really-new product would be a viable business venture at its target launch date, (2) the firm should plan for improvements in technology that would reduce price and/or increase benefits enough so that the business venture would be profitable, or (3) the firm should stop development. The new market measurement system combines existing methods with a multimedia virtual-buying environment that conditions respondents for future situations, simulates user experience, and encourages consumers to actively search for information on the product. The authors comment on the advantages and disadvantages of the methodology and summarize the lessons they have learned from this application.
Stirred culture of peripheral and cord blood hematopoietic cells offers advantages over traditional static systems for clinically relevant applications (1998)

The ability to culture hematopoietic cells in readily characterizable and scalable stirred systems, combined with the capability to utilize serum-free medium, will aid the development of clinically attractive bioreactor systems for transplantation therapies. We thus examined the proliferation and differentiation characteristics of peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNC), cord blood (CB) MNC, and PB CD34(+) cells in spinner flasks and (control) T-flask cultures in both serum-containing and serum-free media. Hematopoietic cultures initiated from all sources examined (PB MNC, CB MNC, and PB CD34(+) cells) grew well in spinner vessels with either serum-containing or serum-free medium. Culture proliferation in spinner flasks was dependent on both agitator design and RPM as well as on the establishment of critical inoculum densities (ID) in both serum-containing (2 x 10(5) MNC/mL) and serum-free (3 x 10(5) MNC/mL) media. Spinner flask culture of PB MNC in serum-containing medium provided superior expansion of total cells and colony-forming cells (CFC) at high ID (1.2 x 10(6) cells/mL) as compared to T-flask controls. Serum-free spinner culture was comparable, if not superior, to that observed in serum-containing medium. This is the first report of stirred culture of PB or CB MNC, as well as the first report of stirred CD34(+) cell culture. Additionally, this is the first account of serum-free stirred culture of hematopoietic cells from any source.
Measuring belongingness: The Social Connectedness and the Social Assurance scales. (1995)

The study developed 2 measures of belongingness based on H. Kohut's (1984) self psychology theory. The Social Connectedness Scale and the Social Assurance Scale were constructed with a split-sample procedure on 626 college students. Internal reliability estimates for the 2 scales were.91 and.82, respectively. Test-retest correlations revealed good test stability over a 2-week period (rs = .96 and .84, respectively). Cross-validation for the 2 measures was achieved with confirmatory factor analysis with an incremental fit index greater than .90. Scale functions are described and results are discussed in light of current research and theory
Synthesis of covalently linked dimeric derivatives of chlorophyll a, pyrochlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and bacteriochlorophyll a (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of covalently linked dimeric derivatives of chlorophyll a, pyrochlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and bacteriochlorophyll aMichael R. Wasielewski and Walter A. SvecCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 10, 1969–1974Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01298a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01298a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views548Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CLAVATA2 forms a distinct CLE-binding receptor complex regulating Arabidopsis stem cell specification (2010)

CLAVATA1 (CLV1), CLV2, CLV3, CORYNE (CRN), BAM1 and BAM2 are key regulators that function at the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of plants to promote differentiation by limiting the size of the organizing center that maintains stem cell identity in neighboring cells. Previous results have indicated that the extracellular domain of the receptor kinase CLV1 binds to the CLV3-derived CLE ligand. The biochemical role of the receptor-like protein CLV2 has remained largely unknown. Although genetic analysis suggested that CLV2, together with the membrane kinase CRN, acts in parallel with CLV1, recent studies using transient expression indicated that CLV2 and CRN from a complex with CLV1. Here, we report detection of distinct CLV2-CRN heteromultimeric and CLV1-BAM multimeric complexes in transient expression in tobacco and in Arabidopsis meristems. Weaker interactions between the two complexes were detectable in transient expression. We also find that CLV2 alone generates a membrane-localized CLE binding activity independent of CLV1. CLV2, CLV1 and the CLV1 homologs BAM1 and BAM2 all bind to the CLV3-derived CLE peptide with similar kinetics, but BAM receptors show a broader range of interactions with different CLE peptides. Finally, we show that BAM and CLV1 overexpression can compensate for the loss of CLV2 function in vivo. These results suggest two parallel ligand-binding receptor complexes controlling stem cell specification in Arabidopsis.