gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Chemosensitivity Are Independent Predictors of Mortality after Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) for Patients (pts) with Lymphoma. (2007)

Abstract An HCT-comorbidity index (HCT-CI) was modeled to capture comorbidities and predict outcomes among pts given allogeneic HCT (Blood 2005). Here, we asked whether the HCT-CI could provide prognostic information among pts given autologous HCT. We retrospectively collected and analyzed comorbidities and other pretransplant variables among 273 pts with lymphoma transplanted between 2000 and 2005. Pts were conditioned with cyclophosphamide + total body irradiation or radio-labeled monoclonal antibody (n=127), busulfan/melphalan/thiotepa (n=86), melphalan/cytarabine/BCNU/etoposide (n=37), or other regimens (n=17). Diagnoses were indolent (n=36) or aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n=169) and Hodgkin lymphoma (n=68). At HCT, 16%, 37%, and 34% of pts had disease transformed from follicular lymphoma, chemosensitive disease, and elevated LDH, respectively. Median age was 49 (range:13–76) years. Median number of prior regimens was 3 and 58% and 26% had prior rituximab and radiotherapy, respectively. HCT-CI comorbidities (score &gt;0, Table 1) were found among 65% of pts, of whom 16% had score 1, 19% score 2, 26% scores 3–4, and 4% scores ≥5. Among pts with scores ≥3 (n=82), 20 had a single comorbidity while 62 had ≥2 comorbidities. In univariate analyses, number of prior regimens, prior rituximab, prior radiotherapy, histology, transformed disease, conditioning regimen, CD34+ cell dose, and time between diagnosis and HCT were not statistically significant in predicting outcomes. Factors which were significant in univariate analyses, were tested in multivariate models (Table 2), where HCT-CI scores independently predicted non-relapse mortality (NRM) and together with LDH and chemosensitive disease predicted overall (OS) and relapse-free survivals (RFS). Pts with HCT-CI scores of 0 vs 1–2 vs ≥3 had 2-year NRM of 3%, 8%, and 19% and OS of 80%, 78%, and 52% respectively (Figure). Further, pts with scores of 3–4 vs ≥5 had NRM and OS of 15% and 57% vs 42% and 25%, respectively. In conclusion, Pts with HCT-CI scores of 0 and 1–2 tolerated high-dose conditioning equally well, while scores ≥3 were associated with increasing mortality. The HCT-CI is an informative tool to assess pts given autologous HCT, and it could provide valuable independent prognostic information when used prospectively. Table 1: HCT-CI Comorbidities % Score Pulmonary Moderate 30 2 Severe 9 3 Cardiac EF ≤ 50% 7.3 1 Arrhythmia 2.9 1 CAD 1.8 1 Valvular 0.7 3 Hepatic Mild 6.6 1 Moderate 1 3 Prior malignancy 5.5 3 Ulcer 2.6 2 Rheumatologic 1 2 Renal 0.4 2 Diabetes 4.8 1 Psychiatric 14 1 Infection 3.7 1 Obesity 8.8 1 Others 1.8 1 Table 2: Multivariate analyses NRM Mortality RFS HR P HR P HR P *Age was included but was not statistically significabt HCT-CI scores 0 1 1 1 1–2 1.6 0.5 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.6 ≥3 6.6 0.0009 2.9 &lt;0.0001 2.4 0.0001 LDH Normal 1 1 1 Abnormal 1.6 0.27 2.0 0.001 1.6 0.01 Chemosensitivity Yes 1 1 1 No 1.2 0.7 1.6 0.02 1.7 0.005 Figure Figure
Implantable Device to Monitor Cardiac Activity with Sternal Wires (2014)

These initial results showed that our novel device can use sternal wires as electrodes in vivo to monitor cardiac electrical activity and safely capture physiologic signals after surgical placement.
A durable and energy efficient main memory using phase change memory technology (2009)

Using nonvolatile memories in memory hierarchy has been investigated to reduce its energy consumption because nonvolatile memories consume zero leakage power in memory cells. One of the difficulties is, however, that the endurance of most nonvolatile memory technologies is much shorter than the conventional SRAM and DRAM technology. This has limited its usage to only the low levels of a memory hierarchy, e.g., disks, that is far from the CPU.
Macrophage‐Specific ErbB4 is Induced by DSS Colitis and Regulates Macrophage Survival (2015)

The ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase is induced in the colonic epithelium in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the ErbB4-specific ligand neuregulin-4 is protective in murine colitis models. Interestingly, ErbB4 is also robustly detectable in the submucosal stroma where immune cells accumulate during inflammation. Previous studies have shown ErbB4 expression on circulating human monocytes and neuronal macrophages (Mø), but its expression on intestinal Mø and role in Mø biology are unknown. HYPOTHESIS: As Mø play a significant role in the development of acute colitis, we hypothesized that receptor-mediated ErbB4 signaling may be an anti-inflammatory mechanism to limit Mø numbers during inflammation. METHODS: Mice (C57Bl6) were given 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water for 4 days (injury phase) followed by 3 days without DSS (recovery phase); colonic Mø populations were characterized by flow cytometry. Murine bone marrow-derived Mø (BM-Mø) were generated for in vitro activation and survival studies. RESULTS: DSS induced colonic recruitment of F480+/CD11b+/Ly6C+/ErbB4+ cells in injury and recovery phase mice compared to controls. In vitro, classical activation (IFNγ/LPS) of BM-Mø, but not alternative activation (IL-4), induced ErbB4 expression 10-fold (*p<0.01). Treatment of these cells with neuregulin-4 (100 ng/ml) reduced activated BM-Mø numbers by 40% (*p<0.05) after 48 hours, an effect blocked by ErbB4 neutralizing antibody (2 μg/ml). CONCLUSION Colitis induces recruitment of ErbB4+ Mø. ErbB4 signaling is a possible inhibitory feedback mechanism restricting Mø numbers, and thus represents a potential therapeutic target to regulate inflammation in IBD.
Role of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in protection from lethal irradiation and in endocrine responses to IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor. (1992)

Primary responsibility for the induction of various acute phase reactions has been ascribed to interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or IL-6, suggesting that these cytokines may have many overlapping activities. Thus, it is difficult to identify the cytokine primarily responsible for a particular biologic effect, since IL-1 and TNF stimulate one another, and both IL-1 and TNF stimulate IL-6. In this work, the contribution of IL-6 in radioprotection, induction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and induction of hypoglycemia was assessed by blocking IL-6 activity. Administration of anti-IL-6 antibody to otherwise untreated mice greatly enhanced the incidence of radiation-induced mortality, indicating that like IL-1 and TNF, IL-6 also contributes to innate resistance to radiation. Anti-IL-6 antibody given to IL-1-treated or TNF-treated mice reduced survival from lethal irradiation, demonstrating that IL-6 is also an important mediator of both IL-1- and TNF-induced hemopoietic recovery. A similar IL-1/IL-6 interaction was observed in the case of ACTH induction. Anti-IL-6 antibody blocked the IL-1-induced increase in plasma ACTH, whereas recombinant IL-6 by itself did not induce such an increase. Anti-IL-6 antibody also mitigated TNF-induced hypoglycemia, but did not reverse IL-1-induced hypoglycemia. It is, therefore, likely that TNF and IL-1 differ in their mode of induction of hypoglycemia. Our results suggest that an interaction of IL-6 with IL-1 and TNF is a prerequisite for protection from radiation lethality, and its interaction with IL-1 for induction of ACTH.
The palatability of five colonic lavage solutions (1996)

Four of the five commercially available products studied received similar taste scores. However, in the direct comparison phase of the study, a majority of subjects expressed a preference for a flavoured lavage solution. On the other hand, about one in five subjects expressed a dislike for the available flavoured solutions and preferred an unflavoured one.
Clinical, pathological, and neurochemical changes in dementia: A subgroup with preserved mental status and numerous neocortical plaques (1988)

Postmortem examination was performed on 137 residents (average age 85.5 years) of a skilled nursing facility whose mental status, memory, and functional status had been evaluated during life. Seventy-eight percent were demented using conservative criteria; 55% had characteristic Alzheimer's disease. Choline acetyltransferase and somatostatin were significantly reduced in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease as compared with age-matched nursing home control subjects, although the degree of the reduction was less severe than found in subjects less than 80 years of age. Ten subjects whose functional and cognitive performance was in the upper quintile of the nursing home residents, as good as or better than the performance of the upper quintile of residents without brain pathology (control subjects), showed the pathological features of mild Alzheimer's disease, with many neocortical plaques. Plaque counts were 80% of those of demented patients with Alzheimer's disease. Choline acetyltransferase and somatostatin levels were intermediate between controls and demented patients with Alzheimer's disease. The unexpected findings in these subjects were higher brain weights and greater number of neurons (greater than 90 micron 2 in a cross-sectional area in cerebral cortex) as compared to age-matched nursing home control subjects. These people may have had incipient Alzheimer's disease but escaped loss of large neurons, or alternatively, started with larger brains and more large neurons and thus might be said to have had a greater reserve.
Identification of a gene encoding a thioredoxin-like product necessary for cytochrome c biosynthesis and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Rhizobium leguminosarum (1994)

A Tn5-induced mutant of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae could not form nitrogen-fixing nodules on pea or vetch because of a lesion in electron transport to oxygen. The mutant lacked spectroscopically detectable cytochromes c and aa3. No proteins containing c-type cytochrome could be identified in the mutant by heme staining of proteins fractionated on polyacrylamide gels, indicating that the mutant was defective in maturation of all c-type cytochromes. The Tn5 mutation was determined to be located in a gene that was called cycY. The cycY gene product is homologous to the thioredoxin-like protein HelX involved in the assembly of c-type cytochromes in Rhodobacter capsulatus and to an open reading frame from a Bradyrhizobium japonicum gene cluster containing other genes involved in cytochrome c biogenesis. Our observations are consistent with CycY functioning as a thioredoxin that reduces cysteine residues in apocytochromes c before heme attachment.
TouchLogger: inferring keystrokes on touch screen from smartphone motion (2011)

Attacks that use side channels, such as sound and electromagnetic emanation, to infer keystrokes on physical keyboards are ineffective on smartphones without physical keyboards. We describe a new side channel, motion, on touch screen smartphones with only soft keyboards. Since typing on different locations on the screen causes different vibrations, motion data can be used to infer the keys being typed. To demonstrate this attack, we developed TouchLogger, an Android application that extracts features from device orientation data to infer keystrokes. TouchLogger correctly inferred more than 70 % of the keys typed on a number-only soft keyboard on a smartphone. We hope to raise the awareness of motion as a significant side channel that may leak confidential data. 1
Palladium-catalyzed coupling of arylstannanes with organic sulfonates: a comprehensive study (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed coupling of arylstannanes with organic sulfonates: a comprehensive studyVittorio Farina, Bala Krishnan, Daniel R. Marshall, and Gregory P. RothCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 20, 5434–5444Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00072a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00072a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1888Altmetric-Citations241LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dual role of TNF-α in NK / LAK cell-mediated lysis of chronically HIV-infected U1 cells. Concomitant enhancement of HIV expression and sensitization of cell-mediated lysis (1999)

The U937-derived chronically HIV-infected U1 cell line and uninfected U937 cell clones were efficiently lysed by both unstimulated (NK) and IL-2-stimulated (lymphokine-activated killer; LAK) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy HIV-seronegative donors. Pretreatment of target cells with IFN-gamma down-modulated killing of both U1 cells and two U937 cell clones, and up-regulated MHC class I expression. In contrast, TNF-alpha enhanced the sensitivity of infected U1 cells, but not of U937 cell clones to NK / LAK cell lysis. Co-cultivation of IL-2-stimulated PBMC with U1 cells triggered expression and replication of HIV by cell-cell contact, and this effect was inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha antibodies (Ab); virus production was partially inhibited by zidovudine. Of interest, anti-TNF-alpha Ab protected U1 cells from LAK cell activity. Thus, TNF-alpha can induce HIV expression from chronically infected U1 cells, but also plays an important role in sensitizing these cells to lysis.
The NS5A/NS5 Proteins of Viruses from Three Genera of the Family Flaviviridae Are Phosphorylated by Associated Serine/Threonine Kinases (1998)

Phosphorylation of the expressed NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Hepacivirus genus of the family Flaviviridae, has been demonstrated in mammalian cells and in a cell-free assay by an associated kinase activity. In this report, phosphorylation is also shown for the NS5A and NS5 proteins, respectively, of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and yellow fever virus (YF), members of the other two established genera in this family. Phosphorylation of BVDV NS5A and YF NS5 was observed in infected cells, transient expression experiments, and a cell-free assay similar to the one developed for HCV NS5A. Phosphoamino acid analyses indicated that all three proteins were phosphorylated by serine/threonine kinases. Similarities in the properties of BVDV NS5A, YF NS5, and HCV NS5A phosphorylation in vitro further suggested that closely related kinases or the same kinase may phosphorylate these viral proteins. Conservation of this trait among three quite distantly related viruses representing three separate genera suggests that phosphorylation of the NS5A/NS5 proteins or their association with cellular kinases may play an important role in the flavivirus life cycle.
Changes in vaginal microbiota following antimicrobial and probiotic therapy (2015)

The ability to restore homeostasis provides a rationale for conjoint use of probiotics with antibiotic treatment of BV.
Retrieval effectiveness by semantic and citation searching (1989)

A pilot study on the relative retrieval effectiveness of semantic relevance (by terms) and pragmatic relevance (by citations) is reported. A single database has been constructed to provide access by both descriptors and cited references. For each question from a set of queries, two equivalent sets were retrieved. All retrieved items were evaluated by subject experts for relevance to their originating queries. We conclude that there are essentially two types of relevance at work resulting in two different sets of documents. Using both search methods to create a union set is likely to increase recall. Those few retrieved by the intersection of the two methods tend to result in higher precision. Suggestions are made to develop a front-end system to display the overlapping items for higher precision and to manipulate and rank the union sets retrieved by the two search modes for improved output. © 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Temperature-Sensitive Mutants of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: In-Vivo Studies in Hamsters (1970)

Respiratory syncytial (RS) virus is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia during infancy and early childhood [1]. For this reason a high priority has been given to the development of a vaccine that could be used to prevent the considerable morbidity and mortality caused by the virus. Initial attempts were directed toward the development of an inactivated, parenterally administered vaccine. Unfortunately, a vaccine of this type, which stimulated high levels of serum neutralizing antibody, did not provide protection against naturally occurring infection [2]. In fact, when infected with RS virus, the vaccinees developed more serious illness than their unvaccinated cohorts [2]. As a result of these experiments, attention has shifted toward the development of viral strains that could be used in a live attenuated vaccine
Modelling and implementation of MRAC controller for nine level QZS inverter (2020)

The Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) is implemented for the model of nine- level Cascaded H Bridge (CHB) asymmetrical Quasi Z Source Inverter (QZSI). The proposed MRAC controller forces the output current to be sinusoidal. The advantages of using MRAC over conventional proportional-integral control are its flexibility, adaptability, and robustness; moreover, MRAC can self-tune the controller gains to assure system stability. Since the QZSI is a non linear system, it is hard to design the controller. MRAC is simple and predict the future values of output variables using a dynamic model of the process comparing conventional PI controller. In this work, the performance of MRAC is compared with conventional PI controller based on the settling time and harmonic distortion. The simulation results clearly showed that the MRAC can lead to reduction in the settling time and harmonic distortion of the obtained output for the system. In addition to this the cascaded nine level QZSI with asymmetrical input voltage in the ratio of 1:3, whose performance is analyzed to provide a boosted output voltage and due to the asymmetrical input configuration the output voltage can be obtained with more voltage levels with lesser number of component thus lead to better output voltage quality with the reduction in filter size .The simulation results are validated with the experimental results to analyse the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy
In Vitro and in Vivo Consequences of VLA-2 Expression on Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells (1991)

Cloned integrin alpha 2 subunit complementary DNA was expressed on human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells to give a functional VLA-2 (alpha 2 beta 1) adhesion receptor. The VLA-2-positive RDA2 cells not only showed increased adhesion to collagen and laminin in vitro, but also formed substantially more metastatic tumor colonies in nude mice after either intravenous or subcutaneous injection. These results show that a specific adhesion receptor (VLA-2) can markedly enhance both experimental and spontaneous metastasis. In contrast to the metastasis results, there was no difference in either the in vitro growth rate or apparent in vivo tumorigenicity of RD and RDA2 cells.
Gene Expression Signatures for Predicting Prognosis of Squamous Cell and Adenocarcinomas of the Lung (2006)

Non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) compose 80% of all lung carcinomas with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and adenocarcinoma representing the majority of these tumors. Although patients with early-stage NSCLC typically have a better outcome, 35% to 50% will relapse within 5 years after surgical treatment. We have profiled primary squamous cell lung carcinomas from 129 patients using Affymetrix U133A gene chips. Unsupervised analysis revealed two clusters of SCC that had no correlation with tumor stage but had significantly different overall patient survival (P = 0.036). The high-risk cluster was most significantly associated with down-regulation of epidermal development genes. Cox proportional hazard models identified an optimal set of 50 prognostic mRNA transcripts using a 5-fold cross-validation procedure. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays were used to validate individual gene candidates. This signature was tested in an independent set of 36 SCC samples and achieved 84% specificity and 41% sensitivity with an overall predictive accuracy of 68%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed clear stratification of high-risk and low-risk patients [log-rank P = 0.04; hazard ratio (HR), 2.66; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.01-7.05]. Finally, we combined the SCC classifier with our previously identified adenocarcinoma prognostic signature and showed that the combined classifier had a predictive accuracy of 71% in 72 NSCLC samples also showing significant differences in overall survival (log-rank P = 0.0002; HR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.74-7.19). This prognostic signature could be used to identify patients with early-stage high-risk NSCLC who might benefit from adjuvant therapy following surgery.
Granulysin: a novel antimicrobial (2001)

Granulysin is a novel lytic molecule produced by human cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. It is active against a broad range of microbes, including Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, parasites and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is functionally related to other antibacterial peptides, like defensins and magainins, but is structurally distinct. It has structural similarity to porcine NK-lysin and to amoebapores made by Entamoeba histolytica. Synthetic peptides derived from granulysin have differential activity against eukaryotic cells and bacteria. Selective bactericidal peptides may have therapeutic roles as novel antibiotics.
Analogues of clofibrate and clobuzarit containing fluorine in the side chains (1984)

Synthese de derives d'acides (aryloxy-2 trifluoromethyl-2) et (aryloxy-2 trifluoro-3,3,3 trifluoromethyl) propioniques