gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuropilin-1 regulates platelet-derived growth factor receptor signalling in mesenchymal stem cells (2010)

Using human MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) lacking VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) receptors, we show that the pro-angiogenic receptor neuropilin-1 associates with phosphorylated PDGFRs [PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptors], thereby regulating cell signalling, migration, proliferation and network assembly. Neuropilin-1 co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized with phosphorylated PDGFRs in the presence of growth factors. Neuropilin-1 knockdown blocked PDGF-AA-induced PDGFRalpha phosphorylation and migration, reduced PDGF-BB-induced PDGFRbeta activation and migration, blocked VEGF-A activation of both PDGFRs, and attenuated proliferation. Neuropilin-1 prominently co-localized with both PDGFRs within MSC networks assembled in Matrigel and in the chorioallantoic membrane vasculature microenvironment, and its knockdown grossly disrupted network assembly and decreased PDGFR signalling. Thus neuropilin-1 regulates MSCs by forming ligand-specific receptor complexes that direct PDGFR signalling, especially the PDGFRalpha homodimer. This receptor cross-talk may control the mobilization of MSCs in neovascularization and tissue remodelling.
Two-Way Conversion between Hard and Soft Properties of Semicrystalline Cross-Linked Polymer (2008)

A semicrystalline cross-linked polymer exhibiting two-way conversion between totally different mechanical properties was obtained. Furyl-telechelic poly(1,4-butylene succinate-co-1,3-propylene succinate) prepolymer (PBPSF2) was prepared and polymerized with tris-maleimide linker (M3) by the Diels−Alder (DA) reaction in the bulk state. The DA reactions with M3 above and below the melting temperature of PBPSF2 gave network polymers with relatively soft and hard properties, respectively, though the degrees of crystallinity of them were very similar. The large difference in mechanical properties was attributed to the difference in size of crystallites. By combining the two dynamic processes of melt−recrystallization and depolymerization−repolymerization, we can freely convert the PBPSF2 + M3 system back and forth between hard and soft materials.
Randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of combined Salmonella typhi Ty21a and Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR live oral vaccines (1996)

Healthy adults (n=330) were randomized to receive either a bivalent vaccine composed of Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR and Salmonella typhi Ty21a or a placebo. The combined vaccine was well tolerated. Approximately 80% of vaccines manifested a significant rise in anti-S. typhi immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin A lipopolysaccharide antibody levels. Significant (fourfold or greater) rises in anti-Inaba or anti-Ogawa vibriocidal antibody titer were achieved by 94 and 80% of vaccine recipients, respectively. Elevated baseline vibriocidal antibody titers showed a modest suppressive effect on the rate of seroconversion.
Pyrylogens: Synthesis, Structural, Electrochemical, and Photophysical Characterization of a New Class of Electron Transfer Sensitizers (2008)

The synthesis and photophysical properties of a new series of dicationic electron transfer sensitizers have been reported. These new materials, pyrylogens, are hybrids of pyrylium cations and Viologen dications. Electron transfer reactions of neutral organic substrates using these new sensitizers generate radical-cation/radical-cation pairs whose repulsive (repellent) interaction is designed to compete with energy wasting return electron transfer (RET) by enhancing diffusive separation and formation of solvent separated ions.
Age and acute myeloid leukemia (2006)

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 968 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on 5 recent Southwest Oncology Group trials to understand how the nature of AML changes with age. Older study patients with AML presented with poorer performance status, lower white blood cell counts, and a lower percentage of marrow blasts. Multidrug resistance was found in 33% of AMLs in patients younger than age 56 compared with 57% in patients older than 75. The percentage of patients with favorable cytogenetics dropped from 17% in those younger than age 56 to 4% in those older than 75. In contrast, the proportion of patients with unfavorable cytogenetics increased from 35% in those younger than age 56 to 51% in patients older than 75. Particularly striking were the increases in abnormalities of chromosomes 5, 7, and 17 among the elderly. The increased incidence of unfavorable cytogenetics contributed to their poorer outcome, and, within each cytogenetic risk group, treatment outcome deteriorated markedly with age. Finally, the combination of a poor performance status and advanced age identified a group of patients with a very high likelihood of dying within 30 days of initiating induction therapy. The distinct biology and clinical responses seen argue for age-specific assessments when evaluating therapies for AML.
Secretion of functional antibody and Fab fragment from yeast cells. (1988)

We have constructed yeast strains that secrete functional mouse-human chimeric antibody and its Fab fragment into the culture medium. For chimeric whole antibody, cDNA copies of the chimeric light-chain and heavy-chain genes of an anti-tumor antibody were inserted into vectors containing the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase promoter, invertase signal sequence, and phosphoglycerate kinase polyadenylylation signal. Simultaneous expression of these genes in yeast resulted in secretion of properly folded and assembled chimeric antibody that bound to target cancer cells. Yeast chimeric antibody exhibited antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity but not complement-dependent cytotoxicity activity. For production of Fab fragments, a truncated heavy-chain (Fd) gene was created by introducing a stop codon near the codon for the amino acid at which papain digestion occurs. Simultaneous expression of the resulting chimeric Fd and light-chain genes in yeast resulted in secretion of properly folded and assembled Fab fragment that bound to target cancer cells.
Phase-Amplitude Resetting of the Human Circadian Pacemaker via Bright Light: A Further Analysis (1994)

We present here an analysis of strong, weak, and critical bright-light resetting trials in humans, and report not only phase but also amplitude data for the first time. For this analysis, an appropriate iterative smoothing procedure for phase transition curves is introduced, in which the data are sequenced so as to minimize the perpendicular distance from the data to the smoothed fit. From these smoothed data, we create polar phase-amplitude resetting maps (PARMs) in order to fully illustrate the effects of the resetting stimuli on both circadian amplitude and phase, and thereby to determine whether these resetting results can be described by a phase-only model or whether a phase-amplitude model is required. Our results indicate that a single 5-hr episode of bright light induces weak type 1 resetting of the human circadian pacemaker. Two cycles of exposure to the same stimulus on consecutive days induce critical resetting, in which significant amplitude reduction may be observed. A three-cycle stimulus induces strong type 0 resetting with different effects on circadian amplitude, depending on the initial phase of the stimulus application. When a three-cycle stimulus is centered near the nadir of the temperature cycle, large phase shifts are achieved via amplitude suppression. However, when this stimulus is centered away from the temperature nadir, smaller phase shifts are achieved in which both small increases and small decreases in circadian amplitude are observed. These data indicate that the human circadian pacemaker is not a simple, phase-only oscillator. Instead, a full description of human circadian resetting responses to light requires analysis of both phase and amplitude data--a finding that is consistent with a phase-amplitude model of the circadian resetting mechanism.
Severe Covid-19 (2020)

Key Clinical Points Evaluation and Management of Severe Covid-19 Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) may become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome that typ...
Overview of Screen Content Video Coding: Technologies, Standards, and Beyond (2016)

This paper presents recent advances in screen content video coding, with an emphasis on two state-of-the-art standards: HEVC/H.265 Screen Content Coding Extensions (HEVC-SCC) by ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group and ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group, and Display Stream Compression (DSC) by Video Electronics Standards Association. The HEVC-SCC enhances the capabilities of HEVC in coding screen content, while DSC provides lightweight compression for display links. Although targeting different application domains, they share some design principles and are expected to become the leading formats in the marketplace in the coming years. This paper provides a brief account of their background, key elements, performance, and complexity characteristics, according to their final specifications. As we survey these standards, we also summarize prior arts in the last decade and explore future research opportunities and standards developments in order to give a comprehensive overview of this field.
Amplified DNA Detection by Electrogenerated Biochemiluminescence and by the Catalyzed Precipitation of an Insoluble Product on Electrodes in the Presence of the Doxorubicin Intercalator (2002)

Making light work for DNA detection: Amplified DNA detection is accomplished by doxorubicin intercalated into double-stranded DNA assembled on Au-electrodes. Stimulated electrogenerated biochemiluminescence or biocatalyzed precipitation of an insoluble product amplify the DNA sensing that is being transduced by light emission (see picture; HRP=horseradish peroxidase) or Faradaic impedance spectroscopy, respectively.
Differential expression of chemokines in inflammatory myopathies (2002)

Chemokines are differentially expressed in the symptomatic stage of inflammatory myopathies. MCP-1 plays a major role in the myocytotoxicity in polymyositis and inclusion body myositis. MCP-1 may be induced by membranolytic attack complex binding to endothelial cells in dermatomyositis.
Design of nanostructures for photoelectric conversion using an organic vertical superlattice (2006)

The intentional design to the 2.5nm scale based on a concept for the design of nanoscopic structures via film thickness control was demonstrated. We fabricated sandwich-type cells incorporating organic vertical superlattices by using a microtome and proved that structural design below the 10nm scale is necessary in order to realize solid-state organic solar cells. The present technique can be applied to the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices with designed nanostructures that are composed of any kind of material.
Hiding memory latency using fixed priority scheduling (2014)

Modern embedded platforms contain a variety of physical resources, such as caches, interconnects, main memory, etc., which the processor must access during the execution of a task. We argue that processor task execution and accesses to physical resources should be co-scheduled in real-time systems to predictably hide resource access latency. In particular, in this work we focus on co-scheduling task execution and accesses to main memory to hide DRAM access latency. Since modern systems implement DMA controllers that can be operated independently of processor execution, this allows us to hide memory transfer latency by scheduling DMA transfer in parallel with processor execution. The main contribution of this paper is a dynamic scheduling algorithm for a set of sporadic real-time tasks that efficiently co-schedules processor and DMA execution to hide memory transfer latency. The proposed algorithm can be applied to either uniprocessor or partitioned multiprocessor systems. We demonstrate that we improve processor utilization significantly compared to existing scratchpad and cache management systems.
Prior aerosol infection with lineage A SARS-CoV-2 variant protects hamsters from disease, but not reinfection with B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant (2021)

The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs). It is currently unclear whether the previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 provides protection against reinfection with VOCs. Here, we show that low dose aerosol exposure to hCoV-19/human/USA/WA-CDC-WA1/2020 (WA1, lineage A), resulted in a productive mild infection. In contrast, a low dose of SARS-CoV-2 via fomites did not result in productive infection in the majority of exposed hamsters and these animals remained non-seroconverted. After recovery, hamsters were re-exposed to hCoV-19/South African/KRISP-K005325/2020 (VOC B.1.351) via an intranasal challenge. Seroconverted rechallenged animals did not lose weight and shed virus for three days. They had a little infectious virus and no pathology in the lungs. In contrast, shedding, weight loss and extensive pulmonary pathology caused by B.1.351 replication were observed in the non-seroconverted animals. The rechallenged seroconverted animals did not transmit the virus to naïve sentinels via direct contact transmission, in contrast to the non-seroconverted animals. Reinfection with B.1.351 triggered an anamnestic response that boosted not only neutralizing titres against lineage A, but also titres against B.1.351. Our results confirm that aerosol exposure is a more efficient infection route than fomite exposure. Furthermore, initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 lineage A does not prevent heterologous reinfection with B.1.351 but prevents disease and onward transmission. These data suggest that previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure induces partial protective immunity. The reinfection generated a broadly neutralizing humoral response capable of effectively neutralizing B.1.351 while maintaining its ability to neutralize the virus to which the initial response was directed against.
Diagnostic Accuracy of α1-Acid Glycoprotein Fucosylation for Liver Cirrhosis in Patients Undergoing Hepatic Biopsy (2002)

AGP fucosylation appears to be useful in identifying patients with liver cirrhosis among patients investigated for liver disease. The lectin immunoassay showed satisfactory reproducibility and is suitable for routine use in a clinical laboratory.
Oxygen-regulated control elements in the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A genes: similarities with the erythropoietin 3' enhancer. (1994)

Production of the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (Epo) in response to hypoxic stimuli is almost entirely restricted to particular cells within liver and kidney, yet the transcriptional enhancer lying 3' to the Epo gene shows activity inducible by hypoxia after transfection into a wide variety of cultured cells. The implication of this finding is that many cells which do not produce Epo contain a similar, if not identical, oxygen-regulated control system, suggesting that the same system is involved in the regulation of other genes. We report that the human phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and mouse lactate dehydrogenase A genes are induced by hypoxia with characteristics which resemble induction of the Epo gene. In each case expression is induced by cobalt, but not by cyanide, and hypoxic induction is blocked by the protein-synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. We show that the relevant cis-acting control sequences are located in the 5' flanking regions of the two genes, and we define an 18-bp element in the 5' flanking sequence of the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 gene which is both necessary and sufficient for the hypoxic response, and which has sequence and protein-binding similarities to the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 binding site within the Epo 3' enhancer.
A mass assignment based ID3 algorithm for decision tree induction (1997)

A mass assignment based ID3 algorithm for learning probabilistic fuzzy decision trees is introduced. Fuzzy partitions are used to discretize continuous feature universes and to reduce complexity when universes are discrete but with large cardinalities. Furthermore, the fuzzy partitioning of classification universes facilitates the use of these decision trees in function approximation problems. Generally the incorporation of fuzzy sets into this paradigm overcomes many of the problems associated with the application of decision trees to real-world problems. The probabilities required for the trees are calculated according to mass assignment theory applied to fuzzy labels. The latter concept is introduced to overcome computational complexity problems associated with higher dimensional mass assignment evaluations on databases. ©1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A COMPARISON OF STANDARD AND RAPID INFUSION METHODS OF LIVER PRESERVATION DURING MULTI‐ORGAN PROCUREMENT (1991)

The standard and rapid infusion techniques of liver preservation during multi-organ procurement were compared in the porcine model of orthotopic liver transplantation. Group I (n = 48) had the standard method of procurement while group II (n = 34) underwent the rapid infusion method. Donor liver function was compared between the two methods using the criteria of survival, liver function tests and histology. No statistically significant difference was evident between the two groups. Because of logistical advantages, the rapid infusion method is recommended as the technique of choice during multi-organ procurement.
Reaktionen mit Halogenwasserstoffaddukten der Nitrile, IV Zur Struktur von 6‐Chlor‐pyridonen‐(2) (1970)

Abstract Die Struktur von 6‐Chlor‐pyridonen‐(2) wird mit Hilfe von Molekular‐gewichtsbestimmungen, IR‐, NMR‐ und UV‐Spektren untersucht. Konzentrierte Lösungen der Pyridone in Chloroform enthalten vorwiegend Dimere. IR‐Spektren zeigen im kristallinen Zustand die Lactamstruktur an. Monomere 6‐Chlor‐pyridone‐(2) stehen mit 6‐Chlor‐2‐hydroxy‐pyridinen im Gleichgewicht. Die Lage des Gleichgewichts ist stark lösungsmittelabhängig.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2 Exhibit Comparable Sensitivities to Zidovudine and Other Nucleoside Analog Inhibitors In Vitro (2007)

Using an indicator cell assay that directly quantifies viral replication, we show that human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively) exhibit similar sensitivities to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) as well as other nucleoside analog inhibitors of reverse transcriptase. These data support the use of nucleoside analogs for antiviral therapy of HIV-2 infection.
Neurally mediated hypotension and chronic fatigue syndrome (1998)

A substantial body of clinical evidence now supports an association between various forms of hypotension and both idiopathic chronic fatigue and the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Patients with CFS have a high prevalence of neurally mediated hypotension, and open treatment of this autonomic dysfunction has been associated with improvements in CFS symptoms. Randomized trials are now in progress to evaluate the efficacy of treatments directed at neurally mediated hypotension in those with CFS patients, and the results of these trials should help guide more basic inquiries into the mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance in affected individuals.
GL3 Encodes a bHLH Protein That Regulates Trichome Development in Arabidopsis Through Interaction With GL1 and TTG1 (2000)

Arabidopsis trichome development and differentiation is a well-studied model for plant cell-fate determination and morphogenesis. Mutations in TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) result in several pleiotropic defects including an almost complete lack of trichomes. The complex phenotype caused by ttg1 mutations is suppressed by ectopic expression of the maize anthocyanin regulator R. Here it is demonstrated that the Arabidopsis trichome development locus GLABRA3 (GL3) encodes an R homolog. GL3 and GLABRA1 (GL1) interact when overexpressed together in plants. Yeast two-hybrid assays indicate that GL3 participates in physical interactions with GL1, TTG1, and itself, but that GL1 and TTG1 do not interact. These data suggest a reiterated combinatorial model for the differential regulation of such diverse developmental pathways as trichome cell-fate determination, root hair spacing, and anthocyanin secondary metabolism.
Long-Term Follow-Up After Autologous Fat Grafting: Analysis of Results from 116 Patients Followed at Least 12 Months After Receiving the Last of a Minimum of Two Treatments (2000)

Autologous fat grafting is most effective for relatively short-term improvement of facial aging changes in the nasolabial and oral commissures areas. It is less effective for lip augmentation and completely ineffective for the glabella area.
Cytokines in pulmonary disease: infection and inflammation. (2000)

Cytokines and Pulmonary Host Defenses Against Microbes, Galen B. Toews Cytokine Networks and Leukocyte Recruitment, Steven L. Kunkel, Stephen W. Chensue, Lisa Colletti, Theodore Standiford, Nicholas Lukacs, and Robert M. Strieter Cytokines and the Resolution of Lung Inflammation, Jason Kelley Transgenic Mice as Models of Cytokine Function in the Lung, David B. Lewis Cytokines in Cell-Mediated Immune Responses, Anthony O'Regan and David M. Center Cytokines and Pleural Disease, Veena B. Antony and Kamal Abdul Mohammed Cytokines and the Antibacterial Defenses of the Lung, Steve Nelson, Gregory J. Bagby, Carol M. Mason, and Warren R. Summer Cytokines in Legionella pneumophila Infections, David R. Park and Shawn J. Skerrett Tuberculosis, Peter F. Barnes Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Felix J. Sangari and Luiz E. Bermudez Cytokines and Pulmonary Infection with Pneumocystis carinii, Judd E. Shellito and James M. Beck Rationale and Experimental Support for Cytokine Therapy of Fungal Pneumonias, Jeffrey L. Curtis and Galen B. Toews Role of Viruses in Cytokine Induction from Lung Cells, Lois J. Geist and Gary W. Hunninghake Cytokines in Cystic Fibrosis, Robert W. Wilmott HIV-1, Cytokines, and the Lung, Thomas L. Benfield, Henry Masur, and Jens D. Lundgren Cytokines in Pulmonary Transplantation, Si M. Pham, Surindra N. Mitruka, and Sen Li Extrapulmonary Sepsis and Cytokines in Lung Injury and Defense, Thomas R. Martin, Gustavo Matute-Bello, Shawn J. Skerrett, and Charles W. Frevert Gene Therapy, Cytokines, and Host Defense, Jay K. Kolls, Elizabeth R. Rhoades, and Theodore J. Standiford Cytokines and Host Defense: A Clinician's View, Qanta A. A. Ahmed and Michael S. Niederman
Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Disease (1995)

In multicellular organisms, homeostasis is maintained through a balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Although much is known about the control of cell proliferation, less is known about the control of cell death. Physiologic cell death occurs primarily through an evolutionarily conserved form of cell suicide termed apoptosis. The decision of a cell to undergo apoptosis can be influenced by a wide variety of regulatory stimuli. Recent evidence suggests that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.