gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunological treatment of ovarian cancer (2004)

There is little doubt that CA125 will undergo a renaissance as an important target antigen for development of novel immunological treatments, particularly with regard to cellular therapies. Identification of other novel ovarian tumor antigens will also accelerate research focused on stimulation of T-cell immunity. Current research trends suggest a paradigm shift in emphasis from vaccines designed to elicit antibody responses to strategies such as dendritic cell vaccination that are designed to induce broader immunity, including ovarian tumor antigen-specific helper T-lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses.
Managing Client-Server Environments: Tools and Strategies for Building Solutions (1996)

Network management has become more than just being able to make all the connections. The network manager must know how to handle all kinds of issues in the emerging client/server environments. McConnell presents a complete window into real-life network management, from traffic analysis through virtual LANS, covering net management systems from HP, Novell, Sun, IBM and DEC. The book shows how to use all the capabilities of tools that allow network managers to manage complex, multi-protocol systems, and covers intelligent agents that collect information and correct network problems. It also shows how to use instrumentation to restart systems locally or remotely and includes a special section on Virtual LANS.
Comparison of the ability of basement membranes produced by corneal endothelial and mouse-derived Endodermal PF-HR-9 cells to support the proliferation and differentiation of bovine kidney tubule epithelial cells in vitro. (1984)

The proliferation and morphological differentiation of bovine kidney collecting-tubule epithelial cells has been examined as a function of substrata and plasma factors. Collecting kidney tubule explant maintained in vitro gave rise to two distinct cell populations; one was composed mostly of fibroblastic cells whereas the other was epithelioid (EP cells). The proliferation of fibroblastic cells when exposed to serum-supplemented medium was best expressed when cells were maintained on a basement membrane produced by bovine corneal endothelial cells. This basement membrane has a composition, which in previous studies has been shown to favor the proliferation of mesenchymal cells. In contrast, the proliferation of EP cells was best expressed when cells were maintained on a basement membrane produced by the mouse-derived endodermal cell line PF-HR-9 (HR-9-BM). This basement membrane has a biochemical composition very similar to the basement membrane underlying the kidney tubules. Although the fibroblast confluent monolayer maintained on bovine corneal endothelial cell extracellular matrix did not undergo morphogenesis, the confluent monolayer of EP cells maintained on HR-9-BM shows hemicyst formation, suggesting that they were capable of vectorial fluid transport. They also built a complex three-dimensional kidney tubulelike network. Some tubules became grossly visible and floated into the tissue culture medium, remaining tethered to the cell monolayer at either end of the tubule. On an ultrastructural level, the tubules consisted of cells held together with junctional complexes arranged so as to form a lumen. The smallest lumen were bordered by 2-3 cells, and the largest ones by 8-15 cells. The lumens of the larger tubules did contain granular fibrillar and amorphous debris. Low-density EP cell cultures maintained on HR-9-BM could be induced to proliferate at a rate approaching that of cultures exposed to serum when they were exposed to medium supplemented with high-density lipoprotein (HDL, 750 micrograms protein/ml) and transferrin (50 micrograms/ml). When exposed to HDL concentrations equal or lower than 250 micrograms protein/ml, low-density cultures proliferated at a slow rate and readily formed tubulelike structures. This observation indicates that EP cells do not need to reach confluence to undergo morphogenesis, and that HDL, which in the presence of transferrin supports the cell proliferation, can favor their differentiation into tubulelike structures once its concentration becomes limiting for mitogenesis.
Software radio implementation of carrier offset estimation for OFDM communications (2002)

The main objective of this paper is to describe the implementation of a robust and computationally inexpensive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme on a fading channel. While channel-induced intersymbol interference can be eliminated by dividing the data stream into parallel bit sequences in OFDM communications, the loss of orthogonality due to the carrier frequency offset must be compensated before DFT-based demodulation can be performed. A new solution to the carrier offset estimation problem was developed without using reference symbols. The technique provides a high accuracy carrier estimate by taking advantage of the inherent orthogonality among OFDM subchannels. The authors show that this algorithm can be used to perform offset estimation and compensation in a practical system.
The Structure-Based Design of ATP-Site Directed Protein KinaseInhibitors (1999)

The protein kinase family represents both a huge opportunity and a challenge for drug development. The conservation of structural features within the ATP binding cleft initially led to the belief that specificity would be difficult to achieve. This dogma has now been clearly dispelled with the discovery and clinical testing of a group of first generation compounds, which are characterized by a high degree of selectivity towards a variety of oncology targets. The structural basis for selectivity and potency has now been clarified with the crystallization of a number of such targets in complex with inhibitors. The protein kinase inhibitor field is now ripe for the structure based exploitation of additional highly validated targets from a variety of therapeutic areas.
Efficiency of n-octyl-acetate, 2-heptanone and citronellal in repelling bees from basil (Ocimum sellowii - Labiatae) (2004)

The objective of this study was to test repellent substances for honey bees, Apis mellifera, for basil, Ocimum sellowii, and to study the most frequent insects in this crop as well as its behaviors. The frequency of honey bees did not decrease with the application of n.octyl.acetate, citronellal and 2.heptanone, used as repellents, in the concentrations 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% diluted in water. However, when the products (20%) were diluted in water (75%) and glycerine (5%) were effective in repelling those bees of the basil flowers for a period of 20 minutes. The flower lasted, on average, 30 h from the bud phase until the flower withered. The flowers number opened by inflorescence was, on average, 5.65 flowers, and the inflorescence presented, on average, 160 flowers-buds. The basil was visited mainly for the honey bee (98.0%), followed by Augochloropsis electra bee - Halictidae (2.0%) and visits sporadics of Diptera and Lepidoptera, collected only nectar. The honey bee frequency increased during the day to 14:00, decreasing soon after, accompanying the curve of the temperature sets registered in the experiment days.
A novel high-efficiency inverter for stand-alone and grid-connected systems (2008)

This study presents a newly designed inverter circuit for photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems. A controllable current source supplies the filter capacitors and loads with high frequency switching to integrate the output sine wave voltage. Since the resonant inductor and the filter capacitor are connected in parallel, the series diodes of the full-bridge switches can be omitted. Furthermore, a coupled-inductor with a low volume is utilized to reduce the circulating energy and clamped the voltage stress of the devices, regardless of whether operation is in continuous conduction mode. The experimental waveforms are provided to demonstrate the soft-switching properties of all the devices. Additionally, a normal rated power with 110V-1kW-60Hz, which can be operated at stand-alone and grid-connected modes, is provided to show the effectiveness of the output voltage with low distortion, fast dynamic regulating speed and insensitivity to load variation, even under nonlinear loads. Experimental results that the maximum power inverter efficiency exceeds 97%, and the total harmonic distortion for various load conditions falls within 2%.
Under the Influence of Modern Western Culture a Strong Trend in Chinese Landscape Design (2014)

After the classical end of colonialism and its overall value, using their knowledge of Western powers in the Third World discourse plays a dominant role. China's current landscape design is the product of a strong culture and weak culture in the context of unequal power differentials dialogue. In a period of cultural globalization denied the essential characteristics of the national culture and cultural identity, the Chinese landscape design should promote national culture, which is China's real development of modern landscape orientation.
Spatially Controlled Fabrication of Nanoporous Block Copolymers (2004)

A light-driven process for fabrication of spatially controlled nanoporous polymer films was demonstrated with a new diblock copolymer/small molecule additive system. Poly(α-methylstyrene-b-4-hydroxystyrene) was designed and synthesized with one block functioning as a high-resolution negative-tone photoresist and the second block being selectively removable. With a straightforward spin-coating process, a perpendicular cylindrical orientation of the removable block α-methylstyrene microdomain was induced over a wide range of film thicknesses on different substrates. Uniform nanometer-sized pores in submicron-sized photopatterns can be generated by merger of “top down” photolithographic imaging with a subsequent selective removal of a “bottom up” self-assembled nanostructure.
Benefits of statin treatment in cardiac syndrome-X (2003)

Statin therapy resulted in beneficial effects on both exercise induced ischaemia and FMD in cardiac syndrome-X. The mechanism of this beneficial effect is probably the result of improvement in endothelial functions.
Thermally stimulated currents in molecularly doped polymers (1997)

Thermally stimulated currents (TSC) were measured in molecularly doped polymers consisting of the hole transport molecule p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde diphenyihydrazone (DEH) and the polymer binder bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) at two different doping concentrations. The TSC spectrum, which consisted of a single, well resolved peak, was found to be dependent on the applied electric field, the heating rate and the dopant concentration. The peak maxima were located between 170K and 250K. The spectra were analyzed within the theoretical framework of Zielinski and Samoc which provided a procedure to extract the hopping activation energy for each concentration. The principle observations of this study are: (1) the TSC peak is unambiguously associated with charge transport, (2) the magnitude of the activation energies were found to be larger than values obtained from isothermal transient photocurrent measurements and (3) the activation energies obtained from analysis of the TSC spectra were found to be dependent on the doping concentration. This last observation is inconsistent with previous isothermal transient photocurrent measurements of doped polymer systems containing DEH.
Thoracoscopic Splanchnicectomy for Pain Control in Irresectable Pancreatic Cancer (2013)

Introduction : Severepain is a major problem in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of Thoracoscopic Splanchnicectomy (TS) on pain control in these patients suffering from unresectable pancreatic cancer. Methods:Between years 2000 to 2011, 20 patients suffering from unresectable pancreatic cancer underwent TS due to severe pain. They were studied in terms of age, sex, location of pancreas tumor, history of previous surgery, response to treatments for pain control (assessed with VAS scoring system) and complications of surgery. Results:M/F = 14/6 with a mean age of 63 years. The most common tumour site was at the pancreas head (in 8 patients). The most cause of unresectability was local expansion to critical adjacent elements (in 10 patients). Surgery was performed successfully in all patients. Post-operative complication included only pleural effusion on the left side which was cured by proper treatment. There were no post-op mortalities. 15 patients had acceptable levels of pain at the end of a six month follow-up period. ConclusionTS provides good pain control, little side effects and minimal invasiveness, the technique is recommended for pain control in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.
Detection of atmospheric haze on an extrasolar planet: the 0.55-1.05 μm transmission spectrum of HD 189733b with the Hubble Space Telescope (2008)

The nearby transiting planet HD 189733b was observed during three transits with the Advanced Camera for Surveys of the Hubble Space Telescope in spectroscopic mode. The resulting timeseries of 675 spectra covers the 550-1050 nm range, with a resolution element of 8 nm, at extremely high accuracy (signal-to-noise ratio up to 10 000 in 50-nm intervals in each individual spectrum). Using these data, we disentangle the effects of limb darkening, measurement systematics and spots on the surface of the host star, to calculate the wavelength dependence of the effective transit radius to an accuracy of 50 km. This constitutes the 'transmission spectrum' of the planetary atmosphere. It indicates at each wavelength at what height the planetary atmosphere becomes opaque to the grazing stellar light during the transit. In this wavelength range, strong features due to sodium, potassium and water are predicted by atmosphere models for a planet like HD 189733b, but they can be hidden by broad absorption from clouds or hazes higher up in the atmosphere.
Melatonin in humans. (1986)

This article summarizes the major milestones in melatonin's transition from being thought of as a skin-lightening factor in amphibians to a hormone in humans. It describes evidence, presented in detail by others at this conference, that melatonin may participate in sleep, behavioral and neuroendocrine rhythms, and in psychiatric disease states in humans.
A high-temporal resolution algorithm for quantifying organization during atrial fibrillation (1999)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been described as a "random" or "chaotic" rhythm. Evidence suggests that AF may have transient episodes of temporal and spatial organization. We introduce a new algorithm that quantifies AF organization by the mean-squared error (MSE) in the linear prediction between two cardiac electrograms. This algorithm calculates organization at a finer temporal resolution. (approximately 300 ms) than previously published algorithms. Using canine atrial epicardial mapping data, we verified that the MSE algorithm showed nonfibrillatory rhythms to be significantly more organized than fibrillatory rhythms (p < .00001). Further, we compared the sensitivity of MSE to that of two previously published algorithms by analyzing AF with simulated noise and AF manipulated with vagal stimulation or by adenosine administration to alter the character of the AF. MSE performed favorably in the presence of noise. While all three algorithms distinguished between low and high vagal AF, MSE was the most sensitive in its discrimination. Only MSE could distinguish baseline AF from AF with adenosine. We conclude that our algorithm can distinguish different levels of organization during AF with a greater temporal resolution and sensitivity than previously described algorithms. This algorithm could lead to new ways of analyzing and understanding AF as well as improved techniques in AF therapy.
Sulfolipids dramatically decrease phosphorus demand by picocyanobacteria in oligotrophic marine environments (2006)

There is growing evidence that dissolved phosphorus can regulate planktonic production in the oceans' subtropical gyres, yet there is little quantitative information about the biochemical fate of phosphorus in planktonic communities. We observed in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) that the synthesis of membrane lipids accounted for 18-28% of the phosphate (PO4(3-)) taken up by the total planktonic community. Paradoxically, Prochlorococcus, the cyanobacterium that dominates NPSG phytoplankton, primarily synthesizes sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), a lipid that contains sulfur and sugar instead of phosphate. In axenic cultures of Prochlorococcus, it was observed that <1% of the total PO4(3-) uptake was incorporated into membrane lipids. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of planktonic lipids in the NPSG confirmed that SQDG was the dominant membrane lipid. Furthermore, the analyses of SQDG synthesis genes from the Sargasso Sea environmental genome showed that the use of sulfolipids in subtropical gyres was confined primarily to picocyanobacteria; no sequences related to known heterotrophic bacterial SQDG lineages were found. This biochemical adaptation by Prochlorococcus must be a significant benefit to these organisms, which compete against phospholipid-rich heterotrophic bacteria for PO4(3-). Thus, evolution of this "sulfur-for-phosphorus" strategy set the stage for the success of picocyanobacteria in oligotrophic environments and may have been a major event in Earth's early history when the relative availability of sulfate and PO4(3-) were significantly different from today's ocean.
Activation Patterns of Purkinje Fibers During Long-Duration Ventricular Fibrillation in an Isolated Canine Heart Model (2007)

PFs are highly active throughout the first 10 minutes of VF. In addition to retrograde propagation from the working ventricular myocardium to PFs, antegrade propagation occurs from PFs to working ventricular myocardium, which suggests PFs are important in VF maintenance. Prior plunge needle recordings in dogs indicate activation propagates from the endocardium toward the epicardium after 1 minute of VF, which suggests that focal sites on the endocardium may represent foci and not breakthrough. If so, in addition to reentry, abnormal automaticity or triggered activity may also occur during VF.
Upregulation of expression from the FRDA genomic locus for the therapy of Friedreich ataxia (2002)

Expression studies with FRDA-EGFP fusion constructs will facilitate delineation of regulatory elements determining the tissue and developmental specificity of FRDA gene expression. These constructs should also facilitate screening for pharmacological compounds that can modulate the expression of the FRDA gene in a clinically relevant manner.
Antagonistic effects of a covalently dimerized insulin derivative on insulin receptors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (1990)

In the present study we describe the antagonistic effects of the covalently dimerized insulin derivative B29,B29'-suberoyl-insulin on insulin receptors in 3T3-L1 mouse cells. In differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the derivative fully inhibits binding of 125I-labeled insulin to its receptor with about the same affinity as unlabeled insulin. In contrast, the dimerized derivative only partially (approximately 20%) mimics insulin's effects on glucose transport and DNA synthesis in the absence of insulin. In the presence of insulin, the agent competitively inhibits insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis ([3H]thymidine incorporation into total DNA), glucose transport activity (2-deoxyglucose uptake rate), and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity. In rat adipocytes, in contrast, the dimerized derivative stimulates glucose transport (initial 3-O-methylglucose as well as 2-deoxyglucose uptake rates) to the same extent as insulin does, and it fails to inhibit the effect of insulin. The data indicate that the dimerized insulin derivative B29,B29'-suberoyl-insulin is an insulin receptor antagonist (partial agonist) which retains a moderate intrinsic activity. The effects of this agent reveal a striking difference in insulin receptor-mediated stimulation of glucose transport between 3T3-L1 fatty fibroblasts and the mature rat adipocyte.
A novel mutation of δ‐aminolaevulinate dehydratase in a healthy child with 12% erythrocyte enzyme activity (1999)

Cloning, expression and phenotype studies of the defective gene for delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) in a family with an asymptomatic girl who had ALAD deficiency were carried out. The proband was identified by neonatal ALAD screening, and had erythrocyte ALAD activity at 12% of the normal control. She was heterozygous for ALAD deficiency, which was inherited from her father. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned ALAD cDNA revealed C36 to G and T168 to C mutations on the same allele. The former mutation resulted in F12L substitution, whereas the latter was a silent mutation. All family members who had decreased ALAD activity had the same mutation. Expression of the mutant ALAD cDNA in Chinese hamster ovary cells produced an ALAD protein without significant enzyme activity. Additionally, the mutant ALAD cDNA which encodes F12L substitution produced an aberrant migration pattern in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. This finding probably reflects an abnormal folding of the F12L protein, since the mutation occurred in the alpha1 helix of the N-terminal arm of the enzyme, which is involved in the extensive quaternary interactions among the subunits. This is also the first report of ALAD gene mutation in an asymptomatic subject.
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta agent to the eastern woodchuck. (1984)

delta agent of human origin was inoculated into four woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV). The animals developed delta infections with serologic patterns similar to those previously observed in human and chimpanzee infections. delta antigen was detected transiently in serum and liver and was followed by seroconversion to anti-delta antibody. Analogous to the chimpanzee model of delta infection, serum and hepatocyte markers of WHV were suppressed in the woodchuck during acute delta infection. The suppression of WHV DNA in serum was evident only during the time of delta-antigen positivity, while the inhibition of other WHV markers was more protracted. The delta antigen in woodchuck sera circulated as an internal component of a particle similar in size to the human delta particle (36-nm diameter) and was encapsidated by the woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen; delta antigen from infected woodchuck and chimpanzee livers had similar biophysical properties. Histologic analysis showed that experimental delta infection is associated with a transient acute hepatitis in woodchucks and loss of hepatocytes carrying WHV antigens. The lesions differed from the conspicuous hepatitis associated with reappearance of WHV replication. Hepatitis B-like viruses, therefore, appear to provide the requisite helper functions for delta replication and the woodchuck represents a useful model for study of the virology and pathology of the delta agent.
Kumada−Corriu Reactions of Alkyl Halides with Alkynyl Nucleophiles (2004)

[reaction: see text] Pd(2)(dba)(3)-Ph(3)P-catalyzed Kumada-Corriu coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl bromides or iodides with an alkynyl nucleophile furnish C(sp)-C(sp)3 bond formation. Alkynyl nucleophiles can be alkynyllithiums or the corresponding Grignard reagents. The superior performance of Ph(3)P ligand over the trialkylphosphine ligands indicates that this cross-coupling reaction may be a reductive-elimination-controlled process.