gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pressure-sensitive mat for measuring contact pressure distributions of patients lying on hospital beds. (1990)

The authors describe a novel system for sensing and displaying the distribution of contact pressure caused by a patient's lying on a hospital bed. The system includes a flexible, pressure-sensitive mat, electronics to activate the mat, a small computer to process data, and a color video display. The present prototypes can sense pressure at 1,536 discrete locations in a rectangular grid of 24 x 64 nodes, each node representing an area of 4 cm2. The computer receives data from each node and displays the results as a false-color map, refreshable every 5 seconds. The pressure-sensitive mat itself includes two orthogonal arrays of ribbon-like conductors, composed of silver-coated nylon fabric, which are separated by insulating open-cell foam rubber. The system monitors the electrical capacitance between selected pairs of horizontal and vertical conductors on opposite sides of the foam. The crossing points form pressure-sensitive nodes. Increased contact pressure compresses the foam, thereby decreasing the distance between the conductors and increasing the capacitance. Node capacitance is determined by measuring the current through it from a voltage source. The outputs of the various nodes are scanned, normalized, and converted to pressures using the known compressive stress-strain relationship for the foam, and the data are then displayed as a false-color image of the pressure distribution.
A Hardware / Software Co-Design System sing Configurable Computing Technology (1998)

Virtual Computer Corporation has combined the latest reconfigurable component technology with a number of advanced software tools in one easy to use ‘system approach ’ to digital design. This Hardware Software CO-Design Development System contains all the components necessaiy for confgurable computing implementation in one integrated package. This paper will describe the features and use of this system.
Secreted and Transmembrane Wnt Inhibitors and Activators (2012)

Signaling by the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins plays important roles in embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Wnt signaling is modulated by a number of evolutionarily conserved inhibitors and activators. Wnt inhibitors belong to small protein families, including sFRP, Dkk, WIF, Wise/SOST, Cerberus, IGFBP, Shisa, Waif1, APCDD1, and Tiki1. Their common feature is to antagonize Wnt signaling by preventing ligand-receptor interactions or Wnt receptor maturation. Conversely, the Wnt activators, R-spondin and Norrin, promote Wnt signaling by binding to Wnt receptors or releasing a Wnt-inhibitory step. With few exceptions, these antagonists and agonists are not pure Wnt modulators, but also affect additional signaling pathways, such as TGF-β and FGF signaling. Here we discuss their interactions with Wnt ligands and Wnt receptors, their role in developmental processes, as well as their implication in disease.
Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Expression and Function by the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (2002)

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor containing an inducibly expressed HIF-1alpha subunit and a constititutively expressed HIF-1beta subunit. Under hypoxic conditions, the HIF-1alpha subunit accumulates due to a decrease in the rate of proteolytic degradation, and the resulting HIF-1alpha-HIF-1beta heterodimers undergo posttranslational modifications that promote transactivation. Recent studies suggest that amplified signaling through phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and its downstream target, mTOR, enhances HIF-1-dependent gene expression in certain cell types. In the present study, we have explored further the linkage between mTOR and HIF-1 in PC-3 prostate cancer cells treated with hypoxia or the hypoxia mimetic agent, CoCl(2). Pretreatment of PC-3 cells with the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, inhibited both the accumulation of HIF-1alpha and HIF-1-dependent transcription induced by hypoxia or CoCl(2). Transfection of these cells with wild-type mTOR enhanced HIF-1 activation by hypoxia or CoCl(2), while expression of a rapamycin-resistant mTOR mutant rendered both HIF-1alpha stabilization and HIF-1 transactivating function refractory to inhibition by rapamycin. Studies with GAL4-HIF-1alpha fusion proteins pinpointed the oxygen-dependent degradation domain as a critical target for the rapamycin-sensitive, mTOR-dependent signaling pathway leading to HIF-1alpha stabilization by CoCl(2). These studies position mTOR as an upstream activator of HIF-1 function in cancer cells and suggest that the antitumor activity of rapamycin is mediated, in part, through the inhibition of cellular responses to hypoxic stress.
Essential genes in the metB-malB region of Escherichia coli K-12 (1976)

We isolated 25 independent mutants that are deficient in essential genes located in the metB-malB region of the Escherichia coli chromosome. The mutations were mapped within this region by using several F' factors and were also classified into 11 cistrons by complementation testing. There is clustering of mutations in essential genes within the metB-malB region.
Interactive Simulations and advanced Visualization with Modelica (2009)

In this paper a Modelica library for interactive simulation and advanced visualization called Ex-ternalDevices is introduced and presented. Providing support for standard input devices like keyboard and joystick as well as for communication via UDP and shared memory, this library allows the user to interact with a running simulation and process the output data of the simulation in other processes capable of UDP connections. An advanced visualization system replaces the standard Dymola visualization and offers additional features like full-screen viewing, transparency and support for flexible bodies.
Influence of Aloe Vera Gel on Dermal Wound Healing Process in Rat (2008)

In this topical study the influence of Aloe Vera, on the wound healing process was investigated in 63 male rats with microscopic and cell count methods. On the day of surgery a round wound, of diameter 20 mm, was created on the back of rats necks under sterile conditions. The surgery day was determined as day zero (0). Then the rats were divided randomly into control and experimental groups 1 and 2. Animals in each group were sub-divided to three smaller groups, investigated every 4, 7, and 14 days. From day 0, wound surfaces were covered with gel once daily in experimental group 1 and twice daily, for 12 h interval, in experimental group 2. Each rat received 30 g of the gel. The wound surface and healing were assessed on days 4, 7, and 14, and then a sample from the wound was prepared and investigated microscopically. The results show that the number of neutrophil, macrophage, and fibroblast cells and the wound thickness in the control group were statistically different from the experimental groups. It was found that the wound diameter thickness in the experimental group was greatly lower due to twice administration of gel and the power of wound healing was more than other groups.
Adiponectin Is Functionally Active in Human Islets but Does Not Affect Insulin Secretory Function or β-Cell Lipoapoptosis (2005)

These data support a regulatory role of adiponectin in human islets; however, adiponectin does not seem to affect insulin secretion or basal/fatty acid-induced beta-cell apoptosis in humans.
Testing and fabrication of wire-bond electrical connections : (1972)

iJ/ , ty -initial and final contact angles that the wire makes with the bonding surface for a single-level wire bond, respectively, for a change in the ambient temperature.it
Using X-ray crystallography in drug discovery. (2002)

One of the most dramatic benefits of using crystallography in drug discovery has been the development of the structure-based drug design (SBDD) cycle: structure, analysis, synthesis, testing and back to structure. This review covers recent examples of SBDD to illustrate how this design cycle has evolved from its early implementation. The dimension of the cycle has increased to include the consideration of structures related to the target, optimization of global drug parameters and binding affinity. Other technologies, such as combinatorial chemistry and virtual screening, have been integrated into the design cycle. In addition, novel new ways of directly using the crystal have been developed.
CHEMISTRY OF THE NEOMYCINS. VI. STRUCTURE OF NEOBIOSAMINE B1 (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCHEMISTRY OF THE NEOMYCINS. VI. STRUCTURE OF NEOBIOSAMINE B1Kenneth L. Rinehart Jr., Alexander D. Argoudelis, Townley P. Culbertson, W. Scott Chilton, and Klaus StreiglerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 11, 2970–2971Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01496a077https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01496a077research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reducing memory interference in multicore systems via application-aware memory channel partitioning (2011)

Main memory is a major shared resource among cores in a multicore system. If the interference between different applications' memory requests is not controlled effectively, system performance can degrade significantly. Previous work aimed to mitigate the problem of interference between applications by changing the scheduling policy in the memory controller, i.e., by prioritizing memory requests from applications in a way that benefits system performance.
Dynamic and Interactive Mathematics Learning Environments: Opportunities and Challenges for Future Research (2013)

Received in revised form: Accepted: 04 May 2013 New networking and social interaction technologies offer new media for learning and teaching both inside and outside the classroom. How and what kind of learning may take place in these new media is the main focus of this paper. An integrative theoretical framework for investigating these questions is posed based on the Didactic Tetrahedron (Olive and Makar, 2009). This didactic tetrahedron proposes that the student, supported by the teacher, task and technology form a space within which new mathematical knowledge may emerge. Examples of these new media are presented, including single player and multi-player web-based gaming environments; dynamic, web-based, interactive data visualization tools; dynamic computer-based tools for developing number and early algebra concepts; multi-touch apps for the iPad and iPhone; a web-based tutorial that raises a red flag for how mathematically flawed and cognitively dangerous some of this new media can be; and a research-based manipulative for developing children’s fractional knowledge that offers researchers the “possibility to make visible, the thinking of the user.” (Zbeik, Heid, Blume and Dick, 2007)
Two-Dimensional Arrays from Polymer Spheres in Nanoscale Prepared by the Langmuir−Blodgett Method (1997)

Densely packed monolayers of latex particles with a diameter of 70 nm were obtained by means of the Langmuir−Blodgett method with a polymer colloid directly used as a subphase. Different kinds of spreading molecules were tested to transfer the latex particle monolayer. Cospreading molecule monolayers were proved to be the best choice. The pH value of the subphase was a key factor in controlling the interaction between the particles and the spreading molecule monolayers. The π−A isotherms were in good agreement with transmittance electron microscopy images, indicating that in the case of acidic condition, the interattraction force was strong enough to make polymer particles form a monolayer and to pull it onto the substrate.
A requirement for replication in activation of the ATR-dependent DNA damage checkpoint (2002)

Using the Xenopus egg extract system, we investigated the involvement of DNA replication in activation of the DNA damage checkpoint. We show here that DNA damage slows replication in a checkpoint-independent manner and is accompanied by replication-dependent recruitment of ATR and Rad1 to chromatin. We also find that the replication proteins RPA and Polalpha accumulate on chromatin following DNA damage. Finally, damage-induced Chk1 phosphorylation and checkpoint arrest are abrogated when replication is inhibited. These data indicate that replication is required for activation of the DNA damage checkpoint and suggest a unifying model for ATR activation by diverse lesions during S phase.
Kinetics and molecular weight evolution during controlled radical polymerization (2002)

Automatic, continuous online monitoring of polymerization reactions (ACOMP) was applied to the controlled radical polymerization (CRP) of butyl acrylate (BA) using N-tert-butyl-1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl nitroxide (SG1), to determine monomer conversion, evolution of molecular weight, reduced viscosity, and rate constants. The conversion is roughly first order, but depends only on the initial ratio of free SG1 to initiator; i.e., it is zeroeth order in initiator concentration. While it was found that the weight-average molecular weight Mw, and viscosity-average mass increase in approximately linear fashion with conversion, their values are finite at zero conversion. Although ACOMP involves no chromatographic separation columns, a useful measure of polydispersity evolution was found from combining Mw and viscosity-based masses. CRP is contrasted with monitoring results for conventional free-radical polymerization. Distinct light-scattering signatures are expected, and found experimentally, for the two cases. The CRP kinetic findings allowed the determination of the equilibrium constant between active and dormant species at 120 °C (Keq = 1.53 × 10−10 M), as well as the corresponding kinetic constant of deactivation (kdeact = 2.8 × 10+7 L · mol−1 · s−1) and activation (kact = 4.2 × 10−3 s−1). Cross-checks on the monitoring results were made with conventional Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), and kinetic behavior was also analyzed in the light of numerical integration software. Raw data for PBA CRP reaction #6 in Table 1 vs. detector time, which lags the reaction time by 800 s. Shown are viscosity, RI, UV and 90 degree light-scattering signals, together with the time at which stabilization, monomer flow, and polymerization began. The temperature curve is offset to the left 800 s with respect to the detector signals.
The directional sensitivity of the acoustic radiation force to particle diameter (2015)

When viscous corrections to the inviscid acoustic radiation force theory are implemented and applied to a standing wave field, the direction of the acoustic radiation force on particles varies from theory to theory. Specifically, some theories predict that the direction of the force depends on the particle diameter, while others reveal that the direction of the force is independent of particle diameter. The present study is an experimental investigation of the direction of the acoustic radiation force which suggests that particle diameter does affect the direction. Experiments were conducted in air using an ultrasonic standing wave field with a nominal frequency of 30 kHz. Smoke particles and fine water droplets having a range of diameters were flowed into the region of a standing wave field. The direction of the acoustic radiation force was determined by observing whether the particles accumulated in the nodes or the anti-nodes of the standing wave. Results show a change in the direction of the acoustic radiation force at a particle diameter of 0.3±0.1 μm, which corresponds to a particle diameter to acoustic-boundary-layer thickness ratio of 0.023±0.008.
Hydrilla: A Midsummer's Nightmare (1999)

This article discusses the importance of solid planning and effective management strategies to prevent hydrilla infestations and control the plant if it becomes established. Key elements in management of hydrilla are water‐user involvement, prevention, and rapid response to new infestations. Virtually all bodies of water in the southern tier of states are susceptible to some level of infestation, particularly those with boat traffic.
Multi-Lateral Horizontal Drilling Problems & Solutions Experienced Offshore Abu Dhabi (1996)

Abstract ZADCO's Offshore oil field which is a stacked reservoir system was considered as one of the optimum candidates for horizontal drilling applications. The flourishing of horizontal drilling technology has completely changed the development strategy criteria of the reservoirs. In early 1989, horizontal drilling was experimented in ZADCO's Offshore field, which became an essential part of the new reservoir development program. Eighty five horizontal wells were successfully drilled and completed. A rapid development in horizontal profile was achieved in ZADCO's Offshore field using the latest horizontal drilling technology to drill complex Multilateral horizontal wells: Multilateral in different directions from parent well bore, Multilateral with two branches in one thin reservoir, Multilateral with Stair-step/traverse trajectories to minimize drilling through tight barriers and to delay water breakthrough. Several problems were encountered while planning, drilling, completing &amp; stimulating the complex multilateral horizontal wells such as: Maintaining zonal isolation among the various reservoirs. Minimizing the drilled footage through tight barriers/poor facies, to control sweep efficiency and to delay water breakthrough by drilling stair step or traverse hole trajectory Anchor-stock utilization. Drilling multilateral horizontal wells with low departure target. The development of thin &amp; tight oil reservoir Minimizing casing cement bond failure by drilling multilateral holes from one window. Target centralization within multilateral sections in different directions Stimulation of multilateral barefoot completion. The paper will focus on the solutions of above problems experienced in the multilateral horizontal wells implemented in the field offshore Abu-Dhabi. Introduction This field, which is one of the largest oil producing fields in the Middle East, is situated in offshore Arabian Gulf about 80 km North West of Abu Dhabi Emirate island. The field was discovered in 1963, development started in 1977 by utilizing conventional drilling methods. Horizontal drilling was introduced in 1989 and an extensive multilateral drilling was implemented in the last two years. The concept of using horizontal wells to improve recovery and controlling sweep efficiency was introduced in the oil industry since 1920s. In recent years thousands of horizontal wells have been drilled world-wide to achieve this concept at a lower monetary investment. The extensive experience of steerable drilling system and remarkable improvement in horizontal drilling technology, encouraged ZADCO to drill complex multilateral horizontal wells.
Preparation and Preliminary Evaluation of a Biotin-Targeted, Lectin-Targeted Dendrimer-Based Probe for Dual-Modality Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging (2007)

A novel approach for the preparation of a biotinylated dendrimer-based MRI agent 5 is described, in which a unique disulfide bond in the core of the Gd(III)-1B4M-DTPA chelated G2 PAMAM dendrimer was reduced and then attached to a maleimide-functionalized biotin. The new MRI agent 5 features a well-defined dendron structure and a unique biotin functionality. Immobilization of up to four copies of biotinylated dendrimer 5 to fluorescently labeled avidin yields a supramolecular avidin-biotin-dendrimer-Gd(III) complex. Validation of the complex in mice bearing ovarian cancer tumors demonstrates that the avidin-biotin-dendrimer targeting system efficiently targets and delivers sufficient amounts of chelated Gd(III) and fluorophores (e.g., Rhodamine green) to ovarian tumors to produce visible changes in the tumors by both MRI and optical imaging, respectively. Thus, the avidin-biotin-dendrimer complex may be used as a tumor-targeted probe for dual-modality magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging.
Adult vitelliform macular degeneration: diagnosis and natural history. (1980)

True vitelliform dystrophy rarely appears in the adult population. We describe 10 cases in adults of bilateral vitelliform lesions clinically mistaken for Best's disease. Fluorescein angiography is a useful tool in distinguishing this dystrophy from Best's disease or other diseases. The angiographic findings suggest pigment epithelial disease. Adult vitelliform degeneration may lead to dry atrophic macular degeneration in a similar fashion as macular drusen. Symptoms and visual findings in these patients are fairly stable, and may be only slowly progressive in spite of ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic changes over a period of years. The electro-oculogram is useful in separating adult vitelliform macular degeneration from true vitelliform dystrophy.
Teaching the computer to understand (1988)

An experimental expert system has been developed which allows the user to define the establish some of the characteristics of a natural language interface. Learning takes place through the giving of examples from which generalisations are produced specifying valid formats for subsequent dialogue at the interface. In this way the user is able to access the full range of computer facilities available while using a form of language of his/her own choice. The knowledge base can also accept assertions made by the user, so that flexibility is attained using the various possible combinations of facts, responses, rules, and commands. Considerable effort has been devoted to achieve an easy to use and well supported system for the benefit of the non-technical user.
Gene expression and hypoxia in breast cancer (2011)

Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumors and is associated with poor prognosis in several cancer types, including breast cancer. The master regulator of the hypoxic response is the Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). It is becoming clear that HIF-1α expression alone is not a reliable marker of tumor response to hypoxia, and recent studies have focused on determining gene and microRNA (miRNA) signatures for this complex process. The results of these studies are likely to pave the way towards the development of a robust hypoxia signature for breast and other cancers that will be useful for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we outline the existing markers of hypoxia and recently identified gene and miRNA expression signatures, and discuss their potential as prognostic and predictive biomarkers. We also highlight how the hypoxia response is being targeted in the development of cancer therapies.