gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic transformation with cell wall-associated deoxyribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis (1980)

Cell walls from bacillus subtilis 168 were prepared by conventional methods and found to contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In transformation assays, after autolysis, it was found that two major regions of the chromosome were selectively enriched in the wall preparations. One region clustered around the replication origin and is represented by the markers purA16, ts8132, thiC5, sacA321, and hisA1. The other region included the replication terminus with representative loci metB10, citK5, gltA292, and pyrA1. All other (internal) loci which were examined showed no statistical enrichment. The two areas of enrichment were similar to but more extensive than those reported for membrane-DNA complexes. The wall preparations also contained protein and lipid, indicating a possible membrane involvement. Analyses of the cell walls revealed that the fatty acid composition of the membrane component was not typical of the for B. subtilis protoplast membranes or for lipoteichoic acids. In addition, radioiodination of cell wall autolysates, followed by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, demonstrated the presence of proteins not readily detectable in bulk protoplast membranes or on the surfaces of intact cells. These data suggest that a unique component of the membrane and regions of the B. subtilis genome involved in DNA replication events are tightly associated with cell walls. The binding of DNA-membrane complexes to the "rigid" cell wall and the replication of the wall could be a mechanism by which the segregation of growing chromosomes occurs.
The preparation of sustained release erythropoietin microparticle (2007)

High active integrity protein loading efficiency and particle yield of EPO or OVA-HSA/PK-loaded PLG microparticles are successfully produced by a w/o/w solvent evaporation method. Varied protection protein complex formulations and encapsulation processes are investigated. The high OVA model protein loading efficiency (80.2%), FITC-OVA content (0.24 microg mg(-1)) and yield (72.4%) are obtained by adding 100 microg mL(-1) FITC-OVA complex with 10% HSA/0.05% PK (Mw 1.5-3 kD) in the initial solution to protect the model protein. In vitro release profiles show more active OVA release from HSA/PK OVA-loaded than OVA-loaded only microparticles and also the amount of degraded protein that comes out after 3 weeks incubated in the PBS medium for OVA-loaded only microparticles is observed. The same formulation and preparation process resulted in EPO loading efficiency (68.4%), EPO content (0.23 microg mg(-1)) and yield (76.1%) for HSA/PK EPO-loaded microparticles. In vitro release profiles show active EPO sustained release over 7 days. Using HSA/PK as carried in the primary emulsion of EPO-loaded microparticles resulted in less burst release% than EPO-loaded only microparticles.
FoodNet Estimate of the Burden of Illness Caused by NontyphoidalSalmonellaInfections in the United States (2004)

To determine the burden of Salmonella infections in the United States, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) investigators conducted population-based active surveillance for culture-confirmed Salmonella infections during 1996-1999 at FoodNet laboratories. In addition, all clinical microbiology FoodNet laboratories were surveyed to determine their practices for isolating Salmonella. Telephone interviews were also conducted among residents of the FoodNet sites to determine the proportion of persons with diarrheal illness who sought medical care and the proportion who submitted stool specimens for bacterial culture. Using our model, we estimated that there were 1.4 million nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in the United States, resulting in 168,000 physician office visits per year during 1996-1999. Including both culture-confirmed infections and those not confirmed by culture, we estimated that Salmonella infections resulted in 15,000 hospitalizations and 400 deaths annually. These estimates indicate that salmonellosis presents a major ongoing burden to public health.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis: Review of 24 Years Experience (2012)

Purpose: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has traditionally been employed in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), achieving near 100% cure rates1. However, preliminary reports are emerging of FMT's reversal of idiopathic Ulcerative Colitis (UC)2. To date, analysis of remission rates and treatment response to FMT in UC have not been available. At CDD, FMT has been offered as a treatment option for patients with UC since 1988. We provide an analysis of this cohort of patients aimed at documenting the success rate of this therapy. Methods: A review of all UC patients who underwent FMT at our centre was conducted. UC diagnosis was confirmed clinically, endoscopically, and histologically. Patients with indeterminate colitis or Crohn's Disease were excluded from the analysis. Sixty-two patients (40M; m 42.3 +/- 11.5y: 22F m 48.45 +/- 16.49y) with active UC and follow-up results were included in the analysis. Clinical remission was defined as a 0-1 modified Powell-Tuck index and partial remission as a ≥2 point decrease. Non-response was defined as ≤2 point decrease, unchanged score, increase in score over two consecutive visits, surgical intervention, or FMT-related adverse event requiring treatment cessation. Results: Overall, 91.9% of patients responded to FMT. Of these, 67.7% of patients (42/62) achieved complete clinical remission, and 24.2% of patients (15/62) achieved partial response. The remaining 8% (5/62) were treatment failures. Improvement in CRP and ESR correlated with clinical response observed in FMT patients. Twenty-one patients underwent repeat colonoscopy with a mean time to follow-up of 33 mths (range 1-198 mths). Of these 12/21 (57.1%) were found to have profound mucosal healing with a normal mucosal appearance, return of vascular pattern and no histological inflammation, but in one patient scarring was seen in areas of previously severe inflammation. A further eight patients (8/21, 38.1%) achieved normalisation of mucosa but had some isolated areas of patchy, mild inflammation. One patient (1/21, 4.8%) had remaining active colitis. FMT was well tolerated and produced no significant adverse events. Conclusion: FMT achieves high response rates in UC, and can cure UC in a subset of patients. This should be followed with blinded trials and metagenomic analyses to establish protocols for successful remission in UC. This is the first analysis of UC response rates in relation to FMT.
Glucagon-like Peptide-1:  The Basis of a New Class of Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPerspectiveNEXTGlucagon-like Peptide-1: The Basis of a New Class of Treatment for Type 2 DiabetesLotte Bjerre KnudsenView Author Information Discovery Biology Management, Novo Nordisk, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 17, 4128–4134Publication Date (Web):July 20, 2004Publication History Received24 December 2003Published online20 July 2004Published inissue 1 August 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm030630mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm030630mreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2460Altmetric-Citations135LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Carbohydrates,Diabetes,Half-life,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
7,8‐Dihydroimidazo[1,2‐c]pyrimidin‐5(6H)‐one, ‐5(6H)‐thione und ‐5(6H)‐ylidencyanamide (1984)

Abstract Die Cyclisierung der 4,5‐substituierten 2‐(2‐Aminoethyl)imidazole 5 mit Dimethyl‐ N ‐cyandithioimidocarbonat ( 2 ), 1,1′‐Carbonyldiimidazol ( 10a ) oder 1,1′‐Thiocarbonyldiimidazol ( 10b ) ergibt die bisher nicht beschriebenen Titel‐Verbindungen 7 , 11 und 14 . Die 1 H‐ und 13 C‐NMR‐Daten sowie des Verhalten gegenüber Nucleophilen werden beschrieben.
Intratumoral injection of rhenium-188 microspheres into an animal model of hepatoma. (1998)

Rhenium-188 offers cost-effectiveness, on-site availability, short half-life, energetic beta particle, emission of gamma photons for imaging, easy preparation, easy clinical administration and apparent lack of radiation leakage from the treated tumor. Direct intratumoral injection of 188Re microspheres is extremely attractive as a clinical therapeutic alternative in hepatoma patients.
Ultra High Performance Wireless Control for Critical Applications: Challenges and Directions (2016)

Industrial applications aimed at real-time control and monitoring of cyber-physical systems pose significant challenges to the underlying communication networks in terms of determinism, low latency, and high reliability. The migration of these networks from wired to wireless could bring several benefits in terms of cost reduction and simplification of design, but currently available wireless techniques cannot cope with the stringent requirements of the most critical applications. In this paper, we consider the problem of designing a high-performance wireless network for industrial control, targeting at Gbps data rates and 10-μs-level cycle time. To this aim, we start from analyzing the required performance and deployment scenarios, then we take a look at the most advanced standards and emerging trends that may be applicable. Building on this investigation, we outline the main directions for the development of a wireless high-performance system.
Targeted cytotoxic analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), AEZS-108 (AN-152), inhibits the growth of DU-145 human castration-resistant prostate cancerin vivoandin vitrothrough elevating p21 and ROS levels (2014)

Management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is challenging due to lack of efficacious therapy. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs appear to act directly on cells based on the LHRH receptors on human prostate adenocarcinoma cells. We explored anticancer activity of a cytotoxic analog of LHRH, AEZS-108 consisting of LHRH agonist linked to doxorubicin. Nude mice bearing DU-145 tumors were used to compare antitumor effects of AEZS-108 with its individual constituents or their unconjugated combination. The tumor growth inhibition of conjugate was greatest among treatment groups (90.5% inhibition vs. 41% by [D-Lys(6)]LHRH+DOX). The presence of LHRH receptors on DU-145 cells was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. In vitro, AEZS-108 significantly inhibited cell proliferation (61.2% inhibition) and elevated apoptosis rates (by 46%). By the detection of the inherent doxorubicin fluorescence, unconjugated doxorubicin was seen in the nucleus; the conjugate was perinuclear and at cell membrane. Autophagy, visualized by GFP-tagged p62 reporter, was increased by AEZS-108 (7.9-fold vs. 5.3-fold by DOX+[D-Lys(6)]LHRH. AEZS-108 more effectively increased reactive oxygen species (ROS, 2-fold vs. 1.4-fold by DOX+[D-Lys(6)]LHRH) and levels of the apoptotic regulator p21 in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate robust inhibitory effects of the targeted cytotoxic LHRH analog AEZS-108 on LHRHR positive castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.
A full coupled-cluster singles and doubles model: The inclusion of disconnected triples (1982)

The coupled-cluster singles and doubles model (CCSD) is derived algebraically, presenting the full set of equations for a general reference function explicitly in spin–orbital form. The computational implementation of the CCSD model, which involves cubic and quartic terms, is discussed and results are reported and compared with full CI calculations for H2O and BeH2. We demonstrate that the CCSD exponential ansatz sums higher-order correlation effects efficiently even for BeH2, near its transition state geometry where quasidegeneracy efforts are quite large, recovering 98% of the full CI correlation energy. For H2O, CCSD plus the fourth-order triple excitation correction agrees with the full CI energy to 0.5 kcal/mol. Comparisons with low-order models provide estimates of the effect of the higher-order terms T1T2, T21T2, T31, and T41 on the correlation energy.
Generation of unmarked directed mutations in mycobacteria, using sucrose counter‐selectable suicide vectors (1996)

The expression of sacB, the Bacillus subtilis gene encoding levansucrase, is lethal to mycobacteria in the presence of 10% sucrose. In this study, we describe the use of sacB as a marker for positive selection of gene-replacement events into Mycobacterium smegmatis. A sucrose counter-selectable suicide plasmid was used to deliver an inactivated copy of the pyrF gene (pyrF::K(m)) into the M. smegmatis genome. Only uracil auxotroph clones, resulting from replacement of the endogenous pyrF allele, survived in a one-step selection on plates containing kanamycin and 10% sucrose. This demonstrated that selection on sucrose against the maintenance of the vector bearing the sacB gene is 100% efficient, enabling the positive selection of allelic-exchange mutants. Two-step selection is also feasible; it was used to construct unmarked pyrF mutants in which the gene was inactivated by a frameshift mutation. This method of generating unmarked, directed mutations is rapid and simple, making it a powerful tool for the genetic characterization of mycobacteria.
Ionizing radiation enhances adenoviral vector expressing mda‐7/IL‐24‐mediated apoptosis in human ovarian cancer (2006)

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. Current interventional approaches, including debulking surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation have proven minimally effective in preventing the recurrence and/or mortality associated with this malignancy. Subtraction hybridization applied to terminally differentiating human melanoma cells identified melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24), whose unique properties include the ability to selectively induce growth suppression, apoptosis, and radiosensitization in diverse cancer cells, without causing any harmful effects in normal cells. Previously, it has been shown that adenovirus-mediated mda-7/IL-24 therapy (Ad.mda-7) induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, however, the apoptosis induction was relatively low. We now document that apoptosis can be enhanced by treating ovarian cancer cells with ionizing radiation (IR) in combination with Ad.mda-7. Additionally, we demonstrate that mda-7/IL-24 gene delivery, under the control of a minimal promoter region of progression elevated gene-3 (PEG-3), which functions selectively in diverse cancer cells with minimal activity in normal cells, displays a selective radiosensitization effect in ovarian cancer cells. The present studies support the use of IR in combination with mda-7/IL-24 as a means of augmenting the therapeutic benefit of this gene in ovarian cancer, particularly in the context of tumors displaying resistance to radiation therapy.
A 1 Mb flash EEPROM (2003)

A 1-Mb flash EEPROM (electrically erasable and programmable read-only memory) with a 5.6- mu m*4.4- mu m cell is fabricated with a double-polysilicon, single-metal, n-well CMOS process. A double-diffused drain structure is used to reduce hot-electron degradation of n-channel peripheral devices. The memory is organized into 1024 rows and 128 columns for each output. Erase and programming operations are internally controlled by a timer that is stabilized against temperature and voltage supply variations. Addresses and data are latched during program and erase operations. Internal pumps generate the high voltage for the erase operation. Six redundant rows and two redundant columns are provided to enhance yield. Flash EEPROM cells similar to the array cells are used as the programmable elements in the redundancy circuits. Process parameters are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Carbodiimides. II. Mechanism of the Catalytic Formation from Isocyanates (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbodiimides. II. Mechanism of the Catalytic Formation from IsocyanatesJohn J. Monagle, Tod W. Campbell, and Herbert F. McShaneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 22, 4288–4295Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00881a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00881a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views604Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antibiotic Treatment of Yersinia enterocolitica Septicemia: A Retrospective Review of 43 Cases (1993)

Of 53 documented cases of Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia reported to the French national registry between 1985 and 1991, 43 files contained sufficient information on antibiotic treatment to be analyzed retrospectively. All patients had at least two positive cultures of blood collected before the initiation of treatment. All strains were susceptible in vitro to the antibiotics that are usually active against gram-negative rods except for older beta-lactam agents (i.e., aminopenicillins and first-generation cephalosporins). No multiresistant strain was isolated. Only four (7.5%) of the 53 patients died. Aminopenicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, and--when prescribed alone--amoxicillin/clavulanate were not effective. Third-generation cephalosporins, most often used in combination with other antibiotics, were successful in 85% of cases. Fluoroquinolones--alone or in combination--cured all of 15 infections, with patients improving rapidly and becoming apyretic within 1-4 days. These agents therefore seem to constitute the best treatment.
Trisodium Phosphonoformate, a New Antiviral Compound (1978)

Trisodium phosphonoformate selectively inhibits cell-free DNA polymerase activity induced by herpesvirus. The new inhibitor has an antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, pseudorables virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in cell culture. It has a good therapeutic activity against cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs.
Dual Therapeutic Utility of Proteasome Modulating Agents for Pharmaco-gene Therapy of the Cystic Fibrosis Airway (2004)

Pharmacologic- and gene-based therapies have historically been developed as two independent therapeutic platforms for cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Inhibition of the dysregulated epithelial Na channel (ENaC) is one pharmacologic approach to enhance airway clearance in CF. We investigated pharmacologic approaches to enhance CFTR gene delivery with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) and identified compounds that significantly improved viral transduction while simultaneously inhibiting ENaC activity through an unrelated mechanism. Treatment of human CF airway epithelia with proteasome modulating agents (LLnL and doxorubicin) at the time of rAAV2 or rAAV2/5 infection dramatically enhanced CFTR gene delivery and correction of CFTR-mediated short-circuit currents. Surprisingly, these agents also facilitated long-term (15-day) functional inhibition of ENaC currents independent of CFTR vector administration. Inhibition of ENaC activity was predominantly attributed to a doxorubicin-dependent decrease in gamma-ENaC subunit mRNA expression and an increase in gamma-ENaC promoter methylation. This is the first report to describe the identification of compounds with dual therapeutic action that are able to enhance the efficacy of CFTR gene therapy to the airway while simultaneously ameliorating primary aspects of CF disease pathophysiology. The identification of such compounds mark a new area for drug development, not only for CF, but also for other gene therapy disease targets.