gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production and characterization of migration inhibitory factor(s) (MIF) of established lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell lines. (1972)

Lymphoid cells from established human lymphoid suspension cultures migrate in vitro like guinea pig peritoneal macrophages. Used as indicator cells in the capillary migration technique, these cultured cells appear to be more sensitive than guinea pig peritoneal macrophages to migration inhibitory products. Human lymphoid cell line supernatants contain a factor(s) which inhibits the migration of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages and the cultured lymphoid cells. A number of non-lymphoid cell lines including HeLa, human embryonic lung, rat thymus and malignant hamster brain tumor, were found to contain similar migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-like activity in their supernatants. The MIF derived from the supernatants of a human lymphoid (SWB-46A) and a human non-lymphoid (HeLa) cell line were characterized and compared. The MIF produced by these cell lines were found in the present studies to be similar in many respects including: a) inhibition of cultured human lymphoid cell migration by crude supernatants, b) peak inhibitory activities in the same fractions (m.w. 10,000 to 30,000) following separation by ultrafiltration, c) similar elution profiles from Sephadex G-50 (peak inhibitory activity elutes between enzyme markers of m. w. 12,400 and 25,000), d) non-dialyzability and e) heat stability at 56°C for 30 min. The similarity found in the properties of these MIF suggests that migration inhibitory factor is not solely a lymphoid product.
Mesoporous silica-supported lipid bilayers (protocells) for DNA cargo delivery to the spinal cord (2013)

Amorphous mesoporous silica nanoparticles ('protocells') that support surface lipid bilayers recently characterized in vitro as carrier constructs for small drug and DNA delivery are reported here as highly biocompatible both in vitro and in vivo, involving the brain and spinal cord following spinal delivery into the lumbosacral subarachnoid space (intrathecal; i.t.). Specifically, positively charged, 1, 2-Dioleoyl-3-Trimethylammonium-Propane (DOTAP)-cholesterol (DOTAP:Chol) liposome-formulated protocells revealed stable in vitro cargo release kinetics and cellular interleukin-10 (IL-10) transgene transfection. Recent approaches using synthetic non-viral vector platforms to deliver the pain-suppressive therapeutic transgene, IL-10, to the spinal subarachnoid space have yielded promising results in animal models of peripheral neuropathy, a condition involving aberrant neuronal communication within sensory pathways in the nervous system. Non-viral drug and gene delivery protocell platforms offer potential flexibility because cargo release-rates can be pH-dependent. We report here that i.t. delivery of protocells, with modified chemistry supporting a surface coating of DOTAP:Chol liposomes and containing the IL-10 transgene, results in functional suppression of pain-related behavior in rats for extended periods. This study is the first demonstration that protocell vectors offer amenable and enduring in vivo biological characteristics that can be applied to spinal gene delivery.
Reduced RBC versus plasma microvascular flow due to endotoxin. (1986)

The microvascular circuits traversed by red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma from first-order arterioles to first-order venules are complicated by variations in hemodynamic, rheologic, and dimensional parameters. Escherichia coli endotoxin causes microcirculatory derangements expected to alter RBC and plasma transport through these circuits. Wistar male rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital; the left cremaster muscle was spread over an optical port in a Krebs solution bath and administered endotoxin (6 mg/kg) iv over a 1-h period. The right femoral artery was cannulated for measurement of aortic pressure (Pm) and ia bolus injections of fluorescent DTAF-RBC and FITC-dextran. Fluorescence epi-illumination videomicroscopy and densitometry were used to obtained time-concentration curves (TCCs) in arterioles and venules. Control Pm averaged 106 +/- 8 mm Hg and progressively decreased during the 150-min observation period following endotoxin infusion. Arteriolar and venular diameters decreased approximately 50% during the 150-min observation period. At control DTAF-RBC flow velocity exceeded FITC-dextran velocities but by 90 min postendotoxin, even though both velocities were greatly reduced, plasma velocity, significantly exceeded red cell velocity. The control mean transit times for FITC-dextran exceeded the DTAF-RBC times in all vessels; 90 min postendotoxin the DTAF-RBC mean transit times significantly exceeded the FITC times and cell aggregates were in venous blood. The data suggest that cell aggregation, vasoconstriction and use of longer alternate parallel vascular circuits occur in endotoxin shock, restricting red cell flow. Plasma bypasses RBCs, flowing more rapidly than red cells in terminal shock.
The Role of the CC Chemokine, RANTES, in Acute Lung Allograft Rejection (2000)

Lung transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease. Acute allograft rejection is a major complication of lung transplantation and is characterized by the infiltration of activated mononuclear cells. The specific mechanisms that recruit these leukocytes have not been fully elucidated. The CC chemokine, RANTES, is a potent mononuclear cell chemoattractant. In this study we investigated RANTES involvement during acute lung allograft rejection in humans and in a rat model system. Patients with allograft rejection had a 2.3-fold increase in RANTES in their bronchoalveolar lavages compared with healthy allograft recipients. Rat lung allografts demonstrated a marked time-dependent increase in levels of RANTES compared with syngeneic control lungs. RANTES levels correlated with the temporal recruitment of mononuclear cells and the expression of RANTES receptors CCR1 and CCR5. To determine RANTES involvement in lung allograft rejection, lung allograft recipients were passively immunized with either anti-RANTES or control Abs. In vivo neutralization of RANTES attenuated acute lung allograft rejection and reduced allospecific responsiveness by markedly decreasing mononuclear cell recruitment. These experiments support the idea that RANTES, and the expression of its receptors have an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lung allograft rejection.
Virtual path routing for survivable ATM networks (1996)

The advent of high-capacity optical fiber has increased the impact of a network failure in high-speed networks since a large volume of data can be lost even in a short outage. Self-healing algorithms have previosly been proposed to achieve fast restoration from a failure, but their success greatly depends on how traffic is distributed and how spare capacity is dimensioned over the network when a failure happens. Thus, in order to offer better network survivability, it is crucial that a network manager realizes a restorable traffic assignment in response to changing traffic demand and facility network configuration. The authors address the problem of virtual path routing for survivable asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. An algorithm is developed to find a virtual path configuration and bandwidth assignment that minimizes the expected amount of lost flow upon restoration from a network failure. The concept of two-step restoration is introduced to achieve fast restoration as well as optimal reconfiguration. The problem can be formulated as a nonlinear, nonsmooth multicommodity flow problem with linear constraints. A modified flow deviation method is developed to obtain a near-optimal solution, where premature convergence to a nonsmooth point could be avoided by adjusting an optimization parameter. The result of the performance evaluation indicates that the proposed routing scheme can detect the links that are vulnerable to a failure under the current traffic demand pattern and adjust a flow so as to improve the network survivability level.
Association of Protein Kinase A and Protein Phosphatase 2B with a Common Anchoring Protein (1995)

Specificity of protein kinases and phosphatases may be achieved through compartmentalization with preferred substrates. In neurons, adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is localized at postsynaptic densities by association of its regulatory subunit with an A kinase anchor protein, AKAP79. Interaction cloning experiments demonstrated that AKAP79 also binds protein phosphatase 2B, or calcineurin (CaN). A ternary complex of PKA, AKAP, and CaN was isolated from bovine brain, and colocalization of the kinase and the phosphatase was established in neurites of cultured hippocampal neurons. The putative CaN-binding domain of AKAP79 is similar to that of the immunophilin FKBP-12, and AKAP79 inhibited CaN phosphatase activity. These results suggest that both PKA and CaN are targeted to subcellular sites by association with a common anchor protein and thereby regulate the phosphorylation state of key neuronal substrates.
Application-specific group communications in distributed servers (1991)

Relaxation of the strict consistency requirements usually found in distributed server architectures is advocated, with emphasis placed instead on the inherent ability of the applications implemented by clients and servers to tolerate inconsistency in the state or deal with the inconsistency in an application dependent manner. For example, inconsistency in name binding information may be detected by a client on attempting to access the named object and corrected by a customized protocol. With such a relaxed consistency, operations on the server state often do not require strict coordination among the group members, and may be realized with weak ordering constraints on group messages. Thus a high degree of concurrency and efficiency is possible without compromising correctness. Sample applications are described to illustrate the use of relaxed consistency in designing distributed servers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fast unfolding of communities in large networks (2008)

We propose a simple method to extract the community structure of large networks. Our method is a heuristic method that is based on modularity optimization. It is shown to outperform all other known community detection methods in terms of computation time. Moreover, the quality of the communities detected is very good, as measured by the so-called modularity. This is shown first by identifying language communities in a Belgian mobile phone network of 2 million customers and by analysing a web graph of 118 million nodes and more than one billion links. The accuracy of our algorithm is also verified on ad hoc modular networks.
VEGF‐D promotes tumor growth and lymphatic spread in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (2008)

Lymphatic spread is an important clinical determinant for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but little is known about the control of lymphangiogenesis in HCC. We addressed expression and biological role of the pro-(lymph), angiogenic protein VEGF-D in this tumor entity. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization on specimens of HCC, cirrhotic and normal liver we found abundant expression of VEGF-D exclusively in the tumor cells. The cognate receptor VEGFR-3 was detected on blood and lymphatic vessels. By clinicopathological analysis VEGF-D expression was correlated with pT-stage of the primary, lymph node metastasis and lymphangiosis carcinomatosa. Three out of 4 human HCC cell lines expressed and secreted VEGF-D. To approach its biological function, VEGF-D deficient SKHep-1 cells were stably transfected with VEGF-D cDNA and effects on tumor progression were determined in vivo. Compared to mock-transfected controls, subcutaneous tumors derived from VEGF-D expressing cells were larger and more frequently metastasized to regional lymph nodes. VEGF-D expressing tumors exhibited increased microvessel density and increased abundance of peri- and intratumoral lymphatics, as assessed by immunostaining for CD31 and for LYVE-1 and/or podoplanin, respectively. Furthermore, coexpression of the soluble extracellular VEGFR-3 domain blocked VEGF-D-induced tumor growth and lymphatic spread via reduction of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. In the orthotopic approach, VEGF-D expression resulted in an increased rate of intra- and extrahepatic as well as lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, our study suggests that expression of VEGF-D is involved in growth and lymphatic spread of HCC. Therefore, VEGF-D might represent a therapeutic target in HCC.
A monitoring and alert system for tailgating behavior of drivers (2006)

A model for monitoring tailgating behavior of a driver has been developed. The model is validated with field data and is capable of identifying when tailgating happens. Development of an alert system, which consists of various sensors, is in progress. The system will use audible warning for safety to alert the tailgating driver.
Radiopeptides for Imaging and Therapy: A Radiant Future (2015)

Radiopeptides are powerful tools for diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy of various diseases. Since the introduction of the first radiopeptide into the clinical setting to diagnose neuroendocrine tumors about 25 y ago, many advances have been made in the field. This short review highlights novel strategies to improve the application of radiopeptides for imaging and therapy.
Functional Characterization of PmHS1, a Pasteurella multocida Heparosan Synthase (2006)

Heparosan synthase 1 (PmHS1) from Pasteurella multocida Type D is a dual action glycosyltransferase enzyme that transfers monosaccharide units from uridine diphospho (UDP) sugar precursors to form the polysaccharide heparosan (N-acetylheparosan), which is composed of alternating (-alpha4-GlcNAc-beta1,4-GlcUA-1-) repeats. We have used molecular genetic means to remove regions nonessential for catalytic activity from the amino- and the carboxyl-terminal regions as well as characterized the functional regions involved in GlcUA-transferase activity and in GlcNAc-transferase activity. Mutation of either one of the two regions containing aspartate-X-aspartate (DXD) residue-containing motifs resulted in complete or substantial loss of heparosan polymerizing activity. However, certain mutant proteins retained only GlcUA-transferase activity while some constructs possessed only GlcNAc-transferase activity. Therefore, it appears that the PmHS1 polypeptide is composed of two types of glycosyltransferases in a single polypeptide as was found for the Pasteurella multocida Type A PmHAS, the hyaluronan synthase that makes the alternating (-beta3-GlcNAc-beta1,4-GlcUA-1-) polymer. However, there is low amino acid similarity between the PmHAS and PmHS1 enzymes, and the relative placement of the GlcUA-transferase and GlcNAc-transferase domains within the two polypeptides is reversed. Even though the monosaccharide compositions of hyaluronan and heparosan are identical, such differences in the sequences of the catalysts are expected because the PmHAS employs only inverting sugar transfer mechanisms whereas PmHS1 requires both retaining and inverting mechanisms.
Introduction to Quantitative Genetics in Forestry (1979)

Presents information forest geneticists need about applied mathematics, statistics, population biology, and genetics in order to design breeding programs. College-level training in mathematics, statistics, and genetics is required to understand most of the book.
Signal Regulatory Proteins in the Immune System (2005)

Signal regulatory proteins (SIRPs) constitute a family of transmembrane glycoproteins with extracellular Ig-like domains. Several SIRP family members have thus far been identified on myeloid and other cells in man, mouse, rat, and cattle. In the present study, we provide a description of the SIRP multigene family, including a number of previously undescribed SIRP genes, based on the complete genome sequences of various mammalian and bird species. We discuss this information in the context of the known immunological properties of the individual SIRP family members. Our analysis reveals SIRPs as a diverse multigene family of immune receptors, which includes inhibitory SIRPalpha, activating SIRPbeta, nonsignaling SIRPgamma, and soluble SIRPdelta members. For each species, there appears to be a single inhibitory SIRPalpha member that, upon interaction with the "self" ligand CD47, controls "homeostatic" innate immune effector functions, such as host cell phagocytosis. The activating SIRPbeta proteins show considerable variability in structure and number across species and do not bind CD47. Thus the SIRP family is a rapidly evolving gene family with important roles in immune regulation.
A 5GHz-Band On-Chip Matching CMOS MMIC Front-End (2003)

A 5GHz--band CMOS MMIC front-end is developed,which includes a two-stage power amplifier (PA)with a single-stage push-pull driver (DRV),a three- stage low noise amplifier (LNA),and a transmit/receive (T/R)switch.The high current on-chip matching spiral inductor is used for the on-chip matching PA.On-chip matching configuration enables these circuits to connect internally.The IC performs 14.8dBm transmit power,and 4.1dB receiver noise figure at 5.2GHz.
Design of a highly biomimetic anthropomorphic robotic hand towards artificial limb regeneration (2016)

A wide range of research areas, from telemanipulation in robotics to limb regeneration in tissue engineering, could benefit from an anthropomorphic robotic hand that mimics the salient features of the human hand. The challenges of designing such a robotic hand are mainly resulted from our limited understanding of the human hand from engineering point of view and our ability to replicate the important biomechanical features with conventional mechanical design. We believe that the biomechanics of human hand is an essential component of the hand dexterity and can be replicated with highly biomimetic design. To this end, we reinterpret the important biomechanical advantages of the human hand from roboticist's perspective and design a biomimetic robotic hand that closely mimics its human counterpart with artificial joint capsules, crocheted ligaments and tendons, laser-cut extensor hood, and elastic pulley mechanisms. We experimentally identify the workspaces of the fingertips and successfully demonstrate that our proofof- concept design can be teleoperated to grasp and manipulate daily objects with a variety of natural hand postures based on hand taxonomy.
Identification of tetracycline-resistant R-plasmids in Streptococcus agalactiae (group B) (1980)

In this report, 30 tetracycline-resistant clinical isolates of group B Streptococcus were examined to assess the extent to which tetracycline resistance is plasmid mediated. Of these, 27 showed no physical or genetic evidence of plasmid-mediated resistance; however, one conjugative and two small (3.5 X 10(6)-dalton) multicopy non-self-transmissible tetracycline resistance plasmids were identified. The conjugative plasmid was transmissible to Streptococcus faecalis as well as to Streptococcus agalactiae (group B). The two nonconjugative plasmids were readily mobilized by a number of sex factors into these same two backgrounds and, in addition, readily transformed Streptococcus sanguis Challis to tetracycline resistance. Due to readily available sites for several site-specific endonuycleases, these small, multicopy plasmids should prove useful as cloning vehicles in this host system.
Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in Brooklyn (1991)

Of 91 children and adults with lower respiratory tract infection, 17 (18.7%) had evidence of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae. Infection was more common in older adolescents and adults than in children. Only 3 of 8 culture-positive patients with paired sera had serologic evidence of acute infection. Two patients were culture positive over a 12-month period. Two other culture-positive patients had evidence of coinfection with other bacterial respiratory tract pathogens, which in these cases appeared to be responsible for the acute episode of pneumonia. Patterns of infection ranged from acute pneumonia to apparent chronic asymptomatic carriage, and there was no characteristic clinical presentation. Studies using cultures in other populations, including asymptomatic individuals, are needed for a better understanding of the epidemiology and clinical relevance of this organism.
The Impure Economics of Retailing (1992)

In contrast to the ideal expressed in the title of the opening chapter of Henry Smith’s book (The Pure Economics of Retailing) our view is that there is in fact no pure economic theory of retailing. There is a set of economic functions which most retailers carry out to a greater or lesser extent; and there are broad markets in which those retailers compete with one another along various dimensions. Beyond this, however, there is no pure theory of retailing. This chapter seeks none the less to clarify those particular functions of retail distribution as a prelude to the later analysis of competition, strategy and operations in retailing today.
SUMMARY AND SOME ANALYSES OF 1984'S BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS IN NIIGATA CITY : Statistical investigation on the 1984's building activities at Niigata City (Part 1) (1989)

This report outlines the statistics of the newly constructed, the added, and the rebuilt buildings during the year of 1984 at Niigata, one of the major cities in the Nippon Sea side of Japan. The source of data is the building plan outline ("Kenchiku Keikaku Gaiyousho") submitted to the authority for the permission of building. The number of data is 4352, the whole of those available. This report is intended to offer some basic data of building activities at Niigata city. The totals of the buildings and the floor area are aggregated in the form classified by the type of construction, the method of structure or the use of building. Compared with the nation-wide statistics, the ratio of wooden buildings was higher at Niigata city, and so was the buildings exclusively used for dwelling.
Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with moderate-to-severe versus mild plaque psoriasis (2007)

In several studies peripheral blood T-cells have been quantified, yet few data are available on lymphocyte subsets in moderate-to-severe psoriasis (in terms of extent and activity of lesions) versus mild psoriasis. The objective is to compare lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with moderate-to-severe disease (PASI-score > or =12) to patients with mild disease (PASI-score <12) and to healthy subjects. By means of flow cytometry method, lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 27 patients with psoriasis and 10 healthy controls were characterized. The absolute number of total lymphocytes was markedly decreased in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis as compared to patients with mild disease and normal subjects. Cellcounts of all analysed subsets were found to be increased in more severe psoriasis, except for CD8+CD45RO+ cells. The under-representation of CD8+CD45RO+ cells is compatible with the dynamics of acquired immunity, which requires a time log after the relapse of the lesions to differentiate from CD45RA+ naive cells.