gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FreeIMU: An Open Hardware Framework for Orientation and Motion Sensing (2013)

Orientation and Motion Sensing are widely implemented on various consumer products, such as mobile phones, tablets and cameras as they enable immediate interaction with virtual information. The prototyping phase of any orientation and motion sensing capable device is however a quite difficult process as it may involve complex hardware designing, math algorithms and programming. In this paper, we present FreeIMU, an Open Hardware Framework for prototyping orientation and motion sensing capable devices. The framework consists in a small circuit board containing various sensors and a software library, built on top of the Arduino platform. Both the hardware and library are released under open licences and supported by an active community allowing to be implemented into research and commercial projects.
Targeting N-myristoylation for therapy of B-cell lymphomas (2020)

Myristoylation, the N-terminal modification of proteins with the fatty acid myristate, is critical for membrane targeting and cell signaling. Because cancer cells often have increased N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) expression, NMTs were proposed as anti-cancer targets. To systematically investigate this, we performed robotic cancer cell line screens and discovered a marked sensitivity of hematological cancer cell lines, including B-cell lymphomas, to the potent pan-NMT inhibitor PCLX-001. PCLX-001 treatment impacts the global myristoylation of lymphoma cell proteins and inhibits early B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling events critical for survival. In addition to abrogating myristoylation of Src family kinases, PCLX-001 also promotes their degradation and, unexpectedly, that of numerous non-myristoylated BCR effectors including c-Myc, NFκB and P-ERK, leading to cancer cell death in vitro and in xenograft models. Because some treated lymphoma patients experience relapse and die, targeting B-cell lymphomas with a NMT inhibitor potentially provides an additional much needed treatment option for lymphoma.
WS009 A and B, new endothelin receptor antagonists isolated from Streptomyces sp. No. 89009. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities. (1992)

WS009 A and B novel endothelin receptor antagonists, have been isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. No. 89009. These antagonists were purified from the culture filtrate followed by Diaion SP-207, DEAE Toyopearl column chromatography and HPLC. WS009 A and B showed selective activity in an endothelin receptor binding assay with IC50 of 5.8 × 10-6M and 6.7 × 10-7M, respectively. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence, the structures of WS009 A and B have been established as 1 and 3, and are highly hydroxylated benz[a]anthraquinone chromophores.
The story picturing engine (2004)

In this paper, we present an approach towards automated story picturing based on mutual reinforcement principle. Story picturing refers to the process of illustrating a story with suitable pictures. In our approach, semantic keywords are extracted from the story text and an annotated image database is searched to form an initial picture pool. Thereafter, a novel image ranking scheme automatically determines the importance of each image. Both lexical annotations and visual content of an image play a role in determining its rank. Annotations are processed using the Wordnet to derive a lexical signature for each image. An integrated region based similarity is also calculated between each pair of images. An overall similarity measure is formed using lexical and visual features. In the end, a mutual reinforcement based rank is calculated for each image using the image similarity matrix. We also present a human behavior model based on a discrete state Markov process which captures the intuition for our technique. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our scheme
Hydroxyperfluoroazobenzenes: novel inhibitors of enzymes of androgen biosynthesis (1990)

In a search for inhibitors of 17 alpha-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase and testosterone-5 alpha-reductase, target enzymes in the development of drugs to treat hormone-dependent prostatic cancer, we have identified certain compounds chemically derived by the hydrolysis of decafluoroazobenzene (4) as novel inhibitors for these two enzymes. Hydrolysis of 4 gave the known 4-hydroxynonafluoroazobenzene (1) and the novel 2-hydroxynonafluoroazobenzene (2). By AlI3 demethylation of 4,4'-dimethoxyoctafluoroazobenzene (5) or by hydrolysis of 4 under phase-transfer conditions 4,4'-dihydroxyoctafluoroazobenzene (3) was obtained. Compounds 1 and 2 were inhibitors of the hydroxylase (IC50 values, respectively, 30 and 63 microM) and of the lyase (IC50 values 33 and 16 microM) steps on the pathway of androgen biosynthesis. The 2-hydroxy compound 2 underwent spontaneous conversion into octafluorodibenz[b,f][1,4,5]oxadiazepine (6) which had IC50 values, respectively, of 50 and 15 microM for the hydroxylase and lyase steps and which contributed to the observed activity of 2. Effective inhibitors of the 5 alpha-reductase were 1 (Ki 10 microM) and 3 (Ki4 microM): the activities of 1 and 3 were markedly pH dependent, with respective IC50 values of 14 and 5 microM at pH 7.4 and of 2 and 0.8 microM at pH 6.6.
Investment Under Uncertainty. (1994)

How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending.This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.
Progesterone and progesterone receptors in experimental breast cancer. (1977)

Summary The synthetic progestin, R5020, has been used to demonstrate a progesterone receptor (PGR) in 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors which binds hormone with high affinity (Kd ∼ 1 nm) and migrates at 7S and 4S on sucrose density gradients. Rats bearing growing tumors were ovariectomized-adrenalectomized at proestrus, tumors were biopsied 24 hr later, and estrogen receptor and PGR were determined by a single, saturating-dose dextran-coated charcoal assay. PGR values averaged 247 ± 27 fmoles/mg cytosol protein. When rats received injections of progesterone plus estradiol, biopsied tumors resumed growth and PGR levels were maintained. PGR was also unchanged in tumors growing on estradiol alone. Tumors regressed after withdrawal of progesterone + estradiol or of estradiol alone, and PGR uniformly fell to basal levels ( In sum, castration with adrenalectomy induced rapid tumor regression and loss of PGR. Estradiol administration prevented tumor regression and PGR loss or restored PGR in regressed tumors. Progesterone alone failed to sustain tumor growth despite the initial presence of PGR.
Acoustic and visual signal based context awareness system for mobile application (2011)

In this paper, an acoustic and visual signal based context awareness system is proposed for a mobile application. In particular multimodal system is designed that can sense and determine, in real-time, user contextual information, such as where the user is or what the user does, by processing acoustic and visual signals from the suitable sensors available in a mobile device. A variety of contextual information, such as babble sound in cafeteria, user's movement, and etc., can be recognized by the proposed acoustic and visual feature extraction and classification methods. We first describe the overall structure of the proposed system and then the algorithm for each module performing detection or classification of various contextual scenarios is presented. Representative experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed system while the actual implementation of the proposed scheme into mobile device such as a smart-phone confirms the effectiveness and realization of the proposed system.
Neutralizing VEGF bioactivity with a soluble chimeric VEGF‐receptor protein flt(1‐3)IgG inhibits testosterone‐stimulated prostate growth in castrated mice (2003)

This study suggests that testosterone stimulates vascular growth in the ventral prostate lobe indirectly by increasing epithelial VEGF synthesis and that this is a necessary component in testosterone-stimulated prostate growth.
Cannabidiol Induces Programmed Cell Death in Breast Cancer Cells by Coordinating the Cross-talk between Apoptosis and Autophagy (2011)

Cannabidiol (CBD), a major nonpsychoactive constituent of cannabis, is considered an antineoplastic agent on the basis of its in vitro and in vivo activity against tumor cells. However, the exact molecular mechanism through which CBD mediates this activity is yet to be elucidated. Here, we have shown CBD-induced cell death of breast cancer cells, independent of cannabinoid and vallinoid receptor activation. Electron microscopy revealed morphologies consistent with the coexistence of autophagy and apoptosis. Western blot analysis confirmed these findings. We showed that CBD induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and, subsequently, inhibits AKT and mTOR signaling as shown by decreased levels of phosphorylated mTOR and 4EBP1, and cyclin D1. Analyzing further the cross-talk between the autophagic and apoptotic signaling pathways, we found that beclin1 plays a central role in the induction of CBD-mediated apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Although CBD enhances the interaction between beclin1 and Vps34, it inhibits the association between beclin1 and Bcl-2. In addition, we showed that CBD reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, triggers the translocation of BID to the mitochondria, the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and, ultimately, the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in breast cancer cells. CBD increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ROS inhibition blocked the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Our study revealed an intricate interplay between apoptosis and autophagy in CBD-treated breast cancer cells and highlighted the value of continued investigation into the potential use of CBD as an antineoplastic agent.
Protection of Macaques Against SIV Infection by Subunit Vaccines of SIV Envelope Glycoprotein gp160 (1992)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a primate lentivirus related to human immunodeficiency viruses and is an etiologic agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-like diseases in macaques. To date, only inactivated whole virus vaccines have been shown to protect macaques against SIV infection. Protective immunity was elicited by recombinant subunit vaccines. Four Macaca fascicularis were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing SIVmne gp160 and were boosted with gp160 produced in baculovirus-infected cells. All four animals were protected against an intravenous challenge of the homologous virus at one to nine animal-infectious doses. These results indicate that immunization with viral envelope antigens alone is sufficient to elicit protective immunity against a primate immunodeficiency virus. The combination immunization regimen, similar to one now being evaluated in humans as candidate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 vaccines, appears to be an effective way to elicit such immune responses.
Long‐term intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic activity and chemosensitivity during acute hypoxia in humans (2006)

We determined the effects of 10 daily exposures of intermittent hypoxia (IH; 1 h day(-1); oxyhaemoglobin saturation = 80%) on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, peroneal nerve) and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) before, during and after an acute 20 min isocapnic hypoxic exposure. We also assessed the potential parallel modulation of the ventilatory and sympathetic systems following IH. Healthy young men (n = 11; 25 +/- 1 years) served as subjects and pre- and post-IH measures of MSNA were obtained on six subjects. The IH intervention caused HVR to significantly increase (pre-IH = 0.30 +/- 0.03; post-IH = 0.61 +/- 0.12 l min(-1) %S(aO(2)) (-1)). During the 20 min hypoxic exposure sympathetic activity was significantly greater than baseline and remained above baseline after withdrawal of the hypoxic stimulus, even though oxyhaemoglobin saturation had normalized and ventilation and blood pressure had returned to baseline levels. When compared to the pre-IH trial, burst frequency increased (P < 0.01), total MSNA trended towards higher values (P = 0.06), and there was no effect on burst amplitude (P = 0.82) during the post-IH trial. Following IH the rise in MSNA burst frequency was strongly related to the change in HVR (r = 0.79, P < 0.05) suggesting that these sympathetic and ventilatory responses may have common central control.
Binding and cleavage of nucleic acids by the "hairpin" ribozyme (1991)

The "hairpin" ribozyme derived from the minus strand of tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA [(-)sTRSV] efficiently catalyzes sequence-specific RNA hydrolysis in trans (Feldstein et al., 1989; Hampel & Triz, 1989; Haseloff & Gerlach, 1989). The ribozyme does not cleave DNA. An RNA substrate analogue containing a single deoxyribonucleotide residue 5' to the cleavage site (A-1) binds to the ribozyme efficiently but cannot be cleaved. A DNA substrate analogue with a ribonucleotide at A-1 is cleaved; thus A-1 provides the only 2'-OH required for cleavage. These results support cleavage via a transphosphorylation mechanism initiated by attack of the 2'-OH of A-1 on the scissile phosphodiester. The ribozyme discriminates between DNA and RNA in both binding and cleavage. Results indicate that the 2'-OH of A-1 functions in complex stabilization as well as cleavage. The ribozyme efficiently cleaves a phosphorothioate diester linkage, suggesting that the pro-Rp oxygen at the scissile phosphodiester does not coordinate Mg2+.
Communication via eye blinks - detection and duration analysis in real time (2005)

A method for a real-time vision system that automatically detects a user's eye blinks and accurately measures their durations is introduced. The system is intended to provide an alternate input modality to allow people with severe disabilities to access a computer. Voluntary long blinks trigger mouse clicks, while involuntary short blinks are ignored. The system enables communication using "blink patterns:" sequences of long and short blinks which are interpreted as semiotic messages. The location of the eyes is determined automatically through the motion of the user's initial blinks. Subsequently, the eye is tracked by correlation across time, and appearance changes are automatically analyzed in order to classify the eye as either open or closed at each frame. No manual initialization, special lighting, or prior face detection is required. The system has been tested with interactive games and a spelling program. Results demonstrate overall detection accuracy of 95.61% and an average rate of 28 frames per second.
Synthesis and antineoplastic properties of ether-linked thioglycolipids (1990)

Ether-linked glycero-alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosides and glycero-1-thio-alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosides have been synthesized by modifications of the Königs-Knorr procedure, and their antitumor activities have been evaluated. The bioactivities of these compounds have been evaluated in five different cell lines (WEHI 3B, C653, X63/OMIL3, R6X-B15, and HL-60) and compared with the activities of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-3-glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and its enantiomer, 3-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-1-GPC. The results indicate that a alpha-D-thioglucopyranoside [1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-S-(alpha-D-1'- thioglucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol)] is selective with respect to its action on target cells, with high activity for killing of WEHI 3B and C653 cells as determined by inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA and HL-60 cell cytotoxicity, but unable to induce aggregation of rabbit platelets at 10(-5) M. The corresponding beta-linked thioglycolipid was ineffective with respect to cytotoxicity against each cell line tested, indicating the importance of configuration at the anomeric position; the beta-thioglycoside was also ineffective with respect to inducing platelet aggregation. 1-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-3-GPC and 3-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-1-GPC were potent inhibitors of growth of each cell line tested but also caused rabbit platelet aggregation at concentrations greater than or equal to 10(-7) M. Thus, 3-S-(alpha-thioglycopyranosyl)-sn- glycerols bearing a long-chain O-alkyl group at the sn-1 position and a methoxy group at the sn-2 position of glycerol appear to be a promising class of antineoplastic agents with lower risk of inducing thrombosis than the widely studied platelet activating factor analogue, 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-3-GPC.
Serum neurofilament light chain at time of diagnosis is an independent prognostic factor of survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2019)

Higher sNfL concentration is a strong and independent prognostic factor of death in ALS as early as the time of diagnosis.
A Novel Interaction between Adrenergic Receptors and the α-Subunit of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2B (1997)

The alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF-2B), a guanine nucleotide exchange protein that functions in regulation of translation, was observed to associate with the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domains of the alpha2A- and alpha2B-adrenergic receptors in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a cDNA library prepared from 293 cells. This protein association was confirmed in vitro by affinity chromatography and was shown to be specific for a subset of G protein-coupled receptors, including the alpha2A-, alpha2B-, alpha2C-, and beta2-adrenergic receptors, but not the vasopressin (V2) receptor. Association of these proteins in vivo was confirmed by specific co-immunoprecipitation of eIF-2Balpha with full-length beta2-adrenergic receptors expressed in transfected 293 cells and by fluorescence microscopy showing co-localization of these proteins in intact cells. Remarkably, eIF-2Balpha co-localized with receptors exclusively in regions of the plasma membrane that are in contact with the extracellular medium, but failed to associate with membranes making cell-cell contacts. Overexpression of eIF-2Balpha in 293 cells caused a small (approximately 15%) but significant enhancement of beta2-adrenergic receptor-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase, without affecting forskolin or V2 receptor-mediated activation. These observations suggest a new role for a previously identified guanine nucleotide exchange protein in membrane biology and cell signaling.
Discontinuous epitope prediction based on mimotope analysis (2006)

To predict potential epitopic regions, MIMOP integrates two different approaches combining two- and three-dimensional analyses: MimAlign starts from degenerated alignment analyses, and MimCons is based on consensus identification. The relevance and usefulness of the tool are illustrated by four use cases corresponding to real-life situations.
The Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Modulates Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Dendritic Cell-Induced T Cell Polarization (2004)

Dendritic cells (DC) are instrumental in orchestrating an appropriately polarized Th cell response to pathogens. DC exhibit considerable phenotypic and functional plasticity, influenced by lineage, Ag engagement, and the environment in which they develop and mature. In this study, we identify the human cationic peptide LL-37, found in abundance at sites of inflammation, as a potent modifier of DC differentiation, bridging innate and adaptive immune responses. LL-37-derived DC displayed significantly up-regulated endocytic capacity, modified phagocytic receptor expression and function, up-regulated costimulatory molecule expression, enhanced secretion of Th-1 inducing cytokines, and promoted Th1 responses in vitro. LL-37 may be an attractive therapeutic candidate for manipulating T cell polarization by DC.
The Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Substrate p58/53 and the Insulin Receptor Are Components of CNS Synapses (1999)

The synapse is the primary locus of cell-cell communication in the nervous system. It is now clear that the synapse incorporates diverse cell signaling modalities in addition to classical neurotransmission. Here we show that two components of the insulin pathway are localized at CNS synapses, where they are components of the postsynaptic density (PSD). An immunochemical screen revealed that polypeptides of 58 and 53 kDa (p58/53) were highly enriched in PSD fractions from rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These polypeptides were purified and microsequenced, revealing that p58/53 is identical to the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase substrate p58/53 (IRSp53). Our analysis of IRSp58/53 mRNA suggests that within rat brain there is one coding region for IRSp58 and IRSp53; we find no evidence of alternative splicing. We demonstrate that IRSp58/53 is expressed in the synapse-rich molecular layer of the cerebellum and is highly concentrated at the synapses of cultured hippocampal neurons, where it co-localizes with the insulin receptor. Together, these data suggest that insulin signaling may play a role at CNS synapses.
Single Amino Acid Substitutions in Recombinant Bovine Prolactin That Markedly Reduce Its Mitogenic Activity in Nb2 Cell Cultures (1991)

Three amino acid residues of bovine PRL (bPRL) have been examined for their roles in the mitogenic activity of the hormone in Nb2 lymphoma cell cultures. The residues of interest, R21, R177, and K187, are conserved in eight pituitary PRLs, but not in the related, nonlactogenic bGH. Using site-specific mutagenesis, a number of recombinant methionyl bPRL variants have been prepared, each of which contained a single amino acid substitution of one of the three residues; a variety of amino acids was used for substitution. Twelve exchanges of R177 (to A, L, N, K, D, E, Y, G, S, Q, H, and F) all led to marked decreases in mitogenic activity. Even the conservative change, R177K, led to a decrease in mitogenic activity of about 90%; all the other R177 substitutions led to even more marked decreases; there was essentially complete loss of activity when the positively charged R177 was replaced by the negatively charged aspartate. Exchanges of R21 (to A, L, N, and K) were less dramatic, with the greatest decrease (79%) occurring in the case of R21A. Exchanges of K187 (to A, L, N, and R) had a relatively minor effect on the mitogenic activity of the hormone. Residues R21 and R177 in bPRL are located in putative helices 1 and 4, respectively; in the three-dimensional structure of the hormone these residues are predicted to be quite closely apposed. The results suggest that R177 and, to a lesser degree, R21 have important roles in the mitogenic activity of bPRL.