gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outlook 2000 in a Nutshell: A Power User's Quick Reference (2000)

From the Publisher:
There is currently an installed base of 23 million Microsoft Office users, and given the close integration of Outlook with the other Office 2000 components, Outlook is well on its way to becoming the most widely-used e-mail client in the world. With most of the books currently on the market for Outlook 2000 falling into the instant-learn, limited-scope Dummies category, the need for an up-to-date and comprehensive reference book such as Outlook 2000 in a Nutshell is great. This book is aimed squarely at typical Nutshell readers: sophisticated computer users who need a comprehensive, functional reference to the product. 
Outlook is much more than just an e-mail client. It is a powerful and versatile program that includes contact, calendar, notes, task, and journal tools all tightly integrated to give users quick access to vital information and fast, easy ways to share that information. You can arrange virtual conferences with NetMeeting, send Office documents through Outlook Mail, and save calendars as Web pages and publish them to the Web. 
Outlook 2000 in a Nutshell is organized intuitively, beginning with a program overview examining Outlook's interface and structure along with setup and installation issues. The chapter on program insights delves deeper into the program, looking at data structures, forms, and categories. The second part of the book drills down into Outlook's individual components and their associated commands, and the last section covers some sophisticated connectivity and collaboration issues as well as file management and encryption. There are also some special sections devoted to working with VBA, using Outlook as an Exchange client,and exploring how Outlook works with Palm devices. 
This book covers: 
Program data structures, forms, and views Adaptive menus and toolbars Outlook's Component interaction Connectivity and collaboration tools Importing and Exporting Working with VBA Outlook as an Exchange client Encryption tools, synchronization issues, data backup and more

The authors worked extensively with Microsoft engineers on the alpha/beta releases of Outlook 98, and bring to the book a wealth of knowledge and experience. They have provided a comprehensive task index, designed to speed up the process of locating important information as well as tips and tricks about the program. 
Outlook 2000 in a Nutshell is a must-read for any user who wants to get as much out of this software as possible without wasting time weeding through hundreds of pages of useless information.
Hypocholesterolemic effects of nicotinic acid and chromium supplementation. (1988)

During the course of a study of the hypoglycemic effects of nicotinic acid and chromium on humans, two hypercholesterolemic subjects were found to experience clinically significant decreases in serum cholesterol levels. These subjects have now been followed for one year. The first subject had a cholesterol level of 10.33 mmol/L (399 mg/dL). Daily supplementation for four weeks with 100 mg of nicotinic acid (niacin) and 200 micrograms of chromium chloride led to a decrease in serum cholesterol to 8.86 mmol/L (342 mg/dL). Further supplementation for four months led to a further decrease in serum cholesterol to 7.25 mmol/L (280 mg/dL). The second subject had a cholesterol level of 8.73 mmol/L (337 mg/dL). Four weeks of supplementation lowered the level to 6.73 mmol/L (260 mg/dL). When supplementation was discontinued, the cholesterol level rose slightly. When supplementation was reinstituted, the cholesterol level decreased to 6.68 mmol/L (258 mg/dL).
Cloning of a complementary DNA encoding an 80 kilodalton nuclear cap binding protein (1994)

It has been shown that the monomethylated cap structure plays important roles in nuclear events. The cap structure has been implicated in the enhancement of pre-mRNA splicing. More recently, this structure has also been suggested to facilitate RNA transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. We have previously identified and purified an 80kD Nuclear Cap Binding Protein (NCBP) from a HeLa cell nuclear extract, which could possibly mediate these nuclear activities. In this report, we describe cloning of complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding NCBP. The partial protein sequences of NCBP were determined, and the full-length cDNA of NCBP was isolated from HeLa cDNA libraries. This cDNA encoded an open reading frame of 790 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 91,734 daltons, which contained most of the determined protein sequences. However, the protein sequence had no significant homology to any known proteins. Transfection experiments demonstrated that the epitope-tagged NCBP, transiently expressed in HeLa cells, was localized exclusively in the nucleoplasm. Similar experiments using a truncated NCBP cDNA indicated that this nuclear localization activity is conferred by the N-terminal 70 amino-acid region.
Acetylenic esters. Preparation and characterization of alkynyl carboxylates via polyvalent iodonium species (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcetylenic esters. Preparation and characterization of alkynyl carboxylates via polyvalent iodonium speciesPeter J. Stang, Manfred. Boehshar, Horst. Wingert, and Tsugio. KitamuraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 10, 3272–3278Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00218a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00218a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1878Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synergy of ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins and ricin B chain-containing immunotoxins in in vitro killing of neoplastic human B cells. (1983)

A strategy is described for improving the efficacy of ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins. Highly purified preparations of ricin A chain or ricin B chain were separately coupled to anti-human immunoglobulin antibodies and the conjugates (immunotoxins) were affinity purified to eliminate free chains. Mixtures of anti-Ig-A and anti-Ig-B immunotoxins markedly synergized in vitro in their ability to kill the Ig-bearing human lymphoma cell line Daudi. In contrast, A-chain- or B-chain-containing immunotoxins of irrelevant specificity did not synergize with anti-Ig-A or anti-Ig-B immunotoxins. This finding indicates that free A or B chains do not play a major role in the synergy and that the synergy is specific. Thus, synergy depends on the specificity of the two antibodies; the lectin binding ability of a B-chain-containing immunotoxin of irrelevant specificity does not suffice. This approach of delivering ricin A chain and B chain separately to a target cell may have significant advantages in killing cells that are not effectively killed by A-chain-containing immunotoxins alone.
Essential Role of IκB Kinase α in Thymic Organogenesis Required for the Establishment of Self-Tolerance (2006)

IkappaB kinase (IKK) alpha exhibits diverse biological activities through protein kinase-dependent and -independent functions, the former mediated predominantly through a noncanonical NF-kappaB activation pathway. The in vivo function of IKKalpha, however, still remains elusive. Because a natural strain of mice with mutant NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) manifests autoimmunity as a result of disorganized thymic structure with abnormal expression of Rel proteins in the thymic stroma, we speculated that the NIK-IKKalpha axis might constitute an essential step in the thymic organogenesis that is required for the establishment of self-tolerance. An autoimmune disease phenotype was induced in athymic nude mice by grafting embryonic thymus from IKKalpha-deficient mice. The thymic microenvironment that caused autoimmunity in an IKKalpha-dependent manner was associated with defective processing of NF-kappaB2, resulting in the impaired development of thymic epithelial cells. Thus, our results demonstrate a novel function for IKKalpha in thymic organogenesis for the establishment of central tolerance that depends on its protein kinase activity in cooperation with NIK.
Sample dispersion in isotachophoresis (2011)

We present an analytical, numerical and experimental study of advective dispersion in isotachophoresis (ITP). We analyse the dynamics of the concentration field of a focused analyte in peak mode ITP. The analyte distribution is subject to electromigration, diffusion and advective dispersion. Advective dispersion results from strong internal pressure gradients caused by non-uniform electro-osmotic flow (EOF). Analyte dispersion strongly affects the sensitivity and resolution of ITP-based assays. We perform axisymmetric time-dependent numerical simulations of fluid flow, diffusion and electromigration. We find that analyte properties contribute greatly to dispersion in ITP. Analytes with mobility values near those of the trailing (TE) or leading electrolyte (LE) show greater penetration into the TE or LE, respectively. Local pressure gradients in the TE and LE then locally disperse these zones of analyte penetration. Based on these observations, we develop a one-dimensional analytical model of the focused sample zone. We treat the LE, TE and LE–TE interface regions separately and, in each, assume a local Taylor–Aris-type effective dispersion coefficient. We also performed well-controlled experiments in circular capillaries, which we use to validate our simulations and analytical model. Our model allows for fast and accurate prediction of the area-averaged sample distribution based on known parameters including species mobilities, EO mobility, applied current density and channel dimensions. This model elucidates the fundamental mechanisms underlying analyte advective dispersion in ITP and can be used to optimize detector placement in detection-based assays.
Designing TCR for Cancer Immunotherapy (2004)

Reprogramming T-cell populations by T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is a new therapeutic tool for adoptive tumor immunotherapy. Gene transfer of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-transgenic mice-derived TCR into human T-cells allows the circumvention of tolerance to tumor-associated (self) antigens (TAA). This chapter reports on the identification of the alpha and beta chains of the heterodimeric TCR derived from a mouse T-cell clone. The related DNA fragments are inserted into a retroviral vector for heterologous expression of the TAA-specific TCR in human T-cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based cloning protocols are provided for the tailor-made customization of murine TCR. We describe the humanization and chimerization of such TCR as well as their expression in human T-cells.
Novel diphenylmethyl-Derived Amide Protecting Group for Efficient Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: AJIPHASE (2012)

An efficient method for the synthesis of peptides bearing an amide at the C-terminal is described. This method involves the attachment of a C-terminal protecting group bearing long aliphatic chains, followed by the repetition of simple reaction and precipitation steps with the combined advantages of liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) and solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Using this method, a hydrophobic peptide was successfully synthesized in good yield and high purity, which cannot be obtained satisfactorily by SPPS.
Noninvasive cortical stimulation with transcranial direct current stimulation in Parkinson's disease (2006)

Electrical stimulation of deep brain structures, such as globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus, is widely accepted as a therapeutic tool for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Cortical stimulation either with epidural implanted electrodes or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can be associated with motor function enhancement in PD. We aimed to study the effects of another noninvasive technique of cortical brain stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), on motor function and motor-evoked potential (MEP) characteristics of PD patients. We tested tDCS using different electrode montages [anodal stimulation of primary motor cortex (M1), cathodal stimulation of M1, anodal stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and sham-stimulation] and evaluated the effects on motor function--as indexed by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), simple reaction time (sRT) and Purdue Pegboard test--and on corticospinal motor excitability (MEP characteristics). All experiments were performed in a double-blinded manner. Anodal stimulation of M1 was associated with a significant improvement of motor function compared to sham-stimulation in the UPDRS (P < 0.001) and sRT (P = 0.019). This effect was not observed for cathodal stimulation of M1 or anodal stimulation of DLPFC. Furthermore, whereas anodal stimulation of M1 significantly increased MEP amplitude and area, cathodal stimulation of M1 significantly decreased them. There was a trend toward a significant correlation between motor function improvement after M1 anodal-tDCS and MEP area increase. These results confirm and extend the notion that cortical brain stimulation might improve motor function in patients with PD.
Real-Time RT-PCR for the Measurement of Prostate-Specific Antigen mRNA Expression in Benign Hyperplasia and Adenocarcinoma of Prostate (2003)

Since PSA is supposed to play an active role in the progression of prostate cancer, we applied a quantitative RT-PCR to measure the absolute levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA expression in benign and malignant prostatic tissue. Consecutive fine needle prostate biopsy material from 59 patients (43 with prostate adenocarcinoma and 16 with benign prostatic hyperptrophy; BPH) was used for the measurement of PSA mRNA expression. In addition, we evaluated the correlation between PSA synthesis and PSA circulating levels in the same patients. The relationship between PSA mRNA expression and histological grade was also evaluated. PSA mRNA was measured with a quantitative RT-PCR, based on the use of fluorogenic probes, according to the TaqMan reaction system. The mRNA expression for PSA in prostate adenocarcinoma biopsies was highly variable, ranging from 2 x 10(4) to 2.1 x 10(8) molecules/microg total RNA with a mean value of 2.5 x 10(7) and significantly higher (p = 0.006) than that found in BPH patients (mean: 1.3 x 10(6) and range: 6.9 x 10(2) to 8 x 10(6)). The mRNA PSA expression in needle biopsy material did not seem to be related to PSA circulating levels in prostate cancer patients (r = 0.281), whereas in BPH patients the two parameters correlated significantly (r = 0.667, p < 0.01). A reduction of PSA mRNA expression in samples with a lower grade of differentiation (Gleason score 9-10) was also observed. Even though a mean increase of PSA expression was demonstrated in cancer samples, this small difference does not confirm a significant role of PSA proteolytic activity in prostate cancer progression. In conclusion, the assay procedure we proposed represents a reliable basis for more extensive study of PSA physiopathology in prostate cancer.
Fungal metabolites and Chinese herbal medicine as immunostimulants (1990)

On the planet earth there are approximately eighty thousand to a hundred thousand species of fungi among the two million different kinds of living organisms. While some fungi may cause disease in plants or animals, others are useful in fermentation, as food staff, or sources of medicine. Since the discovery of penicillin by Fleming in 1929, numerous antibiotics have been derived from various fungi [1]. More than 30 groups of fungal metabolites have been developed as important antibiotics during the brief period of 1929–1972 (see Table I).
Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (1995)

The pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is complex and incompletely understood. A narrowed upper airway is very common among OSA patients, and is usually in adults due to nonspecific factors such as fat deposition in the neck, or abnormal bony morphology of the upper airway. Functional impairment of the upper airway dilating muscles is particularly important in the development of OSA, and patients have a reduction both in tonic and phasic contraction of these muscles during sleep when compared to normals. A variety of defective respiratory control mechanisms are found in OSA, including impaired chemical drive, defective inspiratory load responses, and abnormal upper airway protective reflexes. These defects may play an important role in the abnormal upper airway muscle responses found among patients with OSA. Local upper airway reflexes mediated by surface receptors sensitive to intrapharyngeal pressure changes appear to be important in this respect. Arousal plays an important role in the termination of each apnoea, but may also contribute to the development of further apnoea, because of reduction in respiratory drive related to the hypocapnia which results from postapnoeic hyperventilation. A cyclical pattern of repetitive obstructive apnoeas may result. A better understanding of the integrated pathophysiology of OSA should help in the development of new therapeutic techniques.
Violent psychiatric inpatients in a public hospital. (1990)

Violence in inpatient psychiatric settings is a clinically significant and relevant problem requiring attention by the psychiatric community. Despite the prevalence of research on violent behavior, few nursing studies have been conducted that explore the components of nursing care that may influence the amount of violence occurring in inpatient psychiatric settings. The purpose of the study was to identify the characteristics of violent patients and the components of nursing care that are related to violent patient behavior. A qualitative study was conducted using participant observation and grounded theory methodology. Data were collected in a metropolitan public hospital over a 9-month period. Six categories of violent patients were identified during data analysis: (1) the user, (b) the outlaw, (c) the rebel without a cause, (d) the little big man, (e) the child, and (6) the vamp. Implications of the study for clinicians working in inpatient psychiatric settings are discussed.
Measurement of very low-loss silica on silicon waveguides with a ring resonator (1991)

The loss in phosphorus-doped silica on silicon waveguides was accurately measured using a 6-cm-diam ring resonator, by recording the transmission of a narrow linewidth external-cavity laser through the resonator as a function of temperature. A finesse of 45 and resonance width of 24.2 MHz were obtained, indicating guide loss of 2.6 dB per meter, which is the best result thus far measured for these waveguides. The shift in the modes with temperature was measured in the temperature range 30–120 °C and found to be close to 1/8 Å/deg.
Effects of Intravenous Eptinezumab vs Placebo on Headache Pain and Most Bothersome Symptom When Initiated During a Migraine Attack (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04152083.
Bedside sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava caval index is a poor predictor of fluid responsiveness in emergency department patients (2012)

Bedside sonographic measurement of IVC caval index does not predict FR in a heterogeneous ED patient population. Further research using this technique in targeted patient subsets and a variety of shock etiologies is needed.
Antisense Oligonucleotides to p53 Tumor Suppressor Suppress the Induction of Apoptosis by Epidermal Growth Factor in NCI-H 596 Human Lung Cancer Cells (1997)

Apoptosis has become a basic tool in developing cancer research and establishing new cancer strategies. However, the molecular mechanism of apoptosis is not well understood. Recently, the authors found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) induces apoptosis in various cancer cells and that there is a novel signal pathway mediated through p53 in signal transduction of EGF. The effect of antisense gene therapy to p53 tumor suppressor on EGF-dependent apoptosis was investigated in cultured NCI-H 596 human non-small cell lung cancer cells with a wild-type p53 gene. Results showed that EGF plus p53 sense oligonucleotides induced EGF-dependent and p53-dependent apoptosis in NCI-H 596 cells within 8 hours. On the other hand, antisense gene therapy using antisense oligonucleotides to p53 tumor suppressor suppressed the induction of EGF-dependent and p53-dependent apoptosis. Mutated p53 antisense-containing mutated CG dinucleotides had the same effect as that of p53 antisense on suppression of apoptosis in NCI-H 596 cells. We found that a new nucleic acid drug, another mutated p53 antisense-containing mutation at three bases immediately 5' and 3' from the CG dinucleotides, potentiated the induction of apoptosis and failed to suppress the induction of EGF-dependent apoptosis. These results suggest that gene therapy using antisense oligonucleotides to the p53 tumor suppressor is effective on EGF-dependent apoptosis of NCI-H 596 human non-small cell lung cancer.
The generation and fate of thymocytes. (1990)

In the adult thymus the majority of thymocytes are at a non-proliferating end stage, during which 3% of all CD4+CD8+ cortical thymocytes are selected on the basis of appropriate T-cell antigen-receptor (TcR) specificity to become CD4-CD8+ or CD4+CD8- mature thymocytes. The selected mature cells gradually emigrate to the periphery. The 97% unselected, or positively rejected, CD4+CD8+ thymocytes die in the thymus. This 3-day end stage is, however, the product of around 2 weeks of proliferation by less mature thymocytes, which gives about a 10(5)-fold expansion from the hundred prothymocytes estimated to seed the thymus each day. Rearrangement and expression of TcR genes and a sequence of changes in surface antigens occurs during this prolonged period. Two sequential waves of expansion and differentiation appear to be involved. The first, about 1 week long, involves the less than 0.1% of thymocytes which still resemble the prothymocyte; this leads via a non-dividing interval to the second 1-week stage involving the 3% of CD4-CD8- thymocytes and then the CD4+CD8+ blasts.
Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase in Urine in Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy of Mice (2004)

Urinary L-PGDS excretion is increased in Adriamycin-induced nephropathy, and this precedes overt albuminuria.