gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the cDNA Coding for Mouse Prothrombin and Localization of the Gene on Mouse Chromosome 2 (1990)

A series of overlapping cDNAs coding for mouse prothrombin (coagulation factor II) have been isolated and the composite DNA sequence has been determined. The complete prothrombin cDNA is 1,987 bp in length [excluding the poly(A) tail] and codes for 18 bp of 5' untranslated sequence, an open reading frame coding for 618 amino acids, a stop codon, and a 3' untranslated region of 112 bp followed by a poly(A) tail. The translated amino acid sequence predicts a molecular weight of 66,087, which includes 10 residues of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid. There are five potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Mouse prothrombin is 81.4% and 77.3% identical to the human and bovine proteins, respectively. Comparison of the cDNA coding for mouse prothrombin to the human and bovine cDNAs indicates 79.9% and 76.5% identity, respectively. Amino acid residues important for the structure and function of human prothrombin are conserved in the mouse and bovine proteins. In the adult mouse and rat, prothrombin is primarily synthesized in the liver, where is constitutes 0.07% of total mRNA as determined by solution hybridization analysis. The genetic locus for mouse prothrombin, Cf-2, has been mapped using an interspecies backcross and DNA fragment differences between the two species. The prothrombin locus lies on mouse chromosome 2, 1.8 +/- 1.3 map units proximal to the catalase locus. The gene order in this region is Cen-Acra-Cf-2-Cas-1-A-Tel. This localization extends the proximal boundary of the known region of homology between mouse chromosome 2 and human chromosome 11p from Cas-1 about 2 map units toward the centromere.
Staphylococcus aureus invades the epithelium in nasal polyposis and induces IL‐6 in nasal epithelial cells in vitro (2010)

Invasion of the epithelium by S. aureus was a phenomenon seen predominantly in CRSwNP. Regardless of an intra- or extracellular localization in the epithelium, S. aureus is capable to induce IL-6 synthesis in vitro and thus may contribute to the TH-2 cytokine pattern in CRSwNP.
Growth of heterostructured III-V nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy for photonic applications (2010)

We report the results on the growth, structural and optical characterization of single wurtzite (WZ) GaAs nanowires as well as WZ GaAs/AlGaAs core-shell nanowires with ZB GaAsSb inserts. For the GaAs/GaAsSb heterojunction both the crystal material and crystal phase change plays a critical role in the exact band alignment. We show that ZB GaAsSb inserts with both WZ and ZB GaAs barriers can be grown and hence both type I and type II band alignment can be achieved which has large effects on the optical properties of the nanowires. We thus demonstrate that it is possible to engineer the band-structure at a semiconductor heterojunction by modulating the crystal material as well as the crystal phase.
Designer deletion strains derived fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae S288C: A useful set of strains and plasmids for PCR-mediated gene disruption and other applications (1998)

A set of yeast strains based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C in which commonly used selectable marker genes are deleted by design based on the yeast genome sequence has been constructed and analysed. These strains minimize or eliminate the homology to the corresponding marker genes in commonly used vectors without significantly affecting adjacent gene expression. Because the homology between commonly used auxotrophic marker gene segments and genomic sequences has been largely or completely abolished, these strains will also reduce plasmid integration events which can interfere with a wide variety of molecular genetic applications. We also report the construction of new members of the pRS400 series of vectors, containing the kanMX, ADE2 and MET15 genes.
Effect of Weight Loss by Diet or Gastric Bypass Surgery on Peptide YY3–36 Levels (2009)

Diabetes status seems to be a determinant of PYY3-36 levels. GBP, but not diet-induced weight loss, resulted in markedly increased glucose-stimulated PYY3-36 levels. The increase in stimulated PYY3-36 levels after GBP is likely a result of the surgery rather than a secondary outcome of weight loss. Changes in PYY3-36 levels and ghrelin could contribute to the success of GBP in sustaining weight loss.
Carbon Nanotubes for Immunomagnetic Separation of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 (2006)

Bovine serum albumin-functionalized multiple-walled carbon nanotubes with encapsulated ferromagnetic elements were conjugated with pathogen-specific antibody, and the conjugate was evaluated for immunomagnetic separation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in pure and mixed (with Salmonella Typhimurium) cultures.
Low-cost all-polymer integrated circuits (1998)

A technology has been developed to make all-polymer integrated circuits. It involves reproducible fabrication of field-effect transistors in which the semiconducting, conducting and insulating parts are all made of polymers. The fabrication on flexible substrates uses spin-coating of electrically active precursors and patternwise exposure of the deposited films. In the whole process stack-integrity is maintained. Vertical interconnects are made mechanically. As a demonstrator for the technology functional 15-bit programmable code generators are fabricated. These circuits still operate when the foils are sharply bent. Due to the limited number of process steps the technology is potentially inexpensive.
Expression of P-glycoprotein on normal lymphocytes: enhancement of the doxorubicin-sensitivity of concanavalin A-responding mouse spleen cells by P-glycoprotein blockers. (1992)

The in vitro proliferative response of mouse spleen cells (SC) to the T-cell mitogen, concanavalin A (ConA), displays a doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant component. This T-cell proliferative response displays a much higher DOX sensitivity in the presence of novel potent inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR), the cyclosporin (Cs) derivative, SDZ PSC 833, and the semi-synthetic cyclopeptolide, SDZ 280-446. Another resistance modulator, verapamil, might share this property, but its detection was impaired by the intrinsic toxicity of this calcium channel blocker for T-cell proliferation. A CD8+ cell-depleted SC suspension displayed a higher sensitivity to DOX alone, as well as a different sensitivity profile to SDZ 280-446. The CD8+ cells that are sensitized to DOX by the resistance modulating agents (RMA) might correspond to a formerly described T-cell subpopulation with the MDR phenotype, which seems to be essentially constituted of CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells. Our results may open the way to a novel form of immunomodulation combining classical antineoplastic agents with Pgp-blocking Cs analogs (even non-immunosuppressive ones), which may be particularly useful when treating acute graft rejection.
Thermoelectricity in polymer composites due to fluctuation-induced tunneling (2015)

Transport in heavily-doped polymer composites, characterized by localized charge regions, is examined in light of the recent interest in polymers for thermoelectric applications. The developed fundamental transport theory describes carrier tunneling between charged localizations by taking into account thermally induced fluctuations of the applied potential. A range of characteristic behaviors corresponding to experimental data are described. Deviations from the Wiedemann-Franz law are also identified. This novel theory enables the determination of factors dominating the transport in polymers and a comparison to tunneling without thermal fluctuations is also provided. The obtained asymptotic expressions for the conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and carrier thermal conductivity are particularly useful for elucidating possible routes for thermoelectric transport control and optimization.
The SF36 health survey questionnaire: an outcome measure suitable for routine use within the NHS? (1993)

These results provide support for the SF36 as a potential measure of patient outcome within the NHS. The SF36 seems acceptable to patients, internally consistent, and a valid measure of the health status of a wide range of patients. Before it can be used in the new health service, however, its sensitivity to changes in health status over time must also be tested.
ATP Citrate Lyase: Activation and Therapeutic Implications in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2008)

Enhanced glucose and lipid metabolism is one of the most common properties of malignant cells. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a key enzyme of de novo fatty acid synthesis responsible for generating cytosolic acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. To evaluate its role in lung cancer progression, we here analyzed ACLY expression in a subset of human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and showed a relationship with the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase-Akt pathway. The introduction of constitutively active Akt into cells enhanced the phosphorylation of ACLY, whereas dominant-negative Akt caused attenuation. In human lung adenocarcinoma samples, ACLY activity was found to be significantly higher than in normal lung tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis further showed phosphorylated ACLY overexpression in 162 tumors, well-correlating with stage, differentiation grade, and a poorer prognosis. Finally, to show the therapeutic potential and mechanism of ACLY inhibition for lung cancer treatment, we assessed the effect of RNA interference targeting ACLY on lipogenesis and cell proliferation in A549 cells. ACLY inhibition resulted in growth arrest in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, increased intracellular lipids were found in ACLY knockdown cells, whereas de novo lipogenesis was inhibited. Supplementation of insulin could rescue the proliferative arrest elicited by ACLY inhibition; however, in contrast, fatty acid palmitate induced cell death. Taken together, these findings suggest that ACLY is involved in lung cancer pathogenesis associated with metabolic abnormality and might offer a novel therapeutic target.
Wellbeing and Education: Issues of Culture and Authority (2007)

Journal Article Wellbeing and Education: Issues of Culture and Authority Get access John White John White School of Educational Foundations and Policy Studies, Institute of Education, University of London, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H OAL, UK Correspondence: John White, School of Educational Foundations and Policy Studies, Institute of Education, University of London, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H OAL, UK. E-mail: j.white@ioe.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 41, Issue 1, February 2007, Pages 17–28, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2007.00540.x Published: 10 April 2007
Photochemical Versus Thermal Mechanisms in Matrix‐assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Probed by Back Side Desorption (1996)

The contribution of photochemical and thermal effects in the formation and ejection of biomolecular ions in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization; (MALDI) is studied by comparing desorption from one-and-the-same sample in two incident laser geometries—irradiating the sample front, or irradiating the back side through a 2000 Å gold layer. Such a set-up results in the efficient decoupling of photoexcitation from thermal processes. Our results indicate that laser-induced photochemistry, e.g. charge transfer reactions between electronically-excited matrix molecules and the analyte, plays a major role in the MALDI process.
Expression of functional CD40 by vascular endothelial cells. (1995)

The interaction between activated vascular endothelium and T cells has been shown to play an important role in the recruitment and activation of T cells at sites of inflammation. Here we report the expression of CD40 by vascular endothelial cells and its regulation by inflammatory agents. Using the soluble recombinant CD40 ligand, sgp39, we show that the interaction of CD40 with its ligand can lead to endothelial cell activation, which in turn leads to leukocyte adhesion. This adhesion is partly mediated by the expression of E-selectin. In addition to E-selectin expression, sgp39 induces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and augments the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. The effects of sgp39 on endothelial cells can be blocked with anti-gp39 monoclonal antibody (mAb), anti-CD40 mAb, or soluble CD40. Staining of tissues from healthy human skin using anti-CD40 mAb showed very weak expression of CD40 by the endothelium, while skin involved in inflammatory disease showed marked upregulation of CD40 expression. These studies suggest that interactions between cell surface proteins expressed by activated T cells with their receptors on vascular endothelium can stimulate the vasculature at sites of inflammation and may be involved in normal inflammatory responses and in inflammatory disease.
Low-Complexity Receiver for Large-MIMO Space-Time Coded Systems (2011)

The substantial gains promised by multi-antenna systems require accurate channel knowledge, at least at the receiver side. Furthermore, the complexity of most receivers becomes unfeasible when the number of transmit antennas gets large (known as "large-MIMO" systems). In this paper, channel estimation by means of cooperative particle swarm optimization (CPSO) and factor-graph based data detection with belief propagation is presented. The overall complexity of the receiver grows linearly with respect to the number of transmit and receive antennas. Numerical results validate the performance of the CPSO channel estimation integrated within a graph-based iterative receiver, including a 24×16 MIMO system.
Influence of Light on Biomass of Soybean in Narrow Strip Cropping of Oat, Corn, and Soybean (2002)

The strip intercropping system has used due to many advantages. Many researches supported these crop systems are usually equal to or better than monoculture crop systems in both total production and profit. There was no research to examine the important ecological factors in the competition between crops. A strip intercropping system composed of adjacent narrow strips of corn, soybean, and oat/legumes has been investigated in Iowa, USA. This study conducted to investigate why and how the differences in soybean yield are produced and affected by light, one of the microclimate, of the strip intercropping system. In height, the two rows of soybean closest to corn were taller than the two rows near the then-empty oat strip. The height of each crop decreased as the amount of light received increased. Weight of plant parts was lowest in row 1, nearest corn, and highest in row 4, next to the vacant oat strip. Daily photon flux density(PFD) increased with increasing distance from corn, with the highest value occurring on the edge next to the empty oat strip. Analyses of the relationship between light and biomass of soybean showed that all biomass measurements had a positive relationship to total PFD per day except height.
Di-isodityrosine, a novel tetrametric derivative of tyrosine in plant cell wall proteins: a new potential cross-link (1996)

A novel amino acid, di-isodityrosine, has been isolated from hydrolysates of cell walls of tomato cell culture. Analysis by UV spectrometry, partial derivatization with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene and mass and NMR spectrometry show that the compound is composed to two molecules of isodityrosine, joined by a biphenyl linkage. The possible reactions involved in the formation of this molecule in vivo are discussed, as is the possibility that it could form an interpolypeptide linkage between cell wall proteins such as extensin, and hence aid in the insolubilization of the protein in the wall.
Inherent limitations in protein–protein docking procedures (2006)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
System for robust bronchoscopic video distortion correction (2011)

Bronchoscopes contain wide-angle lenses that produce a large field of view but suffer from radial distortion. For image-guided bronchoscopy, geometric calibration including distortion correction is essential for comparing video images to renderings developed from 3D computed-tomography (CT) images. This paper describes an easy-to-use system for bronchoscopic video-distortion correction and studies the robustness of the resulting calibration over a wide range of conditions. The internal calibration method integrated into the system incorporates a well-known camera calibration framework devised for general camera-distortion correction. The robustness study considers the calibration results as follows: (1) varying lighting during video capture, (2) using different number of captured images for parameter estimation, (3) changing camera pose with respect to the calibration pattern, (4) recording temporal changes in estimated parameters, and (5) comparing parameters between different bronchoscopes of a same model. Multiple bronchoscopes were successfully calibrated under a variety of conditions.
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and human liver ribonuclease. Identity of structure and linkage of neurotoxicity to nuclease activity. (1992)

Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and human liver RNase were found to be indistinguishable from each other but distinct from the pancreatic ribonucleases in their nucleolytic activity on polynucleotides or small defined substrates. Antibodies to EDN and liver RNase showed identical cross-reactivities in assays of nuclease inhibition and in a radioimmunoassay. In each instance, EDN and liver RNase were easily distinguished from bovine or human pancreatic RNase. When injected intrathecally into rabbits, 5-10 micrograms of EDN or liver RNase each was neurotoxic as judged by induction of the Gordon phenomenon. Human pancreatic RNase was less neurotoxic, and up to 20-fold higher levels of bovine pancreatic RNase showed no effect. Treatment of EDN, liver RNase, and eosinophil cationic protein with iodoacetic acid at pH 5.5 resulted in inactivation of their RNase activity and also destroyed their neurotoxicity. EDN conformation was not greatly affected by iodoacetate treatment since interaction of the modified protein with antibodies was only slightly altered. We conclude that RNase activity is necessary but not sufficient to induce neurotoxic action.
Distinctive western blot antibody patterns induced by infection of mice with individual strains of the Mycobacterium avium complex. (1992)

Systemic infection of mice with organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) induced antibody responses, characteristic for each of the three tested individual strains. The influence of host genetic factors was reflected up to 3 months after infection by the finding of generally oligobanded and multibanded Western blot patterns in C57B1/6 and BALB/c mice, respectively. Nevertheless, more bands developed at 6 months in C57BL/6 mice. The response to three antigens of 18,000, 38,000 and 24,000 MW was analysed in greater detail. Antibodies to a protease-resistant 18,000 MW band produced only by BALB/c mice were either strain specific, following infection with M. avium, strain Maa-B2, or cross-reactive within MAC, following infection with M. avium strain Maa-A6 and M. paratuberculosis, strain Map-203. Another protease-resistant antigen of 38,000 MW was immunogenic only in Maa-B2 infected mice. This constituent was found to be related to the protease-sensitive antigen of corresponding molecular weight from M. tuberculosis. Two 24,000 MW proteins of M. paratuberculosis were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: antibodies to the anodic band were induced by Map-203 infection, whilst the cathodic band was revealed by heteroclitic antibodies from Maa-B2-infected mice. The latter antigen is apparently expressed during in vivo replication, but not during in vitro culture of Maa-B2 bacteria. We generally conclude, that the selective antibody patterns after live infection, could be attributed to differences in the release of native antigens within mycobacterial lesions. In view of a high degree of species specificity, some of the immunogenic constituents identified may also be useful for serodiagnostic application.
Processing and Characterization of Single-Crystalline Ultrafine Bismuth Nanowires (1999)

By pressure injecting Bi liquid melt into the nanochannels of an anodic alumina template, we have successfully fabricated Bi nanowire arrays with ultrafine wire diameters and extremely high wire packing densities. Free-standing Bi nanowires with controlled wire diameters and large aspect ratios (length/diameter) were also obtained by subsequent etching of the alumina template. Various techniques such as SEM, TEM, AFM, EFM, HREM, and XRD have been used to investigate the physical characteristics of these nanowires. The Bi nanowires were found to be dense and continuous and had a uniform diameter throughout the length of the wires. Individual Bi nanowires were shown to be single crystals, and all the wires in an array were highly oriented. An interesting metastable phase of Bi was also observed, which can be attributed to a lattice stress-induced high-pressure phase of Bi formed inside the porous anodic alumina template.
Playing for Data: Ground Truth from Computer Games (2016)

Recent progress in computer vision has been driven by high-capacity models trained on large datasets. Unfortunately, creating large datasets with pixel-level labels has been extremely costly due to the amount of human effort required. In this paper, we present an approach to rapidly creating pixel-accurate semantic label maps for images extracted from modern computer games. Although the source code and the internal operation of commercial games are inaccessible, we show that associations between image patches can be reconstructed from the communication between the game and the graphics hardware. This enables rapid propagation of semantic labels within and across images synthesized by the game, with no access to the source code or the content. We validate the presented approach by producing dense pixel-level semantic annotations for 25 thousand images synthesized by a photorealistic open-world computer game. Experiments on semantic segmentation datasets show that using the acquired data to supplement real-world images significantly increases accuracy and that the acquired data enables reducing the amount of hand-labeled real-world data: models trained with game data and just 1/3 of the CamVid training set outperform models trained on the complete CamVid training set.
A New Type of Fast-Switching Dual-Mode Ferrite Phase Shifter (1987)

A new type of dual-mode phase shifter which uses a transversely magnetized variable field section is described. The device retains the features of the conventional dual-mode phase shifter--low insertion loss, moderate amplitude modulation, adequate frequency bandwidth, simple physical geometry-- which allow it to be considered for use in two-dimensional scanning arrays. However, because of the transverse magnetizing field, the shorted-turn resistance is increased, which results in either reduced switching time or reduced switching energy when compared with the conventional dual-mode unit which utilizes a longitudinal magnetizing field.
The Role of Leukotrienes in Inflammation (1994)

Further data on the in vitro and in vivo activities of the leukotriene inhibitors and antagonists should clarify the role of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of such inflammatory diseases as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Leukotriene inhibitors and antagonists will probably become important agents in the group of anti-inflammatory drugs.