gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecture alternative for wireless data services: interworking with voiceband modem (2002)

The paper describes an architecture that provides wireless data users with the ability to communicate with the wireline data service. This architecture uses a stand-alone interworking function (IWF) that connects to radio port control units (RPCUs) through an intermediate network and connects to the remote service via a remote network. The paper focuses on the architecture that uses X.25 as the intermediate network and PSTN as the remote network to provide voiceband modem services. This solution is similar to an existing serving arrangement which allows ISDN users to interwork with voiceband modems. Call origination, call delivery and automatic link transfer (ALT) for wireless data calls are discussed. Other communication channels between the RPCU and IWF (in lieu of the X.25 connection proposed in the present paper) are possible and many concepts will extend to such alternate architectures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Field-effect induced tunability in hyperbolic metamaterials (2015)

We demonstrate that use of the field effect enables tuning of the effective optical parameters of a layered hyperbolic metamaterial at optical frequencies. Field-effect gating electrically modulates the permittivity in transparent conductive oxides via changes in the carrier density. These permittivity changes lead to active modulation of the effective electromagnetic parameters along with active control of the anisotropic dispersion surface of hyperbolic metamaterials and enable the opening and closing of photonic band gaps. Tunability of the effective electric permittivity and magnetic permeability also leads to topological transitions in the optical dispersion characteristics.
Study of a Linear Femtosecond Laser in Passive and Hybrid Operation (1988)

Astigmatism compensation and stability of a linear mode-locked femtosecond dye laser is analysed. Hybrid and passive mode-locking operation of the astigmatic compensated cavity is discussed. A direct study of the colliding pulse effect is made.
Homologous Subunits of 1,3-Beta-Glucan Synthase Are Important for Spore Wall Assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2006)

During sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the four haploid nuclei are encapsulated within multilayered spore walls. Glucan, the major constituent of the spore wall, is synthesized by 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, which is composed of a putative catalytic subunit encoded by FKS1 and FKS2. Although another homolog, encoded by FKS3, was identified by homology searching, its function is unknown. In this report, we show that FKS2 and FKS3 are required for spore wall assembly. The ascospores of fks2 and fks3 mutants were enveloped by an abnormal spore wall with reduced resistance to diethyl ether, elevated temperatures, and ethanol. However, deletion of the FKS1 gene did not result in a defective spore wall. The construction of fusion genes that expressed Fks1p and Fks2p under the control of the FKS2 promoter revealed that asci transformed with FKS2p-driven Fks1p and Fks2p were resistant to elevated temperatures, which suggests that the expression of FKS2 plays an important role in spore wall assembly. The expression of FKS1p-driven Fks3p during vegetative growth did not affect 1,3-beta-glucan synthase activity in vitro but effectively suppressed the growth defect of the temperature-sensitive fks1 mutant by stabilizing Rho1p, which is a regulatory subunit of glucan synthase. Based on these results, we propose that FKS2 encodes the primary 1,3-beta-glucan synthase in sporulation and that FKS3 is required for normal spore wall formation because it affects the upstream regulation of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase.
Nucleotide sequence, transcriptional analysis, and glucose regulation of the phenoxazinone synthase gene (phsA) from Streptomyces antibioticus (1995)

The nucleotide sequence of a 2.3-kb SphI fragment containing the structural gene (phsA) for phenoxazinone synthase (PHS) of Streptomyces antibioticus was determined. The sequence was found to contain an open reading frame (ORF) with a G+C content of 71.5% oriented in the direction of transcription that was confirmed by primer extension. The ORF encodes a protein with an M(r) of 70,223 consisting of 642 amino acids and is preceded by a potential ribosome-binding site. The codon usage pattern is in agreement with the general pattern for streptomycete genes, with a 92.5 mol% G+C content in the third position. The N-terminal sequence of the mature PHS subunit corresponds exactly to that predicted from the nucleotide sequence. Neither ATG nor GTG initiator codons were identified for the protein. However, a TTG codon was located near the amino terminus of the mature protein and is a good candidate for the initiator codon. The transcriptional start point of phsA was located 36 bp upstream of the start codon by primer extension. The -10 region of the putative promoter showed some similarity to the consensus sequence for the major class of prokaryotic promoters, but the -35 region was less similar. Comparison of the primary amino acid sequence of PHS of S. antibioticus with other amino acid sequences indicated that PHS is a blue copper protein with copper binding domains in the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of the polypeptide chain. A BsrBI fragment containing the promoter region of phsA and a portion of the ORF was shown to promote xylE expression when cloned in the streptomycete promoter probe vector pIJ2843. This phsA promoter-dependent xylE expression could be repressed by glucose in S. antibioticus when the organism was grown on glucose or galactose plus glucose. Thus, the cloned promoter region appears to contain the sequences responsible for catabolite repression of PHS production.
GPR56 in Cancer Progression: Current Status and Future Perspective (2012)

Cell adhesion is a critical process during cancer progression and is mediated by transmembrane receptors. Recently, GPR56, a member of the adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors, was established as a new type of adhesion receptor that binds to extracellular matrix proteins and shown to play inhibitory roles in melanoma progression. Further studies revealed that the extracellular portion and the seven transmembrane domains of GPR56 function antagonistically to regulate VEGF production and angiogenesis via a signaling pathway mediated by PKCα. Tissue transglutaminase was identified as the first extracellular matrix protein that binds to GPR56. It is a crosslinking enzyme in the extracellular matrix but is also expressed in the cytosol. Tissue transglutaminase plays pleiotropic roles in cancer progression. Whether and how it might mediate GPR56-regulated cancer progression awaits further investigation.
Advocating for children of separating parents (1998)

This article draws upon the author's lay experiences of helping two sets of divorcing parents to retain contact and meaningful relationships between their young children and their non-resident fathers. It argues that the failure to take account of past parenting practices in divorce proceedings, to grant children party status and to make independent representation available to them, and to offer child-centred services to help parents to practise shared parenting post-separation, may contribute to the widespread loss of contact between children and their non-resident parents, particularly fathers. The Family Law Act 1996 promises little change.
The MCF10 family of spontaneously immortalized human breast epithelial cell lines (1993)

European Journal of Cancer Prevention aims to promote an increased awareness of all aspects of cancer prevention and to stimulate new ideas and innovations. The Journal has a wide-ranging scope, covering such aspects as descriptive and metabolic epidemiology, histopathology, genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, clinical medicine, intervention trials and public education, basic laboratory studies and special group studies. Although affiliated to a European organization, the journal addresses issues of international importance. Submitted articles undergo a preliminary review by the editor. Some articles may be returned to authors without further consideration. Those being considered for publication will undergo further assessment and peer-review by the editors and those invited to do so from a reviewer pool. Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organization.
Antibacterial Activity of Glutathione-Coated Silver Nanoparticles against Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria (2012)

In the present paper, we study the mechanism of antibacterial activity of glutathione (GSH) coated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on model Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial strains. Interference in bacterial cell replication is observed for both cellular strains when exposed to GSH stabilized colloidal silver in solution, and microbicidal activity was studied when GSH coated Ag NPs are (i) dispersed in colloidal suspensions or (ii) grafted on thiol-functionalized glass surfaces. The obtained results confirm that the effect of dispersed GSH capped Ag NPs (GSH Ag NPs) on Escherichia coli is more intense because it can be associated with the penetration of the colloid into the cytoplasm, with the subsequent local interaction of silver with cell components causing damages to the cells. Conversely, for Staphylococcus aureus, since the thick peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall prevents the penetration of the NPs inside the cytoplasm, the antimicrobial effect is limited and seems related to the interaction with the bacterial surfaces. Experiments on GSH Ag NPs grafted on glass allowed us to elucidate more precisely the antibacterial mechanism, showing that the action is reduced because of GSH coating and the limitation of the translational freedom of NPs.
Quenched molecular dynamics simulations of tuftsin and proposed cyclic analogs (1992)

We have used high-temperature quenched molecular dynamics calculations to investigate the conformational properties of tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) in solution. Conformers obtained after quenching of the dynamical structures were sorted into families depending on their relative energies and backbone conformations. By examination of these families, several cyclic analogues of tuftsin were proposed and examined theoretically by further quenched dynamics simulations. Two of the four proposed analogues were found to adopt essentially identical conformations to that of linear tuftsin. It is suggested that these two derivatives (cyclo[Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Gly] and cyclo[Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Asp]) may be biologically active, and that the introduction of cyclic conformational constraints should help to reduce the entropic penalty to peptide binding.
Novel Approaches and Targets for Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1999)

There is a driving need to develop new and effective treatments for COPD. Bronchodilators are now the mainstay of symptomatic therapy and a new long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator, tiotropium bromide, is now in advanced clinical trials as a once daily dry powder inhaler. Several inflammatory mediators are involved in the chronic neutrophilic inflammation that typifies COPD, including leukotriene B(4) and interleukin 8, for which specific receptor antagonists have been developed. Since the inflammatory process in COPD is essentially steroid resistant, new antiinflammatory treatments are needed. Drugs that may be effective include phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, NF-kappaB inhibitors, and interleukin 10. Inhibition of proteases is another approach and inhibitors of neutrophil elastase, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteases are now in clinical development. Supply of endogenous antiproteases, such as alpha(1)-antitrypsin and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitors as recombinant proteins or by gene transfer, is also being explored. In future drugs that may stimulate alveolar repair might be developed, including retinoid receptor agonists and hepatic growth factor. Future directions will include earlier detection of disease, gene profiling to identify which smokers are at risk of COPD, and the development of noninvasive surrogate markers to monitor disease activity in order to monitor new therapies. Identification of genes that confer a risk for COPD in smokers may identify novel targets for drug development. Barnes PJ. Novel approaches and targets for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
miR‐10a restores human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by repressing KLF4 (2013)

miRNAs have recently been shown to play a significant role in human aging. However, data demonstrating the effects of aging-related miRNAs in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are limited. We observed that hMSC differentiation decreased with aging. We also identified that miR-10a expression was significantly decreased with age by comparing the miRNA expression of hMSCs derived from young and aged individuals. Therefore, we hypothesized that the downregulation of miR-10a may be associated with the decreased differentiation capability of hMSCs from aged individuals. Lentiviral constructs were used to up- or downregulate miR-10a in young and old hMSCs. Upregulation of miR-10a resulted in increased differentiation to adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages and in reduced cell senescence. Conversely, downregulation of miR-10a resulted in decreased cell differentiation and increased cell senescence. A chimeric luciferase reporter system was generated, tagged with the full-length 3'-UTR region of KLF4 harboring the seed-matched sequence with or without four nucleotide mutations. These constructs were cotransfected with the miR-10a mimic into cells. The luciferase activity was significantly repressed by the miR-10a mimic, proving the direct binding of miR-10a to the 3'-UTR of KLF4. Direct suppression of KLF4 in aged hMSCs increased cell differentiation and decreased cell senescence. In conclusion, miR-10a restores the differentiation capability of aged hMSCs through repression of KLF4. Aging-related miRNAs may have broad applications in the restoration of cell dysfunction caused by aging.
UV saturable absorber for short-pulse KrF laser systems (1989)

A derivative of the linear tricyclic compound, acridine, is shown to be useful as a saturable absorber for short-pulse KrF lasers. The saturation characteristics and absorption recovery of a methanol solution of acridine for a 20-psec KrF laser pulse are reported. We obtain a saturation fluence of 1.2 mJ/cm(2) and a ratio of the primary to the excited absorption cross section of 6.25:1.
Stress-controlled transcription factors, stress-induced genes and stress tolerance in budding yeast (2000)

The transcriptional response to environmental changes is a major topic in both basic and applied research. From a basic point of view, to understand this response includes unravelling how the stress signal is sensed and transduced to the nucleus, to identify which genes are induced under each stress condition and, finally, to establish the phenotypic consequences of this induction in stress tolerance. The possibility of using genetic approaches has made the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae a compelling model to study stress response at a molecular level. Moreover, this information can be used to isolate and characterise stress-related proteins in higher eukaryotes and to design strategies to increase stress resistance in organisms of industrial interest. In this review the progress made in recent years is discussed.
Cholinergic control of rabbit tracheal transepithelial potential difference in vivo (1996)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of airway epithelial ion transport in vivo. Rabbits were anaesthetized and mechanically-ventilated through a cannula inserted above the carina. The upper tracheal mucosa was exposed, and the electrical potential difference (PD) between the mucosal surface and the submucosal space was continuously measured by a high-impedance voltmeter under open-circuit conditions. Perfusion of the mucosa with atropine caused a rapid decline in PD from -20.1+/-2.0 to -15.2+/-0.9 mV (p<0.01), whereas phentolamine, propranolol, or the tachykinin antagonist, FK224, had no effect. Cutting both cervical vagus nerves decreased PD to the same degree as did atropine. Exogenously applied acetylcholine increased PD in a dose-dependent manner. Topical application of ipratropium bromide reduced the baseline value PD in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal decrease in PD was 43 +/- 0.3 mV (p<0.01), and the dose required to produce a half-maximal effect was 34 microg. Perfusion with either amiloride, a Na channel blocker, and diphenylamine-2-carboxylate, a Cl channel blocker, decreased the baseline PD, and the subsequent application of ipratropium bromide further decreased the PD in each case. We conclude that a cholinergic neural component may play a role in the generation of tracheal potential difference in vivo, probably involving stimulation by endogenously released acetylcholine of both Cl secretion and Na absorption across the airway epithelium.
Binding strength and specificity in DNA interactions: the design of A.cntdot.T specific intercalators (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding strength and specificity in DNA interactions: the design of A.cntdot.T specific intercalatorsW. David Wilson, Yueh Hwa Wang, S. Kusuma, S. Chandrasekaran, N. C. Yang, and David W. BoykinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 17, 4989–4995Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00303a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00303a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studies on interface states at ultrathin SiO2/Si(100) interfaces by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under biases and their passivation by cyanide treatment (1998)

The energy distribution of interface states at ultrathin oxide/Si(100) interfaces is obtained using a new method, i.e., x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements under biases between the metal overlayer and the Si substrate of the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. Ultrathin thermal oxide layers formed at 450 °C in oxygen have an interface state peak near the midgap and it is attributed to isolated Si dangling bonds with which no atoms in the oxide layer interact. On the other hand, thermal oxide layers formed at 650 °C have a two-peaked structure, one peak above and the other below the midgap, and they are attributed to Si dangling bonds with which an oxygen or Si atom in the oxide layer interacts weakly. The density of the interface states, especially that near the midgap, decreases drastically by cyanide treatment, i.e., the immersion of Si in a KCN solution for a few seconds followed by a rinse in boiling water, performed before the oxide formation. It is suggested that cyanide ions penetrate into the Si, forming Si–CN bonds at structurally imperfect places. The cyanide treatment improves the electrical characteristics of the MOS tunneling diodes.
Electrospray Post-Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Electrosurgical Aerosols (2011)

The feasibility of electrospray (ES) ionization of aerosols generated by electrosurgical disintegration methods was investigated. Although electrosurgery itself was demonstrated to produce gaseous ions, post-ionization methods were implemented to enhance the ion yield, especially in those cases when the ion current produced by the applied electrosurgical method is not sufficient for MS analysis. Post-ionization was implemented by mounting an ES emitter onto a Venturi pump, which is used for ion transfer. The effect of various parameters including geometry, high voltage setting, flow parameters, and solvent composition was investigated in detail. Experimental setups were optimized accordingly. ES post-ionization was found to yield spectra similar to those obtained by the REIMS technique, featuring predominantly lipid-type species. Signal enhancement was 20- to 50-fold compared with electrosurgical disintegration in positive mode, while no improvement was observed in negative mode. ES post-ionization was also demonstrated to allow the detection of non-lipid type species in the electrosurgical aerosol, including drug molecules. Since the tissue specificity of the MS data was preserved in the ES post-ionization setup, feasibility of tissue identification was demonstrated using different electrosurgical methods.
RnaGel(R), a novel calcium- and aluminium-free phosphate binder, inhibits phosphate absorption in normal volunteers (1997)

RenaGel is a safe, effective, and well tolerated phosphate binder in normal volunteers. The degree of phosphate binding consistent with its potential use as a phosphate binder in renal failure patients.
The Novel Oral Typhoid Vaccine M01ZH09 Is Well Tolerated and Highly Immunogenic in 2 Vaccine Presentations (2005)

The oral typhoid vaccine M01ZH09 is well tolerated and highly immunogenic in a single oral dose, with and without prevaccination with a bicarbonate buffer. Field studies to demonstrate protective efficacy are planned.
Haemodynamic Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Humans with Normal and Impaired Left Ventricular Function (1995)

1. Continuous positive airway pressure increases intrathoracic pressure, thereby decreasing left ventricular preload and afterload. We hypothesized that there would be a dose-related alteration in cardiac and stroke volume indices in response to continuous positive airway pressure in normal subjects and patients with congestive heart failure and that the direction of response among those with heart failure would be related to left ventricular preload. 2. Cardiac and stroke volume indices were measured at baseline and after 10 min of continuous positive airway pressure at both 5 and 10 cmH2O (0.5 and 0.99 kPa respectively) in 16 patients with heart failure and five control subjects with normal cardiac function. Among the eight patients with heart failure and elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (> or = 12 mmHg) (> or = 1.6 kPa), cardiac index increased from 2.47 +/- 0.34 at baseline to 2.91 +/- 0.32 to 3.12 +/- 0.40 l min-1 m-2 (P < 0.025) while on 5 and 10 cm H2O of continuous positive airway pressure respectively. In the same patients stroke volume index increased from 27.8 +/- 3.9 to 33.9 +/- 4.2 to 36.8 +/- 5.5 ml/m2 (P < 0.05). In contrast, in both the control subjects and patients with heart failure and normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (< 12 mmHg) there was a dose-related decrease in cardiac and stroke volume indices while on continuous positive airway pressure. 3. Continuous positive airway pressure causes dose-related increases in cardiac and stroke volume indices among patients with chronic heart failure and elevated left ventricular filling pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)