gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scene recognition and weakly supervised object localization with deformable part-based models (2011)

Weakly supervised discovery of common visual structure in highly variable, cluttered images is a key problem in recognition. We address this problem using deformable part-based models (DPM's) with latent SVM training [6]. These models have been introduced for fully supervised training of object detectors, but we demonstrate that they are also capable of more open-ended learning of latent structure for such tasks as scene recognition and weakly supervised object localization. For scene recognition, DPM's can capture recurring visual elements and salient objects; in combination with standard global image features, they obtain state-of-the-art results on the MIT 67-category indoor scene dataset. For weakly supervised object localization, optimization over latent DPM parameters can discover the spatial extent of objects in cluttered training images without ground-truth bounding boxes. The resulting method outperforms a recent state-of-the-art weakly supervised object localization approach on the PASCAL-07 dataset.
Reactions of lithiated ortho-toluamides and related compounds with vinylsilanes: Syntheses of 1-tetralones and 1-naphthols. (1990)

The reaction of lithiated ortho-toluamides and related species with vinylsilanes was examined in order to develop a new, convenient synthesis of 1-tetralones and 1-naphthols.
Very Fast EM-Based Mixture Model Clustering Using Multiresolution Kd-Trees (1998)

Clustering is importantinmany fields including manufacturing, biology, finance, and astronomy. Mixture models are a popular approach due to their statistical foundations, and EM is a very popular method for finding mixture models. EM, however, requires many accesses of the data, and thus has been dismissed as impractical (e.g. (Zhang, Ramakrishnan, &amp;amp; Livny, 1996)) for data mining of enormous datasets.
Selective fluorescent ligands for pharmacological receptors (1994)

Abstract Receptor‐selective fluorescent ligands have come into increasing use as scientific tools for the study of receptor physiology and pathophysiology at the cellular and even the subcellular level. Furthermore, they are being increasingly investigated as tools in drug discovery research. In both cases, techniques employing receptor‐selective fluorescent ligands have proved to be complementary to, and in several cases even superior to, the traditional‐radioligand based techniques. Increasing costs and public concerns associated with radioactive isotope use and dispersal are also making the use of fluoresecent ligands more attractive in research and diagnostic use. With the increasing rate of discovery of new receptors and receptor subtypes and newer more potent and/or selective receptor ligands and drugs, there will be an accompanying need for the design and development of new highly potent and selective fluorescent ligands to aid in the investigation of the physiological and pathophysiological functions of these new receptors and also in the development of drugs acting specifically at these receptors. This review presents a background of development of selected fluorescent ligands, primarily those for small molecule and small peptide based ligands. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of horseradish peroxidase in transgenic tobacco (1995)

Conference Article| May 01 1995 Expression of horseradish peroxidase in transgenic tobacco A. Pellegrineschi; A. Pellegrineschi *Department of Biology, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Kis; M. Kis †Institute of Plant Physiology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar I. Dix; I. Dix *Department of Biology, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar T. A. Kavanagh; T. A. Kavanagh ‡Department of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. J. Dix P. J. Dix *Department of Biology, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (2): 247–250. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230247 Article history Received: November 11 1994 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A. Pellegrineschi, M. Kis, I. Dix, T. A. Kavanagh, P. J. Dix; Expression of horseradish peroxidase in transgenic tobacco. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1995; 23 (2): 247–250. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230247 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: HRP, horseradish peroxidase, CaMV, cauliflower mosaic virus This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A toolbox of endogenous and heterologous nuclear localization sequences for the methylotrophic yeastPichia pastoris (2015)

Nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) are required for the import of proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotes. However many proteins from bacteria or bacteriophages are used for basic studies in molecular biology, to generate synthetic genetic circuits or for genome editing applications. Prokaryotic recombinases, CRISPR-associated proteins such as Cas9 or bacterial and viral polymerases require efficient NLSs to function in eukaryotes. The yeast Pichia pastoris is a widely used expression platform for heterologous protein production, but molecular tools such as NLSs are limited. Here we have characterized a set of 10 NLSs for P. pastoris, including the first endogenous NLSs (derived from P. pastoris proteins) and commonly used heterologous NLSs. The NLSs were evaluated by fusing them in N- and C-terminal position to an enhanced green fluorescent protein showing pronounced differences in fluorescence levels and nuclear targeting. Thereby we provide a set of different NLSs that can be applied to optimize the nuclear import of heterologous proteins in P. pastoris, paving the way for the establishment of intricate synthetic biology applications.
Copolymerization of CO2 and 1,2-Cyclohexene Oxide Using a CO2-Soluble Chromium Porphyrin Catalyst (1999)

The copolymerization of 1,2-cyclohexene oxide (CHO) with carbon dioxide was performed, using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as both solvent and reactant, to produce an aliphatic polycarbonate. A CO2-soluble catalyst, tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin chromium(III) chloride (CrTFPPCl), was synthesized and used to catalyze the polymerization in the presence of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) as cocatalyst. The best yields for the copolymerization (up to ∼75%) were obtained in the temperature range 95−110 °C over a period of 18 h, with a molar ratio of catalyst to monomer of 2.6 × 10-3. High catalyst efficiencies (3.9 kg of polymer/g of Cr) were observed under these conditions. The copolymers consisted predominantly of carbonate linkages (90−97%), and the chain microstructure was analyzed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Gel permeation chromatography revealed number-average molecular weights (Mn) of the order of 3500. In contrast to previous studies involving supercritical CO2, narrow polymer molecular weight distributions were observed throughout (Mw/Mn < 1.4).
HANDICAPPED PERSONS Physically Handicapped: Establish Personal Attendant Care Program (1988)

The Act provides for an at-home personal attendant care program for the disabled. The program is to be administered by the Department of Human Resources.
Watson-Crick base-pairing properties of bicyclo-DNA (1996)

A series of sequences of the DNA analog bicyclo-DNA, 6-12 nucleotides in length and containing all four natural nucleobases, were prepared and their Watson-Crick pairing properties with complementary RNA and DNA, as well as in its own series, were analyzed by UV-melting curves and CD-spectroscopy. The results can be summarized as follows: bicyclo-DNA forms stable Watson-Crick duplexes with complementary RNA and DNA, the duplexes with RNA generally being more stable than those with DNA. Pyrimidine-rich bicyclo-DNA sequences form duplexes of equal or slightly increased stability with DNA or RNA, whereas purine-rich sequences show decreased affinity to complementary DNA and RNA when compared with wild-type (DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA) duplexes. In its own system, bicyclo-DNA prefers antiparallel strand alignment and strongly discriminates for base mismatches. Duplexes are always inferior in stability compared with the natural ones. A detailed analysis of the thermodynamic properties was performed with the sequence 5'-GGATGGGAG-3'x 5'-CTCCCATCC-3' in both backbone systems. Comparison of the pairing enthalpy and entropy terms shows an enthalpic advantage for DNA association (delta deltaH = -18 kcal x (mol)-1)) and an entropic advantage for bicyclo-DNA association (delta deltaS = 49 cal x K(-1) x mol(-1), leading to a delta deltaG 25 degrees C of -3.4 kcal x mol(-1) in favor of the natural duplex. The salt dependence of Tm for this sequence is more pronounced in the case of bicyclo-DNA due to increased counter ion screening from the solvent. Furthermore bicyclo-DNA sequences are more stable towards snake venom phosphodiesterase by a factor of 10-20, and show increased stability in fetal calf serum by a factor of 8 compared with DNA.
A Frequency-Domain Interpretation of Echoes and their Effect on Teletext Data Reception (1979)

The interpretation of echoes in terms of ripples in the amplitude and group delay of a system is analyzed and discussed. Simple relationships are given, valid for most practical purposes for echo levels up to at least 10-20 percent. Scre general applications are considered, including determination of SAW filter triple transit frcm group delay ripple rate and amplitude. For this paper the relationships were used to represent echoes due to multipath. A computer program for television system analysis used these echoes as an input and eye diagrams were plotted for different echo levels and tines, for both ideal and real systems. Computer simulation of a data decoder, which extends the analytical approach to include direct assessrent of errors as a function of decoding threshold, is described but not used herein. Ihe analytical approach appears to be promising and will be applied to a greater number of echo and real system combinations as time permits.
Transcriptional Repression of the Interleukin-2 Gene by Vitamin D 3 : Direct Inhibition of NFATp/AP-1 Complex Formation by a Nuclear Hormone Receptor (1995)

T-lymphocyte proliferation is suppressed by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], the active metabolite of vitamin D3, and is associated with a decrease in interleukin 2 (IL-2), gamma interferon, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA levels. We report here that 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated repression in Jurkat cells is cycloheximide resistant, suggesting that it is a direct transcriptional repressive effect on IL-2 expression by the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR). We therefore examined vitamin D3-mediated repression of activated IL-2 expression by cotransfecting Jurkat cells with IL-2 promoter/reporter constructs and a VDR overexpression vector and by DNA binding. We delineated an element conferring both DNA binding by the receptor in vitro and 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated repression in vivo to a short 40-bp region encompassing an important positive regulatory element, NF-AT-1, which is bound by a T-cell-specific transcription factor, NFATp, as well as by AP-1. VDR DNA-binding mutants were unable to either bind to this element in vitro or repress in vivo; the VDR DNA-binding domain alone, however, bound the element but also could not repress IL-2 expression. These results indicate that DNA binding by VDR is necessary but not sufficient to mediate IL-2 repression. By combining partially purified proteins in vitro, we observed the loss of the bound NFATp/AP-1-DNA complex upon inclusion of VDR or VDR-retinoid X receptor. Order of addition and off-rate experiments indicate that the VDR-retinoid X receptor heterodimer blocks NFATp/AP-1 complex formation and then stably associates with the NF-AT-1 element. This direct inhibition by a nuclear hormone receptor of transcriptional activators of the IL-2 gene may provide a mechanistic explanation of how vitamin derivatives can act as potent immunosuppressive agents.
Resveratrol mitigates lipopolysaccharide-mediated acute inflammation in rats by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κBp65/MAPKs signaling cascade (2017)

Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural compound exhibiting anti-inflammatory effect, but the anti-inflammatory mechanism has not been fully understood. This study is aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of RSV in lipopolysaccharides-induced rats' model. The visceral wet/dry weight ratios and the changes of hematologic and biochemical indices indicated that LPS- stimulation mainly caused damages to liver and lung, while pretreatment with RSV could alleviate the lesions. The cytokine assays showed that RSV could markedly decrease the production of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines (IL-1, IL-1β, IL-6, NO, iNOS and COX-2), and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory mediator (IL-10). RSV could inhibit TLR4 signaling pathway by down-regulating the mRNA levels of MyD88 and TRAF6, and suppressing the TLR4 protein. RSV could inhibit the signaling cascades of NF-κBp65 and MAPKs through down-regulating the mRNA levels of IκBα, p38MAPK, JNK, ERK1, ERK2 and ERK5 in liver and lung, and suppressing the dynamic changes of proteins and phosphorylated proteins including IκBα, NF-κBp65, p38MAPK, JNK, ERK1/2 and ERK5 from tissue's cytoplasm to nucleus. In conclusion, RSV possessed a therapeutic effect on LPS-induced inflammation in rats and the mechanism mainly attributed to suppressing the signaling cascades of NF-κBp65 and MAPKs by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway.
On the design principles of the functional link nets (2002)

A necessary and sufficient condition for the nonexistence of a local stationary point for functional link nets is derived. The condition reveals the dependency of training errors on the rank of training samples and functional links and provides a guideline for selection of the functional links as well as training samples. An analytical solution is characterized, showing that the training task in the functional link nets can be reduced to solving a set of linear equations. A learning algorithm based on the recursive-least squares estimation method is proposed. Numerical examples are presented to substantiate the theoretical arguments
GaN tunnel junction as a current aperture in a blue surface-emitting light-emitting diode (2002)

We have demonstrated surface-emitting GaN-based diodes with a buried tunnel junction (TJ) current aperture. The current confinement aperture for lateral injection current was defined by mesa etch of a TJ structure and regrowth of current blocking layer surrounding the TJ mesa. Lateral electron current drives a tunnel contact junction providing hole injection into the active region. The very uniform light emission just through a buried TJ aperture represents that the buried TJ structure acts very effectively as a confinement aperture of lateral current injection, particularly in GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.
Pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine as a Purine Bioisostere: Access to Potent Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (R)-Roscovitine Analogue (2009)

Pharmacological inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have a wide therapeutic potential. Among the CDK inhibitors currently under clinical trials, the 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine (R)-roscovitine displays rather high selectivity, low toxicity, and promising antitumor activity. In an effort to improve this structure, we synthesized several bioisosteres of roscovitine. Surprisingly, one of them, pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine 7a (N-&-N1, GP0210), displayed significantly higher potency, compared to (R)-roscovitine and imidazo[2,1-f]-1,2,4-triazine 13 (N-&-N2, GP0212), at inhibiting various CDKs and at inducing cell death in a wide variety of human tumor cell lines. This approach may thus provide second generation analogues with enhanced biomedical potential.
ChemInform Abstract: IMIPRAMINE DERIVATIVES‐ AMINOMETHYLATION OF DIPHENYLAMINE AND IMINODIBENZYL (1977)

Abstract Bei der Mannich‐Reaktion mit den Aminen (II) werden die Arylamine (I) und (IV) in p‐Stellung zu dem aromatischen N‐Atom zu den Derivaten (III) bzw. (V) aminomethyliert.
Applications of microwave, ultrasound, and radiofrequency heating. (1982)

Different needs must be considered in the control of localized tumors or disseminated disease when deep heating techniques are used. For localized disease, various electromagnetic microwaves, radiofrequency currents and high-powered ultrasound sources are being used. At the present time, each approach has its own strengths and limitations. Microwave and inductive approaches appear to be useful only for surface lesions. Radiofrequency currents, generated by pairs of plates, give more deeper heating in the body, but excessive heating occurs in fatty layers related to high resistivity of the tissue and sometimes near the edge of the applicators. In an invasive approach, needles are implanted into the tumor and excited by a radiofrequency source. Considerable clinical successes are claimed for local heating of the lesion with this approach, but it is only useful for specific sites of the body. Ultrasound has special advantages for both surface or deep-seated soft tissues due to its flexibility and its ability to focus the beam onto the lesion. However, ultrasound cannot be used in the chest cavity or near bone, and the dosimetry is not defined at present. For disseminated disease, much larger regions, particularly in the chest cavity, can be heated, with the hope that the reduced blood circulation in some tumors can achieve a preferential heating in the lesion. Several microwave and inductive heating approaches are being used or considered in the achievement of this goal.
Laser light triggered smart release of silibinin from a PEGylated–PLGA gold nanocomposite (2015)

In this work a new remotely-triggered drug delivery system based on PEG-PLGA_Au nanocomposite is proposed. Due to the optical properties of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), the nanovector allows on-demand control of the dose, the timing and the duration of the drug release, upon irradiation with red laser light. The Au NPs are synthesized by laser ablation and subsequently embedded into the PEG-PLGA copolymer via a modified emulsion-diffusion method, devised in such a way that both Au NPs and silibinin (SLB), a flavonolignan with promising anti-neoplastic effects, can be co-loaded into the polymeric system in a single step procedure. A combination of analytical techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), static and dynamic light scattering (SLS, DLS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning/transmission electron microscopies (SEM/STEM/TEM), have been used to study the structural and morphological properties of the nanocomposite. The loading efficiency and the drug content, evaluated by UV-vis absorption optical spectroscopy, are 89% and 8.8%, respectively. Upon laser irradiation the system releases the encapsulated drug with a higher efficiency (∼10%) than that without irradiation. This behaviour indicates that our nanoplatform is responsive to light and it could be considered a promising new type of light-activated drug delivery carrier applicable to the biomedical field.
Physical mapping of the 5 Mb D9S196‐D9S180 interval harboring the basal cell nevus syndrome gene and localization of six genes in this region (1997)

The basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) is characterized by multiple basal cell carcinomas and diverse developmental defects. The gene responsible for this syndrome has been mapped previously to a 2 cM interval between D9S196 and D9S180 at 9q22.3, and very recently mutations of a candidate gene in this region—the human homolog of the Drosophila patched gene—have been identified. We report here on physical mapping studies integrating a contig of yeast artificial chromosomes and bacterial artificial chromosomes with a long-range map spanning approximately 5 Mb between the recombination-determined flanking markers. Six genes have been mapped to this interval. Genes Chromosom. Cancer 18:305–309, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression: Video Coding for Next-generation Multimedia (2003)

About the Author.Foreword.Preface.Glossary.1. Introduction.2. Video Formats and Quality.3. Video Coding Concepts.4. The MPEG-4 and H.264 Standards.5. MPEG-4 Visual.6. H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10.7. Design and Performance.8. Applications and Directions.Bibliography.Index.
Induction of α-Synuclein Aggregation by Intracellular Nitrative Insult (2001)

Brain lesions containing filamentous and aggregated alpha-synuclein are hallmarks of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the formation of these lesions. Using HEK 293 cells stably transfected with wild-type and mutant alpha-synuclein, we demonstrated that intracellular generation of nitrating agents results in the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates. Cells were exposed simultaneously to nitric oxide- and superoxide-generating compounds, and the intracellular formation of peroxynitrite was demonstrated by monitoring the oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 and the nitration of alpha-synuclein. Light microscopy using antibodies against alpha-synuclein and electron microscopy revealed the presence of perinuclear aggregates under conditions in which peroxynitrite was generated but not when cells were exposed to nitric oxide- or superoxide-generating compounds separately. alpha-Synuclein aggregates were observed in 20-30% of cells expressing wild-type or A53T mutant alpha-synuclein and in 5% of cells expressing A30P mutant alpha-synuclein. No evidence of synuclein aggregation was observed in untransfected cells or cells expressing beta-synuclein. In contrast, selective inhibition of the proteasome resulted in the formation of aggregates detected with antibodies to ubiquitin in the majority of the untransfected cells and cells expressing alpha-synuclein. However, alpha-synuclein did not colocalize with these aggregates, indicating that inhibition of the proteasome does not promote alpha-synuclein aggregation. In addition, proteasome inhibition did not alter the steady-state levels of alpha-synuclein, but addition of the lysosomotropic agent ammonium chloride significantly increased the amount of alpha-synuclein, indicating that lysosomes are involved in degradation of alpha-synuclein. Our data indicate that nitrative and oxidative insult may initiate pathogenesis of alpha-synuclein aggregates.