gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uracil–DNA Glycosylase Expression Determines Human Lung Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Pemetrexed (2013)

Abstract Uracil misincorporation into DNA is a consequence of pemetrexed inhibition of thymidylate synthase. The base excision repair (BER) enzyme uracil–DNA glycosylase (UNG) is the major glycosylase responsible for removal of misincorporated uracil. We previously illustrated hypersensitivity to pemetrexed in UNG−/− human colon cancer cells. Here, we examined the relationship between UNG expression and pemetrexed sensitivity in human lung cancer. We observed a spectrum of UNG expression in human lung cancer cells. Higher levels of UNG are associated with pemetrexed resistance and are present in cell lines derived from pemetrexed-resistant histologic subtypes (small cell and squamous cell carcinoma). Acute pemetrexed exposure induces UNG protein and mRNA, consistent with upregulation of uracil–DNA repair machinery. Chronic exposure of H1299 adenocarcinoma cells to increasing pemetrexed concentrations established drug-resistant sublines. Significant induction of UNG protein confirmed upregulation of BER as a feature of acquired pemetrexed resistance. Cotreatment with the BER inhibitor methoxyamine overrides pemetrexed resistance in chronically exposed cells, underscoring the use of BER-directed therapeutics to offset acquired drug resistance. Expression of UNG-directed siRNA and shRNA enhanced sensitivity in A549 and H1975 cells, and in drug-resistant sublines, confirming that UNG upregulation is protective. In human lung cancer, UNG deficiency is associated with pemetrexed-induced retention of uracil in DNA that destabilizes DNA replication forks resulting in DNA double-strand breaks and cell death. Thus, in experimental models, UNG is a critical mediator of pemetrexed sensitivity that warrants evaluation to determine clinical value. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(10); 2248–60. ©2013 AACR.
Kinetic study of furfural formation accompanying supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. (1992)

Furfural formation from xylose is a typical successive reaction in which the furfural produced in a reactor disappears by side reactions such as polymerization and decomposition. In this work we investigated the effect of the extraction of furfural by supercritical CO2 on the selectivity and yield of the furfural. Furthermore, based on kinetic data we proposed a reaction model for farfural formation with or without supercritical CO2 extraction.Judging from the experimental results, the recovery of furfaral from the reaction mixture by supercritical CO2 extraction greatly improved the selectivity and yield of the furfural owing to the suppression of its side reactions. A simple reaction model could represent satisfactorily the change in furfural selectivity and yield with the xylose conversion for the reaction without supereritical CO2 extraction, while the model could explain fairly well the reaction accompanying supercritical CO2 extraction.
Listening to dementia: A new paradigm for theology? (2001)

The paper describes ways in which a theological reflection on the relationship between two women, one diagnosed as suffering from Alzheimer's disease and the other her carer, allowed a ‘paradigm shift’ to emerge: a change of understanding which was not possible from the previous standpoint. Feminist critical theory provided the analytical tools with which to engage critically with the experience of dementia suffering independently of conventional medical opinion. By seeing dementia from the viewpoint of an individual person's story, a new perspective is gained on the nature of the relationship between carer and cared for. In particular, dementia suffering reveals the deep human need, initiated by God, to forge relationships which are interdependent and mutually life-giving. Such ways of relating are at the heart of God's divine love for humanity and embody a hope, in the face of injustice, for human healing and wholeness.
Synthesis of 2,2‐dimethyl‐13C2‐propionitrile‐1‐13C and its conversion to triply carbon‐132labeled dowco 429 insecticide (1990)

Abstract A convenient synthesis of triply carbon‐13 labeled 2,2‐dimethyl‐ 13 C 2 ‐propionitrile‐1‐ 13 C is described. The synthetic sequence begins with commercially available propionic acid‐1‐ 13 C and methyl iodide‐ 13 C with the application of a sequential dianion alkylation. The 2,2‐dimethyl‐ 13 C 2 ‐propionitrile‐1‐ 13 C was carried on to triply labeled DOWCO 429 insecticide for use in residue and metabolism studies.
Supramolecular Assemblies of Diacetylenic Aldonamides (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupramolecular Assemblies of Diacetylenic AldonamidesDavid A. Frankel and David F. O'BrienCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 22, 10057–10069Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00101a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00101a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views611Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Measuring a decade of progress in Text-to-Speech (2014)

The Blizzard Challenge offers a unique insight into progress in text-to-speech synthesis over the last decade. By using a very large listening test to compare the performance of a wide range of systems that have been constructed using a common corpus of speech recordings, it is possible to make some direct comparisons between competing techniques. By reviewing over a hundred papers describing all entries to the Challenge since 2005, we can make a useful summary of the most successful techniques adopted by participating teams, as well as drawing some conclusions about where the Blizzard Challenge has succeeded, and where there are still open problems in cross-system comparisons of text-to-speech synthesisers.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2004)

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a challenging diagnosis. This article provides an overview of this disorder and what nurses need to know to provide care to patients with this potentially life-threatening disorder.
GSound: Interactive Sound Propagation for Games (2011)

We present a sound propagation and rendering system for generating realistic environmental acoustic effects in real time for game-like scenes. The system uses ray tracing to sample triangles that are visible to a listener at an arbitrary depth of reflection. Sound reflection and diffraction paths from each sound source to the listener are then validated using ray-based occlusion queries. Frame-to-frame caching of propagation paths is performed to improve the consistency and accuracy of the output. Furthermore, we present a flexible framework, which takes a small fraction of CPU cycles for time-critical scenarios. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical approach that can generate realistic sound and auralization for games on current platforms.
GPS-Based Addressing and Routing (1996)

This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.Discussion
Estradiol Regulates Susceptibility following Primary Exposure to Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, while Progesterone Induces Inflammation (2005)

We report here that sex hormones modulate susceptibility to a sexually transmitted viral agent, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), in a mouse model. Ovariectomized mice were administered either saline (control), estradiol (E(2)), progesterone (P(4)), or a combination of both estradiol and progesterone (E+P) and infected intravaginally with HSV-2. With an inoculation dose of 10(5) PFU, the saline- and P(4)-treated mice were found to be highly susceptible to genital HSV-2 infection. Both groups had extensive pathology and high viral titers in vaginal secretions, and 100% of mice succumbed by day 4 postinfection. E(2)-treated mice were protected from HSV-2 infection at the same dose and did not display any vaginal pathology or viral shedding. There was a slow progression of genital pathology in the combination hormone-treated group, along with prolonged viral shedding; 80% of animals succumbed by day 13. With lower inoculation doses of 10(3) and 10(2) PFU, 50 and 100%, respectively, of the combination hormone-treated mice survived. Localization of HSV-2 infection showed extensive infection in the vaginal epithelium of P(4)- and saline-treated animals within 24 h of inoculation. E(2)-treated animals were clear of infection, while the E+P-treated group had focal infection at 24 h that had progressed extensively by day 3. Infection was accompanied by persistent inflammation and infiltration of neutrophils in the P(4)-treated group. An analysis of the genes in the vaginal tissue showed that inflammation in the P(4)-treated group correlated with local induction of chemokines and chemokine receptors that were absent in the E(2)-treated mice and in uninfected P(4)-treated mice. The results show that sex hormones regulate initiation of infection and immune responses to genital HSV-2 infection.
Amphiregulin is a mitogen for adult neural stem cells (2002)

Neurons are continuously generated from stem cells in the hippocampus and along the lateral ventricles in the adult brain. Neural stem cells can be propagated in vitro in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or fibroblast growth factor-2. We report here that amphiregulin, a growth factor related to EGF, is a mitogen for adult mouse neural stem cells in vitro and displays potency similar to that of EGF. Neural stem cell cultures can be initiated and the cells propagated as efficiently in the presence of amphiregulin only as with EGF. Furthermore, we show that amphiregulin is expressed in the choroid plexus of the ventricular system and in the hippocampus in the adult brain, suggesting that amphiregulin may participate in the regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult brain.
Well-Defined Diblock Macromonomer with a Norbornene Group at Block Junction: Anionic Living Linking Synthesis and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTWell-Defined Diblock Macromonomer with a Norbornene Group at Block Junction: Anionic Living Linking Synthesis and Ring-Opening Metathesis PolymerizationChong Cheng*†‡ and Nan-Loh Yang*†View Author Information† Center for Engineered Polymeric Materials (CePM) and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314‡ Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260*Corresponding authors. E-mail: [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (N.-L.Y.).Cite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 7, 3153–3155Publication Date (Web):March 4, 2010Publication History Received19 January 2010Revised13 February 2010Published online4 March 2010Published inissue 13 April 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma100135vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma100135vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1604Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anionic polymerization,Copolymers,Gel permeation chromatography,Hydrocarbons,Monomers Get e-Alerts
Mouse embryonic germ (EG) cell lines: transmission through the germline and differences in the methylation imprint of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (Igf2r) gene compared with embryonic stem (ES) cell lines (1994)

Primordial germ cells of the mouse cultured on feeder layers with leukemia inhibitory factor, Steel factor and basic fibroblast growth factor give rise to cells that resemble undifferentiated blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cells. These primordial germ cell-derived embryonic germ cells can be induced to differentiate extensively in culture, form teratocarcinomas when injected into nude mice and contribute to chimeras when injected into host blastocysts. Here, we report the derivation of multiple embryonic germ cell lines from 8.5 days post coitum embryos of C57BL/6 inbred mice. Four independent embryonic germ cell lines with normal male karyotypes have formed chimeras when injected into BALB/c host blastocysts and two of these lines have transmitted coat color markers through the germline. We also show that pluripotent cell lines capable of forming teratocarcinomas and coat color chimeras can be established from primordial germ cells of 8.0 days p.c. embryos and 12.5 days p.c. genital ridges. We have examined the methylation status of the putative imprinting box of the insulin-like growth factor type 2 receptor gene (Igf2r) in these embryonic germ cell lines. No correlation was found between methylation pattern and germline competence. A significant difference was observed between embryonic stem cell and embryonic germ cell lines in their ability to maintain the methylation imprint of the Igf2r gene in culture. This may illustrate a fundamental difference between these two cell types.
RNA interference may be more potent than antisense RNA in human cancer cell lines (2003)

1. RNA interference (RNAi) is a newly discovered cellular pathway for the silencing of sequence-specific genes at the mRNA level by the introduction of the cognate double-stranded (ds) RNA. Because antisense (AS) mechanisms have similar effects, we compared these two effects in human cancer cell lines, considering a possible application of RNAi for cancer therapy. 2. We tested RNAi effects by transfecting human hepatoma and pancreatic cancer cell lines with AS and sense (S) RNA expression plasmids corresponding to the exogenous luciferase gene or the endogenous c-raf gene in the form of complexes with a cationic lipopolyamine or a tumour-targeting peptide vector we developed. In addition, we compared the effects of small interfering RNA and AS oligoDNA complexed with the peptide vector. 3. From the viewpoint of AS actions, the effect of the AS RNA may be cancelled by the S RNA, although, interestingly, we found that the combination of the AS and S RNA expression plasmids was more effective than the AS RNA expression plasmids alone in reducing target gene expression, whereas the S RNA expression plasmids had no effects. The combination of the luciferase AS and S RNA had no effects on the expression of either the beta-galactosidase gene or the c-raf gene. In the presence of 2-aminopurine (an inhibitor of dsRNA-activated protein kinase), the inhibitory effect of the combination of AS and S RNA on gene expression did not change in the case of the endogenous c-raf gene, but was reduced in the case of the exogenous luciferase gene. The effect of 22 nucleotide RNA duplexes corresponding to the luciferase gene was by one order stronger than that of the phosphorothioate AS DNA. 4. Thus, it is suggested that RNAi may be more potent than AS RNA in reducing target gene expression in human cancer cell lines, regardless of the length of dsRNA. With further studies on the RNAi phenomenon in cancer cells, RNAi could provide a novel approach for cancer gene therapy.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a conserved heptad repeat domain is a potent inhibitor of Sendai virus-cell fusion: an emerging similarity with functional domains of other viruses. (1995)

A series of peptides derived from three domains within the fusion protein of Sendai virus was synthesized and examined for their potential to inhibit the fusion of the virus with human red blood cells. These domains include the 'fusion peptide' and two heptad repeats, one adjacent to the fusion peptide (SV-163) and the other to the transmembrane domain (SV-473). Of all the peptides tested, only SV-473 was highly inhibitive. Using fluorescently-labelled peptides, the mechanism through which the SV-473 peptide inhibits the haemolytic activity of the virus was investigated. The results suggest that interactions of the active peptide with virion elements and lipid membranes are involved. Since it has recently been found that synthetic peptides corresponding to putative coiled-coil domains of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 transmembrane protein gp41 are potent inhibitors of HIV, we discuss the general property of virus-derived coiled-coil peptides as inhibitors of viral infection.
Consecutive palladium-catalyzed Hiyama–Heck reactions in aqueous media under ligand-free conditions (2007)

Symmetric and asymmetric (E)-1,2-diarylethenes are synthesized from aryl bromides by consecutive one-pot Hiyama-Heck reactions carried out in water and under air; the only additives required are sodium hydroxide, palladium acetate and poly(ethylene glycol), and the products are isolable in many cases by simple filtration of the water solution.
Vibration joining of fiber‐reinforced thermosets (2009)

Abstract Adhesive bonding is known to be particularly suitable for thermoset composites with continuous fiber reinforcement as it does not interrupt the fibers because of drilled holes. The frequently used two‐part adhesives often require long curing times for the chemical reaction. At the Institute of Polymer Technology (LKT), a vibration‐assisted hot melt bonding technique (vibration joining) was developed, which offers short cycle times and represents a modification of hot melt bonding, using the machine technology from vibration welding. It is suitable to join thermoplastics with thermoset materials or thermosets using a thermoplastic interlayer, by taking advantage of short cycle time and good lap shear strength, compared to bonding with reactive adhesives. Polym Compos 2009 POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1205–1212, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Arginine vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasodilatory shock: current experience and future perspectives (2001)

Epinephrine use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is controversial because of its receptor-mediated adverse effects such as increased myocardial oxygen consumption, ventricular arrhythmias, ventilation-perfusion defect, postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac failure. In the CPR laboratory, vasopressin improved vital organ blood flow, cerebral oxygen delivery, resuscitability, and neurologic recovery more than did epinephrine. In patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation, a larger proportion of patients treated with vasopressin survived 24 hours than did patients treated with epinephrine. Currently, a large trial of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients being treated with vasopressin versus epinephrine is ongoing in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The new international CPR guidelines recommend 40 U vasopressin intravenously, and 1 mg epinephrine intravenously, as equally effective for the treatment of adult patients in ventricular fibrillation; however, no recommendation for vasopressin has been made to date for adult patients with asystole and pulseless electrical activity, or in children, because of lack of clinical data. When adrenergic vasopressors were unable to maintain arterial blood pressure in patients with vasodilatory shock, continuous infusions of vasopressin (0.04-0.10 U/min) stabilized cardiocirculatory parameters and even ensured weaning from catecholamines.
Triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer: clinical, pathologic and molecular features (2010)

Review of the spectrum of breast cancer tumor subtypes, which include basal-like, triple-negative and BRCA1-positive tumors, suggest that they have overlapping clinical, pathologic and molecular features, which are different from endocrine responsive breast cancers. Although response to chemotherapy is high in the neoadjuvant setting, the overall prognosis of this subset of tumors remains poor. Gene-profiling studies of this heterogeneous subset have lead to a better understanding of the molecular pathology of these aggressive tumors and the identification of possible therapeutic targets. Ongoing clinical studies of newer targeted agents, along with optimal chemotherapy, portend an improved clinical outcome for patients with aggressive basal-like/triple-negative breast cancer in the future.
Sorafenib Overcomes TRAIL Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through the Inhibition of STAT3 (2010)

Sorafenib sensitizes resistant HCC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis at clinical achievable concentrations, and this effect is mediated via the inhibition of STAT3.
The marching velocity of the capillary meniscus in a microchannel (2003)

In this paper we describe an experimental method and an analytical model for characterizing the surface energy inside a microchannel of micrometer size by measuring the marching velocity or position of a capillary meniscus. This method is based on the fact that the force summation of the meniscus surface tension and the filling reservoir gravitation might produce a pressure to pull liquid into the channel, and the marching velocity or the instantaneous position of the meniscus is related to the surface energy. Both parylene and silicon-nitride microchannels with different surface conditions were fabricated to perform the fill-in experiments subject to different liquids. It is shown that our model agrees well with the experimental data and is a valid method.