gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CONDITIONAL PRODUCTION OF A FUNCTIONAL FISH GROWTH HORMONE IN THE TRANSGENIC LINE OF NANNOCHLOROPSIS OCULATA (EUSTIGMATOPHYCEAE)1 (2008)

Plasmid phr-YPGHc, containing the fish growth hormone (GH) cDNA driven by a heat shock protein 70A promoter and a RUBISCO SSU 2 promoter, was transferred into the protoplast of marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata (Droop) D. J. Hibberd by electroporation. Four transgenic clones were obtained in which the transferred phr-YPGHc was integrated into the genome and existed stably at least until the 50th generation. When we treated these transgenic microalgae by heat shock, the heterologous fish GH was produced in the amount of 0.42 to 0.27 μg · mL(-1) from the 50 mL of medium. We incubated artemia with the wildtype and transgenic N. oculata for 6 h and then fed these microalgae-treated artemia to red-tilapia larvae. After feeding, the growth of larvae that were fed artemia incubated with transgenic microalgae was greater (i.e., statistically significant: P < 0.05) than that of larvae that were fed artemia incubated with nontransgenic microalgae: 316% versus 104% in weight gain, and 217% versus 146% in body length increase, respectively. Therefore, the N. oculata enables production of functional GH, and we propose that it might be an excellent bioreactor material.
Targeted Delivery of DNA Using YEE(GalNAcAH)3, a Synthetic Glycopeptide Ligand for the Asialoglycoprotein Receptor (1994)

In vivo gene therapy shows promise as a treatment for both genetic and acquired disorders. The hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPr) binds asialoorosomucoid-polylysine-DNA (ASOR-PL-DNA) complexes and allows targeted delivery to hepatocytes. The tris(N-acetylgalactosamine aminohexyl glycoside) amide of tyrosyl(glutamyl) glutamate [YEE(GalNAcAH)3] has been previously reported to have subnanomolar affinity for the ASGPr. We have used an iodinated derivative of YEE(GalNAcAH)3 linked to polylysine and complexed to the luciferase gene (pCMV-Luc) in receptor-binding experiments to establish the feasibility of substituting ASOR with the synthetic glycopeptide for gene therapy. Scatchard analyses revealed similar Kd values for both ASOR and the glycopeptide. Binding and internalization of 125I-Suc-YEE(GalNAcAH)3 were competitively inhibited with either unlabeled ASOR or glycopeptide. The reverse was also true; 125I-ASOR binding was competed with unlabeled YEE(GalNAcAH)3 suggesting specific binding to the ASGPr by both compounds. Examination of in vivo delivery revealed that the 125I-labeled glycopeptide complex mimicked previous results observed with 125I-ASOR-PL-DNA. CPM in the liver accounted for 96% of the radioactivity recovered from the five major organs (liver, spleen, kidney, heart, and lungs). Cryoautoradiography displayed iodinated glycopeptide complex bound preferentially to hepatocytes rather than nonparenchymal cells. In vitro, as well as in vivo, transfections using the glycopeptide-polylysine-pCMV-luciferase gene complex (YG3-PL-Luc) resulted in expression of the gene product. These data demonstrate that the YEE(GalNAcAH)3 synthetic glycopeptide can be used as a ligand in targeted delivery of DNA to the liver-specific ASGPr.
Behavior-driven visualization recommendation (2009)

We present a novel approach to visualization recommendation that monitors user behavior for implicit signals of user intent to provide more effective recommendation. This is in contrast to previous approaches which are either insensitive to user intent or require explicit, user specified task information. Our approach, called Behavior-Driven Visualization Recommendation (BDVR), consists of two distinct phases: (1) pattern detection, and (2) visualization recommendation. In the first phase, user behavior is analyzed dynamically to find semantically meaningful interaction patterns using a library of pattern definitions developed through observations of real-world visual analytic activity. In the second phase, our BDVR algorithm uses the detected patterns to infer a user's intended visual task. It then automatically suggests alternative visualizations that support the inferred visual task more directly than the user's current visualization. We present the details of BDVR and describe its implementation within our lab's prototype visual analysis system. We also present study results that demonstrate that our approach shortens task completion time and reduces error rates when compared to behavior-agnostic recommendation.
C‐reactive protein and coronary heart disease: a critical review (2008)

Modestly elevated baseline concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), the classical acute phase protein, are associated with the long-term risk of coronary heart disease in general populations, whilst the major acute phase response of CRP following myocardial infarction is associated with death and cardiac complications. The pathogenic and clinical significance of these associations is controversial. Here we critically review the evidence and describe large-scale epidemiological studies, novel experiments and possible specific therapies which will rigorously inform the debate. We distinguish between the potential pathogenicity of high acute phase circulating CRP concentrations in individuals with substantial tissue damage and modest but persistent increases in baseline values in generally healthy subjects.
Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. (2000)

Metastatic breast carcinoma still remains an incurable condition. The relentless search for novel agents that might prove useful for management has evolved toward monoclonal antibodies, in part because of a rapidly expanding understanding of breast cancer biology. Trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against the HER-2 receptor that has shown antitumor activity as a single agent in phase I and II trials of patients with metastatic breast cancer overexpressing HER-2. The observation of increased antitumor activity between trastuzumab and some chemotherapeutic agents in preclinical models has prompted its use in combination with several drugs. Of particular interest is the use of trastuzumab with paclitaxel. Two trials were presented at the 1999 meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology that evaluated this combination. One multicenter phase III trial showed clinical benefit and increased survival for patients with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer treated with chemotherapy plus trastuzumab. A phase II trial, reviewed in this report, evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel plus trastuzumab for patients with metastatic breast carcinoma, including those overexpressing and nonoverexpressing HER-2.
Environmental guidelines for social funds (1998)

Most social funds (SFs) have been established as temporary institutions to provide social services, they are often exempt from national norms for environmental assessment. More recently as a result of growing environmental awareness on the part of both SF managers and donor institutions, most SFs have developed environmental assessment processes. This document provides a framework for donors, mangers, and technical staff within the SFs to better appreciate environmental assessment needs and design high-quality environmental evaluation systems. The focus of the document is small-scale rural infrastructure subprojects. The first chapter of the report provides an introduction to the environmental issues associated with SFs. The second chapter provides recommendations and best practices for incorporation of environmental considerations at each stage of the typical SF subproject cycle. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an overview of management issues that must be addressed to ensure that the overall process functions as intended.
On the interaction of compliant coatings with boundary-layer flows (1984)

The interactions of compliant coatings with laminar, transitional and turbulent boundary layers are investigated. A 2 m long flat plate is towed in the range of speeds of 20–140 cm/s in an 18 m water channel using a carriage riding on an oil film. Isotropic and anistropic compliant coatings are used to cover about 20% of the working Plexiglas surface. The compliant material used is a viscoelastic plastisol gel produced by heating a mixture of polyvinyl chloride resin, a plasticizer and a stabilizer, and allowing them to gel. The shear modulus of rigidity of the plastisol was varied by changing the percentage of PVC in the mix. Anisotropy is introduced by placing the plastisol on a rubber surface having longitudinal grooves scaled with the low-speed streaks in the turbulent boundary layer. The most pronounced effect of the surface compliance in a turbulent boundary layer is a hydroelastic instability in the form of a spanwise wave structure on the compliant surface. The compliant-surface deformation was measured using a novel remote optical technique. The onset speed of the hydroelastic instability waves depends on the thickness and the modulus of rigidity of the plastisol. Their wavelength, wave speed and amplitude are found to depend on these plastisol parameters as well as on the towing speed. In a laminar boundary layer with freestream speeds of over twice the corresponding onset velocity for the turbulent case, no similar instability is observed.
Duration learning for analysis of nanopore ionic current blockades (2007)

We have demonstrated several implementations for de novo estimation of duration distribution probability density function with HMM framework and applied our model topology to the real data. The proposed design could be handy in molecular analysis based on nanopore current blockade signal.
Radioactive particle resuspension research experiments on the Hanford Reservation (1977)

Experiments were conducted from 1972 to 1975 at several Hanford Reservation study sites to determine whether radioactive particles from these sites were resuspended and transported by wind and to determine, if possible, any interrelationships between wind speed, direction, airborne soil, and levels of radioactivity on airborne particles. Samples of airborne particles were collected with high volume air samplers and cascade particle impactors using both upwind and downwind air sampling towers. Most samples were analyzed for /sup 137/Cs; some samples were analyzed for /sup 239/Pu, /sup 238/Pu and /sup 241/Am; a few samples were analyzed for /sup 90/Sr. This report summarizes measured air concentration ranges for these radionuclides at the study sites and compares air concentrations with fallout levels measured in 300 Area near the Reservation boundary.
COMPRESSION OF PULSES FROM A MODE-LOCKED He–Ne LASER (1969)

Pulses of 500-psec duration, emitted by a mode-locked He–Ne laser, have been electro-optically frequency swept and then compressed to 270 psec by multiple reflections from an interferometer proposed by Gires and Tournois.
Methylene Blue Is a Guanylate Cyclase Inhibitor That Does Not Interfere with Nitric Oxide Synthesis (2016)

To the Editor:Mangelli and colleagues1 report the life-saving effectiveness of methylene blue (MB) in treating vasoplegic syndrome in a 75-year-old man, after on-pump cardiac surgery. They present a simplified nitric oxide (NO) pathway that shows methylene blue as a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor.In regard to the therapeutic principles for endothelial vasoplegic dysfunction treatment associated with heart surgery, the first and most important concept concerns restrictions on the use of nonspecific inhibitors of NO synthesis (L - NMMA, L - NAME). This approach is prone to controversy, because it involves ethical issues related to the use of new therapies, besides blocking—not only iNOS, but its constitutive enzyme's (eNOS) organic form.2,3Methylene blue does not interfere with NOS and has played a longstanding beneficial role in many other clinical conditions.2,3 As a potent guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, MB blocks the release of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), thereby preventing vascular smooth muscle relaxation without directly affecting NO synthesis. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors are not currently in clinical use because of their lack of specificity in inhibiting the different NOS isoforms, with the consequent risk of generalized tissue necrosis and a higher death rate. Therefore, we suggest a modification of the diagram, to avoid restrictions upon MB on the basis of NO's detrimental microcirculatory effect:doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14503/THIJ-15-5685This letter was sent to Dr. Joshua Manghelli, who responds in this manner:To the Editor:Dr. Evora is indeed correct that methylene blue inhibits guanylate cyclase1; however, there are data to support the contention that it inhibits nitric oxide synthase as well.2 We believe that the figure should be adjusted to include the inhibition of both enzymes.
Association of Diabetes Mellitus With Use of Atypical Neuroleptics in the Treatment of Schizophrenia (2002)

In this large group of patients with schizophrenia, receipt of a prescription for atypical neuroleptics was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus.
Development of Highly Hydrophobic and Anticorrosive Conducting Polymer Composite Coating for Corrosion Protection in Marine Environment (2015)

PRIAMO (PaRkinson And non Motor symptOms) is an epidemiology study aimed to assess the prevalence and incidence of non-motor symptoms (NMS) in patients with parkinsonism. PRIAMO consists of two phases: (1) a transversal assessment of the prevalence of NMS and (2) a longitudinal observation with two follow-up visits at 12 and 24 months to establish the incidence of NMS. A secondary aim of PRIAMO is to study the relationship between NMS and quality of life. Patients with parkinsonism have been evaluated in 59 Neurology Centres widely distributed throughout Italy. PRIAMO has analysed a total of 1307 patients (out of 1325 initially enrolled). We expect that PRIAMO will substantially help to quantify the burden of NMS in patients with parkinsonism.
Swept source optical coherence tomography using an all-fiber 1300-nm ring laser source (2005)

The increased sensitivity of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has driven the development of a new generation of technologies in OCT, including rapidly tunable, broad bandwidth swept laser sources and spectral domain OCT interferometer topologies. In this work, the operation of a turnkey 1300-nm swept laser source is demonstrated. This source has a fiber ring cavity with a semiconductor optical amplifier gain medium. Intracavity mode selection is achieved with an in-fiber tunable fiber Fabry-Perot filter. A novel optoelectronic technique that allows for even sampling of the swept source OCT signal in k space also is described. A differential swept source OCT system is presented, and images of in vivo human cornea and skin are presented. Lastly, the effects of analog-to-digital converter aliasing on image quality in swept source OCT are discussed.
Mechanisms of the Feulgen acid hydrolysis (1980)

Our present knowledge of the two main reactions responsible for the form of the Feulgen hydrolysis curve is summarized. A suggestion that hydrolysis slightly above room temperature and in 5 M HCl is preferable is made and discussed. A formula making it possible to calculate the appropriate hydrolysis time at any normally used acid concentration and temperature is presented.
Presentation of Tumor Antigens by Dendritic Cells Genetically Modified With Viral and Nonviral Vectors (2006)

Genetic modification of dendritic cells (DCs) with recombinant vectors encoding tumor antigens may aid in developing new immunotherapeutic treatments for patients with cancer. Here, we characterized antigen presentation by human DCs genetically modified with plasmid cDNAs, RNAs, adenoviruses, or retroviruses, encoding the melanoma antigen gp100 or the tumor-testis antigen NY-ESO-1. Monocyte-derived DCs were electroporated with cDNAs or RNAs, or transduced with adenoviruses. CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell-derived DCs were used for retroviral transduction. Genetically modified DCs were coincubated with CD8+ and CD4+ T cells that recognized major histocompatibility complex class I- and class II-restricted epitopes from gp100 and NY-ESO-1, and specific recognition was evaluated by interferongamma secretion. Cytokine release by both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells was consistently higher in response to DCs modified with adenoviruses than cDNAs or RNAs, and maturation of DCs after genetic modification did not consistently alter patterns of recognition. Also, retrovirally transduced DCs encoding gp100 were well recognized by both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. These data suggest that DCs transduced with viral vectors may be more efficient than DCs transfected with cDNAs or RNAs for the induction of tumor reactive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in vitro and in human vaccination trials.
Isolation and identification of a caproic acid-producing K-1 strain from Luzhou-flavor Liquor Pit Mud (2014)

In the present study, a bacterial strain producing caproic acid, which was isolated and purified from Luzhou-flavor Liquor Pit Mud, and characterized by morphological, physiological and molecular biological methods. Results showed that the strain had the typical characteristics of Bacillus clone, acid- producing capacity as strong as 4.1g/L. Analysis of its 16SrRNA gene in Ribosomal Database through online tools supported that the strain was Lysinibacillus sp in genus Lysinibacillus. The present study was the first report that Lysinibacillus sp has capacity for producing caproic acid.
THE SOMATOSTATIN ANALOG OCTREOTIDE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SECRETORY DIARRHEA OF THE ACUTE INTESTINAL GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE IN A PATIENT AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (1990)

BIANCO, JAMES A.; HIGANO, CELESTIA; SINGER, JACK; APPELBAUM, FREDERICK R.; MCDONALD, GEORGE B. Author Information
Nicking endonucleases (2009)

Nicking endonucleases are a new type of enzymes. Like restriction endonucleases, they recognize short specific DNA sequence and cleave DNA at a fixed position relatively to the recognition sequence. However, unlike restriction endonucleases, nicking endonucleases cleave only one predetermined DNA strand. Until recently, nicking endonucleases were suggested to be naturally mutated restriction endonucleases which had lost their ability to dimerize and as a result the ability to cleave the second strand. We have shown that nicking endonucleases are one of the subunits of heterodimeric restriction endonucleases. Mechanisms used by various restriction endonucleases for double-stranded cleavage, designing of artificial nicking endonucleases on the basis of restriction endonucleases, and application of nicking endonucleases in molecular biology are reviewed.
A robust method of detecting hand gestures using depth sensors (2012)

Depth sensors, including Kinect and Xtion, open up a new possibility for future human-computer interaction (HCI). Even though there already are some mature methods of detecting human skeleton and poses using depth sensors, it is still an unsolved problem to detect hands and recognize delicate gestures effectively, because hands are too small a part in the images generated from depth sensor, so the details of hands are hard to extract. In this paper, we present a gesture detecting method that is able to: firstly segment hands through skin color segmentation and K-means clustering; secondly find the convex hull and the contour that form the hand shape; thirdly detect positions of each fingertip; and finally represent gestures using the sets of detected hand data. Having been tested with a series of applications, our method is proved to be robust and effective.
Radiation therapy dosimetry using magnetic resonance imaging of polymer gels (1996)

Further progress in the development of polymer gel dosimetry using MRI is reported, together with examples of its application to verify treatment plans for stereotactic radiosurgery and high dose rate brachytherapy. The dose distribution image produced in the tissue‐equivalent gel by radiation‐induced polymerization, and encoded in the spatial distribution of the NMR transverse relaxation rates ( R 2 ) of the water protons in the gel, is permanent. Maps of R 2 are constructed from magnetic resonance imaging data and serve as a template for dose maps, which can be used to verify complex dose distributions from external sources or brachytherapy applicators. The integrating, three‐dimensional, tissue‐equivalent characteristics of polymer gels make it possible to obtain dose distributions not readily measured by conventional methods. An improved gel formulation (BANG‐2) has a linear dose response that is independent of energy and dose rate for the situations studied to date. There is excellent agreement between the dose distributions predicted using treatment planning calculations and those measured using the gel method, and the clinical practical utility of MRI‐based polymer gel dosimetry is thereby demonstrated.
Lymphokine Production by Cultured Human T Cells Transformed by Human T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma Virus-I (1984)

Cell-free conditioned media from human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) were tested for the production of soluble biologically active factors, including several known lymphokines. The cell lines used were established from patients with T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow leukocytes transformed by HTLV-I in vitro. All of the cell lines liberated constitutively one or more of the 12 biological activities assayed. These included macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF), leukocyte migration enhancing factor (MEF), macrophage activating factor (MAF), differentiation inducing factor (DIF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), eosinophil growth and maturation activity (eos. GMA), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), gamma-interferon and, in rare instances, T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Some cell lines produced interleukin 3 (IL-3), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or B-cell growth factors (BCGF). Such cells should prove useful for the production of lymphokines and as sources of specific messenger RNA's for their genetic cloning.
Characterization of a recombinant extracellular domain of the type 1 tumor necrosis factor receptor: evidence for tumor necrosis factor .alpha. induced receptor aggregation (1992)

An expression plasmid encoding the extracellular portion of the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) type 1 receptor (TNF-R1) was constructed and used to generate a stable cell line secreting soluble TNF-R1 (sTNF-R1). The sTNF-R1 was purified, and its biochemical properties and its interactions with human TNF-alpha were examined. SDS-PAGE resolved the purified sTNF-R1 into three bands of approximate Mr 24,200, 28,200, and 32,800. Sedimentation equilibrium analysis gave a molecular weight of 25,000 for sTNF-R1 whereas the molecular weight obtained by gel filtration chromatography was approximately 55,000-60,000. Scatchard analysis of [125I]TNF-alpha binding to sTNF-R1 revealed high-affinity binding (Kd = 93 pM), comparable to that observed for the intact receptor on whole cells. Competitive binding experiments showed that sTNF-R1 has a 50-60-fold higher affinity for TNF-alpha than for TNF-beta, in contrast to the equal affinities of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta for the full-length TNF-R1 transiently expressed in mammalian cells. The sTNF-R1 was found to block the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta on a murine L-M cell assay. The sizes of the sTNF-R1.TNF-alpha complex determined by gel filtration chromatography and sedimentation equilibrium were approximately 141 and 115 kDa, respectively. The stoichiometry of the complex was examined by Scatchard analysis, size-exclusion chromatography, HPLC separation, amino acid composition, sequence analysis, and sedimentation equilibrium. The data from these studies suggest that at least two molecules of sTNF-R1 can bind to a single TNF-alpha trimer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)