gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immune activation is associated with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in the rat. (1990)

Long-term phenylhydrazine (PHZ) treatment caused pronounced anemia and a concomitant increase in the numbers of circulating leukocytes in Long-Evans rats. The leukocytosis was caused mainly by an elevation in mononuclear cells, most notably in the lymphocyte population. PHZ has been reported to cause the direct lysis of erythrocytes by nonimmune mechanisms. However, recent reports indicate that PHZ can cross-link red cell band 3 protein (senescent antigen), resulting in the binding of autologous immunoglobulin G (IgG). Recognition of this complex by macrophage Fc receptor mechanisms triggers rapid erythrophagocytosis-in the spleen and possibly the liver as well. In our study, analysis of the blood, bone marrow, and spleen cells of long-term (1 to 6 weeks) PHZ-treated rats was performed by using flow cytometry. Total serum IgG levels were determined by radial immunodiffusion, and antibodies reactive with red cells that were sensitized to PHZ either in vivo or in vitro were titered by using the indirect Coombs' method. Serum prostaglandin E2 titers also were determined at different time intervals after PHZ administration. The results indicate that PHZ induces an increase in circulating antibody and prostaglandin E2 titers that correlates with the onset of anemia and that the serum of PHZ-treated rats can induce anemia in normal recipients after passive transfer. Cytofluorographic studies revealed a marked increase in the B-cell population of the peripheral blood and spleen and an altered ratio T-helper to T-suppressor cells at certain time intervals after PHZ injection. The results indicate that in addition to inducing senescence-like alterations in erythrocyte membrane proteins, PHZ stimulates the production of the autologous IgG that recognizes these sites and promotes lymphoid blastogenesis, most notably in the B-cell lineage.
A robustness analysis of 3D audio using loudspeakers (2003)

It is well known that the effectiveness of 3D audio systems is critically dependent on the listener's head being in a known location. In this paper we analyze the fundamental role played by the loudspeaker positions in determining the robustness of the crosstalk canceler. Based on an extremely simple head model, we derive straightforward expressions for the loudspeaker positions that optimize the system robustness, which is measured by matrix condition numbers. These derived optimum positions are then compared with empirically-derived optimum positions obtained from actual HRTF (head related transfer function) measurements. The results indicate that our analytical expressions accurately predict the optimum loudspeaker positions.
Development of two novel benzoylphenylurea sulfur analogues and evidence that the microtubule-associated protein tau is predictive of their activity in pancreatic cancer (2007)

In this work, we evaluated two lead compounds, referred to as SG410 and SG430, obtained from a screen of sulfur benzoylphenylurea analogues, against in vitro and in vivo models of pancreas cancer. Both drugs showed a similar mechanism of action profile, with SG410 being more potent as an inhibitor of tubulin assembly. We determined the best in vivo administration schedule and tested SG410 and SG430 in nine cases of a novel platform of direct pancreas cancer xenografts. Both compounds had antiproliferative activity in vitro in the low nanomolar range, but only SG410 showed significant activity in vivo. Administration of SG410 resulted in significant tumor growth delay in five of nine groups tested. In a direct comparison in three of the cases, SG410 was at least as efficacious as docetaxel. We also sought markers that would be predictive of the efficacy of these agents, and we found such a marker in microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). This protein enhances the assembly and stability of microtubules. In both the cell lines and the direct human xenografts, MAPT mRNA and protein levels correlated well. There was also a statistically significant inverse correlation between MAPT expression and sensitivity to the tested agents. In summary, the novel sulfur benzoylphenylurea SG410 showed activity inversely related to MAPT expression in a preclinical model of pancreatic cancer comparable with that observed with docetaxel, another microtubule-targeting agent.
Interleukin‐1α stimulates non‐amyloidogenic pathway by α‐secretase (ADAM‐10 and ADAM‐17) cleavage of APP in human astrocytic cells involving p38 MAP kinase (2006)

Interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) stimulates a disintegrin and metalloproteinase, ADAM-17 synthesis, consistent with activation of the soluble fragment of Amyloid Precursor Protein, APP, (sAPPalpha) in human primary astrocytes. To characterize the mechanism by which IL-1alpha promotes the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP metabolism, we used U373 MG astrocytoma cells. IL-1alpha significantly increased levels of ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 mRNA in 16 hr. Upregulation of ADAM-17 mRNA by IL-1alpha was more pronounced despite higher basal levels of ADAM-10 mRNA. This pattern was also observed at the protein level with the upregulation of alpha-secretase. RNA interference (RNAi) of ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 inhibited IL-1alpha-stimulated sAPPalpha release and the effect was more pronounced with ADAM-17 RNAi. Concomitantly, the level of sAPPalpha was significantly increased by IL-1alpha in 48 hr; however, IL-1alpha stimulated cell-associated APP levels maximally at 6 h but the induction declined at 48 hr. IL-1alpha treatment of cells for 48 h reduced both intracellular and secreted levels of amyloid-beta, Abeta-40, and Abeta-42 peptides. Multiple MAP kinases (MAPK), including MEK/ERK, p38 kinase, PI3 kinase (PI3K) but not JNK were involved in the regulation of IL-1alpha-stimulated alpha-secretase activity and sAPPalpha release. p38 MAPK seems to be the most proximal of these MAPKs, as it was the earliest to be activated by IL-1alpha and blocking this pathway attenuated activation of IL-1alpha-induced MEK and PI3K pathways. Our data show a complex mechanism of sAPPalpha regulation by IL-1alpha that involves ADAM-10, ADAM-17 and p38 MAPK upstream of MEK and PI3K.
High Performance Parallel Computing with ParaStation3 (2001)

The key to efficient and wide spread parallel computing on workstations clusters is a high speed communication subsystem with well known programming interfaces and a cluster management system which makes the use of a cluster as simple as for a single machine. ParaStation3 fullfills these requeiremnts. It is a high speed communication subsystem for clusters of workstations in combination with Operating System enhancements to view the whole cluster as one entity. It offers all kind of programming interfaces, such as MPI, PVM, Sockets, and Java RMI close to the hardware limits. It achieves latencies as low as 7.5 µs and throughput as high as 350 MByte/s (biderectional data exchange). The Operating System enhancements for the single system view include fault tolerance, transparent node and process management, and load balancing. The system is implemented on a variety of platforms (Alpha workstations running Tru64 Unix, as well as Intel and Alpha"s running Linux) and is proven to operate large clusters.
Electron Capture Dissociation of Multiply Charged Protein Cations. A Nonergodic Process (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTElectron Capture Dissociation of Multiply Charged Protein Cations. A Nonergodic ProcessRoman A. Zubarev, Neil L. Kelleher, and Fred W. McLaffertyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Baker Laboratory Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 13, 3265–3266Publication Date (Web):March 24, 1998Publication History Received6 October 1997Published online24 March 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/ja973478kCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5758Altmetric-Citations1640LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (80 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Circular dichroism spectroscopy,Crystal cleavage,Dissociation,Ions,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Generalized Tunstall codes for sources with memory (1997)

Tunstall codes are variable-to-fixed length codes that maximize the expected number of source letters per dictionary string for discrete, memoryless sources. We analyze a generalization of Tunstall coding to sources with memory and demonstrate that as the dictionary size increases, the number of code letters per source symbol comes arbitrarily close to the minimum among all variable-to-fixed length codes of the same size. We also find the asymptotic relationship between the dictionary size and the average length of a dictionary entry.
Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (2013)

AM:STARs: Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews is the official publication of the AAP Section on Adolescent Health. Published 3 times per year, the journal offers adolescent medicine specialists and other primary care physicians who treat adolescent patients with state of the art information on all matters relating to adolescent health and wellness.In this issue, Young Adult Health, topics include:Approaching Young Adult Health and Medicine from a Developmental PerspectiveSeizing the opportunity: Improving Young Adult Preventive HealthcareHealth Insurance, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and Young AdultsSocial Media and HealthHelping Those Who Serve: Care of the Young Adult VeteranMental Health Among Late Adolescents and Young Adults from a Population-level and Clinical PerspectiveADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in College Students and Young AdultsNonmedical Use of Prescription Medications in Young AdultsThe Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood and Associated Substance Use/AbuseAsperger's Syndromve in Young Adulthood: The Clinician as Supportive Coach and Medicial AdvisorPrimary Care for Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Medical Needs and Required Strategies
Polymers for Controlled Drug Delivery (2023)

Diffusion Controlled Systems: Polymeric Microcapsules (James C. Price). Diffusion Controlled Systems: Hydrogels (Richard Korsmeyer). Polymers for Enteric Coating Applications. (George A. Agyilirah and Gilbert Banker). Coacervation: Principles and Applications (David W. Newton). Polymerized Liposomes as Drug Carriers (Steven L. Regen). Bioadhesive Polymers and Drug Delivery (David A. Pecosky and Joseph R. Robinson). Synthetic Bioerodible Polymer Drug Delivery Systems (Kam W. Leong). Collagen-Based Drug Delivery Devices (Mou-Ying Fu Lu and Curt Thies). Acrylic Latex Systems (Kevin M. Scholsky, Peter J. Tarcha, and Ann Hsu). Poloxamers in the Pharmaceutical Industry (Irving Schmolka). Ion-Exchange Resin Delivery Systems (Saul Borodkin). Animal Testing of Polymer Based Systems (Kenneth R. Majors and Mitchell B. Friedman). Regulatory Requirements for New Drug Submissions (Frederick Gustafson and Richard Kiernan). Beyond Today's Technology (Peter J. Tarcha and R. Saul Levinson).
Robust adaptive control: a unified approach (1991)

A complete tutorial review of the entire field is presented, beginning with simple instability examples to identify the causes of nonrobust behavior in adaptive control. Some of the mathematical groundwork is presented, and the theory for the design and analysis of adaptive laws is developed. Commonly used adaptive controller structures are discussed, highlighting their particular robustness properties. Particular attention is paid to model reference, pole placement, and linear quadratic controller structures. Designs and analyses of model reference, pole placement, and linear quadratic controllers, based on combining the corresponding controller structures with the various robust adaptive laws, are presented. Suggestions for future research are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
PRMA performance in cellular environments with self-adaptive channel allocation strategies (1996)

The personal communication systems envisaged for next years will have to accommodate a wide range of services with different quality requirements (on delays, bit error rates, etc.), and will often be characterized by a high burstiness (i.e., with relatively short traffic bursts, alternating with comparatively long silence periods). Therefore, an extension of packet communications to the cellular scenario is appealing for its inherent flexibility. The packet reservation multiple access (PRMA) protocol is considered. On the other hand, the current trend in reducing cell sizes poses major planning problems, which cannot be properly coped with by the usual fixed channel allocation methods; therefore, adaptive allocation schemes, which are able to avoid any frequency planning, are currently studied. A review of adaptive channel allocation strategies in view of application to packet switching is carried out. Then, a self-adaptive assignment method (channel segregation) originally developed for circuit switched systems is selected and conveniently adapted for PRMA operations. Simulations show good performance, provided that values of some system variables are correctly chosen.
Interspecimen Comparison of the Refractive Index of Fused Silica*,† (1965)

The index of refraction of optical quality fused silica (SiO2) was determined for 60 wavelengths from 0.21 to 3.71 μ at 20°C. The dispersion equation n2-1=0.6961663λ2λ2-(0.0684043)2+0.4079426λ2λ2-(0.1162414)2+0.8974794λ2λ2-(9.896161)2.where λ is expressed in microns was found to yield an absolute residual of 10.5×10−6. The variation in index between 12 specimens was determined. Dispersive properties of the material and thermal coefficient of index are graphically presented. A comparison with previous NBS index data is discussed.
Generation of Transgene-Free Lung Disease-Specific Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Single Excisable Lentiviral Stem Cell Cassette (2010)

The development of methods to achieve efficient reprogramming of human cells while avoiding the permanent presence of reprogramming transgenes represents a critical step toward the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) for clinical purposes, such as disease modeling or reconstituting therapies. Although several methods exist for generating iPSC free of reprogramming transgenes from mouse cells or neonatal normal human tissues, a sufficiently efficient reprogramming system is still needed to achieve the widespread derivation of disease-specific iPSC from humans with inherited or degenerative diseases. Here, we report the use of a humanized version of a single lentiviral "stem cell cassette" vector to accomplish efficient reprogramming of normal or diseased skin fibroblasts obtained from humans of virtually any age. Simultaneous transfer of either three or four reprogramming factors into human target cells using this single vector allows derivation of human iPSC containing a single excisable viral integration that on removal generates human iPSC free of integrated transgenes. As a proof of principle, here we apply this strategy to generate >100 lung disease-specific iPSC lines from individuals with a variety of diseases affecting the epithelial, endothelial, or interstitial compartments of the lung, including cystic fibrosis, α-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related emphysema, scleroderma, and sickle-cell disease. Moreover, we demonstrate that human iPSC generated with this approach have the ability to robustly differentiate into definitive endoderm in vitro, the developmental precursor tissue of lung epithelia.
Remote Sensing of the Environment: 16th National Symposium on Remote Sensing of China (2008)

Sponsored by Committee of Remote Sensing for Geology, The Geological Society of China • Association on Environment Remote Sensing of China • Committee on Ocean Remote Sensing, Chinese Society of Oceanography • Committee on Satellite Meteorology and Space Weather, China Meteorological Society • Committee on Space Remote Sensing, Chinese Society of Space Research • Committee on Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Chinese Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography • Committee on Space Remote Sensing, Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics • Technical Committee on Avionics, Chinese Society of Aeronautics • Committee on Telemetry, Remote Sensing, and Control, Chinese Association of Automation • Committee on Software Industry, China Association for Geographic Information System • Committee on Remote Sensing, Chinese Society for Optical Science Committee on Remote Sensing, Chinese Hydraulic Engineering Society • Affiliated Society of Land Information and Remote Sensing, Chinese Land Society • Committee on Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, Chinese Association of Remote Sensing Applications • National Remote Sensing Center of China • CNCRS—Chinese National Committee for Remote Sensing
Functional diffusion map: A noninvasive MRI biomarker for early stratification of clinical brain tumor response (2005)

Assessment of radiation and chemotherapy efficacy for brain cancer patients is traditionally accomplished by measuring changes in tumor size several months after therapy has been administered. The ability to use noninvasive imaging during the early stages of fractionated therapy to determine whether a particular treatment will be effective would provide an opportunity to optimize individual patient management and avoid unnecessary systemic toxicity, expense, and treatment delays. We investigated whether changes in the Brownian motion of water within tumor tissue as quantified by using diffusion MRI could be used as a biomarker for early prediction of treatment response in brain cancer patients. Twenty brain tumor patients were examined by standard and diffusion MRI before initiation of treatment. Additional images were acquired 3 weeks after initiation of chemo- and/or radiotherapy. Images were coregistered to pretreatment scans, and changes in tumor water diffusion values were calculated and displayed as a functional diffusion map (fDM) for correlation with clinical response. Of the 20 patients imaged during the course of therapy, 6 were classified as having a partial response, 6 as stable disease, and 8 as progressive disease. The fDMs were found to predict patient response at 3 weeks from the start of treatment, revealing that early changes in tumor diffusion values could be used as a prognostic indicator of subsequent volumetric tumor response. Overall, fDM analysis provided an early biomarker for predicting treatment response in brain tumor patients.
Growth and nanostructure of conformal ruthenium films by liquid-source metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (2003)

A commercially available metalorganic compound, namely Bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3, 5-heptanedionato)(1,5-cyclooctadiene)Ruthenium, or Ru(THD)2COD was evaluated for growth, nanostructure, and conformality of ruthenium films using a manufacturable, liquid-source metalorganic chemical vapor deposition technique. The deposition of Ru films (60–200 nm) was carried out on various substrates at a temperature (Tsub) of 250–320 °C via the oxygen-assisted pyrolysis of Ru(THD)2COD. In the kinetically controlled regime, the activation energy for the deposition of Ru on amorphous-HfO2/SiO2/Si was 136 kJ/mol. However, at Tsub&amp;gt;290 °C, the nearly temperature-independent growth rate was indicative of the mass-transport controlled regime. The as-deposited Ru films exhibited dense and polycrystalline grain structure, with a moderate preference for the (001) orientation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of RuO2 in metallic Ru films deposited at a Tsub as low as 260 °C. In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed amorphous grain boundaries in Ru films and a disorder interface layer between Ru and HfO2 surface. The Ru films, however, were electrically conductive (27 μΩ cm). In addition, Ru films deposited on patterned TiN/Si substrates in the kinetically controlled regime at 250 °C exhibited nearly 100% step coverage.
Measurement of oxygen transmission rate through foamed materials for bottle closures (2009)

Abstract The determination of the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) through closures in glass bottles is becoming increasingly important for quality control of different batches and for development purposes. The Mocon method for measuring OTR is globally accepted and used in different applications. However, one of the major drawbacks this method presents when applied to bottle/closures systems is the long time required to obtain stable measurements when 40 mm long closures are tested. This paper describes a method to obtain OTR values with samples of reduced thickness with much shorter measurements time, since the condition of steady state during measurements is achieved faster and compares the estimated full‐length commercial closure OTR with experimental values. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
In Vitro Evolution of Functional DNA Using Capillary Electrophoresis (2003)

Electrophoretic selection with capillary electrophoresis (CE) is used, for the first time, to isolate functional nucleic acid sequences using SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). SELEX uses molecular evolution to select functional sequences (aptamers) from random RNA or DNA libraries. Conventional SELEX is usually performed with affinity chromatography, which may introduce significant bias into the selection step. Important biases include the slow kinetics involved in the elution of strongly bound sequences and performing the selection with the target molecule tethered to the stationary support, not in free solution. In this novel CE-SELEX approach, selection occurs in free solution. The nucleic acid sequences that bind the target undergo a mobility shift, migrating at a different rate, allowing them to be separated from the inactive sequences. Thus, there is no need to wash the active sequences off a column as in conventional SELEX, eliminating any kinetic bias. In this work, the viability of CE-SELEX was demonstrated by performing selections against immunoglobulin E (IgE). Anti-IgE aptamers with dissociation constants as low as 40 nM were obtained in only two rounds of selection.