gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Verification and implementation of language-based deception indicators in civil and criminal narratives (2008)

Our goal is to use natural language processing to identify deceptive and non-deceptive passages in transcribed narratives. We begin by motivating an analysis of language-based deception that relies on specific linguistic indicators to discover deceptive statements. The indicator tags are assigned to a document using a mix of automated and manual methods. Once the tags are assigned, an interpreter automatically discriminates between deceptive and truthful statements based on tag densities. The texts used in our study come entirely from "real world" sources---criminal statements, police interrogations and legal testimony. The corpus was hand-tagged for the truth value of all propositions that could be externally verified as true or false. Classification and Regression Tree techniques suggest that the approach is feasible, with the model able to identify 74.9% of the T/F propositions correctly. Implementation of an automatic tagger with a large subset of tags performed well on test data, producing an average score of 68.6% recall and 85.3% precision when compared to the performance of human taggers on the same subset.
Expression of the B Cell‐Attracting Chemokine CXCL13 in the Target Organ and Autoantibody Production in Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in the Chronic Inflammatory Disease Sjögren's Syndrome (2002)

Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltrates resembling secondary lymphoid organs in salivary glands. In this study, we demonstrate the expression of the lymphoid tissue homing chemokine CXCL13 (BCA-1/BLC), which has attracting properties for B cells and subsets of activated T cells, in salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. CXCL13 expression was primarily observed in epithelial cells in acini and ducts of inflamed glands while its receptor, CXCR5 (BLR-1), was expressed on the infiltrating mononuclear cells. In addition, cells producing antibodies against one of the major autoantigens in Sjögren's syndrome, Ro 52, were identified at the periphery of the follicular infiltrates indicating that the ectopic lymphoid tissue is directly involved in the disease process. Identification of CXCL13 and CXCR5 in salivary glands suggests that the target organ plays an essential role in the inflammatory process by recruiting B and T cells. These results also provide a molecular mechanism by which lymphoid neogenesis and ectopic germinal centre formation might occur in the glands of these patients, which may be the key step in the development of the chronic inflammatory process in Sjögren's syndrome.
Effect of voltage scaling on soft error protection methods for SRAMs (2010)

As voltage and process technology scales the critical charge, Qcrit, rapidly decreases for SRAM cells. The SEU protection methods that are currently used to increase the level of protection of the SRAM cells do not factor in performance and power consumption optimization. In this paper, we analyze the tradeoffs of voltage scaling between performance, power and SEU reliability for standard hardened cell, an alternative power efficient SRAMT cell for 32nm and 45nm, and a capacitive-based cell for 130nm process technologies. We also introduce a design space exploration and comparison technique with the goal to produce an optimized SRAM design using various SEU protection methods based on a set of specifications (performance, power consumption, SEU reliability, process technology, supply voltage) for a specific design.
Tailoring Chimeric Ligands for Studying and Biasing ErbB Receptor Family Interactions (2014)

Described is the development and application of a versatile semisynthetic strategy, based on a combination of sortase-mediated coupling and tetrazine ligation chemistry, which can be exploited for the efficient incorporation of tunable functionality into chimeric recombinant proteins. To demonstrate the scope of the method, the assembly of a set of bivalent ligands, which integrate members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family, is described. By using a series of bivalent EGFs with variable intraligand spacing, the differences in structure were correlated with the ability to bias signaling in the ErbB receptor family in a cell motility assay. Biasing away from EGFR-HER2 dimerization with a bivalent EGF was observed to reduce cell motility in an intraligand distance-dependent fashion, thus demonstrating the utility of the approach for acutely perturbing receptor-mediated cell signaling pathways.
QoS-Ensured Network Resource Federation Driven by Bandwidth Brokers in Open Access Network Architecture (2012)

Various network services, such as virtual private network, cloud computing and Internet protocol television, are often provided across multiple network operators. The difficulty in managing the quality of service across multiple operator domains is the barrier to adoption especially to service level agreement-sensitive and mission critical cases. Federating network resources among operators is necessary to manage the quality of service across operators. To manage network resources of other operator domains, the network operator's federation mechanisms aiming at a future open access network model are essential. In this paper, the mechanisms of the signaling process as well as the capability of the bandwidth broker are proposed for open access networking, where multiple operators are connected via a common access network operator. Considering that both the next generation network and the non-next generation network architectures must coexist, we have analyzed federation mechanisms for establishing practical functional extensions to existing bandwidth broker implementations for the federation signaling. Based on the analysis, the designs of the federation signaling and the required bandwidth broker functional models are proposed. The proposed design is prototyped and the demonstration of the federation signaling shows that the federation mechanism can assure the bandwidth of a targeted live data stream on demand across the trunk and the access network operators even under a congested situation.
Drugs on Target (2001)

489496MetricsTotal Downloads489Last 6 Months75Last 12 Months150Total Citations496Last 6 Months0Last 12 Months2View all metrics
A2E-epoxides Damage DNA in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (2003)

The autofluorescent pigments that accumulate in retinal pigment epithelial cells with aging and in some retinal disorders have been implicated in the etiology of macular degeneration. The major constituent is the fluorophore A2E, a pyridinium bisretinoid. Light-exposed A2E-laden retinal pigment epithelium exhibits a propensity for apoptosis with light in the blue region of the spectrum being most damaging. Efforts to understand the events precipitating the death of the cells have revealed that during irradiation (430 nm), A2E self-generates singlet oxygen with the singlet oxygen in turn reacting with A2E to generate epoxides at carbon-carbon double bonds. Here we demonstrate that A2E-epoxides, independent of singlet oxygen, exhibit reactivity toward DNA with oxidative base changes being at least one of these lesions. Mass spectrometry revealed that the antioxidants vitamins E and C, butylated hydroxytoluene, resveratrol, a trolox analogue (PNU-83836-E), and bilberry extract reduce A2E-epoxidation, whereas single cell gel electrophoresis and cell viability studies revealed a corresponding reduction in the incidence of DNA damage and cell death. Vitamin E, a lipophilic antioxidant, produced a more pronounced decrease in A2E-epoxidation than vitamin C, and treatment with both vitamins simultaneously did not confer additional benefit. Studies in which singlet oxygen was generated by endoperoxide in the presence of A2E revealed that vitamin E, butylated hydroxytoluene, resveratrol, the trolox analogue, and bilberry reduced A2E-epoxidation by quenching singlet oxygen. Conversely, vitamin C and ginkgolide B were not efficient quenchers of singlet oxygen under these conditions.
Modulation of the Coagulation Cascade Using Aptamers (2015)

As a novel class of therapeutics, aptamers, or nucleic acid ligands, have garnered clinical interest because of the ease of isolating a highly specific aptamer against a wide range of targets, their chemical flexibility and synthesis, and their inherent ability to have their function reversed. The following review details the development and molecular mechanisms of aptamers targeting specific proteases in the coagulation cascade. The ability of these anticoagulant aptamers to bind to and inhibit exosite function rather than binding within the active site highlights the importance of exosites in blocking protein function. As both exosite inhibitors and reversible agents, the use of aptamers is a promising strategy for future therapeutics.
Regulation of Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis in Depression (2004)

The characterization of depression as a treatable disease has led to very significant research aimed at understanding disease mechanisms and treatments. Antidepressant therapy, employing chemical and non-chemical antidepressants are quite successful in treatment of the disorder although their mechanism of action is not well understood. Basic research with rodent models is providing vital evidence concerning the molecules and mechanisms involved in antidepressant action. The regulation of neurotrophic and growth factors observed after antidepressant administration is seen as playing an important role in modulating the therapeutic effects of antidepressants. Recently, adult neurogenesis or the birth of new neurons has emerged as a physiological phenomenon necessary for the behavioral response of antidepressant treatment. Equally interesting are correlative associations between neurogenesis and angiogenesis or the birth of new vasculature. Growth factors such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) play vital roles in both these phenomena making the interplay of neurogenesis and angiogenesis an exciting avenue of brain research. This review will focus on the research that has led us to this current understanding of antidepressant action in context with the pathophysiology of depression using examples from basic, preclinical and clinical investigations.
Reproducibility of noninvasive ultrasonic measurement of carotid atherosclerosis. The Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Plaque Study. (1992)

The results demonstrate that standardized noninvasive ultrasonic techniques yield highly reproducible measures of carotid intimal-medial thickness, which can serve as a measure of carotid atherosclerosis in clinical trials that monitor small rates of lesion progression.
Generation of Retroviral Vector for Clinical Studies Using Transient Transfection (1999)

Transient transfection of 293T cells was utilized to produce high-titer murine recombinant retroviral vectors for clinical studies. This system was initially optimized by gene transfer using different retroviral envelope proteins into activated human CD4+ T lymphocytes in vitro. Higher titer and infectivity were obtained than with stable murine producer lines; titers of 0.3-1 x 10(7) infectious units per milliliter for vectors encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were achieved. Virions pseudotyped with envelope proteins from gibbon ape leukemia virus or amphotropic murine leukemia virus resulted in gene transfer of > or = 50% in CD4+ human T lymphocytes with this marker. Gene transfer of Rev M10 with this vector conferred resistance to HIV infection compared with negative controls in the absence of drug selection. Thus, the efficiency of transduction achieved under these conditions obviated the need to include selection to detect biologic effects in T cells. Finally, a protocol for the production of large-scale supernatants using transient transfection was optimized up to titers of 1.9 x 10(7) IU/ml. These packaging cells can be used to generate high-titer virus in sufficient quantities for clinical studies and will facilitate the rapid, cost-effective generation of improved retroviral, lentiviral, or other viral vectors for human gene therapy.
Syntheses and micellar properties of well‐defined amphiphilic AB2and A2B Y‐shaped miktoarm star copolymers of ε‐caprolactone and 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (2007)

Abstract Well‐defined amphiphilic PCL‐ b ‐(PDMA) 2 and (PCL) 2 ‐ b ‐PDMA Y‐shaped miktoarm star copolymers and PCL‐ b ‐PDMA linear diblock copolymer were synthesized via a combination of ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), where PCL is poly (ε‐caprolactone) and PDMA is poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate). All of these three types of copolymers have comparable PCL contents and overall molecular weights. The PCL block is hydrophobic while the PDMA block is hydrophilic, and they behave like polymeric surfactants and self‐assemble into PCL‐core micelles in aqueous media. The chain architectural effects on the micellization properties, including the aggregation number, size, polydispersity, and micelle densities of (PCL 29 ) 2 ‐ b ‐PDMA 45 , PCL 61 ‐ b ‐(PDMA 24 ) 2 , and PCL 56 ‐ b ‐PDMA 49 in dilute aqueous solution, were then explored by dynamic and static laser light scattering (LLS). The intensity–average hydrodynamic radius, 〈 R h 〉, the aggregation number per micelle, N agg , and the core radius, R core , of the PCL‐core micelles all increased in the order PCL 61 ‐ b ‐(PDMA 24 ) 2 &lt; (PCL 29 ) 2 ‐ b ‐PDMA 45 &lt; PCL 56 ‐ b ‐PDMA 49 . The surface area occupied per soluble PDMA block at the core/corona interface increased in the order PCL 61 ‐ b ‐(PDMA 24 ) 2 &lt; PCL 56 ‐ b ‐PDMA 49 &lt; (PCL 29 ) 2 ‐ b ‐PDMA 45 . PCL 61 ‐ b ‐(PDMA 24 ) 2 micelles had the largest overall micelle density, possibly because of that the presence of two soluble PDMA arms at the junction point favors the bending of the core–corona interface and thus the formation of densely‐packed core‐shell nanostructures. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1446–1462, 2007
Acid‐catalyzed rearrangements of 6‐(p‐tolyhydrazino)‐2‐thiouraeil (1979)

Abstract The action of acid on 6‐( p ‐tolylhydrazino)‐2‐thiouracil gives appreciable amounts of the stable Fischer intermediate, 5‐(2 ‐amino‐5 ‐tolyl)‐6‐amino‐2‐thiouracil. This compound undergoes intramolecular cyclization at high temperatures, and represents the first reported isolation of a diamine intermediate derived from a Fischer‐type indolization reaction.
Phloem mobility of xenobiotics VI. A phloem‐mobile pro‐nematicide based on oxamyl exhibiting root‐specific activation in transgenic tobacco (1995)

Abstract Phloem mobility is a desirable attribute for pesticides in many applications, and the physicochemical properties necessary for phloem mobility are now well understood. However, attempts to derivatize pesticides to make them phloem mobile are often frustrated by a concomitant loss of activity. This study describes a phloem‐mobile pro‐nematicide, a hydroxymethyloxamyl glucuronide (JR522) coupled with an in‐situ activation mechanism in transgenic tobacco expressing Escherichia coli β‐glucuronidase in its root tips. When applied foliarly to the transgenic tobacco, JR522 and its methyl ester (JM775) showed greater nematicidal activity than oxamyl against root‐knot nematodes. This example of combining pro‐pesticide chemistry with crop genetic engineering for site‐specific activation provides a model system for demonstrating how to circumvent the often mutual exclusivity of phloem mobility and pesticidal activity. Additional advantages of this scheme include the potential mammalian safety of the propesticide, as exhibited by JR522 in this study, and a high degree of site‐specific release of xenobiotics in plants.
ZIP Kinase, a Novel Serine/Threonine Kinase Which Mediates Apoptosis (1998)

We have identified a novel serine/threonine kinase, designated ZIP kinase, which mediates apoptosis. ZIP kinase contains a leucine zipper structure at its C terminus, in addition to a kinase domain at its N terminus. ZIP kinase physically binds to ATF4, a member of the activating transcription factor/cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (ATF/CREB) family, through interaction between their leucine zippers. The leucine zipper domain is necessary for the homodimerization of ZIP kinase as well as for the activation of kinase. Immunostaining study showed that ZIP kinase localizes in the nuclei. Overexpression of intact ZIP kinase but not catalytically inactive kinase mutants led to the morphological changes of apoptosis in NIH 3T3 cells, suggesting that the cell death-inducing activity of ZIP kinase depends on its intrinsic kinase activity. Interestingly, the catalytic domain of ZIP kinase is closely related to that of death-associated protein kinase (DAP kinase), which is a mediator of apoptosis induced by gamma interferon. Therefore, both ZIP and DAP kinases represent a novel kinase family, which mediates apoptosis through their catalytic activities.
Regioselective Heck Couplings of α,β-Unsaturated Tosylates and Mesylates with Electron-Rich Olefins (2005)

[chemical reaction: see text]. Highly regioselective Heck couplings of alpha,beta-unsaturated tosylate and mesylate derivatives with N-acyl N-vinylamines and vinyl ethers were achieved. Several 2-alkoxy-1,3-dienes and 2-acylamino-1,3-butadienes were synthesized in good yields using 1.5 mol % of Pd2(dba)3, 3 mol % of DPPF, and diisopropylethylamine in dioxane. When working with alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and esters, this method provides a less costly alternative to similar couplings using a triflate electrophile.
Suppression of stimulation artifacts from myoelectric-evoked potential recordings (1988)

A system that allows detection of single and double differential surface myoelectric signals during electrical stimulation of either the nerve or the muscle motor point, using surface electrodes, is described. The input referred stimulation artifact is limited to less than 24 mu V/sub pp/ by a switching constant current/constant voltage output stage, slew rate limiting, and time windowing of the detected signal. The system is suitable for muscle crosstalk and for muscle fatigue investigation during functional electrical stimulation, in addition to measuring muscle or nerve conduction velocity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nanoscale, Electrified Liquid Jets for High-Resolution Printing of Charge (2010)

Nearly all research in micro- and nanofabrication focuses on the formation of solid structures of materials that perform some mechanical, electrical, optical, or related function. Fabricating patterns of charges, by contrast, is a much less well explored area that is of separate and growing interesting because the associated electric fields can be exploited to control the behavior of nanoscale electronic and mechanical devices, guide the assembly of nanomaterials, or modulate the properties of biological systems. This paper describes a versatile technique that uses fine, electrified liquid jets formed by electrohydrodynamics at micro- and nanoscale nozzles to print complex patterns of both positive and negative charges, with resolution that can extend into the submicrometer and nanometer regime. The reported results establish the basic aspects of this process and demonstrate the capabilities through printed patterns with diverse geometries and charge configurations in a variety of liquid inks, including suspensions of nanoparticles and nanowires. The use of printed charge to control the properties of silicon nanomembrane transistors provides an application example.
The Effects of Magnetite on Oxalate‐ and Dithionite‐Extractable Iron (1983)

Abstract Six soils from a chronosequence were chosen to test the effects of magnetite on using free Fe to estimate relative ages of soils. The acid‐ammonium oxalate and dithionite‐citrate‐bicarbonate methods were used to extract the free Fe from the samples. Iron values from these two extractions were compared for samples from which the magnetite was removed, from which the magnetite was not removed, and from the magnetite fraction itself. Visual examinations were also made of the untreated and treated magnetite grains. The oxalate solution releases Fe from magnetite in proportion to the amount of magnetite in the soil. The dithionite solution does not release Fe from magnetite, but releases Fe from hematite coatings and replacements on the magnetite grains. Large or varying magnetite concentrations can influence the amount of Fe released by either of these methods, and cause errors in estimations of relative age. Magnetite should be removed from the samples prior to treatment by oxalate extraction. Magnetite should be left in the samples to be treated by the dithionite extraction, but the concentration of magnetite in the soils should be noted. In order to get the best possible estimation of relative age using free Fe concentrations, the ratio of magnetite‐free oxalate to dithionite‐extractable Fe should be used.
Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy for Cancer (2019)

Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly-developed, molecularly-targeted cancer photo-therapy based on antibody-photosensitizer conjugates. By crashing cancer cells combined with immuno-activation, NIR-PIT activates anti-cancer immunity resulted in curing local and distant metastatic cancers without recurrence. © 2019 The Author(s)
Distinct in vivo roles of secreted APP ectodomain variants APP sα and APP sβ in regulation of spine density, synaptic plasticity, and cognition (2018)

Increasing evidence suggests that synaptic functions of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is key to Alzheimer pathogenesis, may be carried out by its secreted ectodomain (APPs). The specific roles of APPsα and APPsβ fragments, generated by non-amyloidogenic or amyloidogenic APP processing, respectively, remain however unclear. Here, we expressed APPsα or APPsβ in the adult brain of conditional double knockout mice (cDKO) lacking APP and the related APLP2. APPsα efficiently rescued deficits in spine density, synaptic plasticity (LTP and PPF), and spatial reference memory of cDKO mice. In contrast, APPsβ failed to show any detectable effects on synaptic plasticity and spine density. The C-terminal 16 amino acids of APPsα (lacking in APPsβ) proved sufficient to facilitate LTP in a mechanism that depends on functional nicotinic α7-nAChRs. Further, APPsα showed high-affinity, allosteric potentiation of heterologously expressed α7-nAChRs in oocytes. Collectively, we identified α7-nAChRs as a crucial physiological receptor specific for APPsα and show distinct <i>in vivo</i> roles for APPsα versus APPsβ. This implies that reduced levels of APPsα that might occur during Alzheimer pathogenesis cannot be compensated by APPsβ.