gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Immunoglobulin Superfamily Cell Adhesion Molecules in Cancer Metastasis (2012)

Metastasis is a major clinical problem and results in a poor prognosis for most cancers. The metastatic pathway describes the process by which cancer cells give rise to a metastatic lesion in a new tissue or organ. It consists of interconnecting steps all of which must be successfully completed to result in a metastasis. Cell-cell adhesion is a key aspect of many of these steps. Adhesion molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (Ig-SF) commonly play a central role in cell-cell adhesion, and a number of these molecules have been associated with cancer progression and a metastatic phenotype. Surprisingly, the contribution of Ig-SF members to metastasis has not received the attention afforded other cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) such as the integrins. Here we examine the steps in the metastatic pathway focusing on how the Ig-SF members, melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), L1CAM, neural CAM (NCAM), leukocyte CAM (ALCAM), intercellular CAM-1 (ICAM-1) and platelet endothelial CAM-1 (PECAM-1) could play a role. Although much remains to be understood, this review aims to raise the profile of Ig-SF members in metastasis formation and prompt further research that could lead to useful clinical outcomes.
Quantitative assessment of enzyme specificity in vivo : P 2 recognition by Kex2 protease defined in a genetic system (1998)

The specificity of the yeast proprotein-processing Kex2 protease was examined in vivo by using a sensitive, quantitative assay. A truncated prepro-alpha-factor gene encoding an alpha-factor precursor with a single alpha-factor repeat was constructed with restriction sites for cassette mutagenesis flanking the single Kex2 cleavage site (-SLDKR downward arrowEAEA-). All of the 19 substitutions for the Lys (P2) residue in the cleavage site were made. The wild-type and mutant precursors were expressed in a yeast strain lacking the chromosomal genes encoding Kex2 and prepro-alpha-factor. Cleavage of the 20 sites by Kex2, expressed at the wild-type level, was assessed by using a quantitative-mating assay with an effective range greater than six orders of magnitude. All substitutions for Lys at P2 decreased mating, from 2-fold for Arg to >10(6)-fold for Trp. Eviction of the Kex2-encoding plasmid indicated that cleavage of mutant sites by other cellular proteases was not a complicating factor. Mating efficiencies of strains expressing the mutant precursors correlated well with the specificity (kcat/KM) of purified Kex2 for comparable model peptide substrates, validating the in vivo approach as a quantitative method. The results support the conclusion that KM, which is heavily influenced by the nature of the P2 residue, is a major determinant of cleavage efficiency in vivo. P2 preference followed the rank order: Lys > Arg > Thr > Pro > Glu > Ile > Ser > Ala > Asn > Val > Cys > AsP > Gln > Gly > His > Met > Leu > Tyr > Phe > Trp.
Integration of Non-Lambertian LED and Reflective Optical Element as Efficient Street Lamp (2010)

A cost effective, high throughput, and high yield method for the increase of street lamp potency was proposed in this paper. We integrated the imprinting technology and the reflective optical element to obtain a street lamp with high illumination efficiency and without glare effect. The imprinting technique can increase the light extraction efficiency and modulate the intensity distribution in the chip level. The non-Lambertian light source was achieved by using imprinting technique. The compact reflective optical element was added to efficiently suppress the emitting light intensity with small emitting angle for the uniform of illumination intensity and excluded the light with high emitting angle for the prevention of glare. Compared to the conventional street lamp, the novel design has 40% enhancement in illumination intensity, the uniform illumination and the glare effect elimination.
Heat Transport Capability in an Oscillating Heat Pipe (2008)

A mathematical model predicting the oscillating motion in an oscillating heat pipe is developed. The model considers the vapor bubble as the gas spring for the oscillating motions including effects of operating temperature, nonlinear vapor bulk modulus, and temperature difference between the evaporator and the condenser. Combining the oscillating motion predicted by the model, a mathematical model predicting the temperature difference between the evaporator and the condenser is developed including the effects of the forced convection heat transfer due to the oscillating motion, the confined evaporating heat transfer in the evaporating section, and the thin film condensation in the condensing section. In order to verify the mathematical model, an experimental investigation was conducted on a copper oscillating heat pipe with eight turns. Experimental results indicate that there exists an onset power input for the excitation of oscillating motions in an oscillating heat pipe, i.e., when the input power or the temperature difference from the evaporating section to the condensing section was higher than this onset value the oscillating motion started, resulting in an enhancement of the heat transfer in the oscillating heat pipe. Results of the combined theoretical and experimental investigation will assist in optimizing the heat transfer performance and provide a better understanding of heat transfer mechanisms occurring in the oscillating heat pipe.
Characterization of fibroblastic stromal cells from murine bone marrow. (1985)

Several properties of fibroblastic colony-forming units (CFU-F) from murine bone marrow and their in vitro progeny were evaluated. CFU-F had a high buoyant density relative to total bone marrow cells; they were noncycling in situ and adhered to nylon wool. The fibroblastic cells stained positively for fibronectin, lipid, alkaline phosphatase, and nonspecific esterase, while phagocytosis assays were negative, and ultrastructural analysis failed to reveal desmosomes. These properties contrasted bone-marrow-derived fibroblastic cells to both endothelial cells and macrophages. Fibroblastic cells derived from several hemopoietic organs and skin were screened for antigenic determinants present on hemopoietic cells using monoclonal antibodies. Mac-1 and B220 were absent from all fibroblastic cells studied, whereas the Forsmann and Pgp-1 antigens were always present. Thy-1 was not detected on bone-marrow-derived fibroblasts, but was present on fibroblastic cells derived from other sources. T200 was found on all hemopoietic organ-derived fibroblastic cells, but not on those derived from blood and skin. Thus, analysis of antigenic determinants allowed distinction between fibroblastic cells from different organs.
Electrospun nanofibrous structure: A novel scaffold for tissue engineering (2002)

The architecture of an engineered tissue substitute plays an important role in modulating tissue growth. A novel poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) structure with a unique architecture produced by an electrospinning process has been developed for tissue-engineering applications. Electrospinning is a process whereby ultra-fine fibers are formed in a high-voltage electrostatic field. The electrospun structure, composed of PLGA fibers ranging from 500 to 800 nm in diameter, features a morphologic similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural tissue, which is characterized by a wide range of pore diameter distribution, high porosity, and effective mechanical properties. Such a structure meets the essential design criteria of an ideal engineered scaffold. The favorable cell-matrix interaction within the cellular construct supports the active biocompatibility of the structure. The electrospun nanofibrous structure is capable of supporting cell attachment and proliferation. Cells seeded on this structure tend to maintain phenotypic shape and guided growth according to nanofiber orientation. This novel biodegradable scaffold has potential applications for tissue engineering based upon its unique architecture, which acts to support and guide cell growth.
Dempster Shafer Grid-based Hybrid Fusion of Virtual Lanes for Autonomous Driving (2019)

Lane estimation plays a central role in the context of self-driving vehicles, requiring clear road markings and a high quality infrastructure. To meet the safety requirements and manage difficult use cases (i.e. poor quality or absence of road- marking, traffic jams, severe weather conditions, etc.) without depending on cartography and lane markings, we propose a lidar-based Virtual Lanes (VL) generation system to provide a comfortable and safe ride. For this purpose, hybrid fusion based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) coupled with a particle filter is introduced. Two VL strategies are merged: the first constructs virtual lanes based on independent road-borders detection, while the second uses moving objects trajectories. A novel lane similarity computation is also adopted in order to estimate an effective lane comparison. The performance is reported through extensive experiments with Valeo demo-car on highway and beltway roads. Experimental results demonstrate the accurate and robust performance of the proposed system.
AppLens and launchTile (2005)

We present two interfaces to support one-handed thumb use for PDAs and cell phones. Both use Scalable User Interface (ScUI) techniques to support multiple devices with different resolutions and aspect ratios. The designs use variations of zooming interface techniques to provide multiple views of application data: AppLens uses tabular fisheye to access nine applications, while LaunchTile uses pure zoom to access thirty-six applications. We introduce two sets of thumb gestures, each representing different philosophies for one-handed interaction. We conducted two studies to evaluate our designs. In the first study, we explored whether users could learn and execute the AppLens gesture set with minimal training. Participants performed more accurately and efficiently using gestures for directional navigation than using gestures for object interaction. In the second study, we gathered user reactions to each interface, as well as comparative preferences. With minimal exposure to each design, most users favored AppLens's tabular fisheye interface.
Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Bexarotene (L1069-49)/Cisplatin/Vinorelbine With Cisplatin/Vinorelbine in Chemotherapy-Naïve Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: SPIRIT I (2008)

The addition of bexarotene to first-line chemotherapy did not increase survival in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, a subgroup (32%) of bexarotene-treated patients developing high-grade hypertriglyceridemia appeared to have better survival (12.3 months) than controls; thus triglyceride response may be a biomarker of survival benefit with bexarotene.
New 4,4′-Bis(9-carbazolyl)–Biphenyl Derivatives with Locked Carbazole–Biphenyl Junctions: High-Triplet State Energy Materials (2015)

We synthesized a series of 4,4′-bis(9-carbazolyl)–biphenyl (CBP) derivatives, using methyl groups as spatially demanding groups, locking the angle between the carbazole subunit and the biphenyl backbone as potential matrix material for blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The locked rotation was achieved by four methyl groups either in positions 1 and 8 of the carbazole subunit (1) or in positions 3, 5, 3′, and 5′ of the biphenyl subunit (2), and the fixed spatial arrangement was confirmed by X-ray analysis. The physical properties of CBP derivatives based on parent structure 2 were further tailored by electron-withdrawing CF3 groups in positions 3 and 6 (3) or positions 2 and 7 of the carbazole subunits (4) or alternatively by electron-donating CH3O groups in positions 2 and 7 (5) of the same building blocks. Increased triplet energies (ET) compared to that of the parent compound CBP were found for all synthesized CBP derivatives 1–5. Enhanced glass transition temperatures ranging between 129 and 202 °C further corroborate the application potential of these derivatives for matrix material in blue OLEDs.
Making big gestures (2014)

Co-located work environments allow people to maintain awareness by observing others' actions (called consequen-tial communication), but the computerization of many tasks has dramatically reduced the observability of work actions. The recent interest in gestural interaction techniques offers the possibility of recreating some of the noticeability of previous work actions, but little is known about the observability and identifiability of command gestures. To investigate these basic issues, we carried out a study that asked people to observe and identify different sizes and morphologies of gestures from different locations, while carrying out an attention-demanding primary task. We studied small (tablet sized), medium (monitor-sized), and large (full-arm) gestures. Our study showed that although size did have significant effects, as expected, even small gestures were highly noticeable (rates above 75%) and identifiable (rates above 69%). Our results provide empirical guidance about the ways that gesture size, morphology, and location affect observation, and show that gestural interaction has potential for improving group awareness in co-located environments.
Bulk and nanostructure Group II-VI compounds from molecular organometallic precursors (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBulk and nanostructure Group II-VI compounds from molecular organometallic precursorsJ. G. Brennan, T. Siegrist, P. J. Carroll, S. M. Stuczynski, P. Reynders, L. E. Brus, and M. L. SteigerwaldCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 4, 403–409Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00010a017https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00010a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views663Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Dynamic lithium-ion battery model for system simulation (2002)

Presents here a complete dynamic model of a lithium ion battery that is suitable for virtual-prototyping of portable battery-powered systems. The model accounts for nonlinear equilibrium potentials, rate- and temperature-dependencies, thermal effects and response to transient power demand. The model is based on publicly available data such as the manufacturers' data sheets. The Sony US18650 is used as an example. The model output agrees both with manufacturer's data and with experimental results. The model can be easily modified to fit data from different batteries and can be extended for wide dynamic ranges of different temperatures and current rates.
XY female mice resulting from a heritable mutation in the primary testis determining gene, Tdy (1990)

Chimeric mice constructed with XY embryonic stem (ES) cells that had been multiply infected with a retroviral vector were used in a genetic screen to look for mutations affecting the sex determination pathway in mice. From a small number of chimeras screened one was identified that gave rise to a low proportion of XY females amongst his offspring. Analysis of the segregating patterns of retroviral insertions demonstrated that the mutation was found in a subset of the offspring derived from one originally infected ES cell. However, the mutation appeared to have occurred subsequent to the infection. Some of the XY females proved to be fertile, and the mutant phenotype was found to segregate exclusively with the Y chromosome. Analysis of the offspring also confirmed the absence of any retroviral insertion that could be correlated with the mutation. Further characterisation of the Y chromosome carrying the mutation by karyotypic analysis, and by Southern blotting with a range of Y-specific DNA probes suggested that there has been no gross deletion or rearrangement of the Y carrying the mutation. There also appeared to be no loss of Y-specific gene functions apart from that of testis determination. Moreover, the mutation is complemented by Sxr', the minimum portion of the mouse Y known to carry Tdy. From the phenotype and deduced location of the mutation, we conclude that it is within the Tdy locus. This is the first such mutation to be described in mice.
Dysphagia After Head Trauma: The Effect of Cognitive-Communicative Impairments on Functional Outcomes (1999)

This article discusses the impact of cognitive-communicative and behavior problems on oral intake. Data on the swallowing outcomes of a group of patients in an acute rehabilitation facility are presented. These data illustrate the relationships among severity of dysphagia, admission and discharge Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores, admission and discharge cognitive FIM scores and length of stay. Two case studies that describe the effect of cognitive-communicative disorders on dysphagia are provided.
Acetylcholine-Synthesizing T Cells Relay Neural Signals in a Vagus Nerve Circuit (2011)

Neural circuits regulate cytokine production to prevent potentially damaging inflammation. A prototypical vagus nerve circuit, the inflammatory reflex, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production in spleen by a mechanism requiring acetylcholine signaling through the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed on cytokine-producing macrophages. Nerve fibers in spleen lack the enzymatic machinery necessary for acetylcholine production; therefore, how does this neural circuit terminate in cholinergic signaling? We identified an acetylcholine-producing, memory phenotype T cell population in mice that is integral to the inflammatory reflex. These acetylcholine-producing T cells are required for inhibition of cytokine production by vagus nerve stimulation. Thus, action potentials originating in the vagus nerve regulate T cells, which in turn produce the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, required to control innate immune responses.
Loss of the ataxia–telangiectasia gene product causes oxidative damage in target organs (1999)

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is characterized by a markedly increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation, increased incidence of cancer, and neurodegeneration, especially of the cerebellar Purkinje cells. Ionizing radiation oxidizes macromolecules and causes tissue damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We therefore hypothesized that A-T is due to oxidative damage resulting from loss of function of the A-T gene product. To assess this hypothesis, we employed an animal model of A-T, the mouse with a disrupted Atm gene. We show that organs which develop pathologic changes in the Atm-deficient mice are targets of oxidative damage, and that cerebellar Purkinje cells are particularly affected. These observations provide a mechanistic basis for the A-T phenotype and lay a rational foundation for therapeutic intervention.
Mechanism of Inhibition of Human KSP by Ispinesib (2008)

KSP, also known as HsEg5, is a kinesin that plays an essential role in the formation of a bipolar mitotic spindle and is required for cell cycle progression through mitosis. Ispinesib is the first potent, highly specific small-molecule inhibitor of KSP tested for the treatment of human disease. This novel anticancer agent causes mitotic arrest and growth inhibition in several human tumor cell lines and is currently being tested in multiple phase II clinical trials. In this study we have used steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetic assays to define the mechanism of KSP inhibition by ispinesib. Our data show that ispinesib alters the ability of KSP to bind to microtubules and inhibits its movement by preventing the release of ADP without preventing the release of the KSP-ADP complex from the microtubule. This type of inhibition is consistent with the physiological effect of ispinesib on cells, which is to prevent KSP-driven mitotic spindle pole separation. A comparison of ispinesib to monastrol, another small-molecule inhibitor of KSP, reveals that both inhibitors share a common mode of inhibition.
The Complement System Plays a Critical Role in the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Anterior Uveitis (2006)

The study provided the novel finding that complement activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ocular autoimmunity and may serve as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
A myristoylated pseudosubstrate peptide, a novel protein kinase C inhibitor. (1993)

Synthetic peptides corresponding to the pseudosubstrate domains of protein kinase C (PKC) have been used as specific inhibitors of PKC in in vitro assays and permeabilized cell systems. However, their use in vivo was hampered by the impermeability of the plasma membrane for such peptides. Here, we show that N-myristoylation of the PKC pseudosubstrate nonapeptide Phe-Ala-Arg-Lys-Gly-Ala-Leu-Arg-Gln permits its use as an inhibitor of PKC in intact cells. The myristoylated peptide, myr-psi PKC, inhibits phosphorylation of the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate protein, as induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, and the activation of phospholipase D by bradykinin, which strictly depends on PKC. Half-maximal inhibition is obtained at concentrations of 8 and 20 microM, respectively. An N-myristoylated peptide derived from an inhibitor protein of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases, Myr-Gly-Arg-Arg-Asn-Ala-Ile-His-Asp-Ile, was ineffective. These results show that myr-psi PKC is a selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of PKC.