gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subtle Side-Chain Modifications of the Hop Phytoestrogen 8-Prenylnaringenin Result in Distinct Agonist/Antagonist Activity Profiles for Estrogen Receptors α and β (2006)

In search of therapeutic agents for estrogen-related pathologies, phytoestrogens are being extensively explored. In contrast to naringenin, 8-prenylnaringenin is a potent hop-derived estrogenic compound, highlighting the importance of the prenyl group for hormonal activity. We investigated the effects of substituting the prenyl group at C(8) with alkyl chains of varying lengths and branching patterns on estrogen receptor (ER) subtype ERalpha- and ERbeta-binding affinities and transcriptional activities. In addition, features of the ligand-induced receptor conformations were explored using a set of specific ER-binding peptides. The new 8-alkylnaringenins were found to span an activity spectrum ranging from full agonism to partial agonism to antagonism. Most strikingly, 8-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)naringenin exhibited full agonist character on ERalpha, but pronounced antagonist character on ERbeta. Knowledge on how ER-subtype-selective activities can be designed provides valuable information for future drug or tool compound discovery.
ChemInform Abstract: Treatment of Boron‐Containing Pentasil‐Type Zeolites Under “Boron‐ Extracting” Conditions. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Using Collaborative/Consultative Service Delivery Models for Fluency Intervention and Carryover (1991)

Approaches to working with school personnel to enlist their involvement and assistance in fluency assessment and treatment programs in their schools are described. An environmental approach to the evaluation of fluency, including observations of students in a variety of academic and social situations in addition to information-exchange meetings and interviews between clinician and school personnel is described. A classroom-based fluency program using collaborative service delivery models is presented.
In Vivo Selection and Characterization of Metastatic Variants from Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma by Using Orthotopic Implantation in Nude Mice (1999)

We determined whether the implantation of human pancreatic cancer cells into the pancreas of nude mice can be used to select variants with increasing metastatic potential. COLO 357 line fast-growing cells were injected into the spleen or pancreas of nude mice. Hepatic metastases were harvested, and tumor cells were reinjected into the spleen or pancreas. This cycle was repeated several times to yield cell lines L3.6sl (spleen to liver) and L3.6pl (pancreas to liver). The variant cells produced significantly higher incidence and number of lymph node and liver metastases than the parental cells. Their increased metastatic potential was associated with increased expression (mRNA and protein) of the proangiogenic molecules basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukin-8. The metastatic cells also exhibited increased motility and invasiveness, which were associated with increased expression of collagenase type IV (MMP-9) and decreased expression of E-cadherin. Collectively, the data show that the orthotopic implantation of human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice is a relevant model with which to study the biology of pancreatic cancer metastasis and to select variant cell lines with enhanced metastatic potential.
Friend recommendation with a target user in social networking services (2015)

Friend recommendation is one of the primary functions in social networking services. Suggesting friends has been done by calculating node-to-node similarity based on topological location in a network or contents on a user's profile. However, this recommendation does not reflect the interest of the user. In this paper, we propose a friend recommendation problem in which the source user wants to get more attention from a special target. The goal of our friend recommendation is finding a set of nodes, which maximizes user's influence on the target. To deliver this problem, we introduce information propagation model on online social networks and define two measures: influence and reluctance. Based on the model, we suggest an IKA(Incremental Katz Approximation) algorithm to effectively recommend relevant users. Our method is compared with topology-based friend recommendation method on synthetic graph datasets, and we show interesting friend recommendation behaviors depending on the topological location of users.
A composite high-voltage device using low-voltage SOI MOSFETs (2002)

A circuit is described that uses low-voltage transistors to form a high-voltage composite device. The circuit is a series string of SOI (silicon-on-insulator) MOSFETs and associated biasing elements fabricated using a modified nMOS process on a SIMOX (separation by implantation of oxygen) substrate. The circuit voltages higher than the breakdown voltage of a single transistor by dividing the applied voltage among the transistors in the string. MOSFET-like characteristics with breakdown voltage up to 60 V are demonstrated using a string of 25 SOI MOSFETs, each with a breakdown voltage of 6-7 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparative study of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human erythropoietins purified from urine and the culture medium of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells. (1988)

The asparagine-linked sugar chains of human erythropoietin produced by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells and naturally occurring human urinary erythropoietin were liberated by hydrazinolysis and fractionated by paper electrophoresis, lectin affinity chromatography, and Bio-Gel P-4 column chromatography. Both erythropoietins had three asparagine-linked sugar chains in one molecule, all of which were acidic complex type. Structural analysis of them revealed that the sugar chains from both erythropoietins are quite similar except for sialyl linkage. All sugar chains of erythropoietin produced by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells contain only the NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal linkage, while those of human urinary erythropoietin contain the NeuAc alpha 2----6Gal linkage together with the NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal linkage. The major sugar chains were of fucosylated tetraantennary complex type with and without N-acetyllactosamine repeating units in their outer chain moieties in common, and small amounts of 2,4- and 2,6-branched triantennary and biantennary sugar chains were detected. This paper proved, for the first time, that recombinant technique can produce glycoprotein hormone whose carbohydrate structures are common to the major sugar chains of the native one.
Fiber-Bragg-grating force sensor based on a wavelength-switched self-seeded Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode (2005)

We demonstrate a simple fiber-optic sensor for the measurement of transverse force, where a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as a sensing element as well as a wavelength-selection element for a self-seeded Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode (FP-LD). When a transverse force is applied on the FBG, the birefringence induced in the fiber causes the FP-LD to emit short pulses at two close wavelengths. The wavelength separation of the pulses is converted into a time difference between the two pulse trains by using a dispersive single-mode fiber, so that wavelength measurement is replaced by the much less expensive time-difference measurement. To extend the measurement range, the laser is made to emit at the two wavelengths alternately by using a polarization-switching technique. The sensor also allows compensation for any isotropic drift on the Bragg wavelength of the FBG.
Local application of bacteria improves safety of Salmonella -mediated tumor therapy and retains advantages of systemic infection (2017)

Cancer is a devastating disease and a large socio-economic burden. Novel therapeutic solutions are on the rise, although a cure remains elusive. Application of microorganisms represents an ancient therapeutic strategy, lately revoked and refined via simultaneous attenuation and amelioration of pathogenic properties. Salmonella Typhimurium has prevailed in preclinical development. Yet, using virulent strains for systemic treatment might cause severe side effects. In the present study, we highlight a modified strain based on Salmonella Typhimurium UK-1 expressing hexa-acylated Lipid A. We corroborate improved anti-tumor properties of this strain and investigate to which extent an intra-tumoral (i.t.) route of infection could help improve safety and retain advantages of systemic intravenous (i.v.) application. Our results show that i.t. infection exhibits therapeutic efficacy against CT26 and F1.A11 tumors similar to a systemic route of inoculation. Moreover, i.t. application allows extensive dose titration without compromising tumor colonization. Adverse colonization of healthy organs was generally reduced via i.t. infection and accompanied by less body weight loss of the murine host. Despite local application, adjuvanticity remained, and a CT26-specific CD8+ T cell response was effectively stimulated. Most interestingly, also secondary tumors could be targeted with this strategy, thereby extending the unique tumor targeting ability of Salmonella. The i.t. route of inoculation may reap the benefits of systemic infection and aid in safety assurance while directing potency of an oncolytic vector to where it is most needed, namely the primary tumor.
Activity-Based Protein Profiling in Vivo Using a Copper(I)-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne [3 + 2] Cycloaddition (2003)

Toward the goal of assigning function to the tens of thousands of protein products encoded by eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, the field of proteomics requires new technologies that can functionally characterize proteins within the dynamic environment of the cell, where these biomolecules are subject to myriad posttranslational modifications and the actions of endogenous activators and inhibitors. Here, we report an advanced strategy for activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) that addresses this important need. We show that several enzymes can be labeled in an activity-based manner both in vitro and in vivo by an azido-sulfonate ester probe and that these labeling events can be detected in whole proteomes by copper-catalyzed ligation with a rhodamine-alkyne reagent. This click chemistry-based strategy for ABPP represents a unique and versatile method for functional proteome analysis.
Putative Transport Mechanism and Intracellular Fate of Trans-1-Amino-3-18F-Fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic Acid in Human Prostate Cancer (2011)

ASCT2, which is a Na(+)-dependent amino acid transporter, and to a lesser extent Na(+)-independent transporters play a role in the uptake of (14)C-FACBC by DU145 cells. Among the Na(+)-independent transporters, system L transporters are also involved in the transport of (14)C-FACBC. Moreover, (14)C-FACBC is not incorporated into proteins in cells. These findings suggest a possible mechanism of anti-(18)F-FACBC PET for prostate cancer.
Synthesis of a New Cre Recombinase Gene Based on Optimal Codon Usage for Mammalian Systems (2000)

The origin of the Cre recombinase gene is bacteriophage P1, and thus the codon usages are different from in mammals. In order to adapt this codon usage for mammals, we synthesized a "mammalian Cre recombinase gene" and examined its expression in Chinese hamster ovarian tumor (CHO) cells. Significant increases in protein production as well as mRNA levels were observed. When the recombination efficiency was compared using CHO cell transfectants having a cDNA containing loxP sites, the "mammalian Cre recombinase gene" recombined the loxP sites much more efficiently than the wild-type Cre recombinase gene.
The design of the DEC 3000 Model 500 AXP workstation (2002)

Discusses the architecture and features of the DEC 3000 Model 500 AXP workstation, describes the design methodology used in developing the system, and compares the performance of the system with that of other workstations of approximately the same cost. The system uses the new DECchip 21064 microprocessor operating at 150 MHz. A crossbar switch implemented in CMOS ASICs provides high-bandwidth, low-latency interconnects between the CPU, the main memory, and the I/O subsystem. The system includes a 512-kByte secondary cache and up to 1 GByte of main memory. The I/O subsystem includes an integral 2D graphics accelerator, SCSI, ISDN, and six TURBOchannel expansion slots.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The preimplantation mouse embryo is a target for cannabinoid ligand-receptor signaling. (1995)

Using a reverse transcription-coupled PCR, we demonstrated that both brain and spleen type cannabinoid receptor (CB1-R and CB2-R, respectively) mRNAs are expressed in the preimplantation mouse embryo. The CB1-R mRNA expression was coincident with the activation of the embryonic genome late in the two-cell stage, whereas the CB2-R mRNA was present from the one-cell through the blastocyst stages. The major psychoactive component of marijuana (-)-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [(-)-THC] inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP generation in the blastocyst, and this inhibition was prevented by pertussis toxin. However, the inactive cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) failed to influence this response. These results suggest that cannabinoid receptors in the embryo are coupled to inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding proteins. Further, the oviduct and uterus exhibited the enzymatic capacity to synthesize the putative endogenous cannabinoid ligand arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide). Synthetic and natural cannabinoid agonists [WIN 55,212-2, CP 55,940, (-)-THC, and anandamide], but not CBD or arachidonic acid, arrested the development of two-cell embryos primarily between the four-cell and eight-cell stages in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Anandamide also interfered with the development of eight-cell embryos to blastocysts in culture. The autoradiographic studies readily detected binding of [3H]anandamide in embryos at all stages of development. Positive signals were present in one-cell embryos and all blastomeres of two-cell through four-cell embryos. However, most of the binding sites in eight-cell embryos and morulae were present in the outer cells. In the blastocyst, these signals were primarily localized in the mural trophectoderm with low levels of signals in the polar trophectoderm, while little or no signals were noted in inner cell mass cells. These results establish that the preimplantation mouse embryo is a target for cannabinoid ligands. Consequently, many of the adverse effects of cannabinoids observed during pregnancy could be mediated via these cannabinoid receptors. Although the physiological significance of the cannabinoid ligand-receptor signaling in normal preimplantation embryo development is not yet clear, the regulation of embryonic cAMP and/or Ca2+ levels via this signaling pathway may be important for normal embryonic development and/or implantation.
Germ plasm in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila and Xenopus (1998)

Special cytoplasm, called germ plasm, that is essential for the differentiation of germ cells is localized in a particular region of Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila and Xenopus eggs. The mode of founder cell formation of germline, the origin and behavior of the germline granules, and the molecules localized in germline cells are compared in these organisms. The common characteristics of the organisms are mainly as follows. First, the founder cells of germline are established before the initiation of gastrulation. Second, the germline granules or their derivatives are always present in germline cells or germ cells throughout the life cycle in embryos, larvae, and adults. Lastly, among the proteins localized in the germ plasm, only Vasa protein or its homolog is detected in the germline cells or germ cells throughout the life cycle. As the protein of vasa homolog has been reported to be also localized in the germline-specific structure or nuage in some of the organisms without the germ plasm, the possibility that the mechanism for differentiation of primordial germ cells is basically common in all organisms with or without the germ plasm is discussed.
Effects of Pigments on Coating Properties (2006)

Many of the properties of coating films are affected by the ratio of pigment volume to the total volume of a dry film of the coating. Pigment volume concentration (PVC) affects such properties as gloss, tinting strength, permeability, tensile strength, staining, intercoat adhesion. With any given combination of resins and pigments there is a critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC) at which many properties change quite abruptly. In general terms, CPVC decreases as particle size decreases because of adsorption of resin on pigment surfaces. For any given pigment or combination of pigments CPVC increases as particle size distribution increases. There has been an increasing interest in the effects of nano size pigments on coatings.
The Prospero Resource Manager: A scalable framework for processor allocation in distributed systems (1994)

Abstract Existing techniques for allocating processors in parallel and distributed systems are not suitable for use in large distributed systems. In such systems, dedicated multiprocessors should exist as an integral component of the distributed system, and idle processors should be available to applications that need them. The Prospero Resource Manager (PRM) is a scalable resource allocation system that supports the allocation of processing resources in large networks and on multiprocessor systems. PRM employs three types of managers‐the job manager, the system manager and the node manager‐to manage resources in a distributed system. Multiple independent instances of each type of manager exist, reducing bottlenecks. When making scheduling decisions each manager utilizes information most closely associated with the entities for which it is responsible.
Interactive visual analysis of anomalous accounts payable transactions in SAP enterprise systems (2015)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of implementing multi-view visualization methods to assist auditors in reviewing the integrity of high-volume accounting transactions. Modern enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems record several thousands of transactions daily. This makes it difficult to find a few instances of anomalous activities among legitimate transactions. Although continuous auditing and continuous monitoring systems perform substantial analytics, they often produce lengthy reports that require painstaking post-analysis. Approaches that reduce the burden of excessive information are more likely to contribute to the overall effectiveness of the audit process. The authors address this issue by designing and testing the use of visualization methods to present information graphically, to assist auditors in detecting anomalous and potentially fraudulent accounts payable transactions. The strength of the authors ' approach is its capacity for discovery and recognition of new and unexpected insights. Design/methodology/approach – Data were obtained from the SAP enterprise (ERP) system of a real-world organization. A framework for performing visual analytics was developed and applied to the data to determine its usefulness and effectiveness in identifying anomalous activities. Findings – The paper provides valuable insights into understanding the use of different types of visualizations to effectively identify anomalous activities. Research limitations/implications – Because this study emphasizes asset misappropriation, generalizing these findings to other categories of fraud, such as accounts receivable, must be made with caution. Practical implications – This paper provides a framework for developing an automated visualization solution which may have implications in practice. Originality/value – This paper demonstrates the need to understand the effectiveness of visualizations in detecting accounting fraud. This is directly applicable to organizations investigating methods of improving fraud detection in their ERP systems.
Global Gene Expression Analysis of Reactive Stroma in Prostate Cancer (2009)

Formation of reactive stroma in prostate cancer is a dynamic process characterized by significant alterations in growth factor and signal transduction pathways and formation of new structures, including nerves and axons.
Protectivity of an Immunoaffinity-Purified 39kDa Capsular Protein of Avian Pasteurella multocida in Mice (2004)

A 39 kDa protein of avian Pasteurella multocida strain P-1059 (serovar A:3) was purified from a crude capsular extract by immunoaffinity chromatography by using a ligand of purified mouse monoclonal antibody to the 39 kDa capsular protein of the strain. Protective activity of the purified 39 kDa protein antigen was determined by inoculation of ddY mice twice with 25 or 125 mug of the protein and challenge-exposure with 10 or 50 LD(50) of strains P-1059 or X-73 (serovar A:1). The results showed that the antigen gave high protection (60 to 100%). These results indicated that the 39 kDa protein of avian P. multocida is a cross-protective antigen over serovars A:1 and A:3.
[Inhibition of lipoprotein lipolysis by polyarginine and evaluation of the mechanism of its interaction with lipoprotein lipase]. (1985)

It was found that polyarginine (Mr 40 000-60 000) is a strong inhibitor of the lipoprotein lipase activity in vivo and in vitro. The inhibitory effect in vivo was observed after a single intravenous injection of 0.85-3.5 mg/kg to rabbits, that in vitro at the polypeptide concentration of greater than or equal to 2.5 micrograms/ml. Within the first few hours after intravenous injection of polyarginine hyperlipidemia occurred with an obvious increase in the plasma triglyceride and VLDL fractions and a slight decrease of the LDL and HDL fractions. These changes typical for reduced lipoprotein lipolysis were due to the formation of a polyarginine-heparin complex, on the one hand, and to the formation of a polyarginine-enzyme complex devoid of the lipolytic properties, on the other. The inhibitory effect of polyarginine on lipoprotein lipase is related to the whole polypeptide molecule or its large fragment, since arginine and metformine (bi-guanidine compound) have no effect on the enzyme activity.
Hateful Symbols or Hateful People? Predictive Features for Hate Speech Detection on Twitter (2016)

Hate speech in the form of racist and sexist remarks are a common occurrence on social media. For that reason, many social media services address the problem of identifying hate speech, but the definition of hate speech varies markedly and is largely a manual effort. We provide a list of criteria founded in critical race theory, and use them to annotate a publicly available corpus of more than 16k tweets. We analyze the impact of various extra-linguistic features in conjunction with character n-grams for hate-speech detection. We also present a dictionary based the most indicative words in our data.