gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical progression of breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 (2011)

BRCA1 is a breast cancer susceptibility gene,which related to breast cancer,ovarian cancer and other cancers.The occurrence of breast cancer is related to gene mutation.In recent years,more and more researches indicated some clinical characteristics of breast cancer relevant to BBCA1,such as the reaction to chemotherapy,radiotherapy and operation. This review will provide guidance for future application of BRCA1 in clinic by introducing the clinical progression of it.

Key words: 
Genes,BRCA1; Breast neoplasms; Therapy; Prognosis
A survey of modern high-performance switching techniques (1989)

A survey of high-performance switch fabric architectures which incorporate fast packet switching as their underlying switching technique to handle various traffic types is presented. A descriptive overview of the major activities in this rapidly evolving field of telecommunications is given. The switch fabrics are classified into the following categories: banyan and buffered banyan-based fabrics, sort-banyan-based fabrics fabrics with disjoint-path topology and output queuing, crossbar-based fabrics, time division fabrics with common packet memory, and fabrics with shared medium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Application of Semantic Field Theory to English Vocabulary Learning (2013)

This paper explores the application of the semantic field theory in English vocabulary learning. It first investigates classifications of various semantic relations, including hyponym, antonymy, synonymy, etc. Then it illustrates with abundant examples how to employ each sense relation in learning vocabulary with the application of the semantic field theory. The study is of non-neglectable significance in that it helps to enlarge learners' vocabulary by constructing sense relations of new words and to help learners' mastery of vocabulary, so that they can learn English vocabulary more efficiently and systematically.
Survey of Methods for Modeling Sound Propagation in Interactive Virtual Environment Systems (2003)

This paper surveys concepts, algorithms, and systems for modeling sound propagation in interactive virtual environment applications. First, we review physically-based geometric algorithms for modeling the propagation of early arriving sound waves. Second, we describe perceptually-based statistical techniques that provide late reverberation effects. Finally, we compare auditory display systems that produce spatialized sounds using headphones or speakers.
The Yeast Hsp110 Family Member, Sse1, Is an Hsp90 Cochaperone (1999)

In eukaryotes, production of the diverse repertoire of molecular chaperones during normal growth and in response to stress is governed by the heat shock transcription factor HSF. The HSC82 and HSP82 genes, encoding isoforms of the yeast Hsp90 molecular chaperone, were recently identified as targets of the HSF carboxyl-terminal activation domain (CTA), whose expression is required for cell cycle progression during prolonged heat stress conditions. In the present study, we have identified additional target genes of the HSF CTA, which include nearly all of the heat shock-inducible members of the Hsp90 chaperone complex, demonstrating coordinate regulation of these components by HSF. Heat shock induction of SSE1, encoding a member of the Hsp110 family of heat shock proteins, was also dependent on the HSF CTA. Disruption of SSE1 along with STI1, encoding an established subunit of the Hsp90 chaperone complex, resulted in a severe synthetic growth phenotype. Sse1 associated with partially purified Hsp90 complexes and deletion of the SSE1 gene rendered cells susceptible to the Hsp90 inhibitors macbecin and geldanamycin, suggesting functional interaction between Sse1 and Hsp90. Sse1 is required for function of the glucocorticoid receptor, a model substrate of the Hsp90 chaperone machinery, and Hsp90-based repression of HSF under nonstress conditions. Taken together, these data establish Sse1 as an integral new component of the Hsp90 chaperone complex in yeast.
Gas Fuel Conditioning System Design Considerations for Utility Gas Turbines (1997)

This paper describes considerations that must be addressed when designing a gas fuel clean up system to meet utility gas turbine fuel specifications. Each gas turbine manufacturer has a gas fuel specification that must be met in order to protect the equipment from the effects of burning poor quality gas fuel. With the introduction of advanced technology combustion systems and strict emission requirements, it has become increasingly important that clean, dry gas fuel be provided at the inlet to the gas turbine control system in order to maintain the equipment in proper working order. The ASME gas fuel standard B133.7M is representative of a specification that meets or exceeds most manufacturer’s requirements. This specification calls for superheating to avoid the condensation of moisture or hydrocarbon liquids and includes limits on particulate concentration and size. Issues relating to the fuel quality are discussed, including calculation and measurements of dew points, gas sampling and analysis and relative location of cleanup equipment required to meet this specification.
Recognition of two-person interactions using a hierarchical Bayesian network (2003)

Recognizing human interactions is a challenging task due to the multiple body parts of interacting persons and the concomitant occlusions. This paper presents a method for the recognition of two-person interactions using a hierarchical Bayesian network (BN). The poses of simultaneously tracked body parts are estimated at the low level of the BN, and the overall body pose is estimated at the high level of the BN. The evolution of the poses of the multiple body parts are processed by a dynamic Bayesian network. The recognition of two-person interactions are expressed in terms of semantic verbal descriptions at multiple levels; individual body-part motions at low level, single-person actions at middle level, and twoperson interactions at high level. Example sequences of interacting persons illustrate the success of the proposed framework.
Effects of Cytochalasin B upon Microfilaments Involved in Morphogenesis of Salivary Epithelium (1970)

Cytochalasin B causes cultured mouse salivary gland epithelium to lose its characteristic shape and to cease undergoing morphogenesis. The drug causes disorganization of the 50 A microfilaments in epithelial cells that are thought to control cell shape because of contractile properties. Upon removal of cytochalasin, epithelia regain normal shape and resume morphogenesis. Exceptionally large bundles of microfilaments appear in such recovered epithelial cells at points where their contractile activity could account for the changes in cell and tissue shape.
Thermal oxide of polycrystalline silicon on steel foil as a thin-film transistor gate dielectric (2001)

The gate dielectric of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors on steel foil substrates was grown by direct thermal oxidation. The silicon dioxide was formed on the polysilicon channel layer by dry oxidation for 40 min at 950 °C. Self-aligned sources and drains were ion implanted. The thin-film transistors have electron mobilities of ∼30 cm2⋅V−1 s−1 in both the linear and saturated regimes, off currents of 35 pA/μm, and on/off current ratios of ∼ 106. The thin-film transistors function even though they are processed at 950 °C separated from steel by only 0.5 μm of SiO2, and at room temperature may be under compressive strain as high as 1%. The implementation of conventional high-temperature fabrication techniques makes polycrystalline silicon on steel foil a strong contender for flexible electronic backplanes.
Three-Dimensional Wax Patterning of Paper Fluidic Devices (2014)

In this paper we describe a method for three-dimensional wax patterning of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). The method is rooted in the fundamental details of wax transport in paper and provides a simple way to fabricate complex channel architectures such as hemichannels and fully enclosed channels. We show that three-dimensional μPADs can be fabricated with half as much paper by using hemichannels rather than ordinary open channels. We also provide evidence that fully enclosed channels are efficiently isolated from the exterior environment, decreasing contamination risks, simplifying the handling of the device, and slowing evaporation of solvents.
Wi-Fi based indoor localization and tracking using sigma-point Kalman filtering methods (2008)

Estimating the location of people and tracking them in an indoor environment poses a fundamental challenge in ubiquitous computing. The accuracy of explicit positioning sensors such as GPS is often limited for indoor environments. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of building an indoor location tracking system that is cost effective for large scale deployments, can operate over existing Wi-Fi networks, and can provide flexibility to accommodate new sensor observations as they become available. At the core of our system is a novel location and tracking algorithm using a sigma-point Kalman smoother (SPKS) based Bayesian inference approach. The proposed SPKS fuses a predictive model of human walking with a number of low-cost sensors to track 2D position and velocity. Available sensors include Wi-Fi received signal strength indication (RSSI), binary infrared (IR) motion sensors, and binary foot-switches. Wi-Fi signal strength is measured using a receiver tag developed by Ekahau Inc. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with a commercially available positioning engine, also developed by Ekahau Inc. The superior accuracy of our approach over a number of trials is demonstrated.
NK Cells Regulate CD8+ T Cell Effector Function in Response to an Intracellular Pathogen (2004)

We studied the role of NK cells in regulating human CD8+ T cell effector function against mononuclear phagocytes infected with the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Depletion of NK cells from PBMC of healthy tuberculin reactors reduced the frequency of M. tuberculosis-responsive CD8+IFN-gamma+ cells and decreased their capacity to lyse M. tuberculosis-infected monocytes. The frequency of CD8+ IFN-gamma+ cells was restored by soluble factors produced by activated NK cells and was dependent on IFN-gamma, IL-15, and IL-18. M. tuberculosis-activated NK cells produced IFN-gamma, activated NK cells stimulated infected monocytes to produce IL-15 and IL-18, and production of IL-15 and IL-18 were inhibited by anti-IFN-gamma. These findings suggest that NK cells maintain the frequency of M. tuberculosis-responsive CD8+IFN-gamma+ T cells by producing IFN-gamma, which elicits secretion of IL-15 and IL-18 by monocytes. These monokines in turn favor expansion of Tc1 CD8+ T cells. The capacity of NK cells to prime CD8+ T cells to lyse M. tuberculosis-infected target cells required cell-cell contact between NK cells and infected monocytes and depended on interactions between the CD40 ligand on NK cells and CD40 on infected monocytes. NK cells link the innate and the adaptive immune responses by optimizing the capacity of CD8+ T cells to produce IFN-gamma and to lyse infected cells, functions that are critical for protective immunity against M. tuberculosis and other intracellular pathogens.
s-RT-MELT for rapid mutation scanning using enzymatic selection and real time DNA-melting: new potential for multiplex genetic analysis (2007)

The rapidly growing understanding of human genetic pathways, including those that mediate cancer biology and drug response, leads to an increasing need for extensive and reliable mutation screening on a population or on a single patient basis. Here we describe s-RT-MELT, a novel technology that enables highly expanded enzymatic mutation scanning in human samples for germline or low-level somatic mutations, or for SNP discovery. GC-clamp-containing PCR products from interrogated and wild-type samples are hybridized to generate mismatches at the positions of mutations over one or multiple sequences in-parallel. Mismatches are converted to double-strand breaks using a DNA endonuclease (Surveyor TM ) and oligonucleotide tails are enzymatically attached at the position of mutations. A novel application of PCR enables selective amplification of mutationcontaining DNA fragments. Subsequently, melting curve analysis, on conventional or nano-technology real-time PCR platforms, detects the samples that contain mutations in a high-throughput and closed-tube manner. We apply s-RT-MELT in the screening of p53 and EGFR mutations in cell lines and clinical samples and demonstrate its advantages for rapid, multiplexed mutation scanning in cancer and for genetic variation screening in biology and medicine.
Tumor Suppressive Functions of p53 (2009)

The majority of human cancers acquire mutations that abrogate the p53 tumor suppressor network and, as a consequence, p53 is one of the most extensively studied proteins in cancer research. Because of its potent tumor suppressive activity, it is widely assumed that a molecular understanding of p53 action will produce fundamental insights into natural processes that limit tumorigenesis and may identify key molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. p53 functions largely as a transcription factor, and can trigger a variety of antiproliferative programs by activating or repressing key effector genes. Despite a significant body of literature detailing the biochemical and biological functions of p53, much remains to be elucidated. Indeed, the p53 network is as complex and enigmatic as it is relevant. It is the goal of this article, written 30 years after the discovery of p53, to present a concise review of the tumor suppressor role of the p53 network and to highlight the context-dependent nature of p53 target-gene functions.
Improving Production Management with Intelligent Systems: Tutorial and Overview of Applications (1991)

As manufacturing moves into the 1990s, intelligent systems will flourish because knowledge engineering and its applicability to the production domain have matured. The decision sophistication, flexibility, and timeliness and the integration possibilities embodied by these systems can assist each major function of the production life cycle—design, process planning, production and quality control, and distribution and service. This article discusses the advantages of expert systems over traditional computing and examines many applications to each phase of manufacturing.
Consensus guided mutagenesis of Renilla luciferase yields enhanced stability and light output (2006)

Luciferases, which have seen expansive employment as reporter genes in biological research, could also be used in applications where the protein itself is conjugated to ligands to create probes that are appropriate for use in small animal imaging. As the bioluminescence activity of commonly used luciferases is too labile in serum to permit this application, specific mutations of Renilla luciferase, selected using a consensus sequence driven strategy, were screened for their ability to confer stability of activity in serum as well as their light output. Using this information, a total of eight favorable mutations were combined to generate a mutant Renilla luciferase (RLuc8) that, compared with the parental enzyme, is 200-fold more resistant to inactivation in murine serum and exhibits a 4-fold improvement in light output. Results of the mutational analysis were also used to generate a double mutant optimized for use as a reporter gene. The double mutant had half the resistance to inactivation in serum of the native enzyme while yielding a 5-fold improvement in light output. These variants of Renilla luciferase, which exhibit significantly improved properties compared with the native enzyme, will allow enhanced sensitivity in existing luciferase-based assays as well as enable the development of novel probes labeled with the luciferase protein.
Food intake and blood cholesterol levels of community-based adults with mood disorders (2012)

Much research has proposed multiple ways in which healthier diets may exert protective effects on mental health. The results of this study suggest that adults with mood disorders could benefit from nutritional interventions to improve diet quality.
Mixtures of local linear subspaces for face recognition (2002)

Traditional subspace methods for face recognition compute a measure of similarity between images after projecting them onto a fixed linear subspace that is spanned by some principal component vectors (a.k.a. "eigenfaces") of a training set of images. By supposing a parametric Gaussian distribution over the subspace and a symmetric Gaussian noise model for the image given a point in the subspace, we can endow this framework with a probabilistic interpretation so that Bayes-optimal decisions can be made. However, we expect that different image clusters (corresponding, say, to different poses and expressions) will be best represented by different subspaces. In this paper, we study the recognition performance of a mixture of local linear subspaces model that can be fit to training data using the expectation maximization algorithm. The mixture model outperforms a nearest-neighbor classifier that operates in a PCA subspace.
Transient tinnitus suppression induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation (2006)

Modulation of activity in the left temporoparietal area (LTA) by 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) results in a transient reduction of tinnitus. We aimed to replicate these results and test whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of LTA could yield similar effect. Patients with tinnitus underwent six different types of stimulation in a random order: 10-Hz rTMS of LTA, 10-Hz rTMS of mesial parietal cortex, sham rTMS, anodal tDCS of LTA, cathodal tDCS of LTA and sham tDCS. A non-parametric analysis of variance showed a significant main effect of type of stimulation (P = 0.002) and post hoc tests showed that 10-Hz rTMS and anodal tDCS of LTA resulted in a significant reduction of tinnitus. These effects were short lasting. These results replicate the findings of the previous study and, in addition, show preliminary evidence that anodal tDCS of LTA induces a similar transient tinnitus reduction as high-frequency rTMS.
Lack of HER-2/neu Expression in Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin LymphomaAn Immunohistochemical Study (2002)

Objective.-Overexpression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein, a tyrosine kinase receptor, occurs in a variety of human cancers and has been shown to play a critical role in their development. This overexpression is usually associated with poor clinical outcome. The significance of HER-2/neu in lymphomas is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of HER-2/neu in the malignant lymphomas: non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas. Methods.-We studied formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 50 patients with lymphoma. Forty-two specimens were from patients with various types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and 8 were from patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. HER-2/neu expression was examined by an immunohistochemical technique using the HercepTest. Results.-None of the specimens demonstrated overexpression or even any expression of HER-2/neu. Reactive plasma cells showed cytoplasmic staining, which was not found in malignant plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma. Conclusions.-Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas do not express the HER-2/neu oncoprotein. This finding suggests that HER-2/neu does not play a role in these diseases.
Identification and partial characterisation of a new protective antigen of Brucella abortus (2000)

Two novel Brucella abortus proteins were isolated from B. abortus strain RB51 and their immunological properties were determined. These proteins precipitated in the 40-60% saturated concentration range of ammonium sulphate and had a molecular mass of 32.2 kDa and 22.9 kDa, respectively. Both were able to induce a strong in-vitro blast transformation in lymphoid cells obtained from mice previously sensitised with a crude brucella protein extract. The protection studies showed that the 22.9-kDa protein used as a protective immunogen was as effective as the live B. abortus RB51 vaccine but the 32.2-kDa protein had a poor protective effect under similar conditions. The amino-terminal sequence of the 22.9-kDa and 32.2-kDa proteins was determined and analysed in a database. The lack of homology with other known B. abortus proteins indicated that both proteins were novel antigens.
Reduction of allodynia in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of topical ketamine (2009)

A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial was used to determine the effects of topical ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on the sensory disturbances in 20 patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). On two occasions separated by at least one week, sensory tests to light touch, pressure, punctate stimulation, light brushing and thermal stimuli were performed in the symptomatic and contralateral limb and on each side of the forehead before and 30min after 10% ketamine cream was applied to the symptomatic or healthy limb. Venous blood for the plasma estimations of ketamine and norketamine was obtained 1h after application of the creams. Ketamine applied to the symptomatic limb inhibited allodynia to light brushing and hyperalgesia to punctate stimulation. Systemic effects of the ketamine are unlikely to account for this as the plasma levels were below detectable limits. As touch thresholds were unchanged, NMDA receptors may contribute to the sensory disturbances in CRPS via actions at cutaneous nociceptors. Allodynia and hyperalgesia were detected in the ipsilateral forehead to a range of stimuli (brushing, pressure, punctate stimulation, cold, heat, and warmth). In several patients, ketamine treatment of the symptomatic limb inhibited allodynia to brushing the ipsilateral forehead, suggesting that the mechanism that mediates allodynia in the symptomatic limb contributed to allodynia at more remote sites. The present study shows promise for the use of topical ketamine as opposed to parenteral and oral forms which often result in undesirable side effects.