gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different Thresholds in the Responses of Two Heat Shock Transcription Factors, HSF1 and HSF3 (1997)

Avian cells express three HSF genes encoding a unique factor, HSF3, as well as homologues of mammalian HSF1 and HSF2. HSF1 is the major factor that mediates the heat shock signal in mammalian cells. We reported previously that cHSF3, as well as cHSF1, is activated by heat shock in chicken cells. In this study, we examined the functional differences between cHSF1 and cHSF3. Comparison of the heat-inducible DNA binding activity of cHSF1 with cHSF3 at various temperatures revealed that the latter was activated at higher temperatures than the former. At a mild heat shock, such as 41 degrees C, only cHSF1 was activated, whereas both cHSF1 and cHSF3 were activated following a severe heat shock at 45 degrees C. Heat-inducible nuclear translocation and trimerization were accompanied by DNA binding activity. We also observed that cHSF3 was activated by treating cells with higher concentrations of sodium arsenite compared to cHSF1. The DNA binding activity of cHSF3 by severe heat shock lasted for a longer period than that of cHSF1. Interestingly, the total amount of cHSF3 increased only upon severe heat shock, whereas that of HSF1 decreased. Substantial amounts of cHSF3 remained in the soluble fraction under severe heat shock, whereas cHSF1 rapidly moved to the insoluble fractions in that conditions. Comparison of transcriptional activity of the activation domains of cHSF1 and cHSF3 revealed that the activity of cHSF3 was as strong as that of cHSF1. These findings indicate that there are different thresholds for cHSF1 and cHSF3 and that cHSF3 is involved in the persistent and burst activation of stress genes upon severe stress in chicken cells. Pretreatment of cycloheximide elevated the threshold concentrations of arsenite of both factors. This suggests that denaturation of nascent polypeptides could be the first trigger for the activation of both factors, and the pathways for activation of cHSF1 and cHSF3 may be identical, or at least share some common mechanisms.
Optimized driving of superconducting artificial atoms for improved single-qubit gates (2010)

We employ simultaneous shaping of in-phase and out-of-phase resonant microwave drives to reduce single-qubit gate errors arising from the weak anharmonicity of transmon superconducting artificial atoms. To reduce the effect of higher levels present in the transmon spectrum, we apply Gaussian and derivative-of-Gaussian envelopes to the in-phase and out-of-phase quadratures, respectively, and optimize over their relative amplitude. Using randomized benchmarking, we obtain a minimum average error per gate of $0.007\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005$ using 4-ns-wide pulses, which is limited by decoherence. This simple optimization technique works for multiple transmons coupled to a single microwave resonator in a quantum bus architecture.
The complete sequence of a full length cDNA for human liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: evidence for multiple mRNA species (1984)

A recombinant M13 clone (O42) containing a 65 b.p. cDNA fragment from human fetal liver mRNA coding for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase has been identified and it has been used to isolate from a full-length human adult liver cDNA library a recombinant clone, pG1, which has been subcloned in M13 phage and completely sequenced with the chain terminator method. Besides the coding region of 1008 b.p., the cDNA sequence includes 60 nucleotides at the 5'-end and 204 nucleotides at the 3'-end up to the polyA tail. Hybridization of pG1 to human liver total RNA shows only one band about the size of pG1 cDNA. A much stronger hybridization signal was observed using RNA derived from human hepatocarcinoma and kidney carcinoma cell lines. Sequence homology between clone 042 and the homologous region of clone pG1 is 86%. On the other hand, homology among the translated sequences and the known human muscle protein sequence ranges between 77 and 90%; these data demonstrate the existence of more than one gene coding for G3PD. Southern blot of human DNA, digested with several restriction enzymes, also indicate that several homologous sequences are present in the human genome.
Stretchable Electronics: Materials Strategies and Devices (2008)

Abstract New electronic materials have the potential to enable wearable computers, personal health monitors, wall‐scale displays and other systems that are not easily achieved with established wafer based technologies. A traditional focus of this field is on the development of materials for circuits that can be formed on bendable substrates, such as sheets of plastic or steel foil. More recent efforts seek to achieve similar systems on fully elastic substrates for electronics that can be stretched, compressed, twisted and deformed in ways that are much more extreme than simple bending. This article highlights some recent progress in this area, with an emphasis on materials approaches and demonstrated devices.
Operation of an ultrasensitive 30-MHz quartz crystal microbalance in liquids (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOperation of an ultrasensitive 30-MHz quartz crystal microbalance in liquidsZuxuan. Lin, Christopher M. Yip, I. Scott. Joseph, and Michael D. WardCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 11, 1546–1551Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00059a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00059a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views633Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Practical Synthesis of threo-(S,2S)- and erythro-(1R,2S)-1-Phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP) from l-Serine (1998)

Both l-threo- and d-erythro-1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP) were synthesized stereoselectively from l-serine.
A Low-Noise, Wide-BW 3.6GHz Digital ΔΣ Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer with a Noise-Shaping Time-to-Digital Converter and Quantization Noise Cancellation (2008)

A digital fractional-N frequency synthesizer is presented that leverages a noise-shaping time-to-digital converter (TDC) and a simple quantization noise cancellation technique to achieve low phase noise with a wide PLL bandwidth of 500kHz. In contrast to previous cancellation techniques, this structure requires no analog components and is straightforward to implement with standard-cell digital logic.
Influence of Salts on Virus Adsorption to Microporous Filters (2000)

We investigated the direct and indirect effects of mono-, di-, and trivalent salts (NaCl, MgCl(2), and AlCl(3)) on the adsorption of several viruses (MS2, PRD-1, phiX174, and poliovirus 1) to microporous filters at different pH values. The filters studied included Millipore HA (nitrocellulose), Filterite (fiberglass), Whatman (cellulose), and 1MDS (charged-modified fiber) filters. Each of these filters except the Whatman cellulose filters has been used in virus removal and recovery procedures. The direct effects of added salts were considered to be the effects associated with the presence of the soluble salts. The indirect effects of the added salts were considered to be (i) changes in the pH values of solutions and (ii) the formation of insoluble precipitates that could adsorb viruses and be removed by filtration. When direct effects alone were considered, the salts used in this study promoted virus adsorption, interfered with virus adsorption, or had little or no effect on virus adsorption, depending on the filter, the virus, and the salt. Although we were able to confirm previous reports that the addition of aluminum chloride to water enhances virus adsorption to microporous filters, we found that the enhanced adsorption was associated with indirect effects rather than direct effects. The increase in viral adsorption observed when aluminum chloride was added to water was related to the decrease in the pH of the water. Similar results could be obtained by adding HCl. The increased adsorption of viruses in water at pH 7 following addition of aluminum chloride was probably due to flocculation of aluminum, since removal of flocs by filtration greatly reduced the enhancement observed. The only direct effect of aluminum chloride on virus adsorption that we observed was interference with adsorption to microporous filters. Under conditions under which hydrophobic interactions were minimal, aluminum chloride interfered with virus adsorption to Millipore, Filterite, and 1MDS filters. In most cases, less than 10% of the viruses adsorbed to filters in the presence of a multivalent salt and a compound that interfered with hydrophobic interactions (0.1% Tween 80 or 4 M urea).
Implications of Rho GTPase Signaling in Glioma Cell Invasion and Tumor Progression (2013)

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most malignant of primary adult brain tumors, characterized by a highly locally invasive cell population, as well as abundant proliferative cells, neoangiogenesis, and necrosis. Clinical intervention with chemotherapy or radiation may either promote or establish an environment for manifestation of invasive behavior. Understanding the molecular drivers of invasion in the context of glioma progression may be insightful in directing new treatments for patients with GB. Here, we review current knowledge on Rho family GTPases, their aberrant regulation in GB, and their effect on GB cell invasion and tumor progression. Rho GTPases are modulators of cell migration through effects on actin cytoskeleton rearrangement; in non-neoplastic tissue, expression and activation of Rho GTPases are normally under tight regulation. In GB, Rho GTPases are deregulated, often via hyperactivity or overexpression of their activators, Rho GEFs. Downstream effectors of Rho GTPases have been shown to promote invasiveness and, importantly, glioma cell survival. The study of aberrant Rho GTPase signaling in GB is thus an important investigation of cell invasion as well as treatment resistance and disease progression.
On‐off response (1975)

Seven parkinsonian patients who had severe on-off effects during chronic treatment with levodopa were studied. Marked swings in plasma dopa levels as well as in motor function followed each oral dose of levodopa. A constant intravenous infusion of levodopa resulted in stable plasma dopa concentrations and virtual disappearance of motor fluctuations. Notwithstanding steady plasma dopa levels, an abrupt decline in the antiparkinsonian response to levodopa attended postural tilting or cold pressore stimulation. Although these maneuvers were accompanied by a significant rise in plasma norepinephrine, the intravenous infusion of this catecholamine failed to influence the effect of levodopa on parkinsonian signs. The results suggest that central noradrenergic mechanisms as well as alterations in circulating dopa may contribute to the on-off response to levodopa.
Transrectal ultrasonography directed intraprostatic injection of gentamycin-xylocaine in the management of the benign painful prostate syndrome. A report of a 5 year clinical study of 75 patients. (1999)

There is almost a complete failure of the urological profession to study chronic prostate gland pain, which is its most common and difficult condition to manage. Variations in nomenclature for the disease include pelvic floor myalgia syndrome, chronic anxiety syndrome, prostatodynia, interstitial cystitis and abacterial prostatitis, so comparison of treatment populations is difficult. Over 50% of negative prostate biopsies being performed for PSA elevation show prostatitis lesions. Transperineal aminoglycoside injection for 'hard-core' prostatitis reported a 77% cure rate. A 5 year study of 75 patients with recalcitrant benign painful prostate syndrome treated with transrectal ultrasound guided intraprostatic injection of gentamycin and xylocaine produced a 90% cure rate. Of the patients, 74% required only a single injection of 160 mg of gentamycin in 4 cc with 2 cc of 1% xylocaine to achieve a cure. Minimal injection pain was encountered. Some patients required 5 injections over the 5 year period. Multiple injection patients were considered therapeutic failures. Fourteen tumor-negative prostate needle biopsies showed prostatitis lesions. One elevated PSA patient had 3 biopsies. Current medical therapy of prolonged one month antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents and alpha adrenergic blocking agents had failed in all injection treated patients. Of the patients, 60% had prostatic calculi. Cystic seminal vesicle abnormalities were frequent. Complications were only minor, with hematospermia, gross hematuria and mild pain. The 90% cure rate was defined by the absence of symptoms.
Attomole detection of proteins by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with the use of picolitre vials (1994)

Abstract Significant improvements in the absolute detection limits for proteins in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) are demonstrated by the application of so‐called picolitre vials. By the reduction of the sample volume from a few μL down to 250 pL and simultaneous reduction of the sample spot area from a few mm 2 down to 0.01 mm 2 , low attomole detection limits are obtained for bradykinin and cytochrome c . The detection limit in a single‐shot mass spectrum of bradykinin is estimated to be as low as 250 zeptomol. These are currently the lowest amounts of protein and the smallest volumes analyzed by MALDI‐MS.
Stimuli‐responsive recognition of BSA‐imprinted poly vinyl acetate grafted calcium alginate core‐shell hydrogel microspheres (2012)

Abstract Poly vinyl acetate grafted calcium alginate hydrogel microspheres were prepared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as molecular template. The microspheres exhibited homogeneous and core‐shell structure according to different preparation strategy. The rebinding and swelling property of microspheres showed responsiveness toward ionic strength, temperature, and pH. It was found the highest separation factor of 1.85 and imprinting efficiency of 1.75 when the Ca 2+ ionic strength was 1.25 and 0.34 mol/kg, respectively. The separation factor was found decreased as temperature grew from 29 to 45°C while the imprinting efficiency reached a peak value at about 37°C. Separation factor of BSA imprinted microspheres at different pH was also recorded and two peaks were found, which were considered to be caused by the similar swollen state due to ionic and covalent crosslinking structure of modified microspheres. The recognition responsiveness is suggested to be influenced by environmental effects due to the changing in imprints' configuration at different swollen states. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Structure of the membrane-bound protein photosynthetic reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (1991)

The structure of the photosynthetic reaction center (RC) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides was determined at 3.1-A resolution by the molecular replacement method, using the Rhodopseudomonas viridis RC as the search structure. Atomic coordinates were refined with the difference Fourier method and restrained least-squares refinement techniques to a current R factor of 22%. The tertiary structure of the RC complex is stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between the L and M chains, by interactions of the pigments with each other and with the L and M chains, by residues from the L and M chains that coordinate to the Fe2+, by salt bridges that are formed between the L and M chains and the H chain, and possibly by electrostatic forces between the ends of helices. The conserved residues at the N-termini of the L and M chains were identified as recognition sites for the H chain.
Maelstrom , a Drosophila spindle -class gene, encodes a protein that colocalizes with Vasa and RDE1/AGO1 homolog, Aubergine, in nuage (2003)

A hallmark of germline cells across the animal kingdom is the presence of perinuclear, electron-dense granules called nuage. In many species examined, Vasa, a DEAD-box RNA helicase, is found in these morphologically distinct particles. Despite its evolutionary conservation, the function of nuage remains obscure. We have characterized a null allele of maelstrom (mael) and shown that Maelstrom protein is localized to nuage in a Vasa-dependent manner. By phenotypic characterization, we have defined maelstrom as a spindle-class gene that affects Vasa modification. In a nuclear transport assay, we have determined that Maelstrom shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, which may indicate a nuclear origin for nuage components. Interestingly, Maelstrom, but not Vasa, depends on two genes involved in RNAi phenomena, aubergine and spindle-E (spn-E), for its nuage localization. Furthermore, maelstrom mutant ovaries show mislocalization of two proteins involved in the microRNA and/or RNAi pathways, Dicer and Argonaute2, suggesting a potential connection between nuage and the microRNA-pathway.
A Fast Learning Algorithm for Deep Belief Nets (2006)

We show how to use "complementary priors" to eliminate the explaining-away effects that make inference difficult in densely connected belief nets that have many hidden layers. Using complementary priors, we derive a fast, greedy algorithm that can learn deep, directed belief networks one layer at a time, provided the top two layers form an undirected associative memory. The fast, greedy algorithm is used to initialize a slower learning procedure that fine-tunes the weights using a contrastive version of the wake-sleep algorithm. After fine-tuning, a network with three hidden layers forms a very good generative model of the joint distribution of handwritten digit images and their labels. This generative model gives better digit classification than the best discriminative learning algorithms. The low-dimensional manifolds on which the digits lie are modeled by long ravines in the free-energy landscape of the top-level associative memory, and it is easy to explore these ravines by using the directed connections to display what the associative memory has in mind.
Carbon-Fluorine Bond Formation for the Synthesis of Aryl Fluorides (2010)

A selection of carbon-fluorine bond-forming reactions is presented with particular focus on transition metal-mediated fluorination. A brief summary of conventional fluorination reactions is followed by a discussion of fluorination reactions mediated by palladium and silver. Investigations into the mechanism as well as the conceptual difficulty associated with transition metal-mediated carbon-fluorine bond formation are presented.
Tumor-Derived Autophagosome Vaccine: Induction of Cross-Protective Immune Responses against Short-lived Proteins through a p62-Dependent Mechanism (2011)

This work suggests that common short-lived tumor-specific antigens, not physiologically available for cross-presentation, can be sequestered in autophagosomes by p62 and used as a vaccine to elicit cross-protection against independently derived sarcomas.
Protein- and Peptide-Directed Syntheses of Inorganic Materials (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewProtein- and Peptide-Directed Syntheses of Inorganic MaterialsMatthew B. Dickerson†, Kenneth H. Sandhage‡§, and Rajesh R. Naik*†View Author Information Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433-7702; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245; and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology.§School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 11, 4935–4978Publication Date (Web):October 30, 2008Publication History Received18 March 2008Published online31 October 2008Published inissue 12 November 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr8002328https://doi.org/10.1021/cr8002328review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views17204Altmetric-Citations873LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Metal nanoparticles,Monomers,Nanoparticles,Peptides and proteins,Silica Get e-Alerts
Nutrient regulation of human intestinal sugar transporter (SGLT1) expression. (1997)

These data indicate that the activity and expression of SGLT1 in human intestine is maintained by the presence of luminal nutrients.
Promoter Hypermethylation of Multiple Genes in Sputum Precedes Lung Cancer Incidence in a High-Risk Cohort (2006)

A sensitive screening approach for lung cancer could markedly reduce the high mortality rate for this disease. Previous studies have shown that methylation of gene promoters is present in exfoliated cells within sputum prior to lung cancer diagnosis. The purpose of the current study is to conduct a nested case-control study of incident lung cancer cases from an extremely high-risk cohort for evaluating promoter methylation of 14 genes in sputum. Controls (n = 92) were cohort members matched to cases (n = 98) by gender, age, and month of enrollment. The comparison of proximal sputum collected within 18 months to >18 months prior to diagnosis showed that the prevalence for methylation of gene promoters increased as the time to lung cancer diagnosis decreased. Six of 14 genes were associated with a >50% increased lung cancer risk. The concomitant methylation of three or more of these six genes was associated with a 6.5-fold increased risk and a sensitivity and specificity of 64%. This is the first study to prospectively examine a large panel of genes for their ability to predict lung cancer and shows the promise of gene promoter hypermethylation in sputum as a molecular marker for identifying people at high risk for cancer incidence.