gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A region-based stereo algorithm (1989)

Feature- point- based stereo and segment-based stereo have been intensively studied. But why not region-based stereo? Region is more characteristic than point and segment. Matching between regions is easier and faster, if region segmentation is successful. Unfortunately, however, it is the failure to satisfy this precondition that has been the obstacle. Region segmentation in practice is subtle and unstable, and it is not guaranteed that region boundaries in stereo images correspond to same physical positions. Our approach to tackling this problem is to sharpen intensity contrast between regions by projecting a random pattern to the visual field. The proposed algorithm has been implemented to match both computer-generated random pattern stereo images and pattern-projected real images. Results show that the algorithm is robust, fast and tolerant of small vertical disparities.
Myofibroblastic stromal cells isolated from human bone marrow induce the proliferation of both early myeloid and B-lymphoid cells (1993)

Normal human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were isolated from Dexter- type long-term cultures according to their capacity to adhere to plastic and to their lack of hematopoietic antigens. The BMSC displayed a homogeneous appearance and a myofibroblastic phenotype in culture. The stromal cells (SC) were shown to support the proliferation of purified CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and permitted us to maintain myeloid cells for several weeks in culture. In addition, the BMSC induced the proliferation of purified CD10+ s mu- fetal BM B-cell precursors (BCP). The capacity of the BMSC to induce the proliferation of early myeloid cells was shared by several other human fibroblastic- like cell types. In contrast, the BMSC were far superior to other adherent cells for induction of BCP proliferation. This capacity was largely mediated by endogenously produced interleukin-7 (IL-7), because it could be inhibited by anti-IL-7 antibody. In line with this finding, addition of IL-7 considerably enhanced BCP proliferation in cocultures with skin fibroblasts or synoviocytes. Thus, production of IL-7 appears to be a critical parameter that determines the ability of fibroblastic- like cells to induce BCP proliferation. Taken together, our data show that normal human myofibroblastic BMSC induce the proliferation of both early myeloid and B-lymphoid cells in the absence of accessory hematopoietic cells. The present system should constitute a model to study interactions between native human BM myofibroblastic stroma and various hematopoietic cell subsets.
Chemical Characterization of a New Surface Antigenic Polysaccharide from a Mutant of Staphylococcus aureus (1971)

A mutant of Staphylococcus aureus H was isolated by virtue of its inability to agglutinate with antibodies against teichoic acid of S. aureus. Immunological studies revealed that the mutant, S. aureus T, possessed a new surface antigen in addition to having the antigenic determinant of the wild-type strain, the ribitol teichoic acid. The presence of this additional surface component rendered strain T resistant to staphylococcal typing phages, presumably by masking the phage-receptor sites. The polymer was separated from teichoic acid by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose and was shown to be composed of two amino sugars, N-acetyl-d-fucosamine and N-acetyl-d-mannosamin uronic acid.
Liver transplantation in patients with fulminant hepatitis B: experience in Canton, China. (2002)

Orthotopic liver transplantation is an effective therapy for fulminant hepatitis B, and lamivudine may prevent recurrence of hepatitis B after transplantation.
Lipidated Cyclic γ-AApeptides Display Both Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity (2013)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host-defense agents capable of both bacterial membrane disruption and immunomodulation. However, the development of natural AMPs as potential therapeutics is hampered by their moderate activity and susceptibility to protease degradation. Herein we report lipidated cyclic γ-AApeptides that have potent antibacterial activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, many of which are resistant to conventional antibiotics. We show that lipidated cyclic γ-AApeptides mimic the bactericidal mechanism of AMPs by disrupting bacterial membranes. Interestingly, they also harness the immune response and inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, suggesting that lipidated cyclic γ-AApeptides have dual roles as novel antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents.
CD169‐positive macrophages in regional lymph nodes are associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma (2013)

CD169 (sialoadhesin) is a sialic acid receptor that is expressed on specific macrophages such as lymph node sinus macrophages. Animal studies have suggested that CD169(+) macrophages have a pro-inflammatory property, however, the role of these cells in human diseases has not been clarified. In our in vitro experiments with human macrophages, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as type 1 interferon, induced strong expression of CD169, suggesting that CD169 might be a specific marker of inflammatory macrophages. To examine the role of CD169 in antitumor immunity, we examined the expression of CD169 in regional lymph nodes (RLNs) and its association with overall survival in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In a clinicopathological analysis on 83 CRC patients, paraffin-embedded specimens were evaluated for CD169 expression of RLN macrophages by immunohistochemistry. We found, for the first time, a high density of CD169(+) macrophages was significantly associated with longer overall survival; multivariate analysis showed that the ratio of CD169(+) cells to CD68(+) cells was an independent prognostic factor. The majority of CD169(+) macrophages were in direct contact with CD8(+) T cells expressing CD43, a major ligand of CD169. We also found that the density of CD169(+) macrophages had a positive correlation with the number of CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells infiltrating tumor tissues. These data suggest that CD169(+) macrophages in RLNs promote CD8(+) T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity and are associated with a better prognosis for CRC patients. CD169(+) macrophages in RLNs could be a useful marker for assessing clinical prognosis and monitoring antitumor immunity in patients with CRC.
Frey's Syndrome (1986)

Frey's syndrome is a form of gustatory hyperhidrosis that develops following surgery, trauma, or disease of the parotid gland area. Several theories have been proposed to explain the resulting symptomatology. Treatment often is difficult or ineffective. An unusual case is presented involving a patient with delayed onset of symptoms who responded well to topical application of 20% aluminum chloride in anhydrous ethyl alcohol.
Architectural support for address translation on GPUs (2014)

The proliferation of heterogeneous compute platforms, of which CPU/GPU is a prevalent example, necessitates a manageable programming model to ensure widespread adoption. A key component of this is a shared unified address space between the heterogeneous units to obtain the programmability benefits of virtual memory.
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy wholly abated with one week twice daily application of fluticasone propionate lotion: A case report and review of the literature (2008)

Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is among the most common dermatoses of pregnancy. Most reports of the effective treatment of PUPPP involve high potency topical corticosteroids or oral steroids. Many authorities have noted cases of PUPPP whose resolution followed parturition. A few have noted that PUPPP can arise and resolve the third trimester. A 36-year-old prima gravida at 38 weeks of gestation presented with a 2-week history of a pruritic papular abdominal eruption. She used fluticasone propionate 0.05 percent lotion twice a day. One week after starting this medication, the pruritus had resolved and the erythema/urticaria had abated; the pigmentary alteration had improved, but still remained. The PUPPP did not return after parturition. PUPPP can abate entirely during pregnancy. Fluticasone propionate 0.05 percent lotion, a class 5 (low-medium potency) corticosteroid, has a benign side effect profile and should be considered for the treatment of PUPPP during pregnancy.
Differential induction of carrier antigen-specific immunity by Salmonella typhimurium live-vaccine strains after single mucosal or intravenous immunization of BALB/c mice (1995)

In this study, we constructed strain KR21 (chi 4550 delta cya delta crp delta asd/pYA292asd(+)-toxC+) and compared it with BRD847 (aroA aroD/pnirB-toxC) for the ability to induce humoral and cellular immunity after a single oral or intravenous immunization in 3- to 4-week-old BALB/c mice. ToxC-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) was detectable in animals orally immunized with either BRD847 or KR21. However, after intravenous immunization, IgG was detected only in BRD847-immunized animals. Measurement of immunoglobin types IgG1 and IgG2a suggests that a Th1 cellular response is prominent after immunizations with either system. ToxC-specific IgA was detected in fecal and vaginal samples of animals immunized orally and intravenously with BRD847, while those immunized with KR21 failed to show fecal or vaginal IgA responses. Delayed-type hypersensitivity was used as a measure of induction of T-cell responses in vivo. Mice immunized either orally or intravenously with BRD847 showed significant ear swelling responses after ToxC injections, while KR21-immunized animals failed to show a cellular response. These data indicate that the aroA aroD/pnirB system holds greater potential for inducing global immunity after a single dose when directly compared with the balanced lethal system (delta cya delta crp delta asd/pYA292asd+).
Mouse kappa light-chain recombination signal sequences mediate recombination more frequently than do those of lambda light chain. (1991)

Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes are somatically rearranged by site-specific recombination. Recombination signal sequences (RSS) have been identified as the major targeting element of this process. Recent reports demonstrate that differences in RSS affect the frequency of recombination, suggesting a role for RSS in the development of the B-cell repertoire. Examination of mouse light-chain RSS indicates that kappa light-chain RSS consistently show a greater degree of similarity to a consensus sequence than do those of lambda light chain. To determine whether this difference in natural RSS could affect the patterns of light-chain gene rearrangement and expression, we have constructed recombination substrates containing both a typical mouse kappa RSS pair and a typical mouse lambda RSS pair. Experiments using these substrates demonstrate that the kappa RSS pair mediates recombination at a vastly higher frequency than does the lambda RSS pair. This result argues that RSS differences may contribute significantly to the patterns of mouse immunoglobulin light-chain rearrangement, ultimately resulting in a high proportion of kappa light chain relative to lambda.
Liver transplantation for acute liver failure from drug induced liver injury in the United States (2004)

Studies of acute liver failure from drugs have included cases mostly attributed to acetaminophen (APAP) but have reported limited data on other drugs. We used the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) liver transplant database from 1990 to 2002 to identify recipients and estimate a U.S. population-based rate of liver transplantation due to acute liver failure from drugs. Patients were identified if their diagnosis was acute hepatic necrosis from an implicated drug at the time of transplant. Liver transplantation for drug hepatotoxicity accounted for 15% of liver transplants for acute liver failure over the study period. In our cohort (n = 270), 206 (76%) recipients were female. APAP alone, or in combination with another drug, accounted for 133 (49%) cases. In the non-acetaminophen (non-APAP) group (n = 137), the most frequently implicated drugs were: isoniazid, n = 24 (17.5%); propylthiouracil, n = 13 (9.5%); and phenytoin and valproate in 10 (7.3%) cases each. One-year patient and graft survival for the entire cohort was 77 and 71%, respectively. Among Caucasians (n = 206) and African-Americans (n = 48), APAP only was implicated in 110 (53%) patients and 12 (25%) patients, respectively, and non-APAP drugs were implicated in 96 (47%) patients and 36 (75%) patients, respectively (P =.0004). Among African-Americans in the non-APAP group, 28 (78%) were women. In conclusion four drugs were implicated in 42% of patients undergoing liver transplantation for acute liver failure due to drugs other than APAP. The increased frequency of African-American women undergoing liver transplantation for non-APAP drug induced liver injury warrants further study.
Sp1 Is a Component of the Cytokine-inducible Enhancer in the Promoter of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (1995)

Transcription of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) gene in endothelial cells is induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and lipopolysaccharide. Previous studies demonstrated that the cytokine-response region in the VCAM1 promoter contains binding sites for the transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and interferon regulatory factor-1. Using a saturation mutagenesis approach, we report that the cytokine-inducible enhancer consists of these previously characterized elements and a novel region located 3' of the NF-kappa B sites. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNase I footprint studies with endothelial nuclear extracts and recombinant protein revealed that the transcriptional activator Sp1 interacts with this novel element in a specific manner. Transient transfection assays using vascular endothelial cells revealed that site-directed mutations in the Sp1 binding element decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced activity of the VCAM1 promoter. The cytokine-induced enhancer of the VCAM1 gene requires constitutively bound Sp1 and induced heterodimeric NF-kappa B for maximal promoter activity.
CMS‐D8 Restoration in Cotton Is Conditioned by One Dominant Gene (2001)

Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS‐D8) and fertile restorer lines (D8R) of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) (AD 1 ) were developed by transferring the cytoplasm and nuclear gene(s) from G. trilobum (DC.) Skovst. (D 8 ) into the cotton nuclear background. Understanding the genetics of fertility restoration in this CMS system is essential for its use in a hybrid breeding system. The objective of this investigation was to determine the mode of inheritance of D8R restoration to CMS‐D8. The experimental approach involved a series of crossing schemes involving nuclear permutations among the AD 1 and D 8 alloplasms. Eighteen normal genotypes did not restore fertility to the CMS‐D8 (A line) and could be used as maintainer (B) lines. D8R crossed as female with B lines yielded F 1 and F 2 populations with all fertile plants. F 1 pollen also produced all fertile progeny in crosses on A lines. Thus, the D8 restorer functions at the gametophytic level. When heterozygous restored plants were pollinated with B lines, or when reciprocal F 1 's with normal cytoplasm were crossed as male with the A line, the progeny ratio was one fertile to one sterile. A 3:1 ratio was obtained when restored F 1 plants with D 8 cytoplasm were pollinated by their reciprocal F 1 's with normal cytoplasm. Accordingly, restoration of CMS‐D8 by the D8R restorer is conditioned by a single dominant gene ( Rf 2 ). The genotypes for A, B, and D8R lines in the CMS‐D8 system are designated S ( rf 2 rf 2 ), N ( rf 2 rf 2 ), and S ( Rf 2 Rf 2 ), respectively. This gametophytic restoration system is potentially useful for utilizing F 2 heterosis in cotton.
Mapping the Ligand-binding Sites and Disease-associated Mutations on the Most Abundant Protein in the Human, Type I Collagen (2002)

Type I collagen is the most abundant protein in humans, and it helps to maintain the integrity of many tissues via its interactions with cell surfaces, other extracellular matrix molecules, and growth and differentiation factors. Nearly 50 molecules have been found to interact with type I collagen, and for about half of them, binding sites on this collagen have been elucidated. In addition, over 300 mutations in type I collagen associated with human connective tissue disorders have been described. However, the spatial relationships between the known ligand-binding sites and mutation positions have not been examined. To this end, here we have created a map of type I collagen that includes all of its ligand-binding sites and mutations. The map reveals the existence of several hot spots for ligand interactions on type I collagen and that most of the binding sites locate to its C-terminal half. Moreover, on the collagen fibril some potentially relevant relationships between binding sites were observed including the following: fibronectin- and certain integrin-binding regions are near neighbors, which may mechanistically relate to fibronectin-dependent cell-collagen attachment; proteoglycan binding may potentially impact upon collagen fibrillogenesis, cell-collagen attachment, and collagen glycation seen in diabetes and aging; and mutations associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and other disorders show apparently nonrandom distribution patterns within both the monomer and fibril, implying that mutation positions correlate with disease phenotype. These and other observations presented here may provide novel insights into evaluating type I collagen functions and the relationships between its binding partners and mutations.
<title>Mobile robot navigation sensors</title> (1993)

In this paper the different mobile robot navigation systems developed by Denning are presented. They include the Beacon Navigation System (BNS), the Ultrasonic obstacle avoidance and navigation system and the Laser Angular Navigation System (Lasernav). The infrared Beacon Navigation System was designed for navigation in long corridors (up to 500 ft.), docking procedures and position calibrations. The ultrasonic array sensors provide range information on the environment. The ultrasonic ranging system was designed as a navigation device based on natural landmarks and as a navigation aid when avoiding obstacles. The scanning laser device is a real-time embedded sensor for measuring precisely the position (+/- 1 inch) of mobile robots in large open areas (30,000 square feet). This system uses a scanning laser beam in combination with wall mounted targets to compute the position of the robot.
A brief history (2006)

A very thorough account of the history of the more mathematical side of statistics up to the 1930's is given by Hald (1990, 1998, 2006). Stigler (1990) gives a broader perspective and Heyde and Seneta (2001) have edited a series of vignettes of prominent statisticians born before 1900.
Some important features and issues in user interface management systems (1987)

Some key features that are believed to be required in future User Interface Management Systems (UIMSs) are presented and discussed, as are some key philosophical issues. These features and issues concern the range and quality of user interfaces that can be supported, and the ease with which the user interfaces can be implemented and modified.The arguments presented are based on experience gained with the Sassafras UIMS. Sassafras is a prototype UMIS that was explicitly designed to support some features that were not common in UMISs, but were belived to be necessary to support many styles of interaction.
Bacteriophage PRD1 DNA polymerase: evolution of DNA polymerases. (1987)

A small lipid-containing bacteriophage PRD1 specifies its own DNA polymerase that utilizes terminal protein as a primer for DNA synthesis. The PRD1 DNA polymerase gene has been sequenced, and its amino acid sequence has been deduced. This protein-primed DNA polymerase consists of 553 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 63,300. Thus, it appears to be the smallest DNA polymerase ever isolated from prokaryotic cells. Comparison of the PRD1 DNA polymerase sequence with other DNA polymerase sequences that have been published yielded segmental but significant homologies. These results strongly suggest that many prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA polymerase genes, regardless of size, have evolved from a common ancestral gene. The results further indicate that those DNA polymerases that use either an RNA or protein primer are related. We propose to classify DNA polymerases on the basis of their evolutionary relatedness.
MOLECULAR GENETIC MANIPULATION OF THE DIATOM THALASSIOSIRA PSEUDONANA (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE)1 (2006)

Here, we describe the first system for genetic transformation of Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt) Hasle et Heimdal, the only diatom for which a complete genome sequence is presently available. This method is based on microparticle bombardment followed by selection of transformants using the antibiotic nourseothricin. It exhibits the highest transformation efficiency compared with transformation systems for other diatom species. To achieve the high transformation efficiency, it is important to allow recovery of the bombarded T. pseudonana cells in non‐selective suspension culture before spreading on nourseothricin containing agar plates. It is demonstrated that T. pseudonana is readily susceptible to co‐transformation allowing for the simultaneous introduction of a non‐selective gene together with the selection marker gene. Both introduced genes are stably inherited even in the absence of the antibiotic selection pressure. We have developed two T. pseudonana ‐specific expression vectors that can drive constitutive expression (vector pTpfcp) and inducible expression (vector pTpNR) of introduced genes. In combination with the available genome data the T. pseudonana transformation system is expected to provide a powerful tool for functional genomics in diatoms.
Reduction of cholesterol synthesis in the mouse brain does not affect amyloid formation in Alzheimer's disease, but does extend lifespan (2009)

Alterations in cellular cholesterol synthesis or content in cultured neurons affect the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein to amyloidogenic Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 peptides characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. To determine whether a decrease in cholesterol synthesis affects amyloid precursor protein processing in vivo, we crossed cholesterol 24-hydroxylase knockout mice, which exhibit a 50% reduction in brain sterol synthesis, with transgenic mice [B6.Cg-Tg(APPswe, PSEN1E9)85Dbo/J] that develop Alzheimer's disease-like pathology. Amyloid precursor protein expression and amyloid plaque deposition in the cortex and hippocampus of male and female Alzheimer's disease mice between the ages of 3 to 15 months were similar in the presence and absence of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase. A modest but statistically significant decline in insoluble Aβ 42 peptide levels was detected in the hippocampus of 12-month-old knockout/Alzheimer's disease males. The levels of insoluble Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 peptides in 15-month-old knockout/Alzheimer's disease females were also reduced slightly. Although amyloid plaque accumulation did not affect brain sterol or fatty acid synthesis rates in 24-hydroxylase WT or knockout mice, loss of one or both cholesterol 24-hydroxylase alleles increased longevity in Alzheimer's disease mice. These studies suggest that reducing de novo cholesterol synthesis in the brain will not substantially alter the course of Alzheimer's disease, but may confer a survival advantage.