gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extension of the Life-Span of Human Endothelial Cells by an Interleukin-1αAntisense Oligomer (1990)

The proliferative potential of human diploid endothelial cells is finite, and cellular senescence in vitro is accompanied by the failure of the endothelial cell to respond to exogenous growth factors. Senescent human endothelial cells were shown to contain high amounts of the transcript for the cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. In contrast, transformed human endothelial cells did not contain detectable IL-1 alpha messenger RNA. Treatment of human endothelial cell populations with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the human IL-1 alpha transcript prevented cell senescence and extended the proliferative life-span of the cells in vitro. Removal of the IL-1 alpha antisense oligomer resulted in the generation of the senescent phenotype and loss of proliferative potential. These data suggest that human endothelial cell senescence in vitro is a dynamic process regulated by the potential intracellular activity of IL-1 alpha.
Conditionally Immortalized Neural Progenitor Cells Grafted to the Striatum Exhibit Site-Specific Neuronal Differentiation and Establish Connections with the Host Globus Pallidus (1996)

The cell line RN33B has been reported to differentiate into neurons in a site-specific manner when grafted to the cortex and hippocampus of adult rats. To investigate the fate of RN33B cells in a subcortical structure, we grafted RN33B cells into the intact or excitoxically lesioned striatum of adult or neonatal rats. The total number and phenotypic characteristics of the [3H]thymidine-labeled grafted cells were analyzed at different time points after transplantation. Transplanted RN33B cells were found to survive, integrate, and differentiate into both neurons and astrocytes, and a significant proportion of the cells (approx. 10%) were found to differentiate into cells with morphological and phenotypic characteristics of medium-sized striatal projection neurons. Retrograde tracing showed that at least some of the graft-derived neurons were capable of establishing connections with one of the primary striatal targets, the globus pallidus. These findings demonstrate a remarkable capacity of the RN33B cells for site-specific neuronal differentiation in both the adult and the developing striatum and suggest that the same differentiating factors that are operating during normal neurogenesis in brain development are retained, at least to some extent, also in the adult CNS.
RNA-seq mixology: designing realistic control experiments to compare protocols and analysis methods (2016)

Carefully designed control experiments provide a gold standard for benchmarking different genomics research tools. A shortcoming of many gene expression control studies is that replication involves profiling the same reference RNA sample multiple times. This leads to low, pure technical noise that is atypical of regular studies. To achieve a more realistic noise structure, we generated a RNA-sequencing mixture experiment using two cell lines of the same cancer type. Variability was added by extracting RNA from independent cell cultures and degrading particular samples. The systematic gene expression changes induced by this design allowed benchmarking of different library preparation kits (standard poly-A versus total RNA with Ribozero depletion) and analysis pipelines. Data generated using the total RNA kit had more signal for introns and various RNA classes (ncRNA, snRNA, snoRNA) and less variability after degradation. For differential expression analysis, voom with quality weights marginally outperformed other popular methods, while for differential splicing, DEXSeq was simultaneously the most sensitive and the most inconsistent method. For sample deconvolution analysis, DeMix outperformed IsoPure convincingly. Our RNA-sequencing data set provides a valuable resource for benchmarking different protocols and data pre-processing workflows. The extra noise mimics routine lab experiments more closely, ensuring any conclusions are widely applicable.
A 110-W AlGaN/GaN heterojunction FET on thinned sapphire substrate (2002)

SiN-passivated AlGaN/GaN heterojunction FETs (HJFETs) were fabricated on a thinned sapphire substrate. A 16 mm-wide HJFET on a 50 /spl mu/m-thick sapphire exhibited 22.6 W (1.4 W/mm) CW power, 41.9% PAE, and 9.4 dB linear gain at 26 V drain bias. Also, a 32 mm-wide device, measured under pulsed operation, demonstrated 113 W (3.5 W/mm) pulsed power at 40 V drain bias. To our best knowledge, 113 W total power is the highest achieved for GaN on any substrate, establishing the validity of the GaN-on-thinned-sapphire technology.
Therapeutic targeting of preleukemia cells in a mouse model of NPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia (2020)

The initiating mutations that contribute to cancer development are sometimes present in premalignant cells. Whether therapies targeting these mutations can eradicate premalignant cells is unclear. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an attractive system for investigating the effect of preventative treatment because this disease is often preceded by a premalignant state (clonal hematopoiesis or myelodysplastic syndrome). In <i>Npm1c/Dnmt3a</i> mutant knock-in mice, a model of AML development, leukemia is preceded by a period of extended myeloid progenitor cell proliferation and self-renewal. We found that this self-renewal can be reversed by oral administration of a small molecule (VTP-50469) that targets the MLL1-Menin chromatin complex. These preclinical results support the hypothesis that individuals at high risk of developing AML might benefit from targeted epigenetic therapy in a preventative setting.
Multivariable analysis of DNA ploidy, p53, and HER-2/neu as prognostic factors in endometrial cancer (1994)

Among molecular-genetic prognostic factors, DNA ploidy was the most strongly predictive of persistent or recurrent disease.
[Cytokines in Kawasaki disease]. (2014)

We analyzed plasma levels of 14 cytokines in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) before intravenous infusion of immunoglobulin (WIG) therapy using multiplex bead assay system. The results demonstrated that both inflammatory(TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IFN-γ, G-CSF, MCP-1 and sIL-2Rα) and anti-inflammatory(IL-10, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) cytokine levels were simultaneously elevated in patients refractory to the initial IVIG therapy. System-level understanding of the cytokine networks would be the key to develop a new therapeutic strategy to prevent coronary artery injuries in KD.
Randomized trial of hyperfractionated radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. (1995)

The combination of HFX RT and continuous CBDCA/VP-16 CHT was tolerable and substantially increased the survival rate.
Flt3+ macrophage precursors commit sequentially to osteoclasts, dendritic cells and microglia (2002)

We propose that macrophages, osteoclasts, dendritic cells, and microglia may arise from expansion of common progenitors undergoing sequential differentiation commitment. This study also emphasizes differentiation plasticity within the mononuclear phagocyte system. Furthermore, selective massive cell production, as shown here, would greatly facilitate investigation of the clinical potential of dendritic cells and microglia.
Novel graphene-based biosensor for early detection of Zika virus infection (2017)

We have developed a cost-effective and portable graphene-enabled biosensor to detect Zika virus with a highly specific immobilized monoclonal antibody. Field Effect Biosensing (FEB) with monoclonal antibodies covalently linked to graphene enables real-time, quantitative detection of native Zika viral (ZIKV) antigens. The percent change in capacitance in response to doses of antigen (ZIKV NS1) coincides with levels of clinical significance with detection of antigen in buffer at concentrations as low as 450pM. Potential diagnostic applications were demonstrated by measuring Zika antigen in a simulated human serum. Selectivity was validated using Japanese Encephalitis NS1, a homologous and potentially cross-reactive viral antigen. Further, the graphene platform can simultaneously provide the advanced quantitative data of nonclinical biophysical kinetics tools, making it adaptable to both clinical research and possible diagnostic applications. The speed, sensitivity, and selectivity of this first-of-its-kind graphene-enabled Zika biosensor make it an ideal candidate for development as a medical diagnostic test.
Optimization and evaluation of single-cell whole-genome multiple displacement amplification (2006)

The scarcity of genomic DNA can be a limiting factor in some fields of genetic research. One of the methods developed to overcome this difficulty is whole genome amplification (WGA). Recently, multiple displacement amplification (MDA) has proved very efficient in the WGA of small DNA samples and pools of cells, the reaction being catalyzed by the phi29 or the Bst DNA polymerases. The aim of the present study was to develop a reliable, efficient, and fast protocol for MDA at the single-cell level. We first compared the efficiency of phi29 and Bst polymerases on DNA samples and single cells. The phi29 polymerase generated accurately, in a short time and from a single cell, sufficient DNA for a large set of tests, whereas the Bst enzyme showed a low efficiency and a high error rate. A single-cell protocol was optimized using the phi29 polymerase and was evaluated on 60 single cells; the DNA obtained DNA was assessed by 22 locus-specific PCRs. This new protocol can be useful for many applications involving minute quantities of starting material, such as forensic DNA analysis, prenatal and preimplantation genetic diagnosis, or cancer research.
INDUCTION OF TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE TO RAT CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS BY INTRATHYMIC INOCULATION OF ALLOGENEIC SOLUBLE PEPTIDES1 (1993)

Since intrathymic (i.t.) injection of UV-B-irradiated spleen cells (SC) or purified resting allogeneic T cells, but not resting B cells, dendritic cells, or macrophages induces specific tolerance in transiently immunosuppressed recipients, we hypothesized that presentation of donor MHC peptide Ag by the host thymic APCs may convey a tolerogenic signal to the recipient. This study examined if i.t. inoculation of allogeneic soluble Ag obtained from 3 M KCl extracts of purified resting T cells can induce specific tolerance to cardiac allografts in transiently immunomodulated recipients. We have now shown that i.t. inoculation of donor soluble Ag on day -7 combined with 1 ml ALS on days -7 and 0 leads to indefinite WF cardiac allograft survival (> 200 days) in Lewis recipients. This finding was reproducible in sublethally irradiated (200 rads TBI) ACI recipients of i.t. Lewis soluble Ag. In contrast, ACI cardiac allografts were promptly rejected in ALS-treated Lewis recipients of i.t. WF soluble Ag, confirming the donor specificity of such immunologic manipulation. Extrathymic inoculation of WF soluble Ag via the intravenous route in controls failed to prevent normal graft rejection in ALS-treated recipients. The long-term unresponsive recipients specifically and permanently accepted donor-type, second-set cardiac allografts. The observation that thymectomy performed 7 days after i.t. Ag injection led to graft rejection strongly suggests that the early phase of induction of donor-specific tolerance is dependent on the presence of donor alloantigens in the host thymus. This approach may have important clinical therapeutic potential in the induction of transplantation tolerance.
1,25‐dihydroxy‐vitamin‐D3 enhances antiproliferative effect and transcription of TGF‐β1 on human keratinocytes in culture (1992)

Both TGF-beta and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin-D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) have been reported to decrease the proliferation of normal human keratinocytes. The effect and expression of TGF-beta in keratinocytes treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 was investigated. Human keratinocytes were grown in the presence of various concentrations of TGF-beta and/or 1,25(OH)2D3 prior to enumeration. TGF-beta, alone, has a half maximal dose of inhibition (ED50) of approximately 750 pg/ml after seven days in culture in Keratinocyte Growth Medium (KGM; Clonetics) supplemented with 1.5 mM calcium. When 1,25(OH)2D3 (10(-7)M) was also added to cultures with various concentrations of TGF-beta, the ED50 shifted an average of 2-fold less. The presence of TGF-beta (10 pg/ml) augmented the potency of 1,25(OH)2D3 by at least 10-fold. In keratinocyte cultures, the antiproliferative effect of the two compounds together is synergistic. In keratinocytes grown for 1 week in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 at 10(-6)M, the TGF-beta 1 message increased approximately 5-fold. An increase is detected within 2 hours of exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3. There was only a 50% increase in the levels of TGF-beta 2 and no detection of TGF-beta 3. When keratinocyte cultures were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 and neutralizing antibodies to TGF-beta, the induced-antiproliferative activity was blocked by more than 50%. The keratinocytes produced more active than latent TGF-beta after growth with high doses of 1,25(OH)2D3.
Gene expression profiles of human breast cancer progression (2003)

Although distinct pathological stages of breast cancer have been described, the molecular differences among these stages are largely unknown. Here, through the combined use of laser capture microdissection and DNA microarrays, we have generated in situ gene expression profiles of the premalignant, preinvasive, and invasive stages of human breast cancer. Our data reveal extensive similarities at the transcriptome level among the distinct stages of progression and suggest that gene expression alterations conferring the potential for invasive growth are already present in the preinvasive stages. In contrast to tumor stage, different tumor grades are associated with distinct gene expression signatures. Furthermore, a subset of genes associated with high tumor grade is quantitatively correlated with the transition from preinvasive to invasive growth.
Autonomous Robot Calibration for Hand-Eye Coordination (1991)

Autonomous robot calibration is defined as the process of determining a robot's model by using only its internal sen sors. It is shown that autonomous calibration of a manip ulator and stereo camera system is possible. The pro posed autonomous calibration algorithm may obtain the manipulator kinematic parameters, external kinematic camera parameters, and internal camera parameters. To do this, only joint angle readings and camera image plane data are used. A condition for the identifiability of the manipulator/camera parameters is derived. The method is a generalization of a recently developed scheme for self- calibrating a manipulator by forming it into a mobile closed-loop kinematic chain.
Big Data Classification Using Distributed Optimized Hoeffding Trees (2017)

Large usage of social media, online shopping or transactions gives birth to voluminous data. Visual representation and analysis of this large amount of data is one of the major research topics today. As this data is changing over the period of time, we need an approach which will take care of velocity of data as well as volume and variety. In this paper, author has proposed a distributed method which will handle three dimensions of data and gives good results as compared to other method. Traditional algorithms are based on global optima which are basically memory resident programs. Our approach which is based on optimized hoeffding bound uses local optima method and distributed map-reduce architecture. It does not require copying whole data set onto a memory. As the model build is frequently updated on multiple nodes concurrently, it is more suitable for time varying data. Hoeffding bound is basically suitable for real time data stream. We have proposed very efficient distributed map-reduce architecture to implement hoeffding tree efficiently. We have used deep learning at leaf level to optimize the hoeffding tree. Drift detection is taken care by the architecture itself no separate provision is required for this. In this paper, with experimental results it is proved that our method takes less learning time with more accuracy. Also distributed algorithm for hoeffding tree implementation is proposed.
Building the Executive Dashboard (2003)

Executive dashboards are systems that provide business intelligence to company executives and managers by presenting data from a wide variety of sources in ways that support effective monitoring and decision making. They are linked to a company's data warehouses or other sources of data from operations, finance, marketing, and other domains and thus must provide visualizations that allow users to comprehend what can be an enormous quantity of data. In order to do so, the designer must consider many of the formats that have been identified in human factors practice to support various kinds of data and tasks. Many executive dashboards include capabilities to aggregate data from multiple sources, drill down to examine specific data, analyze historical or conceptual trends, and other functionality. These added capabilities add a significant amount of complexity to the design that must be addressed carefully. Users are often experts in their domains (ie. marketing) but not necessarily proficient with information technology or data analysis. The design must satisfy the needs of the users while providing a simple and context-dependent interface in order to be effective. This paper describes many of the human factors issues involved in creating executive dashboard systems and suggests some areas for future research.
Export of an N-terminal fragment of Escherichia coli flagellin by a flagellum-specific pathway. (1989)

Flagellin and several other external components of the bacterial flagellum are thought to be exported, not by the general N-terminal signal peptide-dependent pathway, but by a flagellum-specific pathway involving a central channel in the flagellum itself. We have constructed a variety of mutant alleles of the Escherichia coli flagellin gene. Mutant flagellins with large internal deletions or truncations of their C-terminal region could still be exported, even though they could not assemble into filament. The most extreme example was a fragment containing only the N-terminal 183 residues of the 497-residue wild-type flagellin. This result suggests that the N-terminal region of flagellin contains a signal that enables the protein to be recognized and exported by the flagellum-specific pathway.
Post-traumatic Spinal Synovial Cyst with Spondylolysis (1989)

A spinal synovial cyst at L2-L3 produced obstruction at myelography and simulated an intraspinal tumor on CT. The CT recognition of bilateral spondylolysis of L3 suggested the possibility of a mobile posterior arch of L3 and associated synovial herniation. This was verified at surgery.
Handicapped retroviral vectors efficiently transduce foreign genes into hematopoietic stem cells. (1987)

Retroviral vectors, designated handicapped, are described. These are genetically defective viruses that allow transfer of nonselectable genes under the transcriptional control of internal promoters. The basic handicapped vector (pHHAM) is derived from Harvey, Abelson, and Moloney murine retroviruses. It contains a 327-base-pair deletion in the 3' long terminal repeat that spans enhancer and promoter sequences. The deletion is successfully transferred to the 5' long terminal repeat after reverse transcription of viral RNA, yielding a provirus incapable of synthesizing viral transcripts. HHAM viruses containing the mouse c-myc gene under the control of immunoglobulin kappa chain gene regulatory elements, along with a selectable gene (neo) driven by a weak promoter (tk), were stably transmitted to cultured mouse B cells. The donor c-myc gene was transcribed from the kappa promoter in these cells. Helper-free virus-producing cell lines were generated at titers favorable for the efficient introduction of HHAM viruses, even without selection, into hematopoietic stem cells from mouse bone marrow. When returned to unirradiated congenic recipient mice, the cells were capable of long-term reconstitution of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages of W/Wv mutants and the lymphoid system of scid mutants.
Comparison of Modified Dry‐Grind Corn Processes for Fermentation Characteristics and DDGS Composition (2005)

ABSTRACT Three different modified dry‐grind corn processes, quick germ (QG), quick germ and quick fiber (QGQF), and enzymatic milling (E‐Mill) were compared with the conventional dry‐grind corn process for fermentation characteristics and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) composition. Significant effects were observed on fermentation characteristics and DDGS composition with these modified dry‐grind processes. The QG, QGQF, and E‐Mill processes increased ethanol concentration by 8–27% relative to the conventional dry‐grind process. These process modifications reduced the fiber content of DDGS from 11 to 2% and increased the protein content of DDGS from 28 to 58%.
Sustainable production of ammonia fertilizers from biomass (2020)

Abstract Nitrogen is the most limiting plant nutrient. Inexpensive natural gas has substantially reduced costs of ammonia fertilizer for intensive agriculture in the developed world, but its excessive use negatively impacts downstream ecosystems. By contrast, the availability of ammonia fertilizer is a major economic bottleneck for agriculture in developing countries. A dedicated lignocellulosic biomass crop could supply sufficient substrate to generate optimal nitrogen fertilizer on less than 5% of a grower's food crop acreage. Reimagining ammonia generation using biomass could significantly enhance sustainable agricultural productivity in developing countries when combined with emerging catalytic technologies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd
Ultrathin self-assembled polymeric films on solid surfaces. 2. Formation of 11-(n-Pentyldithio)undecanoate-bearing polyacrylate monolayers on gold (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltrathin self-assembled polymeric films on solid surfaces. 2. Formation of 11-(n-Pentyldithio)undecanoate-bearing polyacrylate monolayers on goldFang Sun, David G. Castner, and David W. GraingerCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 11, 3200–3207Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00035a072https://doi.org/10.1021/la00035a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts