gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended Co-Expression of Inhibitory Receptors by Human CD8 T-Cells Depending on Differentiation, Antigen-Specificity and Anatomical Localization (2012)

Inhibitory receptors mediate CD8 T-cell hyporesponsiveness against cancer and infectious diseases. PD-1 and CTLA-4 have been extensively studied, and blocking antibodies have already shown clinical benefit for cancer patients. Only little is known on extended co-expression of inhibitory receptors and their ligands. Here we analyzed the expression of eight inhibitory receptors by tumor-antigen specific CD8 T-cells. We found that the majority of effector T-cells simultaneously expressed four or more of the inhibitory receptors BTLA, TIM-3, LAG-3, KRLG-1, 2B4, CD160, PD-1 and CTLA-4. There were major differences depending on antigen-specificity, differentiation and anatomical localization of T-cells. On the other hand, naive T-cells were only single or double positive for BTLA and TIM-3. Extended co-expression is likely relevant for effector T-cells, as we found expression of multiple ligands in metastatic lesions of melanoma patients. Together, our data suggest that naive T-cells are primarily regulated by BTLA and TIM-3, whereas effector cells interact via larger numbers of inhibitory receptors. Blocking multiple inhibitory receptors simultaneously or sequentially may improve T-cell based therapies, but further studies are necessary to clarify the role of each receptor-ligand pair.
The comprehensive approach of QoS and the evolution of ACSE protocols in multimedia communications (2002)

This paper discusses the evolution of ACSE-like protocols in the multimedia communications domain. The ACSE standard has traditionally supported numerous data applications which do not claim quality of service (QoS) guarantees. In a multimedia multiparty call, the end-user of a multimedia application issues diverse QoS parameters values, which are interpreted onto specific performance parameter values in the communication subsystem and the operating system. The notion of QoS is important for the real-time performance of distributed multimedia systems, as it expresses the application requirements towards the communication and operating system frameworks. In this paper, the main weaknesses of existing signalling and connection establishment protocols are discussed. The attractive features of their interfaces are also presented and analyzed. In addition, a novel protocol which adopts a comprehensive approach for QoS is presented in brief. This protocol incorporates resource management strategies for the CPU scheduling and the virtual memory of a conventional multimedia workstation. The new protocol prearranges future trends in the multimedia communications domain, concerning the connection establishment protocols in OSI application layer.
Metal-Coordination Complexes Mediated Physical Hydrogels with High Toughness, Stick–Slip Tearing Behavior, and Good Processability (2016)

It is challenging to develop hydrogels with a combination of excellent mechanical properties, versatile functions, and good processability. Here we report a physical hydrogel of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(AAm-co-AAc)) cross-linked by carboxyl–Fe3+ coordination complexes that possesses high stiffness and toughness, fatigue resistance, and stimulation-triggered healing along with shape memory and processing abilities. The copolymers have randomly dispersed AAm and AAc repeat units, making the physical cross-links with different strength. The strong coordination bonds and their associations serve as permanent cross-links, imparting the elasticity, whereas the weak ones reversibly rupture and re-form, dissipating the energy. Furthermore, a stick–slip instability is observed during the tearing test, which should be associated with the specific nature of metal-coordination bonds that are strong yet fragile. Because of the dynamic nature of coordination bonds, both tensile and tearing mechanical properties are rate dependent. By tuning the bond strength via pH, the gels show distinct mechanical properties, shape memory ability, and even reversible sol–gel transition. The system also shows good processability; the copolymer solutions can be processed into tough gels with different structures by three-dimensional printing technology. These versatile, tough, yet processable hydrogels should be a promising material as structural elements in various applications.
Evaluation and Reparametrization of the OPLS-AA Force Field for Proteins via Comparison with Accurate Quantum Chemical Calculations on Peptides (2001)

We present results of improving the OPLS-AA force field for peptides by means of refitting the key Fourier torsional coefficients. The fitting technique combines using accurate ab initio data as the target, choosing an efficient fitting subspace of the whole potential-energy surface, and determining weights for each of the fitting points based on magnitudes of the potential-energy gradient. The average energy RMS deviation from the LMP2/cc-pVTZ(-f)//HF/6-31G** data is reduced by ca. 40% from 0.81 to 0.47 kcal/mol as a result of the fitting for the electrostatically uncharged dipeptides. Transferability of the parameters is demonstrated by using the same alanine dipeptide-fitted backbone torsional parameters for all of the other dipeptides (with the appropriate side-chain refitting) and the alanine tetrapeptide. Parameters of nonbonded interactions have also been refitted for the sulfur-containing dipeptides (cysteine and methionine), and the validity of the new Coulombic charges and the van der Waals σ's and ε's is proved through reproducing gas-phase energies of complex formation heats of vaporization and densities of pure model liquids. Moreover, a novel approach to fitting torsional parameters for electrostatically charged molecular systems has been presented and successfully tested on five dipeptides with charged side chains.
Aspirin-like Molecules that Covalently Inactivate Cyclooxygenase-2 (1998)

Many of aspirin's therapeutic effects arise from its acetylation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), whereas its antithrombotic and ulcerogenic effects result from its acetylation of COX-1. Here, aspirin-like molecules were designed that preferentially acetylate and irreversibly inactivate COX-2. The most potent of these compounds was o-(acetoxyphenyl)hept-2-ynyl sulfide (APHS). Relative to aspirin, APHS was 60 times as reactive against COX-2 and 100 times as selective for its inhibition; it also inhibited COX-2 in cultured macrophages and colon cancer cells and in the rat air pouch in vivo. Such compounds may lead to the development of aspirin-like drugs for the treatment or prevention of immunological and proliferative diseases without gastrointestinal or hematologic side effects.
Data-Driven MRSI Spectral Localization Via Low-Rank Component Analysis (2013)

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a powerful tool capable of providing spatially localized maps of metabolite concentrations. Its utility, however, is often depreciated by spectral leakage artifacts resulting from low spatial resolution measurements through an effort to reduce acquisition times. Though model-based techniques can help circumvent these drawbacks, they require strong prior knowledge, and can introduce additional artifacts when the underlying models are inaccurate. We introduce a novel scheme in which a generative model is estimated from the raw MRSI data via a regularized variational framework that minimizes the model approximation error within a measurement-prescribed subspace. As additional a priori information, our approach relies only upon a measured field inhomogeneity map at high spatial resolution. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach on both synthetic and experimental data.
In situneutron diffraction studies of high density amorphous ice under pressure (2005)

We review recent in situ neutron diffraction studies on the structural pressure dependence and the recrystallization of dense amorphous ices up to 2 GPa. Progress in high pressure techniques and data analysis methods allows the reliable determination of all three partial structure factors of amorphous ice under pressure. The strong pressure dependence of the gOO(r) correlation function shows that the isothermal compression of high density amorphous ice (HDA) at 100 K is achieved by a contraction ({\sim }20\%) of the second-neighbour coordination shell leading to a strong increase in coordination. The gDD(r) and gOD(r) structure factors are, in contrast, only weakly sensitive to pressure. These data allow a comparison with structural features of the recently reported 'very high density amorphous ice' (VHDA) which indicates that VHDA at ambient pressure is very similar to compressed HDA, at least up to the second-neighbour shell. The recrystallization of HDA has been investigated in the range 0.3–2 GPa. It is shown that hydrogen-disordered phases are produced which normally grow only from the liquid, such as ice XII, and in particular ice IV. These findings are in good agreement with results on quench-recovered samples.
2,4-Dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones as anticonvulsant agents (1990)

A series of 5-aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones was evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. In general the members of this series were prepared by the alkaline cyclization of 1-aroyl-4-alkylsemicarbazides. The resulting 2-unsubstituted 3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones were then alkylated, yielding 2,4-dialkyl-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones. Approximately one-third of the compounds examined exhibited activity against both maximal electroshock- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. Receptor-binding studies suggest that this activity was not a consequence of activity at either benzodiazepine or NMDA-type glutamate receptors. From this series, compound 45 was selected for further evaluation where it was also found to be active against 3-mercaptopropionic acid, bicuculline, and quinolinic acid induced seizures in mice. In addition, 45 also protected gerbils from hippocampal neuronal degeneration produced by either hypoxia or intrastriatal quinolinic acid injection.
Periplasmic secretion of human growth hormone by Escherichia coli (1989)

The gene coding for human growth hormone (hGH) was fused to the coding sequence for the signal peptide of a secreted Escherichia coli protein. STII heat-stable enterotoxin. This hybrid gene was expressed in E. coli. The signal peptide is properly processed and hGH is secreted in to the periplasmic space. In E. coli, some of the material made is proteolytically clipped or deamidated. The effect of culture conditions on the expression and secretion of hGH was studied and several important parameters were identified, including culture temperature and duration, cultivation pH, K+ levels, plasmid structure, and nutrient supplements. Alteration of culture conditions significantly improves the recovery yield and product quality of human growth hormone.
Statistical admission control using delay distribution measurements (2006)

Growth of performance sensitive applications, such as voice and multimedia, has led to widespread adoption of resource virtualization by a variety of service providers (xSPs). For instance, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) increasingly differentiate their offerings by means of customized services, such as virtual private networks (VPN) with Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees or QVPNs. Similarly Storage Service Providers (SSPs) use storage area networks (SAN)/network attached storage (NAS) technology to provision virtual disks with QoS guarantees or QVDs. The key challenge faced by these xSPs is to maximize the number of virtual resource units they can support by exploiting the statistical multiplexing nature of the customers' input request load.While a number of measurement-based admission control algorithms utilize statistical multiplexing along the bandwidth dimension, they do not satisfactorily exploit statistical multiplexing along the delay dimension to guarantee distinct per-virtual-unit delay bounds. This article presents Delay Distribution Measurement (DDM) based admission control algorithm, the first measurement-based approach that effectively exploits statistical multiplexing along the delay dimension. In other words, DDM exploits the well-known fact that the actual delay experienced by most service requests (packets or disk I/O requests) for a virtual unit is usually far smaller than its worst-case delay bound requirement because multiple virtual units rarely send request bursts at the same time. Additionally, DDM supports virtual units with distinct probabilistic delay guarantees---virtual units that can tolerate more delay violations can reserve fewer resources than those that tolerate less, even though they require the same delay bound. Comprehensive trace-driven performance evaluation of QVPNs (using Voice over IP traces) and QVDs (using video stream, TPC-C, and Web search I/O traces) shows that, when compared to deterministic admission control, DDM can potentially increase the number of admitted virtual units (and resource utilization) by up to a factor of 3.
On-Site Immunoanalysis of Nitrate and Nitroaromatic Compounds in Groundwater (2000)

A miniaturized field-portable immunosensor (FAST 2000) was field tested at former military munitions sites for the detection and quantitation of TNT and RDX in groundwater. Developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and engineered by Research International, Inc. (Woodinville, WA), the immunosensor performed on-site analysis of contaminated groundwater at three military bases identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as priority Superfund cleanup sites. The locations were Naval Submarine Base, SUBASE Bangor, Bangor, WA; Umatilla Army Depot Activity, Umatilla, OR; and Naval Surface Weapons Center, Crane, IN. The immunosensor uses an antibody as the recognition element for the explosive molecule in a displacement assay format. Detection of the explosive molecule contained in groundwater is confirmed by an increase in fluorescence over background from the displaced cyanine-labeled explosive analogue. At each site, groundwater samples containing unknown concentrations of explosives were collected from monitoring wells and analyzed on-site by the portable immunosensor with no sample pretreatment or concentration. Groundwater samples were split and shipped to an independent certified U.S. EPA laboratory for analysis using SW-846 Method 8330 (HPLC). Statistical analysis based on linear regression curves comparing the immunosensor and the HPLC method showed good correlation, although site-dependent problems were encountered with some samples. The immunosensor required small sample volumes (150 μL/test) and less than 3 min to analyze samples with a method detection limit of 10 μg/L in the laboratory-spiked samples. The results from this field demonstration show the viability of the immunosensor for on-site analysis of explosives to assist in environmental remediation and monitoring efforts.
Interleukin-6 in human multiple myeloma (1995)

International audience
Four-wave mixing in nanosecond pulsed fiber amplifiers (2007)

We present an experimental and theoretical analysis of four-wave mixing in nanosecond pulsed amplifiers based on double-clad ytterbium-doped fibers. This process leads to saturation of the amplified pulse energy at 1064 nm and to distortion of the spectral and temporal profiles. These behaviours are well described by a simple model considering both Raman and four-wave-mixing contributions. The role of seed laser polarization in birefringent fibers is also presented. These results point out the critical parameters and possible tradeoffs for optimization.
Antitumor Agents. V. Synthesis and Antileukemic Activity of E-Ring-Modified (RS)-Camptothecin Analogues. (1992)

Several E-ring-modified analogues of (RS)-camptothecin were synthesized by total synthesis via Friedländer condensation and evaluated for cytotoxicity and antitumor activity against P388 mouse leukemia cells. Among them, (RS)-20-deoxyamino-7-ethyl-10-methoxycamptothecin (25c) was found to be more active than (RS)-camptothecin (1) in the in vivo assay.
Therapeutic Potential of Adipose-Derived Therapeutic Factor Concentrate for Treating Critical Limb Ischemia (2016)

Transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is an emerging therapeutic option for addressing intractable diseases such as critical limb ischemia (CLI). Evidence suggests that therapeutic effects of ADSCs are primarily mediated through paracrine mechanisms rather than transdifferentiation. These secreted factors can be captured in conditioned medium (CM) and concentrated to prepare a therapeutic factor concentrate (TFC) composed of a cocktail of beneficial growth factors and cytokines that individually and in combination demonstrate disease-modifying effects. The ability of a TFC to promote reperfusion in a rabbit model of CLI was evaluated. A total of 27 adult female rabbits underwent surgery to induce ischemia in the left hindlimb. An additional five rabbits served as sham controls. One week after surgery, the ischemic limbs received intramuscular injections of either (1) placebo (control medium), (2) a low dose of TFC, or (3) a high dose of TFC. Limb perfusion was serially assessed with a Doppler probe. Blood samples were analyzed for growth factors and cytokines. Tissue was harvested postmortem on day 35 and assessed for capillary density by immunohistochemistry. At 1 month after treatment, tissue perfusion in ischemic limbs treated with a high dose of TFC was almost double (p < 0.05) that of the placebo group [58.8 ± 23 relative perfusion units (RPU) vs. 30.7 ± 13.6 RPU; mean ± SD]. This effect was correlated with greater capillary density in the affected tissues and with transiently higher serum levels of the angiogenic and prosurvival factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The conclusions from this study are that a single bolus administration of TFC demonstrated robust effects for promoting tissue reperfusion in a rabbit model of CLI and that a possible mechanism of revascularization was promotion of angiogenesis by TFC. Results of this study demonstrate that TFC represents a potent therapeutic cocktail for patients with CLI, many of whom are at risk for amputation of the affected limb.
Perioperative Chemotherapy versus Surgery Alone for Resectable Gastroesophageal Cancer (2006)

In patients with operable gastric or lower esophageal adenocarcinomas, a perioperative regimen of ECF decreased tumor size and stage and significantly improved progression-free and overall survival. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN93793971 [controlled-trials.com].).
GaN thin films deposited via organometallic vapor phase epitaxy on α(6H)–SiC(0001) using high-temperature monocrystalline AlN buffer layers (1995)

Monocrystalline GaN(0001) thin films, void of oriented domain structures and associated low-angle grain boundaries, have been grown via organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) on high-temperature monocrystalline AlN(0001) buffer layers predeposited on vicinal α(6H)–SiC(0001) wafers using TEG, TEA, and ammonia in a cold wall, vertical, pancake-style reactor. The surface morphology was smooth, and the PL spectrum showed strong near-band-edge emission with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) value of 4 meV. The dislocation density within the first 0.5 μm was ≊1×109 cm−2; it decreased substantially with increasing film thickness. Controlled n-type Si doping of GaN has been achieved for net carrier concentrations ranging from ∼1×1017 to 1×1020 cm−3. Double-crystal XRC measurements indicated a FWHM value of 66 arcsec for the GaN(0004) reflection.
Baicalin attenuated substantia nigra neuronal apoptosis in Parkinson’s disease rats via the mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β pathway (2019)

This focus of our research is to investigate the protective effect of Baicalin on apoptosis and mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β pathway in substantia nigra neurons in a rat model for Parkinson's disease, induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine. Thirty healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, and Baicalin group. The Parkinson model was established by injecting 6-Hydroxydopamine into the right substantia nigra of rats in model and Baicalin group. The rats in Baicalin group were intragastrically administered with Baicalin (25 mg/kg/day) for four weeks. At the same time, the rats in control and model groups were intragastrically administered with equivalent solvents. We observed the rat turns, rotation speed and left forelimb usage. The protein expression levels of α-SYN, mTOR, AKT, and GSK-3β in substantia nigra were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Compared with model group, Baicalin significantly reduced the number of rotation speeds and neuron apoptosis (P < 0.001, respectively). However, the left forelimb use rate was notably increased after treatment with Baicalin (P < 0.001, respectively). Also, Baicalin decreased the expression levels of α-SYN, mTOR, AKT, and GSK-3β in rats when compared with those in model group (P < 0.001, respectively).
Synthesis of carboxylic acids and esters using polymer-bound oxazolines (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of carboxylic acids and esters using polymer-bound oxazolinesArthur R. Colwell, Louis R. Duckwall, Reda Brooks, and Samuel P. McManusCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 15, 3097–3102Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00328a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00328a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts