gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Change in Cotton, Linen, Rayon, and Cellulose Secondary Acetate with Temperature of Steaming (1963)

Reaction of woven cotton, linen, rayon, and cellulose secondary acetate with steam at three temperatures from 115.2° to 153.0° is measured, after rinsing of cloth in water, as amount of change in brightness, reducing action, weight, and wet strength of each polar polymer and change in acetyl of the cellulose secondary acetate. The trends of interdependence among these changes and the linearity of the relationship between logarithm of change and reciprocal of absolute temperature are compared as slopes. Apparent energies of interaction are evaluated as parameters of the Arrhenius and Eyring equations for temperature dependence of rate of reaction under the assumption that increment in copper(II) reduced to copper (I) by residual fiber and decrement in acetyl of the cellulose secondary acetate were each directly proportionate to rate of reversible reaction. The logarithm of the pre-exponential parameter is shown to increase linearly with Arrhenius energy of activation as change in entropy increases linearly with change in enthalpy accompanying depolymerization of the bleached linen, bleached cotton, rayon, and desized unbleached cotton.
Inhibition of estrogen receptor-DNA binding by the "pure" antiestrogen ICI 164,384 appears to be mediated by impaired receptor dimerization. (1990)

Many estrogen-antagonist and -agonist ligands have been synthesized, some of which have proved clinically important in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast tumors and endocrine disorders. Here we show that the "pure" antiestrogen ICI 164,384 inhibits mouse estrogen receptor-DNA binding in vitro. The effects of this steroid on DNA binding can be overcome by addition of anti-receptor antibody whose epitope lies N-terminal to the receptor DNA-binding domain. Since this antibody is also capable of restoring DNA-binding activity to receptor mutants that either lack the dimerization domain or bear deleterious mutations within it, we propose that ICI 164,384 reduces DNA binding by interfering with receptor dimerization. In contrast, when complexed with the antagonist/partial agonist tamoxifen, the estrogen receptor is capable of binding to DNA in vitro, but tamoxifen does not promote the agonist-induced conformational change obtained with estradiol. The implications of these data are discussed in relation to the in vivo properties of these drugs.
Microstructure and exchange coupling in nanocrystalline Nd2(FeCo)14B∕α-FeCo particles produced by spark erosion (2005)

Exchange spring magnet particles of Nd2(FeCo)14B∕α-FeCo were prepared by spark erosion. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer studies showed that the particles are composed of about ∼85vol% of Nd2(FeCo)14B and ∼13vol% of α-FeCo with negligible other phases. No oxide was found in these particles. Transmission electron micrographs indicated that the grain sizes of the Nd2(FeCo)14B and α-FeCo phases are ∼10–50nm, and are compatible with effective exchange coupling between the hard and soft phases. The intergrain exchange coupling was also observed in ΔM measurements.
Comparison of Bedtime Insulin Regimens in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (1999)

Combination therapy with bedtime insulin plus metformin prevents weight gain. This regimen also seems superior to other bedtime insulin regimens with respect to improvement in glycemic control and frequency of hypoglycemia.
A HVS-Weighted Cosine Transform Coding Scheme With Adaptive Quantization (1988)

An adaptive cosine transform coding scheme capable of real-time operation is described. It employs an adaptive quantization scheme where the quantizer range is dynamically scaled by a fedback parameter from the rate buffer. To take into account the human visual characteristics, human visual system (HVS) properties are incorporated into the coding scheme. Results showed that the subjective quality of the processed images is significantly improved even at a low bit rate of 0.15 bit per pixel (bpp). Two images were coded with the adaptive scheme achieving an average of 0.2 bpp with very little perceivable degragation.
A Novel Profluorescent Dinitroxide for Imaging Polypropylene Degradation (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTA Novel Profluorescent Dinitroxide for Imaging Polypropylene DegradationKathryn E. Fairfull-Smith, James P. Blinco, Daniel J. Keddie, Graeme A. George, and Steven E. BottleView Author Information Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 5, 1577–1580Publication Date (Web):February 15, 2008Publication History Received29 August 2007Revised21 January 2008Published online15 February 2008Published inissue 1 March 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma701944phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma701944prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1190Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Degradation,Fluorescence,Polymers,Probes,Thermoresponsive polymers Get e-Alerts
Clozapine (1991)

THE introduction of chlorpromazine in 1952 marked a turning point in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.1 Until then, the treatment of these illnesses had met with little success, and many patients with psychosis were held in largely custodial institutions for indefinite periods. Antipsychotic drugs brought new hope that morbidity and dysfunction in such patients could be ameliorated. In the past four decades, however, the limitations of the available agents have become clear: they fail to have appreciable benefit in perhaps 20 percent of patients with schizophrenia,1 2 3 and they have characteristic, sometimes severe and intolerable neurologic side effects. . . .
Improving Hydrophilicity and Protein Resistance of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membranes by Blending with Amphiphilic Hyperbranched-Star Polymer (2007)

To endow hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes with reliable hydrophilicity and protein resistance, an amphiphilic hyperbranched-star polymer (HPE-g-MPEG) with about 12 hydrophilic arms in each molecule was synthesized by grafting methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) to the hyperbranched polyester (HPE) molecule using terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) as the coupling agent and blended with PVDF to fabricate porous membranes via phase inversion process. The chemical composition changes of the membrane surface were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the membrane morphologies were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water contact angle, static protein adsorption, and filtration experiments were used to evaluate the hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties of the membranes. It was found that MPEG segments of HPE-g-MPEG enriched at the membrane surface substantially, while the water contact angle decreased as low as 49 degrees for the membrane with a HPE-g-MPEG/PVDF ratio of 3/10. More importantly, the water contact angle of the blend membrane changed little after being leached continuously in water at 60 degrees C for 30 days, indicating a quite stable presence of HPE-g-MPEG in the blend membranes. Furthermore, the blend membranes showed lower static protein adsorption, higher water and protein solution fluxes, and better water flux recovery after cleaning than the pure PVDF membrane.
Water-Use Efficiency in Crop Production (1984)

Plant biomass accumulation, and consequently yield, was shown to be inextricably linked to transpiration. The ratio of plant productivity to water loss, water-use efficiency, was very conservative. Only a few variables are available for manipulating water-use efficiency, and these have already been exploited to a large degree.
A note on cubic convolution interpolation (2003)

We establish a link between classical osculatory interpolation and modern convolution-based interpolation and use it to show that two well-known cubic convolution schemes are formally equivalent to two osculatory interpolation schemes proposed in the actuarial literature about a century ago. We also discuss computational differences and give examples of other cubic interpolation schemes not previously studied in signal and image processing.
Measurement of angular distributions by use of low-coherence interferometry for light-scattering spectroscopy (2001)

We present a novel interferometer for measuring angular distributions of backscattered light. The new system exploits a low-coherence source in a modified Michelson interferometer to provide depth resolution, as in optical coherence tomography, but includes an imaging system that permits the angle of the reference field to be varied in the detector plane by simple translation of an optical element. We employ this system to examine the angular distribution of light scattered by polystyrene microspheres. The measured data indicate that size information can be recovered from angular-scattering distributions and that the coherence length of the source influences the applicability of Mie theory.
Isolation and characterization of human cDNA clones encoding the .alpha. and the .alpha.' subunits of casein kinase II (1990)

Casein kinase II is a widely distributed protein serine/threonine kinase. The holoenzyme appears to be a tetramer, containing two alpha or alpha' subunits (or one of each) and two beta subunits. Complementary DNA clones encoding the subunits of casein kinase II were isolated from a human T-cell lambda gt10 library using cDNA clones isolated from Drosophila melanogaster [Saxena et al. (1987) Mol. Cell. Biol. 7, 3409-3417]. One of the human cDNA clones (hT4.1) was 2.2 kb long, including a coding region of 1176 bp preceded by 156 bp (5' untranslated region) and followed by 871 bp (3' untranslated region). The hT4.1 clone was nearly identical in size and sequence with a cDNA clone from HepG2 human hepatoma cultured cells [Meisner et al. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 4072-4076]. Another of the human T-cell cDNA clones (hT9.1) was 1.8 kb long, containing a coding region of 1053 bp preceded by 171 bp (5' untranslated region) and followed by 550 bp (3' untranslated region). Amino acid sequences deduced from these two cDNA clones were about 85% identical. Most of the difference between the two encoded polypeptides was in the carboxy-terminal region, but heterogeneity was distributed throughout the molecules. Partial amino acid sequence was determined in a mixture of alpha and alpha' subunits from bovine lung casein kinase II. The bovine sequences aligned with the 2 human cDNA-encoded polypeptides with only 2 discrepancies out of 535 amino acid positions. This confirmed that the two human T-cell cDNA clones encoded the alpha and alpha' subunits of casein kinase II. Microsequence data determined from separated preparations of bovine casein kinase II alpha subunit and alpha' subunit [Litchfield et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 7638-7644] confirmed that hT4.1 encoded the alpha subunit and hT9.1 encoded the alpha' subunit. These studies show that there are two distinct catalytic subunits for casein kinase II (alpha and alpha') and that the sequence of these subunits is largely conserved between the bovine and the human.
A minimal stress model for the assessment of electroacupuncture analgesia in rats under halothane (2007)

The use of anesthetics in acupuncture analgesia is controversial. We evaluate a steady-state light anesthesia model to test whether minimal stress manipulation and reliable measurement of analgesia could be simultaneously achieved during electroacupuncture (EA) in animals. A series of experiments were performed. Firstly, EA compliance and tail-flick latencies (TFL) were compared in rats under 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, or 1.1% halothane for 120min. Under 0.5% halothane, TFL were then measured in groups receiving EA at intensity of 3, 10 or 20 volt (V), 1 or 2mg/kg morphine, 20V EA plus naloxone, or control. Subsequently, the effect of EA on formalin-induced hyperalgesia was tested and c-fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn was analyzed. Rats exhibited profound irritable behaviors and highly variable TFL under 0.1% or 0.3% halothane, as well as a time-dependent increase of TFL under 0.7% or 1.1% halothane. TFL remained constant at 0.5% halothane, and needle insertion and electrical stimulation were well tolerated. Under 0.5% halothane, EA increased TFL and suppressed formalin-induced hyperalgesia in an intensity-dependent and naloxone-reversible manner. EA of 20V prolonged TFL by 74%, suppressed formalin-induced hyperalgesia by 32.6% and decreased c-fos expression by 29.7% at the superficial and deep dorsal horn with statistically significant difference. In conclusion, 0.5% halothane provides a steady-state anesthetic level which enables the humane application of EA stimulus with the least interference on analgesic assessment. This condition serves as a minimal stress EA model in animals devoid of stress-induced analgesia while maintaining physiological and biochemical response in the experiment.
Lattice Dynamical Approach for Finding the Lithium Superionic Conductor Li 3 ErI 6 (2020)

Driven by the increasing attention that the superionic conductors Li3MX6 (M = Y, Er, In, La; X = Cl, Br, I) have gained recently for the use of solid-state batteries, and the idea that a softer, more polarizable anion sublattice is beneficial for ionic transport, here we report Li3ErI6, the first experimentally obtained iodine-based compound within this material system of ionic conductors. Using a combination of synchrotron and neutron diffraction, we elucidate the structure, the lithium positions, and possible diffusion pathways of Li3ErI6. Temperature-dependent impedance spectroscopy shows low activation energies of 0.37 and 0.38 eV alongside promising ionic conductivities of 0.65 and 0.39 mS·cm–1 directly after ball milling and the subsequently annealed Li3ErI6, respectively. Speed of sound measurements are used to determine the Debye frequency of the lattice as a descriptor of the lattice dynamics and overall lattice softness, and Li3ErI6 is compared to the known material Li3ErCl6. The softer, more polarizable framework from the iodide anion leads to improved ionic transport, showing that the idea of softer lattices holds up in this class of materials. This work provides Li3ErI6 as an interesting framework for optimization in the class of halide-based ionic conductors.
Regulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase during NK cell activation (2000)

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 modulates a variety of cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation and cell death. However, we report here a novel function for p38, i.e. the regulation of cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. Stimulation of NK cells by either cross-linking of their FcgammaRIII receptors or by binding to NK-sensitive target cells induces the phosphorylation and activation of p38, and also of its upstream regulators MKK3/MKK6. Pharmacologic analyses suggest that Src-family and Syk-family protein tyrosine kinases couple the NK cell surface receptors to p38 activation. The role of p38 in the cytotoxic function of NK cells was tested by treatment of NK cells with the cell-permeable, p38-specific inhibitor SB203580. Interestingly, exposure to the drug reduced both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural cytotoxicity, but maximal inhibitory concentrations resulted in only partial inhibition. Collectively, these results suggest that the p38 MAPK pathway is stimulated during the development of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and that efficient killing is influenced by both p38-dependent and p38-independent pathways. More broadly, this study identifies the regulation of cell-mediated killing as a novel role for p38 in cytotoxic lymphocytes.
B cell antigen receptor desensitization: disruption of receptor coupling to tyrosine kinase activation (1997)

Antigen binding to the B cell receptor (BCR) induces receptor desensitization, a condition characterized by cellular unresponsiveness to subsequent Ag stimulation despite the continued ability to bind Ag. To better understand the molecular mechanism of this unresponsiveness, we have used complementary lymphoma (K46 mu) and Ig transgenic (3-83 mu delta) mouse models to study regulation of BCR signaling. Our findings in the lymphoma model show that an initial Ag encounter renders receptors unresponsive to subsequent Ag challenge, as measured by their inability to mobilize Ca2+ and to mediate phosphorylation of receptor-proximal kinases, including Lyn, Blk, and Syk. Most importantly, the Ig alpha and Ig beta components of desensitized receptors are not phosphorylated, and receptor-associated kinases are not activated upon Ag challenge. The molecular defect does not appear to result from Lyn inactivation, sequestration, or repression, since Lyn from desensitized cell lysates is activated in vitro by synthetic doubly phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif peptides. A similar deficit in Ag-induced receptor phosphorylation was observed in desensitized B cells from 3-83 mu delta transgenic mice. These studies indicate that Ag receptor desensitization reflects an inability to initiate activation of receptor-associated kinases that normally phosphorylate receptor Ig alphabeta subunits, leading to signal propagation.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Novel C(7)-Catechol-substituted Cephalosporins (I). (1996)

Cephalosporins have been widely used for treating diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in human and
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Localization Using a Microlaryngeal Electrode (1979)

Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a frequently seen complication in head and neck surgery. A system for intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is presented. The key to this system lies in the use of a microlaryngeal electrode and inserter. Application of this system to various situations is described.
Integrated Test and Evaluation of a 4-Bed Molecular Sieve (4BMS) Carbon Dioxide Removal System (CDRA), Mechanical Compressor Engineering Development Unit (EDU), and Sabatier Engineering Development Unit (EDU) (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents and discusses the results of an integrated 4-Bed Molecular Sieve (4BMS), mechanical compressor, and Sabatier Engineering Development Unit (EDU) test. Testing was required to evaluate the integrated performance of these components of a closed loop atmosphere revitalization system together with a proposed compressor control algorithm. A theoretical model and numerical simulation had been used to develop the control algorithm; however, testing was necessary to verify the simulation results and further refine the model. Hardware testing of a fully integrated system also provided a better understanding of the practical inefficiencies and control issues, which are unavailable from a theoretical model.&lt;/div&gt;
Oral Dehydroepiandrosterone for Adrenal Androgen Replacement: Pharmacokinetics and Peripheral Conversion to Androgens and Estrogens in Young Healthy Females after Dexamethasone Suppression (1998)

Women with adrenal insufficiency suffer from chronic dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate) [DHEA(S)] deficiency. To define a suitable dose for DHEA replacement, we studied the pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of orally administered DHEA in nine healthy female volunteers (mean age 23.3 +/- 4.1 yr, mean body mass index 22.5 +/- 1.8 kg/m2) with transient suppression of adrenal androgen secretion because of dexamethasone (dex) administration (4 x 0.5 mg/day for 4 days). Diurnal blood sampling was performed during the early follicular phase of four subsequent menstrual cycles (study period 1: baseline; study periods 2-4: dex + placebo, dex + 50 mg DHEA or dex + 100 mg DHEA in a randomized cross-over design). Dex induced not only a significant suppression of serum cortisol (to 8% of baseline) but also of DHEA (18%), DHEA(S) (16%), and androstenedione (26%), as well as of testosterone (28%), dihydrotestosterone (43%), and estrone (54%). Oral administration of 50 mg DHEA led to restoration of DHEA(S) baseline levels, whereas 100 mg induced supraphysiological concentrations [baseline vs. 50 mg DHEA vs. 100 mg DHEA: area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) 0-12 h DHEA: 280 +/- 85 vs. 241 +/- 73 vs. 383 +/- 106 nmol/L x h; AUC 0-12 h DHEA(S): 89.1 +/- 48.4 vs. 139.6 +/- 43.5 vs. 213.3 +/- 21.6 mumol/L x h). Serum concentrations of dihydrotestosterone and estrone were restored to baseline after 50 mg DHEA, whereas baseline testosterone and androstenedione levels were only achieved by administration of 100 mg DHEA. In conclusion, 50 mg DHEA seems to be a suitable replacement dose in females with adrenal insufficiency. Furthermore, the rapid and lasting conversion to potent androgens demonstrates a potential role of DHEA for androgen replacement in females in general.
Honeycombs, herringbones and brick-walls; three-fold guest-dependent variation in copper trimesate complexes bearing sulfimide ligands (2004)

Reaction of a solution of CuSO(4) and S,S'-diphenylsulfimide, Ph(2)SNH 1, with sodium salts of trimesic acid (H(3)tma) in MeOH gives the 2-D coordination network [Cu(3)(Ph(2)SNH)(6)(tma)(2)] in which each trimesate is bound to three copper centres. Addition of other solvents to the reaction mixture causes a change in the shape of the network. By this route, three forms have been prepared and characterised by X-ray crystallography. These include the known honeycomb, 2, and brick-wall, 3, motifs and a herringbone, 4, arrangement which is novel for transition metal-containing trimesate complexes. Key to the supramolecular isomerism observed is the ability of 1 to facilitate structural isomerism at copper(II) centres. In contrast to 2 in which the copper centres are square planar, 4 is analogous to an inter-allogon, with both planar and tetrahedral copper centres. Also prepared is a related complex which is composed of discrete units of three copper centres. These are further linked into a 2-D network by hydrogen bonds.
A pragmatic approach to systolic design (2003)

Limitations of current systolic designs are pointed out, and constraints are imposed to make systolic solutions practical. Matrix multiplication is used as an illustration, and a simple but very-high-performance systolic architecture, the Superprocessor for Matrix Problems (S-MP), that satisfies these constraints is presented. Implementation alternatives for the linear systolic array for matrix-vector multiplication, which forms the core of S-MP are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>