gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoseparated Polymeric Networks with Multiple Antimicrobial Properties (2004)

A multiply active antimicrobial network coating has been synthesized that contains nanophase‐separated poly(ethylene imine) units and hydroxyl groups in the surrounding matrix. Silver nanoparticles can easily be loaded into the PEI phase and the hydroxyl groups of the matrix can be separately modified with polyethylene glycol. The resulting coating is an antimicrobial silver ion release system (Figure bottom—TEM image) with a contact‐killing and microbe‐repelling surface (Figure top—AFM image).
Epitope Mapping of the Major Epstein-Barr Virus Outer Envelope Glycoprotein gp350/220 (1987)

To understand the complete immunochemical structure of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) major membrane glycoprotein gp350/220, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reacting with this important viral antigen were isolated. Through competitive inhibition binding studies, it was determined that a group of 18 IgG MAbs recognized seven distinct epitopes on the gp350/220 molecule. Eight of these MAbs fell into a single epitope group with four of those MAbs, as well as a single MAb from another epitope group, being capable of neutralizing EBV strain B95-8 transformation of umbilical cord lymphocytes.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3, and steel factor induce rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p42 and p44 MAP kinase (1992)

Abstract Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), Interleukin- 3 (IL-3), and Steel Factor (SF) induce proliferation of hematopoietic cells through binding to specific, high-affinity, cell surface receptors. However, little is known about postreceptor signal transduction pathways. In previous studies, we noted that each of these three factors could independently support proliferation of the human MO7 cell line, and also that each factor induced a rapid increase in protein-tyrosyl phosphorylation. Although the proteins phosphorylated on tyrosine by GM-CSF and IL-3 are similar or identical in MO7 cells, many of the proteins that are phosphorylated on tyrosine after SF are different. However, two proteins, p42 and p44, were prominently phosphorylated in response to all three of the factors. In MO7 cells, the tyrosyl phosphorylation of p42 and p44 was transient, peaking at 5 to 15 minutes. In contrast to many of the other proteins which are tyrosyl phosphorylated in response to these factors, phosphorylation of p42 and p44 was temperature-dependent, occurring at 37 degrees C, but not at 4 degrees C. We identified the p42 protein as p42 Mitogen- Activated Protein Kinase (p42mapk, ERK-2) and the p44 as a p42mapk- related protein using monospecific antisera to MAP kinase. GM-CSF, IL- 3, and SF were each found to induce MAP kinase activity when assayed in vitro using myelin basic protein (MBP) as a substrate. Remarkably, we found that GM-CSF-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation of p42 and p44 even in nonproliferative cells (neutrophils) that respond to this CSF, and that p42 and p44 were two of the most prominently tyrosyl phosphorylated proteins following GM-CSF stimulation of these cells. These results implicate p42mapk and p44 as important signal transducing molecules in myeloid cells, and it is likely that these kinases play a role as part of a sequential “kinase cascade” linking growth factor receptors to mitogenesis and other cellular responses.
6-Substituted 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazin-2-ones with hypotensive activity (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT6-Substituted 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazin-2-ones with hypotensive activityJames H. Jones, Wilbur J. Holtz, and Edward J. Cragoe Jr.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 5, 537–542Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00263a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00263a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views181Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural characterization of the core of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease. (1988)

The paired helical filament, the principal constituent of the neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of Alzheimer disease, is shown to consist of two structurally distinct parts. An external fuzzy region can be removed by Pronase treatment to leave a Pronase-resistant morphologically recognizable core. Scanning transmission electron microscopy gives an estimate for the mass per unit length as 79 kDa.nm-1 before Pronase treatment and 65 kDa.nm-1 after treatment. The fuzzy region carries all the epitopes recognized by two different antisera against microtubule-associated protein tau. By contrast, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) we have raised to paired helical filament cores (mAb 423) decorates Pronase-treated filaments much more strongly than it does untreated ones. We have shown in previous papers that the epitope recognized by mAb 423 is carried by a central 9.5-kDa fragment of tau protein, which therefore forms part of the Pronase-resistant core structure. The remainder of the tau protein incorporated into the filaments must contribute part, if not all, of the fuzzy region. The mass per unit length measurements imply that the three-domain structural subunit of the core that we visualized previously by image reconstruction has a molecular mass of approximately equal to 100 kDa.
Dissolution of Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin in the Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate−Methanol System and Aspects of Wet Spinning of Fibroin Solution (2003)

There are still several problems associated with the spinning of dialyzed silk fibroin solutions. In this work some of these problems have been examined. The calcium nitrate tetrahydrate-methanol system was used to dissolve the silk fibroin. A compositional phase diagram was constructed at various concentrations of the solvent system. Regenerated fibroin powders from undialyzed fibroin solution in several coagulants showed different conformations. Regenerated powders from several coagulants except methanol and ethanol were resoluble in water. Atomic absorption analysis revealed that the calcium cations strongly interact with fibroin molecules in dialyzed fibroin solution, which may interfere with the regeneration of a strong fiber. Kinetic studies to determine the diffusion coefficient of methanol into dialyzed and concentrated fibroin solution were reported. The properties of both original and regenerated fibroin such as solubility in water and thermal behaviors using DSC were compared. Regenerated fibroin fiber was spun by the wet spinning method. An X-ray diffractogram showed that the regeneration process decreased the crystallinity of regenerated fibroin fiber. SEM images of the surface and cross section of the regenerated fibroin fibers were discussed.
Molecular Profiling Distinguishes Papillary Carcinoma from Benign Thyroid Nodules (2004)

Recently we identified a molecular basis for differentiating benign and malignant follicular thyroid tumors. The purpose of these studies was to determine whether molecular analysis can be used to differentiate papillary thyroid carcinomas from benign thyroid nodules. Gene expression patterns of 14 papillary thyroid carcinomas and 21 benign tumors were analyzed by oligonucleotide array analysis. The carcinomas included seven classical papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and seven follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC), and the benign tumors included 14 follicular adenomas and seven hyperplastic nodules. A hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to examine the groups for potential differences. The combined PTC and FVPTC groups had a distinct gene expression profile compared with the benign lesions. The sensitivity for a diagnosis of carcinoma was 93%, with a 100% specificity (one FVPTC clustered with the benign nodules). Cancer gene profiles contained both known (Met and galectin-3) and previously unidentified genes. Gene profiling is a reliable means of distinguishing PTC, FVPTC, and benign tumors of the thyroid. These gene profiles may provide insight into the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and may ultimately enhance the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules on a molecular basis.
Small Intestine Dysmotility and Bacterial Overgrowth in Cirrhotic Patients With Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (1998)

Patients with bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) more frequently than patients without bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine. The objective of this study was to determine whether the incidences of small intestine dysmotility and bacterial overgrowth are higher in cirrhotic patients with a history of SBP than in cirrhotic patients without SBP. Forty cirrhotic patients were enrolled in this study. There were 20 patients with a history of SBP and 20 patients without a history of SBP. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth was diagnosed by breath hydrogen test. Small intestine motility was recorded, by a 3-channel solid-state manometric catheter, for 24 hours. There were no statistical differences in age or sex between the two groups. The Child-Pugh scores in the SBP group were higher than in the non-SBP group (10.5 +/- 2.1 vs. 8.1 +/- 1.9, P < .01). The incidence of bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine was higher in the SBP group than in the non-SBP group (70% vs. 20%, P < .01). The amplitude and duration of migrating motor complex (MMC) activity fronts, as well as the number of clusters per hour, were similar in both groups. However, the frequency of MMC activity fronts was higher in the non-SBP group than in the SBP group (4.8 +/- 2.3/24 hours vs. 3.5 +/- 1.2/24 hours, P < .05). In addition, the MMC velocity was significantly higher in the non-SBP group (8.3 +/- 2.6 vs. 5.3 +/- 2.1 cm/min, P < .01). The incidence of bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine was higher in cirrhotic patients with history of SBP than in those without SBP. Small intestine motility dysfunction was more severe in cirrhotic patients with history of SBP. Impaired motility of the small intestine, causing bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine, may be one of the explanations for recurrent SBP in cirrhotic patients.
Platelet-derived microvesicles induce differential gene expression in monocytic cells: A DNA microarray study (2006)

Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMV) that are shed from the plasma membrane of activated platelets, expose various platelet-type antigens on their surface and are able to adhere to other blood cells and endothelial cells. There are several clinical conditions with markedly increased numbers of PMV, e.g. acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy and sepsis. To prove whether PMV may contribute to an inflammatory response we used DNA microarray technology to study the effect of PMV on gene expression in the prototypic monocytic cell line MonoMac 6 (MM6). PMV were generated by activating human platelets in plasma with collagen and subsequent removal of platelets and plasma by repeated centrifugation. MM6 were incubated for 2 h with PMV in a ratio corresponding to 75 platelets/cell, or saline as control. After RNA isolation, reverse transcription and fluorescence labelling, cDNA was hybridized on a medium density microarray comprising 5308 probes addressing 4868 transcripts of 4730 human genes relevant to inflammation, immune response and related processes. The formation of PMV-MM6 conjugates was associated with significant variations in gene expression, i.e. 93 genes were found to be differentially expressed (P < 0.001; q < 0.087). Among them, 47 genes with annotated transcripts and proteins were identified. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, 37 of the differentially expressed genes were identified as parts of networks associated with functional pathways including cell-to-cell signalling, cellular growth and proliferation, regulation of gene expression and lipid metabolism. For sphingosine kinase-1 the increased expression could be confirmed exemplarily not only by RT-PCR but also on the enzyme activity level. The data indicate that PMV signal differential expression of inflammation-relevant genes in monocytic cells and may represent a novel link between hemostasis and inflammation.
The role of erythropoietin, thrombopoietic stimulating factor, and myeloid colony-stimulating factors on murine megakaryocyte colony formation. (1984)

Various growth factors including purified erythropoietin, colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1), and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) were tested for their ability to stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis. Four separate preparations of erythropoietin were tested in highly defined cell culture medium. One unit of purified material stimulated small but significant numbers of megakaryocyte colonies, both in serum-containing and in serum-free cultures. All other erythropoietin preparations failed to induce megakaryocyte colony formation. Purified erythropoietin showed no synergistic activity with either WEHI-3 cell conditioned medium (WEHI-3CM, a source of both megakaryocyte CSF and megakaryocyte-potentiating activity) or P388D1 cell conditioned medium (P388D1CM, a preparation containing megakaryocyte potentiator). Partially purified thrombopoietic stimulatory factor did not stimulate directly megakaryocyte colony formation, but acted together with WEHI-3CM, augmenting the number of clonable progenitors detected. Optimal activity was observed at 12-25 micrograms protein per plate. Myeloid growth factors (CSF-1 and GM-CSF) were inactive in the murine megakaryocyte assay. The data show lineage specificity for the myeloid stimulators, but a purified erythropoietin preparation was found to stimulate a small level of megakaryocytopoiesis.
Advances in polymer derived ceramics and composites : a collection of papers presented at the 8th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology, May 31-June 5, 2009, Vancouver, British Columbia (2010)

Preface vii Introduction ix SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION Poly[(Silylyne)Ethynylene] and Poly[(Silylene)Ethynylene]: New Precursors for the Efficient Synthesis of Silicon Carbide 3 Soichiro Kyushin, Hiroyuki Shiraiwa, Masafumi Kubota, Keisuke Negishi, Kiyohito Okamura, and Kenji Suzuki Synthesis of a Catalyst-Loaded SiC Material from Si-Based Polymer 7 Akira Idesaki, Masaki Sugimoto, and Masahito Yoshikawa Solid-State NMR Studies on Precursor-Derived Si-B-C-N Ceramics 13 Otgontuul Tsetsgee and Klaus Muller Intermediate-Range Order in Polymer-Route Si-C-0 Fibers by High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction and Reverse Monte Carlo Modelling 33 Kentaro Suzuya, Shinji Kohara, Kiyohito Okamura, Hiroshi Ichikawa, and Kenji Suzuki Evaluation of Heat Stability of Si-O-C Fibers Derived from Polymethylsilsesquioxane 39 Masaki Narisawa, Ryu-lchi Sumimoto, Ken-Ichiro Kita, Yayoi Satoh, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Young-Wook Kim, Masaki Sugimoto, and Masahito Yoshikawa Investigation of Nano Porous SiC Based Fibers Synthesized by Precursor Method 45 Ken'ichiro Kita, Masaki Narisawa, Atsushi Nakahira, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Masayoshi Itoh, Masaki Sugimoto, and Masahito Yoshikawa PROCESSING AND APPLICATIONS Mullite Monoliths, Coatings and Composites from a Preceramic Polymer Containing Alumina Nano-Sized Particles 53 E. Bernardo, G. Parcianello, P. Colombo, J. Adler, and D. Boettge Functionally Graded Ceramics Derived from Preceramic Polymers 61 Martin Steinau, Nahum Travitzky, Timo Zipperle, and Peter Greil Generation of Ceramic Layers on Transition Metals via Reaction with SiCN-Precursors 73 C. Delpero, W. Krenkel, and G. Motz Facile Ceramic Micro-Structure Generation Using Electrohydrodynamic Processing and Pyrolysis 81 Z. Ahmad, M. Nangrejo, U. Farook, E.Stride, M. Edirisinghe, E. Bernardo, and P. Colombo Development of Si-N Based Hydrogen Separation Membrane 87 Keita Miyajima, Tomokazu Eda, Haruka Ohta, Yasunori Ando, Shigeo Nagaya, Tomoyuki Ohba, and Yuji Iwamoto Porous Polymer Derived Ceramics Decorated with In-Situ Grown Nanowires 95 Cekdar Vakifahmetoglu and Paolo Colombo Synthesis of Ceramic Nano Fiber from Precursor Polymer by Single Particle Nano-Fabrication Technique 105 Masaki Sugimoto, Akira Idesaki, Masahito Yoshikawa, Shogo Watanabe, and Shu Seki Synthesis of Novel SiBNC Fiber Precursor by a One-Pot Route 111 Yun Tang, Jun Wang, Xiao-dong Li, and Yi Wang Preparation of SiC Ceramic Fibers Containing CNT 117 Xiaodong Li, Haizhe Wang, Dafang Zhao, and Qingling Fang Preparation and Properties of Non-Circular Cross-Section SiC Fibers from a Preceramic Polymer 121 Wang Yingde, Liu Xuguang, Wanglei, Lan Xinyan, Xue Jingen, Jiang Yonggang, and Zhong Wenli Economy of Fuel Gas in a Combustion Furnace by Means of Si-C-Zr-0 Tyranno-Fiber Mat Sheets Converting High Temperature Gas Enthalpy into Radiant Heat Rays 127 Kenji Suzuki, Kiyotaka Ito, Matsumi Tabuchi, and Masaki Shibuya Author Index 137
Targeting the tumor mutanome for personalized vaccination therapy (2012)

Next generation sequencing enables identification of immunogenic tumor mutations targetable by individualized vaccines. In the B16F10 melanoma system as pre-clinical proof-of-concept model, we found a total of 563 non-synonymous expressed somatic mutations. Of the mutations we tested, one third were immunogenic. Immunization conferred in vivo tumor control, qualifying mutated epitopes as source for effective vaccines.
Phase II trial of subcutaneous anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) as first-line treatment for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) (2002)

Abstract This phase II study determined the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab, a humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, delivered subcutaneously as first-line therapy, over a prolonged treatment period of 18 weeks in 41 patients with symptomatic B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Injections were administered subcutaneously 3 times per week, from week 2 to 3 onward. An overall response rate (OR) of 87% (95% CI, 76%-98%; complete remission [CR], 19%; partial remission [PR], 68%) was achieved in 38 evaluable patients (81% of intent-to-treat population). CLL cells were cleared from blood in 95% patients in a median time of 21 days. CR or nodular PR in the bone marrow was achieved in 66% of the patients and most patients achieved this after 18 weeks of treatment. An 87% OR (29% CR) was achieved in the lymph nodes. The median time to treatment failure has not yet been reached (18+ months; range, 8-44+ months). Transient injection site skin reactions were seen in 90% of patients. Rigor, rash, nausea, dyspnea, and hypotension were rare or absent. Transient grade IV neutropenia developed in 21% of the patients. Infections were rare, but 10% patients developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. These patients rapidly responded to intravenous ganciclovir. One patient, allergic to cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, developedPneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Alemtuzumab is highly effective as first-line treatment in patients with B-CLL. Prolonged treatment is important for maximal bone marrow response. Subcutaneous administration induced very few “first-dose” flulike symptoms and may reduce health care costs in comparison with the intravenous infusions.
Immunochemistry of I/i-active oligo- and polyglycosylceramides from rabbit erythrocyte membranes. Determination of branching patterns of a ceramide pentadecasaccharide by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. (1984)

1H NMR spectra of the ceramide hexasaccharide obtained after the removal of the terminal alpha-Gal and subterminal beta-Gal residues from the ceramide decasaccharide, Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-3)[Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc (beta 1-6)]Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)Glc(beta 1-1)Cer, showed that terminal and internal GlcNAc residues are differentiated by their chemical shifts. This finding enabled us to determine the primary structure of the title compound as Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc (beta 1-3)[Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-6)]Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc (beta 1-3)[Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-6)]Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc (beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)Glc(beta 1-1)Cer. Alternative branching of this oligosaccharide chain was excluded since the removal of all terminal alpha-Gal and penultimate beta-Gal residues yielded a ceramide nonasaccharide containing one terminal and two internal 1----3-linked GlcNAc residues, as well as two terminal 1----6-linked GlcNAc units. The intermediate degradation products of the ceramide deca- and pentadecasaccharides , viz. the ceramide octa- and dodecasaccharide , obtained by the removal of alpha-Gal residues only, as well as the linear ceramide heptasaccharide, Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-3) Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)Glc(beta 1-1)Cer, and ceramide hexasaccharide, Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc (beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)Glc(beta 1-1)Cer, were also investigated. The usefulness of the glycosylation-induced chemical shifts is discussed.
Pharmacological characterization of a novel oestrogen antagonist, ZK 119010, in rats and mice (1991)

The oestrogenic and antioestrogenic effects of a new nonsteroidal compound ZK 119010 (2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-[6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-hexyl]-indol-5-ol) were evaluated and compared with those of tamoxifen and ICI 164384. In immature mice, ZK 119010 administered once daily for 3 days (s.c.) inhibited the uterotrophic and vaginotrophic effect of oestradiol in a dose-dependent manner and was distinctly more potent than tamoxifen or ICI 164384 in exerting antioestrogenic effects. When antioestrogens in combination with oestradiol were administered once daily for 5 days to ovariectomized adult rats, ZK 119010 at lower doses (less than or equal to 1 mg/kg) was slightly less effective than tamoxifen in inhibiting the uterotrophic effect of oestradiol. At the higher doses, however, ZK 119010 was strongly antioestrogenic, and ICI 164384 was less effective than ZK 119010 or tamoxifen. ZK 119010 at 10 mg/kg, like ICI 164384 at 30 mg/kg, caused an almost complete inhibition of the oestradiol-induced uterine growth in rats. The antioestrogenic effect of tamoxifen in rats was also limited by its inherent oestrogenic property. The oestrogenic activity of ZK 119010 was much below that of tamoxifen, whereas ICI 164384 did not show oestrogenicity. The present results indicate that ZK 119010 is a novel type of non-steroidal antioestrogen which has only a marginal oestrogenic effect in rats and mice. Such an antioestrogen may be useful for the treatment of oestrogen-sensitive diseases in man.
Uniqueness of the optimal control for a Lokta-Volterra control problem with a large crowding effect (1997)

Uniqueness of the optimal control is obtained by assuming certain conditions on the crowding e ect of the species. Moreover, an approximation procedure for the unique optimal control is developed. L ,