gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature Distributions During Local Ultrasound Induced Hyperthermia In Vivo (1982)

Ultrasound appears to provide a way to produce local hyperthermia even in a deep-lying tumour in tissues where bones or gas do not prevent the penetration of the beam. In this study the temperature distributions produced with focussed or plane and overlapping ultrasonic fields have been measured in pigs' muscle in vivo. The microcomputer based measurement system and some of the factors producing measurement errors will be introduced.
The Cornell commission: on Morris and the worm (1989)

After careful examination of the evidence, the Cornell commission publishes its findings in a detailed report that sheds new light and dispels some myths about Robert T. Morris and the Internet worm.
Protein-nanoparticle construct for intracellular delivery (2010)

Proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells. Being able to control them, deliver them to specific locations or give them desired functionalities and properties pave the way to numerous applications, including use as biosensors, within biocatalysis and biomedical devices. Thus, protein monitoring is extremely relevant and one of the most important challenges in biotechnology. One way to protein monitoring could be related to understanding and controlling their tertiary structure. It
is known that the properties and functions of proteins are determined by their conformation.
Therefore being able to induce conformational changes in proteins may be a possible way to control them.
In the present study, a series of experiments with Bovine serum albumin (BSA) were performed, analyzed and described to understand the adsorption, unfolding behaviour and conformational changes in tertiary structure of this protein when it was attached and spread on the surface of different types of polymer nanoparticles. BSA was selected since it is wellstudied
protein, the most abundant protein in plasma and one of the most used model protein. Three kinds of negatively charged monodisperse polymer nanoparticles were
elaborated by soap free emulsion polymerization: two different size polymer nanoparticles with epoxy groups and one type of polymer nanoparticles without epoxy groups. Finally, size and zeta potential measurements of corresponding BSA-polymer nanoparticle constructs, fluorescence spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and unfolding studies with
urea were carried out to study BSA conformational isomerisation in immobilized polymer nanoparticle systems. All experiments were done at three different pH conditions; 3.8, 7.4 and 9, corresponding to conditions below and above the isoelectric point (pI) of BSA.
BSA immobilization and degree of unfolding was found to be strongly affected by pH and
matching of the global protein and polymer nanoparticle charges. The results suggested
that polymer nanoparticles with epoxy groups offered covalent binding with stronger
attachment and larger conformational isomerisation than polymer nanoparticles without epoxy groups. These changes occurred to the largest degree at pH 7.4. This may be due to a high number of epoxy groups conjugated with amino groups of the protein. At pH 3.8 it seemed that the attachment of BSA was highest but without relevant structural alterations while at pH 9 it was in an intermediate level of adsorption and structural changes. Finally, there were no appreciable discrepancies between different size polymer nanoparticles.
Synthesis of aspartame precursor with an immobilized thermolysin in mixed organic solvents (1995)

N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester, a precursor of the synthetic sweetener, aspartame, was synthesized from N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid and L-phenylalanine methyl ester with an immobilized thermolysin (EC 3.4.24.4) in the mixed organic solvent system of tert-amyl alcohol and ethyl acetate. A mixed solvent consisting of tert-amyl alcohol and ethyl acetate at a ratio of 33:67 (v/v) was found to be the most suitable with respect to synthetic rate and stability of the immobilized enzyme. The reaction continued to proceed quite successfully in a column reactor at 40 degrees C and at a space velocity of 3.6 h(-1) with a yield of 99%, using 40 mM Z-Asp and 200 mM PheOMe dissolved in the mixed solvent as the substrate. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Acid-mediated reaction of bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) tetrafluoroborate with aromatic compounds. A selective and general iodination method (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-mediated reaction of bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) tetrafluoroborate with aromatic compounds. A selective and general iodination methodJose Barluenga, Jose M. Gonzalez, Miguel A. Garcia-Martin, Pedro J. Campos, and Gregorio AsensioCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 8, 2058–2060Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00060a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00060a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2597Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Studies on Prostatic Cancer: I. The Effect of Castration, of Estrogen and of Androgen Injection on Serum Phosphatases in Metastatic Carcinoma of the Prostate (2002)

Carcinoma of the prostate gland is peculiarly favorable for endocrine investigation since frequent serial observations of the activity of phosphatases in serum were found to provide objective indices of activity of the neo/~i~m when the enzymes were increased in amount above normal. In the present paper data are given for the values of serum phosphatases in carcinoma of the prostate and in normal men. We shall demonstrate that the of serum is reduced in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate by decreasing the activity of androgens through castration or estrogenic injections and that this enzyme is increased by injecting androgens. We have been unable to find previous observations indicating any relationship of hormones to carcinoma of the prostate gland. An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing phosphoric esters was discovered by Grosser and Husler (4) in intestinal mucosa and kidney. Robison (16) found that this enzyme was particularly high in activity in growing bone and cartilage and that its activity was greatest at pH 9 to 9.5. This ~alkaline was found by Kay (9) to be increased in the serum in certain bone diseases including metastasis of neoplasms to bone and later work has shown that among these conditions is carcinoma of the prostate. Davies (3) and Bamann and Riedel (1) discovered that there occurs in the spleen and kidney of swine and cattle, in addition to the alkaline phosphatase, a with an activity maximum at pH 4.8. An enzyme believed to be identical with this acid phosphatase was found by Kutscher and Wolbergs (11) to be present in very large amount in the human prostate gland. This finding of great activity of in the prostate gland was confirmed and extended to include prostatic cancer by Gutman, Sproul, and Gutman (7). The serum of certain patients with disseminated prostatic carcinoma was found by Gutman and Gutman (6) and Barringer and Woodard (2) to exhibit increased activity. Robinson, Gutman, and Gutman'~I5) summarized the activity levels of 44 patients with carcinoma of the prostate. They concluded that a marked rise in in serum is associated with the appearance or spread of roentgenologically demonstrable skeletal metastases and implies dissemination of the primary tumor and thus is of unfavorable prognostic significance. METttODS AND MATERIALS
Ectopic interleukin-5 receptor expression promotes proliferation without development in a multipotent hematopoietic cell line (1998)

The interleukin-5 (IL-5) receptor is a heterodimer that consists of an IL-5 specific alpha subunit and a common ssc chain that is shared with the receptors for granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3). In contrast to IL-5, which acts mainly as an eosinophil lineage specific factor in vivo, IL-3 and GM-CSF stimulate the survival, proliferation and development of various hematopoietic cell lineages and also multipotent progenitor cells. IL-5 has little effect on the survival or proliferation of the multipotent stem cell line FDCP-Mix A4 but does promote some eosinophil development. To investigate whether the lineage specificity of IL-5 is due to the restricted expression of the IL-5 receptor alpha subunit we transfected the FDCP-Mix A4 cells with a retroviral vector containing this alpha subunit. The ectopic expression of the IL-5 receptor alpha subunit in the FDCP-Mix cells did not increase the observed eosinophilic development but did stimulate survival and proliferation of the transfected cells when IL-5 was added. IL-5 thus acts like IL-3 in these cells, promoting proliferation and survival. The results suggest that IL-5, whilst having a capacity to promote proliferation, does not influence eosinophilic lineage commitment in these multipotent cells. The results further argue that the observed lineage specificity of IL-5 is probably due to factors in addition to the restricted expression of the IL-5 receptor alpha subunit.
Si dangling-bond-type defects at the interface of (100)Si with ultrathin layers of SiOx, Al2O3, and ZrO2 (2002)

Electron spin resonance on (100)Si/SiOx/ZrO2 and (100)Si/Al2O3/ZrO2 stacks with nm-thin dielectric layers reveals the Si dangling-bond-type centers Pb0, Pb1 as prominent defects at the (100)Si/dielectric interface. This Pb0, Pb1 fingerprint indicates that, while gratifying for the Si/SiOx/ZrO2 case, the as-deposited (100)Si/Al2O3 interface is basically Si/SiO2-like. The interfaces are in an enhanced (unrelaxed) stress state, characteristic of low-temperature Si/SiO2 growth. Based on the Pb0, Pb1 criterion, standard thermal Si/SiO2 interface properties may be approached by appropriate annealing (⩾ 650 °C) in vacuum in the case of Si/SiOx/ZrO2. Yet, O2 ambient is required for Si/Al2O3, indicating that the initial abruptness of the interface prevents thermal adaptation to occur until an additional SiOx interlayer grows. A minimal SiOx interlayer thickness (≳0.5 nm) appears requisite.
Chaperone function of FkpA, a heat shock prolyl isomerase, in the periplasm ofEscherichia coli (2001)

The nature of molecular chaperones in the periplasm of Escherichia coli that assist newly translocated proteins to reach their native state has remained poorly defined. Here, we show that FkpA, a heat shock periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase), suppresses the formation of inclusion bodies from a defective-folding variant of the maltose-binding protein, MalE31. This chaperone-like activity of FkpA, which is independent of its PPIase activity, requires a full-length structure of the protein. In vitro, FkpA does not catalyse a slow rate-limiting step in the refolding of MalE31, but prevents its aggregation at stoichiometric amounts and promotes the reactivation of denaturated citrate synthase. We propose that FkpA functions as a chaperone for envelope proteins in the bacterial periplasm.
ATPase activity associated with the magnesium-protoporphyrin IX chelatase enzyme of Synechocystis PCC6803: evidence for ATP hydrolysis during Mg2+ insertion, and the MgATP-dependent interaction of the ChlI and ChlD subunits (1999)

Insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX catalysed by the three-subunit enzyme magnesium-protoporphyrin IX chelatase (Mg chelatase) is thought to be a two-step reaction, consisting of activation followed by Mg2+ chelation. The activation step requires ATP and two of the subunits, ChlI and ChlD (I and D respectively), and it has been speculated that this step results in the formation of an I-D-ATP complex. The subsequent step, in which Mg2+ is inserted into protoporphyrin, also requires ATP and the third subunit, H, in addition to ATP-activated I-D complex. In the present study, we examine the interaction of the I and D subunits of the Mg chelatase from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. We demonstrate the purification of an I-D complex, and show that ATP and Mg2+ are absolute requirements for the formation of this complex, probably as MgATP. However, ATP may be replaced by the slowly hydrolysable analogue, adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, and, to a minor extent, by ADP and the non-hydrolysable ATP analogue, adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, all of which suggests that ATP hydrolysis is not necessary for the formation of the ChlI-ChlD complex. A sensitive continuous assay was used to detect ATPase activity during Mg2+ chelation, and it was found that the maximum rate of ATP hydrolysis coincided with the maximum rate of Mg2+ insertion. The rate of ATP hydrolysis depended on factors that determined the rate of Mg2+ chelation, such as increasing the concentration of the H subunit and the concentration of protoporphyrin. Thus ATP hydrolysis has been identified as an absolute requirement for the chelation step. The I subunit possessed strong ATPase activity when assayed on its own, whereas the D subunit had no detectable activity, and when the I and D subunits were assayed in combination, the ATPase activity of the I subunit was repressed.
ACRL develops leaders in New York (1996)

ACRL develops leaders in New York
B cells expressing Ig transgenes respond to a T-dependent antigen only in the presence of Ia-compatible T cells. (1988)

We sought a quicker and easier method for the isolation of B cells enriched for a given Ag specificity. Here, we report our results using transgenic mice bearing mu- and kappa-transgenes that encode an IgR against the hapten phosphorylcholine. Splenic B cells from such mice had a high percentage of phosphorylcholine-binding cells and differentiated in vitro in response to T cell hybridomas in an Ag-specific, Ia-restricted manner. Supernatants from such in vitro cultures could not transfer helper activity, nor could the T cell be replaced in other ways tried when using a classical T-dependent Ag. These results support the model of a cognate interaction between T and B cell, and we present evidence that the interaction may consist of two or more steps.
Human monocytes and U937 cells bear two distinct Fc receptors for IgG. (1986)

Several convergent lines of evidence have led us to propose that human monocytes and the related cell line U937 possess a second class of IgG Fc receptor (FcR) in addition to the 72-Kd high affinity FcR previously described. IgG affinity purification from detergent lysates of surface radiolabeled U937 cells has yielded both a 40-Kd IgG-binding membrane protein (p40) and the 72-Kd FcR protein. By the same procedure, only the p40 was isolated from the erythroblast cell line K562 and from the B cell lines, Daudi and Raji. Serologic cross-reactivity between the 40-Kd FcR on U937 and Daudi cells was demonstrated using a goat anti-FcR antiserum. A murine (m) monoclonal antibody, raised against the FcR of K562 cells, precipitated the 40-Kd FcR from lysates of U937 and K562 cells but not from Daudi or Raji cells. This antibody, referred to as anti-p40 (IV.3), selectively inhibited the binding of murine IgG1-coated erythrocytes to U937 cells, whereas monomeric human IgG selectively inhibited binding of human anti-Rh(D)-coated erythrocytes to U937 cells. Both Daudi and U937 cells mediated mIgG1 anti-T3 (Leu-4)-induced stimulation of T lymphocytes. In contrast, mIgG2a anti-T3 (OKT3)-induced stimulation was supported effectively by U937 cells but only modestly by Daudi cells. Intact IgG or Fab fragments of anti-p40 (IV.3) blocked mIgG1 anti-T3 (Leu-4) stimulation but not mIgG2a anti-T3 (OKT3) stimulation of T cells; monomeric human IgG blocked only OKT3-induced stimulation. The simplest interpretation of these results is that human monocytes and U937 cells bear two classes of IgG FcR, one of 72 Kd and the other, as described above, of 40 Kd. We propose that the 72-Kd FcR mediates rosette formation with red cells coated by human anti-Rh IgG as well as T cell stimulation by mIgG2a anti-T3 (OKT3) and that the 40-Kd FcR mediates rosette formation with erythrocytes bearing mIgG1 as well as T cell stimulation by mIgG1 anti-T3 (Leu-4). Furthermore, we suggest that these two FcR are the human homologues of the murine macrophage FcRI (binding mIgG2a) and FcRII (binding mIgG2b/1).
Pollination of Male‐sterile Soybeans in Caged Plots1 (1981)

Seed production on male‐sterile soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in cages with honeybees ( Apis mellifera L.) and alfalfa leafcutting bees [ Megachile rotundata (F.)] was compared with plants exposed to native insect populations in open‐caged plots and with plants grown in closed cages. All plots consisted of alternate rows of ߢWilliamsߣ male‐sterile plants ( ms 2 , ms 2 ) and ‘Calland’ which were covered by cages after flowering commenced. Significant differences were found between treatments for the number of seeds/plant, pods/plant, and seeds/pod. A significant increase in seed production of over 477% was observed on plants in cages containing the bees compared with plants in open or closed cages. No significant differences in seed production were observed between open or closed cages or between the use of honey or alfalfa leafcutting bees as the pollen vector. Honeybees were efficient pollen vectors, but were inconvenient to handle. Leafcutting bees seem to be preferable for mass pollination of male‐sterile soybeans in caged studies because of their temperament and ease of handling.
Squash Inhibitors: From Structural Motifs to Macrocyclic Knottins (2004)

In this article, we will first introduce the squash inhibitor, a well established family of highly potent canonical serine proteinase inhibitors isolated from Cucurbitaceae. The squash inhibitors were among the first discovered proteins with the typical knottin fold shared by numerous peptides extracted from plants, animals and fungi. Knottins contain three knotted disulfide bridges, two of them arranged as a Cystine-Stabilized Beta-sheet motif. In contrast to cyclotides for which no natural linear homolog is known, most squash inhibitors are linear. However, Momordica cochinchinensis Trypsin Inhibitor-I and (MCoTI-I and -II), 34-residue squash inhibitors isolated from seeds of a common Cucurbitaceae from Vietnam, were recently shown to be macrocyclic. In these circular squash inhibitors, a short peptide linker connects residues that correspond to the N- and C-termini in homologous linear squash inhibitors. In this review we present the isolation, characterization, chemical synthesis, and activity of these macrocyclic knottins. The solution structure of MCoTI-II will be compared with topologically similar cyclotides, homologous linear squash inhibitors and other knottins, and potential applications of such scaffolds will be discussed.
A fully logic-process-compatible, 3-transistor, SESO-memory cell featuring 0.1-FIT/Mb soft error, 100-MHz random cycle, and 100-ms retention (2008)

A 1-kb memory-cell array composed of single-electron shut-off (SESO) cells was fabricated with the 90-nm logic process for the first time. It features a 0.1-FIT/Mb soft error, 100-MHz random cycle, and 100-ms retention. In addition to a logic-compatible cell structure and a write-data caching scheme, a backup latch circuit with SESO transistors for logic application was also proposed.
Excited States in Cycloparaphenylenes: Dependence of Optical Properties on Ring Length (2012)

Hoop-shaped conjugated molecules, cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs), are simple strings of benzene rings with para linkages that have an ideal quasi-one-dimensional structure without edges. Here, we report optical properties of [n]CPPs (n = 9, 12, 14, 15, 16) clarified by one- and two-photon excitation spectroscopy. We showed that in this system the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) state has the same symmetry as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) state, and determined the transition energy of the optically forbidden HOMO-LUMO gap. It is found that the ring-length dependence of the HOMO-LUMO transition energy is identical to that of the photoluminescence (PL) energy, and that phonon-assisted transition causes efficient PL.
Tetrazine-Based Cycloadditions: Application to Pretargeted Live Cell Imaging (2008)

Bioorthogonal tetrazine cycloadditions have been applied to live cell labeling. Tetrazines react irreversibly with the strained dienophile norbornene forming dihydropyrazine products and dinitrogen. The reaction is high yielding, selective, and fast in aqueous media. Her2/neu receptors on live human breast cancer cells were targeted with a monoclonal antibody modified with a norbornene. Tetrazines conjugated to a near-infrared fluorochrome selectively and rapidly label the pretargeted antibody in the presence of serum. These findings indicate that this chemistry is suitable for in vitro labeling experiments, and suggests that it may prove a useful strategy for in vivo pretargeted imaging under numerous modalities.
Dynamic workload driven data integration in tableau (2012)

Tableau is a commercial business intelligence (BI) software tool that supports interactive, visual analysis of data. Armed with a visual interface to data and a focus on usability, Tableau enables a wide audience of end-users to gain insight into their datasets. The user experience is a fluid process of interaction in which exploring and visualizing data takes just a few simple drag-and-drop operations (no programming or DB experience necessary). In this context of exploratory, ad-hoc visual analysis, we describe a novel approach to integrating large, heterogeneous data sources. We present a new feature in Tableau called data blending, which gives users the ability to create data visualization mashups from structured, heterogeneous data sources dynamically without any upfront integration effort. Users can author visualizations that automatically integrate data from a variety of sources, including data warehouses, data marts, text files, spreadsheets, and data cubes. Because our data blending system is workload driven, we are able to bypass many of the pain-points and uncertainty in creating mediated schemas and schema-mappings in current pay-as-you-go integration systems.