gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of thermolysin and carboxypeptidase A by phosphoramidates (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInhibition of thermolysin and carboxypeptidase A by phosphoramidatesChih-Min Kam, Norikazu Nishino, and James C. PowersCite this: Biochemistry 1979, 18, 14, 3032–3038Publication Date (Print):July 10, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 10 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00581a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00581a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views265Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Alcoholic extraction of vegetable oils. I. Solubilities of cottonseed, peanut, sesame, and soybean oils in aqueous ethanol (1955)

Summary Solubilities of cottonseed, peanut, sesame, and soybean oils in aqueous alcoholic solutions at various temperatures were determined directly. Solubility curves for the four oils in aqueous alcoholic solutions are presented. The critical solution temperatures versus alcoholic concentrations data have been plotted and are in complete agreement with the previously published data of Japanese workers in each case. It is observed that the critical solution temperature increases with the moisture content of the alcohol, and in each case the relationship is linear. The pressure in the system also varies directly with the temperature, the maximum being approximately 20 p.s.i.g.
How ARCO drills high-angle wells offshore Indonesia (1993)

Atlantic Richfield Indonesia, Inc. (ARII) drilled and completed 28 high-angle wells since early 1986 in Bima, Papa and FF fields in the Offshore North West Java Sea (ONWJ) contract area. Early wells were drilled with conventional rotary bottomhole assemblies (BHAs); introduction of a steerable tool and MWD subsequently increased efficiency and reduced drilling costs. Both lignosulfonate and dispersed pac polymer muds have been used with good success. Cost to drill a high-angle well has been only marginally more than that of a 45[degree] directional well. Elimination of open hole logging and use of preperforated liners have reduced drilling costs by 10%. Production performance for wells has been higher than for vertical or low-angle wells. High-angle wells in Bima have outperformed offset vertical wells and are classified as a success. However, horizontal wells in Papa, which has a strong bottom-water drive, have not shown any improved recovery over conventional wells. The new well in FF field is still being evaluated. In this first of a two-part report, high-angle drilling operations including well planning, BHA selection, casing and mud programs, hole cleaning and logging are described. Specific wells in the Bima area are discussed as examples.
Involvement of de NovoCeramide Biosynthesis in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α/Cycloheximide-induced Cerebral Endothelial Cell Death (1998)

Cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), may elicit cytotoxic response through the sphingomyelin-ceramide signal transduction pathway by activation of sphingomyelinases and the subsequent release of ceramide: the universal lipid second messenger. Treatment of bovine cerebral endothelial cells (BCECs) with TNF-alpha for 16 h followed by cycloheximide (CHX) for 6 h resulted in an increase in ceramide accumulation, DNA fragmentation, and cell death. Application of a cell permeable ceramide analogue C2 ceramide, but not the biologically inactive C2 dihydroceramide, also induced DNA laddering and BCEC death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. TNF-alpha/CHX-mediated ceramide production apparently is not a result of sphingomyelin hydrolysis because sphingomyelin content does not decrease in this death paradigm. In addition, an acidic sphingomyelinase inhibitor, desipramine, had no effect on TNF-alpha/CHX-induced cell death. However, addition of fumonisin B1, a selective ceramide synthase inhibitor, attenuated TNF-alpha/CHX-induced intracellular ceramide elevation and BCEC death. Together, these findings suggest that ceramide plays at least a partial role in this paradigm of BCEC death. Our results show, for the first time, that ceramide derived from de novo synthesis is an alternative mechanism to sphingomyelin hydrolysis in the BCEC death process initiated by TNF-alpha/CHX.
Tenascin is accumulated along developing peripheral nerves and allows neurite outgrowth in vitro (1990)

The extracellular matrix protein, tenascin, appears in a restricted pattern during organ morphogenesis. Here we studied the expression of tenascin along developing peripheral nerves in chick embryos and tested its activity as a substrate for cultured neurons. Motor axons grow out through the tenascin-rich, anterior part of the sclerotome. Shortly after, tenascin surrounds axon fascicles of ventral roots. At the limb levels, outgrowing axons accumulate in the tenascin-containing girdle region forming a plexus. In the limb, tenascin first appears in bracket-like structures that surround the precartilage cell condensations of the femur and humerus, respectively. These regions coincide with the channels along which axons first grow in from the girdle plexus to form the limb nerves. Later, the major tenascin staining is associated with the cartilage and tendon primordia, and not with the limb nerves. We used tenascin as a substrate for cultured neural explants and single cells in order to test for its function in neurite outgrowth. Dissociated embryonic neurons of various types attached to mixed polylysine/tenascin substrates and sprouted rapidly after a lag of several hours. Outgrowth was inhibited and neurites were detached by anti-tenascin antibodies. On substrates coated with tenascin alone, neurite outgrowth was achieved from 3 day spinal cord explants. Whereas growth cones were well spread and rapidly moving, the neurites were poorly attached, straight and rarely branched. We speculate that in vivo tenascin allows axonal outgrowth, but inhibits branching and supports fasciculation of newly formed axons.
The Hippocampo-Neocortical Dialogue (1996)

In gross anatomical terms, the hippocampal archicortex can be conceived as an "appendage' of the large neocortex. In contrast to neocortical areas, the main output targets of the hippocampus are the same as its main inputs (i.e., the entorhinal cortex). Highly processed information about the external world (the content) reaches the hippocampus via the entorhinal cortex, whereas information about the "internal world' (the context) is conveyed by the subcortical inputs. Removal of the context makes the content illegible, as demonstrated by the observation that the behavioral impairment following surgical removal of hippocampopetal subcortical inputs is as devastating as removing the hippocampus itself. From its strategic anatomical position and input-output connections, it may be suggested that the main function of the hippocampal formation is to modify its inputs by feeding back a processed "reafferent copy' to the neocortex. I hypothesize that neocortico-hippocampal transfer of information and the modification process in neocortical circuitries by the hippocampal output take place in a temporally discontinuous manner and might be delayed by minutes, hours, or days. Acquisition of information may happen very fast during the activated state of the hippocampus associated with theta/gamma oscillations. Intrahippocampal consolidation and the hippocampal-neocortical transfer of the stored representations, on the other hand, is protracted and carried by discrete quanta of cooperative neuronal bursts during slow wave sleep.
High-mobility group box 1 restores cardiac function after myocardial infarction in transgenic mice (2008)

We report the first in vivo evidence that HMGB1 enhances angiogenesis, restores cardiac function, and improves survival after MI. These results may provide a novel therapeutic approach for left ventricular dysfunction after MI.
A Fast Learning Agent Based on the Dyna Architecture (2014)

In this paper, we present a rapid learning algorithm called Dyna-QPC. The proposed algorithm requires considerably less training time than Q-learning and Table-based Dyna-Q algorithm, making it applicable to real-world control tasks. The Dyna-QPC algorithm is a combination of existing learning techniques: CMAC, Q-learning, and prioritized sweeping. In a practical experiment, the Dyna-QPC algorithm is implemented with the goal of minimizing the learning time required for a robot to navigate a discrete statespace containing obstacles. The robot learning agent uses Q-learning for policy learning and a CMAC-Model as an approximator of the system environment. The prioritized sweeping technique is used to manage a queue of previously influential state-action pairs used in a planning function. The planning function is implemented as a background task updating the learning policy based on previous experience stored by the approximation model. As background tasks run during CPU idle time, there is no additional loading on the system processor. The Dyna-QPC agent switches seamlessly between real and virtual modes with the objective of achieving rapid policy learning. A simulated and an experimental scenario have been designed and implemented. The simulated scenario is used to test the speed and efficiency of the three learning algorithms, while the experimental scenario evaluates the new Dyna-QPC agent. Results from both simulated and experimental scenarios demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed learning agent.
Northern, Morphological, and Fermentation Analysis of spo0A Inactivation and Overexpression in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 (2002)

The Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 spo0A gene was cloned, and two recombinant strains were generated, an spo0A inactivation strain (SKO1) and an spo0A overexpression strain [824(pMPSOA)]. SKO1 was developed by targeted gene inactivation with a replicative plasmid capable of double-crossover chromosomal integration--a technique never used before with solventogenic clostridia. SKO1 was severely deficient in solvent formation: it produced only 2 mM acetone and 13 mM butanol, compared to the 92 mM acetone and 172 mM butanol produced by the parental strain. After 72 h of growth on solid media, SKO1 formed long filaments of rod-shaped cells that failed to septate. SKO1 cells never achieved the swollen clostridial form typical of the parental strain and did not form endospores. No spo0A transcripts were detected in SKO1, while transcription of two solvent formation operons (aad-ctfA-ctfB and adc; both containing 0A boxes in their promoter regions) was limited. Strain 824(pMSPOA) produced higher butanol concentrations than the control strain [824(pIMP1)] and dramatically elevated spo0A transcript levels and displayed a bimodal pattern of spo0A transcription similar to that of B. subtilis. Microscopic studies indicated that sporulation was both enhanced and accelerated due to spo0A overexpression compared to that of both the 824(pIMP1) and parental strains. Consistent with that, expression of the key solvent formation genes (aad-ctfA-ctfB and adc) and three sporulation-specific genes (spoIIGA, sigE, and sigG) was observed earlier in strain 824(pMSPOA) than in the plasmid control. These data support the hypothesis that Spo0A is a transcriptional regulator that positively controls sporulation and solvent production. Its effect on solvent formation is a balancing act in regulating sporulation versus solvent gene expression: its overexpression apparently tips the balance in favor of accelerated and enhanced sporulation at the expense of overall solvent production.
Selection of retrovirally transduced hematopoietic cells using CD24 as a marker of gene transfer (1994)

We have investigated the use of a cell surface antigen as a dominant selectable marker to facilitate the detection and selection of retrovirally infected target cells. The small coding region of the human cell surface antigen CD24 (approximately 240 bp) was introduced into a myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV)-based retroviral vector, which was then used to infect day 4 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated murine bone marrow cells. Within 48 hours of termination of the infection procedure CD24-expressing cells were selected by fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) with an antibody directed against the CD24 antigen. Functional analysis of these cells showed that they included not only in vitro clonogenic progenitors and day 12 colony-forming unit-spleen but also cells capable of competitive long-term hematopoietic repopulation. Double-antibody labeling studies performed on recipients of retrovirally transduced marrow cells showed that some granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and, to a lesser extent, B and T lymphocytes still expressed the transduced CD24 gene at high levels 4 months later. No gross abnormalities in hematopoiesis were detected in mice repopulated with CD24-expressing cells. Our results show that the use of the CD24 cell surface antigen as a retrovirally encoded marker enables the rapid, efficient, and nontoxic selection in vitro of infected primary cells, facilitates tracking and phenotyping of their progeny, and should provide a unique tool to identify elements that regulate the expression of transduced genes in the most primitive hematopoietic cells.
Effect of Retinoic Acid Receptor β in Growth Regulation of Gastric Cancer Cells (2000)

The effect of all\| trans retinoic acid(ATRA)is mainly mediated by its receptors,RARs and RXRs.The role of RARβ in growth inhibition by ATRA and the underlying mechanism in human gastric cancer cells were investigated.Expression level of RARβ mRNA was detected by Northern blot.The expression vector containing a RARβ gene was transfected into MKN\|45 cells which did not express RARβ mRNA by CellFECTINtm.Growth inhibition and statue of cells were detected by MTT assay and the method of colony formation of cells in soft agar,respectively.To explore the mechanism of RARβ in mediating effect of ATRA,a CAT reporter containing an βRARE(retinioic acid response element)was transiently transfected into cells and CAT assay was carried out.AP\|1 activity was also detected by CAT assay.RARβ expressed in MGC80\|3,BGC\|823 and SGC\|7901 cell lines,which were sensitive to ATRA,but not in MNK\|45 cells resistant to ATRA.When the RARβ gene was introduced and expressed stably in MKN\|45 cells,the cells restored their ATRA sensitivity,which led to growth inhibition of MKN\|45 cells and the inhibition of colony formation of cells in soft agar by ATRA.A stronger induction of CAT activity in response to ATRA was observed in MGC80\|3,BGC\|823 and SGC\|7901 cells.In contrast,only a slighter induction of CAT activity was seen in MKN\|45 cells.However,ATRA could induce the CAT activity of MKN\|45 cells transfected with RARβ gene,whose trend was similar to those of MGC80\|3,BGC\|823 and SGC\|7901 cells.In addition,ATRA could not inhibit AP\|1 activity in MKN\|45 cells.However,AP\|1 activity of MKN\|45 cells was inhibited obviously after cells were transfected with RARβ gene.These results demonstrate that expression of RARβ can contribute to growth inhibition of gastric cancer cells by ATRA.The induction of βRARE transcriptional activity and the inhibition of AP\|1 activity may present one of mechanisms of ATRA in controlling the proliferation of gastric cancer cells.
A new digital signal processing channel for data storage products (1991)

The author presents a run-length coded channel with digital signal processing and a sequence detection algorithm. A novel look-ahead decoder provides maximum-likelihood performance without Viterbi computations by focusing, on the minimum-distance error events. The channel, called
Herpes simplex virus VP16 forms a complex with the virion host shutoff protein vhs (1994)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) virions contain at least two regulatory proteins that modulate gene expression in infected cells: the transcriptional activator VP16 and the virion host shutoff protein vhs. VP16 stimulates transcription of the HSV immediate-early genes, and vhs suppresses host protein synthesis and induces accelerated turnover of cellular and viral mRNAs. We report here that vhs binds directly to VP16: vhs and VP16 were coprecipitated from infected cells by an anti-vhs antiserum, and vhs and VP16 protein A fusions each bound intact versions of the other protein in a solid-phase capture assay. In addition, vhs and VP16 interacted in the two-hybrid activator system when coexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. vhs residues 238 to 344 were sufficient for the interaction, and the VP16 acidic transcriptional activation domain was not required. vhs blocked the ability of VP16 to enter a multiprotein complex on an immediate-early TAATGARATTC consensus sequence, indicating that vhs interacts with one or more regions of VP16 required for promoter recognition. We suggest that this interaction may play a structural role in the assembly of HSV virions and modulate the activity of vhs during infection.
Synthesis of Nitrogenase in the Cyanobacterium Gloeothece (Gloeocapsa) sp. CCAP 1430/3 (1983)

55FeCI3 labelling and non-denaturing gel electrophoresis were used to study nitrogenase synthesis in Gloeothece sp. CCAP 1430/3. Nitrogenase synthesis was inhibited by addition of NHX but was unaffected by elevated concentrations of O2. Upon transfer of cultures of Gloeothece from light to darkness, there was initially a slight decrease in the rate of synthesis of nitrogenase but after 4–5 h there was an almost complete cessation of synthesis. This delayed effect of darkness on nitrogenase synthesis could not be related to any change in RNA synthesis, in protein synthesis or in the rate of breakdown of storage glucan. In cultures of Gloeothece, mRNA, including nif mRNA, was unstable, having a half-life of about 5 min. The synthesis of nif mRNA did not stop immediately upon transfer of cultures to the dark. If darkness exerts its effect on nitrogenase synthesis by inhibiting the synthesis of nif mRNA, it does so only after a lag of about 4 h.
Surface Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering on Nanostructured Gold Surfaces (2011)

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) is a well-known tool in multiphoton imaging and nonlinear spectroscopy. In this work we combine CARS with plasmonic surface enhancement on reproducible nanostructured surfaces. We demonstrate strong correlation between plasmon resonances and surface-enhanced CARS (SECARS) intensities on our nanostructured surfaces and show that an enhancement of ∼10(5) can be obtained over standard CARS. Furthermore, we find SECARS to be >10(3) times more sensitive than surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). We also demonstrate SECARS imaging of molecular monolayers. Our work paves the way for reliable single molecule Raman spectroscopy and fast molecular imaging on plasmonic surfaces.
Site-Specific Targeting of Nanoparticle Prednisolone Reduces In-Stent Restenosis in a Rabbit Model of Established Atheroma (2008)

TRM-484 at doses of 1 mg/kg resulted in significant suppression of in-stent neointimal growth in atherosclerotic rabbits. Site-specific targeting by this nanoparticle steroid in injured atherosclerotic areas might be a valuable and cost-effective approach for the prevention of in-stent restenosis.
Cloning and expression of cDNA for a human enzyme that hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGTP, a mutagenic substrate for DNA synthesis. (1993)

8-Oxoguanine (8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine) is produced in DNA, as well as in nucleotide pools of cells, by active oxygen species normally formed during cellular metabolic processes. 8-Oxoguanine nucleotide can pair with cytosine and adenine nucleotides at almost equal efficiencies, and transversion mutation ensues. Human cells contain enzyme activity, which hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGTP to 8-oxo-dGMP, and this enzyme is responsible for preventing misincorporation of 8-oxoguanine into DNA. We purified this particular human enzyme to physical homogeneity and determined a partial amino acid sequence. We then cloned the cDNA for human 8-oxo-dGTPase and examined its nucleotide sequence. The human protein comprises 156 amino acid residues and has some sequence homology with the Escherichia coli MutT protein, which has a distinct 8-oxo-dGTPase activity. When the human cDNA was expressed in E. coli mutT- mutant cells, there was a significant amount of 8-oxo-dGTPase activity. In such cells, the frequency of spontaneous mutation was greatly reduced. We propose that the human 8-oxo-dGTPase protects genetic information from the untoward effects of endogenous oxygen radicals.
Endurance training increases FFA oxidation and reduces triacylglycerol utilization in contracting rat soleus (2000)

We examined the effects of 8 wk of intense endurance training on free fatty acid (FFA) transporters and metabolism in resting and contracting soleus muscle using pulse-chase procedures. Endurance training increased maximal citrate synthase activity in red muscles (+54 to +91%; P </= 0.05) but failed to increase cytosolic fatty acid binding protein content, mRNA for fatty acyl-CoA synthase, and the putative FFA transporters or transport of palmitic acid into giant sarcolemmal vesicles. At rest, only triacylglycerol (TG) synthesis was significantly increased by training (+100.9 +/- 8.7 vs. +66.6 +/- 6.7 nmol/g wet wt; P </= 0.05). Muscle contraction increased TG synthesis (+46%; P </= 0.05) and palmitate oxidation (+115%; P </= 0.05) in untrained rats. Endurance training further enhanced synthesis of monoacylglycerol (MG), diacylglycerol (DG) and TG during contraction (+36, +69 and +71%, respectively; P </= 0.05), as well as exogenous palmitate oxidation (+41%; P </= 0.05) relative to untrained rats. Compared with those in untrained rats, TG breakdown and oxidation during contraction were reduced after training by 49 and 30%, respectively (P </= 0.05). In conclusion, endurance training 1) increases FFA oxidation and incorporation into endogenous lipid pools during contraction and 2) reduces the rate of intramuscular TG utilization during contraction when exogenous FFA availability is adequate. The enhanced FFA uptake subsequent to training appears to be independent of altered maximal transport rates of FFA into the muscle cell.