gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytoarchitecture of the central amygdaloid nucleus of the rat (1982)

Since recent studies indicate that distinct neuropeptides and projections are associated with discrete portions of the central amygdaloid nucleus (CN), a detailed investigation of the cytoarchitecture of CN should contribute to an understanding of its organization. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the rat CN using Nissl, Klüver-Barrera, and Golgi techniques suggests that it consists of four subdivisions. The medial subdivision (CM), which is closely associated with the stria terminalis, is narrow caudally but enlarges near the rostral pole of CN. Most neurons in CM have long dendrites that branch sparingly and have a moderate number of dendritic spines. A smaller number of CM neurons have thick dendrites with virtually no spines. Lateral to CM is the lateral subdivision (CL) which appears round in coronal sections. Neurons of CL have a very dense covering of dendritic spines and resemble medium-size spiny neurons of the striatum. Area X of Hall contains spiny neurons similar to those of CL and spine-sparse neurons that resemble medium-size spine-sparse cells of the striatum. Since area X encapsulates the lateral aspect of CL, it is termed the lateral capsular subdivision (CLC) of CN. The lateral capsular subdivision enlarges rostrally and is divided into dorsal and ventral portions by a laminar extension of the putamen. Near the rostral pole of CN a small region of tightly packed, intensely stained neurons is interposed between CL and CM. Golgi preparations reveal that this intermediate subdivision (CI) of CN contains neurons similar to those of CM. The lateral subdivision, CLC, and CM correspond, in part, to subdivisions recognized in previous Nissl studies. The intermediate subdivision has not been recognized as a distinct subdivision in previous investigations. This is the first Golgi study to recognize differences in neuronal morphology in particular subdivisions of the rat CN. The correlation of Nissl and Golgi preparations has permitted a more accurate determination of the boundaries and total extent of each subdivision than the use of Nissl techniques alone.
Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulation (1986)

The effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TNS) of a constant alternating current administered at various frequencies and waveforms to volunteer human subjects were investigated. The TNS was found to evoke noncutaneous subjective sensations in all the subjects. Only with a sinusoid waveform of TNS were distinct frequency ranges of the stimulation associated with specific noncutaneous subjective sensations. Our findings suggest that nervous tissue is capable of discriminating the waveform parameters of an electrical stimulus.
Mutations of Tau Protein in Frontotemporal Dementia Promote Aggregation of Paired Helical Filaments by Enhancing Local β-Structure (2001)

The microtubule-associated protein tau is a natively unfolded protein in solution, yet it is able to polymerize into the ordered paired helical filaments (PHF) of Alzheimer's disease. In the splice isoforms lacking exon 10, this process is facilitated by the formation of beta-structure around the hexapeptide motif PHF6 ((306)VQIVYK(311)) encoded by exon 11. We have investigated the structural requirements for PHF polymerization in the context of adult tau isoforms containing four repeats (including exon 10). In addition to the PHF6 motif there exists a related PHF6* motif ((275)VQIINK(280)) in the repeat encoded by the alternatively spliced exon 10. We show that this PHF6* motif also promotes aggregation by the formation of beta-structure and that there is a cross-talk between the two hexapeptide motifs during PHF aggregation. We also show that two of the tau mutations found in hereditary frontotemporal dementias, DeltaK280 and P301L, have a much stronger tendency for PHF aggregation which correlates with their high propensity for beta-structure around the hexapeptide motifs.
Progress in retrodirective arrays for wireless communications (2004)

Summary form only given. In contrast to conventional beam steering in a phased-array antenna, a retrodirective antenna is self-steering, and does not require any externally controlled phase shifters. This feature has attracted recent interest for wireless and satellite communication applications. This paper reviews retrodirective antenna array research at the University of Hawaii (Ah Yo et al. (2000); Forsyth et al. (2002)). Applications include picosatellite crosslinks and a method for using multipath signals to enhance communications in severe multipath environments.
On the Macedo—Litovitz Hybrid Equation for Liquid Viscosity (1966)

The Macedo—Litovitz hybrid equation for the viscosity of liquids is derived using statistical-mechanical arguments. The formulation is based upon the assumption that diffusion in liquids is governed by (1) the presence of an adjacent free volume of certain size into which a molecule can jump and (2) the acquisition of sufficient energy by the diffusing molecule to escape from the force field of its neighbors.
Glucose‐limited chemostat culture of chinese hamster ovary cells producing recombinant human interferon‐γ (1992)

A Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line expressing recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was grown under glucose limitation in a chemostate at a constant dilution rate of 0.015 h(-1) with glucose feed concentrations of 2.75 mM and 4.25 mM. The changes in cell concentration that accompanied changes in the glucose feed concentration indicated that the cells were glucose-limited. The cell yield on glucose remained constant, but there was a decline in residual glucose concentration and a reduced lactate yield from glucose in the latter stages of the culture. The consumption rates for many of the essential amino acids were increased later in the culture. The volumetric rate of interferon-gamma production was maintained throughout the course of this culture, indicating that IFN-gamma expression was stable under these conditions. However, the specific rate of IFN-gamma production was significantly lower at the higher glucose feed concentration. Under glucose limitation, the proportion of fully glycosylated IFN-gamma produced by these cells was less than that produced in the early stages of batch cultures. The proportion of fully glycosylated IFN-gamma increased during transient periods of glucose excess, suggesting that the culture environment influences the glycosylation of IFN-gamma.
An investigation of deep neural networks for noise robust speech recognition (2013)

Recently, a new acoustic model based on deep neural networks (DNN) has been introduced. While the DNN has generated significant improvements over GMM-based systems on several tasks, there has been no evaluation of the robustness of such systems to environmental distortion. In this paper, we investigate the noise robustness of DNN-based acoustic models and find that they can match state-of-the-art performance on the Aurora 4 task without any explicit noise compensation. This performance can be further improved by incorporating information about the environment into DNN training using a new method called noise-aware training. When combined with the recently proposed dropout training technique, a 7.5% relative improvement over the previously best published result on this task is achieved using only a single decoding pass and no additional decoding complexity compared to a standard DNN.
Effects of Blood Collection Conditions on Ovarian Cancer Serum Markers (2007)

Biomarker validation studies should use standardized collection conditions, use multiple control groups, and/or collect samples from cases prior to influence of diagnosis whenever feasible to detect and correct for potential biases associated with sample collection.
Polarization in Retracing Circuits for WDM-PON (2012)

Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA)-based network-embedded self-tuning solutions for colorless optical network unit in wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network architecture suffer the device polarization-dependent gain (PDG). The Faraday-mirror-based topology proposed in the literature for low PDG RSOA is not suitable for high PDG RSOA. A polarization retracing circuit is proposed and discussed to comply with the high PDG RSOA. The polarization evolution is theoretically and experimentally analyzed in the presence of a high PDG RSOA comparing three cases: standard topology with standard mirror, the retracing circuit proposed in the literature with a Faraday rotator mirror (FRM), and the proposed retracing circuit, which includes both an FRM and a Faraday rotator.
Protein tolerance to standard and high protein meals in patients with liver cirrhosis (2017)

To investigate the plasma amino acid response and tolerance to normal or high protein meals in patients with cirrhosis.
Amelioration of photic injury in rat retina by ascorbic acid: a histopathologic study. (1985)

It has been postulated that ascorbic acid may help to protect the retina from oxidative insult by light. To confirm this hypothesis, the authors compared light-damaged retinas of rats with or without ascorbate supplement by morphologic and morphometric studies at different time periods after light exposure. No dramatic morphologic differences were observed in the photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelium complex between the two groups six hr after light exposure to 200 to 250-foot candles of visible light. Six to 13 days after 24 hr of exposure, the retina of rats that received ascorbate supplement showed significantly less severe damage than the retina of unsupplemented rats. The superior and temporal quadrants of the retina appeared to be most susceptible to the light damage when comparing rats with or without ascorbate supplement. These findings suggested that ascorbate ameliorates the photic injury in rat retina.
Electric Elves: What Went Wrong and Why. (2006)

Software personal assistants continue to be a topic of signif-icant research interest. This paper outlines some of the im-portant lessons learned from a successfully-deployed team of personal assistant agents (Electric Elves) in an office environ-ment. These lessons have important implications for similar on-going research projects. The Electric Elves project was a team of almost a dozen personal assistant agents which were continually active for seven months. Each elf (agent) represented one person and assisted in daily activities in an actual office environment. This project led to several important observations about pri-vacy, adjustable autonomy, and social norms in office envi-ronments. This paper outlines some of the key lessons learned and, more importantly, outlines our continued research to ad-dress some of the concerns raised.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases and Cell Division in Plants—The Nexus (1999)

Cell division is one of the most conspicuous features of life, and thus several elements of the control of cell division are common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes ([Amon, 1998][1]; [Leatherwood, 1998][2]). The degree of evolutionary conservation is especially striking among eukaryotes, where
Teach Yourself XML (1999)

From the Publisher:
Teach Yourself XML When you need on-the-spot answers  Teach Yourself! Learn fast with short, clear steps Find the answers you need easily Explore the Web for related topics
Plan and create a Web site using XMLCreate a document type definition (DTD) to structure the contents of an XML documentLearn to design tables, frames, and formsDevelop style sheets for formatting and enhancing XML documentsUpgrade your Web documents from HTML to XML
CD-ROM includes Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, V1.2, Adobe FrameMaker+SGML demo, DataChannel RIO 3.2 trial version, and XML Pro demo, plus many more cross-platform utilities
Author Biography: About the Authors Sandra E. Eddy specializes in writing both how-to and reference books about the Internet, Windows, and Windows applications. Until she became a full-time freelance writer in 1993, Ms. Eddy was a documentation manager and technical writer for a major software company. From 1984 to 1993, she wrote and edited user and technical manuals for both PC- and mainframe-based computer programs. Ms. Eddy is a senior member of the Society for Technical Communications. She is the author of the following books from IDG Books Worldwide: HTML in Plain English, XML in Plain English, and The GIF Animator's Guide. John E. Schnyder is a software trainer and technical writer. He has co-authored four other computer books.
Current Management of Arrhythmias (1991)

CONTENTS

I. BASIC CONCEPTS...1-11

II. DIAGNOSTIC TEHNIQUES...17-35

III. SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS...44-84

IV. PREEXCITATION SYNDROMES...91-123

V. VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS...130-221

VI. BRADYARRHYTHMIAS...225-236

VII. ARRHYTHMIAS IN SPECIFIC CLINICAL SITUATIONS...241-282

VIII. PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT...287-372

IX. NONPHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT...373-382

X. MANAGEMENT WITH ELECTRONIC DEVICES...392-417
Effects of culture conditions on expression of the ice nucleation phenotype of Pseudomonas syringae (1991)

Pseudomonas syringae 1105 was grown under a variety of culture conditions and the effects on ice nucleation determined. Growth in a defined medium, Koser citrate broth, resulted in a greater number of more active ice nuclei than growth in either of three complex media. The ice nucleation phenotype was not expressed uniformly during the growth cycle in broth culture. Instead a maximal level of ice nucleation was observed during the middle to exponential phase and the phenotype was not expressed in stationary phase. Cells grown on agar plates expressed the phenotype to a much greater extent than cells from broth cultures.
Massively parallel in vivo enhancer assay reveals that highly local features determine the cis -regulatory function of ChIP-seq peaks (2013)

Transcription factors (TFs) recognize short sequence motifs that are present in millions of copies in large eukaryotic genomes. TFsmust distinguish their target binding sites from a vast genomic excess of spurious motif occurrences; however, it is unclear whether functional sites are distinguished from nonfunctional motifs by local primary sequence features or by the larger genomic context in which motifs reside. We used a massively parallel enhancer assay in living mouse retinas to compare 1,300 sequences bound in the genome by the photoreceptor transcription factor Cone-rod homeobox (Crx), to 3,000 control sequences. We found that very short sequences bound in the genome by Crx activated transcription at high levels, whereas unbound genomic regions with equal numbers of Crx motifs did not activate above background levels, even when liberated from their larger genomic context. High local GC content strongly distinguishes bound motifs from unbound motifs across the entire genome. Our results show that the cis-regulatory potential of TF-bound DNA is determined largely by highly local sequence features and not by genomic context.
Some properties of RF sputtered hafnium nitride coatings (1982)

Hafnium nitride coatings were deposited by reactive RF sputtering from a hafnium target in nitrogen and argon gas mixtures. The rate of deposition, composition, electrical resistivity and complex index of refraction were investigated as a function of target substrate distance and the fraction nitrogen, (fN2) in the sputtering atmosphere. The relative composition of the coatings is independent on fN2 for values above 0.1. The electric resistivity of the hafnium nitride films changes over 8 orders of magnitude when fN2 changes from 0.10 to 0.85. The index of refraction is almost constant at 2.8(1-0.3i) up to fN2 = 0.40 then decreases to 2.1(1 - 0.01i) for higher values of fN2.
Two New Constituents from Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (2008)

Two new compounds, 6'-O-caffeoyl-p-hydroxyacetophenone-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(1) and 6-amino-9-[1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-9H-purine (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. The structures were established on the basis of spectral data.
Discovery of high affinity, pan-allelic, and pan-mammalian reactive antibodies against the myeloid checkpoint receptor SIRPα (2019)

Targeting the CD47-signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) pathway represents a novel therapeutic approach to enhance anti-cancer immunity by promoting both innate and adaptive immune responses. Unlike CD47, which is expressed ubiquitously, SIRPα expression is mainly restricted to myeloid cells and neurons. Therefore, compared to CD47-targeted therapies, targeting SIRPα may result in differential safety and efficacy profiles, potentially enabling lower effective doses and improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The development of effective SIRPα antagonists is restricted by polymorphisms within the CD47-binding domain of SIRPα, necessitating pan-allele reactive anti-SIRPα antibodies for therapeutic intervention in diverse patient populations. We immunized wild-type and human antibody transgenic chickens with a multi-allele and multi-species SIRPα regimen in order to discover pan-allelic and pan-mammalian reactive anti-SIRPα antibodies suitable for clinical translation. A total of 200 antibodies were isolated and screened for SIRPα reactivity from which approximately 70 antibodies with diverse SIRPα binding profiles, sequence families, and epitopes were selected for further characterization. A subset of anti-SIRPα antibodies bound to both human SIRPα v1 and v2 alleles with high affinity ranging from low nanomolar to picomolar, potently antagonized the CD47/SIRPα interaction, and potentiated macrophage-mediated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis <i>in vitro</i>. X-ray crystal structures of five anti-SIRPα antigen-binding fragments, each with unique epitopes, in complex with SIRPα (PDB codes 6NMV, 6NMU, 6NMT, 6NMS, and 6NMR) are reported. Furthermore, some of the anti-SIRPα antibodies cross-react with cynomolgus SIRPα and various mouse SIRPα alleles (BALB/c, NOD, BL/6), which can facilitate preclinical to clinical development. These properties provide an attractive rationale to advance the development of these anti-SIRPα antibodies as a novel therapy for advanced malignancies. <b>Abbreviations</b>: ADCC: antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; ADCP: antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis; CFSE: carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester; Fab: fragment antigen binding; Fc: fragment crystallizable; FcγR: Fcγ receptor; Ig: immunoglobulin; IND: investigational new drug; MDM⊘: monocyte-derived macrophage; NOD: non-obese diabetic; scFv: single chain fragment variable; SCID: severe combined immunodeficiency; SIRP: signal-regulatory protein.
Fast-SCNN: Fast Semantic Segmentation Network. (2019)

© 2019. The copyright of this document resides with its authors. The encoder-decoder framework is state-of-the-art for offline semantic image segmentation. Since the rise in autonomous systems, real-time computation is increasingly desirable. In this paper, we introduce fast segmentation convolutional neural network (Fast-SCNN), an above real-time semantic segmentation model on high resolution image data (1024×2048px) suited to efficient computation on embedded devices with low memory and power. We introduce a 'learning to downsample' module which computes low-level features for multiple resolution branches simultaneously. Our network combines spatial detail at high resolution with deep features extracted at lower resolution, yielding an accuracy of 68.0% mean intersection over union at 123.5 frames per second on full scale images of Cityscapes. We also show that large scale pre-training is unnecessary. We thoroughly validate our experiments with ImageNet pre-training and the coarse labeled data of Cityscapes. Finally, we show even faster computation with competitive results on subsampled inputs, without any network modifications.
Protocol: a fast and simple in situ PCR method for localising gene expression in plant tissue (2014)

The in situ PCR method presented here is highly sensitive and specific. It reliably identifies the cellular expression pattern of even highly homologous and low abundance transcripts within target tissues, and can be completed within two days of harvesting tissue. As such, it has considerable advantages over other methods, especially in terms of time and cost. We recommend its adoption as the standard laboratory technique of choice for demonstrating the cellular expression pattern of a gene of interest.
The Biology of Cachectin/TNF -- A Primary Mediator of the Host Response (1989)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Regulation of the Human Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Promoter by the Adenovirus E1A-Associated Protein p107 (1998)

The adenovirus E1A 243R oncoprotein is capable of transactivating the expression of the human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) promoter. Mutational analysis of the E1A 243R protein suggested that both its p300/CBP- and p107-binding regions are required for optimal induction of the PCNA promoter (C. Kannabiran, G. F. Morris, C. Labrie, and M. B. Mathews, J. Virol. 67:425-437, 1993). We show that overexpression of p107 antagonizes the induction of PCNA by E1A 243R in transient expression assays. This inhibition is largely independent of p107's ability to interact with E1A 243R, because p107 mutants unable to bind to E1A 243R retain the ability to repress the E1A-activated PCNA promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with the PCNA promoter detected the presence of p107 in one of the major DNA-protein complexes, EH1, formed with HeLa cell nuclear extracts. Promoter mutations that disrupt the formation of complex EH1 abrogated p107's ability to reverse E1A 243R-induced PCNA expression. The same mutations characterize a sequence important for the binding of transcription factor RFX1 (C. Labrie, G. F. Morris, and M. B. Mathews, Nucleic Acids Res. 23:3732-3741, 1995), implying that p107 antagonizes E1A 243R-induced PCNA expression through this RFX1-binding site. Our data are suggestive of a novel cooperative mechanism for transactivation of PCNA expression, in which E1A 243R relieves transcriptional repression exerted by p107 on the promoter.
An Improved Method for the Bromination of Metalated Haloarenes via Lithium, Zinc Transmetalation:  A Convenient Synthesis of 1,2-Dibromoarenes (2006)

A facile protocol for the synthesis of 1,2-dibromoarenes is described. A standard ortho-lithiation/bromination procedure, when applied to bromoarenes, resulted in poor yields of the corresponding 1,2-dibromoarenes (13-62% yield). However, transmetalation of the transient aryllithium intermediate to an arylzinc species with ZnCl2, followed by bromination, resulted in dramatically improved yields of the synthetically useful 1,2-dibromoarenes (68-95% yield).
Linear, redox modified DNA probes as electrochemical DNA sensors (2007)

We show here that hybridization-linked changes in the dynamics of a redox-modified, electrode-bound linear (as opposed to stem-loop) probe DNA produce large changes in Faradaic current, allowing for the ready detection of target oligonucleotides.
Tunable MEMS Actuated Microring Resonators (2007)

A simplified process has been developed to fabricate MEMS tunable microring resonators on six-inch silicon-on-insulator wafers. Deep UV lithography is used to create 220-nm-wide waveguides and microrings. The process is CMOS compatible. The transmission spectra change from a double resonance dip (under-coupling) to a broader single resonance dip (over-coupling) when the waveguide is moved closer to the microring. This is explained by coupled mode theory that includes the effect of backscattering in the microring.