gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maturation of Marginal Zone and Follicular B Cells Requires B Cell Activating Factor of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family and Is Independent of B Cell Maturation Antigen (2001)

B cells undergo a complex series of maturation and selection steps in the bone marrow and spleen during differentiation into mature immune effector cells. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member B cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) (BLyS/TALL-1) plays an important role in B cell homeostasis. BAFF and its close homologue a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) have both been shown to interact with at least two receptors, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), however their relative contribution in transducing BAFF signals in vivo remains unclear. To functionally inactivate both BAFF and APRIL, mice transgenic for a soluble form of TACI were generated. They display a developmental block of B cell maturation in the periphery, leading to a severe depletion of marginal zone and follicular B2 B cells, but not of peritoneal B1 B cells. In contrast, mice transgenic for a soluble form of BCMA, which binds APRIL, have no detectable B cell phenotype. This demonstrates a crucial role for BAFF in B cell maturation and strongly suggests that it signals via a BCMA-independent pathway and in an APRIL-dispensable way.
Changes in Heart Size in the Dyspnoeic Newborn Baby (1959)

In a previous paper Changes in heart size are considered in the present paper, and an explanation is offered of the similarities in symptomatolpgy and necropsy findings between the full-term baby who has suffered asphyxia at birth and the premature baby. Particular importance is attached to the association between murmur, breathlessness, and cardiac enlargement.
Adult Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Extend Neurites on Predegenerated But Not on Normal Peripheral Nerves In Vitro (1992)

The abilities of embryonic and adult rat sensory neurons to regenerate were compared when cultured on cryostat sections of normal and lesioned sciatic nerve tissues. Differences in neurite growth, visualized by GAP-43 immunolabelling, were most pronounced on substrata consisting of longitudinal sections of normal versus predegenerated sciatic nerve. Adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons grew only on the lesioned nerves. Neurites extended along these sections in a characteristically longitudinal orientation, and this growth was not dependent on nerve growth factor. Embryonic DRG neurons extended neurites on sections from both types of nerves. These results highlight important differences in the regenerative abilities of embryonic and adult DRG neurons when grown on physiologically appropriate substrata.
[Study of the heterogenetic antigens in vaccinal preparations of V. cholerae]. (1976)

There proved to be a serological similarity between the antigens of the human small intestine, the stomach and the liver, and the antigens of various cholera vibrio fractions. No antigenic similarity was revealed in examination of the heart and kidney. Heterogenous antigen was found not only in the somatic V. cholerae antigen, strain 569 (B), but also in the cholerogen-toxoid obtained from it. At present it is the most widespread prophylactic preparation.
iNOS is a mediator of the heat stress-induced preconditioning against myocardial infarction in vivo in the rat (2003)

These results suggest an involvement of iNOS as a mediator of the protection conferred by heat stress against myocardial ischaemia.
Bioassay for Thrombopoietin Utilizing Mice in Rebound Thrombocytosis (1973)

A bioassay for the detection of the thrombopoietic stimulating factor (TSF or thrombopoietin) that utilizes thrombo–cythemic mice has been presented. A single injection of anti–mouse platelet serum (AMPS) to mice produced a characteristic thrombocytopenia that was followed by rebound thrombocytosis. Two to three days later (7–8 days after the AMPS injection), a significantly (p < 0.05) depressed thrombo–poiesis existed in response to the thrombocytosis. Normal and thrombocythemic mice were injected with normal sheep sera or sera from platelet–depleted sheep and Na235SO4 incorporation into platelets was measured. A greater difference in 35S uptake existed between AMPS–treated control mice (mice injected with normal sheep serum) and AMPS–treated stimulated mice (mice injected with serum from platelet–depleted sheep) than in normal mice treated with the same sera. Also, TSF in sheep sera was shown to lose activity after storage at −20°.
Autonomous stochastic resonance in bursting neurons (1997)

Noise-induced firing is studied in two major classes of bursting neuron models in the absence of periodic input. In the biologically relevant subthreshold regime where no deterministic firing occurs, additive noise induces spiking limit cycles. This noise makes the output firing patterns sensitive to the characteristics of autonomous subthreshold oscillations, which can change in response to various physicochemical stimuli. The nonmonotonic behavior with increasing noise of the phase locking between spikes and subthreshold oscillations, measured using spectral signal-to-noise ratios and line shape characteristics, are a manifestation of autonomous stochastic resonance in these systems. The type of bifurcation giving rise to bursting activity determines the behavior with noise of the mean firing frequency, interspike interval histogram, spike train power spectrum, and phase locking. In particular, it is shown that a saddle-node bifurcation is not required to see stochastic resonance (SR) without periodic input when there exists a stable deterministic subthreshold oscillation. This paper also studies SR in a detailed ionic neuron model, an approach that leads to tests of hypotheses regarding the nature of noise in real neurons.
Consequence of dose scheduling of sunitinib on host immune response elements and vaccine combination therapy (2011)

Our study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of sunitinib to rationally design combinational platforms with immunotherapies for the treatment of solid tumors. Using a mouse model, we studied the effects of sunitinib given for 4 weeks at concentrations comparable to 37.5-50 mg/day in humans, followed by 2 weeks off the drug (sunitinib 4/2). We assessed the effect of differently timed combinations of sunitinib and a poxvirus-based vaccine encoding carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plus 3 costimulatory molecules on immune responses in CEA-transgenic (CEA-Tg) mice. Antitumor studies were performed in CEA-Tg mice bearing CEA-transfected MC38 murine colon carcinomas (MC38-CEA), treated either concurrently or sequentially with sunitinib and vaccine. In vitro, sunitinib inhibited PDGFR phosphorylation on MC38-CEA cells at concentrations similar to those biologically available during human treatment. In vivo, one cycle of sunitinib 4/2 caused bimodal immune effects: (a) decreased regulatory cells during the 4 weeks of treatment and (b) an immune-suppression rebound during the 2 weeks of treatment interruption. In a model using CEA-Tg mice bearing CEA(+) tumors, continuous sunitinib followed by vaccine increased intratumoral infiltration of antigen-specific T lymphocytes, decreased immunosuppressant T regulatory cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, reduced tumor volumes and increased survival. The immunomodulatory activity of continuous sunitinib administration can create a more immune-permissive environment. In combination with immunotherapies, sunitinib treatment should precede vaccine, to precondition the immune system, to maximize the response to vaccine-mediated immune enhancement.
The rat fibrinogen genes. Linkage of the A alpha and gamma chain genes. (1983)

We have utilized cDNA probes for the alpha, beta, and gamma chains of rat fibrinogen to isolate the corresponding genes from two rat genomic libraries constructed in bacteriophage Charon 4A. There is a single copy of each gene. Mapping of greater than 92 kilobase pairs of rat genomic DNA has shown that the gamma and alpha chain genes are directly linked in a 5'-3' direction in vivo.
Mogamulizumab for the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (2014)

Abstract: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell lymphoma caused by latent infection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. The outcome for ATLL is very poor, with a 3-year overall survival of approximately 24% with conventional chemotherapy; thus, there is an unmet need for developing new treatment options. Defucosylated humanized anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antibody (KW-0761, mogamulizumab) has been clinically available for the treatment of relapsed or refractory ATLL in Japan since 2012, and a Phase II study of mogamulizumab for patients with relapsed CCR4+ ATLL demonstrated a 50% objective response, a 30.8% complete response, and an acceptable safety profile. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used to treat patients with ATLL, and mogamulizumab in combination with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used successfully in a limited number of patients to treat refractory or relapsed ATLL. The efficacy of combining mogamulizumab with standard chemotherapy (mLSG15) for patients with ATLL has also been examined, and the results have shown higher rates of complete response with the combined therapy (52%) compared with for chemotherapy alone (33%). Mogamulizumab also has potential application in the treatment of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical paraparesis, Epstein–Barr virus-associated T-cell and natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative diseases, and peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Possible adverse events of mogamulizumab have been reported, such as cutaneous adverse reactions (including Stevens–Johnson syndrome), diffuse panbronchiolitis, reactivation of hepatitis B, and opportunistic infections. The treatment outcome of patients with ATLL might be improved by further optimizing the use of mogamulizumab and managing severe adverse events. In this review, we provide an overview of the current treatment options for patients with ATLL and a focused review on the use, application, and adverse events associated with mogamulizumab. Keywords: ATLL, anti-CCR4 antibody, defucosylated antibody, cutaneous adverse reaction
New Class of Anti-HIV Drugs (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reduction in levels of deoxynivalenol in contaminated corn by chemical and physical treatment (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction in levels of deoxynivalenol in contaminated corn by chemical and physical treatmentJ. Christopher YoungCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 3, 465–467Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00069a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00069a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views318Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Signaling the Unfolded Protein Response (2007)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the cellular site of newly synthesized secretory and membrane proteins. Such proteins must be properly folded and posttranslationally modified before exit from the organelle. Proper protein folding and modification requires molecular chaperone proteins as well as an ER environment conducive for these reactions. When ER lumenal conditions are altered or chaperone capacity is overwhelmed, the cell activates signaling cascades that attempt to deal with the altered conditions and restore a favorable folding environment. Such alterations are referred to as ER stress, and the response activated is the unfolded protein response (UPR). When the UPR is perturbed or not sufficient to deal with the stress conditions, apoptotic cell death is initiated. This review will examine UPR signaling that results in cell protective responses, as well as the mechanisms leading to apoptosis induction, which can lead to pathological states due to chronic ER stress.
Differential Splicing of Pre‐Messenger RNA Produces Multiple Forms of Mature Caprine αs1‐Casein (1997)

The identity of multiple forms of caprine alpha(s1)-casein in variants A, B, and C has been determined by structural characterisation using mass spectrometry, automated Edman degradation and peptide mapping. Mature goat alpha(s1)-casein exists as a mixture of at least four molecular species which differ in peptide chain length. The main component corresponds to the 199-residues form already described. The other three, in lesser amounts, were shorter forms of alpha(s1)-casein and differed for the deleted peptides 141-148, as shown previously for ovine alpha(s1)-casein, peptide 110-117, or Gln78. Analysis of alpha(s1)-casein mRNA from milk somatic cells demonstrated that these forms originated from skipping events at the level of exon 13 (codifying for peptide 110-117) and 16 (codifying for peptide 141-148) and from the presence of a cryptic splice site within exon 11 (whose first CAG triplet encodes Gln78) during primary transcript processing. The finding of these splicing abnormalities in the three common variants A, B, and C suggests that this is a general feature of alpha(s1)-casein in goat. A further source of heterogeneity of caprine alpha(s1)-casein was identified in the discrete phosphorylation of seryl residues. Eight serine residues (at positions 44, 46, 64 to 68 and 75) are fully phosphorylated (except in variant A because of the replacement Glu77-->Gln which prevents phosphorylation of Ser75). Conversely, Ser115 and Ser41 are phosphorylated only to about 50% and 20%, respectively. Ser12, although located in a consensus triplet, is never phosphorylated, similarly to the ovine alpha(s1)-casein variants. These results confirm that there are stabilised mechanisms of simultaneous synthesis of alpha(s1)-casein at different length and of post-translational modification in both caprine and ovine species.
Identification of a cytoplasmic membrane-associated component of the maltose transport system of Escherichia coli. (1980)

The maltose transport system of Escherichia coli contains at least five components, three of which, i.e. the products of lamB, malE, and malF genes, have so far been identified as constituents of the outer membrane, periplasmic space, and cytoplasmic membrane, respectively. We identified another component, a cytoplasmic membrane protein of an apparent molecular weight of 43,000, as the product of the malK gene on the basis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of various mutants and suppressed strains and by the incorporation of extra tyrosine residue into this proten in malK amber mutants containing the suppressor Su3+ allele. The transport of maltose thus appears to require at least two proteins associated with the cytoplasmic membrane.
Gemini surfactants (1998)

Abstract The literature, including patents, describing the emerging area of gemini surfactants is reviewed. The differences in structure/property relationships between gemini and comparable conventional surfactants are described and discussed in terms of their predicted performance properties. Supportive performance data are enumerated.
Functional-Group Specific Aptamers Indirectly Recognizing Compounds with Alkyl Amino Group (2012)

Aptamers are usually generated against a specific molecule. Their high selectivity makes them only suitable for studying specific targets. Since it is nearly impossible to generate aptamers for every molecule, it can be of great interest to select aptamers recognizing a common feature of a group of molecules in many applications. In this paper, we describe the selection of aptamers for indirect recognition of alkyl amino groups. Because amino groups are small and positive charged, we introduced a protection group, p-nitrobenzene sulfonyl (p-nosyl) to convert them into a form suitable for aptamer selection. Taking N(ε)-p-nosyl-L-lysine (PSL) as a target, we obtained a group of aptamers using the SELEX technique. Two optimized aptamers, M6b-M14 and M13a exhibit strong affinity to PSL with the K(d) values in the range of 2-5 μM. They also show strong affinity to other compounds containing p-nosyl-protected amino groups except those also possessing an α-carboxyl group. Both aptamers adopt an antiparallel G-quadruplex structure when binding to targets. An aptamer beacon based on M6b-M14 showed good selectivity toward the reaction mixture of p-nosyl-Cl and alkyl amino compounds, and could recognize lysine from amino acid mixtures indirectly, suggesting that aptamers against a common moiety of a certain type of molecules can potentially lead to many new applications. Through this study, we have demonstrated the ability to select aptamers for a specific part of an organic compound, and the chemical conversion approach may prove to be valuable for aptamer selection against molecules that are generally difficult for SELEX.
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mediates lymphocyte adherence to cytokine-activated cultured human endothelial cells [published erratum appears in Blood 1990 Dec 1;76(11):2420] (1990)

The expression and function of a new cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion protein, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), was characterized in vitro by using a monoclonal antibody, MoAb 4B9, which recognizes a functional epitope on this protein. As determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled cells, VCAM-1 was minimally expressed on unstimulated human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVE), but was rapidly induced by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-alpha), rh interleukin-1, and lipopolysaccharide. In contrast to intercellular adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1 was not induced on dermal fibroblasts or arterial smooth muscle cells after stimulation with rhTNF, or on keratinocytes after stimulation with rh interferon-gamma. MoAb 4B9 significantly inhibited the adherence of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymphocytic cell lines, but not neutrophils, to rhTNF- activated HUVE. The inhibitory effect of MoAb 4B9 on PBL adherence to HUVE was additive to that produced by the CD18 MoAb 60.3. These results show that VCAM-1 mediates a CD18-independent pathway of peripheral blood lymphocyte adherence to cytokine-stimulated HUVE. We propose that lymphocyte binding to VCAM-1, induced on endothelium by cytokines, may be an important component of lymphocyte emigration at sites of inflammation or immune reaction.
Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Establishment and Characterization of New Permanent Cell Lines (1981)

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common of human cancers, and yet because it is poorly represented by cultured cell lines, little is known about the characteristic cell biology and the cell-surface antigenic phenotypes of such tumors. To develop a continuously available source of squamous cell carcinoma for repeated and reproducible serologic analysis and for better understanding of its biologic characteristics, tissue culture methods and nude mice were used to establish new cell lines of squamous carcinoma. Special media, serum supplements from several sources, and methods of handling fresh tissue specimens were all examined as a means of improving the survival of tumor cell lines. Several new cell lines were established. Features characteristic of a squamous cell origin, eg, microvilli, desmosomes, tonofilaments, and the squamous cell differentiation antigen (pemphigus antigen), were found. The clinical course of disease in individual donor patients has been examined.
Ultrastructural, cell membrane, and cytogenetic characteristics of B-cell leukemia, a murine model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (1981)

A murine model of a spontaneous, transplantable BALB/c B-cell leukemia (BCL1) is described. Extreme leukemia and splenomegaly develop in H-2d-compatible recipients of tumor cells. Tumor cells are medium to large lymphocytes that can be transformed into plasmacytoid cells following in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. Karyotypic analysis of transformed tumor cells reveals 36 chromosomes with several monosomies and 7 markers chromosomes. The ultrastructure of the tumor cells was studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Although the appearance of tumor cells seems normal by morphological criteria, an impaired capping ability was documented using the fluorescein-conjugated concanavalin A-binding test. Impaired capping ability was documented before leukemia was overt as early as 1 to 3 days following inoculation of tumor cells. The B-cell leukemia (BCL1) provides a useful murine model for the study of various aspects of human bone marrow-derived malignant disorders.
Taxanes and other microtubule stabilising agents (1998)

Paclitaxel (Taxol®) and docetaxel (Taxotere®) are relatively new drugs used in cancer therapy and have shown great promise in the treatment of a variety of cancers. The taxane therapy, however, encounters two major problems. One problem is the low solubility of both paclitaxel and docetaxel; the second problem is multi-drug resistance. In the patent literature from 1995 - 1997 these two problems have been the main focus of research in the taxane field. Numerous taxoids have been disclosed with improved solubility, mainly by acylation of the C-2′ and C-7 hydroxyls. To reduce the multi-drug resistance susceptibility of the drugs, alterations on the taxane core and the phenylisoserine ring have been made. The patent literature also reports the discovery of new classes of compounds (epothilones, discodermolides, eleutherobins and sarcodictyins) that are structurally dissimilar from taxanes but have microtubule stabilisation activity and are potent inhibitors of cancer cells and paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells.