gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Photoactivated Protecting Groups. 7.p-Hydroxyphenacyl:  A Phototrigger for Excitatory Amino Acids and Peptides1 (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNew Photoactivated Protecting Groups. 7. p-Hydroxyphenacyl: A Phototrigger for Excitatory Amino Acids and Peptides1Richard S. Givens, Andreas Jung, Chan-Ho Park, Jörg Weber, and Wenzel BartlettView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 35, 8369–8370Publication Date (Web):September 3, 1997Publication History Received28 April 1997Published online3 September 1997Published inissue 1 September 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja971331nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja971331nrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1423Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Monomers,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins,Phosphates Get e-Alerts
Taking email to task (2003)

Email has come to play a central role in task management, yet email tool features have remained relatively static in recent years, lagging behind users? evolving practices. The Taskmaster system narrows this gap by recasting email as task management and embedding task-centric resources directly in the client. In this paper, we describe the field research that inspired Taskmaster and the principles behind its design. We then describe how user studies conducted with ?live? email data over a two-week period revealed the value of a task-centric approach to email system design and its potential benefits for overloaded users.
Interferon in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (2001)

The efficacy of interferon on exacerbations and disease progression in patients with relapsing remitting MS was modest after one and two years of treatment. It was not possible to conduct a quantitative analysis beyond two years. Longer follow-up and more uniform reporting of clinical and MRI outcomes among these trials might have allowed for a more convincing conclusion.
Reaction between 2,2′-anhydro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil and thiolate ions (1982)

2,2′-Anhydro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil [2,2′-anhydrouridine](1a) reacts with the conjugate bases of thiophenol, toluene-4-thiol, ethanethiol, propane-1-thiol, 2-methylpropane-2-thiol and 4-methoxyphenylmethanethiol to give good to high yields of the corresponding 2′-deoxy-2′-mercaptouridine derivatives (2a; R2= Ph, 4-MeC6H4, Et, Pr, But, and 4-MeOC6H4CH2, respectively).
Pitting Corrosion of 18Cr-8Ni Stainless Steel (1956)

I . Factors controlling pitting corrosion and laboratory methods used for its study are reviewed. An electrolytically accelerated test was developed for investigation of pit initiation. A controlled direct current was passed through a cell whose anode was the stainless steel specimen and whose electrolyte was the pitting solution. The number of pits formed depended on the current density, the steel specimen (composition and surface treatment), and the solution (composition and temperature).
Dual Activation in the Esterification of Hindered Alcohols with Anhydrides Using MgBr2 and a Tertiary Amine (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTDual Activation in the Esterification of Hindered Alcohols with Anhydrides Using MgBr2 and a Tertiary AmineEdwin Vedejs and Olafs DaugulisView Author Information Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 17, 5702–5703Publication Date (Web):August 23, 1996Publication History Received22 May 1996Published online23 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9609485https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9609485rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3163Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Amines,Anions,Organic compounds,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
The 2‐His‐1‐Carboxylate Facial Triad — An Emerging Structural Motif in Mononuclear Non‐Heme Iron(II) Enzymes (1997)

A 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad is a common feature of the active sites in a number of mononuclear non-heme iron(II) enzymes. This structural motif was established crystallographically for five different classes of enzymes and inferred from sequence similarity for two other classes. The 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad anchors the iron in the active site and at the same time maintains three additional cis-oriented sites. These sites can be used to bind other endogenous ligands or exogenous ligands such as substrate and/or O2, giving the metal center great flexibility to use different mechanistic strategies to perform a variety of chemical transformations.
The relationship between the Self-Efficacy of adolescent in chronic stage of viral myocarditis with family education methods and family environment (2009)

Objective To investigate the relationship between the Self-Efficacy of adolescent in chronic stage of viral myocarditis with family education methods and family environment.Methods To evaluate the 115 adolescent in chronic stage of viral myocarditis with the general self-efficacy scale(GSES),divided into low selfefficacy groups(＜20 score)and high self-efficacy groups(≥20 scorse).To Compared the scorses of the Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)and the Chinese Version of a Family Environment Scale(FES-CV),and then made correlation analysis.Result The GSES average score of the 115 cases was 22.36±4.28,the boys average score were 25.37±5.12 and the girls average score were 21.15±3.07.there was a significant difference(P＜0.01).The scorses of high GSES group's parent's emotional warmth and understanding factor and preference test factor were significantly higher than the low GSES group(P＜0.01);and the scorses of hiigh GSES group's parent's severely punish factor and the over-interference factor were significantly lower than the low GSES group(P＜0.05);In the high self-efficacy group,the scorses of the FES-CV of intimacy,emotional expression,independence,success,culture,entertainment,organization factor were significantly higher than the low GSES group(P＜0.05);and the scores of contradictory factor was significantly higher than the low GSES group(P＜0.01).Correlation analysis showed that the self-efficacy was positively correlated with their parent's emotional warmth and understanding,the preferred test factors and wss significant negatively correlated with their parent's severely punished,over-interference,over-protection and refuse deny(the father)factors(P＜0.05).Chronic viral myocarditis youth's self-efficacy was positively correlated with the intimacy,emotional expression,independence,success,organization,control factor of FES-CV and was negatively correlated with the contradictory factor.Conclusion The self-efficacy of boys were higher than girls.the high GSES group's parents had more positive education ways and the fafmily environment is more intimate and harmonious.

Key words: 
Viral myocarditis; Chronic phase; Adolescent; Self-efficacy
Biochemical and Cellular Effects of Roscovitine, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of the Cyclin‐Dependent Kinases cdc2, cdk2 and cdk5 (1997)

Cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk) play an essential role in the intracellular control of the cell division cycle (cdc). These kinases and their regulators are frequently deregulated in human tumours. Enzymatic screening has recently led to the discovery of specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, such as butyrolactone I, flavopiridol and the purine olomoucine. Among a series of C2, N6, N9-substituted adenines tested on purified cdc2/cyclin B, 2-(1-ethyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-benzylamino-9-isopropylpurine (roscovitine) displays high efficiency and high selectivity towards some cyclin-dependent kinases. The kinase specificity of roscovitine was investigated with 25 highly purified kinases (including protein kinase A, G and C isoforms, myosin light-chain kinase, casein kinase 2, insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, c-src, v-abl). Most kinases are not significantly inhibited by roscovitine. cdc2/cyclin B, cdk2/cyclin A, cdk2/cyclin E and cdk5/p35 only are substantially inhibited (IC50 values of 0.65, 0.7, 0.7 and 0.2 microM, respectively). cdk4/cyclin D1 and cdk6/cyclin D2 are very poorly inhibited by roscovitine (IC50 > 100 microM). Extracellular regulated kinases erk1 and erk2 are inhibited with an IC50 of 34 microM and 14 microM, respectively. Roscovitine reversibly arrests starfish oocytes and sea urchin embryos in late prophase. Roscovitine inhibits in vitro M-phase-promoting factor activity and in vitro DNA synthesis in Xenopus egg extracts. It blocks progesterone-induced oocyte maturation of Xenopus oocytes and in vivo phosphorylation of the elongation factor eEF-1. Roscovitine inhibits the proliferation of mammalian cell lines with an average IC50 of 16 microM. In the presence of roscovitine L1210 cells arrest in G1 and accumulate in G2. In vivo phosphorylation of vimentin on Ser55 by cdc2/cyclin B is inhibited by roscovitine. Through its unique selectivity for some cyclin-dependent kinases, roscovitine provides a useful antimitotic reagent for cell cycle studies and may prove interesting to control cells with deregulated cdc2, cdk2 or cdk5 kinase activities.
Low-temperature plasma treatment induces DNA damage leading to necrotic cell death in primary prostate epithelial cells (2015)

This study demonstrates that LTP treatment causes cytotoxic insult in primary prostate cells, leading to rapid necrotic cell death. It also highlights the need to study primary cultures in order to gain more realistic insight into patient response.
Deep sequencing analysis of mutations resulting from the incorporation of dNTP analogs (2010)

Next-generation DNA sequencing technology was used to score >100,000 mutations resulting from exposure of a nucleic acid template to a mutagenic dNTP analog during a single pass of a DNA polymerase. An RNA template of known secondary structure was reverse transcribed in the presence of 8-oxo-dGTP, dPTP or both, followed by forward transcription in the presence of standard NTPs. Each mutagen, whether used alone or in combination, resulted in a highly characteristic mutation profile. Mutations were generated at a mean frequency of 1-2% per eligible nucleotide position, but there was substantial variation in the frequency of mutation at different positions, with a SD close to the mean. This variation was partly due to the identity of the immediately surrounding nucleotides and was not significantly influenced by the secondary structure of the RNA template. Most of the variation appears to result from idiosyncratic features that derive from local sequence context, demonstrating how different genetic sequences have different chemical phenotypes.
Advances in immunotherapy for melanoma (2016)

In recent years, the introduction and Federal Drug Administration approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies has dramatically improved the clinical outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. These antagonist monoclonal antibodies are capable of unleashing dormant or exhausted antitumor immunity, which has led to durable complete and partial responses in a large number of patients. Ipilimumab targets the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) receptor. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptors and have proven to be superior to ipilimumab alone. The combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab has yielded higher response rates, greater tumor shrinkage, and longer progression-free survival than either monotherapy alone. As other promising immunotherapies for melanoma proceed through clinical trials, future goals include defining the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as adjuvant therapy, identifying optimal combination strategies, and developing reliable predictive biomarkers to guide treatment selection for individual patients.
Prevalence and Correlates of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection Among Female US Federal Prison Inmates (2010)

Although not as high as in other studies of women entering US jails and state prisons, our observed T. vaginalis prevalence of 8.5% was much higher than in the general US population. Therefore, screening for T. vaginalis infection may be warranted at federal prison entry, as well as sexual health education during prison stay.
Calibration of Pore Volume in Adsorption Experiments and Theoretical Models (1997)

We propose a new definition of excess adsorption for use in molecular models of adsorption. This definition implies the calibration of theoretical models in a manner mimicking the experimental calibration procedure. The method of theoretical calibration is developed on the example of helium calibration. The notions of the He calibrated pore volume and the He calibrated pore size are introduced, and the He calibrated theoretical excess isotherms are defined. The proposed method diminishes the discrepancies between the theoretical and the experimental excess adsorption isotherms and makes the theory and the experiment entirely consistent. The quantitative estimates are made by means of the nonlocal density functional theory (NLDFT) applied to the adsorption of He, N2, and CH4 in micropores of active carbons at liquid nitrogen and ambient temperatures. It is shown that the experimental He calibration affects significantly the excess isotherms of vapors and supercritical fluids in microporous carbons. The nonmonotonous excess isotherms in molecular size pores are predicted. The theoretical predictions of He adsorption are in qualitative agreement with the experimental isotherm measured on the BPL active carbon at 77 K. The theoretical calibration is recommended for adjustment of any molecular model of adsorption phenomena, such as density functional theory, molecular dynamics, and grand canonical and other Monte Carlo simulations.
Automatic accent identification using Gaussian mixture models (2005)

It is well known that speaker variability caused by accent is an important factor io speech recognition. Some major accents in China are so different as to make this problem very severe. We propose a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) based Mandarin accent identitication method. In this method a number of GMMs are trained to identify the most likely accent given test utterances. The identified accent type can be used to select an accent-dependent model for speech recognition. A multi-accent Mandarin corpus was developed for the task, including 4 typical accents in China with 1,440 speakers (l,200 for training, 240 for testing). We explore experimentally the effect of the number of components in GMM on identification performance. We also investigate how many utterances per speaker are sufficient to reliably recognize his/her accent. Finally, we show the correlations among accents and provide some discussion.
ORB: An efficient alternative to SIFT or SURF (2011)

Feature matching is at the base of many computer vision problems, such as object recognition or structure from motion. Current methods rely on costly descriptors for detection and matching. In this paper, we propose a very fast binary descriptor based on BRIEF, called ORB, which is rotation invariant and resistant to noise. We demonstrate through experiments how ORB is at two orders of magnitude faster than SIFT, while performing as well in many situations. The efficiency is tested on several real-world applications, including object detection and patch-tracking on a smart phone.
The detection of circulating breast cancer cells in blood (2004)

At present, sampling of the lymph nodes or bone marrow for the detection of regions of metastatic disease in patients with breast cancer can only be undertaken at the time of initial diagnosis and surgery. However, the sampling of these tissues and the methods used are inaccurate, time consuming, and cannot be used for easy routine screening to determine disease recurrence and response to treatment. Because of the problems encountered with current methods and tissues sampled at the time of breast cancer diagnosis, this review discusses the urgent requirement for and potential development of a quick, simple, and accurate diagnostic test utilising the haematogenous system, a source of circulating tumour cells in patients with breast cancer, and highly sensitive molecular biological techniques, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, this review also highlights potential problems that may be encountered and should be avoided when devising such a test.
Medium/High Throughput D-Amino Acid Oxidase Colorimetric Method for Determination of D-Amino Acids. Application for Amino Acid Racemases (2010)

Free amino acids detection and quantification in samples still calls for elaborated, powerful and usually high cost and sometimes time-consuming technologies such as gas chromatography, HPLC or highly selective and sensitive column-switching techniques. Here, we undertook to develop a simple, one-step, microtiter plate method to detect and/or quantify most D-amino acids in solutions based on the enzyme D-amino acid oxidase and the generation of stoechiometric amounts of hydrogen peroxide. Inclusion of horseradish peroxidase and OPD allows the determination of D-amino acid concentration through the absorbance of the reaction products as compared to serial dilutions of equimolar amounts of L/D amino acid standards. The methodology is easily adapted for a medium/high throughput analysis of amino acid racemase activities.
The hammerhead ribozyme (2002)

The hammerhead ribozyme is a small RNA motif consisting of three helices that intersect at a conserved core. When correctly folded, the hammerhead ribozyme stimulates nearly complete cleavage of the phosphodiester chain at a defined internal site to give 2',3'-cyclic and 5'-hydroxy termini. The cleavage rate is approx. 1 min(-1) at 25 degrees C, pH 7.5, and increases proportionally with hydroxide ion concentration between pH 5 and pH 9. As the rate of non-catalysed cleavage of RNA to form the same products is approx. 10(-6) min(-1) under similar conditions, an important goal is to understand how the folded structure of this small ribozyme increases the rate of alkaline cleavage 10(6)-fold at this specific site.
A complete parameterization of all positive rational extensions of a covariance sequence (1995)

In this paper we formalize the observation that filtering and interpolation induce complementary, or "dual," decompositions of the space of positive real rational functions of degree less than or equal to n. From this basic result about the geometry of the space of positive real functions, we are able to deduce two complementary sets of conclusions about positive rational extensions of a given partial covariance sequence. On the one hand, by viewing a certain fast filtering algorithm as a nonlinear dynamical system defined on this space, we are able to develop estimates on the asymptotic behavior of the Schur parameters (1918) of positive rational extensions. On the other hand we are also able to provide a characterization of all positive rational extensions of a given partial covariance sequence. Indeed, motivated by its application to signal processing, speech processing, and stochastic realization theory, this characterization is in terms of a complete parameterization using familiar objects from systems theory and proves a conjecture made by Georgiou (1983, 1987). Our basic result, however, also enables us to analyze the robustness of this parameterization with respect to variations in the problem data. The methodology employed is a combination of complex analysis, geometry, linear systems, and nonlinear dynamics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Phorigami: Visualization of Digital Photo Collections by Origami Arts (2012)

Abstract. Issues about navigation of large photo collections have been studied for years. Associated interfaces tend to provide a single usage to deal with all kinds of photos and an integrated interface is rarely addressed. As the everyman photo collection consists of photos of various contexts, we advocate browsing different types of photos by different interaction techniques and presentation models. We present Phorigami, a photo browser based on proposed metacategorization to enable searching by browsing. We describe the mapping between the six categories and the origami arts in terms of examining paper models with different levels of folding and the potential benefits for end-user experience is discussed in the end.
P53 toxicity is a hurdle to CRISPR/CAS9 screening and engineering in human pluripotent stem cells (2017)

SUMMARY CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized our ability to engineer genomes and to conduct genome-wide screens in human cells. While some cell types are easily modified with Cas9, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) poorly tolerate Cas9 and are difficult to engineer. Using a stable Cas9 cell line or transient delivery of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) we achieved an average insertion or deletion efficiency greater than 80%. This high efficiency made it apparent that double strand breaks (DSBs) induced by Cas9 are toxic and kill most treated hPSCs. Cas9 toxicity creates an obstacle to the high-throughput use CRISPR/Cas9 for genome-engineering and screening in hPSCs. We demonstrated the toxic response is tp53 -dependent and the toxic effect of tp53 severely reduces the efficiency of precise genome-engineering in hPSCs. Our results highlight that CRISPR-based therapies derived from hPSCs should proceed with caution. Following engineering, it is critical to monitor for tp53 function, especially in hPSCs which spontaneously acquire tp53 mutations.