gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil ofSyzygium densiflorumWall. ex Wt. & Arn.- A Vulnerable Tree Species (2012)

Abstract Syzygium densiflorum is a tree species categorized as a vulnerable species in the IUCN red list of threatened species. Fresh leaf samples of S. densiflorum were collected from a wild tree and essential oil fraction was extracted by hydrodistillation process and the compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis. A total of 84 compounds were identified among which β-maaliene (17.43 %), isoledene (12.46 %), α-gurjunene (10.44 %), β-elemene (9.9 %) and β-vatirenene (8.50 %) were major constituents. Key words: MyrtaceaeSyzygium densiflorumβ-maalieneisoledeneα-gurjunene
Fast motion estimation algorithm based on spatio-temporal correlation and direction of motion vectors (2006)

Suggested is a simple scheme that includes spatio-temporal neighbourhood information for obtaining better estimates of motion vectors. The estimated motion vector is chosen as initial search centre which is found closer to the global minimum. The final search pattern is adaptive and is based on the direction of the predicted motion vector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm enhances the accuracy of the predicted image and reduces the computational requirement compared to other approaches.
Localization Studies of Bioactive Cyclic Peptides in the Ascidian Lissoclinum patella (2002)

A Palauan specimen of the ascidian Lissoclinum patella contained the cyclic peptides patellamides A-C. In contrast to previous reports concerning the location of cyclic peptides in L. patella and L. bistratum, it has been demonstrated that these cyclic peptides were not located in the symbiotic cyanobacterium Prochloron sp. but were instead distributed throughout the ascidian tunic. The relevance of these results with respect to the biosynthetic origins of the patellamides is discussed.
<title>Stable ultranarrow bandpass filters</title> (1994)

A large format ultra-narrow bandpass filter for use in the visible through near IR which has improved transmission and environmental stability is discussed. The filter is composed of thin films of metal- oxide coating materials deposited at near bulk density using OCA's MicroPlasma coating process. The high packing factor of the coating results in nearly zero vacuum to air shift. The filter shows improved temperature stability due to the selection of coating materials with low coefficients of thermal expansion and temperature coefficients of refractive indices as compared to filters manufactured using conventional technologies. In addition, the materials also have very low optical absorption and scatter which leads to improved filter transmission. Experimental data is presented describing the spectral performance and humidity and temperature stability of multiple cavity filters with bandwidths of 10 angstroms or less which possess single piece (non-mosaic) clear apertures of up to 10 inches. The improved temperature stability can eliminate the need for active temperature controllers such as heating cells. Improved narrow band filters have several immediate applications as a method to improve signal-to-noise ratio of laser based optical systems for both military and commercial markets such as LIDAR, FTIR, and remote sensing.
Biochemical and Antibacterial Analysis of Human Wound and Blister Fluid (1996)

Fluid from a post-operative wound, six leg ulcers and a large blister were collected and analysed by biochemical, microbiological and immunological techniques. The results were compared with those from sera. All samples were lyophilized and extracted twice with 60% aqueous acetonitrile containing 1% trifluoroacetic acid. The pooled supernatants were lyophilized, redissolved, and the fluid extracts were characterized by six techniques (the blister exudate only with three): reverse-phase HPLC, Edman degradation, mass spectrometry, Western blot analysis, inhibition zone assay on plates with Bacillus megaterium (anti-Bm activity) and zone clearing on plates with cell walls from Micrococcus luteus (a lysozyme assay). The material corresponding to HPLC peaks of the wound fluid extract was identified as: histone H2B fragments 1-11,1-15 and 1-16, intact thymosin beta-4, defensins HNP1, 2 and 3, lysozyme and the peptide antibiotic FALL-39 and its precursor(s). The HPLC-separated blister fluid was extremely rich in anti-Bm activity (mainly defensins) and lysozyme. It may also contain factors not identified before. The plate assays scored 50-fold differences in anti-Bm activities and more than 10-fold differences in lysozyme, factors which together with thymosin could be active in wound healing. It is concluded that analysis of wound fluid yields peptide and activity patterns with novel fragments of important peptides, and quantitative differences, that can be useful to understand molecular mechanisms of wound healing further.
It's All in the Parameters: A Critical Analysis of Some Well-Known Negative Studies on Low-Level Laser Therapy (1998)

A study of 1,200 papers on LLLT has resulted in 85 positive and 35 negative double-blind studies. The negative studies have been scrutinized carefully in an effort to pinpoint possible reasons for the failures. In the following, the majority are double-blind studies, but some non-blinded and animal studies have been included to give typical examples of pitfalls.
Development of an ADL tool set that supports the description of C2-style architecture (2001)

Recently, component-based development (CBD) is rapidly spreading as a way of improving the reusability, productivity, and quality of software. For CBD to be effective in achieving such design objectives, the creation and integration of components must be based on a well-defined architecture that guides the correct composition and cooperation of application components. Software architecture must be described using an architecture description language (ADL) to ensure the correctness and preciseness of architecture models. In this paper, we propose the system architecture of an ADL tool set that can effectively support the use of CBD based on the domain architecture and we describe each component of the proposed system architecture. We also modify and redefine C2SADL that was developed to support the use of the description of C2 architectural style by UCI (University of California in Irvine) to facilitate the integration of separately described architecture models, and introduce the method of design and implementation of our ADL processor that partially implements the proposed ADL system architecture.
Prebiotic Effect of Lacto-N-biose I on Bifidobacterial Growth (2009)

We demonstrated the prebiotic effect of lacto-N-biose I (Galbeta1-3GlcNAc) on bifidobacteria in vitro. Lacto-N-biose I, a building unit of the type-I milk oligosaccharides, enhanced the growth of many bifidobacteria, especially Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. breve, and B. longum, which are predominant in the intestines of breast-fed infants. It might be a substantial, natural prebiotic in human colostrums.
Double-blind, Randomized, Multicenter Study Comparing the Effect of Betahistine and Flunarizine on the Dizziness Handicap in Patients with Recurrent Vestibular Vertigo (2003)

This study showed that at 8 weeks BH is significantly more effective than FL in terms of improving the total DHI score and the physical subscore. It was also established that the DHI is a useful and reliable method for evaluating the efficacy of antivertigo drugs.
Novel Galactosylated Polyamine Bolaamphiphiles for Gene Delivery (2003)

We describe the synthesis of a series of alpha-galacto-omega-polyamine double-chain bolaamphiphiles (Gal-CL) and report on the gene transfer mediated with lipoplexes they form either when used in conjunction with DOPE or with pcTG90:DOPE. Lipofection was investigated with human HepG2 and murine BNL-CL2 hepatocytes expressing the asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor which displays a high affinity for galactosyl residues, and with A549 cells which do not express ASGP. Our results show that cationic N/P = 5 and 2.5 Gal-CL lipoplexes constitute very efficient nonspecific gene transfer systems. Lipofection experiments performed in the presence of asialofetuin (a high affinity ligand of ASGP) led us to evidence also the involvement of a specific receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway for the transfection of the ASGP(+) HepG2 or BNL-CL2 hepatocytes with some Gal-CL formulations. This work suggests that targetable lipopolyamines presenting a single galactose residue appear as promising synthetic vectors for specific gene delivery to ASGP(+) cells.
Current-Induced Switching of Domains in Magnetic Multilayer Devices (1999)

Current-induced switching in the orientation of magnetic moments is observed in cobalt/copper/cobalt sandwich structures, for currents flowing perpendicularly through the layers. Magnetic domains in adjacent cobalt layers can be manipulated controllably between stable parallel and antiparallel configurations by applying current pulses of the appropriate sign. The observations are in accord with predictions that a spin-polarized current exerts a torque at the interface between a magnetic and nonmagnetic metal, due to local exchange interactions between conduction electrons and the magnetic moments.
Overexpression of CuZnSOD or MnSOD protects satellite cells from doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis (2007)

PURPOSE: Doxorubicin belongs to a family of anticancer drugs that exert cytotoxic effects by release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering apoptosis. Since antioxidant enzymes scavenge ROS and defend against apoptosis, we sought to determine whether overexpression of catalase, copper‐zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), or manganese SOD (MnSOD) is protective against doxorubicin‐mediated cell death. METHODS: Primary satellite cell cultures were derived from the hindlimb muscles of wild type (WT) or transgenic mice overexpressing catalase, CuZnSOD, or MnSOD. Myoblasts were cultured in growth medium (10% FBS) until 80% confluency, then replated at equal density. Following a 24 hr treatment with or without 5μM doxorubicin, cells were fixed for DAPI and TUNEL staining. RESULTS: Doxorubicin induced a 60% decrease in nuclear number of WT cells, and this effect was abrogated in cells overexpressing CuZnSOD or MnSOD. The %TUNEL positive nuclei was elevated six‐fold in doxorubicin‐treated WT cells and only the CuZnSOD overexpressing cells were protected against this effect. CONCLUSIONS: Catalase overexpression did not protect cultured satellite cells from the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin. However, overexpression of the cytosolic antioxidant enzyme, CuZnSOD, protects against DNA fragmentation, and overexpression of CuZnSOD or the mitochondrial enzyme, MnSOD, enhances cellular survival when challenged by a dose of doxorubicin known to induce apoptosis. Funded by the American Heart Association.
Pyrophosphate analogues in pyrophosphorolysis reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerases (1989)

It is demonstrated here that rat liver DNA polymerase beta catalyzes the pyrophosphorolysis reaction with pyrophosphate (PPi) and its analogues. The substrate specificity of the PPi-binding site of several DNA polymerases was investigated. It was discovered that the ability of DNA polymerases to utilize PPi analogues instead of PPi in the pyrophosphorolysis reaction was markedly restricted. Only imidodiphosphate and methylenediphosphonate were demonstrated as participating in this process. Oxodiphosphonate and phosphonoformate inhibited DNA synthesis, but probably not via the interaction with the PPi-binding site of DNA polymerases.
A 30-MHz–2.4-GHz CMOS Receiver With Integrated RF Filter and Dynamic-Range-Scalable Energy Detector for Cognitive Radio Systems (2012)

A 30-MHz-2.4-GHz complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) receiver with an integrated tunable RF filter and a dynamic-range-scalable energy detector for both white-space and interference-level sensing in cognitive radio systems is reported. The second-order RF filter has only two stacked transistors, and its use, in combination with a subsequent harmonic rejection mixer, results in wideband interference rejection. The energy detector with programmable rectifiers provides dynamic-range (DR) scalability, enabling shared use for white-space/interference-level detection and automatic gain control. A prototype chip, fabricated using 90-nm CMOS technology, achieved over 42-dB harmonic rejection including 7th-order component without any external device, a 67-dB gain, a 5-8-dB noise figure, a -11-dBm in-band third-order intercept point, and a +38-dBm second-order intercept point while drawing only 25-37 mA from a 1.2-V power supply. Multi-resolution DR-scalable spectrum sensing with a 0.2-30-MHz detection bandwidth, -83-dBm minimum sensitivity, and a 29-48-dB DR was demonstrated.
Agrobacterium-transformed rice plants expressing syntheticcryIA(b)andcryIA(c)genes are highly toxic to striped stem borer and yellow stem borer (1998)

Over 2,600 transgenic rice plants in nine strains were regenerated from >500 independently selected hygromycin-resistant calli after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The plants were transformed with fully modified (plant codon optimized) versions of two synthetic cryIA(b) and cryIA(c) coding sequences from Bacillus thuringiensis as well as the hph and gus genes, coding for hygromycin phosphotransferase and beta-glucuronidase, respectively. These sequences were placed under control of the maize ubiquitin promoter, the CaMV35S promoter, and the Brassica Bp10 gene promoter to achieve high and tissue-specific expression of the lepidopteran-specific delta-endotoxins. The integration, expression, and inheritance of these genes were demonstrated in R0 and R1 generations by Southern, Northern, and Western analyses and by other techniques. Accumulation of high levels (up to 3% of soluble proteins) of CryIA(b) and CryIA(c) proteins was detected in R0 plants. Bioassays with R1 transgenic plants indicated that the transgenic plants were highly toxic to two major rice insect pests, striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) and yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), with mortalities of 97-100% within 5 days after infestation, thus offering a potential for effective insect resistance in transgenic rice plants.
Novel human anti-claudin 1 mAbs inhibit hepatitis C virus infection and may synergize with anti-SRB1 mAb (2015)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis and liver carcinoma and new therapies based on novel targets are needed. The tight junction protein claudin 1 (CLDN-1) is essential for HCV cell entry and spread, and anti-CLDN-1 rat and mouse mAbs are safe and effective in preventing and treating HCV infection in a human liver chimeric mouse model. To accelerate translation of these observations into a novel approach to treat HCV infection and disease in humans, we screened a phage display library of human single-chain antibody fragments by using a panel of CLDN-1-positive and -negative cell lines and identified phage specifically binding to CLDN-1. The 12 clones showing the highest levels of binding were converted into human IgG4. Some of these mAbs displayed low-nanomolar affinity, and inhibited infection of human hepatoma Huh7.5 cells by different HCV isolates in a dose-dependent manner. Cross-competition experiments identified six inhibitory mAbs that recognized distinct epitopes. Combination of the human anti-SRB1 mAb C-1671 with these anti-CLDN-1 mAbs could either increase or reduce inhibition of cell culture-derived HCV infection in vitro. These novel human anti-CLDN-1 mAbs are potentially useful to develop a new strategy for anti-HCV therapy and lend support to the combined use of antibodies targeting the HCV receptors CLDN-1 and SRB1, but indicate that care must be taken in selecting the proper combination.
Human monoclonal Fab fragments derived from a combinatorial library bind to respiratory syncytial virus F glycoprotein and neutralize infectivity. (1992)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause, throughout the world, of severe viral lower respiratory tract illness in young children. Antibodies are known to mediate resistance to RSV infection and illness. We have isolated a number of human monoclonal Fab fragments to RSV F glycoprotein from a combinatorial antibody library expressed on the surface of phage. One of these neutralized a wide range of virus isolates, 10 subgroup A and 9 subgroup B isolates, with a titer (60% neutralization) of approximately 0.1-1.0 micrograms/ml. Another Fab neutralized diverse isolates at a concentration somewhat higher. These human Fab fragments show great promise for use in the prophylaxis or therapy of serious RSV lower respiratory tract disease. For intramuscular or intravenous administration, whole antibodies will be required, whereas for aerosol application, F(ab')2 or Fab fragments may suffice.
Architectural core salvaging in a multi-core processor for hard-error tolerance (2009)

The incidence of hard errors in CPUs is a challenge for future multicore designs due to increasing total core area. Even if the location and nature of hard errors are known a priori, either at manufacture-time or in the field, cores with such errors must be disabled in the absence of hard-error tolerance. While caches, with their regular and repetitive structures, are easily covered against hard errors by providing spare arrays or spare lines, structures within a core are neither as regular nor as repetitive. Previous work has proposed microarchitectural core salvaging to exploit structural redundancy within a core and maintain functionality in the presence of hard errors. Unfortunately microarchitectural salvaging introduces complexity and may provide only limited coverage of core area against hard errors due to a lack of natural redundancy in the core.
Inhibition of degranulation and interleukin-6 production in mast cells derived from mice deficient in protein kinase Cβ (2000)

The antigen-mediated activation of mast cells by means of IgE antibodies bound to the cell surface leads to direct interactions between FcɛRI receptor cytoplasmic domains and various intracellular proteins. These interactions initiate diverse signal-transduction pathways, and the activation of these pathways results in the immediate release of proinflammatory agents. A delayed response also occurs and includes the release of various cytokines. It is clear that the activation of kinases is a requirement for the exocytosis observed in mast cells. In addition to the tyrosine phosphorylation of the affected system by soluble tyrosine kinases, activity of protein kinase C (PKC) results in serine or threonine phosphorylation of multiple protein substrates. In this study, we found that mast cells derived from PKCβ-deficient mice produce less interleukin 6 in response to IgE-Ag. The inhibition of exocytosis in the PKCβ-deficient mast cells occurred whether the stimuli were due to the aggregation of the mast cell surface FcɛRI or to the calcium ionophore, ionomycin. However, no significant changes were observed in the proliferative response of the mast cells to interleukin 3 (IL-3) or in their apoptotic rate after IL-3 depletion.
The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer (1997)

Part 1 Basic concepts in genetics: genetics, biochemistry and the molecular basis of variant human phenotypes the nature and mechanisms of human gene mutation the Human Genome Project genetic imprinting in cancer. Part 2 Controls on cell growth: control of the cell cycle apoptosis and cancer oncogenes tumour suppressor genes. Part 3A Inherited mutations - defects in DNA repair: xeroderma pigmentosa ataxia telangiectasia Bloom's syndrome Fanconi anaemia hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer Werner syndrome. Part 3B defects in growing controlling genes: retinoblastoma Li-Fraumenni syndrome Wilms tumour peripheral neurofibromatosis central neurofibromatosis renal carcinoma multiple endocrine neoplasia malignant melanoma breast cancer colorectal tumours. Part 4 Somatic mutations: chromosome translocations in leukemias and lymphomas chromosome rearrangements human in solid tumours gene amplification in human cancers - biological and clinical significance pancreatic cancer ovarian cancer endometrial cancer cervical cancer bladder cancer stomach cancer prostate cancer brain tumours lung cancer skin cancer hepatocellular carcinoma genetic testing for cancer.
Selectively Cytotoxic Diterpenes from Euphorbia poisonii (1996)

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the latex of Euphorbia poisonii Pax. (Euphorbiaceae) led to the isolation and characterization of a new tigliane diterpene, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-(9,10-methylene)undecanoate (3), together with five known diterpenes (1,2,4-6). When evaluated for cytotoxicity in a panel of six human solid tumor cell lines, the diterpene esters, 1-3, 5, and 6, were selectively cytotoxic for the human kidney carcinoma (A-498) cell line with potencies for 2 and 3 exceeding that of adriamycin by ten thousand times. Details of the isolations, structural analyses, and cytotoxic activities are described.
Proteinase overproduction in Lactococcus lactis strains: regulation and effect on growth and acidification in milk (1992)

Multicopy plasmids that contained the complete of 3'-deleted forms of the proteinase (prtP) gene of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris SK11 under the control of different promoters were constructed and introduced into Prt- lactococcal strains. The production and location of the SK11 proteinase was determined in different hosts grown in industrial and laboratory media. In spite of the 10-fold-higher copy number of the prt genes, no overproduction of proteinase was observed in strain SK1128, a Prt- derivative of L. lactis subsp. cremoris SK112. In contrast, an approximately threefold overproduction of the cell envelope-located or fully secreted proteinase was found in strain MG1820 compared with that of its parental strain L. lactis subsp. lactis SH4109. In all strains proteinase production appeared to be regulated by the medium composition. Highest proteinase production of the SK11 derivatives was found in milk, in contrast to derivatives of SH4109 that produced most proteinase in whey permeate medium. Analysis of single strains with different levels of proteinase production or mixed cultures containing various ratios of Prt+ and Prt- cells indicated that the amount of proteinase produced per cell or culture determines the specific growth rate in milk. Overproduction of cell envelope-located or secreted proteinase in strain MG1820 resulted in a 20%-higher specific growth and acidification rate in milk compared with that in the wild-type strain SH4109. These results indicate that the growth of lactococci in milk is limited by the caseinolytic activity of the proteinase.
The Effect of Guanethidine and Propranolol on Capillary Blood Flow in Subcutaneous Tissue and Muscle in Essential Hypertension (1974)

Local capillary blood flow in subcutaneous tissue and muscle was measured by tissue clearance of Na 131I at rest and during vasomotor reactions in 33 patients with essential hypertension and in an age-matched control group, before and after application of guanethidine and propranolol. Capillary blood flow in the subcutaneous tissue of the hand and leg as well as in the calf musculature was significantly lower in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects, whereas capillary blood flow in forearm muscles was greater in hypertensives than in controls. Guanethidine returned the values of capillary blood flow in hypertensive patients to the values characteristic of normotensive controls before drug administration. Propranolol produced a significant decrease of capillary blood flow in subcutaneous tissue of the hand and leg, as well as in both forearm and calf muscles.