gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
C-Terminus of Progranulin Interacts with the Beta-Propeller Region of Sortilin to Regulate Progranulin Trafficking (2011)

Progranulin haplo-insufficiency is a main cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with TDP-43 aggregates. Previous studies have shown that sortilin regulates progranulin trafficking and is a main determinant of progranulin level in the brain. In this study, we mapped the binding site between progranulin and sortilin. Progranulin binds to the beta-propeller region of sortilin through its C-terminal tail. The C-terminal progranulin fragment is fully sufficient for sortilin binding and progranulin C-terminal peptide displaces progranulin binding to sortilin. Deletion of the last 3 residues of progranulin (QLL) abolishes its binding to sortilin and also sortilin dependent regulation of progranulin trafficking. Since progranulin haplo-insufficiency results in FTLD, these results may provide important insights into future studies of progranulin trafficking and signaling and progranulin based therapy for FTLD.
Anti-HER2 antibody enhances the growth inhibitory effect of anti-oestrogen on breast cancer cells expressing both oestrogen receptors and HER2 (2000)

Anti-oestrogen is effective for the treatment of oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast carcinomas, but most of these tumours become resistant to anti-oestrogen. It has been suggested that anti-oestrogen therapy may induce a HER2 signalling pathway in breast cancer cells and this may cause resistance to anti-oestrogen. Thus, it is conceivable that combined therapy with anti-oestrogen and anti-HER2 antibody might be more effective. In the present study, we investigated the effect of combined treatment with a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, rhumAbHER2 (trastuzumab), and an anti-oestrogen, ICI 182,780, on the cell growth of three human breast cancer cell lines which respectively express different levels of ER and HER2. The combined treatment enhanced the growth inhibitory effect on ML-20 cells, which express a high level of ER and a moderate level of HER2, but showed no additive effect on either KPL-4 cells, which express no ER and a moderate level of HER2, or MDA-MB-231 cells, which express no ER and a low level of HER2. It is also suggested that both the antibody and anti-oestrogen induce a G1-S blockade and apoptosis. These findings indicate that combined treatment with anti-HER2 antibody and anti-oestrogen may be useful for the treatment of patients with breast cancer expressing both ER and HER2.
Differential electroantennogram response of females and males of two parasitoid species to host-related green leaf volatiles and inducible compounds (2007)

Parasitoids employ different types of host-related volatile signals for foraging and host-location. Host-related volatile signals can be plant-based, originate from the herbivore host or produced from an interaction between herbivores and their plant host. In order to investigate potential sex- and species-related differences in the antennal response of parasitoids to different host-related volatiles, we compared the electroantennogram (EAG) responses of both sexes of the specialist parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes (Cresson), and the generalist, Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson), to varying doses of selected plant-based host-related volatiles: two green leaf volatiles (cis-3-hexenol and hexanal) and three inducible compounds (cis-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool, and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene). Mating had no significant effect on EAG response. Females of both species showed significantly greater EAG responses than conspecific males to green leaf volatiles, which are released immediately after initiation of herbivore feeding damage. In contrast, males showed greater responses than conspecific females to inducible compounds released much later after initial damage. Cotesia marginiventris females and males showed greater EAG responses than counterpart M. croceipes to the tested compounds at various doses, suggesting that the generalist parasitoid shows greater antennal sensitivity than the specialist to the tested host-plant volatiles. These results are discussed in relation to the possible roles of green leaf volatiles and inducible compounds in the ecology of female and male parasitoids.
Circulating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation: endogenous G-CSF production correlates with myeloid engraftment [see comments] (1992)

Myeloid engraftment after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is influenced by a number of variables, including cytoreductive chemoradiotherapy, genetic disparity, number of reinfused committed myeloid progenitor cells, healthy microenvironment, and the presence of hematopoietic growth factors. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G- CSF) stimulates proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells and enhances myeloid engraftment after BMT. We investigated the temporal relationship between endogenous G-CSF production and myeloid engraftment in both children and adults after allogeneic (ALLO) and autologous (AUTO) BMT. Circulating endogenous G-CSF levels ranged between 0 and 2552 pg/mL. The correlation coefficient between circulating serum G-CSF levels and the peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was r = -.875 (P less than .001). The endogenous serum G- CSF level was highest during the first week after BMT, when the ANC was less than or equal to 200/microL (699 +/- 82.3 pg/mL) (P less than .001). Both children and adults demonstrated a similar inverse relationship between circulating G-CSF level and degree of neutropenia. One patient failed to engraft after AUTO BMT and also failed to generate any endogenous G-CSF production. Lastly, once the serum G-CSF level decreased to less than 200 pg/mL, a mean of 6.1 +/- 0.9 days elapsed before the ANC was greater than or equal to 500/microL for 2 consecutive days. This study demonstrates that endogenous G-CSF production is associated with myeloid engraftment in both children and adults after AUTO and ALLO BMT and that the rate of increase and decrease in endogenous G-CSF may be predictive of either failure to engraft or duration of neutropenia.
Identification of Ubiquitin Target Proteins Using Cell-Based Arrays (2007)

A global understanding of ubiquitinated proteins in vivo is key to unraveling the biological significance of ubiquitination. There are, however, a few effective screening methods for rapid analysis of ubiquitinated proteins. In the current study, we designed a cell-based cDNA expression array combined with cell imaging for the rapid identification of polyubiquitinated proteins, which normally accumulate to form the unique "dot" structure following inhibition of ubiquitin proteasomes. The array consisted of 112 cDNAs encoding key components of major cellular pathways and potential targets of polyubiquitination. Among them, 40 proteins formed accumulation dots in response to proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, treatment. More importantly, 24 of those 40 proteins, such as MAPKAPK3, NLK, and RhoGDI2, are previously not known as the targets of ubiquitin. We further validated our findings by examining the endogenous counterparts of some of these proteins and found that those endogenous proteins form a similar "dot" structure. Immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that these accumulated proteins are polyubiquitinated. Our results demonstrate that this large-scale application of cell-based arrays represents a novel global approach in identifying candidates of the polyubiquitinated proteins. Therefore, the technique utilized here will facilitate future research on ubiquitination-regulated cell signaling.
Design and humanization of a murine scFv that blocks human platelet glycoprotein VI in vitro (2009)

Platelet adhesion and aggregation at the site of vascular injury is essential for hemostasis, but can also lead to arterial occlusion in thrombotic disorders. Glycoprotein (GP) VI is the major platelet membrane receptor that interacts directly with collagen, the most thrombogenic compound in the blood vessels. GPVI could therefore be a major therapeutic target. Fab fragments of the anti-GPVI murine monoclonal IgG 9O12 have previously been shown to completely block collagen-induced platelet aggregation, to inhibit the procoagulant activity of collagen-stimulated platelets, and to prevent thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions without significantly prolonging the bleeding time. Here, we engineered recombinant scFvs that preserve the functional properties of 9O12, and could constitute building blocks for designing new compounds with potentially therapeutic antithrombotic properties. First, the 9O12 variable domains were cloned, sequenced, and expressed as a recombinant murine scFv, which was fully characterized. This scFv preserved all the characteristics that make 9O12 Fab potentially useful for therapeutic applications, including its high affinity for GPVI, ability to inhibit platelet adhesion, and aggregation with collagen under arterial flow conditions. A humanized version of this scFv was also designed after complementarity-determining region grafting and structural refinements using homology-based modeling. The final product was produced in recombinant bacteria. It retained GPVI-binding specificity and high affinity, which are the main parameters usually impaired by humanization procedures. This is a simple, efficient and straightforward method that could also be used for humanizing other antibodies.
The Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA sequencing projects1 (1997)

Nearly 30000 Arabidopsis thaliana EST (Expressed Sequence Tags) have been produced by a French and an American consortium. Despite redundancy these sequences tag about half the expected Arabidopsis genes. Approximately 40% of the non-redundant EST can be assigned a putative function by simple homology search. This programme allowed the identification of a large number of genes which would have been very difficult to isolate by other classical techniques. It considerably stimulated many areas of plant biology by the rapid discovery a large number of genes, by revealing multigene families and by allowing the analysis of differential expression of the different members. Finally this programme facilitated construction of physical maps of the chromosomes and opened the way for complete sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome and comparative mapping of the major plant crops.
Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in New York City (2020)

Covid-19 in New York City In this series of 393 consecutive patients admitted with Covid-19 to two New York City hospitals from March 3 to March 27, a third of patients received invasive mechanical...
Oral vaccination with recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing human papillomavirus type 16 E7 can cause tumor growth in mice to regress (2002)

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterium with the ability to present secreted proteins to the major histocompatibility complex class I pathway to stimulate cell-mediated immune response. In our study, we constructed the recombinant L. monocytogenes encoding human papillomavirus type 16 E7 gene (rLM-E7). When orally administered to syngeneic mice, rLM-E7 could induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. Furthermore, in vitro flow cytometric assay and in vivo immune deficiency assays showed that rLM-E7 could prevent and eradicate tumor growth via CD8+-dependent CTLs. Hence, the potency of rLM-E7 as a therapeutic vaccine for cervical cancer is the result of the induction E7-specific cell-mediated immunity by L. monocytogenes. In addition to potency, this vaccine also offers ease of administration and reduced cost of production compared with other vaccines formulated for injection. Thus, L. monocytogenes encoding HPV-16 E7 may be a useful oral vaccine for cervical cancer treatment.
A THEORY OF THE LOW-FREQUENCY DIELECTRIC DISPERSION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION1,2 (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA THEORY OF THE LOW-FREQUENCY DIELECTRIC DISPERSION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION1,2Gerhard SchwarzCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 12, 2636–2642Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100818a067https://doi.org/10.1021/j100818a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2044Altmetric-Citations682LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
R1 Revisited: Four Years in the Trenches (1984)

In 1980, Digital Equipment Corporation began to use a rule-based system called R1 by some and XCON by others to configure VAX-11 computer systems. In the intervening years, R1's knowledge has increased substantially and its usefulness to Digital continues to grow. This article describes what is involved in extending R1's performance during the four year period.
HER2 Assessment by Immunohistochemical Analysis and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (2002)

We determined HER2 protein overexpression by immunohistochemical analysis and HER2 gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 215 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tumors. Pathologist concordance for immunohistochemical scoring, and HER2 status concordance, as determined by immunohistochemistry and FISH, were high for immunohistochemical 3+, 1+, and 0 tumors but poor for 2+ tumors. Consensus immunohistochemical scores correlated with absolute and chromosome 17 (CEPI 7)-corrected HER2 gene copy number Among HER2-nonamplified tumors, the immunohistochemical score and mean absolute chromosome 17 (CEP17) copy number were weakly correlated. Seventeen tumors were HER2-amplified using absolute HER2 gene criteria but nonamplified when corrected for chromosome 17 polysomy (8 of these were immunohistochemical 2+). Assessment of benign epithelium within the immunohistochemical slides revealed either no staining or basolateral membrane staining, suggesting normal HER2 protein expression. Twenty tumors showing similar basolateral HER2 immunostaining were all low-moderate grade, tubule-forming, and HER2-nonamplified (17) or borderline amplified (3). Additional studies relating changes in HER2 gene content due to amplification or chromosome 17 polysomy and HER2 protein expression may be helpful to pathologists who interpret HER2 immnuohistochemical slides. Breast tumors scored at 2+ should be analyzed by FISH, preferably using a dual-probe FISH assay capable of distinguishing HER2 gene amplification from chromosome 17 polysomy.
The cost of COTS (2001)

Fairchild Defense, a division of Orbital Sciences Corporation, has been a pioneer in the use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware, software, and tools in military equipment. Fairchild has developed a cost and schedule effective approach to the use of COTS elements. This paper discusses Fairchild's experience with the use of COTS in military equipment and special considerations imposed because of the military environment.
Depth of Focus in Peripheral Vision (1975)

The absolute threshold of the dark-adapted eye is recorded at different eccentricities for various degrees of defocussing. An ophthalmic lens of variable power is inserted in the optical path to produce a blurred image on the retina, corresponding to that of an uncorrected myopia and hyperopia, while the central vision of the subject is accurately accommodated for 1 m. The depth of focus, defined in terms of the criterion of visibility, as suggested by OGLE, is found to increase with eccentricity. The poor sensitivity to blur of the peripheral retina is presumably a consequence of the overlap of the receptor fields at large off-axis angles. The suggestion is made that the edge detectors, called into play be the obliqueray astigmatism, tend to counteract the deleterious effects.
5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboximido Carbonochloridate. A New Stable Reagent for the Introduction of Amino-Protecting Groups (1987)

The synthesis of activated carbonates, based on a new carbonochloridate derived from N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboximide, is reported. These activated carbonic esters are excellent reagents for the introduction of all currently used urethane protecting groups.
Las recientes reformas legislativas ante la problemática planteada por los deudores hipotecarios: ¿son suficientes? (2014)

UCDs are the most frequent causes of congenital hyperammonemia. In this study, 26 patients (10.2%) with UCDs were identified from 254 patients with hyperammonemia resulting in encephalopathy and liver dysfunction. Early diagnosis and treatment can contribute a lot to improve the prognosis of the patients. Blood ammonia assay and further etiological analysis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological and hepatic abnormality.
Cyclooxygenase-2: a target for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. (2001)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inducible prostaglandin synthase, is normally expressed in parts of the kidney and brain. Aberrant COX-2 expression was first reported in colorectal carcinomas and adenomas, and has now been detected in various human cancers, including those of the breast. Strikingly, COX-2 overexpression in murine mammary gland is sufficient to cause tumour formation. To date, the role of COX-2 in tumorigenesis has been most intensively studied in the colon. Thus, the relationship between COX-2 and neoplasia can best be illustrated with reference to intestinal tumorigenesis. Here we consider the potential utility of selective COX-2 inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Data for cancers of the colon and breast are compared where possible. In addition, the mechanisms by which COX-2 is upregulated in cancers and contributes to tumorigenesis are discussed. Importantly, several recent studies of mammary tumorigenesis in animal models have found selective COX-2 inhibitors to be effective in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Clinical trials will be needed to determine whether COX-2 inhibition represents a useful approach to preventing or treating human breast cancer.
Molecular Stirrers in Action (2014)

A series of first-generation light-driven molecular motors with rigid substituents of varying length was synthesized to act as "molecular stirrers". Their rotary motion was studied by (1)H NMR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy in a variety of solvents with different polarity and viscosity. Quantitative analyses of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters show that the rotary speed is affected by the rigidity of the substituents and the length of the rigid substituents and that the differences in speed are governed by entropy effects. Most pronounced is the effect of solvent viscosity on the rotary motion when long, rigid substituents are present. The α values obtained by the free volume model, supported by DFT calculations, demonstrate that during the rotary process of the motor, as the rigid substituent becomes longer, an increased rearranging volume is needed, which leads to enhanced solvent displacement and retardation of the motor.
Study of free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid (2000)

The free-radical initiated synthesis of acrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2- methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid (AAm-co-AMPS) was studied at 60 and 25°C. The monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated using Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tüdos methods, based on elemental analysis of the copolymers and 13C-NMR experimental data. The detailed copolymer microstructure was derived from reactivity ratios using the conditional probability based on the terminal kinetic model for free-radical polymerization. The homopolymers and copolymers were characterized using 1H- and 13C-NMR, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic methods, and differential scanning calorimetry. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 619–628, 2000
E6AP Ubiquitin Ligase Mediates Ubiquitylation and Degradation of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein (2006)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is a major component of viral nucleocapsid and a multifunctional protein involved in viral pathogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis. We previously showed that the HCV core protein is degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. However, the molecular machinery for core ubiquitylation is unknown. Using tandem affinity purification, we identified the ubiquitin ligase E6AP as an HCV core-binding protein. E6AP was found to bind to the core protein in vitro and in vivo and promote its degradation in hepatic and nonhepatic cells. Knockdown of endogenous E6AP by RNA interference increased the HCV core protein level. In vitro and in vivo ubiquitylation assays showed that E6AP promotes ubiquitylation of the core protein. Exogenous expression of E6AP decreased intracellular core protein levels and supernatant HCV infectivity titers in the HCV JFH1-infected Huh-7 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of endogenous E6AP by RNA interference increased intracellular core protein levels and supernatant HCV infectivity titers in the HCV JFH1-infected cells. Taken together, our results provide evidence that E6AP mediates ubiquitylation and degradation of HCV core protein. We propose that the E6AP-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may affect the production of HCV particles through controlling the amounts of viral nucleocapsid protein.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence in light-emitting diodes (2014)

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL), one of the most effective and powerful optical characterisation methods, is widely used to investigate carrier transport and localized states in semiconductor materials. Resonant excitation and non-resonant excitation are the two primary methods of researching this issue. In this study, the application ranges of the different excitation modes are confirmed by analysing the TDPL characteristics of GaN-based light-emitting diodes. For resonant excitation, the carriers are generated only in the quantum wells, and the TDPL features effectively reflect the intrinsic photoluminescence characteristics within the wells and offer certain advantages in characterising localized states and the quality of the wells. For non-resonant excitation, both the wells and barriers are excited, and the carriers that drift from the barriers can contribute to the luminescence under the driving force of the built-in field, which causes the existing equations to become inapplicable. Thus, non-resonant excitation is more suitable than resonant excitation for studying carrier transport dynamics and evaluating the internal quantum efficiency. The experimental technique described herein provides fundamental new insights into the selection of the most appropriate excitation mode for the experimental analysis of carrier transport and localized states in p-n junction devices.