gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surveying the Surface Coordination Chemistry of a Superconductor: Spontaneous Adsorption of Monolayer Films of Redox-Active "Ligands" on YBa2Cu3O7-.delta. (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurveying the Surface Coordination Chemistry of a Superconductor: Spontaneous Adsorption of Monolayer Films of Redox-Active "Ligands" on YBa2Cu3O7-.delta.Kaimin Chen, Chad A. Mirkin, Rung-Kuang Lo, Jianai Zhao, and John T. McDevittCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 23, 6374–6375Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00128a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00128a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
TILLING: practical single‐nucleotide mutation discovery (2006)

In the post-genomic sequencing era, an expanding portfolio of genomic technologies has been applied to the study of gene function. Reverse genetics approaches that provide targeted inactivation of genes identified by sequence analysis include TILLING (for Targeting Local Lesions IN Genomes). TILLING searches the genomes of mutagenized organisms for mutations in a chosen gene, typically single base-pair substitutions. This review covers practical aspects of the technology, ranging from building the mutagenized population to mutation discovery, and discusses possible improvements to current protocols and the impact of new genomic methods for mutation discovery in relation to the future of the TILLING approach.
Ocular microtremor laser speckle metrology (2009)

Ocular Microtremor (OMT) is a continual, high frequency physiological tremor of the eye present in all subjects even when the eye is apparently at rest. OMT causes a peak to peak displacement of around 150nm-2500nm with a broadband frequency spectrum between 30Hz to 120Hz; with a peak at about 83Hz. OMT carries useful clinical information on depth of consciousness and on some neurological disorders. Nearly all quantitative clinical investigations have been based on OMT measurements using an eye contacting piezoelectric probe which has low clinical acceptability. Laser speckle metrology is a candidate for a high resolution, non-contacting, compact, portable OMT measurement technique. However, tear flow and biospeckle might be expected to interfere with the displacement information carried by the speckle. The paper investigates the properties of the scattered speckle of laser light (&lambda; = 632.8nm) from the eye sclera to assess the feasibility of using speckle techniques to measure OMT such as the speckle correlation. The investigation is carried using a high speed CMOS video camera adequate to capture the high frequency of the tremor. The investigation is supported by studies using an eye movement simulator (a bovine sclera driven by piezoelectric bimorphs). The speckle contrast and the frame to frame spatiotemporal variations are analyzed to determine if the OMT characteristics are detectable within speckle changes induced by the biospeckle or other movements.
Systemic therapy for rosacea: focus on oral antibiotic therapy and safety. (2000)

Although potentially significant adverse reactions and drug interactions have been reported in association with erythromycin, oral tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, overall these agents are associated with excellent safety profiles, especially considering their widespread use over many years. It must be considered that when these antibiotics are used for the treatment of rosacea and also for acne vulgaris, their use is on a long-term basis rather than their typical short-course regimens for most infectious diseases. As a result, dermatologists prescribing these agents may feel assured that most patients will not encounter any significant problems, but they do need to be aware of potential adverse reactions to allow for early recognition and discontinuation of the offending drug when needed. Early recognition also allows for favorable management of adverse reactions. In addition, potentially significant drug interactions may be recognized by obtaining a thorough medical history and avoiding combinations of drugs that may interact unfavorably. Fortunately, there are several choices that allow us to individually select a treatment regimen that is optimal for the individual patient, allowing for effective control of rosacea.
Facilitating matched pairing and expression of TCR chains introduced into human T cells (2006)

Adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes is a promising treatment for a variety of malignancies but often not feasible due to difficulties generating T cells that are reactive with the targeted antigen from patients. To facilitate rapid generation of cells for therapy, T cells can be programmed with genes encoding the alpha and beta chains of an antigen-specific T-cell receptor (TCR). However, such exogenous alpha and beta chains can potentially assemble as pairs not only with each other but also with endogenous TCR alpha and beta chains, thereby generating alphabetaTCR pairs of unknown specificity as well as reducing the number of exogenous matched alphabetaTCR pairs at the cell surface. We demonstrate that introducing cysteines into the constant region of the alpha and beta chains can promote preferential pairing with each other, increase total surface expression of the introduced TCR chains, and reduce mismatching with endogenous TCR chains. This approach should improve both the efficacy and safety of ongoing efforts to use TCR transfer as a strategy to generate tumor-reactive T cells.
Interferon-γ and B Cell Stimulatory Factor-1 Reciprocally Regulate Ig Isotype Production (1987)

Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and B cell stimulatory factor-1 (BSF-1), also known as interleukin-4, are T cell-derived lymphokines that have potent effects on B cell proliferation and differentiation. They are often secreted by distinct T cell clones. It is now shown that IFN-gamma stimulates the expression of immunoglobulin (Ig) of the IgG2a isotype and inhibits the production of IgG3, IgG1, IgG2b, and IgE. By contrast, BSF-1 has powerful effects in promoting switching to the expression of IgG1 and IgE but markedly inhibits IgM, IgG3, IgG2a, and IgG2b. These results indicate that BSF-1 and IFN-gamma as well as the T cells that produce them may act as reciprocal regulatory agents in the determination of Ig isotype responses. The effects of IFN-gamma and BSF-1 on isotype expression are independent.
Locus Coeruleus Activation Facilitates Memory Encoding and Induces Hippocampal LTD that Depends on -Adrenergic Receptor Activation (2009)

Spatial memory formation is enabled through synaptic information processing, in the form of persistent strengthening and weakening of synapses, within the hippocampus. It is, however, unclear how relevant spatial information is selected for encoding, in preference to less pertinent information. As the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) becomes active in response to novel experiences, we hypothesized that the LC may provide the saliency signal required to promote hippocampal encoding of relevant information through changes in synaptic strength. Test pulse stimulation evoked stable basal synaptic transmission at Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 stratum radiatum synapses in freely behaving adult rats. Coupling of these test pulses with electrical stimulation of the LC induced long-term depression (LTD) at SC-CA1 synapses and induced a transient suppression of theta-frequency oscillations. Effects were N-methyl-D-aspartate and beta-adrenergic receptor dependent. Activation of the LC also increased CA1 noradrenalin levels and facilitated the encoding of spatial memory for a single episode via a beta-adrenoceptor-dependent mechanism. Our results demonstrate that the LC plays a key role in the induction of hippocampal LTD and in promoting the encoding of spatial information. This LC-hippocampal interaction may reflect a means by which salient information is distinguished for subsequent synaptic processing.
Molecular cloning and complete sequence determination of RNA genome of human rhinovirus type 14. (1985)

The genomic RNA of human rhinovirus type 14 was cloned in Escherichia coli and the complete nucleotide sequence was determined. The RNA genome is 7212 nucleotides long. A single large open reading frame of 6536 nucleotides was identified, which starts at nucleotide 678 and ends 47 nucleotides from the 3' end of the RNA genome. Comparisons of the specified proteins with those of other picornaviruses showed a striking homology (44-65%) between rhinovirus and poliovirus. The rhinovirus genomic RNA is rich in adenosine (32.1%) and strongly favors an adenosine or uridine in the third position of codons. The predicted map locations of all the rhinovirus structural and non-structural proteins and their proposed proteolytic cleavage sites are described.
Update on Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery and Valvular Surgery (1998)

The introduction of minimally invasive techniques represents the most dramatic and controversial new development in cardiac surgery. Almost all minimally invasive surgery involves modified standard incisions and at least partial direct vision of the operative field. Therefore, minimally invasive cardiac surgery is defined as an operation through a smaller than usual incision. The procedures then can be divided into those with or without cardiopulmonary bypass. They can be applied in coronary artery bypass grafting or in valvular operations. Ultimately, almost all cardiac surgery could be performed in a minimally invasive fashion. However, the dominance of any type of procedure will depend on data supporting effectiveness, relative technical ease, ultimate cost savings, and improved patient outcome. Many of these data are lacking or are preliminary. Prospective, randomized comparisons are needed.
Dispensing Tokens: A Practice Long Gone? (1995)

Such, W. A. (1995) "Dispensing Tokens: A Practice Long Gone?," Restoration Quarterly: Vol. 37 : No. 3. This repository hosts selected Restoration Quarterly articles in downloadable PDF format. For the benefit of users who would like to browse the contents of RQ, we have included all issue covers even when full-text articles from that issue are unavailable. All Restoration Quarterly articles are available in full text in the ATLA Religion Database, available through most university and theological libraries or through your local library’s inter-library loan service.
Crystal Structure of the Bcl-XL-Beclin 1 Peptide Complex (2007)

Bcl-2 family proteins are key regulators of apoptosis and have recently been shown to modulate autophagy. The tumor suppressor Beclin 1 has been proposed to coordinate both apoptosis and autophagy through direct interaction with anti-apoptotic family members Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-X(L). However, the molecular basis for this interaction remains enigmatic. Here we report that Beclin 1 contains a conserved BH3 domain, which is both necessary and sufficient for its interaction with Bcl-X(L). We also report the crystal structure of a Beclin BH3 peptide in complex with Bcl-X(L) at 2.5A resolution. Reminiscent of previously determined Bcl-X(L)-BH3 structures, the amphipathic BH3 helix of Beclin 1 bound to a conserved hydrophobic groove of Bcl-X(L). These results define Beclin 1 as a novel BH3-only protein, implying that Beclin 1 may have a direct role in initiating apoptotic signaling. We propose that this putative apoptotic function may be linked to the ability of Beclin 1 to suppress tumor formation in mammals.
Metabolism of Indole‐3‐acetaldehyde. III. Some Characteristics of the Aldehyde Oxidase of Avena Coleoptiles (1971)

Abstract Coleoptiles of Avena contain a soluble enzyme system, capable of oxidizing indoleacetaldehyde (lAAld) to indoleacetic acid (IAA). There is a gradient in the concentration of the enzyme along the length of the coleoptile and the first inter‐node. The top 5 mm segment of each organ is relatively richer in this enzyme than the rest of the tissue. The enzyme was purified 17.7‐fold by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulphate followed by gel filtration on Sephadex. Optimal pH for lAAld oxidation is ca . 4.4. Activity of the enzyme is normally oxygen obligatory. But, in the absence of oxygen, phenazine methosulphate (PMS) serves as hydrogen acceptor for aldehyde oxidation, but not some other dyes tried. Approximately one mole of oxygen was consumed for each mole of IAA formed. Formation of H 2 O 2 could not be detected. Added H 2 O 2 inhibited the reaction. Prolonged dialysis progressively inactivated the enzyme. Added NAD, NADP, FMN, FAD, cytochrome c , cyanoco‐balamin, folic acid and ascorbic acid did not restore the lost activity. But 10 −3 M cysteine restored about 60 % of the lost activity. The enzyme is an acidic protein, isoelectric at pH 4.05. For lAAld, under the conditions of experimentation, a Km of 3.45 × 10 −4 M was calculated. Besides lAAld, indole‐3‐aldehyde and phenylacetaldehyde served as substrates, but not acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, xanthine, hypoxanthine or catechol. Cyanide, dithionite and mercapto‐ethanol totally inactivated the enzyme depending upon the concentration and duration of treatment. X‐ray irradiation up to a dosage of 2900 r promoted the lAAld oxidizing activity of cell‐free preparations made from irradiated coleoptiles. As yet, no cofactor requirements have been found for the activity. The enzyme is unlikely to be a pyridino‐ or a flavoprotein.
Advances in Strapdown Sensors (1984)

This paper reviews the advances that have taken place in strapdown sensor technology since 1978. It is intended as an update to the paper on Strapdown Sensors presented as part of AGARD Lecture Series 95 in 1978. Principal areas addressed in strapdown gyro technology are the state-of-the-art in mainstream floated rate-integrating and tuned-rotor strapdown gyros, performance advances in laser gyros, special design considerations associated with mechanically dithered laser gyros, the state-of-the-art in magnetic mirror and multioscillator laser gyros, present and projected application areas for laser gyros related to size, performance and cost, the theory of operation and state-of-the-art in fiber-optic rate sensor. Basic areas addressed in strapdown accelerometer technology are performance advances in pendulous accelerometers, and the theory of operation and state-of-the-art in vibrating beam accelerometer technology.
Microchip Device for Performing Enzyme Assays (1997)

An automated enzyme assay was performed within a microfabricated channel network. Precise concentrations of substrate, enzyme, and inhibitor were mixed in nanoliter volumes using electrokinetic flow. Reagent dilution and mixing were controlled by regulating the applied potential at the terminus of each channel, using voltages derived from an equivalent circuit model of the microchip. The enzyme beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) was assayed using resorufin beta-D-galactopyranoside (RBG), a substrate that is hydrolyzed to resorufin, a fluorescent product. Reaction kinetics were obtained by varying the concentration of substrate on-chip and monitoring the production of resorufin using laser-induced fluorescence. Derived Michaelis--Menten constants compared well between an on-chip and a conventional enzyme assay. Bias in the derived K(m) and kcat was primarily due to the limited solubility of RBG and the associated lack of measurements at substrate concentrations exceeding the K(m). A Ki of 8 microM for the inhibitor phenylethyl beta-D-thiogalactoside (PETG) was determined from plots of initial rate versus substrate concentration obtained at three concentrations of PETG. The relative inhibition of beta-Gal by lactose, p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid, and PETG was determined by varying the inhibitor concentration with constant enzyme and substrate concentration. An enzyme assay performed on the microchip within a 20-min period required only 120 pg of enzyme and 7.5 ng of substrate, reducing the amount of reagent consumed by 4 orders of magnitude over a conventional assay.
Sound Ranking Using Auditory Sparse-Code Representations (2009)

The task of ranking sounds from text queries is a good test application for machine-hearing techniques, and particularly for comparison and evaluation of alternative sound representations in a large-scale setting. We have adapted a machine-vision system, “passive-aggressive model for image retrieval ” (PAMIR) [2], which efficiently learns, using a ranking-based cost function, a linear mapping from a very large sparse feature space to a large query-term space. Using this system allows us to focus on comparison of different auditory front ends and different ways of extracting sparse features from high-dimensional auditory images. In addition to two main auditory-image models, we also include and compare a family of more conventional MFCC front ends. The experimental results show a significant advantage for the auditory models over vector-quantized MFCCs. The two auditory models tested use the adaptive pole-zero filter cascade (PZFC) auditory filterbank and sparse-code feature extraction from stabilized auditory images via multiple vector quantizers. The models differ in their implementation of the strobed temporal integration used to generate the stabilized image. Using ranking precision-at-top-k performance measures, the best results are about 70 % top-1 precision and 35 % average precision, using a test corpus of thousands of sound files and a query vocabulary of hundreds of words. 1 Modeling Sounds
Synthesis of zinc sulfide clusters and zinc particles within microphase-separated domains of organometallic block copolymers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of zinc sulfide clusters and zinc particles within microphase-separated domains of organometallic block copolymersV. Sankaran, J. Yue, R. E. Cohen, R. R. Schrock, and R. J. SilbeyCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 8, 1133–1142Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00032a017Request reuse permissionsArticle Views379Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blind Acoustic Beamforming Based on Generalized Eigenvalue Decomposition (2007)

Maximizing the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a sensor array in the presence of spatially colored noise leads to a generalized eigenvalue problem. While this approach has extensively been employed in narrowband (antenna) array beamforming, it is typically not used for broadband (microphone) array beamforming due to the uncontrolled amount of speech distortion introduced by a narrowband SNR criterion. In this paper, we show how the distortion of the desired signal can be controlled by a single-channel post-filter, resulting in a performance comparable to the generalized minimum variance distortionless response beamformer, where arbitrary transfer functions relate the source and the microphones. Results are given both for directional and diffuse noise. A novel gradient ascent adaptation algorithm is presented, and its good convergence properties are experimentally revealed by comparison with alternatives from the literature. A key feature of the proposed beamformer is that it operates blindly, i.e., it neither requires knowledge about the array geometry nor an explicit estimation of the transfer functions from source to sensors or the direction-of-arrival.
Efficient Micro-Recovery and Guanidination of Peptides Directly from MALDI Target Spots (2005)

A method is presented for the recovery and subsequent guanidination of tryptic peptides from samples previously spotted on a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) target. The procedure is shown to have applicability to both in-solution and in-gel digests, yielding improved confidence in protein identification and sequence coverage in all instances. Recovery from the plate is essentially quantitative, with no residual analyte observed on the target spot. The technique is rapid, simple, and has extended applicability to other processing steps, including (but not limited to) derivatization for specific peptide studies or enzymatic treatment for subsequent profiling of posttranslational modifications. This method circumvents the failure of an initial analysis to generate suitable information and is particularly relevant for the analysis of precious samples.
Design, Synthesis, and SAR Studies of 4-Substituted Methoxylbenzoyl-aryl-thiazoles Analogues as Potent and Orally Bioavailable Anticancer Agents (2011)

In a continued effort to improve upon the previously published 4-substituted methoxybenzoyl-aryl-thiazole (SMART) template, we explored chemodiverse "B" rings and "B" to "C" ring linkage. Further, to overcome the poor aqueous solubility of this series of agents, we introduced polar and ionizable hydrophilic groups to obtain water-soluble compounds. For instance, based on in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, an orally bioavailable phenyl-amino-thiazole (PAT) template was designed and synthesized in which an amino linkage was inserted between "A" and "B" rings of compound 1. The PAT template maintained nanomolar (nM) range potency against cancer cell lines via inhibiting tubulin polymerization and was not susceptible to P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance in vitro, and markedly improved solubility and bioavailability compared with the SMART template (45a-c (PAT) vs 1 (SMART)).