gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Queries Across Diverse Data Sources (1997)

Businesses today need to interrelate data stored in diverse systems with differing capabilities, ideally via a single high-level query interface. We present the design of a query optimizer for Garlic [C + 95], a middleware system designed to integrate data from a broad range of data sources with very different query capabilities. Garlic&amp;apos;s optimizer extends the rule-based approach of [Loh88] to work in a heterogeneous environment, by defining generic rules for the middleware and using wrapper-provided rules to encapsulate the capabilities of each data source. This approach offers great advantages in terms of plan quality, extensibility to new sources, incremental implementation of rules for new sources, and the ability to express the capabilities of a diverse set of sources. We describe the design and implementation of this optimizer, and illustrate its actions through an example. 1 Introduction Businesses today rely on data stored in diverse systems with differing capabilities. Som...
Pathogenesis of malformations in a rodent model for Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (1997)

The fact that Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), a syndrome comprising major malformations involving a number of organ systems, results from an abnormality in cholesterol biosynthesis, was discovered only recently. Utilizing a drug (BM 15.766) to inhibit the same step in cholesterol biosynthesis as is abnormal in those affected with SLOS, we have developed a rat model that presents with abnormalities observed as early as gestational day 12 that appear to be consistent with some of those subsequent malformations that comprise the human syndrome. Abnormalities of the brain and face include deficiency in the midline region of the upper face, narrowing of the forebrain hemispheres and of the cerebral aqueduct, and deficiency in the developing lower jaw. Associated pathogenesis, as observed on gestational day 11 in histological sections and with scanning electron microscopy, involves abnormal cell populations at the rim of the developing forebrain and in the alar plate of the lower midbrain and hind-brain. The affected cells appear abnormally rounded up, having apparently lost their normal cell contacts. The potential basis for the selective vulnerability of this cell population and the impact of its vulnerability relative to subsequent dysmorphogenesis is discussed.
A comparative study of fixation techniques in the open Bankart operation using either a cannulated screw or suture-anchors. (1998)

The purpose of this study was to compare fixation using either Mitek suture-anchors or a cannulated screw technique, both applied extracapsularly, for an open Bankart reconstruction. Fifty-five consecutive patients with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder were operated in two consecutive series. The same surgical technique was applied regardless of group, except for the reattachment method of the capsulolabral complex to the glenoid rim. Patients operated with suture-anchor fixation had better anterior stability, external rotation and functional outcome after a 24-month minimum follow-up. There were no differences between the groups regarding redislocation or subluxation rate.
Using electrical impedance to predict catheter-endocardial contact during RF cardiac ablation (2002)

During radio-frequency (RF) cardiac catheter ablation, there is little information to estimate the contact between the catheter tip electrode and endocardium because only the metal electrode shows up under fluoroscopy. We present a method that utilizes the electrical impedance between the catheter electrode and the dispersive electrode to predict the catheter tip electrode insertion depth into the endocardium. Since the resistivity of blood differs from the resistivity of the endocardium, the impedance increases as the catheter tip lodges deeper in the endocardium. In vitro measurements yielded the impedance-depth relations at 1, 10, 100, and 500 kHz. We predict the depth by spline curve interpolation using the obtained calibration curve. This impedance method gives reasonably accurate predicted depth. We also evaluated alternative methods, such as impedance difference and impedance ratio.
[Study of drugs against neoplastic metastasis]. (2006)

Further progress in the therapy of malignant diseases is expected from the introduction of potent antimetastatic drugs. Surveying of the complex and multi-step behavior of the metastatic process, compounds showing inhibitory action against tumor cell migration may be ranked among the promising antimetastatic agents. Our present study indicate, however, that the antimigratory actions of certain antitumor drugs (doxorubicin, taxol), and inhibitors of signal transduction (PD-98059, LY-294002, SB-203580) are highly dependent on the assay applied (Boyden-chamber, 3D ECM cell culture). It has been proposed that agents interrupting cell-extracellular matrix contacts (hexyldeoxyuridine, borrelidin) and others interfering with the regulatory mechanism of gene translation (rapamycin, ribavirin) could be regarded as leading compounds in the antimetastatic drug development process. Nevertheless, for introducing diagnostically based targeted therapy the forthcoming tasks must include the further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms implicated in the amoeboid and cluster type of cell migration.
Diet and Cancer — An Overview (1984)

SeleniumSelenium is an essential trace element that has a key role in the activity of glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme that protects against oxidative tissue damage on a cellular level.85 Both internationally5 and within the United States86 geographic areas with low selenium levels in the soil or in pooled blood-bank serum samples generally have higher cancer rates than areas with higher selenium levels. In a study that examined selenium intake in relation to site-specific cancer rates, the strongest inverse correlations were with breast cancer (r = 0.8) and colon cancer (r = 0.7).5 Although these correlational studies are useful for . . .
Hairpin and duplex forms of a self-complementary dodecamer, d-AGATCTAGATCT, and interaction of the duplex form with the peptide KGWGK: can a pentapeptide destabilize DNA? (1992)

Ordered forms of a synthetic dodecamer, d-AGATCTAGATCT, a direct repeat of the BglII recognition sequence, have been investigated using UV, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Complex hairpin-duplex equilibria are manifest in UV thermal transitions, which are monophasic in the presence of very low or high NaCl concentrations but distinctly biphasic at intermediate ionic strengths. In 100 mM NaCl, the 1/Tm vs 1n C curve has a reasonable positive slope, which yields delta H and delta S for duplex formation as -66.2 kcal/mol and -190 cal/mol, respectively. Interaction of the dodecamer in duplex form with a tryptophan-containing peptide, KGWGK, has also been investigated to test the "bookmark" hypothesis (Gabbay et al., 1976) under the uniform structural constraint of the oligonucleotide of defined sequence. CD spectra of the peptide (P), the oligonucleotide (N), and their mixtures at different P/N ratios show a dramatic change in peptide spectrum but little change in nucleic acid dichroism with peptide binding. The Tm of P-N complexes decreases with an increase in peptide binding and levels off at saturation binding of P/N = 2.0. The data are interpreted in terms of a groove-cum-intercalation mode of binding, where intercalation to the tryptophan side chain destabilizes the double helix. A Scatchard plot of the binding data is nonlinear, with best-fit values for an overall association constant K = 4.33 x 10(5) M-1, and the number of binding sites n = 3.23 when fitted to the site-exclusion model of binding.
V gamma 2V delta 2 TCR-dependent recognition of non-peptide antigens and Daudi cells analyzed by TCR gene transfer. (1995)

The predominant subpopulation of gamma delta T cells in human peripheral blood expresses TCR V region genes V gamma 2 paired with V delta 2. Previous studies have shown that these V gamma 2V delta 2+ T cells proliferate in response to Daudi Burkitt lymphoma cells, synthetic alkyl phosphate molecules including monoethylphosphate (MEP), and an Ag chemically similar to MEP purified from mycobacterial extracts of several species including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This proliferation is polyclonal and determined by the TCR V gene. However, because these alkyl phosphate molecules are so distinct from conventional peptides and superantigens, we questioned whether these substances induce gamma delta T cell proliferation via TCR-dependent recognition. Here we report that transfection of TCR- Jurkat T cells with cDNA constructs encoding a V gamma 2V delta 2 TCR enabled the transfectants to produce IL-2 in response to Daudi cells, mycobacterial extract, and MEP. The responses were dose dependent and Ag specific. These results demonstrate an essential role for the gamma delta TCR in V gamma 2V delta 2 T cell-mediated recognition of non-peptide Ags by human T cells and suggest a structural similarity or cross-reactivity between cellular and microbial Ags recognized by these gamma delta T cells.
Selective AV nodal vagal stimulation improves hemodynamics during acute atrial fibrillation in dogs (2001)

Although the atrioventricular node (AVN) plays a vital role in blocking many of the atrial impulses from reaching the ventricles during atrial fibrillation (AF), a rapid irregular ventricular rate nevertheless persists. The goals of the present study were to explore the feasibility of novel epicardial selective vagal nerve stimulation for slowing of the ventricular rate during AF and to characterize the hemodynamic benefits in vivo. Electrophysiological-echocardiographic experiments were performed on 11 anesthetized open-chest dogs. Hemodynamic measurements were performed during three distinct periods: 1) sinus rate, 2) AF, and 3) AF with vagal nerve stimulation. AF was associated with significant deterioration of all measured parameters (P < 0.025). The vagal nerve stimulation produced slowing of the ventricular rate, significant reversal of the pressure and contractile indexes (P < 0.025), and a sharp reduction in one-half of the abortive ventricular contractions. The present study provides comprehensive evidence that slowing of the ventricular rate during AF by selective ganglionic stimulation of the vagal nerves that innervate the AVN successfully improved the hemodynamic responses.
Biodiesel: The Use of Vegetable Oils and Their Derivatives as Alternative Diesel Fuels (1997)

Vegetable oils and their derivatives (especially methyl esters), commonly referred to as "biodiesel," are prominent candidates as alternative diesel fuels. They have advanced from being purely experimental fuels to initial stages of commercialization. They are technically competitive with or offer technical advantages compared to conventional diesel fuel. Besides being a renewable and domestic resource, biodiesel reduces most emissions while engine performance and fuel economy are nearly identical compared to conventional fuels. Several problems, however, remain, which include economics, combustion, some emissions, lube oil contamination, and low-temperature properties. An overview on all aspects of biodiesel is presented.
Horus: a wlan-based indoor location determination system (2004)

As ubiquitous computing becomes more popular, the need for context-aware applications increases. The context of an application refers to the information that is part of its operating environment. Typically this includes information such as location, activity of people, and the state of other devices. Algorithms and techniques that allow an application to be aware of the location of a device on a map of the environment are a prerequisite for many of these applications. 
Many systems over the years have tackled the problem of determining and tracking user position. Examples include GPS, wide-area cellular-based systems, infrared-based systems, magnetic tracking systems, various computer vision systems, physical contact systems, and radio frequency (RF) based systems. Of these, the class of RF-based systems that use an underlying wireless data network, such as the IEEE 802.11 wireless network, to estimate user location has gained attention recently, especially for indoor applications. RF-based techniques provide more ubiquitous coverage than other indoor location determination systems and do not require additional hardware for user location determination, thereby enhancing the value of the wireless data network. 
However, using a wireless network for location determination has the challenge of dealing with the noisy characteristics of the wireless channel. Current location determination techniques for the 802.11 wireless networks suffer from these noisy characteristics, leading to coarse grained accuracy. A key feature of current techniques is the dependence on building a radio map for the area of interest and using this radio map to infer the user location. Using the radio map to infer the user location is a computationally intensive process and may consume the scarce energy resource of the mobile units. 
The Horus system is concerned with developing accurate methods for determining the user location with low computation requirements. Our goal is to build a location determination system that is capable of determining the user position with high accuracy, is light enough to be implemented on energy-constrained devices such as handheld computers, and is scalable to track a large number of users and to be used with large areas. 
We identify different causes of the wireless channel variations and we develop techniques to handle these variations. The results show that the Horus system is able to achieve accuracy significantly better than the current WLAN location determination systems. Moreover, the number of operations required to run the algorithm is better than the current systems with more than an order of magnitude.
Phase I Immunotherapeutic Trial with Long Peptides Spanning the E6 and E7 Sequences of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus 16 in End-Stage Cervical Cancer Patients Shows Low Toxicity and Robust Immunogenicity (2008)

The HPV16 E6 and E7 long peptide-based vaccine is well tolerated and capable of inducing a broad IFN gamma-associated T-cell response even in end-stage cervical cancer patients.
Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving maxwell's equations in isotropic media (1966)

Maxwell's equations are replaced by a set of finite difference equations. It is shown that if one chooses the field points appropriately, the set of finite difference equations is applicable for a boundary condition involving perfectly conducting surfaces. An example is given of the scattering of an electromagnetic pulse by a perfectly conducting cylinder.
Glomerular parietal epithelial cells in kidney physiology, pathology, and repair (2013)

PECs play a critical role in glomerular repair through their progenitor function, but under certain circumstances paradoxically contribute to deterioration by augmenting scarring and crescent formation.
Mechanotransduction in Cardiac Myocytes (2004)

Cardiac myocytes react to diverse mechanical demands with a multitude of transient and long-term responses to normalize the cellular mechanical environment. Several stretch-activated signaling pathways have been identified, most prominently guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), Janus-associated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), protein kinase C (PKC), calcineurin, intracellular calcium regulation, and several autocrine and paracrine factors. Multiple levels of crosstalk exist between pathways. The cellular response to changes in the mechanical environment can lead to cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, cellular growth that can be accompanied by pathological myocyte dysfunction, and tissue fibrosis. Several candidates for the primary mechanosensor in cardiac myocytes have been identified, ranging from stretch-activated ion channels in the membrane to yet-unknown mechanosensitive mechanisms in the nucleus. New and refined experimental techniques will exploit advances in molecular biology and biological imaging to study mechanotransduction in isolated cells and genetically engineered mice to explore the function of individual proteins.
A hybrid 3D LIDAR imager based on pixel-by-pixel scanning and DS-OCDMA (2016)

We propose a new hybrid 3D light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system, which measures a scene with 1280 x 600 pixels at a refresh rate of 60fps. The emitted pulses of each pixel are modulated by direct sequence optical code division multiple access (DS-OCDMA) techniques. The modulated pulses include a unique device identification number, the pixel position in the line, and a checksum. The LIDAR emits the modulated pulses periodically without waiting to receive returning light at the detector. When all the pixels are completely through the process, the travel time, amplitude, width, and speed are used by the pixel-by-pixel scanning LIDAR imager to generate point cloud data as the measured results. We programmed the entire hybrid 3D LIDAR operation in a simulator to observe the functionality accomplished by our proposed model.
Anatomy, Pathologic Features, and Treatment of Acetabular Labral Tears (2003)

There is an evolving body of knowledge regarding the acetabular labrum. Labral tears are most frequently anterior and often are associated with sudden twisting or pivoting motions. High clinical suspicion in association with positive physical findings are fundamental for the clinician to properly determine treatment for the suspected tear. Labral tears, especially those present for years, may contribute to the progression of hip osteoarthritis. Patients at risk include those with developmental dysplasia, those with tears greater than 5 years, and those with associated chondral full-thickness lesions. Chondral injuries may occur in association with a multitude of hip conditions including labral tears, loose bodies, osteonecrosis, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, dysplasia, and degenerative arthritis. Labral tears occurring at the watershed zone may destabilize the adjacent acetabular conditions. Arthroscopic observations support the concept that labral disruption, acetabular chondral lesions, or both frequently are part of a continuum of degenerative joint disease.
New Fluorogenic Substrates for α-Thrombin, Factor Xa, Kallikreins, and Urokinase1 (1977)

Twenty peptide-4-methylcoumarin amides (MCA) were newly synthesized and tested as possible substrates for alpha-thrombin, factor Xa, kallikreins, urokinase, and plasmin. These fluorogenic peptides contained arginine-MCA as the carboxyl-terminus. Release of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin was determined fluorometrically. Of these peptides, the following were found to be specific substrates for individual enzymes: Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-MCA for alpha-thrombin, Boc-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-MCA, and Boc-Ser-Gly-Arg-MCA for factor Xa, Z-Phe-Arg-MCA for plasma kallikrein, Pro-Phe-Arg-MCA for pancreatic and urinary kallikreins, and glutaryl-Gly-Arg-MCA for urokinase. Moreover, these peptide-MCA substrates were resistant to plasmin.
The crystal structure of pyruvate decarboxylase from Kluyveromyces lactis (2006)

The crystal structure of pyruvate decarboxylase from Kluyveromyces lactis has been determined to 2.26 A resolution. Like other yeast enzymes, Kluyveromyces lactis pyruvate decarboxylase is subject to allosteric substrate activation. Binding of substrate at a regulatory site induces catalytic activity. This process is accompanied by conformational changes and subunit rearrangements. In the nonactivated form of the corresponding enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, all active sites are solvent accessible due to the high flexibility of loop regions 106-113 and 292-301. The binding of the activator pyruvamide arrests these loops. Consequently, two of four active sites become closed. In Kluyveromyces lactis pyruvate decarboxylase, this half-side closed tetramer is present even without any activator. However, one of the loops (residues 105-113), which are flexible in nonactivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae pyruvate decarboxylase, remains flexible. Even though the tetramer assemblies of both enzyme species are different in the absence of activating agents, their substrate activation kinetics are similar. This implies an equilibrium between the open and the half-side closed state of yeast pyruvate decarboxylase tetramers. The completely open enzyme state is favoured for Saccharomyces cerevisiae pyruvate decarboxylase, whereas the half-side closed form is predominant for Kluyveromyces lactis pyruvate decarboxylase. Consequently, the structuring of the flexible loop region 105-113 seems to be the crucial step during the substrate activation process of Kluyveromyces lactis pyruvate decarboxylase.
Diterpenes from the Pohnpeian Marine Sponge Chelonaplysilla sp. (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiterpenes from the Pohnpeian Marine Sponge Chelonaplysilla sp.Steven C. Bobzin and D. John FaulknerCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1991, 54, 1, 225–232Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50073a023https://doi.org/10.1021/np50073a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Humoral Immune Response to the Antigen Administered as an Immune Complex (1992)

Antigen (HSA) bound in immune complexes at equivalence with syngeneic anti-HSA antibodies elicit much stronger humoral immune response then soluble HSA. On the other hand, administration of immune complexes formed with xenogeneic (rabbit) anti-HSA antibodies suppressed humoral immune response against HSA, but not against rabbit IgG in mice. We suggest that immunization with antigen bound in immune complex might represent a powerful tool in enhancing humoral immune responses.