gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Renal Transplantation in Patients with Hereditary Fibrinogen Amyloidosis (2018)

Introduction Fibrinogen A alpha-chain (AFib) amyloidosis is an autosomal dominant disease that typically presents with nephropathy. The p.Glu545Val fibrinogen A alpha-chain gene (FGA) variant is the cause of AFib amyloidosis that was identified in northern Portugal and accounts for the disease in 17 families. Renal transplantation is a supportive therapy with unexpected early complications. Materials and Methods Outcomes following renal transplantation were evaluated in six consecutive patients with AFib E526V (p.Glu545Val) amyloidosis that received a kidney transplant between 1996 and 2017 in three kidney transplant centers. Results Three males and three females underwent renal transplantation at a mean age of 60.8±5.9 years. The first kidney transplant was performed in 1996 and the patient lived during 16 years with a functioning kidney. The other patients were transplanted in 2014 (1), 2015 (1), 2016 (1) and 2017 (2). One patient underwent transplantectomy on post-transplantation day 8 due to uncontrolled bleeding associated with a small dehiscence of the arterial allograft anastomosis; the patient exhibited neither histological findings of acute rejection nor evidence of amyloid deposition in the allograft. Twenty days after returning to haemodialysis, this patient underwent urgent nephrectomy due to spontaneous native kidney rupture. There was massive amyloid deposition in the glomeruli with no interstitial, vascular or capsular involvement. Another patient underwent a right coronary percutaneous intervention on post-transplantation day 3 due to acute coronary syndrome. Six months later, he underwent transplantectomy due to allograft obstructive ureterohydronephrosis and returned to haemodialysis. The other three patients have no clinical evidence of amyloid recurrence in the allograft. Discussion and Conclusion AFib amyloidosis is an increasing cause of chronic kidney disease among kidney transplant recipients in Portugal. Our experience with renal transplantation in patients with AFib amyloidosis is limited and is characterized by short-term post-transplantation complications that led to graft loss in two of six cases. In contrast, one of our patients died 16 years after renal transplantation with a functioning graft. Emerging therapies at the amyloidogenesis cascade level that seek to prevent the formation and promote the clearance of amyloid deposits are potentially novel agents, which might change the therapeutic approach to this disease in the future.
Vinylogous Amides of 2-Methylaminoethanol and Their Behavior with Lithium Aluminum Hydride. Vinylogous Urethanes of Ethanolamines and Their Acetylation (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVinylogous Amides of 2-Methylaminoethanol and Their Behavior with Lithium Aluminum Hydride. Vinylogous Urethanes of Ethanolamines and Their AcetylationGordon N. WalkerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 12, 4227–4232Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01059a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01059a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental characterization of material degradation of solder joint under fatigue loading (2003)

Thermal fatigue damage is a progressive process of material degradation. The objective of this study is to experimentally quantify the material degradation of solder joint in electronic BGA package under thermal fatigue loading. Elastic modulus degradation under thermal cycling, which is considered as a physically detectable quantity of material degradation, was measured by nano-indenter. It was compared with tendency of inelastic strain accumulation of solder joint in BGA package under thermal cycling, which was measured by Moire interferometry. Fatigue damage evolution of solder joint with traditional load-drop criterion was also investigated by strain-stress hysteresis loops from strain-controlled cyclic shear testing of thin layer solder joint. Load-drop tendency from isothermal shear testing was compared with elastic modulus degradation of solder joint under thermal cycling. Following conventional Coffin-Manson approach, S-N curve was obtained from isothermal fatigue testing with load-drop criterion. In this study, thermal fatigue life prediction of solder joint in electronic BGA package was conventionally made based on this Coffin-Mason S-N curve and measured inelastic strain accumulation of solder joint under thermal cycling, and compared with measured elastic modulus degradation tendency. The experimental investigation results will be used for further thermal fatigue damage evolution modeling using thermodynamic continuum damage mechanics theory. The primary contribution of this project is to observe material degradation of BGA solder joints at actual micron scale under thermal fatigue loading, and compare the results with isothermal fatigue response of solder alloys. All previous research on the subject has been done on bulk scale specimens.
A hyphenated microLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS platform for exosomal lipidomics investigations: Application to RCC urinary exosomes (2012)

Urinary exosomes are released from every renal epithelial cell type facing the urinary space and therefore, they may carry molecular markers of renal dysfunction and structural injury. Here, we present a hyphenated microLC-Q-TOF-MS platform for lipidomics studies applied to investigate the urinary exosome lipid repertoire. Lipids were separated by reversed-phase chromatography using a linear gradient of formic acid 0.2% and tetrahydrofuran, in 40 min of analysis. Features (m/z with associated own retention time) were extracted by MarkerLynx(TM) (Waters) and processed, demonstrating good analytical performance in terms of repeatability and mass accuracy of the microLC Q-TOF MS platform. In particular, a stable retention time (RSD less than 4%) and relative intensity (RSD from 2.9% to 11%) were observed. Moreover, the method takes advantages by the use of a lock spray interface (Waters) that allows readjusting the m/z data after acquisition, obtaining inaccuracy below 6 ppm in measuring the m/z value of the reference compound during chromatographic run. The method was employed in a preliminary application to perform comparative analysis from healthy control subjects and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, in order to possibly highlight differences in lipid composition to be exploited as potential tumor biomarker. Differential lipid composition in RCC urinary exosomes was achieved and tentatively identified by accurate mass, providing a preliminary indication of a relationship between lipid composition of urinary exosomes and RCC disease. Among the total features significantly different in RCC exosomes, the ion at m/z 502.3 was taken as an example for molecular confirmation by MS/MS fragmentation analysis.
RF power performance of LDMOSFETs on SOI: an experimental comparison with bulk Si LDMOSFETs (2002)

We have simultaneously fabricated RF power LDMOSFETs on SOI and bulk-silicon wafers using an identical process. This paper directly compares their RF power performance at 1.9 GHz. We use this comparison to assess the suitability of SOI for RF power applications. The gain and linearity of the SOI LDMOSFETs match those of the bulk-silicon devices. The SOI devices exhibit substantially improved power efficiency, up to 8 percentage points. This improvement in PAE is shown to be related to reduced parasitic substrate loss in the SOI LDMOSFETs.
RUNNING INTERFERENCE: Prospects and Obstacles to Using Small Interfering RNAs as Small Molecule Drugs (2006)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a well-conserved, ubiquitous, endogenous mechanism that uses small noncoding RNAs to silence gene expression. The endogenous small RNAs, called microRNAs, are processed from hairpin precursors and regulate important genes involved in cell death, differentiation, and development. RNAi also protects the genome from invading genetic elements, encoded by transposons and viruses. When small double-stranded RNAs, called small interfering (si)RNAs, are introduced into cells, they bind to the endogenous RNAi machinery to disrupt the expression of mRNAs containing complementary sequences with high specificity. Any disease-causing gene and any cell type or tissue can potentially be targeted. This technique has been rapidly utilized for gene-function analysis and drug-target discovery and validation. Harnessing RNAi also holds great promise for therapy, although introducing siRNAs into cells in vivo remains an important obstacle. Pilot siRNA clinical studies began just three years after the discovery that RNAi works in mammalian cells. This review discusses recent progress and obstacles to using siRNAs as small molecule drugs.
Renal Ablation with Absolute Ethanol (1984)

The mechanism of renal ablation by intra-arterial ethanol was studied in 16 mongrel dogs. Ethanol injection rates were varied, and light and electron microscopic studies were performed to detect early parenchymal changes in the kidneys. Pure ischemic injury was also studied as a control. Findings showed extensive parenchymal injury plays a significant role in renal ablation with permanent thrombosis as a delayed event. Acute arterial occlusion occurred with slow ethanol injection rates due to embolization by damaged blood components.
Non-destructive and non-invasive observation of friction and wear of human joints and of fracture initiation by acoustic emission (1999)

Quality control in orthopaedic diagnostics according to DIN EN ISO 9000ff requires methods of non-destructive process control, which do not harm the patient by radiation or by invasive examinations. To obtain an improvement in health economy, quality-controlled and non-destructive measurements have to be introduced into the diagnostics and therapy of human joints and bones. A non-invasive evaluation of the state of wear of human joints and of the cracking tendency of bones is, as of today's point of knowledge, not established. The analysis of acoustic emission signals allows the prediction of bone rupture far below the fracture load. The evaluation of dry and wet bone samples revealed that it is possible to conclude from crack initiation to the bone strength and thus to predict the probability of bone rupture.
Development and validation of transient isotachophoretic capillary zone electrophoresis for determination of peptides (1998)

Although capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is known for its high resolution power and low mass detection limits, the concentration detection limits are rather poor when ultraviolet absorbance detection is used. To overcome this limitation, several on-column transient isotachophoresis (tITP) protocols have been developed and validated for the determination of both cationic and anionic model peptides, separately. Using this preconcentration method, up to 72% of the capillary can be filled with sample solution, without any loss in resolution. Thus, without any modification of the hardware set-up, the sensitivity is increased about two orders of magnitude. For the model cationic peptides (gonadorelin, angiotensin II) good linearity and reproducibility is observed in the 20 to 100 ng/mL concentration range. For the anionic peptides (N-t-Boc-Pentagastrin and two related peptides), a tITP method was developed using a dynamically coated capillary. The coating was prepared by adding Fluorad FC-135 to the leading electrolyte buffer. In this way a positively charged bilayer was formed on the inside of the capillary, producing an electroosmotic flow towards the outlet using reversed polarity conditions. In this way, acceptable analysis times were achieved. Using the developed tITP method, up to 72% of the capillary can be filled with sample solution as well. The anionic peptides are separated even better than when using CZE conditions. Linearity and reproducibility in the 20-100 ng/mL range proved to be excellent.
First-in-human dose-finding study of the ALK/EGFR inhibitor AP26113 in patients with advanced malignancies: Updated results. (2013)

8031 Background: AP26113 is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that potently inhibits mutant activated forms of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK+) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRm), and TKI-resistant forms including L1196M (ALK) and T790M (EGFR). AP26113 does not inhibit native EGFR. Methods: The dose finding phase (3+3 design) of this phase I/II open-label, multicenter study is ongoing in pts with advanced malignancies (except leukemia) refractory to available therapies or for whom no standard treatment exists. Initial dosing is orally once daily. Results: As of 14 Jan 2013, 44 pts were enrolled: 30 mg n=3, 60 mg n=3, 90 mg n=8, 120 mg n=8, 180 mg n=11, 240 mg n=9, 300 mg n=2; 64% female, median age 60 yrs; diagnoses: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, n=37), other (n=7). 26 pts discontinued: 18 disease progression, 6 adverse event (AE), 2 deaths (sudden death, hypoxia; both possibly related). Most common AEs: nausea (45%), fatigue (39%), diarrhea (27%); most common grade 3/4 treatment-related AE: diarrhea (5%). 2 dose limiting toxicities observed: grade 3 ALT increase, 240 mg; grade 4 dyspnea, 300 mg. Doses &lt;300 mg are being explored further. 21 pts had ALK+ history (18 NSCLC, 3 other). Among 18 evaluable ALK+ pts, 10 responded. 15 ALK+ pts had 0 (n=3) or 1 (n=12) prior ALK TKI (crizotinib); of these, 2/3 and 8/12 pts (67%) responded, including 2 complete responses. The longest response is 40 wks (ongoing). 4 of 5 ALK+ pts with untreated or progressing CNS lesions at baseline and with follow-up scans had evidence of radiographic improvement in CNS, including 1 pt resistant to crizotinib and LDK378 (overall response = stable disease). 16 pts had EGFRm history (15 NSCLC, 1 SCLC); 14 pts had ≥1 prior EGFR TKI. Of 12 EGFRm pts with a follow-up scan, 1 pt (prior erlotinib) responded at 120 mg (duration 21 wks, ongoing), 6 pts had stable disease (2 ongoing, duration 7-31 wks). Conclusions: AP26113 has promising anti-tumor activity in ALK+ pts, with initial evidence of activity in EGFRm pts, and is generally well tolerated. Phase II will begin after the recommended phase II dose is determined, with 4 cohorts: crizotinib-naïve NSCLC; crizotinib-resistant NSCLC; EGFR TKI-resistant NSCLC; other tumors. NCT01449461. Clinical trial information: NCT01449461.
El impacto de las TIC en las familias (2006)

En este trabajo se analizan algunos de los cambios que el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones están produciendo en el comportamiento económico de las familias. Las TIC permiten a las familias gestionar más eficientemente sus recursos, al liberar tiempo y dinero para otros usos alternativos. Por otra parte, facilitan que las familias se desenvuelvan en un entorno más integrado y transparente desde el punto de vista informativo, lo que aumenta su capacidad de elección y de negociación. La interacción entre las familias y las TIC es doble: por una parte, los comportamientos sociales y las pautas de consumo se ven modificados por las nuevas posibilidades tecnológicas; pero, por otra, estas se ven también impulsadas por las necesidades de las familias. La penetración de Internet en los hogares españoles ha superado su fase inicial y se encuentra ya en una segunda etapa de consolidación.
Nano Particles Without Macroproblems (2007)

Little by little, nanotechnology has crept up on us. From a mostly academic exercise 20 years ago, it has swiftly progressed to the point where the technology is just about everywhere. However, research into possible environmental and health implications of solvents and other chemicals, including arsine and trichloroethylene, wasn't done at the birth of the industry, before such toxic substances were widespread in the environment. If it had been, we might not be stuck with polluted sites left by manufacturing plants.
1 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PROLIFERATION RESISTANCE OF MATERIALS IN ADVANCED NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLES (2015)

This paper summarizes a study, performed at the request of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), of materials mixtures containing special nuclear materials (SNM) produced in a number of advanced nuclear fuel cycles (NFCs). The primary focus of this study was the SNM-containing final product or mixtures produced during intermediate steps of reprocessing. The list of reprocessing schemes considered in the present study includes: PUREX, UREX+, and COEX. For the SNM in these schemes, we have calculated “attractiveness levels, ” couched in terms chosen for consistency with those normally used for nuclear materials in DOE nuclear facilities.1 Key findings include co-extracting Np with Pu does not alter the Attractiveness Level of the recycled material; transuranics become more attractive with age; dilution of SNM with spent or depleted uranium can lower the Attractiveness Level of SNM by a full letter grade; and dilution of Pu with significant quantities of 238Pu can also lower the Attractiveness Level of Pu by a full letter grade.
Anti-alprenolol anti-idiotypic antibodies bind to beta-adrenergic receptors and modulate catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase. (1980)

Rabbit antibodies induced against alprenolol, a potent beta-adrenergic antagonist, bind to other antagonists, and, with less avidity, to catecholamine agonists. Anti-idiotypic antibodies were raised against the anti-alprenolol immunoglobulins. The anti-idiotypic antibodies specifically bind and agglutinate turkey erythrocytes; this is not observed for human agglutinate turkey erythrocytes; this is not observed for human or sheep erythrocytes, which are devoid of beta-adrenergic receptors. The anti-idiotypic antibodies compete with (--)-[3H]-dihydroalprenolol for binding on the beta-adrenergic receptors on purified turkey erythrocyte membranes. The binding to the membrane-bound receptors is prevented by preincubation of the anti-idiotypic antibodies with their immunogen, the antialprenolol immunoglobulins. The binding to the receptor is not merely passive: the anti-idiotypic antibodies stimulate basal adenylate cyclase activity [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] and enhance adenylate cyclase activation by catecholamine. These observations support the notion that antiidiotypic antibodies may constitute an "internal image" of the original antigen and may mimic its biological effects.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TETRAZOLE CHEMISTRY. A REVIEW (1994)

(1994). RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TETRAZOLE CHEMISTRY. A REVIEW. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 499-531.
Identification of Tumor-Initiating Cells in a p53-Null Mouse Model of Breast Cancer (2008)

Using a syngeneic p53-null mouse mammary gland tumor model that closely mimics human breast cancer, we have identified, by limiting dilution transplantation and in vitro mammosphere assay, a Lin(-)CD29(H)CD24(H) subpopulation of tumor-initiating cells. Upon subsequent transplantation, this subpopulation generated heterogeneous tumors that displayed properties similar to the primary tumor. Analysis of biomarkers suggests the Lin(-)CD29(H)CD24(H) subpopulation may have arisen from a bipotent mammary progenitor. Differentially expressed genes in the Lin(-)CD29(H)CD24(H) mouse mammary gland tumor-initiating cell population include those involved in DNA damage response and repair, as well as genes involved in epigenetic regulation previously shown to be critical for stem cell self-renewal. These studies provide in vitro and in vivo data that support the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis. Furthermore, this p53-null mouse mammary tumor model may allow us to identify new CSC markers and to test the functional importance of these markers.
Mitochondrial Proteomic Analysis of Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer (2012)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death among women with gynecologic malignancies and accounts for approximately 6% of cancer deaths among women. Cisplatin and its analogues form the backbone of the most active chemotherapy regimens in advanced EOC; however, development of platinum resistance is common and typically marks a transition in which curing the patient is no longer possible. An emerging theme in many cancers is that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to an aggressive carcinogenic phenotype. We hypothesized that changes in the mitochondrial proteome are required to support development of cisplatin resistance in human EOC. To investigate this hypothesis, an organellar proteomics approach was utilized to quantify alterations in protein abundance in mitochondria enriched from isogenic cisplatin-sensitive (A2780) and -resistant (A2780-CP20) human EOC cells. Protein isolates from mitochondria-enriched fractions were analyzed by high resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and relative abundance of identified proteins was quantified by spectral counting. Pathway analyses revealed significant increases in notch signaling pathways, cell survival, and alternate apoptotic pathways in the A2780-CP20 subtype. Among the alterations identified in the mitochondrial proteomic composition in cisplatin-resistant EOC cells, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (AKAP12) and A kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12) were elevated, while nestin was diminished in the mitochondrial fraction of A2780-CP20 relative to A2780. This was verified by immunoblot analysis. These results confirm that important changes in the mitochondrial proteome, many of which promote evasion of apoptosis and tumor invasiveness and metastasis, are present in cisplatin-resistant EOC.
Localized Functionalization of Single Nanopores (2006)

Chemical functionality is localized at the entrance of single nanopores using the controlled growth of an oxide ring. Nanopores fabricated by focused-ion-beam machining on silicon platforms (see Figure and Cover) are locally functionalized by ion-beam-assisted oxide deposition followed by immobilization of DNA probes via silane chemistry. Ion-current measurements are used to demonstrate nanopore functionalization.