gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Nocturnal Symptoms Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease on Health-Related Quality of Life (2001)

Nocturnal symptoms are commonly experienced by individuals who report frequent GERD symptoms. In addition, HRQL is significantly impaired in those persons who report frequent GERD symptoms, and HRQL impairment is exacerbated in those who report nocturnal GERD symptoms.
Walnut Allergy in Peanut-Allergic Patients: Significance of Sequential Epitopes of Walnut Homologous to Linear Epitopes of Ara h 1, 2 and 3 in Relation to Clinical Reactivity (2011)

Our results indicate that although they share a rather high degree of homology with the corresponding regions of walnut allergens, the sequence stretches previously identified as sequential IgE binding epitopes of Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 have no IgE binding equivalents in walnut allergens.
Quotidian Nocturnal Hemodialysis Improves Cytokine Profile and Enhances Erythropoietin Responsiveness (2005)

Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of erythropoietin (EPO) resistance in patients with end-stage renal disease. Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are suggested to suppress erythropoiesis in uremia. Insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1 has been proposed to stimulate erythropoiesis. Nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD) has been demonstrated to improve anemia management with enhanced EPO responsiveness without altering survival of red blood cells. We tested the hypothesis that augmentation of uremia clearance by NHD results in a reduction of proinflammatory cytokine levels, thereby enhancing EPO responsiveness. Using a cross-sectional study design, 14 prevalent patients on NHD and 14 patients on conventional hemodialysis (CHD) matched for age and comorbidities and controlled for hemoglobin concentrations and iron status were studied. Outcome variables included EPO requirement and plasma levels of EPO, parathyroid hormone, C reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IGF-1. The primary outcome was to determine the between group differences in (1) cytokine profile and (2) EPO requirement. The secondary outcome was to examine the potential correlation between cytokine levels and EPO requirement. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics, comorbidities, hemoglobin, iron indices, and parathyroid hormone levels between the two cohorts. EPO requirement was significantly lower in the NHD cohort [90.5 +/- 22.1 U/kg/ week (NHD) vs. 167.2 +/- 25.4 U/kg/week (CHD), p = 0.04]. Plasma IL-6 levels were lower in the NHD cohort [3.9 +/- 0.7 pg/ml (NHD) vs. 6.5 +/- 0.8 pg/ml (CHD), p = 0.04]. C reactive protein tended to decrease [4.59 +/- 1.34 (NHD) vs. 8.43 +/- 1.83 mg/L (CHD), p = 0.14]. TNF-alpha, and IGF-1 levels did not differ between the two groups. Direct associations were found between EPO requirement and C reactive protein levels (R = 0.62, p = 0.001), and IL-6 levels (R = 0.57, p = 0.002). Augmentation of uremic clearance by NHD improves EPO responsiveness in end-stage renal disease. A possible mechanism for this improvement is through better control of inflammation, as manifested by lowering of plasma IL-6 levels. Further studies are required to clarify the mechanisms by which NHD decreases inflammation.
Treatment of Infantile Fibrosarcoma With Chemotherapy and Surgery: Results From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children's Hospital, Boston (2002)

Previously reported series of treatment outcomes in infantile fibrosarcoma have been limited to very few patients due to the rare occurrence of this tumor. In our experience, initial chemotherapy combined with surgery has been successful for most cases. When disease progression occurred, it was within one year of diagnosis. There was no development of distant metastases in the patients with progressive disease. The role of additional chemotherapy for microscopic margins after local control is not clear. We found a high incidence of the TEL/TRKC fusion gene, confirming its utility in diagnosis. We propose a uniform approach to treatment to gather clinical and biologic information about this rare and curable disease.
Insect feeding on cucumber mediated by rhizobacteria‐induced plant resistance (1997)

Abstract Select strains of plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were evaluated in greenhouse experiments with cucumber for induction of resistance against cucumber beetle ( Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber) feeding and the beetle‐transmitted cucurbit wilt disease. When beetles were given a choice between PGPR‐treated and nontreated cucumber, their feeding on stems and cotyledons and the severity of wilt symptoms were significantly lower on PGPR‐treated plants. HPLC analysis demonstrated that cotyledons from PGPR‐treated plants contained significantly lower concentrations of the cucumber beetle feeding stimulant cucurbitacin than nontreated plants. These results suggest that a mechanism for PGPR‐induced resistance against cucumber beetle feeding may involve a change in the metabolic pathway for cucurbitacin synthesis.
Differential roles for small leucine-rich proteoglycans in bone formation (2003)

This paper reviews our current state of knowledge of the roles the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) play in the formation of connective tissue and mineralised tissue matrices. Both, the SLRPs biglycan and decorin are highly expressed in extracellular bone matrix and there is now substantial evidence to support an increasing role for biglycan and decorin in influencing bone cell differentiation and proliferative activity. In addition decorin and biglycan have been implicated in regulating mineral deposition and crystal morphology, whilst decorin has also roles in organic matrix assembly. In order to further assess the role of these SLRPs during bone formation we have initiated studies investigating primary bone cell culture models from rats (bone marrow stromal cells, and bone cells from alveolar bone explants), and identified periods relating to cell proliferation, organic matrix deposition, remodelling of the osteoid, and mineral deposition. Analysis of mRNA levels and the nature of the proteoglycan demonstrated that dermatan sulphate substituted biglycan was expressed during phases relating to cell proliferation, ceased at early matrix deposition, and then biglycan was re-expressed at the onset of mineralisation, but was conjugated to chondroitin sulphate. Decorin was expressed later than biglycan, was associated with early matrix deposition, but then continued to the mineralisation stages. Again, dermatan sulphate-decorin prevailed earlier within osteoid matrix, whilst chondroitin sulphate-decorin predominated later within the mineralizing matrix. The nature of the GAG chain conjugated to SLRP and the timing of its expression would seem to dictate the functions biglycan and decorin play in bone formation.
Architectural issues in designing symbolic processors in optics (1987)

This paper analyzes potential optical architectures for AI applications (such as knowledge-based systems). Our goal was to investigate architectures most suitable for implementation completely in optics. While optical computing appears to hold much promise because of its inherent parallelism and speed, constructing a symbolic processor or even a general purpose computer in optics requires examining many issues never before addressed. This paper presents these issues and discusses those architectures which appear most feasible in optics. We take into account fundamental physical limitations as well as the state-of-the-art optical device research. We conclude that, unlike in electronics, large-grained parallelism is not suitable for implementation in optics. We also find that functional languages, rather than logic languages, are better candidates for optics. Finally, we show that implementing an optical symbolic processor warrants the need for a real, or at least an emulated, addressable memory in optics.
Analog-to-digital conversion with unlatched SQUID's (1980)

Digital Josephson circuits that do not latch into the voltage state provide an opportunity for high-speed serial processing. These fast logic gates must ultimately generate and record small fast pulses generated by single fluxoid events. This is demonstrated in a concept for a high-speed analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. Low β-value unlatched SQUID's are used throughout for ultimate speed, sensitivity, and simplicity. The analog signal is quantized by a single-junction SQUID and converted into a pulse train resulting from fluxoid transitions. These are counted in a chain of bistable two-junction SQUID's which successively scale the pulse train by a factor 2. These SQUID's perform both logic and memory functions at the single fluxoid level. The bit count stored in the array is gated out each sampling interval to provide the digitized signal. The performance of this device has been simulated and criteria established for the unlatched SQUID design. These include dimensionality, impedance, damping, intra- and inter-SQUID delays and β factor. Large analog dynamic range is available with the high intrinsic linearity of the SQUID quantizer and a long chain of scalers.
Pressure Porosimeter and Determination of Complete Macropore-Size Distributions. Pressure Porosimeter and Determination of Complete Macropore-Size Distributions (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPressure Porosimeter and Determination of Complete Macropore-Size Distributions. Pressure Porosimeter and Determination of Complete Macropore-Size DistributionsH.L. Ritter and L.C. DrakeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1945, 17, 12, 782–786Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i560148a013https://doi.org/10.1021/i560148a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2927Altmetric-Citations336LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Decreased expression of GST pi is correlated with a poor prognosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma (2010)

Our results show that GST pi expression is down regulated in the squamous esophageal carcinoma, and that the lack of GST pi expression is associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, deficiency of GST pi protein expression may be an important mechanism involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of the squamous esophageal carcinoma, and the underlying mechanisms leading to decreased GST pi expression deserve further investigation.
DIRECT POSITIONING AND ORIENTATION SYSTEMS HOW DO THEY WORK? WHAT IS THE ATTAINABLE ACCURACY? (2001)

This paper describes how position and orientation measurement systems are used to directly georeference airborne imagery data, and presents the accuracies that are attainable for the final mapping products. The Applanix Position and Orientation System for Airborne Vehicles (POS/AVTM) has been used successfully since 1994 to georeference airborne data collected from multispectral and hyperspectral scanners, LIDAR’s, and film and digital cameras. The POS / AVTM uses integrated inertial/GPS technology to directly compute the position and orientation of the airborne sensor with respect to the local mapping frame. A description of the POS/AVTM system is given, along with an overview of the sensors used and the theory behind the integrated inertial/GPS processing. An error analysis for the airborne direct georeferencing technique is then presented. Firstly, theoretical analysis is used to determine the attainable positioning accuracy of ground objects using only camera position, attitude, and image data, without ground control. Besides theoretical error analysis, a practical error analysis was done to present actual results using only the POS data plus digital imagery without ground control except for QA/QC. The results show that the use of POS/AV enables a variety of mapping products to be generated from airborne navigation and imagery data without the use of ground control.
Selective Early Production of CCL20, or Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 3α, by Human Mast Cells in Response toPseudomonas aeruginosa (2002)

Mast cells are important as sentinel cells in host defense against bacterial infection. Much of their effectiveness depends upon recruiting other immune cells; however, little is known about the mechanisms of this response. CCL20, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein-3alpha (MIP-3alpha), Exodus, and LARC, is a chemokine known to be a potent chemoattractant for immature dendritic cells and T cells. In this study, we examined the human mast cell production of both CCL20 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a critical cytokine for innate immune responses in the lung, in response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the human mast cells (HMC-1) express CCL20 mRNA and are able to produce a significant amount (32.4 ng/ml) of CCL20 protein following stimulation by calcium ionophore and phorbol myristate acetate. Importantly, P. aeruginosa potently stimulated CCL20 production in human cord blood-derived mast cells (CBMC), with production peaking at 6 h after stimulation. This time course of expression was distinct from that of GM-CSF, which peaked after 24 to 48 h. Significant CCL20 production did not occur following immunoglobulin E-mediated activation of CBMC under conditions which induced a substantial GM-CSF response. Interestingly, the CCL20 response of mast cells to P. aeruginosa was relatively resistant to inhibition by the corticosteroid dexamethasone, interleukin-10, or cyclosporine, while GM-CSF production was potently inhibited. However, P. aeruginosa-induced CCL20 production was blocked by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Ro 31-8220 and a PKC pseudosubstrate. These results support a role for human mast cells in the initiation of immune responses to P. aeruginosa infection.
Characterization of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase of Arabidopsis thaliana, a key enzyme in dolichol biosynthesis (2000)

The enzyme dehydrodolichyl diphosphate (dedol-PP) synthase is a cis-prenyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of dedol-PP, the long-chain polyprenyl diphosphate used as a precursor for the synthesis of dolichyl phosphate. Here we report the cloning and characterization of a cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana encoding dedol-PP synthase. The identity of the cloned enzyme was confirmed by functional complementation of a yeast mutant strain defective in dedol-PP synthase activity together with the detection of high levels of dedol-PP synthase activity in the transformed yeast mutant. The A. thaliana dedol-PP synthase mRNA was detected at high levels in roots but was hardly detected in flowers, leaves, stems and in A. thaliana suspension-cultured cells.
Interferon gamma in rheumatoid arthritis--a double blind study comparing human recombinant interferon gamma with placebo. (1988)

A double blind trial comparing recominant interferon gamma (IFN gamma) with placebo in rheumatoid arthritis is presented. Twenty-six patients entered the study and 22 completed the 6-month period. IFN gamma was administered subcutaneously as was placebo; the 1st week, patients treated with the active compound received a daily subcutaneous injection of 100 micrograms of IFN gamma and for the following 23 weeks the schedule was decreased to 2 injections of 100 micrograms every week. No serious side effects were observed. After Week 24 the group treated with the active compound showed a significant decrease of the joint tenderness score and the placebo group showed a significant increase of the number of subcutaneous nodules. All other variables shifted in favour of the active compound but not significantly. More double blind trials with a larger number of patients and using other treatment schedules or other routes of administration are required.
Molecular Classification and Survival Prediction in Human Gliomas Based on Proteome Analysis (2004)

The biological features of gliomas, which are characterized by highly heterogeneous biological aggressiveness even in the same histological category, would be precisely described by global gene expression data at the protein level. We investigated whether proteome analysis based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry can identify differences in protein expression between high- and low-grade glioma tissues. Proteome profiling patterns were compared in 85 tissue samples: 52 glioblastoma multiforme, 13 anaplastic astrocytomas, 10 atrocytomas, and 10 normal brain tissues. We could completely distinguish the normal brain tissues from glioma tissues by cluster analysis based on the proteome profiling patterns. Proteome-based clustering significantly correlated with the patient survival, and we could identify a biologically distinct subset of astrocytomas with aggressive nature. Discriminant analysis extracted a set of 37 proteins differentially expressed based on histological grading. Among them, many of the proteins that were increased in high-grade gliomas were categorized as signal transduction proteins, including small G-proteins. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the expression of identified proteins in glioma tissues. The present study shows that proteome analysis is useful to develop a novel system for the prediction of biological aggressiveness of gliomas. The proteins identified here could be novel biomarkers for survival prediction and rational targets for antiglioma therapy.
Selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2000)

The tyrosine specific protein kinases (TK) are a subgroup of the largest known gene family, the kinases. Latest estimates suggest that there are over 2000 kinases encoded in the human genome [1]. TKs catalyse the transfer of phosphate to the phenolic hydroxyl of tyrosine residues in substrate proteins, consequently modifying the target protein properties. By working in concert with tyrosine phosphatases, which drive the reverse process, the TKs provide a switching system resulting in the transduction of signals from cell surface receptor to the nucleus. Inappropriate activation of TKs can lead to abnormal, dysregulated cellular proliferation and many of the known oncogenes are kinases. Naturally, there has been great interest in TKs as potential molecular targets for developing drugs for the treatment of cancer and results from the first clinical trials are now being published. Preclinical research is also focused on other therapeutic applications of TK inhibitors. This review concentrates on TK inhibitors which are either already in the clinic or likely to enter Phase I studies in the near future.
Multiyear therapeutic benefit of AAV serotypes 2, 6, and 8 delivering factor VIII to hemophilia A mice and dogs (2006)

Hemophilia A, a deficiency of functional coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), is treated via protein replacement therapy. Restoring 1% to 5% of normal blood FVIII activity prevents spontaneous bleeding, making the disease an attractive gene therapy target. Previously, we have demonstrated short-term activity of a liver-specific AAV2 vector expressing canine B-domain-deleted FVIII (cFVIII) in a hemophilia canine model. Here, we report the long-term efficacy and safety of AAV-cFVIII vectors of serotypes 2, 5, 6, and 8 in both hemophilia A mice and dogs. AAV6-cFVIII and AAV8-cFVIII restored physiologic levels of plasma FVIII activity in hemophilia A mice. The improved efficacy is attributed to more efficient gene transfer in liver compared with AAV2 and AAV5. However, supraphysiologic cFVIII levels correlated with the formation of cFVIII-neutralizing antibodies in these mice. Of importance, hemophilia A dogs that received AAV2-cFVIII, AAV6-cFVIII, and AAV8-cFVIII have persistently expressed therapeutic levels of FVIII, without antibody formation or other toxicities, for more than 3 years. However, liver transduction efficiencies are similar between AAV2, AAV6, and AAV8 serotypes in hemophilia A dogs, in contrast to mice. In summary, this is the first report demonstrating multiyear therapeutic efficacy and safety of multiple AAV-cFVIII vectors in hemophilia A dogs and provides the basis for human clinical studies.
Phenobarbital induction of cytochrome P-450 gene expression (1992)

Research Article| February 01 1992 Phenobarbital induction of cytochrome P-450 gene expression D J Waxman; D J Waxman 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA., 02115, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar L Azaroff L Azaroff 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA., 02115, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1992) 281 (3): 577–592. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2810577 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D J Waxman, L Azaroff; Phenobarbital induction of cytochrome P-450 gene expression. Biochem J 1 February 1992; 281 (3): 577–592. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2810577 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 The Biochemical Society, London1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Research Progress in Precipitation Chemistry in China (2009)

The acid rain area in China is one of the three main acid rain areas in the world , next to Europe and North America. Most acid deposition investigations have been concerned with precipitation chemistry in China. The results for precipitation chemistry of China obtained by Chinese and foreign researchers are overviewed in this paper. Major conclusions are : High H + concentrations of precipitation have occurred in South and South Western China which have become areas with the highest acidity of precipitation in the world ; The pollution of precipitation in China is still sulfur type with a trend to sulfuric2nitrous mixed type ; Concentrations of dominant anions (SO4 2 - and NO3 - ) and cations (NH4 + and Ca 2 + ) in precipitation are much higher than that in Europe and North America ; The high acidity and ionic concentration in precipitation at alpine sites and cloud - water in eastern and southern China indicates that upper air has been polluted seriously ; Characteristics of precipitation chemistry in different areas of China and the origins of acid rain formation have been discussed ; Finally , future research is suggested.