gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blowing Circulation Control on a Seaplane Airfoil (2011)

RANS simulations are presented for blowing circulation control on a seaplane airfoil. Realizable k‐epsilon turbulent model and pressure‐based coupled algorithm with second‐order discretization were adopted to simulate the compressible flow. Both clear and simple flap configuration were simulated with blowing momentum coefficient Cμ = 0, 0.15 and 0.30. The results show that blowing near the airfoil trailing edge could enhance the Coanda effect, delay the flow separation, and increase the lift coefficient dramatically. The blowing circulation control is promising to apply to taking off and landing of an amphibious aircraft or seaplane.
Tethering of the vertebral artery in the congenital arcuate foramen of the atlas vertebra: a possible cause of vertebral artery dissection in children (2001)

Twelve children with vertebrobasilar artery stroke are reported (seven males, five females; aged 6 months to 15 years). Patient 1 showed an arcuate foramen in the posterior arch of the atlas, an anatomical variant occurring in 3 to 15% of the population. It was hypothesized that the presence of the arcuate foramen might cause tethering of the vertebral artery and lead to its dissection by repetitive trauma. Lateral plain films of the cervical spine in cases of posterior circulation stroke were taken. Eight of 11 patients showed aberrant arcuate foramina. Of the remaining three patients, one had normal cervical spine X-rays, one had an absent right posterior arch of the atlas following previous surgery for a cervical meningocele, and one patient had incomplete ossification of the vertebrae. Seven of the nine patients with arcuate foramina had vertebral angiograms. In all cases this showed the vertebral artery passing through the arcuate foramen before entering the brain and an appearance consistent with arterial dissection and occlusion at the same site below the foramen. Most documented cases of posterior circulation stroke in children follow trauma, which may be minimal or repetitive, with thrombotic occlusion of the artery at C1-C2 level. The association with an arcuate foramen and its possible causative role in the genesis of posterior circulation stroke in children has not been previously recognized. There may be a causal association between the presence of an arcuate foramen, tethering of the vertebral artery in the foramen, and dissection from repetitive trauma with movement of the neck.
Hidden Surface Removal Algorithms for Curved Surfaces (1994)

Computing the visible portions of curved surfaces from a given viewpoint is of great interest in many applications. It is closely related to the hidden surface removal problem in computer graphics and machining applications in manufacturing. Most of the earlier work has focused on discrete methods based on polygonization or ray-tracing and hidden curve removal. In this paper we present an algorithm for hidden surface computations on curved surfaces. Given a viewpoint, it decomposes the domain of each surface based on silhouettes and boundary curves. To compute the exact visibility, we introduce a notion of &amp;quot;visibility curves&amp;quot; obtained by projection of silhouette and boundary curves and decomposing the surface into non-overlapping regions. These curves are computed using marching methods and we present techniques to compute all the components. The non-overlapping and visible portions of the surface are represented as trimmed surfaces and we present a representation based on polygon trap...
Hypoxia induces endothelial cells to increase their adherence for neutrophils: role of PAF (1992)

We investigated the interactions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and endothelial cells in myocardial ischemia using a hypoxia model. We exposed porcine aortic (PAEC) and porcine coronary microvessel (PCMEC) endothelial cells to 2% O2 for 2 h (PO2 = 53 mmHg) and measured the adherence of unstimulated neutrophils (PMN) to both control and hypoxia-conditioned endothelial cell monolayers. Hypoxia conditioning increased PMN adherence to PAEC and PCMEC by 51 and 101%, respectively, above control levels. The increase in PMN adhesion to PAEC was associated with a threefold increase in endothelial cell-associated platelet-activating factor (PAF) compared with control PAEC. The conditioned media from PAEC exposed to hypoxia also contained sixfold more PAF than control conditioned media, and it activated PMN to become adherent to untreated PAEC. The hypoxia-induced PAEC adhesion response was inhibited by preincubating PMN with the specific PAF receptor antagonist, L-659,989. We conclude that PAF is produced by cultured endothelial cells in response to hypoxia and that PAF generation is chiefly responsible for the increased adherence properties of hypoxia-conditioned endothelial cells. This response may play a major role in regulating PMN margination during myocardial ischemia.
Benzimidazole N-Oxides. VIII. The Reactivity of Ethyl 1-Methyl-2-benzimidazolecarboxylate 3-Oxide and the Related Compounds (1968)

Ethyl 1-methyl-2-benzimidazolecarboxylate 3-oxide (XVII) was synthesized from 1-methyl-2-benzimidazolecarboxaldehyde oxime 3-oxide via the corresponding nitrile (III) and imido ester (XIII). Both reactions of III and XIII with potassium hydroxide gave 1-methyl-2-benzimidazolol 3-oxide. From III, 2-carboxamide (XI), 2-thiocarboxamide derivatives and 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-benzimidazolecarbonitrile were obtained. L-2-(6-Hydroxy-1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-△2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid was synthesized from III, which has an analogous structure to firefly luciferin but it was inactive as far as light production was concerned. From XIII, 2-amidrazone, 2-tetrazole derivative and 1, 1'-dimethyl-2, 2'-bibenzimidazole 3-oxide were prepared. Hydrolysis of III and XIII with hydrochloric acid gave 1-methylbenzimidazole 3-oxide. The corresponding amide XI, acid hydrazide and hydroxamic acid were obtained from XVII. Reaction of XVII with piperidine did not give the corresponding amide but a mixture of 1-methylbenzimidazole 3-oxide and piperidine urethan. 3-(α, β-Dimethoxycarbonyl-β-hydroxyvinyl)-2-ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylbenzimidazolium betaine was prepared from XVII and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.
Multi-component cross entropy segmentation for color image retrieval (2002)

This paper presents an adaptive color image segmentation method based on cross entropy minimization. This method is a multi-component approach and provides a hierarchical partitioning of the 3D color space using spherical neighbourhoods. The number of dominant colors (classes) issued from this segmentation is automatically estimated. This avoids an a priori estimation of the number of final classes. The segmentation method is then applied for image retrieval purposes. Local and global descriptors are defined in order to characterize the color feature of these classes. The local descriptors provide information about the local activity in the image class per class, and the global ones evaluate the qualitative image content. Their combination increases significantly the performance of the image retrieval system presented in this paper.
Structure and some characterization of the gene for phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase from rice plants (1989)

A nearly full-length cDNA and a genomic clone were isolated that encoded the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) of rice plants, and the complete nucleotide sequences were determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 701 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence is highly similar to that of PAL from Phaseolus vulgaris deduced from an incomplete cDNA fragment. The cloned gene spans 4412 bp and consists of two exons and one intron. The site of initiation of transcription was located -86 nucleotides (position 1) upstream from the translational initiation codon by the primer-extension method. Sequences analogous to TATA-box and GC-box were found in the 5'-upstream region from the transcriptional initiation site. Southern blot analysis showed that the PAL gene of rice plants exists as a small multi-gene family. Within this family, the genomic clone isolated in this study was shown to be responsive by light. This also indicated that this genomic sequence functions as a gene for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in rice plants in vivo.
Science and Technology Education - Cooperate or Die! (1997)

Science and Technology Education, by its nature requires a significant practical component if graduates with the necessary skills are to be produced. Currently in New Zealand this practical component has been affected by the costs of provision of this component. For example one of our major universities has slashed its higher level practical courses in Science by more than 40%. Additionally a number of the smaller tertiary institutions are finding it cost-inefficient to continue to offer courses in Science and Technology. This is happening at a time where demand for Science and Technology skills internationally are predicted to escalate dramatically. This paper proposes a twofold approach to this problem in New Zealand: the formation of national consortia to offer degrees; and the more efficient usage of laboratory/practical areas in tertiary institutions.
Countermeasures for ameliorating in-flight immune dysfunction (1993)

We analyzed immune disturbances caused by the influence of spaceflight factors and proposed approaches for their correction. First, we determined the significant resistance of humoral immunity to the action of spaceflight factors, for example, B cell and immunoglobulin content, B cell reactivity to lipopolysaccharide, and distribution of B cell clones to trinitrophenyl (TNP group). A brief reversible increase of IgA and/or IgG concentration was the most characteristic shift observed. However, we noted prominent changes of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, such as decreases in the content and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) reactivity of T lymphocytes, reduced T helper activity, and a reduction in NK cell cytotoxic activity in humans and animals during prolonged, spaceflights. Rat bone marrow cells showed a decreased response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Studies with rat lymph node cells showed that microgravity and spaceflight stressors may influence lymphocytes in a tissue-specific manner. In experiments on isolated cells, human lymphocytes produced interferon more intensively in a reduced-gravity (microgravity) environment than under terrestrial conditions. However, lymphocyte activation by concanavalin A was sharply suppressed. Under microgravity conditions the transfer of activating signal to protein kinase C was strongly reduced. Thus, in-flight disturbances of T and NK cell functions are quite significant and could cause some diseases. However, to date the in-flight immune dysfunctions have not been excessive. Probably, we are mainly dealing with a complex of changes of immunity in space that is similar to that in the presence of acute stress. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider stress-related immunotherapy approaches in the practice of space medicine. The most effective methods and approaches of modern immunotherapy, such as artificial vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and immunoconjugates, recombinant cytokines, or immunomodulators etc, are also reviewed.
[Comparative studies of the response of normolipemic and dyslipemic aged subjects to 2 forms of delayed-action nicotinic acid polyesters. Pentaerythrotol tetranicotinate and inositol hexanicotinate. Results of a controlled cross-over trial]. (1978)

A cross-over trial was run to compare the effects of two delayed-action nicotinic acid polyesters (pentaerythritol-tetranticotinate, PETN, and inositol-hexanicotinate, MIEN) in 59 aged normo- and dyslipaemic subjects. PETN tended to normalise the lipid picture in much the same way as nicotin acid, without a drastic effect on circulating lipids and lipoproteins. MIEN, on the other hand, had only a slight effect on total blood lipids, and appeared to be ineffective or negative with respect to the other lipid parameters. PETN proved capable of releasing active concentrations of nicotinic acid in vivo for a period of time that was sufficient to correct hyperlipaemia in age subjects. The side-effects were slight, infrequent and quickly reversible.
Femoral Version Abnormalities Significantly Outweigh Effect of Cam Impingement on Hip Internal Rotation (2018)

It is common clinical practice to ascribe loss of hip internal rotation to the presence of a cam lesion and to assume that arthroscopic femoral osteoplasty will substantially improve internal rotation postoperatively. Our study shows that the cam lesion is more intimately tied to hip flexion than to hip internal rotation. This result directly impacts the clinical assessment of a patient presenting with radiographic findings of FAI.
Efficacy of an Attachable Subcutaneous Cuff for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection (1989)

We performed a randomized controlled trial of an attachable subcutaneous cuff for the prevention of central vascular catheter-related infection among patients receiving intensive care. Catheters were placed percutaneously into new sites with or without a cuff and were dressed with polyantibiotic ointment containing polymyxin, neomycin, and bacitracin. Microbial colonization developed in 34.5% of 29 control and 7.7% of 26 cuffed catheters. Catheter-related bloodstream infection occurred with 13.8% of control vs 0% of cuffed catheters. The cuff was not associated with adverse effects. An unexpectedly large proportion (75%) of catheter infections were due to Candida albicans. This may have been due, in part, to the use of polyantibiotic ointment, as suggested by a pooled analysis of previous trials that demonstrated increased Candida colonization of catheters with the ointment, which is not fungicidal. These data suggest that the cuff can reduce the incidence of catheter-related infection among high-risk patients receiving catheter site care with an antibacterial ointment.
Benefits of merging command selection and direct manipulation (2005)

Toolglass [Bier et al. 1993] demonstrated a two-handed command selection technique that combined command selection and direct manipulation. While empirical evaluations showed a speed advantage for ToolGlass, they did not examine the relative importance of two possible factors in its improved performance: (1) the use of two hands and (2) the merging of command selection and direct manipulation.We conducted a study comparing the relative benefits of three command selection techniques that merge command selection and direct manipulation: one two-handed technique, Toolglass, and two one-handed techniques, namely, control menus [Pook et al. 2000] and FlowMenu [Guimbretière and Winograd 2000]. Participants performed sequences of operations that required both selecting a color and designating the endpoints of a line. Our results show that control menus and FlowMenu are significantly faster than Toolglass. Further analysis suggests that the merging of command selection and direct manipulation is the most important factor in the performance of all three techniques.
Safety and early efficacy of irreversible electroporation for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures (2012)

IRE appears to be a safe treatment for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures. Further prospective evaluation is needed to determine the optimal effectiveness of IRE in relation to size and technique for IRE of the liver.
Stigmatic RNase in calamondin (Citrus reticulata var. austera x Fortunella sp.) (1995)

In calamondin. which is self‐compatible, ribonuclease (RNase) activity was found in the stigmatic diffusate. Tissue print experiments using calamondin styles demonstrated that most of the RNase is localized in the stigma. Stigmatic RNase activity was monitored at different developmental stages of the flower and was found to peak at anthesis. An SDS‐PAGE‐zymogram indicated the molecular mass of this RNase to be 24 kDa. In vitro germination of calamondin pollen showed a higher percentage of germination in the presence of diffusate from one stigma than in the control. However, diffusates from 3.5 and 7 stigmata per 100 μl aliquots of growth medium, exhibiting 15. 25 and 35 units ml −1 RNase activity, respectively, had successively stronger inhibition effects on the percentage of germination. Diffusate from 7 stigmata inhibited pollen tube elongation, as well as pollen germination. Both the 24‐kDa Stigmatic RNase and RNase TI significantly inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. In pollen tubes treated with either the 24‐kDa stigmatic RNase or RNase TI, considerable deposition of callose was observed, as compared to the control which had only a thin callosic cell wall.
PULSTORE.: Automated Storage Management with QoS Guarantee in (2005)

Traditionally storage has been purchased and attached to a single computer system. Such storage is accessible only through the computer system to which it is locally attached. In the last 10 years, especially in corporate data centers, storage is being increasingly purchased independent of the processors, and independently managed and administered. Because of the standardization of disk IO protocols, storage can be easily shared amongst various heterogeneous processors running various applications. The shared storage is accessed over a network interconnecting the processors to the shared disk subsystem, known as the storage area network - a network on which processors send IO calls to virtual disks. It is the task of the storage controller to manage the mapping of virtual disks to physical disks, a task known as storage virtualization, similar to memory virtualization of processors. The storage virtualization layer has been exploited to provide diverse storage functions. If a reasonable prediction of IO workload can be made, the storage virtualization layer could optimize the mapping of physical disks to virtual disks to satisfy applications' IO response time requirements. In this paper, we tackle the problems of moving data in a storage hierarchy under both capacity/performance constraints and on-demand resource provisioning constraints
Synthesis of (+-)-nuciferal (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (+-)-nuciferalGeorge Buechi and Hans WuestCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 4, 1122–1123Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01256a076https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01256a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1346Altmetric-Citations129LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prognostic value of neurohumoral activation in patients with an acute myocardial infarction: Effect of captopril (1994)

Neurohumoral activation at the time of hospital discharge in postinfarction patients is an independent sign of poor prognosis. This is particularly true for plasma renin activity and atrial natriuretic peptide. Except for 1-year cardiovascular mortality, captopril does not significantly modify these relations.
Plasma SIV RNA Viral Load Determination by Real-Time Quantification of Product Generation in Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (1998)

Internally controlled RT-PCR methods (QC-RT-PCR) for quantification of SIV RNA are effective, but are relatively cumbersome, expensive, and time and labor intensive. For greater throughput and efficiency, we have developed a method for quantification of plasma SIV RNA levels by real-time RT-PCR using the Applied Biosystems Prism 7700 sequence detection system. This assay format allows real-time kinetic analysis of PCR product generation, providing a broad linear dynamic range and ensuring that quantification is based on analysis during the exponential phase of amplification, regardless of the input template copy number. Simultaneous amplification and analysis eliminates any requirement for handling amplified products, increasing throughput and eliminating a potential source of assay contamination. The assay we have developed for quantification of SIV RNA has a nominal threshold sensitivity of 300 copy Eq/ml of plasma, although as little as 10 copy Eq/reaction of SIV RNA template can be detected. The linear dynamic range is in excess of 5 logs. Interassay reproducibility averages 25% (coefficient of variation), based on studies of extraction and analysis of replicate aliquots of the same plasma specimens. The combination of sensitivity, precision, and broad dynamic range allows reliable quantification of viral load even during dynamic phases of SIV infection, such as through the onset and resolution of primary infection, or during treatment with antiretroviral agents. The primer-probe combinations we have developed allow quantification of SIV isolates most commonly used for experimental studies. Availability of this assay should greatly facilitate studies of basic pathogenesis and evaluation of therapeutic and prophylactic approaches in the SIV-infected macaque.
Disease mechanism and biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (2006)

Purpose of review This review focuses on oral cancer disease mechanisms and discusses ongoing research to identify molecular signatures or biomarkers for oral cancer. Other areas covered include the analysis, validation, and predictive value of these markers. Recent findings During the past years, progress has been made in the oral cancer genetic markers field, which includes alterations of the p53 tumor suppressor protein, the inactivation of cyclin dependant kinase inhibitors (e.g. p16) and the overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Many of these markers are thought to have potential clinical interest, yet few of them are being used in a clinical setting for oral cancer management. The particular modifications that characterize each step of oral cancer progression can now be profiled by several high throughput discovery techniques. Genomic and proteomic studies of oral cancer tissues, plasma, and saliva of oral cancer patients, have allowed the identification of several promising cancer signatures. Summary Important progress has been made in the molecular understanding of oral cancer and its application for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. The increased efforts in translational research will result in earlier diagnosis of oral cancer, better knowledge of prognostic factors, and the development of targeted treatment regimens based on patients' clinical and biological characteristics at presentation.