gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complete nucleotide sequence of a human c-onc gene: deduced amino acid sequence of the human c-fos protein. (1983)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the c-fos(human) gene, the human cellular homolog of the oncogene (v-fos) of Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins murine osteosarcoma virus, has been determined. The c-fos(human) gene contains four discontinuous regions when compared with the v-fos gene. Three of the discontinuities are flanked by sequences characteristic of introns, while the fourth discontinuity is due to a deletion of 104 base pairs in the v-fos gene. As a consequence of the deletion, the predicted c-fos(human) and v-fos gene products differ at their carboxyl termini. Transcripts of 2.2 kilobases from the c-fos(human) gene have been identified in human cells. The sizes of these transcripts are in close agreement with the size expected from the nucleotide sequence after removal of introns.
Carbamate analogs of oligonucleotides (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbamate analogs of oligonucleotidesWilliam S. Mungall and Judy K. KaiserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 4, 703–706Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00424a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00424a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
U.C. Radiation Laboratory Monthly Report for November, 1947.Report no. 55 (1947)

No abstract prepared.
Controlled Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Electrochemical Generation of the Active Catalyst (2011)

Enhanced control: Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) allows easy modulation of the overall rate and control of polymerization through the variation of an external applied potential, Eapp (see picture). This method has been successfully applied to aqueous ATRP of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA475) catalyzed by Cu/tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine.
Adverse Effect of Clomiphene Citrate on Sperm Morphology (1991)

The beneficial effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) in treating male infertility is controversial. To evaluate the effects of CC on sperm morphology using strict criteria, the semen analyses of 74 men were evaluated at intervals ranging from 1 to 18 months of treatment. Seventy patients receiving no medication were used as control. The patients in each category were divided into three subgroups: A (1-3 months), B (4-6 months), and C (greater than 6 months). In the control group, there were no significant differences in percentages or total normal forms between baseline and repeat semen analysis at any interval. Treatment with CC for 1-3 months did not adversely affect percentages of normal forms. Treatment for greater than 3 months caused a highly significant decrease in percentage of normal forms. Three months of CC caused no change in the absolute number of morphologically normal sperm, but longer periods (greater than 6 months) were associated with a significant decrease. There was significant deterioration of sperm function as measured by percentage of normal forms in patients treated with CC for 4-18 months. The physiological clinical significance remains to be investigated.
Initial B-Cell Responses to Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Virion-Binding Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG Antibodies Followed by Plasma Anti-gp41 Antibodies with Ineffective Control of Initial Viremia (2020)

A window of opportunity for immune responses to extinguish human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exists from the moment of transmission through establishment of the latent pool of HIV-1-infected cells. A critical time to study the initial immune responses to the transmitted/founder virus is the eclipse phase of HIV-1 infection (time from transmission to the first appearance of plasma virus), but, to date, this period has been logistically difficult to analyze. To probe B-cell responses immediately following HIV-1 transmission, we have determined envelope-specific antibody responses to autologous and consensus Envs in plasma donors from the United States for whom frequent plasma samples were available at time points immediately before, during, and after HIV-1 plasma viral load (VL) ramp-up in acute infection, and we have modeled the antibody effect on the kinetics of plasma viremia. The first detectable B-cell response was in the form of immune complexes 8 days after plasma virus detection, whereas the first free plasma anti-HIV-1 antibody was to gp41 and appeared 13 days after the appearance of plasma virus. In contrast, envelope gp120-specific antibodies were delayed an additional 14 days. Mathematical modeling of the earliest viral dynamics was performed to determine the impact of antibody on HIV replication in vivo as assessed by plasma VL. Including the initial anti-gp41 immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, or both responses in the model did not significantly impact the early dynamics of plasma VL. These results demonstrate that the first IgM and IgG antibodies induced by transmitted HIV-1 are capable of binding virions but have little impact on acute-phase viremia at the timing and magnitude that they occur in natural infection.
Deaths: final data for 2006. (2009)

Mortality patterns in 2006, such as the decline in the age-adjusted death rate to a record historical low, were generally consistent with long-term trends. Life expectancy increased in 2006 from 2005.
HTLV-1-induced cell fusion is limited at two distinct steps in the fusion pathway after receptor binding (2000)

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is notable among retroviruses for its poor ability to infect permissive cells, particularly as cell free virus. The virus is most efficiently transmitted between individuals by infected cells, where it is presumed that intracellular particles and viral RNA are transferred to target cells following fusion. Although the mandatory first step for HTLV-1 fusion is the binding of envelope SU (gp46) to the receptor, the events which follow this interaction and lead to fusion and infection have not been well characterized. To investigate these events, we studied two HTLV-1 chronically infected cell lines with different abilities to fuse with K562 target cells. Although not inherently fusion incompetent, the HTLV-1 envelope protein on MT2 cells was poorly able to undergo a change in membrane hydrophobicity required for fusion with the target cell membrane after binding to the receptor. High level expression of a fusion-competent HTLV-1 envelope protein on MT2 cells had little effect on improving this suggesting that the defect was encoded by the parent cell. Visible syncytia were seen after incubation of these cells with K562 target cells but complete fusion as measured by transfer of cellular contents into the recipient cell was not observed. In C91-PL cells, binding of SU to the receptor resulted in a sustained hydrophobic change of envelope accompanied by a cytopathic effect in mixed cell cultures and complete fusion. However, in C91-PL cells, overexpression of envelope protein blocked the transfer of cell contents after receptor engagement and initiation of cytopathic membrane changes, indicating that post binding fusion events were blocked. These data suggest that HTLV-1 fusion is a multistep process which is susceptible to inhibition at two seperate stages of the fusion pathway post receptor binding. This, and the inefficient infection by cell-free virions, may explain the poor infectivity of HTLV-1 in vivo and suggests strategies for preventative therapy.
Design and Synthesis of a Series of Non-Peptide High-Affinity Human Corticotropin-Releasing Factor1 Receptor Antagonists (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTDesign and Synthesis of a Series of Non-Peptide High-Affinity Human Corticotropin-Releasing Factor1 Receptor AntagonistsChen, Raymond Dagnino, Errol B. De Souza, Dimitri E. Grigoriadis, Charles Q. Huang, Kyung-Il Kim, Zhengyu Liu, Terry Moran, Thomas R. Webb, Jeffrey P. Whitten, Yun Feng Xie, and James R. McCarthyView Author Information Neurocrine Biosciences, 3050 Science Park Road, San Diego, California 92121 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 22, 4358–4360Publication Date (Web):October 25, 1996Publication History Received20 May 1996Published online25 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/jm960149eCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (103 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antagonists,Inhibition,Pyrimidine,Receptors,Triazine Get e-Alerts
The Design, Performance, and Analysis of Slug Tests (1997)

The slug test is currently the most common method for the in situ estimation of hydraulic conductivity at sites of suspected groundwater contamination. However, inappropriate procedures in one or more phases of a slug test can introduce considerable error into the resulting parameter estimates. This book remedies this problem by answering virtually
Evaluating a Parainfluenza Virus 5-Based Vaccine in a Host with Pre-Existing Immunity against Parainfluenza Virus 5 (2012)

Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), formerly known as simian virus 5 (SV5), is a paramyxovirus often referred to as canine parainfluenza virus (CPI) in the veterinary field. PIV5 is thought to be a contributing factor to kennel cough. Kennel cough vaccines containing live PIV5 have been used in dogs for many decades. PIV5 is not known to cause any diseases in humans or other animals. PIV5 has been used as a vector for vaccine development for humans and animals. One critical question concerning the use of PIV5 as a vector is whether prior exposure to PIV5 would prevent the use of PIV5-based vaccines. In this work, we have examined immunogenicity of a recombinant PIV5 expressing hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A virus subtype 3 (rPIV5-H3) in dogs that were immunized against PIV5. We found that vaccination of the dogs containing neutralizing antibodies against PIV5 with rPIV5-H3 generated immunity against influenza A virus, indicting that PIV5-based vaccine is immunogenic in dogs with prior exposure. Furthermore, we have examined exposure of PIV5 in human populations. We have detected neutralizing antibody (nAb) against PIV5 in 13 out of 45 human serum samples (about 29 percent). The nAb titers in humans were lower than that in vaccinated dogs, suggesting that nAb in humans is unlikely to prevent PIV5 from being an efficacious vector in humans.
P2X7 Receptor Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Smoke-Induced Lung Inflammation and Emphysema (2010)

Extracellular ATP is up-regulated in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. However, the precise mechanisms are poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the functional role of the ATP receptor P2X(7) in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung inflammation and emphysema in vivo. Expression of the P2X(7) receptor (P2X(7)R) was measured in lung tissue und immune cells of mice with CS-induced lung inflammation. In a series of experiments using P2X(7) antagonists and genetically engineered mice, the functional role of the P2X(7)R in CS-induced lung inflammation was explored. CS-induced inflammation was associated with an up-regulation of the P2X(7)R on blood and airway neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, and in whole lung tissue. Selective intrapulmonary inhibition of the P2X(7)R reduced CS-induced lung inflammation and prevented the development of emphysema. Accordingly, P2X(7)R knockout mice showed a reduced pulmonary inflammation after acute CS exposure. Experiments with P2X(7)R chimera animals revealed that immune cell P2X(7)R expression plays an important role in CS-induced lung inflammation and emphysema. Extracellular ATP contributes to the development of CS-induced lung inflammation and emphysema via activation of the P2X(7)R. Inhibition of this receptor may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A transgene-encoded cell surface polypeptide for selection, in vivo tracking, and ablation of engineered cells (2011)

An unmet need in cell engineering is the availability of a single transgene encoded, functionally inert, human polypeptide that can serve multiple purposes, including ex vivo cell selection, in vivo cell tracking, and as a target for in vivo cell ablation. Here we describe a truncated human EGFR polypeptide (huEGFRt) that is devoid of extracellular N-terminal ligand binding domains and intracellular receptor tyrosine kinase activity but retains the native amino acid sequence, type I transmembrane cell surface localization, and a conformationally intact binding epitope for pharmaceutical-grade anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, cetuximab (Erbitux). After lentiviral transduction of human T cells with vectors that coordinately express tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptors and huEGFRt, we show that huEGFRt serves as a highly efficient selection epitope for chimeric antigen receptor(+) T cells using biotinylated cetuximab in conjunction with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP)-grade anti-biotin immunomagnetic microbeads. Moreover, huEGFRt provides a cell surface marker for in vivo tracking of adoptively transferred T cells using both flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, and a target for cetuximab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and in vivo elimination. The versatility of huEGFRt and the availability of pharmaceutical-grade reagents for its clinical application denote huEGFRt as a significant new tool for cellular engineering.
Markers of B-lymphocyte activation are elevated in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and correlated with disease activity in the ESPOIR cohort (2009)

Markers of B-cell activation are elevated in patients with early RA, compared with undifferentiated arthritis, independently of any systemic increase in BAFF secretion, and correlate with disease activity. This study sheds new light on the early pathogenic role of B-lymphocytes in RA and suggests that targeting them might be a useful therapeutic strategy in early RA.
NH-1,2,3-Triazole Inhibitors of the VIM-2 Metallo-β-Lactamase (2010)

Metallo-ß-lactamases (MBL) are an emerging cause of bacterial resistance to antibiotic treatment. The VIM-2 ß-lactamase is the most commonly encountered MBL in clinical isolates worldwide. Described here are potent and selective small molecule inhibitors of VIM-2 containing the arylsulfonyl-NH-1,2,3-triazole chemotype that potentiate the efficacy of the ß-lactam, imipenem, in E. coli.
Fibrin Sealant in Surgery of Patients with a Hemorrhagic Diathesis (1995)

The utilization of fibrin sealants in patients with hemostatic disorders has hitherto been very limited. Our experiences from 40 major and 8 minor surgical procedures, 10 circumcisions and 118 tooth extractions in 106 patients with hemophilia A, B or von Willebrand's disease, almost exclusively of the severe form, respectively, demonstrate the benefits regarding reduction of blood loss and requirements for systemic replacement therapy. The literature on the use of fibrin sealants in this group of patients, which mainly concerns dental procedures, is reviewed and compared with our data. The importance of the composition of the glue is also discussed in detail.
Brain stimulation modulates driving behavior (2008)

This study is one of the first to prove that external stimulation of a specific brain area can influence a multi-part behavior in a very complex and everyday-life situation, therefore breaking new ground for therapy at a neural level.
Perioperative medications for preventing temporarily increased intraocular pressure after laser trabeculoplasty (2017)

Perioperative medications are superior to no medication or placebo to prevent IOP spikes during the first two hours and up to 24 hours after LTP, but some medications can cause temporary conjunctival blanching, a short-term cosmetic effect. Overall, perioperative treatment was well tolerated and safe. Alpha-2 agonists are useful in helping to prevent IOP increases after LTP, but it is unclear whether one medication in this class of drugs is better than another. There was no notable difference between apraclonidine and pilocarpine in the outcomes we were able to assess. Future research should include participants who have been using these antiglaucoma medications for daily treatment of glaucoma before LTP was performed.
Solution Using a Codoping Method to Unipolarity for the Fabrication of p-Type ZnO (1999)

We have investigated the electronic structures of n - or p -type doped ZnO based on ab initio electronic band structure calculations. We find unipolarity in ZnO; n -type doping using Al, Ga or In species decreases the Madelung energy while p -type doping using N species increases the Madelung energy, in addition to causing substantial localization of the N states. Codoping using reactive codopants, Al, Ga or In, enhances the incorporation of N acceptors in p -type codoped ZnO. We find the delocalized states of N for p -type ZnO codoped with N and Al (Ga).
Use of asymmetric PCR to generate long primers and single-stranded DNA for incorporating cross-linking analogs into specific sites in a DNA probe. (1996)

Photoactivatable DNA analogs have been incorporated enzymatically into DNA and used to map the locations of polypeptides in protein complexes bound to DNA. We have developed a procedure for generating long primers from short oligodeoxyribonucleotides (oligos) to incorporate DNA cross-linkers at specific sites within either strand of DNA probes of < or = 206 bp. Single-stranded DNA molecules of 52-206 nucleotides in length were generated by asymmetric polymerase chain reactions (aPCR), using an excess of one short sense-strand primer to be extended and a limiting amount of each short antisense primer that is complementary to and defines the 3' end of the long primer to be generated. The noncross-linking strand of the DNA probe was also generated by aPCR from the DNA sequence of interest. The long primers were annealed to the full-length noncross-linking DNA strand to form a partially double-stranded DNA. Cross-linking analogs and radioactive deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs), followed by normal dNTPs, were enzymatically incorporated onto the long primers to form the double-stranded DNA cross-linking probes. This method is reproducible and avoids many of the difficulties encountered by other published methods.
Subtype and pathway specific responses to anticancer compounds in breast cancer (2011)

Breast cancers are comprised of molecularly distinct subtypes that may respond differently to pathway-targeted therapies now under development. Collections of breast cancer cell lines mirror many of the molecular subtypes and pathways found in tumors, suggesting that treatment of cell lines with candidate therapeutic compounds can guide identification of associations between molecular subtypes, pathways, and drug response. In a test of 77 therapeutic compounds, nearly all drugs showed differential responses across these cell lines, and approximately one third showed subtype-, pathway-, and/or genomic aberration-specific responses. These observations suggest mechanisms of response and resistance and may inform efforts to develop molecular assays that predict clinical response.
Pathogenic Interactions Between Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and Cultivars of Pummelo (Citrus grandis) (2000)

ABSTRACT The aggressiveness of strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri on seven Citrus species, including Citrus sinensis (navel orange), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. unshiu (Satsuma mandarin), C. junos (Yuzu), C. aurantifolia ('Mexican' lime), C. tachibana (Tachibana), and C. grandis (pummelo: 'Otachibana', 'Banpeiyu', and 'Anseikan'), were assessed by comparing lesion expansion and growth in planta, using a prick inoculation method. The existence of two groups distinct in aggressiveness was demonstrated on the pummelo cultivars, whereas the remaining species tested were uniformly susceptible. The two groups of strains were distinct in lesion expansion and growth in planta; however, both caused canker lesions on the 'Otachibana' pummelo. The sensitivity of the bacterial strains to phages Cp1 and Cp2 was associated with differences in aggressiveness. Namely, all the strains sensitive to Cp2 but resistant to Cp1 were aggressive to 'Otachibana', whereas all the strains sensitive to Cp1 but resistant to Cp2 were weakly aggressive. When a repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out by enterobacterial repetitive intergeneric consensus (ERIC) sequences (ERIC1R and ERIC2) as the primers, these two groups were also distinguishable by the presence or absence of a 1.8-kb DNA fragment among otherwise identical fragments. The 1.8-kb fragment was amplified only from the strains aggressive to C. grandis.
Relationship of Early Hyperglycemia to Mortality in Trauma Patients (2004)

Early hyperglycemia as defined by glucose > or =200 mg/dL is associated with significantly higher infection and mortality rates in trauma patients independent of injury characteristics. This was not true at the cutoffs of > or =110 mg/dL or > or =150 mg/dL. These data support the need for a prospective analysis of tight glucose control, keeping serum glucose <200 mg/dL in critically ill trauma patients. However, aggressive maintenance of levels <110 mg/dL as reported by others may not be necessary.