gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Ontology-Based Approach for Mobile Personalized Recommendation (2009)

Mobile devices are in a widespread use today. Restricted by the features of mobile devices, such as mobility, low communication bandwidth, small capacity of memory, limited power and inconvenient interaction, mobile services are required to recommend items adapting to the user need and location. Much existing research on recommendations ignores semantic information of user dynamic historical preferences which is vital to the quality of recommendation. In this paper, an ontology-based approach for mobile personalized recommendation is proposed. This paper gives weight values to historical preferences using a decay factor and a time window. Then, historical preferences are mapped into the domain ontology and generate the user dynamic preference ontology (UDPO), which is stored in mobile devices to reduce the load of bandwidth. After building UDPO, the user profile, the domain ontology and UDPO are combined to calculate the set of recommended items. Here, the user profile involves the user location and the user interests. The experimental results show that our approach can provide points of interest which the user likes better.
A Sharable Built-in Self-repair for Semiconductor Memories with 2-D Redundancy Scheme (2007)

Newer technologies like 90 nm and 65 nm bring with them new challenges: longer time to process maturity, higher defect densities and poorer yields. The quality of test and repair determines the design's final yield and profitability. With increasing amount of memory on the chip, the need for an efficient and fast converging perfect algorithm for memory repair is increasing becoming important. In this paper, a perfect algorithm is presented for standalone repairable memories as well as for situations where redundancy is shared between different memories. The proposed BISR is composed of Built-in self-test (BIST) and built-in redundancy analysis (BIRA) module. The BISR module has a low overhead - about 5.05 % of memories area for a typical automotive chip. The proper redundancy scheme and the proposed BIRA algorithm ensure a high repair rate for the SOC and shorter test times as well as optimized area and maximum performance.
Enrichment of a Population of Mammary Gland Cells that Form Mammospheres and Have In vivo Repopulating Activity (2007)

The identification of mammary gland stem cells (MGSC) or progenitors is important for the study of normal breast development and tumorigenesis. Based on their immunophenotype, we have isolated a population of mouse mammary gland cells that are capable of forming "mammospheres" in vitro. Importantly, mammospheres are enriched for cells that regenerate an entire mammary gland on implantation into a mammary fat pad. We also undertook cytogenetic analyses of mammosphere-forming cells after prolonged culture, which provided preliminary insight into the genomic stability of these cells. Our identification of new cell surface markers for enriching mammosphere-initiating cells, including endoglin and prion protein, will facilitate the elucidation of the cell biology of MGSC.
Preparation and electrical properties of thin films of antimony sulphur iodide (SbSI) (1983)

The c-axis oriented thin films of SbSI are prepared by the recrystallization of the amorphous SbSI films. The recrystallized films show the pyroelectric properties and have a dielectric capacitance between 0.2-0.5 μF/cm2 and the tan δ <1%.
MiSFIT: A Freely Available Tool for Building Safe Extensible Systems (1996)

The boundary between application and system is becoming increasingly permeable. Extensible database systems, operating systems, and applications, such as web browsers, are demonstrating the value of allowing end-users to extend and modify the behavior of what formerly was considered to be a static, inviolate system. Unfortunately, flexibility often comes with a cost: systems unprotected from misbehaved end-user extensions are fragile and prone to instability. There are three common methods for making end-user extensions safe: restrict the extension language, interpret the extension language, or add run-time checks to binary code that ensure the safety of an otherwise unsafe program. The third technique, software fault isolation, offers the twin benefits of the performance of compiled code and the flexibility to choose an unsafe language, such as C or C++. MiSFIT, a tool for software fault isolation of x86 code, transforms unsafe C or C++ into safe binary code. The performance overhead of using MiSFIT to protect against stray writes and arbitrary function calls is low, on the order of ten percent.
Novel velocity model to improve indoor localization using inertial navigation with sensors on a smartphone (2016)

We present a generalized velocity model to improve localization when using an Inertial Navigation System (INS). This algorithm was applied to correct the velocity of a smart phone based indoor INS system to increase the accuracy by counteracting the accumulation of large drift caused by sensor reading errors. We investigated the accuracy of the algorithm with three different velocity models which were derived from the actual velocity measured at the hip of walking person. Our results show that the proposed method with Gaussian velocity model achieves competitive accuracy with a 50\% less variance over Step and Heading approach proving the accuracy and robustness of proposed method. We also investigated the frequency of applying corrections and found that a minimum of 5\% corrections per step is sufficient for improved accuracy. The proposed method is applicable in indoor localization and tracking applications based on smart phone where traditional approaches such as GNSS suffers from many issues.
The Antiproliferative and Antiviral Activities of IFN-τ Variants in Human Cells (1997)

The IFN-tau are type I IFN expressed by the early trophoblast of cattle and sheep but have activity on human cells and have been predicted to have potential therapeutic value. We have compared a series of mutant bovine and ovine IFN-tau with regard to their ability to inhibit the proliferation of Daudi cells and to evoke an antiviral (AV) response in WISH cells. Whereas Daudi cell growth was inhibited by Bo-IFN-tau1 in the 1 nM range, WISH cells were much less responsive, requiring exposure to 150 nM for protection against vesicular stomatitis virus. Replacement of lysines at positions 34, 107, 121, and 132 in Bo-IFN-tau, which are in regions predicted to interact with the type I receptor, led to modest but significant alterations in antiproliferative (AP) and AV activities. Replacement of the lysine residues at 160 and 164 had marked effects on biopotency, with K160 being particularly important. The different IFN-tau were able to activate the transcription factors ISGF3 and AAF (GAF) in Daudi cells at concentrations that correlated reasonably well with their AP potencies. Stat activation occurred in WISH cells in response to approximately 2 nM Bo-IFN-tau1, but ISGF3 formation could not be demonstrated even at the 100-fold higher IFN-tau concentrations that gave viral protection. Pretreatment of WISH cells with Hu-IFN-gamma allowed ISGF3 formation to be observed in response to subsequent treatment with Bo-IFN-tau1 or type I human IFN but did not increase the AV responsiveness of the cells. No evidence was found that IFN-tau elicit uniquely different responses on human cells than type I Hu-IFN, except they are much less potent. The data emphasize the importance of a region near the carboxyl terminus for the functional activity of type I IFN, and that although ISFG3 formation may be necessary, its mere presence is not sufficient to provide an antiviral response.
An external automatic device to detect ventricular fibrillation (1986)

An analysis of a micro-processor-based system to detect cardiac arrest rhythms was made in a series of 84 cardiac arrests in 78 patients. The ECG was sensed using 2 external ECG/defibrillator pads applied to the chest wall. In 5 arrests, the initial rhythm was continuous electrical pacing in addition to the cardiac arrest and these were not included in the analysis. Of the remaining 79 arrests there were 15 in which the initial rhythm was ventricular fibrillation and 14 were correctly detected by the system (sensitivity 93%). In the remaining 64 arrests the initial rhythm was not ventricular fibrillation and 62 were correctly identified (specificity 97%). A high specificity is required in any device employing automatic detection of ventricular fibrillation. Continuous electrocardiographic recordings of the cardiac arrests were analysed every 8 to 18 s: of 223 sections showing ventricular fibrillation, 165 were correctly determined by the system, i.e. sensitivity 74%, where the rhythm was not ventricular fibrillation, of the 5002 sections 4953 were correctly detected by the system, i.e. specificity 99%. The percentage accuracy of detection of ventricular fibrillation varied from 25-100% (mean 81%) and for detection of non-ventricular fibrillation from 57-100% (mean 99%) in every 8 to 18 s section of ECG tracing per cardiac arrest episode. Thus the automatic detection of cardiac arrest rhythms is feasible with a high degree of accuracy.
Quantitation of HBV DNA in Human Serum Using a Branched DNA (bDNA) Signal Amplification Assay (1995)

The aim of this study was to establish the performance characteristics of a nonradioisotopic branched DNA (bDNA) signal amplification assay for quantitation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in human serum. Quantitation was determined from a standard curve and expressed as HBV DNA equivalents/mL (Eq/mL; 285,000 Eq = 1 pg of double stranded HBV DNA). The bDNA assay exhibited a nearly four log dynamic range of quantitation and an analytical detection limit of approximately 100,000 Eq/mL. To ensure a specificity of 99.7%, the quantitation limit was set at 700,000 Eq/mL. The interassay percent coefficient of variance for quantification values ranged from 10% to 15% when performed by novice users with different sets of reagents. Using the bDNA assay, HBV DNA was detected in 94% to 100% of hepatitis B e antigen-positive specimens and 27% to 31% of hepatitis B e antigen-negative specimens from chronic HBV-infected patients. The bDNA assay may be useful as a prognostic and therapy monitoring tool for the management of HBV-infected patients undergoing antiviral treatment.
French doctors are tried for treating children with infected growth hormone (2008)

Graduates from some UK medical schools consistently perform better than others in postgraduate medical exams, says a study published this week.The authors say that their finding supports the introduction of a national licensing examination for doctors.The study retrospectively analysed the performance from 2003 to 2005 of 5827 doctors from 19 UK medical schools in one or more of the three examinations required for membership of the Royal College of Physicians.This is an international postgraduate assessment that is important for career progression and is attempted by about 30% of all UK medical graduates.The research group looked at performance in parts 1 and 2 of the written examination, which are multiple choice assessments, and in part 2 of the practical examination of clinical assessment skills (PACES), which uses real and simulated patients to test clinical examination and communication skills.A further analysis involved data on performance in the part 1 examination over a much longer timeframe, from 1989 to 2002.The results showed that graduates from Oxford, Cambridge, and Newcastle upon Tyne performed significantly better than average in part 1 and part 2 of the written examination (BMC Medicine 2008;6:5).Those from Liverpool, Dundee, Belfast, and Aberdeen showed significantly below average performance.Ninety one per cent of Oxford students, 76% from Cambridge, and 67% from Newcastle passed part 1 at their first attempt, whereas the figures were 32% for Liverpool, 38% for Dundee, 37% for Belfast, and 41% for Aberdeen.The overall relation between medical school and exam performance was highly significant (χ 2 =300, df=6, P<0.001).About 60% of the variance between medical schools was explained by differences in pre-admission qualifications (according to number of points gained, but not subjects taken, in A level examinations or in the Scottish highers).However, the remaining portion of the variance was still significant. Doctors from different schools vary in later postgraduate examsUK NEWS BMA advises GPs on longer opening hours, p 351 World NEWS Inquiry finds scientists collaborated with Nazis, p 353 bmj.comCharity is set up to improve adolescents' health care newS
Influence of HIV Infection on Presentation of Kaposi's Sarcoma (2001)

We report a retrospective review of 57 patients with endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (EKS) seen between 1981 and 1990 and 40 prospectively diagnosed patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen between 1991 and 1995. In the retrospective study 52 patients were males and five were females. Their ages ranged between 15 and 62 years with a mean of 39 years.Thirty-five (61%) patients had symptoms for more than 1 year. Nodular KS was seen in 75% of the patients. In the prospective study 26 patients had EKS while 14 had AIDS associated KS (AAKS). Among the patients with EKS 24 were males and two were females. The mean duration of symptoms was 20 months. The CD4 count done on nine patients ranged between 900 and 1300 cells/mm3 and there was no mortality within 1 year of presentation. Eleven of the patients with AAKS were males and three were females. Their ages ranged between 22 months and 41 years with a mean of 26. Nine patients had symptoms for less than 6 months. Ten patients had peripheral lymphadenopathy. CD4 counts done on 11 patients ranged between 200 and 800 cells/mm3. Five patients (35%) died within 6 months of presentation. Between 1991 and 1995, 486 patients were seen with HIV infection. Patients with AAKS present with fulminant disease which seemed quickly fatal.
Single gene-based distinction of individual microbial genomes from a mixed population of microbial cells (2015)

Recent progress in environmental microbiology has revealed vast populations of microbes in any given habitat that cannot be detected by conventional culturing strategies. The use of sensitive genetic detection methods such as CARD-FISH and in situ PCR have been limited by the cell wall permeabilization requirement that cannot be performed similarly on all cell types without lysing some and leaving some nonpermeabilized. Furthermore, the detection of low copy targets such as genes present in single copies in the microbial genomes, has remained problematic. We describe an emulsion-based procedure to trap individual microbial cells into picoliter-volume polyacrylamide droplets that provide a rigid support for genetic material and therefore allow complete degradation of cellular material to expose the individual genomes. The polyacrylamide droplets are subsequently converted into picoliter-scale reactors for genome amplification. The amplified genomes are labeled based on the presence of a target gene and differentiated from those that do not contain the gene by flow cytometry. Using the Escherichia coli strains XL1 and MC1061, which differ with respect to the presence (XL1), or absence (MC1061) of a single copy of a tetracycline resistance gene per genome, we demonstrate that XL1 genomes present at 0.1% of MC1061 genomes can be differentiated using this method. Using a spiked sediment microbial sample, we demonstrate that the method is applicable to highly complex environmental microbial communities as a target gene-based screen for individual microbes. The method provides a novel tool for enumerating functional cell populations in complex microbial communities. We envision that the method could be optimized for fluorescence-activated cell sorting to enrich genetic material of interest from complex environmental samples.
Hierarchical Part-Based Human Body Pose Estimation (2005)

This paper addresses the problem of automatic detection and recovery of three-dimensional human body pose from monocular video sequences for HCI applications. We propose a new hierarchical part-based pose estimation method for the upper-body that efficiently searches the high dimensional articulation space. The body is treated as a collection of parts linked in a kinematic structure. Search for configurations of this collection is commenced from the most reliably detectable part. The rest of the parts are searched based on the detected locations of this anchor as they all are kinematically linked. Each part is represented by a set of 2D templates created from a 3D model, hence inherently encoding the 3D joint angles. The tree data structure is exploited to efficiently search through these templates. Multiple hypotheses are computed for each frame. By modelling these with a HMM, temporal coherence of body motion is exploited to find a smooth trajectory of articulation between frames using a modified Viterbi algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed technique produces good estimates of the human 3D pose on a range of test videos in a cluttered environment.
The Arabidopsis thaliana ABC Protein Superfamily, a Complete Inventory (2001)

We describe the first complete inventory of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins from a multicellular organism, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. By the application of several search criteria, Arabidopsis was found to contain a total of 129 open reading frames (ORFs) capable of encoding ABC proteins, of which 103 possessed contiguous transmembrane spans and were identified as putative intrinsic membrane proteins. Fifty-two of the putative intrinsic membrane proteins contained at least two transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two nucleotide-binding folds (NBFs) and could be classified as belonging to one of five subfamilies of full-molecule transporters. The other 51 putative membrane proteins, all of which were half-molecule transporters, fell into five subfamilies. Of the remaining ORFs identified, all of which encoded proteins lacking TMDs, 11 could be classified into three subfamilies. There were no obvious homologs in other organisms for 15 of the ORFs which encoded a heterogeneous group of non-intrinsic ABC proteins (NAPs). Unrooted phylogenetic analyses substantiated the subfamily designations. Notable features of the Arabidopsis ABC superfamily was the presence of a large yeast-like PDR subfamily, and the absence of genes encoding bona fide cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), and heavy metal tolerance factor 1 (HMT1) homologs. Arabidopsis was unusual in its large allocation of ORFs (a minimum of 0.5%) to members of the ABC protein superfamily.
The Clinical Effectiveness of 311C90 in the Acute Treatment of Migraine (1996)

Efficacy with currently marketed antimigraine compounds is less than optimal. 311C90 is a novel and selective 5-HT1D receptor agonist in development for the acute treatment of migraine. It shows evidence of both central and peripheral activity within the trigemino-vascular system and it is rapidly absorbed following oral administration. In clinical studies in migraine patients, a headache response at 2 hours has been observed in 65-81% of patients at doses above 1 mg. Favourable response rates are reported as early as 1 hour post-dose and efficacy rates continue to improve up to 4 hours. Headache recurrence is reported by 25-35% of patients and 311C90 is also effective in relieving the non-headache symptoms of migraine.
Correlation Between Motor Impairment and Infarct Volume After Permanent and Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Rat (1997)

The rota-rod and grid-walking tests of motor performance provide quantitative, objective, and reproducible measures of functional impairment of rats following an ischemic insult. These impairments correlate directly with infarct volume and provide information integral to future studies evaluating the effects of potential neuroprotective agents.
Characterization and sequence of the Escherichia coli panBCD gene cluster (1996)

A 4589 bp DNA segment containing the Escherichia coli panBCD gene cluster was sequenced, and found to contain 6 complete open reading frames. panB, panC, and panD were identified by subcloning and insertional mutagenesis. The orientation of panD was also confirmed by orientation-specific expression of asparate-1-decarboxylase. panB and panC lie adjacent to one another, but are separated from panD by orf3, which is oriented in the opposite direction. Interruptions in the remaining open reading frames did not affect growth on glucose-minimal medium. No significant similarity to sequences in databases was found for orf1 and orf2. Orf3 contained extensive similarity to reading frames defined by E. coli yjiP, yjiQ, yhgA, and yafD. The function of these amino acid sequences is as yet undefined.
西尔斯公司的职工—顾客—利润联锁 (1998)

西尔斯·罗巴克公司在过去五年里已根本地改变了其做生意的方法并引人注目地改善了其财务成果已不再是新闻了。有关西尔斯公司的突然好转已被人们写了许多,详述了该公司的战略转移及其从大亏损向大盈利的转变。但西尔斯公司的转变超过了营销战略的改变。它还是经营逻辑和经营文化上的改变。实际上,改变经营逻辑的过程就是改变经营文化的过程。
Synthesis of (R,S)-trans-8-hydroxy-2-[N-n-propyl-N-(3'-iodo-2'-propenyl)amino]tetralin (trans 8-OH-PIPAT): a new 5-HT1A receptor ligand (1993)

In order to develop tracers with higher specific activity to supplant the currently used [3H]-8-OH-DPAT [8-hydroxy-2-(N,N-di-n-propylamino)tetralin] for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 5-HT1A receptors, a new radioiodinated ligand was prepared. (R,S)-trans-8- Hydroxy-2-[N-n-propyl-N-(3'-iodo-2'-propenyl)amino]tetralin (trans-8-OH-PIPAT), 8, was synthesized by a 10-step reaction. Binding studies with rat hippocampal membrane homogenates showed that 8 exhibited a Ki value of 0.92 nM against (R,S)-[3H]-8-OH-DPAT. Radiolabeled [125I]-8 was prepared from the corresponding tri-n-butyltin precursor via an oxidative iododestannylation reaction with sodium [125I]iodide. Binding studies in the hippocampal homogenates revealed that [125I]-8 bound to a single high-affinity site (Kd = 0.38 +/- 0.03 nM,Bmax = 310 +/- 20 fmol/mg of protein). Competition binding experiments clearly indicated that the new ligand displayed the expected 5-HT1A receptor binding profile. The rank order of potency was (R,S)-trans-8-OH-PIPAT > (R,S)- 8-OH-DPAT > WB4101 > 5-HT > (R,S)-trans-7-OH-PIPAT > (R,S)-7-OH-DPAT > (R,S)-propranolol > spiperone >> ketanserin >> dopamine > atropine. This new ligand offers several unique advantages, including high specific activity, high binding affinity, and low nonspecific binding, all of which make it an excellent probe for the investigation and characterization of 5-HT1A receptors.
Why the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor? The Rationale for Cancer Therapy (2002)

There is a need for new, selective anticancer agents that differentiate between malignant and nonmalignant cells. The benefits of such agents would include a higher therapeutic index and lower toxicity than conventional therapies. Although expressed in nonmalignant cells, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, and its expression correlates with poor response to treatment, disease progression, and poor survival. Evidence for a role for the EGFR in the inhibition and pathogenesis of various cancers has led to the rational design and development of agents that selectively target this receptor. Activation of the EGFR signaling pathway in cancer cells has been linked with increased cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, and decreased apoptosis. Preclinical data show that anti-EGFR therapies can inhibit these effects in vitro and in vivo. In addition, preclinical data confirm that many such agents have the potential to increase the effectiveness of current cytotoxic agents. Following accelerated drug development programs, phase III trials are now under way for a number of EGFR-targeted therapies, including the monoclonal antibody IMC-C225 and the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors ZD1839 (Iressa) and OSI-774. Thus, the rationale for EGFR-targeted approaches to cancer treatment is apparent and now well established, and there is increasing evidence that they may represent a significant contribution to cancer therapy.