gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synchronization and recruitment in acute leukemia (1971)

The in vivo effects of several chemotherapeutic agents on the mitotic cycle of leukemic blasts in the bone marrow were evaluated by serial measurements of cells in mitosis and in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis as indicated by ability to incorporate tritiated thymidine or tritiated deoxyuridine. 28 studies were done in 23 children and 1 adult. The changes in the marrow after a single injection of L-asparaginase, hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, and an exchange transfusion (62% of the total blood volume) were evaluated. L-asparaginase and hydrocortisone were found to arrest the entry of cells into the S period. Cyclophosphamide appeared to inhibit DNA synthesis, arrest cells in mitosis, and inhibit the entry of cells into the S period. Cytosine arabinoside, and methotrexate inhibited DNA synthesis. During the period of time the cells were inhibited in the S phase by these two drugs, cells continued to enter the S period. Thus partial synchronization was achieved after these two drugs. An exchange transfusion had no consistent effect on the mitotic cycle, but partial synchronization in the S period was seen in one patient. To take advantage of the ability of cystosine arabinoside, to synchronize leukemic cells in the S phase, a second cycle-dependent drug was given at the time the leukemic blasts were synchronized. The second cycle-dependent drugs evaluated were vincristine, methotrexate, and cytosine arabinoside given by intravenous drip over a 12 hr period. Recruitment was found after cytosine arabinoside alone, and after prior synchronization with cytosine arabinoside and then the administration of either of these drugs. The results of these studies indicate that a greater therapeutic advantage can be achieved by a second cycle-dependent drug after synchronization than after the second drug alone.
A fully decoded 2048-bit electrically programmable FAMOS read-only memory (1971)

A floating-gate avalanche-injection m.o.s. (FAMOS) charge-storage device is used as the basic nonvolatile memory element. The memory is organized as 256 words of 8 bits, it is fully TTL compatible, and can be operated in both the static or dynamic mode. The memory array was successfully fabricated with silicon gate m.o.s. technology yielding functional devices with access times of 800 ns in the static mode and 500 ns in the dynamic mode of operation. The memory chip is assembled in a 24-lead dual-in-line package.
Aggregating Machine Learning and Rule Based Heuristics for Named Entity Recognition (2008)

This paper, submitted as an entry for the NERSSEAL-2008 shared task, describes a system build for Named Entity Recognition for South and South East Asian Languages. Our paper combines machine learning techniques with language specific heuristics to model the problem of NER for Indian languages. The system has been tested on five languages: Telugu, Hindi, Bengali, Urdu and Oriya. It uses CRF (Conditional Random Fields) based machine learning, followed by post processing which involves using some heuristics or rules. The system is specifically tuned for Hindi and Telugu, we also report the results for the other four languages.
Photoaffinity Labeling of Biological Systems (1979)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Hierarchical Color Correction for Camera Cell Phone Images (2008)

In this paper, we propose a hierarchical color correction algorithm for enhancing the color of digital images obtained from low-quality digital image capture devices such as cell phone cameras. The proposed method is based on a multilayer hierarchical stochastic framework whose parameters are learned in an offline training procedure using the well-known expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. This hierarchical framework functions by first making soft assignments of images into defect classes and then processing the images in each defect class with an optimized algorithm. The hierarchical color correction is performed in three stages. In the first stage, global color attributes of the low-quality input image are used in a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) framework to perform a soft classification of the image into M predefined global image classes. In the second stage, the input image is processed with a nonlinear color correction algorithm that is designed for each of the M global classes. This color correction algorithm, which we refer to as resolution synthesis color correction (RSCC), applies a spatially varying color correction determined by the local color attributes of the input image. In the third stage, the outputs of the RSCC predictors are combined using the global classification weights to yield the color corrected output image. We compare the performance of the proposed method to other commercial color correction algorithms on cell phone camera images obtained from different sources. Both subjective and objective measures of quality indicate that the new color correction algorithm improves quality over the existing methods.
A General Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Tetrasubstituted Ureas (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA General Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Tetrasubstituted UreasAlan R. Katritzky, David P. M. Pleynet, and Baozhen YangView Author Information Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 12, 4155–4158Publication Date (Web):June 13, 1997Publication History Received3 December 1996Published online13 June 1997Published inissue 13 June 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo962245thttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo962245tbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1562Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Amines,Pharmaceuticals,Phenyls,Urea Get e-Alerts
A Low-Cost Tele-Imaging Platform for Developing Countries (2014)

This tele-imaging method, requiring nothing by readily available and inexpensive technology and equipment, offers a major opportunity for telemedicine in developing countries.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic-Substituted Chromones and Chalcones (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Heterocyclic-Substituted Chromones and ChalconesPATRICK F. DEVITT, ANITA TIMONEY, and MICHAEL A. VICKARSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 12, 4941–4944Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01070a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01070a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views703Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study of escalating doses of paclitaxel plus cisplatin in patients with inoperable head and neck cancer. (1997)

This phase I/II study sought to determine the response rate and toxicity profile of escalating doses of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) when administered with fixed doses of cisplatin with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support in 28 patients with head or neck cancer. The study was designed as a modified dose-finding trial and contained five dose-escalation levels of paclitaxel. Dose level 1 contained seven patients, and doses ranged from 175 to 220 mg/m2; dose level 2, 230 to 250 mg/m2 (five patients); dose level 3, 250 mg/m2 only (four patients); dose level 4, 260 to 280 mg/m2 (six patients); and dose level 5, 280 to 300 mg/m2 (six patients). Dose levels greater than 200 mg/m2 were supported with concomitant granulocyte colony-stimulating support. Paclitaxel was given on day 1 by 3-hour infusion; cisplatin 75 mg/m2 was given on day 2. Courses were given every 3 weeks. All patients were evaluable for toxicity and 27 were evaluable for response. The overall response rate was 77% (10 complete responses, 11 partial responses, four no change, and two disease progression). Over a median follow-up of 15 months (range, 7 to 22 months), 16 patients showed no evidence of disease and three are alive with disease. A dose-effect relationship was found between paclitaxel and peripheral neuropathy. Twenty-seven of 28 patients experienced alopecia, peripheral neuropathy, myalgias, and arthralgias. Most toxicities were grade 1 or 2; the mean duration of symptoms was 7 days. No dose-limiting hematologic toxicity was observed, nor was any significant neutropenia seen in those patients receiving filgrastim. The paclitaxel/cisplatin combination was found to be an effective first-line regimen for patients with head or neck cancer. Although the number of patients in this study was small, no relationship was noted between patient response and disease site.
Amino acid-base interactions: a three-dimensional analysis of protein-DNA interactions at an atomic level (2001)

To assess whether there are universal rules that govern amino acid-base recognition, we investigate hydrogen bonds, van der Waals contacts and water-mediated bonds in 129 protein-DNA complex structures. DNA-backbone interactions are the most numerous, providing stability rather than specificity. For base interactions, there are significant base-amino acid type correlations, which can be rationalised by considering the stereochemistry of protein side chains and the base edges exposed in the DNA structure. Nearly two-thirds of the direct read-out of DNA sequences involves complex networks of hydrogen bonds, which enhance specificity. Two-thirds of all protein-DNA interactions comprise van der Waals contacts, compared to about one-sixth each of hydrogen and water-mediated bonds. This highlights the central importance of these contacts for complex formation, which have previously been relegated to a secondary role. Although common, water-mediated bonds are usually non-specific, acting as space-fillers at the protein-DNA interface. In conclusion, the majority of amino acid-base interactions observed follow general principles that apply across all protein-DNA complexes, although there are individual exceptions. Therefore, we distinguish between interactions whose specificities are 'universal' and 'context-dependent'. An interactive Web-based atlas of side chain-base contacts provides access to the collected data, including analyses and visualisation of the three-dimensional geometry of the interactions.
Identification of Potent Water Soluble Purine-Scaffold Inhibitors of the Heat Shock Protein 90 (2005)

Hsp90 is a chaperone protein that allows cancer cells to tolerate the many components of dysregulated pathways. Its inactivation may result in targeting multiple molecular alterations and, thus, in reverting the transformed phenotype. The PU-class, a purine-scaffold Hsp90 inhibitor series, has been reported to be potent and selective against Hsp90 both in vitro and in vivo models of cancer. Here, a series of this class was synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of the chaperone. The structure-activity relationship and selectivity for tumor Hsp90 of compounds within the series is presented. The study identifies water soluble derivatives (>5 mM in PBS pH 7.4) of nanomolar potency (IC(50) approximately 50 nM) in cellular and animal models of cancer. Binding affinities of these compounds for Hsp90 correlate well with their biological activities. When administered in vivo to mice bearing MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer xenografted tumors, these agents result in pharmacologically relevant concentrations and, accordingly, in modulation of Hsp90-client proteins in tumors.
Domain Name System Structure and Delegation (1994)

This memo provides some information on the structure of the names in
the Domain Name System (DNS), specifically the top-level domain names;
and on the administration of domains. This memo provides information
for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet
standard of any kind.
Order and dynamics in mixtures of membrane glucolipids from Acholeplasma laidlawii studied by deuterium NMR (1991)

The two dominant glucolipids in Acholeplasma laidlawii, viz., 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol (MGlcDG) and 1,2-diacyl-3-O-[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl ]- sn-glycerol (DGlcDG), have markedly different phase behavior. MGlcDG has an ability to form nonlamellar phases, whereas DGlcDG only forms lamellar phases. For maintenance of a stable lipid bilayer, the polar headgroup composition in A. laidlawii is metabolically regulated in vivo, in response to changes in the growth conditions [Wieslander et al. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 3650; Lindblom et al. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 7502]. To investigate the mechanism behind the lipid regulation, we have here studied bilayers of mixtures of unsaturated MGlcDG and DGlcDG, containing a small fraction of biosynthetically incorporated perdeuterated palmitic acid, with 2H NMR. The order-parameter profile of the acyl chains and an apparent transverse spin relaxation rate (R2) were determined from dePaked quadrupole-echo spectra. The order of the acyl chains in DGlcDG-d31 increases upon addition of protonated MGlcDG, whereas the order of MGlcDG-d31 decreases when DGlcDG is added. The variation of order with lipid composition is rationalized from simple packing constraints. R2 increases linearly with the square of the order parameter (S2) up to S approximately 0.14; then, R2 goes through a maximum and decreases. The increase in R2 with S2, as well as the magnitude of R2, is largest for pure MGlcDG-d31, smallest for DGlcDG-d31, and similar for mixtures with the same molar ratio of MGlcDG/DGlcDG but with the deuterium label on different lipids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Josephson effect between trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (1998)

We study the Josephson effect between atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. By drawing on an electrostatic analogy, we derive a semiclassical functional expression for the three-dimensional Josephson coupling energy in terms of the condensate density. Estimates of the capacitive energy and of the Josephson plasma frequency are also given. The effect of dissipation due to the incoherent exchange of normal atoms is analyzed. We conclude that coherent Josephson dynamics may already be observable in current experimental systems.
Targeted Inactivation of the Tetraspanin CD37 Impairs T-Cell-Dependent B-Cell Response under Suboptimal Costimulatory Conditions (2000)

CD37 is a membrane protein of the tetraspanin superfamily, which includes CD9, CD53, CD63, CD81, and CD82. Many of these molecules are expressed on leukocytes and have been implicated in signal transduction, cell-cell interactions, and cellular activation and development. We generated and analyzed mice deficient for CD37. Despite the high expression of CD37 on cells of the immune system, no changes in development and cellular composition of lymphoid organs were observed in mice lacking CD37. Analyses of humoral immune responses revealed a reduced level of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) in the sera of nonimmunized mice and an alteration of responses to T-cell-dependent antigens. Antibody responses to model antigen administered in the absence of adjuvant and to viral infections were generally poor in CD37-deficient mice. These poor antibody responses could be overcome by the immunization of antigen together with adjuvant. These results suggest a role for CD37 in T-cell-B-cell interactions which manifests itself under suboptimal costimulatory conditions.
Demonstration of stem cell inhibition and myeloprotective effects of SCI/rhMIP1 alpha in vivo (1992)

The proliferative status of the stem cell compartment is thought to be controlled by both positive and negative regulators of proliferation. These regulators have obvious clinical potential in manipulating the integrity and proliferative status of the stem cell in vivo during patient treatment for neoplastic disease. We have tested the ability of the human recombinant homologue of murine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (rhMIP1 alpha) to suppress the proliferation of primitive murine progenitors in vitro and in vivo. This recombinant protein (stem cell inhibitor, similar to the human homologue of MIP 1 alpha, LD78) is active in a dose-dependent manner in vitro on CFU-S measured at day 12 and to a slightly lesser extent on the more mature CFU-S that are measured at day 8. SCI/rhMIP1 alpha is also active in vivo in two separate models of bone marrow regeneration in which the high proliferative status of the CFU-S compartment is reduced to the quiescent state with a single inoculation of SCI/rhMIP1 alpha. The inhibitory activity of the recombinant protein was then tested in a relevant therapeutic model in which the observed protection of part of the stem cell compartment is reflected by a significant improvement in the kinetics of neutrophil recovery. These results establish the feasibility of testing SCI/rhMIP1 alpha in a range of chemotherapy regimes as a preliminary to clinical trials to attempt to protect the stem cell compartment during treatment for neoplastic disease.
An experimental 180 Mb/sec PRML channel for magnetic recording (1991)

An experimental 180 Mbit/s partial-response maximum-likelihood (PRML) channel was developed in order to investigate various technical issues arising in very high speed magnetic disk recording systems. The channel was implemented with discrete analog and logic components. A thin-film 10-turn write head and an experimental high-resolution magnetoresistive read head were used with a high coercivity, thin-film disk. Linear densities of 4000 fc/mm were achieved at 45 m/s and 100 nm flying height. The authors describe the experimental channel in detail and also indicate some of the new experimental results obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Point mutations in the stem-loop at the 3' end of mouse histone mRNA reduce expression by reducing the efficiency of 3' end formation. (1994)

Mammalian histone mRNAs end in a highly conserved stem-loop structure, with a six-base stem and a four-base loop. We have examined the effect of mutating the stem-loop on the expression of the histone mRNA in vivo by introducing the mutated histone genes into CHO cells by stable transfection. Point mutations have been introduced into the loop sequence and into the UA base pair at the top of the stem. Changing either the first or the third base of the conserved UYUN sequence in the loop to a purine greatly reduced expression, while changing both U's to purines abolished expression. A number of alterations in the stem sequence, including reversing the stem sequence, reversing the two base pairs at the base of the stem, or destroying the UA base pair at the top of the stem, also abolished expression. Changing the UA base pair to a CG or a UG base pair also reduced expression. The loss of expression is due to inefficient processing of the pre-mRNA, as judged by the efficiency of processing in vitro. Addition of a polyadenylation site or the wild-type histone processing signal downstream of a mutant stem-loop resulted in rescuing the processing of the mutant pre-histone mRNA. These results suggest that if the histone pre-mRNA is not rapidly processed, then it is degraded.
Molecular aspects of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. (1981)

Structure and function studies on acetylcholine receptor (AChR) were attained by studying various derivatives of the receptor molecule, by analysis of monoclonal antibodies, and by investigating the possible structural relationship between AChR and the thymus. Pharmacologically inactive denatured AChR preparation does not induce myasthenia in rabbits, although it elicits antibodies that cross-react with the intact receptor. Denatured AChR has both preventive and therapeutic effects on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Mild tryptic digestion of AChR does not abolish the pharmacological specificity and myasthenic activity of the receptor. Trypsinated AChR, which on SDS gel electrophoresis shows one major band with a molecular weight of 27,000, represents an active receptor derivative with a relatively low structural complexity. Monoclonal antibodies against defined determinants of AChR were elicited and characterized. One monoclonal antibody line is directed against the cholinergic binding site. Experiments demonstrating that thymic lymphocytes bear a surface antigen that cross-reacts with AChR are described.