gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serotonin activates S6 kinase in a rapamycin-sensitive manner in Aplysia synaptosomes. (2001)

The identification of tags that can specifically mark activated synapses is important for understanding how long-term synaptic changes can be restricted to specific synapses. The maintenance of synapse-specific facilitation in Aplysia sensory to motor neuron cultures can be blocked by inhibitors of translation and by the drug rapamycin, which specifically blocks a signaling pathway that regulates phosphorylation of translational regulators. One important target of rapamycin is the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of S6 kinase. To test whether S6 kinase is the target for the ability of rapamycin to block synapse-specific facilitation in Aplysia, we cloned Aplysia S6 kinase, its substrate S6, and the S6 kinase kinase phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK-1). Serotonin, which induces synapse-specific facilitation, increased phosphorylation of Aplysia S6 kinase at threonine 399 in a rapamycin-sensitive manner in Aplysia synaptosomes. The phosphorylation of threonine 399 by 5-HT was independent of phosphoinositide-3 kinase, dependent on PKA and PKC, and occluded by the phosphatase inhibitor calyculin-A. 5-HT also increased S6 kinase activity and led to increased phosphorylation of S6 in synaptosomes. 5-HT increased levels of S6 in synaptosomes because of a rapamycin-sensitive increase in translation-stabilization of S6. Aplysia PDK-1 bound to and phosphorylated Aplysia S6 kinase but only modulated phosphorylation of threonine 399 indirectly. These results suggest a mechanism by which the levels of translation factors can be increased specifically at activated synapses generating a long-lasting synaptic tag.
Physical Compatibility of Melphalan with Selected Drugs During Simulated Y-site Administration (1993)

The physical compatibility of melphalan injection with selected drugs during simulated Y-site administration was studied. A 5-mL sample of melphalan 0.1 mg/mL in 0.9% sodium chloride injection was combined with a 5-mL sample of each of 91 drugs at concentrations used clinically. Each combination was prepared in duplicate, with the order of mixing reversed between the two. The samples were inspected visually in normal fluorescent light and in high-intensity light at zero, one, and three hours after preparation. A turbidimeter was used to measure the turbidity of each drug combination at the same intervals. Samples showing a change in the visually or turbidimetrically determined haze level were subjected to particle counting and sizing. None of the drug combinations resulted in visual evidence of precipitation, color change, or gas production. Most combinations had a measured turbidity of < 0.1 nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU) and were compatible. A few combinations had turbidities of > or = 0.1 NTU, but the turbidity did not change over the study period and the combinations were considered compatible. Combinations of melphalan with methylprednisolone sodium succinate, prochlorperazine edisylate, or daunorubicin hydrochloride had a very small increase in turbidity but were compatible. Melphalan did not increase the doubling of turbidity that idarubicin hydrochloride shows upon simple dilution. Neither the total particle burden nor the number of particles of > or = 10 microns increased in any combination that was tested. However, combinations with amphotericin B or chlorpromazine hydrochloride showed large increases in measured turbidity and were incompatible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Challenges for Gene Therapy of Type 1 Diabetes (2002)

Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune attack and selective destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. Despite the development of various insulin replacement therapies, insulin injection still remains the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, exogenous insulin administration cannot achieve the same degree of glycemic control as provided by endogenous insulin produced from the pancreatic beta cells. Insulin gene transfer is being developed to improve the quality of glycemic control by restoring endogenous insulin production in type 1 diabetes. Nevertheless, attempts to achieve adequately regulated insulin production are stymied by the lack of appropriate surrogate cells that are able to detect blood glucose variations and release insulin in a glucose-dependent manner. Although limited success has been made to control insulin gene expression in ectopic cells using hormone/glucose-regulated expression systems, these transcriptionally regulated systems are relatively slow in the "on-" and "off"-kinetics of insulin production, raising a serious safety concern for clinical application. In this article, we will review recent advances made to address this concern and highlight the importance of insulin gene transfer to cell types that possess an intrinsic ability to kinetically mimic the pancreatic beta cells in terms of glucose-responsive insulin secretion.
Vapor‐Permeable Membrane Therapy for Ulcers of Osteomyelitis (1984)

Two patients with chronic ulcerations secondary to arterial insufficiency of the distal extremities were found to have concomitant osteomyelitis immediately beneath the ulcers. An adjunctive would care regimen is described in which local excision or debridement of the involved bone with subsequent systemic antibiotic therapy was the initial treatment. The resultant cutaneous defect was then covered with a vapor-permeable membrane and allowed to close by secondary intention. Rapid and complete healing occurred in both cases in spite of the compromised arterial supply to both areas. This technique is a useful adjunct to the treatment of ulcerations associated with chronic osteomyelitis.
Placebo-controlled clinical trial of mesalazine in the prevention of early endoscopic recurrences after resection for Crohnʼs disease (1996)

Our study confirms that a large proportion of endoscopic recurrences occur within 3 months of resection in Crohn's disease. There was a slight trend towards greater efficacy of Claversal; it could be worthwhile trying higher dosages and/or 5-ASA compounds with different intestinal release profiles.
Angiotensin II-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell growth signaling (2000)

The mechanism by which Ang II stimulates the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells was investigated by measuring the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK 1 and ERK 2. Ca2+ ionophore was found to have effects practically analogous to Ang II. We found that the signaling pathway involves the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase, activation of the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2, and the small G-protein Ras. Although the mechanism of AT1- (or Ca2+)-induced activation of EGFR is not yet clear, we have found that calcium-dependent protein kinase CAKss/PYK2 and c-Src are involved in this process. These studies indicate a transactivation mechanism that utilizes EGFR as a bridge between a Gq-coupled receptor and activation of phosphotyrosine generation.
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE ASSOCIATED WITH NONFULMINANT HEPATITIS A VIRUS INFECTION (2002)

Hepatitis A is usually a mild self-limiting infection of the liver. Nonfulminant acute renal failure very rarely complicates type A viral hepatitis. An unusual case, a 32-year-old female with serologically proven acute hepatitis A infection, was complicated by acute renal failure and the patient in this study is the first case associated with Cushing's disease. She recovered, and the laboratory tests returned normal one month after initial hospitalization. Although the mechanism responsible for renal failure in acute hepatitis A virus infection is still uncertain, possible causes are discussed with the review of literature.
Altered endothelial function following the Fontan procedure (2007)

Our data suggest that patients with the Fontan circulation may have endothelial dysfunction, as indicated by raised levels of von Willebrand factor. Fibrinolysis seems to be relatively preserved, as suggested by appropriate response to venous occlusion.
Comparison of homeobox-containing genes of the honeybee and Drosophila. (1989)

We report the isolation of seven homeobox-containing genes from the honeybee (Apis mellifera). Sequence analysis of all homeoboxes and some flanking sequences showed that six of seven genes are more than 90% identical to their corresponding Drosophila homologues within the homeobox and, with one exception, also in the flanking sequences. The homologues that were identified include three homeotic selector genes [Sex combs reduced (Scr), Antennapedia (Antp), and abdominal-A (abd-A); the two engrailed (en) genes; and the muscle segment homeobox (msh)]. Surprisingly, no homologue of the segmentation gene fushi tarazu was found in the honeybee. For the remaining bee gene, a Drosophila homologue is not known. This indicates that, with some exceptions, structurally homologous genes are involved in the control of bee and Drosophila development, although Hymenoptera differ significantly in their embryogenesis from Diptera and have evolved separately for some 250 million years.
Effect of anticoagulant drugs in cancer (2005)

An antineoplastic effect of anticoagulant agents has often been suggested. Heparin and vitamin K antagonists have both been tested in this context. Heparin has been more extensively studied. Data from clinical trials of thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients have suggested that heparin may have beneficial effects on survival in these patients, with a major role for low-molecular-weight heparin compared with unfractionated heparin. Recently, the results of new prospective randomized clinical trials to evaluate the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on cancer survival have become available. The published data look promising and provide an important step forward in the research knowledge in this field.
Illuminating the role of type I IFNs in colitis (2005)

Recently, type I interferons IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (IFN-alpha/beta) have been evaluated in pilot clinical trials for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis. However, the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to a potential therapeutic effect are incompletely understood. A new study in this issue demonstrates a protective role for IFN-alpha/beta, induced by activation of a Toll-like receptor 9-dependent pathway, in a rodent model of experimental colitis.
Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in grapes and wine, is an agonist for the estrogen receptor (1997)

The phytochemical resveratrol, which is found in grapes and wine, has been reported to have a variety of anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, and anti-carcinogenic effects. Based on its structural similarity to diethylstilbestrol, a synthetic estrogen, we examined whether resveratrol might be a phytoestrogen. At concentrations (approximately 3-10 microM) comparable to those required for its other biological effects, resveratrol inhibited the binding of labeled estradiol to the estrogen receptor and it activated transcription of estrogen-responsive reporter genes transfected into human breast cancer cells. This transcriptional activation was estrogen receptor-dependent, required an estrogen response element in the reporter gene, and was inhibited by specific estrogen antagonists. In some cell types (e.g., MCF-7 cells), resveratrol functioned as a superagonist (i.e., produced a greater maximal transcriptional response than estradiol) whereas in others it produced activation equal to or less than that of estradiol. Resveratrol also increased the expression of native estrogen-regulated genes, and it stimulated the proliferation of estrogen-dependent T47D breast cancer cells. We conclude that resveratrol is a phytoestrogen and that it exhibits variable degrees of estrogen receptor agonism in different test systems. The estrogenic actions of resveratrol broaden the spectrum of its biological actions and may be relevant to the reported cardiovascular benefits of drinking wine.
Introduction to the mechanics of a continuous medium (1969)

1. Vectors and Tensors. 2. Strain and Deformation. 3. General Principles. 4. Constitutive Equations. 5. Fluid Mechanics. 6. Linearized Theory of Elasticity. Appendix I: Tensors. Appendix II: Orthogonal Curvilinear.
Synthesis of 6-substituted thieno[3,2-b]pyrroles (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 6-substituted thieno[3,2-b]pyrrolesRonald L. Keener, Frederick S. Skelton, and Harold Ray SnyderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 4, 1355–1359Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01268a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01268a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Topical levocabastine, a selective H1 antagonist, in seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (1987)

Sixty-six patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis due to birch pollens, participated in an efficacy evaluation of topically applied, nasal and ocular, levocabastine, a highly selective H1 antagonist. A single blind comparison was performed between nasal levocabastine and flunisolide, a topical glucocorticoid preparation. Ocular levocabastine was compared with topical naphazoline/antazoline eye drops. Nasal and ocular symptom scores were recorded during a 31-day period. Pollen counts of birch pollens were done simultaneously. A global assessment of treatment efficacy was also made. In the comparison between the ocular treatments a significantly higher number of patients cited levocabastine excellent--it also had the advantage of fewer daily administrations. For nasal symptom scores the topical glucocorticosteroid therapy was in favour by number of sneezes. As for side effects, 44% of the patients complained of local irritation from naphazoline/antazoline eye drops or flunisolide nasal spray, but none with the levocabastine preparations. Topical levocabastine may provide an interesting alternative in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Cancer proteomics: From identification of novel markers to creation of artifical learning models for tumor classification (2000)

Studies of global protein expression in human tumors have led to the identification of various polypeptide markers, potentially useful as diagnostic tools. Many changes in gene expression recorded between benign and malignant human tumors are due to post-translational modifications, not detected by analyses of RNA. Proteome analyses have also yielded information about tumor heterogeneity and the degree of relatedness between primary tumors and their metastases. Results from our own studies have shown a similar pattern of changes in protein expression in different epithelial tumors, such as decreases in tropomyosin and cytokeratin expression and increases in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and heat shock protein expression. Such information has been used to create artificial learning models for tumor classification. The artificial learning approach has potential to improve tumor diagnosis and cancer treatment prediction.
Generation of Human Cytotoxic T Cells Specific for Human Carcinoembryonic Antigen Epitopes From Patients Immunized With Recombinant Vaccinia-CEA Vaccine (1995)

These findings have implications in the development of specific second-generation cancer immunotherapy protocols.
Crystallization of ornithine acetyltransferase from yeast by counter-diffusion and preliminary X-ray study (2006)

A study is presented on the crystallization of ornithine acetyltransferase from yeast, which catalyzes the fifth step in microbial arginine synthesis. The use of the counter-diffusion technique removes the disorder present in one dimension in crystals grown by either the batch or hanging-drop techniques. This makes the difference between useless crystals and crystals that allow successful determination of the structure of the protein. The crystals belong to space group P4, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 66.98, c = 427.09 A, and a data set was collected to 2.76 A.
Gene expression in the developing mouse retina by EST sequencing and microarray analysis (2001)

Retinal development occurs in mice between embryonic day E11.5 and post-natal day P8 as uncommitted neuroblasts assume retinal cell fates. The genetic pathways regulating retinal development are being identified but little is understood about the global networks that link these pathways together or the complexity of the expressed gene set required to form the retina. At E14.5, the retina contains mostly uncommitted neuroblasts and newly differentiated neurons. Here we report a sequence analysis of an E14.5 retinal cDNA library. To date, we have archived 15 268 ESTs and have annotated 9035, which represent 5288 genes. The fraction of singly occurring ESTs as a function of total EST accrual suggests that the total number of expressed genes in the library could approach 27 000. The 9035 ESTs were categorized by their known or putative functions. Representation of the genes involved in eye development was significantly higher in the retinal clone set compared with the NIA mouse 15K cDNA clone set. Screening with a microarray containing 864 cDNA clones using wild-type and brn-3b (-/-) retinal cDNA probes revealed a potential regulatory linkage between the transcription factor Brn-3b and expression of GAP-43, a protein associated with axon growth. The retinal EST database will be a valuable platform for gene expression profiling and a new source for gene discovery.
Time Series and Cross-sectional Dynamics of Accounting Rate of Return and the Prediction of Cash Flow Per Ordinary Share (2009)

This paper investigates the time series and cross-sectional behaviour of the Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) and tests whether ARR is a good predictor of the Cash Flow Per Share (CFPS). Both of these financial variables are of interest to investors, financial analysts and academic researchers. To address these research questions, we use the Butler, Holland and Tippett (1994) model and ordinary least squares regressions to a sample of 44 Australian firms for the period from 1970 to 1990. Time series results indicate that ARR follows a mean-reverting process at individual and aggregate levels, and that it is a poor predictor of CFPS. Cross-sectional results for ARR and CFPS suggest random processes without substantial drift patterns.
Correctness by construction: developing a commercial secure system (2002)

Praxis Critical Systems recently developed a secure certification authority for smart cards that had to satisfy performance and usability requirements while meeting stringent security constraints. The authors used a systematic process from requirements elicitation through formal specification, user interface prototyping, rigorous design, and coding to ensure these objectives' achievement. They show how a process that achieves normal commercial productivity can deliver a highly reliable system that meets all its throughput and usability goals.
Effects of phosphorothioate capping on antivense oligonucleotide stability, hybridization and antiviral efficacy versus herpes simplex virus infection (1991)

Efforts have been made to improve the biological stability of phosphodiester (PO) oligonucleotides by the addition of various modifications to either the 3', 5' or both the 3' and 5' ends of an oligonucleotide. ISIS 1080, a phosphorothioate (PS) 21-mer oligonucleotide complementary to the internal AUG codon of UL13 mRNA in HSV-1, reduces the infectious yield of HSV-1 in HeLa cells to 9.0% +/- 11%. PO analogs of ISIS 1080 containing three PS linkages placed on the 3' (ISIS 1365), 5' (ISIS 1370), both the 3' and 5' (ISIS 1364) ends or with four linkages in the middle (ISIS 1400) demonstrated reduced antiviral efficacy compared to fully PS ISIS 1080. Thermal denaturation profiles demonstrated that these oligonucleotides hybridized to complementary DNA or RNA with equivalent binding affinities. All were able to support E. coli RNAse H cleavage of the HSV mRNA to which they were targeted. The stability of the congeners in cell culture medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), HeLa cytosolic extract, HeLa nuclear extract and in intact HeLa cells revealed that ISIS 1080 was most resistant to nucleolytic digestion through 48 hours. Partial PS oligonucleotides exhibited increased degradation compared to the fully thioated oligonucleotide by exonuclease activity in FCS and endonuclease activity in cell extracts or intact cells. Thus, the reduced efficacy of partial compared to fully PS oligonucleotides against HSV-1 in HeLa cells may result from increased degradation of the mixed PO/PS oligonucleotides.
Dramatic neuronal rescue with prolonged selective head cooling after ischemia in fetal lambs. (1997)

Hypothermia has been proposed as a neuroprotective strategy. However, short-term cooling after hypoxia-ischemia is effective only if started immediately during resuscitation. The aim of this study was to determine whether prolonged head cooling, delayed into the late postinsult period, improves outcome from severe ischemia. Unanesthetized near term fetal sheep were subject to 30 min of cerebral ischemia. 90 min later they were randomized to either cooling (n = 9) or sham cooling (n = 7) for 72 h. Intrauterine cooling was induced by a coil around the fetal head, leading initially to a fall in extradural temperature of 5-10 degrees C, and a fall in esophageal temperature of 1.5-3 degrees C. Cooling was associated with mild transient systemic metabolic effects, but not with hypotension or altered fetal heart rate. Cerebral cooling reduced secondary cortical cytotoxic edema (P < 0.001). After 5 d of recovery there was greater residual electroencephalogram activity (-5.2+/-1.6 vs. -15.5+/-1.5 dB, P < 0.001) and a dramatic reduction in the extent of cortical infarction and neuronal loss in all regions assessed (e.g., 40 vs. 99% in the parasagittal cortex, P < 0.001). Selective head cooling, maintained throughout the secondary phase of injury, is noninvasive and safe and shows potential for improving neonatal outcome after perinatal asphyxia.