gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The action of digitonin on rat liver mitochondria. The effects on enzyme content (1968)

1. The effects of repetitive treatment of rat liver mitochondria with digitonin were examined. The first treatment results in the removal of the outer membrane. Almost all the NADH-cytochrome c reductase (rotenone-insensitive) is lost whereas the major portions of the soluble and bound enzymes are retained. One exception appears to be the cytochromes, which undergo somewhat larger losses. The resulting inner-membrane complex carries out oxidative phosphorylation and P(i)-ATP exchange. 2. The properties of the inner-membrane complex are affected by the osmoticity of the medium. When it is suspended in water little protein is lost but there is a marked loss of phosphorylation. If after the suspension in water the particulate fraction is reisolated by centrifugation and treated with digitonin, or if the aqueous suspension is treated directly with digitonin and the particulate fraction then reisolated, the phosphorylation is largely restored. 3. Additional treatment of the inner mitochondrial complex with digitonin results in the formation of a particulate fraction that contains approx. 8% of the initial mitochondrial protein, no outer membrane, no soluble mitochondrial enzymes and is still capable of coupled oxidative phosphorylation and P(i)-ATP exchange. These effects cannot be reproduced by treatment with water. 4. The rat liver mitochondria and all of the resulting preparations obtained after digitonin treatment may be stored for long periods in dimethyl sulphoxide with little change of activity.
Inferring friendship network structure by using mobile phone data (2009)

Data collected from mobile phones have the potential to provide insight into the relational dynamics of individuals. This paper compares observational data from mobile phones with standard self-report survey data. We find that the information from these two data sources is overlapping but distinct. For example, self-reports of physical proximity deviate from mobile phone records depending on the recency and salience of the interactions. We also demonstrate that it is possible to accurately infer 95% of friendships based on the observational data alone, where friend dyads demonstrate distinctive temporal and spatial patterns in their physical proximity and calling patterns. These behavioral patterns, in turn, allow the prediction of individual-level outcomes such as job satisfaction.
Stoichiometric Reactions of Acylnickel(II) Complexes with Electrophiles and the Catalytic Synthesis of Ketones (2014)

Acylnickel(II) complexes feature prominently in cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) reactions that form ketones, yet their reactivity has not been systematically investigated. We present here our studies on the reactivity of acylnickel(II) complexes with a series of carbon electrophiles. Bromobenzene, α-chloroethylbenzene, bromooctane, and iodooctane were reacted with (dtbbpy)Ni<sup>II</sup>(C(O)C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>)(Br) (<b>1b</b>) and (dtbbpy)Ni<sup>II</sup>(C(O)tolyl)(Br) (<b>1c</b>) to form a variety of organic products. While reactions with bromobenzene formed complex mixtures of ketones, reactions with α-chloroethylbenzene were highly selective for the cross-ketone product. Reactions with iodooctane and bromooctane also produced the cross-ketone product, but in intermediate yield and selectivity. In most cases the presence or absence of a chemical reductant (zinc) had only a small effect on the selectivity of the reaction. The coupling of <b>1c</b> with iodooctane (60% yield) was translated into a catalytic reaction, the carbonylative coupling of bromoarenes with primary bromoalkanes (six examples, 60% average yield).
Matrix Protein of Rabies Virus Is Responsible for the Assembly and Budding of Bullet-Shaped Particles and Interacts with the Transmembrane Spike Glycoprotein G (1999)

To elucidate the functions of rhabdovirus matrix (M) protein, we determined the localization of M in rabies virus (RV) and analyzed the properties of an M-deficient RV mutant. We provide evidence that M completely covers the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) coil and keeps it in a condensed form. As determined by cosedimentation experiments, not only the M-RNP complex but also M alone was found to interact specifically with the glycoprotein G. In contrast, an interaction of G with the nucleoprotein N or M-less RNP was not observed. In the absence of M, infectious particles were mainly cell associated and the yield of cell-free infectious virus was reduced by as much as 500,000-fold, demonstrating the crucial role of M in virus budding. Supernatants from cells infected with the M-deficient RV did not contain the typical bullet-shaped rhabdovirus particles but instead contained long, rod-shaped virions, demonstrating severe impairment of the virus formation process. Complementation with M protein expressed from plasmids rescued rhabdovirus formation. These results demonstrate the pivotal role of M protein in condensing and targeting the RNP to the plasma membrane as well as in incorporation of G protein into budding virions.
A 320mV-to-1.2V on-die fine-grained reconfigurable fabric for DSP/media accelerators in 32nm CMOS (2010)

A 32 nm on-die fine-grained reconfigurable fabric for DSP/media accelerators is fabricated and occupies a 0.076 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die. The optimized hybrid arithmetic configurable logic blocks with self-decoded look-up tables, ultra-low voltage PVT-tolerant register file circuits and dual-supply operation help enable a 2.4 GHz nominal performance at 1.0 V and 320 mV-to-1.2 V dynamic voltage range. The peak energy efficiency is 2.6TOPS/W when measured at 340 mV and 50°C.
ESSAY: Edgar Lee Masters and the Poetics of Legal Realism (1994)

Literature does not recognize Reality as such, but only levels.Whether there is such a thing as reality, of which the various levels are only partial aspects, or whether there are only the levels, is something literature cannot decide.Literature recognizes the reality of the levels, and this is a reality (or "Reality") that it knows all the better, perhaps, for not having come to understand it by other cognitive processes.And that is already a great deal.
Molecular basis of the cell-surface expression of immunoglobulin mu chain without light chain in human B lymphocytes. (1987)

Four distinct human B-lymphoid cell lines possess the ability to circumvent the mechanism regulating intracellular transport of immunoglobulin protein. These cells do not produce light chains, yet they express mu heavy chains on the cell surface at comparable levels to B-cell lines that produce native forms of both proteins. The mu-chain mRNA produced in all four cell lines was found to contain an identical deletion of most of the heavy-chain variable (VH) region (75% of the 3' portion), with no apparent alteration in constant (C) region structure. The truncated mu (mu*)-chain mRNA in these cells was created through the use of a cryptic splice donor site found within the human VH gene(s) utilized by these B-cell lines. The truncated mu chains exhibited a decreased ability to associate with the intracellular transport regulatory protein, heavy-chain binding protein (BiP). This result indicates that VH region structure, in addition to C mu 1 region structure, influences the formation of the BiP recognition site on the heavy chain. Furthermore, it suggests that the mechanism allowing for cell-surface expression of the mu* chains in the absence of light-chain pairing is the inability of BiP to bind to the mu* chains and hence prevent their intracellular transport. The high frequency with which the mu-only surface immunoglobulin positive phenotype is present in our collection of human B-cell lines and the isolation of one of the cell lines from a healthy individual also suggest that B cells of this type may represent a significant subpopulation among the normal human B-cell repertoire.
Modeling Human-Agent Interaction with Active Ontologies (2007)

As computer systems continue to grow in power and access more networked content and services, we be-lieve there will be an increasing need to provide more user-centric systems that act as intelligent assistants, able to interact naturally with human users and with the information environment. Building such systems is a difficult task that requires expertise in many AI fields, ranging from reasoning, planning, scheduling, natural language and multimodal user interfaces. In contrast to many approaches to building agent assistants where diverse AI components are stitched together at a surface level, we propose an approach, called ”Ac-tive Ontologies”, and a toolset, called ”Active”, where a developer can model all aspects of an intelligent as-sistant: ontology-based knowledge structures, service-based primitive actions, composite processes and pro-cedures, and natural language and dialog structures. We demonstrate this approach through an example proto-type of an intelligent meeting scheduling assistant that communicates using instant messages and emails.
Pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin and its metabolites after single and multiple dosing in hypercholesterolaemic haemodialysis patients (2003)

While subtle differences may exist in the metabolic processing of atorvastatin in haemodialysis patients, active drug did not accumulate nor did it show enhanced elimination, and levels were comparable to those measured in healthy volunteers. Therefore there is no need to adapt atorvastatin dosage in this particular patient population.
Ultrasensitive and Broadband MoS2 Photodetector Driven by Ferroelectrics (2015)

A few-layer MoS2 photodetector driven by poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) ferroelectrics is achieved. The detectivity and responsitivity are up to 2.2 × 10(12) Jones and 2570 A W(-1), respectively, at 635 nm with ZERO gate bias. E(g) of MoS2 is tuned by the ultrahigh electrostatic field from the ferroelectric polarization. The photoresponse wavelengths of the photodetector are extended into the near-infrared (0.85-1.55 μm).
Access as a substitute for holdings: false ideal, costly reality? (1995)

Argues that the much‐advocated switch from holdings to access has serious snags where current material is concerned. Libraries should discard most of their stock of older material and provide access to more current material. This requires the existence of a centralized collection of older material available to users.
Spider Silk - Structure, Properties and Spinning (2006)

Many of the natural fibers offer excellent properties suitable for various applications in apparel and non-apparel areas. Spider silk is a filamentous natural protein fiber produced by the spiders. Dragline silk produced by the spider offers superior properties than many of the natural and synthetic fibers. The natural spinning process, chemical composition, structure and properties of spider silk had remained mystery for a long time. Systematic attempts made in the biological aspects, structure of the silk proteins have become fruitful in spinning and regenerating this wonder fiber.
Circulating Tumor DNA as a Liquid Biopsy for Cancer (2014)

Although the analysis of ctDNA is a promising area, and despite all efforts to develop suitable tools for a comprehensive analysis of tumor genomes from plasma DNA, the liquid biopsy is not yet routinely used as a clinical application. Harmonization of preanalytical and analytical procedures is needed to provide clinical standards to validate the liquid biopsy as a clinical biomarker in well-designed and sufficiently powered multicenter studies.
Combined SCA and DFA Countermeasures Integrable in a FPGA Design Flow (2009)

The main challenge when implementing cryptographic algorithms in hardware is to protect them against attacks that target directly the device. Two strategies are customarily employed by malevolent adversaries: observation and differential perturbation attacks, also called SCA and DFA in the abundant scientific literature on this topic. Numerous research efforts have been carried out to defeat respectively SCA or DFA. However, few publications deal with concomitant protection against both threats. The current consensus is to devise algorithmic countermeasures to DFA and subsequently to synthesize the DFA-protected design thanks to a DPA-resistant CAD flow. In this article, we put to the fore that this approach is the best neither in terms of performance nor of relevance. Notably, the contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that the strongest SCA countermeasure known so far, namely the dual-rail with precharge logic styles that do not evaluate early, happen surprisingly to be almost natively immune to most DFAs. Therefore, unexpected two-in-one solutions against SCA and DFA indeed exist and deserve a closer attention, because they ally simplicity with efficiency. In particular, we illustrate a logic style, called WDDL without early evaluation (WDDL w/o EE), and a design flow that realizes in practice one possible combined DPA and DFA counter-measure especially suited for reconfigurable hardware.
Oleosins and Oil Bodies in Seeds and Other Organs (1996)

Diverse organisms store lipids in subcellular particles as food reserves, which will be mobilized during a forthcoming period of active metabolism. These lipid particles can be found in the seeds, pollens, flowers, roots, and stems of flowering plants, the spores and vegetative organs of nonflowering plants, and algae. They are also present in some animal cells, fungi, and Euglena. Of a11 these subcellular
CONTROL OF CARBON AND NITROGEN METABOLISM IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS (1991)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Working in Teams Kim Jelphs and Helen DickinsonWorking in TeamsPolicy Press 126 £12.99 978-1847420336 1847420338 (2008)

TEAMWORK IS crucial in contemporary nursing environments because it helps ensure that problems are solved, and that the best is obtained from staff and resources. As this book makes clear, however, nurse managers strive for good teamwork but sometimes fail to achieve it, in part because they are idealistic about good teamwork, even though it is complicated and often difficult to achieve.
Intratumoral Vaccination and Diversified Subcutaneous/ Intratumoral Vaccination with Recombinant Poxviruses Encoding a Tumor Antigen and Multiple Costimulatory Molecules (2004)

These studies demonstrate that the diversified vaccine regimens that consisted of s.c. prime and i.t. boosts with CEA/TRICOM vectors could induce antitumor therapy superior to that seen by either route alone.
Different Evolutionary Trajectories of European Avian-Like and Classical Swine H1N1 Influenza A Viruses (2009)

In 1979, a lineage of avian-like H1N1 influenza A viruses emerged in European swine populations independently from the classical swine H1N1 virus lineage that had circulated in pigs since the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918. To determine whether these two distinct lineages of swine-adapted A/H1N1 viruses evolved from avian-like A/H1N1 ancestors in similar ways, as might be expected given their common host species and origin, we compared patterns of nucleotide and amino acid change in whole genome sequences of both groups. An analysis of nucleotide compositional bias across all eight genomic segments for the two swine lineages showed a clear lineage-specific bias, although a segment-specific effect was also apparent. As such, there appears to be only a relatively weak host-specific selection pressure. Strikingly, despite each lineage evolving in the same species of host for decades, amino acid analysis revealed little evidence of either parallel or convergent changes. These findings suggest that although adaptation due to evolutionary lineages can be distinguished, there are functional and structural constraints on all gene segments and that the evolutionary trajectory of each lineage of swine A/H1N1 virus has a strong historical contingency. Thus, in the context of emergence of an influenza A virus strain via a host switch event, it is difficult to predict what specific polygenic changes are needed for mammalian adaptation.
Artificial Nine Zinc-Finger Peptide with 30 Base Pair Binding Sites (1998)

It is well-known that DNA binding of native nine zinc-finger protein TEIIIA is dominated by interaction of select few fingers. Newly designed zinc-finger peptide Sp1ZF9 containing nine Cys2-His2 type motifs has been manipulated. The DNA-binding property of Sp1ZF9 was compared with those of native three zinc-finger Sp1(530-623) and artificial six zinc-finger Sp1ZF6 peptides. Although the equilibrium time was less than 0.5 h for Sp1(530-623)-DNA complex, Sp1ZF6 and Sp1ZF9 required approximately 48 and 72 h, respectively, for full complex formation. Evidently, the footprinting analysis demonstrated that Sp1ZF9 and Sp1ZF6 bind at least 27 and 18 contiguous base pairs of DNA sequence, respectively. Sp1ZF9 showed two step bindings to DNA, namely first the recognition of GC (5'-GGG-GCG-GGGCC-3') sequence by the N-terminal Sp1 domain and next the recognition of the corresponding target sequences by the middle and C-terminal Sp1 domains. In contrast with unimolecular binding of Sp1ZF9 and Sp1ZF6, two Sp1(530-623) molecules bind to one GCIII (5'-GGG-GCG-GGG-GGG-GCG-GGG-GGG++ +-GCG-GGGCC-3') site region. Semispecific complex formed at the beginning of Sp1ZF9-DNA interaction has also been characterized by kinetic analysis using surface plasmon resonance. Interestingly, the association rate constants for GC and GCIII complexes of Sp1ZF9 are smaller than those of the corresponding Sp1(530-623) complexes. Of special interest is the fact that new nine zinc-finger peptide Sp1ZF9 can bind to DNA sequence of approximately 30 base pairs. Such multi zinc-finger peptides may be useful as genome-specific transcriptional switches in future.
Effects of sigmaS and the transcriptional activator AppY on induction of the Escherichia coli hya and cbdAB-appA operons in response to carbon and phosphate starvation (1997)

The transcriptional regulation of two energy metabolism operons, hya and cbdAB-appA, has been investigated during carbon and phosphate starvation. The hya operon encodes hydrogenase 1, and the cbdAB-appA operon encodes cytochrome bd-II oxidase and acid phosphatase, pH 2.5. Both operons are targets for the transcriptional activator AppY. In exponential growth, expression of the hya and cbd operons was reduced in an rpoS mutant lacking the RNA polymerase sigmaS factor, and the induction of the two operons by entry into stationary phase in rich medium was strongly dependent on sigmaS. Both operons were induced by carbon starvation, but only induction of the hya operon was dependent on sigmaS, whereas that of the cbd promoter was dependent on AppY. The appY gene also showed sigmaS-dependent induction by carbon starvation. The cbd and hya operons were also found to exhibit a sigmaS-dependent transient twofold induction by osmotic upshift. Like the cbd operon, the hya operon was highly induced by phosphate starvation. For both operons the induction was strongly dependent on AppY. The induction ratio of the two operons was the same in rpoS+ and rpoS mutant strains, indicating that the phosphate starvation-induced increase in sigmaS concentration is not involved in the phosphate regulation of these operons.
Prediction of Dengue Incidence Using Search Query Surveillance (2011)

Internet search terms predict incidence and periods of large incidence of dengue with high accuracy and may prove useful in areas with underdeveloped surveillance systems. The methods presented here use freely available data and analysis tools and can be readily adapted to other settings.
Polyimide - Substrate Bonding Studies Using&lt;tex&gt;gamma&lt;/tex&gt;-APS Coupling Agent (1986)

Application of polyimides in microelectronics fabrication for interlevel dielectric, passivation, or device isolation requires that the polymer films maintain interface integrity with a variety of surfaces at high temperature and during solvent processing. y-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane (y-APS) in aqueous solution is the most commonly employed adhesion promoter for the bonding of polyimides to inorganic substrates including silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and ceramic. The adhesion of pyromellitic-dianhydride-oxydianiline (PMDA-ODA) derived polyimide films on y-APS-treated silicon oxide and silicon nitride surfaces under high-temperature processing is considered. Using the standard 90° peel test for adhesion measurements, it is shown that polymer-substrate interface stability is completely maintained even after multiple thermal cycles with 25° <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\rightarrow</tex> 375° <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\rightarrow</tex> 25°C excursions in nitrogen and in forming gas ambients. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the polyimide side and the substrate surface exposed in the peel adhesion measurement was used to ascertain the elemental composition and detailed chemistry at the locus of failure. These data show that the peel occurs within the polyimide film near the polymer/substrate interface.
Parameter variations and impact on circuits and microarchitecture (2003)

Parameter variation in scaled technologies beyond 90nm will pose a major challenge for design of future high performance microprocessors. In this paper, we discuss process, voltage and temperature variations; and their impact on circuit and microarchitecture. Possible solutions to reduce the impact of parameter variations and to achieve higher frequency bins are also presented.
Luxación pura de facetas articulares T11-T12 sin secuelas neurológicas (2006)

La luxacion bilateral pura de facetas articulares
(LFA) a nivel de la columna toracica, es una entidad
rara pero que da lugar a graves lesiones medulares
en un alto porcentaje de casos. En la gran mayoria
de los casos se produce por un mecanismo de flexiondistraccion.
Presentamos el caso de un varon que sufrio un
politraumatismo con importantes lesiones toraco-abdominales
y esqueleticas, por lo que estuvo ingresado en
un hospital comarcal, y al que, un mes despues, se le
diagnostico una luxacion bilateral de facetas articulares
a nivel T11-T12, que en un principio paso desapercibida.
El diagnostico se obtuvo mediante las radiografias
simples y la TC con reconstruccion sagital. Fue intervenido
quirurgicamente para realizar la reduccion de
la luxacion y fijacion instrumentada a nivel T11-T12.
La recuperacion fue completa en la primera semana
postoperatoria.
La LFA pura a nivel toracico, en un elevado porcentaje,
se asocia a lesiones toracoabdominales que agravan
el proceso y pueden contribuir a que las LFA pasen
inadvertidas inicialmente, sobre todo en pacientes sin
afectacion neurologica, con riesgo de provocar un dano
neurologico secundario. La TC con reconstruccion
sagital nos permite realizar un diagnostico adecuado
y precoz. El tratamiento es quirurgico, tanto para la
reduccion como para la fijacion posterior, ya que se
trata de una lesion altamente inestable. El pronostico
es malo en pacientes con lesiones medulares completas,
mientras que la mejoria es frecuente en los casos de
lesion incompleta.