gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human recognition using transient auditory evoked potentials: a preliminary study (2018)

This study presents a new technique for human recognition using transient auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). AEPs are electrical potentials that are triggered by stimulating ears with auditory stimulus reflecting the neural response from the cochlea to the auditory cortex. These signals feature some advantages over conventional biometric traits as they cannot be easily forged or stolen like fingerprints or faces. Moreover, these signals are cancellable and can be changed by modifying the auditory stimulus. This allows system reuse even if the registered signal was breached. To investigate the biometric potential of this signal, a database of ten subjects was collected where transient AEPs signals were recorded by stimulating the left and the right ears separately. Machine learning techniques were employed to extract unique features for each subject using 1D convolutional neural network. The proposed system was evaluated over single‐session and two‐session recordings. Moreover, a fusion of left and right ear stimulated AEP signals was adopted for performance improvement. Using single‐session and two‐session recordings, the proposed system achieved a correct recognition rate over 95% and an equal error rate below 7%. The achieved results show that AEPs carry subject discriminative features allowing the possibility of employing AEP signal as a biometric trait.
Cimaterol-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy and Altered Endocrine Status in Lambs (1987)

The objectives of this study were 1) to determine how cellular growth of skeletal muscle is altered by the repartitioning agent cimaterol and 2) to determine if cimaterol alters endocrine status in association with its repartitioning effects. Thirty Dorset wether lambs were randomly assigned to a pre-treatment baseline group or received 0 or 10 ppm cimaterol in a complete, mixed, high-concentrate diet for 7 or 12 wk. Weights of biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles were 32.8, 27.1 and 31.5% greater, respectively, in treated lambs at 7 wk, and were 22 to 24% greater at 12 wk. Longissimus (LD) cross-sectional area was 26 and 32% greater at these treatment intervals. Percent type I fibers declined significantly over the course of the experiment in ST, SM and LD, and cimaterol caused a small but significant reduction in percent type I fibers in the ST at 7 and 12 wk. Muscles from lambs fed cimaterol contained 50 and 75% more fibers that exhibited negative staining for phosphorylase activity. Mean cross-sectional area of type I and type II fibers in the combined portions of the ST were 30.4 and 29.3% greater, respectively, in cimaterol-fed lambs after 12 wk, while type I and type II fiber areas in the longissimus were only 13 and 15% greater, respectively. Cimaterol-induced hypertrophy of the ST resulted in both protein and RNA content being 30 to 35% greater (P less than .01) at 7 and 12 wk, while DNA concentration was 22% less (P less than .01) at 7 wk. DNA concentration returned to normal by 12 wk. These results indicate that cimaterol elicits a rapid increase in muscle RNA and protein accretion without concurrent incorporation of satellite cell nuclei. Plasma insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations were 55 and 34% lower, respectively, in cimaterol-fed lambs. Plasma somatotropin concentration and area under the curve were 2.3 times greater (P less than .01) in lambs fed cimaterol for 6 wk, while plasma cortisol, prolactin and glucose concentration were unaffected at 6 or 12 wk. The significant changes in endocrine status may be important in the mechanism(s) of cimaterol in altering muscle accretion.
Mycobacterial infection of macrophages results in membrane-permeable phagosomes (1999)

Cell-mediated immunity is critical for host resistance to tuberculosis. T lymphocytes recognizing antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules have been found to be necessary for control of mycobacterial infection. Mice genetically deficient in the generation of MHC class I and class Ia responses are susceptible to mycobacterial infection. Although soluble protein antigens are generally presented by macrophages to T cells through MHC class II molecules, macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or bacille Calmette-Guerin have been shown to facilitate presentation of ovalbumin through the MHC class I presentation pathway via a TAP-dependent mechanism. How mycobacteria, thought to reside within membrane-bound vacuoles, facilitate communication with the cytoplasm and enable MHC class I presentation presents a paradox. By using confocal microscopy to study the localization of fluorescent-tagged dextrans of varying size microinjected intracytoplasmically into macrophages infected with bacille Calmette-Guerin expressing the green fluorescent protein, molecules as large as 70 kilodaltons were shown to gain access to the mycobacterial phagosome. Possible biological consequences of the permeabilization of vacuolar membranes by mycobacteria would be pathogen access to host cell nutrients within the cytoplasm, perhaps contributing to bacterial pathogenesis, and access of microbial antigens to the MHC class I presentation pathway, contributing to host protective immune responses.
Temperature dependence of the electronic structure of oxides: MgO, MgAl2O4and Al2O3 (1990)

We have studied the room temperature optical reflectivity of MgO, MgAl2O4, and α-Al2O3 from 5 to 40eV using a novel spectrophotometer with a laser plasma light source. Structure in the imaginary component of the dielectric response is analysed using critical point line shapes, and the origins of the major transitions in MgO and MgAl2O4 are determined using an ab initio pseudofunction band structure calculation of MgO. The exciton reflectivity has been studied in the three materials at temperatures between 300 and 1500 K, and exciton-phonon coupling appears to increase from MgO to α-Al2O3. The temperature dependence of the higher lying interband transitions in MgO has been determined to 1100 K, and we find that while the temperature dependence of the onset transitions at Γ and X are nearly identical (− 1.22meV/K at Γ), higher lying transitions have very different temperature dependences. Furthermore with increasing temperature the X point valence band separation increases at a rate of 0.38meV/K, while the conduction band separation at X decreases at −0.41meV/K.
Power spectrum estimates of high frequency noise generated by high impedance arcing faults on distribution systems / by Thomas James Talley (1979)

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Clinical predictors of early fluoxetine treatment response in obsessive–compulsive disorder (2006)

Despite wide use, relatively little is known about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that predict early fluoxetine response. What research has been conducted has produced inconsistent findings, which may be due to the statistical procedures used, and no studies to date have examined predictors of early fluoxetine treatment response. Sixty adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) completed an open-label fluoxetine trial for 8 weeks (up to 40 mg) after a 1-week, single-blind, placebo run-in before baseline assessment. The baseline and posttreatment assessment battery included the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Patient characteristics included illness duration, age, age of onset, gender, and pharmacological treatment history. Independent t-tests and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that longer illness duration, older age, and greater symptom severity were associated with nonresponse. Our findings highlight the impact of functional psychiatric impairment on determining those who may respond to treatment. Furthermore, findings suggest early predictors of patients with certain characteristics who may ultimately need adjunctive care to facilitate response.
Dietary influences on urinary oxalate and risk of kidney stones (2003)

Calcium oxalate is the most common constituent of kidney stones. Increases in urinary oxalate increase risk of calcium oxalate supersaturation more than increases in urinary calcium, as the physiological level of oxalate is about one-fifth to one-tenth that of urinary calcium. Urinary oxalate derives from two sources: endogenous synthesis and diet. Endogenous synthesis is proportional to lean body mass, and cannot be altered by any current treatment. Dietary oxalate is found in all plant foods. A single food may vary 2-15 fold in oxalate content, depending on variety and growth conditions. The salt form of oxalate, whether sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium is likely to affect absorption, but has been little studied. Absorption of oxalate from food sources typically is 3-8% of its total oxalate in non-stone-forming individuals. Recent research shows that 40-50% of urinary oxalate comes from the diet of healthy individuals consuming typical diets with 150-250 mg/d dietary oxalate. However, a subpopulation of oxalate "hyperabsorbers" is found in most studies of stoneforming patients. It is likely that all stone formers will benefit from reduction of dietary oxalate, but especially hyperoxaluric stone formers.
Thermodynamic analysis of an antibody functional epitope (1993)

We have probed the relative contribution of polar and nonpolar interactions to antibody-antigen interaction by measuring the effect of single amino acid substitutions in an humanized anti-p185HER2 antibody (hu4D5-5) on the thermodynamics of antigen binding. First we mapped the functional epitope by complete alanine-scan mutagenesis of the antibody complementarity-determining region (CDR). Four residues, H91 in VL and R50, W95, and Y100a in VH, make large contributions to the free energy of binding (delta delta G > 3 kcal mol-1) and have delta delta G > delta delta H. These residues are clustered in a shallow pocket on the antibody surface in the X-ray structure determined for hu4D5 Fv. The majority of other CDR residues make less energetically important contributions (delta delta G < 1 kcal mol-1) to binding but have delta delta H > delta delta G, suggesting that the wild-type side chain does contact antigen but the loss in entropy, perhaps through restriction of side-chain conformational freedom, offsets the favorable enthalpic term. Effects of Phe and Ala substitutions on the delta G and delta Cp of antigen binding indicate that the favorable contribution of antibody tyrosine residues to binding results primarily from burial of the aromatic ring in the interface with antigen. Burial of the phenyl ring has a favorable delta H at 25 degrees C but at least for one site (VL-Y92) is opposed by delta S. This latter feature is inconsistent with the thermodynamics predicted for the hydrophobic effect based on hydrocarbon-transfer experiments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Two regions of the bifunctional protein aspartokinase I- homoserine dehydrogenase I are connected by a short hinge. (1981)

Four proteases differing in their specificity, i.e. subtilisin, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin and V8 staphylococcal protease, cleave the bifunctional protein Escherichia coli aspartokinase I-homoserine dehydrogenase I (composed of 820 residues) producing an active homoserine dehydrogenase fragment. This cleavage occurs within a short segment of the polypeptide chain extending from residue 293 to residue 300.
A phase I study of MORAb-003, a humanized monoclonal antibody against folate receptor alpha, in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (2008)

5517 Background: MORAb-003 (M3) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the folate receptor alpha (FRA) which is over- expressed in the majority of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) but largely absent from normal tissue. Binding of M3 to FRA can prevent phosphorylation of substrates specific for Lyn kinase, suppress proliferation of cells expressing FRA and tumor growth in vivo of FRA- expressing tumors in xenograft models and mediate FRA-positive tumor cell killing. This open-label, multiple-infusion, first-in-human, dose- escalation trial evaluates the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and anti-tumor activity of M3 in patients with platinum-resistant EOC. Methods: Platinum-resistant patients with EOC received 4 weekly infusions of M3. In this dose escalation study 3 subjects were dosed sequentially in each of the following dose cohorts: 12.5, 25, 37.5, 62.5, 100, 200mg/m2, and 6 in the 400mg/m2. Human anti-human antibody (HAHA) and PK analyses were performed. Three subjects received a tracer dose of 111In-labelled M3 with SPECT-CT and planar imaging. Results: The study has been completed. No dose-limiting toxicities, no drug-related serious or severe AEs or trends have been observed. After 1 cycle (4 weeks) of treatment with M3, CT evaluation by RECIST identified 7 subjects who demonstrated stable disease. Four subjects exhibited a decrease in CA-125. Three subjects were given M3 as extended therapy, based on the response seen after one cycle. One subject received 2 additional cycles of M3, resulting in a 48% decrease of CA-125 over a 4-month period. Radiolabelled tracer studies demonstrated significant tumor uptake of labeled M3. HAHA studies were negative for most time points; those above the positive/negative cut point did not appear to be of clinical significance. Preliminary PK analysis demonstrates a half-life appropriate for a humanized monoclonal antibody. Conclusions: M3 appears to be well tolerated in patients with EOC and may have activity in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Based on this study and the results of an ongoing exploratory phase 2 study in relapsed EOC, phase 2 studies of M3 in platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant EOC are planned. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Morphotek, Inc.
DNA—The Ultimate Phosphorus Polymer (1992)

31P NMR spectroscopy serves as an important probe of the conformation and dynamics of nucleic acids, particularly the sugar phosphate backbone, which is not well defined by 2D 1H/1H NOESY data. The 31P NMR spectra of various 14-base pair lac operators free and bound to both wild-type and mutant lac repressor headpiece proteins (N-terminal 56-residue fragments) were analyzed to provide information on the backbone conformation in the complexes. It is proposed that specific, tight-binding operator-protein complexes retain the inherent phosphate ester conformational flexibility of the operator itself, whereas the phosphate esters are conformationally restricted in the weak-binding operator-protein complexes. This retention of backbone torsional freedom in tight complexes is entropically favorable and provides a new mechanism for protein discrimination of different operator binding sites. It demonstrates the potential importance of phosphate geometry and flexibility on protein recognition and binding. The 1H and 31P resonances of the 3′-thymidine phosphorodithioate decamer d(CGCTpS-2TpS-2AAGCG) were assigned by two-dimensional NMR and the solution structure determined. Other dithiophosphate anti-sense oligonucleotides are described.
Adult rat optic nerve oligodendrocyte progenitor cells express a distinct repertoire of voltage‐ and ligand‐gated ion channels (1995)

Cultured oligodendrocyte progenitor cells derived from the developing central nervous system (CNS) express a pattern of ion channels that is distinct from mature oligodendrocytes and other cell types of the CNS. In the present study, we used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique and the fura-2-based Ca++ imaging system to study the ion channel expression of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells derived from the optic nerves of adult rats. We found that the adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cell membrane is dominated by K+ currents, both delayed outward and inward rectifying. The inwardly rectifying K+ currents were often as large as the outward delayed rectifying K+ currents. The delayed rectifying outward currents were partially blocked by 50 mM tetraethylammonium or 1 mM 4-aminopyridine, but not by 2 or 5 mM BaCl2. This suggests that the delayed rectifier channels expressed by adult progenitor cells are different from those expressed by perinatal cells. Most adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells showed no or only small A-type K+ currents. Both Ca++ and Na+ channels were also detected in these cells. Furthermore, adult progenitor cells responded to the neurotransmitters GABA and kainate and the pharmacology of these responses indicated that these cells express GABAA receptors and kainate receptors that are Ca(++)-permeable. Our study suggests that adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are electrophysiologically distinct and that these cells share electrophysiological characteristics with both perinatal progenitor cells and immature oligodendrocytes.
Octacosanol affects lipid metabolism in rats fed on a high-fat diet (1995)

The effect of dietary octacosanol, a long-chain alcohol, on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed on a high-fat diet for 20 d. The addition of octacosanol (10 g/kg diet) to the high-fat diet led to a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the perirenal adipose tissue weight without decrease of the cell number, suggesting that octacosanol may suppress lipid accumulation in this tissue, whereas no effect was seen in the epididymal adipose tissue weight and in the lipid content in liver. Octacosanol supplementation decreased the serum triacylglycerol concentration, and enhanced the concentration of serum fatty acids, probably through inhibition of hepatic phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.4). Though the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) was not influenced by octacosanol, higher activities of lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) in the perirenal adipose tissue and the total oxidation rate of fatty acid in muscle were observed. Lipid absorption was not affected by the inclusion of octacosanol. Thus, the present results suggest that the dietary incorporation of octacosanol into a high-fat diet affects some aspects of lipid metabolism.
Thermal regulation of beta-galactosidase synthesis using anti-sense RNA directed against the coding portion of the mRNA. (1985)

The in vivo production of RNA that is complementary to the mRNA of a particular target gene (anti-sense RNA) appears to be an effective tool for the regulation of genes in Escherichia coli (Coleman, J., Green, P.J., and Inouye, M. (1984) Cell 37, 429-436). These investigators demonstrated that short anti-sense transcripts which are complementary to the ribosome binding site of the target mRNA are overwhelmingly the most effective in blocking protein synthesis. We have constructed plasmids which produce thermally regulated anti-sense transcripts of three regions of the E. coli lac Z gene coding sequence, and have examined the relative effects of these constructs on the synthesis of the lac Z gene product, beta-galactosidase. We conclude that there is a strong correlation between the length of RNA complementarity and the suppression of beta-galactosidase synthesis. Furthermore, a significant inhibition of translation can be obtained when the anti-sense transcript lacks complementarity to the 5' noncoding region of the mRNA, provided that the extent of complementarity with the coding sequence is considerable.
James Sherard's garden at Eltham (1929)

Journal Article James Sherard's garden at Eltham Get access H. Hannen H. Hannen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CLVII, Issue aug24, 24 August 1929, Page 141, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CLVII.aug24.141e Published: 24 August 1929
Ultrathin CVD Cu Seed Layer Formation Using Copper Oxynitride Deposition and Room Temperature Remote Hydrogen Plasma Reduction (2008)

Cu seed layers for future interconnects must have conformal step coverage, smooth surface morphology, and strong adhesion. Conformal deposition had been achieved by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), but CVD Cu films have rough surfaces and poor adhesion. In this paper, conformal, smooth, adherent, continuous, and thin Cu films were made by CVD. CuON was deposited from a Cu-amidinate precursor, , and at 140– on Ru. Crystallites in the deposited film have either a or structure depending on the ratio of to . As-deposited CuON films have a smooth surface morphology [ root-mean-square (rms) roughness] and are highly conformal ( step coverage in 40:1 aspect ratio holes). The CuON films were then reduced with remote hydrogen plasma near room temperature to minimize agglomeration of the thin Cu films during reduction. After reduction, CuON films having a crystal structure showed a higher density Cu film than those having a crystal structure . Both reduced Cu films had a smooth morphology ( rms roughness). Thus, deposition of a CuON film having a crystal structure and then reduction with remote hydrogen plasma can make Cu layers that can serve as seed layers of future Cu interconnects.
Real-time mapping of the subepithelial nerve plexus by in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (2010)

The described method permits real-time in vivo mapping of the SEP, thus providing the necessary basis for statistically robust conclusions concerning morphometric plexus alterations.
1-Hydroxy-1-phosphono-2-(trimethylarsonium-1-yl)ethanephosphonate monohydrate (2006)

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C5H15AsO7P2·H2O, hydrogen-bonded sheets are formed which contain bis­phospho­nate(1−) groups and water mol­ecules alternating with trimethyl­arsonium groups.
Current status of estrogen receptors in human breast cancer (1975)

In estrogen target tissues and hormone-dependent tumors, the steroid enters the cells and binds to a cytoplasmic protein called the estrogen receptor (ER). The steroid-receptor complex then migrates to the nuclei, where it initiates the biochemicial events characteristic of estrogen stimulation. Since ER is absent in tissues not responsive to estrogen, recent studies have asked whether ER assays in human breast cancer tissue might be used to identify those patients likely to respond to endocrine therapy. Data on 436 clinical trials contributed from a dozen centers around the world now clearly indicate that if a patient's tumor does not contain ER, there is virtually no chance of tumor regression following endocrine therapy. A large number of patients can be thus spared unrewarding major endocrine ablative therapy if ER assays are performed routinely. Of tumors with positiev ER, 55-60% respond to endocrine therapy. This single piece of data, when coupled with available clinical prognostic factors such as menopausal status, disease free interval, site of the dominant lesion, and especially response to previous hormonal therapies, should be practicing oncologist to select or reject endocrine therapy with considerable confidence.
Thiopurines, DNA damage, DNA repair and therapy-related cancer (2006)

The increased chemical reactivity of DNA 6-thioguanine underlies its cytotoxic effects and is an important contributor to the anti-leukaemic effects of the thiopurines. The same enhanced reactivity may contribute to the increased risk of acute myeloid leukaemia and skin cancer in thiopurine-treated organ transplant patients.
Dissecting Inflammatory Complications in Critically Injured Patients by Within-Patient Gene Expression Changes: A Longitudinal Clinical Genomics Study (2011)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00257231