gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular sieve sensors for selective detection at the nanogram level (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular sieve sensors for selective detection at the nanogram levelThomas Bein, Kelly Brown, Gregory C. Frye, and C. Jeffrey BrinkerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 19, 7640–7641Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00201a069Request reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction of Mycobacterium avium complex with human macrophages: roles of membrane receptors and serum proteins (1991)

Invasive, disease-associated members of the Mycobacterium avium complex are facultative intracellular pathogens of mammalian macrophages. The mechanism(s) by which M. avium is ingested by mononuclear phagocytes is unknown. We examined the role of membrane receptors on macrophages as well as the role of opsonic components of the serum (complement, fibronectin, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in the attachment and ingestion of M. avium by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Preincubation of serum with antibodies against C3 and fibronectin, in contrast to preincubation of serum with antibodies against complement-reactive protein and fibrinogen, significantly reduced the binding of M. avium to macrophages in concentration-dependent manner (57 to 93% and 35 to 61% inhibition by anti-C3 and anti-fibronectin antibody, respectively, in a concentration range of 25 to 100 micrograms/ml). We also observed that incubation of macrophages with OKM1 anti-complement receptor type 3 (CR3) antibody in the presence of serum decreased the binding of M. avium to macrophages by 86% +/- 6%, while the same antibody inhibited binding by 63% +/- 7% in the absence of serum. In contrast, incubation of macrophages with anti-LFA-1, anti-p 150.95, anti-CR1, or anti-Mac-1 had no effect on the ability of M. avium to bind to the cell. In addition, incubation of macrophages with alpha-methyl-D-mannoside was also associated with decreased attachment of M. avium to macrophages. These results provide evidence for the role of three macrophage receptors (CR3, fibronectin, and mannosyl-fucosyl receptors) in the uptake of M. avium by human macrophages.
Two-Way Brush Seals Catch a Wave (1998)

This article explores a set of inner and outer brush seals capable of bidirectionally restricting flows in a wave rotor, which has been successfully fabricated and tested. Advantages cited for the wave rotor include enhanced efficiency, rotor material temperatures lower than the peak gas temperatures, lower speed rotation with reduced stress, simple robust construction, and rapid transient response. A cross-sectional view of the rotor shows the cavities and placement of the brush seals. No definitive tests were undertaken during the break in stage or during the testing; thus, one can only conclude that the bristles wore significantly, and the rotor coating showed little evidence of tracking other than being highly polished with some spottiness. Some powder debris was found in the exhaust port. The principles of bidirectional brush design can be applied to all brush configurations, providing bidirectional capability, controlled seal stiffness/damping, bristle spread, flutter, protection from foreign object damage, and a double labyrinth-orifice at essentially the same cost as a conventional brush seal construction.
Functionalized carbon nanomaterials as nanocarriers for loading and delivery of a poorly water-soluble anticancer drug: a comparative study (2011)

Carbon nanomaterials such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) have been functionalized by highly hydrophilic and biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for loading and delivery of an anticancer drug, camptothecin (CPT). For the first time, CPT was loaded onto MWCNT-PVA and GO-PVA through π-π interactions and its capability to kill human breast and skin cancer cells was investigated.
Suicide Within Two Weeks of Discharge From Psychiatric Inpatient Care: A Case-Control Study (2013)

Objective: Suicide risk after discharge from psychiatric inpatient care is high, particularly in the first few weeks. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors and protective factors (that is, factors associated with a reduced risk of suicide), including variation in health care received, for suicide among patients in the two-week postdischarge period. Methods: This was a national population-based retrospective case-control study of 100 psychiatric patients in England (2004-2006), age 18-65, who died by suicide within two weeks of hospital discharge. These patients were matched on discharge date with 100 living control group patients. Results: Fifty-five percent of suicides occurred within a week of discharge, 49% of whom died before their first follow-up appointment. Conditional logistic regression analyses indicated that recent adverse life events and a short (less than one week) final admission were independently associated with postdischarge suicide, as were older age and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Receiving enhanced aftercare (under the Care Programme Approach) was protective of suicide. Conclusions: Discharged patients viewed as being at high risk of suicide require immediate community follow-up. Mental health services should be mindful of discharging patients after a short admission. The potential role of detrimental life experiences indicates that mental health clinicians need to be aware of the circumstances into which patients are being discharged. Use of enhanced levels of care, such as that offered by the Care Programme Approach, may play a strong role in preventing suicide within two weeks of discharge.
Human ribonuclease variants with broad anti-cancer activity (2006)

2175 Destroying RNA in cells disrupts the process of translation and transcription, precluding proteins from being made and ultimately resulting in cell death. Accomplishing this disruption in a cell-selective manner would provide a new means to kill cancer cells. Ribonucleases are ubiquitous enzymes that perform a variety of functions. Perhaps the most widely studied ribonuclease is bovine ribonuclease A (RNase A). RNase A is rendered inactive inside cells due to the presence of the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor protein (RI). Previous work has demonstrated that variants of bovine RNase A can be produced that have diminished binding to RI while maintaining ribonucleolytic function. These variants have been used to kill cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate that a variant of the human pancreatic ribonuclease I can be developed with a safety and efficacy profile supportive of advancing a candidate into pre-clinical studies. Variants of RNases with diminished binding to RI are called EVade ™ RNases. Safety data (including clinical pathology) as well as efficacy in xenograft models will be presented for EVade ™ RNases, with an emphasis on the lead candidate selected for IND-enabling studies. The RNases presented here are expressed in inclusion bodies in E. coli and purified by column chromatography. The enzymatic activity is determined using a FRET-based assay. The substrate is a mixed oligonucleotide with quenching fluorophores at either end. The enzymatic activity assay has been adapted measure binding of the ribonucleases to RI. The engineered RNases are tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of human tumors implanted in the flanks of nude mice (xenografts). Clinical chemistry and complete blood count for EVade ™ RNases will be provided. QBI-119 is a variant of human RNase I that retains 94% sequence identity with the native protein. QBI-119 has been studied in the following xenograft models: prostate (DU145 cell line), pancreas (Bx-PC-3), lung (A549), and ovarian (SKOV-3) cancer. The efficacy of QBI-119 at optimized doses consistently results in significant tumor growth inhibition. The efficacy of EVade ™ RNases has been compared to standard chemotherapy agents, including docetaxel (prostate) and cisplatin (lung), as well as newer therapies such as erlotinib (lung) and gemcitabine (pancreatic). QBI-119 demonstrates efficacy similar to these agents with less gross toxicity to the animals. EVade ™ RNases have potent anti-tumor activity in vivo compared to standard therapies and another RNase. EVade ™ RNases based on the human pancreatic RNase I are showing similar efficacy. These data suggest that the engineered ribonucleases are candidates for development as therapeutic agents.
MicroRNA expression profiling of human metastatic cancers (2008)

1059 Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to cancer development and progression and are differentially expressed in normal tissues and cancers. To test the hypothesis that a specific miRNA expression signature characterizes the metastatic phenotype of solid tumors, we performed miRNA micro-array analysis on 43 paired primary tumors and lymphnode metastasis. Specimens were collected at the Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University from 43 patients consisting in 13 breast carcinomas, 10 lung cancers, 10 bladder urothelial cell carcinomas and 10 colon cancers. 5 μg of total RNA from each sample were used. Hybridization of biotin-labeled complementary DNA was performed on a two new miRNA microarray chip (OSU_CCC version 3.0 and 4.0), which contains ∼1,100 miRNA probes (326 human and 249 mouse miRNA genes, spotted in duplicates). We identified a common metastatic cancer miRNA signature mainly composed by over-expressed miRNAs. Some of these miRNAs (miR-10b, miR-20a, miR-21) have a well characterized association with cancer progression. In particular, in metastatic breast cancers there was an up-regulation of miR-450a, miR-148a and a down-regulation of miR- 205, miR-130b. In metastatic lung cancer there was an up-regulation of miR-369–3p and a down-regulation of miR-138–1. In metastatic bladder cancer there was an up-regulation of miR-29a, miR-10b, miR-126 and a down-regulation of miR-145, miR-143, and in metastatic colon cancer there was an up-regulation of miR-138, miR-21 and a down-regulation of miR-20a and miR-204. Moreover, in the metastatic samples we found that miRNAs associated to inflammation and immune response were over-expressed due to the partial contamination of our samples by the lymphocytes. The over-expression of most miRNAs that we found over-expressed in the primary tumors had been previously reported in published signatures of the corresponding normal tissues, thus confirming that miRNA signatures are a potent tool in classifying tissues of different origin.Our results indicate that specific miRNAs may be directly involved in cancer metastasis and that they may represent a novel diagnostic tool in the characterization of metastatic cancer gene targets. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Immune-Mediated Antitumor Activity of Reovirus Is Required for Therapy and Is Independent of Direct Viral Oncolysis and Replication (2009)

The immune response is critical in mediating the efficacy of reovirus, and does not depend upon direct viral oncolysis or replication. The findings are of direct relevance to fulfilling the potential of this novel anticancer agent.
Single-Inductor–Multiple-Output Switching DC–DC Converters (2009)

Emerging feature dense portable microelectronic devices pose several challenges, including demanding multiple supply voltages from a single miniaturized power-efficient platform. Unfortunately, the power inductors used in magnetic-based switching converters (which are power efficient) are bulky and difficult to integrate. As a result, single-inductor-multiple-output (SIMO) solutions enjoy popularity, but not without design challenges. This brief describes, illustrates, and evaluates how SIMO dc-dc converters operate, transfer energy, and control (through negative feedback) each of their outputs.
Visualization of hyperspectral images (2009)

Hyperspectral images provide an innovative means for visualizing information about a scene or object that exists outside of the visible spectrum. Among other capabilities, hyperspectral image data enable detection of contamination in soil, identification of the minerals in an unfamiliar material, and discrimination between real and artificial leaves in a potted plant that are otherwise indistinguishable to the human eye. One of the drawbacks of working with hyperspectral data is that the massive amounts of information they provide requiring efficient means of being processed. In this study wavelet analysis was used to approach this problem by investigating the capabilities it provides for producing a visually appealing image from data that have been reduced in the spatial and spectral dimensions. We suggest that a procedure for visualizing hyperspectral image data that uses the peaks of the spectral signatures of pixels of interest provides a promising method for visualization. Using wavelet coefficients and data from the hyperspectral bands produces noticeably different results, which suggests that wavelet analysis could provide a superior means for visualization in some instances when the use of bands does not provide acceptable results.
Ultrashort pulse measurement using interferometric autocorrelator based on two-photon-absorption detector at 1.55-μm wavelength region (2005)

In this paper, an interferometric autocorrelator based on two-photon-absorption (TPA) detector is demonstrated. It can be used in the measurement of ultrashort pulse at 1.55 um wavelength region. From the second order autocorrelation trace of optical field, we can infer the pulse width. Accompanied with a linear detector, we can fully characterize the optical pulse, including intensity and phase profiles. A novel phase retrieval algorithm is proposed. It is a combination of an iterative loop and an evolution process. Simulation results show that our algorithm converges stably and can give a better approximation of the optical field than traditional algorithm.
2-Bromo-N-(2-Bromoethyl)-N-Carbethoxyethanamine, a Useful Reagent in the Synthesis of 4,4 Disubstituted Piperidines (1981)

Abstract With this we like to communicate on the use of the reagent, 2-bro-mo-N-(2-bromoethyl)-N-carbethoxyethanamine 1, in the synthesis of 4,4 disubstituted piperidines. The latter are of interest in the field of neuroleptics1, local anesthetics2, analgetics3,4 and antidiarrhoeal agents5. Synthesis of some of them can be realized starting from an appropriate 4-functionalized piperidine1. A method using the alkylation of active methylene compounds with N-mustard derivatives of type 2a,b is most useful2-4,6. Also the N-sulfonyl protected derivative 2c has been used, with variable success; however if refunctionalization on the piperidine N-atom is required, the sulfonyl group is not easily removed.
Regeneration of Injured Axons in the Adult Mammalian Central Nervous System (1997)

The axons of peripheral nerves have a high capacity for regeneration after injury, whereas injury to the axons in the adult central nervous system (CNS) of higher species does not generally result in regeneration. In recent years, significant developments in neuroscience research have resulted in an improved understanding of the processes involved in the axonal response to CNS trauma. Myelin-associated proteins in the CNS white matter play a crucial role as strong inhibitors of the growth of nerve fibers. Neutralization of these proteins by monoclonal antibody IN-1 directed against the inhibitory proteins led to pronounced axonal regeneration in the adult spinal cords of lesioned rats. The morphological findings were recently complemented by the demonstration of very significant functional improvements in rats with transection lesions of their spinal cords after treatment with the antibody IN-1 that neutralizes the myelin-associated nerve growth inhibitors. Moreover, several neurotrophic factors that promote axonal survival and sprouting in the peripheral nervous system and the CNS have been identified in recent years. The combined use of specific neurotrophic factors and the IN-1 antibody in different experimental procedures, including spinal cord injury, have significantly improved regenerative axonal growth. We briefly review these recent developments in CNS axonal regeneration research and discuss possible clinical applications.
Binding analyses between Human PPARγ–LBD and ligands (2003)

The binding characteristics of a series of PPARgamma ligands (GW9662, GI 262570, cis-parinaric acid, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), LY171883, indomethacin, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and troglitazone) to human PPARgamma ligand binding domain have been investigated for the first time by using surface plasmon resonance biosensor technology, CD spectroscopy and molecular docking simulation. The surface plasmon resonance biosensor determined equilibrium dissociation constants (KD values) are in agreement with the results reported in the literature measured by other methods, indicating that the surface plasmon resonance biosensor can assume a direct assay method in screening new PPARgamma agonists or antagonists. Conformational changes of PPARgamma caused by the ligand binding were detected by CD determination. It is interesting that the thermal stability of the receptor, reflected by the increase of the transition temperature (T(m)), was enhanced by the binding of the ligands. The increment of the transition temperature (DeltaT(m)) of PPARgamma owing to ligand binding correlated well with the binding affinity. This finding implies that CD could possibly be a complementary technology with which to determine the binding affinities of ligands to PPARgamma. Molecular docking simulation provided reasonable and reliable binding models of the ligands to PPARgamma at the atomic level, which gave a good explanation of the structure-binding affinity relationship for the ligands interacting with PPARgamma. Moreover, the predicted binding free energies for the ligands correlated well with the binding constants measured by the surface plasmon resonance biosensor, indicating that the docking paradigm used in this study could possibly be employed in virtual screening to discover new PPARgamma ligands, although the docking program cannot accurately predict the absolute ligand-PPARgamma binding affinity.
Modeling of pair-induced quenching in erbium-doped silicate fibers (1993)

It is shown that in low-concentration erbium-doped silicate fibers (below 1000 p.p.m.), a residual absorption at 980 nm cannot be saturated. Usual models for upconversion of Er/sup 3+/ cannot match this behavior nor explain a fluorescence lifetime independent of pump power and erbium concentration. A phenomenon, the pair induced quenching (PIQ), that is compatible with the previous experimental results is exhibited. The influence of erbium and aluminum concentration on the ion pair proportion is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Whole Tumor Cell Vaccine Adjuvants: Comparing IL-12 to IL-2 and IL-15. (2016)

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce permanent activation of the immune system and may be considered the most promising method for cancer treatment, especially in combination with other agents of passive immunotherapy. Among various approaches to cancer vaccines, whole tumor cell vaccines have been attracting attention for several years. Despite their low to moderate clinical effects, these vaccines have numerous advantages. Their ability to generate immune responses against tumor-associated antigens reduces the possibility for tumor cells to escape and facilitates the development of "off-the-shelf" allogeneic tumor vaccines. Understanding the reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and leukocytes is a key to harness the full potential of whole cell vaccination. Cytokines are considered as potent immunomodulatory molecules which behave as adjuvants in whole tumor cell vaccines. Improved mechanistic understanding of key cytokines in tumor immunity will serve as a resource for rational design of whole cell cancer vaccines. Although there are several reports about the use of different immunostimulatory cytokines as adjuvants, interleukin (IL)-12 appears to have superior effects compared to other cytokines. This review describes the effects of IL-12 compared to other immunomodulatory cytokines, such as IL-2 and IL-15, and highlights its application in whole cell tumor vaccination.
Antibodies to distinct polypeptides of RNA polymerase I in sera from patients with rheumatic autoimmune disease. (1982)

Sera from patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases were screened for antibodies directed against RNA polymerase I by using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Significant levels of the antibodies were detected in the sera of all patients with either systemic lupus erythematosus or mixed connective tissue disease and in 78% of the individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. No detectable anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies were found in the sera from healthy subjects. Individuals taking hydralazine, three of whom exhibited symptoms of drug-induced lupus, had barely detectable levels of the antibodies. Immunoglobulins obtained from sera containing anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies, as determined by the radioimmunoassay, could inhibit RNA polymerase I activity in vitro. Sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus contained immunoglobulins directed against the polymerase I-associated polypeptide of Mr 65,000 as well as against the polypeptides of Mr 120,000 or Mr 25,000, or both. Sera from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis reacted with the polypeptide of Mr 65,000 only. The antibodies in the sera of patients with mixed connective tissue disease were directed against the Mr 42,000 polypeptide or a combination of the Mr 65,000, 42,000, and 25,000 polypeptides. These data suggest that the production of anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies may be a unique characteristic of individuals with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and that the production of antibodies against specific polypeptides of RNA polymerase I may be indicative of the particular class of disease.
Retroviral gene therapy in hematopoietic diseases (1997)

A number of diverse gene therapy strategies are being evaluated in the search for novel therapeutic approaches to hematopoietic disease. In this review, we will limit our discussion to three areas of active research: the treatment of genetic diseases, the use of drug resistance gene vectors in autologous transplantation, and tumor immunization strategies in cancer. Although gene delivery remains a major challenge to gene therapy, recent modifications which improve gene transfer will also be addressed.