gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic properties of rheumatoid arthritis antibodies recognizing a cyclic citrullinated peptide (2000)

The anti-CCP ELISA might be very useful for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in RA of recent onset.
Detection of local lung air content by electrical impedance tomography compared with electron beam CT (2002)

The aim of the study was to validate the ability of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to detect local changes in air content, resulting from modified ventilator settings, by comparing EIT findings with electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) scans obtained under identical steady-state conditions. The experiments were carried out on six anesthetized supine pigs ventilated with five tidal volumes (VT) at three positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels. The lung air content changes were determined both by EIT (Goe-MF1 system) and EBCT (Imatron C-150XP scanner) in six regions of interest, located in the ventral, middle, and dorsal areas of each lung, with respect to the reference air content at the lowest VT and PEEP, as a change in either local electrical impedance or lung tissue density. An increase in local air content with VT and PEEP was identified by both methods at all regions studied. A good correlation between the changes in lung air content determined by EIT and EBCT was revealed. Mean correlation coefficients in the ventral, middle, and dorsal regions were 0.81, 0.87, and 0.93, respectively. The study confirms that EIT is a suitable, noninvasive method for detecting regional changes in air content and monitoring local effects of artificial ventilation.
The low molecular mass GTP-binding protein Rho is affected by toxin A from Clostridium difficile. (1995)

Enterotoxin A is one of the major virulence factors of Clostridium difficile, and the causative agent of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. In cell culture (NIH-3T3, rat basophilic leukemia cells) toxin A inhibits Clostridium botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 (C3)-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of the low molecular mass GTP-binding Rho proteins. Rho participates in the regulation of the microfilament cytoskeleton. Decrease in ADP-ribosylation of Rho occurs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and precedes the toxin A-induced destruction of the actin cytoskeleton. Action of toxin A is not due to proteolytical degradation of Rho or to an inherent ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of toxin A. Toxin A-induced decrease in ADP-ribosylation is observed also in cell lysates and with recombinant RhoA protein. A heat stable low molecular mass cytosolic factor is essential for the toxin effect on Rho. Thus, the enterotoxin (toxin A) resembles the effects of the C. difficile cytotoxin (toxin B) on Rho proteins (Just, I., G. Fritz, K. Aktories, M. Giry, M. R. Popoff, P. Boquet, S. Hegenbath, and C. Von Eichel-Streiber. 1994. J. Biol. Chem. 269:10706-10712). The data indicate that despite different in vivo effects, toxin A and toxin B act on the same cellular target protein Rho to elicit their toxic effects.
Crystal Structure of the von Willebrand Factor A1 Domain and Implications for the Binding of Platelet Glycoprotein Ib (1998)

von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a multimeric protein that mediates platelet adhesion to exposed subendothelium at sites of vascular injury under conditions of high flow/shear. The A1 domain of vWF (vWF-A1) forms the principal binding site for platelet glycoprotein Ib (GpIb), an interaction that is tightly regulated. We report here the crystal structure of the vWF-A1 domain at 2.3-Å resolution. As expected, the overall fold is similar to that of the vWF-A3 and integrin I domains. However, the structure also contains N- and C-terminal arms that wrap across the lower surface of the domain. Unlike the integrin I domains, vWF-A1 does not contain a metal ion-dependent adhesion site motif. Analysis of the available mutagenesis data suggests that the activator botrocetin binds to the right-hand face of the domain containing helices α5 and α6. Possible binding sites for GpIb are the front and upper surfaces of the domain. Natural mutations that lead to constitutive GpIb binding (von Willebrand type IIb disease) cluster in a different site, at the interface between the lower surface and the terminal arms, suggesting that they disrupt a regulatory region rather than forming part of the primary GpIb binding site. A possible pathway for propagating structural changes from the regulatory region to the ligand-binding surface is discussed.
Speech and language technologies for audio indexing and retrieval (2000)

With the advent of essentially unlimited data storage capabilities and with the proliferation of the use of the Internet, it becomes reasonable to imagine a world in which it would be possible to access any of the stored information at will with a few keystrokes or voice commands. Since much of this data will be in the form of speech from various sources, it becomes important to develop the technologies necessary for indexing and browsing such audio data. This paper describes some of the requisite speech and language technologies that would be required and introduces an effort aimed at integrating these technologies into a system, called Rough 'n' Ready, which indexes speech data, creates a structural summarization, and provides tools for browsing the stored data. The technologies highlighted in the paper include speaker-independent continuous speech recognition, speaker segmentation and identification, name spotting, topic classification, story segmentation, and information retrieval. The system automatically segments the continuous audio input stream by speaker, clusters audio segments from the same speaker, identifies speakers known to the system, and transcribes the spoken words. It also segments the input stream into stories, based on their topic content, and locates the names of persons, places, and organizations. These structural features are stored in a database and are used to construct highly selective search queries for retrieving specific content from large audio archives.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS (1990)

Journal Article REVIEWS OF BOOKS Get access The Player-Piano Music of Conlon Nancarrow: an Analysis of Selected Studies. By Philip Carlsen . pp. x + 78. ‘I.S.A.M Monographs’, xxvi. ( Institute for Studies in American Music, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 1988. ISBN 0-9 4678-29-9.) PETER DICKINSON PETER DICKINSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume 71, Issue 4, November 1990, Pages 595–596, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/71.4.595 Published: 01 November 1990
A General Method for Rapid Purification of Soluble Versions of Glycosyhosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins Expressed in Insect Cells: An Application for Human Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase (1999)

A soluble form of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase was purified to apparent homogeneity from the culture media of Sf9 cells which had been infected with recombinant baculoviruses encoding human tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). To facilitate purification, an oligonucleotide consisting of 6 tandem codons for histidine and a stop codon was engineered into the TNSALP cDNA. The molecular mass of the enzyme purified through a nickel-chelate column was estimated to be 54 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. That of the native enzyme was 90 kDa as estimated by gel filtration, indicating that the purified soluble TNSALP is dimeric. The enzyme was used for production of antibodies specific for human TNSALP. Immunoblotting analysis showed a single 80-kDa band in the cell homogenate prepared from Saos-2 (human osteosarcoma) cells. However, upon digestion with peptide: N-glycosidase F, the 80-kDa TNSALP of human origin and the soluble enzyme of insect origin migrated to the same position on SDS-polyacrylamide gel, indicating that the size difference between the two enzymes is ascribed to N-linked oligosaccharides. The antibodies prepared against the purified TNSALP were found to be useful also for immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence studies.
Interferon-γ release assays: new diagnostic tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and their use in children (2010)

Current evidence supports usage of IGRAs in children aged 5 years or older. IGRAs are preferred over TST when specificity is paramount or wherein patients might fail to return for TST reading. Evidence for use in children aged less than 5 years is insufficient at this time: the sensitivity is poorly defined, and TST is preferred for testing these children. Future IGRA research should focus on children aged less than 5 years for informing expanded usage in this vulnerable population.
Characterization of the Human Tumor and Normal Tissue Reactivity of the KS1/4 Monoclonal Antibody (1988)

The tissue and tumor distribution of the antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody KS1/4 was determined by a combination of immunoperoxidase techniques, flow cytometric analyses and solid phase enzyme-linked immunoassays. These data document that the KS1/4 antigen is expressed in many epithelial malignancies and normal epithelial surfaces suggesting that this antigen represents an epithelial/epithelial malignancy marker.
A Reduce Task Scheduler for MapReduce with Minimum Transmission Cost Based on Sampling Evaluation (2015)

MapReduce is a popular framework for processing large datasets in parallel over a cluster. It has gained wide attention for its high scalability, reliability and low cost. However, its performance may be degraded by excessive network traffic when processing jobs, for such two problems as data locality in reduce task scheduling and partitioning skew. We propose a Minimum Transmission Cost Reduce task Scheduler (MTCRS) based on sampling evaluation to solve the two problems. The MTCRS takes the waiting time of each reduce task and the transmission cost set as indicators to decide appropriate launching locations for Reduce tasks. The transmission cost set is computed by a mathematical model, in which the parameters are the sizes and the locations of intermediate data partitions generated by Average Reservoir Sampling (ARS) algorithm. The experiments show that the MTCRS reduces network traffic by 8.4% compared with Fair scheduler.
256 QAM Modem for Multicarrier 400 Mbit/s Digital Radio (1987)

This paper describes the performance of a 256 QAM modem with 400 Mbit / s transmission capacity. A variety of novel techniques are introduced as ways to achieve good performance. Key techniques include 1) an accurate 256 QAM modulator employing a new monolithic multiplier IC, 2) a carrier recovery circuit which satisfies such requirements: good phase jitter performance and no false lock phenomenon, 3) a highly stable high-level decision circuit, and 4) a forward error correcting code. As an overall modem performance, BER characteristics and signatures are presented. The equivalent CNR degradations of 1 dB(at BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> ) and 2 dB (at BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> )are obtained using a single Lee-error correcting code and a seven-tap baseband transversal equalizer. The residual bit errors are decreased below the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> . The performance of a 256 QAM multicarrier modem has given prospect for the development of 400 Mbit/s digital microwave radio system.
A unified nomenclature for peroxisome biogenesis factors. (1996)

Ben Distel,* Ralf Erdmann, ¢ Stephen J. Gould, ~ Gtinter Blobel,I Denis I. Crane, I James M. Cregg,** Gabriele Dodt,* Yukio Fujiki, *~ Joel M. Goodman, ~ Wilhelm W. Just, D Jan A.K.W. Kiel, 11 Wolf-Hubert Kunau,* Paul B. Lazarow,*** Guy P. Mannaerts, ~*~ Hugo W. Moser, §~§ Takashi Osumi, Richard A. Rachubinski,11~l Adelbert Roscher,**** Suresh Subramani, **¢* Henk F. Tabak,* Toshiro Tsukamoto,llllll David Valle, ~ § Ida van der Klei, ~11I Paul P. van Veldhoven, ¢** and Marten Veenhuis ~I~I
Knockdown of NHERF1 Enhances Degradation of Temperature Rescued ΔF508 CFTR from the Cell Surface of Human Airway Cells (2007)

DeltaF508 CFTR can be functionally restored in the plasma membrane by exposure of the cell to lower temperature. However, restored DeltaF508 CFTR has a much shorter half-life than normal. We studied whether NHERF1, which binds to the PDZ motif of CFTR, might be a critical mediator in the turnover of DeltaF508 CFTR from the cell surface. We used RNAi to reduce the expression of NHERF1 in human airway epithelial cells. Knockdown of NHERF1 reversibly reduces surface expression of WT-CFTR without altering its total expression. As expected, temperature correction increased mature C band DeltaF508 CFTR (rDeltaF508) but unexpectedly allowed immature B band of rDeltaF508 to traffic to the cell surface. Both surface and total expression of rDeltaF508 in NHERF1 knockdown cells were reduced and degradation of surface localized rDeltaF508 was even faster in NHERF1 knockdown cells. Proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitor treatments led to a significant decrease in the accelerated degradation of surface rDeltaF508 in NHERF1 knockdown cells. These results indicate that NHERF1 plays a role in the turnover of CFTR at the cell surface, and that rDeltaF508 CFTR at the cell surface remains highly susceptible to degradation.
Antibiosis Revisited: Bacteriocins Produced by Dairy Starter Cultures (1993)

Well before the existence of starter bacteria was recognized, their activities were instrumental in preserving dairy foods. During growth in fermented products, dairy starters, including lactobacilli, lactococci, leuconostocs, streptococci, and propionibacteria, produce inhibitory metabolites. Inhibitors include broad-spectrum antagonists, organic acids, diacetyl, and hydrogen peroxide. Some starters also produce bacteriocins or bactericidal proteins active against species that usually are related closely to the producer culture. Several bacteriocins have been biochemically and genetically characterized. Evaluating properties of the Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin, lactacin B, led to a new purification protocol. Purified lactacin B migrates in SDS-PAGE as a single 8100-Da band with inhibitory activity after Coomassie blue staining. Production of lactacin B is enhanced by cultivation of the producer with the sensitive indicator, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis 4797; understanding this interaction may increase knowledge of production of bacteriocins in heterogeneous cultures. Bacteriocins have been recently identified in dairy propionibacteria. Jenseniin G, a bacteriocin produced by Propionibacterium jensenii P126, has narrow activity; propionicin PLG-1 produced by Propionibacterium thoenii P127 inhibits propionibacteria, some fungi, Campylobacter jejuni, and additional pathogens. Better understanding of these antagonists may lead to targeted biocontrol of spoilage flora and foodborne pathogens.
Cobra venom phospholipase A2 inhibition by manoalide. A novel type of phospholipase inhibitor. (1985)

Manoalide, an unusual nonsteroidal sesterterpenoid recently isolated from sponge, antagonizes phorbol-induced inflammation but not that induced by arachidonic acid, suggesting that manoalide acts prior to the cyclooxygenase step in prostaglandin synthesis, possibly by inhibiting phospholipase A2. We have now studied the inhibitory effect of manoalide on a homogeneous preparation of phospholipase A2 from cobra venom. For a given concentration of manoalide, the inhibition of phospholipase A2 activity toward dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/Triton X-100 mixed micelles is time-dependent and plateaus at about 85% inhibition of the initial velocity even after extensive preincubation. Metal ions (Ca2+, Ba2+, Mn2+) increase the inhibition, while lysophosphatidylcholine and substrate micelles protect. Increasing manoalide concentration shows increasing inhibition of the initial velocity until a plateau is reached, giving a typical saturation curve with a linear double-reciprocal plot. Under typical conditions (20-min preincubation, 40 degrees C, pH 7.1), 50% inhibition is achieved at a manoalide concentration of about 2 X 10(-6) M. The data indicate that manoalide is a potent inhibitor of the cobra venom phospholipase A2. Manoalide is now shown to react irreversibly with lysine residues in the enzyme. Surprisingly, the cobra venom phospholipase normally acts poorly on phosphatidylethanolamine as substrate, but after reaction with manoalide, the enzyme is somewhat more active toward this substrate rather than being inhibited. This suggests that a lysine residue may be important in understanding the substrate specificity of phospholipase A2.
Phase 3 Trials of Solanezumab for Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease (2014)

Solanezumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds amyloid, failed to improve cognition or functional ability. (Funded by Eli Lilly; EXPEDITION 1 and 2 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00905372 and NCT00904683.).
Translational progress on tumor biomarkers (2015)

There is an urgent need to apply basic research achievements to the clinic. In particular, mechanistic studies should be developed by bench researchers, depending upon clinical demands, in order to improve the survival and quality of life of cancer patients. To date, translational medicine has been addressed in cancer biology, particularly in the identification and characterization of novel tumor biomarkers. This review focuses on the recent achievements and clinical application prospects in tumor biomarkers based on translational medicine.
Changing Guest Preferences and Marketing Challenges In the Resort Industry (1992)

Resorts in the future will be feeling the effect of a number of changes in the industry. Changing demographics, economic conditions and the changing priorities of resort guests will play major roles in the future success of resort properties. The authors stress that future resort marketing should emphasize the expansion of current market segments, the creation of new market segments, and hte expansion of qualirty services.
Induction and relief of nasal congestion in ferrets infected with influenza virus. (1995)

Susceptible ferrets intranasally infected with influenza virus consistently responded with maximal nasal secretion of virus, febrile reaction, and influx of inflammatory cells into nasal lumen on day 2 post infection (d.p.i.). Polymorphonuclear leucocytes were the earliest predominant cell, followed by monocytes/macrophages while lymphocytes were maintained as a minor population throughout the 7-day period. Nasal congestion level, continuously monitored by computer aided active anterior rhinomanometry, was reproducibly maximal at 2 d.p.i., diminished in intensity the next day and returned to the basal level within 7 d.p.i. Nasal congestion was effectively relieved by a single intranasal dose of 0.1% oxymetazoline or 0.2% phenylephrine, or a single intragastric administration of pseudoephedrine. Intranasal delivery of a single dose of 1% pyrilamine relieved nasal congestion while 0.8% ipratropium bromide and 30% cimetidine were ineffective. These results suggested that nasal congestion is regulated by alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mucosal vasculature or by H1 histamine receptor, but is unaffected by inhibitors of nasal secretion regulated by the cholinergic nervous system. The present study indicates that the infectious rhinitis ferret model provides a reproducible nasal congestion pattern that can be objectively measured by a refined active anterior rhinomanometric system. This labour intensive measurement, however, makes it difficult either to conduct a large population animal study or to use it for a rapid throughput screening of new drugs. The temporal relation between the influx of inflammatory cells into the nasal lumen and the onset of nasal congestion underlies the model's relevance to the exploration of the pathogenic mechanism(s) during viral rhinitis.
Bioenergetic modulation with dichloroacetate reduces the growth of melanoma cells and potentiates their response to BRAFV600E inhibition (2014)

These results suggest that DCA potentiates the effect of vemurafenib through a cooperative attenuation of energy production. Furthermore, the demonstration of retained sensitivity to DCA in melanoma cells with acquired resistance to vemurafenib could have implications for melanoma treatment.
A Novel Tankyrase Inhibitor Decreases Canonical Wnt Signaling in Colon Carcinoma Cells and Reduces Tumor Growth in Conditional APC Mutant Mice (2012)

Increased nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, a mediator of canonical Wnt signaling, is found in numerous tumors and is frequently associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling therefore is an attractive strategy for anticancer drugs. In this study, we have identified a novel small molecule inhibitor of the β-catenin signaling pathway, JW55, that functions via inhibition of the PARP domain of tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2 (TNKS1/2), regulators of the β-catenin destruction complex. Inhibition of TNKS1/2 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation activity by JW55 led to stabilization of AXIN2, a member of the β-catenin destruction complex, followed by increased degradation of β-catenin. In a dose-dependent manner, JW55 inhibited canonical Wnt signaling in colon carcinoma cells that contained mutations in either the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) locus or in an allele of β-catenin. In addition, JW55 reduced XWnt8-induced axis duplication in Xenopus embryos and tamoxifen-induced polyposis formation in conditional APC mutant mice. Together, our findings provide a novel chemotype for targeting canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling through inhibiting the PARP domain of TNKS1/2.
Carbon nanotubes as nanoelectromechanical systems (2003)

We theoretically study the interplay between electrical and mechanical properties of suspended, doubly clamped carbon nanotubes in which charging effects dominate. In this geometry, the capacitance between the nanotube and the gate(s) depends on the distance between them. This dependence modifies the usual Coulomb models and we show that it needs to be incorporated to capture the physics of the problem correctly. We find that the tube position changes in discrete steps every time an electron tunnels onto it. Edges of Coulomb diamonds acquire a (small) curvature. We also show that bistability in the tube position occurs and that tunneling of an electron onto the tube drastically modifies the quantized eigenmodes of the tube. Experimental verification of these predictions is possible in suspended tubes of sub-micron length.