gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Administration of a Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitor Associated With an Increased Immune Cell Infiltrate in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (1992)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck produces a prostaglandin, PGE2, a potent inhibitor of cellular immune responses. We tested the effects of prostaglandin synthetase inhibition on the infiltration of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with host lymphocytes. Tumor tissue samples were obtained from six patients (age range, 51 to 72 years) who presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck before and after 14 days of treatment with indomethacin (50 mg administered orally three times a day). Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were assayed in frozen tissue samples by indirect immunofluorescence. An eightfold increase in CD2+ lymphocytes compared with pretreatment tissue was observed. The number of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes increased similarly. CD57 lymphocytes increased 15-fold and CD11b cells increased 11-fold. No infiltrating B-cell populations were evident. Double-labeling studies revealed that the mononuclear cells were located outside blood vessel walls, indicating that they had infiltrated the tumor parenchyma. Our findings demonstrate that the administration of indomethacin is associated with the increased immune cell infiltration of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. This suggests that inhibition of PGE2 synthesis as it occurs in the tumor and or systemically may contribute to the homing of mononuclear cells to the tumor. These data suggest a mechanism to account for the clinical response to indomethacin previously reported in squamous cell carcinoma.
Antigen Handling by Guinea Pig Macrophages: Further Evidence for the Sequestration of Antigen Relevant for Activation of Primed T Lymphocytes (1977)

Guinea pig macrophages can take up sufficient 2,4 dinitrophenyl guinea pig albumin during a brief in vitro exposure at 37 degrees C to trigger proliferation and lymphokine production with primed T lymphocytes on subsequent co-culture. Treatment of such antigen-bearing macrophages with trypsin, a procedure which removes surface antigen, does not alter the ability of such macrophage to initiate the release of migration inhibition factor from sensitized T lymphocytes. In addition, formation of antigen-specific rosettes between primed T cells and antigen-bearing macrophages is not blocked by high concentrations of antibody directed against the antigen mediating this interaction. Similarly, primed T lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by antigen-bearing macrophages is not inhibited by specific antibody to that antigen. These data support the conclusion that the fraction of macrophage-associated antigen which is relevant to T lymphocyte activation does not reside on the macrophage surface but rather remains in a restricted compartment from which it is accessible to the T cell but unavailable to either blockade by specific antibody or removal by proteolytic enzymes.
Interagency Science and Research: Quarterly Progress Report, January 31, 2009 (2009)

The major focus this quarter has been on reviewing, interpreting, and incorporating the review comments for the SNAP Science and Research Strategy. A concept paper template has been designed for use in beta testing implementation of the SNAP Science and Research Strategy. Four Round 10 SNPLMA Conservation Initiative proposals were entered into the SNAP Science and Research peer review process.
POSS-based hybrids by melt/reactive blending (2010)

Organic–inorganic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)–polymer hybrids have gained a wide research interest in the last decade, thanks to the great versatility of POSS synthesis and availability of different chemical structures, aimed at modifications of physical/chemical properties of polymers or at delivering new functional properties.
Estrogenic Effect of Soy Phytoestrogens on the Uterus of Ovariectomized Female Rats (2014)

Objectives: Phytoestrogens exert variety of actions involving many target tissues. The effects of dietary phytoestrogens, as hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), on the level of estradiol receptor alpha (ERα), estradiol receptor beta (ERβ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in uterine tissues of ovariectomized female rats were studied. Methods: Twenty mature ovariectomized female albino rats weighed (130-150 gm) were divided into two groups (G1) control group (n=10) fed on a casein based ration (phytoestrogen free) and (G2) treated group (n=10) received high phytoestrogen diet. Daily food intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were recorded. After 30 days of treatment all rats were sacrificed and relative uterine weight for each female was recorded. Histological and immunohistochemical studies for ERα, ERβ and VEGF expression were performed on uteri for both groups. Results: Dietary phytoestrogens significantly (P<0.01) decreased daily FI (18.91 ± 0.47 g versus 22.60 ± 0.50 g and BWG (1 ± 0.07 g versus 1.46 ± 0.10 g). Phytoestrogens-fed group revealed highly significant (P<0.01) increase in the relative uterine weight than control with value (0.48 ± 0.01 g and 0.35 ± 0.01 g, respectively). Hyperplasia in the luminal epithelium and glandular acini, connective tissue edema, as well as newly formed blood vessels was observed in G2. Dietary phytoestrogens significantly (P<0.05) increased the expression of uterine ERβ and VEGF in G2 than in G1 while uterine ERα expression showed non-significant changes. Conclusions: The current results suggest that dietary phytoestrogens induce a proliferative effect in ovariectomized rats’ uteri which is mediated by estradiol receptors expression especially ERβ. Also dietary phytoestrogens up regulate VEGF expression that seems to be accompanied by the changes in estrogen receptors expression, and stimulate angiogenesis and hyper permeability in blood vessels that makes soy phytoestrogens may be used as a natural HRT in case of reduction of endogenous estrogens especially after ovariectomy or during ovarian hormonal dysfunction. However the usage of these compounds should be concerned as it may predispose uterine neoplasia.
Carotenoids and cancer prevention - experimental and epidemiological studies (1985)

Abstract
Direct Use of Apple Pomace in Bakery Products (1989)

ABSTRACT DRUM‐DRIED APPLE POMACE (DDAP), an edible by‐product from single pass metallic membrane ultrafiltration of apple puree, was examined for composition and utilization as a source of sugar and dietary fiber in bakery products. Total dietary fiber (TDF) of freezc‐dricd apple pomace (FDAP) and DDAP was 35.29% and 33.24%, respectively. Total sugar of the apple pomace concentrate (APC), FDAP, and DDAP was 54.34, 46.26, and 36.71%, respectively. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that the experimental muffins with 50% (w/w) of the plain wheat bran substituted by powdered apple pomace were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) more desirable than the control bran muffins. In addition, experimental moon cookies with flaked apple pomace substituted for 40% (w/w) of the all‐purpose flour in the crust and 40% (w/w) of the quick‐cooking oats in the filling were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) more desirable than the control moon cookies.
Enantioselective Michael Additions to α,β-Unsaturated Imides Catalyzed by a Salen−Al Complex (2003)

(Salen)aluminum complex 1b is an efficient catalyst for the conjugate addition of di- and trisubstituted nitriles to a wide range of acyclic alkyl- and aryl-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated imides. This new methodology provides access to multifunctional compounds that previously have not been readily accessible in enantioenriched form. Synthetic applications of these products include the preparation of enantiomerically enriched piperidines, as exemplified by an expedient asymmetric catalytic synthesis of (-)-paroxetine.
Effect of Fineness Modulus of Reactive Aggregate on Alkali Silica Reaction (2010)

In this study, the effects of the fineness modulus of reactive aggregate on ASR expansion and ASR products have been investigated. The reactive aggregate used was metamorphic aggregate originated from Korea. ASR tests were conducted according to accelerated mortar bar test. The morphology and chemical composition of products formed in mortar bars, 5 years after the mortar bar test had been performed, were studied by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Test results indicated that ASR expansion of mortar bars decrease in linear proportion to the fineness modulus of reactive aggregate. SEM images indicated that mortar bars showed reactive products formed in cement paste, within air voids and within cracks through particles except for the mortar bar with the fineness modulus of 3.25. The EDS analysis of the reactive products showed presence of silica, calcium and sodium, typical of ASR product composition.
Design of a Novel Globular Protein Fold with Atomic-Level Accuracy (2003)

A major challenge of computational protein design is the creation of novel proteins with arbitrarily chosen three-dimensional structures. Here, we used a general computational strategy that iterates between sequence design and structure prediction to design a 93-residue alpha/beta protein called Top7 with a novel sequence and topology. Top7 was found experimentally to be folded and extremely stable, and the x-ray crystal structure of Top7 is similar (root mean square deviation equals 1.2 angstroms) to the design model. The ability to design a new protein fold makes possible the exploration of the large regions of the protein universe not yet observed in nature.
The Chirality Conversion Reagent for Amino Acids Based on Salicyl Aldehyde (2012)

2-Hydroxy-6-(1-(3-phenylurylphenyl)ethoxy)-benzaldehyde (<TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX>) has been synthesized in racemic form from 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene via formylation and reaction with 3-phenyluryl-methylbenzylbromide. The optically pure form of <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX> was separated by normal silica column chromatography from the imine diastreomer which was obtained by the reaction of racemic mixture of <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX> with optically pure leucinol. The absolute configuration of the separated enantiomer of <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX> was decided from the energy calculation of the corresponding imine diastereomers. The activity of <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX> as a chirality conversion reagent (CCR) for amino acids was determined by <TEX>$^1H$</TEX> NMR analysis. The efficiency of <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX> is not better than the previous CCRs based on binaththol. Compound <TEX>$\mathbf{2}$</TEX>, however, has lower molecular weight compared to other CCRs. This work demonstrates that asymmetric carbon can control the selectivity of amino acids.
Lethal Effect of CD3-Specific Antibody in Mice Deficient in TGF-β1 by Uncontrolled Flu-Like Syndrome (2009)

CD3-specific Ab therapy results in a transient, self-limiting, cytokine-associated, flu-like syndrome in experimental animals and in patients, but the underlying mechanism for this spontaneous resolution remains elusive. By using an in vivo model of CD3-specific Ab-induced flu-like syndrome, we show in this paper that a single injection of sublethal dose of the Ab killed all TGF-beta1(-/-) mice. The death of TGF-beta1(-/-) mice was associated with occurrence of this uncontrolled flu-like syndrome, as demonstrated by a sustained storm of systemic inflammatory TNF and IFN-gamma cytokines. We present evidence that deficiency of professional phagocytes to produce TGF-beta1 after apoptotic T cell clearance may be responsible, together with hypersensitivity of T cells to both activation and apoptosis, for the uncontrolled inflammation. These findings indicate a key role for TGF-beta1 and phagocytes in protecting the recipients from lethal inflammation and resolving the flu-like syndrome after CD3-specific Ab treatment. The study may also provide a novel molecular mechanism explaining the early death in TGF-beta1(-/-) mice.
Spatial and temporal frequency selectivity of neurons in the middle temporal visual area of new world monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) (2007)

Information about the responses of neurons to the spatial and temporal frequencies of visual stimuli is important for understanding the types of computations being performed in different visual areas. We characterized the spatiotemporal selectivity of neurons in the middle temporal area (MT), which is deemed central for the processing of direction and speed of motion. Recordings obtained in marmoset monkeys using high-contrast sine-wave gratings as stimuli revealed that the majority of neurons had bandpass spatial and temporal frequency tuning, and that the selectivity for these parameters was largely separable. Only in about one-third of the cells was inseparable spatiotemporal tuning detected, this typically being in the form of an increase in the optimal temporal frequency as a function of increasing grating spatial frequency. However, most of these interactions were weak, and only 10% of neurons showed spatial frequency-invariant representation of speed. Cells with inseparable spatiotemporal tuning were most commonly found in the infragranular layers, raising the possibility that they form part of the feedback from MT to caudal visual areas. While spatial frequency tuning curves were approximately scale-invariant on a logarithmic scale, temporal frequency tuning curves covering different portions of the spectrum showed marked and systematic changes. Thus, MT neurons can be reasonably described as similarly built spatial frequency filters, each covering a different dynamic range. The small proportion of speed-tuned neurons, together with the laminar position of these units, are compatible with the idea that an explicit neural representation of speed emerges from computations performed in MT.
Response to hydroxyurea therapy in β‐thalassemia (2008)

Although a relatively small number of previous studies suggest a modest response to hydroxyurea (HU) therapy in beta-thalassemia, more recent investigations have revealed that some transfusion-dependent patients can become transfusion-independent following HU therapy. Patients with Ggamma XmnI polymorphism, several beta-globin mutations, and alpha-thalassemia deletions were inconsistently reported to have significant responses to HU therapy. To better predict who may respond, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical response and the molecular background of 18 beta-thalassemia patients treated with HU for a mean of 46 months. The majority of transfusion-dependent patients responded to HU therapy with 9 out of 11 (82%) becoming transfusion-independent. Five thalassemia intermedia (TI) patients receiving occasional blood transfusion did not require any additional transfusions following therapy and two TI patients who had never received transfusions had a 2 g/dl increase in their hemoglobin level. The majority of beta-thalassemia major patients who became transfusion-independent (7/9) were either homozygous (5) or heterozygous (2) for the XmnI polymorphism. No correlation was identified between response to therapy and the presence of specific beta-thalassemia mutations or alpha-globin deletions. We conclude that further analysis of the degree of response of transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia patients to HU therapy, as well as, the impact of their genetic background on this response is required to identify patients likely to have significant response.
Preparation, Alignment, and Optical Properties of Soluble Poly(phenylacetylene)-Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes (1999)

Carbon nanotube-containing poly(phenylacetylenes) (NT/PPAs) are prepared by in situ polymerizations of phenylacetylene catalyzed by WCl<sub>6</sub>e-PK<sub>4</sub>Sn and [Rh(nbd)Cl]<sub>2</sub> (nbd = 2,5-norbornadiene) in the presence of the nanotubes. The NT/PPAs are characterized by GPC, NMR, UV, FL, TGA, SEM, TEM, and XRD, and it is found that the nanotubes in the NT/PPAs are helically wrapped by the PPA chains. The short nanotubes thickly wrapped in the PPA chains are soluble in common organic solvents including tetrahydrofuran, toluene, chloroform, and 1,4-dioxane. The NT/PPAs are macroscopically processible, and shearing of the NT/PPA solutions readily aligns the nanotubes along the direction of the applied mechanical force. The nanotubes exhibit a strong photostabilization effect, protecting the PPA chains from photodegradation under harsh laser irradiation with incident fluence as high as 10 J/cm<sub>2</sub>. The NT/PPA solutions effectively limit intense optical pulses, with the saturation fluence tunable by varying the nanotube contents.
Sensitive Strain Measurements of Bonded SOI Films Using MoirÉ (2004)

The authors have developed a simple technique to quantify strain in bonded Si films and used it to compare the strain induced by two distinct wafer bonding methods. This method consists of patterning sets of moire/spl acute/ gratings on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates prior to bonding using a G-line stepper. After planarization, bonding, and etch-back, the same lithography step is performed on the flipped patterns. The resultant interference between upper and lower gratings produces moire/spl acute/ fringes which is a measure of the strain. In the experiments, the sensitivity of the measurement is approximately 20 nm. This approach has been used to compare two methods of wafer bonding. The first method, a manual bonding technique, yielded strain of up to 100 nm/mm. The second method employed a commercial-grade bonder and resulted in film strains below 40 nm/mm. In the bonding schemes the authors have studied, they believe strain results mainly from induced wafer bow during bonding and stress contributions of deposited films. This scheme was developed to address wafer strain that arises from a direct-alignment double-gate MOSFET fabrication scheme (Meinhold, 1994).
Microwave-field imaging with a fiber-based electro-optic probe (2002)

We report on a new electro-optic field mapping system in which the electro-optic probe is integrated with an optical fiber. Due to the flexibility and the small size of the fiber, this new EO system has superior measurement versatility compared with other near-field measurement methods. Specially, it allows the insertion of a field probe directly within the interior of a microwave package to extract otherwise inaccessible amplitude and phase profiles. By utilizing gallium arsenide (GaAs) probe tips of two different crystal orientations, three complete electric field components are measured.
Increased expression of nuclear factor-κB in bronchial biopsies from smokers and patients with COPD (2002)

The expression of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is an indicator of cellular activation and of inflammatory mediator production. The aim of the present study was to characterise the expression and localisation of p65, the major subunit of NF-kappaB, in the bronchial mucosa of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to examine the relationship between p65 expression and disease status. Bronchial biopsies were obtained from 14 smokers with COPD, 17 smokers with normal lung function and 12 nonsmokers with normal lung function. The number of p65 positive (+) cells was quantified by immunohistochemistry and the expression of p65 in bronchial biopsies from the three groups was examined by Western blotting (WB). Smokers with normal lung function and patients with COPD had increased numbers of p65+ cells in the epithelium and increased p65 nuclear expression. In COPD patients the number of epithelial p65+ cells correlated with the degree of airflow limitation. WB analysis showed an increase in p65 in smokers with normal lung function and COPD patients (p<0.05). Bronchial biopsies in smokers with normal lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients show increased expression of p65 protein, predominantly in the bronchial epithelium. Disease severity is associated with an increased epithelial expression of nuclear factor-kappaB.
[Thermography in differential diagnosis of lymphostasis in the lower limbs]. (1976)

The authors report the data concerning the use of lymphography and thermography with the purpose of establishing the differential diagnosis in 42 patients with edema of the lower limbs of a different origin. A comparative estimation of different methods of the differential diagnosis indicated the advantages of infra-red thermography.
Underwater Acoustic Noise Model for Shallow Water Communications (2012)

Resumo-Este artigo apresenta um modelo emprico para o rudo do canal acstico submarino em guas rasas a partir da anlise de dados provenientes de medies realizadas em campo.Uma funo de densidade de probabilidade para a distribuio da amplitude do rudo proposta e funes de verossimilhana so obtidas.Em decorrncia, uma expresso para a probabilidade de erro de smbolo para sinalizao binria no canal apresentada.Alm disso, so fornecidos os resultados de simulao realizada com as amostras reais de rudo coletadas em campo, de modo a verificar o efeito do rudo no desempenho de sistemas acsticos de comunicao submarina com sinalizao binria.
Application of a model-based fault detection system to nuclear plant signals (1997)

To assure the continued safe and reliable operation of a nuclear power station, it is essential that accurate online information on the current state of the entire system be available to the operators. Such information is needed to determine the operability of safety and control systems, the condition of active components, the necessity of preventative maintenance, and the status of sensory systems. To this end, ANL has developed a new Multivariate State Estimation Technique (MSET) which utilizes advanced pattern recognition methods to enhance sensor and component operational validation for commercial nuclear reactors. Operational data from the Crystal River-3 (CR-3) nuclear power plant are used to illustrate the high sensitivity, accuracy, and the rapid response time of MSET for annunciation of a variety of signal disturbances.
Use of subatmospheric pressure to prevent doxorubicin extravasation ulcers in a swine model (1999)

This physical modality appears to successfully prevent ulcer formation after doxorubicin injection.
A 9.2&#x2013;12.7 GHz wideband fractional-N subsampling PLL in 28nm CMOS with 280fs RMS jitter (2014)

This paper describes a fractional-N subsampling PLL in 28nm CMOS. Fractional lock is achieved by using a 10bit digital-to-time converter (DTC) that generates a delayed sampling clock with minimal impact on PLL performance. Background calibration guarantees appropriate DTC gain, reducing spurs. The system achieves -38 dBc of integrated phase noise (280fs RMS jitter) at 10GHz when a worst-case fractional spur of -43 dBc is present. In-band phase noise is at the level of -104 dBc/Hz. The class-B VCO used can be tuned from 9.2 GHz to 12.7 GHz (32%). The total power consumption of the synthesizer, including the VCO, is 13 mW from 0.9V and 1.8V supplies.
Intraplaque High-Intensity Signal on 3D Time-of-Flight MR Angiography Is Strongly Associated with Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (2013)

Intraplaque high-intensity signal determined from MRA sequences already in place to measure luminal stenosis is strongly associated with prior ipsilateral ischemic events. Prospective validation of these findings to predict outcome in carotid artery stenosis could provide a valuable and widely accessible stroke risk stratification tool.
Stability regimes and high-frequency modulation of laser diodes with short external cavity (1993)

The results of a linear analysis of stationary generation stability for short external cavity laser diodes in a wide range of coupling coefficients, with the effect of external cavity mode beating being taken into account, are presented. Besides the coherence-collapse transition, high-frequency instability due to mode interaction is revealed and investigated. The results of linear theory are confirmed by computer simulations. They may be considered as guidelines for the design of high-speed laser diodes with integrated passive cavities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>