gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Whole-body Counting to Imaging: The Computer Aided Collimation Gamma Camera Project (CACAO) (2000)

Journal Article From Whole-body Counting to Imaging: The Computer Aided Collimation Gamma Camera Project (CACAO) Get access C. Jeanguillaume, C. Jeanguillaume Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Begot, S. Begot Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Quartuccio, M. Quartuccio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Douiri, A. Douiri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Ballongue P. Ballongue Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 89, Issue 3-4, 1 July 2000, Pages 349–352, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a033094 Published: 01 July 2000
Phase I trial of twice-weekly intravenous interleukin 12 in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer or malignant melanoma: ability to maintain IFN-gamma induction is associated with clinical response. (2000)

The aim of this study was to examine the tolerability, antitumor activity, and biological effects of a new schedule of i.v. recombinant human interleukin 12 (rhIL-12). Twenty-eight patients were enrolled in a Phase I trial in which rhIL-12 was administered twice weekly as an i.v. bolus for 6 weeks. Stable or responding patients were eligible to receive additional 6-week cycles until there was no evidence of disease or until tumor progression. Patient cohorts were treated with escalating doses of rhIL-12 (30-700 ng/kg). The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 500 ng/kg, with dose-limiting toxicities consisting of elevated hepatic transaminases and cytopenias. At the MTD (n = 14), there was one partial response occurring after 6 cycles of rhIL-12 in a patient with renal cell cancer. Two additional renal cell cancer patients treated at the MTD had prolonged disease stabilization, with one of these exhibiting tumor regression after 8 cycles of rhIL-12. IFN-gamma, IL-15, and IL-18 were induced in patients treated with rhIL-12. Whereas IFN-gamma and IL-15 induction were attenuated midway through the first cycle in patients with disease progression, those patients with tumor regression or prolonged disease stabilization were able to maintain IFN-gamma, IL-15, and IL-18 induction. The down-modulation of IFN-gamma induction during rhIL-12 treatment did not relate to IL-10 production or alterations in rhIL-12 bioavailability but was associated with an acquired defect in lymphocyte IFN-gamma production in response to IL-12, IL-2, or IL-15. This defect could be partially overcome in vitro through combined stimulation with IL-12 plus IL-2. These findings show that the chronic administration of twice-weekly i.v. rhIL-12 is well-tolerated, stimulates the production of IL-12 costimulatory cytokines and IFN-gamma, and can induce delayed tumor regression. Strategies aimed at maintaining IFN-gamma induction, such as the addition of IL-2, may further augment the response rate to this schedule of rhIL-12.
Leveraging LSTM Networks for Attack Detection in Fog-to-Things Communications (2018)

The evolution and sophistication of cyber-attacks need resilient and evolving cybersecurity schemes. As an emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) inherits cyber-attacks and threats from the IT environment despite the existence of a layered defensive security mechanism. The extension of the digital world to the physical environment of IoT brings unseen attacks that require a novel lightweight and distributed attack detection mechanism due to their architecture and resource constraints. Architecturally, fog nodes can be leveraged to offload security functions from IoT and the cloud to mitigate the resource limitation issues of IoT and scalability bottlenecks of the cloud. Classical machine learning algorithms have been extensively used for intrusion detection, although scalability, feature engineering efforts, and accuracy have hindered their penetration into the security market. These shortcomings could be mitigated using the deep learning approach as it has been successful in big data fields. Apart from eliminating the need to craft features manually, deep learning is resilient against morphing attacks with high detection accuracy. This article proposes an LSTM network for distributed cyber-attack detection in fog-to-things communication. We identify and analyze critical attacks and threats targeting IoT devices, especially attacks exploiting vulnerabilities of wireless communications. The conducted experiments on two scenarios demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of deeper models over traditional machine learning models.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2007)

Oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may prove valuable in the treatment of diabetes, given their effectiveness in reducing glycated hemoglobin with neutral weight effects and without the adverse events associated with other agents. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors appear to improve islet function and may modify the course of diabetes; this, however, must be confirmed with long-term controlled studies to demonstrate sustained glycemic control that translates into beta-cell preservation.
Tolumonas auensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Toluene-Producing Bacterium from Anoxic Sediments of a Freshwater Lake (1996)

A new toluene-producing bacterium, strain TA 4T (T = type strain), was isolated from anoxic sediments of a freshwater lake. The individual cells of this organism were nonmotile, gram-negative rods that were 0.9 to 1.2 by 2.5 to 3.2 microns. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 22 degrees C and pH 7.2, respectively. The G+C content of the DNA was 49 mol%. Toluene was produced from phenylalanine, phenylpyruvate, phenyllactate, and phenylacetate, and phenol was produced from tyrosine. Both the presence of a carbon source and the presence of a toluene precursor were essential for initiation of toluene production. Bacterial growth occurred under oxic and anoxic conditions. Acetate, ethanol, and formate were the major fermentation products of the bacterium when it was grown on glucose. The major lipoquinones were ubiquinone 8 and menaquinone 8 under both oxic and anoxic growth conditions. On the basis of the results of a 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, we concluded that this organism is a member of the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria, and we suggest the name Tolumonas auensis for this species.
5.3 Wide-frequency-range resonant clock with on-the-fly mode changing for the POWER8<sup>TM</sup> microprocessor (2014)

A resonant-clock design for the IBM POWER8 processor core was implemented with 2 resonant modes (and a non-resonant mode), saving clock power over a wide frequency range from 2.5GHz to more than 5GHz. The POWER8 microprocessor is composed of 12 chiplets, each containing a single resonant clock grid for one core and its L2 cache, and a half-frequency, non-resonant clock grid for the L3 cache. The clock grids drive the local clock buffers (LCBs) that in turn drive the latches. The LCBs are gated off to measure the global clock power from the PLL to the LCBs. The resonant core communicates synchronously with the L3, requiring low skew between the domains. The chip was designed in a 22nm SOI process, including two ultra-thick-metal (UTM) layers (3 microns thick) for power distribution, I/O, all long global clock wires, and the resonant clock inductors. The UTM technology reduces wire resistance and simplifies inductor design, but requires accurate transmission line modeling and special routing.
Dual bezafibrate-simvastatin therapy for combined hyperlipidaemia (1994)

Statins and fibrates are both effective in the treatment of hyperlipidaemias but are not recommended in combination because episodes of rhabdomyolysis have followed combined lovastatin-gemfibrozil therapy. We assessed treatment with dual bezafibrate-simvastatin therapy in routine clinical practice. In 22 patients, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides fell by 20.1% (P < 0.0001), 35.1% (P < 0.001) and 31% (P < 0.05) respectively, and HDL-cholesterol rose by 18.4% (P < 0.05) on combination therapy. The reduction in cholesterol followed the introduction of simvastatin, while the decrease in triglycerides followed treatment with bezafibrate. No patient developed myopathy. We conclude that dual simvastatin-bezafibrate therapy is well tolerated and may reduce triglyceride concentrations, but offers no advantage in cholesterol reduction over treatment with simvastatin alone.
Compactly Supported Shearlets (2010)

Shearlet theory has become a central tool in analyzing and representing 2D data with anisotropic features. Shearlet systems are systems of functions generated by one single generator with parabolic scaling, shearing, and translation operators applied to it, in much the same way wavelet systems are dyadic scalings and translations of a single function, but including a precise control of directionality. Of the many directional representation systems proposed in the last decade, shearlets are among the most versatile and successful systems. The reason for this being an extensive list of desirable properties: shearlet systems can be generated by one function, they provide precise resolution of wavefront sets, they allow compactly supported analyzing elements, they are associated with fast decomposition algorithms, and they provide a unified treatment of the continuum and the digital realm. The aim of this paper is to introduce some key concepts in directional representation systems and to shed some light on the success of shearlet systems as directional representation systems. In particular, we will give an overview of the different paths taken in shearlet theory with focus on separable and compactly supported shearlets in 2D and 3D. We will present constructions of compactly supported shearlet frames in those dimensions as well as discuss recent results on the ability of compactly supported shearlet frames satisfying weak decay, smoothness, and directional moment conditions to provide optimally sparse approximations of cartoon-like images in 2D as well as in 3D. Finally, we will show that these compactly supported shearlet systems provide optimally sparse approximations of an even generalized model of cartoon-like images comprising of $C^2$ functions that are smooth apart from piecewise $C^2$ discontinuity edges.
Imaging myocardial fiber disarray and intramural strain hypokinesis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with MRI (2005)

Myofiber disarray in HCM is correlated with abnormalities of both passive and active myocardial function, and the normal patterns of fiber shortening and wall thickening are deranged in HCM.
Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome (2014)

In this era of continued emergence of zoonotic virus infections, the rapid development of rodent models represents a critical barrier to public health preparedness, including the testing of antivirus therapy and vaccines. The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was recently identified as the causative agent of a severe pneumonia. Given the ability of coronavirus to rapidly adapt to new hosts, a major public health concern is that MERS-CoV will further adapt to replication in humans, triggering a pandemic. No small-animal model for this infection is currently available, but studies suggest that virus entry factors can confer virus susceptibility. Here, we show that mice were sensitized to MERS-CoV infection by prior transduction with adenoviral vectors expressing the human host-cell receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4. Mice developed a pneumonia characterized by extensive inflammatory-cell infiltration with virus clearance occurring 6-8 d after infection. Clinical disease and histopathological changes were more severe in the absence of type-I IFN signaling whereas the T-cell response was required for virus clearance. Using these mice, we demonstrated the efficacy of a therapeutic intervention (poly I:C) and a potential vaccine [Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicon particles expressing MERS-CoV spike protein]. We also found little protective cross-reactivity between MERS-CoV and the severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV. Our results demonstrate that this system will be useful for MERS-CoV studies and for the rapid development of relevant animal models for emerging respiratory viral infections.
Superoxide production and reducing activity in human platelets. (1977)

Human platelets contain the cuprozinc (cytoplasmic) and manganese (mitochondrial) forms of superoxide dismutase. Nevertheless, superoxide radicals were detectable in the surrounding medium of metabolically viable platelet suspensions by using two assay systems: cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium. The quantity of superoxide generated by platelets (5 X 10(5) superoxide radicals/platelet per 10 min) was constant and did not increase after aggregation by agents such as collagen and thrombin. The superoxide-generating system was present in the supernate of both aggregated and resting platelets and therefore was not platelet-bound. Platelet superoxide production was unaffected by prior ingestion of aspirin, indicating that the prostaglandin and thromboxane pathways were not involved. Both resting and aggregated platelets exhibited a reductive capacity toward cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium which was unrelated to superoxide production. Furthermore, the aggregation process always resulted in a marked increase in this reduction. The nonsuperoxide reduction associated with aggregation was found to be membrane bound and to decrease with an apparent first order reaction rate (k1 = 0.067 min-1). In addition, accumulative, time-dependent nonsuperoxide-related cytochrome c reduction was also detected. Since there is no superoxide dismutase in plasma, the presence of superoxide radicals in the surrounding medium of platelets may have in vitro significance for platelet and leukocyte concentration and storage and in vivo significance for hemostasis, coagulation, and thrombosis. The nonsuperoxide-related reducing activities may represent a biochemical basis for platelet-blood vessel interactions, with particular reference to blood vessel integrity.
Efficacy of phytase in improving the bioavailability of phosphorus in soybean meal and corn-soybean meal diets for pigs (1993)

Four experiments involving 225 pigs were conducted to assess the efficacy of a microbial phytase (FINASE, Alko Ltd. Biotechnology, Rajamäki, Finland) produced by Aspergillus niger in corn-soybean meal or dextrose-cornstarch-soybean meal-based diets. In two experiments with growing-finishing pigs, fortified corn-soybean meal diets were formulated to be adequate (.50%) or inadequate (.40 or .30%) in P during the growing phase followed by adequate (.40%) or inadequate (.30%) P in the finishing phase. Mono-dicalcium phosphate was the source of supplemental P. Half the diets were supplemented with phytase (500 phytase units/g). Rate and efficiency of gain and bone breaking strength were decreased when P-deficient diets were fed. Phytase supplementation of the low-P diets restored growth rate and feed:gain to levels that approached those of pigs fed the adequate-P control diet. Bone strength was partially restored to that of the controls. In two additional experiments, pigs were fed low-P basal diets in which all the dietary P came from soybean meal or a corn-soybean meal blend. Both diets contained .05% available P. Graded levels of monosodium phosphate were added to these diets, up to .15% added P, to establish a standard curve. Phytase was added to the basal diet at 250, 500, or 1,000 units/g. Growth rate and bone strength improved linearly (P < .01) with added monosodium phosphate and with increasing levels of supplemental phytase. Based on estimates of total and available P intakes, the highest level of phytase (1,000 units/g) increased the bioavailability of the P from 25% in the soybean meal diet to 57% in the phytase-supplemented diet, and from 15% in the corn-soybean diet to 43% in the phytase-supplemented diet. Expressed on the basis of the improvement in phytate P availability, this level of phytase converted approximately one-third of the unavailable P to an available form. The results indicate that the phytase was efficacious in improving the bioavailability of phytate P for pigs.
Effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calciumphosphate on the microhardness and microscopic featuresof the sound enamel and initial caries-like lesion ofpermanent teeth, compared to fluoridated agents (2012)

Background: Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate derived from the milk protein casein. The aims
of this study were to investigate the efficacy of CPP-ACP on the microhardness of the sound and artificially caries-like
lesion of outer enamel surface in comparison to sodium fluoride 0.05%, stannous fluoride 0.4%, and de-ionized water.
Materials and methods: Sixty five maxillary first premolars, two teeth were used for sound and caries- like lesion
enamel ground section preparation, while other teeth were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. Group A was
consisted of 42 teeth were randomly assigned to five study groups and one control group. After production of initial
caries-like lesion of outer enamel surface, the teeth were treated by the selected agents for four minutes separately
(CPP-ACP, CPP-ACP+NaF, CPP-ACP+SnF2, NaF 0.05%, and SnF2 0.4%). While Group B consisted of 21 teeth were
randomly divided to three study groups, teeth treated with (CPP-ACP, CPP- ACP+NaF, CPP- ACP+SnF2) before
demineralization by pH cycling procedure.
Results: In both groups showed that agents of study groups were statistically highly significant in elevation of the
microhardness values, CPP-ACP+NaF caused highest change in the microhardness (207.21%) for Group A and
(19.22%) for Group B, while the lowest change with SnF2 0.4% (74.32%) for Group A and CPP-ACP (8.2%) for Group B.
Conclusions: CPP-ACP agents were effective in remineralization of the outer enamel caries-like lesions and the higher
remineralizing potential when applied with fluoridated agents; which was reflected by increase in enamel
microhardness values.
The acoustic radiation force (1984)

The physical origin of the radiation force exerted by an ultrasonic beam on an absorbing target is explained. It is shown that the force may have two sources—a nonzero time-averaged sound pressure in the ultrasonic beam, and the momentum transported by the beam—but that there is a movement of material out of the ultrasonic beam to prevent a nonzero time-averaged sound pressure from being established. Consequently, the transfer of wave momentum is the sole cause of the force. The assumptions made in evolving this explanation are discussed, and the resulting change in mean density within the ultrasonic beam is considered. It is pointed out that the acoustic radiation force is but one example of a universal phenomenon associated with all forms of wave motion.
Terahertz detection using optical parametric upconversion and Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes (2008)

Terahertz radiation is nonlinearly upconverted to telecommunication wavelength. The resulting idler is coupled into fiber and detected with a photon counting receiver. Detection with 4.5 pW/Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> noise equivalent power and nanosecond temporal resolution is demonstrated.
Effects of Raloxifene on Cardiovascular Events and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women (2006)

Raloxifene did not significantly affect the risk of CHD. The benefits of raloxifene in reducing the risks of invasive breast cancer and vertebral fracture should be weighed against the increased risks of venous thromboembolism and fatal stroke. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00190593 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Bait Stake Detection of the Formosan Termite in South Florida (1985)

The Formosan termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was detected in Florida in a Hallandale (Broward Co.) condominium in July, 1980. A two year (1981-1983) bait stake survey was undertaken. Of 41 building lots included in the survey, grounds, 14 were infested with Formosan termites, 4 with Retiticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), and 2 by both species. A stake location was rarely abandoned once found by termites, and the number of infested stakes increased with successive inspections. A stake occupied by one subterranean species was seldom subsequently occupied by the other.
Poor results after augmenting autograft with xenograft (Surgibone) in hip revision surgery (2005)

Use of Surgibone xenograft in revision hip surgery, even in combination with autograft, resulted in failure and the need for rerevision in at least one quarter of the cases studied.
Angiogenic and Antiangiogenic Factors in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (2006)

Diabetic retinopathy continues to be the leading cause of legal blindness among working-age individuals. The earliest histological features of diabetic retinopathy include neuroretinal damage, capillary basement membrane thickening, loss of pericytes and loss of endothelial cells. At advanced stages, neovascularization, the hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) occurs, and blindness can result from relentless abnormal fibrovascular proliferation with subsequent bleeding and retinal detachment. Macular oedema is another retinal complication of diabetes that is responsible for a major part of vision loss, particularly in type 2 diabetes. The breakdown of the blood retinal barrier and the consequent vascular leakage and thickening of retina are the main events involved in its pathogenesis. Although a tight control of both blood glucose levels and hypertension are essential to prevent or arrest progression of the disease, the recommended goals are difficult to achieve in many patients. Laser photocoagulation treatment soon after the onset of PDR significantly reduces the incidence of severe vision loss. However, the optimal timing for laser treatment is frequently passed and, in addition, it is not uniformly successful in halting visual decline. For all these reasons, new pharmacological treatments based on the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy have been developed in recent years. There is mounting evidence to suggest that angiogenic factors play a crucial role in PDR development, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) being the most relevant. Other growth factors or cytokines such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), pro-inflammatory cytokines and angiopoetins, are also involved in the pathogenesis of PDR. However, the intraocular synthesis of angiogenic factors is counterbalanced by the synthesis of antiangiogenic factors. Therefore, the balance between the angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors rather than angiogenic factors themselves will be crucial in determining the progression of PDR. The main antiangiogenic factor is the pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) but the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), thrombospondin (TSP) and somatostatin are also among the intraocullary synthesized antiangiogenic factors.