gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ADP‐Ribosylation of the Neuronal Phosphoprotein B‐50/GAP‐43 (1993)

The neuronal phosphoprotein B-50/GAP-43 is associated with growth and regeneration within the nervous system and its posttranslational status can be correlated with its cellular localization during growth and regeneration. Recently, B-50 has been shown to interact with certain G protein subunits. Regulation of G protein-mediated signal transduction may involve ADP-ribosylation in vivo. In the present study we have demonstrated that B-50 is a substrate for endogenous ADP-ribosyltransferases. The results are discussed with respect to the possible interaction of B-50 with G proteins, but also with regard to the posttranslational modification of B-50 by all major regulatory mechanisms that act at, or through, the neuronal membrane.
Study of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells by Scanning Electron Micrograph Observation and Thickness Optimization of Porous TiO2 Electrodes (2009)

In order to improve the photoenergy conversion efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs), it is important to optimize their porous TiO 2 electrodes. This paper examines the surface and cross‐sectional views of the electrodes using scanning electron micrography. Two types of samples for cross‐sectional viewing were prepared by mechanically breaking the substrate and by using an Ar‐ion etching beam. The former displays the surface of the TiO 2 particles and the latter shows the cross‐section of the TiO 2 particles. We found interesting surface and cross‐sectional structures in the scattering layer containing the 400 nm diameter particles, which have an angular and horned shape. The influence of TiO 2 particle size and the thickness of the nanocrystalline‐TiO 2 electrode in DSCs using four kinds of sensitizing dyes (D149, K19, N719 and Z907) and two kinds of electrolytes (acetonitrile‐based and ionic‐liquid electrolytes) are discussed in regards to conversion efficiency, which this paper aims to optimize.
Probing the oligomeric structure of an enzyme by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (1996)

Electrospray ionization time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry was used to study the quaternary structure of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (EC 5.3.2; 4OT), and four analogues prepared by total chemical synthesis. Wild-type 4OT is a hexamer of 62 amino acid subunits and contains no cysteine residues. The analogues were: (desPro1)4OT, a truncated construct in which Pro1 was deleted; (Cpc1)4OT in which Pro1 was replaced with cyclopentane carboxylate; a derivative [Met(O)45]4OT in which Met45 was oxidized to the sulfoxide; and an analogue (Nle45)4OT in which Met45 was replaced with norleucine. ESI of (Nle45)4OT, (Cpc1)4OT, and 4OT from solution conditions under which the native enzyme was fully active (5 mM ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5) gave the intact hexamer as the major species detected by TOF mass spectrometry. In contrast, analysis of [Met(O)45]4OT and (desPro1)4OT under similar conditions yielded predominantly monomer ions. The ESI-TOF measurements were consistent with structural data obtained from circular dichroism spectroscopy. In the context of kinetic data collected for 4OT and these analogues, ESI-TOF mass spectrometry also provided important evidence for the structural and mechanistic significance of the catalytically important Pro1 residue in 4OT.
AML cells are differentially sensitive to chemotherapy treatment in a human xenograft model (2013)

As acute myeloid leukemia (AML) xenograft models improve, the potential for using them to evaluate novel therapeutic strategies becomes more appealing. Currently, there is little information on using standard chemotherapy regimens in AML xenografts. Here we have characterized the immunodeficient mouse response to combined Ara-C (cytarabine) and doxorubicin treatment. We observed significant toxicity associated with doxorubicin that required optimization of the route of injection as well as the maximum-tolerated dose for immunodeficient strains. Mice treated with an optimized 5-day induction protocol showed transient weight loss, short-term reduction of peripheral blood cell and platelet counts, and slight anemia. Considerable cytotoxicity was observed in the bone marrow (BM), with primitive LSK cells having a significant survival advantage relative to more mature cells, consistent with the idea of chemotherapy targeting actively growing cells. Treated leukemic mice demonstrated reduced disease burden and increased survival, demonstrating efficacy. AML cells showed significantly increased sensitivity to doxorubicin-containing therapy compared with murine BM cells. Although early treatment could result in some cures, mice with significant leukemia grafts were not cured by using induction therapy alone. Overall, the data show that this model system is useful for the evaluation of novel chemotherapies in combination with standard induction therapy.
Progress and Development of Coandă Jet and Vortex Cell for Aerodynamic Surface Circulation Control – An Overview (2013)

Coanda jet has always been referred to in the consideration of various flow control methods to enhance aerodynamic performance, i.e. to enhance lift, reduce drag and delay stall at higher angle of attack, along with continuous, synthetic and pulsed jets, compliant surface, vortex-cell, and the like. Coanda jet has also been applied in the development of novel aircrafts for short take off, while another circulation enhancement technique known as Trapped Vortex Cavity (TVC) is currently being given significant considerations. It is with such motivation that within the aerodynamics surface blowing techniques, Coanda jet and vortex-cell will be reviewed, to assess their characteristics in dramatically alter the behavior of aerodynamic components such as airfoils, wings, and bodies. Capitalizing on a host of research and technology development efforts on Coanda and surface blowing circulation enhancement, the present work reviews the influence, effectiveness and configuration of airfoil surface blowing of Coanda-jet and Trapped Vortex Cavity in circulation enhancement and control of aerodynamic surfaces. The crux of the TVC active research is their stabilization, while Coanda enhanced lift enhancement technique has, to a certain extent reached a stage that it can be easily implemented with advantage.
Expansion of the Receptor-Like Kinase/Pelle Gene Family and Receptor-Like Proteins in Arabidopsis (2003)

Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are a family of transmembrane proteins with versatile N-terminal extracellular domains and C-terminal intracellular kinases. They control a wide range of physiological responses in plants and belong to one of the largest gene families in the Arabidopsis genome with more than 600 members. Interestingly, this gene family constitutes 60% of all kinases in Arabidopsis and accounts for nearly all transmembrane kinases in Arabidopsis. Analysis of four fungal, six metazoan, and two Plasmodium sp. genomes indicates that the family was represented in all but fungal genomes, indicating an ancient origin for the family with a more recent expansion only in the plant lineages. The RLK/Pelle family can be divided into several subfamilies based on three independent criteria: the phylogeny based on kinase domain sequences, the extracellular domain identities, and intron locations and phases. A large number of receptor-like proteins (RLPs) resembling the extracellular domains of RLKs are also found in the Arabidopsis genome. However, not all RLK subfamilies have corresponding RLPs. Several RLK/Pelle subfamilies have undergone differential expansions. More than 33% of the RLK/Pelle members are found in tandem clusters, substantially higher than the genome average. In addition, 470 of the RLK/Pelle family members are located within the segmentally duplicated regions in the Arabidopsis genome and 268 of them have a close relative in the corresponding regions. Therefore, tandem duplications and segmental/whole-genome duplications represent two of the major mechanisms for the expansion of the RLK/Pelle family in Arabidopsis.
Ultrathin high-κ gate dielectric technology for germanium MOS applications (2003)

For the first time, we have successfully demonstrated the use of a high-/spl kappa/ gate dielectric material, ZrO/sub 2/, for CMOS applications on a pure germanium substrate. Using a low-temperature formation technique, we achieved excellent C-V characteristics with hysteresis of 1.5 mV and a capacitance-based equivalent SiO/sub 2/ thickness (t/sub ox,eq/) of about 5 /spl Aring/. Additionally, excellent device uniformity and very high device yield were attained.
Stereoselective total synthesis of (.+-.)-saframycin B (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective total synthesis of (.+-.)-saframycin BAkinori Kubo, Naoki Saito, Hidekazu Yamato, Kazunao Masubuchi, and Madoka NakamuraCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 18, 4295–4310Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00253a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00253a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views659Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Public service employment : a review of programs in selected OECD countries and transition economies (1999)

This paper examines one type of program that is used by many OECD and CEEC countries (Central and Eastern European countries) to ease the pain of structural adjustment and create jobs, namely Public Service Employment (PSE). Such programs are characterized by the employment of unemployed persons, financed by the government, to provide services and/or support infrastructure development (public works). Many of those in the"non-interventionist"camp view these programs as a waste of public funds that could be used in more productive economic investments. Some of those in the"interventionist camp"also view the programs in a similar manner and feel that, while someintervention is needed, PSE programs are not an appropriate tool. However, a number of OECD and CEEC countries are implementing such programs. This report reviews and summarizes the experiences of several countries-Denmark, France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States, Poland, and Hungary. While not a representative sample, some of these countries heavily emphasized the use of such programs. The American program, discontinued over 15 years ago, remains relevant because this is where some of the best research has been conducted. Hungary and Poland are included because of their obvious relevance to the situation of countries in transition.
Hydroxyproline-based DNA mimics provide an efficient gene silencing in vitro and in vivo (2006)

To be effective, antisense molecules should be stable in biological fluids, non-toxic, form stable and specific duplexes with target RNAs and readily penetrate through cell membranes without non-specific effects on cell function. We report herein that negatively charged DNA mimics representing chiral analogues of peptide nucleic acids with a constrained trans-4-hydroxy-N-acetylpyrrolidine-2-phosphonate backbone (pHypNAs) meet these criteria. To demonstrate this, we compared silencing potency of these compounds with that of previously evaluated as efficient gene knockdown molecules hetero-oligomers consisting of alternating phosphono-PNA monomers and PNA-like monomers based on trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (HypNA-pPNAs). Antisense potential of pHypNA mimics was confirmed in a cell-free translation assay with firefly luciferase as well as in a living cell assay with green fluorescent protein. In both cases, the pHypNA antisense oligomers provided a specific knockdown of a target protein production. Confocal microscopy showed that pHypNAs, when transfected into living cells, demonstrated efficient cellular uptake with distribution in the cytosol and nucleus. Also, the high potency of pHypNAs for down-regulation of Ras-like GTPase Ras-dva in Xenopus embryos was demonstrated in comparison with phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers. Therefore, our data suggest that pHypNAs are novel antisense agents with potential widespread in vitro and in vivo applications in basic research involving live cells and intact organisms.
Hereditary breast cancer: Pathobiology, prognosis, and BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene linkage (1996)

BRCA1-related HBCs are more frequently aneuploid and have higher tumor cell proliferation rates compared with Other HBC. Despite these adverse prognostic features, BRCA1-related HBC patients have paradoxically lower recurrence rates than Other HBC patients. The excess of TLG cancers in the "Other" HBC group may be associated with BRCA2 linkage.
MGCD0103, a novel isotype-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, has broad spectrum antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo (2008)

Nonselective inhibitors of human histone deacetylases (HDAC) are known to have antitumor activity in mice in vivo, and several of them are under clinical investigation. The first of these, Vorinostat (SAHA), has been approved for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Questions remain concerning which HDAC isotype(s) are the best to target for anticancer activity and whether increased efficacy and safety will result with an isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor. We have developed an isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor, MGCD0103, which potently targets human HDAC1 but also has inhibitory activity against HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC11 in vitro. In intact cells, MGCD0103 inhibited only a fraction of the total HDAC activity and showed long-lasting inhibitory activity even upon drug removal. MGCD0103 induced hyperacetylation of histones, selectively induced apoptosis, and caused cell cycle blockade in various human cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. MGCD0103 exhibited potent and selective antiproliferative activities against a broad spectrum of human cancer cell lines in vitro, and HDAC inhibitory activity was required for these effects. In vivo, MGCD0103 significantly inhibited growth of human tumor xenografts in nude mice in a dose-dependent manner and the antitumor activity correlated with induction of histone acetylation in tumors. Our findings suggest that the isotype-selective HDAC inhibition by MGCD0103 is sufficient for antitumor activity in vivo and that further clinical investigation is warranted.
Iron-induced apoptosis in the photoreceptor cells of rats. (1998)

Apoptosis occurred during photoreceptor cell death at the early phase of iron-induced retinopathy in these rats. Like photic injury, iron-induced apoptosis was limited to the outer nuclear layer.
Generic camera calibration and modeling using spline surfaces (2012)

Cameras are a commonly used sensor in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). They serve to get vast amounts of information about a vehicle's environment. To accurately localize the measured data in relation to the own car, exact camera calibration is a prerequisite. This includes extrinsic as well as intrinsic parameters. While many works in the area of ADAS focus on extrinsic calibration, this work covers the intrinsic calibration. We use a generic camera model which regards the viewing ray of every pixel separately and can therefore be used to describe arbitrary imaging devices even with massive lens distortions. As the calibration procedure works for any camera, only one method has to be implemented, which simplifies the sensor calibration process. Former works have shown the applicability of generic camera models but do not cover important practical aspects which are subpixel ray determination and forward projection of arbitrary 3d points to the image plane. Furthermore, the calibration processes described so far are cumbersome and prone to inaccuracies. We propose to use spline surfaces to simplify the calibration procedure and implement general back and forward projection. The applicability of our approach is proved by showing calibration results for various real cameras.
Hypocholesterolemic Agents. Thyroalkanols (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHypocholesterolemic Agents. ThyroalkanolsW. J. Wechter, W. A. Phillips, and F. KaganCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 4, 474–478Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00328a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00328a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pruning the Volterra Series for Behavioral Modeling of Power Amplifiers Using Physical Knowledge (2007)

This paper presents an efficient and effective approach to pruning the Volterra series for behavioral modeling of RF and microwave power amplifiers. Rather than adopting a pure "black-box" approach, this model pruning technique is derived from a physically meaningful block model, which has a clear linkage to the underlying physical behavior of the device. This allows all essential physical properties of the PA to be retained, but significantly reduces model complexity by removing unnecessary coefficients from the general Volterra series. A reduced-order model of this kind can be easily extracted from standard time/frequency-domain measurements or simulations, and may be simply implemented in system-level simulators. A complete physical analysis and a systematic derivation are presented, together with both computer simulations and experimental validations
Expression of Ret-, p75NTR-, Phox2a-, Phox2b-, and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity by undifferentiated neural crest-derived cells and different classes of enteric neurons in the embryonic mouse gut (1999)

Cells of the enteric nervous system are derived from the neural crest. Probes to a number of molecules identify neural crest-derived cells within the gastrointestinal tract of embryonic mice prior to their differentiation into neurons and glial cells. However, it is unclear whether the different markers are identifying all neural crest-derived cells. In this study the distribution of p75(NTR)-immunoreactivity was compared with that of Ret-, Phox2a-, Phox2b-, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in undifferentiated neural crest-derived cells in the E10.5-E13.5 mouse intestine. Neural crest-derived cells colonise the embryonic mouse gut in a rostral-to-caudal wave between E9.5-E14, and differentiation into enteric neurons also occurs in a rostral-to-caudal wave. Thus, the most caudal neural crest-derived cells within the gut are undifferentiated. These most caudal neural crest-derived cells co-expressed p75(NTR)-, Phox2b- and Ret-immunoreactivity; at E10.5 a sub-population was also TH-positive. The most caudal cells did not show Phox2a-immunoreactivity at any stage. However, a sub-population of cells, which was rostral to the undifferentiated neural crest-derived cells, was Phox2a-positive, and these are likely to be cells beginning to differentiate along a neuronal lineage. The expression of Ret-, Phox2a-, Phox2b- and p75(NTR)-immunoreactivity by two classes of enteric neurons that differentiate prior to birth was also examined. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) neurons showed Phox2b and Ret immunoreactivity at all ages, and Phox2a and p75(NTR) immunoreactivity only transiently. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) neurons showed Phox2b and Ret-immunoreactivity, but not Phox2a immunoreactivity. It is concluded that all undifferentiated neural crest-derived cells initially express Phox2b, Ret, and p75(NTR); a sub-population of these cells also expresses TH transiently. Those cells that are beginning to differentiate along a neuronal lineage maintain their expression of Phox2b and Ret, and they start to express Phox2a, but down-regulate p75(NTR); those cells that differentiate along a glial lineage down-regulate Ret and maintain their expression of p75(NTR). Dev Dyn 1999;216:137-152.
Term Vaginal Delivery following Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Type II Vasa Previa (2013)

Unrecognized vasa previa carries a significant risk of fetal mortality. Advances in ultrasound have improved detection of vasa previa and led to a dramatic reduction in fetal morbidity and mortality. However, current management strategies require prolonged hospitalized surveillance, preterm delivery prior to the onset of labor or rupture of membranes, and a cesarean delivery. Fetoscopic laser ablation of type II vasa previa allows for the possibility of term vaginal delivery. We present a patient who underwent successful laser photocoagulation of a type II vasa previa at 32(5)/7 weeks' gestation. She subsequently delivered vaginally at term without complications. The potential benefits of definitive in utero treatment of non-type I vasa previa, such as vaginal delivery at term, must be weighed against the procedure-related risks of operative fetoscopy.
Targeted Tissue Ablation With Nanosecond Pulses (2011)

In-vivo porcine studies on the effect of nanosecond high voltage pulses on liver tissue have shown that cell death can be induced in well-defined tissue volumes without damaging collagen-predominant structures. Comparison of the experimental results with the results of a three-dimensional finite element model allowed us to determine the threshold electric field for cell death. For 30, 100 nanosecond long pulses this was found to be in the range from 12 to 15 kV/cm. Modelling of the temperature distribution in the tissue using Pennes' bioheat equation showed that the lethal effect of nanosecond pulses on cells is non-thermal. Muscle contractions, generally caused by high voltage pulses, were significantly reduced for the 100 nanosecond pulses compared to microsecond long pulses. The results of these studies indicate that high voltage nanosecond pulses reliably kill normal liver cells in vivo and therefore may be useful for liver tumor treatments.