gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pupil location under mesopic, photopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions. (2002)

Changes in the location of the pupil center with changes in the dilation of the pupil are typically slight, but can be significant in a few subjects, especially in pharmacologically dilated pupils.
0.25 μm SOI technologies performance for low-power radio-frequency applications (2002)

In this work, two types of 0.25 /spl mu/m SOI MOSFET structures, partially- (PD) and fully-depleted (FD), are compared from the point of view of low-frequency noise and RF performances for device design. Fully-depleted technology with and without salicide process is used. The impact of the floating body effect is also investigated to be taken into account in RF design.
Scalable similarity search with optimized kernel hashing (2010)

Scalable similarity search is the core of many large scale learning or data mining applications. Recently, many research results demonstrate that one promising approach is creating compact and efficient hash codes that preserve data similarity. By efficient, we refer to the low correlation (and thus low redundancy) among generated codes. However, most existing hash methods are designed only for vector data. In this paper, we develop a new hashing algorithm to create efficient codes for large scale data of general formats with any kernel function, including kernels on vectors, graphs, sequences, sets and so on. Starting with the idea analogous to spectral hashing, novel formulations and solutions are proposed such that a kernel based hash function can be explicitly represented and optimized, and directly applied to compute compact hash codes for new samples of general formats. Moreover, we incorporate efficient techniques, such as Nystrom approximation, to further reduce time and space complexity for indexing and search, making our algorithm scalable to huge data sets. Another important advantage of our method is the ability to handle diverse types of similarities according to actual task requirements, including both feature similarities and semantic similarities like label consistency. We evaluate our method using both vector and non-vector data sets at a large scale up to 1 million samples. Our comprehensive results show the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches for all the tasks, with a significant gain for most tasks.
Transplanted dopaminergic neurons develop PD pathologic changes: A second case report (2008)

This report describes pathological changes within the grafted neurons of another patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) who died 14 years posttransplantation. Although numerous healthy appearing grafted neurons were present at this long-term time point, some displayed Lewy bodies as evidenced by alpha-synuclein, ubiquitin, and thioflavin-S staining. Additionally, there was a general loss of dopamine transporter-immunoreactivity in grafted neurons. Some grafted cell displayed a loss of tyrosine hydroxylase. These data support the emerging concept that PD-like pathology is seen in young grafted neurons when they survive long term.
Field Evaluation of Imidazolinone‐Tolerant Clearfield Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Nine Louisiana Locations (2007)

Clearfield rice ( Oryza sativa L.) developed at the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, offers a first‐ever non–genetically modified alternative to selectively eliminate notorious red rice ( O. sativa L.) in a commercial rice field. The objective of this study was to compare Clearfield rice with the leading conventional cultivars for grain yield (main and ratoon crops), milling yield, seedling vigor, maturity, plant height, and disease reactions by analyzing the Louisiana rice commercial advanced yield test that was conducted at nine locations during 2003 to 2004. Our results indicate that the grain yields of Clearfield cultivars were significantly lower than the leading conventional long‐grain cultivars such as Cocodrie, Cheniere, Wells, and Francis. The average main crop grain yield of Clearfield rice was about 11.1 and 5.5% lower than that of conventional cultivars in 2003 and 2004, respectively. However, Clearfield cultivars exhibited higher head rice yield than the leading conventional ones. No significant difference on ratoon yield was found between Clearfield rice and conventional rice. Clearfield rice also had similar maturity and plant height as conventional cultivars but better seedling vigor. Compared with conventional rice, Clearfield cultivars appeared to be more susceptible to both sheath blight and blast. The yield gap between Clearfield and conventional cultivars has been significantly reduced with the release of newer Clearfield cultivars CL161 and CL131.
Antimicrobial Activities of Amine- and Guanidine-Functionalized Cholic Acid Derivatives (1999)

Compounds in a series of cholic acid derivatives, designed to mimic the activities of polymyxin B and its derivatives, act as both potent antibiotics and effective permeabilizers of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. Some of these compounds rival polymyxin B in antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria and are also very active against gram-positive organisms. Other compounds interact synergistically with hydrophobic antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth.
Nucleolin Binds to the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and Inhibits Nucleotide Excision Repair (2009)

Nucleolin is over-expressed in malignant tumors and is used as a marker for cell proliferation and to reliably predict tumor growth rate. However, it is not known whether nucleolin expression is directly involved in or is a consequence of carcinogenesis. Using GST-pull down assays, we have determined that the recombinant nucleolin interacts with the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA). Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicate that the nucleolin-PCNA interaction also occurs in intact cells and this interaction increases after exposure of colon carcinoma RKO cells to UV radiation. Moreover, our data indicate that PCNA and nucleolin co-localize in some areas within the RKO cell nuclei. The functional significance of this interaction is evaluated on Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) since PCNA is a primary mediator of this cellular function. Our data indicate that overexpression of nucleolin decreases the repair efficiency of UV damaged plasmid DNA in RKO cells. Co-transfection with PCNA can rescue this effect in vivo. Furthermore, reduction of nucleolin protein levels increases DNA repair efficiency in RKO and CHO cells and consequently increases cell survival. These data indicate that the direct interaction of nucleolin with PCNA inhibits NER efficiency of UV damaged DNA. This effect could contribute to carcinogenesis and aging in cells over-expressing nucleolin.
Evolution of Enzymatic Activities in the Enolase Superfamily:  Crystal Structures of the l-Ala-d/l-Glu Epimerases from Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, (2001)

The members of the enolase superfamily catalyze different overall reactions, yet share a partial reaction that involves Mg(2+)-assisted enolization of the substrate carboxylate anion. The fate of the resulting enolate intermediate is determined by the active site of each enzyme. Several members of this superfamily have been structurally characterized to permit an understanding of the evolutionary strategy for using a common structural motif to catalyze different overall reactions. In the preceding paper, two new members of the superfamily were identified that catalyze the epimerization of the glutamate residue in L-Ala-D/L-Glu. These enzymes belong to the muconate lactonizing enzyme subgroup of the enolase superfamily, and their sequences are only 31% identical. The structure of YcjG, the epimerase from Escherichia coli, was determined by MAD phasing using both the SeMet-labeled protein and a heavy atom derivative. The structure of YkfB, the epimerase from Bacillus subtilis, was determined by molecular replacement using the muconate lactonizing enzyme as a search model. In this paper, we report the three-dimensional structures of these enzymes and compare them to the structure of o-succinylbenzoate synthase, another member of the muconate lactonizing enzyme subgroup.
Bi-specific TCR-anti CD3 redirected T-cell targeting of NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1-positive tumors (2012)

NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 are cancer testis antigens with an ideal profile for tumor immunotherapy, combining up-regulation in many cancer types with highly restricted expression in normal tissues and sharing a common HLA-A*0201 epitope, 157-165. Here, we present data to describe the specificity and anti-tumor activity of a bifunctional ImmTAC, comprising a soluble, high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for NY-ESO-1157-165 fused to an anti-CD3 scFv. This reagent, ImmTAC-NYE, is shown to kill HLA-A2, antigen-positive tumor cell lines, and freshly isolated HLA-A2- and LAGE-1-positive NSCLC cells. Employing time-domain optical imaging, we demonstrate in vivo targeting of fluorescently labelled high-affinity NYESO-specific TCRs to HLA-A2-, NY-ESO-1157-165-positive tumors in xenografted mice. In vivo ImmTAC-NYE efficacy was tested in a tumor model in which human lymphocytes were stably co-engrafted into NSG mice harboring tumor xenografts; efficacy was observed in both tumor prevention and established tumor models using a GFP fluorescence readout. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of both NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 antigens in 15 normal tissues, 5 cancer cell lines, 10 NSCLC, and 10 ovarian cancer samples. Overall, LAGE-1 RNA was expressed at a greater frequency and at higher levels than NY-ESO-1 in the tumor samples. These data support the clinical utility of ImmTAC-NYE as an immunotherapeutic agent for a variety of cancers.
Role of carnitine in disease (2010)

Carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient that plays a vital role in energy production and fatty acid metabolism. Vegetarians possess a greater bioavailability than meat eaters. Distinct deficiencies arise either from genetic mutation of carnitine transporters or in association with other disorders such as liver or kidney disease. Carnitine deficiency occurs in aberrations of carnitine regulation in disorders such as diabetes, sepsis, cardiomyopathy, malnutrition, cirrhosis, endocrine disorders and with aging. Nutritional supplementation of L-carnitine, the biologically active form of carnitine, is ameliorative for uremic patients, and can improve nerve conduction, neuropathic pain and immune function in diabetes patients while it is life-saving for patients suffering primary carnitine deficiency. Clinical application of carnitine holds much promise in a range of neural disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, hepatic encephalopathy and other painful neuropathies. Topical application in dry eye offers osmoprotection and modulates immune and inflammatory responses. Carnitine has been recognized as a nutritional supplement in cardiovascular disease and there is increasing evidence that carnitine supplementation may be beneficial in treating obesity, improving glucose intolerance and total energy expenditure.
Comparative Aspects of Osteosarcoma Pathogenesis in Humans and Dogs (2015)

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary and aggressive bone sarcoma affecting the skeleton of two principal species, human beings and canines. The biologic behavior of OS is conserved between people and dogs, and evidence suggests that fundamental discoveries in OS biology can be facilitated through detailed and comparative studies. In particular, the relative genetic homogeneity associated with specific dog breeds can provide opportunities to facilitate the discovery of key genetic drivers involved in OS pathogenesis, which, to-date, remain elusive. In this review, known causative factors that predispose to the development OS in human beings and dogs are summarized in detail. Based upon the commonalities shared in OS pathogenesis, it is likely that foundational discoveries in one species will be translationally relevant to the other and emphasizes the unique opportunities that might be gained through comparative scientific approaches.
Role of Fibronectin in the Pathogenesis of Syphilis (1987)

In recent years studies concerned with the attachment of Treponema pallidum to host cells have focused on the possible, role of fibronectin in mediation of this event. Although our understanding of in vitro fibronectin-T. pallidum interactions has increased markedly, considerable controversy exists concerning not only the kinetics of binding but whether fibronectin is the only matrix protein involved in attachment. Moreover, a unifying hypothesis concerned with the role of fibronectin in the pathogenesis of syphilis cannot be limited solely to early events. Further characterization of fibronectin-T. pallidum interactions must also take into consideration that the natural infection, characterized by distinct stages, is accompanied by immunologic responses that undoubtedly impact on those cellular interactions.
Notes - Inertness of Tetrachlorofulvenes in the Diels-Alder Reaction (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Inertness of Tetrachlorofulvenes in the Diels-Alder ReactionJohn MeekJohn MeekMore by John Meek and Perry ArgabrightPerry ArgabrightMore by Perry ArgabrightCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 12, 1708–1710Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1957Publication History Published online9 April 2003Published inissue 1 December 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01363a615https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01363a615research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views234Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Angiogenic factors may have a different prognostic role in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2005)

Angiogenesis plays an important role in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. The prognostic significance of angiogenic factors in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains ambiguous. We therefore analyzed the impact of angiogenic factor levels on overall survival of newly diagnosed adult ALL patients. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin-1 receptor alpha (IL-1Ralpha), IL-6, IL-8, VEGF receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, and thrombopoietin (TPO) were measured in plasma samples of 95 patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In a univariate Cox proportional hazards model, higher levels of IL-1Ralpha, IL-8, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 were predictive of poor survival. In contrast, higher levels of VEGF were predictive of longer survival, and higher levels of bFGF suggested a similar trend (P = .09). The multivariate model simultaneously included VEGF (relative risk [RR] for death, 8.01; P = .001 for levels less than or equal to 19.5 pg/mL), IL-1Ralpha (RR, 5.12; P = .007 for levels greater than 373 pg/mL), and VEGFR2 (RR, 4.01; P = .04 for levels greater than 8222 pg/mL) as independent factors for survival. Of interest is the association of high levels of VEGF with good prognosis and higher levels of VEGF receptors with poor outcome. These data reflect the complexity by which angiogenic factors may affect the clinical behavior of patients with ALL, and this complexity should be considered in any therapeutic strategy incorporating antiangiogenic agents.
Frequency and nature of cytokine gene polymorphisms in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (1999)

Genetic involvement in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is indicated by a marked female preponderance and strong, well-established, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations. These associations, however, are not universal and a number of genes outside the major histocompatibility complex may also play a role in susceptibility to type 1 AIH. Prime candidates at present are those polymorphic genes encoding the proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, 2 members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family (IL-1B and IL-1RN), 3 polymorphic sites in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene promoter (positions -1082, -819, and -592), and 2 polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) promoter (positions -308 and -238) in type 1 AIH. The study was performed on 2 independently collected DNA banks, each with appropriate controls, and throughout the analysis associations described in the first set were confirmed in the second set. Standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping techniques were used. Overall there were no significant differences in the distributions of the IL-1B and IL-10 alleles, genotypes, or haplotypes in either study set. In contrast we report a significant association between type 1 AIH and TNF*2 (first set: 34% of controls vs. 49% of patients, Pc =.014 and second set: 26% vs. 56%, P =.00008). However, TNF*2 is found in strong linkage disequilibrium with the HLA A1-B8-DR3 haplotype and stratification analysis indicates that the association with TNF*2 is interdependent with HLA DRB1*0301. This is an indication that there is more than one susceptibility allele for type 1 AIH on chromosome 6p21.3.
Early Clinical and Laboratory Indicators of Acute Dengue Illness (1997)

A prospective observational study was conducted to identify early indicators of acute dengue virus infection. Children with fever for <72 h without obvious cause were studied at hospitals in Bangkok and Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, until resolution of fever. Of 172 evaluable subjects (91% of enrollees), 60 (35%) had dengue, including 32 with dengue fever (DF) and 28 with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). At enrollment, children with dengue were more likely than children with other febrile illnesses (OFI) to report anorexia, nausea, and vomiting and to have a positive tourniquet test, and they had lower total white blood cell counts, absolute neutrophil and absolute monocyte counts, and higher plasma alanine and aspartate (AST) aminotransferase levels than children with OFI. Plasma AST levels were higher in children who developed DHF than in those with DF. These data identify simple clinical and laboratory parameters that help to identify children with DF or DHF.
Effect of a Mismatched Ring in a Traveling-Wave Resonant Circuit (Correspondence) (1957)

In traveling-wave resonant ring circuits wave amplitude "amplification" has been predicted and shown experimentally. In the present note, the input reflection coefficient (input vswr) and wave amplification are considered when the resonant ring circuit contains a mismatch. Qualitatively a small mismatch (low vswr) can produce under resonant conditions a greatly "magnified" input vswr and reduces the maximum attainable amplification in the ring.
II. Internalization of Na + ,K + -ATPase and E-cadherin (1994)

95% and 89%, respectively. The redistribution of both plasma membrane proteins was not microtubule dependent. Similar results were observed in JTC cells. Total biotinylated protein decreased by 67% and 82%, after 30 minutes and 60 minutes of ATP depletion, respectively. The E-cadherin internalization strongly suggests that disruption of adherens junctions occurred following ATP depletion. These results, along with the previously described loss of tight junction integrity, suggest that ATP depletion may be a useful method to study the assembly and disassembly of junctional complexes in epithelial cells. SUMMARY
Minor Groove Hydrogen Bonds and the Replication of Unnatural Base Pairs (2007)

As part of an effort to expand the genetic alphabet, we examined the synthesis of DNA with six different unnatural nucleotides bearing methoxy-derivatized nucleobase analogues. Different nucleobase substitution patterns were used to systematically alter the nucleobase electronics, sterics, and hydrogen-bonding potential. We determined the ability of the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I to synthesize and extend the different unnatural base pairs and mispairs under steady-state conditions. Unlike other hydrogen-bond acceptors examined in the past, the methoxy groups do not facilitate mispairing, implying that they are not recognized by any of the hydrogen-bond donors of the natural nucleobases; however, they do facilitate replication. The more efficient replication results largely from an increase in the rate of extension of primers terminating at the unnatural base pair and, interestingly, requires that the methoxy group be at the ortho position where it is positioned in the developing minor groove and can form a functionally important hydrogen bond with the polymerase. Thus, ortho methoxy groups should be generally useful for the effort to expand the genetic alphabet.
Editorial Commentary:Ready or Not: The Molecular Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis (2008)

Although bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infection associated with significant sequelae [1], our understanding of the natural history of BV and of interventions to restore normal vaginal microflora remains remarkably deficient. BV is defined as a disruption of the ecology of the vaginal microflora and has been traditionally characterized by conventional cultivation as a shift in microbial species from Lactobadllus species to Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobic commensals, including Prevotella species, anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Mobiluncus species, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma hominis. It has been postulated that lactobacilli play a critical role in maintaining the normal vaginal ecosystem by producing lactic acid and other antimicrobial substances
The Chemistry of Acrylonitrile. IV. Cyanoethylation of Active Hydrogen Groups (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Acrylonitrile. IV. Cyanoethylation of Active Hydrogen GroupsHerman Alexander Bruson and Thomas W. RienerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 1, 23–27Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1943https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01241a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views757Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (554 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts