gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deoxygenation of highly hindered phenols (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeoxygenation of highly hindered phenolsJose M. Saa, Mercedes Dopico, Gabriel Martorell, and Angel Garcia-RasoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 3, 991–995Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00290a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00290a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1580Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On mm-Wave Multipath Clustering and Channel Modeling (2014)

Efficient and realistic mm-wave channel models are of vital importance for the development of novel mm-wave wireless technologies. Though many of the current 60 GHz channel models are based on the useful concept of multipath clusters, only a limited number of 60 GHz channel measurements have been reported in the literature for this purpose. Therefore, there is still a need for further measurement based analyses of multipath clustering in the 60 GHz band. This paper presents clustering results for a double-directional 60 GHz MIMO channel model. Based on these results, we derive a model which is validated with measured data. Statistical cluster parameters are evaluated and compared with existing channel models. It is shown that the cluster angular characteristics are closely related to the room geometry and environment, making it infeasible to model the delay and angular domains independently. We also show that when using ray tracing to model the channel, it is insufficient to only consider walls, ceiling, floor and tables; finer structures such as ceiling lamps, chairs and bookshelves need to be taken into account as well.
11-Hydroxy-Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol: Pharmacology, Disposition, and Metabolism of a Major Metabolite of Marihuana in Man (1972)

11-Hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, administered intravenously to man, produces psychologic and pharmacologic effects that persist for several hours. The drug and its metabolites are excreted in urine and feces for more than 1 week. The pharmacology, disposition, and metabolism of 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetra-hydrocannabinol mimic that of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, thus providing evidence that Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (the major active component of marihuana) is converted to the 11-hydroxy compound in man, the latter compound being responsible for the effects.
Endothelial cell activation during angiogenesis in freely transplanted skeletal muscles in mice and its relationship to the onset of myogenesis. (1990)

The activation time of endothelial cells and myogenic cells (presumptive satellite cells) in small skeletal muscle transplants was examined, as well as in the muscle bed underlying the transplants, using autoradiography and light microscopy. At varying intervals, from 12 to 336 hours (14 days) after transplantation, the transplants and some of the underlying muscle were removed from two or four mice (at each interval), after the injection of each animal with tritiated thymidine 1 hour prior to transplant removal. Thus premitotic cells synthesising DNA were labelled. Only one labelled endothelial cell nucleus was seen in all 20 transplants examined during the first 60 hours. Contrastingly, labelled endothelial nuclei were plentiful in muscles underlying the transplants from 36 hours post-transplantation. There was no evidence of a functional vascular supply in the transplants until 72 hours when one of the eight transplants examined at this time showed very slight peripheral revascularisation, with these peripheral vessels containing labelled endothelial cell nuclei. Ninety six hours after transplantation half the transplants sampled showed peripheral revascularisation, with these vessels containing labelled nuclei, and by 120 hours all transplants showed functional blood vessels and contained labelled endothelial cell nuclei. By 14 days after transplantation revascularisation and myogenesis were complete with only an occasional labelled nucleus seen. Autoradiographically labelled premitotic muscle nuclei (presumptive satellite cells) were observed in transplants from 48 hours after transplantation. These results show that revascularisation of the transplanted muscles is not necessary for the activation of myogenic cells, but that activation is probably due to some other stimulus, possibly the diffusion of nutrients from blood vessels of the adjacent tissues.
Interactions of transmembrane carbonic anhydrase, CAIX, with bicarbonate transporters (2007)

Association of some plasma membrane bicarbonate transporters with carbonic anhydrase enzymes forms a bicarbonate transport metabolon to facilitate metabolic CO(2)-HCO(3)(-) conversions and coupled HCO(3)(-) transport. The transmembrane carbonic anhydrase, CAIX, with its extracellular catalytic site, is highly expressed in parietal and other cells of gastric mucosa, suggesting a role in acid secretion. We examined in transfected HEK293 cells the functional and physical interactions between CAIX and the parietal cell Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchanger AE2 or the putative Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchanger SLC26A7. Coexpression of CAIX increased AE2 transport activity by 28 +/- 7% and also activated transport mediated by AE1 and AE3 (32 +/- 10 and 37 +/- 9%, respectively). In contrast, despite a transport rate comparable to that of AE3, coexpressed CAIX did not alter transport associated with SLC26A7. The CAIX-associated increase of AE2 activity did not result from altered AE2 expression or cell surface processing. CAIX was coimmunoprecipitated with the coexpressed SLC4 polypeptides AE1, AE2, and AE3, but not with SLC26A7. GST pull-down assays with a series of domain-deleted forms of CAIX revealed that the catalytic domain of CAIX mediated interaction with AE2. AE2 and CAIX colocalized in human gastric mucosa, as indicated by coimmunofluorescence. This is the first example of a functional and physical interaction between a bicarbonate transporter and a transmembrane carbonic anhydrase. We conclude that CAIX can bind to some Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchangers to form a bicarbonate transport metabolon.
Fifty years of animal health at The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (1996)

The study of wildfowl disease and mortality was in its infancy when, in 1946, Peter Scott founded the Severn Wildfowl Trust at Slimbridge. The largest collection of captive wildfowl in the world was not to be without significant health problems, since the maintenance of high densities of birds on the same area for 50 years was a sure recipe for a host of infectious and parasitic disease outbreaks. In the United States, studies into large scale mortality of wild migratory waterfowl had been undertaken as early as 1920, and the importance of botulism and avian cholera, with their ability to cause mass mortality, had been recognised. In Europe, however, little was known of the disease status of captive and migratory waterfowl; this was a subject to which WWT would make a significant contribution during the next five decades.
Two Types of Anti-progestins Have Distinct Effects on Site-specific Phosphorylation of Human Progesterone Receptor (1996)

Human progesterone receptor (PR) is phosphorylated on multiple serine residues; three sites (Ser102, Ser294, and Ser345) are inducible by hormone agonist, while at least six others are basally phosphorylated and exhibit a general increase in response to hormone. In this study we have used high performance liquid chromatography phosphopeptide mapping and manual peptide sequencing to investigate how two different progestin antagonists, RU486 and ZK98299, affect site-specific phosphorylation of PR isolated from T47D breast cancer cells. As compared to the progestin agonist R5020, RU486 stimulated a similar increase in overall incorporation of [32P]phosphate per PR molecule (2.5-2.6-fold for PR-A and 2.1-fold for PR-B), and at the site-specific level, RU486 stimulated both the basal and inducible sites to the same extent as R5020. In contrast, ZK98299 produced only a minimal increase in overall phosphorylation (1.2-fold for PR-A and 1.1-fold for PR-B) which was due to a reduced stimulation of the basal sites and failure to induce any of the three hormone-dependent sites. No inappropriate phosphorylation sites were detected in response to either RU486 or ZK98299. In cotreatment studies, ZK98299 blocked the increase in overall phosphorylation of PR induced by R5020, demonstrating that the failure of this antagonist to stimulate specific phosphorylation sites is not due to an inefficient interaction with PR in the intact cell. These results indicate that the biological effects of RU486 are not mediated by an alternation in the phosphorylation state of PR, whereas failure to promote phosphorylation of certain sites may contribute to the antagonist action of ZK98299. Additionally these results support the concept of two mechanistic classes of anti-progestins that affect PR differently in vivo.
Abstract 18873: Al 18 F-NOTA-folate Accumulates in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Can be Detected by PET/CT (2015)

Introduction:Macrophages are a major cell type in inflamed atherosclerotic plaques. Since folate receptor β (FR-β) is highly expressed in activated macrophages, we hypothesized that it might serve as a new marker for inflamed atherosclerotic plaques. Hypothesis: We aimed at evaluating a FR-β targeted PET tracer, Al 18 F NOTA-Folate, for the detection of inflamed atherosclerotic plaques. Methods:Atherosclerotic mice deficient for low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR -/- ApoB 100/100 , n=12), C57BL control mice (n=9), and Watanabe rabbits (n=4) with endothelial denudation-induced atherosclerosis in the aorta were used. Biodistribution of Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate (specific radioactivity 130 GMq/μmol) was investigated in vivo by PET/contrast enhanced CT and ex vivo by gamma counting and autoradiography of aortic sections. In addition, prior to Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate study, the Watanabe rabbits were PET/CT imaged with 18 F-FDG. Results:Atherosclerotic mice demonstrated large and macrophage-rich atheromatous plaques in the aorta. The in vivo PET/CT revealed significantly higher uptake of Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate in the aortic arch of atherosclerotic mice compared to controls (aorta-to-blood ratio 1.5±0.3 vs. 0.7±0.2, P &lt;0.0001), which were verified by ex vivo measurements. Autoradiography confirmed focally increased uptake of Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate in the atherosclerotic plaques (plaque-to-normal vessel wall ratio 2.6±0.7, P &lt;0.0001). Competitive study with excess of unlabelled folate reduced Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate uptake in the aorta by app. 80% and thus verified the specificity of its binding. In the rabbit aorta, the PET/CT showed a strong focal in vivo uptake of Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate co-localizing with an atherosclerotic abdominal aorta with highest aorta-to-blood ratio of 6.0. For comparison, with 18 F-FDG the ratio was 2.4 in the same area. Conclusions: Al 18 F-NOTA-Folate, targeting FR-β, accumulates in macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques, which can be detected in vivo by PET/CT in experimental models of atherosclerosis. Further development of the tracer for imaging of patients with atherosclerosis is warranted.
Antitumor activity of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate-free lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio anguillarum in mice. (1983)

The antitumor activity of a marine bacterium, Vibrio anguillarum, against Ehrlich carcinoma cells in ddY mice was investigated. The aqueous layer obtained by the hot phenol-water procedure exhibited more antitumor activity than did the middle layer or the phenol layer. This finding indicates that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from V. anguillarum exhibits significant antitumor activity. In fact, mice injected with LPS obtained by ultracentrifugation and treatment with RNase had a longer mean survival period than the control mice. V. anguillarum LPS also inhibited the growth of syngeneic fibrosarcoma induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6 mice. V. anguillarum LPS possesses no 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, a regular sugar component of the core region of most gram-negative bacterial LPS, suggesting that 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate is unnecessary for the antitumor activity of LPS.
Cyclin D1 Regulates Cellular Migration through the Inhibition of Thrombospondin 1 and ROCK Signaling (2006)

Cyclin D1 is overexpressed in human tumors, correlating with cellular metastasis, and is induced by activating Rho GTPases. Herein, cyclin D1-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited increased adhesion and decreased motility compared with wild-type MEFs. Retroviral transduction of cyclin D1 reversed these phenotypes. Mutational analysis of cyclin D1 demonstrated that its effects on cellular adhesion and migration were independent of the pRb and p160 coactivator binding domains. Genomewide expression arrays identified a subset of genes regulated by cyclin D1, including Rho-activated kinase II (ROCKII) and thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1). cyclin D1(-/-) cells showed increased Rho GTP and ROCKII activity and signaling, with increased phosphorylation of LIM kinase, cofilin (Ser3), and myosin light chain 2 (Thr18/Ser19). Cyclin D1 repressed ROCKII and TSP-1 expression, and the migratory defect of cyclin D1(-/-) cells was reversed by ROCK inhibition or TSP-1 immunoneutralizing antibodies. cyclin E knockin to the cyclin D1(-/-) MEFs rescued the DNA synthesis defect of cyclin D1(-/-) MEFs but did not rescue either the migration defect or the abundance of ROCKII. Cyclin D1 promotes cellular motility through inhibiting ROCK signaling and repressing the metastasis suppressor TSP-1.
Injury of the renal microvascular endothelium alters barrier function after ischemia (2003)

The role of renal microvascular endothelial cell injury in the pathophysiology of ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) remains largely unknown. No consistent morphological alterations have been ascribed to the endothelium of the renal microvasculature as a result of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine biochemical markers of endothelial injury and morphological changes in the renal microvascular endothelium in a rodent model of ischemic ARF. Circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) was measured as a marker of endothelial injury. Twenty-four hours after ischemia, circulating vWF peaked at 124% over baseline values (P = 0.001). The FVB-TIE2/GFP mouse was utilized to localize morphological changes in the renal microvascular endothelium. Immediately after ischemia, there was a marked increase in F-actin aggregates in the basal and basolateral aspect of renal microvascular endothelial cells in the corticomedullary junction. After 24 h of reperfusion, the pattern of F-actin staining was more similar to that observed under physiological conditions. In addition, alterations in the integrity of the adherens junctions of the renal microvasculature, as demonstrated by loss of localization in vascular endothelial cadherin immunostaining, were observed after 24 h of reperfusion. This observation temporally correlated with the greatest extent of permeability defect in the renal microvasculature as identified using fluorescent dextrans and two-photon intravital imaging. Taken together, these findings indicate that renal vascular endothelial injury occurs in ischemic ARF and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of ischemic ARF.
Profound Alterations of Intestinal Microbiota following a Single Dose of Clindamycin Results in Sustained Susceptibility to Clostridium difficile-Induced Colitis (2011)

Antibiotic-induced changes in the intestinal microbiota predispose mammalian hosts to infection with antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive intestinal pathogen that causes colitis and diarrhea in patients following antibiotic treatment. Clindamycin predisposes patients to C. difficile colitis. Here, we have used Roche-454 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing to longitudinally characterize the intestinal microbiota of mice following clindamycin treatment in the presence or absence of C. difficile infection. We show that a single dose of clindamycin markedly reduces the diversity of the intestinal microbiota for at least 28 days, with an enduring loss of ca. 90% of normal microbial taxa from the cecum. Loss of microbial complexity results in dramatic sequential expansion and contraction of a subset of bacterial taxa that are minor contributors to the microbial consortium prior to antibiotic treatment. Inoculation of clindamycin-treated mice with C. difficile (VPI 10463) spores results in rapid development of diarrhea and colitis, with a 4- to 5-day period of profound weight loss and an associated 40 to 50% mortality rate. Recovering mice resolve diarrhea and regain weight but remain highly infected with toxin-producing vegetative C. difficile bacteria and, in comparison to the acute stage of infection, have persistent, albeit ameliorated cecal and colonic inflammation. The microbiota of "recovered" mice remains highly restricted, and mice remain susceptible to C. difficile infection at least 10 days following clindamycin, suggesting that resolution of diarrhea and weight gain may result from the activation of mucosal immune defenses.
High School String Players’ Perception of Violin, Trumpet, and Voice Intonation (2012)

We studied young string players’ perception of intonation in accompanied solo performances of trumpet, voice, and violin. We were interested in whether pitch deviations of equal magnitude in the three solo performances would be judged as equivalent in intonation. Listeners were 71 middle and high school string players who heard trumpet, voice, and violin performances of “Ave Maria” (Bach/Gounod) accompanied by piano. Pitch levels of the soloists were in-tune or became progressively more sharp or flat (by 10, 20, and 30 cents) relative to the accompaniment. Intonation changes in the sharp direction were judged as more out-of-tune for the violin than equivalent alterations of voice and trumpet. In flat direction changes, violin was also heard as slightly more out-of-tune than the other soloists for deviations of 30 cents, but was judged similar to the other two for deviations of 10 and 20 cents. Additional research is necessary to investigate whether this outcome was a result of these string players’ heightened sensitivity to string intonation.
Take Your Partners, Please — Signal Diversification by the erbB Family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (1999)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: erbBreceptor tyrosine kinasegrowth factorsignal transductionEGFTGFheregulinneuregulin
YAC libraries : a user's guide (1994)

An indispensable guide to an emerging technology, this unique book introduces detailed methods for the construction, screening, and use of DNA sequences cloned into yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) vectors and the applications of YACs to gene hunting. Also covered are the reconstruction of large genes and the analysis of YACs by insertion back into mammalian cells--a method that may lead to the therapeutic use of YAC clones. The methods described are drawn from work on human DNA, but are universal to yeast artificial chromosomes used in other organisms. YAC Libraries is the third volume in the UWBC Biotechnical Resource Series with Dr. Richard Burgess, Director of the University of Wisconsin Biotechnology center, as Series Editor. The series is dedicated to providing practical guidance to researchers exploring new technologies and services.
MultiNet: Real-time Joint Semantic Reasoning for Autonomous Driving (2016)

While most approaches to semantic reasoning have focused on improving performance, in this paper we argue that computational times are very important in order to enable real time applications such as autonomous driving. Towards this goal, we present an approach to joint classification, detection and semantic segmentation using a unified architecture where the encoder is shared amongst the three tasks. Our approach is very simple, can be trained end-to-end and performs extremely well in the challenging KITTI dataset. Our approach is also very efficient, allowing us to perform inference at more then 23 frames per second. Training scripts and trained weights to reproduce our results can be found here: https://github.com/MarvinTeichmann/MultiNet
RF Characteristics of thin dipoles (1964)

This paper considers the average bistatic scattering cross section of thin cylindrical dipoles as a function of frequency, bistatic angle, and transmitting and receiving polarization. The averaging is over all orientations of the dipole with all orientations equally likely. Section II is essentially tutorial, approaching the problem of scattering cross section from the equivalent circuit point of view. Using this approach, the maximum scattering cross sections of lossless dipoles in the Rayleigh region and at the first and second resonances are derived. Section III presents a novel method of predicting cross section at the first resonance with the effect of loss included. Numerous measurements indicate that this method is widely applicable. Section IV describes our microwave scattering range and the results of measurements made on dipoles resonant at X band. In Section V the averaging of cross sections is considered. The average bistatic cross sections for resonant half-wave and full-wave dipoles are plotted vs bistatic angle for various transmitting and receiving polarizations. These results, which are new, were obtained using a digital computer. The average cross section for short (Rayleigh region) dipoles is also obtained as a function of bistatic angle for various polarizations. Section VI is a summary of parameters of the West Ford dipoles.
Dendritic Cells Expressing a Combined PADRE/MUC4-Derived Polyepitope DNA Vaccine Induce Multiple Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses (2008)

The tumor-associated antigen, mucin4 (MUC4), is overexpressed on various epithelial malignancies, making it a potentially broadly applicable candidate vaccine therapy. In this paper, we report on the creation of a dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine, using cells transduced with the universal DR-restricted Th helper epitope (PADRE) combined with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A1- and HLA-A2-restricted epitopes from MUC4 (rAd-pE-DCs). We examined this vaccine's biologic characteristics and immune activity in vitro, finding that infection with the polyepitope adenovirus did not alter the typical morphology of mature DC and the typical markers of these cells (CD86, CD83, CD80, and HLA-DR) were highly expressed on rAd-pE-DCs. Lymphocytes primed with rAd-pE-DCs generated potent cytotoxic responses. By contrast, lymphocytes primed with a GFP-expressing adenovirus (rAd-GFP-DCs) or mock-transfected DCs were not cytotoxic. Transduction of DCs with an adenovirus encoding PADRE combined with HLA-A1- and HLA-A2-restricted epitopes may be a potential strategy for the immunotherapy of MUC4-associated tumors.