gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibitors of Mammalian Tissue Collagenase and Metalloproteinases Suppress Ovulation in the Perfused Rat Ovary* (1988)

We have examined the effects of a new synthetic inhibitor of mammalian tissue collagenase, CI-1 (N-[3-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-1-(R)carboxypropyl]L-leucyl-O-methyl-L- tyrosine N-methylamide; G. D. Searle SC 40827), and a general metalloproteinase inhibitor, 1,10-phenanthroline, on ovulation, as judged by the observation of follicular rupture, and on progesterone production of the perfused rat ovary. Ovaries of PMSG (20 IU)-primed rats were perfused for 21 h, and samples of medium were taken for analysis of progesterone concentration. The number of ovulations was estimated by counting the number of oocytes released into the perfusion chamber. Ovaries were stimulated with LH (0.1 micrograms/ml) plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 0.2 mM), and this treatment resulted in a mean of 17.2 ovulations/treated ovary. 1,10-Phenanthroline dose-dependently inhibited ovulation, with 0, 0.2, and 12.5 ovulations/treated ovary at 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 mM, respectively. This inhibition of ovulation closely paralleled the inhibition of extracted collagenase from uterus and ovary. However, 1,10-phenanthroline also suppressed progesterone release in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of the collagenase inhibitor (CI-1; 25 microM) 1 h after LH plus IBMX inhibited ovulation (6.3 ovulations/treated ovary). Its relatively inactive stereoisomer (CI-2; 25 microM) did not suppress ovulation (20.0 ovulations/treated ovary). CI-1 inhibited extracted uterine collagenase 50% at a concentration of 2 microM, whereas CI-2 was only 1/15th as effective. There was an 80% loss of CI-1 from the medium during the perfusions. Neither CI-1 nor CI-2 had any effect on LH plus IBMX-stimulated progesterone release. These data demonstrate that the general metalloproteinase inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline is able to inhibit ovulation, but also inhibits steroidogenesis. The more specific inhibitor of collagenase, CI-1, can inhibit ovulation without affecting steroid production. These data indicate an important role for collagenase in the ovulatory process.
Phase I trial of the recombinant soluble complement receptor 1 in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (2000)

TP10 has a half-life of approximately 70 hrs and at doses > or =1 mg/kg, significantly inhibits complement activity at the levels of C3 and C5 in patients with ALI/ARDS. Complement inhibition was more prolonged over time with TP10 doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg. TP10 appears to be safe at the doses tested. Further studies will be required to completely assess the impact of TP10 on pathophysiology and clinical outcome in patients with ALI/ARDS.
SOLUBILITY OF OXYGEN IN SEA WATER. (1911)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOLUBILITY OF OXYGEN IN SEA WATER.George C. Whipple and Melville C. WhippleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1911, 33, 3, 362–365Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1911Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1911https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02216a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02216a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views420Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clear channel transmission of ATM/SONET and subcarrier multiplexed signals in a reconfigurable multiwavelength all-optical network testbed (1996)

Simultaneous transmission of subcarrier multiplexed multichannel FM-video and 3-GHz binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) digital signals, co-propagated with ATM/SONET multimedia services has been demonstrated for the first time in a reconfigurable multiwavelength all-optical network testbed. The experiment was performed over 160 km of single-mode fiber and a cascade of six erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and five wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) cross-connects.
Cloning of the mitogen-activated S6 kinase from rat liver reveals an enzyme of the second messenger subfamily. (1990)

Recently we reported the purification of a mitogen-activated S6 kinase from Swiss mouse 3T3 fibroblasts and rat liver. The rat liver protein was cleaved with cyanogen bromide or trypsin and 17 of the resulting peptides were sequenced. DNA primers were generated from 3 peptides that had homology to sequences of the conserved catalytic domain of protein kinases. These primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction to obtain a 0.4-kilobase DNA fragment. This fragment was either radioactively labeled and hybridized to Northern blots of poly(A)+ mRNA or used to screen a rat liver cDNA library. Northern blot analysis revealed four transcripts of 2.5, 3.2, 4.0, and 6.0 kilobases, and five S6 kinase clones were obtained by screening the library. Only two of the clones, which were identical, encoded a full-length protein. This protein had a molecular weight of 56,160, which correlated closely to that of the dephosphorylated kinase determined by SDS/PAGE. The catalytic domain of the kinase resembles that of other serine/threonine kinases belonging to the second messenger subfamily of protein kinases.
Ionization Energies of Free Molecules and Molecular Solids (1989)

Abstract Gas phase ionization energies I g, for compounds of interest from electrical and electronic viewpoints can be determined using photoemission techniques. Also reasonably good estimation can be obtained from oxidation potential and energy of charge-transfer absorption in solution. Photoemission techniques are also used for determining ionization energies of molecular solids I s These methods are reviewed, and a table of ionization energies for 120 compounds are given. The difference Δ between I g and I s can be ascribed to the polarization of surrounding molecules and, in some cases, intermolecular band formation. The trends in I g, I s, and Δ for various compounds are discussed. Finally, information from I g and I s is surveyed for the energetics of ionized states and the electronic structure of binary systems.
Fast, small-space algorithms for approximate histogram maintenance (2002)

(MATH) A vector A of length N is defined implicitly, via a stream of updates of the form "add 5 to A3." We give a sketching algorithm, that constructs a small sketch from the stream of updates, and a reconstruction algorithm, that produces a B-bucket piecewise-constant representation (histogram) H for A from the sketch, such that ||A—H||≤(1+ε)||A—Hopt||, where the error ||A—H|| is either $\ell_1$ (absolute) or $\ell_2$ (root-mean-square) error. The time to process a single update, time to reconstruct the histogram, and size of the sketch are each bounded by poly(B,log(N),log||A,1/ε. Our result is obtained in two steps. First we obtain what we call a robust histogram approximation for A, a histogram such that adding a small number of buckets does not help improve the representation quality significantly. From the robust histogram, we cull a histogram of desired accruacy and B buckets in the second step. This technique also provides similar results for Haar wavelet representations, under $\ell_2$ error. Our results have applications in summarizing data distributions fast and succinctly even in distributed settings.
First‐Ever Per(onio) Substitution of Benzene: The Role of the Counterion (1995)

Efficient trapping of the liberated fluoride ions is the key to the synthesis of the hexakis(onio)-substituted benzene derivative 1 in 92% yield from hexafluorobenzene and dimethylaminopyridine. In the solid state one of the triflate counterions of 1 is located above and one below the central benzene ring to give a triple-decker-type structure.
Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anemia of chronic disease. (1997)

Local production of proinflammatory cytokines in the bone marrow may be associated with the development of ACD in RA.
Gut commensal Lactobacillus reuteri 100‐23 stimulates an immunoregulatory response (2009)

Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 is a bacterial commensal of the gastrointestinal tract of mice. Previous studies have shown that colonization of the murine gut by this strain stimulates small-bowel enterocytes to produce proinflammatory cytokines. This is associated with a mild, transitory inflammatory response 6 days after inoculation of formerly Lactobacillus-free animals. The inflammation subsides by 21 days after colonization, although lactobacilli continue to be present in the bowel. To determine the immunological mechanisms that underpin tolerance to bowel commensals, we investigated cytokine responses of dendritic cells and T cells after exposure to cells of L. reuteri 100-23. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-2 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) concentrations in supernatants of cultured immune cells, as well as the results of proliferative assays of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells and quantification of Foxp3-positive cells in MLN and spleen, indicated that L. reuteri 100-23 stimulated the development of an increased number of regulatory T cells.
GLUCOSE CONTROL AND LONG-TERM SURVIVAL IN BIOBREEDING/WORCESTER RATS AFTER INTRAPERITONEAL IMPLANTATION OF HYDROPHILIC MACROBEADS CONTAINING PORCINE ISLETS WITHOUT IMMUNOSUPPRESSION1 (1999)

Our results indicate that macrobeads containing porcine islets implanted intraperitoneally in natural insulin-dependent diabetic BB/Wor rats are capable of normalizing glucose control, permitting a normal life span, and preventing the renal changes normally associated with diabetes. Therefore, further short- and long-term studies of porcine islet macrobead implantation in chemically induced and naturally occurring diabetes in rodents, as well as larger animals including dogs, monkeys and possibly humans, are merited.
Apolipoprotein J/Clusterin Prevents a Progressive Glomerulopathy of Aging (2002)

Apoliprotein J (apoJ)/clusterin has attracted considerable interest based on its inducibility in multiple injury processes and accumulation at sites of remodeling, regression, and degeneration. We therefore sought to investigate apoJ/clusterin's role in kidney aging, as this may reveal the accumulated effects of diminished protection. Aging mice deficient in apoJ/clusterin developed a progressive glomerulopathy characterized by the deposition of immune complexes in the mesangium. Up to 75% of glomeruli in apoJ/clusterin-deficient mice exhibited moderate to severe mesangial lesions by 21 months of age. Wild-type and hemizygous mice exhibited little or no glomerular pathology. In the apoJ/clusterin-deficient mice, immune complexes of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, and in some cases C1q, C3, and C9 were detectable as early as 4 weeks of age. Electron microscopy revealed the accumulation of electron-dense material in the mesangial matrix and age-dependent formation of intramesangial tubulo-fibrillary structures. Even the most extensively damaged glomeruli showed no evidence of inflammation or necrosis. In young apoJ/clusterin-deficient animals, the development of immune complex lesions was accelerated by unilateral nephrectomy-induced hyperfiltration. Injected immune complexes localized to the mesangium of apoJ/clusterin-deficient but not wild-type mice. These results establish a protective role of apoJ/clusterin against chronic glomerular kidney disease and support the hypothesis that apoJ/clusterin modifies immune complex metabolism and disposal.
Improved mass accuracy in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of peptides (1994)

One problem of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry is the moderate mass accuracy that typically can be obtained in routine applications, Here we report improved mass accuracy for peptides, even when low amounts and complex peptide mixtures are used. A new procedure for preparing matrix surfaces is used, and there is no need to mix the matrix with the sample or to add internal standards. Examples are shown with a mass accuracy better than 50 ppm in a peptide mixture. Peptide mapping as well as sequencing by creating "ragged ends" or "ladder sequencing" should benefit especially from the improved mass accuracy.
The hTERTα Splice Variant is a Dominant Negative Inhibitor of Telomerase Activity (2000)

The telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) is an essential component of the holoenzyme complex that adds telomeric repeats to the ends of human chromosomes. Maintenance of telomeres by telomerase or another mechanism is required for cell immortalization, and loss of telomeric DNA has been proposed as a trigger for cellular senescence. Available evidence suggests that regulation of telomerase activity primarily depends on transcriptional control of hTERT. However, several human tissues as well as some normal cell strains have been shown to express low levels of hTERT mRNA even though they lack telomerase activity. We have previously identified six splice variants of hTERT, including a "deletion" variant (hTERTalpha) that is missing conserved residues from the catalytic core of the protein. Several of the deletion variants have been detected in normal and developing human tissues. We now show that hTERTalpha inhibits endogenous telomerase activity, which results in telomere shortening and chromosome end-to-end fusions. Telomerase inhibition induced a senescence-like state in HT1080 cells and apoptosis in a jejunal fibroblast cell line. These results suggest a possible role for hTERT splice variants in the regulation of telomerase activity.
Transcription of human papillomavirus type 16 early genes in a cervical cancer and a cancer-derived cell line and identification of the E7 protein. (1986)

Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA and RNA were characterized in the cervical cancer-derived CaSki cell line, which contains only integrated DNA, and in a cervical cancer, which contains predominantly plasmid DNA. In both, a major RNA can code for the early open reading frame E7 and a minor one can code for E6. The cervical cancer, but not the CaSki cell line, contains a minor RNA that can code for an intact E2 protein, and this may relate to the continued presence of plasmid DNA. The RNA mapping data suggest that the poly(A)+ RNA is transcribed from a minor fraction of the several hundred gene copies present, and in the cervical cancer these genomes appear to be integrated. The E7 protein has been identified in CaSki cells and the prevalence of its mRNA suggests a possible function in progression to, or long-term maintenance of, the malignant state.
Synthesis and Characterization of Amide-Derivatized, Polypyridyl-Based Metallopolymers (1996)

A new series of soluble metallopolymers based on amide-derivatized, styrene−p-(aminomethyl)styrene, containing on the average 16 repeat units, has been synthesized. The amino copolymer was prepared by treating styrene−p-(chloromethyl)styrene with potassium phthalimide and then with hydrazine monohydrate. The derivatization chemistry is based on amide coupling to the amino polymer. The aminated polymer was derivatized by reaction with a stoichiometric amount of the acid-functionalized metal complexes, [MIIb2b−COOH](PF6)2] (MII = RuII, OsII; b = 2,2‘-bipyridine, b−COOH = 4‘-methyl-2,2‘-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid), in the presence of a coupling reagent. The remaining amino sites were capped by the acetyl group by treatment with acetic anhydride. Samples of varying composition, [co-PS−CH2NHCO−(RuIIxMe16-x)](PF6)2x (x = 4, 7, 9, 12, 16) and [co-PS−CH2NHCO−(OsIIxMe16-x)](PF6)2x (x = 4, 8, 16) have been prepared where MII is an abbreviation for [MIIb2b−CONH−]2+ (M = Ru, Os) and Me for the methyl of the acetamide group. Compositions were determined by 1H-NMR and infrared spectroscopy. Photophysical properties of the samples have been studied as a function of loading and of solvent. All exhibit characteristic metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorptions and emissions which are only slightly solvent dependent. In some cases, luminescence decays are nonexponential but could be fit to a sum of two exponentials. Quantum yields and kinetic decay parameters are dependent on solvent, extent of loading, and incident excitation intensity.
Pharmacological Characterization of a New, Orally Active and Potent Allosteric Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Antagonist, 4-(1-(2-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3- triazol-4-yl)-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)- (2007)

A highly potent and selective metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) 1 antagonist, 4-[1-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2, 3-triazol-4-yl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)carboxamide (FTIDC), is described. FTIDC inhibits, with equal potency, L-glutamate-induced intracellular Ca 2 mobilization in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human, rat, or mouse mGluR1a. The IC50 value of FTIDC is 5.8 nM for human mGluR1a and 6200 nM for human mGluR5. The maximal response in agonist concentration-response curves was reduced in the presence of higher concentrations of FTIDC, suggesting the inhibition in a noncompetitive manner. FTIDC at 10 M showed no agonistic, antagonistic, or positive allosteric modulatory activity toward mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7, or mGluR8. FTIDC did not displace [ 3 H]L-quisqualate binding to human mGluR1a, indicating FTIDC is an allosteric antagonist. Studies using chimeric and mutant receptors of mGluR1 showed that transmembrane (TM) domains 4 to 7, especially Phe801 in TM6 and Thr815 in TM7, play pivotal roles in the antagonism of FTIDC. FTIDC inhibited the constitutive activity of mGluR1a, suggesting that FTIDC acts as an inverse agonist of mGluR1a. Intraperitoneally administered FTIDC inhibited face-washing behavior elicited by a group I mGluR agonist, (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine in mice at doses that did not produce motor impairment. Oral administration of FTIDC also inhibited the face-washing behavior. FTIDC is a highly potent and selective allosteric mGluR1 antagonist and a compound having oral activity without species differences in its antagonistic activity on recombinant human, mouse, and rat mGluR1. FTIDC could therefore be a valuable tool for elucidating the functions of mGluR1 not only in rodents but also in humans.
Significance of glomerular activation of the alternative pathway and lectin pathway in lupus nephritis (2011)

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the association between glomerular complement depositions belonging to the alternative (AP) and lectin (LP) pathways, and clinical findings of lupus nephritis (LN). Immunofluorescence (IF) was performed on 17 LN patients using antibodies against factor B, factor H, properdin, mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and L-ficolin. Compared with factor B/factor H negative patients (n = 9), positive patients (n = 8) showed longer duration of LN (p < 0.05) and more severe interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.05). Eleven patients had properdin deposition in glomeruli, and in three of them, with a duration of LN of less than 1 month, factor B was undetectable. Compared with properdin negative patients (n = 6), positive patients (n = 11) showed significantly higher urinary protein excretion (p < 0.01). MBL/L-ficolin positive patients (n = 11) also had significantly higher urinary protein excretion (p < 0.05) compared with negative patients (n = 6). An independent association was found between glomerular deposition of properdin and that of MBL/L-ficolin (p < 0.01) in addition to factor B/factor H. Traces of glomerular activation of AP and LP reflected the clinical status of LN. It appears that glomerular deposition of each complement component, especially properdin, may be an index of the histological activity of LN.
Protection of Mice from Fatal Bubonic and Pneumonic Plague by Passive Immunization with Monoclonal Antibodies against the F1 Protein of Yersinia pestis (1997)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the fraction 1 (F1) protein of Yersinia pestis protected mice against fatal pneumonic as well as bubonic plague from wild-type F1+ organisms. The rare isolation of a virulent F1- isolate from surviving animals supports earlier studies suggesting that improved vaccines should consist of immunogens to protect against F1- variants. The high degree of protection with IgG MAb suggests that secretory IgA is not required for protection from pneumonic plague.
MCPIP1/regnase-I inhibits simian immunodeficiency virus and is not counteracted by Vpx (2016)

We have previously shown that the cellular RNase MCPIP1/regnase-1 potently blocks HIV-1 infection in resting CD4+ T-cells. As simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) encodes an accessory protein named Vpx, which enhances viral replication in resting CD4+ T-cells by degrading the cellular restriction factor SAMHD1, we investigated whether MCPIP1 restricts SIV infection and whether Vpx protein antagonizes MCPIP1-mediated restriction. In co-transfection studies, human MCPIP1 markedly reduced the production of infectious SIV, whereas MCPIP2 and MCPIP3 had little effect. MCPIP1 derived from cynomolgus monkey also inhibited human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and SIV production, albeit to a lesser degree. Lastly, expression of SIV Vpx protein did not reduce MCPIP1 at the protein level, nor did it ablate the MCPIP1-mediated restriction. In conclusion, both human and cynomolgus monkey MCPIP1 restrict SIV replication. Unlike SAMHD1, MCPIP1-mediated HIV-1 restriction cannot be overcome by SIV Vpx.
Evidence for a schizophrenia vulnerability locus on chromosome 8p in the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families (1996)

This study supports the existence of a vulnerability locus for schizophrenia on chromosome 8p. In this sample, this locus appears to influence the risk of illness in only a modest proportion of families and predisposes to a range of schizophrenia spectrum and possibly nonspectrum disorders.