gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QR-TAN: Secure Mobile Transaction Authentication (2009)

The security of electronic transactions depends on the security of the user's terminal. An insecure terminal may allow an attacker to create or manipulate transactions. Several techniques have been developed that help to protect transactions performed over insecure terminals. TAN codes, security tokens, and smart cards prevent an attacker who obtained the user's password from signing transactions under the user's identity. However, usually these techniques do not allow a user to assert that the content of a transaction has not been manipulated. This paper contributes with the QR-TAN authentication technique. QR-TANs are a transaction authentication technique based on two-dimensional barcodes. Compared to other established techniques, QR-TANs show three advantages: First, QR-TANs allow the user to directly validate the content of a transaction within a trusted device. Second, validation is secure even if an attacker manages to gain full control over a userpsilas computer. Finally, QR-TANs in combination with smart cards can also be utilized for offline transactions that do not require any server.
Indole Resin:  A Versatile New Support for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Organic Molecules (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTIndole Resin: A Versatile New Support for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Organic MoleculesKimberly G. Estep, Christopher E. Neipp, Linda M. Stephens Stramiello, Mavis D. Adam, Martin P. Allen, Shaughnessy Robinson, and Eric J. RoskampView Author Information Pfizer Central Research, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 16, 5300–5301Publication Date (Web):July 11, 1998Publication History Received3 April 1998Published online11 July 1998Published inissue 1 August 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9806052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9806052rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1089Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amides,Amines,Indoles,Organic polymers,Urea Get e-Alerts
Studies on the Preparation of Bioactive Lignans by Oxidative Coupling Reaction. III. Synthesis of Polyphenolic Benzofuran and Coumestan Derivatives by Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Methyl (E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) propenoate and Their Inhibitory Effect on Lipid Peroxidation. (1994)

Three dihydrobenzofuran derivatives 11, 19, 22, a Pummerer's ketone 20 and a dimeric phenylpropanoid 24 were synthesized by oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)propenoate 10, which was prepared from umbelliferone. The major product 11 was converted into its acetate 21 and schizotenuin D analogs 27, 28, 29. A new coumestan derivative 13 was synthesized from 29. Ten synthetic compounds thus obtained were tested for inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate.
Rapid Rise in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes From 1987 to 1996 (1999)

There has been a significant increasing secular trend in the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans and a borderline significant trend in non-Hispanic whites participating in the San Antonio Heart Study. Unlike other cardiovascular risk factors such as lipid levels, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure, which are either declining or under progressively better medical management and control, and unlike cardiovascular mortality, which is also declining, obesity and type 2 diabetes are exhibiting increasing trends. Thus, obesity and diabetes could easily become the preeminent US public health problem.
Evaluations in Psychiatry (2011)

Our contemporary society is characterized by its desire to objectify and quantify. Now, all attempts to quantify psychiatric symptoms in order to turn them into mathematical items lead to a denial of the individual specificity of the psyche.
A comparison of inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on rat urinary bladder, urethra, and vas deferens (1993)

The effects of human and porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY) on electrically induced contractions of smooth muscle strips from rat urinary bladder, urethra, and vas deferens were investigated. NPY (10 nM-10 microM) inhibited to the contractile response in all preparations. The magnitude of inhibition by NPY was dependent on frequency of stimulation in each organ, the inhibition being in general much greater (80-100%) at low frequencies (2-5 Hz) than at high frequencies (30-40% at 10-100 Hz). The vas deferens and urethra exhibited nearly maximal inhibition (90-100%) over a broader range of stimulus frequencies (1-20 Hz), while the bladder exhibited a more prominent inhibition at frequencies of stimulation below 2 Hz. When tested at 20 Hz stimulation the urethra and vas deferens were very sensitive (70-90% inhibition) to both types of NPY, whereas bladder strips were much less sensitive to NPY and the effect differed with the two types of NPY (16% inhibition with human NPY and 39% inhibition with porcine NPY). In the urinary bladder, NPY inhibited the cholinergic component of the contractile response, while in the urethra adrenergic transmission was primarily affected. These studies suggest that NPY, which is present in both cholinergic and adrenergic neurons in the pelvic ganglia, may have an important role in the neural control of the lower urinary tract by participating in autoinhibition at autonomic nerve terminals as well as in the heterosynaptic interactions between the cholinergic and adrenergic pathways.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of Agaricus bisporus. (2000)

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is known to transfer parts of its tumor-inducing plasmid to filamentous fungi including Agaricus bisporus. We have used this transformation system to transform germinating basidiospores of A. bisporus. Analysis of hygromycin B-resistant clones showed that the T-DNA integrated at random sites and in multiple copies into the host genome. Furthermore we have been able to show that the integrated T-DNA is mitotically and meiotically stable. The data indicate that T-DNA transfer is an efficient system to transform the basidiomycete A. bisporus. We have tested whether it is possible to use the A. tumefaciens system to transform vegetative mycelium of a commercial A. bisporus strain. Our preliminary data suggest that T-DNA transfer could be used to directly transform commercial lines of A. bisporus or their constituent homokaryons.
Inferring 3D Volumetric Shape of Both Moving Objects and Static Background Observed by a Moving Camera (2007)

We present a novel approach to inferring 3D volumetric shape of both moving objects and static background from video sequences shot by a moving camera, with the assumption that the objects move rigidly on a ground plane. The 3D scene is divided into a set of volume elements, termed as voxels, organized in an adaptive octree structure. Each voxel is assigned a label at each time instant, either as empty, or belonging to background structure, or a moving object. The task of shape inference is then formulated as assigning each voxel a dynamic label which minimizes photo and motion variance between voxels and the original sequence. We propose a three-step voxel labeling method based on a robust photo-motion variance measure. First, a sparse set of surface points are utilized to initialize a subset of voxels. Then, a deterministic voxel coloring scheme carves away the voxels with large variance. Finally, the labeling results are refined by a graph cuts based optimization method to enforce global smoothness. Experimental results on both indoor and outdoor sequences demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our method.
Exposure to incivility hinders clinical performance in a simulated operative crisis (2019)

Although self-assessment scores were similar, incivility had a negative impact on performance. Multiple areas were impacted including vigilance, diagnosis, communication and patient management even though participants were not aware of these effects. It is imperative that these behaviours be eliminated from operating room culture and that interpersonal communication in high-stress environments be incorporated into medical training.
Specificity of dopachrome tautomerase and inhibition by carboxylated indoles. Considerations on the enzyme active site (1991)

Dopachrome tautomerase (EC 5.3.2.3) catalyses the tautomerization of dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) within the melanin-formation pathway. We have analysed a series of substrate analogues and related compounds as possible substrates and inhibitors of tautomerization. The enzyme appears to be highly specific since D-dopachrome, alpha-methyldopachrome, dopaminochrome, adrenochrome methyl ether and deoxyadrenochrome are not substrates. Conversely, dopachrome tautomerase catalyses the tautomerization of dopachrome methyl ester, suggesting that a carboxy group, either free or as a methyl ester, is essential for enzyme recognition. No inhibition of dopachrome tautomerization was observed in the presence of either semiquinonic compounds, such as tropolone and L-mimosine, or pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and unsubstituted indole. However, a number of indole derivatives, including DHICA, the product of dopachrome tautomerization, and the analogues 5-hydroxyindole-2-carboxylic and indole-2-carboxylic acid were able to inhibit the enzyme. Furthermore, indoles with a side chain at position 3 of the ring and containing a carboxylic group at the gamma-position of this chain, such as L-tryptophan or indole-3-propionic acid, are stronger inhibitors of the enzyme. Indole-3-carboxylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid are very weak inhibitors, showing that the carboxylic group needs to be located at an optimal distance from the indole ring to mimic the carboxylic group at position 2 on the authentic substrate.
Tolerogenic Semimature Dendritic Cells Suppress Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis by Activation of Thyroglobulin-Specific CD4+CD25+ T Cells (2005)

Ex vivo treatment of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) with TNF-alpha has been previously shown to induce partial maturation of DCs that are able to suppress autoimmunity. In this study, we demonstrate that i.v. administration of TNF-alpha-treated, semimature DCs pulsed with thyrogloblin (Tg), but not with OVA Ag, inhibits the subsequent development of Tg-induced experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) in CBA/J mice. This protocol activates CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in vivo, which secrete IL-10 upon specific recognition of Tg in vitro and express regulatory T cell (Treg)-associated markers such as glucocorticoid-induced TNFR, CTLA-4, and Foxp3. These CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells suppressed the proliferation and cytokine release of Tg-specific, CD4(+)CD25(-) effector cells in vitro, in an IL-10-independent, cell contact-dependent manner. Prior adoptive transfer of the same CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells into CBA/J hosts suppressed Tg-induced EAT. These results demonstrate that the tolerogenic potential of Tg-pulsed, semimature DCs in EAT is likely to be mediated through the selective activation of Tg-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells and provide new insights for the study of Ag-specific immunoregulation of autoimmune diseases.
Role of mycobacterium w as adjuvant treatment of lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer). (2003)

Mycobacterium w (immuvac), a new potent immunomodulator was evaluated as an adjuvant therapy in the management of non-small cell lung cancer in a controlled clinical trial. The standard therapy employed was combination chemotherapy in the form of cisplatin and etoposide along with radiotherapy. The group receiving mycobacterium w tolerated the chemotherapy and radiotherapy well and completed it as planned, in contrast to premature stoppage of radiotherapy in 50% of patients in the control group. Improvement in quality of life as measured by Karnofsky performance status was significantly better in patients receiving mycobacterium w. Similarly, effect on lung cancer was also significant with two-third showing regression in tumour size in mycobacterium w group. These also get reflected in improvement in the lung function.
An introduction to local area networks (1978)

Within a restricted area such as a single building, or a small cluster of buildings, high-speed (greater than 1 Mbit/s) data transmission is available at a small fraction of the cost of obtaining comparable longhaul service from a tariffed common carrier. Local area networks use this low-east, high-speed transmission capabality as the basis for a general-purpose data transfer network. There are two basic issues in local area network design. First, how should the hardware realizing the network be organized to provide reliable high-speed communication at minimum cost? With the low cost of the raw transmission capability, care is required to keep the associated hardware costs correspondingly low. Second, what protocols should be used for the operation of the network? While many protocol problems are common to local area networks and long-haul networks such as the ARPANET, new protocols are required to exploit the extended capabilities of local area networks. This paper addresses these two basic issues. It also considers the interconnection of local area networks and long-haul networks and presents a case study which describes in detail the host computer interface hard-ware required for a typical local area network.
Sox proteins in melanocyte development and melanoma (2010)

Over 10 years have passed since the first Sox gene was implicated in melanocyte development. Since then, we have discovered that SOX5, SOX9, SOX10 and SOX18 all participate as transcription factors that affect key melanocytic genes in both regulatory and modulatory fashions. Both SOX9 and SOX10 play major roles in the establishment and normal function of the melanocyte; SOX10 has been shown to heavily influence melanocyte development and SOX9 has been implicated in melanogenesis in the adult. Despite these advances, the precise cellular and molecular details of how these SOX proteins are regulated and interact during all stages of the melanocyte life cycle remain unknown. Improper regulation of SOX9 or SOX10 is also associated with cancerous transformation, and thus understanding the normal function of SOX proteins in the melanocyte will be key to revealing how these proteins contribute to melanoma.
[Acute myeloid leukemia]. (2007)

The heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been established by many new insights from molecular biological studies. In AML with favorable cytogenetic changes, KIT gene mutation has been known as a worse prognostic marker. Even in AML with normal cytogenetics, numerous molecular genetic alterations have been identified including internal tandem duplication of the FLT3 gene (FLT3-ITD), mutations in the NPM1 gene, mutations in the CEBPA gene, and partial tandem duplication of the MLL gene. Of these, FLT3-ITD has the most important prognostic implication. Insights into the molecular pathogenesis of AML have led to the development of more specific targeted agents. Currently, a number of agents have been explored in AML, including immunoconjugate of anti-CD33 antibody and cytotoxic agent (gemtuzumab ozogamicin: GO), tyrosine kinase inhibitors and farnesyl transferase inhibitor. These agents have shown promise in small studies. Large phase III studies will reveal whether these are effective in inducing complete remission and prolonging survival. Combining targeted agents with each other or with chemotherapy may improve the response rates. GO is the most promising drug, which has been evaluated in randomized trials by several major cooperative groups to determine whether the addition of GO improves the complete remission rate and overall survival. In the near future AML may be classified and treated by their molecular biological alterations.
Relaxation Therapy in the Acute General Hospital Setting (1986)

The literature pertaining to relaxation therapy usage in the acute general hospital setting was examined. It was found that relaxation training is being used with several patient groups. However, at this stage, studies are only available which show it to be effective with the chronic headache patient group. There exists a need for controlled evaluations to be performed to determine the efficacy of relaxation therapy used with different diagnostic groups. Such evaluations should consider short term versus long term results, and the types of relaxation training methods used.
Construction and characterization of a humanized anti-γ-Ig receptor type I (Fc γ RI) monoclonal antibody (1995)

The murine mAb 22 (M22) binds to the human high affinity receptor for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc gamma RI). This mAb recognizes an epitope on Fc gamma RI that is distinct from the natural ligand (Fc) binding site, and, therefore, can bind to Fc gamma RI in the presence of saturating levels of IgG found in vivo. Fc gamma RI is expressed only on cytotoxic effector cells and it acts as an efficient mediator (trigger molecule) of effector functions. Directing tumor cells or other pathogens to Fc gamma RI utilizing M22 conjugated to an anti-tumor- or to an anti-pathogen-specific mAb may represent an effective method to enhance their removal and destruction under physiologic conditions. Humanization of M22 may improve the therapeutic potential of the mAb since murine mAbs normally elicit a human anti-mouse Ab response. In this report we describe the humanization of M22 by CDR-grafting onto human V region frameworks based on KOL VH and REI V kappa attached to human IgG1 and kappa constant domains. This humanized mAb, H22, displays equivalent binding specificity and affinity as its murine counterpart. In addition, H22 is able to trigger superoxide release from Fc gamma RI-bearing cells, a finding that demonstrates that H22 triggers Fc gamma RI functions. The successful humanization of mAb 22 is an important step in the development of Fc gamma RI-directed immunotherapy.
Neutrophil-mediated innate immune resistance to mycobacteria (2007)

Neutrophils contain antimicrobial peptides with antituberculous activity, but their contribution to immune resistance to tuberculosis (TB) infection has not been previously investigated to our knowledge. We determined differential white cell counts in peripheral blood of 189 adults who had come into contact with patients diagnosed with active TB in London, United Kingdom, and evaluated them for evidence of TB infection and capacity to restrict mycobacterial growth in whole-blood assays. Risk of TB infection was inversely and independently associated with peripheral blood neutrophil count in contacts of patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB. The ability of whole blood to restrict growth of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette Guérin and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was impaired 7.3- and 3.1-fold, respectively, by neutrophil depletion. In microbiological media, human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) 1-3 killed M. tuberculosis. The neutrophil peptides cathelicidin LL-37 and lipocalin 2 restricted growth of the organism, the latter in an iron-dependent manner. Black African participants had lower neutrophil counts and lower circulating concentrations of HNP1-3 and lipocalin 2 than south Asian and white participants. Neutrophils contribute substantially to innate resistance to TB infection, an activity associated with their antimicrobial peptides. Elucidation of the regulation of neutrophil antimicrobial peptides could facilitate prevention and treatment of TB.
Mold-assisted nanolithography: A process for reliable pattern replication (1996)

A process for reproducibly and reliably realizing thin-layer patterning having details with dimensions of 100 nm or even less is described. This process has been called mold lithography. It is a two-step process: First, a photopolymerization-replication step is carried out, after which pattern transfer is realized through, e.g., wet or dry etching into the substrate material. We performed a number of elementary experiments to evaluate this process. Processing conditions are given and the obtained results are discussed. The strengths of this process are its simplicity and low cost while maintaining compatibility with (standard) semiconductor-technology processing.
Adoptive T cell therapy: Addressing challenges in cancer immunotherapy (2005)

Adoptive T cell therapy involves the ex vivo selection and expansion of effector cells for the treatment of patients with cancer. In this review, the advantages and limitations of using antigen-specific T cells are discussed in counterpoint to vaccine strategies. Although vaccination strategies represent more readily available reagents, adoptive T cell therapy provides highly selected T cells of defined phenotype, specificity and function that may influence their biological behavior in vivo. Adoptive T cell therapy offers not only translational opportunities but also a means to address fundamental issues in the evolving field of cancer immunotherapy.