gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Skin and Aging Processes (1984)

Journal Article Skin and Aging Processes Get access Skin and Aging Processes, by B. A. Gilchrest. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1984, 120 pp., $64.00 (hardcover). Journal of Gerontology, Volume 39, Issue 4, July 1984, Page 504, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/39.4.504a Published: 01 July 1984
Combining multiple knowledge bases (1991)

Combining knowledge present in multiple knowledge base systems into a single knowledge base is discussed. A knowledge based system can be considered an extension of a deductive database in that it permits function symbols as part of the theory. Alternative knowledge bases that deal with the same subject matter are considered. The authors define the concept of combining knowledge present in a set of knowledge bases and present algorithms to maximally combine them so that the combination is consistent with respect to the integrity constraints associated with the knowledge bases. For this, the authors define the concept of maximality and prove that the algorithms presented combine the knowledge bases to generate a maximal theory. The authors also discuss the relationships between combining multiple knowledge bases and the view update problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Controlled-Release Delivery Systems for Pesticides (2023)

Microcapsules: selection of coating and microencapsulation processes microencapsulation of solid particles application and particle design of insecticide microcapsules. Microparticles: controlled-release of pesticides from microparticles dispersible microparticles. Granule: controlled-release pesticide formulations from cornstarch formulation of microbial pesticides controlled-release granules, with emphasis on lignin-based methods. Devices: long-term controlled-release pesticide devices temperature-triggered permeability of capsules and seed coatings controlled delivery of pesticides through synthetic biodegradable polymer compositions controlled-release devices for pheromones.
RhoB Mediates Phosphoantigen Recognition by Vγ9Vδ2 T Cell Receptor (2016)

Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells respond to tumor cells by sensing elevated levels of phosphorylated intermediates of the dysregulated mevalonate pathway, which is translated into activating signals by the ubiquitously expressed butyrophilin A1 (BTN3A1) through yet unknown mechanisms. Here, we developed an unbiased, genome-wide screening method that identified RhoB as a critical mediator of Vγ9Vδ2 TCR activation in tumor cells. Our results show that Vγ9Vδ2 TCR activation is modulated by the GTPase activity of RhoB and its redistribution to BTN3A1. This is associated with cytoskeletal changes that directly stabilize BTN3A1 in the membrane, and the subsequent dissociation of RhoB from BTN3A1. Furthermore, phosphoantigen accumulation induces a conformational change in BTN3A1, rendering its extracellular domains recognizable by Vγ9Vδ2 TCRs. These complementary events provide further evidence for inside-out signaling as an essential step in the recognition of tumor cells by a Vγ9Vδ2 TCR.
A Four-DOF Laparo-Endoscopic Single Site Platform for Rapidly-Developing Next-Generation Surgical Robotics (2016)

Minimally-invasive laparoscopic procedures have proven efficacy for a wide range of surgical procedures, but have notable shortcomings, including limited instrument motion and reduced dexterity. Endoscopic robots, like the intuitive surgical da Vinci system, have become an effective tool for many types of surgeries; however, these tools still have fundamental limitations with manipulator access, which reduces their effectiveness for many surgical procedures, like colectomy, cholecystectomy, and gynecologic oncology. Laparo-endoscopic single-site (LESS) robots operate in vivo, and overcome many of these limitations. Here, a four-degrees of freedom (DOF) surgical robot is presented as a tool to enable refinement of the LESS platform as a surgical tool, while also looking forward to applications in telesurgery and haptic feedback.
C-Glycosides. 9. Stereospecific synthesis of C-glycosidic spiroketal of the papulacandins (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTC-Glycosides. 9. Stereospecific synthesis of C-glycosidic spiroketal of the papulacandinsStanislas Czernecki and Marie Claude PerlatCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 22, 6289–6292Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00022a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00022a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Wnt/β-catenin signaling suppresses expressions of Scx, Mkx, and Tnmd in tendon-derived cells (2017)

After tendon injuries, biomechanical properties of the injured tendon are not fully recovered in most cases. Modulation of signaling pathways, which are involved in tendon development and tendon repair, is one of attractive modalities to facilitate proper regeneration of the injured tendon. The roles of TGF-β signaling in tendon homeostasis and tendon development have been elucidated. In contrast, the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in tendon remain mostly elusive. We found that the number of β-catenin-positive cells was increased at the injured site, suggesting involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in tendon healing. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling suppressed expressions of tenogenic genes of Scx, Mkx, and Tnmd in rat tendon-derived cells (TDCs) isolated from the Achilles tendons of 6-week old rats. Additionally, activation of Wnt/β-catenin reduced the amounts of Smad2 and Smad3, which are intracellular mediators for TGF-β signaling, and antagonized upregulation of Scx induced by TGF-β signaling in TDCs. We found that Wnt/β-catenin decreased Mkx and Tnmd expressions without suppressing Scx expression in Scx-programmed tendon progenitors. Our studies suggest that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a repressor for tenogenic gene expressions.
Environmentally-Responsive, Entirely Hydrophilic, Shell Cross-linked (SCK) Nanoparticles (2001)

Precise tuning of the chemical composition of shell cross-linked (SCK) nanoparticles provides systematic control over their environmental interactions, as is demonstrated by regioselective modification of the internal and external chemistries. Hydrolysis of the poly(methyl acrylate) core domain of SCKs composed of poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) shell layers produced entirely hydrophilic, pH responsive nanocage-like structures presenting poly(acrylic acid) chains from the inner cage surface. Two-dimensional, colloidally crystallized nanoarrays of the SCKs and nanocages when sorbed at solid substrate surfaces in the presence of water were substrate dependent and pH tunable.
Experimental comparison of programming mechanisms in 1T-DRAM cells with variable channel length (2010)

The bulk DRAM scaling requirements have lead to many different concepts of capacitor-less single-transistor (1T) DRAM. Amongst the various effects used to program the cell, this study is focused on the Impact Ionization (II), the most common mechanism to store charges in the body of the cell, and the Meta-Stable Dip (MSD) effect. Dynamic measurements are presented showing the impact of the gate length reduction on both the II and the MSD programming mechanisms. It is found that MSD is less impacted by the scaling of standard SOI MOSFETs without specific optimization. Those attractive performances result from the dynamic coupling between the front and back gates in Fully Depleted SOI (FDSOI) transistors.
Multidimensional hydrodynamic plasma-wall model for collisional plasma discharges with and without magnetic-field effects (2005)

A numerical model for two-species plasma involving electrons and ions at pressure of 0.1 torr is presented here. The plasma-wall problem is modeled using one- and two-dimensional hydrodynamic equations coupled with Poisson equation. The model utilizes a finite-element algorithm to overcome the stiffness of the resulting plasma-wall equations. The one-dimensional result gives insight into the discharge characteristics including net charge density, electric field, and temporal space-charge sheath evolution. In two dimensions, the plasma formation over a flat plate is investigated for three different cases. The numerical algorithm is first benchmarked with published literature for plasma formed between symmetric electrodes in nitrogen gas. The characteristics of plasma are then analyzed for an infinitesimally thin electrode under dc and rf potentials in the presence of applied magnetic field using argon as a working gas. The magnetic field distorts the streamwise distribution because of a large y-momentum V×B coupling. Finally, the shape effects of the insulator-conductor edge for an electrode with finite thickness have been compared using a 90° shoulder and a 45° chamfer. The 90° chamfer displays a stronger body force created due to plasma in the downward and forward directions.
Retrospective correction of motion‐affected MR images using deep learning frameworks (2019)

Deep learning-based retrospective restoration of motion artifacts is feasible resulting in near-realistic motion-free images. However, the image translation task can alter or hide anatomical features and, therefore, the clinical applicability of this technique has to be evaluated in future studies.
Micro Anion Exchange Chromatography of Carbohydrate‐Deficient Transferrin in Serum in Relation to Alcohol Consumption (Swedish Patent8400587–5) (1986)

A new simplified and rapid method for detection and quantitation of "carbohydrate-deficient transferrin" in serum is described. The method is based on isocratic anion exchange chromatography of isotransferrins in disposable microcolumns followed by a double antibody transferrin radioimmune assay. This technique, which separates all transferrin components isoelectric above pH 5.65, showed a very good reproducibility and accuracy with a coefficient of variation between 5 and 9%. 77 alcoholic patients could be clearly separated from 80 healthy "normal consumers" and 33 total abstainers with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 91%. The values were significantly correlated to the amount of alcohol consumed during the latest month, and declined in abstaining alcoholics with a mean biological half-life of 17 days. Elevated levels occasionally appeared in healthy individuals after daily consumption of 60 g of ethanol during a 10-day period. In a sample of 187 patients with nonalcohol-related conditions only 2% false-positive values were found. This method is suggested as a potential tool for detecting and monitoring alcohol abuse.
Kinetics and reaction mechanisms: selected examples from the experience of forty years (1989)

Abstract
Modification of tau to an Alzheimer's type protein interferes with its interaction with microtubules. (1998)

The microtubule associated protein tau is the main structural component of paired helical filaments (PHFs), aberrant polymers found intracellularly in neurons of brains with the Alzheimer's disease. Glycation is one of the posttranslational modifications that has been found in tau from PHFs, but not in normal brain tau. Studies were carried out with purified tau protein subjected to chemical modifications, in order to further investigate the mechanisms of tau self-association into PHFs. Tau was subjected to modifications affecting reactive lysyl residues, e.g., carbamoylation with potassium cyanate and glycation reaction with glucose. The effects of these modifications to produce functional alterations in tau capacity to bind brain tubulin and to induce microtubule assembly were investigated. Chemically-modified tau and tau of Alzheimer's type exhibited a similar microtubule interaction behavior as analysed by overlay assays, but those were different than normal tau controls. On the other hand, studies of the microtubule assembly kinetics indicated that the reported tau modifications resulted in a loss of its capacity to promote microtubule assembly from purified tubulin preparations. The data on the differences in the electrophoretic profiles, Western blots and the overlay patterns, along with those on the microtubule polymerisation of normal brain tau as compared with both modified and Alzheimer's tau, suggest changes in the functional behavior of this protein as a result of its structural modifications. These studies were complemented with an immunogold analysis at the electron microscope level, which indicated that the modified tau did not incorporate into assembled microtubules. These findings, combined with the results on tau chemical modifications suggest that the reactive lysine residues within functional domains on tau, e.g., those of the repetitive binding motifs, were affected by these modifications. Furthermore, these observations provide new clues to understand the anomalous interactions of tau in Alzheimer's disease.
Efficient Global 2D-3D Matching for Camera Localization in a Large-Scale 3D Map (2017)

Given an image of a street scene in a city, this paper develops a new method that can quickly and precisely pinpoint at which location (as well as viewing direction) the image was taken, against a pre-stored large-scale 3D point-cloud map of the city. We adopt the recently developed 2D-3D direct feature matching framework for this task [23,31,32,42-44]. This is a challenging task especially for large-scale problems. As the map size grows bigger, many 3D points in the wider geographical area can be visually very similar-or even identical-causing severe ambiguities in 2D-3D feature matching. The key is to quickly and unambiguously find the correct matches between a query image and the large 3D map. Existing methods solve this problem mainly via comparing individual features' visual similarities in a local and per feature manner, thus only local solutions can be found, inadequate for large-scale applications. In this paper, we introduce a global method which harnesses global contextual information exhibited both within the query image and among all the 3D points in the map. This is achieved by a novel global ranking algorithm, applied to a Markov network built upon the 3D map, which takes account of not only visual similarities between individual 2D-3D matches, but also their global compatibilities (as measured by co-visibility) among all matching pairs found in the scene. Tests on standard benchmark datasets show that our method achieved both higher precision and comparable recall, compared with the state-of-the-art.
The Dependence of Ring‐Like Distributed Stacking Faults on the Axial Temperature Gradient of Growing Czochralski Silicon Crystals (1996)

The ring diameter of ring‐like distributed oxidation induced stacking faults (OSF) in Czochralski grown silicon crystals has been investigated as a function of pull rate and the calculated axial temperature gradient G at the solid/liquid interface of the growing crystals. It is shown that the radial position of the OSF ring can be predicted from the empirically found equation , where r is the radial distance from the center of the crystal. This equation is only in accordance with experimental results, if G(r) is calculated directly at the growth interface. As G(r) is strongly dependent on the axial distance from the growth interface, it is concluded that the radial location of the OSF ring is predominantly determined by point‐defect processes in the close vicinity of the growth interface of the growing crystal. It is shown that the presently known theoretical approaches to explain the radial OSF ring variation are probably not consistent with the above results.
MARRUBIIN.1 (1908)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMARRUBIIN.1H. M. GordinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1908, 30, 2, 265–271Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1908Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1908https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01944a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01944a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Candidates of Helicobacter pylori by Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis, Sequence Analysis, and Serum Profiling (1998)

There is great interest in characterizing the proteins of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori, especially those to which humans respond immunologically, because of the potential importance of such proteins in diagnosis and vaccine development. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to separate and identify potential antigens of H. pylori ATCC 43504. Over 30 proteins were reactive in Western blots with pooled sera from 14 infected patients. These proteins were analyzed by N-terminal sequence analysis. Fourteen proteins were determined to be distinct from any proteins previously described from H. pylori; the others were previously isolated and characterized proteins. Analysis of eight distinct H. pylori strains showed that most of these antigens were produced by all of the strains. We propose that collection of new antigens such as those recognized here will be useful in serologic tests for detecting and monitoring H. pylori infection and may also serve as potential targets for antimicrobial agent or vaccine development.
The Roles of MHC Class II, CD40, and B7 Costimulation in CTL Induction by Plasmid DNA (2001)

DNA-based vaccines generate potent CTL responses. The mechanism of T cell stimulation has been attributed to plasmid-transfected dendritic cells. These cells have also been shown to express plasmid-encoded proteins and to become activated by surface marker up-regulation. However, the increased surface expression of CD40 and B7 on these dendritic cells is insufficient to overcome the need for MHC class II-restricted CD4(+) T cell help in the priming of a CTL response. In this study, MHC class II(-/-) mice were unable to generate a CTL response following DNA immunization. This deficit in CTL stimulation by MHC class II-deficient mice was only modestly restored with CD40-activating Ab, suggesting that there were other elements provided by MHC class II-restricted T cell help for CTL induction. CTL activity was also augmented by coinjection with a vector encoding the costimulatory ligand B7.1, but not B7.2. These data indicate that dendritic cells in plasmid DNA-injected mice require conditioning signals from MHC class II-restricted T cells that are both CD40 dependent and independent and that there are different roles for costimulatory molecules that may be involved in inducing optimal CTL activity.
Chemotactic response of monocytes to thrombin. (1983)

Human alpha-thrombin, the procoagulant activation product of prothrombin, elicits chemotaxis in human peripheral blood monocytes and several macrophagelike continuous cell lines, most notably J-774.2, but not in human peripheral blood granulocytes. alpha-Thrombin is effective in stimulating cell movement at concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-6) M but is optimally active at 10(-8) M. At the latter concentration, the degree of response is equivalent, on a molar basis, to that observed with the peptide formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine, (FMP). In contrast to thrombin, prothrombin produces a minimal chemotactic response in monocytes and J-774.2. Blockade of alpha-thrombin's active center with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DIP-F) or tryptic proteolysis of the procoagulant exosite (i.e., gamma-thrombin) fails to alter chemotactic activity. On the other hand, addition of equimolar amounts of antithrombin III (AT3) to alpha-thrombin reduces thrombin-mediated chemotaxis by 60%, and increased ratios of AT3 to enzyme completely suppress chemotaxis. We conclude that thrombin is a potent monocyte chemotaxin and that the domains in thrombin involved in stimulating cell movement are distinct from the catalytic site and the fibrin recognition exosite. These chemotactic domains appear to be sequestered in prothrombin and in the thrombin-AT3 complex and, as such, are unavailable to the chemotactic receptor on the monocyte cell membrane.
Identification of Soybean Allergens by Immunoblotting with Sera from Soy-Allergic Adults (1990)

Immunoblots were used to compare the IgE-binding proteins of various soybean products using sera from 7 soybean-allergic patients. Blotting results indicate at least two distinct individualistic patterns of IgE binding to soy proteins. Serum IgE from individuals allergic to both peanuts and soybeans binds to several proteins with molecular weights ranging from 50,000 to 60,000 daltons, while IgE from individuals allergic to soybeans, but not peanuts, binds strongly to a protein(s) with a molecular weight of 20,000 daltons. The soy products tested displayed varying amounts of IgE binding with sera from sensitive patients.
From the RNA world to the clinic (2016)

The study of RNA has continually emphasized the structural and functional versatility of RNA molecules. This versatility has inspired translational and clinical researchers to explore the utility of RNA-based therapeutic agents for a wide variety of medical applications. Several RNA therapeutics, with diverse modes of action, are being evaluated in large late-stage clinical trials, and many more are in early clinical development. Hundreds of patients are enrolled in large trials testing messenger RNAs to combat cancer, small interfering RNAs to treat renal and hepatic disorders, and aptamers to combat ocular and cardiovascular disease. Results from these studies are generating considerable interest among the biomedical community and the public and will be important for the future development of this emerging class of therapeutic agents.