gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Hour-Glass ou le personnage en quête de son identité (1992)

Le tohu-bohu des valeurs est annoncé par les Élèves. La juxtaposition de « wise » et de « nonsense » fait éclater la confusion de la sagesse et de la folie. Les rôles s'inversent, se confondent comme le sable qui s'écoule d'un récipient à l'autre du sablier. Dans la mise en scène de Craig, le décor était composé de contraires - lumière et ombre, cercle et carré. Le sablier qui rappelle la nature temporelle de l'action évoque ces deux triangles opposés par un sommet que Yeats reprendra dans Une Vision et à l'intérieur desquels évoluent les spirales que décrit la personnalité humaine. Il structure la pièce. Au centre, l'Ange déclenche l'écoulement du sable, annonçant le passage de la vie à la mort, du rêve à la réalité, de la raison à la foi. La pièce se complique d'un jeu de miroirs et de reflets qui expliquent ces regards qui parcourent le texte. Lumière, ténèbres, vue et cécité forment un réseau que complètent les oiseaux. Dans le sablier métaphorique, se joue l'ironie dramatique. Les deux personnages du Sage et du Fou sont les deux parties d'une même personnalité. Quant à l'Ange, son apparition est suscitée par les rêves du Sage. Tout se passe dans l'esprit du Sage qui en mourant accède à son identité.
Mitomycin C Test for Diagnostic Differentiation of Idiopathic Aplastic Anemia and Fanconi Anemia (1981)

A cytogenetic test was developed to enable the diagnostic differentiation between Fanconi anemia and the group of disorders classified as "idiopathic" aplastic anemia. The method is based on the effect of the bifunctional alkylating agent mitomycin C (MMC) on chromosomes of peripheral lymphocytes in culture 92 to 96 hours. At the highest concentration of 80 ng/ml of MMC, about a 50-fold increase of chromosomal breaks and a 200-fold increase of radial figures was observed in Fanconi anemia lymphocytes in comparison with the average values for aplastic anemia cells or cells of healthy control subjects. In addition, sister chromatoid exchange analysis of cells treated with MMC demonstrated a marked inhibition of mitotic activity of lymphocytes of patients with increased sensitivity to MMC. It is advocated that the MMC-stress test should be used in each case of pancytopenia, as part of the therapy planning. The cytoreduction regimens used prior to bone marrow transplantation may produce lethal complications in patients with high clastogenic response to MMC.
The absence of an effect of food on the bioavailability of azithromycin administered as tablets, sachet or suspension (1996)

Present product labelling indicates that azithromycin capsules should not be taken with food. However, three recent studies demonstrated that food does not significantly decrease the bioavilabilities of three new formulations of azithromycin (250 mg tablets, 1000 mg sachet, 500 mg paediatric suspension). With a 500 mg dosage, the mean relative bioavailability of azithromycin following ingestion of a standard high-fat breakfast was 96% when administered as two 250 mg tablets and 113% when administered as a suspension. The mean relative bioavailability of a 1000 mg sachet was 112%. The absolute bioavailability of the sachet formulation, relative to a 1 h iv infusion of 1000 mg, was 44%. Thus, azithromycin tablets, suspension and sachet may be given without regard to meals, further enhancing the convenience of once-daily, short-duration dosing regimens.
Endobronchial Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2003)

Endobronchial metastasis (EBM) secondary to extrathoracic malignancies is rare among the various modes of pulmonary metastases. Of the many types of extrathoracic tumors capable of EBM, only one case of EBM from hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported, but radiologic findings were not described. We present the radiologic findings of surgically proven EBM in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. A chest radiograph revealed a tubular mass-like opacity in the right suprahilar region combined with mild volume decrease of the right upper lobe. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy had erroneously led to a diagnosis of endobronchial aspergilloma. The metastatic lesion was manifested as a branching pattern of enhanced endobronchial mass at the anterior segment of the right upper lobe on computed tomography.
Microbe-surface interactions in biofouling and biocorrosion processes. (2005)

The presence of microorganisms on material surfaces can have a profound effect on materials performance. Surface-associated microbial growth, i.e. a biofilm, is known to instigate biofouling. The presence of biofilms may promote interfacial physico-chemical reactions that are not favored under abiotic conditions. In the case of metallic materials, undesirable changes in material properties due to a biofilm (or a biofouling layer) are referred to as biocorrosion or microbially influenced corrosion (MIC). Biofouling and biocorrosion occur in aquatic and terrestrial habitats varying in nutrient content, temperature, pressure and pH. Interfacial chemistry in such systems reflects a wide variety of physiological activities carried out by diverse microbial populations thriving within biofilms. Biocorrosion can be viewed as a consequence of coupled biological and abiotic electron-transfer reactions, i.e. redox reactions of metals, enabled by microbial ecology. Microbially produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which comprise different macromolecules, mediate initial cell adhesion to the material surface and constitute a biofilm matrix. Despite their unquestionable importance in biofilm development, the extent to which EPS contribute to biocorrosion is not well-understood. This review offers a current perspective on material/microbe interactions pertinent to biocorrosion and biofouling, with EPS as a focal point, while emphasizing the role atomic force spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques can play in elucidating such interactions.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug susceptibility during zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy compared with AZT plus 2',3'-dideoxyinosine or AZT plus 2',3'-dideoxycytidine combination therapy. The protocol 34,225-02 Collaborative Group (1996)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates obtained prior to and during a combination therapy trial comparing zidovudine (AZT; 3'-azidothymidine) monotherapy with AZT plus 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) or AZT plus 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) were assessed for the development of drug resistance. Drug susceptibility was measured by using two different phenotypic assays, one that requires infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with HIV-1 isolated from cocultures and a second based on infection of HeLa CD4+ cells with recombinant virus containing the reverse transcriptase (RT) of the clinical isolate. In addition, genotypic assessment of resistance was obtained by DNA sequencing of the RT coding region. No difference in the development of AZT resistance was noted in isolates from individuals receiving AZT monotherapy or combination therapy. However, a low frequency of ddI or ddC resistance was seen in isolates from the combination arms, which may at least partially explain the enhanced efficacy observed with these drug combinations compared with monotherapy. It was noted from DNA sequencing that a relatively high frequency of the nonnucleoside RT inhibitor resistance mutation, codon 181 changed from encoding Tyr to encoding Cys, was present in some isolates both before and during nucleoside analog combination therapy. Since these patients were unlikely to have access to nonnucleoside RT inhibitors, it is probable that this mutation preexisted at a reasonable level in the wild-type virus population. Comparisons of the AZT susceptibility assays indicated a good correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic determinations. However, direct numerical comparisons between the phenotypic assays were not reliable, suggesting that valid comparisons of different resistance data sets will require the use of the same assay procedure.
The Concept of Influence and Its Use in Structuring Complex Decision Problems (1979)

Abstract : Decision analysis combines the decision maker's uncertainty about problem variables, his structure relating the decisions and outcomes, and his preferences over outcomes to obtain a logically consistent decision. Structuring of the decision problem is part of the foundation of decision analysis. The primary function of the decision analyst is to capture the relationships among the many variables in a decision problem, a process called structuring. The purpose of this research is to improve the decision analysis structuring methodology. There must be a decision analysis theoretical foundation for the methodology, so that the resulting structure conduces to a solution of the decision problem. At the same time, it is required that the methodology be useful for communicating the relationships in a complex decision problem. The author discusses these two requirements and reviews previous research related to each. Keywords: Mathematical models; Matrices(Mathematics); Quadratic functions; Approximation(Mathematics); Discretization.
Nicotine, Body Weight and Potential Implications in the Treatment of Obesity (2003)

Obesity is an epidemic problem in the U. S. and many other industrialized nations. Historically, the drugs used for the treatment of obesity generally targeted small molecule neurotransmitters. As research grows to decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms behind energy homeostasis, it is becoming evident that the modulating effects of neuropeptides also are critical in the regulation of appetite and metabolism. The search for drugs to modify these monoaminergic and peptidergic pathways may eventually prove successful in the treatment of obesity. While tobacco smoking has long been used as one strategy to maintain a lower body weight, especially in female smokers, its adverse associations with addiction and disease overshadow its potential use as an antiobesity agent. Potential pharmacological effects of nicotine could be better understood as the intricacies of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor are revealed. The objective of this review is threefold: first is to provide an overview of the physiological effects of nicotine on body weight while focusing on the drugs that are available as antiobesity and smoking cessation agents. Second is to provide the present status of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as it relates to energy homeostasis and its potential as an effective treatment modality for obesity. Third is to present the current knowledge with respect to nicotine's effects on energy homeostatic and reward related pathways at the molecular level. A better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying the pharmacological effects of nicotine on body weight will provide insights in identification of potential targets for the development of appropriate medicines in the treatment of obesity.
The Role of Local Drug Delivery in the Management of Periodontal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review (1998)

This review article evaluates the role of local drug delivery systems in the management of periodontal diseases. The efficacy of several local delivery devices (i.e., tetracycline fibers, metronidazole and minocycline gels, chlorhexidine chips, and doxycycline polymer) which are either commercially available in the United States or abroad, or are currently under consideration for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval are discussed. The drug delivery systems are assessed with regard to their functional characteristics, effectiveness as a monotherapy, as compared to scaling and root planing, and ability to enhance conventional therapy. Furthermore, controversies associated with local delivery are addressed (e.g., induction of bacterial resistant strains, the efficacy of systemic versus local drug delivery, and whether local drug delivery should function as an alternative or as an adjunct to conventional treatment).
Electrode reduction kinetics of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrode reduction kinetics of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutionJ. Ryu, T. N. Andersen, and H. EyringCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1972, 76, 22, 3278–3286Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100666a029https://doi.org/10.1021/j100666a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views670Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Preoperative Renal Risk Stratification (1997)

The risk of ARF after cardiac surgery can be accurately quantified on the basis of readily available preoperative data. These findings may be used by physicians and surgeons to provide patients with improved risk estimates and to target high-risk subgroups for interventions aimed at reducing the risk and ameliorating the consequences of this serious complication.
Longitudinal effect of eteplirsen versus historical control on ambulation in D uchenne muscular dystrophy (2015)

Over 3 years of follow-up, eteplirsen-treated patients showed a slower rate of decline in ambulation assessed by 6MWT compared to untreated matched HC.
Measurement of cell‐bound complement activation products enhances diagnostic performance in systemic lupus erythematosus (2012)

An assay panel combining anti-dsDNA, ANA, anti-MCV, EC4d, and BC4d is sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of SLE.
Cocondensation of Organosilica Hybrid Shells on Nanoparticle Templates:  A Direct Synthetic Route to Functionalized Core−Shell Colloids (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTCocondensation of Organosilica Hybrid Shells on Nanoparticle Templates: A Direct Synthetic Route to Functionalized Core−Shell ColloidsSimon R. Hall, Sean A. Davis, and Stephen MannView Author Information School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K. Cite this: Langmuir 2000, 16, 3, 1454–1456Publication Date (Web):November 20, 1999Publication History Received12 July 1999Revised4 October 1999Published online20 November 1999Published inissue 1 February 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la9909143https://doi.org/10.1021/la9909143brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2431Altmetric-Citations140LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Colloids,Gold,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Silica Get e-Alerts
Prevention of parenteral nutrition‐associated liver disease in children (2002)

Abstract: Liver injury is associated with parenteral nutrition therapy. Severity of injury varies from minimal and transient increases in liver‐related blood tests to biliary cirrhosis and liver failure. Severe parenteral nutrition‐related liver disease is usually confined to patients who have undergone massive intestinal resection. In these patients, early sepsis appears to cause initial liver injury, and recurring sepsis and inflammation, local or systemic, may result in its perpetuation and progression. Liver disease associated with parenteral nutrition is not necessarily related either to duration of parenteral nutrition or to delayed intestinal feeding. However, treatment includes enteral nutrition to promote enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and management of inflammation and sepsis, including control of intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Restriction of intravenous lipid emulsions may be important. The clinical picture of advanced liver failure related to short bowel syndrome differs from liver failure with an anatomically normal gastrointestinal tract. In the former, hyperbilirubinemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and functional hypersplenism dominate the clinical picture, and severe ascites and esophageal variceal hemorrhage are unusual. Early referral of these patients for intestinal and/or liver transplantation may provide the best chance for long‐term survival.
Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma With Squamous Differentiation (2008)

A 75-year-old man presented with a pigmented, deeply infiltrating nodule in the right axilla manifesting as basal cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation at histopathologic examination. Despite 2 wide surgical resections involving lymphadenectomy with axillary vein substitution and systemic chemotherapy, a progressive metastatic spreading, both cutaneous and visceral, occurred in the following 2 years. Three successive sessions of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin sulfate were then performed on isolated skin metastases. The treatment was well tolerated and led to a rapid clinical and histologic regression of the treated lesions. Conclusion Electrochemotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated adjunct to the therapeutic options in metastatic basal cell carcinoma, characterized by an advantageous risk-benefit ratio and minimal downtime.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infection a Median of 18 Months before a Diagnostic Western Blot (1989)

There is a long and variable interval between virus acquisition and a diagnostic serum antibody response, perhaps due to the prolonged, persistent infection characteristic of the lentiviruses (family Retroviridae).
Identification of RNA Sequence Motifs Stimulating Sequence-Specific TLR8-Dependent Immune Responses (2008)

The TLRs 7, 8, and 9 stimulate innate immune responses upon recognizing pathogen nucleic acids. U-rich RNA sequences were recently discovered that stimulate human TLR7/8-mediated or murine TLR7-mediated immune effects. In this study we identified single-stranded RNA sequences containing defined sequence motifs that either preferentially activate human TLR8-mediated as opposed to TLR7- or TLR7/8-mediated immune responses. The identified TLR8 RNA motifs signal via TLR8 and fail to induce IFN-alpha from TLR7-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cells but induce the secretion of Th1-like and proinflammatory cytokines from TLR8-expressing immune cells such as monocytes or myeloid dendritic cells. In contrast, RNA sequences containing the TLR7/8 motif signal via TLR7 and TLR8 and stimulate cytokine secretion from both TLR7- and TLR8-positive immunocytes. The TLR8-specific RNA sequences are able to trigger cytokine responses from human and bovine but not from mouse, rat, and porcine immune cells, suggesting that these species lack the capability to respond properly to TLR8 RNA ligands. In summary, we describe two classes of single-stranded TLR7/8 and TLR8 RNA agonists with diverse target cell and species specificities and immune response profiles.
Photoinduced intersubband absorption in undoped multi-quantum-well structures (1989)

We report the first observation of strong intersubband (e1-e2) absorption by photogenerated excitons in GaAs/GaAlAs undoped, multi-quantum-well structures. The origin of the transition is verified by polarization measurements, temperature dependence, and comparison with photoluminescence data. Its oscillator strength is found to be approximately 25 times stronger than that measured for bare electrons in modulation-doped quantum wells. We attribute it to an excitonic enhancement.
MECHANISMS OF PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES MEDIATED INFLAMMATION IN THE SKIN DISEASE, ACNE VULGARIS (1981)

The interaction of Propionibacterium acnes and human host defense systems was studied in order to shed light on the mechanisms of inflammation in acne vulgaris. P. acnes cells were shown to activate the classical and alternative pathways of human complement in a dose-dependent manner. The ability of P. acnes strains to activate the classical pathway was proportional to the antibody titer of the serum source. Acne lesion contents also activated complement; and this activation was stimulated by the presence of anti-P. acnes antibodies in the serum. Complement activation by P. acnes cells resulted in the production of C5-derived neutrophil chemotactic activity. P. acnes' ability to activate the alternative pathway of complement was shown to be due to a cell wall carbohydrate which was sensitive to extraction with trichloracetic acid, formamide and periodate. The extracted carbohydrate was not capable of inducing C3-9 consumption, but would selectively deplete alternative pathway reactivity from human serum. P. acnes was also shown to produce a low molecular weight neutrophil chemotactic factor as a metabolic by-product. The production of chemotactic factor was decreased by growth of P. acnes in sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline, erythromycin and minocycline. Incubation of P. acnes, neutrophils and serum resulted in the release of lysosomal hydrolases without causing the death of the neutrophils. This release was found to be dependent on the presence of anti-P. acnes antibodies in the serum. The results are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of inflammatory acne vulgaris, therapy of acne vulgaris, activation of the alternative pathway of complement, and activation of macrophages.