gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptide YY inhibits meal-stimulated pancreatic and gastric secretion (1985)

Peptide YY was recently isolated from porcine intestine and shown to exhibit marked structural homology with pancreatic polypeptide, a potent inhibitor of pancreatic exocrine secretion. We have examined the effects of infused peptide YY on gastric and pancreatic secretion in four mongrel dogs with gastric and pancreatic fistulas. A 15% liver extract meal was instilled intragastrically, and normal saline or one of three doses of peptide YY (200, 400, and 800 pmol X kg-1 X h-1) was infused into a peripheral vein. All three doses of peptide YY significantly inhibited meal-stimulated pancreatic fluid and bicarbonate secretion, with the lowest dose inhibiting secretion by 44.5 +/- 3.5 and 53.6 +/- 8.5%, respectively. Pancreatic protein secretion and gastric acid secretion were significantly inhibited by the two highest doses. The 200, 400, and 800 pmol X kg-1 X h-1 doses of peptide YY were associated with increments in peripheral blood of 201 +/- 24, 357 +/- 50, and 971 +/- 139 pM, respectively. These values compared with mean increments of 86.3 +/- 8.5 pM after a meat meal and 403 +/- 63 pM after intestinally perfused oleic acid. The present studies demonstrate that peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion and suggest that peptide YY may be the gastric and pancreatic inhibitor in ileocolonic mucosa that is released by perfusion of the intestine with oleic acid.
The Integrin α9β1 Binds to a Novel Recognition Sequence (SVVYGLR) in the Thrombin-cleaved Amino-terminal Fragment of Osteopontin (1999)

The integrin alpha(9)beta(1) mediates cell adhesion to tenascin-C and VCAM-1 by binding to sequences distinct from the common integrin-recognition sequence, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD). A thrombin-cleaved NH(2)-terminal fragment of osteopontin containing the RGD sequence has recently been shown to also be a ligand for alpha(9)beta(1). In this report, we used site-directed mutagenesis and synthetic peptides to identify the alpha(9)beta(1) recognition sequence in osteopontin. alpha(9)-transfected SW480, Chinese hamster ovary, and L-cells adhered to a recombinant NH(2)-terminal osteopontin fragment in which the RGD site was mutated to RAA (nOPN-RAA). Adhesion was completely inhibited by anti-alpha(9) monoclonal antibody Y9A2, indicating the presence of a non-RGD alpha(9)beta(1) recognition sequence within this fragment. Alanine substitution mutagenesis of 13 additional conserved negatively charged amino acid residues in this fragment had no effect on alpha(9)beta(1)-mediated adhesion, but adhesion was dramatically inhibited by either alanine substitution or deletion of tyrosine 165. A synthetic peptide, SVVYGLR, corresponding to the sequence surrounding Tyr(165), blocked alpha(9)beta(1)-mediated adhesion to nOPN-RAA and exposed a ligand-binding-dependent epitope on the integrin beta(1) subunit on alpha(9)-transfected, but not on mock-transfected cells. These results demonstrate that the linear sequence SVVYGLR directly binds to alpha(9)beta(1) and is responsible for alpha(9)beta(1)-mediated cell adhesion to the NH(2)-terminal fragment of osteopontin.
Experience with a learning personal assistant (1994)

article Free AccessExperience with a learning personal assistant Authors: Tom M. Mitchell Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Rich Caruana Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Dayne Freitag Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , John McDermott Digital Equipment Corp., Marlboro, MA Digital Equipment Corp., Marlboro, MAView Profile , David Zabowski Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 7July 1994 pp 80–91https://doi.org/10.1145/176789.176798Published:01 July 1994Publication History 252citation1,610DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations252Total Downloads1,610Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
FOXP3 Up-regulates p21 Expression by Site-Specific Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 2/Histone Deacetylase 4 Association to the Locus (2009)

p21 loss has been implicated in conferring oncogenic activity to known tumor suppressor gene KLF4 and cancer drug tamoxifen. Regulators of p21, therefore, play critical roles in tumorigenesis. Here, we report that X-linked tumor suppressor FOXP3 is essential for p21 expression in normal epithelia and that lack of FOXP3 is associated with p21 down-regulation in breast cancer samples. A specific FOXP3 binding site in the intron 1 is essential for p21 induction by FOXP3. FOXP3 specifically inhibited binding of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and HDAC4 to the site and increased local histone H3 acetylation. Short hairpin RNA silencing of either HDAC2 or HDAC4 is sufficient to induce p21 expression. Our data provides a novel mechanism for transcription activation by FOXP3 and a genetic mechanism for lack of p21 in a large proportion of breast cancer.
G‐quadruplexes in RNA biology (2012)

G-quadruplexes are noncanonical structures formed by G-rich DNA and RNA sequences that fold into a four-stranded conformation. Experimental studies and computational predictions show that RNA G-quadruplexes are present in transcripts associated with telomeres, in noncoding sequences of primary transcripts and within mature transcripts. RNA G-quadruplexes at these specific locations play important roles in key cellular functions, including telomere homeostasis and gene expression. Indeed, RNA G-quadruplexes appear as important regulators of pre-mRNA processing (splicing and polyadenylation), RNA turnover, mRNA targeting and translation. The regulatory mechanisms controlled by RNA G-quadruplexes involve the binding of protein factors that modulate G-quadruplex conformation and/or serve as a bridge to recruit additional protein regulators. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of G-quadruplexes in RNA biology with particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms underlying their specific function in RNA metabolism occurring in physiological or pathological conditions.
Allosteric ribozymes sensitive to the second messengers cAMP and cGMP (1999)

We have engineered allosteric ribozymes by combining modular rational design with combinatorial strategies. This new procedure was used to create allosteric ribozymes that are activated by specific nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic monophosphates (cNMPs). A random-sequence domain was attached to stem II of hammerhead ribozymes via a communication module that serves as an interface between ribozyme and the effector binding site. Subjecting this initial random pool to in vitro selection methods produced populations that respond, or cleave, only in the presence of specific effector molecules. From generation 18, 20 and 23, cGMP, cCMP and cAMP-specific responsive ribozymes, respectively, were isolated and characterized. These methods show great promise for engineering allosteric ribozymes and for creating new ligand-specific aptamers.
Ets up-regulates MET transcription. (1996)

MET, a potentially harmful oncogene controlling invasive growth, is overexpressed in a significant percentage of human cancers. Since amplification of the MET gene occurs only in a fraction of these cases, we investigated the transcriptional mechanisms responsible for up-regulation of the promoter activity. The transcription driven by the 3.1 kbp DNA fragment containing the minimal promoter was studied by 5' progressive deletion analysis. The patterns of MET promoter activity suggest the presence of weak negative and positive elements in the region between 300 and 840 bp upstream to the transcription start site. The region encompassing the first 300 bp strongly up-regulates the promoter. This region contains four putative binding sites for members of the Ets transcription factor family, known to be involved in invasive growth. Transient co-expression of Ets1 resulted in a strong enhancement of the MET promoter activity. Increased expression of the Met protein was observed in cells stably transfected with ETS1. Double stranded oligonucleotides with Ets consensus sequence were used as a 'decoy' to inhibit binding to DNA native sites. They dramatically reduced the amount of Met protein in a human carcinoma cell line overexpressing the oncogene. Interestingly, Met activation induces transcription of ETS1 mRNA, showing that Ets proteins act both upstream and downstream to MET. These data indicate that members of the Ets family promote MET transcription and suggest their contribution to the invasive phenotype through overexpression of MET.
Down‐Regulation of Asparagine Synthetase Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Inhibits Cell Proliferation of Breast Cancer (2014)

Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is deemed to be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of several cancers, but its functional role in human breast cancer is still unknown. In this study, we employed RNA interference as an efficient tool to silence endogenous ASNS expression in breast cancer cell lines. The relationship between ASNS expression and breast cancer cell growth was investigated, and the therapeutic value of ASNS in breast cancer was further evaluated. Depletion of ASNS remarkably inhibited the proliferation and colony formation capacity of breast cancer cells and arrested cell cycle in the S phase. Our findings suggest that ASNS may contribute to breast cancer tumorigenesis and could be a potential therapeutic target in human breast cancer.
Chemical Etching of InGaAsP / InP DH Wafer (1982)

The chemical etching characteristics of double heterostructure (DH) wafers are studied through an mask in the solutions of various etchant systems: (i) , (ii) , (iii) , (iv) , and (v) . The etching profiles produced in the (001) surface planes are examined by cleaving the DH wafer in orthogonal directions along the (110) and (10) planes. The profiles obtained depend on the type of etchant, its component proportion, and etching conditions. Various etching profiles, such as ordinary mesa shaped, reverse mesa shaped, and vertical walls, are formed by stripes being etched in the (001) planes of the DH wafer. The utility of these etching solutions is also discussed for a variety of device applications.
A Conterminous United States Multilayer Soil Characteristics Dataset for Regional Climate and Hydrology Modeling (1998)

Soil information is now widely required by many climate and hydrology models and soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer schemes. This paper describes the development of a multilayer soil characteristics dataset for the conterminous United States (CONUS-SOIL) that specifically addresses the need for soil physical and hydraulic property information over large areas. The State Soil Geographic Database (STATSGO) developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture–Natural Resources Conservation Service served as the starting point for CONUS-SOIL. Geographic information system and Perl computer programming language tools were used to create map coverages of soil properties including soil texture and rock fragment classes, depth-to-bedrock, bulk density, porosity, rock fragment volume, particle-size (sand, silt, and clay) fractions, available water capacity, and hydrologic soil group. Interpolation procedures for the continuous and categorical variables describing these soil properties were developed and applied to the original STATSGO data. In addition to any interpolation errors, the CONUS-SOIL dataset reflects the limitations of the procedures used to generate detailed county-level soil survey data to the STATSGO map units. CONUS-SOIL is available in several formats and may be accessed via the World Wide Web.
Evidence for the Monolayer Assembly of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) on the Surfaces of Silver Nanowires (2004)

The well-defined silver (Ag) nanowires with five-twinned structure have been prepared by polyol reduction in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP K-30, 40 000). The obtained Ag nanowires are nearly monodispersed with an average diameter of 70 nm and length of 6 μm. It is confirmed from the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform Raman spectra (FT-Raman) that one monolayer of the PVP molecules might be absorbed on the surface of the Ag nanowires through Ag−O coordination. On the basis of the experimental analysis, the probable spatial conformation of the PVP molecules is supposed to be that the CH skeleton chain of the PVP is close to the surface of the Ag nanowires. The pyrrolidone ring might be tilted on the surface of the Ag nanowires through Ag:O coordination. These results may provide direct evidence for the role of the PVP molecules in the formation of the Ag nanowires.
Early suppression of disease activity is essential for maintenance of work capacity in patients with recent‐onset rheumatoid arthritis: Five‐year experience from the FIN‐RACo trial (2005)

Prompt induction of remission translates into maintenance of work capacity. At 6 months, an ACR50 response is no better than an ACR20 response with regard to future productivity, while failure to achieve an ACR20 response carries a high risk for work disability.
An implantable electrical stimulator for phrenic nerve stimulation (2012)

Phrenic nerve stimulation is a technique whereby a nerve stimulator provides electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve to cause diaphragmatic contraction in patients with respiratory failure due to cervical spinal cord injury. This paper presents an eigth-channel stimulator circuit with an output stage (electrode driving circuit) that doesn’t need off-chip blocking-capacitors and is used for phrenic nerve stimulation. This stimulator circuit utilizes only 1 output stage for 8 channels. The proposed current generator circuit in this stimulator reducing to a single step the translation of the digital input bits into the stimulus current, thus minimizing silicon area and power consumption. An 8 bit implementation is utilized for this current generator circuit. The average pulse width for this eight- channel stimulator with 1 mA current, 20 Hz frequency and 8 bits resolution, is 150 - 300 μs. The average power consumption for a single-channel stimulation is 38 mW from a 1.2 V power supply. This implantable stimulator system was simulated in HSPICE using 90 nm CMOS technology.
Gene Transfer of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Extends Islet Graft Function in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Diabetes (2003)

Islet transplantation is a promising cure for diabetes. However, inflammation, allorejection, and recurrent autoimmune damage all may contribute to early graft loss. Pancreatic islets express lower levels of antioxidant genes than most other tissues of the body, and beta-cells in particular are sensitive to oxidative damage. Therefore, damage from oxidative stress may pose a major obstacle to islet replacement therapy in that both the islet isolation and transplantation processes generate oxygen radicals. To determine whether antioxidant gene overexpression in isolated pancreatic islets can prevent oxidative damage and prolong islet function after transplantation, we used the NOD mouse model to study oxidative stress encountered during both transplantation and autoimmune attack. We transferred an antioxidant gene, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), by adenoviral infection into isolated islets that were transplanted into streptozotocin-treated NODscid recipient mice. Functioning islet grafts were subsequently exposed to diabetogenic spleen cells and monitored until graft failure. The results show that islet grafts overexpressing MnSOD functioned approximately 50% longer than control grafts. This significant prolongation of graft function suggests that the antioxidant activity of MnSOD is beneficial to transplanted islet survival and may be used in combination with other strategies aimed at islet graft protection.
Laser Therapy Improves Healing of Bone Defects Submitted to Autologus Bone Graft (2006)

The present study indicates that the use of LLLT trans-operatively resulted in a positive biomodulative effect on the healing of bone defects associated with autologous bone grafts.
Semantic description of location based web services using an extensible location ontology (2004)

A growing number of Web services, including Location Based Services (LBS) is becoming available to the public, but it is difficult to find them and to judge whether they could be used in combination with other services. This is partly caused by the fact that conventional service descriptions fall short in capturing the semantics of services. In this paper we present alternative ways to enrich service descriptions with semantic information, focussing on the domain of LBS. These descriptions refer to concepts in an extensible location ontology that is expressed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL). We demonstrate the adequacy of a reasoner to perform matchmaking between the descriptions of a required service and advertised services. Despite the current limitations, the presented method allows for much more expressive descriptions than WSDL and can be used to semantically enable OpenGIS GetCapabilities in discovery and service chaining mechanisms.
Three-Dimensional Structure of Immunoglobulins (1975)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
The Effect of the Web On Vibration Sensitivity in the Spider, Achaearanea Tepidariorum (Koch)* (1963)

ABSTRACT The common house spider, Achaearanea tepidariorum, has a sensitive vibration receptor in each of its eight legs. The receptor has been shown to respond to air-borne sound as well as to direct vibration (Walcott &amp; Van der Kloot, 1959). But for a spider on its web a more usual source of information about the outside world comes from vibrations of the web strands themselves. What is the response of the receptor to the vibrations of the web? Liesenfeld (1956, 1961) has described some of the properties of spider webs and recorded the electrical response of the vibration receptors of a variety of species of spiders to vibrations of the substrate. Nowhere, however, can one find information on how vibrations of the web are translated by the spider’s vibration receptor into electrical impulses in the sensory nerve.
Rapid Method for Measuring ScFv Thermal Stability by Yeast Surface Display (2003)

We have characterized a simplified method to determine the relative thermal stability of single-chain antibodies by following the irreversible denaturation of scFv fusions on the surface of yeast by flow cytometry. The method was highly reproducible and correlated well with other methods used to monitor thermal denaturation of the soluble proteins. We found a range of thermal stabilities for wild-type single-chain antibodies with half-maximum denaturation temperatures between 43 and 61 degrees C. The ability to quantitate thermal stability of antibodies or other proteins that are immobilized on the surface of yeast allows rapid comparisons of primary structural information with stability. Thermal denaturation could be a useful parameter to consider in the choice of scFv fragments for various applications.
Studying navitoclax, a targeted anticancer drug, in healthy volunteers--ethical considerations and risk/benefit assessments and management. (2014)

Navitoclax was well-tolerated in both studies in healthy volunteers, and did not impose risks beyond the minimal levels expected in healthy volunteer studies. Compared to a similar study in cancer patients, the studies in healthy volunteers generated higher quality data in a short period of time to support formulation selection.
Characterization of new crystalline forms of hydroxyprogesterone caproate (2017)

A systematic polymorph screening process was conducted on the steroid hydroxyprogesterone caproate, which had only one previously described orthorhombic crystalline form (A), in order to fully elucidate its solid state properties. Cooling, anti-solvent and evaporative techniques largely reproduced the same polymorph, but slurries in various solvents over two days produced a new triclinic form (B). Experiments at different temperatures in ethyl acetate or isopropyl alcohol confirmed this was an enantiotropic system with a transition temperature of approximately 30°C. DSC was used to confirm the transition of Form B to Form A below the melting point. Form B was the thermodynamically stable form at room temperature, and 8% less soluble in a non-aqueous solvent mixture. In viscous solvents used commercially to dissolve the oil-soluble steroid for injection, solutions near the solubility limit can remain supersaturated after exposure to cooler temperatures for months. In resolving the crystalline structure of Form A, a third conformational polymorph was detected that exists only at -133 to -143°C; this monoclinic form was designated Form C, and converts back to Form A upon warming to room temperature. These studies have increased the understanding of this drug and how the polymorphs may affect its physical stability in different dosage forms.
Laser-driven chemical vapor deposition of platinum at atmospheric pressure and room temperature from C pPt(CH3)3 (1988)

Photolysis of CpPt(Me)3(Cp=η5-C5H5, Me=CH3) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure produces thin films and patterned structures of platinum metal on solid substrates. The platinum films are characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Substrates can also be prepatterned by laser irradiation and then developed into a shiny platinum deposit at a later time.
Introduction to Hybrid Materials (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Natural Origins The Development of Hybrid Materials Definition: Hybrid Materials and Nanocomposites Advantages of Combining Inorganic and Organic Species in One Material Interface-determined Materials The Role of the Interaction Mechanisms Synthetic Strategies towards Hybrid Materials In situ Formation of Inorganic Materials Sol–Gel Process Nonhydrolytic Sol–Gel Process Sol–Gel Reactions of Non-Silicates Hybrid Materials by the Sol–Gel Process Hybrid Materials Derived by Combining the Sol–Gel Approach and Organic Polymers Formation of Organic Polymers in Presence of Preformed Inorganic Materials Hybrid Materials by Simultaneous Formation of Both Components Building Block Approach Inorganic Building Blocks Organic Building Blocks Structural Engineering Properties and Applications Characterization of Materials Summary