gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of DFIG Wind Turbine With Direct-Current Vector Control Configuration (2011)

The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine is a variable speed wind turbine widely used in the modern wind power industry. At present, commercial DFIG wind turbines primarily make use of the technology that was developed a decade ago. But, it is found in this paper that there is a limitation in the conventional vector control technique. This paper presents a direct-current vector control method in a DFIG wind turbine, based on which an integrated control strategy is developed for wind energy extraction, reactive power, and grid voltage support controls of the wind turbine. A transient simulation system using SimPowerSystem is built to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method. The conventional control approach is compared with the proposed control technique for DFIG wind turbine control under both steady and gust wind conditions. The paper shows that under the dc vector control configuration, a DFIG system has a superior performance in various aspects.
The infusion of ex vivo activated and expanded CD4+CD25+ immune regulatory cells inhibits graft-versus-host disease lethality (2002)

Immune regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) cells play a vital role in the induction and maintenance of self-tolerance and the prevention of autoimmunity. Recently, CD4(+)CD25(+) cells have been shown to be required for the ex vivo induction of tolerance to alloantigen via costimulatory blockade and to inhibit allogeneic skin graft rejection. Data presented here demonstrate that CD4(+)CD25(+) cells play an important role in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) generation. Depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells from the donor T-cell inoculum or in vivo CD25-depletion of the recipient before transplantation resulted in increased GVHD mediated by CD4(+) or whole T cells in several strain combinations irrespective of the total body irradiation conditioning regime. The infusion of freshly purified donor CD4(+)CD25(+) cells modestly inhibited GVHD when administered in equal numbers with whole CD4(+) cells. Because CD4(+)CD25(+) cells only account for 5% to 10% of the total CD4(+) population, the administration of high numbers of fresh donor CD4(+)CD25(+) cells may not be clinically practical. However, we found that large numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells can be obtained by ex vivo activation and expansion. Cultured CD4(+)CD25(+) cells, administered in equal numbers with CD4(+) T cells or CD25-depleted whole T cells, resulted in significant inhibition of rapidly lethal GVHD. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that activated, cultured CD4(+)CD25(+) cells can offer substantial protection in a relevant in vivo animal model of disease. These data have important ramifications for clinical bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. CD4(+)CD25(+) cells warrant consideration as an exciting new modality of cellular therapy for the inhibition of undesirable autologous and allogeneic responses.
Vaginal fetal fibronectin levels and spontaneous preterm birth in symptomatic women (2001)

In women with symptoms of preterm labor, an increase in fetal fibronectin from under 40 ng/mL, to 40-100 ng/mL, to at least 100 ng/mL was associated with a progressive increase in the risk of subsequent spontaneous preterm birth. The use of a single fetal fibronectin cutoff of 50 ng/mL for defining a positive test in women with symptoms of preterm labor should be reevaluated.
Comparison of the hemostatic effects of fresh whole blood, stored whole blood, and components after open heart surgery in children (1991)

In a double-blind study, we compared the postoperative (post-op) blood loss in 161 children undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass whose immediate post-op transfusion requirements were met with either very fresh whole blood (VFWB), 24- to 48-hour-old whole blood or reconstituted whole blood (packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma [FFP], and platelets). Assignment to treatment groups was not strictly random but dependent, in part, on the ability of families to provide directed donors for fresh blood. The three patient groups were comparable with respect to patient age, pre-op coagulation profiles (bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, fibrin split products, fibrinogen, and platelet aggregation tests) difficulty of operative procedures and time spent on CPB. Mean 24-hour post-op blood loss in milliliters per kilogram was 50.9 +/- 9.3 in the VFWB group, 44.8 +/- 6.0 in the 24- to 48-hour-old group, and 74.2 +/- 8.9 in the reconstituted group (p = .03). When blood loss was compared in the 93 children less than 2 years of age, mean blood loss was 52.3 +/- 10.8 in the VFWB group, 51.7 +/- 7.4 in the 24- to 48-hour-old group, and 96.2 +/- 10.7 in the reconstituted group (P = .001). For subjects who had received reconstituted blood, 30- minute and 3-hour post-op platelet aggregation responses to adenosine diphosphate (10 mumol/L) and 30-minute aggregation response to epinephrine (2.5 mumol/L) were more depressed than in the VFWB and 24- to 48-hour groups (P less than .001, P = .005, and P = .02). Comparison of other post-op coagulation tests could not explain the increased blood loss in the reconstituted group. We conclude that the transfusion of less than 48 hours old whole blood is associated with significantly less post-op blood loss than the transfusion of packed red blood cells, FFP, and platelets in children under 2 years old who underwent complex cardiac surgery. The blood losses associated with the transfusion of VFWB and 24- to 48-hour-old blood are comparable and may be, in part, due to better functioning platelets.
Fractionated radioimmunotherapy of human colon carcinoma xenografts with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody CC49. (1995)

Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) have been used for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of human colon cancer xenografts in an attempt to develop promising clinical approaches to improving therapy success. Several strategies have been investigated to accomplish this task while decreasing toxicity. The CC49 antibody was selected for the present studies because of its relatively high affinity constant (16.2 x 10(9) M-1) for the high molecular weight TAG-72 mucinous antigen secreted by human colon cancer cells. In previous studies, when CC49 was labeled with 131I, it demonstrated a substantial therapeutic advantage over the lower affinity antibody (B72.3) reactive with TAG-72. One of the chief problems in achieving cures with RIT is that hematological toxicity limits the quantity of radionuclide that can be administered. In other studies of dose fractionation using athymic nude mice and 131I-labeled intact MoAbs reactive with human colon cancer xenografts, multiple administrations at approximately 1-week intervals were found to produce more prolonged tumor growth inhibition and less toxicity than single administrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of 131I-labeled CC49 MoAb administered with short fractionation schedules against human colon cancer xenografts to determine the optimal treatment schedule, with the ultimate aim of applying this approach in clinical trials. The results reported here demonstrate that in an animal colon cancer xenograft model, RIT delivered in a fractionated schedule clearly presents a therapeutic advantage. For example, one administration of 600 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 to LS174T tumor-bearing mice was lethal to approximately 25% of mice but produced no tumor regressions. Fractionation of this dose to two administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 at a 3-day interval resulted in tumor regression in approximately 30% of the animals, accompanied by a similar 25% death rate. The administration of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 at a 7-day interval resulted in 15% animal lethality, but no complete tumor regressions. When three administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 were given over a 1-week period on days 0, 3, and 7, tumor regressions occurred in approximately 40% of the animals, accompanied by a 30% death rate. Moreover, three administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 resulted in 20% tumor recurrence, whereas two administrations of 131I-labeled CC49 resulted in 60% tumor recurrence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complex Formation and Nucleolar-Cytoplasmic Relocalization of Nucleolin in Poliovirus-Infected Cells (1998)

The poliovirus 3' noncoding region (3'NCR) is involved in the efficient synthesis of viral negative-stranded RNA molecules. A strong interaction between a 105-kDa host protein and the wild-type 3'NCR, but not with a replication-defective mutant 3'NCR, was detected. This 105-kDa protein was identified as nucleolin which predominantly resides in the nucleolus and has been proposed to function in the folding of rRNA precursor molecules. A functional role for nucleolin in viral genome amplification was examined in a cell-free extract which has been shown to support the assembly of infectious virus from virion RNA. At early times of viral gene expression, extracts depleted of nucleolin produced less infectious virus than extracts depleted of fibrillarin, another resident of the nucleolus, indicating a functional role of nucleolin in the early stages of the viral life cycle in this in vitro system. Immunofluorescence analysis of uninfected and infected cells showed a nucleocytoplasmic relocalization of nucleolin, but not of fibrillarin, in poliovirus-infected cells. Relocalization of nucleolin was not simply a consequence of virally induced inhibition of translation or transcription, because inhibitors of translation or transcription did not induce nucleolar-cytoplasmic relocalization of nucleolin. These findings suggest a novel virus-induced mechanism by which certain nucleolar proteins are selectively redistributed in infected cells.
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and prion disease (2002)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prion disease are characterized neuropathologically by extracellular deposits of Abeta and PrP amyloid fibrils, respectively. In both disorders, these cerebral amyloid deposits are co-localized with a broad variety of inflammation-related proteins (complement factors, acute-phase protein, pro-inflammatory cytokines) and clusters of activated microglia. The present data suggest that the cerebral Abeta and PrP deposits are closely associated with a locally induced, non-immune-mediated chronic inflammatory response. Epidemiological studies indicate that polymorphisms of certain cytokines and acute-phase proteins, which are associated with Abeta plaques, are genetic risk factors for AD. Transgenic mice studies have established the role of amyloid associated acute-phase proteins in Alzheimer amyloid formation. In contrast to AD, there is a lack of evidence that cytokines and acute-phase proteins can influence disease progression in prion disease. Clinicopathological and neuroradiological studies have shown that activation of microglia is a relatively early pathogenetic event that precedes the process of neuropil destruction in AD patients. It has also been found that the onset of microglial activation coincided in mouse models of prion disease with the earliest changes in neuronal morphology, many weeks before neuronal loss and subsequent clinical signs of disease. In the present work, we review the similarities and differences between the involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in AD and prion disease. We also discuss the concept that the demonstration of a chronic inflammatory-like process relatively early in the pathological cascade of both diseases suggests potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or to retard these chronic neurodegenerative disorders.
Adalimumab, a fully human anti–tumor necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate: The ARMADA trial (2003)

The addition of adalimumab at a dosage of 20 mg, 40 mg, or 80 mg administered subcutaneously every other week to long-term MTX therapy in patients with active RA provided significant, rapid, and sustained improvement in disease activity over 24 weeks compared with MTX plus placebo.
On effective offloading services for resource-constrained mobile devices running heavier mobile Internet applications (2008)

Rapid advances in wireless mobile network technologies and mobile handsets (MHs) facilitate ubiquitous infrastructure that can support a range of mobile services and applications in addition to conventional mobile Internet access. One recent trend is to effectively run desktop PC-oriented heavier applications on MHs. However, due to their miniature, portable size, MHs are resource-constrained and therefore, running these applications directly on an MH is not satisfactory given a user's expectations. To cope with this problem, this article proposes a novel offloading service that can seamlessly offload some of the tasks of a mobile application from an MH to nearby, resource-rich PCs (called surrogates). The system architecture and key components of the proposed offloading service are presented, prototyped, and evaluated. The results of experiments and simulations have demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of this offloading service for mobile applications.
Fetal cells in the uterine cervix: a source for early non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis (2001)

Various non-invasive techniques for prenatal diagnosis have been under investigation. We evaluated the success of fetal sexing using a non-invasive technique for obtaining fetal cells, uterine cervix brushing, in combination with FISH. Thirty pregnant women who completed between 6 and 10 weeks of gestation and who were scheduled to undergo pregnancy termination were included in the study. A Pap smear cytobrush was inserted through the external os to a maximum depth of 2 cm and removed while rotating it a full turn. The material that was caught on the brush was spread on four microscope slides. Two-color FISH was used for fetal sexing. Following pregnancy termination, a placental sample was used for full karyotyping. In 29/30 cases FISH diagnosis was confirmed by chromosomal analysis. The only male case in which a Y chromosome was not seen was from a pregnancy of 6 weeks 6 days gestational age. One case was mosaic of 46,XY/47,XXY (25%). In most cases (7/13) the Y chromosome was already identified in the first analyzed slide. With the use of a cytobrush fetal cells can be easily obtained for the purpose of prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal disorders.
Death Receptor Recruitment of Endogenous Caspase-10 and Apoptosis Initiation in the Absence of Caspase-8 (2001)

Caspase-8 is believed to play an obligatory role in apoptosis initiation by death receptors, but the role of its structural relative, caspase-10, remains controversial. Although earlier evidence implicated caspase-10 in apoptosis signaling by CD95L and Apo2L/TRAIL, recent studies indicated that these death receptor ligands recruit caspase-8 but not caspase-10 to their death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) even in presence of abundant caspase-10. We characterized a series of caspase-10-specific antibodies and found that certain commercially available antibodies cross-react with HSP60, shedding new light on previous results. The majority of 55 lung and breast carcinoma cell lines expressed mRNA for both caspase-8 and -10; however, immunoblot analysis revealed that caspase-10 protein expression was more frequently absent than that of caspase-8, suggesting a possible selective pressure against caspase-10 production in cancer cells. In nontransfected cells expressing both caspases, CD95L and Apo2L/TRAIL recruited endogenous caspase-10 as well as caspase-8 to their DISC, where both enzymes were proteolytically processed with similar kinetics. Caspase-10 recruitment required the adaptor FADD/Mort1, and caspase-10 cleavage in vitro required DISC assembly, consistent with the processing of an apoptosis initiator. Cells expressing only one of the caspases underwent ligand-induced apoptosis, indicating that each caspase can initiate apoptosis independently of the other. Thus, apoptosis signaling by death receptors involves not only caspase-8 but also caspase-10, and both caspases may have equally important roles in apoptosis initiation.
Poly(3-methylthiophene)-coated electrodes: optical and electrical properties as a function of redox potential and amplification of electrical and chemical signals using poly(3-methylthiophene)-based microelectrochemical transistors (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticlePoly(3-methylthiophene)-coated electrodes: optical and electrical properties as a function of redox potential and amplification of electrical and chemical signals using poly(3-methylthiophene)-based microelectrochemical transistorsJames W. Thackeray, Henry S. White, and Mark S. WrightonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 23, 5133–5140Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100269a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100269a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1169Altmetric-Citations264LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Compressive wide-band spectrum sensing (2009)

We present a compressive wide-band spectrum sensing scheme for cognitive radios. The received analog signal at the cognitive radio sensing receiver is transformed in to a digital signal using an analog-to-information converter. The autocorrelation of this compressed signal is then used to reconstruct an estimate of the signal spectrum. We evaluate the performance of this scheme in terms of the mean squared error of the power spectrum density estimate and the probability of detecting signal occupancy.
A Roadmap for National Action on Clinical Decision Support (2007)

This document comprises an AMIA Board of Directors approved White Paper that presents a roadmap for national action on clinical decision support. It is published in JAMIA for archival and dissemination purposes. The full text of this material has been previously published on the AMIA Web site (www.amia.org/inside/initiatives/cds). AMIA is the copyright holder.
Expression of the Bacillus subtilis sacB gene leads to sucrose sensitivity in the gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum but not in Streptomyces lividans (1992)

The expression of the structural gene (sacB) encoding Bacillus subtilis levansucrase in two gram-positive soil bacteria, Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 and Streptomyces lividans 1326, was investigated. sacB expression in the presence of sucrose is lethal to C. glutamicum but not to S. lividans. While S. lividans secretes levansucrase into the medium, we could show that the enzyme is retained by C. glutamicum cells. Our results imply that the sacB gene can be used as a positive selection system in coryneform bacteria.
Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Efficiencies of Concentrator Solar Cells (2007)

In a prospective study lumbar iohexol myelography was performed in 107 consecutive patients, randomised for lumbar puncture with a Quincke or Whitacre spinal needle. All patients answered a questionnaire about possible side effects. Data from 100 patients (58 men, 42 women) were evaluated. In the Quincke group (n = 53), 23 (43%) reported no side effects. In the 30 patients who reported various side effects, post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) occurred in 22 (42%), of whom 9 had mild, 6 moderate and 7 (13%) severe cephalalgia, 18 (34%) reported increased low back pain/sciatica, 5 nausea and 7 dizziness. In the Whitacre group (n = 47), 33 (70%) had no side effects. PDPH was reported by 9 patients (19%), of whom 2 had mild, 6 moderate and only 1 (2%) severe cephalalgia, 4 (9%) reported increased low back pain/sciatica, 5 nausea and 4 dizziness. The conclusion drawn from this study is that lumbar myelography performed with the Whitacre spinal needle reduces postspinal side effects.
Ordered Nanowell Arrays (1996)

Ordered arrays of micrometer- and nanometer-sized wells were fabricated by chemically etching an optical imaging fiber's distal face. Well depth was controlled by the etch reaction time. Well packing densities could be increased by tapering the imaging fiber's distal tip. The smallest wells had a 50-nm depth and a 125-nm radius corresponding to a 3 × 10-18-L volume and a packing density of 3.6 × 108 wells/cm2. Ordered nanowell arrays were used as templates to emboss polymeric films with patterned nanometer-sized structures.
Hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides (1978)

Procedures are described for the use of synthetic oligonucleotides for Southern blot experiments and gene bank screening, and the effect of various mismatches on the efficiency of hybridization is demonstrated. The following topics are discussed: sensitivity vs. specificity, hybridization of a 12-mer to the lambda endolysin gene; hybridization of oligonucleotide probes to the E. coli lac operator; hybridization of synthetic probes to the CYC1 gene of yeast; and cloning eucaryotic genes. (HLW)
Recognition of Double-stranded RNA by Human Toll-like Receptor 3 and Downstream Receptor Signaling Requires Multimerization and an Acidic pH (2005)

Studies involving Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-deficient mice suggest that this receptor binds double-stranded RNA. In the present study, we analyzed ligand/receptor interactions and receptor-proximal events leading to TLR3 activation. The mutagenesis approach showed that certain cysteine residues and glycosylation in TLR3 amino-terminal leucine-rich repeats were necessary for ligand-induced signaling. Furthermore, inactive mutants had a dominant negative effect, suggesting that the signaling module is a multimer. We constructed a chimeric molecule fusing the amino-terminal ectodomain of TLR3 to the transmembrane and carboxyl terminal domains of CD32a containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based motif. Expression of TLR3-CD32 in HEK293T cells and the myeloid cell line U937 resulted in surface localization of the receptor, whereas the nonrecombinant molecule was intracellularly localized. The synthetic double-stranded RNAs poly(I-C) and poly(A-U) induced calcium mobilization in a TLR3-CD32 stably transfected U937 clone but not in control cells transfected with other constructs. An anti-TLR3 antibody also induced Ca(2+) flux but only when cross-linked by a secondary anti-immunoglobulin antibody, confirming that multimerization by the ligand is a requirement for signaling. The inhibitors of lysosome maturation, bafilomycin and chloroquine, inhibited the poly(I-C)-induced biological response in immune cells, showing that TLR3 interacted with its ligand in acidic subcellular compartments. Furthermore, TLR3-CD32 activation with poly(I-C) was only observed within a narrow pH window (pH 5.7-6.7), whereas anti-TLR3-mediated Ca(2+) flux was pH-insensitive. The importance of an acidic pH for TLR3-ligand interaction becomes critical when using oligomeric poly(I-C) (15-40-mers). These observations demonstrate that engagement of TLR3 by poly(I-C) at an acidic pH, probably in early phagolysosomes or endosomes, induces receptor aggregation leading to signaling.