gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular basis of beta-thalassemia minor in Taiwan. (1994)

The mutations producing beta-thalassemia minor in 227 Taiwanese were studied using the method of naturally and amplified created restriction sites. beta-Thalassemia minor was caused by one beta-globin gene mutation in most of the cases (225/227); only a few cases were caused by two gene mutation (2/227). The most common type of mutation was frameshift codon 41/42 (-TCTT) (93/227), followed in descending order by the C-->T substitution at nucleotide 654 of IVS-2 (83/227), the nonsense mutation A--T at codon 17 (22/227), the A-->T mutation at position -28 of the promotor region (12/227), the frameshift codon 27/28 (+C) (6/227), the initial codon mutation (ATG-->AGG) (5/227), and one each of the codon 71/72 (+A), IVS-1 nt 1 (G-->T), IVS-1 3' end (TAG-->GAG), and nonsense codon 43. In the two cases of the two-gene mutation, one was the nt 654 mutation with Hb Kaohsiung and another one was frameshift codon 41/42 with Hb Meinung. The first four mutations accounted for more than 90% of the mutations. The C-->T substitution at the nt 654 of IVS-2 and initial codon mutation in our study had a higher incidence than in other Southeast Asia areas. Comparison of clinical data in different types of beta-thalassemia showed that there were higher MCV and MCH levels in beta (+)-thalassemia.
Crosslinkage of B lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin by anti-Ig or antigen induces prolonged oscillation of intracellular ionized calcium. (1987)

Our results indicate that B lymphocytes stimulated with anti-Ig or antigen exhibit repetitive [Ca2+]i transients which persist for hours. The magnitude of these transients favors an important and ongoing role for [Ca2+]i elevation in antigen driven B cell activation. Repetitive Ca2+ transients may prove to be a prevalent mechanism of Ca2+ signaling. In preliminary experiments (with L. E. Samelson and R. D. Klausner), we have observed Ca2+ transients in cloned T cells stimulated with antigen. Woods et al. have described repetitive free Ca2+ transients in hepatocytes stimulated with extracellular ligands promoting glycogenolysis, and suggest that the intervals of base-line [Ca2+]i levels explain the absence of mitochondrial overload in chronically stimulated cells. These considerations apply equally to B lymphocytes and recommend caution in delineating the range of Ca2+-mediated functions by prolonged coculture of cells with Ca2+ ionophores. Our experiments were done in a simple recording chamber with one cell type. No cell interactions were observed. Given the variety of indicator dyes now available, the technical approach we present, augmented by a more sophisticated recording chamber, is a potentially powerful tool for examining the intrinsic, and T- or accessory cell-dependent, physiology of B cell differentiation.
Effect of hepatic vagotomy on hormonal response to exercise in gluconeogenesis-inhibited rats (1991)

The liver, through the afferent pathway of the hepatic vagus nerve, has been reported to influence the hormonal response to exercise in adrenodemedullated rats. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the role played by gluconeogenesis in this hepatic influence. To this end, we studied the effects of a selective hepatic vagotomy on the hormonal response to a 30-min treadmill run (26 m/min, 0% grade) in adrenodemedullated rats injected with 3-mercaptopicolinic acid, a gluconeogenic inhibitor. Hepatic vagotomy was associated with small but significant higher (P less than 0.05) elevations of peripheral blood glucose levels at rest and after exercise. No significant differences were observed between hepatic-vagotomized and sham-operated rats in either resting or exercising levels of liver glycogen, portal glucose, portal and peripheral insulin and glucagon, and peripheral epinephrine and norepinephrine. All hormonal responses, with the exception of epinephrine, were either decreased or increased similarly in the two experimental conditions after exercise. These data indicate that contrary to what has been reported in rats with an intact capacity for gluconeogenesis, hepatic-vagotomized and sham-operated rats with an inhibited gluconeogenesis had similar hormonal responses to exercise. It is concluded that gluconeogenesis plays a role in the afferent neural influence exerted by the liver via the hepatic vagus nerve in the regulation of hormonal response to exercise.
Ring closure of enaminones via intramolecular electrophilic arylation involving benzyne intermediates and its use in the synthesis of .gamma.-lycoran and related compounds (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing closure of enaminones via intramolecular electrophilic arylation involving benzyne intermediates and its use in the synthesis of .gamma.-lycoran and related compoundsHideo Iida, Yoshifumi Yuasa, and Chihiro KibayashiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 7, 1074–1080Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01321a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01321a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
برنامهریزی کاربری زمین در مواجهه با زلزله در بافتهای فرسودۀ شهری (مطالعۀ موردی: محلۀ عبدلآباد شهر تهران) (2019)

بشر از دیرباز با پدیده‌های مخرب طبیعی روبه‌رو بوده است. از این رو، پیوسته در تلاش بوده راه‌حل‌هایی برای مقابله با این پدیده‌ها پیدا کند. در این میان، بافت فرسوده و ساختمان‌های واقع در این بافت بیشترین آسیب را دیده و از حداقل پیامدهای آن قطع لوله‌های تأسیساتی، ایجاد آتش‌سوزی، مسدود شدن مسیرهای دسترسی، کمک‌رسانی ضعیف و به تأخیر افتادن تخلیة افراد را می‌توان ذکر کرد. بررسی میزان آسیب‌ها و صدمه‌های ناشی از زلزله در شهرها، در بسیاری موارد نشان داده درصد بالایی از صدمه‌ها به‌طور مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم به وضعیت نامطلوب برنامه‌ریزی و شناسایی و کاهش خطرها مربوط می‌شده است و درواقع علل عمدة آسیب‌ها و تلفات ناشی از آن را در بی‌توجهی و سهل‌انگاری در رعایت استانداردهای ایمنی سازه‌ها، در فقدان اصول، برنامه‌ها و طرح‌های شهرسازی مناسب می‌بایست جستجو کرد که با شناخت بافت و عملکرد و رفتار زلزله و استفادة بهینه از زمین و کاربری‌های آن، می‌توان اقدام مؤثری به منصة ظهور رساند. هدف این مقاله بررسی مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار بر تاب‌آوری بافت فرسوده در برابر زلزله در محلة عبدل‌آباد منطقة 19 شهر تهران است. روش پژوهش در این مقاله، توصیفی-تحلیلی است و از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی استفاده شده و با مدلAHP و نرم‌افزارExpert choice  به تحلیل پرداخته است. یافته‌های این مقاله نشان می‌دهد که عامل مدیریتی، اقتصادی و مشارکت اهالی در فرایند بازآفرینی و احیا، به‌ترتیب با امتیاز 145/0، 112/0 و 110/0در جایگاه‌های اول تا سوم قرار دارند و نشانگر اهمیت این مؤلفه‌ها در بین مؤلفه‌های مورد بررسی است. همچنین در این پژوهش با توجه به تحلیل مؤلفه‌ها و زیرمعیارها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار یادشده، بین عبدل‌آباد شمالی و جنوبی، عبدل‌آباد شمالی در جایگاه نخست واقع شد و براین‌اساس، بهترین محدوده از لحاظ برنامه‌ریزی بعد از وقوع زلزله را می‌توان مدیریت و ساماندهی کرد.
Saturation mutagenesis of the human interleukin 6 receptor-binding site: implications for its three-dimensional structure. (1993)

Interleukin 6 is a 184-aa polypeptide postulated to belong to the class of helical cytokines. We built a three-dimensional model of human interleukin 6 based on the similarity of its hydrophobicity pattern with that of other cytokines and on the x-ray structure of growth hormone, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, interferon beta, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The resulting model is a bundle of four alpha-helices and suggests possible alternative conformations for the 9 C-terminal amino acids; in this region, the importance of Arg-182 and Met-184 for biological activity has been demonstrated [Lutticken, C., Kruttgen, A., Moller, C., Heinrich, P.C. & Rose-John, S. (1991) FEBS Lett. 282, 265-267]. Therefore, we generated a large collection of single-amino acid variants in residues 175-181. Analysis of their biological activity in two systems and the receptor binding properties of a subset of the mutants indicates that the entire region is involved in forming the receptor binding surface and supports the hypothesis that this region does not assume an alpha-helical conformation. Remarkably, we also found a mutant with receptor affinity and biological activity much higher than wild type; the potential therapeutical value of this finding is discussed.
Recent Advances in the New Generation Taxane Anticancer Agents (2005)

Recent advances in the design and preclinical evaluations of promising new generation taxane anticancer agents are reviewed in this article. Paclitaxel and docetaxel are two of the most important anticancer drugs today. However, recent reports have shown that treatment with these drugs often encounters undesirable side effects as well as drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to develop new taxane anticancer agents with fewer side effects, superior pharmacological properties, and improved activity against drug-resistant human cancers. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of a series of highly active second-generation taxanes. One of them, "Ortataxel" (SB-T-101131, IDN5109, BAY59-8862), exhibits excellent activity against a variety of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cell lines, as well as human tumor xenografts in mice. It is orally active and is currently in phase II clinical trials. Photoaffinity labeling of microtubules and P-glycoprotein using photoreactive radiolabeled taxoids has disclosed the drug-binding domain of tubulin as well as Pgp. Together with information on microtubule-bound fluorine-labeled taxoids obtained by solid-state NMR studies, the bioactive conformation of paclitaxel and taxoids appears to emerge. Novel taxane-monoclonal antibody (mAb) immunoconjugates, have shown highly promising results for the tumor-specific delivery and release of an extremely cytotoxic, second-generation taxane. Also, another novel series of second generation taxanes conjugated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, e.g. decosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has exhibited impressive antitumor activity with minimum general toxicity against the highly drug-resistant DLD-1 human colon cancer xenografts in SCID mice.
Nanoparticles with Raman Spectroscopic Fingerprints for DNA and RNA Detection (2002)

Multiplexed detection of oligonucleotide targets has been performed with gold nanoparticle probes labeled with oligonucleotides and Raman-active dyes. The gold nanoparticles facilitate the formation of a silver coating that acts as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering promoter for the dye-labeled particles that have been captured by target molecules and an underlying chip in microarray format. The strategy provides the high-sensitivity and high-selectivity attributes of gray-scale scanometric detection but adds multiplexing and ratioing capabilities because a very large number of probes can be designed based on the concept of using a Raman tag as a narrow-band spectroscopic fingerprint. Six dissimilar DNA targets with six Raman-labeled nanoparticle probes were distinguished, as well as two RNA targets with single nucleotide polymorphisms. The current unoptimized detection limit of this method is 20 femtomolar.
Specific recognition of CG base pairs by 2-deoxynebularine within the purine.cntdot.purine.cntdot.pyrimidine triple-helix motif (1993)

The sequence-specific recognition of double-helical DNA by oligodeoxyribonucleotide-directed triple-helix formation is limited mostly to purine tracts. Within the geometric constraints of the phosphate-deoxyribose position of a purine-purine-pyrimidine triple-helical structure, model building studies suggested that the deoxyribonucleoside 2'-deoxynebularine (dN) might form one specific hydrogen bond with cytosine (C) or adenine (A) of Watson-Crick cytosine-guanine (CG) or adenine-thymine (AT) base pairs. 2-Deoxynebularine (dN) was incorporated by automated methods into purine-rich oligodeoxyribonucleotides. From affinity cleavage analysis, the stabilities of base triplets within a purine.purine.pyrimidine (Pu.Pu.Py) triple helix were found to decrease in the order N.CG approximately N.AT >> N.GC approximately N.TA (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C). Oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing two N residues were shown to bind specifically within plasmid DNA a single 15 base pair site of the human immunodeficiency virus genome containing two CG base pairs within a purine tract. This binding event occurs under physiologically relevant pH and temperature (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C) and demonstrates the utility of the new base. Quantitative affinity cleavage titration reveals that, in the particular sequence studied, an N.CG base triplet interaction results in a stabilization of the local triple-helical structure by 1 kcal.mol-1 (10 mM NaCl, 1 mM spermine tetrahydrochloride, 50 mM Tris-acetate, pH 7.4, 4 degrees C) compared to an A.CG base triplet mismatch.
Thromboelastography-Guided Transfusion Algorithm Reduces Transfusions in Complex Cardiac Surgery (1999)

Transfusion of allogeneic blood products is common during complex cardiac surgical procedures. In a prospective, randomized trial, we compared a transfusion algorithm using point-of-care coagulation testing with routine laboratory testing, and found the algorithm to be effective in reducing transfusion requirements.
Microwave Giemsa Technique for Paraffin Embedded Tissue Sections (1995)

A microwave Giemsa method for paraffin embedded tissue sections is reported. It is a modification of an earlier stain by Churukian and Listinsky, in which warm glycerol is used to dissolve the dyes and Triton X-100 is added to the final solution. The procedure can be completed within one hour and fifteen minutes and is consistent and reliable for demonstrating a variety of cells and microorganisms, like rickettsia and gram-negative bacteria. The stain can be easily prepared in the laboratory, does not require a microscope to control differentiation, and is as good, if not better, than commercially available Giemsa stains. Results are more uniform and consistent than those obtained with the widely used Wolbach method. (The J Histotechnol 18:319, 1995).
Cofactors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 cDNA Integration In Vitro (2002)

We have investigated the function of two DNA binding proteins that stimulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cDNA integration in vitro, the cellular HMGa1 protein and the viral nucleocapsid (NC) protein. Of the three forms of NC (NCp7, NCp9, and NCp15), we find that NCp9 is the most effective at increasing integration in vitro; thus, processing of NC may potentially modulate its activities during infection. We also found that maximal stimulation by NCp9 required roughly enough NC to coat the reactant DNAs whereas less HMGa1 was required, and the reactions displayed different optima for divalent metal cofactors and order of addition. These findings reveal probable distinct mechanisms of action in vitro.
App Epidemics: Modelling the Effects of Publicity in a Mobile App Ecosystem (2012)

In mobile app ecosystems, an app can behave like a virus. Once downloaded, it may cause its user to recommend that app to friends who then may download the app and “infect” other friends. Epidemics occur when a small number of downloads causes a snowballing effect that results in a massive number of downloads (and consequently, a rich developer). This paper presents AppEco, the first Artificial Life model of mobile application ecosystems. AppEco models the app store, app developers, apps, users, and their behaviour. We use AppEco to simulate Apple’s iOS app ecosystem and investigate common publicity strategies adopted by developers and their effects on app downloads. Specifically, we investigate three causal factors for a widespread “app infection” from epidemiology: the users’ exposure to the app, the users’ susceptibility to the app, and the infectiousness of the app.
Pharmacological Inhibition of the Wnt Acyltransferase PORCN Prevents Growth of WNT-Driven Mammary Cancer (2012)

Porcupine (PORCN) is a membrane bound O-acyltransferase that is required for Wnt palmitoylation, secretion, and biologic activity. All evaluable human Wnts require PORCN for their activity, suggesting that inhibition of PORCN could be an effective treatment for cancers dependent on excess Wnt activity. In this study, we evaluated the PORCN inhibitor Wnt-C59 (C59), to determine its activity and toxicity in cultured cells and mice. C59 inhibits PORCN activity in vitro at nanomolar concentrations, as assessed by inhibition of Wnt palmitoylation, Wnt interaction with the carrier protein Wntless/WLS, Wnt secretion, and Wnt activation of β-catenin reporter activity. In mice, C59 displayed good bioavailability, as once daily oral administration was sufficient to maintain blood concentrations well above the IC(50). C59 blocked progression of mammary tumors in MMTV-WNT1 transgenic mice while downregulating Wnt/β-catenin target genes. Surprisingly, mice exhibit no apparent toxicity, such that at a therapeutically effective dose there were no pathologic changes in the gut or other tissues. These results offer preclinical proof-of-concept that inhibiting mammalian Wnts can be achieved by targeting PORCN with small-molecule inhibitors such as C59, and that this is a safe and feasible strategy in vivo.
Inhibition of Candida albicans by Lactobacillus acidophilus: evidence for the involvement of a peroxidase system. (1994)

A range of cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus was isolated from patients using oral, vaginal and endocervical swabs. These were investigated for their ability to (1) inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, and (2) generate peroxidase, hydrogen peroxide and hypothiocyanite. Inhibition of Candida albicans and hydrogen peroxide production was detected in nine out of twelve strains whereas peroxidase production was only detected in three out of twelve strains, all from oral swabs. Hypothiocyanite production was detected in two strains and it was only detected in these strains after growth in MRS medium in aerobic conditions.
Scrambled Code Multiple Access waveform for micro satellite terminals (2012)

This paper introduces a novel waveform based on very low-rate coding and a family of new multiple access techniques named Scrambled Code Multiple Access. It allows different users of a communications system to efficiently share the same bandwidth by using specific scramblers to separate timeslots. The SCMA technology is especially well-suited for satellite communications with extremely small antenna micro satellite terminals for potential applications, such as, tactical communications on the move, asset tracking, sensor networking, and smart grid. With SCMA, such applications can now be supported with cost-efficient Ku- and Ka-bands. We will discuss two types of receiver structure, several ways of using them, their respective performance, covertness features, and results from a prototype implementation that has been field tested.
High-Efficiency Differential RF Front-End for a Gen2 RFID Tag (2011)

This brief proposes the analysis and design of a high-efficiency differential radio-frequency (RF) front-end for electronic-product-code second-generation-compatible RF identification tags. By studying the operating mechanism of an <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> -stage rectifier using a dynamic compensation technique, we propose a steady-state model to predict its output voltage and power conversion efficiency (PCE). The model gives insight to specify circuit parameters according to different input and load conditions. To compose the RF front-end, the rectifier is designed along with an envelope detector, a voltage regulator, and a backscattering modulator. The RF front-end is implemented in 0.18-μm standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology with electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. Both simulation and measurement results verify the proposed steady-state model. The maximum PCE of the RF front-end reaches 43% at -17-dBm incident power.
Quantitative Analysis of a RNA-Cleaving DNA Catalyst Obtained via in Vitro Selection (2004)

In vitro selections performed in the presence of Mg2+ generated DNA sequences capable of cleaving an internal ribonucleoside linkage. Several of these, surprisingly, displayed intermolecular catalysis and catalysis independent of Mg2+, features that the selection protocol was not explicitly designed to select. A detailed physical organic analysis was applied to one of these DNAzymes, termed 614. First, the progress curve for the reaction was dissected to identify factors that prevented the molecule from displaying clean first-order transformation kinetics and 100% conversion. Several factors were identified and quantitated, including (a) competitive intra- and intermolecular rate processes, (b) alternative reactive and unreactive conformations, and (c) mutations within the catalyst. Other factors were excluded, including “approach to equilibrium” kinetics and product inhibition. The possibility of complementary strand inhibition was demonstrated but was shown to not be a factor under the conditions of these experiments. The rates of the intra- and intermolecular processes were compared, and saturation models for the intermolecular process were built. The rate-limiting step for the intermolecular reaction was found to be the association/folding of the enzyme with the substrate and not the cleavage step. The DNAzyme 614 is more active in trans than in cis and more active at temperatures below the selection temperature than at the selection temperature. Many of these properties have not been reported in similar systems; these results therefore expand the phenomenology known for this class of DNA-based catalysts. A brief survey of other catalysts arising from this selection found other Mg2+-independent DNAzymes and provided a preliminary view of the ruggedness of the landscape, relating function to structure in sequence space. Hypotheses are suggested to account for the fact that a selection in the presence of Mg2+ did not exploit this Mg2+. This study of a specific catalytically active DNAzyme is an example of studies that will be necessary generally to permit in vitro selection to help us understand the distribution of function in sequence space.
Embedding Parametric Digital Signatures In Images (1996)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Trieste, Italy, 1996