gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effects of glycine in an experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and its correlation between TREM-1 and TREM-2. (2016)

Inflammation plays an important role in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 and 2 (TREM-1 and TREM-2) modulates inflammatory and innate immune, they have been investigated in various inflammatory diseases, but not in NASH. Meanwhile we added glycine in HFO (HFOG) to investigate if the liver pathologic relief is related with TREM-1 and TREM-2. Liver tissue staining and serum indexes showed that the NASH was successful from the 4(th) weekend and glycine can improved many features of NASH. Results from Q-PCR and ELISA study showed that compareaded with control, TREM-1 is upregulated and TREM-2 is downregulated respectively in 4 and 8-week NASH model (TREM-1: p < 0.001; TREM-2: p < 0.001).Compared with HFO group, HFOG group with an extra 5% Glycine into the diet of NASH, we found that all model liver pathologic and serum indexes ameliorated in this group. Furthermore, Results from Q-PCR and ELISA study showed that compareaded with HFO group, TREM-2 of this group is upregulated and TREM-1 is downregulated respectively from the 4(th) weekend, which is more significant at the 8(th) weekend (TREM-1: p <0.001; TREM-2: p =0.048). Pearson correlation showed that TREM-1 and TREM-2 were closely associated with serum ET, TNF-α, TLR-4 and PC III. Besides, using multiple-stepwise regression analysis, we found that the ameliorative effects of glycine in HFOG was mainly related to its counteraction of PC III, TREM-1 and upregulation of TREM-2. Furthermore, we detected the expression of TREM-1 and TREM-2 in gall stone patients without drinking excessively before undergoing cholecystectomy, and found that the rise of TREM-1 and reduction of TREM-2 was close associated with the severity of fatty liver. To conclude, our results support the concept that TREM-1 and TREM-2 were close strongly linked to NASH and NALFD. Glycine can relieve NASH by its anti-fibrosis effect, and this ameliorative effect is related to the expression change of TREM-1/2 to some extent.
Atomizer: a dynamic atomicity checker for multithreaded programs (summary) (2004)

Summary form only given. Ensuring the correctness of multithreaded programs is difficult, due to the potential for unexpected interactions between concurrent threads. We focus on the fundamental noninterference property of atomicity and present a dynamic analysis for detecting atomicity violations. This analysis combines ideas from both Lipton 's theory of reduction and earlier dynamic race detectors such as Eraser. Experimental results demonstrate that this dynamic atomicity analysis is effective for detecting errors due to unintended interactions between threads. In addition, the majority of methods in our benchmarks are atomic, supporting our hypothesis that atomicity is a standard methodology in multithreaded programming.
Rapid Monoclonal Antibody Generation Via Dendritic Cell Targeting In Vivo (2003)

Dendritic cells (DC) are the professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. Previous studies have demonstrated that targeting foreign antigens to DC leads to enhanced antigen (Ag)-specific responses in vivo. However, the utility of this strategy for the generation of MAbs has not been investigated. To address this question we immunized mice with IgG-peptide conjugates prepared with the hamster anti-murine CD11c MAb N418. Synthetic peptides corresponding to two different exposed regions of DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), a human C-type lectin, were conjugated to N418 using thiol-based chemistry. The N418 MAb served as the targeting molecule and synthetic peptides as the Ag (MAb-Ag). A rapid and peptide specific serum IgG response was produced by Day 7 when the synthetic peptides were linked to the N418 MAb, compared to peptide co-delivered with the N418 without linkage. Spleen cells from N418-peptide immunized mice were fused on Day 10, and three IgG1/k monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were selected to one of the peptide epitopes (MID-peptide). One of the MAbs, Novik 2, bound to two forms of recombinant DC-SIGN protein in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and was specifically inhibited by the MID-peptide in solution. Two of these MAbs show specific binding to DC-SIGN expressed by cultured human primary DC. We conclude that in vivo DC targeting enhances the immunogenicity of synthetic peptides and is an effective method for the rapid generation of MAbs to predetermined epitopes.
Deep Domain Adaptation under Deep Label Scarcity (2018)

The goal behind Domain Adaptation (DA) is to leverage the labeled examples from a source domain so as to infer an accurate model in a target domain where labels are not available or in scarce at the best. A state-of-the-art approach for the DA is due to (Ganin et al. 2016), known as DANN, where they attempt to induce a common representation of source and target domains via adversarial training. This approach requires a large number of labeled examples from the source domain to be able to infer a good model for the target domain. However, in many situations obtaining labels in the source domain is expensive which results in deteriorated performance of DANN and limits its applicability in such scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to overcome this limitation. In our work, we first establish that DANN reduces the original DA problem into a semi-supervised learning problem over the space of common representation. Next, we propose a learning approach, namely TransDANN, that amalgamates adversarial learning and transductive learning to mitigate the detrimental impact of limited source labels and yields improved performance. Experimental results (both on text and images) show a significant boost in the performance of TransDANN over DANN under such scenarios. We also provide theoretical justification for the performance boost.
Diagnostic imaging of human neuroblastoma with radiolabeled antibody. (1986)

In a previous study, the authors showed that iodine-131 labeled monoclonal antibody (Mab 3F8) could be used to image human neuroblastoma xenografts in mice with excellent tumor-to-tissue ratios. In this study they report their experience with six patients scanned with radiolabeled 3F8. There was strong accumulation of the labeled antibody in viable tumor, but no significant uptake was noted in normal brain, liver, spleen, or adrenal glands. Tumor-to-nontumor activity ratios varied but were approximately 10:1-20:1. This ratio yields good contrast for visualization. Time-activity curves show that radioactivity levels in normal tissue have a half-time of about 40 hours, whereas tumor tissues show a half-time of about 60 hours. Significant gastric secretion of free iodine demonstrated that the Mab was being deiodinated. Calculated radiation doses indicate that tumors receive at least ten times the dose to other tissues. The results indicate that Mab 3F8 has clinical potential for both imaging and therapy of human neuroblastomas.
Expression of NGF family and their receptors in gastric carcinoma: A cDNA microarray study (2003)

Down-regulated expression of NGF family and their receptors Trk family mRNA in gastric cancer is confirmed. NGF family and their receptors Trk family probably play a unique role in gastric cancer cell apoptosis by a novel Ras or Raf signal transduction pathway. Their synchronous effects are closely associated with occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma induced by reduction of signal transduction of programmed cell death.
Scaffold Attachment Region-Mediated Enhancement of Retroviral Vector Expression in Primary T Cells (1998)

We have studied retroviral transgene expression in primary human lymphocytes. Our data demonstrate that transgene expression is high in activated primary CD4+ T cells but significantly decreased in mitotically quiescent cells. Incorporation of a DNA fragment from the scaffold attachment region (SAR) of the human beta interferon gene into the vector improved transgene expression, particularly in quiescent cells. The SAR element functioned in an orientation-dependent manner and enhanced expression of Moloney murine leukemia virus- and murine embryonic stem cell-based vectors. Clonal analysis of transduced T cells showed that the SAR sequence did not confer position-independent expression on a transgene but rather prevented the decrease of expression when cells became quiescent. The SAR sequence also enhanced transgene expression in T cells generated from retrovirally transduced CD34-enriched hematopoietic progenitor-stem cells in a SCID-hu thymus-liver mouse model. We have used the SAR-containing retroviral vector to express the RevM10 gene, a trans-dominant mutant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev gene. Compared to a standard retroviral vector, the SAR-containing vector was up to 2 orders of magnitude more efficient in inhibiting replication of the HIV-1 virus in infected CD4+ peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in vitro. This is the first demonstration that SAR elements can be used to improve retroviral vector expression in human primary T cells.
Modern Complement Analysis (2003)

Complement, as a vital part of the body's immune system, provides a highly effective means for the destruction of invading microorganisms and for immune complex elimination (for reviews, see references 77 and 78).Through activation and interaction with its respective receptors on various immune cells, complement is closely linked to the adaptive immune response.A normally functioning complement system is also required for physiological tissue regeneration and repair (37).Thus, complement defects (Table 1) increase the susceptibility to infection and, if classical pathway components are affected, are frequently associated with autoimmune disorders (11).Protection against complement-mediated tissue destruction is provided by various soluble and membrane-bound regulatory proteins (Fig. 1) (51).Defects in this regulation may therefore lead to serious disorders due to unrestricted activation.In addition, as a key mediator of inflammation, complement also significantly contributes to tissue damage in various clinical disorders (50,76).The present paper briefly reviews clinical indications for complement analysis and gives an overview on current methods in routine and experimental complement diagnostics.
Low threshold planarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (1990)

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers fabricated utilizing a self-aligned process to provide planarized contacts are discussed. A single 80-AA In/sub 0.2/Ga/sub 0.8/As strained quantum well was used in the active region. Emission was at 963 nm. Threshold currents under continuous-wave room temperature operation of 1.1 mA, at 4.0-V bias, were measured for numerous 12- mu m*12- mu m devices. Corresponding threshold current densities were 800 A/cm/sup 2/ (600 A/cm/sup 2/ for broad area devices). These are the lowest figures yet reported for this type of device. It was found that grading of the mirror had a marked effect on mirror resistance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Romanços de captius en els segles XVII i XVIII (2007)

Els romancos son textos versificats, pensats per esser cantats o relatats. Foren transmesos per via oral per poetes, joglars i trobadors, i a partir de l’aparicio de l’impremta, a mes, es transmeteren a traves del paper impres, ja fos en forma de recull, com els romancers, o en forma de plec sol. Aquest darrer era de mida quart i normalment la seva extensio era de quatre pagines, encara que podia tenir-ne mes. A partir dels primers anys del segle XVIII tambe se n’imprimiren en mida foli. 
Els temes que tractaven els romancos eren tant diversos, que es pot dir que els abastaven tots, pero sobretot els noticiables i actuals, per aixo es diu que han estat els precursors dels periodics. Gairebe tots anaven acompanyats d’algun gravat que facilitava la seva comprensio i ajudava a la seva venda.
Synchronous metadata management of large storage systems (2010)

Today filesystems of big companies are both huge and distributed amongst the world. They contain huge sets of metadata, but are not optimized to analyze them. In contrast, if metadata is stored in a database system and updated synchronously, it could be analyzed and processed in a much easier and straightforward way. Then even adding new attributes, not natively supported by the underlying filesystem, is easily possible. Thus, synchronous metadata storage in a database system can help managing and administrating huge filesystems efficiently but must not slow down the filesystem significantly. The aim of this paper is to describe possible solutions for synchronous metadata storage, inspect how such an integration of filesystem and database system might look like and evaluate the performance.
Role of High-Dose Chemotherapy With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Rescue in the Treatment of Metastatic or Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma (2001)

Based on these data, there does not appear to be a significant advantage to undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with HSCR for patients with relapsed or refractory high-risk RMS. Clearly, there is a need for incorporating new treatment strategies for patients with high-risk RMS.
Beyond Shared Hierarchies: Deep Multitask Learning through Soft Layer Ordering (2017)

Existing deep multitask learning (MTL) approaches align layers shared between tasks in a parallel ordering. Such an organization significantly constricts the types of shared structure that can be learned. The necessity of parallel ordering for deep MTL is first tested by comparing it with permuted ordering of shared layers. The results indicate that a flexible ordering can enable more effective sharing, thus motivating the development of a soft ordering approach, which learns how shared layers are applied in different ways for different tasks. Deep MTL with soft ordering outperforms parallel ordering methods across a series of domains. These results suggest that the power of deep MTL comes from learning highly general building blocks that can be assembled to meet the demands of each task.
Electrical conductivity by the bis(1,3-dithiole)-bis(1,3-dithiolium) system (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrical conductivity by the bis(1,3-dithiole)-bis(1,3-dithiolium) systemFred Wudl, Darold Wobschall, and Earl J. HufnagelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 2, 670–672Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00757a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00757a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1763Altmetric-Citations250LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolism of99mPertechnetate by the Thyroid Gland of the Rat1 (1967)

The thyroidal metabolism of 99mpertechnetate (TcO4−) was studied after administration of the isotope to rats in vivo or after incubation of excised rat thyroids with the isotope in vitro. In both types of experiment, thyroids actively concentrated TcO4−. Electrophoretic and chromatographic analyses of homogenates prepared from thyroids after exposure to the isotope revealed both free TcO4− identical n i mobility to the original isotope, and a new immobile form of the isotope which remained at the origin (origin material, OM). Formation of OM was not inhibited by conventional doses of inhibitors of the organification of iodide, and OM often comprised as much as 70% of total accumulated technetium (Tc). OM was resistant to digestion by Pronase and 6n HCl; exposure to 2n NaOH resulted only in the release of free TcO4−. Thyroid/medium (T/M) and thyroid/serum (T/S) concentration ratios for free TcO4− were increased by feeding low iodine diets or by chronic administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) in Purina Chow. Ratios were decreased by chronic thyroxine (T4) administration, diets rich in iodine, incubation of excised thyroids in media enriched with stable iodide and by chronic administration of PTU in a low iodine diet. In all experiments, concentration ratios for free TcO4− were qualitatively similar to those expected if iodide were the substrate instead. In 2 studies in which concentration ratios for both 99mTcO4− and 131I − were simultaneously determined, ratios of the T/M values for TcO4− and I− were not constant and varied by as much as 50% in thyroids from animals of different experimental groups. It is concluded that measurements of TcO4− transport may be used as a qualitative, but not quantitative, index of alterations in the activity of the thyroidal iodide transport mechanism. In view of the invariable generation of a chromatographically and electrophoretically immobile product from free TcO4−, even qualitative studies require the application of separative techniques. (Endocrinology80: 337, 1967)
A Test of Neutrality Based on Interlocus Associations (1997)

The evolutionary processes governing variability within genomic regions of low recombination have been the focus of many studies. Here, I investigate the statistical properties of a measure of interlocus genetic associations under the assumption that mutations are selectively neutral and sites are completely linked. This measure, denoted ZnS, is based on the squared correlation of allelic identity at pairs of polymorphic sites. Upper bounds for ZnS are determined by simulations. Various deviations from the neutral model, including several different forms of natural selection, will inflate the value of ZnS relative to its neutral theory expectations. Larger than expected values of ZnS are observed in genetic samples from the yellow-ac-scute and Adh regions of Drosophila melanogaster.
Acquired IFNγ resistance impairs anti-tumor immunity and gives rise to T-cell-resistant melanoma lesions (2017)

Melanoma treatment has been revolutionized by antibody-based immunotherapies. IFNγ secretion by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells is critical for therapy efficacy having anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on tumour cells. Our study demonstrates a genetic evolution of IFNγ resistance in different melanoma patient models. Chromosomal alterations and subsequent inactivating mutations in genes of the IFNγ signalling cascade, most often JAK1 or JAK2, protect melanoma cells from anti-tumour IFNγ activity. JAK1/2 mutants further evolve into T-cell-resistant HLA class I-negative lesions with genes involved in antigen presentation silenced and no longer inducible by IFNγ. Allelic JAK1/2 losses predisposing to IFNγ resistance development are frequent in melanoma. Subclones harbouring inactivating mutations emerge under various immunotherapies but are also detectable in pre-treatment biopsies. Our data demonstrate that JAK1/2 deficiency protects melanoma from anti-tumour IFNγ activity and results in T-cell-resistant HLA class I-negative lesions. Screening for mechanisms of IFNγ resistance should be considered in therapeutic decision-making.
Phase 1b Study of IGF-Methotrexate Conjugate in the Treatment of High-grade Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2020)

In conclusion, IGF-MTX at 0.20 μM equivalents per kg was well tolerated, caused no cytopenia, and produced stable disease and extension of life.
Heat‐shock and general stress response in Bacillus subtilis (1996)

The induction of stress proteins is an important component of the adaptional network of a non-growing cell of Bacillus subtilis. A diverse range of stresses such as heat shock, salt stress, ethanol, starvation for oxygen or nutrients etc. induce the same set of proteins, called general stress proteins. Although the adaptive functions of these proteins are largely unknown, they are proposed to provide general and rather non-specific protection of the cell under these adverse conditions. In addition to these non-specific general stress proteins, all extracellular signals induce a set of specific stress proteins that may confer specific protection against a particular stress factor. In B. subtilis at least three different classes of heat-inducible genes can be defined by their common regulatory characteristics: Class I genes, as exemplified by the dnaK and groE operons, are most efficiently induced by heat stress. Their expression involves a sigma A-dependent promoter, an inverted repeat (called the CIRCE element) highly conserved among eubacteria, and probably a repressor interacting with the CIRCE element. The majority of general stress genes (class II, more than 40) are induced at sigma B-dependent promoters by different growth-inhibiting conditions. The activation of sigma B by stress or starvation is the crucial event in the induction of this large stress regulon. Only a few genes, including Ion, clpC, clpP, and ftsH, can respond to different stress factors independently of sigma B or CIRCE (class III). Stress induction of these genes occurs at promoters presumably recognized by sigma A and probably involves additional regulatory elements which remain to be defined.
The roles of binding site arrangement and combinatorial targeting in microRNA repression of gene expression (2007)

Our data show that the rules governing miRNA targeting are complex, but that understanding the mechanisms that drive such control can uncover miRNAs' role in disease. Our study suggests that the number and arrangement of miRNA recognition sites can influence the degree and specificity of miRNA-mediated gene repression.
Nanomechanical mapping with resonance tracking scanned probe microscope (2007)

We present a new digital-signal-processor-based resonance tracking system for scanned probe microscopy (SPM) imaging. The system was developed to enable quantitative imaging of mechanical properties with nanoscale spatial resolution at practical data acquisition rates. It consists of a 32-bit floating-point digital signal processor connected to a high-resolution audio coder/decoder subsystem, an rms-to-dc converter and a voltage-controlled oscillator. These components are used in conjunction with a commercial atomic force microscope to create a versatile platform for SPM mechanical mapping. Images of a glass-fibre/polymer matrix composite sample are presented to demonstrate system performance.
Vaccinia virus-mediated intra-tumoral expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 enhances oncolysis of PC-3 xenograft tumors (2012)

Taken together, these results indicate that a GLV-1h255-mediated intra-tumoral over-expression of MMP-9 leads to a degradation of collagen IV, facilitating intra-tumoral viral dissemination, and resulting in accelerated tumor regression. We propose that approaches which enhance the oncolytic effect by increasing the intra-tumoral viral load, may be an effective way to improve therapeutic outcome.