gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of microsurgical tasks with OCT-guided and/or robot-assisted ophthalmic forceps (2015)

Real-time intraocular optical coherence tomography (OCT) visualization of tissues with surgical feedback can enhance retinal surgery. An intraocular 23-gauge B-mode forward-imaging co-planar OCT-forceps, coupling connectors and algorithms were developed to form a unique ophthalmic surgical robotic system. Approach to the surface of a phantom or goat retina by a manual or robotic-controlled forceps, with and without real-time OCT guidance, was performed. Efficiency of lifting phantom membranes was examined. Placing the co-planar OCT imaging probe internal to the surgical tool reduced instrument shadowing and permitted constant tracking. Robotic assistance together with real-time OCT feedback improved depth perception accuracy. The first-generation integrated OCT-forceps was capable of peeling membrane phantoms despite smooth tips.
Evolving a diversity of virtual creatures through novelty search and local competition (2011)

An ambitious challenge in artificial life is to craft an evolutionary process that discovers a wide diversity of well-adapted virtual creatures within a single run. Unlike in nature, evolving creatures in virtual worlds tend to converge to a single morphology because selection therein greedily rewards the morphology that is easiest to exploit. However, novelty search, a technique that explicitly rewards diverging, can potentially mitigate such convergence. Thus in this paper an existing creature evolution platform is extended with multi-objective search that balances drives for both novelty and performance. However, there are different ways to combine performance-driven search and novelty search. The suggested approach is to provide evolution with both a novelty objective that encourages diverse morphologies and a local competition objective that rewards individuals outperforming those most similar in morphology. The results in an experiment evolving locomoting virtual creatures show that novelty search with local competition discovers more functional morphological diversity within a single run than models with global competition, which are more predisposed to converge. The conclusions are that novelty search with local competition may complement recent advances in evolving virtual creatures and may in general be a principled approach to combining novelty search with pressure to achieve.
Desensitized halfband interpolation filters (2007)

A new structure for implementing halfband filters is presented. It is shown to yield simpler interpolation systems for which the filter's sensitivity to filter-tap coefficients is reduced from that possessed by conventional implementations.
Colonial variation and fimbriation ofActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (1990)

Three colonial variants of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which formed transparent rough (TR)-, transparent smooth (TS)-, and opaque smooth (OS)-surfaced colonies, were described in relation to their fimbriation. TR- and TS-cells were adhesive to agar and glass surfaces but not the OS-cells. The examination by electron microscopy revealed that TR-cells were highly fimbriated but not TS- and OS-cells. Thus, TS-cells seemed to be an intermediate type. The fimbriae were isolated from TR-cells by suspending in 0.15 M ethanolamine-HCl buffer (pH 10.5) and purified by dissolving non-fimbrial components in 0.5% deoxycholate and 0.7% n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside. The relative molecular mass of the fimbrial subunit protein was 54 000.
Asymmetric Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Enamides with a Chiral 1,4-Bisphosphine Bearing Diphenylphosphino Groups (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAsymmetric Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Enamides with a Chiral 1,4-Bisphosphine Bearing Diphenylphosphino GroupsGuoxin Zhu and Xumu ZhangView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 25, 9590–9593Publication Date (Web):November 18, 1998Publication History Received7 August 1998Published online18 November 1998Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo981612thttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo981612tbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1136Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Hydrogenation,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Structural comparison of anticancer drug-DNA complexes: adriamycin and daunomycin (1990)

The anticancer drugs adriamycin and daunomycin have each been crystallized with the DNA sequence d(CGATCG) and the three-dimensional structures of the complexes solved at 1.7- and 1.5-A resolution, respectively. These antitumor drugs have significantly different clinical properties, yet they differ chemically by only the additional hydroxyl at C14 of adriamycin. In these complexes the chromophore is intercalated at the CpG steps at either end of the DNA helix with the amino sugar extended into the minor groove. Solution of the structure of daunomycin bound to d(CGATCG) has made it possible to compare it with the previously reported structure of daunomycin bound to d(CGTACG). Although the two daunomycin complexes are similar, there is an interesting sequence dependence of the binding of the amino sugar to the A-T base pair outside the intercalation site. The complex of daunomycin with d(CGATCG) has tighter binding than the complex with d(CGTACG), leading us to infer a sequence preference in the binding of this anthracycline drug. The structures of daunomycin and adriamycin with d(CGATCG) are very similar. However, there are additional solvent interactions with the adriamycin C14 hydroxyl linking it to the DNA. Surprisingly, under the influence of the altered solvation, there is considerable difference in the conformation of spermine in these two complexes. The observed changes in the overall structures of the ternary complexes amplify the small chemical differences between these two antibiotics and provide a possible explanation for the significantly different clinical activities of these important drugs.
Design of an Implantable Antenna Feasibility Study for Continuous Glucose Monitoring (2013)

The objective of this research was to design a patch antenna for communication with medical implants in the 402-405 MHz Medical Implant Communications Services band (MICS). Imbedded antennas used for biomedical telemetry such as cardiac pacemakers have been previously demonstrated for use either as sensing elements or as components of a wireless communication system. Designing an implanted antenna as a sensor is rather less di cult since the resonant frequency is seen to shift by changes in dielectric properties of the surrounding implanted areas affected by glucose levels. Based on our previous work of tissue characterization, an analytical technique can be developed to negate this frequency shift due to the change of permittivity and conductivity, from which the glucose levels are determined. This paper presents an antenna design used for communication from the implant to an external receiver, regardless of human tissue characterization. Using the genetic algorithm (GA) and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, the antenna is designed to have minimal detuning due to changes in blood glucose level. In this study, single and stacked nonhomogenous body layer for better performance were determined.
Cardiac elav-type RNA-binding protein (ETR-3) binds to RNA CUG repeats expanded in myotonic dystrophy (1999)

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a neuromuscular disorder associated with CTG triplet repeat expansion in the myotonin protein kinase gene ( DMPK ). We previously proposed a hypothesis suggesting that the expanded CUG repeats sequester specific RNA-binding proteins and that such a sequestration results in abnormal RNA processing of several RNAs containing CUG repeats in multiple tissues affected in patients with DM. One of the members of the CUG-binding proteins, CUG-BP, has been identified previously. Here we describe the second member of this family, elav -type ribonucleoprotein (ETR-3), which is highly expressed in heart and is able to interact with CUG repeats. Screening of a mouse liver cDNA library with a CUG-BP probe identified two mETR-3 cDNAs. Two additional cDNAs from mouse heart were amplified by RT-PCR. These cDNAs differ by several insertions/deletions and might be generated via alternative splicing. Mouse ETR-3 has a mol. wt of 50 kDa and displays a high level of homology to CUG-BP protein. The organization of the RNA-binding domains (RBDs) within the ETR-3 molecule is similar to one within CUG-BP. A study of mETR-3 RNA-binding activity showed that the mETR-3 binds to (CUG)8repeats. Sequence analysis of mETR-3 indicates the presence of several CUG repeats within the mETR-3 mRNA. Both CUG-BP and mETR-3 bind to mETR-3 mRNA via CUG repeats, suggesting the possible involvement of CUG-BP-like proteins in the regulation of mETR-3 processing. Analysis of the tissue distribution of ETR-3 showed that in human cells, ETR-3 mRNA is highly expressed in heart, but is undetectable in other tissues examined. Our results suggest the existence of a family of proteins that bind to CUG repeats and might be affected in DM by expansion of CUG repeats.
Generating phonetic cognates to handle named entities in English-Chinese cross-language spoken document retrieval (2005)

We have developed a technique for automatic transliteration of named entities for English-Chinese cross-language spoken document retrieval (CL-SDR). Our retrieval system integrates machine translation, speech recognition and information retrieval technologies. An English news story forms a textual query that is automatically translated into Chinese words, which are mapped into Mandarin syllables by pronunciation dictionary lookup. Mandarin radio news broadcasts form spoken documents that are indexed by word and syllable recognition. The information retrieval engine performs matching in both word and syllable scales. The English queries contain many named entities that tend to be out-of-vocabulary words for machine translation and speech recognition, and are omitted in retrieval. Names are often transliterated across languages and are generally important for retrieval. We present a technique that takes in a name spelling and automatically generates a phonetic cognate in terms of Chinese syllables to be used in retrieval. Experiments show consistent retrieval performance improvement by including the use of named entities in this way.
GWquasiparticle band structures of stibnite, antimonselite, bismuthinite, and guanajuatite (2013)

We present first-principles calculations of the quasiparticle band structures of four isostructural semiconducting metal chalcogenides ${A}_{2}{B}_{3}$ (with $A$ = Sb, Bi and $B$ = S, Se) of the stibnite family within the ${G}_{0}{W}_{0}$ approach. We perform extensive convergence tests and identify a sensitivity of the quasiparticle corrections to the structural parameters and to the semicore $d$ electrons. Our calculations indicate that all four chalcogenides exhibit direct band gaps, if we exclude some indirect transitions marginally below the direct gap. Relativistic spin-orbit effects are evaluated for the Kohn-Sham band structures, and included as scissor corrections in the quasiparticle band gaps. Our calculated band gaps are 1.5 eV (Sb${}_{2}$S${}_{3}$), 1.3 eV (Sb${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$), 1.4 eV (Bi${}_{2}$S${}_{3}$), and 0.9 eV (Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$). By comparing our calculated gaps with the ideal Shockley-Queisser value we find that all four chalcogenides are promising as light sensitizers for nanostructured photovoltaics.
Learning from Binary Labels with Instance-Dependent Corruption (2016)

Suppose we have a sample of instances paired with binary labels corrupted by arbitrary instance- and label-dependent noise. With sufficiently many such samples, can we optimally classify and rank instances with respect to the noise-free distribution? We provide a theoretical analysis of this question, with three main contributions. First, we prove that for instance-dependent noise, any algorithm that is consistent for classification on the noisy distribution is also consistent on the clean distribution. Second, we prove that for a broad class of instance- and label-dependent noise, a similar consistency result holds for the area under the ROC curve. Third, for the latter noise model, when the noise-free class-probability function belongs to the generalised linear model family, we show that the Isotron can efficiently and provably learn from the corrupted sample.
Pressure-induced variation of persistent luminescence characteristics in Y3Al5−xGaxO12:Ce3+–M3+(M = Yb, and Cr) phosphors: opposite trend of trap depth for 4f and 3d metal ions (2020)

Changing the electronic structure of materials by pressure and the accompanying changes in optical properties have attracted scientific interest. We have reported that the energy position of the conduction band (CB) bottom and the crystal field splitting of the Ce3+:5d excited level in Y3Al5-xGaxO12:Ce3+ are changed by applying pressure, which results in the red shifting of the Ce3+:5d → 4f luminescence and the increase of the quenching temperature. We also reported dramatic improvement of the persistent luminescence performance by either Cr3+ or Yb3+ codoping into the Y3Al5-xGaxO12:Ce3+ phosphors. The different trap depths formed by Cr3+ and Yb3+ affect the initial persistent luminescence intensity and the persistent luminescence duration. In this study, the effect of pressure on the persistent luminescence performance was investigated. For the Y3AlGa4O12:Ce3+-Yb3+ phosphor, the slope of persistent luminescence decay curve becomes more gentle with increasing pressure, while for the Y3AlGa4O12:Ce3+-Cr3+ phosphor the slope becomes steeper. These results indicate that the trap depth of Yb3+ becomes deeper and that of Cr3+ becomes shallower with increasing pressure. Based on the pressure-dependence of the luminescence quenching and the trap depth change estimated from the decay slopes, the relative electronic energies of the CB bottom and the Yb2+ (4f14) or Cr2+ (3d4) levels are discussed. The CB bottom energy is increased relative to the ground 1S0 state of Yb2+ with increasing pressure, which results in deepening of the electron trap depth of the Yb2+ state. The opposite tendency of the Cr3+ codoped sample was described by a decreasing tendency of the energy gap between the CB bottom and the Cr2+:eg level, the relative energy level of which is increased by the increase of the crystal field with increasing pressure in the garnet host material, where the electron-trapping Cr2+ ions take the high spin state (t32ge1g) rather than the low-spin state (t42g).
Cyclic AMP-independent ATF family members interact with NF-kappa B and function in the activation of the E-selectin promoter in response to cytokines. (1993)

We previously reported that NF-kappa B and a complex we referred to as NF-ELAM1 play a central role in cytokine-induced expression of the E-selectin gene. In this study we identify cyclic AMP (cAMP)-independent members of the ATF family binding specifically to the NF-ELAM1 promoter element. The NF-ELAM1 element (TGACATCA) differs by a single nucleotide substitution from the cAMP-responsive element consensus sequence. We demonstrate that this sequence operates in a cAMP-independent manner to induce transcription and thus define it as a non-cAMP-responsive element (NCRE). We show that ATFa is a component of the NF-ELAM1 complex and its overexpression activates the E-selectin promoter. In addition, ATFa, ATF2, and ATF3 interact directly with NF-kappa B in vitro, linking two unrelated families of transcription factors in a novel protein-protein interaction. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ability of overexpressed NF-kappa B to transactivate the E-selectin promoter in vivo is dependent on the NF-ELAM1 complex. Our results suggest that a direct interaction between ATFs and NF-kappa B is, at least in part, the mechanism by which these factors specifically regulate E-selectin promoter activity.
Ostwald ripening of binary alloy particles (2011)

Classical Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner theory is generalized for Ostwald ripening of particles composed of random binary alloy. We show that the steady state ripening process is characterized by self-similar particle size and composition distributions. The shape of particle size distribution depends on whether the process is diffusion controlled (Lifshitz-Slyozov) or reaction controlled (Wagner) and is consistent with the predictions of classical theory for one-component materials. The steady state composition distribution, in contrast, has the same functional form in both extreme cases featuring a universal dependence of the composition upon particle size. We also found that transients in particle's composition can be very quick resulting in a steady state distribution well before it is reached by particles sizes. These transients involve significant changes in particle sizes and open an opportunity for producing metastable particle size distributions of required shape.
Expression of functional PDGF β receptors in a human large‐cell lung‐carcinoma cell line (1993)

In this study we have investigated a panel of lung-cancer cell lines, both of small-cell carcinoma and non-small-cell type, for the expression of receptors for platelet-derived growth factor. Although we found mRNA expression for the beta-type receptor on one small-cell and one non-small-cell line and alpha-type receptor mRNA expression on one small-cell-cancer cell line, only the beta receptors of the non-small-cell line (H-157) proved to be functional. Thus, the cell line H-157 displayed specific binding of 125I-PDGF-BB in addition to mRNA expression of the 6-kb transcript for the PDGF beta type receptor. Further evidence for the presence of functional PDGF beta receptors in H-157 cells was obtained from an in vitro kinase assay, which demonstrated a ligand-induced receptor autophosphorylation as well as the phosphorylation of a number of potential substrates associated with the activated receptor.
Ginseng Therapy in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients: Effects on psychophysical performance, glucose homeostasis, serum lipids, serum aminoterminalpropeptide concentration, and body weight (1995)

Ginseng may be a useful therapeutic adjunct in the management of NIDDM.
Location, Location, Location (2004)

One of the notable advances in biomedical research has been the application of recombinant DNA techniques to establish the association of human diseases and genetic mutations, beginning with the mapping of the Huntington's disease gene to chromosome 4 two decades ago. On the other hand, filling in the causal links between a nucleotide change (or insertion or deletion) and the outward manifestation of dysfunction has not always been as rapid as anticipated. In particular, it has been challenging to explain how different mutations in the same gene can yield distinct phenotypes.
Flow cytometric detection of unbalanced ram spermatozoa from heterozygous 1;20 translocation carriers (1993)

Flow cytometric analysis of enzymatically decon-densed, DAPI-stained spermatozoa was performed to confirm the suspected production of unbalanced spermatozoa in heterozygous rams carrying a 1;20 translocation. High-precision flow cytometry (coefficient of variation, 0.6–0.8 %) with a PAS II flow cytometer depicted Y- and X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa from three cytogenetically normal rams as two distinct peaks. The difference in DNA fluorescence intensity between the gonosomes averaged 4.8 %. Analysis of sperm samples from three heterozygous 1;20 translocation carriers yielded histograms with five peak distributions. The individual peaks were attributed to spermatozoa with a normal, balanced, and unbalanced chromosomal status. Peaks within Y- and X-spermatozoa populations were distributed in a ratio of 1:2:1 and were almost completely separated, with a coefficient of variation of 0.5–0.6%. Owing to the relative size of the translocated chromosomal segment (2.4% of the total DNA content, as determined from the flow cytometric data), histograms with five instead of the expected six peaks were observed.
P‐67: Chip on Glass Bonding Using StressedMetal™ Technology (2005)

Abstract Chip‐on‐glass (COG) interconnections require finer pitch to handle denser displays with more integrated driver chips, particularly for mobile devices. We report recent developments utilizing tiny micro‐machined springs to replace ACF (anisotropic conductive film). Liquid, ultraviolet light‐cured adhesives permit the attachment of chips to the glass without heating. We fabricated and tested daisy chain test vehicles with 800 spring contacts on 20 μm pitch.
On the Development of Colloidal Nanoparticles towards Multifunctional Structures and their Possible Use for Biological Applications (2004)

In this Review, we describe the synthesis of high-quality colloidal nanoparticles in organic solvents, the mechanisms by which they can be transferred into aqueous solution, and some of their applications in biology. In particular, we will place emphasis on the creation of multifunctional nanoparticles or nanoparticle assemblies.
Acquisition of m-sequences using recursive soft sequential estimation (2004)

A novel sequential estimation method is proposed for the initial synchronization of pseudonoise (PN) signals derived from m-sequences. This sequential estimation method is designed based on the principle of iterative soft-in-soft-out (SISO) decoding, and hence we refer to it as the recursive soft sequential estimation (RSEE) acquisition scheme. The RSSE acquisition scheme exhibits a complexity similar to that of a conventional m-sequence generator, which increases only linearly with the number of stages in the m-sequence generator. Furthermore, our simulation results show that the acquisition time of the proposed RSEE acquisition scheme is also linearly dependent on the number of stages in the m-sequence generator. Hence, the employment of the proposed RSEE acquisition scheme is beneficial for employment in the acquisition of long m-sequences.