gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of rapamycin, RS-61443 and cyclophosphamide in the prolongation of survival of discordant pig to rabbit cardiac xenografts. (1994)

The data suggest that treatment modalities, in addition to the above drugs, is required for prolonged survival in cardiac xenografts in the discordant animal model used here.
Immunotherapy of chronic hepatitis C virus infection with antibodies against programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) persistence is facilitated by exhaustion of CD8+ T cells that express the inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). Blockade of PD-1 signaling improves in vitro proliferation of HCV-specific T lymphocytes, but whether antiviral function can be restored in infected individuals is unknown. To address this question, chimpanzees with persistent HCV infection were treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. A significant reduction in HCV viremia was observed in one of three treated animals without apparent hepatocellular injury. Viremia rebounded in the responder animal when antibody treatment was discontinued. Control of HCV replication was associated with restoration of intrahepatic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immunity against multiple HCV proteins. The responder animal had a history of broader T-cell immunity to multiple HCV proteins than the two chimpanzees that did not respond to PD-1 therapy. The results suggest that successful PD-1 blockade likely requires a critical threshold of preexisting virus-specific T cells in liver and warrants consideration of therapeutic vaccination strategies in combination with PD-1 blockade to broaden narrow responses. Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy may also facilitate control of other persistent viruses, notably the hepatitis B virus where options for long-term control of virus replication are limited.
Coronavirus Pathogenesis and the Emerging Pathogen Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (2005)

Coronaviruses are a family of enveloped, single-stranded, positive-strand RNA viruses classified within the Nidovirales order. This coronavirus family consists of pathogens of many animal species and of humans, including the recently isolated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). This review is divided into two main parts; the first concerns the animal coronaviruses and their pathogenesis, with an emphasis on the functions of individual viral genes, and the second discusses the newly described human emerging pathogen, SARS-CoV. The coronavirus part covers (i) a description of a group of coronaviruses and the diseases they cause, including the prototype coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus, which is one of the recognized animal models for multiple sclerosis, as well as viruses of veterinary importance that infect the pig, chicken, and cat and a summary of the human viruses; (ii) a short summary of the replication cycle of coronaviruses in cell culture; (iii) the development and application of reverse genetics systems; and (iv) the roles of individual coronavirus proteins in replication and pathogenesis. The SARS-CoV part covers the pathogenesis of SARS, the developing animal models for infection, and the progress in vaccine development and antiviral therapies. The data gathered on the animal coronaviruses continue to be helpful in understanding SARS-CoV.
Recognition of P and T waves in electrocardiograms using fuzzy theory (2002)

This paper presents a fuzzy theory based pattern recognition technique for the correct identification of P and T waves. The candidate P or T waves are selected from the background of noisy peaks. The fuzzy membership of each peak is calculated using their average peak-to-peak amplitude, total energy and incremental energy. The method has a success rate of about 94%.
Molecular cloning and characterization of human FGF8 alternative messenger RNA forms. (1996)

Three alternatively spliced mRNA isoforms of the human fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF8) gene, expressed in a prostatic carcinoma cell line, have been isolated as cDNA clones and characterized by DNA sequencing. The clones, designated FGF8a, FGF8b, and FGF8e, differ from each other at the NH2-terminal region of the mature proteins and share extensive nucleotide sequence homology in the protein coding region to the corresponding mouse cDNA isoforms that were previously reported. FGF8a and FGF8b exhibit identical amino acid sequences to those of their murine counterparts. FGF8e displays partial sequence variation from the corresponding mouse clone only in the extra exon sequence found in this isoform in both species. There is extensive sequence diversity between FGF8 (human) and Fgf8 (murine) genes in the 3'-untranslated region of the mRNAs. Northern blot analyses revealed FGF8 mRNA expression only in fetal kidney tissue among the various fetal and adult human tissues tested. The reverse transcription-PCR amplification method, however, detected FGF8 mRNA expression in adult prostate, kidney, and testes (the tissues that were tested) and in all normal and tumor prostatic epithelial cell lines examined; although expression of both FGF8a and FGF8b was seen in kidney and testes, FGF8b appeared to be the predominantly expressed species in the prostatic tissue and cell lines analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR. To address the biological effect of specific isoform expression, NIH3T3 cells were transfected with a eukaryotic expression vector containing cDNA for FGF8a, FGF8b, or FGF8e. Consistent with previous reports on differences in the transforming potential of mouse FGF8 isoforms, human FGF8b was found to induce marked morphological transformation to NIH3T3 cells and strong tumorigenicity of the transfected cells in nude mice. Human FGF8a and FGF8e were moderately transforming in NIH3T3 cells, and the transfected cells were moderately tumorigenic in vivo. These results document the production of three alternatively spliced FGF8 mRNAs in human tissues and the transforming and tumorigenic potential of their protein products. Moreover, these data, combined with the tissue-specific expression of these isoforms, suggest that they may have different biological functions.
A Method for Determining Sodium Content of Semiconductor Processing Materials (1968)

A refined flame spectrophotometric method has been used to analyze and control sodium content in materials associated with the processing of semiconductor devices. Several examples of materials analyzed are presented which include water oxidation ambients, quartz oxidation tubes, various organic and inorganic solvents, and sedimented glasses. Very good correlations are obtained between sodium content of these materials and corresponding electrical stability of MOS structures. The method is relatively inexpensive and simple to use, with a detection limit in water of 0.05 ppb sodium.
Towards scott domains-based topological ontology models (2001)

An ontology can be seen as an approximation to what exists in the real world. An ontological model is the kernel used for specifying ontologies so that how close an ontology can be from the real world depends on the possibilities offered by the ontological model. In this paper, an ontological model that permits the specification of concepts, attributes, mereological and taxonomic relationships, and structural axioms, and that has already been applied to different application domains is extended to contain topological relationships as well. It is demonstrated in this paper that topological relations can be established on ontologies built with that ontological model, and the topological relations are not established by the user but inferred from the knowledge contained in the particular ontology. The domain chosen for this work is the relation between drugs consumption and cancer diagnoses.
PS-mediated adhesion of T cells to endothelial cells (1999)

Conference Abstract| June 01 1999 PS-mediated adhesion of T cells to endothelial cells J. Qu; J. Qu 1Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, University of Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar D.M. Bloxham; D.M. Bloxham 2Dept. Haematology, University of Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Sampson; C. Sampson 3Dept. Nuclear Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.A. Lucy J.A. Lucy 1Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, University of Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1999) 27 (3): A108. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst027a108 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. Qu, D.M. Bloxham, C. Sampson, J.A. Lucy; PS-mediated adhesion of T cells to endothelial cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1999; 27 (3): A108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst027a108 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1999 Biochemical Society1999 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Steroidogenic enzyme Cyp11a1 regulates Type 2 CD8 + T cell skewing in allergic lung disease (2013)

Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Numbers of CD8(+)IL-13(+) T cells are increased in asthmatics and during the development of experimental asthma in mice. In an atopic environment rich in IL-4, these CD8(+) T cells mediate asthmatic responses, but the mechanisms regulating the conversion of CD8(+) effector T cells from IFN-γ- to pathogenic IL-13-producing effector cells that contribute to an asthma phenotype have not been defined. Here, we show that cholesterol side-chain cleavage P450 enzyme, Cyp11a1, is a key regulator of CD8(+) T-cell conversion. Expression of the gene, protein, and enzymatic activity of Cyp11a1 were markedly increased in CD8(+) T cells differentiated in the presence of IL-2 plus IL-4 compared with cells differentiated in IL-2 alone. Inhibition of Cyp11a1 enzymatic activity with aminoglutethimide or reduction in the expression of Cyp11a1 using short hairpin RNA prevented the IL-4-induced conversion of IFN-γ- to IL-13-producing cells without affecting expression of the lineage-specific transcription factors T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) or GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3). Adoptive transfer of aminoglutethimide-treated CD8(+) T cells into sensitized and challenged CD8-deficient recipients failed to restore airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. We demonstrate that Cyp11a1 controls the phenotypic conversion of CD8(+) T cells from IFN-γ to IL-13 production, linking steroidogenesis in CD8(+) T cells, a nonclassical steroidogenic tissue, to a proallergic differentiation pathway.
A Localisation-Segmentation Approach for Multi-label Annotation of Lumbar Vertebrae using Deep Nets (2017)

Multi-class segmentation of vertebrae is a non-trivial task mainly due to the high correlation in the appearance of adjacent vertebrae. Hence, such a task calls for the consideration of both global and local context. Based on this motivation, we propose a two-staged approach that, given a computed tomography dataset of the spine, segments the five lumbar vertebrae and simultaneously labels them. The first stage employs a multi-layered perceptron performing non-linear regression for locating the lumbar region using the global context. The second stage, comprised of a fully-convolutional deep network, exploits the local context in the localised lumbar region to segment and label the lumbar vertebrae in one go. Aided with practical data augmentation for training, our approach is highly generalisable, capable of successfully segmenting both healthy and abnormal vertebrae (fractured and scoliotic spines). We consistently achieve an average Dice coefficient of over 90 percent on a publicly available dataset of the xVertSeg segmentation challenge of MICCAI 2016. This is particularly noteworthy because the xVertSeg dataset is beset with severe deformities in the form of vertebral fractures and scoliosis.
Hypoxia and high glucose cause exaggerated mesangial cell growth and collagen synthesis: role of osteopontin (2001)

The effect of hypoxia on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of cultured rat mesangial cells was examined under normal-glucose (NG, 5 mM) and high-glucose (HG, 25 mM)-media conditions. In addition, a role for osteopontin (OPN) in mediating these processes was assessed. Quiescent cultures were exposed to hypoxia (3% O(2)) and normoxia (18% O(2)) in a serum-free medium with NG or HG, and cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and OPN expression were assessed. Cells exposed to hypoxia in NG medium resulted in significant increases in [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, cell number, and [(3)H]proline incorporation, respectively. HG incubations also produced significant stimulation of these parameters under normoxic conditions, which were markedly enhanced in cells exposed to hypoxia in HG medium. In addition, hypoxia and HG stimulated the mRNA levels of type IV collagen, and the combination of hypoxia and HG resulted in additive increases in type IV collagen expression. Hypoxia and HG also stimulated OPN mRNA and protein levels in an additive fashion. A neutralizing antibody to OPN or its beta(3)-integrin receptor significantly blocked the effect of hypoxia and HG on proliferation and collagen synthesis. In conclusion, these results demonstrate for the first time that hypoxia in HG medium produces exaggerated mesangial cell growth and type IV collagen synthesis. In addition, OPN appears to play a role in mediating the accelerated mesangial cell growth and collagen synthesis found in a hyperglycemic and hypoxic environment.
A-dependence of pair production of hadrons with large P/sub T/ (1983)

The A dependence of the production of pairs of charged hadrons has been measured. When the A dependence of the invariant cross section is approximated by a function A2, the exponent ..cap alpha../sub 2/ does not exceed unity anywhere in the P/sub T/ range from 0.46 to 2.27 GeV/c. The exponent ..cap alpha../sub 2/ is found to depend on the nature of the particles.
Solubility of fullerene (C60) in a variety of solvents (1993)

The room temperature solubility of pure C60 has been determined in 47 solvents. The solubilities cover a wide range, from 0.01 mg/mL in methanol to 50 mg/mL in 1-chloronaphthalene. The solubilities in CS2, toluene, and hexane, three of the commonly employed solvents, are 7.9,2.8, and 0.04 mg/mL, respectively. An examination of the solubilities of C60 as a function of the solvent properties such as index of refraction, dielectric constant, molecular size, Hildebrand solubility parameter, and H-bonding strength reaffirms the century-old principle &amp;apos;&amp;apos;like dissolves like&amp;apos;&amp;apos;. No single solvent parameter can uniformly predict the solubility Of C60, but a composite picture of solvents with high solubility for C60 emerges: large index of refraction, dielectric constant around 4, large molecular volume, Hildebrand solubility parameter equal to 10 cal1/2 CM-3/2, and tendency to act as a moderate strength nucleophile.
Trapped Kinetic States, Chiral Amplification and Molecular Chaperoning in Synthetic Polymers:  Chiral Induction in Polyguanidines through Ion Pair Interactions (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTrapped Kinetic States, Chiral Amplification and Molecular Chaperoning in Synthetic Polymers: Chiral Induction in Polyguanidines through Ion Pair InteractionsDavid S. Schlitzer and Bruce M. NovakView Author Information Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Materials Research Science and Engineering Center University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9, 2196–2197Publication Date (Web):February 20, 1998Publication History Received1 December 1997Published online20 February 1998Published inissue 1 March 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja974048xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja974048xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views867Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Annealing (metallurgy),Conformation,Ions,Order,Polymers Get e-Alerts
An electronic method for rapid measurement of haematocrit in blood samples (1994)

The bioelectrical impedance method was used to determine the haematocrit in patient blood samples. The resistance (R) and reactance (X) of a constant volume of blood were measured at a low (50 kHz) and high (1 MHz) frequency. These dual-frequency impedance measurements were then used to determine the intracellular and extracellular (plasma) fluid volume of the blood and thus the haematocrit in 308 blood samples. The values compared favourably with the microhaematocrit determined on the same samples, giving a correlation coefficient of 0.989 and a standard error estimation of 1.41%. Reactance at 1 MHz was a better parameter for predicting haematocrit than resistances. Factors affecting the resistivity of plasma, such as electrolyte and protein concentrations, were the error sources in the impedance technique. Our technique reduced such errors significantly. In conclusion, this electronic method can be used to measure haematocrit accurately and may be more desirable than conventional methods in certain clinical situations.
DNA sequence analysis of the EcoRI Dhet fragment of B95-8 Epstein-Barr virus containing the terminal repeat sequences. (1983)

An analysis of the approximately 12,440 base-pair sequence of the EcoRI Dhet fragment isolated from the circular episomal form of the B95-8 strain of Epstein-Barr virus is presented. This fragment contains the covalently joined ends of the intracellular episomal form of the molecule. In the viral capsid the DNA is linear and the joining is mediated via the terminal repeated DNA. Four copies of tandem repeated DNA were present in this clone, three with a repeat size of 538 and one of 523. The positions of a number of possible protein coding regions and transcription signals are discussed. In particular a possible spliced coding region for an approximately 45,000 Mr protein expressed in latently infected transformed cells is proposed. The predicted protein sequence contains hydrophobic regions separated by charged amino acids reminiscent of a membrane protein.
Gait phase and centre of pressure measuring system (2004)

For the development of biped robot and artificial limb as well as for the rehabilitation of patients whose legs are injured or have difficulty in movement, a gait phase online identification and calculation of centre of pressure (CoP) system is researched. In previous researches, the force sensitive resistors were fit inside of the shoes, which were called sole sensors. However according to our own experiments, this is not effective method for the identification of the gait phase because there is a relative movement between the foot and shoe if the shoes aren't adequately adapted to the feet. In our research the force sensors are installed on exsole instead of on the insole, which cause the readings to accurately correspond with the physical information of human. 4 pieces of force sensitive resistors, one piece of position sensor and a fibre sensor that is for the measuring of the bend of the legs are used. The 5 normal gait phases such as stance, stance-kneebend, heel-off, swing-bend, swing-extend heel-strike and 4 irregularities such as stance-external-tip over, stance-internal-tip over, forward tipping over, etc. can be identified with a combination's of sensors. CoP can be also calculated in real-time. The identification is independent from the order of the walking. The reliability of the results is 100% attainable. The first gait phase is also identifiable. Additionally, whether human walks fast or quite slowly doesn't influence to the identification result. The system self-calibration is carried out at the beginning of running. It is therefore ensured that the system measurement is 100% identical in relation to the walking of people.
Single-Photon Synchronous Detection (2009)

Phase and intensity of light are detected simultaneously using a fully digital imaging technique: single-photon synchronous detection. This approach has been theoretically and experimentally investigated in this paper. We designed a fully integrated camera implementing the new technique that was fabricated in a 0.35 mum CMOS technology. The camera demonstrator features a modulated light source, so as to independently capture the time-of-flight of the photons reflected by a target, thereby reconstructing a depth map of the scene. The camera also enables image enhancement of 2D scenes when used in passive mode, where differential maps of the reflection patterns are the basis for advanced image processing algorithms. Extensive testing has shown the suitability of the technique and confirmed phase accuracy predictions. Experimental results showed that the proposed rangefinder method is effective. Distance measurement performance was characterized with a maximum nonlinearity error lower than 12 cm within a range of a few meters. In the same range, the maximum repeatability error was 3.8 cm.
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657, new rifamycin derivatives (1994)

The in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of the new rifamycin derivatives KRM-1648 and KRM-1657 were compared with those of rifampin. Rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin were also tested for reference. The respective MICs of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657 for 90% of the strains tested (MIC90S) were 0.016 and 0.0078 microgram/ml, respectively, for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, 0.016 and 0.0039 microgram/ml, respectively, for methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and 0.0625 and 0.016 microgram/ml, respectively, for methicillin- and quinolone-resistant S. aureus. These MIC90S of KRM-1657 were equal to or 2- to 64-fold lower than those of rifampin. KRM-1648 and KRM-1657 with MIC90S of between 0.002 and 0.078 microgram/ml were 2- to 128-fold more active than rifampin against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus species, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. The MIC90S of KRM-1657 for Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were 0.25 and 0.1 microgram/ml, respectively; KRM-1657 was almost as active as rifampin and was 8- to 16-fold more active than KRM-1648 against these strains. The frequency of occurrence of spontaneous mutations to resistance to KRM-1648 and KRM-1657 was equal to that to rifampin. Against systemic infection with S. aureus in mice, the efficacies of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657 were comparable to that of rifampin.