gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single cell analysis of intracellular osteopontin in osteogenic cultures of fetal rat calvarial cells (1997)

Osteopontin (OPN), a major component of the bone matrix, is expressed at different stages of bone formation. To determine possible relationships between OPN expression and stages of osteogenic cell differentiation, we have performed single cell analyses of intracellular OPN in early (proliferating), subconfluent (differentiating), and mature (mineralizing) cultures of fetal rat calvarial cells (FRCC) using a combination of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. At each culture stage, a high proportion (60–98%) of cells were immunoreactive for OPN (OPN+ve). Each of these populations also included a small proportion of OPN-ve cells which were characterized by their small size, low granularity, high proliferative capacity, and enhanced osteogenic potential. The OPN+ve cells displayed two distinct patterns of intracellular immunostaining: a perinuclear distribution typical of secreted proteins and a perimembrane distribution in which patches of OPN were concentrated at the cell surface. Perimembranous staining predominated in migrant cells, which contained greater than tenfold higher levels of OPN than nonmigrant cells as separated in a Boyden chamber. When cell proliferation was high (day 2), most cells were OPN+ve. At all culture stages the intensity of OPN staining was increased as cells progressed through the cell cycle. As cells differentiated and started to form matrix (days 4 and 6), the mean cell expression of OPN was also increased (fourfold), independent of changes in total cell protein. However, despite the association of OPN with osteogenic cells, we were surprised to find that a high proportion (60%) of fetal skin fibroblasts were also immunoreactive for OPN. The expression of OPN by these cell populations was confirmed by RT-PCR, and a strong correlation was observed between the quantitative flow cytometry data and Western blot analysis of cell extracts in which the high and low phosphorylated isoforms of OPN were observed. These studies, therefore, have identified several phenotypes in FRCC cultures that are based on OPN expression: small OPN-ve cell populations enriched in osteogenic precursors, differentiating osteogenic cells that synthesize and secrete OPN, and migrating stromal cells characterized by a perimembranous OPN staining pattern. J Cell Physiol 170:88–100, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Bright light therapy in Parkinson's disease: A pilot study (2007)

Several observations suggest a beneficial effect of melatonin antagonism for Parkinson's disease (PD). Although bright light therapy (BLT) suppresses melatonin release and is an established treatment for depression and sleep disturbances, it has not been evaluated in PD. We examined effects of BLT on motor symptoms, depression, and sleep in PD in a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study in 36 PD patients, using Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) I-IV, Beck's Depression Inventory, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. All patients received BLT for 15 days in the morning, 30 min daily. Illuminance was 7.500 lux in the active treatment group and 950 lux in the placebo group. Although group differences were small, BLT led to significant improvement of tremor, UPDRS I, II, and IV, and depression in the active treatment group but not in the placebo group. It was very well tolerated. Follow up studies in more advanced patient populations employing longer treatment durations are warranted.
Generation of single base-pair deletions, insertions, and substitutions by a site-specific recombination system. (1985)

The sequence analysis of both products of individual phi 80 site-specific recombination events in vivo shows that recombination with a secondary attachment (att) site generates several different novel joints at the mismatched position: one recombination event resulted in a single base-pair deletion and two other recombination events resulted in two different single base-pair substitutions. The characterized products of recombination can be straightforwardly interpreted as the outcome of strand exchange involving staggered nicks bracketing the heterology within an overlap region of five to nine base pairs. In comparison, more complex segregation patterns have been observed in previous studies of lambda recombination between nonidentical att sites; the nature of the overlap region heterology may have a significant effect on the segregation patterns. To recover both products of a single recombination event, we used a plasmid that carries the phi 80 int and xis genes and both att sites. Because the two att sites are situated in opposite orientation, intramolecular recombination between them inverts rather than deletes the intervening segment of DNA. Although subsequent reinversion restores the original gross genetic arrangement, single base-pair insertions, deletions, and substitutions are introduced at the sites of recombination. One of the mutations improves the recombination efficiency of the secondary att site and thereby converts a formerly "stable" sequence to an efficient target for rearrangement, and other mutations are predicted to alter the specificity of recombination. These pathways may also provide useful models for the efficient generation of localized sequence diversity on a development (as well as evolutionary) time scale.
High resolution surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (1999)

A method for detecting surface plasmon resonance with high resolution (∼10−5 degrees or ∼10−8 refractive index units) and fast response time (1 μs) is described. In the method, light is focused through a prism onto a metal film on which molecules to be detected are adsorbed. The total internal reflection of the incident light is collected with a bicell photodetector instead of a single cell or an array of photodetectors that are widely used in previous works. The ratio of the differential signal to the sum signal of the bicell photodetector provides an accurate measurement of shift in surface plasmon resonance angle caused by the adsorption of molecules onto the metal films or by conformational changes in the adsorbed molecules. Using the method, we have studied subtle conformational changes in redox protein, cytochrome c, due to an electron transfer reaction.
Immobilized enzyme chemically modified electrode as an amperometric sensor (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmobilized enzyme chemically modified electrode as an amperometric sensorRobert M. Ianniello and Alexander M. YacynychCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 13, 2090–2095Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00236a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00236a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views769Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis with specific polyclonal antiserum indicates that the E1A-associated 300-kDa product is a stable nuclear phosphoprotein that undergoes cell cycle phase-specific modification. (1991)

Binding of a 300-kDa host cell protein (p300) is tightly correlated with the ability of the adenovirus E1A products to induce quiescent baby rat kidney cells to proliferate. We have generated rabbit polyclonal antibodies against p300 to characterize this protein further. We have found p300 to be a nuclear phosphoprotein that is actively synthesized in both quiescent and proliferating baby rat kidney cells. In partially purified mitotic cell populations, we observe a form of p300 with decreased electrophoretic mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels that shares a nearly identical partial proteolytic digest pattern with p300. The slower-migrating form of p300 is greatly reduced by treating immune complexes with potato acid phosphatase. The relative stability and presence of p300 even in resting cells suggests that p300 has a basal cell function, but the appearance of differentially modified forms during the cell cycle suggests the possibility that p300 function is modulated specifically in growing cells.
Protective Effect of Tat PTD-Hsp27 Fusion Protein on Tau Hyperphosphorylation Induced by Okadaic Acid in the Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y (2015)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disorder that causes a loss of brain function. Hyperphosphorylation of tau and the subsequent formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Hyperphosphorylated tau accumulates into insoluble paired helical filaments that aggregate into NFTs; therefore, regulation of tau phosphorylation represents an important treatment approach for AD. Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) plays a specific role in human neurodegenerative diseases; however, few studies have examined its therapeutic effect. In this study, we induced tau hyperphosphorylation using okadaic acid, which is a protein phosphatase inhibitor, and generated a fusion protein of Hsp27 and the protein transduction domain of the HIV Tat protein (Tat-Hsp27) to enhance the delivery of Hsp27. We treated Tat-Hsp27 to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells for 2 h; the transduction level was proportional to the Tat-hsp27 concentration. Additionally, Tat-Hsp27 reduced the level of hyperphosphorylated tau and protected cells from apoptotic cell death caused by abnormal tau aggregates. These results reveal that Hsp27 represents a valuable protein therapeutic for AD.
Thin Film Stress Driven Self‐Folding of Microstructured Containers (2008)

Tiny boxes: A highly parallel, low-temperature process allows the self-assembly of hollow, cubic microcontainers with patterned faces that can encapsulate objects within. The process is based on the self-folding of lithographically patterned cruciforms and exploits stress inherent in thermally evaporated thin films to drive the assembly of the microstructures, which are on the order of 50–500 µm. The assembly occurs in water at 40–60 °C. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2296/2008/smll200800280_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Atezolizumab, an Anti–Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Antibody, in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Long-Term Safety, Clinical Activity, and Immune Correlates From a Phase Ia Study (2016)

Atezolizumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity in patients with metastatic RCC. Correlative studies identified potential predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. These results have guided ongoing studies and combinations with atezolizumab in RCC.
Highly sensitive hot electron bolometer based on disordered graphene (2013)

A bolometer is a device that makes an electrical resistive response to the electromagnetic radiation resulted from a raise of temperature due to heating. The combination of the extremely weak electron-phonon interactions along with its small electron heat capacity makes graphene an ideal material for applications in ultra-fast and sensitive hot electron bolometer. However, a major issue is that the resistance of pristine graphene weakly depends on the electronic temperature. We propose using disordered graphene to obtain a strongly temperature dependent resistance. The measured electrical responsivity of the disordered graphene bolometer reaches 6 × 10(6) V/W at 1.5 K, corresponding to an optical responsivity of 1.6 × 10(5) V/W. The deduced electrical noise equivalent power is 1.2 fW/√Hz, corresponding to the optical noise equivalent power of 44 fW/√Hz. The minimal device structure and no requirement for high mobility graphene make a step forward towards the applications of graphene hot electron bolometers.
Germ Line Transformation of Mammals by Pronuclear Microinjection (2000)

The most popular approach for generating transgenic mammals is the direct injection of transgenes into one pronucleus of a fertilized oocyte. In the past 15 years microinjection has been successfully applied in laboratory as well as in farm animals. The frequency of transgenic founders, although highly different between the species, is efficient enough to render this technique applicable to a wide range of mammals. The expression levels and patterns of a transgene are initially influenced by the construction of the transgene. However, the overall phenotype of a transgenic organism is influenced by several genetic and environmental factors. Due to the features of this technique not all of the genetic factors can be experimentally controlled by the scientist. In this article we will emphasize some peculiarities which have to be taken into account for the successful performance of transgenesis by pronuclear microinjection.
[Expression of high mobility group box-1 in the lung tissue and BALF of asthmatic mice and the influence of dexamethasone]. (2010)

The expression of HMGB1 is obviously increased in the lung and BALF of asthmatic mice and DM produces no significant effect on HMGB1 expression, suggesting that HMGB1 may serve as a new therapeutic target for asthma treatment.
Effect of SiO2substrate on the irradiation-assisted manipulation of supported graphene: a molecular dynamics study (2012)

The irradiation effects in graphene supported by SiO(2) substrate including defect production and implantation efficiency are investigated using the molecular dynamics (MD) method with empirical potentials. We show that the irradiation damage in supported graphene comes from two aspects: the direct damage induced by the incident ions and the indirect damage resulting from backscattered particles and sputtered atoms from the substrate. In contrast with the damage in suspended graphene, we find that the indirect damage is dominant in supported graphene at high energies. As a result, enhanced irradiation damage in supported graphene is observed when the incident energy is above 5 keV for Ar and 3 keV for Si. The direct damage probability at all energies, even the total damage probability at low energies, in supported graphene is always much lower than that in suspended graphene because of the higher threshold displacement energy of carbon atoms. In addition, we demonstrate the striking finding that it is possible to dope graphene with sputtered atoms from the substrate and the implantation probability is considerable at optimal energies. Our results indicate that the substrate is an important factor in the process of ion-irradiation-assisted engineering of the properties of graphene.
BMP‐7 functions as a novel hormone to facilitate liver regeneration (2006)

Bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) is a key protein involved in liver organogenesis and development. The physiological circulating concentration of BMP-7 is between 100 and 300 pg/ml. BMP-7 expression is absent in the liver, but the receptors for BMP-7 are present on adult hepatocytes. Therefore, we hypothesized that BMP-7 might function as an endogenous regulator of adult hepatocyte proliferation and liver homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that neutralization of circulating endogenous BMP-7 results in significantly impaired regeneration of the liver after partial hepatectomy. Therapeutic administration of recombinant human BMP-7 (rhBMP-7) significantly enhances liver regeneration associated with accelerated improvement of liver function. Collectively, our results argue for the role of BMP-7 as a kidney- and bone-produced endogenous regulator of hepatocyte health.
Investigations on 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-asymmetric induction in intramolecular Reformatskii reactions promoted by samarium(II) iodide (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigations on 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-asymmetric induction in intramolecular Reformatskii reactions promoted by samarium(II) iodideGary A. Molander, Jeffrey B. Etter, Lori S. Harring, and Pierre Jean ThorelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 21, 8036–8045Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00021a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00021a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views956Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Farnesyl cysteine C-terminal methyltransferase activity is dependent upon the STE14 gene product in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1990)

Membrane extracts of sterile Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing the a-specific ste14 mutation lack a farnesyl cysteine C-terminal carboxyl methyltransferase activity that is present in wild-type a and alpha cells. Other a-specific sterile strains with ste6 and ste16 mutations also have wild-type levels of the farnesyl cysteine carboxyl methyltransferase activity. This enzyme activity, detected by using a synthetic peptide sequence based on the C-terminus of a ras protein, may be responsible not only for the essential methylation of the farnesyl cysteine residue of a mating factor, but also for the methylation of yeast RAS1 and RAS2 proteins and possibly other polypeptides with similar C-terminal structures. We demonstrate that the farnesylation of the cysteine residue in the peptide is required for the methyltransferase activity, suggesting that methyl esterification follows the lipidation reaction in the cell. To show that the loss of methyltransferase activity is a direct result of the ste14 mutation, we transformed ste14 mutant cells with a plasmid complementing the mating defect of this strain and found that active enzyme was produced. Finally, we demonstrated that a similar transformation of cells possessing the wild-type STE14 gene resulted in sixfold overproduction of the enzyme. Although more complicated possibilities cannot be ruled out, these results suggest that STE14 is a candidate for the structural gene for a methyltransferase involved in the formation of isoprenylated cysteine alpha-methyl ester C-terminal structures.
The crystal structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin domain III with nicotinamide and AMP: conformational differences with the intact exotoxin. (1995)

Domain III of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A catalyses the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD to a modified histidine residue of elongation factor 2 in eukaryotic cells, thus inactivating elongation factor 2. This domain III is inactive in the intact toxin but is active in the isolated form. We report here the 2.5-A crystal structure of this isolated domain crystallized in the presence of NAD and compare it with the corresponding structure in the intact Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. We observe a significant conformational difference in the active site region from Arg-458 to Asp-463. Contacts with part of domain II in the intact toxin prevent the adoption of the isolated domain conformation and provide a structural explanation for the observed inactivity. Additional electron density in the active site region corresponds to separate AMP and nicotinamide and indicates that the NAD has been hydrolyzed. The structure has been compared with the catalytic domain of the diphtheria toxin, which was crystallized with ApUp.
Targeted Disruption of the Acid α-Glucosidase Gene in Mice Causes an Illness with Critical Features of Both Infantile and Adult Human Glycogen Storage Disease Type II (1998)

We have used gene targeting to create a mouse model of glycogen storage disease type II, a disease in which distinct clinical phenotypes present at different ages. As in the severe human infantile disease (Pompe Syndrome), mice homozygous for disruption of the acid alpha-glucosidase gene (6(neo)/6(neo)) lack enzyme activity and begin to accumulate glycogen in cardiac and skeletal muscle lysosomes by 3 weeks of age, with a progressive increase thereafter. By 3.5 weeks of age, these mice have markedly reduced mobility and strength. They grow normally, however, reach adulthood, remain fertile, and, as in the human adult disease, older mice accumulate glycogen in the diaphragm. By 8-9 months of age animals develop obvious muscle wasting and a weak, waddling gait. This model, therefore, recapitulates critical features of both the infantile and the adult forms of the disease at a pace suitable for the evaluation of enzyme or gene replacement. In contrast, in a second model, mutant mice with deletion of exon 6 (Delta6/Delta6), like the recently published acid alpha-glucosidase knockout with disruption of exon 13 (Bijvoet, A. G., van de Kamp, E. H., Kroos, M., Ding, J. H., Yang, B. Z., Visser, P., Bakker, C. E., Verbeet, M. P., Oostra, B. A., Reuser, A. J. J., and van der Ploeg, A. T. (1998) Hum. Mol. Genet. 7, 53-62), have unimpaired strength and mobility (up to 6.5 months of age) despite indistinguishable biochemical and pathological changes. The genetic background of the mouse strains appears to contribute to the differences among the three models.
Motion tracking with fixed-lag smoothing: Algorithm and consistency analysis (2011)

This paper presents a fixed-lag smoothing algorithm for tracking the motion of a mobile robot in real time. The algorithm processes measurements from proprioceptive (e.g., odometry, inertial measurement unit) and exteroceptive (e.g., camera, laser scanner) sensors, in order to estimate the trajectory of the vehicle. Smoothing is carried out in the information-filtering framework, and utilizes iterative minimization, which renders the method well-suited for applications where the effects of the measurements' nonlinearity are significant. The algorithm attains bounded computational complexity by marginalizing out older states. The key contribution of this work is a detailed analysis of the effects of the marginalization process on the consistency properties of the estimator. Based on this analysis, a linearization scheme that results in substantially improved accuracy, compared to the standard linearization approach, is proposed. Both simulation and real-world experimental results are presented, which demonstrate that the proposed method attains localization accuracy superior to that of competing approaches.