gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Low-Power Real-Time SIFT Descriptor Generation Engine for Full-HDTV Video Recognition (2011)

This paper describes a SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) descriptor generation engine which features a VLSI oriented SIFT algorithm, three-stage pipelined architecture and novel systolic array architectures for Gaussian filtering and key-point extraction. The ROI-based scheme has been employed for the VLSI oriented algorithm. The novel systolic array architecture drastically reduces the number of operation cycle and memory access. The cycle counts of Gaussian filtering module is reduced by 82%, compared with the SIMD architecture. The number of memory accesses of the Gaussian filtering module and the key-point extraction module are reduced by 99.8% and 66% respectively, compared with the results obtained assuming the SIMD architecture. The proposed schemes provide processing capability for HDTV resolution video (1920 × 1080 pixels) at 30 frames per second (fps). The test chip has been fabricated in 65nm CMOS technology and occupies 4.2 × 4.2mm2 containing 1.1M gates and 1.38Mbit on-chip memory. The measured data demonstrates 38.2mW power consumption at 78MHz and 1.2V.
Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Carotid Sinus Baroreflex Improves Left Ventricular Function and Promotes Reversal of Ventricular Remodeling in Dogs With Advanced Heart Failure (2010)

In dogs with advanced heart failure, CSB activation improves global LV function and partially reverses LV remodeling both globally and at cellular and molecular levels.
Abstract: Under-Explored Petroleum Systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the Timor and Arafura Seas, Eastern Indonesia (2003)

Abstract The Timor and Arafura Seas extend along a large part of the Indonesian-northern Australian boundary. Relatively well explored within Australian waters since 1971, the first significant test in Indonesian waters was the Abadi 1 gas discovery, drilled by INPEX in 2000. Since Abadi was discovered, industry interest has been stirred, if not shaken, by the availability of the Matahari MC2D seismic survey, linking Australian gas discoveries of Greater Sunrise and Evans Shoal with the Abadi accumulation and the Barakan-1 dry hole (UTP 1995) to the northeast. This paper examines: the structural relationships of the Paleozoic and early Mesozoic rocks that form the foundation for these gas discoveries, presents a revised interpretation of Paleozoic/Mesozoic tectonic provinces, and discusses the Early to Middle Jurassic Plover Petroleum System and potential for deeper oil-prone Paleozoic oil source rocks, and the results of seismic interpretation in open acreage within Indonesian waters to the north and east of the Abadi accumulation. The Greater Sunrise, Evans Shoal and Abadi discoveries lie on the Sahul Platform, a peri-rift basement high, separated from the Australian craton by a failed Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rift. This rift is identified as the Malita Graben which extends east into the Calder Graben, providing key depocentres and an effective charge kitchen from mature Early to Middle Jurassic Plover Formation source rocks (Organofacies B & D/E), which are regarded as the origin of these gas-condensate accumulations on the Sahul Platform. The latter are reservoired in Plover Formation paralic and shelfal sandstones. To the north and northeast of the Abadi discovery, in open Indonesian acreage, new seismic interpretation has revealed the existence of hitherto undiscovered Paleozoic basins, especially on the southeastern margin of the Tanimbar Trough. Based on analogues with the Bonaparte Basin and Goulburn Graben of northern Australia, these Paleozoic Basins could contain high quality and mature oil-prone Organofacies B & D/E source rocks of Cambrian, Devonian and Carboniferous age. In addition, deeply buried Early Cretaceous source rocks may exist along the flanks of the Tanimbar Trough, with similar attributes to excellent quality Echuca Shoals Formation source rocks in the northern Bonaparte Basin, which charged a number of oil discoveries such as the Elang Field in the ZOC. This paper establishes possibilities for a new oil play from Paleozoic and Early Cretaceous oil source rocks, either within indigenous and/or updip and supercrop reservoir section. This is in addition to more 'traditional' Early — Mid Jurassic Plover reservoir targets, filled with gas and gas-condensate from source rocks of the same age, as discovered at the Abadi and Greater Sunrise accumulations. Presented at: 2005 South East Asia Petroleum Exploration Society (SEAPEX) Conference, Singapore, 2003
Influence of molecular processes on the hydrogen atomic system in an expanding argon–hydrogen plasma (1995)

An expanding thermal arc plasma in argon–hydrogen is investigated by means of emission spectroscopy. The hydrogen can be added to the argon flow before it enters the thermal arc plasma source, or it can be flushed directly into the vacuum expansion vessel (1–20 vol % H2). The atomic state distribution function for hydrogen, measured at a downstream distance of 20 mm, turns out to be very different in the two cases. For injection in the arc, three-particle recombination is a primary source of hydrogen excitation, whereas measurements with hydrogen injected into the vessel clearly point to a molecular channel (dissociative recombination of formed ArH+) populating atomic hydrogen levels.
Topography and polypeptide distribution of terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues on the surfaces of intact lymphocytes. Evidence for O-linked GlcNAc. (1984)

Bovine milk galactosyltransferase has been used, in conjunction with UDP-[3H]galactose, as an impermeant probe for accessible GlcNAc residues on the surfaces of lymphocytes. Galactosylation of living thymic lymphocytes is dependent upon cell number, enzyme concentration, UDP-galactose concentration, and Mn2+ concentration. Kinetics of labeling are biphasic, leveling off at approximately 30 min. The data strongly indicate vectorial surface labeling and covalent attachment of galactose. Thymocytes, T-lymphocytes, and B-lymphocytes have approximately 10(6), 3 X 10(6), and 5 X 10(6) galactosylatable sites on their cell surfaces, respectively. Numerous proteins are exogalactosylated that differ quantitatively among the major functional subsets of lymphocytes. Negligible radioactivity is found in lipid. In thymocytes, 49% of the exogalactosylated oligosaccharides are alkali labile, whereas 80 and 90% of that derived from T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes can be beta-eliminated, respectively. Sensitivity of the intact proteins or tryptic peptides to the peptide: N-glycosidase also confirms the relative amounts of cell surface, N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides which are exogalactosylated. Composition, size, and high performance liquid chromatography on two types of high resolution columns establish that the bulk of the exogalactosylated, beta-eliminated oligosaccharides are Gal beta 1-4GlcNAcitol. These data suggest the presence of O-glycosidically linked GlcNAc monosaccharide on many lymphocyte cell-surface proteins. However, additional experiments indicate that the majority of these moieties appear to be cryptic or inside the cell. Thus, these studies not only describe dramatic differences in the amounts and distribution of terminal GlcNAc residues on phenotypically different lymphocyte populations, but they also describe the presence of a novel protein-saccharide linkage, which is present on numerous lymphocyte proteins.
Neointimal Formation After Balloon-Induced Vascular Injury in Yucatan Minipigs is Reduced by Oral Rapamycin (1999)

Rapamycin, a macrolide antibiotic known to prevent allograft rejection, is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation. Therefore we studied the effects of orally administered rapamycin in a pig model of balloon injury in an attempt to reduce the cellular proliferation and neointimal formation thought to play a role in restenosis. Twenty Yucatan minipigs, divided into groups of 10 animals each, were subjected to balloon inflation of the carotid arteries. One group received the methylcellulose vehicle for rapamycin, whereas the second group was treated for a total of 31 days with 2.0 mg/kg of rapamycin administered daily by oral gavage. This dose and treatment regimen produced significant (p < 0.05) reductions in neointimal area (59%) and in the maximal thickness of the neointima (59%) when comparisons were made with vehicle-treated animals. These effects were accompanied by a significant increase in the lumen area in animals that received rapamycin (33%). Medial area was decreased by 18% in these animals. Blood samples from rapamycin-treated pigs indicated peak concentrations of 1.87 +/- 0.45 and 1.70 +/- 0.24 ng/ml at 2 and 4 weeks after balloon angioplasty, respectively. Significant increases in blood pressure of 21 mm Hg and decreases in heart rate of 25 beats/min also were observed in rapamycin-treated animals relative to those that received vehicle. These results indicate that the antiproliferative effect of rapamycin can be demonstrated after oral dosing in a pig vascular injury model, suggesting a possible therapeutic utility for rapamycin or its analogs in patients undergoing balloon angioplasty.
Starting insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes (2004)

Almost all patients with type 2 diabetes will eventually fail to respond adequately to oral hypoglycaemic drugs and will require insulin therapy. A regimen of bedtime intermediate-acting insulin in combination with daytime oral drugs is acceptable to patients, simple to start and results in rapid improvement in glycaemic control. It can be started safely in general practice and is the most practical way of implementing insulin in the face of a worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS) (2002)

This document proposes several new ciphersuites. At present, the symmetric ciphers supported by Transport Layer Security (TLS) are RC2, RC4, International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), Data Encryption Standard (DES), and triple DES. The protocol would be enhanced by the addition of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) ciphersuites.
A non-invasive transport system for GDNF across the blood–brain barrier (1997)

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a neurotrophin which supports midbrain dopaminergic neurons and spinal cord motorneurons. GDNF has been proposed as a possible therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury or motorneuron degenerative disorders. Administration of GDNF is complicated by its poor penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Central nervous system capillaries are uniquely enriched in transferrin receptors and antibodies to these receptors (OX-26) have been proposed as potential carriers to transport large molecules across the BBB. Intravenous administration of an OX-26-GDNF conjugate enhanced survival of spinal cord motorneurons in intraocular transplants, which possess an organotypic BBB. This suggests that the OX-26-GDNF conjugate could be utilized for non-invasive treatment of neurodegenerative diseases of the spinal cord or midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
The multidrug-resistant phenotype associated with overexpression of the new ABC half-transporter, MXR (ABCG2) (2000)

Mechanisms of drug resistance other than P-glycoprotein are of increasing interest as the list of newly identified members of the ABC transport family has grown. We sought to characterize the phenotype of the newly discovered ABC transporter encoded by the mitoxantrone resistance gene, MXR, also known as ABCP1 or BCRP. The pharmacodynamics of mitoxantrone and 12 other fluorescent drugs were evaluated by confocal microscopy in four multidrug-resistant human colon (S1) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. We utilized two sublines, MCF-7 AdVp3000 and S1-M1-80, and detected overexpression of MXR by PCR, immunoblot assay and immunohistochemistry. These MXR overexpressing sublines were compared to cell lines with P-glycoprotein- and MRP-mediated resistance. High levels of cross-resistance were observed for mitoxantrone, the anthracyclines, bisantrene and topotecan. Reduced levels of mitoxantrone, daunorubicin, bisantrene, topotecan, rhodamine 123 and prazosin were observed in the two sublines with high MXR expression. Neither the P-glycoprotein substrates vinblastine, paclitaxel, verapamil and calcein-AM, nor the MRP substrate calcein, were extruded from MCF-7 AdVp3000 and S1-M1-80 cells. Thus, the multidrug-resistant phenotype due to MXR expression is overlapping with, but distinct from, that due to P-glycoprotein. Further, cells that overexpress the MXR protein seem to be more resistant to mitoxantrone and topotecan than cells with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Our studies suggest that the ABC half-transporter, MXR, is a potent, new mechanism for conferring multiple drug resistance. Definition of its mechanism of transport and its role in clinical oncology is required.
Involvement of Vulnibactin and Exocellular Protease in Utilization of Transferrin‐ and Lactoferrin‐Bound Iron by Vibrio vulnificus (1996)

In vitro growth experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of vulnibactin, a siderophore produced by Vibrio vulnificus, to sequester transferrin- or lactoferrin bound iron for growth. Comparative studies with the strain producing vulnibactin and its exocellular protease-deficient mutant revealed the involvement of the protease in addition to vulnibactin in effective utilization of iron ion (Fe3+) bound to transferrin and lactoferrin. It appears that the protease causes cleavage of these proteins, thereby making bound iron more accessible to vulnibactin.
Endogenous muscle lectin inhibits myoblast adhesion to laminin. (1991)

L-14, a dimeric lactose-binding lectin with subunits of 14 kD, is expressed in a wide range of vertebrate tissues. Several functions have been postulated for this lectin, but definitive evidence for a specific biological role has been elusive. In muscle, L-14 is secreted during differentiation and accumulates with laminin in basement membrane surrounding each myofiber. Here we present evidence that laminin is a major glycoprotein ligand for L-14 in differentiating mouse C2C12 muscle cells and that binding of secreted L-14 to polylactosamine oligosaccharides of substrate laminin induces loss of cell-substratum adhesion. These results suggest that one function of L-14 is to regulate myoblast detachment from laminin during differentiation and fusion into tubular myofibers.
Human tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes. (1996)

W e have come a long way since the identification of the first human tumor antigen recognized by autologous CTL. This report provides a brief appraisal of these antigens and their potential for cancer immunotherapy. Our comments will be restricted to nonviral antigens.
A Point Mutation in the Integrin {36 Subunit Abolishes Both exv{36 Binding to Fibronectin and Receptor Localization to Focal Contacts (1995)

The integrin av{36 was initially identified from primary cultures of airway epithelial cells. This integrin is expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium during development and in settings of injury and/or inflammation and mediates attachment of epithelial cells to fibronectin and tenascin. Like other integrins, this receptor localizes to structures called focal contacts in cells plated on appropriate ligands. In the pres­ ent study, we produced a mutant {36 eDNA (136m) containing a single substitution of Asp' with Ala and transfected mutant (or wild-type) {36 eDNA into the human colon carcinoma cell line SW480. In parallel, we used cDNAs truncated just proximal to the transmembrane domain to generate secreted forms of mu­ tant av{36 in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The mutant {36, like the wild type, formed heterodimers with human av that were expressed on the cell surface of SW480 cells and secreted by CHO cells. Secreted av{36 containing this point mutation did not bind to fibronectin-Sepharose. Furthermore, in contrast to wild-type {36, the mutant form did not allow SW480 cells to bind to fibronectin in the presence of {31­ blocking antibody and did not localize to focal contacts. Our results confirm that the Asp' of {36, like the corresponding residues in {31 (Asp I30) and {33 (ASp 119) , is critical for interactions of av{36 with ligand, and also suggest that ligand binding to av{36is necessary for localization of this receptor to focal contacts.
Isolation of an Arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding cycloartenol synthase by functional expression in a yeast mutant lacking lanosterol synthase by the use of a chromatographic screen. (1993)

Whereas vertebrates and fungi synthesize sterols from epoxysqualene through the intermediate lanosterol, plants cyclize epoxysqualene to cycloartenol as the initial sterol. We report the cloning and characterization of CAS1, an Arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding cycloartenol synthase [(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene mutase (cyclizing, cycloartenol forming), EC 5.4.99.8]. A yeast mutant lacking lanosterol synthase [(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene mutase (cyclizing, lanosterol forming), EC 5.4.99.7] was transformed with an A. thaliana cDNA yeast expression library, and colonies were assayed for epoxysqualene mutase activity by thin-layer chromatography. One out of approximately 10,000 transformants produced a homogenate that cyclized 2,3-epoxysqualene to the plant sterol cycloartenol. This activity was shown to be plasmid dependent. The plasmid insert contains a 2277-bp open reading frame capable of encoding an 86-kDa protein with significant homology to lanosterol synthase from Candida albicans and squalene-hopene cyclase (EC 5.4.99.-) from Bacillus acidocalcarius. The method used to clone this gene should be generally applicable to genes responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
Paraphrasing Revisited with Neural Machine Translation (2017)

Recognizing and generating paraphrases is an important component in many natural language processing applications. A wellestablished technique for automatically extracting paraphrases leverages bilingual corpora to find meaning-equivalent phrases in a single language by "pivoting" over a shared translation in another language. In this paper we revisit bilingual pivoting in the context of neural machine translation and present a paraphrasing model based purely on neural networks. Our model represents paraphrases in a continuous space, estimates the degree of semantic relatedness between text segments of arbitrary length, or generates candidate paraphrases for any source input. Experimental results across tasks and datasets show that neural paraphrases outperform those obtained with conventional phrase-based pivoting approaches.
Design considerations for supporting TCP with per-flow queueing (2002)

In this paper, we investigate the extent to which fair queueing (and its variants), in conjunction with appropriately tailored buffer management schemes, can be used to achieve the following goals for TCP traffic: (1) alleviate the inherent unfairness of TCP towards connections with long round-trip times, (2) provide isolation when connections using different TCP versions share a bottleneck link (3) provide protection from TCP-unfriendly traffic sources (which might include TCP ACKs since they are not loss-responsive) and misbehaving users, (4) alleviate the effects of ACK compression in the presence of two-way traffic, (5) prevent users experiencing ACK loss (which causes their traffic to be bursty) from significantly affecting other connections, (6) provide low latency to interactive connections which share a bottleneck with "greedy" connections without reducing overall link utilization. The paper proposes new buffer management schemes to be used in conjunction with fair queueing, so as to achieve the above goals for TCP, and compares the performance of the proposed schemes to the performance obtained using random early detection (RED) for packet dropping.
Intestinal Epithelial TLR-4 Activation Is Required for the Development of Acute Lung Injury after Trauma/Hemorrhagic Shock via the Release of HMGB1 from the Gut (2015)

The mechanisms that lead to the development of remote lung injury after trauma remain unknown, although a central role for the gut in the induction of lung injury has been postulated. We hypothesized that the development of remote lung injury after trauma/hemorrhagic shock requires activation of TLR4 in the intestinal epithelium, and we sought to determine the mechanisms involved. We show that trauma/hemorrhagic shock caused lung injury in wild-type mice, but not in mice that lack TLR4 in the intestinal epithelium, confirming the importance of intestinal TLR4 activation in the process. Activation of intestinal TLR4 after trauma led to increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, enterocyte apoptosis, and the release of circulating HMGB1, whereas inhibition of ER stress attenuated apoptosis, reduced circulating HMGB1, and decreased lung injury severity. Neutralization of circulating HMGB1 led to reduced severity of lung injury after trauma, and mice that lack HMGB1 in the intestinal epithelium were protected from the development of lung injury, confirming the importance of the intestine as the source of HMGB1, whose release of HMGB1 induced a rapid protein kinase C ζ-mediated internalization of surface tight junctions in the pulmonary epithelium. Strikingly, the use of a novel small-molecule TLR4 inhibitor reduced intestinal ER stress, decreased circulating HMGB1, and preserved lung architecture after trauma. Thus, intestinal epithelial TLR4 activation leads to HMGB1 release from the gut and the development of lung injury, whereas strategies that block upstream TLR4 signaling may offer pulmonary protective strategies after trauma.
Activation of plasminogen by pro-urokinase. II. Kinetics. (1986)

The kinetics of the activation of plasminogen by recombinant pro-urokinase obtained by expression of human urokinase cDNA in Escherichia coli was studied. The conversion of pro-urokinase (U) and plasminogen (P) to urokinase (u) and plasmin (p) is represented by a sequence of three reactions which each obey Michaelis-Menten kinetics, i.e. (Formula: see text). In this model, pro-urokinase formally behaves as an enzyme in Reaction I and as a substrate in reaction II. The experimentally measured overall rates of formation of urokinase and plasmin are in good agreement with those calculated from the kinetic parameters and the initial concentrations of pro-urokinase and plasminogen, confirming the validity of the model. It appears that recombinant pro-urokinase is an equally potent activator of plasminogen (k2/Km = 0.05 microM-1 s-1), as in urokinase (k"2/K"m = 0.02 microM-1 s-1). This is due to the fact that the proenzyme, which is virtually inactive toward low Mr substrates for urokinase, forms an intermediate of the Michaelis-Menten type with plasminogen, with a much higher affinity than that of the active enzyme with its substrate. This is an exceptional phenomenon among the serine proteases.