gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in Plasma Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels After Treatment With Oral Isotretinoin (1983)

Twenty men with nodulocystic acne were treated with oral isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) for four months. Plasma lipids and lipoprotein determinations were obtained before and during treatment to quantitate the effects of oral isotretinoin on lipid metabolism. Maximum isotretinoin-induced elevations in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels were 67% and 16%, respectively. Additional maximal changes included very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increases of 56%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increases of 22%, and high-density lipoprotein decreases of 10% from pretreatment values. Chronic increases in plasma cholesterol levels, increases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and decreases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may predispose subjects to premature atherosclerosis. Because of the potential for unmasking an occult lipid or lipoprotein disorder, the plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles of subjects receiving isotretinoin should be carefully monitored.
Scratchpad memory: a design alternative for cache on-chip memory in embedded systems (2003)

In this paper we address the problem of on-chip memory selection for computationally intensive applications, by proposing scratch pad memory as an alternative to cache. Area and energy for different scratch pad and cache sizes are computed using the CACTI tool while performance was evaluated using the trace results of the simulator. The target processor chosen for evaluation was AT91M40400. The results clearly establish scratehpad memory as a low power alternative in most situations with an average energy reducation of 40%. Further the average area-time reduction for the seratchpad memory was 46% of the cache memory.
Cellulose Fermentation by an Asporogenous Mutant and an Ethanol-Tolerant Mutant of Clostridium thermocellum (1989)

Two mutants of Clostridium thermocellum were isolated after UV light mutagenesis. Mutant A1, selected as asporogenous, exhibited a fermentation pattern similar to that of the wild type. However, at pH 6.5, the mutant degraded 12% more cellulose than did the wild type, leading to enhanced ethanol production. Mutant 647, selected as ethanol tolerant, was able to grow in medium containing 4% ethanol. During the early stage of the exponential growth phase, ethanol was produced as the main product, up to a concentration of about 9 g/liter. After 3 days of culture, 48.3 g (89% of the initial amount) of degraded cellulose per liter was fermented into 12.7 g of ethanol per liter.
Genetics of Yeast Mannoprotein Biosynthesis (1980)

In this paper I intend to summarize what we know about yeast mannoprotein structure, what features of the biosynthetic pathway have heen defined, how genetic techniques have been useful in gaining this information, and what is known about the genetic control of mannoprotein biosynthesis. Yeast Mannoprotein Structure Prior to 1965, the limited information available was due mainly to the methylation studies of Haworth et al. (1) which indicated that yeast mannan was a highly-branched polysaccharide with 1→2, 1→3 and 1→6 linkages, in no specific order. Dramatic developments have occurred during the last 10 years that have revolutionized our understanding of the structure of this very complex glycoprotein we now call a mannoprotein. The first important development was the acetolysis procedure, first applied by Gorin and Perlin (2) and then extended in a series of papers in our laboratory (3-10), that allowed selective cleavage of the 1→6 linkages in the mannan
Alzheimer's Disease (2004)

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is predicted to reach 13.2 million cases in the United States. This article considers current therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease. Optimal management requires accurate diagnosis, which is increasingly based on an understanding of pathophysiology. Neuroprotective strategies, cholinesterase inhibitors, psychopharmacologic agents that may reduce behavioral disturbances, and newer agents such as memantine are discussed.
Molecular Platform for Design and Synthesis of Targeted Dual-Modality Imaging Probes (2015)

We report a versatile dendritic structure based platform for construction of targeted dual-modality imaging probes. The platform contains multiple copies of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) branching out from a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid (NOTA) core. The specific coordination chemistries of the NOTA and DOTA moieties offer specific loading of (68/67)Ga(3+) and Gd(3+), respectively, into a common molecular scaffold. The platform also contains three amino groups which can potentiate targeted dual-modality imaging of PET/MRI or SPECT/MRI (PET: positron emission tomography; SPECT: single photon emission computed tomography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging) when further functionalized by targeting vectors of interest. To validate this design concept, a bimetallic complex was synthesized with six peripheral Gd-DOTA units and one Ga-NOTA core at the center, whose ion T1 relaxivity per gadolinium atom was measured to be 15.99 mM(-1) s(-1) at 20 MHz. Further, the bimetallic agent demonstrated its anticipated in vivo stability, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetic profile when labeled with (67)Ga. When conjugated with a model targeting peptide sequence, the trivalent construct was able to visualize tumors in a mouse xenograft model by both PET and MRI via a single dose injection.
Handover between LTE and 3G Radio Access Technologies:: Test measurement challenges and field environment test planning (2012)

LTE (Long Term Evolution) on neljännen sukupolven matkapuhelinverkkoteknologia, joka tarjoaa paremman suorituskyvyn verrattuna perinteisiin matkapuhelinverkkoihin. Tehostettu ilmarajapinta sekä litteä, "puhdas-IP" -pakettidatalle optimoitu verkko-arkkitehtuuri tarjoavat parempia siirtonopeuksia ja lyhyempiä siirtoviiveitä käyttäjille, sekä operaattoreille kustannustehokasta toimintaa. Ensimmäisten kaupallisten LTE-verkkojen käyttöönotto perustuu todennäköisesti paikallisverkkoihin suurissa kaupungeissa. Suunnitteltuna tavoitteena on kuitenkin tarjota maailmanlaajuinen mobiilipalvelu, jonka avulla tilaajat saavat mistä vain ja milloin vain yhteyden sekä operaattorin, että Internetin tarjoamiin palveluihin, ja että yhteys myös pysyy päällä, kun käyttäjät ovat liikkeellä. Saumattoman palvelun tarjoamiseksi, solunvaihto LTE:n ja perinteisten radio-teknologioiden kuten GSM:n ja UMTS:n välillä on välttämätön ominaisuus. Tämän työn tutkimusaihe on aktiivinen solunvaihto LTE:n ja 3G matkapuhelinverkkojen, mikä on tärkeä toiminnallisuus operaattoreille, jotka pyrkivät tarjoamaan kattavaa mobiilipalvelua. Täytettääkseen tietyt palvelun laatua koskevat vaatimukset, tämän toiminnallisuuden täytyy käydä läpi kehitysprosessi, joka sisältää perusteellisen toiminnallisuus-, suorituskyky-sekä viankorjaustestaamisen. Tässä työssä esitellään testaussuunnitelma, sekä työkalut ja menetelmät testien suorittamiseen. Verkon suorituskykyä kuvaavat mittarit, kuten solunvaihdon onnistumisprosentti, yhteyden katkeamisprosentti, tiedonsiirtonopeus ja solunvaihdon viive esitellään yksityiskohtaisesti. Luotettavien tuloksien saamiseksi mittaukset suoritetaan kenttätesteinä, jotta radio-olosuhteet ovat realistisia. Oikeiden työkalujen avulla, kuten ilmarajapintaa analysoiva XCAL-ohjelmisto, voidaan tuottaa tuloksia, jotka vastaavat operaattorien tekemiä testauksia kaupallisissa LTE-verkoissa.
Effect of Organic Solvents as Gelating Agents on Performance of Chitosan Membranes for Ultrafiltration. (1993)

酢酸水溶液をキャスト溶媒として, キトサン限外ろ過膜を相転換法により調製した. 膜性能を向上させるため, 種々の有機溶媒をゲル化浴剤として用い, 膜形成能と膜性能に対するゲル化浴剤の効果を, ゲル化挙動の観点から検討した. 良好な膜形成能を示すゲル化浴剤は, キトサン溶液とゲル化浴剤との混合における熱変化によって, 2群に分類された. 混合時に吸熱変化を示すゲル化浴剤群では緻密な膜を形成し, 発熱変化を示す群では粗な膜を形成した。また発熱変化を示すゲル化浴剤群では, より流動度の高いゲル化浴剤ほど, より粗な膜を形成した. これらの結果は, キャスト溶媒の水に対するゲル化浴剤の親和性, ならびにキトサン濃厚溶液相の水とゲル化浴剤の相対交換速度が膜性能を決める因子として重要であることを示している.
Neue Wege in der Chemie der Pyridazone (1965)

Abstract Ausgehend von einer neuen Synthese der Mucochlorsäure durch Chlorierung von Butindiol wird die Herstellung von 4.5‐Dichlorpyridazonen beschrieben. Diese Verbindungen reagieren beispielsweise sehr leicht mit Phenolen, Alkoholen, Aminen, Säureamiden, Hydrazinen, Mercapto‐Verbindungen, Aziden und Nitriten. Durch Austausch der Chloratome wurden neue, zum Teil durch biologische Wirksamkeit ausgezeichnete Stoffklassen erschlossen. Kondensations‐ oder Umlagerungsreaktionen führten zu neuen heterocyclischen Ringsystemen.
Regulation of Dynactin through the Differential Expression of p150Glued Isoforms (2008)

Cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin interact to drive microtubule-based transport in the cell. The p150Glued subunit of dynactin binds to dynein, and directly to microtubules. We have identified alternatively spliced isoforms of p150Glued that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and which differ significantly in their affinity for microtubules. Live cell assays indicate that these alternatively spliced isoforms also differ significantly in their microtubule plus end-tracking activity, suggesting a mechanism by which the cell may regulate the dynamic localization of dynactin. To test the function of the microtubule-binding domain of p150Glued, we used RNAi to deplete the endogenous polypeptide from HeLa cells, followed by rescue with constructs encoding either the full-length polypeptide or an isoform lacking the microtubule-binding domain. Both constructs fully rescued defects in Golgi morphology induced by depletion of p150Glued, indicating that an independent microtubule-binding site in dynactin may not be required for dynactin-mediated trafficking in some mammalian cell types. In neurons, however, a mutation within the microtubule-binding domain of p150Glued results in motor neuron disease; here we investigate the effects of four other mutations in highly conserved domains of the polypeptide (M571T, R785W, R1101K, and T1249I) associated in genetic studies with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Both biochemical and cellular assays reveal that these amino acid substitutions do not result in functional differences, suggesting that these sequence changes are either allelic variants or contributory risk factors rather than causative for motor neuron disease. Together, these studies provide further insight into the regulation of dynein-dynactin function in the cell.
Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) Fibers for Photovoltaic Applications (2007)

Abstract A new method for the preparation of active layers of polymeric solar cells without the need for thermal post‐treatment to obtain optimal performance is presented. Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers are obtained in highly concentrated solutions, which enables the fabrication of nanostructured films on various substrates. Here, the preparation of these fibers along with their characterization in solution and in the solid state is detailed. By mixing these nanofibers with a molecular acceptor such as [6,6]‐phenyl C 61 ‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in solution, it is possible to obtain in a simple process a highly efficient active layer for organic solar cells with a demonstrated power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 3.6 %. The compatibility of the room‐temperature process developed herein with commonly used plastic substrates may lead to applications such as the development of large‐area flexible solar cells.
Innate lymphoid cells and cytokines of the novel subtypes of helper T cells in asthma (2014)

We showed the importance of IL-25, IL-22, IL-17, and IL-9 cytokines in patients with asthma as their expression levels are increased and these increase are correlated with the severity of the disease. We also showed that the increased amount of ILCs in asthmatics could confirm their potential role in the immunopathogenesis of asthma as another source of inflammatory cytokines.
Single-Crystal CdSe Nanosaws (2003)

We report the first successful synthesis and characterization of single-crystal wurtzite CdSe nanoribbons through a simple thermal evaporation process. Asymmetric growth of the nanoribbons occurs, yielding a sawlike shape with sharp teeth on one side. This asymmetric growth is suggested to be induced by the polarization of the c-plane in the wurtzite crystal structure.
A Universal UHF RFID Reader IC in 0.18-µm CMOS Technology (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A highly integrated UHF RFID reader IC in 0.18-<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m CMOS process covering the entire 860 MHz to 960 MHz RFID band supporting the EPCglobal™ Class-1 Generation-2 and ISO-18000-6A/B/C standards is presented. The IC features a transmitter with an output of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$+$</tex></formula>10 dBm and a receiver with sensitivity of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$-$</tex></formula>96 dBm in listen-before-talk mode (LBT) and <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$-$</tex></formula>85 dBm in talk-mode. Direct-conversion architecture is used for the receiver for a high level of integration and low power consumption. On-chip dual-loop synthesizer generates high-purity LO signal with frequency resolution of 50 kHz and phase noise of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$-$</tex></formula>101 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset over the entire 860 to 960 MHz band. The IC integrates 10-bit DACs, pulse-shaping filters, an IQ modulator and a power amplifier in the transmit chain and a low-noise amplifier (LNA), an IQ downconverter, channel-select filters, variable-gain amplifiers and 10-bit ADCs in the receive chain. On-chip ASK demodulator provides demodulated I and Q raw data outputs. The chip has a die area of 6 mm <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\times$</tex> </formula> 6 mm. It operates over a wide range of voltage and temperature, from 1.6 V to 2.0 V and from <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$-{\hbox{25}}\,^{\circ}$</tex></formula>C to <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$+{\hbox{75}}\,^{\circ}$</tex></formula>C and consumes 540 mW from a 1.8 V supply at <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$+{\hbox{25}}\,^{\circ}$</tex> </formula>C. </para>
Template based method of edge linking using a weighted decision (2002)

In robot vision the detection of edges of an image serves to simplify the data, in the early stages, into a form which is more easily processed. But because of noise or due to the inherent weaknesses of the chosen edge detector, gaps or interruptions in the edges may occur. These gaps must be filled or linked to form a more continuous edge. A new method of edge linking is proposed that makes use of a weighting system based on edge segment position, direction, and magnitude in deciding the optimal choice of which edge segments to link. Edge pixels are labeled and formed into edge segments, and the edge segments are then linked based on the decision of the weighting system. As a result of the unique way in which the gaps between edge segments are filled, distortion of the edge image is kept minimal, the proposed edge linker can be combined with different edge detection schemes. Comparisons with a method previously proposed by the authors shows an improvement in the quality of the linked edge map produced as well as a savings in computational time.
Transitional concentration of antibacterial agent to the maxillary sinus via a nebuliser. (1996)

Surface and tissue transitional concentration of 3% FOM aerosol for treatment of paranasal sinusitis was examined in 18 patients (21 sides) who underwent the Caldwell-Luc operation. In this operation, patients have a bony window on the sinus; we therefore investigated the difference of compliance of the maxillary sinus between when we closed the bony window with subcutaneous tissue and when we did it with a silicone sheet before the FOM nebulization. No significance was found in the mean concentration of FOM either at the maxillary sinus surface or in the tissue with or without the use of the silicone sheet. We also examined the concentration using a jet-type nebulizer and an ultra-sonic type nebulizer. Using the ultrasonic-type nebulizer resulted in a higher transitional concentration at two sites of the maxillary sinus surface than when using the jet-type nebulizer. The results suggest that the ultrasonic-type nebulizer is more effective in the treatment of paranasal sinusitis than the jet-type, and that there was no change of maxillary sinus compliance with or without a bony window.
Routability-driven repeater block planning for interconnect-centric floorplanning (2001)

In this paper we present a repeater block planning algorithm for interconnect-centric floorplanning. We introduce the concept of independent feasible regions for repeaters and derive an analytical formula for their computation. We develop a routability-driven repeater clustering algorithm to perform repeater block planning based on iterative deletion. The goal is to obtain a high quality solution for the repeater block locations so that performance-driven interconnect synthesis at the routing stage can be carried out with ease, while minimizing the chip area. Experimental results show that our method increases the percentage of all global nets that meet their target delays from 67.5% in [8] to 85%. Meanwhile, our approach is able to minimize the expected routing congestion, making it easier for performance-driven routers to synthesize global nets that require the insertion of repeaters to meet timing constraints.
Three-Dimensional Displays: A Review and Applications Analysis (2011)

S. Benton published a definitive taxonomy of the first one hundred and seventy years of 3D displays covering the field up to the year 2000. In this article we review how display technologies have advanced in the last ten years and update Benton's taxonomy to include the latest additions. Our aim is to produce a display taxonomy suitable for content producers highlighting which displays have common requirements for image delivery. We also analyze key technical characteristics of 3D displays and use these characteristics to suggest the future applications for each category of display.
SU5416 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (Flk-1/KDR) that inhibits tyrosine kinase catalysis, tumor vascularization, and growth of multiple tumor types. (1999)

SU5416, a novel synthetic compound, is a potent and selective inhibitor of the Flk-1/KDR receptor tyrosine kinase that is presently under evaluation in Phase I clinical studies for the treatment of human cancers. SU5416 was shown to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent mitogenesis of human endothelial cells without inhibiting the growth of a variety of tumor cells in vitro. In contrast, systemic administration of SU5416 at nontoxic doses in mice resulted in inhibition of subcutaneous tumor growth of cells derived from various tissue origins. The antitumor effect of SU5416 was accompanied by the appearance of pale white tumors that were resected from drug-treated animals, supporting the antiangiogenic property of this agent. These findings support that pharmacological inhibition of the enzymatic activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor represents a novel strategy for limiting the growth of a wide variety of tumor types.
Structural characterization of GaN and GaAsxN1−x grown by electron cyclotron resonance-metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (1994)

Electron cyclotron resonance-metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy has been used to deposit GaN and GaAsxN1−x layers on various substrates. This paper will report on the structural characterization of this material, as measured by x-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. GaAsxN1−x layers grown on GaAs appear to be cubic while those grown on GaP are surprisingly hexagonal. The hexagonal phase is also observed under some growth conditions in material grown on GaAs, however, the cubic phase can be obtained by optimizing the parameters which affect the initial nucleation. Conditions such as pre-deposition annealing and growth temperature are critical in determining the phase and crystallinity of the resulting layers. Because of the reduced mismatch between GaN and GaP, the cubic phase of GaN can be more easily nucleated on GaP substrates than on GaAs wafers using similar growth conditions. However, the films under all growth conditions are fine-grained polycrystalline. The impact on film quality of various strain dissipation schemes, such as grading the group V species across the As (or P)–N interface, will also be discussed.
TrkA‐immunoreactive profiles in the central nervous system: Colocalization with neurons containing p75 nerve growth factor receptor, choline acetyltransferase, and serotonin (1994)

The present investigation used an antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the signal transducing nerve growth factor receptor, trkA, to reveal immunoreactive perikarya or fibers within the olfactory bulb and tubercle, cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens, striatum, endopiriform nucleus, septal/diagonal band complex, nucleus basalis, hippocampal complex, thalamic paraventricular and reuniens nuclei, periventricular hypothalamus, interpeduncular nucleus, mesencephalic nucleus of the fifth nerve, dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, ventral cochlear nucleus, ventral lateral tegmentum, medial vestibular nucleus, spinal trigeminal nucleus oralis, nucleus of the solitary tract, raphe nuclei, and spinal cord. Colocalization experiments revealed that virtually all striatal trkA-immunoreactive neurons (> 99%) coexpressed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) but not p75 nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR). Within the septal/diagonal band complex virtually all trkA neurons (> 95%) coexpressed both ChAT and p75 NGFR. More caudally, dual stained sections revealed numerous trkA/ChAT (> 80%) and trkA/p75 NGFR (> 95%) immunoreactive neurons within the nucleus basalis. In the brainstem, raphe serotonergic neurons (45%) coexpressed trkA. Sections stained with a pan-trk antibody that recognizes primarily trkA, as well as trkB and trkC, labeled neurons within all of these regions as well as within the hypothalamic arcuate, supramammilary, and supraoptic nuclei, hippocampus, inferior and superior colliculus, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area of T'sai, and cerebellular Purkinje cells. Virtually all of these other regions with the exception of the cerebellum also expressed pan-trk immunoreactivity in the monkey. The widespread expression of trkA throughout the central neural axis suggests that this receptor may play a role in signal transduction mechanisms linked to NGF-related substances in cholinergic basal forebrain and noncholinergic systems. These findings suggest that pharmacological use of ligands for trkA could have beneficial effects on the multiple neuronal systems that are affected in such disorders as Alzheimer's disease.
Antipyretic Potency of Centrally Administered α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (1983)

Centrally administered alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone is much more potent in reducing fever than the widely used antipyretic acetaminophen. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endogenous neuropeptide has a role in the limitation of fever and suggests that it may be clinically useful as an antipyretic.