gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules (1994)

In the 9 years since the last review on leukocyte and endothelial interactions was published in this journal many of the critical structures involved in leukocyte adherence to and migration across endothelium have been elucidated. With the advent of cell and molecular biology approaches, investigations have progressed from the early descriptions by intravital microscopy and histology, to functional and immunologic characterization of adhesion molecules, and now to the development of genetically deficient animals and the first phase I trial of "anti-adhesion" therapy in humans. The molecular cloning and definition of the adhesive functions of the leukocyte integrins, endothelial members of the Ig gene superfamily, and the selectins has already provided sufficient information to construct an operative paradigm of the molecular basis of leukocyte emigration. The regulation of these adhesion molecules by chemoattractants, cytokines, or chemokines, and the interrelationships of adhesion pathways need to be examined in vitro and, particularly, in vivo. Additional studies are required to dissect the contribution of the individual adhesion molecules to leukocyte emigration in various models of inflammation or immune reaction. Certainly, new adhesion structures will be identified, and the current paradigm of leukocyte emigration will be refined. The promise of new insights into the biology and pathology of the inflammatory and immune response, and the potential for new therapies for a wide variety of diseases assures that this will continue to be an exciting area of investigation.
Fast image database search using tree-structured VQ (2002)

We exploit the techniques of tree structured vector quantization (TSVQ), branch and bound search, and the triangle inequality to speed the search of large image databases. Our method can reduce search computation required to locate images which best match a query image provided by a user. While exact search is possible, a free parameter allows search accuracy to be reduced, thereby providing a substantially better speed-up versus accuracy tradeoff.
Structure of crystals of hard colloidal spheres (1989)

We report light-scattering measurements of powder diffraction patterns of crystals of essentially hard colloidal spheres. These are consistent with structures formed by stacking close-packed planes of particles in a sequence of permitted lateral positions, A,B,C, which shows a high degree of randomness. Crystals grown slowly, while still containing many stacking faults, show a tendency towards face-centered-cubic packing: possible explanations for this observation are discussed.
Single‐shot magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging with partial parallel imaging (2008)

A magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) pulse sequence based on proton-echo-planar-spectroscopic-imaging (PEPSI) is introduced that measures two-dimensional metabolite maps in a single excitation. Echo-planar spatial-spectral encoding was combined with interleaved phase encoding and parallel imaging using SENSE to reconstruct absorption mode spectra. The symmetrical k-space trajectory compensates phase errors due to convolution of spatial and spectral encoding. Single-shot MRSI at short TE was evaluated in phantoms and in vivo on a 3-T whole-body scanner equipped with a 12-channel array coil. Four-step interleaved phase encoding and fourfold SENSE acceleration were used to encode a 16 x 16 spatial matrix with a 390-Hz spectral width. Comparison with conventional PEPSI and PEPSI with fourfold SENSE acceleration demonstrated comparable sensitivity per unit time when taking into account g-factor-related noise increases and differences in sampling efficiency. LCModel fitting enabled quantification of inositol, choline, creatine, and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in vivo with concentration values in the ranges measured with conventional PEPSI and SENSE-accelerated PEPSI. Cramer-Rao lower bounds were comparable to those obtained with conventional SENSE-accelerated PEPSI at the same voxel size and measurement time. This single-shot MRSI method is therefore suitable for applications that require high temporal resolution to monitor temporal dynamics or to reduce sensitivity to tissue movement.
Rod-cone interactions assessed in inferred magnocellular and parvocellular postreceptoral pathways (2001)

Interactions between receptor-isolating rod and long (L)- or middle (M)-wavelength-sensitive cone modulations at 2 Hz and 10 Hz were analyzed in terms of underlying inferred magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) postreceptoral pathways. Stimuli originated from a colorimeter with 4 primaries in both the center and surround fields. The first experiment employed a phase paradigm in which the thresholds for mixed rod and cone modulations were measured as a function of relative phase. The amplitudes of the rod and cone modulations, equated in threshold units, were varied in tandem. In the second experiment, thresholds for mixed rod and cone modulations were measured as a function of the ratio of the rod and cone modulation amplitudes for 2 fixed phase offsets. Both experiments yielded similar interpretations of rod and L- (or M-) cone interactions. At 1 and 10 troland (td), rod and L- (or M-) cone interactions varied depending on the postreceptoral pathways underlying the detection. When cone thresholds were mediated by the inferred MC pathway, rod and cone thresholds showed almost linear summation. When cone thresholds were mediated by the inferred PC pathway, rod and cone thresholds showed probability summation. Assuming that signals within the same pathway follow linear summation, and signals traveling in different pathways follow probability summation, we concluded that the rod thresholds were mediated by the inferred MC pathway for both the 2-Hz and 10-Hz conditions.
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Reporters for the Optical Detection of Glucose (2009)

This article reviews current efforts to make glucose sensors based on the inherent optical properties of single walled carbon nanotubes. The advantages of single walled carbon nanotubes over traditional organic and nanoparticle fluorophores for in vivo-sensing applications are discussed. Two recent glucose sensors made by our group are described, with the first being an enzyme-based glucose sensor that couples a reaction mediator, which quenches nanotube fluorescence, on the surface of the nanotube with the reaction of the enzyme. The second sensor is based on competitive equilibrium binding between dextran-coated nanotubes and concanavalin A. The biocompatibility of a model sensor is examined using the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane as a tissue model. The advantages of measuring glucose concentration directly, like most optical sensors, versus measuring the flux in glucose concentration, like most electrochemical sensors, is discussed.
Oliguria from high intra- abdominal pressure secondary to ovarian mass (1987)

Oliguria in association with elevated intra-abdominal pressure developed in a patient with an ovarian mass. Operative decompression of the abdomen reversed the oliguric state. Clinically, laparotomy may be indicated in the presence of decreasing urinary output and elevated intra-abdominal pressure.
Electrophysiological End Point for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Initiated From Multiple Pulmonary Venous Foci (2000)

Multiple PV foci are involved in initiation of AF, and elimination of PV muscle conduction is associated with clinical success.
Senescence mechanisms (1997)

Senescence in plants is usually viewed as an internally programmed degeneration leading to death. It is a developmental process that occurs in many different tissues and serves different purposes. Generally, apoptosis refers to programmed death of small numbers of animal cells, and it shows some special features at the cell level. Some senescing plant cells show some symptoms typical of apoptosis, while others do not. This review will focus primarily on leaf senescence with ultimate aim of explaining whole plant senescence (i.e., monocarpic senescence). Traditionally, the ideas on senescence mechanisms fall into two major groupings, nutrient deficiencies (e.g., starvation) and genetic programming (i.e., senescence‐promoting and senescence‐inhibiting genes). Considerable evidence indicates that nutrient deficiencies are not central senescence program components, while increasing evidence supports genetic programming. Because chlorophyll (Chl) and chloroplast (CP) breakdown are so prominent, leaf senescence is generally measured in terms of Chl loss. Although CP breakdown may not be the proximate cause of leaf cell death, it certainly is important as a source of nutrients for use elsewhere, e.g., for developing reproductive structures in monocarpic plants, and this loss limits assimilatory capacity. The CP is dismantled in an orderly sequence. Individual protein complexes seem to be taken out all at once, not one subunit at a time. Removal of any component, e.g., Chl, seems to destabilize the whole complex. It is of special interest that senescing CPs secrete Chl‐containing globules indicating that some CP components are broken down outside the CP. Senescence appears to be imposed on the CP by the nucleus, and all the known senescence‐altering genes except one, cytG in soybean, are nuclear. Only the d 1 d 2 mutation(s) in soybean prevents a broad range of leaf senescence processes. Exactly, what causes cell death is unclear; however, the selective thiol protease inhibitor, E‐64, does delay death, and this suggests that proteases play a key role.
Athermal waveguides for temperature-independent lightwave devices (1993)

The central waveguide of narrowband optical filters is quite sensitive to temperature. This is an obstacle to the broad use of optical frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) systems. Since this undesired characteristic is caused by the temperature dependence of optical path length in the filter, one can stabilize the filtering characteristics if such dependence is successfully eliminated. Thus, a temperature-independent optical waveguide (athermal waveguide), with an optical path length independent of temperature obtained by canceling out the positive dependence of ordinary optical materials with the negative temperature coefficient of the refractive index of some special materials like polymers, is proposed. The experimental result shows that the temperature dependence of optical path length is reduced to -7% of that of conventional glass waveguides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synchronized Inhibition of the Phospholipid Mediated Autoactivation of Factor XII in Plasma by β2-glycoprotein I and Anti-β2-glycoprotein I (1995)

Lupus anticoagulants are a group of antibodies commonly found in patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus anticoagulants inhibit phospholipid dependent coagulation and may bind to negatively charged phospholipids. Recent studies have suggested an association between anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I and a lupus anticoagulant, whose activity is frequently dependent on the presence of beta 2-glycoprotein I. Based on these observations, the effect of anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I on the autoactivation of factor XII in plasma was investigated. Autoactivation initiated by the presence of negatively charged phospholipids, but not by sulfatide, was strongly inhibited by immunoaffinity purified anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I. The dose-response curve of anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I was identical with that of a precipitating antibody, showing no inhibition at low and high antibody dilutions and maximal inhibition at an intermediate dilution. At high antibody concentrations, an increased rate of factor XIIa activation was observed. This increase was of the same magnitude as the decreased rate observed in plasma supplemented with the same amount of beta 2-glycoprotein I as in the plasma itself. This confirms the inhibitory effect of beta 2-GP-I on the contact activation and shows that inhibition is effective on the autoactivation of factor XII in plasma. The inhibitory action of beta 2-glycoprotein I was independent of the inhibition caused by the anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I/beta 2 glycoprotein I complex suggesting a synchronized inhibition of factor XII autoactivation by beta 2-glycoprotein I and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I. The inhibition caused by the antibody is suggested to be caused by a reduced availability of negatively charged phospholipids due to the binding of the anti-beta 2-GP-I/beta 2-GP-I complex. This complex may be a lupus anticoagulant.
Constitutive expression of VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 in normal eyes. (1999)

VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 are constitutively expressed in the vascularized tissues of normal eyes.
Neomycin resistance as a dominant selectable marker for selection and isolation of vaccinia virus recombinants. (1985)

The antibiotic G418 was shown to be an effective inhibitor of vaccinia virus replication when an appropriate concentration of it was added to cell monolayers 48 h before infection. Genetic engineering techniques were used in concert with DNA transfection protocols to construct vaccinia virus recombinants containing the neomycin resistance gene (neo) from transposon Tn5. These recombinants contained the neo gene linked in either the correct or incorrect orientation relative to the vaccinia virus 7.5-kilodalton gene promoter which is expressed constitutively throughout the course of infection. The vaccinia virus recombinant containing the chimeric neo gene in the proper orientation was able to grow and form plaques in the presence of G418, whereas both the wild-type and the recombinant virus with the neo gene in the opposite polarity were inhibited by more than 98%. The effect of G418 on virus growth may be mediated at least in part by selective inhibition of the synthesis of a subset of late viral proteins. These results are discussed with reference to using this system, the conferral of resistance to G418 with neo as a positive selectable marker, to facilitate constructing vaccinia virus recombinants which contain foreign genes of interest.
Generalized Laguerre Reduction of the Volterra Kernel for Practical Identification of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems (2014)

The Volterra series can be used to model a large subset of nonlinear, dynamic systems. A major drawback is the number of coefficients required model such systems. In order to reduce the number of required coefficients, Laguerre polynomials are used to estimate the Volterra kernels. Existing literature proposes algorithms for a fixed number of Volterra kernels, and Laguerre series. This paper presents a novel algorithm for generalized calculation of the finite order Volterra-Laguerre (VL) series for a MIMO system. An example addresses the utility of the algorithm in practical application.
Two-stage adaptive power amplifier MMIC for handset applications (2005)

A high-linearity and high-efficiency MMIC power amplifier is demonstrated adopting a new on-chip adaptive bias circuit, which improves efficiency at the low output power level and linearity at the high output power level automatically. The intelligent two-stage W-CDMA power amplifier using the newly proposed adaptive bias circuit extends the maximum linear output power of 0.6 dB and exhibits an improvement of average power usage efficiency by 1.85 times with a quiescent current of 36 mA.
Charge Density Wave Caused by Reducing ThSe3 by One Electron. Superstructure and Short-Range Order in ATh2Se6 (A = K, Rb) Studied by X-ray Diffraction, Electron Diffraction, and Diffuse Scattering (1998)

The two isostructural compounds, ATh2Se6 (A = K, Rb), adopt the orthorhombic space group Immm. ATh2Se6 has a two-dimensional structure which is related to the ZrSe3-type structure with K+/Rb+ cations stabilized between the layers. These compounds represent the intercalated form of ThSe3 with 0.5 equiv of alkali metal ion. The stacking arrangement of the layers is slightly modified from that of ZrSe3 in order to stabilize the newly introduced alkali metal ions between the layers. Electron diffraction studies reveal a static charge density wave (CDW), due to electron localization, resulting in 4a × 4b superstructure. An atomic pair distribution function analysis and spectroscopy confirmed the presence of diselenide groups in the ZrSe3-type layer (invisible by the single-crystal structure analysis) and support the notion that these Se atoms in the [Th2Se6] layers accept the extra electron from the alkali metal, and this results in breaking one out of four diselenide bonds. The superstructure is due to ordering of the three Se22- and two Se2- species along both directions. Optical absorption, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements support these conclusions.
Mobile multicast (MoM) protocol (1997)

Thii paper describes a new protocol to support IP multicast for mobile hosts in an IP internetwork. It uses the basic unicast routing capability of IETF Mobile IP as a foundation, and leverages existing IP multicast to provide multicast services for mobile hosts as well. We believe that the resulting scheme is simple, scalable, transparent, and to the extent possible, independent of the underlying multicast routing facility.
A mild and general method for the synthesis of 0-glycosides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA mild and general method for the synthesis of 0-glycosidesK. C. Nicolaou, S. P. Seitz, and D. P. PapahatjisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 8, 2430–2434Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00346a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00346a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1773Altmetric-Citations247LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Amyloid fibril formation in microwell plates for screening of inhibitors (2001)

Fibril formation is the basis of amyloid production in a number of disease states, such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes and immunocytic dyscrasias. Compounds that inhibit fibril formation could be directly relevant to the treatment of amyloid diseases, and may also provide a foundation for the development of interventions in other molecular condensation diseases ranging from sickle cell anemia to atherosclerosis. We developed an economical and convenient high-throughput method for screening compounds against fibril formation in microwell plates. Chalcones, flavonoids and biflavonoids were screened against fibril formation by a recombinant antibody variable domain (V1). Chalcones 6 and 14 were found to demonstrate inhibition at 0.1 microM in 79 microM of protein solution in both test tube and microwell plate assays. The concentration of protein in the microwell plate assay could be as low as 5 microM using ThT as a monitoring agent. Molecular modeling studies indicated that both compounds could be individually docked into a binding site at the monomer-monomer interface of the V(L) protein dimer. These studies suggested that these compounds could potentially stabilize the VL dimer and therefore reduce its tendency to form fibrils. These findings may provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach to prevent or treat amyloid diseases.
Illuminating micro geometry based on precomputed visibility (2000)

Many researchers have been arguing that geometry, bump maps, and BRDFs present a hierarchy of detail that should be exploited for efficient rendering purposes. In practice however, this is often not possible due to inconsistencies in the illumination for these different levels of detail. For example, while bump map rendering often only considers direct illumination and no shadows, geometry-based rendering and BRDFs will mostly also respect shadowing effects, and in many cases even indirect illumination caused by scattered light.
CURRENT BLADDER TUMOR TESTS: DOES THEIR PROJECTED UTILITY FULFILL CLINICAL NECESSITY? (2001)

Although currently noninvasive bladder cancer tests cannot replace cystoscopy, some have shown a promise of being clinically useful. One or a combination of these tests-markers may prove to be a prostate specific antigen for bladder cancer provided that patients and, more importantly, clinicians accept it.
Electrophysiological Characteristics and Catheter Ablation in Patients With Paroxysmal Right Atrial Fibrillation (2005)

RA ablation still can cure selected patients with PAF. Linear ablation of the RA substrate guided by the electrophysiological characteristics of RA-AF is an effective approach for treating this specific group of patients with AF.
Design of ENA® gapmers as fine-tuning antisense oligonucleotides with sequence-specific inhibitory activity on mouse PADI4 mRNA expression (2006)

In order to evaluate the function of the mouse peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) gene, gapmer-designed ENA antisense oligonucleotides were utilized. Antisense ENA gapmers were found to inhibit the mRNA expression of the PADI4 gene, but ENA gapmers with sense sequences as controls only partially inhibited this mRNA expression. An in vitro E. coli RNase H reaction analysis using transcripts of the PADI4 gene and their ENA gapmers revealed that the mixtures of the transcripts and ENA gapmers with sense sequences were cleaved at non-target sites by RNase H derived from partial base-pairing between the transcript and the ENA gapmer. In an in vitro E. coli RNase H reaction analysis, when the DNA region of the ENA gapmer was shortened to 5 or 6 nucleotides, the non-target cleavage disappeared and the specific inhibition of PADI4 mRNA expression was observed. These results demonstrated that ENA gapmers with a short DNA region improved the sequence-specificity of mRNA down-regulation. As well, they suggest that we should be alert to the utility of antisense oligonucleotides with a wide DNA region in terms of sequence specificity, and additionally, that optimized ENA gapmers could be useful for application to gene validation.