gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning for End-to-End Automatic Target Recognition from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery (2018)

The standard architecture of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) consists of three stages: detection, discrimination, and classification. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for SAR ATR have been proposed, but most of them classify target classes from a target chip extracted from SAR imagery, as a classification for the third stage of SAR ATR. In this report, we propose a novel CNN for end-to-end ATR from SAR imagery. The CNN named verification support network (VersNet) performs all three stages of SAR ATR end-to-end. VersNet inputs a SAR image of arbitrary sizes with multiple classes and multiple targets, and outputs a SAR ATR image representing the position, class, and pose of each detected target. This report describes the evaluation results of VersNet which trained to output scores of all 12 classes: 10 target classes, a target front class, and a background class, for each pixel using the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) public dataset.
PPARγ agonists inhibit TGF-β induced pulmonary myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production: implications for therapy of lung fibrosis (2005)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive life-threatening disease for which no effective therapy exists. Myofibroblasts are one of the key effector cells in pulmonary fibrosis and are the primary source of extracellular matrix production. Drugs that inhibit the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts have potential as antifibrotic therapies. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma is a transcription factor that upon ligation with PPARgamma agonists activates target genes containing PPAR response elements. PPARgamma agonists have anti-inflammatory activities and may have potential as antifibrotic agents. In this study, we examined the abilities of PPARgamma agonists to block two of the most important profibrotic activities of TGF-beta on pulmonary fibroblasts: myofibroblast differentiation and production of excess collagen. Both natural (15d-PGJ2) and synthetic (ciglitazone and rosiglitazone) PPARgamma agonists inhibited TGF-beta-driven myofibroblast differentiation, as determined by alpha-smooth muscle actin-specific immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis. PPARgamma agonists also potently attenuated TGF-beta-driven type I collagen protein production. A dominant-negative PPARgamma partially reversed the inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation by 15d-PGJ2 and rosiglitazone, but the irreversible PPARgamma antagonist GW-9662 did not, suggesting that the antifibrotic effects of the PPARgamma agonists are mediated through both PPARgamma-dependent and independent mechanisms. Thus PPARgamma agonists have novel and potent antifibrotic effects in human lung fibroblasts and may have potential for therapy of fibrotic diseases in the lung and other tissues.
Eradication of lymphoma by CD8 T cells following anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody therapy is critically dependent on CD27 costimulation (2007)

Growing evidence points to the potential of agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs as adjuvants for vaccination against cancer. These appear to act by maturing dendritic cells (DCs) and allowing them to prime CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Although it is well established that optimal T-cell priming requires costimulation via B7:CD28, recent studies emphasize the contribution of TNF receptors to this process. To understand how anti-CD40 mAbs trigger effective antitumor immunity, we investigated the role of TNFR superfamily members CD27 and 4-1BB in the generation of this immunity and showed that, although partially dependent on 4-1BB:4-1BBL engagement, it is completely reliant on CD27:CD70 interactions. Importantly, blocking CD70, and to some extent 4-1BBL, during anti-CD40 treatment prevented accumulation of tumor-reactive T cells and subsequent tumor protection. However, it did not influence changes in DC number, phenotype, nor the activity of CTLs once immunity was established. We conclude that CD27:CD70 and 4-1BB:4-1BBL interactions are needed for DC-driven accumulation of antitumor CTLs following anti-CD40 mAb treatment. Finally, in support of the critical role for CD70:CD27, we show for the first time that agonistic anti-CD27 mAbs given without a DC maturation signal completely protect tumor-bearing mice and provide a highly potent reagent for boosting antitumor T-cell immunity.
Fractal Aspects of Elastin Supramolecular Organization (1995)

The supramolecular organisation of elastin and its soluble derivative alpha-elastin were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found a variety of different structures including filaments, fibrils, fibres, networks and dendritic, leaf-like forms. Self-similar patterns, extending for at least three orders of magnitude, were revealed, strongly suggesting the presence of fractal objects. The fractal dimension D was determined by using the box counting method.
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS DETERMINING THE THERMAL RESPONSE OF A HOUSE (1977)

Two different approaches to the determination of the thermal response of buildings are possible: deterministic models and methods based on equivalent thermal parameters (ETP's) of a building. While the former are computer applications of heat transfer theory, the latter consist of data oriented techniques that infer the ETP's of a particular building by multiple correlation of indoor temperature and weather. The ETP method is convenient to provide a rank ordering of different houses by their thermal performance and to assess the overall effects of retrofits on a house. Like deterministic methods, the ETP method can also predict accurate free-floating indoor temperatures and heating loads as a function of weather. A convenient set of ETP's is established for a residential townhouse by means of a simple, single thermal mass model. Multiple step regressions of actual data on indoor temperature and weather yield estimates for the ETP's. The model tracks the measured data well. The regressed ETP's agree with what is expected from theoretical calculations and are consistent with the result from a different, constant-indoor temperature experiment.
Estimation of multipath propagation delays and interaural time differences from 3-D head scans (2015)

The estimation of acoustic propagation delays from a sound source to a listener's ear entrances is useful for understanding and visualising the wave propagation along the surface of the head, and necessary for individualised spatial sound rendering. The interaural time difference (ITD) is of particular research interest, as it constitutes one of the main localisation cues exploited by the human auditory system. Here, an approach is proposed that employs ray tracing on a 3-D head scan to estimate and visualise the propagation delays and ITDs from a sound source to a subject's ear entrances. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is computationally efficient, and performs equally well or better than optimally tuned parametric ITD models, with a mean absolute ITD estimation error of about 14μs.
1310 nm hybrid InP/InGaAsP on silicon distributed feedback laser with high side-mode suppression ratio (2015)

We report on the design, fabrication and performance of a hetero-integrated III-V on silicon distributed feedback lasers (DFB) at 1310 nm based on direct bonding and adiabatic coupling. The continuous wave (CW) regime is achieved up to 55 °C as well as mode-hop-free operation with side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) above 55 dB. At room temperature, the current threshold is 36 mA and the maximum coupled power in the silicon waveguide is 22 mW.
Primary structure of the multifunctional alpha subunit protein of yeast fatty acid synthase derived from FAS2 gene sequence. (1988)

The yeast fatty acid synthase consists of two multifunctional proteins, alpha and beta, arranged in an alpha 6 beta 6 complex with a molecular weight of 2.4 x 10(6). Five of the seven enzymatic activities reside in the beta subunit, while the remaining two activities, beta-ketoacyl synthase and beta-ketoacyl reductase, and the domain of the acyl carrier protein, with its prosthetic group, 4'-phosphopantetheine, are in the alpha subunit. The genes FAS1 and FAS2 coding for beta and alpha subunits, respectively, have been cloned and the sequence of FAS1 has been reported (Chirala, S. S., Kuziora, M. A., Spector, D. M., and Wakil, S. J. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 4231-4240). In this study, we present the nucleotide sequence of the FAS2 gene. The sequence has an open reading frame, coding for a protein of 1894 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 207,863. The location of the serine site of attachment of the prosthetic group of the acyl carrier protein domain and the active cysteine-SH site of beta-ketoacyl synthase have been identified at residues 180 and 1312, respectively, in the deduced amino acid sequence. A putative NADPH binding site of beta-ketoacyl reductase has been suggested at residue 1038 based on the similarities to the consensus amino acid sequences -Gly-Ser-Ala- of the pyridine nucleotide enzymes. We could not find any sequence homology in the 5' flanking sequence of the FAS1 and FAS2 genes that would suggest common regulatory function. However, in the sequence of these two genes there is an identical eight-base pair sequence TCATTATG at the translational initiation site suggesting that the subunit stoichiometry probably results from equal translational efficiency of the mRNAs of both FAS1 and FAS2 genes. The S1 endonuclease mapping suggests that there is a transcriptional initiation site at about 40 nucleotides upstream of the first ATG codon and a transcriptional termination site about 300 nucleotides downstream of the TAG stop codon. The gene does not contain introns as no intron consensus TACTAAC have been found in the sequence.
The Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich-Type Reactions in Aqueous Media (2002)

The catalytic, diastereo- and enantioselective Mannich-type reaction of a hydrazono ester with silyl enol ethers in aqueous media has been successfully achieved with ZnF(2), a chiral diamine ligand, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.
Biaryl amino acid templates in place of d-Pro-l-Pro in cyclic ß-hairpin cationic antimicrobial peptidomimetics (2007)

The turn-forming D-Pro-L-Pro template has been frequently used to promote regular beta-hairpin conformations in cyclic protein epitope mimetics. Here the use of three isomeric biaryl templates has been studied as alternatives to D-Pro-L-Pro in the preparation of beta-hairpin peptidomimetics. The o,o'- o,m'- and m,m'-isomers of carboxymethyl- and aminomethyl-substituted biaryl templates have been incorporated into novel macrocyclic mimics of the naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptide protegrin I. The presence of the o-carboxymethyl-o'-aminomethyl-biaryl template within the macrocyclic peptide resulted in the appearance of slowly interconverting atropisomers. Although none of the resulting mimetics adopted stable beta-hairpin structures in aqueous solution, they all nevertheless retained a significant antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. These mimetics provide interesting starting points for an optimization program in the search for potent and novel antimicrobial compounds.
Loss of HLA-A,B,C allele products and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 in colorectal neoplasia. (1989)

The expression of HLA-A,B,C antigens and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas was studied by immunohistochemistry. None of 10 adenomas and only 1 of 30 carcinomas had lost expression of all HLA-A,B,C molecules. On the other hand, focal loss of an HLA-B product was seen in 2 of the adenomas, and complete losses of tumor cell HLA-A2 (in 7 of 13 cases), HLA-Bw4 (in 4 of 13 cases), and HLA-A3 (in 1 of 6 cases) were seen in the carcinomas. No complete losses of HLA-A1 (in 6 cases) or HLA-Bw6 (in 22 cases) occurred in the carcinomas. In addition, 1 of 20 adenocarcinomas totally lacked lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3. Because a loss of tumor cell HLA-A,B,C antigen or lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 could be selected for through an advantage in escape from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte attack, our results suggest that immunoselection may be a more important mechanism in tumor progression than has previously been assumed.
Harnessing the Crowdsourcing Power of Social Media for Disaster Relief (2011)

This article briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of crowdsourcing applications applied to disaster relief coordination. It also discusses several challenges that must be addressed to make crowdsourcing a useful tool that can effectively facilitate the relief progress in coordination, accuracy, and security.
Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in human metastatic prostate and breast cancer. (2005)

The expression of BMPs differs between prostate and breast cancer cells. Identifying the BMP proteins in cancers may be useful for monitoring the tumor status with reference to metastases.
Involvement of sympathetic nerve activity in skin blood flow oscillations in humans (2003)

We have used the wavelet transform to evaluate the time-frequency content of laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) signals measured simultaneously on the surfaces of free microvascular flaps deprived of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), and on adjacent intact skin, in humans. It was thereby possible to determine the frequency interval within which SNA manifests itself in peripheral blood flow oscillations. The frequency interval from 0.0095 to 2 Hz was examined and was divided into five subintervals: I, approximately 0.01 Hz; II, approximately 0.04 Hz; III, approximately 0.1 Hz; IV, approximately 0.3 Hz; and V, approximately 1 Hz. The average value of the LDF signal in the time domain as well as the mean amplitude and total power in the interval from 0.0095 to 2 Hz and amplitude and power within each of the five subintervals were significantly lower for signals measured on the free flap (P < 0.002). The normalized spectral amplitude and power in the free flap were significantly lower in only two intervals: I, from 0.0095 to 0.021 Hz; and II, from 0.021 to 0.052 Hz (P < 0.05); thus indicating that SNA is manifested in at least one of these frequency intervals. Because interval I has recently been shown to be the result of vascular endothelial activity, we conclude that we have identified SNA as influencing blood flow oscillations in normal tissues with repetition times of 20-50 s or frequencies of 0.02-0.05 Hz.
Efficient Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Chlorides and Bromides with Phenyl- or Vinyltrimethoxysilane Mediated by a Palladium/Imidazolium Chloride System (2000)

A combination of palladium acetate and the imidazolium salt IPr.HCl (1, IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) has proven to be highly efficient in the cross coupling reactions of aryl bromides and electron-deficient aryl chlorides with phenyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane. The catalytic performance of this system was found to be comparable to that of systems using PCy(3) and P(o-tol)(3).
A method for simple titration of organolithium reagents in ethers or hydrocarbons using metalation of N-benzylidenebenzylamine as colored reaction (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA method for simple titration of organolithium reagents in ethers or hydrocarbons using metalation of N-benzylidenebenzylamine as colored reactionLucette Duhamel and Jean Christophe PlaqueventCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 19, 3404–3405Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01333a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01333a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1144Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A yeast mitochondrial presequence functions as a signal for targeting to plant mitochondria in vivo. (1989)

To date, the presequence of the mitochondrial beta-subunit of ATPase from tobacco is the only signal sequence that has been shown to target a foreign protein into plant mitochondria in vivo. Here we report that the presequence of a yeast mitochondrial protein directs bacterial beta-glucuronidase (GUS) specifically into the mitochondrial compartment of transgenic tobacco plants. Fusions between the presequence of the mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA-synthetase gene from yeast and the GUS gene have been introduced into tobacco plants and yeast cells. In both systems, proteins containing the complete yeast mitochondrial presequence are efficiently imported in the mitochondria. Measurements of GUS activity in different subcellular fractions indicate that there is no substantial misrouting of the chimeric proteins in plant cells. In vitro synthesized GUS fusion proteins have a higher molecular weight than those found inside yeast and tobacco mitochondria, suggesting a processing of the precursors during import. Interestingly, fusion proteins translocated across the mitochondrial membranes of tobacco have the same size as those that are imported into yeast mitochondria. We conclude that the processing enzyme in plant mitochondria may recognize a proximate or even the same cleavage site within the mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA-synthetase presequence as the matrix protease from yeast.
Use of Aviguard and Other Intestinal Bioproducts in Experimental Clostridium perfringens-Associated Necrotizing Enteritis in Broiler Chickens (1998)

Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis (CPANE) is a common problem among rapidly growing broiler strains of chickens that are raised intensively in modern microenvironments. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of Aviguard and three other intestinal bioproducts (two normal gut flora [NGF] products and one probiotic product) in experimental CPANE in broiler chickens. Male broiler chicks were housed in the same environmentally controlled facility and given one of six treatments. The necrotic enteritis infection model (NEIM) used in the present study was effective in inducing CPANE intestinal gross lesions in broiler chickens. Equally important, Aviguard was found to be significantly more effective than either the other two NGF products or the probiotic for reducing gross lesions induced by the NEIM. In addition, Aviguard/NEIM-treated chicks ate more feed and had better feed efficiency than their NGF- or probiotic/NEIM-treated counterparts. Other significant differences among these four reconstituted microbial preparations were not found. Results from this study have additional importance because they further support the use of reconstituted microbial preparations as novel and effective alternatives to antibiotics that can reduce the severity of C. perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis challenge in broilers.
Long-term Outcomes of Helper Peptide Vaccination for Metastatic Melanoma (2015)

Helper peptide vaccination is associated with improved overall survival among patients with metastatic melanoma. These data support a randomized prospective trial of the 6MHP vaccine.
Object Discovery and Unification in a Federated Database System (1993)

A key challenge in sharing-oriented information management environments, such as networks of heterogeneous, autonomous database systems, is to provide capabilities to allow information units and resources to be flexibly and dynamically combined and interconnected, while at the same time preserving the investment in and the autonomy of each individual component. The research described here specifically focuses on two key aspects of this: (1) how to discover the location and content of relevant, nonlocal information units, and (2) how to identify and resolve the semantic heterogeneity that exists between related information in different database components. Our approach serves as a basis for the sharing of related concepts through partial meta-data (conceptual schema) unification without the need for a global view of data. We demonstrate and evaluate our approach using the Remote-Exchange experimental prototype system [5], which supports information sharing and exchange from the above perspective.
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Modification: Basic Concepts and Relationship to Atherosclerosis (1999)

A large number of clinical studies support the hypothesis that the risk for atherosclerosis is associated with the proportion of different LDL subfractions in blood. Electronegatively modified forms of LDL (LDL(-)) isolated using different chromatographic techniques are characterised by significant differences in the protein and lipid content as compared to the native LDL subfraction. LDL(-) composition appears to influence its atherogenic properties as well as its high susceptibility to oxidation and impaired metabolism. Increased LDL(-) levels are found in subjects with coronary artery disease, particularly in diabetics and patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD). Whether elevated LDL(-) levels are due to the LDL oxidation in blood remains disputed despite the oxidative character of LDL(-) modification. Plausible means for LDL(-) formation in blood include glycation and protein-radical interactions with ApoB 100. The latter can prevail during HD as observed in in vitro studies using a model HD system. The rapid and progressive formation of LDL(-) during standard HD can be significantly reduced employing haemolipodialysis (HLD), which provides local delivery of specific antioxidants (vitamin E and C) to blood at concentrations above normal physiologic levels. This procedure appears to be more effective than oral supplementation with antioxidants and may be a promising approach to reducing the rapid progression of atherosclerosis in HD patients.
Polymerizable Phospholipid Analogues—New Stable Biomembrane and Cell Models (1980)

The stabilization of vesicles by polymerization of the lipid bilayers with retention of their structure has been accomplished in the case of the phospholipid analogues. Diacetyl groups are present in the long chains of the monomers, e.g.: