gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lyme arthritis: radiologic findings. (1985)

Lyme disease is a newly recognized, multi-system disorder that may be associated with chronic arthritis. Of 25 patients with severe arthritic manifestations the most frequent radiographic finding was knee joint effusion. Intra-articular edema was often accompanied by a continuum of soft-tissue changes involving the infrapatellar fat pad, periarticular soft tissues, and the entheses, which were sometimes thickened, calcified, or ossified. Later in the illness, the joints of some patients showed typical changes of an inflammatory arthritis, including juxta-articular osteoporosis, cartilage loss, and cortical or marginal bone erosions. Less commonly, other patients demonstrated changes more characteristic of degenerative arthritis, including cartilage loss, subarticular sclerosis, and osteophytosis. Joint involvement of Lyme disease has similarities to juvenile arthritis and Reiter syndrome, but can usually be distinguished clinically and serologically from these entities.
Prorenin receptor regulates more than the renin-angiotensin system (2012)

The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) was initially believed to be a contributor to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases via the amplification of renin- or prorenin-induced angiotensin (Ang) formation. However, a recent paradigm shift suggests a new role for PRR, separate from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), in contributing to cellular homeostasis. Specifically, PRR is thought to be essential for vacuolar H(+) -ATPase (V-ATPase) activity and acts as an adaptor between the V-ATPase and the Wnt signalling pathway. Recent PRR conditional knock-out studies have confirmed this link between V-ATPase and PRR, with deletion resulting in the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and animal lethality. The molecular mechanism by which PRR contributes to V-ATPase activity, and whether multiple signalling pathways are affected by PRR loss, is currently unknown. Additionally, cleavage by furin at a single site within full-length PRR results in the production of a soluble form of the receptor, which is detectable in plasma. Soluble PRR is hypothesized to bind to specific ligands and receptors and mediate signal transduction pathways. Understanding the physiological function of full-length and soluble PRR will be important for establishing its role in pathology.
Synthesis, Complexation, and Membrane Transport Studies of 1,3-Alternate Calix[4]arene-crown-6 Conformers: A New Class of Cesium Selective Ionophores (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, Complexation, and Membrane Transport Studies of 1,3-Alternate Calix[4]arene-crown-6 Conformers: A New Class of Cesium Selective IonophoresAlessandro Casnati, Andrea Pochini, Rocco Ungaro, Franco Ugozzoli, Francoise Arnaud, Stefano Fanni, Marie-Jose Schwing, Richard J. M. Egberink, Feike de Jong, and David N. ReinhoudtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10, 2767–2777Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00115a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00115a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2365Altmetric-Citations511LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
High Recurrence Rates of Bacterial Vaginosis over the Course of 12 Months after Oral Metronidazole Therapy and Factors Associated with Recurrence (2006)

Current recommended treatment is not preventing the recurrence of BV or abnormal vaginal flora in the majority of women; factors associated with recurrence support a possible role for sexual transmission in the pathogenesis of recurrent BV.
[Aortocaval fistula with acute right heart failure during surgery: case report]. (2000)

A 71-year-old man was transferred to our institution with suspected of impending rupture of the abdominal aorta. The clinical manifestations included abdominal pain, pulsatile mass, and abdominal bruit. We made on early diagnosis of aortocaval fistula based on enhanced computed tomography and color Doppler flow imaging. Surgical repair was performed 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. At the introduction of anesthesia, cardiac arrest with high central venous pressure occurred. After resuscitation and rapid clamping of the proximal aorta, surgical closure of the fistula with graft replacement was performed successfully.
A phase I study of subcutaneously administered aflibercept (VEGF trap) in a new formulation in patients with advanced solid tumors (2011)

Targeting angiogenesis is a valid anti-cancer strategy. Aflibercept is designed to sequester circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by preventing VEGF from binding to its receptors. This phase I study was to evaluate a new formulation of subcutaneously administered aflibercept in patients with advanced solid tumors. Here we report our experience with the toxicity, pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy of the new 100 mg/mL subcutaneous (SC) formulation of aflibercept administered at a dose of at 4 mg/kg every 2 weeks.
Development of a test bed for high-speed power line communications (2002)

This paper presents the development of a power line test bed which provides a platform to simulate the 230 V power line environment in a controlled and reproducible manner. The target is to communicate data reliably over power lines at speeds of at least 1 Mbits/s with frequency ranging from 1 MHz to 10 MHz. This test bed is integrated with a power line communication channel, power line couplers, loads and impairment devices for worst case environment simulation. A method for coupling the high-frequency signal onto and from the power line is discussed. The design of digital filters for transceivers using advanced digital signal processing techniques is presented. The digital filters are used to amplify, condition and recover the high-frequency signals which have been attenuated and corrupted by noise at the channel.
Spine stability after implantation of an interspinous device: an in vitro and finite element biomechanical study (2010)

The shift of the neutral position toward kyphosis may be beneficial in reducing symptoms of spinal stenosis such as radicular pain, sensation disturbance, and loss of strength in the legs. The authors recommend preservation of the SSL and the use of the fixation laces, given their relevant mechanical role. Choosing the proper device size and placement should be achieved by using a correct surgical technique.
Crystal Structure of the I Domain from Integrin α2β1 (1997)

We have determined the high resolution crystal structure of the I domain from the alpha-subunit of the integrin alpha2beta1, a cell surface adhesion receptor for collagen and the human pathogen echovirus-1. The domain, as expected, adopts the dinucleotide-binding fold, and contains a metal ion-dependent adhesion site motif with bound Mg2+ at the top of the beta-sheet. Comparison with the crystal structures of the leukocyte integrin I domains reveals a new helix (the C-helix) protruding from the metal ion-dependent adhesion site face of the domain which creates a groove centered on the magnesium ion. Modeling of a collagen triple helix into the groove suggests that a glutamic acid side chain from collagen can coordinate the metal ion, and that the C-helix insert is a major determinant of binding specificity. The binding site for echovirus-1 maps to a distinct surface of the alpha2-I domain (one edge of the beta-sheet), consistent with data showing that virus and collagen binding occur by different mechanisms. Comparison with the homologous von Willebrand factor A3 domain, which also binds collagen, suggests that the two domains bind collagen in different ways.
Metabolism of Sirolimus and Its Derivative Everolimus by Cytochrome P450 3A4:  Insights from Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and Quantum Chemical Calculations (2001)

A combination of quantum chemical calculations and molecular simulations (DOCKing and molecular dynamics) is used to investigate the metabolism of sirolimus (rapamycin) and its derivative everolimus (SDZ-RAD) by cytochrome P450 3A4. Both molecules are drugs with high immunosuppressive activity. Our calculations yield qualitative predictions of the regiospecificities of the hydroxylations and O-dealkylations occurring in these two substrates which are in good agreement with recent experimental results. An analysis of the modeled enzyme-substrate interactions allows us to rationalize the reduced metabolic activity of the larger substrate everolimus compared to sirolimus. Moreover, our simulations suggest that hydrogen donor functionalities close to the metabolic site are important for anchoring the substrate at the active center of the enzyme. In particular, we predict that replacing one hydroxyl group by a fluorine atom should considerably suppress the major metabolic reaction in sirolimus, 39-O-demethylation.
Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1999)

In 1971 Dr. Paul C. Lauterbur pioneered spatial information encoding principles that made image formation possible by using magnetic resonance signals. Now Lauterbur, "father of the MRI", and Dr. Zhi-Pei Liang have co-authored the first engineering textbook on magnetic resonance imaging. This long-awaited, definitive text will help undergraduate and graduate students of biomedical engineering, biomedical imaging scientists, radiologists, and electrical engineers gain an in-depth understanding of MRI principles. The authors use a signal processing approach to describe the fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging. You will find a clear and rigorous discussion of these carefully selected essential topics: . Mathematical fundamentals. Signal generation and detection principles. Signal characteristics. Signal localization principles. Image reconstruction techniques. Image contrast mechanisms. Image resolution, noise, and artifacts. Fast-scan imaging. Constrained reconstruction Complete with a comprehensive set of examples and homework problems, Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the must-read book to improve your knowledge of this revolutionary technique
Analysis of the Comparative Workflow and Performance Characteristics of the VITEK 2 and Phoenix Systems (2005)

The VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy L'Etoile, France) and the Phoenix systems (BD Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, Md.) are automated instruments for rapid organism identification and susceptibility testing. We evaluated the workflow, the time to result, and the performance of identification and susceptibility testing of both instruments. A total of 307 fresh clinical isolates were tested: 141 Enterobacteriaceae, 22 nonfermenters, 93 Staphylococcus spp., and 51 Enterococcus spp. Manipulation time was measured in batches, each with seven isolates, for a total of 39 batches. The mean (+/- standard deviation [SD]) manipulation time per batch was 20.9 +/- 1.8 min for Phoenix and 10.6 +/- 1.0 min for VITEK 2 (P < 0.001). Mean (+/-SD) time to result for all bacterial groups was 727 +/- 162 min for Phoenix and 506 +/- 120 min for VITEK 2 (P < 0.001). Concerning identification, Phoenix and VITEK 2 yielded the same results for nonfermenters (100%), staphylococci (97%), and enterococci (100%). For 140 Enterobacteriaceae strains evaluated, 135 (96%) were correctly identified by Phoenix and 137 (98%) by VITEK 2 (P = 0.72). The overall category agreement for all isolates was 97.0% for both instruments. The minor error rate, major error rate, and very major error rate for all bacterial isolates tested were 3.0, 0.3, and 0.6 and 2.8, 0.2, and 1.7 for Phoenix and VITEK 2, respectively (P values of 0.76, 0.75, and 0.09). The VITEK 2 system required less manual manipulation time and less time than the Phoenix system to yield results.
Basic Steps of Lateral Manipulation of Single Atoms and Diatomic Clusters with a Scanning Tunneling Microscope Tip (1997)

Detailed tip height measurements during manipulation of single atoms, molecules, and dimers on a Cu(211) surface reveal different manipulation modes depending on tunneling parameters. Both attractive (Cu, Pb, Pb dimers) and repulsive manipulation (CO) are identified. Using attractive forces, discontinuous hopping of Cu and Pb atoms from one adsorption site to the next can be induced (``pulling''). Pb dimers can be pulled with repeated single, double, and triple hops. Pb atoms can also be ``slid'' continuously. The occurrence of different movement patterns is shown to be a sensitive probe for surface defects.
Flow‐Induced Cytoskeletal Changes in Endothelial Cells Growing on Curved Surfaces (2000)

Endothelial cells on curved growth surfaces respond to flow rapidly, with marked changes in F-actin central stress fiber formation. This implicates a tight relationship between cell shape and the environmental substrate, and suggests that the shape of the endothelial cell significantly impacts its ability to respond to its environment.
Simultaneous localization and mapping with unknown data association using FastSLAM (2004)

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been the de facto approach to the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) problem for nearly fifteen years. However, the EKF has two serious deficiencies that prevent it from being applied to large, real-world environments: quadratic complexity and sensitivity to failures in data association. FastSLAM, an alternative approach based on the Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter, has been shown to scale logarithmically with the number of landmarks in the map. This efficiency enables FastSLAM to be applied to environments far larger than could be handled by the EKF. In this paper, we show that FastSLAM also substantially outperforms the EKF in environments with ambiguous data association. The performance of the two algorithms is compared on a real-world data set with various levels of odometric noise. In addition, we show how negative information can be incorporated into FastSLAM in order to improve the accuracy of the estimated map.
Hybrid silicon and lithium niobate electro-optical ring modulator (2014)

Of all oxides, lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is the gold standard electro-optical material in fiber-optic transmission systems. Modulators based on diffused waveguides in bulk LiNbO3 substrates are, however, relatively large. In contrast, ring modulators based on silicon-on-insulator are of interest for chip-scale electro-optical modulation, but unstrained crystalline silicon does not exhibit a linear electro-optic effect, so modulation is based on alternative mechanisms such as the plasma dispersion effect. Here, we present a hybrid silicon and LiNbO3 electro-optical ring modulator operating at gigahertz frequencies. The modulator consists of a 15 μm radius silicon microring and an ion-sliced LiNbO3 thin film bonded together via benzocyclobutene. Fabricated devices operating in the TE optical mode exhibit an optical loaded quality factor of 14,000 and a resonance tuning of 3.3  pm/V. The small-signal electrical-to-optical 3 dB bandwidth is measured to be 5 GHz. Digital modulation with an extinction ratio greater than 3 dB is demonstrated up to 9  Gb/s. High-speed and low-tuning-power chip-scale modulators that exploit the high-index contrast of silicon with the second-order susceptibility of LiNbO3 are envisioned.
The Efficacy of Tamoxifen as an Antiproliferative Agent in vitro for Benign and Malignant Pediatric Glial Tumors (1995)

Recent studies have suggested that the triphenylethylene antiestrogen tamoxifen inhibits the proliferation in vitro of a substantial percentage of cell lines derived from adult high-grade gliomas, potentially acting through inhibition of the second messenger protein kinase C. These findings have formed the impetus for clinical trials of this agent in adults with malignant gliomas. However, it has previously remained uncertain whether tamoxifen has a similar inhibitory effect on the proliferation of pediatric high-grade gliomas, and whether low-grade gliomas, which constitute the majority of glial neoplasms in children, are also inhibited by this agent. To address these issues, the present study examined the effect of tamoxifen on proliferation and viability in a series of low-passage cell lines derived both from low-grade and high-grade pediatric gliomas. This agent was tested in three malignant gliomas, two pilocytic astrocytomas, two non-pilocytic low-grade astrocytomas, 1 mixed glioma, and 1 oligodendroglioma. Tamoxifen produced a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in two of the three malignant glioma cell lines and in each of the low-grade glioma cell lines with a 50% effective dose of approximately 3 micrograms/ml (5.4 microM), which is comparable to the IC50 for inhibition of PKC activity by this agent. No significant cytotoxicity was encountered at this concentration. However, complete elimination of proliferation was achieved with a dose of 10 micrograms/ml (17.8 microM), which produced a direct cytotoxic effect. We conclude that tamoxifen inhibits proliferation of cell lines derived from both low-grade and high-grade pediatric glial tumors in vitro at concentrations that may be achievable clinically with high-dose oral therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer (2003)

Epidemiological studies and animal experiments indicate that omega-3 fatty acids exert protective effects against some common cancers, especially cancers of the breast, colon and prostate. Many mechanisms are involved, including suppression of neoplastic transformation, cell growth inhibition, and enhanced apoptosis and antiangiogenicity, through the inhibition of eicosanoid production from omega-6 fatty acids; suppression of cycloöxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 gene expression. Recent intervention studies in breast cancer patients indicate that omega-3 fatty acids, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in particular, increase the response to chemopreventive agents. In patients with colorectal cancer, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA decrease cell proliferation, and modulate favourably the balance between colonic cell proliferation and apoptosis. In general, a balanced omega-6: omega-3 ratio is essential for normal growth and development, and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of many clinical conditions, including cancer. For both prevention and treatment of cancerpatients, it is essential that the diet is balanced in omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.
Controlled Synthesis and Optical Properties of Colloidal Ternary Chalcogenide CuInS2 Nanocrystals (2008)

A facile method for the synthesis of size- and shape-controlled CuInS2 semiconductor nanocrystals was developed by thermolysis of a mixed solution of CuAc, In(Ac)3 (molar ratio of CuAc to In(Ac)3 = 1:1) and dodecanethiol in noncoordinating solvent 1-octadecene (ODE) at 240 °C. CuInS2 nanoparticles with size of 2 to ∼5 nm and nanorods with aspect ratio of 1 to ∼3 were obtained by adjusting the reaction parameters such as temperature and time. The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, UV−vis absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The nanoparticle solutions exhibit tunable absorption and PL spectra with the absorption edge ranging from 550 to 750 nm and PL emission peaks from 600 to 750 nm, indicating a strong size-dependent quantum confinement effect. Optical measurements of the CuInS2 nanoparticles demonstrated that their optical properties are related to donor−acceptor defects, size-dependent quantum confined effects, and surface defects. The PL decay curve of CuInS2 nanoparticles has a triple exponential characteristic with lifetimes of 4−12, 28−60, and 140−300 ns, respectively, and the PL emission with the longest lifetime (140−300 ns) occupied 40−80% of the PL emission of the samples. These results imply that the room-temperature PL emission of CuInS2 nanoparticles involves three types of recombination: band exciton recombination, surface-related recombination, and donor−acceptor defects recombination. Among them, the PL emission from donor−acceptor defects occupied a large amount.
The Role of Epitope Specificity in the Human Opsonic Antibody Response to the Staphylococcal Surface Polysaccharide Poly N‐Acetyl Glucosamine (2005)

Human antibodies to PNAG that mediate opsonic killing bind primarily to the nonacetylated epitopes of this antigen, which indicates that these antigenic determinants are the dominant targets of the functional human antibody response to staphylococcal PNAG.
Development of MDL 28,050, a Small Stable Antithrombin Agent Based on a Functional Domain of the Leech Protein, Hirudin (1990)

MDL 28,050 is a decapeptide antithrombin agent that inhibits alpha-thrombin-induced fibrin clot formation by binding to a non-catalytic site on alpha-thrombin. It is the result of chemical and structural optimization of a functional domain of the leech anticoagulant, hirudin. In contrast to the contention that the polyanionic nature of this C-terminal functional domain governs its interaction with alpha-thrombin, systematic study of this region has shown the importance of the lipophilic residues for providing the functionality necessary for potent binding to alpha-thrombin. The development of MDL 28,050 and other effective antithrombin agents are outlined through the description of the structure-activity relationships (SAR) for these peptides. These peptides are effective in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models of thrombosis.
Glial modulation of synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction (2004)

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a cholinergic synapse that controls muscle contraction. Glial cells, called perisynaptic Schwann cells, surround nerve terminals at the NMJ. Transmitter release induced by repetitive nerve stimulation, elicit a frequency-dependent activation of G-protein-coupled receptors on perisynaptic Schwann cells and the release of calcium from internal stores. In return, perisynaptic Schwann cells modulate synaptic activity during and following high-frequency stimulation through short-term plasticity. In the present review, we discuss evidence of glial involvement in the short-term plasticity at the NMJ and the potential impact of such modulation on synaptic efficacy.
Immunization with Parasite-Derived Apical Membrane Antigen 1 or Passive Immunization with a Specific Monoclonal Antibody Protects BALB/c Mice against Lethal Plasmodium yoelii yoelii YM Blood-Stage Infection (2000)

We have purified apical merozoite antigen 1 (AMA-1) from extracts of red blood cells infected with the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii yoelii YM. When used to immunize mice, the protein induced a strong protective response against a challenge with the parasite. Monoclonal antibodies specific for P. yoelii yoelii AMA-1 were prepared, and one was very effective against the parasite on passive immunization. A second protein that appears to be located in the apical rhoptry organelles and associated with AMA-1 was identified.