gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Zn-based, pillared paddlewheel MOF containing free carboxylic acids via covalent post-synthesis elaboration (2009)

A Zn-based, mixed-ligand (pillared paddlewheel), metal-organic framework (MOF) has been covalently and quantitatively decorated with free carboxylic acids to demonstrate the utility of covalent post-synthesis modification in the construction of otherwise inaccessible carboxy-functionalized MOFs.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Ipilimumab: a novel immunomodulating therapy causing autoimmune hypophysitis: a case report and review (2012)

Ipilimumab (Yervoy; Medarex and Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a human MAB against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, which enhances co-stimulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, resulting in their proliferation and an anti-tumour response. It is licensed for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic malignant melanoma, while multiple clinical trials using this medication in the treatment of other malignancies are ongoing. As a clinical response to ipilimumab results from immunostimulation, predictably it generates autoimmunity as well, causing immune-related adverse events in the majority of patients. Of those, endocrinopathies are frequently seen, and in particular, autoimmune lymphocytic hypophysitis with anterior panhypopituitarism has been reported a number of times in North America. We present a case of a male referred to our department with manifestations of anterior panhypopituitarism after his third dose of ipilimumab for metastatic malignant melanoma, and we discuss the management of his case in the light of previous reports. We also review the published literature on the presenting symptoms, time to presentation, investigations, imaging, treatment and follow-up of ipilimumab-induced autoimmune lymphocytic hypophysitis.
Direct dynamic control of a robot using an end-point mounted camera and Kalman filter position estimation (2002)

The development of a control strategy for direct dynamic end-point control of a manipulator based on position estimates obtained from endpoint mounted sensors is presented. The feasibility of using an extended Kalman filter algorithm for relative position estimates based on task object feature locations extracted from images obtained from an end-point mounted camera has been studied. An experimental system has been constructed and the position estimation and control strategy implemented to test the performance of the design. Tests have demonstrated the successful operation of the control strategy developed and have also demonstrated the feasibility of using an extended Kalman filter for relative position estimates at a sample rate of 61 Hz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A new approach for containment of microorganisms: Dual control of streptavidin expression by antisense RNA and the T7 transcription system (1997)

The use of microorganisms in the open environment would be of less concern if they were endowed with programmed self-destruction mechanisms. Here, we propose a new genetic design to increase the effectiveness of cell suicide systems. It ensures very tight control of the derepression of cell death by the combination of the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase-lysozyme system and an inducible synthesis of antisense RNA and the Escherichia coli LacI repressor. Functionality of this regulatory concept was tested by applying it to containment of Gram-negative bacteria, based on the conditional expression of the lethal Streptomyces avidinii streptavidin gene. Toxicity of streptavidin is derived from its exceptionally high binding affinity for an essential prosthetic group, D-biotin. The entire construct was designed to allow the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida to survive only in the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives which it can degrade. Under favorable growth conditions, clones escaping killing appeared at frequencies of only 10(-7)-10(-8) per cell per generation. The general requirement for biotin through the living world should make streptavidin-based conditional lethal designs applicable to a broad range of containment strategies.
Ricezione televisiva diretta da satellite nella banda dei 12 GHz, con il sistema MAC-C a pacchetti (1984)

The 3' half molecule of yeast tRNA(Ala) (nucleotides 36-75) was hybridized with a DNA fragment (5'GGAATCGAACC 3') and the hybrid was then digested with E. coli RNase H (from Boehringer). The enzyme can specifically cleave the 3' half molecule at the 3' side of nucleotide Psi(55), thus a fragment C(36)-Psi(55) was prepared. The 3'-terminal T or TPsi of this fragment was removed by one or two cycles of periodate oxidation and beta-elimination. The products were fragments C(36)-T(54) and C(36)-G(53). Three yeast tRNA(Ala) fragments C(56)-A(76), U(55)-A(76) (with Psi(55) replaced by U), U(54)-A(76) (with T(54)Psi(55) replaced by UU) were synthesized and ligated with three prepared fragments (C(36)-Psi(55), C(36)-T(54) and C(36)-G(53)) respectively by T4 RNA ligase. The products were further ligated with the 5' half molecule (nucleotides 1-35). Using this method, one reconstituted yeast tRNA(Ala) (tRNAr) and two yeast tRNA(ALa) analogs: (i) tRNAa with U(55) instead of Psi(55); (ii) tRNAb with U(54)U(55) instead of T(54)Psi(55) were synthesized. The charging and incorporation activities of these three tRNAs were determined. In comparison with the reconstituted tRNA, the charging activity was 75% for tRNAa and 45% for tRNAb and the incorporation activity was 65% for tRNAa and 70% for tRNAb. These results suggest that the modified nucleotides T(54) and Psi(55) play an important role in yeast tRNA(Ala) function.
Microwave-mixing scanning capacitance microscopy of pn junctions (1999)

We describe an approach to scanning capacitance microscopy. A mixing technique is employed for imaging local capacitance variations simultaneously with the sample topography using an atomic force microscope (AFM) with a conductive tip. A SiO2/Si sample with lateral pn junctions formed by ion implantation has been investigated. Microwave signals incident on the metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) structure formed by the AFM tip and the sample give rise to mixing signals due to the nonlinear voltage dependence of the space charge capacitance in the Si. In our experiments two microwave input signals with frequencies f1 and f2 and a variable dc bias voltage were applied to the tip-sample MOS structure. The dependence of the generated sum frequency and third harmonic signals on the dc sample voltage shows that the f1+f2 and 3 f signals are proportional to dC/dV and d2C/dV2, respectively. Images of the sum frequency and third harmonic signals delineating the pn junctions on our model sample are presented and the dc bias voltage dependence of the images is discussed.
Amitraz poisoning treatment: still supportive? (2011)

Amitraz is a triazapentadiene, an α2 adrenergic agonist and a member of the amidine chemical family. A limited number of human intoxication cases have been published in the literature. Lack of a clear and specific protocol for the therapy of amitraz intoxication may make its successfully managed case reports useful and valuable for other clinical practitioners in poisoning departments. The case is about a 22 years old female, single, university student, ingested a glass of amitraz poison (about 100 mL of a 20% solution) as a suicidal attempt on 11:30 am which was about 3.5 h before her hospital admission. She found nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Immediately, her family took her to a clinic near their house. At that clinic (13:30 pm) she had miosis and they did gastric lavage , one adult dose of activated charcoal (50 g) and referred her to our Poisoning Emergency Department, where she was managed supportively and successfully. Amitraz is a poisonous chemical which may cause central nervous system depression and also respiratory/cardiovascular symptoms as well. Several studies reported that using atropine for those amitraz poisoned patients with both miosis and bradycardia resolved the problem and recommend it as the first line of drug therapy when bradycardia occurs from vagal stimulation and atrioventricular block. Management of amitraz poisoning is still considered to be supportive and symptomatic. Although the effects of activated charcoal and cathartics have not been studied, they may still be considered for treatment.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Effect on Hyperlipidemia in Menopausal Japanese Women (2000)

In Brief Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of eicosapentaenoic acid for the treatment of hyperlipidemia in symptomatic menopausal Japanese women. Methods We performed a prospective observational 48-week study in hyperlipidemic menopausal women. We randomly assigned 141 women, whose levels of serum total cholesterol were 220 to 280 mg/dL or whose serum triglycerides were 150 to 400 mg/dL at baseline to groups treated with estriol (E3) 2 mg daily (control group, n = 72) or ethyl icosapentate 1800 mg daily and E3 2 mg (eicosapentaenoic acid group, n = 69). Results Serum levels of total cholesterol decreased significantly from 249.4 to 238.6 mg/dL (−4.3%, P = .003) in the control group and from 252.3 to 234.0 mg/dL (−7.3%, P = .001) in the study group at week 48 in the women whose total cholesterol was not less than 220 mg/dL at baseline. Serum levels of triglycerides decreased significantly from 194.5 to 141.5 mg/dL (−27.2%, P = .001) in the study group but increased slightly from 192.9 to 207.4 mg/dL (+7.5%) in the control group at week 48 in the women whose level of triglycerides was not less than 150 mg/dL. There were significant differences between these two groups at weeks 12, 24, and 48. Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly decreased at week 48 in the study group regardless of whether the women were obese. There were no severe adverse effects. Conclusion Combination therapy with eicosapentaenoic acid and E3 was effective and safe for menopausal women with hypertriglyceridemia. Combination therapy with eicosapentaenoic acid and estriol was effective and safe for climacteric women with hypertriglyceridemia, with or without obesity.
Synthesis and α‐Mannosidase Inhibitory Evaluation of (2R,3R,4S)‐ and (2S,3R,4S)‐2‐(Aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol Derivatives (2003)

Abstract The synthesis of 46 derivatives of (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol is reported ( Scheme 1 and Fig. 3 ), and their inhibitory activities toward α ‐mannosidases from jack bean (B) and almonds (A) are evaluated ( Table ). The most‐potent inhibitors are (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[([1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐ylmethyl)amino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 3fs ; IC 50 (B)=5 μ M , K i =2.5 μ M ) and (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[(1 R )‐2,3‐dihydro‐1 H ‐inden‐1‐ylamino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 3fu ; IC 50 (B)=17 μ M , K i =2.3 μ M ). (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐(Aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 6 , RH) and the three 2‐( N ‐alkylamino)methyl derivatives 6fh, 6fs , and 6f are prepared ( Scheme 2 ) and found to inhibit also α ‐mannosidases from jack bean and almonds ( Table ). The best inhibitor of these series is (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[(2‐thienylmethyl)amino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 6o ; IC 50 (B)=105 μ M , K i =40 μ M ). As expected (see Fig. 4 ), diamines 3 with the configuration of α ‐ D ‐mannosides are better inhibitors of α ‐mannosidases than their stereoisomers 6 with the configuration of β ‐ D ‐mannosides. The results show that an aromatic ring (benzyl, [1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl, 2‐thienyl) is essential for good inhibitory activity. If the C‐chain that separates the aromatic system from the 2‐(aminomethyl) substituent is longer than a methano group, the inhibitory activity decreases significantly (see Fig. 7 ). This study shows also that α ‐mannosidases from jack bean and from almonds do not recognize substrate mimics that are bulky around the O ‐glycosidic bond of the corresponding α ‐ D ‐mannopyranosides. These observations should be very useful in the design of better α ‐mannosidase inhibitors.
Comparison of Topical Methyl Aminolevulinate Photodynamic Therapy With Cryotherapy or Fluorouracil for Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ (2006)

Methyl aminolevulinate PDT is an effective treatment option for squamous cell carcinoma in situ, with excellent cosmesis.
Association of Trk Neurotrophin Receptors with Components of the Cytoplasmic Dynein Motor (2001)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) initiates its trophic effects by long-range signaling through binding, internalization, and transport of a ligand-receptor complex from the axon terminal to the cell body. However, the mechanism by which retrograde transport of NGF takes place has not been elucidated. Here we describe an interaction between the Trk receptor tyrosine kinase and a 14 kDa light chain of cytoplasmic dynein. After transfection in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, this 14 kDa dynein light chain was found to bind to TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC receptors. Mapping experiments indicated that the 14 kDa dynein light chain binds to the distal region of the TrkA juxtamembrane domain. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments in vivo indicate that Trk receptors are in a complex with the 14 kDa light chain and 74 kDa intermediate chain of dynein. Confirming the physiological relevance of this association, a marked accumulation of Trk with the 14 kDa and the 74 kDa dynein components was observed after ligation of the sciatic nerve. The association of Trk receptors with components of cytoplasmic dynein suggests that transport of neurotrophins during vesicular trafficking may occur through a direct interaction of the Trk receptor with the dynein motor machinery.
MIGRAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS E POPULAÇÕES ESTRANGEIRAS NA FRANÇA E NO BRASIL (2009)

International audience
Human Papillomavirus Testing in Women With Mild Cytologic Atypia (2000)

In Brief Objective To evaluate the efficiency of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing by Hybrid Capture II (Digene Diagnostics Inc., Silver Spring, MD) with regard to detecting biopsyconfirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or high-grade CIN in women with mild atypia, compared with the efficiencies of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blot hybridization, and cytology. Methods We prospectively studied 378 women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) (n = 111) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) (n = 267) demonstrated by referral cytology. We did repeat cytology, sampling for detection of HPV DNA by Hybrid Capture II, PCR, and Southern blot hybridization, and colposcopic evaluation with cervical biopsies. Results All participants underwent the Hybrid Capture II test and 320 underwent the three HPV tests. Sensitivities of Hybrid Capture II for detecting CIN and high-grade CIN (0.81 and 0.86, respectively) were similar to those of cytology (0.83 and 0.82, respectively) and PCR (0.77 and 0.95, respectively), and higher than those of Southern blot hybridization (0.48 and 0.45, respectively). Compared with cytology, combined triage with Hybrid Capture II improved sensitivities for detecting CIN (0.94 versus 0.83, P < .001) and high-grade CIN (0.96 versus 0.85), though the latter difference was not significant (P = .17). In women with ASCUS, sensitivities of combined triage and cytology for detecting CIN were 0.94 and 0.71, respectively (P = .01), and sensitivities of the two methods for detecting high-grade CIN were 0.92 and 0.66, respectively (P = .13). The increase in sensitivity was lower among women with low-grade SILs; for these women, cytology had high sensitivity (0.86 for CIN and 1.00 for high-grade CIN). The specificity of combined triage was significantly lower than that of cytology in both groups. Conclusion Compared with repeat cytology, combined triage with HPV testing markedly improves sensitivity for detecting CIN in women with ASCUS, but at the expense of specificity. Combined repeat cytology and papillomavirus testing improves detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, but at the expense of specificity.
Estradiol absorption from vaginal tablets in postmenopausal women (2002)

Treatment with 25 or 10 microgram of 17 beta-E2 vaginal tablets resulted in low absorption of estrogen without systemic effects often associated with hormone replacement therapy. After 12 weeks of therapy for atrophic vaginitis, absorption patterns remained consistent, and women did not have accumulations of circulating E2.
Clozapine inhibits development and expression of nicotine‐induced locomotor sensitization in rats (2008)

It has been shown that clozapine, the prototype of atypical antipsychotics, significantly reduces daily cigarette use and alcohol consumption in schizophrenic patients. However, our knowledge about the effect of clozapine on nicotine abuse is limited. Aim of this study was to determine whether clozapine would inhibit the development and expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats. To investigate the effect of clozapine on the development of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization, rats were pretreated with clozapine (2.5-10 mg/kg) 30 min before the nicotine (0.5 mg/kg), and locomotor activity was recorded for 15 min. This procedure was repeated every day for eight sessions. After a 3-day drug-free period, rats were challenged with nicotine (0.5 mg/kg). To reveal effect of clozapine on the expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization, rats were injected with nicotine for eight sessions. After a 3-day drug-free period, rats were pretreated with clozapine (2.5-10 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 min before the nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) challenge injection. Repeated administration of nicotine generated robust locomotor sensitization in rats. Clozapine pretreatment (2.5-10 mg/kg) blocked the development and the expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats. Our results suggest that atypical antipsychotic clozapine can prevent the effects of nicotine in an animal model of dependence, which represents early adaptations in initiation and continuation of addictive behavior.
Expression of EphA2 and Ephrin A-1 in Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder (2006)

EphA2 may serve as a novel target for bladder cancer therapy.
S-Ribosylhomocysteine Cleavage Enzyme from Escherichia coli (1968)

Cell-free extracts from Escherichia coli cleave the thioether linkage of S-ribosylhomocysteine and generate free homocysteine.Homocysteine was quantitatively recovered from reaction mixtures by ion exchange chromatography
Spectrograph Design Fundamentals (2007)

This book was first published in 2007, a time of enormous change in the field of optical spectrometry. Although the basic optical principles remained unchanged, the design considerations were very different and, in many cases, more demanding. Developments in computer ray-tracing and computer-aided design coped with the extra impositions and allowed the construction of a new generation of spectrographs. The book covers the general principles of spectrographic design at the time, and the practical and engineering aspects of a broad range of spectrographs and spectrometers. The book deals with materials and methods of construction and includes suggestions for the choice of optical table, the design of slit mechanisms, and adjustable mirror, grating and lens mounts, with suggestions for the alignment and calibration of the finished instrument.
Antithrombotic Effect of a Recombinant von Willebrand Factor, VCL, on Nitrogen Laser-Induced Thrombus Formation in Guinea Pig Mesenteric Arteries (1995)

To assess the antithrombotic effectiveness of blocking the platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib/IX receptor for von Willebrand factor (vWF), the antiaggregating and antithrombotic effects were studied in guinea pigs using a recombinant fragment of vWF, Leu 504-Lys 728 with a single intrachain disulfide bond linking residues Cys 509-Cys 695. The inhibitory effect of this peptide, named VCL, was tested in vitro on ristocetin- and botrocetin-induced platelet aggregation and compared to the ADP-induced platelet aggregation. In vivo, the antithrombotic effect of VCL was tested in a model of laser-injured mesentery small arteries and correlated to the ex vivo ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. In this model of laser-induced thrombus formation, five mesenteric arteries were studied in each animal, and the number of recurrent thrombi during 15 min, the time to visualization and time to formation of first thrombus were recorded. In vitro, VCL totally abolished ristocetin- and botrocetin-induced platelet aggregation, but had no effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Ex vivo, VCL (0.5 to 2 mg/kg) administered as a bolus i.v. injection inhibits risocetin-induced platelet aggregation with a duration of action exceeding 1 h. The maximum inhibition was observed 5 min after injection of VCL and was dose related. The same doses of VCL had no significant effect on platelet count and bleeding time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dopamine agonists, receptor selectivity and dyskinesia induction in Parkinsonʼs disease (2003)

Levodopa and the dopamine agonists are effective symptomatic treatments for Parkinson's disease, and all patients receive at least one of these agents during their illness. Long-term use of levodopa is commonly associated with motor complications such as dyskinesia, and both the dosing frequency and total daily dose of levodopa determine the rate of onset and severity. Dopamine agonists have gained popularity as first-line monotherapy in Parkinson's disease, as they effectively reverse motor deficits and reduce the risk of motor complications. Long-acting dopamine agonists providing continuous, rather than pulsatile, dopaminergic stimulation appear able to avoid dyskinesia induction. Current treatments act predominantly on D2 receptors, but drugs acting on both the D1 and D2 receptor families may produce an additive motor response, although this remains to be proven in patients with Parkinson's disease. Most currently used dopamine agonists are selective for D2-like receptors, with only pergolide and apomorphine potentially interacting with D1 receptor populations.
A simple nested RT-PCR method for quantitation of the relative amounts of multiple cytokine mRNAs in small tissue samples (1996)

It is difficult to quantitate cytokine mRNA profiles in small human tissue specimens obtained by a needle biopsy, even using standard RT-PCR methods, because the amount of mRNA in the specimens is very small. To address this problem, we developed highly sensitive, quantitative, nested RT-PCR techniques to evaluate the expression of multiple cytokine mRNAs in synovial specimens obtained by needle biopsy. To reduce effects of variation of initial RNA concentrations, cDNA from each target RNA sample was normalized, using a simplified competitive PCR method, to the levels of beta-actin cDNA. The first and the second (nested) PCR were performed in the same tube to prevent contamination. The number of PCR-product bands, evident on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was used to quantitate the relative amounts of target cDNA. Using our methods, it was possible to evaluate, in a single synovial tissue specimen obtained by needle biopsy, the relative amounts of mRNAs for 10 cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40, IL-13, IL-15, IFN-gamma) and CD3 delta chain. Our methods are particularly valuable if there are multiple target mRNAs, numerous samples, or if the amounts of mRNAs are limited. The methods are applicable to a wide variety of tissues and target mRNAs.