gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reflections on John Paul II's theology of the laity: 20th anniversary of Christifideles laici (1989) (2010)

This essay argues that baptismal dignity is the theological motif that JohnPaul II employs in his Apostolic Exhortation Christifideles Laici to explicate the status and role of lay people. For the Pope, the identity, vocation, mission, and spirituality of the laity spring from the dignity conferred by the sacrament of baptism.From this noblesse oblige or honor/onus logic the Pope expounds the theme of baptismal dignity by stressing its Trinitarian and ecclesiological dimensions. In his view, the identity of the laity is based on three pillars of baptism, secularity, and participation in Christs triple ministry; communion ecclesiology is the context for understanding the role of the laity; and, like Lumen Gentium, the universal call to holiness lies at the heart of Christifideles Laici.
Identifying Stress Transfer in CSS Reservoir Operations Through Integrated Microseismic Solutions (2011)

Abstract Advanced seismic analysis approaches are used to examine possible correlations between various seismic characteristics and observed in-situ pressure readings as related to CSS heavy oil operations in Canada. In particular, we examined how seismic parameters such as cumulative strain, apparent volume, energy surplus, and cumulative occurrence rates can be used to identify the dynamic transfer of stress from the reservoir to generating depths, generating conditions for possible failure of the cap rock. These techniques are not only applicable to Canadian oil sands, but potentially to any environment where significant deformation results in seismic events giving the opportunity for a real-time analysis of failure conditions. Based on our analyses, changes in cumulative strain mimic observed pressure changes. Similarly, a resulting increase in energy surplus occurred at reservoir depth coincident with the occurrence of observed pressure spikes, followed by a subsequent increase in apparent volume and cumulative occurrence rates at shallower depth subsequent to the observed pressure spikes. Our observations suggest that advanced seismic analysis techniques can be used to potentially identify the transfer of strain and stress from the reservoir to shallower depths and provide the potential to provide real-time feedback mechanism on reservoir behaviour based on observed microseismicity.
Disruption of Adiponectin Causes Insulin Resistance and Neointimal Formation (2002)

The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin has been proposed to play important roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, and it has been reported to exhibit putative antiatherogenic properties in vitro. In this study we generated adiponectin-deficient mice to directly investigate whether adiponectin has a physiological protective role against diabetes and atherosclerosis in vivo. Heterozygous adiponectin-deficient (adipo(+/-)) mice showed mild insulin resistance, while homozygous adiponectin-deficient (adipo(-/-)) mice showed moderate insulin resistance with glucose intolerance despite body weight gain similar to that of wild-type mice. Moreover, adipo(-/-) mice showed 2-fold more neointimal formation in response to external vascular cuff injury than wild-type mice (p = 0.01). This study provides the first direct evidence that adiponectin plays a protective role against insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in vivo.
Double Barrel Shotgun Scanning of the Caveolin-1 Scaffolding Domain (2007)

In the postgenomic era, a major challenge remains, elucidating the thermodynamic forces governing receptor-ligand specificity and promiscuity. We report a straightforward approach for mapping side-chain contributions to binding for the multipartner interactions characteristic of the human proteome. Double barrel shotgun scanning dissects binding to two or more targets through combinatorial mutagenesis of one protein binding to multiple targets. Examined here, the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (CSD) binds to and inhibits both endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and protein kinase A (PKA). Homolog shotgun scanning of CSD highlights residues responsible for CSD oligomerization and binding to eNOS and PKA. The experiments uncover a general mechanism in which CSD oligomerizes and deoligomerizes to modulate binding affinity to partner proteins. The results provide a detailed look at a multipartner protein interaction, uncovering strategies for one protein binding to multiple partners.
A new high-precision optical technique to measure magnetostriction of a thin magnetic film deposited on a substrate (1989)

The drive in data storage technology towards utilizing magnetic films with lower magnetostriction (to reduce the magnetoelastic energy term) and reduced thickness has resulted in the requirement for more sensitive, reliable, and easy-to-use tools to monitor magnetostriction. A measurement tool based on an in-plane rotating and saturating magnetic field and laser-beam-deflection technique, which is able to meet these requirements, is described. The tool developed offers high accuracy, large dynamic range, long-term stability, simple sample insertion, and a fast, easy measurement procedure. With this tool, the measurement of small magnetostriction coefficients of thin soft-magnetic films can become a simple, fast, and reliable procedure, thus helping the development of magnetic thin-film production processes and routine composition control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of the strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 on the microbial community in the rhizosphere of lettuce under field conditions analyzed by whole metagenome sequencing (2014)

Application of the plant associated bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) confirmed its capability to promote plant growth and health by reducing disease severity (DS) caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Therefore this strain is commercially applied as an eco-friendly plant protective agent. It is able to produce cyclic lipopeptides (CLP) and polyketides featuring antifungal and antibacterial properties. Production of these secondary metabolites led to the question of a possible impact of strain FZB42 on the composition of microbial rhizosphere communities after its application. Rating of DS and lettuce growth during a field trial confirmed the positive impact of strain FZB42 on the health of the host plant. To verify B. amyloliquefaciens as an environmentally compatible plant protective agent, its effect on the indigenous rhizosphere community was analyzed by metagenome sequencing. Rhizosphere microbial communities of lettuce treated with B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 and non-treated plants were profiled by high-throughput metagenome sequencing of whole community DNA. Fragment recruitments of metagenome sequence reads on the genome sequence of B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 proved the presence of the strain in the rhizosphere over 5 weeks of the field trial. Comparison of taxonomic community profiles only revealed marginal changes after application of strain FZB42. The orders Burkholderiales, Actinomycetales and Rhizobiales were most abundant in all samples. Depending on plant age a general shift within the composition of the microbial communities that was independent of the application of strain FZB42 was observed. In addition to the taxonomic profiling, functional analysis of annotated sequences revealed no major differences between samples regarding application of the inoculant strain.
Hydroxyapatite-Mediated Separation of Double-Stranded DNA, Single-Stranded DNA, and RNA Genomes from Natural Viral Assemblages (2010)

Metagenomics can be used to determine the diversity of complex, often unculturable, viral communities with various nucleic acid compositions. Here, we report the use of hydroxyapatite chromatography to efficiently fractionate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), dsRNA, and ssRNA genomes from known bacteriophages. Linker-amplified shotgun libraries were constructed to generate sequencing reads from each hydroxyapatite fraction. Greater than 90% of the reads displayed significant similarity to the expected genomes at the nucleotide level. These methods were applied to marine viruses collected from the Chesapeake Bay and the Dry Tortugas National Park. Isolated nucleic acids were fractionated using hydroxyapatite chromatography followed by linker-amplified shotgun library construction and sequencing. Taxonomic analysis demonstrated that the majority of environmental sequences, regardless of their source nucleic acid, were most similar to dsDNA viruses, reflecting the bias of viral metagenomic sequence databases.
Terahertz radiation induced by subband-gap femtosecond optical excitation of GaAs (1991)

We have observed terahertz radiation induced by subband-gap femtosecond optical excitation from GaAs. We belive this is due to screening of the surface depletion field by virtual photocarriers (the inverse Franz-Keldysh effect).
PND-1186 FAK inhibitor selectively promotes tumor cell apoptosis in three-dimensional environments (2010)

Tumor cells can grow in an anchorage-independent manner. This is mediated in part through survival signals that bypass normal growth restraints controlled by integrin cell surface receptors. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinase that associates with integrins and modulates various cellular processes including growth, survival, and migration. As increased FAK expression and tyrosine phosphorylation are associated with tumor progression, inhibitors of FAK are being tested for anti-tumor effects. Here, we analyze PND-1186, a substituted pyridine reversible inhibitor of FAK activity with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.5 nM in vitro. PND-1186 has an IC50 of ~100 nM in breast carcinoma cells as determined by anti-phospho-specific immunoblotting to FAK Tyr-397. PND-1186 did not alter c‑Src or p130Cas tyrosine phosphorylation in adherent cells, yet functioned to restrain cell movement. Notably, 1.0 µM PND-1186 (>5-fold above IC50) had limited effects on cell proliferation. However, under non-adherent conditions as spheroids and as colonies in soft agar, 0.1 µM PND-1186 blocked FAK and p130Cas tyrosine phosphorylation, promoted caspase-3 activation, and triggered cell apoptosis. PND-1186 inhibited 4T1 breast carcinoma subcutaneous tumor growth correlated with elevated tumor cell apoptosis and caspase 3 activation. Addition of PND-1186 to the drinking water of mice was well tolerated and inhibited ascites- and peritoneal membrane-associated ovarian carcinoma tumor growth associated with the inhibition of FAK Tyr-397 phosphorylation. Our results with low-level PND-1186 treatment support the conclusion that FAK activity selectively promotes tumor cell survival in three-dimensional environments.
Complement and the antiphospholipid syndrome (2011)

Activation of complement plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aPL-induced pregnancy morbidity and thrombosis. This understanding has been advanced primarily using mouse models of APS and clinical studies in patients with APS are needed. Although there is currently no specific complement-targeted therapy approved for APS, developing and evaluating complement-targeted therapies in patients with APS are warranted. Complement inhibition may provide a novel upstream treatment option for patients with APS compared with the current standard treatment of anticoagulation.
Limits of fiber-grating optical pulse compression (1987)

It is shown that the fiber and grating-pair pulse-compression technique is limited by higher-order terms in the response of the grating-pair compressor and that these terms also limit the usefulness of the compressor for canceling the effects of group-velocity dispersion on the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses. Numerical evaluations of these limits are in good agreement with the minimum experimentally observed compressed pulse width of 8 fsec. Approaches for achieving shorter pulses are discussed.
Effect of segregated early weaning on postweaning small intestinal development in pigs. (1999)

The effect of segregated early weaning (SEW) on postweaning small intestinal development was investigated in SEW and control (CON) pigs. Small intestines were collected from a total of 15 pigs killed at 11 (preweaning), 15 (3 d postweaning), and 34 d of age. At 3 d postweaning, the SEW and CON pigs had shorter villi (P<.01), deeper crypts (P<.01), and reduced (P<.01) ratios of villus height:crypt depth (V:C) compared with preweaning. Weaning also reduced specific activities of lactase (P<.01) in duodenum and ileum and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P<.05) in duodenum and jejunum. Sucrase activity in the three regions of the small intestine marginally decreased in both groups at 3 d postweaning. The mucosal protein:DNA ratio in duodenum and jejunum increased (P<.05) in SEW and CON pigs at 3 d postweaning compared with preweaning pigs. The SEW and CON treatments resulted in differences in postweaning gut development. At 15 d of age in SEW pigs, the mucosal protein:DNA ratio in duodenum and jejunum were 20 and 25.5% (P<.05) less, respectively, than those in CON pigs. However, at 34 d, these ratios in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were 43.5 (P<.05), 24.3, and 32.9% (P<.05) greater, respectively, in SEW pigs than in CON pigs. Longer villi, shorter crypts (P<.01), and higher V:C ratios (P<.01) in jejunum and ileum were observed in SEW pigs vs CON pigs at 34 d of age. The specific activities of lactase in duodenum (P<.01) and jejunum (P<.05) and of ALP in duodenum (P<.01) were higher in SEW pigs. Sucrase activity in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was 21.7, 46.3 (P<.05), and 11.2% greater in SEW pigs at 34 d of age. These results demonstrate differences in postweaning gut development between SEW and CON pigs. Furthermore, the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes in jejunum was greater (P<.001) in 34-d-old SEW pigs compared with CON pigs. Microscopy revealed a thick mucus coating over epithelial cells in the ileum of 34-d-old CON pigs that was not apparent in the SEW pigs. These observations are consistent with reduced pathogen exposure associated with SEW. We suggest that segregated early weaning advances postweaning gut maturation, which is consistent with improved growth and feed efficiency observed in SEW pigs.
Paxillin Binding to a Conserved Sequence Motif in the α4 Integrin Cytoplasmic Domain (2000)

alpha(4)beta(1) integrin-mediated cell adhesion results in increased cell migration, reduced cell spreading, and focal adhesion formation relative to other beta(1) integrins. Paxillin, a signaling adapter protein, binds tightly to the alpha(4) cytoplasmic domain and is implicated in alpha(4) integrin signaling. We now report the mapping of a paxillin-binding site in the alpha(4) cytoplasmic domain and an assessment of its role in the alpha(4) tail-specific integrin functions. By using truncation mutants and a peptide competition assay, we found that a region of 9 amino acid residues (Glu(983)-Tyr(991)) within the alpha(4) cytoplasmic domain contains a minimal sequence sufficient for paxillin binding. Alanine scanning of this region implicated Tyr(991) and Glu(983) as critical residues. The role of these residues was confirmed by introducing these Ala substitutions into the full-length alpha(4) tail sequence. Y991A or E983A substitution disrupted the interaction of alpha(4) integrins with paxillin. These same two point mutations reversed the effects of the alpha(4) tail on cell spreading. The key features of the identified paxillin-binding sequence are present in all alpha(4) integrins sequenced to date, including that from Xenopus laevis. The maintenance of this sequence motif suggests that paxillin binding is an evolutionarily conserved function of alpha(4) integrins.
Rapid photolytic release of adenosine 5'-triphosphate from a protected analog: utilization by the sodium:potassium pump of human red blood cell ghosts (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRapid photolytic release of adenosine 5'-triphosphate from a protected analog: utilization by the sodium:potassium pump of human red blood cell ghostsJack H. Kaplan, Bliss Forbush, III, and Joseph F. HoffmanCite this: Biochemistry 1978, 17, 10, 1929–1935Publication Date (Print):May 16, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 16 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00603a020https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00603a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3821Altmetric-Citations595LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Substrate recruitment to cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by a multipurpose docking site on cyclin A (1998)

An important question in the cell cycle field is how cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) target their substrates. We have studied the role of a conserved hydrophobic patch on the surface of cyclin A in substrate recognition by cyclin A-cdk2. This hydrophobic patch is approximately 35A away from the active site of cdk2 and contains the MRAIL sequence conserved among a number of mammalian cyclins. In the x-ray structure of cyclin A-cdk2-p27, this hydrophobic patch contacts the RNLFG sequence in p27 that is common to a number of substrates and inhibitors of mammalian cdks. We find that mutation of this hydrophobic patch on cyclin A eliminates binding to proteins containing RXL motifs without affecting binding to cdk2. This docking site is critical for cyclin A-cdk2 phosphorylation of substrates containing RXL motifs, but not for phosphorylation of histone H1. Impaired substrate binding by the cyclin is the cause of the defect in RXL substrate phosphorylation, because phosphorylation can be rescued by restoring a cyclin A-substrate interaction in a heterologous manner. In addition, the conserved hydrophobic patch is important for cyclin A function in cells, contributing to cyclin A's ability to drive cells out of the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Thus, we define a mechanism by which cyclins can recruit substrates to cdks, and our results support the notion that a high local concentration of substrate provided by a protein-protein interaction distant from the active site is critical for phosphorylation by cdks.
Gefitinib in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (2011)

Gefitinib is an oral, reversible, tyrosine kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that plays a key role in the biology of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Phase I studies indicated that the recommended dose of gefitinib was 250 mg/day. Rash, diarrhea, and nausea were the most common adverse events. The positive results obtained in early phase 2 clinical trials with gefitinib were not confirmed in large phase 3 trials in unselected patients with advanced NSCLC. The subsequent discovery that the presence of somatic mutations in the kinase domain of EGFR strongly correlates with increased responsiveness to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors prompted phase 2 and 3 trials with gefitinib in the first line-treatment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC. The results of these trials have demonstrated the efficacy of gefitinib that can be now considered as the standard first-line treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC harbouring activating EGFR mutations.
Design of Folded Peptides (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of Folded Peptides†Janani Venkatraman, Sasalu C. Shankaramma, and Padmanabhan BalaramView Author Information Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Chemical Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Campus, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560004, India Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 10, 3131–3152Publication Date (Web):September 15, 2001Publication History Received6 February 2001Published online15 September 2001Published inissue 1 October 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr000053zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr000053zresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5197Altmetric-Citations623LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Conformation,Genetics,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Protein structure Get e-Alerts
Strategies for Large-Scale Synthesis of Coelenterazine for in Vivo Applications (2014)

A new application of two Negishi-type coupling reactions for the synthesis of coelenterazine is reported. The synthesis of coelenterazine in high purity on a gram scale will enable numerous approaches to bioluminescence imaging and possibly photodynamic therapy of deep-seated tumors. Coelenterazine is the substrate for several luciferases, among them <i>Gaussia</i> luciferase (gLuc). This synthesis starts with pyrazin-2-amine and uses inexpensive starting materials and catalysts.
Photodynamic therapy. (1985)

Photodynamic therapy for treatment of malignant tumors uses certain porphyrins as relatively tumor-selective photosensitizers. A wide variety of tumors take up and retain these materials, which can result in complete eradication of the local tumor provided that light of the proper wavelength and sufficient dose is used. This therapy appears to be particularly applicable to treatment of early-stage lung and bladder cancer and can be palliative for several other more advanced cancers.
Study of the behavior of metal adsorption in acid solutions on lignin using a comparison of different adsorption isotherms (2007)

The adsorption process of Nickel and Vanadium dissolved in acid liquor on lignin is studied in this work. Different adsorption isotherm models are used to adjust liquid-solid systems: Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson. It was obtained that the metal adsorption using lignin proceeds by similar chemical mechanisms. Possibly the Nickel is adsorbed in heterogeneous monolayers, contrary to Vanadium which is adsorbed in homogeneous ones. Results of the parameters obtained for every adsorption model and adsorption system are reported too.