gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proliferation of Uterine Natural Killer Cells Is Induced by Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Mediated via the Mannose Receptor (2009)

The endometrial lining of the human uterus contains a population of phenotypically distinct (CD56(bright), CD16(dim)), tissue-specific, natural killer [uterine natural killer (uNK)] cells that play a key role in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. An increase in the number of endometrial uNK cells occurs when the conceptus implants, and there is a further increase during the early stages of placentation. Here, we describe studies that have identified human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), a glycoprotein synthesized by the preimplantation conceptus, as a novel regulator of uNK cell proliferation. The impact of hCG on uNK cells was mediated via the mannose receptor (CD206) rather than by the classical hCG/LH receptor that was not expressed. The mannose receptor and hCG were colocalized on the surface of uNK cells, and proliferation did not occur if cells were incubated with deglycosylated hCG or intact hCG in the presence of excess d-Mannose. These novel observations provide new insight into the endocrine-immune dialogue that exists between the conceptus and immune cells within the receptive endometrium, and have implications for the role of uNK cell-trophoblast interactions and pregnancy outcome.
Reduction of chronic doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in dogs by pretreatment with (+/-)-1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl)propane (ICRF-187). (1981)

Adult beagle dogs were given doxorubicin (1.0 mg/kg body weight i.v.) either alone or 30 min after ICRF-187 (NSC 169780) (12.5 mg/kg body weight i.p.) at weekly intervals. Control dogs received 0.9% NaCl solution i.v. 30 min after ICRF-187 i.p. (12.5 mg/kg body weight). One week after the 15th injection (300 mg/sq m total dose), the animals were sacrificed. The frequency and extent of cellular lesions were graded on a scale of 0 to 4+. Such lesions, consisting mainly of vacuolization and myofibrillar loss, were noted in the hearts of all six dogs given doxorubicin alone. The lesions were severe (4+) in five of these animals and moderate (2+) in one. In contrast, no abnormalities were noted in the hearts of four of the six dogs pretreated with ICRF-187 before doxorubicin administration; the remaining two animals in this group had minimal alterations (1+). At the dosage regimen used in the present experiments, doxorubicin did not induce lesions in lungs, liver, kidney, diaphragm, small intestine, or skeletal muscles. Comparable decreases in white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and serum iron concentration were found in animals receiving doxorubicin with or without ICRF-187. Concurrent administration of ICRF-187 offers a promising means of reducing the chronic cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin.
Inhibition of Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Function: A Promising Strategy for Treating Migraine (2008)

The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is implicated in the underlying pathology of migraine. Serum levels of CGRP, which are elevated during a migraine attack, have been reported to return to normal with alleviation of pain. In addition, CGRP administration has been shown to cause a migraine-like headache in susceptible individuals. Importantly, CGRP receptors are found on many cell types within the trigeminovascular system that are thought to play important roles in controlling inflammatory and nociceptive processes. Based on these findings, it was proposed that blockage of CGRP receptor function and, hence, the physiological effects of CGRP would be effective in aborting a migraine attack. This review will summarize key preclinical data that support the therapeutic potential of using CGRP receptor antagonists or molecules that bind CGRP within the context of current neurovascular theories on migraine pathology.
Prognostic implications of declining plasma gelsolin levels after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (2002)

The idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) represents a common and often fatal complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Gelsolin is a highly conserved actin-binding protein normally present in plasma that may serve a basic physiological role in limiting acute lung injury of diverse etiologies. We hypothesized that depletion of circulating gelsolin following HSCT might play a permissive role in the pathogenesis of IPS. Plasma gelsolin levels were measured by immunoblotting in frozen samples obtained weekly from 24 patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT. Patients with and without IPS were similar with respect to age, diagnosis, histocompatibility differences between donor and recipient, and conditioning regimen. Mean gelsolin levels in the 9 patients with rapidly fatal IPS were significantly lower than those in patients without this complication by week 3 after HSCT (101 +/- 61 mg/L versus 221 +/- 54 mg/L; P =.0002). Seven (88%) of the 8 patients with gelsolin levels of less than 100 mg/L in the first month after HSCT died from IPS within 3 months; conversely, gelsolin levels fell to less than 100 mg/L in 7 (78%) of the 9 patients who died from IPS within 3 months of HSCT (P =.0007). These findings suggest that gelsolin levels shortly after allogeneic HSCT can predict the later development of fatal IPS. Gelsolin replacement in selected transplant patients may offer a novel strategy to prevent or reverse IPS.
Internet Message Access Protocol - Obsolete Syntax (1996)

This document describes obsolete syntax which may be encountered by IMAP4 implementations which deal with older versions of the Internet Mail Access Protocol. IMAP4 implementations MAY implement this syntax in order to maximize interoperability with older implementations.
Load Pattern-Based Classification of Electricity Customers (2004)

Accurate knowledge of the customers' consumption patterns represents a worthwhile asset for electricity providers in competitive electricity markets. Various approaches can be used for grouping customers that exhibit similar electrical behavior into customer classes. In this paper, we focus on two approaches for customer classification-a modified follow-the-leader algorithm and the self-organizing maps. We include an overview of basic theory for these methods and discuss the performance of the customer classification on the real case of a set of customers supplied by a distribution company. We compare the results obtained from the two approaches by means of two suitably defined adequacy indicators and discuss the potential applications of the surveyed approaches.
Unexpected Relationships between Structure and Function in α,β-Peptides:  Antimicrobial Foldamers with Heterogeneous Backbones (2004)

We describe our first effort to design antimicrobial alpha/beta-peptides based upon their helical folding behavior. alpha/beta-Peptide 3 (above), designed as a scrambled negative control, exhibited the most favorable activity profile, combining high antimicrobial activity with low hemolytic activity. This finding suggests that design principles focused primarily on structures that adopt globally amphiphilic structures may exclude productive possibilities from evaluation.
Pharmacokinetics of oral neratinib during co‐administration of ketoconazole in healthy subjects (2010)

Co-administration of neratinib with ketoconazole, a potent CYP3A inhibitor, increased neratinib C(max) by 3.2-fold and AUC by 4.8-fold compared with administration of neratinib alone. These results indicate that neratinib is a substrate of CYP3A and is susceptible to interaction with potent CYP3A inhibitors and, thus, dose adjustments may be needed if neratinib is administered with such compounds.
Discarding Variables in a Principal Component Analysis. II: Real Data (1973)

In this paper it is shown for four sets of real data, all published examples of principal component analysis, that the number of variables used can be greatly reduced with little effect on the results obtained. Five methods for discarding variables, which have previously been successfully tested on artificial data (Jolliffe, 1972), are used. The methods are compared and all are shown to be satisfactory for real, as well as artificial, data, although none is shown to be overwhelmingly superior to the others.
Cool heads: ethical issues associated with therapeutic hypothermia for newborns (2008)

Hypothermia is a promising new therapy, but further research will be necessary to help resolve some of the ethical concerns associated with its use in newborns with HIE .
Stability of Endogenous and Added RNA in Blood Specimens, Serum, and Plasma (2002)

Plasma RNA is stable in uncentrifuged EDTA blood stored at 4 degrees C, but to obtain a stable serum RNA concentration, uncentrifuged clotted blood should be stored at 4 degrees C and processed within 6 h. A single freeze/thaw cycle produces no significant effect on the RNA concentration of plasma or serum.
On-Line CE−LIF−MS Technology for the Direct Characterization of N-Linked Glycans from Therapeutic Antibodies (2008)

Glycan characterization of therapeutic proteins is of utmost importance due to the role of carbohydrates in protein stability, half-life, efficacy and mechanism of action. The primary assay for characterization and lot release of N-linked glycans on glycoprotein products at Genentech, Inc., is a capillary electrophoresis (CE) based assay, wherein PNGase F-released, APTS-labeled glycans are separated by CE with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection. With the growing number of new molecular entities in the pipeline, a fast and direct characterization approach is of increasing importance. This paper describes the development of CE-MS technology with on-line LIF detection that allows identification of major and minor glycan species (1-5% of total glycans) by providing accurate mass information. Data is presented for therapeutic rMAbs which presented previously unidentified, minor peaks during routine CE-LIF analysis. CE-LIF-MS was then used to provide accurate mass on these species, identifying CE peaks corresponding to sialylated (G1 + NANA, G2 + NANA), afucosylated (G0-GlcNAc-fucose) and low-level isomers of major APTS-labeled glycans G0, G1, G1' and G2.
Specific Targeting of Chlorambucil to Tumors With the Use of Monoclonal Antibodies<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1986)

The concept of attaching cytotoxic drugs, such as the alkylating agent chlorambucil (CBL), to "tumor-specific" antibodies for the treatment of cancer is attractive, inasmuch as the specificity of CBL could be increased and its systemic toxicity reduced. To this end, CBL was activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide to produce an active ester derivative that was covalently coupled to monoclonal antibodies reactive with murine cell surface antigens. Up to 30 molecules of CBL were specifically bound per molecule of antibody, without impairing the alkylating activity of CBL and with minimal loss of antibody activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the conjugate was tested by the inhibition in [3H]thymidine incorporation into tumor cells, which demonstrated the conjugate to be specifically cytotoxic toward antibody-reactive cell lines, having more activity than the free drug. In vivo treatment of (C57BL/6 X BALB/c)F1 mice bearing a murine thymoma with CBL-antibody conjugates gave prolonged survival times and greater inhibition of growth of established tumors than was obtained with free antibody or CBL alone. The study is one of the first examples of the greater toxicity of a drug coupled to antibody, inasmuch as most drugs when coupled to antibody lose activity. CBL-monoclonal antibody conjugates may, therefore, provide a means of specifically attacking tumors, which could be therapeutically useful.
Polymorphism − A Perspective (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPerspectiveNEXTPolymorphism − A PerspectivePublished as part of the Crystal Growth & Design10th Anniversary Perspective.Joel Bernstein*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel*Current address: Faculty of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected].Cite this: Cryst. Growth Des. 2011, 11, 3, 632–650Publication Date (Web):January 19, 2011Publication History Received10 October 2010Revised16 November 2010Published online19 January 2011Published inissue 2 March 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cg1013335https://doi.org/10.1021/cg1013335review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8788Altmetric-Citations319LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Crystallization,Crystals,Molecules,Solvates Get e-Alerts
CD137 is expressed by follicular dendritic cells and costimulates B lymphocyte activation in germinal centers (2002)

CD137, a member of the TNF receptor family, and its ligand are expressed on T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APC), respectively. During interaction with APC, T lymphocytes receive a potent, costimulatory signal through CD137. Reverse signaling has been demonstrated for the CD137 ligand, which causes activation in monocytes. Here we show that B lymphocytes also receive costimulatory signals through the CD137 ligand. Immobilized CD137 augmented proliferation of preactivated B lymphocytes up to fivefold and immunoglobulin synthesis, up to threefold. CD137 had no effect on resting cells. Further, we show that CD137 is expressed in vivo by follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in germinal centers. Germinal centers form during humoral immune responses and are essential for B lymphocyte affinity maturation. These data imply that, similar to the CD40 receptor/ligand system, which mediates T lymphocyte help to B lymphocytes after the first antigen encounter, the CD137 receptor/ligand system may mediate costimulation of B lymphocytes by FDC during affinity maturation.
Identification of Biliary Metabolites of (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate in Rats (2000)

After oral administration of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) to rats, its biliary metabolites were examined. Although a large part of the biliary metabolites was found to exist in conjugated forms, it was difficult to separate the conjugated forms. Thus the free form of biliary metabolites was prepared by beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment and was purified by HPLC. Six compounds purified were subjected to FABeta-MS and NMR analyses. The six metabolites thus obtained were shown to be EGCg, 3'-O-methyl-EGCg, 4'-O-methyl-EGCg, 3' '-O-methyl-EGCg, 4' '-O-methyl-EGCg, and 4',4' '-di-O-methyl-EGCg, respectively. The six EGCg metabolites and their conjugates excreted during a 4-h period were estimated to be roughly 0.1% and 3.3% of the administered EGCg, respectively. In addition, 4' '-O-methyl-EGCg and 4',4' '-di-O-methyl-EGCg were estimated to exist only in the sulfate form, but the other four metabolites existed in both glucuronide (and/or sulfoglucuronide) and sulfate forms.
Embodied user interfaces for really direct manipulation (2000)

A major event in the history of human-computer interaction was the advent of the graphical user interface at Xerox PARC in the 1970s. The GUI was based on a bitmapped display, making the interface to the computer primarily a visual medium, along with a pointing device (typically a mouse), enabling the user to point to parts of the display. The GUI transformed HCI from communication in an arcane textual language to a visual and manipulative activity.
Inulin and Oligofructose (2008)

In Brief This article explores the potential role of inulin-type fructans in the human diet, focusing on scientific developments presented at the 5th Orafti Research Conference held at the Harvard Medical School in 2006, with special emphasis on the effects of inulin and oligofructose on the modulation of the gut microbiota and their effects on human health. A solid review of some novel prebiotics
SOLpro: accurate sequence-based prediction of protein solubility (2009)

Here, we first curate a large, non-redundant and balanced training set of more than 17 000 proteins. Next, we extract and study 23 groups of features computed directly or predicted (e.g. secondary structure) from the primary sequence. The data and the features are used to train a two-stage support vector machine (SVM) architecture. The resulting predictor, SOLpro, is compared directly with existing methods and shows significant improvement according to standard evaluation metrics, with an overall accuracy of over 74% estimated using multiple runs of 10-fold cross-validation.
Inhibitory anti-peptide antibody against human CYP3A4. (1997)

An inhibitory anti-peptide antibody was raised against a 21-amino acid peptide (VKRMKESRLEDTQKHRVDFLQ) corresponding to residues 253-273 of human cytochrome P450 3A4. High titer antibodies were produced by rabbits immunized with this peptide coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, as judged by ELISA. Anti-peptide antibody recognized a single protein band in microsomes prepared from cells expressing recombinant human CYP3A4 in immunoblotting analysis. No immunodetectable proteins were found in microsomes containing other cytochrome P450 isoforms. In addition, the antibody did not recognize CYP3A5, a closely related isoform in the CYP3A family. In human liver microsomes, only one protein band which comigrated with human CYP3A4 was recognized by this antibody and the relative blotting intensity of this protein band correlated significantly with human CYP3A4-catalyzed testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylase activities (r = 0.96). More importantly, this antibody exhibited greater than 90-95% inhibition of testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation, while other cytochrome P450-mediated reactions in human liver microsomes were not inhibited. Because of its specificity and inhibitory potency, this anti-peptide antibody should be a valuable tool in evaluating the role of CYP3A in mediating in vitro metabolism of therapeutic agents.
General Avenue to Individually Dispersed Graphene Oxide-Based Two-Dimensional Molecular Brushes by Free Radical Polymerization (2010)

We present a general strategy for facile synthesis of 2D macromolecular brushes. The ultraflat one-atomic layer of graphene oxide with micrometer-scale sheet topology was employed as the macromolecular backbone; more than 10 types of polymer chains were covalently tethered to the nanosheets through free radical polymerization, producing various 2D molecular brushes with multifunctional arms covering from polar to apolar, water-soluble to oil-soluble, acidic to basic, and functional to common polymers. The resulting molecular brushes are well soluble in desired solvents in the forms of individually dispersed hairy nanosheets. The growing process of 2D molecular brushes was clearly visualized by AFM. The giant 2D brushes with arm density up to 1.59 × 104 arms per μm2 of single side of graphene show high solubility (∼15 mg/mL), low intrinsic viscosity (∼100 mL/g), and fine electrical conductivity (∼8.4 × 10−3 S/cm), and they can possess numerous epoxy and other functional groups at their arms if necessary, promising a luciferous foreground in both scientific research and industrial applications. The polymer-grafted graphene oxide can be well dispersed in free polymer matrix and can be well soluble in solvents again, suggesting that nanocomposite of polymer-grafted graphene oxide and polymer can be readily produced by the solution-processing technique.
Measurement of the binding of tyrosyl phosphopeptides to SH2 domains: a reappraisal. (1995)

Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-mediated interactions with phosphotyrosine residues are critical in many intracellular signal transduction pathways. Attempts to understand the determinants of specificity and selectivity of these interactions have prompted many binding studies that have used several techniques. Some discrepancies, in both the absolute and relative values of the dissociation constants for particular interactions, are apparent. To establish the correct dissociation constants and to understand the origin of these differences, we have analyzed three previously determined interactions using the techniques of surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry. We find that the binding of SH2 domains to phosphopeptides is weaker than generally presumed. A phosphopeptide based on the hamster polyoma middle tumor antigen interacts with the SH2 domain from Src with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 600 nM; a phosphopeptide based on one binding site from the platelet-derived growth factor receptor binds to the N-terminal SH2 domain of the 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit with a Kd of 300 nM; and a phosphopeptide based on the C terminus of Lck binds to the SH2 domain of Lck with a Kd of 4 microM. In addition, we demonstrate that avidity effects that result from the dimerization of glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins with SH2 domains could be responsible for overestimates of affinities for these interactions previously studied by surface plasmon resonance.
Treatment of Severe Lactic Acidosis with Dichloroacetate (1982)

Four patients with severe lactic acidosis associated with septic shock were treated with sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) (50 mg/kg body wt), an activator of pyruvate dehydrogenase. All patients were in a group with an expected mortality rate of 90-100%, based on previous studies. In one patient, treatment with DCA was associated with a decrease in blood lactate levels from 11.2 mM before treatment to 0.8 mM 16 h later. Markedly elevated blood pyruvate and alanine levels also decreased to normal. After treatment, the arterial blood pH rose to 7.53, and vasopressor agents were no longer needed to support blood pressure. Some degree of biochemical improvement was also noted in the other cases in whom the blood lactate levels before treatment were 15, 17, and 31 mM. However, all three patients eventually died of refractory acidosis.
Microbial polyketide synthases: More and more prolific (1999)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Growth and stability of oxidation resistant Si nanocrystals formed by decomposition of alkyl silanes (2007)

The synthesis and characterization of 1-10 nm Si nanocrystals highly resistant to oxidation is described. The nanocrystals were prepared by thermal decomposition of tetramethylsilane at 680 C, or in a gold- induced catalytic process at lower temperatures down to 400-450 C using trioctylamine as an initial solvent. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of samples obtained in the presence of gold show that the nanocrystals form via solid-phase epitaxial attachment of Si to the gold crystal lattice. The results of computational modeling performed using first principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations predict that the enhanced stability of nanocrystals to oxidation is due to the presence of N or N-containing groups on the surface of nanocrystals.