gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a nonhistone chromosomal protein associated with heterochromatin in Drosophila melanogaster and its gene. (1986)

Monoclonal antibodies were prepared against a fraction of nuclear proteins of Drosophila melanogaster identified as tightly binding to DNA. Four of these antibodies were directed against a 19-kilodalton nuclear protein; immunofluorescence staining of the polytene chromosomes localized the antigen to the alpha, beta, and intercalary heterochromatic regions. Screening of a lambda gt11 cDNA expression library with one of the monoclonal antibodies identified a recombinant DNA phage clone that produced a fusion protein immunologically similar to the heterochromatin-associated protein. Polyclonal sera directed against the bacterial lacZ fusion protein recognized the same nuclear protein on Western blots. A full-length cDNA clone was isolated from a lambda gt10 library, and its DNA sequence was obtained. Analysis of the open reading frame revealed an 18,101-dalton protein encoded by this cDNA. Two overlapping genomic DNA clones were isolated from a Charon 4 library of D. melanogaster with the cDNA clone, and a restriction map was obtained. In situ hybridization with these probes indicated that the gene maps to a single chromosome location at 29A on the 2L chromosome. This general strategy should be effective for cloning the genes and identifying the genetic loci of chromosomal proteins which cannot be readily assayed by other means.
Assessing the Adequacy of Past Antidepressant Trials: A Clinician’s Guide to the Antidepressant Treatment Response Questionnaire (2011)

Article Abstract Because this piece does not have an abstract, we have provided for your benefit the first 3 sentences of the full text. Many depressed patients do not remit on antidepressant medication despite an adequate dosage and a sufficient duration of treatment. This has spawned endeavors to define treatment-resistant depression as a depressive episode that has shown insufficient response to 1 or more adequate trials of an antidepressant. What constitutes insufficient, inadequate, or partial response is still a matter of debate.
Performance of an OFDM spread spectrum communications system using lapped transforms (2002)

Two systems that use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) as a spread spectrum technique are described and their performance is evaluated in the presence of tone and pulsed Gaussian interference. One system obtains frequency diversity by sending the same data bat simultaneously on all the carriers while a second system obtains both time and frequency diversity by sequentially sending a given data bit on different carriers until it is sent on all possible carriers. Interference excision, in which some of the transform bins are removed in the detection process, are used in the receivers. Simulated BER performance in AWGN and interference is presented for systems that use a number of different block transforms and the modulated lapped transform (MLT) and it is shown that the MLT provides much better performance due to its ability to confine the interference energy to a few transform bins.
Isolation and characterization of SUA5, a novel gene required for normal growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1992)

We have identified the sua5 locus as a suppressor of an aberrant ATG codon located in the leader region of the cyc1 gene. The sua5-1 allele enhances the iso-1-cytochrome c steady state level in the cyc1-1019 mutant from 2% to approximately 60% of normal (Cyc+) and also confers a marked slow growth (Slg-) phenotype. Suppression is not a consequence of altered transcription initiation at the cyc1 locus. The SUA5 wild-type gene was isolated and sequenced, revealing an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a potential protein of 46,537 Da. SUA5 transcript analyses were consistent with expression of the predicted ORF and Sua5 antisera detected a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 44 kDa. SUA5 was mapped to chromosome VII, immediately adjacent to the PMR1 gene. Hybridization analysis revealed the presence of a related gene on chromosome XII. Neither the SUA5 DNA sequence nor deduced amino acid sequence showed homology to any sequences in the data banks. Disruption of SUA5 conferred the same Cyc+ and Slg- phenotypes as the sua5-1 suppressor, which is the result of a missense mutation, encoding a Ser107----Phe replacement. In addition, sua5 null mutants lack cytochrome a.a3 and fail to grow on lactate or glycerol medium. These results define SUA5 as a new gene encoding a novel protein that is necessary for normal cell growth.
Pim-1 protein expression is regulated by its 5'-untranslated region and translation initiation factor elF-4E. (1997)

Expression of Pim-1, an oncogenic serine/threonine kinase, is highly regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. Here, we report that expression of Pim-1 kinase is additionally regulated at the translational level. Pim-1 protein expression did not increase in Hut-78 lymphocytes in response to PMA1/ionomycin stimulation despite approximately 20-fold increases in mRNA levels, suggesting that translation was repressed. Sequence analysis of the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) indicated a long (400 nucleotide), 76% G + C-rich region, characteristics known to inhibit translation. Deletion of the 5'-UTR of pim-1 increased translation of the Pim-1 protein approximately 10-fold in vitro in reticulocyte lysates and approximately 1.6-fold in vivo in NIH-3T3 cells. When full-length 5'-UTR-containing pim-1 cDNA constructs were transfected into NIH-3T3 cells overexpressing eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF-4E), approximately 6-fold higher levels of Pim-1 protein were produced, as compared to that produced in control NIH-3T3 cells. Moreover, eIF-4E overexpression had little effect in the absence of the 5'-UTR, suggesting that it relieved 5'-UTR-mediated inhibition of Pim-1 expression.
Manual of Clinical Virology (1993)

Part 1 General laboratory procedures: laboratory design and equipment laboratory safety general methodologies virus testing protocols specimen collection and processing mammalian cell culture procedures quality assurance. Part 2 Specific detection methods: adenoviruses chlamydiae clostridium difficile toxin assay cytomegalovirus enteroviruses Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis A virus herpes simplex virus human herpesvirus 6 influenza virus measles virus mumps virus parainfluenza virus human papillomavirus polyomavirus human parvovirus respiratory syncytial virus human retroviruses rhinovirus rotavirus rubella virus varicella-zoster virus. Part 3 Appendices: glossary of commonly used terms reagent resources reagent formulations.
Lost! Leveraging the Crowd for Probabilistic Visual Self-Localization (2013)

In this paper we propose an affordable solution to self-localization, which utilizes visual odometry and road maps as the only inputs. To this end, we present a probabilistic model as well as an efficient approximate inference algorithm, which is able to utilize distributed computation to meet the real-time requirements of autonomous systems. Because of the probabilistic nature of the model we are able to cope with uncertainty due to noisy visual odometry and inherent ambiguities in the map (e.g., in a Manhattan world). By exploiting freely available, community developed maps and visual odometry measurements, we are able to localize a vehicle up to 3m after only a few seconds of driving on maps which contain more than 2,150km of drivable roads.
Secretory Phospholipase A 2 Is the Principal Bactericide for Staphylococci and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria in Human Tears (1998)

We examined human tears for molecules that killed gram-positive bacteria. The principal mediator of bactericidal activity against staphylococci proved to be a calcium-dependent enzyme, secretory phospholipase A2. Whereas the concentration of secretory phospholipase A2 in the normal tear film exceeded 30 microg/ml, only 1.1 ng (<0.1 nM) of the enzyme per ml sufficed to kill Listeria monocytogenes and 15 to 80 ng/ml killed Staphylococcus aureus. Despite its efficacy against gram-positive bacteria, secretory phospholipase A2 lacked bactericidal activity against gram-negative organisms (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) when tested in the ionic environment of tears. Given the presence of secretory phospholipase A2 in tears, intestinal secretions, and leukocytes, this enzyme may play a substantial role in innate mucosal and systemic bactericidal defenses against gram-positive bacteria.
Video-electrographic and clinical features in patients with ictal asystole (2007)

Ictal asystole is a rare feature of patients with focal epilepsy. Delayed loss of tone is distinctly uncommon in patients with temporal lobe seizures, but may inevitably occur in patients with ictal asystole after a critical duration of cardiac arrest and cerebral hypoperfusion. Further cardiac monitoring in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and a history of unexpected collapse and falls late in the course of a typical seizure may be warranted and can potentially help to prevent sudden unexplained death in epilepsy.
Use of System Design Techniques in the Optimization of Integrated Powertrains Incorporating an IVT (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Integration of an Infinitely Variable Transmission (IVT) into a vehicle powertrain provides the opportunity to fulfil vehicle attribute requirements via manipulation of many design parameters. To realize this potential the powertrain must be considered as a system that includes the vehicle, the engine, the transmission and the driveline control strategy and calibration. The number of interactions within this system requires that dynamic modeling is used in the analysis of the system. Such an analysis readily provides a route to driveline optimization against any chosen parameter or combination of parameters or metrics.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper demonstrates the application of specially written CAE tools and dynamic system modeling analysis during the design and optimization process of an integrated IVT powertrain. This process shows how the vehicle requirements can be met whilst also satisfying constraints imposed by individual elements within the system. The influence and importance of the system calibration upon the IVT transmission packaging will be shown with particular emphasis upon the dynamic requirements of the system.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;It is concluded that CAE tools are vital in the full optimization of an IVT integrated powertrain system.&lt;/div&gt;
The role of antimony on properties of widely varying GaInNAsSb compositions (2006)

Antimony has been used as a surfactant to improve the quality of GaInNAs∕GaAs quantum wells for long-wavelength optoelectronics. We demonstrate the importance of antimony as a reactive surfactant and the proper usage of it with dilute nitrides in order to tailor the properties of solar cell and laser devices. The effects of the addition of antimony to low indium concentration (∼8%) and low strain GaInNAs material (for 1.0eV solar cell applications) were investigated. It was assumed previously that adding antimony helped all GaInNAs alloys, but the validity of this was not previously tested. The addition of antimony to high indium concentration (∼32%) and high strain GaInNAs samples led to a dramatic improvement in optical quality and a widening of the growth window, while it led to a degradation in the low indium (low strain) composition samples. The addition of indium under constant antimony flux also improved the optical quality of the GaInNAs material. Variations in the indium and antimony compositions revealed a competition in atomic incorporation into the GaInNAsSb alloy. This interaction will be discussed. Increasing indium and/or strain confirmed the reactive surfactant properties of antimony on GaInNAsSb alloys.
S-Nitrosation and the reactions of S-nitroso compounds (1985)

D. L. H. Williams, Chem. Soc. Rev., 1985, 14, 171 DOI: 10.1039/CS9851400171
qiime: QIIME 1.9.1 (2015)

This is a bug fix release that addresses three critical bugs, as well as several minor bugs and usability enhancements. The full details of the changes in this release, including descriptions of the three critical bugs, are in the ChangeLog. <strong>We recommend that all users review the ChangeLog to determine if you were affected by these bugs.</strong> We apologize for any inconvenience that this may have caused.
Practical suggestions for better crystal structures (2009)

X-ray crystallography is one of the most popular analytical methods, and with the advent of area detectors in the 1990s single crystal X-ray structure determination has become commonplace. Initially, the method was reserved for the expert, but hard- and software improvements of the last couple of decades have enabled scientists who are not formally trained in crystallography to determine crystal structures as well. This has led to an explosion of the number of crystal structures and, unfortunately, also of the number of incorrect structures submitted to scientific journals. It is evident that (semi)automated structure determination works only for routine structures. In more complex cases, such as structures with disorders, pseudo-symmetry or twinning, crystallographic knowledge, refinement skills and experience are still vital for obtaining high-quality, publication-grade crystal structures. This article is meant to offer a few suggestions to scientists who are using crystallography as part of their research, as an ancillary-science so to speak, hoping to help improve the quality of their crystal structures.
A Microfabrication-Based Dynamic Array Cytometer (2002)

We have developed a microfabricated device for use in parallel luminescent single-cell assays that can sort populations upon the basis of dynamic functional responses to stimuli. This device is composed of a regular array of noncontact single-cell traps. These traps use dielectrophoresis to stably confine cells and hold them against disrupting fluid flows. Using quantitative modeling, we have designed traps with a novel asymmetric extruded-quadrupole geometry. This new trap can be physically arrayed and electrically addressed, enabling our cytometer. Situating an array of these traps in a microchannel, we have introduced cells into the array and demonstrated observation of fluorescent dynamic responses followed by sorting. Such a device has potential for use in investigating functional processes, as revealed by temporal behavior, in large numbers of single cells.
Ileal Exclusion in Children With Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (2013)

IE is an alternative rescue option to PEBD and should be offered cautiously, only to patients who cannot benefit from PEBD.
The ester enolate-imine condensation route to .beta.-lactams (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe ester enolate-imine condensation route to .beta.-lactamsDavid J. Hart and Deok Chan HaCite this: Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 7, 1447–1465Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00097a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00097a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2273Altmetric-Citations350LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
International Headache Society Classification: Interobserver Reliability in the Diagnosis of Primary Headaches (1994)

We assessed interobserver reliability of the International Headache Society (IHS) classification for diagnosis of primary headaches. The study was performed on 103 patients consecutively seen at two Headache Centres. Each patient was given a structured interview recorded on videotape. Four experienced clinicians then reviewed the interviews separately and made a diagnosis of headache according to IHS criteria at the one- and two-digit levels. At both the one- and the two-digit level the agreement was substantial (Kappa = 0.74 and 0.65, respectively). The analysis of reliability for each of nine items necessary for diagnosis showed an agreement ranging from substantial (Kappa = 0.69) to almost perfect (Kappa = 0.89). Our results indicate that the IHS classification has a good reliability for the diagnosis of primary headaches at the one- and two-digit levels.
Characterization of Cell Cycle Specific Protein Interaction Networks of the Yeast 26S Proteasome Complex by the QTAX Strategy (2010)

Ubiquitin-proteasome dependent protein degradation plays a fundamental role in the regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Cell cycle transitions between different phases are tightly regulated to prevent uncontrolled cell proliferation, which is characteristic of cancer cells. To understand cell cycle phase specific regulation of the 26S proteasome and reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway during cell cycle progression, we have carried out comprehensive characterization of cell cycle phase specific proteasome interacting proteins (PIPs) by QTAX analysis of synchronized yeast cells. Our efforts have generated specific proteasome interaction networks for the G1, S, and M phases of the cell cycle and identified a total of 677 PIPs, 266 of which were not previously identified from unsynchronized cells. On the basis of the dynamic changes of their SILAC ratios across the three cell cycle phases, we have employed a profile vector-based clustering approach and identified 20 functionally significant groups of PIPs, 3 of which are enriched with cell cycle related functions. This work presents the first step toward understanding how dynamic proteasome interactions are involved in various cellular pathways during the cell cycle.
HUMAN DIARRHEAL DISEASE CAUSED BY ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (1975)

HUMANS 336 CHARACTERIZATION OF E. COLI ENTEROTOXINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Heat-Stable and Heat-Labile Enterotoxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Cultural Conditions for Production of Enterotoxin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Animal and Cell Models for Detection of E. coli Enterotoxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 Physiological Effects 0/ E. coli Enterotoxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 Cellular and Biochemical Effects of E. coli Enterotoxins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 Purification of E. coli Enterotoxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 Genetic Control of Enterotoxin Production in E. coli... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 Relationship of E. coli Serotypes to Enterotoxin Production . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Importance 0/ K Antigens to Pathogenicity of Animal Enterotoxigenic E. coli.. . . . . . 346 Immunological Studies 0/ E. coli Enterotoxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 Epidemiologic Studies 0/ Enterotoxigenic E. coli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 Enterotoxin Assays in Parenteral Isolates of E. coli ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 Pathogenesis and Clinical Spectrum of Disease Produced by Enterotoxigenic E. coli. 350 Laboratory Diagnostic Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Possibilities for Immunological Control of Disease Due to Enterotoxigenic E. coli .. . 350 Areas for Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Continual Reassessment Method: A Practical Design for Phase 1 Clinical Trials in Cancer (1990)

This paper looks at a new approach to the design and analysis of Phase 1 clinical trials in cancer. The basic idea and motivation behind the approach stem from an attempt to reconcile the needs of dose-finding experimentation with the ethical demands of established medical practice. It is argued that for these trials the particular shape of the dose toxicity curve is of little interest. Attention focuses rather on identifying a dose with a given targeted toxicity level and on concentrating experimentation at that which all current available evidence indicates to be the best estimate of this level. Such an approach not only makes an explicit attempt to meet ethical requirements but also enables the use of models whose only requirements are that locally (i.e., around the dose corresponding to the targeted toxicity level) they reasonably well approximate the true probability of toxic response. Although a large number of models could be contemplated, we look at a particularly simple one. Extensive simulations show the model to have real promise.
Cellular distribution of superoxide dismutases in the rat CNS (2000)

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is considered to be a major factor in protection of nervous tissue against excitotoxic and ischemic/hypoxic lesion. Controversial reports about the localization of SOD after such an insult prompted us to re-investigate immunocytochemically the localization of the enzyme in the brain and spinal cord using specific antibodies against the manganese (Mn-SOD) and copper/zinc (Cu/Zn-SOD) containing isoenzyme in combination with cell type specific markers. CNS tissue sections were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and digital photo imaging. Cu/Zn-SOD immunoreactivity was found to be located predominantly in astrocytes throughout the CNS. The staining was found in the cytoplasm, in cellular processes and, less intensive, in the nucleus sparing the nucleolus. At a lower level the enzyme was also detectable in neuronal perikarya and in structures of the neuropil. Motoneurons of the spinal cord displayed an enhanced Cu/Zn-SOD staining intensity, when compared to brain neurons. In contrast the Mn-containing isoenzyme was predominantly localized to neurons and their processes throughout the brain and the spinal cord. Confirming the mitochondrial localization of the enzyme, a granular staining pattern sparing the nucleus was observed. Mn-SOD stained mitochondria were also seen in astroglial cells but the staining intensity was, on the whole, much lower compared to neurons, and often hardly detectable. It seems reasonable to conclude that differences in the basal content of SOD-isoenzymes may contribute to different cellular susceptibilities in neurodegenerative processes that are accompanied by oxidative stress.