gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Removal and Recovery of Organic Sulfur Compounds in Hydrocarbon Oils by Liquid-Liquid Extraction (IV) (1975)

In order to develop a new method for removing the sulfur compounds in hydrocarbon oils, the extraction behavior of tetrahydrothiophene (THS) with an aqueous copper (II) bromide solution was investigated with special reference made to the mechanism of extraction and the factors which influence the extraction ability of copper complexes.Bromo-copper (II) complexes exhibited excellent extraction efficiency for THS that was more than 50 times as great as that of cupric ion itself. CuBr+, among the bromo complexes, was mainly concerned with the extraction of THS and it formed a white solid complex having a composition of [Cu(I)Br THS]. This solid complex was redissolved in the presence of excess amounts of Br- ion and/or CuBr2; and, thus, THS was extracted into the aqueous phase as water soluble complexes; i. e., copper (I) complex ions, [Cu(II)BrnTHS](n-1)- (n=2, 3) and/or mixed valance polynuclear complex ions, [Cu(II)-Brn-1-Cu(I)THS](2-n)+ (n=1, 2), respectively. The role of Br- ion as an auxiliary ligand was also discussed.
Yeast KEX2 Endopeptidase Correctly Cleaves a Neuroendocrine Prohormone in Mammalian Cells (1988)

Mammalian cell lines (BSC-40, NG108-15, and GH4C1) that cannot process the murine neuroendocrine peptide precursor prepro-opiomelanocortin (mPOMC) when its synthesis is directed by a vaccinia virus vector were coinfected with a second recombinant vaccinia virus carrying the yeast KEX2 gene, which encodes an endopeptidase that cleaves at pairs of basic amino acid residues. mPOMC was cleaved intracellularly to a set of product peptides normally found in vivo, including mature gamma-lipotropin and beta-endorphin1-31. In GH4C1 cells (a rat pituitary line), product peptides were incorporated into stored secretory granules. These results suggest that the inability of any particular cell line to process a prohormone precursor is due to the absence of a suitable endogenous processing enzyme.
Immigrant Absorption and Religion (1971)

Dr. Mol, Professor, Sociology of Religion, McMaster University, Canada, and Secretary of Sociology of Religion Committee of the International Sociological Association, is pursuing, among other things, the relationship of religious membership to the assimilation of immigrants. As he states in the article, he his aware that “for larger, more elaborate theories of immigrant adjustment and for comprehensive empirical studies additional, more refined concepts have to be introduced.” However the editors feel that as an introduction to this important aspect of the assimilation of migrants, the present article is a stimulating pioneering effort.
Neurospora in Temperate Forests of Western North America (2004)

The fungal genus Neurospora has a distinguished history as a laboratory model in genetics and biochemistry. The most recent milestone in this history has been the sequencing of the genome of the best known species, N. crassa. The hope and promise of a complete genome sequence is a full understanding of the biology of the organism. Full understanding cannot be achieved, however, in the absence of fundamental knowledge of natural history. We report that species of Neurospora, heretofore thought to occur mainly in moist tropical and subtropical regions, are common primary colonizers of trees and shrubs killed by forest fires in western North America, in regions that are often cold and dry. Surveys in 36 forest-fire sites from New Mexico to Alaska yielded more than 500 cultures, 95% of which were the rarely collected N. discreta. Initial characterization of genotypes both within a site and on a single tree showed diversity consistent with sexual reproduction of N. discreta. These discoveries fill important gaps in knowledge of the distribution of members of the genus on both large and small spatial scales and provide the framework for future studies in new regions and microhabitats. The overall result is that population biology and genetics now can be combined, placing the genus Neurospora in a unique position to expand its role in experimental biology as a useful model organism for ecology, population genetics and evolution.
Experimental Approaches on Measuring the Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Laws of Arterial Walls (1993)

Studies on the elastic properties of arterial walls which have been done for the past two decades are surveyed briefly. After several in vitro and in vivo experimental methods and clinical techniques for the measurements of the mechanical behavior of arterial walls have been reviewed, data obtained of the basic characteristics of the arterial wall, including wall incompressibility and anisotropy, are discussed. The author then reviews constitutive laws proposed for the description of stress-strain relationships of arterial walls and methods for the parametric expression of pressure-diameter data, and shows data on the effects of aging and vascular diseases on arterial mechanics. Finally, residual stress in the arterial wall is discussed.
Reactions of Nitrogen(II) Oxide with Miscellaneous Lewis Bases (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Nitrogen(II) Oxide with Miscellaneous Lewis BasesRaymond Longhi, R. O. Ragsdale, and Russell S. DragoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1962, 1, 4, 768–770Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50004a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50004a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views234Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Template-Based Growth of Various Oxide Nanorods by Sol–Gel Electrophoresis (2002)

The ability to form oxide nanorods is of great interest in a number of areas. In this paper, we report the template-based growth of nanorods of several oxide ceramics, formed by means of a combination of sol–gel processing and electrophoretic deposition. Both single metal oxides (TiO2, SiO2) and complex oxides (BaTiO3, Sr2Nb2O7, and Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3) have been grown by this method. Uniformly sized nanorods of about 125–200 nm in diameter and 10 μm in length were grown over large areas with near unidirectional alignment. Desired stoichiometric chemical composition and crystal structure of the oxide nanorods was readily achieved by an appropriate procedure of sol preparation, with a heat treatment (700 °C for 15 min) for crystallization and densification.
CBP/p300 in cell growth, transformation, and development (2000)

CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300 were both identified initially in protein interaction assays-the former through its association with the transcription factor CREB The recognition that these two proteins, one involved in transcription and the other in cell transformation, had highly conserved sequences suggested that they had the potential to participate in a variety of cellular functions (Fig. Several excellent reviews
Association of (pro)renin receptor gene polymorphism with blood pressure in Caucasian men (2011)

The renin-angiotensin system is a major regulatory system of cardiovascular and renal function. Recently, (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] was identified as new component of the renin-angiotensin system. The IVS5+169C>T polymorphism of the (P)RR gene was shown to be associated with blood pressure (BP) in Japanese men, but no data are available for Caucasians. Hence, we genotyped the IVS5+169C>T polymorphism of the (P)RR gene in 266 Caucasian men with normal or mildly elevated BP and without any medication. Office BP was measured according to current guidelines. Office and resting systolic BP was lower in C-allele than in T-allele carriers (P<0.05) of the (P)RR gene, with no difference in diastolic BP and heart rate. Serum aldosterone was also lower in C-allele than in T-allele carriers (P<0.05). These findings indicate that C-allele carriers have lower systolic BP than T-allele carriers. Thus, our data suggest that (P)RR influences BP regulation in Caucasian men, potentially through altered aldosterone release.
Performance limitations of GaAs/AlGaAs infrared superlattices (1989)

The performance of the GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice as an infrared detecting material is modeled as a function of temperature for two cutoff wavelengths, namely, 8.3 and 10.0 μm. The results are compared with HgCdTe, the present industry standard material for infrared systems. The limiting performance of the GaAs/AlGaAs materials system is found to be orders of magnitude below that of HgCdTe for any specific cutoff wavelength and operating temperature.
Serum Resistin (FIZZ3) Protein Is Increased in Obese Humans (2003)

The role of resistin in obesity and insulin resistance in humans is controversial. Therefore, resistin protein was quantitated by ELISA in serum of 27 lean [13 women/14 men, body mass index (BMI) 21.7 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2), age 33 +/- 2 yr] and 50 obese (37 women/13 men, BMI 49.8 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2), age 47 +/- 1 yr) subjects. There was more serum resistin protein in the obese (mean +/- SEM: 5.3 +/- 0.4 ng/ml; range 1.8-17.9) than lean subjects (3.6 +/- 0.4 ng/ml; range 1.5-9.9; P = 0.001). The elevation of serum resistin in obese humans was confirmed by Western blot as was expression of resistin protein in human adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes. There was a significant positive correlation between resistin and BMI (r = 0.37; P = 0.002). Multiple regression analysis with predictors BMI and resistin explained 25% of the variance in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score. BMI was a significant predictor of insulin resistance (P = 0.0002), but resistin adjusted for BMI was not (P = 0.11). The data demonstrate that resistin protein is present in human adipose tissue and blood, and that there is significantly more resistin in the serum of obese subjects. Serum resistin is not a significant predictor of insulin resistance in humans.
Protective Role for Interferon-β in Coxsackievirus B3 Infection (2004)

Viewed together, these results clearly demonstrate that IFN-beta is important in mediating protection against CVB3-induced myocarditis.
How we do it: Chemo‐electroporation in the head and neck for otherwise untreatable patients (2006)

Keypoints * Chemo-electroporation therapy with bleomycin is a locoregional treatment modality for head and neck and skin cancer, with the potential to preserve function. * In our institution, chemo-electroporation therapy is used for patients that can no longer be treated by surgery or radiotherapy, or for whom surgical treatment would be very extensive and thus declined by the patient. * This paper describes in detail the technique of bleomycin-electroporation therapy. The literature is reviewed and preliminary results of the clinical trial are presented. * The main focus of the trial is to determine the safety, effectiveness, and burden of bleomycin-electroporation therapy for the patient. * All 17 tumours responded to therapy. Local tumour control was reached in 14 of the 17 (82.4 %) tumours. * Based on the outcome of the clinical trial, bleomycin-electroporation therapy has the potential to become a valuable addition to the late-stage treatment options for patients with head and neck or skin tumours.
Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding human brain ankyrins reveal a family of alternatively spliced genes. (1991)

Ankyrins are a family of membrane-associated proteins that can be divided into two immunologically distinct groups: (a) erythrocyte-related isoforms (ankyrinR) that have polarized distributions in particular cell types; and (b) brain-related isoforms (ankyrinB) that display a broader distribution. In this paper, we report the isolation and sequences of cDNAs related to two ankyrinB isoforms, human brain ankyrin 1 and 2, and show that these isoforms are produced from alternatively spliced mRNAs of a single gene. Human brain ankyrin 1 and 2 share a common NH2-terminus that is similar to human erythrocyte ankyrins, with the most striking conservation occurring between areas composed of a repeated 33-amino acid motif and between areas corresponding to the central portion of the spectrin-binding domain. In contrast, COOH-terminal sequences of brain ankyrin 1 and 2 are distinct from one another and from human erythrocyte ankyrins, and thus are candidates to mediate protein interactions that distinguish these isoforms. The brain ankyrin 2 cDNA sequence includes a stop codon and encodes a polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 202 kD, which is similar to the Mr of the major form of ankyrin in adult bovine brain membranes. Moreover, an antibody raised against the conserved NH2-terminal domain of brain ankyrin cross-reacts with a single Mr = 220 kD polypeptide in adult human brain. These results strongly suggest that the amino acid sequence of brain ankyrin 2 determined in this report represents the complete coding sequence of the major form of ankyrin in adult human brain. In contrast, the brain ankyrin 1 cDNAs encode only part of a larger isoform. An immunoreactive polypeptide of Mr = 440 kD, which is evident in brain tissue of young rats, is a candidate to be encoded by brain ankyrin 1 mRNA. The COOH-terminal portion of brain ankyrin 1 includes 15 contiguous copies of a novel 12-amino acid repeat. Analysis of DNA from a panel of human/rodent cell hybrids linked this human brain ankyrin gene to chromosome 4. This result, coupled with previous reports assigning the human erythrocyte ankyrin gene to chromosome 8, demonstrates that human brain and erythrocyte ankyrins are encoded by distinct members of a multigene family.
SPARC-null mice exhibit increased adiposity without significant differences in overall body weight (2003)

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine/osteonectin/BM-40 (SPARC) is a matrix-associated protein that elicits changes in cell shape, inhibits cell-cycle progression, and influences the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM). The absence of SPARC in mice gives rise to aberrations in the structure and composition of the ECM that result in generation of cataracts, development of severe osteopenia, and accelerated closure of dermal wounds. In this report we show that SPARC-null mice have greater deposits of s.c. fat and larger epididymal fat pads in comparison with wild-type mice. Similar to earlier studies of SPARC-null dermis, we observed a reduction in collagen I in SPARC-null fat pads in comparison with wild-type. Although elevated levels of serum leptin were observed in SPARC-null mice, their overall body weights were not significantly different from those of wild-type counterparts. The diameters of adipocytes from SPARC-null versus wild-type epididymal fat pads were 252 +/- 61 and 161 +/- 33 microm (means +/- SD), respectively, and there was an increase in adipocyte number within SPARC-null fat pads in comparison with wild-type pads. Thus the absence of SPARC appears to result in an increase in the size of individual adipocytes as well as an increase in the number of adipocytes per fat pad. In fat pads isolated from wild-type mice, SPARC mRNA was associated with both the stromal/vascular and adipocyte fractions. We propose that SPARC limits the accumulation of adipose tissue in mice in part through its demonstrated effects on the regulation of cell shape and production of ECM.
An adaptive multi rate wideband speech codec with adaptive gain re-quantization (2002)

This paper describes an adaptive multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB) speech codec proposed for the GSM system and also for the evolving third generation (3G) mobile speech services. The coder is a multi rate SB-CELP (subband-code excited linear prediction) with five modes operating at bit rates from 24 kbit/s down to 9.1 kbit/s. Our basic approach consists of an unequal band-splitting of the input signal into two subbands (SB). A variable rate, multi-mode ACELP coder is applied to the lower subband (0-6 kHz). The various bit rates are integrated in a common structure where the scalability is realized by exchanging the fixed excitation codebooks while leaving all other codec parameters invariant. For the GSM related modes (9.1-17.8 kbit/s), the upper subband (6-7 kHz) is coded using a very low bit rate representation based on bandwidth expansion techniques. In case of the 3G application (24 kbit/s) the upper band is coded using a 4 kbit/s ADPCM coding scheme. In addition the analysis by synthesis (AbS) coder of the lower band employs a novel closed loop gain re-quantization technique controlled by the character of the speech signal. Thereby the codec achieves an enhanced performance for background noise while maintaining its clean speech quality.
Investigating the Role of the Little Finger Domain of Y-family DNA Polymerases in Low Fidelity Synthesis and Translesion Replication (2004)

Dpo4 and Dbh are Y-family polymerases that originate from two closely related strains of Sulfolobaceae. Quite surprisingly, however, the two polymerases exhibit different enzymatic properties in vitro. For example, Dpo4 can replicate past a variety of DNA lesions, yet Dbh does so with a much lower efficiency. When replicating undamaged DNA, Dpo4 is prone to make base pair substitutions, whereas Dbh predominantly makes single-base deletions. Overall, the two proteins are 54% identical, but the greatest divergence is found in their respective little finger (LF) domains, which are only 41% identical. To investigate the role of the LF domain in the fidelity and lesion-bypassing abilities of Y-family polymerases, we have generated chimeras of Dpo4 and Dbh in which their LF domains have been interchanged. Interestingly, by replacing the LF domain of Dbh with that of Dpo4, the enzymatic properties of the chimeric enzyme are more Dpo4-like in that the enzyme is more processive, can bypass an abasic site and a thymine-thymine cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer, and predominantly makes base pair substitutions when replicating undamaged DNA. The converse is true for the Dpo4-LF-Dbh chimera, which is more Dbh-like in its processivity and ability to bypass DNA adducts and generate single-base deletion errors. Our studies indicate that the unique but variable LF domain of Y-family polymerases plays a major role in determining the enzymatic and biological properties of each individual Y-family member.
An RF Oscillator for Rocket-Borne and Balloon-Borne Quadrupole Mass Spectrometers. (1979)

This thesis deals with the development of a Radiofrequency (RF) Oscillator used in rocket-borne and balloon-borne quadrupole mass spectrometers. A new toroidal-shaped RF transformer has been developed along with new control circuitry for the modified Hartly oscillator that is used. Solutions to the problems of temperature stabilization and linearity are also discussed. Also included in this thesis is a review of quadrupole mass filter theory. (Author)
Genetic Immunotherapy of Established Tumors with Adenovirus-Murine Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (1997)

Increased local production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by genetically modified tumor cells can induce specific antitumor cellular immunity. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus expressing murine GM-CSF and tested it for therapeutic efficacy in a syngeneic murine lung cancer model system. In vitro transduction of Lewis lung carcinoma cells with adenovirus-mGM-CSF suppressed tumor formation in syngenic mice (C57BL/6), and transduced and irradiated Lewis lung carcinoma cells induced regression of pre-established wild-type tumors without in vitro selection for transductants. Low, but significant, levels of specific antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were observed in mice inoculated with GM-CSF but not with reporter virus-transduced tumor cells. GM-CSF-transduced cells induced the accumulation of dendritic cells at the site of tumor, consistent with a mechanism involving improved tumor antigen presentation. These data suggest that transduction of tumor cells with recombinant GM-CSF adenovirus may be an effective and practical cancer gene therapeutic strategy.
Synthesis of biopterin from neopterin? The formation of pyrrolo[1,2‐f]pteridins upon side‐chain activation of neopterin (1987)

Abstract The formation of derivatives of L‐neopterin ( 2 ) is investigated with respect to a possible transformation into L‐biopterin ( 1 ). High‐yield syntheses of isopropylidene and benzylidene derivatives 5 and 7 , respectively, are described. Activation of the primary C‐atom in the side chain of neopterin leads to formation of pyrrolo[1,2‐ f ]‐pteridins via oxonium‐ion intermediates.
Fluxonium: Single Cooper-Pair Circuit Free of Charge Offsets (2009)

The promise of single Cooper-pair quantum circuits based on tunnel junctions for metrology and quantum information applications is severely limited by the influence of offset charges: random, slowly drifting microscopic charges inherent in many solid-state systems. By shunting a small junction with the Josephson kinetic inductance of a series array of large-capacitance tunnel junctions, thereby ensuring that all superconducting islands are connected to the circuit by at least one large junction, we have realized a new superconducting artificial atom that is totally insensitive to offset charges. Yet its energy levels manifest the anharmonic structure associated with single Cooper-pair effects, a useful component for solid-state quantum computation.
Phenotypic characterization of insertion mutants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag precursor expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected cells (1994)

A panel of 28 insertion mutants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag precursor (Pr55Gag) was constructed by linker-insertion mutagenesis and expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells. One set of 14 mutants carried the normal N-myristylation signal; the other set constituted their non-N-myristylated counterparts. The mutants were characterized with respect to (i) assembly and extracellular release of membrane-enveloped budding Gag particles, (ii) intracellular assembly and nuclear transport of Gag cores, (iii) specific processing of Pr55Gag by HIV-1 protease in vivo, and (iv) binding of Pr55Gag to an HIV-1 genomic RNA probe in Northwestern blotting. Insertions within the region between amino acid residues 209 and 334 in the CA domain appeared to be the most detrimental to Gag particle assembly and release of Gag into the external medium, whereas a narrower window, between residues 209 and 241, was found to be critical for secretion of soluble Pr55Gag. Differences in Pr55Gag processing in vivo and RNA binding in vitro between N-myristylated and non-N-myristylated Gag mutants suggested a major conformational role for the myristylated N terminus of Gag precursor. In coinfection experiments using wild-type Gag- and mutant Gag-expressing recombinants, a transdominant negative effect on Gag particle assembly and release was observed for insertions located in two separate domains, the matrix and nucleocapsid.