gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Insights of an Old Defense System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance of the Complement System (2010)

The complement system was discovered a century ago as a potent defense cascade of innate immunity. After its first description, continuous experimental and clinical research was performed, and three canonical pathways of activation were established. Upon activation by traumatic or surgical tissue damage, complement reveals beneficial functions of pathogen and danger defense by sensing and clearing injured cells. However, the latest research efforts have provided a more distinct insight into the complement system and its clinical subsequences. Complement has been shown to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory processes such as sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction, ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular diseases and many others. The three well-known activation pathways of the complement system have been challenged by newer findings that demonstrate direct production of central complement effectors (for example, C5a) by serine proteases of the coagulation cascade. In particular, thrombin is capable of producing C5a, which not only plays a decisive role on pathogens and infected/damaged tissues, but also acts systemically. In the case of uncontrolled complement activation, "friendly fire" is generated, resulting in the destruction of healthy host tissue. Therefore, the traditional research that focuses on a mainly positive-acting cascade has now shifted to the negative effects and how tissue damage originated by the activation of the complement can be contained. In a translational approach including structure-function relations of this ancient defense system, this review provides new insights of complement-mediated clinical relevant diseases and the development of complement modulation strategies and current research aspects.
Chitosan Medical Dressings (2005)

Biopolymer chitosan manifests properties that open up a wide span of applications in many sectors, mainly medicine. Examples are presented of well-known uses of chitosan in medical dressings, including haemostatic preparations. On the basis of this background, a survey is made of the research and results achieved in the Institute of Chemical Fibres in the field of chitosan-based dressings.
Demonstration of peptide:N-glycosidase F activity in endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F preparations. (1984)

Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F preparations from Flavobacterium meningosepticum have been found to contain peptide:N-glycosidase activity. Only the second activity, designated as peptide:N-glycosidase F, readily cleaves the beta-aspartylglycosylamine linkage of a fetuin triantennary complex glycopeptide, as shown by the isolation of the corresponding carbohydrate-free peptide containing aspartic acid and of an intact oligosaccharide with a di-N-acetylchitobiosyl moiety at the reducing end. Both activities in the mixture will hydrolyze a high mannose octaglycopeptide from ovalbumin, with the type of product formed being influenced by pH. At pH 4.0, only the endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F activity is functional, releasing octapeptide-GlcNAc and oligosaccharide-GlcNAc. At pH 9.3, the predominant cleavage is by peptide:N-glycosidase F at the glycosylamine bond, releasing octapeptide and oligosaccharide-GlcNAc-GlcNAc. This latter oligosaccharide is then hydrolyzed by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F to oligosaccharide-GlcNAc plus GlcNAc.
Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Decoy Receptor FP3 Exerts Potent Antiangiogenic Effects (2012)

The binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its receptors stimulates tumor growth; therefore, modulation of VEGF would be a viable approach for antiangiogenic therapy. We constructed a series of soluble decoy receptors containing different VEGF receptor 1 (FLT1) and VEGF receptor 2 (KDR) extracellular domains fused with the Fc region of human immunoglobulin (Ig) and evaluated their antiangiogenic effects and antitumor effects. Results of in vitro binding and cell proliferation assays revealed that decoy receptor FP3 had the highest affinity to VEGF-A and -B. Compared with bevacizumab, FP3 more effectively inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and vessel sprouting from rat aortic rings. FP3 significantly reduced phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2, critical proteins in the VEGF-mediated survival pathway in endothelial cells. Moreover, FP3 inhibited tumor growth in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colorectal cancer (LoVo) tumor models, and reduced microvessel density in tumor tissues. The FP3-mediated inhibition of tumor growth was significantly higher than that of bevacizumab at the same dose. FP3 also demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects when combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Taken together, FP3 shows a high affinity for VEGF and produced antiangiogenic effects, suggesting its potential for treating angiogenesis-related diseases such as cancer.
ALLEVIATION OF GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE AFTER CONDITIONING WITH COBALT-PROTOPORPHYRIN, AN INDUCER OF HEME OXYGENASE-1 (2000)

The results from this study confirmed our previous observation that up-regulation of HO-1 activity is associated with down-regulation of several immune effector functions. This resulted in protection from acute GVHD in a parent into F1 mouse model.
Managing academics in Canada and the United Kingdom (1998)

This paper analyses aspects of the management of academics and managerialism in the United Kingdom and Canada in the 1990s.It is primarily based on interviews with senior academic managers in ten Canadian universities in 1996 and makes comparisons with United Kingdom and Canada in the early 1990s.Managerialism is located in the context of the United Kingdom and Canadian governmental pressures.The relationship between management and market discourse is explored, as is the variation of soft and hard managerialism, accountability and entrepreneurship.There is discussion of the effect of differences in institutional culture on management and of the impact of managerialism on the work of academics.
The Effects of Increasing Plasma Concentrations of Dexmedetomidine in Humans (2000)

Increasing concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans resulted in progressive increases in sedation and analgesia, decreases in heart rate, cardiac output, and memory. A biphasic (low, then high) dose-response relation for mean arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and vascular resistances, and an attenuation of the cold pressor response also were observed.
Giant Modification of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy in Transition-Metal Monolayers by an External Electric Field (2009)

Controlling and designing quantum magnetic properties by an external electric field is a key challenge in modern magnetic physics. Here, from first principles, the effects of an external electric field on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) in ferromagnetic transition-metal monolayers are demonstrated which show that the MCA in an Fe(001) monolayer [but not in Co(001) and Ni(001) monolayers] can be controlled by the electric field through a change in band structure, in which small components of the p orbitals near the Fermi level, which are coupled to the d states by the electric field, play a key role. This prediction obtained opens a way to control the MCA by the electric field and invites experiments.
Comparative studies on thein vitroproperties of phytases from various microbial origins (2000)

The physical and chemical properties of six crude phytase preparations were compared. Four of these enzymes (Aspergillus A, Aspergillus R, Peniophora and Aspergillus T) were produced at commercial scale for the use as feed additives while the other two (E. coli and Bacillus) were produced at laboratory scale. The encoding genes of the enzymes were from different microbial origins (4 of fungal origin and 2 of bacterial origin, i.e., E. coli and Bacillus phytases). One of the fungal phytases (Aspergillus R) was expressed in transgenic rape. The enzymes were studied for their pH behaviour, temperature optimum and stability and resistance to protease inactivation. The phytases were found to exhibit different properties depending on source of the phytase gene and the production organism. The pH profiles of the enzymes showed that the fungal phytases had their pH optima ranging from 4.5 to 5.5. The bacterial E. coli phytase had also its pH optimum in the acidic range at pH 4.5 while the pH optimum for the Bacillus enzyme was identified at pH 7.0. Temperature optima were at 50 and 60 degrees C for the fungal and bacterial phytases, respectively. The Bacillus phytase was more thermostable in aqueous solutions than all other enzymes. In pelleting experiments performed at 60, 70 and 80 degrees C in the conditioner, Aspergillus A, Peniophora (measurement at pH 5.5) and E. coli phytases were more heat stable compared to other enzymes (Bacillus enzyme was not included). At a temperature of 70 degrees C in the conditioner, these enzymes maintained a residual activity of approximately 70% after pelleting compared to approximately 30% determined for the other enzymes. Incubation of enzyme preparations with porcine proteases revealed that only E. coli phytase was insensitive against pepsin and pancreatin. Incubation of the enzymes in digesta supernatants from various segments of the digestive tract of hens revealed that digesta from stomach inactivated the enzymes most efficiently except E. coli phytase which had a residual activity of 93% after 60 min incubation at 40 degrees C. It can be concluded that phytases of various microbial origins behave differently with respect to their in vitro properties which could be of importance for future developments of phytase preparations. Especially bacterial phytases contain properties like high temperature stability (Bacillus phytase) and high proteolytic stability (E. coli phytase) which make them favourable for future applications as feed additives.
Manipulation of ascending aortic pressure and flow wave reflections with the Valsalva maneuver: relationship to input impedance. (1981)

Dramatic changes in the shape of pulsatile ascending aortic pressure and flow wave forms occur during the Valsalva maneuver in man. To study these changes, aortic pressure and flow signals were recorded in eight patients using a multisensor catheter. Aortic input impedance was derived during the control, strain and postrelease phases of the Valsalva maneuver. During control, well-defined minima and maxima occurred in the spectral plots of impedance moduli. This pattern was accentuated during the postrelease phase. In contrast, input impedance during strain was almost equal to the characteristic impedance for all harmonics. These results imply that during the control and postrelease phases, strong reflections return to the ascending aorta, but during the strain phase, reflections are minimal, absent or more diffuse. From wave transmission theory, it also follows that pulsatile pressure and flow wave forms should be similar in shape in the absence of reflections and dissimilar in the presence of reflections. This was observed in all eight patients. By provoking changes in the arterial tree during the Valsalva maneuver, the magnitude and timing of wave reflections were significantly altered, resulting in marked changes in the shape of pulsatile aortic pressure and flow wave forms. This study demonstrates the importance of reflections in determining the shape of the arterial pulse.
Evaluation of defined antigen vaccines against Schistosoma bovis and S. japonicum in bovines. (1994)

Our objective is to contribute to the development of defined antigen vaccines for schistosomiasis by evaluating the protective efficacy of Schistosoma bovis and S. japonicum antigens in their natural bovine hosts. Antigens under evaluation include some already identified as vaccine candidates: glutathione S-transferases (GSTs); KLH, which shares protective epitopes with the protective antigen GP38 of S. mansoni; and Sj23, the analogue of the vaccine candidate Sm23 antigen. In another approach, since crude freeze/thaw schistosomular antigen plus BCG(F/T vaccine) has proved protective against S. japonicum in bovines, as it was against S. mansoni in mice, we are carrying out further evaluations both of this crude antigen and of recombinant-derived paramyosins. In a third line of work, novel vaccine candidate antigens identified by screening our cDNA libraries with various passively protective animal sera are being evaluated in animal experiments. In the Sudan we have shown that vaccination of calves with either native S. bovis GSTs or KLH induces high levels of fecundity-suppression without causing a significant reduction in adult worm recoveries. Therefore, recombinant-derived S. bovis 28kD GST is now being evaluated, as are the effects of combined GST/KLH vaccination. In China, sheep have been vaccinated with either S. japonicum GSTs, with KLH, or with the F/T vaccine, as a prelude to trials in bovines. As judged by adult worm recoveries, each type of vaccine induced significant protection, and there was also evidence, particularly with the GST and F/T vaccines, of fecundity-suppressive effects. As with the S. bovis/cattle system therefore, both GST and KLH showed protective effects against S. japonicum in sheep.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Molecular understanding of heat‐induced phenomena of soybean protein (1991)

(1991). Molecular understanding of heat‐induced phenomena of soybean protein. Food Reviews International: Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 283-322.
Analysis and evaluation of address arithmetic capabilities in custom DSP architectures (1997)

Many application-specific architectures provideindirect addressing modes with auto-increment/decrementarithmetic.Since these architectures generally do not featurean indexed addressing mode, stack-allocated variablesmust be accessed by allocating address registers and performingaddress arithmetic.Subsuming address arithmeticinto auto-increment/decrement arithmetic improves boththe performance and size of the generated code.Our objective in this paper is to provide a method forcomprehensively analyzing the performance benefits andhardware cost due to an auto-increment/decrement featurethat varies from -l to +l, and allowing access to k addressregisters in an address generator.We provide this methodvia a parameterizable optimization algorithm that operateson a procedure-wise basis.Hence, the optimizationtechniques in a compiler can be used not only to generateefficient or compact code, but also to help the designerof a custom DSP architecture make decisions on addressarithmetic featuers.We present two sets of experimental results based onselected benchmark programs: (1) the values of l and kbeyond which there is little or no improvement in performance,and (2) the values of l and k which result in minimumcode area.
Polymorphisms inside MicroRNAs and MicroRNA Target Sites Predict Clinical Outcomes in Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy (2010)

SNPs inside miRNAs and miRNA target sites have a potential value to improve outcome prediction in prostate cancer patients receiving ADT.
Adhesion molecule expression in human synovial tissue (1993)

The expression of integrins VLA 1-6, and selectins P and L is not up-regulated in RA synovial tissues. CD31 and CD44 are up-regulated on RA macrophages and lining cells, CD44 on RA fibroblasts, and beta 3-integrin on RA blood vessels. The up-regulation of CD31, CD44, and beta 3-integrin in RA synovial tissues may help tip the balance of adhesive interactions toward passage and retention of leukocytes in the inflamed joint.
Complement Alternative Pathway Activation in Human Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (2014)

The innate immune system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recently we reported complement activation in human NASH. However, it remained unclear whether the alternative pathway of complement, which amplifies C3 activation and which is frequently associated with pathological complement activation leading to disease, was involved. Here, alternative pathway components were investigated in liver biopsies of obese subjects with healthy livers (n = 10) or with NASH (n = 12) using quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Properdin accumulated in areas where neutrophils surrounded steatotic hepatocytes, and colocalized with the C3 activation product C3c. C3 activation status as expressed by the C3c/native C3 ratio was 2.6-fold higher (p<0.01) in subjects with NASH despite reduced native C3 concentrations (0.94±0.12 vs. 0.57±0.09; p<0.01). Hepatic properdin levels positively correlated with levels of C3c (rs = 0.69; p<0.05) and C3c/C3 activation ratio (rs = 0.59; p<0.05). C3c, C3 activation status (C3c/C3 ratio) and properdin levels increased with higher lobular inflammation scores as determined according to the Kleiner classification (C3c: p<0.01, C3c/C3 ratio: p<0.05, properdin: p<0.05). Hepatic mRNA expression of factor B and factor D did not differ between subjects with healthy livers and subjects with NASH (factor B: 1.00±0.19 vs. 0.71±0.07, p = 0.26; factor D: 1.00±0.21 vs. 0.66±0.14, p = 0.29;). Hepatic mRNA and protein levels of Decay Accelerating Factor tended to be increased in subjects with NASH (mRNA: 1.00±0.14 vs. 2.37±0.72; p = 0.22; protein: 0.51±0.11 vs. 1.97±0.67; p = 0.28). In contrast, factor H mRNA was downregulated in patients with NASH (1.00±0.09 vs. 0.71±0.06; p<0.05) and a similar trend was observed with hepatic protein levels (1.12±0.16 vs. 0.78±0.07; p = 0.08). Collectively, these data suggest a role for alternative pathway activation in driving hepatic inflammation in NASH. Therefore, alternative pathway factors may be considered attractive targets for treating NASH by inhibiting complement activation.
Solution-processed photodetectors from colloidal silicon nano/micro particle composite (2010)

We demonstrate solution-processed photodetectors composed of heavy-metal-free Si nano/micro particle composite. The colloidal Si particles are synthesized by electrochemical etching of Si wafers, followed by ultra-sonication to pulverize the porous surface. With alkyl ligand surface passivation through hydrosilylation reaction, the particles can form a stable colloidal suspension which exhibits bright photoluminescence under ultraviolet excitation and a broadband extinction spectrum due to enhanced scattering from the micro-size particles. The efficiency of the thin film photodetectors has been substantially improved by preventing oxidation of the particles during the etching process.
Interactions between Pulsars, Pulsar Nebulae and Supernova Remnants (2002)

The Crab Nebula is likely to be expanding into freely expanding supernova ejecta, although the energy in the ejecta may be less than is typical for a Type II supernova. Pulsar nebulae much younger than the Crab have not been found and could have different properties. The search for such nebulae through ultraviolet/optical line emission in core collapse supernovae, or through their X-ray emission (which could show strong absorption) is warranted. Neutron stars have now been found in many young supernova remnants. There is not a clear link between neutron star and remnant type, although there is an indication that normal pulsars avoid the O-rich remnants. In the later phases of a supernova remnant, the pulsar wind nebula is crushed by the reverse shock front. Recent simulations show that this process is unstable, which can lead to mixing of the thermal and relativistic gases, and that the pulsar nebula is easily displaced from the pulsar, which can explain the position of the Vela pulsar relative to the Vela X radio nebula. 1.
Non Line Of Sight effects in UWB indoor direct one-step selflocalization using distributed antenna system: Measurement based study (2015)

Non Line Of Sight effects in UWB indoor direct one-step self-localization using distributed antenna system are analyzed in this paper. The analysis is based on real measurements realized at the Ilmenau Technical University by the use of UWB MIMO channel sounder.
Synthesis of an air-stable, moisture-stable, and thermally stable tungsten(VI) oxo alkylidene complex. Precursor to an air- and moisture-stable ROMP catalyst (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of an air-stable, moisture-stable, and thermally stable tungsten(VI) oxo alkylidene complex. Precursor to an air- and moisture-stable ROMP catalystLaura L. Blosch, Khalil Abboud, and James M. BoncellaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 18, 7066–7068Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00018a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00018a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views543Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Design of Peptoid Analogue Dimers and Measure of Their Affinity for Grb2 SH3 Domains (2004)

This paper describes the design of the highest affinity ligands for Grb2 SH3 domains reported so far. These compounds were designed by combining N-alkyl amino acid incorporation in a proline-rich sequence with subsequent dimerization of the peptoid sequence based on structural data and molecular modeling. Optimization of the linker size is discussed, and the N-alkyl amino acid incorporation into both monomeric halves is reported. Because the affinity for Grb2 of the optimized compounds was too high to be measured using the fluorescent modifications that they induce on the Grb2 emission spectrum, a competition assay was developed. In this test, Grb2 is pulled down from a cellular extract by the initial VPPPVPPRRR peptide bound to Sepharose beads. In the presence of competitors, the test quantifies the amount of Grb2 displaced from the beads. It has enabled us to determine a K(i) value in the 10(-10) M range for the highest affinity Grb2 peptoid analogue dimer.