gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coagulation Abnormalities in Malignancy: A Review (1992)

As outlined in this review, patients with cancer may harbor many alterations of hemostasis. These are multifaceted and must be taken into account when trying to control hemorrhage or thrombosis in cancer patients. Often, hemorrhage or thrombosis is the final fatal event in many patients with metastatic solid tumor or hematologic malignancies. Patients with malignancy present a major clinical challenge in this new era of oncologic awareness and more aggressive care, which has led to prolonged survival for patients and a longer time frame during which these complications may develop. Therefore, these complications are occurring more commonly. It is important to realize that these alterations of hemostasis exist and must be approached in a sequential and logical manner with respect to diagnosis; only in this way can responsible, efficacious, and rational therapy be delivered to patients. By far the most common alteration of hemostasis in malignancy is that of hemorrhage associated with thrombocytopenia, either drug-induced, radiation-induced, or from bone marrow invasion. However, hemorrhage resulting from DIC is also quite common and may present as hemorrhage, thrombosis, thromboembolus, or any combination thereof. Many antineoplastic drugs and radiation therapy may lead to or significantly enhance hemorrhage in patients with malignancy. Thrombosis, also commonly seen in patients with malignancy, is often a manifestation of low-grade DIC, conspicuous as an intravascular thrombotic or thromboembolic event instead of an intravascular proteolytic (hemorrhagic) event. When suspecting this, confirmatory laboratory evidence must be sought and the patient treated appropriately. When approaching the patient with malignancy and either hemorrhage or thrombosis, all the potential defects in hemostasis must be taken into account, defined from the laboratory standpoint, and treated in as precise and logical manner as possible.
A novel system consisting of Rhâ€“DuPHOS and ionic liquid for asymmetric hydrogenations (2001)

The ionic liquid [bmim][PF6] was found to provide extra stability to the air-sensitive chiral catalyst Rh-MeDuPHOS in asymmetric hydrogenation of enamides.
Algorithms for deferred view maintenance (1996)

Materialized views and view maintenance are important for data warehouses, retailing, banking, and billing applications. We consider two related view maintenance problems: 1) how to maintain views after the base tables have already been modified, and 2) how to minimize the time for which the view is inaccessible during maintenance.Typically, a view is maintained immediately, as a part of the transaction that updates the base tables. Immediate maintenance imposes a significant overhead on update transactions that cannot be tolerated in many applications. In contrast, deferred maintenance allows a view to become inconsistent with its definition. A refresh operation is used to reestablish consistency. We present new algorithms to incrementally refresh a view during deferred maintenance. Our algorithms avoid a state bug that has artificially limited techniques previously used for deferred maintenance.Incremental deferred view maintenance requires auxiliary tables that contain information recorded since the last view refresh. We present three scenarios for the use of auxiliary tables and show how these impact per-transaction overhead and view refresh time. Each scenario is described by an invariant that is required to hold in all database states. We then show that, with the proper choice of auxiliary tables, it is possible to lower both per-transaction overhead and view refresh time.
Potential Adverse Effects Associated with Inhibition of p38&#945;/&#946; MAP Kinases (2005)

Inhibitors of p38 MAP kinases show promise for the treatment of inflammatory and immunological disorders and some cancers. There is a substantial body of experimental evidence across several organ systems suggesting that p38 also mediates developmental, differentiation and proliferation processes. As a consequence of the wide-ranging regulatory role of p38 kinase in diverse cellular processes, the possibility of adverse events resulting from undesired pharmacological activity is a major concern for the p38 inhibitor drug class. Taking into consideration the limitations of experimental modeling systems, together the data may indicate that profound inhibition of p38 has the potential to impact these processes during fetal or neonatal development. The difficulty comes in extrapolating these findings to predict potential adverse effects under conditions of partial inhibition of p38 activity, and in an adult population in which these processes are typically only recapitulated during repair or adaptive responses. As such, the goal of this review of the targets of p38 activity is to bring an awareness of the those organ systems that should be monitored for potential toxicity, as well as to present a potential mechanistic basis for such monitoring or for investigation of adverse effects that may develop with administration of a p38 inhibitor.
Detection of Somatic Copy Number Alterations in Cancer Using Targeted Exome Capture Sequencing (2011)

The research community at large is expending considerable resources to sequence the coding region of the genomes of tumors and other human diseases using targeted exome capture (i.e., "whole exome sequencing"). The primary goal of targeted exome sequencing is to identify nonsynonymous mutations that potentially have functional consequences. Here, we demonstrate that whole-exome sequencing data can also be analyzed for comprehensively monitoring somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) by benchmarking the technique against conventional array CGH. A series of 17 matched tumor and normal tissues from patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer was used for this assessment. We show that targeted exome sequencing reliably identifies CNAs that are common in advanced prostate cancer, such as androgen receptor (AR) gain and PTEN loss. Taken together, these data suggest that targeted exome sequencing data can be effectively leveraged for the detection of somatic CNAs in cancer.
Functional nanofibers for environmental applications (2008)

Nanofibers, mainly fabricated by electrospinning, have exhibited great potential for many emerging environmental applications. They can be considered as one of the safest nanomaterials due to their extremely long length (can be up to hundreds of kilometers) and their ability to be embedded within other media. Their high surface-to-volume ratio, large porosity (up to over 80%) and adjustable functionality are also much more effective than conventional non-woven and polymeric membranes in particulate separation and liquid filtration. Technology advances such as multiple-jet electrospinning and electroblowing for mass production of nanofibers have made it practical to use nanofibrous scaffolds as a unique and breakthrough component in separation media for both gas and liquid filtration. In this review, the opportunities and challenges of using functional nanofibers for several representative environmental applications are reviewed.
Multisurface method of pattern separation for medical diagnosis applied to breast cytology. (1990)

Multisurface pattern separation is a mathematical method for distinguishing between elements of two pattern sets. Each element of the pattern sets is comprised of various scalar observations. In this paper, we use the diagnosis of breast cytology to demonstrate the applicability of this method to medical diagnosis and decision making. Each of 11 cytological characteristics of breast fine-needle aspirates reported to differ between benign and malignant samples was graded 1 to 10 at the time of sample collection. Nine characteristics were found to differ significantly between benign and malignant samples. Mathematically, these values for each sample were represented by a point in a nine-dimensional space of real variables. Benign points were separated from malignant ones by planes determined by linear programming. Correct separation was accomplished in 369 of 370 samples (201 benign and 169 malignant). In the one misclassified malignant case, the fine-needle aspirate cytology was so definitely benign and the cytology of the excised cancer so definitely malignant that we believe the tumor was missed on aspiration. Our mathematical method is applicable to other medical diagnostic and decision-making problems.
연구논문 : 공적분 - 오차수정모형을 사용한 한국 화폐수요함수의 추정 (1998)

본 논문에서는 共積分-誤差修正模型(cointegration-error correction model)을 사용하여 한국 화폐수요함수의 추정을 시도하였다. 통화지표로는 통화(MI), 총통화(M2) 및 총유동성(M3)을 사용하였고, 실질임금을 포함하지 않는 단순 화폐수요함수와 이를 포함한 확장 화폐수요함수가 추정되었다. 우선 非定常 시계열과정중 장기적 균형관계의 수를 나타내는 共積分階數가 설정된 후, 공적분벡터의 추정을 통해 화폐수요함수 내의 장기균형관계의 특성을 파악하였다. 화폐수요모형에서 통화-소득의 長期比例性 가설과 통화-임금의 장기비례성 가설이 공적분벡터에 대한 線型制約의 형태로서 검정되었다. 오차수정모형의 長期調??係數벡터에 대한 선형 제약의 검정을 통하여 화폐수요함수 내의 장기적 균형관계에 대한 정보를 포함하지 않는 外生變數의 식별이 시도되었다. 실증 분석을 수행한 결과, 실질임금 변수를 포함하도록 확장된 M1, M2 및 M3화폐수요 모형에서는 각각 1개, 3개, 3개의 장기균형관계가 발견되었고 단순 M2모형을 제외한 모든 모형에서 화폐수요의 소득탄력성이 1이라는 가설이 기각되었다. 화폐수요의 소득탄력성이 대부분의 모형에서 1보다 크게 추정되었으므로 이는 화폐유통속도가 장기적으로 하락해 왔다는 사실을 암시한다. 따라서 통화정책의 중간목표로 사용되는 통화지표의 목표성장률을 설정 할 때 실질소득성장률이나 예상인플레이션율 뿐만 아니라 추세적인 유통속도의 하락분도 고려해야 한다는 정책적 함의를 갖고 있다. 또한 지금까지 구내의 화폐수요연구에서 간과되어 온 실질임금변수는 화폐수요를 설명하는 데 통계적으로 유의하며 장기균형관계에서도 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이 발견되었다. 인플레이션율은 단순 M2모형에서는 공적분관계에 중요한 역할을 하지만 기타 모형에서는 장기균형관계에 포함되지 ?榜?약외생 변수로 밝혀졌다.
Suppressors of RNAi from plant viruses are subject to episodic positive selection (2013)

Viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) are proteins that actively inhibit the antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) immune response, providing an immune evasion route for viruses. It has been hypothesized that VSRs are engaged in a molecular 'arms race' with RNAi pathway genes. Two lines of evidence support this. First, VSRs from plant viruses display high sequence diversity, and are frequently gained and lost over evolutionary time scales. Second, Drosophila antiviral RNAi genes show high rates of adaptive evolution. Here, we investigate whether VSRs diversify faster than other genes and, if so, whether this is a result of positive selection, as might be expected in an arms race. By analysis of 12 plant RNA viruses, we show that the relative rate of protein evolution is higher for VSRs than for other genes, but that this is not attributable to pervasive positive selection. We argue that, because evolutionary time scales are extremely different for viruses and eukaryotes, it is improbable that viral adaptation (as measured by the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous change) will be dominated by one-to-one coevolution with eukaryotes. Instead, for plant virus VSRs, we find strong evidence of episodic selection--diversifying selection that acts on a subset of lineages--which might be attributable to frequent shifts between different host genotypes or species.
Placental pathology in a pregnant woman with severe COVID-19 and successful ECMO treatment: a case report (2021)

This case presents the successful use of ECMO in a pregnant woman with acute respiratory distress syndrome in the course of severe COVID-19. Further research is required to explain the aetiology of placental disorders (e.g., maternal vascular malperfusion lesions or thrombotic influence of COVID-19). ECMO treatment in pregnant women remains challenging; thus, it should be used with caution. Long-term assessment may help to evaluate the safety of the ECMO procedure in pregnant women.
Stabilization of cationic liposome‐plasmid DNA complexes by polyamines and poly(ethylene glycol)‐phospholipid conjugates for efficient in vivo gene delivery (1997)

Stable complexes of cationic liposomes with plasmid DNA were prepared by (1) including a small amount of poly(ethylene glycol)-phospholipid conjugate or (2) condensing the DNA with polyamines prior to the formation of liposome-plasmid complexes. These preparations were stable for months at 4 degrees C and gave reproducible high transfection activity for in vivo gene delivery after intravenous injection in mice. Under these conditions, the expression of marker gene (luciferase) was primarily in the lungs (reaching values up to 3 ng expression per mg tissue protein), but also in other tissues to a lesser extent. Non-stabilized formulations lost all their transfection activity in 4 days. In these formulations cholesterol, not dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine, was the helper lipid effective for sustaining high transfection activity in vivo. These new developments in formulation technology should enhance the potential for liposome-mediated gene therapy.
The Computer-Based Patient Record and Confidentiality (1995)

In various ways computers can help people become more active participants in their own health care and that of family members, as emphasized earlier by Kassirer.1 Computers can help people acquire medical information, interact with care givers, connect with support groups when illness strikes, and in some cases, carry out a treatment plan. Electronic linkage of patients and their families to support groups and medical libraries is well under way and is likely to increase in popularity as computers become standard equipment in the American home. Information bestows power, and making medical information more easily accessible is a way of . . .
Static Placement, Dynamic Issue (SPDI) Scheduling for EDGE Architectures (2004)

Technology trends present new challenges for processor architectures and their instruction schedulers. Growing transistor density will increase the number of execution units on a single chip, and decreasing wire transmission speeds will cause long and variable on-chip latencies. These trends will severely limit the two dominant conventional architectures: dynamic issue superscalars, and static placement and issue VLIWs. We present a new execution model in which the hardware and static scheduler instead work cooperatively, called Static Placement Dynamic Issue (SPDI). This paper focuses on the static instruction scheduler for SPDI. We identify and explore three issues SPDI schedulers must consider-locality, contention, and depth of speculation. We evaluate a range of SPDI scheduling algorithms executing on an Explicit Data Graph Execution (EDGE) architecture. We find that a surprisingly simple one achieves an average of 5.6 instructions-per-cycle (IPC) for SPEC2000 64-wide issue machine, and is within 80% of the performance without on-chip latencies. These results suggest that the compiler is effective at balancing on-chip latency and parallelism, and that the division of responsibilities between the compiler and the architecture is well suited to future systems.
Recurrence of Carboxylic Acid−Pyridine Supramolecular Synthon in the Crystal Structures of Some Pyrazinecarboxylic Acids (2001)

X-ray crystal structures of pyrazinic acid 1 and isomeric methylpyrazine carboxylic acids 2-4 are analyzed to examine the occurrence of carboxylic acid-pyridine supramolecular synthon V in these heterocyclic acids. Synthon V, assembled by (carboxyl)O-H...N(pyridine) and (pyridine)C-H...O(carbonyl) hydrogen bonds, controls self-assembly in the crystal structures of pyridine and pyrazine monocarboxylic acids. The recurrence of acid-pyridine heterodimer V compared to the more common acid-acid homodimer I in the crystal structures of pyridine and pyrazine monocarboxylic acids is explained by energy computations in the RHF 6-31G* basis set. Both the O-H.N and the C-H...O hydrogen bonds in synthon V result from activated acidic donor and basic acceptor atoms in 1-4. Pyrazine 2,3- and 2,5-dicarboxylic acids 10 and 11 crystallize as dihydrates with a (carboxyl)O-H...O(water) hydrogen bond in synthon VII, a recurring pattern in the diacid structures. In summary, the carboxylic acid group forms an O-H...N hydrogen bond in pyrazine monocarboxylic acids and an O-H...O hydrogen bond in pyrazine dicarboxylic acids. This structural analysis correlates molecular features with supramolecular synthons in pyridine and pyrazine carboxylic acids for future crystal engineering strategies.
Ad-me: wireless advertising adapted to the user location, device and emotions (2004)

It has been predicted that the next phase of electronic business growth will be in the area of mobile e-commerce. The translation from "e " to "m " commerce, however, is not a straightforward task. This paper considers context sensitive advertising. According to analysts, wireless advertising will prove most successful when the advertisements merge seamlessly with the service content provided. This paper discusses key issues in the development of Ad-me (advertising for the mobile e-commerce user), a context-sensitive advertising system. Ad-me aims to deliver more palatable, less intrusive and personalized advertisements overlaid upon a mobile tourist guide. This paper describes the design and implementation of Ad-me and subsequently reflects upon the possibility of using user emotion to increase effectiveness of the advertising. The design of Ad-me adopts a multiagent systems (MAS) philosophy.
Novel staging protocol for non-small-cell lung cancers according to MRP-1/CD9 and KAI1/CD82 gene expression. (1998)

Our results suggest that a low MRP-1 and KAI1 expression by tumors of the lung may be associated with poor prognosis. It is conceivable that the evaluation for MRP-1 and KAI1 expression may identify node-negative lung cancer patients who are at high risk for early disease recurrence, and thus need intensive adjuvant therapy.
Blocking of potassium channels in Ranvier nodes by 4,5,6,7-substituted benzofurans and its significance on demyelinating diseases. (1993)

Demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS) uncover internodal potassium channels in myelinated axons (Chiu and Ritchie 1982) which tend to clamp the axonal membrane close to the equilibrium potential, thus rendering impulse propagation difficult (Waxman 1987; Bautz et al. 1990). Therefore, the role of potassium channel blockers in the symptomatic t reatment of MS has received much attention (Jones et al. 1983; Davis et al. 1986; Stefoski et al. 1987, 1991; Bohuslavizki et al. 1988; 1992; van Diemen et al. 1991; Aronson 1992).
Olf and decipol: New units for perceived air quality (1988)

In many offices, schools, dwellings and other non-industrial buildings the air is often perceived as annoying, unpleasant, stale, and stuffy. In many cases it has not been possible to identify the causes of these complaints by chemical analysis of the air. Therefore, two new units, the olf and the decipol, have been introduced to quantify how air is perceived by human beings. Olf is a unit which quantifies the source strength of air pollution; decipol is a unit quantifying perceived air pollution. Humans perceive the air by their olfactory and chemical sense, being sensitive to odorants and irritants in the air.
The extracellular hemoglobin of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris. Oxygenation properties of isolated chains, trimer, and a reassociated product (1991)

The extracellular hemoglobin of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris has a two-tiered hexagonal structure that can be dissociated into 1/12 subunits. The Hb contains four major kinds of oxygen-binding chains, a, b, c, and d, of which a-c form a disulfide-linked trimer. Additional non-heme chains are necessary for the assembly of the intact 3800-kDa molecule of approximately 200 subunits. Oxygen equilibria have been measured for chains c and d, the abc trimer, the partially reassembled product of addition of chain d to the trimer, and the intact molecule. The results show that oxygenation of the trimer but not the isolated c or d subunits is modulated by both pH and Ca2+ ions. Cooperativity of oxygen binding by the trimer is low (Hill coefficient approximately 1.3). However, addition of chain d results in a substantial decrease in oxygen affinity and a large increase in cooperativity so that the oxygen equilibrium becomes indistinguishable from that of the intact native molecule at pH 6.8. Light-scattering data show that the smallest observed trimeric abc unit is the dimer (abc)2 at pH 6.8. Analysis of the major sedimentation velocity boundary of the product of the abc unit and chain d in the CO form in the absence of calcium surprisingly can be accounted for entirely in terms of a nondissociating dimer, (abc)2, and chain d. The data for the CO form in the presence of calcium are best fitted in terms of (abc)2.d. Although both subunits c and d also form dimers, oxygen binding by subunit c, but not d, is highly cooperative. These observations, taken together, suggest that the two dimers (abc)2 and d2 are likely to be the major participants in forming the primary functional unit, (abcd)2, which at pH 7.4 is partially dissociated when in the CO form. Subunit d is clearly necessary for the formation of a cooperative unit. The hypothesis that (abcd)2 is a primary functional unit is consistent with a stoichiometry of 2 (abcd)2 units per 1/12 subunit or 24 such units in each molecule of Hb which would contain, in all, 192 heme-containing chains.
Normal Coordinate Analysis of “Footballene” C60 (1988)

Abstract An approximate force field previously developed for condensed aromatics is adapted to footballene, a C60 molecule of icosahedral symmetry. The 46 vibrational frequencies are calculated. For a general introduction to the interesting (hypothetical) C60 molecule called “footballene” it is referred to another paper in this issue [3], In the present work the reported symmetry coordinates [3] are used to calculate the assigned vibrational frequencies of footballene.
Temperature dependence of the luminescence of cyclometalated palladium(II), rhodium(III), platinum(II), and platinum(IV) complexes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemperature dependence of the luminescence of cyclometalated palladium(II), rhodium(III), platinum(II), and platinum(IV) complexesFrancesco Barigelletti, Diana Sandrini, Mauro Maestri, Vincenzo Balzani, Alex Von Zelewsky, Laurent Chassot, Philippe Jolliet, and Urs MaederCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 20, 3644–3647Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00293a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00293a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views910Altmetric-Citations149LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts