gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design Constructs (2006)

Design is an applied science. Design constructs and principles stem from the theoretical synthesis of causal powers of deferred action design parameters. Deferred action is applicable practically as specific models deduced from the design types. Its imperative assertions concerning design are logically consistent with 'design deferred systems for situations where deferred action is observed' and 'design specified systems for situations where action is regimented.'KeywordsRational DesignDesign DecisionDesign DomainOperational FunctionalityAction DesignerThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The effects of L-theanine (Suntheanine®) on objective sleep quality in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. (2011)

This study demonstrates that 400 mg daily of L-theanine is safe and effective in improving some aspects of sleep quality in boys diagnosed with ADHD. Since sleep problems are a common co-morbidity associated with ADHD, and because disturbed sleep may be linked etiologically to this disorder, L-theanine may represent a safe and important adjunctive therapy in childhood ADHD. Larger, long-term studies looking at the wider therapeutic role of this agent in this population are warranted.
Purification of Recombinant Proteins and Study of Protein Interaction by Epitope Tagging (1998)

A protein molecule can be engineered to include a short stretch of residues corresponding to an epitope to facilitate its subsequent biochemical and immunological analysis; a technique often referred to as "epitope tagging." This unit presents a protocol for small-scale immunoprecipitation of epitope-tagged recombinant proteins expressed in transiently transfected mammalian cells. The immunoprecipitant can then be analyzed by SDS-PAGE. An immunoprecipitation protocol is also provided that has been optimized for use with a baculovirus overexpression system. An Alternate Protocol describes how multisubunit complexes can be assembled by starting with a core protein affixed to beads via an epitope tag, and adding the other members of the complex in a stepwise manner.
Overexpression of IL-1 receptor accessory protein in stem and progenitor cells and outcome correlation in AML and MDS (2012)

Cellular and interpatient heterogeneity and the involvement of different stem and progenitor compartments in leukemogenesis are challenges for the identification of common pathways contributing to the initiation and maintenance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here we used a strategy of parallel transcriptional analysis of phenotypic long-term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), short-term HSCs, and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors from individuals with high-risk (-7/7q-) AML and compared them with the corresponding cell populations from healthy controls. This analysis revealed dysregulated expression of 11 genes, including IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), in all leukemic stem and progenitor cell compartments. IL1RAP protein was found to be overexpressed on the surface of HSCs of AML patients, and marked cells with the -7/7q- anomaly. IL1RAP was also overexpressed on HSCs of patients with normal karyotype AML and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, suggesting a pervasive role in different disease subtypes. High IL1RAP expression was independently associated with poor overall survival in 3 independent cohorts of AML patients (P = 2.2 × 10(-7)). Knockdown of IL1RAP decreased clonogenicity and increased cell death of AML cells. Our study identified genes dysregulated in stem and progenitor cells in -7/7q- AML, and suggests that IL1RAP may be a promising therapeutic and prognostic target in AML and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome.
Anti-inflammatory effect ofViscum albumagglutinin-I (VAA-I): induction of apoptosis in activated neutrophils and inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced neutrophilic inflammationin vivo (2004)

Viscum album agglutinin-I (VAA-I) is a plant lectin which possesses antitumoral properties. This lectin is also known for its immunostimulatory effects when used at low concentrations (1-100 ng/ml). We have demonstrated recently that VAA-I is a potent inducer of human neutrophil apoptosis in vitro when used at higher concentrations. The role of VAA-I on activated neutrophils has not so far been investigated and its potential proinflammatory properties in vivo are poorly documented. Herein, we demonstrated that VAA-I (1000 ng/ml) induces apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human neutrophils in vitro as well as in murine neutrophils isolated from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neutrophil influx. Using this model, we found that administration of VAA-I (100 or 1000 ng/ml) did not induce an inflammatory response. However, when used at 1 or 10 ng/ml, VAA-I was found to significantly induce a transitory inflammatory response, based on an increased leucocyte infiltration (>98% neutrophils). Also, we found that VAA-I inhibits LPS-induced neutrophil influx when administered simultaneously with LPS. In such conditions, some characteristic apoptotic neutrophils were observed in the pouch. Unlike LPS, which increased the production of some cytokines, VAA-I (1 or 10 ng/ml) did not increase the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1Ra, IL-1alpha, IL-beta, IL-8, IL-10 or IL-12 (p70) in human neutrophils. We conclude that VAA-I possesses the ability to induce apoptosis of preactivated neutrophils at a concentration that does not induce a proinflammatory response. Moreover, we conclude that VAA-I can inhibit a LPS-induced proinflammatory response in vivo. These data may provide new clinical perspectives in future mistletoe therapy and favour its potential utilization based on anti-inflammatory activity that at first appears contradictory with its use as immunostimulant.
Assessment of an 18F-Labeled Phosphoramidate Peptidomimetic as a New Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Targeted Imaging Agent for Prostate Cancer (2009)

(18)F-labeled phosphoramidate (3) is a representative of a new class of PSMA targeting peptidomimetic molecules that shows great promise as imaging agents for detecting PSMA+ prostate tumors.
Engineering T cells for cancer therapy (2005)

It is generally accepted that the immune system plays an important role in controlling tumour development. However, the interplay between tumour and immune system is complex, as demonstrated by the fact that tumours can successfully establish and develop despite the presence of T cells in tumour. An improved understanding of how tumours evade T-cell surveillance, coupled with technical developments allowing the culture and manipulation of T cells, has driven the exploration of therapeutic strategies based on the adoptive transfer of tumour-specific T cells. The isolation, expansion and re-infusion of large numbers of tumour-specific T cells generated from tumour biopsies has been shown to be feasible. Indeed, impressive clinical responses have been documented in melanoma patients treated with these T cells. These studies and others demonstrate the potential of T cells for the adoptive therapy of cancer. However, the significant technical issues relating to the production of natural tumour-specific T cells suggest that the application of this approach is likely to be limited at the moment. With the advent of retroviral gene transfer technology, it has become possible to efficiently endow T cells with antigen-specific receptors. Using this strategy, it is potentially possible to generate large numbers of tumour reactive T cells rapidly. This review summarises the current gene therapy approaches in relation to the development of adoptive T-cell-based cancer treatments, as these methods now head towards testing in the clinical trial setting.
The relationship between three heat shock protein 70 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung cancer (2010)

HSP70-1 G+190C may be a functional polymorphism and affect susceptibility to lung cancer, and homozygous C/C genotype may enhance the risk of lung cancer. In addition, smoking along with HSP70-1 G+190C and HSP70-hom T+2437C, may increase the risk of lung cancer.
Improved micromethod for assay of serum angiotensin converting enzyme. (1982)

Abstract We describe conditions for determining angiotensin converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1) in serum, by liquid chromatography. Serum (10 microL) is assayed with the artificial substrate hippuryl-glycyl-glycine (30 mmol/L) in a 50 mmol/L "HEPES" buffer solution with a high salt content (300 mmol of NaCl and 400 mmol of Na2SO4 per liter), at pH 8.0. The resulting enzymic activity is ninefold that of the currently popular spectrophotometric assay of Cushman and Cheung as modified by Lieberman (Am. J. Med. 59: 365-372, 1975). The hippuric acid end product is separated from the substrate by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and measured spectrophotometrically at 228 nm. o-Methyl hippuric acid is used as internal standard. The mean value for 100 normal control subjects was 317 (SD 96) nmol of hippuric acid released per milliliter of serum per minute. The enzyme activity is greater in newborns (p less than 0.05) and has a tendency to decrease with age. This partly automated method, which is optimized with regard to activity and detection, can be used in clinical routine.
Chemotherapeutic treatment efficacy and sensitivity are increased by adjuvant alternating electric fields (TTFields) (2009)

These results indicate that combining chemotherapeutic cancer treatment with TTFields may increase chemotherapeutic efficacy and sensitivity without increasing treatment related toxicity.
Expression of human factor IX in rabbit hepatocytes by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer: potential for gene therapy of hemophilia B. (1990)

Hemophilia B (Christmas disease) is a chromosome X-linked blood clotting disorder which results when factor IX is deficient or functionally defective. The enzyme is synthesized in the liver, and the existence of animal models for this genetic disease will permit the development of somatic gene therapy protocols aimed at transfer of the functional gene into the liver. We report the construction of an N2-based recombinant retroviral vector, NCMVFIX, for efficient transfer and expression of human factor IX cDNA in primary rabbit hepatocytes. In this construct the human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter directs the expression of factor IX. Hepatocytes were isolated from 3-week-old New Zealand White rabbits, infected with the recombinant virus, and analyzed for secretion of active factor IX. The infected rabbit hepatocytes produced human factor IX that is indistinguishable from enzyme derived from normal human plasma. The recombinant protein is sufficiently gamma-carboxylated and is functionally active in clotting assays. These results establish the feasibility of using infected hepatocytes for the expression of this protein and are a step toward the goal of correcting hemophilia B by hepatic gene transfer.
Soft glucocorticoid design: structural elements and physicochemical parameters determining receptor-binding affinity. (2004)

Following rational, retrometabolism-based drug design strategies, already two generations of cortienic acid-based soft corticosteroids have been designed. During their development, a large number of receptor-binding affinity (RBA) data for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) were determined. RBA is a major determinant of therapeutic potential for corticosteroids, because GRs from different tissues and even from different species seem to be essentially the same. A quantitative analysis of these RBA data obtained from more than sixty structures was performed. Within both generations of soft steroids, good receptor-binding affinity could be achieved with adequate substitution at the sensitive 17alpha or 17beta pharmacophores. For soft steroids that satisfy the main binding criteria at the glucocorticoid receptor, an indicator variable for a structural element (6alpha- or 9alpha-halogenation) and a physicochemical parameter (lipophilicity as measured by log P(o/w)) account for a large portion of the variability in RBA. Following a classical, regression-type analysis, a QSAR model that accounts for close to 80% of the variability in the log RBA data could be built using only these two descriptors. According to these data, receptor binding affinity at the GR is dramatically increased by 6alpha- or 9alpha-halogenation and it also tends to increase with increasing lipophilicity.
Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: diagnosis by direct sagittal computed tomography. (1984)

The authors performed direct sagittal computed tomography (CT) on 4 cadaver temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and examined 51 TMJs in 47 patients clinically. The results were correlated with cadaver anatomical sections and clinical arthrographic findings. A fat plane between the bellies of the lateral pterygoid muscles, termed the "lateral pterygoid fat pad," served as the anatomical basis for detection of internal derangements by CT. CT was 94% accurate in detecting meniscal derangements and 96% accurate in detecting degenerative arthritis. The authors suggest that CT rather than arthrography be employed as the primary TMJ imaging modality when internal derangement or arthritis is suspected.
Reduced Mortality among Children in Southern India Receiving a Small Weekly Dose of Vitamin A (1990)

The regular provision of a supplement of vitamin A to children, at a level potentially obtainable from foods, in an area where vitamin A deficiency and under-nutrition are documented public health problems contributed substantially to children's survival; mortality was reduced on average by 54 percent.
Windows in the Workplace (1998)

This article investigates the direct and indirect effects of windows in the workplace onjob satisfaction, intention to quit, and general well-being. The impact of three specific influencing mechanisms are examined: general level of illumination, sunlight penetration, and view. The extent to which these environmental features might moderate the negative consequences of job stress is investigated. The sample consisted of 100 white-and blue-collar workers who were employed in a large wine-producing organization in the Mediterranean region of Southern Europe. The results showed a significant direct effect for sunlight penetration on job satisfaction, intention to quit, and general well-being. A view of natural elements (i.e., trees, vegetation, plants, and foliage) was found to buffer the negative impact of job stress on intention to quit and to have a similar, albeit marginal, effect on general well-being. No effects for general level of illumination were found.
Objective aneuploidy detection for fetal and neonatal screening using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) (1997)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) allows entire genomes to be scanned for whole and segmental aneuploidy and thus may be an appropriate tool for the detection of clinically important abnormalities during fetal and neonatal screening. Criteria to distinguish between significant aberrations and experimental artifacts are essential for these applications. This report describes the use of a t-statistic to detect changes in CGH profiles that differ significantly from variations that occur in CGH profiles of normal samples. Eleven cell lines derived from fetal or neonatal patients were analyzed in this study. Aneuploidies in these lines included trisomies for chromosomes 13, 16, 18, and 21 and monosomy for distal 5p and tetrasomy 18p. Aneuploidy was detected in all samples by using the t-statistic, although the extent of the aneuploid region was not correctly estimated in some cases. A detailed description of the t-statistic fused for making these CGH comparisons is described in a companion paper (Moore et al., Cytometry 28:183-190, 1997.
IL-17 Stimulates Intraperitoneal Neutrophil Infiltration Through the Release of GROα Chemokine from Mesothelial Cells (2000)

IL-17 is a newly discovered cytokine implicated in the regulation of hemopoiesis and inflammation. Because IL-17 production is restricted to activated T lymphocytes, the effects exerted by IL-17 may help one to understand the contribution of T cells to the inflammatory response. We investigated the role of IL-17 in leukocyte recruitment into the peritoneal cavity. Leukocyte infiltration in vivo was assessed in BALB/Cj mice. Effects of IL-17 on chemokine generation in vitro were examined in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC). Administration of IL-17 i.p. resulted in a selective recruitment of neutrophils into the peritoneum and increased levels of KC chemokine (murine homologue of human growth-related oncogene alpha (GROalpha). Pretreatment with anti-KC Ab significantly reduced the IL-17-driven neutrophil accumulation. Primary cultures of HPMC expressed IL-17 receptor mRNA. Exposure of HPMC to IL-17 led to a dose- and time-dependent induction of GROalpha mRNA and protein. Combination of IL-17 together with TNF-alpha resulted in an increased stability of GROalpha mRNA and synergistic release of GROalpha protein. Anti-IL-17 Ab blocked the effects of IL-17 in vitro and in vivo. IL-17 is capable of selectively recruiting neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity via the release of neutrophil-specific chemokines from the peritoneal mesothelium.
IL-1β mediates leptin induction during inflammation (1998)

Interleukins (IL) are key mediators of the host response to infection and inflammation. Leptin is secreted by adipose tissue and plays an important role in the control of food intake. Administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or IL-1 acutely increases leptin mRNA and protein levels. To investigate the role of IL-1 beta and IL-6 in leptin expression during inflammation, we used IL-1 beta-deficient (-/-) and IL-6 -/- mice. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with LPS or subcutaneously with turpentine, as models of systemic or local inflammation, respectively. In IL-1 beta +/+ mice, both LPS and turpentine increased leptin mRNA and circulating leptin. In contrast, neither LPS nor turpentine increased leptin levels in IL-1 beta -/- mice. In IL-6 +/+ or IL-6 -/- mice, turpentine increased leptin protein to comparable levels. We conclude that IL-1 beta is essential for leptin induction by both LPS and turpentine in mice, but IL-6 is not.
Highly Selective Fluorescence Turn-on Chemodosimeter Based on Rhodamine for Nanomolar Detection of Copper Ions (2011)

A highly selective fluorescent chemodosimeter based on rhodamine is synthesized which undergoes Cu(2+) driven hydrolysis in aqueous media to produce fluorescence turn-on changes with a detection limit up to the nanomolar range.
Semi-Analytical Production Simulation of Complex Hydraulic Fracture Networks (2012)

Abstract The application of horizontal well drilling and multi-stage fracturing has become a norm in the industry to develop unconventional resources from ultra-tight formations. A complex fracture network generated in the presence of stress isotropy and pre-existing natural fractures immensely extends reservoir contact and improves hydrocarbon production. A semi-analytical method is presented in this paper to simulate the production from such complex fracture network. This method combines an analytical reservoir solution with a numerical solution on discretized fracture panels. The mathematics are briefly introduced. A number of case studies are presented, from a simple planar fracture to a real field example from the Barnett shale. Production behaviour and the key flow regimes are discussed. With its simplicity, yet capturing the physics of the transient production performance, this approach provides an accessible tool for people from multiple disciplines in unconventional resource development to rapidly evaluate treated-well productivity and stimulation effectiveness.
High speed p-type SiGe modulation-doped field-effect transistors (1996)

We report on the fabrication and characterization of high-speed p-type modulation-doped field-effect transistors (MODFETs) with 0.7-μm and 1-μm gate-lengths having unity current-gain cut-off frequencies (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ) of 9.5 GHz and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The devices were fabricated on a high hole mobility SiGe heterostructure grown by ultra-high-vacuum chemical vapor deposition (UHV-CVD). The dc maximum extrinsic transconductance (g/sub m/) is 105 mS/mm (205 mS/mm) at room temperature (77 K) for the 0.7-μm gate length devices. The fabricated devices show good pinch-off characteristics and have a very low gate leakage current of a few μA/mm at room temperature and a few nA/mm at 77 K.
Using the script MIB for policy-based configuration management (2003)

The IETF has developed several specifications for policy-based configuration management. In addition, an infrastructure for distributed management by delegation has been specified. This paper combines key concepts developed in these two efforts and proposes a policy-based configuration management architecture built upon the distributed management infrastructure. Two prototype implementations for managing Differentiated Services are discussed and evaluated.
Thermal-light full-field optical coherence tomography (2002)

We have built a high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) system, based on a Linnik-type interference microscope, illuminated by a white-light thermal lamp. The extremely short coherence length of the illumination source and the large aperture of the objectives permit resolution close to 1 microm in three dimensions. A parallel detection scheme with a CCD camera provides cross-section (x-y) image acquisition without scanning at a rate of up to 50 Hz. To our knowledge, our system has the highest resolution demonstrated to date for OCT imaging. With identical resolution in three dimensions, realistic volume rendering of structures inside biological tissues is possible.
Air-to-ground lasercom system demonstration design overview and results summary (2010)

We present an overview of an air-to-ground laser communications demonstration performed at MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Error-free communication at 2.5 Gb/s was demonstrated along a 25-km slant path between a 1-in transmit aperture on an aircraft at 12 kft altitude and ground terminal with 4 separate 1-cm receivers. Power fluctuations from turbulence-induced scintillation are mitigated in the spatial domain by use of the multiple ground receivers and in the time domain by the use of forward error correction and interleaving. The optical terminals are monitored by multiple high-rate sensors which allow us to quantify total system performance.
Islet-Like Clusters Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Wharton's Jelly of the Human Umbilical Cord for Transplantation to Control Type 1 Diabetes (2008)

In this study, we successfully differentiate HUMSCs into mature islet-like cell clusters, and these islet-like cell clusters possess insulin-producing ability in vitro and in vivo. HUMSCs in Wharton's Jelly of the umbilical cord seem to be the preferential source of stem cells to convert into insulin-producing cells, because of the large potential donor pool, its rapid availability, no risk of discomfort for the donor, and low risk of rejection.
Somatostatin Receptor 1, a novel EBV-associated CpG hypermethylated gene, contributes to the pathogenesis of EBV-associated gastric cancer (2013)

Somatostatin receptor 1 is a novel methylated gene driven by EBV infection in gastric cancer cells and acts as a potential tumour suppressor.