gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selection and characteristics of a Vibrio cholerae mutant lacking the A (ADP-ribosylating) portion of the cholera enterotoxin. (1979)

After mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine and selection by immuno-halo techniques, an avirulent mutant, designated Texas Star-SR, which produces no detectable A (active; ADP-ribosylating) region of the cholera enterotoxin (choleragen) but produces the B region (choleragenoid) in amounts similar to the hypertoxinogenic wild-type parent Vibrio cholerae (biotype E1 Tor serotype Ogawa), has been isolated. The mutant retains the colonizing ability, motility, prototrophy, and serologic characteristics of the parent. In relevant intestinal experimental models, it has been shown to be avirulent and to induce protection against challenge with virulent cholera vibrios. The mutant appears to be suitable for further evaluation in volunteers as a candidate living enteric vaccine against cholera and related enterotoxic enteropathies.
microRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells via the inhibition of CCND2 and MYB expression (2015)

The functions of microRNAs (miRNA/miR) in the development of cervical cancer remain largely undefined. The present study investigated the role of miR-195 in cervical cancer development. The expression of miR-195 mimics in the cervical cancer HeLa cell line significantly decreased the cell proliferation, migration and invasion capacities <i>in vitro</i>. Using miRNA target prediction algorithms and reporter assays, cyclin D2 (CCND2) and v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) were identified as direct targets of miR-195. Moreover, miR-195 repressed the expression of CCND2 and MYB in the HeLa cells at the mRNA and protein levels. Finally, the expression of miR-195 was downregulated in cervical cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Together, these data suggest that miR-195 is a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer.
Electroluminescent Devices Using n-Type Conducting Polymers: Poly (p-pyridyl vinylene) (1996)

A new n-type conducting polymer poly (p-pyridyl vinylene), (PPyV) was synthesized by the C-C cross coupling reaction of 2, 5-dibromopyridine and 1, 2-bis (tributylstannyl) ethylene catalyzed by palladium complex. We have reported investigations of electroluminescence (EL) in PPyV which we have used in a range of single-and double-layer EL devices. EL in the yellow region of the spectrum with a maximum at 585nm was observed from PPyV sandwiched between indium-tin-oxide and Al electrodes. In double-layer device which incorporate a thin film of poly (p-phenylene vinylene), (PPV) as a hole transport layer, yellow-orange emission with 0.08% external quantum efficiency can be achieved. EL originates from the radiative decay of the chromophore singlet polaron exciton created as a result of the recombination of injected charge carriers.
3-Methyl-2(1H)-pyrazinones, the Asparagine-Specific Maillard Products Formed from Asparagine and Monosaccharides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3-Methyl-2(1H)-pyrazinones, the Asparagine-Specific Maillard Products Formed from Asparagine and MonosaccharidesChi-Kuen Shu and Brian M. LawrenceCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 3, 779–781Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00051a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00051a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Concurrent Rotary-Steerable Directional Drilling and Hole Enlargement Applied Successfully: Case Studies in North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Nile Delta (2008)

Abstract Concurrent rotary-steerable directional drilling and hole enlargement utilizing concentric underreamers is becoming more commonplace. Significant cost savings can be obtained enlarging the hole while drilling with a rotary-steerable system (RSS) as opposed to using a designated hole-opener run after the pilot has been drilled. However, RSS underreamer assemblies are often challenged with BHA instability, excessive vibration and stick-slip problems when the two different cutting structures (bit and underreamer) interact with significantly different formations. This paper describes case histories of directional wells that have been drilled with both point-the-bit and push-the-bit RSS underreamer assemblies in the North Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Nile Delta (Egypt). In particular, RSS underreamer assemblies opening from 13″ to as large as 17 ½", using 12 ¼" pilot holes will be discussed. A unique sensor system, integrated into this specific RSS provides measurements of near-bit borehole caliper, stick-slip and vibration. While drilling, borehole quality and downhole vibrations were monitored in real-time at the rig site and from a remote operating center. The real-time data was used to optimize drilling parameters and provide enhanced performance from the RSS underreamer assembly. The RSS solution to simultaneous wellbore enlargement has been analyzed in terms of vibration, efficiency, performance, directional objectives and cost. The physical components, operational aspects and limitations of RSS underreamer technology will be discussed. The combination of a specific RSS and underreamer with a balanced cutting structure has resulted in excellent ROP and directional control, while reducing reaming-related vibration and potential failures. Further, an automated directional drilling feature and real-time drilling process monitor have enabled optimum directional drilling performance.
Depth profiling of As at the SiO2/Si interface using secondary ion mass spectrometry (1987)

Arsenic profiles across the SiO2/Si interface have been measured with secondary ion mass spectrometry under different O+2 bombardment conditions using As implanted into SiO2 and Si for calibration purposes. Radiation-enhanced segregation causes interfacial pile-up in profiles obtained under oblique incidence bombardment both with and without O2 backfill. Thus, implantation profiles through SiO2 are best measured using near normal incidence bombardment. However, if As is actually piled up at the interface, oblique incidence bombardment in vacuo is preferable since oxygen saturation conditions broaden the interfacial peak.
Control of glucose utilization in working perfused rat heart. (1994)

Metabolic control analyses of glucose utilization were performed for four groups of working rat hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 10 mM glucose only, or with the addition of 4 mM D-beta-hydroxybutyrate/1 mM acetoacetate, 100 nM insulin (0.05 unit/ml), or both. Net glycogen breakdown occurred in the glucose group only and was converted to net glycogen synthesis in the presence of all additions. The flux of [2-3H]glucose through P-glucoisomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) was reduced with ketones, elevated with insulin, and unchanged with the combination. Net glycolytic flux was reduced in the presence of ketones and the combination. The flux control coefficients were determined for the portion of the pathway involving glucose transport to the branches of glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. Major control was divided between the glucose transporter and hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) in the glucose group. The distribution of the control was slightly shifted to hexokinase with ketones, and control at the glucose transport step was abolished in the presence of insulin. Analysis of the pathway from 3-P-glycerate to pyruvate determined that the major control was shared by enolase (EC 4.2.1.1) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) in the glucose group. Addition of ketones, insulin, or the combination shifted the control to P-glycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1) and pyruvate kinase. These results illustrate that the control of the metabolic flux in glucose metabolism of rat heart is not exerted by a single enzyme but variably distributed among enzymes depending upon substrate availability, hormonal stimulation, or other changes of conditions.
Progressive renal failure. (1997)

Blood pressure control is important and lower target values are required in those with proteinuria. ACEI are suitable agents provided the doctor is aware of the risks of renovascular disease in the elderly. Renal function should be checked after two weeks treatment; deterioration calls for cessation of ACEI treatment and investigation for renal arterial disease. Low protein diet should not be used routinely but high protein diet should be avoided. If a highly motivated patient wishes to try protein reduction in case it is beneficial, no less than 0.6 g protein/day should be prescribed. The patient must be reviewed regularly by a specialist dietitian who can check nutritional state. Regular medical follow-up is essential; it has been shown to slow progression of renal failure probably because patients become more compliant with therapy, particularly antihypertensives. When should this follow-up be transferred to the renal unit? Studies from many countries have shown that late referral and/or emergency first dialysis are associated with substantially increased mortality and morbidity. Patients in whom the primary diagnosis is in doubt should be seen early; those in whom the cause is known, conservative treatment in place and without uraemic symptom should be transferred by the time the serum creatinine reaches 300 mumol/l.
Towards functional characterisation of the members of theR2R3‐MYBgene family fromArabidopsis thaliana (1998)

Transcription factors containing a conserved DNA-binding domain similar to that of the proto-oncogene c-myb have been identified in nearly all eukaryotes. MYB-related proteins from plants generally contain two related helix-turn-helix motifs, the R2 and R3 repeats. It was estimated that Arabidopsis thaliana contains more than 100 R2R3-MYB genes. The few cases where functional data are available suggest an important role of these genes in the regulation of secondary metabolism, the control of cell shape, disease resistance, and hormone responses. To determine the full regulatory potential of this large family of regulatory genes, a systematic search for the function of all genes of this family was initiated. Sequence data for more than 90 different A. thaliana R2R3-MYB genes have been obtained. Sequence comparison revealed conserved amino acid motifs shared by subgroups of R2R3-MYB genes in addition to the characteristic DNA-binding domain. No significant clustering of the genes was detected, although they are not uniformly distributed throughout the A. thaliana genome.
Efficacy and safety of diclofenac sodium 2% topical solution for osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, 4 week study (2015)

Administration of diclofenac sodium 2% topical solution BID resulted in significantly greater improvement in pain reduction in patients with OA of the knee versus vehicle control and was generally well tolerated.
Characterization of Mitochondrial DNA Heteroplasmy Using a Parallel Sequencing System (2010)

Characterization of human mitochondrial genome sequences is important for the molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases, especially in samples with a low level of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy (>or=5%). Currently, no single methodology can simultaneously determine complete mtDNA sequences, identify mitochondrial genome-wide heteroplasmies, and quantify mtDNA heteroplasmy levels. The deep sampling inherent in "next-generation" sequencing approaches should enable the efficient detection of low-level DNA heteroplasmies and address this need. Herein, we used the Illumina Genome Analyzer to re-sequence human mtDNA samples from two subjects that were combined at five different ratios (1:99, 5:95, 10:90, 20:80, and 50:50). We assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of this system, and our results show that mtDNA heteroplasmies >or=5% were detected 100% of the time with virtually no false positives and that the estimates of mtDNA heteroplasmy levels were remarkably close to the theoretical values (correlation coefficient = 0.96). Therefore, parallel sequencing provides a simple, high-throughput, and cost-effective platform for mitochondrial genome sequencing with sensitivity and specificity for mtDNA heteroplasmy detection.
Cardiac troponin-T immunoassay for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (1994)

We evaluated the analytical and clinical performance of an immunoassay for cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Within-run and total imprecision ranged from 1.6 to 11.3%. The sensitivity and linear range was 0.015 and 13 micrograms/L, respectively. Frozen samples were stable for at least 8 weeks. No interferences were seen with lipids or bilirubin (total and conjugated). Hemoglobin caused a negative bias at concentrations > 4 g/L. Heparinized plasma showed a 6% negative bias compared with serum. The clinical utility of cTnT was compared with that of creatine kinase (CK)-MB (mass assay). The sensitivity of cTnT measurements from 63 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (cTnT cutoff 0.1 microgram/L) was 60% at 0-3 h, 59% at 3-6 h, 94% at 6-9 h, 90% at 9-12 h, 99% at 12-24 h, 92% at 24-48 h, 83% at 48-72 h, and 100% at 72-96 h. Corresponding results for CK-MB (cutoff 5.0 micrograms/L and 2.5% relative index) were 45%, 64%, 82%, 97%, 87%, 81%, 54%, and 59%. The specificity of the markers from 49 non-AMI patients was 46% and 79% for cTnT and CK-MB, respectively. We show that CK-MB is more specific for diagnosis of AMI, and propose that cTnT is more sensitive to myocardial injury.
Hybridization Properties of a DeoxyoIigonucleotide Containing Four Formacetal Linkages (1991)

Abstract The deoxyoiigonucleotide “TCTCTCTCTCT” bearing four formacetal linkages has been synthesized. The hybridization properties of this compound with complementary RNA and single stranded DNA has been compared to control sequences bearing phosphodiester, phosphoramidate and methylphosphonate linkages. The formacetal oligomer hybridizes to RNA similarly to a diester and significantly better than the other neutral linkages. Recently we reported the synthesis of a deoxyoligonucleotide bearing two formacetal linkages at the three prime end (1). This oligomer was characterized for binding to a complementary RNA sequence. We now report the synthesis of the sequence 5′ TCTC*TC*TC*TCTTT where C is 5 methyl deoxycytidine and * is the formacetal linkage. Controls were prepared in which the modified linkage position * was the normal phosphodiester, methylphosphonate and methoxyethyl phosphoramidate. These four sequences which differ only in the backbone linkage at the starred positions were compared for their ability to hybridize to a complementary RNA and single stranded DNA sequences.
Dermal injection of immunocytes induces psoriasis. (1996)

Establishing direct and causal relationships among the confederacy of activated cell types present in psoriasis has been hampered by lack of an animal model. Within psoriatic plaques there are hyperplastic keratinocytes, infiltrating immunocytes, and activated endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to determine if psoriasis is primarily a disorder of keratinocytes or the immune system. Using a newly developed experimental system in which full-thickness human skin is orthotopically transferred onto severe combined immunodeficient mice, autologous immunocytes were injected into dermis, and the resultant phenotype characterized by clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic analyses. Engraftment of samples included both uninvolved/ symptomless (PN) skin removed from patients with psoriasis elsewhere, or from healthy individuals with no skin disease (NN skin). In 10 different experiments involving 6 different psoriasis patients, every PN skin was converted to a full-fledged psoriatic plaque skin by injection of autologous blood-derived immunocytes. In all but one psoriatic patient, the immunocytes required preactivation with IL-2 and superantigens to convert PN skin into psoriatic plaque skin. In every case, resultant plaques were characterized by visible presence of flaking and thickened skin, loss of the granular cell layer, prominent elongation of rete pegs with a dermal angiogenic tissue reaction, and infiltration within the epidermis by T cells. Lesional skin displayed 20 different antigenic determinants of the psoriatic phenotype. None of the four NN skin samples injected with autologous immunocytes converted to psoriatic plaques. We conclude that psoriasis is caused primarily by the ability of pathogenetic blood-derived immunocytes to induce secondary activation and disordered growth of endogenous cutaneous cells including keratinocytes and vascular endothelium.
Dissociation Between Muscle and Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Essential Hypertension, Obesity, and Congestive Heart Failure (1998)

Essential hypertension, obesity, and congestive heart failure are characterized by an increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Whether in these conditions skin sympathetic nerve activity is also increased has never been systematically examined, however. In 10 untreated mild essential hypertensive, 12 untreated normotensive obese, 10 mild (New York Heart Association class II) heart failure, and 10 normotensive lean healthy control subjects, we measured beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure (Finapres technique), body mass index, and postganglionic sympathetic nerve activity in skeletal muscle and skin areas (microneurographic technique, peroneal nerve). The muscle and skin nerve measurements were made in a randomized sequence. All data were obtained with the subject supine in a quiet, semidark environment at constant temperature over two periods of 30 minutes each, separated by a 20- to 30-minute interval. Blood pressure was increased only in hypertensive and body mass index only in obese subjects. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity quantified as bursts/min was markedly and significantly (P<.01) greater in essential hypertensive (33.3+/-1.7), obese (42.2+/-2.8), and congestive heart failure subjects (55.8+/-4.3) in comparison with control subjects (23.9+/-1.6). This was the case also for muscle sympathetic nerve activity, quantified as bursts per 100 heart beats. In contrast, skin sympathetic nerve activity (bursts per minute) was superimposable in hypertensive, obese, heart failure, and control subjects, its ability to increase being documented in all four groups by the marked response to an acoustic stimulus. Thus, in various diseases, muscle but not skin sympathetic activity is increased, with the sympathetic activation not being uniformly distributed over the whole cardiovascular system.
An EAP Authentication Method Based on Identity-Based Authenticated Key Exchange (2012)

The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is an authentication
framework which supports multiple authentication methods. This
document defines an authentication method for EAP called EAP-IBAKE,
which is based on the Identity-Based Authenticated Key Exchange
(IBAKE) protocol. The IBAKE method provides mutual authentication
through the use of identity-based encryption. In addition to mutual
authentication this method also provides perfect forward and backwards
secrecy.
A Novel DNA Computing Based Encryption and Decryption Algorithm (2015)

Lot of techniques and systems has been developed based on modular arithmetic cryptography for encryption and decryption. However, these techniques are broken using DNA cryptography techniques and methods. DNA Cryptography is a new instinctive cryptographic field that has emerged from the research of DNA computing. Some algorithms that are available in DNA Cryptography have limitations in that they still use modular arithmetic cryptography at some of their steps or they are biological laboratory experiment based which is not suitable in the digital computing environment. To overcome this lacuna, we describe a novel, secure, unique and dynamic DNA based encryption and decryption algorithm and also provide an analysis of its performance.
Genetic Manipulation of Negative-Strand RNA Virus Genomes (1993)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Prophylactic treatment of skeletal metastases, tumor-induced osteolysis, and hypercalcemia in rats with the bisphosphonate Cl2MBP (1993)

These results show that a prophylactic treatment with Cl2MBPs protects the skeleton effectively against tumor osteolysis.
The Arabidopsis thaliana trp5 Mutant Has a Feedback-Resistant Anthranilate Synthase and Elevated Soluble Tryptophan (1996)

The first step of tryptophan biosynthesis is catalyzed by anthranilate synthase (AS), which is normally subject to feedback inhibition by tryptophan. Three independent trp5 mutants defective in the Arabidopsis thaliana AS [alpha] subunit structural gene ASA1 were identified by selection for resistance to the herbicidal compound 6-methylanthranilate. In all three mutants these biochemical changes are caused by a single amino acid substitution from aspartate to asparagine at residue position 341. Compared with the enzyme from wild-type plants, the tryptophan concentration causing 50% inhibition of AS activity in the trp5 mutant increased nearly 3-fold, the apparent Km for chorismate decreased by approximately 50%, and the apparent Vmax increased 60%. As a consequence of altered AS kinetic properties, the trp5 mutants accumulated 3-fold higher soluble tryptophan than wild-type plants. However, even though the soluble tryptophan levels were increased in trp5 plants, the concentrations of five tryptophan biosynthetic proteins remained unchanged. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the reaction catalyzed by A. thaliana AS is rate limiting for the tryptophan pathway and that accumulation of tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes is not repressed by a 3-fold excess of end product.