gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using generational garbage collection to implement cache-conscious data placement (1998)

The cost of accessing main memory is increasing. Machine designers have tried to mitigate the consequences of the processor and memory technology trends underlying this increasing gap with a variety of techniques to reduce or tolerate memory latency. These techniques, unfortunately, are only occasionally successful for pointer-manipulating programs. Recent research has demonstrated the value of a complementary approach, in which pointer-based data structures are reorganized to improve cache locality.This paper studies a technique for using a generational garbage collector to reorganize data structures to produce a cache-conscious data layout, in which objects with high temporal affinity are placed next to each other, so that they are likely to reside in the same cache block. The paper explains how to collect, with low overhead, real-time profiling information about data access patterns in object-oriented languages, and describes a new copying algorithm that utilizes this information to produce a cache-conscious object layout.Preliminary results show that this technique reduces cache miss rates by 21--42%, and improves program performance by 14--37% over Cheney's algorithm. We also compare our layouts against those produced by the Wilson-Lam-Moher algorithm, which attempts to improve program locality at the page level. Our cache-conscious object layouts reduces cache miss rates by 20--41% and improves program performance by 18--31% over their algorithm, indicating that improving locality at the page level is not necessarily beneficial at the cache level.
Nanolithographic templates from diblock copolymer thin films (1996)

We describe a technique for creating a thin polystyrene film containing a periodic array of cylindrical holes, with a hole size of approximately 13 nm and a lattice constant of 27 nm. The starting material is a polystyrene-polybutadiene diblock copolymer, which self-assembles into a hexagonally packed array of polybutadiene cylinders embedded in a polystyrene matrix. A technique described previously is used to orient the cylinders normal to the plane of the film. The polybutadiene domains are then removed by reaction with ozone, which attacks the double bonds in the polybutadiene backbone. Films of this type could potentially be used as templates for nanolithography on a scale not readily accessed by other techniques.
A novel germ-line JKtranscript starting immediately upstream of JK1 (1989)

Germ-line transcripts of the immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell receptor loci are thought to be involved in the control of V gene rearrangement by rendering these loci accessible to the recombinases. We have analyzed the transcriptional activity of germ-line K alleles in two bone marrow-derived Abelson-murine leukemia virus transformed pre-B cells: 300-19, a null cell line, and P8 a mu-producing line. We found a novel germ-line JK transcript starting immediately upstream of JK1 and spliced to CK. The potential role of this transcript in the opening of the Ig K locus as well as in the ordered usage of JK segments is discussed.
A gene family consisting of ezrin, radixin and moesin Its specific localization at actin filament/plasma membrane association sites (1992)

Radixin is a barbed end-capping actin-modulating protein which was previously reported to be concentrated at cell-to-cell adherens junctions (AJ) and cleavage furrows. Recently, cDNA encoding mouse radixin was isolated, showing that radixin is highly homologous to but distinct from ezrin. From mouse teratocarcinoma cells we isolated and analyzed cDNA encoding another radixin-related protein. Sequence analysis has demonstrated that this protein is a mouse homologue of human moesin (98.3% identity) and that it shares 71.7% and 80.1% identity with ezrin and radixin, respectively. Translation experiments in vitro combined with immunoblot analyses led us to conclude that there is a gene family consisting of ezrin, radixin and moesin. These members are coexpressed in various types of cells. Then, by immunofluorescence microscopy, we closely analyzed their distribution using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, which could recognize all three members. In addition to cell-to-cell AJ and cleavage furrows, it was shown that they were concentrated at microvilli and ruffling membranes in various types of cells. Furthermore, the cell-to-substrate AJ (focal contacts) were clearly stained by anti-radixin pAb only after the apical/lateral membranes and cytoplasm were removed by the zinc method. We conclude that at least one of the members of the ezrin-radixin-moesin family is concentrated at specific regions where actin filaments are densely associated with plasma membranes.
Analyzing Impacts of Telecommunications on Travel Using Structural Equation Modeling (2006)

The Purpose of this study is to analyze telecommunications impacts on travel in a comprehensive system, considering demand, supply, costs, and land use. This study first Presents a conceptual model, considering causal relationships among travel, telecommunications, land use, economic activity, and socio-demographics. Then, based on the conceptual model, the aggregate causal relationships between telecommunications (local telephone calls, toll calls, and mobile phone subscribers) and travel (vehicle-miles traveled and number of transit Passengers) are explored in a comprehensive framework, using structural equation modeling of national time series data spanning 1950-2000 in the U.S. The model results suggest that as telecommunications demand increases, travel demand increases, and vice versa. Additionally. transportation infrastructure and land use significantly affect travel demand.
Disturbance of deep-sea environments induced by the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake (2012)

The impacts of the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake on deep-sea environment were investigated 36 and 98 days after the event. The light transmission anomaly in the deep-sea water after 36 days became atypically greater (∼35%) and more extensive (thickness ∼1500 m) near the trench axis owing to the turbulent diffusion of fresh seafloor sediment, coordinated with potential seafloor displacement. In addition to the chemical influx associated with sediment diffusion, an influx of (13)C-enriched methane from the deep sub-seafloor reservoirs was estimated. This isotopically unusual methane influx was possibly triggered by the earthquake and its aftershocks that subsequently induced changes in the sub-seafloor hydrogeologic structures. The whole prokaryotic biomass and the development of specific phylotypes in the deep-sea microbial communities could rise and fall at 36 and 98 days, respectively, after the event. We may capture the snap shots of post-earthquake disturbance in deep-sea chemistry and microbial community responses.
Structure and Regulation of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (2012)

Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecule in biological systems. In mammals, the diatomic gas is critical to the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway as it functions as the primary activator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). NO is synthesized from l-arginine and oxygen (O(2)) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Once produced, NO rapidly diffuses across cell membranes and binds to the heme cofactor of sGC. sGC forms a stable complex with NO and carbon monoxide (CO), but not with O(2). The binding of NO to sGC leads to significant increases in cGMP levels. The second messenger then directly modulates phosphodiesterases (PDEs), ion-gated channels, or cGMP-dependent protein kinases to regulate physiological functions, including vasodilation, platelet aggregation, and neurotransmission. Many studies are focused on elucidating the molecular mechanism of sGC activation and deactivation with a goal of therapeutic intervention in diseases involving the NO/cGMP-signaling pathway. This review summarizes the current understanding of sGC structure and regulation as well as recent developments in NO signaling.
Characterization of the major outer membrane antigens of Treponema hyodysenteriae (1988)

Outer membrane extracts of Treponema hyodysenteriae were used to evaluate the antibody responses in immunized or convalescent pigs. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis identified antibodies in sera reactive with 14- to 19-kilodalton (kDa) antigens. Reactivity against these antigens could be removed only by absorption of sera with butanol-water-extracted endotoxin from the homologous strain of T. hyodysenteriae. Treatment of the outer membrane extracts with 0.1 M sodium meta-periodate, but not with proteinase K, abolished reactivity with both outer membrane and endotoxin antigens (14 and 19 kDa). These results indicate that swine vaccinated with the outer membrane extract of T. hyodysenteriae develop antibody responses to outer membrane antigens qualitatively similar to those of swine convalescing from active infection, especially antibodies against low-molecular-mass antigens. The nature of the 14- to 19-kDa antigens appears consistent with that of treponemal endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide.
Influence of metal alloy and the profile of coronary stents in patients with multivessel coronary disease (2011)

The use of two different alloys, stainless steel and cobalt-chrome stents, in the same patient and in the same vessel produced similar 6-month restenosis and late loss rates.
Real-world scene perception and perceptual organization: Lessons from Computer Vision (2013)

Purpose: Extensive research into the architecture of human scene perception and human figure-ground segmentation show that both local and configural processes play a role. Local factors include bottom-up edge segmentation enabling small regions to be fused into figural regions. Configural factors include top-down processes such as grouping and meaningfulness. Barghout (2009, 2011) suggested a natural-scene-perception architecture comprised of nested hierarchies of "spatial taxons" with the rank-frequency distribution predicted by a law of least effort, where attentional resources were minimized and utility optimized. Because computer vision models often provide insight into human perception, we decided to build a computer vision segmentation model that used spatial-taxon designation as a "meaningfulness" configural cue. Methods: The computer model used fuzzy-logic inference to simulate low-level visual processes and few rules of figure-ground perceptual organization. The model was required to conform to a spatial-taxon’s "meaningfulness" cue. We collected 70 real images composed of three "generic scene types", each of which required a different combination of the perceptual organization rules built into our model. We then used our model to segment the generic scene types. Two human subjects rated image-segmentation quality on a scale from 1 to 5 (5 being the best). Results: The majority of generic-scene-type image segmentations received a score of 4 or 5 (very good, perfect). ROC plots show that this model performs better on generic-scene-type images than normalized-cut ((Martin, Fowlkes, Tal, and Malik (2001). Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2013
Precise delay generation using coupled oscillators (1993)

A new delay generator based on a series of coupled ring oscillators has been developed; it produces precise delays with subgate delay resolution for chip testing applications. It achieves a delay resolution equal to a buffer delay divided by the number of rings. The coupling employed forces the outputs of a linear array of ring oscillators oscillating at the same frequency to be uniformly offset in phase by a precise fraction of a buffer delay. The buffer stage used in the ring oscillators is based on a source-coupled pair and achieves high supply noise rejection while operating at low supply voltages. Experimental results from a 2- mu m N-well CMOS implementation of the delay generator demonstrate that it can achieve an output delay resolution of 101 ps while operating at 141 MHz with a peak error of 58 ps.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Monoclonal antibody against myeloid leukemia cell line (KG-1). (1983)

A murine monoclonal antibody (WI-5) was produced against a myeloid leukemia cell line (KG-1). The antibody was immunoglobulin G3K. It reacted only against KG-1 cells and failed to react against 33 other cell lines representing fibroblasts, solid tumors, and cells of myeloid and lymphatic origin. It also showed no reaction against normal red blood cells, granulocytes, platelets, monocytes, and T- and B-lymphocytes. Similarly, there was no reaction against lymphocytes transformed by mitogens. Peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from acute granulocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia in blastic crisis, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia failed to react with WI-5. It was suggested that WI-5 detected a unique antigen on KG-1 cells.
Time- and pH-dependent colon-specific drug delivery for orally administered diclofenac sodium and 5-aminosalicylic acid (2004)

Two types of CDDS, prepared herein by means of the regular coating technique, are able to achieve site-specific drug delivery targeting at colon following oral administration, and provide a promising strategy to control drug release targeting the desired lower gastrointestinal region.
Positive treatment effects of ustekinumab in psoriasis: Analysis of lesional and systemic parameters (2010)

Ustekinumab, a human anti-interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23p40 monoclonal antibody has demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Skin lesion biopsies, cell surface markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes, and ex vivo T-helper (Th)1/Th2 cytokine responses from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients receiving ustekinumab 45 or 90 mg, or placebo were evaluated at baseline and week 12. Inflammatory serum protein levels were measured at baseline, week 2 and week 12. At week 12, median epidermal thickness decreased from 312.1 to 132.7 microm, and median levels of cellular proliferation (Ki67) and T-cell infiltration (CD3) decreased by 84.3% and 70.7%, respectively, in the combined ustekinumab group (all P < or = 0.002). Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, C-C motif ligand 27 (CCL27) and other inflammatory cytokines remained unchanged. Minimal variation in the percentage of T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) was observed following ustekinumab treatment, with no significant variation in the percentage of cells expressing CD45RA, CD45RO, CD25, human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), and C-X-C motif receptor 3 (CXCR3). No apparent effect on the magnitude of Th1/Th2 responses to external stimuli in PBMC was observed following placebo or ustekinumab treatment. Ustekinumab improves histological psoriasis measures, with minimal impact on the systemic immune system.
IL-15 Serves as a Costimulator in Determining the Activity of Autoreactive CD8 T Cells in an Experimental Mouse Model of Graft-versus-Host-Like Disease (2008)

To elucidate the mechanisms controlling peripheral tolerance, we established two transgenic (Tg) mouse strains expressing different levels of membrane-bound OVA (mOVA) as a skin-associated self-Ag. When we transferred autoreactive TCR-Tg CD8 T cells (OT-I cells), keratin 14 (K14)-mOVA(high) Tg mice developed autoreactive skin disease (graft-vs-host disease (GVHD)-like skin lesions) while K14-mOVA(low) Tg mice did not. OT-I cells in K14-mOVA(high) Tg mice were fully activated with full development of effector function. In contrast, OT-I cells in K14-mOVA(low) Tg mice proliferated but did not gain effector function. Exogenous IL-15 altered the functional status of OT-I cells and concomitantly induced disease in K14-mOVA(low) Tg mice. Conversely, neutralization of endogenous IL-15 activity in K14-mOVA(high) Tg mice attenuated GVHD-like skin lesions induced by OT-I cell transfer. Futhermore, K14-mOVA(high) Tg mice on IL-15 knockout or IL-15Ralpha knockout backgrounds did not develop skin lesions after adoptive transfer of OT-I cells. These results identify IL-15 as an indispensable costimulator that can determine the functional fate of autoreactive CD8 T cells and whether immunity or tolerance ensues, and they suggest that inhibition of IL-15 function may be efficacious in blocking expression of autoimmunity where a breach in peripheral tolerance is suspected.
Continuous Sample Pretreatment Using a Free-Flow Electrophoresis Device Integrated onto a Silicon Chip (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous Sample Pretreatment Using a Free-Flow Electrophoresis Device Integrated onto a Silicon ChipDaniel E. Raymond, Andreas. Manz, and H. Michael. WidmerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 18, 2858–2865Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00090a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00090a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views896Altmetric-Citations233LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proepithelin Promotes Migration and Invasion of 5637 Bladder Cancer Cells through the Activation of ERK1/2 and the Formation of a Paxillin/FAK/ERK Complex (2006)

The growth factor proepithelin (also known as progranulin, acrogranin, PC-derived growth factor, or granulin-epithelin precursor) is a secreted glycoprotein that functions as an important regulator of cell growth, migration, and transformation. Proepithelin is overexpressed in a great variety of cancer cell lines and clinical specimens of breast, ovarian, and renal cancer as well as glioblastomas. In this study, we have investigated the effects of proepithelin on bladder cancer cells using human recombinant proepithelin purified to homogeneity from 293-EBNA cells. Although proepithelin did not appreciably affect cell growth, it did promote migration of 5637 bladder cancer cells and stimulate in vitro wound closure and invasion. These effects required the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and paxillin, which upon proepithelin stimulation formed a complex with focal adhesion kinase and active extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Our results provide the first evidence for a role of proepithelin in stimulating migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells, and support the hypothesis that this growth factor may play a critical role in the establishment of the invasive phenotype.
An SOI-Based 7.5/spl mu/m-Thick 0.15x0.15mm2 RFID Chip (2006)

A 0.15 X 0.15mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> RFID chip containing a 128b ROM is fabricated in a 0.18μm 4M SOI CMOS technology. It achieves 480mm read range with a 2.45GHz carrier for a reader output power of 300mW. The chip is thinned precisely by using an SOI buried oxide layer structure as an etch stop. An RFID antenna is connected to the chip by using a double-surface electrode
Solubilization mechanism of cytochrome c in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate water/oil microemulsion (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSolubilization mechanism of cytochrome c in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate water/oil microemulsionMotonari Adachi and Makoto HaradaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 14, 3631–3640Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100116a031https://doi.org/10.1021/j100116a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray, Raman and IR Study of α‐CsReO4, the High‐Temperature Modification of Cesium Perrhenate. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.