gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclopropanation of olefins with a stable, iron-containing methylene transfer reagent (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclopropanation of olefins with a stable, iron-containing methylene transfer reagentSteven Brandt and Paul HelquistCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 21, 6473–6475Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00515a074https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00515a074research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Herbal Therapy in Dermatology (2002)

Herbal therapy is becoming increasingly popular among patients and physicians. Many herbal preparations are marketed to the public for various ailments including those of the skin. Herbal therapies have been used successfully in treating dermatologic disorders for thousands of years in Europe and Asia. In Germany, a regulatory commission oversees herbal preparations and recommended uses. In Asia, herbal treatments that have been used for centuries are now being studied scientifically. Currently, the United States does not regulate herbal products, as they are considered dietary supplements. Therefore, there is no standardization of active ingredients, purity, or concentration. There are also no regulations governing which herbs can be marketed for various ailments. This has made learning about and using these treatments challenging. Information compiled in a practical fashion may enable more patients to benefit from these treatments currently used worldwide. We reviewed the herbal medications that show scientific evidence of clinical efficacy, as well as the more common herbs shown to be useful in the treatment of dermatologic disorders. The safety of each herb has been addressed to better enable the physician to know which herbal therapies they may want to begin to use in practice. Common drug interactions and side effects of herbal medicines that may be seen in the dermatologic setting were also studied.
Efficient Neutralization of Primary Isolates of HIV-1 by a Recombinant Human Monoclonal Antibody (1994)

The ability of antibodies to neutralize diverse primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 in vitro has been questioned, with implications for the likely efficacy of vaccines. A recombinant human antibody to envelope glycoprotein gp120 was generated and used to show that primary isolates are not refractory to antibody neutralization. The recombinant antibody neutralized more than 75 percent of the primary isolates tested at concentrations that could be achieved by passive immunization, for example, to interrupt maternal-fetal transmission of virus. The broad specificity and efficacy of the antibody implies the conservation of a structural feature on gp120, which could be important in vaccine design.
35 nm CMOS FinFETs (2003)

We demonstrate for the first time high performance 35 nm CMOS FinFETs. Symmetrical NFET and PFET off-state leakage is realized with a simple technology. For 1 volt operation at a conservative 24 /spl Aring/ gate oxide thickness, the transistors give drive currents of 1240 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m for NFET and 500 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m for PFET at an off current of 200 nA//spl mu/m. Excellent hot carrier immunity is achieved. Device performance parameters exceed ITRS projections.
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors (2008)

Idiopathic CD4(+) lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare non-HIV-related syndrome with unclear natural history and prognosis. This prospective natural history cohort study describes the clinical course, CD4 T lymphocyte kinetics, outcome, and prognostic factors of ICL. Thirty-nine patients (17 men, 22 women) 25 to 85 years old with ICL were evaluated between 1992 and 2006, and 36 were followed for a median of 49.5 months. Cryptococcal and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections were the major presenting opportunistic infections. Seven patients presented with no infection. In 32, CD4 T-cell counts remained less than 300/mm(3) throughout the study period and in 7 normalized after an average of 31 months. Overall, 15 (41.6%) developed an opportunistic infection in follow-up, 5 (13.8%) of which were "AIDS-defining clinical conditions," and 4 (11.1%) developed autoimmune diseases. Seven patients died, 4 from ICL-related opportunistic infections, within 42 months after diagnosis. Immunologic analyses revealed increased activation and turnover in CD4 but not CD8 T lymphocytes. CD8 T lymphocytopenia (< 180/mm(3)) and the degree of CD4 T cell activation (measured by HLA-DR expression) at presentation were associated with adverse outcome (opportunistic infection-related death; P = .003 and .02, respectively).
Significance of the Quantitative Analysis of Ischemia Modified Albumin and Troponin for Early Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome (2009)

Objective To explore significance of the quantitative analysis of Ischemia Modified Albu min and Troponin for early acute coronary syndrome.Methods 97 patients with an attack of ACS in 6 hours were assigned to Unstable Angina Pectoris group(61 cases)and Myocardial Infarction group(36cnses).The vailation laws were observed respectively by continuously measuring IMA.cTnT and ECG for the patients in 0 hour，6 hour，24 hour after admission.Results In 0 hour after admission.The level of IMA Was significantly increased in the two groups patients.and the level of cTnl Was significantly increased only in MI group.The sensitivity of IMA，cTnI and ECG to ACS Was 87.6％.44.3％and 41.2％respectively。And the sensitivity Was 91.7％，94.8％respectively with the CO.detection of IMA。cTnT or IMA，cTnT and ECG，which Was remarkable hi.er than that any single detection(P<0.05).Conclusion IMA is a sensitive biochemical indicator for early ACS，particularly for UA.11le co-detection of IMA.cTnT and ECG are significant for early ACS.

Key words: 
Acute Coronary Syndrome; Ischemia Modified Albumin; Troponin
Inhibitory effects of biochanin A on benzo(a)pyrene induced carcinogenesis in mice. (1992)

Biochanin A was studied for its capacity to inhibit benzo(a)pyrene (BP) induced neoplasia in female Swiss Webster mice. To investigate the effect of biochanin A on the initiation step, biochanin A (500 mg/kg) was administered orally 48 hours prior to BP (3 mg/mouse), which was also given orally. This sequence of biochanin A and BP administration was repeated once a week for a total of 4 weeks. At 26 weeks after the last treatment, all the mice were sacrificed. To investigate the effect of biochanin A on the promotion step, a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg of BP was given within 24 hours after birth, and biochanin A (0.125 mg/mouse) was injected intraperitoneally 3 times a week for 6 weeks after weaning. In the initiation protocol, the concomitant administration of biochanin A showed significant inhibition of the mean number of lung tumors (P less than 0.001) and the incidence of carcinoma of the forestomach (P less than 0.02). In the promotion protocol, biochanin A significantly inhibited the incidence (P less than 0.01) and the multiplicity (P less than 0.001) of pulmonary adenoma, compared with the group treated with BP alone. These results suggest that biochanin A inhibitory potential in the initiation, as well as in the promotion step of BP carcinogenesis in female Swiss-Webster mice.
AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs-InyGa1−yAs quantum well heterostructure lasers with native oxide current-blocking windows formed on metallized devices (1994)

Data are presented demonstrating improved laser operation of AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs-InyGa1−yAs quantum well heterostructures modified with buried native oxide current-blocking windows. The windows are formed by low temperature (425 °C) anisotropic ‘‘wet’’ oxidation of an Al0.9Ga0.1As layer exposed at the facets of metallized laser bars. These window devices operate continuously to powers as high as 248 mW/facet (uncoated, ∼10.5 μm aperture), a ∼25% improvement over nonwindow devices.
TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES ON HUMAN PITUITARY TUMOURS: RADIOIMMUNOASSAYABLE ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES IN THE CULTURE MEDIUM (1978)

ABSTRACT A tissue culture study was undertaken to determine if human non-functioning pituitary tumours secrete polypeptide anterior pituitary hormones in vitro and to study the spectrum of hormone release by functioning pituitary neoplasms. Fragments from 48 human pituitary tumours (from patients - 2 with Cushing's disease, 1 with Nelson's syndrome, 5 with amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea, 10 with acromegaly and 30 with non-functioning pituitary tumours) and three normal human anterior pituitary glands (controls) were placed in tissue culture immediately after surgery. The in vitro release of human growth hormone (HGH), prolactin (Prl), thyrotrophin (TSH), adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by radioimmunoassays at the end of one week in culture. Clinical and pathological data were compared to hormone release patterns. In the culture media from control pituitaries the concentrations of the six hormones tested were 100 to 10 000 times greater than in peripheral blood. The medium surrounding the fragments from functioning pituitary tumours contained the following: a) Acromegaly - high levels of HGH and variable concentrations of the other hormones. b) Cushing's disease - ACTH and Prl predominantly. c) Amenorrhcea-galactorrhoea syndrome - prolactin in 4 out of 5 patients, all six polypeptides in one patient. In the media from the 30 patients diagnosed as having non-functioning pituitary tumours, 60 % of the samples contained at least one hormone at a concentration similar to that of the controls and 100 % of the samples contained detectable quantities of at least one hormone.
Multilevel signaling and pulse shaping for spectrum efficiency in subcarrier multiplexing transmission (1994)

Subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) transmission has been widely used for analog video transmission in CATV systems. As digital video technology rapidly advances, there is a strong need to transmit digital video over the same SCM system. Since digital video such as HDTV requires a much larger bandwidth, multilevel signaling becomes an important approach. As the number of levels increases, however, the noise margin decreases and the system is more subject to adjacent channel interference (ACI). In this paper, we analyze the spectrum efficiency and power penalty of multilevel SCM transmission. We found that using pulse shaping can make multilevel signaling attractive. Depending on the ACI that can be tolerated, results show that multilevel amplitude-shift keying (ASK) of 5-7 b/symbol can give the optimum spectrum efficiency using the raised-cosine pulse. The price paid is a slight power penalty of 0.4 dB to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI) to zero.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Recognition and Reaction of Metallointercalators with DNA (1999)

The design of small complexes that bind and react at specific sequences of DNA becomes important as we begin to delineate, on a molecular level, how genetic information is expressed. A more complete understanding of how to target DNA sites with specificity will lead not only to novel chemotherapeutics but also to a greatly expanded ability for chemists to probe DNA and to develop highly sensitive diagnostic agents.
The design and implementation of Berkeley Lab's linuxcheckpoint/restart (2005)

This paper describes Berkeley Linux Checkpoint/Restart (BLCR), a linux kernel module that allows system-level checkpoints on a variety of Linux systems. BLCR can be used either as a stand alone system for checkpointing applications on a single machine, or as a component by a scheduling system or parallel communication library for checkpointing and restoring parallel jobs running on multiple machines. Integration with Message Passing Interface (MPI) and other parallel systems is described.
Effect of Acyl Chain Length and Branching on the Enantioselectivity ofCandidarugosaLipase in the Kinetic Resolution of 4-(2-Difluoromethoxyphenyl)-Substituted 1,4-Dihydropyridine 3,5-Diesters (2002)

Since 2,6-dimethyl-4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine 3,5-diesters themselves are not hydrolyzed by commercially available hydrolases, derivatives with spacers containing a hydrolyzable group were prepared. Seven acyloxymethyl esters of 5-methyl- and 5-(2-propoxyethyl) 4-[2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate were synthesized and subjected to Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) catalyzed hydrolysis in wet diisopropyl ether. A methyl ester at the 5-position and a long or branched acyl chain at C3 gave the highest enantiomeric ratio (E values). The most stereoselective reaction (E = 21) was obtained with 3-[(isobutyryloxy)methyl] 5-methyl 4-(2-difluoromethoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and this compound was used to prepare both enantiomers of 3-methyl 5-(2-propoxyethyl) 4-[2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate. The absolute configuration of the enzymatically produced carboxylic acid was established to be 4R by X-ray crystallographic analysis of its 1-(R)-phenylethyl amide.
Drug-to-Antibody Ratio (DAR) and Drug Load Distribution by Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography and Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2013)

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is the method of choice for determination of the drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) and drug load distribution for cysteine (Cys)-linked antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). The drug-loaded species are resolved based on the increasing hydrophobicity with the least hydrophobic, unconjugated form eluting first and the most hydrophobic, 8-drug form eluting last. The area percentage of a peak represents the relative distribution of the particular drug-loaded ADC species. The weighted average DAR is then calculated using the percentage peak area information and the drug load numbers. Reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) offers an orthogonal method to obtain DAR for Cys-linked ADCs. The method involves, first, a reduction reaction to completely dissociate the heavy and light chains of the ADC, then separation of the light and heavy chains and their corresponding drug-loaded forms on an RP column. The percentage peak area from integration of the light chain and heavy chain peaks, combined with the assigned drug load for each peak, is used to calculate the weighted average DAR.
A system for automatic personalized tracking of scientific literature on the Web (1999)

Article Free Access Share on A system for automatic personalized tracking of scientific literature on the Web Authors: Kurt D. Bollacker NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJ NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJView Profile , Steve Lawrence NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJ NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJView Profile , C. Lee Giles NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJ NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims DL '99: Proceedings of the fourth ACM conference on Digital librariesAugust 1999 Pages 105–113https://doi.org/10.1145/313238.313270Published:01 August 1999Publication History 75citation964DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations75Total Downloads964Last 12 Months38Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Role of Insulin Receptor Dimerization Domains in Ligand Binding, Cooperativity, and Modulation by Anti-receptor Antibodies (2002)

To define the structures within the insulin receptor (IR) that are required for high affinity ligand binding, we have used IR fragments consisting of four amino-terminal domains (L1, cysteine-rich, L2, first fibronectin type III domain) fused to sequences encoded by exon 10 (including the carboxyl terminus of the alpha-subunit). The fragments contained one or both cysteine residues (amino acids 524 and 682) that form disulfides between alpha-subunits in native IR. A dimeric fragment designated IR593.CT (amino acids 1-593 and 704-719) bound (125)I-insulin with high affinity comparable to detergent-solubilized wild type IR and mIR.Fn0/Ex10 (amino acids 1-601 and 650-719) and greater than that of dimeric mIR.Fn0 (amino acids 1-601 and 704-719) and monomeric IR473.CT (amino acids 1-473 and 704-719). However, neither IR593.CT nor mIR.Fn0 exhibited negative cooperativity (a feature characteristic of the native insulin receptor and mIR.Fn0/Ex10), as shown by failure of unlabeled insulin to accelerate dissociation of bound (125)I-insulin. Anti-receptor monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes in the first fibronectin type III domain (amino acids 471-593) and inhibit insulin binding to wild type IR inhibited insulin binding to mIR.Fn0/Ex10 but not IR593.CT or mIR.Fn0. We conclude the following: 1) precise positioning of the carboxyl-terminal sequence can be a critical determinant of binding affinity; 2) dimerization via the first fibronectin domain alone can contribute to high affinity ligand binding; and 3) the second dimerization domain encoded by exon 10 is required for ligand cooperativity and modulation by antibodies.
Mechanical parametric amplification and thermomechanical noise squeezing (1991)

A mechanical degenerate parametric amplifier has been devised which greatly increases the motional response of a microcantilever for small harmonic force excitations. The amplifier can improve force detection sensitivity for measurements dominated by sensor noise or backaction effects and can also produce mechanical squeezed states. In an initial squeezing demonstration, the thermal noise (Brownian motion) of the cantilever was reduced in one phase by 4.9 dB.
CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES DURING ADENOSINE INDUCED HYPOTENSION FOR MAJOR ORTHOPEDIC AND CEREBRAL ANEURYSM SURGERY (1990)

Fukunaga, A. F. M.D.,Ph.D.; Morgan, P. J. M.D.; Kikuta, Y. M.D.; Taniguchi, Y. M.D.; Lippmann, M. M.D.; Hsu, D. M.D. Author Information
Inhibition of endothelial lipase causes increased HDL cholesterol levels in vivo (2003)

Endothelial lipase (EL) is a recently discovered member of the lipoprotein lipase gene family that hydrolyzes HDL phospholipids ex vivo and reduces HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels when overexpressed in vivo in mice. To gain further insight into the physiological role of EL in the metabolism of HDL in vivo, studies were performed in which EL was inhibited in wild-type, hepatic lipase knockout (HL(-/-)), and human apoA-I transgenic mice by intravenous infusion of a polyclonal antibody inhibitory to murine EL. As compared with infusion of a control antibody, infusion of the inhibitory antibody resulted in a 25-60% increase in HDL-C levels in the three mouse models, with the peak HDL-C levels occurring at 48 hours after injection. Inhibition of EL also generated larger HDL particles in the HL(-/-) mice. The clearance of HDL phospholipid was significantly slower in human apoA-I transgenic mice injected with an antibody against murine EL (mEL) than in mice injected with a control antibody. We conclude that inhibition of EL results in increased HDL-C levels and that EL is an important enzyme in the physiological regulation of HDL metabolism.
An experimental study of the correlation between surface roughness and light scattering for rough metallic surfaces (2005)

We present an experimental study of the angular distribution of light scattered from several rough metallic surfaces, which cover a range of roughness conditions. The substrate materials are steel or glass; roughened by bead-blasting, grinding, or etching; and aluminum- coated. The measured surface-roughness statistics are filtered by using a composite roughness model. The raw mechanical roughnesses range from 0.21&#956;m to 2.66&#956;m; the high-frequency small-scale roughnesses range from 0.13&#956;m to 0.86&#956;m. The optical wavelength is 550nm, so that the roughness-to-wavelength ratio is of order one. A BRDF model based on the Kirchhoff approximation is used to establish a relationship between surface-height statistics and the angular distribution of the scattered light. Angular distributions calculated with the BRDF model are fit to the measurements. The best-fit roughness statistics from the BRDF model agree closely with those measured for the high-frequency small-scale roughness component. The latter roughness component, which has the highest surface slopes, is thus the primary contributor to the angular distribution of the reflected light. We show that the Kirchhoff approximation can be applied to rough metallic surfaces that have multiple scales of roughness and near-, but not perfect, Gaussian surface-height distributions.
Functional Dissection of CCR5 Coreceptor Function through the Use of CD4-Independent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains (1999)

With rare exceptions, all simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains can use CCR5 as a coreceptor along with CD4 for viral infection. In addition, many SIV strains are capable of using CCR5 as a primary receptor to infect CD4-negative cells such as rhesus brain capillary endothelial cells. By using coupled fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and infection assays, we found that even very low levels of CCR5 expression could support CD4-independent virus infection. CD4-independent viruses represent valuable tools for finely dissecting interactions between Env and CCR5 which may otherwise be masked due to the stabilization of these contacts by Env-CD4 binding. Based on the ability of SIV Env to bind to and mediate infection of cells expressing CCR5 chimeras and mutants, we identified the N terminus of CCR5 as a critical domain for direct Env binding and for supporting CD4-independent virus infection. However, the activity of N-terminal domain CCR5 mutants could be rescued by the presence of CD4, indicating that other regions of CCR5 are important for post-binding events that lead to viral entry. Rhesus CCR5 supported CD4-independent infection and direct Env binding more efficiently than did human CCR5 due to a single amino acid difference in the N terminus. Interestingly, uncleaved, oligomeric SIV Env protein bound to both CD4 and CCR5 less efficiently than did monomeric gp120. Finally, several mutations present in chronically infected monkey populations are shown to decrease the ability of CCR5 to serve as a primary viral receptor for the SIV isolates examined.