gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissolved oxygen sensor based on fluorescence quenching of oxygen-sensitive ruthenium complexes immobilized in sol–gel-derived porous silica coatings (1996)

A dissolved oxygen sensor based on the quenching of fluorescence from a ruthenium dye complex entrapped in a porous sol–gel film is reported. Sol–gel-derived silica films were fabricated by dip-coating on to planar and optical fibre substrates. The films were pre-doped with the oxygen-sensitive ruthenium complex [RII–tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)], the fluorescence of which is quenched in the presence of oxygen. The structure and behaviour of sol–gel films are dependent on the fabrication parameters. In particular, enhancement of the surface hydrophobicity increases the quenching response in water. This is achieved by using suitable proportions of modified precursors of silica of the form R(OEt)3Si, where R is an alkyl group, in the standard fabrication procedure. It is shown that by increasing the ratio of modified precursor, the quenching response in the aqueous phase increases. A very low limit of detection, 6 ppb, was determined for the modified films. Using a high-brightness blue LED, combined with a miniature photodiode detection system, these results indicate the potential for a low-cost, high-performance, portable dissolved oxygen sensor for use in many varied situations from aeration control to on-line river pollution monitoring.
Activation by Extracellular Nucleotides of Chloride Secretion in the Airway Epithelia of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (1991)

Extracellular nucleotides are effective in vivo chloride secretagogues in the nasal epithelia of patients with cystic fibrosis. The equipotency of ATP and UTP suggests that the effect is mediated by P2 nucleotide receptors. Selected nucleotides, such as UTP or nucleotide analogues, should be investigated as therapeutic agents for lung disease in cystic fibrosis.
Analysis of allele-specific contact sites of natural HLA-DR17 ligands. (1994)

The sequence motif of peptide ligands naturally associated with DR17 has indicated conserved residues at the relative positions P1-P4-P6-P 8.9 or 10. Eight naturally processed DR17 ligands were synthesized to study the role of conserved residues in DR17 binding. In their majority, they showed an excellent ability to bind to purified DR17 molecules. Binding experiments with variant peptides confirmed aspartate as the DR17-specific contact site at P4. In addition, hydrophobic or aromatic residues at P1 and P9, probably interacting with the NH2- and COOH-terminal pockets, and lysine or chemically related amino acids at P6 were important for binding. A core peptide of 10 amino acids, bordered by the terminal contact sites, is sufficient, although the ability to bind is reduced approximately 10-fold compared with the binding capacity of the natural ligand. Ala substitution of flanking stretches at either end completely restores the binding capacity to that of the natural ligand. This suggests that regions flanking the peptide core contribute to the binding strength nonspecifically, i.e., by forming H-bonds to MHC molecules. Natural DR1 and DR12 ligands like HLA-A2 (103-117) and transferrin receptor (140-156) failed to bind to DR17 molecules. However, substituting leucine for aspartate at P4 transformed DR1 and DR12 ligands into excellent DR17 binders. This conversion, enabled by a single amino acid substitution, emphasizes the importance of aspartate as the DR17-specific contact site and suggests that terminal contact residues are shared among DR1, DR12, and DR17 ligands. In contrast, additional aspartates introduced next to the contact site at P4 impaired the binding capacity. Regarding this specific role of asparate we expect that DR17-specific ligands will be rarely found among "promiscuous" peptides binding to several different DR molecules.
Hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Prevalence and significance (1993)

<h3>Background:</h3> In reports from worldwide sources, antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been observed in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current survey is designed to analyze the prevalence and significance of the relationship of HCV infection to HCC. <h3>Methods:</h3> A MEDLINE search terminating on October 1, 1991, produced 15 reports from eight nations in which the frequency of antibodies to HCV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test in HCC and control groups was obtained. Patient gender, occurrence of cirrhosis, role of alcoholism and transfusion history, and seropositivity for HCV and hepatitis B viral (HBV) markers were recorded. <h3>Results:</h3> Among 1930 patients with HCC, antibodies to HCV were found in 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37% to 57%), while HBV markers occurred in 59% (95% CI, 27% to 91%) of subjects studied; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was noted in 37% (95% CI, 18% to 56%). The odds ratio (OR) for HBV markers relative to HCV antibodies was 1.73 (95% CI, 1.52 to 1.96) and for HCV antibodies relative to HBsAg, 1.40 (95% CI, 1.23 to 1.59). Among HBsAg-positive subjects, 25% had seropositivity for HCV, but for HBsAg-negative patients, 59% were HCV antibody positive (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Male gender and cirrhosis were prominent factors (92%±7% and 88±6%, respectively). The OR for HCC in patients with antibody to HCV compared with controls was 25 (95% CI, 18 to 33). The OR comparing HCC with chronic liver disease with respect to HCV antibodies was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.65 to 1.01). We applied χ<sup>2</sup>tests to each report to detect, if present, a pattern of dominance favoring HCV, HBV markers, or HBsAg; none was observed. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The prevalence of HCV seropositivity in HCC is substantial and virtually comparable with HBV. Hepatocellular carcinoma is usually associated with chronic liver disease, which may be required for tumor transformation. Both HCV and HBV may function independently in the pathogenesis of HCC. (Arch Intern Med. 1993;153:1672-1677)
Estimating position and velocity of mobiles in a cellular radio network (1997)

Determining the position and velocity of mobiles is an important issue for hierarchical cellular networks since the efficient allocation of mobiles to large or microcells depends on its present velocity. We suggest a method of tracing a mobile by evaluating subsequent signal-strength measurements to different base stations. The required data are available in the Global System for Mobile (GSM) system. The basic idea resembles multidimensional scaling (MDS), a well-recognized method in statistical data analysis. Furthermore, the raw data are smoothed by a linear regression setup that simultaneously yields an elegant, smoothed estimator of the mobile's speed. The method is extensively tested for data generated by the simulation tool GOOSE.
Characterization of a Novel Rat Brain Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Protein (Kilon), a Member of the IgLON Cell Adhesion Molecule Family (1999)

In the central nervous system, many cell adhesion molecules are known to participate in the establishment and remodeling of the neural circuit. Some of the cell adhesion molecules are known to be anchored to the membrane by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) inserted to their C termini, and many GPI-anchored proteins are known to be localized in a Triton-insoluble membrane fraction of low density or so-called "raft." In this study, we surveyed the GPI-anchored proteins in the Triton-insoluble low density fraction from 2-week-old rat brain by solubilization with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. By Western blotting and partial peptide sequencing after the deglycosylation with peptide N-glycosidase F, the presence of Thy-1, F3/contactin, and T-cadherin was shown. In addition, one of the major proteins, having an apparent molecular mass of 36 kDa after the peptide N-glycosidase F digestion, was found to be a novel protein. The result of cDNA cloning showed that the protein is an immunoglobulin superfamily member with three C2 domains and has six putative glycosylation sites. Since this protein shows high sequence similarity to IgLON family members including LAMP, OBCAM, neurotrimin, CEPU-1, AvGP50, and GP55, we termed this protein Kilon (a kindred of IgLON). Kilon-specific monoclonal antibodies were produced, and Western blotting analysis showed that expression of Kilon is restricted to brain, and Kilon has an apparent molecular mass of 46 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in its expressed form. In brain, the expression of Kilon is already detected in E16 stage, and its level gradually increases during development. Kilon immunostaining was observed in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, in which the strongly stained puncta were observed on dendrites and soma of pyramidal neurons.
Innovative Production Optimization Technique for Smart Well Completions Using Real-Time Nodal Analysis Applications (2017)

Abstract Smart/Intelligent well completions are broadly used to maximize multilateral well productivity, restrict unwanted water and gas production, and improve sweep efficiency. To achieve the optimum economic values of smart completions, the surface and subsurface chock valves settings need to be frequently optimized using the best-in-class techniques. Applying the right optimization technique will ensure a successful and efficient optimization. The paper discusses an innovative production optimization approach using real-time modeling based on nodal analysis for multilateral wells. These multilateral wells are equipped with surface and subsurface downhole valves with various choke settings and downhole permanent pressure gauges. The technique utilizes the data collected during a conventional optimization and a commercial steady-state model. It estimates the flowing parameters of individual laterals, determines the optimum pressure drop across each downhole valve, and estimates productivity of each lateral during the commingled production at various choke valves settings. The approach was successfully field-tested and validated. The generated models were used to predict well performance at various conditions. The approach starts by collecting well rates and flowing bottom-hole pressure data at various chokes settings including commingled and individual lateral testing. The acquired data are used to calibrate the model, generate different production scenarios and optimize the performance of each lateral. Adoption of the technique among others facilitate better management of the multilateral wells production to fulfil both short and long term objectives, namely, optimizing production of these wells and improving recovery. In addition to the reduction of OPEX associated with the conventional procedures to test and optimize these wells.
Evidence for a new form of retroviral env transcript in leukemic and normal mouse lymphoid cells (1983)

Murine leukemia virus-related RNA species were examined in a set of radiation-induced T-cell leukemias from BALB/c mice. No evidence was found for linkage of viral long terminal repeat-derived (U5) sequences to information of host origin. A novel class of 2-kilobase (kb) env-related transcripts, about 1kb shorter than normal viral env messenger, was found in all the leukemias. All of the 2-kb transcripts contained sequences homologous to the xenotropic virus-related env sequences in the Friend spleen focus-forming virus, representing the N-terminal portion of gp70. In two of the leukemias, these transcripts were found to contain both ecotropic p15E and U3 sequences in addition to the xenotropic gp70-related sequence. These two leukemias, but not others in which ecotropic sequences were absent from the 2-kb RNA, harbored several copies of a specific class of env recombinant proviruses. These proviruses possessed full-size env genes and were submethylated, as shown by SmaI and XmaI digests of proviral DNA. Low levels of 2-kb RNA were found in normal thymocytes from strains BALB/c, AKR, and 129 but not from congenic 129 GIX- mice. It is possible that the 2-kb RNA may originate by a novel splicing step that removes portions of the gp70 and p15E sequences from full-length env transcripts.
Benzodiazepines and benzotriazepines as protein interaction inhibitors targeting bromodomains of the BET family (2011)

Benzodiazepines are psychoactive drugs with anxiolytic, sedative, skeletal muscle relaxant and amnestic properties. Recently triazolo-benzodiazepines have been also described as potent and highly selective protein interaction inhibitors of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins, a family of transcriptional co-regulators that play a key role in cancer cell survival and proliferation, but the requirements for high affinity interaction of this compound class with bromodomains has not been described. Here we provide insight into the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and selectivity of this versatile scaffold. In addition, using high resolution crystal structures we compared the binding mode of a series of benzodiazepine (BzD) and related triazolo-benzotriazepines (BzT) derivatives including clinically approved drugs such as alprazolam and midazolam. Our analysis revealed the importance of the 1-methyl triazolo ring system for BET binding and suggests modifications for the development of further high affinity bromodomain inhibitors.
Lactococcus lactis Expressing either Staphylococcus aureus Fibronectin-Binding Protein A or Listeria monocytogenes Internalin A Can Efficiently Internalize and Deliver DNA in Human Epithelial Cells (2009)

Lactococci are noninvasive bacteria frequently used as protein delivery vectors and, more recently, as in vitro and in vivo DNA delivery vehicles. We previously showed that a functional eukaryotic enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression plasmid vector was delivered in epithelial cells by Lactococcus lactis producing Listeria monocytogenes internalin A (L. lactis InlA(+)), but this strategy is limited in vivo to transgenic mice and guinea pigs. In this study, we compare the internalization ability of L. lactis InlA(+) and L. lactis producing either the fibronectin-binding protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (L. lactis FnBPA(+)) or its fibronectin binding domains C and D (L. lactis CD(+)). L. lactis FnBPA(+) and L. lactis InlA(+) showed comparable internalization rates in Caco-2 cells, while the internalization rate observed with L. lactis CD(+) was lower. As visualized by conventional and confocal fluorescence microscopy, large clusters of L. lactis FnBPA(+), L. lactis CD(+), and L. lactis InlA(+) were present in the cytoplasm of Caco-2 cells after internalization. Moreover, the internalization rates of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and of an NCFM mutant strain with the gene coding for the fibronectin-binding protein (fbpA) inactivated were also evaluated in Caco-2 cells. Similar low internalization rates were observed for both wild-type L. acidophilus NCFM and the fbpA mutant, suggesting that commensal fibronectin binding proteins have a role in adhesion but not in invasion. L. lactis FnBPA(+), L. lactis CD(+), and L. lactis InlA(+) were then used to deliver a eukaryotic eGFP expression plasmid in Caco-2 cells: flow cytometry analysis showed that the highest percentage of green fluorescent Caco-2 cells was observed after coculture with either L. lactis FnBPA(+) or L. lactis InlA(+). Analysis of the in vivo efficiency of these invasive recombinant strains is currently in progress to validate their potential as DNA vaccine delivery vehicles.
Fluorine‐18 labeling of peptide nucleic acids (2001)

Abstract Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are a unique class of synthetic macromolecules, originally designed as ligands for the recognition of double stranded DNA. From a chemical point of view, the deoxyribose phosphate backbone of DNA is replaced by a pseudo‐peptide N ‐(2‐aminoethyl)glycyl backbone, while the nucleobases of DNA (adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine) are retained. Due to the increasing interest in the labeling of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as potent diagnostic agents in nuclear medicine, we have used and adapted the reliable methodology developed for the fluorine‐18 labeling of oligonucleotides and have now demonstrated that it is possible to label PNAs in sufficient quantity and with high specific radioactivity for PET studies in a time compatible with the half life of fluorine‐18. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybridization Among Strains of Lactobacilli (1971)

Hybridization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from Lactobacillus bulgaricus (ATCC 11842) with DNA of L. lactis (ATCC 12315), L. helveticus (ATCC 15009), and L. jugurt (ATCC 521) showed 86.0% reassociation with L. lactis, 4.8% with L. helveticus, and none with L. jugurt.
Effectiveness of electrochemical therapy in the treatment of lung cancers of middle and late stage. (1997)

ECT is easy to use. It is effective, safe, less traumatic and makes patients recover quickly. This is a new and effective method to treat patients with tumours who are inoperable and can not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
E-ring desoxy analogs of etoposide (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTE-ring desoxy analogs of etoposideMark G. Saulnier, Dolatrai M. Vyas, David R. Langley, Terrence W. Doyle, William C. Rose, Alfred R. Crosswell, and Byron H. LongCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 7, 1418–1420Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00127a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00127a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Outbreak of Toxic Encephalopathy Caused by Eating Mussels Contaminated with Domoic Acid (1990)

In Canada in late 1987 there was an outbreak of an acute illness characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and unusual neurologic abnormalities among persons who had eaten cultivated mussels. Health departments in Canada solicited reports of this newly recognized illness. A case was defined as the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms within 24 hours or of neurologic symptoms within 48 hours of the ingestion of mussels. From the more than 250 reports received, 107 patients met the case definition. The most common symptoms were vomiting (in 76 percent of the patients), abdominal cramps (50 percent), diarrhea (42 percent), headache, often described as incapacitating (43 percent), and loss of short-term memory (25 percent). Nineteen patients were hospitalized, of whom 12 required intensive care because of seizures, coma, profuse respiratory secretions, or unstable blood pressure. Male sex and increasing age were associated independently with the risks of hospitalization and memory loss. Three patients died. Mussels associated with this illness were traced to cultivation beds in three river estuaries on the eastern coast of Prince Edward Island. Domoic acid, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter, was identified in mussels left uneaten by the patients and in mussels sampled from these estuaries. The source of the domoic acid appears to have been a form of marine vegetation, Nitzschia pungens, also identified in these waters in late 1987. The contaminated mussels from Prince Edward Island were removed from the market, and no new cases have occurred since December 1987. We conclude that the cause of this outbreak of a novel and severe intoxication was the ingestion of mussels contaminated by domoic acid, a potent excitatory neurotransmitter.
[Prognostic value of natural killer cells monitoring in the course of IFN-alpha therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C]. (2000)

The aim of this study was evaluation of the role NK cells in antiviral response and the monitoring IFN-alpha therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C. The study included 60 children between 3 and 15 years of age with chronic hepatitis C--30 treated and 30 not treated IFN-alpha (Intron A, Schering Plough). Percentage of NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+) was determined in all children using monoclonal antibodies (Becton-Dickinson) and flow cytometry before and after therapy.After IFN-alpha therapy increase of the percentage NK cells, significantly higher in children with elimination HCV RNA and decrease NK cells in children no treated was observed. These observations underline significant part NK cells in antiviral response and suggest that IFN-alpha ability to increase this cells population is an important mechanism elimination of HCV infection.Increase NK cells in children with chronic hepatitis C IFN-alpha treated may be determinate effectiveness of IFN therapy.
Cisplatin Neurotoxicity (1990)

Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent that has dramatically altered the prognosis for patients with a variety of tumors. Its promise as an anticancer agent was recognized in the mid-1960s when Rosenberg et al.1 were studying the effects of electric fields on cellular growth. They noted that Escherichia coli grown in an apparatus containing platinum electrodes elongated but did not divide. This effect was found to be due to the production of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, now commonly known as cisplatin, in the growth medium. In 1968, as the result of a leap of faith or intuition, investigators began to test cisplatin and . . .
A predictor for side effects in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with deferoxamine mesylate (1993)

In a previously reported clinical trial, patients with Alzheimer's disease were treated with deferoxamine mesylate, which resulted in a 50% reduction in the average rate of deterioration over 2 years. There were five deaths in the untreated group during the trial and no deaths in the treated group, although five of 25 treated patients reported anorexia. Deferoxamine metabolite analysis of urine for 24 hours after deferoxamine injection from sensitive and nonsensitive patients showed marked differences. Occurrence of side effects correlated with increased formation of a monoamine oxidase catalyzed (major) metabolite, MFO1. The metabolite ratio, MFO1/total metabolites, plus parent drug (TOT) showed a bimodal distribution with a mean +/- SD value of 0.68 +/- 0.06 for the nonsensitive and 0.79 +/- 0.04 for sensitive patients. The MFO1/TOT ratio discriminates between sensitive and nonsensitive patients, and we suggest that the half difference mark between the two mean values (0.735) can be used as a predictor of side effects. Patients with a MFO1/TOT ratio of greater than 0.70 would be considered at risk and observed for onset of side effects. Patients with a MFO1/TOT ratio greater than 0.80 would be considered for immediate adjunct treatment with isoniazid or other monoamine oxidase inhibitors.