gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Activity of a Selective PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, CP-673,451 (2005)

CP-673,451 is a potent inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor (PDGFR-beta) kinase- and PDGF-BB-stimulated autophosphorylation of PDGFR-beta in cells (IC(50) = 1 nmol/L) being more than 450-fold selective for PDGFR-beta versus other angiogenic receptors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, TIE-2, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2). Multiple models have been used to evaluate in vivo activity of CP-673,451 and to understand the pharmacology of PDGFR-beta inhibition and the effect on tumor growth. These models include an ex vivo measure of PDGFR-beta phosphorylation in glioblastoma tumors, a sponge model to measure inhibition of angiogenesis, and multiple models of tumor growth inhibition. Inhibition of PDGFR-beta phosphorylation in tumors correlates with plasma and tumor levels of CP-673,451. A dose of 33 mg/kg was adequate to provide >50% inhibition of receptor for 4 hours corresponding to an EC(50) of 120 ng/mL in plasma at C(max). In a sponge angiogenesis model, CP-673,451 inhibited 70% of PDGF-BB-stimulated angiogenesis at a dose of 3 mg/kg (q.d. x 5, p.o., corresponding to 5.5 ng/mL at C(max)). The compound did not inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor- or basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis at concentrations which inhibited tumor growth. The antitumor efficacy of CP-673,451 was evaluated in a number of human tumor xenografts grown s.c. in athymic mice, including H460 human lung carcinoma, Colo205 and LS174T human colon carcinomas, and U87MG human glioblastoma multiforme. Once-daily p.o. x 10 days dosing routinely inhibited tumor growth (ED(50) < or = 33 mg/kg). These data show that CP-673,451 is a pharmacologically selective PDGFR inhibitor, inhibits tumor PDGFR-beta phosphorylation, selectively inhibits PDGF-BB-stimulated angiogenesis in vivo, and causes significant tumor growth inhibition in multiple human xenograft models.
Three-dimensional rotation electron diffraction: softwareREDfor automated data collection and data processing (2013)

Implementation of a computer program package for automated collection and processing of rotation electron diffraction (RED) data is described. The software package contains two computer programs: <i>RED</i> data collection and <i>RED</i> data processing. The <i>RED</i> data collection program controls the transmission electron microscope and the camera. Electron beam tilts at a fine step (0.05-0.20°) are combined with goniometer tilts at a coarse step (2.0-3.0°) around a common tilt axis, which allows a fine relative tilt to be achieved between the electron beam and the crystal in a large tilt range. An electron diffraction (ED) frame is collected at each combination of beam tilt and goniometer tilt. The <i>RED</i> data processing program processes three-dimensional ED data generated by the <i>RED</i> data collection program or by other approaches. It includes shift correction of the ED frames, peak hunting for diffraction spots in individual ED frames and identification of these diffraction spots as reflections in three dimensions. Unit-cell parameters are determined from the positions of reflections in three-dimensional reciprocal space. All reflections are indexed, and finally a list with <i>hkl</i> indices and intensities is output. The data processing program also includes a visualizer to view and analyse three-dimensional reciprocal lattices reconstructed from the ED frames. Details of the implementation are described. Data collection and data processing with the software <i>RED</i> are demonstrated using a calcined zeolite sample, silicalite-1. The structure of the calcined silicalite-1, with 72 unique atoms, could be solved from the RED data by routine direct methods.
Chemokine networks in vivo: involvement of C-X-C and C-C chemokines in neutrophil extravasation in vivo in response to TNF-alpha (1997)

In this study, we have evaluated the role of specific chemotactic cytokines in leukocyte recruitment to s.c. tissue in response to TNF-alpha in vivo. Injection of TNF-alpha into s.c. air pouches led to a rapid, transient accumulation of leukocytes. Maximal accumulation of leukocytes in the air pouch was observed at between 2 and 4 h after injection of TNF-alpha. The cellular exudate comprised predominantly neutrophils, with smaller numbers of eosinophils and mononuclear phagocytes also being recruited. However, lymphocyte recruitment was not observed. TNF-alpha injection induced a time-dependent increase in the levels of immunoreactive macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, MIP-1alpha, and JE in the pouch exudate as well as increased steady-state mRNA levels of KC, MIP-2, MIP-1alpha, and JE in the tissue lining the s.c. pouch and of MIP-2, MIP-1alpha, and JE in the exudate cell population. Passive immunization with specific Abs directed against each of these chemokines significantly inhibited the accumulation of neutrophils, mononuclear phagocytes, and eosinophils in response to TNF-alpha. Taken together, these data demonstrate the existence of a chemokine network in vivo involving at least four individual chemokines that regulates recruitment of the major peripheral blood granulocytes and mononuclear phagocytes to s.c. sites during acute inflammation. To our knowledge, these data are also the first demonstration that the C-C chemokine JE is involved in neutrophil recruitment in a physiologic system in vivo.
Identification of factors influencing strand bias in oligonucleotide-mediated recombination in Escherichia coli (2003)

Recombinogenic engineering methodology, also known as recombineering, utilizes homologous recombination to create targeted changes in cellular DNA with great specificity and flexibility. In Escherichia coli, the Red recombination system from bacteriophage lambda has been used successfully to modify both plasmid and chromosomal DNA in a highly efficient manner, using either a linear double-stranded DNA fragment or a synthetic single-stranded oligonucleotide (SSO). The current model for Red/SSO-mediated recombination involves the SSO first annealing to a transient, single-stranded region of DNA before being incorporated into the chromosome or plasmid target. It has been observed previously, in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, that mutations in the two strands of the DNA double helix are 'corrected' by complementary SSOs with differing efficiencies. Here we investigate further the factors that influence the strand bias as well as the overall efficiency of Red/SSO-mediated recombination in E.coli. We show that the direction of DNA replication and the nature of the SSO-encoded mismatch are the main factors dictating the recombinational strand bias. However, the influence that the SSO-encoded mismatch exerts upon the recombinational strand bias is abolished in E.coli strains that are defective in mismatch repair (MMR). This reflects the fact that different base-base mispairs are corrected by the mutS/H/L-dependent MMR pathway with differing efficiencies. Furthermore, our data indicate that transcription has negligible influence on the strand bias. These results demonstrate for the first time that the interplay between DNA replication and MMR has a major effect on the efficiency and strand bias of Red/SSO-mediated recombination in E.coli.
Immunoglobulin Activation of T Cell Chemoattractant Expression in Fibroblasts from Patients with Graves’ Disease Is Mediated Through the Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor Pathway (2003)

Graves' disease (GD) is associated with T cell infiltration, but the mechanism for lymphocyte trafficking has remained uncertain. We reported previously that fibroblasts from patients with GD express IL-16, a CD4-specific chemoattractant, and RANTES, a C-C chemokine, in response to GD-specific IgG (GD-IgG). We unexpectedly found that these responses result from a functional interaction between GD-IgG and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptor (IGF-IR). IGF-I and the IGF-IR-specific IGF-I analog, des(1-3), mimic the effects of GD-IgG. Neither GD-IgG nor IGF-I activates chemoattractant expression in control fibroblasts from donors without GD. Interrupting IGF-IR function with specific receptor-blocking Abs or by transiently transfecting fibroblasts with a dominant negative mutant IGF-IR completely attenuates signaling provoked by GD-IgG. Moreover, GD-IgG displaces specific (125)I-labeled IGF-I binding to fibroblasts and attenuates IGF-IR detection by flow cytometry. These findings identify a novel disease mechanism involving a functional GD-IgG/IGF-IR bridge, which potentially explains T cell infiltration in GD. Interrupting this pathway may constitute a specific therapeutic strategy.
PLEIOTROPIC MUTATIONS AT THE TUP1 LOCUS THAT AFFECT THE EXPRESSION OF MATING-TYPE-DEPENDENT FUNCTIONS IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (1980)

The umr7-1 mutation, previously identified in a set of mutants that had been selected for defective UV-induced mutagenesis at CAN1, affects other cellular functions, including many of those regulated by the mating-type locus (MAT) in heterothallic Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The recessive umr7-1 allele, mapping approximately 20 cM distal to thr4 on chromosome III, causes clumpy growth in both a and alpha cells and has no apparent effect on a mating functions. However, alpha umr7 meiotic segregants fail to express several alpha-specific functions (e.g., high-frequency conjugation with a strains, secretion of the hormone alpha-factor and response to the hormone a-factor). In addition, alpha umr7 cells exhibit some a-specific characteristics, such as the barrier phenotype (Bar(+)) that prevents diffusion of alpha-factor and an increased mating frequency with alpha strains. The most striking property of alpha umr7 strains is their altered morphology, in which mitotic cells develop an asymmetric pear shape, like that of normal a cells induced to form "shmoos" by interaction with alpha-factor. Some a/alpha-specific diploid functions are also affected by umr7; instead of polar budding patterns, a/alpha umr7/umr7 diploids have medial budding like a/a, alpha/alpha and haploid strains. Moreover, a/alpha umr7/umr7 diploids have lost the ability to sporulate and are Bar(+) like a or a/a strains. Revertant studies indicate that umr7-1 is a single point mutation. The umr7 mutant fails to complement mutants of both tup1 (selected for deoxythymidine monophosphate utilization) and cyc9 (selected for high iso-2-cytochrome c levels), and all three isolates have similar genetic and phenotypic properties. It is suggested that the product of this gene plays some common central role in the complex regulation of the expression of both MAT-dependent and MAT-independent functions.
Relaxin: Antifibrotic Properties and Effects in Models of Disease (2005)

Fibrosis (progressive scarring) is a leading cause of organ failure worldwide and causes loss of organ function when normal tissue is replaced with excess connective tissue. Several organs are prone to this process regardless of etiology. The pleiotropic hormone, relaxin, is emerging as a novel antifibrotic therapy. Relaxin has been shown to limit collagen production and reorganization, while stimulating increased collagen degradation. It not only prevents fibrogenesis, but also reduces established scarring. This review summarizes (1) the levels at which relaxin inhibits collagen production and existing collagen overexpression in induced models of fibrosis, and (2) the collagen-related phenotypes of relaxin- and LGR7-deficient mice. Recent studies on relaxin-deficient mice have established relaxin as an important, naturally occurring regulator of collagen turnover and provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of relaxin.
Botulinum toxin for achalasia: Long-term outcome and predictors of response (1996)

Botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for achalasia in about two thirds of patients, with a duration of response averaging 1.3 years. Age and type of achalasia seem to be important predictors of response.
Latent Blue and Red Fluorophores Based on the Trimethyl Lock (2006)

Unlocking fluorescence. The “trimethyl lock” is an effective way to mask structurally diverse fluorescent molecules for the preparation of fluorogenic enzyme substrates. These novel probes exhibit remarkable stability in water, and this makes them useful for a variety of biochemical and biological applications.
Automatic retinal blood flow calculation using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (2007)

Optical Doppler tomography (ODT) is a branch of optical coherence tomography (OCT) that can measure the speed of a blood flow by measuring the Doppler shift impinged on the probing sample light by the moving blood cells. However, the measured speed of blood flow is a function of the Doppler angle, which needs to be determined in order to calculate the absolute velocity of the blood flow inside a vessel. We developed a technique that can extract the Doppler angle from the 3D data measured with spectral-domain OCT, which needs to extract the lateral and depth coordinates of a vessel in each measured ODT and OCT image. The lateral coordinates and the diameter of a blood vessel were first extracted in each OCT structural image by using the technique of blood vessel shadowgram, a technique first developed by us for enhancing the retinal blood vessel contrast in the en face view of the 3D OCT. The depth coordinate of a vessel was then determined by using a circular averaging filter moving in the depth direction along the axis passing through the vessel center in the ODT image. The Doppler angle was then calculated from the extracted coordinates of the blood vessel. The technique was applied in blood flow measurements in retinal blood vessels, which has potential impact on the study and diagnosis of blinding diseases like glaucoma.
Siliceous Nanopods from a Compromised Dual‐Templating Approach (2007)

Like a silkworm cocoon: Siliceous nanostructures that resemble silkworm cocoons with inner multishells and outer well-oriented nanochannels have been synthesized by simultaneous compromised vesicle templating and liquid-crystal templating methods (see picture). CTA+=cetyltrimethylammonium; PFO−=perfluorooctanoate. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z703628_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Deae-Dextran and Polybrene Cation Enhancement and Dextran Sulfate Anion Inhibition of Immune Cytolysis (1972)

Abstract The polycations DEAE-dextran and polybrene enhanced the sensitivity of the dye exclusion cytotoxic test performed on mouse spleen cells, whereas the anion dextran sulfate had an inhibitory effect. Dextran sulfate prevented the enhancing effect of the polycations when admixed before incubation of the cells and reversed the polycation effect when added after the sensitization had taken place. The in vitro infection of fibroblasts with murine leukemia virus was largely influenced in the same way, indicating a similarity of the membrane processes involved.
Chemical Biology of Epothilones (1998)

Only a few months after the disclosure of the absolute configuration of epothilones A (R=H, see picture on the right) and B (R=Me) the first total syntheses of these natural products were reported. Interest intensified with the realization of their potential as anticancer agents with a taxol-like mechanism of action. In addition to describing the most important total syntheses and biological properties of the naturally occurring epothilones A-E, this review also provides a systematic overview of numerous epothilone analogues that have been modified in the A-D regions in order to obtain information about structure-activity relationships.
Neuromodulation in the Management of Voiding Dysfunction in Children (1992)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAmerican Urological Association Lecture1 Aug 1992Neuromodulation in the Management of Voiding Dysfunction in Children Emil A. Tanagho Emil A. TanaghoEmil A. Tanagho View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)36684-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1992 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByHagstroem S, Mahler B, Madsen B, Djurhuus J and Rittig S (2009) Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Refractory Daytime Urinary Urge IncontinenceJournal of Urology, VOL. 182, NO. 4S, (2072-2078), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2009.Roth T, Vandersteen D, Hollatz P, Inman B and Reinberg Y (2018) Sacral Neuromodulation for the Dysfunctional Elimination Syndrome: A Single Center Experience With 20 ChildrenJournal of Urology, VOL. 180, NO. 1, (306-311), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2008.Humphreys M, Vandersteen D, Slezak J, Hollatz P, Smith C, Smith J and Reinberg Y (2018) Preliminary Results of Sacral Neuromodulation in 23 ChildrenJournal of Urology, VOL. 176, NO. 5, (2227-2231), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2006.De GENNARO M, CAPITANUCCI M, MASTRACCI P, SILVERI M, GATTI C and MOSIELLO G (2018) Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Neuromodulation is Well Tolerated in Children and Effective for Treating Refractory Vesical DysfunctionJournal of Urology, VOL. 171, NO. 5, (1911-1913), Online publication date: 1-May-2004.GUYS J, HADDAD M, PLANCHE D, TORRE M, LOUIS-BORRIONE C and BREAUD J (2018) SACRAL NEUROMODULATION FOR NEUROGENIC BLADDER DYSFUNCTION IN CHILDRENJournal of Urology, VOL. 172, NO. 4 Part 2, (1673-1676), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2004.HOEBEKE P, VAN LAECKE E, EVERAERT K, RENSON C, De PAEPE H, RAES A and VANDE WALLE J (2018) TRANSCUTANEOUS NEUROMODULATION FOR THE URGE SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: A PILOT STUDYJournal of Urology, VOL. 166, NO. 6, (2416-2419), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2001.Greenfield S (2018) EDITORIAL: THE OVERACTIVE BLADDER IN CHILDHOODJournal of Urology, VOL. 163, NO. 2, (578-579), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2000.BRAUN P, BOSCHERT J, BROSS S, SCHEEPE J, ALKEN P and JUENEMANN P (2018) TAILORED LAMINECTOMY: A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR NEUROMODULATOR IMPLANTATIONJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 5, (1607-1609), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1999. Volume 148Issue 2 Part 2August 1992Page: 655-657 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1992 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Keywordsurinary incontinencebladder, neurogenicanimals, laboratoryMetricsAuthor Information Emil A. Tanagho More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cutting Edge: C3, a Key Component of Complement Activation, Is Not Required for the Development of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice (2001)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS, is regarded as an experimental model for multiple sclerosis. The complement has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. To clarify the role of C in mouse EAE, we immunized mice deficient in C3 (C3(-/-)) and their wild-type (C3(+/+)) littermates with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35-55. C3(-/-) mice were susceptible to EAE as much as the C3(+/+) mice were. No differences were found for the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma between C3(+/+) and C3(-/-) mice. This finding shows that C3, a key component in C activation, is not essential in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide-induced EAE in mice.
The lunar orbiter laser altimeter (LOLA) on NASA's lunar reconnaissance orbiter (LRO) mission (2007)

The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument on NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission, scheduled to launch in October 2008, will provide a precise global lunar topographic map using laser altimetry. LOLA uses short pulses from a single laser through a Diffractive Optical Element (DOE) to produce a five-beam pattern that illuminates the lunar surface. For each beam, LOLA measures the time of flight (range), pulse spreading (surface roughness), and transmit/return energy (surface reflectance). LOLA will produce a high-resolution global topographic model and global geodetic framework that enables precise targeting, safe landing, and surface mobility to carry out exploratory activities. In addition, it will characterize the polar illumination environment, and image permanently shadowed polar regions of the lunar surface to identify possible locations of surface ice crystals in shadowed polar craters.
Impact of the new WHO classification and diagnostic criteria (1999)

The World Health Organisation (WHO) [1] consultation group and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) [2] have recently published revised criteria for the classification and diagnosis of diabetes. If widely implemented, these recommendations, together with earlier and improved treatment, could have a profound impact on the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. The changes in classification stem from an increased knowledge of the aetiology and pathogenesis of diabetes, which signals the move away from a classification system based on pharmacological dependency towards one that is based on the underlying causes of the disease.
l-Arginine given after ischaemic preconditioning can enhance cardioprotection in isolated rat hearts (2001)

Inhibition of NO synthase with L-NAME had little impact on ischaemic preconditioning, suggesting that endogenous NO is not a major mediator of ischaemic preconditioning. Nevertheless, enhancement of the effects of ischaemic preconditioning can be achieved with L-arginine, a precursor of NO, improving post-ischaemic functional recovery and infarct size in the isolated rat heart.
Growth Plate Reconstruction Using Chondrocyte Allograft Transplants (1987)

There is, as yet, no successful replacement for a completely damaged physis. In a test of the usefulness of allograft replacement of the plate, growth plate chondrocytes were transplanted to a defect in the proximal tibial growth plate. The defect remained after resection of a bony bridge that was created in rabbits. Seven of 10 rabbits at 3 weeks and six of 8 rabbits at 6 weeks after transplantation showed resumption of growth and prevented progression of the tibial deformity. Killed epiphyseal cells, on the other hand, were rapidly replaced by bone. It is not clear whether the transplanted live cells actually grew or served as a living, but inert filler.
Alopecia areata, autoimmunity, and Down's syndrome. (1975)

Alopecia areata occurs more often in Down's syndrome than would be expected by chance, sixty cases being found among 1000 patients with this syndrome compared with one case among 1000 subnormal controls. Because alopecia areata is associated with some organ-specific autoimmune disease and thyroid antibodies are often found in Down's syndrome sera from affected patients were examined for the presence of fluorescent autoantibodies. Antibodies against thyroid components tended to be present in female mongols with alopecia areata in comparison with females in a normal population but not in male mongols. Futhermore, eight out of 23 female mongols (35%) with alopecia areata had antibodies against thyroid components compared with two out of 23 female mongols (9%) without alopecia areata.
TOPOGRAPHY OF GLYCOSYLATION IN THE ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM AND GOLGI APPARATUS (1987)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More