gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and analysis of 506BD, a high-affinity ligand for the immunophilin FKBP (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and analysis of 506BD, a high-affinity ligand for the immunophilin FKBPPatricia K. Somers, Thomas J. Wandless, and Stuart L. SchreiberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 21, 8045–8056Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00021a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00021a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views759Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Construction of ELISA System to Quantify Human ST2 Protein in Sera of Patients (2000)

The human ST2 gene can be specifically induced by growth stimulation in fibroblastic cells, and can also be induced by antigen stimulation in Th2 cells. The gene encodes a soluble secreted protein, ST2, and a transmembrane protein, ST2L, which are closely related to the interleukin-1 receptor. To gain insight into the biological roles of the ST2 gene, three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against human ST2 gene products were obtained. To obtain these antibodies, immunization was carried out using two different immunogens: purified soluble human ST2 protein (hST2), and COS7 cells, which express the extracellular portion of human ST2L. 2A5 and FB9 MAbs were derived from the immunization with soluble hST2, and HB12 was derived from the COS7 cell immunization. All three antibodies were shown to detect native forms of the human ST2 gene products by immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the competitive ELISA using biotinylated and nonlabelled MAbs, neither FB9 nor HB12 affected the binding of 2A5 to ST2 gene products. Based on this result, we constructed a sandwich ELISA system using 2A5 and FB9 to measure the concentration of soluble hST2 in sera. The ELISA, combined with the flow cytometry using these antibodies, will be a useful tool for elucidating the functions of human ST2 gene products in individuals.
Antigen targeting to dendritic cells elicits long-lived T cell help for antibody responses (2006)

Resistance to several prevalent infectious diseases requires both cellular and humoral immune responses. T cell immunity is initiated by mature dendritic cells (DCs) in lymphoid organs, whereas humoral responses to most antigens require further collaboration between primed, antigen-specific helper T cells and naive or memory B cells. To determine whether antigens delivered to DCs in lymphoid organs induce T cell help for antibody responses, we targeted a carrier protein, ovalbumin (OVA), to DCs in the presence of a maturation stimulus and assayed for antibodies to a hapten, (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP), after boosting with OVA-NP. A single DC-targeted immunization elicited long-lived T cell helper responses to the carrier protein, leading to large numbers of antibody-secreting cells and high titers of high-affinity antihapten immunoglobulin Gs. Small doses of DC-targeted OVA induced higher titers and a broader spectrum of anti-NP antibody isotypes than large doses of OVA in alum adjuvant. Similar results were obtained when the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium yoelii was delivered to DCs. We conclude that antigen targeting to DCs combined with a maturation stimulus produces broad-based and long-lived T cell help for humoral immune responses.
Affinity-chromatography purification of alkaline phosphatase from calf intestine (1975)

A crude preparation of alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) from calf intestinal mucosa was purified by affinity chromatography on Sepharose-bound derivatives of arsanilic acid, which was found to be a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme. Three biospecific adsorbents were prepared for the chromatography, and the best results were obtained with a tyraminyl-Sepharose derivative coupled with the diazonium salt derived from 4-(p-aminophenylazo)phenylarsonic acid. Alkaline phosphatase was the only enzyme retained by the affinity column in the absence of Pi. The enzyme eluted by phosphate buffer had a specific activity of about 1200 units per mg of protein at pH 10.0, with 5.5mM-p-nitrophenyl phosphate as the substrate.
Antimicrobial properties of liposomal polymyxin B (1999)

The pulmonary residence time of polymyxin B has been shown to be substantially increased when administered as a liposomal formulation. The use of this system to improve the treatment of cystic fibrosis lung infections requires that the antimicrobial activity of polymyxin B is unaffected by the encapsulation process. To verify that activity against the target organism, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was retained, the bactericidal activity and MICs of both free and encapsulated polymyxin B were determined. The roles of liposomal surface characteristics in determining interactions with bacterial cell surfaces were also investigated. Encapsulation of polymyxin B was reduced when the positively charged amphiphile, stearylamine (SA) was present, with entrapment efficiencies being lower than with neutral (egg phosphatidylcholine, EPC) or negatively charged (egg phosphatidylcholine:dicetylphosphate, EPC:DCP) formulations (EPC, 45.41% +/- 0.51%; EPC:DCP 9:1, 50.81% +/- 0.79%; EPC:SA 9:1, 31.92% +/- 2.08%, n x 3). The bactericidal activities were compared, and it was found that polymyxin B retained antimicrobial activity after encapsulation. At a polymyxin B concentration of 0.3 mg/L, both positively and negatively charged liposomal polymyxin B formulations, and free drug, killed all cells after 1 h. In contrast, neutral liposome formulations did not significantly decrease the surviving cell fraction. At 0.1 mg/L, fewer cells were killed, and all liposomal formulations produced a reduction in cell numbers, which was not significantly different from free drug. It was found that the MICs of liposomal formulations were attributable to the free drug concentration achieved through release of entrapped polymyxin B. Enhanced activity was seen only with positively charged EPC:SA liposomes and those containing distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) as the bulk phospholipid. This is likely to be the result of favourable electrostatic interactions and increased liposome:cell ratios respectively. In summary, liposome encapsulation of polymyxin B was not detrimental to antimicrobial activity, and liposome surface properties and release characteristics were important in determining interactions with bacterial cells.
Pyridone 6, A Pan-Janus–Activated Kinase Inhibitor, Induces Growth Inhibition of Multiple Myeloma Cells (2006)

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the subsequent Janus-activated kinase (JAK)-dependent signaling pathways play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Here, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of a novel pan-JAK inhibitor, tetracyclic pyridone 6 (P6), with that of AG490 in a panel of myeloma-derived cell lines. P6 induced growth arrest and subsequent apoptosis of the IL-6-dependent hybridoma and myeloma-derived cell lines (B9 and INA-6) grown either in IL-6-containing medium or in the presence of bone marrow–derived stromal cells (BMSC) using much lower concentrations of drug and with significantly faster kinetics than AG490. Myeloma-derived cell lines, which either express constitutively activated JAK/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 3 (U266) or are IL-6 growth stimulated (KMS11), are partially growth inhibited by P6. However, P6 does not inhibit the growth of myeloma-derived cell lines lacking activated JAKs/STATs nor does it inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase activity compared with AG490, which led to activation of ERK and induced robust apoptosis of all the examined cell lines. Finally, P6 inhibited the growth of primary myeloma patient samples grown in the presence of BMSCs. Thus, P6 is a more sensitive and specific inhibitor of JAK-STAT3 activity compared with AG490 and potently inhibited the growth of primary myeloma cells and myeloma-derived cell lines grown on BMSCs. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(19): 9714-21)
Increased risk for flap dislocation with perioperative brimonidine use in femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (2009)

Brimonidine prevented the formation of subconjunctival hemorrhages after femtosecond LASIK but increased the risk for flap dislocation. Thus, surgeons are cautioned against the use of perioperative brimonidine to decrease hemorrhagic complications in femtosecond LASIK.
Capture of MicroRNA–Bound mRNAs Identifies the Tumor Suppressor miR-34a as a Regulator of Growth Factor Signaling (2011)

A simple biochemical method to isolate mRNAs pulled down with a transfected, biotinylated microRNA was used to identify direct target genes of miR-34a, a tumor suppressor gene. The method reidentified most of the known miR-34a regulated genes expressed in K562 and HCT116 cancer cell lines. Transcripts for 982 genes were enriched in the pull-down with miR-34a in both cell lines. Despite this large number, validation experiments suggested that ~90% of the genes identified in both cell lines can be directly regulated by miR-34a. Thus miR-34a is capable of regulating hundreds of genes. The transcripts pulled down with miR-34a were highly enriched for their roles in growth factor signaling and cell cycle progression. These genes form a dense network of interacting gene products that regulate multiple signal transduction pathways that orchestrate the proliferative response to external growth stimuli. Multiple candidate miR-34a-regulated genes participate in RAS-RAF-MAPK signaling. Ectopic miR-34a expression reduced basal ERK and AKT phosphorylation and enhanced sensitivity to serum growth factor withdrawal, while cells genetically deficient in miR-34a were less sensitive. Fourteen new direct targets of miR-34a were experimentally validated, including genes that participate in growth factor signaling (ARAF and PIK3R2) as well as genes that regulate cell cycle progression at various phases of the cell cycle (cyclins D3 and G2, MCM2 and MCM5, PLK1 and SMAD4). Thus miR-34a tempers the proliferative and pro-survival effect of growth factor stimulation by interfering with growth factor signal transduction and downstream pathways required for cell division.
An extremely thermostable aldolase from Sulfolobus solfataricus with specificity for non-phosphorylated substrates (1999)

Sulfolobus solfataricus is a hyperthermophilic archaeon growing optimally at 80-85 degrees C. It metabolizes glucose via a novel non-phosphorylated Entner-Doudoroff pathway, in which the reversible C(6) to C(3) aldol cleavage is catalysed by 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase (KDG-aldolase), generating pyruvate and glyceraldehyde. Given the ability of such a hyperstable enzyme to catalyse carbon-carbon-bond synthesis with non-phosphorylated metabolites, we report here the cloning and sequencing of the S. solfataricus gene encoding KDG-aldolase, and its expression in Escherichia coli to give fully active enzyme. The recombinant enzyme was purified in a simple two-step procedure, and shown to possess kinetic properties indistinguishable from the enzyme purified from S. solfataricus cells. The KDG-aldolase is a thermostable tetrameric protein with a half-life at 100 degrees C of 2.5 h, and is equally active with both d- and l-glyceraldehyde. It exhibits sequence similarity to the N-acetylneuraminate lyase superfamily of Schiff-base-dependent aldolases, dehydratases and decarboxylases, and evidence is presented for a similar catalytic mechanism for the archaeal enzyme by substrate-dependent inactivation by reduction with NaBH(4).
A mills cross multiplicative array with the power pattern of a conventional planar array (2007)

The Mills Cross can be used to obtain a multiplicative pattern equal to the power pattern of a conventional planar array but with fewer elements. As the array sizes increase the saving in elements as given by the thinning factor T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</sub> , also increases, with significant savings for large arrays. Moreover, the multiplicative T-array can do the same but with approximately frac34 of the number of elements needed by the Mills Cross. Finally, those arrays can be used to simulate a planar array with any power pattern of the factorable form given by equation in Elliot, R. S. (1981).
The use of a new bioresorbable barrier for guided bone regeneration in connection with implant installation. Case reports. (1994)

This report presents 4 cases with 6 implant exposures after the installation of Brånemark System implants which called for treatment applying the guided bone regeneration technique. A bioresorbable barrier (GUIDOR Matrix Barrier) was used to cover the defects, 4 defects with and 2 without the support of autologous bone chips. Complete bone filling was found in 4 (2 without and 2 with bone chips) and partial filling in 2 (with bone chips) of the treated defects, as registered at the abutment connection 6-7 months after surgery. Besides its ability to serve as a barrier for guided bone regeneration, it was found that the matrix barrier had the following properties; biocompatibility observed as uneventful tissue healing, malleability facilitating the clinical handling and ability to be resorbed within 6 to 7 months, as evaluated by clinical inspection. The observations of the present case reports indicate that the tested barrier may be used for guided bone regeneration in connection with implant installation. It is advisable, however, to use a supporting material to prevent barrier collapse, although bone regeneration can be achieved in certain situations without such material if the defect morphology is favourable.
Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixture of Polymethylmethacrylate with Acetic Acid (2010)

Solution is prepared by mixing Polymethylmethacrylate in solid form with acetic acid, which at differentconcentration were used to measure density, viscosity & ultrasonic velocity in the temperature range 300C-650C,using ultrasonic interferometer at 1MHz. Using these measured values of density, viscosity & sound velocity,different parameters like, adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance and relaxation time have been measuredfor solution of polymethylmethacrylate with acetic acid under different conditions of temperature andconcentration. Variations of above parameters with respect to temperature and concentration have beendiscussed in terms of molecular interactions.
Identification of receptor ligands and receptor subtypes using antagonists in a capillary electrophoresis single-cell biosensor separation system. (1995)

A capillary electrophoresis system with single-cell biosensors as a detector has been used to separate and identify ligands in complex biological samples. The power of this procedure was significantly increased by introducing antagonists that inhibited the cellular response from selected ligand-receptor interactions. The single-cell biosensor was based on the ligand-receptor binding and G-protein-mediated signal transduction pathways in PC12 and NG108-15 cell lines. Receptor activation was measured as increases in cytosolic free calcium ion concentration by using fluorescence microscopy with the intracellular calcium ion indicator fluo-3-acetoxymethyl ester. Specifically, a mixture of bradykinin (BK) and acetylcholine (ACh) was fractionated and the components were identified by inhibiting the cellular response with icatibant (HOE 140), a selective antagonist to the BK B2 receptor subtype (B2BK), and atropine, an antagonist to muscarinic ACh receptor subtypes. Structurally related forms of BK were also identified based on inhibiting B2BK receptors. Applications of this technique include identification of endogenous BK in a lysate of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Hep G2) and screening for bioactivity of BK degradation products in human blood plasma. The data demonstrate that the use of antagonists with a single-cell biosensor separation system aids identification of separated components and receptor subtypes.
Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in ruptured atherosclerotic plaques (2000)

This paper reports what is apparently the first observation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in association with Chlamydia pneumoniae in thrombosed ruptured atheromas. We performed electron microscopy and in situ hybridization in specimens from three patients who died of acute myocardial infarction. These patients had typical symptoms of acute ischemic syndrome. Mycoplasmas were present mainly in the lipid core of the ruptured thrombosed plaque. Vulnerable atheromas are rich in cholesterol and may favor the growth of mycoplasmas, the only microorganisms that require cholesterol for survival. We suggest that the association of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae may increase the virulence of these microorganisms, favoring proliferation, plaque inflammation and possibly plaque rupture.
Design of low-energy neutron beams for boron neutron capture synovectomy (1997)

A novel application of the <SUP>10</SUP>B(n, (alpha) )<SUP>7</SUP>Li nuclear reaction for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is under development. this application, called Boron Neutron Capture Synovectomy (BNCS), is briefly described here and the differences between BNCS and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) are discussed in detail. These differences lead to substantially altered demands on neutron beam design for each therapy application. In this paper the considerations for neutron beam design for the treatment of arthritic joints via BNCS are discussed, and comparisons with the design requirements for BNCT are made. This is followed by a description of potential moderator/reflector assemblies that are calculated to produce intense, high- quality neutron beams based on the <SUP>7</SUP>Li(p,n) accelerator- based reactions. Total therapy time and therapeutic ratios are given as a function of both moderator length and boron concentration. Finally, a means of carrying out multi- directional irradiations of arthritic joints is proposed.
Localized surface plasmon singularities in amplifying media (2004)

The localized surface plasmon resonance of nanostructures is shown to exhibit a singularity when the surrounding medium exhibits amplification with a critical value of gain. This singularity can lead to large enhancements even when the gain is saturated. This composite medium should exhibit strong scattering within the plasmon band leading to low threshold random laser action and light localization effects. This effect could also greatly increase surface enhanced Raman scattering signals for rapid single, molecule detection, identification and sequencing.
Characterization of pectin methylesterase B, an outer membrane lipoprotein of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937 (1996)

The secretion of extracellular pectinases, among which there are least six isoenzymes of pectate lyase and one pectin methylesterase, allows the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi to degrade pectin. A gene coding for a novel pectin methylesterase has been cloned from an E. chrysanthemi strain 3937 gene library. This gene, pemB, codes for a 433-amino-acid protein. The PemB N-terminal region has the characteristics of lipoprotein signal sequences. We have shown that the PemB precursor is processed and that palmitate is incorporated into the mature protein. The PemB lipoprotein is not released into the extracellular medium and is localized in the outer membrane. The PemB sequence presents homology with other pectin methylesterases from bacterial and plant origin. pemB-like proteins were detected in four other E. chrysanthemi strains but not in Erwinia carotovora strains. PemB was overproduced in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. PemB activity is strongly increased by non-ionic detergents. The enzyme is more active on methylated oligogalacturonides than on pectin, and it is necessary for the growth of the bacteria on oligomeric substrates. PemB is more probably involved in the degradation of methylated oligogalacturonides present in the periplasm of the bacteria, rather than in a direct action on extracellular pectin. pemB expression is inducible in the presence of pectin and is controlled by the negative regulator KdgR.
The murine flg gene encodes a receptor for fibroblast growth factor. (1990)

The human flg gene has been previously shown to encode a tyrosine kinase whose transcription in endothelial cells is regulated by the fibroblast growth factor (FGF). We report the cloning and sequencing of the murine flg which revealed that the full length transcript encodes a transmembrane receptor-like protein. The extracellular portion is composed of three homologous immunoglobulin-like domains, resembling the organization of the receptor for interleukin-1, and the cytoplasmic domain displays unique organization of tyrosine kinase sequences. An anti-peptide antibody directed to the carboxy-terminus of the flg protein recognized three fibroblast-cell proteins (p150, p130 and p105), that undergo phosphorylation in the immune-complex. Moreover, the antibody specifically immunoprecipitated two proteins (p145 and p120) that were covalently crosslinked to basic FGF, but only one (p155) of the two molecular forms of the receptor for acidic FGF. In situ hybridization analysis of mouse embryos (12.5 days p.c.) indicated that flg is transcribed in the prospective brain, areas of the face and the vertebral column. The latter exhibited progressive cranio-caudal concentration into the intervertebral discs. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the flg gene encodes a receptor for fibroblast growth factor(s).
Protein Glycoengineering Enabled by the Versatile Synthesis of Aminooxy Glycans and the Genetically Encoded Aldehyde Tag (2011)

Homogeneously glycosylated proteins are important targets for fundamental research and for biopharmaceutical development. The use of unnatural protein-glycan linkages bearing structural similarity to their native counterparts can accelerate the synthesis of glycoengineered proteins. Here we report an approach toward generating homogeneously glycosylated proteins that involves chemical attachment of aminooxy glycans to recombinantly produced proteins via oxime linkages. We employed the recently introduced aldehyde tag method to obtain a recombinant protein with the aldehyde-bearing formylglycine residue at a specific site. Complex aminooxy glycans were synthesized using a new route that features N-pentenoyl hydroxamates as key intermediates that can be readily elaborated chemically and enzymatically. We demonstrated the method by constructing site-specifically glycosylated variants of the human growth hormone.