gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Re-examination of Rattus norvegicus as an animal model for Aeromonas-associated enteritis in man. (1991)

We have developed an oral feeding model for Aeromonas hydrophila enteritis using Rattus norvegicus with clindamycin pretreatment. All animals in the clindamycin group developed a self-limited, loose stool by day four of feeding. Intestinal examination revealed evidence of enteritis. Moreover, antibiotic usage may be a predisposing risk factor to infection.
Artificial Cell-Microencapsulated Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (1984)

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is immobilized in collodion artificial cells. Once technical problems associated with the encapsulation of this enzyme were solved, the enzyme kinetics were compared to PAL in free solution. Microencapsulated PAL has an apparent enzyme activity that is 20% of the activity of enzyme in free solution. The K m for both free and immobilized PAL is 475 µM. The V m for the microencapsulated PAL is 9 µM/min, whereas that of PAL in free solution is 55 µM/min.
Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Lipid A Resulting in the Synthesis of New Potent Lipopolysaccharide Antagonists (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Lipid A Resulting in the Synthesis of New Potent Lipopolysaccharide AntagonistsWilliam J. Christ, Pamela D. McGuinness, Osamu Asano, Yuan Wang, Maureen A. Mullarkey, Michel Perez, Lynn D. Hawkins, Todd A. Blythe, Gloria R. Dubuc, and Andrea L. RobidouxCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 8, 3637–3638Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00087a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00087a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive-related disorders (OCRD) (2019)

The purpose of this article is to present an overview of current knowledge on the treatment of obsessive-compulsive and obsessive-compulsive-related disorders (OCRD - according to DSM-5). The article presents commonly used pharmacological treatments and psychotherapy, as well as surgical and other forms of treatment. According to the analyses that have been made, the variety of responses to the pharmacological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) depending on the kinds of symptoms is not relevant enough to justify these other forms of treatment. Instead, the choice of medication should be made based on other factors, such as the severity of symptoms and the level of insight into the illness or the symptoms of other disorders co-occurring with the obsessions. These factors are also significant in psychotherapy, but in this case, the dependency between the types of obsessions and compulsions and the therapeutic approach has greater importance. Generally speaking, in OCRD treatment, atendency to use other forms of treatment can be observed for disorders based mainly on the mechanism of compulsivity or impulsivity. Hopes for a more effective treatment are related to the types of pharmacological treatment and modifications of psychotherapeutic methods based on the development happening in the cognitive behavioural approach.
Bis-SNP: Combined DNA methylation and SNP calling for Bisulfite-seq data (2012)

Bisulfite treatment of DNA followed by high-throughput sequencing (Bisulfite-seq) is an important method for studying DNA methylation and epigenetic gene regulation, yet current software tools do not adequately address single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Identifying SNPs is important for accurate quantification of methylation levels and for identification of allele-specific epigenetic events such as imprinting. We have developed a model-based bisulfite SNP caller, Bis-SNP, that results in substantially better SNP calls than existing methods, thereby improving methylation estimates. At an average 30× genomic coverage, Bis-SNP correctly identified 96% of SNPs using the default high-stringency settings. The open-source package is available at http://epigenome.usc.edu/publicationdata/bissnp2011.
Glutaminase: A Hot Spot For Regulation Of Cancer Cell Metabolism? (2010)

Cancer cells re-program their metabolic machinery in order to satisfy their bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements. A critical aspect of the re-programming of cancer cell metabolism involves changes in the glycolytic pathway (referred to as the "Warburg effect"). As an outcome of these changes, much of the pyruvate generated via the glycolytic pathway is converted to lactic acid, rather than being used to produce acetyl-CoA and ultimately, the citrate which enters the citric acid cycle. In order to compensate for these changes and to help maintain a functioning citric acid cycle, cancer cells often rely on elevated glutamine metabolism. Recently, we have found that this is achieved through a marked elevation of glutaminase activity in cancer cells. Here we further consider these findings and the possible mechanisms by which this important metabolic activity is regulated.
Therapeutic implications of cancer initiating cells (2009)

Current cancer treatments, based on the assumption that tumour cell population responds homogeneously, have been developed to eradicate proliferating cells. The new model of tumorigenesis entails significant therapeutic implications, in fact if a small fraction of CICs survives conventional therapy it may lead to recurrence after month or years of apparent remission. Selective targeting of CICs could eliminate the tumour from the root, overcoming the emergence of clones capable of evading traditional therapy and increasing overall disease free survival.
Carbon deposition studies using nickel and cobalt catalysts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon deposition studies using nickel and cobalt catalystsMichael P. Manning, James E. Garmirian, and Robert C. ReidCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1982, 21, 3, 404–409Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200018a010https://doi.org/10.1021/i200018a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Alternative splicing of exon 10 in the taugene as a target for treatment of tauopathies (2008)

Tau aggregation is one of the major features in Alzheimer's disease and in several other tauopathies, including frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). More than 35 mutations in the tau gene have been identified from FTDP-17 patients. A group of these mutations alters splicing of exon 10, resulting in an increase in exon 10 inclusion into tau mRNA. Abnormal splicing with inclusion of exon 10 into tau mRNA has also been observed in PSP and AD patients. These results indicate that abnormal splicing of exon 10, leading to the production of tau with exon 10, is probably one of the mechanisms by which tau accumulates and aggregates in tauopathic brains. Therefore, modulation of exon 10 splicing in the tau gene could potentially be targeted to prevent tauopathies. To identify small molecules or compounds that could potentially be developed into drugs to treat tauopathies, we established a cell-based high-throughput screening assay. In this review, we will discuss how realistic, specific biological molecules can be found to regulate exon 10 splicing in the tau gene for potential treatment of tauopathies.
Channel Mimetic Sensing Membranes for Nucleotides Based on Multitopic Hydrogen Bonding (1997)

Abstract Nucleotide‐induced permeability changes of oriented monolayers composed of the nucleotide receptors 4‐amino‐1‐octadecyl‐2‐(1 H )‐pyrimidinone ( 1 ), 5‐methyl‐1‐octadecyl‐2,4(1 H ,3 H )‐pyrimidinedione ( 2 ), and 1‐(2‐heptylundecyl)‐4‐(8‐(3‐methylureido)‐2‐naphthyl)‐amide‐2‐(1 H )‐pyrimidinone ( 3 ) were examined. These molecules are capable of binding guanosine, adenosine, and guanosine nucleotides, respectively, by multitopic hydrogen bonding. Monolayers were first formed at the air/water interface and then directly contacted with a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrode. The permeabilities of these membranes were evaluated with cyclic voltammetry, using [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4– as permeability marker. Selectively 5′‐GMP‐induced decreases in the permeability of the membranes based on receptor 1 or 3 were observed. On the other hand, decreases in the permeability of membranes based on receptor 2 were larger in the presence of 5′‐AMP than of 5′‐GMP. The permeability changes thus observed can be ascribed to repulsive electrostatic interaction between the marker anions and the negatively charged nucleotides that selectively bind to the electrically neutral membrane receptors. The ratios of the oxidation current decreases for solutions containing 3.0 mM 5′‐GMP and for solutions containing 3.0 mM 5′‐AMP were 1.30, 0.76, and 1.85 for monolayers based on receptors 1, 2 , or 3 , respectively. The monolayer based on receptor 3 , which is capable of binding the guanine base by five hydrogen bonds, showed a higher 5′‐GMP selectivity than the monolayer of receptor 1 with the cytosine residue. Similar nucleotide‐induced permeability changes were observed for mixed multilayers of receptor 1 and octadecanol ( 4 ), as well as for mixed monolayers with receptor 2 and 4.
Preparation of Oligonucleotide-Biotin Conjugates with Cleavable Linkers (1995)

A procedure is presented for preparing an oligonucleotide-biotin conjugate that is chemically cleavable through the reduction of a disulfide bond within the linker. Conjugation involves reaction of a primary amine with an N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide ester linked to biotin. The oligonucleotide can be liberated from streptavidin agarose containing immobilized conjugate under mild conditions (neutral pH, 50 mM dithiothreitol). This cleavable conjugate is useful for affinity purification applications.
Electrospun carbon nanofibers surface-grafted with vapor-grown carbon nanotubes as hierarchical electrodes for supercapacitors (2012)

This letter reports the fabrication and electrochemical properties of electrospun carbon nanofibers surface-grafted with vapor-grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as hierarchical electrodes for supercapacitors. The specific capacitance of the fabricated electrodes was measured up to 185 F/g at the low discharge current density of 625 mA/g; a decrease of 38% was detected at the high discharge current density of 2.5 A/g. The morphology and microstructure of the electrodes were examined by electron microscopy, and the unique connectivity of the hybrid nanomaterials was responsible for the high specific capacitance and low intrinsic contact electric resistance of the hierarchical electrodes.
Intracellular Delivery of Nanoparticles Via the HIV-1 Tat Peptide (2008)

Functionalized nanoparticles are heralded as part of the future with regards to targeted cell and nuclear delivery. However, direct intracellular and intranuclear delivery has, until recently, been difficult to achieve owing to the impermeable nature of the plasma and nuclear membranes. During the past 15 years, a range of peptides, termed cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which have the ability to translocate into living cells, have been discovered. Thus, in more recent years, the combination of CPPs with nanoparticles, enabling CPP-mediated cell delivery, has opened up many avenues of research. This review discusses the use of various CPPs, focusing on tat peptide, to functionalize nanoparticles and the possible move from the laboratory to the clinic.
Evidence for an immunoregulatory role of OX2 with its counter ligand (OX2L) in the regulation of transplant rejection, fetal loss, autoimmunity and tumor growth. (2001)

Transplantation has emerged as an effective treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Current regimens of non-specific immunosuppressive drug treatment, which are needed life-long to prevent graft rejection, have numerous adverse side effects and increase the risk of opportunistic infections and malignancy. A major goal is to develop immunotherapeutic protocols that achieve specific tolerance. Such protocols would decrease and eventually eliminate the reliance on non-specific drug therapy. We showed that portal vein delivery of donor antigen prolongs the survival of vascularized and non-vascularized allo- and xeno-grafts, and that increased graft survival is associated with altered cytokine production and augmented expression of the molecule OX2. This review documents further evidence for a more general immunoregulatory role for the interactions of OX2 and its ligand, OX2L.
Patching (1998)

Until now, true video-on-demand can only be achieved using a dedicated data flow for each sen-ice request. This brute- force approach is prohibitively expensive. Using multicast can significantly reduce the system cost. This solution, however, must delay services in order to serve many requests as a batch. In this paper, we consider a third alternative called Patching. In our technique, an existing multicast can expand dynamically to serve new clients. Allowing new clients to join an existing multicast improves the efficiency of the multicast. Furthermore, since all requests can be served im-mediately, the clients experience no service delay and true video-on-demand can be achieved. A significant contribution of this work, is making multicast work for true video- on-demand services. In feet, we are able to eliminate the service latency and improve the efficiency of multicast at the same time. To assess the benefit of this scheme, we perform simulations to compare its performance with that of standard multicast. Our simulation results indicate convincingly that- Patching offers substantially better performance. © 1998 ACM.
Immune Protection of Nonhuman Primates against Ebola Virus with Single Low-Dose Adenovirus Vectors Encoding Modified GPs (2006)

Expression of specific GPs alone vectored by rAd are sufficient to confer protection against lethal challenge in a relevant nonhuman primate model. Elimination of NP from the vaccine and dose reductions to 10(10) rAd particles do not diminish protection and simplify the vaccine, providing the basis for selection of a human vaccine candidate.
Relocation of Advanced Water Vapor Radiometer 1 to Deep Space Station 55 (2005)

In June of 2004, the Advanced Water Vapor Radiometer (AWVR) unit no. 1 was relocated to the Deep Space Station (DSS) 55 site in Madrid, Spain, from DSS 25 in Goldstone, California. This article summarizes the relocation activity and the subsequent operation and data acquisition. This activity also relocated the associated Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP) and Surface Meteorology (SurfMET) package that collectively comprise the Cassini Media Calibration System (MCS).
Lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiodysplasia: From molecular to clinical lymphology (2001)

The lymph vascular system parallels the blood vasculature and as one of its key functions returns liquid and solutes to the bloodstream, including macromolecules that have escaped from blood capillaries and entered the interstitium. In conjunction with interspersed lymph nodes and lymphoid organs, the lymphatic vasculature also acts as a conduit for trafficking immune cell populations. Echoing the explosion of knowledge about blood vessel angiogenesis (properly termed "hemangiogenesis"), the past two decades have also witnessed a series of significant, yet less-noticed discoveries bearing on "lymphangiogenesis," along with delineation of the spectrum of lymphedema-angiodysplasia syndromes. Failure of lymph transport promotes a brawny proteinaceous edema of the affected limb, organ, or serous space that is disfiguring, disabling, and on occasion even life-threatening. Key members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin families of vascular growth factors (and their corresponding tyrosine kinase endothelial receptors) have been identified which preferentially influence lymphatic growth and, when manipulated in genetically engineered murine models, produce aberrant "lymphatic phenotypes." Moreover, mutations in VEGF receptor and forkhead family developmental genes have now been linked and implicated in the pathogenesis of two familial lymphedema-angiodysplasia syndromes. Thus, recent advances in "molecular lymphology" are elucidating the poorly understood development, physiology, and pathophysiology of the neglected lymphatic vasculature. In combination with fresh insights and refined tools in "clinical lymphology," these advances should lead not only to earlier detection and more rational classification of lymphatic disease but also to better therapeutic approaches, including designer drugs for lymphangiostimulation and lymphangioinhibition and gene therapy to modulate lymphatic growth.
Light-Activated Gene Expression (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTLight-Activated Gene ExpressionFederico G. Cruz, John T. Koh, and Kristian H. LinkView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 36, 8777–8778Publication Date (Web):August 23, 2000Publication History Received24 May 2000Revised25 July 2000Published online23 August 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001804hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001804hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1206Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Bioluminescent probes,Genetics,Ligands,Light,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Reduction of .DELTA.2-isoxazolines: a conceptually different approach to the formation of aldol adducts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of .DELTA.2-isoxazolines: a conceptually different approach to the formation of aldol adductsDennis P. CurranCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 14, 4024–4026Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00378a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00378a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views934Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation and evaluation in vitro and in vivo of fibrinogen microspheres containing adriamycin. (1986)

Fibrinogen microspheres containing adriamycin were prepared and eveluated as a novel drug delivery system. The shape of the microspheres was invariably spherical. The average diameters were 2.4 and 1.7 μm, and the drug contents in the microspheres were 10.2 and 9.9%, for the microspheres prepared at 110 and 140°C, respectively. Release of the drug from fibrinogen microspheres was slow, and the drug release continued over. 7 d. These results indicated that drug-loaded fibrinogen microspheres could provide a sustained release property in vitro.The antitumor activity of fibrinogen microspheres containing adriamycin was evaluated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice on the basis of animal survival data. Tumor cell injections were performed on day 0 and microsphere injections on day 1, both intraperitoneally. A prolongation of the life span of tumor-bearing mice following injection of therapeutic microspheres was noted, and the microspheres containing adriamycin were therapeutically more active than adriamycin alone. The high chemotherapeutic efficiency of fibrinogen-adriamycin microspheres was striking at high doses, which would be toxic in the case of the drug alone.These results indicated that fibrinogen microspheres containing adriamycin may be effective in cancer chemotherapy. Microspheres composed of fibrinogen show good biocompatibility and could be useful as a novel drug carrier in injectable delivery systems for anticancer agents.