gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of acrylamide in heated potato products - model experiments pointing to asparagine as precursor (2002)

Model experiments were carried out to examine the mechanism of acrylamide formation in heated foodstuff, especially in potato products. For this purpose various substances, like organic acids, sugars and amino acids were heated using starch or silica gel as carrier substances. Low amounts of acrylamide are formed by heating ascorbic acid with an additional nitrogen source like ammonium acetate or glutamine. Significantly higher yields of acrylamide are formed by heating asparagine. The amount of acrylamide dramatically increases if asparagine is heated in the presence of glucose or fructose. Asparagine works not only as a nitrogen source, it seems to be evident, that the complete backbone of the acrylamide molecule is formed from asparagine. There are indications, that in an analogue reaction 3-buteneamide is formed, if glutamine is heated in the presence of reducing sugars.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Choroidal Neovascularization Caused by AMD (IBeNA Study): Results of a Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Study (2006)

A single intravitreal bevacizumab injection was well tolerated and, except for minor transient local adverse events, no other adverse events were observed. In the short-term, treatment was associated with vision stabilization or improvement and no unfavorable neovascular lesion-macular changes in most patients.
The Composite Effect of Transgenic Plant Volatiles for Acquired Immunity to Herbivory Caused by Inter-Plant Communications (2011)

A blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from plants induced by herbivory enables the priming of defensive responses in neighboring plants. These effects may provide insights useful for pest control achieved with transgenic-plant-emitted volatiles. We therefore investigated, under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions, the priming of defense responses in plants (lima bean and corn) by exposing them to transgenic-plant-volatiles (VOCos) including (E)-β-ocimene, emitted from transgenic tobacco plants (NtOS2) that were constitutively overexpressing (E)-β-ocimene synthase. When lima bean plants that had previously been placed downwind of NtOS2 in an open-flow tunnel were infested by spider mites, they were more defensive to spider mites and more attractive to predatory mites, in comparison to the infested plants that had been placed downwind of wild-type tobacco plants. This was similarly observed when the NtOS2-downwind maize plants were infested with Mythimna separata larvae, resulting in reduced larval growth and greater attraction of parasitic wasps (Cotesia kariyai). In a greenhouse experiment, we also found that lima bean plants (VOCos-receiver plants) placed near NtOS2 were more attractive when damaged by spider mites, in comparison to the infested plants that had been placed near the wild-type plants. More intriguingly, VOCs emitted from infested VOCos-receiver plants affected their conspecific neighboring plants to prime indirect defenses in response to herbivory. Altogether, these data suggest that transgenic-plant-emitted volatiles can enhance the ability to prime indirect defenses via both plant-plant and plant-plant-plant communications.
Role of CYB5A in Pancreatic Cancer Prognosis and Autophagy Modulation (2013)

These results define CYB5A as a novel prognostic factor for PDAC that exerts its tumor-suppressor function through autophagy induction and TRAF6 modulation.
Flavopiridol induces apoptosis of normal lymphoid cells, causes immunosuppression, and has potent antitumor activity In vivo against human leukemia and lymphoma xenografts. (1998)

Flavopiridol is a novel semisynthetic flavone derivative of the alkaloid rohitukine. Flavopiridol is known to inhibit potently the activity of multiple cyclin-dependent kinases. We have assessed its effects on normal and malignant cells in preclinical animal models of localized and disseminated human hematopoietic neoplasms. Flavopiridol, when administered as daily bolus intravenous (IV) injections, produced selective apoptosis of cells in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes, resulting in atrophy of these organs. With the exception of the intestinal crypts, apoptosis or tissue damage was absent in all other organs investigated (kidneys, liver, lungs, bone/bone marrow, muscle, and heart). Flavopiridol had a marked apoptotic effect documented by DNA nick-end labeling, or DNA agarose gels in xenografts of human hematopoietic tumors HL-60, SUDHL-4, and Nalm/6. After treatment with 7.5 mg/kg flavopiridol bolus IV or intraperitoneal on each of 5 consecutive days, 11 out of 12 advanced stage subcutaneous (s.c.) human HL-60 xenografts underwent complete regressions, and animals remained disease-free several months after one course of flavopiridol treatment. SUDHL-4 s.c. lymphomas treated with flavopiridol at 7.5 mg/kg bolus IV for 5 days underwent either major (two out of eight mice) or complete (four out of eight mice) regression, with two animals remaining disease-free for more than 60 days. The overall growth delay was 73.2%. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated lymphoma AS283 showed no significant response when flavopiridol was used in advanced s.c. tumors, but when treatment was initiated in early stages, there was a complete regression of the early tumors, and a significant overall growth delay (>84%). When flavopiridol was used in severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing disseminated human acute lymphoblastic leukemia Nalm/6 cells, there was 15-day prolongation in survival (P = .0089). We conclude that flavopiridol greatly influences apoptosis in both normal and malignant hematopoietic tissues. This activity was manifested in our study as a potent antileukemia or antilymphoma effect in human tumor xenografts, which was dose and schedule dependent. These findings provide compelling evidence for the use of flavopiridol in human hematologic malignancies.
Electronic structure, atomic structure, and the passivated nature of the arsenic-terminated Si(111) surface (1987)

Si(111)7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 surfaces were transformed into topologically ideal, unreconstructed Si(111):As 1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 surfaces by exposure to ${\mathrm{As}}_{4}$ molecules. The As atoms replace the outermost Si atoms resulting in a surface with As lone-pair states instead of Si dangling-bond states. This structure is confirmed by a comparison between the lone-pair dispersion, derived from angle-resolved photoemission, and theoretical surface bands, obtained from a first-principles pseudopotential calculation. The As-terminated surface is highly passivated as a result of the existence of the As lone-pair states and is shown to be almost unaffected by oxygen and air exposures as high as ${10}^{7}$ and ${10}^{11}$ L [1 L (langmuir)${=10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}6}$ torr sec], respectively. Initial energies for bulk direct transitions were determined and found to be in good agreement with those predicted using initial states calculated with an empirical pseudopotential method and a free-electron parabola for the final-state band.
Software Security Using Software Dynamic Translation (2001)

Software dynamic translation (SDT) is a technology that allows programs to be modified as they are running. Researchers have used SDT with good success to build a variety of useful software tools (e.g., binary translators, operating system simulators, low-overhead profilers, and dynamic optimizers). In this paper, we describe how SDT can be used to address the critical problem of providing software security. The paper shows how SDT can simply and effectively implement arbitrary user-specified software safety policies. Unlike static analysis techniques which typically process source code, SDT is applied to binary code. Consequently, SDT can handle untrusted binaries and unsecured libraries from any source. To demonstrate and validate that SDT provides additional security, we have implemented a software security API for Strata, our software dynamic translation infrastructure. The API, while simple, allows clients to implement powerful policies to prevent potential security violations. To illustrate the use of Strata and the security API, the paper provides implementations of several interesting and useful security policies.
High-NA and low-residual-aberration projection lens for DUV scanner (2002)

This paper describes several kinds of new technologies, which are introduced into newly developed 0.78 NA ArF projection lens for Nikon's latest DUV scanner, the NSR- S306C. A new lens configuration for an ArF projection system is obtained as a result of a minute survey of the space of the aspheric optical design. The new configuration uses fewer elements and less volume of calcium fluoride (CaF2) than a conventional type. Lens mounting performance and its stability is another key issue to realizing a high performance imaging system, because lens element deformation due to lens mounting degrades imaging performance severely. Reduction of the number of the elements of a new optical design can increase room for the opto-mechanical system. Even complicated mechanisms, such as kinematic lens mounting, can fit in the space. A pure kinematic lens mounting is developed for the new ArF projection lens system to minimize lens deformation due to lens mounting. The same mechanism is applied to the positioning scheme of a lens element for high precision lens adjustment. Simultaneous use of the new lens positioning system and a lens controller can perform high precision and rather complex lens fine-tuning. Intrinsic birefringence of calcium fluoride (CaF2) is a new item, which is a hot issue in F2 optics. Even for ArF projection lens system, the intrinsic birefringence is one of the most critical issues in terms of impact upon lens performance. Special treatment is required to avoid the degradation of imaging performance due to the intrinsic birefringence effects. Resist image comparison between an ArF lens with the treatment and that without is reviewed. Finally, actual lens performance is shown.
Two-dimensional IR spectroscopy can be designed to eliminate the diagonal peaks and expose only the crosspeaks needed for structure determination (2001)

The power of two-dimensional (2D) IR spectroscopy as a structural method with unprecedented time resolution is greatly improved by the introduction of IR polarization conditions that completely eliminate diagonal peaks from the spectra and leave only the crosspeaks needed for structure determination. This approach represents a key step forward in the applications of 2D IR to proteins, peptides, and other complex molecules where crosspeaks are often obscured by diagonal peaks. The technique is verified on the model compound 1,3-cyclohexanedione and subsequently used to clarify the distribution of structures that the acetylproline-NH(2) dipeptide adopts in chloroform. In both cases, crosspeaks are revealed that were not observed before, which, in the case of the dipeptide, has led to additional information about the structure of the amino group end of the peptide.
Reflection-induced changes in the optical spectra of 980-nm QW lasers (1994)

High-power 980-nm strained quantum well diode lasers having low reflectivity facet coatings are sensitive to weak reflections that affect the laser emission spectrum. In devices having 0.2% output facet reflectivity, 2% reflections from an external plane mirror shifted the output spectrum from 970 to 1000 mn. Wavelength stabilization and improved immunity to spurious reflections were demonstrated using bulk grating and fiber-grating reflectors. Continuous laser tuning from 958 to 1011 nm was achieved with 1% net grating reflectivity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Towards a structure-function analysis of bovine lactoferricin and related tryptophan- and arginine-containing peptides (2002)

The iron-binding protein lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that has antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. All of these additional properties appear to be related to its highly basic N-terminal region. This part of the protein can be released in the stomach by pepsin cleavage at acid pH. The 25-residue antimicrobial peptide that is released is called lactoferricin. In this work, we review our knowledge about the structure of the peptide and attempt to relate this to its many functions. Microcalorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy data regarding the interaction of the peptide with model membranes show that binding to net negatively charged bacterial and cancer cell membranes is preferred over neutral eukaryotic membranes. Binding of the peptide destabilizes the regular membrane bilayer structure. Residues that are of particular importance for the activity of lactoferricin are tryptophan and arginine. These two amino acids are also prevalent in "penetratins", which are regions of proteins or synthetic peptides that can spontaneously cross membranes and in short hexapeptide antimicrobial peptides derived through combinatorial chemistry. While the antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumour, and antiviral properties of lactoferricin can be related to the Trp/Arg-rich portion of the peptide, we suggest that the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties are more related to a positively charged region of the molecule, which, like the alpha- and beta-defensins, may act as a chemokine. Few small peptides are involved in as wide a range of host defense functions as bovine and human lactoferricin.
Acquisition of a CD19-negative myeloid phenotype allows immune escape of MLL-rearranged B-ALL from CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy (2016)

Administration of lymphodepletion chemotherapy followed by CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells is a remarkably effective approach to treating patients with relapsed and refractory CD19(+) B-cell malignancies. We treated 7 patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) harboring rearrangement of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene with CD19 CAR-T cells. All patients achieved complete remission (CR) in the bone marrow by flow cytometry after CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy; however, within 1 month of CAR-T-cell infusion, 2 of the patients developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that was clonally related to their B-ALL, a novel mechanism of CD19-negative immune escape. These reports have implications for the management of patients with relapsed and refractory MLL-B-ALL who receive CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy.
THE WORLD'S CHAMPION MARKETERS: THE JAPANESE (1982)

Many experts attribute Japan's spectacular economic success to superior management techniques. But the real key to Japan's performance may be outstanding marketing skills.
A comparison of instantaneous and fryze power calculations on P-F and Q-V droop in microgrids (2010)

Power frequency droop is the generally accepted method to control power flow in a standalone microgrid. This paper compares the effect of instantaneous and Fryze power calculations on the operation of a three phase, two inverter microgrid. Similar control schemes are implemented based on each power calculation method and the behavior of the microgrid analysed. SABER® simulations compare the two control schemes and the results are utilised to outline the respective benefits of each method.
A conserved pseudoknot in telomerase RNA (1991)

Journal Article A conserved pseudoknot in telomerase RNA Get access Edwin ten Dam, Edwin ten Dam Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Alex van Belkum, Alex van Belkum 1Clinical Centre SSDZPO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kees Pleij Kees Pleij Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Issue 24, 25 December 1991, Page 6951, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.24.6951 Published: 25 December 1991 Article history Received: 11 November 1991 Published: 25 December 1991
Remarkably Selective Iridium Catalysts for the Elaboration of Aromatic C-H Bonds (2002)

Arylboron compounds have intriguing properties and are important building blocks for chemical synthesis. A family of Ir catalysts now enables the direct synthesis of arylboron compounds from aromatic hydrocarbons and boranes under "solventless" conditions. The Ir catalysts are highly selective for C-H activation and do not interfere with subsequent in situ transformations, including Pd-mediated cross-couplings with aryl halides. By virtue of their favorable activities and exceptional selectivities, these Ir catalysts impart the synthetic versatility of arylboron reagents to C-H bonds in aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons.
Sensitive, Fast, and Stable Perovskite Photodetectors Exploiting Interface Engineering (2015)

Organometallic halide perovskites are a class of solution-processed semiconductors exhibiting remarkable optoelectronic properties. They have seen rapid strides toward enabling efficient third-generation solar cell technologies. Here, we report the first material-tailoring of TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD junction-based photodiodes toward applications in photodetection, a field in need of fast, sensitive, low-cost, spectrally tunable materials that offer facile integration across a broad range of substrates. We report photodetection that exhibits 1 μs temporal response, and we showcase stable operation in the detection of over 7 billion transient light pulses through a continuous pulsed-illumination period. The perovskite diode photodetector has a peak responsivity approaching 0.4 A W–1 at 600 nm wavelength, which is superior to red light detection in crystalline silicon photodiodes used in commercial image sensors. Only by developing a composite Al2O3/PCBM front contact interface layer were we able to stabilize device operation in air, reduce dark current, and enhance the responsivity in the low-bias regime to achieve an experimentally measured specific detectivity of 1012 Jones.
D‐Amino acids and D‐Tyr‐tRNATyr deacylase: stereospecificity of the translation machine revisited (2003)

Until 30 years ago, it had been considered that D-amino acids were excluded from living systems except for D-amino acids in the cell wall of microorganisms. However, D-amino acids, in the form of free amino acids, peptides and proteins, were recently detected in various living organisms from bacteria to mammals. The extensive distribution of bio-functional D-amino acids challenges the current concept of protein synthesis: more attention should be paid to the stereospecificity of the translation machine. Besides aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, elongation factor Tu and some other mechanisms, D-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylases provide a novel checkpoint since they specifically recycle misaminoacylated D-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) and some other D-aminoacyl-tRNAs. Their unique structure represents a new class of tRNA-dependent hydrolase. These unexpected findings have far-reaching implications for our understanding of protein synthesis and its origin.
Structural evidence for recognition of a single epitope by two distinct antibodies (2000)

The structure of a complex between the hemagglutinin of influenza virus and the Fab of a neutralizing antibody was determined by X-ray crystallography at 2.8 A resolution. This antibody and another which has only 56% sequence identity bind to the same epitope with very similar affinities and in the same orientation. One third of the interactions is conserved in the two complexes; a significant proportion of the interactions that differ are established by residues of the H3 complementarity-determining regions (CDR) which adopt distinct conformations in the two antibodies. This demonstrates that there is a definite flexibility in the selection of antibodies that bind to a given epitope, despite the high affinity of their complexes. This flexibility allows the humoral immune response to be redundant, a feature that may be useful in achieving longer lasting protection against evolving viral pathogens.
Computability of Recursive Functions (1963)

article Free Access Share on Computability of Recursive Functions Authors: J. C. Shepherdson University of Bristol, England and University of California, Berkeley University of Bristol, England and University of California, BerkeleyView Profile , H. E. Sturgis University of California, Berkeley University of California, BerkeleyView Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 10Issue 2April 1963 pp 217–255https://doi.org/10.1145/321160.321170Published:01 April 1963Publication History 298citation1,685DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations298Total Downloads1,685Last 12 Months134Last 6 weeks25 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Formulation and evaluation of a novel matrix-type orally disintegrating Ibuprofen tablet. (2011)

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) are capable of turning quickly into a liquid dosage form in contact with the saliva, thus possessing the advantages of both the solid dosage forms particularly stability and liquid dosage forms specially ease of swallowing and pre-gastric absorption of drug. The aim of this study was to prepare a novel matrix-type buccal fast disintegrating ibuprofen tablet formulation using special polymers, water soluble excipients, super-disintegrants and quickly soluble granules. For this purpose different tablet formulations of ibuprofen were prepared. The amount of ibuprofen in each formulation was 100 mg. Eight groups of formulation were prepared (A-H series), accounting for a total number of 45 formulations. Formulations prepared were examined in terms of different physicochemical tests including powder/granule flowability, appearance, thickness, uniformity of weight, hardness, friability and disintegration time. Results of formulation F22a (in series F), was found to be acceptable, making it the chosen formulation for further studies. Then, by adding various flavorants and sweeteners to this formulation, complementary series of formulations, named G and H, were prepared. Following the comparison of their taste with each other through asking 10 volunteers, the most suitable formulation regarding the taste, being formulation F22s, was chosen as the ultimate formulation. This formulation had PVP, ibuprofen and croscarmellose as the intra-granular components and xylitol and saccharin as the extra-granular ingredients. Formulation F22s was found to be acceptable in terms of physicochemical tests conducted, showing quick disintegration within the buccal cavity, appropriate hardness and rather low friability. Hence formulation F22s was selected as the final formulation.
Multiphase Assembly of Mesoporous−Macroporous Membranes (1999)

A novel procedure has been developed for the synthesis of spongelike silica membranes with three-dimensional meso−macrostructures. The process utilizes multiphase media comprised of a mesoscopically ordered block copolymer/silica phase that macroscopically separates from an electrolyte phase. This results in hierarchically organized composite structures whose different characteristic length scales can be independently adjusted.