gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase behavior of heteroarm star copolymers by differential scanning calorimetry (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase behavior of heteroarm star copolymers by differential scanning calorimetryConstantinos TsitsilianisCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 11, 2977–2980Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00063a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00063a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thiol–ene Click Reaction as a General Route to Functional Trialkoxysilanes for Surface Coating Applications (2011)

Functionalized trialkoxysilanes are widely used to modify the surface properties of materials and devices. It will be shown that the photoinitiated radical-based thiol-ene "click" reaction provides a simple and efficient route to diverse trialkoxysilanes. A total of 15 trialkoxysilanes were synthesized by reacting either alkenes with 3-mercaptopropyltrialkoxysilane or thiols with allyltrialkoxysilanes in the presence of a photoinitiator. The functionalized trialkoxysilanes were obtained in quantitative to near-quantitative yields with high purity. The photochemical reactions can be run neat in standard borosilicate glassware using a low power 15-W blacklight. A wide range of functional groups is tolerated in this approach, and even complex alkenes click with the silane precursors. To demonstrate that these silanes can be used as surface coating agents, several were reacted with iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles and the loadings quantified. The photoinitiated thiol-ene reaction thus offers a facile and efficient method for preparing surface-active functional trialkoxysilanes.
Mechanism of Action of (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate: Auto-oxidation–Dependent Inactivation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Direct Effects on Growth Inhibition in Human Esophageal Cancer KYSE 150 Cells (2005)

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the principal polyphenol in green tea, has been shown to inhibit the growth of many cancer cell lines and to suppress the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We observed similar effects of EGCG in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma KYSE 150 cells and epidermoid squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells. Pretreatment of KYSE 150 cells with EGCG (20 micromol/L) for 0.5 to 24 hours in HAM's F12 and RPMI 1640 mixed medium at 37 degrees C, before the addition of EGF, resulted in a decreased level of phosphorylated EGFR (by 32-85%). Prolonged treatment with EGCG (8 or 24 hours) also decreased EGFR protein level (both by 80%). EGCG treatment for 24 hours also caused decreased signals of HER-2/neu in esophageal adenocarcinoma OE19 cells. These effects of EGCG were prevented or diminished by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD, 5 units/mL), or SOD plus catalase (30 units/mL), to the cell culture medium. A similar phenomenon on inactivation of EGFR was observed in A431 cells as well. Under culture conditions for KYSE 150 cells, EGCG was unstable, with a half-life of approximately 30 minutes; EGCG dimers and other oxidative products were formed. The presence of SOD in the culture medium stabilized EGCG and increased its half-life to longer than 24 hours and some EGCG epimerized to (+)-gallocatechin-3-gallate. A mechanism of superoxide radical-mediated dimerization of EGCG and H2O2 formation is proposed. The stabilization of EGCG by SOD in the culture medium potentiated the activity of EGCG in inhibiting KYSE 150 cell growth. The results suggest that in cell culture conditions, the auto-oxidation of EGCG leads to EGFR inactivation, but the inhibition of cell growth is due to other mechanisms. It remains to be determined whether the presently observed auto-oxidation of EGCG occurs in vivo. In future studies of EGCG and other polyphenolic compounds in cell culture, SOD may be added to stabilize EGCG and to avoid possible artifacts.
Complement C2 Receptor Inhibitor Trispanning: A Novel Human Complement Inhibitory Receptor (2005)

The complement system presents a powerful defense against infection and is tightly regulated to prevent damage to self by functionally equivalent soluble and membrane regulators. We describe complement C2 receptor inhibitor trispanning (CRIT), a novel human complement regulatory receptor, expressed on hemopoietic cells and a wide range of tissues throughout the body. CRIT is present in human parasites through horizontal transmission. Serum complement component C2 binds to the N-terminal extracellular domain 1 of CRIT, which, in peptide form, blocks C3 convertase formation and complement-mediated inflammation. Unlike C1 inhibitor, which inhibits the cleavage of C4 and C2, CRIT only blocks C2 cleavage but, in so doing, shares with C1 inhibitor the same functional effect, of preventing classical pathway C3 convertase formation. Ab blockage of cellular CRIT reduces inhibition of cytolysis, indicating that CRIT is a novel complement regulator protecting autologous cells.
The pINDUCER lentiviral toolkit for inducible RNA interference in vitro and in vivo (2011)

The discovery of RNAi has revolutionized loss-of-function genetic studies in mammalian systems. However, significant challenges still remain to fully exploit RNAi for mammalian genetics. For instance, genetic screens and in vivo studies could be broadly improved by methods that allow inducible and uniform gene expression control. To achieve this, we built the lentiviral pINDUCER series of expression vehicles for inducible RNAi in vivo. Using a multicistronic design, pINDUCER vehicles enable tracking of viral transduction and shRNA or cDNA induction in a broad spectrum of mammalian cell types in vivo. They achieve this uniform temporal, dose-dependent, and reversible control of gene expression across heterogenous cell populations via fluorescence-based quantification of reverse tet-transactivator expression. This feature allows isolation of cell populations that exhibit a potent, inducible target knockdown in vitro and in vivo that can be used in human xenotransplantation models to examine cancer drug targets.
Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Polylactides (1998)

Six polylactides, polymerized with Salen−Al−OCH3 initiator and having optical purities between 43% and 100%, were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and optical microscopy, following various crystallization conditions. It was found that each of those polylactides can crystallize, even those with low optical purities; their crystallization rate is, however, slower than those for high optical purity polyesters. Moreover, the low optical purity polymers tend to form stereocomplexes between the l and d sequences of the same polylactide, which behavior is ascribed to their multiblock microstructure. A correlation was found between the measured melting temperature of optically active polylactides and their average sequence length.
Use of aurintricarboxylic acid as an inhibitor of nucleases during nucleic acid isolation (1977)

Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) is a general inhibitor of nucleases. ATA has been shown to inhibit the following enzymes in vitro: DNAse I, RNAse A, S1 nuclease, exonuclease III, and restriction endonucleases Sal I, Bam HI, Pst I and Sma I. The observed inhibition is consistent with the proposal by Blumenthal and Landers (BBRC 55, 680, 1973) that most nucleic acid binding proteins will be sensitive to ATA. The action of ATA as a nuclease inhibitor can be used to advantage in the isolation of cellular nucleic acids.
Negative biases and risk for depression; integrating self-report and emotion task markers (2011)

These results are consistent with seminal theories that a systematic cognitive negativity bias produces a hyper-reactivity to negative emotion, which can impact nonconscious as well as conscious processing. The results provide a step toward objective markers of risk for depression that would help the community act regarding preventative programs. Replication in patient samples is warranted.
Effect of Pressure-Dependent Permeability on Well-Test Analyses and Long-Term Production of Methane From Coal Seams (1984)

ABSTRACT Laboratory measurements have shown that the permeability of coal samples varies significantly for ranges of pressure encountered during the testing of coalbed methane wells. A laboratory pressure-permeability relation has been used with a numerical, two-phase coalbed methane simulator to examine the effect of pressure-dependent permeability on well-tests and on production of coalbed methane.
SELECTION OF TUMOR SPECIFIC EPITOPES ON TARGET ANTIGENS FOR RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY OF BREAST CANCER (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Session VI: Experimental Radioimmunotherapy: PDF Only
The effect of post-deposition cooling rate on the orientation of piezoelectric (Pb0.92Sr0.08)(Zr0.65Ti0.35)O3thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering (2006)

Strontium-doped lead zirconate titanate (PSZT) has been reported for its high piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. The deposition of piezoelectric thin films ( from a few nanometres to a few microns) is an essential part of microsystem devices for sensing and actuating. For PSZT to exhibit pronounced piezoelectric behaviour it must have a crystalline grain structure ( perovskite orientation). This paper is a study of the deposition of PSZT thin films by RF magnetron sputtering and the effect of cooling rate, after deposition at temperatures between 500 degrees C and 700 degrees C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results are used to show how a cooling rate of 5 degrees C min(-1) increases the degree of perovskite orientation in sputtered films, when compared to a cooling rate of 15 degrees C min-1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analyses were used to determine the composition of the thin films. Results from deposition on silicon membranes and the position of diffraction peak patterns in XRD results are used to demonstrate low stress in the deposited films. Atomic force microscope imaging is used to show the crystalline nature of the PSZT thin films.
Environmental Toxin–Linked Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatic Metabolic Reprogramming in Obese Mice (2013)

Obesity is associated with strong risks of development of chronic inflammatory liver disease and metabolic syndrome following a second hit. This study tests the hypothesis that free radical metabolism of low chronic exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a disinfection byproduct of drinking water, causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), mediated by cytochrome P450 isoform CYP2E1 and adipokine leptin. Using diet-induced obese mice (DIO), mice deficient in CYP2E1, and mice with spontaneous knockout of the leptin gene, we show that BDCM caused increased lipid peroxidation and increased tyrosine nitration in DIO mice, events dependent on reductive metabolism by CYP2E1. DIO mice, exposed to BDCM, exhibited increased hepatic leptin levels and higher levels of proinflammatory gene expression and Kupffer cell activation. Obese mice exposed to BDCM also showed profound hepatic necrosis, Mallory body formation, collagen deposition, and higher alpha smooth muscle actin expression, events that are hallmarks of NASH. The absence of CYP2E1 gene in mice that were fed with a high-fat diet did not show NASH symptoms and were also protected from hepatic metabolic alterations in Glut-1, Glut-4, phosphofructokinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expressions (involved in carbohydrate metabolism), and UCP-1, PGC-1α, SREBP-1c, and PPAR-γ genes (involved in hepatic fat metabolism). Mice lacking the leptin gene were significantly protected from both NASH and metabolic alterations following BDCM exposure, suggesting that higher levels of leptin induction by BDCM in the liver contribute to the development of NASH and metabolic alterations in obesity. These results provide novel insights into BDCM-induced NASH and hepatic metabolic reprogramming and show the regulation of obesity-linked susceptibility to NASH by environmental factors, CYP2E1, and leptin.
Defects in mismatch repair occur after APC mutations in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal tumours (1998)

The roles of the intrinsic mutation rate and genomic instability in tumorigenesis are currently controversial. In most colorectal tumours, it is generally supposed that the first mutations occur at the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) locus; APC mutations are thought to provide cells with a selective advantage but have no known effect on the mutation rate. It has also been suggested that genomic instability is the initiating event in colorectal tumorigenesis and, if this is true, mutations of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes (or at similar loci) are the most likely candidates. If defective MMR precedes APC mutations, the APC mutations of colon tumours with defective MMR and hence replication errors (RER+) should differ from those of RER- tumours, in at least three specific ways: (1) a higher frequency of allele loss at APC in RER- tumours; (2) more frameshift than nonsense mutations in RER+ tumours; and (3) APC mutations in simple repeat sequences [(N)n, (N1N2)n, or (N1N2N3)n] in RER+ tumours. We found no evidence that sporadic RER+ and RER- colon cancers (including cell lines) differ in any of these three ways. Although it remains possible that MMR is abnormal in tumours from HNPCC families before APC mutations occur, it is likely that in sporadic colon tumours, APC mutations, rather than genomic instability, are the initiating events in tumorigenesis. Hum Mutat 11:114–120, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Grain growth and strain release in nanocrystalline copper (2001)

Grain growth and strain release processes in the electrodeposited nanocrystalline (nc) Cu specimen with a high purity were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, electrical resistance measurement, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that for the as-deposited nc Cu, the grain growth started at about 75 °C, at which the microstrain in (111) plane (e111) began to release, while the mean microstrain and that in (100) plane (e100) began to release at a higher temperature (150 °C). With an increment in microstrain in the nc Cu introduced by cold rolling, the grain growth onset temperature increased while the strain release onset temperature dropped obviously. These results showed an evident correlation between the grain size stability and the microstrain in the nc materials. The activation energy for the grain growth was determined by using Kissinger analysis and isothermal kinetics analysis, being about 86 kJ/mol, implying that the grain growth process is dominated by grain boundary diffusion.
[Experimental studies on intravesical instillation of SM-5887, a novel anthracycline derivative for treatment of bladder carcinoma]. (1996)

SM-5887 is a novel anthracycline derivative. Experimental studies of its intravesical chemotherapy were carried out to elucidate its histopathological effect on the normal bladder mucosa and the pharmacokinetics in Beagle dogs. Forty mg (4,000 micrograms/ml), 60 mg (6,000 micrograms/ml) and 80 mg (8,000 micrograms/ml) of SM-5887 dissolved in 10 ml of physiological saline were instilled into the empty bladders of dogs with bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy, respectively. SM-5887 instilled intravesically scarcely passed into the blood. In only one dog of five instilled with 80 mg of SM-5887 intravesically, the serum level of 0.0248 micrograms/ml was detected 2 hours after instillation, but all the others were below the detection limit (0.020 micrograms/ml). Excretion of SM-5887 into the urine was also low. The highest urinary excretion was observed 6 hours after instillation of 80 mg of SM-5887, yet the concentrations of SM-5887 and its metabolites in the urine were extremely low. The urinary concentrations of SM-5887 and its active metabolite, 13-OH derivative, were 0.029 micrograms/ml and 0.131 micrograms/ml, respectively. Other metabolites were not detected. The distribution of SM-5887 in the bladder mucosa and muscular layer was almost equal, but the concentration of its active metabolite, 13-OH derivative, was 5 to 10 times higher in the bladder mucosa than in the bladder muscular layer. The distributions of SM-5887 in the organs other than the bladder, that is, the cortex and medulla of kidney, heart, lung, liver, and spleen, were very low, and those of a 13-OH active metabolite were even lower. In addition, SM-5887 barely affected the normal bladder mucosa. In dogs instilled with 80 mg of SM-5887, no histological change was observed in the bladder mucosa and submucosal layer even after 6-hour retention at the highest concentration of 8,000 micrograms/ml.
[Tannin and gallic acid as marker of exposure to hardwood dust]. (2005)

The total tannin concentration was determined, using two different SPF methods, in 35 dust powdered wood species, both hard and softwood. Using direct reading-method (280 nm) the concentration varied from 2485 mg/g for Swedish pine to 35,843 mg/g for European oak (quercus robur, hardwood). The data obtained with the second method (Folin-Chocalteau) were well correlated (y = 0.9885x + 4.3373; r = 0.84; n=35) with the data obtained with the first method. The measured concentrations are usually higher in hardwood than softwood tested. Finally, a simple HPLC-DAD method was tested for gallic acid (GA), recently proposed as a marker for oak dust.
Examining the Structural and Chemical Flexibility of the Active Site Base, Lys-258, of Escherichia coli Aspartate Aminotransferase by Replacement with Unnatural Amino Acids (1995)

The active site base, Lys-258, of Escherichia coli aspartate aminotransferase (AATase) was mutated to a unique cysteine for chemical modification in a cysteine-free AATase [Quint; Gloss et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 32-39]. Two homolysine analogues (gamma-thiahomolysine and gamma-dithiohomolysine) and the carboxylate series [glutamate, (carboxymethyl)cysteine, and (carboxyethyl)cysteine] were prepared. The kcat and kcat/KM values for amino acids exhibited by the 258-homo-Lys AATases are ca. 1000-fold less than those of Quint. However, the kcat/KM values for keto acids are only reduced by 2.5-10-fold. The 258-side-chain carboxylates bind amino acids 1-4 orders of magnitude more tightly than Quint, but have first-order catalytic rate constants 5-7 orders of magnitude less than Quint. The 258-homo-Lys AATases stabilize the E.PLP vs the E.PMP species by approximately 3 kcal/mol relative to Quint; the 258-side-chain carboxylate variants stabilize E.PMP vs E.PLP by 5.8 kcal/mol relative to WT. The C alpha-2H kinetic isotope effects for the reactions of 258-homo-Lys and 258-side-chain carboxylate AATases demonstrate that transaldimination is equally or more rate-determining than C alpha proton abstraction for both sets of enzymes. The values of kcat/KM calculated for the 258-side-chain carboxylate variants from the Brønsted plot of Toney and Kirsch [(1989) Science 243, 1485-1488] are in close agreement with those observed. This "tethered" Brønsted analysis shows that the earlier reported poor reactivity of carboxylates in chemical rescue is due to electrostatic exclusion from the active site.
A supermarket stress map (2013)

People choose their favorite supermarket based on many factors including how the place is designed and organized. Customers generally perceive their shopping experience in an aggregated way, which leaves little room for supermarkets managers to understand what triggers negative feelings. Moreover, adapting the supermarket design to clients' needs is crucial to retain current customers. Accommodating facilities make shoppers feel pleased. In this paper we show the design and initial deployment of a pervasive system that registers location-stamped stress levels of supermarket customers during their shopping. The system aims to discover stress hot spots in a supermarket, which will help managers locate and solve design and store management deficiencies.
Selective growth of zinc-blende, wurtzite, or a mixed phase of gallium nitride by molecular beam epitaxy (1995)

We report on the growth of GaN with a zinc-blende, wurtzite, or a mixed phase structure on (001)GaP and (001)GaAs substrates by a low-temperature modified molecular beam epitaxy technique. By systematically varying the incident arsenic overpressure, films grown at a moderate substrate temperature of ≊620 °C show predominately wurtzite α-GaN, zinc-blende β-GaN, or a mixed phase of the two. Films containing only the metastable phase β-GaN were achieved by using a relatively high growth temperature of ≊700 °C and with an arsenic overpressure of ≊2.4×10−5 Torr. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate an improved crystalline quality for the layers grown at ≊700 °C compared to those grown at ≊620 °C as evident by a narrower full width at half-maximum of 35 min for β-GaN, which is among the narrowest reported to date.
Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Responsive to Pembrolizumab (2016)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive liver tumor that occurs with chronic liver disease. Surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy for localized disease whereas therapeutic options for advanced disease are limited. The innovative blockade of immune checkpoints with targeted immunotherapies, such as monoclonal antibodies against programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), have shown promise in the treatment of solid malignancies. The PD-1 inhibiting antibodies, nivolumab and pembrolizumab prolonged overall survival in randomized trials in metastatic melanoma and advanced non-small cell lung cancer. This is a report of a 75-year-old male patient with metastatic HCC who was initially treated with the standard of therapy sorafenib. After failure of sorafenib therapy, pembrolizumab was started. There was a dramatic response to pembrolizumab with decrease in tumor size and drop in alfa fetoprotein. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of metastatic HCC responsive to pembrolizumab after failure of sorafenib.
Intraoperative Skiaskopie zur Bestimmung des Brechwerts einer zu implantierenden Intraokularlinse (1997)

In cases of difficult or inaccurate preoperative ultrasound biometry IOL power can be estimated after intraoperative retinoscopy in the aphacic highly myopic eye. IOL power can be calculated instantly using computer programs or tables. This method additionally enables the surgeon to control the refractive result of intraocular lens implantation prior to wound closure. However this method lacks reliability in higher hyperopic eyes, as in these cases small changes in corneal vertex distance of the lens used for retinoscopy highly alter the result.