gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directed Assembly of Cylinder-Forming Block Copolymers into Patterned Structures to Fabricate Arrays of Spherical Domains and Nanoparticles (2007)

The first demonstration of the directed assembly of cylindrical microdomains of a block copolymer into nonregular, patterned structures, as well as the subsequent formation of registered 1D arrays of spherical microdomains and nanoparticles, is presented. Directed assembly of pure cylinder-forming polystyrene-block-poly(t-butylacrylate) copolymer, which can undergo a cylinder-to-sphere morphological transition via thermolysis, on lithographically defined linear, circular, or angled chemical nanopatterns resulted in long-range-ordered cylindrical domains that were registered to the underlying nanopattern. Thermolysis of the cylindrical domains yields registered arrays of spherical domains, which are difficult to pattern with advanced lithographic techniques. The spherical domains maintain uniform size in all patterns studied, including 45° corners. In situ synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles within the spherical microdomains created linear, circular, and angled nanoparticle 1D arrays, registered to the chemical nanopattern. The nanoparticles within the 1D arrays were spaced uniformly, and the distance between arrays could be controlled independently of the particle size and interparticle spacing. The combined technique provides a hierarchical route for the fabrication of long-range-ordered 1D metal and metal oxide nanoparticle arrays.
Emerging therapies for hemophilia: controversies and unanswered questions (2018)

Several new therapies for hemophilia have emerged in recent years. These strategies range from extended half-life factor replacement products and non-factor options with improved pharmacokinetic profiles to gene therapy aiming for phenotypic cure. While these products have the potential to change hemophilia care dramatically, several challenges and questions remain regarding broader applicability, long-term safety, and which option to pursue for each patient. Here, we review these emerging therapies with a focus on controversies and unanswered questions in each category.
nab -Paclitaxel Potentiates Gemcitabine Activity by Reducing Cytidine Deaminase Levels in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer (2012)

This study provides mechanistic insight into the clinical cooperation observed between gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
PDBsum new things (2008)

PDBsum (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum) provides summary information about each experimentally determined structural model in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Here we describe some of its most recent features, including figures from the structure's key reference, citation data, Pfam domain diagrams, topology diagrams and protein-protein interactions. Furthermore, it now accepts users' own PDB format files and generates a private set of analyses for each uploaded structure.
Principles of cartilage repair and regeneration. (1997)

An experimental approach and logic are presented for the regeneration of skeletal tissues that focus on the recapitulation of embryonic events starting with an uncommitted progenitor cell population that the authors refer to as mesenchymal stem cells. The repair and regeneration of articular cartilage, which itself has no repair potential, is the subject of this presentation. Full thickness cartilage defects were created in the medial condyle of the distal femur. Self repair (empty defects), articular chondrocytes (allografts), and autologous mesenchymal stem cells were used and the results are reported in selected examples from more than 800 rabbit knees. The optimal number of the appropriate cells delivered in a supportive vehicle to a defect pretreated with a dilute trypsin solution to optimize the integration of repair with normal host cartilage provides a methodology in which regeneration of articular cartilage can be observed. The principles have relevance to the clinical repair and regeneration of cartilage and other skeletal defects.
Improvement of Cerebellar Ataxia With Levorotatory Form of 5-Hydroxytryptophan (1988)

Some features of cerebellar ataxia have been reported to regress partially with long-term administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan or levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan. To test this effect further, 30 patients with various inherited or acquired cerebellar ataxias underwent a randomized, double-blind trial of placebo, and the levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan taken orally for four months. The levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan significantly improved the ataxia score. It also significantly modified the time of standing upright, the spread of feet, the speed of walking, speaking, and writing. In five cases in which the levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan therapy was maintained for 12 months, the effect continued progressively.
Effective Diploidization of Microspore‐Derived Haploids of Rape (Brassica napus L.) by In Vitro Colchicine Treatment (1991)

Abstract A technique for the in vitro colchicine treatment of microspore‐derived haploids of rape ( Brassica napus L.) is presented. This allows effective and time‐saving chromosome doubling. The most effective method consists of an application of 50 mg/1 colchicine in a liquid B5 medium to the rooted micro‐spore‐derived plantlets for 4–8 days. By this treatment more than 50 % of the plants developed at least diploid sectors. A change of medium after some days may even increase this diploidization rate.
Entropy search for information-efficient global optimization (2012)

Contemporary global optimization algorithms are based on local measures of utility, rather than a probability measure over location and value of the optimum. They thus attempt to collect low function values, not to learn about the optimum. The reason for the absence of probabilistic global optimizers is that the corresponding inference problem is intractable in several ways. This paper develops desiderata for probabilistic optimization algorithms, then presents a concrete algorithm which addresses each of the computational intractabilities with a sequence of approximations and explicitly addresses the decision problem of maximizing information gain from each evaluation.
A timestamp-sensitive scheduling algorithm for MPEG-II multiplexers in CATV networks (1998)

To achieve smooth display of MPEG-II programs in the residential cable TV networks, we present a timestamp-sensitive scheduling algorithm for MPEG-II multiplexers. The deadline-driven scheduler maintains, for each program stream, a counter and a timestamp to record and determine how many transport stream (TS) packets should be transmitted before the current scheduling cycle ends. The decoding timestamp (DTS) of TS packets is used to update the counter in order to prevent deadline violation. This algorithm is compared numerically with the timestamp-insensitive algorithm which runs constant-bit-rate (CBR) scheduling. The trace-driven simulation shows that the deadline violation of our timestamp-sensitive scheduling is much lower than CBR's and well controlled for programs with various degrees of burstiness. We also show that the algorithm can be further improved by adding a scheme to prevent buffer underflow and overflow at multiplexers and set-top-boxes, respectively.
Multiple transcriptional regulatory domains in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat are involved in basal and E1A/E1B-induced promoter activity (1989)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 long terminal repeat (LTR) is the site of activation of the HIV tat protein. However, additional transactivators, such as the adenovirus E1A and herpesvirus ICPO proteins, have also been shown to be capable of activating the HIV LTR. Analysis of adenovirus mutants indicated that complete transactivation of the HIV LTR was dependent on both the E1A and E1B proteins. To determine which regions of the HIV LTR were important for complete E1A/E1B activation, a variety of oligonucleotide-directed mutations in HIV transcriptional regulatory domains were assayed both in vivo and in vitro. S1 nuclease analysis of RNA prepared after transfection of these HIV constructs into HeLa cells infected with wild-type adenovirus indicated that the enhancer, SP1, TATA, and a portion of the transactivation-responsive element were each required for complete E1A/E1B-mediated activation of the HIV LTR. These same promoter elements were required for both basal and E1A/E1B-induced levels of transcription in in vitro transcription reactions performed with cellular extracts prepared from cells infected with dl434, an E1A/E1B deletion mutant, or wild-type adenovirus. No mutations were found that reduced only E1A/E1B-induced expression without proportionally reducing basal levels of transcription, suggesting that E1A/E1B-mediated induction of the HIV LTR requires multiple promoter elements which are also required for basal transcriptional levels. Unlike activation by the tat protein, there was not a rigid dependence on maintenance of the transactivation-responsive stem base pairing for E1A/E1B-mediated activation either in vivo or in vitro, indicating that activation occurs by a mechanism distinct from that of tat induction.
Transfection of human CD59 complementary DNA into rat cells confers resistance to human complement (1991)

We have examined the role of the human CD59 antigen in inhibiting complement-mediated lysis by transfer and expression of a CD59 cDNA in rat cells. A cDNA encoding CD59 was subcloned into the expression vector pSFSVneo and stably transfected into the rat T cell line NB2-6TG. Indirect immunofluorescence staining using the anti-CD59 monoclonal antibody YTH53.1 demonstrated the presence of human CD59 antigen on transfected cells and its attachment to the cell surface by a rat glycolipid anchor. Transfected cells were found to contain a single 3.3-kb species of CD59 mRNA by Northern blot hybridization. Immunoblotting revealed that this encoded a protein band of the same size as that observed in human erythrocytes. To determine the biological effect of expression of human CD59 in rat cells, an assay was devised which measured the relative lysis of transfected cells compared to untransfected cells in the presence of human complement and a lytic monoclonal antibody. It was observed that CD59-transfected rat cells are less susceptible to lysis by human complement and that this effect was blocked by a F(ab')2 fragment of YTH53.1. These experiments provide a direct demonstration that CD59 can function as an homologous complement restriction factor for nucleated cells.
NILR-1, a novel immunoglobulin-like receptor expressed by neutrophilic granulocytes, is encoded by a leukocyte receptor gene complex on rat chromosome 1 (1999)

Several receptors expressed by subsets of leukocytes and with sequence homology to the killer cell inhibitory receptors have recently been identified both in man and mouse. Here we describe a rat cDNA that encodes a novel receptor of this group, designated neutrophil immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (NILR-1). The predicted 58.7-kDa mature NILR-1 protein is a type I integral membrane protein, with three C2-type immunoglobulin superfamily domains, a transmembrane region devoid of charged amino acids, and a cytoplasmic tail containing four immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif-like regions. NILR-1 shows greatest sequence homology to the mouse paired immunoglobulin-like receptor-B and members of the human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor/immunoglobulin-like transcript group of receptors. As shown by Northern blot analysis, NILR-1 was transcribed by neutrophilic granulocytes. Although weaker transcription was found with a macrophage cell line, no signal was detected with peritoneal macrophage or spleen RNA. Linkage analysis localized Nilr1 to chromosome 1, closely linked to a locus encoding a rat NKp46 orthologue. The two loci define a rat leukocyte receptor gene complex, in a region syntenic to human chromosome 19q13.4 and the proximal part of mouse chromosome 7, that harbors the human and mouse leukocyte receptor gene complexes.
Activity of canine in situ left atrial ganglion neurons (1990)

The responses of 135 spontaneously active neurons were recorded from ganglionated plexi located in the three epicardial fat pads on the ventral surface of the left atrium of ten dogs. Ganglia, some of which were adjacent to the recording sites, containing varying numbers of neurons were identified throughout these fat pads. Spontaneous activity in 50% of the identified neurons was correlated with specific phases of the cardiac cycle when arterial systolic pressure was between approximately 70 and 180 mmHg and in 28% it was correlated with the respiratory cycle. More neurons displaying cardiovascular-related activity were recorded when systolic pressure was increased after administration of positive inotropic agents or aortic occlusion. However, when systolic pressure increased above approximately 150 mmHg the number of active neurons decreased, and when pressure reached approximately 180 mmHg no activity was recorded. The activity of 36% of identified neurons was altered when discrete regions of the heart, great thoracic vessels, lungs, neck, upper limb, chest wall, or abdominal wall were mechanically distorted by gentle touch. After acute decentralization of the intrathoracic nervous system some neurons still displayed spontaneous cardiovascular- or respiratory-related activity. Single stimuli or trains of stimuli delivered to the vagosympathetic complexes, stellate ganglia, or cardiopulmonary nerves activated neurons in intact or acutely decentralized preparations. It is concluded that ventral left atrial ganglionated plexi neurons display activity related to cardiovascular or respiratory dynamics, and that these neurons are influenced by sympathetic and parasympathetic efferent axons, as well as by cardiac and other mechanoreceptors.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Technetium-99m- and Rhenium-Labeled Inhibitors of the Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) (2008)

The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as a viable target for imaging and therapy of cancer. We prepared seven (99m)Tc/Re-labeled compounds by attaching known Tc/Re chelating agents to an amino-functionalized PSMA inhibitor (lys-NHCONH-glu) with or without a variable length linker moiety. K i values ranged from 0.17 to 199 nM. Ex vivo biodistribution and in vivo imaging demonstrated the degree of specific binding to engineered PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumors. PC3-PIP cells are derived from PC3 that have been transduced with the gene for PSMA. Despite demonstrating nearly the lowest PSMA inhibitory potency of this series, [(99m)Tc(CO)3( L1)] (+) ( L1 = (2-pyridylmethyl)2N(CH2) 4CH(CO2H)NHCO-(CH2) 6CO-NH-lys-NHCONH-glu) showed the highest, most selective PIP tumor uptake, at 7.9 +/- 4.0% injected dose per gram of tissue at 30 min postinjection. Radioactivity cleared from nontarget tissues to produce a PIP to flu (PSMA-PC3) ratio of 44:1 at 120 min postinjection. PSMA can accommodate the steric requirements of (99m)Tc/Re complexes within PSMA inhibitors, the best results achieved with a linker moiety between the epsilon amine of the urea lysine and the chelator.
Vitamin D Binding Protein-Macrophage Activating Factor (DBP-maf) Inhibits Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth in Mice (2003)

We have isolated a selectively deglycosylated form of vitamin D binding protein (DBP-maf) generated from systemically available DBP by a human pancreatic cancer cell line. DBP-maf is antiproliferative for endothelial cells and antiangiogenic in the chorioallantoic membrane assay. DBP-maf administered daily was able to potently inhibit the growth of human pancreatic cancer in immune compromised mice (T/C=0.09). At higher doses, DBP-maf caused tumor regression. Histological examination revealed that treated tumors had a higher number of infiltrating macrophages as well as reduced microvessel density, and increased levels of apoptosis relative to untreated tumors. Taken together, these data suggest that DBP-maf is an antiangiogenic molecule that can act directly on endothelium as well as stimulate macrophages to attack both the endothelial and tumor cell compartment of a growing malignancy.
Automatic Tv Logo Detection And Classification In Broadcast Videos (2009)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Glasgow, Scotland, 2009
New technologies for large-genome sequencing (1989)

Interest in DNA sequencing has increased in recent years and research into new instrument systems to optimize and automate the process has been intensified. A number of commercial devices, from Europe, Japan, and the United States, which instrument aspects of (mainly) the Sanger method, are now available and several new DNA sequencing techniques have been reported. This review briefly describes current methods of DNA sequencing and provides an account of systems presently available or under development for instrumenting the technology. The problems of automation for large-scale DNA sequencing are discussed.
Entropy of Radiation (1954)

An expression for the entropy flux of linearly polarized electromagnetic radiation of any specific intensity, ${K}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$, is obtained. The latter expression is then generalized to include radiation of any type of polarization.
Inhibition of Corneal Inflammation by the TLR4 Antagonist Eritoran Tetrasodium (E5564) (2008)

Eritoran tetrasodium is a highly effective antagonist of TLR4/MD-2-dependent corneal inflammation.
Aminozuckersynthesen, XVII1). D‐Rhamnosamin und 2.6‐Diamino‐2.6‐didesoxy‐D‐mannose aus N‐Acetyl‐D‐mannosamin (1966)

Abstract Die Glykosidierung von N ‐Acetyl‐D‐mannosamin mit Äthanol durch azeotrope Destillation mit Kationenaustauscher liefert ein Gemisch der Glykoside, in dem das α‐Pyranosid überwiegt. Kristalline Derivate erhält man nach Tritylierung oder Tosylierung in 6‐Stellung. Synthesen des D‐Rhamnosamins und der 2.6‐Diamino‐2.6‐didesoxy‐D‐mannose über die 6‐Jod‐ bzw. die 6‐Azid‐Verbindung werden beschrieben.
Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticles with cross-linked cores as drug carriers (2005)

Micelle-like nanoparticles that could be used as drug-delivery carriers were developed. The unique feature of these nanoparticles was that the core of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PEO-b-PNIPAAm) micelle was lightly cross-linked with a biodegradable cross-linker, N,N-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC). The nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and fluorescence measurements. When the BAC content ranged from 0.75 wt% to 0.2 wt% of the mass of NIPAAm, the diameters of the nanoparticles were less than 150 nm. The anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) were used as fluorescent probes to study the hydrophobicity of the cores of the nanoparticles; the results showed that the cores of the nanoparticles were hydrophobic enough to sequester Dox and DPH. The nanoparticles with 0.5 wt% BAC stored at room temperature were stable up to 2 weeks, even at dilute concentrations. The degradation of BAC by reducing agent beta-mercaptoethanol was investigated, and the nanoparticles were not detectable 14 days after adding beta-mercaptoethanol.
Electro-acupuncture vs. amitriptyline in the treatment of depressive states. (1985)

47 patients atteints de depression psychique recoivent soit (n=27) un traitement d'electro-acupuncture, soit (n=20) un traitement d'amitriptyline. Le taux de guerison est identique dans les deux groupes
Two barley alpha-amylase gene families are regulated differently in aleurone cells. (1985)

Isolation of a full- or nearly full-length cDNA clone for the type B isozyme of barley alpha-amylase is described. The coding region has a high GC content and an unusual codon bias similar to that described for the type A isozyme cDNA previously characterized by our laboratory. The theoretical secondary structure for the 5' end of this type B mRNA, as well as that for the two previously identified type A transcripts, is unusual in that the AUG initiation codon is enclosed in each instance by a very stable hairpin loop. Results of primer extension experiments utilizing probes for the 5' coding regions of both types of mRNA are consistent with some of the features of these predicted structures. Primer extension experiments utilizing a probe specific for the type B 5' coding region identified only one type of extension products, and these had 5' untranslated region sequences identical to that of the type B cDNA. Thus there appears to be only one major type of type B gene transcribed. Hybridization experiments utilizing 5' probes specific for type A and for the type B mRNA demonstrate different effects of the hormone, gibberellic acid. The type A mRNAs are present in relatively large amounts in unstimulated aleurone cells and increase about 20-fold after stimulation with gibberellic acid. In contrast, the type B mRNA is present at very low levels in unstimulated cells, but increases at least 100-fold after cells are exposed to the hormone.
Tissue and Fluid Penetration of Garenoxacin in Surgical Patients (2007)

After a single 600 mg oral dose, garenoxacin penetrates well into selected tissues and fluids. In addition, the tissue and fluid concentrations at 3-5 hours post-dose exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration-90% of most targeted pathogens, suggesting that garenoxacin would be effective in the treatment of sinus, skin and skin structure, and intra-abdominal infections.
Microstructured optical fibers: where�??s the edge? (2002)

We establish that Microstructured Optical Fibers (MOFs) have a fundamental mode cutoff, marking the transition between modal confinement and non-confinement, and give insight into the nature of this transition through two asymptotic models that provide a mapping to conventional fibers. A small parameter space region where neither of these asymptotic models holds exists for the fundamental mode but not for the second mode; we show that designs exploiting unique MOF characteristics tend to concentrate in this preferred region.
Kinetic resolution of racemic allylic alcohols by enantioselective epoxidation. A route to substances of absolute enantiomeric purity? (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic resolution of racemic allylic alcohols by enantioselective epoxidation. A route to substances of absolute enantiomeric purity?Victor S. Martin, Scott S. Woodard, Tsutomu Katsuki, Yasuhiro Yamada, Masonari Ikeda, and K. Barry SharplessCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 20, 6237–6240Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00410a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00410a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6801Altmetric-Citations730LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts