gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dust & Magnet: Multivariate Information Visualization Using a Magnet Metaphor (2005)

The use of multivariate information visualization techniques is intrinsically difficult because the multidimensional nature of data cannot be effectively presented and understood on real-world displays, which have limited dimensionalities. However, the necessity to use these techniques in daily life is increasing as the amount and complexity of data grows explosively in the information age. Thus, multivariate information visualization techniques that are easier to understand and more accessible are needed for the general population. In order to meet this need, the present paper proposes Dust &amp; Magnet, a multivariate information visualization technique using a magnet metaphor and various interactive techniques. The intuitive magnet metaphor and subsequent interactions facilitate the ease of learning this multivariate information visualization technique. A visualization tool such as Dust &amp; Magnet has the potential to increase the acceptance of and utility for multivariate information by a broader population of users who are not necessarily knowledgeable about multivariate information visualization techniques.
How Does Proteinuria Cause Progressive Renal Damage? (2006)

The possibility that proteinuria may accelerate kidney disease progression to end-stage renal failure has received support from the results of increasing numbers of experimental and clinical studies. Evidence indicating that this process occurs through multiple pathways, including induction of tubular chemokine expression and complement activation that lead to inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium and sustained fibrogenesis, is reviewed. Macrophages are prominent in the interstitial inflammatory infiltrate. This cell type mediates progression of renal injury to the extent that macrophage numbers in renal biopsy predict renal survival in patients with chronic renal disease. Chemoattractants and adhesive molecules for inflammatory cells are upregulated by excess ultrafiltered protein load of proximal tubular cells via activation of NF-kappaB-dependent and NF-kappaB-independent pathways. This mechanism is a potential target for therapeutic approaches, as shown by beneficial effects of manipulations with inhibitory molecules of NF-kappaB activation or of chemokine receptors in experimental studies. Targeting complement synthesis or activation in proximal tubule might offer novel therapeutic opportunities. Finally, proximal tubular cell receptors for uptake of plasma proteins that are under investigation may provide activation signals on excess tubular protein handling.
Expression and Secretion of Inhibin and Activin in Normal and Neoplastic Uterine Tissues. High Levels of Serum Activin A in Women with Endometrial and Cervical Carcinoma (1998)

Inhibins and activins are growth factors belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta) family and are known to influence cell proliferation and differentiation. Because transforming growth factor-beta is involved in physiological and tumoral changes of uterine tissues, the present study aimed to evaluate whether human normal and neoplastic endometrial and cervical epithelial cells express and secrete inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A. To test this hypothesis, different approaches were used. By RT-PCR, the expression of specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for the inhibin alpha, activin betaA and betaB subunits, and activin receptor type II and type IIB was investigated: 1) in primary cultures of endometrial (stroma and epithelium) or cervical (epithelium) cells from healthy women; and 2) in specimens of endometrial or cervical carcinoma. To demonstrate a possible secretion of the proteins, dimeric inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A were measured in culture medium of normal epithelial or stromal endometrial cells and in uterine washing fluid of healthy women or patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. Levels of the proteins were also measured in serum of women with endometrial or cervical carcinoma. Cultured endometrial stromal or epithelial cells and epithelial cervical cells expressed inhibin alpha, activin betaA and betaB, and activin receptor type II and type IIB mRNAs. The same finding was obtained in specimens of endometrial or cervical carcinomas. Dimeric inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A were measured in culture medium of both endometrial and cervical cells. In particular, resulting activin A levels were significantly higher in epithelial than in stromal cultured endometrial cells (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Dimeric proteins were also detected in the washing fluid of the uterine cavities of healthy women (controls) and with endometrial adenocarcinoma, in which higher activin A levels were found (P &amp;lt; 0.01 vs. controls). Women with endometrial carcinoma showed serum activin A levels significantly higher than healthy controls (P &amp;lt; 0.01), which significantly decreased after surgical removal of endometrial or cervical tumors (P &amp;lt; 0.01). The present study, for the first time, showed that inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A, as well as activin receptors, are expressed in normal and neoplastic human uterine tissues. A secretion of activin A from tumoral cells into systemic circulation is suggested by the observation that the high levels in serum of patients with endometrial or cervical carcinoma decreased after the surgical removal of the tumor
Quantum efficiency of a microwave photon detector based on a current-biased Josephson junction (2012)

We analyze the quantum efficiency of a microwave photon detector based on a current-biased Josephson junction. We consider the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian to describe coupling between the photon field and the junction. We then take into account the coupling of the junction and the resonator to the environment. We solve the equation of motion of the density matrix of the resonator-junction system to compute the quantum efficiency of the detector as a function of detection time, bias current, and energy relaxation time. Our results indicate that junctions with modest coherence properties can provide efficient detection of single microwave photons, with quantum efficiency in excess of $80%$.
Did They Really Say ... Eradication? (2007)

Growing medicinal plant Artemisia in vertical farming under different LED light conditions ,
Abstract 17316: Ventricular Myocardial Gene Expression in HFrEF Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (AF) vs. No AF, and Changes in Response to Beta-Blockade (2017)

Introduction: The co-existence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) results in worse clinical outcomes than for either individual disorder, and the p...
Easy Two-Step Method for Randomizing and Cloning Gene Fragments (2010)

Random mutagenesis is widely used in protein engineering to improve or alter protein function. Creating random mutant libraries typically requires cloning of randomly mutagenized fragments into an expression vector, which is laborious and often hampered by lack of unique and convenient restriction sites. Here, we report an easy two-step method that produces a more balanced mutational spectrum and simplifies the cloning of randomly mutagenized genes or gene fragments for constructing high titer random mutant libraries.
MoS2 Nanosheets for Top‐Gate Nonvolatile Memory Transistor Channel (2012)

Top-gate ferroelectric memory transistors with single- to triple-layered MoS2 nanosheets adopting poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] are demonstrated. The nonvolatile memory transistor with a single-layer MoS2 channel exhibits excellent retention properties for more than 1000 s, maintaining ~5 × 103 for the program/erase ratio and displaying a high mobility of ~220 cm2/(V·s). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mitomycin C for trabeculectomy in complicated glaucoma: preliminary results after 6 months. (1994)

Mitomycin C (MMC) was used as a perioperative adjunct during trabeculectomy for 51 consecutive cases of complicated glaucoma. The concentration applied was 0.5 mg/ml, and the sponge positioned upon the intact sclera was left in place for 3-5 min. At a follow-up of 6 months, information on 49 eyes was obtained. Following treatment with antiglaucomatous medication, the average intraocular pressure decreased from 31.5 to 13.1 mmHg. The number of different medications required was 0.25 after 6 months as compared with 2.6 before surgery. In 16 of the 49 eyes (33%), the intraocular pressure was below 10 mmHg at follow-up. Complications included severe prolonged hypotony (n = 9), conjunctival dehiscence (n = 4), and scarring (n = 1). Vision was reduced in 5 cases by more than 2 Snellen lines. We consider MMC to be a substance that can be used in trabeculectomies where early scarring of the conjunctiva is anticipated.
GTP‐binding proteins of the Rho/Rac family: regulation, effectors and functions in vivo (2007)

Rho/Rac proteins constitute a subgroup of the Ras superfamily of GTP hydrolases. Although originally implicated in the control of cytoskeletal events, it is currently known that these GTPases coordinate diverse cellular functions, including cell polarity, vesicular trafficking, the cell cycle and transcriptomal dynamics. In this review, we will provide an overview on the recent advances in this field regarding the mechanism of regulation and signaling, and the roles in vivo of this important GTPase family.
Delivery of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to the brain (2009)

The invention and embodiments listed therein outline molecular tools that can be adapted for non-invasive, systemic delivery of therapeutic RNA to the CNS in a future clinical setting.
Impairment in Pure and Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depression at 12 Months in Two National Surveys (1999)

These results show that a substantial amount of generalized anxiety disorder occurs independently of major depression and that the role impairment of generalized anxiety disorder is comparable to that of major depression.
Acetylation of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine by mammalian cells (1986)

Decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine was found to be a substrate for the nuclear acetyltransferases that act on polyamines and on histones. The rate of acetylation of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine was more than twice that of spermidine at saturating substrate concentrations, and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine was an active inhibitor of the acetylation of histones by nuclear extracts from rat liver. The acetylation of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine occurred in vivo in SV-3T3 cells exposed to the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor 2-(difluoromethyl)ornithine. The decline in putrescine and spermidine brought about by exposure to 2-(difluoromethyl)ornithine was found to be accompanied by a large rise in the content of both decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine and acetylated decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine. These results indicate that decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine is metabolized not only in the well-known reactions in which it serves as an aminopropyl donor for polyamine biosynthesis but also by acetylation in reaction with acetyl coenzyme A. Furthermore, the inhibition of histone acetylation by decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine could contribute to the biological effects brought about by inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase.
Development of Hydrophilic Ultrafiltration Membrane from Polysulfone-Polyvinylpyrrolidone (2003)

Las membranas polimericas por naturaleza son hidrofobicas, por tanto se ensucian rapidamente en operaciones de purificacion de agua. Un cambio en las propiedades de las membranas puede reducir el ensuciamiento; esto se puede lograr al incrementar la hidrofilicidad de la membrana. Las membranas de ultrafiltracion empleadas, se prepararon en nuestro laboratorio, por el metodo de inversion de fases, a partir de polisulfona/polivinilpirrolidona (PS / PVP). Se determino la permeabilidad, contenido de agua, peso molecular limite, rugosidad superficial de las membranas y se estudio la seccion transversal de las membranas
Dialogue Act Sequence Labeling Using Hierarchical Encoder With CRF (2018)

Dialogue Act recognition associate dialogue acts (i.e., semantic labels) to utterances in a conversation. The problem of associating semantic labels to utterances can be treated as a sequence labeling problem. In this work, we build a hierarchical recurrent neural network using bidirectional LSTM as a base unit and the conditional random field (CRF) as the top layer to classify each utterance into its corresponding dialogue act. The hierarchical network learns representations at multiple levels, i.e., word level, utterance level, and conversation level. The conversation level representations are input to the CRF layer, which takes into account not only all previous utterances but also their dialogue acts, thus modeling the dependency among both, labels and utterances, an important consideration of natural dialogue. We validate our approach on two different benchmark data sets, Switchboard and Meeting Recorder Dialogue Act, and show performance improvement over the state-of-the-art methods by 2.2% and 4.1% absolute points, respectively. It is worth noting that the inter-annotator agreement on Switchboard data set is 84%, and our method is able to achieve the accuracy of about 79% despite being trained on the noisy data.
Nitrogen fixation : fundamentals and applications : proceedings of the 10th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation, St. Petersburg, Russia, May 28-June 3, 1995 (1995)

Introductory and overview lectures Chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases Regulation of nitrogen fixation Signalling processes in plant-microbe interactions Symbiotically essential bacterial genes and dynamics of Rhizobium genome Plant responses in symbiosis Energetics of nitrogen-fixing systems - Integration of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen metabolism Ecology and agricultural applications of nitrogen-fixing systems - Round table discussion Round table discussion on urgent issues.
Detailed inversion of reservoir data by constrained parameter estimation and resolution analysis (1984)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984Detailed inversion of reservoir data by constrained parameter estimation and resolution analysisAuthors: E. J. KamanP. van RielA. J. W. DuyndamE. J. KamanDelft Univ. of Technology, P. van RielDelft Univ. of Technology, and A. J. W. DuyndamInst. for Applied Geoscience T.N.O., Netherlandshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894137 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894137FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByResolution in seismic imaging: Is it all a matter of perspective?Stewart A. Levin7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 63, No. 2BAYESIAN ESTIMATION IN SEISMIC INVERSION. PART I: PRINCIPLES1Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 36, No. 8 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1984 Pages: 856 publication data© 1984 Copyright © 1984 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION E. J. Kaman, P. van Riel, and A. J. W. Duyndam, (1984), "Detailed inversion of reservoir data by constrained parameter estimation and resolution analysis," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 652-655. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894137 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Polypeptide GalNAc-transferases, ST6GalNAc-transferase I, and ST3Gal-transferase I Expression in Gastric Carcinoma Cell Lines (2003)

Mucin O-glycosylation in cancer is characterized by aberrant expression of immature carbohydrate structures leading to exposure of simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens and peptide epitopes. Glycosyltransferases controlling the initial steps of mucin O-glycosylation are responsible for the altered glycosylation observed in cancer. We studied the expression in gastric cell lines of six UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-T1, T2, T3, T4, T6, T11) that catalyze the initial key step in the regulation of mucin O-glycosylation, the transfer of GalNAc from UDP-GalNAc to serine and threonine residues. We also studied the expression of ST6GalNAc-I, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of Sialyl-Tn antigen (NeuAcalpha2,6GalNAc) and the ST3Gal-I, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of Sialyl-T antigen (NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1,3GalNAc). This study was done using specific monoclonal antibodies, enzymatic assays, and RT-PCR. Our results showed that GalNAc-T1, -T2, and -T3 have an ubiquitous expression in all gastric cell lines, whereas GalNAc-T4, -T6, and -T11 show a restricted expression pattern. The immunoreactivity with MAb VU-2-G7 suggests that, apart from GalNAc-T4, another GalNAc transferase is involved in the glycosylation of the Thr in the PDTR region of the MUC1 tandem repeat. The expression of ST3Gal-I correlates with the expression of the Sialyl-T antigen in gastric cell lines and in the control cell lines studied. The expression of ST6GalNAc-I is low in gastric cell lines, in accordance with the low/absent expression of the Sialyl-Tn antigen.
In vitro mutagenesis of the v-sis transforming gene defines functional domains of its growth factor-related product. (1985)

The polypeptide sequence of the v-sis transforming gene product of simian sarcoma virus (SSV) can be divided into four regions that are likely to represent structural domains of the protein. Mutations were generated in the SSV nucleotide sequence to assay the extent or function of each of these regions. The results indicate that the helper virus-derived amino-terminal sequence as well as a core region homologous to polypeptide chain 2 of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are required for the transforming function of the protein. Products of transforming but not nontransforming mutants formed dimer structures conformationally analogous to biologically active PDGF.
Evaluation of pharyngeal shape and size using anatomical optical coherence tomography in individuals with and without obstructive sleep apnoea (2008)

Summary This study compared shape, size and length of the pharyngeal airway in individuals with and without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) using a novel endoscopic imaging technique, anatomical optical coherence tomography ( a OCT). The study population comprised a preliminary study group of 20 OSA patients and a subsequent controlled study group of 10 OSA patients and 10 body mass index (BMI)‐, gender‐ and age‐matched control subjects without OSA. All subjects were scanned using a OCT while awake, supine and breathing quietly. Measurements of airway cross‐sectional area (CSA) and anteroposterior (A‐P) and lateral diameters were obtained from the hypo‐, oro‐ and velopharyngeal regions. A‐P : lateral diameter ratios were calculated to provide an index of regional airway shape. In all subjects, pharyngeal CSA was lowest in the velopharynx. Patients with OSA had a smaller velopharyngeal CSA than controls (maximum CSA 91 ± 40 versus 153 ± 84 mm 2 ; P &lt; 0.05) but comparable oro‐ (318 ± 80 versus 279 ± 129 mm 2 ; P = 0.48) and hypopharyngeal CSA (250 ± 105 versus 303 ± 112 mm 2 ; P = 0.36). In each pharyngeal region, the long axis of the airway was oriented in the lateral diameter. Airway shape was not different between the groups. Pharyngeal airway length was similar in both groups, although the OSA group had longer uvulae than the control group (16.8 ± 6.2 versus 11.2 ± 5.2 mm; P &lt; 0.05). This study has shown that individuals with OSA have a smaller velopharyngeal CSA than BMI‐, gender‐ and age‐matched control volunteers, but comparable shape: a laterally oriented ellipse. These findings suggest that it is an abnormality in size rather than shape that is the more important anatomical predictor of OSA.
Inactivation of human coagulation factor V by activated protein C. (1983)

Thrombin-activated vitamin K-dependent protein C purified from human plasma has a potent anticoagulant effect on human plasma, whereas its bovine counterpart has a very weak anticoagulant effect on human plasma. This species difference was found to be partly due to a more rapid degradation of human factor Va by human than by bovine activated protein C. In the presence of phospholipid, activated human protein C cleaves several peptide bonds in fragment D (heavy chain of factor Va), whereas in fragment F1F2 (light chain of factor Va) there appears to be only one peptide bond that is slowly cleaved. The degradation of fragment D is accompanied by a parallel loss of factor V activity. With the blood coagulation factor Xa bound to factor Va, fragment D is protected from degradation by activated protein C, and factor Va remains active. Fragment D isolated from factor Va was exposed to activated protein C in the presence of phospholipid and was found not to be degraded. This observation suggests that fragment D of factor V is bound to phospholipid via fragment F1F2.
A new fluorimetric enzyme assay for the diagnosis of Niemann–Pick A/B, with specificity of natural sphingomyelinase substrate (2005)

6-Hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferylphosphorylcholine (HMUPC) was shown to be a specific substrate for the determination of acid (lysosomal) sphingomyelinase (ASM; gene SMPD1). Fibroblasts (n = 27) and leukocytes (n = 8) from both the A and B types of Niemann-Pick disease showed < 6% and < 10% of mean normal ASM activity, respectively. Niemann-Pick A or B patients bearing the Q292K mutation had apparently normal ASM activity with our new artificial substrate. These patients with false-normal sphingomyelinase activity, however, could readily be detected by determining the extent of inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis of the artificial substrate HMU-PC by an unlabelled natural substrate, in particular lysosphingomyelin. This approach is generally applicable. Our novel assay for ASM combines the ease of a rapid and robust enzyme assay using a fluorogenic substrate with the specificity of an ASM assay using a natural substrate. Such assays are obviously more convenient to the diagnostic laboratory, since radiolabelled substrates are not required.
Research Directions in Handheld AR (2006)

Handheld mobile devices are an exciting new platform for Augmented Reality (AR). Mobile phones and PDAs have the potential to provide AR experiences to hundreds of millions of consumers. However, before widespread use can occur there are some obstacles that must be overcome. In particular, developers must consider the hardware and software capabilities of mobile devices and how these can be used to provide an effective AR experience. They must also develop AR interaction metaphors suitable for handheld AR. In this paper we review current and previous research in the field, provide design guidelines and outline future research directions