gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constraint-based haptic rendering of point data for teleoperated robot grasping (2012)

We present an efficient 6-DOF haptic algorithm for rendering interaction forces between a rigid proxy object and a set of unordered point data. We further explore the use of haptic feedback for remotely supervised robots performing grasping tasks. The robot captures the geometry of a remote environment (as a cloud of 3D points) at run-time using a depth camera or laser scanner. An operator then uses a haptic device to position a virtual model of the robot gripper (the haptic proxy), specifying a desired grasp pose to be executed by the robot. The haptic algorithm enforces a proxy pose that is non-colliding with the observable environment, and provides both force and torque feedback to the operator. Once the operator confirms the desired gripper pose, the robot computes a collision-free arm trajectory and executes the specified grasp. We apply this method for grasping a wide range of objects, previously unseen by the robot, from highly cluttered scenes typical of human environments. Our user experiment (N=20) shows that people with no prior experience using the visualization system on which our interfaces are based are able to successfully grasp more objects with a haptic device providing force-feedback than with just a mouse.
Activation of STAT3 by IL-6 and IL-10 in Primary Human Macrophages Is Differentially Modulated by Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (2003)

On human macrophages IL-10 acts as a more potent anti-inflammatory cytokine than IL-6, although both cytokines signal mainly via activation of the transcription factor STAT3. In this study we compare IL-10 and IL-6 signaling in primary human macrophages derived from blood monocytes. Pretreatment of macrophages with PMA or the proinflammatory mediators LPS and TNF-alpha blocks IL-6-induced STAT3 activation, whereas IL-10-induced activation of STAT3 remains largely unaffected. Although LPS induces the feedback inhibitor suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in macrophages, inhibition of IL-6 signal transduction by LPS occurs rapidly and does not depend on gene transcription. We also found that pretreatment of macrophages with IL-10 inhibits subsequent STAT3 activation by IL-6, whereas IL-10-induced STAT3 activation is not affected by preincubation with IL-6. This cross-inhibition is dependent on active transcription and might therefore be explained by different sensitivities of IL-10 and IL-6 signaling toward the feedback inhibitor SOCS3, which is induced by both cytokines. In contrast to the IL-6 signal transducer gp130, which has been previously shown to recruit SOCS3 to one of its phosphotyrosine residues (Y759), peptide precipitation experiments suggest that SOCS3 does not interact with phosphorylated tyrosine motifs of the IL-10R. Taken together, different sensitivities of IL-10 and IL-6 signaling toward mechanisms that inhibit the Janus kinase/STAT pathway define an important mechanism that contributes to the different anti-inflammatory potencies of these two cytokines.
The CCL2/CCR2 Axis in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: A New Cellular Target for Therapy? (2015)

The identification of chemokine receptors as necessary co-receptors for HIV entry into target cells represented a breakthrough in the understanding of the pathogenesis of this viral infection. Since this initial discovery, it was unraveled that chemokines, in addition to their role in blocking viral entry by binding to co-receptors, have other functions in HIV pathogenesis. Indeed, chemokines can either inhibit or enhance HIV replication, and these effects may involve both entry and post-entry events of the viral life cycle. Depending on the balance of their negative versus positive effects on HIV replication and spreading, chemokines contribute to different outcomes of HIV pathogenesis. CCL2 is unique among the chemokines in that mostly enhancing effects on viral replication and pathogenesis have been reported. Either HIV infection itself or exposure to viral products can induce the expression of this chemokine and of its receptor CCR2, and high levels of CCL2/CCR2 are indeed found in HIV-infected subjects. The CCL2/CCR2 axis is tightly linked to the high level of immune activation and inflammation that is the hallmark of HIV infection even in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy. In addition, more direct effects of CCL2 on HIV replication are becoming apparent. Thus, modulation of CCL2/CCR2-driven effects may have significant impact on HIV disease progression. In this review, we will discuss the complex interaction between CCL2/CCR2 and HIV and the emerging therapeutic approaches based on the inhibition of this axis.
Evidence for a NiI Active Species in the Catalytic Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Electrophiles (2004)

Addition of terpyridine to (TMEDA)Ni(CH3)2 results in the high-yield formation of (terpyridyl)NiMe (3). This NiI organometallic complex was found to be capable of transferring its methyl group to iodocyclohexane to produce methylcyclohexane in high yield. Compound 3 can also serve as an initiator for the catalytic cross-coupling of alkyl electrophiles performed under Negishi-like conditions.
Improving sentence compression by learning to predict gaze (2016)

We show how eye-tracking corpora can be used to improve sentence compression models, presenting a novel multi-task learning algorithm based on multi-layer LSTMs. We obtain performance competitive with or better than state-of-the-art approaches.
Monier and Anti-Monier: Early Reinforced Concrete in Australia (1985)

The Monier system of reinforced concrete was the dominant one in Australia from 1895 to 1914, but it was not alone. Evidence is found of the use of the Wunsch, Melan, Kahn/Truscon, Turner and Considere systems, and surviving examples are discussed.
Ring Opening of Lactones and Anhydrides Induced by [Cp2ZrHCl]n (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTRing Opening of Lactones and Anhydrides Induced by [Cp2ZrHCl]nNathalie Cénac, Maria Zablocka, Alain Igau, Jean-Pierre Majoral, and Aleksandra SkowronskaView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, PolandCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 2, 796–798Publication Date (Web):January 26, 1996Publication History Received7 July 1995Published online26 January 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo951222whttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo951222wbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Elements,Lactones,Oxides,Reaction products,Ring opening reactions Get e-Alerts
Sacred Space (Tremenos) and Heirlooms (Sacra) Serve a Totemic Function Within the Homes of Elder Americans (1999)

Abstract The presence of sacred space and the preservation of heirlooms has been identified in archaeological works of many cultures, historic and prehistoric, ancient and modern. Research has also identified psychosocial processes linking the older American to home-place. This paper examines the common occurrence of sacra as heirlooms and their features as articles of incorporation of the living elder American with living and deceased family members and history. Identified are commonalties in the processes of the sacraliza-tion of ordinary objects and the totemic qualities of these sacra in marking membership, status, social roles and family-claimed talents. In a sense these sacralized objects come to be regarded as having a blood relationship to a specific family group. Postulated for further study is the metonymic properties of the sacra and the tremenos as adjunctive to health maintenance through their function in status and identity definition in socially marginalized elders.
An expert system for forecasting model selection (2003)

An expert system for forecasting model selection, written in Turbo-Prolog and implemented on a PC 386, allows a nonexpert in the forecasting field to utilize the relevant knowledge and use it to choose appropriate forecasting techniques. Detailed discussion of three components of this system-the knowledge base, the inference mechanism, and the user interface (explanation facility)-is included. An inference algorithm is proposed, which is capable not only of dealing with uncertainty of information, but also of searching paths in parallel and giving all solutions at once. >
Growth of group III nitrides on Si(111) by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (1994)

Wurtzitic single-crystal GaN and polycrystalline (columnar) InGaN have been grown on the Si(111) face in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy process. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction shows registry of the nitride basal-plane triangular lattice with respect to the Si(111) substrate triangular network. Plan-view transmission electron microscopy images reveal crystalline or polycrystalline GaN structure depending on growth temperature. High-resolution x-ray rocking curves of the (0002) peak were as narrow as 30 min for a 0.6-μm GaN film grown on a thin AlN buffer layer at 750 °C.
Learning Scheduling Algorithms for Data Processing Clusters (2018)

Efficiently scheduling data processing jobs on distributed compute clusters requires complex algorithms. Current systems, however, use simple generalized heuristics and ignore workload characteristics, since developing and tuning a scheduling policy for each workload is infeasible. In this paper, we show that modern machine learning techniques can generate highly-efficient policies automatically. Decima uses reinforcement learning (RL) and neural networks to learn workload-specific scheduling algorithms without any human instruction beyond a high-level objective such as minimizing average job completion time. Off-the-shelf RL techniques, however, cannot handle the complexity and scale of the scheduling problem. To build Decima, we had to develop new representations for jobs' dependency graphs, design scalable RL models, and invent RL training methods for dealing with continuous stochastic job arrivals. Our prototype integration with Spark on a 25-node cluster shows that Decima improves the average job completion time over hand-tuned scheduling heuristics by at least 21%, achieving up to 2x improvement during periods of high cluster load.
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in experimental brain edema in a rat model (1986)

Many aspects of the use of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging in the examination of brain edema have not been fully explored. These include the quantitation of edema fluid, the ability to distinguish between various types of edema, and the extent to which tissue changes other than a change in water content can affect NMR relaxation times. The authors have compared NMR relaxation times obtained by both in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and in vitro NMR spectroscopy of brain-tissue samples from young adult rats with cold lesions, fluid-percussion injury, hypoxic-ischemic injury, bacterial cerebritis, and cerebral tumor. Changes in relaxation times were compared with changes in brain water content, cerebral blood volume, and the results of histological examination. In general, both in vivo and in vitro longitudinal relaxation times (T1) and transverse relaxation times (T2) were prolonged in the injured hemispheres of all experimental groups. Water content of tissue from the injured hemispheres was increased in all groups. A linear correlation between T2 (but not T1) and water content was found. Changes in the values of T1 and T2 could be used to distinguish tumor from cold-injured tissue. Cerebral blood volume was reduced in the injured hemispheres and correlated inversely with prolongation of T1 and T2. The results of this study suggest that, in a clinical setting, prolongation of T2 is a better indicator of increased water content than prolongation of T1, yet quantitation of cerebral edema based solely upon prolongation of in vivo or in vitro T1 and T2 should be undertaken with caution.
Low-Temperature Al2O3 Atomic Layer Deposition (2004)

Al2O3 films were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at temperatures as low as 33 °C in a viscous-flow reactor using alternating exposures of Al(CH3)3 (trimethylaluminum [TMA]) and H2O. Low-temperature Al2O3 ALD films have the potential to coat thermally fragile substrates such as organic, polymeric, or biological materials. The properties of low-temperature Al2O3 ALD films were investigated versus growth temperature by depositing films on Si(100) substrates and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. Al2O3 film thicknesses, growth rates, densities, and optical properties were determined using surface profilometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), QCM, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Al2O3 film densities were lower at lower deposition temperatures. Al2O3 ALD film densities were 3.0 g/cm3 at 177 °C and 2.5 g/cm3 at 33 °C. AFM images showed that Al2O3 ALD films grown at low temperatures were very smooth with a root-mean-squared (RMS) roughness of only 4 ± 1 Å. Current−voltage and capacitance−voltage measurements showed good electrical properties of the low-temperature Al2O3 ALD films. Elemental analysis of the films using forward recoil spectrometry revealed hydrogen concentrations that increased with decreasing growth temperature. No other elements were observed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry except the parent aluminum and oxygen concentrations. Low-temperature Al2O3 ALD at 58 °C was demonstrated for the first time on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) polymeric substrate. Al2O3 ALD coatings on PET bottles resulted in reduced CO2 gas permeabilities.
Sequence and structural determinants required for priming of plus-strand DNA synthesis by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 polypurine tract (1996)

At the 3' end of all retroviral genomes there is a short, highly conserved sequence known as the polypurine tract (PPT), which serves as the primer for plus-strand DNA synthesis. We have identified the determinants for in vitro priming by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) PPT. We show that when the PPT is removed and placed into different nucleotide contexts, new priming sites are produced at the precise 3' end of the PPT. In addition, we find that a hybrid consisting of a 15- or 20-nucleotide RNA primer annealed to a 35-nucleotide DNA template is competent for initiation of plus-strand synthesis with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Thus, no cis-acting elements appear to be required for priming activity. Changes at the 5' end of the PPT have no effect on primer function, whereas the identity of bases at the 3' end is crucial. A primer containing only the 6 G residues from the 3' end of the wild-type PPT sequence and 9 bases of random sequence at the 5' end functions like a wild-type PPT. A short hybrid having a similar helical structure but a primary sequence different from that of the PPT is cleaved imprecisely, resulting in initiation of synthesis at multiple sites; however, total primer extension is close to the wild-type level. We conclude that helical structure as well as the presence of particular bases at the 3' end of the PPT is essential for PPT function.
Visualization and classification in biomedical terahertz pulsed imaging (2002)

'Visualization' in imaging is the process of extracting useful information from raw data in such a way that meaningful physical contrasts are developed. 'Classification' is the subsequent process of defining parameter ranges which allow us to identify elements of images such as different tissues or different objects. In this paper, we explore techniques for visualization and classification in terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) for biomedical applications. For archived (formalin-fixed, alcohol-dehydrated and paraffin-mounted) test samples, we investigate both time- and frequency-domain methods based on bright- and dark-field TPI. Successful tissue classification is demonstrated.
The role of endotoxin, TNF-α, and IL-6 in inducing the state of growth hormone insensitivity (2002)

The growth hormone insensitivity could be induced by LPS injection, which was associated with down-regulated GHR mRNA expression at receptor level and with up-regulated SOCS-3 mRNA expression at post-receptor level. The in vivo biological activities of LPS were mediated by TNF-alpha and IL-6 indirectly, and TNF-alpha and IL-6 may exert their effects on the receptor and post-receptor levels respectively.
Crystal Vibrations and Intermolecular Forces of Polymethylene Crystals (1965)

Normal frequencies of crystalline polymethylene have been calculated for various phase differences along the c axis of the crystal. Intermolecular hydrogen—hydrogen force constants have been evaluated from the splitting of the spectroscopically active modes. The results of the calculations explain almost satisfactorily the splitting of the progression bands in the infrared spectra of long-chain n-paraffins as well as one lattice vibration band in the far-infrared spectrum of polyethylene.
Morality and the market: consumer pressure for corporate accountability (1990)

Part One: Ethical Purchase Behaviour and the Social Control of Business 1. Capitalism and Consumer Sovereignty 2. Social Control of Business: Corporate Social Responsibility 3. Social Control of Business: From Responsibility and Philanthropy to Accountability 4. Pressure Groups and Pluralism 5. The Boycott Tactic 6. Pressure Groups in the Marketing System Part Two: The Use and Effects of Consumer Boycotts 7. Consumer Boycotts of Business 8. Consumer Boycott Case Studies 9. Effectiveness in the Use of Boycotts and Management Responses 10. Conclusions.
Analysis of efficiency of magnetic stimulation (2003)

Magnetic stimulation can activate excitable tissues noninvasively. However, this method requires high energy to operate and can produce equipment heat that leads to inefficient stimulation. In this study, a comprehensive optimization of efficiency for magnetic stimulation has been conducted. A total of 16 781 coil designs were tested in order to determine the optimal coil geometry and inductance for neural excitation. Induced electric fields were calculated to find the optimal stimulation site (OSS) of a given coil. The threshold energy of a magnetic pulse for neural excitation was then calculated based on the transmembrane responses of a nerve model. Simulation results show that there exists an optimal inductance, as a consequence of an optimal pulse duration, corresponding to a minimum threshold energy. A longer pulse width is required to obtain the maximum efficiency for axons with slower membrane dynamics, a longer coil-to-fiber distance, and greater values of resistance (R) and capacitance (C) of the resistance-inductance-capacitance circuit. The optimal geometry features a minimum coil height, suggesting a flat coil design for optimal efficiency. The dimension of the optimal coil design increases with the coil-to-fiber distance. Moreover, the cloverleaf design achieves the highest efficiency for infinitely long fibers whereas the butterfly design is optimal for terminating or bending fibers.
Efficient encoding for a family of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes (2004)

In general, encoding for LDPC codes can be difficult to realize efficiently. The paper presents techniques and architectures for LDPC encoding that are efficient and practical for a particular class of codes. These codes are the irregular partitioned permutation LDPC codes recently introduced by the author (Hocevar, D.E., Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Commun., p.2708-12, 2003). Since these codes are quasi-cyclic, it is known that a simpler encoding process does exist. The paper goes beyond that basic method by exploiting other structural properties to allow for a simpler and faster encoding process, in both software and hardware. Solutions for some rank deficient codes are also given.
CCLXX.—Degradation of quaternary ammonium salts. Part II (1930)

T. S. Stevens, J. Chem. Soc., 1930, 2107 DOI: 10.1039/JR9300002107
The Conservation of Amino Acids in the N-Terminal Position of Ribosomal and Cytosol Proteins from Escherichia coli, Bacillus stearothermophilus, and Halobacterium cutirubrum (1975)

Alanine, methionine, and serine are the predominant N-terminal residues in the cytosol and ribosomal protein fractions from the thermophile Bacillus stear othermophilus and the extreme halophile Halobacterium cutirubrum, a similar situation to that previously found in Escherichia coli. In all three bacteria the N-terminal residues of the 30S ribosomal proteins are mainly alanine greater than methionine greater than serine whereas in the 50S ribosomal proteins from E. coli and B. stearothermophilus the predominant residues are methionine greater than alanine greater than serine suggesting conservation of specific N-terminal residues in these ribosomal proteins. However, the 50S ribosomal proteins from H. cutirubrum showed serine as the major N-terminal residue.
Attenuated liver fibrosis and depressed serum albumin levels in carbon tetrachloride-treated IL-6-deficient mice (1999)

Chronic intermittent injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for more than 10 weeks induced liver fibrosis in mice, as evidenced by positive Azan staining and increased intrahepatic collagen content. Preceding the onset of liver fibrosis, interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression was enhanced in liver and immunoreactive IL-6 was detected in infiltrating inflammatory cells. To delineate the role of IL-6 in this process, we treated IL-6-deficient mice with CCl4 in a similar manner for 12 weeks, after which fibrotic changes were less evident and serum albumin levels were lower in IL-6-deficient than wild-type mice. Moreover, CCl4-induced expression of transforming growth factor beta1 and hepatocyte growth factor genes in liver was significantly reduced in IL-6-deficient mice. Thus, IL-6 may be vitally involved in fibrotic changes and maintenance of serum albumin levels, partly by modulating intrahepatic expression of these cytokines.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Menopausal Women: A Survey of Western European Women (2006)

Surgically menopausal women are at increased risk for HSDD. HSDD is associated with diminished sexual and partner relationship satisfaction and negative emotional states.