gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A real time vehicle collision detecting and reporting system based on Internet of Things technology (2017)

Hundreds and thousands of vehicle are involved in severe traffic accident every year world-wide. The place where accidents are more likely to happen include someplace where has few inhabitants or no camera surveillance such as highway and Country trail. In this situation, it will impede rescuing process when driver is comatose by a severe collision accident. Vehicle Collision Sensor Systems are a valid device for increasing drivers safety by informing the police of precise location of the accident automatically through telephone after accidents. In this work, we present a collision reporting system based on TCP/IP protocol. The system is composed of three parts, vehicle collision sensor terminal worked on car cigarette lighter, application used on smartphones and remote server based on LabVIEW software. At the end of the paper, remote control and alarm tests are carried out. A detailed evaluation of the proposed system and collision reporting demonstrates the suitability as Vehicle Collision Reporting System for human drivers.
FES Kinase Promotes Mast Cell Recruitment to Mammary Tumors via the Stem Cell Factor/KIT Receptor Signaling Axis (2012)

KIT receptor is required for mast cell development, survival, and migration toward its ligand stem cell factor (SCF). Many solid tumors express SCF and this leads to mast cell recruitment to tumors and release of mediators linked to tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Here, we investigate whether FES protein-tyrosine kinase, a downstream effector of KIT signaling in mast cells, is required for migration of mast cells toward SCF-expressing mammary tumors. Using a novel agarose drop assay for chemotaxis of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) toward SCF, we found that defects in chemotaxis of fes-null BMMCs correlated with disorganized microtubule networks in polarized cells. FES displayed partial colocalization with microtubules in polarized BMMCs and has at least two direct microtubule binding sites within its N-terminal F-BAR and SH2 domains. An oligomerization-disrupting mutation within the Fer/CIP4 homology-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domain had no effect on microtubule binding, whereas microtubule binding to the SH2 domain was dependent on the phosphotyrosine-binding pocket. FES involvement in mast cell recruitment to tumors was tested using the AC2M2 mouse mammary carcinoma model. These tumor cells expressed SCF and promoted BMMC recruitment in a KIT- and FES-dependent manner. Engraftment of AC2M2 orthotopic and subcutaneous tumors in control or fes-null mice, revealed a key role for FES in recruitment of mast cells to the tumor periphery. This may contribute to the reduced tumor growth and metastases observed in fes-null mice compared with control mice. Taken together, FES is a potential therapeutic target to limit the progression of tumors with stromal mast cell involvement.
Impaired phosphate handling of renal allografts is aggravated under rapamycin‐based immunosuppression (2001)

These data suggest that rapamycin-based immunosuppression prolongs the phosphate leak of the allografted kidney, leading to low serum phosphate levels during the first weeks after transplantation.
The SLS-Generated Soft Robotic Hand - An Integrated Approach Using Additive Manufacturing and Reinforcement Learning (2013)

To develop a robotic system for a complex task is a time-consuming process. Merging methods available today, a new approach for a faster realization of a multi-finger soft robotic hand is presented here. This paper introduces a robotic hand with four fingers and 12 Degrees of Freedom (DoFs) using bellow actuators. The hand is generated via Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), an Additive Manufacturing method. The complex task execution of a specific action, i.e. the lifting, rotating and precise positioning of a handling-object with this robotic hand, is used to structure the whole development process. To validate reliable functionality of the hand from the beginning, each development stage is SLS-generated and the targeted task execution is trained via Reinforcement Learning, a machine learning approach. Optimization points are subsequently derived and fed back into the hardware development. With this Concurrent Engineering strategy a fast development of this robotic hand is possible. The paper outlines the relevant key strategies and gives insight into the design process. At the end, the final hand with its capabilities is presented and discussed.
Recent Insights into Carotid Baroreflex Function in Humans Using the Variable Pressure Neck Chamber (2003)

The variable pressure neck chamber has provided an invaluable research tool for the non-invasive assessment of carotid baroreflex (CBR) function in human investigations. The ability to construct complete stimulus-response curves and define specific parameters of the reflex function curve permits statistical comparisons of baroreflex function between different experimental conditions, such as rest and exercise. Results have convincingly indicated that the CBR stimulus-response curve is reset during exercise in an intensity-dependent manner to functionally operate around the prevailing pressure elicited by the exercise workload. Furthermore, both at rest and during exercise, alterations in stroke volume do not contribute importantly to the maintenance of arterial blood pressure by the carotid baroreceptors, and therefore, any reflex-induced changes in cardiac output (Q) are the result of CBR-mediated changes in heart rate. However, more importantly, the CBR-induced changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) are primarily mediated by alterations in vascular conductance with only minimal contributions from Q to the initial reflex MAP response. Thus, the capacity of the CBR to regulate blood pressure depends critically on its ability to alter vascular tone both at rest and during exercise. This review will emphasize the utility of the variable pressure neck chamber to assess CBR function in human experimental investigations and the mechanisms by which the CBR responds to alterations in arterial blood pressure both at rest and during exercise.
A mutation in the insulin 2 gene induces diabetes with severe pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in the Mody mouse (1999)

The mouse autosomal dominant mutation Mody develops hyperglycemia with notable pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. This study demonstrates that one of the alleles of the gene for insulin 2 in Mody mice encodes a protein product that substitutes tyrosine for cysteine at the seventh amino acid of the A chain in its mature form. This mutation disrupts a disulfide bond between the A and B chains and can induce a drastic conformational change of this molecule. Although there was no gross defect in the transcription from the wild-type insulin 2 allele or two alleles of insulin 1, levels of proinsulin and insulin were profoundly diminished in the beta cells of Mody mice, suggesting that the number of wild-type (pro)insulin molecules was also decreased. Electron microscopy revealed a dramatic reduction of secretory granules and a remarkably enlarged lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Little proinsulin was processed to insulin, but high molecular weight forms of proinsulin existed with concomitant overexpression of BiP, a molecular chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, mutant proinsulin expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was inefficiently secreted, and its intracellular fraction formed complexes with BiP and was eventually degraded. These findings indicate that mutant proinsulin was trapped and accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum, which could induce beta-cell dysfunction and account for the dominant phenotype of this mutation.
Semi-Automatic 2D-to-3D Conversion Using Disparity Propagation (2011)

Estimating 3D information from an image sequence has long been a challenging problem, especially for dynamic scenes. In this paper, a novel semi-automatic 2D-to-3D conversion method is presented to estimate the disparity maps for regular 2D video shots. Our method requires only a few user-scribbles on very sparse key frames, and then other frames of the video are converted to 3D automatically. Multiple objects are first segmented by the input user-scribbles. Then, the initial disparity map is assigned to each key frame with the aid of various preset disparity models for each object. After the disparity assignment step, disparity maps for other frames of the video are obtained through a disparity propagation strategy taking into account both color similarity and motion information. Finally, the 3D video is synthesized according to the type of 3D display device. Our method is verified on different kinds of challenging sequences containing occlusion, textureless regions, color ambiguity, large displacement movements, etc. The experimental results show that our method has better performance than the state-of-the-art 2D-to-3D conversion systems.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Amine Conjugate Addition (2006)

The first enantioselective organocatalytic amine conjugate addition has been successfully developed. The application of LUMO-lowering iminium catalysis has enabled the highly chemo- and enantioselective 1,4-addition of a rationally designed N-silyloxycarbamate nucleophile (HOMO-raised) to alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes. Imidazolidinone 2*pTSA was found to catalyze the addition of various orthogonally N-protected silyloxycarbamate nucleophiles to a range of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, affording synthetically useful beta-amino aldehyde intermediates. The synthetic utility of the protocol was demonstrated in the rapid synthesis of enantioenriched beta-amino acids in one operation and 1,3-amino alcohol derivatives in three operations.
Oral Delivery System for Low Molecular Weight Protamine-Dextran-Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Carrying Exenatide to Overcome The Mucus Barrier and Improve Intestinal Targeting Efficiency (2018)

<b>Aim:</b> This study aimed to explore the effect of nanoparticles loaded with exenatide in overcoming the mucus barrier and improving intestinal targeting efficiency, to improve the oral bioavailability. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Low molecular weight protamine (LMWP)-dextran-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) was used to create LMWP-dextran-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-nanoparticles (LDPs) encapsulating exenatide-Zn<sup>2+</sup> complex.<b>Results & conclusion:</b> LDPs showed improved penetration of the mucus barrier, and LMWP was helpful for mediating cell translocation through protein transduction domains. The absorption sites and distribution rates of LDPs were verified by intestinal localization experiments and <i>in vivo</i> distribution experiments. Cell uptake and transmembrane experiments confirmed the absorption efficiency in the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, the relative bioavailability after oral administration of exenatide-Zn<sup>2+</sup>-LDPs was 8.4%, with a significant hypoglycemic effect on Type 2 diabetic mice.
In Vivo Measurements of Glutamate, GABA, and NAAG in Schizophrenia (2012)

The major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively, are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), a neuropeptide that modulates the Glu system, may also be altered in schizophrenia. This study investigated GABA, Glu + glutamine (Glx), and NAAG levels in younger and older subjects with schizophrenia. Forty-one subjects, 21 with chronic schizophrenia and 20 healthy controls, participated in this study. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) was used to measure GABA, Glx, and NAAG levels in the anterior cingulate (AC) and centrum semiovale (CSO) regions. NAAG in the CSO was higher in younger schizophrenia subjects compared with younger control subjects. The opposite pattern was observed in the older groups. Glx was reduced in the schizophrenia group irrespective of age group and brain region. There was a trend for reduced AC GABA in older schizophrenia subjects compared with older control subjects. Poor attention performance was correlated to lower AC GABA levels in both groups. Higher levels of CSO NAAG were associated with greater negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. These results provide support for altered glutamatergic and GABAergic function associated with illness course and cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The study also highlights the importance of studies that combine MRS measurements of NAAG, GABA, and Glu for a more comprehensive neurochemical characterization of schizophrenia.
Design tradeoffs for hard and soft FPGA-based Networks-on-Chip (2012)

Incorporating Networks-on-Chip (NoC) within FPGAs has the potential not only to improve the efficiency of the interconnect, but also to increase designer productivity and reduce compile time by raising the abstraction level of communication. By comparing NoC components on FPGAs and ASICs we quantify the efficiency gap between the two platforms and use the results to understand the design tradeoffs in that space. The crossbar has the largest FPGA vs. ASIC gaps: 85× area and 4.4× delay, while the input buffers have the smallest: 17× area and 2.9× delay. For a soft NoC router, these results indicate that wide datapaths, deep buffers and a small number of ports and virtual channels (VC) are favorable for FPGA implementation. If one hardens a complete state-of-the-art VC router it is on average 30× more area efficient and can achieve 3.6× the maximum frequency of a soft implementation. We show that this hard router can be integrated with the soft FPGA interconnect, and still achieve an area improvement of 22×. A 64-node NoC of hard routers with soft interconnect utilizes area equivalent to 1.6% of the logic modules in the latest FPGAs, compared to 33% for a soft NoC.
USE OF ADJUVANTS IN STUDIES ON INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION (1953)

Studies dealing with the application to man of influenza virus vaccines emulsified in a mineral oil of low viscosity have been in progress for several years. The data derived in the course of these investigations have significance not only for the problem of influenza immunization but for others of a similar nature. A summary of new data is reported here because the experience with influenza virus vaccines emulsified in light mineral oil was an important factor in facilitating the extension in human subjects of studies with experimental poliomyelitis vaccines; a report of the latter appeared inThe JournalMarch 28 (page 1081). There are discussions in the earlier papers of this series<sup>1</sup>and in another recent report<sup>2</sup>of the problem involved in the development of a vaccine for influenza that would be effective against the immunologically different types as well as the different strains within each type. In
Specific cleavage of a protein by an attached iron chelate (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpecific cleavage of a protein by an attached iron chelateTariq M. Rana and Claude F. MearesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 6, 2457–2458Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00162a077https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00162a077research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views539Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Between umbra and penumbra (2007)

Computing shadow boundaries is a difficult problem in the case of non-pointlight sources. A point is in the umbra if it does not see any part of anylight source; it is in full light if it sees entirely all the light sources;otherwise, it is in the penumbra. While the common boundary of the penumbraand the full light is well understood, less is known about the boundary of theumbra. In this paper we prove various bounds on the complexity of the umbra andthe penumbra cast by a segment or polygonal light source on a plane in the presence ofpolygon or polytope obstacles. In particular, we show that a single segment light source may cast on a plane, in thepresence of two triangles, four connected components of umbra and that two fatconvex obstacles of total complexity n can engender Ω(n) connectedcomponents of umbra. In a scene consisting of a segment light source and kdisjoint polytopes of total complexity n, we prove an Ω(nk2+k4)lower bound on the maximum number of connected components of the umbra and a O(nk3) upper bound on its complexity. We also prove that, in the presence of kdisjoint polytopes of total complexity n, some of which being light sources,the umbra cast on a plane may have Ω(n2k3 +nk5) connected components and has complexity O(n3k3).These are the first bounds on the size of the umbra in terms of both k and n. These results prove that the umbra, which is bounded by arcs of conics,is intrinsically much more intricate than the full light/penumbra boundary whichis bounded by linesegments and whose worst-case complexity is in Ω(nα(k) +km +k2) and O(nα(k) + kmα(k) +k2), where m is the complexity of the polygonallight source.
Functional properties and intracellular signaling of CCN1/Cyr61 (2006)

CCN1/Cyr61 is a member of the protein family that can be promptly induced by growth factors. CCN1/Cyr61 promotes cell proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. It plays important roles in angiogenesis and extracellular matrix production. In addition, CCN1/Cyr61 has many potential functions in tumorigenesis, development, embryo implantation, as well as formation of endometriotic lesions. Expression of CCN1/Cyr61 is regulated by a variety of agents including cytokines, growth factors, steroid hormones, and some drugs. These inducers regulate the transcription of CCN1/Cyr61 through several signaling transduction pathways. CCN1/Cyr61 is able to interact either with the cell itself or the surrounding cells through an autocrine-paracrine mechanism. It has been reported that CCN1/Cyr61 exerts its functions via interacting with at least five integrins as well as heparan sulfate proteoglycan. By activating Wnt, NF-kappaB, or tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, CCN1/Cyr61 is not only able to control the growth of epithelial cells and fibroblasts, but also induce or suppress apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner.
Conventional protein kinase C (PKC)‐α and novel PKCε, but not ‐δ, increase the secretion of an N‐terminal fragment of Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein from PKC cDNA transfected 3Y1 fibroblasts (1995)

A large soluble N-terminal fragment of Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein (secreted form of APP: APPs) is produced by constitutive processing in the middle of the amyloid beta-protein portion of APP. Recent studies indicate that the activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol ester raises the rate of secretion of APPs. We constructed rat fibroblast 3Y1 cells that stably overexpress PKC isoenzymes alpha, delta, or epsilon, and analyzed the amount of APPs released from these PKC transfectants. The levels of APPs released from 3Y1 cells overexpressing PKC alpha and -epsilon were higher than those from PKC delta-transfected and control cells expressing vector only. These results suggest that specific isoforms of PKC regulate the secretion of APPs through a signaling pathway.
Controlling Nanocrystal Superlattice Symmetry and Shape-Anisotropic Interactions through Variable Ligand Surface Coverage (2011)

The assembly of colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) into superstructures with long-range translational and orientational order is sensitive to the molecular interactions between ligands bound to the NC surface. We illustrate how ligand coverage on colloidal PbS NCs can be exploited as a tunable parameter to direct the self-assembly of superlattices with predefined symmetry. We show that PbS NCs with dense ligand coverage assemble into face-centered cubic (fcc) superlattices whereas NCs with sparse ligand coverage assemble into body-centered cubic (bcc) superlattices which also exhibit orientational ordering of NCs in their lattice sites. Surface chemistry characterization combined with density functional theory calculations suggest that the loss of ligands occurs preferentially on {100} than on reconstructed {111} NC facets. The resulting anisotropic ligand distribution amplifies the role of NC shape in the assembly and leads to the formation of superlattices with translational and orientational order.
Prodruggability of carbohydrates — oral FimH antagonists (2016)

The bacterial lectin FimH is a promising therapeutic target for the nonantibiotic prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. In this communication, an ester prodrug approach is described to achieve oral bioavailability for FimH antagonists. By introducing short-chain acyl promoieties at the C-6 position of a biphenyl α-d-mannopyranoside, prodrugs with an excellent absorption potential were obtained. The human carboxylesterase 2 was identified as a main enzyme mediating rapid bioconversion to the active principle. Despite their propensity to hydrolysis within the enterocytes during absorption, these ester prodrugs present a considerable progress in the development of orally available FimH antagonists.
Clinical Considerations in the Design of Protocols for Somatic Gene Therapy (1991)

Despite two decades of investigating the potential for somatic gene therapy in curing human disease, few clinical trials are being proposed. This delay is due in part to limitations of existing methods for gene transfer and to the recognized need to proceed judiciously into this controversial arena. Delay is also caused by a disjunction between the traditional precedents and principles of clinical investigation and the procedures instituted to regulate somatic gene therapy. The premise of this report is twofold: first, that more extensive clinical investigation of gene transfer technologies would be beneficial to patients, medicine, and basic science and second, that clinical investigations could be expedited by appealing to the established experience in clinical investigation without compromising the scientific excellence and discipline essential for this highly public process. This report develops a clinical perspective on potential applications of existing gene transfer technologies and the issues involved in developing experimental protocols. The initiation of clinical trials should be a primary goal of gene therapy research programs.