gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modifications of the PSAP region of the matrix protein lead to attenuation of vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro and in vivo (2007)

The matrix (M) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a multi-functional protein involved in virus assembly, budding and pathogenesis. The (24)PPPY(27) late (L) domain of the M protein plays a key role in virus budding, whereas amino acids downstream of the PPPY motif contribute to host protein shut-off and pathogenesis. Using a panel of (37)PSAP(40) recombinant viruses, it has been demonstrated previously that the PSAP region of M does not possess L-domain activity similar to that of PPPY in BHK-21 cells. This study reports the unanticipated finding that these PSAP recombinants were attenuated in cell culture and in mice compared with control viruses. Indeed, PSAP recombinant viruses exhibited a small-plaque phenotype, reduced CPE, reduced levels of activated caspase-3, enhanced production of IFN-beta and reduced titres in the lungs and brains of infected mice. In particular, recombinant virus M6PY>A4-R34E was the most severely attenuated, exhibiting little or no CPE in cell culture and undetectable titres in the lungs and brains of infected mice. These findings indicate an important role for the PSAP region (aa 33-44) of the M protein in the pathology of VSV infection and may have implications for the development of VSV as a vaccine and/or oncolytic vector.
Total Alignment of Calcite at Acidic Polydiacetylene Films: Cooperativity at the Organic-Inorganic Interface (1995)

Biological matrices can direct the absolute alignment of inorganic crystals such as calcite. Cooperative effects at an organic-inorganic interface resulted in similar co-alignment of calcite at polymeric Langmuir-Schaefer films of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (p-PDA). The films nucleated calcite at the (012) face, and the crystals were co-aligned with respect to the polymer's conjugated backbone. At the same time, the p-PDA alkyl side chains reorganized to optimize the stereochemical fit to the calcite structure, as visualized by changes in the optical spectrum of the polymer. These results indicate the kinds of interactions that may occur in biological systems where large arrays of crystals are co-aligned.
Inhibitory Effect of Candesartan and Rosuvastatin on CD40 and MMPs Expression in Apo-E Knockout Mice (2004)

This study, for the first time, demonstrates that the combination of candesartan and rosuvastatin markedly affects the expression of CD40 and MMPs, resulting in a greater anti-atherosclerotic effect.
Treatment of Primary FSGS in Adults (2012)

Over the last 20 years, primary FSGS has emerged as one of the leading causes of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in adults, particularly among African Americans. In nephrotic patients, progression to ESRD often occurs over the course of 5-10 years, whereas non-nephrotic patients and those entering a remission have an extremely favorable prognosis. As a result, it is in patients who remain persistently nephrotic despite conservative therapy that a more aggressive therapeutic approach is taken. Primary FSGS was once considered an entity nonresponsive to prednisone or immunosuppressive agents, but it has become apparent over the last 20 years that a substantial portion of nephrotic adults with primary FSGS do respond to treatment with a significantly improved prognosis. The recent histologic classification proposed for FSGS has provided additional insights into the prognosis and response to therapy. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding the presentation, prognosis, and therapeutic approach in adults with primary FSGS.
Dopamine System Stabilizers, Aripiprazole, and the Next Generation of Antipsychotics, Part 2: Illustrating Their Mechanism of Action (2001)

Article AbstractBrainstormsA new class of antipsychotics, called dopamine system stabilizers (DSSs), is in research and development and could become the next generation of treatment for schizophrenia and psychotic illnesses. On the one hand, DSSs reduce dopaminergic neurotransmission when dopamine is excessive in the limbic system; on the other hand, these agents maintain or enhance dopaminergic neurotransmission so that it is in the normal range in motor areas of the brain (the nigrostriatal system). DSSs thus reduce the hyperactivity of dopamine neurons that mediate psychosis and at the same time restore dopamine activity in the cortical regions that mediate negative and cognitive symptoms as well as the brain areas that regulate motor movements and prolactin.
Magnetic Orientation and Magnetic Properties of a Single Carbon Nanotube (2001)

Carbon nanotubes were suspended in carbon tetrachloride and placed in magnetic fields of <80.0 kOe at 310 K. Scanning electron microscopy showed that a single and free nanotube was oriented with the tube axis parallel to the fields. From the Boltzmann distribution of tube directions, the anisotropy of susceptibilities parallel (χ∥) and perpendicular (χ⊥) to the tube axis is estimated to be χ∥ − χ⊥ ∼ (9 ± 5) × 10-6 emu per mole of carbon atoms (χ⊥ < χ∥ < 0).
Rudd Trip Repairing Australia's Damaged Reputation (2008)

The trip of Australian Prime Minister Rudd to China and the United States will go a long way in improving and balancing Australia's relations with the two nations. But further efforts have to made to gain lost credibility in the United Nations before Australia could be a candidate for the UN Security Council.
Parsing with treebank grammars (2001)

This paper presents empirical studies and closely corresponding theoretical models of the performance of a chart parser exhaustively parsing the Penn Treebank with the Treebank's own CFG grammar. We show how performance is dramatically affected by rule representation and tree transformations, but little by top-down vs. bottom-up strategies. We discuss grammatical saturation, including analysis of the strongly connected components of the phrasal nonterminals in the Treebank, and model how, as sentence length increases, the effective grammar rule size increases as regions of the grammar are unlocked, yielding super-cubic observed time behavior in some configurations.
Abstract 4047: Mining of microRNA signatures in endometrial cancer (2010)

Abstract [Introduction] Endometrial cancer has now become the most common gynaecologic malignancy worldwide. About 80-90 % of endometrial cancer are endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas (EEC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by inducing cleavage of the targeted messenger or by inhibiting translation. Our entire study was to mine miRNA signatures involved in EEC tumorigenesis and progression. Here we report a part of the results that is on miRNAs associated with endometrial cancer progression in vitro. [Methods] We examined the expression of 365 mature miRNAs by real-time RT-PCR based plate assays in 52 EEC including 30 advanced- and 22 early-stage tumors, and compared that to 30 normal counterparts. To know about the deregulated miRNAs associated with endometrial cell behavior, miRNA inhibitor and pre-miRNA were used to inhibit up-regulated miRNA and induce down-regulated miRNA in highly invasive endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A cells. Quantitative TaqMan RT-PCR was performed to measure miRNA levels in cells before and after treatment, respectively. Migration and invasion assays were carried out to evaluate effects of those deregulated miRNAs on invasion of endometrial cancer cells in vitro. [Results] Supervised clustering analysis of global miRNA expression in endometrial caner and normal control identified 17 miRNAs up-regulated and 2 miRNAs down-regulated, respectively, in EEC. When the miRNA expression profiles in advanced stage tumors were compared to those in early stage tumors, 6 miRNAs were significantly over-expressed and one miRNA under-expressed in advanced stage tumors. Cell migration and invasion assay showed the ability of cell migration and invasion was significantly inhibited by anti-miR-7, anti-miR-194, anti-miR-449b and pre-miR-204 in HEC-1A cells in vitro. [Conclusion] Unique miRNA signatures seem to be existed in ECC. Deregulated miRNAs miR-7, miR-194, miR-204 and miR-449b might mediate endometrial cancer progress. These miRNAs are potentially to be developed as novel diagnostic and/or prognostic molecular markers as well as candidate therapeutic targets of EEC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4047.
CHEMOKINES, SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE, AND CELL MIGRATION IN SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS (2004)

Secondary lymphoid organs serve as hubs for the adaptive immune system, bringing together antigen, antigen-presenting cells, and lymphocytes. Two families of G protein-coupled receptors play essential roles in lymphocyte migration through these organs: chemokine receptors and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors. Chemokines expressed by lymphoid stromal cells guide lymphocyte and dendritic cell movements during antigen surveillance and the initiation of adaptive immune responses. S1P receptor-1 is required for lymphocyte egress from thymus and secondary lymphoid organs and is downregulated by the immunosuppressive drug FTY720. Here, we review the steps associated with the initiation of adaptive immune responses in secondary lymphoid organs, highlighting the roles of chemokines and S1P.
Map matching — Elastic shape matching by multiangled parallelism (1991)

Abstract To extract geometric features by parallel operation, a directional erosion/dilation operation method by unifying directional feature field and directional parallel operation was proposed and its effectiveness was verified by application to the extraction of buildings, roads, hatching regions, and character regions from a topographical map. This paper extends this method further and proposes the “multiangled parallelism matching method” for extracting higher‐order features (models of shapes) composed of relation among lines. The input is represented by “directional planes.” The model of a shape is given as a “direction” at each “evaluation point” and “displacement” from the previous evaluation point to the evaluation point. Matching is performed by repeating parallel operation for the entire plane of “translation” of a “counter plane” storing evaluated quantity and “addition” of the plant of input direction into the counter plane. The MAP matching method has a feature that the result of exhaustive matching for directional elastic templates is obtained as consecutive evaluated quantities by parallel operation. The exhaustive template matching, Hough transform, and DP matching method are compared, and the results of recognition experiments of echocardiograms of the heart are shown.
Catalytic Enantioselective and Catalyst‐Controlled Diastereofacial‐Selective Additions of Allyl‐ and Crotylboronates to Aldehydes Using Chiral Brønsted Acids (2006)

Towards the ideal: A chiral diol–SnCl4 complex is applied to the allylboration of aldehydes (see scheme). This approach highlights the use of chiral Brønsted acid catalysis in the development of an ideal method for the allylation of aldehydes which would display high diastereo- and enantioselectivity, wide substrate scope, and high practicality (ease of use, low cost, and low environmental impact). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z504432_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mechanism of action of the novel anticancer agent 6-fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro-1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarbo xylic acid sodium salt (NSC 368390): inhibition of de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. (1986)

Exposure of cultured clone A human colon tumor cells to 25 to 75 microM of NSC 368390 [6-fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro-1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarbox yli c acid sodium salt, DuP 785] for 48 to 72 h resulted in a 99.9% cell kill as determined by clonogenic assay. Cells exposed to NSC 368390 became depleted in intracellular pools of uridine 5'-triphosphate and cytidine 5'-triphosphate. Both uridine 5'-triphosphate and cytidine 5'-triphosphate were decreased to 50% of levels in control cells at 3 h and were undetectable at 15 h after addition of 25 microM of NSC 368390 to the cultures. Similar effects were observed in L1210 leukemia cells. Addition of 0.1 mM of uridine or cytidine restored intracellular pools of uridine 5'-triphosphate and cytidine 5'-triphosphate to control levels and rescued clone A cells from NSC 368390 cytotoxicity. Addition of uridine circumvented NSC 368390 cytotoxicity in L1210 cells, but addition of cytidine did not. This result is consistent with the fact that L1210 cells lack cytidine deaminase and thus cannot form uridine or its anabolites from cytidine. These results indicated that NSC 368390 inhibits a step in the de novo biosynthetic pathway leading to uridine 5'-monophosphate. Therefore, the effects of NSC 368390 on the six enzymes that comprise the de novo pathway leading to the formation of uridine 5'-monophosphate were examined. The results showed that NSC 368390 was a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pathway; thus, this study demonstrates that NSC 368390 exerts its tumoricidal effect by inhibiting a step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis resulting in the depletion of critical precursors for RNA and DNA synthesis.
Follicle stimulating hormone and its receptor: future perspectives (1998)

In this report, we review our present effort in the field of molecular reproductive endocrinology: to identify a small molecular weight follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) agonistic molecule. To achieve this goal we require a number of molecular tools. We have cloned and expressed the human gonadotrophin, FSH and the human FSH receptor and developed a reliable high throughput assay. We have also proposed a model to explain FSH receptor activation and from that model, begun to create small molecules predicted to induce FSH signal transduction without binding to the extracellular domain of the membrane protein. In this report, we summarize our efforts to date and discuss our future research efforts in this area.
Managed Care (1995)

IT IS A PLEASURE to be back among Surgical Chairmen. Bill Kelley and I are each going to outline our approaches to the matter of setting up academic health system networks, with an academic center at the core. Our approaches as we went into this are somewhat different, but I think we will come out about the same. We started the New York Hospital/Cornell network about 5 to 6 years ago. We were just coming out of a major financial crisis that frightened us badly; the hospital had lost $1 million a week for about 18 months. We survived that crisis, and we are committed to an $840 million project for the upgrading of our hospital. We approached the future by looking around the country at what was going on in California, Michigan, and Minneapolis. In 1989, we decided that for the academic medical center to survive, as the country
Hierarchical self-healing rings (1995)

Traffic restoration in case of a failure in a circuit-switched telecommunications network involves finding alternate paths for all working paths that are severed by the failure, and rerouting affected traffic on these alternate paths. A new hierarchical self-healing ring (HSHR) architecture for circuit-switched networks is proposed and the design of HSHR networks is considered. A general cost model incorporating both the installation cost and the material cost is used. It is shown that the enumeration method, which finds the optimum configuration of HSHR, can only be used for small networks due to the complexity. Heuristic algorithms to find near-optimum HSHR configurations are presented. The routing and dimensioning of HSHR are also considered. Dimensioning of an HSHR is transformed into dimensioning of single self-healing rings inside the HSHR. Numerical results show that the performance of the heuristic is satisfactory.
A model for scattering due to interface roughness in finite quantum wells (2005)

A model for scattering due to interface roughness in finite quantum wells (QWs) is developed within the framework of the Boltzmann transport equation and a simple and explicit expression between mobility limited by interface roughness scattering and barrier height is obtained. The main advantage of our model is that it does not involve complicated wavefunction calculations, and thus it is convenient for predicting the mobility in thin finite QWs. It is found that the mobility limited by interface roughness is one order of amplitude higher than the results derived by assuming an infinite barrier, for finite barrier height QWs where x = 0.3. The mobility first decreases and then flattens out as the barrier confinement increases. The experimental results may be explained with monolayers of asperity height 1-2, and a correlation length of about 33 angstrom. The calculation results are in excellent agreement with the experimental data from AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs QWs.
PCR detection and characterization of type-2 porcine circovirus. (2000)

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detecting porcine circovirus (PCV). The assay readily detected type-2 PCV (PCV-2) and type-1 PCV (PCV-1). The PCR primers were designed based on DNA sequences conserved in all reported PCV genomes. Type 1 PCV and type 2 PCV both produced 438 bp amplification products, which were easily identified and differentiated from one another by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Porcine circovirus was detected in 55% (931/1693) of randomly tested pigs with various clinical signs and lesions, most of which were difficult to differentiate from those associated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). The PCR products from all positive clinical samples were identified by RFLP to be only PCV-2; DNA tested by PCR was extracted directly from one or more of lung, mesenteric or mediastinal lymph nodes, and tonsil. Type 2 PCV was also detected in 6% (2/34) of DNA extracted directly from semen of randomly chosen healthy boars. Positive PCR reactions from 554 diseased pigs were characterized by RFLP and categorized into 5 different profiles (A-E), of which 82.8% were PCV-2A (456/554), 3.0% were PCV-2B (17/554), 9.9% were PCV-2C (55/554), 1.1% were PCV-2D (6/554), and 3.2% were PCV-2E (18/554). The complete genomic nucleotide sequences of PCV-2A, B, C, D, and E were determined and found to have at least 95% homology compared with one another and with all other PCV-2 found in the GenBank database. All PCV-2 had less than 76% homology with PCV-1. This PCR assay will hopefully be useful to veterinary diagnostic laboratories for routine testing and surveillance of infection with PCV-2. The RFLP profiling system might be useful for preliminary characterization and identification of PCV isolates and might also benefit studies on the molecular epidemiology of PCV.
Synthesis of a Small Molecule Combinatorial Library Encoded with Molecular Tags (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of a Small Molecule Combinatorial Library Encoded with Molecular TagsJohn J. Baldwin, Jonathan J. Burbaum, Ian Henderson, and Michael H. J. OhlmeyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 20, 5588–5589Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00125a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00125a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Thermal stability of PNA/DNA and DNA/DNA duplexes by differential scanning calorimetry (1999)

Thermodynamics of the thermal dissociation transitions of 10 bp PNA/DNA duplexes and their corresponding DNA/DNA duplexes in 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) were determined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The PNA/DNA transition temperatures ranged from 329 to 343 K and the calorimetric transition enthalpies ranged from 209 +/- 6 to 283 +/- 37 kJ mol(-1). The corresponding DNA/DNA transition temperatures were 7-20 K lower and the transition enthalpies ranged from 72 +/- 29 to 236 +/- 24 kJ mol(-1). Agreement between the DSC and UV monitored melting (UVM) determined transition enthalpies validated analyzing the UVM transitions in terms of a two-state transition model. The transitions exhibited reversibility and were analyzed in terms of an AB = A + B two-state transition model which yielded van't Hoff enthalpies in agreement with the transition enthalpies. Extrapolation of the transition enthalpies and free energy changes to ambient temperatures yielded more negative values than those determined directly from isothermal titration calorimetry measurements on formation of the duplexes. This discrepancy was attributed to thermodynamic differences in the single-strand structures at ambient and at the transition temperatures, as indicated by UVM measurements on single DNA and PNA strands.
Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade in Resectable Lung Cancer (2018)

Neoadjuvant nivolumab was associated with few side effects, did not delay surgery, and induced a major pathological response in 45% of resected tumors. The tumor mutational burden was predictive of the pathological response to PD-1 blockade. Treatment induced expansion of mutation-associated, neoantigen-specific T-cell clones in peripheral blood. (Funded by Cancer Research Institute-Stand Up 2 Cancer and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02259621 .).