gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The human debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D) locus: sequence and identification of the polymorphic CYP2D6 gene, a related gene, and a pseudogene. (1989)

The debrisoquine-4-hydroxylase polymorphism is a genetic variation in oxidative drug metabolism characterized by two phenotypes, the extensive metabolizer (EM) and poor metabolizer (PM). Of the Caucasian populations of Europe and North America, 5%-10% are of the PM phenotype and are unable to metabolize debrisoquine and numerous other drugs. The defect is caused by several mutant alleles of the CYP2D6 gene, two of which are detected in about 70% of PMs. We have constructed a genomic library from lymphocyte DNA of an EM positively identified by pedigree analysis to be homozygous for the normal CYP2D6 allele. The normal CYP2D6 gene was isolated; was completely sequenced, including 1,531 and 3,522 bp of 5' and 3' flanking DNA, respectively; and was found to contain nine exons within 4,378 bp. Two other genes, designated CYP2D7 and CYP2D8P, were also cloned and sequenced. CYP2D8P contains several gene-disrupting insertions, deletions, and termination codons within its exons, indicating that this is a pseudogene. CYP2D7, which is just downstream of CYP2D8P, is apparently normal, except for the presence, in the first exon, of an insertion that disrupts the reading frame. A hypothesis is presented that the presence of a pseudogene within the CYP2D subfamily transfers detrimental mutations via gene conversions into the CYP2D6 gene, thus accounting for the high frequency of mutations observed in the CYP2D6 gene in humans.
Improved Outcome after Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice with Increased Levels of Endogenous Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (2012)

Functional recovery after a peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is often poor. There is a need for therapies that protect neurons against injury and enhance regeneration. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have therapeutic potential in a variety of neurological disorders, including acute traumatic injury. The objective of this study was to assess the neuroprotective and pro-regenerative potential of ω-3 PUFAs in PNI. We investigated this in mice that express the fat-1 gene encoding for ω-3 fatty acid desaturase, which leads to an increase in endogenous ω-3 PUFAs and a concomitant decrease in ω-6 PUFAs. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from wild-type or fat-1 mice were subjected to a mechanical strain or hypoxic injury, and cell death was assessed using ethidium homodimer-1 labeling. The fat-1 background appears to confer robust neuroprotection against both injuries. We then examined the early functional and morphological changes in wild-type and fat-1 mice after a sciatic nerve crush. An accelerated functional recovery 7 d after injury was seen in fat-1 mice when assessed using von Frey filaments and the sciatic nerve functional index. These observations were also mapped to changes in injury-related markers. The injury-induced expression of ATF-3 was decreased in the DRG of fat-1 mice, whereas the axons detected 6 mm distal to the crush were increased. Fat-1 animals also had some protection against muscle atrophy after injury. In conclusion, both in vitro and in vivo experiments support the idea that a higher endogenous ω-3 PUFA could lead to beneficial effects after a PNI.
Depth image-based rendering with low resolution depth (2009)

This paper proposes a new approach for depth image-based rendering (DIBR) with low resolution depth using the 3D propagation algorithm. Our novel depth edge enhancement method efficiently corrects and sharpens the depth edges in the propagated depth image using available high resolution color information. Experimental results show that only with 4% depth information kept for low resolution depth image, the proposed method can provide comparable rendering quality to that of the high resolution case. Furthermore, the proposed work is developed to match the fine-grain parallelism of general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) and hence can be accelerated to nearly real-time operations in low cost DIBR systems.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Tantalum Oxide Thin Films from Iodide Precursor (2000)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Ta2O5 films from evaporated TaI5 and H2O−H2O2 was investigated in the temperature range of 240−400 °C. It was shown that TaI5 as a novel ALD precursor is sufficiently stable for deposition of amorphous or polycrystalline films. According to XPS, the films were free from iodine residues. The refractive index of the films reached 2.24. The film formation mechanism depended on the substrate temperature. The growth rate decreased linearly with substrate temperature. Real time monitoring of the growth process with a quartz crystal microbalance revealed the self-limiting nature of reactions between the film surface and precursors at substrate temperatures up to 325 °C. Etching of Ta2O5 in the TaI5 flow was observed at around 350 °C and higher temperatures. At 350 °C, the crystal growth was also initiated.
Evidence for Non-Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy in Acute Leukaemia and Lymphoma (1976)

Conference Abstract| September 01 1976 Evidence for Non-Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy in Acute Leukaemia and Lymphoma M. A. Mir; M. A. Mir 1Department of Cardiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. Kothari K. Kothari 1Department of Cardiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci Mol Med (1976) 51 (3): 10P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs051010Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. A. Mir, K. Kothari; Evidence for Non-Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy in Acute Leukaemia and Lymphoma. Clin Sci Mol Med 1 September 1976; 51 (3): 10P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs051010Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1976 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1976 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Toward a definition of “fresh” whole blood: an in vitro characterization of coagulation properties in refrigerated whole blood for transfusion (2010)

This in vitro study of coagulation properties demonstrates preservation of normal integrated coagulation function to a minimum of 11 days under standard conditions of refrigerated storage of WB for transfusion. These observations strongly suggest that the hemostatic quality of WB may extend beyond current transfusion practices. If confirmed clinically, this would increase availability and extend benefits of reduced donor exposure and transfusion requirements.
Intranuclear Protein Transduction through a Nucleoside Salvage Pathway (2007)

Regulation of gene expression by intranuclear transduction of macromolecules such as transcription factors is an alternative to gene therapy for the treatment of numerous diseases. The identification of an effective intranuclear delivery vehicle and pathway for the transport of therapeutic macromolecules across plasma and nuclear membranes, however, has posed a significant challenge. The anti-DNA antibody fragment 3E10 Fv has received attention as a novel molecular delivery vehicle due to its penetration into living cells with specific nuclear localization, absence of toxicity, and successful delivery of therapeutic cargo proteins in vitro and in vivo. Elucidation of the pathway that allows 3E10 Fv to cross cell membranes is critical to the development of new molecular therapies. Here we show that 3E10 Fv penetrates cells through a nucleoside salvage transporter. 3E10 Fv is unable to penetrate into cells deficient in the equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT2, and reconstitution of ENT2 into ENT2-deficient cells restores 3E10 Fv transport into cell nuclei. Our results represent the first demonstration of protein transport through a nucleoside salvage pathway. We expect that our finding will facilitate a variety of methods of gene regulation in the treatment of human diseases, open up new avenues of research in nucleoside salvage pathways, and enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases.
Ternary liquid equilibrium systems ethanol-water-methyl isobutyl carbinol and acetic acid-water-ethyl butyrate (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTernary liquid equilibrium systems ethanol-water-methyl isobutyl carbinol and acetic acid-water-ethyl butyratePidaparthy Dakshinamurty, Chelikani Chiranjivi, Pulipaka Venkateswara Rao, and Vangala SubrahmanyamCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1972, 17, 3, 379–383Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60054a028https://doi.org/10.1021/je60054a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of CD43 on murine and human pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. (1994)

To understand regulation of hemopoiesis, it would be helpful to identify physiologically relevant function-associated molecules on stem cells. Here, we report the detailed examination of CD43 expression on murine and human pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells. Mouse stem cells were found within the Ly6+Lin-CD43high subpopulation of bone marrow. These cells, upon transfer into SCID mice, caused rapid repopulation of thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. Retransfer of bone marrow cells from primary SCID recipients of Ly6+Lin-CD43high cells into secondary recipients resulted in repopulation of lymphohemopoietic cells. All Ly6+Lin-CD43high cells were found to express high levels of c-kit. In contrast, Ly6+Lin-CD43-/low cells caused limited and variable thymic and splenic repopulation. These cells failed to repopulate the marrow cavity and did not contain retransplantable stem cells. These data indicate that murine pluripotent stem cells express high levels of CD43. Examination of human fetal bone marrow cells revealed a population of CD34+CD38-CD43+ cells. When single sorted cells with this phenotype were cultured in vitro, they were able to produce colonies with a dispersed growth pattern. Cells with this growth pattern have previously been shown to have myeloid and lymphoid growth potentials and extensive self-renewal capacity. Furthermore, CD34+CD38-HLA-DR+ cells, recently shown to be highly enriched in stem cell activity, expressed relatively high levels of CD43. Because CD43 has recently been shown to bind to intercellular adhesion molecule-1, these data suggest a possible role for CD43 in the regulation of hemopoiesis.
Dynamics of Photochemical Phase Transition of Guest/Host Liquid Crystals with an Azobenzene Derivative as a Photoresponsive Chromophore (2001)

The dynamics of the photochemical phase transition process of guest/host liquid crystals (LCs) containing an azobenzene derivative as a photosensitive chromophore was studied. We proposed a model for the photochemical phase transition of the guest/host LCs and simulated the change in transmittance through LCs due to the phase transition on the basis of this model. Upon irradiation at 366 nm, the cis isomer was generated randomly in the irradiated site, and then the transmittance of the probe light was slightly decreased because of the disturbance of the alignment of the nematic (N) phase by the cis isomers. Upon further irradiation, the N-to-isotropic (I) phase transition took place in local domains, and the transmittance of the probe light decreased with the growth of these local I domains. In the simulations, three factors were found to affect significantly the dynamics of the photochemical phase transition and the change in transmittance of light: the number of I domains formed by irradiation, the growth rate of the I domains, and the threshold size of the I domains detected with the probe light.
An experimental model of retrovirus gene therapy for malignant brain tumors (1993)

Recent research using rodent models of central nervous system gliomas indicates that a combination of gene transfer and drug treatment may be successful in killing tumor cells. In the present study, a mouse fibroblast-derived packaging cell line, psi 2, which releases a replication-defective retrovirus vector bearing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV)-thymidine kinase (TK) gene, was grown with rat C6 tumor cells in the presence and absence of wild type Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV). Consequently, tumor cells became sensitive to ganciclovir, which is selectively converted to a toxic nucleotide analog by HSV-TK. This killing effect was more effective in the presence than in the absence of wild type retrovirus both in culture and in subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Tumors regressed in vivo and failed to regrow over a subsequent 10-day observation period after combined treatment with packaging cells, wild type MoMLV, and ganciclovir. This killing effect may be augmented by the ability of the helper retrovirus to package the vector in tumor cells and thus extend delivery of the HSV-TK gene to more tumor cells. This represents significant improvement in tumor therapy in this model system as compared with helper-free systems previously reported by the authors and others. Although additional improvements in the therapy can be envisioned, this approach may prove useful in combination with current modes of therapy for these insidious and lethal tumors.
tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with high cytotoxic potential and low collateral expansion of regulatory T cells (2013)

Background: Adoptive cell transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes has shown clinical efficacy in the treatment of melanoma and is now also being explored in other tumor types. Generation of sufficient numbers of effector T cells requires extensive ex vivo expansion, often at the cost of T cell differentiation and potency. For the past 20 years, IL-2 has been the key cytokine applied in the expansion of TIL for ACT. However, the use of IL-2 has also led to collateral expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and progressive T cell differentiation, factors known to limit in vivo persistence and activity of transferred TIL. The use of alternative T cell growth factors is therefore warranted. Here, we have compared the effects of IL-2, -15 and �21 cytokines on the expansion and activation of TIL from single-cell suspensions of non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer and melanoma. Methods: We applied the K562-based artificial APC (aAPC) platform for the direct and rapid expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from primary cancer specimens. These aAPC were engineered to express the Fc-γ receptor CD32 (for anti-CD3 antibody binding), the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BBL, and to secrete either IL-2, IL-15 or IL-21 cytokine. Results: Although IL-2 aAPC induced the greatest overall TIL expansion, IL-21 aAPC induced superior expansion of CD8 + T cells with a CD27 + CD28 + “young” phenotype and superior functional cytotoxic effector characteristics, without collateral expansion of Tregs. Conclusion: Our data rationalize the clinical application of IL-21-secreting aAPC as a standardized cell-based platform in the expansion of “young” effector TIL for ACT.
Unexpected scaling of the performance of carbon nanotube Schottky-barrier transistors (2003)

We show that carbon nanotube Schottky-barrier transistors exhibit scaling that is qualitatively different than conventional transistors. The performance depends in an unexpected way on both the thickness and the dielectric constant of the gate oxide. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations for ambipolar devices provide a consistent understanding of the novel scaling, which reflects the very different device physics of a Schottky-barrier transistor with a quasi-one-dimensional channel contacting a sharp edge. A simple analytic model gives explicit scaling expressions for key device parameters such as subthreshold slope, turn-on voltage, and transconductance.
A simple and efficient method for chemical mutagenesis of DNA (1985)

A simple and efficient procedure for the generation of random GC to AT transition mutations in a specific DNA segment is described. A restriction fragment is inserted in each orientation into an M13 vector, single-stranded virion DNA from each recombinant phage is treated with methoxylamine, and, after reannealing of the mutagenized strands, a double-stranded restriction fragment is obtained. This methoxylamine-derivatized DNA segment is then joined with linearized M13 RF DNA, competent E. coli is transfected, and mutations are directly identified by sequencing of the phage DNA. Using this technique, single and double nucleotide substitutions were generated at a frequency greater than 50% in a 56-base pair segment of the signal codons of the TEM beta-lactamase.
Operative Management of Ipsilateral Fractures of the Hip and Femur (1988)

Thirteen patients with ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures are discussed. In nine patients, the femoral shaft fracture was managed by a combination of dynamic compression plating with a medial cancellous bone graft and either multiple cancellous screws or a dynamic hip screw for the proximal fracture (Group I). Four patients had Ender pin fixation (Group II). In Group I, both fractures were united within 16 weeks in all patients, and at least 90% of normal hip and knee motion was regained. Nonunions developed in two of the four Group II patients. Immediate separate fixation of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures allows definitive management of the proximal fracture and immediate mobilization without external support and provides satisfactory results with a low complication rate.
Improved word alignment with statistics and linguistic heuristics (2009)

We present a method to align words in a bitext that combines elements of a traditional statistical approach with linguistic knowledge. We demonstrate this approach for Arabic-English, using an alignment lexicon produced by a statistical word aligner, as well as linguistic resources ranging from an English parser to heuristic alignment rules for function words. These linguistic heuristics have been generalized from a development corpus of 100 parallel sentences. Our aligner, Ualign, outperforms both the commonly used GIZA++ aligner and the state-of-the-art LEAF aligner on F-measure and produces superior scores in end-to-end statistical machine translation, +1.3 Bleu points over GIZA++, and +0.7 over LEAF.
Dopamine transport sites selectively labeled by a novel photoaffinity probe: 125I-DEEP (1989)

The dopamine transporter was labeled using a photosensitive compound related to GBR-12909, 125I-1-[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-4-[2- (4-azido-3-iodophenyl)ethyl]piperazine (125I-DEEP). 125I-DEEP bound reversibly and with high affinity to the dopamine transport protein in the absence of light and could be covalently attached to the protein following exposure to UV light. In rat striatal homogenates, 125I-DEEP was found to incorporate covalently into a protein with apparent molecular weight of 58,000 Da. The properties of this binding protein were characteristic of the dopamine transporter since covalent attachment could be inhibited by dopamine-uptake blockers with the proper pharmacological rank order of potencies. Covalent binding was also inhibited in a stereospecific manner by (+) and (-) cocaine, as well as other cocaine analogs. The protein was not found in the cerebellum. The dopamine transporter appears to exist in a glycosylated form since photoaffinity-labeled transport sites could adsorb to wheat germ-agglutinin and could be specifically eluted from the column by beta-N-acetylglucosamine.
Channel doping engineering of MOSFET with adaptable threshold voltage using body effect for low voltage and low power applications (2002)

With the scaling of the power supply voltage V/sub DD/ in low voltage and low power VLSI, the threshold voltage of the MOSFET device needs to be reduced to retain the device performance in terms of current driving capability and switching speed. Recently MOSFET devices whose threshold voltages can be adapted during the transistor operation using the body effect have been proposed for low voltage and low power VLSI applications. In these devices, the threshold voltages are reduced by forward-biasing the body-to-source junction. In this paper we study the effect of the channel doping engineering on this threshold voltage reduction scheme.
A Dynein Light Chain Is Essential for the Retrograde Particle Movement of Intraflagellar Transport (IFT) (1998)

Several enzymes, including cytoplasmic and flagellar outer arm dynein, share an Mr 8,000 light chain termed LC8. The function of this chain is unknown, but it is highly conserved between a wide variety of organisms. We have identified deletion alleles of the gene (fla14) encoding this protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These mutants have short, immotile flagella with deficiencies in radial spokes, in the inner and outer arms, and in the beak-like projections in the B tubule of the outer doublet microtubules. Most dramatically, the space between the doublet microtubules and the flagellar membrane contains an unusually high number of rafts, the particles translocated by intraflagellar transport (IFT) (Kozminski, K.G., P.L. Beech, and J.L. Rosenbaum. 1995. J. Cell Biol. 131:1517-1527). IFT is a rapid bidirectional movement of rafts under the flagellar membrane along axonemal microtubules. Anterograde IFT is dependent on a kinesin whereas the motor for retrograde IFT is unknown. Anterograde IFT is normal in the LC8 mutants but retrograde IFT is absent; this undoubtedly accounts for the accumulation of rafts in the flagellum. This is the first mutation shown to specifically affect retrograde IFT; the fact that LC8 loss affects retrograde IFT strongly suggests that cytoplasmic dynein is the motor that drives this process. Concomitant with the accumulation of rafts, LC8 mutants accumulate proteins that are components of the 15-16S IFT complexes (Cole, D.G., D.R. Deiner, A.L. Himelblau, P.L. Beech, J.C. Fuster, and J.L. Rosenbaum. 1998. J. Cell Biol. 141:993-1008), confirming that these complexes are subunits of the rafts. Polystyrene microbeads are still translocated on the surface of the flagella of LC8 mutants, indicating that the motor for flagellar surface motility is different than the motor for retrograde IFT.
Understanding the standardized uptake value, its methods, and implications for usage. (2004)

The ancients relied on just their visual interpretations of bright objects in the heavens. But advancing technology led to quantifications that properly normalized stellar distances to obtain absolute magnitudes. Somewhat analogously, in PET the standardized uptake value (SUV) came to be used as a