gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Consensus recommendations for the uniform reporting of clinical trials: report of the International Myeloma Workshop Consensus Panel 1 (2011)

It is essential that there be consistency in the conduct, analysis, and reporting of clinical trial results in myeloma. The goal of the International Myeloma Workshop Consensus Panel 1 was to develop a set of guidelines for the uniform reporting of clinical trial results in myeloma. This paper provides a summary of the current response criteria in myeloma, detailed definitions for patient populations, lines of therapy, and specific endpoints. We propose that future clinical trials in myeloma follow the guidelines for reporting results proposed in this manuscript.
Natural History of C282Y Homozygotes for Hemochromatosis (2002)

Long term survival is excellent in C282Y homozygotes diagnosed and treated before the development of cirrhosis and diabetes.
Mapping of the lipoprotein signal peptidase gene (lsp) (1984)

A pBR322 plasmid which contains a fragment of Escherichia coli DNA encoding the lipoprotein signal peptidase gene was used to transform Hfr polA1 strains. Ampr transformants were used as donors in conjugation experiments, and the location of the plasmid amp gene adjacent to the chromosomal lsp gene was determined to be near the thr ara loci of the E. coli chromosome. P1 transduction experiments established that the location of the lsp gene is closely linked to that of dapB , at 0.5 to 0.6 min on the E. coli genetic map. The position of the lsp gene was further determined to be between ileS and dapB by complementation analysis of an E. coli mutant showing temperature-sensitive prolipoprotein signal peptidase activity.
Host Cell Nuclear Proteins Are Recruited to Cytoplasmic Vaccinia Virus Replication Complexes (2005)

The initiation and termination of vaccinia virus postreplicative transcription have been reported to require cellular proteins, some of which are believed to be nuclear proteins. Vaccinia virus replicates in the cytoplasmic compartment of the cell, raising questions as to whether vaccinia virus has access to nuclear proteins. This was addressed here by following the fate of several nuclear proteins after infection of cells with vaccinia virus. The nuclear transcription factors YY1, SP1, and TATA binding protein were found to colocalize with virus replication complexes in the cytoplasm of infected cells. In addition, the nuclear proteins RNA polymerase II, TAFIIp32, and histone deacetylase 8, but not the structural protein lamin B, also were found in the cytoplasm of the cell. The association of YY1 with replication complexes was dependent on DNA replication and required only the DNA binding domain of the protein, indicating that DNA binding alone may be responsible for the association of nuclear transcription factors with viral replication complexes in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic localization of YY1 was resistant to the nuclear export inhibitor leptomycin B. Evidence is presented indicating that nuclear import and export pathways were not adversely affected by vaccinia virus infection. These observations indicate that vaccinia virus replication complexes have ready access to nuclear proteins by allowing leakage from the nucleus.
Breast carcinoma with microcalcifications (1999)

目的: 石灰化を伴う乳癌の広がり診断の向上のために切除標本の軟X線写真 (マンモグラムの反映) 上の石灰化の範囲 (以下Sと略) と病理学的な癌の進展範囲 (以下Pと略) を比較検討する. 対象: 乳癌手術症例で切除標本の軟X線写真と病理標本の比較が可能で, かつ術前のマンモグラムで石灰化だけが認められた15例と腫瘤像外に石灰化が認められた14例を対象とした. 方法: 病変範囲を比較しS<P (20mm未満), S≪P (20mm以上), S≒P, S>Pに分類, 石灰化の分布密度は密, 中程度, 散在に分類, 形状は顆粒状と桿状・不整形に分類し検討した. 結果: 1) 病変範囲の比較では48%で石灰化の範囲を越えて癌が進展していた. i) 石灰化だけ症例はS<P4例, S≪P4例, S≒P7例, ii) 腫瘤像外に石灰化を伴う症例はS<P5例, s≪P1例, S≒P4例, S>P4例であった. 2) 石灰化の分布密度・形状ではi) 散在と分類した症例は13例で, 石灰化だけの乳癌は6例あり6例中5例が石灰化を越えて癌が進展していたが, 腫瘤像外に石灰化を伴う乳癌では7例中4例が石灰化の範囲内に癌が留まっていた. ii) 顆粒状のみの石灰化と分類した症例は5例で, 石灰化だけの乳癌は2例であり, いずれも石灰化を越えて癌が進展していた. 一方, 腫瘤像外に石灰化を伴う乳癌では3例中2例が石灰化の範囲内に癌が留まっていた. 結論: 1) 48%で石灰化を越えて癌の進展範囲が認められ, マンモグラムの石灰化だけでは乳癌の広がり診断は難しい. 2) 石灰化の形状・分布密度との関係では腫瘤像外に顆粒状の石灰化だけが散在している乳癌は腫瘤像十石灰化の範囲より癌は狭い可能性があった. 一方, 同じく顆粒状の石灰化が散在している場合でも腫瘤像を認めない石灰化だけの乳癌では石灰化の範囲より癌は広い可能性があり, 広がり診断には注意が必要である.
Simple filter microchip for rapid separation of plasma and viruses from whole blood (2012)

Sample preparation is a significant challenge for detection and sensing technologies, since the presence of blood cells can interfere with the accuracy and reliability of virus detection at the nanoscale for point-of-care testing. To the best of our knowledge, there is not an existing on-chip virus isolation technology that does not use complex fluidic pumps. Here, we presented a lab-on-a-chip filter device to isolate plasma and viruses from unprocessed whole blood based on size exclusion without using a micropump. We demonstrated that viruses (eg, HIV) can be separated on a filter-based chip (2-μm pore size) from HIV-spiked whole blood at high recovery efficiencies of 89.9% ± 5.0%, 80.5% ± 4.3%, and 78.2% ± 3.8%, for viral loads of 1000, 10,000 and 100,000 copies/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, 81.7% ± 6.7% of red blood cells and 89.5% ± 2.4% of white blood cells were retained on 2 μm pore-sized filter microchips. We also tested these filter microchips with seven HIV-infected patient samples and observed recovery efficiencies ranging from 73.1% ± 8.3% to 82.5% ± 4.1%. These results are first steps towards developing disposable point-of-care diagnostics and monitoring devices for resource-constrained settings, as well as hospital and primary care settings.
Improved Parameters for Prediction of RNA Structure (1987)

Thermodynamic studies of oligoribonucleotides are providing parameters and insights for the fundamental interactions that determine RNA structure. These results can be used to predict the secondary structure of RNA from its sequence. Comparisons of predicted structures with those deduced from phylogenetic data indicate a modest success rate that is improving as more parameters are determined experimentally. Two major fundamental interactions in RNA are stacking and hydrogen bonding. Both contribute similar increments to free-energy changes for associations of oligoribonucleotides. Thus, parameters for stacking and hydrogen bonding will likely be important for predicting the three-dimensional structures of RNAs and for interpreting RNA-RNA associations. Both applications should be important for providing a full understanding of catalysis by RNA.
WET PROCESS PHOSPHORIC ACID DEFLUORINATION BY AMINE-BASED EXTRACTANTS (1984)

Abstract Defluorination of WPA to feed grade levels (P:F > 100) was found to be effective with acids of low Al content. Acids with higher Al levels cannot be defluorinated effectively due to a sharp decrease in the distribution coefficient of the fluorine. This is attributable to complexation of fluorine by Al. An important part of manufactured phosphoric acids contain aluminum in levels that render defluorination to feed grade requirements impractical. Treating such acids with SiO2 as well as preconcentration prior to extraction result in some improvement in extractability but provides for marginal improvements only.
Noncovalently Netted, Photoconductive Sheets with Extremely High Carrier Mobility and Conduction Anisotropy from Triphenylene-Fused Metal Trigon Conjugates (2009)

Supramolecular assembly of small molecules via noncovalent interaction is useful for bottom-up construction of well-defined macroscopic structures. This approach is attracting increasing interest due to its high potential in manufacturing novel molecular electronic and optoelectronic devices. This Article describes the synthesis and functions of a sheet-shaped assembly from novel triphenylene-fused metal trigon conjugates. These conjugates were recently designed and synthesized by a divergent method and used for the supramolecular self-assembly of sheet-like objects. In contrast to triphenylene, which absorbs photons in ultraviolet region, the triphenylene-fused metal trigon conjugate shows a strong absorption band in the visible region. The metal trigon conjugate emits green photoluminescence with significantly enhanced quantum yield and allows intramolecular energy migration, as a result of extended pi-conjugation over metal sites. It assembles via physical gelation to form noncovalent sheets that collect a wide wavelength range of photons from ultraviolet to visible regions. The noncovalent sheets allow exciton migration and are semiconducting with an extremely large intrinsic carrier mobility of 3.3 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). They are highly photoconductive, produce photocurrent with a quick response to light irradiation, and are capable of repetitive on-off switching. Moreover, these sheets facilitate a conduction path perpendicular to the sheet plane, thus exhibiting a spatially distinctive anisotropy in conduction. The noncovalent sheet assemblies with these unique characteristics are important for molecular optoelectronic devices based on solution-processed soft materials.
O Conhecimento moral como um objetivo para a educação: John Dewey (2019)

Diferente do que usualmente foi aceito a respeito do pensamento de Dewey, especialmente no Brasil, nesse ensaio David Hansen defende que, por toda a sua vida, John Dewey foi um defensor fervoroso do ensino dos conhecimentos acadêmicos. Dewey afirmou que todo professor deveria dominar a disciplina sob sua responsabilidade na “ponta da língua”. Entretanto, a visão de Dewey acerca do conhecimento educacional deveria gerar mais a compreensão do que a fusão de fatos e formas de investigar e raciocinar. Dewey afirma que a educação deveria fomentar o que ele chama de “conhecimento moral”. Hansen explica como o conhecimento moral unifica o know-how técnico e a consciência social.
Exploiting Gene Expression Profiling to Identify Novel Minimal Residual Disease Markers of Neuroblastoma (2008)

Marker discovery based on differential gene expression profiling, stringent sensitivity and specificity assays, and well-annotated patient samples can rapidly prioritize and identify potential MRD markers of neuroblastoma.
Analyzing hard-real-time programs for guaranteed schedulability (1991)

A set of language-independent schedulability analysis techniques is presented. Utilizing knowledge of implementation- and hardware-dependent information in a table-driven fashion, these techniques provide accurate worst-case time bounds and other schedulability information. A prototype schedulability analyzer has been developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques. The analyzer consists of a partially language-dependent front-end, targeted at real-time Euclid, a real-time language specifically designed with a set of schedulability analysis provisions built-in, and a language-dependent back-end. The analyzer has been used on a number of realistic real-time programs run on a multiple-microprocessor system. Predicted program performance differs only marginally from the actual performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Multivalent Antibiotics via Metal Complexes:  Potent Divalent Vancomycins against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (2003)

Dimers of vancomycin (Van), linked by a rigid metal complex, [Pt(en)(H(2)O)(2)](2+), exhibit potent activities (MIC approximately 0.8 mug/mL, approximately 720 times more potent than that of Van itself) against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). The result suggests that combining metal complexation and receptor/ligand interaction offers a useful method to construct multivalent inhibitors.
Passive immunization of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) against the ciliated protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis by use of murine monoclonal antibodies (1996)

Fish acquire immunity against the ciliated protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis following sublethal infection. The immune response includes the elaboration of humoral antibodies against a class of abundant surface membrane proteins referred to as immobilization antigens (i-antigens). Antibodies against these proteins immobilize the parasite in vitro, suggesting a potential role for the i-antigens in protective immunity. To test this hypothesis, passive immunization experiments were carried out with naive channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, using immobilizing murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Fish were completely protected against lethal challenge following intraperitoneal injection of 20 to 200 micrograms of MAb. Although fish succumbed to infection at lower doses, palliative effects were observed with as little as 2 micrograms of antibody. In experiments in which animals were challenged at various times following inoculation, an inverse relationship between parasite load and serum immobilizing activity was seen. Of seven MAbs which conferred protection, all were immunoglobulin G class antibodies. The only immobilizing MAb that failed to protect was an immunoglobulin M antibody that was absent from surface mucosa as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The implications of these findings for the development of a vaccine against I. multifiliis and immunity against surface pathogens of fish are discussed.
Convenient and reversible site-specific targeting of exogenous DNA into a bacterial chromosome by use of the FLP recombinase: the FLIRT system (1997)

We have created a system that utilizes the FLP recombinase of yeast to introduce exogenous cloned DNA reversibly at defined locations in the Escherichia coli chromosome. Recombination target (FRT) sites can be introduced permanently at random locations in the chromosome on a modified Tn5 transposon, now designed so that the inserted FRT can be detected and its location mapped with base pair resolution. FLP recombinase is provided as needed through the regulated expression of its gene on a plasmid. Exogenous DNA is introduced on a cloning vector that contains an FRT, selectable markers, and a replication origin designed to be deleted prior to electroporation for targeting purposes. High yields of targeted integrants are obtained, even in a recA background. This system permits rapid and precise excision of the introduced DNA when needed, without destroying the cells. The efficiency of targeting appears to be affected only modestly by transcription initiation upstream of the chromosomal FRT site. With rare exceptions, FRTs introduced to the bacterial chromosome are targeted with high efficiency regardless of their location. The system should facilitate studies of bacterial genome structure and function, simplify a wide range of chromosomal cloning applications, and generally enhance the utility of E. coli as an experimental organism in biotechnology.
Hypertonic fluid absorption from rabbit descending colon in vitro (1990)

Fluid and solute movements across rabbit distal colonic mucosa were investigated to determine the solute concentration of the absorbate and to characterize the absorption process. With isotonic mucosal and serosal bathing solutions the osmolality of the absorbate was 492 +/- 22 mosmol/kg. When the absorbate concentration was corrected for passive components of water and salt flux, the concentration of the "active" component was 1,062 +/- 206 mosmol/kg. Octanol (2 mM) caused a decrease in net solute and water absorption and in the concentration of the absorbate. Cytochalasin D (20 microM) increased the absorbate tonicity and decreased the hydraulic conductance of the active route for water movement. Correlations were made with measurements of the total crypt and crypt luminal cross-sectional areas. Ouabain, octanol, deoxycholate, and theophylline increase the cross-sectional area of the crypt lumen relative to that of the total crypt. These findings suggest that the hypertonic component of fluid absorption is via the crypts. The large osmotic pressure across the crypt wall could provide the considerable fluid tension (5 atm) required to dehydrate feces.
Gibberellin Deficiency and Response Mutations Suppress the Stem Elongation Phenotype of Phytochrome-Deficient Mutants of Arabidopsis (1997)

Plant growth and development are regulated by numerous internal and external factors. Among these, gibberellin (GA) (an endogenous plant growth regulator) and phytochrome (a photoreceptor) often influence the same processes. For example, in plants grown in the light Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyl elongation is reduced by GA deficiency and increased by phytochrome deficiency. Here we describe experiments in which the phenotypes of Arabidopsis plants doubly homozygous for GA-related and phytochrome-related mutations were examined. The double mutants were studied at various stages in the plant life cycle, including the seed germination, young seedling, adult, and reproductive phases of development. The results of these experiments are complex, but indicate that a fully functional GA system is necessary for full expression of the elongated phenotypes conferred by phytochrome deficiency.
Entropic Fluctuations in Quantum Statistical Mechanics. An Introduction (2011)

These lecture notes provide an elementary introduction, within the framework of finite quantum systems, to recent developments in the theory of entropic fluctuations.
The alpha and beta subunits of the Na,K-ATPase can assemble at the plasma membrane into functional enzyme. (1994)

Synthesis and assembly of most oligomeric plasma membrane proteins occurs in the ER. However, the role the ER plays in oligomerization is unknown. We have previously demonstrated that unassociated alpha and beta subunits of the Na,K-ATPase are targeted to the plasma membrane when individually expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf-9 cells. This unique property allows us to determine if assembly of these two polypeptides is restricted to the ER, or if it can also occur at the plasma membrane. To investigate the assembly of the Na,K-ATPase we have taken advantage of the ability of baculovirus-infected cells to fuse. Lowering the extracellular pH of the infected cells triggers an endogenously expressed viral protein to initiate plasma membrane fusion. When individual Sf-9 cells expressing either the Na,K-ATPase alpha or beta subunits are plated together and subjected to a mild acidic shock, they form large syncytia. In the newly continuous plasma membrane the separate alpha and beta polypeptides associate and assemble into functional Na,K-ATPase molecules. However, a hybrid ATPase molecule consisting of a Na,K-ATPase alpha subunit and a H,K-ATPase beta subunit, which efficiently assembles in the ER of coinfected cells, does not assemble at the plasma membrane of fused cells. When cells expressing the Na,K-ATPase alpha subunit are fused to cells coexpressing the Na,K-ATPase beta subunit and the H,K-ATPase beta subunit, the Na,K-ATPase alpha subunit selectively assembles with the Na,K-ATPase beta subunit. However, when cells are coinfected and expressing all three polypeptides, the Na,K-ATPase alpha subunit assembles with both beta subunits in the ER, in what appears to be a random fashion. These experiments demonstrate that assembly between some polypeptides is restricted to the ER, and suggests that the ability of the Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunits to leave the ER and assemble at the plasma membrane may represent a novel mechanism of regulation of activity.
8.3: Total Matrix Addressing (TMA™) (2007)

Abstract A new Passive Matrix OLED drive technology, Total Matrix Addressing (TMA™), has been developed which substantially extends the application space for passive panels beyond the limited panel size and resolution of existing passive matrix drive schemes. Driving methodology, image processing and performance figures will be presented.
Activity of plant flavonoids against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (2001)

Thirty eight plant-derived flavonoids representing seven different structural groups were tested for activities against antibiotic-resistant bacteria using the disc-diffusion assay and broth dilution assay. Among the flavonoids examined, four flavonols (myricetin, datiscetin, kaempferol and quercetin) and two -flavones (flavone and luteolin) exhibited inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Myricetin was also found to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant Burkholderia -cepacia, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and other medically important organisms such as -Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Myricetin was bactericidal to B. cepacia. The results of the radiolabel incorporation assay showed that myricetin inhibited protein synthesis by -B. cepacia. The structure-activity relationship of these flavonoids is discussed.
Evidence for sequence-specific conformational changes in DNA from the melting temperatures of DNA phosphorothioate derivatives (1985)

Analogs of alternating purine-pyrimidine DNA polymers such as poly(dA-dT)-poly(dA-dT) can be made with phosphorothioate groups in the DNA backbone. A phosphorothioate diester at the 5'-purine-pyrimidine-3' step causes a significant lowering of the polymer's melting temperature compared to a phosphorothioate diester at the 5'-pyrimidine-purine-3' step. This may occur because sulfur substitution increases anionic charge density in the DNA minor groove and 5'-purine-pyrimidine-3' steps narrow the minor groove. The ability to modulate charge density in the DNA backbone via sulfur substitution should prove useful in studies of sequence-dependent conformational changes in DNA.
[Nasal cannula, a simple, not very cumbersome, and efficacious means to induce a positive expiratory pressure in neonatology]. (1985)

The authors report their 6 years experience in the use of a CPAP nasal cannula in 91 children. Their indications are idiopathic respiratory distress (hyaline membrane disease) stage I, II, III in children more than 1500 g, stage I and II for those less than 1500 g; transitory respiratory distress; cesarean lung; amniotic inhalation after aspiration and physiotherapy. In 75 newborns this method rendered tracheal intubation unnecessary. There were few side effects and very few serious accidents. The authors propose this method to be a substitute to tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, for the units of neonatal intensive care, or nurseries, specially in tropical countries, without important medical supplies. They give modalities, indications and applications of this innocuousness, easy and non-expensive method.
Fiber optics photoacoustic generation using gold nanoparticles as target (2011)

Ultrasound transducers have been used in various applications such as nondestructive testing, acoustic response analysis of vascular tissues, and medical imaging. Most recent applications lead to a demand of more advanced ultrasound generators featuring higher central frequency, wider bandwidth and miniature size. In this paper, a novel ultrasound generator on an optical fiber tip is designed, fabricated and characterized. The ultrasound generator was fabricated by coating several layers of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) on the end face of a piece of commercially available optical fiber via a layer-by-layer (L-b-L) technique. The Au NPs were synthesized by a traditional sodium citrate reduction method and the diameter of Au NPs was controlled at 20 nm. The ultrasound is generated through photoacoustic procedure. By introducing excitation laser pulses on the Au NPs layer, the energy of laser is converted into the heat through photothermal mechanism. Then, the heat transforms into kinetic energy through thermalelastic mechanism. Thus, ultrasound can be generated. The experiment results showed that this kind of ultrasound generator shows wide bandwidth, high frequency and miniature size. By comparing to the conventional energy absorption material such as graphite, the Au NPs show high energy absorption efficiency and high thermal expansion rate. Therefore, the generator exhibits great potentials in intravascular imaging due to its miniature size.