gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An N-terminal addressing sequence targets NLRX1 to the mitochondrial matrix (2009)

NLRX1 is the only member of the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family that is targeted to the mitochondria, and its overexpression induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus impacting on NFkappaB- and JNK-dependent signaling cascades. In addition, NLRX1 has been shown to interact with MAVS (also known as IPS-1, VISA and Cardif) at the mitochondrial outer membrane and to modulate antiviral responses. Here we report that NLRX1 has a functional leader sequence and fully translocates to the mitochondrial matrix via a mechanism requiring the mitochondrial inner-membrane potential, DeltaPsim. Importantly, we failed to detect NLRX1 at the mitochondrial outer membrane. We also show that the leader sequence of NLRX1 is removed, which generates a mature protein lacking the first 39 amino acids through a maturation process that is common for mitochondrial-matrix proteins. Finally, we identified UQCRC2, a matrix-facing protein of the respiratory chain complex III, as an NLRX1-interacting molecule, thus providing a molecular basis for the role of NLRX1 in ROS generation. These results provide the first identification of a protein belonging to the NLR family that is targeted to the mitochondrial matrix.
Geolocation information and inter-technology handoff (2002)

Mobility between dissimilar networks is one of the future trends in network design towards fourth generation of telecommunication systems. A cellular network can be overlaid with a spottish high data-rate WLAN network in areas such as business centers, hotels and airports. To avoid unnecessary search of WLAN beacon the terminal must be aware of the whereabouts of the overlay system to be visited. We suggest the usage of geolocation information in mobility management via distributed location databases to enable a moving host to prepare for handoff. Three scenarios and the related problems are presented, and the requirements for the system architecture and terminal are outlined. Considerations on the algorithm are given and preliminary simulation results of a fuzzy logic handoff algorithm are presented.
Fibrinolytic Response and Fibrin Fragment D-Dimer Levels in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis (1987)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for fragment D-dimer was developed with the use of two monoclonal antibodies directed against specific non-overlapping antigenic determinants, present in fragment D-dimer of crosslinked fibrin but not in fragment D of non crosslinked fibrin or of fibrinogen. The lower limit of sensitivity of the assay when applied to human plasma, is 25 ng/ml. Concentration of fragment D-dimer in plasma from healthy individuals was 177 +/- 83 ng/ml (mean +/- SD). In plasma of 11 out of 12 patients with phlebographically confirmed acute deep vein thrombosis, fragment D-dimer levels were significantly increased. Fragment D-dimer was not increased in 9 out of 10 patients with recurrent idiopathic deep vein thrombosis during clinically silent episodes. Total t-PA antigen and free t-PA antigen concentrations were measured using previously developed ELISAs. Nine of the 12 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis showed a significant increase of total t-PA antigen (from 8.6 +/- 6.9 ng/ml to 21 +/- 16 ng/ml) after venous occlusion but in 3 of these free t-PA remained undetectable. Five of the 10 patients with recurrent deep vein thrombosis responded to venous occlusion with a significant increase of total t-PA antigen (from 6.7 +/- 3.2 ng/ml to 14 +/- 7.9 ng/ml) but, in all patients, free t-PA antigen remained undetectable. It is concluded that the combined assays of total and free t-PA antigen and of fragment D-dimer may be useful for the evaluation of the dynamics of the fibrinolytic system in physiological and pathological conditions.
Stability Study of Drug-loaded Proteinoid Microsphere Formulations during Freeze-drying (1994)

Drug-loaded proteinoid microspheres were freeze-dried to facilitate shipping and handling and to enable long term storage. Heparin was chosen as the model drug in developing the optimum lyophilization process. The factors influencing the integrity of either heparin-loaded or unloaded ('empty') proteinoid microspheres during freeze-drying were determined, with emphasis on: selecting an optimum freezing and resuspending temperature; choosing an appropriate cryoprotectant and its optimum concentration in the formulation; and, designing a suitable method for formulating the microspheres. Freezing at/below -70 degrees C was found to minimize damage to the microspheres. Addition of sugars, such as trehalose and lactose, as cryoprotectants, further increased the stability of the heparin-loaded microspheres during freeze-drying. The optimum trehalose or lactose concentrations were determined to be 5% (w/v). Using the optimumized lyophilization process described in this manuscript, microspheres remained intact during freeze-drying. The freeze-dried microspheres were stable for at least three months post-lyophilization.
Correlation of amplification and overexpression of the c-myc oncogene in high-grade breast cancer: FISH, in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical analyses (2004)

In this study, we analysed gene amplification, RNA expression and protein expression of the c-myc gene on archival tissue specimens of high-grade human breast cancer, using fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH), nonradioactive in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. The specific question that we addressed was whether expression of c-Myc mRNA and protein were correlated with its gene copy amplification, as determined by FISH. Although c-Myc is one of the most commonly amplified oncogenes in human breast cancer, few studies have utilised in situ approaches to directly analyse the gene copy amplification, RNA transcription and protein expression on human breast tumour tissue sections. We now report that by using the sensitive FISH technique, a high proportion (70%) of high-grade breast carcinoma were amplified for the c-myc gene, irrespective of status of the oestrogen receptor. However, the level of amplification was low, ranging between one and four copies of gene gains, and the majority (84%) of the cases with this gene amplification gained only one to two copies. Approximately 92% of the cases were positive for c-myc RNA transcription, and essentially all demonstrated c-myc protein expression. In fact, a wide range of expression levels were detected. Statistically significant correlations were identified among the gene amplification indices, the RNA expression scores and protein expression scores. c-myc gene amplification, as detected by FISH, was significantly associated with expression of its mRNA, as measured by the intensity of in situ hybridisation in invasive cells (P=0.0067), and by the percentage of invasive cells positive for mRNA expression (P=0.0006). c-myc gene amplification was also correlated with the percentage of tumour cells which expressed high levels of its protein, as detected by immunohistochemistry in invasive cells (P=0.0016). Thus, although multiple mechanisms are known to regulate normal and aberrent expression of c-myc, in this study, where in situ methodologies were used to evaluate high-grade human breast cancers, gene amplification of c-myc appears to play a key role in regulating expression of its mRNA and protein.
Increase of Solubility of Foreign Proteins in Escherichia coli by Coproduction of the Bacterial Thioredoxin (1995)

Eukaryotic proteins are frequently produced in Escherichia coli as insoluble aggregates. This is one of the barriers to studies of macromolecular structure. We have examined the effect of coproduction of the E. coli thioredoxin (Trx) or E. coli chaperones GroESL on the solubility of various foreign proteins. The solubilities of all eight vertebrate proteins examined including transcription factors and kinases were increased dramatically by coproduction of Trx. Overproduction of E. coli chaperones GroESL increased the solubilities of four out of eight proteins examined. Although the tyrosine kinase Lck that was produced as an insoluble form and solubilized by urea treatment had a very low autophosphorylating activity, Lck produced in soluble form by coproduction of Trx had an efficient activity. These results suggest that the proteins produced in soluble form by coproduction of Trx have the native protein conformation. The mechanism by which coproduction of Trx increases the solubility of the foreign proteins is discussed.
DNA and RNA Modification Enzymes: Structure, Mechanism, Function and Evolution (2009)

This volume is a timely and comprehensive description of the many facets of DNA and RNA modification-editing processes and to some extent repair mechanisms. Each chapter offers fundamental principles as well as up to date information on recent advances in the field (up to end 2008). They ended by a shortconclusion and future prospect' section and
The influence of binder type and concentration on the physical characteristics of calcium carbonate granules and their corresponding tablets. (1981)

Most studies involving binders are concerned with the properties of the final product. Very little has been done at comparing the mechanical properties of the granules, the force required to crush the tablets and the compression behavior. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of different concentrations of five binders namely gelatin, PVP, methylcellulose, syrup and Eudragit E on the mechanical and physical properties of calcium carbonate granules and correlating that with the characteristics of the corresponding tablets. A template method was used for the preparation of calcium carbonate granules. The wet granules were dried for 34 h in air oven at 60 degrees C and were conditioned for a minimum of 2 h at 50% relative humidity before testing or tableting as this corresponds approximately to ambient conditions. The granules, were separated into different size fractions using the sieve analysis method, and were then measured for crushing strength (K), friability (%), flow ability, bulk volume and tap density. The granules possessing the best mechanical and physical characteristics were used for tableting. The compact obtained were also evaluated for both mechanical and physical properties. It was found that increasing the binder concentration was followed by an increase in the mean particle diameter, harder granules (-kt = ln Wa divided by W + Wb . db divided by W . da) and reduction in tap density. Except for those prepared with 2% methylcellulose and 30% syrup, all tablets prepared from granules with optimum properties are found to satisfy U.S.P. requirements of weight, thickness, disintegration time and mechanical properties.
Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies. (2004)

Resveratrol, trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, was first isolated in 1940 as a constituent of the roots of white hellebore (Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes), but has since been found in various plants, including grapes, berries and peanuts. Besides cardioprotective effects, resveratrol exhibits anticancer properties, as suggested by its ability to suppress proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells, including lymphoid and myeloid cancers; multiple myeloma; cancers of the breast, prostate, stomach, colon, pancreas, and thyroid; melanoma; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ovarian carcinoma; and cervical carcinoma. The growth-inhibitory effects of resveratrol are mediated through cell-cycle arrest; upregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1, p53 and Bax; down-regulation of survivin, cyclin D1, cyclin E, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and clAPs; and activation of caspases. Resveratrol has been shown to suppress the activation of several transcription factors, including NF-kappaB, AP-1 and Egr-1; to inhibit protein kinases including IkappaBalpha kinase, JNK, MAPK, Akt, PKC, PKD and casein kinase II; and to down-regulate products of genes such as COX-2, 5-LOX, VEGF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, AR and PSA. These activities account for the suppression of angiogenesis by this stilbene. Resveratrol also has been shown to potentiate the apoptotic effects of cytokines (e.g., TRAIL), chemotherapeutic agents and gamma-radiation. Phamacokinetic studies revealed that the target organs of resveratrol are liver and kidney, where it is concentrated after absorption and is mainly converted to a sulfated form and a glucuronide conjugate. In vivo, resveratrol blocks the multistep process of carcinogenesis at various stages: it blocks carcinogen activation by inhibiting aryl hydrocarbon-induced CYP1A1 expression and activity, and suppresses tumor initiation, promotion and progression. Besides chemopreventive effects, resveratrol appears to exhibit therapeutic effects against cancer. Limited data in humans have revealed that resveratrol is pharmacologically quite safe. Currently, structural analogues of resveratrol with improved bioavailability are being pursued as potential therapeutic agents for cancer.
Cyclizations of Dialdehydes with Nitromethane. XII.1 o-Phthalaldehyde2 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclizations of Dialdehydes with Nitromethane. XII.1 o-Phthalaldehyde2Hans Helmut Baer and Barbara AchmatowiczCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 11, 3180–3185Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01034a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01034a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
pH dependence of blood-brain barrier permeability to lactate and nicotine. (1979)

Brain uptake of radiolabeled D and L-lactate, D-glucose and nicotine, as measured by the intra-carotid bolus method, was examined over a range of pH of the injected solution. The uptake of L-lactate was highest at pH 6.1, and lowered significantly at pH 7.2, 7.5 and 8.4. In contrast, the uptake of the D-enantiomer was not as dramatically affected. Glucose uptake was not affected by alterations in pH. Nicotine uptake decreased with pH reduction through a range of 8.3-4.2. These data suggest that it is the uncharged molecule which penetrates the blood-brain barrier by both carrier and lipid mediation. A mechanism relating to these observations is postulated and possible relevance to lactate washout from ischemic brain discussed.
Retracted article: Towards near zero-sulfur liquid fuels: a perspective review (2011)

We, the named authors, hereby wholly retract this Catalysis Science & Technology article, due to significant similarity with previously published work. Signed: B. Pawelec, R. M. Navarro, J. M. Campos-Martin and J. L. G. Fierro, October 2012. Retraction endorsed by Jamie Humphrey, Editor, Catalysis Science & Technology.
Evaluation of the SPLICE algorithm on the Aurora2 database (2001)

This paper describes recent improvements to SPLICE, Stereobased Piecewise Linear Compensation for Environments, which produces an estimate of cepstrum of undistorted speech given the observed cepstrum of distorted speech. For distributed speech recognition applications, SPLICE can be placed at the server, thus limiting the processing that would take place at the client. We evaluated this algorithm on the Aurora2 task, which consists of digit sequences within the TIDigits database that have been digitally corrupted by passing them through a linear filter and/or by adding different types of realistic noises at SNRs ranging from 20dB to -5dB. On set A data, for which matched training data is available, we achieved a 66% decrease in word error rate over the baseline system with clean models. This preliminary result is of practical significance because in a server implementation, new noise conditions can be added as they are identified once the service is running.
Efficient display of active lipase LipB52 with a Pichia pastoris cell surface display system and comparison with the LipB52 displayed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell surface (2008)

The LipB52 displayed on the Pichia pastoris cell surface exhibited better stability than the lipase LipB52 displayed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell surface. The displayed lipases exhibited similar transesterification activity. But the Pichia pastoris dry cell weight per liter (DCW/L) ferment culture was about 5 times than Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the lipase displayed on Pichia pastoris are more suitable for whole-cell biocatalysts than that displayed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell surface.
New chemotherapeutic agents in acute myeloid leukemia. (1996)

Only two classes of chemotherapeutic agents have shown activity in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): ara-C and topoisomerase II reactive agents. Frontline combinations of these agents produce complete response (CR) rates of 70% and long-term event free survival rates of 25%. New agents with different mechanisms of action are being explored. Nucleoside analogs such as chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) or fludarabine have shown single-agent efficacy and may be synergistic with ara-C. Combination therapy with ara-C and nucleoside analogs have shown promising results both as salvage therapy and in newly diagnosed patients. Combinations of topotecan with ara-C, VP16, and anthracyclines are being pursued, as is testing of other Topo-I inhibitors. Hypomethylating agents (5-azacytidine, decitabine) are showing activity in AML, producing CR rates of 5% to 30% as AML salvage therapy as a single agent, and 40%-60% in combinations. Decitabine may be synergistic with topo I inhibitors, biologic agents, and differentiating agents. Homoharringtonine has modest anti-AML activity, with CR rates of 10% to 30% as salvage therapy. Other classes of agents worthy of continuing investigation are platinum analogs and agents with novel mechanisms of action such as tallimustine.
Combining automatic and manual index representations in probabilistic retrieval (1995)

Results from research in information retrieval have suggested that significant improvements in retrieval effectiveness can be obtained by combining results from multiple index representations, query formulations, and search strategies. The inference net model of retrieval, which was designed from this point of view, treats information retrieval as an evidential reasoning process where multiple sources of evidence about document and query content are combined to estimate relevance probabilities. In this article, we use a system based on this model to study the retrieval effectiveness benefits of combining the types of document and query information that are found in typical commercial databases and information services. The results indicate that substantial real benefits are possible. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Validation and Expression of Zinc Finger Nucleases in Plant Cells (2010)

Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) can be designed to target virtually any long stretch of DNA sequence. Their expression in living cells has been shown to lead to gene targeting via homologous recombination, site-specific mutagenesis, and targeted DNA integration in various species. A variety of assays have been developed to test ZFN activity both in vitro and in vivo, and an assortment of vectors have been constructed to facilitate the analysis and expression of ZFNs in mammalian, and specifically human cells, as well as in other model organisms. Here we describe a set of protocols and vectors that were specifically designed to analyze ZFN activity in plant cells. Our assays provide the user with versatile tools and simple protocols for in-planta analysis of ZFN activity on transiently delivered and stably integrated mutated plant reporter (GUS)-encoding genes. Specifically designed for maximum compatibility with a generalized plant expression system, our vector system also allows easy assembly of ZFN plant transformation vectors for gene-targeting experiments in plants.
Purification and characterization of human salivary‐gland prokallikrein from recombinant baculovirus‐infected insect cells (1992)

A full-length cDNA encoding human salivary-gland preprokallikrein was inserted into the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus downstream of the polyhedrin promoter. The gene was expressed in transfected Spodoptera frugiperda cells and the recombinant product secreted into the culture medium. By alternating anion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration steps, twice repeated, prokallikrein was purified to homogeneity, which was confirmed by amino acid analysis and N-terminal sequence determination. The prepropeptide was processed correctly, including the removal of the signal peptide. The resulting proenzyme was found to be glycosylated, had a molecular mass of 35 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.6. The yield of purified recombinant protein reached a level of 5 mg/l insect cell culture. After trypsin digestion of prokallikrein, the biological activity of the released kallikrein was demonstrated by its specific amidase, esterase and kininogenase activity. The expression and purification of prokallikrein, as described here, offers the opportunity to study the proenzyme activation through protein engineering techniques in detail.
Birefringence control in high-silica single-mode channel waveguides on silicon (1987)

A combination of flame hydrolysis glass deposition and reactive ion etching has enabled the fabrication of fiber-compatible high-silica channel optical waveguides on silicon substrates.1 In many single-mode applications–optical interference systems, for example–birefringence characteristics of waveguides are the crucial factors affecting the stability and sensitivity of the system. This paper describes birefringence value control in high-silica single-mode channel waveguides in fabrication of a polarization-insensitive guided-wave Mach-Zehnder interferometer as an optical-frequency-division multi/ demultiplexer.2,3
PEGASUS: A Peta-Scale Graph Mining System Implementation and Observations (2009)

In this paper, we describe PEGASUS, an open source peta graph mining library which performs typical graph mining tasks such as computing the diameter of the graph, computing the radius of each node and finding the connected components. as the size of graphs reaches several giga-, tera- or peta-bytes, the necessity for such a library grows too. To the best of our knowledge, PEGASUS is the first such library, implemented on the top of the HADOOP platform, the open source version of MAPREDUCE. Many graph mining operations (PageRank, spectral clustering, diameter estimation, connected components etc.) are essentially a repeated matrix-vector multiplication. In this paper we describe a very important primitive for PEGASUS, called GIM-V (generalized iterated matrix-vector multiplication). GIM-V is highly optimized, achieving (a) good scale-up on the number of available machines (b) linear running time on the number of edges, and (c) more than 5 times faster performance over the non-optimized version of GIM-V. Our experiments ran on M45, one of the top 50 supercomputers in the world. We report our findings on several real graphs, including one of the largest publicly available Web graphs, thanks to Yahoo!, with ¿ 6,7 billion edges.