gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and stereochemistry of ristosamine (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and stereochemistry of ristosamineR. Bognar, F. Sztaricskai, M. E. Munk, and J. TamasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 20, 2971–2974Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00934a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00934a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The life and times of Edward Bovill Chandler: In search of El Dorado (2014)

This paper is presented as an illustration of the life of a gold miner who played an important role in the history of the fabulously rich Reedy Creek near Beechworth during the 1850's. It concludes with an account of Chandler on North Queensland's small and infrequently mentioned Russell River gold field in the closing years of the 19th Century. Chandler's history has been largely unknown, yet he is one of the Woolshed bosses connected with the famed Golden Horseshoes event, a member of the first local Mining Court, and the subsequent Mining Board established in 1858. From 1855 into the 20th century the story of the Golden Horse Shoes was repeated over and over again in Australasian newspapers. Chandler's sad end in Queensland has long remained a mystery, and he shares the fate of many miners who 'struck it rich' only to vanish into the detritus of history. And yet, 31 years after his death, the Cairns Post referred to him as a 'prince among prospectors'.
File-system development with stackable layers (1994)

Filing services have experienced a number of innovations in recent years, but many of these promising ideas have failed to enter into broad use. One reason is that current filing environments present several barriers to new development. For example, file systems today typically stand alone instead of building on the work of others, and support of new filing services often requires changes that invalidate existing work. Stackable file-system design addresses these issues in several ways. Complex filing services are constructed from layer “building blocks,” each of which may be provided by independent parties. There are no syntactic constraints to layer order, and layers can occupy different address spaces, allowing very flexible layer configuration. Independent layer evolution and development are supported by an extensible interface bounding each layer. This paper discusses stackable layering in detail and presents design techniques it enables. We describe an implementation providing these facilities that exhibits very high performance. By lowering barriers to new filing design, stackable layering offers the potential of broad third-party file-system development not feasible today.
Sources of error in measuring cerebrospinal fluid formation by ventriculocisternal perfusion. (1977)

Ventriculocisternal perfusion is regarded as a precise method of measuring the rate of formation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but it possesses inherent potential sources of error. Using the technique to measure CSF formation rate in the rhesus monkey, we have observed rate changes when none were expected. Most puzzling has been the steady decline of CSF formation rate at 4 percent each hour during the final five hours of a seven hour perfusion although variables known to affect CSF formation remained stable. In addition, alterations in rate caused by artefacts were observed in experiments in which craniospinal blood volume was changed by sudden changes of either PCO2 or central venous pressure. Mobilisation or sequestration of incompletely equilibrated CSF is believed responsible. In other experiments, a small increase of intracranial pressure produced by increasing outflow resistance was quickly followed by an apparent reduction of CSF formation. We have concluded that to assess accurately the effect a variable has on the rate of CSF formation, one must control perfusion time and craniospinal blood volume as well as intracranial pressure.
Promoter hypermethylation of E‐cadherin and its abnormal expression in Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated gastric carcinoma (2003)

Promoter hypermethylation of various tumor-related genes is extremely frequent in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). To investigate the significance of the promoter methylation in EBVaGC, we focused on one of the important proteins in the carcinogenesis of the stomach, E-cadherin. Methylation-specific PCR analysis (MSP) was applied to surgically resected gastric carcinomas, together with immunohistochemistry, PCR-based analysis of mutations and allelic loss, and site-specific MSP of E-cadherin gene. By MSP, nearly all of the carcinomas showed aberrant methylation of E-cadherin promoter in EBVaGC (21/22), and the frequency of this aberration was significantly higher than that in EBV-negative gastric carcinoma (GC; 45/81; p = 0.0003). According to immunohistochemistry of E-cadherin, the frequency of abnormal staining pattern in EBVaGC (87%) was comparable to that in the diffuse type (80%), but higher than that in the intestinal type of EBV-negative GC (47%). Promoter methylation was well correlated with abnormal staining pattern in EBVaGC, but not in EBV-negative GC. Neither mutation nor allelic loss of E-cadherin was observed in EBVaGC. Methylation status of E-cadherin within each carcinoma was heterogeneous as far as examined. Thus, in addition to the known association involving p16, we determined that promoter methylation-mediated silencing of E-cadherin gene was also closely associated with the development of EBVaGC, although it becomes heterogeneous within a given tumor along its progression.
First Three Reported Cases of Nosocomial Fungemia Caused by Candida auris (2011)

Candida auris is a newly described species whose clinical significance is not clear. Here, we describe the first three cases of nosocomial fungemia caused by C. auris, which confirms that it is a causative agent of bloodstream infections. All three patients presented persistent fungemia for 10 to 31 days. The isolates obtained from the three patients were misidentified as Candida haemulonii and Rhodotorula glutinis by the Vitek 2 and the API 20C systems, respectively. C. auris was confirmed by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region and D1/D2 regions of the 26S ribosomal DNA of the rRNA gene. The MIC ranges of amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLU), itraconazole, and voriconazole were 0.5 to 1, 2 to 128, 0.125 to 2, and 0.06 to 1 μg/ml, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to caspofungin (MIC = 0.06 μg/ml) and micafungin (MIC = 0.03 μg/ml). One patient developed breakthrough fungemia while receiving FLU therapy, and two patients who received FLU therapy followed by AMB showed therapeutic failure and fatal outcomes. Our cases show that C. auris fungemia can be persistent, despite FLU or AMB therapy, which emphasizes the importance of accurately identifying this species.
Brk, a Breast Tumor-derived Non-receptor Protein-tyrosine Kinase, Sensitizes Mammary Epithelial Cells to Epidermal Growth Factor (1996)

brk (breast tumor kinase) shows homology to the src family of non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and is expressed in breast carcinomas. In order to investigate the role of brk in breast tumor development, we have examined the growth and transformation properties of human mammary epithelial cells engineered to overexpress Brk. Interestingly, like c-Src, overexpression of Brk leads to sensitization to EGF, and also results in a partially transformed phenotype. Further investigation of the latter activity was attempted by mutational analysis, targeting key residues known to affect tyrosine kinase activity in Src-like kinases. Mutation of amino acid residue Lys-219 to Met, by analogy to Src, abolished both kinase activity and transformation capacity. Mutation of amino acid residue Tyr-447 to Phe, however, resulted in a decrease in transforming potential without affecting kinase activity. These results suggest that while Src and Brk share some functional properties, they act differently during transformation. These differences are discussed in the context of the mechanisms underlying breast cancer development.
A calibration method using only one plane for 3D machine vision (2004)

Camera calibration is an important step in machine vision for dimensional measurement. Based on analyzing the photogrammetric calibration and self-calibration methods, a new planar way is proposed in this paper for calibrating the camera for the 2D objects. Induced some non-linear distortion factors, a fast algorithm is adopted to solve the complicated non-linear equations in calibration model. With this algorithm, a concatenation technique is used to reconstruct a 3D object from two 2D planar photos. In the second part of this paper, a calibration method using only one plane, which can be moved on some simple equipment, is deduced for 3D object dimensional measurement. Mathematic model and its transformation process are discussed in detail. This method can be used especially for profile inspection of machine parts in industrial working-field. An application to inspect the profile of train wheel is given in this paper. Experimental results are given to show the parameters of camera system and the measuring accuracy.
Delayed restoration of epidermal barrier function after suction blister injury in patients with diabetes mellitus (1999)

The results suggest that restoration of the epidermal barrier function is delayed in the patients with diabetes. There were also a trend toward an initially weaker inflammatory response.
Effect of Growth Conditions and Surface Characteristics of Aquatic Bacteria on Their Attachment to Solid Surfaces (1986)

Summary: The physico-chemical basis for the effects of nutrient conditions on the attachment of four freshwater isolates, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Chromobacterium sp. and Flexibacter sp., to hydrophobic (PD) and relatively hydrophilic (TCD) polystyrene surfaces was investigated. Different nutrient conditions and growth rates resulted in changes in the physico-chemistry of the bacterial surfaces, measured either by liquid contact angles on lawns of cells or by hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction chromatography of cells, and in different levels of attachment to the substrata. The phenotypic changes in cell surfaces and the levels of attachment were different for each species. Levels of bacterial adhesion differed for the two substrata, indicating different adhesion interactions with PD and TCD surfaces. Treatment of attached cells with chloramphenicol did not cause detachment of any of the bacteria from PD or TCD, whereas periodate and protease treatment removed some attached cells, the degree of detachment depending on the species. The presence of complex organic molecules, in the liquid phase and conditioning the solid surface, influenced the extent of bacterial attachment, the effect depending on the substratum, organic concentration and bacterial species. The results suggest that changes in nutrient conditions in natural aquatic habitats will affect the attachment of individual bacterial species differently, thus influencing the population structure of developing biofilms.
Nonlinear backlash compensation using recurrent neural network. Unsupervised learning by genetic algorithm (2005)

This paper presents a new method to compensate for nonlinearity in machine control. The method uses a recurrent neural network as a servo controller with a feedback loop. The recurrent neural network has dynamic characteristics and can express functions which depend on time. It is necessary to determine appropriate interconnection weights of the network. The approach proposed applies the genetic algorithm to determine the interconnection weights of the recurrent neural networks. This approach does not need the teaching signals. The proposed method is applied to compensate for nonlinear backlash in machine control. Simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
A new multi-class SVM based on a uniform convergence result (2000)

We introduce a support vector machine devoted to the approximation of multi-class discriminant functions. Its training procedure consists in minimizing an expression of the guaranteed risk. This bound is significantly tighter than the former ones, which should make the implementation of the structural risk minimization inductive principle in the context of multi-class discrimination better grounded.
The α‐Addition of Immonium Ions and Anions to Isonitriles Accompanied by Secondary Reactions (1962)

Abstract The α‐addition of immonium ions and anions (OH − , SeH − , S 2 O 3 2− , N 3 − NCO − NCS − , RCO 2 − , ROCO 2 − ) to isonitriles, accompanied by secondary reactions provides a means for the one‐stage synthesis of organic nitrogen compounds starting with two to five different components. Thus, by the condensations of amines (ammonia, primary, and secondary aliphatic and aromatic amines, hydrazines) and aldehydes or ketones with isonitriles and acids, a number of α‐aminocarboxylic acid amides, thioamides, selenoamides, 1,5‐disubstituted retrazoles, hydantoin imides, thiohydantoin imides, α‐acylamino carboxylic acid amides, oligopeptide derivatives, β‐lactams, derivatives of penicillanic acid, urethanes, diacylimides, and various hydrazine derivatives, can be prepared. The reactions are easily carried out and take place under mild conditions. Yields of more than 90% are frequently encountered.
A Potent, Water-Soluble and Photoinducible DNA Cross-Linking Agent (2003)

Water-soluble DNA cross-linking phenol and biphenol derivatives 3 and 6 have been synthesized by a Mannich reaction. Both of them can cross-link DNA by photoactivation using visible light (wavelength > 400 nm). Compound 6 can cross-link DNA at pH 5.0 and 7.7, whereas no cross-link was observed at pH 10.0. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicated that 6 displays a twist structure. Therefore, it could bind to DNA naturally and has potent property to cross-link DNA after photoactivation.
Modulation of light by light in silicon-on-insulator waveguides (2003)

We report infrared light modulation based on direct free-carrier absorption induced by visible light irradiation in silicon-on-insulator waveguides. An amplitude modulation depth of 96% and 89% was measured for waveguide light carrier at a wavelength of 1.55 and 1.32 μm. The frequency dependence of the modulation effect was measured as well.
Upregulated expression and function of VLA-4 fibronectin receptors on human activated T cells in rheumatoid arthritis. (1991)

The VLA-4 (CD49d/CD29) integrin is a cell surface receptor involved in the interaction of lymphoid cells with both extracellular matrix (ECM) and endothelial cells. We have investigated the expression and function of VLA-4 fibronectin (FN) receptors on T cells localized in the inflammed synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A high proportion of T cells in both synovial membrane (SM) and synovial fluid (SF) expressed the activation antigens AIM (CD69) and gp95/85 (Ea2) as well as an increased number of VLA-4 alpha and beta 1 adhesion molecules, as compared with peripheral blood (PB) T cells from the same patients. Furthermore, the majority of these activated SF T cells were able to adhere to a 38-kD FN proteolytic fragment containing the connecting segment-1 (CS-1) specifically through VLA-4 receptors, whereas a significantly lower proportion of PB T cells displayed this capacity. Therefore, our results show that activated T cells selectively localize at sites of tissue injury in RA disease and provide evidence for the in vivo regulation of the expression and function of the VLA-4 integrin. This regulatory mechanism may enable T cells either to facilitate migration or to persist at sites of inflammation.
Efficient three‐drug cocktail for disease induced by mutant superoxide dismutase (2003)

There is currently no effective pharmacological treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Because evidence suggests that multiple pathways may contribute to ALS pathogenesis, we tested in a mouse model of ALS (SOD1(G37R) mice) a combination approach consisting of three drugs for distinct targets in the complex pathway to neuronal death: minocycline, an antimicrobial agent that inhibits microglial activation, riluzole, a glutamate antagonist, and nimodipine, a voltage-gated calcium channel blocker. The efficacy of this three-drug cocktail was remarkable when administered in the diet from late presymptomatic stage (8-9 months). It delayed the onset of disease, slowed the loss of muscle strength, and increased the average longevity of SOD1(G37R) mice by 6 weeks. The protective effect of the treatment was corroborated by the reduced immunodetection signals for markers of gliosis and neurodegeneration in the spinal cord of SOD1(G37R) mice. These results indicate that such three-drug combination may represent an effective strategy for ALS treatment.
Increased Serum Concentration of Angiogenic Factors in Malignant Melanoma Patients Correlates With Tumor Progression and Survival (2001)

Our data suggest that the angiogenic serum factors VEGF, bFGF, and IL-8 are useful predictive markers for overall and progression-free survival in melanoma patients.
Synthesis of alkoxy-substituted diaryl compounds and correlation of ring separation with inhibition of tubulin polymerization: differential enhancement of inhibitory effects under suboptimal polymerization reaction conditions (1992)

A number of cytostatic compounds (2-4, 7, and 8), which can be described as "diaryl", inhibit tubulin polymerization, cause cells to accumulate in mitotic arrest, and competitively inhibit the binding of colchicine to tubulin. They differ, however, in the separation of the two aryl moieties. To attempt to understand this variability we prepared a series of analogues modeled on 3 and 4 ("benzodioxole series") and on 7 and 8 ("combretastatin series") which differed only in the number of methylene units (ranging from none to four) separating the aryl moieties. These compounds were evaluated for their effects on tubulin polymerization, colchicine binding, and the growth of L1210 murine leukemia cells. In terms of inhibitory effects on tubulin polymerization, for the combretastatin series there was an optimal separation of the two phenyl rings by a two-carbon bridge (compound 24), with progressively decreasing inhibitory activity when the separation was by one carbon (20), three carbons (25), or four carbons (28) (the biphenyl analogue 16 was inactive). The benzodioxole series, however, did not permit us to generalize this finding, because the least active agents prepared (39 and 40) had a two-carbon bridge, while those with one- (5 and 6) and three-carbon (46 and 47) bridges were nearly equivalent in potency. Submicromolar IC50 values for inhibition of L1210 cell growth were only obtained for compounds 20 (IC50, 0.2 microM), 24 (0.07 microM), and 25 (0.4 microM). While evaluating the effects of these agents on tubulin polymerization, we noted with the combretastatin series and with several standard agents that apparent potency (in terms of IC50 values) was always lower if the reaction was performed at 30 degrees C, with 0.25 mM MgCl2, than at 37 degrees C, with 1.0 mM MgCl2. This enhancement of IC50 values in the former system as compared with the latter was particularly dramatic for the less active agents (e.g., 28) as compared with the more active (e.g. 24).
TNT: improved rotation and translation on digital tables (2006)

Digital tabletop systems allow users to work on computational objects in a flexible and natural setting. Since users can easily move to different positions around a table, systems must allow people to orient artifacts to their current position. However, it is only recently that rotation and translation techniques have been specifically designed for tabletops, and existing techniques still do not feel as simple and efficient as their real-world counterparts. To address this problem, we studied the ways that people move and reorient sheets of paper on real-world tabletops. We found that in almost all cases, rotation and translation are carried out simultaneously, and that an open-palm hand position was the most common way to carry out the motion. Based on our observations, we designed a new set of reorientation techniques that more closely parallel real-world motions. The new techniques, collectively called TNT, use three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) input to allow simultaneous rotation and translation. A user study showed that all three variants of TNT were faster than a recent technique called RNT; in addition, participants strongly preferred TNT.
Analysis of cell cycle regulator proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (2003)

These results suggest that loss of control of cell cycle checkpoints is a common occurrence in lung cancers, and support the idea that functional cooperation between different cell cycle inhibitor proteins constitutes another level of regulation in cell growth control and tumour suppression.
Myotonic dystrophy: present management, future therapy (2004)

Abstract This book provides a full and practical account of management of myotonic dystrophy, the commonest muscular dystrophy of adult life and a condition of exceptional variability. Written for neurologists, clinical geneticists and other clinical specialities involved with the disorder, it deals with both the neurological aspects and also the wide range of systemic complications that may occur. In addition it provides details of information and support available to patients and families and gives a summary of the present state of clinical trials of therapeutic agents. These sections are preceded by general introductory chapters describing both the clinical features and also the current state of research into understanding the underlying mechanisms.
Production of human lymphoblastoid interferon by Namalva cells (1978)

Optimum conditions for growth and interferon production by a human lymphoblastoid cell line, Namalva, have been studied. Adaptation to large-scale production is possible utilizing either Sendai virus or Newcastle disease virus. Priming of cultures before induction is unnecessary. The interferon produced has properties similar to human leukocyte interferon. The production of lymphoblastoid interferon per cell is increased two- to fourfold after dilution with serum-free medium of a saturation-density culture of Namalva induced with Newcastle disease virus. Maximum interferon yields were obtained 27 h after the addition of virus, using cultures diluted to 4 X 10(5) to 9 X 10(5) cells per ml. The presence of glutamine in the dilution medium was required for maximum interferon production. Newcastle disease virus appeared to inhibit the rates of RNA and protein synthesis more effectively in the diluted cultures.