gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction between focal adhesion kinase and Crk-associated tyrosine kinase substrate p130Cas. (1995)

The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in integrin-mediated signaling events and in the mechanism of cell transformation by the v-Src and v-Crk oncoproteins. To gain further insight into FAK signaling pathways, we used a two-hybrid screen to identify proteins that interact with mouse FAK. The screen identified two proteins that interact with FAK via their Src homology 3 (SH3) domains: a v-Crk-associated tyrosine kinase substrate (Cas), p130Cas, and a still uncharacterized protein, FIPSH3-2, which contains an SH3 domain closely related to that of p130Cas. These SH3 domains bind to the same proline-rich region of FAK (APPKPSR) encompassing residues 711-717. The mouse p130Cas amino acid sequence was deduced from cDNA clones, revealing an overall high degree of similarity to the recently reported rat sequence. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that p130Cas and FAK are associated in mouse fibroblasts. The stable interaction between p130Cas and FAK emerges as a likely key element in integrin-mediated signal transduction and further represents a direct molecular link between the v-Src and v-Crk oncoproteins. The Src family kinase Fyn, whose Src homology 2 (SH2) domain binds to the major FAK autophosphorylation site (tyrosine 397), was also identified in the two-hybrid screen.
Substance Abuse Treatment with Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual People (2002)

Abstract Substance abuse treatment for lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) individuals cannot center solely on substance abuse, but must also address the social and psychological aspects of being LGB. This study uses qualitative methods to examine service providers' knowledge and clinical impressions of issues commonly experienced by LGB people with substance use problems. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with clinicians experienced in counselling LGB clients. The data were analyzed using NUD*IST qualitative software to derive salient themes presented by the service providers. Eight major themes were identified: openness and disclosure of sexual orientation in substance use treatment; the “coming out” process; societal homophobia; internalized homophobia; family and support systems; bars and social life; body image; and the impact of HIV and AIDS. Examples for each of the major themes are provided.
Decomposing adult age differences in working memory. (1991)

Two studies, involving a total of 460 adults between 18 and 87 years of age, were conducted to determine which of several hypothesized processing components was most responsible for age-related declines in working memory functioning. Significant negative correlations between age and measures of working memory (i.e., from -.39 to -.52) were found in both studies, and these relations were substantially attenuated by partialing measures hypothesized to reflect storage capacity, processing efficiency, coordination effectiveness, and simple comparison speed. Because the greatest attenuation of the age relations occurred with measures of simple processing speed, it was suggested that many of the age differences in working memory may be mediated by age-related reductions in the speed of executing elementary operations. Working memory is generally defined as the preservation of information while simultaneously processing the same or other information. It is distinguished from other forms of memory because the assumption that it reflects both processing and storage implies that it plays an important role in many cognitive tasks (e.g., Baddeley, 1986; Carpenter & Just, 1989; Salthouse, 1990). An illustration of the hypothesized functioning of working memory in one cognitive task, mental arithmetic, is presented in Figure 1. The left column in this figure indicates the operations to be performed, and the right column represents the intermediate products that must be temporarily stored while carrying out those operations. This figure is useful because it graphically illustrates both the importance and the complexity of working memory. That is, it is clear from this example that effective storage of information is essential in order for the successful performance of certain cognitive tasks. Figure 1 also suggests that it may be fruitful to think of working memory not as a single discrete structure, but rather as a dynamic interchange among three conceptually distinct aspects or components-processing efficiency, storage capacity, and coordination effectiveness. Processing is represented by the series of operations in the left column, storage is represented by the entries in the right column, and coordination can be assumed to correspond both to the sequencing of operations and to the arrows portraying the exchange of information between processing and storage. A primary purpose of this article was to investigate the contribution of these three hypothesized components to age-related differences in measures of working memory. Each of the components has been hypothesized to be an important source of adult age differences by one or more researchers, but few definitive conclusions have been possible because the currently available evidence is both weak and inconsistent. To illustrate,
Molecular Cloning of the Complementary DNA for Human Tumor Necrosis Factor (1985)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF was purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The amino acid sequence was determined for the amino terminal end of the purified protein, and oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were synthesized on the basis of this sequence. Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human TNF was cloned from induced HL-60 messenger RNA and was confirmed by hybrid-selection assay, direct expression in COS-7 cells, and nucleotide sequence analysis. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. Expression of high levels of human TNF in Escherichia coli was accomplished under control of the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter and gene N ribosome binding site.
A Variational Bayesian Framework for Clustering with Multiple Graphs (2011)

Mining patterns in graphs has become an important issue in real applications, such as bioinformatics and web mining. We address a graph clustering problem where a cluster is a set of densely connected nodes, under a practical setting that 1) the input is multiple graphs which share a set of nodes but have different edges and 2) a true cluster cannot be found in all given graphs. For this problem, we propose a probabilistic generative model and a robust learning scheme based on variational Bayesian estimation. A key feature of our probabilistic framework is that not only nodes but also given graphs can be clustered at the same time, allowing our model to capture clusters found in only part of all given graphs. We empirically evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed framework on not only a variety of synthetic graphs but also real gene networks, demonstrating that our proposed approach can improve the clustering performance of competing methods in both synthetic and real data.
Modeling of GE Appliances: Cost Benefit Study of Smart Appliances in Wholesale Energy, Frequency Regulation, and Spinning Reserve Markets (2012)

This report is the second in a series of three reports describing the potential of GE’s DR-enabled appliances to provide benefits to the utility grid. The first report described the modeling methodology used to represent the GE appliances in the GridLAB-D simulation environment and the estimated potential for peak demand reduction at various deployment levels. The third report will explore the technical capability of aggregated group actions to positively impact grid stability, including frequency and voltage regulation and spinning reserves, and the impacts on distribution feeder voltage regulation, including mitigation of fluctuations caused by high penetration of photovoltaic distributed generation. In this report, a series of analytical methods were presented to estimate the potential cost benefit of smart appliances while utilizing demand response. Previous work estimated the potential technical benefit (i.e., peak reduction) of smart appliances, while this report focuses on the monetary value of that participation. The effects on wholesale energy cost and possible additional revenue available by participating in frequency regulation and spinning reserve markets were explored.
Using additive noise in back-propagation training (1992)

The possibility of improving the generalization capability of a neural network by introducing additive noise to the training samples is discussed. The network considered is a feedforward layered neural network trained with the back-propagation algorithm. Back-propagation training is viewed as nonlinear least-squares regression and the additive noise is interpreted as generating a kernel estimate of the probability density that describes the training vector distribution. Two specific application types are considered: pattern classifier networks and estimation of a nonstochastic mapping from data corrupted by measurement errors. It is not proved that the introduction of additive noise to the training vectors always improves network generalization. However, the analysis suggests mathematically justified rules for choosing the characteristics of noise if additive noise is used in training. Results of mathematical statistics are used to establish various asymptotic consistency results for the proposed method. Numerical simulations support the applicability of the training method.
Novel insecticidal oxathiolane and oxathiane oxime carbamates (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel insecticidal oxathiolane and oxathiane oxime carbamatesA. Peter Kurtz, John A. Durden Jr., Anthony A. Sousa, and Mathias H. J. WeidenCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1987, 35, 1, 106–114Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00073a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00073a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Transparent robust authentication and distortion measurement technique for images (2002)

We propose a novel scheme to embed an invisible signature into an image to check image integrity and measure its distortion. The technique is based on the pseudo-noise sequences and visual masking effects. The values of an image are modified by a pseudo-noise signature which is shaped by the perceptual thresholds from masking effects. The method is robust and can gauge errors accurately up to half of the perceptual thresholds. It also readily identifies large image distortion. Experimental results after applying JPEG and white noise to the image are also reported.
Influence of Filler Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Nylon-6 Polymer (2004)

In general addition compounds are added to polymers to design composite materials with improved properties and to lower the overall production cost. In this investigation, the influence of adding inorganic mineral fillers on the mechanical properties of nylon-6 is investigated. One or combination of more than one filler with different percentage by weight were added to nylon-6. Wollastonite and glass beads with weight percentage varying between 10 and 30wt.% were added to nylon-6. Samples of the composites were prepared by injection molding process. Uniaxial tensile and Izod impact tests were carried out. Tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus of elasticity and impact energy were obtained. The results showed that the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of nylon-6 composite increases with the increase in filler weight ratio while the impact strength and maximum elongation decreases with the increase in filler weight ratio. The maximum improvement is recorded with the addition of 10–15 wt.% filler ratio.
Two-dimensional polymerization of lipid bilayers: degree of polymerization of acryloyl lipids (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-dimensional polymerization of lipid bilayers: degree of polymerization of acryloyl lipidsTodd D. Sells and David F. O'BrienCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 1, 226–233Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00079a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00079a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence of Genetic Heterogeneity in the Long QT Syndrome (1993)

thee long QT syndrome (LQT) is a familial predisposition to sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias. M. Keating et al. performed linkage analysis in a large Utah family and found that th disease was closely linked to the Harvey ras-1 (H-ras-1) locus on chromosome 11. With the use of the probe pTBB-2 at the H-ras-1 oncogene, a logarithm of the likelihood ratio for linkage (lod score) of +16.44 was obtained by Keating et al. In a subsequent study, tight linkage of LQT to the H-ras-1 locus was found in six other small LQT families. The combined lod score from these two studies was +21.65 at a recombination fraction of 0. This tight linkage suggests that mutations at the H-ras-1 locus or at a closely linked locus resulted in LQT in the families studied. In view of the clinical heterogeneity and possible genetic heterogeneity in this syndrome, we analyzed a large Jewish family with a history of LQT. This family, whose origin is the island of Jerba near Tunic and whose members reside in Israel, is probably the largest family with LQT outside the United States. It comprises 131 individuals, of whom 28 have been affected. Clinical and electrocardiographic data collected overmore » 7 years were available for 92 family members and blood samples for genetic analysis were available for 74. This analysis, together with that of Keating et al., provides evidence for genetic heterogeneity in the determination of the LQT.« less
Plasma testosterone in male patients with Huntington's disease: Relations to severity of illness and dementia (2005)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms and by a progressive loss among other, of dopaminergic receptors in striatum, cortex, and hypothalamus. Central dopaminergic activity has been implicated in the regulation of sex hormones. Several features of testosterone deficiency, such as reduced muscle mass, depressive mood, and cognitive impairment, are often present in HD patients, but data on their testosterone levels are lacking. We assessed plasma levels of testosterone, LH, and FSH in 42 male patients with HD, confirmed by molecular genetic analysis, and searched for differences from age-matched healthy male subjects and for relations to CAG repeat number, age, age range, 26 to 76 (mean, 50.7 +/- 12.3) years; duration of illness range, 1 to 23 (mean, 6.7 +/- 6.3) years; and CAG repeat numbers from 40 to 65 (45.1 +/- 3.8). Disease symptomatology was assessed using the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale. Testosterone and LH levels of the patients were significantly lower compared to the levels of 44 age-matched (mean age, 48.9 +/- 13.0, range, 26-76 years) healthy men. Severity of illness was negatively related to plasma testosterone levels. Further, low testosterone levels were associated with dementia but not with depression or psychotic features. Clinical studies with selected HD patients are needed to evaluate possible beneficial effects of androgen substitution therapy on cognitive functions, depression, muscle mass and strength, general well-being, and, eventually, neuroprotective effects.
Quality control for plant metabolomics: reporting MSI‐compliant studies (2008)

The Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) has recently released documents describing minimum parameters for reporting metabolomics experiments, in order to validate metabolomic studies and to facilitate data exchange. The reporting parameters encompassed by MSI include the biological study design, sample preparation, data acquisition, data processing, data analysis and interpretation relative to the biological hypotheses being evaluated. Herein we exemplify how such metadata can be reported by using a small case study - the metabolite profiling by GC-TOF mass spectrometry of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves from a knockout allele of the gene At1g08510 in the Wassilewskija ecotype. Pitfalls in quality control are highlighted that can invalidate results even if MSI reporting standards are fulfilled, including reliable compound identification and integration of unknown metabolites. Standardized data processing methods are proposed for consistent data storage and dissemination via databases.
Marked age‐dependent neuroprotection by brain‐derived neurotrophic factor against neonatal hypoxic—ischemic brain injury (1997)

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in survivors of perinatal asphyxia is a frequently encountered clinical problem for which there is currently no effective therapy. Neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can protect responsive neurons against cell death in some injury paradigms. While the role of BDNF in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is not clear, evidence suggests that BDNF may have different effects in the developing, as opposed to the adult, brain. We found that a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of BDNF resulted in rapid and robust phosphorylation of trk receptors in multiple brain regions in the postnatal day (PD) 7 rat brain. BDNF also markedly protected against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury at PD7. It protected against 90% of tissue loss due to hypoxic-ischemia when given just prior to the insult and against 50% of tissue loss when give after the insult. In contrast, ICV injection of BDNF in PD21 and adult rats resulted in little trk phosphorylation and less dramatic protection against unilateral hypoxic-ischemic injury at PD21. Because of its potent neuroprotective actions in the developing brain, BDNF may be a potential treatment for asphyxia and other forms of acute injury in the perinatal period.
Influence of the Extent of Hemoglobin Hydrolysis on the Digestive Absorption of Heme Iron. An In Vitro Study (2002)

This study was designed to assess the interactions of heme with peptides produced by enzyme hydrolysis of hemoglobin, and their relationship with heme iron absorption. Bovine hemoglobin was hydrolyzed by pepsin or by subtilisin, which differ in their hydrolysis processes. The hydrolysis rate ranged from 0 (native hemoglobin) to 15%. Heme solubility and heme-peptides interactions were compared to iron absorption by the Ussing chamber model, at intestinal pH (7.5). Increasing hemoglobin hydrolysis enhanced iron absorption; the highest value was reached between 8 and 11% hydrolysis, whatever the enzyme used. Comparing the products of hydrolysis of the two enzymes showed that heme iron absorption depends not only on its solubility, but relies mainly on the balance between the strength of heme-peptides and the polymerization rate of heme.
ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA WITH COEXPRESSION OF CD56 AND CD57: Case Reports (2004)

The authors present the clinical profile of a 6-year-old girl with an unusual immunophenotype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). At the initial presentation, massive hepatosplenomegaly developed. The leukemic cells were myeloperoxidase-negative and morphologically lymphoblastic. These cells were positive for B-precursor-cell (CD10, CD19) antigens and natural killer cells (CD56, CD57). Rearrangements of both immunoglobulin heavy chain alleles and monoallelic rearrangement of T-cell receptors (TCRs)-beta and -delta genes, but not that of TCR-gamma gene, were detected, suggesting that these cells being of B-precursor origin. The patient received chemotherapy for extremely high-risk ALL with a good response. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first pediatric case describing coexpression of CD56 and CD57 on B-lineage ALL.
Decitabine in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in elderly patients (2014)

The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are elderly and have a poor prognosis despite induction therapy. Decitabine, a DNA-hypomethylating agent that induces differentiation and apoptosis of leukemic cells, is a well-tolerated alternative to aggressive chemotherapy. It is currently FDA-approved for myelodysplastic syndrome, including patients with 20%-30% bone marrow blasts. Recent clinical attention has focused on evaluating decitabine as frontline therapy for untreated high-risk elderly AML patients. A large randomized international phase III study comparing decitabine to supportive care and cytarabine in elderly AML patients demonstrated significantly improved complete remission rates, but the survival difference did not reach significance. Due to this, decitabine did not achieve FDA approval for AML, but continues to be used off-label. Current research is focused on further defining subgroups of elderly AML patients who may derive greater benefit from decitabine therapy and combining it with other low-intensity active agents for AML.