gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD74 Is Expressed by Multiple Myeloma and Is a Promising Target for Therapy (2004)

CD74 expression is frequent in multiple myeloma, with predominant expression by the malignant plasma cells. Because anti-CD74 mAbs internalize very rapidly and LL1 mAb has shown efficacy in B-lymphoma models, CD74 represents a novel and promising target for treatment of multiple myeloma. Therefore, LL1 mAb is well suited as a carrier of radionuclides, drugs, or toxins, and also has activity as an unlabeled mAb, thereby supporting its development for this unmet need in cancer therapy.
Emerging Concepts in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy and Epileptogenesis (2009)

Recent studies of the problem of ictogenesis, or the ways that seizures develop in an already hyperexcitable brain, are leading to paradigm-shifting concepts that may lead to exciting new therapies for seizures. Research on the equally important area of epileptogenesis, or the ways that a normal brain becomes epileptic, is also expanding, but comparable research into translation of laboratory findings into successful clinical interventions for those at high risk needs to be developed.
Interleukin (IL) 15/IL-T production by the adult T-cell leukemia cell line HuT-102 is associated with a human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I region /IL-15 fusion message that lacks many upstream AUGs that normally attenuates IL-15 mRNA translation. (1996)

We reported previously that the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia line HuT-102 produces a cytokine designated interleukin (IL) T that requires interleukin (IL) 2 receptor beta-subunit expression for its action. Using anti-cytokine antibodies, we demonstrated that IL-T is identical to the simultaneously described IL-15. When compared to activated monocytes, IL-15 mRNA expression was 6- to 10-fold greater in HuT-102 cells. The predominant IL-15 message from HuT-102 is a chimeric mRNA joining a segment of the R region of the long terminal repeat of HTLV-I and the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of IL-15. Normally, by alternative splicing, this 118-nucleotide R element represents the most 5' region of several HTLV-I transcripts including tax, rex, and env. The introduction of the R element eliminated over 200 nucleotides of the IL-15 5'-UTR, including 8 of 10 upstream AUGs that are present in normal IL-15 messages. On analysis of the 5'-UTR of normal IL-15, we demonstrated that the presence of these 10 upstream AUGs interferes with IL-15 mRNA translation. Thus, IL-15 synthesis by the adult T-cell leukemia line HuT- 102 involves an increase in IL-15 mRNA transcription and translation secondary to the production of an HTLV-I R element fusion message that lacks many upstream AUGs.
Genomic targeting and genetic conversion in cancer therapy. (1996)

A number of cellular transformations are due, in large part, to a single base mutation that alters the function of the expressed protein. Similarly, alterations in the DNA sequence of a gene involved in cell proliferation can have a significant effect on the viability of particular cells, Thus, the capacity to modulate the base sequence of such a gene would be a useful tool for cancer therapeutics. We have developed an experimental strategy that centers around site-specific DNA base mutation or correction using a unique chimeric oligonucleotide. This chimeric molecule has demonstrated higher recombinogenic activities than identical oligonucleotides containing only DNA residues, both in vitro and in vivo. The chimeric molecule is designed to hybridize to a target site within the genome and induce a single base mismatch at the residue targeted for mutation. The DNA structure created at this site is recognized by the host cell's repair system which mediates the correction reaction. The bcr-abl fusion gene, the product of a translocation between human chromosomes 9 and 22, and the cause of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) can be targeted for gene correction. This fusion gene is a good choice because (1) it is a unique target in CML; (2) it is a single copy target; (3) the DNA sequence of the fusion gene is unique. The goal of such experiments is to knock-out the fusion gene by changing a glutamine or lysine codon into a stop codon through a chimeric directed DNA repair system.
Maize Streak Virus Coat Protein Is Karyophyllic and Facilitates Nuclear Transport of Viral DNA (1999)

Transport of maize streak virus (MSV) DNA into the nucleus of host cells is essential for virus replication and the presence of virus particles in the nuclei of infected cells implies that coat protein (CP) must enter the nucleus. To see if CP is imported into the nucleus in the absence of other viral gene products, the MSV CP gene was expressed in insect cells with a baculovirus vector system, and also in tobacco protoplasts with a cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter-driven transient gene expression vector. Immunofluorescent staining showed that the CP accumulated in the nuclei of both insect and tobacco cells. Mutagenesis of a potential nuclear localization signal in the CP resulted in cytoplasmic accumulation of the mutant protein. We have shown previously that the CP binds to single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) viral DNA. To investigate if CP might also be involved in viral DNA nuclear transport, Escherichia coli-expressed CP, together with TOTO-1-labeled viral ss or ds DNA, was microinjected into maize and tobacco epidermal cells. Both ss and ds DNA moved into the nucleus when co-injected with the CP but not with E. coli proteins alone. These results suggest that, in addition to entering the nucleus where it is required for encapsidation of the viral ss DNA, the MSV CP facilitates the rapid transport of viral (ss or ds) DNA into the nucleus.
A 2.3 V PHEMT power SP3T antenna switch IC for GSM handsets (2003)

A high power GaAs pHEMT SP3T antenna-switch IC for GSM handsets has been developed With P1dB over 36 dBm, this switch IC features high harmonic rejection of 70 dBc at 900 MHz and 34 dBm, and at 1800 MHz and 32 dBm input power, both operating at 2.3 V and at +85C Insertion loss of 0.55 dB and 0.750, and isolation of greater than 25 dB at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz, respectively, are also achieved. The high performance attributes to the combination of pHEMT process and design techniques.
A hybrid approach to extract protein–protein interactions (2010)

bqchinh@gmail.com.
Effects of geometry on slot-jet film cooling performance (1995)

Physics of film cooling for shaped, inclined slot-jets with realistic slot-length-to-width ratios is studied for a range of blowing ratio and density ratio parameters typical of gas turbine operations. Effect of inlet and exit shaping of the slot-jet on both flow and thermal field is isolated, and the dominant mechanisms responsible for differences in these items are documented. A computation method was used to study 4 configurations. Field results and surface phenomena are presented. Both adiabatic film effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient are vital in assessing film cooling performance. Performance of two popular turbulence models were studied to evaluate ability to handle highly elliptic jet/crossflow interaction type processes. The simulations were consistent.
High Circulating CD34 Cells, Dacrocytes, Clonal Hematopoiesis, and JAK 2 Mutation Differentiate Secondary Myelofibrosis Associated with Pulmonary Hypertension from Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia. (2005)

Abstract Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder, characterized by splenomegaly and myelofibrosis. Like all myeloproliferative disorders, it is due to an acquired somatic mutation of a hematopoietic progenitor resulting in clonal erythrocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. A single acquired point mutation of JAK2 1849G&amp;gt;T (V617F), a tyrosine kinase with a key role in signal transduction from growth factor receptors, occurs in 50%–97% of patients with MMM, essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). We studied 25 myelofibrosis patients with myeloid metaplasia and myelofibrosis complicating PV or ET. These were compared to 19 patients with secondary myelofibrosis of equivalent severity associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) treated by epoprostenol. In these two groups we compared peripheral blood CD34 counts, clonality of granulocytes and platelets in peripheral blood, mutational status of JAK 2 kinase gene, and morphology of peripheral blood and bone marrow. Heterozygosity for JAK 2 1849G&amp;gt;T somatic mutation was seen in 17 of 23 (74%) patients with MMM including 10 of 15 patients (67%) with idiopathic myelofibrosis and 7 of 8 patients (88%) with myelofibrosis complicating PV or ET, but was absent in all 19 patients with myelofibrosis associated with PH (P&amp;lt;0.0001, Fisher exact test 2 tailed). The number of peripheral blood CD 34 cells was significantly higher in patients with MMM compared to patients with secondary myelofibrosis associated with PH; 1.1% (95% CI, 0.58%–1.64%) in patients with MMM versus 0.08% (95% CI, 0.04%–0.12%) in patients with PH, or 0.05% (95% CI, 0.03%–0.06%) in normal healthy controls (P&amp;lt;0.01). Further, patients with PH lacked dacrocytes, erythroid precursors, or myeloid precursors (leukoerythroblastic picture) on examination of the blood smear. Clonal hematopoiesis was found only in those women with marrow fibrosis due to MMM, PV and ET and not in patients with secondary marrow fibrosis (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). We conclude that a high circulating CD34 count, clonal platelets and granulocytes, presence of dacrocytes, and JAK2 1849G&amp;gt;T (V617F) mutation of clonal progenitors are the intrinsic features present in patients with myelofibrosis due to myeloproliferative disorders and that these features are not due to the abnormal marrow architecture that is seen in secondary myelofibrosis.
HIV Population Dynamics in Vivo: Implications for Genetic Variation, Pathogenesis, and Therapy (1995)

Several recent reports indicate that the long, clinically latent phase that characterizes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of humans is not a period of viral inactivity, but an active process in which cells are being infected and dying at a high rate and in large numbers. These results lead to a simple steady-state model in which infection, cell death, and cell replacement are in balance, and imply that the unique feature of HIV is the extraordinarily large number of replication cycles that occur during infection of a single individual. This turnover drives both the pathogenic process and (even more than mutation rate) the development of genetic variation. This variation includes the inevitable and, in principle, predictable accumulation of mutations such as those conferring resistance to antiviral drugs whose presence before therapy must be considered in the design of therapeutic strategies.
Quelques Sulfanilamidopyrimidines Substituées (1945)

Abstract Poursuivant leurs recherches sur les sulfanilamidopyrimidines, les auteurs en ont préparé plusieurs dérivés, substitués par les groupes hydroxy, méthyle, méthoxy, méthylthio, phénylthio et anilino. L'activité chimiothérapeutique des nouveaux composés a été examinée.
Hand gesture recognition system using multiple cameras (1996)

We describe a method to detect hand position, posture and finger bendings using multiple camera images. Stable detection can be achieved by using skeleton images, and this is confirmed through experiments. This system can be used as a user interface device in a virtual environment, replacing glove-type devices and overcoming most of the disadvantages of contact-type devices. Future work includes verification of the method's availability as a gesture-based man-machine interface system.
Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria (2005)

Valuable information on translation initiation is available from biochemical data and recently solved structures. We present a detailed description of current knowledge about the structure, function, and interactions of the individual components involved in bacterial translation initiation. The first section describes the ribosomal features relevant to the initiation process. Subsequent sections describe the structure, function, and interactions of the mRNA, the initiator tRNA, and the initiation factors IF1, IF2, and IF3. Finally, we provide an overview of mechanisms of regulation of the translation initiation event. Translation occurs on ribonucleoprotein complexes called ribosomes. The ribosome is composed of a large subunit and a small subunit that hold the activities of peptidyltransfer and decode the triplet code of the mRNA, respectively. Translation initiation is promoted by IF1, IF2, and IF3, which mediate base pairing of the initiator tRNA anticodon to the mRNA initiation codon located in the ribosomal P-site. The mechanism of translation initiation differs for canonical and leaderless mRNAs, since the latter is dependent on the relative level of the initiation factors. Regulation of translation occurs primarily in the initiation phase. Secondary structures at the mRNA ribosomal binding site (RBS) inhibit translation initiation. The accessibility of the RBS is regulated by temperature and binding of small metabolites, proteins, or antisense RNAs. The future challenge is to obtain atomic-resolution structures of complete initiation complexes in order to understand the mechanism of translation initiation in molecular detail.
Increased Immunoaccessibility of MOMP Epitopes in a Vaccine Formulated with Amphipols May Account for the Very Robust Protection Elicited against a Vaginal Challenge with Chlamydia muridarum (2014)

There is a need to implement a vaccine to protect against Chlamydia trachomatis infections. To test a new vaccine, mice were immunized with the Chlamydia muridarum native major outer membrane protein (nMOMP) solubilized with either amphipol A8-35 or the detergent Z3-14. OVA was used as a negative control, and mice were inoculated intranasally with C. muridarum as positive controls. Animals vaccinated with nMOMP mounted strong Chlamydia-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Mice vaccinated with nMOMP/A8-35 had a higher ratio of Abs to denatured elementary bodies (EB) over live EB, recognized more synthetic MOMP peptides and had higher neutralizing titers than sera from mice immunized with nMOMP/Z3-14. T cell lymphoproliferative responses and levels of IFN-γ were also higher in mice vaccinated with nMOMP/A8-35 than with nMOMP/Z3-14. Following immunization, animals were challenged intravaginally with C. muridarum. On the basis of the number of mice with positive vaginal cultures, length of vaginal shedding, total number of positive vaginal cultures, and number of Chlamydia inclusion forming units recovered, nMOMP/A8-35 elicited a more robust protection than nMOMP/Z3-14. By depleting T cells with Abs, we determined that CD4(+) and not CD8(+) T cells mediated the protection elicited by nMOMP/A8-35. Mice were subsequently mated, and based on the number of pregnant mice and number of embryos, animals that were vaccinated with nMOMP/A8-35 or nMOMP/Z3-14 had fertility rates equivalent to the positive control group immunized with live EB and the fertility controls. In conclusion, increased accessibility of epitopes in the nMOMP/A8-35 preparation may account for the very robust protection against infection and disease elicited by this vaccine.
Sinusoidal endothelial cells of the liver: Fine structure and function in relation to age (1990)

Liver endothelial cells form a continuous lining of the liver capillaries, or sinusoids, separating parenchymal cells and fat-storing cells from sinusoidal blood. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells differ in fine structure from endothelial cells lining larger blood vessels and from other capillary endothelia in that they lack a distinct basement membrane and also contain open pores, or fenestrae, in the thin cytoplasmic projections which constitute the sinusoidal wall. This distinctive morphology supports the protective role played by liver endothelium, the cells forming a general barrier against pathogenic agents and serving as a selective sieve for substances passing from the blood to parenchymal and fat-storing cells, and vice versa. Sinusoidal endothelial cells, furthermore, significantly participate in the metabolic and clearance functions of the liver. They have been shown to be involved in the endocytosis and metabolism of a wide range of macromolecules, including glycoproteins, lipoproteins, extracellular matrix components, and inert colloids, establishing endothelial cells as a vital link in the complex network of cellular interactions and cooperation in the liver. Fine structural studies in combination with the development of cell isolation and culture techniques from both experimental animal and human liver have greatly contributed to the elucidation of these endothelial cell functions. Morphological and biochemical investigations have both revealed little changes with age except for an accumulation of iron ferritin and a decrease in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, Mg-ATPase, and in glucagon-stimulated adenylcyclase. Future studies are likely to disclose more fully the role of sinusoidal endothelial cells in the regulation of liver hemodynamics, in liver metabolism and blood clearance, in the maintenance of hepatic structure, in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, and in the aging process in the liver.
Effect of food-simulating liquids on surface characteristics of composite and polyacid-modified composite restoratives. (2001)

The chemical environment is one aspect of the oral environment that could have an appreciable influence on the in vivo degradation of composite resins. The effects of food-simulating liquids on the surface roughness and hardness of composite (Silux Plus, Z100, Spectrum TPH, and P50) and polyacid-modified composite resins (F2000 and Dyract AP) were thus investigated and compared. Sixty disks of each material were made. Half were used for microhardness testing and the remaining half for studying surface roughness using profilometry. Each group of 30 disks was subdivided into six groups of five and conditioned for one week as follows--Group 1 (control): air at 37 degrees C; Group 2: distilled water at 37 degrees C; Group 3: 0.02 N citric acid at 37 degrees C; Group 4: 0.02 N lactic acid at 37 degrees C Group 5: heptane at 37 degrees C; Group 6: 50% ethanol-water solution at 37 degrees C. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffé's test at a significance level of 0.05. Results showed that the surface roughness of all restoratives evaluated was not significantly affected by food-simulating liquids. No significant change in surface hardness was noted with conditioning of Spectrum TPH, Dyract AP, and F2000 in the various food-simulating liquids. The BIS-GMA-based composites Silux Plus, Z100, and P50 appeared to be more susceptible to the softening effects of some food-simulating liquids.
Evidence of Extranuclear Cell Sensitivity to Alpha-Particle Radiation Using a Microdosimetric Model. I. Presentation and Validation of a Microdosimetric Model (2009)

Chouin, N., Bernardeau, K., Davodeau, F., Chérel, M., Faivre-Chauvet, A., Bourgeois, M., Apostolidis, C., Morgenstern, A., Lisbona, A. and Bardiès, M. Evidence of Extranuclear Cell Sensitivity to Alpha-Particle Radiation Using a Microdosimetric Model. I. Presentation and Validation of a Microdosimetric Model. Radiat. Res. 171, 657–663 (2009).A microdosimetric model that makes it possible to consider the numerous biological and physical parameters of cellular α-particle irradiation by radiolabeled mAbs was developed. It allows for the calculation of single-hit and multi-hit distributions of specific energy within a cell nucleus or a whole cell in any irradiation configuration. Cells are considered either to be isolated or to be packed in a monolayer or a spheroid. The method of calculating energy deposits is analytical and is based on the continuous-slowing-down approximation. A model of cell survival, calculated from the microdosimetric spectra and the microdosimetric radiosensitivity, z0, was also developed. The algorithm of calculations was validated by comparison with two general Monte Carlo codes: MCNPX and Geant4. Microdosimetric spectra determined by these three codes showed good agreement for numerous geometrical configurations. The analytical method was far more efficient in terms of calculation time: A gain of more than 1000 was observed when using our model compared with Monte Carlo calculations. Good agreements were also observed with previously published results.
Hospice Care: Art and Science Evaluating Primary Caregiver Perceptions (1987)

This study retrospectively explored perceptions of hospice care by 47 family primary caregivers (PCGs) before, during, and after terminal care in four community based hospice programs. Results suggest that PCGs were more satisfied with hospice services when they were better informed by hospice staff, in areas where they had relatively high expectations for service and perceived needs. These areas were medical and emotional services as opposed to spiritual and social-environmental services. Also, PCGs appeared to prefer that hospice staff provide information which increased options for receiving medical and emotional support directly rather than being instructed about how to attain such support through more self-reliant means. Study findings generally confirm that PCGs are both givers and takers of care, but that they do not use the full range of hospice services. Implications and recommendations for advocates of community based hospices are discussed.
Double conditional human embryonic kidney cell line based on FLP and ΦC31 mediated transgene integration (2011)

In this study we have established and applied a HEK-attP/FRT cell line that allows site specific integration of two conditional transgenes using the FLP recombinase as well as the ΦC31 integrase.
Treatment of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis by Extracorporeal Immunoadsorption, Prednisolone and Cyclophosphamide (1991)

Ten patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure were treated with extracorporeal immunoadsorption, prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide. Three patients had systemic lupus erythematosus, five had microscopic polyarteritis and two had Wegener's granulomatosis. All ten patients were dialysis-dependent prior to immunoadsorption. Nine of ten patients rapidly regained renal function and seven continue to have independent renal function between 9 and 30 months after immunoadsorption. Three patients at presentation were not dialysis dependent. Despite treatment with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and oral prednisolone, renal function continued to deteriorate and they required dialysis. Immunoadsorption was then started without alteration in baseline immunosuppression. Within a mean of 4.6 days, range 3-7 days, renal function improved and the patients no longer required dialysis. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and double-stranded DNA antibodies were rapidly removed by immunoadsorption. Only one patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and two with microscopic polyarteritis had significant resynthesis of antibody at 1 month post-immunoadsorption. Renal biopsy before and after immunoadsorption and immunosuppressive therapy showed resolution of glomerular crescents and no evidence of active disease. Immunoadsorption coupled with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide may be of value in the treatment of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.