gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON HISTORICAL ASPECT OF BASTI (2011)

Basti is one of the most important measure described in variou s texts for the internal purification of our body i.e. Panchakarma. The wide applicability and highest disease curing ability bound Acharyas to describe it as 'Chikitsardha'. Because of its said peculiarities, we decided to search and elaborate its descrip tions in various texts starting from the oldest one i.e. Vedas. Basti has been described in nearly all texts st arting from Veda, Purana up to Y ogic and all Ayurvedic Samhitas. Although various Acharyas described its various types and applications but most of the Ayuvedic Samhitas mention ed Basti especially for pacification of Vata Dosha.
Introduction to fiber optics (1998)

Recent advances in the development of low-loss optical fibers have revolutionized the field of telecommunications, and fiber-based networks form a key part of international communications systems. This book introduces the physical principles of optical fibers, and details their use in sensor technology and modern optical communication systems. The authors begin by setting out the basic propagation characteristics of single mode and multimode optical fibers. In later chapters they cover optical sources, optical detectors, and fiber-optic communication system design. They also treat a wide variety of related topics such as doped fiber amplifiers, dispersion compensation, fiber sensors, and measurement techniques for the characterization of optical fibers. Throughout the book, physical and engineering aspects of the subject are interwoven, and many worked examples and exercises are included. It will be an ideal textbook for undergraduate or graduate students taking courses in optical fiber communications, photonics, or optoelectronics
The macro model for data compression (Extended Abstract) (1978)

A general model for data compression is presented which includes most data compression systems in the literature as special cases. All macro schemes are based on the principle of finding redundant strings or patterns and replacing them by pointers to a common copy. Different varieties of macro schemes may be defined by varying the interpretation of pointers, for instance, a pointer may indicate a substring of the compressed string, a substring of the original string, or a substring of some other string such as an external dictionary. Other varieties of macros schemes may be defined by restricting the type of overlapping or recursion that may be used. Trade-offs between different varieties of macro schemes, exact lower bounds on the amount of compression obtainable, and the complexity of encoding and decoding are discussed as well as how the work of other authors (such as Lempel-Ziv) relates to this model.
Efficacy of Intradermally Administered A2 Hong Kong Vaccine (1970)

To the Editor:— During the 1968-1969 A2/Hong Kong influenza epidemic, several studies testified to moderate efficacy of subcutaneously administered inactivated vaccine. 1 Tauruso et al compared antibody response after intradermal and subcutaneous inoculation and induced better antibody response by intradermal (ID) route. 2 The efficacy under field conditions was not tested. Since this route might not induce local antibody response in the respiratory tract, doubt was raised about the protective effect of intradermal vaccine. 3 The following experiment tested intradermally administered vaccine under natural challenge. In September 1968 employees of all offices of a local Seattle bank were offered the old formulation of polyvalent influenza vaccine (without the Hong Kong strain) by intradermal route. On Dec 23, 1968, at the peak of the influenza epidemic, employees in the downtown office of this bank only, were offered monovalent A2/ Hong Kong vaccine (Eli Lilly and Co.: 80 CCA units). Vaccine was
Effects of alcohol intoxication on metamemory and on retrieval from long-term memory. (1986)

In a balanced-placebo design, people expected either an alcohol drink or placebo drink and consumed either alcohol (1 ml/kg) or placebo. Shortly thereafter, each person attempted to recall the answers to general-information questions (e.g., "What is the capital of Chile?"), made confidence judgments about the accuracy of recall, made feeling-of-knowing judgments on all nonrecalled items, and received a recognition test. Unanticipated outcomes included: Alcohol intoxication significantly hindered recall from long-term memory, contrary to previous conclusions that alcohol does not affect retrieval; people's expectancy of alcohol had no significant effect on memory or metamemory performance, contrary to its established effects on other kinds of performance; and alcohol intoxication produced no significant overconfidence in judgments about recall or in feeling-of-knowing judgments, contrary to the overconfidence produced in other kinds of judgments such as an intoxicated person's assessment of his driving ability. This last outcome implies that alcohol intoxication does not produce a general lowering of the threshold for confidence but rather has effects that are situation specific.
Salivary Testosterone Measurements among Women: Relative Magnitude of Circadian and Menstrual Cycles (1991)

Measures of testosterone among women are potentially useful in behavioral research, but information is needed on how much error is introduced by variability across the menstrual cycle. Morning and evening salivary testosterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals across one menstrual cycle in each of 22 women, using the luteinizing hormone surge to mark midcycle. Menstrual cycles were statistically significant but smaller than daily cycles or individual differences. Menstrual cycle effects can be ignored in most research relating psychological and behavioral variables to individual differences in testosterone.
Structure Determination of Trialanine in Water Using Polarization Sensitive Two-Dimensional Vibrational Spectroscopy (2000)

Using polarization sensitive two-dimensional (2D) vibrational spectroscopy on the amide I mode, the central backbone structure of trialanine in aqueous solution is investigated. We exploit the polarization sensitivity of the 2D pump−probe signal to reveal the cross-peak structure hidden under the strong diagonal peaks. The dihedral angles φ and ψ characterizing the peptide backbone structure are derived directly from the cross-peak intensity and anisotropy, demonstrating the potential of 2D spectroscopy as a tool for peptide structure elucidation.
Integrin αvβ3 Requirement for Sustained Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activity during Angiogenesis (1998)

Angiogenesis depends on growth factors and vascular cell adhesion events. Integrins and growth factors are capable of activating the ras/MAP kinase pathway in vitro, yet how these signals influence endothelial cells during angiogenesis is unknown. Upon initiation of angiogenesis with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), endothelial cell mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (ERK) activity was detected as early as 5 min yet was sustained for at least 20 h. The initial wave of ERK activity (5-120 min) was refractory to integrin antagonists, whereas the sustained activity (4-20 h) depended on integrin alphavbeta3, but not beta1 integrins. Inhibition of MAP kinase kinase (MEK) during this sustained alphavbeta3-dependent ERK signal blocked the formation of new blood vessels while not influencing preexisting blood vessels on the CAM. Inhibition of MEK also blocked growth factor induced migration but not adhesion of endothelial cells in vitro. Therefore, angiogenesis depends on sustained ERK activity regulated by the ligation state of both a growth factor receptor and integrin alphavbeta3.
Flexible 3D searching: The directed tweak technique (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlexible 3D searching: The directed tweak techniqueTad HurstCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1994, 34, 1, 190–196Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00017a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00017a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
HLA-Associated Clinical Progression Correlates with Epitope Reversion Rates in Early Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (2008)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can evade immunity shortly after transmission to a new host but the clinical significance of this early viral adaptation in HIV infection is not clear. We present an analysis of sequence variation from a longitudinal cohort study of HIV adaptation in 189 acute seroconverters followed for up to 3 years. We measured the rates of variation within well-defined epitopes to determine associations with the HLA-linked hazard of disease progression. We found early reversion across both the gag and pol genes, with a 10-fold faster rate of escape in gag (2.2 versus 0.27 forward mutations/1,000 amino acid sites). For most epitopes (23/34), variation in the HLA-matched and HLA-unmatched controls was similar. For a minority of epitopes (8/34, and generally associated with HLA class I alleles that confer clinical benefit), new variants appeared early and consistently over the first 3 years of infection. Reversion occurred early at a rate which was HLA-dependent and correlated with the HLA class 1-associated relative hazard of disease progression and death (P = 0.0008), reinforcing the association between strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses, viral fitness, and disease status. These data provide a comprehensive overview of viral adaptation in the first 3 years of infection. Our findings of HLA-dependent reversion suggest that costs are borne by some escape variants which may benefit the host, a finding contrary to a simple immune evasion paradigm. These epitopes, which are both strongly and frequently recognized, and for which escape involves a high cost to the virus, have the potential to optimize vaccine design.
Aqueous Humor Dynamics: A Review (2010)

Glaucoma is a family of optic neuropathies which cause irreversible but potentially preventable vision loss. Vision loss in most forms of glaucoma is related to elevated IOP with subsequent injury to the optic nerve. Secretion of aqueous humor and regulation of its outflow are physiologically important processes for maintaining IOP in the normal range. Thus, understanding the complex mechanisms that regulate aqueous humor circulation is essential for management of glaucoma. The two main structures related to aqueous humor dynamics are the ciliary body and the trabecular meshwork (TM). Three mechanisms are involved in aqueous humor formation: diffusion, ultrafiltration and active secretion. Active secretion is the major contributor to aqueous humor formation. The aqueous humor flow in humans follows a circadian rhythm, being higher in the morning than at night. The aqueous humor leaves the eye by passive flow via two pathways - the trabecular meshwork and the uveoscleral pathway. In humans, 75% of the resistance to aqueous humor outflow is localized within the TM with the juxtacanalicular portion of the TM being the main site of outflow resistance. Glycosaminoglycan deposition in the TM extracellular matrix (ECM) has been suggested to be responsible for increased outflow resistance at this specific site whereas others have suggested deposition of proteins, such as cochlin, obstruct the aqueous humor outflow through the TM. The uveoscleral outflow pathway is relatively independent of the intraocular pressure and the proportion of aqueous humor exiting the eye via the uveoscleral pathway decreases with age.
Diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer (2004)

Abstract Objective: To assess the epidemiological evidence on diet and cancer and make public health recommendations. Design: Review of published studies, concentrating on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large prospective studies. Conclusions and recommendations: Overweight/obesity increases the risk for cancers of the oesophagus (adenocarcinoma), colorectum, breast (postmenopausal), endometrium and kidney; body weight should be maintained in the body mass index range of 18.5–25?kg/m 2 , and weight gain in adulthood avoided. Alcohol causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and liver, and a small increase in the risk for breast cancer; if consumed, alcohol intake should not exceed 2?units/d. Aflatoxin in foods causes liver cancer, although its importance in the absence of hepatitis virus infections is not clear; exposure to aflatoxin in foods should be minimised. Chinese-style salted fish increases the risk for nasopharyngeal cancer, particularly if eaten during childhood, and should be eaten only in moderation. Fruits and vegetables probably reduce the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and colorectum, and diets should include at least 400?g/d of total fruits and vegetables. Preserved meat and red meat probably increase the risk for colorectal cancer; if eaten, consumption of these foods should be moderate. Salt preserved foods and high salt intake probably increase the risk for stomach cancer; overall consumption of salt preserved foods and salt should be moderate. Very hot drinks and foods probably increase the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus; drinks and foods should not be consumed when they are scalding hot. Physical activity, the main determinant of energy expenditure, reduces the risk for colorectal cancer and probably reduces the risk for breast cancer; regular physical activity should be taken.
Latest Medicaid waivers break new ground for family planning. (1997)

The US Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) recently approved waivers in Arkansas and South Carolina that extend Medicaid-covered family planning services to all women in the state in financial need, regardless of whether they have been past Medicaid recipients. The Arkansas and South Carolina rulings will provide family planning services to women with incomes up to 133% and 185%, respectively, of the poverty level. Michigan and New Mexico have submitted applications to enact similar programs. Four other states (Illinois, Maryland, Rhode Island, and South Carolina) stipulate waivers for family planning services beyond the standard 60-day postpartum termination date to as long as 5 years. Another state, Delaware, provides family planning services for 2 years to women whose Medicaid eligibility is ending for any reason, not just after childbirth. Arkansas estimates that the new Medicaid waiver will enable the state to provide family planning coverage to more than 20,000 women who would not otherwise be eligible. The waivers allow states to claim federal reimbursement for 90% of the costs of providing family planning services to eligible enrollers; however, such waiver programs must demonstrate to HCFA that they are saving at least as much money as they cost to operate, generally through the prevention of unintended pregnancies. Key to the success of the Arkansas and South Carolina programs, scheduled to begin implementation this summer, will be aggressive outreach efforts to eligible women.
Lentivirus-mediated antagomir expression for specific inhibition of miRNA function (2007)

Micro RNAs (miRNA) regulate gene expression by hybridization and recruitment of multi-protein complexes to complementary mRNA target sequences. miRNA function can transiently be antagonized by antagomirs-chemically modified oligonucleotides complementary to individual miRNAs. Here, we describe the induction of stable loss-of-function phenotypes for specific miRNAs by lentivirus-mediated antagomir expression. Lentivirally expressed antagomirs are transcribed from a H1-promoter located within the lentiviral 3'LTR and were directed against miRNAs encoded on the polycistronic miR17-92 transcript. Functional silencing of miR-18a, miR-19b and miR-20a by the corresponding antagomirs specifically relieves miRNA-mediated reporter gene repression. Inhibition of miRNA function correlates to reduction of 'miRNA' amplification by miRNA-specific quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, protein expression of E2F-1, a known miR-20 target, is enhanced by lentivirally expressed anti-miR-20 antagomirs in a dose-dependent manner, whereas over-expression of miR-20a reduces E2F-1 levels. Finally, combined over-expression of specific miRNAs and antagomirs reveals individual and complementary functions of miR-18a and miR-20a and demonstrates specific miRNA impact on cell proliferation in a cell culture model.
Some Effects of Relatively Low Levels of Eight Tablet Disintegrants on a Direct Compression System (1981)

Eight common tablet disintegrants (Amberlite IRP-88, Corn Starch U.S.P. CLD, Explotab, Ac-Di-Sol, Sta-RX 1500 Starch, Polyplasdone XL, and Guar Gum) were used in concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2% (w/w) in a direct compression system of 75:25 Unmilled Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate/Anhydrous Lactose. Using a Recording Powder Flowmeter (RPF) it was noticed that linearity of flow was relatively unaffected while g/sec. flow rate decreased with increasing concentrations. Each system was then lubricated and tableted keeping the applied pressure relatively constant. Evaluation of the resulting tablets showed that even at very low disintegrant concentrations, significant reduction in disintegration time took place. At the same time, very few detrimental effects often seen with tablet disintegrants, were noticed.
Highly Reproducible Method of Planar Lipid Bilayer Reconstitution in Polymethyl Methacrylate Microfluidic Chip (2006)

We developed a highly reproducible method for planar lipid bilayer reconstitution using a microfluidic system made of a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plastic substrate. Planar lipid bilayers are formed at apertures, 100 microm in diameter, by flowing lipid solution and buffer alternately into an integrated microfluidic channel. Since the amount and distribution of the lipid solution at the aperture determines the state of the lipid bilayer, controlling them precisely is crucial. We designed the geometry of the fluidic system so that a constant amount of lipid solution is distributed at the aperture. Then, the layer of lipid solution was thinned by applying an external pressure and finally became a bilayer when a pressure of 200-400 Pa was applied. The formation process can be simultaneously monitored with optical and electrical recordings. The maximum yield for bilayer formation was 90%. Using this technique, four lipid bilayers are formed simultaneously in a single chip. Finally, a channel current through gramicidin peptide ion channels was recorded to prove the compatibility of the chip with single molecule electrophysiology.
In Situ, Real-Time Identification of Biological Tissues by Ultraviolet and Infrared Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometric (LDI-MS) analysis of vital biological tissues and native, ex vivo tissue specimens is described. It was found that LDI-MS analysis yields tissue specific data using lasers both in the ultraviolet and far-infrared wavelength regimes, while visible and near IR lasers did not produce informative MS data. LDI mass spectra feature predominantly phospholipid-type molecular ions both in positive and negative ion modes, similar to other desorption ionization methods. Spectra were practically identical to rapid evaporative ionization MS (REIMS) spectra of corresponding tissues, indicating a similar ion formation mechanism. LDI-MS analysis of intact tissues was characterized in detail. The effect of laser fluence on the spectral characteristics (intensity and pattern) was investigated in the case of both continuous wave and pulsed lasers at various wavelengths. Since lasers are utilized in various fields of surgery, a surgical laser system was combined with a mass spectrometer in order to develop an intraoperative tissue identification device. A surgical CO(2) laser was found to yield sufficiently high ion current during normal use. The principal component analysis-based real-time data analysis method was developed for the quasi real-time identification of mass spectra. Performance of the system was demonstrated in the case of various malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
On tiling space-time mapped loop nests (2001)

Automatic parallelization of loop programs based on space-time mapping typically aims at maximal parallelism. In order to obtain reasonable performance, the granularity of the parallelism must be coarsened, e.g., by applying tiling techniques.
The ice/water interface: A molecular dynamics simulation study (1988)

The structure and dynamics of the ice/water interface have been investigated using molecular dynamics and the TIP4P model of water. In the bulk liquid phase, the pair correlation functions for this model compare well with recent neutron scattering results, and unlike most water models, the density at room temperature and pressure is close to the experimental value. For the basal plane of ice 1h exposed to liquid water, we have simulated an interface which is stable on the time scale of at least 100 ps. The density profile, molecular orientation, and diffusion constants have been calculated as a function of the distance normal to the interface. The interface is found to be broad, approximately 10 Å in extent, with the precise width determined by the particular property under investigation. Finite size effects have been studied. Dynamical molecular trajectories have been used to explore the loss of translational order from the solid through the interface to the liquid.
Is pulmonary vein isolation still the cornerstone in atrial fibrillation ablation? (2015)

Radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has become a frequently used therapy after failure of at least one antiarrhythmic drug. The cornerstone of AF ablation has been durable pulmonary vein isolation. However, understanding the positive and negative outcomes of catheter ablation of AF is severely limited by diverse ablation methodologies that do not seem to result in durable pulmonary vein isolation. Without durable pulmonary isolation ablation, it is unclear if ablation strategies need to be modified to include extrapulmonary vein ablation targets in combination with pulmonary vein isolation or alone to improve long-term procedural success rates. The marked discrepancy between AF ablation procedure success rates and actual long-term pulmonary vein isolation rates does suggest that targeting other mechanisms can be considered to achieve similar or better results when compared to pulmonary vein isolation alone.