gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UMA AVALIAÇÃO DA LEI MUNICIPAL N° 1.098/2004 SOBRE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS DOMÉSTICOS EM NOVO HAMBURGO (2008)

O estudo analisa a implantacao da Lei Municipal N˚ 1.098/2004, que determina que os condominios residencias de Novo Hamburgo e outros, a realizar uma serie de adequacoes fisicas em seus coletores de residuos, assim como aderir ao programa municipal de coleta seletiva de residuos. O levantamento realizado se refere exclusivamente aos condominios verticais (apartamentos) e tem como foco a concentracao em um ambiente domestico, excluindo-se estabelecimentos comerciais e condominios domiciliares formados por casas. Buscando-se a realidade sobre a questao, foi efetuado um levantamento de dados atraves de registro fotografico dos condominios no centro da cidade e em seis bairros nas proximidades do centro, onde e a regiao onde se concentra a maior parte dos condominios verticais domiciliares instalados em Novo Hamburgo. Alem disso, foi usado um questionario investigativo para fins de comparacao com o registro fotografico. Os resultados do estudo demonstram uma situacao de desconformidade entre a legislacao e os condominios, onde a maioria do conjuntos habitacionais nao se encontra adaptada as exigencias da lei e onde o nivel de segregacao dos residuos nas unidades domiciliares ainda e baixo. Neste cenario, surgem desafios e oportunidades.
An Efficient Automated Computer Vision Based Technique for Detection of Three Dimensional Structural Motifs in Proteins (1992)

As the number of available three dimensional coordinates of proteins increases, it is now recognized that proteins from different families and topologies are constructed from independent motifs. Detection of specific structural motifs within proteins aids in understanding their role and the mechanism of their operation. To aid in identification and use of these motifs it has become necessary to develop efficient methods for systematic scanning of structural databases. To date, methods of structural protein comparison suffer from at least one of the following limitations: (1) are not fully automated (require human intervention), (2) are limited to relatively similar structures, (3) are constrained to linear alignments of the structures, (4) are sensitive to insertions, deletions or gaps in the sequences or (5) are very time consuming. We present a method to overcome the above limitations. The method discovers and ranks every piece of structural similarity between the structures compared, thus allowing the simultaneous detection of real 3-D motifs in different domains, between domains, in active sites, surfaces etc. The method uses the Geometric Hashing Paradigm which is an efficient technique originally developed for Computer Vision. The algorithm exploits the geometrical constraints of rigid objects, it is especially geared towards recognition of partial structures in rigid objects belonging to large data bases and is straightforwardly parallelizable. Computer Vision techniques are for the first time applied to molecular structure comparison, resulting in an efficient, fully automated tool. The method has been tested in a number of cases, including comparisons of the haemoglobins, immunoglobulins, serine proteinases, calcium binding proteins, DNA binding proteins and others. In all examples our results were equivalent to the published results from previous methods and in some cases additional structural information was obtained by our method.
Carbodiimides. I. Conversion of Isocyanates to Carbodiimides with Phospholine Oxide Catalyst (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbodiimides. I. Conversion of Isocyanates to Carbodiimides with Phospholine Oxide CatalystTod W. Campbell, John J. Monagle, and Veronika S. FoldiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 19, 3673–3677Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00878a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00878a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1116Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hemoglobin oxygen fractional saturation regulates nitrite-dependent vasodilation of aortic ring bioassays (2007)

Nitrite reacts with deoxyhemoglobin to generate nitric oxide (NO). This reaction has been proposed to contribute to nitrite-dependent vasodilation in vivo and potentially regulate physiological hypoxic vasodilation. Paradoxically, while deoxyhemoglobin can generate NO via nitrite reduction, both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin potently scavenge NO. Furthermore, at the very low O(2) tensions required to deoxygenate cell-free hemoglobin solutions in aortic ring bioassays, surprisingly low doses of nitrite can be reduced to NO directly by the blood vessel, independent of the presence of hemoglobin; this makes assessments of the role of hemoglobin in the bioactivation of nitrite difficult to characterize in these systems. Therefore, to study the O(2) dependence and ability of deoxhemoglobin to generate vasodilatory NO from nitrite, we performed full factorial experiments of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and nitrite and found a highly significant interaction between hemoglobin deoxygenation and nitrite-dependent vasodilation (P < or = 0.0002). Furthermore, we compared the effect of hemoglobin oxygenation on authentic NO-dependent vasodilation using a NONOate NO donor and found that there was no such interaction, i.e., both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin inhibited NO-mediated vasodilation. Finally, we showed that another NO scavenger, 2-carboxyphenyl-4,4-5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, inhibits nitrite-dependent vasodilation under normoxia and hypoxia, illustrating the uniqueness of the interaction of nitrite with deoxyhemoglobin. While both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin potently inhibit NO, deoxyhemoglobin exhibits unique functional duality as an NO scavenger and nitrite-dependent NO generator, suggesting a model in which intravascular NO homeostasis is regulated by a balance between NO scavenging and NO generation that is dynamically regulated by hemoglobin's O(2) fractional saturation and allosteric nitrite reductase activity.
Overexpression of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A in Ovarian Cancer Cells Promotes Tumor Growth in Vivo (2011)

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is an important regulatory component of the IGF system. Through proteolysis of inhibitory IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), PAPP-A acts as a positive modulator of local IGF signaling in a variety of biological systems. A role of IGF in the progression of several common forms of human cancer is now emerging, and therapeutic intervention of IGF receptor signaling is currently being explored. However, little is known about the activities of other components of the IGF system in relation to cancer. We hypothesized that PAPP-A acts to enhance tumor growth in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we overexpressed wild-type PAPP-A or a mutant PAPP-A with markedly reduced IGFBP protease activity in SKOV3 cells, a human ovarian carcinoma cell line with low tumorigenic potential. In vitro, SKOV3 clones with elevated PAPP-A expression (PAPP-A-1, PAPP-A-28) showed accelerated anchorage-independent growth in soft agar assays compared to clones overexpressing mutant PAPP-A (E483Q-1, E483Q-5) and vector controls. PAPP-A-28, with the highest PAPP-A expression and IGFBP proteolytic activity, also had markedly increased cell invasion through Matrigel. In vivo, we found significantly accelerated tumor growth rates of PAPP-A-overexpressing SKOV3 clones compared with mutant PAPP-A and controls. Investigation of angiogenesis indicated that overexpression of PAPP-A favored development of mature tumor vasculature and that tumor precursors of PAPP-A-28 in particular had a significantly higher degree of vascularization months before obvious tumor development. In conclusion, our data show that PAPP-A proteolytic activity enhances the tumorigenic potential of ovarian cancer cells and establish a novel tumor growth-promoting role of PAPP-A.
Interacting with steerable projected displays (2003)

When computer vision is combined with a steerable projector, any surface in an environment can be turned into an interactive interface, without having to modify or wire the surface. Steerable projected displays offer rich opportunities and pose new challenges for interaction based on gesture recognition. In this paper, we present real-time techniques for recognizing "touch" and "point" gestures on steerable projected displays produced by a new device called the Everywhere Displays projector (ED-projector). We demonstrate the viability of our approach through an experiment involving hundreds of users interacting with projected interfaces.
Extracellular and Intracellular Volume Variations During Postural Change Measured by Segmental and Wrist-Ankle Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (2004)

Extracellular (ECW) and intracellular (ICW) volumes were measured using both segmental and wrist-ankle (W-A) bioimpedance spectroscopy (5-1000 kHz) in 15 healthy subjects (7 men, 8 women). In the 1st protocol, the subject, after sitting for 30 min, laid supine for at least 30 min. In the second protocol, the subject, who had been supine for 1 hr, sat up in bed for 10 min and returned to supine position for another hour. Segmental ECW and ICW resistances of legs, arms and trunk were measured by placing four voltage electrodes on wrist, shoulder, top of thigh and ankle and using Hanai's conductivity theory. W-A resistances were found to be very close to the sum of segmental resistances. When switching from sitting to supine (protocol 1), the mean ECW leg resistance increased by 18.2%, that of arm and W-A by 12.4%. Trunk resistance also increased but not significantly by 4.8%. Corresponding increases in ICW resistance were smaller for legs (3.7%) and arm (-0.7%) but larger for the trunk (21.4%). Total body ECW volumes from segmental measurements were in good agreement with W-A and Watson anthropomorphic correlation. The decrease in total ECW volume (when supine) calculated from segmental resistances was at 0.79 l less than the W-A one (1.12 l). Total ICW volume reductions were 3.4% (segmental) and 3.8% (W-A). Tests of protocol 2 confirmed that resistance and fluid volume values were not affected by a temporary position change.
Tunable planar concave grating demultiplexer (1996)

A concave grating design is presented that is suitable for a tunable WDM demultiplexer. Tuning is achieved by displacing the input fiber along the edge of the device. The tuning feature can be used to compensate for inevitable variations in wafer fabrication or to shift the set of channel wavelengths to match a particular WDM transmitter. An effective index error of about one percent can easily be accommodated.
Biochemical Studies on the Herpes Simplex Virus-specified Deoxypyrimidine Kinase Activity (1974)

SUMMARY The response to various stimuli of herpes simplex virus-specified deoxypyrimidine kinase activity differs significantly from that of the thymidine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase of mammalian cells. However, the two phosphorylating activities of the HSV deoxypyrimidine kinase are themselves quite distinct in their biochemical behaviour. It has been impossible to separate the HSV-coded thymidine and deoxycytidine phosphorylating activities by their sedimentation, electrophoretic or size characteristics. The evidence suggests that both deoxypyrimidine nucleosides are phosphorylated at the same active site.
A weighting scheme for content-based image retrieval (2007)

In a query-by-example(QBE) image retrieval, the user is required to provide a single query image that most represents the features of the target images. On the other hand, 'query by multiple images' paradigm assumes that the user is able to describe the target images more accurately by using multiple query images rather than one. Low level features, such as color, texture or edge information, are used to represent the images. These features are combined and expected to match the human perception properly. A set of psychological experiments are designed and conducted in this thesis with the aim of gaining insight into how a user perceives similar images. The retrieval results obtained by human subjects are compared with those obtained by using MPEG-7 visual descriptors. It is found that proper weight assignment in combining different features for retrieval can improve the retrieval performance. A novel weighting scheme for Query-by-Multiple-Images (QBMI) retrieval systems which aims to match human perception is proposed. The weights are derived by a new method of ascribing relative importance to feature descriptors for given a query set. Experimental results have shown that our weighing method is more effective than both equal weights and heuristic weighting method.
β-Adrenoreceptor-Blocking Agents and the Blood-Brain Barrier (1980)

1. Sixteen neurosurgical patients received (oral) beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking agents (beta-receptor blockers) for 3-22 days. 2. Lipophilic beta-receptor blockers (propranolol) and metoprolol appeared in cerebrospinal fluid at concentrations similar to the free drug plasma concentration. 3. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of beta-receptor blockers were poor predictors of brain concentrations. 4. Both lipophilic beta-receptor blockers appeared in high concentrations in the brain: the brain/plasma ratio was approximately 15:1. 5. Hydrophilic atenolol appeared at low concentrations in brain tissue (about 20 times lower than the lipophilic beta-receptor blockers): the brain/plasma ratio was approximately 0.1:1. 6. Central nervous system-related side effects associated mainly with lipophilic beta-receptor blockers possibly result from high brain tissue concentrations.
Tolerance to Self and the Processing and Presentation of Self Antigens (1993)

Antigen processing and presentation is critical to the generation and maintenance of self tolerance. The hemoglobin system has provided important data on self antigen processing and presentation in vivo. Hemoglobin/Ia complexes were detectable in the thymus before the time of positive and negative selection. In addition, thymic epithelial cells were shown to lack the costimulatory factors necessary to trigger T cell clone proliferation. We have extended these findings to the renal proximal tubule. This class II MHC-expressing epithelial cell was demonstrated to process and present foreign as well as self antigens to T cell hybridomas. Current studies are examining whether this epithelial cell possesses the costimulatory factors required to fully stimulate T cell clones, or whether the proximal tubule may play an important role in the maintenance of self tolerance. In addition we describe the exciting model of murine autoimmune myocarditis. We have demonstrated that this is a T cell mediated disease and believe that cardiac antigen presenting cells constitutively process and present the inciting self antigen, myosin. These studies may provide important insights into autoimmunity and self tolerance.
Interactions Between Chloride and Sulfate or Silica Removals Using an Advanced Lime‐Aluminum Softening Process (2006)

An advanced softening process called the ultra-high lime with aluminum process (UHLA) was initiated in this research. The UHLA process has the ability to remove sulfate, silica, and chloride from waters such as recycled cooling water and desalination brines. Furthermore, it can remove other scale-forming materials, such as calcium, magnesium, carbonate, and phosphate. The purpose of this paper is to study the interactions among chloride, sulfate, and silica in the UHLA process. Results of equilibrium experiments indicated that sulfate is preferentially removed over chloride. Final chloride concentration increased with increasing initial sulfate concentration. However, initial chloride concentration was found to have negligible effect on final sulfate concentration. Silica was found to have only a small effect on chloride removal.
Anaritide in Acute Tubular Necrosis (1997)

The administration of anaritide did not improve the overall rate of dialysis-free survival in critically ill patients with acute tubular necrosis. However, anaritide may improve dialysis-free survival in patients with oliguria and may worsen it in patients without oliguria who have acute tubular necrosis.
The histological and immunohistochemical evidence of squamous metaplasia from the myoepithelial cells in the breast (1990)

Squamous metaplasia in the breast is well documented. However, the putative cell of origin for the squamous epithelium is not clear. This paper describes a case of fibroadenoma of the breast with myoepithelial hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia. The histological finding of transition between myoepithelial cells and squamous cells and the immunohistochemical expressions of actin and S-100 in the metaplastic squamous cells support the myoepithelial origin of squamous epithelium in the breast.
Expression of thrombospondin in non-small cell lung cancer. (2002)

TSP appeared to be decreased in NSCLC in comparison with normal matched tissue. The TSP expression was not correlated with the other studied variables and was not associated with a significant difference in survival.
Biosensors (1994)

The following topics are dealt with: historic overview; user needs and markets; molecular recognition; signal transduction; potentiometric measurement; amperometric measurements; conductance-capacitance measurements; calorimetric measurements; optical measurements; mass sensitive measurements; and biosensor applications including clinical diagnostics, industrial process control, environmental applications and food industry. Future trends are also indicated.
Germline transmission of donor haplotype following spermatogonial transplantation. (1994)

Spermatogenesis is a complex, highly organized, very efficient process that is based upon the capacity of stem cell spermatogonia simultaneously to undergo self-renewal and to provide progeny that differentiate into mature spermatozoa. We report here that testis-derived cells transplanted into the testis of an infertile mouse will colonize seminiferous tubules and initiate spermatogenesis in > 70% of recipients. Testis-derived cells from newborn mice were less effective in colonizing recipient testes than cells from 5- to 15- or 21- to 28-day-old mice. Increasing the number of Sertoli cells in the donor cell population did not increase the efficiency of colonization. Unmodified embryonic stem cells were not able to substitute for testis-derived cells in colonizing testes but instead formed tumors in syngeneic as well as nonsyngeneic hosts. Finally, with recipients that maintained endogenous spermatogenesis, testis cell transplantation yielded mice in which up to 80% of progeny were sired by donor-derived spermatozoa. The technique of spermatogonial cell transplantation should provide a means to generate germline modifications in a variety of species following development of spermatogonial culture techniques and should have additional applications in biology, medicine, and agriculture.
Imaging single-stranded DNA, antigen-antibody reaction and polymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films with an atomic force microscope. (1990)

The combination of an (AFM) atomic force microscope together with microfabricated cantilevers that have integrated tips opens many possibilities for imaging systems of great importance in biology. We have imaged single-stranded 25mer DNA that was adsorbed on treated mica or that was covalently bound with a crosslinker to a polymerized Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film, the top monolayer of a bilayer system. At low magnification the AFM shows cracks between solid domains, like in an image taken with a fluorescence microscope. At higher magnification, however, the AFM reveals much finer cracks and at still higher magnification it reveals rows of individual molecules in the polymerized LB film with a spacing of 0.45 nm. We have also imaged a LB film consisting of lipids in which 4% of the lipids had hapten molecules chemically bound to the lipid headgroups. Specific antibodies can then bind to these hapten molecules and be imaged with the AFM. This points to the possibility of using the AFM to monitor selective antibody binding.
A wideband vibration-based energy harvester (2008)

We present a new architecture for wideband vibration-based micro-power generators (MPGs). It replaces a linear oscillator with a piecewise-linear oscillator as the energy harvesting element of the MPG. A prototype of an electromagnetic MPG designed accordingly is analyzed analytically, numerically and experimentally. We find that the new architecture increases the bandwidth of the MPG during a frequency up-sweep, while maintaining the same bandwidth in a down-sweep. Closed-form expressions for the response of the new MPG as well as the up-sweep bandwidth are presented and validated experimentally. Simulations show that under random-frequency excitations, the new MPG collects more energy than the traditional MPG.
Epitope Mapping Using the X-Ray Crystallographic Structure of Complement Receptor Type 2 (CR2)/CD21: Identification of a Highly Inhibitory Monoclonal Antibody That Directly Recognizes the CR2-C3d Interface (2001)

Complement receptor type 2 (CR2)/CD21 is a B lymphocyte cell membrane C3d/iC3b receptor that plays a central role in the immune response. Human CR2 is also the receptor for the EBV viral membrane glycoprotein gp350/220. Both C3d and gp350/220 bind CR2 within the first two of 15-16 repetitive domains that have been designated short consensus/complement repeats. Many mAbs react with human CR2; however, only one currently available mAb is known to block both C3d/iC3b and gp350/220 binding. We have used a recombinant form of human CR2 containing the short consensus/complement repeat 1-2 ligand-binding fragment to immunize Cr2(-/-) mice. Following fusion, we identified and further characterized four new anti-CR2 mAbs that recognize this fragment. Three of these inhibited binding of CR2 to C3d and gp350/220 in different forms. We have determined the relative inhibitory ability of the four mAbs to block ligand binding, and we have used overlapping peptide-based approaches to identify linear epitopes recognized by the inhibitory mAbs. Placement of these epitopes on the recently solved crystal structure of the CR2-C3d complex reveals that each inhibitory mAb recognizes a site either within or adjacent to the CR2-C3d contact site. One new mAb, designated 171, blocks CR2 receptor-ligand interactions with the greatest efficiency and recognizes a portion of the C3d contact site on CR2. Thus, we have created an anti-human CR2 mAb that blocks the C3d ligand by direct contact with its interaction site, and we have provided confirmatory evidence that the C3d binding site seen in its crystal structure exists in solution.