gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orientation of DNA Double Strands in a Langmuir−Blodgett Film (1996)

A cationic amphiphile monolayer was spread on a subphase containing DNA double strands and intercalating dyes, and the polyion complex DNA/dye/cationic monolayer was transferred to a substrate by the vertical dipping method. It was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns and polarized absorption spectra that the dye−intercalated DNA strands were aligned along the dipping direction in the LB film. DNA strands are not aligned in the LB film without intercalating dye molecules. When the DNA−lipid monolayers were deposited by a horizontal lifting method instead of a vertical dipping method, DNA strands were randomly oriented in the film. The orientation of DNAs was decreased when the monolayer packing was decreased by using a low surface pressure or an expanded monolayer. Thus, the rigid, dye−intercalated DNA strands could be oriented during the vertical dipping process.
Tunable Block Copolymer/Homopolymer Photonic Crystals (2000)

Photonic crystals fabricated from a diblock copolymer/homopolymer blend are reported. It is shown that large-area, highly reflective, flexible films can be obtained in which the peak reflective wavelength can be tuned simply by altering the percentage of homopolymer in the blend. A fracture surface of a 40 % homopolymer blend is shown in the Figure.
Anti‐Interleukin‐1 Strategies in the Treatment of the Septic Shock Syndrome (1994)

The septic shock syndrome has recently been termed the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). It is an acute illness characterized by generalized activation of the endothelium. The most severe and most common form of the syndrome is found in patients wilh shock due to Gram‐negative sepsis. In this overview. both animal and limited human data are considered for the contribution of the cytokine interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) to this syndrome. Cytokines are small molecular weight, endogenously produced proteins with multiple biological effects. Laboratory investigations suggest that IL‐1 plays a critical role in SIRS by promoting the biochemical and clinical characteristics of SIRS. The biochemical changes induced by IL‐1 are similar to those of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and include increased synthesis of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, platelet activating factor and endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Togelher, IL‐1 and TNF appear to act in a synergistic fashion in a variety of disease models. particularly SRIS. Specific blockade of IL‐1 using soluble IL‐1 receptors or IL‐1 receptor antagonist suggests that blocking this cytokine may be useful in treating human SIRS.
Fluorescence Detection of Free Radicals by Nitroxide Scavenging (1990)

The fluorescence quantum yield of 4-(1-napthoyloxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (I) in acetonitrile and hexane is 55 and 30-fold lower, respectively, than those of diamagnetic analogs. Experiments described herein demonstrate that this property makes possible the fluorescence detection of radical scavenging reactions in which the paramagnetic nitroxide-substituted naphthalene is converted to a diamagnetic N-alkoxy derivative. 2-Cyanopropyl free radicals were generated by the thermal decomposition of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in cyclohexane or in acetonitrile containing I. The fluorescence intensity of the sample increased proportionally to the decrease in its ESR signal intensity, indicating the conversion of the paramagnetic nitroxide to the diamagnetic product. The linear relationship between the increase in fluorescence intensity and decrease in ESR signal intensity shows that the changes in the fluorescence intensity can serve as a sensitive means for optically detecting radicals.
Effect of induction agent on vasopressor and steroid use, and outcome in patients with septic shock (2007)

Etomidate use for critically ill patients should consider all of these issues and not simply the possibility of adrenal suppression, which may not be important when steroid supplements are used.
A computer based interactive learning and reference tool for transthoracic echocardiographic images (2002)

Interactive multimedia can be used as a valuable educational tool. Echocardiography being a video image based procedure which requires a great amount of experience and expertise could be ideally taught using such an approach. We thus created an Apple Macintosh based system which allows the rapid retrieval of digitally acquired cineloops from a database of cases through a user friendly interface. Each case includes standard cut planes, M-mode, continuous wave- (CW), pulsed wave- (PW) and color Doppler. For each study a complete documentation including the case history, and the echocardiographic report is provided. Superimposed labels on the video images highlight anatomic and pathologic features. The system can be used as a training device, for the follow-up of patients or for the projection of studies during scientific sessions, lectures and seminars. Future perspectives include the integration of tutorial video- and sound clips and animated graphics. In addition the studies could be made available to a greater audience using internet access or CD ROM mastering.
Enediyne Compounds Equipped with Acid‐, Base‐ and Photo‐Sensitive Triggering Devices. Chemical Simulation of the Dynemicin A Reaction Cascade (1991)

Even under very mild basic conditions, the NH compound 2 is generated from the enediyne 1. Compound 2 proved too labile to be isolated, but could be trapped with nucleophiles such as PhOH and PhSH, resulting in the formation of the dibenzo compounds 4 (via 3), among other products. Compounds 2—like several other newly synthesized compounds—exhibits DNA-cleaving activity.
Immediate loading of dental implants in the edentulous maxilla: case study of a unique protocol. (2003)

Although immediate loading of dental implants is increasingly gaining recognition as an important option for certain categories of implant patients, the maxillary arch has historically posed difficulties that have limited the number of immediate loading applications. To address the needs of patients who cannot tolerate maxillary removable complete dentures, an immediate loading protocol we call "Teeth in a Day" uses a conversion prosthesis that has been expanded to include complete-arch maxillary reconstruction. Use of a large number of implants to prevent micromotion at the bone-to-implant interface is a critical element in this protocol. A patient treatment is reported.
Heterodyned Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy of Solvent-Dependent Conformations of Acetylproline-NH2 (2001)

Heterodyned femtosecond infrared two-pulse and three-pulse photon echoes of the dipeptide acetylproline-NH2 in D2O and CDCl3 have been measured and the results have been compared with force field calculations of the peptide structures. The heterodyned two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra obtained from the measurements exhibit diagonal peaks and cross-peaks that are determined by the structures and vibrational dynamics of the acetylproline-NH2 molecule. The two-pulse measurements are analogous to 2D COSY experiments in NMR spectroscopy. In CDCl3, the 2D IR spectra from the two-pulse experiments resolve two acetyl amide I bands and two amino amide I bands that are not resolved in the linear spectrum. Thus, acetylproline-NH2 must have at least two structures in CDCl3. The angles between the amide I transition dipoles of the structures were determined to be <20° and 35° from polarized 2D IR measurements. A single structure is found in D2O with an angle of <20°. The infrared analogue to 2D NMR NOESY experiments has also been performed utilizing three-pulse photon echoes. In these three-pulse experiments, the cross-peak intensities and polarizations are found to change with the waiting time between the second and third pulses. By comparison to the changes in the diagonal peaks, these effects are attributed to population and coherence transfer processes. The vibrational dynamics and inhomogeneous distributions at the acetyl and amino ends of acetylproline-NH2 are observed to be different.
Synthesis of functional mRNA in mammalian cells by bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase. (1990)

We found that the 5' nontranslated leader sequence from encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) allowed transcripts that were synthesized by the T3 RNA polymerase in mammalian cells to be translated in a cap-independent fashion. Stable mouse cell lines that carry the T3 RNA polymerase gene expressed the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene under the control of a phage promoter when the CAT gene was fused to the EMCV leader and introduced into the cells by transient DNA uptake. The level of gene expression in such cells was similar to or greater than that observed with a conventional transient expression vector that is dependent on transcription by the host RNA polymerase II. Expression of the EMCV-CAT fusion gene was stimulated by cotransfection of the cells with a gene that encodes the poliovirus protease 2A protein (which inhibits cap-dependent translation), demonstrating that the EMCV-CAT fusion gene was expressed in a cap-independent fashion. Introduction of both the T3 RNA polymerase gene and the EMCV-CAT fusion gene into a variety of cultured mammalian cell lines (HeLa, BSC40, Ltk-, NIH 3T3, and C127) demonstrated that the T3-EMCV expression system functions in a broad range of cell types.
Protein expression profiles in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung generated using tissue microarrays (2004)

With the appearance of defect-targeted therapies, the definition of tumour protein expression profiles has gained increasing importance. Two lung carcinoma tissue microarrays, one including 75 primary adenocarcinomas (ACs) and the other comprising 67 primary squamous cell carcinomas (SQCCs), were generated in the present study. On both arrays, each tumour was represented by an average of five cores. In addition, one punch of normal lung parenchyma adjacent to each tumour was included in the array. Immunohistochemical expression of 86 proteins was evaluated and the results were analysed by non-parametric tests, hierarchical clustering, and principal component analysis. In both tumour entities, parenchyma and tumours were clearly separated by hierarchical clustering. By the same statistical approach, it was possible to distinguish ACs from SQCCs with 98% accuracy and to distinguish parenchyma adjacent to ACs from that adjacent to SQCCs with 96% accuracy. It was also possible to separate ACs into three groups that significantly differed in survival. Cathepsin E and hsp105 were identified as previously unknown predictors of survival in lung AC. In summary, this study has shown that protein profiles are feasible tools for anticipating biological behaviour.
Predicting nearly as well as the best pruning of a decision tree (1995)

Article Free Access Share on Predicting nearly as well as the best pruning of a decision tree Authors: David P. Helmbold Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CAView Profile , Robert E. Schapire AT&T Bell Laboratories, 600 Mountain Avenue, Room 2A-424, Murray Hill, NJ AT&T Bell Laboratories, 600 Mountain Avenue, Room 2A-424, Murray Hill, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims COLT '95: Proceedings of the eighth annual conference on Computational learning theoryJuly 1995 Pages 61–68https://doi.org/10.1145/225298.225305Online:05 July 1995Publication History 8citation256DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads256Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A New Approach to Manipulator Control: The Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) (1975)

CM AC is an adaptive system by which control functions for many degrees of freedom operating simultaneously can be computed by referring to a table rather than by mathematical solution of simultaneous equations. CM AC combines input commands and feedback variables into an input vector which is used to address a memory where the appropriate output variables are stored. Each address consists of a set of physical memory locations, the arithmetic sum of whose contents is the value of the stored variable. The CM AC memory addressing algorithm takes advantage of the continuous nature of the control function in a way which promises to make it possible to store the necessary data in a physical memory of practical size.
Marr Revisited: 2D-3D Alignment via Surface Normal Prediction (2016)

We introduce an approach that leverages surface normal predictions, along with appearance cues, to retrieve 3D models for objects depicted in 2D still images from a large CAD object library. Critical to the success of our approach is the ability to recover accurate surface normals for objects in the depicted scene. We introduce a skip-network model built on the pre-trained Oxford VGG convolutional neural network (CNN) for surface normal prediction. Our model achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on the NYUv2 RGB-D dataset for surface normal prediction, and recovers fine object detail compared to previous methods. Furthermore, we develop a two-stream network over the input image and predicted surface normals that jointly learns pose and style for CAD model retrieval. When using the predicted surface normals, our two-stream network matches prior work using surface normals computed from RGB-D images on the task of pose prediction, and achieves state of the art when using RGB-D input. Finally, our two-stream network allows us to retrieve CAD models that better match the style and pose of a depicted object compared with baseline approaches.
Levels of Fetal Hemoglobin Necessary for Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease (1988)

THE advent of pharmacologic strategies for increasing γ-chain synthesis in patients with sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies1 2 3 4 5 6 7 has made it important to ascertain the benefit that may be expected from various increases in fetal hemoglobin (hemoglobin F) levels. Although the increases in hemoglobin F levels resulting from the use of drugs such as azacytidine and hydroxyurea appear to be moderate (≤20 percent hemoglobin F), the potential toxicity of these drugs is relatively high. Fortunately, in the past few years, epidemiologic analyses of the severity of sickle cell disease and studies of the biophysics of intracellular polymerization have led to . . .
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against tobacco necrotic dwarf virus. (1989)

Polyclonal antibody (PoAb) and three monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), 1C2, 1C9 and 1E2, against tobacco necrotic dwarf virus (TNDV), were produced and their serological characteristics were investigated. Results of antigen adsorption indirect ELISA (AAI-ELISA) by PoAb and MoAbs suggested that TNDV was serologically closely related to potato leafroll virus (PLRV), but far related to beet western yellow virus (BWYV). For detection of TNDV in crude saps, the clones, 1C2 and 1C9 were effective in indirect double antibody sandwich ELISA (IDAS-ELISA) and 1E2 was effective in double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA). These three MoAbs could differentiate PLRV from BWYV when anti-PLRV PoAb was used for trapping antibody in IDAS-ELISA and 1E2 also did in DAS-ELISA.
Handling biological cells using a fluid integrated circuit (1990)

Studies are made on the methods of cell handling using dielectrophoretic (DEP) force in a newly developed device called a fluid integrated circuit (FIC), where all cell-handling components are integrated into one substrate with photolithography techniques. Cell passages and driving electrodes can be fabricated in arbitrary two-dimensional shape, allowing great flexibility in design. Through analytical study, it was found that a careful tailoring of field pattern is essential in realizing cell motions. Methods for detailed field analysis were worked out, and based on the analysis, cell handling components were developed. One is an FIC cell shift register, a device in which cells are stored and electrostatically transported one by one, just as bits are shifted in digital-logic shift registers. The other is an FIC cell deflector, where a cell fed from the inlet can be dielectrophoretically deflected to either of the bifurcating branches. The devices have been fabricated and their functions were experimentally confirmed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
In Vitro Production of Equine Embryos1 (1995)

Successful techniques for in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (ITF), and in vitro culture (IVC) of equine embryos may become the ultimate method for producing large numbers of embryos. So far, however, there are no reports of pregnancies established from IVM oocytes. In the present study, our objective was to produce embryos, using strictly in vitro techniques, that have the capacity for successful uterine transfer. Oocytes aspirated from ovaries collected from an abattoir were subjected to IVM, IVF, and IVC, the latter in the form of coculture with oviductal epithelial cells. Sperm capacitation was accomplished through the use of either Ca2+ ionophore or heparin with ejaculated or epididymal semen. Maturation to metaphase II (M-II) was accomplished in 53-79% of the selected oocytes and fertilization or cleavage was observed in 15–26% of the oocytes when Ca2+ ionophore-capacitated ejaculated frozen/thawed semen was used. No fertilization or cleavage was obtained with the use of heparin-treated epididymal sperm. Two 8–16-cell embryos were obtained following IVM, IVF, and 72-h IVC; both of these were surgically transferred to the tip of the uterine horn of an unmated mare on Day 3 postovulation. Early pregnancy diagnosis performed on Days 10–14 revealed no pregnancy. We concluded that the method presented allows production of equine embryos in vitro provided that Ca2+ ionophore is used as capacitating agent.
Fluorene-based fluorescent probes with high two-photon action cross-sections for biological multiphoton imaging applications (2005)

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for the study of dynamic cellular processes and live-cell imaging. Many commercially available fluorescent probes have been used in multiphoton-based imaging studies despite exhibiting relatively low two-photon absorption cross-section values in the tunability range of ultrafast Ti:sapphire lasers commonly used in multiphoton microscopy imaging. Furthermore, available fluorophores may be plagued with low fluorescence quantum yield and/or photoinstability (i.e., photobleaching) on exposure to the high peak power and photon density provided by the ultrafast laser source. To address the demand for better performing dyes, we prepare fluorophores tailored for multiphoton imaging. These fluorophores are based on the fluorene ring system, known to exhibit high fluorescence quantum yield (>0.7) and high photostability. Furthermore, an amine-reactive fluorescent probe for the covalent attachment onto amine-containing biomolecules is also prepared. Epi-fluorescence and two-photon fluorescence microscopy images of H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts stained with an efficient two-photon absorbing fluorene fluorophore is demonstrated. Additionally, single-photon spectral characteristics of the amine-reactive fluorophore, as well as the two-photon absorption cross sections of its model adduct in solution, and spectral characterization of a bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model bioconjugate are presented.
Reducing authentication signaling traffic in third-generation mobile network (2003)

In the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), authentication functions are utilized to identify and authenticate a mobile station (MS) and validate the service request type to ensure that the user is authorized to use the particular network services. The authenticating parties are the authentication center (AuC) in the home network and the MS. In the UMTS, the serving general packet radio service support node (SGSN) accesses the AuC to obtain the authentication data, and delegates the AuC to perform mutual authentication with the MS. Since the cost for accessing AuC is expensive, the SGSN may obtain an array of authentication vectors (AVs) at a time so that the number of accesses can be reduced. On the other hand, if the size K of the AV array is large, the AV array transmission from the AuC to the SGSN may be expensive. Thus, it is desirable to select an appropriate K value to minimize the authentication network signaling cost. We propose an analytic model to investigate the impact of K on the network signaling traffic, which is validated by simulation experiments. Then, we propose an automatic K-selection mechanism that dynamically selects the size of the AV array to reduce the network signaling cost. Our study indicates that the automatic K-selection mechanism effectively identifies appropriate size of the authentication vector array.
Decoherence in Josephson-junction qubits due to critical-current fluctuations (2004)

We compute the decoherence caused by $1∕f$ fluctuations at low frequency $f$ in the critical current ${I}_{0}$ of Josephson junctions incorporated into flux, phase, charge, and hybrid flux-charge superconducting quantum bits (qubits). The dephasing time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}$ scales as ${I}_{0}∕\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\Lambda}{S}_{{I}_{0}}^{1∕2}(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz})$, where $\ensuremath{\Omega}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}$ is the energy-level splitting frequency, ${S}_{{I}_{0}}(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz})$ is the spectral density of the critical-current noise at $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$, and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\equiv}\ensuremath{\mid}{I}_{0}d\ensuremath{\Omega}∕\ensuremath{\Omega}d{I}_{0}\ensuremath{\mid}$ is a parameter computed for given parameters for each type of qubit that specifies the sensitivity of the level splitting to critical-current fluctuations. Computer simulations show that the envelope of the coherent oscillations of any qubit after time $t$ scales as $\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}{t}^{2}∕2{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}^{2})$ when the dephasing due to critical-current noise dominates the dephasing from all sources of dissipation. We compile published results for fluctuations in the critical current of Josephson tunnel junctions fabricated with different technologies and a wide range in ${I}_{0}$ and area $\mathcal{A}$, and show that their values of ${S}_{{I}_{0}}(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz})$ scale to within a factor of 3 of $[144{({I}_{0}∕\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{A})}^{2}∕(\mathcal{A}∕\ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{m}}^{2})]{(\mathrm{pA})}^{2}∕\mathrm{Hz}$ at $4.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. We empirically extrapolate ${S}_{{I}_{0}}^{1∕2}(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz})$ to lower temperatures using a scaling $T(\mathrm{K})∕4.2$. Using this result, we find that the predicted values of ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}$ at $100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mK}$ range from $0.8\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}12\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$, and are usually substantially longer than values measured experimentally at lower temperatures.
A convenient, reliable, and fast acoustic pressure field measurement method for magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound systems with phased array transducers (2018)

In conclusion, our method offers a convenient, reliable, and fast acoustic pressure field characterization tool for MR-HIFU systems with phased array transducers.
Accidental, Intravenous Infusion of a Peanut Oil-Based Medication (1998)

Accidental intravenous infusion of vegetable oil-based products is a potential complication of the increased use of intravenous progesterones.