gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Porcine-Derived Acellular Dermal Scaffold That Supports Soft Tissue Regeneration: Removal of Terminal Galactose-α-(1,3)-Galactose and Retention of Matrix Structure (2009)

Sub-optimal clinical outcomes after implantation of animal-derived tissue matrices may be attributed to the nature of the processing of the material or to an immune response elicited in response to xenogeneic epitopes. The ability to produce a porcine-derived graft that retains the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix and minimizes potential antigenic response to galactose-alpha-(1,3)-galactose terminal disaccharide (alpha-Gal) may allow the scaffold to support regeneration of native tissue. Dermal tissue from wild-type (WT-porcine-derived acellular dermal matrix [PADM]) or Gal-deficient (Gal(-/-) PADM) pigs was processed to remove cells and DNA while preserving the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. In addition, the WT tissue was subjected to an enzymatic treatment to minimize the presence of alpha-Gal (Gal-reduced PADM). Extracellular matrix composition and integrity was assessed by histological, immunohistochemical (IHC), and ultrastructural analysis. In vivo performance was evaluated by implantation into the abdominal wall of Old World primates in an exisional repair model. Anti-alpha-Gal activity in the serum of monkeys implanted subcutaneously was assessed by ELISA. Minimal modification to the extracellular matrix was assessed by evaluation of intact structure as demonstrated by staining patterns for type I and type VII collagens, laminin, and fibronectin similar to native porcine skin tissues. Explants from the abdominal wall showed evidence of remodeling, notably fibroblast cell repopulation and revascularization, as early as 1 month. Serum ELISA revealed an initial anti-alpha-Gal induction that decreased to baseline levels over time in the primates implanted with WT-PADM, whereas no or minimal anti-Gal activity was detected in the primates implanted with Gal(-/-) PADM or Gal-reduced PADM. The combination of a nondamaging process, successful removal of cells, and reduction of xenogeneic alpha-Gal antigens from the porcine dermal matrix are critical for producing a material with the ability to remodel and integrate into host tissue and ultimately support soft tissue regeneration.
The Preventive Effects of Paeoniae Radix Extract against LPS-induced Acute Hepatotoxicity (2008)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of Paeoniae Radix Extract(PRE) against the acute hepatotoxicity-inducing lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the liver. PRE of 100 mg/kg concentration was intraperitoneally administered into rats at dose of 1.5 ml/kg for 20 days. On day 21, 5 mg/kg of LPS dissolved in saline was injected 4 hours before anesthetization. We examined the levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in serum of rats, superoxide dismutase(SOD) in mitochondrial fractions, and malondialdehyde(MDA), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx) in liver homogenates. LPS-treatment markedly increased the levels of GOT, GPT, LDH and MDA, and significantly decreased those of SOD, CAT and GPx. But PRE-pretreatment decreased the levels of GOT, GPT, LDH and MDA, by 59.7%, 43.6%, 59.6% and 63.5%, respectively and increased those of SOD, CAT and GPx, by 85.5%, 57.8% and 62.9%, respectively. These results showed that the PRE had the preventive effects against the acute hepatotoxicity-inducing LPS in the liver.
Molecular dissection of Rauscher virus gp70 by using monoclonal antibodies: localization of acquired sequences of related envelope gene recombinants. (1980)

Using hybridoma-specific immune precipitations of fragments derived from Rauscher virus gp70, coupled with peptide patterns (fingerprinting) and partial amino acid sequence analyses, we have generated a linear map of Rauscher gp70. We used a panel of 56 hybridomas derived from the fusion of the drug-selected SP-2 myeloma line with spleen cells from either a 129 GIX+ or a GIX- mouse immunized with purified Rauscher virus gp70. The results showed that by "natural" breakdown, gp70 splits into predominant fragments, with Mr 45,000 (P45), 34,000 (P34), and 32,000 (P32). Peptide fingerprinting of these as well as overlapping fragments coupled with partial amino acid sequence analyses allowed us to align the fragments into the linear arrangement NH2-P45-P32-COOH, with P34 being an NH2-terminal degradation product of P45. Of the 56 hybridomas, 20 immunoprecipitated both P45 and P34; 18 immunoprecipitated only P45; and 18 immunoprecipitated only P32. The hybridomas thus define three domains of the molecule as NH2-P45/P34, P45 only, and P32-COOH. Allowing these hybridomas to react with two Rauscher-derived envelope gene recombinant viruses yielded the following results: (i) all 20 P45/34 reactors bound to the two Rauscher recombinants; (ii) of 18 P45-only hybridomas, 10 reacted; and (iii) only 1 of 18 P32 reactors bound to the Rauscher recombinants. This last hybridoma reacted with various murine retroviruses, indicating that it was directed at conserved determinants of gp70. Peptide fingerprinting of R-gp70, the recombinant gp70s, and their respective breakdown products confirmed the homologies and nonhomologies defined by the hybridomas. Furthermore, peptide patterns showed that these acquired sequences on the COOH-terminal portion of the recombinant gp70s are related to xenotropic virus gp70s.
Protection from Pancreatitis by the Zymogen Granule Membrane Protein Integral Membrane-associated Protein-1 (2002)

Pancreatitis is a common disease with substantial morbidity and mortality. To better understand the mechanisms conferring sensitivity or resistance to pancreatitis, we have initiated the analysis of novel acinar cell proteins. Integral membrane-associated protein-1 (Itmap1) is a CUB (complement subcomponents C1r/C1s, sea urchin Uegf protein, bone morphogenetic protein-1) and zona pellucida (ZP) domain-containing protein we find prominently expressed in pancreatic acinar cells. Within the acinar cell, Itmap1 localizes to zymogen granule membranes. Although roles in epithelial polarity, granule assembly, and mucosal protection have been postulated for CUB/ZP proteins, in vivo functions for these molecules have not been proven. To determine the function of Itmap1, we generated Itmap1-deficient mice. Itmap1(-/-) mice demonstrate increased severity of secretagogue- and diet-induced pancreatitis in comparison to Itmap1(+/+) mice. In contrast to previous animal models exhibiting altered severity of pancreatitis, Itmap1 deficiency results in impaired activation of trypsin, an enzyme believed critical for initiating a cascade of digestive zymogen activation during pancreatitis. Itmap1 deficiency does not alter zymogen granule size, appearance, or the composition of zymogen granule contents. Our results demonstrate that Itmap1 plays an essential role in trypsinogen activation and that both impaired and augmented trypsinogen activation can be associated with increased severity of pancreatitis.
Selfish users in Aloha: a game-theoretic approach (2002)

Past studies of Aloha have emphasized system-wide goals such as achieving maximum throughput or minimum delay. We use game theory to analyze Aloha from the perspective of a selfish user. we construct an Aloha game and examine the optimal behavior of individual users. We show that the Aloha game has an equilibrium and that an Aloha system in which the users are selfish will be stable provided the attempt rate is sufficiently low. We then compare the performance of a selfish Aloha system with the performance of a centrally controlled slotted Aloha system. With some system parameters performance is near the optimum performance obtained by a centrally-controlled system. By utilizing a selfish-user assumption, it is possible to build systems which are robust and scalable.
E-CELL: software environment for whole-cell simulation. (1999)

The complete list of rules of the developed cell model with kinetic parameters can be obtained via our web site at: http://e-cell.org/.
Functional mRNA Can Be Generated by RNA Polymerase III (1995)

Eukaryotic cellular mRNA is believed to be synthesized exclusively by RNA polymerase II (pol II), whereas pol I produces long rRNAs and pol III produces 5S rRNA, tRNA, and other small RNAs. To determine whether this functional differentiation is obligatory, we examined the translational potential of an artificial pol III transcript. The coding region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat gene was placed under the control of a strong pol III promoter from the adenovirus type 2 VA RNAI gene. The resultant chimera, pVA-Tat, was transcribed accurately in vivo and in vitro and gave rise to Tat protein, which transactivated a human immunodeficiency virus-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter construct in transfected HeLa cells. pol III-specific mutations down-regulated VA-Tat RNA production in vivo and in vitro and dramatically reduced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase transactivation. As expected for a pol III transcript, VA-Tat RNA was not detectably capped at its 5' end or polyadenylated at its 3' end, but, like mRNA, it was associated with polysomes in a salt-stable manner. Mutational analysis of a short open reading frame upstream of the Tat-coding sequence implicates scanning in the initiation of VA-Tat RNA translation despite the absence of a cap. In comparison with tat mRNA generated by pol II, VA-Tat RNA was present on smaller polysomes and was apparently translated less efficiently, which is consistent with a relatively low initiation rate. Evidently, human cells are capable of utilizing pol III transcripts as functional mRNAs, and neither a cap nor a poly(A) tail is essential for translation, although they may be stimulatory. These findings raise the possibility that some cellular mRNAs are made by pol I or pol III.
Efficiency of Recombination by Cre Transient Expression in Embryonic Stem Cells: Comparison of Various Promoters (1997)

The Cre-loxP recombination system of bacteriophage P1 is frequently utilized in genetic manipulation in embryonic stem (ES) cells. The level of Cre expression is critical to induce loxP site-specific recombination in ES cells. To compare the efficiency of recombination, we constructed four Cre expression vectors driven by different promoters: cytomegarovirus/chicken beta-actin (CAG) promoter, human polypeptide chain elongation factor 1alpha (hEF-1alpha) promoter, mouse phosphoglycerate kinase-1 (mPGK) promoter, and polyoma enhancer/herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (MC1) promoter. We introduced these Cre expression vectors by electroporation into three ES cell lines carrying a single copy of CAG-loxP-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene-loxP-beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) gene construct. Since the Cre-mediated recombination leads to excision of the CAT gene, the efficiency of recombination can be monitored as beta-gal expression. No selection system was used in the experiments. The maximum recombination frequency was obtained when the CAG promoter was used, followed by the hEF-1alpha promoter, the mPGK promoter and the MC1 promoter in order. These results indicate that the efficiency of recombination in transient expression system correlates with the promoter activity of Cre expression vector. Thus, it is important to choose the promoter for effective recombination by Cre.
Improved luminance intensity of InGaN–GaN light-emitting diode by roughening both the p-GaN surface and the undoped-GaN surface (2006)

The InGaN–GaN epitaxial films were grown by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on a sapphire substrate, and then the light-emitting diode (LED) with double roughened (p-GaN and undoped-GaN) surfaces was fabricated by surface-roughening, wafer-bonding, and laser lift-off technologies. It was found that the front side luminance intensity of double roughened LED was 2.77 times higher than that of the conventional LED at an injection current of 20mA. The backside luminance intensity was 2.37 times higher than that of the conventional LED. This is because the double roughened surfaces can provide photons multiple chances to escape from the LED surface, and redirect photons, which were originally emitted out of the escape cone, back into the escape cone.
Isolation of monoclonal antibodies specific for products of avian oncogene myb. (1984)

We isolated a series of monoclonal antibodies which were raised against a bacterially expressed protein, bp37v-myb, and coded for by part of the avian v-myb gene. These monoclonal antibodies recognized a range of antigenic specificities on bp37v-myb, and this was reflected in their differing specificities for the gene products of the v-myb, c-myb, and E26 viral oncogenes. One monoclonal antibody recognized, in addition to the v-myb and c-myb gene products, a conserved nuclear protein found in all tested cells. We describe the characterization of these monoclonal antibodies.
Nanopore analysis of tethered peptides (2010)

Peptides of 12 amino acids were tethered via a terminal cysteine to mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrabromomethyl-substituted benzene to produce bundles of one to four peptide strands (CY12-T1 to CY12-T4, respectively). The interaction of the bundles with the α-hemolysin pore was assessed by measuring the blockade currents (I) and times (T) at an applied potential of - 50, - 100, and - 150 mV. Three types of events could be distinguished: bumping events, with small I and short T where the molecule transiently interacts with the pore before diffusing away; translocation events, where the molecule threads through the pore with large I and the value of T decreases with increasing voltage; and intercalation events, where the molecule transiently enters the pore but does not translocate with large I and the value of T increases with increasing voltage. CY12-T1 and CY12-T2 gave only bumping and translocation events; CY12-T3 and CY12-T4 also gave intercalation events, some of which were of very long duration. The results suggest that three uncoiled peptide strands cannot simultaneously thread through the α-hemolysin pore and that proteins must completely unfold in order to translocate.
The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study (2020)

National Key R&D Program of China, Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education in China.
Influence of a Mindfulness Meditation-Based Stress Reduction Intervention on Rates of Skin Clearing in Patients With Moderate to Severe Psoriasis Undergoing Photo Therapy (UVB) and Photochemotherapy (PUVA) (1998)

A brief mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention delivered by audiotape during ultraviolet light therapy can increase the rate of resolution of psoriatic lesions in patients with psoriasis.
A Fast Fixed-Point Algorithm for Independent Component Analysis (1997)

We introduce a novel fast algorithm for independent component analysis, which can be used for blind source separation and feature extraction. We show how a neural network learning rule can be transformed into a fixedpoint iteration, which provides an algorithm that is very simple, does not depend on any user-defined parameters, and is fast to converge to the most accurate solution allowed by the data. The algorithm finds, one at a time, all nongaussian independent components, regardless of their probability distributions. The computations can be performed in either batch mode or a semiadaptive manner. The convergence of the algorithm is rigorously proved, and the convergence speed is shown to be cubic. Some comparisons to gradient-based algorithms are made, showing that the new algorithm is usually 10 to 100 times faster, sometimes giving the solution in just a few iterations.
An Uncommon Variant of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Acute Erythroid Leukemia (2011)

A 65-year-old Asian/Caucasian female. Chief Complaint:The patient complained of general malaise for several weeks duration.She felt generally healthy but thought that she was becoming increasingly short of breath and easily fatigued. History of Present Illness:Diagnostic studies were conducted on this patient on an outpatient basis.She was determined to be markedly anemic with combined leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.There was concern for the possibility of an underlying leukemia or myelo-proliferative disorder, so she was admitted to the hospital for a more thorough evaluation and hematologic consultation. Past Medical and Surgical History:The patient has a long history of stable coronary artery disease (CAD).Family History: Unremarkable.Social History: Patient admitted to occasional social alcohol intake,
Effect of chlorine dioxide on selected membrane functions of Escherichia coli (1986)

The mode of action of chlorine dioxide on Escherichia coli was assessed by studying outer membrane permeability to macromolecules and potassium, and observing effects on respiration. The results indicate that gross cellular damage involving significant leakage of intracellular macromolecules does not occur. There was a substantial efflux of potassium, however, and respiration was inhibited even at sublethal doses. It was concluded that the inhibition of respiration, which could be due to the damage to the cell envelope, was not the primary lethal event. Observations of the efflux of K+ strongly implicate the loss of permeability control as the primary lethal event at the physiological level, with nonspecific oxidative damage to the outer membrane leading to the destruction of the trans-membrane ionic gradient.
Parabolic dependence of drug action upon lipophilic character as revealed by a study of hypnotics (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTParabolic dependence of drug action upon lipophilic character as revealed by a study of hypnoticsCorwin Hansch, A. Ruth Steward, Susan M. Anderson, and Donald L. BentleyCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 1, 1–11Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00307a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00307a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views515Altmetric-Citations197LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study (2017)

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study of Chlamydia trachomatis: induction of ATPase activity in elementary bodies (1989)

ATPase activity of elementary bodies (EBs) of Chlamydia trachomatis was investigated by using high-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ATPase activity was detected in EBs of C. trachomatis serovars A, B, and L2 after treatment with the reducing agents 2-mercaptoethanol and glutathione. ATPase activity was oligomycin sensitive and magnesium ion dependent. EBs heated at 60 degrees C for 10 min or pretreated with Triton X-100 before exposure to 2-mercaptoethanol did not exhibit ATPase activity. Monoclonal antibody to the major outer membrane protein abrogated ATPase activity of EBs, whereas monoclonal antibody to chlamydial lipopolysaccharide only marginally reduced the level of ATPase activity. These findings suggest that EBs possess intrinsic ATPase activity and that cysteine-rich outer membrane proteins of EBs are important in the regulation of ATPase activity. The major outer membrane protein may be the major route through which ATP accesses ATPase.
The Response of CD24 −/low /CD44 + Breast Cancer–Initiating Cells to Radiation (2006)

Background: If cancer arises and is maintained by a small population of cancer-initiating cells within every tumor, understanding how these cells react to cancer treatment will facilitate improvement of cancer treatment in the future. Cancer-initiating cells can now be prospectively isolated from breast cancer cell lines and tumor samples and propagated as mammospheres in vitro under serum-free conditions. Methods: CD24 −/low /CD44 + cancer-initiating cells were isolated from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer monolayer cultures and propagated as mammospheres. Their response to radiation was investigated by assaying clonogenic survival and by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, phosphorylation of the replacement histone H2AX, CD44 levels, CD24 levels, and Notch-1 activation using flow cytometry. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Cancer-initiating cells were more resistant to radiation than cells grown as monolayer cultures (MCF-7: monolayer cultures, mean surviving fraction at 2 Gy [SF 2Gy ] = 0.2, versus mammospheres, mean SF 2Gy = 0.46, difference = 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.05 to 0.47; P = .026; MDA-MB-231: monolayer cultures, mean SF 2Gy = 0.5, versus mammospheres, mean SF 2Gy = 0.69, difference = 0.19, 95% CI = −0.07 to 0.45; P = .09). Levels of ROS increased in both mammospheres and monolayer cultures after irradiation with a single dose of 10 Gy but were lower in mammospheres than in monolayer cultures (MCF-7 monolayer cultures: 0 Gy, mean = 1.0, versus 10 Gy, mean = 3.32, difference = 2.32, 95% CI = 0.67 to 3.98; P = .026; mammospheres: 0 Gy, mean = 0.58, versus 10 Gy, mean = 1.46, difference = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.20 to 1.56; P = .031); phosphorylation of H2AX increased in irradiated monolayer cultures, but no change was observed in mammospheres. Fractionated doses of irradiation increased activation of Notch-1 (untreated, mean = 10.7, versus treated, mean = 15.1, difference = 4.4, 95% CI = 2.7 to 6.1, P = .002) and the percentage of the cancer stem/initiating cells in the nonadherent cell population of MCF-7 monolayer cultures (untreated, mean = 3.52%, versus treated, mean = 7.5%, difference = 3.98%, 95% CI = 1.67% to 6.25%, P = .009). Conclusions: Breast cancer–initiating cells are a relatively radioresistant subpopulation of breast cancer cells and increase in numbers after short courses of fractionated irradiation. These findings offer a possible mechanism for the accelerated repopulation of tumor cells observed during gaps in radiotherapy.