gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bcl-G, a Novel Pro-apoptotic Member of the Bcl-2 Family (2001)

A new member of the Bcl-2 family was identified, Bcl-G. The human BCL-G gene consists of 6 exons, resides on chromosome 12p12, and encodes two proteins through alternative mRNA splicing, Bcl-G(L) (long) and Bcl-G(S) (short) consisting of 327 and 252 amino acids in length, respectively. Bcl-G(L) and Bcl-G(S) have identical sequences for the first 226 amino acids but diverge thereafter. Among the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains previously recognized in Bcl-2 family proteins, the BH3 domain is found in both Bcl-G(L) and Bcl-G(S), but only the longer Bcl-G(L) protein possesses a BH2 domain. Bcl-G(L) mRNA is expressed widely in adult human tissues, whereas Bcl-G(S) mRNA was found only in testis. Overexpression of Bcl-G(L) or Bcl-G(S) in cells induced apoptosis although Bcl-G(S) was far more potent than Bcl-G(L). Apoptosis induction by Bcl-G(S) depended on the BH3 domain and was suppressed by coexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-X(L) protein. Bcl-X(L) also coimmunoprecipitated with Bcl-G(S) but not with mutants of Bcl-G(S) in which the BH3 domain was deleted or mutated or with Bcl-G(L). Bcl-G(S) was predominantly localized to cytosolic organelles, whereas Bcl-G(L) was diffusely distributed throughout the cytosol. A mutant of Bcl-G(L) in which the BH2 domain was deleted displayed increased apoptotic activity and coimmunoprecipitated with Bcl-X(L), suggesting that the BH2 domain autorepresses Bcl-G(L).
The human interferon-gamma receptor. Purification, characterization, and preparation of antibodies. (1987)

The receptor for human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was purified from foreskin fibroblasts. Triton X-100 extracts obtained from either intact cells or membrane preparations were passed through an immobilized interferon-gamma column. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of eluted fractions revealed a major band of Mr = 95,000 and minor bands of Mr = 80,000 and 60,000. Further purification was obtained by steric exclusion and by lectin chromatography. The purified receptor retained the ability to bind 125I-IFN-gamma with a Kd of 2.2 X 10(-10) M, a value close to that obtained with intact fibroblasts (5 X 10(-10) M). A complex of Mr = 105,000-125,000 was visualized by immunoprecipitation of 125I-IFN-gamma cross-linked to the purified receptor followed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. A similar complex was obtained when 125I-IFN-gamma was cross-linked to intact cells. Immunization of mice with the excised SDS-PAGE band of Mr = 95,000 elicited antibodies that blocked the antiviral activity of IFN-gamma and immunoprecipitated the cross-linked complex of 125I-IFN-gamma and its receptor.
Effect of Age of Onset of Psoriasis on Clinical Outcomes with Systemic Treatment in the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR) (2018)

Our real-world data from PSOLAR indicate that there are differences in some patient characteristics between EOP and LOP and that patients with EOP are less likely than those with LOP to respond to certain systemic treatments. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00508547).
Studies of Aluminum-Doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2: Electrochemical Behavior, Aging, Structural Transformations, and Thermal Characteristics (2015)

This paper is dedicated to studies of the electrochemical behavior, the structural and thermal features of the Ni-rich LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 undoped and Al-doped (∼0.01 at.%) materials for positive electrodes of lithium batteries. We have found that structural characteristics of these materials are quite similar from the crystallographic point of view. It was demonstrated that Al substitution in the doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 is preferred at Ni sites over Co sites, and the thermodynamic preference for Al3+ substitutions follows the order: Ni>Co>Mn. The lower capacity fading of the Al-doped electrodes upon cycling and aging of the cells in a charged state (4.3 V) at 60°C, as well as more stable mean voltage behavior, are likely due to the chemical and structural modifications of the electrode/solution interface. The Al-doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 electrodes demonstrate also lower resistances of the surface film and charge-transfer as well as lower activation energies for the discharge process. From XPS studies we conclude that the modified stable and less resistive interface on the Al-doped particles comprises the Li+-ion conducting nano-sized centers like LiAlO2, AlF3, etc., which promote, to some extent, the Li+ ionic transport to the bulk. A partial layered-to-spinel transformation was established upon cycling of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathodes.
Prostasomal DNA characterization and transfer into human sperm (2011)

Human prostasomes, exosome-like microvesicles secreted by acinar cells of the prostate gland, contain chromosomal DNA. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from seminal prostasomes displayed fragments of over 12 kb and smaller, with a distinct band around 1 kb that was excised, cloned, and sequenced. The sequences showed 8 out of 25 clones (32%) originating from genes. We elaborated the concept further by carrying out a genome-wide DNA copy number analysis of prostasomal DNA, hypothesizing that human prostasomes contain fragments of DNA randomly selected from the entire genome. Acridine orange-stained prostasomes were incubated with freshly prepared sperm for different times, and a transfer of acridine orange-stained prostasomal DNA to sperm (preferentially the head region) was observed. Fluorescence microscopy of slices in the center of 14 optical slides of the sperm head displayed an even fluorescence rather than a halo-like one, indicating DNA-uptake rather than just binding along the sperm head membrane.
Subcutoff microwave driven plasma ion sources for multielemental focused ion beam systems (2008)

A compact microwave driven plasma ion source for focused ion beam applications has been developed. Several gas species have been experimented including argon, krypton, and hydrogen. The plasma, confined by a minimum B multicusp magnetic field, has good radial and axial uniformity. The octupole multicusp configuration shows a superior performance in terms of plasma density (~1.3 x 10(11) cm(-3)) and electron temperature (7-15 eV) at a power density of 5-10 Wcm(2). Ion current densities ranging from a few hundreds to over 1000 mA/cm(2) have been obtained with different plasma electrode apertures. The ion source will be combined with electrostatic Einzel lenses and should be capable of producing multielemental focused ion beams for nanostructuring and implantations. The initial simulation results for the focused beams have been presented.
Imaging a Genetically Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus (GLV-1h99) Using a Human Norepinephrine Transporter Reporter Gene (2009)

GLV-1h99 shows high mesothelioma tumor cell infectivity and cytotoxic efficacy. The feasibility of imaging virus-targeted tumor using the hNET reporter system with [(123)I]MIBG gamma-camera and [(124)I]MIBG PET was shown in an orthotopic pleural mesothelioma tumor model. The inclusion of human reporter genes into recombinant oncolytic viruses enhances the potential for translation to clinical monitoring of oncolytic viral therapy.
Glutathione <italic>S</italic>-Transferase Activity: Enhancement by Compounds Inhibiting Chemical Carcinogenesis and by Dietary Constituents<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">3</xref> (1982)

Benzyl isothiocyanate, beta-naphthoflavone, coumarin, alpha-angelicalactone, disulfiram, indole-3-carbinol and indole-3-acetonitrile induced increased glutathione (GSH) S-transferase activity in the liver and small intestine in female ICR/Ha mice. All seven compounds are inhibitors of chemical carcinogenesis. In additional work, several dietary constituents increased GSH S-transferase activity. Consumption of diets containing dried powdered preparations of brussels sprouts, cabbage, coffee beans, or tea leaves resulted in increased GSH S-transferase activity. Mice fed an unrefined diet (Purina Rat Chow) had a higher GSH S-transferase activity than those fed a semipurified diet. The results of the present study indicated that the composition of the diet can alter the activity of an important enzyme system having the capacity to detoxify chemical carcinogens.
Optical pumping of 3He nuclei (1985)

Traduction in Soviet Physics Uspekhi, vol. 28, p. 941 (1985)
Multijet electrospinning of conducting nanofibers from microfluidic manifolds (2007)

Abstract We present a method for the electrospinning of conducting polymeric composite nanofibers using a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS)‐based microfluidic device. To scale‐up the process and spin multicomponent systems, we designed a unique multi‐spinnerette electrospinning device using microchannels cast in PDMS. Nanofibers of poly (vinylpyrrolidone) and its composite with polypyrrole were successfully prepared using one‐step and two‐step microfluidic electrospinning. The effect of processing variables on the morphology of the nanofibers formed using this devicewas also studied. SEM images showed that fiber diameter and morphology strongly depend on processing parameters such as concentration, applied electric field, feed rate, solvent, and ionic salt addition. FTIR spectroscopy and conductivity measurements reveal the polymerization of pyrrole in the matrix of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Heterojunction organic thin-film transistors (2002)

We have developed a unique organic transistor structure which enables us to realize both p-channel and n-channel operation in a single device. This device also demonstrates the applicability of heterojunction concepts to organic semiconductors. The active material consists of two layers: the first layer, typically 10-20 nm thick, is made up of /spl alpha/-hexathienylene (/spl alpha/-6T), a thiophene oligomer which exhibits good p-channel operation. The second active material is C/sub 60/ and is about 20-30 nm thick. The energy levels of the occupied and unoccupied molecular orbitals of /spl alpha/-6T and C/sub 60/ are such that when the gate is biased negatively with respect to the source, the p-channel material is filled with holes and when the gate is biased positively, the n-channel material (C/sub 60/) is filled with electrons. A detailed analysis of the transistor characteristics provides important insights into transport in organic materials and is discussed.
MM-398 (Nanoliposomal Irinotecan): Emergence of a Novel Therapy for the Treatment of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (2015)

While progress in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer has accelerated in recent years, this malignancy continues to have an exceedingly poor prognosis, with no standard of care options beyond front-line chemotherapy. Currently, there are a number of new therapeutic agents in varying stages of clinical development, including molecularly targeted agents, immunotherapies, and modified versions of cytotoxics. MM-398, a novel nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan, was designed to maximize tumor exposure while minimizing systemic toxicity due to its favorable pharmacokinetic profile. Overall, across multiple clinical trials in multiple disease indications, MM-398 has been shown to have a favorable safety and tolerability profile compared with standard irinotecan. Recent results of the Phase III NAPOLI-1 trial in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer refractory to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy have shown a significant improvement in overall survival of MM-398 when combined with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, compared with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin alone. This review focuses on the development and pharmacokinetic properties of MM-398, followed by evaluation of its safety and efficacy with a primary emphasis on clinical trials in advanced pancreatic cancer.
In vivo evaluation of the effectiveness of bronchial thermoplasty with computed tomography (2005)

A recent study has reported that the application of thermal energy delivered through a bronchoscope (bronchial thermoplasty) impairs the ability of airway smooth muscle to shorten in response to methacholine (MCh)(Danek CJ, Lombard CM, Dungworth DL, Cox PG, Miller JD, Biggs MJ, Keast TM, Loomas BE, Wizeman WJ, Hogg JC, and Leff AR. J Appl Physiol 97: 1946-1953, 2004). If such a technique is successful, it has the potential to serve as a therapy to attenuate airway narrowing in asthmatic subjects regardless of the initiating cause that stimulates the smooth muscle. In the present study, we have applied high-resolution computed tomography to accurately quantify the changes in airway area before and after a standard MCh aerosol challenge in airways treated with bronchial thermoplasty. We studied a total of 193 airways ranging from 2 to 15 mm in six dogs. These were divided into treated and control populations. The MCh dose-response curves in untreated airways and soon-to-be-treated airways were superimposable. In contrast, the dose-response curves in treated airways were shifted upward at all points, showing a significantly decreased sensitivity to MCh at both 2 and 4 wk posttreatment. These results thus show that treated airways have significantly increased luminal area at any dose of inhaled MCh compared with untreated airways. The work in this study thus supports the underlying concept that impairing the smooth muscle may be an effective treatment for asthma.
NKT Cell Stimulation with Glycolipid Antigen In Vivo: Costimulation-Dependent Expansion, Bim-Dependent Contraction, and Hyporesponsiveness to Further Antigenic Challenge (2005)

Activation of NKT cells using the glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) has availed many investigations into their immunoregulatory and therapeutic potential. However, it remains unclear how they respond to stimulation in vivo, which costimulatory pathways are important, and what factors (e.g., Ag availability and activation-induced cell death) limit their response. We have explored these questions in the context of an in vivo model of NKT cell dynamics spanning activation, population expansion, and subsequent contraction. Neither the B7/CD28 nor the CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway was necessary for cytokine production by activated NKT cells, either early (2 h) or late (3 days) after initial stimulation, but both pathways were necessary for normal proliferative expansion of NKT cells in vivo. The proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bim was necessary for normal contraction of the NKT cell population between days 3-9 after stimulation, suggesting that the pool size is regulated by apoptotic death, similar to that of conventional T cells. Ag availability was not the limiting factor for NKT cell expansion in vivo, and a second alpha-GalCer injection induced a very blunted response, whereby cytokine production was reduced and further expansion did not occur. This appeared to be a form of anergy that was intrinsic to NKT cells and was not associated with inhibitory NK receptor signaling. Furthermore, NKT cells from mice pre-challenged with alpha-GalCer in vivo showed little cytokine production and reduced proliferation in vitro. In summary, this study significantly enhances our understanding of how NKT cells respond to primary and secondary antigenic challenge in vivo.
Embryonic pig pancreatic tissue for the treatment of diabetes in a nonhuman primate model (2009)

Xenotransplantation of pig tissues has great potential to overcome the shortage of organ donors. One approach to address the vigorous immune rejection associated with xenotransplants is the use of embryonic precursor tissue, which induces and utilizes host vasculature upon its growth and development. Recently, we showed in mice that embryonic pig pancreatic tissue from embryonic day 42 (E42) exhibits optimal properties as a beta cell replacement therapy. We now demonstrate the proof of concept in 2 diabetic Cynomolgus monkeys, followed for 393 and 280 days, respectively. A marked reduction of exogenous insulin requirement was noted by the fourth month after transplantation, reaching complete independence from exogenous insulin during the fifth month after transplantation, with full physiological control of blood glucose levels. The porcine origin of insulin was documented by a radioimmunoassay specific for porcine C-peptide. Furthermore, the growing tissue was found to be predominantly vascularized with host blood vessels, thereby evading hyperacute or acute rejection, which could potentially be mediated by preexisting anti-pig antibodies. Durable graft protection was achieved, and most of the late complications could be attributed to the immunosuppressive protocol. While fine tuning of immune suppression, tissue dose, and implantation techniques are still required, our results demonstrate that porcine E-42 embryonic pancreatic tissue can normalize blood glucose levels in primates. Its long-term proliferative capacity, its revascularization by host endothelium, and its reduced immunogenicity, strongly suggest that this approach could offer an attractive replacement therapy for diabetes.
Analytical Chemistry Handbook (1995)

Preliminary operations of analysis preliminary separation methods gravimetric and volumetric analysis chromatographic method electronic adosrption and luminescence spectroscopy infrared and raman spectroscopy optical activity and rotary dispersion refractometry x-ray methods radiochemical methods nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron spin resonance mass spectrometry electroanalytical methods thermal analysis magnetic susceptibility organic elemental analysis detection and determination of functional groups in organic compounds methods for the determination of water statistics in chemical analysis geological and inorganic materials water analysis definition of terms and symbols.
Circulating MicroRNA miR-323-3p as a Biomarker of Ectopic Pregnancy (2012)

Pregnancy-associated miRNAs, especially miR-323-3p, added substantial diagnostic accuracy to a panel including hCG and progesterone for the diagnosis of EP.
Association of ets‐related transcriptional factor E1AF expression with tumour progression and overexpression of MMP‐1 and matrilysin in human colorectal cancer (2003)

Expression of E1AF/PEA3 (ETV4), an ets family transcription factor, has been implicated in the invasive potential of several cancer cell lines through induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. The aim of this study was to examine E1AF mRNA expression and to determine whether it is correlated with progression of, and/or MMP expression in, human colorectal cancer. Using the semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 100 colorectal cancer tissues were analysed for E1AF mRNA expression. Expression of ER81 (ETV1) and ERM (ETV5), the other two members of the PEA3 subfamily, and Ets-1 and Ets-2 was also analysed. The results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and MMP expression. Immunohistochemical analysis and an in vitro invasion assay were also performed. E1AF mRNA expression was detected in 62% of the 100 colorectal cancer tissues, but was undetectable or only faintly detected in adjacent non-tumour tissues. E1AF mRNA was detected in all of the ten liver metastases from colorectal cancers. E1AF expression correlated significantly with depth of invasion, lymphatic and venous invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis, advance in pathological tumour-node-metastasis stage, and recurrence. Patients with E1AF-positive tumours had significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival periods than did those with E1AF-negative tumours (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). E1AF expression retained its significant predictive value for overall and disease-free survival in multivariate analysis that included conventional clinicopathological factors (p = 0.0066 and p = 0.0109, respectively). Among the MMPs analysed, expression of MMP-1 and matrilysin correlated significantly with E1AF expression. In contrast, expression of ER81 and ERM did not correlate with clinicopathological characteristics or the expression of these MMPs. Immunohistochemical expression of E1AF was predominantly observed at the invasive front, where the expression of MMP-1 and matrilysin and nuclear beta-catenin expression were often co-localized. Antisense E1AF-transfected HT-29 colon cancer cells expressed reduced levels of MMP-1 and matrilysin and were less invasive in vitro than neo-transfected HT-29 cells. The results of this study suggest that E1AF, the expression of which is closely correlated with the expression of MMP-1 and matrilysin, plays a key role in the progression of colorectal cancer.
A 2-V CMOS cellular transceiver front-end (2000)

This work presents the design and implementation of a 2-V cellular transceiver front-end in a standard 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The prototype integrates a low-IF receiver (low noise amplifier, I/Q mixers, and VGAs) and a direct-upconversion transmitter (I/Q mixers and pre-amplifier) on a single die together with a complete phase-locked loop, including a 64/79 prescaler, a fully integrated loop filter, and a quadrature voltage controlled oscillator with on-chip inductors. Design trade-offs have been made over the boundaries of the different building blocks to optimize the overall system performance. All building blocks feature circuit topologies that enable comfortable operation at low voltage. As a result, the IC operates from a power supply of only 2 V, while consuming 191 mW in receiver (RX) mode and 160 mW in transmitter (TX) mode. To build a complete transceiver system for 1,8-GHz cellular communication, only an antenna, an antenna filter, a power amplifier, and a digital baseband chip must be added to the analog front-end. This work shows the potential of achieving the analog performance required for the class I/II DCS-1800 cellular system in a standard 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, without tuning or trimming.
Adhesion promotion between poly(methylmethacrylate) and metallic surfaces for LiGA evaluated by shear stress measurements (1998)

The fabrication of high-aspect-ratio microelectromechanical structures (HI-MEMS) using the LiGA process [German acronym for Lithography, Galvanoplasty, and molding (Abformung)] requires both sufficient lithographic and mechanical adhesion of thick microstructures to the substrate. The interfacial bond strength between poly(methylmethacrylate) and various metal surfaces (Ti, Cu, and Au), in the preliminary stages of the LiGA process, was evaluated by shear stress measurement. In addition, adhesion promotion processes have been investigated. A mechanical type of adhesion was promoted by modifying the morphology of surfaces. Ti or Cu were microroughened by chemical oxidation and acrylic resist sheets thermally processed. The largest increase in adhesion was obtained with a combination of both substrate and resist treatments. The use of Novolak resists as interfacial layers enhanced adhesion, independently of the nature of the substrates. Severalfold increases in bond strengths were also obtained using various primers, such as 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane on Au and Cu substrates.