gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Threshold Hypoxia: Its Effect on the Survival of Mammalian Cells Irradiated at high and low dose-rates (1966)

HeLa cells cultured in vitro were exposed to 60Co γ rays delivered as acute exposures (103 rads/minute) or protracted exposures (30 rads/hour). The radiation was given under conditions of normal aeration and under threshold hypoxia, defined to be the presence of about 340 parts per million of oxygen in the gas phase. The survival curves for acute exposures under normal aeration and under threshold hypoxia both had extrapolation numbers (N) of 1·5, and had 37 per cent dose-slopes (D0) of 180 and 435 rads respectively; the oxygen enhancement ratio is thus about 2·4. For protracted exposures, the survival curve under aerated conditions exhibited an N of 1·0 and a D0 of 260 rads; under threshold hypoxia the N was 1·5 and the D0 was 405 rads. At this low dose-rate, oxygen did not appear to be a simple dose-modifying agent; the oxygen enhancement ratio calculated from the ratio of the limiting slopes was about 1·56.
Evaluation of CSF-tau and CSF-Aβ42 as Diagnostic Markers for Alzheimer Disease in Clinical Practice (2001)

Cerebrospinal fluid tau and CSF-Abeta42 have so far been studied in research settings, under conditions providing data on the optimal performance. We examined a prospective patient sample, with assays run in clinical routine, giving figures closer to the true performance of CSF-tau and CSF-Abeta42. The predictive value for AD was greater than 90%. Therefore, these biomarkers may have a role in the clinical workup of patients with cognitive impairment, especially to differentiate early AD from normal aging and psychiatric disorders.
Role of advanced glycation end products in cellular signaling (2014)

Improvements in health care and lifestyle have led to an elevated lifespan and increased focus on age-associated diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, frailty and arteriosclerosis. In all these chronic diseases protein, lipid or nucleic acid modifications are involved, including cross-linked and non-degradable aggregates, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Formation of endogenous or uptake of dietary AGEs can lead to further protein modifications and activation of several inflammatory signaling pathways. This review will give an overview of the most prominent AGE-mediated signaling cascades, AGE receptor interactions, prevention of AGE formation and the impact of AGEs during pathophysiological processes.
Immobilized morin as fluorescence sensor for determination of aluminum(III) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmobilized morin as fluorescence sensor for determination of aluminum(III)Linda A. Saari and W. Rudolf. SeitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 4, 667–670Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00255a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views655Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (520 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Structure‐activity relationships of new agonists and antagonists of different metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes (1996)

1. We investigated the agonist and antagonist activities of 22 new phenylglycine and phenylalanine derivatives for metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) by examining their effects on the signal transduction of mGluR1, mGluR2 and mGluR6 subtypes expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. This analysis revealed several structural characteristics that govern receptor subtype specificity of the agonist and antagonist activities of phenylglycine derivatives. 2. Hydroxyphenylglycine derivatives possessed either an agonist activity on mGluR1/mGluR6 or an antagonist activity on mGluR1. 3. Carboxyphenylglycine derivatives showed an agonist activity on mGluR2 but an antagonist activity on mGluR1. 4. alpha-Methylation or alpha-ethylation of the carboxyphenylglycine derivatives converts the agonist property for mGluR2 to an antagonist property, thus producing antagonists at both mGluR1 and mGluR2. 5. Structurally-corresponding phenylalanine derivatives showed little or no agonist or antagonist activity on any subtypes of the receptors. 6. This investigation demonstrates that the nature and positions of side chains and ring substituents incorporated into the phenylglycine structure are critical in determining the agonist and antagonist activities of members of this group of compounds on different subtypes of the mGluR family. 7. We also tested two alpha-methyl derivatives of mGluR agonists. (2S, 1'S, 2'S)-2-(2-Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine (L-CCG-I) is a potent agonist for mGluR2 but alpha-methylation of this compound changes its activity to that of an mGluR2-selective antagonist. In contrast, alpha-methylation of L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4) results in retention of an agonist activity on mGluR6. Thus, alpha-methylation produces different effects, depending on the chemical structures of lead compounds and/or on the subtype of mGluR tested.
Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax (1998)

This paper describes a "superset" of operations that can be applied to URI. It consists of both a grammar and a description of basic functionality for URI. To understand what is a valid URI, both the grammar and the associated description have to be studied. Some of the functionality described is not applicable to all URI schemes, and some operations are only possible when certain media types are retrieved using the URI, regardless of the scheme used.
Cells infected with Yersinia present an epitope to class I MHC-restricted CTL. (1994)

Bacteria of the genus Yersinia cause disease in humans ranging from enteritis and lymphadenitis to plaque. These organisms have the ability to bind to host cells and, in a complex interaction, are able to deliver a specific subset of proteins into the host cell. These proteins alter host structures and functions, and in the case of macrophages, prevent phagocytosis of the organism. In Yersinia enterocolitica, one of these proteins, Yop51, is known to be a protein tyrosine phosphatase. By using a directed approach, we have raised murine CTL that recognize a peptide epitope from Yop51 in the context of the MHC class I molecule H-2 Db. This epitope, Yop51 249-257, seems to be presented both by cells that produce Yop51 endogenously and by epithelial cells infected with virulent Y. enterocolitica. In vivo, Y. enterocolitica is believed to remain mostly in an extracellular niche. Therefore, detection of this organism by cytotoxic T cells and, possibly, resistance to disease may depend on recognition of epitopes from a subset of virulence determinants delivered into the cytoplasm of host cells by surface-bound organisms.
A design of high-rate space-frequency codes for MIMO-OFDM systems (2004)

In this paper, a design of high-rate space-frequency codes (SFC) is proposed for MIMO-OFDM systems. The proposed SFC is achieved by partitioning data symbols in one OFDM block into many blocks and then precoding each block with an unitary matrix. For M/sub t/ transmit antennas, it can achieve a symbol rate M/sub t/ and it is numerically shown that it has full diversity in some interesting cases.
Rapamycin, Wortmannin, and the Methylxanthine SQ20006 Inactivate p70s6k by Inducing Dephosphorylation of the Same Subset of Sites (1995)

Activation of p70s6k in cells stimulated with serum correlates with the phosphorylation of seven sites. Pretreatment of Swiss 3T3 cells with the immunosuppressant rapamycin blocks phosphorylation of four of these sites (Thr229, Thr389, Ser404, and Ser411), whereas phosphorylation proceeds in the remaining three sites (Ser418, Thr421, and Ser424). If rapamycin is added postserum stimulation, the pattern of phosphorylation is qualitatively similar except that Ser411 is still highly phosphorylated. The inhibitory effect of rapamycin on serum-induced p70s6k activation and the phosphorylation of Thr229, Thr389, Ser404, and Ser411 is rescued by FK506, providing further evidence that the inhibitory effect is exerted through a complex of rapamycin-FKBP12. Wortmannin treatment pre- or post-serum stimulation inhibits phosphorylation of the same set of sites as rapamycin, supporting the argument that both agents act on the same pathway. Likewise, methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitors block p70s6k activation and phosphorylation of the same set of sites as wortmannin and rapamycin. However, other agents that raise intracellular cAMP levels have no inhibitory effect, leading to the hypothesis that the inhibitory actions of methylxanthines on p70s6k activity are not through activating protein kinase A but through inhibition of an upstream kinase. Together the results indicate that there are two kinase signaling pathways that must converge to activate p70s6k and that only one of these pathways is sensitive to rapamycin, wortmannin, and methylxanthine inhibition.
Wild type and mutant signal peptides of Escherichia coli outer membrane lipoprotein interact with equal efficiency with mammalian signal recognition particle. (1987)

The signal peptide of the outer membrane lipoprotein (OMLP) of Escherichia coli was shown to be capable of promoting protein translocation across mammalian microsomal membranes in vitro. We assayed translocation of a fusion protein containing the OMLP signal peptide and nine amino acids of OMLP fused in frame to beta-lactamase. The efficiency with which the mammalian translocation machinery recognizes and accepts the OMLP signal peptide as substrate is indistinguishable from that of mammalian secretory proteins. Upon translocation mammalian signal peptidase processes the pre-OMLP-beta-lactamase protein at different sites than are utilized in vivo by E. coli OMLP signal peptidase (signal peptidase II) but that can be predicted as mammalian signal peptidase cleavage sites. Mutants in the OMLP signal peptide were tested for their ability to promote translocation of the fusion protein in this assay system. It has been shown previously that mutants in the positively charged amino acids at the amino terminus of the signal peptide severely delay the translocation of OMLP in vivo in E. coli. However, these mutants had no detectable effect either on signal recognition by mammalian signal recognition particle or on the efficiency of translocation itself.
Self-Assembly of Mesoscale Objects into Ordered Two-Dimensional Arrays (1997)

Regular arrays of topologically complex, millimeter-scale objects were prepared by self-assembly, with the shapes of the assembling objects and the wettability of their surfaces determining the structure of the arrays. The system was composed of solid objects floating at the interface between perfluorodecalin and water and interacting by lateral capillary forces; patterning of the wettability of the surfaces of the objects directs these forces. Self-assembly results from minimization of the interfacial free energy of the liquid-liquid interface. Calculations suggest that this strategy for self-assembly can be applied to objects on a micrometer scale.
<title>Scatterometric sensor for lithography</title> (1994)

Scatterometry, the analysis of light scattered by diffraction from periodic structures, is shown to be a versatile process control and metrology technique for use in microelectronics manufacturing. Contemporary inspection technologies, such as scanning force microscopy (SFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in general cannot be performed in-situ and are slow for real-time process control. Scatterometry, on the other hand, is rapid, nondestructive, inexpensive and might be used on-line. This paper will discuss applications of 2 - (Theta) scatterometry to developed photoresist focus/exposure matrices, often related to the manufacture of microelectronic devices. To test this technique we obtained and measured five identically processed wafers with nominal 0.5 micrometers line/0.5 micrometers space grating patterns. Each wafer is comprised of gratings created in Shipley 89131 negative photoresist and arranged in a matrix of incremental exposure doses and focus settings. The scatterometric CD measurements are consistent in comparison to cross- section and top-down SEM measurements of the same structures. The average deviation of 11 linewidth measurements from top down SEM measurements, over a broad exposure range, is 14.5 nm. In addition, the repeatability (1 - (sigma) ) of the 2 - (Theta) scatterometer is shown to be excellent: 0.5 nm for consecutive measurements and 0.8 nm for day to day measurements.
Antigen-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Isolated from B Cells Expressing Constitutively Active STAT5 (2011)

Here we describe a novel and relatively simple method of immortalizing antigen-specific human B cells for isolation of human monoclonal antibodies. These results show that STAT5 overexpression can be employed to isolate antigen specific antibodies from human memory B cells.
Efficacy and Safety of Flibanserin for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Women (2016)

Treatment with flibanserin, on average, resulted in one-half additional SSE per month while statistically and clinically significantly increasing the risk of dizziness, somnolence, nausea, and fatigue. Overall, the quality of the evidence was graded as very low. Before flibanserin can be recommended in guidelines and clinical practice, future studies should include women from diverse populations, particularly women with comorbidities, medication use, and surgical menopause.
Efficacy of Liver Transplantation in Patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1989)

No controlled trials have been performed to assess the efficacy of liver transplantation. Because of the marked improvement in survival after liver transplantation since 1981, random assignment of patients to a control group not undergoing transplantation is considered clinically inappropriate. To assess the efficacy of liver transplantation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, we compared survival in 161 patients with this diagnosis who had undergone a liver transplantation with survival in patients with the same diagnosis who had been treated conservatively. The comparison was performed with use of a recently developed statistical technique, the Mayo model. All patients had undergone liver transplantation between March 1980 and June 1987 and were followed for a median of 25 months. Three months after liver transplantation, the Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities in the recipients were substantially higher than the Mayo-model "simulated-control" survival probabilities (P less than 0.001). At two years, the Kaplan-Meier survival probability was 0.74, whereas the mean Mayo-model survival probability was 0.31. The patients who were at low risk according to the Mayo model had the best probability of survival after liver transplantation; however, patients at all risk levels who had undergone liver transplantation had higher probabilities of survival that those who had not. We conclude that liver transplantation is an efficacious treatment in patients with advanced primary biliary cirrhosis.
Advanced mask metrology enabling characterization of imprint lithography templates (2005)

Lithography costs for IC production at resolutions of 65-nm and beyond have grown exponentially for each technology node and show no sign of slowing. Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (S-FIL), developed at the University of Texas (UT) uniquely offers IC manufacturers the potential for lower cost of ownership, because S-FIL does not require expensive optics, advanced illumination sources or chemically amplified resists (CAR). The SIA’s addition of Imprint Lithography to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) in 2003, indicates the promise to become a preferred technology and has some compelling advantages over traditional 4X optical lithography. Advanced 90nm binary & phase shift mask processes have been altered using thin Cr (15-nm) & thin e-beam resist (<150nm) resulting in sub 100-nm geometries necessary for S-FIL, and have become the baseline for template manufacture. Commercial production of advanced 1X templates requires CD metrology capability beyond the equipment typically used in 4X mask making. Full commercialization of Imprint Lithography requires not only the ability to generate a 1X template but also a metrology solution that can characterize critical dimension (CD) parameters of the template. Previous published work on S-FIL has focused mainly on high resolution templates produced on 100keV Gaussian pattern generators (PG), and has shown that resolution is only limited by the template. This work demonstrates that an advanced commercial photomask facility can fabricate templates with sub-100 nm critical dimensions, and that the CDs can be characterized using a commercially available CD-SEM metrology tool. CD metrology repeatability of 0.7nm 3&#963; was established on a quartz only template with a 6025 form factor.
Intradermal influenza vaccination of healthy adults using a new microinjection system: a 3-year randomised controlled safety and immunogenicity trial (2009)

(Clinicaltrials.gov) NCT00703651.
Effects of intravenous lipid as a source of energy in parenteral nutrition associated hepatic dysfunction and lidocaine elimination: a study using isolated rat liver perfusion (1997)

The effects on liver function and hepatic lidocaine elimination using 20% Intralipid as a source of non-protein calories (30%) in parenteral nutrition were studied using an isolated rat liver perfusion procedure. Rats were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups: PNL group (n = 6), consisting of 16.94% dextrose, 2.46% Intralipid, and 5.2% amino acids; PN group (n = 5), consisting of 24.2% dextrose and 5.2% amino acids; and CF group (n = 6), chow fed (rat chow and water). The rate of lidocaine metabolism was significantly reduced after 7 d in the two PN treated groups when compared to CF. Steatosis was observed in five out of six PNL treated animals and two out of five PN treated animals. Intrinsic clearance was reduced by 80% in the PNL group and by 60% in the PN animals (p < 0.05). Molar metabolite to drug ratios revealed significant reductions in N-dealkylation, m-hydroxylation, and aryl methyl hydroxylation in groups PNL and PN; these values amounted to 67-92% (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that a dextrose-amino acid solution induced steatosis and reduced the rate of lidocaine metabolism. The incorporation of Intralipid caused further deterioration.
Antigen-driven bystander suppression after oral administration of antigens. (1991)

Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats by the oral administration of myelin basic protein (MBP) is mediated by CD8+ T cells that can be isolated from the spleens of MBP-fed animals. These cells adoptively transfer protection to naive animals subsequently immunized with MBP and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and suppress in vitro MBP proliferative responses. Using a transwell system in which the modulator spleen cells from MBP-fed animals are separated by a semipermeable membrane from responder cells, MBP, or OVA-specific T cell lines, we have found that cell contact is not required for in vitro suppression to occur. In vitro suppression is dependent, however, upon antigen-specific triggering of modulator T cells. Once antigen-specific triggering occurs, suppression across the transwell is mediated by an antigen-nonspecific soluble factor that equally suppresses an MBP line or an ovalbumin (OVA) line. This phenomenon of antigen-driven bystander suppression was also demonstrated in vivo. Specifically, Lewis rats fed OVA which were then immunized with MBP/CFA plus OVA given separately subcutaneously were protected from EAE. Animals fed OVA and then immunized with MBP/CFA without OVA given subcutaneously were not protected. The protective effect of feeding OVA could be adoptively transferred by CD8+ T cells from OVA-fed animals into MBP/CFA plus OVA-injected animals. Feeding bovine serum albumin (BSA) or keyhole limpet hemocyanin did not suppress EAE in animals immunized with MBP/CFA plus OVA. EAE was suppressed, however, if BSA was fed and animals then immunized with MBP/CFA plus BSA given subcutaneously. Antigen-driven bystander suppression appears to be an important mechanism by which antigen-driven peripheral tolerance after oral administration of antigen is mediated, and presumably occurs in the microenvironment accounting for the antigen specificity of suppression generated by oral tolerization to antigens.
Comparing influenza vaccine efficacy against mismatched and matched strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013)

The TIV and LAIV vaccines can provide cross protection against non-matching circulating strains. The point estimates for VE were different for matching versus non-matching strains, with overlapping CIs.
A novel glycosaminoglycan attachment domain identified in two alternative splice variants of human versican (1994)

We have cloned an alternatively spliced glycosaminoglycan attachment domain (GAG-alpha) of human versican from cDNA libraries derived from U251MG glioma cells. Inserted carboxyl-terminal of the hyaluronan-binding region, this domain adds another 987 amino acids to the original versican (V1) core protein giving rise to the large V0 isoform with 3396 amino acids and 17-23 putative glycosaminoglycan attachment sites. The GAG-alpha domain is encoded by exon 7 of the human versican gene (Naso et al., J. Biol. Chem., 32999-33008). Sequence comparisons revealed a slight similarity to the alternative splice domain of PG-M, further supporting the notion that PG-M is the chicken homologue of versican. On immunoblots of a proteoglycan preparation from U251MG culture medium, anti-GAG-alpha antibodies reacted exclusively with the larger of two versican core proteins recognized by antibodies against the original GAG-beta domain. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected both the V0 and V1 isoforms in the cerebral cortex, aorta, intervertebral disc, liver, myometrium, and prostate, whereas keratinocytes exclusively expressed versican V1. In brain tissue, we identified a short versican variant (V2) including only the GAG-alpha domain. By expressing particular splice forms of versican, cells may control the hydration properties of their pericellular hyaluronan coat and thus could modulate interactions with the extracellular matrix or neighboring cells.