gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of β-1,4-galactanase from Aspergillus aculeatus (1999)

Recombinant β-1,4-galactanase from Aspergillus aculeatus has been crystallized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Crystals were obtained in hanging drops by vapour-diffusion under the conditions 30% PEG 400, 0.2 M CaCl 2 and 0.1 M Na HEPES buffered to pH 7.5. The crystals diffract to 2.3 Å resolution and belong to one of the orthorhombic space groups I 222 or I 2 1 2 1 2 1 . The unit-cell dimensions are a = 60.42, b = 88.94 and c = 129.08 Å. With one molecule in the asymmetric unit, the corresponding solvent content is ∼48%.
Best Estimate of Lifetime Psychiatric Diagnosis (1982)

It is important for genetic, epidemiologic, and nosological studies to determine accurate rates of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses in patient and nonpatient populations. As part of a case-control family study of major depression, lifetime psychiatric diagnoses were made for 1,878 individuals. Sources of information used in making diagnostic estimates included direct interview, medical records, and family history data systematically obtained from relatives. Diagnostic estimates were made by trained interviewers, experienced clinicians, and by computer program. The results indicate that it is possible to make lifetime best estimate diagnoses reliably among both interviewed and noninterviewed individuals for most diagnostic categories and that diagnoses based on interview data alone are an adequate substitute for best estimate diagnoses based on all available information in a limited number of diagnostic categories.
Structure of complex flagellar filaments in Rhizobium meliloti (1985)

The complex flagella of Rhizobium meliloti 2011 and MVII-1 were analyzed with regard to serology, fine structure, subunits, and amino acid composition. The serological identities of flagellar filaments of the two strains were demonstrated by double immunodiffusion with antiflagellin antiserum. The filaments had a diameter of 16 nm. Their morphology was dominated by the prominent undulations of an external three-start helix running at a 10-nm axial distance and at an angle of 32 degrees. Faint nearly axial striations indicated the presence of a tubular core of a different helical order. The complex filaments consisted of 40,000-dalton flagellin monomers. Typically, the amino acid composition was 3 to 4% higher in nonpolar residues and 5 to 7% lower in aspartic and glutamic acids (and their amides) than that of plain flagellar proteins. There were no immunochemical relationships among Pseudomonas rhodos, Rhizobium lupini, and R. meliloti complex flagella, suggesting that the latter represent a new class.
Formation of Gold Nanostar-Coated Hollow Mesoporous Silica for Tumor Multimodality Imaging and Photothermal Therapy (2017)

Development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for tumor multimode imaging and therapy is of great necessity. Herein, we report a new type of Au nanostar (NS)-coated, perfluorohexane (PFH)-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocapsule (HMS) modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) for tumor multimode ultrasonic (US)/computed tomography (CT)/photoacoustic (PA)/thermal imaging, and photothermal therapy (PTT). HMSs were first synthesized, silanized to have thiol surface groups, and coated with gold nanoparticles via a Au-S bond. Followed by growth of Au NSs on the surface of the HMSs, encapsulation of PFH in the interior of the HMSs, and surface conjugation of thiolated PEG, multifunctional HMSs@Au-PFH-mPEG NSs (for short, HAPP) were formed and well-characterized. We show that the HAPP are stable in a colloidal manner and noncytotoxic in the studied range of concentrations, possess multimode US/CT/PA/thermal imaging ability, and can be applied for multimode US/CT/PA/thermal imaging of tumors in vivo after intravenous or intratumoral injection. Additionally, the near-infrared absorption property of the HAPP enables the use of the HAPP for photothermal ablation of cancer cells in vitro and a tumor model in vivo after intratumoral injection. The developed multifunctional HAPP may be used as a novel multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform for tumor multimode imaging and PTT.
Detection of novel paraja ring finger 2‐fer tyrosine kinase mRNA chimeras is associated with poor postoperative prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer (2013)

Previously, we reported that the overexpression of fer tyrosine kinase (FER), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is correlated with poor postoperative prognosis and cancer-cell survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we further analyzed FER-overexpressed NSCLC cases and identified various patterns of chimeric mRNAs, composed of paraja ring finger 2 (PJA2) and FER. We detected no genomic rearrangements between PJA2 and FER and attributed these chimeric mRNAs to alterations at the transcriptome level: i.e., trans-splicing. Several chimeric patterns were detected concurrently in each patient, and the pattern sets varied among patients, although the pattern in which PJA2 exon 1 was fused to FER exon 3 (designated as Pe1-Fe3 mRNA) was detected constantly. Therefore, in a wide screening for PJA2-FER mRNAs in NSCLC, we focused on this chimeric pattern as a representative chimera. In analyses of 167 NSCLC samples, Pe1-Fe3 mRNA was identified in about 10% of the patients, and the presence of chimeric mRNA was significantly correlated with a high expression level of parental FER mRNA. Furthermore, we found that the detection of Pe1-Fe3 mRNA was correlated with poor postoperative survival periods in NSCLC, consistent with a previous finding in which FER overexpression was correlated with poor postoperative prognosis in NSCLC. This report is the first to suggest a correlation between chimeric mRNA and the expression level of parental mRNA. Furthermore, our findings may be clinically beneficial, suggesting that PJA2-FER mRNAs might serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.
Core-Shell Structures Formed by the Solvent-Controlled Precipitation of Luminescent CdTe Nanocrystals on Latex Spheres (2001)

Uniform complete shells in one step on a time scale of minutes can be achieved by solvent-controlled precipitation of nanocrystals on the surface of colloidal particles. The thickness of the shells can be effectively controlled through the proper choice of the concentration ratio of colloidal particles serving as cores and the precipitated species. The Figure shows a TEM image of latex spheres covered by uniform shells of CdTe nanocrystals.
Effect of 3′UTR RET Variants on RET mRNA Secondary Structure and Disease Presentation in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (2016)

The RET S836S polymorphism is in LD with 3'UTR variants. In silico analysis indicate that the 3'UTR variants may affect the secondary structure of RET mRNA, suggesting that these variants might play a role in posttranscriptional control of the RET transcripts.
Cross-Reactions between the Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected African and European Patients (1998)

The great variability of protein sequences from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) isolates represents a major obstacle to the development of an effective vaccine against this virus. The surface protein (Env), which is the predominant target of neutralizing antibodies, is particularly variable. Here we examine the impact of variability among different HIV-1 subtypes (clades) on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities, the other major component of the antiviral immune response. CTLs are produced not only against Env but also against other structural proteins, as well as some regulatory proteins. The genetic subtypes of HIV-1 were determined for Env and Gag from several patients infected either in France or in Africa. The cross-reactivities of the CTLs were tested with target cells expressing selected proteins from HIV-1 isolates of clade A or B or from HIV type 2 isolates. All African patients were infected with viruses belonging to clade A for Env and for Gag, except for one patient who was infected with a clade A Env-clade G Gag recombinant virus. All patients infected in France were infected with clade B viruses. The CTL responses obtained from all the African and all the French individuals tested showed frequent cross-reactions with proteins of the heterologous clade. Epitopes conserved between the viruses of clades A and B appeared especially frequent in Gag p24, Gag p18, integrase, and the central region of Nef. Cross-reactivity also existed among Gag epitopes of clades A, B, and G, as shown by the results for the patient infected with the clade A Env-clade G Gag recombinant virus. These results show that CTLs raised against viral antigens from different clades are able to cross-react, emphasizing the possibility of obtaining cross-immunizations for this part of the immune response in vaccinated individuals.
T-cell interaction with ICAM-1/ICAM-2 double-deficient brain endothelium in vitro: the cytoplasmic tail of endothelial ICAM-1 is necessary for transendothelial migration of T cells (2003)

Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and ICAM-2 are both involved in lymphocyte extravasation during immunosurveillance and inflammation. To define their exact role during T-cell extravasation, we used mouse T cells and ICAM-1-/-ICAM-2-/- brain endothelioma cells. ICAM-1-/-ICAM-2-/- brain endothelioma cells did not support transendothelial migration (TEM) of T cells in vitro. Re-expression of different ICAM-1 mutants in the ICAM-1-/-ICAM-2-/- endothelioma line bEndI1/2.1 or in the ICAM-1-/- endothelioma line bEndI1.1 demonstrated that the extracellular domain of ICAM-1 suffices to support T-cell adhesion while the presence of the cytoplasmic tail was strictly required for TEM. Surprisingly, tyrosine phosphorylation of endothelial ICAM-1 was not necessary for TEM of T cells or for Rho guanosine triphosphatase (RhoGTPase) activation. Furthermore, cytoplasmic deletion mutants of ICAM-1 were unable to mediate RhoGTPase activation. Thus, our data demonstrate that the cytoplasmic tail of endothelial ICAM-1-independently from tyrosine phosphorylation-is essential for supporting TEM of T lymphocytes, while Rho signaling is involved in endothelial cells.
ML-236A, ML-236B, and ML-236C, new inhibitors of cholesterogensis produced by Penicillium citrinum. (1976)

Clinical and nutritional studies have indicated that high cholesterol
Impact of Irreversible Retention on Tracer Deployments; Constraining Novel Material Deployments (2017)

Abstract Full field inter well tracer programs have become more and more ubiquitous for effective reservoir surveillance. Novel tracer materials with much higher detectability and lower costs have been actively screened. One of the biggest challenges in deploying novel material types, however, is their elevated irreversible retention to reservoir rocks. Herein we benchmarked traditional inter well tracer chemicals and then the sensitivity of ever-increasing irreversible retention that might be associated with unconventional materials. Using field-scale reservoir simulations with a Langmuir-type tracer irreversible retention model, we rigorously test the limits for tracer irreversible retention in order to have successful inter well tracer test (IWTT). Specifically, we studied the tracer breakthrough peak concentrations as a function of tracer irreversible retention as well as inter well spacing in synthetic waterflood patterns. Custom reservoir simulator functionalities were built to perform the simulations. Additionally, coreflood experiments on common oil field tracers were conducted to acquire independent irreversible retention values and compared to the modeling results. For the reservoir simulations, we first tested the ideal tracer case with no irreversible retention and found perfect agreement with the standard Brigham-Smith model. We then tested for tracer breakthroughs with increasing irreversible retention values and found that the tracer breakthrough peak concentration drops off dramatically. With the consideration that the limit of detection (LOD) of contemporary analytical instruments are at the part per trillion (ppt) level, the simulation results suggested that the tracer irreversible retention should be less than 10 μg/g-rock (mass of adsorbed tracer / mass of rock) in order to have meaningful IWTT with a well spacing of 2000 ft and an injection tracer mass up to 100 kg. Finally, two field tests using fluorobenzoic acid (FBA) based tracers deployed in the highly saline and retentive carbonate reservoirs in Saudi Arabia were compared. The irreversible retention number of the FBA based tracers was estimated to be less than 5 μg/g-rock from the model. Corresponding coreflood experiments for FBA tracers in high temperature and salinity carbonate cores show 0 +/− 10 μg/g-rock irreversible retention number within error ranges, verifying the prediction of our simulation results. This paper broadens the scope of the extensively used Brigham-Smith tracer behavior model by incorporating tracer irreversible retention effects. More accurate design and interpretation of inter well tracer tests may be achieved through the new insights presented. Better waterflood management can then be established because of the reduced uncertainties from the more precise tracer data. In addition, this study set an unambiguous standard for the tolerable irreversible retention limits for any new materials targeting inter well tracing applications.
Selective Bifunctional Modification of a Non-catenated Metal−Organic Framework Material via “Click” Chemistry (2009)

A noncatenated, Zn-based metal-organic framework (MOF) material bearing silyl-protected acetylenes was constructed and postsynthetically modified using "click" chemistry. Using a solvent-based, selective deprotection strategy, two different organic azides were "clicked" onto the MOF crystals, resulting in a porous material whose internal and external surfaces are differently functionalized.
Laboratory Evaluation of New Reusable Blood Glucose Sensor (1988)

An enzyme-electrode sensor designed specifically for pocket-portable self-monitoring of blood glucose is described. The sensing device in this instrument is unique because it is reusable for at least 30 days, at which time it is easily replaced by placing a new enzyme-membrane cartridge over the electrode. As little as 7 microliters of undiluted whole blood, plasma, or serum is applied directly to the sensor, and glucose is automatically determined in 30 s. No manual timing or wiping step is required after sample application. On eight production instruments, plasma glucose concentration was determined (n = 20) at 57, 125, 246, and 347 mg/dl. The average coefficient of variation for the 80 determinations for each instrument ranged from 2 to 5%, averaging 3.7%. The instrument is inherently linear, independent of hematocrit, and without oxygen limitation when dissolved oxygen concentration is greater than 35 mmHg. No interferences were found from plasma constituents, heparin, or acetaminophen.
Trends in Pharmacy Compounding for Women’s Health in North Carolina: Focus on Vulvodynia (2014)

Vulvovaginal symptoms are a common indication for compounding medications in women's health. Further research in understanding the rationale for using compounded medications, even when standard treatments are available for some of these symptoms (eg, vaginal dryness, vulvovaginal infections), is warranted.
Vinblastin-23-oyl amino acid derivatives: chemistry, physicochemical data, toxicity, and antitumor activities against P388 and L1210 leukemias (1985)

The dimeric alkaloids vinblastine (VLB) and vincristine (VCR) differ structurally only in the functional group on the dihydroindole nitrogen. The semisynthetic derivative vindesine (VDS) differs slightly from VLB by having an amide group instead of an ester group. However, these minor distinctions are responsible for profound differences in the oncolytic spectrum, potency, and toxicity of these compounds. Vinblastin-23-oyl amino acid derivatives were synthesized by linking amino acid carboxylic esters to the vinblastin-23-oyl moiety through an amide linkage. Studies were extended to explore the influence of the nature of the amino acid, the ester alkyl chain lengths, the stereoisomerism of the amino acid, or the reacetylation of the hydroxyl group (position O-4) of the vindoline moiety. The present study deals with the synthesis of 21 vinblastin-23-oyl amino acid derivatives, some of their physicochemical data, the acute toxicity in mice, and therapeutic activities of these derivatives against the P388 and L1210 leukemias in comparison with VDS, VBL, and VCR.
The impact of piezoelectric PVDF on medical ultrasound exposure measurements, standards, and regulations (2000)

This paper describes the development of PVDF hydrophones for characterizing medical ultrasound fields. The polymer hydrophone approaches that have resulted from this work are discussed, with emphasis given to the spot-poled membrane design that has become the de facto reference device for these measurements. The various national and international standards and regulations that have followed from the successful use of PVDF hydrophones also are summarized. The works discussed encompass polymer-based hydrophones designed primarily for diagnostic and lithotripsy exposure measurements, both in water and in vivo. The advent of these hydrophones has made possible accurate and reliable measurements of exposure levels encountered in medical ultrasound and, thus, has allowed questions of ultrasound bioeffects and device safety to be addressed in a consistent and scientifically sound manner.
Parallel tempering is efficient for learning restricted Boltzmann machines (2010)

A new interest towards restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) has risen due to their usefulness in greedy learning of deep neural networks. While contrastive divergence learning has been considered an efficient way to learn an RBM, it has a drawback due to a biased approximation in the learning gradient. We propose to use an advanced Monte Carlo method called parallel tempering instead, and show experimentally that it works efficiently.
Novel Flufenamic Acid Analogues as Inhibitors of Androgen Receptor Mediated Transcription (2009)

The androgen receptor (AR), which mediates the signals of androgens, plays a crucial role in prostate-related diseases. Although widely used, currently marketed anti-androgenic drugs have significant side effects. Several studies have revealed that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as flufenamic acid, block AR transcriptional activity. Herein we describe the development of small molecule analogues of flufenamic acid that antagonize AR. This novel class of AR inhibitors binds to the hormone binding site, blocks AR transcription activity, and acts on AR target genes.
Electrochemical oxygen technology (1992)

Oxygen Electrochemistry. Preparation and Properties of Oxygen Electrodes. Fuel Cells. Metal/Air Batteries. Oxygen Recombination in Batteries. Industrial Electrochemistry. Concluding Remarks. Appendix. Index.
Octadienyl-bridged bimetallic complexes of palladium as intermediates in telomerization reactions of butadiene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOctadienyl-bridged bimetallic complexes of palladium as intermediates in telomerization reactions of butadieneArno Behr, Godard V. Ilsemann, Wilhelm Keim, Carl Krueger, and Yi Hung TsayCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 3, 514–518Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00134a020https://doi.org/10.1021/om00134a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nucleotide sequence of rat liver HMG1 cDNA (1987)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of rat liver HMG1 cDNA Get access Giacomo Paonessa, Giacomo Paonessa European Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasse 1, 6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rainer Frank, Rainer Frank European Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasse 1, 6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Riccardo Cortese Riccardo Cortese European Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasse 1, 6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 15, Issue 21, 11 November 1987, Page 9077, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/15.21.9077 Published: 11 November 1987 Article history Received: 02 October 1987 Published: 11 November 1987
Apolipoprotein E Containing High Density Lipoprotein Stimulates Endothelial Production of Heparan Sulfate Rich in Biologically Active Heparin-like Domains (1999)

Reduced heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (PG) have been observed in both inflammation and atherosclerosis. Methods to increase endogenous heparin and heparan sulfate are not known. We found that incubation of endothelial cells with 500-1,000 micrograms/ml high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased 35SO4 incorporation into PG by 1.5-2.5-fold. A major portion of this increase was in HS and was the result of increased synthesis. Total PG core proteins were not altered by HDL; however, the ratio of 35SO4 to [3H]glucosamine was increased by HDL, suggesting increased sulfation of glycosaminoglycans. In addition, HDL increased the amount of highly sulfated heparin-like HS in the subendothelial matrix. HS from HDL-treated cells bound 40 +/- 5% more 125I-antithrombin III (requires 3-O sulfated HS) and 49 +/- 3% fewer monocytes. Moreover, the HS isolated from HDL-treated cells inhibited smooth muscle cell proliferation (by 83 +/- 5%) better than control HS (56 +/- 6%) and heparin (42 +/- 6%). HDL isolated from apolipoprotein E (apoE)-null mice did not stimulate HS production unless apoE was added. ApoE also stimulated HS production in the absence of HDL. ApoE did not increase 35SO4 incorporation in macrophages and fibroblasts, suggesting that this is an endothelial cell-specific process. Receptor-associated protein inhibited apoE-mediated stimulation of HS only at higher (20 micrograms/ml) doses, suggesting the involvement of a receptor-associated protein-sensitive pathway in mediating apoE actions. In summary, our data identify a novel mechanism by which apoE and apoE-containing HDL can be anti-atherogenic. Identification of specific apoE peptides that stimulate endothelial heparin/HS production may have important therapeutic applications.