gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quercetin arrests human leukemic T-cells in late G1 phase of the cell cycle. (1992)

The effect of quercetin, a flavonoid found in many plants, on the proliferation of human leukemic T-cells was analyzed. Quercetin reversibly blocked the cell cycle at a point 3-6 h before the start of DNA synthesis. Expression of the growth-related genes histone H4, cyclin A and B, and p34cdc2 was suppressed in cells blocked with quercetin. Comparison of the quercetin arrest points with those of the cell cycle inhibitors aphidicolin and mimosine revealed a temporal order of arrest points in G1 of quercetin, mimosine, and aphidicolin. Mimosine and aphidicolin did not inhibit the expression of cyclin A or p34cdc2, whereas all three reagents inhibited expression of cyclin B. Low concentrations of the protein inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited release of the quercetin but not the mimosine or aphidicolin block. A [35S]methionine-labeled M(r) 60,000 protein disappeared in quercetin-treated cells and was rapidly synthesized after removal of quercetin, suggesting the possibility that the M(r) 60,000 protein induces DNA synthesis after the cell is released from a quercetin block. These results suggest the usefulness of quercetin in studies of the regulation of late G1 phase.
Exponential stability of time-varying linear systems (2010)

Journal Article Exponential stability of time-varying linear systems Get access Adrian T. Hill, Adrian T. Hill * Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK *Corresponding author: masath@bath.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Achim Ilchmann Achim Ilchmann Institute of Mathematics, Technical University Ilmenau, Weimarer Straße 25, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany, achim.ilchmann@tu-ilmenau.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, Volume 31, Issue 3, July 2011, Pages 865–885, https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/drq002 Published: 11 May 2010 Article history Received: 16 May 2009 Accepted: 03 November 2009 Published: 11 May 2010
A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor as a potential modulator of cancer therapies. (1993)

Since several anticancer drugs are known to become more cytotoxic to cells in an acidic milieu, we have attempted to utilize the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Acetazolamide, to acidify the blood and tumor of C3H mice bearing the FSaIIC fibrosarcoma in order to sensitize tumor cells in vivo to CDDP, Melphalan, BCNU, SR4233 or PtCl4 (Fast Black)2 +/- hyperthermia. The direct cytotoxic interactions between the anticancer drugs and Acetazolamide were tested in FSaIIC cells in vitro with the monacidifying diuretic Chlorothrozide as a control. When cells were exposed to CDDP both diuretics protected against cytotoxicity in a dose dependent fashion. In contrast, cells exposed to Melphalan were minimally sensitized and those exposed to BCNU, SR4233, or PtCl4 (Fast Black)2 were essentially unaffected by the presence of the diuretic agents. Both diuretics were essentially non-toxic to cells in vitro, and, interestingly, both drugs markedly protected cells against hyperthermia under low pH conditions. In vitro, however, Acetzolamide produced a tumor growth delay of 2.3 days alone when given at 10 mg/kg i.p. once (the most effective dose) and produced additive growth delays with CDDP and Melphalan, but probably greater than additive delays with SR4233 and PtCl4 (Fast Black)2. When Acetazolamide was given daily for 5 days starting on the day the anticancer drugs were given once (day 7) essentially no further increase in tumor growth delay of nearly 16 days was observed versus only 4,6 days for the drug alone. When hyperthermia (43 degrees C min.) was delivered locally to the tumor after i.p. injection of the drugs, further growth delays were produced for every drug combination which probably were additive in extent. Blood and urine pH determinations revealed that a pH drop of 1 units occurred in the blood and a pH elevation of 1 to 21 units occurred in the urine 1 hr. after i.p. injection of Acetazolamide. These results indicate that this carbonic anhydrase inhibitor can add to the anticancer activity of the drugs tested. The mechanism may involve its ability to acidify the intratumoral environment, but other mechanisms can not be excluded.
The advance of the state in China: the power of ideas (2015)

Two combinations of four characters have much to reveal about change in the Chinese economy. In 2004, Hong Kong economist Larry Lang raised the alarm about corrupt management buyouts (MBOs) of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and applied the phrase ‘retreat of the state, advance of the private sector’ (guotui minjin 国退民进) to the ills of SOE privatization. Lang's public skewering of refrigerator tycoon Gu Chujun for acquiring state assets at below market value stirred controversy on the mainland, leading ultimately to Gu's arrest and an end to officially sanctioned MBOs. A few years later, the same characters arranged in slightly different order described a very different trend. In the wake of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, a series of high-profile takeovers of private enterprises by China's central-level SOEs gave rise to a new, and quickly ubiquitous, phrase: ‘advance of the state, retreat of the private sector’ (guojin mintui 国进民退). In the span of less than a decade, in other words, hand-wringing about the Chinese economy has come full circle. Whereas concern once focused on curtailing private entrepreneurs' predations in the weakened state sector, policy debate now centres on how to shield private enterprises from the unwanted advances of massive and centrally backed SOEs (yangqi 央企). What has happened?
A large-area plasma source excited by a tunable surface wave cavity (1999)

A large-area high-density microwave plasma is successfully generated at low pressure by a tunable surface wave cavity which consists of a 12 period vane-type slow wave structure. This cavity is operated in the π mode and resonant at 2.45 GHz. The plasma area is in excess of 50 cm×25 cm with a uniformity of ±10% at pressures less than 30 mTorr. A plasma surface wave has been excited so that a plasma density as high as 1.0×1012 cm−3 can be achieved at 30 mTorr for a microwave power of 2.0 kW. The plasma temperature is ∼1.5 eV and the plasma potential is ∼12 V. Above all, the number of the periods of the π-mode cavity can be increased without changing the resonance frequency and the distribution of the microwave fields such that this plasma source is easy to up-scaled.
Water’s size-dependent freezing to cubic ice (2005)

Water has been occasionally found to freeze to cubic ice. To investigate this occurrence thermodynamically, we use the known enthalpy and interfacial energy of hexagonal and cubic ices and calculate a critical radius r(c) of appromximately 15 nm for a water droplet and a critical thickness delta(c) of approximately 10 nm for water's flat film. Accordingly, water droplets smaller than 15 nm radius and films thinner than 10 nm would freeze to cubic ice in the 160-220 K range and bigger droplets and thicker films would freeze to hexagonal ice. This provides a thermodynamic basis for the occasionally found presence of cubic ice in the atmosphere, and explains why water's nanometer-sized clusters and water confined to nanometer-sized pores freeze to cubic ice. Conditions for cubic ice-hexagonal ice phase inversion have been discussed. Impurities in water and different extents of proton ordering in the crystallites of cubic and hexagonal ices would have a significant effect on r(c) and delta(c).
A phase 1 trial of donor lymphocyte infusions expanded and activated ex vivo via CD3/CD28 costimulation (2005)

Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) induce potent graft versus tumor (GVT) effects for relapsed chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) but are disappointing for other diseases. Disease resistance can occur if donor T cells are not appropriately activated in vivo. Ex vivo T-cell activation might overcome disease-induced anergy and augment GVT activity. We performed a phase 1 trial of ex vivo-activated DLI (aDLI) for 18 patients with relapse after SCT. Activated donor T cells are produced through costimulation with anti-CD3- and anti-CD28-coated beads. Patients with aggressive malignancies received induction chemotherapy, and all patients received conventional DLI (median, 1.5 x 10(8) mononuclear cells/kg) followed 12 days later by aDLI. Activated DLI was dose escalated from 1 x 10(6) to 1 x 10(8) CD3+ cells per kilogram in 5 levels. Seven patients developed acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) (5 grade I-II, 2 grade III), and 4 developed chronic GVHD. Eight patients achieved complete remission, including 4 of 7 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 2 of 4 with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 1 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 1 of 2 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Four complete responders relapsed while 4 remain alive in remission a median 23 months after aDLI. Overall, 10 of 18 remain alive 11 to 53 months after aDLI. Adoptive transfer of costimulated activated allogeneic T cells is feasible, does not result in excessive GVHD, and may contribute to durable remissions in diseases where conventional DLI has been disappointing.
Interleukin (IL)‐3/granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor/IL‐5 receptor alpha and beta chains are preferentially expressed in acute myeloid leukaemias with mutated FMS‐related tyrosine kinase 3 receptor (2008)

The common beta chain subunit (beta(c)), also known as CDw131, shared by the interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocytic macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-5 receptors, is required for high-affinity ligand binding and signal transduction. The present study explored the expression of CDw131 in 105 de novo cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The levels of CDw131 expression were used to identify two AML subgroups characterized by low (75/105) and high (30/105) expression of this receptor chain. It was observed that (i) the level of CDw131 expression strictly correlated with the level of CD116 (GM-CSFalpha receptor chain) and CD123 (IL-3Ralpha chain); (ii) AMLs with high CDw131 expression were characterized by low CD34 expression and usually high CD11b, CD14 expression; (iii) AMLs with high CDw131 expression frequently co-expressed receptors for angiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor R2, Tie-2); (iv) AMLs with high CDw131 expression were more cycling than those with low CDw131 expression; (v) AMLs with high CDw131 frequently displayed Feline Murine Sarcoma (FMS-related) tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplication and constitutively activated Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-5 (STAT5). In conclusion, the analysis of the level of CDw131 expression enabled the identification of a subset of AMLs characterized by a high cycling status, the expression of myelo-monocytic markers, mutated FLT3 and the co-expression of receptors for angiogenic growth factors. These findings are of value for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these AMLs.
The synergistic effect of selective sigma receptor agonists and uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists in the forced swim test in rats. (2006)

Data acquired to date show that some sigma receptor ligands reveal "antidepressant-like" activity in the forced swim test in mice and rats. Moreover, our preliminary results suggested that joint administration of sigma receptor ligands and amantadine (AMA, a glutamatergic/NMDA receptor antagonist) caused a positive interaction in the Porsolt test in rats, as had already been observed in the case of co-treatment with clinically active antidepressants and AMA. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of combined administration of sigma1 or sigma2 receptor agonists, SA4503 or siramesine, respectively, and AMA or memantine (MEM) (uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist). SA4503 or siramesine given jointly with MEM (as well as with AMA) decreased the immobility time in rats. The effect of SA4503 and AMA co-administration was antagonized by progesterone, a sigma1 receptor antagonistic neurosteroid. Combined treatment with siramesine and AMA was modified by neither progesterone nor BD1047 (a novel sigma antagonist with preferential affinity for sigma1 sites); but it was counteracted by sulpiride and prazosin (a dopamine D2- and an alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, respectively). The "antidepressant-like" effect induced by siramesine and MEM was not antagonized by progesterone, but was attenuated by BD1047, sulpiride and prazosin. The obtained results give support to the hypothesis that sigma (particularly sigma1) receptors may be one of the possible mechanisms by which drugs induce antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim test, and that this effect may be enhanced by NMDA receptor antagonists. Combined treatment with sigma ligands and AMA or MEM (applied in the clinic) may be an alternative to the treatment of antidepressant-resistant depressive patients in the future.
A clinical index predicting mortality with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia (2002)

The aim of this study was to define risk factors associated with mortality in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bactaeremia and to combine them in a clinical index predicting the risk of death. The study investigated 125 consecutive episodes of P. aeruginosa bacteraemia at this hospital. Crude mortality was 34%, corresponding to 43 patients who died, with 67% of deaths, directly attributable to bacteraemia. A regression logistic model identified five variables that were independently and significantly associated with an increased risk of death: 1) hospitalisation in the intensive care unit; 2) coagulopathy; 3) septic shock; 4) age > or = 65 years; and 5) the clinical condition of the patient. These variables were as recorded at the time that the first positive blood culture was obtained. The sensitivity and specificity of a prediction of death based on the model were 84% and 85%, respectively. An index score, calculated from these variables, divided patients into three groups with increasing likelihood of mortality resulting from P. aeruginosa bacteraemia.
Evaluation of Resistance as a Measure of Successful Tumor Ablation During Irreversible Electroporation of the Pancreas (2013)

Mean change in tumor tissue resistance and the slope of the resistance curve could be used intraoperatively to assess successful tumor ablation during IRE. Larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to determine if these parameters can be used to predict DFS.
Isolation and characterization of the novel polyadenylate- and polyuridylate-degrading acid endoribonuclease V from calf thymus. (1980)

A novel endoribonuclease was detected and purified to homogeneity from calf thymus. The homogeneity was checked by analysis in polyacrylamide gels (both in the presence and in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate) as well as by isoelectric focusing. This nuclease activity, which is called Endoribonuclease V, cleaves poly(A) and poly(U); other single- or double-stranded synthetic polyribo- as well as polydeoxyribonucleotides are not degraded. Endoribonuclease V cleaves poly(A) to create first oligoribonucleotides and ultimately 3'-AMP; no P-2':3'-Ado degradation products were detected. The enzyme has a pH optimum of 5.8, an isoelectric point of pH 6.3, a molecular weight of 52,300, and requires neither monovalent nor divalent cations. The enzyme activity is not inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide.
Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide: From Basic Science to Therapeutic Applications (2006)

The heme oxygenases, which consist of constitutive and inducible isozymes (HO-1, HO-2), catalyze the rate-limiting step in the metabolic conversion of heme to the bile pigments (i.e., biliverdin and bilirubin) and thus constitute a major intracellular source of iron and carbon monoxide (CO). In recent years, endogenously produced CO has been shown to possess intriguing signaling properties affecting numerous critical cellular functions including but not limited to inflammation, cellular proliferation, and apoptotic cell death. The era of gaseous molecules in biomedical research and human diseases initiated with the discovery that the endothelial cell-derived relaxing factor was identical to the gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO). The discovery that endogenously produced gaseous molecules such as NO and now CO can impart potent physiological and biological effector functions truly represented a paradigm shift and unraveled new avenues of intense investigations. This review covers the molecular and biochemical characterization of HOs, with a discussion on the mechanisms of signal transduction and gene regulation that mediate the induction of HO-1 by environmental stress. Furthermore, the current understanding of the functional significance of HO shall be discussed from the perspective of each of the metabolic by-products, with a special emphasis on CO. Finally, this presentation aspires to lay a foundation for potential future clinical applications of these systems.
Training algorithms for linear text classifiers (1996)

Systems for text retrieval, routing, categorization and other IR tasks rely heavily on linear classifiers. We propose that two machine learning algorithms, the Widrow-Hoff and EG algorithms, be used in training linear text classifiers. In contrast to most IR methods, theoretical analysis provides performance guarantees and guidance on parameter settings for these algorithms.
Urinary Angiotensinogen as a Novel Early Biomarker of Intrarenal Renin^|^ndash;Angiotensin System Activation in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes (2012)

Urinary excretion of albumin (UAlb) is used clinically as a marker of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Although DN was thought to be a unidirectional process, recent studies demonstrated that a large proportion of patients diagnosed with DN reverted to normoalbuminuria. Moreover, despite the normoalbuminuria, one-third of them exhibited reduced renal function even during the microalbuminuric stage. This study was performed to investigate whether urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT) level may serve as a useful marker of the early stage of experimental type 1 diabetes (T1DM). T1DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Control mice were injected with citrate buffer. Two days after streptozotocin injection, half of the mice received continuous insulin treatment. Our data showed that UAlb excretion was increased 6 days after streptozotocin injection compared to controls, whereas UAGT excretion was increased at an earlier time point. These increases were reversed by insulin treatment. The UAGT to UAlb ratio was increased in diabetic mice compared to control mice. Furthermore, the increased AGT expression in the kidneys was observed in diabetic mice. These data suggest that UAGT might be useful as a novel early biomarker of activation of the renin-angiotensin system in experimental type 1 diabetes.
Endothelial Cell Binding to Dacron Modified with Polyethylene Oxide and Peptide (1994)

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was incorporated into the surface of Dacron (PET) vascular prosthetic material (crimped Bionit I, BNl) followed by covalent attachment of an endothelial cell (EC) adhesion peptide; Gly-Arg-Glu-Asp-Val-Tyr (GREDVY). This procedure provides the possibility of a surface selective for EC adherence. Optimal PEO incorporation with minimal fiber damage was achieved from 78% (vol) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, bromphenol blue staining, and tensile testing. By weight, there was 4.4 times as much 18.5kD PEO as 1.5kD PEO incorporated into PET, but there were 2.8 times as many molecules of low molecular weight PEO. Attachment of 125I-GREDVY to substrates increased as follows: BNJ < BNI - 18.5 kD PEO < BNI - 1.5 kD PEO. Polyethylene oxide size affected EC binding with high molecular weight material decreasing binding and low molecular weight PEO increasing attachment. GREDVY modification of BNI or either of the two BNI-PEOs gave small but consistently increased EC binding compared with the same preparation without GREDVY. In contrast, human fibroblasts cultured from umbilical vein showed decreased binding when GREDVY was attached to BNI or PEO modified BNI. These results indicate that selective EC binding to PET vascular prostheses can be achieved.
Recurrent pneumonia in a patient with new coronavirus infection after discharge from hospital for insufficient antibody production: a case report (2020)

COVID-19 relapse may occur in a part of discharged patients with low titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. These patients should be maintained in isolation for longer time even after discharge. A more sensitive method to detect SARS-CoV-2 needs to be established and serological testing for specific antibodies may be used as a reference to determine the duration of isolation.
종설 : 신경종양학 분야에서 항경련제의 임상적 적용 (2009)

Epileptic seizures are common in patients with brain tumor, even if the tumor is under control. Miltiple factors affect the mechanism of seizure in brain tumors, including changes of morphology, pH, ion level, amino acid, and enzyme in peritumoral brain tissue, role of glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) receptor, damage of peritumoral brain immunology, and change of intercellular communication. Additionally, traditional anti-epileptic drug(AED) can cover only a few mechanisms of epileptogensis in brain tumors. Tumor progression or recurrence may make seizures reappear during AED. Owing to combined treatment modality with chemotherapy or other drugs, insufficient levels of AEDs have been reported in the many patients with brain tumor. Therefore, comprehensive understand about pathophysiology of epileptogensis in the brain tumor and drug interactions between AEDs and other drugs, which are widely used in the field of neurooncology, can give an aids to manage brain tumor related epilepsy.