gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sn/SnOx Core−Shell Nanospheres: Synthesis, Anode Performance in Li Ion Batteries, and Superconductivity (2010)

Sn/SnOx core−shell nanospheres have been synthesized via a modified polyol process. Their size can be readily controlled by tuning the usage of surface stabilizers and the temperature. Anode performance in Li ion batteries and their superconducting properties is detailed. As anode materials, 45 nm nanospheres outperform both larger and smaller ones. Thus, they exhibit a capacity of about 3443 mAh cm−3 and retain about 88% of after 10 cycles. We propose a model based on the microstructural evolution to explain the size impact on nanosphere performance. Magnetic measurements indicate that the nanospheres become superconducting below the transition temperature TC = 3.7 K, which is similar to the value obtained in bulk tin. Although TC does not significantly change with the size of the Sn core, we determined that the critical field HC of nanospheres can be as much as a factor of 30 larger compared to the bulk value. Alternating current measurements demonstrated that a transition from conventional to filamentary superconducting structure occurs in Sn/SnOx particles as their size increases. The transition is determined by the relationship between the particle size and the magnetic field penetration depth.
Randomized Comparison of Fluorouracil Plus Cisplatin Versus Hydroxyurea as an Adjunct to Radiation Therapy in Stage IIB-IVA Carcinoma of the Cervix With Negative Para-Aortic Lymph Nodes: A Gynecologic Oncology Group and Southwest Oncology Group Study (1999)

This study demonstrates that for patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix, the combination of 5-FU and CF with RT offers patients better PFS and overall survival than HU, and with manageable toxicity.
Neoplastic transformation of immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes by ionizing radiation. (1990)

Efforts to investigate the progression of events that cause human cells to become neoplastic in response to ionizing radiation have been aided by the development of tissue culture systems of epithelial cells. In the present study, nontumorigenic human epidermal keratinocytes immortalized by adenovirus type 12 and simian virus 40 have been transformed by exposure to x-ray irradiation. Such transformants showed morphological alterations, formed colonies in soft agar, and induced carcinomas when transplanted into nude mice, whereas primary human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to radiation in this manner failed to show any evidence of transformation. These findings demonstrate the malignant transformation of human primary epithelial cells in culture by the combined action of a DNA tumor virus and radiation, indicating a multistep process for radiation-induced neoplastic conversion. This in vitro system may be useful as a tool for dissecting the process of radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of human epithelial cells and for detecting previously unreported human oncogenes.
Effect of temperature on hybridoma cell cycle and MAb production (1992)

The kinetics of growth and antibody formation of an anti-interleukin-2 producing hybridoma line were studied in suspension culture at temperatures ranging from 34 degrees C to 39 degrees C. Flow cytometry was used to determine the effect of temperature on the cell cycle. Maximum cell density and monoclonal antibody yield were observed at 37 degrees C. The specific monoclonal antibody production rate was approximately constant throughout each batch experiment. Lower temperatures caused cells to stay longer in the G(1)-phase of the cell cycle, but temperature had only a marginal effect on the specific antibody production rate. Arresting of cells in the G(1)-phase by means of temperature was, therefore, not suited for enhanced monoclonal antibody production. Rather, antibody production for this hybridoma was directly linked to viable cell concentration.
Mechanisms of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Science (2008)

1. Historical development D. R. London 2. Molecular and cell biology J. R. E. Davies 3. Hereditary disease G. Anderson, J. F. J. Morrison and A. F. Markham 4. Autoimmune disease A. P. Weetman 5. Allergy A. J. Frew, P. Bradding, S. L. Johnson, P. Lackie, A. Semper, J. Shute, A. F. Walls and S. T. Holgate 6. Infection J. G. P. Sissons and D. Wilks 7. Metabolic disorders: diabetes S. Robinson and D. G. Johnston 8. Cardiovascular disease: atherosclerosis A. Gaw, G. M. Lindsay and J. Shephard 9. Cardiovascular disease: heart failure A. M. Heagerty 10. Neurogenerative disorders: Alzheimer's disease P. G. Ince 11. Neurogenerative disorders: Parkinson's disease D. J. Burn 12. Neoplasia H. S. Pandha and K. Sikora 13. Toxic mechanisms: drugs M. Pirmohamed, B. K. Park and A. M. Breckenridge 14. Toxic mechanisms: alcohol J. Neuberger 15. Diet and disease G. Neale 16. Trauma R. A. Little Index.
Experimental Transplantation of Corneal Epithelium-like Cells Induced by Pax6 Gene Transfection of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

The purified corneal epithelium-like cells derived from ES cells transfected with pax6 gene adapted to the injured cornea and were kept alive on it. These results suggested application of ES cell-derived corneal epithelial cells for treating corneal injuries.
General principles of scanning tunneling optical microscopy (1989)

A homogeneous propagating wave falling onto submicrometer objects is partially diffracted into evanescent waves. The use of a scattering probe of subwavelength size can convert the evanescent waves into homogeneous ones and make their detection possible. The resulting propagating waves can then provide information about the subwavelength object. Relations with preliminary experiments are discussed.
Whole wafer imprint patterning using step and flash imprint lithography: a manufacturing solution for sub-100-nm patterning (2007)

Imprint lithography has been shown to be an effective technique for the replication of nano-scale features<sup>1</sup>. When the imprint material is a UV cross linkable liquid, it is possible to perform the patterning process at room temperature and ambient pressure, which enables good pattern fidelity, short processing times, and reduced process defectivity<sup>2</sup>. Imprinting whole wafers using drop on demand dispense techniques offers improved throughput and nanopatterning over wafer topography which can exceed 10 &#956;m. Template fabrication of arbitrary whole wafer patterns offers unique challenges for 1x feature fabrication. The resolution and pattern area of the imprint approach is strictly dependent on the ability to create a 1X master template. This paper provides a detailed description of whole wafer templates, imprint patterning processes, and etch processes that have been employed to create a whole wafer archetype process through hard mask patterning. Particular attention is given to high volume manufacturing focused on whole wafer template fabrication, throughput and pattern fidelity. Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (S-FIL<sup>TM</sup>) makes use of templates that can be fabricated with the same patterning and etch transfer processes that are used for manufacturing phase-shifting photo masks. In the case of whole wafer templates the master die pattern is fabricated using conventional techniques. The replicate template carries the full wafer die pattern imprinted by step and repeat using the master. The S-FIL/R process can be used for patterning the replicate template<sup>3</sup>. The structure, pattern fidelity and critical dimension uniformity of the master and replicate templates and patterned wafer is shown to be within measurement errors.
Structural Optimization and Biological Evaluation of Substituted Bisphenol A Derivatives as β-Amyloid Peptide Aggregation Inhibitors (2010)

The aggregation of Abeta is a crucial step in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. Our previous work showed that Abeta undergoes alpha-helix/beta-sheet intermediate structures during the conformational transition, and an Abeta aggregation inhibitor (1) was discovered by targeting the intermediates. Here, structure optimization toward compound 1 was performed and 34 novel derivatives were designed and synthesized. Nine compounds showed more effective inhibitory activity than the hit compound 1 in ThT fluorescence assay. Among them, compound 43 demonstrated more excellent inhibitory potency, which not only can suppress the aggregation of Abeta but also can dissolve the preformed fibrils as shown by CD spectroscopy, PICUP and AFM assays. Cellular assay indicated that 43 has no toxicity to neuronal cells, moreover, can effectively inhibit Abeta(1-42)-induced neutrotoxicity and increase the cell viability. Together, on the basis of these positive results, these novel chemical structures may provide a promising potential for therapeutic applications in AD and other types of neurodegenerative disorders.
Consensus Development Conference on Antipsychotic Drugs and Obesity and Diabetes (2004)

We appreciate the opportunity to comment on the letters that have been received in response to our recent consensus statement on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes.

Before addressing the specific issues raised in each of these letters, I think it is important to note why the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and other organizations produce consensus statements (1). As stated in our clinical practice recommendations, “the need for a consensus statement arises when clinicians or scientists desire guidance on a subject for which there is a relative deficiency of comprehensive evidence that might otherwise allow for a more definitive statement to be made.” Therefore, it should be noted that such statements represent the expert opinion of the panel based on the presentations they heard, the literature they reviewed, and the considerable discussion among panel members while writing the statement. If there was a reasonable number of randomized control trials on the subject, there would be no need for a consensus statement, but rather the associations would issue an official “Position Statement” or clinical guideline. Thus, a consensus statement can be viewed as an expert recommendation that often precedes more definitive recommendations …
Rigidity of elastomeric impression materials (1989)

The rigidity of an impression material should be less than a certain value in order that excessive forces are not required when taking impressions of undercut areas. Conversely, the impression should be sufficiently rigid to withstand the weight of stone whilst pouring the cast without distortion. This paper describes a method of determining elastic modulus values at times as early as the setting time of the material. Results indicate that the elastic modulus values increase from the setting time to 30 min after the start of mix. Values are presented for a representative range of elastomeric impression materials.
New targets and new mechanisms in lung cancer. (2013)

With the advent of the importance of histology in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the development of targeted agents that work on newly found mutations, the field of lung cancer therapy has greatly changed. In addition to new uses of chemotherapeutics and targeted agents, the possibilities of immunotherapy are also being explored. This review will describe the well-known use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies; the current uses of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors; newer agents being used against MET, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and other intracellular targets; insights regarding the field of immunotherapy in lung cancer; and finally, newer developments in chemotherapy.
Transport of lactate and acetate through the energized cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli (1995)

Escherichia coli produces lactate and acetate in significant amounts during both aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis. A model describing the mechanism of protein mediated lactate transport has previously bee proposed. A simple theoretical analysis here indicates that the proposed model would be drain cellular energy resources by catalytically dissipating the proton-motive force. An experimental analysis of lactate and acetate transport employ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to measure the relative concentration of these end products on the two sides of the cytoplasmic membrane of anaerobically glycolyzing cells. Comparison of measured concentration rations to those expected at equilibrium for various transport modes indicates that acetate is a classical uncoupling agent, permeating the membrane oat comparable rates in the dissociated and undissociated forms. The lactate concentration ratio changes market markedly after an initial period of sustained glycolysis. This change is most readily explained as resulting from a lactate transport system that responds to an indicator of glycolytic activity. The data further indicates that lactate permeates the membrane in both dissociated and undissociated forms. Both acids, then are capable of catalytically dissipating the proton-motives force. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ocular delivery of cyclosporine A based on glyceryl monooleate/poloxamer 407 liquid crystalline nanoparticles: preparation, characterization,in vitrocorneal penetration and ocular irritation (2012)

The purpose of this study was to develop an ophthalmic drug delivery system for cyclosporine A (CsA) based on glyceryl monooleate (GMO)/poloxamer 407 liquid crystalline nanoparticles with reduced ocular irritancy and improved corneal penetration. CsA-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles were prepared via fragmentation of a bulk GMO/poloxamer 407 cubic phase gel by high-pressure homogenization and characterized. Corneal permeation and retention was evaluated using modified Franz diffusing cells. Intra-corneal transportation was investigated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled liquid crystalline nanoparticles. Ocular irritation was then evaluated using the Draize method. The mean particle size of liquid crystalline nanoparticles was 193.5 nm and the entrapment efficiency was 95.11 ± 0.67%. A bicontinuous cubic phase of cubic P-type was determined using cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) observation and small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD) analysis. A 1.52-fold increase in J(s) and a 2.2-fold increase in corneal retention was achieved by liquid crystalline nanoparticles compared with oil solution. In vitro corneal permeation investigated with FITC-labeled liquid crystalline nanoparticles revealed that CsA penetrated across the cornea under the transportation of liquid crystalline nanoparticles. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles exhibited excellent ocular tolerance in the ocular irritation test. This low-irritant vehicle based on liquid crystalline nanoparticles might be a promising system for effective ocular CsA delivery.
Enkephalins and exorphins oxidation by tyrosinase. (1989)

Tyrosinase activity was tested on some tyrosine-containing peptides (enkephalins and exorphins). All they are substrates for tyrosinase, showing a good affinity for the enzyme, in some cases higher than tyrosine itself. Aminoacid analysis after hydrolysis of long-lasting incubation mixtures of tyrosinase with Leu-enkephalin in presence of reductants demonstrates the formation of DOPA. The production of a new peptide containing DOPA derived from the oxidation of Leu-enkephalin was revealed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Holographic transmission elements using improved photopolymer films (1991)

Volume phase holographic gratings provide the high diffraction efficiency often required from holographic optical elements. In order to provide wide angular bandwidth, high index modulation is also required. A new addition to the family of Du Pont holographic photopolymer films has significantly higher index modulation for the grating spacings typical of holographic transmission elements. In this paper, the recording of volume phase transmission gratings in this holographic photopolymer is described. The dependence of holographic properties on exposure conditions, grating characteristics, and processing are discussed. The performance characteristics of holographic optical elements produced in this material are also presented.
Electrodeposition of Pd nanoparticles on single-walled carbon nanotubes for flexible hydrogen sensors (2007)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes on thin plastic substrates have been decorated with Pd nanoparticles through a simple electrochemical deposition process and have been used to fabricate high-performance hydrogen sensors with excellent mechanical flexibility. The typical flexible sensors exhibit sensitivity (i.e., the change of resistance) of ∼75% for 0.05% hydrogen in air and response time of ∼3s for 1% hydrogen at room temperature. The performance of the as-fabricated devices keeps essentially unchanged even when they are bent to curving profile with bending radius of 7.5mm and after they are operated for 2000cycles of bending/relaxing.
MATHEMATICAL BASIS OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS (1996)

The present paper explains some general basic formulas concerning quantum Monte Carlo simulations, symplectic integration and other numerical calculations. A generalization of the BCH formula is given with an application to the decomposition of exponential operators in the presence of small parameters.
Suzuki Porphyrins:  New Synthons for the Fabrication of Porphyrin-Containing Supramolecular Assemblies (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSuzuki Porphyrins: New Synthons for the Fabrication of Porphyrin-Containing Supramolecular AssembliesAlison G. Hyslop, Matthew A. Kellett, Peter M. Iovine, and Michael J. TherienView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 48, 12676–12677Publication Date (Web):November 21, 1998Publication History Received9 July 1998Published online21 November 1998Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja982410hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja982410hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2776Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Cross coupling reaction,Organic compounds,Pyrroles,Reagents Get e-Alerts
A system for indoor 3D mapping and virtual environments (1997)

The key to navigate in a 3-D environment or designing autonomous vehicles that can successfully maneuver and manipulate objects in their environment is the ability to create, maintain, and use effectively a 3-D digital model that accurately represents its physical counterpart. Virtual exploring of real places and environments, either for leisure, engineering design, training and simulation, or tasks in remote or hazardous environments, is more effective and useful if geometrical relationships and dimensions in the virtual model are accurate. A system which can rapidly, reliably, remotely and accurately perform measurements in the three-dimensional space for the mapping of indoor environments is needed for many applications. In this paper we present a mobile mapping system that is designed to generate a geometrically precise three-dimensional model of an unknown indoor environment. The same general design concept can be used for environments ranging from simple office hallways to long winding underground mine tunnels. Surfaces and features can be accurately mapped from images acquired by a unique configuration of different types of optical imaging sensor and dead reckoning positioning device. This configuration guarantees that all the information required to create the three-dimensional model of the environment is included in the collected data. Sufficient overlaps between two-dimensional intensity images, in combination with information from three-dimensional range images, insure that the complete environment can be accurately reconstructed when all the data is simultaneously processed. The system, the data collection and processing procedure, test results, the modeling and display at our virtual environment facility are described.
Overexpression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in the skin of transgenic mice interferes with hair follicle development. (1994)

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) was initially discovered as the cause of the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Subsequently, the PTHrP gene has been shown to be expressed in a wide variety of normal tissues, including skin. Because the biological function of PTHrP in skin remains unknown, we used the human keratin 14 promoter to target overexpression of PTHrP to the skin of transgenic mice. We achieved a 10-fold level of overexpression in skin, and human keratin 14 promoter-PTHrP transgenic mice displayed a disturbance in normal hair follicle development. These mice either failed to initiate follicle development or showed a delay in the initiation of follicles. These findings suggest that PTHrP normally plays a role in the early stages of hair follicle development and support previous speculation that the peptide may function in regulating cellular differentiation.