gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Individual expression of influenza virus PA protein induces degradation of coexpressed proteins (1995)

In the process of in vivo reconstitution of influenza virus transcriptase-replicase complex, an inhibitory effect was observed when the level of PA protein expression was increased. This inhibition was paralleled by a decrease in the accumulation of the other influenza virus core proteins. The sole expression of PA protein was sufficient to reduce the accumulation level of the proteins encoded by the coexpressed genes. The PA effect was observed upon influenza virus and non-influenza virus proteins and independently of the expression system chosen and the origin of cell line used. The expression of PA protein did not induce variations in the translation of the target proteins but did induce variations on their half-lives, which were clearly reduced. A functional PA subunit seems to be necessary to induce this negative effect, because an inactive point mutant was unable to decrease the steady-state levels or the half-lives of the reporter proteins. The PA effect was observed as early as 5 h after its expression, and continuous synthesis of proteins was not required for performance of its biological activity. The results presented represent the first biological activity of individually expressed PA polymerase subunit.
Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Sudden Death in Young People (1988)

From 1979 to 1986, we conducted postmortem studies of 60 persons under 35 years of age who had died suddenly in the Veneto Region of northeastern Italy. Unexpectedly, we found that 12 subjects--7 males and 5 females ranging in age from 13 to 30 years--had morphologic features of right ventricular cardiomyopathy. This disorder had not been diagnosed or suspected before the subjects died. In five cases, sudden death was the first sign of disease; the remaining seven subjects had a history of palpitation, syncopal episodes, or both, and in five of those seven, ventricular arrhythmias had previously been recorded on electrocardiographic examination. Ten of the subjects had died during exertion. At autopsy, the subjects' heart weights were normal or moderately increased. Two main histologic patterns were identified--a lipomatous transformation or a fibrolipomatous transformation of the right ventricular free wall (6 cases each); in all cases, the left ventricle was substantially spared. Signs of myocardial degeneration and necrosis, with or without inflammatory infiltrates, were occasionally observed. These findings indicate that right ventricular cardiomyopathy, the cause of which is still unknown, may be more frequent than previously thought. At least in this area of Italy, it may represent an important cause of sudden death among young people.
Mimicking the Structure of the V3 Epitope Bound to HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies (2009)

The third variable region (V3) of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 is a target for virus neutralizing antibodies. The V3 sequence determines whether the virus will manifest R5 or X4 phenotypes and use the CCR5 or CXCR4 chemokine coreceptor, respectively. Previous NMR studies revealed that both R5- and X4-V3 peptides bound to antibodies 0.5beta and 447-52D form beta-hairpin conformations with the GPGR segment at the turn. In contrast, in their free form, linear V3 peptides and a cyclic peptide consisting of the entire 35-residue V3 loop were highly unstructured in aqueous solution. Herein we evaluated a series of synthetic disulfide constrained V3-peptides in which the position of the disulfide bonds, and therefore the ring size, was systematically varied. NMR structures determined for singly and doubly disulfide constrained V3-peptides in aqueous solution were compared with those found for unconstrained V3(JRFL) and V3(IIIB) peptides bound to 447-52D and to 0.5beta, respectively. Our study indicated that cyclic V3 peptides manifested significantly reduced conformational space compared to their linear homologues and that in all cases cyclic peptides exhibited cross-strand interactions suggestive of beta-hairpin-like structures. Nevertheless, the singly constrained V3-peptides retained significant flexibility and did not form an idealized beta-hairpin. Incorporation of a second disulfide bond results in significant overall rigidity, and in one case, a structure close to that of V3(MN) peptide bound to 447-52D Fab was assumed and in another case a structure close to that formed by the linear V3(IIIB) peptide bound to antibody 0.5beta was assumed.
Handbook on Clostridia (2005)

Clostridia is one of the largest bacterial genera with an enormous potential for biotechnical and medical applications. Despite growing scientific, medical, and industrial interest, information on basic methods, biochemical fundamentals, clinical practice, industrial applications, and novel developments remains scattered in a variety of research ar
Thymidylate synthase level as the main predictive parameter for sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil, but not for folate-based thymidylate synthase inhibitors, in 13 nonselected colon cancer cell lines. (1999)

Thymidylate synthase (TS), a critical enzyme in the de novo synthesis of thymidylate, is an important target for fluoropyrimidines and folate-based TS inhibitors. In a panel of 13 nonselected human colon cancer cell lines, we evaluated the role of TS levels in sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and four folate-based TS inhibitors that have been introduced recently into the clinic: ZD1694 (Tomudex, Raltitrexed, TDX), GW1843U89 (GW), LY231514 (LY), and AG337 (Thymitaq, AG). Because the latter compounds have different transport and polyglutamylation characteristics, we also related these parameters with drug sensitivity, measured by the sulforhodamine B assay after 72 h of drug exposure. For 5FU, the IC50s varied from 0.8 to 43.0 microM. Leucovorin (LV) potentiated the activity of 5FU in only 4 of 13 cell lines. Sensitivity to folate-based TS inhibitors was variable; IC50s were in the range of: 5.3-59.0 nM TDX; 11.0-1570 nM LY; and 0.5-8.9 nM GW. Eleven of 13 cell lines had an IC50 for AG between 1.3 and 5.3 microM. Two cell lines were resistant to AG, Colo201 and SW1116, with IC50s of 27 and 29 microM, respectively. TS catalytic activity (conversion of dUMP to dTMP) varied from 62 to 777 pmol/h/10(6) cells. The number of FdUMP binding sites varied from 32 to 231 fmol/10(6) cells. Regression analysis showed a significant relation between TS catalytic activity and IC50s for 5FU and 5FU/LV. Kis for FdUMP showed a significant Spearman rank correlation with the IC50s of AG and GW. The role of antifolate transport, accumulation, and polyglutamylation was determined with [3H]methotrexate (MTX) as a reference compound. [3H]MTX influx via the reduced folate carrier varied from 18.6 to 150 fmol/10(6) cells/min. Folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) activity showed a range from 47 to 429 pmol/10(6) cells/h. A total of 24 h of [3H]MTX accumulation showed a 20-fold variation, from 1.2 to 21.8 pmol/10(6) cells. FPGS levels showed a Spearman rank positive correlation with cytotoxicity to TDX. In conclusion, in a heterogeneous nonselected human colon cancer cell line panel, the best predictor for sensitivity to 5FU and 5FU/LV was TS activity. Multiple sensitivity determinants were of importance for antifolate TS inhibitors, including FPGS activity and TS enzyme kinetics.
A state-based approach to the representation and recognition of gesture (1997)

A state-based technique for the representation and recognition of gesture is presented. We define a gesture to be a sequence of states in a measurement or configuration space. For a given gesture, these states are used to capture both the repeatability and variability evidenced in a training set of example trajectories. Using techniques for computing a prototype trajectory of an ensemble of trajectories, we develop methods for defining configuration states along the prototype and for recognizing gestures from an unsegmented, continuous stream of sensor data. The approach is illustrated by application to a range of gesture-related sensory data: the two-dimensional movements of a mouse input device, the movement of the hand measured by a magnetic spatial position and orientation sensor, and, lastly, the changing eigenvector projection coefficients computed from an image sequence.
Properties of new sorbents containing activated carbon-PHEMA-PEG. (1985)

A new immobilized powder activated carbon system was developed. In this approach, highly biocompatible hydrophilic polymer gels, namely polyHEMA and PEG, were used as support. The sorbents were produced by radiation-induced polymerization of HEMA in super-cooled media. The polymer composites obtained by using different ratios of ingredients (HEMA, PEG and AC) and by changing the radiation dose period, were in the form of, almost, spherical black gels having different elasticities. Equilibrium adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate the sorption capacities of both powder and immobilized activated carbon. The comparative performance characteristics of the hemoperfusion columns filled with either granules or immobilized carbons were obtained for creatinine. Fresh human blood was used to study the biocompatibility of immobilized carbon samples. The surface morphology and the pore structure of the gels were evaluated by means of Scanning Electron Microphotography and Optical Microphotography. According to the experimental results, it was concluded that this new type of immobilized activated carbon system seems to be more attractive for hemoperfusion applications due to having comparatively higher adsorption rates and very good blood compatibility as well as simple and uniformly reproducible method of production.
Structural and Immunological Studies on the Pneumococcal C Polysaccharide (1967)

Abstract 1. The C polysaccharide from pneumococci has been fractionated by gel filtration and by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl Sephadex. The results show that this material is composed of fractions ranging in molecular weight from 65,000 to over 200,000. Furthermore it was noted that all fractions contained the same hexosamine and amino acid components, but in markedly different proportions. 2. When the C polysaccharide is treated with trichloracetic acid it is cleaved into two main fractions, one of which is a 95% polymer of N-acetylgalactosamine phosphate. A similar polymer has been isolated in pure form from the detritus of autolyzed pneumococcal cells. This polymer is the major serological determinant of the pneumococcal C polysaccharide, and reacts with the human C-reactive protein. 3. By treatment of the C polysaccharide with periodate it has been possible to obtain a polymer containing only the components of mucopeptide. This mucopeptide is an active but minor pneumococcal antigen. It has been shown that there exists in human pleural and peritoneal fluids an enzyme or a set of enzymes capable of selectively removing the peptide from the pneumococcal mucopeptide. By the action of this enzyme it has been possible to prepare a polymer which on acid hydrolysis yields only muramic acid, muramic acid phosphate, and glucosamine, but no amino acids. This polymer fails to react with the pneumococcal antiserum studied, suggesting that the specificity of the antiserum is directed to the peptide moiety of the mucopeptide.
Recombinant Soluble P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1-Ig Reduces Restenosis Through Inhibition of Platelet-Neutrophil Adhesion After Double Angioplasty in Swine (2001)

P-selectin antagonism with rPSGL-Ig inhibits early platelet/leukocyte adhesion on injured arteries and reduces restenosis through a positive impact on vascular remodeling. Hence, rPSGL-Ig may have potential in the prevention of restenosis.
The Organization of Computer Resources into a Packet Radio Network (1977)

Packet radio communications provides an effective way to interconnect fixed and mobile computer resources. The ALOHA System at the University of Hawaii first introduced this capability in the context of a single-hop system using off-the-shelf RF equipment with all terminals within line of sight of the central station. The packet radio network described in this paper is 1) an extension of the basic Hawaii work to a geographically distributed system involving the use of repeaters to achieve area coverage beyond line of sight, and 2) provides added capabilities for authentication, antijam protection, and coexistence with other possibly different systems in the same band. An overview of the packet radio system concept is given in this paper.
Overexpression of a glutamate receptor (GluR2) ligand binding domain in Escherichia coli : Application of a novel protein folding screen (1997)

Expression of the S1S2 ligand binding domain [Kuusinen, A., Arvola, M. & Keinänen, K. (1995) EMBO J. 14, 6327-6332] of the rat alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-selective glutamate receptor GluR2 in Escherichia coli under control of a T7 promoter leads to production of >100 mg/liter of histidine-tagged S1S2 protein (HS1S2) in the form of inclusion bodies. Using a novel fractional factorial folding screen and a rational, step-by-step approach, multiple conditions were determined for the folding of the HS1S2 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid binding domain. Characterization of the HS1S2 ligand binding domain showed that it is water-soluble, monomeric, has significant secondary structure, and is sensitive to trypsinolysis at sites close to the beginning of the putative transmembrane regions. Application of a fractional factorial folding screen to other proteins may provide a useful means to evaluate E. coli as an economical and convenient expression host.
Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing: A Handbook of Models, Programs, and Exercises (1989)

This book presents the official, formal definition of the programming language ML including the rules for grammar and static and dynamic semantics. ML is the most well-developed and prominent of a new group of functional programming languages. On the cutting edge of theoretical computer science, ML embodies the ideas of static typing and polymorphism and has also contributed a number of novel ideas to the design of programming languages.Contents: Syntax of the Core. Syntax of Modules. Static Semantics for the Core. Static Semantics for Modules. Dynamic Semantics for Modules. Programs.Appendixes: Derived Forms. Full Grammar. The Initial Static Basis. The Initial Dynamic Basis. The Development of ML.
Preliminary results of myoblast injection into the urethra and bladder wall: A possible method for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence and impaired detrusor contractility (2000)

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of myoblasts, the precursors of muscle fibers, injected periurethrally as a potential treatment of stress urinary incontinence. We also studied myoblast injection into the bladder wall to potentially improve detrusor contractility. A myoblast cell line was transduced with adenovirus carrying the expression of the beta-galactosidase reporter gene while in culture. The cells were incubated with fluorescent latex microspheres (FLMs) to follow the outcome of the injected cells. The tissue was harvested 3-4 days after injection; sectioned, fixed, assayed for beta-galactosidase expression, and counterstained with H+E. Photographs of the slides were taken under light and fluorescence microscopy. We have noted a large number of cells expressing beta-galactosidase and containing FLMs in the urethral and bladder walls under fluorescent microscopy (8 animals). Many regenerative myofibers expressing beta-galactosidase were also seen in the urethral and bladder walls. The fusion of injected myoblasts to form myotubes was seen in both the urethral and bladder walls. The introduction of myoblasts into the urethral and bladder wall is feasible and results in formation of myotubes and myofibers in the smooth muscle layers of the lower urinary tract. We hypothesize that myoblast injections can be used as a non-allergenic agent to enhance urethral closure and bladder function.
Seizure control by ketogenic diet-associated medium chain fatty acids (2012)

The medium chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diet is used extensively for treating refractory childhood epilepsy. This diet increases the plasma levels of medium straight chain fatty acids. A role for these and related fatty acids in seizure control has not been established. We compared the potency of an established epilepsy treatment, Valproate (VPA), with a range of MCT diet-associated fatty acids (and related branched compounds), using in vitro seizure and in vivo epilepsy models, and assessed side effect potential in vitro for one aspect of teratogenicity, for liver toxicology and in vivo for sedation, and for a neuroprotective effect. We identify specific medium chain fatty acids (both prescribed in the MCT diet, and related compounds branched on the fourth carbon) that provide significantly enhanced in vitro seizure control compared to VPA. The activity of these compounds on seizure control is independent of histone deacetylase inhibitory activity (associated with the teratogenicity of VPA), and does not correlate with liver cell toxicity. In vivo, these compounds were more potent in epilepsy control (perforant pathway stimulation induced status epilepticus), showed less sedation and enhanced neuroprotection compared to VPA. Our data therefore implicates medium chain fatty acids in the mechanism of the MCT ketogenic diet, and highlights a related new family of compounds that are more potent than VPA in seizure control with a reduced potential for side effects. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'New Targets and Approaches to the Treatment of Epilepsy'.
Corrosion Behavior in 3.5% NaCl Solutions of γ-TiAl Processed by Electron Beam Melting Process (2015)

In this work, the corrosion behavior of γ-TiAl alloy produced by electron beam melting (EBM) process in 3.5% NaCl solution was reported. The study has been performed using potentiodynamic polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques and complemented by scanning electron microscopy investigations. All measurements were carried out after different periods of alloy exposure in the chloride solutions and at different temperatures. The results showed that the EBM produced γ-TiAl alloy has excellent corrosion resistance confirmed by the high values of polarization resistance and the low values of corrosion current and corrosion rate. With increase in immersion time, the corrosion potential moved to a higher positive value with a decrease in corrosion current and corrosion rate, which suggests an improvement in corrosion resistance. On the other hand, the increase of temperature was found to significantly increase the corrosion of the processed γ-TiAl alloy.
Hydroxylated Quantum Dots as Luminescent Probes for in Situ Hybridization (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHydroxylated Quantum Dots as Luminescent Probes for in Situ HybridizationSrikant Pathak, Soo-Kyung Choi, Norman Arnheim, and Mark E. ThompsonView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Program University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 90089 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 17, 4103–4104Publication Date (Web):April 7, 2001Publication History Received28 November 2000Published online7 April 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0058334https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0058334rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4593Altmetric-Citations530LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Genetics,Hybridization,Probes,Quantum dots Get e-Alerts
Glutamate is the Afferent Neurotransmitter in the Human Cochlea (2000)

Glutamate, the most important afferent neurotransmitter in the auditory system, is thought to be the afferent transmitter between the cochlear inner hair cells and afferent neurons, hitherto visualized only in the cochlea of animal species. It has been identified for the first time in sections from the human inner ear. L-glutamate, NMDAR2B and the enzyme glutamine synthetase were identified by using monoclonal antibodies. The distribution pattern of the transmitter L-glutamate in the human cochlea is similar to that observed in other mammals. L-glutamate was identified adjacent to outer and inner hair cells and in the spiral ganglion. Similar distributions were found for glutamine synthetase and the ionotropic NMDA receptor subunit NMDAR2. The identification of neurotransmitters and their receptors in the human cochlea has implications for the pharmacotherapy of inner ear diseases.
Gene electro-transfer of an improved erythropoietin plasmid in mice and non-human primates (2005)

The modified EPO gene yields higher levels of circulating transgene product and a more significant biological effect than the wild-type gene in all the species tested, thus showing great potential in clinically developable gene therapy approaches for EPO delivery.
Lunar far-side communication satellites (1967)

This report discusses a lunar communication satellite relaying signals to and from points up to 200 km above the lunar far-side surface.Two lunar satellite geometries a r e considered, namely, a libration point satellite anchored 65,000 km behind the moon and a 1000-km lunar-orbiting relay satellite.
Landscape ecological planning method based on artificial fish-swarm neural network (2011)

Revised adaptive artificial fish-school algorithm(RAAFSA) is developed for method of landscape ecological planning.Making RAAFSA-BP models,this paper plans and estimates the city landscape.The result shows that this algorithm improves generalization capacity and forecast accuracy.It gives out an effective way for landscape pattern forecasting,simulation,analysis and landscape planning.