gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Acidification in Atopic Eczema: An Underexplored Avenue for Treatment (2015)

Atopic dermatitis is a form of dermatitis commonly seen in children and adults. Its pathophysiology is complex and is centered on the barrier function of the epidermis. An important aspect of the skin's barrier is pH, which in turn affects a number of parameters such as the skin flora, protease function, and mediators of inflammation and pruritus. Normal pH for non-neonatal skin is acidic and ranges from 4 to 6. Skin pH in atopic dermatitis patients is often increased into the neutral to basic range, and the resulting cascade of changes contributes to the phenotype of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, the maintenance of normal skin pH remains an important topic in understanding and treating atopic dermatitis. This article will review skin pH and its impact on normal barrier function, pathological pH changes in atopic dermatitis, and the therapeutic considerations related to restoring and maintaining pH balance.
Seminal reactive oxygen species as predictors of fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rates after conventional in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2003)

High seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) are related to poor semen quality and impaired fertilization. We aimed at finding whether there is an association between ROS and fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rates after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In prepared semen of 147 male partners of infertile couples, ROS were assessed with luminol chemiluminescence. Spermiogram was assessed in native semen. ROS were negatively correlated with standard sperm characteristics and testicular volume, and positively with abnormal sperm head morphology. Fertilization rate and embryo morphology on day 2 and on day 4 were assessed in 41 IVF and 106 ICSI cycles. The influence of maternal (female age and number of oocytes) and paternal (sperm motility, morphology and ROS) factors on fertilization and embryo quality were assessed by means of regression analyses. After IVF, fertilization and pregnancy rates were negatively associated with ROS level (p = 0.031 and 0.041, respectively). In case of higher ROS, significantly fewer ICSI-derived embryos (p = 0.036) reached the morula-blastocyst stage on day 4. High seminal ROS levels are associated with impaired sperm fertilizing ability and lower pregnancy rates after IVF. In ICSI, a negative association of ROS with embryo development to the blastocyst stage has been observed.
Phialophora richardsiae . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]. (1991)

Abstract A description is provided for Phialophora richardsiae . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Man (causing mycoses). DISEASE: Chromomycosis (phaeohyphomycosis), often reported as causing phaeomycotic cysts; records of various cutaneous, pulmonary and bone infections and a lachrymal stone (RMVM 13, 587). Also isolated as a soft rot of wood and treated timber (ROPP 53, 4625; 60, 2827; 67, 4682) and an agent in blueing of timber (see Cole &amp; Kendrick, 1973). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: China, Japan, Malaysia; Europe: France, Netherlands, Sweden; North America: Canada, USA (Florida, Illinois); Australasia: Australia (New South Wales). TRANSMISSION: Apparently infection is from external sources following cutaneous trauma, e.g. wood splinters (RMVM 18, 1710) or thorns (RMVM 15, 1442); the fungus may either remain localized at the point of entry, or may spread via the lymphatic system to cause systemic infection. The fungus is widespread in soils etc.
Transfer learning for WiFi-based indoor localization (2008)

The WiFi-based indoor localization problem (WILP) aims to detect the location of a client device given the signals received from various access points. WILP is a complex and very important task for many AI and ubiquitous computing applications. A major approach to solving this task is through machine learning, where upto-date labeled training data are required in a large scale indoor environment. In this paper, we identify WILP as a transfer learning problem, because the WiFi data are highly dependent on contextual changes. We show that WILP can be modeled as a transfer learning problem for regression modeling, where we identify several important cases of knowledge transfer that range from transferring the localization models over time, across space and across client devices. We also share our working experience in WILP and transfer learning research in a realistic problem solving setting, and discuss a data set we have made public for advancing this research.
A type II DNA-binding protein genetically engineered for fluorescence spectroscopy: the "arm" of transcription factor 1 binds in the DNA grooves (1989)

We examined the fluorescence properties of a mutant TF1 protein (transcription factor 1; a member of the type II class of DNA-binding proteins, DBPII) containing tryptophan in place of phenylalanine (TF1-W61) at position 61 in the "arms" of the protein dimer. The time-resolved fluorescence (excited at 295 nm) of Trp61 decays as a double exponential with lifetimes and amplitudes that are comparable to those found in other tryptophan-containing proteins and peptides, and the time-resolved fluorescence polarization decay indicates that the tryptophan residue possesses considerable internal flexibility, in agreement with crystal studies of the homologous HU protein. The tryptophan emission is quenched when TF1-W61 binds to DNA, and equilibrium studies based on fluorescence show that the nonspecific binding affinity of the TF1-W61 mutant to DNA is similar to that of wild-type TF1. Comparison of the time-resolved fluorescence decay and steady-state fluorescence intensity reveals at least two general classes of Trp61 in the DNA complexes. One class of tryptophans is partially quenched, and the extent of quenching in the complexes with various natural DNAs and synthetic double-stranded polynucleotides correlates with the spectral overlap between tryptophan emission and DNA absorption, indicating that through-space excitation energy transfer contributes to the observed quenching. Comparisons between experimentally determined energy transfer rates and model calculations suggest that the Trp61 is located in one of the DNA grooves at a distance of less than 7.5 A from the DNA helix axis. The second class of Trp61 is "totally" quenched, and we attribute this to tryptophan residues that are in direct contact with the DNA bases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sterically stabilized liposomes: improvements in pharmacokinetics and antitumor therapeutic efficacy. (1991)

The results obtained in this study establish that liposome formulations incorporating a synthetic polyethylene glycol-derivatized phospholipid have a pronounced effect on liposome tissue distribution and can produce a large increase in the pharmacological efficacy of encapsulated antitumor drugs. This effect is substantially greater than that observed previously with conventional liposomes and is associated with a more than 5-fold prolongation of liposome circulation time in blood, a marked decrease in uptake by tissues such as liver and spleen, and a corresponding increased accumulation in implanted tumors. These and other properties described here have expanded considerably the prospects of liposomes as an effective carrier system for a variety of pharmacologically active macromolecules.
Efficiency and Cost Analysis of Cell Saver Auto Transfusion System in Total Knee Arthroplasty (2014)

Cell saver systems do not decrease the amount of allogenic blood transfusion and costs more. Therefore, the routine usage of the auto-transfusion systems is a controversial issue. Cell saver system usage does not affect allogenic blood transfusion incidence or allogenic blood transfusion volume. It was found that preoperative haemoglobin and body mass index rates may affect allogenic blood transfusion. Therefore, it is foreseen that auto-transfusion systems could be useful in patients with low haemoglobin level and body mass index.
Amplification-Free Library Preparation for Paired-End Illumina Sequencing (2011)

The library preparation step is of critical importance for the quality of next-generation sequencing data. The use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a part of the standard Illumina library preparation protocol causes an appreciable proportion of the obtained sequences to be duplicates, making the sequencing run less efficient. Also, amplification introduces biases, particularly for genomes with high or low GC content, which reduces the complexity of the resulting library. To overcome these difficulties, we developed an amplification-free library preparation. By the use of custom adapters, unamplified, ligated samples can hybridize directly to the oligonucleotides on the flowcell surface.
Synthesis and Some Stereochemical Aspects of Carbon-methylated Piperazine Quaternary Salts and Related Compounds (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Some Stereochemical Aspects of Carbon-methylated Piperazine Quaternary Salts and Related CompoundsM. Harfenist and E. MagnienCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 23, 6257–6261Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01556a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01556a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Introduction to 3D Computer Vision Techniques and Algorithms (2009)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;present basic low-level image processing operations for image matching, including a separate chapter on image matching algorithms;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#13;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;explain scale-space vision, as well as space reconstruction and multiview integration;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#13;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;demonstrate a variety of practical applications for 3D surface imaging and analysis;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#13;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;provide concise appendices on topics such as the basics of projective geometry and tensor calculus for image processing, distortion and noise in images plus image warping procedures.&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; &#13;\n&#13;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Computer vision encompasses the construction of integrated vision systems and the application of vision to problems of real-world importance. The process of creating 3D models.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#13;\n&#13;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Computer vision encompasses the construction of integrated vision systems and the application of vision to problems of real-world importance. The process of creating 3D models is still rather difficult, requiring mechanical measurement of the camera positions or manual alignment of partial 3D views of a scene. However using algorithms, it is possible to take a collection of stereo-pair images of a scene and then automatically produce a photo-realistic, geometrically accurate digital 3D model.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#13;\n&#13;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the methods, theories and algorithms of 3D computer vision. Almost every theoretical issue is underpinned with practical implementation or a working algorithm using pseudo-code and complete code written in C++ and MatLab®. There is the additional clarification of an accompanying website with downloadable software, case studies and exercises. Organised in three parts, Cyganek and Siebert give a brief history of vision research, and subsequently: &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; &#13;\n&#13;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;An Introduction to 3D Computer Vision Algorithms and Techniques&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; is a valuable reference for practitioners and programmers working in 3D computer vision, image processing and analysis as well as computer visualisation. It would also be of interest to advanced students and researchers in the fields of engineering, computer science, clinical photography, robotics, graphics and mathematics.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
The Lysosomal Protein Saposin B Binds Chloroquine (2015)

Chloroquine (CQ) has been widely used in the treatment of malaria since the 1950s, though toxicity and resistance is increasingly limiting its use in the clinic. More recently, CQ is also becoming recognized as an important therapeutic compound for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and has shown activity as an anticancer agent. However, the full extent of CQ pharmacology in humans is still unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that the lysosomal protein saposin B (sapB), critical for select lipid degradation, binds CQ with implications for both CQ function and toxicity. Using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence quenching experiments, CQ was shown to bind to the dimeric form of sapB at both pH 5.5 and pH 7.4 with an average binding affinity of 2.3×10(4) m(-1). X-ray crystallography confirmed this, and the first complete crystal structure of sapB with a bound small molecule (CQ) is reported. The results suggest that sapB might play a role in mitigating CQ-based toxicity and that sapB might itself be overwhelmed by CQ causing impaired lipid degradation.
LiBOB as Electrolyte Salt or Additive for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on LiNi[sub 0.8]Co[sub 0.15]Al[sub 0.05]O[sub 2]/Graphite (2010)

The potential use of lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) as electrolyte salt or additive for lithium-ion batteries has been investigated. The electrochemical performances of (NCA) and graphite in different electrolyte formulations were studied by galvanostatic techniques and cyclic voltammetry. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermal gravimetry (TG), coupled with mass spectrometry, was employed in studying the thermal behavior of charged electrodes in the presence of an electrolyte. The addition of 2 wt % LiBOB to the state-of-the-art electrolytes suffices to form a stable solid electrolyte interface film, thus protecting the graphite from partial exfoliation. The LiBOB graphite cells exhibited a much lower irreversible capacity in the first cycle in comparison with the pure electrolyte. NCA has a better cycling stability in LiBOB when compared to the electrolytes. Also, the discharge capacities obtained at different C-rates between C/5 and 5C were superior to those obtained in if charging at a C/5 rate. NCA/graphite complete cells in LiBOB cycled with coulombic efficiencies comparable to the state-of-the-art electrolytes. The DSC/TG measurements showed that LiBOB significantly improves the thermal stability of the graphite in the PC-containing electrolytes. LiBOB shifts the oxygen release from the NCA layered structure to much higher temperatures in comparison with the electrolyte.
Two-dimensional optical processing using one-dimensional input devices (1984)

Two-dimensional optical processing architectures that are implemented with one-dimensional input spatial light modulators are reviewed. The advanced state of the art of available one-dimensional devices and the flexibility that exists in the design of two-dimensional architectures with one-dimensional transducers leads to the implementation of the most powerful and versatile optical processors. Signal and image processing architectures of this type are discussed.
National Ignition Facility scale hohlraum asymmetry studies by thin shell radiography (2001)

A necessary condition for igniting indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsules on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is controlling drive asymmetry to the 1% level [S. W. Haan, S. M. Pollaine, J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2480 (1995)]. Even flux-asymmetry modes (e.g., Legendre modes P2, P4, P6, and P8) must be reduced by hohlraum design and laser beam pointing. Odd flux-asymmetry modes (e.g., Legendre modes P1, P3, P5, etc.) are theoretically removed by reflection symmetry across the hohlraum midplane [S. M. Pollaine and D. Eimerl, Nucl. Fusion 38, 1523 (1998)], but will be produced by power imbalance, laser beam pointing errors, and target fabrication errors. An experimental campaign is now being conducted on the University of Rochester’s Omega laser to measure higher order (P4 and higher) flux asymmetry modes inside hohlraums that approximate the conditions of a NIF hohlraum during the 90 eV early drive phase [S. W. Haan, S. M. Pollaine, J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2480 (1995)]. These experiments use a new point-projection backlighting technique [O. L. Landen, D. R. Farley, S. G. Glendinning et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 627 (2001)] to cast high quality 4.7 keV radiographs of thin 2 mm diameter Ge-doped CH shells designed to enhance sensitivity to drive asymmetries. Distortions in the position of the limb of the shells resulting primarily from drive asymmetries are measured to an accuracy of 2 μm. The linearity and sensitivity of thin imploding shells to flux asymmetry makes it possible to achieve this degree of accuracy, which is sufficient for NIF ignition symmetry tuning. The promising results to date permit the comparison of measured and predicted distortions and, by inference, drive asymmetries for the first eight asymmetry modes.
Edward S. Curtis's Photographs: Post-Modernism, Re-enactment, and Contextual Value (2003)

In this innovative piece, Anthropology senior Courtney Stoll takes on both the post-modernist critique of traditional ethnography and the work of Edward Curtis, famo us for his turn-o f-the-century photographs of Native Americans.Courtney's indignation for the most radical anthropological critics of ethnography shines through in her elegant but methodologically detailed analysis of whether or not there is anything to be salvaged in the salvage ethnography which was the raison d'etre for Curtis's work and photographs.Stoll argues that if the post-modernist critiques of ethnography were applied to Curtis's work, his photographs would be of no value today as representations of Native American turn-of-the-century lifeways.Subjectively constructed, his portrayals purposefully left out details of Westernization, including Western clothing that Native Americans wore, as well as such Western items as clocks, parasols, etc, which he ro utinely air-brus hed out of the photographs.He also sometimes dressed his subjects from his own stock of Native American costumes, and added atmosphere by means of soft touches on the negatives.Through meticulous research in the ethnographies of the period, Courtney compares detail of dress and ritual costume found there with the clothing worn by some of the Native American individuals in Curtis's portrayals.Concerning Curtis's work, he concludes that such fine -grained analysis reveals what items of apparel were still owned and worn by Native Americans of the time period .This finding demon trates, in turn, that much can indeed be learned from such early visual anthropology.Ultimately, Stoll's work critiques the post-modern critics for failing to follow up their rhetoric with such in-depth, but time-consuming analyses ash r own. 4
Treatment of severe, recalcitrant, chronic plaque psoriasis with fumaric acid esters: a prospective study (2009)

FAE is a useful alternative treatment option in patients with severe, treatment-resistant, chronic plaque psoriasis and can allow dose reduction, and subsequent cessation, of other, potentially more toxic agents.
Air drying method using nitrous oxide for chromosome counting in maize (1999)

Nitrous oxide (N2O), colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and temperature pretreatments (cold and cold-hot-cold) were compared for chromosome counting in maize (Zea mays L.). Pretreated root tips were prepared by enzymatic maceration and air drying, and the number of countable figures and mitotic indexes were recorded. N2O treatment at 10 atm for 3 hr produced the largest number of countable chromosome figures (266.5 per preparation) and an average of 44.2 nonoverlapped chromosome figures per preparation. Treatment with 0.04% 8-hydroxyquinoline for 3 hr exhibited a moderate number of countable chromosome figures (53.9 per preparation). The effects of colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl and temperature pretreatments were limited.
Cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes of Tat from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV‐1) (1993)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome codes for trans-activator Tat, an 86-residue protein whose expression is critical for viral replication. Full-length Tat and Tat peptides from HIV-1 were chemically synthesized using optimized solid phase technique. Synthetic Tat2-86 was found not only to inhibit antigen-induced human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation in vitro, as described by Viscidi et al. [1989, Science 246, 1606-1608], but also mitogen-induced PBL proliferation, with 50% inhibition obtained at 0.9 and 8 microM, respectively. To assess the mechanism by which Tat exert its inhibitory effect, we analysed its interaction and effect on CD4(+)-cells. Direct fluorescence and indirect immunofluorescence assays analysed by flow cytometry showed that fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled and -unlabeled Tat interact (> 0.2 microM) with CD4-expressing lymphoid cells (CEM cell line). Experiments of chromium-51 release and Trypan blue exclusion on these tumor cells in vitro have demonstrated the capacity of Tat to modify cellular membrane permeability and cell viability, in a dose-dependent manner. The use of Tat peptides revealed that those containing the Tat basic region from 49 to 57 were able to bind to the cell membrane and to exhibit a cytotoxic activity on lymphocytes. Together, the data suggest that the potential cytotoxicity of Tat on lymphocytes could be directly implicated in virus-induced immune dysfunction observed in HIV-1 infected patients.
FDTD analysis of a circular coaxial feeder for reflector antenna (2002)

In the frame of the ARTEMIS Program, sponsored by ESA, Alenia have developed a coaxial horn able to generate in the S-band a dual circular polarized signal. The circular polarization was excited within the horn by using four probes suitably fed by a square coaxial network. The horn behavior was experimentally optimized in terms of matching and radiation characteristics. In parallel, a model based on the FDTD method was developed to analyze the electromagnetic (EM) response of the horn. FDTD simulations were carried out in a 3D cylindrical frame best suited for this coaxial geometry. The model implementation for a simplified version of the horn having only two probes is described.