gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maternal glucose intolerance reduces offspring nephron endowment and increases glomerular volume in adult offspring (2016)

IGT throughout gestation resulted in a nephron deficit that was established early in renal development. Maternal IGT was associated with glomerular hypertrophy in adult offspring, likely a compensatory response to maintain normal renal function. Given the increasing prevalence of IGT, monitoring glucose from early in gestation may be important to prevent altered kidney morphology. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Porphyrin profiles in blood, urine and faeces by HPLC/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (2006)

A high-resolution high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry method is described for the analysis of porphyrins in blood, urine and faeces. The gradient elution reversed-phase HPLC system using acetonitrile-methanol-1 m ammonium acetate/acetic acid buffer (pH 5.16) as gradient solvent mixtures was able to separate all porphyrin metabolites, including the type I and type III isomers of uroporphyrin, hepta-, hexa- and penta-carboxylic acid porphyrins and coproporphyrin. The porphyrins were positively identified by the protonated molecules [M+H](+) and further characterized by tandem mass spectrometric analysis with each porphyrin giving a characteristic collisioninduced dissociation product ion spectrum. The mass chromatograms obtained by HPLC/ESI MS are useful for the differential diagnosis of the porphyrias, since each type of porphyria has a typical porphyrin excretion pattern.
Dissociation of gp120 from HIV-1 Virions Induced by Soluble CD4 (1990)

The CD4 antigen is the high affinity cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Binding of recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4) or the purified V1 domain of sCD4 to the surface glycoprotein gp120 on virions resulted in rapid dissociation of gp120 from its complex with the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. This may represent the initial stage in virus-cell and cell-cell fusion. Shedding of gp120 from virions induced by sCD4 may also contribute to the mechanism by which these soluble receptor molecules neutralize HIV-1.
Data Over Wireless Networks: Bluetooth, WAP, and Wireless LANs (2000)

From the Publisher:
A first look at the next generation of wireless networking technology and vendor-specific applications including Motorola and Cisco. 
Develop state-of-the-art wireless applications using this detailed guide Transmit data over wireless networks and develop cutting-edge applications with this hands-on reference. This in-depth guide fully explains how wireless technology works and introduces the next generation of applications that allow for the transmission of data across wireless networks - in a manner that's both fast and secure. 
Covering the importance of wireless LANs as well as vendor-specific applications from several industry leaders,this book examines the breakthroughs and developments as new industry standards and protocols emerge in the wireless industry. 
Use it and you'll learn how to:

Implement the latest protocols including WAP and BluetoothFind out about current and emerging wireless messaging technologyUnderstand underlying technologies associated with different types of wireless transmission methodsLearn details on wireless home networkingMaster wireless LAN applications and 802. 11Get information about frequency allocation and channel utilizationDiscover the advantages and disadvantages of TDMAPreview the future direction of wireless technology and related equipment


Coverage Includes:

Overview of wireless technologyEvolving applications - LAN,e-mail,voicemail,e-commerce,and moreAnalog AMPSTDMA and DCMAPCS versus digital cellularWireless application protocols (WAP)Equipment overviews - including screen displays
Caries in preschool children and its risk factors in 2 provinces in China. (2007)

These data indicate that a high proportion of young Chinese children had dental caries and that most decayed teeth were left untreated. The prevalence and severity of caries was associated with socioeconomic status and dietary factors in this sample of children.
Spectroscopy of Single Hemoglobin Molecules by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (1999)

We demonstrate the detection of molecular vibrations in single hemoglobin (Hb) protein molecules attached to isolated and immobilized silver nanoparticles by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). A comparison between calculation and experiment indicates that electromagnetic field effects dominate the surface enhancement, and that single molecule Hb SERS is possible only for molecules situated between Ag particles. The vibrational spectra exhibit temporal fluctuations of unknown origin which appear to be characteristic of the single molecule detection limit.
Dense breast stromal tissue shows greatly increased concentration of breast epithelium but no increase in its proliferative activity (2006)

Breast epithelial cells are overwhelmingly concentrated in high CT density areas. Their proliferation rate in areas of high and medium CT density is lower than that in low CT density areas. The increased breast cancer risk associated with increased mammographic densities may simply be a reflection of increased epithelial cell numbers. Why epithelium is concentrated in high CT density areas remains to be explained.
Synthesis of Functional Polystyrenes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Using Protected and Unprotected Carboxylic Acid Initiators (1999)

Well-defined polystyrene (PSt) with terminal carboxylic acid groups can be prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). One method involves the use of protected α-halocarboxylic acid initiators. Unprotected α-halocarboxylic acid initiators, such as 2-bromobutyric acid (BBA), had low initiator efficiency of 0.1−0.2 and were not effective for the ATRP of styrene. Protection of the carboxylic acid group of BBA by a trimethylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, or tert-butyl group led to improved initiator efficiencies of ca. 0.6, 0.8, and 1, respectively, for the ATRP of styrene. Subsequent hydrolysis of the protecting groups can afford well-defined PSt with terminal carboxylic acid groups. Another method involves the use of carboxylic acid initiators with remote halogens, such as 4-(1-bromoethyl)benzoic acid and 4-(2-(2-bromopropionyloxy)ethoxy)benzoic acid. Well-defined PSt with terminal carboxylic acid groups and low polydispersities were prepared with initiator efficiencies close to 0.7.
Optimized reflective wide-angle Michelson phase-stepping interferometer (2000)

A fully achromatic wide-angle interferometer that uses cat's-eye retroreflectors has been developed for optical Doppler imaging in the ultraviolet region. Here the solar flux is much weaker than in the visible, so the solar background control system ordinarily used in spacecraft optical instruments becomes unnecessary, which results in a much smaller instrument and a broader viewing geometry. The theory and the test results associated with the development of this instrument are described. Minimizing the aberrations involved in cat's-eye geometry resulted in optimum cat's-eye and interferometer designs. The results of tests conducted in the visible and the near-UV regions demonstrated experimentally that the field of view of the interferometer is 5 degrees and that the residual wave distortions are approximately 1/8 wave with visibilities sufficient for high-resolution Doppler imaging.
Host innate immune responses to sepsis (2013)

The immune response to sepsis can be seen as a pattern recognition receptor-mediated dysregulation of the immune system following pathogen invasion in which a careful balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is vital. Invasive infection triggers both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory host responses, the magnitude of which depends on multiple factors, including pathogen virulence, site of infection, host genetics, and comorbidities. Toll-like receptors, the inflammasomes, and other pattern recognition receptors initiate the immune response after recognition of danger signals derived from microorganisms, so-called pathogen-associated molecular patterns or derived from the host, so-called danger-associated molecular patterns. Further dissection of the role of host-pathogen interactions, the cytokine response, the coagulation cascade, and their multidirectional interactions in sepsis should lead toward the development of new therapeutic strategies in sepsis.
Development of image stabilization system for remote operation of walking robots (2002)

Walking robots have high adaptability for terrain variation. Mobile robots that perform hazardous tasks such as mine detection or the inspection of an atomic power plant are typically controlled by operators from distant places. For a remote operation system, use of visual information from a camera mounted on a robot body is very useful. However, unlike wheeled vehicles, the camera mounted on the walking robot oscillates because of the impact of walking, and the obtained unstable images cause inferior operation performance. In this paper, we introduce an image stabilization system for remote operation of walking robots using a high speed CCD camera and gyrosensors. The image stabilization is executed in two phases, that is, the estimation of the amount of oscillation by the combination of the template matching method and gyrosensors, and change of the display region. Pentium MMX instruction is used for template matching calculation, and the estimated amount of oscillation is outputted every 12 msec. Furthermore, developed image stabilization mechanism can be used an external attitude sensor from the visual information, and the damping control of the robot body while walking is also possible. Experimental results showed stabilized images that eliminates the oscillation component are taken even when the robot moves dynamically or in long distance, and verified that the performance of attitude control using the developed image stabilization system is almost same as the case using an attitude sensor.
Application of Radiofrequency Treatment in Practical Pain Management: State of the Art (2002)

Many therapeutic interventions for chronic pain are available, and decisions about optimal management are not easy to make. Radiofrequency (RF) treatment is classified as a percutaneous minimal invasive procedure for patients who do not respond to appropriate medical and physical therapy. Although RF treatment is widely used differences in current practice exist due to ongoing controversies.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of the efficacy and safety of farletuzumab (MORAb-003) in combination with weekly paclitaxel in subjects with platinum-resistant or refractory relapsed ovarian cancer. (2010)

TPS255 Background: Farletuzumab (MORAb-003) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the folate receptor alpha (FRA) which is overexpressed in most epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC), but largely absent on normal tissue. The expression of FRA is known to relate to the malignant potential of the cancer. Farletuzumab has been shown to inhibit phosphorylation of proteins by the Lyn kinase (a member of the src family of kinases). It inhibits tumor growth in preclinical xenograft models of ovarian cancer, in addition to being active in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays (Ebel W et al. Cancer Immun 2007; 7:6). It showed signs of efficacy as a single agent in a phase I study in subjects with advanced platinum refractory/resistant EOC (Bell-McGuinn KM et al. J Clin Oncol 2008;26 (15S):5517). In this phase I study, as well as in a subsequent phase II study (Armstrong DK. et al. 2009 ECCO and ESMO Congress, Abstract 08000), farletuzumab demonstrated a favorable safety profile. Weekly low dose paclitaxel (80mg/m2) shows promise as a single agent in platinum refractory/resistant EOC with an overall response rate of about 21%, and a median duration of remission of 3 months (Markman M. et al. Gynecologic Oncology 2006;101:436-440). In a xenograft model, synergy between taxane and farletuzumab has been demonstrated ( Spannuth WA et al. Gynecologic Oncology 2008: 108(3S):S135). In this study we are comparing the efficacy of farletuzumab when combined with paclitaxel in platinum refractory/resistant EOC. Methods: 126 subjects with platinum-resistant/refractory nonmucinous EOC receive paclitaxel and are randomized 2:1 to receive farletuzumab:saline placebo IV. Farletuzumab/placebo is administered weekly. Paclitaxel is administered weekly for the first 12 weeks, then in 4 week cycles with week 4 being a rest week (Markman M. et al. Gynecologic Oncology 2006;101:436-440). The primary endpoint is progression-free survival. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Morphotek Morphotek Morphotek Morphotek
IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical And Electronics Terms (1980)

IEEE standard dictionary of electrical and electronics terms , IEEE standard dictionary of electrical and electronics terms , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Expression of a bispecific dsFv–dsFv′ antibody fragment in Escherichia coli (2000)

A bispecific disulfide-stabilized Fv antibody fragment (dsFv-dsFv') consisting of two different disulfide-stabilized Fv antibody fragments connected by flexible linker peptides was produced by secretion of three polypeptide chains into the periplasm of Escherichia coli. The dsFv-dsFv' molecules were enriched by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and further purified by anion-exchange chromatography. The recombinant antibody constructs retained the two parental antigen binding specificities and were able to cross-link the two different antigens. The described dsFv-dsFv' design might be of particular value for therapeutic in vivo applications since improved stability is expected to be combined with minimal immunogenicity.
In vivo and in vitro characterization of the secA gene product of Bacillus subtilis (1992)

The putative amino acid sequence from the wild-type Bacillus subtilis div+ gene, which complements the temperature-sensitive div-341 mutation, shares a 50% identity with the sequence from Escherichia coli secA (Y. Sadaie, H. Takamatsu, K. Nakamura, and K. Yamane, Gene 98:101-105, 1991). The B. subtilis div-341 mutant accumulated the precursor proteins of alpha-amylase and beta-lactamase at 45 degrees C as in the case of sec mutants of E. coli. The div-341 mutation is a transition mutation causing an amino acid replacement from Pro to Leu at residue 431 of the putative amino acid sequence. The B. subtilis div+ gene was overexpressed in E. coli under the control of the tac promoter, and its product was purified to homogeneity. The Div protein consists of a homodimer of 94-kDa subunits which possesses ATPase activity, and the first 7 amino acids of the putative Div protein were found to be subjected to limited proteolysis in the purified protein. The antiserum against B. subtilis Div weakly cross-reacted with E. coli SecA. On the other hand, B. subtilis Div could not replace E. coli SecA in an E. coli in vitro protein translocation system. The temperature-sensitive growth of the E. coli secA mutant could not be restored by the introduction of B. subtilis div+, which is expressed under the control of the spac-1 promoter, and vice versa. The B. subtilis div+ gene is the B. subtilis counterpart of E. coli secA, and we propose that the div+ gene be referred to as B. subtilis secA, although Div did not function in the protein translocation system of E. coli.
Dissemination of Mutable Sets of Web Objects (2001)

Recently there has been increasing interest in the application of broadcast networks as high-bandwidth downstream channels of hybrid asymmetric communication platforms. This interest stems from an increasing number of mobile internet users demanding for high quality services whereas wireless networks still lack in bandwidth substantially.
Gene expression profiling of a clonal isolate of oxaliplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780/C10 (2005)

The efficacy of platinum drugs in the treatment of cancer is often restricted by the acquisition of tumor cell resistance subsequent to treatment. To better understand mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, a clonal subline (A2780/C10B) isolated from an oxaliplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line (A2780/C10) was developed, as reported previously. This cell line is 18-fold resistant to oxaliplatin and shows a 3-fold cross resistance to cisplatin. Here, we report on the gene expression analysis using Affymetrix HG-U95Av2 oligonucleotide arrays of cells in log phase growth from both the parental cell line and drug-resistant variant. Probe level analysis was perfomed using the model based expression index (dChip) and robust multichip average (RMA) methods. Genes that were differentially expressed between the two groups were identified using the significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) method with a minimum false discovery rate <1%. We identified 43 genes that were overexpressed, and 39 underexpressed in the drug-resistant cell line. Collagen VI (COL6A3) was overexpressed 62-fold and the most highly up-regulated gene. This finding is consistent with other published data based on serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) profiling of cisplatin-resistant and sensitive ovarian carcinoma cells. Among the significant functional groups of overexpressed genes in our study were extracellular matrix genes (9 of 43) and those involved in signal transduction (7 of 43). Extracellular matrix genes included two matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3 and MMP12). Integrin alpha 1 (ITGA1) and WNT5A were also overexpressed. Genes that encode for extracellular matrix proteins were also among those found down-regulated in the resistant cell line. Several genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle and growth were found to be underexpressed, including the suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2), necdin (NDN), and glypicans (GPC3 and GPC4). The mRNA levels of six differentially expressed genes (COL6A3, MMP12, MMP3, WNT5A, NID, and HMGB2) were validated using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The identification of these genes should aid in a better understanding of the pathways resulting in platinum drug resistance.
Pulmonary defense mechanisms against pneumonia and sepsis (2008)

Clearly, understanding the immune response in the lung is critical to the development of future therapeutics for pneumonia and sepsis. This review concludes with novel discoveries in the lung immune response, which may lead to future avenues of treatment.
The nuclear protein PH5P of the inter‐α‐inhibitor superfamily: a missing link between poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase and the inter‐α‐inhibitor family and a novel actor of DNA repair? (1999)

Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase is a nuclear NAD-dependent enzyme and an essential nick sensor involved in cellular processes where nicking and rejoining of DNA strands are required. The inter-alpha-inhibitor family is comprized of several plasma proteins that all harbor one or more so-called heavy chains designated H1-H4. The latter originate from precursor polypeptides H1P-H4P whose upper two thirds are highly homologous. We now describe a novel protein that includes (i) a so-called BRCT domain found in many proteins involved in DNA repair, (ii) an area that is homologous to the NAD-dependent catalytic domain of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, (iii) an area that is homologous to the upper two thirds of precursor polypeptides H1P-H4P and (iv) a proline-rich region with a potential nuclear localization signal. This protein now designated PH5P points to as yet unsuspected links between poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and the inter-alpha-inhibitor family and is likely to be involved in DNA repair.
Obstructive sleep apnea prediction during wakefulness (2011)

In this paper, a novel technique based on signal processing of breath sounds during wakefulness for prediction of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is proposed. We recorded tracheal breath sounds of 35 people with various severity of OSA and 17 non-apneic individuals; the breath sounds were recorded in supine and upright positions during both nose and mouth breathing at medium flow rate. Power spectrum, Kurtosis and Katz fractal dimension of the recorded signals in every posture and breathing maneuver were calculated. We used one-way ANOVA to select the features with most significant differences between the groups followed by the Maximum Relevancy Minimum Redundancy (mRMR) method to reduce the number of characteristic features to three, and investigated the separability of the groups based on the three selected features. The results are encouraging for classification of patients using the selected features. Once being verified on a larger population, the proposed method offers a fast, simple and non-invasive screening tool for prediction of OSA during wakefulness.
Examination of Diazaspiro Cores as Piperazine Bioisosteres in the Olaparib Framework Shows Reduced DNA Damage and Cytotoxicity (2018)

Development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi's) continues to be an attractive area of research due to synthetic lethality in DNA repair deficient cancers; however, PARPi's also have potential as therapeutics to prevent harmful inflammation. We investigated the pharmacological impact of incorporating spirodiamine motifs into the phthalazine architecture of FDA approved PARPi olaparib. Synthesized analogues were screened for PARP-1 affinity, enzyme specificity, catalytic inhibition, DNA damage, and cytotoxicity. This work led to the identification of 10e (12.6 ± 1.1 nM), which did not induce DNA damage at similar drug concentrations as olaparib. Interestingly, several worst in class compounds with low PARP-1 affinity, including 15b (4397 ± 1.1 nM), induced DNA damage at micromolar concentrations, which can explain the cytotoxicity observed in vitro. This work provides further evidence that high affinity PARPi's can be developed without DNA damaging properties offering potential new drugs for treating inflammatory related diseases.