gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self‐Assembled, Nanowire Network Electrodes for Depleted Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells (2013)

Herein, a solution-processed, bottom-up-fabricated, nanowire network electrode is developed. This electrode features a ZnO template which is converted into locally connected, infiltratable, TiO2 nanowires. This new electrode is used to build a depleted bulk heterojunction solar cell employing hybrid-passivated colloidal quantum dots. The new electrode allows the application of a thicker, and thus more light-absorbing, colloidal quantum dot active layer, from which charge extraction of an efficiency comparable to that obtained from a thinner, planar device could be obtained.
A subpopulation of peritoneal macrophages form capillary-like lumens and branching patterns in vitro (2006)

Isolated mouse peritoneal Mph penetrate Matrigel and form tunnels via a metalloprotease-driven proteolysis and phagocytosis. Following a morphological adjustment driven by occurrence, enlargement and/or fusion process of intracellular vacuoles, similar to that described in bona fide endothelium, a subpopulation of these cells end up by lining a capillary-like lumen in vitro. Thus we show that adult Mph, not only the more primitive 'endothelial progenitors', have functional properties until now considered defining of the endothelial phenotype.
The S. cerevisiae outwardly-rectifying potassium channel (DUK1) identifies a new family of channels with duplicated pore domains. (1996)

Potassium channel subunits have six or two transmembrane segments in addition to a conserved pore-forming (P) domain; four subunits come together to form a channel. A gene was identified in S. cerevisiae (J0911) encoding a protein with eight probable membrane-spanning segments and two such P regions. This protein (Duk1p) is a potassium channel because Xenopus oocytes injected with the corresponding RNA express potassium currents activated by depolarization that are not seen in control oocytes. Similar potassium currents were recorded from wildtype S. cerevisiae spheroplasts, but not from those in which the DUK1 locus had been disrupted. Cells carrying the duk1 delta 1::HIS disruption in addition to a chimeric gene comprising DUK1 behind the GAL1 promoter showed outward currents when grown in galactose, but not when grown in glucose. Additional sequences with the duplicate pore motif were found in C. elegans, suggesting that these proteins represent a novel structural family of potassium channel proteins.
Aberrant expression of the p53 oncoprotein is a common feature of a wide spectrum of human malignancies. (1991)

Accumulation of the p53 protein was analysed in 212 human malignant lesions. Immunohistochemical staining with new polyclonal (CM-1) and monoclonal antibodies (BP 53-12 and BP53-24) to p53 on methacarn-fixed paraffin sections showed positive staining in 161 (76%). The positive tumours were found across a wide range of human malignancies including breast, colon, stomach, bladder and testis carcinomas, soft-tissue sarcomas and melanomas. The staining was always confined to the malignant lesion. Immunoprecipitation and quantitative ELISA assays established that the positive staining was associated with accumulation of the protein and that the protein was frequently in a mutant conformation. Accumulation of mutant p53 protein is therefore a common feature of human malignant disease.
The design of resolving agents. Chiral cyclic phosphoric acids (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe design of resolving agents. Chiral cyclic phosphoric acidsWolter Ten Hoeve and Hans WynbergCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 23, 4508–4514Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00223a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00223a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1544Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unlocking the archive - gene expression in paraffin-embedded tissue (2001)

The histopathology archive represents a vast, well-characterized source of specimens covering virtually every disease and is available for molecular biological investigation. The archive has in recent years become widely used for molecular genetic analysis and DNA can be routinely extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. More recently, archival specimens have become a source of material for extensive analysis of mRNA expression utilizing DNA microarrays, real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and in situ hybridization and amplification techniques. These techniques will enable a greater understanding of the changes that occur in gene function during every stage of the development of disease and will lead to better diagnosis, better evaluation of prognosis, and better treatment through targeted therapeutic regimes.
High Current Gains Obtained by InGaN/GaN Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (2001)

InGaN/GaN double heterojunction bipolar Npn transistors have been fabricated using p-type InGaN and n-type GaN as base and collector layers, respectively. The structures were grown on SiC substrates by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The In mole fraction in the base layer and its thickness were 0.06 and 100 nm, respectively. The Mg doping concentration in the base layer was 1 × 1019 cm—3 corresponding to a hole concentration of 5 × 1018 cm—3 at room temperature. The common-emitter I–V characteristics showed good saturation characteristics and a maximum current gain of 20 was obtained at room temperature.
Fibrin Sealant Reduces Pain after Tonsillectomy: Prospective Randomized Study (2006)

The combined sEMG and pain score data indicate that the electrocautery hemostatic technique is more painful and traumatic than the sealant technique. Surface electromyography of swallowing is a simple, reliable evaluation method for postsurgical odynophagia complaints and might be used as an objective tool for pain assessment.
A mammalian nicking endonuclease (1976)

Purification and properties are described for an endonuclease isolated from calf thymus which attacks double-stranded, unmodified DNA, primarily by making single-strand breaks. No detectable acid-soluble products arise from the reaction. Double-strand breaks may occasionally be produced by the introduction of single-strand breaks on opposite strands in close proximity. The enzyme does not attack denatured DNA and is not inhibited by tRNA. Although added divalent cations are not required for activity, the enzyme is inhibited by EDTA, which suggests an essential role for bound cations; reaction is inhibited by Ca2+. The endonuclease has a broad pH optimum and is inactivated by preincubation at temperatures of 45 degrees C and higher. The molecular weight as determined by gel chromatography is about 30 000. Analysis of the products of reaction on a defined substrate, bacteriophage T3 DNA, by sedimentation in alkaline sucrose density gradients indicates limit products with chain lengths of about 0.8 X 10(6) daltons. On electrophoresis in agarose gels these products were shown to be heterogeneous in size. The endonuclease appears to generate 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate ends. The ability of the endonuclease to utilize bovine DNA as substrate argues against a restriction role for this enzyme.
Engineering Escherichia coli for high-level production of propionate (2015)

Mounting environmental concerns associated with the use of petroleum-based chemical manufacturing practices has generated significant interest in the development of biological alternatives for the production of propionate. However, biological platforms for propionate production have been limited to strict anaerobes, such as Propionibacteria and select Clostridia. In this work, we demonstrated high-level heterologous production of propionate under microaerobic conditions in engineered Escherichia coli. Activation of the native Sleeping beauty mutase (Sbm) operon not only transformed E. coli to be propionogenic (i.e., propionate-producing) but also introduced an intracellular "flux competition" between the traditional C2-fermentative pathway and the novel C3-fermentative pathway. Dissimilation of the major carbon source of glycerol was identified to critically affect such "flux competition" and, therefore, propionate synthesis. As a result, the propionogenic E. coli was further engineered by inactivation or overexpression of various genes involved in the glycerol dissimilation pathways and their individual genetic effects on propionate production were investigated. Generally, knocking out genes involved in glycerol dissimilation (except glpA) can minimize levels of solventogenesis and shift more dissimilated carbon flux toward the C3-fermentative pathway. For optimal propionate production with high C3:C2-fermentative product ratios, glycerol dissimilation should be channeled through the respiratory pathway and, upon suppressed solventogenesis with minimal production of highly reduced alcohols, the alternative NADH-consuming route associated with propionate synthesis can be critical for more flexible redox balancing. With the implementation of various biochemical and genetic strategies, high propionate titers of more than 11 g/L with high yields up to 0.4 g-propionate/g-glycerol (accounting for ~50 % of dissimilated glycerol) were achieved, demonstrating the potential for industrial application. To our knowledge, this represents the most effective engineered microbial system for propionate production with titers and yields comparable to those achieved by anaerobic batch cultivation of various native propionate-producing strains of Propionibacteria.
Inhibition of Bacterial Ribosome Assembly: a Suitable Drug Target? (2009)

The assembly of bacterial ribosomes is viewed with increasing interest as a potential target for new antibiotics. The in vivo synthesis and assembly of ribosomes are briefly reviewed here, highlighting the many ways in which assembly can be perturbed. The process is compared with the model in vitro process from which much of our knowledge is derived. The coordinate synthesis of the ribosomal components is essential for their ordered and efficient assembly; antibiotics interfere with this coordination and therefore affect assembly. It has also been claimed that the binding of antibiotics to nascent ribosomes prevents their assembly. These two contrasting models of antibiotic action are compared and evaluated. Finally, the suitability and tractability of assembly as a drug target are assessed.
WNT1-inducible signaling protein–1 mediates pulmonary fibrosis in mice and is upregulated in humans with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2009)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by distorted lung architecture and loss of respiratory function. Enhanced (myo)fibroblast activation, ECM deposition, and alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cell dysfunction contribute to IPF pathogenesis. However, the molecular pathways linking ATII cell dysfunction with the development of fibrosis are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate, in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, increased proliferation and altered expression of components of the WNT/beta-catenin signaling pathway in ATII cells. Further analysis revealed that expression of WNT1-inducible signaling protein-1 (WISP1), which is encoded by a WNT target gene, was increased in ATII cells in both a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis and patients with IPF. Treatment of mouse primary ATII cells with recombinant WISP1 led to increased proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while treatment of mouse and human lung fibroblasts with recombinant WISP1 enhanced deposition of ECM components. In the mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, neutralizing mAbs specific for WISP1 reduced the expression of genes characteristic of fibrosis and reversed the expression of genes associated with EMT. More importantly, these changes in gene expression were associated with marked attenuation of lung fibrosis, including decreased collagen deposition and improved lung function and survival. Our study thus identifies WISP1 as a key regulator of ATII cell hyperplasia and plasticity as well as a potential therapeutic target for attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis.
Pox viruses as eukaryotic cloning and expression vectors: future medical and veterinary vaccines. (1988)

It was proposed at the beginning of this article that the use of poxviruses as expression vectors provided a means of optimizing the conditions and prerequisites of vaccination and of elucidating a number of the associated problems. These advantages will now be summarized. Vaccinia virus recombinants carrying one or more multiple foreign genes have been shown to induce a sufficient immune response to that antigen in laboratory animals to protect against subsequent challenge by the infectious agent. In those animals tested the duration of immunity has been long-lasting with no apparent detrimental side-effects. Vaccinia virus is very stable in normal environmental situations and no cold-chain is required in the distribution network. There is no evidence for genetic instability of the vaccinia 'carrier' strain nor of loss of the inserted genetic elements. The vaccine is administered intradermally and it is proposed that one inoculation will be sufficient to induce immunity to multiple disease antigens; however, re-inoculation at a later time with the same or new antigenic determinants is not precluded. The efficiency of vaccinia virus as the vaccine strain used to eliminate the disease of smallpox with minimal side-effects is well documented. The recent studies described here on the development of vaccinia as a viral vector confer other advantages. Since the expression of the inserted genetic element is under vaccinia virus control, different levels of expression can be engineered by substituting the promoter sequence placed proximal to the insert. This leads to the possibility of high levels of expression when required for a single antigen or more modulated levels when multiple foreign antigens are expressed and 'genetic overload' could become a problem. Much work remains to be done on the body's immune response to this proposed genetic intrusion. The ability to insert large amounts of genetic information without disrupting virus replication and assembly indicates a great degree of flexibility in the genome strategy of the virus. This may indicate that the replication system can be further disrupted to eliminate or modify those sequences coding for virulence and wide host range to make the poxvirus vector as safe as possible for vaccine use. One of the reasons traditional vaccine strategy has failed for some virus groups is the degree of variability found in virus strains in nature. Influenza viruses are a good example, as are the bluetongue virus group, rotaviruses and bunyaviruses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Transmission electron microscopy study on the polycrystalline CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB based magnetic tunnel junction showing a high tunneling magnetoresistance, predicted in single crystal magnetic tunnel junction (2007)

We carried out a detailed transmission electron microscopy study on the polycrystalline CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB based magnetic tunnel junction, which shows high magnetoresistance predicted theoretically only in single crystal magnetic tunnel junction. Previously it has been suggested that the crystallinity and degree of texture of MgO tunnel barrier play a crucial role in the polycrystalline system. Here we suggest, on top of the crystallinity issue of MgO, that a grain-to-grain epitaxy of CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB satisfies the prerequisite for the coherent tunneling for the giant tunneling magnetoresistance theoretically predicted.
Simple preparation of chiral acetylenic ethers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimple preparation of chiral acetylenic ethersAlbert Moyano, Florence Charbonnier, and Andrew E. GreeneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 13, 2919–2922Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00389a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00389a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1838Altmetric-Citations120LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interictal mood and personality disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. (1996)

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have a higher incidence of affective and personality disorders, often in comorbidity, than patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and diabetic patients suggesting that these psychiatric disorders are not an adjustment reaction to a chronic disease but rather reflect a limbic dysfunction.
Comprehensive Reviews in Toxicology (1996)

Revised and updated, this edition covers general principles of overdose management; the automonic nervous system, neurotransmitters and drugs; drugs used in psychiatry; cardiac drugs; agents that burn; gases and abnormal haemoglobin formation; the
Application of Horizontal Drainhole Drilling Technology for Coalbed Methane Recovery (1987)

ABSTRACT Methane gas contained in coal represents a potential new gas supply. Transformation of this large gas-in-place resource to reserves will depend on developments of modified and/or new completion methods to achieve long-term economic production. Coal reservoirs typically have very low matrix permeability with gas being desorbed from the matrix to the wellbore through a system of natural fractures or cleats. Due to low permeability, coal reservoirs usually require hydraulic fracture stimulation to achieve economic production. Investigations have shown that hydraulic fractures usually propagate parallel to the maximum stress or face cleat direction, and therefore may not adequately access an anisotropic reservoir. A more effective stimulation technique may be a horizontal borehole placed perpendicular to the maximum permeability direction. This paper discusses the application of drilling horizontal boreholes for coalbed methane recovery in two different situations: i) in a coal seam associated with an active underground coal mine, and ii) in a deeply buried unmineable coal seam.
Sustained Effects of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes (2009)

IL-1 blockade with anakinra induces improvement of the PI/I ratio and markers of systemic inflammation lasting 39 weeks after treatment withdrawal.
Image segmentation with a bounding box prior (2009)

User-provided object bounding box is a simple and popular interaction paradigm considered by many existing interactive image segmentation frameworks. However, these frameworks tend to exploit the provided bounding box merely to exclude its exterior from consideration and sometimes to initialize the energy minimization. In this paper, we discuss how the bounding box can be further used to impose a powerful topological prior, which prevents the solution from excessive shrinking and ensures that the user-provided box bounds the segmentation in a sufficiently tight way. The prior is expressed using hard constraints incorporated into the global energy minimization framework leading to an NP-hard integer program. We then investigate the possible optimization strategies including linear relaxation as well as a new graph cut algorithm called pinpointing. The latter can be used either as a rounding method for the fractional LP solution, which is provably better than thresholding-based rounding, or as a fast standalone heuristic. We evaluate the proposed algorithms on a publicly available dataset, and demonstrate the practical benefits of the new prior both qualitatively and quantitatively.
BMS-232632, a Highly Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitor That Can Be Used in Combination with Other Available Antiretroviral Agents (2000)

BMS-232632 is an azapeptide human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (Prt) inhibitor that exhibits potent anti-HIV activity with a 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) of 2.6 to 5.3 nM and an EC(90) of 9 to 15 nM in cell culture. Proof-of-principle studies indicate that BMS-232632 blocks the cleavage of viral precursor proteins in HIV-infected cells, proving that it functions as an HIV Prt inhibitor. Comparative studies showed that BMS-232632 is generally more potent than the five currently approved HIV-1 Prt inhibitors. Furthermore, BMS-232632 is highly selective for HIV-1 Prt and exhibits cytotoxicity only at concentrations 6,500- to 23, 000-fold higher than that required for anti-HIV activity. To assess the potential of this inhibitor when used in combination with other antiretrovirals, BMS-232632 was evaluated for anti-HIV activity in two-drug combination studies. Combinations of BMS-232632 with either stavudine, didanosine, lamivudine, zidovudine, nelfinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, or amprenavir in HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells yielded additive to moderately synergistic antiviral effects. Importantly, combinations of drug pairs did not result in antagonistic anti-HIV activity or enhanced cytotoxic effects at the highest concentrations used for antiviral evaluation. Our results suggest that BMS-232632 may be an effective HIV-1 inhibitor that may be utilized in a variety of different drug combinations.
Dietary nitrate: poison or panacea? (1997)

Dietary nitrate: poison or panacea?
[Construction and expression of human-mouse chimeric antibody against human CD40]. (2006)

The gene encoding variable region of human-mouse chimeric antibody against CD40 is cloned successfully and the human-mouse chimeric antibody against CD40 is expressed transiently in 293T cells.