gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional database technology (2001)

Multidimensional database technology is a key factor in the interactive analysis of large amounts of data for decision making purposes. In contrast to previous technologies, these databases view data as multidimensional cubes that are particularly well suited for data analysis. Multidimensional models categorize data either as facts with associated numerical measures or as textual dimensions that characterize the facts. Queries aggregate measure values over a range of dimension values to provide results such as total sales per month of a given product. Multidimensional database technology is being applied to distributed data and to new types of data that current technology often cannot adequately analyze. For example, classic techniques such as preaggregation cannot ensure fast query response times when data-such as that obtained from sensors or GPS-equipped moving objects-changes continuously. Multidimensional database technology will increasingly be applied where analysis results are fed directly into other systems, thereby eliminating humans from the loop. When coupled with the need for continuous updates, this context poses stringent performance requirements not met by current technology.
Heat shock protein synthesis during development in Caulobacter crescentus (1986)

Caulobacter crescentus cells respond to a sudden increase in temperature by transiently inducing the synthesis of several polypeptides. Two of the proteins induced, Hsp62 and Hsp70, were shown to be analogous to the heat shock proteins of Escherichia coli, GroEL and DnaK, respectively, by immunological cross-reactivity with antibodies raised against the E. coli proteins. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic resolution of extracts of cells labeled with [35S]methionine during heat shock led to the identification of 20 distinct Hsps in C. crescentus which are coordinately expressed, in response to heat, at the various stages of the cell division cycle. Thus, a developmental control does not seem to be superimposed on the transient activation of the heat shock genes. Nonetheless, under normal temperature conditions, four Hsps (Hsp70, Hsp62, Hsp24b, and Hsp23a) were shown to be synthesized, and their synthesis was cell cycle regulated.
Factors influencing early and late outcome following the Fontan procedure in the current era. The ‘Two Commandments’?☆ (2007)

Late outcome of the Fontan circulation is encouraging. Ventricular morphology, surgical technique and fenestration do not appear to influence early or late outcome. Preoperatively impaired ventricular function and elevated pulmonary artery pressures have an adverse influence on both early and late outcome. Reintervention is common, with small preoperative pulmonary artery size being an additional risk factor.
GENIS: gene expression of sodium iodide symporter for noninvasive imaging of gene therapy vectors and quantification of gene expression in vivo (2003)

With the goal of optimizing adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy for prostate cancer, we have developed a method based on the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) that allows for noninvasive monitoring of adenoviral vectors and quantification of gene expression magnitude and volume within the prostate. A replication-competent adenovirus (Ad5-yCD/mutTK(SR39)rep-hNIS) coexpressing a therapeutic yeast cytosine deaminase (yCD)/mutant herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (mutTK(SR39)) fusion gene and the hNIS gene was developed. Ad5-yCD/mutTK(SR39)rep-hNIS and a replication-defective hNIS adenovirus (rAd-CMV-FLhNIS) were injected into contralateral lobes of the dog prostate and hNIS activity was monitored in live animals following administration of Na(99m)TcO(4) using gamma camera scintigraphy. Despite the close proximity of the urinary bladder, (99m)TcO(4)(-) uptake was readily detected in the prostate using viral dose levels (10(10) to 10(12) viral particles) that have been safely administered to humans. Due to its rapid clearance and short physical half-life (6 h), it was possible to obtain daily measurements of (99m)TcO(4)(-) uptake in vivo, allowing for dynamic monitoring of reporter gene expression within the prostate as well as biodistribution throughout the body. High-resolution autoradiography of prostate sections coupled with 3D reconstruction of gene expression demonstrated that the magnitude and volume of gene expression could be quantified with submillimeter resolution. Implementation of the GENIS (gene expression of Na/I symporter) technology in the clinic will facilitate optimization of future human gene therapy trials.
Immunological evaluation of meningococcal group C polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate in mice (1983)

Neisseria meningitidis group C polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate was prepared to obtain the polysaccharide component in a thymus-dependent form and to preserve the immunogenic properties of the tetanus toxoid component. Biochemical and immunochemical analyses of this conjugate revealed that (i) it was composed of equal amounts of polysaccharide and protein; (ii) the antigenic activity of the polysaccharide component was greatly reduced; (iii) it contained about 10% free polysaccharide; (iv) the composition was not homogeneous; and (v) only 5% of the tetanus toxoid component was present at the surface of the conjugate molecules. In this study, the influence of these characteristics on the antibody response to both components in mice was investigated. The dose-response relationship, the persistence of antibodies, a possible antigenic competition, and the specificities of the antibodies induced were also studied. Our data suggest that the conjugate behaves as a pronounced thymus-dependent antigen, that the tetanus toxoid component is more immunogenic at lower dosages (0.8 and 20 ng) than equivalent doses of tetanus vaccine, that the presence of free polysaccharide does not influence the induction of antibodies to polysaccharide by the conjugate, and that no antibodies to new structures in the conjugate are induced. These characteristics favor the application of this conjugate as a vaccine for human use.
Photosynthetic response to elevated temperature in the symbiotic dinoflagellate Symbiodinium microadriaticum in culture. (1992)

Elevated temperature (28-34 degrees C) has been hypothesized as the primary cause of the loss of algal endosymbionts in coral reef-associated invertebrates, a phenomenon observed on a world-wide scale over the last decade. In past studies of this "bleaching" phenomenon, there has been an underlying assumption that temperature adversely affects the animal hosts, the algae thereby being relegated to a more passive role. Because photosynthesis is a sensitive indicator of thermal stress in plants and has a central role in the nutrition of symbiotic invertebrates, we have tested the hypothesis that elevated temperature adversely affects photosynthesis in the symbiotic dinoflagellate Symbiodinium microadriaticum. The results, based on analyses of light-mediated O2 evolution and in vivo fluorescence, indicate that photosynthesis is impaired at temperatures above 30 degrees C and ceases completely at 34-36 degrees C. These observations are discussed in the context of possible mechanisms that may function in the disassociation of algal-invertebrate symbioses in response to elevated temperature.
A Nuclear Factor Induced by Hypoxia via De Novo Protein Synthesis Binds to the Human Erythropoietin Gene Enhancer at a Site Required for Transcriptional Activation (1992)

We have identified a 50-nucleotide enhancer from the human erythropoietin gene 3'-flanking sequence which can mediate a sevenfold transcriptional induction in response to hypoxia when cloned 3' to a simian virus 40 promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene and transiently expressed in Hep3B cells. Nucleotides (nt) 1 to 33 of this sequence mediate sevenfold induction of reporter gene expression when present in two tandem copies compared with threefold induction when present in a single copy, suggesting that nt 34 to 50 bind a factor which amplifies the induction signal. DNase I footprinting demonstrated binding of a constitutive nuclear factor to nt 26 to 48. Mutagenesis studies revealed that nt 4 to 12 and 19 to 23 are essential for induction, as substitutions at either site eliminated hypoxia-induced expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified a nuclear factor which bound to a probe spanning nt 1 to 18 but not to a probe containing a mutation which eliminated enhancer function. Factor binding was induced by hypoxia, and its induction was sensitive to cycloheximide treatment. We have thus defined a functionally tripartite, 50-nt hypoxia-inducible enhancer which binds several nuclear factors, one of which is induced by hypoxia via de novo protein synthesis.
Survivin silencing enhances radiosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell. (2014)

Survivin silencing sensitizes KB cells toward irradiation. Survivin silencing in combination with radiation inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation significantly and increases apoptosis more than each single treatment alone. In addition, survivin silencing significantly enhanced inhibition of tumor growth and potentiated cell apoptosis by irradiation in KB xenografts. In conclusion, survivin silencing could enhance sensitivity of human KB cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo.
OBSERVING SINGLE ENZYMES AT WORK (2007)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTOBSERVING SINGLE ENZYMES AT WORKENZYMOLOGY: Method captures the interaction between a single enzyme molecule and its inhibitorCELIA ARNAUDCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2007, 85, 44, 8Publication Date (Print):October 29, 2007Publication History Published online29 October 2010Published inissue 29 October 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v085n044.p008ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n044.p008anewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Inhibitors,Molecules,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Evidence for an essential histidine residue in S-adenosylhomocysteinase from rat liver (1983)

Rat liver S-adenosylhomocysteinase (EC 3.3.1.1) is inactivated by diethyl pyrocarbonate. The inactivation is first order in enzyme and in reagent, and a second-order rate constant of 77 M-1 min-1 is obtained at pH 6.9 and 0 degree C. The rate of inactivation is dependent on pH, and the pH-inactivation rate data show the involvement of a group with a pK of 6.8. The difference spectrum of the inactivated and native enzymes shows a single peak at 242 nm, indicating the modification of histidine residues. No trough at around 280 nm due to O-carbethoxytyrosine is observed. The sulfhydryl content of the enzyme is unchanged by the reaction. The inactivation was reversed by hydroxylamine. Although the reaction with [3H]diethyl pyrocarbonate reveals that a residue(s) other than histidine is (are) also modified, the agreement of the number of histidine residues modified and the number of carbethoxy groups removed by hydroxylamine treatment indicates that the inactivation is solely due to the modification of histidine. Statistical analysis of the residual enzyme activity and the extent of modification shows that, among six modifiable residues per subunit, one which reacts more rapidly with the reagent than the rest is critical for activity. The modified enzyme still retains the capacity to bind adenosine and S-adenosylhomocysteine and to oxidize the 3'-hydroxyl of these compounds as evidenced by the reduction of the enzyme-bound NAD+. Slow but significant exchange of the 4' proton with solvent also occurs with the modified enzyme. Thus, it may be concluded that the histidine residue essential for activity is involved in a catalytic reaction other than the abstraction of 3'-hydroxyl and 4' protons of the substrates.
Biomass into Chemicals: Aerobic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural into 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid with Gold Nanoparticle Catalysts (2009)

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural is selectively converted into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (99 mol % yield) in water, under mild conditions (65-130 degrees C, 10 bar air) with gold nanoparticles supported on nanoparticulate ceria (Au-CeO(2)) and on titania (Au-TiO(2)); the former being more active and selective. A reaction mechanism is established and the rate-limiting step of the reaction is the alcohol oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid. The effects of pressure, temperature, substrate-to-catalyst ratio, and amount of base are studied to find the most suitable reaction conditions. The absence of metal leaching is verified by chemical analysis of the reaction solution and by confirming that the reaction does not occur after catalyst removal by filtration in hot water. Substrate degradation is strongly diminished and the catalyst life increased by performing the reaction in two temperature steps.
Antiproliferative effects of isoflavones on human cancer cell lines established from the gastrointestinal tract. (1993)

Seven isoflavones, biochanin A, daidzein, genistein, genistin, prunectin, puerarin, and pseudobaptigenin were tested for cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on 10 newly established cancer cell lines of the human gastrointestinal origin. Proliferation of HSC-41E6, HSC-45M2, and SH101-P4 stomach cancer cell lines was strongly inhibited by biochanin A and genistein, whereas other stomach, esophageal, and colon cancer lines were moderately suppressed by both compounds. Biochanin A and genistein were cytostatic at low concentrations (< 20 micrograms/ml for biochanin A, < 10 micrograms/ml for genistein) and were cytotoxic at higher concentrations (> 40 micrograms/ml for biochanin A, > 20 micrograms/ml for genistein). DNA fragmentation was observed at cytotoxic doses of both compounds, indicating the apoptotic mode of cell death by the compounds. Chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation of each cell line were also observed. The advent of apoptosis was dose dependent for both isoflavones. Biochanin A suppressed tumor growth of HSC-45M2 and HSC-41E6 lines in athymic nude mice. Our results suggest that two of isoflavone derivatives, biochanin A and genistein, inhibit the cell growth of stomach cancer cell lines in vitro through activation of a signal transduction pathway for apoptosis. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrate that biochanin A can be used as an anticancer agent.
Synthesis of 2′‐amino‐17‐cyclopropylmethyl‐6,7‐dehydro‐3,14‐dihydroxy‐4,5α‐epoxy‐6,7:4′,5′‐thiazolomorphinan from naltrexone (1997)

Abstract Fusion of an azole moiety at C‐6 and C‐7 of naltrexone ( 1 ) is illustrated by the synthesis of the title compound 8 . Bromination of 3‐ O ‐methylnaltrexone led to the 1,7α‐dibromo derivative which reacted with thiourea to attach the 2‐aminothiazole ring to C‐6 and C‐7 of naltrexone. After converting the amino and alcohol groups to trimethylsilyl derivatives, the aromatic bromo group was removed by halo‐lithium interchange with butyllithium, followed by hydrolysis with water. In the final step of the synthesis, the methyl ether was cleaved by boron tribromide to generate 8 . An alternate synthesis of 8 commenced with 3‐ O ‐acetylnaltrexone ( 9 ). Bromination of 9 in acetic acid in the presence of hydrobromic acid produced a mixture of 3‐ O ‐acetyl‐7α‐bromonaltrexone ( 10 ) and 7α‐bromonaltrexone ( 11 ), both, as hydrobromides. Reaction of this mixture with thiourea furnished 8 (62% from 1 ). While 1 H and 13 C chemical shifts of all compounds are reported, those of 11 hydrobromide and 8 dihydrochloride were established unequivocally.
Compartmentalized signalling of Ras (2005)

Ras proteins associate with cellular membranes by virtue of a series of post-translational modifications of their C-terminal CAAX sequences. The discovery that two of the three enzymes that modify CAAX proteins are restricted to the endoplasmic reticulum led to the recognition that all nascent Ras proteins transit endomembranes en route to the PM (plasma membrane) and that at steady-state N-Ras and H-Ras are highly expressed on the Golgi apparatus. To test the hypothesis that Ras proteins on internal membranes can signal, we developed a fluorescent probe that reports when and where in living cells Ras becomes active. We found that growth factors stimulated rapid and transient activation of Ras on the PM followed by delayed and sustained activation on the Golgi. We mapped one pathway responsible for this activity as involving PLCgamma (phospholipase Cgamma)/DAG (diacylglycerol)+Ca2+/RasGRP1. Using mammalian cells and fission yeast, we have shown that differential localization of activated Ras preferentially activates distinct signalling pathways. In very recent work, we have found that (i) the subcellular localization of K-Ras can be acutely modulated by phosphorylation of its C-terminal hypervariable region by PKC, (ii) among the membranes upon which phosphorylated K-Ras accumulates is the outer mitochondrial membrane and (iii) phosphorylated, internalized K-Ras promotes apoptosis. Thus the signalling output of Ras depends on its subcellular localization.
Kinematics' not dead! (2002)

A trend of thought in the robotics community is that most problems in kinematics have been solved and that this domain is slowly dying. The purpose of the paper is to show that there are still many unsolved problems in this field and that research on this topic may have a large influence in many different domains.
Murine epidermal Langerhans cells mature into potent immunostimulatory dendritic cells in vitro. (1985)

Murine epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) have been studied in tissue culture and compared to spleen dendritic cells (DC). LC comprised 3% of the starting cell suspensions and were distinguished from keratinocytes by cytology and reactivity with anti-Ia and anti-Mac-1 monoclonal antibodies. The LC were nonadherent, had a low buoyant density, did not proliferate, and could be enriched to 10-50% purity. LC continued to exhibit Ia and Mac-1 antigens for 4 d in culture. However, LC rapidly lost Birbeck granules, Fc receptors, F4/80 antigen, and cytochemical reactivity for nonspecific esterase and membrane ATPase. As a result, the ultrastructure and phenotype of cultured LC became remarkably similar to lymphoid DC. Stimulatory capacity for T cell proliferative responses (oxidative mitogenesis and the mixed leukocyte reaction) was monitored daily. Initially, stimulatory capacity was very weak, even though LC expressed substantial levels of Ia antigens. After 2-3 d in culture, LC had become 3-10 times more potent than spleen DC. 30 LC could induce significant responses in cultures of 3 X 10(5) responding T cells. Removal of Ia+ LC at the start of culture ablated the development of stimulatory activity, but exposure to 1,500 rad of ionizing irradiation did not. Mixing experiments showed that contaminating Ia- epidermal cells did not alter the function of Ia+ stimulators. Therefore, LC seem to be immunologically immature, but acquire many of the features of spleen DC during culture. We suggest that functioning lymphoid DC may, in general, be derived from less mature precursors located in nonlymphoid tissues.
Ellipsometric Investigation of Corrosion of Deposited Thin Molybdenum Film (1975)

The corrosion behavior of molybdenum film was investigated in deionized water and moisture using ellipsometry. The corrosion film on molybdenum formed in deionized water was explained by a single layer model. The corrosion rate greatly depended on the content of oxygen in doionized water and the corrosion did not saturate with time. The corrosion film in moisture was not explained by a simple single layer model in the beginning of the corrosion. Ellipsometric parameter Ψ changed abnormally. The corrosion surface was considered to consist of a mixture of corrosion island and molybdenttm. These fractional volumes were calculated using Lorenz-Lorentz equation. From the change of the volumes, it was found that the corrosion of molybdenum in moisture was composed of three steps, i. e., corrosion island nucleation, corrosion island growth in the surface and corrosion film growth.
규암 송인수의 사후 평가와 추숭활동 (2007)

조선 중기 호서예학의 전성기에 100여 년 앞선 시기의 인물로 그 징검다리 역할을 한 대표적 인물이 바로 규암 송인수(圭菴 宋麟壽, 1499-1547)이다. 본고에서는 규암 송인수의 사후 추숭과 평가를 사화로 죽은 직후의 신원과 증직, 서원건립과 사액, 시호, 문집 발간 등으로 나누어 살펴보았다.향후 이러한 규암 송인수의 학문과 사상, 그리고 역사적 성격을 충실히 규명하기 위해 더 많은 자료와 흔적들이 추적될 필요가 있다고 생각한다. 문집에 수록되지 못한 다른 원자료들이 광범위하게 재 수집되어야 하며, 특히 규암과 동시기의 인물, 같은 성향의 교류했던 인물 문집이나 자료 속에서 잃어버린 규암의 행적과 사상을 유추할 자료도 많다. 다음으로 전라도 지역에는 규암의 행적일화, 기록들이 남아 전하고 있어 이를 착실히 정리하는 작업이 요망된다. 그리고 본고에서 필자가 해결하지 못한 시호연(諡號宴)과 문집 편찬의 지연문제, 문의 노봉서원 건립에 지대한 공헌을 한 보성오씨, 전주 화산서원 운영에서 관련되는 이씨, 소씨 세력의 존재에 대하여도 새로운 해명이 요망된다.
Optical immunosensors (1991)

Conference Article| February 01 1991 Optical immunosensors Grenville A. Robinson Grenville A. Robinson 1Serono Diagnostics Ltd, 21 Woking Business Park, Albert Drive, Woking, Surrey GU21 5JY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1991) 19 (1): 18–20. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0190018 Article history Received: July 26 1990 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Grenville A. Robinson; Optical immunosensors. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1991; 19 (1): 18–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0190018 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: SPR, surface plasmon resonance, BSA, bovine serum albumin, i.r.s., internal reflection spectroscopy, FCFD, fluorescent capillary fill device, HCG, human chorionic gonadotropin This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 Biochemical Society1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Service for IPv6 (2004)

Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol service for IPv6 (DHCPv6) is used by nodes to obtain configuration information, such as the addresses of DNS recursive name servers, that does not require the maintenance of any dynamic state for individual clients. A node that uses stateless DHCP must have obtained its IPv6 addresses through some other mechanism, typically stateless address autoconfiguration. This document explains which parts of RFC 3315 must be implemented in each of the different kinds of DHCP agents so that agent can support stateless DHCP.