gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibronectin Induces Endothelial Cell Migration through β1 Integrin and Src-dependent Phosphorylation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-1 at Tyrosines 653/654 and 766 (2012)

The extracellular matrix microenvironment regulates cell phenotype and function. One mechanism by which this is achieved is the transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases by specific matrix molecules. Here, we demonstrate that the provisional matrix protein, fibronectin (FN), activates fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-1 (FGFR1) independent of FGF ligand in liver endothelial cells. FN activation of FGFR1 requires β1 integrin, as evidenced by neutralizing antibody and siRNA-based studies. Complementary genetic and pharmacologic approaches identify that the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src is required for FN transactivation of FGFR1. Whereas FGF ligand-induced phosphorylation of FGFR1 preferentially activates ERK, FN-induced phosphorylation of FGFR1 preferentially activates AKT, indicating differential downstream signaling of FGFR1 in response to alternate stimuli. Mutation analysis of known tyrosine residues of FGFR1 reveals that tyrosine 653/654 and 766 residues are required for FN-FGFR1 activation of AKT and chemotaxis. Thus, our study mechanistically dissects a new signaling pathway by which FN achieves endothelial cell chemotaxis, demonstrates how differential phosphorylation profiles of FGFR1 can achieve alternate downstream signals, and, more broadly, highlights the diversity of mechanisms by which the extracellular matrix microenvironment regulates cell behavior through transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases.
A URN Namespace for IETF Documents (1999)

A system for Uniform Resource Names (URNs) must be capable of supporting new naming systems.As an example of proposing a new namespace, this document proposes the "ietf" namespace.This namespace consists of the RFC family of documents (RFCs, STDs, FYIs, and BCPs) developed by the IETF and published by the RFC Editor, the minutes of working groups (WG) and birds of a feather (BOF) meetings that occur during IETF conferences, and the Internet Drafts published by the Internet Drafts Editor.Both the current URN framework and URN syntax support this namespace.
Partial purification and biochemical characterization of human plasma thrombopoietin. (1988)

A factor that stimulates the incorporation of 75Selenomethionine into the newly formed platelets of recipient mice (thrombopoietin, TPO) has been partially purified from the plasma of thrombocytopenic patients. The activity was precipitated at 60-80% ammonium sulfate saturation and further purified with hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Thrombopoietin was retained by concanavalin-A-Sepharose. Using HPLC size-exclusion chromatography, an approximate molecular weight of 40,000 dalton was calculated. The overall purification factor was about 2,100-fold. TPO was stable in a pH range from 5 to 9 and was heat-sensitive, and the biological activity was destroyed by trypsin treatment and by dithiothreitol. The partially purified molecule did not stimulate the proliferation of megakaryocyte progenitors in vitro and had no effect on the growth of erythroid or granulocyte-macrophage colonies; when administered in-vivo, TPO significantly affected the mean platelet volume and increased the number of small acetylcholinesterase cells in the bone marrow. TPO appears to be specific for the megakaryocytic lineage and active on the postmitotic compartment of megakaryocytes.
Intracisternal enzyme replacement therapy in lysosomal storage diseases: routes of absorption into brain (2010)

Enzyme mainly enters the brain by a perivascular route involving both arteries and veins with subsequent spread within the neuropil from where it is taken up by a proportion of neurones and other cells. Penetration of enzyme through the pia/glia limitans is minor and superficial.
The organization of hemopoietic tissue as inferred from the effects of 5-fluorouracil. (1982)

Mouse bone marrow obtained one day after injection of 5-fluorouracil (FU) had a markedly diminished content of spleen colony forming units (CFUs) but retained its capacity to repopulate the marrow granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cell (GM-CFC) and CFUs compartments of 850 R irradiated hosts and had only a slightly reduced platelet repopulating ability (PRA). A significant correlation (r = 0.94, P less than 0.001) was observed between the content of high proliferative potential granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (HPP-GM-CFC) and the platelet and marrow GM-CFC repopulating abilities of bone marrow cell suspensions. Spleens of irradiated mice, injected with marrow from donors treated with FU between 1 and 7 days before showed an increase in colony numbers with time of sampling between 8-13 days after transplantation. In contrast, the colony counts observed in mice injected with normal bone marrow remained constant over that time interval. The colonies derived from bone marrow of FU treated mice grew faster than those from bone marrow of normal mice. Spleens obtained from irradiated mice, 10 days after injection of bone marrow derived from donors treated with FU 1 or 3 days before, showed only a few macroscopic surface colonies but when sectioned were found to contain large numbers of microscopic colonies, 80% of which were megakaryocytic. The results are interpreted on the basis of a clonal succession model of hemopoiesis with stem cells of varying proliferative potential and proliferation rates increasing as capacity for cell production decreases.
The Safe Operating Area of GaAs-Based Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (2006)

The safe operating area (SOA) of GaAs-based heterojunction bipolar transistors has been studied considering both the self-heating effect and the breakdown effect. The Kirk effect induced breakdown (KIB) was considered to account for the decrease of the breakdown voltage at high currents. With reasonable emitter ballastors, the KIB effect was shown to be the major cause for device failure at high currents, while the thermal effect controls the low current failure. The effect of emitter resistance and base resistance on device stability was also studied. While the emitter resistance always improves the device stability by expanding the SOAs, the base resistance degrades SOAs when the KIB dominates the failure mechanism. The effect of the base resistance on SOAs was explained by its control on the flow of the avalanche current. Since the KIB effect depends on the collector structure, it was shown that a nonuniformly doped collector can effectively improve the SOAs
Parametric identification for industrial manipulators using experimental modal analysis (1991)

Establishing the complete dynamic model of a manipulator arm requires precise knowledge of the system mass and stiffness properties. An experimental procedure based on the modal analysis concept to identify the dynamic parameters of industrial manipulator arms is presented. The mass and stiffness content of an industrial robot are extracted from the modal behavior of the arm utilizing a general mathematical model for serial manipulators. The validity of the parameters is verified by comparison of the measured vibration behavior of the arm with the behavior of the proposed model. Some suggestions to improve the performance and operating speed of the robot by increasing the structural integrity of the system are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the last 2.3 Ma from the Rockall Plateau, northeast Atlantic Ocean (1992)

The organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst record for Hole 552A of Leg 81 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project is extended to 2.3 Ma. Peaks of dinoflagellate cyst recovery are noted for isotope stages 19, 23, 25 and two unnumbered stages in Cores 7 and 8. Impagidinium cysts are persistently present throughout and especially prominent in the older sediments of Cores 7 and 8 where they are the characteristic component of the oxygen-light units. Younger dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from isotope stages 19, 23 and 25 characteristically contain Nematosphaeropsis labyrinthus (Ostenfeld) Reid, Operculodinium centrocarpum (Deflandre &amp; Cookson) Wall and Spiniferites spp., and are comparable to those recovered from sediments deposited over the last 0.7 Ma. This correlation of dinoflagellate cysts with the oxygen isotope stratigraphy over the last 2.3 Ma may provide a reference section for the eastern North Atlantic Ocean on the western flank of the Rockall Plateau.
Construction of Precise Local Affine Frames (2010)

We propose a novel method for the refinement of Maximally Stable Extremal Region (MSER) boundaries to sub-pixel precision by taking into account the intensity function in the 2 × 2 neighborhood of the contour points. The proposed method improves the repeatability and precision of Local Affine Frames (LAFs) constructed on extremal regions. Additionally, we propose a novel method for detection of local curvature extrema on the refined contour. Experimental evaluation on publicly available datasets shows that matching with the modified LAFs leads to a higher number of correspondences and a higher inlier ratio in more than 80% of the test image pairs. Since the processing time of the contour refinement is negligible, there is no reason not to include the algorithms as a standard part of the MSER detector and LAF constructions.
Systemic Administration of PRO051 in Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy (2011)

Systemically administered PRO051 showed dose-dependent molecular efficacy in patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, with a modest improvement in the 6-minute walk test after 12 weeks of extended treatment. (Funded by Prosensa Therapeutics; Netherlands National Trial Register number, NTR1241.).
THE STEREOCHEMISTRY AND MECHANISM OF DEHYDRATION OF CYCLOHEXANE DERIVATIVES (1962)

CONTENTS I. Introduction 18 II. Ionic dehydration reactions in solution 19 III. Intramolecular pyrolytic dehydration 29
Detection of platelet activation using activation specific monoclonal antibodies. (1990)

Platelets may become activated in a number of clinical disorders and participate in thrombus formation. Blood tests reflecting in vivo activation are therefore potentially useful in evaluating patients with thrombotic diseases. Three types of monoclonal antibodies have been described that react preferentially with activated platelets. Antibodies against a 53-kD lysosomal granule protein, and antibodies that recognize a 140-kD alpha-granule protein, are two types expressed on the platelet surface during secretion. A third type is not dependent on secretion and recognizes activation-dependent changes in the configuration or microenvironment of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. Several procedures were used to detect platelet activation, using radiolabeled or fluorescent antibodies. In a number of disorders, changes in platelets, reflecting activation, could be detected. For the study of in vitro and in vivo platelet activation, these tests may be useful, but further studies are needed to confirm the power and efficiency of this approach compared to other routine tests.
Preliminary Report: rhG-CSF May Reduce the Incidence of Neonatal Sepsis in Prolonged Preeclampsia-associated Neutropenia (1998)

No significant differences existed among the three groups in the birth weight, gestational age, sex, growth retardation, method of delivery, magnitude of respiratory support, use of surfactant, usage of intravascular catheters, or in the initial (pretreatment) ANC. The average baseline ANC (pretreatment) in the 10 microgram rhG-CSF group was 815 +/- 169/mm3 (mean +/- SEM), in the 5 microgram group it was 786 +/- 165/mm3, and in the conventional group it was 965 +/- 283. Eighteen of 28 (64%) neonates with preeclampsia-associated neutropenia were neutropenic at birth, the other 10 (36%) had normal neutrophil counts at birth but subsequently developed >/=3 days of neutropenia between 24 and 120 hours after birth. The ANC increased by 2-fold at 24 hours, by 4-fold at 72 hours, and 14-fold by the 7th day in the 10-microgram group. In the 5-microgram group, a 2-fold and 5-fold increase occurred at 72 hours and 7 days, respectively. In the conventionally-treated group, only a 4-fold increase was seen as late as 7 days after achieving entry criteria. Sepsis was observed in 13% (2/15) of the rhG-CSF-treated neonates compared with an incidence of 54% (7/13) in the conventionally-treated neonates. Conclusions. rhG-CSF increases the ANC significantly (at 10 microgram/kg/day x 3 days) and reduces the incidence of neonatal sepsis in critically ill ventilated neonates with prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia when compared with conventional therapy. A future prospective, randomized, and blinded trial is needed to validate the beneficial effects of prophylactic rhG-CSF therapy in neonates with prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia.
Comparison of Two Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate Compounds to Experimentally Protect Growing Barrows from Aflatoxicosis (1994)

Two formulations of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS-1 and HSCAS-3), anti-caking agents for mixed feed, were added to the diets of growing barrows and were evaluated for their potential to diminish the clinical signs of aflatoxicosis. The experimental design consisted of 8 barrows (2 replicates of 4 each/treatment) assigned to 1 of the following 6 treatment diets (total of 48): 1) 0 g of HSCAS-1 or HSCAS-3 and 0 mg of aflatoxin (AF)/kg of feed (control); 2) 5 g HSCAS-1/kg of feed; 3) 5 g HSCAS-3/kg of feed; 4) 3 mg AF/kg of feed; 5) 3 mg AF plus 5 g HSCAS-1/kg of feed; or 6) 3 mg AF plus 5 g HSCAS-3/kg of feed. Barrows were maintained in indoor concrete-floored pens, with feed and water available for 28 days (from 8 to 12 weeks of age). Barrows were observed twice daily and weighed weekly, and blood samples were collected at day 28 for hematologic, immunologic, and serum biochemical measurements. At the termination of the study, barrows were euthanized and necropsied. Barrow body weight gains were diminished, compared to those of controls, by consumption of AF alone and both of the AF plus HSCAS diets; however, the AF plus HSCAS-1 and AF plus HSCAS-3 barrow body weight gains were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of the AF-alone barrows.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
N-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-N-[(triethylenediammonium)sulfonyl]azanide: A Convenient Sulfamoylation Reagent for Alcohols (2012)

A convenient and efficient procedure is described for the sulfamoylation of alcohols using N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-[(triethylenediammonium)sulfonyl]azanide (1). The ambient temperature stable reagent 1 reacts with phenols as well as primary and secondary alcohols to give high to modest yields. The relative reaction rate of substrates was determined (primary > phenol > secondary ≫ tertiary). The reagent's utility as a selective sulfamoylation reagent with polyols is also demonstrated.
Production and characterization of biologically active Ala‐Ser‐(His)6‐Ile‐Glu‐Gly‐Arg‐human prolactin (tag‐hPRL) secreted in the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli (1996)

Human prolactin (hPRL) cDNA was obtained by screening of a pituitary cDNA library with a synthetic 21-mer oligonucleotide and with rat PRL cDNA. For its expression, use was made of a vector, p3SN8, containing tac-promoter-controlled sequences for a bacterial cellulase leader joined to sequences coding for Ala-Ser, a chromatographic affinity site consisting of six histidines and a Factor Xa cleavage site. The hPRL cDNA was inserted at the 3' end of the cleavage-site sequences. Expression in Escherichia coli led to secretion in the periplasmic space of a fully bioactive hPRL variant constituting authentic hPRL with a peptide tag, i.e. Ala-Ser-(His)6-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg, at its N-terminal. This tag-hPRL could be rapidly and efficiently purified by metal-chelate affinity chromatography. The correct processing and quality of tag-hPRL was monitored by SDS/PAGE, Western-blot analysis, immunoassay and Nb2-lymphoma-cell bioassay. Treatment with Factor Xa for tag removal was only partially successful. Periplasmic secretion of tag-hPRL of the order of 0.7 micrograms/ml per A600 unit and one-step purification indicate feasibility for tag-hPRL production for in vitro diagnostic and research applications. This is the first report describing periplasmic secretion of a bioactive form of hPRL.
Rules of the Game: Nontechnical Guides to Environmental Health (1995)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lynette Benson; Rules of the Game: Nontechnical Guides to Environmental Health. Practicing Anthropology 1 September 1995; 17 (4): 17–21. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/praa.17.4.vg28504m8u632415 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Lack of transmission of porcine circovirus type 2 to weanling pigs by feeding them spray‐dried porcine plasma (2008)

An experiment was conducted to determine whether spray-dried porcine plasma containing 2.47 x 10(5) dna copies of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) could infect weanling pigs when fed to them. Five specific pathogen-free (spf) weanling pigs were fed ad libitum for 45 days a control diet and six pigs were fed a test diet containing 8 kg sdpp per 100 kg feed. The two groups were housed in separate biosecurity level-3 rooms. None of the pigs in either group developed any clinical signs or became pcv-2 viraemic or seroconverted.
Ether, Carbonate and Urethane Deoxynucleoside Derivatives as Prodrugs. (1996)

3'-Deoxythymidine and its 3'-azido derivative, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine and 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine have been acylated to form carbonates and urethanes in chemoselective reactions. The nucleosides have been N- and/or O-alkylated by alpha-chloroethyl or chloromethyl alkyl carbonates to form alpha-alkyloxycarbonyloxyethyl or alkyloxycarbonyloxymethyl derivatives. The products are lipophilic in order to facilitate transport through biological membranes and are designed to be cleaved by esterases with liberation of the bioactive nucleoside. Initial esterase cleavage of the alkylated derivatives produces hemiacetals or -aminals which subsequently dissociate to the active nucleoside.
Pulmonary haemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnoea: time course and associated factors (1998)

Changes in pulmonary artery pressure within an obstructive apnoea and elevations of transmural pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa,tm) towards the end of apnoea are well known. The purpose of our study was to examine which factors contribute to the increase of Ppa,tm in an apnoea. In addition, the time course of Ppa,tm and associated factors during a sleep study was investigated. We analysed the association of changes in arterial oxygen saturation (Sa,O2), oesophageal pressure (Poes) to estimate intrathoracic pressure, systolic blood pressure (BPsys) to estimate left ventricular afterload, apnoea duration and the change in Ppa,tm (deltaPpa,tm) during the course of obstructive apnoeas. Consecutive apnoeas in nonrapid eye movement (NREM)-sleep at the beginning, the middle and the end of the sleep study were analysed in six patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. The mean systolic Ppa,tm was 28.0+/-12.1 mmHg at the beginning of apnoea and 38.6+/-15.5 mmHg at the end (deltaPpa,tm 10.5+/-7.4 mmHg; p<0.0001). DeltaSa,O2 (p<0.0001; odds ratio (OR) 1.45; confidence interval (CI) 1.20-1.76) and deltaPoes (p<0.0001; OR 1.22; CI 1.11-1.34) were independently associated with deltaPpa,tm in a multiple regression analysis. Apnoea duration as well as deltaPoes, deltaPpa,tm and deltaSa,O2 were all significantly higher (p<0.05) in apnoeas at the middle of the sleep study than at the beginning or the end. In conclusion, hypoxaemia and mechanical factors as an increase in negative thoracic pressure contribute to elevations of the transmural pulmonary artery pressure during an obstructive apnoea. The time course of pulmonary haemodynamics within a steep study reveals that the highest transmural pulmonary artery pressure occurs in the middle of the night with no progressive increase towards the end of the sleep study.
Padlock and proximity probes for in situ and array‐based analyses: tools for the post‐genomic era (2003)

Highly specific high-throughput assays will be required to take full advantage of the accumulating information about the macromolecular composition of cells and tissues, in order to characterize biological systems in health and disease. We discuss the general problem of detection specificity and present the approach our group has taken, involving the reformatting of analogue biological information to digital reporter segments of genetic information via a series of DNA ligation assays. The assays enable extensive, coordinated analyses of the numbers and locations of genes, transcripts and protein.
A Single Immunoglobulin-like Domain of the Human Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 Supports Adhesion by Multiple Vascular and Platelet Integrins (1997)

The neural cell adhesion molecule L1 has been shown to function as a homophilic ligand in a variety of dynamic neurological processes. Here we demonstrate that the sixth immunoglobulin-like domain of human L1 (L1-Ig6) can function as a heterophilic ligand for multiple members of the integrin superfamily including alphavbeta3, alphavbeta1, alpha5beta1, and alphaIIbbeta3. The interaction between L1-Ig6 and alphaIIbbeta3 was found to support the rapid attachment of activated human platelets, whereas a corresponding interaction with alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta1 supported the adhesion of umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mutation of the single Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif in human L1-Ig6 effectively abrogated binding by the aforementioned integrins. A L1 peptide containing this RGD motif and corresponding flanking amino acids (PSITWRGDGRDLQEL) effectively blocked L1 integrin interactions and, as an immobilized ligand, supported adhesion via alphavbeta3, alphavbeta1, alpha5beta1, and alphaIIbbeta3. Whereas beta3 integrin binding to L1-Ig6 was evident in the presence of either Ca2+, Mg2+, or Mn2+, a corresponding interaction with the beta1 integrins was only observed in the presence of Mn2+. Furthermore, such Mn2+-dependent binding by alpha5beta1 and alphavbeta1 was significantly inhibited by exogenous Ca2+. Our findings suggest that physiological levels of calcium will impose a hierarchy of integrin binding to L1 such that alphavbeta3 or active alphaIIbbeta3 > alphavbeta1 > alpha5beta1. Given that L1 can interact with multiple vascular or platelet integrins it is significant that we also present evidence for de novo L1 expression on blood vessels associated with certain neoplastic or inflammatory diseases. Together these findings suggest an expanded and novel role for L1 in vascular and thrombogenic processes.