gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor may be related to outcome in prostate cancer patients. (2000)

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) exists as a GPI anchored glycoprotein (Mr=50-60 kDa) on the surface of various cell types. This receptor can be bound by or cleaved by urokinase. The cleaved receptor, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), with an Mr=35 kDa has no known physiological function and can be identified circulating in the blood of normal individuals. Although no function has been characterized, the soluble receptor has been reported to be of clinical significance. The objective of this study is to characterize novel serum markers that can be used for the early detection of prostate cancer and to predict patient prognosis. Thirty-nine patients at the University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon, West Africa were examined for prostatic disorders. Of these, 46% were diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), while 44% of the patients were diagnosed via biopsy with prostate cancer and graded accordingly. Here we show that serum from patients with BPH or prostate cancer contains elevated levels of suPAR. To examine the significance of suPAR as a diagnostic factor, we used a suPAR ELISA kit and compared these results with serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), the current diagnostic marker for prostate cancer. PSA and serum suPAR levels in BPH and cancer patients were greatly elevated in the majority of patients, while others had undetectable levels of either. Serum levels of suPAR were high in cancer patients as well as, although to a lesser degree, in patients with BPH. Cancer patients who died during the follow-up period were found to have consistently higher serum suPAR levels than correlating serum PSA levels. These preliminary findings are the first evaluating serum suPAR levels as a possible diagnostic marker for the early detection of prostate cancer and for the prediction of patient prognosis.
Quantifying Specific Antibody Concentrations by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Slope Correction (2006)

Assessing the magnitude of an antibody response is important to many research and clinical endeavors; however, there are considerable differences in the experimental approaches used to achieve this end. Although the time-honored approach of end point titration has merit, the titer can often be misleading due to differences in how it is calculated or when samples contain high concentrations of low-avidity antibodies. One frequently employed alternative is to adapt commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, designed to measure total antibody concentrations, to estimate antigen-specific antibody concentrations. This is accomplished by coating the specific antigen of interest in place of the capture antibody provided with the kit and then using the kit's standard curve to quantify the specific antibody concentration. This approach introduces considerable imprecision, due primarily to its reliance on a single sample dilution. This "single-point" approach fails to address differences in the slope of the sample titration curve compared to that of the standard curve. Here, we describe a general approach for estimating the effective concentration of specific antibodies, using antisera against foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 peptide. This was accomplished by initially calculating the slope of the sample titration curve and then mathematically correcting the slope to that of a corresponding standard curve. A significantly higher degree of precision was attained using this approach rather than the single-point method.
Electron spin resonance studies of free radical decay in gamma‐irradiated polyethylene (1960)

Abstract Polyethylene was irradiated in vacuo at liquid nitrogen temperature and allowed to warm up. The concentration of free radicals, as observed by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, decays very quickly to a relatively stable value which is temperature dependent. This behavior is interpreted to mean that these reactive radicals are relatively close to one another as opposed to random distribution. The cold‐irradiated sample was exposed to air, and the formation of the peroxy radical was observed at −80°C. Only 40–45% of the radicals reacted. This was interpreted to mean that 90–95% of the radicals trapped at −195°C. are in the amorphous phase
La impronta de Claude Lévi-Strauss en la antropología del parentesco (2009)

Sin duda, la mayor aportacion de Claude Levi-Strauss a la teoria del parentesco es su libro Les structures elementaires de la parente, publicado en 1949. En esta obra, saludada por la intelectualidad de la epoca como un acontecimiento mayor –pienso en la resena realizada, por ejemplo, por Simone de Beauvoir en Les Temps Modernes [1]–, el autor establecia las bases de lo que posteriormente sera conocido dentro del mundo antropologico como la teoria de la alianza. Esta corriente teorica opera un desplazamiento en relacion con las bases del parentesco. Hasta entonces, la consanguinidad y la familia nuclear, en el centro del metodo genealogico ideado a principios del siglo XX por William Halse Rivers Rivers [2], habian marcado el estudio antropologico del parentesco. El fundamento del analisis intercultural de los hechos parentales reposaba en la conviccion de que, a pesar de las distancias socioculturales, habia un minimo comun denominador que servia de puente interpretativo. Esta base comun de los sistemas de parentesco, ilustrada en particular en los importantes estudios sobre las terminologias del parentesco, remitia a los terminos de las relaciones propias a la familia nuclear, consideradas aproblematicas. Asi, F (padre), M (madre), W (esposa), H (esposo), B (hermano), Z (hermana), S (hijo) y D (hija) constituian, y constituyen aun en buena medida, la base de todo ejercicio antropologico del parentesco. La escuela estructural funcionalista, liderada por Radcliffe Brown constituye el paradigma de ese tipo de aproximacion. A partir de una imagen
Coding pulse sequences using a combination of factorial pulse coding and arithmetic coding (2010)

A Factorial Pulse Coding approach using combinatorial functions for coding of pulse sequences is presented. An arithmetic coding approach for coding of pulse sequences is also described. Factorial pulse coding and arithmetic coding are compared. A method of combining the two approaches is proposed. The proposed combining method works by extending the pulse sequence by one bit whose probability is found from the arithmetic coding bounds.
Activated, N-substituted acrylamide polymers for antibody coupling: Application to a novel membrane-based immunoassay (1994)

A room-temperature-precipitable, activated terpolymer consisting of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm)/N-n-butylacrylamide(nBAAm)/N-acryloxysuccinimide (NASI) (LCST = 7-13 degrees C) at a monomer feed ratio of 60:40:2.5, respectively, was prepared and conjugated to an antibody. The conjugate was evaluated in a novel cellulose acetate (CA) membrane-based immunoassay which utilizes the especially strong physical attachment of the polymer to CA to bind and concentrate the polymer attached protein onto the membrane. When compared in the CA membrane immunoassay to the antibody-poly(NIPAAm) conjugate prepared via anhydrous copolymerization of NIPAAm and NASI at the monomer feed ratio of 40:1, respectively, the performance of the NIPAAm/nBAAm/NASI terpolymer was superior to that of the NIPAAm/NASI copolymer (LCST = 32 degrees C) when the studies were carried out at room temperature. However, the terpolymer and copolymer gave equivalent performance when the assay mixture was heated to 45 degrees C. These results indicate the importance of the LCST of the polymer component of the Ab-polymer conjugate to its adsorption and binding on the CA membrane.
Surgical Treatment of Migraine Headaches (2002)

This prospective study was conducted to investigate the role of removal of corrugator supercilii muscles, transection of the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve, and temple soft-tissue repositioning in the treatment of migraine headaches. Using the criteria set forth by the International Headache Society, the research team's neurologist evaluated patients with moderate to severe migraine headaches, to confirm the diagnosis. Subsequently, the patients completed a comprehensive migraine headaches questionnaire and the team's plastic surgeon injected 25 units of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) into each corrugator supercilii muscle. The patients were asked to maintain an accurate diary of their migraine headaches and to complete a monthly questionnaire documenting pertinent information related to their headaches. Patients in whom the injection of Botox resulted in complete elimination of the migraine headaches then underwent resection of the corrugator supercilii muscles. Those who experienced only significant improvement underwent transection of the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve with repositioning of the temple soft tissues, in addition to removal of the corrugator supercilii muscles. Once again, patients kept a detailed postoperative record of their headaches. Of the 29 patients included in the study, 24 were women and five were men, with an average age of 44.9 years (range, 24 to 63 years). Twenty-four of 29 patients (82.8 percent, p < 0.001) reported a positive response to the injection of Botox, 16 (55.2 percent, p < 0.001) observed complete elimination, eight (27.6 percent, p < 0.04) experienced significant improvement (at least 50 percent reduction in intensity or severity), and five (17.2 percent, not significant) did not notice a change in their migraine headaches. Twenty-two of the 24 patients who had a favorable response to the injection of Botox underwent surgery, and 21 (95.5 percent, p < 0.001) observed a postoperative improvement. Ten patients (45.5 percent, p < 0.01) reported elimination of migraine headaches and 11 patients (50.0 percent, p < 0.004) noted a considerable improvement. For the entire surgical group, the average intensity of the migraine headaches reduced from 8.9 to 4.1 on an analogue scale of 1 to 10, and the frequency of migraine headaches changed from an average of 5.2 per month to an average of 0.8 per month. For the group who only experienced an improvement, the intensity fell from 9.0 to 7.5 and the frequency was reduced from 5.6 to 1.0 per month. Only one patient (4.5 percent, not significant) did not notice any change. The follow-up ranged from 222 to 494 days, the average being 347 days. In conclusion, this study confirms the value of surgical treatment of migraine headaches, inasmuch as 21 of 22 patients benefited significantly from the surgery. It is also evident that injection of Botox is an extremely reliable predictor of surgical outcome.
Identification of 2′-Phosphodiesterase, Which Plays a Role in the 2-5A System Regulated by Interferon (2004)

The 2-5A system is one of the major pathways for antiviral and antitumor functions that can be induced by interferons (IFNs). The 2-5A system is modulated by 5'-triphosphorylated, 2',5'-phosphodiester-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A), which are synthesized by 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetases (2',5'-OASs), inactivated by 5'-phosphatase and completely degraded by 2'-phosphodiesterase (2'-PDE). Generated 2-5A activates 2-5A-dependent endoribonuclease, RNase L, which induces RNA degradation in cells and finally apoptosis. Although 2',5'-OASs and RNase L have been molecularly cloned and studied well, the identification of 2'-PDE has remained elusive. Here, we describe the first identification of 2'-PDE, the third key enzyme of the 2-5A system. We found a putative 2'-PDE band on SDS-PAGE by successive six-step chromatographies from ammonium sulfate precipitates of bovine liver and identified a partial amino acid sequence of the human 2'-PDE by mass spectrometry. Based on the full-length sequence of the human 2'-PDE obtained by in silico expressed sequence tag assembly, the gene was cloned by reverse transcription-PCR. The recombinant human 2'-PDE expressed in mammalian cells certainly cleaved the 2',5'-phosphodiester bond of 2-5A trimer and 2-5A analogs. Because no sequences with high homology to this human 2'-PDE were found, the human 2'-PDE was considered to be a unique enzyme without isoform. Suppression of 2'-PDE by a small interfering RNA and a 2'-PDE inhibitor resulted in significant reduction of viral replication, whereas overexpression of 2'-PDE protected cells from IFN-induced antiproliferative activity. These observations identify 2'-PDE as a key regulator of the 2-5A system and as a potential novel target for antiviral and antitumor treatments.
Regiocontrol of Soybean Lipoxygenase Oxygenation. Application to the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Methyl 15(S)-HETE and Methyl 5(S),15(S)-diHETE (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTRegiocontrol of Soybean Lipoxygenase Oxygenation. Application to the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Methyl 15(S)-HETE and Methyl 5(S),15(S)-diHETEDominique Martini, Gérard Buono, and Gilles IacazioView Author Information ENSSPICAM, URA 1410 du CNRS, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France, and Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de St Jérôme, Av. Escadrille Normandie Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 25, 9062–9064Publication Date (Web):December 13, 1996Publication History Received6 February 1996Published online13 December 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960239rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960239rbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Oxides,Oxygen,Peptides and proteins,Saturation Get e-Alerts
Efficient validity checking for processor verification (1995)

We describe an efficient validity checker for the quantifier-free logic of equality with uninterpreted functions. This logic is well suited for verifying microprocessor control circuitry since it allows the abstraction of datapath values and operations. Our validity checker uses special data structures to speed up case splitting, and powerful heuristics to reduce the number of case splits needed. In addition, we present experimental results and show that this implementation has enabled the automatic verification of an actual high-level microprocessor description.
Renal function and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome: impact of clopidogrel (2007)

Even mild chronic kidney disease worsens the prognosis in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Clopidogrel was beneficial and safe in patients with and without chronic kidney disease.
Low‐acrylamide French fries and potato chips (2008)

Acrylamide is produced in starchy foods that are baked, roasted or fried at high temperatures. Concerns about the potential health issues associated with the dietary intake of this reactive compound led us to reduce the accumulation of asparagine, one of its main precursors, in the tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum). This metabolic change was accomplished by silencing two asparagine synthetase genes through 'all-native DNA' transformation. Glasshouse-grown tubers of the transformed intragenic plants contained up to 20-fold reduced levels of free asparagine. This metabolic change coincided with a small increase in the formation of glutamine and did not affect tuber shape or yield. Heat-processed products derived from the low-asparagine tubers were also indistinguishable from their untransformed counterparts in terms of sensory characteristics. However, both French fries and potato chips accumulated as little as 5% of the acrylamide present in wild-type controls. Given the important role of processed potato products in the modern Western diet, a replacement of current varieties with intragenic potatoes could reduce the average daily intake of acrylamide by almost one-third.
Method of reliable determination of minimal lethal antibiotic concentrations (1980)

The lack of a standardized, statistically reliable method for in vitro determinations of the minimal lethal or bactericidal concentrations of antibiotics has complicated analyses of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus which appear to be inhibited but not killed by the usual concentrations of cell wall-active antibiotics. We describe a method which identifies some of the covariants involved in determinations of minimal lethal concentrations. Lethality was defined as a 99.9% reduction in the initial inoculum of bacteria after 24 h of incubation. We limited the sample volume to 0.01 ml to minimize the inhibitory effect of antibiotic and corresponding rejection values, which detected lethality with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. When the number of colonies on subculture was equal to or less than the rejection value, the antibiotic was considered lethal for the test organism. Rejection values encompassed initial inocula from 10(5) to 10(7) colony-forming units per ml for single and duplicate samples and allowed for 1 or 5% variability in pipette volumes and errors in initial inoculum determinations. This method was used to determine the minimal lethal concentrations of semi-synthetic penicillins for S. aureau isolates, one of which was tolerant to the killing action of penicillin.
Comparative analysis of cytokeratin 15, TDAG51, cytokeratin 20 and androgen receptor in sclerosing adnexal neoplasms and variants of basal cell carcinoma (2015)

Combination of CK20 and AR best differentiated these sclerosing adnexal neoplasms. Greater positivity for CK15 and TDAG51 generally favors benign lesions. Infundibulocystic BCC has higher CK20 and lower AR immunopositivity than other BCC variants and a high degree of CK15 and TDAG51 positivity.
Drugs from the Sea: Conopeptides as Potential Therapeutics (2004)

Marine cone snails from the genus Conus are estimated to consist of up to 700 species. These predatory molluscs have devised an efficient venom apparatus that allows them to successfully capture polychaete worms, other molluscs or in some cases fish as their primary food sources. The toxic venom used by the cone shells contains up to 50 different peptides that selectively inhibit the function of ion channels involved in the transmission of nerve signals in animals. Each of the 700 Conus species contains a unique set of peptides in their venom. Across the genus Conus, the conotoxins represent an extensive array of ion channel blockers each showing a high degree of selectivity for particular types of channels. We have undertaken a study of the conotoxins from Australian species of Conus that have the capacity to inhibit specifically the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in higher animals. These conotoxins have been identified by mass spectroscopy and their peptide sequences in some cases deduced by the application of modern molecular biology to the RNA extracted from venom ducts. The molecular biological approach has proven more powerful than earlier protein/peptide based technique tor the detection of novel conotoxins [1,2]. Novel conotoxins detected in this way have been further screened for their abilities to modify the responses of tissues to pain stimuli as a first step in describing their potential as lead compounds for novel drugs. This review describes the progress made by several research groups to characterise the properties of conopeptides and to use them as drug leads for the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of a range of neurological conditions.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide (1993)

This study demonstrates that 20 ppm inhaled NO is a selective pulmonary vasodilator in cardiac surgical patients before and after CPB and in patients in whom the circulation is supported with a VAD. Furthermore, NO-induced pulmonary vasodilation is proportional to PVRb and does not appear to be altered by CPB, the presence of a VAD, or infusion of nitrates.
Observation of Water Confined in Nanometer Channels of Closed Carbon Nanotubes (2004)

We present a method to fill 2−5-nm-diameter channels of closed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) with an aqueous fluid and perform in situ high-resolution observations of fluid dynamic behavior in this confined system. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations confirm the successful filling of two types of MWNTs and reveal disordered gas/liquid interfaces contrasting the smooth curved menisci visualized previously in MWNT with diameter above 10 nm. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analyses, along with TEM simulation, indicate the presence of water in MWNT. A wet−dry transition on the nanometer scale is also demonstrated by means of external heating. The results suggest that when ultrathin channels such as carbon nanotubes contain water, fluid mobility is greatly retarded compared to that on the macroscale. The present findings pose new challenges for modeling and device development work in this area.
A TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID FIBER/COAXIAL CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEM (1988)

Improvements In the quality of the delivered NTSC signal In CATV systems may be obtained by the application of fiber backbone technology. These signal Improvements will be the result of decreased cascades of traditional cable television amplifiers following the fiber node. These Improvements are measurable In terms of carrier-to­ noise ratio, and lntermodulatlon products. The resulting Improvement In system overhead may be excha,nged for additional bandwidth, for Increased system reach, or for Improved quality of the delivered slg nal. This paper presents the evaluation we performed for one of our existing systems. We show the Improvements In performance which are obtained with fiber backbone. We also show how the same system can be upgraded from 270 MHz to 550 MHz, without changing trunk cable, trunk locations, or using microwave hubs. The 270.550 MHz upgrade example focuses on the exchange of performance for additional bandwidth.
Diurnal fluctuation of blood ammonia levels in adult-type citrullinemia. (1982)

A 48-year-old man, who was diagnosed as adult-type citrullinemia by quantitative estimation of urea cycle enzymes in the liver, showed a regular nocturnal rise of blood ammonia level. In order to elucidate the mechanism of diurnal fluctuation of blood ammonia level, the patient was put into fasting state for four days. The blood ammonia level rose at the night of the first fasting day even though no food was taken, then it decreased gradually and reached the lowest level in the morning of the third fasting day. Intravenous administration of amino acids mixture under the same starved condition gave rise to a significant elevation of blood ammonia level. Based on these results, it was concluded that hyperammonemia of adult-type citrullinemia could result from the accumulation of free ammonia which was produced from the catabolism of amino acids absorbed from the small intestine and surpassed the urea synthesis of defective urea cycle to flood into the blood. Furthermore, the rise of blood ammonia level at the night of the first fasting day suggested that the circadian rhythm of amino acid-carbohydrate metabolism might superimpose on the process mentioned above.