gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LDPC Block and Convolutional Codes Based on Circulant Matrices (2004)

A class of algebraically structured quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and their convolutional counterparts is presented. The QC codes are described by sparse parity-check matrices comprised of blocks of circulant matrices. The sparse parity-check representation allows for practical graph-based iterative message-passing decoding. Based on the algebraic structure, bounds on the girth and minimum distance of the codes are found, and several possible encoding techniques are described. The performance of the QC LDPC block codes compares favorably with that of randomly constructed LDPC codes for short to moderate block lengths. The performance of the LDPC convolutional codes is superior to that of the QC codes on which they are based; this performance is the limiting performance obtained by increasing the circulant size of the base QC code. Finally, a continuous decoding procedure for the LDPC convolutional codes is described.
Combined treatment with thymosin-α1 and low dose interferon-α after dacarbazine in advanced melanoma (2000)

Rasi, G.; Terzoli, E.; Izzo, F.; Pierimarchi, P.; Ranuzzi, M.; Sinibaldi-Vallebona, P.; Tuthill, C.; Garaci, E. Author Information
Effects of Neonatal Systemic Inflammation on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Behaviour in Juvenile and Adult Rats (2011)

Several neurological disorders have been linked to inflammatory insults suffered during development. We investigated the effects of neonatal systemic inflammation, induced by LPS injections, on blood-brain barrier permeability, endothelial tight junctions and behaviour of juvenile (P20) and adult rats. LPS-treatment resulted in altered cellular localisation of claudin-5 and changes in ultrastructural morphology of a few cerebral blood vessels. Barrier permeability to sucrose was significantly increased in LPS treated animals when adult but not at P20 or earlier. Behavioural tests showed that LPS treated animals at P20 exhibited altered behaviour using prepulse inhibition (PPI) analysis, whereas adults demonstrated altered behaviour in the dark/light test. These data indicate that an inflammatory insult during brain development can change blood-brain barrier permeability and behaviour in later life. It also suggests that the impact of inflammation can occur in several phases (short- and long-term) and that each phase might lead to different behavioural modifications.
Cutting Edge: Ly49A Inhibits TCR/CD3-Induced Apoptosis and IL-2 Secretion (2001)

To evaluate the importance of Ly49A on TCR-induced cellular events, we established clones of the 1F2 T cell hybridoma expressing either Ly49A or a chimeric version, Ly49A/H, where the Ly49A cytoplasmic domain has been replaced by the Ly49H cytoplasmic domain. Ligation of Ly49A, but not Ly49A/H, with its ligand H-2D(d) or anti-Ly49A mAbs caused a specific inhibition of TCR/CD3-induced IL-2 secretion. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis of hypodiploid DNA and annexin V binding revealed that ligation of Ly49A protected cells from apoptosis induced by anti-CD3 mAbs or Ag. In contrast, ligation of the Ly49A/H chimeric receptor had no antiapoptotic effect. In addition, engagement of Ly49A selectively inhibited TCR-induced Fas ligand expression whereas TCR-induced Fas expression was not significantly affected. Expression of Ly49 inhibitory receptors on T cells may represent an important mechanism for the regulation of T cell survival in vivo by inhibiting TCR-induced apoptosis and IL-2 secretion.
The Use of Aprepitant in Brachioradial Pruritus (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Buoyant Densities and Dry-Matter Contents of Microorganisms: Conversion of a Measured Biovolume into Biomass (1983)

Several isolates of bacteria and fungi from soil, together with cells released directly from soil, were studied with respect to buoyant density and dry weight. The specific volume (cubic centimeters per gram) of wet cells as measured in density gradients of colloidal silica was correlated with the percent dry weight of the cells and found to be in general agreement with calculations based on the partial specific volume of major cell components. The buoyant density of pure bacterial cultures ranged from 1.035 to 1.093 g/cm, and their dry-matter content ranged from 12 to 33% (wt/wt). Average values proposed for the conversion of bacterial biovolume into biomass dry weight are 1.09 g/cm and 30% dry matter. Fungal hyphae had buoyant densities ranging from 1.08 to 1.11 g/cm, and their dry-matter content ranged from 18 to 25% (wt/wt). Average values proposed for the conversion of hyphal biovolume into biomass dry weight are 1.09 g/cm and 21% dry matter. Three of the bacterial isolates were found to have cell capsules. The calculated buoyant density and percent dry weight of these capsules varied from 1.029 g/cm and 7% dry weight to 1.084 g/cm and 44% dry weight. The majority of the fungi were found to produce large amounts of extracellular material when grown in liquid cultures. This material was not produced when the fungi were grown on either sterile spruce needles or membrane filters on an agar surface. Fungal hyphae in litter were shown to be free from extracellular materials.
Study on aphid control by applying Harmonia (Leis) axyridis (2017)

The larvae of the varied color ladybug Harmonia (Leis) axyridis eat aphids. The first larval instar can eat 32 aphids a day. The second larval instar can eat 85 aphids per day. The third and the fourth larval instars can consume 169 and 203 aphids every day, respectively. Each larval instar can eat 120 aphids on average. The adult can eat 160 aphids every day.[1] The amount of aphids consumed by the adult of the varied color ladybug Harmonia (Leis) axyridis is higher than that of other ladybugs. The ladybugs have a broad appetite (wide eating patterns). They can eat almost all kinds of aphids. They aggregate during hibernation. The population of this ladybug is very large. Therefore, it is a natural enemy worthy of development and utilization. Since the aggregation habit of the ladybug in hibernation was reported in the 1960's, [2] many valuable studies about the ladybug have been done. The investigation on site hibernation[3] , occurrence and habits[4-5] and the study of controlling cucumber aphid and cotton aphid etc. were included in this research. However, because the adult has a habit of disperal toward higher elevations, it is difficult to establish a source of ladybug colonies in flatlands. Moreover the larvae are suicidal. It is not easy to raise the ladybug on a large scale. Therefore, for a long time the ladybug has not played an important role in controlling aphids in the field. Changbai Mountain is a region with the largest quantity of hibernating ladybugs [3]. It is also the place where the aggregation habit of adults in hibernation was first discovered [1]. We have done some experiments and research in Changbai Mountain since 1987 on biological characteristics of the varied color ladybug Harmonia (Leis) axyridis, such as oviposition of hibernating adults and hatching behavior from eggs to larvae. While we summarize previous research evidence, we base our work on the principle of “taking from nature, applying to field, developing in laboratory and releasing to nature”. We have done some release experiments to control soybean aphid and have simulated experiments for farmers rearing ladybugs by themselves. Now the data is presented as follows.
Co-existence of multiple strains of porcine circovirus type 2 in the same pig from China (2011)

Pigs are often co-infected by different viral strains from the same virus. Up to now, there are few reports about co-existence of different porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate it in Chinese swine herds. 118 PCV2 positive DNAs isolated from diseased pigs identified by classic PCR were re-detected using a modified differential PCR assay. The results indicated that co-existence rates of PCV2 were 32.2% (38/118) in diseased pigs and 0% (0/41) in asymptomatic pigs. Four PCV2 complete genomes were cloned from two co-infected samples and their nucleotide (nt) identities were 95%-97.3%. The phylogenetic analysis showed that four PCV2 strains were divided into different genotypes, PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2d and PCV2e, respectively. In addition, co-existence were not detected in 41 serum samples from healthy pigs but PCV2 single infection (31.7%, 13/41) existed. These data revealed that the co-existence of different strains of PCV2 might contribute to the development of more severe clinical symptoms for pigs. This is the first report confirming the co-existence of different PCV2 strains in Chinese swine herds. Meanwhile, this study could help us to understand new infection and prevalence forms of PCV2 clinically.
Beyond catalysis: N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as components for medicinal, luminescent, and functional materials applications (2010)

This tutorial review compiles the advances that have been achieved in using transition metal complexes containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands as components for materials. Applications of metal carbene complexes in fields different from catalysis are remarkably scarce. During the last few years, promising results have been accomplished in particular by utilizing such complexes as antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents, as photoactive sites in luminescent materials, for self-assembly into liquid crystalline materials and metallosupramolecular structures, and as synthons for molecular switches and conducting polymeric materials. These initial achievements clearly underline the great potential of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in various fields of materials science.
Molecular design for recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector production (2017)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are increasingly popular tools for gene therapy applications. Their non-pathogenic status, low inflammatory potential, availability of viral serotypes with different tissue tropisms, and prospective long-lasting gene expression are important attributes that make rAAVs safe and efficient therapeutic options. Over the last three decades, several groups have engineered recombinant AAV-producing platforms, yielding high titers of transducing vector particles. Current specific productivity yields from different platforms range from 10<sup>3</sup> to 10<sup>5</sup> vector genomes (vg) per cell, and there is an ongoing effort to improve vector yields in order to satisfy high product demands required for clinical trials and future commercialization.Crucial aspects of vector production include the molecular design of the rAAV-producing host cell line along with the design of AAV genes, promoters, and regulatory elements. Appropriately, configuring and balancing the expression of these elements not only contributes toward high productivity, it also improves process robustness and product quality. In this mini-review, the rational design of rAAV-producing expression systems is discussed, with special attention to molecular strategies that contribute to high-yielding, biomanufacturing-amenable rAAV production processes. Details on molecular optimization from four rAAV expression systems are covered: adenovirus, herpesvirus, and baculovirus complementation systems, as well as a recently explored yeast expression system.
Effects of fibrin sealant on incorporation of autograft and xenograft tendons within bone tunnels (1989)

The anterior and posterior tibialis tendons in both hindlimbs of six adult dogs were rerouted through extraarticular bone holes created in the distal tibial metaphysis. Xenograft tendons of comparable dimensions were used in an additional six dogs. Fibrin Sealant System (FSS) was applied to the bone tendon interface in the right legs, whereas the left legs were used as controls. The animals were sacrificed at 5, 9, and 28 days. Coronal sections of the distal tibias were studied histologically and microangiographically. The autogenous tendons appeared to incorporate by means of fibrous ingrowth, whereas spicules of new bone in direct opposition to the xenografts were observed at 28 days. FSS promoted organization and maturation of fibrous connective tissue surrounding both implants at early sacrifice but did not appreciably alter incorporation at 28 days.
Antiallergic activity of 2-nitroindan-1,3-diones (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiallergic activity of 2-nitroindan-1,3-dionesDerek R. Buckle, Neil J. Morgan, Janet W. Ross, Harry Smith, and Barbara A. SpicerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 12, 1334–1339Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00270a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00270a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1971Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Claudin-18 Is an Early-Stage Marker of Pancreatic Carcinogenesis (2011)

Pancreatic ductal neoplasms exhibit gastric epithelium-like characteristics. In this study, we evaluated the expression of claudin-18 (CLDN18), a gastric epithelium-associated claudin, in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) using immunohistochemistry. We observed a high level of expression of CLDN18 in PanINs (31/32, 97%), IPMNs (61/65, 95%), and MCNs (4/5, 80%) using ordinary tissue section analysis. Furthermore, we observed a high level of CLDN18 expression in PDACs (109/156, 70%) using tissue microarray analysis. However, the normal pancreatic duct or the ductal metaplasia of the acinar cells was not immunoreactive. Comparative analysis of CLDN18 and phenotypic markers in IPMNs revealed that simultaneous expression of CLDN18 and intestinal markers frequently occurred, even in intestinal-type IPMNs. CLDN18 variant 2 mRNA was expressed and was similarly upregulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment in pancreatic cancer cell lines and in a gastric cancer cell line. An inhibitor of pan-PKC (GF109203X) completely suppressed this upregulation in pancreatic cancer cells. These results indicate that CLDN18, a marker for the early carcinogenetic process, is commonly expressed in precursor lesions of PDAC. Activation of the PKC pathway might be involved in CLDN18 expression associated with pancreatic carcinogenesis.
Additional sequence complexity in the muscle gene, unc-22, and its encoded protein, twitchin, of Caenorhabditis elegans. (1993)

Null mutations of the Caenorhabditis elegans unc-22 gene cause a pronounced body surface twitch associated with impaired movement and disruption of muscle structure. Partial sequence analysis of unc-22 has previously revealed that its encoded polypeptide, named twitchin, consists of a single protein kinase domain and multiple copies of both an immunoglobulin-like domain and a fibronectin type III-like domain. This paper reports additional DNA sequence information that has revealed the transcription start of unc-22, the N terminus of twitchin, and an explanation for the weak phenotype of a transposon insertion allele. These new data indicate that the unc-22 gene is 18 kb larger than previously reported and has a transcription unit of 38,308 bp. These data add 791 amino acids to the twitchin N terminus for a complete polypeptide size of 6,839 amino acids and a predicted molecular weight of 753,494. This new polypeptide sequence includes four additional copies of the above-mentioned immunoglobulin-like domains and also includes a glycine-rich sequence that might form a flexible hinge. The additional coding sequence reveals that the insertion of the Tc1 transposon, in the unc-22 allele, st139, should disrupt twitchin structure because it is located in an exon. However, cDNA sequencing has revealed that several cryptic splice donors and acceptors adjacent to the Tc1 insertion site are used to splice the transposon out of unc-22(st139) mRNA. One of these splicing events produces a near wild-type mRNA that deletes only six amino acids from twitchin, and this might explain the unusually mild phenotype associated with this mutation.
RNA interference in Trypanosoma brucei: cloning of small interfering RNAs provides evidence for retroposon-derived 24-26-nucleotide RNAs. (2001)

In animals and protozoa, gene-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) triggers degradation of homologous cellular RNAs, a phenomenon known as RNA interference (RNAi). In vitro and in vivo dsRNA is processed by a nuclease to produce 21-25-nt small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that guide target RNA degradation. Here we show that activation of RNAi in Trypanosoma bruceiby expression or electroporation of actin dsRNA results in production of actin siRNAs and that 10% of these RNAs sediment as high-molecular-weight complexes at 100,000 x g. To characterize actin siRNAs, we established a cloning and enrichment strategy starting from 20-30 nt RNAs isolated from high-speed pellet and supernatant fractions. Sequence analysis revealed that actin siRNAs are 24-26 nt long and their distribution relative to actin dsRNA was similar in the two fractions. By sequencing over 1,300 fragments derived from the high-speed pellet fraction RNA, we found abundant 24-26-nt-long fragments homologous to the ubiquitous retroposon INGI and the site-specific retroposon SLACS. Northern hybridization with strand-specific probes confirmed that retroposon-derived 24-26-nt RNAs are present in both supernatant and high-speed pellet fractions and that they are constitutively expressed. We speculate that RNAi in trypanosomes serves a housekeeping function and is likely to be involved in silencing retroposon transcripts.
Targeted gene disruption reveals a role for natural secretory IgM in the maturation of the primary immune response (1998)

Accelerated development of the secondary immune response may be attributable in part to the rapid delivery of antigen to lymphoid follicles by circulating antibody elicited on primary immunization. Here we provide evidence indicating that the nonspecific IgM present in naive mice (natural antibody) plays a role in the acceleration of the primary response. Targeted deletion of the Ig microseconds polyadenylation site by use of Cre recombinase allowed the creation of mice that, although harboring a normal number of B cells expressing surface IgM, completely lacked serum IgM while retaining the other Ig isotypes. These mice retained a broadly normal B lymphocyte distribution (although containing a somewhat expanded peritoneal B1a subset) but exhibited substantial delays in mounting affinity-matured IgG responses to T cell-dependent antigens. The T cell-independent response, however, was augmented. The data indicate that the IgM present before antigen challenge (as well, possibly, as that elicited immediately after immunization) accelerates maturation of the primary response, presumably by complexing with the antigen and facilitating lymphocyte activation and/or antigen trapping.
Regulation of Phosphoinositide Phospholipases by Hormones, Neurotransmitters, and Other Agonists Linked to G Proteins (1996)

The actions of many hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors are mediated by the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate catalyzed by specific isozymes of phospholipase C. This hydrolysis releases inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, which mobilizes Ca2+ ions from components of the endoplasmic reticulum, and 1,2-diacylglycerol, which activates isozymes of protein kinase C. The hormones and neurotransmitters activate beta-isozymes of phospholipase C through receptors that have seven transmembrane segments and couple to G proteins of the Gq and Gi/o families. Activation of phospholipase C by the Gq family involves their alpha-subunits, whereas activation by the Gi/o family involves their beta gamma-subunits. The growth factors activate gamma-isozymes of phospholipase C through receptors that become autophosphorylated due to their stimulated tyrosine kinase activity and provide binding sites for the Src homology domains of the isozymes. The molecular mechanisms by which agonists activate phopholipase isozymes are described in detail.
Data Mining and Electronic Health Records: Selecting Optimal Clinical Treatments in Practice (2011)

Electronic health records (EHR's) are only a first step in capturing and utilizing health-related data - the problem is turning that data into useful information. Models produced via data mining and predictive analysis profile inherited risks and environmental/behavioral factors associated with patient disorders, which can be utilized to generate predictions about treatment outcomes. This can form the backbone of clinical decision support systems driven by live data based on the actual population. The advantage of such an approach based on the actual population is that it is adaptive. Here, we evaluate the predictive capacity of a clinical EHR of a large mental healthcare provider (~75,000 distinct clients a year) to provide decision support information in a real-world clinical setting. Initial research has achieved a 70% success rate in predicting treatment outcomes using these methods.