gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photogrammetric calibration of the SwissRanger 3D range imaging sensor (2008)

Many robotic and industrial systems require 3D range-sensing capabilities for mapping, localization, navigation, and obstacle avoidance. Laser-scanning systems that mechanically trace a range-sensing beam over a raster or similar pattern can produce highly accurate models but tend to be bulky and slow when acquiring a significant field of view at useful resolutions. Stereo cameras can provide video-rate range images over significant fields of view but tend to have difficulty with scenes containing low or confusing textures. A new generation of active light, time-of-flight range sensors use a 2D array of sensor elements to produce a 3D range image at video rates. These sensors pose unique calibration challenges, requiring both the usual calibration of lens distortion (intrinsic calibration) and calibration of the time-of-flight range measurement (3D calibration). This paper presents our application of a photogrammetric calibration approach using inexpensive printed optical targets and off-the-shelf software to solve both intrinsic and range calibrations for the MESA Imaging SwissRanger 3100 range imaging sensor. We further identify specific calibration issues stemming from this sensor's correlation of reflectivity with measured range.
Fibroblast growth factor signalling in the hair growth cycle: Expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor and ligand genes in the murine hair follicle (1996)

Using RNA in situ hybridization analysis, we have characterized the expression domains of the four known members of the FGF receptor-tyrosine kinase gene family in the murine hair follicle at various stages of the hair growth cycle. During anagen, we detected Fgfr1 RNA in the dermal papilla, Fgfr2 RNA in hair matrix cells near the dermal papilla, Fgfr3 RNA in pre-cuticle cells in the periphery of the hair bulb, and Fgfr4 RNA in cells in the periphery of the hair bulb and also in the inner and outer root sheath in the lower half of the follicle neck. No RNA expression of these genes was detected during late catagen or telogen. We have previously shown that Fgf5 is expressed in the outer root sheath in the transient portion of the follicle (Hébert et al. [1994] Cell 78:1017-1025). In the present study we have also assayed for the expression of six other members of the FGF ligand gene family, Fgf3, Fgf4, Fgf6, Fgf7, Fgf8, and Fgf9. Among these FGF genes, only Fgf7 was found to be expressed in the hair follicle. Fgf7 RNA is localized to the dermal papilla during anagen, but expression is down-regulated by the late-anagen VI stage. We have also demonstrated that addition of FGF5 protein to the culture medium changes the behavior of dermal papilla cells in vitro, indicating that they are capable of responding to FGF5. Together with previously published data, these results provide a complete analysis of FGF ligand and FGF receptor-tyrosine kinase gene expression in the hair follicle, and suggest that FGF signalling may have several functions in the hair growth cycle.
Interacting with large displays from a distance with vision-tracked multi-finger gestural input (2006)

We explore the idea of using vision-based hand tracking over a constrained tabletop surface area to perform multi-finger and whole-hand gestural interactions with large displays from a distance. We develop bimanual techniques to support a variety of asymmetric and symmetric interactions, including fast targeting and navigation to all parts of a large display from the comfort of a desk and chair, as well as techniques that exploit the ability of the vision-based hand tracking system to provide multi-finger identification and full 2D hand segmentation.
An HIV-1 gp120 Envelope Human Monoclonal Antibody That Recognizes a C1 Conformational Epitope Mediates Potent Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) Activity and Defines a Common ADCC Epitope in Human HIV-1 Serum (2011)

Among nonneutralizing HIV-1 envelope antibodies (Abs), those capable of mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity have been postulated to be important for control of HIV-1 infection. ADCC-mediating Ab must recognize HIV-1 antigens expressed on the membrane of infected cells and bind the Fcγ receptor (FcR) of the effector cell population. However, the precise targets of serum ADCC antibody are poorly characterized. The human monoclonal antibody (MAb) A32 is a nonneutralizing antibody isolated from an HIV-1 chronically infected person. We investigated the ability of MAb A32 to recognize HIV-1 envelope expressed on the surface of CD4(+) T cells infected with primary and laboratory-adapted strains of HIV-1, as well as its ability to mediate ADCC activity. The MAb A32 epitope was expressed on the surface of HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells earlier than the CD4-inducible (CD4i) epitope bound by MAb 17b and the gp120 carbohydrate epitope bound by MAb 2G12. Importantly, MAb A32 was a potent mediator of ADCC activity. Finally, an A32 Fab fragment blocked the majority of ADCC-mediating Ab activity in plasma of subjects chronically infected with HIV-1. These data demonstrate that the epitope defined by MAb A32 is a major target on gp120 for plasma ADCC activity.
CO 2 response for expression of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase genes is inhibited by AT‐rich decoy in the cyanobacterium (2003)

The CO(2)-regulatory function of the AT-rich element in the promoter for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbc) genes in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 was analyzed using the transcription factor decoy approach. Double-stranded phosphorothioate AT-rich oligonucleotides with high affinity for a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein were successfully introduced into cyanobacterial cells in culture without any transfection reagent. The AT-rich decoy oligonucleotides interfered with CO(2) regulation of rbc expression by blocking the binding of the sequence-specific DNA-binding protein, indicating that the AT-rich element plays a critical role in CO(2) regulation for rbc genes. The decoy oligonucleotide approach to cyanobacteria provides a simple and excellent tool for investigating transcriptional regulation in vivo.
A Three-Mirror Space Telescope (1975)

A highly corrected three-mirror telescope has been designed for space application. It is free of spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and field curvature. The rms-spot size within a 40 arc min field is equal to or better than .025 arc sec. The full field cannot be utilized in its entireness. A number of subfields for different instruments can be folded out radially.
cis-Trimedlure: Attraction for the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Isomeric Structural Assignments1 (1986)

Journal Article cis-Trimedlure: Attraction for the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Isomeric Structural Assignments Get access T. P. McGovern, T. P. McGovern Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. T. Cunningham, R. T. Cunningham Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. A. Leonhardt B. A. Leonhardt Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 79, Issue 1, 1 February 1986, Pages 98–102, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/79.1.98 Published: 01 February 1986 Article history Received: 14 June 1985 Accepted: 28 October 1985 Published: 01 February 1986
Arsenite-Induced Pseudo-Hypoxia Results in Loss of Anchorage-Dependent Growth in BEAS-2B Pulmonary Epithelial Cells (2014)

Epidemiology studies have established a strong link between lung cancer and arsenic exposure. Currently, the role of disturbed cellular energy metabolism in carcinogenesis is a focus of scientific interest. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1A) is a key regulator of energy metabolism, and it has been found to accumulate during arsenite exposure under oxygen-replete conditions. We modeled arsenic-exposed human pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro with BEAS-2B, a non-malignant lung epithelial cell line. Constant exposure to 1 µM arsenite (As) resulted in the early loss of anchorage-dependent growth, measured by soft agar colony formation, beginning at 6 weeks of exposure. This arsenite exposure resulted in HIF-1A accumulation and increased glycolysis, similar to the physiologic response to hypoxia, but in this case under oxygen-replete conditions. This "pseudo-hypoxia" response was necessary for the maximal acquisition of anchorage-independent growth in arsenite-exposed BEAS-2B. The HIF-1A accumulation and induction in glycolysis was sustained throughout a 52 week course of arsenite exposure in BEAS-2B. There was a time-dependent increase in anchorage-independent growth during the exposure to arsenite. When HIF-1A expression was stably suppressed, arsenite-induced glycolysis was abrogated, and the anchorage-independent growth was reduced. These findings establish that arsenite exerts a hypoxia-mimetic effect, which plays an important role in the subsequent gain of malignancy-associated phenotypes.
Upregulation of Sodium Channel Nav1.3 and Functional Involvement in Neuronal Hyperexcitability Associated with Central Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury (2003)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons and central neuropathic pain. We hypothesized that these phenomena are consequences, in part, of dysregulated expression of voltage-gated sodium channels. Because the rapidly repriming TTX-sensitive sodium channel Nav1.3 has been implicated in peripheral neuropathic pain, we investigated its role in central neuropathic pain after SCI. In this study, adult male Sprague Dawley rats underwent T9 spinal contusion injury. Four weeks after injury when extracellular recordings demonstrated hyperexcitability of L3-L5 dorsal horn multireceptive nociceptive neurons, and when pain-related behaviors were evident, quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemistry revealed an upregulation of Nav1.3 in dorsal horn nociceptive neurons. Intrathecal administration of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) targeting Nav1.3 resulted in decreased expression of Nav1.3 mRNA and protein, reduced hyperexcitability of multireceptive dorsal horn neurons, and attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia after SCI. Expression of Nav1.3 protein and hyperexcitability in dorsal horn neurons as well as pain-related behaviors returned after cessation of antisense delivery. Responses to normally noxious stimuli and motor function were unchanged in SCI animals administered Nav1.3 antisense, and administration of mismatch ODNs had no effect. These results demonstrate for the first time that Nav1.3 is upregulated in second-order dorsal horn sensory neurons after nervous system injury, showing that SCI can trigger changes in sodium channel expression, and suggest a functional link between Nav1.3 expression and neuronal hyperexcitability associated with central neuropathic pain.
Inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects mediated via parasympathetic ganglia in the dog heart (2000)

Some parasympathetic ganglionic cells are located in the epicardial fat pad between the medial superior vena cava and the aortic root (SVC-Ao fat pad) of the dog. We investigated whether the ganglionic cells in the SVC-Ao fat pad control the right atrial contractile force, sinus cycle length (SCL), and atrioventricular (AV) conduction in the autonomically decentralized heart of the anesthetized dog. Stimulation of both sides of the cervical vagal complexes (CVS) decreased right atrial contractile force, increased SCL, and prolonged AV interval. Stimulation of the rate-related parasympathetic nerves to the sinoatrial (SA) node (SAPS) increased SCL and decreased atrial contractile force. Stimulation of the AV conduction-related parasympathetic nerves to the AV node prolonged AV interval. Trimethaphan, a ganglionic nicotinic receptor blocker, injected into the SVC-Ao fat pad attenuated the negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic responses to CVS by 33 approximately 37%. On the other hand, lidocaine, a sodium channel blocker, injected into the SVC-Ao fat pad almost totally inhibited the inotropic and chronotropic responses to CVS and partly inhibited the dromotropic one. Lidocaine or trimethaphan injected into the SAPS locus abolished the inotropic responses to SAPS, but it partly attenuated those to CVS, although these treatments abolished the chronotropic responses to SAPS or CVS. These results suggest that parasympathetic ganglionic cells in the SVC-Ao fat pad, differing from those in SA and AV fat pads, nonselectively control the atrial contractile force, SCL, and AV conduction partially in the dog heart.
Analogs for acetoacetate as an enzyme substrate. Stereochemical preferences (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalogs for acetoacetate as an enzyme substrate. Stereochemical preferencesSteven A. Benner and Thomas Hellman MortonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 4, 991–993Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00394a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00394a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Estimated Effect of 17 Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate on Preterm Birth in the United States (2005)

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PD‐1/PDL1 and CD28/CD80 pathways modulate natural killer T cell function to inhibit hepatitis B virus replication (2013)

α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer)-activated natural killer T (NKT) cells have antiviral properties against hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, α-GalCer activation of NKT cells can induce anergy. We hypothesized that this effect may be overcome by a treatment strategy that includes manipulation of CD28/CD80 costimulatory and PD-1/PDL1 coinhibitory signals of NKT cells, thereby enhancing the anti-HBV effect of α-GalCer. We established a transgenic mouse model of chronic HBV infection and investigated hepatic NKT cell frequencies, functions and expression of immunomodulatory factors. Our results showed that compared with uninfected control mice, hepatic NKT cells from HBV transgenic mice displayed lower frequencies (7.91% vs 16.74%, P < 0.05), impaired capabilities to produce interferon (IFN)-γ (5.6% vs 1.4%, P < 0.05) and interleukin (IL)-4 (6.8% vs 0.3%, P < 0.05), higher expression of PD-1 (9.64% vs 6.36%, P < 0.05) and lower expression of CD28 (5.05% vs 28.88%, P < 0.05). However, when hepatic mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from HBV transgenic mice, α-GalCer exposure in culture remarkably upregulated both PD-1(+) NKT cells (P < 0.05) and CD28(+) NKT cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, when HBV transgenic mice were treated with combination therapies consisting of α-GalCer and anti-PDL1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and/or anti-CD80/anti-CD28 mAbs, IFN-γ(+) NKT cell frequency was selectively increased (P < 0.05) and HBV replication was suppressed; these effects were accompanied by varying degrees and types of liver damage. Surprisingly, activating CD28/CD80 signal in HBV transgenic mice was more effective but caused less liver injury than blocking PD-1/PDL1 signal in modulating αGalCer-activated NKT cell function to inhibit HBV infection. Our findings also show that combined therapy with blocking PD-1/PDL1 and activating CD28/CD80 signal in the presence of aGalCer cannot superimpose the effect of antivirus. α-GalCer combination therapy that modulates the CD28/CD80 pathways of NKT cells may represent a promising approach to inhibit HBV replication in chronically infected patients.
Methods for analyzing three dimensional scenes (1975)

Several methods for analyzing three dimensional scenes are discussed with respect to their advantages and difficulties in getting real three dimensional coordinates. Stereo picture processing and light intersecting methods are described along with the result of a new hardware system. On the example of a software system some special problems with the abstraction of scenes with primitive objects are mentioned. A short look ahead to the future closes this paper.
Blood-Spinal Cord and Brain Barriers in Health and Disease (2003)

Blood-spinal cord and brain barriers in health and disease , Blood-spinal cord and brain barriers in health and disease , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Studies with polyfunctionally substituted heteroaromatics: New routes for the synthesis of polyfunctionally substituted pyridines and 1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines (1995)

Abstract The 1‐substituted ethylidenemalononitriles 1a–c condensed with triethyl orthoformate in refluxing acetic anhydride to yield the dienes 2a–c . On the other hand, a mixture of N,N‐dimethylformamide and triethyl orthoformate condensed with 1a–d to yield the N,N‐dimethylaminopentadienonitriles 2d–g . The pentadienonitriles 2d–g were also formed from the reaction of 1a–d with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal in refluxing acetic acid. When compounds 1a–c were treated with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal in refluxing p‐xylene, a mixture of 3 , 4 and 2e–g was formed. The reaction of 2a , b with hydrazine hydrate afforded the N‐amino‐2‐iminopyridines 5a , b . These were converted into the triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines 8a–d on treatment with benzoyl chloride and with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal. On the other hand, the reaction of 2c with hydrazine hydrate afforded the pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine 7c . Treatment of 2a , c or 2e , g with cyanoethanoic hydrazide afforded the N‐(cyanoacetamido)pyridines 9a , b . The dienes 2d , f , g afforded the pyridones 11a–c on treatment with acetic acid and hydrochloric acid mixture. Compounds 11b , c were also formed on treatment of 2b , c with acetic acid hydrochloric acid mixture. The reaction of 2d , g with ethanolic sodium ethoxide gave the ethoxypyridines 13a , b .
Three human elastase-like genes coordinately expressed in the myelomonocyte lineage are organized as a single genetic locus on 19pter. (1992)

The human neutrophil and monocyte-derived serine protease homologues neutrophil elastase (NE), proteinase 3 (PR3), and azurocidin (AZU) are involved in a variety of immune defense reactions. NE and PR3 assist in the destruction of phagocytosed microorganisms, cleave the important connective-tissue protein elastin, and generate chemotactic activities by forming alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complexes and elastin peptides. AZU is cytotoxic to certain microorganisms and chemotactic for monocytes. All three proteins are produced and packaged into azurophil granules in large quantities during neutrophil differentiation. We have isolated several cosmid clones each of which contains the functional genes for AZU, PR3, and NE in this order. The PR3 gene is separated by 8 kilobases from the 3' end of the AZU gene and by 3 kilobases from the 5' end of the NE gene. We report a physical map of the gene cluster, its location on chromosome 19pter, and the exon-intron organization of the AZU and PR3 genes. Our fluorescence in situ hybridization studies disprove the previous chromosomal assignment of the human NE gene to 11q14. The five exons of AZU and PR3 are organized like those of NE and other granule-associated serine proteases of hematopoietic cells. NE, PR3, and AZU are coordinately downregulated in the premonocytic cell line U937 during induced terminal differentiation. The cluster-like physical organization of these genes and concerted regulation during hematopoietic differentiation suggests that they are located in a developmentally activated chromatin domain promoting high-level, cell-specific expression in the monocyte-myelocyte lineage.
Activation of Heat Shock and Antioxidant Responses by the Natural Product Celastrol: Transcriptional Signatures of a Thiol-targeted Molecule (2008)

Stress response pathways allow cells to sense and respond to environmental changes and adverse pathophysiological states. Pharmacological modulation of cellular stress pathways has implications in the treatment of human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The quinone methide triterpene celastrol, derived from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has numerous pharmacological properties, and it is a potent activator of the mammalian heat shock transcription factor HSF1. However, its mode of action and spectrum of cellular targets are poorly understood. We show here that celastrol activates Hsf1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a similar effective concentration seen in mammalian cells. Transcriptional profiling revealed that celastrol treatment induces a battery of oxidant defense genes in addition to heat shock genes. Celastrol activated the yeast Yap1 oxidant defense transcription factor via the carboxy-terminal redox center that responds to electrophilic compounds. Antioxidant response genes were likewise induced in mammalian cells, demonstrating that the activation of two major cell stress pathways by celastrol is conserved. We report that celastrol's biological effects, including inhibition of glucocorticoid receptor activity, can be blocked by the addition of excess free thiol, suggesting a chemical mechanism for biological activity based on modification of key reactive thiols by this natural product.
Hydroxyapatite coated with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) stimulates human osteoblast activity in vitro (1999)

We studied the effects of a hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate material coated with Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) on cell growth, collagen synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) of human osteoblasts in vitro. Cell proliferation was stimulated when osteoblasts were incubated with untreated hydroxyapatite (HA) and it was further increased by exposure to IGF1-coated HA. 3H-Proline uptake was significantly increased by treatment with either HA or IGF1-coated HA but no significant differences were found between these two groups. ALP activity was enhanced by exposure to HA, with respect to the control, and further increased by treatment with IGF1-coated HA. Our findings suggest that HA is useful for promoting osteoblast activity and IGF1 may help to improve its biological characteristics.