gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soft tissue atrophy after corticosteroid injection (2009)

Background: Arterial hypotension has been associated with increased risk of dementia in some large prospective studies; and cognitive impairment is common among elderly with left ventricular function. The authors assessed whether arterial hypotension might be associated with cognitive impairment among older subjects with heart failure. Methods: This study involved all 13,635 patients (of whom 1,583 had heart failure) without cerebrovascular disease or AD, admitted to 81 Italian academic hospitals in 1995 and 1997. The association between blood pressure and cognitive impairment (as indicated by a Hodkinson Mental Test score Results: Cognitive impairment was found in 26% of patients with heart failure and in 19% of remaining subjects (Fisher exact p Conclusions: Systolic hypotension is selectively associated with cognitive impairment in older patients with heart failure. As early treatment of cardiac low-output states can reverse cognitive dysfunction, the routine management of heart failure should include systematic assessment of cognitive performance.
Marrow Stromal Cells as Stem Cells for Nonhematopoietic Tissues (1997)

Marrow stromal cells can be isolated from other cells in marrow by their tendency to adhere to tissue culture plastic. The cells have many of the characteristics of stem cells for tissues that can roughly be defined as mesenchymal, because they can be differentiated in culture into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and even myoblasts. Therefore, marrow stromal cells present an intriguing model for examining the differentiation of stem cells. Also, they have several characteristics that make them potentially useful for cell and gene therapy.
Relaxation of Optically Pumped Rb Atoms on Paraffin-Coated Walls (1966)

Relaxation of optically pumped Rb atoms on paraffin-coated walls has been studied using Franzen's sequence (relaxation in the dark) for observables $〈{S}_{z}〉$ (mean electronic longitudinal polarization), and &lt;S\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}I&gt; (population difference between the two hfs levels). The physical meaning of optical signals under different conditions is analyzed in some detail, and it is pointed out that different observables relax differently. In the interpretation of our results, extensive use has been made of the theoretical analysis of the relaxation of a spin S (coupled to a spin I in the Rb atom) caused by a weak interaction of the type $_{\ensuremath{\gamma}s}H(t)\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathbf{S}$, $H(t)$ being a random magnetic field acting on S during the dwell time of a Rb atom on the wall. Experimental results are in excellent agreement with this analysis, if one assumes the existence of two uncorrelated interactions of the above type. The first is the dipole-dipole interaction between S and the nuclear spins K of the protons (or deuterons) of the coating. This interaction has a long correlation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c1}\ensuremath{\approx}4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}$ sec and dominates the relaxation of $〈{S}_{z}〉$ in low fields. The second interaction which is independent of spins K, has a short correlation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c2}\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ sec, and dominates the relaxation of &lt;S\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}I&gt; in low fields, and of $〈{S}_{z}〉$ in large fields. The values of these correlation times and of the strengths of the two interactions have been measured, first in low fields by combining results on $〈{S}_{z}〉$ and &lt;S\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}I&gt; for the two Rb isotopes and for two types of coatings [${(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}}_{2})}_{n}$ and ${(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{D}}_{2})}_{n}$], and second, by studying the variations of the "pseudo" relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ of $〈{S}_{z}〉$ for magnetic-field values up to 5000 G. We arrive at a detailed picture of physical adsorption of Rb on paraffin-coated walls, and find 0.1 eV for the adsorption energy. These results are compatible with those obtained for the relaxation of oriented Rb atoms in collisions with buffer-gas molecules.
Selective Cytotoxic Mechanism of GTP-14564, a Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Leukemia Cells Expressing a Constitutively Active Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) (2003)

The receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 is constitutively activated by an internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation within the juxtamembrane domain in 20-30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we identified GTP-14564 as a specific kinase inhibitor for ITD-FLT3 and investigated the molecular basis of its specificity. GTP-14564 inhibited the growth of interleukin-3-independent Ba/F3 expressing ITD-FLT3 at 1 microM, whereas a 30-fold higher concentration of GTP-14564 was required to inhibit FLT3 ligand-dependent growth of Ba/F3 expressing wild type FLT3 (wt-FLT3). However, this inhibitor suppressed the kinase activities of wt-FLT3 and ITD-FLT3 equally, suggesting that the signaling pathways for proliferation differ between wt-FLT3 and ITD-FLT3. Analysis of downstream targets of FLT3 using GTP-14564 revealed STAT5 activation to be essential for growth signaling of ITD-FLT3. In contrast, wt-FLT3 appeared to mainly use the MAPK pathway rather than the STAT5 pathway to transmit a proliferative signal. Further analysis demonstrated that the first two tyrosines in an ITD were critical for STAT5 activation and growth induction but that all of the tyrosines in the juxtamembrane region were dispensable in terms of the proliferation signals of wt-FLT3. These results indicate that an ITD mutation in FLT3 elicits an aberrant STAT5 activation that results in increased sensitivity to GTP-14564. Thus, FLT3-targeted inhibition is an attractive approach, with the potential for selective cytotoxicity, to the treatment of ITD-FLT3-positive acute myeloid leukemia.
Encapsulated white-light CdSe nanocrystals as nanophosphors for solid-state lighting (2008)

White-light emitting ultra-small CdSe nanocrystals present exciting possibilities in the area of solid-state lighting technology. In this work, thirteen dissimilar polymers were examined as potential encapsulants for these single-sized nanocrystals. Films of the encased nanocrystals were characterized in terms of nanocrystal aggregation and changes to the nanocrystals' natural emission. The Hildebrand and Hansen solubility parameters of each encapsulant were found to be correlated to the quality of nanocrystal encapsulation achieved. Encapsulants with cyclosiloxane or bisphenol-A type epoxy structures caused extensive aggregation of the nanocrystals at low loading levels (<0.5% w/w) due to the solubility difference between the polymer structure and the nanocrystals' ligands. Of the encapsulants tested, the most robust, color stable, and homogenous encapsulation was obtained using a biphenylperfluorocyclobutyl polymer. In this polymer, nanocrystal loading levels up to 18% w/w were achieved. White-light emitting CdSe nanocrystals encapsulated in the biphenylperfluorocyclobutyl polymer were coated on various UV-LEDs creating a white light source with chromaticity coordinates of (0.324, 0.322) and a high color-rendering index of 93.
Hemagglutinin-Pseudotyped Green Fluorescent Protein-Expressing Influenza Viruses for the Detection of Influenza Virus Neutralizing Antibodies (2009)

Influenza virus is a highly contagious virus that causes yearly epidemics and occasional pandemics of great consequence. Influenza virus neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are promising prophylactic and therapeutic reagents. Detection of NAbs in serum samples is critical to evaluate the prevalence and spread of new virus strains. Here we describe the development of a simple, sensitive, specific, and safe screening assay for the rapid detection of NAbs against highly pathogenic influenza viruses under biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) conditions. This assay is based on the use of influenza viruses in which the hemagglutinin (HA) gene is replaced by a gene expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). These GFP-expressing influenza viruses replicate to high titers in HA-expressing cell lines, but in non-HA-expressing cells, their replication is restricted to a single cycle.
Beam steering with two ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (1998)

Ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (FLC SLM’s) are binary modulating devices that can be used for flexible beam steering in the microsecond range. Because they are binary, at least 60% of the light power is lost to unwanted diffraction orders, however. We suggest the use of a second FLC SLM, synchronously operating in amplitude-modulating mode, to block the unwanted orders. The proposed beam-steering method is demonstrated in a simple scanner experiment. The efficiency of the suggested beam steerer is independent of the number of steering directions.
A stable, high relaxivity, diaqua gadolinium complex that suppresses anion and protein bindingElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: pH dependence of europium emission spectra, stability screening details and relaxivity/pH plots for selected Gd complexes. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b1/b108294a/ (2001)

The high relaxivity of [GdaDO3A]3− (r1p = 12.3 mM−1 s−1, 20 MHz, 298 K, τm = 30 ns) in water is maintained in serum solution because the binding of protein and endogeneous anions, e.g. HCO3−/CO32− is suppressed by electrostatic repulsion.
Spontaneous alternation behavior. (1958)

A wide variety of species, including human beings, exhibits a remarkably reliable behavior pattern, known as spontaneous alternation behavior (SAB), that has intrigued researchers for over seven decades. Though the details may vary depending on species and setting, SAB essentially entails first choosing one member of a pair of alternatives and then the other, without instructions or incen tives to do so. Spontaneous alternation is manifested even in the early trials of a discrimination-learning experiment, where only one of the choices is reinforced. Indeed, that was the setting in which SAB was first noted (Hunter, 1914). Rein forcement contingencies, evidently, are superimposed, not on a random sequence of choices, but on a potent, systematic behavior pattern. This book is the first to be devoted entirely to SAB and closely related phenomena, such as habituation and exploration. The literature on SAB is vast, covering a host of questions ranging from the cues that guide alternation to its phylogenetic and ontogenetic generality, its relation to learning and motivation, and its neurochemical substrates. In separate chapters we take up each of the major issues, reviewing what is known about the several facets of SAB and revealing areas of ignorance. The chapter authors were encouraged to discuss their own research where pertinent, some of it as yet unpublished, indeed some conducted specifically for this volume.
Hjælp til selvhjælp - svært i praksis (2011)

Ældre skal have hjælp til selvhjælp i hjemmeplejen. Det er det faglige ideal for social- og sundhedspersonalet. Men en række forhold bevirker, at idealet ikke altid omsættes i praksis.
Human milk feeding supports adequate growth in infants ≤ 1250 grams birth weight (2013)

A feeding protocol for infants ≤ 1250 g BW providing an exclusive human milk-based diet with early and rapid advancement of fortification leads to growth meeting targeted standards with a low rate of extrauterine growth restriction. Consistent nutritional policies using this approach may be considered for this population.
Automation of chromogenic substrate Limulus amebocyte lysate assay method for endotoxin by robotic system (1984)

The chromogenic substrate Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay method for the detection of endotoxin was automated by a Zymate robotic system. The software developed enables the robot to automatically dilute a stock reference endotoxin standard (20,000 endotoxin units per ml) for the construction of a five-point standard curve, make sample dilutions to the proper testing concentration, and perform chromogenic substrate LAL assays in duplicate. The linearity of the standard curve and the endotoxin concentration in each sample are calculated and results are printed automatically. In 48 min the automated system assays three samples and a reference standard in duplicate along with a water blank. Sensitivity of the assay is a function of incubation time. The assay is linear (r greater than 0.99) in the region of 0 to 1.0 endotoxin units per ml or 0 to 0.2 endotoxin units per ml with incubation times of 10 or 16 min, respectively. The method can be made very sensitive, detecting as low as 0.003 endotoxin units per ml with 30 min of incubation. The precision of the assay method, determined by assaying an endotoxin reference solution eight times, is ca. 6%. The LAL reagent designed for gel-clot assay was modified for the chromogenic substrate assay. We describe the optimum conditions for the performance of the chromogenic substrate LAL assay and stability of the LAL reagent.
Exploiting Rich Syntactic Information for Semantic Parsing with Graph-to-Sequence Model (2018)

Existing neural semantic parsers mainly utilize a sequence encoder, i.e., a sequential LSTM, to extract word order features while neglecting other valuable syntactic information such as dependency or constituent trees. In this paper, we first propose to use the syntactic graph to represent three types of syntactic information, i.e., word order, dependency and constituency features; then employ a graph-tosequence model to encode the syntactic graph and decode a logical form. Experimental results on benchmark datasets show that our model is comparable to the state-of-the-art on Jobs640, ATIS, and Geo880. Experimental results on adversarial examples demonstrate the robustness of the model is also improved by encoding more syntactic information.
Association of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) with actin-containing cytoskeleton and alpha-actinin. (1992)

We have studied the cytoskeletal association of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), an integral membrane protein that functions as a counterreceptor for leukocyte integrins (CD11/CD18). A linkage between ICAM-1 and cytoskeletal elements was suggested by studies showing a different ICAM-1 staining pattern for COS cells transfected with wild-type ICAM-1 or with an ICAM-1 construct that replaces the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of ICAM-1 with a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Wild-type ICAM-1 appeared to localize most prominently in microvilli whereas GPI-ICAM-1 demonstrated a uniform cell surface distribution. Disruption of microfilaments with cytochalasin B (CCB) changed the localization of wild-type ICAM-1 but had no effect on GPI-ICAM-1. Some B-cell lines demonstrated a prominent accumulation of ICAM-1 into the uropod region whereas other cell surface proteins examined were not preferentially localized. CCB also induced redistribution of ICAM-1 in these cells. For characterization of cytoskeletal proteins interacting with ICAM-1, a 28-residue peptide that encompasses the entire predicted cytoplasmic domain (ICAM-1,478-505) was synthesized, coupled to Sepharose-4B, and used as an affinity matrix. One of the most predominant proteins eluted either with soluble ICAM-1,478-505-peptide or EDTA, was 100 kD, had a pI of 5.5, and in Western blots reacted with alpha-actinin antibodies. A direct association between alpha-actinin and ICAM-1 was demonstrated by binding of purified alpha-actinin to ICAM-1,478-505-peptide and to immunoaffinity purified ICAM-1 and by a strict colocalization of ICAM-1 with alpha-actinin, but not with the cytoskeletal proteins talin, tensin, and vinculin. The region of ICAM-1,478-505 interacting with alpha-actinin was mapped to the area close to the membrane spanning region. This region contains several positively charged residues and appears to mediate a charged interaction with alpha-actinin which is not highly dependent on the order of the residues.
The fimA gene encoding the type‐1 fimbrial subunit of Escherichia coli (1984)

The nucleotide sequence was determined of a region of 1450 base pairs encompassing the fimA gene for the subunit of type 1 fimbriae of Escherichia coli as well as flanking regions containing potential regulator sequences. The 'translated' protein contains a 23-residue signal peptide; the processed fimbrial subunit consists of 158 amino acid residues yielding a relative molecular mass of 15706. The elucidated sequence shows significant homology with those of other E. coli fimbrial proteins.
A Novel Full‐Scale Flat Membrane Bioreactor Utilizing Porcine Hepatocytes: Cell Viability and Tissue‐Specific Functions (2000)

When designing an extracorporeal hybrid liver support device, special attention should be paid to providing the architectural basis for reconstructing a proper cellular microenvironment that ensures highest and prolonged functional activity of the liver cells. The common goal is to achieve high cell density culture and to design the bioreactor for full-scale primary liver cell cultures under adequate mass transfer conditions. An important aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical performance of a flat membrane bioreactor that permits high-density hepatocyte culture and simultaneously to culture cells under sufficient oxygenation availability conditions comparable to the in vivo-like microenvironment. In such a bioreactor pig liver cells were cultured within an extracellular matrix between oxygen-permeable flat-sheet membranes. In this investigation we used a novel scaled-up prototype consisting of up to 20 modules in a parallel mode. Each module was seeded with 2 x 10(8) cells. Microscopic examination of the hepatocytes revealed morphological characteristics as found in vivo. Cell concentration increased in the first days of culture, as indicated by DNA measurements. The performance of the bioreactor was monitored for 18 days in terms of albumin synthesis, urea synthesis, ammonia elimination, and diazepam metabolism. The ability of the hepatocytes to synthesize albumin and urea increased during the first days of culture. Higher rates of albumin synthesis were obtained at day 9 and remained at a value of 1.41 pg/h/cell until day 18 of culture. The rate of urea synthesis increased from 23 ng/h/cell to 28 ng/h/cell and then remained constant. Cells eliminated ammonia at a rate of about 56 pg/h/cell, which was constant over the experimental period. Hepatocytes in the bioreactor metabolized diazepam and generated three different metabolites: nordiazepam, temazepam, and oxazepam. The production of such metabolites was sustained until 18 days of culture. These results demonstrated that the scale-up of the bioreactor was assessed, and it could be demonstrated that the device design aimed at the reconstruction of the liver-specific tissue architecture supported the expression of liver-specific functions of primary pig liver cells.
Cisplatin-associated anemia: an erythropoietin deficiency syndrome. (1995)

Cisplatin-based therapy results in a cumulative anemia that is disproportionate to the effects on other blood cells. The severity of this treatment-induced anemia and the resultant transfusion requirement in cancer patients correlate with cisplatin-induced renal tubular dysfunction. Observed/expected serum erythropoietin (EPO) ratios decline with progressive cisplatin therapy and are proportionate to the degree of renal dysfunction. Recovery from anemia and of observed/expected serum EPO ratios in patients occurs after cessation of cisplatin therapy, along with restoration of renal tubular function. Creatinine clearance, however, remains permanently depressed. Cisplatin-treated rats develop progressive renal dysfunction and anemia that persists for many weeks, without effects on white blood cell counts. The anemia is also associated with a lack of expected EPO and reticulocyte response. With EPO administration, cisplatin-treated rats exhibit a greater reticulocyte response and hematocrit increment then non-cisplatin-treated rats given EPO, indicating minimal erythroid precursor cell damage from cisplatin. These results indicate the primary etiology of cisplatin-associated anemia is a transient, but persisting EPO deficiency state resulting from cisplatin-induced renal tubular damage, which can be prevented or treated by hormone (EPO) replacement.
PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN ONLY PROGRESSION OF PROSTATE CANCER (2000)

PSA only recurrence after prior local prostate cancer treatment remains a common problem facing clinicians.
Method for Determining RNA 3' Ends and Application to Human Telomerase RNA (1996)

Note: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309-0215, USA. Reference UPLIN-ARTICLE-1996-001doi:10.1093/nar/24.3.532 Record created on 2007-11-20, modified on 2017-05-12
Chinone von Benzo- und Dibenzokronenethern (1985)

Quinones of Benzo- and Dibenzo-Crown Ethers: The preparation of the 1,4-quinones of benzo[15]crown-5 (1), benzo [18]crown-6 (2) and dibenzo[18]crown-6 (3) and their quinols is described. The quinones are obtained by Fremy salt oxidation of the corresponding 3-hydroxybenzo-crown ethers which are readily accessible by a double protective group synthesis from 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene. The synthetic pathway also provides a general high yield preparation of 2,3-dialkoxyl-1,4-benzoquinones. The new crown ethers are characterised b y 1H- and 13C-N. M. R. as well as U. V. spectroscopy. Non-aqueous redox potentials are determined by cyclic voltammetry. Crystalline complexes of 1 and 2 with various ammonium, alkali, and alkaline earth cations are also described.
Engineering Factor Viii for Hemophilia Gene Therapy (2012)

Current treatment of hemophilia A by intravenous infusion of factor VIII (fVIII) concentrates is very costly and has a potential adverse effect of developing inhibitors. Gene therapy, on the other hand, can potentially overcome these limitations associated with fVIII replacement therapy. Although hemophilia B gene therapy has achieved promising outcomes in human clinical trials, hemophilia A gene therapy lags far behind. Compared to factor IX, fVIII is a large protein which is difficult to express at sustaining therapeutic levels when delivered by either viral or non-viral vectors. To improve fVIII gene delivery, numerous strategies have been exploited to engineer the fVIII molecule and overcome the hurdles preventing long term and high level expression. Here we reviewed these strategies, and discussed their pros and cons in human gene therapy of hemophilia A.
5.2: Grating Light Valve™ Technology: Update and Novel Applications (1998)

Abstract The Grating Light Valve (GLV™) technology offers a unique combination of extremely fast switching speed and the ability to withstand very high optical power densities. These and other attributes enable a novel architecture based on a scanned linear array of GLV pixels, which is described here for the first time. This architecture provides a number of advantages over conventional projection display systems that are based on either 2‐D spatial light modulators or scanned point systems. These advantages include scalability to very high spatial resolution, natural analog gamma response, high contrast and dynamic range, high optical efficiency, and low cost at production volumes.
Genetic modifiers in carriers of repeat expansions in the C9ORF72 gene (2014)

Variants identified through this study were previously reported to be involved in FTD and/or MND, but we are the first to describe their effects as potential disease modifiers in the presence of a clear pathogenic mutation (i.e. C9ORF72 repeat expansion). Although validation of our findings is necessary, these variants highlight the importance of protein degradation, antioxidant defense and RNA-processing pathways, and additionally, they are promising targets for the development of therapeutic strategies and prognostic tests.