gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRESENCE OF EPSTEIN‐BARR VIRUS DNA IN NASAL LYMPHOMAS OF B AND ‘T’ CELL TYPE (1990)

We studied 12 tumours from 11 Chinese patients with primary nasal lymphoma for presence of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA, using Southern-blot analysis. These results were correlated with immunophenotype and T-cell receptor (TcR) or immunoglobulin gene rearrangement patterns. EBV DNA was detected in all nine tumours with a 'T' phenotype, in both primary and secondary sites. When the structure of the viral genomic termini was studied using the EcoRI-Dhet probe, a single clonal episomal band was demonstrated in five tumour samples, with one other case showing a biclonal pattern. However, none of these cases showed clonal rearrangement of TcR beta chain gene, and TcR gamma rearrangement was found only in one. The lineage of these phenotypic 'T' lymphomas therefore require further studies for confirmation. Two out of three B-lymphomas were also EBV DNA+; clonal EBV DNA was found in one. Their B-lineage was confirmed by detection of clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements. The association of EBV with an increasing number of lymphomas of different types highlights the need for continued study into its role in oncogenesis.
Decomposition of the time reversal operator: Detection and selective focusing on two scatterers (1996)

The decomposition of the time reversal operator (DORT) method is a selective detection and focusing technique using an array of transmit–receive transducers. It relies on the theory of iterative time reversal mirrors which was presented by Prada et al. [C. Prada, J. L. Thomas, and M. Fink, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 62–71 (1995)]. The time reversal operator was defined as K*(ω)K(ω), where ω is the frequency, * means complex conjugate, and K(ω) is the transfer matrix of the array of L transducers insonifying a time invariant scattering medium. It was shown that this time reversal operator can be diagonalized and that for ideally resolved scatterers of different reflectivities, each of its eigenvectors of nonzero eigenvalue provides the phase law to be applied to the transducers in order to focus on one of the scatterers. The DORT method consists in determining these eigenvectors and using them for the selective focusing. This paper presents a complete analysis of this method in the case of two scatterers. The mathematical expressions of the eigenvectors are given and several experimental results are described. In particular, the effectiveness of the method to focus selectively through an inhomogeneous medium is established.
Comparison of three doses of dexmedetomidine with medetomidine in cats following intramuscular administration (1998)

Cats (n = 6) were administered dexmedetomidine (DEX) and medetomidine (MED) at three different dose levels in a randomized, blinded, cross-over study. DEX was administered at 25, 50 and 75 microg/kg (D25, D50 and D75), corresponding to MED 50, 100 and 150 microg/kg (M50, M100 and M150). Sedation, analgesia and muscular relaxation were scored subjectively. Heart and respiratory rates and rectal temperature were measured. Corresponding doses of DEX and MED were compared. Effects were also compared between dose levels for each compound. At dose level 2 (D50-M100), the duration of effective clinical sedation was significantly shorter after DEX (202.5 +/- 16.0 min) than after MED (230.0 +/- 41.2 min). Proceeding from D50-M100 to D75-M150, the duration of effective clinical sedation was increased more after DEX (by 57.5 +/- 38.4 min) than after MED (by 14.2 +/- 41.9 min) Increasing from D50-M100 to D75-M150, heart rate was further decreased after DEX (by 8.1 +/- 13.4%) but not after MED. There was no statistically significant difference between corresponding doses of DEX and MED for any of the other parameters studied. Changes in sedation, analgesia and muscular relaxation were dose-dependent. It was concluded that anaesthetic effects of medetomidine in cats are probably due entirely to its d-isomer and that dexmedetomidine at 25, 50 and 75 microg/kg induces dose-dependent sedation, analgesia and muscular relaxation of clinical significance in cats.
Cinética de los isótopos del hidrógeno en materiales de interés para la tecnología de los reactores de fusión (2002)

La caracterizacion de la cinetica de transporte de los isotopos del hidrogeno en materiales de interes para la tecnologia de los reactores de fusion es necesaria para la realizacion de un diseno de cualquier futuro reactor de fusion conforme con una gestion del combustible tritio eficiente. Se han utilizado las tecnicas experimentales de evolucion de gas de Desorcion Isovolumetrica y de Permeacion del Centro Comun de Investigaciones (JRC-Ispra) para analizar diferentes materiales aplicados en distintos ambitos de la planta de fusion; abarcando desde el material estructural clasico de la envoltura regeneradora (acero martensitico OPTIFER-IVb), pasando por el material usado en el sistema divertor con componentes de alto flujo (tungsteno) y un material estructural aislante electrico avanzado (composite ceramico SiCf/SiC tridimensional), para finalmente ensayar un material de aplicacion en el generador de vapor externo (aleacion FeCrNi INCOLOY 800). En el estudio de estos materiales se han obtenido los parametros de transporte de los isotopos de hidrogeno, tanto los correspondientes a un regimen de transporte difusivo (difusividad, solubilidad/constante de Sieverts, permeabilidad, constantes de trapping), como a uno superficial (constantes de adsorcion y recombinacion). Se presentan sendos estudios teoricos que intentan resolver incertidumbres asociadas a efectos isotopicos y a la posibilidad de nucleacion de burbujas de helio en el metal liquido tritigenico. A traves de los parametros experimentales anteriores se realiza un calculo de aplicacion de la gestion del tritio en diferentes componentes del reactor, como son dos opciones de envultura tritigenica (A-DC y TAURO), blanco vertical de un divertor y un generador de vapor/DEMO.
PD-1/PD-L Blockade Prevents Anergy Induction and Enhances the Anti-Tumor Activities of Glycolipid-Activated Invariant NKT Cells (2009)

Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells recognize glycolipid Ags, such as the marine sponge-derived glycosphingolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (alphaGalCer) presented by the CD1d protein. In vivo activation of iNKT cells with alphaGalCer results in robust cytokine production, followed by the acquisition of an anergic phenotype. Here we have investigated mechanisms responsible for the establishment of alphaGalCer-induced iNKT cell anergy. We found that alphaGalCer-activated iNKT cells rapidly up-regulated expression of the inhibitory costimulatory receptor programmed death (PD)-1 at their cell surface, and this increased expression was retained for at least one month. Blockade of the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, at the time of alphaGalCer treatment prevented the induction iNKT cell anergy, but was unable to reverse established iNKT cell anergy. Consistently, injection of alphaGalCer into PD-1-deficient mice failed to induce iNKT cell anergy. However, blockade of the PD-1/PD-L pathway failed to prevent bacterial- or sulfatide-induced iNKT cell anergy, suggesting additional mechanisms of iNKT cell tolerance. Finally, we showed that blockade of PD-1/PD-L interactions enhanced the antimetastatic activities of alphaGalCer. Collectively, our findings reveal a critical role for the PD-1/PD-L costimulatory pathway in the alphaGalCer-mediated induction of iNKT cell anergy that can be targeted for the development of immunotherapies.
Fission yeast MOZART1/Mzt1 is an essential γ-tubulin complex component required for complex recruitment to the microtubule organizing center, but not its assembly (2013)

γ-Tubulin plays a universal role in microtubule nucleation from microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) such as the animal centrosome and fungal spindle pole body (SPB). γ-Tubulin functions as a multiprotein complex called the γ-tubulin complex (γ-TuC), consisting of GCP1-6 (GCP1 is γ-tubulin). In fungi and flies, it has been shown that GCP1-3 are core components, as they are indispensable for γ-TuC complex assembly and cell division, whereas the other three GCPs are not. Recently a novel conserved component, MOZART1, was identified in humans and plants, but its precise functions remain to be determined. In this paper, we characterize the fission yeast homologue Mzt1, showing that it is essential for cell viability. Mzt1 is present in approximately equal stoichiometry with Alp4/GCP2 and localizes to all the MTOCs, including the SPB and interphase and equatorial MTOCs. Temperature-sensitive mzt1 mutants display varying degrees of compromised microtubule organization, exhibiting multiple defects during both interphase and mitosis. Mzt1 is required for γ-TuC recruitment, but not sufficient to localize to the SPB, which depends on γ-TuC integrity. Intriguingly, the core γ-TuC assembles in the absence of Mzt1. Mzt1 therefore plays a unique role within the γ-TuC components in attachment of this complex to the major MTOC site.
Quantized adhesion detected with the atomic force microscope (1992)

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is rapidly becoming a powerful tool for investigating surface chemistry and adhesion. Current efforts with this new instrument are guided by the pioneering research of Israelachvili and his colleagues, whose work with the surface force apparatus has laid the foundation for investigating interactions near and between surfaces. The AFM is capable of measuring forces of less than 10^(-11) N with high spatial resolution, thus making possible the study of very weak interactions and local surface chemistry. Here we report the first (to our knowledge) observation of discrete adhesive interactions with measured forces of 1 x 10^(-11) N. Two mechanisms for this effect are proposed: individual hydrogen bonds between the tip and surface are resolved or ordered water layers create different force minima near the surface.
Technical Report: Modification of a Cochlear Implant Electrode for Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear (2003)

The described modified electrode could provide a safe and easy-to-handle means of combining electrical stimulation with the beneficial effects of a local drug therapy applied to the inner ear.
Alternative Methods for the Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 (2002)

The best current way to prepare Au/TiO2 catalysts is the method of deposition−precipitation with NaOH (DP NaOH) developed by Haruta and co-workers. With this method, it is possible to obtain small gold metal particles (2−3 nm), but the corresponding gold loading remains rather low (∼3 wt %). The main goal of this work is to investigate other methods of preparation of Au/TiO2 catalysts to obtain small gold metal particles (2−3 nm) and a higher Au loading. It is shown that anion adsorption with AuCl4- (AA) does not produce Au loading higher than 1.5 wt % and the average particle size is not very small (∼4 nm). Cation adsorption with Au(en)23+ (CA) leads to small particles (2 nm) when the solution/support contact time is moderate (1 h), but the Au loading does not exceed 2 wt %. The most promising method of preparation appears to be deposition−precipitation with urea (DP urea). Indeed, samples with gold particles as small as those obtained with DP NaOH (∼2 nm) can be prepared, and all gold in solution is deposited on TiO2 in contrast to DP NaOH. The DP urea samples reported in this paper can reach a Au loading as high as 8 wt % using a TiO2 support with a surface area of 45 m2 g-1. The possible mechanisms of deposition of gold on the TiO2 support by the different methods of preparation are discussed.
Amyloide: nicht nur pathologische Substanzen, sondern auch geordnete Nanomaterialien (2008)

Abstract Amyloidfasern gehören zu den wichtigsten selbstorganisierten Strukturen in der Natur. Zahlreiche Proteine und Peptide mit unterschiedlichen Aminosäuresequenzen bilden unter verschiedenen Bedingungen solche sehr stabilen und hochgradig organisierten Assoziate, die man in Phasenzuständen von Flüssigkristallen bis hin zu starren Nanoröhren findet. Für diese supramolekularen Aggregate sind weit mehr Anwendungen denkbar als für synthetische Polymere, da ihre Bausteine biologische Funktionen und mechanische Eigenschaften in sich vereinen. Hier beschreiben wir die Strukturen supramolekularer Amyloidaggregate sowie die Anwendungen von natürlichen oder künstlichen Sequenzen und deren Perspektiven.
Oxygen modulates growth of human cells at physiologic partial pressures. (1984)

We have examined the growth of human diploid fibroblasts (WI-38 and IMR90) as a function of initial seeding density and oxygen tension. Cells at young and mid-passage levels were subcultivated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum at 0.005, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 2 X 10(4) cells/cm2. Flasks were equilibrated before and after seeding with 1 of 10 gas mixtures containing the desired oxygen tension (9-591 mm Hg) and placed in incubators that measure and maintain a preset oxygen tension. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in media of all flasks was determined at harvest. Cells were shielded from light of wavelength less than 500 nm. Cell growth varied inversely with oxygen tension and seeding density. At 50 cells/cm2, growth was maximal at PO2 9 and 16 mm Hg. Growth was progressively inhibited as the oxygen tension was increased. The population doubling increase at 14 d was 8.6 for PO2 9 and 16 mm Hg, 5.8 for PO2 42 mm Hg, 3.8 for PO2 78 mm Hg, 3.8 for PO2 104 mm Hg, and 3 for PO2 138 mm Hg. As the seeding density was increased, the differences in growth at PO2 less than 140 mm Hg were progressively minimized, such that at seeding densities of 10(4) cells/cm2 there was little difference in the rate of exponential growth or the final saturation density of cells cultivated between PO2 9 and 96 mm Hg. At all seeding densities tested, growth was progressively inhibited when the PO2 was increased greater than 140 mm Hg. The seeding density dependence of oxygen's influence on cellular growth is not explained by oxygen consumption of higher density cultures. Oxygen acts directly on the cells and not by destroying some essential medium component. We have found that oxygen regulates the growth of human cells under pressures of oxygen physiologic to humans, and that oxygen toxicity contributes to the seeding density dependence of cellular growth commonly seen in cell culture.
The TCR-binding region of the HLA class I alpha2 domain signals rapid Fas-independent cell death: a direct pathway for T cell-mediated killing of target cells? (1998)

TCR binding to an MHC class I/peptide complex is a central event in CTL-mediated elimination of target cells. In this study, we demonstrate that specific activation of the TCR-binding region of the HLA-A2 class I alpha2 domain induces apoptotic cell death. mAbs to this region rapidly induced apoptosis of HLA-A2-expressing Jurkat E11 cells, as determined by morphologic changes, phosphatidylserine exposure on the cell surface, and propidium iodide uptake. In contrast, apoptosis was not induced following culture with mAbs directed to other regions of the class I molecule. Death signaling by class I molecules is apparently dependent on coreceptor activation, as apoptosis is also signaled by HLA-A2 molecules, where the intracytoplasmic residues were deleted. HLA class I alpha2-mediated cell death appeared to proceed independent of the Fas pathway. Compared with apoptotic signaling by Fas ligation, HLA class I alpha2-mediated responses displayed a faster time course and could be observed within 30 min. Furthermore, class I alpha2-induced cell death did not involve observable DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic response was not affected significantly by peptide inhibitors of IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases and CPP32. Taken together, activation of the TCR-binding domain of the class I alpha2 helix may result in apoptotic signaling apparently dependent on a novel death pathway. Thus, target HLA class I molecules may directly signal apoptotic cell death following proper ligation by the TCR.
Piperazinylquinoxalines with central serotoninmimetic activity (1981)

Regioselective syntheses of substituted 2-chloroquinoxalines and derived 2-(1-piperazinyl)quinoxalines are described. Selectivity in regards to serotonin reuptake blocking and serotoninmimetic activities of the piperazinylquinoxalines is reported. In general, introduction of a 6-substituent into the piperazinylquinoxaline enhanced serotonin reuptake blocking activity and diminished serotoninmimetic activity. Unsubstituted and 3-hydroxypiperazinylquinoxalines had primarily serotoninmimetic activity.
Long-Term Monitoring of Physical Behavior Reveals Different Cardiac Responses to Physical Activity among Subjects with and without Chronic Neck Pain (2015)

Background . We determined the extent to which heart rate variability (HRV) responses to daily physical activity differ between subjects with and without chronic neck pain. Method . Twenty-nine subjects (13 women) with chronic neck pain and 27 age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated. Physical activity (accelerometry), HRV (heart rate monitor), and spatial location (Global Positioning System (GPS)) were recorded for 74 hours. GPS data were combined with a diary to identify periods of work and of leisure at home and elsewhere. Time- and frequency-domain HRV indices were calculated and stratified by period and activity type (lying/sitting, standing, or walking). ANCOVAs with multiple adjustments were used to disclose possible group differences in HRV. Results . The pain group showed a reduced HRV response to physical activity compared with controls (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>.001</mml:mn></mml:math>), according to the sympathetic-baroreceptor HRV index (LF/HF, ratio between low- and high-frequency power), even after adjustment for leisure time physical activity, work stress, sleep quality, mental health, and aerobic capacity (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>.02</mml:mn></mml:math>). The parasympathetic response to physical activity did not differ between groups. Conclusions . Relying on long-term monitoring of physical behavior and heart rate variability, we found an aberrant sympathetic-baroreceptor response to daily physical activity among subjects with chronic neck pain.
Review: The Projective Cast: Architecture and Its Three Geometries by Robin Evans (1997)

Book Review| March 01 1997 Review: The Projective Cast: Architecture and Its Three Geometries by Robin Evans The Projective Cast: Architecture and Its Three GeometriesRobin Evans James S. Ackerman James S. Ackerman Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (1997) 56 (1): 96–98. https://doi.org/10.2307/991219 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James S. Ackerman; Review: The Projective Cast: Architecture and Its Three Geometries by Robin Evans. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 1 March 1997; 56 (1): 96–98. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/991219 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentJournal of the Society of Architectural Historians Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1997 The Society of Architectural Historians Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Interactions of dithiols with p-aminophenyldichloroarsine and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. (1994)

Interactions of dithiols with p-aminophenyldichloroarsine (APA) and with Torpedo nicotinic receptors were studied using two approaches. First, the stability of dithiol-APA complexes in solution was studied based on quenching thiol reactions with dithiobis-(nitrobenzoic acid). A peptide corresponding to a portion of the Torpedo alpha-subunit and various 1,2-dithiols such as 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (DMPS), 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid formed stable complexes with APA, while 1,4-dithiols, such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and 2,5 dimercapto-N,N,N'N'-tetradipamide (DTA) did not. The Kd of APA association with DTT in Tris buffer is 2 microM. These data suggest that APA has greater affinity for reduced nicotinic receptors than for either DTT or DTA, a prediction that was experimentally confirmed, since these reagents do not reverse the effects of APA on nicotinic receptors. Second, application of DMPS and BAL, but not 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, to DTT-treated receptors both reversed the effects of APA-receptor complexes and prevented alkylation by bromoacetylcholine, suggesting that DMPS and BAL "oxidize" reduced nicotinic receptors. The presence of air is required for this "oxidizing" effect, but no clear mechanism was discovered, since prevention of formation of the reactive oxygen species superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, or hydroxyl radicals failed to block oxidation. These data suggest that oxygen reacts with dithiols to produce unknown reactive species that directly oxidize reduced nicotinic receptors, although other interpretations are still possible.
Phase Ib/II study of the pan-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roniciclib in combination with chemotherapy in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (2018)

Roniciclib co-administered with chemotherapy in patients with ED-SCLC demonstrated tolerability, acceptable pharmacokinetics, and promising efficacy. An observed safety signal in a related phase II study resulted in discontinuation of the present study and termination of further roniciclib development.
Genomic and Transcriptional Co-Localization of Protein-Coding and Long Non-Coding RNA Pairs in the Developing Brain (2009)

Besides protein-coding mRNAs, eukaryotic transcriptomes include many long non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) of unknown function that are transcribed away from protein-coding loci. Here, we have identified 659 intergenic long ncRNAs whose genomic sequences individually exhibit evolutionary constraint, a hallmark of functionality. Of this set, those expressed in the brain are more frequently conserved and are significantly enriched with predicted RNA secondary structures. Furthermore, brain-expressed long ncRNAs are preferentially located adjacent to protein-coding genes that are (1) also expressed in the brain and (2) involved in transcriptional regulation or in nervous system development. This led us to the hypothesis that spatiotemporal co-expression of ncRNAs and nearby protein-coding genes represents a general phenomenon, a prediction that was confirmed subsequently by in situ hybridisation in developing and adult mouse brain. We provide the full set of constrained long ncRNAs as an important experimental resource and present, for the first time, substantive and predictive criteria for prioritising long ncRNA and mRNA transcript pairs when investigating their biological functions and contributions to development and disease.
Chapter 11. Selenoprotein P (2001)

Summary: Selenoprotein P is the major plasma selenoprotein. It is a heparin binding protein and associates with endothelial cells throughout the body. Selenoprotein P contains mUltiple selenocysteine residues and is glycosylated. It is present in isoforms, at least one of which appears to be generated by termination at a UGA codon in the open reading frame. Evidence that selenoprotein P defends against oxidative injury and that it transports selenium to the brain has been presented. Selenium deficiency causes plasma levels of selenoprotein P to decline in rats and in humans.