gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of oral CDP-choline. Drug surveillance study in 2817 cases. (1983)

A drug surveillance study has been carried out with oral cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline, citicoline, Somazina) in 2817 patients of all ages, predominating those between 60 and 80 years old. They were suffering from several neurological processes, mainly the vasculocerebral insufficiency and senile involution. Treatment was carried out for between 15 days and 2 months, the mean dose being 6 ml/d. The efficacy of the treatment was determined on the basis of the disappearance, improvement or worsening of clinical manifestations, most frequently shown by patients. The most benefited clinical manifestations by the treatment were: dizziness disappearing in 48.4% of the cases, and improving in 25.2%, cephalea disappearing in 46.5% and improving in 26.7%, insomnia with 38.6% and 24.9%, respectively; depression with 36.9% and 24.1% and memory shortage with 21.2% and 44.7% respectively. The best results were obtained in chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, the improvements obtained in dizziness, cephalea, insomnia, fatigue and speech troubles being the most important. The safety of the drug was excellent since side effects were observed only in 5.01% of the patients. Among these effects, the most frequently seen were digestive troubles, observed in 3.6% of the cases.
Widths of the 6.92 and 7.12 MeV levels inO16and the influence of the effective temperature (1985)

The radiative widths of two $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ levels were determined using photon scattering and self-absorption measurements. The results were ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{0}$(6.917)=0.094\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 eV and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{0}$(7.117)=0.054\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 eV. The effective temperature ${T}_{e}$ of the O atom in a water target is calculated by accounting for the effect of the zero-point molecular vibrations of the atom. The influence of this new value of ${T}_{e}$ on the Doppler broadening of the nuclear level and hence on the resulting value of ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{0}$ as deduced from a self-absorption measurement is discussed.
A Mobile Care System With Alert Mechanism (2007)

Hypertension and arrhythmia are chronic diseases, which can be effectively prevented and controlled only if the physiological parameters of the patient are constantly monitored, along with the full support of the health education and professional medical care. In this paper, a role-based intelligent mobile care system with alert mechanism in chronic care environment is proposed and implemented. The roles in our system include patients, physicians, nurses, and healthcare providers. Each of the roles represents a person that uses a mobile device such as a mobile phone to communicate with the server setup in the care center such that he or she can go around without restrictions. For commercial mobile phones with Bluetooth communication capability attached to chronic patients, we have developed physiological signal recognition algorithms that were implemented and built-in in the mobile phone without affecting its original communication functions. It is thus possible to integrate several front-end mobile care devices with Bluetooth communication capability to extract patients' various physiological parameters [such as blood pressure, pulse, saturation of haemoglobin (SpO2), and electrocardiogram (ECG)], to monitor multiple physiological signals without space limit, and to upload important or abnormal physiological information to healthcare center for storage and analysis or transmit the information to physicians and healthcare providers for further processing. Thus, the physiological signal extraction devices only have to deal with signal extraction and wireless transmission. Since they do not have to do signal processing, their form factor can be further reduced to reach the goal of microminiaturization and power saving. An alert management mechanism has been included in back-end healthcare center to initiate various strategies for automatic emergency alerts after receiving emergency messages or after automatically recognizing emergency messages. Within the time intervals in system setting, according to the medical history of a specific patient, our prototype system can inform various healthcare providers in sequence to provide healthcare service with their reply to ensure the accuracy of alert information and the completeness of early warning notification to further improve the healthcare quality. In the end, with the testing results and performance evaluation of our implemented system prototype, we conclude that it is possible to set up a complete intelligent healt care chain with mobile monitoring and healthcare service via the assistance of our system.
Sources of information on the burden of cancer in China. (2003)

Three data sources for the information on cancer in China are described in this paper: (i) mortality data from national retrospective surveys (1973-75 and 1990-92); (ii) mortality data obtained through special research projects (CHIS, DSP and mortality survey in 1986-89); and (iii) incidence and mortality data from cancer registries. Different combinations of mortality and incidence data can be used to estimate the pattern or burden of cancer in China. Registration of cancer incidence and mortality in China should be standardized and expanded, in order to enhance availability of accurate data for estimating cancer burden in China.
Molded Rigid Polymer Monoliths as Separation Media for Capillary Electrochromatography. 2. Effect of Chromatographic Conditions on the Separation (1998)

The effect of chromatographic conditions on the performance of monolithic poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) columns in capillary electrochromatography has been studied. The flow velocity was found to be proportional to the strength of the electric field and both the pH and the composition of the mobile phase. A column efficiency of 120,000 plates/m at the optimum flow velocity of 1.5 cm/min is achieved for all the monolithic capillary columns of identical composition and porosity, regardless of their length, which varied from 30 to 120 cm. The polymeric separation medium exhibits retention and selectivity properties similar to those of typical ODS packings for reversed-phase chromatography. In addition to the "classical" use of monolithic capillary columns for the electrochromatographic separation of small molecules in reversed-phase mode, larger styrene oligomers were also separated under isocratic elution conditions. In addition, the electroosmotically driven size exclusion chromatography of polystyrene standards with molecular weights up to 10(6) has been demonstrated for the first time.
Direct-conversion radio transceivers for digital communications (1995)

Direct-conversion is an alternative wireless receiver architecture to the well-established superheterodyne, particularly for highly integrated, low-power terminals. Its fundamental advantage is that the received signal is amplified and filtered at baseband rather than at some high intermediate frequency. This means lower current drain in the amplifiers and active filters and a simpler task of image-rejection. There is considerable interest to use it in digital cellular telephones and miniature radio messaging systems. This paper briefly covers case studies in the use of direct-conversion receivers and transmitters and summarizes some of the key problems in their implementations. Solutions to these problems arise not only from more appropriate circuit design but also from exploiting system characteristics, such as the modulation format in the system. Baseband digital signal processing must be coupled to the analog front-end to make direct-conversion transceivers a practical reality.
Characterization of Moloney Murine Leukaemia Virus/Avian Myeloblastosis Virus Chimeric Reverse Transcriptases (2008)

Reverse transcriptases (RTs) from Moloney murine leukaemia virus (MMLV) and avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) contain all the fingers, palm, thumb, connection and RNase H domains. The fingers, palm and thumb domains are thought to be involved in the reverse transcription activity, and the RNase H domain is in the RNase H activity. In this study, we characterized four chimeric RTs which comprise one of the fingers, palm, thumb and RNase H domains originated from AMV RT and the other three and connection domains originated from MMLV RT. Unexpectedly, all chimeric RTs exhibited the same characteristics: their specific reverse transcription activities decreased to less than 0.1% of that of MMLV RT, while their specific RNase H activities were approximately 20% of that of MMLV RT. The decreases in the two activities of the chimeric RTs were ascribed to the decreases in k(cat). Based on that the reverse transcription activity of MMLV RT was impaired by substituting its RNase H domain with that from AMV RT, we propose that in MMLV RT, there might be an interaction between the fingers/palm/thumb domain and the RNase H domain.
40 GHz active mode-locking in a 1.5 µm monolithic extended-cavity laser (1989)

We report active mode locking in a monolithic long-cavity semiconductor laser, operating at 1.5 µm wavelength. Pulses with durations of 4 ps at repetition rates up to 40 GHz have been achieved, with a modulation depth of 97%. This is the first report of active mode locking in a monolithic device, and the highest repetition rate achieved with an actively mode locked laser.
Waveforms for the Massive MIMO Downlink: Amplifier Efficiency, Distortion, and Performance (2016)

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), most precoders result in downlink signals that suffer from high peak-to-average ratio (PAR), independently of modulation order and whether single-carrier or orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission is used. The high PAR lowers the power efficiency of the base-station amplifiers. To increase the power efficiency, low-PAR precoders have been proposed. In this paper, we compare different transmission methods for massive MIMO in terms of the power consumed by the amplifiers. It is found that: 1) OFDM and single-carrier transmission have the same performance over a hardened massive MIMO channel and 2) when the higher amplifier power efficiency of low-PAR precoding is taken into account, conventional and low-PAR precoders lead to approximately the same power consumption. Since downlink signals with low PAR allow for simpler and cheaper hardware, than signals with high PAR, therefore, the results suggest that low-PAR precoding with either single-carrier or OFDM transmission should be used in a massive MIMO base station.
Morphology study of progesterone polymorphs prepared by polymer‐induced heteronucleation (PIHn) (2012)

In this article, morphology of progesterone polymorphs prepared by polymer-induced heteronucleation (PIHn) technique was studied. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC), such as dextran T-500 and gelatin G-9382, polyisoprene (PI), and acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer (NBR) were used as substrates. The crystallizations were performed by solvent evaporation at room temperature from 0.5, 10, and 40 mg/ml solutions in chloroform and acetone. Progesterone polymorphs were identified by X-ray diffraction. Differential scanning calorimetry and total attenuated reflectance infrared spectroscopy were used as complementary techniques in the identification. Depending on the polymeric matrix and the concentration used, form 1, form 2, or mixture of both polymorphs were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy pictures evidenced difference in morphology and in homogeneity of the two progesterone polymorphs. These polymorphs prepared by PIHn, did not present a distinctive morphology that allows identifying polymorph by its crystal habit. Hence, polymeric matrix induced the crystallization, affecting polymorphism and morphology.
The tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14 (Pez) inhibits metastasis by altering protein trafficking (2015)

Factors secreted by tumor cells shape the local microenvironment to promote invasion and metastasis, as well as condition the premetastatic niche to enable secondary-site colonization and growth. In addition to this secretome, tumor cells have increased abundance of growth-promoting receptors at the cell surface. We found that the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14 (also called Pez, which is mutated in various cancers) suppressed metastasis by reducing intracellular protein trafficking through the secretory pathway. Knocking down PTPN14 in tumor cells or injecting the peritoneum of mice with conditioned medium from PTPN14-deficient cell cultures promoted the growth and metastasis of breast cancer xenografts. Loss of catalytically functional PTPN14 increased the secretion of growth factors and cytokines, such as IL-8 (interleukin-8), and increased the abundance of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) at the cell surface of breast cancer cells and of FLT4 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3) at the cell surface of primary lymphatic endothelial cells. We identified RIN1 (Ras and Rab interactor 1) and PRKCD (protein kinase C-δ) as binding partners and substrates of PTPN14. Similar to cells overexpressing PTPN14, receptor trafficking to the cell surface was inhibited in cells that lacked PRKCD or RIN1 or expressed a nonphosphorylatable RIN1 mutant, and cytokine secretion was decreased in cells treated with PRKCD inhibitors. Invasive breast cancer tissue had decreased expression of PTPN14, and patient survival was worse when tumors had increased expression of the genes encoding RIN1 or PRKCD. Thus, PTPN14 prevents metastasis by restricting the trafficking of both soluble and membrane-bound proteins.
Detection of ultra-rare mutations by next-generation sequencing (2012)

Next-generation DNA sequencing promises to revolutionize clinical medicine and basic research. However, while this technology has the capacity to generate hundreds of billions of nucleotides of DNA sequence in a single experiment, the error rate of ~1% results in hundreds of millions of sequencing mistakes. These scattered errors can be tolerated in some applications but become extremely problematic when "deep sequencing" genetically heterogeneous mixtures, such as tumors or mixed microbial populations. To overcome limitations in sequencing accuracy, we have developed a method termed Duplex Sequencing. This approach greatly reduces errors by independently tagging and sequencing each of the two strands of a DNA duplex. As the two strands are complementary, true mutations are found at the same position in both strands. In contrast, PCR or sequencing errors result in mutations in only one strand and can thus be discounted as technical error. We determine that Duplex Sequencing has a theoretical background error rate of less than one artifactual mutation per billion nucleotides sequenced. In addition, we establish that detection of mutations present in only one of the two strands of duplex DNA can be used to identify sites of DNA damage. We apply the method to directly assess the frequency and pattern of random mutations in mitochondrial DNA from human cells.
The MIT Alewife machine (1998)

Alewife is a multiprocessor architecture that suppons up to 5 I2 processmg nodes connected over a scalable and cost-effective mesh network at a constant cost per node. The MIT Alewife machine. a prototype implementation of the architecture. demonstrates that a parallel system can be both scalable and programmable. Four mechanisms combine to achieve these goals: software-extended coherent shared memory provides a global, linear address space; integrated message passing allows compiler and operating system designers to provrde efficient commumcation and synchronization: support for fine-gram computation allows many processors to cooperate on small problem srzes: and latency tolerance mechanisms -including block multithreading and prefetching -mask unavoidable delays due to communication.
Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN Diets for Change in Weight and Related Risk Factors Among Overweight Premenopausal Women (2007)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00079573.
Concentrations in plasma and safety of 7 days of intravenous itraconazole followed by 2 weeks of oral itraconazole solution in patients in intensive care units (1997)

Pharmacokinetics and safety of a hydroxy-beta-propyl solution of itraconazole were assessed in 16 patients in an intensive care unit. On the first 2 days, four 1-h infusions of 200 mg were given at 0, 8, 24, and 32 h. From day 3 to 7, inclusive, a single 1-h infusion of 200 mg of itraconazole was given daily. The intravenous (i.v.) treatment was directly followed by repeated administrations of an oral solution of itraconazole at a dosage of either 200 mg once daily or 200 mg twice daily (b.i.d.). During i.v. treatment, steady-state concentrations of itraconazole and hydroxy-itraconazole in plasma were reached within 48 and 96 h, respectively. At the end of i.v. treatment, mean (+/- standard deviation) itraconazole and hydroxy-itraconazole trough concentrations in plasma were 0.344 +/- 0.140 and 0.605 +/- 0.205 microg/ml, respectively. After the 2-week oral follow-up of 200 mg once daily the mean trough concentration had decreased to 0.245 microg/ml, whereas after 200 mg b.i.d. it increased to 0.369 microg/ml. Diarrhea during oral treatment appeared to be dose related and may be due to the solvent hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. More severe laboratory abnormalities were noted during the i.v. than the oral treatment phase, probably related to more severe illness in that period of intensive care, but none proved clinically important. These results suggest that plasma itraconazole levels above 0.250 microg/ml may be achieved and maintained with the 1-week i.v. schedule followed by b.i.d. oral administration, whereas the once-daily oral follow-up seems to be a suboptimal treatment.
Selection of tumor antigens as targets for immune attack using immunohistochemistry: II. Blood group-related antigens (1997)

Blood group-related antigens have been attractive targets for immunotherapy of cancer since their initial identification as cancer-related antigens. However, available information on the relative expression of most of these antigens on human malignant and normal tissues has been insufficient for selecting optimal antigens and tumors for immune attack. In this study, the distribution of the blood group-related antigens TF, Tn, sTn, Le(a), sialyl Le(a), Le(b), Le(x), sialyl Le(x), polyfucosyl Le(x) and Le(y) on 13 types of cancer and 16 normal tissues was compared. Our results show that sTn is strongly expressed on cancers of breast, colon, stomach, ovary, prostate and uterus; Tn on prostate cancer; TF on cancers of breast, colon, ovary, prostate and uterus; Le(y) on the cancers of colon, lung, pancreas and ovary; Le(a) and Le(x) on gastric cancer; and sialyl Le(a) and sialyl Le(x) on colon cancer. The complete absence of these antigens on cancers of neuroectodermal or mesodermal origin including melanoma, sarcoma, neuroblastoma and B cell lymphoma is as striking as their widespread presence on tumors of epithelial origin. Normal tissues were also tested. Tn and Le(b) were only detected on gastric and ovarian epithelia; sTn on Leydig cells of testis in addition to gastric and ovarian epithelia; Le(x) and sialyl Le(x) on polymorphonuclear leukocytes; and TF, Le(a), sialyl Le(a), Le(x), sialyl Le(x), polyfucosyl Le(x) and Le(y) on epithelia from a variety of tissues.
Neocentromere-mediated Chromosome Movement in Maize (1997)

Neocentromere activity is a classic example of nonkinetochore chromosome movement. In maize, neocentromeres are induced by a gene or genes on Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) which causes heterochromatic knobs to move poleward at meiotic anaphase. Here we describe experiments that test how neocentromere activity affects the function of linked centromere/kinetochores (kinetochores) and whether neocentromeres and kinetochores are mobilized on the spindle by the same mechanism. Using a newly developed system for observing meiotic chromosome congression and segregation in living maize cells, we show that neocentromeres are active from prometaphase through anaphase. During mid-anaphase, normal chromosomes move on the spindle at an average rate of 0.79 micron/min. The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement but propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min. Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movement is only marginally affected by the activity of a linked neocentromere. Combined in situ hybridization/immunocytochemistry is used to demonstrate that unlike kinetochores, neocentromeres associate laterally with microtubules and that neocentromere movement is correlated with knob size. These data suggest that microtubule depolymerization is not required for neocentromere motility. We argue that neocentromeres are mobilized on microtubules by the activity of minus end-directed motor proteins that interact either directly or indirectly with knob DNA sequences.
Design, Synthesis, and Antiangiogenic Effects of a Series of Potent Novel Fumagillin Analogues (2007)

A series of fumagillin analogues containing the C6-substituted cinnamoyl moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antiangiogenic activity. Among them, 4-hydroxyethoxy-cinnamoyl fumagillol (4a) and 4-hydroxyethoxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamoyl fumagillol (4d) exhibited more potent anti-proliferation activity in CPAE and HUVEC cells with low cytotoxicity in vitro. These compounds are presently under further pharmacological evaluation studies.
Enhanced RNase H activity with methylphosphonodiester/phosphodiester chimeric antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. (1992)

Chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides, comprised of internal phosphodiester and terminal methylphosphonodiester sections, possess many beneficial characteristics as antisense effectors. We have investigated the effects of progressive replacement of phosphodiester by methylphosphonodiester linkages on hybrid stability with complementary RNA and DNA. The melting temperatures (Tms) of oligodeoxynucleotide/RNA heteroduplexes were found to decrease dramatically with increasing methylphosphonate substitution. In contrast, a smaller reduction in Tm was observed for comparable DNA heteroduplexes. This disparate reduction in hybrid stability was found with both the G + C-rich human c-myc and A + T-rich human c-Ha-ras sequences used, suggesting that methylphosphonate oligodeoxynucleotide analogues generally hybridize with less affinity to RNA than DNA. RNase H assays were employed to determine if the noted decreases in Tm impaired the ability of chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides to direct the degradation of RNA. Contrary to expectation, increasing methylphosphonate substitution gave rise to increasing rates of RNA degradation for both the c-myc and c-Ha-ras series. The present results suggest that chimeric oligodeoxynucleotide analogues may be of considerable utility as antisense agents in systems where RNase H is thought to make a major contribution to inhibition of gene expression.
Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease (2002)

HomeCirculationVol. 106, No. 21Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease