gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of cardiac myocyte phenotype in vitro by the composition and orientation of the extracellular matrix (1994)

Cellular phenotype is the result of a dynamic interaction between a cell's intrinsic genetic program and the morphogenetic signals that serve to modulate the extent to which that program is expressed. In the present study we have examined how morphogenetic information might be stored in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and communicated to the neonatal heart cell (NHC) by the cardiac alpha 1 beta 1 integrin molecule. A thin film of type I collagen (T1C) was prepared with a defined orientation. This was achieved by applying T1C to the peripheral edge of a 100 mm culture dish. The T1C was then drawn across the surface of the dish in a continuous stroke with a sterile cell scraper and allowed to polymerize. When NHCs were cultured on this substrate, they spread, as a population, along a common axis in parallel with the gel lattice and expressed an in vivo-like phenotype. Individual NHCs displayed an elongated, rod-like shape and disclosed parallel arrays of myofibrils. These phenotypic characteristics were maintained for at least 4 weeks in primary culture. The evolution of this tissue-like organizational pattern was dependent upon specific interactions between the NHCs and the collagen-based matrix that were mediated by the cardiac alpha 1 beta 1 integrin complex. This conclusion was supported by a variety of experimental results. Altering the tertiary structure of the matrix or blocking the extracellular domains of either the cardiac alpha 1 or beta 1 integrin chain inhibited the expression of the tissue-like pattern of organization. Neither cell-to-cell contact or contractile function were necessary to induce the formation of the rod-like cell shape. However, beating activity was necessary for the assembly of a well-differentiated myofibrillar apparatus. These data suggest that the cardiac alpha 1 beta 1 integrin complex serves to detect and transduce phenotypic information stored within the tertiary structure of the surrounding matrix.
Visual interpretation of hand gestures as a practical interface modality (1997)

This dissertation describes a user interface in which many tasks traditionally performed by a mouse are instead performed using visual recognition of hand gestures. The goals are to explore both how a vision system should be designed to recognize hand gestures, and how they are best used in a general purpose interface. Observed by a camera below the screen, the user manipulates objects directly with gestures incorporating both motion and pose. Task and domain knowledge provide context, allowing real-time recognition on standard PC hardware. A color-based algorithm is trained to segment user&amp;apos;s hands from complex backgrounds without visual aids. Training uses a novel combination of both positive and negative data to improve segmentation quality. The apparent path of the hand is smoothed with an algorithm which reduces the types of noise inherent in the domain but leaves a cursor motion on the screen that feels natural for the user. Salient features of the motion are extracted, including a newly discovered natural gesture (a “Comma”), which helps provide punctuation for each gestural sentence. Neural networks are trained to classify the pose of the user&amp;apos;s hand from cropped and preprocessed images. The nets correctly classify 90-95 % of the hand images in real time. A transition network encodes the interaction language. It controls the application of feature extraction operators and interprets their results to determine when to perform actions on the user&amp;apos;s behalf. The style of interaction is based on studies of natural gesticulation and incorporates various features designed to make it natural and easy for the user to remember. The system demonstrates a 80-90 % success rate on most tasks. Object selection time for large objects is demonstrated to be equal or superior to that of a mouse. Object selection performance is modeled accurately by augmenting Fitts &amp;apos; Law with terms for lag and random cursor noise. Finally, the suitability of gesture for this type of task is considered. Various interaction styles are examined, and problems specific to hand gesture are discussed.
Microfabrication of nanowires-based GMR biosensor (2009)

This study focuses on the development of current-perpendicular-to plane (CPP) Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) of CoNiCu/Cu multilayered nanowire based microfluidic sensors for the detection of magnetic nanoparticles and fluids. The visible measurable variations in electrical voltage due to changes in external magnetic field are later to be monitored in microfluidic biosensor for the detection of toxicants in cells. An early prototype device was fabricated and tested using both an aqueous nonmagnetic medium (water) and a commercially available ferrofluid solution. A magnetic field of 0.01T caused a resistance change of 1.37% for ferrofluid, while a 1.1% GMR was recorded for the water baseline.
Practical and secure PCM systems by online detection of malicious write streams (2011)

Phase Change Memory (PCM) may become a viable alternative for the design of main memory systems in the next few years. However PCM suffers from limited write endurance. Therefore future adoption of PCM as a technology for main memory will depend on the availability of practical solutions for wear leveling that avoids uneven usage especially in the presence of potentially malicious users. First generation wear leveling algorithms were designed for typical workloads and have significantly reduced lifetime under malicious access patterns that try to write to the same line continuously. Secure wear leveling algorithms were recently proposed. They can handle such malicious attacks, but require that wear leveling is done at a rate that is orders of magnitude higher than what is sufficient for typical applications, thereby incurring significantly high write overhead, potentially impairing overall performance system. This paper proposes a practical wear-leveling framework that can provide years of lifetime under attacks while still incurring negligible (<;1%) write overhead for typical applications. It uses a simple and novel Online Attack Detector circuit to adapt the rate of wear leveling depending on the properties of the memory reference stream, thereby obtaining the best of both worlds - low overhead for typical applications and years of lifetime under attacks. The proposed attack detector requires a storage overhead of 68 bytes, is effective at estimating the severity of attacks, is applicable to a wide variety of wear leveling algorithms, and reduces the write overhead of several recently proposed wear leveling algorithms by 16x-128x. The paradigm of online attack detection enables other preventive actions as well.
Adalimumab for the treatment of patients with moderately to severely active psoriatic arthritis: Results of a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial (2005)

Adalimumab significantly improved joint and skin manifestations, inhibited structural changes on radiographs, lessened disability due to joint damage, and improved quality of life in patients with moderately to severely active PsA.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of the Chronic Renal Disease Agent: 4,5‐Dihydro‐3H‐1,4,8b‐triazaacenaphthylen‐3‐one Derivatives Using Regioselective Chlorination of Ethyl 5‐Methylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine‐3‐carboxylate with N‐Chlorosuccinimide. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
D3‐Creatine dilution and the importance of accuracy in the assessment of skeletal muscle mass (2019)

Sarcopenia has been described as the age-associated decrease in skeletal muscle mass. However, virtually every study of sarcopenia has measured lean body mass (LBM) or fat free mass (FFM) rather than muscle mass, specifically. In a number of published sarcopenia studies, LBM or FFM is referred to as muscle mass, leading to an incorrect assumption that measuring LBM or FFM is an accurate measure of muscle mass. As a result, the data on the effects of changes in LBM or FFM in older populations on outcomes such as functional capacity, disability, and risk of injurious falls have been inconsistent resulting in the conclusion that muscle mass is only weakly related to these outcomes. We review and describe the assumptions for the most commonly used measurements of body composition. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has become an increasingly common tool for the assessment of LBM or FFM and appendicular lean mass as a surrogate, but inaccurate, measurement of muscle mass. Other previously used methods (total body water, bioelectric impedance, and imaging) also have significant limitations. D<sub>3</sub> -Creatine (D<sub>3</sub> -Cr) dilution provides a direct and accurate measurement of creatine pool size and skeletal muscle mass. In a recent study in older men (MrOS cohort), D<sub>3</sub> -Cr muscle mass was associated with functional capacity and risk of injurious falls and disability, while assessments of LBM or appendicular lean mass by DXA were only weakly or not associated with these outcomes. Inaccurate measurements of muscle mass by DXA and other methods have led to inconsistent results and potentially erroneous conclusions about the importance of skeletal muscle mass in health and disease. The assessment of skeletal muscle mass using the D<sub>3</sub> -Cr dilution method in prospective cohort studies may reveal sarcopenia as a powerful risk factor for late life disability and chronic disease.
Folding in vitro of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor in the presence of proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (1992)

The rates of folding and disulfide bond formation in reduced BPTI were measured in vitro in the presence and absence of total protein from the endoplasmic reticulum. The rates were increased substantially by the endoplasmic reticulum proteins, but only to the extent expected from the known content and activity of protein-disulfide-isomerase. No effects of added ATP or Ca2+ were observed, even though protein-disulfide-isomerase binds Ca2+ tightly.
Universal Resource Identifiers in WWW: A Unifying Syntax for the Expression of Names and Addresses of Objects on the Network as used in the World-Wide Web (1994)

This document defines the syntax used by the World-Wide Web initiative
to encode the names and addresses of objects on the Internet. This
memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Over-expressing Akt in T cells to resist tumor immunosuppression and increase anti-tumor activity (2015)

These data indicates that over-expressing Akt in tumor specific T cells increases T cell proliferation and activity in the tumor environment, and enhances anti-tumor effects of adoptively transferred T cells. Our study provides a new strategy to improve the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy, and serves as an important foundation for clinical translation.
Idiopathic Eosinophilic Synovitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature (1996)

Eosinophilia of synovial fluid is an uncommon condition. The majority of the reported cases are associated to diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, parasitic disease, hypereosinophilic syndrome, Lyme disease, and allergic processes as well as hemarthrosis and arthrography. Presently there are only four cases of eosinophilic synovitis with unknown cause. We are reporting a patient with oligoarthritis of the knees, massive eosinophilia, and Charcot-Leyden crystals in synovial fluid without associated cause. We review the clinical and biological features of eosinophilic synovitis and discuss its pathogenesis.
The IBA state-of-the-art proton therapy system, performances and recent results (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. Prieels, B. Marchand, B. Bauvir, P. De Crock, G. Gevers, S. Schmidt, G. André, S. Ternier, Y. Jongen; The IBA state-of-the-art proton therapy system, performances and recent results. AIP Conf. Proc. 12 July 2001; 576 (1): 857–860. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1395438 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The selective antiproliferative effects of alpha-tocopheryl hemisuccinate and cholesteryl hemisuccinate on murine leukemia cells result from the action of the intact compounds. (1994)

In the present study we have established that the antitumor activity of alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TS, vitamin E succinate) and cholesteryl succinate (CS) result from the action of the intact TS and CS compounds and not from the release of alpha-tocopherol, cholesterol, or succinate. We report that treatment of murine leukemia cell lines C1498 (myeloid) and L1210 (lymphocytic), with the tris salts of TS or CS, but not alpha-tocopherol and tris succinate or cholesterol and tris succinate, significantly inhibit the growth of these tumor cells and significantly enhance doxorubicin-induced tumor cell kill in a similar fashion. In contrast, the treatments mentioned above did not adversely affect the growth of murine normal bone marrow cells (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage). In fact, colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage cell growth was stimulated by exposure to CS and TS (as well as their ether analogues) at concentrations above 100 microM. Furthermore, pretreatment of colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage cells with TS or CS appears to protect these normal cells from the lethal effect of doxorubicin exposure. Selective inhibition of leukemia cell proliferation (identical to that noted for CS and TS) was also observed following the treatment of cells with the nonhydrolyzable ether forms of CS (cholesteryloxybutyric acid) and TS (alpha-tocopheryloxybutyric acid). These findings suggest that TS, alpha-tocopheryloxybutyric acid, CS, and cholesteryloxybutyric acid may prove clinically useful as selective antitumor agents when administered alone or in combination with doxorubicin by a route that ensures tissue accumulation of the intact compound.
Direct synthesis of Cryolite type Li3FeF6 and its characterization as positive electrode in Li cell (2009)

We have synthesized a Cryolite type iron hexafluoroferrates by mild chemistry complex formation reaction. For the first time their electrochemical properties as positive electrode materials in rechargeable batteries were studied. The alpha-Li3FeF6 delivered a 116 mAh/g reversible capacity at an average discharge voltage of 3.0 V maintaining good capacity retention of about 30 cycles at a 0.2 mA/cm2 rate. The preliminary results are reported.
Falciparum Malaria-Infected Erythrocytes Specifically Bind to Cultured Human Endothelial Cells (1981)

Erythrocytes infected with the late stages of the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum became attached to a subpopulation of cultured human endothelial cells by knoblike protrusions on the surface of the infected erythrocytes. Infected erythrocytes did not bind to cultured fibroblasts; uninfected erythrocytes did not bind to either endothelial cells or fibroblasts. The results suggest a specific receptor-ligand interaction between endothelial cells and a component, components, in the knobs of the infected erythrocytes.
Effects of Radiations of Different Qualities on Cells: Molecular Mechanisms of Damage and Repair (1993)

Studies of ionizing radiations of different quality are discussed with particular emphasis on damage to DNA of mammalian cells. Three related themes are followed. Firstly, inactivation and mutation experiments with ultrasoft X-rays and slow heavy ions, coupled with theoretical analyses of the structures of the radiation tracks, have emphasized the biological importance of localized track features over nanometre dimensions. This led to the suggestion that the critical physical features of the tracks are the stochastic clusterings of ionizations, directly in or very near to DNA, resulting in clustered initial molecular damage including various combinations of breaks, base damages, cross-links, etc. in the DNA. The quantitative hypotheses imply that final cellular effects from high-LET radiations are dominated by their more severe, and therefore less repairable, clustered damage, and that these are qualitatively different from the dominant low-LET damage. Second, relative effectiveness of different types of radiation led to questions on the mechanisms of induction of chromosome exchanges. The high efficiency of ultrasoft X-rays, despite their very short track lengths, suggested that single sites of DNA damage may lead to exchanges by a molecular process involving interaction with undamaged DNA. Also it is shown that a single site-specific DNA break, introduced by restriction enzymes, sometimes leads to a large deletion when misrepaired by cell extracts. These deletions occur between short DNA repeats, and are therefore a form of 'illegitimate' recombination, but clearly do not involve the interaction of two damage sites. Third, it was shown that cells from patients with the radiosensitive disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) lack a post-irradiation recovery process. The sensitivity of AT cells to high LET radiations was found to be reduced relative to that for normal cells, reinforcing the concept that high LET damage is less easy to repair. AT patients are prone to lymphoreticular cancers, and their cells show characteristic chromosomal rearrangements, which may be associated with misrepair at specific genomic sequences. Similarly, studies of radiation-induced leukaemia in the mouse have implicated rearrangement at specific interstitial chromosome sites, which are rich in telomere-like repeat sequences.
CRH₁ receptor antagonists for the treatment of depression and anxiety. (2007)

From basic and clinical studies, ample evidence has emerged that abnormalities of stress hormone regulation observed in depression and anxiety are caused by elevated secretion of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). This neuropeptide acts through CRH1 receptors to produce a number of anxiety- and depression-like symptoms, which has resulted in extensive validation of CRH1 receptors as a potential drug target. A number of orally available nonpeptidergic small molecules that are able to pass the blood-brain barrier have been discovered. Some of these compounds have entered clinical development. The authors summarize results from clinical studies of 2 CRH1 antagonists. One study designed as a safety and tolerability study also monitored amelioration of depression under 2 dose-escalation regimens. The compound studied, NBI-30775/R121919, was found to have a clinical profile comparable to that of paroxetine. In a second study the effect of another CRH1 antagonist, NBI-34041, on stress hormone secretion in response to a psychosocial stressor was investigated. Administration of this compound to healthy controls was found to reduce the stress-elicited secretion of stress hormones. However, neither compound impaired the CRH-induced release of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol, rejecting the possibility that the stress hormone system is impaired by CRH1 antagonists. From these studies the authors conclude that both CRH1 antagonists have psychotropic effects unrelated to their neuroendocrine action, in line with behavioral data obtained from transgenic mice with CRH1 gene deletions. The psychotropic effects observed in the clinical studies underscore that CRH1 antagonists constitute a novel treatment of depression and anxiety but may also serve to prevent negative sequelae of severe stressors.
Mechanism and Function of a Newly Identified CpG DNA Motif in Human Primary B Cells (2000)

The vertebrate immune system recognizes bacterial DNA based on the presence of unmethylated CpG-dinucleotides in particular base contexts ("CpG motifs"). In contrast to mice, knowledge about CpG-mediated effects on human B cells is poor. In the present study we identify and determine an optimal human CpG motif. A phosphodiester oligonucleotide containing this motif strongly stimulated CD86, CD40, CD54, and MHC class II expression, IL-6 synthesis, and proliferation of primary human B cells. These effects required internalization of the oligonucleotide and endosomal maturation. The molecular mechanism of action of this CpG motif was associated with the sustained induction of the NF-kappaB p50/p65 heterodimer and of the transcription-factor complex AP-1. Transcription-factor activation by CpG DNA was preceded by increased phosphorylation of the stress kinases c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38, and of activating transcription factor-2. In contrast to CpG, signaling through the B cell receptor led to activation of extracellular receptor kinase and to phosphorylation of a different isoform of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. These studies define the structure of a highly active human CpG motif and characterize its molecular mechanism of action in primary human B cells.
Structure and properties of Nonferrous Alloys (1996)

Tin lead alloys zinc magnesium-based alloys alluminium-based alloys copper-based alloys nickel-based alloys titanium, zirconium and hafnium noble metals and their alloys refractory metals and their alloys intermetallics.
Naloxone‐Reversible Monocyte Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (1989)

We studied monocyte function in 35 consecutive patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and 25 healthy controls. Eighty-five per cent of the patients showed monocyte dysfunction characterized by marked reduction in the number of monocytes displaying immunoreactive cytoskeletal vimentin filaments, a low phagocytosis index, and a reduced expression of HLA-DR antigens. These values increased dramatically after incubation of the patients' monocytes with the opioid antagonist naloxone. Other immunological abnormalities also noted in the patients were low lymphocyte blastogenesis and diminished numbers of monocytes displaying receptors for Fc of IgG (FcR) and C3b (CR1). These findings suggest that an increased opioid activity acting through a classical receptor mechanism is active on monocytes from a high proportion of patients with CFS and that this represents a novel example of immunomodulation by opioid peptides in human disease. We suggest that endogenous opioids are involved in the pathogenesis of the chronic fatigue syndrome.