gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of polymer scaffolds to be used in a composite injectable system for intervertebral disc tissue engineering (2005)

Abstract Adult porcine nucleus pulposus cells were seeded onto gelatin, demineralized bone matrix (DBM), and polylactide scaffolds and cultured in vitro . Cellular behavior in response to the scaffolds was analyzed using biochemical assays, histology, and real‐time quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Scanning electron microscopy showed pronounced differences in surface texture of the scaffolds. Nucleus pulposus cells attached and assumed an elongated fibroblast‐like morphology on the gelatin and DBM scaffolds. The cells cultured on the gelatin and DBM were metabolically active and expressed types I and II collagen and aggrecan. Detached cellular aggregates with a rounded morphology were noted in the culture tubes containing the polylactide scaffolds. Both surface chemistry and texture likely had a role in causing differences in cellular behavior in response to scaffold material. Promising results were observed using the gelatin and demineralized bone scaffolds, but the behavior of cells cultured on these scaffolds will need to be characterized further. This initial research will be used to direct future work involved in developing this composite injectable tissue engineering system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
Mechanism of Action of Nikkomycin and the Peptide Transport System of Candida albicans (1985)

Nikkomycin was found to be a potent growth inhibitor of Candida albicans through competitive inhibition of chitin synthase [Ki = 0.16 microM (0.1 microgram ml-1)]. The activity of the peptide-nucleoside drug was antagonized by both peptone and defined peptides. Transported dipeptides were effective antagonists while transported oligopeptides were not. A mutant of C. albicans resistant to the effects of nikkomycin through a transport defect was unable to transport dipeptides, while oligopeptide uptake was apparently unaffected. At least two peptide permeases are operational in this organism.
Preparation of titania particles utilizing the insoluble phase interface in a microchannel reactor (2002)

A stable interface between two insoluble currents in a microchannel reactor has been obtained by selecting the solvents and adjusting the flow rate; titania particles with a size of less than 10 nm could be prepared continuously on this interface; this new method shows great advantage for the control and measurement of particle sizes.
Long-term biological response of injured rat carotid artery seeded with smooth muscle cells expressing retrovirally introduced human genes. (1994)

Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) containing retrovirally introduced genes are a potential vehicle for gene replacement therapy. Because the cultured SMCs are selected for their ability to proliferate in vitro, it is possible that the SMCs might be permanently altered and lose their capacity to respond to growth-suppressing conditions after being seeded back into blood vessels. To investigate this possibility we measured SMC proliferation and intimal thickening in balloon-injured Fischer 344 rat carotid arteries seeded with SMCs stained with the fluorescent marker 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindo-carbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) and infected with replication-defective retrovirus expressing human adenosine deaminase or human placental alkaline phosphatase. The majority of the seeded SMCs remained in the intima while a few of the cells appeared to migrate into the first layer of the media. Intimal SMC proliferation returned to background levels (< 0.1% thymidine labeling index) by 28 d. At late times (1 and 12 mo) the morphological appearance of the intima was the same for balloon-injured arteries with or without seeded SMC, except that the seeded arteries continued to express human adenosine deaminase or alkaline phosphatase. These results support the conclusion that cultured SMC infected with a replication-defective virus containing human adenosine deaminase or alkaline phosphatase are not phenotypically altered and do not become transformed. After seeding onto the surface of an injured artery, they stop replicating but continue to express the introduced human genes even over the long term.
Vitamin E Prevents Alzheimer's Amyloid ß-Peptide (1-42)-Induced Neuronal Protein Oxidation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production (2000)

Amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) is a 42-43 amino acid peptide known to accumulate in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. We previously reported that the neurotoxicity caused by Abeta is a result of its associated free radicals, which can play an important role in generating oxidative stress. Abeta(25-35)-associated oxidative stress-induced neuronal death in vitro is well established by many laboratories, including ours. However, the oxidative stress-induced by the full-length [Abeta(1-42)] peptide is not well investigated. The protective effect of antioxidant vitamin E in full-length peptide-induced oxidative stress also has not been reported. Here, we report that the increased protein oxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and neurotoxicity induced by Abeta(1-42) in primary rat embryonic hippocampal neuronal culture are prevented by the free radical scavenger and antioxidant vitamin E. To test the hypothesis that vitamin E's protective effect may be due to inhibition of fibril formation, electron microscopy studies were undertaken. Vitamin E does not inhibit Abeta(1-42) fibril formation, suggesting that the neuroprotection afforded by this molecule stems from other processes, most probably through the scavenging of Ab-associated free radicals. These results may have implications on the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Reversal of scopolamine‐induced deficits with a single dose of donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (2005)

Robust effects of single-dose donepezil on cognition can be readily observed, with the use of a complex hidden maze learning task, both with and without a scopolamine-induced deficit model in healthy elderly adults.
Activation and repression of transcription by auxin-response factors (1999)

Auxin-response factors (ARFs) bind with specificity to TGTCTC auxin-response elements (AuxREs), which are found in promoters of primary/early auxin-response genes. Nine different ARFs have been analyzed for their capacity to activate or repress transcription in transient expression assays employing auxin-responsive GUS reporter genes. One ARF appears to act as a repressor. Four ARFs function as activators and contain glutamine-rich activation domains. To achieve transcriptional activation on TGTCTC AuxREs in transient expression assays, ARFs require a conserved dimerization domain found in both ARF and Aux/IAA proteins, but they do not absolutely require their DNA-binding domains. Our results suggest that ARFs can activate or repress transcription by binding to AuxREs directly and that selected ARFs, when overexpressed, may potentiate activation further by associating with an endogenous transcription factor(s) (e.g., an ARF) that is bound to AuxREs. Transfection experiments suggest that TGTCTC AuxREs are occupied regardless of the auxin status in cells and that these occupied AuxREs are activated when exogenous auxin is applied to cells or when ARF activators are overexpressed. The results provide new insight into mechanisms involved with auxin regulation of primary/early-response genes.
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Gold Nanohybrids:  Application in Highly Effective Transparent and Conductive Films (2007)

We report a new technique to enhance the electrical conductivity of transparent single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films with a negligible loss of their optical transmittance. Hybridization of the SWNT films with gold nanoparticles increased the electrical conductivity 2-fold to a maximum of 2.0 × 105 S/m while maintaining the transmittance of the initial value. The same trends are shown for other SWNT films with various initial conductivities and transparency levels. Functional changes in the gold-nanoparticle-coated SWNT films suggest that the electrical conductivity change is due to an electron depletion mechanism as a result of a doping effect.
Molecular determinants of immunogenicity: the immunon model of immune response. (1976)

The immunological response in vivo to a series of size-fractionated linear polymers of acrylamide substituted with hapten has been measured in mice. A sharp threshold was observed in immunogenic response elicited by various polymer preparations. All polymers with less than 12 to 16 appropriately spaced hapten groups per molecule were nonimmunogenic, while those polymers with greater than this number were fully immunogenic. The results lead to the conclusion that the immunological response at its most elementary level is quantized, i.e., a minimum specific number of antigen receptors (approximately 12 to 16) must be connected together as a spatially continuous cluster, an immunon, before an immunogenic signal is delivered to the responding cell.
Linear ethanol sensing of SnO2 nanorods with extremely high sensitivity (2006)

The SnO2 nanorods with a diameter down to 3nm are synthesized through a hydrothermal route and their sensing properties are investigated. The small size is confirmed by the results of x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and Raman scattering spectrum. The sensitivity is up to 83.8 as the nanorod sensor is exposed to 300ppm ethanol vapor in air. Moreover, the linear dependence of the sensitivity on the ethanol concentration is observed for each of the 20 sensors. Compared with the measured results of 80–180nm tin oxide particles, such linear dependence is related to the small size effect.
From “Diseases of Women” to “Secrets of Women”: The Transformation of Gynecological Literature in the Later Middle Ages (2000)

Research Article| January 01 2000 From "Diseases of Women" to "Secrets of Women": The Transformation of Gynecological Literature in the Later Middle Ages Monica H. Green Monica H. Green Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies (2000) 30 (1): 5–40. https://doi.org/10.1215/10829636-30-1-5 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Monica H. Green; From "Diseases of Women" to "Secrets of Women": The Transformation of Gynecological Literature in the Later Middle Ages. Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 1 January 2000; 30 (1): 5–40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/10829636-30-1-5 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies Search Advanced Search © by Duke University Press2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
First experimental evidence of the feasibility of multi-color magnetic particle imaging (2015)

Magnetic particle imaging is a new approach to visualizing magnetic nanoparticles. It is capable of 3D real-time in vivo imaging of particles injected into the blood stream and is a candidate for medical imaging applications. To date, only one particle type has been imaged at a time, however, the ability to separate signals acquired simultaneously from different particle types or from particles in different environments would substantially increase the scope of the method. Different colors could be assigned to different signal sources to allow for visualization in a single image. Successful signal separation has been reported in spectroscopic experiments, but it was unclear how well separation would work in conjunction with spatial encoding in an imaging experiment. This work presents experimental evidence of the separability of signals from different particle types and aggregation states (fluid versus powder) using a 'multi-color' reconstruction approach. Several mechanisms are discussed that may form the basis for successful signal separation.
Selective Binding of RNase B Glycoforms by Polydopamine-Immobilized Concanavalin A (2009)

Glycoanalysis is important in the manufacture and quality control of protein therapeutics. An emerging method for glycoanalysis is the use of lectin arrays. Critical to the performance of these arrays is the immobilization of lectin molecules. Polydopamine has recently been shown to adsorb to a wide variety of surfaces. In this study, polydopamine (pDA) was used to modify gold, indium, and iridium surfaces and promote the adhesion of the alpha-mannose-specific lectin concanavalin A (Con A). The activity of the surface-bound lectin was demonstrated with the alpha-mannose-presenting glycoprotein ribonuclease B (RNase B). Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPRS) was used to demonstrate the selective affinity of RNase B for Con A. Surface-MALDI-TOF MS experiments revealed that the affinity of polydopamine-immobilized Con A for the glycoforms of RNase B is significantly affected by slight variations in oligosaccharide structure and composition. Specifically, surface-bound Con A binds certain Man7, Man8, and Man9 RNase B glycoforms more strongly than Man5 and Man6 glycoforms.
Ester des 4‐Hydroxymethyl‐imidazols und der 4‐Imidazolessigsäure 2. Mitt. über Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehungen bei Histaminanaloga (1974)

Abstract Als potentiell histaminartig wirksame Substanzen wurden Ester des 4‐Hydroxymethyl‐imidazols und der 4‐Imidazolessigsäure dargestellt und am isolierten Ileum des Meerschweinchens und anderen Testobjekten untersucht.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PF‐05231023, a novel long‐acting FGF21 mimetic, in a first‐in‐human study (2015)

Single IV doses of PF-05231023 up to 200 mg were generally safe and well tolerated by subjects with T2DM. The observed early sign of pharmacology supports further clinical testing of PF-05231023 upon repeated administration.
Restoration of activity to catalytically deficient mutants of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase by aminoethylation. (1988)

Substitutions for active-site lysyl residues at positions 166 and 329 in ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from Rhodospirillum rubrum have been shown to abolish catalytic activity. Treatment of the Cys-166 and Cys-329 mutant proteins with 2-bromoethylamine partially restores enzyme activity, presumably as a consequence of selective aminoethylation of the thiol group unique to each protein. Amino acid analyses, slow inactivation of the wild-type carboxylase by bromoethylamine, and the failure of bromoethylamine to restore activity to the corresponding glycyl mutant proteins support this interpretation. The observed facile, selective aminoethylations may reflect an active site microenvironment not dissimilar to that of the native enzyme. Catalytic constants of these novel carboxylases, which contain a sulfur atom in place of a specific lysyl gamma-methylene group, are significantly lower than that of the wild-type enzyme. Furthermore, the aminoethylated mutant proteins form isolable complexes with a transition state analogue, but with compromised stabilities. These detrimental effects by such a modest structural change underscore the stringent requirement for lysyl side chains at positions 166 and 329. In contrast, the aminoethylated mutant proteins exhibit carboxylase/oxygenase activity ratios and Km values that are unperturbed relative to those for the native enzyme.
On the Stoney Formula for a Thin Film/Substrate System With Nonuniform Substrate Thickness (2007)

Current methodologies used for the inference of thin film stress through system curvature measurements are strictly restricted to stress and curvature states which are assumed to remain uniform over the entire film/substrate system. Recently Huang, Rosakis, and co-workers [Acta Mech. Sinica, 21, pp. 362–370 (2005); J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 53, 2483–2500 (2005); Thin Solid Films, 515, pp. 2220–2229 (2006); J. Appl. Mech., in press; J. Mech. Mater. Struct., in press] established methods for the film/substrate system subject to nonuniform misfit strain and temperature changes. The film stresses were found to depend nonlocally on system curvatures (i.e., depend on the full-field curvatures). These methods, however, all assume uniform substrate thickness, which is sometimes violated in the thin film/substrate system. Using the perturbation analysis, we extend the methods to nonuniform substrate thickness for the thin film/substrate system subject to nonuniform misfit strain.
Identification of α-Chloro Fatty Aldehydes and Unsaturated Lysophosphatidylcholine Molecular Species in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions (2003)

The present studies demonstrate that plasmalogens are attacked by MPO-derived reactive chlorinating species within human atheroma. The resultant species formed, alpha-chloro fatty aldehydes and unsaturated lysophospholipids, possess proatherogenic properties, as shown by induction of P-selectin surface expression in primary human coronary artery endothelial cells.
Coexistence of granular cell tumor with squamous cell carcinoma on the tongue: a case report. (2015)

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia may accompany GCTs on the tongue and this condition may mimic well-differentiated SCC. For this reason, with the help of Ki-67 and p63 expression, in addition to immunohistochemical markers, well-differentiated SCC should be differentiated from pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia through careful investigation.
Human targets of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanin (2003)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces copious amounts of the redoxactive tricyclic compound pyocyanin that kills competing microbes and mammalian cells, especially during cystic fibrosis lung infection. Cross-phylum susceptibility to pyocyanin suggests the existence of evolutionarily conserved physiological targets. We screened a Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion library to identify presumptive pyocyanin targets with the expectation that similar targets would be conserved in humans. Fifty S. cerevisiae targets were provisionally identified, of which 60% have orthologous human counterparts. These targets encompassed major cellular pathways involved in the cell cycle, electron transport and respiration, epidermal cell growth, protein sorting, vesicle transport, and the vacuolar ATPase. Using cultured human lung epithelial cells, we showed that pyocyanin-mediated reactive oxygen intermediates inactivate human vacuolar ATPase, supporting the validity of the yeast screen. We discuss how the inactivation of V-ATPase may negatively impact the lung function of cystic fibrosis patients.
[Urological and sexual evaluation of treatment of benign prostatic disease using Pygeum africanum at high doses]. (1991)

This clinical study has been designed to evaluate the efficacy of an extract of Pygeum Africanum (Tadenan) (Roussel-Pharma) in patients suffering from prostatic hypertrophy or chronic prostatitis. The drug has been administrated to 18 patients, for 60 days, as double of standard dosage (200 mg/die per os, instead of 100 mg/die). Because of the high frequency of association of sexual disorders with those two pathologies, we have extended the study also to sexual disorders selecting patients suffering from prostatic hypertrophy or chronic prostatitis and, simultaneously, from sexual disturbances. No side effects have been observed during the treatment. The urinary disturbances have been evaluated by anamnesis and prostatic transrectal echography; sexual disorders have been evaluated by anamnesis and nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity (NPTR) monitoring. Furthermore, dosage of serum levels of the hormones LH, FSH, Prolactin, 17 beta-Estradiol and Testosterone has been performed before and after therapy. Pygeum Africanum extract administration improved all the urinary parameters we investigated; prostatic echography relieved reduction of peri-urethral edema. Also an improvement of sexual behaviour has been obtained; but we have not found significant differences between serum hormonal levels before and after therapy, as well as for NPTR.
The Autoantibodies to α6β4 Integrin of Patients Affected by Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid Recognize Predominantly Epitopes Within the Large Cytoplasmic Domain of Human β4 (2000)

This study was undertaken to characterize the antigenic determinants recognized by the autoantibodies of patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP). OCP is a subepithelial, blistering, autoimmune disease that mainly affects the conjunctiva and other mucous membranes. We previously demonstrated that a cDNA clone, isolated from a keratinocyte expression library by using immunoaffinity-purified OCP autoantibody, encoded the cytoplasmic domain of beta 4 integrin subunit. Our subsequent studies showed that sera from all the OCP patients that were tested recognize the human beta 4 integrin subunit. To identify the prevalent epitopes of the anti-beta 4 autoantibodies of OCP, we have used cell lines transfected with vectors encoding a wild-type beta 4 subunit, a tailless beta 4 subunit, or a beta 4 subunit lacking the extracellular domain. Nontransfected cell lines were used as controls. Lysates from these cell lines were analyzed with OCP sera, IgG fractions from OCP sera, and immunoaffinity-purified OCP autoantibodies. Abs to extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of human beta 4 integrin were used as positive controls, whereas normal human sera and normal human IgG fractions were used as negative controls. The reactivity of OCP Abs was determined by using immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and FACS analysis. The results of this study indicate that OCP sera, OCP IgG fractions, and immunoaffinity-purified OCP autoantibodies react with the intracellular and not the extracellular domain of human beta 4 integrin subunit. In vitro cell culture experiments demonstrated that OCP autoantibody binds to the cytoplasm of the cells. The relevance of these findings to the pathogenesis of OCP is discussed.
Comparison of binding sites in DNA for berenil, netropsin and distamycin (1987)

Techniques of DNase I and micrococcal nuclease footprinting have been used to compare the binding sites for berenil, netropsin and distamycin on two different DNA fragments. Each ligand binds to the A + T-rich zones which contain clusters of at least four A.T base pairs. Neither guanosine nor cytidine nucleotides appear to be allowed within the A + T-rich runs which constitute the preferred binding sites, although they are sometimes protected from DNase I cleavage in neighbouring regions. Berenil and netropsin share with distamycin the property of causing enhanced rates of cleavage at certain sequences flanking their binding sites. There are significant differences in the concentrations of each ligand required to produce defined patterns of protection, seemingly dependent upon the nature (and possibly the gross base composition) of the piece of DNA being used in the experiment.