gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving Treatment of Urinary Incontinence (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Multicenter Comparison of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Ziprasidone and Olanzapine in Acutely Ill Inpatients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder (2004)

During 6 weeks' treatment, ziprasidone and olanzapine demonstrated comparable antipsychotic efficacy. Differences favoring ziprasidone were observed in metabolic parameters.
A Series of Multicolor Electrochromic Ruthenium(II) Trisbipyridine Complexes:  Synthesis and Electrochemistry (1999)

A series of 5,5‘-disubstituted 2,2‘-bipyridines and their corresponding tris complexes with ruthenium(II) have been synthesized. The substituents used (ketone, ester, nitrile, imide, and two amides) are all electron withdrawing in nature and, with one exception, contain a carbonyl group in the position α to the bipyridine ring. The reduction potentials of the free ligands and ruthenium complexes have been determined by cyclic voltammetry and are correlated with the Hammett σ constants of the substituents. Finally, the electron-withdrawing nature of these substituents shifts the reduction potentials of each complex sufficiently positive that up to six stable ligand-based reductions are observable. In these reduced oxidation states, all of the complexes display multicolor electrochromism.
Colorimetric Detection of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Reaction by Using Hydroxy Naphthol Blue (2009)

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), a novel gene amplification method, enables the synthesis of larger amounts of both DNA and a visible byproduct--namely, magnesium pyrophosphate--without thermal cycling. A positive reaction is indicated by the turbidity of the reaction solution or the color change after adding an intercalating dye to the reaction solution, but the use of such dyes has certain limitations. Hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB), a metal indicator for calcium and a colorimetric reagent for alkaline earth metal ions, was used for a new colorimetric assay of the LAMP reaction. Preaddition of 120 microM HNB to the LAMP reaction solution did not inhibit amplification efficiency. A positive reaction is indicated by a color change from violet to sky blue. The LAMP reaction with HNB could also be carried out in a 96-well microplate, and the reaction could be measured at 650 nm with a microplate reader. The colorimetric LAMP method using HNB would be helpful for high-throughput DNA and RNA detection.
Donor Species Richness Determines Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Success in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2015)

Faecal microbiota transplantation led to endoscopic and long-term (>2 years) remission in 2 out of 8 ulcerative colitis patients. Higher donor richness was associated with successful transplant. Therefore, faecal microbiota transplantation with donor prescreening could be a treatment option for selected refractory ulcerative colitis patients.
Biomechanics of orthoses for the subluxed shoulder (1989)

Based on biomechanics several operational principles for the neutralization of a shoulder subluxation are described. The pros and cons of the operational principles are discussed. A detailed analysis of the forces acting on the upper and lower arm indicates a preference for only one of the operational principles and explains why the arm sling and hemisling fail in the elimination of subluxation. With the operational principle selected a shoulder orthosis has been developed. Clinical results are given.
Neurodevelopment of Preterm Infants: Neonatal Neurosonographic and Serum Bilirubin Studies (1992)

In this study of 249 preterm infants of less than 34 weeks' gestation, the relationships between maximal serum total bilirubin concentrations during the neonatal period, neonatal cranial ultrasonographic abnormalities, and severe neurodevelopmental sequelae are described. The subjects, who were selected on the basis of serial cranial ultrasonographic findings, had repeated neurologic and developmental examinations during late infancy and early childhood that established the presence (n = 45) or absence (n = 204) of spastic forms of cerebral palsy. Of the 204 subjects without cerebral palsy, 23 scored abnormally low on standardized developmental testing during early childhood. All but seven of the subjects with cerebral palsy had grade III/IV intracranial hemorrhage or moderate to severe periventricular echogenicity or both, ultrasonographic abnormalities that probably reflect a disruption in the blood-brain barrier as well as extravasation of blood into brain tissue; however, analysis of the data did not suggest that these cranial ultrasonographic abnormalities increased either the maximum serum bilirubin concentration during the neonatal period or the susceptibility of the subjects to neurologic damage from hyperbilirubinemia. Also, there was no evidence to suggest that bilirubinemia in the range studied (2.3 to 22.5 mg/100 mL total serum bilirubin) was causally related to cerebral palsy, early developmental delay, or the development of periventricular cysts in this population of preterm infants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pairwise input neural network for target-ligand interaction prediction (2014)

Prediction the interactions between proteins (targets) and small molecules (ligands) is a critical task for the drug discovery in silico. In this work, we consider the target binding site instead of the whole target and propose a pairwise input neural network (PINN) for constructing the site-ligand interaction prediction model. Different with the ordinary artificial neural network (ANN) with one vector as input, the proposed PINN can accept a pair of vectors as the input, corresponding to a binding site and a ligand respectively. The 5-CV evaluation results show that PINN outperforms other representative target-ligand interaction prediction methods.
Alterations in tyrosine protein phosphorylation induced by antibody-mediated cross-linking of the CD4 receptor of T lymphocytes. (1989)

Accumulating data suggest that the CD4 T-cell surface antigen transduces an independent intracellular signal during antigen-mediated T-cell activation. CD4 is physically associated with the internal membrane tyrosine protein kinase p56lck and can mediate, after antibody-mediated cross-linking, the rapid enzymatic activation of Lck, implying that CD4 signalling may involve changes in tyrosine protein phosphorylation. In this report, we describe that cross-linking of CD4 results in a series of rapid changes in intracellular tyrosine protein phosphorylation. The most prominent CD4-induced tyrosine phosphorylation change involved p56lck, which became extensively phosphorylated on the carboxy-terminal tyrosine residue 505 and, to a lesser extent, lymphocytes can transduce an intracellular signal resulting in tyrosine protein phosphorylation and strongly suggest that this property of CD4 is mediated through p56lck.
Formulation and Stability Mechanisms of Polymerizable Miniemulsions (1999)

Polystyrene latexes in a size range of 30−180 nm can be synthesized by polymerization in miniemulsions where the particle size responds to the amount of the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) which was varied between 0.5 and 50 wt % with respect to monomer. Turbidity and surface tension measurements were used to characterize the miniemulsification by ultrasonication and the approach to a steady state of droplet size. Since size equilibrium seems to be established by a rate equation of collision-induced droplet fusion and ultrasound fission, miniemulsions realize the minimal droplet size for the distinct amount of surfactant; i.e., they are “critically stabilized” with respect to collisions (τ2 process). Complete stability against Ostwald ripening (τ1 process) is obtained by the addition of a hydrophobe, which was varied over a broad structural range. The efficiency of this hydrophobic agent is given mainly by a very low water solubility. The growth of the critically stabilized miniemulsion droplets is usually slower than the polymerization time; therefore in ideal cases, a 1:1 copy of droplets to particles is obtained, and the critically stabilized state is frozen. The critical surface coverage of these particles with SDS molecules was determined and depends strongly on the particle size: the smaller the particle size, the higher the required surface coverage with surfactant. The good accessibility of these systems allows to establish a general relation between the macroscopic surface tension of the latex and the microscopic coverage of the particles which is expected to hold true for all latexes. Finally, the characteristics of polymerization in miniemulsions were compared with those of the corresponding processes in macro- and microemulsions.
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID IN TREATMENT‐RESISTANT DEPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH SYMPTOM REMISSION, STRUCTURAL BRAIN CHANGES AND REDUCED NEURONAL PHOSPHOLIPID TURNOVER (2001)

The n-3 essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was added to the conventional antidepressant treatment of a treatment-resistant severely depressed and suicidal male patient with a seven-year history of unremitting depressive symptoms. The niacin skin flush test and cerebral magnetic resonance scanning were carried out at baseline and nine months later. The addition of ethyl-EPA led to a dramatic and sustained clinical improvement in all the symptoms of depression, including a cessation of previously unremitting severe suicidal ideation, within one month. Symptoms of social phobia also improved dramatically. During the nine-month period the volumetric niacin response increased by 30%, the relative concentration of cerebral phosphomonesters increased by 53%, and the ratio of cerebral phosphomonesters to phosphodiesters increased by 79%, indicating reduced neuronal phospholipid turnover. Registered difference images showed that the EPA treatment was accompanied by structural brain changes including, in particular, a reduction in the lateral ventricular volume.
Sputum Biomarkers of Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease (2007)

Pulmonary biomarkers are being used more frequently to monitor disease activity and evaluate response to treatment in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). This article summarizes the current state of knowledge of biomarkers of inflammation relevant to CF lung disease, and the tools to measure inflammation, with specific emphasis on sputum. Sputum is a rich, noninvasive source of biomarkers of inflammation and infection. Sputum induction, through the inhalation of hypertonic saline, has expanded the possibilities for monitoring airway inflammation and infection, especially in individuals who do not routinely expectorate sputum. We critically examine the existing data supporting the validity of sputum biomarkers in CF, with an eye toward their application as surrogate endpoints or outcome measures in CF clinical trials. Further validation studies are needed regarding the variability of inflammatory biomarker measurements, and to evaluate how these biomarkers relate to disease severity, and to longitudinal changes in lung function and other clinical endpoints. We highlight the need to incorporate sputum collection, by induction if necessary, and measurement of sputum biomarkers into routine CF clinical care. In the future, pulmonary biomarkers will likely be useful in predicting disease progression, indicating the onset and resolution of a pulmonary exacerbation, and assessing response to current therapies or candidate therapeutics.
Facial Rejuvenation Using Botulinum Toxin A: Review and Updates (2004)

The aesthetic applications of botulinum toxin A (Botox) are well known to certain medical and nonmedical communities. This nonsurgical rejuvenation modality continues to be in high demand in part because of the immediacy of its effects, its high safety profile, and its no-downtime recovery period. The physician interested in using Botox for facial rejuvenation needs to have a working knowledge of facial anatomy and botulinum toxin pharmacology and clinical experience with Botox injections.
Noninvasive blood glucose assay using a newly developed near-infrared system (2003)

This paper reports in vivo near-infrared (NIR) noninvasive blood glucose assay using dermis tissue spectra. We assume that the glucose content in dermis tissue traces the variations in blood glucose. For dermis spectra measurements, epidermis, especially stratum corneum, acts as an interference in skin tissue. Thus, we have developed a method for the selective measurement of dermis tissue spectra, enabling us to obtain better quality spectra for an accurate blood glucose assay. The selective measurement of the dermis spectra realized by using a newly developed fiber-optic probe that consists of source and detector optical fibers separated by 0.65 mm on a skin surface. The light path in the skin tissue for this geometry has been simulated by a Monte Carlo method. The simulation results show that detected light mainly interrogates dermis tissue. As the absorbance signal of glucose in human tissue is extremely small, the quality of the measured spectra is critical for the reliable assay. The present method for blood glucose assay has been applied to one Type 1 diabetic. The correlation coefficient between the blood glucose content predicted by NIR spectra and those measured by finger-prick was 0.928 and the standard error of prediction was 32.2 mg/dL. These results demonstrate the potential of our methodology for noninvasive NIR blood glucose assay.
Ligand Preorganization May Be Accompanied by Entropic Penalties in Protein–Ligand Interactions (2006)

Fact or fiction? It is generally assumed that preorganization of a flexible ligand in the 3D shape it adopts when bound to a macromolecular receptor will provide a derivative with an increased binding affinity that benefits entropically (see picture). Contrary to this fundamental tenet of molecular recognition, it is shown that ligand preorganization in biological systems does not necessarily have a favorable entropic component. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600844_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Isolation and characterization of the moxJ, moxG, moxI, and moxR genes of Paracoccus denitrificans: inactivation of moxJ, moxG, and moxR and the resultant effect on methylotrophic growth (1991)

By using the moxF gene encoding the large fragment of methanol dehydrogenase as a probe, a downstream linked chromosomal fragment was isolated from a genomic bank of Paracoccus denitrificans. The nucleotide sequence of the fragment was determined and revealed the 3' part of moxF, four additional open reading frames, and the 5' part of a sixth one. The organization and deduced amino acid sequences of the first three frames downstream from moxF were found to be largely homologous to the moxJ, moxG, and moxI gene products of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. Directly downstream from these three genes, a new mox gene was identified. The gene is designated moxR. By using the suicide vector pGRPd1, the moxJ, moxG, and moxR genes were inactivated by the insertion of a kanamycin resistance gene. Subsequently, suicide vector pRVS1 was used to replace the marker genes in moxJ and moxG for unmarked deletions made in vitro. As a result, the three insertion strains as well as the two unmarked mutant strains were unable to grow on methanol, even in the presence of pyrroloquinoline quinone. Growth on succinate and on methylamine was not affected. In all five mutant strains, synthesis of the large subunit of methanol dehydrogenase and of inducible cytochrome c553i was observed. The moxJ and moxG insertion mutant strains were unable to synthesize both the cytochrome c551i and the small subunit of methanol dehydrogenase, and this lack of synthesis was attended by the loss of methanol dehydrogenase activity. The moxJ deletion mutant strain partly synthesized the latter two proteins, cytochrome c551i. Partial synthesis of the small subunit of methanol dehydrogenase observed with the latter strain was attended by a corresponding extent of methanol dehydrogenase activity. The moxR insertion mutant strain was shown to synthesize cytochrome c551i as well as the large and small subunits of methanol dehydrogenase, but no methanol dehydrogenase activity was observed. The results show that periplasmic cytochrome c551i is the moxG gene product and the natural electron acceptor of methanol dehydrogenase in P. denitrificans. In contrast to earlier suggestions, this cytochrome was found to be different from membrane-bound cytochrome c552. In addition, it is demonstrated that moxI encodes the small subunit of methanol dehydrogenase. It is suggested that MoxJ is involved in the assemblage of active methanol dehydrogenase in the periplasm and, in addition, that MoxR is involved in the regulation of formation of active methanol dehydrogenase.
De Novo Synthesis of Stable Tetrahydroporphyrinic Macrocycles:  Bacteriochlorins and a Tetradehydrocorrin (2005)

[structures: see text] Bacteriochlorins (tetrahydroporphyrins) are attractive for diverse photochemical applications owing to their strong absorption in the near-infrared spectral region, as exemplified by the bacterial photosynthetic pigment bacteriochlorophyll a, yet often are labile toward dehydrogenation to give the chlorin. Tetradehydrocorrins (ring-contracted tetrahydroporphyrins) are attractive for studies of catalysis analogous to that of vitamin B12. An eight-step synthesis toward such tetrahydroporphyrinic macrocycles begins with p-tolualdehyde and proceeds to a dihydrodipyrrin-acetal (1) bearing a geminal dimethyl group and a p-tolyl substituent. Self-condensation of 1 in CH3CN containing BF3 x OEt2 at room temperature afforded a readily separable mixture of two free base bacteriochlorins and a free base B,D-tetradehydrocorrin. Each bacteriochlorin contains two geminal dimethyl groups to lock-in the bacteriochlorin hydrogenation level, p-tolyl substituents at opposing (2,12) beta-positions, and the absence (H-BC) or presence (MeO-BC) of a methoxy group at the 5- (meso) position. The B,D-tetradehydrocorrin (TDC) lies equidistant between the hydrogenation levels of corrin and corrole, is enantiomeric, and contains two geminal dimethyl groups, 2,12-di-p-tolyl substituents, and an acetal group at the pyrroline-pyrrole junction. Examination of the effect of the concentrations of 1 (2.5-50 mM) and BF3 x OEt2 (10-500 mM) revealed a different response surface for each of H-BC, MeO-BC, and TDC, enabling relatively selective preparation of a given macrocycle. The highest isolated yield of each was 49, 30, and 66%, respectively. The macrocycles are stable to routine handling in light and air. The bacteriochlorins display characteristic spectral features; for example, H-BC exhibits near-IR absorption (lambda(Qy) = 737 nm, epsilon(Qy) = 130,000 M(-1) cm(-1)) and emission (lambda(em) = 744 nm, phi(f) = 0.14). In summary, this simple entry to stable bacteriochlorins and tetradehydrocorrins should facilitate a wide variety of applications.
Ionic Liquid-Mediated Formation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural—A Promising Biomass-Derived Building Block (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTIonic Liquid-Mediated Formation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural—A Promising Biomass-Derived Building BlockMałgorzata E. Zakrzewska†, Ewa Bogel-Łukasik†, and Rafał Bogel-Łukasik*†‡View Author Information REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Unit of Bioenergy, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal* Fax: +351217163636. Telephone: +351210924600 ext 4224. E-mail: [email protected]†Universidade Nova de Lisboa.‡Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 2, 397–417Publication Date (Web):October 25, 2010Publication History Received2 June 2010Published online25 October 2010Published inissue 9 February 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr100171ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr100171areview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8807Altmetric-Citations718LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Carbohydrates,Catalysts,Salts,Solvents Get e-Alerts