gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DESIGN OF MICROWAVE FILTERS, IMPEDANCE-MATCHING NETWORKS, AND COUPLING STRUCTURES. VOLUME 2 (1963)

Abstract : Design techniques are presented for a wide variety of low-pass, band- pass, high-pass and band stop microwave filters; for multiplexers; and for certain kinds of directional couplers. Most of the design procedures described make use of either a lumped-element low-pass prototype filter or a step- transformer prototype as a basis for design. Prototype filter designs are tabulated, and data is given relevant to the use of prototype filters as a basis for the design of impedance-matching networks and time-delay net works. Design formulas and tables for step transformer prototypes are also given. The design of microwave filter structures to serve as impedance-matching networks is discussed. The design of microwave filters to achieve various time-delay (or slow-wave) properties is also discussed. Various equations, graphs, and tables are collected together relevant design of coaxial lines, strip-lines, waveguides, parallel coupled lines between common ground planes, arrays of lines between ground planes, coupling and junction discontinuities, and resonators. Techniques for measuring the Q's of resonators and the coupling coefficients between resonators are also discussed, along with procedures for tuning filters.
배양된 가토 수정체 상피세포에 대한 자외선 B의 영향 (1997)

저자들은 배양된 가토의 수정체 상피세포에 B파장 자외선 (UVB)을 조사할때 생성되는 여러가지 산소 유리기가 수정체 상피세포에 손상을 입혀 수정체 혼탁이 유발되리라는 가설하에 본 연구를 수행하였다.가토의 수정체 상피세포를 배양하여 UVB를 조사한 후 세포의 생존률 및 위상차현미경을 통한 세포의 형태학적인 변화를 알아보고,superoxide 와 H2O2발생여부와 방출량을 측정하였으며,세포내에서 항산화제(superoxide dismutase and catalase)활성도의 변화를 측정하였다. 또한 외부에서 투여한 여러가지 산소유리기 제거물질(SOD, catalase, purpurogallin and allopurinol)이 UVB 조사에 의한 독성작용을 얼마나 막을 수 있는지 알아보기 위해 수정체 상피세포 생존율의 변화를 알아보았다. UVB 조사후 수정체 상피세포 생존율은 자외선양에 따라 현저히 감소하여 400mJ/cm2에서는 50%, 2.000mJ/cm2에서는 10%만이 생종하였으며, 2,800mJ/cm2이상에선 거의모든 세포가 생존해 있지 않았다.형태학적인 변화는 UVB를 조사한지 30분부터 세포와 세포사이의 경
계가 명확해지고 핵농축이 관찰되었으며 자외선양이 증가할수록 심해졌다. UVB 조사후 superoxide radical의 방출량은 대조군에 비해 자외선양의 증가에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였으며(p<0.05). 여러가지 산소 유리기 제거물질(SOD, catalase, purpurogallin and allopurinol)의 UVB에 대한 상피세포의 보호효과는 대조군에 비하여 SOD,catalase,purpurogallin및 allopurinol 모두에게 통계적으로 유의한 생존율의 증가를 보였다.(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼때 UVB 조사는 수정체 상피세포에서 이들 세포에 손상을 줄 수 있는 여
러가지 산소 유리기의 발생 및 여러 항산화제의 불균형을 초래하여, 이는 인간이나 동물에 있어 자외선에 의한 백내장의 발생기전을 이해하는데 중요하리라 생각된다(한안지 38:46~56, 1997).
Characterization of Siglec-5, a Novel Glycoprotein Expressed on Myeloid Cells Related to CD33 (1998)

We describe the characterization of siglec-5 (sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin-5), a novel transmembrane member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly related to the myeloid antigen, CD33. A full-length cDNA encoding siglec-5 was isolated from a human activated monocyte cDNA library. Sequencing predicted that siglec-5 contains four extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, the N-terminal two of which are 57% identical to the corresponding region of CD33. The cytoplasmic tail is also related to that of CD33, containing two tyrosine residues embodied in immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-like motifs. The siglec-5 gene was shown to map to chromosome 19q13.41-43, closely linked to the CD33 gene. When siglec-5 was expressed on COS cells or as a recombinant protein fused to the Fc region of human IgG1, it was able to mediate sialic acid-dependent binding to human erythrocytes and soluble glycoconjugates, suggesting that it may be involved in cell-cell interactions. By using specific antibodies, siglec-5 was found to have an expression pattern distinct from that of CD33, being present at relatively high levels on neutrophils but absent from leukemic cell lines representing early stages of myelomonocytic differentiation. Western blot analysis of neutrophil lysates indicated that siglec-5 exists as a disulfide-linked dimer of approximately 140 kD.
Detection of bio-organism simulants using random binding on a defect-free photonic crystal (2010)

The defect-free photonic crystal (PC) slab geometry was explored for size-selective detection of bio-organism simulants. Through feedback between finite-difference time-domain simulations and experiments, we generated a conservative limit of detection estimate for randomized pore filling of a two-dimensional PC slab, and predict that random binding affords the label-free PC-based optical detection of low numbers (of the order of 10) of biological particles.
Properties of Tablets Containing Granulations of Ibuprofen and an Acrylic Copolymer Prepared by Thermal Processes (2001)

The objective of this study was to investigate the properties of tablets containing granulations of ibuprofen (Ibu) and Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer, Type B (Eudragit RS PO) prepared by hot-melt processing. Tablets were compressed from granules prepared by hot-melt granulation (HMG) or direct compression (DC). For the hot-melt extrusion (HME) process, tablets were prepared by cutting the extrudate, manually. The physicochemical properties of tablets were investigated using thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, tablet hardness, and drug dissolution. The effect of thermal treatment of tablets on the dissolution characteristics of Ibu was also investigated. The results demonstrated that the Ibu lowered the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the Eudragit RS PO and the softened polymer functioned as a thermal binder in the granulation. Ibu was demonstrated to be an effective plasticizer for Eudragit RS PO in the thermal processes. The efficiency of the granulation process increased with increasing levels of Eudragit RS PO in the powder blend. Higher levels of Eudragit RS PO in the tablets prepared by HMG or HME resulted in a decrease in the dissolution rate of the Ibu. An increase in the amount of Ibu in the tablets prepared by HMG or DC led to a decrease in the initial dissolution rate of the Ibu. Following the thermal treatment of the Ibu tablets prepared by HMG, the dissolution rate was significantly decreased due to structural changes in the tablets that resulted from the fusion and coalescence of plasticized polymer particles, causing a reduction in tablet porosity. The Ibu tablets prepared by HME demonstrated minimal changes in their release properties following thermal treatment even at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. HME was shown to be a novel method to prepare matrix tablets and stable dissolution properties were obtained when tablets were stored at 40 degrees C for 30 days.
RecA Protein from an Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium, Thermus thermophilus HB81 (1993)

The recA gene of a thermophilic eubacterial strain, Thermus thermophilus (T.th.) HB8, was cloned from a genomic DNA library by Southern hybridization using a gene-internal fragment amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method as the probe. The gene encoded a 36 kDa polypeptide whose amino acid sequence showed 61% identity with that of the Escherichia coli RecA protein. Characteristic amino acid changes between the two RecA proteins were found. In the amino acid composition of the T.th. RecA protein, the number of Pro residues was increased, the number of Cys residues was decreased, and Lys residues were replaced by Arg, Asp by Glu, Thr by Val, and Ile by Val or Leu. These changes are supposed to stabilize the native protein conformation against heat denaturation. The amino acid residues in the nucleotide binding site of the protein and in the protein-protein interaction site responsible for the oligomer formation were well conserved. The T.th. recA gene has the ability to complement the ultraviolet light (UV) sensitivity of a E. coli recA deletion mutant. Thus, the thermophilic bacterium has a RecA protein whose function will be common to the E. coli RecA protein.
Probing the α‐Helical Structural Stability of Stapled p53 Peptides: Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Analysis (2010)

Reactivation of the p53 cell apoptosis pathway through inhibition of the p53-hDM2 interaction is a viable approach to suppress tumor growth in many human cancers and stabilization of the helical structure of synthetic p53 analogs via a hydrocarbon cross-link (staple) has been found to lead to increased potency and inhibition of protein-protein binding (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129: 5298). However, details of the structure and dynamic stability of the stapled peptides are not well understood. Here, we use extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to study a series of stapled alpha-helical peptides over a range of temperatures in solution. The peptides are found to exhibit substantial variations in predicted alpha-helical propensities that are in good agreement with the experimental observations. In addition, we find significant variation in local structural flexibility of the peptides with the position of the linker, which appears to be more closely related to the observed differences in activity than the absolute alpha-helical stability. These simulations provide new insights into the design of alpha-helical stapled peptides and the development of potent inhibitors of alpha-helical protein-protein interfaces.
Biodegradable stents as a platform to drug loading (2003)

Despite technical and mechanical improvement in coronary stents the incidence of restenosis caused by in-stent neointimal hyperplasia remains high. Oral administration of numerous pharmacological agents has failed to reduce restenosis after coronary stenting in humans, possibly owing to insufficient local drug concentration. Therefore, drug-eluting stents were developed as a vehicle for local drug administration. The authors developed a new drug-eluting polymer stent that is made of poly-l-lactic acid polymer mixed with tranilast, an anti-allergic drug that inhibits the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor->1. Polymer stents might be superior to polymer-coated metallic stents as local drug delivery stents in terms of biodegradation and the amount of loaded drug. Drug-mixed polymer stents can be loaded with a larger amount of drug than can drug-coated metallic stents because the polymer stent struts can contain the drug. Clinical application is required to assess the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting polymer stents against stent restenosis.
Ferric carboxymaltose with or without erythropoietin for the prevention of red-cell transfusions in the perioperative period of osteoporotic hip fractures: a randomized contolled trial. The PAHFRAC-01 project (2012)

We think that this trial will contribute to the knowledge about the safety and efficacy of ferric carboxymaltose with/without erythropoietin in preventing red-cell pack transfusions in patients with hip fracture. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT01154491.
Positron Emission Tomography: Applications In Drug Discovery and Drug Development (2005)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a sophisticated nuclear imaging modality that affords researchers the ability to conduct both functional and molecular imaging on biological and biochemical processes in vivo. In functional imaging, biological parameters such as metabolic rate and perfusion that can be altered by disease or treatment are monitored. In molecular imaging, PET can be used to examine and quantify cellular events such as cell trafficking, receptor binding and gene expression. Therefore, PET is an important tool to elucidate mechanisms associated with diseases and drug actions. In addition to PET, microPET is designed to image small animals. A great tool to facilitate preclinical studies and basic research, it can eliminate the need of sacrificing the animal by enabling noninvasive, longitudinal, and serial studies. The results from preclinical studies using microPET can be directly correlated with clinical studies using PET, thus bridging the chasm that used to separate the 2 pivotal phases in drug development. This review first describes the basic principles of PET and compares it to other imaging modalities. Then, PET procedures and PET isotopes and tracers synthesis are outlined. Next, functional and molecular PET imaging applications in the fields of oncology, neurology, and cardiology in both humans and animals are presented. Spanning a wide range, these applications demonstrate the versatility of PET and how it can be used to accelerate drug discovery and development. Finally, the advantages and limitations of PET and how it can be used in the future to minimize risks of drug development are discussed.
Blast2GO: a universal tool for annotation, visualization and analysis in functional genomics research (2005)

http://www.blast2go.de -> Evaluation.
放射線誘発マウス肝癌におけるInsulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein-1(IGFBP-rP1)の発現低下 (2002)

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein-1 (IGFBP-rP1) is a member of the IGFBP family, which was called IGFBP-7 or mac25 previously. Decreased expression of IGFBP-rP1 has been shown in breast cancer and prostatic cancer, and tumor suppressive effects of IGFBP-rP1 have been reported in prostatic cancer and osteosarcoma cell lines. In the present study, we investigated whether expression levels of IGFBP-rP1 were related to the development and the growth of radiation-induced hepatomas of B6C3F1 mice. In northern blot analysis, decreased expressions of IGFBP-rP1 gene were shown in radiation-induced mouse hepatomas compared to normal livers. In hepatoma cell lines established from these hepatomas, decreased expressions of IGFBP-rP1 were strongly related to the grade of anchorage-independent growth. In cell lines which were transfected with IGFBP-rP1cDNA, the doubling time of cell growth was increased, and the number and the size of colony formation in soft agar culture were decreased. In tumor formation assay by injecting these cells to B6C3F1 mice subcutaneously, the volume of tumors were decreased. Furthermore, the decreased expression of IGFBP-rP1 gene was observed in human hepatomas by northern blot analysis. These results may suggest that the suppression of IGFBP-rP1 is related to development and progression of mouse and human hepatomas.
Neither inverted repeat T‐DNA configurations nor arrangements of tandemly repeated transgenes are sufficient to trigger transgene silencing (2003)

Transgene expression was analysed in Arabidopsis T-DNA transformants carrying defined numbers and arrangement of different reporter genes. All transgenes were placed under the control of the strong constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. High, stable transgene expression was observed in plants containing two copies of the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, two or four copies of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene and two, four or six copies of the streptomycin phosphotransferase (SPT) gene. Thus, the mere presence of multiple promoter and/or transgene sequences did not result in gene silencing. In none of the cases analysed were tandem repeat arrangements of transgenes and/or inverted repeat (IR) T-DNA structures sufficient to trigger silencing of the different reporter genes. Instead, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) correlated with the copy number of the highly expressed transgenes. Twelve copies of the SPT and four copies of the GUS gene triggered silencing. Silencing is frequently associated with repetitive T-DNA structures. We favour the idea that in many cases this may be attributed to the high transgene doses rather than the repeat arrangements themselves.
A Systematic Comparison of Various Statistical Alignment Models (2003)

We present and compare various methods for computing word alignments using statistical or heuristic models. We consider the five alignment models presented in Brown, Della Pietra, Della Pietra, and Mercer (1993), the hidden Markov alignment model, smoothing techniques, and refinements. These statistical models are compared with two heuristic models based on the Dice coefficient. We present different methods for combining word alignments to perform a symmetrization of directed statistical alignment models. As evaluation criterion, we use the quality of the resulting Viterbi alignment compared to a manually produced reference alignment. We evaluate the models on the German-English Verbmobil task and the French-English Hansards task. We perform a detailed analysis of various design decisions of our statistical alignment system and evaluate these on training corpora of various sizes. An important result is that refined alignment models with a first-order dependence and a fertility model yield significantly better results than simple heuristic models. In the Appendix, we present an efficient training algorithm for the alignment models presented.
A Mathematical Model of Heart Rate Control by Sympathetic and Vagus Efferent Information (1964)

The effect on heart rate of stimulation of sympathetic and vagus efferent nerves to the heart has been described in a qualitative fashion by many investiga tors. However, except for the work of Rosenblueth and Simeone 1 in 1934, no attempt has been made to analyze in a quantitative way the dynamic relation ship between heart rate and frequency of stimulation of these nerves. The present study was undertaken with the hope that such an analysis might yield useful information regarding a) the nature of the physical and chemical events involved in this transformation and b) the dynamic and steady-state parameters of this link of the heart rate control system.
The synthesis of celluloses containing covalently bound nucleotides, polynucleotides, and nucleic acids (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe synthesis of celluloses containing covalently bound nucleotides, polynucleotides, and nucleic acidsP. T. GilhamCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 8, 2809–2813Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00848a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00848a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gene-based analysis of rare and common variants to determine association with blood pressure (2014)

Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and understanding their genetic basis will have important public health implications. For rare variants, it is extremely challenging to make statistical inference for single-maker tests. Therefore, joint analysis of a set of variants has been proposed. In this paper, we applied recently proposed methods "test for testing the effect of an optimally weighted combination of variants" and "variable weight-TOW" to determine genetic regions that are associated with blood pressure. Then least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, as well as sparse partial least square methods, were used to identify significant markers within a gene or in intergenic regions. We investigated the effect of rare variants and common variants, and their combined effect.
Recent Progress on Silica Coating of Nanoparticles and Related Nanomaterials (2010)

In recent years, new strategies for silica coating of inorganic nanoparticles and organic nanomaterials, which differ from the classical methodologies, have emerged at the forefront of materials science. Silica as a coating material promises an unparalleled opportunity for enhancement of colloidal properties and functions by using core-shell rational designs and profiting from its synthetic versatility. This contribution provides a brief overview of recent progress in the synthesis of silica-coated nanomaterials and their significant impact in different areas such as spectroscopy, magnetism, catalysis, and biology.
Improved Adenovirus Vectors for Infection of Cardiovascular Tissues (2001)

To identify improved adenovirus vectors for cardiovascular gene therapy, a library of adenovirus vectors based on adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) but carrying fiber molecules of other human serotypes, was generated. This library was tested for efficiency of infection of human primary vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Based on luciferase, LacZ, or green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene expression, several fiber chimeric vectors were identified that displayed improved infection of these cell types. One of the viruses that performed particularly well is an Ad5 carrying the fiber of Ad16 (Ad5.Fib16), a subgroup B virus. This virus showed, on average, 8- and 64-fold-increased luciferase activities on umbilical vein ECs and SMCs, respectively, compared to the parent vector. GFP and lacZ markers showed that approximately 3-fold (ECs) and 10-fold (SMCs) more cells were transduced. Experiments performed with both cultured SMCs and organ cultures derived from different vascular origins (saphenous vein, iliac artery, left interior mammary artery, and aorta) and from different species demonstrated that Ad5.Fib16 consistently displays improved infection in primates (humans and rhesus monkeys). SMCs of the same vessels of rodents and pigs were less infectable with Ad5.Fib16 than with Ad5. This suggests that either the receptor for human Ad16 is not conserved between different species or that differences in the expression levels of the putative receptor exist. In conclusion, our results show that an Ad5-based virus carrying the fiber of Ad16 is a potent vector for the transduction of primate cardiovascular cells and tissues.
Bacterial Polymers: Physicochemical Aspects of Their Interactions at Interfaces (1990)

How do bacteria stick to a surface? There is still not enough information about to answer this question especially at the molecular level. This question only gives rise to more questions. What is the structure of the true adhesive bacterial polymer? Is only one bacterial polymer or several polymers involved in the adhesion process? What is the role of proteins associated with the bacterial polysaccharides? What type of polymer is produced for the adhesion to hydrophobic surfaces? Is the polymer produced as a response to the surface? This review is an attempt to summarize the physicochemical aspects of bacterial polymers and their interaction with surfaces. It was tried to give an overview of the literature published in this field. The article is divided into the following sections: first, the forces involved in bacterial adhesion are discussed. Third, different fluid conditions are investigated. Fourth, the nature of different bacterial polymers which are important for the interaction with a surface is elaborated. Fifth, the current knowledge about biological polymers at interfaces is shown. And sixth, the role of polymers in the adhesion of bacteria available to date is highlighted.