gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human lymphocyte subpopulations. Effect of corticosteroids. (1974)

Normal subjects given 60 mg of prednisone orally at 8:00 a.m. developed a transient lymphopenia at 2:00 p.m. To define the populations of lymphocytes affected the number and type of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were assayed. "Late" and "early" spontaneous sheep red blood cell rosettes were used as markers for thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes and one of its subpopulations, respectively. Receptors for aggregated gammaglobulin and complement identified bursal-equivalent or bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes and one of its subpopulations, respectively. 6 h after administration of 60 mg of prednisone, the blood samples showed a decrease in proportion of T cells from 69.2 +/- 2.1% to 55.9 +/- 2.8% (average +/- SE) and an increase in B-cell proportion from 21.3 +/- 2.0% to 44.8 +/- 4.1%. The changes of "early" rosettes and complement receptor lymphocytes also paralleled these. In all cases the absolute numbers of T cells and of B cells were decreased by prednisone. The density gradient distribution of the lymphocytes did not change after prednisone. These data indicate that both T and B lymphocytes are affected by the prednisone but that the T cell lymphopenia was more pronounced. The lymphopenia might reflect either sequestration in the marrow and/or transient arrest of recirculation.
Coordinated Changes in DNA Methylation in Antigen-Specific Memory CD4 T Cells (2013)

Memory CD4(+) T cells are central regulators of both humoral and cellular immune responses. T cell differentiation results in specific changes in chromatin structure and DNA methylation of cytokine genes. Although the methylation status of a limited number of gene loci in T cells has been examined, the genome-wide DNA methylation status of memory CD4(+) T cells remains unexplored. To further elucidate the molecular signature of memory T cells, we conducted methylome and transcriptome analyses of memory CD4(+) T cells generated using T cells from TCR-transgenic mice. The resulting genome-wide DNA methylation profile revealed 1144 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) across the murine genome during the process of T cell differentiation, 552 of which were associated with gene loci. Interestingly, the majority of these DMRs were located in introns. These DMRs included genes such as CXCR6, Tbox21, Chsy1, and Cish, which are associated with cytokine production, homing to bone marrow, and immune responses. Methylation changes in memory T cells exposed to specific Ag appeared to regulate enhancer activity rather than promoter activity of immunologically relevant genes. In addition, methylation profiles differed between memory T cell subsets, demonstrating a link between T cell methylation status and T cell differentiation. By comparing DMRs between naive and Ag-specific memory T cells, this study provides new insights into the functional status of memory T cells.
Competitive analysis of incentive compatible on-line auctions (2000)

Article Free Access Share on Competitive analysis of incentive compatible on-line auctions Authors: Ron Lavi Institute of Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Institute of Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, IsraelView Profile , Noam Nisan Institute of Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Institute of Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, IsraelView Profile Authors Info & Claims EC '00: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM conference on Electronic commerceOctober 2000 Pages 233–241https://doi.org/10.1145/352871.352897Online:17 October 2000Publication History 85citation663DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations85Total Downloads663Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Development of aerial-input and aerial-tactile-feedback system (2011)

A system is proposed which enables users not only to operate computers by moving their hands in mid-air but also to feel touch feedback on their hands. The system consists of a PC, a markerless hand-tracker for input, and a non-contact tactile display for feedback. The tactile display utilizes ultrasound to produce tactile stimulation from a distance. It is based on a nonlinear phenomenon of ultrasound (acoustic radiation pressure) and the phased array focusing technique. The principles are described and the prototype system is introduced.
A Critical Role for IL-21 in Regulating Immunoglobulin Production (2002)

The cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) is closely related to IL-2 and IL-15, and their receptors all share the common cytokine receptor gamma chain, gammac, which is mutated in humans with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease (XSCID). We demonstrate that, although mice deficient in the receptor for IL-21 (IL-21R) have normal lymphoid development, after immunization, these animals have higher production of the immunoglobulin IgE, but lower IgG1, than wild-type animals. Mice lacking both IL-4 and IL-21R exhibited a significantly more pronounced phenotype, with dysgammaglobulinemia, characterized primarily by a severely impaired IgG response. Thus, IL-21 has a significant influence on the regulation of B cell function in vivo and cooperates with IL-4. This suggests that these gammac-dependent cytokines may be those whose inactivation is primarily responsible for the B cell defect in humans with XSCID.
Modulation of aging processes by dietary restriction (1994)

The purpose of this book is to present to the reader the most salient and comprehensive information available on the action of dietary restriction on the retardation of aging by addressing its role in various physiological systems and pathologies. Reviews current intrinsic and extrinsic theories and discredited theories of aging, and evaluates the proposed major molecular mechanisms of dietary restriction; examines neuroendocrine involvement in the retardation of aging by dietary restriction; examines the decline of protein turnover with age and the modulation of this function by dietary restriction; addresses alteration of the immune system associated with the progressive decline of immune responsiveness to exogenous antigens during senescence; etc
Structural and functional analysis of cloned DNA containing genes responsible for branched-chain amino acid transport in Escherichia coli. (1980)

The four genes encoding the components of the high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport systems in Escherichia coli (livH, livG, livJ, and livK) have been cloned into lambda phage and subsequently into the plasmid vector pACYC184. The presence of the four structural genes and their accompanying regulatory regions on the resultant plasmid, pOXI, was confirmed by genetic complementation and analysis and by transport studies carried out on the appropriate transformed mutant strains. When pOX1 DNA was used to direct an in vitro transcription/translation system, four major polypeptide products were produced. Immunoprecipitation with antibody directed against the LIV-binding protein identified the two leucine-binding proteins as products of in vitro synthesis. The binding proteins were produced in precursor forms and had molecular weights approximately 2500 higher than the processed, mature forms. A minicell-producing strain transformed with plasmid pOX1 produced the binding proteins in the processed form.
Effects and virulences of recombinant vaccinia viruses derived from attenuated strains that express the human T-cell leukemia virus type I envelope gene (1988)

We constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses (RVVs) that expressed human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) envelope glycoproteins by using attenuated vaccinia viruses (VVs) which have much lower neurovirulence than the WR strain that is extensively used as a vector. The RVV produced from the LC16mO strain, one of the attenuated VVs, elicited a high titer of anti-HTLV-I antibody in rabbits and protected them against HTLV-I infection. The env gene was inserted into the VV hemagglutinin gene. The resultant inactivation of the hemagglutinin gene led to the attenuation of VVs, but the extent of their attenuation depended on the VV strain. The propagation of LC16mO and its RVV in rabbit brain was poorer than that of LO-1, a cloned derivative of Lister strain, and its RVV, although LC16mO replicated in other organs better than did LO-1. Taken together, these results suggest that LC16mO is a good candidate as a vector for vaccination of humans.
Surface-enhanced infrared absorption of p-nitrobenzoic acid deposited on silver island films: contributions of electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced infrared absorption of p-nitrobenzoic acid deposited on silver island films: contributions of electromagnetic and chemical mechanismsMasatoshi Osawa and Masahiko IkedaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 24, 9914–9919Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100177a056https://doi.org/10.1021/j100177a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1892Altmetric-Citations293LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Alternative Yeast Two-Hybrid Systems: The Interaction Trap and Interaction Mating (2003)

Since the original demonstration that for proteins P1 and P2 known to interact, it was possible to detect interactions between a DNA-binding domain (DBD) fused P1 and activation-domain (AD) fused P2 by assaying transcriptional activation of one or more reporter genes containing cognate DNA binding site for the DBD (), a number of groups have developed variants of this approach for purposes such as mapping interaction domains on proteins, screening cDNA libraries for novel interacting proteins, and screening novel proteins against predetermined sets of known proteins to identify which pairs interact. We here describe strategies for these purposes utilizing the interaction trap (), a two-hybrid system variant developed in the laboratory of Roger Brent (Fig. 1). Open image in new window Fig. 1. The interaction trap. In the basic application, an EGY48 or EGY191 yeast cell contains two LexA-operator responsive reporters, the first a chromosomally integrated copy of the LEU2 gene (required for growth on media lacking leucine), and the second a plasmid bearing a GAL1 promoter-LacZ fusion gene (causing yeast to turn blue on media containing X-gal). These yeast additionally contain a plasmid constitutively expressing the DNA-binding domain of LexA-fused to the “bait” protein P1: and a plasmid which is induced by galactose to express an activation domain-fused cDNA library or specific protein P2. On glucose medium (A), the DBD-fused protein is unable to activate expression of either of the two reporters, so yeast are unable to grow on medium lacking leucine, and are white on medium containing X-gal. On galactose medium (B), the AD-fusion protein is induced: a positive interaction is shown in which the DBD and AD-fused proteins interact strongly, resulting in activation of the two reporters, thus causing growth on media lacking leucine, and blue color on media containing X-gal.
Chains and fragments of tetanus toxin, and their contribution to toxicity. (1990)

1. Single-chain toxin is enzymatically converted into two-chain isotoxins which differ from the precursor by their higher pharmacological activity, acidity and hydrophilicity. The interchain disulfide bridge and the disulfide loop within fragment C have been located at the amino acid level. 2. Independent of the enzymes used, the nicking sites are positioned within a region spanning no more than 17 amino acids. The N- and C-termini of the primary gene product are preserved in the two-chain toxin. The chains have been separated by isoelectric focussing and can be reconstituted to functionally intact toxin. 3. Light chain inhibits neurotransmitter release on different systems. First, permeabilized bovine adrenal chromaffin cells and rat pheochromocytoma (PC 12) cells release catecholamines when exposed to micromolar [Ca2+]. Inhibition is achieved with light chain or reduced two-chain toxin, but not with single-chain toxin or heavy chain. Washing away the light chain does not restitute the Ca2(+)-evoked release. The light chains of tetanus and botulinum A toxin act in a apparently similar, however not identical manner. Second, light but not heavy chain inhibits the release of acetylcholine when injected into Aplysia neurones. 4. The pharmacology of heavy chain is quite different. Ganglioside binding is mediated by its fragment C moiety, and modulated by the adjoining beta 2 piece and by light chain. Heavy chain and to a lesser degree its N-terminal beta 2-fragment promote the loss of calcein from liposomes indicating pore formation. Its C-terminal fragment C is inactive in this respect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<title>Automatic detection of lung nodules from multislice low-dose CT images</title> (2001)

We describe in this paper a novel, efficient method to automatically detect lung nodules from low-dose, high- resolution CT (HRCT) images taken with a multi-slice scanner. First, the program identifies initial anatomical seeds, including lung nodule candidates, airways, vessels, and other features that appear as bright opacities in CT images. Next, a 3D region growing method is applied to each seed. The thresholds for segmentation are adaptively adjusted based upon automatic analysis of the local histogram. Once an object has been examined, vessels and other non-nodule objects are quickly excluded from future study, thus saving computation time. Finally, extracted 3D objects are classified a nodule candidates or non-nodule structures. Anatomical knowledge and multiple measurements, such as volume and sphericity, are used to categorize each object. The detected nodules are presented to the user for examination and verification. The proposed method was applied to 14 low dose HRCT patient studies. Since the CT images were taken with a multi-slice scanner, the average number of slices per study was 292. In every case the x-ray exposure was about 20 mAs, a suitable dosage for screening. In our preliminary results, the method detected an average of 8 nodules per study, with an average size of 3.3 mm in diameter.
Selective expansion of mitochondrial nucleoside triphosphate pools in antimetabolite-treated HeLa cells. (1982)

This study asks whether nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication are supplied by distinct and separately regulated precursor pools. Using improved methodology for extraction and quantitation of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools from HeLa cells, we have confirmed and extended earlier findings of Bogenhagen and Clayton ((1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 2938-2944). The four mitochondrial dNTP pools actually expanded following treatment with antimetabolites, even while total cellular pools of dTTP and dGTP are being severely depleted. Ribonucleoside triphosphates also accumulate in mitochondria after antimetabolite treatment. This confirms the idea of distinct regulatory mechanisms affecting precursor supplies for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial dNTP pools are larger, in relation to the cellular complement of mitochondrial DNA than are the whole cell pools in relation to the chromosomal DNA complement. Also, of the four dNTPs, the most sensitive to antimetabolite depletion is dGTP. This indicates that dGTP depletion may be more significant than previously realized as an element of the cytotoxic effects of methotrexate and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine.
Low Serum Procalcitonin Level Accurately Predicts the Absence of Bacteremia in Adult Patients with Acute Fever (2002)

The ability of measurement of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels to differentiate bacteremic from nonbacteremic infectious episodes in patients hospitalized for community-acquired infections was assessed. Serum samples were obtained from adult inpatients with fever to determine the serum PCT level, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Of 165 patients, 22 (13%) had bacteremic episodes and 143 (87%) had nonbacteremic episodes. PCT levels, CRP levels, and ESRs were significantly higher in bacteremic patients than in nonbacteremic patients (P<.001,.007, and.024, respectively). The best cutoff value for PCT was 0.4 ng/mL, which was associated with a negative predictive value of 98.8%. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.83 for PCT, which was significantly higher than that for CRP (0.68; P<.0001) and ESR (0.65; P<.05). A serum PCT level of <0.4 ng/mL accurately rules out the diagnosis of bacteremia. The use of PCT assessment could help physicians limit the number of blood cultures to be processed and the number of antibiotic prescriptions.
Expression of beta 1-6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides is associated with activation in human T4 and T8 cell populations. (1994)

Activation of human T lymphocytes by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and leukoagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (L-PHA) results in important changes in N-glycosylation. The most important event is the increase, in both T4 and T8 cells (especially the latter), of L-PHA+ structures characterized by beta 1-6-branching of complex-type oligosaccharides. Moreover, the existence of a CD4-mediated increase of these beta 1-6-branched structures on positively selected T4 cells, as compared with the negatively selected ones, suggests that the presence of these structures, not detectable on T8 resting cells, could be related to stimulation events triggered by both selection methods. This beta 1-6-branching on N-glycans, strongly associated with a metastatic phenotype in human and rodent tumors, is exhibited by numerous glycoproteins on stimulated cells, as shown by blot analysis.
Expanding LAGLIDADG endonuclease scaffold diversity by rapidly surveying evolutionary sequence space (2012)

LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases (LHEs) are a family of highly specific DNA endonucleases capable of recognizing target sequences ≈ 20 bp in length, thus drawing intense interest for their potential academic, biotechnological and clinical applications. Methods for rational design of LHEs to cleave desired target sites are presently limited by a small number of high-quality native LHEs to serve as scaffolds for protein engineering-many are unsatisfactory for gene targeting applications. One strategy to address such limitations is to identify close homologs of existing LHEs possessing superior biophysical or catalytic properties. To test this concept, we searched public sequence databases to identify putative LHE open reading frames homologous to the LHE I-AniI and used a DNA binding and cleavage assay using yeast surface display to rapidly survey a subset of the predicted proteins. These proteins exhibited a range of capacities for surface expression and also displayed locally altered binding and cleavage specificities with a range of in vivo cleavage activities. Of these enzymes, I-HjeMI demonstrated the greatest activity in vivo and was readily crystallizable, allowing a comparative structural analysis. Taken together, our results suggest that even highly homologous LHEs offer a readily accessible resource of related scaffolds that display diverse biochemical properties for biotechnological applications.
LRP1, a gene expressed in lateral and adventitious root primordia of arabidopsis. (1995)

We describe a gene that is expressed in lateral and adventitious root primordia of Arabidopsis. The gene was identified by expression of a transposon-borne promoterless beta-glucuronidase gene in lateral root primordia. The gene, designated LRP1 for lateral root primordium 1, and its corresponding cDNA were cloned and sequenced. The expression pattern of the gene in lateral root primordia was confirmed by in situ hybridization with LRP1 cDNA probes. The LRP1 gene encodes a novel protein. LRP1 expression is activated during the early stages of root primordium development and is turned off prior to the emergence of lateral roots from the parent root. Insertion of the transposon in the LRP1 gene disrupted its expression. To evaluate the homozygous insertion line for a mutant phenotype, several aspects of wild-type lateral root development were analyzed. A mutant phenotype has not yet been identified in the insertion line; however, there is evidence that the gene belongs to a small gene family. LRP1 provides a molecular marker to study the early stages of lateral and adventitious root primordium development.
Selected CD133 + Progenitor Cells to Promote Angiogenesis in Patients With Refractory Angina (2014)

Our findings support feasibility and safety of transendocardial injection of CD133(+) cells in patients with refractory angina. The promising clinical results and favorable data observed in SPECT summed score may set up the basis to test the efficacy of cell therapy in a larger randomized trial.
Inhibition of Endothelial Wound Repair by Dominant Negative Connexin Inhibitors (2001)

Wounding of endothelial cells is associated with altered direct intercellular communication. To determine whether gap junctional communication participates to the wound repair process, we have compared connexin (Cx) expression, cell-to-cell coupling and kinetics of wound repair in monolayer cultures of PymT-transformed mouse endothelial cells (clone bEnd.3) and in bEnd.3 cells expressing different dominant negative Cx inhibitors. In parental bEnd.3 cells, mechanical wounding increased expression of Cx43 and decreased expression of Cx37 at the site of injury, whereas Cx40 expression was unaffected. These wound-induced changes in Cx expression were associated with functional changes in cell-to-cell coupling, as assessed with different fluorescent tracers. Stable transfection with cDNAs encoding for the chimeric connexin 3243H7 or the fusion protein Cx43-betaGal resulted in perturbed gap junctional communication between bEnd.3 cells under both basal and wounded conditions. The time required for complete repair of a defined wound within a confluent monolayer was increased by ~50% in cells expressing the dominant negative Cx inhibitors, whereas other cell properties, such as proliferation rate, migration of single cells, cyst formation and extracellular proteolytic activity, were unaltered. These findings demonstrate that proper Cx expression is required for coordinated migration during repair of an endothelial wound.