gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SCF-FBXO31 E3 Ligase Targets DNA Replication Factor Cdt1 for Proteolysis in the G2 Phase of Cell Cycle to Prevent Re-replication (2014)

FBXO31 was originally identified as a putative tumor suppressor gene in breast, ovarian, hepatocellular, and prostate cancers. By screening a set of cell cycle-regulated proteins as potential FBXO31 interaction partners, we have now identified Cdt1 as a novel substrate. Cdt1 DNA replication licensing factor is part of the pre-replication complex and essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity. We show that FBXO31 specifically interacts with Cdt1 and regulates its abundance by ubiquitylation leading to subsequent degradation. We also show that Cdt1 regulation by FBXO31 is limited to the G2 phase of the cell cycle and is independent of the pathways previously described for Cdt1 proteolysis in S and G2 phase. FBXO31 targeting of Cdt1 is mediated through the N terminus of Cdt1, a region previously shown to be responsible for its cell cycle regulation. Finally, we show that Cdt1 stabilization due to FBXO31 depletion results in re-replication. Our data present an additional pathway that contributes to the FBXO31 function as a tumor suppressor.
[Substantiation and use of a new method of transorganic oxygen preservation of the kidneys]. (1989)

A new method has been developed for effective normobaric transorganic oxygen preservation of the kidneys. According to this method, oxygen is insufflated simultaneously through an artery, a vein and a ureter. A portable autonomously-operated device has been developed and used successfully for its clinical application. In experimental conditions, transorganic oxygen preservation ensures viability of the preserved kidney for up to 48 hours, with immediate post-transplantation recovery of renal function, and for 72 hours, with delayed functional recovery. The success of transorganic oxygen preservation was controlled by cellular metabolism assessment. Changes in adenylic acid components, lactic acid and lipid peroxidation products were measured in renal tissue. In clinical conditions, the outcome of transplantation could be predicted with high probability on the basis of intraoperative transplant hemodynamic studies. Two groups of patients were compared: 43 patients to whom a cadaver kidney, preserved by transorganic oxygenation for up to 52 hours, was transplanted, and recipients of contralateral kidneys, obtained from the same donors and preserved in Eurocollins solution for not more than 26 hours without perfusion. Preservation by transorganic oxygenation was shown to be preferable when clinical results were analysed.
The Database of Genomic Variants: a curated collection of structural variation in the human genome (2013)

Over the past decade, the Database of Genomic Variants (DGV; http://dgv.tcag.ca/) has provided a publicly accessible, comprehensive curated catalogue of structural variation (SV) found in the genomes of control individuals from worldwide populations. Here, we describe updates and new features, which have expanded the utility of DGV for both the basic research and clinical diagnostic communities. The current version of DGV consists of 55 published studies, comprising >2.5 million entries identified in >22 300 genomes. Studies included in DGV are selected from the accessioned data sets in the archival SV databases dbVar (NCBI) and DGVa (EBI), and then further curated for accuracy and validity. The core visualization tool (gbrowse) has been upgraded with additional functions to facilitate data analysis and comparison, and a new query tool has been developed to provide flexible and interactive access to the data. The content from DGV is regularly incorporated into other large-scale genome reference databases and represents a standard data resource for new product and database development, in particular for copy number variation testing in clinical labs. The accurate cataloguing of variants in DGV will continue to enable medical genetics and genome sequencing research.
Mucosal Transmission of Pathogenic CXCR4-Utilizing SHIVSF33AVariants in Rhesus Macaques (1998)

Infection of macaques with chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) expressing the envelope protein of HIV-1 provides a model system for studying HIV-1 infection in humans. To this end, four rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were given a single intravaginal (IVAG) inoculation of cell-free SHIVSF33A and longitudinal samples of peripheral blood and lymph nodes were analyzed for viremia, antigenemia, and various T-cell populations. Rhesus macaques infected IVAG with SHIVSF33A demonstrated a dramatic decrease in the CD4(+) PBMC subset in the initial weeks after viral exposure, a time that corresponded to peak in plasma viremia and antigenemia. Within 4 months of SHIVSF33A inoculation, partial to complete rebound of the CD4(+) PBMC was seen in these animals. Notably, the regeneration of the CD4(+) subset was associated with regeneration of the naive T-cell population and was concordant with clearance of plasma viremia. DNA heteroduplex tracking assays revealed transmission of minor variants within the SHIVSF33A inoculum to the IVAG-inoculated animals. The cell-free SHIVSF33A inoculum as well as virus isolated from animals early after transmission used the chemokine molecule CXCR4 as the primary cellular coreceptor, demonstrating that viruses expressing envelope glycoproteins of the syncytia inducing (SI) phenotype can be transported across the vaginal mucosa. Although none of the animals has yet to develop clinical symptoms of simian AIDS (SAIDS), infectious virus and viral nucleic acids could be persistently isolated from each animal. Furthermore, animals transfused with blood from IVAG-infected macaques drawn 2 weeks after inoculation suffered a more profound and sustained CD4(+) T-cell loss, persistent plasma viremia, and the development of SAIDS in one animal, indicating that IVAG-passaged SHIVSF33A was pathogenic. Taken together, these results establish that a pathogenic CXCR4-utilizing SHIVSF33A species crossed the cervicovaginal mucosa. Different courses of infection in the IVAG versus transfusion animals suggest that host-mediated responses elicited upon transmission across mucosal barriers may serve to limit viral replication and delay disease progression in the IVAG-infected animals.
CXCL9 Antagonism Further Extends Prolonged Cardiac Allograft Survival in CCL19/CCL21‐Deficient Mice (2005)

CCL19/MIP-3beta and CCL21/SLC are essential for chemotactic recruitment of mature dendritic cells (DC) to T-cell areas of secondary lymphoid tissue. Paucity of lymph node T-cells (plt/plt) mice lack CCL21-serine (ser) and CCL19 expression. We tested plt/plt and wild type (wt) BALB/c (H2d) mice as recipients of heart or skin allografts from C57BL/10J (H2b) donors. Donor DC trafficking to secondary lymphoid tissue was markedly reduced in plt heart but not skin allograft recipients. Heart, but not skin grafts survived significantly longer in plt recipients. Accordingly, T cells from plt heart transplant recipients demonstrated poor anti-donor responses in ex vivo MLR, compared to wt heart or wt and plt skin recipients. Moreover, donor-reactive T cells from plt heart recipients exhibited Th2-skewing in comparison to T cells from wt heart or skin graft recipients. Anti-CXCL9/Mig was administered for 2 weeks post-transplant to determine whether impairment of activated T-cell migration could further prolong cardiac allograft survival in plt recipients. CXCL9-antagonism extended graft survival significantly only in plt mice, likely due, in part, to retention of alloactivated T cells in secondary lymphoid tissue/reduction of graft-infiltrating T cells. Thus, targeting DC and activated T-cell migration concomitantly has additive effects in prolonging heart graft survival with potential for therapeutic application.
Laser desorption mass spectrometry with thermospray sample deposition for determination of nonvolatile biomolecules (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser desorption mass spectrometry with thermospray sample deposition for determination of nonvolatile biomoleculesE. D. Hardin, T. P. Fan, C. R. Blakley, and M. L. VestalCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 1, 2–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00265a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00265a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metal–organic frameworks as potential multi-carriers of drugs (2013)

The metal–organic framework CPO-27-Ni is presented as a proof-of-concept model for the incorporation and release of two non-conventional anticancer drugs: [Ru(p-cymene)Cl2(pta)] (RAPTA-C) and NO.
Recombinant human interleukin-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor show common biological effects and binding characteristics on human monocytes (1989)

Two human hemopoietic growth factors involved in monocytopoiesis, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were studied for their ability to stimulate blood monocytes and to bind to the monocyte membrane. Both cytokines maintained monocyte/macrophage numbers during long-term culture and increased cell size as compared with controls. Effects on cell numbers were present at low cytokine concentrations (6 to 20 pmol/L), whereas enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation was observed only at higher concentrations (greater than or equal to 60 pmol/L). Autoradiographic studies showed only 1% to 3% of stimulated monocytes with nuclear grains. These results suggest that the primary mechanism for IL-3 and GM-CSF-induced maintenance of monocyte/macrophage numbers in humans is through an effect on cell survival. Surface receptors for both IL-3 and GM-CSF were studied by using 125I-labeled recombinant human (rh) cytokines and performing Scatchard analyses. Both cytokines showed curvilinear Scatchard plots, and computer analyses favored a two-site binding model. High-affinity binding data for 125I rhIL-3 (Kd 7.7 to 38.2 pmol/L; receptor number/cell 95 to 580) and for 125I rhGM-CSF (Kd 4.7 to 38.9 pmol/L; receptor number/cell 8 to 67) show similar binding affinities for the two cytokines but a lower receptor number/cell for 125I rhGM-CSF. Low-affinity binding characteristics for 125I rhIL-3 (Kd 513 to 939 pmol/L; receptor number/cell 179 to 5,274) and for 125I rhGM-CSF (Kd 576 to 1,120 pmol/L; receptor number/cell 130 to 657) show a similar pattern for the two cytokines. Specificity of 125I rhIL-3 and 125I rhGM-CSF binding to monocytes was established by the ability of the homologous cytokine to inhibit binding and the inability of a range of other cytokines to compete at 100-fold excess molar concentration. It is important, however, that binding of 125I rhIL-3 was partially inhibited by rhGM-CSF and that rhIL-3 partially inhibited binding of 125I rhGM-CSF to the monocyte membrane under conditions shown to prevent receptor internalization. The degree of inhibition varied between 25% and 80% in different experiments, and quantitative inhibition experiments showed that 1,000-fold excess concentrations of competitor failed to inhibit binding of the heterologous ligand completely. These results demonstrate that human IL-3 and GM-CSF have similar effects on growth and survival of human monocytes in vitro and suggest that these and other common biological effects may be mediated either through a common receptor or through distinct receptors associated on the monocyte membrane.
FRET-based mapping of calmodulin bound to the RyR1 Ca 2+ release channel (2009)

Calmodulin (CaM) functions as a regulatory subunit of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels, modulating channel activity in response to changing [Ca(2+)](i). To investigate the structural basis of CaM regulation of the RyR1 isoform, we used site-directed labeling of channel regulatory subunits and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Donor fluorophore was targeted to the RyR1 cytoplasmic assembly by preincubating sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes with a fluorescent FK506-binding protein (FKBP), and FRET was determined following incubations in the presence of fluorescent CaMs in which acceptor fluorophore was attached within the N lobe, central linker, or C lobe. Results demonstrated strong FRET to acceptors attached within CaM's N lobe, whereas substantially weaker FRET was observed when acceptor was attached within CaM's central linker or C lobe. Surprisingly, Ca(2+) evoked little change in FRET to any of the 3 CaM domains. Donor-acceptor distances derived from our FRET measurements provide insights into CaM's location and orientation within the RyR1 3D architecture and the conformational switching that underlies CaM regulation of the channel. These results establish a powerful new approach to resolving the structure and function of RyR channels.
SCALING LAW VARIATION OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SILICA AEROGELS (1989)

The mechanical behaviour of silica aerogels is studied by the three points flexural technique. The Young's modulus (E), the fracture strength (S) and the toughness KIC are investigated as a function of the different preparation parameters. It is demonstrated that the evolution of mechanical characteristics as a function of the apparent density follows scaling laws. The evaluated exponents are 3.7, 2.6 and 1.6 for E, S and KIC respectively. The experimental data are discussed in terms of the percolation theory.
Physiological Basis of Clinically Used Coronary Hemodynamic Indices (2006)

In deriving clinically used hemodynamic indices such as fractional flow reserve and coronary flow velocity reserve, simplified models of the coronary circulation are used. In particular, myocardial resistance is assumed to be independent of factors such as heart contraction and driving pressure. These simplifying assumptions are not always justified. In this review we focus on distensibility of resistance vessels, the shape of coronary pressure-flow lines, and the influence of collateral flow on these lines. We show that (1) the coronary system is intrinsically nonlinear because resistance vessels at maximal vasodilation change diameter with pressure and cardiac function; (2) the assumption of collateral flow is not needed to explain the difference between pressure-derived and flow-derived fractional flow reserve; and (3) collateral flow plays a role only at low distal pressures. We conclude that traditional hemodynamic indices are valuable for clinical decision making but that clinical studies of coronary physiology will benefit greatly from combined measurements of coronary flow or velocity and pressure.
The Synthesis of Stochastic Circuits for Nanoscale Computation (2009)

Emerging technologies for nanoscale computation such as self-assembled nanowire arrays present specific challenges for logic synthesis. On the one hand, they provide an unprecedented density of bits with a high degree of parallelism. On the other hand, they are characterized by high defect rates. Also they often exhibit inherent randomness in the interconnects due to the stochastic nature of self-assembly. We describe a general method for synthesizing logic that exploits both the parallelism and the random effects. Our approach is based on stochastic computation with parallel bit streams. Circuits are synthesized through functional decomposition with symbolic data structures called multiplicative binary moment diagrams. Synthesis produces designs with randomized parallel components—and operations and multiplexing—that are readily implemented in nanowire crossbar arrays. Synthesis results for benchmarks circuits show that our technique maps circuit designs onto nanowire arrays effectively.
Calculation of the performance of a magnetoresistive permalloy magnetic field sensor (1980)

Design equations have been developed that predict the performance, in a uniform magnetic field, of a saturated Permalloy flat film magnetoresistor with uniaxial anisotropy. The functional dependence on film dimensions has been determined, of parameters characterizing the performance, including optimal operating point, optimal sensitivity, and range of linearity (one percent) around the optimal operating point. These performance parameters were derived from the device transfer or performance function which, in turn, was determined from a model based on a nonuniform demagnetizing field (NDF). We found that in a uniform field 1) the shape of the normalized performance function depends geometrically only on the film thickness-to-width ratio <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t/w</tex> ; 2) the performance parameters were either linear or hyperbolic functions of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t/w</tex> ; and 3) to avoid serious error in predicting performance, the NDF model should be used for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t/w \gsim 1 \times 10^{-4}</tex> . The coefficients for the performance parameter (design) equations are given and, with an upper bound error of ±5 percent, are valid for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t/w</tex> ratios that cover practical device dimensions.
Fast and Practical Neural Architecture Search (2019)

In this paper, we propose a fast and practical neural architecture search (FPNAS) framework for automatic network design. FPNAS aims to discover extremely efficient networks with less than 300M FLOPs. Different from previous NAS methods, our approach searches for the whole network architecture to guarantee block diversity instead of stacking a set of similar blocks repeatedly. We model the search process as a bi-level optimization problem and propose an approximation solution. On CIFAR-10, our approach is capable of design networks with comparable performance to state-of-the-arts while using orders of magnitude less computational resource with only 20 GPU hours. Experimental results on ImageNet and ADE20K datasets further demonstrate transferability of the searched networks.
Cd28 expression on t cell subsets in vivo and cd28‐mediated t cell response in vitro in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1995)

Functionally intact CD28+ T cells may contribute to the abnormal immunoregulation and joint inflammation in RA.
Variable length coding over an unknown channel (2006)

Burnashev in 1976 gave an exact expression for the reliability function of a discrete memoryless channel (DMC) with noiseless feedback. A coding scheme that achieves this exponent needs, in general, to know the statistics of the channel. Suppose now that the coding scheme is designed knowing only that the channel belongs to a family Q of DMCs. Is there a coding scheme with noiseless feedback that achieves Burnashev's exponent uniformly over Q at a nontrivial rate? We answer the question in the affirmative for two families of channels (binary symmetric, and Z). For these families we show that, for any given fraction, there is a feedback coding strategy such that for any member of the family: i) guarantees this fraction of its capacity as rate, and ii) guarantees the corresponding Burnashev's exponent. Therefore, for these families, in terms of delay and error probability, the knowledge of the channel becomes asymptotically irrelevant in feedback code design: there are blind schemes that perform as well as the best coding scheme designed with the foreknowledge of the channel under use. However, a converse result shows that, in general, even for families that consist of only two channels, such blind schemes do not exist.
Magnetic properties of the half-metallic Heusler alloysCo2VAlandCo2VGaunder pressure (2010)

Magnetization measurements have been carried out at high pressure up to 12.1 kbar for ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VAl}$ and ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VGa}$ with a miniature high-pressure clamp cell. The magnetic moment measured at 5 K is independent of pressure for ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VGa}$. This is an experimental observation that gives clear evidence that ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VGa}$ possesses half-metallic electronic structure. On the other hand, a sizable pressure dependence of the magnetic moment is observed for ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VAl}$ and it is attributed to the precipitation of the bcc particles in the matrix $L{2}_{1}$ phase. The Curie temperature decreases with increasing pressure for ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VGa}$, reflecting characteristics typical for usual itinerant electron systems. The negative pressure dependence of the Curie temperature found in ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{VGa}$ contrasts fairly with that of other Heusler alloys containing Mn atoms.
Endometrial Thickness Measurement for Detecting Endometrial Cancer in Women With Postmenopausal Bleeding (2010)

Previous meta-analyses on endometrial thickness measurement probably have overestimated its diagnostic accuracy in the detection of endometrial carcinoma. We advise the use of cutoff level of 3 mm for exclusion of endometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding.
[Physiological and hygienic grounding 8-hour and 12-hour shifts at process production]. (2013)

On workplaces of an oil refining factory for an estimation of 8-hour and 12-hour shifts the criterion of tiresomeness of work - speed of decrease in working capacity on hours on hours of the working day. Conditions of the industrial environment, physiological intensity of work (density and rate of labour actions), dynamics of parameters of a functional state of an organism of workers, data about symptoms of acute and chronic weariness were analyzed. It is supposed, that at absence of harmful factors of the industrial environment the opportunity of lengthening of a work day till 12-hour is defined by physiological intensity of work - a combination of duration of the working day and week with density and rate of labour actions.
Evaluating artificial neural networks for medical applications (2002)

The validity and usefulness of an artificial neural network depends on whether an appropriate measure is used to assess its accuracy and whether the artificial neural network is significantly more accurate than traditional statistical models for the medical task. We discuss a method for determining whether an artificial neural network is necessary for the task, how to select the most appropriate measure of model accuracy, and the importance of significance testing.