gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of P-glycoprotein in the transmembrane transport of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and interferon-gamma in normal human T lymphocytes (1996)

The physiological role of the multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is expressed by normal human T lymphocytes, is still largely unknown. To investigate whether or not P-gp is involved in the transport of cytokines, peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in the absence or presence of P-gp inhibitors, and concentrations of cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]) in the supernatants of these cultures were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P-gp inhibitors included verapamil (Ver), tamoxifen (Tmx), and the P-gp specific monoclonal antibody UIC2. Release of IL-2 was significantly suppressed by these inhibitors at concentrations that were also effective in blocking efflux of Rhodamine-123 from normal T lymphocytes. IL-2 mRNA expression in lymphocytes was not different between PHA control and the cultures with P-gp inhibitors. Ver and Tmx did not interfere with T-cell activation as determined by CD25 and CD69 expression. In a nonhematological model, the P-gp expressing HCT-8 adenocarcinoma cell line, exogenously added IL-2 was shown to exert an inhibitory effect on P-gp mediated Rhodamine-123 efflux. In addition, transepithelial transport of IL-2 by electrophysiologically tight and polarized HCT-8 monolayers was examined. A time-dependent flux of IL-2 across dense monolayers, which was partially inhibited by Ver, was observed. We also investigated whether or not P-gp inhibitors suppressed release of other cytokines produced by activated T cells (IL-4, IL-6, IFN-gamma). Release of IL-4 and IFN-gamma was significantly inhibited by Ver, Tmx, and UIC2; however, release of IL-6 remained unaffected. These data show P-gp mediated transmembrane flux of IL-2 in T lymphocytes and HCT-8 cells. We conclude that P-gp participates in the transport of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma) in normal peripheral T lymphocytes.
Randomized, multicenter, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial using topical recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor for deep partial‐thickness burns and skin graft donor site (2007)

Wound healing is a dynamic and complex biologic process that could be accelerated by growth factors. To investigate the efficacy of topical recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) treatment in deep partial-thickness burn or skin graft donor sites, we designed a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. The healing rate, fully healed rate, and healing time were evaluated to assess the efficacy of rh-aFGF application. Laboratory examinations and abnormal signs were used to assess the side and toxic effects. The results showed that the healing rate of burn wounds and skin graft donor sites treated by rh-aFGF was significantly higher than that by placebo, and the mean healed time of burn wounds and skin graft donor sites in the rh-aFGF group was significantly the shorter than that in the placebo group. In conclusion, topical administration of rh-aFGF can accelerate the wound healing process and shorten the healed time. It is a potential therapeutic application for promoting healing of deep partial-thickness burns or skin graft donor sites.
Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. IV. Identification and distribution in mouse spleen. (1975)

White pulp nodules of mouse spleen contain a minor population of cells with morphologic features that are identical to those of dendritic cells, a cell type recently described in vitro. They have characteristic large, irregularly shaped nuclei with distinctive chromatin patterns and small nucleoli. The cytoplasm is extended in processes that contain relatively few organelles. These presumptive dendritic cells can be distinguished from other cell types that are known to exist in spleen including those that have irregular or branching cell shapes. In particular, dendritic cells do not contain the large number of lysosomes seen in phagocytes, and do not actively interiorize intravenously administered colloidal thorium dioxide particles. They also lack the well developed secretory apparatus (rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi zone) and microfilament bundles that are noted in connective tissue cells. These morphologic observations, combined with previous in vitro work, substantiate the existence of a novel class of cells in mouse lymphoid organs.
Nucleotide sequence variation of the envelope protein gene identifies two distinct genotypes of yellow fever virus (1995)

The evolution of yellow fever virus over 67 years was investigated by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the envelope (E) protein genes of 20 viruses isolated in Africa, the Caribbean, and South America. Uniformly weighted parsimony algorithm analysis defined two major evolutionary yellow fever virus lineages designated E genotypes I and II. E genotype I contained viruses isolated from East and Central Africa. E genotype II viruses were divided into two sublineages: IIA viruses from West Africa and IIB viruses from America, except for a 1979 virus isolated from Trinidad (TRINID79A). Unique signature patterns were identified at 111 nucleotide and 12 amino acid positions within the yellow fever virus E gene by signature pattern analysis. Yellow fever viruses from East and Central Africa contained unique signatures at 60 nucleotide and five amino acid positions, those from West Africa contained unique signatures at 25 nucleotide and two amino acid positions, and viruses from America contained such signatures at 30 nucleotide and five amino acid positions in the E gene. The dissemination of yellow fever viruses from Africa to the Americas is supported by the close genetic relatedness of genotype IIA and IIB viruses and genetic evidence of a possible second introduction of yellow fever virus from West Africa, as illustrated by the TRINID79A virus isolate. The E protein genes of American IIB yellow fever viruses had higher frequencies of amino acid substitutions than did genes of yellow fever viruses of genotypes I and IIA on the basis of comparisons with a consensus amino acid sequence for the yellow fever E gene. The great variation in the E proteins of American yellow fever virus probably results from positive selection imposed by virus interaction with different species of mosquitoes or nonhuman primates in the Americas.
Green Fluorescent Protein as a Novel Vital Marker in Transgenic Mouse (1997)

The markers that have been frequently used in many researches are basically based on their enzymatic activities. Therefore, prior to the detection of the markers, we needed to add substrate to the system. In case of the observation of thin section of the organs, the addition of the substrate will not be a big obstacle in the research. In order to detect the expression of the reporter gene, newly designed substrates were developed and available in the market to allow us to stain the live cells or organs. However, the loading the substrate into cell makes it a difficult procedure to stain the live cells by these enzyme markers. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) was reported as a new type of marker especially in marking the live cells by Chalfie in 1994. The GFP emits the green fluorescent light in response to ex citation light without any pretreatment. This nature will enable us to observe the marked object in real time and in continuous manner. From this idealistic nature of GFP, many researchers are now trying to use the GFP in versatile systems as a vital marker. In the present review, we introduce the basics of GFP and our examples of using GFP in transgenic mouse lines together with a newly discovered developing usage of GFP.
The hydrolysis of coumarin diethyl acetal and the lactonization of coumarinic acid ethyl ester. The partitioning of tetrahedral intermediates generated from independent sources (1979)

The hydrolysis of coumarin diethyl acetal to coumarin proceeds via two detectable intermediates. A short-lived transient is observed in strongly acidic solutions (pH &lt; 2.5); this is the oxocarbonium ion intermediate of the hydrolysis. That this cation can be detected suggests unusual stability, a fact which can be explained in terms of its pyrilium ion nature. A long-lived intermediate is also observed; kinetic and spectral evidence suggest that this is coumarinic acid ethyl ester. The lactonization of this ester shows a change in rate-determining step as the pH is varied. A corresponding change in products is found in the acetal hydrolysis, the coumarinic acid ester being the major product at high pH, with coumarin the major product at low pH. Both observations can be explained in terms of different modes of partitioning of cationic and neutral tetrahedral intermediates. Analysis in quantitative terms shows that the same tetrahedral intermediate is generated in the two different cases.
CAFE: a conceptual model for managing information in electronic mail (2002)

The design and implementation of a conceptual model, CAFE (Categorization Assistant For E-mail), is described. The model supports the organization, searching and retrieval of information in e-mail. Three modes are available for satisfying the users' needs in various situations: the busy mode for intermittent use at times of high stress; the cool mode for continuous use at the computer; and the curious mode for sporadic use when exploring and (re-)organizing messages when more time is at hand. The design of the model is motivated partly by the results of a case study of categorization on the computer screen, and partly by a survey of e-mail clients. The case study was inspired by cognitive science theories. The model is related to information seeking theories in electronic environments. In the implementation each mode required using a different technique. The busy mode uses the text-based Naive Bayesian algorithm, the cool mode uses e-mail filtering rules, and the curious mode uses a combination of clustering techniques known as scatter/gather.
Preventing β-amyloid fibrillization and deposition: β-sheet breakers and pathological chaperone inhibitors (2008)

Central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the conversion of normal, soluble beta-amyloid (sAbeta) to oligomeric, fibrillar Abeta. This process of conformational conversion can be influenced by interactions with other proteins that can stabilize the disease-associated state; these proteins have been termed 'pathological chaperones'. In a number of AD models, intervention that block soluble Abeta aggregation, including beta-sheet breakers, and compounds that block interactions with pathological chaperones, have been shown to be highly effective. When combined with early pathology detection, these therapeutic strategies hold great promise as effective and relatively toxicity free methods of preventing AD related pathology.
The lactose transporter in Leuconostoc lactis is a new member of the LacS subfamily of galactoside-pentose-hexuronide translocators (1996)

The gene encoding the lactose transport protein (lacS) of Leuconostoc lactis NZ6009 has been cloned from its native lactose plasmid, pNZ63, by functional complementation of lactose permease-deficient Escherichia coli mutants. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame with the capacity to encode a protein of 639 amino acids which had limited but significant identity to the lactose transport carriers (LacS) of Streptococcus thermophilus (34.5%) and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (35.6%). This similarity was present both in the amino-terminal hydrophobic carrier domain, which is homologous to the E. coli melibiose transporter, and in the carboxy-terminal enzyme IIA-like regulatory domain. The flanking regions of DNA surrounding lacS were also sequenced. Preceding the lacS gene was a small open reading frame in the same orientation encoding a deduced 95-amino-acid protein with a sequence similar to the amino-terminal portion of beta-galactosidase I from Bacillus stearothermophilus. The lacS gene was separated from the downstream beta-galactosidase genes (lacLM) by 2 kb of DNA containing an IS3-like insertion sequence, which is a novel arrangement for lac genes in comparison with that in other lactic acid bacteria. The lacS gene was cloned in an E. coli-Streptococcus shuttle vector and was expressed both in a lacS deletion derivative of S. thermophilus and in a pNZ63-cured strain, L. lactis NZ6091. The role of the LacS protein was confirmed by uptake assays in which substantial uptake of radiolabeled lactose or galactose was observed with L. lactis or S. thermophilus plasmids harboring an intact lacS gene. Furthermore, galactose uptake was observed in NZ6091, suggesting the presence of at least one more transport system for galactose in L. lactis.
Linking the gut microbiota to human health (2013)

The human gut is the natural environment for a diverse and dynamic microbial ecosystem, whose structure and functions are presently a major target of research in biomedicine. Experimental studies in germ-free animals performed some decades ago revealed the importance of these microbial communities for normal growth and development and for the maintenance of health in adult life. The host provides habitat and nutrition to the microbial communities and derives many benefits from its symbionts that contribute to metabolic, defensive and trophic functions. Development of novel gene sequencing technologies as well as availability of powerful bioinformatic analysis tools provide new insights into the composition and structure of the human gut microbiota. There is no clear definition of the characteristics of a normal 'healthy' gut microbiota in human subjects, but several disease states have been associated with changes in the composition of faecal and intestinal mucosal communities, including inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Probiotics and prebiotics are used to improve symbiosis between enteric microbiota and the host or restore states of dysbiosis.
Cdk2-dependent Phosphorylation of the NF-Y Transcription Factor and Its Involvement in the p53-p21 Signaling Pathway (2003)

Recent studies have suggested that the NF-Y transcription factor is involved in transcription repression of the cell cycle regulatory genes in a response to p53 induction or DNA damage. Here we demonstrate the cdk2-dependent phosphorylation of NF-Y and its involvement in transcription repression by the p53-p21 signaling pathway. Cdk2 phosphorylates two serine residues near the DNA-binding domain of the YA subunit of NF-Y. Cyclin A-cdk2 appears to associate with NF-Y both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, YA protein is phosphorylated in parallel with a cell cycle-dependent activation of cdk2 kinase and cyclin A expression. YA phosphorylation is unnecessary for heterotrimer formation with the YB-YC dimer. However, NF-Y containing a phosphorylation-deficient mutant form of YA, YA-aa, has its DNA binding activity impaired. Consistently, YA-aa inhibits transcription activation of a NF-Y target promoter, cdc2, by cdk2. These results facilitate the elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of cell cycle progression involving the p21-cdk2-NF-Y signaling pathway.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor density modulates activation of phospholipase C and phosphate transport by PTH in LLC-PK1 cells. (1995)

We showed previously that a single species of cloned PTH/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptors, when stably expressed in LLC-PK1 kidney cells, couples to multiple second messenger signals and biological responses. To address the linkages of individual messenger signals to specific biological responses in these cells, we examined the relations among PTH/PTHrP receptor expression, PTH-activated phospholipase C (PLC) and adenylyl cyclase, and PTH-regulated phosphate transport in LLC-PK1 cells that stably express cloned rat PTH/PTHrP receptors. Among 18 such subclones, PTH stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation was nearly equivalent, despite differences in receptor density ranging from 20,000-400,000 sites/cell. In contrast, activation of PLC by PTH was directly and continuously dependent upon receptor density. PTH-stimulated phosphate uptake also was strongly dependent upon receptor expression, correlated well with PLC activity, was mimicked by active phorbol esters but not by cAMP analogs or forskolin, and was strikingly inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine. The peptide analog [Arg2]human PTH-(1-34), which significantly stimulated cAMP accumulation but failed to activate PLC, also did not increase phosphate uptake. We conclude that in LLC-PK1 cells, PTH-modulated PLC activation, unlike adenylyl cyclase activation, is strongly dependent upon PTH/PTHrP receptor density. This feature is reflected in the analogous relation between receptor density and PTH regulation of phosphate uptake, which appears to be mediated via a PKC-dependent pathway in these transfected cells. The results suggest that regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptor expression on target cells may provide a mechanism for altering the character as well as the magnitude of the signaling response to the hormone.
Effect of combined T‐ and B‐cell depletion of allogeneic HLA‐mismatched bone marrow graft on the magnitude and kinetics of Epstein–Barr virus load in the peripheral blood of bone marrow transplant recipients (2004)

Recipients of T-cell-depleted bone marrow (BM) transplants (BMT) frequently develop Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) preceded by a rapid and prominent increase of EBV load in the peripheral blood. The level of this increase positively correlates with the incidence of PTLD. Using a semiquantitative PCR assay we compared the blood levels of EBV-DNA in patients transplanted with either T-cell or T- and B-cell-depleted human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched BM grafts. Combined T- and B-cell depletion correlated with significantly lower maximal levels of EBV load, which were reached with slower kinetics. These data indicate that B-cell depletion of BM can be used for prophylaxis of PTLD in BM transplant recipients and can affect the long-term balance between EBV and its host.
Conformations of IgE bound to its receptor Fc.epsilon.RI and in solution (1991)

Previous resonance energy transfer studies suggested that murine immunoglobulin E (IgE) is bent near the junction of its Fc and Fab segments when bound to its high-affinity receptor (Fc epsilon RI) on RBL cells. To examine further the conformations of IgE, both bound to this receptor and in solution, a mutant recombinant IgE (epsilon/C gamma 3*) was prepared that has a cysteine replacing a serine near the C-terminal ends of the heavy chain. The introduced cysteine residues provide a means for specific modification of IgE, and the sulfhydryl groups were selectively labeled with fluorescein-5-maleimide (FM-epsilon/C gamma 3*). This IgE also binds a 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonyl (DNS) group in the antigen-binding sites. Resonance energy transfer experiments carried out on receptor-bound FM-epsilon/C gamma 3* yielded a distance of 53 A between fluorescein near the C-terminal end of the Fc segment and amphipathic acceptor probes at the membrane surface. The average distance between this C-terminal fluorescein and acceptor eosin-DNS in the antigen-binding sites at the N-terminal ends of the Fab segments was found to be 69 A. These results combine with those from previous structural studies to provide an unprecedented detailed description of the bent geometry of IgE bound to its receptor on the membrane. Energy transfer measured for FM-epsilon/C gamma 3* in solution between fluorescein near the C-terminal end of the Fc segment and eosin-DNS at the N-terminal ends of the Fab segments indicates that the average distance between these probes is about 71 A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Levels of saliva cotinine in electronic cigarette users (2014)

At least some experienced users of electronic cigarettes appear to be able to gain as much nicotine from those products as do cigarette smokers.
Identification and Quantification of Potential Anti-inflammatory Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides from Wolfberry (2016)

Wolfberry or Goji berry, the fruit of Lycium barbarum, exhibits health-promoting properties that leads to an extensive study of their active components. We synthesized a set of hydroxycinnamic acid amide (HCCA) compounds, including trans-caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, with extended phenolic amine components as standards to identify and quantify the corresponding compounds from wolfberry and to investigate anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds using in vitro model. With optimized LC-MS/MS and NMR analysis, nine amide compounds were identified from the fruits. Seven of these compounds were identified in this plant for the first time. The amide compounds with a tyramine moiety were the most abundant. In vitro studies indicated that five HCCA compounds showed inhibitory effect on NO production inuded by lipopolysaccharides with IC<sub>50</sub> less than 15.08 μM (trans-N-feruloyl dopamine). These findings suggested that wolfberries demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties.
A Time Domain System For Transient Enhancement In Recorded Music (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Fate determination of adult human glial progenitor cells (2009)

Glial progenitor cells (GPCs) comprise the most abundant population of progenitor cells in the adult human brain. They are responsible for central nervous system (CNS) remyelination, and likely contribute to the astrogliotic response to brain injury and degeneration as well. Adult human GPCs are biased to differentiate as oligodendrocytes and elaborate new myelin, and yet they retain multilineage plasticity, and can give rise to neurons as well as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes once removed from the adult parenchymal environment. GPCs retain strong mechanisms for cell-autonomous self-renewal, and yet both their phenotype and fate may be dictated by their microenvironment. Using the transcriptional profiles of acutely isolated GPCs, we have begun to understand the operative ligand-receptor interactions involved in these processes, and have identified several key signaling pathways by which adult human GPCs may be reliably instructed to either oligodendrocytic or astrocytic fate. In addition, we have noted significant differences between the expressed genes and dominant signaling pathways of fetal and adult human GPCs, as well as between rodent and human GPCs. The latter data in particular call into question therapeutic strategies predicated solely upon data obtained using rodents, while perhaps highlighting the extent to which evolution has been attended by the phylogenetic modification of glial phenotype and function.
Papel das redes sociais virtuais no relacionamento entre empresas juniores em uma universidade federal (2015)

Organizations seek to create and maintain collaborative relationships with the purpose of sharing and managing \ninformation, resources and knowledge. In this sense, the Junior enterprises (JEs), characterized as small \nbusinesses, can enjoy the benefits of cooperation. One of the elements that enable JEs make contacts and \npartnerships with other JEs are the online social networks (OSN), which is strengthened with the latest advances \nand technological changes. Therefore, this study is aimed to analyze the role of OSN in the relationship between \nJEs in Federal University of Sergipe (UFS). For this, it uses a qualitative approach through studies of multiple \ncases with five JEs. It was found that, in general, the relationships may be classified as weak. Specifically, on \nOSN , it was found that the contact of the UFS' JEs are more frequent with the state outside companies