gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An advanced commit protocol for MLS distributed database systems (1996)

Article An advanced commit protocol for MLS distributed database systems Share on Authors: Indrajit Ray Center for Secure Information Systems and Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA Center for Secure Information Systems and Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VAView Profile , Elisa Bertino Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione, Università di Milano, 20135 Milano, Italy Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione, Università di Milano, 20135 Milano, ItalyView Profile , Sushil Jajodia Center for Secure Information Systems and Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA Center for Secure Information Systems and Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VAView Profile , Luigi Mancini Dipartimento di Informatica e Scienze, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy Dipartimento di Informatica e Scienze, Università di Genova, Genova, ItalyView Profile Authors Info & Claims CCS '96: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM conference on Computer and communications securityJanuary 1996 Pages 119–128https://doi.org/10.1145/238168.238198Online:01 January 1996Publication History 8citation554DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads554Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Emerging circulating biomarkers in glioblastoma: promises and challenges (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The past few years have seen major progress in our understanding of the molecular basis of GBM. These advances, which have contributed to the development of novel targeted therapies, will change the paradigms in GBM therapy from disease-based to individually tailored molecular target-based treatment. No validated circulating biomarkers have yet been integrated into clinical practice for GBM. There is thus a critical need to implement minimally invasive clinical tests enabling molecular stratification and prognosis assessment, as well as the prediction and monitoring of treatment response. After examination of data from recent studies exploring several categories of tumor-associated biomarkers (circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, nucleic acids and oncometabolites) identified in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid and urine, this article discusses the challenges and prospects for the development of circulating biomarkers in GBM.
Comparison of Sample Sequences of the Salmonella typhi Genome to the Sequence of the Complete Escherichia coli K-12 Genome (1998)

Raw sequence data representing the majority of a bacterial genome can be obtained at a tiny fraction of the cost of a completed sequence. To demonstrate the utility of such a resource, 870 single-stranded M13 clones were sequenced from a shotgun library of the Salmonella typhi Ty2 genome. The sequence reads averaged over 400 bases and sampled the genome with an average spacing of once every 5,000 bases. A total of 339,243 bases of unique sequence was generated (approximately 7% representation). The sample of 870 sequences was compared to the complete Escherichia coli K-12 genome and to the rest of the GenBank database, which can also be considered a collection of sampled sequences. Despite the incomplete S. typhi data set, interesting categories could easily be discerned. Sixteen percent of the sequences determined from S. typhi had close homologs among known Salmonella sequences (P < 1e-40 in BlastX or BlastN), reflecting the proportion of these genomes that have been sequenced previously; 277 sequences (32%) had no apparent orthologs in the complete E. coli K-12 genome (P > 1e-20), of which 155 sequences (18%) had no close similarities to any sequence in the database (P > 1e-5). Eight of the 277 sequences had similarities to genes in other strains of E. coli or plasmids, and six sequences showed evidence of novel phage lysogens or sequence remnants of phage integrations, including a member of the lambda family (P < 1e-15). Twenty-three sample sequences had a significantly closer similarity a sequence in the database from organisms other than the E. coli/Salmonella clade (which includes Shigella and Citrobacter). These sequences are new candidate lateral transfer events to the S. typhi lineage or deletions on the E. coli K-12 lineage. Eleven putative junctions of insertion/deletion events greater than 100 bp were observed in the sample, indicating that well over 150 such events may distinguish S. typhi from E. coli K-12. The need for automatic methods to more effectively exploit sample sequences is discussed.
Improved Early Prediction of Preterm Pre-Eclampsia by Combining Second Trimester Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein and Uterine Artery Doppler (2014)

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) 			is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and 			mortality. One of the primary aims of antenatal care is to identify 			women at high risk and provide them with prophylactic treatment and 			more intensive surveillance. Current identification is based mainly 			on maternal characteristics, which is not specific and sensitive 			enough to be an ideal screening test highlighting the need for an 			alternative. We evaluated the combination of second trimester maternal serum 			alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) and uterine artery Doppler (UAD) studies 			for the prediction of PE. Methods: A total of 724 women had MSAFP and UAD measured. The presence of 			notches and Resistance Index were measured. ROC ’ s 			were created for MSAFP and UAD alone and in combination. 			Sensitivities for the two outcomes were compared for a fixed 			specificity of 94% for PE and 97% for preterm PE. Results: A total of 41 women 			(5.7%) developed 			PE. The 			sensitivity of using UAD (bilateral notches/mean RI ≥ 0.735) was 			60.9% and for MSAFP was 24.4% ( ≥ 2.0 MoM). The combination of UAD (bilateral notches/mean RI ≥ 0.55) and MSAFP ( ≥ 1.2 MoM), didn ’ t improve the 			sensitivity of UAD for PE for the same 			specificity; 			17 women (2.4%) developed preterm 			PE. The 			sensitivity using UAD (bilateral notches/mean RI ≥ 0.75) was 29.4% and for MSAFP ( ≥ 2.6 MoM) was 5.9%. The combination of UAD (bilateral notches/mean RI ≥ 0.55) and MSAFP ( ≥ 1.6 MoM), improved the sensitivity for preterm preeclampsia to 64.7% 			(OR 52.17 (CI 			17.81 - 152.84)). 			The improvement in sensitivity for the combined method was 			statistically significant compared to MSAFP (P < 0.01) or UAD (P < 0.02) alone. J Clin Gynecol Obstet. 2014;3(1):22-29 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jcgo223w
Experimental issues in coherent quantum-state manipulation of trapped atomic ions (1998)

Methods for, and limitations to, the generation of entangled states of trapped atomic ions are examined. As much as possible, state manipulations are described in terms of quantum logic operations since the conditional dynamics implicit in quantum logic is central to the creation of entanglement. Keeping with current interest, some experimental issues in the proposal for trappedion quantum computation by J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller (University of Innsbruck) are discussed. Several possible decoherence mechanisms are examined and what may be the more important of these are identified. Some potential applications for entangled states of trapped-ions which lie outside the immediate realm of quantum computation are also discussed.
Bronchoscopic Lung Cryobiopsy Increases Diagnostic Confidence in the Multidisciplinary Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2015)

BLC is a new biopsy method that has a meaningful impact on diagnostic confidence in the multidisciplinary diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and may prove useful in the diagnosis of IPF. This study provides a robust rationale for future studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of BLC compared with SLB.
RNAi-mediated oncogene silencing confers resistance to crown gall tumorigenesis (2001)

Crown gall disease, caused by the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, results in significant economic losses in perennial crops worldwide. A. tumefaciens is one of the few organisms with a well characterized horizontal gene transfer system, possessing a suite of oncogenes that, when integrated into the plant genome, orchestrate de novo auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis to generate tumors. Specifically, the iaaM and ipt oncogenes, which show approximately 90% DNA sequence identity across studied A. tumefaciens strains, are required for tumor formation. By expressing two self-complementary RNA constructions designed to initiate RNA interference (RNAi) of iaaM and ipt, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Lycopersicon esculentum plants that are highly resistant to crown gall disease development. In in vitro root inoculation bioassays with two biovar I strains of A. tumefaciens, transgenic Arabidopsis lines averaged 0.0-1.5% tumorigenesis, whereas wild-type controls averaged 97.5% tumorigenesis. Similarly, several transformed tomato lines that were challenged by stem inoculation with three biovar I strains, one biovar II strain, and one biovar III strain of A. tumefaciens displayed between 0.0% and 24.2% tumorigenesis, whereas controls averaged 100% tumorigenesis. This mechanism of resistance, which is based on mRNA sequence homology rather than the highly specific receptor-ligand binding interactions characteristic of traditional plant resistance genes, should be highly durable. If successful and durable under field conditions, RNAi-mediated oncogene silencing may find broad applicability in the improvement of tree crop and ornamental rootstocks.
TG101348, a potent, highly selective JAK2 inhibitor, inhibits colony formation in stem cells from polycythemia vera patients and prevents JAK2V617F-mediated splenomegaly and death in a mouse model (2007)

7031 Background: The molecular pathogenesis of the myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia has been strongly linked to an activating mutation of JAK2 (Janus Associated Kinase 2). A G-T transversion event in exon 14 that translates into a substitution of phenylalanine for valine at amino acid residue 617 leads to constitutive activation of JAK2 V617F in a majority of these MPD cases. Methods: In order to address this unmet clinical need we designed, synthesized and performed preclinical evaluations on a series of structurally novel compounds optimized for JAK2 inhibition. Results: TG101348, a compound which potently inhibits JAK2 V617F enzymatically and in human cells, was selected as a clinical development candidate from this medicinal chemistry campaign. TG101348 displays remarkable kinase specificity as shown by 83X selectivity versus JAK3 and potent inhibition of &lt;2% of the kinases evaluated in a commercial, phylogenetically diverse panel of 212 kinases. TG101348 potently inhibits erythroid colony formation in patient-derived cells from polycythemia patients at doses 2–3X lower than in normal control patients. Consistent with this observation TG101348 inhibits JAK2-driven STAT5 phosphorylation, cell proliferation and cell survival in JAK2 V617F -expressing cell lines. In vivo, TG101348 exhibits promising pharmacokinetic profiles in species ranging from mouse to monkey including oral availabilities &gt;20%, and half-lives consistent with once or twice daily dosing. TG101348 reduces the number of circulating mutant JAK2 cells, inhibited splenomegaly and improved survival without significantly impacting normal hematocrit in an aggressive JAK2-driven circulating cell model of disease in rodents. Conclusion: TG101348 has considerable potential for the treatment of JAK2- driven myeloproliferative disorders based on its promising preclinical potency, selectivity and pharmaceutical properties. [Table: see text]
GNA33 from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B encodes a membrane‐bound lytic transglycosylase (MltA) (2002)

In a previous study, we used the genome of serogroup B Meningococcus to identify novel vaccine candidates. One of these molecules, GNA33, is well conserved among Meningococcus B strains, other Meningococcus serogroups and Gonococcus and induces bactericidal antibodies as a result of being a mimetic antigen of the PorA epitope P1.2. GNA33 encodes a 48‐kDa lipoprotein that is 34.5% identical with membrane‐bound lytic transglycosylase A (MltA) from Escherichia coli . In this study, we expressed GNA33, i.e. Meningococcus MltA, as a lipoprotein in E. coli . The lipoprotein nature of recombinant MltA was demonstrated by incorporation of [ 3 H]palmitate. MltA lipoprotein was purified to homogeneity from E. coli membranes by cation‐exchange chromatography. Muramidase activity was confirmed when MltA was shown to degrade insoluble murein sacculi and unsubstituted glycan strands. HPLC analysis demonstrated the formation of 1,6‐anhydrodisaccharide tripeptide and tetrapeptide reaction products, confirming that the protein is a lytic transglycosylase. Optimal muramidase activity was observed at pH 5.5 and 37 °C and enhanced by Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ and Ca 2+ . The addition of Ni 2+ and EDTA had no significant effect on activity, whereas Zn 2+ inhibited activity. Triton X‐100 stimulated activity 5.1‐fold. Affinity chromatography indicated that MltA interacts with penicillin‐binding protein 2 from Meningococcus B, and, like MltA from E. coli , may form part of a multienzyme complex.
Thalidomide: Effects on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells in vitro (1964)

Thalidomide did not inhibit dehydrogenase activity or growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in agar. When mixed with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro, thalidomide increased the mitotic activity. The effect of the thalidomide was not altered by the addition of nicotinic or folic acid, or by vitamin B(1) or B(6). Oxygen uptake by the tumor cells was not affected by thalidomide.
Immunotherapy for malignant glioma (2015)

Malignant gliomas (MG) are the most common type of primary malignant brain tumor. Most patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and malignant glial tumor, die within 12-15 months. Moreover, conventional treatment, which includes surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy, can be highly toxic by causing nonspecific damage to healthy brain and other tissues. The shortcomings of standard-of-care have thus created a stimulus for the development of novel therapies that can target central nervous system (CNS)-based tumors specifically and efficiently, while minimizing off-target collateral damage to normal brain. Immunotherapy represents an investigational avenue with the promise of meeting this need, already having demonstrated its potential against B-cell malignancy and solid tumors in clinical trials. T-cell engineering with tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is one proven approach that aims to redirect autologous patient T-cells to sites of tumor. This platform has evolved dramatically over the past two decades to include an improved construct design, and these modern CARs have only recently been translated into the clinic for brain tumors. We review here emerging immunotherapeutic platforms for the treatment of MG, focusing on the development and application of a CAR-based strategy against GBM.
Dose-Response Relationships of Inhaled Insulin Delivered via the Aerodose Insulin Inhaler and Subcutaneously Injected Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2003)

The overlapping dose-response curves of inhaled and subcutaneous treatments together with a consistent relative bioavailability and relative biopotency for inhaled insulin across doses suggest that the Aerodose insulin inhaler will deliver a pharmacologically predictable insulin dose to patients with diabetes similar to that observed following subcutaneous injection.
Labio y paladar hendidos: Orientaciones para su diagnóstico y manejo (2013)

Las anomalías faciales más frecuentes en nuestro medio sonlas hendiduras de labio y paladar (queilo y palatosquisis).Esimportante hacer un diagnóstico exacto de esta patologíapara orientar, de manera adecuada, a los padres del pacientecon respecto al manejo preoperatorio y las posibilidadesde corrección de tales anomalías, labor que corresponde almédico general.
Modulation of androgen receptor‐dependent transcription by resveratrol and genistein in prostate cancer cells (2003)

In vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that resveratrol and genistein are promising chemopreventive agents. Given the clear evidence that AR pathways are involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer, these data showed that the ability to modulate AR function would contribute the observed chemopreventive activity of resveratrol and genistein.
Design and Implementation of a Real Time Video Surveillance System with Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

One important goal of surveillance systems is to collect information about the behavior and position of interested targets in the sensing environment. These systems can be applied to many applications, such as fire emergency, surveillance system, and smart home. Recently, surveillance systems combining wireless sensor networks with video cameras have become more and more popular. In traditional video surveillance systems, the system performance and cost is proportional to the number of deployed video camera. In this paper, we propose a real time video surveillance system consisting of many low cost sensors and a few wireless video cameras. The system allows a group of cooperating sensor devices to detect and track mobile objects and to report their positions to the sink node in the wireless sensor network. Then, the sink node uses the IP cameras deployed in the sensing area to record these events and display the present situations. We also propose a camera control scheme to initialize the coverage distribution of cameras and support the inter-task handoff operations between cameras. We have implemented the proposed system with 16 sensor nodes and two IP cameras, and evaluated the system performance. The result shows that our surveillance system is adaptable to variant environments and provides real time information of the monitored environment.
Peptide growth factors stimulate macrophage colony-stimulating factor in murine stromal cells (1991)

Bone marrow stromal cells influence hematopoiesis through cell-cell interaction and release of hematopoietic growth factors. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is constitutively produced by several murine and human stromal cell lines and is induced by inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1 alpha or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a variety of mesenchymal cells. Other potentially important regulatory molecules such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), released by activated monocytes in response to inflammation, stimulate the growth of human stromal cells. However, the effect of these peptide mitogens on M-CSF expression in stromal cells has not been explored. In this study, we used TC-1 murine bone marrow-derived stromal cells that constitutively secrete M-CSF to determine the effect of PDGF and bFGF on cell proliferation and M-CSF gene expression. PDGF and bFGF, but not TNF-alpha, were potent mitogens for the TC-1 cells. Similar to mouse L cells, TC-1 murine stromal cells constitutively expressed two major mRNA transcripts of 4.4 and 2.2 kb that hybridized to a murine M-CSF cDNA. PDGF, bFGF, and TNF-alpha markedly stimulated the steady-state expression of M-CSF mRNA with different time-course kinetics. The increased expression of M-CSF mRNA was associated with enhanced secretion of M-CSF as determined by radioimmunoassay. These findings suggest that PDGF, bFGF, and TNF-alpha may regulate hematopoiesis indirectly through release of M-CSF by stromal cells and may modulate, at least in part, the hematopoietic response to inflammation.
AMP‐activated protein kinase: the energy charge hypothesis revisited (2001)

The AMP-activated protein kinase cascade is a sensor of cellular energy charge, and its existence provides strong support for the energy charge hypothesis first proposed by Daniel Atkinson in the 1960s. The system is activated in an ultrasensitive manner by cellular stresses that deplete ATP (and consequently elevate AMP), either by inhibiting ATP production (e.g., hypoxia), or by accelerating ATP consumption (e.g., exercise in muscle). Once activated, it switches on catabolic pathways, both acutely by phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes and chronically by effects on gene expression, and switches off many ATP-consuming processes. Recent work suggests that activation of AMPK is responsible for many of the effects of physical exercise, both the rapid metabolic effects and the adaptations that occur during training. Dominant mutations in regulatory subunit isoforms (gamma2 and gamma3) of AMPK, which appear to increase the basal activity in the absence of AMP, lead to hypertrophy of cardiac and skeletal muscle respectively.
Involvement of gshAB in the Interspecies Competition within Oral Biofilm (2013)

Although Streptococcus sanguinis has been reported to produce H2O2 to gain a competitive edge over Streptococcus mutans, the molecular mechanisms evolved by S. mutans to counter this "peer stress" are still to be identified. The current study was designed to investigate the ecological role of glutathione synthetase (gshAB) in the interspecies interaction between S. mutans and S. sanguinis. A gshAB in-frame deletion strain of S. mutans was constructed, and its phenotypic traits were characterized. The spatio-temporal interaction of the gshAB mutant with S. sanguinis was further investigated in a dual-species biofilm model by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We found that, although less tolerant for H2O2, the gshAB mutant produced more extracellular polysaccharides by up-regulating gtfs expression, so as to cluster as condensed microcolonies. In addition, the mutant was more susceptible to the conditioned medium of S. sanguinis, and its competitiveness was significantly compromised. Taken together, we believe that gshAB is essential for the competitiveness and prevalence of S. mutans through detoxifying the H2O2 produced by S. sanguinis. Given the ecological importance of bacterial equilibrium within the oral biofilm, gshAB may represent a promising target to modulate the S. mutans/S. sanguinis ratio under cariogenic conditions, thus contributing to the management of dental caries.