gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-accuracy fiber-optic shape sensing (2007)

We describe the results of a study of the performance characteristics of a monolithic fiber-optic shape sensor array. Distributed strain measurements in a multi-core optical fiber interrogated with the optical frequency domain reflectometry technique are used to deduce the shape of the optical fiber; referencing to a coordinate system yields position information. Two sensing techniques are discussed herein: the first employing fiber Bragg gratings and the second employing the intrinsic Rayleigh backscatter of the optical fiber. We have measured shape and position under a variety of circumstances and report the accuracy and precision of these measurements. A discussion of error sources is included.
Aberrant expression of serine/threonine kinase Pim‐3 in hepatocellular carcinoma development and its role in the proliferation of human hepatoma cell lines (2004)

Most cases of human hepatocellular carcinoma develop after persistent chronic infection with human hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, and host responses are presumed to have major roles in this process. To recapitulate this process, we have developed the mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma using hepatitis B virus surface antigen transgenic mice. To identify the genes associated with hepatocarcinogenesis in this model, we compared the gene expression patterns between pre-malignant lesions surrounded by hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and control liver tissues by using a fluorescent differential display analysis. Among the genes that were expressed differentially in the pre-malignant lesions, we focused on Pim-3, a member of a proto-oncogene Pim family, because its contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. Moreover, the unavailability of the nucleotide sequence of full-length human Pim-3 cDNA prompted us to clone it from the cDNA library constructed from a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. The obtained 2,392 bp human Pim-3 cDNA encodes a predicted open reading frame consisting of 326 amino acids. Pim-3 mRNA was selectively expressed in human hepatoma cell lines, but not in normal liver tissues. Moreover, Pim-3 protein was detected in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines but not in normal hepatocytes. Furthermore, cell proliferation was attenuated and apoptosis was enhanced in human hepatoma cell lines by the ablation of Pim-3 gene with RNA interference. These observations suggest that aberrantly expressed Pim-3 can cause autonomous cell proliferation or prevent apoptosis in hepatoma cell lines.
AC0010, an Irreversible EGFR Inhibitor Selectively Targeting Mutated EGFR and Overcoming T790M-Induced Resistance in Animal Models and Lung Cancer Patients (2016)

AC0010 is a pyrrolopyrimidine-based irreversible EGFR inhibitor, structurally distinct from previously reported pyrimidine-based irreversible EGFR inhibitors, such as osimertinib and rociletinib. AC0010 selectively inhibits EGFR-active and T790M mutations with up to 298-fold increase in potency compared with wild-type EGFR. In a xenograft model, oral administration of AC0010 at a daily dose of 500 mg/kg resulted in complete remission of tumors with EGFR-active and T790M mutations for over 143 days with no weight loss. Three major metabolites of AC0010 were tested and showed no wild-type EGFR inhibition or off-target effects, such as inhibition of IGF-1R. AC0010 is safe in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients at a dose range between 50 and 550 mg once per day, and no hyperglycemia or other severe adverse effects were detected, such as grade 3 QT prolongation. The objective responses were observed in NSCLC patients with EGFR T790M mutation. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2586-97. ©2016 AACR.
Eukaryotic Cell-Cycle Control (1992)

Conference Article| May 01 1992 Eukaryotic Cell-Cycle Control Paul Nurse Paul Nurse 1ICRF Cell-Cycle Control Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1992) 20 (2): 239–242. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200239 Article history Received: December 16 1991 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Paul Nurse; Eukaryotic Cell-Cycle Control. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1992; 20 (2): 239–242. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200239 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: cdc, cell division cycle mutants, cdc25ts, temperature-sensitive cdc25 gene, MPF, maturation promoting factor This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 Biochemical Society1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Mu1-related transposable elements of maize preferentially insert into low copy number DNA. (1995)

The Mutator transposable element system of maize was originally identified through its induction of mutations at an exceptionally high frequency and at a wide variety of loci. The Mu1 subfamily of transposable elements within this system are responsible for the majority of Mutator-induced mutations. Mu 1-related elements were isolated from active Mutator plants and their flanking DNA was characterized. Sequence analyses revealed perfect nine base target duplications directly flanking the insert for 13 of the 14 elements studied. Hybridizational studies indicated that Mu1-like elements insert primarily into regions of the maize genome that are of low copy number. This preferential selection of low copy number DNA as targets for Mu element insertion was not directed by any specific secondary structure(s) that could be detected in this study, but the 9-bp target duplications exhibited a discernibly higher than random match with the consensus sequence 5'-G-T-T-G-G/C-A-G-G/A-G-3'.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Based Blends, Composites and Nanocomposites (2014)

There is much interest in biodegradable polymers for different uses and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have potential applications in a broad range of areas from food packaging to biomedical applications. The book will provide a comprehensive overview of the recent accomplishments in the area of polyhydroxyalkanoates providing a resource that helps find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems. The book introduces polyhydroxyalkanoates including their biosynthesis, recovery and extraction followed by specific chapters on blends, composites and nanocomposites. The book finishes with the applications of the materials including additives in paints, adhesives, production of plastics as well as tissue engineering and drug delivery. The book provides a reference for students and researchers in chemistry, polymer science, materials science, biotechnology and life sciences working in the field of bio-based and biodegradable polymers and composites as well as those interested in its applications.
Role of βγ Subunits of G Proteins in Targeting the β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase to Membrane-Bound Receptors (1992)

The rate and extent of the agonist-dependent phosphorylation of beta 2-adrenergic receptors and rhodopsin by beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) are markedly enhanced on addition of G protein beta gamma subunits. With a model peptide substrate it was demonstrated that direct activation of the kinase could not account for this effect. G protein beta gamma subunits were shown to interact directly with the COOH-terminal region of beta ARK, and formation of this beta ARK-beta gamma complex resulted in receptor-facilitated membrane localization of the enzyme. The beta gamma subunits of transducin were less effective at both enhancing the rate of receptor phosphorylation and binding to the COOH-terminus of beta ARK, suggesting that the enzyme preferentially binds specific beta gamma complexes. The beta gamma-mediated membrane localization of beta ARK serves to intimately link receptor activation to beta ARK-mediated desensitization.
The pYC plasmids, a series of cassette-based yeast plasmid vectors providing means of counter-selection (2000)

A series of 24 general-purpose yeast plasmid vectors has been constructed. The plasmid series is composed of inter-replaceable cassettes, allowing for easy interconversion of plasmid types. In addition to the usual replication origins, selectable markers and multiple cloning sites (MCS), cassettes dedicated to counter-selection have been constructed. A pair of unique 8 bp restriction enzyme recognition sites flank each type of cassette, FseI in the case of yeast replication origins, AscI in the case of selectable markers, PacI in the case of counter-selectable markers and NotI in the case of the MCS. Thus, any given cassette can be replaced by another cassette of the same type, facilitating interconversion of any given plasmid from one type to another, even after the insertion of DNA into the MCS. Hence, the plasmids have been named pYC for 'yeast cassettes'. The cassettes consist of either NONE, CEN4/ARS or 2micro as replication origin, either URA3, MET2-CA (Lg-MET2) or the G418 resistance gene (the apt1 gene from bacterial transposon Tn903, encoding aminoglycoside phosphotransferase) as selectable markers, either NONE, PMET25-PKA3 or PCHA1-PKA3 as counter-selectable marker, and the MCS, containing recognition sites for AflII, AvrII, BspEI, PmeI, SacII, SalI, SunI, BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, MluI, NarI and SacI (of which the seven first are unique in all plasmids). The counter-selectable markers consist of the PKA3 gene under control of the conditional MET25 or CHA1 promoters. At activating conditions these promoters express the PKA3 gene at toxic levels, facilitating easy selection for loss of plasmid or 'loop-out' of plasmid DNA sequence after genomic integration.
Comparison of open-source cloud management platforms: OpenStack and OpenNebula (2012)

Cloud management platforms may manage the resources provided by the infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud. With the rapid development of open-source cloud platforms, they have been widely used due to open and free, some of them can substitute commercial clouds. Some existed related works only concisely compare the basic features of open-source platforms, and not including some new released features. In this paper, we firstly present the function of OpenStack and OpenNebula briefly, and then compare them from provenance, architecture, hypervisors, security and other angles in detail. Moreover, we provide some deployment recommendations according to different user demands and platform characteristics.
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure in patients with Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Of the AD subjects who were carefully screened to exclude those with clinical NPH, 4% had elevated CSFP. These subjects were presumed to have the AD-NPH syndrome and were withdrawn from the remainder of the study.
In vivo measurements of the wavelength dependence of tissue-scattering coefficients between 760 and 900 nm measured with time-resolved spectroscopy (1997)

We present in vivo values for the optical transport coefficients (mu(a), mu(s)?) of the adult human forearm, calf, and head from 760 to 900 nm measured with time-resolved spectroscopy. The accuracy of the method is tested with tissue-simulating phantoms. We obtain mu(s)?(lambda) approximately 1.1 - (5.1 x 10(-4) lambda) mm(-1) (forearm), 1.6 - (8.9 x 10(-4) lambda) mm(-1) (calf), and 1.45 - (6.5 x 10(-4) lambda) mm(-1) (head), where lambda is measured in nanometers. At 800 nm we obtain mu(a) = 0.023 +/- 0.004 mm(-1) (forearm), 0.017 +/- 0.005 mm(-1) (calf), and 0.016 +/- 0.001 mm(-1) (head). Our values differ substantially from published in vitro data. In particular, our transport coefficients for the adult head are substantially lower than previously reported values for adult human cerebral matter and pig skull cortical bone measured in vitro.
A Role for Prostaglandin E in Defective Insulin Secretion and Carbohydrate Intolerance in Diabetes Mellitus (1977)

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) infusion in normal humans inhibited acute insulin responses to a glucose (5 g i.v.) pulse (response before PGE(2) = 593 +/- 104%; during PGE(2) = 312+/-55%; mean+/-SE, mean change 3-5 min insulin,% basal, P < 0.005). This effect was associated with a decrease in glucose disappearance rates (K(G) before PGE(2) = 0.73+/-0.07; during PGE(2) = 0.49+/-0.06%/min, P < 0.025). Acute insulin responses to arginine (2 g i.v.) were not affected by PGE(2) (response before PGE(2) = 592+/-164%; during PGE(2) = 590+/-118%; P = NS). Infusion of sodium salicylate (SS), an inhibitor of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis, augmented acute insulin responses to glucose in normals (response before SS = 313+/-62%; during SS = 660+/-86%; P < 0.001). In adult-onset diabetes with fasting hyperglycemia, SS restored absent acute insulin responses to glucose (20 g i.v.) pulses (response before SS = 5+/-6%; during SS = 97+/-24%; P < 0.005). This was accompanied by a fourfold augmentation in second phase insulin secretion (second phase before SS = 1,696+/-430%; during SS = 5,176+/-682%; change 10-60 min insulin, muU/ml.min,% basal, P < 0.001) and by acceleration of glucose disappearance rates (K(G) before SS = 0.56+/-0.06; during SS = 1.02+/-0.17%/min, P < 0.005). These findings uniquely demonstrate that (a) PGE(2) inhibits glucose-induced acute insulin responses and decreases glucose disposal in nondiabetic humans and (b) SS restores acute insulin responses, augments second phase insulin secretion, and accelerates glucose disposal in hyperglycemic, adultonset diabetics. It is hypothesized that endogenous PGE synthesis may play a role in defective insulin secretion and glucose intolerance in diabetes mellitus.
[Inherited coagulation factor X deficiency caused by two novel mutations in factor X gene]. (2004)

The FX deficiency of the propositus is caused by double heterozygous mutations IVS1 + 1G-->A and Arg347His.
Cholecystokinin-A and Cholecystokinin-B/Gastrin Receptor mRNA Expression in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas of the Rat and Man: A Polymerase Chain Reaction Study (1996)

It appears unlikely that CCK will have effects in the ileum, at least not effects mediated by CCK-A receptors. It also appears unlikely that physiologic concentrations of gastrin in the circulation will promote growth (or exert other effects) in the pancreas, duodenum, ileum, and colon, since CCK-B receptor mRNA is not expressed or is poorly expressed in these tissues.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Health, Disease, and After Treatment (2007)

Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a broad‐spectrum multifunctional cytokine with mitogenic, motogenic, morphogenic, and antiapoptotic functions in various types of cells. It is secreted by mesenchymal cells, including gingival fibroblasts, and its expression is induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐1 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, which play a potential role in periodontal destruction. Hence, the present study was carried out to assess HGF's concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and to determine its association with periodontal disease progression. Methods: Sixty subjects (aged 29 to 39 years) were divided into three groups based on gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and radiographic evidence of bone loss: healthy (group I), gingivitis (group II), and chronic periodontitis (group III). The fourth group consisted of the 20 subjects in group III, from whom GCF samples were collected 6 to 8 weeks after scaling and root planing (SRP). The levels of HGF were estimated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Further, the correlation between HGF levels and clinical parameters in all groups and before and after treatment in periodontitis patients was analyzed. Results: The highest mean HGF concentration was observed for group III (26.28 ± 14.77 pg/μl), and the lowest mean concentration was observed for group I (13.99 ± 11.24 pg/μl). Following SRP, the mean HGF concentration decreased from 26.28 ± 14.77 pg/μl to 14.35 ± 13.96 pg/μl, which was statistically significant. Conclusions : HGF concentration increased proportionally with the progression of periodontal disease, and HGF concentrations showed a positive correlation with the clinical parameters, suggesting that HGF plays a key role in periodontal disease progression. Also, following non‐surgical periodontal therapy, the levels of HGF decrease significantly suggesting that HGF could be useful for monitoring the response to periodontal therapy.
Relationship between endo- and exopeptidases in a processing enzyme system: activation of an endoprotease by the aminopeptidase B-like activity in somatostatin-28 convertase. (1988)

The somatostatin-28 convertase activity involved in vitro in the processing of somatostatin-28 into the neuropeptides somatostatin-28-(1-12) and somatostatin-14 is composed of an endoprotease and a basic aminopeptidase. We report herein on the purification to apparent homogeneity of these two constituents and on their functional interrelationship. In particular we observed that after various physicochemical treatments, the 90-kDa endoprotease activity was recovered both at this molecular mass and as a 45-kDa entity. Moreover, the production of [Arg-2,Lys-1]somatostatin-14 from somatostatin-28 by the action of the endoprotease was activated in a cooperative manner by the aminopeptidase B-like enzyme. A 10-fold activation occurred when the exopeptidase was inhibited by 6.5 mM diisopropyl fluorophosphate and allowed the determination of a half-maximal activation constant (K1/2) of approximately equal to 13 nM. These observations strongly suggest that both enzymes act in a concerted manner in vitro and that they may form a complex in vivo.
Transforming growth factor‐β/Smad signalling in diabetic nephropathy (2011)

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major diabetic complication that is mediated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 via Smad-dependent and -independent signalling pathways. Under diabetic conditions, many profibrotic factors, such as advanced glycation end-products and angiotensin II, can also activate the Smad signalling pathway via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-Smad signalling cross-talk pathway. Thus, Smads act as signal integrators and interact with other signalling pathways to mediate DN. In the context of renal fibrosis, Smad3 is pathogenic, but Smad2 is protective. Deletion of Smad3 inhibits, whereas disruption of Smad2 upregulates, connective tissue growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor expression and promotes both epithelial-myofibroblast and endothelial-myofibroblast transition. Smad7 plays a protective role in DN because deletion of Smad7 enhances, whereas overexpression of Smad7 inhibits, Smad3-mediated renal fibrosis and nuclear factor-κB-driven renal inflammation. Transforming growth factor-β1 activates Smad3 to regulate microRNAs that mediate renal fibrosis. Of these, miR-21 and miR-192 are upregulated, whereas the miR-29 and miR-200 families are downregulated. Targeting downstream TGF-β/Smad signalling by overexpressing Smad7- or Smad3-dependent microRNA related to fibrosis may represent a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of DN.
Mechanism of laser ablation in an absorbing fluid field (1988)

Selection of a laser source for intravascular applications has frequently been predicated upon assumptions involving transmissibility in blood of the wavelength of light emitted by a given laser. Standard absorption curves for ultraviolet radiation in blood and infrared radiation in water would suggest that transmission of ultraviolet radiation through a blood field and infrared radiation through any aqueous fluid field would be insufficient for tissue ablation. The present series of experiments was undertaken to determine whether these theoretical predictions would in fact obviate the use of these wavelengths in a blood field. Specimens of normal human myocardium and/or polyvinylchloride were submerged under blood and water and irradiated with ultraviolet radiation (351 nm) delivered as a focused beam and via an optical fiber and infrared radiation (10,600 nm) delivered as a focused beam. Ablation of myocardium was successfully accomplished with a focused beam of both ultraviolet and infrared radiation under as much as 5 mm of blood and with ultraviolet radiation via an optical fiber with the fiber tip up to 3 mm distant from the tissue specimen. High-speed cine recordings of ablation carried out using a focused beam of laser radiation demonstrated that formation of a dynamic optical cavity is the basis for successful pulsed ultraviolet and infrared laser transanguineous tissue ablation. These results thus demonstrate that prediction of wavelength transmission through fluid media based on optical properties of a static fluid does not predict ability to accomplish ablation under dynamic circumstances of laser irradiation.
Enhancing ZRTP by Using Computational Puzzles (2008)

In this paper we present and discuss a new approach for securing mul- timedia communication, which is based on three innovations. The first innovation is the integration of a challenge-response scheme for enhancing the Diffie-Hellman based ZRTP protocol. When being called, a callee must present the result of a computational puzzle (a token) within a short amount of time. A Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) would not be able to compute such a token within the required time, and thus fail to get into the media path. The scheme works best in situations when ZRTP is most vulnerable to so-called Mafia Attacks, i.e., if both caller and callee do not know each other. The second innovation complements the first one on those occasions where the above scheme may fail. The call is delayed for a certain amount of time which depends on the agreed session key. Since during a MitM attack two different keys (and thus waiting times) exist, caller and callee would not start their call at the same time and the MitM attack would fail. The third innovation is in the definition of a new computational puzzle which forms the basis of the challenge-response scheme. We propose a computational puzzle which is based on computing selected eigenvectors of real symmetric matrices. In contrast to existing puzzles, the one we propose does not rely on a shared secret, can be validated quickly, and existing solution methods exhibit limited scalability so that the threat from attacks based on massively parallel computing resources can be controlled.