gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strong variable ultraviolet emission from y gem: accretion activity in an asymptotic giant branch star with a binary companion? (2011)

Binarity is believed to dramatically affect the history and geometry of mass loss in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and post-AGB stars, but observational evidence of binarity is sorely lacking. As part of a project to look for hot binary companions to cool AGB stars using the Galaxy Evolution Explorer archive, we have discovered a late-M star, Y Gem, to be a source of strong and variable UV emission. Y Gem is a prime example of the success of our technique of UV imaging of AGB stars in order to search for binary companions. Y Gem's large and variable UV flux makes it one of the most prominent examples of a late-AGB star with a mass accreting binary companion. The UV emission is most likely due to emission associated with accretion activity and a disk around a main-sequence companion star. The physical mechanism generating the UV emission is extremely energetic, with an integrated luminosity of a few × L_☉ at its peak. We also find weak CO J = 2-1 emission from Y Gem with a very narrow line profile (FWHM of 3.4 km s^–1). Such a narrow line is unlikely to arise in an outflow and is consistent with emission from an orbiting, molecular reservoir of radius 300 AU. Y Gem may be the progenitor of the class of post-AGB stars which are binaries and possess disks but no outflows.
Learning object categories from Google's image search (2005)

Current approaches to object category recognition require datasets of training images to be manually prepared, with varying degrees of supervision. We present an approach that can learn an object category from just its name, by utilizing the raw output of image search engines available on the Internet. We develop a new model, TSI-pLSA, which extends pLSA (as applied to visual words) to include spatial information in a translation and scale invariant manner. Our approach can handle the high intra-class variability and large proportion of unrelated images returned by search engines. We evaluate tire models on standard test sets, showing performance competitive with existing methods trained on hand prepared datasets
Characterization of N-linked oligosaccharides by electrospray and tandem mass spectrometry (1992)

Electrospray and tandem mass spectrometry are used to characterize underivatized oligosaccharides that have been digested from asparagine side chains of glycoproteins. Oligosaccharides that contain sialic acids were detected with the best sensitivity in the negative-ion detection mode whereas those that do not contain sialic acid were detected with the best sensitivity in the positive-ion detection mode. The positive-ion abundances of oligosaccharides were greatly enhanced in electrospray mass spectra by adding 10 mM sodium acetate or ammonium acetate to the sample solvent. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine primary structural features of the oligosaccharides. Methodology that has been developed on branched high-mannose, hybrid, and complex carbohydrate standards was applied to a mixture of oligosaccharides that were digested with N-glycanase from the glycoprotein, ovalbumin. The composition and relative abundances of individual oligosaccharides obtained from the electrospray mass spectrum compare favorably to those obtained by anion-exchange chromatography/pulsed amperometric detection and by gel permeation chromatography of the oligosaccharides after radiolabelling the reducing end of the carbohydrates. The oligosaccharide content of ovalbumin was independently determined from the heterogeneity observed in the electrospray mass spectrum of the intact 44-kDa glycoprotein. Comparison of the oligosaccharide compositions determined before and after enzymatic digestion shows a selective digestion of high-mannose and low molecular weight oligosaccharides by N-glycanase.
Photochemical Reaction between Tertiary Allylic Amines and Chromium Carbene Complexes:  Synthesis of Lactams via a Zwitterion Aza Cope Rearrangement (1996)

Photolysis of chromium carbene complexes in the presence of tertiary allylic amines resulted in a zwitterionic aza Cope rearrangement to produce unsaturated lactams in fair yield.
Randomly accessible, multilayered optical memory with a Bi_12SiO_20 crystal (1996)

A read-and-write, randomly accessible, multilayered optical memory with a Bi(12) SiO(20) crystal as the medium is demonstrated. Data are recorded in the crystal as an absorption change that is due to the photochromic effect. These data are successfully recorded, read, and selectively erased in five layers in the crystal. The axial-separation distance between neighboring layers is 30 μm, and the lateral distance between bits is 5 μm. Selective bit erasure of the data is accomplished by illumination of the recorded bit datum with He-Ne laser light. To our knowledge, this is the first successful demonstration of the selective optical erasure of the photochromic effect in a BSO crystal.
Identification of epithelial cell adhesion molecule autoantibody in patients with ovarian cancer. (2003)

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) exhibited an ovarian cancer:normal human ovarian surface epithelium ratio of 444. For validation studies, real-time quantitative PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed in normal and malignant ovarian epithelial cell lines and tissues. To evaluate the potential of the Ep-CAM autoantibody as a tumor marker, we examined the amount of Ep-CAM autoantibody in serum samples obtained from ovarian cancer patients and normal controls by an ELISA. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed significant overexpression of Ep-CAM mRNA in cancer cell lines (P < 0.001) and microdissected cancer tissues (P < 0.05), compared with that in cultured normal human ovarian surface epithelium and microdissected germinal epithelium, respectively. Immunolocalization of the Ep-CAM autoantibody showed that the sera of ovarian cancer patients expressed higher levels of Ep-CAM autoantibody than benign tumor patients and normal controls (P < 0.05). The levels of Ep-CAM autoantibody found were as follows: 0.132 in 52 patients with ovarian cancer, 0.098 in 26 cases with benign gynecologic disease, and 0.090 in 26 normal women. This investigation has shown that the Ep-CAM autoantibody was found to be associated with ovarian cancer and suggested that future research assessing its clinical usefulness would be worthwhile.
Evolutionary and immunological implications of contemporary HIV-1 variation (2001)

Evolutionary modelling studies indicate less than a century has passed since the most recent common ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains and, in that time frame, an extraordinarily diverse viral population has developed. HIV-1 employs a multitude of schemes to generate variants: accumulation of base substitutions, insertions and deletions, addition and loss of glycosylation sites in the envelope protein, and recombination. A comparison between HIV and influenza virus illustrates the extraordinary scale of HIV variation, and underscores the importance of exploring innovative HIV vaccine strategies. Deeper understanding of the implications of variation for both antibody and T-cell responses may help in the effort to rationally design vaccines that stimulate broad cross-reactivity. The impact of HIV-1 variation on host immune response is reviewed in this context.
Mechanisms of ras mutation in myelodysplastic syndrome. (1989)

Using synthetic oligonucleotide hybridization, we have found a ras mutation in 11 of 27 patients (41%) with primary or non-therapy related myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This high incidence of mutation, mainly of the N-ras oncogene, was generally found in patients with disease progression to acute leukemia (8 of 11 patients = 73%). Two general mechanisms of ras mutation were found. In five patients the ras mutation was present in only a fraction of the cells; sometimes appearing in late stages of the disease, suggesting that it can occur in a differentiated cell clone. In six other patients, the ras mutation was present in the great majority of bone marrow or blood cells. The mutation was detected in mature normal lymphocytes and persisted following a complete clinical remission in two of these patients, implying that the ras mutation can occur in an early stage of cell differentiation or stem cell. Patients with a ras mutation had a median survival of nine months (all patients dead) compared to 16 patients without a ras mutation that had a median follow-up of 16 months (10 patients alive; P less than 0.005). Since 9 of the 11 patients (82%) with a ras mutation were found to have an abnormal monocytic component at diagnosis or during disease evolution, it is possible that in myeloid disorders a ras mutation is preferentially associated with myelomonocytic cell differentiation.
Low electric field breakdown of thin SiO/sub 2/ films under static and dynamic stress (1997)

A comprehensive study of Time-Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB) of 6.5-, 9-, 15-, and 22-nm SiO/sub 2/ films under dc and pulsed bias has been conducted over a wide range of electric fields and temperatures. Very high temperatures were used at the wafer level to accelerate breakdown so tests could be conducted at electric fields as low as 4.5 MV/cm. New observations are reported for TDDB that suggest a consistent electric field and temperature dependence for intrinsic breakdown and a changing breakdown mechanism as a function of electric field. The results show that the logarithm of the median-test-time-to failure, log (t/sub 50/), is described by a linear electric field dependence with a field acceleration parameter that is not dependent on temperature. It has a value of approximately 1 decade/MV/cm for the range of oxide thicknesses studied and shows a slight decreasing trend with decreasing oxide thickness. The thermal activation E/sub a/ ranged between 0.7 and 0.95 eV for electric fields below 9.0 MV/cm for all oxide thicknesses. TDDB tests conducted under pulsed bias indicate that increased dielectric lifetime is observed under unipolar and bipolar pulsed stress conditions, but diminishes as the stress electric field and oxide thickness are reduced. This observation provides new evidence that low electric field aging and breakdown is not dominated by charge generation and trapping.
Is kidney ischemia the central mechanism in parallel activation of the renin and sympathetic system? (2009)

In chronic kidney disease simultaneous activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic systems occurs. Kidney ischemia seems to play a key role in the pathogenesis. This review firstly summarizes experimental and clinical evidence in chronic kidney disease supporting this idea and addresses the possibility that this mechanism is also relevant in some other disease conditions.
Differential privacy under fire (2011)

Anonymizing private data before release is not enough to reliably protect privacy, as Netflix and AOL have learned to their cost. Recent research on differential privacy opens a way to obtain robust, provable privacy guarantees, and systems like PINQ and Airavat now offer convenient frameworks for processing arbitrary userspecified queries in a differentially private way. However, these systems are vulnerable to a variety of covertchannel attacks that can be exploited by an adversarial querier. We describe several different kinds of attacks, all feasible in PINQ and some in Airavat. We discuss the space of possible countermeasures, and we present a detailed design for one specific solution, based on a new primitive we call predictable transactions and a simple differentially private programming language. Our evaluation, which relies on a proof-of-concept implementation based on the Caml Light runtime, shows that our design is effective against remotely exploitable covert channels, at the expense of a higher query completion time. 1
Synthetic peptides reactive with anti-human milk fat globule membrane monoclonal antibodies. (1990)

Mammary mucins are increased in amounts in breast cancer patient sera, and most anti-breast cancer antibodies react with such mucins. One such mucin is found in human milk fat globule membrane and consists predominantly of O-linked sugars and a protein core. Partial complementary DNA clones for the protein core have recently been obtained. The nucleotide sequence is of interest as it contains a 60-base pair repeat, giving rise to a repeated 20-amino acid sequence (PDTRPAPGSTAPPAHGVTSA). Peptides with various lengths were synthesized using this sequence and the adjacent 4 amino acids (PDTR). Three anti-human milk fat globule membrane antibodies produced in our laboratory (BC1, BC2, and BC3) were tested to determine their reactivity with these synthetic peptides. Using three different assays (direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test on peptides, direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test on bovine serum albumin-conjugated peptides, and an inhibition test with the peptides in liquid, rather than solid phase), it was shown that APDTR was the minimum amino acid sequence required to form a reactive epitope with all 3 antibodies, although individual differences in the reactivities of the antibodies were noted. The addition of alanine (A) converted a nonreactive PDTR peptide to a reactive one, and the deletion of arginine (R) did the reverse; thus APDTR is the smallest peptide which reacts with these anti-human milk fat globule membrane antibodies.
Changing Incidence of Out-of-Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation, 1980-2000 (2002)

We observed a major decline in the incidence of out-of-hospital VF and in all cases of treated cardiac arrest presumably due to heart disease in Seattle. These changes likely reflect the national decline in coronary heart disease mortality.
ALCOHOL AND CANCER (2004)

Epidemiological data have identified chronic alcohol consumption as a significant risk factor for upper alimentary tract cancer, including cancer of the oropharynx, larynx and the oesophagus and of the liver. The increased risk attributable to alcohol consumption of cancer in the large intestine and in the breast is much smaller. However, although the risk is lower, carcinogenesis can be enhanced with relatively low daily doses of ethanol. Considering the high prevalence of these tumours, even a small increase in cancer risk is of great importance, especially in those individuals who exhibit a higher risk for other reasons. The epidemiological data on alcohol and other organ cancers is controversial and there is at present not enough evidence for a significant association. Although the exact mechanisms by which chronic alcohol ingestion stimulates carcinogenesis are not known, experimental studies in animals support the concept that ethanol is not a carcinogen but under certain experimental conditions is a cocarcinogen and/or tumour promoter. The metabolism of ethanol leads to the generation of acetaldehyde (AA) and free radicals. Evidence has accumulated that acetaldehyde is predominantly responsible for alcohol associated carcinogenesis. Acetaldehyde is carcinogenic and mutagenic, binds to DNA and proteins, destructs folate and results in secondary hyperproliferation. Acetaldehyde is produced by tissue alcohol hydrogenases, cytochrome P 4502E1 and through bacterial oxidative metabolism in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Its generation or its degradation is modulated due to functional polymorphisms of the genes coding for the enzymes. Acetaldehyde can also be produced by oral and faecal bacteria. Smoking, which changes the oral bacterial flora, and poor oral hygiene also increase acetaldehyde. In addition, cigarette smoking and some alcoholic beverages such as calvados contain acetaldehyde. Other mechanisms by which alcohol stimulates carcinogenesis include the induction of cytochrome P-4502E1, which is associated with an enhanced production of free radicals and enhanced activation of various procarcinogens present in alcoholic beverages; in association with tobacco smoke and in diets, a change in the metabolism and distribution of carcinogens; alterations in cell cycle behaviour such as cell cycle duration leading to hyperproliferation; nutritional deficiencies, such as methyl-, vitamin E-, folate-, pyridoxal phosphate-, zinc- and selenium deficiencies and alterations of the immune system eventually resulting in an increased susceptibility to certain virus infections such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In addition, local mechanisms may be of particular importance. Such mechanisms lead to tissue injury such as cirrhosis of the liver, a major prerequisite for hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, an alcohol-mediated increase in oestradiols may be at least in part responsible for breast cancer risk. Thus, all these mechanisms functioning in concert actively modulate carcinogenesis leading to its stimulation.
Acute Stroke Therapy by Inhibition of Neutrophils (ASTIN) (2003)

UK-279,276 did not improve recovery in acute ischemic stroke patients but was devoid of serious side effects. The adaptive design facilitated early termination for futility.
Oral class III antiarrhythmics: what is new? (2003)

Management of arrhythmias in patients with structural heart disease remains a challenge. Class III antiarrhythmics are the mainstay of treatment in this group of patients.
In Vivo Biological Effects of Recombinant Soluble lnterleukin-4 Receptor (1994)

We investigated the role of soluble interleukin-4 receptor (sIL-4R) as a regulator of IL-4 mediated activities in vivo. Administration of recombinant sIL-4R to mice resulted in (i) prolonged survival of heterotopic cardiac allografts; (ii) decreased popliteal lymph node enlargement in response to allogeneic cells; and (iii) inhibition of IgE secretion in response to anti-IgD treatment. Transgenic mice constitutively expressing elevated levels of biologically active sIL-4R displayed prolonged cardiac allograft survival compared with control animals. However the sIL-4R transgenic mice were capable of mounting normal antigen-specific IgE responses despite the presence in serum of up to 3 micrograms/ml sIL-4R. Surprisingly, coadministration of IL-4/sIL-4R or IL-4/anti-IL-4 mAb complexes caused a superinduction of IgE secretion in anti-IgD-treated normal mice and subsequently in other IL-4-dependent biological activities. Thus, recombinant sIL-4R can not only antagonize functions mediated by endogenous IL-4, but also potentiate the biological activity of exogenously administered IL-4. These dual roles may have possible clinical implications for the recombinant molecule, as well as for natural sIL-4R immunoregulation.
Sulfotransferase molecular biology: cDNAs and genes (1997)

Sulfotransferase (ST) enzymes cata‐lyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neu‐rotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These reactions result in enhanced renal excretion of the sulfate‐conjugated reaction products, but they can also lead to the formation of “bioactivated” metabolites. ST enzymes are members of an emerging gene superfamily that presently includes phenol ST (PST), hydroxysteroid ST (HSST), and, in plants, flavonol ST (FST) “families,” members of which share at least 45% amino acid sequence iden‐tity. These families can be further subdivided into “subfamilies” that are at least 60% identical in amino acid sequence. For example, the PST family includes both PST and estrogen ST (EST) subfamilies. Amino acid sequence motifs exist within ST enzymes that are conserved throughout phylogeny. These signature sequences may be involved in the binding of 3 ‘‐phosphoadenosine‐5 ‘‐phosphosulfate, the cosubstrate for the sulfonation reaction. There are presently five known human cytosolic ST en‐zymes: an EST, an HSST, and three PSTs. cDNAs and genes for all of these enzymes have been cloned, and chromosomal localizations have been reported for all five genes. Genes for these human enzymes, as well as those of other mammalian cytosolic ST enzymes that have been cloned, show a high degree of structural homology, with conservation of the lo‐cations of most intron/exon splice junctions. Human ST enzyme expression varies among individuals. Functionally significant genetic polymorphisms for ST enzymes in humans have been reported, and other molecular genetic mechanisms that might be involved in the regulation of the expression of these enzymes are being explored. Knowledge of the mo‐lecular biology of cytosolic ST enzymes, when placed within a context provided by decades of biochemical research, promises to significantly enhance our understanding of the regulation of the sulfate conjugation of hormones, neurotransmitters, and drugs.—Weinshilboum, R. M., Otterness, D. M., Aksoy, I. A., Wood, T. C., Her, C., Rafto‐ gianis, R. B. Sulfotransferase molecular biology: cDNAs and genes. FASEB J. 11, 3‐14 (1997)
Compilation of transcription regulating proteins (1988)

Journal Article Compilation of transcription regulating proteins Get access Edgar Wingender Edgar Wingender Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbHMascheroder Weg 1, D-3300 Braunschweig, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 5, 11 March 1988, Pages 1879–1902, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.5.1879 Published: 11 March 1988 Article history Received: 28 November 1987 Revision received: 28 January 1988 Accepted: 28 January 1988 Published: 11 March 1988
Neuronal uptake of plasma proteins after transient cerebral ischemia/hypoxia (1993)

Rapid uptake of plasma proteins into damaged neurons has been demonstrated previously after lesions which cause early breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The present study was undertaken to see whether a similar uptake occurred after hypoxic/ischemic episodes in men and experimental animals. Forebrain ischemia was produced in rats by a combination of carotid clamping and hypotension for 15 min, followed by recirculation for 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 5 d. Paraffin sections from the brains were incubated with antiserum against albumin, and parallel sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E). Breakdown of the BBB with extravasation of albumin was seen after 6 h in the lateral reticular nucleus of the thalamus, the dorsolateral striatum, and in restricted areas of the cerebral cortex. Uptake of albumin into damaged neurons was seen in the same structures, and partly before reliable changes were observed in routinely stained sections. With longer survival periods, the staining of the neuropil became stronger and more neurons in the damaged areas were positively labeled. After 48 h and 5 d many neurons in the hippocampal sector CA1 had also taken up plasma proteins. A similar uptake of plasma proteins into damaged neurons was seen in brains from patients with histological evidence of hypoxic injury. Even the small leakage of proteins that occurs after hypoxic/ischemic lesions is thus sufficient to give a definite immunostaining of damaged neurons.
Finite-Element Analysis of Unbalanced Magnetic Pull in a Large Hydro-Generator Under Practical Operations (2008)

The rotor eccentricity of a large hydro-generator could cause a huge radial magnetic force, known as an unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP), exerting on the rotor. In this paper, Maxwell stress tensor (MST) method is used to compute the UMP based on the 2-D finite-element (FE) calculation, and the accuracy of UMP FE calculations is investigated. This paper presents a new method for the FE calculation of UMP due to rotor eccentricity in large hydro-generators. This method significantly overcomes difficulties of loading over thousand current sources for the UMP FE calculation of large hydro-generators with hundred stator slots operating under loads. In this paper, the UMP on a 240 MW, 88 poles, 720-slot hydro-generator, for various degrees of rotor eccentricity, are calculated and compared for operations with no load, half rated, and rated load. Also, the UMP on this hydro-generator is calculated when the rotor windings are subjected to a short-circuited fault condition. The method proposed in this paper was successfully used to study the vibration of Three-Gorge generation units in China.