gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Dendritic Cells Are Activated by Chimeric Human Papillomavirus Type-16 Virus-Like Particles and Induce Epitope-Specific Human T Cell Responses In Vitro (2001)

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-derived chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs) are the leading candidate vaccine for the treatment or prevention of cervical cancer in humans. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent inducers of immune responses and here we show for the first time evidence for binding of chimeric HPV-16 VLPs to human peripheral blood-derived DCS: Incubation of immature human DCs with VLPs for 48 h induced a significant up-regulation of the CD80 and CD83 molecules as well as secretion of IL-12. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that cell surface-bound chimeric VLPs were taken up by DCS: Moreover, DCs loaded with chimeric HPV-16 L1L2-E7 VLPs induced an HLA-*0201-restricted human T cell response in vitro specific for E7-derived peptides. These results clearly demonstrate that immature human DCs are fully activated by chimeric HPV-16 VLPs and subsequently are capable of inducing endogenously processed epitope-specific human T cell responses in vitro. Overall, these findings could explain the high immunogenicity and efficiency of VLPs as vaccines.
DNA Polymerase-Mediated DNA Synthesis on a TNA Template (2002)

TNA, or threose nucleic acid, is capable of Watson-Crick base pairing with DNA, RNA, and TNA; coupled with its chemical simplicity, this suggests that TNA is a possible progenitor of RNA. As an initial step toward developing the molecular tools necessary to investigate the functional capabilities of TNA by in vitro selection, we have screened a variety of DNA polymerases for activity on a TNA template. We report that despite having a repeating unit that is one atom shorter than that of DNA, several polymerases showed surprisingly good ability to copy limited stretches of TNA.
Electronic compensation of PMD and chromatic dispersionwithan IC in 10 Gbit/s transmission system (2000)

A system experiment is reported in which polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) and chromatic dispersion (CD) compensation was achieved using an SiGe IC linear equaliser, with a transmission rate of 10 Gbit/s over 95 km of standard singlemode fibre (DL = 1600 ps/nm). Full equalisation was obtained, with a differential group delay (DGD) of &lt; 65 ps and a penalty reduction to 3.4 dB for DGD = 100 ps.
DIGITALIZED SIGNATURES AND PUBLIC-KEY FUNCTIONS AS INTRACTABLE AS FACTORIZATION (1979)

We introduce a new class of public-key functions involving a number n = p.q having two large prime factors. As usual, the key n is public, while p and q are the private key used by the issuer for production of signatures and function inversion. These functions can be used for all the applications involving public-key functions, including digitalized signatures. We prove that for any given n, if we can invert the function y = E sub n(x) for even a small percentage of the values y then we can factor n. Thus as long as factorization of large numbers remains practically intractable, for appropriately chosen keys not even a small percentage of signatures are forgerable. Breaking the RSA function is at most as hard as factorization, but is not known to be equivalent to factorization even in the weak sense that ability to invert all function values entails ability to factor the key. Computation time for these functions, i.e., signature verification, is several hundred times faster than for the RSA scheme. Inversion time, using the private key, is comparable. The almost-everywhere intractability of signature-forgery for our functions (on the assumption that factoring is intractable) is of great practical significance and seems to be the first proved result of this kind.
Single Cell Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cells: Transcriptional Heterogeneity and Diversity from Breast Cancer Cell Lines (2012)

For the first time, we directly measured high dimensional gene expression in individual CTCs without the common practice of pooling such cells. Elevated transcript levels of genes associated with metastasis NPTN, S100A4, S100A9, and with epithelial mesenchymal transition: VIM, TGFß1, ZEB2, FOXC1, CXCR4, were striking compared to cell lines. Our findings demonstrate that profiling CTCs on a cell-by-cell basis is possible and may facilitate the application of 'liquid biopsies' to better model drug discovery.
Critical review of hydrolysis of organic compounds in water under environmental conditions (1978)

This review examines the rate constants for hydrolysis in water of 12 classes of organic compounds with the objective of using these data to estimate the persistence of these compounds in freshwater acquatic systems. Primary data were obtained by literature review through most of 1975 and some of 1976. These data, which include values for acid, base, and water promoted rate constants (kA, kB, kN) and temperature coefficients are presented in 18 tables in section 4. Estimated rate constants for hydrolysis under environmental conditions are presented in 13 tables in section 5, including rate constants at 298 K and pH 7 for acid, base, and water promoted reactions together with values for the estimated rate constant (kh) and the half-life (t1/2).
The Use of Coded PCR Primers Enables High-Throughput Sequencing of Multiple Homolog Amplification Products by 454 Parallel Sequencing (2007)

We demonstrate that this new approach enables the assignment of virtually all the generated DNA sequences to the correct source once sequencing anomalies are accounted for (miss-assignment rate<0.4%). Therefore, the method enables accurate sequencing and assignment of homologous DNA sequences from multiple sources in single high-throughput GS20 run. We observe a bias in the distribution of the differently tagged primers that is dependent on the 5' nucleotide of the tag. In particular, primers 5' labelled with a cytosine are heavily overrepresented among the final sequences, while those 5' labelled with a thymine are strongly underrepresented. A weaker bias also exists with regards to the distribution of the sequences as sorted by the second nucleotide of the dinucleotide tags. As the results are based on a single GS20 run, the general applicability of the approach requires confirmation. However, our experiments demonstrate that 5'primer tagging is a useful method in which the sequencing power of the GS20 can be applied to PCR-based assays of multiple homologous PCR products. The new approach will be of value to a broad range of research areas, such as those of comparative genomics, complete mitochondrial analyses, population genetics, and phylogenetics.
GaInNAsSb/GaNAs VCSELs at 1.46μm (2004)

We present electrically pumped GaInNAsSb VCSELs at 1.46µm, the longest wavelength on GaAs to date. At -20C, pulsed at 0.1% duty cycle, the threshold current density was 4.5kA/cm2, with a peak output power of 0.77mW.
Synthesis of photolabile precursors of amino acid neurotransmitters (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of photolabile precursors of amino acid neurotransmittersMary Wilcox, Randall W. Viola, Katherine W. Johnson, Andrew P. Billington, Barry K. Carpenter, James A. McCray, Anthony P. Guzikowski, and George P. HessCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 5, 1585–1589Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00292a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00292a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1503Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Focal Radiation Therapy Combined with 4-1BB Activation and CTLA-4 Blockade Yields Long-Term Survival and a Protective Antigen-Specific Memory Response in a Murine Glioma Model (2014)

Combination therapy with 4-1BB activation and CTLA-4 blockade in the setting of focal radiation therapy improves survival in an orthotopic mouse model of glioma by a CD4+ T cell dependent mechanism and generates antigen-specific memory.
Preparation of highly functionalized alkylzinc halides from alkyl bromides using Mg, ZnCl2 and LiCl (2010)

Alkyl bromides bearing various functional groups are smoothly converted to functionalized alkylzinc reagents by the direct insertion of magnesium in the presence of LiCl and ZnCl(2).
Low-Molecular-Weight Peptides Derived from Extracellular Matrix as Chemoattractants for Primary Endothelial Cells (2004)

The development of synthetic and naturally occurring scaffolds for tissue engineering applications has included strategies to promote attachment of specific cell types, control the rate of scaffold degradation, encourage angiogenesis, or otherwise modulate the host response. We have reported that bioscaffolds developed from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) facilitate the constructive remodeling of tissues and recruit marrow-derived cells that persist long after the acute inflammatory stages have resolved. We have not yet determined which cells are recruited, the eventual fate of these cells, or via what mechanisms the events occur. We now have analyzed various molecular weight fractions of acid-hydrolyzed SIS by both functional and morphologic methods and have determined that fraction 4 (5 to 16 kDa) possesses chemoattractant activity for primary murine adult liver, heart, and kidney endothelial cells in vitro. Addition of fraction 4 to Matrigel plugs promoted in vivo vascularization when the plugs were implanted subcutaneously in mice. These results indicate that small-molecular-weight peptides derived from the degradation of porcine SIS are biologically active in the recruitment of murine endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo.
New insights into structural features and optimal detection of circulating tumor DNA determined by single-strand DNA analysis (2018)

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has received increasing interest as an apparent breakthrough approach in diagnostics, personalized medicine, and tumor biology. However, the structural features of cfDNA are poorly characterized. Specifically, the literature has discrepancies with regards to cfDNA size profile. We performed a blinded study of the distribution of cfDNA fragment sizes in cancer patient plasma (<i>n</i> = 11), by various ultra-deep-sequencing approaches and quantitative PCR (Q-PCR). Whole-genome sequencing of single-stranded DNA library preparation (SSP-S) revealed that nearly half of the total cfDNA fragment number are below 120 nucleotides, which are not readily detectable by standard double-stranded DNA library preparation (DSP) protocols. Fractional size distribution of cancer patient circulating DNA was very similar using both SSP-S-based or Q-PCR-based methods also revealing that high molecular weight (over 350 bp) cfDNA is a minor component (~2%). These extra small detected cfDNA fragments may mostly result from nicks occurring in blood circulation in one or both DNA strands, which are subsequently revealed through the denaturation step of the SSP and Q-PCR procedures. Detailed analysis of the data suggested that most of the detectable cfDNA in blood has a nucleosome footprint (∼10-bp periodicity repeats). The nucleosome is thus the most stabilizing structure of DNA in the circulation. cfDNA molecules, which are initially packed in chromatin, are released from cells and are then dynamically degraded in blood both within and between nucleosomes or transcription factor-associated subcomplexes. While this study provides new insights into cfDNA size profiles harmonizing sequencing and Q-PCR findings, our data validate the use of a specific Q-PCR method and SSP-S for obtaining an optimal qualitative and quantitative analytical signal.
Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Paraoxonase 1 Gene with the Risk and Prognosis of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer in Chinese Han Population (2012)

The Q192R polymorphism of the PON1 gene may be associated with the risk and prognosis of NSCLC in a Chinese Han population.
The Refractive Group (1997)

Spherocylindrical optical elements can be decomposed into a sphere-equivalent component and two cross-cylinder components, oriented at 45 degrees to one another. These components in turn can be represented with a simple matrix formalism. This matrix formalism allows it to be seen that the components also form members of an eight element group, designated the refractive group. The structure of this group is developed including its algebra and its representation with Cayley diagrams. The group is identified as the eight element dihedral group, D4, and is compared to another well-known eight element group, the quaternion group. An example is given using the group formal algebra to develop the transfer equations for spherocylindrical wavefronts. Certain properties of propagating spherocylindrical wavefronts, such as nonrotation of cylinder axes, are seen to come directly as consequences of the group properties.
New biometrics-acquisition method using time-of-flight depth camera (2011)

This paper introduces basic concept of biometrics acquisition method using time-of-flight (ToF) depth camera, taking the advantages of obtaining 3D data and near infrared (NIR) image simultaneously. This concept can be applied to various biometrics, such as touch-less or multimodal biometrics.
Porcine respiratory coronavirus differs from transmissible gastroenteritis virus by a few genomic deletions (1990)

The genome organization of porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), a newly recognized agent which has a close antigenic relationship to the enteropathogenic transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), was studied. Genomic RNA from cell-cultured PRCV (French isolate RM4) was used to produce cDNA clones covering the genomic 3' end to the start of the spike (S) glycoprotein gene (7519 nucleotides). Six open reading frames (ORFs) were identified that allowed the translation of three coronavirus structural proteins and three putative non-structural (NS) polypeptides, homologous to TGEV ORFs designated NS3-1, NS4 and NS7. Pairwise alignment of PRCV nucleotide and amino acid sequences with sequence data available for three TGEV strains revealed a 96% overall homology. However, the genome of PRCV exhibited two important distinctive features. The first was that the S gene lacked 672 nucleotides in the 5' region and encoded a truncated form of the S polypeptide, and secondly, the first NS ORF downstream of the S gene was predicted to be non-functional as a consequence of a double deletion. The significance of genomic deletions with respect to tissue tropism and evolution of coronaviruses is discussed.
[Studies on the alkaloids of Cephalotaxus. VII. Structures and semi-synthesis of two anticancer cephalotaxine esters]. (1992)

Two new alkaloids, namely neoharringtonine (1) and anhydroharringtonine (2) with significant antileukemic activity were isolated from Cephalotaxus fortunei Hook f.. Their structures have been established by spectral analyses and semi-synthesis. Seven known alkaloids, deoxyharringtonine (3), isoharringtonine (4), isocephalotaxinone (5), acetylcephalotaxine (6), cephalotaxine (7), harringtonine (8) and homoharringtonine (9), were also isolated and identified.
Broadband and WDM dispersion compensation usingchirpedsampled fibre Bragg gratings (1995)

Chirped sampled fibre Bragg gratings have a dispersion that repeats itself periodically, and can thus be used for dispersion compensation over a broad bandwidth, or for multiple channels in WDM systems. The authors demonstrate dispersion compensation at two different wavelengths with such a grating in a 240 km fibre link using a 10 Gbit/s externally modulated laser source.
A Simple Synthesis of 1-Acyl-3-aryl-3H-pyrrolo[2′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[6,1-b]benzothiazol-6-ium-2-olates: Betainic Derivatives of a Novel Heterocyclic System (2002)

The title compounds were obtained by acylation of 5-amino-1-aryl-4-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-pyrrolones with 3-fold excess of acid chlorides. Starting pyrrolones were prepared in high yields by alkylation of 2-benzothiazoleacetonitrile with chloroacetic acid anilides. An X-ray crystallographic study of 1-benzoyl-3,5-diphenyl-3H-pyrrolo[2′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[6,1-b]benzo­thiazole-6-ium-2-olate was carried out to confirm the structure of title compounds unambiguously. The charge distribution in the obtained betaines was discussed.
Human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene: molecular characterization of its two mRNA species (1984)

Two cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) mRNAs of about 0.7 and 0.9 kilobases (Kb.) were previously found in a variety of human cells. The two SOD-1 mRNAs are transcribed from the same gene and the major 0.7 Kb. species is approximately four times more abundant than the minor 0.9 Kb. mRNA. These two mRNAs differ in the length of their 3'-untranslated region and both have multiple 5'-ends. The longer transcript contains 222 additional nucleotides beyond the 3'-polyadenylated terminus of the short mRNA. S1 nuclease mapping and sequence analysis showed that these extra 222 nucleotides are specified by sequences contiguous to those shared by the two SOD-1 mRNAs. The 5'-termini of the two SOD-1 mRNAs were identified and mapped by both primer extension and S1 mapping. The majority of SOD-1 mRNA molecules (90-95%) have a 5'-start site located 23 base pairs (b.p.) downstream of the hexanucleotide -TATAAA-. The rest of the SOD-1 mRNA molecules have 5'-termini 30, 50 and 65 b.p. upstream from the major start region.
Herpes Simplex Virus ICP0 and ICP34.5 Counteract Distinct Interferon-Induced Barriers to Virus Replication (2002)

Interferon inhibits virus replication through multiple mechanisms. Here we show that herpes simplex virus proteins ICP0 and ICP34.5 overcome interferon-induced barriers to viral transcription and translation, respectively. These cytokine-induced antiviral mechanisms are differentially expressed in established cell lines: U2OS cells do not mount the IFN-induced mechanism targeted by ICP0, and Vero cells may be defective for the mechanism targeted by ICP34.5.
Subtyping lymphocytes in peripheral blood by immunoperoxidase labeling and light scatter/absorption flow cytometry. (1985)

Lymphocyte subpopulations in a whole-blood sample can be detected by adapting mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) labeling to a flow cytometer equipped with a tungsten-halogen light source and scatter/absorption optics (Technicon H6000). In the optimized cytochemical conditions each cell population generates a distinct, well-separated cluster, for accurate "thresholding" of the surface-antigen negative and positive lymphocyte populations in the presence of other leukocytes. After reaction with MAb, the erythrocytes are lysed, and the lymphocytes and other leukocytes are fixed. Biotinylated anti-mouse IgG, used as a bridge, amplifies the response from the avidin-peroxidase label. Granulocytes and monocytes, which have high endogenous peroxidase activity, and the labeled lymphocytes are stained in a specific amount of hydrogen peroxide plus 4-chloro-1-naphthol in 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine-ethanesulfonic acid buffer. Accuracy and precision are equivalent to those of flow cytometers that measure immunofluorescence (e.g., Ortho Spectrum III), as demonstrated with OKT3, OKT4, OKT8, OKT11, and Leu 12 MAbs.
Joint Graph Decomposition & Node Labeling: Problem, Algorithms, Applications (2017)

We state a combinatorial optimization problem whose feasible solutions define both a decomposition and a node labeling of a given graph. This problem offers a common mathematical abstraction of seemingly unrelated computer vision tasks, including instance-separating semantic segmentation, articulated human body pose estimation and multiple object tracking. Conceptually, it generalizes the unconstrained integer quadratic program and the minimum cost lifted multicut problem, both of which are NP-hard. In order to find feasible solutions efficiently, we define two local search algorithms that converge monotonously to a local optimum, offering a feasible solution at any time. To demonstrate the effectiveness of these algorithms in tackling computer vision tasks, we apply them to instances of the problem that we construct from published data, using published algorithms. We report state-of-the-art application-specific accuracy in the three above-mentioned applications.
Real-Time Optical Coherence Tomography of the Anterior Segment at 1310 nm (2001)

Our results suggest that real-time OCT has potential applications in glaucoma evaluation and refractive surgery.
A feedback control system for high-fidelity digital microfluidics (2010)

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a technique in which discrete droplets are manipulated by applying electrical fields to an array of electrodes. In an ideal DMF system, each application of driving potential would cause a targeted droplet to move onto an energized electrode (i.e., perfect fidelity between driving voltage and actuation); however, in real systems, droplets are sometimes observed to resist movement onto particular electrodes. Here, we implement a sensing and feedback control system in which all droplet movements are monitored, such that when a movement failure is observed, additional driving voltages can be applied until the droplet completes the desired operation. The new system was evaluated for a series of liquids including water, methanol, and cell culture medium containing fetal bovine serum, and feedback control was observed to result in dramatic improvements in droplet actuation fidelity and velocity. The utility of the new system was validated by implementing an enzyme kinetics assay with continuous mixing. The new platform for digital microfluidics is simple and inexpensive and thus should be useful for scientists and engineers who are developing automated analysis platforms.
Methylpolysiloxanes1 (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethylpolysiloxanes1Winton Patnode and Donald F. WilcockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 3, 358–363Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01207a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01207a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1433Altmetric-Citations333LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts