gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and modeling of time intervals between rain rate exceedances in the context of fade dynamics (1991)

Using a 49 year point rainfall rate databank the authors present the analysis and statistical modeling of the interval of time between exceedances of rainfall rate thresholds within the context of rain fade dynamics and system availability. The study distinguishes between successive exceedances occurring at different rain events. The global study of both return periods or intervals is also presented together with a comparison with the statistics of durations of exceedances. A comparative study is presented with published results, both on rain and on fade after conversion to point rain rate, together with the dependence of the annual average number of return periods upon the rainfall rate thresholds.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Triptolide attenuates oxidative stress, NF-κB activation and multiple cytokine gene expression in murine peritoneal macrophage (2006)

Triptolide is a natural, biologically active compound extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium Wilfordii hook, that possesses potent immunosuppressive properties. In the course of our study, we examined the effects of triptolide on stimulated murine macrophages and demonstrated that triptolide inhibited superoxide anion production, NO production, and the expression of iNOS mRNA and the mRNA of some key inflammation-related cytokines, namely TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma. This inhibition was accompanied by the inhibition of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB activation. We further developed a mathematical model to simulate interplay between triptolide, ROS, NF-kappaB, iNOS and related cytokines. Our results suggest that triptolide acts to regulate inflammation through NF-kappaB-mediated inhibition of inflammation-related cytokines and the production of superoxide anion and NO.
Evaluation of Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Indexes Obtained From Minimal Model Analysis of a Meal Tolerance Test (2004)

Modeling analysis of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide following a meal has been proposed as a means to estimate insulin sensitivity (S(i)) and beta-cell function from a single test. We compared the model-derived meal indexes with analogous indexes obtained from an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and hyperglycemic clamp (HGC) in 17 nondiabetic subjects (14 men, 3 women, aged 50 +/- 2 years [mean +/- SE], BMI 25.0 +/- 0.7 kg/m(2)). S(i) estimated from the meal was correlated with S(i) estimated from the IVGTT and the HGC (r = 0.59 and 0.76, respectively; P < 0.01 for both) but was approximately 2.3 and 1.4 times higher (P < 0.05 for both). The meal-derived estimate of the beta-cell's response to a steady-state change in glucose (static secretion index) was correlated with the HGC second-phase insulin response (r = 0.69; P = 0.002), but the estimated rate-of-change component (dynamic secretion index) was not correlated with first-phase insulin release from either the HGC or IVGTT. Indexes of beta-cell function obtained from the meal were significantly higher than those obtained from the HGC. In conclusion, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell indexes derived from a meal are not analogous to those from the clamp or IVGTT. Further work is needed before these indexes can be routinely used in clinical and epidemiological studies.
PEMF Therapy Rapidly Reduces Post-Operative Pain in TRAM Flap Patients (2012)

INTRODUCTION: Autologous breast reconstruction utilizing an abdominal donor site can result in significant and prolonged post-operative pain, which prolongs surgical recovery. This study investigates whether non-invasive pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy, shown to rapidly reduce pain after breast reduction without the cost and side effects of narcotic pain medications (1), can produce similar outcomes in more complex transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstructions. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study, 19 patients undergoing pedicled TRAM flaps received either placebo or PEMF therapy immediately post-op. The non-invasive PEMF signal was pulse-modulated 27.12 MHz, configured to modulate nitric oxide signaling (2). PEMF therapy was identical for both the abdominal donor site and the breast flap and was delivered via disposable devices (Ivivi Health Sciences, San Francisco) continuously for 15 min every 2 hours. All patients were given as needed patient-controlled analgesia for the first two days post-op, followed by oral pain medications. Pain levels were measured via visual analog scale (VAS), and narcotics were quantified as Percocet equivalents. RESULTS: Mean VAS scores in the active cohort decreased approximately 6-fold faster (P <0.001) than those in the sham cohort during 72 hours of intermittent PEMF therapy; placebo pain scores were double those of treatment scores at 5 hours post-op, and 8-fold higher at 72 hours post-op (P<0.001) (Figure 1).Figure 1: PEMF effect on VAS score in TRAM patients.Total Percocet equivalent pill count was nearly 2.5-fold higher in the placebo group vs the therapy group by 72 hours post-op (P=0.003) (Figure 2).Figure 2: PEMF effect on narcotic use in TRAM patients.CONCLUSION: PEMF therapy was effective in rapidly reducing post-operative pain and use of narcotic medications in TRAM patients, suggesting PEMF can be effective for pain management in both simple and complex surgeries. DISCLOSURES: Supported in part with a research grant from Ivivi Health Sciences, LLC, San Francisco. AA Pilla is a scientific consultant to Ivivi Health Sciences and had no contact with patients in this study. The PI and all other authors have no financial interest in Ivivi Health Sciences.
Differential Methylation as a Cause of Allele Dropout at the Imprinted GNAS Locus (2010)

For the first time, we report that differential methylation of imprinted regions can lead to preferential amplification of unmethylated alleles. Addition of coadjuvants to the PCR may facilitate amplification of both alleles, providing an accurate genotyping in cases with methylation-related diseases.
Three New Flavonoids and Antiallergic, Anti-Inflammatory Constituents from the Heartwood ofDalbergia odorifera (1998)

Three new flavonoids, (3R)-4'-methoxy-2',3,7-trihydroxyisoflavanone (11), 7-methoxy-3,3',4',6-tetrahydroxyflavone (18), and 2',7-dihydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxyisoflavone (22), were isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. (Leguminosae), together with twenty-two known compounds, (S)-4-methoxydalbergione (1), cearoin (2), medicarpin (3), formononetin (4), sativanone (5), 3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-coumestan (6), meliotocarpan A (7), isoliquiritigenin (8), stevein (9), liquiritigenin (10), 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavanone (12), butein (13), 3'-hydroxymelanettin (14), koparin (15), bowdichione (16), fisetin (17), melanettin (19), sulfuretin (20), 3'-hydroxydaidzein (21), 3'-O-methylviolanone (23), xenognosin B (24), and dalbergin (25). These flavonoids were evaluated in antiallergic and anti-inflammatory tests. The results showed that (S)-4-methoxydalbergione (1) and cearoin (2) exhibited antiallergic activity while (S)-4-methoxydalbergione (1), cearoin (2), butein (13), koparin (15), bowdichione (16), 3'-O-methylviolanone (23), and xenognosin B (24) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Photosensitization of DNA bases by 4(5)-nitroimidazole: a steady state and flash photolysis study (1995)

UV photolysis and laser flash photolysis of 4(5)-nitroimidazole in the presence of thymine and/or uracil generates the respective glycols under conditions where the bases do not absorb any light. The reaction is mediated through the triplet state of 4(5)-nitroimidazole which generates a highly oxidizing N-centred radical. The radical has an absorption maximum at ca. 350 nm and reacts efficiently with the DNA bases resulting in the formation of glycols. The rate constant of reaction of the radical with the DNA bases and nucleosides is of the order of ca. 108 dm3 mol–1 s–1, the rate being slower with the nucleosides than with the free bases.
Effect of divalent polyethylene glycol units, conjugated on human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, on biological activities in vitro and in vivo. (1998)

New divalent (two-chain type) polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugates of a derivative of human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), ND28, were synthesized by a novel conjugation method using triazine ring and amino butyric acid, and separated into mono-, di- and tri-PEG2(two chains)-ND28 with high purity of more than 90%, to examine the effect of the number of PEG units on their biological properties. Three species of PEG2-ND28 conjugates showed reduced but clear in vitro bioactivity and receptor binding inhibitory activity, and an inverse correlation between the number of PEG units and the activity was seen. On the other hand, the in vivo granulopoietic effect of tri-PEG2-ND28 in mice was observed to be most potent and long-lasting for 6 days after only one administration, and was followed by di-PEG2-ND28 and mono-PEG2-ND28. The plasma concentration of tri-PEG2-ND28 was maintained at a high level for 3 days after administration, while that of PEG-unbound ND28 disappeared within 30 h. There was a positive correlation between the number of PEG units and both the granulopoietic effect and the plasma half-life. These results suggest that the number of PEG units attached to the rhG-CSF can increase their stability during circulation in the plasma of mice, in turn resulting in a long-lasting granulopoietic effect in vivo.
Shape Optimal Design on Double-Chamber Mufflers Using Simulated Annealing and a Genetic Algorithm (2008)

Whilst the space volume of mufflers in a noise control system is often constrained for maintenance and operation in practical engineering work, the maximization of the muffler’s performance becomes essential. In this paper, both simulated annealing (SA) and a genetic algorithm (GA) are applied simultaneously. A numerical case of pure tone noise control is introduced. Before optimization, one example is tested and compared with the experimental data for the accuracy check of the mathematical model. The results reveal that the GA is more accurate than SA during the optimal process with a fixed iteration. Under space constraints, this approach provides a quick and novel scheme for the design of double-chamber mufflers.
Stitching line and deformation propagation for seamless image stitching (2012)

This paper presents an approach to determine the optimal stitching line and propagate deformation in irregular overlap for image stitching. First, determine the optimal stitching line that has the lowest cost of some candidate lines in the irregular region; second, detect and match the features in the neighborhood of the optimal stitching line and calculate deformation vectors; finally, spread the deformation vectors to the whole of image region by Poisson equation and constitute the image gradient field that can reconstruct seamless mosaic. This method has no limitation to the shape of the overlapping area so can reduce the juncture of structure and color in the stitching images. Compared with other methods this method can achieve better visual results both in structure and color.
Anti-phospholipid human monoclonal antibodies inhibit CCR5-tropic HIV-1 and induce β-chemokines (2010)

Traditional antibody-mediated neutralization of HIV-1 infection is thought to result from the binding of antibodies to virions, thus preventing virus entry. However, antibodies that broadly neutralize HIV-1 are rare and are not induced by current vaccines. We report that four human anti-phospholipid monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (PGN632, P1, IS4, and CL1) inhibit HIV-1 CCR5-tropic (R5) primary isolate infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with 80% inhibitory concentrations of <0.02 to approximately 10 microg/ml. Anti-phospholipid mAbs inhibited PBMC HIV-1 infection in vitro by mechanisms involving binding to monocytes and triggering the release of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta. The release of these beta-chemokines explains both the specificity for R5 HIV-1 and the activity of these mAbs in PBMC cultures containing both primary lymphocytes and monocytes.
Prognostic Significance of Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients (2001)

Our data suggest that forearm endothelial dysfunction is a marker of future cardiovascular events in patients with essential hypertension.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and the Safety and Effectiveness of Monthly Ergocalciferol in Hemodialysis Patients (2007)

We conclude that the vast majority of hemodialysis patients are vitamin D-deficient; monthly ergocalciferol 50,000 IU is safe and effective in normalizing serum 25(OH)D levels and may have an epoetin-sparing effect.
Preparation of sulfhydrylborane-dextran conjugates for boron neutron capture therapy (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of sulfhydrylborane-dextran conjugates for boron neutron capture therapyAnders Holmberg and Lennart MeurlingCite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 1993, 4, 6, 570–573Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bc00024a023https://doi.org/10.1021/bc00024a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views478Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Early Life of John Burr Williams (2015)

John Burr Williams was the founding father of a new field of corporate finance. This seems somehow appropriate since his ancestors founded a new nation, and he wore their names like a badge.
A Comparative Study on Ferritin Concentration in Serum and Bilateral Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Patients with Peripheral Lung Cancer versus Control Subjects (1999)

&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;/i&gt; To assess the diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) ferritin as a lung tumor marker by comparing serum and BALF ferritin concentrations in patients with peripheral lung cancer versus control subjects with benign lung disease, and to examine the theory of ferritin compartmentalization around the tumor area by comparing ferritin concentrations in serum and bilateral (affected and unaffected side) BALF in cancer patients. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Four groups of patients were investigated: 10 control nonsmokers, 10 control smokers, 10 smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 22 patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in all subjects (both sides in 13 oncological patients, one side in the others) and samples of BALF and blood were submitted to biochemical analysis. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; As a lung tumor marker, BALF ferritin showed 54% sensitivity and 93% specificity and serum ferritin 22% sensitivity and 93% specificity. A significant difference was observed between the two sides in the cancer patients (p = 0.033), and between BALF ferritin from the affected side and COPD patients (p = 0.025). Greater differences were obtained when BALF ferritin in the affected side of cancer patients was compared with values in both control nonsmokers (p &lt; 0.0001) and control smokers (p &lt; 0.001). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; These findings seem to confirm the relative diagnostic value of BALF ferritin as a lung tumor marker and the theory of ferritin compartmentalization. However, further studies are required to clarify the relations between iron and ferritin on the one hand and inflammation, tumorigenesis and host response on the other.
Functional Characterization of Three Novel Tissue-specific Anion Exchangers SLC26A7, -A8, and -A9 (2002)

A second distinct family of anion exchangers, SLC26, in addition to the classical SLC4 (or anion exchanger) family, has recently been delineated. Particular interest in this gene family is stimulated by the fact that the SLC26A2, SLC26A3, and SLC26A4 genes have been recognized as the disease genes mutated in diastrophic dysplasia, congenital chloride diarrhea, and Pendred syndrome, respectively. We report the expansion of the SLC26 gene family by characterizing three novel tissue-specific members, named SLC26A7, SLC26A8, and SLC26A9, on chromosomes 8, 6, and 1, respectively. The SLC26A7-A9 proteins are structurally very similar at the amino acid level to the previous family members and show tissue-specific expression in kidney, testis, and lung, respectively. More detailed characterization by immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization localized SLC26A7 to distal segments of nephrons, SLC26A8 to developing spermatocytes, and SLC26A9 to the lumenal side of the bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium of lung. Expression of SLC26A7-A9 proteins in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated chloride, sulfate, and oxalate transport activity, suggesting that they encode functional anion exchangers. The functional characterization of the novel tissue-specific members may provide new insights to anion transport physiology in different parts of body.
Connecting Lisp-Stat to COM (2000)

Abstract This article describes an interface between Lisp-Stat and Microsoft's Component Object Model (COM). This interface can be used, for example, to retrieve data stored in a spreadsheet or a database. After providing some brief background on Lisp-Stat and COM, the interface is presented through a series of examples. Issues in implementation and integration relevant to other statistical systems and other component systems are discussed.
Pulmonary Insulin Administration Using the AERx® System: Physiological and Physicochemical Factors Influencing Insulin Effectiveness in Healthy Fasting Subjects (2000)

Pulmonary delivery of aqueous bolus aerosols of insulin in healthy subjects resulted in rapid absorption with an associated hypoglycemic effect quicker than is achieved after subcutaneous dosing of regular insulin. Inhaled insulin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were independent of formulation variables (pH, concentration) but affected by certain respiratory maneuvers.
A Pivotal Role of Endothelial-Specific NF-κB Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Septic Shock and Septic Vascular Dysfunction (2009)

Although the role of NF-kappaB in the pathogenesis of sepsis and septic shock has been extensively studied, little is known about the causative contribution of endothelial-intrinsic NF-kappaB to these pathological processes. In this study, we used transgenic (TG) mice (on FVB genetic background) that conditionally overexpress the NF-kappaB inhibitor, mutant I-kappaBalpha, selectively on endothelium and their transgene-negative littermates (wild type (WT)) to define the causative role of endothelial-specific NF-kappaB signaling in septic shock and septic vascular dysfunction. In WT mice, LPS challenge caused systemic hypotension, a significantly blunted vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine, and an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilator response to acetylcholine, concomitant with a markedly increased aortic inducible NO synthase expression, significantly elevated plasma and aortic levels of nitrite/nitrate, increased aortic TNF-alpha expression, and decreased aortic endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression. In TG mice whose endothelial NF-kappaB was selectively blocked, LPS caused significantly less hypotension and no impairments in vasoconstrictor and endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses, associated with significantly reduced aortic inducible NO synthase expression, decreased plasma and aortic levels of nitrite/nitrate, reduced aortic TNF-alpha expression, and increased aortic eNOS expression. TNF-alpha knockout mice prevented LPS-induced eNOS down-regulation. WT mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture showed significant systemic hypotension, which was prevented in TG mice. Our data show that selective blockade of endothelial-intrinsic NF-kappaB pathway is sufficient to abrogate the cascades of molecular events that lead to septic shock and septic vascular dysfunction, demonstrating a pivotal role of endothelial-specific NF-kappaB signaling in the pathogenesis of septic shock and septic vascular dysfunction.
A Bivalent Vaccine Based on a PB2-Knockout Influenza Virus Protects Mice From Secondary Pneumococcal Pneumonia (2015)

These findings indicate that our recombinant influenza virus serves as a novel and powerful bivalent vaccine against primary and secondary pneumococcal pneumonia as well as influenza.
Design of Ball Wheel Mechanisms for Omnidirectional Vehicles With Full Mobility and Invariant Kinematics (1997)

A new ball wheel design for fully mobile omnidirectional vehicles is presented. This ball wheel mechanism yields a unique vehicle design that is not only omnidirectional with no kinematic singularity but is configuration-invariant in kinematic behavior. Invariant kinematics greatly simplifies the control of smooth and precise vehicle motion. Multiple displacement sensors are easily incorporated into each ball wheel mechanism to enhance the accuracy of vehicle motion control. Two fundamental requirements of functioning ball wheel designs are established: one is the translational form closure requirement for holding a spherical tire, and the other is the non-overconstraint requirement to allow each ball to rotate in two directions. It is proved that a class of mechanisms in which a ball is held by rollers whose axes are fixed directly to the vehicle chassis cannot satisfy the fundamental requirements. A class of modified mechanisms are then analyzed and the necessary and sufficient conditions for the modified mechanisms the fundamental requirements are obtained. For this class of ball wheels (Class 1), conditions for configuration-invariant kinematics are found and two possible actuation schemes are discussed. Two prototype vehicles have been built: both have three Class 1 ball wheels but each uses a different actuation scheme. Performance data of the two prototypes are compared. Both achieve smooth motion and precise dead reckoning.