gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal transduction through the fibronectin receptor induces collagenase and stromelysin gene expression. (1989)

We have investigated the effects of ligation of the fibronectin receptor (FnR) on gene expression in rabbit synovial fibroblasts. Monoclonal antibodies to the FnR that block initial adhesion of fibroblasts to fibronectin induced the expression of genes encoding the secreted extracellular matrix-degrading metalloproteinases collagenase and stromelysin. That induction was a direct consequence of interaction with the FnR was shown by the accumulation of mRNA for stromelysin and collagenase. Monoclonal antibodies to several other membrane glycoprotein receptors had no effect on metalloproteinase gene expression. Less than 2 h of treatment of the fibroblasts with anti-FnR in solution was sufficient to trigger the change in gene expression, and induction was blocked by dexamethasone. Unlike other inducers of metalloproteinase expression, including phorbol diesters and growth factors, addition of the anti-FnR in solution to cells adherent to serum-derived adhesion proteins or collagen produced no detectable change in cell shape or actin microfilament organization. Inductive effects were potentiated by cross-linking of the ligand. Fab fragments of anti-FnR were ineffective unless cross-linked or immobilized on the substrate. Adhesion of fibroblasts to native fibronectin did not induce metallo-proteinases. However, adhesion to covalently immobilized peptides containing the arg-gly-asp sequence that were derived from fibronectin, varying in size from hexapeptides up to 120 kD, induced collagenase and stromelysin gene expression. This suggests that degradation products of fibronectin are the natural inductive ligands for the FnR. These data demonstrate that signals leading to changes in gene expression are transduced by the FnR, a member of the integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. The signaling of changes in gene expression by the FnR is distinct from signaling involving cell shape and actin cytoarchitecture. At least two distinct signals are generated: the binding of fibronectin-derived fragments and adhesion-blocking antibodies to the FnR triggers events different from those triggered by binding of the native fibronectin ligand. Because the genes regulated by this integrin are for enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix, these results suggest that information transduced by the binding of various ligands to integrins may orchestrate the expression of genes regulating cell behavior in the extracellular environment.
Diamond-Blackfan anemia: a ribosomal puzzle (2008)

[No abstract available]
Resistive-Pulse Studies of Proteins and Protein/Antibody Complexes Using a Conical Nanotube Sensor (2007)

There is increasing interest in using nanopores in synthetic membranes as resistive-pulse sensors for molecular and macromolecule analytes. In general, this method entails measuring current pulses associated with translocation of the analyte through the nanopore sensor element. A key challenge for this sensing paradigm is building selectivity into the protocol so that the current pulses for the target analyte can be distinguished from current pulses for other species that might be present in the sample. We show here that this can be accomplished with a protein analyte by adding to the solution an antibody that selectively binds the protein. We demonstrate this concept using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a Fab fragment from a BSA-binding polyclonal antibody. Because the complex formed upon binding of the Fab to BSA is larger than the free BSA molecule, the current-pulse signature for the BSA/Fab complex can be easily distinguished from the free BSA. Furthermore, the BSA/Fab pulses can be easily distinguished from the pulses obtained for the free Fab and from pulses obtained for a control protein that does not bind to the Fab. Finally, we also show that the current-pulse signature for the BSA/Fab complex can provide information about the size and stoichiometry of the complex.
Modulation of AMPA receptors in spinal motor neurons by the neuroprotective agent riluzole (2004)

We investigated the interaction of riluzole, a therapeutic agent used in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor channels in mouse spinal motor neurons in culture using whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques. Kainate elicited concentration-dependent (EC(50) = 35 microM) inward currents in all the patched cells. These responses were mediated primarily through the activation of AMPA receptors with a negligible contribution from kainate receptors, because bath application of 100 microM GYKI53655, a potent noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist, completely blocked the kainate-induced currents. Riluzole (0.5-100 microM) reduced in a dose-dependent manner the kainate-induced currents with an IC(50) of 1.54 microM in all tested neurons (n = 25) and this effect was found to be reversible. The response to kainate decreased in the presence of 1 microM riluzole in all spinal motor neurons tested, without changing its EC(50), indicating a noncompetitive mechanism of inhibition. The amplitude of the responses induced by kainate under control condition and during riluzole was a linear function of the membrane potential. The reversal potential of the current was not significantly different in the two experimental conditions, whereas the total conductance of the motor neurons for the currents induced by 100 microM kainate was reduced significantly in the presence of 1 microM riluzole (P < 0.05). These results reveal an interaction of riluzole with glutamatergic neurotransmission in spinal cord motor neurons and can contribute to explain its beneficial effect in the ALS treatment.
Chirality Induction in Bulk Gold and Silver (2007)

Can a metal be made chiral? Evidence is provided for the induction of chirality in metals doped with chiral molecules (see figure). Gold and silver doped with L-glutathione or L-quinine or either D- or L-tryptophan show clear differences in the emission efficiency of the metal photoelectrons when irradiated with either clockwise or counter-clockwise circularly polarized UV light.
Circulating Tumor Cell Analysis in Patients with Progressive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2007)

The analysis of cancer-related alterations at the DNA and protein level from CTCs is feasible in a hospital-based clinical laboratory. The alterations observed in EGFR and AR suggest that the methodology may have a role in clinical decision making.
Thermal stability of metallizations on GaN/AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructures (2005)

This study examines two different forms of thermal stability of gate metallizations on GaN/AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructures: long-term anneals at moderate temperatures (accelerated ageing) and high-temperature rapid thermal anneals (commonly used for ohmic contact formation). The metallizations Re, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Ni/Au, Ni/Ga/Ni, Co and Co/Au were selected based on criteria associated with thermodynamic predictions and the metal work function. Long-term (200 h) thermal stability experiments for unpassivated samples annealed at 500 °C within a tube furnace revealed very good thermal stability of Pt/Au diodes. In addition, Re and Ni/Ga/Ni Schottky diodes may also provide thermally stable gate metallizations for high-temperature devices. As a result of short-term annealing, all metals tested apart from Au and Re yielded stable diodes when annealed for 60 s up to 400 °C. Re contacts showed increases in reverse current densities after annealing at temperatures between 400 and 600 °C, with a dramatic return to as-deposited values following an anneal at 800 °C for 60 s. Upon longer-term annealing at 800 °C for 10 min, dissolution of Ga into the Re film and complete loss of the thin GaN cap on the heterostructure were observed, resulting in the Re metal and underlying AlxGa1−xN layer making direct contact.
Terahertz All-Optical Logic Gates Based on a Graphene Nanoribbon Rectangular Ring Resonator (2018)

A type of all-optical logic gates based on a graphene nanoribbon rectangular ring resonator for terahertz frequency is proposed and numerically investigated by finite-difference time-domain simulations. By utilizing the surface plasmon polaritons propagated along the graphene nanoribbon, the tunability in frequency of the filter effect can be achieved by tuning the bias voltage of graphene. The proposed structure can realize NOT, XOR, and XNOR gates, corresponding to the high contrast ratio of about 14.2, 19.5, and 14.1 dB, respectively. The proposed logic gates would be a potential component for designing all-optical logical photonic devices in an optical communication system.
A Human Protein Kinase Bγ with Regulatory Phosphorylation Sites in the Activation Loop and in the C-terminal Hydrophobic Domain (1999)

We have cloned human protein kinase Bgamma (PKBgamma) and found that it contains two regulatory phosphorylation sites, Thr305 and Ser472, which correspond to Thr308 and Ser473 of PKBalpha. Thus it differs significantly from the previously published rat PKBgamma. We have also isolated a similar clone from a mouse cDNA library. In human tissues, PKBgamma is widely expressed as two transcripts. A mutational analysis of the two regulatory sites of human PKBgamma showed that phosphorylation of both sites, occurring in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent manner, is required for full activity. Our results suggest that the two phosphorylation sites act in concert to produce full activation of PKBgamma, similar to PKBalpha. This contrasts with rat PKBgamma, which is thought to be regulated by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 alone.
Transcutaneous Assessment of Renal Function in Conscious Rodents (2016)

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard to assess overall kidney function. However, traditional methods to evaluate GFR are cumbersome and time-consuming. In addition, serial blood or urine samples are required, with the associated stress for the experimental animals. A recent technique significantly reduces the investment in time and resources, minimizing the invasiveness and the animal stress, but being equally valid as the traditional approaches. The method measures transcutaneously renal function. Using an optical device and the exogenous renal marker fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-sinistrin, this technique is capable of measuring the elimination kinetics of the marker through the skin. With neither blood nor urine samples nor the associated laboratory assays needed, the results of the transcutaneous measurement are almost instantaneously available. The method has been already validated in different species and successfully applied in several models of renal pathology. Moreover, due to its minimally invasive characteristics, it is suitable for sequential measurements within the same animal. Here is provided a detailed protocol to carry out the transcutaneous assessment of renal function in rodents.
The effect of inorganic salts on the ketone decomposition of oxaloacetic acid (1942)

Oxaloacetic acid is known to decompose in aqueous solution into pyruvic acid and CO2.
Comparison of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen to Tritiated Thymidine As a Marker of Proliferating Hepatocytes in Rats (1993)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), an endogenous nuclear protein, has recently been used to identify replicating cells.PCNA was compared to tritiated thymidine ([3Hl-TdR), a reli- able and accurate exogenous labeling agent, to ascertain if PCNA gives comparable results for quantitative cell proliferation.Male F344 rats were treated with a single dose of 500 mg/kg 4-acetylaminofluorene (4-AAF), a known liver mitogen.Rats (n = 5) were euthanized and necropsied at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 96, or 192 hr after treatment.Two hours before necropsy, rats were pulse-dosed with [3H]-TdR (2 mCi/kg body weight).Livers were sectioned, autoradiogra- phy performed, and labeling indexes (LI), a measurement of the percentage of S-phase hepato- cytes, determined.One and a half years after the completion of this study, the archival paraffin blocks of the liver tissue were sectioned and stained for PCNA by an immunohistochemical pro- cedure.Immunocytochemical staining patterns of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression permitted the recognition of G,, S, G2, M, and quiescent cells.PCNA LI, generated by scoring only cells exhibiting S-phase staining patterns, was compared to the pulse [3H]-TdR LI for each animal.Similar periportal staining patterns of S-phase nuclei were detected by both markers.The [3H]-TdR LI and the PCNA LI exhibited a peak at 24 hr of approximately the same magni- tude.However, while the [3H]-TdR LI had returned to near baseline at the 48-hr time point, the PCNA LI remained elevated until the 96-hr time point.This sustained elevation of the PCNA index cannot be explained at this time.Examination of all other time points revealed similar S- phase LI by either method.PCNA immunostaining allowed for the estimation of the growth fraction.A time-dependent alteration in the hepatic growth fraction curve was a consequence of 4-AAF treatment.
Hepatocyte growth factor may act as a pulmotrophic factor on lung regeneration after acute lung injury. (1993)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to have hepatotrophic and renotropic functions for regeneration of the liver and kidney through its mitogenic, motogenic, and morphogenic properties. To examine the involvement of HGF in lung regeneration after acute injury, we analyzed changes of HGF mRNA, HGF activity, and HGF receptors in the rat lung after lung insult and measured HGF concentration in sera of patients with various lung diseases. Following the onset of acute lung injury induced by intratracheal hydrochloride injection, a compensatory DNA synthesis occurred in the bronchial epithelium with a peak at 24 h and in the alveolar epithelium with a peak at 48 h. Expression of HGF mRNA in the rat lung remarkably increased only 3 h after the treatment and HGF activity in the lung also increased to about 3-fold at 6 h later. HGF receptors in the lung but not in the other noninjured organs were down-regulated 12 h later. These marked increases in HGF mRNA and HGF activity and the concomitant down-regulation of HGF receptor occurred before the marked compensatory DNA synthesis in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. HGF concentration in sera of patients with various lung diseases, as measured by radioimmunoassay, was much higher than that in healthy donors. These results suggest that HGF is newly produced in the lung after acute lung injury and may have a role in regeneration of the lung.
Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Infants Born to Mothers With Preexisting Immunity to Cytomegalovirus (1999)

Symptomatic congenital CMV infection can occur after a nonprimary or recurrent maternal infection. However, the exact incidence of symptomatic congenital CMV infection among children born to women with preexisting immunity remains to be defined.
The HMGB1/RAGE axis triggers neutrophil-mediated injury amplification following necrosis (2014)

In contrast to microbially triggered inflammation, mechanisms promoting sterile inflammation remain poorly understood. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are considered key inducers of sterile inflammation following cell death, but the relative contribution of specific DAMPs, including high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), is ill defined. Due to the postnatal lethality of Hmgb1-knockout mice, the role of HMGB1 in sterile inflammation and disease processes in vivo remains controversial. Here, using conditional ablation strategies, we have demonstrated that epithelial, but not bone marrow-derived, HMGB1 is required for sterile inflammation following injury. Epithelial HMGB1, through its receptor RAGE, triggered recruitment of neutrophils, but not macrophages, toward necrosis. In clinically relevant models of necrosis, HMGB1/RAGE-induced neutrophil recruitment mediated subsequent amplification of injury, depending on the presence of neutrophil elastase. Notably, hepatocyte-specific HMGB1 ablation resulted in 100% survival following lethal acetaminophen intoxication. In contrast to necrosis, HMGB1 ablation did not alter inflammation or mortality in response to TNF- or FAS-mediated apoptosis. In LPS-induced shock, in which HMGB1 was considered a key mediator, HMGB1 ablation did not ameliorate inflammation or lethality, despite efficient reduction of HMGB1 serum levels. Our study establishes HMGB1 as a bona fide and targetable DAMP that selectively triggers a neutrophil-mediated injury amplification loop in the setting of necrosis.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of neomycin phosphotransferase II in genetically modified cotton tissue extracts (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of neomycin phosphotransferase II in genetically modified cotton tissue extractsGlen J. Rogan, Joel E. Ream, Sharon A. Berberich, and Roy L. FuchsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 8, 1453–1458Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00020a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00020a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Association of Intentional Changes in Body Weight with Coronary Heart Disease Event Rates in Overweight Subjects Who Have an Additional Coronary Risk Factor (2005)

Despite evidence that weight loss improves the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors, a direct association between weight loss and CHD incidence has not been demonstrated. In 1994-2001, the authors conducted an observational study of intentional weight loss as related to CHD incidence among patients recruited from a network of clinics in Israel who received nutritional counseling from a dietitian to support the medical recommendation to lose weight. Subjects were outpatients aged 50-75 years with a body mass index of > or =27 kg/m(2), without CHD or cancer but with at least one risk factor for CHD in addition to overweight. Outcomes were documented over 4 years by repeated weight measurements and by medical record verification. Among 1,669 patients, 224 (13.4%) incidents of CHD were recorded. For subjects who underwent at least 6 months of dietetic counseling, the risk-factor-adjusted odds ratio for CHD incidence associated with a weight loss of 4.5 kg (the median level of weight loss) was 0.57 (95% confidence interval: 0.39, 0.84). In this, the largest known study of its type reported to date, intentional weight loss from a 6-month diet predicted lower incidence of CHD over 4 years.
Bacteriorhodopsin (2004)

Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, and X-ray crystallography have contributed detailed information about the structural changes in the proton transport cycle of the light-driven pump, bacteriorhodopsin. The results over the past few years add up to a step-by-step description of the configurational changes of the photoisomerized retinal, how these changes result in internal proton transfers and the release of a proton to the extracellular surface and uptake on the other side, as well as the conservation and transformation of excess free energy during the cycle.
TGF-beta promotes proliferation of cultured SMC via both PDGF-AA-dependent and PDGF-AA-independent mechanisms. (1994)

Transforming growth factor-,61 (TGF-,81) has been implicated in mediating smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth after vascular injury. Studies examining TGF-fi-induced growth of cultured SMC have identified only modest mitogenic effects which are largely dependent on autocrine production of platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA). Recent studies have suggested, however, that TGF-#t also may have delayed growth effects independent of PDGF-AA. The aims of the present studies were to examine the effects of TGF-#t on chronic growth re- sponses of cultured SMC. Results demonstrated that TGF-ft elicited a delayed growth response (24 fold increase in 3H-TdR incorp. from 48-72 h) and enhanced SMC production of PDGF-AA (eightfold increase at 24 h). Neutralizing antibodies to PDGF-AA, however, inhibited only 10-40% of delayed TGF-ft-induced growth. Co-treatment with TGF-ft transiently delayed epidermal growth factor (EGF)-, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-, or PDGF-BB-induced entry into S phase but enhanced the delayed growth responses to these growth factors by 16.0-, 5.8-, or 4.2-fold, respectively. Neutral- izing antibodies to PDGF-AA had no effect on these synergistic responses and exogenous PDGF-AA did not increase growth responses to EGF, bFGF, or PDGF-BB. In summary, TGF-ft induces marked delayed growth responses, alone and in combi- nation with EGF, bFGF or PDGF-BB, that are largely independent of PDGF-AA. (J. Clin. Invest.
Inside risks: the uses and abuses of biometrics (1999)

No abstract available.
Studies on the Synthesis of Insulin from Natural and Synthetic A and B Chains. II. Isolation of Insulin from Recombination Mixtures of Natural A and B Chains* (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on the Synthesis of Insulin from Natural and Synthetic A and B Chains. II. Isolation of Insulin from Recombination Mixtures of Natural A and B Chains*Panayotis G. Katsoyannis, Anthony C. Trakatellis, Stanley Johnson, Clyde Zalut, and Gerald SchwartzCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 9, 2642–2655Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00861a002https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00861a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts