gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influenza Vaccination of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (1978)

Twenty-nine patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 29 control subjects matched for age and prevaccination antibody titer received 200 chick-cell agglutinin units of A/New Jersey/76 HswINI influenza virus vaccine. Serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies were measured before and 4 weeks after immunization. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were done before and 4 and 8 weeks after vaccination. Except for one patient with active lupus erythematosus who developed renal disease, there was no evidence of an increase in lupus erythematosus activity after immunization. Fourteen patients and 18 control subjects had a fourfold or greater increase in antibodies to influenza A/New Jersey/76. Mean postvaccination antibody titer of patients tended to be lower than that of controls (Student's t-test, t = 1.52, 0.05 less than p less than 0.10). Since patients with lupus erythematosus may have increased morbidity and mortality with influenza infections, they should receive influenza immunization even though the magnitude of their antibody response may be less than that of normal persons.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACID INVERTASE ACTIVITY AND SUGAR CONTENT IN GRAPE SPECIES (2011)

ABSTRACT Among grape species muscadines are the important grape crops of the southeastern United States, where cultivation of Vitis vinifera is limited due to Pierce's disease. Muscadine grapes are less desirable because of their low sugar content and leathery skin. Sugar accumulation in berry depends on the activity of sugar metabolizing enzymes during ripening. The present study was carried out to investigate differences in invertase activity among Muscadinia rotundifolia (Muscadine), Vitis spp. (Florida hybrid bunch) and V. vinifera (Bunch) grape genotypes and to characterize muscadine invertase/s. Bunch grape showed highest invertase activity followed by Florida hybrid bunch and muscadine. Muscadine invertase showed a pH optimum between 2.5 and 3.5 and substrate optimum at 150 mM. These data suggest that low sugar content of muscadine berry may be related to its low invertase activity, and enhancement of invertase activity may be one way to increase the sugar content of muscadine grape. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Sugar accumulation is an important event in the berry-ripening physiology of grapevine, and is an important characteristic essential for superior enological characteristics and product value. Sugars are synthesized in leaves as a result of photosynthesis and imported into the berry in the form of sucrose. Any limitations or restrictions in sucrose breakdown can adversely affect the sugar content and composition of grape berry as well as its quality. Our studies has revealed that one of the key enzyme acid invertase required for sucrose breakdown is low in muscadine grape compared to bunch and Florida hybrid bunch grapes indicating a positive correlation between invertase activity and berry sugar content. The data also suggest that increasing acid invertase activity may be a way to increase sugar content of muscadine grape to improve its enological characteristics.
A Solid-Phase Platform for Combinatorial and Scarless Multipart Gene Assembly (2013)

With the emergence of standardized genetic modules as part of the synthetic biology toolbox, the need for universal and automatable assembly protocols increases. Although several methods and standards have been developed, these all suffer from drawbacks such as the introduction of scar sequences during ligation or the need for specific flanking sequences or a priori knowledge of the final sequence to be obtained. We have developed a method for scarless ligation of multipart gene segments in a truly sequence-independent fashion. The big advantage of this approach is that it is combinatorial, allowing the generation of all combinations of several variants of two or more modules to be ligated in less than a day. This method is based on the ligation of single-stranded or double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) and PCR products immobilized on a solid support. Different settings were tested to optimize the solid-support ligation. Finally, to show proof of concept for this novel multipart gene assembly platform a small library of all possible combinations of 4 BioBrick modules was generated and tested.
Endothelial cell function on a poly(acrylamide-co-polyethylene acid) interpenetrating polymer network: cardiovascular applications (2005)

Hydrogel coatings have been widely researched as a nonfouling surface modification of materials for cardiovascular applications. In this study, we examined cell-surface interactions between a poly(acrylamide-copolyethylene glycol/acrylic acid) interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel and aortic endothelial cells (ECs). The IPN was covalently attached to polystyrene to form a nanometer scale thick hydrogel, and the IPN layer was activated by conjugation of the cell adhesion peptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). On IPN surfaces lacking the RGD peptide, EC did not adhere and spread even after long-term incubation. The IPN was able to support greater EC adhesion and spreading with increasing RGD surface concentrations. Upon adequate adhesion and spreading, ECs migrated and proliferated at high rates regardless of the RGD surface concentration. These results suggest that this IPN can be used to promote endothelialization of vascular implants made of polymeric and metal materials for cardiovascular applications.
Activation of Adenyl Cyclase by Glucagon in Cat and Human Heart (1969)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the direct effects of glucagon on adenyl cyclase activity in cat and human heart particles and to elucidate the role of the beta receptor in any glucagon-mediated activation of adenyl cyclase. At the peak of its dose-response curve, crystalline glucagon increased the conversion of AT 32 P to cyclic 3', 5'-AM 32 P in particulate fractions of both cat and human heart homogenates by approximately 70%. The activation of adenyl cyclase was dose-related over a concentration ranging from 1 x 10 -7 M to 1 x 10 -5 M. Half maximal activity was observed at 8 x 10 -7 M. DL-propranolol, 1 x 10 -5 M, did not block the activation of adenyl cyclase produced by glucagon, 1 x 10 -6 M or 1 x 10 -5 M. However, the same concentration of propranolol blocked adenyl cyclase activation induced by norepinephrine, 1 x 10 -6 M and 1 x 10 -5 M. Combined maximal doses of glucagon and norepinephrine did not produce additive effects on the activation of adenyl cyclase. The failure of DL-propranolol to block the glucagon-mediated activation of adenyl cyclase suggests that there are at least two receptor sites in myocardial tissue responsible for the activation of adenyl cyclase, one responsive to glucagon and one to norepinephrine. Moreover, since combined maximal doses of glucagon and norepinephrine failed to produce an additive response, it appears that in the heart there is probably only a single adenyl cyclase enzyme responsive to these hormones.
Chemical Amplification: Continuous-Flow PCR on a Chip (1998)

A micromachined chemical amplifier was successfully used to perform the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in continuous flow at high speed. The device is analogous to an electronic amplifier and relies on the movement of sample through thermostated temperature zones on a glass microchip. Input and output of material (DNA) is continuous, and amplification is independent of input concentration. A 20-cycle PCR amplification of a 176-base pair fragment from the DNA gyrase gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was performed at various flow rates, resulting in total reaction times of 90 seconds to 18.7 minutes.
Chemotactic Peptide N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe Activation of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and MAPK-activated Protein Kinase-2 in Human Neutrophils (1997)

Activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) by chemotactic peptides initiates a series of functional responses that serve to eliminate pathogens. The intermediate steps that link engagement of the chemoattractant receptor to the microbicidal responses involve protein kinases that have yet to be identified. In this study we detected in human PMN the presence of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which became rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated and activated in response to the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Pretreatment of PMN with wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, or bis-indolylmaleimide, a protein kinase C antagonist, resulted in partial inhibition of p38 phosphorylation upon fMLP stimulation. Similarly, phosphorylation of p38 was only partially inhibited when the fMLP-induced cytosolic calcium transient was prevented. Stimulation of PMN by the chemoattractant also resulted in the rapid phosphorylation and activation of MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 (MAPKAPK-2), which was completely inhibited by the specific p38 inhibitor, SB203580. The physical interaction of p38 with MAPKAPK-2 was studied by coimmunoprecipitation. These two kinases were found to be associated in unstimulated PMN but dissociated upon activation of the cells by fMLP. Together these findings demonstrate the activation of p38 by chemotactic peptides in human PMN by a process involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase C, and calcium. p38, in turn, is an upstream activator of MAPKAPK-2.
Chronic Pain is Associated with Increased TrkA Immunoreactivity in Spinoreticular Neurons (1999)

Repetitive noxious stimulation leads to permanent adaptive changes of central pathways involved in the genesis and integration of nociception. Several classes of neurotrophic factors that affect brain plasticity are also involved in the regulation of sensory functions in adulthood. To investigate a putative role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in central plasticity linked to chronic pain, modifications in immunoreactivity (IR) for the high-affinity NGF receptor, TrkA, were studied at spinal levels in a rat model of inflammatory chronic pain, adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). We report a specific increase in the number of TrkA-IR profiles in laminae V-VI at lumbar levels L3 and L4 in arthritic rats. Tract tracing using FluoroGold injections in the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus and in the brainstem showed that these increased TrkA-IR profiles are spinoreticular neurons. Dual labeling with calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P showed that TrkA-IR neurons were mainly located in projection fields of small- to medium-sized primary afferent fibers, which convey nociceptive inputs. These results suggest that TrkA-containing neurons of the spinal dorsal horn participate in the first central relay of transmission of nociceptive information to supraspinal centers. Enhanced numbers of TrkA-IR neurons during AIA strongly support the hypothesis of a participation of NGF in adaptive mechanisms of central nociceptive pathways observed in chronic pain states.
Enhancement of Tumor Growth and Vascular Density by Transfection of Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor Into MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells (1995)

Tumor formation by V12 cells could provide a useful model for the assessment of anti-angiogenic drugs.
[hGH and molecular biology]. (1986)

This review summarizes the progress recently made through the approaches provided by DNA recombinant technology in the knowledge of the human growth hormone (hGH) gene and of the molecular basis of hGH deficiencies. The growth hormone gene is part of a family of five structural genes located on the long arm of human chromosome 17, over a distance of 55 kilobases (kb), and oriented in the same transcriptional 5' to 3' direction in the order 5' hGH-N, hCS-L, hCS-A, hGH-V, and hCS-B 3'. The five genes contain five exons interrupted by four introns, and they display a high sequence homology. GH and CS genes show class differences on their 3' side, approximately 100 base pairs beyond the polyadenylation sites. Analysis of homology regions has permitted to define duplication units useful to trace the evolution process of the cluster. The hGH-N gene codes for the normal, pituitary, 22K human growth hormone. The hGH-V genes codes for a variant peptide that can be expressed in vitro in transgenomic systems, but that is not known to be expressed in vivo. The hCS-A and -B genes each code for human chorionic somatomammotropin. They specify the same mature hormone and are expressed at different levels in term placenta. The hCS-L gene appears to be an unexpressed pseudogene and has a single base substitution, located in a splicing site, that would preclude normal mRNA maturation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Retinoic acid and craniofacial development: Molecules and morphogenesis (1993)

Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, is essential for normal mammalian development. Developmental abnormalities induced by RA excess and vitamin A deficiency are different even though they affect the same organ systems, and it is clear that there are intraembryonic tissue differences in the requirement for RA. The developmental functions of RA are mediated by its effects on gene expression. In the nucleus, two different forms of RA bind to and activate two families of nuclear receptors, which themselves co-operate in initiating the transcription of target genes. In this article I propose that the amount of RA reaching the nucleus in different embryonic tissues is modulated by a mechanism involving three cytoplasmic binding proteins for retinol (CRBP I) and retinoic acid (CRABP I and II). Abnormalities of craniofacial development resulting from exposure of early neural plate stage embryos to RA excess have been studied in some detail; their initial stages involve alteration of both morphological development and the segment-specific pattern of gene expression in the early hindbrain and its derived neural crest. This system is ideal for studying the relationships between retinoic acid receptors, retinoid binding proteins, and the development of genetic and morphological pattern.
[(Arylcarbonyl)oxy]propanolamines. 1. Novel .beta.-blockers with ultrashort duration of action (1984)

Novel [(arylcarbonyl)oxy]propanolamines were synthesized and investigated as potential ultrashort-acting beta-adrenergic receptor blockers. Many of these analogues exhibited good potency and short duration. The N-ureidoalkyl analogue 85 (ACC-9089) has a potency equal to propranolol and a duration of action of about 21 min in the dog. It has been selected as a candidate for further clinical study. Structure-activity relationships and structure-duration relationships for these new beta-blockers are also discussed.
Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: a 7-month multicenter randomized controlled trial (ALADIN III Study). ALADIN III Study Group. Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Diabetic Neuropathy. (1999)

These findings indicate that a 3-week intravenous treatment with alpha-lipoic acid, followed by a 6-month oral treatment, had no effect on neuropathic symptoms distinguishable from placebo to a clinically meaningful degree, possibly due to increasing intercenter variability in symptom scoring during the study. However, this treatment was associated with a favorable effect on neuropathic deficits without causing significant adverse reactions. Long-term trials that focus on neuropathic deficits rather than symptoms as the primary criterion of efficacy are needed to see whether oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid over several years may slow or reverse the progression of diabetic neuropathy.
Computational models of information scent-following in a very large browsable text collection (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Computational models of information scent-following in a very large browsable text collection Author: Peter Pirolli Xerox PARC, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox PARC, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '97: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systemsMarch 1997 Pages 3–10https://doi.org/10.1145/258549.258558Published:27 March 1997Publication History 90citation1,369DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations90Total Downloads1,369Last 12 Months185Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The cysteine-rich domains of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor I receptors are primary determinants of hormone binding specificity. Evidence from receptor chimeras. (1990)

To delineate the structural determinants of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGFIR) which affect hormone binding specificity we have constructed seven chimeric receptor cDNAs and stably expressed them in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Clonal cell lines expressing high levels of each receptor chimera were analyzed for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI) binding activity. Measurements of hormone binding and immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled receptors showed that all chimeras were properly processed and expressed at the cell surface. The binding data indicate that 56 amino acids of the IR and 52 amino acids of the IGFIR located in corresponding regions of the cysteine-rich domains are the primary determinants of hormone binding specificity. These regions are located between amino acids Asn-230 and Ile-285 on the IR and between His-223 and Met-274 on the IGFIR. In addition, the alpha IR-3 antibody, which competes for IGFI binding, was found to interact with the same 52 amino acids of the IGFIR which determines hormone specificity. Other antibodies which interfere with insulin binding (5D9, MC51, and MA20) interact with epitopes in the COOH-terminal 288 amino acids of the alpha-subunit. We conclude that 56 and 52 amino acids of the cysteine-rich domains of the IR and IGFIR contain the major determinants of hormone binding specificity although other more COOH-terminal regions of both receptors contribute to hormone binding.
Serial gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scans in patients with early, relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis: Implications for clinical trials and natural history (1991)

Six patients with early, mild, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were studied with monthly gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scans for 8 to 11 months. Numerous enhancing lesions were observed irrespective of clinical activity. Four of the 6 patients had one or more enhancing lesions present on each examination. The other 2 patients had enhancing lesions noted in 7 and 9 of 11 months. In contrast, only two clinical exacerbations were observed during the study period. Neither the exacerbations nor other changes in symptoms or signs correlated with occurrence of the enhancing lesions. Enhancement generally persisted for less than 1 month. The opening of the blood-brain barrier as reflected by gadolinium enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging may represent ongoing disease activity in patients with mild, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who are clinically stable. The frequency of these lesions appears to be sufficient to use as an outcome measure in clinical trials testing clinical efficacy in patients with early, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
On the impact of dynamic data management for distributed local memories in heterogeneous MPSoCs (2013)

With the increasing number of integrated functional units in Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) the communication among modules is becoming a major challenge. The overall system performance is not only characterized by the computing power but more often limited by the slow interconnections and memory accesses. Furthermore, the available on-chip memory is not efficiently utilized according to the application requirements. This paper describes the concept, implementation and analysis of a data management unit, which improves the utilization of on-chip distributed local memories. Hence data locality and system performance is improved. This strategy leads to a dramatic reduction in the number of accesses to the external memory for data-intensive applications. The impact of this approach on system performance is investigated in this work, which shows a reduction of 53% in the number of accesses to the external memory. In data-limited environments this leads to an improvement of up to 30% in the overall system performance.
Editors' Note (1974)

This issue of Soviet Education is devoted to physical education and organized sports activities for Soviet school-age youth. The two lead articles — from the Communist Party journal Partiinaia zhizn' [Party Life] and the Ministry of Education's journal Narodnoe obrazovanie [Public Education] — indicate the important place that physical fitness and sports activities occupy in the upbringing of Soviet young people. The remaining articles, selected from the Ministry of Education's journal Fizicheskaia kul'tura v shkole [Physical Culture in School], deal with many types of physical education activities and the pedagogy of physical education in Soviet schools.
Discovery of Aryl Sulfonamides as Isoform-Selective Inhibitors of NaV1.7 with Efficacy in Rodent Pain Models (2016)

We report on a novel series of aryl sulfonamides that act as nanomolar potent, isoform-selective inhibitors of the human sodium channel hNaV1.7. The optimization of these inhibitors is described. We aimed to improve potency against hNaV1.7 while minimizing off-target safety concerns and generated compound 3. This agent displayed significant analgesic effects in rodent models of acute and inflammatory pain and demonstrated that binding to the voltage sensor domain 4 site of NaV1.7 leads to an analgesic effect in vivo. Our findings corroborate the importance of hNaV1.7 as a drug target for the treatment of pain.
Delineation of the dendritic cell lineage by generating large numbers of Birbeck granule-positive Langerhans cells from human peripheral blood progenitor cells in vitro (1995)

It is well established by in vivo and in vitro studies that dendritic cells (DCs) originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, the presumed intermediate of Birbeck granule (BG)+ Langerhans cells (LCs) has not been detected in cultures derived from bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs), thus contrasting with the data obtained with cord blood. We show here that large numbers of BG+ LCs can be generated from human CD34+ PBPCs in vitro, when granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, potent promotors of LC/DC differentiation, are combined with a cocktail of early acting hematopoietic growth factors. LCs were found to emerge from CD33+CD11b+CD14- progenitor cells that they share with the monocytic lineage. During culture, these cells exhibited a sequence of dramatic morphologic changes, starting with a major increase in granularity followed by an increase in size herein exceeding that of all peripheral blood cells. At the same time, CD1a and major histocompatibility complex class II expression were upregulated and virtually all CD1a++ cells were BG+ by electron microscopy. With prolonged culture, CD1a was downregulated on a major population of cells, paralleled by a loss of BG and an increase of CD4, CD25, and CD80 expression that may correspond to the maturation of epidermal LC in vitro. However, these cells were consistently CD5- and did not exhibit changes in the CD45-isoform expression during culture. The availability of large numbers of these highly purified BG+ LCs and mature DCs allows for specific analysis of these subpopulations and provides a source of potent antigen-presenting cells from individual patients for vaccination protocols against infectious or tumor-associated antigens.