gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Co-localization of NG2 proteoglycan and PDGF ?-receptor on O2A progenitor cells in the developing rat brain (1996)

A detailed comparison in the developing rat central nervous system between the distribution of the NG2 proteoglycan and the alpha-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) shows that these two molecules are co-expressed by glial progenitor cells of the O2A lineage and can serve as reliable markers for identification of O2A cells in vivo. Our mapping experiments indicate that NG2-positive, PDGF alpha-receptor positive O2A cells are abundant throughout the developing central nervous system in both white and gray matter. The earliest cells immunoreactive for either of the two markers are found adjacent to the central canal of the embryonic day 15 (E15) spinal cord. These cells express only PDGF alpha-receptor and not NG2. By E17, process-bearing cells expressing both NG2 and PDGF alpha-receptor in a highly co-localized fashion are found throughout the central nervous system. The first postnatal week marks the peak in the number of NG2 and PDGF alpha-receptor immunoreactive cells, as well as the peak in the level of expression and the extent of co-localization of the two molecules. After the first week, the level of expression of both NG2 and PDGF alpha-receptor declines, although both molecules continue to be expressed in the adult brain. On O2A cells in the mature brain, NG2 and PDGF alpha-receptor are not as well co-localized at the subcellular level as they are on O2A cells in the younger brain. The functional consequences of co-localization and subsequent dissociation of NG2 and PDGF alpha-receptor on maturing O2A progenitors are investigated in the accompanying paper (Nishiyama et al.: J Neurosci Res 43:315-330, 1996).
Chemical study of triterpenoid resinous materials in archaeological findings by means of direct exposure electron ionisation mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (2006)

A systematic study of standard triterpenes (alpha-amyrine, oleanolic acid, betulin, lupeol, betulinic acid and lupenone) and of raw resinous materials (frankincense resin, mastic resin and birch bark pitch) was performed using direct exposure electron ionisation mass spectrometry (DE-MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). DE-MS provides a mass spectral fingerprint of organic materials in a few minutes which highlights the compounds that are the main components in the sample. The application of principal component analysis (PCA) on DE-MS data in the mass ranges m/z 181-260 and m/z 331-500, corresponding to the fragmentation of triterpenoid molecules, enabled us to distinguish between different triterpenoid materials such as mastic resin, frankincense resin and birch bark pitch, and to graphically plot the resinous substances in three separate clusters, retaining 89% of the total variance. GC/MS analysis of the same materials has permitted us to elucidate in detail the molecular composition and to identify minor components and species that act as markers of the degradation undergone by the materials. The paper also reports the results for the organic residues contained in an Egyptian censer (5th-7th century AD) which was recovered in the excavation of the Necropolis of Antinoe (Egypt), and for the hafting material found on a Palaeolithic tool recovered at the site of Campitello (Arezzo, Tuscany), dating back to the Mid-Pleistocene period. Although DE-MS was found to be a fast analytical tool, it failed to give any information on the presence of less abundant compounds when applied to mixtures of different materials: only mastic resin was found in the residues from the Roman censer, whereas GC/MS analysis identified the presence of a vegetable oil from Brassicaceae seeds and Pinaceae resin. Birch bark pitch as a pure material was identified in the sample from the Palaeolithic flint flake using both procedures.
Lateral wet oxidation of AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs depending on its structures (1996)

Data are presented demonstrating that the lateral wet oxidation of Al(Ga)As layer is strongly influenced by its thicknesses and heterointerface structures as well as Al compositions. The oxidation length decreases rapidly with decreasing AlAs thickness in the range of &amp;lt;80 nm and oxidation nearly stops at a thickness of ∼11 nm. Also, the oxidation rate of AlxGa1−xAs decreases quickly with decreasing Al composition, providing a high degree of oxidation selectivity. AlGaAs layers on both sides of AlAs layer reduce the lateral oxidation rate which is enhanced by the stress induced by oxidized AlAs.
Penetration and corrosion of magnesia grain by silicate slags (2000)

Penetration and corrosion resistance of high purity sintered and fused magnesia grain by model EAF (CaO/SiO2 = 1·38) and BOF ‘late’ slags (CaO/SiO2 = 3·29) at 1600 and 1700°C were investigated by SEM, EDS, and XRD analysis. Thermodynamic calculations were performed to assist interpretation of the reaction processes involved. At the test temperatures, Fe andMn ions from both model slags diffused into themagnesia grain to form a magnesiowustite, (Mg,Fe,Mn)O. The magnesiowustite directly adjacent to the slag had a much larger crystal size than that of the bulk MgO far from the MgO/slag interface. The large magnesiowustite grains limit the potential for grain boundary penetration into the sintered magnesia. The magnesiowustite layer formed with the EAF slag took up more FexO from the slag than that formed with the BOF slag, which was partially responsible for a lower slag penetration into sintered magnesia grain since the remaining silica rich local liquid was rendered more viscous. The EAF slag was not saturated with respect to MgO, so the magnesiowustite which did form later reacted with Ca and Si ions remaining at the MgO/EAF slag interface to form low melting phases such as merwinite, C3 MS2, and then dissolved into the slag, rendering the dissolution process essentially indirect. The BOF late slag was already oversaturated with respect to MgO, so slag penetration only occurred in the sintered magnesia grains.
Immunological treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (1991)

Till now the therapeutic immunomodulation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been non-specific, using either slow acting drugs which act mainly but not exclusively on macrophages (gold salts) or on T CD4+ cells (D penicillamine), or immunostimulating agents (Levamisole) or immunodepressive drugs which do not affect a specific subpopulation of lymphocytes. Various other therapeutic approaches such as dietic manipulations, steroid pulses and plasmapheresis have been proposed. Methotrexate is a very interesting development in the treatment of RA. However, the results of such treatments on the long term outcome of the disease have been unsatisfactory. Early and associated treatments must be studied. After the interesting experimental results obtained with thoracic duct drainage, a partially specific immunotherapy acting mainly on CD4+ T cells has been developed using cyclosporin A and total lymphoid irradiation. However, a more specific immunotherapy of RA may be considered, using monoclonal or polyclonal anti-HLA class II antibodies or anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies. Immunomodulating treatments with cytokines or anticytokines, anti-T receptor monoclonal antibodies, anti-idiotypic antibodies, and vaccination with T cell clones or synthetic peptides are possibilities of major interest for the future.
Optical Sensing of Parts per Million Levels of Water in Organic Solvents Using Redox-Active Osmium Chromophore-Based Monolayers (2006)

Optical sensing of parts per million (ppm)-levels of H2O (10-300 ppm) in an organic solvent with robust, osmium chromophore-based monolayers is demonstrated. The H2O-induced reduction of the covalently bound osmium(III) complex is fully reversible and can be readily monitored by UV/vis absorption spectroscopy. The thermally robust sensor can be reactivated chemically within 3 min.
The importance of regulatory T‐cell heterogeneity in maintaining self‐tolerance (2014)

CD4(+) Forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the major cell type that mediates dominant tolerance in the periphery. Over the past decade, extensive study of Tregs has revealed that these cells express substantial heterogeneity to maintain tolerance and regulate immune responses. Tregs possess heterogeneity with respect to their origin and processes for development, functional activity, migratory pattern, and activation status. Some of the same environmental cues and molecular pathways utilized to generate specialized T-effector cells are also integrated by Tregs to colocalize and fine-tune suppressive mechanisms to optimally regulate and restrain distinctive self and antigen-specific T-cell responses. Here, we review our current understanding and significance of Treg heterogeneity in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance. We also highlight recent work from our laboratory that has studied the extent phenotypically distinct Treg subsets are related to each other and expand in an ordered fashion to give rise to highly activated short-lived Klrg1(+) suppressor cells to optimize immune regulation and maintain homeostasis of the Treg compartment.
Pilot dose–response trial of i.v. ketamine in treatment-resistant depression (2014)

This is the first trial to present dose-response data of ketamine efficacy and psychomimetic effects in depressed subjects. Antidepressant efficacy may be dose-related. Psychotomimetic effects were dose-related. Rapid infusion over 2 min may not be a feasible clinical approach to treatment, given poor tolerability.
High-Precision 2.4 GHz DSSS RF Ranging (2011)

Precision ranging radios are a critical aid to integrated locating, tracking, navigation, and guidance systems, especially when GPS service is degraded or unavailable [5]. In this work, a high-precision, software-defined, round-trip time-of-flight, direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) ranging radio operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band is presented. This system builds upon our previous brassboard implementation at 915 MHz [1, 2], and continues ENSCO’s decade-long research in this area [6, 7] with system enhancements bringing the performance closer to the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for round-trip DSSS time-of-flight ranging. 

The system is capable of performing 217 independent range measurements per second with measurement standard deviation as low as 2.5 cm in a benign line-of-sight RF environment. The system achieves high distance linearity and low intercept offset using a single-point calibration method. The ranging performance has been characterized at distances in excess of 1 kilometer and in indoor line-of-sight situations.
Purification and Characterization of Soluble Human IL-6 Receptor Expressed in CHO Cells (1990)

An immunosorbent assay system to detect genetically engineered IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) was established, whereby soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) was detected in the culture medium when sIL-6R cDNA was transfected into COS1 cells. A stably transformed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line constitutively expressing sIL-6R has been established. The recombinant sIL-6R was purified to homogeneity by sequential filtration and chromatography of the culture medium. The recombinant sIL-6R augmented the sensitivity of M1 cells to IL-6 in growth inhibition assay in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, a radioisotope immunosorbent assay (RIA) utilizing recombinant sIL-6R was established which could detect IL-6 in a quantity as low as 10 ng/ml.
A Convenient Method for the Efficient Removal of Ruthenium Byproducts Generated during Olefin Metathesis Reactions (2001)

[reaction in text] An efficient method for removing ruthenium byproducts generated during olefin metathesis reactions with Grubbs catalysts is described. Treatment of the crude reaction products with triphenylphosphine oxide or dimethyl sulfoxide, followed by filtration through silica gel, was found to be a practical and effective method to remove colored ruthenium byproducts.
Assays for monitoring cellular immune responses to active immunotherapy of cancer. (2001)

Numerous cancer immunotherapy strategies are currently being tested in clinical trials. Although clinical efficacy will be the final test of these approaches, the long and complicated developmental pathway for these agents necessitates evaluating immunological responses as intermediate markers of the most likely candidates for success. This has emphasized the need for assays that accurately detect and quantitate T cell-mediated, antigen-specific immune responses. This review evaluates the currently used in vivo and in vitro methods of assessing T-cell number and function, including delayed-type hypersensitivity, tetramer analysis, ELISPOT, flow cytometry-based analysis of cytokine expression, and PCR-based detection of T-cell receptor gene usage or cytokine production. We provide examples of how each has been used to monitor recent clinical trials and a discussion of how well each correlates with clinical outcome.
Comparison of Propofol‐Lipuro with propofol mixed with lidocaine 10 mg on propofol injection pain (2004)

A common drawback of propofol is pain on injection and lidocaine is commonly mixed with propofol to reduce its incidence and severity. We conducted a randomised, prospective, double-blind study to compare injection pain following the administration of two different formulations of propofol in 200 unpremedicated ASA I-III adult patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Patients were allocated randomly into two groups to receive either Propofol-Lipuro without added lidocaine or Diprivan mixed with lidocaine 10 mg. Five ml of the study solution was injected at a constant rate over 15 s and patients graded any associated pain or discomfort using a four-point verbal rating scale. The incidence of propofol injection pain was virtually identical in both study groups with 37/98 (38%) patients experiencing pain or discomfort following Propofol-Lipuro compared with 35/98 (36%) after Diprivan (p = 0.88). We observed no significant difference in pain scores between the groups (p = 0.67). Moderate or severe injection pain was experienced by 12/98 (12%) patients given Propofol-Lipuro compared with 8/98 (8%) given Diprivan (p = 0.48).
Responses to Intradermal Injections of Substance P in Psoriasis Patients with Pruritus (2009)

Intradermally injected substance P induced pruritus, flare and wheal in psoriasis patients. However, these responses did not differ significantly from those of the healthy controls.
Cartoon (2006)

Research Article| May 01 2006 Cartoon Joshua Brown Joshua Brown Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Labor (2006) 3 (2): 4–5. https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-2005-002 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Joshua Brown; Cartoon. Labor 1 May 2006; 3 (2): 4–5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-2005-002 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsLabor Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Labor and Working-Class History Association2006 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Arts and Media You do not currently have access to this content.
Synthesis of 2-dialkylamino-6- and 7-hydroxy-5,8-dioxoquinolines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2-dialkylamino-6- and 7-hydroxy-5,8-dioxoquinolinesGeorge R. Pettit and Wayne C. FlemingCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 23, 3490–3493Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00822a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (628 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Asymmetric syntheses of optically active .alpha.,.beta.-disubstituted .beta.-amino acids (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric syntheses of optically active .alpha.,.beta.-disubstituted .beta.-amino acidsKevin Burgess, Lee T. Liu, and Biman PalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 17, 4758–4763Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00069a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00069a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views684Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A mammalian DNA-binding protein that contains a chromodomain and an SNF2/SWI2-like helicase domain. (1993)

Two overlapping cDNAs that encode a 197-kDa sequence-selective DNA-binding protein were isolated from libraries derived from mouse lymphoid cell mRNA. In addition to a DNA-binding domain, the protein contains both a chromodomain, which occurs in proteins that are implicated in chromatin compaction, and an SNF2/SWI2-like helicase domain, which occurs in proteins that are believed to activate transcription by counteracting the repressive effects of chromatin structure. A Southern blot analysis indicated that this protein, which we have named CHD-1, for chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein, is present in most, if not all, mammalian species. A Northern blot analysis revealed multiple CHD mRNA components that differed both qualitatively and quantitatively among various cell types. The various mRNAs, which are probably produced by alternative RNA processing, could conceivably encode tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific isoforms of the protein. Based on its interesting combination of features, we suspect that CHD-1 plays an important role in gene regulation.
Small molecule glucokinase activators as novel anti-diabetic agents (2005)

The monomeric enzyme GK (glucokinase) has a low affinity for glucose and, quantitatively, is largely expressed in the liver and pancreatic beta-cells, playing a key 'glucose sensing' role to regulate hepatic glucose balance and insulin secretion. Mutations of GK in man can be inactivating, to cause a form of diabetes mellitus, or activating, to lower blood glucose levels. Recently, models of GK protein structure have helped to elucidate the role of inactivating and activating mutations, with the latter revealing an allosteric binding site, possibly for an unknown physiological activator. However, this discovery was pre-dated by Drug Discovery projects that have identified small organic molecules that activate pancreatic and liver GK enzyme activity. These compounds stimulate insulin secretion in islets and glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. The profile of these GK activators, both in vitro and in vivo and the potential role that GK activators play in lowering blood glucose levels in Type II diabetes mellitus will be discussed.
Photonic surfaces for surface-plasmon polaritons (1997)

We examine the propagation of surface-plasmon polaritons on textured surfaces. Specifically, we look at how a grating surface produces a band gap in the propagation of this mode and how the band gap depends on the propagation direction of the mode. This naturally leads to a discussion of a surface profile suitable for blocking surface mode propagation in all directions. By using a diffractive-optics-based theoretical modeling approach we examine the requirements for such a surface. We then confirm these expectations experimentally by producing a surface exhibiting a band gap for surface-plasmon polariton modes in all directions in the energy range 1.91–2.00 eV.
Health Facility Guidelines - Australasian Health Facility Guidelines in NSW - NSW Health (2008)

Health Facility Guidelines - Australasian Health Facility Guidelines in NSW , The guideline provides information on the NSW Health requirements regarding the application of the Australasian Health Facility Guidelines to capital developments in NSW.
Transmission of the human polyomavirus JC virus occurs both within the family and outside the family (1994)

JC polyomavirus (JCV) is a ubiquitous symbiote in the human population, infecting children asymptomatically and then persisting in renal tissue. We reevaluated the urinary excretion of JCV in subjects in various age groups using PCR. The detection rate for urinary JCV DNA was 9 to 17% until the age of 20 years; this rate increased dramatically to about 46% at the ages of 20 to 29 years and then increased gradually with age. Therefore, it appears that in most people excretion of JCV begins at the age of 20 to 29 years, which is earlier than suggested previously. Next, we studied the way in which JCV is spread in the human population. We selected eight Japanese families in which both parents and children excreted JCV in their urine. Their JCV subtypes were determined by PCR amplification of a JCV DNA fragment; this was followed by restriction enzyme analysis. JCV species in all JCV-positive family members were classified into either of the two subtypes, subtypes CY and MY, which are prevalent in the Japanese population. The following features of JCV subtype distribution were seen in the families: (i) both subtypes were detected in children of five of the eight families, and (ii) of 21 children who excreted JCV, 14 children excreted the same subtypes excreted by their mothers or fathers, while the remainder (7 children) excreted subtypes different from those excreted by their parents. These features suggest that JCV is transmitted both within the family and outside the family. The data also indicate that vertical transmission is not common in the spread of JCV.
Decreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Particle Size, Preβ-, and Large HDL Subspecies Concentration in Finnish Low-HDL Families (2006)

The decreased levels of HDL2b and prebeta-HDL reflect the potentially efflux-deficient HDL subspecies profile in the affected low-HDL family members. Decreased HDL particle size caused by the decrease of plasma concentration of HDL2b and decreased prebeta-HDL levels correlate with increased IMT.