gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of recombinant human p50csk protein-tyrosine kinase from an Escherichia coli expression system overproducing the bacterial chaperones GroES and GroEL. (1995)

An Escherichia coli expression system overproducing the bacterial chaperones GroES and GroEL was engineered and has been successfully used to produce large quantities of the recombinant human protein-tyrosine kinase p50csk. The co-overproduction of the two chaperones with p50csk results in increased solubility of the kinase and allows purification of milligram amounts of active enzyme. Analysis of the purified protein by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals a single band with an apparent molecular mass of 50 kDa, indicating that recombinant human p50csk has been purified to near homogeneity. The purified enzyme displays tyrosine kinase activity as measured by both autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous substrates. Biochemical properties, including in vitro substrate specificity and enzymatic characteristics of the enzyme, have been assessed and compared with those of members of the Src family of protein-tyrosine kinases. Results indicate that p50csk and p56lck have different substrate specificities and that p50csk and p60c-src have similar kinetic parameters. The successful production and purification of an enzymatically active form of p50csk will enable further characterization of this important kinase and allow clarification of its physiological role. In addition, the results suggest that the approach described may be generally applicable to improve the solubility of recombinant proteins which otherwise are produced in an insoluble form in E. coli.
A Phase I vaccine trial using dendritic cells pulsed with autologous oxidized lysate for recurrent ovarian cancer (2013)

This study uses a novel autologous tumor vaccine developed with 4-day DCs pulsed with oxidized lysate to elicit antitumor response. Furthermore, the combination of bevacizumab with a whole tumor antigen vaccine has not been tested in the clinic. Finally the combination of bevacizumab and metronomic cyclophosphamide in immunotherapy is novel.
Increased genetic instability of the common fragile site at 3p14 after integration of exogenous DNA. (1992)

We determined previously that the selectable marker pSV2neo is preferentially inserted into chromosomal fragile sites in human x hamster hybrid cells in the presence of an agent (aphidicolin) that induces fragile-site expression. In contrast, cells transfected without fragile-site induction showed an essentially random integration pattern. To determine whether the integration of marker DNA at fragile sites affects the frequency of fragile-site expression, the parental hybrid and three transfectants (two with pSV2neo integrated at the fragile site at 3p14.2 [FRA3B] and specific hamster fragile sites [chromosome 1, bands q26-31, or mar2, bands q11-13] and one with pSV2neo integrated at sites that are not fragile sites) were treated with aphidicolin. After 24 h the two cell lines with plasmid integration at FRA3B showed structural rearrangements at that site; these rearrangements accounted for 43%-67% of the total deletions and translocations observed. Structural rearrangements were not observed in the parental cell line. After 5 d aphidicolin treatment, the observed excess in frequency of structural rearrangements at FRA3B in the cell lines with pSV2neo integration at 3p14 over that in the two lines without FRA3B integration was less dramatic, but nonetheless significant. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of these cells, using a biotin-labeled pSV2neo probe, showed results consistent with the gross rearrangements detected cytogenetically in the lines with FRA3B integration; however, the pSV2neo sequences were frequently deleted concomitantly with translocations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fabrication of 128-channel arrayed-waveguide gratingmultiplexer with 25 GHz channel spacing (1996)

A 128-channel arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexer with 0.2 nm (25 GHz) channel spacing at 1.55 µm has been fabricated using a planar lightwave circuit (PLC). The authors obtained a crosstalk of less than –16 dB to neighbouring and all other channels. The on-chip insertion loss ranged from 3.5 to 5.9 dB for central and peripheral output ports, respectively.
Conserved pathways within bacteria and yeast as revealed by global protein network alignment (2003)

We implement a strategy for aligning two protein-protein interaction networks that combines interaction topology and protein sequence similarity to identify conserved interaction pathways and complexes. Using this approach we show that the protein-protein interaction networks of two distantly related species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Helicobacter pylori, harbor a large complement of evolutionarily conserved pathways, and that a large number of pathways appears to have duplicated and specialized within yeast. Analysis of these findings reveals many well characterized interaction pathways as well as many unanticipated pathways, the significance of which is reinforced by their presence in the networks of both species.
AMP-activated protein kinase can induce apoptosis of insulin-producing MIN6 cells through stimulation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (2003)

We have recently shown that conditions known to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in primary beta-cells can trigger their apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that this is also the case in the MIN6 beta-cell line, which was used to investigate the underlying mechanism. Sustained activation of AMPK was induced by culture with the adenosine analogue AICA-riboside or at low glucose concentrations. Both conditions induced a sequential activation of AMPK, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and caspase-3. The effects of AMPK on JNK activation and apoptosis were demonstrated by adenoviral expression of constitutively active AMPK, a condition which reproduced the earlier-described AMPK-dependent effects on pyruvate kinase and acetyl-coA-carboxylase. The effects of JNK activation on apoptosis were demonstrated by the observations that (i). its inhibition by dicumarol prevented caspase-3 activation and apoptosis, (ii). adenoviral expression of the JNK-interacting scaffold protein JIP-1/IB-1 increased AICA-riboside-induced JNK activation and apoptosis. In primary beta-cells, AMPK activation was also found to activate JNK, involving primarily the JNK 2 (p54) isoform. It is concluded that prolonged stimulation of AMPK can induce apoptosis of insulin-producing cells through an activation pathway that involves JNK, and subsequently, caspase-3.
The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens of 1789, the Reign of Terror, and the Revolutionary Tribunal of Paris (1990)

This article will consider a number of the legal aspects of the French Revolution especially relevant to the American experience. Among these are the terms of the Declaration of Rights; the American contributions toward its enactment; the failure of the French to enforce the Declaration's guarantees through an independent judiciary; and the abuses of legal procedure and governmental power which occurred during the Reign of Terror.
Efficacy and Safety of Venlafaxine in the Treatment of Bipolar II Major Depressive Episode (1998)

As many as 45% of patients with major depression also meet diagnostic criteria for bipolar (BP) II disorder. Although the use of a concurrent mood-stabilizing drug has been suggested in treating BP II depression, antidepressant monotherapy has received less attention. The efficacy and safety of venlafaxine were examined in 17 BP II (mean+/-SD; age, 41+/-14 years) versus 31 unipolar (UP) (45+/-14 years) patients with major depression. Minimum pretreatment Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D21) score was > or = 20. After a 1-week placebo lead-in, patients were randomly assigned to receive double-blind treatment with once- versus twice-daily venlafaxine dosing starting at 37.5 mg daily and increasing up to 225 mg daily. Patients were evaluated weekly for efficacy using the HAM-D21, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale. We observed a similar overall efficacy in BP and UP patients by 6 weeks of treatment (p = not significant). However, we also observed a more rapid reduction of HAM-D21 (p < 0.03) and MADRS (p < 0.02) scores by week 2 of treatment in BP patients who completed the entire trial. No episodes of venlafaxine-induced "manic switch" were observed in either patient group. In conclusion, our preliminary findings suggest that short-term, 6-week venlafaxine treatment may be a safe and effective antidepressant monotherapy for BP II major depression.
THE RETROVIRAL ENZYMES (1994)

We have reviewed the current state of knowledge concerning the three enzymes common to all retroviruses. It is informative to consider them together, since their activities are interrelated. The enzymatic activities of RT and IN depend on processing of polyprotein precursors by PR. Furthermore, RT produces the viral DNA substrate to be acted upon by IN. All three of these retroviral enzymes function as multimers, and it is conceivable that specific polyprotein precursor interactions facilitate the multimerization of all of them. The multimeric structures of the enzymes are, however, quite different. PR is a symmetric homodimer whose subunits contribute to formation of a single active site. RT (of HIV, at least) is an asymmetric heterodimer in which one subunit appears to contribute all of the catalytic activity and the second is catalytically inactive, but structurally important. IN also functions minimally as a dimer for processing and joining. The retroviral enzymes represent important targets for antiviral therapy. Considerable effort continues to be focused on developing PR and RT inhibitors. As more is learned about IN, such efforts can be extended. Since these enzymes are critical at different stages in the retroviral life cycle, one optimistic hope is that a combination of drugs that target all of them may be maximally effective as therapy for AIDS.
Nanostructured, Infrared‐Transparent Magnesium‐Aluminate Spinel with Superior Mechanical Properties (2011)

Here, we show that nanostructured magnesium‐aluminate spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) with a highly uniform grain‐size distribution can be fabricated using Y 2 O 3 sintering additive for infrared (IR) window/dome applications. The average grain size of this nanostructured spinel is 345 nm, and the size of the largest grain is 970 nm. As a consequence this nanostructured spinel has high room‐temperature strength (470 MPa) and reliability (Weibull modulus 6.2). It also has improved erosion resistance (sand and rain) and thermal‐shock resistance. Near‐theoretical in‐line IR transmission is observed in this nanostructured spinel at room temperature, with an optical scatter of &lt;0.2/cm at 3.39 μm wavelength.
Amitraz and its metabolite differentially activate α‐ and β‐adrenergic‐like octopamine receptors (2016)

Although both amitraz and DPMF acted as OAR agonists, the metabolite DPMF was more potent than amitraz and differentially activated α- and β-AL OARs. The present findings provide a basis for studies to examine the mechanism of amitraz resistance and to develop novel acaricides and insecticides. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
1,3,4-Oxadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, and 1,2,4-triazole analogs of the fenamates: in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activities (1993)

N-Arylanthranilic acids, known generically as the fenamates, are nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that block the metabolism of arachidonic acid by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (CO). Substitution of the carboxylic acid functionality of several fenamates with acidic heterocycles provided dual inhibitors of CO and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) activities when tested in an intact rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cell line. Compound 5b (IC50 = 0.77 microM (5-LO), 0.27 microM (CO)) which contains an 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione replacement and 10b (IC50 = 0.87 microM (5-LO), 0.85 microM (CO)) which contains a 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione are the most potent inhibitors of 5-LO and CO activities from these series. Both of these heterocyclic analogs of flufenamic acid are also active in carageenin-induced rat footpad edema (CFE), a model of acute inflammation. When dosed orally the ID50s for 5b and 10b in CFE are 8.5 and 4.7 mg/kg, respectively.
Reactive Oxygen Species, Isotope Effect, Essential Nutrients, and Enhanced Longevity (2007)

A method is proposed that has the potential to lessen detrimental damages caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other components in living cells. Typically, ROS oxidize substrates by a mechanism involving hydrogen abstraction in a rate-limiting step. The sites within these (bio)molecules susceptible to oxidation by ROS can thus be "protected " using heavier isotopes such as (2)H (D, deuterium) and (13)C (carbon-13). Ingestion of isotopically reinforced building blocks such as amino acids, lipids and components of nucleic acids and their subsequent incorporation into macromolecules would make these more stable to ROS courtesy of an isotope effect. The implications may include enhanced longevity and increased resistance to cancer and age-related diseases.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure: biventricular pacing and beyond (2002)

In the early 1990s, attempts at treating patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and end-stage heart failure by using right-sided, dual-chamber pacing met with equivocal results. Although initially discouraging, this work did provide further insight into the electromechanical consequences of advanced heart failure and suggested that atrial-synchronized biventricular pacing, or cardiac resynchronization therapy, might provide better and more consistent symptomatic and hemodynamic improvement. Several studies have recently validated the safety and efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy in advanced heart failure. Data from these studies have shown statistically significant improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association class, exercise tolerance, and quality of life. Observed reductions in morbidity and mortality await confirmation from ongoing large-scale outcomes studies. This article reviews the evolution of pacing in heart failure and discusses the underlying mechanisms that are potentially responsible for the improvement seen in patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy. In addition, the results of recently completed clinical trials, as well as the status of ongoing clinical trials, are reviewed.
Arthroscopic Repair of Full-Thickness Tears of the Supraspinatus: Does the Tendon Really Heal? (2005)

Arthroscopic repair of an isolated supraspinatus detachment commonly leads to complete tendon healing. The absence of healing of the repaired rotator cuff is associated with inferior strength. Patients over the age of sixty-five years (p = 0.001) and patients with associated delamination of the subscapularis and/or the infraspinatus (p = 0.02) have significantly lower rates of healing.
Thrombospondin causes activation of latent transforming growth factor- beta secreted by endothelial cells by a novel mechanism [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1993 Sep;122(5):following 1143] (1993)

Thrombospondin (TSP) forms specific complexes with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in the alpha granule releasate of platelets and these TSP-TGF-beta complexes inhibit the growth of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAE). In these studies, we report that TSP stripped of associated TGF-beta (sTSP) retained growth inhibitory activity which was partially reversed by a neutralizing antibody specific for TGF-beta. Since BAE cells secrete latent TGF-beta, we determined whether sTSP activates the latent TGF-beta secreted by BAE cells. Cells were cultured with or without sTSP and then the conditioned medium was tested for the ability to support TGF-beta-dependent normal rat kidney (NRK) colony formation in soft agar. Medium conditioned with sTSP showed a dose- and time-dependent ability to stimulate BAE-secreted TGF-beta activity, reaching maximal activation by 1-2 h with 0.4 micrograms/ml (0.9 nM) sTSP. The sTSP-mediated stimulation of TGF-beta activity is not dependent on serum factors and is not a general property of extracellular matrix molecules. The sTSP-mediated stimulation of TGF-beta activity was blocked by a mAb specific for sTSP and by neutralizing antibodies to TGF-beta. Activation of BAE cell secreted latent TGF-beta by sTSP can occur in the absence of cells and apparently does not require interactions with cell surface molecules, since in conditioned medium removed from cells and then incubated with sTSP, activation occurs with kinetics and at levels similar to what is seen when sTSP is incubated in the presence of cells. Serine proteases such as plasmin are not involved in sTSP-mediated activation of TGF-beta. Factors that regulate the conversion of latent to active TGF-beta are keys to controlling TGF-beta activity. These data suggest that TSP is a potent physiologic regulator of TGF-beta activation.
Human plasma gelsolin binds to fibronectin. (1984)

Human plasma gelsolin, a 93,000-dalton actin-binding protein binds to human plasma fibronectin. Qualitative data obtained from experiments employing quasi-elastic light scattering, sucrose gradient sedimentation, gel filtration chromatography, and fibronectin polymerization indicate that gelsolin and fibronectin form a complex in solution. Solid-phase binding studies show that both human plasma and rabbit macrophage gelsolin bind to immobilized fibronectin with a Kd of about 1 microM in a 1:1 complex. The ability of gelsolin to interact with actin was not affected by the presence of fibronectin. Fibronectin also increased the amount of gelsolin binding to fibrin clots. Binding of gelsolin to fibronectin may serve to localize plasma gelsolin in regions where fibronectin is deposited, such as inflammatory sites.
1,2 and 1,4 Addition of ethylene to butadiene (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,2 and 1,4 Addition of ethylene to butadieneRichard K. LyonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 10, 3202Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01262a091https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01262a091research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of antibodies to influenza virus M protein by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1982)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test system was developed in which purified influenza virus M protein was used for the detection of M antibody in human sera. Antibody levels to influenza A virus M protein were monitored in sera from a vaccine study population by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique with purified M protein as the adsorbent antigen. A 10-fold variation in titers of preexisting M antibody was observed in this population of young adults. Increases of anti-M titer of 7- to 24-fold were observed upon immunization with Formalin-inactivated vaccine or after natural infection. The antibody response to M protein was dissociated from the response to the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase antigens. The M antibody response preceded or was coincident with the antibody response to H1 hemagglutinin upon natural exposure to circulating virus.
Emergence of the universal genetic code imprinted in an RNA record (2006)

The molecular basis of the genetic code manifests itself in the interaction of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and their cognate tRNAs. The fundamental biological question regarding these enzymes' role in the evolution of the genetic code remains open. Here we probe this question in a system in which the same tRNA species is aminoacylated by two unrelated synthetases. Should this tRNA possess major identity elements common to both enzymes, this would favor a scenario where the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases evolved in the context of preestablished tRNA identity, i.e., after the universal genetic code emerged. An experimental system is provided by the recently discovered O-phosphoseryl-tRNA synthetase (SepRS), which acylates tRNA(Cys) with phosphoserine (Sep), and the well known cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, which charges the same tRNA with cysteine. We determined the identity elements of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii tRNA(Cys) in the aminoacylation reaction for the two Methanococcus maripaludis synthetases SepRS (forming Sep-tRNA(Cys)) and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (forming Cys-tRNA(Cys)). The major elements, the discriminator base and the three anticodon bases, are shared by both tRNA synthetases. An evolutionary analysis of archaeal, bacterial, and eukaryotic tRNA(Cys) sequences predicted additional SepRS-specific minor identity elements (G37, A47, and A59) and suggested the dominance of vertical inheritance for tRNA(Cys) from a single common ancestor. Transplantation of the identified identity elements into the Escherichia coli tRNA(Gly) scaffold endowed facile phosphoserylation activity on the resulting chimera. Thus, tRNA(Cys) identity is an ancient RNA record that depicts the emergence of the universal genetic code before the evolution of the modern aminoacylation systems.
A chicken RAD51 homologue is expressed at high levels in lymphoid and reproductive organs (1993)

Comparisons of the amino acid sequences of three yeast RecA-like proteins, Rad51 and DMC1 from S.cerevisiae and Rad51 from S.pombe, revealed several highly conserved regions. Degenerated oligonucleotides encoding two of these regions were used for the polymerase chain reaction to clone a chicken RecA-like gene. The encoded protein shares 68% and 49% identical amino acids with the Rad51 and DMC1 proteins. The strong sequence conservation between the yeast and chicken genes indicates that RecA homologues are conserved throughout evolution from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. High expression of the chicken Rad51 gene was found within the organs of lymphoid and germ cell development suggesting its involvement in lymphoid and meiotic recombination.
Density of States and Zero Landau Level Probed through Capacitance of Graphene (2010)

We report capacitors in which a finite electronic compressibility of graphene dominates the electrostatics, resulting in pronounced changes in capacitance as a function of magnetic field and carrier concentration. The capacitance measurements have allowed us to accurately map the density of states D, and compare it against theoretical predictions. Landau oscillations in D are robust and zero Landau level (LL) can easily be seen at room temperature in moderate fields. The broadening of LLs is strongly affected by charge inhomogeneity that leads to zero LL being broader than other levels.
Rapamycin inhibition of eosinophil differentiation attenuates allergic airway inflammation in mice (2015)

Altogether these results clearly demonstrate a direct inhibitory role of rapamycin in eosinophil differentiation and function, and reemphasize the importance of rapamycin and possibly, mTOR, in allergic airway disease.