gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Teat-End Callosity and Occurrence of Clinical Mastitis (2001)

A longitudinal study in 15 herds, with a total of 2157 cows, was conducted to examine the relationship between teat-end callosity (TEC) and the incidence of clinical mastitis. During the 1.5-yr study period, clinical mastitis was diagnosed by the farmers based on clinical signs. Teat-end callosity was scored every month according to a teat-end callosity classification system, which discriminates between teat-end callosity thickness (TECT) and roughness (TECR). Differences in TECT between healthy and clinical mastitis quarters within infected cows were small but significant 3 mo before (0.13 higher), in the month during which the clinical mastitis occurred (0.08 higher), and in the following 2 mo (0.06 and 0.05 higher). To compare TECT and TECR between cows with and without clinical mastitis, 199 cows with clinical mastitis were paired with control cows based on herd, days in milk, and parity. Clinical mastitis cows had more TEC than their healthy herd mates, particularly when clinical mastitis occurred between the second and fifth months of lactation. Clinical Escherichia coli mastitis in the second or third month of lactation occurred in cows with less TEC than in cows with clinical mastitis caused by other pathogens. Clinical culture-negative, yeast, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter aerogenes mastitis cows had more TECT and TECR than other cows with clinical mastitis in the same month of lactation. Pointed teat ends had higher TECT and TECR than flat or inverted teat ends. Teat-end callosity thickness increased with a higher milk yield at peak production.
Efficient active fusion for decision-making via VOI approximation (2006)

Active fusion is a process that purposively selects the most informative information from multiple sources as well as combines these information for achieving a reliable result efficiently. This paper presents a general mathematical framework based on Influence Diagrams (IDs) for active fusion and timely decision making. Within this framework, an approximation algorithm is proposed to efficiently compute nonmyopic value-of-information (VOI) for multiple sensory actions. Meanwhile a sensor selection algorithm is proposed to choose optimal sensory action sets efficiently. Both the experiments with synthetic data and real data from a real-world application demonstrate that the proposed framework together with the algorithms are well suited to applications where the decision must be made efficiently and timely from dynamically available information of diverse and disparate sources.
Synthesis and Characterization of Red‐Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes for Solution‐Processable Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2009)

Abstract A new series of highly efficient red‐emitting phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes, (Et‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(pic‐N‐O), (Et‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(pic), (Et‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(acac), (EO‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(pic‐N‐O), (EO‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(pic), and (EO‐CVz‐PhQ) 2 Ir(acac), based on carbazole (CVz)‐phenylquinoline (PhQ) main ligands and picolinic acid N‐oxide (pic‐N‐O), picolinic acid (pic), and acetylacetone (acac) ancillary ligands, are synthesized for phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLEDs), and their photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent (EL) properties are investigated. All of the Ir(III) complexes have high thermal stability and emit an intense red light with an excellent color purity at CIE coordinates of (0.65,0.34). Remarkably, high‐performance solution‐processable PhOLEDs were fabricated using Ir(III) complexes with a pic‐N‐O ancillary ligand with a maximum external quantum efficiency (5.53%) and luminance efficiency (8.89 cd A −1 ). The novel use of pic‐N‐O ancillary ligand in the synthesis of phosphorescent materials is reported. The performance of PhOLEDs using these Ir(III) complexes correlates well with the results of density functional theory calculations.
The ONIOM (our own N-layered integrated molecular orbital + molecular mechanics) method for the first singlet excited (S1) state photoisomerization path of a retinal protonated Schiff base (2000)

By testing a large number of ONIOM (our own N-layered integrated molecular orbital + molecular mechanics) combinations against the standard complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method with the 6-31G(d) basis set, we have investigated the suitability of the ONIOM (molecular orbital + molecular orbital) method for the investigation of the first singlet excited state (S1) photoisomerization pathways in protonated Schiff bases (PSBs). For the isomerization reaction of an 11-nonhydrogen (H) PSB (10-non-H Schiff base plus one methyl group), ONIOM can accurately reproduce the standard CASSCF(10e/10o) (10 active electrons in 10 orbitals) results for only 10% of the computer time. The model system, which includes the protonated Schiff base group as well as the isomerization bond, was always treated at the CASSCF level. With the unrestricted Hartree–Fock first triplet state (T1) in the low level, the S1 energy profile is reproduced accurately, while time-dependent Hartree–Fock or single excitation configuration interaction in the low level reproduces the difference between the singlet ground state (S0) and S1 states very well. Using our ONIOM method, we also computed the first S1 isomerization energy profile of the entire retinal protonated Schiff base.
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE FOLLOWING SMALL BOWEL TRANSPLANTATION (1997)

The small bowel has a unique amount of closely associated lymphoid tissue in the form of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and Peyer's patches (PPs). It is rather unclear how this may affect the immune response to transplants involving small bowel. It is clear, however, that host-derived leukocytes infiltrate this lymphoid tissue very rapidly after transplantation of small bowel, which suggests the possibility of an early immune response within this compartment. To investigate this possibility, we analyzed, using a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, the level of cytokine transcripts within isolated MLNs and PPs for the first 7 days after small bowel transplantation. Heterotopic small bowel (n=32) transplants were performed using the following rat strain combinations: syngeneic Lewis (Lew)-->Lew (n=8), blood group D Agouti (DA)-->DA (n=8), allogeneic Lew-->DA (n=8), and allogeneic DA-->Lew (n=8). Two rats from each group were killed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after transplantation. RNA was prepared separately from PPs and MLNs before analysis of transcripts for interleukin (IL) 2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1alpha, and interferon (IFN) gamma. No increase in transcripts for IL-2 or IL-10 was observed in either PPs or MLNs of syngeneic grafts. A small rise in IL-6, IL-1alpha, and IFN-gamma transcripts was seen in MLNs and IFN-gamma transcripts in PPs of syngeneic grafts. In contrast, in allografts an extremely early increase in cytokine transcripts was observed; all cytokine transcripts tested were elevated within the first 24 hr after transplantation. Indeed, the peak response of both IL-2 and IL-10 occurred within 1 to 3 days after grafting. This early immune response in the lymphoid tissue may not be controlled by immunosuppression delivered only at the time of transplantation, and therefore may be responsible for the difficulty in achieving adequate immunosuppression in small bowel transplantation.
The mechanism of interaction between focused ultrasound and microbubbles in blood-brain barrier opening in mice (2011)

The activation of bubbles by an acoustic field has been shown to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but the trigger cause responsible for the physiological effects involved in the process of BBB opening remains unknown. Here, the trigger cause (i.e., physical mechanism) of the focused ultrasound-induced BBB opening with monodispersed microbubbles is identified. Sixty-seven mice were injected intravenously with bubbles of 1–2, 4–5, or 6–8 μm in diameter and the concentration of 107 numbers/ml. The right hippocampus of each mouse was then sonicated using focused ultrasound (1.5 MHz frequency, 100 cycles pulse length, 10 Hz pulse repetition frequency, 1 min duration). Peak-rarefactional pressures of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, or 0.60 MPa were applied to identify the threshold of BBB opening and inertial cavitation (IC). Our results suggest that the BBB opens with nonlinear bubble oscillation when the bubble diameter is similar to the capillary diameter and with inertial cavitation when it is not. The bubble may thus have to be in contact with the capillary wall to induce BBB opening without IC. BBB opening was shown capable of being induced safely with nonlinear bubble oscillation at the pressure threshold and its volume was highly dependent on both the acoustic pressure and bubble diameter.
Quantitative Determination of Allicin and Alliin from Garlic by HPLC* (1990)

The procedure for allicin synthesis could be improved. The time for HPLC analysis of allicin was shortened by the application of different isocratic elution systems. Calibration was performed by use of an allicin/silica gel adsorbate as external standard and its allicin content could be confirmed by different methods. L-(+)-Alliin was synthesized and applied as external standard for the quantitative determination of alliin by HPLC. Diastereoisomers had been separated by repeated recrystallization. Fresh ALLIUM SATIVUM bulbs from different origins were analyzed with respect to allicin content after complete enzymatic conversion of alliin; allicin contents found were in the range of 0.4%. The corresponding alliin contents were in the range of 0.9%. For a comparative evaluation of the alliin- and the allicin-HPLC determination methods, commercially available garlic preparations were analyzed, demonstrating that both methods are appropriate. However, the application of the HPLC system for allicin determination, in addition to providing information on the alliin-dependent allicin-generating capacity, enables the simultaneous quantification of allicin transformation products, such as ajoenes, dithiins, and alkyl sulfides. It was found that, for quantitative GLC analysis of allicin, allicin has to be used as an external standard.
Synthesis and Application of a Permanently Immobilized Olefin-Metathesis Catalyst (2000)

Immobilized on Merrifield polystyrene, catalyst 1 shows high activity and stability in different types of olefin metathesis. The products can be isolated in high purity by simple filtration, while the immobilized catalyst 1 can be recycled and used up to four times in the ring-closing metathesis of 2. Mes=methane sulfonate, Ts=toluene sulfonate, Cy=cyclohexyl.
Sequence of the env Gene of Some KwaZulu-Natal, South African Strains of HTLV Type I (1999)

Phylogenetic analysis of HTLV-I suggests three main subtypes, namely, cosmopolitan, Central African, and Australo-Melanesian. HTLV-I is endemic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. However, sequence data on the local strains are limited to the LTR region. The env gene of the local strain was amplified and sequenced from the peripheral blood of five seropositive individuals. Four had HTLV-I-associated myelopathy and one had infective eczema. The sequence analysis of the env gene showed a greater then 99% homology of the local strains. They were closely related to the North American strains (99.3%), followed by the Japanese strains (98.3-98.9%). Phylogenetic studies linked the local strains to the cosmopolitan subtype. This study provides new sequence data on the env gene of the local HTLV-I strain.
Translation Networks and Function Composition (1969)

A notation for specifying translation networks is analyzed and shown to be a special case of a notation for specifying functions. Cancellation of domains and ranges and associativity is derived more simply than in a previous paper by Sklansky, Finkelstein, and Russell.
A square-pyramidal tetrahedral vanadium phosphate framework solid incorporating propanediammonium dications. The structural characterization of (H3NCH2CH2CH2NH3)K[(VO)3(PO4)3] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA square-pyramidal tetrahedral vanadium phosphate framework solid incorporating propanediammonium dications. The structural characterization of (H3NCH2CH2CH2NH3)K[(VO)3(PO4)3]Victoria Soghomonian, Qin Chen, Robert C. Haushalter, and Jon ZubietaCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 11, 1595–1597Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00035a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00035a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Multiple Interactions between the ESCRT Machinery and Arrestin-Related Proteins: Implications for PPXY-Dependent Budding (2010)

Late domains are short peptide sequences encoded by enveloped viruses to promote the final separation of the nascent virus from the infected cell. These amino acid motifs facilitate viral egress by interacting with components of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery, ultimately leading to membrane scission by recruiting ESCRT-III to the site of viral budding. PPXY late (L) domains present in viruses such as murine leukemia virus (MLV) or human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) access the ESCRT pathway via interaction with HECT ubiquitin ligases (WWP1, WWP2, and Itch). However, the mechanism of ESCRT-III recruitment in this context remains elusive. In this study, we tested the arrestin-related trafficking (ART) proteins, namely, ARRDC1 (arrestin domain-containing protein 1) to ARRDC4 and TXNIP (thioredoxin-interacting protein), for their ability to function as adaptors between HECT ubiquitin ligases and the core ESCRT machinery in PPXY-dependent budding. We present several lines of evidence in support of such a role: ARTs interact with HECT ubiquitin ligases, and they also exhibit multiple interactions with components of the ESCRT pathway, namely, ALIX and Tsg101, and perhaps with an as yet unidentified factor. Additionally, the ARTs can be recruited to the site of viral budding, and their overexpression results in a PPXY-specific inhibition of MLV budding. Lastly, we show that WWP1 changes the ubiquitination status of ARRDC1, suggesting that the ARTs may provide a platform for ubiquitination in PPXY-dependent budding. Taken together, our results support a model whereby ARTs are involved in PPXY-mediated budding by interacting with HECT ubiquitin ligases and providing several alternative routes for ESCRT-III recruitment.
Nonlinear oscillators and high fidelity qubit state measurement in circuit quantum electrodynamics (2012)

This chapter analyzes the high excitation nonlinear response of the Jaynes–Cummings model in quantum optics when the qubit and cavity are strongly coupled. It studies the response in the parameter ranges appropriate for transmon qubits in the circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture. It focuses on the situation where the system behaves essentially as a nonlinear quantum oscillator and explores quantum and semi-classical dynamics. One of the central motivations is that under strong excitation tones, the nonlinear response can lead to qubit quantum state discrimination and the chapter then presents results for the cases when the qubit and cavity are on resonance or far off-resonance (dispersive).
Introducción: VIII Jornadas de Actualización en Psicogeriatría (2004)

Ultrasound image-guided anticancer drug delivery may enhance the antitumor effects of drugs without obvious side effects.
A robust power decoupler and maximum power point tracker topology for a grid-connected photovoltaic system (2008)

The exponential growth in the number of photovoltaic (PV) system installations verifies that solar power technology has become one of the promising energy resources. This paper introduces new control scheme and converter topology for low to medium power PV applications. Proposed topology provides independent MPPT and power decoupling without the use of bulky electrolytic capacitors. The grid-connected output stage is a current source inverter with a modified modulation strategy to inject a low harmonic current into the grid at unity power factor. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of MPPT, power decoupling and power injection into the grid at a high quality.
Recursive Deep Models for Discourse Parsing (2014)

Text-level discourse parsing remains a challenge: most approaches employ features that fail to capture the intentional, semantic, and syntactic aspects that govern discourse coherence. In this paper, we propose a recursive model for discourse parsing that jointly models distributed representations for clauses, sentences, and entire discourses. The learned representations can to some extent learn the semantic and intentional import of words and larger discourse units automatically,. The proposed framework obtains comparable performance regarding standard discoursing parsing evaluations when compared against current state-of-art systems.
Black box for surface vehicles ARGOS analysis and software development (2002)

This project is concerned with the formation of a digital system, capable of controlling several functions of a modern car, and of informing the driver by various ways, about subjects relevant to traffic safety and comfort. The system will be compatible with already existing automotive electronic systems, incorporating the possibility of developing a digital vehicle management solution.
Protein translocation across the yeast microsomal membrane is stimulated by a soluble factor. (1986)

We have found that a soluble activity present in the postribosomal supernatant fraction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae stimulates posttranslational translocation of yeast prepro-alpha-factor across yeast microsomal membranes. Stimulation of translocation is not due to a nonspecific affect on ATP levels. The activity is likely to be due to protein(s) as it is destroyed by N-ethylmaleimide, protease, or heat treatment but not by incubation with RNase. Its apparent sedimentation coefficient is approximately 9.6 S.
Specific amino acid substitutions in bacterioopsin: Replacement of a restriction fragment in the structural gene by synthetic DNA fragments containing altered codons (1984)

To study the mechanism of light-dependent proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin, we have introduced single-codon changes in the gene so as to produce the following specific amino acid substitutions in the protein: Tyr-185 to Phe, Pro-186 to Leu, Trp-189 to Phe, Ser-193 to Ala, and Glu-194 to Gln. The strategy involved replacement of a 62-base-pair restriction fragment by synthetic DNA duplexes containing the modified nucleotide sequences. This required a unique restriction site (Xho I) at Ile-203 which was created by oligonucleotide-directed point mutagenesis. The six DNA duplexes corresponding to the modified native and mutant restriction fragments were all prepared by DNA ligase-catalyzed joining of chemically synthesized deoxyribooligonucleotides. The bacterioopsin expression plasmids reconstructed by using the synthetic DNA fragments were characterized by restriction analysis and DNA sequence determination. An extremely rapid, efficient, and general method for purification of the synthetic oligonucleotides and of DNA fragments was developed.
Predictive prefetch in the Nemesis multimedia information service (1994)

Critical to the success of future multimedia services is the ability to provide fast access to stored information via communications networks. In the Nemesis project, we focus on application control protocols for delivering stored multimedia to a user. We are exploring adaptive rate control schemes that make use of predictive prefetch of information from remote storage servers as a strategy for coping with short-term network congestion. For users with low-end equipment or slow network connections, these protocols provide a degraded but still useful service. We also provide “better than being there” features such as variable playback rates with intelligible audio, and synchronization and linkage of multiple media.
Patents: A Managerial Perspective (1994)

Patent law is a topic that seems to frighten many managers, who seem to have largely abdicated the topic to engineers and attorneys. Presents an overview and analysis of patents to help educate managers on this topic. Discusses patent application, patent strategy, patents and the marketing mix, and patent control.
Review article: acid‐related disease – what are the unmet clinical needs? (2006)

Proton pump inhibitors have dramatically improved the management options available for patients with acid-related disorders. In patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, currently available proton pump inhibitors provide an excellent outcome for the majority; however, they do not provide optimal pH control in many. Proton pump inhibitors co-therapy reduces, but does not eliminate, the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and complications in patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, while in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it may be difficult to reach and maintain the current therapeutic target of intragastric pH of 6-7. This article reviews the effectiveness of current antisecretory therapy in these three acid-related diseases and areas of unmet clinical need. The potential role of a proton pump inhibitor with an extended duration of action and enhanced acid control from a single daily dose, particularly improved control at night, is discussed. Finally, therapy that could be administered without regard to time of day and/or food intake would offer dosing flexibility and thus have a positive effect on patients' compliance.
A distance measure between collections of distributions and its application to speaker recognition (2002)

This paper presents a distance measure for evaluating the closeness of two sets of distributions. The job of finding the distance between two distributions has been addressed with many solutions present in the literature. To cluster speakers using the pre-computed models of their speech, a need arises for computing a distance between these models which are normally built of a collection of distributions such as Gaussians (e.g., comparison between two HMM models). The definition of this distance measure creates many possibilities for speaker verification, speaker adaptation, speaker segmentation and many other related applications. A distance measure is presented for evaluating the closeness of a collection of distributions with centralized atoms such as Gaussians (but not limited to Gaussians). Several applications including some in speaker recognition with some results are presented using this distance measure.