gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second-tier cache management using write hints (2005)

Storage servers, as well as storage clients, typically have large memories in which they cache data blocks. This creates a two-tier cache hierarchy in which the presence of a first-tier cache (at the storage client) makes it more difficult to manage the second-tier cache (at the storage server). Many techniques have been proposed for improving the management of second-tier caches, but none of these techniques use the information that is provided by writes of data blocks from the first tier to help manage the second-tier cache. In this paper, we illustrate how the information contained in writes from the first tier can be used to improve the performance of the second-tier cache. In particular, we argue that there are very different reasons why storage clients write data blocks to storage servers (e.g., cleaning dirty blocks vs. limiting the time to recover from failure). These different types of writes can provide strong indications about the current state and future access patterns of a first-tier cache, which can help in managing the second-tier cache. We propose that storage clients inform the storage servers about the types of writes that they perform by passing write hints. These write hints can then be used by the server to manage the second-tier cache. We focus on the common and important case in which the storage client is a database system running a transactional (OLTP) workload. We describe, for this case, the different types of write hints that can be passed to the storage server, and we present several cache management policies that rely on these write hints. We demonstrate using trace driven simulations that these simple and inexpensive write hints can significantly improve the performance of the second-tier cache.
Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Unimproved and Improved Upland Grass Pastures (1999)

Bacterial community structure and diversity in rhizospheres in two types of grassland, distinguished by both plant species and fertilization regimen, were assessed by performing a 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis of DNAs extracted from triplicate soil plots. PCR products were cloned, and 45 to 48 clones from each of the six libraries were partially sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the resultant 275 clone sequences indicated that there was considerable variation in abundance in replicate unfertilized, unimproved soil samples and fertilized, improved soil samples but that there were no significant differences in the abundance of any phylogenetic group. Several clone sequences were identical in the 16S rDNA region analyzed, and the clones comprised eight pairs of duplicate clones and two sets of triplicate clones. Many clones were found to be most closely related to environmental clones obtained in other studies, although three clones were found to be identical to culturable species in databases. The clones were clustered into operational taxonomic units at a level of sequence similarity of >97% in order to quantify diversity. In all, 34 clusters containing two or more sequences were identified, and the largest group contained nine clones. A number of diversity, dominance, and evenness indices were calculated, and they all indicated that diversity was high, reflecting the low coverage of rDNA libraries achieved. Differences in diversity between sample types were not observed. Collector's curves, however, indicated that there were differences in the underlying community structures; in particular, there was reduced diversity of organisms of the alpha subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (alpha-proteobacteria) in improved soils.
FBC (Floating Body Cell) for embedded DRAM on SOI (2003)

The memory cell characteristics of the FBC (Floating Body Cell) have been experimentally verified by 0.175 /spl mu/m cell array for the first time. The FBC is a one-transistor gain cell, which is a suitable structure for the future embedded DRAM on SOI wafer. The memory cell layout and the process integration have been designed from the viewpoint of the logic process compatibility without sacrificing the data retention characteristics. The salicide process with the poly-Si plug is implemented into the process integration. The most important device characteristics for realizing the FBC is the threshold voltage difference (/spl Delta/ Vth) of the cell transistor between 1 state and 0 state. The key device parameters in order to enlarge the /spl Delta/ Vth are experimentally clarified. A /spl Delta/ Vth of 0.4 V has been obtained, which leads to 99.77% function bit yield of 96 Kbit ADM (Array Diagnostic Monitor). The retention time of 5 sec has been realized at the room temperature.
Persistent Replication of Hepatitis C Virus Replicons Expressing the β-Lactamase Reporter in Subpopulations of Highly Permissive Huh7 Cells (2003)

Progress toward development of better therapies for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been hampered by poor understanding of HCV biology and the lack of biological assays suitable for drug screening. Here we describe a powerful HCV replication system that employs HCV replicons expressing the beta-lactamase reporter (bla replicons) and subpopulations of Huh7 cells that are more permissive (or "enhanced") to HCV replication than naïve Huh7 cells. Enhanced cells represent a small fraction of permissive cells present among naïve Huh7 cells that is enriched during selection with replicons expressing the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (neo replicons). The level of permissiveness of cell lines harboring neo replicons can vary greatly, and the enhanced phenotype is usually revealed upon removal of the neo replicon with inhibitors of HCV replication. Replicon removal is responsible for increased permissiveness, since this effect could be reproduced either with alpha interferon or with an HCV NS5B inhibitor. Moreover, adaptive mutations present in the replicon genome used during selection do not influence the permissiveness of the resulting enhanced-cell population, suggesting that the mechanisms governing the permissiveness of enhanced cells are independent from viral adaptation. Because the beta-lactamase reporter allows simultaneous quantitation of replicon-harboring cells and reporter activity, it was possible to investigate the relationship between genome replication activity and the frequency with which transfected genomes can establish persistent replication. Our study demonstrates that differences in the replication potential of the viral genome are manifested primarily in the frequency with which persistent replication is established but modestly affect the number of replicons observed per replicon-harboring cell. Replicon copy number was found to vary over a narrow range that may be defined by a minimal number required for persistent maintenance and a maximum that is limited by the availability of essential host factors.
Lessons learned from a pilot project of an automatic vehicle location system in an urban winter maintenance operations setting. (2002)

This report documents the lessons learned during the evolution of the Virginia Department of Transportation's pilot project to use an automatic vehicle location (AVL) system during winter maintenance operations in an urban setting. AVL is a technology that locates vehicles using a global positioning system, monitors activities associated with the vehicle, transmits the location and activity information to a remote site, and displays the information on maps that are geo-referenced. An AVL system displays real-time information concerning the location and activity of vehicles and archives that information over an extended period for later analysis. The pilot project extended over three winter seasons from 1997 through 2000. Because of operational and institutional issues, system problems, and the mild winters during the life of the study, no financially quantifiable savings could be determined. The researchers concluded that AVL technology tracks vehicles performing winter maintenance operations to an acceptable degree of accuracy in a sufficiently timely manner and offered several suggestions to facilitate implementation.
Local type inference (2000)

We study two partial type inference methods for a language combining subtyping and impredicative polymorphism. Both methods are local in the sense that missing annotations are recovered using only information from adjacent nodes in the syntax tree, without long-distance constraints such as unification variables. One method infers type arguments in polymorphic applications using a local constraint solver. The other infers annotations on bound variables in function abstractions by propagating type constraints downward from enclosing application nodes. We motivate our design choices by a statistical analysis of the uses of type inference in a sizable body of existing ML code.
Effect of glow discharge treatment of substrates on parylene-substrate adhesion (1982)

A detailed investigation of the effect of argon, oxygen, and methane glow discharge (plasma) treatment of substrates on the adhesion characteristics of parylene polymer to a variety of substrates is reported. It is found that methane glow discharge treatment, which results in the deposition of a glow discharge polymer of methane on the substrate surface, is most effective in improving the bonding strength of the parylene polymer, while the oxygen glow discharge treatment which produces a hydrophilic substrate surface with no or insignificant polymer deposition is detrimental to parylene adhesion. The effect of argon glow discharge treatment may vary from true cleaning of the substrate surface to deposition of a thin layer of a polymeric coating produced by the simultaneous glow discharge polymerization of the ablated organic materials existing in the reactor and may or may not improve parylene adhesion. These results are supported by the Auger electron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements of the glow discharge-treated surfaces. Model studies using substrates of different surface free energies indicate that water-resistant adhesion of parylene polymer increases with the hydrophobicity of the substrate material and is in harmony with the above findings. From the viewpoint of adhesion the most advantageous and dependable effect is obtained with the methane plasma treatment. The treatment results not only in the formation of a more compatible, hydrophobic surface but also produces radical sites for covalent bonding with the parylene.
Genomics at work: the global gene response to enteric bacteria (2001)

Human beings contain complex societies of indigenous microbes, yet little is known about how resident bacteria shape our physiology. We colonized germ-free mice with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prominent component of the normal mouse and human intestinal microflora. Global intestinal transcriptional responses to colonization were observed with DNA microarrays, and the cellular origins of selected responses were established by laser-capture microdissection. The results reveal that this commensal bacterium modulates expression of genes involved in several important intestinal functions, including nutrient absorption, mucosal barrier fortification, xenobiotic metabolism, angiogenesis, and postnatal intestinal maturation. These findings provide perspectives about the essential nature of the interactions between resident microorganisms and their hosts.
A new prediction method for tropospheric scintillation on Earth-space paths (1988)

A method of predicting scintillation fading occurring on Earth-space paths is proposed that is based on the data obtained from a low-elevation 14/11 GHz wave propagation experiment at Yamaguchi, Japan. This model includes parameters representing meteorological conditions that have not been covered in existing models and can be applied to broad regions with varying climates. The prediction accuracy of the method is evaluated using experimental data collected at four sites in the western part of Japan, as well as data reported thus far on a worldwide basis. Although data used for evaluation are limited, the model shows good prediction accuracy for frequencies from 7 to 14 GHz and elevation angles from 4 degrees to 30 degrees .< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Waveform substitution techniques for recovering missing speech segments in packet voice communications (1986)

Packet communication systems cannot, in general, guarantee accurate and prompt delivery of every packet. The effect of network congestion and transmission impairments on data packets is extended delay; in voice communications these problems lead to lost packets. When some speech packets are not available, the simplest response of a receiving terminal is to substitute silence for the missing speech. Here, we explore techniques for replacing missing speech with wave-form segments from correctly received packets in order to increase the maximum tolerable missing packet rate. After presenting a simple formula for predicting the probability of waveform substitution failure as a function of packet duration and packet loss rate, we introduce two techniques for selecting substitution waveforms. One method is based on pattern matching and the other technique explicitly estimates voicing and pitch. Both approaches achieve substantial improvements in speech quality relative to silence substitution. After waveform substitution, a significant component of the perceived distortion is due to discontinuities at packet boundaries. To reduce this distortion, we introduce a simple smoothing procedure.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors: a new class of potential therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. (2002)

HDAC[2][1] inhibitors are members of a new class of agents that modulate the expression of genes by causing an increase in histone acetylation, thereby regulating chromatin structure and transcription [(1][2] [, 2)][3] . In this issue, Sandor et al. [(3)][4] describe the results of a Phase I study
TCR gamma/delta positive lymphocytes after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (1992)

Peripheral gamma/delta+ T cells were studied in patients following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) by indirect immunofluorescence utilizing two monoclonal antibodies (G1 and A13) able to recognize the two major subpopulations (V delta 2+ and V delta 1+, respectively) of these cells. We found that the relative percentage of 'total' (gamma/delta+ T lymphocytes) (V delta 2 + V delta 1 positive cells), and particularly of G1+ (V delta 2+) cells, in CD3+ lymphocytes was higher in transplanted patients, and especially in those presenting with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), than in normal controls. This finding was confirmed by the analysis of the V delta 2+/V delta 1+ cell ratio which was again significantly higher in patients with aGVHD as compared to controls. Similarly, the absolute number of 'total' gamma/delta+ and V delta 2+ cells was also significantly increased in patients with aGVHD. TCR gamma/delta+ T cells increased as a function of time after BMT reaching a plateau value at about day 60 post-BMT. When patients were stratified for the presence or absence of aGVHD this correlation was maintained only for patients with aGVHD. Finally, most V delta 2+ cells expressed surface T cell activation markers such as CD25 (IL-2 receptor) and DR (MHC class II) antigens. Our results suggest a possible involvement of gamma/delta+ T cells and particularly of V delta 2+ cells in the clinical and immunological events (aGVHD) occurring after allogeneic BMT.
Photocycloaddition of arylazirenes with electron-deficient olefins (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocycloaddition of arylazirenes with electron-deficient olefinsAlbert Padwa and Joel SmolanoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 2, 548–550Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00731a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00731a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views522Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase I Study of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Flavopiridol in Combination With Paclitaxel in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors (2002)

The recommended phase II doses will be a 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel at 175 mg/m(2) on day 1 followed by a 24-hour infusion of flavopiridol at 70 mg/m(2) on day 2. Flavopiridol dose escalations to 80 mg/m(2) are possible. At these doses, toxicities are manageable and clinical activity is promising.
Efficient AlGaAs shallow-homojunction solar cells (1984)

Shallow-homojunction n+/p/p+ solar cells with one-sun, AM1 conversion efficiencies as high as 12.9% have been fabricated in Al0.2Ga0.8As epitaxial layers grown by organometallic chemical vapor deposition on single-crystal GaAs substrates. For these cells, which have n+ layers thinned by anodic oxidation to about 500 Å, the quantum efficiencies in the short-wavelength portion of the spectrum are as high as the best reported for AlGaAs cells with high band-gap window layers.
Experimental evaluation of fingerprint verification system based on double random phase encoding (2006)

We proposed a smart card holder authentication system that combines fingerprint verification with PIN verification by applying a double random phase encoding scheme. In this system, the probability of accurate verification of an authorized individual reduces when the fingerprint is shifted significantly. In this paper, a review of the proposed system is presented and preprocessing for improving the false rejection rate is proposed. In the proposed method, the position difference between two fingerprint images is estimated by using an optimized template for core detection. When the estimated difference exceeds the permissible level, the user inputs the fingerprint again. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by a computational experiment; its results show that the false rejection rate is improved.
Antimalarial Ocular Toxicity A Critical Appraisal (1998)

Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.L.), Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania(L.K.L.D., K.F.L.).
Ultra-fast aliasing analysis using CLA (2001)

We describe the design and implementation of a system for very fast points-to analysis. On code bases of about million lines of unpreprocessed C code, our system performs field-based Andersen-style points-to analysis in less than a second and uses less than 10MB of memory. Our two main contributions are a database-centric analysis architecture called compile-link-analyze (CLA), and a new algorithm for implementing dynamic transitive closure. Our points-to analysis system is built into a forward data-dependence analysis tool that is deployed within Lucent to help with consistent type modifications to large legacy C code bases.
Blood-Based Biomarkers of SU11248 Activity and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Metastatic Imatinib-Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (2007)

Monocytes, VEGF, and sVEGFR-2 were consistently modulated by treatment, suggesting that they may serve as pharmacodynamic markers for SU11248. Changes in CECs and monocytes, but not the plasma markers, differed between the patients with clinical benefit and those with progressive disease. These end points merit further investigation in future trials to determine their utility as markers of SU11248 activity and clinical benefit in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and other tumor types.
Chemical Synthesis and Biological Screening of 2‐Aminoimidazole‐Based Bacterial and Fungal Antibiofilm Agents (2010)

A collection of 2-aminoimidazole/triazole amides has been synthesized and screened for antibiofilm activity. This class of small molecules was found to modulate the biofilm activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB), a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain (MRSA), Escherichia coli, Rhodospirillum salexigens, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Vibrio vulnificus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium as well as the yeast Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Furthermore, lead compounds were found to not lyse red blood cells at active concentrations.
Antiglycative and neuroprotective activity of colon‐derived polyphenol catabolites (2011)

Some polyphenolic catabolites, generated in vivo in the colon, were able in vitro to counteract two key features of diabetic complications, i.e. protein glycation and neurodegeneration. These observations could lead to a better control of these events, which are usually correlated with hyperglycemia.
Carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein expression and monoclonal antibody targeting in a human hepatoma/nude mouse model. (1990)

Hep G2, a human hepatocellular carcinoma, was grown s.c. in nude mice, as well as in tissue culture. This line retains the normal liver parenchymal cell capacity to synthesize human plasma proteins such as albumin, but there is no indication that it harbors the hepatitis B virus. We have detected the oncofetal antigens alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in both Hep G2 xenografts and spent tissue culture media by Ouchterlony double diffusion assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistology. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the AFP levels were 544.9 ng/ml in the cell culture and 1.6 microgram/g in saline extracts of the xenograft. The CEA levels were 35.2 ng/ml in the cell culture and 5.4 micrograms/g in the xenograft. The biodistribution of a radioiodinated anti-AFP murine monoclonal antibody and an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody were studied separately in nude mice bearing s.c. Hep G2 xenografts in comparison to an isotype-matched irrelevant IgG (Ag8). Anti-CEA antibody showed a preferential localization for Hep G2, but anti-AFP antibody did not. Immunohistochemical studies of the Hep G2 tumor, using biotinylated anti-AFP and anti-CEA, indicate both cytoplasmic and luminal staining of CEA and AFP in the tumor. These results suggest that Hep G2 may be a useful cell line for radioimmunodetection and radioimmunotherapy studies using anti-CEA and possibly anti-AFP monoclonal antibodies.
Inhibition and dispersion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms with reverse amide 2-aminoimidazole oroidin analogues (2008)

The marine alkaloid oroidin along with a small library of reverse amide (RA) 2-aminoimidazoles were synthesized and assayed for anti-biofilm activity against PAO1 and PA14, two strains of the medically relevant gamma-proteobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analogues that contained a long, linear alkyl chain were more potent inhibitors than the natural product at preventing the formation of PAO1 and PA14 biofilms. The most active compound in the series was also shown to disperse established PAO1 and PA14 biofilms at low micromolar concentrations.