gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progenitor endothelial cells on vascular grafts: An ultrastructural study (2000)

The morphology of progenitor endothelial cells on vascular graft surfaces is addressed in this report. Such cells were seen to attach to intima-expressed CD34 and Flk-1 antigen and showed positive 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake. We examined CD34 and Flk-1 antigen-expressing endothelial progenitor cells three-dimensionally using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Under detailed CLSM observation, through an ameboid-form cell, these progenitor endothelial cells changed from a globular to a flattened form. We also investigated these morphological changes using scanning electron microscopy. From these results, progenitor endothelial cells were observed not only near the advancing edge of endothelium, but also around the developing intimal site. Their form also changed from globular to flattened as observed in the CLSM results. These morphological changes were seen more frequently near the advancing edge and around the developing intimal site. They attached directly to vascular prosthesis fibers and likewise covered the graft luminal surface. Progenitor endothelial cells in any form had a common surface structure. We conclude from our results that progenitor endothelial cells can attach to graft fibers directly without clotting and directly cover the graft luminal surfaces.
Characterization of the length-modulated radiometer (1997)

The development of the length-modulated radiometer (LMR), which is a new type of correlation radiometer for remote sounding, is described. Factors that affect the performance of the LMR are identified and, whenever possible, are minimized. Laboratory measurements of the radiometric response of a LMR filled with carbon monoxide are presented and compared with theoretical calculations. An analysis of the sources of error in these measurements and calculations is presented.
First-Principles Investigation of the Li−Fe−F Phase Diagram and Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Conversion Reactions of Iron Fluorides with Lithium (2008)

We have used density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the ternary phase diagram of the Li−Fe−F system and the reactions of Li with iron fluorides. Several novel compounds, not previously identified in the Li−Fe−F system, are predicted to be stable. Electrochemical voltage profiles, derived from the evolution of the Li chemical potential in the calculated phase diagram, are in reasonable agreement with experimental trends. The effect of particle size on the Fe that precipitates when LixFeF3 reacts with Li is also investigated. We find that when 1 nm Fe particles form, the potential for this reaction is considerably reduced from its bulk value and relate this to the experimental observations. Furthermore, we formulate a model for the significant hysteresis that is observed in the lithiation and delithiation of FeF3. Nonequilibrium paths derived by assuming much faster diffusion of Li than Fe are in reasonable agreement with experimental profiles. Our kinetic model predicts that the iron fluoride reaction follows a different path through the phase diagram during conversion (discharge) and reconversion (charge), which results in the voltage profile hysteresis observed during experiment. The proposed kinetic model also explains why upon extraction of Li from a 3/1 mixture of LiF and Fe a rutile FeF2-like structure can form, even when iron should be oxidized to Fe3+ by extraction of three Li+ per Fe.
Terpenoid Constituents of Oxandra asbeckii (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTerpenoid Constituents of Oxandra asbeckiiWinston F. Tinto, Lynn C. Blair, William F. Reynolds, and Stewart McLeanCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1992, 55, 6, 701–706Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50084a001https://doi.org/10.1021/np50084a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AGEs and their interaction with AGE-receptors in vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. I. The AGE concept (1998)

AGEs elicit a wide range of cell-mediated responses that might contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, vascular and renal disease and Alzheimer's disease. Substances that inhibit AGE formation, reduce oxidative stress or destroy already formed crosslinks may limit the progression of disease and may offer new tools for therapeutic interventions in the therapy of AGEs mediated disease.
An overview of techniques for the measurement of calcium distribution, calcium fluxes, and cytosolic free calcium in mammalian cells. (1990)

An array of techniques can be used to study cell calcium metabolism that comprises several calcium compartments and many types of transport systems such as ion channels, ATP-dependent pumps, and antiporters. The measurement of total cell calcium brings little information of value since 60 to 80% of total cell calcium is actually bound to the extracellular glycocalyx. Cell fractionation and differential centrifugation have been used to study intracellular Ca2+ compartmentalization, but the methods suffer from the possibility of Ca2+ loss or redistribution among cell fractions. Steady-state kinetic analyses of 45Ca uptake or desaturation curves have been used to study the distribution of Ca2+ among various kinetic pools in living cells and their rate of Ca2+ exchange, but the analyses are constrained by many limitations. Nonsteady-state tracer studies can provide information about rapid changes in calcium influx or efflux in and out of the cell. Zero-time kinetics of 45Ca uptake can detect instantaneous changes in calcium influx, while 45Ca fractional efflux ratio, can detect rapid stimulations or inhibitions of calcium efflux out of cells. Permeabilized cells have been successfully used to gauge the relative role of intracellular organelles in controlling [Ca2+]i. The measurement of the cytosolic ionized calcium ([Ca2+]i) is undoubtedly the most important and, physiologically, the most relevant method available. The choice of the appropriate calcium indicator, fluorescent, bioluminescent, metallochromic, or Ca2(+)-sensitive microelectrodes depends on the cell type and the magnitude and time constant of the event under study. Each probe has specific assets and drawbacks. The study of plasma membrane vesicles derived from baso-lateral or apical plasmalemma can also bring important information on the (Ca2(+)-Mg2+) ATPase-dependent calcium pump and on the kinetics and stoichiometry of the Na(+)-Ca2+ antiporter. The best strategy to study cell calcium metabolism is to use several different methods that focus on a specific problem from widely different angles.
Theoretical analysis of electron transport through organic molecules (2004)

We present a theoretical study of electron transport through a variety of organic molecules. The analysis uses the Landauer formalism in combination with complex bandstructure and projected densities of states calculations to reveal the main aspects of coherent electronic transport through alkanes, benzene-dithiol, and phenylene-ethynylene oligomers. We examine the dependence of the current on molecule length, the effects of molecule-molecule interactions from film packing, differences in contact geometry, and the influence of phenyl ring rotation on the conductances of phenylene-ethynylene oligomers such as 1,4-bis-phenylethynyl-benzene.
Identification of a new MAGE gene with tumor-specific expression by representational difference analysis. (1998)

Human genes expressed exclusively in tumors and male germ line cells, such as those of the MAGE, BAGE, and GAGE families, encode antigens recognized by T lymphocytes, which are potentially useful for antitumor immunotherapy. To identify new genes of this type, we generated cDNA populations enriched in sequences expressed only in testis and melanoma, using the representational difference analysis approach. A testis cDNA library enriched by subtraction with cDNA from four other normal tissues was hybridized with radiolabeled melanoma cDNA enriched by subtraction with normal skin cDNA. A cDNA fragment sharing significant homology with MAGE genes was identified, and a cosmid containing this new gene, named MAGE-C1, was isolated. MAGE-C1 is composed of four exons and encodes a putative protein of 1142 amino acids. It is about 800 residues longer than the other MAGE proteins due to the insertion of a large number of short repetitive sequences in front of the MAGE-homologous sequence. The MAGE-C1 gene appears to be located on band Xq26, whereas the MAGE-A and MAGE-B genes are located on Xq28 and Xp21, respectively. Like other MAGE genes, MAGE-C1 is expressed in a significant proportion of tumors of various histological types, whereas it is silent in normal tissues except testis. It is probable, therefore, that like other MAGE genes, MAGE-C1 encodes antigens that may constitute useful targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their strict tumoral specificity.
Nonphysician providers essential to child health (1994)

The intent of the statement, On the Role of Nonphysician Providers (elsewhere in this issue of AAP News ), is commendable — namely that all American children should receive the highest quality medical care possible. However, in my view, the statement as written is unrealistic and may well alienate some allies of children and of pediatricians. The term health care, in the statement, is too broad and nonspecific. It encompasses areas where even a skilled pediatrician may not be the best trained professional (nutrition, counseling and education come to mind). What pediatricians are primarily trained to deliver to their patients is high-quality medical care.
A single uridine modification at the wobble position of an artificial tRNA enhances wobbling in an Escherichia coli cell‐free translation system (1999)

5-Methoxyuridine was introduced into the first position of the anticodon of the unmodified form of tRNA(1Ser) from Escherichia coli. The codon reading efficiencies of this tRNA (tRNA(5-methoxyuridine UGA)) relative to those of the unmodified counterpart (tRNA(UGA)) were measured in a cell-free translation system. tRNA(5-methoxyuridine UGA) was more efficient than tRNA(UGA) in the reading of the UCU and UCG codons and was less efficient in the reading of the UCA codon. Thus, the single modification of U to 5-methoxyuridine can enhance the wobble readings.
Analysis of the Steroid Receptor Coactivator 1 (SRC1)-CREB Binding Protein Interaction Interface and Its Importance for the Function of SRC1 (2001)

The transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors is mediated by coactivator proteins, including steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC1) and its homologues and the general coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300. SRC1 contains an activation domain (AD1) which functions via recruitment of CBP and and p300. In this study, we have used yeast two-hybrid and in vitro interaction-peptide inhibition experiments to map the AD1 domain of SRC1 to a 35-residue sequence potentially containing two alpha-helices. We also define a 72-amino-acid sequence in CBP necessary for SRC1 binding, designated the SRC1 interaction domain (SID). We show that in contrast to SRC1, direct binding of CBP to the estrogen receptor is weak, suggesting that SRC1 functions primarily as an adaptor to recruit CBP and p300. In support of this, we show that the ability of SRC1 to enhance ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity in transiently transfected cells is dependent upon the integrity of the AD1 region. In contrast, the putative histone acetyltransferase domain, the Per-Arnt-Sim basic helix-loop-helix domain, the glutamine-rich domain, and AD2 can each be removed without loss of ligand-induced activity. Remarkably, a construct corresponding to residues 631 to 970, which contains only the LXXLL motifs and the AD1 region of SRC1, retained strong coactivator activity in our assays.
Deciphering the Structural Basis That Guides the Oxidative Folding of Leech-derived Tryptase Inhibitor (2009)

Protein folding mechanisms have remained elusive mainly because of the transient nature of intermediates. Leech-derived tryptase inhibitor (LDTI) is a Kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor that is emerging as an attractive model for folding studies. It comprises 46 amino acid residues with three disulfide bonds, with one located inside a small triple-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and with two involved in a cystine-stabilized alpha-helix, a motif that is widely distributed in bioactive peptides. Here, we analyzed the oxidative folding and reductive unfolding of LDTI by chromatographic and disulfide analyses of acid-trapped intermediates. It folds and unfolds, respectively, via sequential oxidation and reduction of the cysteine residues that give rise to a few 1- and 2-disulfide intermediates. Species containing two native disulfide bonds predominate during LDTI folding (IIa and IIc) and unfolding (IIa and IIb). Stop/go folding experiments demonstrate that only intermediate IIa is productive and oxidizes directly into the native form. The NMR structures of acid-trapped and further isolated IIa, IIb, and IIc reveal global folds similar to that of the native protein, including a native-like canonical inhibitory loop. Enzyme kinetics shows that both IIa and IIc are inhibitory-active, which may substantially reduce proteolysis of LDTI during its folding process. The results reported show that the kinetics of the folding reaction is modulated by the specific structural properties of the intermediates and together provide insights into the interdependence of conformational folding and the assembly of native disulfides during oxidative folding.
Surface morphology of related GexSi1−x films (1992)

We have investigated the surface morphology of relaxed, compositionally graded GexSi1−x structures, to illustrate the influence of defect-related strain fields on film growth. Quantitative topographic measurements via scanning force microscopy show that the roughness associated with the cross-hatch patterns, due to underlying misfit dislocations beneath the surface, increases as the final Ge concentration or the grading rate increases. We further show that strain fields arising from the termination of threading dislocations at the surface result in shallow depressions.
Spontaneous Polymer Thin Film Assembly and Organization Using Mutually Immiscible Side Chains (1996)

Polymer ultrathin film self-assembly and organization on solid substrates has been directed using grafted siloxane copolymers bearing mutually immiscible alkyl and perfluoroalkyl side chains. Polysiloxanes grafted with both alkyl disulfide and perfluoroalkyl side chains have been synthesized and characterized. These terpolymer systems assemble spontaneously on gold surfaces, forming bound polymeric monolayers organized by intramolecular phase separation. Interfacially bound polymer monolayer fabrication is driven by multipoint alkyl disulfide side chain chemisorption to gold surfaces from dilute organic solution. Immiscible perfluoroalkyl side chains of low interfacial energy enrich the ambient-exposed outer regions of these monolayers, yielding a novel bound polymer monolayer with an anisotropic, layered structure and perfluorinated surface properties. Ellipsometry indicates that these polymer films have thicknesses ranging from 22 to 32 Å, depending on solution conditions and chemistry. Angular-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has provided a depth profile of the bound polymer films, detailing the anisotropic composition resulting from perfluoroalkyl surface enrichment. Static secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements support the enrichment of perfluoroalkyl groups in the outer atomic levels of these films. Cyclic voltammetry using the redox probes Fe(CN)63- and methylviologen with film-coated gold electrodes evaluated film-attenuated electron transfer. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry has been used to image micropatterned polymer surfaces lithographed at high resolution both before and after organic monolayer assembly. Qualitative and quantitative information on film spatial organization and surface chemistry distribution on microstructures was obtained.
A Water-Amine-Complexing Agent System for Etching Silicon (1967)

Ternary mixtures of water, amine, and complexing agent have been found to etch silicon. The silicon etch rate has been investigated.as a function of variations in both solution and material parameters. A parallel investigation has been concerned with the etching characteristics of silicon samples coated with silicon dioxide films. Applications of this etching system to semiconductor device technology has provided a tool for the chemical shaping of silicon as well as the evaluation of protective surface films on silicon substrates.
Uveitogenic potential of lymphocytes sensitized to interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein. (1987)

In our previous study rats immunized with bovine retinal interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) were found to develop inflammation in the eye and the pineal gland. This inflammatory disease was distinct in several aspects from experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) induced by the retinal S-antigen (S-Ag). The current study examined the adoptive transfer of IRBP-induced EAU. We established that lymphocytes from IRBP immunized donor rats were capable of transferring EAU after in vitro stimulation with either IRBP (lymph node or spleen cells) or concanavalin A (spleen cells only). Recipients of these cells developed uveoretinitis and pinealitis identical to the actively induced disease. As compared with the S-Ag system, recipients of IRBP sensitized cells developed disease earlier, and smaller numbers of cells were needed to transfer EAU. Development of inflammation was directly related to a cellular response to the specific retinal antigen used for sensitization. Moreover, the unique nature of ocular inflammation was reestablished in the IRBP system: high proportions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were found in the inflamed tissue of certain recipients despite a lack of a humoral response to the specific antigen. In contrast to the eye, only mononuclear leukocytes comprised the inflammation in the pineal gland.
Modulated expression of human leucocyte antigen class I and class II determinants in hyperplastics and malignant human prostatic epithelium (1994)

Failure to express Class I and/or Class II MHC determinants is a common feature of the majority of human prostatic carcinoma cells. Absence of these recognition molecules may be associated with avoidance of immune-surveillance and contribute to the metastatic dissemination of this malignancy.
Subband dictionaries for low-cost matching pursuits of video residues (1999)

"Matching pursuits" is a signal expansion technique whose efficiency for video coding has already been largely demonstrated in the MPEG-4 framework. In this paper, our attention focuses on complexity issues. First, the most expensive step of the signal expansion process is significantly speeded up by exploiting results achieved in the wavelet and multiresolution theory. A subband dictionary is proposed as an alternative to the Gabor dictionary that has been used up to now. Equivalent levels of quality are achieved with both dictionaries, but the computational cost is significantly reduced when using the subband one. Then, we explain how, with any dictionary, the linearity of the inner product could be exploited to further speed up the process in return for an increased amount of memory.
Functions of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2) type III secretion system effectors (2012)

Salmonella enterica serovars cause severe disease in humans, such as gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. The bacteria are able to invade and replicate within host cells, including epithelial cells and macrophages. Pathogenesis of Salmonella is facilitated by a type III secretion system (T3SS) encoded by genes of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2). Intracellular replication occurs in a specialized membrane compartment, the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV), and depends on translocation of approximately 30 effector proteins via the SPI-2 T3SS into the host endomembrane system and cytoplasm. In this review we discuss the many different functions of these effectors, which range from maintaining the integrity of the SCV and its juxtanuclear location, to interference with the host cytoskeleton and immune signalling.
The p53 target Plk2 interacts with TSC proteins impacting mTOR signaling, tumor growth, and chemosensitivity under hypoxic conditions (2009)

Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a central promotor of cell growth and proliferation. The protein product of the TSC1 gene, hamartin (referred to as TSC1) is known to interact with Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) in a cell cycle regulated, phosphorylation-dependent manner. We hypothesized that the p53 target gene, Plk2, is a tumor suppressor, mediating its tumor suppressor function through interactions with TSC1 that facilitate TSC1/2 restraint of mTOR under hypoxic stress. We found that human lung tumor cells deficient in Plk2 grew larger than control tumors, and that Plk2 interacts with endogenous TSC1 protein. Additionally, C-terminal Plk2-GST fusion protein bound both TSC1 and TSC2 proteins. TSC1 levels were elevated in response to Adriamycin and cells transiently overexpressing Plk2 demonstrated decreased phosphorylation of the downstream target of mTOR, ribosomal protein p70S6 kinase during hypoxia. Plk2 levels were inversely correlated with cytoplasmic p70S6K phosphorylation. Plk2 levels did not increase in response to DNA damage (Adriamycin, CPT -11) when HCT 116 and H460 cells were exposed to hypoxia. TSC1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts with TSC1 added back demonstrated decreased S6K phosphorylation, which was further decreased when Plk2 was transiently overexpressed. Interestingly, under normoxia, Plk2 deficient tumor cells demonstrated increased apoptosis in response to various chemotherapeutic agents including CPT -11 but increased resistance to apoptotic death after CPT-11 treatment under hypoxia, and tumor xenografts comprised of these Plk2-deficient cells were resistant to CPT -11. Our results point to a novel Plk2-TSC1 interaction with effects on mTOR signaling during hypoxia, and tumor growth that may enable targeting Plk2 signaling in cancer therapy.