gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imatinib mesylate has limited activity against the central nervous system involvement of Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia due to poor penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (2002)

A 32-year-old woman with relapsed Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was treated with imatinib mesylate (formerly STI571), a selective inhibitor of BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase. Although the initial marrow response was good and stably maintained, she subsequently relapsed with extensive infiltration of leukaemic cells into the central nervous system (CNS). After controlling her CNS disease with additional intrathecal chemotherapy, we measured the concentration of imatinib in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood simultaneously. The concentration of imatinib in CSF was about 92-fold lower than that in blood. These results suggest that imatinib poorly penetrates the blood-brain barrier and has limited activity against CNS leukaemia.
Nucleoside annelating reagents: N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-bromoacetamide and 2-chloroketene diethyl acetal (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleoside annelating reagents: N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-bromoacetamide and 2-chloroketene diethyl acetalNelson J. Leonard and Kenneth A. CruickshankCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 14, 2480–2488Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00214a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00214a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1169Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Patient-ventilator interaction and sleep in mechanically ventilated patients: Pressure support versus proportional assist ventilation* (2007)

Patient ventilator discordance causes sleep disruption. Proportional assist ventilation seems more efficacious than pressure support ventilation in matching ventilatory requirements with ventilator assistance, therefore resulting in fewer patient-ventilator asynchronies and better quality of sleep.
Glycoprotein Hormone Assembly in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2004)

The unique structures of human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and related glycoprotein hormones make them well suited for studies of protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. hCG is stabilized by a strand of its beta-subunit that has been likened to a "seatbelt" because it surrounds alpha-subunit loop 2 and its end is "latched" by an intrasubunit disulfide bond to the beta-subunit core. As shown here, assembly begins when parts of the NH(2) terminus, cysteine knot, and loops 1 and 3 of the alpha-subunit dock reversibly with parts of the NH(2) terminus, cystine knot, and loop 2 of the hCG beta-subunit. Whereas the seatbelt can contribute to the stability of the docked subunit complex, it interferes with docking and/or destabilizes the docked complex when it is unlatched. This explains why most hCG is assembled by threading the glycosylated end of alpha-subunit loop 2 beneath the latched seatbelt rather than by wrapping the unlatched seatbelt around this loop. hCG assembly appears to be limited by the need to disrupt the disulfide that stabilizes the small seatbelt loop prior to threading. We postulate that assembly depends on a "zipper-like" sequential formation of intersubunit and intrasubunit hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms of several residues in the beta-subunit cystine knot, alpha-subunit loop 2, and the small seatbelt loop. The resulting intersubunit beta-sheet enhances the stability of the seatbelt loop disulfide, which shortens the seatbelt and secures the heterodimer. Formation of this disulfide also explains the ability of the seatbelt loop to facilitate latching during assembly by the wraparound pathway.
Anion Recognition and Sensing: The State of the Art and Future Perspectives (2001)

Anion recognition chemistry has grown from its beginnings in the late 1960s with positively charged ammonium cryptand receptors for halide binding to, at the end of the millennium, a plethora of charged and neutral, cyclic and acyclic, inorganic and organic supramolecular host systems for the selective complexation, detection, and separation of anionic guest species. Solvation effects and pH values have been shown to play crucial roles in the overall anion recognition process. More recent developments include exciting advances in anion-templated syntheses and directed self-assembly, ion-pair recognition, and the function of anions in supramolecular catalysis.
Logic Analysis of High-speed MOBILE Circuit (2006)

The logic of monostable-bistable transition logic element (MOBILE) is analyzed based on the equivalent circuit model. The peak current ratio of RTDs affects the switching time of the circuit. Improper selection of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dd</sub> will lead to incorrect logic function or longer switching time. The failure in a short rising time condition is explained by the comparison of the output voltage at t = tr with the potential peak voltage. It dominates the circuit behavior under high-speed operation. We also calculate the maximum allowed load capacitance, below which the switching time is linear proportional with the value of load capacitance
Segment generation and clustering in the HTK broadcast news transcription system (1998)

This paper describes the segmentation, gender detection and segment clustering scheme used in the 1997 HTK broadcast news evaluation system and presents results on both the unpartitioned 1996 development and the 1997 evaluation sets. The stages of our approach are presented, namely classification, segmentation and gender detection, gender relabelling, and clustering of speech segments. The evaluation audio stream has been segmented according to audio type with a frame accuracy up to 95%. Further segmentation and gender labelling gave up to 99% frame accuracy with 127 multiple speaker segments. Experiments using two different segmentation approaches and three clustering schemes are presented.
Double-Blind Controlled Study of Pergolide Mesylate in the Treatment of Parkinsonʼs Disease (1987)

Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, and *Department of Medicine (Neurology), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Adaptive technique for high-definition MR imaging of moving structures. (1989)

An adaptive technique for measuring and correcting the effects of patient motion during magnetic resonance image acquisition was developed and tested. A set of algorithms that can reverse the effects of object displacements and phase shifts was used. These algorithms essentially transfer the frame of reference of the image reconstruction from the static frame of the imager couch to the moving "visceral frame." An accurate record of tissue motion during image acquisition is required. To achieve this, the authors used specially encoded "navigator" echoes that are interleaved with the imaging sequence. Postprocessing of the navigator echo data provides a highly detailed record of the displacements and phase shifts that occur during imaging. Phantom studies demonstrated that the technique can directly correct image degradation caused by motion. In contrast to conventional artifact reduction techniques, such as ordered phase encoding and gradient moment nulling, this new method has a unique capacity to reduce motion unsharpness. Preliminary in vivo studies have demonstrated that the technique can markedly improve images degraded by voluntary motion and shows promise for addressing the problem of respiratory motion in thoracoabdominal imaging.
Noncontact Distance and Amplitude-Independent Vibration Measurement Based on an Extended DACM Algorithm (2013)

Utilizing microwave continuous-wave Doppler radars to wirelessly detect mechanical vibrations have been attracting more and more interests in recent years. In this paper, aiming to solve the null point and nonlinear issues in small-angle approximation-based Doppler radar sensors and eliminate the codomain restriction in the arctangent demodulation approach, we propose and investigate an extended differentiate and cross-multiply (DACM) algorithm. With an additional accumulator, the noise performance of the original DACM algorithm is improved. Moreover, the amplitude information of the vibration can be directly retrieved from accumulation without involving any distance-dependent issue. Experimental validations show that the proposed algorithm can fully recover the vibration patterns with the measured noncalibrated amplitude agreeing well with the known precalibrated data. Application examples of mechanical fault detection and human vital sign detection are demonstrated, showing a wide range of potential applications of this algorithm.
The naturally split Npu DnaE intein exhibits an extraordinarily high rate in the protein trans‐splicing reaction (2009)

We have studied the naturally split alpha subunit of the DNA polymerase III (DnaE) intein from Nostoc punctiforme PCC73102 (Npu) using purified proteins and determined an apparent first-order rate constant of (1.1+/-0.2)x10(-2) s(-1) at 37 degrees C. This represents the highest rate reported for the protein trans-splicing reaction so far (t(1/2) of approximately 60s). Furthermore, the reaction was very robust and high-yielding with respect to different extein sequences, temperatures from 6 to 37 degrees C, and the presence of up to 6 M urea. Given these outstanding properties, the Npu DnaE intein appears to be the intein of choice for many applications in protein and cellular chemistry.
Diagnostic Virology (2000)

Diagnostic virology has now entered the mainstream of medical practice. Multiple methods are used for the laboratory diagnosis of viral infections, including viral culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, and serology. The role of culture is diminishing as new immunologic and molecular tests are developed that provide more rapid results and are able to detect a larger number of viruses. This review provides specific recommendations for the diagnostic approach to clinically important viral infections.
A comparison of alpha brainwave entrainment, with and without musical accompaniment (2014)

Brainwave entrainment (BWE) studies have measured the effectiveness of manipulating brainwave frequencies as an alternative to medicinal therapy. Isochronic tones are used to entrain; through monotonous, repetitive, pulse like qualities. This study compared the effectiveness of accompanying an isochronic tone with a musical composition; and an isochronic tone only. In this double blinded experiment, participants (N=31) were randomly assigned to a test group (musical composition with an isochronic tone) or control group (isochronic tone only). Both groups were measured by EEG, and the PANAS questionnaire was employed to measure mood. Data showed there was no significant difference between achieving BWE with musical composition or isochronic tone by itself; and pairing with music scored higher for comfort and positive affect
Crel, the carbon catabolite repressor protein from Trichoderma reesei (1995)

In order to investigate the mechanism of carbon catabolite repression in the industrially important fungus Trichoderma reesei, degenerated PCR-primers were designed to amplify a 0.7-bp fragment of the cre1 gene, which was used to clone the entire gene. It encodes a 402-amino acid protein with a calculated M(r) of 43.6 kDa. Its aa-sequence shows 55.6% and 54.7% overall similarity to the corresponding genes of Aspergillus nidulans and A. niger, respectively. Similarity was restricted to the aa-region containing the C2H2 zinc finger and several aa-regions rich in proline and basic amino acids, which may be involved in the interaction with other proteins. Another aa-region rich in the SPXX-motif that has been considered analogous to a region of yeast RGR1p, was instead identified as a domain occurring in several eucaryotic transcription factors. The presence of the cre1 translation product was demonstrated with polyclonal antibodies against Cre1, which identified a protein of 43 (+/- 2) kDa in cell-free extracts from T. reesei. A Cre1 protein fragment from the two zinc fingers to the region similar to the aa-sequence of eucaryotic transcription factors, was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase. EMSA and in vitro footprinting revealed binding of the fusion protein to the sequence 5'-GCGGAG-3', which matches well with the A. nidulans consensus sequence for CreA binding (5'-SYGGRG-3'). Cell-free extracts of T. reesei formed different complexes with DNA-fragments carrying this binding sites, and the presence of Cre1 and additional proteins in these complexes was demonstrated. We conclude that T. reesei Cre1 is the functional homologue of Aspergillus CreA and that it binds to its target sequence probably as a protein complex.
Application of neural nets to feature fusion (2003)

A multiple-feature-multiple-neural fusion solution to the problem of detecting and classifying transient signals, denoted as a hierarchical neural net, is described. The fusion of the multiple features leads to significant gain in both detection and classification performance while at the same time reducing false alarms. The multinet approach gives very good results even in cases where the first layer nets operating on single features fail. Results comparing the single feature nets and the hierarchical neural net approach processing real data are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Healing following implantation of periodontitis‐affected roots into gingival connective tissue (1980)

The aim of the present investigation was to examine if a new connective tissue attachment can be established on a previously periodontitis involved root surface, located in contract with gingival connective tissue during healing. A total of 28 teeth in one dog (beagle) and two monkeys (Macaca cynomolgus) were subjected to experimental periodontal tissue breakdown by placing cotton floss ligatures or orthodontic elastics around the teeth. The ligatures were left in situ until about 50% of the supporting tissues had been lost. Following resection of the crowns, the teeth were root filled and the exposed parts of the roots thoroughly scaled and planed. Each root was extracted and implanted into grooves prepared in edentulous areas of the jaws in such a way that the root was embedded to half its circumference in bone, leaving the remaining part to be covered by the gingival connective tissue of the repositioned flap of the recipient site. Root implantation and sacrifice of the animals were scheduled to allow for observation periods of 2 and 3 months of healing. An analysis of histologic specimens, obtained from biopsies of the recipient site tissues, disclosed that a new fibrous attachment failed to form on a previously "exposed" root surface located in contact with gingival connective tissue. In areas of the roots where the periodontal ligament tissue was preserved prior to transplantation, a fibrous reattachment occurred between the root and the adjacent gingival tissue. The results indicate that gingival connective tissue does not possess the ability to establish conditions which enable the formation of a new connective tissue attachment.
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based communication: impact of harmonic frequency components (2005)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can be realized on the basis of steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs). These types of brain signals resulting from repetitive stimulation have the same fundamental frequency as the stimulation but also include higher harmonics. This study investigated how the classification accuracy of a 4-class BCI system can be improved by incorporating visually evoked harmonic oscillations. The current study revealed that the use of three SSVEP harmonics yielded a significantly higher classification accuracy than was the case for one or two harmonics. During feedback experiments, the five subjects investigated reached a classification accuracy between 42.5% and 94.4%.
Supercritical water oxidation research and development update (1995)

Abstract Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a form of hydrothermal treatment. During the early research and development (R&amp;D) period (early 1980s), it has been demonstrated that SCWO can be an effective alternative to the destruction of hazardous organic wastewaters and sludges. Because of this promising potential and growing interest in SCWO technology, R&amp;D efforts have been intensified. As a result, the first SCWO commercial facility (1100 Liter/hour) developed by Eco Waste Technologies was commissioned in August 1994. Also, a number of demonstration SCWO facilities exist in various companies, national laboratories, and federal agencies. This recent development has shown that the SCWO process produces environmentally acceptable effluents (gas, liquid and solid), lends itself to resource recovery, and can be economically competitive. As such, the process can be used to serve as a pretreatment unit, an end‐of‐pipe facility or become an integral part of an industrial process. More recently, the SCWO&amp;D program has been expanded. The research activities now include more detailed studies involving reaction kinetics, catalysis, salt solubility, corrosion, heavy metal speciation, solids separation, and resource/by‐product recovery. Technology development involves process and reactor design, materials evaluation, heat recovery, control systems, effluent handling, ash disposal, safety requirements, and process integration.
Applying an XC6200 to real-time image processing (1998)

This implementation of a two-dimensional discrete cosine transform demonstrates the development of a suitable architectural style for a specific technology-in this case, the Xilinx XC6200 FPGA series. The design exploits distributed arithmetic, parallelism, and pipelining to achieve high-performance custom-computing implementation.
Intranasal sumatriptan powder delivered by a novel breath-actuated bi-directional device for the acute treatment of migraine: A randomised, placebo-controlled study (2010)

Sumatriptan nasal powder administered using the new device during a migraine attack was effective and well tolerated.
FacetMap: A Scalable Search and Browse Visualization (2006)

The dominant paradigm for searching and browsing large data stores is text-based: presenting a scrollable list of search results in response to textual search term input. While this works well for the Web, there is opportunity for improvement in the domain of personal information stores, which tend to have more heterogeneous data and richer metadata. In this paper, we introduce FacetMap, an interactive, query-driven visualization, generalizable to a wide range of metadata-rich data stores. FacetMap uses a visual metaphor for both input (selection of metadata facets as filters) and output. Results of a user study provide insight into tradeoffs between FacetMap's graphical approach and the traditional text-oriented approach
miR30a Inhibits LOX Expression and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Progression (2014)

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, but its genetic drivers remain little understood. In this study, we report losses in expression of the miRNA miR30a, which is downregulated in ATC compared with differentiated thyroid cancer and normal tissue. miR30a downregulation was associated with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer and higher mortality. Mechanistically, we found miR30a decreased cellular invasion and migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker levels, lysyl oxidase (LOX) expression, and metastatic capacity. LOX was identified as a direct target of miR30a that was overexpressed in ATC and associated with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer and higher mortality rate. Consistent with its role in other cancers, we found that LOX inhibited cell proliferation, cellular invasion, and migration and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings establish a critical functional role for miR30a downregulation in mediating LOX upregulation and thyroid cancer progression, with implications for LOX targeting as a rational therapeutic strategy in ATC.
A short-duration dark adaptation protocol for assessment of age-related maculopathy (2008)

Dark adaptometry may be a useful diagnostic test and clinical trial endpoint for age-related maculopathy (ARM) because impaired night vision is a hallmark of early ARM. A novel dark adaptometer, the AdaptDx, was evaluated for the detection of ARM. The AdaptDx incorporates a 20-minute protocol optimized for the detection of ARM. ARM patients (N = 17) exhibited substantial dark adaptation impairment compared with normal adults (N = 17). The diagnostic sensitivity was 88% and the specificity was 100%. The diagnostic test characteristics of the AdaptDx are similar to previously reported studies using 60- to 120-minute protocols.
Evolution of the Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein OspC (1995)

The genes coding for outer surface protein OspC from 22 Borrelia burgdorferi strains isolated from patients with Lyme borreliosis were cloned and sequenced. For reference purposes, the 16S rRNA genes from 17 of these strains were sequenced after being cloned. The deduced OspC amino acid sequences were aligned with 12 published OspC sequences and revealed the presence of 48 conserved amino acids. On the basis of the alignment, OspC could be divided into an amino-terminal relatively conserved region and a relatively variable region in the central portion. The distance tree obtained divided the ospC sequences into three groups. The first group contained ospC alleles from all (n = 13) sensu stricto strains, the second group contained ospC alleles from seven Borrelia afzelii strains, and the third group contained ospC alleles from five B. afzelii and all (n = 9) Borrelia garinii strains. The ratio of the mean number of synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous (dN) nucleotide substitutions per site calculated for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, and B. afzelii ospC alleles suggested that the polymorphism of OspC is due to positive selection favoring diversity at the amino acid level in the relatively variable region. On the basis of the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences, Borrelia hermsii is more closely related to B. afzelii than to B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and B. garinii. In contrast, the phylogenetic tree obtained for the B. hermsii variable major protein, Vmp33, and 18 OspC amino acid sequences suggested that Vmp33 and OspC from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto strains share a common evolutionary origin.