gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of the Forebrain Cholinergic Projection System in Performance in the Radial-Arm Maze in Memory-Impaired Rats (1991)

After chronic administration of alcohol for 6 months, or ibotenate lesions of the cholinergic projection nuclei to the neocortex and hippocampus, rats showed enduring deficits in 4 different components of memory tested in the radial-arm maze: reference and working spatial and associative memory. Cell suspension transplants of foetal cholinergic-rich (C-R), but not cholinergic-poor (C-P), brain tissue, placed into neocortex and/or hippocampus, substantially reversed deficits in all 4 memory components over a period of 7–13 weeks after grafting. Both alcohol-treated (ALC) and lesioned (LES) animals showed reduced cortical and hippocampal levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. However, in rats with C-R but not C-P transplants, ChAT activity did not differ from control level. Rats were tested before grafting to determine their reaction to acute systemic administration of muscarinic and nicotinic receptor agonists and antagonists. Both ALC and LES animals showed increased sensitivity to the beneficial effects on cognitive performance of cholinergic agonists, and to the deleterious effects of antagonists. Effects of both muscarinic and nicotinic agents were more marked for working than reference memory. Nicotine was particularly effective in improving spatial working memory in LES rats. However, in LES rats tested after grafting with C-R tissue, this compound had the surprising effect of making performance worse, though it continued to reduce errors in animals with sham, or C-P grafts.
Blocking L-selectin function attenuates reperfusion injury following hemorrhagic shock in rabbits (1996)

Leukocyte adhesion molecule (LAM) blockade reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury. We tested the hypothesis that a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that recognizes a functional epitope of L-selectin would decrease hemorrhagic shock-induced reperfusion injury. Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 2 h of hemorrhagic shock (cardiac output reduced to 30% of baseline), then given one of the following treatments: MAbs that recognize functional domains of L-selectin (LAM1-3), CD18 (60.3), MAbs that recognize a nonfunctional domain on L-selectin (LAM1-14), or saline, immediately before resuscitation with shed blood. Additional fluids were administered as needed to maintain cardiac output at baseline levels for 6 h. The cumulative fluid resuscitation after MAb LAM1-3 (58 +/- 34 ml/kg) was not significantly different from after MAb 60.3 (21 +/- 24 ml/kg) or MAb LAM1-14 (66 +/- 51 ml/kg), but it was significantly less than saline-treated controls (142 +/- 142 ml/kg). However, two animals treated with MAb LAM1-14 died before 6 h. If their resuscitation volumes are projected to 6 h by linear regression, then the LAM1-14-treated group required significantly greater volume (101 +/- 99 ml/kg) than the MAb LAM1-3-treated group. We conclude that MAbs to a functional domain on L-selectin are protective against reperfusion-injury following hemorrhagic shock.
The fractionation, characterization, and subcellular localization of colony-stimulating activities released by the human monocyte-like cell line, GCT (1980)

GCT, a human monocyte-like cell line, has been shown to release biochemically distinct colony-stimulating activities (CSAs) for mouse and human marrows. These appear to be periodate-sensitive proteins with critical disulfide bonds. One, of molecular weight 145,000 daltons, stimulates macrophagic colony growth and is related to a 30,000-dalton molecule that also stimulates mouse growth. A 30,000-dalton CSA for human marrow can be separated from the 30,000-dalton mouse CSA by isoelectric focusing and gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This distinction agrees with our previous finding of differential neutralization with anti-human urinary CSF antibody. The 30,000-dalton CSAs stimulate neutrophil, neutrophil-monocyte, and eosinophil colony growth in human marrow but only neutrophil and neutrophil-monocyte colonies in the mouse. Subcellular fractionation of GCT cells indicates that there are pools of preformed CSAs primarily associated with the cell cytosol that have similar apparent molecular weights to their secreted counterparts.
Cytotoxicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa internal lectin PA-I to respiratory epithelial cells in primary culture (1994)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most important bacterial pathogen associated with chronic airway infection, especially in cystic fibrosis. We addressed the question of whether the galactophilic internal lectin of P. aeruginosa (PA-I) could represent a virulence factor for the respiratory epithelium. PA-I lectin was localized in all the bacteria of P. aeruginosa ATCC 33347 as determined by immunofluorescence staining. We investigated the dose-dependent effect of P. aeruginosa PA-I lectin on the growth, the ciliary beating frequency, and the morphology of human respiratory cells in primary culture of nasal polyps collected from non-cystic fibrosis patients. PA-I lectin significantly (P < 0.01) inhibited the growth of respiratory cells at a concentration of > or = 10 micrograms/ml. The percentage of active ciliated cell surface of the cultures decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at a PA-I lectin concentration of 50 micrograms/ml. Exposed to a low concentration of PA-I lectin (10 micrograms/ml), respiratory epithelial cells showed intracytoplasmic vacuoles when examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. At a higher concentration of PA-I lectin (100 micrograms/ml), major cell damage and severe epithelial shedding occurred. These results demonstrate that the P. aeruginosa internal PA-I lectin has a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. The P. aeruginosa PA-I lectin may represent a virulence factor by contributing to the respiratory epithelial damage during P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
Amine-Reactive Forms of a Luminescent Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Chelate of Terbium and Europium:  Attachment to DNA and Energy Transfer Measurements (1997)

An isothiocyanate form of a lanthanide chelate which is highly luminescent when bound to terbium or europium has been synthesized. The chelate consists of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) covalently joined to a chromophore, 7-amino-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone (cs124), and to L-p-aminophenylalanine, in which the aromatic amine was further converted to an isothiocyanate group. Ethylenediamine was also used in place of aminophenylalanine, but the isothiocyanate formed from the aliphatic amine was significantly less reactive. Site-specific attachments to triglycine and to the 5' ends of amine-modified DNA oligomers have been made. In addition, as an alternative method of coupling to macromolecules, DTPA anhydride-cs124 can be used to react specifically with a 5' amine group on base-deprotected synthetic DNA oligomers. Synthesis and purification is relatively straightforward in both cases, and luminescent properties are favorable for several applications, including as nonisotopic labels, as long-lifetime alternatives to fluorophores in imaging and diagnostics and particularly as donors in luminescence resonance energy transfer. Energy transfer measurements are consistent with previously reported measurements using different attachment mechanisms.
Junction termination technique for super junction devices (2002)

The theory of junction termination for super junction devices is proposed in this paper. Using this theory, junction termination techniques for super junction structures are developed that achieve over 95% of the ideal breakdown voltage.
Regulation and Cellular Roles of Ubiquitin-Specific Deubiquitinating Enzymes (2009)

Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are proteases that process ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like gene products, reverse the modification of proteins by a single ubiquitin(-like) protein, and remodel polyubiquitin(-like) chains on target proteins. The human genome encodes nearly 100 DUBs with specificity for ubiquitin in five gene families. Most DUB activity is cryptic, and conformational rearrangements often occur during the binding of ubiquitin and/or scaffold proteins. DUBs with specificity for ubiquitin contain insertions and extensions modulating DUB substrate specificity, protein-protein interactions, and cellular localization. Binding partners and multiprotein complexes with which DUBs associate modulate DUB activity and substrate specificity. Quantitative studies of activity and protein-protein interactions, together with genetic studies and the advent of RNAi, have led to new insights into the function of yeast and human DUBs. This review discusses ubiquitin-specific DUBs, some of the generalizations emerging from recent studies of the regulation of DUB activity, and their roles in various cellular processes.
Agent-based planning method for an on-demand transportation system (2003)

In the present paper, we propose an on-line operation planning method for a demand bus system with multiple buses. It is necessary to solve a passengers assignment problem and a routing problem in real time in operating the demand bus system. We propose an agent-based planning method. In the proposed method, an agent exists for each bus, and it solves the routing problem of the bus by a heuristic rule based method, and solves the assignment problem by auctions and negotiations among agents. By computational experiments, we will examine effectiveness of the proposed method.
Does low‐energy helium‐neon laser irradiation alter “in vitro” replication of human fibroblasts? (1988)

Cultured human fibroblasts were treated in a controlled, randomized manner to assess the effect of low-energy (0.9 mW) helium-neon (HeNe) laser irradiation on cellular proliferation. Two trials were performed: one with fibroblasts in the third to fourth passage and the other with fibroblasts in the 13th to 14th passage. In each trial, separate plastic petri dishes were inoculated with the cells, maintained in a 5% CO2-95% air atmosphere, and nourished with HB 102 media. Treatment began 48 h after inoculation with daily 60-s irradiations of the "treated" cultures over a 5-d period. Control cultures underwent the same handling but were not irradiated. A significant stimulative, or inhibitive, effect on replication was not found in either trial.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nano‐Structured Co—Zn—Fe—Cr Ferrite. (2011)

Abstract Nanoparticles of Co 1‐x Zn x Fe 2‐x Cr x O 4 (x = 0.0—0.5) are prepared by co‐precipitation from aqueous solutions of the metal sulfates, followed by annealing at 600 °C for 12 h.
Clomipramine versus placebo in the treatment of premature ejaculation: A pilot study (1993)

This study evaluated clomipramine as a possible treatment for premature ejaculation. Twenty patients with premature ejaculation were randomly allocated to treatment with clomipramine or placebo in a double-blind study. Average estimated time to ejaculation after vaginal penetration increased to 6.1 minutes on 25 mg. of clomipramine and to 8.4 minutes on 50 mg. of clomipramine. These estimated times were significantly different from estimated time to ejaculation while on placebo. These findings suggest that low dose clomipramine may be useful in the treatment of premature ejaculation.
The Internet Motion Sensor - A Distributed Blackhole Monitoring System. (2005)

As national infrastructure becomes intertwined with emerging global data networks, the stability and integrity of the two have become synonymous. This connection, while necessary, leaves network assets vulnerable to the rapidly moving threats of today’s Internet, including fast moving worms, distributed denial of service attacks, and routing exploits. This paper introduces the Internet Motion Sensor (IMS), a globally scoped Internet monitoring system whose goal is to measure, characterize, and track threats. The IMS architecture is based on three novel components. First, a Distributed Monitoring Infrastructure increases visibility into global threats. Second, a Lightweight Active Responder provides enough interactivity that traffic on the same service can be differentiated independent of application semantics. Third, a Payload Signatures and Caching mechanism avoids recording duplicated payloads, reducing overhead and assisting in identifying new and unique payloads. We explore the architectural tradeoffs of this system in the context of a 3 year deployment across multiple dark address blocks ranging in size from /24s to a /8. These sensors represent a range of organizations and a diverse sample of the routable IPv4 space including nine of all routable /8 address ranges. Data gathered from these deployments is used to demonstrate the ability of the IMS to capture and characterize several important Internet threats: the Blaster worm (August 2003), the Bagle backdoor scanning efforts
The Role of Dyslipidemia on Ocular Surface, Lacrimal and Meibomian Gland Structure and Function (2012)

DES development is not solely dependent on dyslipidemia in relevant mice models promoting this condition. On the other hand, lacrimal gland structure and function are differentially impacted by lipid profile changes in male and female mice. This dissociation suggests that other factors beside dyslipidemia impact on tear film dysfunction and DES development.
Fluorescence Sensors and Biosensors (2005)

Fluorescence-based sensing is a significant technique used in prominent fields such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting, DNA sequencing, high-throughput screening, and clinical diagnostics. Fluorescence Sensors and Biosensors emphasizes the most recent developments and emerging technologies with the broadest impacts. The text begins wi
Phase 1/2a study of EKB-569, an irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor, in combination with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) (2004)

3579 Background: EKB-569 is an orally active, low molecular weight, selective, irreversible inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. In animal models, EKB-569 in combination with different chemotherapy agents shows at least additive effects on growth inhibition of colorectal and other tumors. Methods: This open-label, dose-escalation study evaluates the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-tumor activity of EKB-569 in combination with the FOLFOX-4 regimen in patients (pts) with previously untreated advanced CRC. Pts (3–6 per cohort) were to receive EKB-569 (25, 35, 50, or 75 mg/day orally) starting on day 3 in combination with the FOLFOX-4 regimen (day 1: oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and leucovorin [LV] 200 mg/m2, 120 min, simultaneously, followed by 5-fluorouracil [FU] 400 mg/m2, bolus, and FU 600 mg/m2, 22-h continuous infusion; day 2: LV and FU as on day 1). Dose escalation was based on safety evaluations after 2 treatment cycles (14 days/cycle). Treatment continues until evidence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: Twenty nine pts were enrolled; enrollment is complete. Median age was 61 yrs (range, 46–70); ECOG performance status was 0: 71% and 1: 29%. Dose-limiting toxicities within the first 2 treatment cycles were grade 3 diarrhea (1 pt) and grade 3 febrile neutropenia (1 pt) in the 35-mg cohort. Thus, the MTD was 25 mg EKB-569, FOLFOX-4. For 25 pts, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), all grades, with frequency ≥ 30% were diarrhea (76%), paresthesia (60%), nausea (48%), and neutropenia (40%). Grade 3 or 4 TEAEs with frequency ≥ 5% were neutropenia (32%) and diarrhea (8%). Of 11 pts who completed ≥ 4 treatment cycles, 4 had partial response (PR), 6 had stable disease (2 pts for ≥ 6 mos, 1 pt with unconfirmed PR), and 1 had progressive disease (RECIST guidelines). Conclusions: EKB-569 at an oral dose of 25 mg in combination with the FOLFOX-4 regimen is generally well tolerated and shows promising antitumor activity in pts with previously untreated advanced CRC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Wyeth Research Wyeth-Lederle
The Dolastatins; 18: Stereospecific Synthesis of Dolaproine (1996)

Dolastatin 10 (1), isolated from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia, has proved to be an exceptionally promising antineoplastic substance. Synthesis of this new and important peptide has been achieved. However, a more convenient and stereoselective synthesis of its three chiral center dolaproine (2a) unit has become necessary. A practical solution to this challenging problem was realized by employment of the following key reaction steps. Chiral oxazolidinone 5 was condensed at -75°C with S-prolinal 4 using dibutylboron triflate to direct the stereochemical course of the aldol reaction. Methylation of the product (6, 60-80% yields) and cleavage of the amide, in 83 and 93% yields respectively, completed a facile route to N-Boc-dolaproine (2b). Pertinent aspects of the aldol reaction and cleavage of oxazolidinone amides are discussed.
Processing of a cellular prion protein: identification of N- and C-terminal cleavage sites (1993)

ChPrP is the chicken homologue of PrPC, the cellular isoform of the mammalian prion protein. We have used sequence-specific antibodies to immunoprecipitate and immunoblot chPrP derived from stably transfected cultures of neuroblastoma cells, as well as from chicken brain and cerebrospinal fluid. We have also used mass spectrometry to characterize fragments of the protein purified from conditioned medium. The majority of chPrP protein present in neuroblastoma cells and on isolated brain membranes can be released by incubation with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, indicating that these molecules are attached to the cell surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. Surprisingly, most of the surface-anchored molecules are truncated at their N-terminus distal to the proline/glycine-rich repeats. The corresponding N-terminal fragments are found in medium conditioned by neuroblastoma cells, as well as in cerebrospinal fluid and a postmicrosomal supernatant of brain. One of these fragments extends from Lys25 to Phe116. 35-45-kDa forms of chPrP that can be metabolically labeled with [3H]ethanolamine can also be found in extracellular media. We propose that the chPrP molecule undergoes at least two cleavages as part of its normal metabolism: one within the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor and one within or just N-terminal to the central hydrophobic domain. The second cleavage lies within a region of 24 amino acids that is identical in chPrP and mammalian PrP, and represents a major processing event that may have physiological as well as pathological significance.
Biodistribution and Imaging of FDG in Rats with LS174T Carcinoma Xenografts and Focal Escherichia coli Infection (2005)

Although in this model differences in absolute FDG uptake and initial kinetics between tumor and infection were observed, the wash-out rate of FDG from the lesions was similar over time. The retention of FDG in the inflammatory lesion indicated that dual time-point imaging does not necessarily resolve diagnostic pitfalls for FDG-PET in oncology in order to discriminate between malignant tumorous and benign infectious lesions.
Novel mitomycin C amidines: synthesis and their reactions with amines (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel mitomycin C amidines: synthesis and their reactions with aminesD. M. Vyas, Y. Chiang, D. Benigni, and T. W. DoyleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 25, 5601–5605Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00234a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00234a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low Heart Rate Variability in a 2-Minute Rhythm Strip Predicts Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality From Several Causes (2000)

Low HRV was associated with increased risk of CHD and death from several causes. It is hypothesized that low HRV is a marker of less favorable health.
Approximation of critical area of ICs with simple parameters extracted from the layout (2002)

In order to have an efficient yield model to compare and predict yields of different products for a fixed manufacturing process, it is necessary to measure a lot of parameters such as critical area of each mask level, yields of elementary process steps, etc. Obtaining values of all the required parameters in an industrial context is often very difficult, and the resulting yield model becomes almost useless, and at least very cumbersome to exploit. Simpler models have been proposed that often tradeoff simplicity for precision of the results. Most of these assume that the chip critical area is proportional to the die area. Other have used the number of transistors as a yardstick to compare chip yields for ASICs generated with a common design system. This paper proposes a new set of parameters derived from the layout of each chip that may be used to assess the yield of a new IC based on a known manufacturing process. This proposal is based on the results of several efficient statistical techniques that are described and applied to a database of approximately one million chips.
Attenuation in a Resonant Ring Circuit (Correspondence) (1960)

The use of a resonant circuit will permit raising the strength of electromagnetic fields to values considerably higher than that available directly from a transmitter. In the usual resonant cavity, standing waves exist which may raise some doubt as to the usefulness of this method for testing certain components.
GigaWalk: interactive walkthrough of complex environments (2002)

We present a new parallel algorithm and a system, GigaWalk, for interactive walkthrough of complex, gigabyte-sized environments. Our approach combines occlusion culling and levels-of-detail and uses two graphics pipelines with one or more processors. GigaWalk uses a unified scene graph representation for multiple acceleration techniques, and performs spatial clustering of geometry, conservative occlusion culling, and load-balancing between graphics pipelines and processors. GigaWalk has been used to render CAD environments composed of tens of millions of polygons at interactive rates on systems consisting of two graphics pipelines. Overall, our system's combination of levels-of-detail and occlusion culling techniques results in significant improvements in frame-rate over view-frustum culling or either single technique alone.