gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CDG‐Id in two siblings with partially different phenotypes (2007)

We present two sibs with congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) type Id. Each shows severe global delay, failure to thrive, seizures, microcephaly, axial hypotonia, and disaccharidase deficiency. One sib has more severe digestive issues, while the other is more neurologically impaired. Each is compound heterozygous for a novel point mutation and an already known mutation in the ALG3 gene that leads to the synthesis of a severely truncated oligosaccharide precursor for N-glycans. The defect is corrected by introduction of a normal ALG3 cDNA. CDG should be ruled out in all patients with severe seizures and failure to thrive. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Induction of Survivin Expression by Taxol (Paclitaxel) Is an Early Event, Which Is Independent of Taxol-mediated G2/M Arrest (2004)

Survivin is a novel anti-apoptotic protein that is highly expressed in cancer but is undetectable in most normal adult tissues. It was reported that taxol-mediated mitotic arrest of cancer cells is associated with survivin induction, which preserves a survival pathway and results in resistance to taxol. In this study, we provide new evidence that induction of survivin by taxol is an early event and is independent of taxol-mediated G(2)/M arrest. Taxol treatment of MCF-7 cells rapidly up-regulated survivin expression (3.5-15-fold) within 4 h without G(2)/M arrest. Lengthening the treatment of cells (48 h) with taxol resulted in decreased survivin expression in comparison with early times following taxol treatment, although G(2)/M cells were significantly increased at later times. Interestingly, 3 nm taxol induces survivin as effectively as 300 nm and more effectively than 3000 nm. As a result, 3 nm taxol is ineffective at inducing cell death. However, inhibition of taxol-mediated survivin induction by small interfering RNA significantly increased taxol-mediated cell death. Taxol rapidly activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and MAPK pathways. Inhibition of these pathways diminished survivin induction and sensitized cells to taxol-mediated cell death. A cis-acting DNA element upstream of -1430 in the survivin pLuc-2840 construct is at least partially responsible for taxol-mediated survivin induction. Together, these data show, for the first time, that taxol-mediated induction of survivin is an early event and independent of taxol-mediated G(2)/M arrest. This appears to be a new mechanism for cancer cells to evade taxol-induced apoptosis. Targeting this survival pathway may result in novel approaches for cancer therapeutics.
Identification and initial characterization of spore‐like cells in adult mammals (2001)

We describe the identification and initial characterization of a novel cell type that seems to be present in all tissues. To date we have isolated what we term “spore-like cells” based on the characteristics described below. They are extremely small, in the range of less than 5 μm, and appear to lie dormant and to be dispersed throughout the parenchyma of virtually every tissue in the body. Being dormant, they survive in extremely low oxygen environments, as evidenced by their viability in tissues (even in metabolically very active tissues such as the brain or spinal cord) for several days after sacrifice of an animal without delivery of oxygen or nutrients. The spore-like cells described in this report have an exceptional ability to survive in hostile conditions, known to be detrimental to mammalian cells, including extremes of temperature. Spore-like cells remain viable in unprepared tissue, frozen at −86°C (using no special preservation techniques) and then thawed, or heated to 85°C for more than 30 min. Preliminary characterization of these cells utilizing basic and special stains, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy reveal very small undifferentiated cells, which contain predominantly nucleus within a small amount of cytoplasm and a few mitochondria. Focal periodic acid-Schiff and mucicarmine stains suggest a coating of glycolipid and mucopolysaccharide. In vitro, these structures have the capacity to enlarge, develop, and differentiate into cell types expressing characteristics appropriate to the tissue environment from which they were initially isolated. We believe that these unique cells lie dormant until activated by injury or disease, and that they have the potential to regenerate tissues lost to disease or damage. J. Cell. Biochem. 80:455–460, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
N,N′-Dimethyl-2,3-dialkylpyrazinium salts as redox-switchable surfactants? Redox, spectral, EPR and surfactant properties (2005)

N,N'-dimethyl-2,3-dialkylpyrazinium salts show reversible transitions between all redox stages and a monolayer formation at the air-water interface that suggests their use as redox-switchable surfactants.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Motor Neuron Disease: Toward an Era of Individualized Medicine (2013)

Reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells into a pluripotent state (induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSCs) has opened a veritable treasure trove of opportunities for regenerative medicine and basic research on human diseases. It is now possible to generate iPSCs from human patients suffering
Right- and Left-arm Blood Pressure Discrepancies in Vascular Surgery Patients (1991)

To identify a relationship between atherosclerotic vascular disease and differences in blood pressure between the right and left arms, blood pressure differences between arms were measured in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD, n = 58), in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 38), and in patients with no evidence of atherosclerotic disease, who served as a control group (n = 38). The incidence and magnitude of right and left arm pressure difference determined by the oscillometric technique were compared between the patient groups. The incidence of systolic pressure difference greater than or equal to 20 mmHg between arms in patients with PVD (21%) was greater than that in either those with CAD (3%) (P less than or equal to 0.05) or control subjects (0%) (P less than 0.01). The incidence of systolic pressure difference greater than or equal to 45 mmHg between arms in patients with PVD (10%) was greater than that in either those with CAD (0%) (P less than 0.05) or control subjects (0%) (P less than 0.05). Patients with PVD also had a greater incidence of right and left arm difference than did those with CAD or controls for mean and diastolic blood pressures. Of all patients with a systolic difference greater than 10 mmHg, neither the right nor the left arm blood pressure was consistently higher: 21 of 35 (60%) had a higher pressure in the right arm, and 14 of 35 (40%) had a higher pressure in the left arm (P = 0.33). Gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and age were not associated with a difference in blood pressure between the right and left arms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Influence of Laser Pulse Duration in Single Event Upset Testing (2006)

Device simulations of laser induced SEU in an SRAM cell are performed with pulse durations from 100 fs to 100 mus. SEU threshold energy is notably dependent on the pulse duration. Two regimes are identified and modeled analytically and electrically
Optical demultiplexer using concave grating in 0.7–0.9 μm wavelength region (1980)

Experimental results of a demultiplexer using an aberration corrected concave grating for an optical system are described. The demultiplexer has 10 channels and a wavelength spacing of 20 mm from 0.7 to 0.9 μm wavelengths. Insertion losses and crosstalk were less than 2.5 dB and -30 dB, respectively, for all channels.
Binding of the recA protein of Escherichia coli to single- and double-stranded DNA. (1981)

The recA protein of Escherichia coli binds both single- (SS) and double-stranded (DS) DNA; however, the optimal conditions differ for interaction with these DNA substrates. Binding of DS DNA by recA protein is pH dependent (optimum near pH 6.2) and requires a nucleoside triphosphate (ATP) and divalent cation. Substitution of the 5'-O-3'-thiotriphosphate (ATP(gamma S)) for ATP leads to formation of stable complexes of recA protein and DNA that dissociate very slowly. Formation of these complexes is extremely sensitive to ionic strength and pH. However, once formed, the complexes resist changes in pH and high salt concentrations. SS DNA binds to recA protein in the absence of a nucleoside triphosphate, but recA protein-SS DNA complexes are stabilized by ATP(gamma S). At high recA protein/DNA ratios (1 recA protein monomer/30 nucleotides), these complexes sediment in sucrose gradients as large protein-DNA aggregates. Although ATP(gamma S) blocks dissociation of recA protein from DNA, ATP stimulates the release of recA protein from SS DNA. Hydrolysis of the ATP is not required for dissociation since it is also enhanced by ADP and certain nucleoside triphosphates that are not hydrolyzed by recA protein. recA protein binds with different affinities to ribohomopolymers and deoxyhomopolymers. It preferentially binds polydeoxythymidylate and polydeoxycytidylate but does not bind short oligonucleotides, indicating that there is a minimum size requirement for the binding step. The recA protein exists as a heterogeneous aggregate at pH 7.5 and at low ionic strength. At pH 6.2 in the presence of Mg2+, the protein sediments homogeneously as a dimer. At pH 6.2, ATP or ATP(gamma S) promotes an oligomerization of the recA protein which can be observed as filamentous structures by electron microscopy. Oligomerization is not induced by UTP, a nucleoside triphosphate that is efficiently hydrolyzed by the recA protein, but fails to stimulate efficiently recA protein-promoted annealing and assimilation of single-stranded DNA.
Vascular Reactivity During Migraine Attacks: A Transcranial Doppler Study (1991)

We measured vascular reactivity--expressed i) as decrease in blood flow velocity (cm/sec) per vol% CO2 decrease due to voluntary hyperventilation and ii) as increase of blood flow velocity during the first minute after resuming normal ventilation, per vol% CO2 increase--in the middle cerebral and basilar artery of 48 migraineurs with attacks without aura, and 17 normal controls. We found no differences for both determinants of vascular reactivity between migraineurs during and outside an attack, and between migraineurs and healthy volunteers. We conclude that the vasomotor reactivity is normal during migraine attacks without aura.
Synthesis of acetylcholine receptor by denervated rat diaphragm muscle. (1975)

Acetylcholine receptor was purified by affinity chromatography from denervated rat hemidiaphragms that had been incubated in organ culture for 24 hr in medium containing [35-S] methionine. Radioactive acetylcholine receptor was identified in purified preparations by zone sedimentation in a sucrose gradient, by isoelectric focusing, and by precipitation with an antiserum to the acetylcholine receptor from electric eel. When innervated and denervated hemidiaphragms were incubated with [35-S] methionine in organ culture, and the acetylcholine receptors from each were purified separately, only the preparation from denervated muscles contained radioactive receptor as determined by zone sedimentation. We conclude that newly synthesized receptor is accumulated as a result of muscle denervation.
Protein Sequencing and Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2000)

An Introduction to Protein Sequencing Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry The Primary Structure of Proteins and a Historical Overview of Protein Sequencing Fundamental Mass Spectrometry Collisionally Induced Dissociation of Protonated Peptide Ions and the Interpretation of Product Ion Spectra Basic Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis The Preparation of Protein Digests for Mass Spectrometric Sequencing Experiments Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Tryptic Digests Protein Identification by Database Searching Sequence Analysis of Novel Proteins The Characterization of Post-Translationally Modified Proteins Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry Index.
Tardive Dyskinesia: A Review (1995)

This litigation in some jurisdictions has been a major impetus to the development of novel antipsychotic agents. It is less well known that a similar, possibly identical, movement disorder occurs spontaneously particularly in the elderly and in patients with schizophrenia, and that TD is often reversible.
Cannabinoids in Blood and Urine after Passive Inhalation of Cannabis Smoke (1985)

To test the possibility that cannabinoids are detectable following passive inhalation of Cannabis smoke the following study was performed. Five healthy volunteers who had previously never used Cannabis, passively inhaled Cannabis smoke for 30 min. Cannabis smoke was provided by other subjects smoking either marijuana or hashish cigarettes in a small closed car, containing approximately 1650 L of air. delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) could be detected in the blood of all passive smokers immediately after exposure in concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 6.3 ng/mL. At the same time total blood cannabinoid levels (assayed by radioimmunoassay [RIA] ) were higher than 13 ng/mL in four of the volunteers. Both THC and cannabinoid blood concentrations fell close to the cutoff limits of the respective assays during the following 2 h. Passive inhalation also resulted in the detection of cannabinoids in the urine by RIA and enzyme multiple immunoassay technique (EMIT) assays (above 13 and 20 ng/mL, respectively). It is concluded that the demonstration of cannabinoids in blood or urine is no unequivocal proof of active Cannabis smoking.
Umidificador de traqueostoma: influência na secreção e voz de laringectomizados (2008)

The use of the HME during the period of six weeks reduced cough and expectoration of patients with total laryngectomy. However, the use of the humidifier did not have any influence on the tracheoesophageal and esophageal vocal quality of these patients.
Discovery of 2-Indole-acylsulfonamide Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) Inhibitors Using Fragment-Based Methods (2016)

Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins responsible for the regulation of programmed cell death. Amplification of Mcl-1 is a common genetic aberration in human cancer whose overexpression contributes to the evasion of apoptosis and is one of the major resistance mechanisms for many chemotherapies. Mcl-1 mediates its effects primarily through interactions with pro-apoptotic BH3 containing proteins that achieve high affinity for the target by utilizing four hydrophobic pockets in its binding groove. Here we describe the discovery of Mcl-1 inhibitors using fragment-based methods and structure-based design. These novel inhibitors exhibit low nanomolar binding affinities to Mcl-1 and >500-fold selectivity over Bcl-xL. X-ray structures of lead Mcl-1 inhibitors when complexed to Mcl-1 provided detailed information on how these small-molecules bind to the target and were used extensively to guide compound optimization.
Blood screening using diffraction phase cytometry (2010)

Blood smear analysis has remained a crucial diagnostic tool for pathologists despite the advent of automatic analyzers such as flow cytometers and impedance counters. Though these current methods have proven to be indispensible tools for physicians and researchers alike, they provide limited information on the detailed morphology of individual cells, and merely alert the operator to manually examine a blood smear by raising flags when abnormalities are detected. We demonstrate an automatic interferometry-based smear analysis technique known as diffraction phase cytometry (DPC), which is capable of providing the same information on red blood cells as is provided by current clinical analyzers, while rendering additional, currently unavailable parameters on the 2-D and 3-D morphology of individual red blood cells. To validate the utility of our technique in a clinical setting, we present a comparison between tests generated from 32 patients by a state of the art clinical impedance counter and DPC.
Antigenicity of truncated forms of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein (1996)

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines secreting a series of truncated forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) IIIB (clone BH10) gp12O were assembled. Using purified glycoproteins, we demonstrated the functional and structural integrity of these truncates by their reactivity with both sCD4 and anti-gp 120 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Deletion of the Vl, V2 and V3 regions had minimal effects on CD4 binding, but deletion of the NH2 terminus affected the folding of the truncated molecule. Deletion of either V1/V2 or V1/V2/V3 regions led to enhanced recognition by some, but not all, MAbs mapping to the CD4 binding site. In contrast, deletion of the V1/V2 regions had no effect on the ability of V3-specific MAbs to bind to the truncate. These results support the use of truncated forms of gp12O as components of potential HIV vaccines.
Decision combination in multiple classifier systems (1994)

A multiple classifier system is a powerful solution to difficult pattern recognition problems involving large class sets and noisy input because it allows simultaneous use of arbitrary feature descriptors and classification procedures. Decisions by the classifiers can be represented as rankings of classifiers and different instances of a problem. The rankings can be combined by methods that either reduce or rerank a given set of classes. An intersection method and union method are proposed for class set reduction. Three methods based on the highest rank, the Borda count, and logistic regression are proposed for class set reranking. These methods have been tested in applications of degraded machine-printed characters and works from large lexicons, resulting in substantial improvement in overall correctness.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The current status of low level laser therapy in dentistry, Part 1. Soft tissue applications (1997)

Despite more than 30 years of experience with low level laser therapy (LLLT) or 'biostimulation' in dentistry, concerns remain as to its effectiveness as a treatment modality. Controlled clinical studies have demonstrated that while LLLT is effective for some specific applications, it is not a panacea. This paper provides an outline of the biological basis of LLLT and summarizes the findings of controlled clinical studies of the use of LLLT for specific soft tissue applications in dentistry. Areas of controversy where there is a pressing need for further research are identified.
Feasibility, safety, and durability of porcine atrial ablation using a lattice‐tip temperature‐controlled radiofrequency ablation catheter (2020)

Rapid and durable PVI and linear atrial ablation is feasible with this novel 9-mm lattice-tip catheter.
Reducing Power Consumption for Mobile Platforms via Adaptive Traffic Coalescing (2011)

Battery life remains to be a critical competitive metric for today's mobile platforms that offer ubiquitous connectivity through their wireless communication interfaces. With most usage models being driven by always-on communication activities, e.g, Internet video streaming, web browsing, etc., it is imperative to understand the impact of network activities on the overall platform power, and optimize power consumption for such activities. As shown by our investigation, various real-world network-driven workloads exhibit bursty and random behavior, which motivates our work on regulating and coalescing incoming packets to reduce platform wake events. To understand the performance impact of packet coalescing, we conduct an extensive investigation to study how coalescing may affect the throughput and user experience. Armed with the deep understandings, we propose, implement and evaluate an Adaptive Traffic Coalescing (ATC) scheme that monitors the incoming traffic at the Network Interface Card (NIC), and adaptively coalesces the packets for a limited duration in the NIC buffer, thus requiring no network or eco-system support. The proposed ATC scheme effectively reduces platform wake events, and enables the platform to enter and stay in the low-power state longer for energy efficiency. We have implemented the scheme in commercial wireless NICs. Using various mobile platforms, we evaluate the power savings and performance impact of the proposed ATC scheme. Experiments show that ATC achieves significant power saving for major platform components, around 20% for real-world Internet workloads, without impacting performance and user experience.
DNA Translocations through Solid-State Plasmonic Nanopores (2014)

Nanopores enable label-free detection and analysis of single biomolecules. Here, we investigate DNA translocations through a novel type of plasmonic nanopore based on a gold bowtie nanoantenna with a solid-state nanopore at the plasmonic hot spot. Plasmonic excitation of the nanopore is found to influence both the sensor signal (nanopore ionic conductance blockade during DNA translocation) and the process that captures DNA into the nanopore, without affecting the duration time of the translocations. Most striking is a strong plasmon-induced enhancement of the rate of DNA translocation events in lithium chloride (LiCl, already 10-fold enhancement at a few mW of laser power). This provides a means to utilize the excellent spatiotemporal resolution of DNA interrogations with nanopores in LiCl buffers, which is known to suffer from low event rates. We propose a mechanism based on plasmon-induced local heating and thermophoresis as explanation of our observations.
Generation of Tumor-Reactive CTL Against the Tumor-Associated Antigen HER2 Using Retrovirally Transduced Dendritic Cells Derived from CD34+ Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells (2000)

Ag-specific CD8+ CTL are crucial for effective tumor rejection. Attempts to treat human malignancies by adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive CTL have been limited due to the difficulty of generating and expanding autologous CTL with defined Ag specificity. The current study examined whether human CTL can be generated against the tumor-associated Ag HER2 using autologous dendritic cells (DC) that had been genetically engineered to express HER2. DC progenitors were expanded by culturing CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cells in the presence of the designer cytokine HyperIL-6. Proliferating precursor cells were infected by a retroviral vector encoding the HER2 Ag and further differentiated into CD83+ DC expressing high levels of MHC, adhesion, and costimulatory molecules. Retroviral transduction of DC resulted in the expression of the HER2 molecule with a transduction efficiency of 15%. HER2-transduced DC correctly processed and presented the Ag, because HLA-A*0201-positive DC served as targets for CTL recognizing the HLA-A*0201-binding immunodominant peptide HER2(369-377). HER2-transduced DC were used as professional APCs for stimulating autologous T lymphocytes. Following repetitive stimulation, a HER2-specific, HLA-A*0201-restricted CTL line was generated that was capable of lysing HLA-A*0201-matched tumor cells overexpressing HER2. A CD8+ T cell clone could be generated that displayed the same specificity pattern as the parenteral CTL line. The ability to generate and expand HER2-specific, MHC class I-restricted CTL clones using HER2-transduced autologous DC in vitro facilitates the development of adoptive T cell transfer for patients with HER2-overexpressing tumors without the requirement of defining immunogenic peptides.
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for treatment of respiratory failure due to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2003)

Data from good quality randomised controlled trials show benefit of NPPV as first line intervention as an adjunct therapy to usual medical care in all suitable patients for the management of respiratory failure secondary to an acute exacerbation of COPD. NPPV should be considered early in the course of respiratory failure and before severe acidosis ensues, as a means of reducing the likelihood of endotracheal intubation, treatment failure and mortality.