gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Micromachining and Molecular Self-Assembly To Fabricate Microelectrodes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCombining Micromachining and Molecular Self-Assembly To Fabricate MicroelectrodesNicholas L. Abbott, Debra R. Rolison, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 8, 2672–2682Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00020a028https://doi.org/10.1021/la00020a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heterogeneity of rat skin heparin chains with high affinity for antithrombin (1987)

Subfractions of 35S-labelled rat skin heparin proteoglycans with various degrees of high affinity for antithrombin were obtained by gradient elution from a column of antithrombin-agarose. Heparin chains released from the proteoglycan preparations by beta-elimination with alkali were re-fractionated on the same column. Proportions of chains with high affinity for antithrombin (HA-chains) ranged from 17% to 76%. These separations also revealed three overlapping subfractions of HA-chains. Their proportions varied in a manner consistent with a stepwise increase in the degree of affinity of HA-chains for antithrombin, this presumably being due to the biosynthesis of increasing numbers of antithrombin-binding sites per chain. The anticoagulant activity, with respect to thrombin neutralization, ranged from 32 units/mg to 287 units/mg. It is suggested that HA-chains may have from one to five or six antithrombin-binding sites. Thus the asymmetric distribution of these sites in rat skin heparin proteoglycans is much more marked than was realized from the earlier work of Horner & Young [(1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 8749-8754].
Corticosteroids can reverse severe imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity. (2006)

A decrease in viral load during pre-emptive therapy is an important factor for later development of CMV disease.
Identification and Biochemical Characterization of Small-Molecule Inhibitors ofClostridium botulinumNeurotoxin Serotype A (2009)

An integrated strategy that combined in silico screening and tiered biochemical assays (enzymatic, in vitro, and ex vivo) was used to identify and characterize effective small-molecule inhibitors of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A). Virtual screening was initially performed by computationally docking compounds of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) database into the active site of BoNT/A light chain (LC). A total of 100 high-scoring compounds were evaluated in a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based protease assay using recombinant full-length BoNT/A LC. Seven compounds that significantly inhibited the BoNT/A protease activity were selected. Database search queries of the best candidate hit [7-((4-nitro-anilino)(phenyl)methyl)-8-quinolinol (NSC 1010)] were performed to mine its nontoxic analogs. Fifty-five analogs of NSC 1010 were synthesized and examined by the HPLC-based assay. Of these, five quinolinol derivatives that potently inhibited both full-length BoNT/A LC and truncated BoNT/A LC (residues 1 to 425) were selected for further inhibition studies in neuroblastoma (N2a) cell-based and tissue-based mouse phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm assays. Consistent with enzymatic assays, in vitro and ex vivo studies revealed that these five quinolinol-based analogs effectively neutralized BoNT/A toxicity, with CB 7969312 exhibiting ex vivo protection at 0.5 microM. To date, this is the most potent BoNT/A small-molecule inhibitor that showed activity in an ex vivo assay. The reduced toxicity and high potency demonstrated by these five compounds at the biochemical, cellular, and tissue levels are distinctive among the BoNT/A small-molecule inhibitors reported thus far. This study demonstrates the utility of a multidisciplinary approach (in silico screening coupled with biochemical testing) for identifying promising small-molecule BoNT/A inhibitors.
Multimedia, Cd-Rom and Compact Disc - A Guide for Users and Developers (1993)

Following an introduction to the origins of CD-ROM and its current capabilities, this volume covers terminology and system developments. It then explores general applications, such as the use of CD-ROM in sales departments, libraries and the classroom, and for entertainment purposes.
A randomized trial of high dose cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone plus or minus doxorubicin (CVP versus CAVP) with long-term follow-up in advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (1987)

Ninety-three stage III and IV patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were randomized to either high dose CVP (cyclophosphamide 1500 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 day 1, and prednisone 40 mg/m2 orally days 1-10) or high dose CAVP (cyclophosphamide 1000 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, doxorubicin 45 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, vincristine and prednisone as above). Overall, the complete response (CR) rates were similar (CVP 51%, CAVP 51%). Patients with the International Working Formulation diffuse large cell lymphoma had significantly higher CR with CAVP. No difference in CR duration was detected between the two regimens. CRs were durable with 68% of diffuse and 86% of diffuse large cell complete responders alive and disease free at 7 years. Survival was similar with both regimens except for patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma who survived longer with CAVP. Both regimens were equitoxic with neutropenia less than 1.0 x 10(9)/liter in 36% of courses, infections in 15% of courses, and fatal infections in three patients. These intermittent high dose cyclophosphamide equitoxic regimens produced durable responses. However, the doxorubicin-containing regimen is superior in diffuse large cell lymphoma.
IODINATION OF BACTERIA: A BACTERICIDAL MECHANISM (1967)

Myeloperoxidase, iodide, and H(2)O(2) have a bactericidal effect on Escherichia coli. Myeloperoxidase can be replaced in this system by lactoperoxidase or by a guinea pig leukocyte particulate preparation, H(2)O(2) by an H(2)O(2)-generating system such as glucose and glucose oxidase, and iodide by thyroxine or triiodothyronine. The bactericidal effect was high at pH 5.0 and fell as the pH was increased. Preincubation of myeloperoxidase, iodide, and H(2)O(2) for 30 min before the addition of the bacteria largely prevented the bactericidal effect. Thus, the organisms must be present in the reaction mixture during iodide oxidation for maximum killing, which suggests the involvement of labile intermediates of iodide oxidation rather than the more stable end products of oxidation such as iodine. Iodination of the bacteria by the myeloperoxidase-iodide-H(2)O(2) system was demonstrated chemically and radioautographically. Iodination and the bactericidal effect were similarly affected by changes in experimental conditions in all the parameters tested (effect of preincubation, pH, and inhibitors). Phagocytosis of bacteria by guinea pig leukocytes was associated with the conversion of iodide to a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form. Iodide was localized radioautographically in the cytoplasm of human leukocytes which contained ingested bacteria. Iodide fixation was not observed in the absence of phagocytosis or in the presence of Tapazole.
Preparation of harringtonine from cephalotaxine (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of harringtonine from cephalotaxineT. Ross Kelly, Robert W. McNutt Jr., Michel Montury, Nicholas P. Tosches, K. L. Mikolajczak, C. R. Smith Jr., and D. WeislederCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 1, 63–67Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01315a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01315a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Serum YKL-40 concentrations in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: relation to joint destruction (2001)

These data suggest that elevated serum YKL-40 is related to progression in joint destruction in early RA patients.
A corpus-based approach to expressive speech synthesis. (2004)

Human speech communication can be thought of as comprising two channels – the words themselves, and the style in which they are spoken. Each of these channels carries information. Today's most-advanced text-to-speech (TTS) systems such as [1],[2],[3],[4] fall far short of human speech because they offer only a single, fixed style of delivery, independent of the message. In this paper, we describe the IBM Expressive TTS Engine, which is able to add another channel by offering five speaking styles. These are: neutral declarative, conveying good news, conveying bad news, asking a question, and showing contrastive emphasis. In addition to generating speech in these five styles, our TTS system is also able to generate paralinguistic events such as sighs, breaths, and filled pauses which further enrich the style channel. We describe our methods for generating and evaluating expressive synthetic speech and paralinguistic effects. We show significant perceptual differences between expressive and neutral synthetic speech for each of our speaking styles. In addition, we describe how users have been empowered to easily communicate the desired expression to the TTS engine through our extensions [5] of the Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) [6].
Metabolic design in amino acid producing bacteriumCorynebacterium glutamicum (1995)

The Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum is used for the industrial production of amino acids, e.g. of l-glutamate and l-lysine. In the last 10 years, genetic engineering and amplification of relevant structural genes have become fascinating methods for the construction of strains with desired genotypes. By cloning and expressing the various genes of the l-lysine pathway in C. glutamicum we could demonstrate that an increase of the flux of l-aspartate semialdehyde to l-lysine could be obtained in strains with increased dehydrodipicolinate synthase activity. By combined overexpression of deregulated aspartate kinase and dihydrodipicolinate synthase, the l-lysine secretion could be increased (10–20%). Recently we detected that in C. glutamicum two pathways exist for the synthesis of dl-diaminopimelate and l-lysine. Mutants defective in one pathway are still able to synthesize enough l-lysine for growth, but the l-lysine secretion is reduced to 50–70%. Using NMR spectroscopy, we could calculate how much of the l-lysine secreted into the medium is synthesized via each pathway. Amplification of the feedback inhibition-insensitive homoserine dehydrogenase and homoserine kinase in a high l-lysine overproducing strain enabled channelling of the carbon flow from the intermediate aspartate semialdehyde towards homoserine, resulting in a high accumulation of l-threonine. For a further flux from l-threonine to l-isoleucine the allosteric control of threonine dehydratase must be eliminated. In addition to all steps considered so far to be important for amino acid overproduction, the secretion into the culture medium also has to be noted. Recently it could be demonstrated that l-glutamate, l-lysine and l-isoleucine are not secreted via passive diffusion but via specific active carrier systems. Analysis of lysine-overproducing C. glutamicum strains indicates that this secretion carrier has a strong influence on the overproduction of this amino acid. Thus, for the construction of strong amino acid overproducing strains by using the gene cloning techniques, the overexpression of the genes for the export systems also seems necessary.
Effect of cigarette smoke on CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP2B1/2 of nasal mucosae in F344 rats (1998)

Enzymes of the nasal tissue, one of the first tissues to contact inhaled toxicants, are relatively resistant to induction by traditional inducers. Because tobacco smoke has been shown to induce cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) in rat and human lung tissue, we hypothesized that it would also alter levels of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in nasal mucosae. In the present study, the effect of mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) on nasal CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP2B1/2 was explored. Four groups of 30 F344 rats were exposed to MCS (100 mg total particulate matter/m3) or filtered air for 2 or 8 weeks. Western analysis of microsomes from nasal tissue of MCS-exposed rats showed an induction of CYP1A1 in respiratory and olfactory mucosae, as well as liver, kidney and lung. Relative to controls, CYP1A2 levels increased slightly in the liver and olfactory mucosa. CYP2B1/2, which increased in the liver, appeared to decrease in upper and lower respiratory tissues. Little to no immunoreactivity with CYP1A1 antibody was observed in fixed nasal sections of control rats, yet intense immunoreactivity was seen in epithelia throughout the nasal cavity of MCS-exposed rats. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity (associated with CYP1A1/2) decreased approximately 2-fold in olfactory mucosa, but increased in non-nasal tissues of rats exposed to MCS. Methoxy- and pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activities (associated with CYP1A2 and CYP2B1/2, respectively) decreased in olfactory and respiratory mucosae, as well as lung (CYP2B1/2), yet increased in liver. These data suggest that xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymines of the nasal mucosae may be regulated differently than other tissues.
Effect of Various Levels of Forage and Form of Diet on Rumen Development and Growth in Calves (2004)

The effect of form of starter grain (coarse vs. ground) and inclusion of various levels of hay on body weight gain and rumen development was evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of form of diet and forage inclusion on intake, growth, feed efficiency, and weaning age in dairy calves. Diets consisted of commercial coarse starter (C), ground starter (G), coarse starter with 7.5% bromegrass hay of consistent particle size (8 to 19 mm) (H1), and coarse starter with 15% hay (H2). In experiment 1, intake was held constant across treatments until weaning, when feed was offered ad libitum. Calves receiving H1 and H2 were heavier and had greater body weight gain and greater feed efficiency than calves receiving C. There were no differences in intake. Total volatile fatty acid concentrations were higher, and the proportion of acetate was lower for calves fed G vs. C. In experiment 2, calves (n = 56) were offered diets on an ad libitum basis and weaned according to intake. There were no differences in body weight gain, average daily gain, feed efficiency, and age at weaning with respect to treatment. Starter and total dry matter intake tended to be greater in calves fed H1 and H2 vs. C. The addition of controlled particle size hay to diets of young calves appears to favorably alter rumen environment, resulting in increased intake and improved feed efficiency. Forage of a consistent particle size can be successfully utilized in starter rations of young calves.
Neuritic (Senile) Plaques and Filamentous Changes in Aged Rhesus Monkeys (1973)

Three rhesus monkeys, whose approximate ages were 16 to 18 years old, and one 22 to 23 years old, were studied for age changes in the nervous system. The brains of all four were slightly shrunken and the meninges were fibrotic. The vessels were stiff and fibrosed, but were not atheromatous. The lateral ventricles were mildly dilated. Bodian preparations of the oldest monkey and of one of the 16− to 18-year-old monkeys revealed the presence of neuritic (senile) plaques. Serial one-micron toluidine blue-stained sections showed that some plaques were closely associated with capillaries. Electron microscopic studies revealed that the plaques were identical to those of human Alzheimer's disease except that the typical twisted tubules were absent. Outside the plaques there were scattered neurites showing degeneration of the type found in the neuritic plaques. Furthermore, two forms of rare pathological fibrillar material were found in 3 animals. One was made up of pairs of helically wound 100 Å filaments with a twist every 500 Å. The other fibrillar structures were made up of bundles of parallel filamentous elements, each about 130 Å thick, with a distinctly granular structure on longitudinal section. A list of other abnormalities includes vascular amyloidosis, lipofuscin accumulation, dark neurons undergoing phagocytosis, myelin remodeling, aggregates of large electron-dense droplets, enlarged mitochondria and mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions, corpora amylacea, Rosenthal fibers and two types of virus-like particles.
Towards Commercialization of Utility-based Resource Allocation (2006)

Previous experience with a data center prototype called Unity established that utility functions provide a natural framework for self-optimization in distributed autonomic computing systems [1]. In an effort to bring the promise of utility-based resource allocation to the marketplace, we have infused methods prototyped in Unity into two interacting commercial products: WebSphere Extended Deployment (a middleware application server environment) and Tivoli Intelligent Orchestrator Global Resource Manager (a component of an IBM provisioning management solution). We describe several challenges to commercialization that stemmed from the need to reconcile the fundamentally different types of objectives to which the two products managed and detail how we addressed those challenges via modifications to existing internal computations and to the type of information exchanged between them. Furthermore, we describe an experiment that demonstrates quantitatively the commercial viability of utility-based resource allocation and the flexible and responsive adjustment to changes in workload and objectives that it provides.
A conditional self-inactivating retrovirus vector that uses a tetracycline-responsive expression system (1997)

We developed a novel conditional self-inactivating (C-SIN) vector, TL-SN, by replacement of the enhancer-promoter of the 3' long terminal repeat of Moloney murine leukemia virus with a synthetic tetracycline operator-cytomegalovirus promoter (tetP) from the tetracycline-responsive expression system (TRES). The other component of the TRES, a chimeric transactivator (tTA), was stably incorporated into PA317 amphotropic packaging cells, thus generating the packaging cell line PA317-tTA. C-SIN amphotropic G418-resistant virus particles were generated with a titer of 2 x 10(5) CFU/ml within 2 days of transinfection of PA317-tTA cells with TL-SN ecotropic virus particles. This titer was approximately 2 log units higher than that obtained by transinfection of parental PA317 cells and was due to the high level of viral transcripts originating from the tetP promoter at the 5' end of the transduced vector in the presence of tTA. Our C-SIN vector has the potential for use in human gene therapy since it incorporates the advantages of previous SIN vectors in having weak tetP promoter activity (in the absence of tTA in target cells) while at the same time achieving high viral titers with PA317-tTA packaging cells.
Sesquiterpene lactones: total synthesis of (.+-.)-vernolepin and (.+-.)-vernomenin (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSesquiterpene lactones: total synthesis of (.+-.)-vernolepin and (.+-.)-vernomeninPaul A. Grieco, Mugio Nishizawa, Tomei Oguri, Steven D. Burke, and Nebojsa MarinovicCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 17, 5773–5780Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00459a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00459a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4258Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel interpolation strategy for estimating subsample speckle motion (2000)

Multidimensional, high-resolution ultrasonic imaging of rapidly moving tissue is primarily limited by sparse sampling in the lateral dimension. In order to achieve acceptable spatial resolution and velocity quantization, interpolation of laterally sampled data is necessary. We present a novel method for estimating lateral subsample speckle motion and compare it with traditional interpolation methods. This method, called grid slopes, requires no a priori knowledge and can be applied to data with as few as two samples in the lateral dimension. Computer simulations were performed to compare grid slopes with two conventional interpolation schemes, parabolic fit and cubic spline. Results of computer simulations show that parabolic fit and cubic spline performed poorly at translations greater than 0.5 samples, and translations less than 0.5 samples were subject to an estimation bias. Grid slopes accurately estimated translations between 0 and 1 samples without estimation bias at high signal-to-noise ratios. Given that the grid slopes interpolation technique performs well at high signal-to-noise ratios, one pertinent clinical application might be tissue motion tracking.