gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Laparoscopic Aortobifemoral Bypass. (2007)

Standard open surgery for aortoiliac occlusive disease has achieved excellent long-term patency, but is accompanied by postoperative morbidity, including ileus, pain and delayed functional recovery. A laparoscopic approach to the aorta may afford several advantages as a less invasive modality. Herein, our two experiences of a total laparoscopic aortobifemoral bypass (LABF) are reported. Two males, 57 and 73-years old, presented with a history of resting pain in both legs (especially right) and progressing severe claudication, respectively. The patients were positioned in right lateral decubitus, with their left side elevated between 70° to 80° using a pillow and tilted table. Five ports under the pneumoperitoneum were used for the procedure (five ports; 10 to 12 ㎜). The laparoscopic techniques consisted of aortic dissection, vascular control and intracorporeal anastomosis. The approach to the aorta in the transperitoneal left retrocolic plane was used for the first case, and in the transperitoneal left retrorenal plane for the second. Laparoscopic anastomosis was performed through two continuous running intracorporeal sutures and multiple interrupted sutures. The aortic clamping times were 178 and 185 minutes, respectively. The operative times were 415 and 530 minutes, with liquid diets initiated on the second and third postoperative days, respectively. Both patients suffered minimal postoperative pain, and were subsequently discharged. Total laparoscopic aortobifemoral bypass is more technically demanding than an open procedure. However, our experiences indicate that total laparoscopic aortic surgery is worthy of further development.
Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients (2001)

In patients with peripheral arterial disease, diabetic patients have worse arterial disease and a poorer outcome than nondiabetic patients.
Isolation of bone cell clones with differences in growth, hormone responses, and extracellular matrix production. (1982)

Clones of nontransformed hormone-responsive bone cells have been isolated in vitro from mixed cell populations of fetal rat calvaria. In several independent isolations, microscopically visible colonies appeared at plating efficiencies of 5-10% of the starting cell numbers. Of these clones, approximately 10% grew to mass populations which could be assayed for a number of growth and biochemical properties. Although some similarities existed among the clones, they could be distinguished from each other and from the mixed cell populations. Population-doubling times (tDs) and saturation densities varied over a wide range: e.g., tDs of 24-72 h and saturation densities of 0.4-5 x 10(5) cells/cm2. Morphologies varied from roughly polygonal multilayering cells to typically spindle-shaped monolayering cells. Hormone responsiveness, as measured by stimulation of cAMP by hormones, indicated that some clones were responsive to both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), while others responded to PTH only. Analysis of extracellular matrix components revealed that all clones produced type I and type III collagens, though in different proportions. Similarly, although all clones synthesized four glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and dermatan sulfate), the quantities of each were distinctive from clone to clone. Further investigation of such clones is continuing to define more precisely the heterogeneity of clonal bone cell populations in vitro. They represent an important step in the study of the endocrinology and differentiation of bone.
Photochemical products in coumarin laser dyes (1974)

The photochemical degradation processes occurring in a flashlamp-pumped dye laser using an ethanol solution of 7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin have been investigated in detail. The pump radiation gives rise to two irreversible reaction paths, resulting in a total of five photochemical products. One of these substances inhibits laser action because of its optical absorptivity at laser wavelengths. Suggestions for extending dye lifetimes based on this investigation are given.
Calix[4]arene‐Phosphine Dimers: Precursors of Flexible Metallo‐Capsules and Self‐Compacting Molecules (2009)

The first diphosphines based on a double calixarene, namely 1,4 (or 1,3)-bis-(5-diphenylphosphino-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]aren-17-yl)benzene (L(2), L(3)) were each prepared in four steps starting from 5,17-dibromo-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene. Upon reaction of L(2) with [Au(tht)(thf)]BF(4), (tht = C(4)H(8)S) a rigid metallo-capsule was quantitatively formed, which adopts an oblique form owing to the distinct nature of the spacers linking the two calixarene half-spheres. In the solid state, the 1,4-substituted phenylene linker is turned towards the gold ion, suggesting the existence of weak bonding interactions between two aromatic CH protons of this ring and the metal centre (AuH =2.67 A). In contrast to this gold complex, the related silver complex shows dynamic behaviour in solution, the exchange between two enantiomeric oblique forms being facilitated by the greater stereochemical flexibility of Ag(I) vs. Au(I). A heteronuclear (109)Ag{(1)H} HMQC experiment established strong correlations between the CH protons of the phenylene linker and the (109)Ag ion. Dynamic behaviour similar to that observed for the silver complex was further observed in trans-[PtCl(2)L(2)], a chelate complex that could be obtained quantitatively from L(2) and [PtCl(2)(PhCN)(2)]. The intended formation of a chelate complex leading to a capsule with an endo-oriented metal centre was achieved by reacting L(3) with [Pd(allyl)(thf)(2)]BF(4). The complex thus formed constitutes the first organometallic transition metal complex embedded in a cavity with large portals. Binding of [RuCl(2)(p-cymene)] to L(2) and L(3) resulted in self-compacting bimetallic complexes in which each calixarene basket entraps a Ru(p-cymene) unit, thereby forming molecules occupying a minimal volume.
Operational Implementation of a Broadcast Television Frame Synchronizer (1975)

The first permanent installation of a television frame synchronizer in the U.S. and the successful processing of various types of signals for broadcast are discussed. The frame synchronizer is well suited to overcoming problems in video switching due to: videotape servo instabilities, Doppler effects in satellite video distribution and instantaneous event integration without genlock in electronic journalism. It has become a powerful and valuable tool for the broadcaster.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on tunable plasmonic nanoparticle substrates (2004)

Au and Ag nanoshells are investigated as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We find that SERS enhancements on nanoshell films are dramatically different from those observed on colloidal aggregates, specifically that the Raman enhancement follows the plasmon resonance of the individual nanoparticles. Comparative finite difference time domain calculations of fields at the surface of smooth and roughened nanoshells reveal that surface roughness contributes only slightly to the total enhancement. SERS enhancements as large as 2.5 x 10(10) on Ag nanoshell films for the nonresonant molecule p-mercaptoaniline are measured.
The HIV-1 Rev response element (2012)

The HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE) is a ~350 nucleotide, highly structured, cis-acting RNA element essential for viral replication. It is located in the env coding region of the viral genome and is extremely well conserved across different HIV-1 isolates. It is present on all partially spliced and unspliced viral mRNA transcripts, and serves as an RNA framework onto which multiple molecules of the viral protein Rev assemble. The Rev-RRE oligomeric complex mediates the export of these messages from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where they are translated to produce essential viral proteins and/or packaged as genomes for new virions.
Modified lipoproteins as contrast agents for imaging of atherosclerosis (2007)

The ability to detect and characterize atherosclerosis with targeted contrast agents may enable initiation of therapy for atherosclerotic lesions prior to becoming symptomatic. Since lipoproteins such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) play a critical role in the regulation of plaque biology through the transport of lipids into and out of atherosclerotic lesions, modifying HDL and LDL with radioisotopes for nuclear imaging, chelates for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other possible contrast agents for computed tomography imaging techniques may aid in the detection and characterization of atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the literature employing lipoproteins as contrast agents for imaging atherosclerosis and the feasibility of this approach.
Identification of a Rev-related protein by analysis of spliced transcripts of the human endogenous retroviruses HTDV/HERV-K (1995)

The human endogenous retrovirus family HTDV/HERV-K codes for the viral particles observed in teratocarcinoma cell lines. Two types of proviral genomes exist; these differ in the presence or absence of a stretch of 292 nucleotides. This sequence comprises the amino-terminal part of the env gene, the putative signal peptide, which overlaps in part with the carboxy terminus of the pol gene. Type 2 genomes containing this sequence presumably more closely reflect the structure of the infectious, replication-competent retrovirus ancestors of the HERV-K family than do type 1 genomes that lack the sequence. In human teratocarcinoma cell lines, both variants are expressed. Type 1 genomes, in which pol and env genes are fused, are deficient in splicing. Type 2 transcripts are spliced to subgenomic env mRNA and smaller messages. A doubly spliced transcript encodes a short open reading frame, preliminarily designated cORF (R. Löwer, K. Boller, B. Hasenmeier, C. Korbmacher, N. Mueller-Lantzsch, J. Löwer, and R. Kurth, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:4480-4484). The genomic organization of cORF resembles that of nonprimate lentivirus rev genes: the first exon comprises nearly the entire signal peptide of env, and the second exon is derived from a different reading frame in the 3' part of the genome. A nucleolar localization signal, which is also a putative RNA binding domain, as well as a sequence with similarities to the Rev effector domain consensus sequence is present in the first exon. Secondary structure analysis reveals similarities to basic helix-loop-helix proteins. cORF is a small protein with an apparent molecular mass of 14 kDa which accumulates in the nucleolus as has been described for Rev proteins.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐3 mRNA in the rat developing forebrain and retina (2009)

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3, a receptor for VEGF-C and VEGF-D, is expressed in neural progenitor cells, but there has been no comprehensive study of its distribution in the developing brain. Here, the temporal and cell-specific expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA was studied in the developing rat forebrain and eye. Expression appeared along the ventricular and subventricular zones of the lateral and third ventricles showing ongoing neurogenesis as early as embryonic day 13 but was progressively down-regulated during development and remained in the subventricular zone and rostral migratory stream of the adult forebrain. VEGFR-3 expression was also detectable in some differentiating and postmitotic neurons in the developing cerebral cortex, including Cajal-Retzius cells, cortical plate neurons, and subplate neurons. Expression in the subplate increased significantly during the early postnatal period but was absent by postnatal day 14. It was also highly expressed in nonneural tissues of the eye during development, including the retinal pigment epithelium, the retinal ciliary margin, and the lens, but persisted in a subset of cells in the pigmented ciliary epithelium of the adult eye. In contrast, there was weak or undetectable expression in the early neural retina, but a subset of retinal neurons in the postnatal and mature retina showed intense signals. These unique spatiotemporal mRNA expression patterns suggest that VEGFR-3 might mediate the regulation of both neurogenesis and adult neuronal function in the rat forebrain and eye.
Chromosomal Localization of Muscle Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Genes in the Mouse (1986)

The chromosomal localization of the genes encoding the four subunits of muscle nicotinic receptor was determined by analyzing restriction fragment length polymorphisms between two mouse species Mus musculus domesticus (DBA/2) and Mus spretus (SPE). Analysis of the progeny of the interspecies mouse backcross (DBA/2 X SPE) X DBA/2 showed that the alpha-subunit gene cosegregates with the alpha-cardiac actin gene on chromosome 17, that the beta-subunit gene is located on chromosome 11, and that the gamma- and delta-subunit genes cosegregate and are located on chromosome 1.
Phase 1 Study of Intratumoral Pexa-Vec (JX-594), an Oncolytic and Immunotherapeutic Vaccinia Virus, in Pediatric Cancer Patients (2014)

Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec, JX-594) is an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus designed to destroy cancer cells through viral lysis and induction of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-driven tumor-specific immunity. Pexa-Vec has undergone phase 1 and 2 testing alone and in combination with other therapies in adult patients, via both intratumoral and intravenous administration routes. We sought to determine the safety of intratumoral administration in pediatric patients. In a dose-escalation study using either 10(6) or 10(7) plaque-forming units per kilogram, we performed one-time injections in up to three tumor sites in five pediatric patients and two injections in one patient. Ages at study entry ranged from 4 to 21 years, and their cancer diagnoses included neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and Ewing sarcoma. All toxicities were ≤ grade 3. The most common side effects were sinus fever and sinus tachycardia. All three patients at the higher dose developed asymptomatic grade 1 treatment-related skin pustules that resolved within 3-4 weeks. One patient showed imaging evidence suggestive of antitumor biological activity. The two patients tested for cellular immunoreactivity to vaccinia antigens showed strong responses. Overall, our study suggests Pexa-Vec is safe to administer to pediatric patients by intratumoral administration and could be studied further in this patient population.
Electrical imaging of the heart (1997)

We give an overview of "cardiac electrical imaging", which is a generalization of the ECG in which more information is acquired by using a larger array of electrodes to record a sequence of "electrical images". These image sequences can be measured noninvasively on the body surface or invasively on or in the heart muscle itself. Here we briefly discuss the motivation for cardiac electrical imaging, we describe some relevant background electrophysiology to indicate how cardiac electrical imaging can provide information about the heart' s health, and then we give an overview of the technical challenges that arise in displaying, representing, and analyzing these image sequences.
A1 Receptor Antagonist 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine Selectively Activates Chloride Efflux from Human Epithelial and Mouse Fibroblast Cell Lines Expressing the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator .DELTA.F508 Mutation (1995)

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting chloride transport in pancreas, lung, and other tissues, which is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR). The A1 receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (CPX) stimulates 36Cl- efflux from pancreatic CFPAC-1 cells which bear the delta F508 genotype common to most cases of cystic fibrosis [Eidelman et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 5562-5566]. By contrast, correction of the cystic fibrosis defect by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer renders the resulting CFPAC-PLJ-CFTR cells insensitive to CPX. We now report that CPX also activates chloride efflux from the CF tracheal epithelial cell line IB3-1 bearing a delta F508 allele, but not if the IB3-1 cells have been repaired by transfection of the wild-type CFTR gene. Similar results were obtained with recombinant NIH 3T3 cells, in which CPX activates 36Cl- efflux from cells expressing the CFTR (delta F508) gene product but not from 3T3 cells expressing the wild-type CFTR. In all three cell types expressing CFTR (delta F508), CPX was found to activate 36Cl- efflux in a dose-dependent manner over the concentration range of 1-30 nM and then gradually lose potency at higher CPX concentrations. Six CPX analogues, A1 receptor antagonists of affinity similar to that of CPX, were found to be much less effective than CPX at activating 36Cl- efflux from CFPAC-1 cells. These included 2-thio-CPX. CPT (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine),3,4-dehydro-CPX,3-F-CPX,3-1-CPX, and KW-3902 (8-noradamantyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Periodontal Disease: The sixth complication of diabetes mellitus (1993)

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by destruction of the periodontal tissues and resulting in loss of connective tissue attachment, loss of alveolar bone, and the formation of pathological pockets around the diseased teeth. Some level of periodontal disease has been found in most populations studied and is responsible for a substantial portion of the tooth loss in adulthood.
Epidemiological surveillance of colonising group B Streptococcus epidemiology in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley regions, Portugal (2005 to 2012): emergence of a new epidemic type IV/clonal complex 17 clone (2014)

This study presents the serotype distribution and the antibiotic resistance profile of 953 colonising group B Streptococcus (GBS) recovered from women of child bearing age (15 to 49 years) between 2005 and 2012 in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region, Portugal. Overall, serotypes Ia, II, III, and V were the most common, accounting 752 of the 953 isolates (about 80%). However, there were changes in GBS distribution, in particular in the two last years of the study. Of note, the proportion of serotype IV isolates increased from 1% (2/148) in 2006 to 20% (19/97) in 2012. Also, considerable proportions of serotype IV isolates from 2010 to 2012 were respectively resistant to erythromycin (9/43; 21%) or clindamycin (6/43; 14%). The identification of nine serotype IV isolates presenting a novel association with the clonal complex (CC) 17 lineage, involving a putative capsular switch, may accentuate their virulence potential and ecological success. Molecular analysis of this subgroup of isolates revealed the presence of rib, IS (insertion sequence) 861 and GBSi1 group II intron within the C5a peptidase gene (scpB) – laminin-binding protein gene (lmb) region, reflecting high clonality and a putative common origin. A close surveillance of the emergent type IV/CC17 isolates is crucial considering the potential impact over GBS treatment guidelines and capsular vaccine development.
Via minimization for ic and pcb layouts (1987)

In the design of integrated circuits (ICs), it is important to minimize the number of vias between conductors on different layers since excess vias lead to decreased yield and degraded circuit performance. Similarly, in the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs), it is important to minimize the number of contact holes used to connect copper strips on opposite sides of the board. Excess contact holes increase manufacturing cost and decrease the board's reliability. Given a particular design of an IC (or PCB), the Constrained Via Minimization Problem is to find a layer assignment that requires the fewest possible vias (or contact holes). It is shown that this problem is NP-hard for two- layer layouts and remains so when the layout is restricted to be grid-based, vias are restricted to lie at previously existing junctions, and the maximum number of wires which are joined at any particular junction does not exceed six. A new graph- theoretic formulation of the two-layer problem is then presented along with an algorithm which yields optimum results when the maximum junction degree is limited to three. The worst-case time complexity of the algorithm is O (n sup 3) where n is the number of routing segments in the given layout. Unlike previous algorithms, this algorithm does not require the layout to be grid based and places no constraints on the location of vias or the number of wires that may be joined at a single junction. If there are junctions with degree exceeding three, then our solution may be slightly less then optimum. If vias are limited to a subset of all possible via sites such as those allowable by a particular set of geometric design rules, then a further speedup is possible. This algorithm has been fully implemented. When tested on examples from the literature, it was found to be faster than the existing heuristic algorithms. A new heuristic is also suggested that is based on properties of the optimum solutions which were generated by this algorithm.
Olefin metathesis - a mechanistic study of high-valent Group VI catalysts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOlefin metathesis - a mechanistic study of high-valent Group VI catalystsAnthony K. Rappe and William A. Goddard IIICite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 2, 448–456Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00366a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00366a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views865Altmetric-Citations217LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts