gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular pharmacology of receptors for calcitonin-gene-related peptide, amylin and adrenomedullin (1997)

Conference Article| August 01 1997 Molecular pharmacology of receptors for calcitonin-gene-related peptide, amylin and adrenomedullin D. R. Poyner D. R. Poyner 1Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (3): 1032–1036. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0251032 Article history Received: March 03 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. R. Poyner; Molecular pharmacology of receptors for calcitonin-gene-related peptide, amylin and adrenomedullin. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1997; 25 (3): 1032–1036. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0251032 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CGRP, calcitonin-gene-related peptide, CysACM-CGRP, [acetamidomethylCys2,7]-human α-CGRP, pKd,—log10(dissociation constant) This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Desmosome Signaling (2005)

In the human autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus vulgaris (PV) pathogenic antibodies bind the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-3 (dsg3), causing epidermal cell-cell detachment (acantholysis). Pathogenic PV dsg3 autoantibodies were used to initiate desmosome signaling in human keratinocyte cell cultures. Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and p38MAPK were identified as proteins rapidly phosphorylated in response to PV IgG. Inhibition of p38MAPK activity prevented PV IgG-induced HSP27 phosphorylation, keratin filament retraction, and actin reorganization. These observations suggest that PV IgG binding to dsg3 activates desmosomal signal transduction cascades leading to (i) p38MAPK and HSP27 phosphorylation and (ii) cytoskeletal reorganization, supporting a mechanistic role for signaling in PV IgG-induced acantholysis. Targeting desmosome signaling via inhibition of p38MAPK and HSP27 phosphorylation may provide novel treatments for PV and other desmosome-associated blistering diseases.
The Nrf2 System as a Potential Target for the Development of Indirect Antioxidants (2010)

Oxidative stress causes damage to multiple cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, and is implicated in various human diseases including cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammatory diseases, and aging. In response to oxidative attack, cells have developed an antioxidant defense system to maintain cellular redox homeostasis and to protect cells from damage. The thiol-containing small molecules (e.g. glutathione), reactive oxygen species-inactivating enzymes (e.g. glutathione peroxidase), and phase 2 detoxifying enzymes (e.g. NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 and glutathione-S-transferases) are members of this antioxidant system. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a CNC-bZIP transcription factor which regulates the basal and inducible expression of a wide array of antioxidant genes. Following dissociation from the cytosolic protein Keap1, a scaffolding protein which binds Nrf2 and Cul3 ubiquitin ligase for proteasome degradation, Nrf2 rapidly accumulates in the nucleus and transactivates the antioxidant response element in the promoter region of many antioxidant genes. The critical role of Nrf2 has been demonstrated by various animal studies showing that mice with a targeted disruption of the nrf2 gene are prone to develop lesions in response to environmental toxicants/carcinogens, drugs, and inflammatory insults. In this review, we discuss the role of the Nrf2 system, with particular focus on Nrf2-controlled target genes and the potential pleiotropic effects of Nrf2 activation of indirect antioxidants.
Simulation of the Carbonate Looping Process for Post‐Combustion CO2 Capture from a Coal‐Fired Power Plant (2009)

Abstract The present contribution focuses on the carbonate looping process, i.e., post‐combustion CO 2 capture by means of CaO containing solid sorbents in a system of two circulating fluidized bed reactors. Material and energy balances were performed using the ASPEN PLUS TM software. Two different modeling approaches are applied to the carbonator. First, the entire active fraction of CaO is assumed to be converted; second, the CO 2 absorption efficiency in the circulating fluidized bed is calculated using an analytical 1D model for fast fluidization. The absorption of SO 2 by CaO is taken into account. The overall plant efficiency depends on the mass flows of fresh limestone and circulating CaO. The process is shown to be economically feasible, having low energy penalties in comparison with other CO 2 capture technologies and it seems to be suited for retro‐fitting existing power plants.
The novel synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO-imidazolide, inhibits inflammatory response and tumor growth in vivo. (2003)

1[2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]imidazole (CDDO-Im) is a novel synthetic triterpenoid more potent than its parent compound, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), both in vitro and in vivo. CDDO-Im is highly active in suppressing cellular proliferation of human leukemia and breast cancer cell lines (IC(50), approximately 10-30 nM). In U937 leukemia cells, CDDO-Im also induces monocytic differentiation as measured by increased cell surface expression of CD11b and CD36. In each of these assays, CDDO-Im is several-fold more active than CDDO. Although CDDO and CDDO-Im both bind and transactivate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma, the irreversible PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 does not block the ability of either CDDO or CDDO-Im to induce differentiation; moreover, PPARgamma-null fibroblasts are still sensitive to the growth-suppressive effects of CDDO. Thus, CDDO-Im has significant actions independent of PPARgamma transactivation. In addition, the rexinoid LG100268 and the deltanoid ILX23-7553 (ILX7553) synergize with CDDO and CDDO-Im to induce differentiation. In vivo, CDDO-Im is a potent inhibitor of de novo inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in primary mouse macrophages. Moreover, CDDO-Im inhibits growth of B16 murine melanoma and L1210 murine leukemia cells in vivo. The potent effects of CDDO-Im, both in vitro and in vivo, suggest it should be considered for clinical use.
Toward Molecular Muscles:  Design and Synthesis of an Electrically Conducting Poly[cyclooctatetrathiophene] (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorToward Molecular Muscles: Design and Synthesis of an Electrically Conducting Poly[cyclooctatetrathiophene]Michael J. Marsella and Rodney J. ReidView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 Cite this: Macromolecules 1999, 32, 18, 5982–5984Publication Date (Web):August 18, 1999Publication History Received4 June 1999Revised26 July 1999Published online18 August 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma990892rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma990892rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1244Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Conformational transitions,Electrical conductivity,Monomers,Plastics,Polymers Get e-Alerts
A perfectly symmetric lac operator binds the lac repressor very tightly. (1983)

A completely symmetric DNA segment has been constructed that binds the lactose repressor of Escherichia coli 10-fold more tightly than does the natural lactose operator sequence. This tight-binding operator is an inverted repeat of a 15-base-pair segment from the left half of the natural operator sequence, the inversion being about the point indicated by the arrow shown below: (sequence in text) where the upper sequence is the natural operator and the lower sequence is the symmetric operator. The increased affinity of repressor for this symmetric sequence supports the idea that the tetrameric repressor is designed for a two-module binding to DNA, presumably via two (or two pairs) of its identical subunits. The natural operator is apparently "flawed" by "incorrect" base pairs in the right operator half and by an "incorrect" spacing between the operator halves with respect to maximal repressor binding.
Wavefront reconstruction using iterative Fourier transforms (1991)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text François Roddier and Claude Roddier, "Wavefront reconstruction using iterative Fourier transforms," Appl. Opt. 30, 1325-1327 (1991) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Optimizing Influenza Vaccine Distribution (2009)

The criteria to assess public health policies are fundamental to policy optimization. Using a model parametrized with survey-based contact data and mortality data from influenza pandemics, we determined optimal vaccine allocation for five outcome measures: deaths, infections, years of life lost, contingent valuation, and economic costs. We find that optimal vaccination is achieved by prioritization of schoolchildren and adults aged 30 to 39 years. Schoolchildren are most responsible for transmission, and their parents serve as bridges to the rest of the population. Our results indicate that consideration of age-specific transmission dynamics is paramount to the optimal allocation of influenza vaccines. We also found that previous and new recommendations from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention both for the novel swine-origin influenza and, particularly, for seasonal influenza, are suboptimal for all outcome measures.
Ligand binding and allostery can emerge simultaneously (2007)

A heterotropic allosteric effect involves an effector molecule that is distinct from the substrate or ligand of the protein. How heterotropic allostery originates is an unanswered question. We have previously created several heterotropic allosteric enzymes by recombining the genes for TEM1 beta-lactamase (BLA) and maltose binding protein (MBP) to create BLAs that are positively or negatively regulated by maltose. We show here that one of these engineered enzymes has approximately 10(6) M(-1) affinity for Zn(2+), a property that neither of the parental proteins possesses. Furthermore, Zn(2+) is a negative effector that noncompetitively switches off beta-lactam hydrolysis activity. Mutagenesis experiments indicate that the Zn(2+)-binding site does not involve a histidine or a cysteine, which is atypical of natural Zn(2+)-binding sites. These studies also implicate helices 1 and 12 of the BLA domain in allosteric signal propagation. These results support a model for the evolution of heterotropic allostery in which effector affinity and allosteric signaling emerge simultaneously.
Solution-Processible Conjugated Electrophosphorescent Polymers (2004)

We report the synthesis and photophysical study of a series of solution-processible phosphorescent iridium complexes. These comprise bis-cyclometalated iridium units [Ir(ppy)(2)(acac)] or [Ir(btp)(2)(acac)] where ppy is 2-phenylpyridinato, btp is 2-(2'-benzo[b]thienyl)pyridinato, and acac is acetylacetonate. The iridium units are covalently attached to and in conjugation with oligo(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) [(FO)(n)] to form complexes [Ir(ppy-(FO)(n))(2)(acac)] or [Ir(btp-(FO)(n))(2)(acac)], where the number of fluorene units, n, is 1, 2, 3, approximately 10, approximately 20, approximately 30, or approximately 40. All the complexes exhibit emission from a mixed triplet state in both photoluminescence and electroluminescence, with efficient quenching of the fluorene singlet emission. Short-chain complexes, 11-13, [Ir(ppy-(FO)(n)-FH)(2)(acac)] where n = 0, 1, or 2, show green light emission, red-shifted through the FO attachment by about 70 meV, but for longer chains there is quenching because of the lower energy triplet state associated with polyfluorene. In contrast, polymer complexes 18-21 [Ir(btp-(FO)(n))(2)(acac)] where n is 5-40 have better triplet energy level matching and can be used to provide efficient red phosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes, with a red shift due to the fluorene attachment of about 50 meV. We contrast this small (50-70 meV) and short-range modification of the triplet energies through extended conjugation, with the much more substantial evolution of the pi-pi* singlet transitions, which saturate at about n = 10. These covalently bound materials show improvements in efficiency over simple blends and will form the basis of future investigations into energy-transfer processes occurring in light-emitting diodes.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Common Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System by Using a Single Multiplex PCR Screening Assay (1999)

A multiplex PCR assay that detects the four commonest causes of viral meningitis and encephalitis in the United Kingdom (herpes simplex virus [HSV] type 1 [HSV-1], HSV type 2 [HSV-2], varicella-zoster virus [VZV], and enteroviruses) was developed, and its sensitivity was compared with those of similar assays described previously for this application. Compared to the previous assays, this single multiplex PCR assay had higher molecular sensitivities for the detection for each of the viruses and improved utility for routine use in a diagnostic laboratory. The assay was used to test a series of 1,683 consecutive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples between June 1997 and March 1998 inclusively. Viral nucleic acid was detected in 138 (8.2%) of the CSF samples, including enteroviruses in 51 samples, HSV-2 in 33 samples, VZV in 28 samples, and HSV-1 in 25 samples. Compared to the accepted relative incidence of viral etiologies, aseptic meningitis due to HSV-2 infection was high, and in adult female patients with symptoms of aseptic meningitis, HSV-2 was the virus most commonly detected in the CSF.
Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease (2005)

Subclinical hypothyroidism may be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease.
Alternatives to Dimethylsulfoxide for Serum-Free Cryopreservation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2010)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have some favorable characteristics like high plasticity, multilineage differentiation potential, and comparably easy handling in vitro, making them of interest for many clinical and therapeutic approaches including cell therapy. For routine applications, these cells have to be stored over a certain period of time without loss of cell vitality and function. An easy way to preserve cells is to store them at temperatures between -80°C and -196°C (liquid nitrogen). To prevent cells from the damage caused by the cryopreservation process and to achieve high cell recovery and vitality, cryoprotectants are used. Typically dimethylsulfoxide, often in combination with serum, is used as a cryoprotectant. However, for clinical approaches, the use of dimethylsulfoxide and serum in patients is problematic for several reasons. Therefore, the cryopreservation of human mesenchymal stem cells for cell therapeutic applications without dimethylsulfoxide and serum demands investigation. In this work, non-toxic alternatives to dimethylsulfoxide such as glycerol or the compatible solutes, proline and ectoin, were analyzed in a serum-free cryomedium with respect to their cryoprotective properties. Different concentrations of the cryoprotectants (1–10% (w/v) ectoin or proline, respectively, or 5–20% (v/v) glycerol) and certain incubation times (0–60 minutes) were investigated with regard to post-thaw cell vitality and cell growth. Our results showed that, in general, cryopreservation with ectoin led to high post-thaw cell survival of up to 72% whereas after cryopreservation with glycerol and proline, the hMSC cells were completely dead (glycerol) or had only poor cell survival (proline, 22%). Moreover, the morphology of the hMSC cells changed to a large and flat phenotype after cryopreservation with proline. These results indicate that glycerol and proline are not suitable for cryopreservation of hMSC. In contrast, ectoin has the potential to replace dimethylsulfoxide as a cryoprotectant in a serum-free cryomedium.
On the Coprecipitation Method for the Preparation of High Tc M-X-Cu-O (M=Ba, Sr, X=La, Y) System (1987)

The maximum yield for each solute is obtained at different pH values. The pH values of 2.3 and 4 are optimum for the preparation of Ba-La-Cu-O, Sr-La-Cu-O and Ba-Y-Cu-O, respectively. The composition ratio of the high T c superconducting materials was 0.54:0.33:1 (Ba:Y:Cu).
Deep Sparse Rectifier Neural Networks (2012)

While logistic sigmoid neurons are more biologically plausible than hyperbolic tangent neurons, the latter work better for training multi-layer neural networks. This paper shows that rectifying neurons are an even better model of biological neurons and yield equal or better performance than hyperbolic tangent networks in spite of the hard non-linearity and non-differentiability at zero, creating sparse representations with true zeros, which seem remarkably suitable for naturally sparse data. Even though they can take advantage of semi-supervised setups with extra-unlabeled data, deep rectifier networks can reach their best performance without requiring any unsupervised pre-training on purely supervised tasks with large labeled datasets. Hence, these results can be seen as a new milestone in the attempts at understanding the difficulty in training deep but purely supervised neural networks, and closing the performance gap between neural networks learnt with and without unsupervised pre-training. 1
Intramuscular delivery of heterodimeric IL-15 DNA in macaques produces systemic levels of bioactive cytokine inducing proliferation of NK and T cells (2014)

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a common γ-chain cytokine that has a significant role in the activation and proliferation of T and NK cells and holds great potential in fighting infection and cancer. We have previously shown that bioactive IL-15 in vivo comprises a complex of the IL-15 chain with the soluble or cell-associated IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) chain, which together form the IL-15 heterodimer. We have generated DNA vectors expressing the heterodimeric IL-15 by optimizing mRNA expression and protein trafficking. Repeated administration of these DNA plasmids by intramuscular injection followed by in vivo electroporation in rhesus macaques resulted in sustained high levels of IL-15 in plasma, with no significant toxicity. Administration of DNAs expressing heterodimeric IL-15 also resulted in an increased frequency of NK and T cells undergoing proliferation in peripheral blood. Heterodimeric IL-15 led to preferential expansion of CD8(+)NK cells, all memory CD8(+) T-cell subsets and effector memory CD4(+) T cells. Expression of heterodimeric IL-15 by DNA delivery to the muscle is an efficient procedure to obtain high systemic levels of bioactive cytokine, without the toxicity linked to the high transient cytokine peak associated with protein injection.
The role of galectin-3 and galectin-3–binding protein in venous thrombosis (2014)

Galectin-3-binding protein (gal3bp) and its receptor/ligand, galectin-3 (gal3), are secreted proteins that initiate signaling cascades in several diseases, and recent human proteomic data suggest they may play a role in venous thrombosis (VT). We hypothesized that gal3bp and gal3 may promote VT. Using a mouse stasis model of VT, we found that gal3bp and gal3 were localized on vein wall, red blood cells, platelets, and microparticles, whereas leukocytes expressed gal3 only. Gal3 was dramatically increased during early VT and gal3bp:gal3 colocalized in the leukocyte/endothelial cell interface, where leukocytes were partially attached to the vein wall. Thrombus size correlated with elevated gal3 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) vein wall levels. Recombinant gal3 promoted VT and increased vein wall IL-6 mRNA. Although recombinant gal3 restored the VT size in gal3(-/-) mice, it had no effect on IL6(-/-) mice, suggesting that gal3:gal3bp promotes VT through IL-6. Moreover, significantly fewer activated neutrophils were present in the gal3(-/-) vein walls. In a group of human patients, elevated circulating gal3bp correlated with acute VT. In conclusion, gal3bp:gal3 play a critical role in VT, likely via IL-6 and PMN-mediated thrombotic mechanisms, and may be a potential biomarker in human VT.
Generating Semantic 3D Models of Underground Infrastructure (2008)

By combining semantic scene-graph markups with generative modeling, this framework retains semantic information late in the rendering pipeline. It can thus enhance visualization effects and interactive behavior without compromising interactive frame rates. Large geospatial databases are populated with the results of hundreds of person-years of surveying effort. Utility workers access these databases during fieldwork to help them determine asset location. Real-time rendering engines are highly advanced and optimized software toolkits that interactively display 3D information to users.To connect geospatial databases and rendering engines, we must transcode raw 2D geospatial data into 3D models suitable for standard rendering engines. Thus, transcoding isn't simply a one-to-one conversion from one format to another; we obtain 3D models from 2D information through procedural 3D modeling. Transcoding the geospatial database information's semantic attributes into visual primitives entails information loss. We must therefore find the right point in the pipeline to perform transcoding.