gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Export-Specific Reporter Designed for Gram-Positive Bacteria: Application to Lactococcus lactis (1998)

The identification of exported proteins by fusion studies, while well developed for gram-negative bacteria, is limited for gram-positive bacteria, in part due to drawbacks of available export reporters. In this work, we demonstrate the export specificity and use of the Staphylococcus aureus secreted nuclease (Nuc) as a reporter for gram-positive bacteria. Nuc devoid of its export signal (called delta(SP)Nuc) was used to create two fusions whose locations could be differentiated. Nuclease activity was shown to require an extracellular location in Lactococcus lactis, thus demonstrating the suitability of delta(SP)Nuc to report protein export. The shuttle vector pFUN was designed to construct delta(SP)Nuc translational fusions whose expression signals are provided by inserted DNA. The capacity of delta(SP)Nuc to reveal and identify exported proteins was tested by generating an L. lactis genomic library in pFUN and by screening for Nuc activity directly in L. lactis. All delta(SP)Nuc fusions displaying a strong Nuc+ phenotype contained a classical or a lipoprotein-type signal peptide or single or multiple transmembrane stretches. The function of some of the predicted signals was confirmed by cell fractionation studies. The fusions analyzed included long (up to 455-amino-acid) segments of the exported proteins, all previously unknown in L. lactis. Homology searches indicate that several of them may be implicated in different cell surface functions, such as nutrient uptake, peptidoglycan assembly, environmental sensing, and protein folding. Our results with L. lactis show that delta(SP)Nuc is well suited to report both protein export and membrane protein topology.
P‐7: A Novel Driving Scheme and Pixel Circuit for AMOLED Displays (2006)

Abstract The instability and low mobility of amorphous silicon (a‐Si) TFTs demand new driving schemes for large and medium size AMOLED displays. This paper presents a new driving scheme with fast‐settling that also compensates for the instability of a‐Si TFTs.
Kinetics of factor Xa inhibition by tissue factor pathway inhibitor. (1993)

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor is a multivalent, Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor. It directly inhibits factor Xa and, in a factor Xa-dependent fashion, produces feedback inhibition of the factor VIIa/tissue factor catalytic complex which is responsible for the initiation of coagulation. Human recombinant TFPI (rTFPI) produced in Escherichia coli was used to define the kinetic constants describing the human factor Xa:TFPI interaction. The inactivation of factor Xa by E. coli-rTFPI is indistinguishable from that of rTFPI produced in mammalian SK-hepatoma cells, suggesting that post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation do not play a major role in the inhibitory process. The slow, tight-binding inhibition of factor Xa follows the scheme: [formula: see text] Where the enzyme (E) and inhibitor (I) form an initial, immediate collision complex (EI) that then isomerizes slowly to a tightened final EI* complex. In the absence of other additions, the initial Ki (=k2/k1) and final Ki* for the inhibition of factor Xa by E. coli-rTFPI are 1.24 nM and 26.4 pM, respectively. In the presence of calcium ions (5 mM) the interaction between factor Xa and rTFPI is substantially weaker, with a Ki of 42.7 nM and Ki* of 85.2 pM. The addition of other components of the prothrombinase complex produces enhanced factor Xa inhibition predominantly through an effect on the initial Ki. In the presence of calcium ions and saturating concentrations of phospholipids and factor Va, the Ki and Ki* for factor Xa inactivation are 2.04 nM and 52.3 pM. The enhancing effect of heparin on the inhibitory process is concentration dependent and exhibits an optimum, reminiscent of the "template" model for heparin's acceleration of thrombin and factor IXa inhibition by antithrombin III. At optimal concentrations, the major mechanism of heparin action is also a reduction in the Ki of the initial encounter complex between factor Xa and rTFPI.
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial H2O2 emission increases with immobilization and decreases after aerobic training in young and older men (2015)

Currently, it is not known whether impaired mitochondrial function contributes to human ageing or whether potential impairments in mitochondrial function with age are secondary to physical inactivity. The present study investigated mitochondrial respiratory function and reactive oxygen species emission at a predefined membrane potential in young and older men subjected to 2 weeks of one-leg immobilization followed by 6 weeks of aerobic cycle training. Immobilization increased reactive oxygen species emission and decreased ATP generating respiration. Subsequent aerobic training reversed these effects. By contrast, age had no effect on the measured variables. The results of the present study support the notion that increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production mediates the detrimental effects seen after physical inactivity and that ageing per se does not cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction, defined as increased oxidative stress and lower capacity for energy production, may be seen with ageing and may cause frailty, or it could be that it is secondary to physical inactivity. We studied the effect of 2 weeks of one-leg immobilization followed by 6 weeks of supervised cycle training on mitochondrial function in 17 young (mean ± SEM: 23 ± 1 years) and 15 older (68 ± 1 years) healthy men. Submaximal H2 O2 emission and respiration were measured simultaneously at a predefined membrane potential in isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscle using two protocols: pyruvate + malate (PM) and succinate + rotenone (SR). This allowed measurement of leak and ATP generating respiration from which the coupling efficiency can be calculated. The protein content of the anti-oxidants manganese superoxide dismuthase (MnSOD), CuZn superoxide dismuthase, catalase and gluthathione peroxidase 1 was measured by western blotting. Immobilization decreased ATP generating respiration using PM and increased H2 O2 emission using both PM and SR similarly in young and older men. Both were restored to baseline after the training period. Furthermore, MnSOD and catalase content increased with endurance training. The young men had a higher leak respiration at inclusion using PM and a higher membrane potential in State 3 using both substrate combinations. Collectively, the findings of the present study support the notion that increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediates the detrimental effects seen after physical inactivity. Age, on the other hand, was not associated with impairments in anti-oxidant protein levels, mitochondrial respiration or H2 O2 emission using either protocol.
Testing for Associations between Loci and Environmental Gradients Using Latent Factor Mixed Models (2013)

Adaptation to local environments often occurs through natural selection acting on a large number of loci, each having a weak phenotypic effect. One way to detect these loci is to identify genetic polymorphisms that exhibit high correlation with environmental variables used as proxies for ecological pressures. Here, we propose new algorithms based on population genetics, ecological modeling, and statistical learning techniques to screen genomes for signatures of local adaptation. Implemented in the computer program "latent factor mixed model" (LFMM), these algorithms employ an approach in which population structure is introduced using unobserved variables. These fast and computationally efficient algorithms detect correlations between environmental and genetic variation while simultaneously inferring background levels of population structure. Comparing these new algorithms with related methods provides evidence that LFMM can efficiently estimate random effects due to population history and isolation-by-distance patterns when computing gene-environment correlations, and decrease the number of false-positive associations in genome scans. We then apply these models to plant and human genetic data, identifying several genes with functions related to development that exhibit strong correlations with climatic gradients.
A three-phase multilevel converter for high-power induction motors (1998)

A new converter topology for drives is presented in this paper: a three-phase multilevel converter with separately regulated DC power supplies. The DC voltages are provided by medium-frequency DC-DC converters. The applications for the converter are especially high-power traction systems, where the voltage applied to the induction motor is bigger than 1 kV. The motor current is of a very high quality, compared to a classical three-phase converter. This allows keeping the switching frequency low by using phase-shifted pulsewidth modulation (PWM) carriers. Different modulation methods have been developed and simulated. Experimental tests have been made on a 12 kW prototype.
Predicting Large CO2 Adsorption in Aluminosilicate Zeolites for Postcombustion Carbon Dioxide Capture (2012)

Large-scale simulations of aluminosilicate zeolites were conducted to identify structures that possess large CO(2) uptake for postcombustion carbon dioxide capture. In this study, we discovered that the aluminosilicate zeolite structures with the highest CO(2) uptake values have an idealized silica lattice with a large free volume and a framework topology that maximizes the regions with nearest-neighbor framework atom distances from 3 to 4.5 Å. These predictors extend well to different Si:Al ratios and for both Na(+) and Ca(2+) cations, demonstrating their universal applicability in identifying the best-performing aluminosilicate zeolite structures.
Intrathecal ketorolac enhances intrathecal morphine analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (2013)

The data suggest a role for spinal ketorolac and morphine in orthopaedic surgery because this combination of agents provided 15 h of analgesia compared to 7 h after each drug alone, with no significant side-effects.
Insertional inactivation of a fowlpox virus homologue of the vaccinia virus F12L gene inhibits the release of enveloped virions (1993)

Insertion of the Escherichia coli lacZ gene into a ClaI restriction enzyme site of a 5.7 kb HindIII fragment of the fowlpox virus (FPV) genome resulted in the generation of stable recombinants. These recombinants produced plaques that were significantly smaller than those produced by parental FPV or by FPV recombinants containing the lacZ gene at other non-essential sites. Insertion of foreign DNA into the ClaI site disrupts a previously unidentified open reading frame (ORF) which potentially encodes a 74K polypeptide. The predicted amino acid sequence of this FPV ORF has 24% identity with the F12L ORF of vaccinia virus, the function of which is not currently known. Production of intracellular FPV was similar in cells infected with recombinant or parental viruses, but the number of infectious extracellular virions released into the medium by the recombinant was about 20% of that released by the parental virus. Likewise, the release of FPV particles, which were labelled in vivo with [3H]thymidine, was significantly lower in recombinant FPV-infected cells. These results suggest that the FPV homologue of the vaccinia virus F12L ORF is involved in the envelopment or release of infectious extracellular virions.
RECOMBINANT ANTIBODIES FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY (2009)

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Gene transfer into the mouse germ-line (1982)

A cloned rabbit DNA fragment containing the adult beta-globin gene has been introduced into the mouse germ-line by DNA microinjection into the pronuclei of fertilized mouse eggs. Twenty-four adult mice derived from eggs injected with the cloned DNA were screened for the presence of the rabbit gene in their liver DNA by Southern blot hybridization. Nine of these mice contain the rabbit gene in liver and at least six of them transmit it through the germ-line to a fraction of their offspring. Thus, it should be possible to derive permanent strains of mice carrying the foreign gene. The estimated numbers of copies of the rabbit gene per diploid mouse genome range from one or two up to 20 or more. The multiple copies of the rabbit DNA clone appear to be arranged in tandem head-to-tail arrays that are integrated into mouse chromosomal DNA. Chromosomal integration has been directly demonstrated for one mouse by in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes using a radioiodinated probe. In this mouse, most if not all the copies of the rabbit DNA fragment are integrated into one homologue of mouse chromosome 1. The possible use of this technique for the study of globin gene regulation is discussed.
Lymphokine-Activated Killer T-Cell-Originated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation of Histone H2AX Prevents Arsenite-Induced Apoptosis in RPMI7951 Melanoma Cells (2006)

TOPK binds with histone H2AX and inhibits As(3+)-induced apoptosis through phosphorylation of histone H2AX. Melanoma cell lines with high levels of TOPK are more resistant to As(3+)-induced apoptosis. Therefore, inhibition of TOPK activity combined with As(3+) treatment may be helpful in the treatment of melanomas.
Cationic Zirconocene Olefin Polymerization Catalysts Based on the Organo-Lewis Acid Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. A Synthetic,Structural, Solution Dynamic, and Polymerization Catalytic Study (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCationic Zirconocene Olefin Polymerization Catalysts Based on the Organo-Lewis Acid Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. A Synthetic,Structural, Solution Dynamic, and Polymerization Catalytic StudyXinmin Yang, Charlotte L. Stern, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 22, 10015–10031Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00101a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00101a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3504Altmetric-Citations688LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (12)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The national cancer data base report on non-hodgkin's lymphoma (1997)

To the authors' knowledge, the 91,306 cases in this study represent the largest contemporary sample of NHL patients. The material reported here may serve as a reference with which to compare local patterns with national data. The Working Formulation's ability to stratify patients' survival rates confirms its utility for NHL. Stage according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer also was accurate in predicting survival.
Use of Coaxial Gas Jackets to Stabilize Taylor Cones of Volatile Solutions and to Induce Particle‐to‐Fiber Transitions (2004)

A novel method to control the stability of Taylor cones during electrospinning/electrospray of solutions with highly volatile solvents is presented. An additional advantage is that fiber‐to‐particle transitions are also controlled without changing the chemistry or the voltage/current characteristics. The Figure shows the transition from particles to fibers effected by simply changing the gas flow rate through an outer capillary.
<title>Naturalness and image quality: chroma and hue variation in color images of natural scenes</title> (1995)

The relation between perceptual image quality and naturalness was investigated by varying the colorfulness and hue of color images of natural scenes. These variations were created by digitizing the images, subsequently determining their color point distributions in the CIELUV color space and finally multiplying either the chroma value of the hue angle of each pixel by a constant. During the chroma/hue-angle transformation the lightness and hue-angle/chroma value of each pixel were kept constant. Ten subjects rated quality and naturalness on numerical scales. The results show that both quality and naturalness deteriorate as soon as hues start to deviate from the ones in the original image. Chroma variation affected the impression of quality and naturalness to a lesser extent than did hue variation. In general, a linear relation was found between image quality and naturalness. For chroma variation, however, a small but systematic deviation could be observed. This deviation reflects the subjects' preference for more colorful but, at the same time, somewhat unnatural images.
CTLA-4 ligation blocks CD28-dependent T cell activation. (1996)

CTLA-4 is a CD28 homologue believed to be a negative regulator of T cell function. However, the mechanism of this downregulatory activity is not well understood. The present study was designed to examine the effect of CTLA-4 ligation on cytokine production, cell survival, and cell cycle progression. The results demonstrate that the primary effect of CTLA-4 ligation is not the induction of apoptosis. Instead, CTLA-4 signaling blocks IL-2 production, IL-2 receptor expression, and cell cycle progression of activated T cells. Moreover, the effect of CTLA-4 signaling was manifested after initial T cell activation. Inhibition of IL-2 receptor expression and cell cycle progression was more pronounced at late (72 h) time points after initial activation. The effects of anti-CTLA-4 mAbs were most apparent in the presence of optimal CD28-mediated costimulation consistent with the finding that CTLA-4 upregulation was CD28-dependent. Finally, the addition of exogenous IL-2 to the cultures restored IL-2 receptor expression and T cell proliferation. These results suggest that CTLA-4 signaling does not regulate cell survival or responsiveness to IL-2, but does inhibit CD28-dependent IL-2 production.
Search for Majorana Fermions Nearing Success at Last? (2011)

Researchers think they are on the verge of discovering weird new particles that borrow a trick from superconductors and could give a big boost to quantum computers.
Phosphorylation of the Large Subunit of Myosin Phosphatase and Inhibition of Phosphatase Activity (1996)

The partially purified myosin-bound phosphatase had an associated protein kinase that phosphorylated the holoenzyme, primarily on the large (130-kDa) subunit. Phosphorylation of the 130-kDa subunit resulted in inhibition of phosphatase activity. The major site of phosphorylation was threonine 654 of the 130-kDa subunit or threonine 695 of the 133-kDa isoform. Phosphorylation of the large subunit did not dissociate the holoenzyme. Dephosphorylation of the large subunit was achieved by the holoenzyme, and addition of the catalytic subunit of the type 2A enzyme did not increase the rate of dephosphorylation. The associated kinase was inhibited by chelerythrine, with half-maximal inhibition at approximately 5 microM (in 150 microM ATP). The associated kinase phosphorylated two synthetic peptides, one corresponding to the sequence flanking the phosphorylated threonine, i.e. 648-661 of the 130-kDa subunit, and the other to a known protein kinase C substrate, i.e. a modified sequence from the autoinhibitory region of epsilon protein kinase C. The associated kinase was activated by arachidonic and oleic acid and to a lesser extent by myristic acid. The protein kinase that phosphorylated the 130-kDa subunit and resulted in inhibition of myosin phosphatase activity was not identified.
Shuffled domains in extracellular proteins (1991)

A comprehensive list of domains in extracellular mosaic proteins is presented. About 40 domains were distinguished by consensus patterns. A subsequent sequence database search recognized these domains in more than 200 extracellular proteins. The results point to a structural network, which may also represent the molecular basis for a complex coordination of various functions within the world of extracellular proteins.
Context optimization for SIMD execution (2002)

One issue that SIMD compilers must address is generating code to change the machine context, i.e., disabling processors not involved in the current computation. We present two compiler optimizations that reduce the cost of context changes. The first optimization, context partitioning, reorders the Fortran 90 code so that as subgrid loops are generated, as many statements as possible that require the same context are placed in the same loop nest. The second optimization, context splitting, splits the iteration space of the subgrid loops into sets that have invariant contexts. This allows us to hoist the code that sets the machine context out of the subgrid loops.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Public should be told that vaccines may have long term adverse effects (1999)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Public should be told that vaccines may have long term adverse effects Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Penicillin-Binding Protein-Related Factor A Is Required for Proper Chromosome Segregation in Bacillus subtilis (2000)

Previous work has shown that the ponA gene, encoding penicillin-binding protein 1 (PBP1), is in a two-gene operon with prfA (PBP-related factor A) (also called recU), which encodes a putative 206-residue basic protein (pI = 10.1) with no significant sequence homology to proteins with known functions. Inactivation of prfA results in cells that grow slower and vary significantly in length relative to wild-type cells. We now show that prfA mutant cells have a defect in chromosome segregation resulting in the production of approximately 0.9 to 3% anucleate cells in prfA cultures grown at 30 or 37 degrees C in rich medium and that the lack of PrfA exacerbates the chromosome segregation defect in smc and spoOJ mutant cells. In addition, overexpression of prfA was found to be toxic for and cause nucleoid condensation in Escherichia coli.