gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cariostatic Evaluation of Cheeses with Diverse Physical and Compositional Characteristics (1986)

The caries-inhibitory potential of four cheeses with different permutations of texture, aging, levels of butterfat, protein, calcium, phosphate and lactose were evaluated in a rat caries test using a controlled frequency feeding machine in a design similar to that of Edgar et al. [Caries Res. 14: 384–389, 1982]. Test substrates were alternated with a cariogenic powdered diet and each was fed 14 times daily for 28 days to albino rats superinfected with Streptococcus mutans. An additional group was fed an agar gel with 25% lactalbumin and 25% soybean oil to assess the caries inhibition provided by a moist, cheese-like substrate without butterfat or casein and low in calcium and phosphate. Food consumption, weight gains, plaque S. mutans levels and enamel caries lesions were recorded. Compared to the cheddar and gel control groups, alternate meals of processed cheese spread and mozzarella cheese substantially reduced caries incidence on buccal, but not sulcal tooth surfaces. The cream cheese group had more buccal caries than the gel group. S. mutans levels were lower in the mozzarella and cheddar cheese groups than in the cream cheese group. These results support previous reports of the cariostatic potential of cheese and suggest that a substantial portion of the protection may be related to textural influences and casein and/or calcium-phosphate content of the cheese. The amount of butterfat, aging or carbohydrate in the test substrates had no apparent effect upon the amount of caries inhibition observed in this model.
Overproduction-induced mislocalization of a yeast vacuolar protein allows isolation of its structural gene. (1986)

Using an immunological screening procedure that allows the detection of yeast cells aberrantly secreting vacuolar proteins, we have isolated a cloned DNA fragment containing the structural gene for the vacuolar enzyme proteinase A (PrA; EC 3.4.23.6). A large portion of PrA is misdirected to the cell surface in cells harboring the PrA structural gene on a multicopy plasmid. This mislocalized PrA traverses the late stages of the secretory pathway and differs slightly in apparent molecular weight from the vacuolar form. A deletion in the genomic copy of the PrA structural gene eliminates immunoreactive PrA as well as the enzymatic activities of at least three other vacuolar hydrolases. In the case of the vacuolar enzyme carboxypeptidase Y (EC 3.4.16.1), the lack of activity is due to the absence of proteolytic activation of the zymogen. Thus, PrA may be required for in vivo processing of a number of yeast vacuolar hydrolases.
Development of a Novel Zinc/Air Fuel Cell with a Zn Foam Anode, a PVA/KOH Membrane and a MnO2/SiOC-Based Air Cathode (2010)

A new type of zinc/air fuel cell comprising a Hg/Pb free Zn foam anode, a PVA/KOH electrolyte membrane and a MnO2/SiOC-based cathode was developed in this work. The electrochemical activity of the zinc foam and air electrode was investigated in 6 M KOH under half-cell conditions. The pristine ZnO layer of the foam matrix favoured direct oxidation of the zinc particles to zinc oxide in 6 M KOH. In the laboratory cell, a specific energy of about 500 mWh g-1zinc was measured at 5 mA discharging current with a zinc foam, a PVA/KOH/H2O membrane and a MnO2+Vulcan/carbon paper cathode. A correlation between cell performances and porosity of the zinc foam was found. However, stability of the Zn foam and SiOC GDL materials towards KOH should be improved.
Induction of Protective Immunity against Japanese Encephalitis in Mice by Immunization with a Plasmid Encoding Japanese Encephalitis Virus Premembrane and Envelope Genes (1998)

A DNA vaccine plasmid containing the Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes (designated pcDNA3JEME) was evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice. Two immunizations of 4-week-old female ICR mice with pcDNA3JEME by intramuscular or intradermal injections at a dose of 10 or 100 microg per mouse elicited neutralizing (NEUT) antibodies at titers of 1:10 to 1:20 (90% plaque reduction), and all immunized mice survived a challenge with 10,000 50% lethal doses of the P3 strain of JE virus. A single immunization with 100 microg of pcDNA3JEME did not elicit detectable NEUT antibodies but induced protective immunity. Spleen cells obtained from BALB/c mice immunized once with 10 or 100 microg of pcDNA3JEME contained JE virus-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). BALB/c mice maintained detectable levels of memory B cells and CTLs for at least 6 months after one immunization with pcDNA3JEME at a dose of 100 microg. The CTLs induced in BALB/c mice immunized twice with 100 microg of pcDNA3JEME were CD8 positive and recognized mainly the envelope protein. These results indicate that pcDNA3JEME has the ability to induce a protective immune response which includes JE virus-specific antibodies and CTLs.
NEW VIRAL AGENTS RECOVERED FROM TISSUE CULTURES OF MONKEY KIDNEY CELLS (1956)

Journal Article NEW VIRAL AGENTS RECOVERED FROM TISSUE CULTURES OF MONKEY KIDNEY CELLS: I. ORIGIN AND PROPERTIES OF CYTOPATHOGENIC AGENTS S.V.1 S.V.2, S.V.4, S.V.5, S.V.6, S.V.11, S.V.12 and S.V.15 Get access ROBERT N. HULL, ROBERT N. HULL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES R. MINNER, JAMES R. MINNER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES W. SMITH JAMES W. SMITH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 63, Issue 2, March 1956, Pages 204–215, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119804 Published: 01 March 1956 Article history Received: 12 November 1955 Published: 01 March 1956
Polymorphism of rapeseed oil with a low content of erucic acid and possibilities to stabilise the β′‐crystal form in fats (1981)

Abstract The polymorphism of hydrogenated rapeseed oil with a low content of erucic acid was investigated by X‐ray diffraction. The triglyceride composition in the hydrogenated oil was determined by a combination of gas chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography. A characteristic feature of this oil is its rapid transition to the β‐form. Possibilities of influencing the β′→ β transition are discussed. The addition of diglycerides appears to provide a means for delaying the β′rarr; β transition. Thus, 1,2‐diglycerides show a strong stabilising effect on the β′ triglyceride crystals form, which is considered to be of technical interest.
Recombinant gas vesicles from Halobacterium sp. displaying SIV peptides demonstrate biotechnology potential as a pathogen peptide delivery vehicle (2008)

The findings therefore suggest that in addition to providing information about these specific inserts, r-GV displaying peptide inserts from other relevant pathogens could have significant biotechnological potential for display and delivery, or serve as a cost effective initial screen of pathogen derived peptides naturally expressed during infections in vivo.
Cohésion, cohérence et pertinence du discours (1995)

International audience
Specificity and stringency in DNA triplex formation. (1991)

Triple-helix formation can in principle serve as a general method for sequence-specific recognition and physical separation of duplex DNA molecules. Realization of this goal depends on how much the triplex is destabilized by mismatches and other defects (specificity) and on finding conditions in which perfect complexes are stable and defect complexes are not (stringency). We have addressed the question of specificity by determining the difference in free energy between perfect and defect complexes by using UV melting curves and equilibrium competition experiments. We find that third strands that bind with either single-base bulges or single mismatches are destabilized relative to the perfect triplex by 2.5-2.9 and 3.2-4.0 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.184 J), respectively, essentially equivalent to the corresponding values determined for duplex DNA and RNA. Also, we present a method, referred to as stringency clamping, which maintains specific binding under conditions far from normal stringency. To do this, we provide for the formation of a competing structure involving the third strand with stability between that of the perfect and imperfect complexes; the competitive interaction effectively prevents triplex formation at imperfect sites even far below their melting temperature. We illustrate the phenomenon with three different stringency clamps, two of which compete for the all-pyrimidine third strand through Watson-Crick pairing and one that competes through all-pyrimidine pairing at acidic pH. We demonstrate physical separation of two duplex DNA molecules differing by a single base pair in their target sequence for triple-helix formation.
Identification of a Genomic Region Containing a Novel Promoter Resistant to Glucose Repression and Over-Expression of β-Glucosidase Gene in Hypocrea orientalis EU7-22 (2013)

A high concentration of glucose in the medium could greatly inhibit the expression of cellulase in filamentous fungi. The aspartic protease from fungus Hypocrea orientalis EU7-22 could efficiently express under both induction condition and glucose repression condition. Based on the sequence of structure gene of aspartic protease, the upstream sequence harboring the putative promoter proA for driving the expression of aspartic protease was obtained by genome walking. The upstream sequence contained the typical promoter motifs "TATA" and "CAAT". The β-glucosidase gene (Bgl1) from H. orientalis was cloned and recombined with promoter proA and terminator trpC. The expression cassette was ligated to the binary vector to form pUR5750-Bgl1, and then transferred into the host strain EU7-22 via Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation (ATMT), using hygromycin B resistance gene as the screening marker. Four transformants Bgl-1, Bgl-2, Bgl-3 and Bgl-4 were screened. Compared with the host strain EU7-22, the enzyme activities of filter paper (FPA) and β-glucosidase (BG) of transformant Bgl-2 increased by 10.6% and 19.1% under induction condition, respectively. The FPA and BG activities were enhanced by 22.2% and 700% under 2% glucose repression condition, respectively, compared with the host strain. The results showed that the putative promoter proA has successfully driven the over-expression of Bgl1 gene in H. orientalis under glucose repression condition.
Signal transduction of gamma/delta T cell antigen receptor with a novel mitogenic anti-delta antibody. (1988)

Human T lymphocytes express either alpha/beta- or gamma/delta-TCR in association with the CD3 complex. We have isolated a mAb, delta TCS1, that immunoprecipitated the gamma/delta-TCR heterodimer from cell lysates of Peer and Molt-13 leukemia cell lines. After dissociation of the gamma- and delta-chains of TCR by treatment with SDS, delta TCS1 specifically immunoprecipitated the delta-chain. This antibody bound to the surface of other gamma/delta-positive T cell lines and clones and was able to stimulate the proliferation of a minor cell population (0.9 to 4.0%) of resting human PBL. Upon binding to gamma/delta-TCR-bearing Molt-13 cells and PBL, delta TCS1 elicited a fura-2 Caa+ signal indicating that the gamma/delta-receptor is functionally similar to the alpha/beta-heterodimer. These data indicate that the delta TCS1 antibody recognizes an epitope on TCR delta-chain and its mitogenic activity should be useful in characterizing the functional properties of human gamma/delta-positive T lymphocytes.
Case 21-1972 (1972)

Presentation of CaseA 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of dysphasia.He had been well until two years previously, when intermittent claudication developed, followed by impotence. Eight months before admission there was the sudden onset of tinnitus, deafness and vertigo, which cleared after three days. A tentative diagnosis of polycythemia was made, and occasional venesections were performed. Nine days before entry there were two brief episodes of weakness of the right hand. Two days later he began to experience difficulty in expressing himself verbally. He was taken to another hospital, where he was found to have moderate . . .
Escherichia coli O157:H7 generates a unique biochemical profile on MicroScan conventional gram-negative identification panels (1994)

More than 90% of the strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 that were identified on a MicroScan gram-negative dried conventional (overnight) panel gave one of two unique biochemical profile numbers that were not detected in other d-sorbitol-negative E. coli or in other strains isolated from pathogenic processes. This suggests that the panel has the capability of being used as a preliminary screening tool for O157:H7 strains involved in hemorrhagic colitis when MacConkey-sorbitol agar is not available.
A method for quantifying time dependent changes in MR signal intensity of articular cartilage as a function of tissue deformation in intact joints (1999)

A method is proposed to determine accurately the signal intensity changes of the articular cartilage from sectional MR images and its related cartilage deformation under compression in an intact joint. Image processing methods are developed to delineate and register the cartilage boundaries in consecutive MR images in order to track corresponding tissue sectors during the loading experiment. Regions of interest can then be defined and traced during the compression, making a spatial and temporal analysis of signal intensity changes possible. In addition, the cartilage deformation is calculated in the respective tissue sectors and is related to the MR signal changes. Using a fat-suppressed FLASH 3D sequence, the preliminary results showed location-dependent slight changes of the signal intensity varying from individual to individual. The quantitative analysis of the signal intensity changes as a function of cartilage deformation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aims to characterize microstructural properties of the articular cartilage that may lead to a better understanding of degenerative joint disease.
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS OF COMPONENT PROTEINS FROM WOOL (1982)

Thermal behavior of component proteins separated from wool keratin has been investigated in order to elucidate the endotherms in the differential thermal analysis (DTA) curves of wool fibers. For this purpose, the S-carboxymethylated keratin derived from wool was separated into the microfibrillar and the matrix proteins. The microfibrillar protein has further been fractionated into two fragments, i.e., a helix-rich and a non-helical fragment. Each protein film was prepared either by heating and/or stretching after casting from various solvents in order to vary the higher-order-structure. Three endotherms in a range of 200-300°C were observed in the DTA curves of the microfibrillar protein and the helix-rich fragment films cast from the aqueous solution. These endotherms were also found in the native wool fiber having so-called α-keratin structure. While, the matrix protein and the non-helical fragment films cast from aqueous solution exhibited only a broad endotherm in a range of 250-270°C.The DTA curves of these samples were varied from each other according as the structural change of the higher-order of proteins induced a posteriori. These variations observed in the endotherms suggest that (i) the phase-transition temperatures observed for solubilized keratin proteins are much lower than those for wool fibers, (ii) the lowest temperature endotherm at about 220°C is due to the melting of the α-helix structure of microfibrillar proteins, (iii) the melting of the β-structure of microfibrillar and matrix proteins causes the endotherm in the range of 250-270°C, and (iv) the pyrolysis of non-helical proteins (i.e., matrix proteins and non-helical fragments) occurs at much lower temperature than that of α-helical proteins.
Isolation of pl 4.6 extensin peroxidase from tomato cell suspension cultures and identification of Val—Tyr—Lys as putative intermolecular cross‐link site (1996)

Extensins and kindred hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins occur in dicot cell walls mainly as insoluble integral components that may form an intermolecularly cross-linked network interpenetrated by other polymers. Extensins also occur in muro as a small pool of soluble monomeric precursors to network extensin. These precursors were prepared in milligram quantities by salt elution from the surface of intact cells grown as tomato suspension cultures. Based on an FPLC (Superose-6) gel filtration assay of cross-linked extensin oligomers, a pl 4.6 extensin cross-linking peroxidase isozyme was partially purified from the culture growth medium. Purification involved: volume reduction, ultracentrifugation to remove pectin and co-adsorbed cationic peroxidase, followed by chromatography of anionic extensin peroxidase (pl 4.6) on DEAE-Trisacryl and TSK-gel DEAE-5PW columns. With tomato P1 extensin as substrate and 60 microM H2O2 as co-substrate, at 23 degrees pl 4.6 extensin peroxidase gave a Km of 0.22 mM P1 and a Vmax 0f 70 mumol P1 cross-linked min-1mg-1 enzyme, at the optimum pH 5.5. Assayed with 12 different extensins from representative monocots, dicots, and gymnosperms, the pl 4.6 isozyme cross-linked highly selectively, indicating two natural groups: cross-linking or CL-extensins and non-cross-linking or NCL-extensins. CL-extensins contained the X-Hyp-Val-Tyr-Lys motif and were also highly glycosylated. However, the simplest motif common to CL-extensins but absent from NCL-extensins was Val-Tyr-Lys. Thus, peroxidative coupling of extensin monomers and resistance of the resultant oligomers to depolymerization by anhydrous HF suggests that the intermolecular cross-link involves tyrosine or lysine.
Cell‐adhesive thermogelling PNIPAAm/hyaluronic acid cell delivery hydrogels for potential application as minimally invasive retinal therapeutics (2012)

Copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide (NAS) were synthesized via free radical polymerization and conjugated with amine-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA) and cell adhesive RGDS peptides. These novel copolymers were designed to facilitate noninvasive delivery of a liquid suspension of cells into the delicate subretinal space for treatment of retinal degenerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. The various synthesized copolymers all displayed subphysiological phase transition temperatures, thereby allowing temperature-induced scaffold formation and subsequent entrapment of transplanted cells within an adhesive support matrix. Successful grafting of HA and RGDS peptides were confirmed with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and quantified with (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All copolymers demonstrated excellent compatibility with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in culture and minimal host response was observed following subcutaneous implantation into hairless SKH1-E mice (strain code 447).
DOT1L, the H3K79 methyltransferase, is required for MLL-AF9–mediated leukemogenesis (2011)

Chromosomal translocations of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene are a common cause of acute leukemias. The oncogenic function of MLL fusion proteins is, in part, mediated through aberrant activation of Hoxa genes and Meis1, among others. Here we demonstrate using a tamoxifen-inducible Cre-mediated loss of function mouse model that DOT1L, an H3K79 methyltransferase, is required for both initiation and maintenance of MLL-AF9-induced leukemogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Through gene expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis we demonstrate that mistargeting of DOT1L, subsequent H3K79 methylation, and up-regulation of Hoxa and Meis1 genes underlie the molecular mechanism of how DOT1L contributes to MLL-AF9-mediated leukemogenesis. Our study not only provides the first in vivo evidence for the function of DOT1L in leukemia, but also reveals the molecular mechanism for DOT1L in MLL-AF9 mediated leukemia. Thus, DOT1L may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of leukemia caused by MLL translocations.
'Beating the news' with EMBERS: Forecasting Civil Unrest using Open Source Indicators (2014)

We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of EMBERS, an automated, 24x7 continuous system for forecasting civil unrest across 10 countries of Latin America using open source indicators such as tweets, news sources, blogs, economic indicators, and other data sources. Unlike retrospective studies, EMBERS has been making forecasts into the future since Nov 2012 which have been (and continue to be) evaluated by an independent T&amp;E team (MITRE). Of note, EMBERS has successfully forecast the uptick and downtick of incidents during the June 2013 protests in Brazil. We outline the system architecture of EMBERS, individual models that leverage specific data sources, and a fusion and suppression engine that supports trading off specific evaluation criteria. EMBERS also provides an audit trail interface that enables the investigation of why specific predictions were made along with the data utilized for forecasting. Through numerous evaluations, we demonstrate the superiority of EMBERS over baserate methods and its capability to forecast significant societal happenings.
MiR-9 promotes microglial activation by targeting MCPIP1 (2014)

Microglia participate in innate inflammatory responses within the central nervous system. The highly conserved microRNA-9 (miR-9) plays critical roles in neurogenesis as well as axonal extension. Its role in microglial inflammatory responses, however, remains poorly understood. Here we identify a unique role of miR-9 in mediating the microglial inflammatory response via distinct signalling pathways. MiR-9-mediated regulation of cellular activation involved downregulated expression of the target protein, monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) that is crucial for controlling inflammation. Results indicate that miR-9-mediated cellular activation involved signalling via the NF-κB pathway, but not the β-catenin pathway.
Unlocking OLAP with SQL Server 7 and Excel 2000 [With CDROM] (2000)

From the Publisher:
This readable and concise guide teaches database administrators and power-user business professionals how to unlock the business intelligence buried in organizational databases using the latest data warehousing and decision support features of SQL Server 7 and Excel 2000. The CD-ROM includes a complete sample database and a 60-day trial version of SQL Server 7.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and placenta growth factor concentrations in Down's syndrome and control pregnancies (2001)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PLGF) are considered to play important roles in angiogenesis and vascular permeability during placental development. Since trisomy 21 placentae show trophoblastic hypoplasia and hypovascularity, we investigated PLGF and VEGF synthesis in Down's syndrome pregnancies. Maternal serum was collected from 102 euploid and 24 trisomy 21 pregnancies between 15 and 20 weeks gestation and tested for these two factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Protein extracts from 15 normal and six trisomy 21 placentae were also tested. VEGF was not detected in maternal serum, while PLGF increased significantly with gestational age. Serum PLGF, transformed as a multiple of the gestational age median (MoM), in Down's syndrome pregnancies was significantly lower than in euploid controls (mean 0.67 +/- 0.043 MoM versus 1.00 +/- 0.047 MoM, analysis of variance F = 11.605, P < 0.001 ). Both VEGF and PLGF were detected in placental protein extracts without variation according to gestational age. Down's syndrome placentae had significantly less PLGF compared to normal placentae (Mann-Whitney, P < 0.05 ) but no difference was observed in placental VEGF content (Mann-Whitney, P = 0.94 ). Considering the biological properties of PLGF, this decrease may provide new insights into the mechanism(s) leading to the structural and functional anomalies described in trisomy 21 placentae.