gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analgesic and antinociceptive effects of peripheral nerve neurostimulation in an advanced human experimental model (2007)

Electrical peripheral nerve neurostimulation (PNS) is reported to be an effective pain treatment. An objective proof of antinociceptive effect is lacking. The human experimental study addressed PNS effects on nociception and pain by electrophysiology and psychophysics. In 23 healthy volunteers, 39 sessions were conducted. Three experiments (PNS ipsilateral, PNS contralateral, Control) consisted of 13 sessions each. Conditioning PNS (100 Hz) of left (PNS ipsilateral) or right (PNS contralateral) superficial radial nerve trunk evoked non-painful, tingling sensations on the hand dorsum. Local cutaneous anesthesia at PNS site provided for preferential nerve trunk stimulation. Cortical laser-evoked potentials (LEP) after painful stimulation at left hand dorsum were recorded together with mechanical and thermal perception thresholds at the same site before (T1), during (T2), and after (T3) PNS or a no stimulation period (Control). Mechanical and thermal perception decreased in the anesthetized area. Late LEP amplitude decreased independently of PNS site. Exclusively under ipsilateral PNS, N2 latency increased and laser ratings decreased. Mechanical detection threshold transiently increased during ipsilateral PNS at hand dorsum. PNS induced strong reduction of mechanical perception due to peripheral collision of orthodromic (test stimulus) and antidromic (PNS) selective Abeta fiber excitation. Delay of N2 component and reduction of laser pain were specific to ipsilateral PNS. Divergent and common effects of ipsilateral and contralateral PNS suggest a combination of peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanisms. The study in man documents inhibition of nociception and pain by PNS and provides with an experimental model for future objectives in neuromodulation.
Cytochalasin inhibition of slow tension increase in rat aortic rings (1994)

We separated the K(+)-induced contraction of rat aortic rings into its initial (fast) and secondary (slow) components. It was found that temperature sensitivity, K+ depolarization, and Ca2+ dependency could each be utilized to differentiate between these two components of the contractile response. Increasing the passive tension preload of the tissue increased the fast response but had no significant effect on the secondary slow rise in tension. Cytochalasins, which inhibit actin polymerization, reversibly inhibited tension development by rat aortic rings with the effect selectively confined to the slow component of the K(+)-induced contraction. In a similar fashion, cytochalasin was shown to attenuate the slow tension increase caused by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. Finally, it was found that low concentrations of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor staurosporine (8 x 10(-9) M) selectively attenuated the slow component of the K(+)-induced contraction. The results suggest that distinctly different mechanisms regulate the initial fast and secondary slow contractile responses induced by elevation of extracellular K+. Both mechanisms are voltage sensitive and use extracellular Ca2+. The fast but not the slow component was altered by changing the passive tension preload in a fashion consistent with a sliding filament mechanism of force development. The specific nature of the slow component is not certain but may involve low-level PKC activity and require the integrity and capability for remodeling of a specific portion of the actin-containing cytoskeleton.
Imaging prostate cancer with technetium-99m-7E11-C5.3 (CYT-351). (1997)

RIS with 99mTc CYT-351 is capable of providing good quality images and yielding clinically useful information safely. It has a potentially important clinical role for patients with rising PSA levels but negative images by conventional modalities.
Mammalian cell size is controlled by mTOR and its downstream targets S6K1 and 4EBP1/eIF4E (2002)

The coordinated action of cell cycle progression and cell growth (an increase in cell size and cell mass) is critical for sustained cellular proliferation, yet the biochemical signals that control cell growth are poorly defined, particularly in mammalian systems. We find that cell growth and cell cycle progression are separable processes in mammalian cells and that growth to appropriate cell size requires mTOR- and PI3K-dependent signals. Expression of a rapamycin-resistant mutant of mTOR rescues the reduced cell size phenotype induced by rapamycin in a kinase-dependent manner, showing the evolutionarily conserved role of mTOR in control of cell growth. Expression of S6K1 mutants that possess partial rapamycin-resistant activity or overexpression of eIF4E individually and additively partially rescues the rapamycin-induced decrease in cell size. In the absence of rapamycin, overexpression of S6K1 or eIF4E increases cell size, and, when coexpressed, they cooperate to increase cell size further. Expression of a phosphorylation site-defective mutant of 4EBP1 that constitutively binds the eIF4E-Cap complex to inhibit translation initiation reduces cell size and blocks eIF4E effects on cell size. These data show that mTOR signals downstream to at least two independent targets, S6K1 and 4EBP1/eIF4E, that function in translational control to regulate mammalian cell size.
Circuit Fabrication at 17 nm Half-Pitch by Nanoimprint Lithography (2006)

High density metal cross bars at 17 nm half-pitch were fabricated by nanoimprint lithography. Utilizing the superlattice nanowire pattern transfer technique, a 300-layer GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice was employed to produce an array of 150 Si nanowires (15 nm wide at 34 nm pitch) as an imprinting mold. A successful reproduction of the Si nanowire pattern was demonstrated. Furthermore, a cross-bar platinum nanowire array with a cell density of approximately 100 Gbit/cm(2) was fabricated by two consecutive imprinting processes.
Nucleic acid related compounds. 77. 2′,3′-Didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-2′(and 3′)-methylnucleosides via [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of 2′(and 3′)-methylene-3′(and 2′)-O-thiocarbonyl derivatives and radical reduction of a 2′-chloro-3′-methylene analogue (1993)

Treatment of 5′-O-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)-2′(and 3′)-deoxy-2′(and 3′)-methyleneuridine (and adenosine) derivatives with phenyl chlorothionocarbonate gave the 3′(and 2′)-O-phenoxythiocarbonyl intermediates, which underwent spontaneous [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement to give the 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-2′(and 3′)-(phenoxycarbonylthio)methyl analogues. These allylic thioesters were subjected to tributylstannane-mediated hydrodesulfurization and deprotection to give 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-2′(and 3′)-methyluridine (and adenosine). Tributylstannane-mediated hydrodehalogenation of a 2′-chloro-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-methyleneuridine derivative afforded the 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-methyl product of allylic transposition exclusively.
A flexible 100-antenna testbed for Massive MIMO (2014)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is one of the main candidates to be included in the fifth generation (5G) cellular systems. For further system development it is desirable to have real-time testbeds showing possibilities and limitations of the technology. In this paper we describe the Lund University Massive MIMO testbed — LuMaMi. It is a flexible testbed where the base station operates with up to 100 coherent radio-frequency transceiver chains based on software radio technology. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) based signaling is used for each of the 10 simultaneous users served in the 20 MHz bandwidth. Real time MIMO precoding and decoding is distributed across 50 Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGAs with PCI-Express interconnects. The unique features of this system are: (i) high throughput processing of 384 Gbps of real time baseband data in both the transmit and receive directions, (ii) low-latency architecture with channel estimate to precoder turnaround of less than 500 micro seconds, and (iii) a flexible extension up to 128 antennas. We detail the design goals of the testbed, discuss the signaling and system architecture, and show initial measured results for a uplink Massive MIMO over-the-air transmission from four single-antenna UEs to 100 BS antennas.
Oral cobalamin for treatment of pernicious anemia? (1991)

Pernicious anemia is a cobalamin deficiency disease caused by a lack of intrinsic factor (IF), which is necessary for the absorption of this vitamin. Because of the extensive hepatic storage of cobalamin, primary dietary deficiency is uncommon, occurring only in strict vegetarians after avoidance of animal products for many months. The most common cause of IF deficiency is gastric atrophy. Total gastrectomy leads to pernicious anemia, and partial gastrectomy does so occasionally. A rare congenital form of pernicious anemia may be the result of an autosomal recessive failure in IF production. It is possible to treat pernicious anemia with oral IF. This was standard practice at one time, but has lost favor because of the difficulty and expense of obtaining IF. For the last 30 or more years, the usual treatment has been 1000 μg of cobalamin administered intramuscularly once every 1 to 3 months. With a retention efficiency of
Fast Responsive Crystalline Colloidal Array Photonic Crystal Glucose Sensors (2006)

We developed new photonic crystal polymerized crystalline colloidal array (PCCA) glucose sensing materials, which operate on the basis of formation of cross-links in the hydrogel. These materials are composed of hydrogels that embed an array of approximately 100-nm-diameter monodisperse polystyrene colloids that Bragg diffract light in the visible spectral region. The hydrogels change volume as the glucose concentration varies. This changes the lattice spacing, which changes the wavelength of the diffracted light. In contrast to our previous glucose sensing photonic crystal materials, we no longer require Na+ chelating agents. These photonic crystal materials are being designed for use in glucose sensing contact lens for people with diabetes mellitus. We describe methods to speed up the response kinetics of these PCCA sensing materials. Rapid-response kinetics is achieved by controlling the elasticity and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the hydrogel system. A more hydrophobic hydrogel composition is obtained by copolymerizing n-hexylacrylate into an acrylamide-bisacrylamide hydrogel. The response rate significantly increases to where it fully responds within 90 s to the average glucose concentrations found in blood (5 mM) and within 300 s to the average glucose concentrations found in tear fluid (0.15 mM). We find unusual temperature-dependent kinetics, which derive from glucose mutarotation in solution. It is shown that alpha-d-glucose is the glucose anomer binding to the boronic acid derivative. Care must be taken in any glucose determination to ensure that the glucose mutarotation equilibrium has been established. We have demonstrated that the sensor is responsive to approximately 0.15 mM glucose concentrations in artificial tear fluid solution.
Myocardial Tissue Tracking with Two-dimensional Cine Displacement-encoded MR Imaging: Development and Initial Evaluation (2004)

A breath-hold two-dimensional cine magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequence based on displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) for quantitative myocardial motion tracking was developed and evaluated. In the sequence, complementary spatial modulation of magnetization was used for time-independent artifact suppression, and echo-planar imaging was used for rapid data sampling. Twelve healthy volunteers underwent cine DENSE MR imaging, and six of them also underwent conventional MR imaging myocardial tagging. The circumferential shortening component of strain (E(cc)) was measured on cine DENSE MR images and conventional tagged MR images. With complementary spatial modulation of magnetization, 10% or less of the total cine DENSE MR image energy was attributed to an artifact-generating echo during systolic imaging. Two-dimensional intramyocardial displacement and strain were measured at cine DENSE MR imaging with spatial resolution and temporal resolution of 2.7 x 2.7 mm and 60 msec, respectively. E(cc) measured at cine DENSE MR imaging correlated well with that measured at conventional MR imaging tagging (slope = 0.88, intercept = 0.00, R = 0.87).
Principles and Biophysical Applications of Lanthanide-Based Probes (2002)

Using luminescent lanthanides, instead of conventional fluorophores, as donor molecules in resonance energy transfer measurements offers many technical advantages and opens up a wide range of new applications. Advantages include farther measurable distances ( approximately 100 A) with greater accuracy, insensitivity to incomplete labeling, and the ability to use generic relatively large labels, when necessary. Applications highlighted include the study of ion channels in living cells, protein-protein interaction in cells, DNA-protein complexes, and high-throughput screening assays to measure peptide dimerization associated with DNA transcription factors and ligand-receptor interactions.
Low-voltage transient bipolar effect induced by dynamic floating-body charging in PD/SOI MOSFETs (2002)

Partially-depleted (PD) SOI MOSFETs offer improved threshold control and sensitivity over fully depleted devices, but the effects of dynamic floating-body charging on the threshold voltage VT(t) can possibly lead to instabilities in PD/SOI circuits. We show in this paper that the dynamic charging of the body can also induce a parasitic bipolar-transistor (BJT) transient current which can be significant even at low voltages well below the drain-source breakdown defined by the BJT. Our results indicate that if device/circuit design allows substantial variation of the body charge, then the transient BJT current could be large enough to upset the logic or memory (SRAM or DRAM) function of a chip. They further show that such an upset becomes more probable as the device is scaled, and they give insight regarding device and circuit design to reduce the probability.
Rural Subscriber Physical Loops (1975)

This paper briefly traces the development of physical subscriber loop design in the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Program from 1949 to the present. Development of equipment for overcoming in the most economical manner the signaling and transmission problems encountered with long subscriber loops is also discussed. This includes loading systems for wider bandwidth, better structural return loss, less bridging effects with multiparty lines; loop extenders in place of costly long-line adapters (LLA's); lower cost voice-frequency repeaters (VFR's) and switching methods such as Common-Mode Operation (CMO) where less equipment is required. Discussion of the problems still encountered with transmission and signaling on rural subscriber loop is presented with ideas for solution. Development of VFR equipment with automatic gain control for use in CMO or Common-Control Central offices would permit designing to common circuit net loss and minimize contrast between circuits. Extension of signaling limits of central office equipment (COE) now being developed could eliminate the need for external loop extension equipment on better than 90 percent of rural subscriber loops. Development of a telephone instrument requiring less dc line current would eliminate the need for elevated line voltages.
Ice pack test for myasthenia gravis (1987)

A common symptom of myasthenia gravis is eyelid ptosis. Often, the edrophonium test is negative, particularly in ocular myasthenia gravis. Myasthenic weakness is often improved by cold. We applied ice packs to the eye in 10 myasthenic patients and 7 disease controls. Eight of 10 patients with myasthenia gravis improved, whereas none of the controls improved. The ice pack test is useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.
Results of a high-resolution genome screen of 437 Alzheimer's Disease families (2003)

Journal Article Results of a high-resolution genome screen of 437 Alzheimer's Disease families Get access Deborah Blacker, Deborah Blacker Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lars Bertram, Lars Bertram Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Aleister J. Saunders, Aleister J. Saunders Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas J. Moscarillo, Thomas J. Moscarillo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marilyn S. Albert, Marilyn S. Albert Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Howard Wiener, Howard Wiener Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rodney T. Perry, Rodney T. Perry Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julianne S. Collins, Julianne S. Collins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lindy E. Harrell, Lindy E. Harrell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rodney C.P. Go, Rodney C.P. Go Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ... Show more Amy Mahoney, Amy Mahoney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Terri Beaty, Terri Beaty Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Danielle Fallin, M. Danielle Fallin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dimitrios Avramopoulos, Dimitrios Avramopoulos Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary A. Chase, Gary A. Chase Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marshal F. Folstein, Marshal F. Folstein Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Melvin G. McInnis, Melvin G. McInnis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Susan S. Bassett, Susan S. Bassett Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kimberly J. Doheny, Kimberly J. Doheny Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elizabeth W. Pugh, Elizabeth W. Pugh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rudolph E. Tanzi (The NIMH Genetics Initiative Alzheimer's Disease Study Group) Rudolph E. Tanzi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 12, Issue 1, 1 January 2003, Pages 23–32, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddg007 Published: 01 January 2003 Article history Received: 22 July 2002 Accepted: 02 November 2002 Published: 01 January 2003
Quasi In-Focus Optical Coherence Tomography (2004)

We propose here a unique method for in-focus imaging over the entire cross-sectional area of interest. This is the so-called quasi in-focus optical coherence tomography (OCT) or multiple OCT in which OCT images are obtained by shifting the focal plane of an objective, followed by piling up of these OCT images. A preliminary experiment was made using chicken tissue as a sample; as a result, a stripe pattern of fibrous muscle was clearly observed over a depth of more than 3 mm. In in-vitro tomographic imaging of the human stomach wall, quasi in-focus OCT can provide a very clear image of the muscularis mucosae, which is a bending film like tissue of a few tens of microns thickness, showing that our method is useful for the early-stage diagnosis of stomach cancer.
Human albumin solder supplemented with TGF‐β1 accelerates healing following laser welded wound closure (1996)

Background and Objective We examined the possibility that human albumin solder can be used as a vehicle for site specific delivery of growth factors for the purpose of accelerating tissue repair following laser welded wound closure. Certain human recombinant growth factors have been shown to accelerate wound healing in model systems. Pilot in vitro studies have established that several growth factors, including TGF-β1, maintain bioactivity following exposure to temperatures achieved during laser tissue welding. Using a temperature controlled laser delivery system (TCL) to precisely maintain welding temperatures, it is now possible to avoid thermal denaturation of exogenous bioactive molecules such as growth factors. Study Design/Materials and Methods HB-EGF, bFGF, and TGF-β1 were tested in vitro for maintenance of bioactivity after exposure to 80°C. In viva experiments using porcine skin determined the efficacy of solders augmented with growth factors. Incisions were repaired using human albumin alone or supplemented with HB-EGF (2 μg), bFGF (10 μg), or TGF-β1 (1 μg). Wounds were excised at 3, 5, and 7 days post-operatively. Tensile strength, total collagen content, and histology were performed. Results At 3 days, tensile strength (TS) of TGF-β1 wounds were 36% (P < 0.05) and 20% (n.s.) stronger than laser alone and suture closures, respectively. By 5 days the TS of the TGF-β1 group increased by 50% (P < 0.05) and 59% (P < 0.02) over laser alone and suture groups, respectively. At 7 days the TGF-β1 group was 50% (P < 0.05) and 79% (P < 0.01) stronger than laser solder alone or suture, respectively. The HB-EGF and bFGF groups were equivalent to the laser solder group at all time points. Total collagen TGF-β1 Accelerates Healing Following Laser Welding content at 7 days increased in the TGF-β, group by 7% (n.s.) over the suture group and 21% (P < 0.05) in the laser group. Conclusion Human albumin solder supplemented with TGF-β1, increases the early post-operative strength of laser welded wounds. This novel application of laser tissue soldering augmented with a growth factor has the potential to bring about immediate fluid tight seals while providing site specific delivery of biological modifiers. This may lead to an overall improvement in post-operative convalescence, wound infections, and hospital costs. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Demonstration of Specific IgA in Human Feces after Immunization with Live Ty21a Salmonella typhi Vaccine (1985)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to evaluate the appearance of specific IgA in fecal eluates of 11 normal subjects given oral live Salmonella typhi Ty21a vaccine. All subjects after immunization showed a detectable rise in levels of specific IgA to both lipopolysaccharide and flagellar antigens of S. typhi.
Microrheological modeling of weakly aggregated dispersions (1995)

A microrheological model of aggregating dispersions is proposed in which the shear stress is estimated as the sum of hydrodynamic and structural parts. The former is attributed to the hydrodynamic cores of fractal aggregates, which behave as a suspension of impermeable spheres. The latter accounts for the forces transmitted by chains of particles linking neighboring aggregates into a transient network. To calculate the structural part the concept of fractal aggregation is incorporated into a transient network theory, to account for the creation and breakup of chains of colloidal particles connecting the aggregates. Rigid and soft chains are distinguished. The former have multiply connected backbones which deform as contorted elastic rods, while the latter have at least one soft junction and deform without elastic resistance until fully loaded. The contribution of the soft chains to the stress tensor is neglected. The calculations treat two different mechanisms for the evolution of rigid chains: a purely mechanical one, which corresponds to a shear-controlled structure built up in flow, and a thermal mechanism, which pertains to a quasiequilibrium structure undisturbed by shear. We calculate steady-shear viscosities in the former case and viscoelastic functions in the latter. The model can be fitted satisfactorily to the experimental results for a well-characterized polystyrene latex dispersion with physically acceptable parameters.