gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antigenicity of polypeptides (poly-α-amino acids). Physicochemical studies of a calcium-dependent antigen-antibody reaction (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntigenicity of polypeptides (poly-α-amino acids). Physicochemical studies of a calcium-dependent antigen-antibody reactionPaul A. Liberti, Paul H. Maurer, and Leslie G. ClarkCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 9, 1632–1639Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00785a021https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00785a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Does the channel for nascent peptide exist inside the ribosome? Immune electron microscopy study (1988)

MS2 phage RNA-directed synthesis of an N-terminal polypeptide of the phage coat protein on Escherichia coli 70 S ribosomes was initiated in a cell-free system with the N-dinitrophenyl derivative of methionyl-tRNAFMet) and performed in the absence of tyrosine, lysine, cysteine and methionine. As a result, the translating ribosomes carried peptides up to 42 amino acid residues in length with the dinitrophenyl hapten at the N-ends. Using the immune electron microscopy technique the positions of the nascent peptide N-ends on the 70 S ribosomes have been visualized. It has been found that (i) the N-ends of nascent peptides of these lengths are accessible to antibodies, (ii) the exit site of a nascent peptide is the pocket between the base of the central protuberance and the L1 ridge on the 50 S subunit, i.e. presumably its peptidyl transferase center, and (iii) the further pathway of a nascent peptide seems to proceed along the groove on the external surface of the 50 S subunit.
Multiple, dispersed human U6 small nuclear RNA genes with varied transcriptional efficiencies (2003)

Vertebrate U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene promoters are among the founding members of those recognized by RNA polymerase III in which all control elements for initiation are located in the 5'-flanking region. Previously, one human U6 gene (U6-1) has been studied extensively. We have identified a total of nine full-length U6 loci in the human genome. Unlike human U1 and U2 snRNA genes, most of the full-length U6 loci are dispersed throughout the genome. Of the nine full-length U6 loci, five are potentially active genes (U6-1, U6-2, U6-7, U6-8 and U6-9) since they are bound by TATA-binding protein and enriched in acetylated histone H4 in cultured human 293 cells. These five all contain OCT, SPH, PSE and TATA elements, although the sequences of these elements are variable. Furthermore, these five genes are transcribed to different extents in vitro or after transient transfection of human 293 cells. Of the nine full-length U6 loci, only U6-7 and U6-8 are closely linked and contain highly conserved 5'-flanking regions. However, due to a modest sequence difference in the proximal sequence elements for U6-7 and U6-8, these genes are transcribed at very different levels in transfected cells.
Lack of Association between Antimyelin Antibodies and Progression to Multiple Sclerosis (2007)

Serum antibodies against MOG and MBP, as detected by Western blot analysis, are not associated with an increased risk of progression to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients who have had a clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis.
A phase 2, single agent study of CI-1033 administered at two doses in ovarian cancer patients who failed platinum therapy (2004)

5054 Background: Ovarian cancer that is refractory to platinum-based therapies is a therapeutic challenge, particularly in the setting of erbB-1 and -2 receptor over- expression. CI-1033 is an irreversible, 4-anilinoquinazoline pan-erbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity in a wide variety of human tumor xenografts, particularly erbB+ tumors including ovarian SK-OV-3. Methods: This study evaluated 50- and 200mg doses of CI-1033, given daily for 21 days repeated every 28 until disease progression in pts with platinum-refractory ovarian cancer. Primary eligibility criteria included disease progression following platinum therapy, measurable disease, and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of 60–100. Baseline tumor erbB receptor profiles were determined by IHC staining retrospectively in 56 of the 105 pts. Endpoints included 1-yr progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Between January and May of 2002, 105 patients were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were balanced between both groups: overall median number of prior chemotherapy regimens was 4 (1–12); median KPS was 90. Fifty-three pts received 146 cycles in the 50-mg arm; 52 pts received 138 cycles in the 200-mg arm. Dose reductions were necessary in 59% of pts in the 200-mg arm predominantly due to gastrointestinal adverse effects (AEs); no pts required dose reductions in the 50-mg arm. The most common treatment-related AEs in the 50-mg arm were Grade 1–2 diarrhea (57%), asthenia (43%), and nausea (41%); AEs in the 200-mg arm were Grade 2–3 diarrhea (85%), stomatitis (69%), and rash (58%). There were no objective responders in either arm; stable disease (≥8 weeks) was achieved in 28% and 34% of pts in the 50- and 200-mg arms, respectively. One-yr PFS rates were 0% and 9%, and 1-year OS were 37% and 38% for 50- and 200-mg dose group, respectively. No associations were apparent between baseline tumor erbB expression profiles and PFS or OS. Conclusions: CI-1033 has minimal activity in this heavily pretreated, platinum-refractory population. The 50-mg dosing regimen was better tolerated than the 200-mg arm, with gastrointestinal AEs being most common toxicities. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Employed by Pfizer Eli-Lilly Pfizer Eli Lilly; GlaxoSmithKline
Pebble-bed canister (1988)

1. The environmental and nosocomial Bcc isolates showed a high degree of similarity in their protein profiles. 2. Three common protein bands, i.e. Mr of 31, 50, and 53 kDa, detected in the Bcc isolates from both clinical and natural sources could be associated with resistance to the antimicrobial agents trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime, and aztreonam, respectively.
Casein Kinase 2-Mediated Phosphorylation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Phosphoprotein P Is Essential for the Transcription Elongation Activity of the Viral Polymerase; Phosphorylation by Casein Kinase 1 Occurs Mainly at Ser 215 and Is without Effect (1999)

The major site of in vitro phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 (CK2) was the conserved Ser(232) in the P proteins of human, bovine, and ovine strains of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Enzymatic removal of this phosphate group from the P protein instantly halted transcription elongation in vitro. Transcription reconstituted in the absence of P protein or in the presence of phosphate-free P protein produced abortive initiation products but no full-length transcripts. A recombinant P protein in which Ser(232) was mutated to Asp exhibited about half of the transcriptional activity of the wild-type phosphorylated protein, suggesting that the negative charge of the phosphate groups is an important contributor to P protein function. Use of a temperature-sensitive CK2 mutant yeast revealed that in yeast, phosphorylation of recombinant P by non-CK2 kinase(s) occurs mainly at Ser(215). In vitro, P protein could be phosphorylated by purified CK1 at Ser(215) but this phosphorylation did not result in transcriptionally active P protein. A triple mutant P protein in which Ser(215), Ser(232), and Ser(237) were all mutated to Ala was completely defective in phosphorylation in vitro as well as ex vivo. The xanthate compound D609 inhibited CK2 but not CK1 in vitro and had a very modest effect on P protein phosphorylation and RSV yield ex vivo. Together, these results suggest a role for CK2-mediated phosphorylation of the P protein in the promoter clearance and elongation properties of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Code red worm propagation modeling and analysis (2002)

The Code Red worm incident of July 2001 has stimulated activities to model and analyze Internet worm propagation. In this paper we provide a careful analysis of Code Red propagation by accounting for two factors: one is the dynamic countermeasures taken by ISPs and users; the other is the slowed down worm infection rate because Code Red rampant propagation caused congestion and troubles to some routers. Based on the classical epidemic Kermack-Mckendrick model, we derive a general Internet worm model called the two-factor worm model. Simulations and numerical solutions of the two-factor worm model match the observed data of Code Red worm better than previous models do. This model leads to a better understanding and prediction of the scale and speed of Internet worm spreading.
Solution processing and properties of molecular composite fibers and films (1983)

Abstract Experimental studies of fiber wet‐spinning and solution processing of films of molecular composites are presented. The rigid rod polymer was poly (p‐phenylenebenzobisthiazole) (PPBT) and the flexible polymers were poly (2,5(6′)‐benzimidazole) (ABPBI) and poly (2,5(6′)‐benzothiazole) (ABPBT). Effects of the flexible polymer molecular entanglements in solution on the processing are discussed. These fibers and films have very high modulus and strength, which improve upon heat treatment. The uniaxial modulus of highly oriented molecular composites follows the linear rule of mixtures.
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vehicle Exhaust Gas (1973)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Evidence is presented to determine the relationship between fuel composition and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNA) formation.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Emission rates of PNA were determined for gasoline engines in simulated city driving; in order to confirm the results, experiments were carried out with a vertical flow reactor. The PNA emission was found to depend on the different aromatic hydrocarbons present in the fuel. The addition of tetraethyl lead (TEL) to gasoline had little effect on PNA emission.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The carcinogenic hydrocarbons like 1.2 benzanthracene and benz(a)pyrene, particularly associated with the more carbonaceous part of the soot, are preferentially deposited on the combustion chamber walls, as pointed out from vertical reactor experiments.&lt;/div&gt;
Scherp bemesten op zandgrond : PPO-Vredepeel houdt zich bezig met het project Nutrienten Waterproof (2009)

Binnen het bedrijfssystemenonderzoek is het gelukt bij PPO-Vredepeel om het nitraatgehalte in grondwater terug te dringen van 200 naar 80 milligram per liter. PPO-onderzoekers Brigitte Kroonen en Harry Verstegen betwijfelen of de nitraatnorm van 50 milligram haalbaar is met behoud van opbrengsten en kwaliteit
Sinusoidal-Ripple-Current Charging Strategy and Optimal Charging Frequency Study for Li-Ion Batteries (2012)

In this paper, the sinusoidal-ripple-current (SRC) charging strategy for a Li-ion battery is proposed. The ac-impedance analysis is used to explore the optimal charging frequency. Experiments indicate that the optimal charging performance can be achieved by the proposed SRC with the minimum-ac-impedance frequency <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fZ</i> min. Compared with the conventional constant-current constant-voltage charging strategy, the charging time, the charging efficiency, the maximum rising temperature, and the lifetime of the Li-ion battery are improved by about 17%, 1.9%, 45.8%, and 16.1%, respectively.
Increased Salt and Drought Tolerance by D-Ononitol Production in Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L (1997)

A cDNA encoding myo-inositol O-methyltransferase (IMT1) has been transferred into Nicotiana tabacum cultivar SR1. During drought and salt stress, transformants (I5A) accumulated the methylated inositol D-ononitol in amounts exceeding 35 [mu]mol g-1 fresh weight In I5A, photosynthetic CO2 fixation was inhibited less during salt stress and drought, and the plants recovered faster than wild type. One day after rewatering drought-stressed plants, I5A photosynthesis had recovered 75% versus 57% recovery with cultivar SR1 plants. After 2.5 weeks of 250 mM NaCl in hydroponic solution, I5A fixed 4.9 [plus or minus] 1.4 [mu]mol CO2 m-2 s-1, whereas SR1 fixed 2.5 [plus or minus] 0.6 [mu]mol CO2 m-2 s-1. myo-Inositol, the substrate for IMT1, increases in tobacco under stress. Preconditioning of I5A plants in 50 mM NaCl increased D-ononitol amounts and resulted in increased protection when the plants were stressed subsequently with 150 mM NaCl. Pro, Suc, Fru, and Glc showed substantial diurnal fluctuations in amounts, but D-ononitol did not. Plant transformation resulting in stress-inducible, stable solute accumulation appears to provide better protection under drought and salt-stress conditions than strategies using osmotic adjustment by metabolites that are constitutively present.
Potentiation of photodynamic therapy by heat: Effect of sequence and time interval between treatments in vivo (1985)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd) as photosensitizer and an argon-dye laser as the light source was used alone and in combination with a localized microwave hyperthermia treatment to treat the SMT-F mammary carcinoma in mice. A 30-min heat treatment at 44.5 degrees C was applied 0-8 hr before or after a standard photodynamic treatment (67.5 or 135 J/cm2, given 24 hr post-7.5 mg/kg Hpd). Potentiation of PDT by heat was found to be related to the sequence of the treatments and the time interval between them. When 44.5 degrees C for 30 min was applied immediately after a 15-min PDT treatment, significant potentiation was seen (58% long-term tumor control vs 3 and 10%, respectively, for PDT and heat alone). This potentiation decreased with increasing time between PDT and heat, with tumor control values decreasing to 36, 20, and 14%, when 2, 4, and 8 hr, respectively, were allowed between treatments. Only additive effects of the independent therapies were found when this heat treatment was applied 0-8 hr before PDT. In other experiments, mice were treated with single or fractionated 30-min PDT treatments (two 15-min treatments separated by 0-, 2-, 4- or 8-hr intervals). Decreases in tumor control were seen with increasing time interval; only minor differences in tumor control were seen when 4-8 hr was allowed between treatments compared to a single 15-min treatment.
周公“攝政稱王” 及其與儒家政治哲學的幾個問題 (2009)

儒家肯定的周公“攝政稱王”, 不是一個簡單的歷史判斷, 而是與儒家政治哲學相關的理論問題。儒家肯定周公攝政稱王, 因爲這是儒家素王說或王魯說的理論前提。與周公相關的《周禮》之所以能勾在后世政治中産生變革意義, 就在于?是周公踐天子位后制禮作樂的産物。從圍繞王安石變法所展開的爭論中可以看到周公攝政稱王是《周禮》一書具有變革意義的理論前提。
Transient analysis of organic electrophosphorescence. II. Transient analysis of triplet-triplet annihilation (2000)

In the preceding paper, Paper I [Phys. Rev. B 62, 10 958 (2000)], we studied the formation and diffusion of excitons in several phosphorescent guest-host molecular organic systems. In this paper, we demonstrate that the observed decrease in electrophosphorescent intensity in organic light-emitting devices at high current densities [M. A. Baldo et al., Nature 395, 151 (1998)] is principally due to triplet-triplet annihilation. Using parameters extracted from transient phosphorescent decays, we model the quantum efficiency versus current characteristics of electrophosphorescent devices. It is found that the increase in luminance observed for phosphors with short excited-state lifetimes is due primarily to reduced triplet-triplet annihilation. We also derive an expression for a limiting current density ${(J}_{0})$ above which triplet-triplet annihilation dominates. The expression for ${J}_{0}$ allows us to establish the criteria for identifying useful phosphors and to assist in the optimized design of electrophosphorescent molecules and device structures.
Exploiting Protein Fluctuations at the Active-Site Gorge of Human Cholinesterases: Further Optimization of the Design Strategy to Develop Extremely Potent Inhibitors (2008)

Protein conformational fluctuations are critical for biological functions, although the relationship between protein motion and function has yet to be fully explored. By a thorough bioinformatics analysis of cholinesterases (ChEs), we identified specific hot spots, responsible for protein fluctuations and functions, and those active-site residues that play a role in modulating the cooperative network among the key substructures. This drew the optimization of our design strategy to discover potent and reversible inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (hAChE and hBuChE) that selectively interact with specific protein substructures. Accordingly, two tricyclic moieties differently spaced by functionalized linkers were investigated as molecular yardsticks to probe the finest interactions with specific hot spots in the hChE gorge. A number of SAR trends were identified, and the multisite inhibitors 3a and 3d were found to be the most potent inhibitors of hBuChE and hAChE known to date.
SMART: identification and annotation of domains from signalling and extracellular protein sequences (1999)

SMART is a simple modular architecture research tool and database that provides domain identification and annotation on the WWW (http://coot.embl-heidelberg.de/SMART). The tool compares query sequences with its databases of domain sequences and multiple alignments whilst concurrently identifying compositionally biased regions such as signal peptide, transmembrane and coiled coil segments. Annotated and unannotated regions of the sequence can be used as queries in searches of sequence databases. The SMART alignment collection represents more than 250 signalling and extracellular domains. Each alignment is curated to assign appropriate domain boundaries and to ensure its quality. In addition, each domain is annotated extensively with respect to cellular localisation, species distribution, functional class, tertiary structure and functionally important residues.
Voltage and Photo Induced Effects in Droplet-Interface-Bilayer Lipid Membranes (2011)

Artificial lipid bilayers are models and mimics of biological cellular and subcellular membranes.Model lipid bilayers are extremely useful in understanding the physiological functions of cellular membranes and the influence of various external parameters on cellular membranes.Several approaches were developed over the past six decades for forming artificial lipid bilayers such as planar bilayer lipid membranes, supported lipid bilayers (SLB), tethered bilayer lipid membranes, and vesicles.A novel and versatile approach called droplet-interface-bilayer (DIB) was recently developed and significant contributions in DIB lipid membrane research were reported.The DIB approach involves forming a lipid bilayer by contacting two aqueous droplets, coated with lipid monolayers, against each other in a lipid-oil environment.The UC Nanolab initiated DIB research work in 2008 and results are presented in this dissertation.DIBs are characterized using several methods: optical, mechanical, electrical, and stability with time.Versatility of DIBs is demonstrated using various types and volumes of aqueous droplets, several lipids, mechanical and electrical control of DIB dimensions, formation of DIB networks, and droplet microfluidic platforms for DIB automation.This dissertation consists of three main parts.In the first part, voltage induced effects (both DC and AC) on the properties of DIB (such as lateral dimension, area, capacitance, and current) are investigated.Significant changes in the above-mentioned DIB properties vs. voltage are measured using simultaneous optical and electrical recordings on anchor-free DIBs.Mechanisms behind voltage control of DIB dimensions are investigated and formulated.Comparison is made between DIB and EWOD.Voltage controlled DIB area has potential application Andrew J. Steckl for his continuous encouragement, consistent support and valuable discussions during the course of my Ph.D.
Structure-Based Design of HIV Protease Inhibitors:  Sulfonamide-Containing 5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrones as Non-Peptidic Inhibitors (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUELetterNEXTStructure-Based Design of HIV Protease Inhibitors: Sulfonamide-Containing 5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrones as Non-Peptidic Inhibitors¶Suvit Thaisrivongs, Harvey I. Skulnick, Steve R. Turner, Joseph W. Strohbach, Ruben A. Tommasi, Paul D. Johnson, Paul A. Aristoff, Thomas M. Judge, Ronald B. Gammill, Jeanette K. Morris, Karen R. Romines, Robert A. Chrusciel, Roger R. Hinshaw, Kong-Teck Chong, W. Gary Tarpley, Susan M. Poppe, David E. Slade, Janet C. Lynn, Miao-Miao Horng, Paul K. Tomich, Eric P. Seest, Lester A. Dolak, W. Jeffrey Howe, Gina M. Howard, Francis J. Schwende, Lisa N. Toth, Guy E. Padbury, Grace J. Wilson, Lihua Shiou, Gail L. Zipp, Karen F. Wilkinson, Bob D. Rush, Mary J. Ruwart, Kenneth A. Koeplinger, Zhiyang Zhao, Serena Cole, Renee M. Zaya, Thomas J. Kakuk, Musiri N. Janakiraman, and Keith D. WatenpaughView Author Information Discovery Chemistry, Structural Analytical & Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Infectious Diseases Research, Chemical Biological Screening, Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Drug Metabolism Research, Endocrine Pharmacology & Metabolism, Pharmaceutical Development, and Preclinical Toxicology, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 22, 4349–4353Publication Date (Web):October 25, 1996Publication History Received25 July 1996Published online25 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm960541shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm960541srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1421Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Inhibitors,Molecular structure,Peptides and proteins,Viruses Get e-Alerts