gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An inducible 1-butanol dehydrogenase, a quinohaemoprotein, is involved in the oxidation of butane by ‘Pseudomonas butanovora’ (2001)

Butane-grown "Pseudomonas butanovora" expressed two soluble alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs), an NAD(+)-dependent secondary ADH and an NAD(+)-independent primary ADH. Two additional NAD(+)-dependent secondary ADHs could be detected when cells were grown on 2-butanol and lactate. The inducible NAD(+)-independent 1-butanol dehydrogenase (BDH) of butane-grown cells was primarily responsible for 1-butanol oxidation in the butane metabolism pathway. BDH was purified to near homogeneity and identified as a quinohaemoprotein, containing, per mol enzyme, 1.0 mol pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and 0.25 mol haem c as prosthetic groups. BDH was synthesized as a monomer of approximately 66 kDa. It has a broad substrate range, including primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, aldehydes, C(4) diols and aromatic alcohols. It exhibited the lowest K:(m) (7+/-1 microM) and highest k(cat)/K:(m) (72x10(4) M(-1) s(-1)) value towards 1-butanol. BDH exhibited ferricyanide-dependent ADH activity. Calcium ions (up to 10 mM) increased BDH activity substantially. Two BDH internal amino acid sequences showed 73 and 62% identity and 83 and 66% similarity, respectively, when compared with an amino acid sequence of ethanol dehydrogenase from Comamonas testosteroni. The presence of the inducible BDH and secondary ADH may indicate that the terminal and subterminal oxidation pathways are involved in butane degradation of butane-grown "P. butanovora".
Lung cancer and asbestos exposure: Asbestosis is not necessary (1996)

Recent commentaries on the issue of asbestos-related lung cancer have raised important points. One major question is whether lung cancer can be attributed to asbestos exposure in the absence of asbestosis. This review attempts to place the debate in the proper context for establishing causation. Relevant epidemiologic and pathologic studies are analyzed, as well as the scientific basis for each position in the debate. The assertion that asbestosis must be present in order to attribute a lung cancer to asbestos exposure does not meet accepted standards for establishing causation. In addition, some evidence has been incorrectly cited in support of this position. This discussion can benefit from clearer definitions of asbestosis, a more thorough evaluation of the available scientific information, and a proper context for determining causation. This review of the available evidence indicates that lung cancers can occur as a result of asbestos exposure, in the absence of clinical or histologic asbestosis. Causation in an individual should be assessed by considering duration of exposure, intensity of exposure, and appropriate latency.
Frequency-Multiplication High-Output Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Sustainably Powering Biomedical Microsystems (2013)

An attractive method to response the current energy crisis and produce sustainable nonpolluting power source is harvesting energy from our living environment. However, the energy in our living environment always exists in low-frequency form, which is very difficult to be utilized directly. Here, we demonstrated a novel sandwich-shape triboelectric nanogenerator to convert low-frequency mechanical energy to electric energy with double frequency. An aluminum film was placed between two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes to realize frequency multiplication by twice contact electrifications within one cycle of external force. The working mechanism was studied by finite element simulation. Additionally, the well-designed micro/nano dual-scale structures (i.e., pyramids and V-shape grooves) fabricated atop PDMS surface was employed to enhance the device performance. The output peak voltage, current density, and energy volume density achieved 465 V, 13.4 μA/cm(2), and 53.4 mW/cm(3), respectively. This novel nanogenerator was systematically investigated and also demonstrated as a reliable power source, which can be directly used to not only lighten five commercial light-emitting diodes (LEDs) but also drive an implantable 3-D microelectrode array for neural prosthesis without any energy storage unit or rectification circuit. This is the first demonstration of the nanogenerator for directly driving biomedical microsystems, which extends the application fields of the nanogenerator and drives it closer to practical applications.
Randomized clinical trial into the impact of rigid foot orthoses on balance parameters in excessively pronated feet (2004)

The use of foot orthoses in the current study may have improved postural control by stabilizing the rear foot and thus maintaining balance. By the same argument, the benefits of limiting excessive foot pronation may contribute to effective control of internal rotation of the tibia and thereby reduce counter-rotatory motion at the knee and lower leg and maintain balance.
Complex Flow for Wing-in-ground Effect Craft with Power Augmented Ram Engine in Cruise (2010)

Power augmented ram (PAR) engine is a popular equipment to reduce the requirement of power for takeoff and improve aerodynamic performance. To provide detailed insight into the aerodynamic characteristics of wing-in-ground effect (WIG) craft with PAR engine, numerical simulations are carried out on WIG craft models in cruise. Simplified engine models are applied to the simulations. Two cruise modes for PAR engine are considered. The aerodynamic characteristics of the WIG craft and other features are studied. Comparisons with WIG craft model without PAR show that shutoff of PAR engine results in an increase in drag and less change in lift. Accordingly for the work of PAR engine, the air flow blown from the engine accelerates the flow around the upper surface and a high-speed attached flow near the trailing edge is recorded. With the schemed PAR flow, more suction force is realized and the flow features over the wing vary noticeably. It is also shown that the Coanda effect, provided with an attached flow, introduces an appropriate and practical flow mode for WIG craft with PAR engine in cruise. The results refresh our understanding on aerodynamic characteristics of WIG craft.
Insulin Internalizes GLUT2 in the Enterocytes of Healthy but Not Insulin-Resistant Mice (2007)

In Caco-2/TC7 cells, insulin action diminished the transepithelial transfer of sugar and reduced BBM and basolateral membrane (BLM) GLUT2 levels, demonstrating that insulin can target sugar absorption by controlling the membrane localization of GLUT2 in enterocytes. Similarly, in hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp experiments in sensitive mice, insulin abolished GLUT2 (i.e., the cytochalasin B-sensitive component of fructose absorption), decreased BBM GLUT2, and concomitantly increased intracellular GLUT2. Acute insulin treatment before sugar intake prevented the insertion of GLUT2 into the BBM. Insulin resistance in mice provoked a loss of GLUT2 trafficking, and GLUT2 levels remained permanently high in the BBM and low in the BLM. We propose that, in addition to its peripheral effects, insulin inhibits intestinal sugar absorption to prevent excessive blood glucose excursion after a sugar meal. This protective mechanism is lost in the insulin-resistant state induced by high-fat or high-fructose feeding.
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to Improve Linux Process Scheduling (2005)

In this work we use Machine Learning (ML) techniques to learn the CPU time-slice utilization behavior of known programs in a Linux system. Learning is done by an analysis of certain static and dynamic attributes of the processes while they are being run. Our objective was to discover the most important static and dynamic attributes of the processes that can help best in prediction of CPU burst times which minimize the process TaT (Turn-around-Time). In our experimentation we modify the Linux Kernel scheduler (version 2.4.20-8) to allow scheduling with customized time slices. The "Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis" (Weka), an open source machine-learning tool is used to find the most suitable ML method to characterize our programs. We experimentally fined that the C4.5 Decision Tree algorithm most effectively solved the problem. We fined that predictive scheduling could reduce TaT in the range of 1.4% to 5.8%. This was due to a reduction in the number of context switches needed to complete the process execution. We find our result interesting in the context that generally operating systems presently never make use of a program's previous execution history in their scheduling behavior.
The Mechanism of Binding of Glucoamylase I fromAspergillus awamorivar.kawachito Cyclodextrins and Raw Starch (1994)

Glucoamylase I (GAI) bound to β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with the binding constants of Kd = 17.7 μm and n = 1.69. Binding resulted in formation of an inclusion complex, as indicated by the fact that organic guest compounds for β-CD inhibited the binding of GAI to β-CD. Titration of GAI (A(1)-R(615)) with β-CD or Amylose A showed critical spectral perturbations at 286 nm that reflected the aromatic side chains of Tyr and Trp, but no spectral changes were observed in GAI' (A(1)-V(469)) and Gp-I (A(470)-V(514)). Titration of GAI with derivatives of β-CD, namely, 6-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (H-CD), 2,6-O-dimethyl-β-CD, and 2,3,6-O-trimethyl-β-CD, yielded spectral changes only in the case of H-CD. Therefore, the Cp region (A(515)-R(615)) of GAI seems stereospecifically able to recognize the structure of the secondary OH-side but not the primary OH-side of β-CD. Chemical modifications specific for aromatic amino acids of the GAI-CD inclusion complexes were done with N-bromosuccinimide and tetranitromethane. In the presence of β-CD, one Trp residue was protected from oxidation but Tyr residues were not. The analysis of a Cp region/β-galactosidase fusion protein indicated that Trp(562) contributed to formation of inclusion complexes.
Sacral Neuromodulation as a Treatment for Chronic Pelvic Pain (2011)

Currently there is insufficient evidence to determine the role of sacral neuromodulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. Larger prospective trials with long-term evaluation are required to determine the ultimate efficacy of this treatment.
Extension of the GOOD assay for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (2003)

Over the past years several methods using mass spectrometry for high-throughput genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been developed. Most of these procedures require stringent purification. Only the GOOD assay does not need any sample purification. Here, several new implementations of this assay are presented. The molecular biological procedure of the GOOD assays is based on the principle that the analysis of DNA by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is strongly dependent on the charge state. A 100-fold increase in sensitivity can be achieved if the analyzed DNA product is conditioned by a chemical procedure termed 'charge-tagging'. The GOOD assay starts with a PCR; allele-specific DNA molecules are generated by extension of modified primers. These contain up to three phosphorothioates and optionally a quaternary ammonium charged group with ddNTPs or alpha-S-ddNTPs. Then the unmodified part of the primers is digested by phosphodiesterase II and the negative charges of the phosphorothioates are neutralized by an alkylation reaction resulting in charge-tagged DNA products. Through the use of a novel DNA polymerase for the primer extension, which preferably incorporates ddNTPs over dNTPs, an enzymatic degradation of residual dNTPs from the PCR is not required. Additionally, the unique property of charge-tag technology is demonstrated to detect specifically on the same sample allele-specific DNA products carrying a positive charge-tag in the positive ion mode while products carrying a negative charge-tag are analyzed in the negative ion mode. We also generated zwitterionic allele-specific products that were detectable with high sensitivity in positive ion mode. The findings of this study raise interesting questions about the ionization process of nucleic acids in MALDI. The new variations of the GOOD assay were applied to genotype SNPs of a candidate gene for cardiovascular disease.
Using kernel hypervisors to secure applications (2002)

The paper describes an approach for selectively controlling COTS components to provide robustutess and security. Using the concept of a loadable module, "kernel hypervisors" have been implemented on a Linux kernel. These kernel hypervisors provide unbypassable security wrappers for application specific security requirements and can be used to provide replication services as well. A framework has been developed based on a master kernel hypervisor whose job is to coordinate installation and removal of individual client kernel hypervisors and to provide a means for management of these clients. The framework allows client kernel hypervisors to be stacked so that a variety of application specific policies can be implemented, each by means of its own kernel hypervisor. The hypervisors run in the kernel, but since they are loadable modules, they do not require that the kernel be modified. Kernel hypervisors have a number of potential applications, including protecting user systems from malicious active content downloaded via a Web browser and wrapping servers and firewall services for limiting possible compromises.
Administered mesenchymal stem cells protect against ischemic acute renal failure through differentiation-independent mechanisms (2005)

Severe acute renal failure (ARF) remains a common, largely treatment-resistant clinical problem with disturbingly high mortality rates. Therefore, we tested whether administration of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to anesthetized rats with ischemia-reperfusion-induced ARF (40-min bilateral renal pedicle clamping) could improve the outcome through amelioration of inflammatory, vascular, and apoptotic/necrotic manifestations of ischemic kidney injury. Accordingly, intracarotid administration of MSC (approximately 10(6)/animal) either immediately or 24 h after renal ischemia resulted in significantly improved renal function, higher proliferative and lower apoptotic indexes, as well as lower renal injury and unchanged leukocyte infiltration scores. Such renoprotection was not obtained with syngeneic fibroblasts. Using in vivo two-photon laser confocal microscopy, fluorescence-labeled MSC were detected early after injection in glomeruli, and low numbers attached at microvasculature sites. However, within 3 days of administration, none of the administered MSC had differentiated into a tubular or endothelial cell phenotype. At 24 h after injury, expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was significantly reduced and that of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and bFGF, TGF-alpha, and Bcl-2 was highly upregulated in treated kidneys. We conclude that the early, highly significant renoprotection obtained with MSC is of considerable therapeutic promise for the cell-based management of clinical ARF. The beneficial effects of MSC are primarily mediated via complex paracrine actions and not by their differentiation into target cells, which, as such, appears to be a more protracted response that may become important in late-stage organ repair.
Incidence of Hemolysin, Gelatinase, and Aggregation Substance among Enterococci Isolated from Patients with Endocarditis and Other Infections and from Feces of Hospitalized and Community-Based Persons (1995)

The presence of hemolysin, gelatinase, and aggregation substance (by use of a probe known to hybridize to most pheromone-responsive plasmids) was determined in 192 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis from patients with endocarditis or other infections and fecal isolates from hospitalized patients or healthy volunteers, and in 86 non-E. faecalis isolates. Hemolysin was more common in nonendocarditis clinical isolates and in hospital fecal isolates (37% and 31%, respectively) than among endocarditis and community fecal isolates (16% and 20%, respectively). Gelatinase and aggregation substance, respectively, were found in 54% and 52% of isolates from endocarditis, in 58% and 72% of isolates from other infections, in 62% and 56% of hospital fecal isolates, and in 27% and 30% of fecal isolates from healthy volunteers. All 86 non-E. faecalis enterococcal isolates were negative for these traits. The absence of hemolysin, gelatinase, or the aggregation substance gene in > 45% of endocarditis E. faecalis isolates suggests that while these traits may play a role in virulence, other properties are also important.
Gene therapy and retinitis pigmentosa: advances and future challenges (2001)

It may be possible, one day, to use gene therapy to treat diseases whose genetic defects have been discerned. Because many genes responsible for inherited eye disorders within the retina have been identified, diseases of the eye are prime candidates for this form of therapy. The eye also has the advantage of being highly accessible with altered immunological properties, important considerations for easy delivery of virus and avoidance of systemic immune responses. Currently, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus and lentivirus have been used to successfully transfer genetic material to retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells. By harnessing therapeutic genes to these viruses, researchers have been able to demonstrate rescue in rodent models of retinitis pigmentosa, providing evidence that this form of therapy can be effective in delaying photoreceptor cell death. Future challenges include confirming therapeutic effects in animal models with eyes more anatomically similar to those of humans and demonstrating long-term rescue with minimal toxicity.
Overexpression of Pim-1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (2007)

Despite ongoing developments of treatment protocols head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) show only marginal improvement in outcome, which has been attributed to a lack of therapy individualized to tumor biological properties. We compared mRNA expression profiles of HNSCC and normal epithelial cells using differential display to identify gene fragments showing differential expression in HNSCC cells. We identified a 127-bp long fragment to be overexpressed in HNSCC cells that revealed a 98.4% homology with the Pim-1 mRNA. The differential expression was confirmed by Northern hybridization. Immunohistochemistry showed overexpression of the Pim-1 protein in 98% (41/42) of invasive HNSCC. Analysis of Pim-1 protein expression in relation to TNM stage and histological grade of the tumors exhibited no significant correlation. However, when samples of primary tumor and metastasis retrieved from the same patients (n=26) were analyzed, nearly significant correlation of Pim-1 expression with histological grade was found (p=0.06). The high frequency of the Pim-1 expression of HNSCC of different grades and stages in conjunction with its absence in non-neoplastic head and neck squamous cell epithelium underlines the functional role of Pim-1 in molecular processes of HNSCC.
Immediate and delayed add‐back hormonal replacement therapy during ultra long GnRH agonist treatment of chronic cyclical pelvic pain (2009)

Long-term use of GnRH agonist plus immediate add-back HRT is a safe and acceptable approach to intractable cyclical pelvic pain. Given the delay in reactivation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis after long-term suppression, an intermittent dose regime with GnRH agonist might warrant investigation.
Recursive estimation of motion, structure, and focal length (1995)

Presents a formulation for recursive recovery of motion, pointwise structure, and focal length from feature correspondences tracked through an image sequence. In addition to adding focal length to the state vector, several representational improvements are made over earlier structure from motion formulations, yielding a stable and accurate estimation framework which applies uniformly to both true perspective and orthographic projection. Results on synthetic and real imagery illustrate the performance of the estimator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Spectroscopic and rheological studies of enzymes in rigid lipidic matrices: the case of .alpha.-chymotrypsin in a lysolecithin/water cubic phase (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic and rheological studies of enzymes in rigid lipidic matrices: the case of .alpha.-chymotrypsin in a lysolecithin/water cubic phaseMichael Portmann, Ehud M. Landau, and Pier Luigi LuisiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 22, 8437–8440Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100175a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100175a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Regulatory Phenotype, PD-1 and TLR3 Expression in T Cells and Monocytes from HCV Patients Undergoing Antiviral Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2014)

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR10001090.
Structure Prediction of Membrane Proteins. (1994)

Principles of the structure prediction of membrane proteins is discussed : (1) Dominant interaction for the binding between transmembrane helices is polar interactions. (2) A helix may be simplified to a continuum rod with surface charges. (3) The configuration of helices is determined by the interactions between transmembrane helices and the structure of linking segments. These principles are based upon various denaturation experiments and physical considerations. A software system for the strcture prediction of membrane proteins is being developed and applied to bacteriorhodopsin whose molecular structure has been already reported.
Cell acidification in apoptosis: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor delays programmed cell death in neutrophils by up-regulating the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase. (1995)

Neutrophils in tissue culture spontaneously undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis), a process characterized by well-defined morphological alterations affecting the cell nucleus. We found that these morphological changes were preceded by intracellular acidification and that acidification and the apoptotic changes in nuclear morphology were both delayed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Among the agents that defend neutrophils against intracellular acidification is a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase that pumps protons out of the cytosol. When this proton pump was inhibited by bafilomycin A1, G-CSF no longer protected the neutrophils against apoptosis. We conclude that G-CSF delays apoptosis in neutrophils by up-regulating the cells' vacuolar H(+)-ATPase and that intracellular acidification is an early event in the apoptosis program.