gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Enhancement of Donor Hematopoietic Cell Engraftment by the CXCR4 Antagonist AMD3100 in a Mouse Transplantation Model (2010)

The interaction between stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) with CXCR4 chemokine receptors plays an important role in hematopoiesis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We examined the efficacy of post transplant administration of a specific CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) in improving animal survival and in enhancing donor hematopoietic cell engraftment using a congeneic mouse transplantation model. AMD3100 was administered subcutaneously at 5 mg/kg body weight 3 times a week beginning at day +2 post-transplant. Post-transplant administration of AMD3100 significantly improves animal survival. AMD3100 reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production. Furthermore, post transplant administration of AMD3100 selectively enhances donor cell engraftment and promotes recovery of all donor cell lineages (myeloid cells, T and B lymphocytes, erythrocytes and platelets). This enhancement results from a combined effect of increased marrow niche availability and greater cell division induced by AMD3100. Our studies shed new lights into the biological roles of SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction in hematopoietic stem cell engraftment following transplantation and in transplant-related mortality. Our results indicate that AMD3100 provides a novel approach for enhancing hematological recovery following transplantation, and will likely benefit patients undergoing transplantation.
In Vitro Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Photopolymerizing Hydrogel (2003)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from skeletally mature goats were encapsulated in a photopolymerizing poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel and cultured with or without transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF) to study the potential for chondrogenesis in a hydrogel scaffold system amenable to minimally invasive implantation. Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated by histological, biochemical, and RNA analyses for the expression of cartilage extracellular matrix components. The two control groups studied were MSCs cultured in monolayer and MSCs encapsulated in the hydrogel and cultured for 6 weeks in chondrogenic medium without TGF-beta1 (6wk-TGF). The three experimental time points for encapsulated cells studied were 0 days (0d), 3 weeks, and 6 weeks in chondrogenic medium with TGF-beta1 at 10 ng/ml (3wk+TGF and 6wk+TGF). MSCs proliferated in the hydrogels with TGF-beta1. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and total collagen content of the hydrogels increased to 3.5% dry weight and 5.0% dry weight, respectively, in 6wk+TGF constructs. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of aggrecan, link protein, and type II collagen. Upregulation of aggrecan and type II collagen gene expression compared with monolayer MSCs was demonstrated. Type I collagen gene expression decreased from 3 to 6 weeks in the presence of TGF-beta1. 6wk-TGF hydrogels produced no GAG and only moderate amounts of collagen. However, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR demonstrated a small amount of spontaneous differentiation in this control group. This study demonstrates the ability to encapsulate MSCs to form cartilage-like tissue in vitro in a photopolymerizing hydrogel. This system may be useful for minimally invasive implantation, MSC differentiation, and engineering of composite tissue structures with multiple cellular phenotypes.
Endoscopic optical coherence tomography (2002)

We present advances in OCT technology that will enable in vivo OCT imaging of internal organ systems such as the cardiovascular system, the urinary tract, and the gastrointestinal tract. These advances include improvements in image acquisition speed to avoid motion artifacts, and the development of an OCT compatible catheter-endoscope for access to internal organ systems. A fast scanning OCT system has recently been constructed. This system employs a high power (200 mW) chromium doped forsterite laser as the low coherence source and a piezoelectric fiber stretcher to induce reference arm optical path length delay. The fast scanning system acquires OCT images with an acquisition rate of four images per second, an axial resolution of 15 /spl mu/m, and a signal to noise ratio of 112 dB.
Review of machine-vision based methodologies for displacement measurement in civil structures (2017)

Vision-based systems are promising tools for displacement measurement in civil structures, possessing advantages over traditional displacement sensors in instrumentation cost, installation efforts and measurement capacity in terms of frequency range and spatial resolution. Approximately one hundred papers to date have appeared on this subject, investigating topics like system development and improvement, the viability on field applications and the potential for structural condition assessment. The main contribution of this paper is to present a literature review of vision-based displacement measurement, from the perspectives of methodologies and applications. Video-processing procedures in this paper are summarised as a three-component framework: camera calibration, target tracking and structural displacement calculation. Methods for each component are presented in principle, with discussions about the relative advantages and limitations. Applications in the two most active fields, bridge deformation and cable vibration measurement, are examined followed by a summary of field challenges observed in monitoring tests. Important gaps requiring further investigation are presented, e.g. robust tracking methods, non-contact sensing and measurement accuracy evaluation in field conditions.
Role of the cellular protein hDaxx in human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene expression (2006)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early (IE) transcription is stimulated by virion phosphoprotein pp71, the product of gene UL82. It has previously been shown that pp71 interacts with the cellular protein hDaxx and, in the studies presented here, the significance of this interaction was investigated for HCMV IE gene expression. In co-transfection experiments, the presence of hDaxx increased the transcriptional response of the HCMV major IE promoter (MIEP) to pp71, but it was not possible to determine whether the effect was due to an interaction between the two proteins or to stimulation of hDaxx synthesis by pp71. The use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in long- and short-term transfection approaches reduced intracellular hDaxx levels to no more than 3 % of normal. Infection of hDaxx-depleted cells with herpes simplex virus recombinants containing the HCMV MIEP revealed significantly greater promoter activity when hDaxx levels were minimal. Similarly, reducing intracellular hDaxx amounts resulted in greater IE gene expression during infection with an HCMV mutant lacking pp71, but had no effect on IE transcription during infection with wild-type HCMV. The results suggest that hDaxx is not important as a positive-acting factor for the stimulation of HCMV IE transcription by pp71. Instead, it appears that hDaxx acts as a repressor of IE gene expression, and it is proposed here that the interaction of pp71 with hDaxx is important to relieve repression and permit efficient initiation of productive replication.
Molecular detrapping and band narrowing with high frequency modulation of pulsed field electrophoresis (1990)

In high electric fields, megabase DNA fragments are found to be trapped, i.e. to enter or migrate in the gel only very slowly, if at all, leading to very broad electrophoretic bands and loss of separation. As a consequence, low electric fields are usually used to separate these molecules by pulsed field electrophoretic methods. We report here that high-frequency pulses eliminate the molecular trapping found in continuous fields. When high frequency pulses are used to modulate the longer pulses used in pulsed field electrophoresis, narrower bands result, and higher fields can be used. We suggest that this is due to effects that occur on the length scale of a single pore.
ONE-MONTH PROPHYLACTIC USE OF OKT3 IN CADAVER KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (1988)

Fifty-five recipients of first cadaveric renal allografts were randomly assigned to three treatment groups in order to compare the safety and efficacy of a mouse antihuman T cell monoclonal antibody (OKT3) given prophylactically for a one-month period. This long period of administration was made possible by concomitant administration of azathioprine. The immune response against the foreign immunoglobulin was thus delayed and decreased in both intensity and severity, and OKT3 treatment could be given during almost the entire month in the majority of patients. The 18 patients who were enrolled in this treatment group had significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer rejection episodes during the first month posttransplantation than the 19 patients allocated to the high-dose (HD) steroid control group or the 18 patients allocated to the low-dose (LD) control group. Actual 2-year as well as actuarial 4-year graft survival rates were 89% in the OKT3 group, whereas they were 70% and 67% respectively in the steroid control groups. Four-year serum creatinine levels were normal and doses of steroids and other immunosuppressive agents were lower in the OKT3 group as compared with the control groups. Tolerance to OKT3 was good, and while viral infections were more frequently observed in OKT3 treated patients, the total number and the severity of infectious episodes were similar in all groups. The combination of one-month OKT3 plus azathioprine prophylaxis followed by conventional azathioprine plus low-dose steroid maintenance produced very satisfactory long-term results comparable to the best results now being obtained with cyclosporine regimens.
Direct Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives (2007)

We describe a single-step conversion of various N-vinyl and N-aryl amides to the corresponding pyridine and quinoline derivatives, respectively. The process involves amide activation with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride in the presence of 2-chloropyridine followed by π-nucleophile addition to the activated intermediate and annulation. Compatibility of this chemistry with sensitive N-vinyl amides, epimerizable substrates, and a variety of functional groups is noteworthy.
A Model for the Nanodomains in Polymer‐Derived SiCO (2006)

The polymer‐based synthesis of ceramics such as SiCO (and SiCN) leads to the incorporation of significant amounts of carbon into their molecular structure. A key feature of the nanostructure of these polymer‐derived ceramics is the revelation of persistent, 1–5 nm size domains by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. Here we present a model for these nanodomains, which is consistent with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and with the phenomenological properties of SiCO (high resistance to creep and viscoelastic behavior). The model consists of clusters of silica tetrahedra encased within an interdomain wall constituted from mixed bonds of SiCO, and from a network of sp 2 carbon. The model predicts the domain size as a function of the carbon content. These predictions are in reasonable agreement with the measurements of the nanodomains in SiCO synthesized with varying carbon contents (the domain size decreases with higher carbon). Simple maps are developed for easy reading of the domain size and the width of the interdomain boundary in the composition diagrams.
Enzyme function of copper, zinc superoxide dismutase as a free radical generator. (1993)

The peroxidative activity of Cu,Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD) was studied by using a chromogen, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) which reacts with .OH radicals to form ABTS+, and the spin traps, N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN) and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO). The formation of ABTS+. in this study required both active Cu,Zn-SOD and H2O2 and followed first order kinetics with respect to SOD and H2O2. However, it showed a binding isotherm with ABTS that yielded a dissociation constant of ABTS-enzyme as Kd = 7.1 +/- 0.5 microM. The Kd values for DMPO and PBN were obtained as 0.63 and 11 mM, respectively, by competition reactions. A radical scavenger, formate anion, inhibits the formation of ABTS+., whereas ethanol does not. The results together indicate that DMPO and anionic scavengers have easy access inside the positively charged active channel of Cu,Zn-SOD and are thus in a position to intercept the newly formed .OH radicals. PBN and ethanol, however, stay outside of the channel and are not able to compete with ABTS for .OH radicals. We trapped free radicals, which were produced in the presence of free radical scavengers, with PBN. The formation curve of PBN-hydroxyethyl radical adduct observed in the presence of ethanol indicated that the enzyme became inactivated in a relatively short period. In contrast, in the presence of anionic scavenger formate, formyl radicals were produced catalytically, and the enzyme activity was protected by the formate against H2O2 inactivation. Thus Cu,Zn-SOD behaves as an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of free radicals using anionic scavengers and H2O2 as substrates.
Profiling of immune‐related microRNA expression in human cord blood and adult peripheral blood cells upon proinflammatory stimulation (2011)

Our results suggest essential roles of specific microRNAs in regulating immune function of CB cells, providing insight into the underlying molecular mechanism.
Computational Analysis of a Chevron Nozzle Uniquely Tailored for Propulsion Airframe Aeroacoustics (2006)

A computational flow field and predicted jet noise source analysis is presented for asymmetrical fan chevrons on a modern separate flow nozzle at take off conditions. The propulsion airframe aeroacoustic asymmetric fan nozzle is designed with an azimuthally varying chevron pattern with longer chevrons close to the pylon. A baseline round nozzle without chevrons and a reference nozzle with azimuthally uniform chevrons are also studied. The intent of the asymmetric fan chevron nozzle was to improve the noise reduction potential by creating a favorable propulsion airframe aeroacoustic interaction effect between the pylon and chevron nozzle. This favorable interaction and improved noise reduction was observed in model scale tests and flight test data and has been reported in other studies. The goal of this study was to identify the fundamental flow and noise source mechanisms. The flow simulation uses the asymptotically steady, compressible Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations on a structured grid. Flow computations are performed using the parallel, multi-block, structured grid code PAB3D. Local noise sources were mapped and integrated computationally using the Jet3D code based upon the Lighthill Acoustic Analogy with anisotropic Reynolds stress modeling. In this study, trends of noise reduction were correctly predicted. Jet3D was also utilized to produce noise source maps that were then correlated to local flow features. The flow studies show that asymmetry of the longer fan chevrons near the pylon work to reduce the strength of the secondary flow induced by the pylon itself, such that the asymmetric merging of the fan and core shear layers is significantly delayed. The effect is to reduce the peak turbulence kinetic energy and shift it downstream, reducing overall noise production. This combined flow and noise prediction approach has yielded considerable understanding of the physics of a fan chevron nozzle designed to include propulsion airframe aeroacoustic interaction effects.
Highly foldable transparent conductive films composed of silver nanowire junctions prepared by chemical metal reduction (2014)

A simple method is demonstrated to improve the folding reliability and sheet resistance of silver nanowire (Ag NW)-based transparent conductive films (TCFs) without overcoated layers or complicated processes. As-coated Ag NW film is immersed in a silver-surrounded solution, in which the silver was reduced by Tollen's reagent. Therefore, the reduced silver can be deposited on the surface and crossing of Ag NWs to form a weld-like junction and bind the Ag NWs together, hence decreasing the contact resistance of Ag NW structure at wire-to-wire junctions by increasing the contact surface area. Compared with original Ag NW TCFs, this Ag NW junction structure not only shows compatibility with conventional wet processes, but also demonstrates outstanding flexibility, even when the entire film is folded. This could be attributed to the robustly weld-like wire-to-wire junction of Ag NWs, which enhances its mechanical characteristics. The results demonstrated the feasibility of this alternative approach for the development of an effective low-power-consumption route for fabricating foldable transparent electrodes. Moreover, the results also indicated the practicability of applying this foldable transparent electrode in the fabrication of highly flexible and wearable optoelectronic devices.
In vivo Inhibition of Lung Cancer by GRN163L: A Novel Human Telomerase Inhibitor (2005)

Differential regulation of telomerase activity in normal and tumor cells provides a rationale for the design of new classes of telomerase inhibitors. The telomerase enzyme complex presents multiple potential sites for the development of inhibitors. GRN163L, a telomerase enzyme antagonist, is a lipid-modified 13-mer oligonucleotide N3' --> P5'-thio-phosphoramidate, complementary to the template region of telomerase RNA (hTR). We evaluated both the in vitro and in vivo effects of GRN163L using A549-luciferase (A549-Luc) human lung cancer cells expressing a luciferase reporter. GRN163L (1 micromol/L) effectively inhibits telomerase activity of A549-Luc cells, resulting in progressive telomere shortening. GRN163L treatment also reduces colony formation in soft agar assays. Surprisingly, after only 1 week of treatment with GRN163L, A549-Luc cells were unable to form robust colonies in the clonal efficiency assay, whereas the mismatch control compound had no effect. Finally, we show that in vivo treatment with GRN163L is effective in preventing lung metastases in xenograft animal models. These in vitro and in vivo data support the development of GRN163L as a therapeutic for the treatment of cancer.
Aglycosylated Chimeric Mouse/Human IgG1 Antibody Retains Some Effector Function (1991)

The N-linked carbohydrate attachment site of human IgG1 Ab has been eliminated by site-directed mutagenesis. Effector functions of aglycosylated Ab was then compared to its native counterpart. Aglycosylated Ab failed to exhibit any ADCC activity, but a significant level of CDC activity was retained by the aglycosylated Ab. These observations differ from those reported previously. Serum half-life and biodistribution of aglycosylated Ab in mice were comparable to the native Ab. Together, these results show that some, but not all, effector functions of a human IgG1 Ab are affected by aglycosylation.
PREMIAN TESIS DE POSGRADO Y LICENCIATURA DEL CISAN (2007)

CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES SOBRE AMERICA DEL NORTE (CISAN) ENTREGO LOS PREMIOS DEL CUARTO CONCURSO DE LAS MEJORES TESIS DE LICENCIATURA, MAESTRIA Y DOCTORADO SOBRE AMERICA DEL NORTE, CON LO QUE LA UNIVERSIDAD RECONOCE TALENTO VERTIDO EN TRABAJOS QUE PERMITEN AMPLIAR LA AGENDA DE INVESTIGACION Y LOS ESPACIOS DE FORMACION DE NUEVOS RECURSOS HUMANOS. LOS TEXTOS GALARDONADOS FUERON: EL PRAGMATISMO JURIDICO DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMERICA, UNA PERSPECTIVA INTERNACIONAL, DE JESUS GALLEGOS OLVERA, DE LA MAESTRIA EN RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES, DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS POLITICAS Y SOCIALES. ADEM S, EL TRATADO DE AGUAS INTERNACIONALES MEXICO-ESTADOS UNIDOS (1944): DURANTE CONFLICTO FLUVIAL FRONTERIZO POR CAUDAL DEL RIO BRAVO EN 2002, DE JUANA LAURA ALVAREZ NAVARRETE, DE LA LICENCIATURA EN RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES, DE LA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES ARAGON. POR ULTIMO, LESS THAN ZERO DE BRET EASTON ELLIS Y LA DIFUMINACION DE LOS LIMITES EN LA NOVELA DE LA ADOLESCENCIA, DE MANUEL ENRIQUE STEPHENS MARTINEZ, DE LA LICENCIATURA EN LENGUAS Y LITERATURAS MODERNAS, DE LA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFIA Y LETRAS. EN LA CEREMONIA DE PREMIACION ESTUVIERON JOSE LUIS VALDES UGALDE, DIRECTOR DEL CISAN; RAFAEL LOYOLA, DE LA COORDINACION DE HUMANIDADES, Y PRESIDENTE DEL JURADO DE DICHO CONCURSO, HECTOR CUADRA. AHI, JOSE LUIS VALDES DESTACO LA IMPORTANCIA DE ESTA COMPETENCIA, YA QUE IMPULSA LOS ESTUDIOS SOBRE NORTEAMERICA, PUES PROCURA LA ESPECIALIZACION DE JOVENES QUE INICIAN SU CARRERA PROFESIONAL Y CUYOS TEXTOS APORTAN UN VALOR AGREGADO SOBRE LAS DIFERENTES TEM TICAS DE LA REGION DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA MEXICANA. POR SU PARTE, HECTOR CUADRA CONSIDERO QUE LA CONVOCATORIA HA TENIDO MAYOR OFERTA DE TRABAJOS, AL MOSTRAR UN CRECIMIENTO DE INTERES SOBRE LA REGION NORTEAMERICANA, LO CUAL ENRIQUECE LOS ESTUDIOS INTERNACIONALES CON LOS REGIONALES Y VICEVERSA. SE RESENAN LAS TESIS PREMIADAS. AL TIEMPO QUE SE DESTACA QUE CISAN CONVOCO A LOS EGRESADOS EN LAS  REAS DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE HUMANIDADES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD, A PARTICIPAR EN CONCURSO. DE ACUERDO CON LO ESTABLECIDO EN ESTA CUARTA EDICION, LA TEM TICA VERSO SOBRE ESTADOS UNIDOS, CANAD , LA RELACION MEXICO-ESTADOS UNIDOS-CANAD . LAS MEJORES INVESTIGACIONES SON PREMIADAS CON UN ESTIMULO ECONOMICO PARA CADA GRADO ACADEMICO.
Sequence Variations within PrfA DNA Binding Sites and Effects on Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Gene Expression (2000)

Reporter gene fusions were used to investigate the contributions of PrfA DNA binding sites to Listeria monocytogenes virulence gene expression. Our results suggest that the DNA sequence of PrfA binding sites determines the levels of expression of certain virulence genes, such as hly and mpl. Other virulence genes, such as actA and plcB, may depend upon additional factors for full regulation of gene expression.
Nanoscale Catalysts for NMR Signal Enhancement by Reversible Exchange (2015)

Two types of nanoscale catalysts were created to explore NMR signal enhancement via reversible exchange (SABRE) at the interface between heterogeneous and homogeneous conditions. Nanoparticle and polymer comb variants were synthesized by covalently tethering Ir-based organometallic catalysts to support materials comprised of TiO<sub>2</sub>/PMAA (poly methacrylic acid) and PVP (polyvinyl pyridine), respectively, and characterized by AAS, NMR, and DLS. Following parahydrogen (pH<sub>2</sub>) gas delivery to mixtures containing one type of "nano-SABRE" catalyst particles, a target substrate, and ethanol, up to ~(-)40-fold and ~(-)7-fold <sup>1</sup>H NMR signal enhancements were observed for pyridine substrates using the nanoparticle and polymer comb catalysts, respectively, following transfer to high field (9.4 T). These enhancements appear to result from intact particles and not from any catalyst molecules leaching from their supports; unlike the case with homogeneous SABRE catalysts, high-field (<i>in situ</i>) SABRE effects were generally not observed with the nanoscale catalysts. The potential for separation and reuse of such catalyst particles is also demonstrated. Taken together, these results support the potential utility of rational design at molecular, mesoscopic, and macroscopic/engineering levels for improving SABRE and HET-SABRE (heterogeneous-SABRE) for applications varying from fundamental studies of catalysis to biomedical imaging.