gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma analogy and non-Abelian statistics for Ising-type quantum Hall states (2011)

We study the non-Abelian statistics of quasiparticles in the Ising-type quantum Hall states which are likely candidates to explain the observed Hall conductivity plateaus in the second Landau level, most notably the one at filling fraction $\ensuremath{\nu}=5/2$. We complete the program started in V. Gurarie and C. Nayak, [Nucl. Phys. B 506, 685 (1997)]. and show that the degenerate four-quasihole and six-quasihole wave functions of the Moore-Read Pfaffian state are orthogonal with equal constant norms in the basis given by conformal blocks in a $c=1+\frac{1}{2}$ conformal field theory. As a consequence, this proves that the non-Abelian statistics of the excitations in this state are given by the explicit analytic continuation of these wave functions. Our proof is based on a plasma analogy derived from the Coulomb gas construction of Ising model correlation functions involving both order and (at most two) disorder operators. We show how this computation also determines the non-Abelian statistics of collections of more than six quasiholes and give an explicit expression for the corresponding conformal block-derived wave functions for an arbitrary number of quasiholes. Our method also applies to the anti-Pfaffian wave function and to Bonderson-Slingerland hierarchy states constructed over the Moore-Read and anti-Pfaffian states.
Inhibition of Focal Seizures (1969)

THERE is in the literature a number of observations suggesting that moderate hypothermia, 34 to 25 C might have a permissive or facilitatory influence on focal electrical seizures in the neocortex of mammals. Swinyard and Toman<sup>1</sup>found that the threshold current for electroconvulsive seizures in unanesthetized rats decreased and the seizure duration increased during general hypothermia; the susceptibility to seizures induced by intraperitoneal pentylenetrazol and picrotoxin also increased during hypothermia. In a study<sup>2</sup>of rats anesthetized with tribromoethanol or urethane, spontaneous unit activity in the sensorimotor cortex was found to increase when the temperature in that area was lowered 3 to 4 C by cooling the cortical surface. In unanesthetized rabbits,<sup>3</sup>repetitive electrical stimulation of the lateral geniculate body was found to induce paroxysmal activity in the striate cortex which spread over the entire cortex and continued for a long time under general hypothermia below 30
??2-Adrenergic Agonist Effects on Normocapnic and Hypercapnic Cerebral Blood Flow in the Dog Are Anesthetic Dependent (1995)

Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, John Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
Synthesis of Linear Polyether Polyol Derivatives As New Materials for Bioconjugation (2009)

Linear polyether polyol (PEP) consisting of glycidol as repeating units is a flexible hydrophilic aliphatic polymer. The polyether main chain is similar to the widely used, biocompatible polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). While linear PEG has one or two terminal hydroxyl group(s), linear PEP distinguishes itself by the large number of pendant hydroxyl groups along the polyether main chain. We propose that this property of PEP represents a major advantage over PEG, namely, by providing multiple anchorage points and increasing the possibility for introducing different functional groups. As a first step to establishing PEP as a bioconjugation material, we modified the pendant hydroxyl groups on PEP and prepared a series of mono- and heterobifunctional derivatives with the potential to join various drug entities and biomolecules. The synthesis methods and the results of characterization are reported here.
Growth Hormone for the Elderly? (1990)

IN addition to promoting linear growth in prepubertal children, growth hormone is often described as having anabolic, lipolytic, and diabetogenic properties. These descriptions are based on the results of diverse short-term studies of humans, animals, and isolated tissues, many of which involved the use of large doses of growth hormone. Until the production of growth hormone by recombinant-DNA methods began, the small supply of pituitary-derived human growth hormone limited its use to the treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency. The wide availability of synthetic human growth hormone has made possible long-term studies of other potentially beneficial uses of growth . . .
A Targeted Multi-omic Analysis Approach Measures Protein Expression and Low-Abundance Transcripts on the Single-Cell Level (2020)

High-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become a frequently used tool to assess immune cell heterogeneity. Recently, the combined measurement of RNA and protein expression was developed, commonly known as cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq). Acquisition of protein expression data along with transcriptome data resolves some of the limitations inherent to only assessing transcripts but also nearly doubles the sequencing read depth required per single cell. Furthermore, there is still a paucity of analysis tools to visualize combined transcript-protein datasets. Here, we describe a targeted transcriptomics approach that combines an analysis of over 400 genes with simultaneous measurement of over 40 proteins on 2 × 10<sup>4</sup> cells in a single experiment. This targeted approach requires only about one-tenth of the read depth compared to a whole-transcriptome approach while retaining high sensitivity for low abundance transcripts. To analyze these multi-omic datasets, we adapted one-dimensional soli expression by nonlinear stochastic embedding (One-SENSE) for intuitive visualization of protein-transcript relationships on a single-cell level.
The amino acid composition is different between the cytoplasmic and extracellular sides in membrane proteins (1992)

The amino acid composition of transmembrane proteins was analyzed for their three separate portions: the transmembrane apolar, cytoplasmic and extracellular regions. The composition was different between cytoplasmic and extracellular peptides: alanine and arginine residues were preferentially sited on the cytoplasmic side, while the threonine and cysteine/cystine were preferentially sited on the extracellular side. The composition of cytoplasmic and extracellular peptides of membrane proteins corresponded to those of intracellular and extracellular types of soluble proteins, respectively. This difference in composition was independent of the peptide orientation against the membrane. Peptide chains could be correctly assigned as either cytoplasmic or extracellular, solely from an analysis of sequence composition. For single-spanning membrane proteins the predictive accuracy was 90%, whereas for multi-spanning proteins this was 85%.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits the Differentiation and Migration of TH17 Cells to Protect against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2010)

Our present results in an experimental murine model suggest that 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) can directly regulate T cell differentiation and could be applied in preventive and therapeutic strategies for T(H)17-mediated autoimmune diseases.
Synthesis of N‐Methyl Secondary Amines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cytosolic Receptor for Estradiol in the Corpus Luteum of the Ewe: Variation Throughout the Estrous Cycle and Distribution Between Large and Small Steroidogenic Cell Types (1984)

This study was designed to: 1) determine the concentration of the cytosolic receptor for estradiol-17 beta (E2 receptor) in the ovine corpus luteum throughout the estrous cycle and 2) determine the contents of E2 receptor in large and small steroidogenic and nonsteroidogenic luteal cells. Our data confirm the existence of a saturable, high-affinity receptor specific for estrogen in the cytosol fraction of ovine corpus luteum. The concentration of E2 receptor was assessed in corpora lutea collected at Days 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 postestrus; it was lowest at Day 4 (6.9 +/- 0.5 fmol/mg protein) and maximal (19.0 +/- 2.8 fmol/mg protein) at Day 8 (P less than 0.05). The concentration was decreased somewhat at Day 12 (11.8 +/- 3.1 fmol/mg protein), but was higher again at Day 16 (18.0 +/- 4.6 fmol/mg protein). The affinity constants were not different between Days 5 and 15 (P less than 0.3). The large steroidogenic cells contained a 3.5X higher concentration of cytosolic E2 receptor than did the small steroidogenic cells at Day 10 (27.7 +/- 5.8 vs. 7.9 +/- 4.0 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.05). There was no apparent difference between the affinity constants of the E2 receptor in large and small cells. The differences in concentration of cytosolic E2 receptor throughout the estrous cycle and the higher concentrations of the E2 receptor in the large steroidogenic cells suggests that estradiol may play a role in regulating luteal function.
Dendritic cells but not B cells present antigenic complexes to class II-restricted T cells after administration of protein in adjuvant. (1996)

We have analyzed the relative contribution of dendritic cells (DC) and B cells in the presentation of peptide-class II complexes in an inflammatory situation in vivo. Draining lymph node cells from mice immunized subcutaneously with hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) in adjuvant display HEL peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II complexes able to stimulate, in the absence of any further antigen addition, specific T hybridoma cells. The antigen-presenting capacity of three different antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations recruited in lymph nodes, DC (N418+, class II+, B220-, low buoyant density), large B cells (B220+, low buoyant density), and small B cells (B220+, high buoyant density), was analyzed. After immunization with HEL in adjuvant, DC are the only lymph node APC population expressing detectable HEL peptide-class II complexes. These results indicate that lymph node DC and not B cells are the APC initiating the immune response in vivo after administration of antigen in adjuvant.
Epstein Barr Virus Transformation of Peripheral Blood B Cells Secreting Antibodies Reactive with Cell Surface Antigens (1990)

EBV transformable peripheral blood B cells secreting antibodies reactive with cell surface antigens present on two indicator human leukemia cell lines, NALM1 and U937, were studied. Oligoclonal EBV transformants from patients with a variety of diseases were frequently found to produce cell surface reactive antibodies. Antibody secreting transformants could also, although less frequently, be readily cultured from the PBM of normal volunteers, and represented, by limiting dilution, 1 out of 113 transformable B cells. CD8 antibody had no effect on the frequency of antibody producing B cells, but depletion of CD8+ cells by immunomagnetic methods prior to transformation significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the recovery of antibody secreting B cells to 1/33. Readdition of magnetically depleted cells did not significantly inhibit the transformation of these B cells. During the acute and recovery phases of some infections increasing numbers of these transformable antibody producing B cells appear in the circulation. The majority of antibodies produced were of the IgM class, although IgG antibodies were also detected. IgM antibody producing transformants were tested and some were found to react with autologous and allogeneic normal lymphocytes. These results lend support to the notion that B cells capable of secreting cell surface reactive antibodies, a proportion of which are autoreactive, are present in the normal repertoire of healthy adults, and that these cells are under active regulation by CD8+ cells.
Computer‐Aided Production of Scaffolded DNA Nanostructures from Flat Sheet Meshes (2016)

The use of DNA as a nanoscale construction material has been a rapidly developing field since the 1980s, in particular since the introduction of scaffolded DNA origami in 2006. Although software is available for DNA origami design, the user is generally limited to architectures where finding the scaffold path through the object is trivial. Herein, we demonstrate the automated conversion of arbitrary two-dimensional sheets in the form of digital meshes into scaffolded DNA nanostructures. We investigate the properties of DNA meshes based on three different internal frameworks in standard folding buffer and physiological salt buffers. We then employ the triangulated internal framework and produce four 2D structures with complex outlines and internal features. We demonstrate that this highly automated technique is capable of producing complex DNA nanostructures that fold with high yield to their programmed configurations, covering around 70 % more surface area than classic origami flat sheets.
A mild synthesis of N-functionalised bromomaleimides, thiomaleimides and bromopyridazinediones (2013)

Bromomaleimides are useful building blocks in synthesis and powerful reagents for the selective chemical modification of proteins. A mild new synthesis of these reagents is described, along with the convenient transferability of the approach to dithiomaleimides and bromopyridazinediones.
Different sensitization profile for asthma, rhinitis, and eczema among 7‐8‐year‐old children: Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden studies (2003)

Sensitization to different airborne allergens in relation to asthma, rhinitis, and eczema has been studied. A cross-sectional study was performed among 7-8-year-old children living in northern Sweden. The ISAAC-questionnaire with additional questions were sent to the parents, and 3431 (97%) participated. Two-thirds of the children were invited to undergo a skin test with 10 common airborne allergens, and 2148 (88%) participated. The prevalence rates of all three diseases were significantly higher among the children who were sensitized to any of the tested allergens. Among asthmatics, 40% were sensitized to cat, 34% to dog, 28% to horse, 23% to birch and 16% to timothy. The corresponding figures for rhinitis were: cat 49%, dog 33%, horse 37%, birch 46%, timothy 32%; and for eczema: cat 29%, dog 21%, horse 15%, birch 20%, and timothy 11%. Only a few children were sensitized to mites or moulds. The main risk factors for all three diseases were type-1 allergy and a family history of the disease. Independently from other risk factors, sensitization to dog (OR 2.4) and horse (OR 2.2) were significant risk factors for asthma. Sensitization to birch (OR 6.0), horse (OR 4.1), and timothy (OR 2.8) were significant risk factors for rhinitis, while birch (OR 2.4), dog (OR 2.0) and cat (OR 1.6) were significant risk factors for eczema. Despite a large over-lapping of the diseases the pattern of sensitization was different for asthma, rhinitis and eczema. Sensitization to cat was most common among all children, but sensitization to dog and horse was associated with the highest risk for asthma, and sensitization to birch showed the highest risk for rhinitis and eczema. The different risk factor pattern for the often coexisting diseases; asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, may indicate differences in the etiology.
Central nervous system function after cardiopulmonary bypass (1993)

In a prospective study, an elderly group of patients (n = 63, 47 male, 16 female, age 40-65 years) was examined before and after open-heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass: postoperatively, 19 patients (30%) showed no clinical neuropsychiatric symptoms, whereas in 35 patients (56%) mild or transient neurological signs and in nine (14%) severe neurological complications were found. The postoperative EEG changes were characterized by a slight delta-theta increase, an alpha decrease and a significant slowing of the dominant frequency from 9.7 to 9.3 Hz. In brainstem auditory evoked potentials no changes were found, and in somatosensory evoked potentials (median nerve) the latency of the early cortical component, N20, increased. Cardiovascular reflexes showed increased changes, similar to those found in autonomic neuropathies. In the neuropsychological test battery, the Visual retention test (Benton) and the Rorschach test showed slight postoperative improvement, whereas other psychometric variables (flicker fusion frequency, reaction time) did not change. Despite an improved operative technique some minor clinical and neurophysiological disturbances of the central nervous system remain. However, specific pre- or peri-operative risk factors for these postoperative disturbances or complications could not be identified.
Restoration message transfer mechanism and restoration characteristics of double-search self-healing ATM network (1994)

The self-healing network is particularly interesting with regard to ATM networks, because the restoration time can be shortened by using the advantages of the ATM network. This paper studies a self-healing ATM network based on virtual path (VP) protection switching. First, a novel self-healing algorithm/spl minus/the double-search self-healing algorithm/spl minus/is proposed. It is shown that this algorithm can restore failed bidirectional VPs faster and find alternate VPs more effectively than existing self-healing algorithms. Second, it is shown that the restoration information for self-healing control (SHC) messages must be transferred by specific cells carrying the control and OAM information (Ic&o). Message parameters and a cell format are proposed. Third, evaluation of the restoration characteristics using the proposed self-healing algorithm by computer simulation indicates that good performance against a transmission link failure is obtained even in a large-scale network model with 110 nodes. The results also indicate that the VP group (VPG) method can improve the restoration time without reducing the restoration ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cells and its conditioned medium support hematopoietic stem cell expansion ex vivo (2011)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) have been used as feeder support for the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but have the limitations of painful harvest, morbidity, and risk of infection to the patient. This prompted us to explore the use of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly MSCs (hWJSCs) and its conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM) for ex vivo expansion of HSCs in allogeneic and autologous settings because hWJSCs can be harvested in abundance painlessly, are proliferative, hypoimmunogenic, and secrete a variety of unique proteins. In the presence of hWJSCs and hWJSC-CM, HSCs put out pseudopodia-like outgrowths and became highly motile. Time lapse imaging showed that the outgrowths helped them to migrate towards and attach to the upper surfaces of hWJSCs and undergo proliferation. After 9 days of culture in the presence of hWJSCs and hWJSC-CM, MTT, and Trypan blue assays showed significant increases in HSC numbers, and FACS analysis generated significantly greater numbers of CD34(+) cells compared to controls. hWJSC-CM produced the highest number of colonies (CFU assay) and all six classifications of colony morphology typical of hematopoiesis were observed. Proteomic analysis of hWJSC-CM showed significantly greater levels of interleukins (IL-1a, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-8), SCF, HGF, and ICAM-1 compared to controls suggesting that they may be involved in the HSC multiplication. We propose that cord blood banks freeze autologous hWJSCs and umbilical cord blood (UCB) from the same umbilical cord at the same time for the patient for future ex vivo HSC expansion and cell-based therapies.
Pathology and protection in nephrotoxic nephritis is determined by selective engagement of specific Fc receptors (2006)

Introduction of heterologous anti-glomerular basement membrane antiserum (nephrotoxic serum, NTS) into presensitized mice triggers the production of IgG anti-NTS antibodies that are predominantly IgG2b and the glomerular deposition of pathogenic immune complexes, leading to accelerated renal disease. The pathology observed in this model is determined by the effector cell activation threshold that is established by the coexpression on infiltrating macrophages of the IgG2a/2b restricted activation receptor FcgammaRIV and its inhibitory receptor counterpart, FcgammaRIIB. Blocking FcgammaRIV with a specific monoclonal antibody thereby preventing IgG2b engagement or treatment with high dose intravenous gamma-globulin (IVIG) to down-regulate FcgammaRIV while up-regulating FcgammaRIIB, protects mice from fatal disease. In the absence of FcgammaRIIB, IVIG is not protective; this indicates that reduced FcgammaRIV expression alone is insufficient to protect animals from pathogenic IgG2b immune complexes. These results establish the significance of specific IgG subclasses and their cognate FcgammaRs in renal disease.
Current advances in using neurotrophic factors to treat neurodegenerative disorders (2012)

Neurotrophic factors are best known for their roles in both development and continued maintenance of the nervous system. Their strong potential to elicit pro-survival and pro-functional responses in neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system make them good drug candidates for treatment of a multitude of neurodegenerative disorders. However, significant obstacles remain and need to be overcome before translating the potential of neurotrophins into the therapeutic arena. This article addresses current efforts and advances in resolving these challenges and provides an overview of roadmaps for future translational research and neurotrophin-based drug developments.
Automation of microtiter plate-chromogenic substrate LAL endotoxin assay method by use of a modified Cetus Pro/Pette Express system. (1986)

An automated microtiter plate-chromogenic substrate LAL system for the assay of bacterial endotoxin has been developed using a Cetus Pro/Pette EXPRESS® system, modified with the addition of a solid-state incubator block. The automated system assays 96 samples in approximately 22 min. Sensitivity of the automated system is approximately 0.01 EU/ml with a linear assay range from 0.03 to 0.14 EU/ml and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of approximately 6%. The automated microtiter plate-chromogenic substrate LAL system has been validated for testing a variety of pharmaceutical injectable products and materials. The automated system has been shown to represent significant improvements in speed, accuracy, and precision of the LAL assay method for endotoxin.
Management of identity and credentials in mobile cloud environment (2013)

One of the significant objective of most enterprise information security measures is to ensure providing robust identity and access management (IAM) to its users. This encompasses systems straddling across the globe allowing the access of sensitive as well as confidential data of the enterprise at any point in time. With rapid mounting proliferation of mobile devices but with limited resources, cloud computing has emerged as an obvious predilection for performing resource intensive tasks over the cloud. To address the security issues, cloud service providers (CSPs) are coming up with new services such as Security as a Service (SecaaS). From our analysis of security threats and its measures, we feel that additional controls are required for Identity and Access Management for mobile cloud users. We have made some security recommendations along with best practices for consumers and service providers to consider ensuring robust information security including IAM for growing mobile users in cloud.