gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Porous Silicon Optical Biosensor:  Detection of Reversible Binding of IgG to a Protein A-Modified Surface (1999)

The reversibility, specificity, stability, and scaling of signal response to analyte mass were quantified for a porous silicon-based optical interferometric biosensor. The sensor system studied consisted of a thin layer (5μm) of porous silicon modified with Protein A. The system was probed with various fragments of an aqueous Human IgG analyte. The sensor operates by measurement of the Fabry−Perot fringes in the white light reflection spectrum from the porous silicon layer. Molecular binding is detected as a shift in wavelength of these fringes. IgG was added to and removed from the protein A-modified surface by changing solution pH in a flow cell, and the system was found to be reversible through several on−off cycles. The molecule used to link protein A to the porous Si surface incorporated bovine serum albumin (BSA). This approach was found to completely eliminate signal due to nonspecific binding, tested by exposure of the sensor to the F(ab')2 fragment of IgG (which does not bind to protein A). The linker/protein A-modified surface was also found to be stable toward oxidation in the aqueous buffer solutions used. The shift in the Fabry−Perot fringes was found to scale with the mass of analyte bound in the porous Si layer.
A systematic review of known mechanisms of hydroxyurea-induced fetal hemoglobin for treatment of sickle cell disease (2015)

The complete picture of HU-mediated mechanisms of HbF production in Sickle Cell Disease remains elusive. Research on post-transcriptional mechanisms could lead to therapeutic targets that may minimize alterations to the cellular transcriptome.
Antibody-based targeting of FGFR3 in bladder carcinoma and t(4;14)-positive multiple myeloma in mice (2009)

Overexpression of FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) is implicated in the development of t(4;14)-positive multiple myeloma. While FGFR3 is frequently overexpressed and/or activated through mutations in bladder cancer, the functional importance of FGFR3 and its potential as a specific therapeutic target in this disease have not been elucidated in vivo. Here we report that inducible knockdown of FGFR3 in human bladder carcinoma cells arrested cell-cycle progression in culture and markedly attenuated tumor progression in xenografted mice. Further, we developed a unique antibody (R3Mab) that inhibited not only WT FGFR3, but also various mutants of the receptor, including disulfide-linked cysteine mutants. Biochemical analysis and 2.1-A resolution crystallography revealed that R3Mab bound to a specific FGFR3 epitope that simultaneously blocked ligand binding, prevented receptor dimerization, and induced substantial conformational changes in the receptor. R3Mab exerted potent antitumor activity against bladder carcinoma and t(4;14)-positive multiple myeloma xenografts in mice by antagonizing FGFR3 signaling and eliciting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). These studies provide in vivo evidence demonstrating an oncogenic role of FGFR3 in bladder cancer and support antibody-based targeting of FGFR3 in hematologic and epithelial cancers driven by WT or mutant FGFR3.
New Uridine Derivatives for Systematic Evolution of RNA Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Uridine Derivatives for Systematic Evolution of RNA Ligands by Exponential EnrichmentTorin M. Dewey, Andrew Mundt, Gregory J. Crouch, M. Carina Zyzniewski, and Bruce E. EatonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 32, 8474–8475Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00137a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00137a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views535Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Office Practice of Neurology (1997)

Part 1 Principles of ambulatory neurology and the approach to clinical problems: principles of diagnosis - the general approach to neurologic diagnosis principles of diagnosis - common presenting symptoms and findings principles of diagnosis - special tests principles of treatment. Part 2: general aspects of cerebrovascular disease common pathogenesis of stroke less common causes of stroke management of cerebrovascular disease. Part 3 Infectious diseases: diseases of the spinal cord motor neuron diseases diseases of peripheral nerve diseases of neuromuscular transmission diseases of muscle. Part 4: Parkinson's Disease and Parkinson-like syndromes non-Parkinsonian movement disorders. Part 5: behavioural neurology epilepsy disorders of sleep psychiatric issues in neurologic practice. Part 6: brain tumours - specific tumour types spinal cord tumours neurologic complications of systemic cancer. Part 7: cardiology and cardiac surgery pulmonary disorders nephrology and urology gastronenterology and hepatology haematology endocrinology and metabolism toxins and drug effects organ transplantation rheumatology. Part 8: general aspects of headache headache syndromes and their treatment special headache problems general aspects of pain generalized pain syndromes regional pain syndromes.
Phenolic acids act as signaling molecules in plant-microbe symbioses (2010)

Phenolic acids are the main polyphenols made by plants. These compounds have diverse functions and are immensely important in plant-microbe interactions/symbiosis. Phenolic compounds act as signaling molecules in the initiation of legumerhizobia symbioses, establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses and can act as agents in plant defense. Flavonoids are a diverse class of polyphenolic compounds that have received considerable attention as signaling molecules involved in plant-microbe interactions compared to the more widely distributed, simple phenolic acids; hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, which are both derived from the general phenylpropanoid pathway. This review describes the well-known roles attributed to phenolic compounds as nod gene inducers of legume-rhizobia symbioses, their roles in induction of the GmGin1 gene in fungus for establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, their roles in inducing vir gene expression in Agrobacterium, and their roles as defense molecules operating against soil borne pathogens that could have great implications for rhizospheric microbial ecology. Amongst plant phenolics we have a lack of knowledge concerning the roles of phenolic acids as signaling molecules beyond the relatively well-defined roles of flavonoids. This may be addressed through the use of plant mutants defective in phenolic acids biosynthesis or knock down target genes in future investigations.
Location of the Glucuronosyltransferase Domain in the Heparan Sulfate Copolymerase EXT1 by Analysis of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Mutants (2000)

Heparan sulfate formation occurs by the copolymerization of glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues. Recent studies have shown that these reactions are catalyzed by a copolymerase encoded by EXT1 and EXT2, members of the exostosin family of putative tumor suppressors linked to hereditary multiple exostoses. Previously, we identified a collection of Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants (pgsD) that failed to make heparan sulfate (Lidholt, K., Weinke, J. L., Kiser, C. S., Lugemwa, F. N., Bame, K. J., Cheifetz, S., Massagué, J., Lindahl, U., and Esko, J. D. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 89, 2267-2271). Here, we show that pgsD mutants contain mutations that either alter GlcA transferase activity selectively or that affect both GlcNAc and GlcA transferase activities. Expression of EXT1 corrects the deficiencies in the mutants, whereas EXT2 and the related EXT-like cDNAs do not. Analysis of the EXT1 mutant alleles revealed clustered missense mutations in a domain that included a (D/E)X(D/E) motif thought to bind the nucleotide sugar from studies of other transferases. These findings provide insight into the location of the GlcA transferase subdomain of the enzyme and indicate that loss of the GlcA transferase domain may be sufficient to cause hereditary multiple exostoses.
An Antibody Recognizing the Apical Domain of Human Transferrin Receptor 1 Efficiently Inhibits the Entry of All New World Hemorrhagic Fever Arenaviruses (2012)

Five New World (NW) arenaviruses cause human hemorrhagic fevers. Four of these arenaviruses are known to enter cells by binding human transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1). Here we show that the fifth arenavirus, Chapare virus, similarly uses hTfR1. We also identify an anti-hTfR1 antibody, ch128.1, which efficiently inhibits entry mediated by the glycoproteins of all five viruses, as well as replication of infectious Junín virus. Our data indicate that all NW hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses utilize a common hTfR1 apical-domain epitope and suggest that therapeutic agents targeting this epitope, including ch128.1 itself, can be broadly effective in treating South American hemorrhagic fevers.
Proton Boron Colliding Beams for Nuclear Fusion. (2000)

No abstract prepared.
Daptomycin tested against 915 bloodstream isolates of viridans group streptococci (eight species) and Streptococcus bovis (2005)

Daptomycin is an active antimicrobial agent that has a usable potency against eight species of viridans group streptococci, as well as S. bovis, with all MIC values at < or =2 mg/L.
Oxide Spintronics (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Concomitant with the development of metal-based spintronics in the late 1980s and 1990s, important advances were made on the growth of high-quality oxide thin films and heterostructures. While this was at first motivated by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in perovskite Cu oxides, this technological breakthrough was soon applied to other transition-metal oxides and, notably, mixed-valence manganites. The discovery of colossal magnetoresistance in manganite films triggered intense research activity on these materials, but the first notable impact of magnetic oxides in the field of spintronics was the use of such manganites as electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions, yielding tunnel magnetoresistance ratios that are one order of magnitude larger than what had been obtained with transition-metal electrodes. Since then, research on oxide spintronics has been intense, with the latest developments focused on diluted magnetic oxides and, more recently, on multiferroics. In this paper, we will review the most important results on oxide spintronics, emphasizing materials physics as well as spin-dependent transport phenomena, and finally give some perspectives on how the flurry of new magnetic oxides could be useful for next-generation spintronics devices. </para>
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction (1995)

Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and ...Read More
Watch - a low-cost, secure-item monitoring system (1987)

Sandia National Laboratories has developed a remote sensor package that provides a low-cost, convenient way of monitoring item movement. Originally, the package was intended for use in valve monitoring, but it is now possible to use it in any sensor application where hardwire installation is impractical or uneconomical. Full system implementation includes a receiver/controller which correlates the arrival time of RF signals generated by item-monitoring transmitters to increase communication security. Wireless Alarm Transmission of Contained Handling (WATCH) is such a system. One important application of WATCH is in storage vaults where there are a number of material containers. Applying WATCH to inventory control reduces inventory workload and employee exposure rates; the system also provides quick access to inventory information by interfacing the system with plant site computer systems.
Modification of Human Hearing Loss by Plasma-Membrane Calcium Pump PMCA2 (2005)

Five adult siblings presented with autosomal recessive sensorineural hearing loss: two had high-frequency loss, whereas the other three had severe-to-profound loss affecting all frequencies. Genetic evaluation revealed that a homozygous mutation in CDH23 (which encodes cadherin 23) caused the hearing loss in all five siblings and that a heterozygous, hypofunctional variant (V586M) in plasma-membrane calcium pump PMCA2, which is encoded by ATP2B2, was associated with increased loss in the three severely affected siblings. V586M was detected in two unrelated persons with increased sensorineural hearing loss, in the other caused by a mutation in MYO6 (which encodes myosin VI) in one and by noise exposure, suggesting that this variant may modify the severity of sensorineural hearing loss caused by a variety of factors.
Artemisinin and its derivatives: a novel class of anti-malarial and anti-cancer agents (2009)

In this tutorial review, an effort towards presentation of a comprehensive account of the recent developments on various kinds of artemisinin derivatives including artemisinin dimers, trimers and tetramers has been made and their efficacy towards malaria parasites and different cancer cells lines was compared with that of artemisinins, and various other anti-malarial and anti-cancer drugs. It is expected that this review will provide first-hand information on artemisinin chemistry to organic/medicinal chemists, and pharmacologists working on anticancer and anti-malarial drug development.
N+-Glucuronidation of aliphatic tertiary amines, a general phenomenon in the metabolism of H1-antihistamines in humans (1991)

1. Representative drugs of the various structural classes of H1 antihistamines were chosen for study. The drugs chosen (class name in parentheses) were chlorpheniramine maleate and pheniramine maleate (alkylamines), diphenhydramine hydrochloride and doxylamine succinate (ethanolamines), pyrilamine maleate and tripelennamine hydrochloride (ethylenediamines), promethazine hydrochloride (phenothiazine), cyclizine lactate (piperazine) and terfenadine (miscellaneous). In each case oral dose(s) were administered over no more than 6 h to two healthy volunteers and the total urine collected for 36 h. 2. Metabolites from urine were separated by h.p.l.c. and individually collected prior to mass spectrometric analysis in the fast atom bombardment mode. The structure of each metabolite identified as a quaternary ammonium-linked glucuronide metabolite was confirmed by direct comparison of its mass spectrum and chromatographic behaviour with that of a synthetic authentic compound. 3. For eight of the nine drugs studied, metabolism by the N(+)-glucuronidation pathway was observed in each of the volunteers. Terfenadine was the exception. 4. The amount of each N(+)-glucuronide in the urine was estimated by h.p.l.c. analysis. The mean proportion of dose excreted as the metabolite was 14.3%, 6.5% and 4.0% for cyclizine, tripelennamine and diphenhydramine, respectively. Promethazine was the only case where the N(+)-glucuronide accounted for less than 1.0% of the administered dose in both volunteers examined.
Thromboembolism in Hageman Trait (1977)

McPherson, Richard A.: Thromboembolism in Hageman trait. The case of a patient with severe deficiency of Hageman factor (factor XII) in whom a thrombus embolized to arteries in a lower extremity is described. In addition to its action in initiating blood clotting through the intrinsic pathway, Hageman factor can influence kinin generation, fibrinolysis, and activation of complement. While individuals with Hageman factor deficiency have no hemorrhagic disorder, this case emphasizes the role factor XII may normally assume in clot dissolution.
FGFR Genetic Alterations Predict for Sensitivity to NVP-BGJ398, a Selective Pan-FGFR Inhibitor (2012)

The success of a personalized medicine approach using targeted therapies ultimately depends on being able to identify the patients who will benefit the most from any given drug. To this end, we have integrated the molecular profiles for more than 500 cancer cell lines with sensitivity data for the novel anticancer drug NVP-BGJ398 and showed that FGFR genetic alterations are the most significant predictors for sensitivity. This work has ultimately endorsed the incorporation of specific patient selection biomakers in the clinical trials for NVP-BGJ398.
NO-independent stimulation or activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase during early reperfusion limits infarct size (2013)

Targeting either reduced or oxidized forms of sGC during early reperfusion affords cardioprotection, providing support for the concept that direct sGC manipulation at reperfusion has therapeutic potential for the management of acute myocardial infarction.
Retinoic Acid Reduces Autoimmune Renal Injury and Increases Survival in NZB/W F1 Mice (2003)

Retinoic acids, a group of natural and synthetic vitamin A derivatives, have potent antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, retinoic acids were reported to inhibit Th1 cytokine production. We investigated the effects of retinoic acid on lupus nephritis in a model of NZB/NZW F(1) (NZB/W F(1)) mice. Three-month-old NZB/W F(1) mice were separated into two groups: one treated with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA; 0.5 mg i.p., three times weekly for 7 mo) and one with saline as a control. Compared with controls, ATRA-treated mice survived longer and exhibited a significant reduction of proteinuria, renal pathological findings including glomerular IgG deposits, and serum anti-DNA Abs. Splenomegaly was less marked in the treated mice than in controls. Transcripts encoding IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-10 in splenic CD4(+) T cells were significantly reduced in treated mice compared with controls. We conclude that treatment with ATRA in SLE-prone NZB/W F(1) mice significantly alleviates autoimmune renal disorder and prolongs survival; this may thus represent a novel approach to the treatment of patients with lupus nephritis.
Prolongation of Cardiac Allograft Survival Using Dendritic Cells Treated with NF-κB Decoy Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (2000)

Dendritic cells (DC) classically promote immune responses but can be manipulated to induce antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in vitro. The expression of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD86, CD80) at the DC cell surface correlates with their capacity to induce or suppress immune responses. Expression of these molecules is associated with NF-kB-dependent transcription of their genes. DC tolerogenicity has been associated with impaired NF-kB-dependent transcription of costimulatory genes as well as NF-kB translocation to the nucleus. In this report, we demonstrate that double-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing binding sites for NF-kB (NF-kB ODN) are efficiently incorporated by bone marrow-derived DC and specifically inhibit NF-kB-dependent transcription of a reporter gene. Moreover, exposure of DC to the oligonucleotide decoys inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production, a marker of DC maturation. Treatment of bone marrow-derived DC progenitors with NF-kB ODN selectively suppressed the cell-surface expression of costimulatory molecules without interfering with MHC class I or class II expression. Furthermore, NF-kB ODN DC induced allogeneic donor-specific hyporesponsiveness in mixed leukocyte cultures, and this was associated with inhibition of Th1-type cytokine production. Finally, infusion of NF-kB ODN-modified bone marrow-derived DC into allogeneic recipients prior to heart transplantation resulted in significant prolongation of allograft survival in the absence of immunosuppression. Specific interference with NF-kB and other transcriptional pathways involved in immune stimulation in DC using ODN decoy approaches could be one means to promote tolerance induction in organ transplantation.
Characterization and crystallization of ribosomal particles from Halobacterium marismortui (1985)

Ribosomes and their subunits have been isolated from Halobacterium marismortui , an extremely halophilic bacterium from the Dead Sea. The stability and functional activity of the subunits were tested under a wide range of salt conditions. Three‐dimensional microcrystals of the large ribosomal subunits have been obtained. Electron microscopy of positively stained thin sections of these crystals showed that the particles are closely packed with approximate cell constants of 310 × 350 Å.
Memory in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Reprogrammed Human Retinal-Pigmented Epithelial Cells Show Tendency for Spontaneous Redifferentiation (2010)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been generated from a variety of somatic cell types via introduction of transcription factors that mediate pluripotency. However, it is unknown that all cell types can be reprogrammed and whether the origin of the parental cell ultimately determines the behavior of the resultant iPS cell line. We sought to determine whether human retinal-pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells could be reprogrammed, and to test the hypothesis that reprogrammed cells retain a "memory" of their origin in terms of propensity for differentiation. We reprogrammed primary fetal RPE cells via lentiviral expression of OCT4, SOX2, LIN28, and Nanog. The iPS cell lines derived from RPE exhibited morphologies similar to human embryonic stem cells and other iPS cell lines, expressed stem cell markers, and formed teratomas-containing derivatives of all three germ layers. To test whether these iPS cells retained epigenetic imprints from the parental RPE cells, we analyzed their propensity for spontaneous differentiation back into RPE after removal of FGF2. We found that some, but not all, iPS lines exhibited a marked preference for redifferentiation into RPE. Our results show that RPE cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency, and suggest that they often retain a memory of their previous state of differentiation.
Purified Poloxamer 188 for Treatment of Acute Vaso-occlusive Crisis of Sickle Cell Disease (2001)

A decrease in the duration of painful episodes and an increase in the proportion of patients who achieved resolution of the symptoms were observed when the purified poloxamer 188-treated patients were compared with the patients receiving placebo. However, the difference between these groups was significant but relatively small. In subgroup analysis, a more significant effect on both parameters was observed in children and in patients who were receiving concomitant hydroxyurea. It is important to confirm both of these observations in further prospective trials.