gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Successful autologous stem cell transplantation in two patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (2010)

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology that affects muscle and skin. We report on two patients with severe progressive JDM who developed contractures and were wheelchair dependent despite therapy including methotrexate (MTX), steroids, immunoglobulins, cyclosporin A, and rituximab. On account of the refractory disease, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was performed using a CD3/CD19-depleted graft after immunoablative conditioning with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and anti-thymocyte globulin. This induced a dramatic improvement and sustained remission of the disease in both patients. We demonstrate that ASCT is a therapeutic option with low toxicity for patients with severe, refractory JDM.
Efficacy and safety of linagliptin in type 2 diabetes subjects at high risk for renal and cardiovascular disease: a pooled analysis of six phase III clinical trials (2013)

In T2DM patients with the two common vascular risk factors of hypertension and microalbuminuria, linagliptin achieved significant improvements in glycemic control. In this vulnerable patient population at high risk for micro- and macrovascular complications, linagliptin was well tolerated.
Demonstration of ligand-dependent signaling by the erbB-3 tyrosine kinase and its constitutive activation in human breast tumor cells. (1993)

The predicted human erbB-3 gene product is closely related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and erbB-2, which have been implicated as oncogenes in model systems and human neoplasia. We expressed the erbB-3 coding sequence in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and identified its product as a 180-kDa glycoprotein, gp180erbB-3. Tunicamycin and pulse-chase experiments revealed that the mature protein was processed by N-linked glycosylation of a 145-kDa erbB-3 core polypeptide. The intrinsic catalytic function of gp180erbB-3 was shown by its ability to autophosphorylate in vitro. Ligand-dependent signaling of its cytoplasmic domain was established employing transfectants that express a chimeric EGFR/erbB-3 protein, gp180EGFR/erbB-3. EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the chimera and promoted soft agar colony formation of such transfectants. These findings combined with the detection of constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of gp180erbB-3 in 4 of 12 human mammary tumor cell lines implicate the activated erbB-3 product in the pathogenesis of some human malignancies.
Cellular commitment and differentiation in the organ of Corti (2007)

The organ of Corti, the sensory epithelium of the mammalian cochlea, develops from a subset of cells located along the dorsal side (referred to as the floor) of the cochlear duct. Over the course of embryonic development, cells within the developing organ of Corti become committed to develop as each of the unique cell types within the organ, including inner and outer hair cells, and at least four different types of supporting cells. Moreover, these different cell types are subsequently arranged into a highly rigorous cellular mosaic that includes the formation of ordered rows of both hair cells and supporting cells. The events that regulate both the location of the organ of Corti within the cochlear duct, the specification of each cell type and cellular patterning remain poorly understood. However, recent results have significantly improved our understanding of the molecular, genetic and cellular factors that mediate some of the decisions required for the development of this structure. In this review I will present an overview of cochlear development and then discuss some of the most recent and enlightening results regarding the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of this remarkable structure.
Characterization of the human androgen receptor transcription unit (1991)

A full length human androgen receptor (hAR) cDNA was constructed from cDNA and genomic clones. Structurally the 10.6-kilobase (kb) hAR cDNA consists of a long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR, 1.1 kb), a previously described open reading frame (ORF, 2.7 kb) (Trapman, J., Klaassen, P., Kuiper, G. G. J. M., van der Korput, J. A. G. M., Faber, P. W., van Rooij, H. C. J., Geurts van Kessel, A., Voorhorst, M. M., Mulder, E., and Brinkmann, A. O. (1988) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 153, 241-248; Faber, P. W., Kuiper, G. G. J. M., van Rooij, H. C. J., van der Korput, J. A. G. M., Brinkmann, A. O., and Trapman, J. (1989) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 61, 257-262), and a very long 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR, 6.8 kb). The complete 5'- and 3'-UTRs were found to be encoded by the previously reported first and eight protein coding exons of the hAR gene, respectively (Kuiper, G. G. J. M., Faber, P. W., van Rooij, H. C. J., van der Korput, J. A. G. M., Ris-Stalpers, C., Klaassen, P., Trapman, J., and Brinkmann, A. O. (1989) J. Mol. Endocrinol. 2, R1-R4). Two major sites of transcription initiation were identified in a 13-base pair region. DNA fragments spanning these transcription initiation sites conferred promoter activity upon a promoterless chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene construct. Two equally effective, functional polyadenylation signals (ATTAAA and CATAAA) at a mutual distance of 221 base pairs were detected. The ATTAAA hexamer sequence gave rise to multiple sites of poly(A) addition, whereas only one position was used following the CATAAA hexamer. In LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cells an alternatively spliced hAR mRNA species was identified which lacks 3 kb of the 3'-UTR.
Clinical and radiographic response following targeting of BCAN-NTRK1 fusion in glioneuronal tumor (2017)

Glioneuronal tumors constitute a histologically diverse group of primary central nervous system neoplasms that are typically slow-growing and managed conservatively. Genetic alterations associated with glioneuronal tumors include <i>BRAF</i> mutations and oncogenic fusions. To further characterize this group of tumors, we collected a cohort of 26 glioneuronal tumors and performed in-depth genomic analysis. We identified mutations in <i>BRAF</i> (34%) and oncogenic fusions (30%), consistent with previously published reports. In addition, we discovered novel oncogenic fusions involving members of the <i>NTRK</i> gene family in a subset of our cohort. One-patient with <i>BCAN</i> exon 13 fused to <i>NTRK1</i> exon 11 initially underwent a subtotal resection for a 4th ventricular glioneuronal tumor but ultimately required additional therapy due to progressive, symptomatic disease. Given the patient's targetable fusion, the patient was enrolled on a clinical trial with entrectinib, a pan-Trk, ROS1, and <i>ALK</i> (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) inhibitor. The patient was treated for 11 months and during this time volumetric analysis of the lesion demonstrated a maximum reduction of 60% in the contrast-enhancing tumor compared to his pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging study. The radiologic response was associated with resolution of his clinical symptoms and was maintained for 11 months on treatment. This report of a <i>BCAN-NTRK1</i> fusion in glioneuronal tumors highlights its clinical importance as a novel, targetable alteration.
Upregulation of CD40 and CD40 Ligand (CD154) in Patients With Moderate Hypercholesterolemia (2001)

Patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia show upregulation of the CD40 system, which may contribute to the known proinflammatory, proatherogenic, and prothrombotic milieu found in these patients.
Human Monoclonal Antibody with Protective Activity for Escherichia coli K1 and Neisseria meningitidis Group B Infections (1988)

We produced human monoclonal antibody that demonstrated specific reactivity to the K1 capsule of Escherichia coli and the group B polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis. The antibody was nonreactive with several strains of K1- E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria. All E. coli K1 clinical isolates tested were reactive with the antibody. When assayed for in vitro opsonophagocytic ability, the antibody caused bacterial removal only in the presence of human complement and neutrophils, an observation suggesting a non-bacteriolytic, neutrophil-dependent killing mechanism. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, the antibody was highly protective for infectious disease when used prophylactically in three animal models. The data suggest a potential use for human monoclonal antibodies in preventing and/or treating infections of the blood.
Similarity laws for glow discharges with cathodes of metal and an electrolyte (1998)

The pressure dependence of the cathodic current density in the case of an electrolyte and a metal cathode glow discharge operating in air and helium atmospheres was investigated. In all cases, at pressures above 100-200 mbar, violation of the similarity law was observed, which was attributed to the occurrence of the dissociative recombination of molecular ions of the applied gases (O, and ). Taking into consideration this process, the relation was deducted, which was found to be in accordance with experimental data. In the case of an electrolyte cathode this relation was found to be valid also at low pressures.
Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-mediated killing of tumor cell induces tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells in mice. (1997)

Transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene into cancer cells followed by treatment with ganciclovir (GCV) is an attractive strategy of cancer gene transfer. HSV-TK-transduced cells are efficiently killed by the direct cytotoxic effect of GCV-triphosphate, which is generated by HSV-TK from GCV. In addition, the bystander effect kills adjacent nontransduced tumor cells, although this mechanism is not fully understood. We addressed whether the systemic immune response is involved in tumor regression in vivo. Renca cells, from a renal carcinoma cell line transduced with a retroviral vector bearing the HSV-TK gene driven by the cytomegalovirus early promoter, were inoculated into BALB/c mice. After complete regression of inoculated tumors with GCV treatment, the animals were challenged with nontransduced tumor cells. Rejection or significant growth inhibition of challenged tumor cells was observed. In these animals, tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells were efficiently induced. CD8+ cells appeared to be a main component in this cytotoxic T cell fraction. Expression of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens increased in HSV-TK+ cells treated with GCV. These results suggest that suicide gene therapy may be useful not only for short-term tumor regression mediated by direct cell killing and bystander effect, but also, due to the vaccination effect, may be an aid in long-term tumor regression and prevention of recurrence.
Improving radiosity solutions through the use of analytically determined form-factors (1989)

Current radiosity methods rely on the calculation of geometric factors, known as form-factors, which describe energy exchange between pairs of surfaces in the environment. The most computationally efficient method for form-factor generation is a numerical technique known as the hemi-cube algorithm. Use of the hemi-cube is based on assumptions about the geometry of the surfaces involved. First, this paper examines the types of errors and visual artifacts that result when these assumptions are violated. Second, the paper shows that these errors occur more frequently in progressive refinement radiosity than in the originally proposed full matrix radiosity solution. Next, a new analytical technique for determining form-factors that is immune to the errors of the hemi-cube algorithm is introduced. Finally, a hybrid progressive refinement method that invokes the new technique to correctly compute form-factors when hemi-cube assumptions are violated is presented.
Electrodeposited Fe and Fe–Au nanowires as MRI contrast agents (2016)

Electrodeposited Fe and Fe-Au nanowires were studied for potential as MRI contrast agents, especially for T<sub>2</sub>-weighted imaging. Transverse relaxivities up to r<sub>2</sub> = 77.1 mM Fe<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> (at 1.5 T) were achieved when Fe-Au nanowires were coated with thiol and carboxylic acid functionalized poly(ethyleneglycol). T<sub>2</sub>-Weighted images (9 T) verified successful contrast.
Lactate dehydrogenase A-subunit and B-subunit deficiencies: comparison of the physiological roles of LDH isozymes. (1983)

Different clinical features exist for lactate dehydrogenase A-subunit and B-subunit deficiencies. The metabolic basis for these clinical differences was elucidated by investigating carbohydrate metabolism in the affected tissues. Glycolysis was markedly retarded at the position of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and significant increases of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and fructose 1,6-diphosphate were observed. The physical and kinetic properties of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase prepared from human erythrocytes and skeletal muscle were almost identical, but the mode of inhibition of the enzyme was slightly different in erythrocytes and in skeletal muscle. In erythrocytes, impaired reoxidation of NADH followed by the deficiency of substrate NAD+ causes a reduction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. However, in skeletal muscle, the increased level of NADH markedly inhibits the enzyme under anaerobic conditions. A flux of triose phosphates from glycolysis occurred in skeletal muscle of a patient with A-subunit deficiency. This flux is attributable to the high cytosol alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in skeletal muscle. for these reasons the ATP production was significantly impaired in the patient and the damage to muscle cells brings about the release of cytosolic enzymes and muscle rigidity after hard exercise. In contrast in the erythrocytes, the level of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase is very low and another red cell-specific NADH reoxidizing system such as NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (NADH-methemoglobin reductase) is operating. In this manner, the NAD+ level in erythrocytes is compensated for without the flux of triose phosphates derived from glucose. Therefore, the ATP production in erythrocytes is sufficiently maintained by glycolysis even in a patient with complete lactate dehydrogenase B-subunit deficiency. Thus, impaired ATP production in anaerobic stage is a condition which is specific for lactate dehydrogenase A-subunit deficiency but does not occur for B-subunit deficiency. The different clinical features of the A- and B-subunit deficiencies have been clearly elucidated.
Tissue culture of cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.): changes in lipids during maturation of beans and growth of cells and calli in culture (1981)

Abstract Callus cultures of Theobroma cacao L., initiated from explants of immature cocoa bean cotyledons, contained 5.3%–6.4% lipids (dry wt basis). The major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Cell suspensions contained 5.7–7.7% total lipids which had a higher polyunsaturated fatty acid content than total lipids of the calli. Phospholipids and glycolipids were the predominant lipid classes of calli and cell suspensions. Immature cocoa beans at early stages of development contained much higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, higher polar lipids and lower triglycerides than did mature ripe beans. Ripe cocoa beans contained 54% total lipids of which 96.8% where triglycerides. The fatty acid composition of total lipids of calli and cell suspensions were similar to those of the immature cocoa beans.
High-efficiency continuous surface-relief gratings for two-dimensional array generation (1992)

Continuous surface-relief phase gratings for two-dimensional (2-D) array generation have been realized by laser-beam writing lithography. For a 9 x 9 fan-out element, a diffraction efficiency of 94% and a uniformity of better than +/-8% have been achieved. These are, to our knowledge, the best published results for 2-D surface relief fan-out elements. Separable and nonseparable solutions for the design of 2-D fan-out elements are discussed.
CHEMICAL SENSING AND CATALYSIS BY ONE-DIMENSIONAL METAL-OXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES (2004)

▪ Abstract Metal-oxide nanowires can function as sensitive and selective chemical or biological sensors, which could potentially be massively multiplexed in devices of small size. The active nanowire sensor element in such devices can be configured either as resistors whose conductance is altered by charge-transfer processes occurring at their surfaces or as field-effect transistors whose properties can be controlled by applying an appropriate potential onto its gate. Functionalizing the surface of these entities offers yet another avenue for expanding their sensing capability. In turn, because charge exchange between an adsorbate and the nanowire can change the electron density in the nanowire, modifying the nanowire's carrier density by external means, such as applying a potential to the gate, could modify its surface chemical properties and perhaps change the rate and selectivity of catalytic processes occurring at its surface. Although research on the use of metal-oxide nanowires as sensors is still in early stages, several encouraging experiments have been reported that are interesting in their own right and indicative of a promising future.
Sialoadhesin Expressed on IFN-Induced Monocytes Binds HIV-1 and Enhances Infectivity (2008)

Increased sialoadhesin expression on CD14(+) monocytes occurred in response to HIV-1 infection with maximum expression associated with high viral load. We show that interferons induce sialoadhesin in primary CD14(+) monocytes, which is consistent with an antiviral response during viremia. Our findings suggest that circulating sialoadhesin-expressing monocytes are capable of binding HIV-1 and effectively delivering virus to target cells thereby enhancing the distribution of HIV-1. Sialoadhesin could disseminate HIV-1 to viral reservoirs during monocyte immunosurveillance or migration to sites of inflammation and then facilitate HIV-1 infection of permissive cells.
Production of a mouse-human chimeric monoclonal antibody to CD20 with potent Fc-dependent biologic activity. (1987)

Mouse monoclonal antibody 2H7 recognizes the CD20 cell surface phosphoprotein that is expressed in normal as well as malignant B cells. CD20 may be a useful target for therapy of B cell lymphomas, since damaged normal B cells can be replaced by their antigen-negative precursors. Monoclonal antibody 2H7 is an IgG2b (kappa) immunoglobulin which cannot mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity with human lymphocytes or complement-dependent cytotoxicity with human serum. We have now generated a chimeric 2H7 antibody by substituting the mouse constant domains of 2H7 with the human gamma 1 and kappa domains. This new antibody has the same binding specificities as 2H7 but is highly effective in mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity with human effector cells and complement-dependent cytotoxicity with human complement.
Feasibility of using recombinant factor VIIa in continuous infusion. (1996)

Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa; NovoSeven) is a recent addition to the hemostatic alternatives for the treatment of hemophiliacs with inhibitors. A drawback in the use of rFVIIa has been its half-life of only about 2 h, which necessitates very frequent and punctual injections. We evaluated the stability of reconstituted, but not further diluted, rFVIIa in 3 infusion systems (WalkMed 350 and CADD-Plus minipumps and Meddex 2001 syringe pump). The factor VII (F VII) activity was maintained for at least 3 days at room temperature with only a minor and clinically insignificant increase in oxidized forms of rFVIIa and minimal leaching of the plastic softeners dibutylphthalate and di-octylphthalate after 24-48 h. Addition of heparin, 5-10 U/ml, to reconstituted rFVIIa caused a loss of about 50% of the activity within 4 h of storage in the infusion system, whereas low molecular weight heparin had no such effect. Repeated samples showed that the infusion systems maintained sterility. Reconstituted rFVIIa did not support bacterial growth when inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli to any greater extent than did reconstituted factor VIII, lidocaine in saline or heparin in saline. Two patients were treated with continuous infusion of rFVIIa on 4 occasions (total knee arthroplasty, wound revision, and twice straightening of a 90 degrees contracture of the knee under general anaesthesia). A preoperative pharmacokinetic evaluation was performed, and the clearance was used to calculate the maintenance dose, aiming at a FVII level of 10 U/ml, which proved to be a hemostatic level. The first patient had no change in the clearance during the two treatment episodes. He suffered from repeated thrombophlebitis at the infusion site. The second patient had a progressive decrease of the clearance from 86.4 to 24.7 ml/h/kg. He received during the first treatment a parallel infusion with heparin (approximately 250 U/24 h) to the same venous access and did not develop thrombophlebitis during 3.5 days of therapy. For the second episode low molecular weight heparin was added directly to the infusion bag, and no adverse effects were observed. Continuous infusion with rFVIIa is thus feasible with the minipumps used by us, eliminates the need for 2 h injections and reduces the total dose of rFVIIa by 50-75%, depending on the behaviour of the clearance.
The Global Epidemiology Of HIV Infection And Aids (1990)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Polymers for Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics (2004)

Organic and polymeric materials are active materials used for electronic devices such as thin film field-effect transistors (FETs). These materials are more likely to have practical advantages when coupled with low cost approaches to patterning that are compatible with them. In this chapter, we discuss material requirements and survey different materials used for high performance organic FETs.
Outbreak of Severe Respiratory Disease Associated with Emergent Human Adenovirus Serotype 14 at a US Air Force Training Facility in 2007 (2009)

Emergence of Ad14, a rare Ad serotype, caused a protracted outbreak of respiratory illness among military recruits. Most infected recruits experienced FRI or milder illnesses. Some required hospitalization, and 1 died. Natural Ad7 infection may protect against severe Ad14 illness.