gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning of the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation breakpoints from two human leukemia cell lines. (1991)

The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation has been associated with several subtypes of human leukemia and lymphoma. It has been proposed that this translocation activates a proto-oncogene designated BCL1. In an effort to better understand the mechanism by which this translocation leads to malignancy, we have studied this translocation in two human cell lines. MO1094 and MO2058 were derived from patients with prolymphocytic variants of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Southern blotting of the MO2058 cell line documented that the translocation linked the Jh region in the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene to the previously described BCL1 major translocation cluster (MTC). Using the polymerase chain reaction, we cloned this translocation and showed that the chromosome 11 breakpoint was within 7 bp of two other samples reported previously. Southern blotting of the MO1094 cell line suggested that the translocation in this cell line might link Jh sequences to a new region in the BCL1 locus on chromosome 11. Therefore, the MO1094 breakpoint was cloned from a genomic library. Comparison with normal cloned DNA from the BCL1 locus showed that the chromosome 11 breakpoint occurred 24 kb telomeric of the MTC. This work reinforces the concept that translocation breakpoints in the BCL1 locus are scattered over at least 63 kb.
Management earnings forecasts in a continuous disclosure environment (2007)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess management earnings forecasts in a continuous disclosure environment. Design/methodology/approach A large sample of hand checked Australian management earnings forecasts are examined. These data are analysed using a series of logistic regressions. Hypotheses are proposed and tested based on Skinner's litigation cost hypothesis. Increases in non‐routine management earnings forecasts post‐2000; and increases in the proportion of such forecasts that contain bad news are predicted. The relationship between forecast specificity and forecast news content is investigated. Findings It was found that, post‐2000, legislative changes and increased enforcement action by ASIC were followed by increased disclosure of non‐routine management earnings forecasts. For routine forecasts, no significant increase in forecast disclosure is observed. This result is consistent with Skinner as is the finding that the increased disclosure is only apparent for bad news non‐routine forecasts. For the second objective, evidence was found that the larger the gap between market expectations and actual performance the more specific the forecast, but only for bad news forecasts. Originality/value The study extends the small amount of research investigating the characteristics of management earnings forecasts. It also provides an assessment of the effectiveness of efforts by ASIC to ensure that management meet their continuous disclosure obligations.
Delivery of Peptides to the Blood and Brain after Oral Uptake of Quaternary Ammonium Palmitoyl Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles (2012)

The clinical development of therapeutic peptides has been restricted to peptides for non-CNS diseases and parenteral dosage forms due to the poor permeation of peptides across the gastrointestinal mucosa and the blood-brain barrier. Quaternary ammonium palmitoyl glycol chitosan (GCPQ) nanoparticles facilitate the brain delivery of orally administered peptides such as leucine(5)-enkephalin, and here we examine the mechanism of GCPQ facilitated oral peptide absorption and brain delivery. By analyzing the oral biodistribution of radiolabeled GCPQ nanoparticles, the oral biodistribution of the model peptide leucine(5)-enkephalin and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy tissue images after an oral dose of deuterated GCPQ nanoparticles, we have established a number of facts. Although 85-90% of orally administered GCPQ nanoparticles are not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, a peak level of 2-3% of the oral GCPQ dose is detected in the blood 30 min after dosing, and these GCPQ particles appear to transport the peptides to the blood. Additionally, although peptide loaded nanoparticles from low (6 kDa) and high (50 kDa) molecular weight GCPQ are taken up by enterocytes, polymer particles with a polymer molecular weight greater than 6 kDa are required to facilitate peptide delivery to the brain after oral administration. By examining our current and previous data, we conclude that GCPQ particles facilitate oral peptide absorption by protecting the peptide from gastrointestinal degradation, adhering to the mucus to increase the drug gut residence time and transporting GCPQ associated peptide across the enterocytes and to the systemic circulation, enabling the GCPQ stabilized peptide to be transported to the brain. Orally administered GCPQ particles are also circulated from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver and onward to the gall bladder, presumably for final transport back to the gastrointestinal tract.
Determinants of cough in young adults participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (2001)

Cough is a common symptom that affects a large proportion of the general population. The aim of this investigation was to identify determinants of nocturnal, nonproductive and productive cough in population samples from different countries. In a cross-sectional international population survey, 18,277 subjects (20-48 yrs) from 16 countries answered an interview-led questionnaire. Total and specific immunoglobulin-E was measured and spirometry was performed. Three types of cough were defined: nocturnal, nonproductive and productive cough. The relation of the independent variables to cough was estimated by means of logistic regression for each centre or country and combined across centre or country by random-effects meta-analysis. The median prevalence of nocturnal, nonproductive and productive cough in the different centres was 30.7%, 10.2% and 10.2%, respectively. Nocturnal and nonproductive cough were related to female sex (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.08 and 1.27, respectively), while nocturnal and productive cough were related to rhinitis (OR=1.46 and 1.61, respectively). All three types of cough were related to asthma, tobacco smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and obesity. Females are more likely to report nocturnal and nonproductive cough than males. Cough was related to treatable disorders, like asthma and rhinitis, as well as avoidable factors, such as tobacco smoking and environmental tobacco smoke.
Histogram-Based Approximation of Set-Valued Query-Answers (1999)

Answering queries approximately has recently been proposed as a way to reduce query response times in on-line decision support systems, when the precise answer is not necessary or early feedback is helpful. Most of the work in this area uses sampling-based techniques and handles aggregate queries, ignoring queries that return relations as answers. In this paper, we extend the scope of approximate query answering to general queries. We propose a novel and intuitive error measure for quantifying the error in an approximate query answer, which can be a multiset in general.
Design and Field Testing of a Truly Novel Diverting Agent (2006)

Abstract The success of all oilfield chemical treatments is dependent upon fluid placement efficiency. In acid-stimulation treatments, the acid should be placed so that all potentially productive intervals accept a sufficient portion of the total acid volume. The same is true for scale-inhibitor squeeze treatments. It is critical for the inhibitor to be distributed as uniformly as possible over the interval of interest. Various diversion techniques are available to assist in alteration of the injection profile during matrix treatments. Likewise, several computer design programs are available to advise on appropriate diversion techniques and allow numerical simulation of the diversion process and efficiency. Rarely are placement models validated in the field. Recently, a joint project was initiated to develop a novel fluid-diversion process. This project resulted in a particulate-diversion agent that has several advantages over traditional particulate diverters. Advantages include little or no environmental impact, negligible solubility at surface conditions, controlled permeability of the filter cake or perforation pack, upper temperature limit significantly higher than traditional diverting agents (excluding salt), compatibility with nearly all treatment fluids, diverter degradation at bottomhole conditions to eliminate post-treatment removal, and excellent regained permeability. The chemical development is not the only unique and novel aspect of this joint development. An extensive field trial was conducted, incorporating multiple step-rate tests, fluid-efficiency tests, treatment-pressure matching, pressure-buildup tests, temperature surveys, and injection profiles. These tests were performed in a 226°F sandstone reservoir at approximately 11,900 ft MD. Testing was performed (1) before diversion, (2) during injection of the diverter, (3) immediately after diverter placement, and (4) finally 1-2 days later to confirm diverter degradation. The pressure-matching techniques used in this study would not be unique in proppantfracturing applications; however, the application to matrix stimulation and chemical placement techniques using both pressure matches and injection profile matches are unique and novel processes.
Sodium-coupled glycine uptake by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells results in an increase in cell volume and plasma membrane channel activities. (1988)

The addition of 10 mM glycine to a physiological saline bathing Ehrlich ascites tumor cells is followed by a slow increase in cell volume that plateaus between 15 and 30 min at a level approximately equal to 17% greater than the control volume; this increase is not observed when glycine is added to cells suspended in a Na+-free saline. The results of studies using the patch-clamp technique in the cell-attached mode indicate that, 0.5-3 min after the addition of glycine to the bathing solution, there is a marked increase in the activity of single channels, which is almost all instances were previously present and operant in the plasma membrane. Successfully excised patches of membrane that contained a channel stimulated by glycine fell into two categories. Some became inactive within 15 sec in spite of the fact that the G omega seal remained intact. Others persisted for the lifetime of the seal. All of the persistent channels had an 11-fold selectivity for Cl- over K+ and a conductance of 23 pS when bathed by symmetrical 150 mM KCl solutions. Although the ionic specificities of the other channels have not been identified, there is reason to suspect that they might be K+ channels whose activities are dependent on factors lost when the patch is excised. Swelling induced by exposing these cells to a 50% hypotonic perfusate stimulated the activities of Cl- channels whose properties closely resemble those stimulated by the addition of glycine to the perfusate, strongly suggesting that the glycine-induced stimulation of Cl- channel activity is part of a volume-regulatory response to cell swelling. If the increase in channel activity induced by the addition of glycine to the perfusate is indeed a response to cell swelling, then this perfusate is indeed a response to cell swelling, then this volume-regulatory response must be extremely sensitive inasmuch as it appears to be "triggered" by an average increase in cell volume that does not exceed 5%.
Evaluation of vision systems for teleoperated land vehicles (1988)

A pilot study that compares vision systems that might be used to control a teleoperated land vehicle is described. The study compares three forward-looking vision systems, both for actual remote driving and for noninteractive video simulation. Remote driving has the advantage of realism but is subject to variability in driving strategies and can be hazardous to equipment. Video simulation provides a more controlled environment in which to compare vision-system parameters, but at the expense of some realism. Results demonstrate that relative differences in performance among the visual systems are generally consistent in the two test modes. A detection-range metric was found to be sensitive enough to demonstrate performance differences viewing large obstacles using black-and-white and color vision systems. Consequently, the author plans experimentation, aimed at optimizing vision-system parameters, that will rely to a greater extent on the more cost-effective, video-simulation approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Subcortical projections of area 25 (subgenual cortex) of the macaque monkey (2000)

In several species, including primates, stimulation studies indicate that the infralimbic cortex, the most caudal part of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, functions as a visceral motor region. In addition, recent positron emission tomography studies implicate the subgenual region in depression and mania. To determine the subcortical projections of this region in primates, injections of Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin, biotinylated dextran amine, or rhodamine-labeled dextran amine were placed in area 25 in three monkeys. In contrast to the efferents from area 25 previously described in the rat, there were no projections to autonomic effector regions, such as the nucleus of the solitary tract, magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups in the hypothalamus, ventrolateral medulla, or intermediolateral column of the spinal cord. However, projections were shown to a number of structures with probable roles in autonomic function and direct connections to some of the abovementioned autonomic effector regions, including bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, perifornical and anterior hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray, and lateral parabrachial nucleus. In addition, there were projections to several forebrain structures that receive projections from other components of the medial prefrontal network including the medial part of the caudate nucleus, lateral septum, midline and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei, the lateral parvocellular part of the basal accessory amygdaloid nucleus, and the magnocellular part of the basal amygdaloid. None of the injections resulted in labeling in the medulla. These connections support the idea of a role for cortical area 25 in emotional and autonomic responses, albeit less direct than that described in rodents.
Advances in Glaucoma Surgery (2016)

Currently popular glaucoma filtration surgeries which include trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage devices have their share of vision-threatening complications. Lately less invasive and safer devices have been developed to be used alone or in conjunction with cataract surgery for lowering the intraocular pressure. These microscopic implants utilize the trabecular pathway, suprachoroidal pathway or subconjunctival route for drainage. The term ‘Micro-Invasive Glaucoma Surgery’ includes surgical procedures that use an ab-interno approach, such as iStent, Trabectome, Hydrus Scaffold shunt, Excimer laser trabeculotomy and CyPass suprachoroidal shunt. Implants which utilize ab-externo approach are canaloplasty with microcatheter, Ex-PRESS glaucoma microshunts, SOLX Gold shunt and Aquashunt. Studies are ongoing to evaluate their efficacy alone or in combination with phacoemulsification and have found encouraging results in early to moderate glaucoma.
Experiments on Rigid Body Based Controllers with Input Preshaping for a Two-Link Flexible Manipulator (1992)

Input precompensators in conjunction with linear and nonlinear rigid body based controllers for flexible-link manipulators are considered in this paper. The objective is to preshape the reference input signals. This is accomplished by convolving the reference signal with a sequence of impulses so that a vibration free output is achieved. The time of the application of the impulses is dependent upon the modal frequencies and the amplitudes are functions of the damping of the modal frequencies. Experimental and simulation results on a two-link flexible manipulator show the effectiveness of the advocated controllers.
Direct patterning of surface quantum wells with an atomic force microscope (1998)

We employ an atomic force microscope to directly pattern the electron system of InAs–AlSb surface quantum wells. Sharp and sturdy electron beam deposited tips are developed to withstand the comparatively high (≈μN) forces in the direct patterning process. By direct patterning the InAs surface quantum well we modulate the electron system without any mask. We are therefore able to directly transfer the excellent lithographic resolution of atomic force microscopy to an electron system. The magnetoresistance of such fabricated antidot arrays is discussed.
Occurrence of l -Lysine ε-Dehydrogenase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1982)

A novel amino acid dehydrogenase catalyzing the oxidative deamination of the epsilon-amino group of l-lysine was found in the crude extract of Agrobacterium tumefaciens ICR 1660. The enzyme required NAD(+) and was specific for l-lysine. The enzyme was optimally active at about pH 9.7.
Synthesis, reactions, and spectroscopic properties of benzimidazoles (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, reactions, and spectroscopic properties of benzimidazolesP. N. PrestonCite this: Chem. Rev. 1974, 74, 3, 279–314Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60289a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60289a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3922Altmetric-Citations397LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Peptide Based Vaccine Approaches for Cancer—A Novel Approach Using a WT-1 Synthetic Long Peptide and the IRX-2 Immunomodulatory Regimen (2011)

Therapeutic cancer vaccines have the potential to generate a long lasting immune response that will destroy tumor cells with specificity and safety, in contrast to many other current cancer therapies. Clinical success to date has been limited by a number of factors including choice of immunogenic cancer rejection antigens, optimization of vaccine platforms and immune adjuvants to effectively polarize the immune response, and incorporation of strategies to reverse cancer mediated immune suppression by utilization of effective adjuvant/immune modulators. WT-1 (Wilms' tumor gene 1) is a cancer antigen that is required for tumorigenesis, expressed in a high percentage of tumor cells and rarely expressed in adult normal cells. Moreover spontaneous immunity to WT-1 is seen in cancer patients and can be augmented with various therapeutic vaccine approaches. IRX-2 is an immune modulator with demonstrated preclinical and clinical pleiotropic immune activities including enhancement of the immune response to potential tumor antigens. This paper presents the rationale and preclinical data for utilizing the WT-1 tumor antigen in a novel vaccine platform consisting of a synthetic long peptide containing multiple class I and class II epitopes in combination with the IRX-2 immunomodulatory regimen to overcome immuno-suppressive pathways and enhance the anti-tumor response.
Correction of prototypic ATM splicing mutations and aberrant ATM function with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (2007)

We used antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (AMOs) to redirect and restore normal splicing of three prototypic splicing mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ( ATM ) gene. Two of the mutations activated cryptic 5′ or 3′ splice sites within exonic regions; the third mutation activated a downstream 5′ splice site leading to pseudoexon inclusion of a portion of intron 28. AMOs were targeted to aberrant splice sites created by the mutations; this effectively restored normal ATM splicing at the mRNA level and led to the translation of full-length, functional ATM protein for at least 84 h in the three cell lines examined, as demonstrated by immunoblotting, ionizing irradiation-induced autophosphorylation of ATM, and transactivation of ATM substrates. Ionizing irradiation-induced cytotoxicity was markedly abrogated after AMO exposure. The ex vivo data strongly suggest that the disease-causing molecular pathogenesis of such prototypic mutations is not the amino acid change of the protein but the mutated DNA code itself, which alters splicing. Such prototypic splicing mutations may be correctable in vivo by systemic administration of AMOs and may provide an approach to customized, mutation-based treatment for ataxia-telangiectasia and other genetic disorders.
Long-term follow-up of hematologic relapse-free survival in a phase 2 study of blinatumomab in patients with MRD in B-lineage ALL (2012)

Persistence or recurrence of minimal residual disease (MRD) after chemotherapy results in clinical relapse in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In a phase 2 trial of B-lineage ALL patients with persistent or relapsed MRD, a T cell-engaging bispecific Ab construct induced an 80% MRD response rate. In the present study, we show that after a median follow-up of 33 months, the hematologic relapse-free survival of the entire evaluable study cohort of 20 patients was 61% (Kaplan-Meier estimate). The hema-tologic relapse-free survival rate of a subgroup of 9 patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after blinatumomab treatment was 65% (Kaplan-Meier estimate). Of the subgroup of 6 Philadelphia chromosome-negative MRD responders with no further therapy after blinatumomab, 4 are in ongoing hematologic and molecular remission. We conclude that blinatumomab can induce long-lasting complete remission in B-lineage ALL patients with persistent or recurrent MRD. The original study and this follow-up study are registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00198991 and NCT00198978, respectively.