gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Target Estimation Using Sparse Modeling for Distributed MIMO Radar (2011)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems with widely separated antennas provide spatial diversity by viewing the targets from different angles. In this paper, we use a novel approach to accurately estimate properties (position, velocity) of multiple targets using such systems by employing sparse modeling. We also introduce a new metric to analyze the performance of the radar system. We propose an adaptive mechanism for optimal energy allocation at the different transmit antennas. We show that this adaptive energy allocation mechanism significantly improves in performance over MIMO radar systems that transmit fixed equal energy across all the antennas. We also demonstrate accurate reconstruction from very few samples by using compressive sensing at the receivers.
The Role in Cell Binding of a β1-bend within the Triple Helical Region in Collagen αl(I) Chain: Structural and Biological Evidence for Conformational Tautomerism on Fiber Surface (1997)

In its physiological solid state, type I collagen serves as a host for many types of cells. Only the molecules on fiber surface are available for interaction. In this interfacial environment, the conformation of a cell binding domain can be expected to fluctuate between the collagen fold and a distinctive non-collagen molecular marker for recognition and allosteric binding. If the cell binding domain can be localized in contiguous residues within the exposed half of a turn of the triple helix (approximately 15 residues), the need for extensive structural modification and unraveling of the triple helix is avoided. We examined the conformational preferences and biological activity of a synthetic 15-residue peptide (P-15), analogous to the sequence 766GTPGPQGIAGQRGVV780 in the alpha 1 (I) chain. Theoretical studies showed a high potential for a stable beta-bend for the central GIAG sequence. The flanking sequences showed facile transition to extended conformations. Circular dichroism of the synthetic peptide in anisotropic solvents confirmed the presence of beta-strand and beta-bend structures. P-15 inhibited fibroblast binding to collagen in a concentration dependent manner, with near maximal inhibition occurring at a concentration of 7.2 x 10(-6) M. The temporal pattern of cell attachment was altered markedly in the presence of P-15. No inhibition was seen with a peptide P-15(AI), an analogue of P-15 with the central IA residues reversed to AI or with collagen-related peptides (Pro-Pro-Gly)10, (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10, and polyproline, and with several unrelated peptides. Our studies suggest a molecular mechanism for cell binding to collagen fibers based on a conformational transition in collagen molecules on the fiber surface. Since the energy barrier between the collagen fold and beta-strand conformation is low, a local conformational change may be possible in molecules on the fiber surface because of their location in an anisotropic environment. Our observations also suggest that the sequence incorporated in P-15 may be a specific ligand for cells. Unlike other reported cell binding peptides, the residues involved in this interaction are non-polar.
ATM is a cytoplasmic protein in mouse brain required to prevent lysosomal accumulation (2000)

We previously generated a mouse model with a mutation in the murine Atm gene that recapitulates many aspects of the childhood neurodegenerative disease ataxia-telangiectasia. Atm-deficient (Atm-/-) mice show neurological defects detected by motor function tests including the rota-rod, open-field tests and hind-paw footprint analysis. However, no gross histological abnormalities have been observed consistently in the cerebellum of any line of Atm-/- mice analyzed in most laboratories. Therefore, it may be that the neurologic dysfunction found in these animals is associated with predegenerative lesions. We performed a detailed analysis of the cerebellar morphology in two independently generated lines of Atm-/- mice to determine whether there was evidence of neuronal abnormality. We found a significant increase in the number of lysosomes in Atm-/- mice in the absence of any detectable signs of neuronal degeneration or other ultrastructural anomalies. In addition, we found that the ATM protein is predominantly cytoplasmic in Purkinje cells and other neurons, in contrast to the nuclear localization of ATM protein observed in cultured cells. The cytoplasmic localization of ATM in Purkinje cells is similar to that found in human cerebellum. These findings suggest that ATM may be important as a cytoplasmic protein in neurons and that its absence leads to abnormalities of cytoplasmic organelles reflected as an increase in lysosomal numbers.
Diagnostic value and diagnostic criteria of 18F-FDG PET-CT in adrenal metastasis (2012)

Objective To investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis of the adrenal metastasis and study its diagnostic criteria.Methods Fifty-nine patients with adrenal metastasis and 18 patients with adrenal benign tumor underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT,all of the adrenal lesion's diameter and FDG maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax),SUVmax of normal liver were measured and analyzed comprehensively.All lesions underwent biopsy after operation or follow-up in clinic or imaging diagnosis for final diagnosis.Results There were 78 adrenal lesions of 59 cases with adrenal metastasis,and 21 adrenal lesions of 18 cases with adrenal benign.The SUVmax of adrenals metastasis was 7.05 ±5.26,while benign tumor was 2.27±1.35,statistical significant difference was found between the 2 groups (t=7.199,P＜0.01 ).The short diameter of adrenal metastasis was ( 1.66±0.91 ) cm,benign tumor was ( 1.52±1.05 ) cm,there was no statistical significant difference between the 2 groups (t=0.529,P＞0.05 ).Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that using lesion's SUVmax ＞3.1 as the diagnostic criteria of benign and metastatic adrenal lesions,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET- CT in diagnosis of adrenals metastasis were 83.3％,90.5％ and 84.9％,respectively.But if using the SUVmax of adrenal lesion exceeds normal liver tissue as the diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 96.2％,90.5％ and 95.0％.For adrenals metastasis,the correlation coefficient between lesion size (short diameter) and SUVmax was 0.501.Among all 59 cases with adrenal metastasis,30(50.8％) patients' lesions in the left adrenal gland,10(16.9％) in the right side and 19 (32.2％) in the both sides.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has high sensitivity andaccurate in diagnosis of adrenal metastasis,and the SUVmax of adrenal lesion exceeds normal liver tissue is a better diagnostic criteria.The size of adrenal metastasis lesions has certain correlation with its SUVmax and the lesions often in the left side gland and lung cancer is the more common primary tumor.

Key words: 
Adrenal gland neoplasms;  Neoplasm metastasis;  Positron-emission tomography;  Tomography, X-ray computed;  Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
NEUROTROPHIN-3 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN PANCREATIC CANCERS (1997)

Some neurotrophic factors stimulate process outgrowth in peripheral and/or central nerve fibres. There is no published report that has focused on the expression of neurotrophic factors in human pancreatic cancer except basic fibroblast growth factor. This study was therefore designed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), which is one of the representative neurotrophic factors. The mRNA level for NT-3 was first investigated in eight pancreatic cancers and two samples of normal pancreas, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NT-3 protein expression was then studied in 47 human pancreatic cancers, using a monoclonal antibody against human NT-3 protein. There was a notable difference in the level of NT-3 mRNA between normal and pancreatic carcinoma tissues, with no evident difference in the expression of the beta-actin gene. Immunohistochemically, 34 of 47 pancreatic cancers (72 per cent) were mildly to markedly immunoreactive for NT-3 in the cytoplasma. Immunoreactivity was usually more pronounced at the infiltrative margins of the tumours. These observations suggest that pancreatic carcinoma overexpresses NT-3.
The Local Electrostatic Environment Determines Cysteine Reactivity of Tubulin (2002)

Of the 20 cysteines of rat brain tubulin, some react rapidly with sulfhydryl reagents, and some react slowly. The fast reacting cysteines cannot be distinguished with [14C]iodoacetamide, N-[(14)C]ethylmaleimide, or IAEDANS ([5-((((2-iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl)amino) naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid]), since modification to mole ratios 1 cysteine/dimer always leads to labeling of 6-7 cysteine residues. These have been identified as Cys-305alpha, Cys-315alpha, Cys-316alpha, Cys-347alpha, Cys-376alpha, Cys-241beta, and Cys-356beta by mass spectroscopy and sequencing. This lack of specificity can be ascribed to reagents that are too reactive; only with the relatively inactive chloroacetamide could we identify Cys-347alpha as the most reactive cysteine of tubulin. Using the 3.5-A electron diffraction structure, it could be shown that the reactive cysteines were within 6.5 A of positively charged arginines and lysines or the positive edges of aromatic rings, presumably promoting dissociation of the thiol to the thiolate anion. By the same reasoning the inactivity of a number of less reactive cysteines could be ascribed to inhibition of modification by negatively charged local environments, even with some surface-exposed cysteines. We conclude that the local electrostatic environment of cysteine is an important, although not necessarily the only, determinant of its reactivity.
Oligo(trimethylene carbonate)-Based Supramolecular Biomaterials (2006)

A supramolecular polymer system is presented in which relatively short trimethylene carbonate (TMC) prepolymers are linked via reversible quadruple hydrogen bonding ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) moieties. Several UPy-modified bifunctional and trifunctional TMC polymers were synthesized. Tunability of the mechanical and thermal properties was achieved by mixing different trifunctional UPy−TMC with bifunctional UPy−TMC polymers. The concentration of UPy groups influenced the crystallization behavior of the materials. The UPy-modified TMC polymers displayed melting endotherms, which are caused by aggregation of the UPy units into small crystallites. It is assumed that the UPy dimers stack in the lateral direction due to urethane hydrogen bonding. Atomic force microscopy confirmed the presence of fiberlike stacks. These crystallites give the material its mechanical strength and prevent flowing of the material after processing into 3D scaffolds. More importantly, these polymers can be processed quite easily at slightly elevated temperatures. Because of the strong temperature dependence of the reversible nature of the hydrogen bonds, their melt viscosities are low, while at temperatures below 50 °C excellent mechanical properties are found as a result of supramolecular, physical cross-linking. The UPy−TMC polymers are shown to be biocompatible and fibroblasts proliferate well on drop cast films of UPy−TMC. Thus, these novel supramolecular UPy−TMC polymers are very promising, biocompatible, tunable, and easily processable biomaterials for applications such as tissue engineering.
An XML transfer schema for exchange of genomic and genetic mapping data: implementation as a web service in a Taverna workflow (2009)

The data exchange standard we present here provides a useful generic format for transfer and integration of genomic and genetic mapping data. The extensibility of our schema allows for inclusion of additional data and provides a mechanism for typing mapping objects via third party standards. Web services retrieving GMD-compliant mapping data demonstrate that use of this exchange standard provides a practical mechanism for achieving data integration, by facilitating syntactically and semantically-controlled access to the data.
Metformin attenuates ovarian cancer cell growth in an AMP‐kinase dispensable manner (2009)

Metformin, the most widely used drug for type 2 diabetes activates 59 adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates cellular energy metabolism. Here, we report that ovarian cell lines VOSE, A2780, CP70, C200, OV202, OVCAR3, SKOV3ip, PE01 and PE04 predominantly express -α(1), -β(1), -γ(1) and -γ(2) isoforms of AMPK subunits. Our studies show that metformin treatment (1) significantly inhibited proliferation of diverse chemo-responsive and -resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, CP70, C200, OV202, OVCAR3, SKVO3ip, PE01 and PE04), (2) caused cell cycle arrest accompanied by decreased cyclin D1 and increased p21 protein expression, (3) activated AMPK in various ovarian cancer cell lines as evident from increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and its downstream substrate; acetyl co-carboxylase (ACC) and enhanced β-oxidation of fatty acid and (4) attenuated mTOR-S6RP phosphorylation, inhibited protein translational and lipid biosynthetic pathways, thus implicating metformin as a growth inhibitor of ovarian cancer cells. We also show that metformin-mediated effect on AMPK is dependent on liver kinase B1 (LKB1) as it failed to activate AMPK-ACC pathway and cell cycle arrest in LKB1 null mouse embryo fibroblasts (mefs). This observation was further supported by using siRNA approach to down-regulate LKB1 in ovarian cancer cells. In contrast, met formin inhibited cell proliferation in both wild-type and AMPKα(1/2) null mefs as well as in AMPK silenced ovarian cancer cells. Collectively, these results provide evidence on the role of metformin as an anti-proliferative therapeutic that can act through both AMPK-dependent as well as AMPK-independent pathways.
Occupational hydrocarbon exposure among fathers of Prader-Willi syndrome patients with and without deletions of 15q. (1989)

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multiple-anomaly disorder in which 50%-70% of cases are associated with a de novo interstitial deletion [del 15(q11-13)] on prometaphase cytogenetic analysis, the remainder having apparently normal chromosomes. In most instances, the paternally derived chromosome has become deleted in the affected child, suggesting the possibility of a predisposing environmental factor. Strakowski and Butler found an increased incidence of paternal periconceptional employment in hydrocarbon-exposing occupations in this population. This observation may suggest a causal relationship to PWS. To determine whether this association may distinguish the cytogenetically different groups, we identified 81 patients with the disorder who were physically and cytogenetically examined in three centers, and we compared the frequency of possible periconceptional occupational hydrocarbon exposure between fathers of patients who demonstrate a 15q deletion and those who do not. There was no statistically significant difference between the cytogenetically different groups. In both groups, approximately half of the fathers had been employed in hydrocarbon-exposing jobs. These findings suggest lack of etiologic heterogeneity between the cytogenetically different groups for PWS and affirm the need to seek submicroscopic deletions through molecular genetic studies. These data also provide additional evidence that hydrocarbon exposure among fathers of children with PWS may be causally related to the disorder, and they also suggest the need for more accurate assessment of exposure via a large, controlled study.
A Proactive System for Real-Time Safety Management in Construction Sites (2009)

The purpose of this paper is presenting a new advanced hardware/software system, boasting two main features: first it performs real time tracking of workers' routes in construction sites; then it implements an algorithm for preventing workers to be involved in hazardous situations. This research step is part of a wider ongoing research concerning the development of a new generation of advanced construction management systems, allowing for real-time monitoring and coordination of tasks, automatic health and safety management, on-site delivering of technical information, capture of as-built documentation. Exploiting the high accuracy provided by the UWB system responsible for position tracking and successfully tested in previous research, our software interface is able to graphically reproduce (and store) the travel patterns of workers. Moreover, it constantly checks if they are accessing hazardous areas, using an algorithm based on a predictive approach: it is conceived to predict in advance whether any worker is approaching a forbidden area, in fact performing virtual fencing. This approach could be easily extended to other applications, too. Some preliminary tests simulated in the DACS laboratory are described and the obtained results discussed.
Studies of third-order optical nonlinearities of model compounds containing benzothiazole, benzimidazole and benzoxazole units (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of third-order optical nonlinearities of model compounds containing benzothiazole, benzimidazole and benzoxazole unitsMingtang Zhao, Marek Samoc, Paras N. Prasad, Bruce A. Reinhardt, Marilyn R. Unroe, Mark Prazak, Robert C. Evers, James J. Kane, Chetan Jariwala, and Mark SinskyCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 6, 670–678Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00012a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Accurate ac transistor charecterization to 110 GHz using a new four-post self-calibrated extraction technique (2005)

A new self-calibrated extraction technique for transistor characterization to 110 GHz is presented. This technique offers an on-wafer, four-port extraction approach which greatly improves the measurement accuracy at high frequencies (e.g., f > 30 GHz). In contrast to conventional parasitics-deembedding methodologies (i.e. "open-short"), the present technique requires no additional calibration (e.g., SOLT, LRRM, or TRL) before measurements. The proposed method is first simulated, and then applied to 110 GHz S-parameter measurements of state-of-the-art SiGe HBTs to demonstrate its utility. The results, both theoretical and experimental, show that the proposed method represents a robust, self-calibrated approach for obtaining better accuracy in MM-wave transistor characterization.
Structure and the Promoter Region of the Mouse Gene Encoding the 67-kD Form of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (1996)

We have cloned and determined the complete structure of the murine gene encoding the 67-kD form of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), the gamma-aminobutyric acid synthetic enzyme. Its coding region comprises 18 exons spanning 42 kb of genomic DNA. Exon 1 together with 64 bp of exon 2 defines the 5' untranslated region of GAD67 mRNA. Exon 18 specifies the protein's carboxyl terminal and the entire 3' untranslated region. Exons 7/A and 7/B are solely contained in the coding regions of two alternatively spliced bicistronic embryonic mRNAs, which code for the truncated embryonic GAD forms. The promoter region (P1) corresponding to the main group of transcription initiation sites is devoid of TATA and CAAT boxes but has putative binding sites for the transcription factor SP1 and is embedded in a large G + C-rich domain of a CpG island, features shared by the promoters of constitutively expressed housekeeping genes. Primer extension data suggests the existence of additional transcription start sites at 130 bp and 295 bp upstream from the major initiation site that are utilized less frequently in adult brain. The tentative distal promoters (P2 and P3) that correspond to the minor start sites resemble tissue-specific promoters with TATA and CAAT-like boxes. In 1.3 kb of the 5'-upstream region, we identified several putative transcription factor binding sites such as AP2, Hox, E-box, egr-1, and NF-kappaB and putative neuronal-specific regulatory elements, including the neuronal-restrictive silencer element, which may have functional significance in the developmental and tissue-specific expression of the GAD67 gene.
Airway Epithelial Progenitors Are Region Specific and Show Differential Responses to Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury (2012)

Mechanisms that regulate regional epithelial cell diversity and pathologic remodeling in airways are poorly understood. We hypothesized that regional differences in cell composition and injury-related tissue remodeling result from the type and composition of local progenitors. We used surface markers and the spatial expression pattern of an SFTPC-GFP transgene to subset epithelial progenitors by airway region. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression ranged from undetectable to high in a proximal-to-distal gradient. GFP(hi) cells were subdivided by CD24 staining into alveolar (CD24(neg)) and conducting airway (CD24(low)) populations. This allowed for the segregation of three types of progenitors displaying distinct clonal behavior in vitro. GFP(neg) and GFP(low) progenitors both yielded lumen containing colonies but displayed transcriptomes reflective of pseudostratified and distal conducting airways, respectively. CD24(low)GFP(hi) progenitors were present in an overlapping distribution with GFP(low) progenitors in distal airways, yet expressed lower levels of Sox2 and expanded in culture to yield undifferentiated self-renewing progeny. Colony-forming ability was reduced for each progenitor cell type after in vivo bleomycin exposure, but only CD24(low) GFP(hi) progenitors showed robust expansion during tissue remodeling. These data reveal intrinsic differences in the properties of regional progenitors and suggest that their unique responses to tissue damage drive local tissue remodeling.
Immunization Using Autologous Dendritic Cells Pulsed with the Melanoma-Associated Antigen gp100-Derived G280-9V Peptide Elicits CD8+ Immunity (2005)

The high rate of immunization as measured by three independent assays and the occurrence of clinical regression support continued investigation of G280-9V peptide as a candidate epitope in melanoma vaccine formulations.
The Chemistry and Biology of Nitroxyl (HNO): A Chemically Unique Species with Novel and Important Biological Activity (2004)

Small species, big impact. Nitroxyl (HNO) is chemically unique and biologically important. In the past few years, major discoveries of its novel biological actions have been made as well as revelations regarding its fundamental chemistry. These new findings, for example those relating to the relative energies of the various nitroxyl species (see figure) are presented and discussed.