gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Role of the Mother Centriole in Centriole Biogenesis (2007)

Centrioles duplicate once in each cell division cycle through so-called templated or canonical duplication. SAK, also called PLK4 (SAK/PLK4), a kinase implicated in tumor development, is an upstream regulator of canonical biogenesis necessary for centriole formation. We found that overexpression of SAK/PLK4 could induce amplification of centrioles in Drosophila embryos and their de novo formation in unfertilized eggs. Both processes required the activity of DSAS-6 and DSAS-4, two molecules required for canonical duplication. Thus, centriole biogenesis is a template-free self-assembly process triggered and regulated by molecules that ordinarily associate with the existing centriole. The mother centriole is not a bona fide template but a platform for a set of regulatory molecules that catalyzes and regulates daughter centriole assembly.
A New SV40-Based Vector Developed for cDNA Expression in Animal Cells (1987)

A useful vector, pAGE103, has been developed for the expression of cDNA in animal cells using the simian virus 40 (SV40) expression signals. cDNA could be expressed easily by inserting it into the multiple cloning sites (HindIII, SalI/AccI, XbaI, BamHI, SmaI/XmaI, KpnI/Asp718, SacI and EcoRI) of the vector, which are located between the SV40 early promoter and the SV40 early RNA processing signals for splicing and polyadenylation. In addition to the above transcription unit, pAGE103 contains the replication origin of ColE1, and a dual KmR/G418R selective gene. Several unique restriction sites are located on the boundaries between the above-mentioned three components of the vector, allowing the easy substitution or insertion of other genetic elements. The human interferon-beta gene was inserted into pAGE103 and shown to be expressed transiently in COS-1 cells and stably in several animal cell lines.
Efficacy of gabapentin in the management of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (2007)

This trial failed to demonstrate any benefit to using gabapentin to treat symptoms caused by CIPN.
Fortification of Human Milk (1995)

Human milk fed to very-low-birth-weight infants must be fortified with protein, minerals, and vitamins. We tested a new fortification regimen in which the amount of fortifier was adjusted on the basis of frequent determinations of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). A newly formulated fortifier based on bovine milk proteins was employed either in the new fashion (regimen ADJ) or in the conventional fixed proportion (regimen FIX). Using the fixed proportion, the study also compared the new fortifier with a fortifier based on human milk protein (regimen HMP). Twelve infants were studied with each of the three regimens; nearly all completed 3 weeks of study. Protein intake was generally higher in ADJ than FIX; the difference was significant (p < 0.01) during week 2. Weight gain was somewhat (but not significantly) greater in regimen ADJ (32.3 g/d or 18.8 g/kg/d) than in regimen FIX (30.0 g/d or 18.3 g/kg/d). SUN was higher in ADJ than in FIX, and several other serum chemical values (calcium, phosphorus, potassium) tended to be higher, probably reflecting higher intakes of these nutrients with ADJ than with FIX. Plasma concentrations of several amino acids were higher in ADJ than FIX, but none, including threonine, were outside the physiological range. In comparing regimen FIX to regimen HMP, infants on FIX received similar intakes of protein and showed slightly but not significantly more rapid weight gain. Concentrations of SUN were lower with FIX, but other serum chemical values, including amino acids, were generally similar to HMP. We conclude that use of the new adjustable fortification regimen is feasible and safe and that it should be studied further. It produced the expected increases in nutrient intakes and growth. The new bovine milk-based fortifier appears to be equivalent to the human milk-based fortifier.
DNA STRAND BREAKS IN MAMMALIAN CELLS EXPOSED TO LIGHT IN THE PRESENCE OF RIBOFLAVIN AND TRYPTOPHAN (1979)

Abstract— When mammalian cells were exposed to visible‐fluorescent light or near‐UV light in the medium containing riboflavin and L‐tryptophan, single‐strand breaks appeared in their DNA. This did not occur if either riboflavin or tryptophan was omitted from the medium. The same effect was observed when cells were added to the pre‐irradiated medium, indicating that a stable photoproduct was responsible. The induced DNA lesions were shown to be equally repairable in both excision proficient and defective (xeroderma pigmentosum) human cell lines. The active photoproduct formed was shown to be hydrogen peroxide. The possible relationship between these results and the near‐UV induced killing of mammalian cells is discussed.
Elevation of Angiotensin-II Type-1-Receptor Autoantibodies Titer in Primary Aldosteronism as a Result of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma (2012)

The mechanisms of excess aldosterone secretion in primary aldosteronism (PA) remain poorly understood, although a role for circulating factors has been hypothesized for decades. Agonistic autoantibodies against type-1 angiotensin-II receptor (AT1AA) are detectable in malignant hypertension and preeclampsia and might play a role in PA. Moreover, if they were elevated in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and not in idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), they might be useful for discriminating between these conditions. To test these hypotheses, we measured the titer of AT1AA in serum of 46 patients with PA (26 with APA, 20 with IHA), 62 with primary hypertension (PH), 13 preeclamptic women, and 45 healthy normotensive blood donors.We found that the AT1AA titer was higher (P<0.05) in both PA and PH patients (2.65 ± 1.55 and 1.86 ± 0.63, respectively) than in normotensive subjects (1.00 ± 0.20). In APA, it was 2-fold higher than in IHA patients (3.43 ± 1.20 versus 1.64 ± 1.39, respectively, P<0.001), despite similar blood pressure values. Of note, it allowed effective discrimination of APA from either PH or IHA, as shown by Receiver Operator Characteristics curve analysis. Moreover, after captopril challenge, plasma aldosterone concentration fell more in AT1AA-positive than in AT1AA-negative PA patients (-32.4% [21.1-42.9] versus 0.0% [0.0-22.6], P=0.015), suggesting an agonistic role for these autoantibodies. Thus, a higher serum AT1AA titer in patients with APA than in IHA and PH patients can be useful in differentiating APA patients from either PH or IHA, and thus in selecting PA patients to be submitted to adrenal vein sampling.
Quantitative multi-gene expression profiling of primary prostate cancer (2006)

The transcript marker PCA3 is a powerful predictor of primary PCa but the inclusion of EZH2, prostein, and TRPM8 adds even more to the diagnostic power. The finding of a significantly higher mRNA expression of three different genes (prostein, PSA, TRPM8) in organ-confined tumors compared to non-organ-confined tumors as well as the multi-marker PCa prediction model developed in the retrospective model system on prostatectomies could be of clinical importance for diagnostic purposes, and should be verified in diagnostic biopsies.
Targeted mutation in the neurotrophin-3 gene results in loss of muscle sensory neurons. (1994)

Neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) is one of four related polypeptide growth factors that share structural and functional homology to nerve growth factor (NGF). NT-3 and its receptor, called neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 3 (Ntrk3; also called TrkC), are expressed early and throughout embryogenesis. We have inactivated the NT-3 gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells by homologous recombination. The mutated allele has been transmitted through the mouse germ line, and heterozygote intercrosses have yielded homozygous mutant newborn pups. The NT-3-deficient mutants fail to thrive and exhibit severe neurological dysfunction. Analysis of mutant embryos uncovers loss of Ntrk3/TrkC-expressing sensory neurons and abnormalities at early stages of sensory neuronal development. NT-3-deficient mice will permit further study of the role of this neurotrophin in neural development.
Engineering therapeutic antibodies for improved function (2002)

The binding sites on human IgG1 for human Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) I, Fc gamma RIIa, Fc gamma RIIb, Fc gamma RIIIa and neonatal FcR have been mapped. A common set of IgG1 residues is involved in binding to all Fc gamma Rs, while Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII utilize distinct sites outside this common set. In addition to residues which abrogated binding to the Fc gamma R, several positions were found which improved binding only to specific Fc gamma Rs or simultaneously improved binding to one type of Fc gamma R and reduced binding to another type. Selected IgG1 variants with improved binding to Fc gamma RIIIa were then tested in an in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay and showed an enhancement in ADCC when either peripheral blood mononuclear cells or natural killer cells were used.
Key Technologies of WDM-PON for Future Converged Optical Broadband Access Networks [Invited] (2009)

The wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) is considered to be the next evolutionary solution for a simplified and future-proofed access system that can accommodate exponential traffic growth and bandwidth-hungry new applications. WDM-PON mitigates the complicated time-sharing and power budget issues in time-division-multiplexed PON (TDM-PON) by providing virtual point-to-point optical connectivity to multiple end users through a dedicated pair of wavelengths. There are a few hurdles to overcome before WDM-PON sees widespread deployment. Several key enabling technologies for converged WDM-PON systems are demonstrated, including the techniques for longer reach, higher data rate, and higher spectral efficiency. The cost-efficient architectures are designed for single-source systems and resilient protection for traffic restoration. We also develop the integrated schemes with radio-over-fiber (RoF)-based optical-wireless access systems to serve both fixed and mobile users in the converged optical platform.
History-effect-conscious SPICE model extraction for PD-SOI technology (2005)

This work presents explicit fitting guidelines for AC and DC characteristics, specifically focused on accurate modeling of the history effects in the PD-SOI CMOS circuits. The body potential of the PD-SOI device is primarily determined by the diode current, gate-body current, impact ionization current, junction capacitance, and gate-body capacitance. This paper also discusses artifacts associated with the parasitic currents and highly-resistive thin-body of the PD-SOI.
Identification and characterization of a varicella-zoster virus DNA-binding protein by using antisera directed against a predicted synthetic oligopeptide (1988)

We have identified, in varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected cells, the product of the gene predicted to code for the VZV analog of the herpes simplex virus major DNA-binding protein. The open reading frame of the VZV gene has the potential to code for a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 132,000 (a 132K protein). To detect the protein, a 12-amino-acid oligopeptide corresponding to the carboxyl terminus of the putative open reading frame was synthesized and used to prepare antisera in rabbits. The resulting antibodies reacted specifically in Western immunoblot analysis and immunoprecipitation with a single 130K polypeptide found in VZV-infected cells. The specific reactivity of the antisera with the 130K polypeptide was inhibited by the addition of synthetic peptide. Immunofluorescence studies with the antisera as probe for the 130K polypeptide suggested that this peptide is located predominantly within the nuclei of infected cells. Analysis of proteins that bind to single-stranded DNA immobilized on cellulose matrices indicated that 30 to 50% of the 130K polypeptide is capable of interacting with single-stranded DNA and that this interaction is overcome with 0.5 M NaCl. Thus, we have prepared a specific polyclonal antiserum that identifies a VZV DNA-binding protein whose properties are similar to those of the herpes simplex virus ICP8 (Vmw130) DNA-binding protein.
Proteolysis in Mixed Organic−Aqueous Solvent Systems:  Applications for Peptide Mass Mapping Using Mass Spectrometry (2001)

The rate of protein digestion imposes significant limitations on high-throughput protein identification using mass spectrometry. In this report, we demonstrate that proteins are readily digested by trypsin in the presence of organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, 2-propanol, and acetonitrile. The rates of protein digestion in organic solvents, as indicated by the abundances of digest fragment ions in the mass spectrum, are increased relative to aqueous solution. In addition, amino acid coverage for the analyzed proteins increases in the presence of the organic solvents, and proteins that are resistant to proteolysis are readily digested. For example, a 68% amino acid sequence coverage was attained from a tryptic digest of myoglobin in < 5 min from an 80% acetonitrile solution, whereas no digest fragments were detected from a 5 min digestion in an aqueous solution. Moreover, the tryptic digestion of a complex protein mixture in an organic-aqueous solvent system showed significantly enhanced digestion for nearly all of the protein components. Enzymatic digestion in an organic-aqueous solvent system is a rapid, simple, and effective peptide mass-mapping technique.
Postprandial plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot study (1998)

These findings indicate that there may be a difference in the way that 5-HT is released in patients with diarrhoea predominant IBS, and could suggest a possible role for 5-HT in the postprandial symptoms of these patients.
Towards effective nonlinear cryptosystem design (1988)

The paper is devoted to designing nonlinear Boolean functions. The first part reviews the case of Boolean functions of n variables. The second part addresses the problem of the generation of Boolean permutations to obtain the collection of nonlinear Boolean functions.
Direct Observation of the Deformation and the Band Gap Change from an Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube under Uniaxial Strain (2007)

We have fabricated a new device for applying uniaxial strain to an individual suspended SWNT, and the form and the photoluminescence (PL) of an individual suspended SWNT under stretching are investigated. The processes of deformation and break of a SWNT under stretching are directly observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From the PL measurements, the emission energy shifts due to the band gap change are measured under the elastic strain. The behaviors of the emission shifts can be related to the deformation processes observed by SEM. Moreover, the emission intensity reduction due to the elastic strain of a SWNT is also observed just before breaking.
Learning Styles of Pharmacists: Impact on Career Decisions, Practice Patterns and Teaching Method Preferences (2004)

This study examined possible associations between learning styles of pharmacists (as identified through Kolb’s Learning Styles Inventory (LSI) and the Pharmacists’ Inventory of Learning Styles (PILS)) and career decisions, practice patterns and teaching method preferences. A total of 166 pharmacists were involved in this study and completed either the LSI or the PILS, and a supplemental questionnaire. Of them, 33.7% of the respondents were identified as Assimilators, 32.5% as Convergers, 21.1% as Divergers and 12.1% as Accommodators. Results suggest that there is a statistically significant correlation between identified learning style and teaching method preferences as well as years since graduation. While there was no statistically significant correlation between learning styles and gender, career decisions or practice patterns, there does appear to be a trend that warrants further investigation. Implications for delivery of continuing education are discussed, since learning preferences for each group varied considerably.
Characterization of Somatic Mutations in Air Pollution-Related Lung Cancer (2015)

Air pollution has been classified as Group 1 carcinogenic to humans, but the underlying tumorigenesis remains unclear. In Xuanwei City of Yunnan Province, the lung cancer incidence is among the highest in China attributed to severe air pollution generated by combustion of smoky coal, providing a unique opportunity to dissect lung carcinogenesis of air pollution. Here we analyzed the somatic mutations of 164 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) from Xuanwei and control regions (CR) where smoky coal was not used. Whole genome sequencing revealed a mean of 289 somatic exonic mutations per tumor and the frequent C:G → A:T nucleotide substitutions in Xuanwei NSCLCs. Exome sequencing of 2010 genes showed that Xuanwei and CR NSCLCs had a mean of 68 and 22 mutated genes per tumor, respectively (p < 0.0001). We found 167 genes (including TP53, RYR2, KRAS, CACNA1E) which had significantly higher mutation frequencies in Xuanwei than CR patients, and mutations in most genes in Xuanwei NSCLCs differed from those in CR cases. The mutation rates of 70 genes (e.g., RYR2, MYH3, GPR144, CACNA1E) were associated with patients' lifetime benzo(a)pyrene exposure. This study uncovers the mutation spectrum of air pollution-related lung cancers, and provides evidence for pollution exposure-genomic mutation relationship at a large scale.
Automated design of pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips under droplet-interference constraints (2007)

Microfluidics-based biochips, also referred to as lab-on-a-chip, are devices that integrate fluid-handling functions such as sample preparation, analysis, separation, and detection. This emerging technology combines electronics with biology to open new application areas such as point-of-care diagnosis, on-chip DNA analysis, and automated drug discovery. We propose a design automation method for pin-constrained biochips that manipulate nanoliter volumes of discrete droplets on a microfluidic array. In contrast to the direct-addressing scheme that has been studied thus far in the literature, we assign a small number of independent control pins to a large number of electrodes in the biochip, thereby reducing design complexity and product cost. The design procedure relies on a droplet-trace-based array partitioning scheme and an efficient pin assignment technique, referred to as the “Connect-5 algorithm.” The proposed method is evaluated using a set of multiplexed bioassays.
Free-Radical Reactions of Fluoroalkanesulfenyl Halides. II.1 Free-Radical Reactions of Trifluoromethanesulfenyl Chloride with Alkanes (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree-Radical Reactions of Fluoroalkanesulfenyl Halides. II.1 Free-Radical Reactions of Trifluoromethanesulfenyl Chloride with AlkanesJ. F. Harris Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 3, 931–935Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01341a070https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01341a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views471Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification and Comparative Analysis of Multiple Mammalian Speedy/Ringo Proteins (2004)

In addition to their activation via binding to cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) can be activated via binding to a novel cell cycle regulator termed Speedy/Ringo, which shows no apparent similarity to cyclins. The first Speedy/Ringo protein was found to be essential for Xenopus oocyte maturation and a human homolog (Spy1, herein called Speedy/ Ringo A1) regulates S-phase entry and cell survival after DNA damage in cultured somatic cells. We have identified a Speedy/Ringo-like gene in the most primitive branching clade of chordates (Ciona intestinalis), as well as four mammalian homologs. Of the mammalian proteins, two, Speedy/Ringo A and C, bind to Cdc2 and Cdk2, whereas Speedy/Ringo B binds preferentially to Cdc2. Despite their distinct CDK-binding preferences, both Speedy/Ringo A and B can promote the maturation of Xenopus oocytes and all three Speedy/Ringo proteins can bind to and activate CDKs in vivo. These mammalian Speedy/Ringo proteins exhibit distinct tissue expression patterns, though all three are enriched in testis, consistent with the initial observation that Xenopus Speedy/Ringo functions during meiosis. Speedy/Ringo A is widely expressed in tissues and cell lines. Speedy/Ringo B expression appears to be testis-specific. Speedy/Ringo C is expressed in diverse tissues, particularly those that undergo polyploidization. All Speedy/Ringo proteins share a highly conserved approximately 140-aa domain we term the Speedy/Ringo box that is essential for CDK binding. Point mutations in this domain abolish CDK binding. Besides the central Speedy/Ringo box, Speedy/Ringo A contains a C-terminal portion, which promotes CDK activation, and an N-terminal portion, which is dispersible for both CDK binding and activation but that influences protein expression. The existence of this growing family of CDK activators suggests that Speedy/Ringo proteins may play as complex a role in cell cycle control as the diverse family of cyclins.
Race-Specific Differences in Endothelial Function (2004)

Compared with whites, the steady-state NO/O2-/ONOO- balance in endothelial cells from blacks is kept closer to the redox states characteristic for the endothelium-impaired function disorders. This may explain the differences in racial predisposition to the endothelium dysfunction during ongoing vascular disturbances with the hallmark of enhanced NO inactivation within the endothelium by oxidative stress.