gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screen printing for the fabrication of organic light-emitting devices (2001)

Lower cost and high-throughput printing techniques, such as screen printing, have a great promise in the fabrication of organic light-emitting devices. We investigate the effects of solution viscosity and screen mesh count on the printed layer thickness and device performance. The results also demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, the use of screenprinting to deposit ultrathin layers of less than 15 nm with rms surface roughness of less than 1.5 nm.
Germ-line transmission of a planned alteration made in a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. (1989)

Embryonic stem cells (derived from 129/Ola mice) containing a mutant hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene that had been corrected in vitro in a planned manner by homologous recombination were injected into blastocysts obtained from C57BL/6J mice. The injected blastocysts were introduced into pseudopregnant female mice to complete their development. Eleven surviving pups were obtained. Nine were chimeras: six males and three females. Two of the males transmitted the embryonic stem cell genome containing the alteration in the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene to their offspring at high frequencies. These experiments demonstrate that a preplanned alteration in a chosen gene can be made in the germ line of an experimental animal by homologous recombination in an embryonic stem cell.
Pgp and FLT3: Identification and Modulation of Two Proteins that Lead to Chemotherapy Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2007)

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) comprises 80% of acute adult leukaemias and the disease has mostly an unfavourable outcome. Diagnostic criteria rely primarily on morphological classification, while prognostic evaluation is determined by cytogenetic methods. Survival is highly variable and it is a matter of debate, whether alternative therapeutic approaches may improve the effectiveness of conventional cytotoxic drug treatment. Two transmembrane proteins undoubtedly contribute to worse prognosis: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and FLT3. Pgp is a transmembrane, ATP-cassette binding efflux pump that efficiently removes structurally unrelated xenobiotics from leukaemic blasts. This leads to inefficiency towards several cytotoxic drugs, hence the phenomenon is called multidrug resistance. FLT3 is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase and an internal tandem duplication can considerably augment its kinase activity. Both mechanisms lead to chemotherapy resistance and significantly shorter survival; thus several studies have been designed to treat patients via therapeutic measures that neutralize these proteins. This review focuses on the pathophysiological phenomena and the detection methods of Pgp and FLT3 as well as on novel therapeutic strategies that are offered by their inhibition.
SPECTROMÈTRE A DEUX FABRY-PEROT ASSERVIS (1967)

Deux dispositifs d'asservissement sont décrits, permettant le premier de maintenir parallèles les lames d'un Fabry-Perot à balayage mécanique, le second de maintenir en coïncidence les bandes passantes des deux éléments d'un spectromètre à deux Fabry-Pérot. Les deux dispositifs consistent à maintenir en position fixe un système de franges de superposition (achromatiques dans le 2e cas).
Quantitative Profiling Method for Oxylipin Metabolome by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2009)

Cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and epoxygenase derived oxylipins, especially eicosanoids, play important roles in many physiological processes. Assessment of oxidized fatty acid levels is important for understanding their homeostatic and pathophysiological roles. Most reported methods examine these pathways in isolation. The work described here employed a solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization MS/MS (SPE-LC-ESI MS/MS) method to monitor these metabolites. In 21 min, 39 oxylipins were quantified along with eight corresponding internal standards. The limits of quantification were between 0.07 and 32 pg (20 pM-10 nM). Finally, the validated method was used to evaluate oxylipin profiles in lipopolysaccharide-exposed mice, an established septic inflammatory model. The method described here offers a useful tool for the evaluation of complex regulatory oxylipin responses in in vitro or in vivo studies.
A high-resolution high-frequency monolithic top-shooting microinjector free of satellite drops - part II: fabrication, implementation, and characterization (2002)

For pt. I, see ibid., vol. 11, no. 5, p. 427-36 (2002). Describes the fabrication, implementation and characterization of a thermal driven microinjector, featuring a bubble check valve and monolithic fabrication. Microfabrication of this microinjector is based on bulk/surface-combined micromachining of the silicon wafer, free of the bonding process that is commonly used in the fabrication of commercial printing head, so that even solvents and fuels can be ejected. Droplet ejection sequences of two microinjectors have been studied along with a commercial inkjet printhead for comparison. The droplet ejection of our microinjector with 10 /spl mu/m diameter nozzle has been characterized at a frequency over 35 kHz, at least 3 times higher than those of commercial counterparts. The droplet volume from this device is smaller than 1 pl, 10 times smaller than those of commercial inkjets employed in the consumer market at the time of testing. Visualization results have verified that our design, although far from being optimized, operates in the frequency several times higher than those of commercial products and reduces the crosstalk among neighboring chambers.
hsp110 Protects Heat-denatured Proteins and Confers Cellular Thermoresistance (1997)

The 110-kDa heat shock protein (hsp110) has long been recognized as one of the primary heat shock proteins in mammalian cells. It belongs to a recently described protein family that is a significantly diverged subgroup of the hsp70 family and has been found in organisms as diverse as yeast and mammals. We describe here the first analysis of the ability of hsp110 to protect cellular and molecular targets from heat damage. It was observed that the overexpression in vivo of hsp110 conferred substantial heat resistance to both Rat-1 and HeLa cells. In vitro heat denaturation and refolding assays demonstrate that hsp110 is highly efficient in selectively recognizing denatured proteins and maintaining them in a soluble, folding-competent state and is significantly more efficient in performing this function than is hsc70. hsp110-bound proteins can then be refolded by the addition of rabbit reticulocyte lysate or hsc70 and Hdj-1, whereas Hdj-1 does not itself function as a co-chaperone in folding with hsp110. hsp110 is one of the principal molecular chaperones of mammalian cells and represents a newly identified component of the primary protection/repair pathway for denatured proteins and thermotolerance expression in vivo.
<title>Improved Philips Air Sandwich Disk</title> (1983)

An improved configuration for the Philips Air Sandwich Disk&apos; is described that is compatible with high speed, high density recording. Major advantages include: improved balancing capability, more accurate and repeatable self-centering on the turntable spindle, flatter substrate profile during rotation, and relatively simple assembly without the requirement for accurate substrate tolerances. The centrifugally induced pressure gradient within the rotating air cavity and how the improved design deals with this phe-nomenon is addressed.
Signaling and Phosphorylation-impaired Mutants of the Rat Follitropin Receptor Reveal an Activation- and Phosphorylation-independent but Arrestin-dependent Pathway for Internalization (1998)

We have previously shown that the rat follitropin receptor (rFSHR) expressed in transfected cells becomes phosphorylated upon stimulation of the cells with agonist or a phorbol ester. Peptide mapping and mutagenesis studies have also shown that the agonist- or phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the rFSHR maps to Ser/Thr residues present in the first and third intracellular loops. The experiments presented herein were initially designed to test for the presence of additional phosphorylation sites on the second intracellular loop of the rFSHR. Analysis of two new mutants in which the two threonines in the second intracellular loop (rFSHR-2L) or the two threonines in the second intracellular loop and the seven Ser/Thr residues in the third intracellular loop (rFSHR-2L + 3L) were mutated showed that one or more of the two threonines in the second intracellular loop are phosphorylated in response to phorbol ester, but not in response to agonist stimulation. Since rFSHR-2L and rFSHR-2L + 3L displayed a reduction in agonist-induced signaling, two additional mutants (rFSHR-D389N and rFSHR-Y530F) were constructed in an attempt to better understand the relationship between the agonist-induced activation, phosphorylation, and internalization of the rFSHR. These point mutations impaired agonist-stimulated signal transduction and abolished agonist-induced phosphorylation. Co-transfection studies revealed that the phosphorylation of these mutants can be rescued by overexpression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, but this increased phosphorylation only rescues the internalization of rFSHR-D389N. The internalization of both mutants could be rescued by overexpression of arrestin-3, however. Taken together, these results argue that the agonist-induced activation and phosphorylation of the rFSHR are not essential for internalization. while the interaction of the rFSHR with a nonvisual arrestin is essential for internalization.
Message to Editors: Readers Want Solid News (2002)

A survey of readers in Lubbock, Texas, shows some things don't change. Readers want solid news stories in three categories—local, political and safety.
Risks from dental radiation in 1995. (1995)

Risks from dental radiation are primarily to the somatic tissues of exposed persons, although the genetic tissues may receive small amounts of radiation. Maximum permissible doses have been established at various levels depending on the tissue exposed and whether the exposure was occupational or non-occupational: for pregnant workers, the occupational exposure is 1/10 the normal limits. Risks from dental radiation is expressed as the number of extra fatal cancers per million exposed persons, referred to as relative risk. Generally, the relative risk is tenfold greater for the full mouth survey than for a simple panoramic radiograph. Several ways of reducing the risk, to patients as well as healthcare workers, are outlined.
Pathophysiology of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (2013)

Currently the molecular basis for the clinical heterogeneity of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is poorly understood. The genetic bases for all different phenotypic variants of X-ALD are mutations in the gene encoding the peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, ABCD1 (formerly adrenoleukodystrophy protein, ALDP). ABCD1 transports CoA-activated very long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol into the peroxisome for degradation. The phenotypic variability is remarkable ranging from cerebral inflammatory demyelination of childhood onset, leading to death within a few years, to adults remaining pre-symptomatic through more than five decades. There is no general genotype-phenotype correlation in X-ALD. The default manifestation of mutations in ABCD1 is adrenomyeloneuropathy, a slowly progressive dying-back axonopathy affecting both ascending and descending spinal cord tracts as well as in some cases, a peripheral neuropathy. In about 60% of male X-ALD patients, either in childhood (35-40%) or in adulthood (20%), an initial, clinically silent, myelin destabilization results in conversion to a devastating, rapidly progressive form of cerebral inflammatory demyelination. Here, ABCD1 remains a susceptibility gene, necessary but not sufficient for inflammatory demyelination to occur. Although the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids appears to be essential for the pathomechanism of all phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes are fundamentally different. Cell autonomous processes such as oxidative stress and energy shortage in axons as well as non-cell autonomous processes involving axon-glial interactions seem pertinent to the dying-back axonopathy. Various dynamic mechanisms may underlie the initiation of inflammation, the altered immune reactivity, the propagation of inflammation, as well as the mechanisms leading to the arrest of inflammation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. An improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these events is required for the development of urgently needed therapeutics.
INHIBITION OF ASTAXANTHIN SYNTHESIS UNDER HIGH IRRADIANCE DOES NOT ABOLISH TRIACYLGLYCEROL ACCUMULATION IN THE GREEN ALGA HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE)1 (2005)

Under stress conditions, Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow accumulates fatty acid–esterified astaxanthin, in extraplastidial lipid globules. The enhanced accumulation of fatty acids, mainly in triacylglycerols (TAG), among which oleic acid predominates, is linearly correlated with that of astaxanthin. We used inhibitors of either carotenoid or lipid biosynthesis to assess the interrelationship between carotenogenesis and TAG accumulation under high light irradiance as the stress factor. The two carotenogenesis inhibitors used—norflurazon, an inhibitor of phytoene desaturase, and diphenylamine (DPA), an inhibitor of β‐carotene C‐4 oxygenase—suppressed the accumulation of astaxanthin in a concentration‐dependent manner. Concurrently, the accumulation of neutral lipids was significantly less affected. The lipid biosynthesis inhibitor sethoxydim, which inhibits acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, significantly decreased de novo fatty acid synthesis and, in concert, drastically inhibited astaxanthin formation. In the presence of various concentrations of the three inhibitors, the inhibition of astaxanthin was not accompanied by a proportional decrease in oleic acid, which was used as a marker for TAG fatty acids. When astaxanthin synthesis was completely inhibited, the volumetric content of oleic acid was about 60% of the control value when the two carotenogenesis inhibitors (0.05 μM norflurazon or 20 μM DPA) were used and 27% of the control when the lipid‐synthesis inhibitor (50 μM) was used. We suggest therefore that TAG accumulation under high irradiance is not tightly coupled with astaxanthin accumulation, although the correlation between these two processes was demonstrated earlier. Furthermore, we propose that the accumulation of a certain amount of TAG is a prerequisite for the initiation of fatty acid–esterified astaxanthin accumulation in lipid globules.
Novel epitope evoking CD138 antigen‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes targeting multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders (2011)

The development of an immunotherapeutic strategy targeting CD138 antigen could potentially represent a new treatment option for multiple myeloma (MM). This study evaluated the immune function of CD138 peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), generated ex vivo using an HLA-A2-specific CD138 epitope against MM cells. A novel immunogenic HLA-A2-specific CD138(260-268) (GLVGLIFAV) peptide was identified from the full-length protein sequence of the CD138 antigen, which induced CTL specific to primary CD138(+) MM cells. The peptide-induced CD138-CTL contained a high percentage of CD8(+) activated/memory T cells with a low percentage of CD4(+) T cell and naive CD8(+) T cell subsets. The CTL displayed HLA-A2-restricted and CD138 antigen-specific cytotoxicity against MM cell lines. In addition, CD138-CTL demonstrated increased degranulation, proliferation and γ-interferon secretion to HLA-A2(+) /CD138(+) myeloma cells, but not HLA-A2(-) /CD138(+) or HLA-A2(+) /CD138(-) cells. The immune functional properties of the CD138-CTL were also demonstrated using primary HLA-A2(+) /CD138(+) cells isolated from myeloma patients. In conclusion, a novel immunogenic CD138(260-268) (GLVGLIFAV) peptide can induce antigen-specific CTL, which might be useful for the treatment of MM patients with peptide-based vaccine or cellular immunotherapy strategies.
Lysosomal degradation of membrane lipids (2009)

The constitutive degradation of membrane components takes place in the acidic compartments of a cell, the endosomes and lysosomes. Sites of lipid degradation are intralysosomal membranes that are formed in endosomes, where the lipid composition is adjusted for degradation. Cholesterol is sorted out of the inner membranes, their content in bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate increases, and, most likely, sphingomyelin is degraded to ceramide. Together with endosomal and lysosomal lipid-binding proteins, the Niemann-Pick disease, type C2-protein, the GM2-activator, and the saposins sap-A, -B, -C, and -D, a suitable membrane lipid composition is required for degradation of complex lipids by hydrolytic enzymes.
Pituitary Extracts and Steroid Hormones in the Control of 3T3 Cell Growth (1973)

Results are reported showing that pituitary extracts stimulate growth of 3T3 cells, an established line of mouse fibroblast. Cells were cultured in medium containing an organic buffer (HEPES; N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid), which increases the serum requirement for cell growth. The pituitary growth-prompting activity is (a) not dialyzable; (b) thermolabile; (c) protease sensitive; and (d) enhanced by hydrocortisone (a steroid hormone). Activity was quantitatively assayed by measurement of stimulation of cell division or [(3)H]thymidine uptake into DNA. The active species is probably different from pituitary protein hormones and it seems to be effective at concentrations observed for protein hormones in vivo. 3T3 cells transformed by simian virus 40 are not responsive to this activity.
A zinc finger protein RHL41 mediates the light acclimatization response in Arabidopsis (2000)

Arabidopsis thaliana plants showed an increased tolerance to high-intensity light when pre-exposed to medium-intensity light. This response, known as light acclimatization, depended on the quantity of light, the period of irradiation, and the quality of light. Among characterized acclimatization-induced cDNA clones, we identified a zinc finger protein rhl41 (responsive to high light) gene, that was rapidly up-regulated in proportion to the time of irradiation and the light intensity. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing the rhl41 gene showed an increased tolerance to high-intensity light, and also morphological changes of thicker and dark green leaves. Interestingly, the palisade parenchyma was highly developed in the leaves of the transgenic plants, which is one of the long-term acclimatization responses in Arabidopsis plants. The anthocyanin content (a light protectant) as well as the chlorophyll content also increased. Antisense transgenic plants exhibited decreased tolerance to high irradiation. We propose that the RHL41 zinc finger protein has a key role in the acclimatization response to changes in light intensity.
Androgen receptor gene mutations in human prostate cancer. (1992)

We screened human prostate cancer tissues for the presence of somatic mutations in the hormone binding domain of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Exons E-H were amplified from genomic DNA using the polymerase chain reaction and analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), which separates DNA fragments that differ by only a single base. We detected a mutation in exon E of the hormone binding domain in 1 of 26 specimens of untreated organ-confined stage B prostate cancer. The mutation was not detectable in peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA. Lymphocyte DNA (wild-type AR) migrated in DGGE as a single band. The tumor DNA migrated in DGGE as four bands, consistent with the presence of cells with mutant AR plus cells with wild-type AR and indicating that the tumor contained a somatic mutation. To our knowledge, a somatic AR gene mutation has not been reported previously. Sequencing revealed a G----A substitution in codon 730, changing valine to methionine. Codon 730 is in a region highly conserved among all steroid receptors. The abundance of the mutated fragment (about 50% of the DNA in the specimen) indicates its presence in cells with a growth advantage. A somatic mutation could be detected by DGGE if it represented at least 10% of the sample. Failure to detect mutations in other specimens analyzed may be due to this limit of sensitivity, the presence of mutations in other parts of the AR, or a low frequency of mutations in early stage disease.
Evaluation of a microwave cavity, discharge tube, and gas flow system for combined gas chromatography-atomic emission detection (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of a microwave cavity, discharge tube, and gas flow system for combined gas chromatography-atomic emission detectionBruce D. Quimby and James J. SullivanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 10, 1027–1034Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00209a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00209a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views717Altmetric-Citations233LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts