gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Partial shape recognition: a landmark-based approach (1990)

A method of recognizing partially occluded objects is presented in which each object is represented by a set of landmarks. Given a scene consisting of partially occluded objects, a model object in the scene is hypothesized by matching the landmarks of the model with those in the scene. A measure of similarity between two landmarks is needed to perform this matching. A local shape measure, sphericity, is introduced. It is shown that any invariant function under a similarity transformation is a function of the sphericity. To match landmarks between the model and the scene, a table of compatibility is constructed. A technique, known as hopping dynamic programming, is described to guide the landmark matching through the compatibility table. The location of the model in the scene is estimated with a least-squares fit among the matched landmarks. A heuristic measure is then computed to decide if the model is in the scene.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gene replacement therapy in the retinal degeneration slow (rds)mouse: the effect on retinal degeneration following partial transduction of the retina (2001)

The retinal degeneration slow (rds or Prph2(Rd2/Rd2)) mouse, a model of recessive retinitis pigmentosa, lacks a functional gene encoding peripherin 2. This membrane glycoprotein is required for the formation of photoreceptor outer segment discs. The striking feature of the rds mouse is the complete failure to develop outer segments. We have previously examined the short-term effect of gene replacement therapy using an adeno-associated (AAV) vector and demonstrated induction of outer segments and improvement of photoreceptor function. Here we have extended our analysis and have demonstrated that the potential for ultrastructural improvement is dependent upon the age at which animals are treated, but the effect of a single injection on photoreceptor ultrastructure may be long-term. However, there was no significant effect on photoreceptor cell loss, irrespective of the date of administration, despite the improvements in morphology and function. Our investigation excluded procedure-related damage, vector toxicity and immune responses as major factors which might counteract the benefits of photoreceptor restoration, but suggested that transgene over-expression is of significance. These findings suggest that successful gene therapy in patients with photoreceptor defects may ultimately depend upon intervention in early stages of disease and upon accurate control of transgene expression.
BAFF‐R expression correlates with positive selection of immature B cells (2011)

The interaction between BAFF and BAFF-R is crucial for the development of mature B cells. Here, we report that the expression of BAFF-R is first detectable on a fraction of mouse CD19(+) CD93(+) IgM(+) CD23(-) and human CD19(+) CD10(+) IgM(+) BM B cells. This BAFF-R(+) BM B-cell population shows higher levels of surface IgM expression and decreased RAG-2 transcripts than BAFF-R(-) immature B cells. When cultured, mouse BAFF-R(-), but not BAFF-R(+) immature B cells spontaneously undergo B-cell receptor editing. However, BAFF-R(+) immature B cells cultured in the presence of an anti-κ light chain antibody are induced to undergo receptor editing. This receptor editing correlates with down-modulation of surface BAFF-R expression and the up-regulation of RAG-2 at the RNA level. B-cell receptor (BCR) cross-linking on splenic T1 B cells results in down-modulation of the BAFF-R, and receptor editing and RAG-2 up-regulation in a minor fraction of B cells. BCR cross-linking on splenic T2/3 B cells results in partly down and partly up-modulation of BAFF-R expression and no evidence for receptor editing. Overall, our data indicate that BAFF-R expression is tightly regulated during B-cell development in mouse and human and its expression is correlated with positive selection.
THE GENETICS OF BOVINE PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 1 (1988)

We have made rapid progress in recent years in identifying the genetic causes of many human diseases. However, despite this recent progress, our mechanistic understanding of these diseases is often incomplete. This is a problem because it limits our ...Read More
Wearable grain silo working environment sensing and safety alarm system (2022)

&lt;p&gt;A set of wearable granary working environment sensing and security alarm system is developed to ensure the safety of granary staff. The gas sensor, piezoelectric ceramic chip, infrared transmitting and receiving tube and photosensitive resistance are used as the core components of each circuit module to collect the gas concentration signal, human respiration intensity signal, pulse intensity signal and light signal in the granary. AD0809 module chip is used to convert analog data into digital data and send it to MCU for information processing to make alarm judgment. At the same time, PTR2000 module is used to transmit the sensor data to the upper computer. The upper computer determines whether to alarm through data comparison, and transmits the alarm signal to the mobile phone through Wi-Fi in real time. Each module cooperates with each other, information real-time transmission to complete the detection of granary environment and danger alarm. The test results show that the system can meet the safety operation requirements of large and medium-sized state-owned grain depot.&lt;/p&gt;
Long-Term Use of Mesalamine (Rowasa) Suppositories in Remission Maintenance of Ulcerative Proctitis (2000)

The results demonstrate that mesalamine suppositories are efficacious, well tolerated, and safe for the long-term maintenance of remission of ulcerative proctitis.
Anti-peptide autoantibodies and fatal anaphylaxis in NOD mice in response to insulin self-peptides B:9-23 and B:13-23 (2002)

There is evidence that amino acids 9-23 of the insulin B chain are a major target of anti-islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. Administration of this peptide to NOD mice prevents diabetes, and phase I trials of an altered peptide ligand of B:9-23 are underway in humans. We were interested in longterm subcutaneous therapeutic administration of B:9-23 without adjuvant. To our initial surprise, the peptide consistently induced fatal anaphylaxis in NOD mice after 6 weeks of administration. Anaphylaxis could be blocked by a combination of antihistamine and platelet-activating factor antagonist (but neither alone) or by a combination of anti-IgG receptor and anti-IgE antibodies. High titers of anti-B:9-23 antibodies were induced within 3-4 weeks of immunization with the peptide. Peptide B:13-23 also induced anaphylaxis and was more potent than peptide B:9-23. Antibodies induced by peptide B:9-23 and peptide B:13-23 did not cross-react with each other. Thus, the insulin peptides B:9-23 and B:13-23, even when administered subcutaneously in the absence of adjuvant, can induce a dramatic humoral response leading to fatal anaphylaxis in NOD mice.
Analysis of Sugar Sequences in Glycoproteins by Glycosidase Digestion and Gel Filtration (2003)

The function of many glycoproteins is directly related to the structure of their oligosaccharide chains (1–5). Subtle changes in oligosaccharide structure involving the linkage of or loss of single monosaccharide units are known to occur in many biological events. Knowledge of this fine structure is necessary if the function of glycoproteins is to be understood.
CBinfer: Change-Based Inference for Convolutional Neural Networks on Video Data (2017)

Extracting per-frame features using convolutional neural networks for real-time processing of video data is currently mainly performed on powerful GPU-accelerated workstations and compute clusters. However, there are many applications such as smart surveillance cameras that require or would benefit from on-site processing. To this end, we propose and evaluate a novel algorithm for change-based evaluation of CNNs for video data recorded with a static camera setting, exploiting the spatio-temporal sparsity of pixel changes. We achieve an average speed-up of 8.6x over a cuDNN baseline on a realistic benchmark with a negligible accuracy loss of less than 0.1% and no retraining of the network. The resulting energy efficiency is 10x higher than that of per-frame evaluation and reaches an equivalent of 328 GOp/s/W on the Tegra X1 platform.
IDH1 R132C mutation is detected in clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma by pyrosequencing (2017)

Clear cell HCC showed higher frequency of IDH1 mutation rate than other variants of HCC. This result consolidates the assumption that morphological features of tumors reflect molecular alterations.
Expression of p19 INK4d, CDK4, CDK6 in glioblastoma multiforme (2000)

Deregulation of the G1/S checkpoint is a frequent event in the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Previous studies have shown more than 50% of primary GBM tumours contain either complete loss of the p16INK4a locus or amplification of the CDK4 gene. Moreover, many heterozygosity studies have shown deletion on human chromosome 19p13.2, where the p19INK4d gene has been localized. We examined the expression of p19INK4d and its two CDK substrates in a series of glioma-derived cell lines and tumours. No gene rearrangement or deletion was observed in the p19INK4d gene in these cell lines; however, expression of CDK4 and CDK6 was elevated relative to matched normal brain tissue in eight of 18 GBM tumours (44%). Furthermore, CDK6 expression level was increased in 12/14 glioblastomas, but undetectable in tumour samples of a previous lower grade tumour from the same patient. These data attest to the functional importance of both CDK4 and CDK6 in astrocytic tumourigenesis, particularly during the later stages of tumour progression.
Antimicrobial Peptides from Plants (1997)

Abstract Peptides with antimicrobial properties are present in most if not all plant species. All plant antimicrobial peptides isolated so far contain even numbers of cysteines (4, 6, or 8), which are all pairwise connected by disulfide bridges, thus providing high stability to the peptides. Based on homologies at the primary structure level, plant antimicrobial peptides can be classified into distinct families including thionins, plant defensins, lipid transfer proteins, and he vein- and knottin-type antimicrobial peptides. Detailed three-dimensional structure information has been obtained for one or more members of these peptide families. All antimicrobial peptides studied thus far appear to exert their antimicrobial effect at the level of the plasma membrane of the target microorganism, but the different peptide types are likely to act via different mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides can occur in all plant organs. In unstressed organs, antimicrobial peptides are usually most abundant in the outer cell layer lining the organ, which is consistent with a role for the antimicrobial peptides in constitutive host defense against microbial invaders attacking from the outside. Thionins are predominantly located intracellularly but are also found in the extracellular space, whereas most plant defensins and lipid transfer proteins are deposited exclusively in the extracellular space. In a number of plant species, a strong induction of genes expressing either thionins, plant defensins, or lipid transfer proteins has been observed on infection of the leaves by microbial pathogens. Hence, antimicrobial peptides can also take part in the inducible defense response of plants. Constitutive expression in transgenic plants of heterologous antimicrobial peptide genes has been achieved, which in some cases has led to enhanced resistance to particular microbial plant pathogens.
A prospective randomized trial comparing MVAC and CISCA chemotherapy for patients with metastatic urothelial tumors. (1990)

To evaluate the relative efficacy of cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) (CISCA) versus methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin, and cisplatin (MVAC), a prospective randomized trial was performed in patients with advanced metastatic urothelial tumors. Patients were stratified by histologic disease type and degree of tumor dissemination. Equal distribution of the clinical characteristics was achieved. One hundred ten patients with metastatic disease of the urinary tract (86 bladder, 16 renal pelvis, seven ureter, one prostatic urethra) met eligibility criteria and were enrolled on study. These represented 82% of the total patients seen during the study period in the Section of Genitourinary Oncology who met the eligibility criteria. The combined complete and partial response rate was significantly higher for patients treated with MVAC than for those treated with CISCA (65% v 46%; P less than .05). The survival duration of MVAC-treated patients was significantly longer than that of CISCA-treated patients (mean, 62.6 weeks; median, 48.3; range, 5.0+ to 162.3+ v mean, 40.4 weeks; median, 36.1; range, 7+ to 147.1+). We conclude that MVAC chemotherapy is superior to CISCA chemotherapy, achieving a higher response rate and a longer survival for equivalent patients with metastatic urothelial tumors.
La collection de papyrus de Bruxelles - Brussel, Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire (MRAH) - Koninklijke Musea voor Kunst en Geschiedenis (KMKG) (2000)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Redox regulation of lung inflammation: role of NADPH oxidase and NF-κB signalling (2007)

Regulation of reduction/oxidation (redox) state is critical for cell viability, activation, proliferation and organ function, and imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant balance is implicated in various chronic respiratory inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CS (cigarette smoke) is a complex mixture of various noxious gases and condensed tar particles. These components elicit oxidative stress in lungs by continuous generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and various inflammatory mediators. In the present review, we have discussed the role of oxidative stress in triggering the inflammatory response in the lungs in response to CS by demonstrating the role of NADPH oxidase, redox-sensitive transcription factors, such as pro-inflammatory NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) and antioxidant Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45 subunit-related factor 2), as well as HDAC (histone deacetylase) in pro-inflammatory cytokine release by disruption of HDAC-RelA/p65 NF-kappaB complex.
Comorbidity and performance status as independent prognostic factors in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2014)

CCI and ECOG scores both provide prognostic information in predicting OS in HNSCC, but a significant association with CSS was not observed.
High-voltage picosecond photoconductor switch based on low-temperature-grown GaAs (1990)

A GaAs material grown by molecular beam epitaxy at a low substrate temperature was used to fabricate a photoconductor switch that produces 6-V picosecond electrical pulses. The pulses were produced on a microwave coplanar-strip transmission line lithographically patterned on the low-temperature (LT) GaAs. A 150-fs laser pulse was used to generate carriers in the LT GaAs gap between the metal strips, partially shorting a high DC voltage placed across the lines. The 6-V magnitude of the electrical pulses obtained is believed to be limited by the laser pulse power and not by the properties of the LT GaAs. Experiments were also performed on a picosecond photoconductor switch fabricated on a conventional ion-damaged silicon-on-sapphire substrate. Although comparable pulse durations were obtained, the highest pulse voltage achieved with the latter device was 0.6 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner (2017)

Mosquitoes, such as <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>, are important vectors of human diseases. Fluralaner, a recently introduced parasiticide, was evaluated as a mosquitocide in this study. On <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>An. gambiae</i> fourth-instar larvae, fluralaner had 24-h LC<sub>50</sub> (lethal concentration for 50% mortality) values of 1.8 ppb and 0.4 ppb, respectively. Following topical application to adult <i>Ae. aegypti</i>, fluralaner toxicity reached a plateau in about 3 days, with 1- and 3-day LD<sub>50</sub> (lethal dose for 50% mortality) values of 1.3 ng/mg and 0.26 ng/mg, suggesting a slowly developing toxicity. Fipronil outperformed fluralaner by up to 100-fold in adult topical, glass contact, and feeding assays on <i>Ae. aegypti</i>. These data show that fluralaner does not have exceptional toxicity to mosquitoes in typical exposure paradigms. In electrophysiological recordings on <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> larval central nervous system, the effectiveness of fluralaner for restoring nerve firing after gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment, a measure of GABA antagonism, was similar in susceptible Oregon-R and cyclodiene-resistant <i>rdl</i>-1675 strains, with EC<sub>50</sub> (half maximal effective concentration) values of 0.34 µM and 0.29 µM. Although this finding suggests low cross resistance in the presence of <i>rdl</i>, the moderate potency, low contact activity, and slow action of fluralaner argue against its use as an adult mosquitocide for vector control.
Resistance of CD-1 and ogg1 DNA Repair–Deficient Mice to Thalidomide and Hydrolysis Product Embryopathies in Embryo Culture (2011)

Thalidomide (TD) displays remarkable species specificity, causing birth defects (teratogenesis) in humans and rabbits, but not rats or mice; yet, few determinants of species susceptibility have been identified. Also, certain mouse strains are susceptible to the embryopathic effects of some teratogens in embryo culture despite their resistance in vivo. Herein we show that CD-1 mouse embryos in culture are resistant to limb embryopathies caused by TD and two of its hydrolysis products, 2-phthalimidoglutaramic acid and 2-phthalimidoglutaric acid, although all three compounds cause these embryopathies in rabbit embryo culture. These results show that the resistance of CD-1 mice to TD teratogenesis is inherent to the embryo and is not dependent upon maternal factors, including differential in vivo exposure to the many hydrolysis products of TD. In utero TD exposure of rabbit but not mouse embryos elevates levels of the teratogenic oxidative DNA lesion 8-oxoguanine, which is repaired by oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1). However, DNA repair-deficient ogg1 knockout mice proved resistant to TD-initiated embryopathies in culture and teratogenesis in vivo, indicating that the resistance of mice is not due to a higher level of DNA repair.
Interfacial-Force-Controlled Placing Technique of Microstructures of Sub- to One Hundred Micrometer Size Using Blade Coating (2011)

The surface mounting technology of electronic devices using pick-and-place machines is commonly used to fabricate functional electronic appliances, such as motherboards, flat panel displays, and mobile phones. However, the pick-and-place method begins to encounter difficulties in mounting electronic devices when devices shrink to a few hundreds of micrometers or less. We propose a new blade-coating method of placing microstructures smaller than several hundreds of micrometers on a substrate. The method comprises three steps: (1) preparing a microstructure dispersion consisting of chemically modified microstructures and a water-insoluble organic solvent, (2) continuous blade-coating of water and the dispersion on a chemically patterned substrate on which hydrophilic areas are surrounded by a hydrophobic self-assembled monolayer, and (3) spontaneous placing of the microstructures on the hydrophilic areas by a water/solvent interfacial force that acts on the microstructures. Using this method, we have been able to place microstructures ranging in length from submicrometer to one hundred micrometers, including silicon nanowires and SiO 2 microstructures of various sizes. However, our blade-coating method for placing microstructures can be realized with successful combinations of chemical modifiers for the microstructures and water-insoluble solvents. We present a simple method of assessing dispersion using a chemically modified glass test tube filled with water and a solvent for the dispersion.
CNS-targeted gene therapy improves survival and motor function in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy (2010)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by a deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) due to mutations in the SMN1 gene. In this study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing human SMN (AAV8-hSMN) was injected at birth into the CNS of mice modeling SMA. Western blot analysis showed that these injections resulted in widespread expression of SMN throughout the spinal cord, and this translated into robust improvement in skeletal muscle physiology, including increased myofiber size and improved neuromuscular junction architecture. Treated mice also displayed substantial improvements on behavioral tests of muscle strength, coordination, and locomotion, indicating that the neuromuscular junction was functional. Treatment with AAV8-hSMN increased the median life span of mice with SMA-like disease to 50 days compared with 15 days for untreated controls. Moreover, injecting mice with SMA-like disease with a human SMN-expressing self-complementary AAV vector - a vector that leads to earlier onset of gene expression compared with standard AAV vectors - led to improved efficacy of gene therapy, including a substantial extension in median survival to 157 days. These data indicate that CNS-directed, AAV-mediated SMN augmentation is highly efficacious in addressing both neuronal and muscular pathologies in a severe mouse model of SMA.
Clinical Outcome Following Neuroleptic Discontinuation in Patients With Remitted Recent-Onset Schizophrenia (2001)

The vast majority of clinically stable individuals with recent-onset schizophrenia will experience an exacerbation or relapse after antipsychotic discontinuation, even after more than a year of maintenance medication. However, clinical monitoring and a low threshold for reinstating medications can prevent hospitalization for the majority of these patients.
Laser ultrasound for investigation of arteriosclerotic arterial tissue (1997)

Angioplasty has become a common procedure for reducing the effects of constrictions in human arteries caused by the build up of fatty deposits, thrombosis and calcification (arteriosclerosis). An intraluminal laser ultrasound probe has been designed and constructed. The probe allows the use of a small pulsed laser to generate ultrasound on the tissue surface and to determine the nature of the tissue to be treated. Its design is also compatible with that required for a therapeutic laser beam to be delivered to the same site. The results obtained at both 532 nm and over the range of wavelengths covered by the optical parametric oscillator show that variations in the optical absorption characteristics within a tissue sample caused significant differences in the detected acoustic signal. This suggests that the acoustic signal obtained by optical absorption within the tissue can be used to gain information on the structure of the tissue sample. As the wavelength of the laser used was increased, waveforms suggested that the optical absorption of tissue decreased, leading to an increase in the amplitude of the signals from within the tissue if absorption centres were present. The results suggest that laser ultrasound can be used to determine the nature of arterial tissue samples and to distinguish between healthy and diseased arterial tissue.
Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections (1999)

There appears to be no evidence of a clinical benefit of antibiotic therapy in otherwise healthy children and adults with non-severe salmonella diarrhoea. Antibiotics appear to increase adverse effects and they also tend to prolong salmonella detection in stools.