gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of genetic background and gender on hypertension and renal failure in COX-2-deficient mice (2004)

The present study was undertaken to determine whether the severity of renal failure or hypertension in homozygous cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-deficient (COX-2-/-) mice affected by genetic background or gender. COX-2 deletion was introduced into three congenic genetic backgrounds, 129/Sv (129/COX-2-/-), C57/BL6 (C57/COX-2-/-), and BALB/c (BALB/COX-2-/-), by backcrossing the original mixed-background knockout mice with the respective inbred strains for 9 or 10 generations. Evaluation of the severity of hypertension and renal failure was performed in knockout and wild-type mice at the age of 2.5-3.5 mo. Blood pressure measured by tail-cuff plethysmography was significantly elevated in the male 129/COX-2-/- mice (165.8 +/- 9.2 vs. 116 +/- 5.1 mmHg, P < 0.05), and to a much lesser extent in the female 129/COX-2-/- mice (127.4 +/- 3.3 vs. 102.4 +/- 3.3), whereas it was unchanged in the C57- or BALB/COX-2-/- mice regardless of gender. Urinary excretion of albumin, determined by EIA, was remarkably increased in the 129/COX-2-/- (16.4 +/- 4.1 vs. 0.16 +/- 0.043 mg albumin/mg creatinine, P < 0.001), and to a lesser extent in the male C57/COX-2-/- mice (0.595 +/- 0.416 vs. 0.068 +/- 0.019). Albumin excretion was not elevated in the male BALB/COX-2-/- or in female COX-2-/- mice on any of the three genetic backgrounds. Histological analysis showed abundant protein casts, dilated tubules, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the male 129/COX-2-/- mice, but not in COX-2-/- mice in other strains or gender. However, the presence of small glomeruli in the nephrogenic zone was observed in all strains of COX-2 knockout mice, regardless of genetic background and gender. Therefore, we conclude that the severity of hypertension and renal failure in COX-2-deficient mice is influenced by genetic background and gender, whereas the incomplete maturation of outer cortical nephrons appears to be independent of genetic background effects.
An agent that increases tumor suppressor transgene product coupled with systemic transgene delivery inhibits growth of metastatic lung cancer in vivo. (1998)

Low levels of gene expression following systemic delivery have impaired the effectiveness of tumor suppressor gene replacement in treating metastases. We asked whether combined treatment with 2-methoxyestradiol (2-Me), which increases levels of wild-type p53 protein in cancer cells, and the systemic administration of an adenoviral vector expressing wild-type p53 (Ad-p53) would inhibit the growth of human metastatic lung cancer cells in vivo. The simultaneous administration of p53 and 2-Me resulted in a greater than additive reduction with the lung colony count reduced to 33% of its control value. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of 2-Me and Ad-p53 in combination treatment may have application in the systemic treatment of cancer.
Object-oriented patterns (1992)

article Free Access Share on Object-oriented patterns Author: Peter Coad Object International, Inc., 8140 N. MoPac Expressway, Building 4, Suite 200, Austin, TX Object International, Inc., 8140 N. MoPac Expressway, Building 4, Suite 200, Austin, TXView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 35Issue 9Sept. 1992 pp 152–159https://doi.org/10.1145/130994.131006Published:01 September 1992Publication History 244citation2,164DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations244Total Downloads2,164Last 12 Months106Last 6 weeks12 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
ChemInform Abstract: Oligonucleotide Analogues as Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interaction of glucocorticoids with macrophages. Identification of glucocorticoid receptors in monocytes and macrophages. (1978)

Glucocorticoid binding was measured in resident and thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages, rabbit alveolar macrophages, and human monocytes. Two assays of binding were used--an assay with intact cells in suspension or monolayers, and an assay of cytosol and nuclear forms of glucocorticoid receptors. The mononuclear phagocytes contained approximately equal to 4--10 X 10(3) high affinity receptor sites per cell, with dissociation constants of approximately equal to 2--8 nM dexamethasone. The binding to the saturable sites was specific for steroids with glucocorticoid or antiglucocorticoid activity. Cortisol, corticosterone, and progesterone competed with dexamethasone for binding, whereas estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, and 11-epicortisol competed very little. Binding of dexamethasone to cytosol and nuclear forms of the receptor complex and temperature-sensitive translocation of cytosol forms to nuclear forms were shown. At 37 degrees C the predominant form of the hormone-receptor complex was nuclear. These results demonstrate that corticosteroids interact with macrophages at physiological concentrations.
Stage- and lineage-specific expression of the HOXA10 homeobox gene in normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells. (1995)

There is growing evidence that the HOX homeobox-containing transcription factors are differentially expressed during hematopoiesis. We have previously demonstrated that the HOXA10 gene is expressed in unfractionated normal marrow and in immortalized leukemic cell lines with myelomonocytic features, but not in cell lines with lymphoid or erythroid features. To gain insights into the patterns of activation of this gene during hematopoietic differentiation, we have examined HOXA10 expression in CD34+ and CD34- subfractions of normal marrow and normal peripheral blood, as well as samples from patients with a variety of acute and chronic leukemias. HOXA10 is strongly expressed in CD34+ normal marrow cells, markedly downregulated in CD34- marrow cells, and inactive in mature neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. HOXA10 is expressed in all types of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with the notable exception of acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML-M3). HOXA10 message is observed in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) but appears to be reduced in accelerated phase and blast crisis, particularly lymphoid blast crisis. With rare exception, HOXA10 expression is not observed in samples of acute or chronic lymphoid leukemias. Normal marrow and patient samples appear to contain a single transcript which encodes a full-length homeobox-containing protein, while immortalized cell lines contain an additional alternatively spliced transcript. These studies indicate that HOXA10 expression is restricted to early stages of myeloid differentiation.
A Prenylation Inhibitor Prevents Production of Infectious Hepatitis Delta Virus Particles (2002)

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) causes both acute and chronic liver disease throughout the world. Effective medical therapy is lacking. Previous work has shown that the assembly of HDV virus-like particles (VLPs) could be abolished by BZA-5B, a compound with farnesyltransferase inhibitory activity. Here we show that FTI-277, another farnesyltransferase inhibitor, prevented the production of complete, infectious HDV virions of two different genotypes. Thus, in spite of the added complexity and assembly determinants of infectious HDV virions compared to VLPs, the former are also sensitive to pharmacological prenylation inhibition. Moreover, production of HDV genotype III virions, which is associated with particularly severe clinical disease, was as sensitive to prenylation inhibition as was that of HDV genotype I virions. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors thus represent an attractive potential class of novel antiviral agents for use against HDV, including the genotypes associated with most severe disease.
Formation of Pb/63Sn solder bumps using a solder droplet jetting method (2005)

Formation processes of Pb/63Sn solder droplets using a solder droplet jetting have not been sufficiently reported. Solving problems such as satellite droplets and position errors are very important for a uniform bump size and reliable flip-chip solder bump formation process. First, this paper presents the optimization of jet conditions of Pb/63Sn solder droplets and the formation process of Pb/63Sn solder bumps using a solder droplet jetting method. Second, interfacial reactions and mechanical strength of jetted Pb/63Sn solder bumps and electroless Ni-P/Au UBM joints have been investigated. Interfacial reactions have been investigated after the second solder reflow and aging, and results were compared with those of solder bumps formed by a solder screen-printing method. Third, jetted solder bumps with variable bump sizes have been demonstrated by a multiple jetting method and the control of waveform induced to a jet nozzle. Multiple droplets jetting method can control various height and size of solder bumps. Finally, real applications of jetted Pb/63Sn solder bumps have been successfully demonstrated on conventional DRAM chips and integrated passive devices (IPDs).
Extensive Ex Vivo Expansion of Functional Human Erythroid Precursors Established From Umbilical Cord Blood Cells by Defined Factors (2013)

There is a constant shortage of red blood cells (RBCs) from sufficiently matched donors for patients who need chronic transfusion. Ex vivo expansion and maturation of human erythroid precursors (erythroblasts) from the patients or optimally matched donors could represent a potential solution. Proliferating erythroblasts can be expanded from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CB MNCs) ex vivo for 10(6)-10(7)-fold (in ~50 days) before proliferation arrest and reaching sufficient number for broad application. Here, we report that ectopic expression of three genetic factors (Sox2, c-Myc, and an shRNA against TP53 gene) associated with iPSC derivation enables CB-derived erythroblasts to undergo extended expansion (~10(68)-fold in ~12 months) in a serum-free culture condition without change of cell identity or function. These expanding erythroblasts maintain immature erythroblast phenotypes and morphology, a normal diploid karyotype and dependence on a specific combination of growth factors for proliferation throughout expansion period. When being switched to a terminal differentiation condition, these immortalized erythroblasts gradually exit cell cycle, decrease cell size, accumulate hemoglobin, condense nuclei and eventually give rise to enucleated hemoglobin-containing erythrocytes that can bind and release oxygen. Our result may ultimately lead to an alternative approach to generate unlimited numbers of RBCs for personalized transfusion medicine.
Contact flexible microstrip applicators (CFMA) in a range from microwaves up to short waves (2002)

Contact flexible microstrip applicator (CFMA) is a new light-weight microstrip applicator type for superficial and deep local hyperthermia. Typical specimens are developed for operation at frequencies of 434, 70, 40, and 27 MHz. The main common features of CFMA, namely, their flexibility and light weight, as well as their aperture dimensions slightly depend on the operating frequency. Two antenna types are used in CFMAs: inductive antennas with a radiating plane electrical dipole at microwaves, and coplanar capacitive antennas, providing depression of the normal component of the electrical field in the very high-frequency (VHF) and high-frequency (HF) range. The flexibility of the applicators enables one to conform them with curved surfaces. In a bent state of the applicators there arises a focusing effect of energy deposition in deeper located tissues due to linear polarization of the irradiated electromagnetic (EM) field, inherent in CFMA. All CFMA are integrated with silicon water boluses which serve as a matching element, so as a skin cooling agent. Due to this and to the predominance of the tangential electrical component in the radiated EM field, no fat overheating effects are noticed, as a rule. The aperture of the developed applicators overlap the range 160-630 cm2 providing effective heating field sizes (EFSs) 64-400 cm2, respectively. The most bulky CFMAs with an aperture of (21 x 29) cm2 operating at the frequency of 434 MHz weigh 0.8 kg and 2.5 kg at 27 MHz. Phenomenological analysis of the radiating systems, as well as experimental evaluation of the applicators are presented. CFMAs operating at frequencies of 434 and 40 MHz are used in clinical practice. CFMA at 70 and 27 MHz are subjected to laboratory clinical investigations.
Pathomorphologic effects of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate antagonists in the rat posterior ingulate/retrosplenial cerebral cortex: A review (1994)

Abstract This review discusses available information on the neurotoxicity of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) antagonists in the posterior cingulate/retrosplenial (PC/RS) cortex of rats. NMDA antagonists block the NMDA receptor, a central nervous system ionotropic glutamate receptor, and are neuroprotective since they reduce injury in animal models of ischemia. There is interest in the development and use of NMDA antagonists in treating human cerebrovascular diseases. However, with certain NMDA antagonists, dose‐dependent vacuolization of neurons in the neuroanatomically localized PC/RS cortex occurs as a side effect in rats. NMDA antagonists that cause vacuolization also appear to induce heat shock protein expression and heightened glucose metabolism in the same cortical region. Electron microscopy has shown that after treatment with MK‐801 (dizocilpine maleate), a prototypic noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, the onset of vacuolization is very rapid. Additional studies with MK‐801 have indicated that susceptibility to vacuolization increases between 30 and 90 days of age. Histologic time course studies have demonstrated that as the dose of MK‐801 is increased, some vacuolated neurons become necrotic. Necrotic neurons are readily evident by light microscopy in routine preparations. At a given dose of MK‐801, neuronal necrosis is more extensive in female rats than male rats. Furthermore, necrosis increases along an anterior to posterior gradient within the susceptible PC/RS cortex. A number of compounds with varied central nervous system (CNS) pharmacologic activity (anticholinergics, GABAmimetics, antipsychotics, and general anesthetics) partially or completely prevent neuronal vacuolization. These data suggest a complex pathogenesis for NMDA antagonist‐mediated neurotoxicity and indicate variables which require consideration when designing and interpreting studies with these compounds. Since recent reports have described failure of some NMDA antagonists to produce these side effects, the issues discussed in this review may or may not apply to all NMDA antagonists.
Abstract 272: Checkpoint inhibitor combinations in a human mixed leukocyte reaction (2015)

Abstract In an effort to identify effective target combinations, molecules specific for several immuno-oncology targets were combined in vitro using a mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) assay. Briefly, 20 different healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cell donor pairs were tested for proliferation and cytokine release in the presence of each molecule alone and in combination. The collection of agents targeted CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, and CD73. Examples of significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) synergy as well as antagonism and additivity were observed. In addition the phenotype and genotype of the MLR donor PBMCs were characterized. The results from this study are significant for at least two reasons: 1) In contrast to murine syngeneic models they represent aspects of multiple different human donor “immune responses” and 2) In contrast to purified T-cell assays they represent an assay system in which both the lymphoid and myeloid/innate immune compartments play a crucial role, and so better recapitulate a physiological T-cell response. Furthermore, these results provide information at the human population level, offering a glimpse of “responder” and “non-responder” population profiles. This information is impossible to obtain from the currently available collection of syngeneic mouse models. Citation Format: Erin Sult, Carl Hay, Qihui Huang, Stacy Fuhrmann, Robert Hollingsworth, Kris F. Sachsenmeier. Checkpoint inhibitor combinations in a human mixed leukocyte reaction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 272. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-272
Photochemical Preparation of a Film-Based Catalyst with Spatial Control (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical Preparation of a Film-Based Catalyst with Spatial ControlRobert M. Leasure, John A. Moss, and Thomas J. MeyerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 7, 1247–1248Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00085a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00085a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Affinity capillary electrophoresis can simultaneously measure binding constants of multiple peptides to vancomycin (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAffinity capillary electrophoresis can simultaneously measure binding constants of multiple peptides to vancomycinYen Ho Chu and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 13, 3524–3525Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00039a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00039a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Development and characterization of promoterless helper RNAs for the production of alphavirus replicon particle (2010)

Alphavirus-based replicon systems are frequently used as preclinical vectors and as antigen discovery tools, and they have recently been assessed in clinical vaccine trials. Typically, alphavirus replicon RNAs are delivered within virus-like replicon particles (VRP) that are produced following transfection of replicon RNA and two helper RNAs into permissive cells in vitro. The non-structural proteins expressed from the replicon RNA amplify the replicon RNA in cis and the helper RNAs in trans, the latter providing the viral structural proteins necessary to package the replicon RNA into VRP. Current helper RNA designs incorporate the alphavirus 26S promoter to direct the transcription of high levels of structural gene mRNAs. We demonstrate here that the 26S promoter is not required on helper RNAs to produce VRP and propose that such promoterless helper RNAs, by design, reduce the probability of generating replication-competent virus that may otherwise result from RNA recombination.
Low-Complexity Encoding of Quasi-Cyclic Codes Based on Galois Fourier Transform (2014)

This paper presents two novel low-complexity encoding algorithms for quasi-cyclic (QC) codes based on Galois Fourier transform. The key idea behind them is making use of the block diagonal structure of the transformed generator matrix. The first one, named encoding by Galois Fourier transform, is equivalent to the fast implementations of the traditional encoding by Galois Fourier transform. The second one, named encoding in the transform domain (ETD), requires much less computational complexity for encoding binary QC codes. It skips the first step of the first algorithm and applies post-processing to save a large number of Galois field multiplications. Its application to QC-LDPC codes is also studied in this paper. Particularly, the hardware cost of the ETD for RS-based LDPC codes can be greatly reduced by short linear-feedback shift registers.
High Speed 1H Spectroscopic Imaging in Human Brain by Echo Planar Spatial‐Spectral Encoding (1995)

We introduce a fast and robust spatial-spectral encoding method, which enables acquisition of high resolution short echo time (13 ms) proton spectroscopic images from human brain with acquisition times as short as 64 s when using surface coils. The encoding scheme, which was implemented on a clinical 1.5 Tesla whole body scanner, is a modification of an echo-planar spectroscopic imaging method originally proposed by Mansfield Magn. Reson. Med. 1, 370-386 (1984), and utilizes a series of read-out gradients to simultaneously encode spatial and spectral information. Superficial lipid signals are suppressed by a novel double outer volume suppression along the contours of the brain. The spectral resolution and the signal-to-noise per unit time and unit volume from resonances such as N-acetyl aspartate, choline, creatine, and inositol are comparable with those obtained with conventional methods. The short encoding time of this technique enhances the flexibility of in vivo spectroscopic imaging by reducing motion artifacts and allowing acquisition of multiple data sets with different parameter settings.