gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivochange in ultrasonic backscattered energy with temperature in motion-compensated images (2008)

Ultrasound is an attractive modality for non-invasive imaging to monitor temperature of tumorous regions undergoing hyperthermia therapy. Previously, we predicted monotonic changes in backscattered energy (CBE) of ultrasound with temperature for certain sub-wavelength scatterers. We also measured CBE values similar to our predictions in bovine liver, turkey breast muscle, and pork rib muscle in both 1D and 2D in in vitro studies. To corroborate those results in perfused, living tissue, we measured CBE in both normal tissue and in implanted human tumors (HT29 colon cancer line) in 7 nude mice. Images were formed by a phased-array imager with a 7.5 MHz linear probe during homogeneous heating from 37 degrees to 45 degrees C in 0.5 degrees C steps and from body temperature to 43 degrees C during heterogeneous heating. We used cross-correlation as a similarity measure in RF signals to automatically track feature displacement as a function of temperature. Feature displacement was non-uniform with a maximum value of 1 mm across all specimens during homogeneous heating, and 0.2 mm during heterogeneous heating. Envelopes of image regions, compensated for non-rigid motion, were found with the Hilbert transform then smoothed with a 3 x 3 running average filter before forming the backscattered energy at each pixel. Means of both the positive and negative changes in the BE images were evaluated. CBE was monotonic and accumulated to 4-5 dB during homogeneous heating to 45 degrees C and 3-4 dB during heterogenous heating to 43 degrees C. These results are consistent with our previous in vitro measurements and support the use of CBE for temperature estimation in vivo during hyperthermia.
The potential of recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-mediated virotherapy against metastatic colon cancer (2012)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. The liver and lung are the most common sites of distant metastasis of CRC. The approval of newer chemotherapeutic agents such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan, bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab has significantly improved survival, yet the majority of patients still succumb to the disease in less than 2 years. Novel therapeutic agents that can provide significant clinical benefit for metastatic CRC patients are needed. Oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a promising tool as a cancer therapeutic agent. In this study, we examined the feasibility of repeated intravenous infusions of rVSV in multiple CRC lung metastases, compared with repeated hepatic arterial administration in multifocal CRC liver metastasis in immune competent rats. We established a multifocal liver metastases model or the multiple lung metastases model using a CRC cell line, RCN-H4, implanted into syngeneic F344/DuCrj rats. 4.0x10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) of recombinant VSV vectors expressing mutant (L289A) Newcastle disease virus fusion protein [rVSV-NDV/F(L289A)] were administered 3 times for 3 consecutive days locally via the hepatic artery for liver metastases or systemically via the penial vein for lung metastases. In the liver metastasis model, significantly enhanced survival was observed with rVSV-NDV/F(L289A)-treated rats (P=0.0196). Median survival was 110 and 25 days, respectively. In addition, 4 out of 7 of the rVSV-NDV/F(L289A)-treated rats demonstrated long-term survival exceeding 100 days. The long-term surviving rats were sacrificed to evaluate for residual malignancy. Liver tumors were not detected. In the lung metastasis model, median survival was 10 [VSV-NDV/F(L289A)-treated rats] and 7 days (control). Although survival was significantly prolonged (P<0.001), none of the rats achieved long-term survival. VSV virotherapy has potential for CRC liver and lung metastases, although systemic venous delivery is much less effective than locoregional delivery such as hepatic arterial infusion.
Combined Metalation-Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Coupling Strategies. A Formal Synthesis of the Marine Alkaloid Amphimedine (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCombined Metalation-Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Coupling Strategies. A Formal Synthesis of the Marine Alkaloid AmphimedineF. Guillier, F. Nivoliers, A. Godard, F. Marsais, G. Queguiner, M. A. Siddiqui, and V. SnieckusCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 2, 292–296Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00107a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1664Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (659 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Elevation of Blood Glucose Following Anaesthetic Treatment in C57Bl/6 Mice (2004)

In recent years, targeted disruption of numerous genes in mice has become eminently important in the study of genotype/phenotype relationships in diabetes and metabolism research [1] [2]. The inbred strain of mice most frequently used for such knock-out studies is termed C57Bl/6. Furthermore, mice carrying db/db or ob/ob mutations, which have been extensively studied by researchers for decades, are commonly bred on this particular genetic background.
Overexpression of the ETS-Related Gene, ERG, Predicts a Worse Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Normal Karyotype: A Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study (2005)

ERG overexpression in AML patients with normal cytogenetics predicts an adverse clinical outcome and seems to be associated with a specific molecular signature.
Characterization of Low- and Very-Low-Density Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Containing Particles (2002)

The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-containing particles in the low-density fractions of plasma has been associated with high infectivity. However, the nature of circulating HCV particles and their association with immunoglobulins or lipoproteins as well as the characterization of cell entry have all been subject to conflicting reports. For a better analysis of HCV RNA-containing particles, we quantified HCV RNA in the low-density fractions of plasma corresponding to the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions from untreated chronically HCV-infected patients. HCV RNA was always found in at least one of these fractions and represented 8 to 95% of the total plasma HCV RNA. Surprisingly, immunoglobulins G and M were also found in the low-density fractions and could be used to purify the HCV RNA-containing particles (lipo-viro-particles [LVP]). Purified LVP were rich in triglycerides; contained at least apolipoprotein B, HCV RNA, and core protein; and appeared as large spherical particles with a diameter of more than 100 nm and with internal structures. Delipidation of these particles resulted in capsid-like structures recognized by anti-HCV core protein antibody. Purified LVP efficiently bind and enter hepatocyte cell lines, while serum or whole-density fractions do not. Binding of these particles was competed out by VLDL and LDL from noninfected donors and was blocked by anti-apolipoprotein B and E antibodies, whereas upregulation of the LDL receptor increased their internalization. These results suggest that the infectivity of LVP is mediated by endogenous proteins rather than by viral components providing a mechanism of escape from the humoral immune response.
Methanol tolerant FeTPP-Pt/C Co-catalysts for the electroreduction of oxygen (2002)

It was found for the first time that iron tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP)-Pt/C showed the good activity for the electroreduction of oxygen and methanol tolerant ability. Their performances were related to the heat-treatment temperature.
Characterization of Directly Modulated Self-Seeded Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Utilized as Colorless Transmitters in WDM-PONs (2013)

The transmission performances of the wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical networks based on directly modulated self-seeded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs) are investigated and analyzed. The impacts of signal extinction ratio (ER), stable seeding power, pattern length dependency, bandwidth and shape factor of the wavelength multiplexer within the self-seeding cavity, and length of the self-seeding cavity on the transmission performance are investigated. The ER is optimized to bring the best receiver sensitivity when the loss of the self-seeding cavity is fixed. The optimal ER and the corresponding receiver sensitivity are improved with the stable seeding power which decreases with the loss of the self-seeding cavity. Compared to the Gaussian-shaped pass band, the wavelength multiplexer with a flat-top pass band brings better transmission performances and enables error-free transmission with a smaller pass band bandwidth. The transmission performance of the directly modulated self-seeded RSOA is robust against the phase perturbation induced by the micro change in the cavity length but is degraded remarkably when the cavity length is extended to several kilometers. Nevertheless, error-free transmission is achieved when the cavity length is extended to 4 km. The findings of this paper provide a better understanding of the mechanism of the directly modulated self-seeded RSOAs and also guidance on designing the WDM-PON systems using the self-seeded RSOAs.
Quantitative detection of siRNA and single-stranded oligonucleotides: relationship between uptake and biological activity of siRNA (2004)

The quantitative detection of oligomeric nucleic acids including short double-stranded RNA in cells and tissues becomes increasingly important. Here, we describe a method for the detection of siRNA in extracts prepared from mammalian cells, which is based on liquid hybridization with a 32P-labelled probe followed by a nuclease protection step. The limit of detection of absolute amounts of siRNA is in the order of 10-100 amol. This methodology is suited to quantitatively follow the spontaneous uptake of siRNA by mammalian cells, i.e. without the use of carrier substances. This protocol may also be used to detect extremely low amounts of other kinds of short nucleic acids, including antisense oligonucleotides.
Selective sample recovery of DEP-separated cells and particles by phaseguide-controlled laminar flow (2006)

The selective recovery of particles is demonstrated after separation with dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces. Particles are separated based on their size using the so-called cage-speed separation protocol. A two-lane laminar flow enables the selective recovery of the particles. In order to prevent hydrostatic pressure flow, liquid reservoirs are absent. The sample liquid is thus replaced with air during recovery. Phaseguides are introduced in the system to control the liquid–air interface, so that the two-lane laminar flow profile is preserved.
Temporal nature of the promoter and not relative strength determines the expression of an extensively processed protein in a baculovirus system (1993)

We demonstrate that the expression of extensively modified and secreted heterologous proteins synthesized in the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) depends on the temporal nature of the promoter transcribing the foreign gene. The beta subunit of the human chorionic gonadotropin, an extensively modified secretory glycoprotein hormone was expressed under the transcriptional control of the AcNPV basic protein gene promoter (MP) and the polyhedrin gene promoter (POL), respectively. MP, activated late in the infection cycle, is a weaker promoter when compared to the stronger very late POL promoter. Levels of secretion, immunoreactivity and bioactivity of recombinant proteins, beta hCGMP and beta hCGPOL synthesized under control of the MP and POL promoter were compared. Secretion of beta h CGMP was relatively higher. Enzymatic analysis revealed that the synthesized protein was sialylated. Receptor binding assays and testosterone stimulation assays in a mouse Leydig cell system demonstrated that on a unit protein basis, beta hCGMP was biologically more active than beta hCGPOL.
Progress and Prospects in Permeation (1999)

Many laboratories study the movement of ions through single channel molecules every day using the dazzling techniques of molecular and membrane biology. Atomic details of a channel are changed and the correlations of structure and function are observed routinely, but the correlations have been
Accuracy of fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo FLASH MR imaging in the detection of patellofemoral articular cartilage abnormalities. (1996)

T1-weighted FS 3D FLASH imaging is accurate for the detection and grading of articular cartilage abnormalities of the patellofemoral joint.
Protein identification in DNA databases by peptide mass fingerprinting (1994)

Proteins can be identified using a set of peptide fragment weights produced by a specific digestion to search a protein database in which sequences have been replaced by fragment weights calculated for various cleavage methods. We present a method using multidimensional searches that greatly increases the confidence level for identification, allowing DNA sequence databases to be examined. This method provides a link between 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis protein databases and genome sequencing projects. Moreover, the increased confidence level allows unknown proteins to be matched to expressed sequence tags, potentially eliminating the need to obtain sequence information for cloning. Database searching from a mass profile is offered as a free service by an automatic server at the ETH, Zürich. For information, send an electronic message to the address cbrg/inf.ethz.ch with the line: help mass search, or help all.
Generation of Cathode Passivation Films via Oxidation of Lithium Bis(oxalato) Borate on High Voltage Spinel (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) (2014)

The reactions of lithium ion battery electrolyte (LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl, EC/EMC, 3:7 v/v) with and without added lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) on the surface of high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathodes has been investigated via a combination of electrochemical measurements, in situ gas analysis, and ex situ surface analysis. The oxidation of LiBOB on the cathode results in the generation of CO2 and a cathode passivation film containing borate oxalates. The cathode passivation film inhibits oxidation of the bulk electrolyte at high potential (>4.8 V vs Li/Li+).
Development of an in vitro Primary Screen for Skin Depigmentation and Antimelanoma Agents (1994)

An in vitro cell culture assay was developed to identify inhibitors of melanogenesis and agents which produce cytostatic or cytotoxic effects specifically in melanocytes. A total of 50 compounds related to tyrosine, dihydroxyphenylalanine, and hydroquinone (HQ) were tested in vitro in order to determine their effects upon a murine melanocyte cell line, Mel-Ab, that produces copious amounts of melanin in culture. The agents that demonstrated an inhibition of growth or pigment production by 50% (IC50) at < 100 micrograms/ml were considered active. The cytotoxicity of melanocyte-active compounds were also tested in vitro on a control nonmelanocyte cell line (HT 1080), using a simple crystal violet staining method to quantitate adherent cell number after treatment. The cell culture assay was validated with known potent melanocyte cytotoxic agents, including HQ and 4-S-cysteaminylphenol (4-S-CAP). Although most cytotoxic chemicals were nonspecific in this primary screen (i.e. killing both Mel-Ab and HT-1080 cells), several of the compounds tested exhibited high melanocyte-specific cytotoxicity, similar to HQ and 4-S-CAP. Potentially these compounds may be useful as either antimelanoma or skin depigmentation agents. All of the compounds identified as active in this primary screen were cytotoxic or cytostatic to melanocytes, except for the methyl ester of gentisic acid, which uniquely inhibited the de novo synthesis of melanin without cytotoxicity.
VLA Proteins in the Integrin Family: Structures, Functions, and Their Role on Leukocytes (1990)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
A Link Between Cyclin A Expression and Adhesion-Dependent Cell Cycle Progression (1993)

Cell adhesion has an essential role in regulating proliferation during the G 1 phase of the cell cycle, and loss of this adhesion requirement is a classic feature of oncogenic transformation. The appearance of cyclin A messenger RNA and protein in late G 1 was dependent on cell adhesion in both NRK and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. In contrast, the expression of Cdc2, Cdk2, cyclin D1, and cyclin E was independent of adhesion in both cell lines. Transfection of NRK cells with a cyclin A complementary DNA resulted in adhesion-independent accumulation of cyclin A protein and cyclin A-associated kinase activity. These transfected cells also entered S phase and complete multiple rounds of cell division in the absence of cell adhesion. Thus, cyclin A is a target of the adhesion-dependent signals that control cell proliferation.
International Fanconi Anemia Registry: relation of clinical symptoms to diepoxybutane sensitivity (1989)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is characterized clinically by a progressive pancytopenia, diverse congenital abnormalities and increased predisposition to malignancy. Although a variable phenotype makes accurate diagnosis on the basis of clinical manifestations difficult in some patients, study of cellular sensitivity to the clastogenic effect of DNA cross-linking agents such as diepoxybutane (DEB) has been used to facilitate the diagnosis. Data from DEB-induced chromosomal breakage studies of 328 peripheral blood specimens from patients considered at risk for FA were analyzed using a stepwise multivariate logistic regression, in order to determine which method of representing the data best discriminated between DEB-sensitive (DEB+) and DEB-insensitive (DEB-) cases. Similar methods were applied to the data from the International Fanconi Anemia Registry (IFAR) to determine whether DEB+ and DEB- cases may be considered as distinct clinical entities, and if so, which variables provide the best discrimination between the two groups. We conclude that hypersensitivity to the clastogenic effect of DEB is a useful discriminator for FA. A simplified scoring method for classifying patients on the basis of eight clinical manifestations that are the best predictors for FA is presented. Our data indicate that the clinical diversity in FA is more widespread than previously recognized.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm as a diffusion barrier to piperacillin (1992)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa 579 biofilms formed on dialysis membranes retarded piperacillin diffusion. Treatment of biofilms with 5.0 mM CaCl2.2H2O prevented diffusion. Biofilms permitted equilibration of [14C]glucose. Thin-layer chromatography of fluids distal to untreated (viable and nonviable) and viable Ca(2+)-treated P. aeruginosa 579 biofilms and fluids distal to a viable P. aeruginosa mutant noninducible for the expression of beta-lactamase did not detect piperacillinoic acid.
Specific atrial overexpression of G protein coupled human 1 adrenoceptors in transgenic mice (1993)

These transgenic mice may provide a useful pharmacological tool to investigate the pathophysiological consequences of the overactivation of atrial beta 1 adrenoceptor-adenylyl cyclase signalling system.
Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of human colorectal xenografts with bispecific antibody and 131I-labeled bivalent hapten. (2000)

High cure rates of LS174T colon carcinoma were achieved with the AES, and the flexibility of the pretargeting approach allowed the control of hematologic toxicity, which is the main limitation to dose escalation with conventional RIT.
Identification of putative proteins involved in granule biogenesis of tick salivary glands (2001)

Ticks secrete bioactive components during feeding that assist them in gaining a blood meal. Compounds secreted are stored in granules until a stimulus induces secretion during feeding. Biogenesis of tick secretory granules has not been investigated before. An adequate understanding of granule biogenesis could advance our understanding of tick salivary gland biology and could aid in the rational design of tick control methods. Putative tick salivary gland proteins 1-4 (TSGP1-4) involved in granule biogenesis were identified in this study based on their abundance in salivary gland extracts and granule preparations and their ability to aggregate under conditions of slight acidity and high calcium concentration. TSGP2 and TSGP3 have been identified as previously described toxic and nontoxic homologues, respectively, while toxicity was also associated with TSGP4.
Differentiation of Pancreatic Tumours by Conventional Ultrasound, Unenhanced and Echo-Enhanced Power Doppler Sonography (2002)

Echo-enhanced power Doppler sonography has a high sensitivity and specificity in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic tumours. However, histology is the standard of reference.