gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Peptide Display Libraries: Design and Construction (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electronic transport properties of conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes (2000)

We review and compare electronic transport in different types of conducting polymer: conjugated organic polymers, the inorganic polymer polysulphur nitride, alkali-metal fulleride polymers, and carbon nanotubes. In each case, the transport properties show some unusual features compared to conventional metals.
High plasma fibrinogen level represents an independent negative prognostic factor regarding cancer-specific, metastasis-free, as well as overall survival in a European cohort of non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients (2013)

A high plasma fibrinogen level seems to represent a strong and independent negative prognostic factor regarding CSS, MFS and OS in non-metastatic RCC patients. Thus, this easily determinable laboratory value should be considered as an additional prognostic factor for RCC patients' individual risk assessment.
Deletion Mapping of the Encephalomyocarditis Virus Primary Cleavage Site (2001)

The cotranslational, primary self-cleavage reaction of cardiovirus polyprotein relies on a highly conserved, short segment of amino acids at the 2A-2B protein boundary. The amino terminus of the required element for encephalomyocarditis virus has now been mapped to include Tyr(126) of the 2A protein, the 18th amino acid before the cleavage site.
A smart camera for real-time human activity recognition (2002)

This paper describes a smart camera system under development at Princeton University. This smart camera is designed for use in a smart room in which the camera detects the presence of a person in its visual field and determines when various gestures are made by the person. As a first step toward a VLSI implementation, we use Trimedia processors hosted by a PC. This paper describes the relationship between the algorithms used for human activity detection and the architectures required to perform these tasks in real time.
Crystal structure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase complexed with double-stranded DNA at 3.0 A resolution shows bent DNA. (1993)

The crystal structure of a ternary complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) heterodimer (p66/p51), a 19-base/18-base double-stranded DNA template-primer, and a monoclonal antibody Fab fragment has been determined at 3.0 A resolution. The four individual subdomains of RT that make up the polymerase domains of p66 and p51 are named fingers, palm, thumb, and connection [Kohlstaedt, L. A., Wang, J., Friedman, J. M., Rice, P. A. & Steitz, T. A. (1992) Science 256, 1783-1790]. The overall folding of the subdomains is similar in p66 and p51 but the spatial arrangements of the subdomains are dramatically different. The template-primer has A-form and B-form regions separated by a significant bend (40-45 degrees). The most numerous nucleic acid interactions with protein occur primarily along the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA and involve amino acid residues of the palm, thumb, and fingers of p66. Highly conserved regions are located in the p66 palm near the polymerase active site. These structural elements, together with two alpha-helices of the thumb of p66, act as a clamp to position the template-primer relative to the polymerase active site. The 3'-hydroxyl of the primer terminus is close to the catalytically essential Asp-110, Asp-185, and Asp-186 residues at the active site and is in a position for nucleophilic attack on the alpha-phosphate of an incoming nucleoside triphosphate. The structure of the HIV-1 RT/DNA/Fab complex should aid our understanding of general mechanisms of nucleic acid polymerization. AIDS therapies may be enhanced by a fuller understanding of drug inhibition and resistance emerging from these studies.
Introduction and Spread of Pest Mole Crickets: Scapteriscus vicinus and S. acletus Reexamined1 (1981)

Journal Article Introduction and Spread of Pest Mole Crickets: Scapteriscus vicinus and S. acletus Reexamined Get access T. J. Walker, T. J. Walker 2 Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, and Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA SEA % U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560 2Research Associate, Florida State Collection of Arthropods. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. A. Nickle D. A. Nickle Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, and Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA SEA % U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 74, Issue 2, 15 March 1981, Pages 158–163, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/74.2.158 Published: 15 March 1981 Article history Received: 04 August 1980 Published: 15 March 1981
The effects of condensed tannin in Lotus corniculatus upon nutrient metabolism and upon body and wool growth in grazing sheep (1994)

Lotlrs cornicufatus containing 23 g/kg DM of extractable condensed tannin (CT) and 35 g total CT/kg DM was fed to sheep in two experiments. In both experiments half the sheep received supplementation with polyethylene glycol (PEG), which binds and inactivates CT, enabling the effects of CT to be quantified by comparing control sheep (CT operating) with PEG sheep (CT inactivated). Experiment 1 was conducted indoors, with sheep held in metabolism crates and fed hourly to determine the effects of CT upon apparent digestibility and upon plasma irreversible loss (IRL) rates of methionine, cystine and inorganic sulphate, using 3sS labelling. Experiment 2 was a field trial with weanedlambsgivenarestrictedallowanceofeitherIoruscorniculutus(CT-containing)orluceme(non CT-containing), WithorwithoutPEG supplementation. In Experiment 1, CT slightly lowered the apparent digestibility of organic matter (0.77 vs 0.80 ; F c 0. I), hemicellulose (0.61 vs 0.67 ; P =O. I 18) and markedly reduced nitrogen apparent digestibility (0.72 vs 0.80 ; P c O.Ol), but had no effect upon cellulose digestibility. CT increased the IRL of plasma cystine (13.1 vs 7.0 pmol/min ; P c 0.05) and reduced the IRL of plasma inorganic sulphate (36.8 vs 48.1 p.mol/min ; PC 0.01) but had no effect upon plasma methionine IRL. In Experiment 2, live weight gain and wool growth were similar for sheep grazing luceme (with and without PEG supplementation) and for sheep grazing lotus with PEG supplementation. In sheep grazing lotus, action of CT increased wool production (12.1 vs 10.9 gld ; P c 0.05) and slightly increased live weight gain (203 vs 188 g/d; P4.07). These experiments showed that CT in Lotus corniculutus increased the amount of cystine available for body synthetic reactions and increased wool growth.
Estrogen and antagonist‐induced structural changes in the cervico‐vaginal epithelium of immature rats (1975)

Estrogen enhances proliferation and keratin formation in the cervico-vaginal epithelium of immature rats, whereas the estrogen antagonist, CI-628 (Parke-Davis), represses mitosis and induces mucinogenesis. Combinations of antagonist and estrogen allow differentiation of an epithelium composed of both keratin-forming and mucous cells. Both estrogen and antagonist induce synthesis of a cervico-vaginal endogenous peroxidase in the intermediate and superficial layers of the epithelium. The secreted vaginal mucus of antagonist-treated animals stains intensely for exogenous peroxidase.
Sterols regulate processing of carbohydrate chains of wild-type SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), but not sterol-resistant mutants Y298C or D443N (1998)

SREBP cleavage activating protein (SCAP), a membrane-bound glycoprotein, regulates the proteolytic activation of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs), which are membrane-bound transcription factors that control lipid synthesis in animal cells. SCAP-stimulated proteolysis releases active fragments of SREBPs from membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and allows them to enter the nucleus where they activate transcription. Sterols such as 25-hydroxycholesterol inactivate SCAP, suppressing SREBP proteolysis and turning off cholesterol synthesis. We here report the isolation of Chinese hamster ovary cells with a point mutation in SCAP (Y298C) that renders the protein resistant to inhibition by 25-hydroxycholesterol. Like the previously described D443N mutation, the Y298C mutation occurs within the putative sterol-sensing domain, which is part of the polytopic membrane attachment region of SCAP. Cells that express SCAP(Y298C) continued to process SREBPs in the presence of 25-hydroxycholesterol and hence they resisted killing by this sterol. In wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells the N-linked carbohydrate chains of SCAP were mostly in the endoglycosidase H-sensitive form when cells were grown in medium containing 25-hydroxycholesterol. In contrast, when cells were grown in sterol-depleted medium, these chains were converted to an endoglycosidase H-resistant form. 25-Hydroxycholesterol had virtually no effect in cells expressing SCAP(D443N) or SCAP(Y298C). The relation between this regulated carbohydrate processing to the SCAP-regulated proteolysis of SREBP remains to be explored.
Inhibition of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase by Guanosine Quartet Structures (1996)

An oligonucleotide (T30177) composed entirely of deoxyguanosine and thymidine has previously been shown to fold upon itself in the presence of potassium into a highly stable four-stranded DNA structure containing two stacked deoxyguanosine quartets (G4s). T30177 also protects host cells from the cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We report that this G4 oligonucleotide is the most potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase identified to date, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Both the number of quartets formed and the sequence of the loops between the quartets are important for optimal activity. T30177 binds to HIV-1 integrase without being processed and blocks the binding of the normal viral DNA substrate to the enzyme. The normal DNA substrate was not able to compete off T30177 binding to HIV-1 integrase, indicating a tight binding of G4s to the enzyme. Experiments with truncated HIV-1 integrases indicate that the N-terminal region containing a putative zinc finger is required for inhibition by T30177 and that T30177 binds better to full-length or deletion mutant integrases containing the zinc finger region than to a deletion mutant consisting of only the central catalytic domain. The N-terminal region of integrase alone is able to bind efficiently to T30177, but not the linear viral DNA substrate, in the presence of zinc. Hence, G4s represent the first class of compounds that inhibit HIV-1 integrase by interacting with the enzyme N-terminal domain. The greater inhibitory potency of T30177 in buffer containing magnesium versus manganese suggests that divalent metal ion coordination along the phosphodiester backbone may play a role in the inhibitory activity. T30177 inhibited HIV-2 integrase with similar potency as HIV-1 but inhibited feline and simian immunodeficiency virus integrases at higher concentrations, suggesting selectivity can be achieved. We propose that novel AIDS therapies could be based upon guanosine quarters as inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase.
Studies on organic fluorine compounds. 38. Ring-opening reactions of gem-difluorocyclopropyl ketones with nucleophiles (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on organic fluorine compounds. 38. Ring-opening reactions of gem-difluorocyclopropyl ketones with nucleophilesYoshiro Kobayashi, Takeo Taguchi, Tsutomu Morikawa, Toyohiko Takase, and Hiroshi TakanashiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 17, 3232–3236Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00138a006Request reuse permissionsArticle Views530Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (592 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conversion of a Metastable Superhydrophobic Surface to an Ultraphobic Surface (2008)

Superhydrophobic surfaces in Wenzel and metastable wetting state were prepared and the conversion of such surfaces to ultraphobic surfaces was reported by the application of a fine-scale roughness. Silicon nitride substrates with hexagonally arranged pillars were prepared by micromachining. The two-scale roughness was achieved by coating these substrates with 60 nm silica nanoparticles. The surface was made hydrophobic by silanization with octadecytrichlorosilane (OTS). Wettability studies of the silicon nitride flat surface, silicon nitride pillars, and the surfaces with two-scale roughness showed that a two-scale roughness can effectively improve the hydrophobicity of surfaces with a higher apparent contact angle and reduced contact angle hysteresis when the original rough surface was in a metastable or Wenzel state. This study shows the pathway of converting a metastable hydrophobic surface to an ultraphobic surface by the introduction of a fine-scale roughness, which adds to the literature a new aspect of fine-scale roughness effect.
A Review on the Nonpharmacological Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Antihypertensive Effects (2019)

Hypertension is a global health concern. Although the pharmacological treatment has obvious antihypertensive effects, there are still some limitations on management of hypertension by drug therapy alone. In recent years, the nonpharmacological therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gradually become an important mean to help the prevention and treatment of hypertension in some Eastern countries. In this review, the nonpharmacological TCM therapies, including acupuncture, tuina, Tai Chi, and auricular-plaster, are covered along with the mechanism.
Progress in the development of novel treatments for colorectal cancer. (2004)

Colorectal cancer remains one of the major causes of cancer death worldwide, but the past few years have witnessed the development of a number of new, effective treatment options, which have led to considerable improvement in the survival rate for patients suffering from this common cancer. The advent of agents such as capecitabine (Xeloda), irinotecan (Camptosar), and oxaliplatin (Eloxatin), and newer molecular targeted agents such as cetuximab (Erbitux) and bevacizumab (Avastin) brought innovation to the treatment of colorectal cancer. Oncologists are no longer restricted to using fluorouracil and its variations as the only active treatment, and the number of patients who are able to live longer continues to increase. Patients presenting with stage III cancer can expect a greater chance for cure, and those presenting with metastatic disease can expect a median survival approaching 2 years.
Advances in the understanding of cobalamin assimilation and metabolism (2009)

The haematological and neurological consequences of cobalamin deficiency define the essential role of this vitamin in key metabolic reactions. The identification of cubilin-amnionless as the receptors for intestinal absorption of intrinsic factor-bound cobalamin and the plasma membrane receptor for cellular uptake of transcobalamin bound cobalamin have provided a clearer understanding of the absorption and cellular uptake of this vitamin. As the genes involved in the intracellular processing of cobalamins and genetic defects of these pathways are identified, the metabolic disposition of cobalamins and the proteins involved are being recognized. The synthesis of methylcobalamin and 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, their utilization in conjunction with methionine synthase and methylmalonylCoA mutase, respectively, and the metabolic consequences of defects in these pathways could provide insights into the clinical presentation of cobalamin deficiency.
RB Associates with an E2F-like, Sequence-specific DNA-binding Protein (1991)

The loss of retinoblastoma gene (RB) function, through either deletion or mutation of the RB locus, is characteristic of all retinoblastomas and is a frequent event in the evolution of a number of other human tumors, including osteosarcomas, small cell lung carcinomas, and breast carcinomas (for review, see Marshall 1991). RB function is also lost by the physical association of the RB protein with oncoproteins from several DNA tumor viruses (DeCaprio et al. 1988; Whyte et al. 1988; Dyson et al. 1989, 1990). Accumulated evidence indicates that the interaction with RB is, in each case, a key component of the viral oncogene transforming mechanism. In normal cells, RB is phosphorylated and dephosphorylated at discrete points within the cell cycle and appears to function as a cell cycle regulatory element, possibly governing the exit from G0/G1 into S (Buchkovich et al. 1989; DeCaprio et al. 1989). Although the molecular mechanism whereby...
Direct Site-Selective Covalent Protein Immobilization Catalyzed by a Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase (2008)

Immobilization of proteins onto solid supports is important in the preparation of functional protein microarrays and in the development of bead-based bioassays, biosensors, and industrial biocatalysts. In order to generate the stable, functional, and homogeneous materials required for these applications, attention has focused on methods that enable the efficient and site-specific covalent immobilization of recombinant proteins onto a wide range of platforms. To this end, the phosphopantetheinyl transferase Sfp was employed to catalyze the direct immobilization of recombinant proteins bearing the small, genetically encoded ybbR tag onto surfaces functionalized with CoA. Using mass spectrometry, it was shown that the Sfp catalyzes immobilization of a model acyl carrier protein (ACP) onto CoA-derivatized PEGA resin beads through specific covalent bond formation. Luciferase (Luc) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) ybbR-fusion proteins were similarly immobilized onto PEGA resin retaining high levels of enzyme activity. This strategy was also successfully applied for the immobilization of the ACP, as well as ybbR-Luc, -GST, and -thioredoxin fusion proteins, on hydrogel microarray slides. Overall, the Sfp-catalyzed surface ligation is mild, quantitative, and rapid, occurring in a single step without prior chemical modification of the target protein. Immobilization of the target proteins directly from a cell lysate mixture was also demonstrated.
Suppressive Potential of <i>Paenibacillus</i> Strains Isolated from the Tomato Phyllosphere against Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of Tomato (2014)

The suppressive potentials of Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains isolated from the tomato phyllosphere were investigated to obtain new biocontrol candidates against Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato. The suppressive activities of 20 bacterial strains belonging to these genera were examined using seedlings and potted tomato plants, and two Paenibacillus strains (12HD2 and 42NP7) were selected as biocontrol candidates against the disease. These two strains suppressed the disease in the field experiment. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the treated bacterial cells colonized the root surface, and when the roots of the seedlings were treated with strain 42NP7 cells, the cell population was maintained on the roots for at least for 4 weeks. Although the bacterial strains had no direct antifungal activity against the causal pathogen in vitro, an increase was observed in the antifungal activities of acetone extracts from tomato roots treated with the cells of both bacterial strains. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis verified that the expression of defense-related genes was induced in both the roots and leaves of seedlings treated with the bacterial cells. Thus, the root-colonized cells of the two Paenibacillus strains were considered to induce resistance in tomato plants, which resulted in the suppression of the disease.
Novel Targets for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1994)

Until the cause(s) of inflammatory bowel disease are identified, improvements in therapy will likely come from improved anti-inflammatory therapy or improved drug delivery systems. There are many potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapy, including the synthesis of specific inflammatory mediators. This review focuses on the potential for developing therapy aimed at three targets: nerves and neuropeptides; coagulation and thrombosis; and adhesion molecules. In each case, evidence is presented from clinical and/or experimental studies that supports the hypothesis that these are rational targets for anti-inflammatory drug development.
Synthesis of Medicinally Interesting 2,4-Diamino-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-6-ols via Extension of the Nenitzescu Reaction (2004)

The title compounds 6 were prepared by a one-step procedure from 1,4-benzoquinone (1) and pyrimidine-2,4,6-triamines 2 via an extension of the Nenitzescu reaction. Formation of 9H-­pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles 6 can be calculated by 13C NMR values of C-5 of the pyrimidine-2,4,6-triamines 2.
Reusable Oxidation Catalysis Using Metal-Monocatecholato Species in a Robust Metal–Organic Framework (2014)

An isolated metal-monocatecholato moiety has been achieved in a highly robust metal-organic framework (MOF) by two fundamentally different postsynthetic strategies: postsynthetic deprotection (PSD) and postsynthetic exchange (PSE). Compared with PSD, PSE proved to be a more facile and efficient functionalization approach to access MOFs that could not be directly synthesized under solvothermal conditions. Metalation of the catechol functionality residing in the MOFs resulted in unprecedented Fe-monocatecholato and Cr-monocatecholato species, which were characterized by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The resulting materials are among the first examples of Zr(IV)-based UiO MOFs (UiO = University of Oslo) with coordinatively unsaturated active metal centers. Importantly, the Cr-metalated MOFs are active and efficient catalysts for the oxidation of alcohols to ketones using a wide range of substrates. Catalysis could be achieved with very low metal loadings (0.5-1 mol %). Unlike zeolite-supported, Cr-exchange oxidation catalysts, the MOF-based catalysts reported here are completely recyclable and reusable, which may make them attractive catalysts for 'green' chemistry processes.
Using GeneWise in the Drosophila Annotation Experiment (2000)

The GeneWise method for combining gene prediction and homology searches was applied to the 2.9-Mb region from Drosophila melanogaster. The results from the Genome Annotation Assessment Project (GASP) showed that GeneWise provided reasonably accurate gene predictions. Further investigation indicates that many of the incorrect gene predictions from GeneWise were due to transposons with valid protein-coding genes and the remaining cases are pseudogenes or possible annotation oversights.