gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Come and Eat (2013)

Research Article| May 01 2013 Come and Eat Erica Cavanagh Erica Cavanagh Erica Cavanagh’s essays have appeared in North American Review, Iowa Review, and Missouri Review. She teaches nonfiction workshops in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Gastronomica (2013) 13 (2): 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2013.13.2.3 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Erica Cavanagh; Come and Eat. Gastronomica 1 May 2013; 13 (2): 3–6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2013.13.2.3 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentGastronomica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California2013 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Angiogenin: A Novel Inhibitor of Neutrophil Lactoferrin Release during Extracorporeal Circulation (2003)

Degranulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) occurs during extracorporeal circulation. A degranulation-inhibiting protein identical to angiogenin was recently isolated from high-flux dialyzer ultrafiltrate. This protein inhibits the release of lactoferrin and metalloproteinases from PMNL in vitro. In the present study, we investigated end-stage renal disease patients undergoing regular hemodialysis treatment with either high-flux dialyzers (n = 51) or low-flux dialyzers (n = 44), and chronically uremic patients undergoing hemodiafiltration (n = 30). Hemodialysis therapy with low-flux polysulfone or cellulose triacetate membranes caused no or only minimal reduction (</=8%) of plasma angiogenin levels within 2 h of dialysis treatment associated with a 1.6-fold lactoferrin release from PMNL. Hemodialysis therapy with high-flux membranes (e.g. cellulose triacetate, polymethylmethacrylate) or hemodiafiltration resulted in a reduction of plasma angiogenin levels by 20-40% after 2 h associated with a nearly 4-fold PMNL lactoferrin release. The release of PMNL elastase was not affected by the different treatment modalities used. We conclude that high angiogenin plasma levels protect against lactoferrin release from PMNL during extracorporeal circulation in chronically uremic patients. A decrease of plasma angiogenin between 20 and 40% during extracorporeal circulation, however, results in marked PMNL lactoferrin release. This novel mechanism may explain, at least in part, PMNL degranulation also in non complement activating high-flux membranes.
Dietary Marine Algae Promotes Efficient Deposition of n-3 Fatty Acids for the Production of Enriched Shell Eggs (1996)

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the usefulness of a natural golden marine algae (MA) as a poultry ration supplement for the production of shell eggs rich in n-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA). This MA is unique due to a high concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3) and the absence of other n-3 FA normally present in marine oils such as menhaden oil (MO). In the first experiment, 60 24-wk-old Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) hens were divided among four dietary treatments, including a typical corn-soybean control (CON); 1.5% MO, supplying 233 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 155 mg DHA per d; 2.4% MA, supplying 200 mg DHA/d; and 4.8% MA, supplying 400 mg DHA/d. A second experiment using 96 56-wk-old SCWL was conducted using the same diets. In both experiments, eggs were collected weekly for 4 wk for determination of egg production parameters and yolk FA content. Each week, yolk samples were extracted, methyl estered, and quantified using gas chromatography. Transient depression in egg and yolk weights were noted early in Experiment 1 in response to dietary 4.8% MA. Although egg and yolk weights were not affected in Experiment 2, egg production was significantly reduced in the 4.8% MA treatment. Egg production was unaffected due to diet or week in Experiment 1. In both experiments, yolk polyunsaturated profiles were significantly influenced by diet. Dietary n-3 FA supplementation significantly increased yolk total N-3 FA with concomitant reductions in yolk n-6 FA. Although hens fed MO were supplied predominantly EPA, the principal yolk FA deposited was DHA. Marine algae also promoted efficient yolk DHA deposition with the highest yolk DHA concentrations attained in eggs from hens fed 4.8% MA. These data indicate that utilization of MA as a direct source of dietary n-3 FA may provide an efficient alternative to current sources of n-3 FA available for the production of poultry products rich in n-3 FA.
Local Evidence Aggregation for Regression-Based Facial Point Detection (2012)

We propose a new algorithm to detect facial points in frontal and near-frontal face images. It combines a regression-based approach with a probabilistic graphical model-based face shape model that restricts the search to anthropomorphically consistent regions. While most regression-based approaches perform a sequential approximation of the target location, our algorithm detects the target location by aggregating the estimates obtained from stochastically selected local appearance information into a single robust prediction. The underlying assumption is that by aggregating the different estimates, their errors will cancel out as long as the regressor inputs are uncorrelated. Once this new perspective is adopted, the problem is reformulated as how to optimally select the test locations over which the regressors are evaluated. We propose to extend the regression-based model to provide a quality measure of each prediction, and use the shape model to restrict and correct the sampling region. Our approach combines the low computational cost typical of regression-based approaches with the robustness of exhaustive-search approaches. The proposed algorithm was tested on over 7,500 images from five databases. Results showed significant improvement over the current state of the art.
Bifidobacteria and Butyrate-Producing Colon Bacteria: Importance and Strategies for Their Stimulation in the Human Gut (2016)

With the increasing amount of evidence linking certain disorders of the human body to a disturbed gut microbiota, there is a growing interest for compounds that positively influence its composition and activity through diet. Besides the consumption of probiotics to stimulate favorable bacterial communities in the human gastrointestinal tract, prebiotics such as inulin-type fructans (ITF) and arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS) can be consumed to increase the number of bifidobacteria in the colon. Several functions have been attributed to bifidobacteria, encompassing degradation of non-digestible carbohydrates, protection against pathogens, production of vitamin B, antioxidants, and conjugated linoleic acids, and stimulation of the immune system. During life, the numbers of bifidobacteria decrease from up to 90% of the total colon microbiota in vaginally delivered breast-fed infants to <5% in the colon of adults and they decrease even more in that of elderly as well as in patients with certain disorders such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, allergies, and regressive autism. It has been suggested that the bifidogenic effects of ITF and AXOS are the result of strain-specific yet complementary carbohydrate degradation mechanisms within cooperating bifidobacterial consortia. Except for a bifidogenic effect, ITF and AXOS also have shown to cause a butyrogenic effect in the human colon, i.e., an enhancement of colon butyrate production. Butyrate is an essential metabolite in the human colon, as it is the preferred energy source for the colon epithelial cells, contributes to the maintenance of the gut barrier functions, and has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that the butyrogenic effects of ITF and AXOS are the result of cross-feeding interactions between bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing colon bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (clostridial cluster IV) and Anaerostipes, Eubacterium, and Roseburia species (clostridial cluster XIVa). These kinds of interactions possibly favor the co-existence of bifidobacterial strains with other bifidobacteria and with butyrate-producing colon bacteria in the human colon.
MBE growth of GaAs on Si at Thomson (1988)

Three difficulties have been encountered in the growth of high quality GaAs films on Si substrates. Firstly, the epitaxy of a polar material on a nonpolar substrate can lead to antiphase domains. However, it seems to be possible to obtain antiphase-free growths even for double domain Si substrates which have one monolayer steps on their surface. Secondly, the 4% lattice mismatch between GaAs and Si results in a high density of dislocations: 10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ at the interface and threading dislocations in the range of 10/sup 6/ cm/sup -2/. Thirdly, the different thermal expansion of GaAs and Si leads to a concave curvature of the sample, and microcracks in GaAs when the GaAs thickness is greater than 3 mu m. The authors present the work which has been done at Thomson on the growth optimization and the characterization of GaAs and Si grown by MBE, the results on MESFET structures, the integration of MOSFET and MESFET on the same Si substrate and the realization of GaAs optical waveguides on Si. >
Performance and Fairness Issues in Big Data Transfers (2014)

We present performance and fairness analysis of two TCP- based (GridFTP and FDT) and one UDP-based (UDT) big data transfer protocols. We perform long-haul performance experiments using a 10 Gb/s national network, and conduct fairness tests in our 10 Gb/s local network. Our results show that GridFTP with jumbo frames provides fast data transfers. GridFTP is also fair in sharing bandwidth with competing background TCP flows.
Near-field optical fiber probe optimized for illumination–collection hybrid mode operation (1999)

The structure of a near-field probe was optimized for illumination-collection hybrid mode (I–C mode) operation. We developed a highly sensitive probe with a sharp-edged aperture and a double-tapered structure fabricated by a chemical etching technique. Through measurement of the photoluminescence (PL, λ=1 μm) image of single quantum dots, the performance of many versions of the probe with different aperture diameters, ranging from 80 to 500 nm, was systematically evaluated. In addition to the throughput and spatial resolution, the absolute value of the PL collection efficiency of the probe in (I–C mode) was also estimated for the first time. A collection efficiency several times greater than that of an objective lens with a numerical aperture of 0.8 was achieved with high spatial resolution in the 130–200 nm (λ/8–λ/5) range.
An improved bioluminescence‐based signaling assay for odor sensing with a yeast expressing a chimeric olfactory receptor (2012)

The goal of this work was to improve the bioluminescence-based signaling assay system to create a practical application of a biomimetic odor sensor using an engineered yeast-expressing olfactory receptors (ORs). Using the yeast endogenous pheromone receptor (Ste2p) as a model GPCR, we determined the suitable promoters for the firefly luciferase (luc) reporter and GPCR genes. Additionally, we deleted some genes to further improve the sensitivity of the luc reporter assay. By replacing the endogenous yeast G-protein α-subunit (Gpa1p) with the olfactory-specific Gα(olf), the optimized yeast strain successfully transduced signal through both OR and yeast Ste2p. Our results will assist the development of a bioluminescence-based odor-sensing system using OR-expressing yeast.
Prophylactic Effects of Interleukin-2 Receptor Antagonists against Graft-versus-Host Disease Following Unrelated Donor Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (2011)

Basiliximab and daclizumab, two interleukin-2 receptor antagonists (IL-2RAs), prevent graft failure in renal transplantation, which also effectively treat steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, only a few studies report that IL-2RAs prevent GVHD. Here we first retrospectively explored the prophylactic effects of basiliximab or daclizumab against GVHD in 82 patients with hematologic malignancies following unrelated donor-peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (URD-PBSCT). All recipients achieved engraftment. The rates of grade II-IV and III-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) were 35.4% and 15.9%, respectively. Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) developed in 38.7% of evaluable patients. The transplantation-related mortality was 13.4%, while relapse rate was 8.5%. The 2-year overall survival (OS) reached 77.1% and disease-free survival (DFS) accumulated to 72.2%. The side effects of basiliximab and daclizumab were moderate and tolerable. There were no significant differences in aGVHD onset and survival between the daclizumab and basiliximab groups. However, basiliximab presented superior prophylactic effects on cGVHD than daclizumab. In conclusion, basiliximab or daclizumab prevents GVHD efficiently and feasibly following URD-PBSCT, and contributes to favorable outcome. Basiliximab has a similar effect on aGVHD but superior activity against cGVHD. Further prospective and randomized control studies are needed.
Human Torovirus: A New Nosocomial Gastrointestinal Pathogen (1998)

Studies were undertaken to determine if human torovirus is associated with gastroenteritis and to examine the clinical features of torovirus illness in children. The fecal excretion of torovirus in patients with gastroenteritis was compared with that in matched asymptomatic controls in a case-control study. Toroviruses were identified in 72 (35.0%) of 206 gastroenteritis cases compared with 30 (14.5%) of 206 controls (P<.001). Clinical features of torovirus gastroenteritis in 172 patients positive for torovirus were compared with those of 115 patients infected with rotavirus or astrovirus. Persons infected with torovirus were more frequently immunocompromised (43.0% vs. 15.7%) and nosocomially infected (57.6% vs. 31.3%). They also experienced less vomiting (46.4% vs. 66.7%) but had more bloody diarrhea (11.2% vs. 1.8%). An antibody response to torovirus developed mainly in older, nonimmunocompromised children (P<.01). These studies demonstrate an association between torovirus excretion and gastroenteritis in the pediatric population among immunocompromised hospitalized patients and in previously healthy patients.
Telomerase activity in human ovarian carcinoma. (1994)

Telomeres fulfill the dual function of protecting eukaryotic chromosomes from illegitimate recombination and degradation and may aid in chromosome attachment to the nuclear membrane. We have previously shown that telomerase, the enzyme which synthesizes telomeric DNA, is not detected in normal somatic cells and that telomeres shorten with replicative age. In cells immortalized in vitro, activation of telomerase apparently stabilizes telomere length, preventing a critical destabilization of chromosomes, and cell proliferation continues even when telomeres are short. In vivo, telomeres of most tumors are shorter than telomeres of control tissues, suggesting an analogous role for the enzyme. To assess the relevance of telomerase and telomere stability in the development and progression of tumors, we have measured enzyme activity and telomere length in metastatic cells of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. We report that extremely short telomeres are maintained in these cells and that tumor cells, but not isogenic nonmalignant cells, express telomerase. Our findings suggest that progression of malignancy is ultimately dependent upon activation of telomerase and that telomerase inhibitors may be effective antitumor drugs.
Recombinant Tissue Factor as Substitute for Conventional Thromboplastin in the Prothrombin Time Test (1992)

Relipidated recombinant tissue factor (r-TF) has been assessed in comparison with conventional rabbit brain thromboplastin (Manchester Reagent) for its suitability for measurement of prothrombin time (PT). The International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of r-TF calibrated against the International Reference Preparation BCT/253 (human plain) was found to be 0.96 and 1.12 with instrumental and manual techniques. Our study of plasmas from patients with congenital deficiencies of clotting factors covering a wide range of severity demonstrates that r-TF is able to detect even minor deficiencies of factors involved in the extrinsic and common coagulation pathways. Patients with liver diseases were correctly diagnosed with a prevalence of abnormal results comparable for both reagents. Between-assay reproducibility expressed as coefficient of variation was 2.3% and 3.9% at normal and abnormal PT levels. In conclusion, our evaluation shows that relipidated r-TF possesses the necessary requisites of sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility which make it a suitable candidate for PT determination both for monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy and diagnosing congenital and acquired clotting factor deficiencies. Moreover, being a highly defined reagent it may constitute a step forward in the standardization of PT testing.
SV40-transfected human melanocyte sensitivity to growth inhibition by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. (1989)

Normal human melanocytes, which require the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for growth in culture, were transfected with a SV40 T-antigen-containing plasmid by using the technique of electroporation, and were scored for colonies of morphologically altered cells. The frequency of transformed colonies was higher when selection was done in the absence rather than the presence of TPA in the medium. Three cell lines derived from transformed colonies were characterized. All show an enhanced growth rate compared to parental cells, anchorage independence, loss of dependence on medium supplements for growth, chromosomal abnormalities, an extended life span, and growth inhibition by TPA. They express nerve growth factor receptor and Mr 97,000 protein, melanotransferrin, two antigens usually associated with melanocytic cells, but the transformed cells are not pigmented. The three cell lines underwent crisis at about passage 10 posttransfection; one cell line recovered and appears to have unlimited growth potential. None of the cell lines is tumorigenic. They should be interesting models for studying multistage carcinogenesis in human cells and transcriptional activation by TPA.
G-CSF–stimulated Neutrophils Are a Prominent Source of Functional BLyS (2003)

B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a novel member of the TNF ligand superfamily that is important in B cell maturation and survival. We demonstrate that human neutrophils, after incubation with G-CSF or, less efficiently, IFN gamma, express high levels of BLyS mRNA and release elevated amounts of biologically active BLyS. In contrast, surface expression of the membrane-bound BLyS was not detected in activated neutrophils. Indeed, in neutrophils, uniquely among other myeloid cells, soluble BLyS is processed intracellularly by a furin-type convertase. Worthy of note, the absolute capacity of G-CSF-stimulated neutrophils to release BLyS was similar to that of activated monocytes or dendritic cells, suggesting that neutrophils might represent an important source of BLyS. In this regard, we show that BLyS serum levels as well as neutrophil-associated BLyS are significantly enhanced after in vivo administration of G-CSF in patients. In addition, serum obtained from two of these patients induced a remarkable accumulation of neutrophil-associated BLyS in vitro. This effect was neutralized by anti-G-CSF antibodies, indicating that G-CSF, present in the serum, stimulated neutrophils to produce BLyS. Collectively, our findings suggest that neutrophils, through the production of BLyS, might play an unsuspected role in the regulation of B cell homeostasis.
Calmness and Recreation (2010)

This paper explores the meaning of Regional Nature Park (PNR: Parc Naturel Regional) in the Ile-de-France region. The Ile-de-France region has a wealth of natural heritage, whose value can be measured in terms of landscape, economic activity and tourism. When it created the Regional Nature Park of Haute Vallée de Chevreuse (Yvelines department) in 1985, the Regional Council ran up against some criticism and fears that the area would be turned into a natural reserve, a green oasis in overly-built up region. However, a concentrated dose of nature served up to citizens hungry for recreation. On the front lines of strong urban pressure, the Park maintains and offers city dwellers the wealth of a heritage natural and cultural, while showcasing successful experiments in forest management, recreational development and eco-green tourism.
Statistical texture characterization from discrete wavelet representations (1999)

We conjecture that texture can be characterized by the statistics of the wavelet detail coefficients and therefore introduce two feature sets: (1) the wavelet histogram signatures which capture all first order statistics using a model based approach and (2) the wavelet co-occurrence signatures, which reflect the coefficients' second-order statistics. The introduced feature sets outperform the traditionally used energy. Best performance is achieved by combining histogram and co-occurrence signatures.
HIN-1, a putative cytokine highly expressed in normal but not cancerous mammary epithelial cells (2001)

To identify molecular alterations implicated in the initiating steps of breast tumorogenesis, we compared the gene expression profiles of normal and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) mammary epithelial cells by using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Through the pair-wise comparison of normal and DCIS SAGE libraries, we identified several differentially expressed genes. Here, we report the characterization of one of these genes, HIN-1 (high in normal-1). HIN-1 expression is significantly down regulated in 94% of human breast carcinomas and in 95% of preinvasive lesions, such as ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ. This decrease in HIN-1 expression is accompanied by hypermethylation of its promoter in the majority of breast cancer cell lines (>90%) and primary tumors (74%). HIN-1 is a putative cytokine with no significant homology to known proteins. Reintroduction of HIN-1 into breast cancer cells inhibits cell growth. These results indicate that HIN-1 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene that is inactivated at high frequency in the earliest stages of breast tumorogenesis.
A simple procedure for the purification of neutral salt soluble type I collagen from skin. (1986)

Intact monomeric type I collagen was purified from fetal bovine skin by a simple and time saving procedure. Saline precipitates of mixed skin collagens, in 4 M NaCl, were extracted with a limited volume of dilute acetic acid, taken in the proportion of 1 ml per g of original wet skin; NaCl in the precipitate was not removed by dialysis. The salt concentration in the extraction medium in the above conditions, selectively solubilized type I collagen.