gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombopoietin Induces Phosphoinositol 3-Kinase Activation through SHP2, Gab, and Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins in BAF3 Cells and Primary Murine Megakaryocytes (2001)

Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a recently characterized member of the hematopoietic growth factor family that serves as the primary regulator of megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet production. The hormone acts by binding to the Mpl receptor, the product of the cellular proto-oncogene c-mpl. Although many downstream signaling targets of TPO have been identified in cell lines, primary MKs, and platelets, the molecular mechanism(s) by which many of these molecules are activated remains uncertain. In this report we demonstrate that the TPO-induced activation of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), a signaling intermediate vital for cellular survival and proliferation, occurs through its association with inducible signaling complexes in both BaF3 cells engineered to express Mpl (BaF3/Mpl) and in primary murine MKs. Although a direct association between PI3K and Mpl could not be demonstrated, we found that several proteins, including SHP2, Gab2, and IRS2, undergo phosphorylation and association in BaF3/Mpl cells in response to TPO stimulation, complexes that recruit and enhance the enzymatic activity of PI3K. To verify the physiological relevance of the complex, SHP2-Gab2 association was disrupted by overexpressing a dominant negative SHP2 construct. TPO-induced Akt phosphorylation was significantly decreased in transfected cells suggesting an important role of SHP2 in the complex to enhance PI3K activity. In primary murine MKs, TPO also induced phosphorylation of SHP2, its association with p85 and enhanced PI3K activity, but in contrast to the results in cell lines, neither Gab2 nor IRS2 are phosphorylated in MKs. Instead, a 100-kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein (pp100) co-immunoprecipitated with the regulatory subunit of PI3K. These findings support a model where PI3K activity is dependent on its recruitment into TPO-induced multiphosphoprotein complexes, implicate the existence of a scaffolding protein in primary MKs distinct from the known Gab and IRS proteins, and suggest that, in contrast to erythroid progenitor cells that employ Gab1 in PI3K signaling complexes, utilization of an alternate member of the Gab/IRS family could be responsible for specificity in TPO signaling.
Mitigating the Coming Internet Crunch: Multiple Service Levels via Precedence (1994)

The current architecture and implementation of the Internet assumes a vast aggregation of traffic from many sources and stochastic distribution of traffic both in space (traffic source) and time (burstiness of traffic volume). Given this general assumption, Internet components typically have little if any ability to control the volume and distribution of incoming traffic. As a result the network, particularly from the perspective of the router, is vulnerable to significant consumption of networking resources by high-volume applications, with possibly little stochastic behavior, from a few users. This often impacts the overall profile of network traffic as aggregated from many clients. An example is the continuous flows introduced by real time applications such as packet audio, video, or rapidly changing graphics. This situation creates a time window where applications exist on a network not designed for them, but before an appropriately architected network can augment the current infrastructure and cope with the new type of workload. We propose a scheme for voluntarily setting Internet traffic priorities by end-users and applications, using the existing 3-bit Precedence field in the Internet Protocol header. Our proposal has three elements. First, network routers would queue incoming packets by IP Precedence value instead of the customary single-threaded FIFO. Second, users and their applications would voluntarily use different and appropriate precedence values in their outgoing transmissions according to some defined criteria. Third, network service providers may monitor the precedence levels of traffic entering their network, and use some mechanism such as a quota system to discourage users from setting high precedence values on all their traffic. All three elements can be implemented gradually and selectively across the Internet infrastructure, providing a smooth transition path from the present system. The experience we gain from an implementation will furthermore provide a valuable knowledge base from which to develop sound accounting and billing mechanisms and policies in the future.
Stimulated Raman effect. A new source of laser temperature-jump Heating (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStimulated Raman effect. A new source of laser temperature-jump HeatingJames V. Beitz, George W. Flynn, Douglas H. Turner, and Norman SutinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 13, 4130–4132Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00716a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00716a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Series of Organoboranes. VI. The Synthesis and Reactions of Some Silyl Neocarboranes (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Series of Organoboranes. VI. The Synthesis and Reactions of Some Silyl NeocarboranesStelvio Papetti and T. L. HeyingCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 10, 1448–1450Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50020a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50020a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Use of Carbon Monoxide and Imines as Peptide Derivative Synthons: A Facile Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis ofα-Amino Acid Derived Imidazolines (2001)

One of the most facile routes to prepare carboxylate-substituted imidazolines is by the palladium-catalyzed coupling of an imine, carbon monoxide, and an acid chloride. In this reaction, a peptide unit is constructed and directly incorporated into the heterocyclic core.
Cross-reacting tumor associated transplantation antigen on primary 3-methylcholanthrene-induced BALB/c sarcomas. (1989)

Immunization of adult, syngeneic BALB/c mice with irradiated, primary MCA-induced sarcomas conferred reproducible, nonisologous TATA-associated cross-protection against challenge with other primary MCA sarcomas or in vitro passaged MCA sarcoma cells. Isologous, individually specific TSTA-associated protection was also detected. Irradiated, normal BALB/c spleen or muscle tissues were not similarly protective. Pronounced cross-protection was best detected with secondary cultured, in vitro adapted sarcoma challenge inoculum, which could be accurately standardized. These findings paralleled the good cross-protection reported previously with long-term cultured MCA-induced sarcoma cell lines. OFA was expressed as a TATA on all syngeneic, primary MCA-induced sarcomas tested by syngeneic adoptive transfer experiments and on MuLv-free MCA-induced, syngeneic Meth A sarcoma cells.
Changes in the Composition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides of Suspension‐cultured Vinca rosea Cells during Culture (1978)

Abstract In a suspension culture of Vinca rosea L. three distinct growth phases were distinguished: a cell division phase, a cell expansion phase, and a stationary phase. At various stages of the growth cycle, extra‐cellular polysaccharides (ECP) and cell wall were isolated and their compositions were investigated. ECP are mainly composed of xyloglucan, 3,6‐linked arabinogalactan, and polyuronide. From the results of gas chromatographic analyses of sugars and partially methylated sugars in each fraction of cell wall polysaccharides, the following changes were observed in the composition of cell wall polysaccharides during culture: (1) a decrease in polyuronide content, (2) a decrease in non‐cellulosic glucan content, (3) an increase in xyloglucan content, and (4) an increase in a ‐cellulose content. The significance of the changes is discussed in relation to the growth of cells.
Ring-Opening Metathesis. A Ruthenium Catalyst Caught in the Act (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRing-Opening Metathesis. A Ruthenium Catalyst Caught in the ActJohn A. Tallarico, Peter J. Bonitatebus, and Marc L. SnapperView Author Information Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 30, 7157–7158Publication Date (Web):July 30, 1997Publication History Received23 April 1997Published online30 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja971285rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja971285rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1842Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Metathesis,Ruthenium Get e-Alerts
Expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 by human prostate carcinoma cells inhibits primary tumor growth, tumor-associated angiogenesis, and metastasis to lung and liver in an athymic mouse model. (1995)

Expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) by malignant cells correlates with an aggressive phenotype, including increased invasiveness, tumor-associated angiogenesis, and metastases. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is undetectable in cells of some aggressive malignancies, but present in the stroma of tumor-associated microvasculature. This analysis of an athymic mouse model of prostate carcinoma further defines the role of the uPA/PAI-1/plasmin system in primary growth and metastasis. A marked increase in PAI-1 expression was induced in clones of the aggressive human prostate carcinoma line, PC-3, by stable transfection. Primary PC-3 tumors, in mice, were significantly smaller when derived from PAI-1 expressing versus control cells. PAI-1 expression reduced the density of tumor-associated microvasculature by 22-38%. Microscopic metastases were quantitated using stable expression of the chromogenic label (beta-galactosidase) in control and PAI-1 expressing cells. PAI-1 expression resulted in a significant inhibition of lung metastases, and liver metastases. Expression of PAI-1 by malignant prostate cells resulted in a less aggressive phenotype, presumably by inhibition of uPA activity, suggesting pharmacologic or molecular inhibition of uPA activity as a potential therapeutic target.
Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling Proteins Are Differentially Expressed in Th1 and Th2 Cells: Implications for Th Cell Lineage Commitment and Maintenance (2002)

Positive regulatory factors induced by IL-12/STAT4 and IL-4/STAT6 signaling during T cell development contribute to polarized patterns of cytokine expression manifested by differentiated Th cells. These two critical and antagonistic signaling pathways are under negative feedback regulation by a multimember family of intracellular proteins called suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS). However, it is not known whether these negative regulatory factors also modulate Th1/Th2 lineage commitment and maintenance. We show here that CD4(+) naive T cells constitutively express low levels of SOCS1, SOCS2, and SOCS3 mRNAs. These mRNAs and their proteins increase significantly in nonpolarized Th cells after activation by TCR signaling. We further show that differentiation into Th1 or Th2 phenotype is accompanied by preferential expression of distinct SOCS mRNA transcripts and proteins. SOCS1 expression is 5-fold higher in Th1 than in Th2 cells, whereas Th2 cells contain 23-fold higher levels of SOCS3. We also demonstrate that IL-12-induced STAT4 activation is inhibited in Th2 cells that express high levels of SOCS3 whereas IL-4/STAT6 signaling is constitutively activated in Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells, with high SOCS1 expression. These results suggest that mutually exclusive use of STAT4 and STAT6 signaling pathways by differentiated Th cells may derive in part, from SOCS3- or SOCS1-mediated repression of IL-12/STAT4- or IL-4/STAT6 signaling in Th2 and Th1 cells, respectively. Given the strong correlation between distinct patterns of SOCS expression and differentiation into the Th1 or Th2 phenotype, SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins are therefore Th lineage markers that can serve as therapeutic targets for immune modulation therapy.
Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides As Regulators of Cellular Function (2024)

INTRODUCTION. Historical Perspectives-Adenosine (D.J. Cushing and S.J. Mustafa). Historical Perspectives-ATP (D. Satchell). PURINE RECEPTORS, METABOLISM, RELEASE, AND TRANSPORT. Adenosine Receptors: Ligand-Binding Studies (U. Schwabe). Adenosine Receptors, Adenylate Cyclase Relationships to Pharmacological Actions of Adenosine (R.D. Green). Formation and Metabolism of Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides in Cardiac Tissue (J. Schrader). Adenosine Deaminase Regulation of Purine Actions (J.D. Geiger, R.A. Padua, and J.I. Nagy). Nucleoside Transport in Cells: Kinetics and Inhibitor Effects (L. Hertz). Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides in Tissues and Perfusates (T.D. White and K. Hoehn). FUNCTIONS OF PURINES AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL. Adenosine, Adenine Nucleotides and Platelet Function (N.J. Cusack and S.M.O. Hourani). Purines and Inflammation: Neutrophils Possess P1 and P2 Purine Receptors (B.N. Cronstein). Adenosine and Immune System Function (T.S. Priebe and J.A. Nelson). Purinergic Regulation of Transmitter Release (J.A. Ribeiro). ADENOSINE AND BLOOD FLOW IN VASCULAR BEDS. Effect of Adenosine on the Coronary Circulation (M.G. Collis). Purinergic Control of Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow (M.W. Gorman, S.S. Kelley, L. Kaiser, and H.V. Sparks). Adenosine and the Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow (D.G.L. Van Wylen, V.M. Sciotti, and H.R. Winn). Adenosine and Blood Flow Through the Gastrointestinal Tract (K.G. Proctor and B. Langkamp-Henken). Adenosine-Mediated Regulation of Hepatic Blood Flow (W.E. Lautt). Effects of Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides on the Pulmonary Circulation (A. Hyman, B. Cai, C. Feng, Q. Hao, and H. Lippton). The Role of Adenosine in Angiogenesis (C.J. Meininger and H.J. Granger). ACTIONS OF ADENOSINE ON BODY SYSTEMS. Influence of Adenosine on Cardiac Activity (M.G. Collis). Adenosine Receptor Activation and Renal Function (W.G. Spielman). Purinergic Regulation of Gastrointestinal Motility and Secretion (M.A. Cook). Effects of Adenosine Infusion on the Conscious Man (A. Sollevi). INFLUENCE OF ADENOSINE AND ATP ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. ATP as a Neurotransmitter, Cotransmitter and Neuromodulator (D.P. Westfall, H.H. Dalziel, and K.M. Forsyth). Localization and Action of Adenosine Receptors in the Mammalian Retina (C. Blazynski and M-T.R. Perez). Purinergic Effects in Autonomic Ganglia (E.M. Silinsky). Adenosine as a Neuroactive Compound in the Central Nervous System (T.W. Stone). Behavioral Actions of Adenosine and Related Substances (R.A. Barraco). Adenosine and Epileptic Seizures (M. Dragunow). Adenosine and Sleep (M. Radulovacki). Adenosine and Pain (J. Sawynok). POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC AVENUES FOR PURINE USE. Adenosine and Asthma (W.H. Ng and M.K. Church). Adenosine-Based Therapeutics in Neurologic Disease (P.J. Marangos and L. Miller). Manipulation of Purinergic Tone as a Mechanism for Controlling Ischemic Brain Damage (K.A. Rudolphi). c. 408 pp., 25 tables, 44 illus., 7x10, due July 1991, ISBN 0-8493-6928-2. FEATURES:
Controlling the trajectories of self-written waveguides in photopolymer (2018)

The diffraction of a light beam as it propagates through a medium can be effectively compensated by self-trapping. A laser beam propagating through a nonlinear medium can generate a waveguiding action, i.e., a higher refractive index, along the direction of the light propagation. Experiments involving light beams illuminating the front surface of a solid bulk photopolymer sample are reported. The self-bending of parallel beams (input simultaneously but separated in space) during the resulting self-writing process is studied. It is shown that there is strong correlation between the initial beam input separation distance and the resulting waveguide trajectories taken during channel formation. Finite element-based simulations are performed, which predict the self-writing waveguide formation process, e.g., beam focusing, trapping, and the deviations of the waveguide trajectories caused by adjacent beams. The model is shown to be in good qualitative agreement with observed experimental results.
Human embryonic stem cells: caught between a ROCK inhibitor and a hard place (2009)

Since their derivation, human embryonic stem (hES) cells have been used for a variety of applications including developmental biology, pathology, chemical biology, genomics, and proteomics. However, their most important potential application is the generation of cells and tissues, which can be used for cell-based therapies. One of the main drawbacks of hES cell culture is that they are particularly sensitive to dissociation, which is required for passaging, expansion, cryopreservation, and other applications. Recently, it has been discovered that an inhibitor of Rho kinase (ROCKi; Y-27632) increases the survival rate of dissociated, single hES cells. This breakthrough has allowed new methods in hES cell culture to be developed, with the promise of increasing hES cell numbers into the realm of clinical relevance. In our studies demonstrating that ROCKi dramatically increases hES cell cryopreservation efficiency, we have observed that ROCKi treatment does not decrease hES cell's susceptibility to apoptosis. Rather, we hypothesize that ROCKi treatment desensitizes single hES cells to their environment reducing the odds that individual cells will undergo anoikis.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial of Acetylcysteine in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (1995)

In this trial, treatment with the free radical scavenger acetylcysteine did not result in a major increase in 12-month survival or a reduction in disease progression in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The role of insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in human esophageal cancer. (2004)

Elevated serum IGF-1 levels may be an important predictor of risk for esophageal cancer. IGF-1 related to the progression of esophageal cancer may depend on an autocrine function of IGF-1.
MAGPI: A framework for maximum likelihood MR phase imaging using multiple receive coils (2015)

The advantages of MAGPI are: (1) ML-optimal combination of phase data from multiple receive coils, without a reference scan; (2) voxel-per-voxel ML-optimal estimation of the underlying tissue phase, without the need for phase unwrapping or image smoothing; and (3) robust dynamic estimation of channel-dependent phase-offsets.
Improving a basic retrieval method by links and passage level evvidence (1994)

A conventional text retrieval method is improved by two additional sources of evidence of relevance : first, by a passage retrieval method that is based on Hidden Markov Models and second, by a so-called link method which was originally developped for hypertext retrieval. The results show that the two additional sources of evidence improve a conventional vector space retrieval method both in a consistent and in a complementary way. The link method has the ability to retrieve relevant documents whose description vectors are not very similar to the query description vector whereas the passage retrieval method has the ability to improve an existing ordering of the documents.
Towards an Environmental Measurement Cloud: Delivering Pollution Awareness to the Public (2014)

Geosensor networks and sensor webs are two technologies widely used for determining our exposure to pollution levels and ensuring that this information is publicly available. However, most of these networks are independent from each other and often designed for specific domains, hindering the integration of sensor data from different sources. We contributed to the integration of several environmental sensor networks in the context of the IDEA project. The objective of this project was to measure noise and air quality pollution levels in urban areas in Belgium using low-cost sensors. This paper presents the IDEA Environmental Measurement Cloud as a proof-of-concept Data-as-a-Service (DaaS) cloud platform that integrates environmental sensor networks with a sensor web. Our DaaS platform implements a federated two-layer architecture to loosely couple together sensor networks deployed over a wide geographical area with web services. It offers several data access, discovery, and visualization services to the public while serving as a scientific tool for noise pollution research. After one year of operation, it hosts approximately 6.5 TB of environmental data and offers to the public near real-time noise pollution measurements from over 40 locations in Belgium.