gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of the molecular conformation of melanostatin using carbon-13, nitrogen-15 REDOR NMR spectroscopy (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of the molecular conformation of melanostatin using carbon-13, nitrogen-15 REDOR NMR spectroscopyJoel R. Garbow and Charles A. McWherterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1, 238–244Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00054a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00054a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Seroma Formation after Breast Cancer Surgery: Incidence and Predicting Factors (2000)

The pathophysiology of seroma formation has yet to be determined. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to calculate the incidence of postoperative seromas after definitive breast cancer operations utilizing electrocautery dissection. Additionally, we attempted to identify risk factors associated with seroma development and to examine seroma formation in relation to operative procedure. A retrospective review of 252 breast cancer operations was undertaken. Patients were subdivided by operative procedure: modified radical mastectomy (MRM; n = 148), breast preservation with axillary node dissection (n = 64), or MRM with immediate reconstruction (n = 40). Electrocautery was used in development of skin flaps. Seromas developed in 39 of the 252 operations for an incidence of 15.5 per cent. Seroma formation was significantly lower in those patients receiving MRM with immediate reconstruction than in those receiving MRM (2.5% vs 19.6%; P = 0.009) and tended to be lower than for patients receiving breast preservation with axillary node dissection (14.06%; P = 0.052). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 18 patients, of whom 6 developed seromas (P = 0.030). The incidence of postoperative seromas was low despite the use of electrocautery. An association of postoperative seromas with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was noted. Additionally, it appears that immediate reconstruction may reduce the incidence of postoperative seromas, presumably by filling the dead space in the chest wall.
Miniature Built-In Multiband Antennas for Mobile Handsets (2004)

In this paper, we propose a new design for built-in handset antennas in that metal strips as additional resonators are directly connected with a feed strip. With the new design scheme, a quad-band antenna for covering GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, and UMTS2000 bands and a five-band antenna for covering GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, UMTS2000, and ISM2450 bands for use in mobile built-in handsets are experimentally carried out. Compared with the parasitic form with a shorted strip placed away from the main radiator in the open literature, the size of the proposed antennas can be reduced by an order of 10/spl sim/20%, which is desirable since the size of mobile phones is becoming smaller according to consumer preferences. Moreover, the impedance matching for each band of the new antennas becomes easy. The new quad-band and five-band built-in handset antennas are developed within the limits of a 36/spl times/16/spl times/8 mm/sup 3/ volume. The antennas are also analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain technique. A good agreement is achieved between measurement and simulation.
冒牌大学——“大学”有多差 (2013)

在《国际高等教育》2001年秋季刊的文章中，菲利普·阿尔特巴赫的《冒牌大学的兴起》一文对冒牌大学作了富有鼓动性的重要抨击。他提到的“冒牌大学”指面向高需求领域的营利性中学后教育机构。阿尔特巴赫针对这些院校提出了一些有趣的观点。他没有很激进地提出关闭冒牌大学，当然也没有否定它们的价值，
<title>Spectroscopy, photokinetics, and cellular effect of far-red and near-infrared absorbing photosensitizers</title> (1992)

Two types of photosensitizers are compared here for their singlet oxygen production and in vivo sensitizing capacity: Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>-tetrabenzoporphyrin, which have a strong Q band at the HeNe laser line; and Cd-texaphyrin, with absorption at 770 nm. The singlet oxygen quantum yields in homogeneous solutions were determined by employing a singlet oxygen-destroyable fluorescent target. Photosensitizers of bacterial and human leukemic cells were carried out with these sensitizers, in comparison with HPD and Photofrin II. The new sensitizers were found to have high quantum yields for production of singlet oxygen in solutions. They also have comparable photosensitizing capacities of bacterial cells.
A Paradigm for Commensalism: The Role of a Specific Microbial Polysaccharide in Health and Disease (2009)

The human gastrointestinal tract is colonized by 100 trillion microorganisms, including both beneficial and potentially pathogenic species. A zwitterionic polysaccharide (PSA) from the gastrointestinal microorganism Bacteroides fragilis has been shown to be the archetypal molecule of commensal bacteria that mediates development of the host immune system. PSA stimulates the normal balance of Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells and can correct histologic defects in the spleen and thymus of germ-free mice. PSA stimulates the innate immune system as a ligand for Toll-like receptor 2 and thereby promotes interactions with the adaptive immune system that are required for T-cell activation. PSA protects animals from colitis induced by Helicobacter hepaticus, a commensal with pathogenic potential. In animals harboring a B. fragilis mutant that does not express PSA, H. hepaticus colonization leads to disease and proinflammatory cytokine production in colonic tissues. Purified PSA administered to animals suppresses the production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 by intestinal immune cells. PSA protects animals from inflammatory disease through a functional requirement for interleukin-10-producing CD4+ T cells. Thus polysaccharides of the bacterial microbiota can mediate the critical balance between health and disease in the host. As evidence accumulates, this concept is being accepted as an important feature of the immune repertoire.
Immunotherapy (APC8015, Provenge®) targeting prostatic acid phosphatase can induce durable remission of metastatic androgen‐independent prostate cancer: A phase 2 trial (2004)

This study demonstrates a definite clinical response of androgen-independent prostate cancer to APC immunotherapy. Currently we are studying this mode of therapy in Phase 3 trials.
Regulation of transcription factor AP-2 by the morphogen retinoic acid and by second messengers. (1989)

The expression of the transcription factor AP-2 recently has been shown to be enhanced during retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of NT2 cells, a human teratocarcinoma cell line. Here we show that this induction of AP-2 mRNA is at the level of transcription and is transient, reaching a peak 48-72 hr after the addition of RA and declining thereafter, even in the continuous presence of RA. Increased levels of AP-2 mRNA are reflected in a similar elevation of AP-2 protein and accompanied by an increase in the AP-2-binding site-dependent transcriptional activity of a reporter gene. AP-2 also has been proposed to confer TPA and cAMP inducibility on promoters/enhancers containing AP-2-binding sites. We investigated the effect of these agents on the expression of AP-2 protein and mRNA. Our experiments demonstrate that expression of the AP-2 gene in HeLa cells is not elevated significantly by TPA or by a calcium ionophore and is not enhanced at all by agents that increase intracellular cAMP concentration. In fact, AP-2 mRNA is repressed by both TPA and the calcium ionophore A23187 through a delayed response. These data suggest that the AP-2-binding site-mediated cAMP and TPA responses are not regulated at the level of AP-2 expression but, rather, achieved either by post-translational changes in AP-2 or in conjunction with another protein.
The Itinerary of a Vesicle Component, Aut7p/Cvt5p, Terminates in the Yeast Vacuole via the Autophagy/Cvt Pathways (2000)

Aminopeptidase I (API) is delivered to the yeast vacuole by one of two alternative pathways, cytoplasm to vacuole targeting (Cvt) or autophagy, depending on nutrient conditions. Genetic, morphological, and biochemical studies indicate that the two pathways share many of the same molecular components. The Cvt pathway functions during vegetative growth, while autophagy is induced during starvation. Both pathways involve the formation of cytosolic vesicles that fuse with the vacuole. In either case, the mechanism of vesicle formation is not known. Autophagic uptake displays a greater capacity for cytosolic protein sequestration. This suggests the involvement of an inducible protein(s) that allows the vesicle-forming machinery to adapt to the increased degradative needs of the cell. We have analyzed the biosynthesis of Aut7p, a protein required for both pathways. We find Aut7p expression is induced by nitrogen starvation. Aut7p is degraded by a process dependent on both proteinase A and Cvt/autophagy components. Protease accessibility assays demonstrate that Aut7p is located within vesicles in strains defective in vesicle delivery or breakdown. Finally, the aut7/cvt5 mutant accumulates precursor API at a stage prior to vesicle completion. These data suggest that Aut7p is induced during autophagy and delivered to the vacuole together with precursor API by Cvt/autophagic vesicles.
Structures of Invertebrate Hemoglobins (1980)

Hemoglobin is widely distributed among the invertebrates. Intracellular hemoglobins consist of relatively small molecules with mol wts of 15–17,000 or dimeric, tetrameric or octameric aggregates of 15–17,000 mol wt subunits. Sequence homology is present but not extensive in those pigments which have been studied and the characteristic myoglobin fold of vertebrate hemoglobin occurs in at least two invertebrate hemoglobins. The wide array of aggregation states among invertebrate hemoglobins provides some simple models for understanding homotropic functional properties exhibited by many of these pigments. Polymeric extracellular hemoglobins are present in annelids molluscs crustacean arthropods and nematodes. Annelid extracellular hemoglobins and chlorocruorins consist of 3 × 106 mol wt two-tiered hexagonal arrays of submultiples which in turn are based on polypeptide chain subunits of mol wt 14–16 000. Molluscan extracellular hemoglobins are constructed from a different subunit arrangement. In the planorbid snail and clam extracellular hemoglobins the subunits appear to be 175 000 and 300 000 mol wt linear series of 15–17 000 dalton oxygen binding domains respectively. Planorbid snail native hemoglobin presents circular structures 200 Å in diameter in the electron microscope with 10-fold symmetry in at least one view, and clam extracellular hemoglobins are huge 345 by 1200 Å rodlike structures. Crustacean extracellular hemoglobins are also polymeric pigments and at least in a few species appear to have subunits which are tandemly linked oxygen binding domains. The polymeric hemoglobins of nematodes have molecular weights of about 330 000. The subunit molecular weight and heme content suggest a value of 40,000 daltons which set the nematode pigments apart from all other hemoglobins so far studied. An overview of invertebrate hemoglobin structures and some of the questions they pose are presented in this paper.
Norbornene probes for the study of cysteine oxidation (2017)

Cysteine residues on proteins can react with cellular oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide. While this process is important for scavenging excess reactive oxygen species, the products of this oxidation may also mediate cell signalling. To understand the role of cysteine oxidation in biology, selective probes are required to detect and quantify its occurrence. Cysteine oxidation products such as sulfenic acids are sometimes unstable and therefore short-lived. If such cysteine derivatives are to be analysed, rapid reaction with the probe is required. Here we introduce norbornene derivatives as probes for cysteine oxidation, and demonstrate their ability to trap sulfenic acids. The synthesis of norbornene derivatives containing alkyne or biotin affinity tags are also reported to facilitate the use of these probes in chemical biology and proteomics.
Roles of protein phosphorylation in animal cells (1993)

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Serotonin, Psilocybin, and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (1996)

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Unit, Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Histone Deacetylase: A Target for Antiproliferative and Antiprotozoal Agents (2001)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) are enzymes that influence transcription by selectively deacetylating or acetylating the eta-amino groups of lysines located near the amino termini of core histone proteins. It is well-established that in transcriptionally active chromatin, histones generally are hyperacetylated and, conversely, hypoacetylated histones are coincident with silenced chromatin. Revived interest in these enzymatic pathways and how they modulate eukaryotic transcription has led to the identification of multiple cofactors whose complex interplay with HDAC affects gene expression. Concurrent with these discoveries, screening of natural product sources yielded new small molecules that were subsequently identified as potent inhibitors of HDAC. While predominantly identified using antiproliferative assays, the biological activity of these new HDAC inhibitors also encompasses significant antiprotozoal, antifungal, phytotoxic and antiviral applications. These newly discovered HDAC inhibitors served as lead structures for the development of improved derivatives including related reagents with considerable potential as tools to further elucidate the mechanism of transcriptional regulation.
Toward Regulation of Gonadal Function by a Synthetic Hybrid Molecule Composed of Gonadotropin and Fc Fragment of Immunoglobulin G (1990)

A conjugate of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G was prepared by covalent cross-linking using the heterobifunctional reagent, N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate. Mouse Leydig tumor cells expressing receptors for luteinizing hormone were specifically lysed in vitro as a consequence of complement fixation via the Fc component of the hybrid molecule. Furthermore, administration of HCG-Fc to rams caused an acute depression in circulatory testosterone. This novel concept of targeted inhibition of gonadal function could prove to have future applications in control of reproductive processes.
A robotic system for monitoring carp in Minnesota lakes (2010)

Abstract Robotic sensor networks (RSNs) find increasing use in environmental monitoring as they can collect data from obscure, hard‐to‐reach places over long periods of time. This work reports progress in building a network of small, lightweight robotic rafts that will be used to monitor common carp tagged with radio transmitters across Minnesota lakes. We describe the design and architecture of the robotic raft and demonstrate the robustness of our waypoint navigation algorithm through field tests conducted in various lakes. We also present results from experiments aimed at localizing tagged fish. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trends in immunosuppression after pancreas transplantation (2012)

Implementation of novel therapeutic strategies and combination protocols to reduce or avoid drug toxicities and immune-related complications that are evaluated in prospective and randomized trials is requested to improve outcomes after pancreas transplantation.
Manipulation of the Orientational Response of Liquid Crystals to Proteins Specifically Bound to Covalently Immobilized and Mechanically Sheared Films of Functionalized Bovine Serum Albumin (2002)

This paper reports on the orientational behavior of thermotropic liquid crystals supported on films of biotinylated bovine serum albumin (BSA) that are covalently immobilized on the surface of glass substrates using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APES) and disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS). The films of biotinylated BSA are mechanically sheared and then immersed into aqueous solutions of anti-biotin immunoglobulin G (IgG) prior to contact with nematic phases of 4-cyano-4‘-pentylbiphenyl (5CB). Using ellipsometry, we found the capacity of the films of biotinylated BSA to bind anti-biotin IgG to be unchanged upon shearing with a polyester cloth. In contrast, we determined the orientational response of nematic phases of 5CB to the presence of bound anti-biotin IgG to be a strong function of the normal pressure applied during shearing, as well as the magnitude of the lateral displacement of the film of biotinylated BSA when in contact with the surface of the polyester cloth. The shear rate, however, appears to have little influence on the response of the liquid crystal to bound IgG. These results demonstrate that it is possible to manipulate the response (sensitivity) of liquid crystals to IgG specifically bound to sheared films of functionalized BSA by changing the manner of shearing of the films of BSA without changing the capacity of the films to bind IgG. We also report a characterization of the nanometer-scale topography of mechanically sheared films of biotinylated BSA using atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Sera from patients with multiple sclerosis react with human cell T lymphotropic virus-I gag proteins but not env proteins--Western blotting analysis. (1986)

To study the possible involvement of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-related agent in Japanese multiple sclerosis (MS), we performed a Western blotting analysis, using purified viral antigens, on sera from 46 patients with MS, nine patients with other neurologic diseases, and 11 healthy controls. Of 46 MS patients, 11 (24%) had antibodies reactive with antigens corresponding to the group-specific antigen (gag) proteins (p15, p19, and p24), although the prevalence was lower than that reported in a recent study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Despite the lower frequency of immunoreactivity, Western blotting technique had merits of identification of multiple antigens and higher specificity for detection of antibodies than ELISA. Those sero-positive patients consisted of four cases with IgG antibodies reactive mainly to the gag p24 and/or p15, four with IgM antibodies mainly to the gag p24 and/or p19, and three with both IgG and IgM antibodies. These immunostaining patterns of MS sera were clearly distinguishable from those of adult T cell leukemia patients who had antibodies to the envelope (env) proteins and its precursors in addition to the gag proteins. The antibody in MS sera was generally of low titer and reactive at a high serum concentration (1/10 dilution). None of the sera from patients with other neurologic diseases and healthy controls had the viral antibodies. These findings indicate that at least one quarter of Japanese MS patients have antibody responses to a hitherto unidentified agent related to HTLV-I, which possibly plays a part, primarily or secondarily, in the pathogenesis of those patients.
Manipulating the genetic identity and biochemical surface properties of individual cells with electric-field-induced fusion (2000)

A method for cell-cell and cell-liposome fusion at the single-cell level is described. Individual cells or liposomes were first selected and manipulated either by optical trapping or by adhesion to a micromanipulator-controlled ultramicroelectrode. Spatially selective fusion of the cell-cell or cell-liposome pair was achieved by the application of a highly focused electric field through a pair of 5-micrometer o.d. carbon-fiber ultramicroelectrodes. The ability to fuse together single cells opens new possibilities in the manipulation of the genetic and cellular makeup of individual cells in a controlled manner. In the study of cellular networks, for example, the alteration of the biochemical identity of a selected cell can have a profound effect on the behavior of the entire network. Fusion of a single liposome with a target cell allows the introduction of the liposomal content into the cell interior as well as the addition of lipids and membrane proteins onto the cell surface. This cell-liposome fusion represents an approach to the manipulation of the cytoplasmic contents and surface properties of single cells. As an example, we have introduced a membrane protein (gamma-glutamyltransferase) reconstituted in liposomes into the cell plasma membrane.
Document Visualization Based on Semantic Graphs (2009)

In this paper, we present a document visualization technique for data analysis based on the semantic representation of text in the form of a directed graph, referred to as semantic graph. It is derived using natural language processing as follows. Firstly subject– verb – object triplets are automatically extracted from the Penn Treebank parse tree obtained for each sentence in the document. Secondly, the triplets are further enhanced by linking them to their corresponding co-referenced named entity, by resolving pronominal anaphors as well as attaching the associated WordNet synset. Starting from the document's semantic graph and the list of extracted triplets we automatically generate the document summary, for which we also derive the semantic representation.
Non-pungent long chain capsaicin-analogs arvanil and olvanil display better anti-invasive activity than capsaicin in human small cell lung cancers (2016)

The nutritional compound capsaicin inhibits the invasion of many types of human cancers. The clinical development of capsaicin as an anti-cancer drug is limited due to its unfavorable side effects like burning sensation, stomach cramps, gut pain and nausea. This study compared the anti-invasive activity of capsaicin to non-pungent long chain capsaicin analogs, namely arvanil and olvanil, in human small cell lung cancer cells. Boyden chamber invasion assays revealed that arvanil and olvanil displayed improved anti-invasive activity relative to capsaicin in human SCLC cells. The results of the Boyden chamber assay were confirmed by the spherical invasion assay, and similar results were obtained. The anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin were independent of TRPV and CB1 receptors. Furthermore, the anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin was mediated by the AMPK pathway. Depletion of AMPK levels by siRNA methodology abrogated the anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin. The non-pungent capsaicin analogs arvanil and olvanil display improved anti-invasive activity relative to capsaicin in human SCLC cells. These agents may represent the second generation of capsaicin-like compounds which are more potent than the parent molecule and have a better side effect profile.