gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recombinant plasma gelsolin infusion attenuates burn-induced pulmonary microvascular dysfunction (2004)

Reduced plasma concentrations of the extracellular actin-binding proteins gelsolin and Gc-globulin correlate with pulmonary failure and death in humans after injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of plasma gelsolin in the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced lung injury. We postulated that plasma gelsolin levels decrease at an early time point after burn injury and that the intravenous infusion of gelsolin prevents burn-induced pulmonary microvascular dysfunction. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to undergo a 40% body surface area thermal injury (Burn) or manipulation without burn (Sham). Plasma gelsolin and Gc-globulin concentrations were determined at various times during the first 6 days of injury by Western blotting. Other animals were randomized to receive either recombinant human gelsolin (0.078, 0.78, or 7.8 mg) or albumin (7.8 mg) before and 8 h after Burn or Sham. Twenty-four hours later, pulmonary microvascular permeability was assessed by measuring the capillary filtration by use of an isolated, perfused lung model. We found that plasma gelsolin levels of burn-injured rats decreased to 10% of normal levels within 12 h and remained below normal levels for up to 6 days postinjury. Gc-globulin values also fall, but to a lesser extent and only transiently. Treatment of burned animals with intravenous infusions of recombinant human gelsolin prevented the increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability that accompanies this injury. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that plasma gelsolin depletion contributes to the pathophysiology of pulmonary microvascular dysfunction during inflammation.
An approach for interconnecting SNA and XNS Networks (1985)

Interest in computer internetworking has resulted from the proliferation of wide area and local area networks. The CCITT, DARPA/DoD, and ISO/ECMA internetworking models, which have become widely accepted for doing this, do not address the pragmatic problem of interconnecting computer networks that are based upon closed-system, vendor-proprietary network architectures. This paper presents an approach for interconnecting private data networks that are based upon IBM's System Network Architecture (SNA) and Xerox's Network System (XNS). Paramount to the solution of the SNA/XNS network interconnection problem is the identification and definition of a number of gateway-provided data transport and application protocol support services, which can be incorporated into a multi-function, multi-level, protocol translation gateway.
Parathyroid Hormone-Responsive Clonal Cell Lines from Rat Osteosarcoma* (1980)

Several clonal cell lines from a transplantable rat osteosarcoma, selected on the basis of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-sensitive adenylate cyclase, were established in culture. Bovine PTH-(1-84) (0.1 microM) stimulation of adenylate cyclase varied among clones from 8-fold to none. The level of PTH response was a stable property of each clonal line that was retained through numerous passages in vitro (nearly 3 yr in the oldest clone). Highly PTH-responsive lines had a cuboidal-eliptoid morphology and differed from the nonresponsive lines, which had a more fibroblastic appearance. PTH responsiveness correlated with several properties, presumably associated with the osteoblastic phenotype: elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, synthesis of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing bone protein, and production of mineralized tumors in host rats. PTH (1.0 nM; 24 h) reduced the alkaline phosphatase activity by 40% when tested in a responsive clone. The acid phosphatase activity of the various cell lines was uniformly low. These osteosarcoma-derived cell lines which are stable in vitro thus seem to reflect the phenotypic heterogeneity observed in the tumor in situ. They could be useful in studies of phenotypic expression, PTH action, and a possible relationship between the two.
Devitalization of transgenic seed that preserves DNA and protein integrity. (2008)

Agricultural biotechnology companies have been asked to provide intact transgenic seed to regulatory agencies as reference materials for evaluating transgene and protein detection methods (PCR and immunoassay). Due to intellectual-property and product-stewardship considerations, submission of devitalized seed prior to regulatory approval is preferable in any given country. Commonly used devitalization procedures, such as heating or autoclaving, degrade the protein and/or DNA rendering the seed unfit as a reference material for these tests. A novel method for devitalizing seed was developed that involves hydration, freezing in liquid nitrogen, and lyophilization. The devitalization method described here was found to preserve the transgenic DNA and protein in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and maize (Zea mays) seed allowing its use as a reference material for evaluating detection methods.
Molecular machinery and manufacturing with applications to computation (1991)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1991.
Spatiotemporal pattern formation in neural systems with heterogeneous connection topologies (2000)

Biological systems like the human cortex show homogeneous connectivity, with additional strongly heterogeneous projections from one area to another. Here we report how such a dynamic system performs a macroscopically coherent pattern formation. The connection topology is used systematically as a control parameter to guide the neural system through a series of phase transitions. We discuss the example of a two-point connection, and its destabilization mechanism.
Comparative study of commercially available lipases in hydrolysis reaction of phosphatidylcholine (1997)

Abstract Nineteen commercial lipase preparations were compared with respect to their ability to hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine (PC) in a reverse micellar system. In terms of the source organism, lipases from Mucor or Rhizopus species showed comparatively high reactivity, while those from Aspergillus and Humicola sp. exhibited little PC hydrolysis activity. Almost no hydrolysis reaction was observed by positionally nonspecific lipases derived from Candida sp. The results suggest that particular attention should be paid to the source organism in selecting lipases for use in the enzymatic conversion of phospholipids.
Radiation-induced Interphase Death of Rat Thymocytes is Internally Programmed (Apoptosis) (1988)

Thymocytes are highly radiosensitive and show 'interphase death' within a few hours after low doses of irradiation. However, the mechanisms responsible for this type of death remain ill-defined. Separation of the dead thymocyte fraction from irradiated thymocyte suspensions by centrifugation on Percoll gradients provided homogeneous populations of dead cells suitable for detailed study. Using this method, radiation-induced interphase death of thymocytes was found to involve a sharp but transient increase in buoyant density, concomitant with the appearance of distinctive morphologic changes which included disappearance of microvilli and blistering of the cell surface. The chromatin in the dead cells had a molecular weight sufficiently low to resist sedimentation, and consisted of short oligonucleosome chains. We were unable to detect populations of cells intermediate between the dead and normal in the above characteristics. Interphase death thus involves a discrete, abrupt transition from the normal state and is not merely the consequence of progressive and degenerative changes. Furthermore, immediate cessation of development of interphase death by cycloheximide suggested a possible involvement of protein synthesis on this transition step.
Functional Differences in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat Pads Originate from Differences in the Adipose Stem Cell (2012)

Metabolic pathologies mainly originate from adipose tissue (AT) dysfunctions. AT differences are associated with fat-depot anatomic distribution in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral omental (VAT) pads. We address the question whether the functional differences between the two compartments may be present early in the adipose stem cell (ASC) instead of being restricted to the mature adipocytes. Using a specific human ASC model, we evaluated proliferation/differentiation of ASC from abdominal SAT-(S-ASC) and VAT-(V-ASC) paired biopsies in parallel as well as the electrophysiological properties and functional activity of ASC and their in vitro-derived adipocytes. A dramatic difference in proliferation and adipogenic potential was observed between the two ASC populations, S-ASC having a growth rate and adipogenic potential significantly higher than V-ASC and giving rise to more functional and better organized adipocytes. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive electrophysiological analysis of ASC and derived-adipocytes, showing electrophysiological properties, such as membrane potential, capacitance and K(+)-current parameters which confirm the better functionality of S-ASC and their derived adipocytes. We document the greater ability of S-ASC-derived adipocytes to secrete adiponectin and their reduced susceptibility to lipolysis. These features may account for the metabolic differences observed between the SAT and VAT. Our findings suggest that VAT and SAT functional differences originate at the level of the adult ASC which maintains a memory of its fat pad of origin. Such stem cell differences may account for differential adipose depot susceptibility to the development of metabolic dysfunction and may represent a suitable target for specific therapeutic approaches.
Hyphos--a self-organizing, wireless network (1997)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts & Sciences, 1997.
Bayesian recognition of motion related activities with inertial sensors (2010)

This work presents the design and evaluation of an activity recognition system for seven important motion related activities. The only sensor used is an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) worn on the belt.
Controlled activation of morphogenesis to generate a functional human microvasculature in a synthetic matrix (2011)

Understanding the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in vascular morphogenesis has been possible using natural ECMs as in vitro models to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. However, little is known about vascular morphogenesis in synthetic matrices where properties can be tuned toward both the basic understanding of tubulogenesis in modular environments and as a clinically relevant alternative to natural materials for regenerative medicine. We investigated synthetic, tunable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels and determined both the adhesion and degradation parameters that enable human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) to form efficient vascular networks. Entrapped ECFCs underwent tubulogenesis dependent on the cellular interactions with the HA hydrogel during each stage of vascular morphogenesis. Vacuole and lumen formed through integrins α(5)β(1) and α(V)β(3), while branching and sprouting were enabled by HA hydrogel degradation. Vascular networks formed within HA hydrogels containing ECFCs anastomosed with the host's circulation and supported blood flow in the hydrogel after transplantation. Collectively, we show that the signaling pathways of vascular morphogenesis of ECFCs can be precisely regulated in a synthetic matrix, resulting in a functional microvasculature useful for the study of 3-dimensional vascular biology and toward a range of vascular disorders and approaches in tissue regeneration.
Computer Program for Pitch Extraction (1962)

It is assumed that pitch extraction obtained by visual inspection of a speech wave is the best pitch extraction obtainable. A computer program has been written which aims to detect pitch as well as this ideal. The program features three separate tests and a method of combining them which gives a composite result which is better than any of the individual tests. For most of the sentences tried, the computer results were as good as the “ideal.” Informal listening indicates that a pitch detector which performed as well as the program would appreciably enhance Vocoder quality.
Ribosomal and non‐ribosomal resistance to oxazolidinones: species‐specific idiosyncrasy of ribosomal alterations (2002)

A derivative of Mycobacterium smegmatis, which carries only one functional rRNA (rrn) operon, was used to isolate mutants resistant to the ribosome-targeted antibiotic linezolid. Isolation and characterization of linezolid-resistant clones revealed two classes of mutants. Ribosomes from class I mutants are resistant to oxazolidinones in an in vitro peptidyl transferase assay, indicating that resistance maps to the ribosome component. In contrast, ribosomes from class II mutants show wild-type susceptibility to a linezolid derivative in vitro, pointing to a non-ribosomal mechanism of resistance. Introduction of a wild-type ribosomal RNA operon into linezolid-resistant strains restored linezolid sensitivity in class I mutants, indicating that resistance (i) maps to the rRNA and (ii) is recessive. Sequencing of the entire rrn operon identified a single nucleotide alteration in 23S rRNA of class I mutant strains, 2447G --> T (Escherichia coli numbering). Introduction of mutant rrl2447T into M. smegmatis rrn- resulted in a linezolid-resistant phenotype, demonstrating a cause-effect relationship of the 2447G --> T alteration. The 2447G --> T mutation, which renders M. smegmatis linezolid resistant, confers lethality in E. coli. This finding is strong evidence of structural and pos-sibly functional differences between the ribosomes of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In agreement with the results of the in vitro assay, class II mutants show a wild-type sequence of the complete rRNA operon. The lack of cross-resistance of the class II mutants to other antibiotics suggests a resistance mechanism other than activation of a broad-spectrum multidrug transporter.
Prediction error as a quality metric for motion and stereo (1999)

This paper presents a new methodology for evaluating the quality of motion estimation and stereo correspondence algorithms. Motivated by applications such as novel view generation and motion-compensated compression, we suggest that the ability to predict new views or frames is a natural metric for evaluating such algorithms. Our new metric has several advantages over comparing algorithm outputs to true motions or depths. First of all, it does not require the knowledge of ground truth data, which may be difficult or laborious to obtain. Second, it more closely matches the ultimate requirements of the application, which are typically tolerant of errors in uniform color regions, but very sensitive to isolated pixel errors or disocclusion errors. In the paper we develop a number of error metrics based on this paradigm, including forward and inverse prediction errors, residual motion error and local motion-compensated prediction error. We show results on a number of widely used motion and stereo sequences, many of which do not have associated ground truth data.
Differential Immunogenicity of Two Peptides Isolated by High Molecular Weight-Melanoma-Associated Antigen-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies with Different Affinities (2005)

Peptide mimics isolated from phage display peptide libraries by panning with self-tumor-associated Ag (TAA)-specific mAbs are being evaluated as immunogens to implement active specific immunotherapy. Although TAA-specific mAb are commonly used to isolate peptide mimics, no information is available regarding the Ab characteristics required to isolate immunogenic TAA peptide mimics. To address this question, we have used mAb 763.74 and mAb GH786, which recognize the same or spatially close antigenic determinant(s) of the human high m.w.-melanoma-associated Ag (HMW-MAA), although with different affinity. mAb 763.74 affinity is higher than that of mAb GH786. Panning of phage display peptide libraries with mAb 763.74 and mAb GH786 resulted in the isolation of peptides P763.74 and PGH786, respectively. When compared for their ability to induce HMW-MAA-specific immune responses in BALB/c mice, HMW-MAA-specific Ab titers were significantly higher in mice immunized with P763.74 than in those immunized with PGH786. The HMW-MAA-specific Ab titers were markedly increased by a booster with HMW-MAA-bearing melanoma cells, an effect that was significantly higher in mice primed with P763.74 than in those primed with PGH786. Lastly, P763.74, but not PGH786, induced a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to HMW-MAA-bearing melanoma cells. These findings suggest that affinity for TAA is a variable to take into account when selecting mAb to isolate peptide mimics from a phage display peptide library.
The Comparative RNA Web (CRW) Site: an online database of comparative sequence and structure information for ribosomal, intron, and other RNAs (2002)

This online RNA sequence and structure information, the result of extensive analysis, interpretation, data collection, and computer program and web development, is accessible at our Comparative RNA Web (CRW) Site http://www.rna.icmb.utexas.edu. In the future, more data and information will be added to these existing categories, new categories will be developed, and additional RNAs will be studied and presented at the CRW Site.
The amide groups of insulin (1955)

Research Article| March 01 1955 The amide groups of insulin F. Sanger; F. Sanger * 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. O. P. Thompson; E. O. P. Thompson 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ruth Kitai Ruth Kitai 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1955) 59 (3): 509–518. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0590509 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. Sanger, E. O. P. Thompson, Ruth Kitai; The amide groups of insulin. Biochem J 1 March 1955; 59 (3): 509–518. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0590509 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1955 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1955 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Highly potent human hematopoietic stem cells first emerge in the intraembryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (2011)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge during embryogenesis and maintain hematopoiesis in the adult organism. Little is known about the embryonic development of human HSCs. We demonstrate that human HSCs emerge first in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region, specifically in the dorsal aorta, and only later appear in the yolk sac, liver, and placenta. AGM region cells transplanted into immunodeficient mice provide long-term high level multilineage hematopoietic repopulation. Human AGM region HSCs, although present in low numbers, exhibit a very high self-renewal potential. A single HSC derived from the AGM region generates at least 300 daughter HSCs in primary recipients, which disseminate throughout the entire recipient bone marrow and are retransplantable. These findings highlight the vast regenerative potential of the earliest human HSCs and set a new standard for in vitro generation of HSCs from pluripotent stem cells for the purpose of regenerative medicine.
Sodium Stibogluconate (Pentostam) Overdose during Treatment of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (1992)

A 27-year-old woman who acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central America was inadvertently treated with 10 times the intended daily dose of the pentavalent antimonial compound sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam): 8500 mg (143 mg/kg) instead of 850 mg. The patient felt "wiped out" during the 4-h infusion of the drug. After the mistake in dosing was discovered, she was vigorously hydrated and carefully monitored in an intensive care unit for greater than 48 h. Her vital signs were stable, and no arrhythmias were noted. Her alanine aminotransferase level rose briefly to 2.4 times the upper limit of normal, and her white blood cell count briefly fell 43% to a low of 3700/microliter. Her skin lesions subsequently healed without further therapy. Although sodium stibogluconate has been associated with a variety of side effects, in this case, a single high dose of the drug was tolerated without serious toxicity.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Principles in Zingiberis Rhizoma by Means of High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Liquid Chromatography. On the Evaluation of Zinglberis Rhizoma and Chemical Change of Constituents during Zingiberis Rhizoma Processing (1993)

As a continuing study on the evaluation of various Zingiberis Rhizoma and the chemical characterization of the processing, a quantitative method by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for 6, 8, 10-gingerol (1, 2, 3), 6,8-shogaol (4, 5), 6-dehydrogingerdione (6), and galanolactone (7) has been developed. By the use of this HPLC method, the contents of these compound in twenty kinds of Zingiberis Rhizoma [originating in China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Japan (Shizuoka Prefecture)] and fresh ginger root cultivated in Shizuoka Prefecture were examined. It was found that Japanese Zingiberis Rhizoma and fresh ginger root contained 6-gingerol (1), 6-dehydrogingerdione (6), and galanolactone (7) as major constituents, whereas 7 was not detected in imported Zingiberis Rhizoma and 6 was detected in Vietnamese Zingiberis Rhizoma. Furthermore, the contents of 1 and 7 in fresh ginger root decreased remarkably during the processing procedure for Zingiberis Rhizoma. In addition, anti-ulcer sesquiterpene constituents in seven kinds of Zingiberis Rhizoma were analyzed by means of gas liquid chromatography (GLC).
Modification of multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A phenotype by cell membrane proximity of RET mutations in exon 10 (2008)

Rearranged during transfection (RET) germ-line mutations in exon 10 are peculiar because they produce both gain-of-function multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and loss-of-function Hirschsprung's disease phenotypes. Drawing on 38 medullary thyroid cancer patients harboring germ-line mutations in codon 620 ( n =8), 618 ( n =19), 611 ( n =10), and 609 ( n =1), this study aimed to test the hypothesis that closer proximity of RET germ-line mutations in exon 10 to the cell membrane may translate into earlier or more advanced disease. The closer mutations in codon 620, 618, and 611 were located to the transmembrane domain (codons 657–636) of the RET receptor, the greater were mean primary tumor diameters (23.5, 18.7, and 7.5 mm, P =0.020), the frequency of lymph node metastasis (75, 68, and 30%, P =0.11) and pheochromocytoma (38, 16, and 0%, P =0.11). Periods of observation were broadly comparable for these groups (mean age 33.4–39.3 years; P =0.71). When mutations in adjoining codons were collapsed (codons 620/618 vs 611/609), the differences in mean primary tumor diameter (20.1 vs 7.4 mm, P =0.005) and lymph node metastasis (70 vs 36%; P =0.07) were accentuated. Compared with 80 carriers of exon 11 mutations (codon 634, n =78; codon 630, n =2), the 38 carriers of exon 10 mutations, which are rarer and confer a weaker transforming activity in vitro than exon 11 mutations, required significantly more time to develop fewer tumors. Although limited in numbers, these data suggested that membrane proximity is an important determinant of tumor development in carriers of RET mutations in exon 10.