gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thioredoxin, a Redox Enzyme Released in Infection and Inflammation, Is a Unique Chemoattractant for Neutrophils, Monocytes, and T Cells (1999)

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a ubiquitous intracellular protein disulfide oxidoreductase with a CXXC active site that can be released by various cell types upon activation. We show here that Trx is chemotactic for monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and T lymphocytes, both in vitro in the standard micro Boyden chamber migration assay and in vivo in the mouse air pouch model. The potency of the chemotactic action of Trx for all leukocyte populations is in the nanomolar range, comparable with that of known chemokines. However, Trx does not increase intracellular Ca2+ and its activity is not inhibited by pertussis toxin. Thus, the chemotactic action of Trx differs from that of known chemokines in that it is G protein independent. Mutation of the active site cysteines resulted in loss of chemotactic activity, suggesting that the latter is mediated by the enzyme activity of Trx. Trx also accounted for part of the chemotactic activity released by human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1-infected cells, which was inhibited by incubation with anti-Trx antibody. Since Trx production is induced by oxidants, it represents a link between oxidative stress and inflammation that is of particular interest because circulating Trx levels are elevated in inflammatory diseases and HIV infection.
CLASS I MHC MEDIATES PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH IN HUMAN LYMPHOID CELLS1 (1997)

These studies provide the first evidence that class I MHC molecules mediate PCD in human T and B cells.
The R496H mutation of arylsulfatase A does not cause metachromatic leukodystrophy (1998)

Deficiency of arylsulfatase A (ARSA) enzyme activity causes metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). A number of ARSA gene mutations responsible for MLD have been identified. Recently, the R496H mutation of ARSA was proposed to be a cause of MLD (Draghia et al., 1997). We have investigated the R496H mutation and found this mutation at a relatively high frequency in an African American population (f = 0.09, n = 61 subjects). The ARSA enzyme activity in subjects with and without the R496H mutation was determined and found to be normal. It is therefore concluded that the R496H mutation of ARSA does not negatively influence the activity of ARSA and is not a cause of MLD. Hum Mutat 12:238–239, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Sphingomyelinase activity at pH 7.4 in human brain and a comparison to activity at pH 5.0 (1976)

A hitherto undescribed sphingomyelinase (sph'ase 7.4) of human brain has been studied in crude and partially purified (3- to 4- fold) extracts of grey matter, and compared to the known sphingomyelinase with an acid pH optimum (sph'ase 5.0). Its specificity for sphingomyelin as substrate is similar to that of sph'ase 5.0, but it differs from sph'ase 5.0 in its pH optimum (7.4 vs 5.0) and in a requirement for Mg2+ for optimal activity. Other properties of sph'ase 7.4 that distinguish it from sph'ase 5.0 include (a) its lack of appreciable solubilization during dialysis of crude homogenates (b) a more marked concentrations in grey matter than in white matter (9- to 13- fold vs 1.5- to 2-fold for sph'ase 5.0); (c) inhibition by Ca2+ and Cd2+ ions, and by EDTA; (D) stimulation by dithiothreitol, and inhibition by cysteine, N-ethylmaleimide, and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate; (e) lack of inhibition by nucleotides (AMP.ADP, and ATP) and by NAD plus NADH; and (f) relative instability to storage or manipulation between -20degrees C and 40degrees C. These differences indicate the SPH'ASE 7.4 is a different enzyme protein from sph'ase 5.0. Unlike sph'ase 5.0, which is widely distributed in mammalian tissues, sph'ase 7.4 occurs predominantly in grey matter and little activity was observed is spleen, liver, or leukocytes. The high levels of this enzyme in brain suggest a role related to the specific functions of this organ or to the need for a more stringent control of sphingomyelin catabolism in brain as compared to other organs.
Neutralising Antibodies to the Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Receptor Recognise both the Immunoglobulin-like Domain and the Cytokine Receptor Homologous Domain (1997)

To define regions of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor that are important for ligand binding, neutralising monoclonal antibodies to the human receptor have been produced. Eleven antibodies recognised six different receptor epitopes. Antibodies from three of the epitope groups were able to detect the receptor by western blotting but did not inhibit G-CSF binding. The other three antibody groups inhibited G-CSF binding either completely (groups 1 and 2) or partially (group 3). All the antibodies inhibited proliferation of BA/F3 cells expressing the G-CSF receptor to varying extents. By using human-marine chimeric receptors, the binding sites of the antibodies were mapped to the immunoglobulin-like domain (groups 1 and 3), the cytokine receptor homologous domain (group 2) or the fibronectin type III domains (groups 4 to 6). These results show that the immunoglobulin-like and cytokine receptor homologous domains of the receptor are important for ligand binding and subsequent signalling.
Distinct Functions of the Fc∊R1 γ and β Subunits in the Control of Fc∊R1-mediated Tyrosine Kinase Activation and Signaling Responses in RBL-2H3 Mast Cells (1995)

In RBL-2H3 rat tumor mast cells, cross-linking the high affinity IgE receptor, Fc epsilon R1, activates the protein-tyrosine kinases Lyn and Syk and initiates a series of responses including protein-tyrosine phosphorylation, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate synthesis, Ca2+ mobilization, secretion, membrane ruffling, and actin plaque assembly. The development of chimeric receptors containing cytoplasmic domains of individual subunits of the heterotrimeric (alpha beta gamma 2) Fc epsilon R1 has simplified analyses of early signaling events in RBL-2H3 cells. Here, RBL-2H3 cells were transfected with cDNAs encoding the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha subunit (the Tac antigen) joined to the C-terminal cytoplasmic domains of the Fc epsilon R1 gamma and beta subunits (TT gamma and TT beta). Both sequences contain tyrosine activation motifs implicated in antigen receptor signal transduction. TT gamma and TT beta are expressed independently of the native Fc epsilon R1, as demonstrated by the ability of Tac cross-linking agents to trigger the clustering and internalization through coated pits of both chimeric receptors without co-clustering the Fc epsilon R1. A full range of signaling activities is induced by TT gamma cross-linking; the TT gamma-induced responses are slower and, except for Lyn activation, smaller than the Fc epsilon R1-induced responses. In striking contrast, TT beta cross-linking elicits no tyrosine phosphorylation or signaling responses, it impairs basal activities measured in secretion and anti-PY (anti-phosphotyrosine antibody) immune complex kinase assays, and it antagonizes Fc epsilon R1-induced Lyn and Syk activation, protein-tyrosine phosphorylation, and signaling responses. We hypothesize that the isolated beta subunit binds a specific kinase or coupling protein(s) required for signaling activity, sequestering it from the signal-transducing gamma subunit. Binding the same kinase or coupling protein to the beta subunit of the intact Fc epsilon R1 may serve instead to present it to the adjacent gamma subunit, resulting in enhanced kinase activation and signaling responses.
A Transmembrane Intracellular Estrogen Receptor Mediates Rapid Cell Signaling (2005)

The steroid hormone estrogen regulates many functionally unrelated processes in numerous tissues. Although it is traditionally thought to control transcriptional activation through the classical nuclear estrogen receptors, it also initiates many rapid nongenomic signaling events. We found that of all G protein-coupled receptors characterized to date, GPR30 is uniquely localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it specifically binds estrogen and fluorescent estrogen derivatives. Activating GPR30 by estrogen resulted in intracellular calcium mobilization and synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in the nucleus. Thus, GPR30 represents an intracellular transmembrane estrogen receptor that may contribute to normal estrogen physiology as well as pathophysiology.
H.G. Oesterheld: Maestro de los sueños 4. De Lord Pampa a Marvo Luna (2014)

espanolCerrada la etapa de su propia editorial, Oesterheld colabora en varias publicaciones; pese al mal momento que vive en lo animico y en lo economico, produce para `Misterix´ de Editorial Yago el que muchos consideran su mejor personaje: `Mort Cinder´, junto al maestro Breccia. Tambien con Breccia, para la revista `Gente´ de Editorial Atlantida, da a conocer la segunda version de `El Eternauta´. Notas: Articulo publicado en 2005 en el numero 19 de la `Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios sobre la Historieta EnglishClosed the stage of his own editorial, Oesterheld collaborates in several publications; in spite of the bad moment that he lives in the psychic and in the economic thing, he produces for `Misterix´ of Editorial Yago the character that many consider his best one: `Mort Cinder´, with the artist Breccia. Also with Breccia, for the magazine `Gente´ of Editorial Atlantis, he creates the second version of `The Eternauta´.
Factors affecting liposomes particle size prepared by ethanol injection method (2017)

Ethanol injection is one of the techniques frequently used to produce liposomes which favors both simplicity and safety. In this process, an ethanolic solution of lipids is rapidly injected into an aqueous medium through a needle, dispersing the phospholipids throughout the medium and promoting the vesicle formation. Being a critical parameter that determines the fate of liposome and its distribution, we studied different factors affecting the particle size of liposomes including different phospholipid (Phosal<sup>®</sup> 53 MCT) and cholesterol concentrations and the use of different types of non-ionic surfactants at fixed Phosal<sup>®</sup> 53 MCT concentration of 50 mg per formulation. Both Phosal<sup>®</sup> 53 MCT and cholesterol concentration had direct effect on liposomes particle size. Non-ionic surfactants produced liposomes of smaller particle size when compared to conventional liposomes formed using Phosal<sup>®</sup> 53 MCT 300 mg per formulation only, whereas this effect was diminished when higher Phosal<sup>®</sup> 53 MCT to cholesterol ratios were used that obviously increased liposomes size. Smaller liposomes sizes were obtained upon using non-ionic surfactants of lower hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance (HLB) as both Tween 80 and Cremophor RH 40 produced liposomes of smaller particle size compared to Poloxamer 407. The smallest liposomes particle size was successfully obtained in the formulation comprising 300 mg Phosal<sup>®</sup> MCT, 150 mg cholesterol and 50 mg Tween 80.
Mooney Viscosity Stability and Polymer Filler Interactions in Silica Filled Rubbers (2002)

Abstract The change in Mooney viscosity ( ML 1+4 ) with aging was followed for silica filled compounds containing various silanes and polar additives. Several mechanisms for the aging stability are postulated and evaluated through experimentation. The type of silane or polar additive used can cause the ML 1+4 to increase or even decrease during aging. When bis(triethoxy silanes) are used in silica filled rubbers, the ML 1+4 growth during aging is caused by hydrolysis. Silica-silica bridging was found to be responsible for the ML 1+4 growth in rubber compounds containing a more thermally stable polysulfide or a sulfur-free bis(triethoxy silane). When the bis(triethoxy silane) is bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT), a fraction of TESPT is attached to the unsaturated rubber to give polymer-silica attachments. These attachments further enhance the hydrolytic ML 1+4 increase during aging. Chemical coating of the silica with a monofunctional silane or a physical coating with a trialkyl amine compound effectively stops the ML 1+4 increase upon aging. The prevention of ML 1+4 growth is so efficient that a reduction in the ML 1+4 can be realized by absorption of ambient moisture. The extent of ML 1+4 reduction caused by moisture depends on the degree of hydrophobation of the coated silicas. Hydrolytic stability was also studied with an amine or a sugar fatty acid ester that formed either strong or weak polar associations to the silica.
A second iron-regulatory system in yeast independent of Aft1p (2001)

Iron homeostasis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated at the transcriptional level by Aft1p, which activates the expression of its target genes in response to low-iron conditions. The yeast genome contains a paralog of AFT1, which has been designated AFT2. To establish whether AFT1 and AFT2 have overlapping functions, a mutant containing a double aft1Deltaaft2Delta deletion was generated. Growth assays established that the single aft2Delta strain exhibited no iron-dependent phenotype. However, the double-mutant aft1Deltaaft2Delta strain was more sensitive to low-iron growth conditions than the single-mutant aft1Delta strain. A mutant allele of AFT2 (AFT2-1(up)), or overexpression of the wild-type AFT2 gene, led to partial complementation of the respiratory-deficient phenotype of the aft1Delta strain. The AFT2-1(up) allele also increased the uptake of (59)Fe in an aft1Delta strain. DNA microarrays were used to identify genes regulated by AFT2. Some of the AFT2-regulated genes are known to be regulated by Aft1p; however, AFT2-1(up)-dependent activation was independent of Aft1p. The kinetics of induction of two genes activated by the AFT2-1(up) allele are consistent with Aft2p acting as a direct transcriptional factor. Truncated forms of Aft1p and Aft2p bound to a DNA duplex containing the Aft1p binding site in vitro. The wild-type allele of AFT2 activated transcription in response to growth under low-iron conditions. Together, these data suggest that yeast has a second regulatory pathway for the iron regulon, with AFT1 and AFT2 playing partially redundant roles.
Quantum Hamiltonian-Based Models and the Variational Quantum Thermalizer Algorithm (2019)

We introduce a new class of generative quantum-neural-network-based models called Quantum Hamiltonian-Based Models (QHBMs). In doing so, we establish a paradigmatic approach for quantum-probabilistic hybrid variational learning, where we efficiently decompose the tasks of learning classical and quantum correlations in a way which maximizes the utility of both classical and quantum processors. In addition, we introduce the Variational Quantum Thermalizer (VQT) for generating the thermal state of a given Hamiltonian and target temperature, a task for which QHBMs are naturally well-suited. The VQT can be seen as a generalization of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) to thermal states: we show that the VQT converges to the VQE in the zero temperature limit. We provide numerical results demonstrating the efficacy of these techniques in illustrative examples. We use QHBMs and the VQT on Heisenberg spin systems, we apply QHBMs to learn entanglement Hamiltonians and compression codes in simulated free Bosonic systems, and finally we use the VQT to prepare thermal Fermionic Gaussian states for quantum simulation.
iVisClustering: An Interactive Visual Document Clustering via Topic Modeling (2012)

Abstract Clustering plays an important role in many large‐scale data analyses providing users with an overall understanding of their data. Nonetheless, clustering is not an easy task due to noisy features and outliers existing in the data, and thus the clustering results obtained from automatic algorithms often do not make clear sense. To remedy this problem, automatic clustering should be complemented with interactive visualization strategies. This paper proposes an interactive visual analytics system for document clustering, called iVisClustering, based on a widely‐used topic modeling method, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). iVisClustering provides a summary of each cluster in terms of its most representative keywords and visualizes soft clustering results in parallel coordinates. The main view of the system provides a 2D plot that visualizes cluster similarities and the relation among data items with a graph‐based representation. iVisClustering provides several other views, which contain useful interaction methods. With help of these visualization modules, we can interactively refine the clustering results in various ways. Keywords can be adjusted so that they characterize each cluster better. In addition, our system can filter out noisy data and re‐cluster the data accordingly. Cluster hierarchy can be constructed using a tree structure and for this purpose, the system supports cluster‐level interactions such as sub‐clustering, removing unimportant clusters, merging the clusters that have similar meanings, and moving certain clusters to any other node in the tree structure. Furthermore, the system provides document‐level interactions such as moving mis‐clustered documents to another cluster and removing useless documents. Finally, we present how interactive clustering is performed via iVisClustering by using real‐world document data sets.
Intravenous administration of ONYX-015, a selectively replicating adenovirus, induces antitumoral efficacy. (1999)

Replication-incompetent viral vectors are being developed for the gene therapy of cancer. Although some of these may eventually be proven to have significant localized antitumoral activity, none to date have been shown to infect and cause regression of established tumors following i.v. administration. Because cancer is a systemic disease in almost all fatal cases, the lack of i.v. efficacy is a major limitation to treatment with replication-incompetent viral vectors. ONYX-015 (d11520) is an attenuated adenovirus that replicates in and causes selective lysis of cancer cells. We carried out i.v. efficacy and distribution studies in nude mice with s.c. and intraparenchymal tumor xenografts. ONYX-015 infected and replicated efficiently within tumors following i.v. administration. Viral titers in livers were relatively high 3 h after administration but decreased rapidly, becoming undetectable after 24 h. Effective antitumor doses were not associated with hepatic toxicity. Viral replication within tumors was associated with regressions in several tumor models. Selectively replicating viruses like ONYX-015 hold promise as agents to treat metastatic cancer.
Microcolinearity in sh2 -homologous regions of the maize, rice, and sorghum genomes (1997)

Large regions of genomic colinearity have been demonstrated among grass species by recombinational mapping, but the degree of chromosomal conservation at the sub-centimorgan level has not been extensively investigated. We cloned the rice and sorghum genes homologous to the sh2 locus of maize on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), and observed that a homologue of the maize a1 gene was also present on each of these BACs. In sorghum, we found a direct duplication of a1 homologues separated by about 10 kb. In maize, sh2 and a1 are approximately 140 kb apart and transcribed in the same direction, with sh2 upstream of a1. In rice and sorghum, this arrangement is fully conserved. However, the sh2 and a1 homologues are separated by about 19 kb in both rice and sorghum. We found low-copy-number and repetitive DNAs between the sh2 and a1 homologues of sorghum and rice. The sh2 and a1 homologues cross-hybridized, but the repetitive DNA and most low-copy-number sequences between these genes did not. These results indicate that maize, sorghum, and rice have conserved gene order and composition in the sh2-a1 region, but have acquired extensive qualitative and quantitative differences in the sequences between these genes.
A phase I trial of NK-92 cells for refractory hematological malignancies relapsing after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation shows safety and evidence of efficacy (2017)

Irradiated NK-92 cells can be administered at very high doses with minimal toxicity in patients with refractory blood cancers, who had relapsed after AHCT. We conclude that high dose NK-92 therapy is safe, shows some evidence of efficacy in patients with refractory blood cancers and warrants further clinical investigation.
Molecular cloning and characterization of methylenedioxy bridge‐forming enzymes involved in stylopine biosynthesis in Eschscholzia californica (2007)

(S)-stylopine is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of benzophenanthridine alkaloids, such as sanguinarine. Stylopine biosynthesis involves the sequential formation of two methylenedioxy bridges. Although the methylenedioxy bridge-forming P450 (CYP719) involved in berberine biosynthesis has been cloned from Coptis japonica[Ikezawa N, Tanaka M, Nagayoshi M, Shinkyo R, Sakaki T, Inouye K & Sato F (2003) J Biol Chem278, 38557-38565], no information is available regarding the genes for methylenedioxy bridge-forming enzymes in stylopine biosynthesis. Two cytochrome P450 cDNAs involved in stylopine biosynthesis were isolated using degenerate primers designed for C. japonica CYP719 from cultured Eschscholzia californica cells. Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that both CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 had stylopine synthase activity to catalyze methylenedioxy bridge-formation from cheilanthifoline to stylopine, but not cheilanthifoline synthase activity to convert scoulerine to cheilanthifoline. Functional differences and expression patterns of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 were examined to investigate their physiological roles in stylopine biosynthesis. Enzymatic analysis showed that CYP719A2 had high substrate affinity only toward (R,S)-cheilanthifoline, whereas CYP719A3 had high affinity toward three similar substrates (R,S)-cheilanthifoline, (S)-scoulerine, and (S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine. An expression analysis in E. californica plant tissues showed that CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 exhibited expression patterns similar to those of three stylopine biosynthetic genes (CYP80B1, berberine bridge enzyme, and S-adenosyl-l-methionine : 3'-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase), whereas the specific expression of CYP719A3 in root was notable. Treatment of E. californica seedlings with methyl jasmonate resulted in the coordinated induction of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 genes. The physiological roles of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 in stylopine biosynthesis are discussed.
Diagnostic deoxyribonucleic acid probes for infectious diseases (1988)

Virtually all microorganisms contain some unique nucleotide sequences which can be the target of deoxyribonucleic acid probes. Probes have been used successfully to identify a wide variety of pathogens from the simple ribonucleic acid-containing polioviruses to the complex filarial worms Brugia malayi. Probe technology offers the clinical laboratory the potential both to extend the types of pathogens that can be readily identified and to reduce significantly the time associated with the identification of fastidious microorganisms. Over a dozen commercially prepared deoxyribonucleic acid probe tests are now available. This article explores the development of deoxyribonucleic acid probe tests and reviews the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of many of the diagnostic probes developed during the last several years. Prospects for newer, more sensitive detection systems for the products of hybridization reactions are also reviewed.