gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brain uptake of dihydroergotamine after intravenous and nasal administration in the rat (1998)

This study was conducted to determine the uptake of dihydroergotamine (DHE) into the brain after intravenous and intranasal administration in rats. Eight anesthetized rats received either an intravenous (i.v.) or two successive intranasal (i.n.) doses of tritium labeled dihydroergotamine (3H-DHE) with 14C-inulin as a non-BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeable marker. Radioactivity concentrations in plasma were determined at designated times within 30 min postdose, and in blood and seven brain regions (olfactory bulb, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, cerebellum, mid-brain areas, and brain stem) at 30 min. The plasma-to-brain permeability*area product (PeA) following an i.v. dose was calculated based on the 30-min brain tissue concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-30 min, i.v.) assuming unidirectional transport from plasma to brain. Direct transport from nasal cavity to brain was assessed based on the amount of radioactivity in brain determined experimentally and predicted based on plasma AUC0-30 min, i.n. and PeA obtained from i.v. data. Following an i.v. dose, DHE distributed into the brain with a brain-to-plasma concentration ratio of approximately 5% at 30 min postdose. The PeA value of DHE ranged from 8.6 x 10(-4) to 37.5 x 10(-4) mL min(-1) g(-1) in different brain regions. Following i.n. doses the experimentally determined concentration in olfactory bulb was approximately 51 times, and in other regions three to seven times, greater than predicted values based only on PeA and plasma AUC, suggesting a direct transport pathway from the nasal cavity to the brain. As a result, the brain tissue concentrations at 30 min were similar to (0.31-1.04 times) those following an i.v. dose except for the olfactory bulb, in which the concentration was approximately four times greater than that following an i.v. dose. In conclusion, 3H-DHE penetrated the BBB following intravenous administration. Following i.n. doses, 3H-DHE was able to enter the brain directly from the nasal cavity, with the olfactory bulb being a part of the direct passage from nasal cavity to brain.
Palladium(ii)-catalyzed direct O-alkenylation of 2-arylquinazolinones with N-tosylhydrazones: an efficient route to O-alkenylquinazolines (2017)

An efficient Pd(ii)-catalyzed direct O-alkenylation of 2-arylquinazolinones with simple ketone-derived N-tosylhydrazones is reported. In this reaction, O-alkenylquinazolines were obtained in good yields, with excellent functional group tolerance. Pd-carbene migratory insertion is proposed as the key step in the reaction mechanism.
U6 promoter‐enhanced GlnUAG suppressor tRNA has higher suppression efficacy and can be stably expressed in 293 cells (2013)

Because most tRNAs have cell-specific differential expression, this technique will enable the expression of different kinds of suppressor tRNAs in various cell types at high, functionally relevant levels. The techniques developed in the present study may contribute to the further development of suppressor tRNA-mediated gene therapy.
Hydrogen Sensors and Switches from Electrodeposited Palladium Mesowire Arrays (2001)

Hydrogen sensors and hydrogen-activated switches were fabricated from arrays of mesoscopic palladium wires. These palladium "mesowire" arrays were prepared by electrodeposition onto graphite surfaces and were transferred onto a cyanoacrylate film. Exposure to hydrogen gas caused a rapid (less than 75 milliseconds) reversible decrease in the resistance of the array that correlated with the hydrogen concentration over a range from 2 to 10%. The sensor response appears to involve the closing of nanoscopic gaps or "break junctions" in wires caused by the dilation of palladium grains undergoing hydrogen absorption. Wire arrays in which all wires possessed nanoscopic gaps reverted to open circuits in the absence of hydrogen gas.
Replication is not needed: single database, computationally-private information retrieval (2002)

We establish the following, quite unexpected, result: replication of data for the computational private information retrieval problem is not necessary. More specifically, based on the quadratic residuosity assumption, we present a single database, computationally private information retrieval scheme with O(n/sup /spl epsiv//) communication complexity for any /spl epsiv/>0.
Circularly polarised dielectric resonator antenna (1994)

A circularly polarised dielectric resonator antenna is reported. The circular polarisation is obtained by exciting the two orthogonal HE11δ modes of a cylindrical ring dielectric resonator in phase-quadrature. Measured results show that the antenna has an axial ratio of less than 3 dB over a beam width of 100° with a minimum value of ~0.5 dB in this range.
SW-620 cells treated with topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38: gene expression profiling (2005)

This study leads to an increased understanding of the biochemical pathways involved in SN-38-induced apoptosis and possibly to the identification of new therapeutic targets.
Efficient resolution of sparse indirections in data-parallel compilers (1995)

Article Efficient resolution of sparse indirections in data-parallel compilers Share on Authors: Manuel Ujaldon Computer Architecture Department, University of Malaga, Plaza EI Ejido, s/n. 29013 Malaga, Spain Computer Architecture Department, University of Malaga, Plaza EI Ejido, s/n. 29013 Malaga, SpainView Profile , Emilio L. Zapata Computer Architecture Department, University of Malaga, Plaza EI Ejido, s/n. 29013 Malaga, Spain Computer Architecture Department, University of Malaga, Plaza EI Ejido, s/n. 29013 Malaga, SpainView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICS '95: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on SupercomputingJuly 1995 Pages 117–126https://doi.org/10.1145/224538.224551Online:03 July 1995Publication History 13citation217DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations13Total Downloads217Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Induction of Tolerance Toward Rat Cardiac Allografts by Treatment With Allochimeric Class I MHC Antigen And FTY7201 (1997)

The combination of allochimeric protein with FTY720 induces transplantation tolerance, a state that may be associated with the appearance of donor-specific regulatory factors.
A follistatin-like gene, mac25, may act as a growth suppressor of osteosarcoma cells. (1996)

mac25, a retinoic acid-inducible gene that is expressed at high levels in senescent epithelial cells, was initially cloned as a gene that is differentially expressed in meningioma. Although the homology of its product with members of family of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins was suggested, the product also exhibits strong homology to follistatin, an activin-binding protein. However, a domain corresponding to the carboxyl terminus of follistatin is not found in mac25. The carboxyl-terminally truncated form of follistatin, generated by alternative splicing, has stronger activin-binding activity than the complete form. This result suggests that mac25 might act as an activated follistatin. Clonal growth of a p53-deficient osteosarcoma cell line was strongly inhibited when the murine mac25 gene, as well as the p53 gene, was introduced. Resembling activins that belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, mac25 and p53 might associate with similar but distinct targets, namely cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. However, there is no evidence for compensation of p53 function by mac25 in the development of p53-deficient mice, as judged from the pattern of expression of mac25 in mice. mac25 might act as a tumor suppressor, modulating signaling of the TGF-beta family, as does alpha-inhibin.
Harmonically-related diffraction gratings-based interferometer for quadrature phase measurements (2006)

We demonstrate the use of shallow diffraction gratings for quadrature phase interferometry. A single shallow diffraction grating-based Michelson interferometer yields only trivial (0(o) or 180(o) ) phase shift between different output ports. In comparison, a combination of two parallel shallow diffraction gratings can be useful to achieve desired phase shifts (e.g., 90 (o) for quadrature phase interferometry). We show that the phase at different output ports of a grating-pair based interferometer can be adjusted by shearing the two gratings with respect to each other. Two harmonically-related diffraction gratings are used to demonstrate phase shift control at the output ports of a modified Michelson interferometer. Our experimental data is in good agreement with theory.
Rosiglitazone increases testosterone levels in hypogonadal men with Type 2 diabetes (2005)

Thrombin is a serine protease known as activated coagulation factor II and is primarily applied as an effective local hemostatic agent. However, its clinical application is hindered by drawbacks, such as high sensitivity to the surrounding environment, instability and poor storage stability, easy inactivation, and low bioavailability. The biological functions of biomacromolecules in harsh environments can be preserved through biomineralization. Despite the success of biomimetic mineralization, limited consideration has been given to the mineral-based methods and the effect of various metal ions on enzyme activity. To explore an efficient technique for biomimetic mineralized thrombin, six kinds of ion/thrombin hybrid microflowers and two kinds of thrombin/MOF were synthesized in this work. The results showed that Zn-HNFs-G exhibits good hemostatic effect and maintains high enzymatic activity when exposed to high-temperature conditions. Meanwhile, Fe-HNFs-G, Thrombin@ZIF-8-G and Thrombin@MAF-7-G possess negligible enzyme protection.
Glucose Metabolism in the Insula and Cingulate Is Affected by Systemic Inflammation in Humans (2012)

Systemic inflammation in humans causes an increase in depressive symptoms and concurrent changes in glucose metabolism in the insula and cingulate-brain regions that are involved in interoception, positive emotionality, and motivation.
Expression of Prostate‐Specific Membrane Antigen in Normal and Malignant Human Tissues (2006)

These findings demonstrate that PSMA is widely distributed in normal tissues, and, depending on the tumors, its expression is up- or down-regulated, or unchanged. The broad distribution of PSMA may make it suitable for the diagnosis and therapy of a wide variety of tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Lead Borate Containing Infinite and Finite Chains Built up from BO4 and BO3 Units. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Erwinia chrysanthemi hrpGenesand Their Involvement in Soft Rot Pathogenesisand Elicitation of the Hypersensitive Response (1994)

Unlike the bacterial pathogens that typically cause the hypersensitive response (HR) in plants, Erwinia chrysanthemi has a wide host range, rapidly kills and macerates host tissues, and secretes several isozymes of the macerating enzyme pectate lyase (Pel). PelABCE- and Out- (secretion-deficient) mutants were observed to produce a rapid necrosis in tobacco leaves that was indistinguishable from the HR elicited by the narrow-host-range pathogens E. amylovora Ea321 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61. E. amylovora Ea321 hrp genes were used to identify hybridizing cosmids in a cosmid library of E. chrysanthemi EC16 DNA in Escherichia coli. A 16-kb BamHI fragment in one of these cosmids, pCPP2030, hybridized with E. amylovora hrp genes and was mutagenized with Tn10mini-kan. The mutations were introduced into the PelABCE- mutant CUCPB5006 by marker exchange. Two of the resultant hrp::Tn10mini-kan mutations were found to abolish the ability of CUCPB5006 to cause any necrosis in tobacco leaves unless complemented with pCPP2030. These two mutations were also marker-exchanged into the genome of wild-type strain AC4150. Analysis of DNA sequences flanking the hrp-2::Tn10mini-kan insertion revealed the mutated gene to be similar to a gene in E. amylovora Ea321 hrp complementation group VIII and to P. s. pv. syringae 61 hrpX. Neither of the hrp::Tn10mini-kan mutations affected the production or secretion of pectic enzymes by AC4150 or CUCPB5006. However, the hrp mutations reduced the ability of both AC4150 and CUCPB5006 to incite successful infections in witloof chicory leaves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Detection of Telomerase Activity Utilizing Energy Transfer Primers: Comparison with Gel- and ELISA-Based Detection (1999)

We have developed a closed-tube format telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay for direct quantification of telomerase activity within the PCR vessel. The assay utilizes energy transfer (ET) primers, which emit fluorescence only upon incorporation into PCR products. This novel ET primer system (Amplifluor primers) has major advantages over existing detection methods because it eliminates the need for post-PCR processing and thus reduces greatly the risk of carryover contamination and the time required for the sample analysis. The assay is as sensitive, specific and quantitative as the polyacrylamide gel-based or ELISA-based TRAP assay.
Antimicrobial Effect of Simple Lipids with Different Branches at the Methyl End Group (1975)

Various fatty acids of branched nature possess fungistatic and bacteriostatic properties. Some of these, particularly those of iso-configuration, strongly enhance the effect of conventional antimicrobial agents that act inside the cell membrane. A relation between this biological effect and the collapse properties of the corresponding monomolecular surface film on water has been observed. In this work, a series of fatty acids with a slightly smaller end group than iso-propyl, the omega-cyclopropane fatty acids, as well as one possessing a somewhat larger end group, the neo-branched fatty acids, have been examined. The omega-cyclopropane fatty acids were found to be more fungistatic than the iso-acids studied earlier. Furthermore, both cyclopropane and neo-fatty acids of short chain lengths exhibited synergistic effects in combination with tetramethylthiuramdisulfide.
Competitive routing in multi-user communication networks (2002)

A communication network shared by several selfish users is considered. Each user seeks to optimize its own performance by controlling the routing of its given flow demand, giving rise to a noncooperative game. The Nash equilibrium of such systems is investigated. For a two-node multiple-link system, the uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium is proved under reasonable convexity conditions. It is shown that this Nash equilibrium point possesses interesting monotonicity properties. For general networks, the uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium is established under various assumptions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stereoselective Glycal Fluorophosphorylation: Synthesis of ADP‐2‐fluoroheptose, an Inhibitor of the LPS Biosynthesis (2008)

Heptosides are found in important bacterial glycolipids such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the biosynthesis of which is targeted for the development of novel antibacterial agents. This work describes the synthesis of a fluorinated analogue of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptopyranose, the donor substrate of the heptosyl transferase WaaC, which catalyzes the incorporation of this carbohydrate into LPS. Synthetically, the key step for the preparation of ADP-2F-heptose is the simultaneous and stereoselective installation of both the fluorine atom at C-2 and the phosphoryl group at C-1 through a selectfluor-mediated (selectfluor=1-chloromethyl-4-fluorodiazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(triflate)) electrophilic addition/nucleophilic substitution involving a heptosylglycal. Therefore, we detail in this article 1) the stereoselective preparation of the key intermediates heptosylglycals, 2) the development of a new fluorophosphorylation procedure allowing an excellent beta-gluco stereoselectivity with "all-equatorial" glycals, 3) the synthesis of the target ADP-2F-heptose, and 4) some comments on the contacts observed between the fluorine atom of the final molecule and the protein in the crystallographic structure of heptosyltransferase WaaC.
<title>Liquid crystal thermography and thermovision in medical applications: pulmonological diagnostics</title> (2001)

An application of thermographic methods in pulmonological diagnostics in children is presented. Basic information concerning liquid crystal contact thermography is given. Diagnostic procedures and essential conclusions are described.
Mechanical and Microstructural Studies of Nanoclay Based Oil Well Cement Mix under High Pressure and Temperature Application (2016)

Abstract To prevent cement sheath damage, a robust cement sheath is required to ensure long-term integrity and stability of the well from the imposed stresses. Successful completion of cementing job has become more complex, as drilling is being carried out in high pressure high temperature (HPHT) wells. Recently, application of nanomaterials in enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluid, oil well cementing and other applications are being explored. This paper presents the outcomes of an experimental study conducted to investigate the effect of nanoclay as an additive on the properties of Type G cement slurry under HPHT conditions. An organically modified nanoclay in which natural montmorillonite is modified with a quaternary ammonium salt is used in a cement mix, typically used in the Saudi Arabian oil field under HPHT conditions. Nanoclay based cement mixes were prepared with 1%, 2% and 3% BWOC nanoclay, along with silica flour, and other chemical admixtures. Development of compressive strength properties, microstructural studies using SEM and XRD techniques and permeability and porosity studies were conducted. It was observed that nanoclay at 1%BWOC reduced the permeability and porosity and enhanced the compressive strength with the accelerated strength development at early ages. A crystal product that is interweaved and joined together to build strong and well-proportioned structure is developed in the harden cement paste. The smaller size particles fill the capillaries of the cement paste that resulted in a dense structure of the matrix. In addition, this novel slurry formulation with low permeability and porosity and high compressive strength, is suitable in zones where the possibility of gas migration is very high.
BIOLOGY OF BACTERIOCYTE-ASSOCIATED ENDOSYMBIONTS OF PLANT SAP-SUCKING INSECTS (2005)

Psyllids, whiteflies, aphids, and mealybugs are members of the suborder Sternorrhyncha and share a common property, namely the utilization of plant sap as their food source. Each of these insect groups has an obligatory association with a different prokaryotic endosymbiont, and the association is the result of a single infection followed by maternal, vertical transmission of the endosymbionts. The result of this association is the domestication of the free-living bacterium to serve the purposes of the host, namely the synthesis of essential amino acids. This domestication is probably in all cases accompanied by a major reduction in genome size. The different properties of the genomes and fragments of the genomes of these endosymbionts suggest that there are different constraints on the permissible evolutionary changes that are probably a function of the gene repertoire of the endosymbiont ancestor and the gene losses that occurred during the reduction of genome size.
The RNase H Mechanism (2007)

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are designed to modulate the information transfer from gene to protein-in essence to alter mRNA intermediary metabolism. mRNA intermediary metabolism is extremely complex beginning with transcription and concluding with degradation usually after translation. Each step is complex and in dynamic equilibrium with competing pathways. Although great progress has been made in understanding these processes, much remains unknown, and wehave only begun to understand the potential impacts of ASOs on these processes and the factors that influence the outcomes.
Large-scale meta-analysis of cancer microarray data identifies common transcriptional profiles of neoplastic transformation and progression (2004)

Many studies have used DNA microarrays to identify the gene expression signatures of human cancer, yet the critical features of these often unmanageably large signatures remain elusive. To address this, we developed a statistical method, comparative metaprofiling, which identifies and assesses the intersection of multiple gene expression signatures from a diverse collection of microarray data sets. We collected and analyzed 40 published cancer microarray data sets, comprising 38 million gene expression measurements from >3,700 cancer samples. From this, we characterized a common transcriptional profile that is universally activated in most cancer types relative to the normal tissues from which they arose, likely reflecting essential transcriptional features of neoplastic transformation. In addition, we characterized a transcriptional profile that is commonly activated in various types of undifferentiated cancer, suggesting common molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells progress and avoid differentiation. Finally, we validated these transcriptional profiles on independent data sets.
Mediation of Epstein-Barr Virus EBNA2 Transactivation by Recombination Signal-Binding Protein J κ (1994)

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transactivator protein, termed Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2), plays a critical role in the regulation of latent viral transcription and in the immortalization of EBV-infected B cells. Unlike most transcription factors, EBNA2 does not bind directly to its cis-responsive DNA element but requires a cellular factor, termed C-promoter binding factor 1 (CBF1). Here, CBF1 was purified and was found to directly interact with EBNA2. CBF1 is identical to a protein thought to be involved in immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, RBPJ kappa. Contrary to previous reports, CBF1-RBPJ kappa did not bind to the recombination signal sequences but instead bound to sites in the EBV C-promoter and in the CD23 promoter.
An Empirical Analysis of the Trading Structure at the Stockholm Stock Exchange (1995)

This paper describes and analyzes the trading structure at the Stockholm Stock Exchange. In the empirical part, we report stylized facts based on intraday transaction and order book data, focusing on the intraday behavior of returns, trading activity, order palcement and bid/ask spread, on the importance of the tick size and finally on some characteristics of the limit order book. Our main empirical conclusions are that a) the indraday U-chape in trading activity found in earlier U.S. studies on the whole also pertains to the Stockholm Stock Exchange, b) the limit order placement also followas an intraday U-shape, c) there is no distinct intraday pattern in returns, d) the volatility and bid/ask spread seems to be higher at the beginning of the trading day, e) the tick size is economically important, and f) the price impact of an order is a non-linear function of its quantity, implying price inelastic demand and supply.