gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on the responses of the femaleAedesmosquito. IX.—The mode of attractiveness of lysine and other amino-acids (1964)

Of 26 amino-acids tested against a solvent control for their attractiveness to females of Aedes aegypti (L.), lysine was the most attractive and six others (threonine, 1-methylhistidine, arginine, tyrosine, glutamine and alanine) were significantly attractive; nine amino-acids were significantly repellent. Lysine converted to the monopicrate, then to the dihydrochloride and then back to the free base was attractive. The degree of attractiveness of lysine was in direct proportion to the amount of uncombined CO 2 it inevitably adsorbs. It is also proportional to the amount of carbamino CO 2 combined in the molecule. Some commercial samples of lysine contain repellent principles removable by distillation. It is concluded that the attractiveness of lysine to A. aegypti is due to its ability to act as a vehicle for CO 2 , both adsorbed and in carbamino combination.
Analysis of the cytolytic T-lymphocyte response to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein B during primary and secondary infection (1994)

The immune response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in C57BL/6 mice includes a population of major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) that recognize the structural glycoprotein gB. To gain insight into the importance of this CTL subpopulation in vivo, gB-specific CTL present in the regional lymph nodes after a primary infection and after a reinfection of convalescent animals were analyzed. In a primary infection, gB-specific CTL precursors (CTLp) that recognized either a cell line constitutively expressing gB or cells pulsed with the optimal Kb-restricted gB epitope 498SSIEFARL505 were present at an estimated frequency of 1/12,000 compared with a frequency of 1/3,000 for CTLp which recognized cells infected with HSV-1 itself. In convalescent mice responding to reinfection, HSV-specific CTLp were present at an estimated frequency of 1/4,000 to 1/14,000. However, gB-specific CTLp could not be detected at this site. These findings suggest that CTL specific for an immunodominant epitope contribute substantially to the primary response but may not be a component of the HSV-specific CTL population that responds rapidly to reinfection in vivo.
The low window (1850)

The low window Get access T. T. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s1-II, Issue 34, 22 June 1850, Page 55, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s1-II.34.55a Published: 22 June 1850
Expression of Concern: A prototype hardware for random demodulation based compressive analog-to-digital conversion (2008)

In this paper, we utilize recent advances in compressive sensing theory to enable signal acquisition beyond Nyquist sampling constraints. We successfully recover signals sampled at sub-Nyquist sampling rates by exploiting additional structure other than bandlimitedness. We present a working prototype of compressive analog-to-digital converter (CADC) based on a random demodulation architecture. The architecture is particularly suitable for wideband signals that are sparse in the time-frequency plane. CADC has the advantage of enhancing the performance of communication and multimedia systems by increasing the transmission rate for the same bandwidth. We report successful reconstruction of AM modulated signals at sampling rates down to 1/8 of the Nyquist-rate, which represents an up to 87.5% savings in the bandwidth and the storage memory.
Short communication: Development of a rapid laboratory method to polymerize lactose to nondigestible carbohydrates (2018)

Nondigestible carbohydrates with a degree of polymerization between 3 and 10 (oligosaccharides) are commonly used as dietary fiber ingredients in the food industry, once they have been confirmed to have positive effects on human health by regulatory authorities. These carbohydrates are produced through chemical or enzymatic synthesis. Polylactose, a polymerization product of lactose and glucose, has been produced by reactive extrusion using a twin-screw extruder, with citric acid as the catalyst. Trials using powdered cheese whey permeate as the lactose source for this reaction were unsuccessful. The development of a laboratory method was necessary to investigate the effect of ingredients present in permeate powder that could be inhibiting polymerization. A Mars 6 Microwave Digestion System (CEM Corp., Matthews, NC) was used to heat and polymerize the sugars. The temperatures had to be lowered from extrusion conditions to produce a caramel-like product and not decompose the sugars. Small amounts of water had to be added to the reaction vessels to allow consistent heating of sugars between vessels. Elevated levels of water (22.86 and 28.57%, vol/wt) and calcium phosphate (0.928 and 1.856%, wt/wt) reduced the oligosaccharide yield in the laboratory method. Increasing the citric acid (catalyst) concentration increased the oligosaccharide yield for the pure sugar blend and when permeate powder was used. The utility of the laboratory method to predict oligosaccharide yields was confirmed during extrusion trials of permeate when this increased acid catalyst concentration resulted in similar oligosaccharide concentrations.
Mammalian electrophysiology on a microfluidic platform (2005)

The recent development of automated patch clamp technology has increased the throughput of electrophysiology but at the expense of visual access to the cells being studied. To improve visualization and the control of cell position, we have developed a simple alternative patch clamp technique based on microfluidic junctions between a main chamber and lateral recording capillaries, all fabricated by micromolding of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PDMS substrates eliminate the need for vibration isolation and allow direct cell visualization and manipulation using standard microscopy. Microfluidic integration allows recording capillaries to be arrayed 20 microm apart, for a total chamber volume of <0.5 nl. The geometry of the recording capillaries permits high-quality, stable, whole-cell seals despite the hydrophobicity of the PDMS surface. Using this device, we are able to demonstrate reliable whole-cell recording of mammalian cells on an inexpensive microfluidic platform. Recordings of activation of the voltage-sensitive potassium channel Kv2.1 in mammalian cells compare well with traditional pipette recordings. The results make possible the integration of whole-cell electrophysiology with easily manufactured microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices.
Molecular Recognition Inside of Multifunctionalized Mesoporous Silicas:  Toward Selective Fluorescence Detection of Dopamine and Glucosamine (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMolecular Recognition Inside of Multifunctionalized Mesoporous Silicas: Toward Selective Fluorescence Detection of Dopamine and GlucosamineVictor S.-Y. Lin, Cheng-Yu Lai, Jianguo Huang, Se-Ahn Song, and Shu XuView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 46, 11510–11511Publication Date (Web):October 27, 2001Publication History Received18 May 2001Published online27 October 2001Published inissue 1 November 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja016223mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja016223mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3694Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Fluorescence,Materials,Porous materials,Silica Get e-Alerts
Folding of the Four-Way RNA Junction of the Hairpin Ribozyme (1998)

The hairpin ribozyme consists of two loop-carrying duplexes (called A and B) that are adjacent arms of a four-way junction in its natural context in the viral RNA. We have shown previously that the activity of the ribozyme is strongly influenced by the structure adopted by the junction. In this study, we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to analyze the conformation and folding of the isolated four-way junction. Like other four-way RNA junctions, in the absence of added metal ions this junction adopts a square configuration of coaxially stacked arms, based on A on D and B on C stacking. Upon addition of magnesium ions, the junction undergoes an ion-induced transition to an antiparallel conformation. The data are consistent with folding induced by the binding of a single ion, with an apparent association constant in the range of 2000 M-1. Other divalent metal ions (calcium or manganese) can also induce this change in structure; however, sodium ions are unable to substitute for these ions, and are slightly inhibitory with respect to the transition. The loop-free hairpin junction adopts the same stacking conformer as the full ribozyme, but forms a more symmetrical X-shaped structure. In addition, the apparent stoichiometry of structural ion binding is lower for the isolated junction, and the affinity is considerably lower.
High-Resolution Topographic Imaging of Environmentally Responsive, Elastin-Mimetic Hydrogels (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTHigh-Resolution Topographic Imaging of Environmentally Responsive, Elastin-Mimetic HydrogelsR. Andrew McMillan, Kevin L. Caran, Robert P. Apkarian, and Vincent P. ConticelloView Author Information Integrated Microscopy & Microanalytical Facility and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Cite this: Macromolecules 1999, 32, 26, 9067–9070Publication Date (Web):December 3, 1999Publication History Received13 July 1999Revised2 November 1999Published online3 December 1999Published inissue 1 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma991119zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma991119zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views372Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Filaments,Hydrogels,Peptides and proteins,Phase transitions,Polymers Get e-Alerts
A New Encoding Scheme for HDR Images (2007)

Human eye can perceive a much higher dynamic range compared to what can be displayed on paper or a computer screen. Recently, advanced techniques have been available to capture much larger amount of details of natural scenes. These images are then tone-mapped to lower dynamic range versions for displaying on paper or a screen. For certain applications, available now or expected in near future, the additional information contained in the higher dynamic range images is also important, and needs to be preserved. However, the size of these images is very large and that gives rise to need of special encoding techniques for these images. In this paper, we present such a technique, which significantly reduces the size of the high dynamic range images, with a negligible loss of information. Comparison with the existing state of the art technique is given to show the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.
Plasma Protein Pentosidine and Carboxymethyllysine, Biomarkers for Age-related Macular Degeneration (2009)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes severe vision loss in the elderly; early identification of AMD risk could help slow or prevent disease progression. Toward the discovery of AMD biomarkers, we quantified plasma protein N(epsilon)-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pentosidine from 58 AMD and 32 control donors. CML and pentosidine are advanced glycation end products that are abundant in Bruch membrane, the extracellular matrix separating the retinal pigment epithelium from the blood-bearing choriocapillaris. We measured CML and pentosidine by LC-MS/MS and LC-fluorometry, respectively, and found higher mean levels of CML (approximately 54%) and pentosidine (approximately 64%) in AMD (p < 0.0001) relative to normal controls. Plasma protein fructosyl-lysine, a marker of early glycation, was found by amino acid analysis to be in equal amounts in control and non-diabetic AMD donors, supporting an association between AMD and increased levels of CML and pentosidine independent of other diseases like diabetes. Carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP), an oxidative modification from docosahexaenoate-containing lipids and also abundant in AMD Bruch membrane, was elevated approximately 86% in the AMD cohort, but autoantibody titers to CEP, CML, and pentosidine were not significantly increased. Compellingly higher mean levels of CML and pentosidine were present in AMD plasma protein over a broad age range. Receiver operating curves indicate that CML, CEP adducts, and pentosidine alone discriminated between AMD and control subjects with 78, 79, and 88% accuracy, respectively, whereas CML in combination with pentosidine provided approximately 89% accuracy, and CEP plus pentosidine provided approximately 92% accuracy. Pentosidine levels appeared slightly altered in AMD patients with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, indicating further studies are warranted. Overall this study supports the potential utility of plasma protein CML and pentosidine as biomarkers for assessing AMD risk and susceptibility, particularly in combination with CEP adducts and with concurrent analyses of fructosyl-lysine to detect confounding factors.
Expression of a Human Monoclonal Anti‐HIV‐1 Antibody in CHO Cellsa (1991)

The cDNA coding for the light and heavy chains, respectively, of the human monoclonal antibody 3D6 (IgG1, kappa), which binds specifically to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gp41, was inserted into three different mammalian expression vectors and transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Transcription was under the control of Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat (RSV LTR), human cytomegalovirus major immediate early (CMV IE) promoter, and mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (MMTV LTR), respectively. Antibody productivity was monitored in the supernatants of selected clones. The binding characteristics of the CHO-derived antibody to HIV-1 gp41 were found to be identical to that of the original antibody produced by hybridoma cells.
Functionalized Polysulfones as an Alternative Material to Improve Proton Conductivity at Low Relative Humidity Fuel Cell Applications (2014)

Polysulfones (udel) was chemically functionalized by bonded functional groups to the main chain through chemical reaction and investigated for use as proton-conducting fuel-cell membranes. The resulting ionomers were cast into membranes and properties such as thermal stability, ion-exchange capacity, proton conductivity and water sorption were evaluated. The modified polymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) show that these membranes are thermally stable up to 480°C in dry air, which implying that they have a good potential to be used as the membranes for high-temperature PEM fuel cells. Under anhydrous circumstances, ionic conductivity of the membrane hit the highest point value of 7.94 10-5 at 160 °C related with the activation energy of 11.6 kJ mol-1 for proton transport. The surface morphology of the formed membrane was examined using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Keywords : Proton conducting materials, relative humidity, Polysulfone, Chloromethyl benzoic acid, imidazol-1-yl 4-methylbenzoate,
Televisions, video privacy, and powerline electromagnetic interference (2011)

We conduct an extensive study of information leakage over the powerline infrastructure from eight televisions (TVs) spanning multiple makes, models, and underlying technologies. In addition to being of scientific interest, our findings contribute to the overall debate of whether or not measurements of residential powerlines reveal significant information about the activities within a home. We find that the power supplies of modern TVs produce discernible electromagnetic interference (EMI) signatures that are indicative of the video content being displayed. We measure the stability of these signatures over time and across multiple instances of the same TV model, as well as the robustness of these signatures in the presence of other noisy electronic devices connected to the same powerline.
Sequence Determination and cDNA Cloning of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4D, the Hypusine-containing Protein (1989)

Protein synthesis initiation factor 4D (eIF-4D) from mammalian cells contains the post-translationally modified lysine derivative hypusine. A highly purified preparation of the protein from rabbit reticulocytes was subjected to chemical and enzymatic cleavage, and a large number of overlapping peptides were resolved by high performance liquid chromatography and sequenced. Two mixed 14-base DNA probes were synthesized based on suitable amino acid sequences and were used to screen a human cDNA library in lambda gt11. A cDNA insert containing eIF-4D encoding sequences was identified and a 558-base pair EcoRI-PstI fragment was sequenced. Northern blot hybridization of HeLa cell RNA shows a single size class (1.2 kilobase) of mRNA. The DNA encodes a protein comprising 154 residues with a mass of 16,703 daltons. Human eIF-4D matches all of the rabbit peptides sequenced, extending from residue 9 to 154 except for Cys-129 which is Ser in the rabbit protein. The residue modified to hypusine is identified as Lys-50 and the amino terminus is blocked. eIF-4D possesses rather little secondary structure in the amino-terminal two-thirds of the protein, but the carboxyl-terminal third is rich in alpha helices.
γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid (2005)

The short-chain fatty acid γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), which is synthesized as an analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that would cross the blood–brain barrier, has found limited clinical use as an anesthetic agent and as treatment for narcolepsy and alcoholism. However, during the past decade, GHB has emerged as a major recreational drug in the United States. This review article discusses the mechanisms of action and presents an approach to the treatment of overdose, abuse, and addiction.
Porin activity of the native and recombinant outer membrane protein Oms28 of Borrelia burgdorferi (1996)

The outer membrane-spanning (Oms) proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi have been visualized by freeze-fracture analysis but, until recently, not further characterized. We developed a method for the isolation of B. burgdorferi outer membrane vesicles and described porin activities with single-channel conductances of 0.6 and 12.6 nS in 1 M KCI. By using both nondenaturing isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis and fast-performance liquid chromatography separation after detergent solubilization, we found that the 0.6-nS porin activity resided in a 28-kDa protein, designated Oms28. The oms28 gene was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of Oms28 predicted a 257-amino-acid precursor protein with a putative 24-amino-acid leader peptidase I signal sequence. Processed Oms28 yielded a mature protein with a predicted molecular mass of 25,363 Da. When overproduced in Escherichia coli, the Oms28 porin fractionated in part to the outer membrane. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel-purified recombinant Oms28 from E. coli retained functional activity as demonstrated by an average single-channel conductance of 1.1 nS in the planar lipid bilayer assay. These findings confirmed that Oms28 is a B. burgdorferi porin, the first to be described. As such, it is potential relevance to the pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis and to the physiology of the spirochete.
Serum Albumin Beads: An Injectable, Biodegradable System for the Sustained Release of Drugs (1981)

Biologically active compounds were entrapped in cross-linked serum albumin microbeads. Injection of these drug-impregnated beads into rabbits produced no adverse immunological reactions. Sustained release (20 days) of progesterone was demonstrated in vivo.
Advantages of inflatable multichannel endorectal applicator in the neo‐adjuvant treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with HDR brachytherapy (2005)

High-dose rate endorectal brachytherapy (HDR-EBT) is mainly used as a palliative treatment modality. In this paper, we compare dosimetry distributions for a single-channel catheter (Miami) applicator with distributions of the inflatable multichannel (Novi Sad) endorectal applicator. The comparisons were made with respect to dose coverage to the clinical tumor volume as well as to the bladder, rectal wall, prostate, and bone marrow. Our results suggest that a multichannel applicator provides better sparing of the bone marrow by 50%, clinically uninvolved parts of the rectal wall by 70%, and bladder and prostate (in the case of male patients) by 100% in terms of ratio of median doses to critical organ volume for single- and multichannel endorectal applicators. Our results justify the advantage of using a multichannel endorectal brachytherapy applicator as a neo-adjuvant treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.