gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wearable multifunctional sensors using printed stretchable conductors made of silver nanowires (2013)

Considerable efforts have been made to achieve highly sensitive and wearable sensors that can simultaneously detect multiple stimuli such as stretch, pressure, temperature or touch. Here we develop highly stretchable multifunctional sensors that can detect strain (up to 50%), pressure (up to ∼1.2 MPa) and finger touch with high sensitivity, fast response time (∼40 ms) and good pressure mapping function. The reported sensors utilize the capacitive sensing mechanism, where silver nanowires are used as electrodes (conductors) and Ecoflex is used as a dielectric. The silver nanowire electrodes are screen printed. Our sensors have been demonstrated for several wearable applications including monitoring thumb movement, sensing the strain of the knee joint in patellar reflex (knee-jerk) and other human motions such as walking, running and jumping from squatting, illustrating the potential utilities of such sensors in robotic systems, prosthetics, healthcare and flexible touch panels.
Microbial Oxidation of Aromatics in Enantiocontrolled Synthesis. 2. Rational Design of Aza Sugars (endo-Nitrogenous). Total Synthesis of (+)-Kifunensine, Mannojirimycin, and Other Glycosidase Inhibitors (1994)

A general method of synthesis for lactones and lactams related to carbohydrates has been developed that relies on the biocatalyticgeneration of 1-chloro-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexa-4,6-diene (l), obtained in excellent yield by fermentation of chlorobenzene with Pseudomonasputida 39D, followed by further functionalization to nitrogen-substituted cyclitols. These amino or azido cyclitols of type 15 are then subjected to controlled ozonolysis, which yields either lactones such as 27 or lactams containing five-membered (28) or six-membered (20 and 23) rings. Such compounds are useful intermediates for the preparation of aza sugars. Mannojirimycin (84 has been synthesized in seven steps from chlorobenzene. Kifunensine (7) has been prepared in 11 steps from chlorobenzene following an intersection with Hashimoto's procedure. Full experimental and spectral details are provided for all compounds. The potential of this general method and implications of the disclosed design features in the field of amino sugar and aza sugar synthesis are indicated.
Calcium phosphate cements as binders for hydroxylapatite particles for bone repair (1987)

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are under study for dental applications such as root canal filling or sealing and pulp capping. Upon setting they are converted principally to hydroxyapatite, the mineral constituent of bone. The presence of a small amount of fluoride or hydroxyapatite in the cement mixture hastens the setting time. Nevertheless, the CPCs set much more slowly than plaster of Paris (calcium sulfate hemihydrate) when moistened with water or dilute phosphoric acid. Hydroxylapatite (HA) is hydroxyapatite which has been processed either by sintering or firing into a dense ceramic or made into porous particles. Plaster has been found very useful as a binder to prevent the scatter of HA particles implanted for jawbone reconstruction. The composite HA/plaster implants can be tailored to fit the site during surgery or preformed and sterilized prior to surgery.
Complete sequence of the bovine β-lactoglobulin cDNA (1989)

Journal Article Complete sequence of the bovine β-lactoglobulin cDNA Get access L.J. Alexander, L.J. Alexander School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Hayes, G. Hayes School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.J. Pearse, M.J. Pearse School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A.F. Stewart, A.F. Stewart School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I.M. Willis, I.M. Willis School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A.G. Mackinlay A.G. Mackinlay * School of Biochemistry, University of New South WalesP0 Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 16, 25 August 1989, Page 6739, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.16.6739 Published: 25 August 1989 Article history Received: 11 July 1989 Published: 25 August 1989
Internet, education, and the Web (2002)

With the evolving Global Information Infrastructure (GII), we are witnessing the start of a revolution in information technology that has the potential to impact the form and structure of the university beyond anything we can currently imagine. The way we search for knowledge and information is undergoing a profound change. This technology and its future evolution has the potential of making Internet-based telelearning the new educational paradigm at local and global levels. In this paper, we expound on characteristics of this educational paradigm that make it different from traditional video-based distance learning. These include interactivity, multimedia, self-paced speed, exam-on-demand, programmed educational modules covering different aspects of the same topic at varying levels of difficulty, adaptivity, and usefulness for learning-disabled students. We present software tools based on the World Wide Web that can be used as teaching aids. They provide an integrated "notebook" interface for information access as well as computation. Some of the authors are involved in offering a "virtual" section of an introductory programming course, which is briefly described.
Proteolytic Activation of Protein Kinase C δ by an ICE/CED 3-like Protease Induces Characteristics of Apoptosis (1996)

Recent studies have shown that protein kinase C (PKC) delta is proteolytically activated at the onset of apoptosis induced by DNA-damaging agents, tumor necrosis factor, and anti-Fas antibody. However, the relationship of PKC delta cleavage to induction of apoptosis is unknown. The present studies demonstrate that full-length PKC delta is cleaved at DMQD330N to a catalytically active fragment by the cysteine protease CPP32. The results also demonstrate that overexpression of the catalytic kinase fragment in cells is associated with chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, induction of sub-G1 phase DNA and lethality. By contrast, overexpression of full-length PKC delta or a kinase inactive PKC delta fragment had no detectable effect. The findings suggest that proteolytic activation of PKC delta by a CPP32-like protease contributes to phenotypic changes associated with apoptosis.
Polymer support oligonucleotide synthesis XVIII1.2): use ofβ-cyanoethyi-N,N-dialkylamino-/N-morpholino phosphoramidite of deoxynucleosides for the synthesis of DNA fragments simplifying deprotection and isolation of the final product (1984)

Various 5'O-N-protected deoxynucleoside-3'-O-beta-cyanoethyl-N,N-dialkylamino-/N- morpholinophosphoramidites were prepared from beta-cyanoethyl monochlorophosphoramidites of N,N-dimethylamine, N,N-diisopropylamine and N-morpholine. These active deoxynucleoside phosphates have successfully been used for oligodeoxynucleotide synthesis on controlled pore glass as polymer support and are very suitable for automated DNA-synthesis due to their stability in solution. The intermediate dichloro-beta- cyanoethoxyphosphine can easily be prepared free from any PC1(3) contamination. The active monomers obtained from beta-cyanoethyl monochloro N,N- diisopropylaminophosphoramidites are favoured. Cleavage of the oligonucleotide chain from the polymer support, N-deacylation and deprotection of beta-cyanoethyl group from the phosphate triester moiety can be performed in one step with concentrated aqueous ammonia. Mixed oligodeoxynucleotides are characterized by the sequencing method of Maxam and Gilbert.
Significant Reductions in Mortality for Children With Burn Injuries Through the Use of Prompt Eschar Excision (1988)

During the past 19 years, mortality due to burn injuries has markedly declined for children at the Boston Unit of the Shriners Burns Institute (SBI), dropping from an average of 9% of SBI admissions during 1968-1970 to an average of 1% during 1981-1986. Detailed statistical analysis using logistic regression was necessary for determining whether this decline in mortality was explained by changes in patient characteristics, such as age or burn size, which are known to strongly influence the outcome of burn injuries. This dramatic decline in mortality during the past 19 years was not the result of change in the age of the patients or their burn sizes; rather, it may be attributed to improvements in burn care. Results of this statistical analysis indicated that, for burn injury patients whose ages ranged from 11 days to 19 years, age had no demonstrable effect on survival from a burn injury. Children survived burn injuries at least as well if not better than the young adult (20-29 years of age). Also, infants (less than 1 year old) survived as well as other children (2-19 years old). Dramatic improvement in survival occurred in patients with burns covering more than 50% of the body surface area. Since 1979, mortality has been essentially eliminated for patients with burn sizes less than 70% of the total body surface area (of 296 patients with burns covering 15-69% of the total body surface area, only two patients died). During the period 1979-1986, 29 of 37 patients (78%) survived an 80% or greater total body surface area thermal injury.
Mitomycin C, vinblastine, and carboplatin regimen in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer: A phase II trial (1996)

Chemotherapy for advanced NSCLS is still controversial, because effectiveness in terms of RR and symptom control must be weighed against treatment toxicity and costs. From our study it appears that MVC is easy to deliver in an outpatient setting, and has good patient compliance, low toxicity profile, and promising RR and response duration. The substitution of carboplatin for cisplatin in regimens for advanced NSCLC should be considered.
Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure and heal anal fissures without side effects (2000)

Both topical diltiazem and bethanechol substantially reduce anal sphincter pressure and achieve fissure healing to a similar degree reported with topical nitrates, but without side effects.
Phosphatidylethanolamine incorporation into vesicles selectively enhances factor Va inactivation by activated protein C. (1994)

Membrane surfaces accelerate the proteolytic inactivation of factor Va by activated protein C. In most coagulation complexes, the most active membrane phospholipid is believed to be phosphatidylserine. In this study, we demonstrate that with phosphatidylserine-containing vesicles, incorporation of phosphatidylethanolamine increased the rate of factor Va inactivation approximately 10-fold at all concentrations of factor Va studied and at all vesicle concentrations at or below the optimum for prothrombin activation. In contrast, phosphatidylethanolamine had very little influence on prothrombin activation. Phosphatidylethanolamine was a critical component of vesicles for the vesicles to support activated protein C anticoagulant activity optimally in plasma. These results demonstrate that the membrane requirements for the different coagulation/anticoagulation complexes differ much more than previously appreciated.
Influence of intestinal bacteria on induction of regulatory T cells: lessons from a transfer model of colitis (2005)

Background: The resident flora plays a critical role in initiation and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation, as demonstrated in experimental models of colitis where animals fail to develop disease under germ free conditions. However, the importance of exposure to commensal bacteria before the onset of colitis is unclear. Our aim was to investigate the influence of previous exposure of donor animals to bacterial antigens on colitis development using a transfer model. Methods: Clinical course and histology were evaluated after transfer of CD4 + CD62L + lymphocytes from germ free and conventionally housed donor mice into SCID recipients. Cotransfer of CD4 + CD62L + cells with CD4 + CD62L − lymphocytes from both groups of mice was initiated. Lymphocytes were analysed by FACS, polarisation potential of cells determined, and cytokines measured within the supernatant by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Animals that received cells from germ free donors developed an earlier onset of colitis compared with mice reconstituted with lymphocytes from conventionally housed animals. Additionally, CD4 + CD62L − cells from germ free mice were not able to abrogate colitis induced by cotransfer with CD4 + CD62L + lymphocytes whereas CD4 + CD62L − T cells from normal mice ameliorated disease. The higher percentage of CD4 + GITR + expressing lymphocytes and the production of interleukin 10 after priming by dendritic cells suggests the presence of T reg cells within the CD4 + CD62L + lymphocyte subset derived from conventional housed mice and assumes a lack of T reg cells within germ free mice. Conclusion: The results indicate that bacterial antigens are crucial for the generation and/or expansion of T reg cells in a healthy individual. Therefore, bacterial colonisation is of great importance in maintaining the immunological balance.
Corneal Crosslinking With Rose Bengal and Green Light (2016)

The substantial corneal stiffening produced by RGX together with the lack of significant effects on keratocytes and no evidence for retina or iris damage suggest that RGX-initiated corneal crosslinking may be a safe, rapid, and effective treatment.
Inhibition of early murine hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation after in vivo locoregional administration of transforming growth factor-beta 1. (1989)

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1) has been shown in vitro to be a potent negative regulator of growth and differentiation of early hemopoietic progenitor cells, but not of more mature progenitors. However, little information is yet available regarding similar effects in vivo. We have developed an approach whereby TGF beta 1 can be administered locoregionally to the bone marrow via direct injection into the femoral artery. Our studies show that intrafemoral administration of a single bolus dose of TGF beta 1 potently inhibits the baseline and IL-3-driven proliferation of bone marrow cells. This inhibition is relatively selective for the earlier multipotential granulocyte, erythroid, megakaryocyte, and macrophage CFU progenitor cells since these are completely inhibited while the more differentiated CFU assayed in culture colonies are inhibited by about 50%. The inhibition of hemopoietic progenitor growth and differentiation is both time and dose dependent with the maximal effect on the marrow observed at 24 h with doses greater than or equal to 5 micrograms/mouse, and the effect is reversed at later times. A possible practical implication of these in vivo results could be the use of TGF beta 1 to protect stem cells in the bone marrow from the myelotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Fast flexible electronics with strained silicon nanomembranes (2013)

Fast flexible electronics operating at radio frequencies (>1 GHz) are more attractive than traditional flexible electronics because of their versatile capabilities, dramatic power savings when operating at reduced speed and broader spectrum of applications. Transferrable single-crystalline Si nanomembranes (SiNMs) are preferred to other materials for flexible electronics owing to their unique advantages. Further improvement of Si-based device speed implies significant technical and economic advantages. While the mobility of bulk Si can be enhanced using strain techniques, implementing these techniques into transferrable single-crystalline SiNMs has been challenging and not demonstrated. The past approach presents severe challenges to achieve effective doping and desired material topology. Here we demonstrate the combination of strained- NM-compatible doping techniques with self-sustained-strain sharing by applying a strain-sharing scheme between Si and SiGe multiple epitaxial layers, to create strained print-transferrable SiNMs. We demonstrate a new speed record of Si-based flexible electronics without using aggressively scaled critical device dimensions.
Japanese Manufacturing Management Practices in the UK (1984)

Japan is perceived in most advanced countries as the world leader in the introduction and exploitation of new management practices, particularly in the area of manufacturing. In an attempt to match Japan's economic progress other countries are seeking to introduce many of the systems which are believed to be the basis of Japanese success. In this article, certain aspects of a UK manufacturing company, which had adopted a number of practices following studies undertaken in Japan, is compared with a Japanese owned company located in the UK.
The Differential Diagnosis of Hearing Loss (2011)

The available epidemiological data on hearing loss in Germany are inadequate. It is roughly estimated that 13 to 14 million people in Germany are in need of treatment for hearing loss. The most common types of permanent hearing loss are those associated with old age, chronic otitis media, and acoustic trauma. Transient hearing loss is particularly common in childhood as a result of inadequate ventilation of the middle ear. The further technical development of cochlear implants has now widened their indications to include severe congenital deafness and presbycusis.
α-1-Antitrypsin (AAT)–modified donor cells suppress GVHD but enhance the GVL effect: a role for mitochondrial bioenergetics (2014)

Hematopoietic cell transplantation is curative in many patients. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), triggered by alloreactive donor cells, has remained a major complication. Here, we show an inverse correlation between plasma α-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels in human donors and the development of acute GVHD in the recipients (n = 111; P = .0006). In murine models, treatment of transplant donors with human AAT resulted in an increase in interleukin-10 messenger RNA and CD8(+)CD11c(+)CD205(+) major histocompatibility complex class II(+) dendritic cells (DCs), and the prevention or attenuation of acute GVHD in the recipients. Ablation of DCs (in AAT-treated CD11c-DTR donors) decreased CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells to one-third and abrogated the anti-GVHD effect. The graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect of donor cells (against A20 tumor cells) was maintained or even enhanced with AAT treatment of the donor, mediated by an expanded population of NK1.1(+), CD49B(+), CD122(+), CD335(+) NKG2D-expressing natural killer (NK) cells. Blockade of NKG2D significantly suppressed the GVL effect. Metabolic analysis showed a high glycolysis-high oxidative phosphorylation profile for NK1.1(+) cells, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells, and CD11c(+) DCs but not for effector T cells, suggesting a cell type-specific effect of AAT. Thus, via altered metabolism, AAT exerts effective GVHD protection while enhancing GVL effects.
Reduced Immunogenicity of β-Lactoglobulin by Conjugation with Carboxymethyl Dextran Differing in Molecular Weight (2001)

To reduce the immunogenicity of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG), two beta-LG-carboxymethyl dextran (CMD) conjugates (Conj. 40 and Conj. 162) were prepared by using water-soluble carbodiimide (EDC). The molar ratios of beta-LG to CMD in Conj. 40 and Conj. 162 were 8:1 and 7:1, respectively. Each conjugate maintained approximately 50% of the retinol binding activity of beta-LG. Structural analyses by intrinsic fluorescence, CD spectra, and ELISA with monoclonal antibodies indicated that the surface of beta-LG in each conjugate was covered by CMD without great disruption of native conformation. By conjugation with CMD, the antibody response to beta-LG was reduced in BALB/c, C3H/He, and C57BL/6 mice, which was eminent in Conj. 162. The results of B cell epitope scanning using overlapping synthesized peptides showed that the linear epitope profiles of the conjugates were similar to those of beta-LG, whereas the antibody response to each epitope was reduced, which was eminent in Conj. 162. It was concluded that conjugation with CMD of higher molecular weight is effective in reducing the immunogenicity of beta-LG and that masking of epitopes by CMD is responsible for the reduced immunogenicity.
Comment gérer la pénurie (2003)

Les exigences économiques ne sont pas incompatibles avec les préoccupations scientifiques. En dépit d'une conjoncture plutôt ingrate, les travaux des chercheurs restent plus que jamais nécessaires. Ainsi, bien qu'il soit principalement axé sur les sciences naturelles, l'Institut fédéral de recherches sur la forêt, la neige et le paysage (WSL) compte depuis avril 2000 déjà, une section &lt;em&gt;Economie&lt;/em&gt;. Quelles sont ses attributions et à quoi sert-elle exactement? &lt;em&gt;Priska Baur, Anna Roschewitz&lt;/em&gt; et &lt;em&gt;lrmi Seidl&lt;/em&gt;, animatrices de cette unité de recherche, répondent ici aux questions que peuvent se poser nos lecteurs. &lt;em&gt;(réd.)&lt;/em&gt;
Trafficking, Assembly, and Function of a Connexin43-Green Fluorescent Protein Chimera in Live Mammalian Cells (1999)

To examine the trafficking, assembly, and turnover of connexin43 (Cx43) in living cells, we used an enhanced red-shifted mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFP) to construct a Cx43-GFP chimera. When cDNA encoding Cx43-GFP was transfected into communication-competent normal rat kidney cells, Cx43-negative Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, or communication-deficient Neuro2A or HeLa cells, the fusion protein of predicted length was expressed, transported, and assembled into gap junctions that exhibited the classical pentalaminar profile. Dye transfer studies showed that Cx43-GFP formed functional gap junction channels when transfected into otherwise communication-deficient HeLa or Neuro2A cells. Live imaging of Cx43-GFP in MDCK cells revealed that many gap junction plaques remained relatively immobile, whereas others coalesced laterally within the plasma membrane. Time-lapse imaging of live MDCK cells also revealed that Cx43-GFP was transported via highly mobile transport intermediates that could be divided into two size classes of <0.5 microm and 0.5-1.5 microm. In some cases, the larger intracellular Cx43-GFP transport intermediates were observed to form from the internalization of gap junctions, whereas the smaller transport intermediates may represent other routes of trafficking to or from the plasma membrane. The localization of Cx43-GFP in two transport compartments suggests that the dynamic formation and turnover of connexins may involve at least two distinct pathways.