gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitrodrug–drug interaction studies with febuxostat, a novel non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase: plasma protein binding, identification of metabolic enzymes and cytochrome P450 inhibition (2008)

1. The potential for drug-drug interactions with febuxostat was examined in the following three in vitro systems: the characteristics of the binding of febuxostat to human plasma proteins; identification of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes participating in the metabolism of febuxostat; and the potential inhibitory effects of febuxostat on typical CYP reactions. 2. The results have shown that the presence of ibuprofen or warfarin did not change the plasma protein binding of febuxostat, and that febuxostat did not influence the plasma protein binding of ibuprofen or warfarin. These results indicate that there is little possibility that febuxostat causes a drug-drug interaction by binding to albumin. 3. The UGT 1 and 2 families were involved in the glucuronidation, and several CYPs participated in the metabolism of febuxostat, suggesting that there is little possibility that the blood concentration of febuxostat varies widely even if febuxostat is concomitantly administered with drugs that inhibit CYP or UGT enzyme. Examination of the inhibitory effect of febuxostat on CYP enzymes suggests that febuxostat minimally inhibits the activities of any CYP. 4. The results demonstrate that febuxostat is a novel anti-hyperuricaemia drug with low drug-drug interaction potential in clinical use.
A Role for a RhoA/ROCK/LIM-Kinase Pathway in the Regulation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes (2001)

Polarization of lipid rafts and granules to the site of target contact is required for the development of cell-mediated killing by cytotoxic lymphocytes. We have previously shown that these events require the activation of proximal protein tyrosine kinases. However, the downstream intracellular signaling molecules involved in the development of cell-mediated cytotoxicity remain poorly defined. We report here that a RhoA/ROCK/LIM-kinase axis couples the receptor-initiated protein tyrosine kinase activation to the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton required for the polarization of lipid rafts and the subsequent generation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Pharmacologic and genetic interruption of any element of this RhoA/ROCK/LIM-kinase pathway inhibits both the accumulation of F-actin and lipid raft polarization to the site of target contact and the subsequent delivery of the lethal hit. These data define a specialized role for a RhoA-->ROCK-->LIM-kinase pathway in cytotoxic lymphocyte activation.
A biochemical and kinetic analysis of the interleukin-1 receptor. Evidence for differences in molecular properties of IL-1 receptors. (1987)

This study describes the biochemical characterization and kinetic analysis of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor in Raji human B-lymphoma and EL4 murine T-lymphoma cells. The internalization of 125I-IL-1 was studied in both cell types by an acid extraction technique which removes surface bound ligand. At 37 degrees C, binding to Raji IL-1 receptors was almost entirely cell surface (91%). EL4 cells, in contrast, internalized 59% of ligand at this temperature and this was almost totally inhibited by sodium azide. Receptor binding studies showed that the B-cells had a lower binding affinity but much higher receptor density per cell (KD = 2.1 nM, Ro = 7709) than the T-cells (KD = 0.4 nM, Ro = 241). The receptor binding affinity of two IL-1 analogs, Glu-4 and clone 18, was determined in competitive binding studies. In the B-cells the analogs had binding affinities of 25 and 90%, respectively, whereas in the T-cells the affinities were 0.2 and 200%, respectively. Chemical cross-linking studies showed that the IL-1 receptor in B-cells had a lower molecular weight than that in T-cells (68 kDa compared to 80 kDa). In summary these studies demonstrate that structural differences exist between IL-1 receptors in Raji and EL4 cells.
The T-box transcription factor Brachyury promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human tumor cells (2010)

Metastatic disease is responsible for the majority of human cancer deaths. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of metastasis is a major step in designing effective cancer therapeutics. Here we show that the T-box transcription factor Brachyury induces in tumor cells epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important step in the progression of primary tumors toward metastasis. Overexpression of Brachyury in human carcinoma cells induced changes characteristic of EMT, including upregulation of mesenchymal markers, downregulation of epithelial markers, and an increase in cell migration and invasion. Brachyury overexpression also repressed E-cadherin transcription, an effect partially mediated by Slug. Conversely, inhibition of Brachyury resulted in downregulation of mesenchymal markers and loss of cell migration and invasion and diminished the ability of human tumor cells to form lung metastases in a xenograft model. Furthermore, we found Brachyury to be overexpressed in various human tumor tissues and tumor cell lines compared with normal tissues. We also determined that the percentage of human lung tumor tissues positive for Brachyury expression increased with the stage of the tumor, indicating a potential association between Brachyury and tumor progression. The selective expression of Brachyury in tumor cells and its role in EMT and cancer progression suggest that Brachyury may be an attractive target for antitumor therapies.
Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment (2005)

Cancer death rates for all cancer sites combined and for many common cancers have declined at the same time as the dissemination of guideline-based treatment into the community has increased, although this progress is not shared equally across all racial and ethnic populations. Data from population-based cancer registries, supplemented by linkage with administrative databases, are an important resource for monitoring the quality of cancer treatment. Use of this cancer surveillance system, along with new developments in medical informatics and electronic medical records, may facilitate monitoring of the translation of basic science and clinical advances to cancer prevention, detection, and uniformly high quality of care in all areas and populations of the United States.
Measurement of the Time Dependence of Scintillation Intensity by a Delayed-Coincidence Method (1961)

A new method for the measurement of the time dependence of the light intensity from scintillators is described. An important aspect of the method is the ease with which it can be applied to all modes of excitation. The results of measurements on the time dependence of the scintillators for several modes of excitation are presented.
Ethylene Removal and Fresh Product Storage: A Challenge at the Frontiers of Chemistry. Toward an Approach by Photocatalytic Oxidation (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTEthylene Removal and Fresh Product Storage: A Challenge at the Frontiers of Chemistry. Toward an Approach by Photocatalytic OxidationNicolas Keller*†, Marie-Noëlle Ducamp‡, Didier Robert§, and Valérie Keller†View Author Information† Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), CNRS, Strasbourg University, 25 rue Becquerel 67087, Strasbourg, France‡ UMR 95 QUALISUD, CIRAD, TA B 95/16, 73 Bd Jean-François Breton, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France§ Saint-Avold Antenna, Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), CNRS, Strasbourg University, Université de Lorraine, rue Victor Demange 57500 Saint-Avold, France*Tel: + 33 (0) 368 852 811. Fax: +33 (0) 368 852 761. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 7, 5029–5070Publication Date (Web):April 16, 2013Publication History Received8 December 2009Published online16 April 2013Published inissue 10 July 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900398vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr900398vreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8059Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Atmospheric chemistry,Hydrocarbons,Oxides,Photocatalysis Get e-Alerts
Hypoxia of the Renal Medulla — Its Implications for Disease (1995)

In land mammals, a major task of the kidney is to reabsorb water to allow survival in a dry environment. Water conservation is enhanced by the renal medulla, which concentrates the urine to a level up to four times the osmolality of plasma. To produce this unique gradient of osmolality, the medulla has a countercurrent system of vessels and tubules that dictates active reabsorption of sodium in a milieu poor in oxygen (Figure 1).1 In this review, we describe how hypoxia of the medulla may relate to susceptibility to acute and chronic renal injury.The Renal Medullary Concentrating Mechanism as . . .
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Group Psychotherapy (2008)

(2008). Clinical Practice Guidelines for Group Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 58, No. 4, pp. 455-542.
CHFR silencing or microsatellite instability is associated with increased antitumor activity of docetaxel or gemcitabine in colorectal cancer (2013)

Phenotypic differences among cancers with the same origin may be associated with chemotherapy response. CHFR silencing associated with DNA methylation has been suggested to be predictive of taxane sensitivity in diverse tumor types. However, the use of microsatellite instability (MSI:unstable-MSS:stable) as a predictive marker for therapeutic effect has had conflicting results. We examined these molecular alterations as predictors of chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer (CRC). Differential sensitivity to docetaxel and gemcitabine was compared to potential predictive biomarkers CHFR methylation and MSI status. Cell lines that were MSI-H/CHFR-methylated, MSS/CHFR-methylated and MSS/CHFR-unmethylated were assessed for in vivo sensitivity of CRC cell line xenografts to docetaxel and/or gemcitabine. We observed increased sensitivity in vitro to gemcitabine in cell lines with MSI and docetaxel in cell lines with CHFR inactivation via DNA methylation. In vivo treatment of human xenografts confirmed differential sensitivity, with the MSI-H/CHFR-methylated line RKO having tumor growth inhibition to each agent, and at least additive tumor growth inhibition with combination therapy. The MSS-CHFR-unmethylated line, CACO2 , was resistant to single and combination therapy, while COLO205, the MSS/CHFR-methylated line, showed tumor growth inhibition with docetaxel, but not gemcitabine, therapy. CHFR methylation in CRC cell lines predicted for sensitivity in vitro and in vivo to docetaxel, while MSI-H cell lines were more sensitive to gemcitabine. These data suggest that a subset of CRC patients would be selectively sensitive to a novel combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel, and are the basis for an ongoing clinical trial of this combination in a biomarker-selected patient population.
The field of a focusing source (1982)

An analytical description for the field of a focusing source is derived. It is valid for spherically concave sources with small aperture angle and large ka (radius a, wavenumber k.) The solution furnishes easy access to the sound distribution along the axis and in the focal plane, as well as to parameters such as focusing gain, width of the focal spot, and phase shifting in the focal region. Experiments conducted with an f/2 lens coupled to a planar array are discussed. The results support the utility of the analytical model for describing the distribution of sound along the acoustic axis and across the focal plane.
Extending distortion viewing from 2D to 3D (1997)

Addresses the visual exploration of 3D information layouts. Several visual exploration techniques have been proposed for 2D information layouts. Many of these try to take advantage of humans' natural visual pattern-recognition abilities to understand global relationships while simultaneously integrating this knowledge with local details. This desire for detail-in-context views (also called fisheye, multiscale and distortion views) has fueled considerable research in the development of distortion viewing tools. Generally, these tools provide space for magnification of local detail by compressing the rest of the image. In considering a possible detail-in-context view for 3D layouts, we first examine 2D distortion techniques, bearing in mind the particular 3D problem of occlusion. Comparing 2D and 3D information layout adjustment tools leads directly to a 3D visual access tool that clears a line of sight to any region of interest. While our technique can extend to any type of 3D information display, we focus on graphs.
Transformation of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae) with a variety of selectable marker and reporter genes (2000)

A general purpose transformation vector, designated pPha‐T1, was constructed for use with the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin. This vector harbors the sh ble cassette for primary selection on medium containing the antibiotic zeocin, and a multiple cloning site flanked by the P. tricornutum fcp A promoter. pPha‐T1 was used to establish the utility of three selectable marker genes and two reporter genes for P. tricornutum transformation. The nat and sat‐1 genes confer resistance to the antibiotic nourseothricin, and npt II confers resistance to G418. Each of these genes was effective as a selectable marker for identifying primary transformants. These markers could also be used for dual selections in combination with the sh ble gene. The reporter genes uid A and gfp were also introduced into P. tricornutum using pPha‐T1. Gus expression in some transformants reached 15 μg·μg −1 of total soluble protein and permitted excellent cell staining, while GFP fluorescence was readily visible with standard fluorescence microscopy. The egfp gene, which has optimal codon usage for expression in human cells, was the only version of gfp that produced a strong fluorescent signal in P. tricornutum. The codon bias of the egfp gene is similar to that of P. tricornutum genes. This study suggests that codon usage has a significant effect on the efficient expression of reporter genes in P. tricornutum. The results presented here demonstrate that a variety of selectable markers and reporter genes can be expressed in P. tricornutum , enhancing the potential of this organism for exploring basic biological questions and industrial applications.
Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Regulates Hydrolysis of Vasoactive Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids (2000)

The cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have potent effects on renal vascular reactivity and tubular sodium and water transport; however, the role of these eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of hypertension is controversial. The current study examined the hydrolysis of the EETs to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) as a mechanism for regulation of EET activity and blood pressure. EET hydrolysis was increased 5- to 54-fold in renal cortical S9 fractions from the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) relative to the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat. This increase was most significant for the 14,15-EET regioisomer, and there was a clear preference for hydrolysis of 14, 15-EET over the 8,9- and 11,12-EETs. Increased EET hydrolysis was consistent with increased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in the SHR renal microsomes and cytosol relative to the WKY samples. The urinary excretion of 14,15-DHET was 2.6-fold higher in the SHR than in the WKY rat, confirming increased EET hydrolysis in the SHR in vivo. Blood pressure was decreased 22+/-4 mm Hg (P:<0.01) 6 hours after treatment of SHRs with the selective sEH inhibitor N:, N:'-dicyclohexylurea; this treatment had no effect on blood pressure in the WKY rat. These studies identify sEH as a novel therapeutic target for control of blood pressure. The identification of a potent and selective inhibitor of EET hydrolysis will be invaluable in separating the vascular effects of the EET and DHET eicosanoids.
Mechanism of electrohydrodynamic printing based on ac voltage without a nozzle electrode (2009)

The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) spraying technique has been applied to inkjet printing technology for fabrication of printed electronics. The conventional EHD inkjet device is based on dc voltage and requires two electrodes: a nozzle electrode and an extractor electrode. This study notes several drawbacks of the dc-based EHD printing device such as electrical breakdown and demonstrates stable jetting by using the extractor electrode alone without the nozzle electrode and ac voltage. The continuous ejection of droplets can be obtained only by ac voltage, showing consistent ejection at every peak of electrical signal. The suggested EHD inkjet device prevents electrical breakdown.
Genetic Loci Associated With Plasma Concentration of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Apolipoprotein A1, and Apolipoprotein B Among 6382 White Women in Genome-Wide Analysis With Replication (2008)

Genome-wide associations at the GCKR gene and near the SORT1 gene, as well as confirmatory associations at 5 additional novel loci, suggest emerging biological pathways for lipid metabolism among white women.
Enhanced Protection against Cytokine- and Fatty Acid-induced Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta Cells by Combined Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Insulin Analogues (2008)

We recently showed that insulin analogues exhibit a beta-cell protective function. The aim of this study was to test if the anti-apoptotic activity of GLP-1 agonists and insulin analogues is mediated by different pathways and if combined treatment may provide augmented protection against beta-cell death. Incubation of INS-1 cells with cytokines or fatty acids increased the number of apoptotic cells and caspase 3 activity, which was reduced by pretreatment with GLP-1 and its receptor agonists exendin-4 and AVE0010 by 50-60%. Similar effects (about 40% reduction) were observed after pretreatment with several insulin analogues. Combined treatment revealed additive activity and resulted in prevention of both cytokine- and fatty acid-induced apoptosis by up to 80%. No acute Akt-phosphorylation in response to GLP-1 receptor agonists could be observed, however, it became detectable after 24-hour stimulation. Gene silencing of Akt2 increased cytokine-induced apoptosis 2-fold. Under these conditions the beta-cell protective activity of AVE0010 remained completely unaltered. We show here that the anti-apoptotic activity of GLP-1 and its receptor agonists AVE0010 and exendin-4 is enhanced by addition of insulin analogues and that the anti-apoptotic action of GLP-1 mimetics is mostly unrelated to Akt2 signaling. It is suggested that combination of GLP-1 receptor agonists and insulin analogues, specifically insulin glargine, may represent a new therapeutic option for preservation of beta-cell mass in type 2 diabetic patients.
ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR PAIN SUPPRESSION: MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL MODELS (2007)

Master of Engineering thesis
A high level service creation environment for Parlay in a SIP environment (2003)

APIs, such as Parlay, open up networks to third party developers. They provide new opportunities for rapid and efficient service creation. However, they may be considered too low level by some developers. New service creation environments (SCE) with a higher level of abstraction lead to even faster and more efficient service creation. We report on our experiment in designing and implementing a SCE and a service logic execution environment (SLEE) for Parlay API in a session initiation protocol (SIP) environment. The approach is very promising although the scope of the services that can be created is still limited to services such as wake up call, call centres, where the calls are initiated by the applications.
Analysis of high density expression microarrayswith signed-rank call algorithms (2002)

We present rank-based algorithms for making detection and comparison calls on expression microarrays. The detection call algorithm utilizes the discrimination scores. The comparison call algorithm utilizes intensity differences. Both algorithms are based on Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. Several parameters in the algorithms can be adjusted by the user to alter levels of specificity and sensitivity. The algorithms were developed and analyzed using spiked-in genes arrayed in a Latin square format. In the call process, p-values are calculated to give a confidence level for the pertinent hypotheses. For comparison calls made between two arrays, two primary normalization factors are defined. To overcome the difficulty that constant normalization factors do not fit all probe sets, we perturb these primary normalization factors and make increasing or decreasing calls only if all resulting p-values fall within a defined critical region. Our algorithms also automatically handle scanner saturation.
Recognition of cursive Roman handwriting: past, present and future (2004)

This paper reviews the state of the art in off-line Roman cursive handwriting recognition. The input provided to an off-line handwriting recognition system is an image of a digit, a word, or - more generally -some text, and the system produces, as output, an ASCII transcription of the input. This task involves a number of processing steps, some of which are quite difficult. Typically, preprocessing, normalization, feature extraction, classification, and postprocessing operations are required. We'll survey the state of the art, analyze recent trends, and try to identify challenges for future research in this field.