gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
82: Parthenogenetically Derived Stem Cells for Urologic Reconstruction (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Saturday, May 8, 2004, 1:00 - 5:00 pm1 Apr 200482: Parthenogenetically Derived Stem Cells for Urologic Reconstruction Chester Koh, James J. Yoo, Shay Soker, Robert P. Lanza, and Anthony Atala Chester KohChester Koh More articles by this author , James J. YooJames J. Yoo More articles by this author , Shay SokerShay Soker More articles by this author , Robert P. LanzaRobert P. Lanza More articles by this author , and Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)37344-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "82: Parthenogenetically Derived Stem Cells for Urologic Reconstruction." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), pp. 21–22 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 21-22 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Chester Koh More articles by this author James J. Yoo More articles by this author Shay Soker More articles by this author Robert P. Lanza More articles by this author Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Antennas: From Theory to Practice (2008)

Practical, concise and complete reference for the basics of modern antenna design Antennas: from Theory to Practice discusses the basics of modern antenna design and theory. Developed specifically for engineers and designers who work with radio communications, radar and RF engineering, this book offers practical and hands-on treatment of antenna theory and techniques, and provides its readers the skills to analyse, design and measure various antennas. Key features: Provides thorough coverage on the basics of transmission lines, radio waves and propag
Therapeutic Vaccines Against Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer (2009)

Cervical cancer and its precursor intra-epithelial lesions are linked to infection by a subset of so-called "highrisk" human papillomavirus types, which are estimated to infect nearly four hundred million women worldwide. Two prophylactic vaccines have been commercialized recently targeting HPV16 and 18, the most prevalent viral types found in cervical cancer, which operate through induction of capsid-specific neutralizing antibodies. However, in patients with persistent infection these vaccines have not been found to protect against progression to neoplasia. Attempts are being made to develop therapeutic vaccines targeting nonstructural early viral proteins. Among these, E6 and E7 are the preferred targets, since they are essential for induction and maintenance of the malignant phenotype and are constitutively expressed by the transformed epithelial cells. Here are reviewed the most relevant potential vaccines based on HPV early antigens that have shown efficacy in preclinical models and that are being tested in clinical studies, which should determine their therapeutic capacity for eradicating HPV-induced premalignant and malignant lesions and cure cervical cancer.
Seletracetam (ucb 44212) inhibits high‐voltage–activated Ca2+ currents and intracellular Ca2+ increase in rat cortical neurons in vitro (2008)

These results demonstrate a powerful inhibitory effect of SEL on epileptiform events in vitro. SEL showed a higher potency than LEV. The effective limitation of [Ca(2+)](i) influx might be relevant for its antiepileptic efficacy and, more broadly, for pathologic processes involving neuronal [Ca(2+)](i) overload.
Nanos and Pumilio have critical roles in the development and function of Drosophila germline stem cells (1998)

The zinc-finger protein Nanos and the RNA-binding protein Pumilio act together to repress the translation of maternal hunchback RNA in the posterior of the Drosophila embryo, thereby allowing abdomen formation. nanos RNA is localized to the posterior pole during oogenesis and the posteriorly synthesized Nanos protein is sequestered into the germ cells as they form in the embryo. This maternally provided Nanos protein is present in germ cells throughout embryogenesis. Here we show that maternally deposited Nanos protein is essential for germ cell migration. Lack of zygotic activity of nanos and pumilio has a dramatic effect on germline development of homozygous females. Given the coordinate function of nanos and pumilio in embryonic patterning, we analyzed the role of these genes in oogenesis. We find that both genes act in the germline. Although the nanos and pumilio ovarian phenotypes have similarities and both genes ultimately affect germline stem cell development, the focus of these phenotypes appears to be different. While pumilio mutant ovaries fail to maintain stem cells and all germline cells differentiate into egg chambers, the focus of nanos function seems to lie in the differentiation of the stem cell progeny, the cystoblast. Consistent with the model that nanos and pumilio have different phenotypic foci during oogenesis, we detect high levels of Pumilio protein in the germline stem cells and high levels of Nanos in the dividing cystoblasts. We therefore suggest that, in contrast to embryonic patterning, Nanos and Pumilio may interact with different partners in the germline.
Distinct Roles for Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in Cell Cycle Control (1993)

The key cell-cycle regulator Cdc2 belongs to a family of cyclin-dependent kinases in higher eukaryotes. Dominant-negative mutations were used to address the requirement for kinases of this family in progression through the human cell cycle. A dominant-negative Cdc2 mutant arrested cells at the G2 to M phase transition, whereas mutants of the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk2 and Cdk3 caused a G1 block. The mutant phenotypes were specifically rescued by the corresponding wild-type kinases. These data reveal that Cdk3, in addition to Cdc2 and Cdk2, executes a distinct and essential function in the mammalian cell cycle.
Dramatic photoluminescence quenching of phenylene vinylene oligomer thin films upon submonolayer Ca deposition (1996)

We report that Ca atoms severely quench the photoluminescence (PL) of an organic thin film 1,4-bis[4-(3,5-di-tert-butylstyryl)stryyl]benzene (4PV). A submonolayer coverage (0.035 monolayer or 0.1 Å) of Ca on the 4PV surface reduced the PL of a 300 Å layer of 4PV by as much as 50%. Three distinct quenching rates were observed throughout the 200 Å Ca deposition. An exciton diffusion length of 200 Å in 4PV is estimated assuming that the PL quenching is diffusion controlled.
Technical procedures for template-guided surgery for mandibular reconstruction based on digital design and manufacturing (2014)

This comparison between two groups of cases illustrates that, with the proposed method, the accuracy of mandibular defect repair surgery is increased significantly and is less time-consuming, and patients are satisfied with both the recovery of oral function and their appearance. Until now, more than 15 cases have been treated with the proposed methods, so their feasibility and validity have been verified.
Cyclooxygenase 2 and Intermittent Hypoxia-induced Spatial Deficits in the Rat (2003)

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep, a critical feature of sleep apnea, induces significant neurobehavioral deficits in the rat. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is induced during stressful conditions such as cerebral ischemia and could play an important role in IH-induced learning deficits. We therefore examined COX-1 and COX-2 genes and COX-2 protein expression and activity (prostaglandin E2 [PGE2] tissue concentration) in cortical regions of rat brain after exposure to either IH (10% O2 alternating with 21% O2 every 90 seconds) or sustained hypoxia (10% O2). In addition, the effect of selective COX-2 inhibition with NS-398 on IH-induced neurobehavioral deficits was assessed. IH was associated with increased COX-2 protein and gene expression from Day 1 to Day 14 of exposure. No changes were found in COX-1 gene expression after exposure to hypoxia. IH-induced COX-2 upregulation was associated with increased PGE2 tissue levels, neuronal apoptosis, and neurobehavioral deficits. Administration of NS-398 abolished IH-induced apoptosis and PGE2 increases without modifying COX-2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, NS-398 treatment attenuated IH-induced deficits in the acquisition and retention of a spatial task in the water maze. We conclude that IH induces upregulation and activation of COX-2 in rat cortex and that COX-2 may play a role in IH-mediated neurobehavioral deficits.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (1969)

Abstract The hydrolytic activity associated with homogeneous preparations of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase, previously designated exonuclease II, hydrolyzes polydeoxyribonucleotides from the 5' as well as the 3' terminus. 3'-Phosphate-terminated DNA is hydrolyzed only from the 5' terminus. The principal products of exhaustive hydrolysis of 3'-phosphate-terminated DNA are 5'-mononucleotides and oligonucleotides terminating in a 3'-phosphate group; the latter are not hydrolyzed from either end of the chain. The rates of hydrolysis from either end of a DNA chain are similar with native DNA as substrate. The ability of DNA polymerase to recognize and degrade from the 5' terminus (5' → 3') as well as the 3' terminus (3' → 5') of a DNA chain is considered in relation to possible models for DNA replication and to the active center of the enzyme.
Biotinated bone morphogenetic protein-2: In vivo and in vitro activity (1999)

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was biotinated, and the bioactivity of biotinated protein was assessed in vitro (alkaline phosphate induction in limb bud cells) and in vivo (osteoinduction in the rat ectopic assay). Amino-biotinated rhBMP-2 exhibited an increase in bioactivity whereas carboxy-biotinated rhBMP-2 did not exhibit any changes in bioactivity in vitro. Avidin inhibited the bioactivity of amino-biotinated but not carboxyl-biotinated rhBMP-2. Both amino- and carboxy-modified rhBMP-2 induced bone at an equivalent level to that of unmodified rhBMP-2 in vivo. The presence of avidin did not affect the osteoinductive activity of both types of biotinated rhBMP-2. The overall results indicated that binding to a large protein, avidin, might affect rhBMP-2 activity in vitro depending on the binding site; however, in vivo activity was unaffected by the avidin binding.
Role of Nucleic Acid–Sensing TLRs in Diverse Autoantibody Specificities and Anti-Nuclear Antibody–Producing B Cells (2013)

Nucleic acid (NA)-sensing TLRs (NA-TLRs) promote the induction of anti-nuclear Abs in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the extent to which other nonnuclear pathogenic autoantibody specificities that occur in lupus and independently in other autoimmune diseases depend on NA-TLRs, and which immune cells require NA-TLRs in systemic autoimmunity, remains to be determined. Using Unc93b1(3d) lupus-prone mice that lack NA-TLR signaling, we found that all pathogenic nonnuclear autoantibody specificities examined, even anti-RBC, required NA-TLRs. Furthermore, we document that NA-TLRs in B cells were required for the development of antichromatin and rheumatoid factor. These findings support a unifying NA-TLR-mediated mechanism of autoantibody production that has both pathophysiological and therapeutic implications for systemic lupus erythematosus and several other humoral-mediated autoimmune diseases. In particular, our findings suggest that targeting of NA-TLR signaling in B cells alone would be sufficient to specifically block production of a broad diversity of autoantibodies.
Cytokine‐induced cell death in immortalized Schwann cells: roles of nitric oxide and cyclic AMP (2001)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma are pleiotropic cytokines that regulate Schwann cell responses during injury and inflammatory demyelination. We have previously shown that cyclic AMP (cAMP)-elevating agents decrease the demyelination and Wallerian degeneration in experimental allergic neuritis. In this study, we examined the role of cAMP in cytokine-mediated signaling in a spontaneously immortal Schwann cell clone (iSC). We found that tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma exert synergistic inhibitory action on Schwann cell viability via the production of nitric oxide (NO) and ceramide (cer). Furthermore, we found that: (i) NO synthase inhibitors attenuate the cytokine-induced cer accumulation and cell death indicating that NO acts upstream of cer; and (ii) cytokine-induced cell death is decreased in iSCs pretreated continuously for 48-72 h with forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase. Although forskolin modulates the phosphorylation of ERKs and Akt, it decreases the susceptibility of iSC to cytokines via a separate mechanism operating after NO induction and before cer accumulation. We propose that the protective effect of cAMP-elevating agents in experimental allergic neuritis may be mediated in part via modulation of Schwann cell responses to cytokines.
Development of Additional Selectable Markers for the Halophilic ArchaeonHaloferax volcaniiBased on theleuBandtrpAGenes (2004)

Since most archaea are extremophilic and difficult to cultivate, our current knowledge of their biology is confined largely to comparative genomics and biochemistry. Haloferax volcanii offers great promise as a model organism for archaeal genetics, but until now there has been a lack of a wide variety of selectable markers for this organism. We describe here isolation of H. volcanii leuB and trpA genes encoding 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase and tryptophan synthase, respectively, and development of these genes as a positive selection system. DeltaleuB and DeltatrpA mutants were constructed in a variety of genetic backgrounds and were shown to be auxotrophic for leucine and tryptophan, respectively. We constructed both integrative and replicative plasmids carrying the leuB or trpA gene under control of a constitutive promoter. The use of these selectable markers in deletion of the lhr gene of H. volcanii is described.
Droplet microfluidics on a planar surface (2003)

This work reports on the modelling of, and experiments on, a method in which liquid is transported as droplets on a planar hydrophobic surface with no moving parts, merely through electrostatic forces generated by the underlying electrodes. Two-directional transportation along a straight electrode path and across a junction, fusion of two droplets and methods for importing, exporting and filtering of water droplets were demonstrated, and can be used as basic functions of a lab-on-a-chip type microfluidic system.\n\nIn this work, the electrostatic droplet actuation is for the first time demonstrated on super-hydrophobic surfaces. Such surfaces are composed of air-filled pores and exhibit a very low droplet sliding resistance due to reduced contact angle hysteresis and a high water contact angle (usually &gt; 150°). This work shows that superhydrophobic surfaces can be used to reduce the minimum voltage and to increase the maximum speed under certain conditions, but there are some harmful side-effects. First of all, the electrostatic pressure can push water into the surface pores, which hinders actuation. The phenomenon can also be treated as a vertical electrowetting effect. Another drawback is that the use of superhydrophobic surfaces makes actuation more critical to the properties of the liquid. For example, actuation of biological buffer solutions was not successful. For these reasons, it is concluded that it is more beneficial to use a smooth surface with low hysteresis than a superhydrophobic surface in droplet actuation.\n\nElectrostatic droplet actuation is a potential method for manipulating liquid on a microscopic scale, but there is still work to do. This work contains a detailed examination of the droplet actuation mechanism, and trapping of charges in the solid-liquid interface is found to be the most severe problem that needs to be solved.
Locally designed pulse shaping for selective preparation of enantiomers from their racemate (2001)

We present a method for the design of laser fields to control a selective preparation of enantiomers from their racemate. An expression for two components of the laser pulses [EX(t) and EY(t)] propagating along the Z axis is derived using a locally optimized control theory in the density operator formalism. This expression was applied to a selective preparation of (R-, L-) enantiomers from preoriented phosphinotioic acid (H2POSH) at low temperatures. The target operator was set for the populations to be localized in one side of the double-well potential. First, a simple one-dimensional model was treated. Then, a two-dimensional model in which a free rotation around the preoriented torsional axis is included was briefly considered. In the one-dimensional model, almost complete preparation of the enantiomers was obtained. The optimal electric field consists of a sequence of two linearly polarized pulses with the same phases but with different magnitudes. This means that the resultant electric field is linearly polarized with the polarization for obtaining the R-form nearly parallel to its S–H bond. The optimal electric field transfers the L-form into the R-form while suppressing the reverse process. In the two-dimensional model, the enantiomer selective preparation is controlled by a sequence of circularly polarized pulses.
Slow‐channel mutation in acetylcholine receptor αM4 domain and its efficient knockdown (2006)

alphaC418W occurring in humans causes a slow-channel syndrome by enhancing the relative stability of the channel open state. Efficient and selective knockdown of the mutant allele holds promise of therapeutic gene silencing.
Stable transformation of tobacco by electroporation: evidence for plasmid concatenation. (1986)

Electroporation (electric field-mediated DNA transfer) of tobacco protoplasts in the presence of the linearized plasmid pMON200 has led to the formation of transgenic plants. Defined electric shocks were delivered by capacitive discharges with readily available, low-cost electrical components. This transformation procedure is simple and efficient and may suggest a quick method for determining the appropriate electric fields for new cell systems. An optimal transformation frequency of 2.2 X 10(-4) (based on the number of cells subjected to the shock) was obtained with a single 2000-V/cm, 250-microseconds-duration capacitive discharge. Calli transformed to kanamycin resistance have been regenerated into whole plants. Southern blots of DNA from the transgenic plants demonstrate the integration of the selectable marker gene (neomycin phosphotransferase) at single or multiple genomic sites. In some cases, the plasmid appears to be integrated intact; in others, it is rearranged. The blots also provide evidence of plasmid recircularization and/or the formation of head-to-head and head-to-tail concatemers in most of the plants analyzed. Although some plants apparently have multiple integration sites, analysis of progeny obtained by self-fertilization of the transgenic plants indicates that the kanamycin-resistance marker is inherited as a single dominant gene.
The acute effect of angiotensin II on adrenal and anterior pituitary function in normal subjects and subjects with primary hyperaldosteronism. (1980)

Previous studies have shown that infused angiotensin II acutely suppresses ACTH release. In normal human subjects, the response to angiotensin II infused alone is specific to aldosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone. Other compounds such as cortisol, corticosterone and DOC do not respond. This is transformed into a general adrenocortical response by infusing small, constant quantities of ACTH. In patients with primary hyperaldosteronism, a poor response of plasma aldosterone to angiotensin II infused alone was altered to a response comparable with that in normal subjects by supplying ACTH during the infusion. Aldosterone secretion is more sensitive to ACTH in cases of primary hyperaldosteronism than in normal subjects. The poor response to angiotensin infusion may have been caused by inhibition of ACTH release, a phenomenon shown to occur in normal human subjects.
Fetal cells in the blood of pregnant women: detection and enrichment by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. (1979)

Fetal cells, potentially usable for prenatal diagnosis, were sorted from maternal blood samples taken as early as 15 weeks of gestation. Immunogenetic and cytogenic criteria established the fetal origin of the observed cells: Y-chromatin-containing (male) cells were detected in the sorted sample if and only if the newborn proved to be male and carried cell-surface antigens detected by the fluorescent-labeled antibody used for sorting with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter.
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens by strand displacement amplification of DNA (1996)

A total of 294 clinical respiratory specimens, including 75 with culture-positive results, were tested for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by strand displacement amplification (SDA) of DNA. A region of the IS6110 insertion element and an internal control sequence were amplified and then detected by a chemiluminescence assay. Receiver operator-characteristic curves were used to evaluate three methods for declaring specimens positive for M. tuberculosis. By the preferred method, SDA chemiluminescence results were converted to theoretical numbers of M. tuberculosis organisms. A positive threshold (PT) value, above which 95% of the SDA results were judged to be M. tuberculosis positive (sensitivity = 95%), was found to be 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per SDA reaction. The analogous PT value for 95% sensitivity on smear-positive specimens was 3.6 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. The PT of 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction detected 100% of culture-positive, smear-positive specimens (sensitivity = 100%), while 95% sensitivity was achieved with a PT of 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. Specificities, which were calculated with respect to culture- and smear-negative specimens, ranged from 96% at a PT of 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms to 84% at a PT of 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. The M. tuberculosis-negative specimens were also segregated according to whether the patients received antituberculosis chemotherapy. SDA specificity ranged from 90% (PT = 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms) to 98% (PT = 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms) for the M. tuberculosis-negative specimens from patients who had not received chemotherapy. SDA specificity in the M. tuberculosis-negative specimens from patients who received chemotherapy was lower (85 to 94%). This study represents the first large-scale demonstration of M. tuberculosis detection in clinical sputum specimens by isothermal DNA amplification with SDA.
CD146: a new partner for VEGFR2 (2012)

In this issue of Blood , Jiang et al identify the cell adhesion molecule CD146 as novel co-receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2).[1][1]

The cell adhesion molecule CD146 was first described in 1987 because of its expression on malignant melanocytes and was correlated