gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transplantation of Preserved Human Amniotic Membrane for Surface Reconstruction in Severely Damaged Rabbit Corneas (1995)

After n-heptanol removal of the total corneal epithelium and a limbal lamellar keratectomy, 23 rabbit eyes developed features of limbal stem cell deficiency including conjunctival epithelial ingrowth, vascularization and chronic inflammation. One month later, 10 control eyes received a total keratectomy, and 13 experimental eyes received additional transplantation of glycerin-preserved human amniotic membrane. In 3 months of follow-up, all control corneas were revascularized to the center with granuloma and retained a conjunctival epithelial phenotype. In contrast, five corneas in the experimental group became clear with either minimal or no vascularization; the rest had either mid peripheral (n = 5) or total (n = 3) vascularization and cloudier stroma. The success of corneal surface reconstruction correlated with the return of a cornea-like epithelial phenotype and the preservation of amniotic membrane, whereas the failure maintained a conjunctival epithelial phenotype and the amniotic membrane was either partially degraded or covered by host fibrovascular stroma. These results suggest that measures taken to facilitate epithelialization without allowing host fibrovascular ingrowth onto the amniotic membrane might prove this procedure clinically useful for ocular surface reconstruction.
Neuroprotective properties of cannabinoids against oxidative stress: role of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 (2002)

Neuroprotective effects have been described for many cannabinoids in several neurotoxicity models. However, the exact mechanisms have not been clearly understood yet. In the present study, antioxidant neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids and the involvement of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) were analysed in detail employing cell-free biochemical assays and cultured cells. As it was reported for oestrogens that the phenolic group is a lead structure for antioxidant neuroprotective effects, eight compounds were classified into three groups. Group A: phenolic compounds that do not bind to CB1. Group B: non-phenolic compounds that bind to CB1. Group C: phenolic compounds that bind to CB1. In the biochemical assays employed, a requirement of the phenolic lead structure for antioxidant activity was shown. The effects paralleled the protective potential of group A and C compounds against oxidative neuronal cell death using the mouse hippocampal HT22 cell line and rat primary cerebellar cell cultures. To elucidate the role of CB1 in neuroprotection, we established stably transfected HT22 cells containing CB1 and compared the protective potential of cannabinoids with that observed in the control transfected HT22 cell line. Furthermore, oxidative stress experiments were performed in cultured cerebellar granule cells, which were derived either from CB1 knock-out mice or from control wild-type littermates. The results strongly suggest that CB1 is not involved in the cellular antioxidant neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids.
Analysis of CUL-5 expression in breast epithelial cells, breast cancer cell lines, normal tissues and tumor tissues. (2003)

The data demonstrate no apparent decrease in CUL-5 expression in the breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) versus the breast epithelial cells (HMEC, MCF-10A). The decrease in CUL-5 expression in breast tumor tissue versus matched normal tissue supports the hypothesis that decreased expression of CUL-5 may play a role in breast tumorigenesis.
Establishment of a melanoma cell line with metastatic characteristics. (1995)

We report here the establishment and characterization of a human melanoma cell line derived from the ascitic fluid of a patient with metastatic malignant melanoma with peritonitis carcinomatosa. This cell line was easily transplanted into nude mice. Flow cytometry and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated that the cells expressed melanotransferrin and S-100 protein. Expression of cell adhesion and HLA molecules on the cells was also investigated. The results indicate that the cell line possesses some metastatic characteristics.
Enzyme-catalyzed irreversible formation of peptides containing D-amino acids (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-catalyzed irreversible formation of peptides containing D-amino acidsJ. Blair West and Chi Huey WongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2728–2735Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views634Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of Recombinant Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A-and B-Chain Homodimers in Rat-1 Cells and Human Fibroblasts Reveals Differences in Protein Processing and Autocrine Effects (1988)

The autocrine effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A- and B-chain homodimers (PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB) on rat-1 cells and human fibroblasts have been investigated by using human PDGF A- and B-chain cDNA clones expressed in a retroviral vector. Infection with replication-defective virus carrying the B-chain cDNA resulted in a phenotypical transformation resembling that induced by simian sarcoma virus. The resulting cells were focus forming in monolayer cultures, grew to high saturation densities, and formed large colonies in soft agar. The PDGF A-chain transfectants showed no transformed morphology and lacked focus-forming activity but grew to high saturation density in monolayer culture and formed small colonies in soft agar. A similar but weaker effect was obtained with an A-chain cDNA variant containing a 69-base-pair insertion in the 3' end of the protein-coding domain. A- and B-chain transfectants released PDGF receptor-competing activity into the medium, but only the medium conditioned by the B-chain transfectants possessed potent mitogenic activity on human fibroblasts. Both types of transfectants had downregulated levels of PDGF receptors; however, the B-chain transfectants were downregulated to significantly lower levels. Metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitations with PDGF antiserum showed that the PDGF B-chain protein was processed to a 24-kilodalton cell-associated and a 30-kilodalton secreted dimeric protein. The A-chain protein was rapidly secreted as a 31-kilodalton dimeric protein. The present study shows a marked difference in the autocrine effects of PDGF-AA and -BB expressed under the control of a retroviral promoter and suggests that different biological properties may be assigned to these two PDGF isoforms.
Rate-based query optimization for streaming information sources (2002)

Relational query optimizers have traditionally relied upon table cardinalities when estimating the cost of the query plans they consider. While this approach has been and continues to be successful, the advent of the Internet and the need to execute queries over streaming sources requires a different approach, since for streaming inputs the cardinality may not be known or may not even be knowable (as is the case for an unbounded stream.) In view of this, we propose shifting from a cardinality-based approach to a rate-based approach, and give an optimization framework that aims at maximizing the output rate of query evaluation plans. This approach can be applied to cases where the cardinality-based approach cannot be used. It may also be useful for cases where cardinalities are known, because by focusing on rates we are able not only to optimize the time at which the last result tuple appears, but also to optimize for the number of answers computed at any specified time after the query evaluation commences. We present a preliminary validation of our rate-based optimization framework on a prototype XML query engine, though it is generic enough to be used in other database contexts. The results show that rate-based optimization is feasible and can indeed yield correct decisions.
The Legal And Ethical Concerns That Arise From Using Complex Predictive Analytics In Health Care (2014)

Predictive analytics, or the use of electronic algorithms to forecast future events in real time, makes it possible to harness the power of big data to improve the health of patients and lower the cost of health care. However, this opportunity raises policy, ethical, and legal challenges. In this article we analyze the major challenges to implementing predictive analytics in health care settings and make broad recommendations for overcoming challenges raised in the four phases of the life cycle of a predictive analytics model: acquiring data to build the model, building and validating it, testing it in real-world settings, and disseminating and using it more broadly. For instance, we recommend that model developers implement governance structures that include patients and other stakeholders starting in the earliest phases of development. In addition, developers should be allowed to use already collected patient data without explicit consent, provided that they comply with federal regulations regarding research on human subjects and the privacy of health information.
Clinical anti-lymphoma activity and toxicity of T cells expressing a novel anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor with fully-human variable regions. (2018)

3052 Background: T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting CD19 have powerful activity against B-cell lymphoma. A limitation to CAR T-cell therapy for lymphoma is occurrence of toxicities, especially neurologic toxicities. Methods: We designed an anti-CD19 CAR with fully human variable regions (Hu19CAR). This CAR has CD8α hinge and transmembrane domains and a CD28 costimulatory domain; T cells expressing this CAR release relatively low levels of cytokines. A phase I dose-escalation trial was conducted to investigate the safety of Hu19CAR T cells and to assess efficacy for patients with previously treated B-cell lymphoma. Patients received cyclophosphamide and fludarabine chemotherapy to enhance CAR T-cell activity. Two days after the completion of chemotherapy, Hu19CAR T cells were infused. Results: Twenty patients have received Hu19CAR T-cell infusions. Of these patients, 75% had lymphoma that was chemotherapy-refractory or relapsed after autologous stem cell transplant. Patients received a median of 4 prior lines of therapy. The overall response rate is 75%, with 55% complete remissions (CRs). CRs were observed in patients with chemotherapy-refractory lymphomas and in patients with double-hit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Durations of response currently range from 1 to 17 months. Forty percent of patients are in ongoing remissions. Only one patient experienced greater than Grade 2 neurotoxicity (5%), which is a neurotoxicity rate lower than that of many anti-CD19 CAR trials. This patient had Grade 4 neurotoxicity which reversed in less than 24 hours with corticosteroid therapy. Three patients had Grade 3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and 1 patient had Grade 4 CRS; all other patients had Grade 2 or lower CRS. CRS and neurotoxicities resolved completely in all patients. Loss of CD19 expression by lymphoma cells was observed in 4 of the 8 patients who underwent biopsies of recurrent or residual lymphoma after Hu19CAR T-cell infusions. CAR T cells were detected in the blood of all patients at levels ranging from 4-2216 cells/µL. Conclusions: Hu19CAR T cells have substantial activity against advanced lymphoma with a low rate of neurotoxicity. Clinical trial information: NCT02659943.
Reduction in the Recurrence of Stroke by Eicosapentaenoic Acid for Hypercholesterolemic Patients (2008)

Administration of highly purified EPA appeared to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in a Japanese population of hypercholesterolemic patients receiving low-dose statin therapy. Further research is needed to determine whether similar benefits are found in other populations with lower levels of fish intake. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00231738).
Outside the Box: How Building Relationships Within your Organisation can Help Develop Your Information Service (2006)

The modern Library or Information Service (IS) cannot, and should not, operate in isolation from the strategic planning of its wider organisation. Most IS units already tie their aims and objectives to the organisation's strategic mission, but how can the IS move from the confines of its traditional role to have greater influence and responsibility within the wider organisation? How can building relationships with key individuals/departments strengthen the overall role of the IS?
Involvement of prostaglandin E2 in bile acid-caused promotion of colon carcinogenesis and anti-promotion by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. (1987)

The mechanism of the anti-promoting effect of the prostaglandin (PG) synthesis inhibitor indomethacin in colon carcinogenesis was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 0.002% water solution of indomethacin as drinking water freely for 3 days, then a subcutaneous injection of various doses of PGE2 and/or an intrarectal instillation of 12 mumol of sodium deoxycholate as a colon tumor promoter. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a marker of tumor promotion, in the distal colonic mucosa was assayed at 4 hr after deoxycholate instillation. Indomethacin significantly suppressed the deoxycholate-augmented increase of ODC activity, while exogenous PGE2 restored or further increased the augmented ODC activity. The amount of PGE2 and the level of ODC activity were well correlated. However, PGE2 alone without deoxycholate did not increase the activity. Deoxycholate markedly increased colonic mucosal PGE2 at 1 hr after the instillation, and indomethacin decreased it. The results indicate that PGE2, the production of which is stimulated in the colonic mucosa by deoxycholate, is involved in the induction of colonic mucosal ODC. This is probably why PG synthesis inhibitors may inhibit the tumor promotion and prevent cancer development in the colon.
The Monk "soft top" endoprosthesis. Clinical, biomechanical and histopathological observations (1980)

This paper presents a prospective trial carried out using the Monk "soft top" endoprosthesis in 33 patients. Two years after operation 70 per cent of the remaining patients had pain. A biomechanical and histopathological analysis of the endoprosthesis and the surrounding tissue, obtained from a further two patients at the time of revision, is presented. It is concluded that the prosthesis has inherent design faults which result in excessive wear of the polyethylene component. The wear debris produced stimulates a prolific fibrous tissue reaction which is associated with progressive clinical deterioration.
Specific Protein Analysis by Light-Scatter Measurement with a Miniature Centrifugal Fast Analyzer (1974)

Abstract A miniature Centrifugal Fast Analyzer has been modified for fluorescence and light-scatter measurements by using several rotors developed for this purpose. The modified system has been used to evaluate the feasibility of adapting specific protein analyses, such as IgG, IgA, IgM, C'3 complement component, and α-1-antitrypsin, to the Centrifugal Fast Analyzer. A study of reaction conditions has revealed that the addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 (Carbowax) to the dilution medium increases the rate of reaction and allows apparent equilibrium to be achieved in less than 60 s. Furthermore, scatter intensity is enhanced. This system can be used to make rapid immunoglobulin measurements with only microliter volumes of antibody (2-7 µl), without the need of sample blanks. Determination of antigen excess by a method that involves dynamic injection of antibody is also discussed.
Identification of Retinoic Acid in a High Content Screen for Agents that Overcome the Anti-Myogenic Effect of TGF-Beta-1 (2010)

Retinoic acid alleviated the anti-myogenic effect of TGF-β1 by a Smad3-independent mechanism. With regard to the goal of improving muscle regeneration and function in individuals with muscle disease, the identification of retinoic acid is intriguing in that some retinoids are already approved for human therapy. However, retinoids also have well-described adverse effects. The quantitative, high-content assay will be useful to screen for less-toxic retinoids or combinations of agents that promote myoblast differentiation in the presence of TGF-β1.
Patterns of exposure to Lawsonia intracellularis infection on European pig farms (2003)

A serological investigation was made of the patterns of exposure of pigs to Lawsonia intracellularis, the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy (ileitis), on farms in France and Spain. Blood samples from groups of adult female pigs in breeding programmes and from postweaning pigs were monitored, the latter every month for five months, by a L. intracellularis-specific immunofluorescence seroassay. Four of 33 farms monitored in France (12 per cent) and three of 29 farms monitored in Spain (10.3 per cent) remained free of clinical signs and seronegative throughout the study. The postweaning pigs on all of the remaining French farms and on 20 of the 26 remaining Spanish farms had a pattern of infection characterised by seroconversion in the grower period, generally between eight and 16 weeks of age. The seroprevalence in these groups ranged from 8 to 20 per cent. On all of these farms at least 15 per cent of the breeding females tested were seropositive, and the farms were under similar management systems, with a continuous flow of pigs or between buildings on one site, so-called 'one site, farrow-to-finish'. On the six remaining Spanish farms, under two management groups, a multiple-site system was used, with the piglets being separated from the adults at weaning and moved to a separate location. On three of these farms, the pattern of infection was characterised by seroconversion later in the finisher period, at between 16 and 20 weeks of age, and none of the breeding females was seropositive. On the three other multiple-site farms the pattern of infection resembled that on the one-site farms. On all of the farms, the seroconversion of groups of pigs was frequently associated with clinical or subclinical signs of ileitis.
Sequence Determinants for Regulated Degradation of Yeast 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase, an Integral Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Protein (1998)

The degradation rate of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMG-R), a key enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, is regulated through a feedback mechanism by the mevalonate pathway. To discover the intrinsic determinants involved in the regulated degradation of the yeast HMG-R isozyme Hmg2p, we replaced small regions of the Hmg2p transmembrane domain with the corresponding regions from the other, stable yeast HMG-R isozyme Hmg1p. When the first 26 amino acids of Hmg2p were replaced with the same region from Hmg1p, Hmg2p was stabilized. The stability of this mutant was not due to mislocalization, but rather to an inability to be recognized for degradation. When amino acid residues 27-54 of Hmg2p were replaced with those from Hmg1p, the mutant was still degraded, but its degradation rate was poorly regulated. The degradation of this mutant was still dependent on the first 26 amino acid residues and on the function of the HRD genes. These mutants showed altered ubiquitination levels that were well correlated with their degradative phenotypes. Neither determinant was sufficient to impart regulated degradation to Hmg1p. These studies provide evidence that there are sequence determinants in Hmg2p necessary for degradation and optimal regulation, and that independent processes may be involved in Hmg2p degradation and its regulation.
A 1200 bps speech coder based on MELP (2002)

This paper presents a 1.2 kbps speech coder based on the mixed excitation linear prediction (MELP) analysis algorithm. In the proposed coder, the MELP parameters of three consecutive frames are grouped into a superframe and jointly quantized to obtain a high coding efficiency. The interframe redundancy is exploited with distinct quantization schemes for different unvoiced/voiced (U/V) frame combinations in the superframe. Novel techniques for improving performance make use of the superframe structure. These include pitch vector quantization using pitch differentials, joint quantization of pitch and U/V decisions and LSF quantization with a forward-backward interpolation method. Subjective test results indicate that the 1.2 kbps speech coder achieves approximately the same quality as the proposed federal standard 2.4 kbps MELP coder.
Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice. (1992)

The selective expression of a unique copy gene in several mammalian tissues has been approached by studying the regulatory sequences needed to control expression of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene in transgenic mice. A transgene containing the entire PEPCK gene, including 2.2 kb of the 5'-flanking region and 0.5 kb of the 3'-flanking region, exhibits tissue-specific expression in the liver, kidney, and adipose tissue, as well as the hormonal and developmental regulation inherent to endogenous gene expression. Deletions of the 5'-flanking region of the gene have shown the need for sequences downstream of position -540 of the PEPCK gene for expression in the liver and sequences downstream of position -362 for expression in the kidney. Additional sequences upstream of position -540 (up to -2200) are required for expression in adipose tissue. In addition, the region containing the glucocorticoid-responsive elements of the gene used by the kidney was identified. This same sequence was found to be needed specifically for developmental regulation of gene expression in the kidney and, together with upstream sequences, in the intestine. The apparently distinct sequence requirements in the various tissues indicate that the tissues use different mechanisms for expression of the same gene.
Electrically active optical bifurcation: BOA (1977)

We report the realization of an electro-optical switch based on the interference between modes in a two-mode waveguide (equivalent to a directional coupler with no gap between the guides). Switching is achieved by uniformly changing the refractive index of the guide. This permits attaining the two switching states even in the presence of fabrication errors, with a very simple electrode configuration. Crosstalks of −16 and −18 dB for command voltages of 8 and −18 V have been obtained for such a structure realized in Ti : diffused lithium niobate.