gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Navigation Using Celestial Objects (1999)

In the twenty-first century, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Enterprises envision frequent low-cost missions to explore the solar system, observe the universe, and study our planet. Satellite autonomy is a key technology required to reduce satellite operating costs. The Guidance, Navigation, and Control Center (GNCC) at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) currently sponsors several initiatives associated with the development of advanced spacecraft systems to provide autonomous navigation and control. Autonomous navigation has the potential both to increase spacecraft navigation system performance and to reduce total mission cost. By eliminating the need for routine ground-based orbit determination and special tracking services, autonomous navigation can streamline spacecraft ground systems. Autonomous navigation products can be included in the science telemetry and forwarded directly to the scientific investigators. In addition, autonomous navigation products are available onboard to enable other autonomous capabilities, such as attitude control, maneuver planning and orbit control, and communications signal acquisition. Autonomous navigation is required to support advanced mission concepts such as satellite formation flying. GNCC has successfully developed high-accuracy autonomous navigation systems for near-Earth spacecraft using NASA's space and ground communications systems and the Global Positioning System (GPS). Recently, GNCC has expanded its autonomous navigation initiative to include satellite orbits that are beyond the regime in which use of GPS is possible. Currently, GNCC is assessing the feasibility of using standard spacecraft attitude sensors and communication components to provide autonomous navigation for missions including: libration point, gravity assist, high-Earth, and interplanetary orbits. The concept being evaluated uses a combination of star, Sun, and Earth sensor measurements along with forward-link Doppler measurements from the command link carrier to autonomously estimate the spacecraft's orbit and reference oscillator's frequency. To support autonomous attitude determination and control and maneuver planning and control, the orbit determination accuracy should be on the order of kilometers in position and centimeters per second in velocity. A less accurate solution (one hundred kilometers in position) could be used for acquisition purposes for command and science downloads. This paper provides performance results for both libration point orbiting and high Earth orbiting satellites as a function of sensor measurement accuracy, measurement types, measurement frequency, initial state errors, and dynamic modeling errors.
Plasma Chemical Modification of Polycarbonate Surfaces for Electroless Plating (1996)

Abstract The preliminary steps of the “electroless” metallization of polycarbonate are investigated by XPS. They consist of the chemisorption of a catalyst (Pd) on the surface to be metallized. The corresponding surface can be activated either by chemical etching or by reactive or non-reactive gas plasma treatment. Therefore, the surface treatment of polycarbonate determines the palladium adsorption. It is shown here that a surface carrying oxygenated functions adsorbs palladium through Sn2+ ions which are themselves bonded to oxygen atoms. On the other hand, a surface on which nitrogenated groups have been grafted (by NH3 or N2 plasma treatment) chemisorbs palladium directly on these nitrogen atoms. Reaction mechanisms are proposed in both cases and a new and simplified process for making the surfaces catalytic is proposed. Key Words: polycarbonatepolymer metallizationsurface modificationlow-pressure plasmaplasma surface treatmentpalladium chemisorption“electroless” metallizationXPS characterization
Effects of a Bacteriocin from Mycobacterium smegmatis on BALB/3T3 and Simian Virus 40‐Transformed BALB/c Mouse Cells (1981)

The effects of a bacteriocin from Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 14468 on simian virus 40-transformed BALB/c mouse cells (mKS-A TU-7 cells) and nontransformed BALB/3T3 cells originating from the BALB/c mouse strain were studied. The percentage of nigrosin-unstained (viable) cells in the bacteriocin-treated mKS-A TU-7 cells decreased time-dependently with an increase in the bacteriocin activity. There was a time-dependent decrease in the bacteriocin activity after treatment with the cell membrane preparation from mKS-A TU-7 cells. There was no apparent effect of the bacteriocin on the viability of nontransformed BALB/3T3 cells. Wheat germ agglutinin blocked the toxic effect of bacteriocin on mKS-A TU-7 cells. These results indicate that the higher sensitivity and binding capacity of the tumor cells to the bacteriocin is probably due to the presence of a large amount of N-acetyl-glucosamine or closely related sugar residues with a high affinity for bacteriocin, as compared with normal cells. The bacteriocin produced morphological alterations and inhibition of synthesis of ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid and protein in the transformed but not in the nontransformed cells.
Characterization of Curaremimetic Neurotoxin Binding Sites on Cellular Membrane Fragments Derived from the Rat Pheochromocytoma PC 12 (1986)

Studies were conducted on the properties of 125I-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites on cellular membrane fragments derived from the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma. Two classes of specific toxin binding sites are present at approximately equal densities (50 fmol/mg of membrane protein) and are characterized by apparent dissociation constants of 3 and 60 nM. Nicotine and d-tubocurarine are among the most potent inhibitors of high-affinity toxin binding. The affinity of high-affinity toxin binding sites for nicotinic cholinergic agonists is reversibly or irreversibly decreased, respectively, on treatment with dithiothreitol or dithiothreitol and N-ethylmaleimide. The nicotinic receptor affinity reagent bromoacetylcholine irreversibly blocks high-affinity toxin binding to PC12 cell membranes that have been treated with dithiothreitol. Two polyclonal antisera raised against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Electrophorus electricus inhibit high-affinity toxin binding. These detailed studies confirm that curaremimetic neurotoxin binding sites on the PC12 cell line are comparable to toxin binding sites from neural tissues and to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from the periphery. Because toxin binding sites are recognized by anti-nicotinic receptor antibodies, the possibility remains that they are functionally analogous to nicotinic receptors.
Genome-wide association study identifies loci influencing concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma (2011)

Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci associated with concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma, of which 32 are new associations (P = 10(-8) to P = 10(-190)). We used functional genomic approaches including metabonomic profiling and gene expression analyses to identify probable candidate genes at these regions. We identified 69 candidate genes, including genes involved in biliary transport (ATP8B1 and ABCB11), glucose, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, JMJD1C, HNF1A, MLXIPL, PNPLA3, PPP1R3B, SLC2A2 and TRIB1), glycoprotein biosynthesis and cell surface glycobiology (ABO, ASGR1, FUT2, GPLD1 and ST3GAL4), inflammation and immunity (CD276, CDH6, GCKR, HNF1A, HPR, ITGA1, RORA and STAT4) and glutathione metabolism (GSTT1, GSTT2 and GGT), as well as several genes of uncertain or unknown function (including ABHD12, EFHD1, EFNA1, EPHA2, MICAL3 and ZNF827). Our results provide new insight into genetic mechanisms and pathways influencing markers of liver function.
Highly-Secure Physically Unclonable Cryptographic Primitives Using Nonlinear Conductance and Analog State Tuning in Memristive Crossbar Arrays (2016)

The rapidly expanding hardware-intrinsic security primitives are aimed at addressing significant security challenges of a massively interconnected world in the age of information technology. The main idea of such primitives is to employ instance-specific process-induced variations in electronic hardware as a source of cryptographic data. Among the emergent technologies, memristive devices provide unique opportunities for security applications due to the underlying stochasticity in their operation. Herein, we report a prototype of a robust, dense, and reconfigurable physical unclonable function primitives based on the three-dimensional passive metal-oxide memristive crossbar circuits, by making positive use of process-induced variations in the devices' nonlinear I-Vs and their analog tuning. We first characterize security metrics for a basic building block of the security primitives based on a two layer stack with monolithically integrated 10x10 250-nm half-pitch memristive crossbar circuits. The experimental results show that the average uniformity and diffusivity, measured on a random sample of 6,000 64-bit responses, out of ~697,000 total, is close to ideal 50% with 5% standard deviation for both metrics. The uniqueness, which was evaluated on a smaller sample by readjusting conductances of crosspoint devices within the same crossbar, is also close to the ideal 50% +/- 1%, while the smallest bit error rate, i.e. reciprocal of reliability, measured over 30-day window under +/-20% power supply variations, was ~ 1.5% +/- 1%. We then utilize multiple instances of the basic block to demonstrate physically unclonable functional primitive with 10-bit hidden challenge generation that encodes more than 10^19 challenge response pairs and has comparable uniformity, diffusiveness, and bit error rate.
Expression of infectious murine leukemia viruses by RAW264.7 cells, a potential complication for studies with a widely used mouse macrophage cell line (2008)

The mouse macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7, the most commonly used mouse macrophage cell line in medical research, was originally reported to be free of replication-competent murine leukemia virus (MuLV) despite its origin in a tumor induced by Abelson MuLV containing Moloney MuLV as helper virus. As currently available, however, we find that it produces significant levels of ecotropic MuLV with the biologic features of the Moloney isolate and also MuLV of the polytropic or MCF class. Newborn mice developed lymphoma following inoculation with the MuLV mixture expressed by these cells. These findings should be considered in interpretation of increasingly widespread use of these cells for propagation of other viruses, studies of biological responses to virus infection and use in RNA interference and cell signalling studies.
State of the "Art”: A Taxonomy of Artistic Stylization Techniques for Images and Video (2012)

This paper surveys the field of nonphotorealistic rendering (NPR), focusing on techniques for transforming 2D input (images and video) into artistically stylized renderings. We first present a taxonomy of the 2D NPR algorithms developed over the past two decades, structured according to the design characteristics and behavior of each technique. We then describe a chronology of development from the semiautomatic paint systems of the early nineties, through to the automated painterly rendering systems of the late nineties driven by image gradient analysis. Two complementary trends in the NPR literature are then addressed, with reference to our taxonomy. First, the fusion of higher level computer vision and NPR, illustrating the trends toward scene analysis to drive artistic abstraction and diversity of style. Second, the evolution of local processing approaches toward edge-aware filtering for real-time stylization of images and video. The survey then concludes with a discussion of open challenges for 2D NPR identified in recent NPR symposia, including topics such as user and aesthetic evaluation.
Ubiquitin-specific protease 9X in host cells interacts with herpes simplex virus 1 ICP0 (2015)

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) expresses infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), a multi-functional protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and a critical regulator of the viral life cycle. To obtain novel insights into the molecular mechanism by which ICP0 regulates HSV-1 replication, we analyzed HEp-2 cells infected with HSV-1 by tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. This screen identified 50 host-cell proteins that potentially interact with ICP0, including ubiquitin-specific protease 9X (USP9X). The interaction between ICP0 and USP9X was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Notably, USP9X depletion increased the ICP0 abundance and promoted viral replication. These results suggest that USP9X-dependent regulation of ICP0 expression is part of a complex feedback mechanism that facilitates optimal HSV-1 replication.
Graphene-Based Ultracapacitors (2008)

The surface area of a single graphene sheet is 2630 m(2)/g, substantially higher than values derived from BET surface area measurements of activated carbons used in current electrochemical double layer capacitors. Our group has pioneered a new carbon material that we call chemically modified graphene (CMG). CMG materials are made from 1-atom thick sheets of carbon, functionalized as needed, and here we demonstrate in an ultracapacitor cell their performance. Specific capacitances of 135 and 99 F/g in aqueous and organic electrolytes, respectively, have been measured. In addition, high electrical conductivity gives these materials consistently good performance over a wide range of voltage scan rates. These encouraging results illustrate the exciting potential for high performance, electrical energy storage devices based on this new class of carbon material.
The α-Helical D1 Domain of the Tobacco bZIP Transcription Factor BZI-1 Interacts with the Ankyrin-repeat Protein ANK1 and Is Important for BZI-1 Function, Both in Auxin Signaling and Pathogen Response (2003)

The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) bZIP transcription factor BZI-1 is involved in auxin-mediated growth responses and in establishing pathogen defenses. Transgenic plants expressing a dominant-negative BZI-1-DeltaN derivative, which lacks the N-terminal activation domain, showed altered vegetative growth. In particular auxin-induced rooting and formation of tobacco mosaic virus-induced hypersensitive response lesions are affected. BZI-1-related proteins described in various plant species share the conserved domains D1, D2, BD, and D4. To define those BZI-1 domains involved in transcription factor function, BZI-1 deletion derivatives were expressed in transgenic plants. The domains D1 or BD are crucial for BZI-1-DeltaN function in planta. The basic BD domain is mediating DNA binding of BZI-1. Yeast two-hybrid and in vitro binding studies reveal the ankyrin-repeat protein ANK1, which specifically interacts with a part of the BZI-1 protein (amino acids 73-222) encoding the D1 domain. ANK1 does not bind DNA or act as a co-activator of BZI-1-mediated transcription. Moreover, green fluorescence protein localization studies propose that ANK1 is acting mainly inside the cytosol. Transcription analysis reveals that ANK1 is ubiquitously expressed, but after pathogen attack transcription is transiently down-regulated. Along these lines, ANK1 homologous proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana have been reported to function in pathogen defense. We therefore propose that the D1 domain serves as an interaction surface for ANK1, which appears to regulate BZI-1 function in auxin signaling as well as pathogen response.
A Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Required for Pyruvate Uptake in Yeast, Drosophila , and Humans (2012)

Pyruvate constitutes a critical branch point in cellular carbon metabolism. We have identified two proteins, Mpc1 and Mpc2, as essential for mitochondrial pyruvate transport in yeast, Drosophila, and humans. Mpc1 and Mpc2 associate to form an ~150-kilodalton complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Yeast and Drosophila mutants lacking MPC1 display impaired pyruvate metabolism, with an accumulation of upstream metabolites and a depletion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Loss of yeast Mpc1 results in defective mitochondrial pyruvate uptake, and silencing of MPC1 or MPC2 in mammalian cells impairs pyruvate oxidation. A point mutation in MPC1 provides resistance to a known inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. Human genetic studies of three families with children suffering from lactic acidosis and hyperpyruvatemia revealed a causal locus that mapped to MPC1, changing single amino acids that are conserved throughout eukaryotes. These data demonstrate that Mpc1 and Mpc2 form an essential part of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier.
Amphiphilic/Bipolar Metallocorroles That Catalyze the Decomposition of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species, Rescue Lipoproteins from Oxidative Damage, and Attenuate Atherosclerosis in Mice (2008)

Antioxidants that work! The iron corrole 1-Fe (see picture) is a potent catalyst for decomposition of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that binds selectively to lipoproteins. The complex also affects cholesterol levels and its cellular efflux. 1-Fe is more effective than natural antioxidants in reducing atherosclerosis development in mice. LDL=low-density lipoprotein. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z801149_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Arene Coordination in Bis(imino)pyridine Iron Complexes:  Identification of Catalyst Deactivation Pathways in Iron-Catalyzed Hydrogenation and Hydrosilation (2006)

The phenyl-substituted bis(imino)pyridine iron bis(dinitrogen) complex (iPrPhPDI)Fe(N2)2 (iPrPhPDI = 2,6-(2,6-iPr2-C6H3NCPh)2C5H3N) was prepared by sodium amalgam reduction of the corresponding ferrous dichloride precursor under 4 atm of dinitrogen. Comparison of the infrared stretching frequencies of the bis(dinitrogen), mono(dinitrogen), and related dicarbonyl derivatives to those of the corresponding bis(imino)pyridine iron compounds bearing the methyl-substituted ligand, (iPrPDI)Fe(L)n (iPrPDI = 2,6-(2,6-iPr2-C6H3NCMe)2C5H3N; L = CO, n = 2; L = N2, n = 1, 2), established a more electrophilic iron center for the phenyl-substituted cases. Comparing the productivity of (iPrPhPDI)Fe(N2)2 to (iPrPDI)Fe(N2)2 in the catalytic hydrogenation and hydrosilation of 1-hexene demonstrated higher turnover frequencies for (iPrPhPDI)Fe(N2)2. For more hindered substrates such as cyclohexene and (+)-(R)-limonene, the opposite trend was observed, where the methyl-substituted precursor, (iPrPDI)Fe(N2)2, produced more rapid conversion. The difference in catalytic performance resulted from competitive, irreversible formation of η6-aryl and -phenyl compounds with the phenyl-substituted complex. Addition of coordinating solvents such as cyclohexene or THF resulted in exclusive formation of the η6-phenyl derivative. When alkoxide substituents are introduced in the bis(imino)pyridine ligand backbone, the formation of η6-aryl compounds was exclusive, as alkali metal reduction of (iPrROPDI)FeBr2 (iPrROPDI = 2,6-(2,6-iPr2-C6H3NC(OR))2C5H3N, R = Me, Et) yielded only the catalytically inactive η6-aryl species.
한국문화와 부부갈등에 관한 연구 (2005)

현재 한국사회의 미래를 위협하는 두 가지 문제는 낮은 출산율과 높은 이혼 율이다. 특히 이혼율은 OECD국가 중에서 가장 높은 비율이며 지속적인 증가 추세에 있다. 가정은 하나님이 세우신 첫 번째 기관이며 사회를 구성하는 기초 이다. 가정이 흔들리면 교회와 사회전체가 위기를 맞이하게 된다. 그리고 건강 한 가정은 화목한 부부관계에서 출발한다. 이러한 급속한 가정파괴의 가장 큰 원인 중 하나는 해결되지 않은 갈등이다. 이 논문은 결혼한 부부의 갈등을 다루고 있다. 특히 부부의 갈등 중에서도 한국문화가 가지고 있는 문화의 특성으로 야기되는 문제에 초점을 두고 있다. 전통적인 집단주의문화를 이루고 있는 한국문화는 최근에 급속하게 개인주의 문화로 변하는 과정에서 다양한 인간관계의 갈등이 표출되고 있다. 특히 조선 500년 동안 깊게 뿌리를 내린 유교문화는 사회의 전반적인 영역에서 막대한 영향력을 행사하고 있다. 가정의 부부관계도 유교의 영향을 무시할 수 없으며 전통적인 남편과 아내의 역할을 규정하는 원리가 되고 있다. 그러나 최근에 급 속하게 서구화되는 변화의 흐름을 거역할 수 없으며 부부도 새로운 역할의 규 정이 필요한 시점에 있다. 이러한 급속한 문화적인 변화에 의한 부부갈등의 해결은 예수님의 복음이다. 예수님 마음을 본 받아서 그의 겸손함을 배우는 길이 근본적인 부부 갈등의 해 소를 위한 열쇄이다. 예수님처럼 우리도 나보다 남을 더 낫게 여기고 그들을 섬기려고 할 때에 많은 부부의 문제가 해소될 수 있으며 가정의 파괴를 막을 수 있다. 그리스도의 복음이 갈등하는 많은 부부들의 문제를 해결하고 화해하 도록 도울 수 있는 가장 중요한 메시지이다.
n-3 Essential fatty acids decrease weight gain in genetically obese mice (1986)

1. Lean (ln/ln) and obese (ob/ob) mice were given diets containing a fat source of 100 g evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil (fatty acids 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6; EPO) or 100 g cod liver oil (20:5n-3, 22:6n-3; CLO)/kg diet. 2. Weight gain was lower in the ob/ob mice fed on CLO, an effect unrelated to food intake. 3. In the ob/ob mice fed on CLO, thromboxane synthesis by clotting platelets was reduced compared with that in ob/ob mice fed on EPO. 4. The ob/ob CLO-fed mice had lower arachidonic acid but higher levels of n-3 fatty acids in liver, brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue. 5. The n-3 fatty acids in CLO therefore replaced the n-6 fatty acids in tissue lipids and reduced synthesis of '2 series' prostaglandins in addition to causing lower weight gain in the CLO-fed ob/ob mice.
Cannibalism in Montaigne, de Certeau and Derrida (2011)

In this text we introduce the discursive strategies of Montaigne, de Certeau and Derrida in analysing the figure of the cannibal.Both de Certeau and Derrida use textual strategies for their analysis, but whereas de Certeau remains at the level of discourse and words and therefore at the level of phonocentric language, Derrida's analysis moves beyond Western ethnocentrism.These different approaches lead de Certeau and Derrida to different conclusions.During the Renaissance, the figure of the cannibal was the source of horror because it ate its own kind and married several women.De Certeau inverts this ethnocentric ethics and shows that cannibalism was a form of paying tribute to the valor and honor of the victim, and polygamy showed the devotion and fidelity of women towards their husbands, not as a sign of male domination.Contrary to de Certeau, but building upon his critique of ethnocentrism, Derrida does not bring about any reversal of values when analysing a particular cosmovision in the figure of the cannibal, for example.Taking the meaning of the word "eating" in both a literal and a figurative sense, Derrida shows that all cultures are organized around a notion of sacrifice that consists in clearing up an area that allows for a noncriminal putting to death.It is in this context that Derrida denounces the 'mass exterminations' of animals and the 'crimes' against the environment that sustain carnivorous and industrialised countries.The figure of the cannibal also provides a good example of how Western society constructs the height of its morality and good consciousness symbolically sacrificing and demonizing the other (the savage, the cannibal) just because it sacrifices another 'other': as all cultures are organized around sacrificial structures that are ethnocentric.