gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell-Based Therapy in the Repair of Osteochondral Defects: A Novel Use for Adipose Tissue (2003)

Mesenchymal stem cells are currently procured from periosteum and bone marrow. The procurement of stem cells from these sources is tedious and gives a low yield of cells. This study was aimed at circumventing these problems and allowing for a method that would be more acceptable in the clinical setting. Tissue for transplantation was harvested from a single New Zealand White rabbit. Cells were more readily obtained from adipose tissue than from bone marrow or periosteum. The present method also provided a better yield of cells through culture. In vitro studies were performed to assess the differentiation potential of these cells. Successful in vitro transformation into alternative mesenchymal cell lines including cardiomyocytes revealed these cells to have wide differentiation potential. Further characterization morphologically, immunohistochemically, and via gene transfection showed features consistent with mesenchymal stem cells. Cultured cells were then transplanted into defects created in the left medial femoral condyle. The femora were harvested at various intervals and the repair tissue was assessed. Gross osteochondral defect reconstitution and histological grading was superior to periosteum-derived stem cell repair and repair by native mechanisms. Biomechanically, the repair tissue approximated intact cartilage and was superior to osteochondral autografts and repair by innate mechanisms.
Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and sperm function (1995)

The cellular generation of reactive oxygen species was first observed in mammalian spermatozoa in the late 1940s. The field then remained dormant for 30 years until Thaddeus Mann and Roy Jones published a series of landmark papers in the 1970s in which the importance of lipid peroxidation as a mechanism for damaging mammalian spermatozoa was first intimated. The subsequent demonstration that human spermatozoa produce reactive oxygen species and are susceptible to peroxidative damage has triggered intense interest in the role of oxidative stress in the aetiology of male infertility. Moreover, data have recently been obtained to indicate that, although excessive exposure to reactive oxygen species may be harmful to spermatozoa, in physiological amounts these molecules are of importance in the control of normal sperm function. This review considers the dualistic role of reactive oxygen species and sets out the current understanding of the importance of oxidative processes in both the physiology and the pathology of the human spermatozoon.
Development of a bioartificial liver: Properties and function of a hollow-fiber module inoculated with liver cells (1993)

We have developed a bioartificial liver support system utilizing hollow-fiber bioreactor, plasmapheresis and microcarrier cell culture technologies. Liver cells were obtained through portal vein perfusion with ethylenediaminetetraacetate or ethylenediaminetetraacetate/collagenase. A mathematical model of mass transport in a hollow-fiber module, at various plasma flow velocities and system configurations, was developed. The bioartificial liver's ability to carry out specific differentiated metabolic liver functions was tested in vitro and in vivo. A reproducible large-animal model of acute ischemic liver failure was developed. Most major first-generation cyclosporine and 19-norterstosterone metabolites were isolated after substrate addition to the bioartificial liver in vitro. After bioartificial liver treatment for 6 hr (with dog or pig liver cells), dogs with acute liver failure had significantly lower serum ammonia and lactate levels and significantly higher serum glucose levels than did control animals treated with a bioartificial liver system inoculated with microcarriers alone. In addition, bioartificial liver-treated animals had significantly higher mean systolic blood pressures than did controls. Liver cell viability at the end of the 6-hr in vivo experiment was greater than 90%.
A Molecular Scanner To Automate Proteomic Research and To Display Proteome Images (1999)

Identification and characterization of all proteins expressed by a genome in biological samples represent major challenges in proteomics. Today's commonly used high-throughput approaches combine two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) with peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) analysis. Although automation is often possible, a number of limitations still adversely affect the rate of protein identification and annotation in 2-DE databases: the sequential excision process of pieces of gel containing protein; the enzymatic digestion step; the interpretation of mass spectra (reliability of identifications); and the manual updating of 2-DE databases. We present a highly automated method that generates a fully annoated 2-DE map. Using a parallel process, all proteins of a 2-DE are first simultaneously digested proteolytically and electro-transferred onto a poly(vinylidene difluoride) membrane. The membrane is then directly scanned by MALDI-TOF MS. After automated protein identification from the obtained peptide mass fingerprints using PeptIdent software (http://www.expasy.ch/tools/peptident.html + ++), a fully annotated 2-D map is created on-line. It is a multidimensional representation of a proteome that contains interpreted PMF data in addition to protein identification results. This "MS-imaging" method represents a major step toward the development of a clinical molecular scanner.
Simplified methods for identifying the Volterra kernels of nonlinear systems (2002)

A class of random inputs for nonlinear systems that renders the homogeneous Volterra functionals orthogonal over time is introduced. This orthogonality is exploited to derive a general input-output cyclic cross-correlation formula for identification of the individual Volterra kernels of nonlinear systems. Four specific examples of inputs in the specified class are used to obtain explicit closed forms for the general identification formula. The relationship to other methods for identification, such as that of Lee and Schetzen, based on other orthogonal functionals, such as Wiener's, is explained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bright fluorescent nanoparticles for developing potential optical imaging contrast agents (2010)

Fluorescent cross-linked nanoparticles with variable fluorophore loading amounts, locations, and particle sizes were synthesized from sequential one-pot functionalization/cross-linking of block copolymer micelles with amine-terminated dye and cross-linker molecules, via reductive amination and amidation. The fluorescence quantum yield and brightness of these nanoparticles were evaluated by steady-state and dynamic fluorescence methods. The results demonstrate that the quantum yield and brightness of the fluorescent nanoparticles correlated directly with the number of dyes/nanoparticle and the nanoparticle size. A strategy to increase the fluorescence brightness of nanoparticles with fluorescein and near-infrared dyes is proposed.
Reactions of incompletely-condensed silsesquioxanes with pentamethylantimony: a new synthesis of metallasilsesquioxanes with important implications for the chemistry of silica surfaces (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of incompletely-condensed silsesquioxanes with pentamethylantimony: a new synthesis of metallasilsesquioxanes with important implications for the chemistry of silica surfacesFrank J. Feher, Theodore A. Budzichowski, Kamyar Rahimian, and Joseph W. ZillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10, 3859–3866Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00036a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00036a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views601Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Toxicity and carcinogenicity of the Fusanum monilzforine metabolite, fumonisin B1, in rats (1991)

A semi-purified corn-based diet containing 50 mg/kg of pure (not less than 90%) fumonisin B1 (FB1), isolated from culture material of Fusarium moniliforme strain MRC 826, was fed to a group of 25 rats over a period of 26 months. A control group of 25 rats received the same diet without FB1. Five rats from each group were killed at 6, 12, 20 and 26 months. The liver was the main target organ in the FB1-treated rats and the hepatic pathological changes were identical to those previously reported in rats fed culture material of F.moniliforme MRC 826. All FB1-treated rats that died or were killed from 18 months onwards suffered from a micro- and macronodular cirrhosis and had large expansile nodules of cholangiofibrosis at the hilus of the liver. Ten out of 15 FB1-treated rats (66%) that were killed and/or died between 18 and 26 months developed primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Metastases to the heart, lungs or kidneys were present in four of the rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. No neoplastic changes were observed in any of the control rats. Chronic interstitial nephritis was present in the kidneys of FB1-treated rats killed after 26 months. No lesions were observed in the esophagus, heart or forestomach of FB1-treated rats and this is contrary to previous findings when culture material of the fungus was fed to rats. It is concluded that FB1 is responsible for the hepatocarcinogenic and the hepatotoxic but not all the other toxic effects of culture material of F.moniliforme MRC 826 in rats.
The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test: Test–retest reliability of a Swedish version (2009)

A test score variation in the range of +/-4 (out of 24 possible) is to be expected for the same individual. When the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test is used, one has to take into account that an obtained test score must be regarded as an approximation.
Risk Factors for Diagnostic Subgroups of Painful Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) (2002)

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) encompass several entities, which may have differing etiologies. To test this hypothesis, we investigated risk factors for three diagnostic subgroups of painful TMD. Ninety-seven subjects with myofascial pain only, 20 with arthralgia only, 157 with both myofascial pain and arthralgia, and 195 controls without TMD pain met criteria for study eligibility. Investigated risk factors included both physical and psychological variables. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated by multiple logistic regression analyses. Myofascial pain occurring alone was significantly associated with trauma (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.0), clenching (OR = 4.8), third molar removal (OR = 3.2), somatization (OR = 3.7), and female gender (OR = 4.2). Myofascial pain with arthralgia was significantly associated with trauma (OR = 2.1), clenching (OR = 3.3), third molar removal (OR = 4.0), somatization (OR = 5.1), and female gender (OR = 4.7). No significant associations were found for the small-arthralgia-only group.
Pulse transit time-based blood pressure estimation using hilbert-huang transform (2009)

The pulse transit time (PTT) based method has been suggested as a continuous, cuffless and non-invasive approach to estimate blood pressure. It is of paramount importance to accurately determine the pulse transit time from the measured electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmo-gram (PPG) signals. We apply the celebrated Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) to process both the ECG and PPG signals, and improve the accuracy of the PTT estimation. Further, the blood pressure variation is obtained by using a well-established formula reflecting the relationship between the blood pressure and the estimated PTT. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Survey of Automated Feature Recognition Techniques (1992)

Automated feature recognition has been attempted through many methodologies for a wide range of application domains. This survey focuses on its use for geometric reasoning problems in mechanical engineering. Many of these methods are greatly limited in scope. Often they perform on a restricted class of objects with confining feature definitions. Furthermore, problems with interactions between features can render objects unrecognizable. This survey presents an overview of many of the works in this area. Included are descriptions of the approaches and an analysis of their abilities to provide a definition for and solution to the general problem of recognizing features from a solid model. It is hoped that previous research will provide the guidance for the development of a feature recognition system that is complete over a mathematically definable set of objects.
Decreased Protection by HDL From Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Against LDL Oxidation May Be Due to the Abnormal Composition of HDL (1999)

High plasma triglyceride concentrations in diabetic subjects increase their risk for developing coronary heart disease. Numerous studies have shown that the high density lipoprotein (HDL) composition is abnormal in type 2 diabetic subjects. One study has shown that HDL (lipoprotein A-I) isolated from subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibits a decreased capacity to induce cholesterol efflux. The current study examined the effect of HDL(2) and HDL(3) subfractions from poorly controlled type 2 diabetic and control subjects on THP-1 macrophage-mediated low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. The composition and protective effects of HDL(2), but not of HDL(3), differed significantly between control and diabetic subjects. HDL(2) from diabetics were triglyceride enriched and cholesterol depleted compared with those from controls. Control HDL(2) inhibited LDL oxidation, as assessed by lipid peroxides and electrophoretic mobility, significantly (P<0.05) more than did diabetic HDL(2) in both the fasting and postprandial state. In addition, HDL(2) from diabetics did not protect against apolipoprotein B-100 fragmentation in LDL. Cross-linking in apolipoprotein A-I, oxidized in the presence of LDL, was extensive in HDL(2) from diabetics compared with that from controls. Serum triglyceride concentrations were negatively correlated with protection by HDL(2) (r=-0.673, P<0.05) in diabetic but not in control subjects. HDL(2)-associated platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity was positively correlated with protection by HDL(2) in control (r=0.872, P<0.002) but not in diabetic subjects. In conclusion, compositional alterations in HDL(2) from poorly controlled type 2 diabetic subjects may reduce its antiatherogenic properties.
Affinity labelling of neuronal acetylcholine receptors localizes acetylcholine‐binding sites to their β‐subunits (1987)

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) from brains of chickens and rats consist of two types of subunits, alpha and beta, of which alpha shares some antigenic determinants with alpha-subunits from AChRs of electric organ and muscle [(1986) Biochemistry 25, 2082-2093; (1986) J. Neurosci. G, 3061-3069; (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press]. Here we demonstrate that after reduction with dithiothreitol (DTT) the AChRs can be specifically labelled with the acetylcholine-binding site directed reagent 4-(N-maleimido)benzyltri [3H]methylammonium iodide. Labelling of the beta-subunits of neuronal nicotinic AChRs indicates that the acetylcholine-binding site, and amino acids which may be homologous to Cys 192-193 of the alpha-subunits of AChRs from electric organ and muscle, are located on the beta-subunit of neuronal AChRs. These results suggest that although neuronal nicotinic AChRs have some structural homologies to AChRs from muscle and electric organs, the AChRs from these sources are quite distant relatives in an extended gene family.
Sparsity adaptive matching pursuit algorithm for practical compressed sensing (2008)

This paper presents a novel iterative greedy reconstruction algorithm for practical compressed sensing (CS), called the sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP). Compared with other state-of-the-art greedy algorithms, the most innovative feature of the SAMP is its capability of signal reconstruction without prior information of the sparsity. This makes it a promising candidate for many practical applications when the number of non-zero (significant) coefficients of a signal is not available. The proposed algorithm adopts a similar flavor of the EM algorithm, which alternatively estimates the sparsity and the true support set of the target signals. In fact, SAMP provides a generalized greedy reconstruction framework in which the orthogonal matching pursuit and the subspace pursuit can be viewed as its special cases. Such a connection also gives us an intuitive justification of trade-offs between computational complexity and reconstruction performance. While the SAMP offers a comparably theoretical guarantees as the best optimization-based approach, simulation results show that it outperforms many existing iterative algorithms, especially for compressible signals.
Imprinting centers, chromatin structure, and disease (2005)

Two regions that best exemplify the role of genetic imprinting in human disease are the Prader-Willi syndrome/Angelman syndrome (PWS/AS) region in 15q11-q13 and the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) region in 11p15.5. In both regions, cis-acting sequences known as imprinting centers (ICs) regulate parent-specific gene expression bidirectionally over long distances. ICs for both regions are subject to parent-specific epigenetic marking by covalent modification of DNA and histones. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of IC function and IC modification in these two regions.
Use of Maximum Expiratory Flow-Volume Curve Parameters in the Assessment of Exercise-induced Bronchospasm (1993)

Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is often inferred from the reduction after exercise in one arbitrarily selected value derived from the maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve (eg, FEV1) on a single test; however, patients with symptoms of EIB not meeting these criteria may risk being undiagnosed. To assess the ability of repeated tests using additional MEFV parameters in identifying EIB-prone patients, we investigated the effects of exercise provocation on the MEFV curve on two separate occasions. Of 95 patients with symptoms of EIB, 61 had reproducible exercise-induced changes (< 10 percent intraresponse variation), falling into four patterns: 27 (44 percent) had significantly reduced VC and airflow throughout the MEFV curve; 18 (30 percent) had unchanged VC but decreased airflow throughout the curve; 11 (18 percent) had reduced airflow above 50 percent VC but not below 50 percent VC; and 5 (8 percent) had significant reductions in airflow only at 50 percent VC or below. Of the other 34 subjects, 18 had no apparent response, and 16 responded on only one occasion, making objective assessment of these patients' EIB equivocal. We conclude that for a given individual, failure to meet arbitrary criteria does not rule out EIB. Additionally, a more subjective approach that integrates, among other factors, all routine MEFV curve parameters taken from multiple tests with clinical symptoms and history provide a more accurate assessment of EIB.
A novel water‐soluble fluorescent probe: Synthesis, luminescence and biological properties of the sodium salt of the 4‐sulfonato‐3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐pyrromethen‐1,1′‐BF2 complex (1985)

Abstract The reaction of the 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐pyrromethen‐1,1′‐BF 2 complex with chlorosulfonic acid and its subsequent neutralisation with sodium bicarbonate yields the titled compound 1 , which, in addition to appropriate thermal and photochemical stability, possesses excellent fluorescent properties. As a preliminary assay of its potential usefulness as a fluorescent probe in medical and biological research, the chemical was administered intravenously to rats and possible signs of toxicity were recorded. The rats showed no apparent detrimental effects and excreted the compound in the urine within three hours. In tests in which Salmonella and E. coli strains were used as indicators of genotoxicity, no mutagenic effects were observed.
Existing plaques and neuritic abnormalities in APP:PS1 mice are not affected by administration of the gamma-secretase inhibitor LY-411575 (2009)

The gamma-secretase complex is a major therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies have shown that treatment of young APP mice with specific inhibitors of gamma-secretase prevented formation of new plaques. It has not yet been shown directly whether existing plaques would be affected by gamma-secretase inhibitor treatment. Similarly, alterations in neuronal morphology in the immediate vicinity of plaques represent a plaque-specific neurotoxic effect. Reversal of these alterations is an important endpoint of successful therapy whether or not a treatment affects plaque size. In the present study we used longitudinal imaging in vivo with multiphoton microscopy to study the effects of the orally active gamma-secretase inhibitor LY-411575 in 10-11 month old APP:PS1 mice with established amyloid pathology and neuritic abnormalities. Neurons expressed YFP allowing fluorescent detection of morphology whereas plaques were labelled with methoxy-XO4. The same identified neurites and plaques were followed in weekly imaging sessions in living mice treated daily (5 mg/kg) for 3 weeks with the compound. Although LY-411575 reduced Abeta levels in plasma and brain, it did not have an effect on the size of existing plaques. There was also no effect on the abnormal neuritic curvature near plaques, or the dystrophies in very close proximity to senile plaques. Our results suggest that therapeutics aimed at inhibition of Abeta generation are less effective for reversal of existing plaques than for prevention of new plaque formation and have no effect on the plaque-mediated neuritic abnormalities, at least under these conditions where Abeta production is suppressed but not completely blocked. Therefore, a combination therapy of Abeta suppression with agents that increase clearance of amyloid and/or prevent neurotoxicity might be needed for a more effective treatment in patients with pre-existing pathology.
Variation of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Birefringence in Normal Human Subjects (2004)

RNFL birefringence varies with position around the ONH. This variation may result from known structural differences among nerve fiber bundles that serve different retinal regions. Constant Deltan along bundles is consistent with this hypothesis. Measurements of RNFL birefringence may provide a means to detect early subcellular changes in glaucoma.