gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum Levels of Type II Secretory Phospholipase A2 and the Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women (2005)

Elevated levels of sPLA2 were associated with an increased risk of future CAD in apparently healthy individuals. The magnitude of the association was similar to that observed between CRP and CAD risk, and both associations were independent.
Single View Point Omnidirectional Camera Calibration from Planar Grids (2007)

This paper presents a flexible approach for calibrating omnidirectional single viewpoint sensors from planar grids. These sensors are increasingly used in robotics where accurate calibration is often a prerequisite. Current approaches in the field are either based on theoretical properties and do not take into account important factors such as misalignment or camera-lens distortion or over-parametrised which leads to minimisation problems that are difficult to solve. Recent techniques based on polynomial approximations lead to impractical calibration methods. Our model is based on an exact theoretical projection function to which we add well identified parameters to model real-world errors. This leads to a full methodology from the initialisation of the intrinsic parameters to the general calibration. We also discuss the validity of the approach for fish-eye and spherical models. An implementation of the method is available as OpenSource software on the author's Web page. We validate the approach with the calibration of parabolic, hyperbolic, folded mirror, wide-angle and spherical sensors.
Kidney transplantation in rats: An appraisal of surgical techniques and outcome (2003)

Renal transplantation in rats is an essential experimental tool in transplantation research. The surgical procedure per se could affect the outcome of an experiment, independent of the hypothesis addressed, therefore requiring a standardized method which should be comparable across studies. To date, however, there is little information on the optimal surgical technique. We performed a Medline search on original articles published between 1965-2001 in order to evaluate whether specific technical issues affecting the outcome of the procedure could be defined. Articles that reported on a novel microsurgical procedure, or whose main purpose was the outcome of a surgical technique itself, were included in the analysis. From 2,060 retrieved publications, 34 corresponded to the selection criteria (rats and microsurgery and technique and kidney or renal transplantation). Among the essential determining factors for a good outcome, body weight >200 g and warm ischemic time <30 min were identified. Other important factors were the techniques used for vascular (end-to-end and end-to-side procedure or sleeve technique) and ureteral (bladder patch or end-to-end procedure) anastomosis. Gender, animal strain, type of anesthesia, prophylactic administration of antibiotics, and type of flushing solution did not affect the success of renal allografts. In order to avoid a bias related to the surgical procedure in rat renal transplantation, a warm ischemia time <30 min in animals with a body weight >200 g seems to be essential. Also, end-to-end or end-to-side vascular anastomoses are preferable to the sleeve technique. Other factors do not influence the immediate function of the graft.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Brassinosteroid-Regulated Gene from Elongating Soybean (Glycine max L.) Epicotyls (1994)

Brassinosteroids promote elongation and regulate gene expression in soybean (Glycine max L.) stems. We constructed a cDNA library from brassinosteroid-treated soybean epicotyls and used differential hybridization to isolate a cDNA (pBRU1) corresponding to a transcript whose abundance is increased by brassinosteroid treatment. Sequence analysis of pBRU1 revealed an open reading frame of 283 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 29 amino acids. The sequence had extensive homology (77% identity, 89% similarity) over 114 contiguous amino acids to the meri-5 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana (J.I. Medford, J.S. Elmer, H.J. Klee [1991] Plant Cell 3: 359-370), and significant homology (48% identity, 62% similarity) to a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase localized in the cell walls of nasturtium (J. de Silva, C.D. Jarman, D.A. Arrowsmith, M.S. Stronach, S. Chengappa, C. Sidebottom, J.S. Reid [1993] Plant J 3: 701-711). RNase protection studies showed that BRU1 transcript levels are not increased by 1.0 microM auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, or gibberellic acid and that BRU1 expression is highest in stem tissue. Findings from studies with run-on transcripts from isolated soybean nuclei most likely indicate that the regulation of BRU1 by brassinosteroids is largely posttranscriptional. The elevated levels of BRU1 transcripts in elongating tissue and the homology with a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase suggest a possible role for the BRU1 protein in brassinosteroid-stimulated elongation.
Biology of recently discovered cytokines: interleukin-17--a unique inflammatory cytokine with roles in bone biology and arthritis. (2004)

IL-17 and its receptor are founding members of an emerging family of cytokines and receptors with many unique characteristics. IL-17 is produced primarily by T cells, particularly those of the memory compartment. In contrast, IL-17 receptor is ubiquitously expressed, making nearly all cells potential targets of IL-17. Although it has only limited homology to other cytokines, IL-17 exhibits proinflammatory properties similar to those of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, particularly with respect to induction of other inflammatory effectors. In addition, IL-17 synergizes potently with other cytokines, placing it in the center of the inflammatory network. Strikingly, IL-17 has been associated with several bone pathologies, most notably rheumatoid arthritis.
Bovine Pancreatic Deoxyribonuclease A (1973)

The following sequence and the pairing of the half-cystine residues has been derived for bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease A. IO Garb.Leu-Lys-Ile-Alo-Alo-Phe-Asn-Ile-Arg-Thr-Phe-Gly-Glu-Thr-Lys-Met-Ser-i\sn-30 Alo-~~~-Leu-Alo-Ser-Tyr-Ile-Vol-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Asp-Ile-Vol-Leu-Ile-Glu-Gln-Vol-40 50 Arg-Asp-Ser-His-Leu-Val-Ala-Val-Gly-Lys-Leu-Leu-Asp-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Gln-Asp-Asp-60 70 ho-Asn-Thr-Tyr-His-Tyr-Val-Val-Ser-Glu-Pro-Leu-Gly-Arg-Asn-Ser-Tyr-Lys-Glu-80 90 Arg-Tyr-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe-Arg-Pro-Asn-Lys-Vol-Ser-Val-Leu-Asp-Thr-Tyr-Gln-Tyr-100 110 Asp-Asp-Gly-Cys-Glu-Ser-Cys-Gly-Asn-Asp-Ser-Phe-Ser-Arg-Glu-Pro-Al~-Val-Val-I I 130 Lys-Phe-Ser-Ser-His-Ser-Thr-Lys-Val-Lys-Glu-Phe-Ala-Ile-Val-Ala-Leu-His-Ser-140 150 Ala-Pro-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Ala-Glu-lle-Asn-Ser-Leu-Tyr-Asp-Val-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Val-160 170 Gln-Gln-Lys-Trp-His-Leu-Asn-Asp-Val-Mef-Leu-Met-Gly-Asp-Phe-Asn-Ala-Asp-Cys-180 Ser-Tyr-Val-Thr-Ser-Ser-Gln-Trp-Ser-Ser-Ile-Arg-Leu-Arg-Thr-Ser-Ser-Thr-Phe-190 zoo ' 1 Gln-Trp-Leu-Ile-Pro-Asp-Ser-Ala-Asp
Gastric Reacidification with Betaine HCl in Healthy Volunteers with Rabeprazole-Induced Hypochlorhydria (2013)

Previous studies have demonstrated that increased gastric pH from the use of acid-reducing agents, such as proton-pump inhibitors or H2-receptor antagonists, can significantly impact the absorption of weakly basic drugs that exhibit pH-dependent solubility. Clinically practical strategies to mitigate this interaction have not been developed. This pilot study evaluated the extent and time course of gastric reacidification after a solid oral dosage form of anhydrous betaine HCl in healthy volunteers with pharmacologically induced hypochlorhydria. Six healthy volunteers with baseline normochlorhydria (fasting gastric pH < 4) were enrolled in this single period study. Hypochlorhydria was induced via 20 mg oral rabeprazole twice daily for four days. On the fifth day, an additional 20 mg dose of oral rabeprazole was given and gastric pH was monitored continuously using the Heidelberg pH capsule. After gastric pH > 4 was confirmed for 15 min, 1500 mg of betaine HCl was given orally with 90 mL of water and gastric pH was continuously monitored for 2 h. Betaine HCl significantly lowered gastric pH by 4.5 (± 0.5) units from 5.2 (± 0.5) to 0.6 (± 0.2) (P < 0.001) during the 30 min interval after administration. The onset of effect of betaine HCl was rapid, with a mean time to pH < 3 of 6.3 (± 4.3) min. The reacidification period was temporary with a gastric pH < 3 and < 4 lasting 73 (± 33) and 77 (± 30) min, respectively. Betaine HCl was well tolerated by all subjects. In healthy volunteers with pharmacologically induced hypochlorhydria, betaine HCl was effective at temporarily lowering gastric pH. The rapid onset and relatively short duration of gastric pH reduction gives betaine HCl the potential to aid the absorption of orally administered weakly basic drugs that exhibit pH-dependent solubility when administered under hypochlorhydric conditions.
Dish/photovoltaic cavity converter (PVCC) system for ultimate solar-to-electricty conversion efficiency-general concept and first performance predictions (2003)

In this paper, United Innovations, Inc. (UI/sup 2/) presents the results of extensive analytical studies involving a radically new concentrator system based on the photovoltaic cavity converter (PVCC) concept under development. The objective of this project is to achieve an unprecedented solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 50% (half the sun) that will substantially reduce the cost of solar electricity. This R&D effort is supported by DOE/NREL with the purpose of demonstrating a 1.5 kW unit in the near term. The system considered is a dish/PVCC combination consisting of a primary concentrator, a secondary flux booster and a PVCC. Trapped flux inside the cavity undergoes spectral splitting via selective reflection/transmission by special Rugate filters. A four bandgap array inside the cavity consisting of four complementing III-V single-junction cell types achieves a collective conversion efficiency of 48.32% at 100 suns.
Artificial promoters for metabolic optimization (1998)

In this article, we review some of the expression systems that are available for Metabolic Control Analysis and Metabolic Engineering, and examine their advantages and disadvantages in different contexts. In a recent approach, artificial promoters for modulating gene expression in micro-organisms were constructed using synthetic degenerated oligonucleotides. From this work, a promoter library was obtained for Lactococcus lactis, containing numerous individual promoters and covering a wide range of promoter activities. Importantly, the range of promoter activities was covered in small steps of activity change. Promoter libraries generated by this approach allow for optimization of gene expression and for experimental control analysis in a wide range of biological systems by choosing from the promoter library promoters giving, e.g., 25%, 50%, 200%, and 400% of the normal expression level of the gene in question. If the relevant variable (e.g., the flux or yield) is then measured with each of these constructs, then one can calculate the control coefficient and determine the optimal expression level. One advantage of the method is that the construct which is found to have the optimal expression level is then, in principle, ready for use in the industrial fermentation process; another advantage is that the system can be used to optimize the expression of different enzymes within the same cell.
Adhesion molecules as therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection (2003)

Inflammatory disorders such as autoimmune diseases and graft rejection are mediated by activated leukocytes, particularly T lymphocytes, which penetrate the inflamed tissue and perpetuate or amplify the immune reaction. In an unstimulated state, leukocytes do not readily adhere to the vascular endothelium. However, inflammatory signals induce the expression of proteins on the endothelial cell surface that promote the adhesion and extravasation of activated immune cells from the circulation into the underlying tissues. Key among these molecules are P- and E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on the endothelial cells, and their respective counter receptors , P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), on the leukocytes. In vitro blockade of these molecules inhibits the adhesion of leukocytes. In many cases there is attenuation of leukocyte activation as well. Adhesion blockade in animal models prevents or ameliorates graft rejection and disease severity in autoimmune models. Clinical studies with humanised monoclonal antibodies which interfere with LFA-1/ICAM-1 or VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions have shown significant efficacy and good safety profiles in autoimmune disease, including psoriasis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, adhesion blockade is emerging as a useful therapeutic strategy in several inflammatory settings.
5-Hydroxytryptophan: a clinically-effective serotonin precursor. (1998)

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is the intermediate metabolite of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan (LT) in the biosynthesis of serotonin. Intestinal absorption of 5-HTP does not require the presence of a transport molecule, and is not affected by the presence of other amino acids; therefore it may be taken with meals without reducing its effectiveness. Unlike LT, 5-HTP cannot be shunted into niacin or protein production. Therapeutic use of 5-HTP bypasses the conversion of LT into 5-HTP by the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase, which is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of serotonin. 5-HTP is well absorbed from an oral dose, with about 70 percent ending up in the bloodstream. It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and effectively increases central nervous system (CNS) synthesis of serotonin. In the CNS, serotonin levels have been implicated in the regulation of sleep, depression, anxiety, aggression, appetite, temperature, sexual behaviour, and pain sensation. Therapeutic administration of 5-HTP has been shown to be effective in treating a wide variety of conditions, including depression, fibromyalgia, binge eating associated with obesity, chronic headaches, and insomnia.
Hydrogel–Electrospun Fiber Mat Composite Coatings for Neural Prostheses (2011)

Achieving stable, long-term performance of implanted neural prosthetic devices has been challenging because of implantation related neuron loss and a foreign body response that results in encapsulating glial scar formation. To improve neuron-prosthesis integration and form chronic, stable interfaces, we investigated the potential of neurotrophin-eluting hydrogel-electrospun fiber mat (EFM) composite coatings. In particular, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEGPCL) hydrogel-poly(ε-caprolactone) EFM composites were applied as coatings for multielectrode arrays. Coatings were stable and persisted on electrode surfaces for over 1 month under an agarose gel tissue phantom and over 9 months in a PBS immersion bath. To demonstrate drug release, a neurotrophin, nerve growth factor (NGF), was loaded in the PEGPCL hydrogel layer, and coating cytotoxicity and sustained NGF release were evaluated using a PC12 cell culture model. Quantitative MTT assays showed that these coatings had no significant toxicity toward PC12 cells, and neurite extension at day 7 and 14 confirmed sustained release of NGF at biologically significant concentrations for at least 2 weeks. Our results demonstrate that hydrogel-EFM composite materials can be applied to neural prostheses to improve neuron-electrode proximity and enhance long-term device performance and function.
A third synaptotagmin gene, Syt3, in the mouse. (1994)

The synaptotagmins are integral membrane proteins of synaptic vesicles thought to serve as Ca2+ sensors in the process of vesicular trafficking and exocytosis. Results from antibody microinjection and gene-disruption experiments have led to a controversy over whether synaptotagmins are essential for neurotransmission. However, the studies casting doubt on the role of synaptotagmins have assumed that no further isoforms of these molecules exist. Here we report the isolation of a third member of the synaptotagmin family (Syt3) from mouse brain. Although retaining the characteristic five-domain structure of the other synaptotagmins, SYT3 is considerably more divergent at the level of amino acid sequence. In the most highly conserved C2 domain, the mammalian synaptotagmins, SYT1 and SYT2, share 88% sequence identity, whereas SYT3 has only approximately 45% identity to either. Overall, SYT3 has the greatest sequence identity with rat SYT2 and marine ray p65A (both 37%), although homology to all of the known synaptotagmins is > 30%. However, SYT3 is most like p65C when comparing domain structure. Syt3 is expressed in many regions of the nervous system but is undetectable in extraneural tissues. The three murine synaptotagmins have differential expression patterns in the brain. Furthermore, in PC12 cells, Syt3 is coexpressed with Syt1 and is more abundant than the latter. This result suggests that individual neurons may have specific combinations of synaptotagmins that could provide for diversity in vesicular release.
A Personal Healthcare System with Inference-as-a-Service (2015)

The cost and effort for developing personal healthcare systems with IoT devices can be substantially high mainly due to complex inference capabilities. To tackle the problems, we proposed INFerence-as-a-Service (INFaaS) in our previous work. INFaaS is a cloud service which provides a core set of common functionality required to develop various context-aware applications. Since INFaaS is designed for generic purpose, its applicability and genericity should be verified in that sense. In this paper, we present a comprehensive case study of developing an IoT-based Personal Healthcare System with the INFaaS cloud framework. This system requires various inference algorithms to diagnose diseases with the acquired medical contexts, which will increase developers' overhead. We believe that a cloud service providing inference services such as INFaaS yields a tremendous benefits in terms of cost benefits.
Inhibition of Immune Checkpoints and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as Combination Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma: An Overview of Rationale, Preclinical Evidence, and Initial Clinical Data (2015)

The role of angiogenesis as a mediator of immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment has recently come into focus. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that immunotherapy can lead to immune-mediated vasculopathy in the tumor, suggesting that the tumor vasculature may be an important interface between the tumor-directed immune response and the cancer itself. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibition as an effective immunotherapeutic strategy for many cancers has led to a better understanding of this interface. While the inhibition of angiogenesis through targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been used successfully for the treatment of cancer for many years, the mechanisms of its anti-tumor activity remain poorly understood. Initial studies of the complex relationship between angiogenesis, VEGF signaling and the immune system suggest that the combination of immune checkpoint blockade with angiogenesis inhibition has potential. While the majority of this work has been performed in metastatic melanoma, immunotherapy is rapidly showing promise in a broad range of malignancies and efforts to enhance immunotherapy will broadly impact the future of oncology. Here, we review the preclinical rationale and clinical investigations of combined angiogenesis inhibition and immunotherapy/immune checkpoint inhibition as a potentially promising combinatorial approach for cancer treatment.
Quantitative sequence-activity models (QSAM)—tools for sequence design (1993)

Models have been developed that allow the biological activity of a DNA segment to be altered in a desired direction. Partial least squares projections to latent structures (PLS) was used to establish a quantitative model between a numerical description of 68 bp fragments of 25 E.coli promoters and their corresponding quantitative measure of in vivo strength. This quantitative sequence-activity model (QSAM) was used to generate two 68 bp fragments predicted to be more potent promoters than any of those on which the model originally was based. The optimized structures were experimentally verified to be strong promoters in vivo.
Rechnen mit Neuronalen Netzen: Wie funktionieren Neuronale Netze und wie werden sie trainiert? (1994)

Abstract Neuronale Netze sind auf dem besten Weg, sich als Werkzeug der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung zu etablieren. Ihre Anwendung bringt vor allem bei solchen Aufgaben Fortschritte, für die noch keine brauchbaren Algorithmen und damit auch keine zufriedenstellend funktionierenden Programme entwickelt werden konnten. Diesem Erfolg liegt die einfache Handhabung und breite Einsetzbarkeit zugrunde: Das Neuronale Netz muß nicht programmiert werden, sondern löst die gestellte Aufgabe anhand von Beispielen des gewünschten Verhaltens. Zu diesen funktionellen Aspekten kommt der der technischen Realisierung: Neuronale Netze lassen sich im Gegensatz zu den meisten der bewährten algorithmischen Verfahren leicht parallelisieren, eine für moderne Höchstleistungsrechner immer wichtiger werdende Eigenschaft. Der erste Teil dieses Beitrags behandelt die Funktionsweise von Neuronalen Netzen und das Trainieren. Im Juni‐Heft folgt ein zweiter Teil, der sich mit der technischen Implementierung befaßt.
Increasing the user's attention on the web (2012)

The World Wide Web has evolved into a widely used interactive application platform, providing information, products, and services. With eye trackers we envision that gaze information as an additional input channel can be used in the future to adapt and tailor web content (e.g., news, information, ads) towards the users' attention as they implicitly interact with web pages. We present a novel approach, which allows web content to be customized on-the-fly based on the the user's gaze behavior (dwell time, duration of fixations, and number of fixations). Our system analyzes the gaze path on a page and uses this information to create adaptive content on subsequent pages. As a proof-of-concept we report on a case study with 12 participants. We presented them both randomly chosen content (baseline) as well as content chosen based on their gaze-behavior. We found a significant increase of attention towards the adapted content and evidence for changes in the user attitude based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Vojenské vybavení bojové družiny před husitskou revolucí. Soubor militárií zhradu Orlík u Brandýsa nad Orlicí ve východních Čechách (2016)

Zanik hradu Orlik v k.u. Sudislav nad Orlici (Pardubický kraj, Ceska republika) byl na zakladě dosavadnich znalosti kladen na pocatek 14. stoleti. Detektorový průzkum provaděný zde v poslednich letech přinesl kolekci artefaktů dokladajicich život na hradě vedle tohoto obdobi take někdy na přelomu 14. a 15. stoleti. V souboru se vedle běžných předmětů (ostruhy, klice, nože, přezky, udidla, podkovy aj.)hojně objevuji militaria, mezi nimiž významne misto zaujimaji soucasti ochranne zbroje, jako lamely brigantiny, zlomek kyrysu a casti rukavice. Tyto předměty významným způsobem dovoluji nahlednout do vývoje ochranne zbroje na přelomu 14. a 15. stoleti ve středni Evropě. Prezentovane nalezy zaroveň dovoluji interpretovat zjistěnou situaci různými způsoby, mimo jine i jako misto pobytu lapkovske posadky, jejiž působeni na nedalekem hradě v Brandýse nad Orlici za Jana z Brandýsa a Boskovic dokladaji pisemne zpravy. Nevelký soubor vrcholně středověkých předmětů zjistěný na opacnem konci stejnojmenneho katastru v poloze „Plaňov“ pravděpodobně signalizuje přitomnost dobove komunikace.