gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variation in PCO2 between Arterial Blood and Peak Expired Gas during Anesthesia (1983)

Arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) can be continuously and noninvasively estimated by monitoring peak expired CO2 tension (PpeCO2). The practice of calibrating the estimate by an initial measurement of PaCO2 assumes that the difference in PCO2 tension between arterial blood and expired gas P(a-pe)CO2 remains constant. We examined the stability of P(a-pe)CO2 during anesthesia in 15 patients undergoing major surgery. Mean P(a-pe)CO2 values ranged from 0.8-7.9 torr with maximum P(a-pe)CO2 values ranging from 4.5-13.0 torr. Calibration of P(a-pe)CO2 based on a single initial measurement of PaCO2 often over- or underestimated PaCO2. Mean estimated PaCO2 from calibrated P(a-pe)CO2 varied from -7.9-6.4 torr with extreme estimates of -12.8-12.3 torr. No consistent correlation was shown between P(a-pe)CO2 and duration of anesthesia, variations in ventilation, blood pressure, blood-gas tensions, PpeCO2 or temperature. We conclude that estimation of PaCO2 by monitoring PpeCO2 is not invariably reliable.
Up-regulation of tumor interleukin-8 expression by infiltrating macrophages: its correlation with tumor angiogenesis and patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer. (2003)

The interaction between infiltrating macrophages and cancer cells up-regulates IL-8 mRNA expression, especially in the cancer cells; this may contribute greatly to the increased tumor angiogenesis and adverse outcome in NSCLC patients with a high density of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Anti-inflammatory agents can suppress the induction of IL-8 mRNA expression seen in lung cancer cells after coculture with macrophages, and this suppression is mediated, in part, through the NF-kappaB pathway.
Diagnosis of Suspicious Thyroid Nodules Using Four Protein Biomarkers (2006)

We improved this diagnostic test by adding C1orf24 and ITM1 custom antibodies and showing use on a wider variety of thyroid pathology. We recommend that testing of all four cancer biomarkers now be advanced to larger trials. Use of one or more of these antibodies should improve diagnostic accuracy of suspicious thyroid nodules from both tissue sections and FNA samples.
Exploring Spatial Diversity Techniques for Future Broadband Multicarrier Mobile Radio Systems (2002)

Abstract — In this paper, we investigate broadband OFDM systems which apply beamforming in combination with different space–time diversity techniques. Various beamforming scenarios with transmitter and/or receiver sided beamforming are considered. Space–time diversity is obtained by cyclic delay diversity (CDD) in order to artificially shape the spectrum of the received signal. Thus, an advantageous distribution of the errors before a Viterbi channel decoder is obtained. Simulation results for the bit error rate performance are presented and compared for OFDM systems applying different beamforming scenarios and CDD in a Rayleigh fading channel. Maximum ratio combining (MRC) of the signals received on multiple beams/antennas and inter-carrierinterference (ICI) is also taken into account in the performance analysis. I.
The Human Plasma Proteome (2004)

We have merged four different views of the human plasma proteome, based on different methodologies, into a single nonredundant list of 1175 distinct gene products. The methodologies used were 1) literature search for proteins reported to occur in plasma or serum; 2) multidimensional chromatography of proteins followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectroscopy (MS) identification of resolved proteins; 3) tryptic digestion and multidimensional chromatography of peptides followed by MS identification; and 4) tryptic digestion and multidimensional chromatography of peptides from low-molecular-mass plasma components followed by MS identification. Of 1,175 nonredundant gene products, 195 were included in more than one of the four input datasets. Only 46 appeared in all four. Predictions of signal sequence and transmembrane domain occurrence, as well as Genome Ontology annotation assignments, allowed characterization of the nonredundant list and comparison of the data sources. The "nonproteomic" literature (468 input proteins) is strongly biased toward signal sequence-containing extracellular proteins, while the three proteomics methods showed a much higher representation of cellular proteins, including nuclear, cytoplasmic, and kinesin complex proteins. Cytokines and protein hormones were almost completely absent from the proteomics data (presumably due to low abundance), while categories like DNA-binding proteins were almost entirely absent from the literature data (perhaps unexpected and therefore not sought). Most major categories of proteins in the human proteome are represented in plasma, with the distribution at successively deeper layers shifting from mostly extracellular to a distribution more like the whole (primarily cellular) proteome. The resulting nonredundant list confirms the presence of a number of interesting candidate marker proteins in plasma and serum.
Modulation of cell adhesion by modification of titanium surfaces with covalently attached self‐assembled monolayers (1990)

The surface of titanium has been modified by covalent attachment of an organic monolayer anchored by a siloxane network. This coating completely covers the metal and allows controlled modification of surface properties by the exposed chemical endgroups of the monolayer forming surfactant. The attachment of such a film allows different bulk materials (e.g., glass and titanium) to have identical surface properties and this can be used in regulating cell adhesion responses. This control over surface functionality can modulate the functions of fibronectin in regulating attachment and neurite formation by neuronal cells. The effect on bacterial adherence that is achieved by using such monolayers to vary surface hydrophilicity is also assessed.
Full-length prepro-alpha-factor can be translocated across the mammalian microsomal membrane only if translation has not terminated. (1988)

We have previously shown that fully synthesized prepro-alpha-factor (pp alpha F), the precursor for the yeast pheromone alpha-factor, can be translocated posttranslationally across yeast rough microsomal (RM) membranes from a soluble, ribosome-free pool. We show here that this is not the case for translocation of pp alpha F across mammalian RM. Rather we found that a small amount of translocation of full-length pp alpha F is observed, but is solely due to polypeptide chains that were still ribosome bound and covalently attached to tRNA, i.e., not terminated. In addition, both signal recognition particle (SRP) and SRP receptor are required, i.e., the same targeting machinery that is normally responsible for the coupling between protein synthesis and translocation. Thus, the molecular requirements for targeting are distinct from posttranslational translocation across yeast RM. As termination is generally regarded as part of translation, the translocation of full-length pp alpha F across mammalian RM does not occur "posttranslationally," albeit independent of elongation. Most other proteins for which posttranslational translocation across mammalian RM was previously claimed fall into the same category in that ribosome attachment as peptidyl-tRNA is required. To clearly separate these two distinct processes, we suggest that the term posttranslational be reserved for those processes that occur in the complete absence of the translational machinery. We propose the term "ribosome-coupled translocation" for the events described here.
Thermodynamics of internal C.T mismatches in DNA (1998)

Thermodynamics of 23 oligonucleotides with internal single C.T mismatches were obtained by measuring UV absorbance as a function of temperature. Results from these 23 duplexes were combined with three measurements from the literature to derive nearest-neighbor thermodynamic parameters for seven linearly independent trimer sequences with internal C.T mismatches. The data show that the nearest-neighbor model is adequate for predicting thermodynamics of oligonucleotides with internal C.T with average deviations for Delta G degrees37, Delta H degrees, Delta S degrees and T m of 6.4%, 9.9%, 10.6%, and 1.9 degreesC respectively. C.T mismatches destabilize the duplex in all sequence contexts. The thermodynamic contribution of C. T mismatches to duplex stability varies weakly depending on the orientation of the mismatch and its context and ranges from +1.02 kcal/mol for GCG/CTC and CCG/GTC to +1.95 kcal/mol for TCC/ATG.
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 3α Is Involved in the Constitutive Trafficking of Epidermal Langerhans Cells (1999)

Certain types of dendritic cells (DCs) appear in inflammatory lesions of various etiologies, whereas other DCs, e.g., Langerhans cells (LCs), populate peripheral organs constitutively. Until now, the molecular mechanism behind such differential behavior has not been elucidated. Here, we show that CD1a(+) LC precursors respond selectively and specifically to the CC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3alpha. In contrast, CD14(+) precursors of DC and monocytes are not attracted by MIP-3alpha. LCs lose the migratory responsiveness to MIP-3alpha during their maturation, and non-LC DCs do not acquire MIP-3alpha sensitivity. The notion that MIP-3alpha may be responsible for selective LC recruitment into the epidermis is further supported by the following observations: (a) MIP-3alpha is expressed by keratinocytes and venular endothelial cells in clinically normal appearing human skin; (b) LCs express CC chemokine receptor (CCR)6, the sole MIP-3alpha receptor both in situ and in vitro; and (c) non-LC DCs that are not found in normal epidermis lack CCR6. The mature forms of LCs and non-LC DCs display comparable sensitivity for MIP-3beta, a CCR7 ligand, suggesting that DC subtype-specific chemokine responses are restricted to the committed precursor stage. Although LC precursors express primarily CCR6, non-LC DC precursors display a broad chemokine receptor repertoire. These findings reflect a scenario where the differential expression of chemokine receptors by two different subpopulations of DCs determines their functional behavior. One type, the LC, responds to MIP-3alpha and enters skin to screen the epidermis constitutively, whereas the other type, the "inflammatory" DC, migrates in response to a wide array of different chemokines and is involved in the amplification and modulation of the inflammatory tissue response.
Enhanced Photoluminescence and Characterization of Mn-Doped ZnS Nanocrystallites Synthesized in Microemulsion (1997)

ZnS:Mn luminescent nanomaterials were first prepared in an inverse microemulsion at room temperature as well as under a hydrothermal condition. Mn-doped ZnS nanoparticles obtained are distributed from 3 to 18 nm in diameter as determined by transmission electron microscopy. The crystalline nature of the materials is clearly demonstrated by the X-ray diffraction results. Compared with Mn-doped ZnS materials synthesized through the conventional aqueous reaction, the nanoparticles prepared in a microemulsion show a significant enhancement in photoluminescence. In particular, the photoluminescence of particles prepared in microemulsion under hydrothermal treatment was found to be enhanced by a factor of 60 as compared to that of the material obtained through the direct aqueous reaction at room temperature. This dramatic increase in photoluminescence yield is attributed to the surface passivation of nanoparticles by the adsorption of surfactants in microemulsion, the formation of sphalerite with cubic zinc blende structure, and Mn migration into the interior lattice of ZnS host.
Calcium Phosphate-Based Osteoinductive Materials (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCalcium Phosphate-Based Osteoinductive MaterialsRacquel Zapanta LeGeros*View Author Information Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: (212) 998-9580. Fax: (212) 995-4244. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 11, 4742–4753Publication Date (Web):November 12, 2008Publication History Received2 July 2008Published online12 November 2008Published inissue 12 November 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr800427ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr800427greview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9783Altmetric-Citations976LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Biomaterials,Calcium,Hydroxyapatite,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Cannabis use in sickle cell disease: a questionnaire study (2005)

Cannabinoids are increasingly being considered for the management of various painful conditions, and could be considered as an option for treating acute pain in sickle cell disease (SCD). The objective of this study was to determine the extent of use of cannabis in the community for pain and other symptom relief, and its side effects during self-administration in patients with SCD. Patients attending Central Middlesex Hospital in London were invited to complete a structured self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Eighty-six young adults with HbSS, HbSC and HbSbetathalassaemia disease (median age 30 years) participated in the study. Results showed that 31 (36%) had used cannabis in the previous 12 months to relieve symptoms associated with SCD. The main route in all but two patients was by smoking. The main reasons for use were to reduce pain in 52%, and to induce relaxation or relieve anxiety and depression in 39%. Symptoms related to sedation and mood effects were reported in 77% of patients. The majority of patients (58%) expressed their willingness to participate in studies of cannabis as a medicine. We conclude that research in the use of cannabinoids for pain relief in SCD would be both important and acceptable to adult patients.
Ion assisted deposition of thermally evaporated Ag and Al films (1989)

Optical, electrical, and microstructural effects of Ar-ion bombardment and Ar incorporation on thermally evaporated Ag and Al thin films are investigated. The results show that as the momentum supplied to the growing films by the bombarding ions per arriving metal atom increases, the refractive index at 632.8 nm increases and the extinction coefficient decreases, lattice spacing expands, grain size decreases, electrical resistivity increases, and trapped Ar increases slightly. In Ag films, stress reverses from tensile to compressive and in Al films compressive stress increases. In the Al films the change in optical constants can be explained by the variation in void volume. The reversal of stress from tensile to compressive in Ag films requires a threshold level of momentum. The increase in electrical resistivity is related to the decrease in grain size and increase in trapped Ar in both types of film. Many of these properties correlate well with the momentum transferred, suggesting that the momentum is an important physical parameter in describing the influence of ion beam on growing thin films and determining the characteristics of thin metal films prepared by ion assisted deposition.
Gene Assessment and Sample Classification for Gene Expression Data Using a Genetic Algorithm / k-nearest Neighbor Method (2001)

Recent tools that analyze microarray expression data have exploited correlation-based approaches such as clustering analysis. We describe a new method for assessing the importance of genes for sample classification based on expression data. Our approach combines a genetic algorithm (GA) and the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) method to identify genes that jointly can discriminate between two types of samples (e.g. normal vs. tumor). First, many such subsets of differentially expressed genes are obtained independently using the GA. Then, the overall frequency with which genes were selected is used to deduce the relative importance of genes for sample classification. Sample heterogeneity is accommodated; that is, the method should be robust against the existence of distinct subtypes. We applied GA / KNN to expression data from normal versus tumor tissue from human colon. Two distinct clusters were observed when the 50 most frequently selected genes were used to classify all of the samples in the data sets stu died and the majority of samples were classified correctly. Identification of a set of differentially expressed genes could aid in tumor diagnosis and could also serve to identify disease subtypes that may benefit from distinct clinical approaches to treatment.
The Discovery of Australifungin, a Novel Inhibitor of Sphinganine N-Acyltransferase from Sporormiella australis. Producing Organism, Fermentation, Isolation, and Biological Activity. (1995)

Potent antifungal activity was detected in fermentation extracts of Sporormiella australis and two related components were isolated from solid fermentations using silica gel and high speed countercurrent chromatography. The most active antifungal component, australifungin, contained a unique combination of alpha-diketone and beta-ketoaldehyde functional groups. Australifungin exhibited broad spectrum antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi with MICs against Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus spp. between 0.015 and 1.0 microgram/ml. Mode of action studies revealed that australifungin interfered with fungal lipid metabolism by specifically inhibiting sphingolipid synthesis at the step converting sphinganine to ceramide.
Ecological modernisation around the world: An introduction (2000)

(2000). Ecological modernisation around the world: An introduction. Environmental Politics: Vol. 9, Ecological Modernisation Around the World Perspectives and Critical Debates, pp. 1-14.
Advances in Macrocyclic Gadolinium Complexes as Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents (1990)

From the Laboratoire Guerbet, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France. Meyer D, Schaefer M, Doucet D. Advances in macrocyclic gadolinium complexes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Invest Radiol 1990;25:S53-S55.
Intensities of Crystal Spectra of Rare-Earth Ions (1962)

Magnetic and electric dipole transitions between levels of the 4fx configuration perturbed by a static crystalline field are treated. The expression obtained for the pure-electronic electric-dipole transition probability involves matrix elements of an even-order unit tensor between the two 4fx states involved in the transition. The contributions to the transition probability from interactions, via the crystalline field, with the nd94fx−1, 4fx−1nd, 4fx−1ng configurations are shown to add linearly, in such a manner as to multiply each odd k crystal-field parameter Akq by a constant. If ``J mixing'' in the 4fx configuration is neglected ΔJ between the upper and lower 4fx levels is restricted to six units or less. If ``L mixing'' is neglected then ΔL is also restricted to six units or less. Application is made to the fluorescence spectra of PrCl3 and EuCl3. Many of the missing and weak transitions are explained.
The Evolution of the Human Head (2011)

In one sense, human heads function much like those of other mammals. We use them to chew, smell, swallow, think, hear, and so on. But, in other respects, the human head is quite unusual. Unlike other animals, even our great ape cousins, our heads are short and wide, very big brained, snoutless, largely furless, and perched on a short, nearly vertical neck. Daniel E. Lieberman sets out to explain how the human head works, and why our heads evolved in this peculiarly human way. Exhaustively researched and years in the making, this innovative book documents how the many components of the head function, how they evolved since we diverged from the apes, and how they interact in diverse ways both functionally and developmentally, causing them to be highly integrated. This integration not only permits the head's many units to accommodate each other as they grow and work, but also facilitates evolutionary change. Lieberman shows how, when, and why the major transformations evident in the evolution of the human head occurred. special way the head is integrated, Lieberman argues, made it possible for a few developmental shifts to have had widespread effects on craniofacial growth, yet still permit the head to function exquisitely. This is the first book to explore in depth what happened in human evolution by integrating principles of development and functional morphology with the hominin fossil record. The Evolution of the Human Head will permanently change the study of human evolution and has widespread ramifications for thinking about other branches of evolutionary biology.
Environmentally responsive MRI contrast agents (2013)

Biomedical imaging techniques can provide a vast amount of anatomical information, enabling diagnosis and the monitoring of disease and treatment profile. MRI uniquely offers convenient, non-invasive, high resolution tomographic imaging. A considerable amount of effort has been invested, across several decades, in the design of non toxic paramagnetic contrast agents capable of enhancing positive MRI signal contrast. Recently, focus has shifted towards the development of agents capable of specifically reporting on their local biochemical environment, where a switch in image contrast is triggered by a specific stimulus/biochemical variable. Such an ability would not only strengthen diagnosis but also provide unique disease-specific biochemical insight. This feature article focuses on recent progress in the development of MRI contrast switching with molecular, macromolecular and nanoparticle-based agents.
An Azido-BODIPY Probe for Glycosylation: Initiation of Strong Fluorescence upon Triazole Formation (2014)

We have designed a low fluorescent azido-BODIPY-based probe AzBOCEt (Az10) that undergoes copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with alkynes to yield strongly fluorescent triazole derivatives. The fluorescent quantum yield of a triazole product T10 is enhanced by 52-fold as compared to AzBOCEt upon excitation at a wavelength above 500 nm. Quantum mechanical calculations indicate that the increase in fluorescence upon triazole formation is due to the lowering of the HOMO energy level of the aryl moiety to reduce the process of acceptor photoinduced electron transfer. AzBOCEt is shown to label alkyne-functionalized proteins in vitro and glycoproteins in cells with excellent selectivity, and enables cell imaging and visualization of glycoconjugates in alkynyl-saccharide-treated cells at extremely low concentration (0.1 μM). Furthermore, the alkyne-tagged glycoproteins from cell lysates can be directly detected with AzBOCEt in gel electrophoresis.