gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Électrocapillarité et mouillage de films isolants par l'eau (1993)

Wetting of a solid insulator film (dielectric constant e, thickness e) by a water drop is favoured if a voltage V is applied between the drop and an electrode placed on the rear side of the film. The correction to the effective solid-liquid interfacial energy is-(1/2)(ee 0 /e)V 2 , and hydrophobic insulator surfaces become reversibly hydrophilic. The measured water contact angle on polymer films under a.c. voltages are in agreement with the theoretical predictions up to some field where the contact angle saturates. At high field the surface becomes irreversibly hydrophilic near the wetting line
Innovative Approaches to Plant Disease Control (1987)

Enhancing the Activity of Biological Control Agents Plant Growth Control by Fluorescent Pseudomonads Management of Take-all in Consecutive Crops of Wheat or Barley Soil Solarization Fungal Antagonism in Aerial Agrobiocenoses Trichoderma - Application, Mode of Action and Potential as a Biocontrol Agent of Soil-Borne Plant Pathogenic Fungi Alternative Methods of Controlling White Rot Disease of Allium Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and the Control of Fungal Root Diseases Genetic Manipulation to Improve the Effectiveness of Biocontrol Fungi for Plant Disease Control The Use of Agrocin-Producing Bacteria in the Biological Control of Crown Gall Biochemical Responses of Plants to Pathogens Plant Immunization and its Applicability for Disease Control Biochemical Control of Forest Pathogens Inside the Tree Perspectives in the Control of Plant Viruses Genetic Traits to be Manipulated in Plants Regarding Resistance Toward Viral Infections An Improved System for Biological Control of Damping- off by Using Plasmids in Fungi Genetic Engineering for Plant Disease Resistance Index.
Developmental expression of four novel serine/threonine kinase receptors homologous to the activin/transforming growth factor‐β type II receptor family (1993)

Serine/threonine kinase transmembrane proteins are a new family of growth factor signal transducers that includes several isoforms of the activin type II receptor and the type II receptor for transforming growth factor-beta. In an effort to clone the receptor for Mullerian inhibiting substance, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, oligonucleotide primers designed from conserved regions of these receptors' kinase domains were used for PCR amplification of fetal rat urogenital ridge cDNA. We isolated four novel receptors in this manner (designated R1-R4), each of which has structural features of the previously cloned kinases, including a small extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single hydrophobic transmembrane domain, and an intracellular serine/threonine kinase domain. In addition, each has characteristic kinase subdomains and conserved serine/threonine kinase sequences found in this family. Northern analysis revealed mRNA expression of R1-R4 in several tissues, including fetal urogenital ridge, testis, and ovary, as well as brain and lung. In situ hybridization further localized R1 to mesenchyme of the 14.5 to 15-day fetal rat Mullerian duct and to oocytes of preantral and antral follicles, sites that are consistent with the predicted localization of Mullerian inhibiting substance receptor. In addition, R2 localized specifically to seminiferous tubules of the postnatal testis. These newest members of the activin and transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor family should help define the molecular mechanisms by which this ligand superfamily affects cell growth and differentiation via membrane phosphorylation.
The Protective Efficacy of Haemophilus b Polysaccharide Vaccine (1988)

To assess the protective efficacy of the Haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine, a case-control study was conducted in Connecticut, Dallas County, and greater Pittsburgh. Seventy-six children 24 to 72 months of age who had H influenzae type b isolated from normally sterile sites from August 1985 through July 1987 were enrolled. For each case two controls, matched by age and place of residence, were randomly selected from the records of all live births in the area. Antecedent receipt of the Haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine was ascertained from the records of all physicians and clinics at which the subjects received medical care. Overall, 12% of the cases and 39% of the controls had received the vaccine. The estimate of the protective efficacy of the vaccine was 88% overall (95% confidence interval, 74% to 96%) and 91% (95% confidence interval, 71% to 99%), 92% (95% confidence interval, 76% to 99%), and 81% (95% confidence interval, 45% to 96%) in Connecticut, Dallas County, and greater Pittsburgh, respectively. The estimates were not substantially affected by adjusting with logistic regression for differences between the cases and controls in race and the attendance of group day care. We conclude that the Haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine is highly effective in these areas among children who receive the vaccine when they are 24 months of age or older.
Coupling surfactants/cosolvents with oxidants for enhanced DNAPL removal: A review (2010)

Abstract Surfactants and cosolvents are useful for enhancing the apparent solubility of dense nonaqueous‐phase liquid (DNAPL) compounds during surfactant‐enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR). In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with permanganate, persulfate, and catalyzed hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a cost‐effective and viable remediation technology for the treatment of a wide range of organic contaminants. Coupling compatible remedial technologies either concurrently or sequentially in a treatment train is an emerging concept for more effective cleanup of DNAPL‐contaminated sites. Surfactants are effective for DNAPL mass removal but not useful for dissolved plume treatment. ISCO is effective for plume control and treatment but can be less effective in areas where large masses of DNAPL are present. Therefore, coupling SEAR with ISCO is a logical next step for source‐zone treatment. This article provides a critical review of peer‐reviewed scientific literature, nonreviewed professional journals, and conference proceedings where surfactants/cosolvents and oxidants have been utilized, either concurrently or sequentially, for DNAPL mass removal. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NOV (CCN3) Functions as a Regulator of Human Hematopoietic Stem or Progenitor Cells (2007)

Clinically successful hematopoietic cell transplantation is dependent on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Here we identify the matricellular protein Nephroblastoma Overexpressed (Nov, CCN3) as being essential for their functional integrity. Nov expression is restricted to the primitive (CD34) compartments of umbilical vein cord blood, and its knockdown in these cells by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference abrogates their function in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, forced expression of Nov and addition of recombinant Nov protein both enhance primitive stem and/or progenitor activity. Taken together, our results identify Nov (CCN3) as a regulator of human hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells.
Effects of probiotics and antibiotics on the intestinal homeostasis in a computer controlled model of the large intestine (2012)

Administration of VSL#3 parallel with the clindamycin therapy had a beneficial and stabilizing effect on the intestinal metabolic homeostasis by decreasing toxic metabolites and protecting the endogenic microbiota from destruction. Probiotics could be a reasonable strategy in prevention of antibiotic associated disturbances of the intestinal homeostasis and disorders.
Mass-Limited Growth in Zeptoliter Beakers:  A General Approach for the Synthesis of Nanocrystals (2004)

Nanoscale fabrication methods provide a unique approach to synthesize nanoscale materials. Laser-assisted embossing was used to generate close-packed arrays of hemispherical nanowells with zeptoliter (zL) volumes. The volumes of the nanowells were controlled by changing the fluence of the laser, by applying variable pressure between the mold and the substrate, and by growing an amorphous oxide on the patterned silicon. Nanowells with diameters as small as 50 nm were used as reaction vessels for the preparation of simple inorganic salts and semiconducting nanocrystals. Under most growth conditions, individual nanocrystals were formed in individual nanowells.
Remarkable Bromination and Blue Emission of 9-Anthracenyl Pt(II) Complexes (2009)

Contrary to expectations, molecular bromine addition to trans-Pt(Br)(9-anthracenyl)(PEt(3))(2) does not result in Pt oxidation or Pt-C bond cleavage but rather in selective multiple bromination of the anthracenyl ligand. The resulting complexes are highly photoluminescent in the blue region due to triplet-triplet annihilation induced delayed fluorescence from the anthracene.
TLR9 agonist acts by different mechanisms synergizing with bevacizumab in sensitive and cetuximab-resistant colon cancer xenografts (2007)

Synthetic agonists of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a class of agents that induce specific immune response, exhibit antitumor activity and are currently being investigated in cancer patients. Intriguingly, their mechanisms of action on tumor growth and angiogenesis are still incompletely understood. We recently discovered that a synthetic agonist of TLR9, immune modulatory oligonucleotide (IMO), acts by impairing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and potently synergizes with anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab in GEO human colon cancer xenografts, whereas it is ineffective in VEGF-overexpressing cetuximab-resistant GEO cetuximab-resistant (GEO-CR) tumors. VEGF is activated by EGFR, and its overexpression causes resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Therefore, we used IMO and the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab as tools to study IMO's role on EGFR and angiogenesis and to explore its therapeutic potential in GEO, LS174T, and GEO-CR cancer xenografts. We found that IMO enhances the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity of cetuximab, that bevacizumab has no ADCC, and IMO is unable to enhance it. Nevertheless, the IMO-plus-bevacizumab combination synergistically inhibits the growth of GEO and LS174T as well as of GEO-CR tumors, preceded by inhibition of signaling protein expression, microvessel formation, and human, but not murine, VEGF secretion. Moreover, IMO inhibited the growth, adhesion, migration, and capillary formation of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells. The antitumor activity was irrespective of the TLR9 expression on tumor cells. These studies demonstrate that synthetic agonists of TLR9 interfere with growth and angiogenesis also by EGFR- and ADCC-independent mechanisms affecting endothelial cell functions and provide a strong rationale to combine IMO with bevacizumab and EGFR inhibitory drugs in colon cancer patients.
Cooperative E‐box regulation of human GLI1 by TWIST and USF (2002)

Sonic hedgehog signaling plays a critical role in vertebrate patterning, and signaling defects are associated with severe birth defects and cancer in man. GLI1 encodes a critical transcription activator in this pathway. GLI1 is expressed in human basal cell carcinomas and sarcomas. Despite the significance of the GLI1 gene in human disease, few immediate upstream regulators of GLI1 expression are known. We previously demonstrated that a 5' region, including 5' flanking sequence, an untranslated exon, and 425 bp of the first intron, regulates the human GLI1 gene. Here we show that inactivating mutations in E-box, GC box, AP-2, GATA, GSG, PuF, and Zeste sites identified three critical regulatory elements, including a GC box that binds Sp1 and two intronic E-boxes that bind USF proteins or Twist. Expression of Twist but not a frame shift mutation of Twist activates the wild-type human GLI1 regulatory sequences but not with inactivating mutations of the E-boxes. Twist activates GLI1 reporter expression through E-box +482 but requires binding of USF proteins to E-box +157. Twist mutations cause human birth defects and Twist is overexpressed in many rhabdomyosarcomas, suggesting that one of Twist's primary roles is the regulation of GLI1.
Crowdsourcing location information to improve indoor localization (2010)

Recent research has shown that location fingerprinting has many advantages when it comes to indoor localization using existing infrastructures.However, the main problem of location fingerprinting is the collection of large sets of fingerprints, which is costly in terms of time and effort.The Redpin indoor localization system utilizes a crowdsourcing approach where the users themselves can add fingerprints to the system, thus training and using the system at the same time.This research has two major goals.The first is to analyze the characteristics and thus implications of taking a large number of measurements over a long period of time.The second goal is to investigate various mechanisms for creating applications and incentives which motivate users to contribute fingerprints continuously and consistently.
Pharmacologic Manipulation of the Labyrinth with Novel and Traditional Agents Delivered to the Inner Ear (2003)

We describe the methodology and rationale behind the delivery of therapeutic medicines to the inner ear. The inner ear has long been impervious to pharmacologic manipulation. This is most likely the result of a protective mechanism called the blood-labyrinth barrier, whose function closely resembles that of the blood-brain barrier. This protective barrier impedes the clinician's ability to treat inner ear diseases with systemically administered medications. Since 1935, otolaryngologists have attempted to manipulate the inner ear with trans-tympanically injected medicines. Success has varied widely, but medicinal ablation of vestibular function can be achieved in this manner. Unfortunately, the auditory system is also at great risk from any medicine that is delivered to the inner ear via the middle ear. Over the past 10 years, significant improvements in drug delivery have allowed for more "titratable" treatment, which has reduced (but not eliminated) the risk of permanent hearing loss. In this article, we discuss both novel and time-tested methods of delivering medicines to the inner ear. We also review the classes of medications that alter inner ear function and the attendant risks of such treatments.
Amplification of chromosomal region 20q13 in invasive breast cancer: prognostic implications. (1995)

Amplification of the chromosome 20q13 region was recently discovered in breast cancer by comparative genomic hybridization and subsequently further defined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with specific probes. The target gene of the amplification remains unknown. Here, fluorescence in situ hybridization with a cosmid probe for the minimal region of amplification (RMC20C001) was used to study 20q13 amplification in 132 primary breast carcinomas and 11 metastases. The size of the amplicon was studied with four flanking probes. Thirty-eight (29%) primary tumors and 3 (27%) metastases showed increased copy number of the RMC20C001 probe (>1.5-fold relative to the p-arm control). Nine (6.8%) of the primary tumors were highly (>3-fold) amplified. Although the size and location of the amplified region varied from one tumor to another, only the RMC20C001 probe was consistently amplified. 20q13 amplification was significantly associated with a high histological grade (P = 0.01), DNA aneuploidy (P = 0.01), and high S-phase fraction (P = 0.0085). High-level amplification was also associated with short disease-free survival of patients with node-negative breast cancer (P = 0.002). We conclude that high-level 20q13 amplification may be an indicator of poor clinical outcome in node-negative breast cancer and that this chromosomal region is likely to contain a gene with an important role in breast cancer progression. A large definitive study is warranted to assess the independent prognostic value of 20q13 amplification.
Mutual inductance extraction and the dipole approximation (2004)

The present work is centered in the controversy between two approaches to inductance extraction: loop vs. partial treatments for IC applications. We advocate for the first one, justifying this claim in terms of representing more realistically the physical situation, as well as having better sparseness properties. We argue that the drawbacks of loop inductance treatment are small for frequencies above 1 GHz. Within the loop inductance formulation, we develop an efficient way of calculating mutual inductances between loops in terms of the field generated by a magnetic dipole. On numerical simulations, the dipole approximation shows good accuracy when compared to FastHenry, down to distances of 30μ for 0.13μ processes. The dipole approximation leads naturally to selection rules for discarding certain couplings that can be experimentally verified.
Molecular Tools for the Analysis of Cell Adhesion (1994)

AbstractAdvances in cell adhesion research have often been linked to technological advances. The development of monoclonal antibody technology allowed the definition of the molecular components of cell adhesion and pointed to the complexity of the leukocyte cell surface (Knapp & Gilks, 1989); previously only the erythrocyte had been subjected to attempts at detailed analysis of membrane associated molecules (Steck, 1974). It was also possible to use selection strategies to produce antibodies that could perturb functional properties of the antigens they recognise. The interaction between the T cell surface molecule CD2 and its natural ligand LFA-3 was defined by monoclonal antibodies which blocked adhesion and the same antibodies have allowed large scale purification of these proteins for detailed in vitro studies (Dustin & Springer, 1991).Key Words: cloningICAM-3CD44soluble CAMs
Synthesis and Enzymatic Deprotection of Fully Protected 2′‐5′ Oligoadenylates (2‐5A): Towards a Prodrug Strategy for Short 2‐5A (2012)

Abstract Fully protected pA2′p5′A2′p5′A trimers 1a and 1b have been prepared as prodrug candidates for a short 2′‐5′ oligoadenylate, 2‐5A, and its 3′‐ O ‐Me analog, respectively. The kinetics of hog liver carboxyesterase (HLE)‐triggered deprotection in HEPES buffer (pH 7.5) at 37° has been studied. The deprotection of 1a turned out to be very slow, and 2‐5A never appeared in a fully deprotected form. By contrast, a considerable proportion of 1b was converted to the desired 2‐5A trimer, although partial removal of the 3′‐ O ‐[(acetyloxy)methyl] group prior to exposure of the adjacent phosphodiester linkage resulted in 2′,5′→3′,5′ phosphate migration and release of adenosine as side reactions.
Involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in rituximab-induced interstitial lung disease: a case report (2014)

This is the first report confirmed the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in pulmonary toxicity of rituximab. Inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung by steroid treatment could reverse R-ILD and block subsequent lung fibrosis. This result could open a new sight into the pathogenesis and provide a new target for the treatment of R-ILD.
ORIGA<sup>-light</sup>: An online retinal fundus image database for glaucoma analysis and research (2010)

Retinal fundus image is an important modality to document the health of the retina and is widely used to diagnose ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, the enormous amount of retinal data obtained nowadays mostly stored locally; and the valuable embedded clinical knowledge is not efficiently exploited. In this paper we present an online depository, ORIGA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-light</sup> , which aims to share clinical groundtruth retinal images with the public; provide open access for researchers to benchmark their computer-aided segmentation algorithms. An in-house image segmentation and grading tool is developed to facilitate the construction of ORIGA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-light</sup> . A quantified objective benchmarking method is proposed, focusing on optic disc and cup segmentation and Cup-to-Disc Ratio (CDR). Currently, ORIGA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-light</sup> contains 650 retinal images annotated by trained professionals from Singapore Eye Research Institute. A wide collection of image signs, critical for glaucoma diagnosis, are annotated. We will update the system continuously with more clinical ground-truth images. ORIGA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-light</sup> is available for online access upon request.
Low temperature (800°C) recessed junction selective silicon-germanium source/drain technology for sub-70 nm CMOS (2002)

We present a novel, low-temperature source/drain junction and contact formation technology applicable to sub-70 nm CMOS. In this process, in-situ boron doped SiGe is selectively deposited at 500/spl deg/C in the source/drain windows recessed to the desired junction depth. The technology meets the NTRS roadmap requirements for (i) junction depth/sheet resistance (<100 /spl Omega//sq. for 30 nm junctions), (ii) ultra-low resistivity contacts (1.5/spl times/10/sup -8/ /spl Omega/-cm/sup 2/), (iii) excellent reverse leakage characteristics (less than 1% of the I/sub OFF/ budget), (iv) perfect box-shaped lateral abruptness and (v) thermal integration compatibility with high-k gate dielectrics using the conventional (gate-last) CMOS process flow.
Isolation of virus-neutralizing RNAs from a large pool of random sequences. (1995)

RNA and ribonuclease-resistant RNA analogs that bound and neutralized Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) were isolated from a large pool of random sequences by multiple cycles of in vitro selection using infectious viral particles. The selected RNA pool of RSV-binding sequences at a concentration of 0.16 microM completely neutralized the virus. Of 19 sequences cloned from the selected pool, 5 inhibited RSV infection. The selected RNA and RNA analogs were shown to neutralize RSV by interacting with the virus, rather than by adversely affecting the host cells. The selection of the anti-RSV RNA and RNA analogs by intact virions immediately suggests the potential application of this approach to develop RNA and RNA analogs as inhibitors of other viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus.
Item-based top-Nrecommendation algorithms (2004)

The explosive growth of the world-wide-web and the emergence of e-commerce has led to the development of recommender systems ---a personalized information filtering technology used to identify a set of items that will be of interest to a certain user. User-based collaborative filtering is the most successful technology for building recommender systems to date and is extensively used in many commercial recommender systems. Unfortunately, the computational complexity of these methods grows linearly with the number of customers, which in typical commercial applications can be several millions. To address these scalability concerns model-based recommendation techniques have been developed. These techniques analyze the user--item matrix to discover relations between the different items and use these relations to compute the list of recommendations.In this article, we present one such class of model-based recommendation algorithms that first determines the similarities between the various items and then uses them to identify the set of items to be recommended. The key steps in this class of algorithms are (i) the method used to compute the similarity between the items, and (ii) the method used to combine these similarities in order to compute the similarity between a basket of items and a candidate recommender item. Our experimental evaluation on eight real datasets shows that these item-based algorithms are up to two orders of magnitude faster than the traditional user-neighborhood based recommender systems and provide recommendations with comparable or better quality.