gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Keyword spotting based system for conversation fostering in tabletop scenarios: Preliminary evaluation (2009)

In this paper, a speech-interfaced system for fostering group conversations is proposed. The system captures conversation keywords, and shows visual stimuli in a tabletop display. A stimulus can be a feedback to the current conversation or a cue to discuss new topics. This work briefly describes the overall system architecture, and then explains details about the design choices and implementation of the speech processing unit (SPU). The performance of the keyword spotter, part of the SPU, is measured in experiments carried out in a realistic scenario. Results demonstrate that the proposed SPU is suitable for tracking conversation topics and so fostering group conversations by visualizing appropriate stimuli.
Complex Fluids Based on the Flexible One-Dimensional Mineral Polymers [K(MPS4)] (M=Ni, Pd): Autofragmentation to Concave, Cyclic (PPh4)3[(NiPS4)3] (1998)

A remarkable autofragmentation/rearrangement sequence results in the unprecedented formation of inorganic concave cyclic anion [(NiPS4)3]3− (structure shown on the right) upon dissolving the potassium salt of the charged mineral polymer 1∞[NiPS4]− in DMF; the initial complex fluid has a transient anisotropic texture that can be identified by optical microscopy under polarized light. In contrast, the complex fluid that results upon dissolving 1∞[PdPS4]− is stable up to 323 K as persistent, flexible, charged chains.
Assignment of the human heart tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated Na<sup>+</sup> channel α-subunit gene (SCN5A) to band 3p21 (1995)

The chromosomal location of SCN5A, the gene encoding the principal voltage-gated Na+ channel expressed in human heart, has been determined by three independent methodologies: somatic cell hybrid mapping, chromosomal microdissection-polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The SCN5A gene was assigned to the short arm of chromosome 3 (band 3p21) by all three approaches. These data are further evidence that striated muscle Na+ channel genes are dispersed in the genome.
Presence of prion protein in peripheral tissues of Libyan Jews with Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (1992)

The prion protein (PrP) gene on chromosome 20 encodes a protein designated PrPC. An abnormal, protease-resistant isoform of PrPC, denoted PrPCJD or PrPSc, is present in the brains of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). In Libyan Jews, CJD segregates with a point mutation at codon 200 of the PrP gene, resulting in the substitution of lysine for glutamate. In the present study, we examined the presence of PrP in fibroblasts and leukocytes derived from eight CJD patients with the codon 200 mutation. In cultured fibroblasts as well as in leukocytes, there was a significant increase in PrP as judged by immunocytochemistry in addition to immunoblotting. Most of the PrP in fibroblasts and leukocytes could be released from the external surface by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, a property characteristic of PrPC. In leukocytes only, part of the protein was protease resistant, resembling PrPCJD. The concentration of PrP mRNA was similar in fibroblast lines derived from controls and CJD patients. These results suggest that in CJD patients carrying a mutation at codon 200 of the PrP gene, the metabolism of PrP, rather than PrP synthesis, is abnormal.
Development of a fiber Bragg grating sensor for in-shoe shear stress measurement: design and preliminary results (2000)

In-shoe shear stress sensors are a required tool for the investigation of plantar ulcer development after the onset of diabetes. Recently, several transducers have been developed for measuring in-shoe shear stress using magneto- resistive technology, light intensity modulation, and copolymer piezoelectric materials. Common drawbacks in the previous methods are the relatively large size of the sensors and the difficulty in interrogating many sensors simultaneously in order to achieve distributed sensing. In this paper we demonstrate for the first time a shear stress sensor using Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The small size and the multiplexing capability of FBGs enables quasi- distributed sensing of shear stress on the plantar surface by interrogating a large number of identical sensors. The sensor design is based on the theory of elastic bending of columns. The sensor consists of two FBGs fitted inside a metallic structure which is able to deform elastically under shear stress. This elastic deformation produces strain on the FBGs, which can be detected by measuring the Bragg wavelength shift of the reflected light of each FBG using a CCD spectrometer. Preliminary results on an enlarged version of the sensor have shown the applicability of FBGs for the implementation of the in-shoe sensor.
Knowing what is known: Accessing craft-based meanings in research by artists (2013)

Much of the work of artists relies on tacit or inert understanding of their craft and consequently communicating this knowledge is not necessarily easy or straightforward. This presents many challenges for art-based researchers. It also presents teaching and learning challenges involved in developing appropriate education and training to prepare artists. Arts practitioners have ways of knowing about themselves as ‘artists’ and it is argued in this commentary that these have grown out of their own deep and personally significant experiences. The ways in which this knowledge is rendered also appears to be based in practical experience – that is, in particular communities of practice. Artists may typically express values and concepts that are practice based, are difficult to express in theoretical terms and reflect what is deemed by them as desirable or preferable conditions for the execution of their art form. Socially and artistically constructed ways of knowing are formed in practice and through practice as craft-based meanings. Craft-based ways of knowing are founded on particular meanings inherent in practice that are often difficult to communicate. By drawing upon the author’s own research into practical actor training, this exposition attempts to capture the particular types of knowledge artists possess and why these may present challenges for researchers in using more open-ended methodologies whilst ensuring they provide validity. In doing so, this exposition also examines the fundamental question of what represents ‘evidence’ in art-based research – knowing what is known
VisualFlamenco: Faceted Browsing for Visual Features (2007)

Faceted search as a method for explorative search is a search interface technique for Boolean retrieval that provides a good compromise between the wish to guide the user and the need to give freedom to the user. Both guidance and freedom are needed order to enable him or her accomplish his or her search goal as quickly and efficiently as possible. The search goal can be both a target image (lookup search) or to get an overview of a collection as the basis for accomplishing complex search tasks (exploratory search). The topic of this demo is bringing content-based im- age retrieval and faceted search together. While there is some preexisting work towards faceted search based on automatically extracted metadata, the base innova- tion of our work is to visualize the meaning of facets and let the user pick visualized facets directly. We feel that this way of search gives the user the opportunity to choose the features important for the search. The user sees intuitively which features are available. The present prototype is based on the original Fla- menco prototype for text-based faceted search from Berkeley.
AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting (1995)

A novel DNA fingerprinting technique called AFLP is described. The AFLP technique is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic DNA. The technique involves three steps: (i) restriction of the DNA and ligation of oligonucleotide adapters, (ii) selective amplification of sets of restriction fragments, and (iii) gel analysis of the amplified fragments. PCR amplification of restriction fragments is achieved by using the adapter and restriction site sequence as target sites for primer annealing. The selective amplification is achieved by the use of primers that extend into the restriction fragments, amplifying only those fragments in which the primer extensions match the nucleotides flanking the restriction sites. Using this method, sets of restriction fragments may be visualized by PCR without knowledge of nucleotide sequence. The method allows the specific co-amplification of high numbers of restriction fragments. The number of fragments that can be analyzed simultaneously, however, is dependent on the resolution of the detection system. Typically 50-100 restriction fragments are amplified and detected on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. The AFLP technique provides a novel and very powerful DNA fingerprinting technique for DNAs of any origin or complexity.
Pheromone-induced signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the sequential function of three protein kinases. (1993)

Protein phosphorylation plays an important role in pheromone-induced differentiation processes of haploid yeast cells. Among the components necessary for signal transduction are the STE7 and STE11 kinases and either one of the redundant FUS3 and KSS1 kinases. FUS3 and presumably KSS1 are phosphorylated and activated during pheromone induction by a STE7-dependent mechanism. Pheromone also induces the accumulation of STE7 in a hyperphosphorylated form. This modification of STE7 requires the STE11 kinase, which is proposed to act before STE7 during signal transmission. Surprisingly, STE7 hyperphosphorylation also requires a functional FUS3 (or KSS1) kinase. Using in vitro assays for FUS3 phosphorylation, we show that pheromone activates STE7 even in the absence of FUS3 and KSS1. Therefore, STE7 activation must precede modification of FUS3 (and KSS1). These findings suggest that STE7 hyperphosphorylation is a consequence of its activation but not the determining event.
Static-noise margin analysis of MOS SRAM cells (1987)

The stability of both resistor-load (R-load) and full-CMOS SRAM cells is investigated analytically as well as by simulation. Explicit analytic expressions for the static-noise margin (SNM) as a function of device parameters and supply voltage are derived. The expressions are useful in predicting the effect of parameter changes on the stability as well as in optimizing the design of SRAM cells. An easy-to-use SNM simulation method is presented, the results of which are in good agreement with the results predicted by the analytic SNM expressions. It is further concluded that full-CMOS cells are much more stable than R-local cells at a low supply voltage.
Strong induction of iodothyronine deiodinases by chemotherapeutic selenocompounds (2015)

The biological activity of thyroid hormones (TH) is regulated by selenoenzymes of the iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO) family catalysing TH activating and inactivating reactions. Besides TH metabolism, several studies indicate an important role of DIO isoenzymes in tumorigenesis and cancer growth. It is therefore of therapeutic importance to identify modulators of DIO expression. We have synthesized and studied a series of selenocompounds containing a methyl- or benzyl-imidoselenocarbamate backbone. One of these novel compounds had chemotherapeutic activities in a murine xenograft tumour model by an unknown mechanism. Therefore, we tested their effects on DIO expression in vitro. In HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells, DIO1 activity was strongly (up to 10-fold) increased by the methyl- but not by the corresponding benzyl-imidoselenocarbamates. Steady-state mRNA levels remained unaltered under these conditions indicating a post-transcriptional mode of action. The effects were further characterized in HEK293 cells stably expressing DIO1, DIO2 or DIO3. Even within the artificial genetic context of the expression vectors, all three DIO isoenzymes were up-regulated by the methyl- and to a lesser extent by the benzyl-imidoselenocarbamates. Consistent stimulating effects were observed with methyl-N,N'-di(quinolin-3-ylcarbonyl)-imidoselenocarbamate (EI201), a selenocompound known for its anti-tumour activity. DIO inducing effects were unrelated to the intracellular accumulation of selenium, yet the precise mode of action remains elusive. Collectively, our data highlight that these selenocompounds may constitute interesting pharmacological compounds for modifying DIO expression potentially affecting the balance between cell differentiation and proliferation.
Comparisons of channel assignment strategies in cellular mobile telephone systems (2003)

Two new channel assignment strategies are proposed. They are the locally optimized dynamic assignment (LODA) strategy and the borrowing with directional channel locking (BDCL) strategy. Their performance is compared with the fixed assignment (FA) strategy (currently used on certain systems) and the borrowing with channel ordering (BCO) strategy (the stability that has given the lowest blocking probability in previous research). Computer simulations on a 49-cell network for both uniform and nonuniform traffic show that the average call-blocking probability of the BDCL strategy is always the lowest. The LODA performance is comparable with BCO under nonuniform traffic conditions but is inferior under uniform traffic conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prediction of Infarction in Acute Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Using Perfusion MR Imaging and 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT (2002)

Purpose : We investigated the predictive values of relative CBV measured with perfusion MR imaging, and relative CBF measured with SPECT for tissue outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Material and Methods : Thirteen patients, who had acute unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion, underwent perfusion MR imaging, and SPECT within 6 hours after the onset of symptoms. Lesion-to-contralateral ratios of perfusion parameters were measured, and best cut-off values of both parameter ratios with their accuracy to discriminate between regions with and without evolving infarction were calculated. Results : Mean relative CBV ratios in regions with evolving infarction and without evolving infarction were and (p and (p 0.05 between two parameters). Conclusion Measurement of relative CBV and relative CBE may be useful in predicting tissue outcome in acute ischemic stroke.
Circulating tumor cells as early predictors of metastatic spread in breast cancer patients with limited metastatic dissemination (2014)

Our results suggest that baseline CTC counts can be used as an early predictor of metastatic potential in breast cancer patients with limited metastatic dissemination.
Activation of Cdc2/cyclin B and inhibition of centrosome amplification in cells depleted of Plk1 by siRNA (2002)

The events of the cell cycle, the stages at which the cell proliferates and divides, are facilitated and controlled by multiple signaling pathways. Among the many regulatory enzymes that contribute to these processes is the polo-like kinase (Plk). Plks have been reported to mediate multiple mitotic processes, including bipolar spindle formation, activation of Cdc25C, actin ring formation, centrosome maturation, and activation of the anaphase-promoting complex. To investigate its functions in mammalian cells further, we used the recently developed small interfering RNA technique specifically to deplete Plk1 in cultured cells. We find that Plk1 depletion results in elevated Cdc2 protein kinase activity and thus attenuates cell-cycle progression. About 45% of cells treated with Plk1 small interfering RNA show the formation of a dumbbell-like DNA organization, suggesting that sister chromatids are not completely separated. About 15% of these cells do complete anaphase but do not complete cytokinesis. Finally, Plk1 depletion significantly reduces centrosome amplification in hydroxyurea-treated U2OS cells. These data provide direct evidence that Plk is required for multiple mitotic processes in mammalian cells and their significance is discussed.
Induction, binding specificity and function of human ICOS (2000)

Recently, we have identified the inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), an activation-dependent, T cell-specific cell surface molecule related to CD28 and CTLA-4. Detailed analysis of human ICOS presented here shows that it is a 55-60-kDa homodimer with differently N-glycosylated subunits of 27 and 29 kDa. ICOS requires both phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin for full induction, and is sensitive to Cyclosporin A. ICOS is up-regulated early on all T cells, including the CD28- subset, and continues to be expressed into later phases of T cell activation. On stimulation of T cells by antigen-presenting cells, the CD28/B7, but not the CD40 ligand/CD40 pathway is critically involved in the induction of ICOS. ICOS does not bind to B7-1 or B7-2, and CD28 does not bind to ICOS ligand; thus the CD28 and ICOS pathways do not cross-interact on the cell surface. In vivo, ICOS is expressed in the medulla of the fetal and newborn thymus, in the T cell zones of tonsils and lymph nodes, and in the apical light zones of germinal centers (predominant expression). Functionally, ICOS co-induces a variety of cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, but not IL-2, and superinduces IL-10. Furthermore, ICOS co-stimulation prevents the apoptosis of pre-activated T cells. The human ICOS gene maps to chromosome 2q33 - 34.
Digital transmission over cross-coupled linear channels (1985)

For a multiuser data communications system operating over a mutually cross-coupled linear channel with additive noise sources, we determine the following: (1) a linear cross-coupled receiver processor (filter) that yields the least-mean-squared error between the desired outputs and the actual outputs, and (2) a cross-coupled transmitting filter that optimally distributes the total available power among the different users, as well as the total available frequency spectrum. The structure of the optimizing filters is similar to the known 2 × 2 case encountered in problems associated with digital transmission over dually polarized radio channels.
Diagnostic potential of plasma carboxymethyllysine and carboxyethyllysine in multiple sclerosis (2010)

Our results suggest that AGEs in general and CEL in particular could be useful biomarkers in MS clinical practice. Longitudinal studies are warranted to determine any causal relationship between changes in plasma level of AGEs and MS disease pathology. These studies will pave the way for use of AGE inhibitors and AGE-breaking agents as new therapeutic modalities in MS.
Involvement of reactive oxygen intermediates in the induction of c-jun gene transcription by ionizing radiation (1992)

Previous work has demonstrated that the cellular response to ionizing radiation includes transcriptional activation of the c-jun gene. The signaling events responsible for this response, however, remain unclear. The present studies have examined the effects of ionizing radiation on c-jun expression in a variant of HL-60 cells, designated HL-525, which is deficient in protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated signal transduction. The results demonstrate that these cells express low levels of PKC alpha and PKC beta transcripts and exhibit an attenuated induction of c-jun expression following treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In contrast, HL-525 cells respond to ionizing radiation with an increase in c-jun mRNA which is more pronounced than that in wild-type HL-60 cells. These cells similarly respond to ionizing radiation with increased expression of the jun-B, jun-D, c-fos, and fos-B genes. Nuclear run-on assays demonstrate that X-ray-induced c-jun expression in HL-525 cells is regulated by increases in the rate of c-jun gene transcription. Moreover, mRNA stability studies in irradiated HL-525 cells demonstrate that the half-life of c-jun transcripts is prolonged compared to that in wild-type cells. Studies with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, suggest that X-ray-induced transcriptional activation of the c-jun gene is mediated at least in part through the formation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs). In this context, H2O2 also induced c-jun expression in HL-525 cells, and this effect was inhibited by NAC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Structure of biologically active and inactive cerebrosides prepared from Schizophyllum commune. (1985)

A cerebroside fraction prepared from the mycelia of Schizophyllum commune was further fractionated into five components (I-V) by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Fruiting-inducing activity was found in I-IV but not in V. By gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses it was shown that these fractions contained: I, a mixture of N-2'-hydroxypentadecanoyl-1-O-glucosyl-nonadecasphingadienine++ + and N-2'-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-1-O-glucosyl-sphingadienine; II, (4E,8E)-N-D-2'-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyr anosyl-9-methyl-4,8- sphingadienine (Kawai and Ikeda. 1983. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 754: 243-248); III, N-2'-hydroxyheptadecanoyl-1-O-glucosyl-nonadecasphingadienine++ +; IV, N-2'-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-1-O-glucosyl-nonadecasphinadienine; V, (4E,8E)-N-2'-hydroxytetracosanoyl-1-O-beta-glucopyrano syl-9-methyl-4,8- sphingadienine. The only structural difference observed between biologically active and inactive cerebrosides was the chain length of acyl moiety; the cerebroside having an acyl chain of 24 carbon atoms was inactive.
Genetic organization and diversity of the hepatitis C virus. (1991)

The nucleotide sequence of the RNA genome of the human hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been determined from overlapping cDNA clones. The sequence (9379 nucleotides) has a single large open reading frame that could encode a viral polyprotein precursor of 3011 amino acids. While there as little overall amino acid and nucleotide sequence homology with other viruses, the 5' HCV nucleotide sequence upstream of this large open reading frame has substantial similarity to the 5' termini of pestiviral genomes. The polyprotein also has significant sequence similarity to helicases encoded by animal pestiviruses, plant potyviruses, and human flaviviruses, and it contains sequence motifs widely conserved among viral replicases and trypsin-like proteases. A basic, presumed nucleocapsid domain is located at the N terminus upstream of a region containing numerous potential N-linked glycosylation sites. These HCV domains are located in the same relative position as observed in the pestiviruses and flaviviruses and the hydrophobic profiles of all three viral polyproteins are similar. These combined data indicate that HCV is an unusual virus that is most related to the pestiviruses. Significant genome diversity is apparent within the putative 5' structural gene region of different HCV isolates, suggesting the presence of closely related but distinct viral genotypes.
Recombinant protein expression at low temperatures under the transcriptional control of the major Escherichia coli cold shock promoter cspA (1996)

A transcriptional gene fusion between the cspA promoter and the lacZ gene was constructed to assess the usefulness of cold shock promoters for low-temperature protein expression. Synthesis of beta-galactosidase was efficiently repressed at 37 degrees C but rapidly induced upon transfer to the 15-to-30 degrees C range, leading to a three- to fivefold increase in specific activity relative to control cultures. Although the initial rates of beta-galactosidase accumulation at 20 degrees C were twice those measured at 15 degrees C, prolonged incubation at 20 degrees C, but not 15 degrees C, led to a dilution of activity due to repression of the promoter and cell division.