gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental regulation of peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) in rat heart atrium and ventricle (1989)

The high levels of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM, EC 1.14.17.3) found in adult rat atrium led us to examine PAM expression in rat atrium and ventricle from embryonic day 14 through adulthood. Immunocytochemical studies using antisera to PAM identified cardiocytes as the major site of PAM expression in atrium and ventricle throughout development. Levels of PAM mRNA and PAM activity exhibited distinctly different developmental profiles in atrium and ventricle. Ventricular PAM mRNA and PAM activity were highest from embryonic days 14 through 18, declined at the time of birth, rose slightly during the first postnatal week, and declined toward adult levels. Atrial PAM mRNA and PAM activity were low at embryonic day 14, rose to a peak immediately before birth, declined at the time of birth, and then rose after birth. Levels of atrial PAM mRNA and PAM activity were not directly correlated at all developmental stages. Two major forms of PAM mRNA (4.2 +/- 0.1 and 3.8 +/- 0.1 kilobase(s] were identified in atrium and ventricle throughout development. The prevalence of the two forms varied with developmental stage, with atrium and ventricle containing similar forms at each stage. Western blots of atrial and ventricular membranes revealed the existence of a developmental stage-specific distribution of PAM protein among forms ranging in mass from 125 to 94 kDa. In both atrium and ventricle PAM activity was primarily soluble from embryonic days 14 through 16 and primarily particulate after birth. The role of PAM in the heart is not yet clear, but the presence of tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alterations in PAM mRNA, PAM protein, and PAM activity suggests that this peptide processing enzyme plays a key role in the heart.
A comparative study of tranexamic acid and ethamsylate in menorrhagia (2012)

Background: Menorrhagia interferes with the woman’s physical, social, emotional, and/or material quality of life. Antifibrinolytic drugs are effective in decreasing excessive menstrual bleeding. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of tranexamic acid and ethamsylate on quality of life in women with menorrhagia. Methods: The 50 women with menorrhagia were randomised to receive either tranexamic acid or ethamsylate. Twenty five patients were allocated to receive tranexamic acid 500 mg six hourly, and 25 patients to receive ethamsylate 500 mg six hourly. Among the parameters measured by the MIQ were impairment in social activities, work performance, physical activities, productivity, hygienic condition, psychological condition. Health-related quality-of-life question scores (MIQ scores) at baseline and after treatment were calculated as mean for tranexamic acid group and ethamsylate group. Results: Tranexamic acid and ethamsylate treatment groups showed mean improvement in MIQ scores compared to baseline. However, the total mean score was higher in tranexamic acid group compared to ethamsylate group after three treatment cycles (21 Vs 17). Conclusions: Use of tranexamic acid and ethamsylate improved health-related quality of life in patients with menorrhagia. Tranexamic acid showed better improvement in health-related quality of life compared to ethamsylate in patients with menorrhagia.
Quad-phase-only filter implementation (1989)

Some of the fastest commercially available coherent spatial light modulators are binary. This fact has motivated research on the binary phase-only filter, which is unfortunately unable to represent a complex filter function. A technique is introduced here with which a single binary device can be used to represent a complex filter with independent binary representation of real and imaginary parts. The technique is analyzed theoretically, and simulation and laboratory results are presented.
Inspection resistant memory: Architectural support for security from physical examination (2012)

The ability to safely keep a secret in memory is central to the vast majority of security schemes, but storing and erasing these secrets is a difficult problem in the face of an attacker who can obtain unrestricted physical access to the underlying hardware. Depending on the memory technology, the very act of storing a 1 instead of a 0 can have physical side effects measurable even after the power has been cut. These effects cannot be hidden easily, and if the secret stored on chip is of sufficient value, an attacker may go to extraordinary means to learn even a few bits of that information. Solving this problem requires a new class of architectures that measurably increase the difficulty of physical analysis. In this paper we take a first step towards this goal by focusing on one of the backbones of any hardware system: on-chip memory. We examine the relationship between security, area, and efficiency in these architectures, and quantitatively examine the resulting systems through cryptographic analysis and microarchitectural impact. In the end, we are able to find an efficient scheme in which, even if an adversary is able to inspect the value of a stored bit with a probabilistic error of only 5%, our system will be able to prevent that adversary from learning any information about the original un-coded bits with 99.9999999999% probability.
Classification and heterogeneity of preterm birth (2003)

Three main conditions explain preterm birth: medically indicated (iatrogenic) preterm birth (25%; 18.7-35.2%), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) (25%; 7.1-51.2%) and spontaneous (idiopathic) preterm birth (50%; 23.2-64.1%). The majority of multiple pregnancies (10% of all preterm births) are delivered preterm (50% for medical reasons). Although medical indications relate more to feto-maternal conditions, PPROM to infections and idiopathic preterm birth to lifestyle, these risk factors are identified in any category, emphasising that preterm birth has a multifactorial origin. Still, several incidences of preterm birth are not completely explained with a plausible cause for PPROM or spontaneous preterm labour suggesting that other causes have yet to be identified. In addition, preterm birth is associated with unrecognised severe congenital anomalies. Variability within the main categories may be explained by the studied population, ethnic group, social class and preventive interventions towards reducing spontaneous preterm birth where the proportion of medically-indicated preterm birth is increased. Despite being retrospective a classification according to gestational age at birth is important for neonatal prognosis. Preterm birth is stratified into mild preterm (32-36 weeks), very preterm (28-31 weeks) and extremely preterm (<28 weeks) with increasing neonatal mortality and morbidity. Recent studies suggested that infection was mostly responsible for extreme preterm birth, while stress and lifestyle accounted for mild preterm birth, and a mixture of both conditions contributed to very preterm birth.
Practical Considerations of Membrane Protein Instability during Purification and Crystallisation (2009)

Crystallisation of integral membranes requires milligrams of purified protein in a homogeneous, monodisperse state, and crucially, the membrane protein must also be fully functional and stable. The stability of membrane proteins in solution is dependent on the type of detergents used, but unfortunately the use of the most stabilising detergent can often decrease the probability of obtaining crystals that diffract to high resolution, especially of small membrane proteins. A number of strategies have been developed to facilitate the purification of membrane proteins in a functional form, which have led to new possibilities for structure determination.
Planar glass chips for capillary electrophoresis: repetitive sample injection, quantitation, and separation efficiency (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPlanar glass chips for capillary electrophoresis: repetitive sample injection, quantitation, and separation efficiencyKurt. Seiler, D. Jed. Harrison, and A. ManzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 10, 1481–1488Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00058a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00058a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views650Altmetric-Citations240LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Discovery of a Potent Boronic Acid Derived Inhibitor of the HCV RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (2013)

A boronic acid moiety was found to be a critical pharmacophore for enhanced in vitro potency against wild-type hepatitis C replicons and known clinical polymorphic and resistant HCV mutant replicons. The synthesis, optimization, and structure-activity relationships associated with inhibition of HCV replication in a subgenomic replication system for a series of non-nucleoside boron-containing HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) inhibitors are described. A summary of the discovery of 3 (GSK5852), a molecule which entered clinical trials in subjects infected with HCV in 2011, is included.
What We Know About Uninsured Motorists and How Well We Know What We Know (2000)

The problem posed by the uninsured motorist is of concern to the general public, policyholders, insurance companies, insurance regulators, and legislators. What is striking, however, is the fragmentary nature of the information that is available and the fact that it is scattered over so many sources. Even more striking is the fact that those sources often provide conflicting estimates, and the methods used in deriving those estimates are either never spelled out or, if they are, their reliability is unknown. In view of the general concern with the problem of uninsured motorists, this paper attempts to present an overview of what we know about the uninsured motorists and how well we know what we know through the following measures: clarifying the subtleties of the definition of an uninsured motorist; discussing the more prominent methods used to estimate the number of uninsured motorists and the properties of the estimates generated by these methods; illustrating what is known about the profiles of uninsured motorists; and pointing briefly to factors that account for the existence of uninsured motorists.
Sequence analysis of a genomic clone encoding a Zc2 protein fromZea maysW64 A (1990)

A genomic clone (p268c) coding for the 28 kD storage protein Zc2 from maize endosperm has been isolated and sequenced.
Activation of human platelets by C5a-stimulated neutrophils: a role for cathepsin G (1990)

Human platelets can be stimulated by recombinant human fifth component of complement (rhC5a) in the presence of human neutrophils. After challenge with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe or rhC5a, concentrated neutrophils release cathepsin G into the supernatant. The concentrations of cathepsin G recovered by titration of the enzymatic activity correlate with the capability of these supernatants to induce platelet stimulation as measured by serotonin release. Cathepsin G purified from neutrophil granules triggered platelet aggregation and serotonin release independent of arachidonic acid metabolites and platelet-activating factor formation. A concentration of 100 nM of cathepsin G, which was reached in the surrounding space of activated neutrophils, induced a 50% platelet stimulation. Three distinct antiproteinases were tested against cathepsin G-induced platelet activation. Z-Gly-Leu-Phe-CH2Cl, a specific inhibitor of cathepsin G enzymatic activity, proved to be nonspecific in our biological system. By contrast, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-antitrypsin displayed specific activities. The physiological specific inhibitor of cathepsin G, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, was the most potent and was used in the rhC5a-induced neutrophils-mediated platelet activation. A complete inhibition was achieved, showing that release of cathepsin G from neutrophils accounts for platelet activation. Such a chain of events involving C5a, neutrophils, cathepsin G, and platelets may be of relevance in certain inflammatory states, particularly the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Intravenous angiotensinogen antisense in AAV-based vector decreases hypertension (1999)

Angiotensinogen (AGT) has been linked to hypertension. Because there are no direct inhibitors of AGT, we have developed antisense (AS) inhibition of AGT mRNA delivered in an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based plasmid vector. This plasmid, driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter, contains a green fluorescent protein reporter gene and AS cDNA for rat AGT. Transfection of the plasmid into rat hepatoma cells brought a strong expression of the transgenes and a significant reduction in the level of AGT. In the in vivo study, naked plasmid DNA was intravenously injected into adult spontaneously hypertensive rats at different doses (0.6, 1.5, and 3 mg/kg). Expression of AGT AS mRNA was present in liver and heart, and it lasted longer in the liver. All three doses produced a significant decrease in blood pressure (BP). BP decreased for 2, 4, and 6 days, respectively. The lowest dose decreased BP by 12 +/- 3.0 mmHg, whereas the higher doses decreased BP by up to 22.5 +/- 5.2 mmHg compared with the control rats injected with saline (P < 0.01). The injection of the plasmid with liposomes produced a more profound and longer reduction (8 days) in BP. Consistent changes in plasma AGT level were observed. Sense plasmid had no effect. No liver toxicity was observed after injection of AS plasmid with or without liposomes. Our results suggest that the systemic delivery of AS against AGT mRNA by AAV-based plasmid vector, especially with liposomes, may have potential for gene therapy of hypertension and that further studies with the plasmid packaged into a recombinant AAV vector for a longer-lasting AS effect are warranted.
[Tonsillectomy and leukemia in adults (author's transl)]. (1976)

Among 752 leukemic adult patients 99 were tonsillectomized and among 752 strictly selected healthy persons ("individual matched pairs") 182. This difference is significant and shows the same results as earlier examinations in leukemic children by Matzker and Klasen. Authors suggest further controls of these impressioning statisticts. New aspects of tonsillar pathophysiology and also indication for adenotonsillectomy are induced.
Einleitung (1989)

Die Bedeutung der „Versicherungsfonds“, also jener Wertpapier-Publikumfonds, die vom Außendienst einer Versicherungsgesellschaft vertrieben und von einer eigenen oder befreundeten Kapitalanlagegesellschaft verwaltet werden, nimmt stetig zu. Kein Wunder, denn das Volumen, um das es hier geht, kann sich sehen lassen. Das Vermögen der Versicherungsfonds macht heute bereits über 12% am gesamten „Topf“ der Publikumsfonds aus — mit stark steigender Tendenz. Und wenn man weiß, daß die Assekuranz ihren Kunden aus fälligen Lebensversicherungen allein für das Jahr 1987 rund 26 Milliarden DM auszahlte, was kalendertäglich über 70 Millionen DM entspricht, so wird der Stellenwert der freiwerdenden Gelder deutlich.
Milk and dairy consumption, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: the Caerphilly prospective study (2007)

The consumption of milk and dairy products is associated with a markedly reduced prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, and these items therefore fit well into a healthy eating pattern.
The Mass Culture of Rabbit Corneal Endothelial Cells (1974)

A tissue culture method for the mass production of rabbit corneal endothelium includes early trypsinization of explant cultures. With this technique, sufficient corneal endothelial cells may be obtained for biochemical investigation.
Fabrication of arrays of channel waveguides by self‐assembly using patterned organic monolayers as templates (1996)

Complex arrays of channel waveguides can be easily fabricated by the new approach reported here, which is based on microcontact printing and self‐assembly of solid, three‐dimensional polymeric structures from liquid precursors. It shows that structures produced by the procedure described act as multi‐mode optical waveguides, and suggestions are made for improvements following on from this demonstration of principle. Waveguides are important in communications, photonic sensors, and optical devices.
β Cell-Specific CD4+ T Cell Clonotypes in Peripheral Blood and the Pancreatic Islets Are Distinct (2009)

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease mediated by beta cell-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Tracking beta cell-specific T cells is one approach to monitor the diabetogenic response in at risk or diabetic individuals. Such analyses, however, are limited to PBL because T cells infiltrating the pancreatic islets are normally inaccessible. A key issue is whether peripheral beta cell-specific T cells accurately reflect those cells infiltrating the target tissue. We investigated the properties of CD4(+) T cells specific for a mimetic epitope recognized by the BDC2.5 clonotypic TCR in NOD mice. Soluble IA(g7)-Ig (sIA(g7)-Ig) multimer complexes covalently linked to a mimetic BDC peptide (sIA(g7)-mBDC) were used to identify or isolate CD4(+) T cells from PBL and the islets of NOD mice. A temporal increase in sIA(g7)-mBDC binding (g7-mBDC(+)) T cells corresponding with the progression of beta cell autoimmunity was detected in both PBL and islets in NOD female mice. In contrast to T cells in PBL, however, the majority of islet g7-mBDC(+) T cells exhibited a type 1 phenotype, and mediated diabetes upon transfer into NOD.scid recipients. TCR-beta and CDR-beta gene usage of single islet-infiltrating g7-mBDC(+) CD4(+) T cells from individual NOD mice showed a restricted repertoire dominated by one or two clones typically expressing TCR beta-chain variable TRBV-15. In contrast, a distinct and diverse TCR repertoire was detected for PBL-derived g7-mBDC(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that PBL and islet CD4(+) T cells specific for a given beta cell epitope can differ regarding pathogenicity and TCR repertoire.
NA/σ optimization strategies for an advanced DUV stepper applied to 0.25-μm and sub-0.25-μm critical levels (1997)

In this paper, the results of an NA-sigma optimization study are reported, carried out experimentally for an advanced ASML PAS5500/300 deep-UV stepper. The work has been primarily focused on a 0.25 and sub-0.25 micrometers gate layer in a logic CMOS process. A positive and negative tone resist process have been compared in terms of CD control and line- end shortening. Dry etch effects and across-field behavior has been taken into account. Furthermore the contact level of the 0.25 micrometers process have been optimized. Effects of layer dependent NA-sigma settings on overlay have been studied.
Double-Hall sensor with self-compensated offset (2002)

A novel Double-Hall sensor is reported with a signal offset compensated by design. It consists of two single Hall devices sharing the same active area. The sensor detects the magnetic induction perpendicular to the chip surface. The sensor signal is given by the difference of the Hall voltages of the two single devices. They have almost equal offsets but magnetic responses of opposite sign due to structure symmetry. This simple self-compensation efficiently reduces the offset to values below 2 mT at room temperature. The thermal offset drift is lower than 11 /spl mu/T//spl deg/C. The small-sized Double-Hall sensor requires only one voltage source and one differential amplifier for operation. Therefore, the implementation of an accurate and inexpensive magnetic sensor microsystem with high cutoff frequency is straightforward.
Structural Analysis of Antioxidative Peptides from Soybean .beta.-Conglycinin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Analysis of Antioxidative Peptides from Soybean .beta.-ConglycininHua-Ming Chen, Koji Muramoto, and Fumio YamauchiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 3, 574–578Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00051a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00051a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2065Altmetric-Citations475LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of fatigue and training on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+regulation in human skeletal muscle (2002)

Little is known about fatigue and training effects on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function in human muscle, and we therefore investigated this in eight untrained controls (UT), eight endurance-trained (ET), and eight resistance-trained athletes (RT). Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) taken at rest and after 50 maximal quadriceps contractions (180 degrees/s, 0.5 Hz) were analyzed for fiber composition, metabolites and maximal SR Ca(2+) release, Ca(2+) uptake, and Ca(2+)-ATPase activity. Fatigue reduced (P < 0.05) Ca(2+) release (42.1 +/- 3.8%, 43.4 +/- 3.9%, 31.3 +/- 6.1%), Ca(2+) uptake (43.0 +/- 5.2%, 34.1 +/- 4.6%, 28.4 +/- 2.8%), and Ca(2+)-ATPase activity (38.6 +/- 4.2%, 48.5 +/- 5.7%, 29.6 +/- 5.0%), in UT, RT, and ET, respectively. These decreases were correlated with fatigability and with type II fiber proportion (P < 0.05). Resting SR measures were correlated with type II proportion (r > or = 0.51, P < 0.05). ET had lower resting Ca(2+) release, Ca(2+) uptake, and Ca(2+)-ATPase (P < 0.05) than UT and RT (P < 0.05), probably because of their lower type II proportion; only minor effects were found in RT. Thus SR function is markedly depressed with fatigue in controls and in athletes, is dependent on fiber type, and appears to be minimally affected by chronic training status.