gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recovery stress and work output in hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine)‐modified shape‐memory epoxy polymers (2016)

ABSTRACT In this study a series of hyperbranched modified shape‐memory polymers were subjected to constrained shape recoveries in order to determine their potential use as thermomechanical actuators. Materials were synthesized from a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A as base epoxy and a polyetheramine and a commercial hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) as crosslinker agents. Hyperbranched polymers within the structure of the shape‐memory epoxy polymers led to a more heterogeneous network that can substantially modify mechanical properties. Thermomechanical and mechanical properties were analyzed and discussed in terms of the content of hyperbranched polymer. Shape‐memory effect was analyzed under fully and partially constrained conditions. When shape recovery was carried out with fixed strain a recovery stress was obtained whereas when it was carried out with a constraining stress the material performs mechanical work. Tensile tests at T g E′ showed excellent values of stress and strain at break (up to 15 MPa and almost 60%, respectively). Constrained recovery performances revealed rapid recovery stress generation and unusually high recovery stresses (up to 7 MPa) and extremely high work densities (up to 750 kJ/m 3 ). The network structure of shape‐memory polymers was found to be a key factor for actuator‐like applications. Results confirm that hyperbranched modified‐epoxy shape memory polymers are good candidates for actuator‐like shape‐memory applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54 , 1002–1013
Intelligible speech synthesis from neural decoding of spoken sentences (2018)

Abstract The ability to read out, or decode, mental content from brain activity has significant practical and scientific implications 1 . For example, technology that translates cortical activity into speech would be transformative for people unable to communicate as a result of neurological impairment 2,3,4 . Decoding speech from neural activity is challenging because speaking requires extremely precise and dynamic control of multiple vocal tract articulators on the order of milliseconds. Here, we designed a neural decoder that explicitly leverages the continuous kinematic and sound representations encoded in cortical activity 5,6 to generate fluent and intelligible speech. A recurrent neural network first decoded vocal tract physiological signals from direct cortical recordings, and then transformed them to acoustic speech output. Robust decoding performance was achieved with as little as 25 minutes of training data. Naïve listeners were able to accurately identify these decoded sentences. Additionally, speech decoding was not only effective for audibly produced speech, but also when participants silently mimed speech. These results advance the development of speech neuroprosthetic technology to restore spoken communication in patients with disabling neurological disorders.
Beam-hopping over-the-air tests using DVB-S2X super-framing (2019)

The beam-hopping transmission concept has recently received a lot of attention due to a new level of flexibility to accommodate dynamic traffic profiles by employing the latest satellite technology. Based on the latest ground equipment developments of WORK Microwave and Fraunhofer IIS, beam-hopping system synchronization and control aspects have been tested over-the-air in June 2018. The network synchronization scheme as well as the ground equipment synchronization worked well and the performance goals have successfully been achieved.
Comparative Cell‐Mediated Immunogenicity of DNA/DNA, DNA/Adenovirus Type 5 (Ad5), or Ad5/Ad5 HIV‐1 Clade BgagVaccine Prime‐Boost Regimens (2009)

The DNA vaccine alone or as a priming regimen for the Ad5 vaccine did not increase unfractionated ELISpot responses compared with the Ad5 vaccine alone. Qualitative T cell responses to different vaccine regimens deserve further study.
A Fragment Based Approach toward Thia[n]helicenes (2013)

The synthesis of [9]- and [11]thiahelicenes, as well as the preparation of lower homologues such as [5]-, [6]-, and [7]thiahelicenes is reported. Efficient palladium catalyzed coupling reactions were employed. Triorganoindium derivatives were selectively mono-cross-coupled with N-methyl-3,4-dibromomaleimide followed by Stille coupling with the readily available building block naphthodithiophene. Oxidative photocyclization of the conjugated precursors using visible light was employed to synthesize a series of thia[n]helicenes. This modular synthetic methodology is independent of the length of the helical backbone.
Technologies for local-access fibering (1994)

The authors describe passive optical networks (PON), optical wavelength allocation, device and system technologies. Some examples of PON systems are given including SDM, WDM, FDM, and TCM. The authors go on to discuss optical modules LSI and optical amplifiers. The paper concludes with a discussion of upgrading PONs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Analysis of Uplink Scheduling for Haptic Communications (2018)

While new mechanisms and configurations of the 5G radio are offering step forward in delivery of ultra-reliable low latency communication services in general, and haptic communications in particular, they could inversely impact the remainder of traffic services. In this paper, we investigate the uplink access procedure, how different advances in this procedure enhance delivery of haptic communication, and how it affects the remainder of traffic services in the network. We model this impact as the remainder of service, using stochastic network calculus. Our results show how best the tradeoff between faster or more resource efficient uplink access can be made depending on the rate of haptic data, which is directly relevant to the application domain of haptic communication.
Parallel Database Systems: The Future of High Performance Database Processing 1 (1992)

: Parallel database machine architectures have evolved from the use of exotic hardware to a software parallel dataflow architecture based on conventional shared-nothing hardware. These new designs provide impressive speedup and scaleup when processing relational database queries. This paper reviews the techniques used by such systems, and surveys current commercial and research systems. 1. Introduction Highly parallel database systems are beginning to displace traditional mainframe computers for the largest database and transaction processing tasks. The success of these systems refutes a 1983 paper predicting the demise of database machines [BORA83]. Ten years ago the future of highly-parallel database machines seemed gloomy, even to their staunchest advocates. Most database machine research had focused on specialized, often trendy, hardware such as CCD memories, bubble memories, head-per-track disks, and optical disks. None of these technologies fulfilled their promises; so there wa...
Loss of linker histone H1 in cellular senescence (2006)

Cellular senescence is a tumor-suppressing mechanism that is accompanied by characteristic chromatin condensation called senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHFs). We found that individual SAHFs originate from individual chromosomes. SAHFs do not show alterations of posttranslational modifications of core histones that mark condensed chromatin in mitotic chromosomes, apoptotic chromatin, or transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin. Remarkably, SAHF-positive senescent cells lose linker histone H1 and exhibit increased levels of chromatin-bound high mobility group A2 (HMGA2). The expression of N-terminally enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged histone H1 induces premature senescence phenotypes, including increased levels of phosphorylated p53, p21, and hypophosphorylated Rb, and a decrease in the chromatin-bound endogenous histone H1 level but not in p16 level accumulation or SAHF formation. However, the simultaneous ectopic expression of hemagglutinin-tagged HMGA2 and N-terminally EGFP-tagged histone H1 leads to significant SAHF formation (P < 0.001). It is known that histone H1 and HMG proteins compete for a common binding site, the linker DNA. These results suggest that SAHFs are a novel type of chromatin condensation involving alterations in linker DNA-binding proteins.
Deletions of Interferon Genes in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (1990)

Structural rearrangements involving the short arm of chromosome 9, including bands 9p21 and 22, are found in the leukemia cells of 7 to 13 percent of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The interferon-alpha gene cluster and the interferon-beta 1 gene have been localized to this chromosomal region. We have previously demonstrated deletions of these genes in several cell lines established in vitro from patients with lymphoblastic leukemia. We report here homozygous or hemizygous deletions of the interferon-alpha and interferon-beta 1 genes in samples of leukemia cells from patients with lymphoblastic leukemia. Of 62 patients examined, 18 (29 percent) had such deletions. Four patients (7 percent) had homozygous deletions of the interferon-alpha gene cluster; of these, one also had a homozygous deletion and three had hemizygous deletions of the interferon-beta 1 gene. Fourteen patients (23 percent) had hemizygous deletions of both the interferon-alpha gene cluster and the interferon-beta 1 gene. In 8 of the 18 patients with deletions, the deletions of interferon genes were submicroscopic; in the 11 other patients, chromosomal rearrangements of 9p, including translocations or deletions, were visible on light microscopy. These chromosomal and molecular deletions are likely to be related to the loss of a tumor-suppressor gene (or genes) located on 9p, which may be an interferon gene or an unrelated but closely linked gene.
Value of eight-amino-acid matches in predicting the allergenicity status of proteins: an empirical bioinformatic investigation (2009)

The use of biotechnological techniques to introduce novel proteins into food crops (transgenic or GM crops) has motivated investigation into the properties of proteins that favor their potential to elicit allergic reactions. As part of the allergenicity assessment, bioinformatic approaches are used to compare the amino-acid sequence of candidate proteins with sequences in a database of known allergens to predict potential cross reactivity between novel food proteins and proteins to which people have become sensitized. Two criteria commonly used for these queries are searches over 80-amino-acid stretches for >35% identity, and searches for 8-amino-acid contiguous matches. We investigated the added value provided by the 8-amino-acid criterion over that provided by the >35%-identity-over-80-amino-acid criterion, by identifying allergens pairs that only met the former criterion, but not the latter criterion. We found that the allergen-sequence pairs only sharing 8-amino-acid identity, but not >35% identity over 80 amino acids, were unlikely to be cross reactive allergens. Thus, the common search for 8-amino-acid identity between novel proteins and known allergens appears to be of little additional value in assessing the potential allergenicity of novel proteins.
Battery-Free Cellphone (2017)

We present the first battery-free cellphone design that consumes only a few micro-watts of power. Our design can sense speech, actuate the earphones, and switch between uplink and downlink communications, all in real time. Our system optimizes transmission and reception of speech while simultaneously harvesting power which enables the battery-free cellphone to operate continuously. The battery-free device prototype is built using commercial-off-the-shelf components on a printed circuit board. It can operate on power that is harvested from RF signals transmitted by a basestation 31 feet (9.4 m) away. Further, using power harvested from ambient light with tiny photodiodes, we show that our device can communicate with a basestation that is 50 feet (15.2 m) away. Finally, we perform the first Skype call using a battery-free phone over a cellular network, via our custom bridged basestation. This we believe is a major leap in the capability of battery-free devices and a step towards a fully functional battery-free cellphone.
Tolerance of dormant and active cells in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 biofilm to antimicrobial agents (2008)

Chlorine was more effective in inactivation of metabolically inactive dormant cells and also more effective under anaerobic conditions. The high oxidative reactivity and rapid decay of chlorine might influence the different antimicrobial actions of chlorine compared with antibiotics. This study contributes to understanding the effects of dormancy and the presence of oxygen on the susceptibility of P. aeruginosa biofilm to a wide range of antimicrobial agents.
Pitching a Baseball - Tracking High-Speed Motion with Multi-Exposure Images (2004)

Athletes and coaches in most professional sports make use of high-tech \nequipment to analyze and, subsequently, improve the athlete's performance. \nHigh-speed video cameras are employed, for instance, to record the swing of a \ngolf club or a tennis racket, the movement of the feet while running, and the \nbody motion in apparatus gymnastics. High-tech and high-speed equipment, \nhowever, usually implies high-cost as well. In this paper, we present a \npassive optical approach to capture high-speed motion using multi-exposure \nimages obtained with low-cost commodity still cameras and a stroboscope. The \nrecorded motion remains completely undisturbed by the motion capture process. \nWe apply our approach to capture the motion of hand and ball for a variety of \nbaseball pitches and present algorithms to automatically track the position, \nvelocity, rotation axis, and spin of the ball along its trajectory. To \ndemonstrate the validity of our setup and algorithms, we analyze the \nconsistency of our measurements with a physically based model that predicts \nthe trajectory of a spinning baseball. Our approach can be applied to capture \na wide variety of other high-speed objects and activities such as golfing, \nbowling, or tennis for visualization as well as analysis purposes.
Studies with CWR22 xenografts in nude mice suggest that ZD1839 may have a role in the treatment of both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent human prostate cancer. (2002)

The results obtained in these related and highly relevant models of human prostate cancer suggest that ZD1839 may have a role in enhancing existing treatments of androgen-dependent and -independent forms of this disease in patients.
Administration of rhIL-7 in humans increases in vivo TCR repertoire diversity by preferential expansion of naive T cell subsets (2008)

Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a homeostatic cytokine for resting T cells with increasing serum and tissue levels during T cell depletion. In preclinical studies, IL-7 therapy exerts marked stimulating effects on T cell immune reconstitution in mice and primates. First-in-human clinical studies of recombinant human IL-7 (rhIL-7) provided the opportunity to investigate the effects of IL-7 therapy on lymphocytes in vivo. rhIL-7 induced in vivo T cell cycling, bcl-2 up-regulation, and a sustained increase in peripheral blood CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. This T cell expansion caused a significant broadening of circulating T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity independent of the subjects' age as naive T cells, including recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), expanded preferentially, whereas the proportions of regulatory T (T reg) cells and senescent CD8(+) effectors diminished. The resulting composition of the circulating T cell pool more closely resembled that seen earlier in life. This profile, distinctive among cytokines under clinical development, suggests that rhIL-7 therapy could enhance and broaden immune responses, particularly in individuals with limited naive T cells and diminished TCR repertoire diversity, as occurs after physiological (age), pathological (human immunodeficiency virus), or iatrogenic (chemotherapy) lymphocyte depletion.
A Keloidal Scar Post Surgical and Chemo-Radio Therapy for Breast Cancer (2013)

Cutaneous metastases from solid primary tumours are uncommon. Carcinoma of the breast is the commonest malignancy to metastasize to skin and is usually associated with a local recurrence post therapeutic mastectomy. There are 8 types of cutaneous metastasis related to breast carcinoma which are differentiated on histopathology. Carcinoma en cuirasse, a subtype, clinically presents as a diffuse indurated plaque occasionally accompanied by firm nodules. It characterized by a dense stromal fibrosis and reduced vascularity as well as single filed interstitial tumour infiltrates. Here we report a case of carcinoma en curaisse in a patient with metastatic breast carcinoma.
Suspended microchannel resonators with piezoresistive sensors (2010)

Precision frequency detection has enabled the suspended microchannel resonator (SMR) to weigh single living cells, single nanoparticles, and adsorbed protein layers in fluid. To date, the SMR resonance frequency has been determined optically, which requires the use of an external laser and photodiode and cannot be easily arrayed for multiplexed measurements. Here we demonstrate the first electronic detection of SMR resonance frequency by fabricating piezoresistive sensors using ion implantation into single crystal silicon resonators. To validate the piezoresistive SMR, buoyant mass histograms of budding yeast cells and a mixture of 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 µm diameter polystyrene beads are measured. For SMRs designed to weigh micron-sized particles and cells, the mass resolution achieved with piezoresistive detection (∼3.4 fg in a 1 kHz bandwidth) is comparable to what can be achieved by the conventional optical-lever detector. Eliminating the need for expensive and delicate optical components will enable new uses for the SMR in both multiplexed and field deployable applications.
Deoxygenated sickle hemoglobin. Modulation of its solubility by 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and other allosteric polyanions. (1985)

The effects of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and other allosteric polyanions of the phosphate or sulfate ester class (inositol hexaphosphate (IHP), ATP, pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate (PMP), and inositol hexasulfate (IHS] on the solubility of deoxyhemoglobin S, and the oxygen affinity of Hb A were evaluated. Their effects on the saturation concentration (csat) indicated promotion of gelation in each case, according to the following order of molar effectiveness: IHP greater than IHS greater than DPG greater than ATP much greater than PMP. Four polybasic carboxylic acids (benzenetricarboxylate (trimesic acid), benzenetetracarboxylate (BTC), benzenepentacarboxylate (BPC), and benzenehexacarboxylate (BHC] were evaluated as well. Their order of molar effectiveness was: BHC greater than BPC greater than BTC much greater than trimesic acid. Both classes of polyanions influenced oxygen affinity in the same order as solubility. Overall, a good correlation existed between the negative charges of these nine allosteric polyanions at neutral pH and their effects on solubility and oxygen affinity. Because of its possible role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease, the effect of DPG on csat was examined over the pH range 6.5-7.6. While a decrease in csat was observed for DPG-saturated deoxyhemoglobin S throughout this range, the decrement observed in the physiological pH range (1.8 g/dl) was somewhat lower than that below neutral pH (3.0 g/dl); in either case the sickling tendency of SS red cells would be enhanced. Inasmuch as the intracellular concentration of DPG in sickle cell anemia may be elevated as much as 2-fold, maneuvers aimed at its reduction could be therapeutically beneficial.
Influence of orally and rectally administered propionate on cholesterol and glucose metabolism in obese rats (1996)

It has increasingly been suggested that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetic, propionic and butyric acids, derived from colonic fermentation of dietary fibre and other indigestible carbohydrates, exert different physiological effects. Formation of propionic acid is discussed in terms of beneficial effects on glucose and cholesterol metabolism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible metabolic effects of propionic acid and to differentiate between effects mediated in the upper gastrointestinal tract and those mediated in the hind-gut. For this purpose, obese hyperinsulinaemic (fa/fa) rats were studied during a 19 d test period. Sodium propionate was either fed orally through the diet (1 g/d), or infused rectally (0.15 g/d) to animals given diets high in cholesterol (20 g/kg) and saturated fat (130 g/kg). At the end of the test period total liver cholesterol pools were 20% lower (P < 0.01) in rats given dietary or rectally infused propionate (481 and 484 mg respectively) compared with the control group (614 mg). This was due to lower liver weights (P < 0.05) in propionate-treated animals, 15.5 and 15.3 g, v. 18.2 g in the control group, and no differences were noted in hepatic cholesterol concentrations. The urinary glucose excretion was measured during days 15-19 and was found to be lower (P < 0.05) in rats fed with propionate (23 mg) compared with the control group or the group infused rectally (39 and 38 mg respectively). In addition, fasting plasma glucose concentrations decreased significantly (P < 0.05) over the test period. It is concluded that orally supplied propionate affects both glucose and cholesterol metabolism as judged from lowered urinary glucose excretion, fasting blood glucose and liver cholesterol pools. On the other hand, propionate administered to the hind-gut at a physiologically relevant level reduces the hepatic cholesterol pool.
Mobilization and homing of bone marrow stromal cells in myocardial infarction (2003)

Following myocardial infarction, MSC's are signaled and recruited to the injured heart, where they undergo differentiation, and may participate in the pathophysiology of post-infarct remodeling, angiogenesis, and maturation of the scar. Therapeutic implantation of MSCs thus may further enhance such effects.
Seasonal Characteristics of Two Saline Lakes in Washington (1958)

The limnology of two highly saline lakes in Washington was studied in relation to the physical and chemical conditions which influence the growth and distribution of phytoplankton. The lakes were sampled at frequent intervals for a period of more than a year in 1950 and 1951. Morphometric conditions were determined, and routine sampling included measurements of temperature, transparency, oxygen, pH, alkalinity, phosphate, chlorophyll, and quantitative samples of phytoplankton. Lake Lenore, the less saline of the two (T.D.S. 14 g/liter), is shallow and was unstratified during the investigation. Dissolved nutrients were high and showed erratic variations during the summer. The phytoplankton population was taxonomically simple and was made up mainly of two species of diatoms— Amphora sp. which formed the spring bloom, and Chaetoceros elmorei which made up the late summer bloom. Soap Lake is relatively deep, meromictic, and saline (T.D.S. 35 g/liter). Temperature conditions were dichothermic, and the nutrient content was high, especially in the monimolimnion. A winter maximum and a summer minimum was observed in the phytoplankton population, and a change in the biota has been noted during dilution of the lake in recent years. Indication of grazing by zooplankton was found in both lakes.