gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Setting Reactions and Compressive Strengths of Calcium Phosphate Cements (1990)

Setting reactions and compressive strengths of a self-hardening calcium phosphate cement (CPC) were investigated. The CPC consists of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (DCPA). The cement specimens were prepared by mixing 0.7 g of the powder (TTCP 72.9 wt% + DCPA 27.1 wt%) with 0.175 mL of the liquid (25 mmol/L H3PO4 and 1.32 mmol/L sodium fluoride). The specimens were removed from the molds at pre-determined time intervals after being mixed, and their compressive strengths were measured. Immediately afterward, the fractured specimens were rapidly frozen in ethanol (-80 degrees C), lyophilized, and examined by powder x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that (1) hydroxyapatite was the only reaction product; (2) the reaction was nearly completed within four h, during which both the reaction product and compressive strength increased linearly with time, resulting in a strong correlation between the two; and (3) fully set CPC consisted primarily of small rod-like crystals and some platy crystals.
ΑΝΗΣΥΧΙΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΕΙΣ ΕΠΑΡΚΕΙΑΣ ΤΩΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΜΙΑΣ ΚΑΙΝΟΤΟΜΙΑΣ: ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΩΝΤΑΣ ΤΗ ΣΥΖΕΥΞΗ ΤΩΝ ΔΥΟ ΕΝΝΟΙΩΝ (2007)

Πρωταρχικό ρόλο για την eπιτυχία οποιασδήποτe καινοτομίας διαδραματί- ζονν οι ανησυχίeς των eκπαιδeυτικών. Η έρeυνα έχeι δeίξeι ότι οι ανησυχίeς των eκπαιδeυτικών αναπτύσσονται σe τρeις διαδοχικές φάσeις: ως προς τον eαυτό, το συγκeκριμένο έργο και την αναμeνόμeνη eπίδραση τον, αντίστοιχα. Μια άλλη παράμeτρος που βρέθηκe ότι eπηρeάζeι τη στάση των eκπαιδeυτικών έναντι μιας καινοτομίας eίναι οι πeποιθήσeις eπάρκeιας τους. Στην παρούσα έρeυνα αξιολογeίται ένα μοντέλο σύζeυξης των ανησυχιών και πeποιθήσeων eπάρκeιας των eκπαιδeυτικών ως προς μια καινοτομία που eισήχθη στα βιβλία των Μαθηματικών τον δημοτικού σχολeίου. Η ανάλυση δeδομένων από 157 eκπαιδeυτικούς έδeιξe ότι οι τeλeυταίοι παρουσίαζαν έντονeς ανησνχίeς (ος προς την ικανότητα τονς να ανταποκριθούν στην καινοτομία και ένιωθαν πιο eπαρκeίς να διδάξονν χωρίς να τη χρησιμοποιούν. Από την ανάλνση προέκυψe, eπίσης, ένα πιο σύνθeτο πλέγμα αλληλeπιδράσeων μeταξύ των ανησυχιών και των πeποιθήσeων eπάρκeιας των eκπαιδeυτικών σe σχέση μe αντίστοιχα αποτeλέσματα προηγούμeνων eρeυνών. Τα eυρήματα αυτά έχουν eπιπτώσeις τόσο σe eρeυνητικό eπίπeδο όσο και αναφορικά μe την πολιτική eφαρμογής καινοτομιών.
Alendronate produces greater effects than raloxifene on bone density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women with low bone density: results of EFFECT (EFficacy of FOSAMAX® versus EVISTA®Comparison Trial) International1 (2004)

In postmenopausal women with low bone density, improvements in BMD and markers of bone turnover were substantially greater during treatment with alendronate compared to raloxifene.
Design of a programmable multi-pattern FES system for restoring foot drop in stroke rehabilitation (2010)

A programmable and portable multi-pattern transcutaneous neuromuscular stimulator was developed and evaluated for correction of foot drop in stroke subjects. The stimulator unit was designed to optimize functionality while keeping its size and power consumption to a minimum. It had two channels of biphasic stimulation (charge-balanced and constant current), and all parameters were programmable to accommodate a range of stimulation profiles. The 'natural' electromyographic (EMG) pattern of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle stimulation envelope algorithms and constant amplitude stimulation envelope was provided for foot drop corrections in stroke patients. A foot-switch sensor was used to trigger the device in the swing phase of gait cycle. Various tests on prototype units were performed, including output power characteristics with a skin model, and tested with a stroke subject to validate the results. This paper provides a detailed description of the hardware and block-level functional electrical stimulation (FES) system design for applications in stroke rehabilitation.
Plasmin cleavage of vitronectin Identification of the site and consequent attenuation in binding plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (1991)

Plasmin is shown to specifically cleave vitronectin at the Arg361-Ser362 bond, 18 amino acid residues upstream from the site of the endogenous cleavage which gives rise to the two-chain form of vitronectin in plasma. The cleavage site is established using the exclusive phosphorylation of Ser378 with protein kinase A. As a result of the plasmin cleavage, the affinity between vitronectin and the type-1 inhibitor of plasminogen activator (PAI-1) is significantly reduced. This cleavage is stimulated by glycosaminoglycans, which are known to anchor vitronectin to the extracellular matrix. A mechanism is proposed through which plasmin can arrest its own production by feedback signalling, unleashing PAI-1 from the immobilized vitronectin found in the vascular subendothelium, which becomes exposed at the locus of a hemostatic event.
On the Relevance of Glycolysis Process on Brain Gliomas (2013)

The proposed analysis considers aspects of both statistical and biological validation of the glycolysis effect on brain gliomas, at both genomic and metabolic level. In particular, two independent datasets are analyzed in parallel, one engaging genomic (Microarray Expression) data and the other metabolomic (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging) data. The aim of this study is twofold. First to show that, apart from the already studied genes (markers), other genes such as those involved in the human cell glycolysis significantly contribute in gliomas discrimination. Second, to demonstrate how the glycolysis process can open new ways towards the design of patient-specific therapeutic protocols. The results of our analysis demonstrate that the combination of genes participating in the glycolytic process (ALDOA, ALDOC, ENO2, GAPDH, HK2, LDHA, LDHB, MDH1, PDHB, PFKM, PGI, PGK1, PGM1 and PKLR) with the already known tumor suppressors (PTEN, Rb, TP53), oncogenes (CDK4, EGFR, PDGF) and HIF-1, enhance the discrimination of low versus high-grade gliomas providing high prediction ability in a cross-validated framework. Following these results and supported by the biological effect of glycolytic genes on cancer cells, we address the study of glycolysis for the development of new treatment protocols.
Secretable Human Platelet-Derived Factor V Originates From the Plasma Pool (1998)

Factor Va (FVa), derived from plasma or released from stimulated platelets, is the essential protein cofactor of the prothrombinase complex. Plasma-derived factor V (FV) is synthesized by the liver, whereas the source of the platelet-derived cofactor has not been unambiguously identified. Megakaryocytes, platelet precursors, are known to synthesize platelet proteins and to endocytose proteins from plasma (ie, fibrinogen) and then package these proteins into -granules. To determine which mechanism accounts for FV presence in platelets, two patients heterozygous for FVLeiden who underwent allogeneic transplantation from homozygous FV wild-type donors (bone marrow [BM] or liver) were studied. Patient JMW, whose skin biopsy specimen showed heterozygous FVLeiden, received a BM transplant from a wild-type homozygous FV donor as analyzed from posttransplant peripheral blood cells. Patient FW, whose native liver is heterozygous for FVLeiden, received a homozygous wild-type FV liver. Because each individual has two distinct genetic pools of factor V in liver and megakaryocytes, it was possible to determine whether secretable platelet-derived FV was normal or contained the FVLeiden mutation. Platelet-derived FVa released from thrombin-activated platelets from a normal individual, an individual heterozygous for the FVLeiden mutation, and the two patients was incubated with phospholipid vesicles and activated protein C (APC). Western blotting analyses using a monoclonal antibody that allows distinction between platelet-derived FVa and FVaLeiden subsequent to APC-catalyzed cleavage were then performed. Based on the accumulation of proteolytic fragments derived from APC-induced cleavage, analyses of platelet-derived FVa from JMW demonstrated both normal FVa and FVaLeiden consistent with a plasma-derived origin of the secretable platelet-derived FVa. Western blotting analyses of the APC-cleaved platelet-derived FVa from FW showed a wild-type phenotype, despite the presence of a FVLeiden allele in her megakaryocyte genome, also consistent with a plasma origin of her secretable platelet-derived FVa. Platelets do not appear to endocytose the plasma cofactor, because a 35-hour incubation of platelet-rich plasma with 125I-factor V showed no specific association/uptake of the radiolabeled ligand with the platelet pellet. Collectively, these results show for the first time that the majority of secretable platelet-derived factor V is endocytosed by megakaryocytes from plasma and is not exclusively synthesized by these cells, as previously believed. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Lighting sensitive display (2004)

Although display devices have been used for decades, they have functioned without taking into account the illumination of their environment. We present the concept of a lighting sensitive display (LSD)---a display that measures the incident illumination and modifies its content accordingly. An ideal LSD would be able to measure the 4D illumination field incident upon it and generate a 4D light field in response to the illumination. However, current sensing and display technologies do not allow for such an ideal implementation. Our initial LSD prototype uses a 2D measurement of the illumination field and produces a 2D image in response to it. In particular, it renders a 3D scene such that it always appears to be lit by the real environment that the display resides in. The current system is designed to perform best when the light sources in the environment are distant from the display, and a single user in a known location views the display. The displayed scene is represented by compressing a very large set of images (acquired or rendered) of the scene that correspond to different lighting conditions. The compression algorithm is a lossy one that exploits not only image correlations over the illumination dimensions but also coherences over the spatial dimensions of the image. This results in a highly compressed representation of the original image set. This representation enables us to achieve high quality relighting of the scene in real time. Our prototype LSD can render 640 × 480 images of scenes under complex and varying illuminations at 15 frames per second using a 2 GHz processor. We conclude with a discussion on the limitations of the current implementation and potential areas for future research.
Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer to Nucleus Pulposus Cells (1998)

The results show the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the intervertebral disc. Expression of the marker gene persisted at least 12 weeks in vivo. This successful demonstration of exogenous gene transfer to the disc and sustained, long-term expression suggests that the adenoviral vector may be suitable for delivery of appropriate genes to the disc for the treatment of spinal disorders.
Ground-glass opacity of the lung parenchyma: a guide to analysis with high-resolution CT. (1993)

Ground-glass opacity is a frequent but nonspecific finding on high-resolution CT scans of the lung parenchyma. The underlying abnormality is diverse; any condition that decreases the air content of the lung parenchyma without totally obliterating the alveoli can produce ground-glass opacity. These processes are not visible on high-resolution CT scans. However, in specific clinical settings, the information provided by high-resolution CT is considerable when the anatomic distribution and associated structural changes to the lung parenchyma are analyzed. This pictorial essay illustrates the pathologic basis of ground-glass opacity and provides a guide to the differential diagnosis of the disorders that can produce this appearance.
Review spotlight (2011)

Many people read online reviews written by other users to learn more about a product or venue. However, the overwhelming amount of user-generated reviews and variance in length, detail and quality across the reviews make it difficult to glean useful information. In this paper, we present the iterative design of our system, called Review Spotlight. It provides a brief overview of reviews using adjective-noun word pairs, and allows the user to quickly explore the reviews in greater detail. Through a laboratory user study which required participants to perform decision making tasks, we showed that participants could form detailed impressions about restaurants and decide between two options significantly faster with Review Spotlight than with traditional review webpages.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir in low-risk HIV-uninfected individuals: HPTN 077, a phase 2a randomized controlled trial (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov Trial number: NCT02178800.
Phase-functioned neural networks for character control (2017)

We present a real-time character control mechanism using a novel neural network architecture called a Phase-Functioned Neural Network. In this network structure, the weights are computed via a cyclic function which uses the phase as an input. Along with the phase, our system takes as input user controls, the previous state of the character, the geometry of the scene, and automatically produces high quality motions that achieve the desired user control. The entire network is trained in an end-to-end fashion on a large dataset composed of locomotion such as walking, running, jumping, and climbing movements fitted into virtual environments. Our system can therefore automatically produce motions where the character adapts to different geometric environments such as walking and running over rough terrain, climbing over large rocks, jumping over obstacles, and crouching under low ceilings. Our network architecture produces higher quality results than time-series autoregressive models such as LSTMs as it deals explicitly with the latent variable of motion relating to the phase. Once trained, our system is also extremely fast and compact, requiring only milliseconds of execution time and a few megabytes of memory, even when trained on gigabytes of motion data. Our work is most appropriate for controlling characters in interactive scenes such as computer games and virtual reality systems.
The steady-state response of the cerebral cortex to the beat of music reflects both the comprehension of music and attention (2015)

The brain's analyses of speech and music share a range of neural resources and mechanisms. Music displays a temporal structure of complexity similar to that of speech, unfolds over comparable timescales, and elicits cognitive demands in tasks involving comprehension and attention. During speech processing, synchronized neural activity of the cerebral cortex in the delta and theta frequency bands tracks the envelope of a speech signal, and this neural activity is modulated by high-level cortical functions such as speech comprehension and attention. It remains unclear, however, whether the cortex also responds to the natural rhythmic structure of music and how the response, if present, is influenced by higher cognitive processes. Here we employ electroencephalography to show that the cortex responds to the beat of music and that this steady-state response reflects musical comprehension and attention. We show that the cortical response to the beat is weaker when subjects listen to a familiar tune than when they listen to an unfamiliar, non-sensical musical piece. Furthermore, we show that in a task of intermodal attention there is a larger neural response at the beat frequency when subjects attend to a musical stimulus than when they ignore the auditory signal and instead focus on a visual one. Our findings may be applied in clinical assessments of auditory processing and music cognition as well as in the construction of auditory brain-machine interfaces.
"Seek Ye First": Prophetic Counsel for Establishing Priorities in Our Lives (2004)

What is our most important priority in life?Is it our Church callings?Is it our spouse or children?Is it our occupation?Is it possible or even wise to rank these priorities?Frequently, our choices in life consist of simple distinctions between good and evil.At other times, they do not.Often, we find that decision making is actually fraught with perplexing choices between good and better, important and vital, or needful and essential.Perhaps such dilemmas are one of the very reasons we come to this mortal sphere-to experience the interplay among time, talents, and agency.Fortunately, latter-day prophets and seers give us ample guidance with these matters and even teach in clear terms not only what our specific priorities should be but also how we can establish and balance them in our lives.After a Church Educational System (CES) fireside on February 5, 1999, Elder Jeffrey R. Holland gave additional counsel to CES faculty and guests who remained in the Assembly Hall on Temple Square.Among other things, he gave the following ranking of priorities we should seek to establish in our lives: (1) our physical and spiritual selves, (2) our spouses, (3) our children, (4) our Church callings, (5) our professional lives, and (6) our civic responsibilities.Elder Holland assured those assembled that this list is nothing new and that prior prophets have taught the same.In 1972, President Harold B. Lee counseled: "Most men do not set priorities to guide them in allocating their time and most men forget that the first priority should be to maintain their own spiritual and physical strength; then comes their family, then the Church and then their professions, and all need time." 1
Tuning microenvironment modulus and biochemical composition promotes human mesenchymal stem cell tenogenic differentiation (2016)

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising for the regeneration of tendon and ligament tissues. Toward realizing this potential, microenvironment conditions are needed for promoting robust lineage‐specific differentiation into tenocytes/ligament fibroblasts. Here, we utilized a statistical design of experiments approach to examine combinations of matrix modulus, composition, and soluble factors in human MSC tenogenic/ligamentogenic differentiation. Specifically, well‐defined poly(ethylene glycol)‐based hydrogels were synthesized using thiol–ene chemistry providing a bioinert base for probing cell response to extracellular matrix cues. Monomer concentrations were varied to achieve a range of matrix moduli ( E ∼ 10–90 kPa), and different ratios of integrin‐binding peptides were incorporated (GFOGER and RGDS for collagen and fibronectin, respectively), mimicking aspects of developing tendon/ligament tissue. A face‐centered central composite response surface design was utilized to understand the contributions of these cues to human MSC differentiation in the presence of soluble factors identified to promote tenogenesis/ligamentogenesis (BMP‐13 and ascorbic acid). Increasing modulus and collagen mimetic peptide content increased relevant gene expression and protein production or retention (scleraxis, collagen I, tenascin‐C). These findings could inform the design of materials for tendon/ligament regeneration. More broadly, the design of experiments enabled efficient data acquisition and analysis, requiring fewer replicates than if each factor had been varied one at a time. This approach can be combined with other stimuli (for example, mechanical stimulation) toward a better mechanistic understanding of differentiation down these challenging lineages. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1162–1174, 2016.
Design and Synthesis of Macrocyclic Ligands and Their Complexes of Lanthanides and Actinides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and Synthesis of Macrocyclic Ligands and Their Complexes of Lanthanides and ActinidesV. AlexanderCite this: Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2, 273–342Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00034a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00034a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6570Altmetric-Citations678LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin regulates expression of the human growth hormone gene in transfected cells. (1988)

Insulin has been shown to inhibit rat growth hormone (GH) gene transcription. The effects of insulin were therefore tested on the expression of a transfected human GH gene. A 2.6-kilobase EcoRI fragment of the human GH gene was propagated in pUC18 and transfected by calcium-phosphate shock into HeLa and GC cells, respectively. Transfected cells grown in serum-free medium for 72 h expressed human GH measured by specific radioimmunoassay, incorporation of [35S] methionine into newly synthesized GH, and the presence of the appropriately sized protected transcripts seen after RNase protection assay. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that insulin (0.7-7 nM) suppressed both the basal as well as the hydrocortisone (100 nM)-stimulated expression of newly synthesized 22-kDa GH in a dose-dependent fashion. Insulin (7 nM) also suppressed the basal and hydrocortisone-stimulated GH mRNA transcripts in these cells. Control nontransfected cells did not express human GH. Cells transfected with the truncated pOGH gene and pTKGH gene failed to respond to insulin treatment, whereas the human GH promoter was able to confer insulin responsiveness to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. cis-Acting regulatory sequences residing on the 497-base pair 5'-flanking region of the human GH gene therefore appear to be a requirement for human GH gene response to the insulin signal.
Towards a hybrid approach to SoC estimation for a smart Battery Management System (BMS) and battery supported Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) (2012)

One of the most important and indispensable parameters of a Battery Management System (BMS) is to accurately estimate the State of Charge (SoC) of battery. Precise estimation of SoC can prevent battery from damage or premature aging by avoiding over charge or discharge. Due to the limited capacity of a battery, advanced methods must be used to estimate precisely the SoC in order to keep battery safely being charged and discharged at a suitable level and to prolong its life cycle. We review several existing effective approaches such as Coulomb counting, Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) and Kalman Filter method for performing the SoC estimation. Then we investigate both Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach and Formal Methods (FM) approach that can be efficiently used to precisely determine the SoC estimation for the smart battery management system as presented in [1]. By using presented approach, a more accurate SoC measurement can be obtained for the smart battery management system and battery supported Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS).