gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of the neuroectodermal intermediate filament nestin in human melanomas. (1994)

Nestin is a newly identified intermediate filament expressed in proliferating neuronal progenitor cells, but not in the adult brain. Nestin expression reappears in many tumors of the central nervous system and has in human glioblastomas been associated with a high degree of malignancy. Because melanocytes are of neuroectodermal origin, we studied nestin expression in benign and malignant cells of the melanocytic lineage using Northern blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Nestin mRNA was detected in 24 of 34 metastatic melanomas and in 1 of 4 benign nevi, whereas the protein was expressed in 10 of 15 primary melanomas, in 29 of 34 metastatic tumors, and in 3 of 4 nevi. Neither normal melanocytes nor any of 4 basal cell carcinomas showed detectable levels of the protein. The high fraction of melanocytic tumors which express nestin, particularly the metastatic melanomas, suggests that nestin may be a useful marker for such malignancies. Furthermore, although no significant correlation between nestin expression and tumor malignancy was observed, the protein was most abundantly expressed in the infiltrating part of the tumors, indicating a possible involvement of nestin in tumor invasion.
Choline's phosphorylation in rat striatal slices is regulated by the activity of cholinergic neurons (1996)

The mechanism by which populations of brain cells regulate the flux of choline (Ch) into membrane or neurotransmitter biosynthesis was investigated using electrically stimulated superfused slices of rat corpus striatum. [Me-14C]Ch placed in the superfusion medium for 30 min during a 1-h stimulation period was incorporated into tissue [14C] phosphorylcholine (PCh) and [14C]phosphatidylcholine (PtdCh). Stimulation also caused a profound inhibition of PCh synthesis and a 10-fold increase in [14C]ACh release into the medium; it failed to affect tissue [14C]ACh levels. This effect was not explained by changes in ATP levels nor in the kinetic properties of Ch kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.32) or Ch acetyltransferase (ChAT) (E.C.2.3.1.7). To investigate the mechanism of these effects, Ch uptake studies were performed with and without hemicholinium-3 (HC3), a selective inhibitor of high affinity Ch uptake. A two-compartment model accurately fit the observed data and yielded a K(m) for Ch uptake of 5 microM into cholinergic structures and 72 microM into all other cells. Using this model it was estimated that cholinergic neurons account for 60% of observed uptake of Ch at physiologic Ch concentrations, even though they represent fewer than 1% of the total cells in the slice. The model also predicts that an increase in Ch uptake within cholinergic neurons, reported to be associated with depolarization [4,27,32], would significantly inhibit Ch uptake into all other cells, and would account for the observed decrease in PCh synthesis.
Measuring biological diversity (2004)

As prehistoric cave paintings illustrate, our species has had an enduring appreciation of the variety and abundance of life on Earth. Today, however, concern is focused on the pressure humanity is placing on the natural world, and on the continued ability of ecosystems to deliver the services on which we all depend. To understand the extent of this 'biodiversity crisis' and develop strategies to ameliorate its impact, it is essential to be able to accurately measure biological diversity (a term often contracted to biodiversity) and make informed predictions about how and why this diversity varies over space and time.
Prevalence of Embryotoxic Factor in Sera From Women With Unexplained Recurrent Abortion (1995)

The embryotoxicity assay can serve as a basis for a new approach for classification of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Natural Antibodies to Factor VIII (2000)

Anti-factor VIII antibodies represent a unique model to study the relationship between natural autoreactivity (natural antibodies to factor VIII of healthy individuals), disease-associated autoimmunity ("spontaneous" factor VIII inhibitors of patients with anti-factor VIII autoimmune disease) and antigen-driven immune responses (immune inhibitors in multitransfused patients with hemophilia A) to a single human protein antigen. Although natural and disease-associated anti-factor VIII antibodies are not readily distinguished based on the comparison of their isotypic distribution and epitope mapping, available studies of cross-reacting idiotypes suggest that factor VIII inhibitors in patient's plasma encompass two populations of anti-factor VIII antibodies. Some antibodies result from the clonal expansion of B lymphocytes that exist before treatment with factor VIII and secrete anti-factor VIII antibodies with properties similar to those of natural anti-factor VIII antibodies present in healthy individuals; other inhibitors are produced by B cell clones that have undergone affinity maturation and hypermutation of the V regions of the antibodies they produce. The implications for the treatment of patients with anti-factor VIII inhibitors are discussed.
Support for repetitive transactions and ad hoc queries in System R (1981)

System R supports a high-level relational user language called SQL which may be used by ad hoc users at terminals or as an embedded data sublanguage in PL/I or COBOL. Host-language programs with embedded SQL statements are processed by the System R precompiler which replaces the SQL statements by calls to a machine-language access module. The precompilation approach removes much of the work of parsing, name binding, and access path selection from the path of a running program, enabling highly efficient support for repetitive transactions. Ad hoc queries are processed by a similar approach of name binding and access path selection which takes place on-line when the query is specified. By providing a flexible spectrum of binding times, System R permits transaction-oriented programs and ad hoc query users to share a database without loss of efficiency. System R is an experimental database management system designed and built by members of the IBM San Jose Research Laboratory as part of a research program on the relational model of data. This paper describes the architecture of System R, and gives some preliminary measurements of system performance in both the ad hoc query and the “canned program” environments.
Correction of the Marfan Syndrome Pathogenic FBN1 Mutation by Base Editing in Human Cells and Heterozygous Embryos (2018)

There are urgent demands for efficient treatment of heritable genetic diseases. The base editing technology has displayed its efficiency and precision in base substitution in human embryos, providing a potential early-stage treatment for genetic diseases. Taking advantage of this technology, we corrected a Marfan syndrome pathogenic mutation, FBN1<sup>T7498C</sup>. We first tested the feasibility in mutant cells, then successfully achieved genetic correction in heterozygous human embryos. The results showed that the BE3 mediated perfect correction at the efficiency of about 89%. Importantly, no off-target and indels were detected in any tested sites in samples by high-throughput deep sequencing combined with whole-genome sequencing analysis. Our study therefore suggests the efficiency and genetic safety of correcting a Marfan syndrome (MFS) pathogenic mutation in embryos by base editing.
Synthesis and Free Radical Copolymerization of a Vinyl Monomer from Soybean Oil (2015)

A one-step method that converts soybean oil into (acryloylamino)ethyl soyate, a new vinyl monomer of free radical polymerization, was developed. The synthesized monomer combines a vinyl double bond (acryloyl functional group) and nonconjugated (isolated) double bonds of fatty acids. The double bond of the acryloyl group is reactive in a free radical chain polymerization that yields linear macromolecules containing isolated double bonds in side chains. Monomer reactivity ratios (r1, r2) in copolymerization of the new soybean oil-based acrylic monomer (SBA) with styrene, methyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate, as well as the Q–e parameters of the SBA, were determined. The obtained results indicate that copolymerization can be described with the classical Mayo–Lewis equation. In terms of polymerizability, the SBA can be classified as an acrylic monomer. The double bonds of the fatty acid chains remain mainly unaffected during the free radical polymerization. The remaining unsaturated fragments in the side chains make the resulting macromolecules capable of further oxidative cross-linking and the development of cross-linked polymer coatings.
Uptake of a colorectal cancer screening blood test is higher than of a fecal test offered in clinic: A randomized trial (2016)

Colorectal cancer screening programs seek to maintain patient adherence to repeated tests over the duration of patients’ screening eligibility. This study compares uptake of an experimental blood test with that of a FIT for colorectal cancer screening in an office setting. This small two-site randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, ID NCT02251782) assigned 413 average-risk adults overdue for screening in an integrated health system to one of two arms: Offer of a FIT versus offer of a blood test for colorectal cancer screening. The primary outcome was completion of the offered test within six weeks. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants with positive test results, and the proportion of participants with positive results who completed colonoscopy within 3 months of referral. 99.5% (CI95: 97.3%-100%) of participants in the blood test arm and 88.1% (CI95: 83.0% − 91.8%) of participants in the FIT arm completed the offered test, a difference of 11.4% (CI95: 6.9% − 15.9%, p<.001). 16.5% of participants in the blood test arm and 1.7% of participants in the FIT arm had a positive test. 20 of 30 and 2 of 3 in the blood test and FIT arms, respectively, either scheduled or completed a colonoscopy within 3 months of the positive test result. Uptake of a blood test was higher than that of a FIT among participants in a randomized controlled trial. A blood test may be a useful option for those hesitant to screen with currently available tests.
Combination Checkpoint Blockade — Taking Melanoma Immunotherapy to the Next Level (2013)

Wolchok et al.1 and Hamid et al.2 report in the Journal the results of phase 1 clinical trials showing that the combination of PD-1 and CTLA-4 antibody blockers leads to improved treatment outcomes in patients with melanoma, without an escalation of toxic effects. The results of these trials are striking and complementary. In the trial by Hamid et al., a PD-1 monoclonal antibody was administered in patients who had had a relapse after CTLA-4 antibody monotherapy (ipilimumab); the authors found that durable and clinically significant responses were as common and robust as were those observed in patients who had not . . .
Platelet Activation and Atherothrombosis (2007)

This review of the role of platelets in atherothrombosis illuminates the surprisingly numerous activities of these tiny, anucleate cells and stresses their participation in the inflammatory component of atherothrombosis. The information is presented in the context of the prevention of atherothrombosis by antiplatelet agents now in clinical use.
Biomarkers for Basal-like Breast Cancer (2010)

Initially recognized through microarray-based gene expression profiling, basal-like breast cancer, for which we lack effective targeted therapies, is an aggressive form of carcinoma with a predilection for younger women. With some success, immunohistochemical studies have attempted to reproduce the expression profile classification of breast cancer through identification of subtype-specific biomarkers. This review aims to present an in depth summary and analysis of the current status of basal-like breast cancer biomarker research. While a number of biomarkers show promise for future clinical application, the next logical step is a comprehensive investigation of all biomarkers against a gene expression profile gold standard for breast cancer subtype assignment.
Transforming Growth Factor-β-activated Kinase 1 Is Essential for Differentiation and the Prevention of Apoptosis in Epidermis (2006)

Transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family and is an upstream signaling molecule of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Given that NF-kappaB regulates keratinocyte differentiation and apoptosis, TAK1 may be essential for epidermal functions. To test this, we generated keratinocyte-specific TAK1-deficient mice from Map3k7(flox/flox) mice and K5-Cre mice. The keratinocyte-specific TAK1-deficient mice were macroscopically indistinguishable from their littermates until postnatal day 2 or 3, when the skin started to roughen and wrinkle. This phenotype progressed, and the mice died by postnatal day 7. Histological analysis showed thickening of the epidermis with foci of keratinocyte apoptosis and intra-epidermal micro-abscesses. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the suprabasal keratinocytes of the TAK1-deficient epidermis expressed keratin 5 and keratin 14, which are normally confined to the basal layer. The expression of keratin 1, keratin 10, and loricrin, which are markers for the suprabasal and late phase differentiation of the epidermis, was absent from the TAK1-deficient epidermis. Furthermore, the TAK1-deficient epidermis expressed keratin 16 and had an increased number of Ki67-positive cells. These data indicate that TAK1 deficiency in keratinocytes results in abnormal differentiation, increased proliferation, and apoptosis in the epidermis. However, the keratinocytes from the TAK1-deficient epidermis induced keratin 1 in suspension culture, indicating that the TAK1-deficient keratinocytes retain the ability to differentiate. Moreover, the removal of TAK1 from cultured keratinocytes of Map3k7(flox/flox) mice resulted in apoptosis, indicating that TAK1 is essential for preventing apoptosis. In conclusion, TAK1 is essential in the regulation of keratinocyte growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Direct Electrochemistry of Glucose Oxidase and Biosensing for Glucose Based on Graphene (2009)

We first reported that polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected graphene was dispersed well in water and had good electrochemical reduction toward O(2) and H(2)O(2). With glucose oxidase (GOD) as an enzyme model, we constructed a novel polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected graphene/polyethylenimine-functionalized ionic liquid/GOD electrochemical biosensor, which achieved the direct electron transfer of GOD, maintained its bioactivity and showed potential application for the fabrication of novel glucose biosensors with linear glucose response up to 14 mM.
Enhancement of Secretion and Extracellular Stability of Staphylokinase in Bacillus subtilis by wprA Gene Disruption (2000)

Staphylokinase (SAK), a polypeptide secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, is a plasminogen activator with a therapeutic potential in thrombosis diseases. A Bacillus subtilis strain which is multiply deficient in exoproteases was transformed by an expression plasmid carrying a promoter and a signal sequence of subtilisin fused in frame with the sak open reading frame. However, the amount of SAK secretion was marginal (45 mg/liter). In contrast, disruption of the wprA gene, which encodes a subtilisin-type protease, strongly promoted the production of SAK in the stationary phase (181 mg/liter). In addition, the extracellular stability of mature SAK was dramatically enhanced. These data indicate a significant role of the wprA gene product in degrading foreign proteins, both during secretion and in the extracellular milieu.
DNA denaturation in situ. Effect of divalent cations and alcohols. (1976)

Heat denaturation profiles of rat thymus DNA, in intact cells, reveal the presence of two main DNA fractions differing in sensitivities to heat. The thermosensitive DNA fraction shows certain properties similar to those of free DNA: its stability to heat is decreased by alcohols and is increased in the presence of the divalent cations Ca2+, Mn2+, or Mg2+ at concentrations of 0.1-1.0 mM. Unlike free DNA, however, this fraction denatures over a wide range of temperature, and is heterogeneous, consisting of at least two subfractions with different melting points. The thermoresistant DNA fraction shows lowered stability to heat in the presence of Ca2+, Mn2+, or Mg2+ and increased stability in the presence of alcohols. It denatures within a relatively narrow range of temperature, consists of at least three subfractions, and, most likely, represents DNA masked by histones. The effect of Ca2+, Mn2+, or Mg2+ in lowering the melting point of the thermoresistant DNA fraction is seen at cation concentrations comparable to those required to maintain gross chromatin structure in cell nuclei or to support superhelical DNA conformation in isolated chromatin (0.5-1.0 mM). It is probable that factors involved in the maintenance of gross chromatin organization in situ and/or related to DNA superhelicity also have a role in modulating DNA-histone interactions, and that DNA-protein interactions as revealed by conventional methods using isolated chromatin may be different from those revealed when gross chromatin morphology remains intact.
The Yeast Proteome Database (YPD) and Caenorhabditis elegans Proteome Database (WormPD): comprehensive resources for the organization and comparison of model organism protein information (2000)

The Yeast Proteome Database (YPDtrade mark) has been for several years a resource for organized and accessible information about the proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have now extended the YPD format to create a database containing complete proteome information about the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (WormPDtrade mark). YPD and WormPD are designed for use not only by their respective research communities but also by the broader scientific community. In both databases, information gleaned from the literature is presented in a consistent, user-friendly Protein Report format: a single Web page presenting all available knowledge about a particular protein. Each Protein Report begins with a Title Line, a concise description of the function of that protein that is continually updated as curators review new literature. Properties and functions of the protein are presented in tabular form in the upper part of the Report, and free-text annotations organized by topic are presented in the lower part. Each Protein Report ends with a comprehensive reference list whose entries are linked to their MEDLINE s. YPD and WormPD are seamlessly integrated, with extensive links between the species. They are freely accessible to academic users on the WWW at http://www. proteome.com/databases/index.html, and are available by subscription to corporate users.
Lactoferrin as a suppressor of cell migration of gastrointestinal cell lines (1997)

The effects of lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein, on cell migration were investigated. Lf inhibited the cell migration of three gastrointestinal cell lines (Caco-2 cells, AGS cells, and IEC-18 cells) in vitro. Both iron-saturated (holo) and iron-depleted (apo) Lf showed this inhibitory effect. Chelation of iron in the culture medium by desferrioxamine did not affect the activity of either form of Lf. A pepsin hydrolysate of Lf exhibited effectiveness similar to that of intact Lf. These results demonstrate a novel activity of Lf and suggest a potential role for this molecule in gastrointestinal wound healing, which is independent of its iron-binding capacity.
A low phase noise W-band InP-HBT monolithic push-push VCO (2002)

This paper reports on what is believed to be the highest frequency bipolar VCO MMIC so far reported. The W-band VCO is based on a push-push oscillator topology which employs InP-HBTs with f/sub T/'s and f/sub max/'s of 70 and 200 GHz, respectively. The W-band VCO produces a maximum oscillating frequency of 108 GHz and delivers an output power of +0.92 dBm into 50 /spl Omega/. The VCO also obtains a tuning range of 2.73 GHz or 2.6% using a monolithic varactor. A phase noise of -88 dBc/Hz and -109 dBc/Hz is achieved at 1 MHz and 10 MHz offsets, respectively, and is believed to be the lowest phase noise reported for a monolithic W-band VCO. The push-push VCO design approach enables higher VCO frequency operation, lower noise performance, and smaller size which is attractive for MM-wave frequency source applications.
[Structural analysis of 22 full-length hepatitis B virus genomes isolated from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma]. (2004)

Genotype and gene mutation of HBV may be closely correlated with the carcinogenesis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
Effects of batch to batch variations and test methodology on degree of crystallinity and melting temperature of UHMW-PE as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (1996)

The thermal and structural analysis of a total 22 batches from three medical grade ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) resins was determined using the DSC method. Batch to batch variations of approximately 5% were obtained for the melting temperature and the degree of crystallinity. The variations correlated both to the changes caused by gamma-irradiation sterilization and subsequent aging, and to the differences in DSC results obtained from various laboratories on materials believed to exhibit essentially similar clinical performances. Varying the sample weight from 4.4 to 27.1 mg resulted in a significant relative increase of 5% in the degree of crystallinity. The study shows that the standard double melting/recrystallisation procedure for DSC evaluation produces variations in the melting behaviors of approximately the same magnitude as those indicated by batch lot or sterilization/aging.
Two year randomized controlled trial of etidronate in rheumatoid arthritis: changes in serum aminoterminal telopeptides correlate with radiographic progression of disease. (2003)

Etidronate therapy did not prevent radiologic progression in patients with RA, but the decline in serum PINP and ICTP concentrations suggests a favorable effect on general bone metabolism. Correlation between the change in serum NTx and worsening of the erosion score provides biochemical evidence that osteoclast is the principal cell type responsible for focal bone resorption in RA.
ESHRE guideline: management of women with endometriosis (2014)

NA.
Synthetic nanopores for molecular spectroscopy (2008)

A new technique to sequence single strand DNA by translocation through a synthetic graphene nanopore is discussed. An amplifier connecting the two sides of the nanopore produces a feedback signal sufficient for dielectrophoresis of ssDNA through the nanopore. The feedback signal also amplifies the size and electrical differences in the DNA bases as they translocate through the nanopore. Focused electron beam, focused ion beam and scanning tunneling current microscope probe were used to produce the graphene nanopore with only scanning tunneling probe reproducibly resulting in 1 nm pores.
Statistical Analysis on Psychological Health of Information and Computational Science Students (2011)

In order to research the level of psychological of information and computational science undergraduates in North China Institute of science and technology,we make a comprehensive analysis on the test data with the aid of multivariate statistial analysis.The results show:the level of psychological health in this major is lower than it in the school, sex differences are not observable,but the second and the third grade students are in the relatively poor mental heath.The last,expound the recommendations to the psychological health problems,which can provide the necessary theoretical basis for improving psychological quality of students,developing intelligence and exploring college students' mental health education model.