gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists disrupt the formation of a mammalian neural map. (1992)

The topographic ordering of retinal connections in the rat superior colliculus emerges during early postnatal life from an initially diffuse projection. Disruption of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activity in the superior colliculus during this period interferes with map remodeling. In rats chronically treated with NMDA receptor antagonists during the first two postnatal weeks, aberrant axons remain and arborize at topographically incorrect sites. These results indicate that, at a stage preceding visually evoked activity, normal NMDA receptor function is important for the development of an ordered neural map in the mammalian brain.
Screening a combinatorial peptide library to develop a human glandular kallikrein 2–activated prodrug as targeted therapy for prostate cancer (2004)

The hK2-activated thapsigargin prodrug represents potential novel targeted therapy for prostate cancer.
Cloning and functional expression of the T cell activation antigen CD26 (1993)

A cDNA encoding the T cell activation Ag CD26 was isolated from human PHA-activated T cells by using an expression cloning method. The nucleotide sequence obtained predicts a protein of 766 amino acids of type II membrane topology, with six amino acids in the cytoplasmic region. The predicted amino acid sequence of the Ag was 85% homologous to that of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme isolated from rat liver. Derivatives of the human leukemic T cell line Jurkat transfected with a CD26 expression plasmid were established. Characterization of the CD26 Ag expressed by the transfected Jurkat cells revealed that the Ag could be immunoprecipitated as a 110-kDa molecule similar to that found on peripheral blood T cells and that the Ag had dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity. Functional analysis of these Jurkat transfectants showed that cross-linking of the CD26 and CD3 Ag with their respective antibodies resulted in enhanced intracellular calcium mobilization and IL-2 production. These results provide direct evidence that the CD26 Ag plays a role in T cell activation.
Blocking core fucosylation of TGF-β1 receptors downregulates their functions and attenuates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells (2011)

Posttranslational modification of proteins could regulate their multiple biological functions. Transforming growth factor-β receptor I and II (ALK5 and TGF-βRII), which are glycoproteins, play important roles in the renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we examined the role of core fucosylation of TGF-βRII and ALK5, which is regulated by α-1,6 fucosyltransferase (Fut8), in the process of EMT of cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. The typical cell model of EMT induced by TGF-β1 was constructed to address the role of core fucosylation in EMT. Core fucosylation was found to be essential for both TGF-βRII and ALK5 to fulfill their functions, and blocking it with Fut8 small interfering RNA greatly reduced the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 protein, caused the inactivation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling, and resulted in remission of EMT. More importantly, even with high levels of expressions of TGF-β1, TGF-βRII, and ALK5, blocking core fucosylation also could attenuate the EMT of HK-2 cells. Thus blocking core fucosylation of TGF-βRII and ALK5 may attenuate EMT independently of the expression of these proteins. This study may provide new insight into the role of glycosylation in renal interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, core fucosylation may be a novel potential therapeutic target for treatment of renal tubular EMT.
Graft Failure after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (2007)

Graft failure is a significant complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). It may result from rejection caused by recipient T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, or antibodies. It is increased in HLA-mismatched grafts, unrelated grafts, T cell-replete transplants, sensitized patients, and in patients treated with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). In recipients of unrelated grafts, graft failure is increased in patients receiving major AB0 blood group mismatched transplants (P = .008). Recent data also suggest that donor-specific antibodies to CD34(+)/VEGFR-2(+) cells may be involved in graft failure after alloHCT. Graft failure may be overcome by more intensified conditioning, increased cell dose, or more effective immunosuppression. With more frequent use of RIC, cord blood grafts and other HLA-mismatched transplants, graft failure is an increasing problem after alloHCT.
Ordered Porous Carbons with Tunable Pore Sizes as Catalyst Supports in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (2004)

Ordered uniform porous carbon frameworks with pore sizes in the range of 10 to ∼1000 nm were synthesized against removable colloidal silica crystalline templates by carbonization of phenol and formaldehyde as a carbon precursor. The porous carbons were used as supports for a Pt(50)−Ru(50) alloy catalyst to study their supporting effect on the anodic performance of the catalyst in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The use of the ordered uniform porous carbons resulted in much improved catalytic activity for methanol oxidation in the fuel cell probably due to their high surface areas, large pore volumes, and three-dimensionally interconnected uniform pore structures, which allow a higher degree of dispersion of the catalysts and efficient diffusion of reagents. In general, the smaller the pore sizes in the porous carbons were, the better the catalytic activity for methanol oxidation was. In addition, as pore sizes are getting smaller, the structural integrity with good pore interconnection seems to be getting more important for the catalytic oxidation of methanol. Among the porous carbons studied in this work, the one with about 25 nm in pore diameter (PtRu−C-25) showed the highest performance with power densities of ∼58 and ∼167 mW/cm2 at 30 and 70 °C, respectively. These values roughly correspond to ∼70 and ∼40% increase as compared to those of a commercially available Pt−Ru alloy catalyst (E-TEK), respectively.
Effects in man of single and combined oral doses of reserpine, iproniazid, and D‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1960)

The use of d ‐lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, as a reference standard for the evaluation of psychopathologic symptoms was tested. A group of healthy male volunteers took weekly doses of LSD in order to become familiar with the temporary mental changes induced by the drug. The subjects were able to identify three dose levels of LSD and to differentiate LSD from placebo and other drugs. A standard curve of the responses to LSD could be constructed for these subjects. A combination of reserpine plus iproniazid was found not to produce LSD‐like psychopathologic symptoms. The addition of reserpine and iproniazid to LSD did not change the degree or intensity of LSD‐induced psychopathologic symptoms in man.
6차산업의 구성요소와 팜디자인에 관한 기초연구 (2017)

급격한 도시 증심의 발전으로 인하여 도시와 농촌간의 소득격차는 심화되고, 농촌의 경제가 위기 상황에 놓여 있다. 이러한 소득 문제를 극복할 수 있는 수단으로 다양한 분야에서의 정책적 방법과 지원책이 쏟아져 나오고 있는데, 그 중 ‘6차 산업’에 관한 연구가 확산되고 있다. 6차 산업은 농업의 부가가치를 창출하는 산업으로서, 디자인과 접목된 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 6차 산업과 팜 디자인에 대해 이해하고, 6차 산업의 구성요소를 조사·분석하여 성공적인 팜 디자인을 위한 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 먼저 농림축산식품부에서 발표한 대표적인 우수사례를 선정하고, 6차 산업과 관련된 연구 사례를 통하여 구성요소를 추출하였다. 조사 분석 결과, 현재 6차 산업의 우수사례들은 ‘체험’과 연계된 사업 중 지역의 시각적 이미지와 관련된 사업에 중점을 두고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구자는, 첫째, 기존 농촌사업의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 6차 산업과 연계시켜 민,관,학,연이 상호협력으로 융복합적인 사업이 이루어져야 하며, 둘째, 농촌 어메니티 자원의 전통성을 보존함과 동시에 조화될 수 있는 디자인을 연구하여야 한다. 셋째, 체험과 관련된 산업을 중점으로 소비자를 위한 적극적인 개발이 필요할 것이다.
Decentralized receding horizon control of multiple vehicles subject to communication failure (2009)

In this paper, the decentralized receding horizon control (DRHC) of multiple cooperative vehicles with the possibility of communication failure is investigated. The neighboring vehicles exchange their computed trajectories at each sample time to maintain cooperation objectives. It is assumed that the communication failure is partial in nature, which in turn leads to large communication delays. A new reconfigurable DRHC approach is developed that guarantees the safety of the entire fleet in the presence of inter-vehicle communication failures. The concept of tube RHC is introduced to guarantee the safety of the fleet against collisions during faulty conditions. In this approach, a tube shaped trajectory set is used instead of a trajectory for the neighboring vehicles experiencing the communication failure.
Safety profile of interferon-alpha therapy. (1998)

Two forms of recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha2a and IFN-alpha2b) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for a variety of clinical indications, including hairy cell leukemia, hepatitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia (IFN-alpha2a only), and adjuvant therapy for melanoma (IFN-alpha2b only), based on their proven clinical efficacy and acceptable safety profiles. The continued postmarketing monitoring of adverse reactions associated with IFN-alpha therapy has revealed some new toxicities. The most common adverse events associated with IFN-alpha therapy are flu-like symptoms, fatigue, anorexia, and central nervous system and psychiatric reactions. In particular, the incidence of depression has only recently been fully appreciated. Some of these side effects, particularly chronic fatigue, anorexia, and neuropsychiatric reactions, may become dose limiting. New approaches to minimize and manage the side effects of IFN-alpha therapy are needed.
PTEN Gene Alterations in Lymphoid Neoplasms (1998)

Recently, a novel phosphatase designated PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 and located on chromosome 10q23.3 has been implicated as a new tumor suppressor gene in human cancer. Allelic loss and mutation of this gene has been reported in epithelial derived tumors, including breast cancer and prostate cancer, and in glioblastoma multiforme. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential involvement of PTEN in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasms. We analyzed 27 hematopoietic cell lines (representing a variety of lymphoid lineages), 65 primary lymphoid tumors (including 24 lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma [LBL], 30 large B-cell lymphoma [LBCL], 7 Burkitt’s lymphoma [BL], and 4 anaplastic large cell lymphoma [ALCL]), and 25 nonmalignant lymph node controls. Gene deletion and gross rearrangement were evaluated using Southern blot analysis, and mutations were studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing. Six of 27 cell lines (22.2%) and 3 of 65 primary lymphomas (4.6%) contained alterations of this gene. A large homozygous deletion spanning exons 2 through 5 was detected in one LBL cell line, and two insertions potentially resulting in premature termination, were detected in a second LBL cell line. Nonconservative nucleotide variations were found in two other cell lines (one LBCL and one BL) and in one primary case of LBCL. In addition, two other cell lines (one BL and one myeloma) and two primary lymphomas, both LBCL, contained small deletions within intron 7. These deletions mapped to a poly-T–rich tract just 5′ to the intron 7/exon 8 spice site. Their significance is unclear, as they may represent polymorphisms. Overall, our results suggest that abnormalities of the PTEN gene can contribute to pathogenesis in a small percentage of malignant lymphomas. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.
A brief review on upper extremity robotic exoskeleton systems (2011)

Robotic exoskeleton systems are one of the highly active areas in recent robotic research. These systems have been developed significantly to be used for the human power augmentation, robotic rehabilitation, human power assist, and haptic interaction in virtual reality. Unlike the robots used in industry, the robotic exoskeleton systems should be designed with special consideration since they directly interact with human user. In the mechanical design of these systems, movable ranges, safety, comfort wearing, low inertia, and adaptability should be especially considered. Controllability, responsiveness, flexible and smooth motion generation, and safety should especially be considered in the controllers of exoskeleton systems. Furthermore, the controller should generate the motions in accordance with the human motion intention. This paper briefly reviews the upper extremity robotic exoskeleton systems. In the short review, it is focused to identify the brief history, basic concept, challenges, and future development of the robotic exoskeleton systems. Furthermore, key technologies of upper extremity exoskeleton systems are reviewed by taking state-of-the-art robot as examples.
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film Transistor on Plastic With an Organic Gate Insulator (2004)

We developed a high-performance, hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor (a-Si:H TFT) on plastic substrate using an organic gate insulator. The TFT with a silicon-nitride (SiN/sub x/) gate insulator exhibited a field-effect mobility of 0.3 cm/sup 2//Vs and a threshold voltage of 5 V. On the other hand, an a-Si:H TFT with an organic gate insulator of BCB (benzocyclobutene) has a field-effect mobility of 0.4 cm/sup 2//Vs and a threshold voltage of 0.7 V. The leakage currents through the gate insulator of an a-Si:H TFT with an organic gate insulator is about two orders of magnitude lower than that of an a-Si:H TFT with a SiN/sub x/ gate insulator.
Preferred and avoided codon pairs in three domains of life (2008)

Translational selection shapes codon pair usage in protein coding sequences by rules that are common to all three domains of life. The most frequently avoided codon pairs contain the patterns nnUAnn, nnGGnn, nnGnnC, nnCGCn, GUCCnn, CUCCnn, nnCnnA or UUCGnn. The most frequently preferred codon pairs contain the patterns nnGCnn, nnCAnn or nnUnCn.
Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the α‐subunit of Gi2, a GTP‐binding signal transduction protein (1988)

We isolated and characterized human genomic clones encompassing the gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein abundantly expressed in myeloid cells. The gene is divided into 9 exons and spans 23.5 kb. Exons 2, 6 and 7 encode putative guanine nucleotide-binding domains that are highly conserved among GTP-binding proteins. A polyadenylation signal located within exon 9 predicts an mRNA size (approximately 2.3 kb) several hundred bases longer than that of published cDNAs, and consistent with the size seen on RNA blot hybridization. Primer extension and S1 nuclease analysis determined a major and several minor transcriptional start sites. The first exon and 5' flanking region are highly G + C rich, contain several GC boxes (SP1 transcription factor binding sites), a CAAT box, and lack a TATA box. The presumptive promoter region is thus similar to that of ras and other widely expressed genes.
Cutaneous allergic reaction to intramuscular vitamin K1 (1999)

A 40-year-old woman with no pre-existing hepatic disease developed a cutaneous allergic reaction to intramuscular vitamin K1. She received this medication prophylactically prior to surgery, developed severe localized, and subsequently generalized, dermatitis, beginning 5 days after administration of the Konakion Cremophor-EL form of vitamin K1 by intramuscular injection at four sites on her thighs. Investigation by patch and intradermal testing revealed delayed-type hypersensitivity to Konakion Cremophor-EL, Konakion Mixed Micelles and pure vitamin K1, but not Cremophor-EL vehicle alone. This case is unusual because the patient was also shown to be patch test positive to vitamin K3 sodium bisulfite.
Adenovirus replication is coupled with the dynamic properties of the PML nuclear structure. (1996)

Wild-type PML and at least four other novel proteins are localized within discrete nuclear structures known as PODs. We demonstrate here that during adenovirus infection, immediate early viral proteins from the E1 and E4 transcription units associate with the POD, which in turn undergoes a dramatic morphological change. During this process, the auto-antigen Sp-100 and NDP55 but not PML, relocate from the POD to the viral inclusion bodies, the sites of adenovirus DNA replication and late RNA transcription. The E4-ORF3 11-kD protein alone will induce this reorganization and reciprocally, viruses carrying mutations in the E4-domain fail to do so. These same viral mutants are defective in viral replication as well as the accumulation of late viral mRNAs and host cell transcription shutoff. We show that interferon (INF) treatment enhances the expression of PML, reduces or blocks PODs reorganization, and inhibits BrdU incorporation into viral inclusion bodies. In addition, cell lines engineered to overexpress PML prevent PODs from viral-induced reorganization and block or severely delay adenovirus replication. These results suggest that viral replication relies on components of the POD and that the structure is a target of early viral proteins.
Flexible function-level acceleration of embedded vision applications using the Pipelined Vision Processor (2013)

The emerging massive embedded vision market is driving demanding and ever-increasing computationally complex high-performance and low-power MPSoC requirements. To satisfy these requirements innovative solutions are required to deliver high performance pixel processing combined with low energy per pixel execution. These solutions must combine the power efficiency of ASIC style IP while incorporating elements of Instruction-Level Processors flexibility and software ecosystem. This paper introduces Analog Devices BF609's Pipelined Vision Processor (PVP) as a state-of-the-art industrial solution achieving both efficiency and flexibility. The PVP incorporates over 10 function level blocks enabling dozens of programmable functions that can be allocated to implement many algorithms and applications. Additionally, the pipelined style connectivity is programmable enabling many temporal function permutations. Overall, the PVP offers greater than 25 billion operations per second (GOPs) and very low memory bandwidth. These capabilities enable the PVP to execute multiple concurrent ADAS, Industrial, or general vision applications. This paper focuses on the key architecture concepts of the PVP from individual function-block construction to the allocation and chaining of functional blocks to build function based application implementations. The paper also addresses the benefits and challenges of architecting and programming at the function-level granularity and abstractions.
γ-Radiation Promotes Immunological Recognition of Cancer Cells through Increased Expression of Cancer-Testis Antigens In Vitro and In Vivo (2011)

Our findings suggest that γ-radiation promotes the immunological recognition of the tumor. We therefore propose that combining radiotherapy with treatments that support tumor specific immunity may result in increased therapeutic efficacy.
Elastic Soil Properties from Bender Element Tests (1996)

This paper presents results from bender element tests performed on undisturbed samples of sand, silt and clay. The bender elements enabled both P- and S-wave velocities to be measured. Using the theory of elastic wave propagation, the dynamic elastic parameters Gmax, E, and v for the soil samples were evaluated. These parameters showed general agreement with soil type. Variation of these elastic parameters with test conditions, undrained shear strength and confining pressure is also presented.
envM genes of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (1989)

Conjugation and bacteriophage P1 transduction experiments in Escherichia coli showed that resistance to the antibacterial compound diazaborine is caused by an allelic form of the envM gene. The envM gene from Salmonella typhimurium was cloned and sequenced. It codes for a 27,765-dalton protein. The plasmids carrying this DNA complemented a conditionally lethal envM mutant of E. coli. Recombinant plasmids containing gene envM from a diazaborine-resistant S. typhimurium strain conferred the drug resistance phenotype to susceptible E. coli cells. A guanine-to-adenine exchange in the envM gene changing a Gly codon to a Ser codon was shown to be responsible for the resistance character. Upstream of envM a small gene coding for a 10,445-dalton protein was identified. Incubating a temperature-sensitive E. coli envM mutant at the nonpermissive temperature caused effects on the cells similar to those caused by treatment with diazaborine, i.e., inhibition of fatty acid, phospholipid, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, induction of a 28,000-dalton inner membrane protein, and change in the ratio of the porins OmpC and OmpF.
Relationship between Secondary Metabolism and Fungal Development (2002)

Filamentous fungi are unique organisms-rivaled only by actinomycetes and plants-in producing a wide range of natural products called secondary metabolites. These compounds are very diverse in structure and perform functions that are not always known. However, most secondary metabolites are produced after the fungus has completed its initial growth phase and is beginning a stage of development represented by the formation of spores. In this review, we describe secondary metabolites produced by fungi that act as sporogenic factors to influence fungal development, are required for spore viability, or are produced at a time in the life cycle that coincides with development. We describe environmental and genetic factors that can influence the production of secondary metabolites. In the case of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, we review the only described work that genetically links the sporulation of this fungus to the production of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin through a shared G-protein signaling pathway.
Management of Refractory Hepatic Encephalopathy After Insertion of TIPS: Long-Term Results of Shunt Reduction With Hourglass-Shaped Balloon-Expandable Stent-Graft (2009)

Shunt reduction with an hourglass-shaped ePTFE balloon-expandable stent-graft seems effective in reducing shunt flow and rapidly improving the patient's clinical condition. With this technique, shunt diameter can be modified on the basis of the patient's clinical condition.
Cell-Free DNA Analysis in Maternal Plasma in Cases of Fetal Abnormalities Detected on Ultrasound Examination (2015)

III.
Consideration of High Bandgap Subcells for Advanced Multijunction Solar Cells (2006)

Multijunction solar cell theoretical modeling has been performed as a function of the subcell bandgap energies. This modeling guides the development of advanced multijunction cells. In this report we focus on analyzing the sensitivity of 3, 4, 5, and 6 junction solar cells to the bandgap energy of the high bandgap subcell(s) in the device. This work is motivated by the importance of high bandgap subcells for achieving high efficiency multijunctions, and the lack of proven high bandgap photovoltaic materials above 1.97eV. Modeling of 3-6 subcell multijunctions shows the importance of achieving high performance high bandgap subcells for high efficiency, particularly as the number of junctions increases. In this paper several practical situations are analyzed, including the use of the AM0 spectrum for space applications and low AOD (aerosol optical depth) direct spectrum for terrestrial concentrator applications