gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production and Composition of Wax Esters by Fermentation ofEuglena gracilis (1983)

Journal Article Production and Composition of Wax Esters by Fermentation of Euglena gracilis Get access Hiroshi Inui, Hiroshi Inui Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka 591, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazutaka Miyatake, Kazutaka Miyatake Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka 591, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshihisa Nakano, Yoshihisa Nakano Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka 591, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shozaburo Kitaoka Shozaburo Kitaoka Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka 591, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 11, 1 November 1983, Pages 2669–2671, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10866013 Published: 01 November 1983 Article history Received: 27 May 1983 Published: 01 November 1983
Glycosaminoglycans and Their Binding to Biological Macromolecules (1978)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Analysis of clonal CD8+ T cell expansions in normal individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (1995)

In the course of studying the circulating TCR repertoire in humans, we noted several individuals with an increase in the percentage of CD8+ T cells expressing a particular V region. In some cases, these CD8 expansions were dramatic, occupying over 40% of the total CD8 repertoire. Using a panel of mAbs to different TCR V regions, we found that over 30% of healthy adults (> 35 years of age) harbor an expansion that alters the peripheral blood CD8 TCR repertoire. A wide range of V regions were expressed by these expansions. Considering that the mAbs used cover only a portion of the V beta repertoire, the data suggest that over 70% of adults are likely to harbor such expansions. Junctional region sequencing showed that the CD8 subset expansions were clonal, and serial studies as long as 4 years showed that they persisted indefinitely. Expansions were not identified in the CD4 population. Discordant expression of one large V beta 6.7+ clone was found in one identical twin set, suggesting the possibility that an environmental exposure is involved in their generation and/or expansion. In one large family, we found five family members with a large CD8 subset expansion. Remarkably similar usage of J beta regions was noted, and two individuals demonstrated V beta 3-expressing clones with homologous CDR3 regions, differing by only one major substitution. The repertoire data from this family suggest that the T cell clones have arisen in response to a common Ag. Studies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis found a significantly increased frequency of circulating CD8 subset expansions that expressed a different V region repertoire compared with the healthy individuals studied. Overall, our results emphasize a frequent alteration in the human CD8 TCR repertoire, most likely related to an environmental exposure, in both healthy individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of these expansions will be important to consider in any study of human TCR repertoire, and their implication for health and disease will be important to understand.
Validation of a quantitative radiographic technique to estimate pulsatile blood flow waveforms using digital subtraction angiographic data (1991)

We have validated a new radiographic technique for determining pulsatile volume flow in arteries following an intraarterial injection of contrast material. Instantaneous blood velocities were estimated by generating a parametric image from dynamic angiographic images in which the image grey level represents contrast material concentration as a function of time and distance along a vessel segment. Adjacent concentration--distance profiles in the parametric image were shifted with respect to distance until a match occurred. A match was defined as the point where the sum of squares of the differences in the two profiles was a minimum. The distance translated per frame interval gives the instantaneous contrast material bolus velocity. We have validated the technique using an experimental phantom of blood circulation, consisting of a pump, flexible plastic tubing, the tubular probe of an electromagnetic flowmeter (EMF) and a solenoid, to simulate a pulsatile flow waveform, which includes reverse flow. Small boluses of contrast material can be injected at various positions in the circuit. Measurements of pulsatile velocity flow were taken at 40 ms intervals, using a tube of 6.6 mm internal diameter and an imaged tube length of 200 mm. The shape of the flow velocity waveform was faithfully reproduced but there was an overestimation of peak velocity of 40% at low velocities (peak velocity of 540 mm s-1), reducing to 19% at peak velocities of 964 mm s-1 with an underestimation of 16% at the peak velocities of 1899 mm s-1. The validation was repeated for distances ranging from 130 to 230 mm between injection and measurement sites and for imaged tube lengths varying from 200 to 20 mm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Essential drugs programmes in Africa. (1991)

The essential drugs concept encompasses national drug policy, selection, quantification, quality assurance, procurement, inventory control and distribution, financing, rational drug use, and training. People from all sectors and levels were involved in developing Tanzania's national drug policy which was approved in 1991. The process developing a policy in Kenya continues. The policy will allow Kenya's Ministry of Health to implement various operational changes (e.g., improvements in hospital drug management). 40 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have a national essential drug list (EDL). A synergistic effect results when EDLs are merged with standard treatment guidelines (STGs) (e.g., in Tanzania and Zimbabwe) or constructed with STGs and a national formulary. The Federal Ministry of Health in Nigeria designated 209 drugs as essential drugs, while Nigerian states determined their own EDLs based on these 209 drugs. Spreadsheet models use morbidity patterns, past consumption, and population to help countries quantify drug needs which are then used to determine drug procurement. Various problems with quality assurance in regional and national quality control laboratories in SSA include staff turnover, limited equipment maintenance, and lack of reagents and laboratory standard solutions. A database, structured, flexible drug registration system allows countries (e.g., Zimbabwe) to monitor drug suppliers and agents. Drug procurement has improved in countries with established procurement systems. Computers help control and manage drug inventories. Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Uganda distribute ration kits of prepackaged drug selections. Cash and carry in Ghana, hospital fees in Kenya, and community insurance schemes in Guinea Bissau are some financing schemes in SSA. The International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs is operating in Ghana, Nigeria, the Sudan, and Tanzania. Training courses in drug supply management are held in Ghana, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe.
Toxicity of ALS-Linked SOD1 Mutants (2000)

Estevez et al . ([1][1]) focused on a potential mechanism through which dominantly inherited mutation in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an abundant, ubiquitously expressed antioxidant protein, triggers the selective death of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Each subunit of SOD1
<title>Acoustic response of hard dental tissues to pulsed laser action</title> (1993)

The results of experimental research of characteristics of acoustic waves generated under hard human tooth tissue destruction by YAG:Er and YAG:Cr,Tm,Ho laser submillisecond pulses are reported for the first time.
Skeletal complications of prostate cancer: Pathophysiology and therapeutic potential of bisphosphonates (2005)

Patients with prostate cancer are at risk for skeletal complications resulting from treatment-induced bone loss and for bone metastases. The therapeutic potential of zoledronic acid for the treatment of prostate cancer has been demonstrated in both preclinical and clinical studies. In patients receiving androgen-deprivation therapy, zoledronic acid increases bone mineral density, and, in patients with bone metastases, it reduces the incidence of skeletal complications. Preclinical studies have also demonstrated the antitumor potential of bisphosphonates. Specifically, zoledronic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and has enhanced antitumor activity when combined with taxanes. Animal models have further shown that bisphosphonates decrease tumor-induced osteolysis and reduce skeletal tumor burden. In a model of prostate cancer, zoledronic acid significantly inhibited growth of both osteolytic and osteoblastic tumors and reduced circulating levels of prostate-specific antigen. These studies suggest that zoledronic acid has the potential to inhibit bone metastasis and bone lesion progression in patients with prostate cancer.
A PROPOSAL FOR A UNIFORM NOMENCLATURE IN BACTERIAL GENETICS (1966)

The current proposal is an outgrowth of its predecessors, developed by the present authors in consultation with colleagues in other laboratories and in other countries. The basic system has proven convenient to use in the laboratory and has greatly facilitated understanding and communication among many laboratories in the intervening years; increasing use of the system also speaks for its practicality. Thus this proposal does not intend to present a rigid, ‘official’, frozen system of nomenclature. The system is bound to evolve as knowledge advances in the future. The present communication is aimed at making widely available the proposal as developed to date. Comments, suggestions, and additions are welcome. The aims of the present proposal are: uniformity; a unique designation for each strain ; convenience for typing, editing, printing, record-keeping, and information retrieval ; and adaptability, simplicity, clarity, and comprehension by workers in all areas of biology; adaptability to new developments in the foreseeable future. The proposal takes the form of a set of guiding principles for dealing with categories where usage can be clearly defined; application to specific situations is left to each individual worker. The standardized system of genetic symbols is designed to serve the following purposes : (I) To distinguish clearly between symbols representing the genotype of a bacterial strain, and abbreviations of words which describe phenotypic properties. (2) To provide a uniform set of symbols for genetic loci, mutant alleles and mutation 1963).
On threshold selection using clustering criteria (1985)

The threshold selection method of N. Otsu (ibid., vol.SMC-9, p.62-6, 1979) is shown to break down for a certain range of object-to-background pixel population ratios. Modifications to Otsu's method are proposed to overcome some of its limitations. The findings are also relevant to the closely related methods of T. Ridler (1978) and H.J. Trussell (1979).
Negative Pressure for the Management of an Exposed Vascular Dacron Polyester Patch (2001)

Giovannini, Uberto M. MD; Demaria, Roland G. MD; Chaptal, Paul-André MD; Téot, Luc MD, PhD Author Information
Controlled Release Drug Coatings on Flexible Neural Probes (2007)

We present the development, characterization and in vivo validation of a novel drug eluting coating that has been applied to flexible neural probes. The coating consists of drug eluting nanoparticles loaded with an anti-inflammatory drug embedded in a biodegradable polymer. The drug eluting coating is applied to flexible polymer neural probes with platinum electrodes. The drug eluting device is implanted in one hemisphere of a rat, while a control device is implanted in the opposite hemisphere. Impedance measurements are performed to determine the effect of the drug eluting coating on the tissue reaction surrounding the probe and the electrical characteristics of the devices. Probes that are coated with drug eluting coatings show better long term impedance characteristics over control probes. These coatings can be used to increase the reliability and long term success of neural prostheses.
Measurement of Total Serum Protein by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (1988)

This study describes the measurement of total protein in serum by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. With an algorithm, generated by the calibration procedure, the protein content of serum samples was calculated from absorbance data at various wavelengths in the near-infrared. A good correlation (r = 0.993) was found between near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy measurement of serum protein and analysis by the biuret reaction.
The mechanical design of spider silks: from fibroin sequence to mechanical function (1999)

Spiders produce a variety of silks, and the cloning of genes for silk fibroins reveals a clear link between protein sequence and structure-property relationships. The fibroins produced in the spider's major ampullate (MA) gland, which forms the dragline and web frame, contain multiple repeats of motifs that include an 8-10 residue long poly-alanine block and a 24-35 residue long glycine-rich block. When fibroins are spun into fibres, the poly-alanine blocks form (&bgr;)-sheet crystals that crosslink the fibroins into a polymer network with great stiffness, strength and toughness. As illustrated by a comparison of MA silks from Araneus diadematus and Nephila clavipes, variation in fibroin sequence and properties between spider species provides the opportunity to investigate the design of these remarkable biomaterials.
A selected group of large common fragile site genes have decreased expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (2014)

The common fragile sites (CFSs) are large regions of profound genomic instability found in all individuals. The frequent deletions and other alterations in these regions in multiple cancers has led to the discovery of a number of extremely large genes contained within these regions and several of the large CFS genes have already been demonstrated to function as tumor suppressors involved in the formation of many different cancers. To study the large CFS genes in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), we did RNA seq analysis from 11 head and neck cancer patients. This revealed that there are six large CFS genes which consistently had decreased expression in the tumor samples compared to their matched normal tissues. These six genes are PARK2, DLG2, NBEA, CTNNA3, DMD, and FHIT. PARK2 and FHIT are located within the two most frequently expressed CFSs and both have been demonstrated to function as tumor suppressors, while the other large genes are found to have frequent alterations in multiple cancers. Validation experiments using real time PCR indicated that over 60% of OPSCC tumors showed decreased expression for all six genes. Both HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCCs had similar proportions with loss of expression of these genes. Our results suggest that this selected group of large genes might serve as potential tumor suppressors involved in the development of OPSCCs. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the decreased expression observed is due to genomic instability within the CFS regions or the selection for alterations of specific large CFS genes.
Monitoring of Vital Signs for Long-Term Survival of Mice under Anesthesia: FIGURE 1. (2011)

INTRODUCTION Anesthesia protocols for mice have been optimized, as described here, to achieve long-term imaging (up to 40 h) and facilitate survival through careful monitoring of the mice during anesthesia. Isoflurane anesthesia is the preferred method, because it can be adjusted quickly as needed during the experiment. Critical for the long survival times under anesthesia is the use of the lowest possible dose of anesthesia, which is identified by corneal reflex and monitoring of breath and heart rate, blood-oxygenation levels, and vascular distension using an oximeter probe. It is critical that the carrier gas for isoflurane is humidified. In addition, it is essential to keep mice warm and to compensate for loss of fluid by supplementing with saline. Alternative approaches rely on injectable anesthetics, which do not require dedicated equipment or high-ventilation rates in the imaging room. However, injectable anesthetics are harder to dose for image sessions of &gt;6-10 h.
Molecular characterization of illegitimate TCRδ gene rearrangements in acute myeloid leukaemia (1994)

Recently, we and others have shown the occurrence of TCR delta gene rearrangements in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In this study we describe the molecular characteristics of these rearrangements by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the direct sequencing of PCR products. 11 rearrangements were characterized in blast cell samples from six patients. We found a heterogenous pattern of TCR delta gene rearrangements with involvement of V delta 1-5 regions. These findings differ from observations in T-ALL and B-cell precursor ALL, where predominantly usage of V delta 1 and V delta 2 regions has been described. Furthermore, extensive diversity of junctional sites was observed, including addition of up to 37 N nucleotides, nucleotide deletions at junction sites of V delta and J delta segments and usage of up to three D delta segments. The D delta 3 fragment was the most frequently used diversity element and was found in 10 rearrangements. Nine of the 11 rearrangements were non-functional, either incomplete or out of the reading frame. Therefore a functional TCR delta cannot be expressed in these myeloid blast cells.
The Effect of Display Format on the Direct Entry of Numerical Information by Pointing (1984)

Pointing is in many cases now a viable alternative to keying for the on--line entry of numerical data. This study compares three formats for the arrangement of the numerical display for use by inexperienced operators. The three formats are a linear array, a matrix array, and a cash register array. The particular layouts of each of these formats were optimized using the results of a preference study and an experimental pretest. The results of the main experimental comparison suggest that the linear and the matrix formats are about equally suitable for this task, and both are more suitable than the cash register format, although there are circumstances in which the cash register format performs equally well. Factors influencing performance, and thus those that should be considered in the choice of format for any particular application, are discussed.
Bispectral analysis of complex patterns of sympathetic nerve discharge (1996)

Bispectral analysis was used to demonstrate quadratic nonlinear coupling (i.e., phase locking) of different frequency components in inferior cardiac sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) of urethan-anesthetized rats. The complex patterns of SND analyzed included mixtures of 1) the cardiac-related and 10-Hz rhythms, 2) the 10-Hz rhythm and irregular 2-to 6-Hz oscillations, and 3) the 10-Hz rhythm and a lower frequency non-cardiac-related rhythm near 4 Hz. In some cases, the bicoherence function (normalized bispectrum) showed no phase locking of these frequency components. Cases of nil bicoherence are equated with linear superposition of frequency components, which implies the existence of multiple and noninteractive central circuits. Increased complexity of SND was observed in other cases, as evidenced by significant phase locking of different frequency components with or without frequency locking. Frequency locking (higher frequency rhythm is a multiple of lower) was confirmed by constructing Lissajous orbital plots showing covariation of voltages in selectively filtered bands of SND. We equate frequency locking with nonlinear coupling of the central generators of different sympathetic nerve rhythms and phase locking without frequency locking possibly with nonlinearities arising at levels below noncoupled central rhythm generators.
Compressed Sampling for pulse Doppler radar (2010)

This paper presents a study of how the Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) sampling rate in a digital radar can be reduced-without reduction in waveform bandwidth-through the use of Compressed Sampling (CS). Real radar data is used to show that through use of chirp or Gabor dictionaries and Basis Pursuit (BP) the ADC sampling frequency can be reduced by a factor of 128, to under 1 mega sample per second, while the waveform bandwidth remains 40 MHz. The error on the reconstructed fast-time samples is small enough that accurate range-profiles and range-frequency surfaces can be produced.
Perlecan gene expression precedes laminin gene expression during differentiation of F9 embryonal carcinoma cells (1993)

F9 embryonal cells can be induced to differentiate and synthesize basement membrane proteins. Perlecan and laminin are two basement membrane constituents that have extensive regions of homology. Expression of perlecan and laminin B1 genes was followed during differentiation of F9 cells by measurements of transcription rate and mRNA abundance using nuclear run on assays and Northern hybridizations, respectively. The rate of precursor protein synthesis was determined by immunoprecipitation from lysates of pulse-labeled F9 cells. The results showed that perlecan gene expression responds more rapidly after induction than does laminin B1 gene expression but is ultimately expressed at a substantially lower level than laminin. Thus, the perlecan and laminin genes appear to be regulated by different mechanisms and their gene products are not made in stoichiometric amounts.
Production and Characterization of Chitosan Fibers and 3‐D Fiber Mesh Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications (2004)

This study reports on the production of chitosan fibers and 3-D fiber meshes for the use as tissue engineering scaffolds. Both structures were produced by means of a wet spinning technique. Maximum strain at break and tensile strength of the developed fibers were found to be 8.5% and 204.9 MPa, respectively. After 14 d of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and inductively coupled plasma emission (ICP) spectroscopy analyses showed that a bioactive Ca-P layer was formed on the surface of the fibers, meaning that they exhibit a bioactive behavior. The samples showed around 120% max. swelling in physiological conditions. The pore sizes of 3-D chitosan fiber mesh scaffolds were observed to be in the range of 100-500 microm by SEM. The equilibrium-swelling ratio of the developed scaffolds was found to be around 170% (w/w) in NaCl solution at 37 degrees C. Besides that, the limit swelling strain was less than 30%, as obtained by mechanical spectroscopy measurements in the same conditions. The viscoelastic properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated by both creep and dynamic mechanical tests. By means of using short-term MEM extraction test, both types of structures (fibers and scaffolds) were found to be non-cytotoxic to fibroblasts. Furthermore, osteoblasts directly cultured over chitosan fiber mesh scaffolds presented good morphology and no inhibition of cell proliferation could be observed.Osteoblast-like cells proliferating over chitosan based fibers after 7 d of culture.