gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyamines are oncometabolites that regulate the LIN28/let‐7 pathway in colorectal cancer cells (2013)

Polyamine metabolism is a highly coordinated process that is essential for normal development and neoplastic growth in mammals. Although polyamine metabolism is a validated pathway for prevention of carcinogenesis, the mechanisms by which polyamines elicit their tumorigenic effects are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of polyamine metabolism in colon cancer by screening a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) platform to identify polyamine responsive signaling nodes. We report that multiple non-coding RNAs are altered by polyamine depletion including induction of microRNA (miRNA) let-7i, a member of the tumor suppressive let-7 family. The let-7 family targets several RNAs for translational repression, including the growth-associated transcription factor HMGA2 and is negatively regulated by the pluripotency factor LIN28. Depletion of polyamines using difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or genetic knockdown of the polyamine-modified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A isoforms 1 and 2 (eIF5A1/2) resulted in robust reduction of both HMGA2 and LIN28. Locked nucleic acid (LNA) oligonucleotides targeting the seed region of the let-7 family rescued the expression of HMGA2, but not LIN28, in both DFMO-treated and eIF5A1/2 knockdown cultures. Our findings suggest that polyamines are oncometabolites that influence specific aspects of tumorigenesis by regulating pluripotency associated factors, such as LIN28, via an eIF5A-dependent but let-7-independent mechanism while the expression of proliferation-related genes regulated by let-7, such as HMGA2, is mediated through microRNA mediated repression. Therefore, manipulating polyamine metabolism may be a novel method of targeting the LIN28/let-7 pathway in specific disease states.
Induction of Metallothionein and Other mRNA Species by Carcinogens and Tumor Promoters in Primary Human Skin Fibroblasts (1986)

We used nucleic acid hybridization and cDNA cloning techniques to isolate human sequences that respond to the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). These clones were used as probes to examine changes of gene expression that occurred after the proliferation of exponentially growing primary human fibroblasts was arrested. Transcript levels detected by these probes were increased coordinately by treatment of the cells with UV light, mitomycin C, TPA, or the UV light-induced extracellular protein synthesis-inducing factor EPIF (M. Schorpp, U. Mallick, H. J. Rahmsdorf, and P. Herrlich, Cell 37:861-868, 1984). Proteins coded for by these transcripts were characterized by hybrid-promoted translation and by cDNA sequencing. One of the cDNA clones was homologous to the metallothionein IIa gene, and one set of related clones selected RNA for the secreted TPA-inducible protein XHF1 (U. Mallick, H. J. Rahmsdorf, N. Yamamoto, H. Ponta, R.-D. Wegner, and P. Herrlich, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:7886-7890, 1982).
[Fetal echocardiography--normal ultrasound findings in the fetal heart]. (2007)

Congenital heart disease is the most frequent spectrum of structural anomalies found in the fetus and newborn. However, they are the least commonly diagnosed prenatally defects. This review describes the major steps of the ultrasound examination of the normal fetal heart.
Osteoblast Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis): Modulation by Growth Factors and Cytokines (1998)

Once osteoblasts have completed their bone-forming function, they are either entrapped in bone matrix and become osteocytes or remain on the surface as lining cells. Nonetheless, 50-70% of the osteoblasts initially present at the remodeling site cannot be accounted for after enumeration of lining cells and osteocytes. We hypothesized that the missing osteoblasts die by apoptosis and that growth factors and cytokines produced in the bone microenvironment influence this process. We report that murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells underwent apoptosis following removal of serum, or addition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-nick end labeling and DNA fragmentation studies. Transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines had antiapoptotic effects because they were able to counteract the effect of serum starvation or TNF. In addition, anti-Fas antibody stimulated apoptosis of human osteoblastic MG-63 cells and IL-6-type cytokines prevented these changes. The induction of apoptosis in MG-63 cells was associated with an increase in the ratio of the proapoptotic protein bax to the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2, and oncostatin M prevented this change. Examination of undecalcified sections of murine cancellous bone revealed the presence of apoptotic cells, identified as osteoblasts by their proximity to osteoid seams and their juxtaposition to cuboidal osteoblasts. Assuming an osteoblast life span of 300 h and a prevalence of apoptosis of 0.6%, we calculated that the fraction that undergo this process in vivo can indeed account for the missing osteoblasts. These findings establish that osteoblasts undergo apoptosis and strongly suggest that the process can be modulated by growth factors and cytokines produced in the bone microenvironment.
Targeted drug delivery to mesothelioma cells using functionally selected internalizing human single-chain antibodies (2008)

Mesothelioma is a malignancy of the mesothelium and current treatments are generally ineffective. One promising area of anticancer drug development is to explore tumor susceptibility to targeted therapy. To achieve efficient, targeted intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents to mesothelioma cells, we selected a naive human single-chain (scFv) phage antibody display library directly on the surface of live mesothelioma cells to identify internalizing antibodies that target mesothelioma-associated cell surface antigens. We have identified a panel of internalizing scFvs that bind to mesothelioma cell lines derived from both epithelioid (M28) and sarcomatous (VAMT-1) types of this disease. Most importantly, these antibodies stain mesothelioma cells in situ and therefore define a panel of clinically represented tumor antigens. We have further exploited the internalizing function of these scFvs to achieve targeted intracellular drug delivery to mesothelioma cells. We showed that scFv-targeted immunoliposomes were efficiently and specifically taken up by both epithelioid and sarcomatous mesothelioma cells, but not control cells, and immunoliposomes encapsulating the small-molecule drug topotecan caused targeted killing of both types of mesothelioma cells in vitro.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase (SSAO) Inhibitors with Anti-inflammatory Activity (2006)

In an attempt to examine the effect of inhibition of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO; EC 1.4.3.6, also known as VAP-1) as a novel anti-inflammatory target, the structure/mechanism based design and synthesis of a series of novel hydrazino-containing small molecules are described. The in vitro biological results show that compounds 4a,c are highly potent SSAO inhibitors with notable selectivity toward SSAO over monoamine oxidases A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B). SAR studies based on compound 4c were performed, and the results are discussed. The most potent and selective compound, 4a (IC(50) = 2 nM), is an orally active, competitive, and apparently irreversible inhibitor of SSAO that is effective at reducing disease incidence and severity in an in vivo animal disease model of multiple sclerosis.
Human von Willebrand factor gene and pseudogene: structural analysis and differentiation by polymerase chain reaction (1991)

Structural analysis of the von Willebrand factor gene located on chromosome 12 is complicated by the presence of a partial unprocessed pseudogene on chromosome 22q11-13. The structures of the von Willebrand factor pseudogene and corresponding segment of the gene were determined, and methods were developed for the rapid differentiation of von Willebrand factor gene and pseudogene sequences. The pseudogene is 21-29 kilobases in length and corresponds to 12 exons (exons 23-34) of the von Willebrand factor gene. Approximately 21 kilobases of the gene and pseudogene were sequenced, including the 5' boundary of the pseudogene. The 3' boundary of the pseudogene lies within an 8-kb region corresponding to intron 34 of the gene. The presence of splice site and nonsense mutations suggests that the pseudogene cannot yield functional transcripts. The pseudogene has diverged approximately 3.1% in nucleotide sequence from the gene. This suggests a recent evolutionary origin approximately 19-29 million years ago, near the time of divergence of humans and apes from monkeys. Several repetitive sequences were identified, including 4 Alu, one Line-1, and several short simple sequence repeats. Several of these simple repeats differ in length between the gene and pseudogene and provide useful markers for distinguishing these loci. Sequence differences between the gene and pseudogene were exploited to design oligonucleotide primers for use in the polymerase chain reaction to selectivity amplify sequences corresponding to exons 23-34 from either the von Willebrand factor gene or the pseudogene. This method is useful for the analysis of gene defects in patients with von Willebrand disease, without interference from homologous sequences in the pseudogene.
QacA Multidrug Efflux Pump from Staphylococcus aureus : Comparative Analysis of Resistance to Diamidines, Biguanidines, and Guanylhydrazones (1998)

The staphylococcal multidrug efflux pump QacA mediates resistance to a broad spectrum of monovalent and divalent antimicrobial cations. Resistance toward various classes of these compounds identified features of the substrate that may be important for interaction with QacA. Analysis of combinations of two substrates suggested that the same mechanism is used for the extrusion of different classes of compounds.
Cloning of a lactate dehydrogenase gene from Clostridium acetobutylicum B643 and expression in Escherichia coli (1990)

A lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gene of Clostridium acetobutylicum B643 was cloned on two recombinant plasmids, pPC37 and pPC58, that were selected by complementation of Escherichia coli PRC436 (acd), a fermentation-defective mutant that does not grow anaerobically on glucose. E. coli PRC436(pPC37) and PRC436(pPC58) grew anaerobically and fermented glucose to mostly lactate. When pPC37 and pPC58 were transformed into E. coli FMJ39 (ldh pfl), an LDH-deficient strain, the resulting strains grew anaerobically on glucose and produced lactate. Crude extracts of E. coli FMJ39(pPC37) and FMJ39(pP58) contained high LDH activity only when assayed for pyruvate reduction to lactate, and the LDH activity was activated 15- to 30-fold by the addition of fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP). E. coli FMJ39 had no detectable LDH activity, and E. coli LDH from a wild-type strain was not activated by FDP. Maxicell analysis showed that both plasmids pPC37 and pPC58 expressed a protein with an apparent Mr of 38,000 in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Restriction endonuclease mapping of pPC37 and pPC58 and DNA hybridization studies indicated that a 2.1-kb region of these two clones of C. acetobutylicum DNA encodes the FDP-activated LDH.
Microfluidics for Processing Surfaces and Miniaturizing Biological Assays (2005)

Abstract This review is an account of our efforts to develop a versatile and flexible microfluidic technology for surface‐processing applications and miniaturizing biological assays. The review is presented in the context of current trends in microfluidic technology and addresses some of the major challenges for confining chemical and biochemical processes on surfaces: the sealing of a microchannel with a surface, the world‐to‐chip interface, the displacement of liquids in small conduits, the sequential delivery of multiple solutions, the accurate patterning of surfaces, the coincident detection of various analytes, and the detection of analytes in a small and dilute sample. Our solutions to these problems include the use of reversible sealing, capillary phenomena for powering and controlling liquid transport, and non‐contact microfluidics for spotting and drawing (on surfaces) with flow conditions. These solutions offer many advantages over conventional techniques for handling minute amounts of liquids and may find applications in lithography, biopatterning (e.g., the patterning of biomolecules), diagnostics, drug discovery, and also cellular assays.
Car purchase decisions (2002)

Summary form only given. This paper demonstrates how using multicriteria decision models and pairwise comparison tools can assist car buyers select the car that meets their needs and emotions. A software demo is also presented with an easy to use and deploy tool that automates the decision process. A decision theory based approach may be applied to a car purchase decision addressing such concerns as the kinds of cars one should choose. In this sense, a question is posed with regard to the criteria used in this decision theory based approach. The buyer's age, gender, number of passengers, and so forth may affect the criteria in question. An attempt is made in this project to come up with a decision model based on decision-making methodologies to assist in the purchase of a car. A computer program running on MS Excel has been developed to assist the car purchase decision. The model incorporates both the analytical and subjective elements of the decision process.
Strong and regulated expression of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase in insect cells with a baculovirus vector. (1984)

The N-terminal region of the gene encoding polyhedrin, the major occlusion protein of the insect baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV), has been fused to DNA encoding Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. The fused gene was inserted into the AcNPV DNA genome by cotransfection of insect cells with recombinant plasmid DNA and wild-type AcNPV genomic DNA. Recombinant viruses were selected as blue plaques in the presence of a beta-galactosidase indicator, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside. Studies of one such virus, L1GP-gal3, indicated that the synthesis of beta-galactosidase is temporally controlled beginning late (20 h) in infection after the release of infectious virus particles from the cell. By 48 h postinfection, a remarkably high level of expression is achieved. On the basis of these results, AcNPV should be a useful vector for the stable propagation and expression of passenger genes in a lepidopteran cell background. A generalized transplacement vector that facilitates the construction and selection of recombinant viruses carrying passenger genes under their own promoter control has also been developed.
Geminivirus replication proteins are related to prokaryotic plasmid rolling circle DNA replication initiator proteins (1992)

It is demonstrated, by means of computer-assisted analysis, that C1 protein involved in the replication of geminivirus DNA is related to the rolling circle replication initiator proteins of eubacterial plasmids, particularly the plasmids of the pMV158 family. Three sequence motifs conserved in the geminivirus and plasmid replication proteins were delineated, one of them encompassing the Tyr residue that presumably forms a covalent linkage to DNA. These findings are compatible with the results of recent analyses of geminivirus replicative intermediates suggesting a rolling circle mechanism for geminivirus DNA replication. It is hypothesized that C1 protein initiates the rolling circle replication of geminivirus DNA by nicking a specific site in the virus-sense DNA and covalently linking to the 5' side of the nick. The putative rolling circle replication initiator domain comprises the N-terminal portion of C1, whereas its C-terminal part is a putative helicase domain. By analogy with prokaryotic systems, it is speculated that the replication initiator domain and the helicase domain function coordinately. The possibility of the origin of geminiviruses from prokaryotic circular ssDNA replicons is discussed.
Efficacy of the pharmacologic chaperone migalastat in a subset of male patients with the classic phenotype of Fabry disease and migalastat-amenable variants: data from the phase 3 randomized, multicenter, double-blind clinical trial and extension study (2019)

Migalastat provided clinical benefit to patients with Fabry disease and amenable variants, regardless of disease severity.
The Organic Chemistry of a New Weak Field Tridentate Chelating Agent. 3,5-Di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Organic Chemistry of a New Weak Field Tridentate Chelating Agent. 3,5-Di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazoleJohn F. Geldard and Francis LionsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 1, 318–319Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01012a522https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01012a522research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1799Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental arthritis in a nonhuman primate. I. Induction by bovine type II collagen. (1986)

Six squirrel monkeys immunized with native fetal bovine type II collagen (CII) in complete Freund's adjuvant developed arthritis 3 to 6 weeks later. None of three cebus monkeys given CII plus complete Freund's adjuvant or three control squirrel monkeys immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant alone developed arthritis. In four of the squirrel monkeys, arthritis was symmetrical and involved mainly the interphalangeal and metacarpal phalangeal joints. Two other monkeys had pauciarticular disease. Although three monkeys became cachetic and died, the others regained weight and their arthritis spontaneously remitted with minor residual deformities in digits and larger joints. Each squirrel monkey with arthritis had high titers of CII antibodies whereas the arthritis-resistant cebus monkeys had lower titers of CII antibodies whereas the arthritis-resistant cebus monkeys had lower titers of CII antibodies. As an animal model, experimentally induced arthritis in primates appears to resemble an acute arthropathy in man rather than chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
Organoboranes. 31. A simple preparation of boronic esters from organolithium reagents and selected trialkoxyboranes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganoboranes. 31. A simple preparation of boronic esters from organolithium reagents and selected trialkoxyboranesHerbert C. Brown and Thomas E. ColeCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 10, 1316–1319Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om50004a009https://doi.org/10.1021/om50004a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5342Altmetric-Citations245LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation, amino acid sequence and synthesis of dermaseptin, a novel antimicrobial peptide of amphibian skin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation, amino acid sequence and synthesis of dermaseptin, a novel antimicrobial peptide of amphibian skinAmram Mor, Nguyen Van Huong, Antoine Delfour, Daniele Migliore-Samour, and Pierre NicolasCite this: Biochemistry 1991, 30, 36, 8824–8830Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00100a014https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00100a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views924Altmetric-Citations251LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts