gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of angiogenesis. (1999)

Few studies have addressed the importance of vascular remodeling in the lung during the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BPF). For fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix to occur, there must be a geometric increase in neovascularization. We hypothesized that net angiogenesis during the pathogenesis of fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix during BPF are dependent in part on a relative deficiency of the angiostatic CXC chemokine, IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). To test this hypothesis, we measured IP-10 by specific ELISA in whole lung homogenates in either bleomycin-treated or control mice and correlated these levels with lung hydroxyproline. We found that lung tissue from mice treated with bleomycin, compared with that from saline-treated controls, demonstrated a decrease in the presence of IP-10 that was correlated to a greater angiogenic response and total lung hydroxyproline content. Systemic administration of IP-10 significantly reduced BPF without any alteration in lung lymphocyte or NK cell populations. This was also paralleled by a reduction in angiogenesis. Furthermore, IP-10 had no direct effect on isolated pulmonary fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that the angiostatic CXC chemokine, IP-10, inhibits fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix by regulating angiogenesis.
Differential recognition of ORF2 protein from type 1 and type 2 porcine circoviruses and identification of immunorelevant epitopes (2000)

Two types of porcine circovirus (PCV) have been isolated and are referred to as PCV1 and PCV2. PCV1 represents an apathogenic virus, whereas PCV2 is associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. The two PCVs are related, since they display about 70% identity based on nucleotide sequences. In order to discriminate between common and type-specific antigens, an immunocytological approach was used following transfections with cloned circovirus DNAs, as well as recombinant proteins expressed by either baculovirus or plasmid vectors. The ORF1-encoded proteins in the two viruses were shown to be antigenically related, whereas the ORF2 proteins were recognized differentially by polyclonal anti-PCV2 antibodies. Furthermore, PEPSCAN analysis performed on overlapping fragments of the genes encoding part of ORF1 and the entire ORF2 and ORF3 led to the identification of five dominant immunoreactive areas, one located on ORF1 and four on ORF2. However, only some ORF2 peptides proved to be immunorelevant epitopes for virus type discrimination. The potential use of ORF2-derived antigens as diagnostic tools is demonstrated.
Quantum Dots for Live Cells, in Vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics (2005)

Research on fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals (also known as quantum dots or qdots) has evolved over the past two decades from electronic materials science to biological applications. We review current approaches to the synthesis, solubilization, and functionalization of qdots and their applications to cell and animal biology. Recent examples of their experimental use include the observation of diffusion of individual glycine receptors in living neurons and the identification of lymph nodes in live animals by near-infrared emission during surgery. The new generations of qdots have far-reaching potential for the study of intracellular processes at the single-molecule level, high-resolution cellular imaging, long-term in vivo observation of cell trafficking, tumor targeting, and diagnostics.
<title>Advanced lifting-based motion-threading (MT) technique for 3D wavelet video coding</title> (2003)

This paper proposes an advanced motion-threading technique to improve the coding efficiency of the 3D wave-let coding. We extend the original motion-threading technique to the lifting wavelet structure. This extension solves the artificial motion thread truncation problem in long support temporal wavelet filtering, and enables the accuracy of motion alignment to be fractional-pixel with guaranteed perfect reconstruction. Furthermore, the mismatch problem in the motion-threading caused by occlusion or scene-change is considered. In general, the temporal wavelet decomposition consists of multiple layers. Unlike the original motion-threading scheme, in the proposed scheme each layer owns one set of motion vectors so as to achieve both high coding efficiency and temporal scalability. To reduce the motion cost, direct mode is used to exploit the motion vector correlation. An R-D optimized technique is introduced to estimate motion vectors and select proper prediction modes for each macroblock. The proposed advanced motion-threading scheme can outperform the original motion-threading scheme up to 1.5~5.0 dB. The experimental results also demonstrate that the 3D wavelet coding scheme can be competitive with the start-of-the-art JVT video standard on coding efficiency.
G‐protein‐coupled receptors: molecular mechanisms involved in receptor activation and selectivity of G‐protein recognition (1997)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play fundamental roles in regulating the activity of virtually every body cell. Upon binding of extracellular ligands, GPCRs interact with a specific subset of heterotrimeric G-proteins that can then, in their activated forms, inhibit or activate various effector enzymes and/or ion channels. Molecular cloning studies have shown that GPCRs form one of the largest protein families found in nature, and it is estimated that approximately 1000 different such receptors exist in mammals. The molecular mechanisms involved in GPCR function, particularly the molecular modes of receptor activation and G-protein recognition and activation, have therefore become the research focus of an ever increasing number of laboratories. This review will summarize and attempt to integrate recent data derived from structural, molecular genetic, biochemical, and biophysical studies that have shed new light on these processes.
Differential induction of GRO alpha gene expression in human corneal epithelial cells and keratocytes exposed to proinflammatory cytokines. (1997)

The results suggest that keratocytes are the major producers of GRO alpha in the human cornea. The capacity of IL-1 alpha to stimulate the synthesis of significantly higher quantities of GRO alpha in keratocytes compared to TNF-alpha is caused by the fact that GRO alpha-specific transcripts are more than nine times more stable in cells exposed to IL-1 alpha than in cells exposed to TNF-alpha.
Cord blood transplantation in thalassemia. (1994)

Thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies are prevalent in Thailand. Bone marrow transplantation can cure thalassemia, but less than 30% of the patients have an HLA-identical sibling. Cord blood is an alternative source of stem cells for transplantation. By prenatal diagnosis, the fetus can be diagnosed as having thalassemic disease. DNA typing for HLA will be performed. Cord blood can be collected for transplantation if the fetus is not affected and is HLA-identical to the patient. We report a successful cord blood transplantation in a patient with beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease.
E1A-mediated activation of the adenovirus E4 promoter can occur independently of the cellular transcription factor E4F. (1991)

The cellular factors E4F and ATF-2 (a member of the activating transcription factor [ATF] family) bind to common sites in the adenovirus E4 promoter and have both been suggested to mediate transcriptional activation by the viral E1A protein. To assess the role of E4F, we have introduced mutations into the E4F/ATF binding sites of the E4 promoter and monitored promoter activity in HeLa cells. We find that the core motif (TGACG) of the E4F/ATF binding site is important for E4 promoter activity. However, a point mutation adjacent to the core motif that reduces E4F binding (but has no effect on ATF binding) has no effect on E4 promoter activity. Together with previous results, these findings indicate that there are at least two cellular factors (a member of the ATF family and E4F) that can function with E1A to induce transcription of the E4 promoter. We also find that certain mutations strongly reduce E4 transcription in vivo but have no effect on ATF-2 binding in vitro. These results are therefore incompatible with the possibility that (with respect to members of the ATF family) ATF-2 alone can function with E1A to transactivate the E4 promoter in HeLa cells.
Rapid pathogen detection using a microchip PCR array instrument (1998)

An array of PCR microchips for rapid, parallel testing of samples for pathogenic microbes is described. The instrument, called the Advanced Nucleic Acid Analyzer (ANAA), utilizes 10 silicon reaction chambers with thin-film resistive heaters and solid-state optics. Features of the system include efficient heating and real-time monitoring, low power requirements for battery operation, and no moving parts for reliability and ruggedness. We analyzed cultures of Erwinia herbicola vegetative cells, Bacillus subtilis spores, and MS2 virions, which simulated pathogenic microbes such as Yersinia pestis, Bacillus anthracis spores, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis, respectively. Detection of microbes was achieved in as little as 16 min with detection limits of 10(5)-10(7) organisms/L (10(2)-10(4) organisms/mL).
Luminescence energy transfer using a terbium chelate: improvements on fluorescence energy transfer. (1994)

We extend the technique of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) by introducing a luminescent terbium chelate as a donor and an organic dye, tetramethylrhodamine, as an acceptor. The results are consistent with a Förster theory of energy transfer, provided the appropriate parameters are used. The use of lanthanide donors, in general, and this pair, in particular, has many advantages over more conventional FRET pairs, which rely solely on organic dyes. The distance at which 50% energy transfer occurs is large, 65 A; the donor lifetime is a single exponential and long (millisecond), making lifetime measurements facile and accurate. Uncertainty in the orientation factor, which creates uncertainty in measured distances, is minimized by the donor's multiple electronic transitions and long lifetime. The sensitized emission of the acceptor can be measured with little or no interfering background, yielding a > 25-fold improvements in the signal-to-background ratio over standard donor-acceptor pairs. These improvements are expected to make distances > 100 A measurable via FRET. We also report measurement of the sensitized emission lifetime, a measurement that is completely insensitive to total concentration and incomplete labeling.
Macroscopic Multifunctional Graphene-Based Hydrogels and Aerogels by a Metal Ion Induced Self-Assembly Process (2012)

We report a one-step fabrication of macroscopic multifunctional graphene-based hydrogels with robust interconnected networks under the synergistic effects of the reduction of graphene oxide sheets by ferrous ions and in situ simultaneous deposition of nanoparticles on graphene sheets. The functional components, such as α-FeOOH nanorods and magnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles, can be easily incorporated with graphene sheets to assemble macroscopic graphene monoliths just by control of pH value under mild conditions. Such functional graphene-based hydrogels exhibit excellent capability for removal of pollutants and, thus, could be used as promising adsorbents for water purification. The method presented here is proved to be versatile to induce macroscopic assembly of reduced graphene sheets with other functional metal oxides and thus to access a variety of graphene-based multifunctional nanocomposites in the form of macroscopic hydrogels or aerogels.
Interconnections: Bridges and Routers (1992)

Computer networks, once devoted primarily to research, are now an integral part of modern life. People rely on them to do real work, such as handling bank transactions or making airline reservations. Routers and bridges are needed to form networks of reasonable size. To manage a network it is necessary to understand these devices.
Sub-microwatt photonic microwave receiver (2002)

We report efficient photonic reception of nanowatt microwave signals by their direct upconversion into optical domain using high-Q whispering gallery modes in a millimeter size toroidal cavity fabricated from LiNbO/sub 3/.
Structural Bioinformatics-Based Design of Selective, Irreversible Kinase Inhibitors (2005)

The active sites of 491 human protein kinase domains are highly conserved, which makes the design of selective inhibitors a formidable challenge. We used a structural bioinformatics approach to identify two selectivity filters, a threonine and a cysteine, at defined positions in the active site of p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (RSK). A fluoromethylketone inhibitor, designed to exploit both selectivity filters, potently and selectively inactivated RSK1 and RSK2 in mammalian cells. Kinases with only one selectivity filter were resistant to the inhibitor, yet they became sensitized after genetic introduction of the second selectivity filter. Thus, two amino acids that distinguish RSK from other protein kinases are sufficient to confer inhibitor sensitivity.
Feeder-free derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from adult human adipose stem cells (2009)

Ectopic expression of transcription factors can reprogram somatic cells to a pluripotent state. However, most of the studies used skin fibroblasts as the starting population for reprogramming, which usually take weeks for expansion from a single biopsy. We show here that induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from adult human adipose stem cells (hASCs) freshly isolated from patients. Furthermore, iPS cells can be readily derived from adult hASCs in a feeder-free condition, thereby eliminating potential variability caused by using feeder cells. hASCs can be safely and readily isolated from adult humans in large quantities without extended time for expansion, are easy to maintain in culture, and therefore represent an ideal autologous source of cells for generating individual-specific iPS cells.
Diabetogenic Effect of Streptozotocin in the Rat During the Perinatal Period (1974)

The diabetogenic effect of streptozotocin was investigated in the rat during the fetal and neonatal life. Streptozotocin was directly injected in the vitellin vein of the fetus or in the saphenous vein of the neonate. In the 21.5 day old fetus, diabetogenic activity was demonstrated with a single dose of 100 μg/gm. administered the day before, and this was indicated by a fall in the pancreatic insulin content to 20 per cent and a lowering of the plasma insulin to 60 per cent of the controls. A single dose (100 μg/gm.) of streptozotocin administered on the day of birth produced an overt diabetes in the neonate: the maximal fall in the pancreatic insulin content (7 per cent of the controls) was observed four days after the streptozotocin injection, during the highest blood glucose level (300 per cent of the controls). A significant increase in the pancreatic glucagon content was observed twenty-four hours after the maximal insulin depletion. Liver glycogen content was occasionally decreased. More severe diabetes was obtained by two streptozotocin injections (50μg/gm.), with lowest pancreatic and highest blood glucose levels at 1 per cent and 60 per cent, respectively. A clearcut drop of the plasma insulin/glucose ratio was observed in the drug-treated animals. Three weeks after injection(s), basal blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were normal, although impairment of insulin secretion still appeared after glucose load and insulin pancreatic content was still slightly lower. A rapid and spontaneous, if not quite complete recovery, is a characteristic pattern of the streptozotocin diabetes in the neonate as compared to that in the adult.
Inhibition of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection by Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody (2013)

We identified the domains of CD26 involved in the binding of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) using distinct clones of anti-CD26 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). One clone, named 2F9, almost completely inhibited viral entry. The humanized anti-CD26 MAb YS110 also significantly inhibited infection. These findings indicate that both 2F9 and YS110 are potential therapeutic agents for MERS-CoV infection. YS110, in particular, is a good candidate for immediate testing as a therapeutic modality for MERS.
Highly Sensitive Plasmonic Silver Nanorods (2011)

We compare the single-particle plasmonic sensitivity of silver and gold nanorods with similar resonance wavelengths by monitoring the plasmon resonance shift upon changing the environment from water to 12.5% sucrose solution. We find that silver nanoparticles have 1.2 to 2 times higher sensitivity than gold, in good agreement with simulations based on the boundary-elements-method (BEM). To exclude the effect of particle volume on sensitivity, we test gold rods with increasing particle width at a given resonance wavelength. Using the Drude-model of optical properties of metals together with the quasi-static approximation (QSA) for localized surface plasmons, we show that the dominant contribution to higher sensitivity of silver is the lower background polarizability of the d-band electrons and provide a simple formula for the sensitivity. We improve the reversibility of the silver nanorod sensors upon repeated cycles of environmental changes by blocking the high energy parts of the illumination light.
Synthesis of Well-Defined, Polymer-Grafted Silica Particles by Aqueous ATRP (2001)

Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of various hydrophilic methacrylate monomers on submicrometer-sized silica particles in aqueous media at 20 °C leads to polymer-grafted silica particles whose colloid stability depends on the nature of the grafted polymer. These new organic−inorganic hybrid particles have been extensively characterized by thermogravimetry, elemental microanalyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. They are expected to be interesting model colloids for evaluating theories of steric stabilization.
Endotoxin Inhibits Intestinal Epithelial Restitution through Activation of Rho-GTPase and Increased Focal Adhesions (2004)

Diseases of gut inflammation such as neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) result after an injury to the mucosal lining of the intestine, leading to translocation of bacteria and endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide). Intestinal mucosal defects are repaired by the process of intestinal restitution, during which enterocytes migrate from healthy areas to sites of injury. In an animal model of NEC, we determined that intestinal restitution was significantly impaired compared with control animals. We therefore sought to determine the mechanisms governing enterocyte migration under basal conditions and after an endotoxin challenge. Here we show that the cytoskeletal reorganization and stress fiber formation required for migration in IEC-6 enterocytes requires RhoA. Enterocytes were found to express the endotoxin receptor Toll-like receptor 4, which served to bind and internalize lipopolysaccharide. Strikingly, endotoxin treatment significantly inhibited intestinal restitution, as measured by impaired IEC-6 cell migration across a scraped wound. Lipopolysaccharide was found to increase RhoA activity in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner, leading to an increase in phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and an enhanced number of focal adhesions. Importantly, endotoxin caused a progressive, RhoA-dependent increase in cell matrix tension/contractility, which correlated with the observed impairment in enterocyte migration. We therefore conclude that endotoxin inhibits enterocyte migration through a RhoA-dependent increase in focal adhesions and enhanced cell adhesiveness, which may participate in the impaired restitution observed in experimental NEC.
Tandem Solar Cells from Solution-Processed CdTe and PbS Quantum Dots Using a ZnTe–ZnO Tunnel Junction (2017)

We developed a monolithic CdTe-PbS tandem solar cell architecture in which both the CdTe and PbS absorber layers are solution-processed from nanocrystal inks. Due to their tunable nature, PbS quantum dots (QDs), with a controllable band gap between 0.4 and ∼1.6 eV, are a promising candidate for a bottom absorber layer in tandem photovoltaics. In the detailed balance limit, the ideal configuration of a CdTe (E<sub>g</sub> = 1.5 eV)-PbS tandem structure assumes infinite thickness of the absorber layers and requires the PbS band gap to be 0.75 eV to theoretically achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 45%. However, modeling shows that by allowing the thickness of the CdTe layer to vary, a tandem with efficiency over 40% is achievable using bottom cell band gaps ranging from 0.68 and 1.16 eV. In a first step toward developing this technology, we explore CdTe-PbS tandem devices by developing a ZnTe-ZnO tunnel junction, which appropriately combines the two subcells in series. We examine the basic characteristics of the solar cells as a function of layer thickness and bottom-cell band gap and demonstrate open-circuit voltages in excess of 1.1 V with matched short circuit current density of 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> in prototype devices.
Direct identification of clinically relevant neoepitopes presented on native human melanoma tissue by mass spectrometry (2016)

Although mutations may represent attractive targets for immunotherapy, direct identification of mutated peptide ligands isolated from human leucocyte antigens (HLA) on the surface of native tumour tissue has so far not been successful. Using advanced mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we survey the melanoma-associated immunopeptidome to a depth of 95,500 patient-presented peptides. We thereby discover a large spectrum of attractive target antigen candidates including cancer testis antigens and phosphopeptides. Most importantly, we identify peptide ligands presented on native tumour tissue samples harbouring somatic mutations. Four of eleven mutated ligands prove to be immunogenic by neoantigen-specific T-cell responses. Moreover, tumour-reactive T cells with specificity for selected neoantigens identified by MS are detected in the patient's tumour and peripheral blood. We conclude that direct identification of mutated peptide ligands from primary tumour material by MS is possible and yields true neoepitopes with high relevance for immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer.
Highly stable biosensor using an artificial enzyme (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly stable biosensor using an artificial enzymeM. Y. K. Ho and G. A. RechnitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 3, 536–537Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00130a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00130a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts