gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Communication between malignant glioma cells and vascular endothelial cells through gap junctions (2003)

These results indicate that functional gap junction formation between human malignant glioma cells and VECs occurs. This communication appears to influence tumor angiogenesis. Targeting gap junction signaling may offer a potential mechanism for therapy in patients with these tumors.
Exemestane for Breast-Cancer Prevention in Postmenopausal Women (2011)

Exemestane significantly reduced invasive breast cancers in postmenopausal women who were at moderately increased risk for breast cancer. During a median follow-up period of 3 years, exemestane was associated with no serious toxic effects and only minimal changes in health-related quality of life. (Funded by Pfizer and others; NCIC CTG MAP.3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00083174.).
Interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor stimulate human vascular endothelial cells to promote transendothelial neutrophil passage. (1989)

In an attempt to understand the regulatory mechanisms governing passage of neutrophils from the vascular bed to the interstitial tissue, we analyzed the effect of the pleiotropic monokines interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on transendothelial neutrophil traffic. Short-time preincubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVE) monolayers with IL-1 and TNF led to an impressive time- and dose-dependent increase of endothelial cell-associated neutrophils when working in a full plasma system on petri dishes. Electron microscopic analysis revealed junctional penetration of monolayers by neutrophils. More quantitatively, when using a monolayer-on-filter-system, priming led to a severalfold increase in complete layer passage occurring in the absence of an external chemotactic gradient. Direct comparison with an upside-down modification of the system together with data demonstrating the vectorial behavior of such migration revealed that IL-1-stimulated transendothelial neutrophil traffic is polarized. The described enhancement of neutrophil transendothelial passage was found to be a unique feature of IL-1/TNF-activated HUVE since HUVE-dependent transmigration potentiation was not observed as a consequence of mere neutrophil attachment to endothelial cells (e.g., induced by Fc-mediated adherence of PMN to HUVE). IL-1 acts selectively on endothelial cells as demonstrated by total inhibition of its effect by actinomycin D. Moreover, IL-1 does not induce HUVE monolayers to secrete a chemotaxin, and the neutrophil passage guiding principle is removable from the HUVE surface by short trypsin exposure. Congruent results were obtained with human adult arterial as well as saphenous vein endothelial cells. As shown by blockade of neutrophil migration with pertussis toxin, IL-1- and TNF-inducible transendothelial migration can be dissected into an initial anchoring step, which is succeeded by active neutrophil migration, possibly along a putative endothelial membrane-bound gradient.
Inactivation and Mineralization of Aerosol Deposited Model Pathogenic Microorganisms over TiO2and Pt/TiO2 (2010)

Air disinfection from bacteria and viruses by means of photocatalytic oxidation is investigated with microorganisms loaded over photocatalysts' films from aerosols. Deposition method and equipment have been developed to load Mycobacterium smegmatis , Bacillus thuringiensis , vaccinia virus, and influenza A (H3N2) virus on slides with undoped TiO(2) and platinized sulfated TiO(2) (Pt/TiO(2)). Inactivation dynamics was measured under UVA irradiation and in the dark. About 90% inactivation is reached in 30 min irradiation on TiO(2) and from 90 to 99.8% on Pt/TiO(2). The first-order inactivation rate coefficient ranged from 0.18 to 0.03 min(-1), over Pt/TiO(2) being higher than on TiO(2) for all microorganisms except Bacillus thuringiensis. The photocatalytic mineralization of Bacillus thuringiensis was performed on TiO(2) and Pt/TiO(2) with different photocatalyst and microorganism loadings. Completeness of mineralization depended on the TiO(2) to bacteria mass ratio. The rate of the photocatalytic carbon dioxide production grows with both the cell mass increase and the photocatalyst mass increase. Pt/TiO(2) showed increased rate of mineralization as well as of the inactivation likely due to a better charge carrier separation in the doped semiconductor photocatalyst. The results demonstrate that photocatalytic filters with deposited TiO(2) or Pt/TiO(2) are able to inactivate aerosol microorganisms and completely decompose them into inorganic products and Pt/TiO(2) provides higher disinfection and mineralization rates.
Enzyme-linked oligosorbent assay for detection of polymerase chain reaction-amplified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (1993)

An enzyme-linked oligosorbent assay (ELOSA) was developed for the detection on microtiter plates of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA. The denatured PCR product was hybridized with a passively adsorbed oligonucleotide capture probe and a horseradish peroxidase-labeled oligonucleotide detection probe. The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-ELOSA technique depended to some extent on the nucleotide sequences of the oligonucleotide primer and probe quartet used in the amplification and detection. We evaluated five oligonucleotide quartets located in the gag, pol, vpr, env, and nef regions of HIV-1. DNAs from 39 HIV-1-seropositive individuals and 27 healthy HIV-1-seronegative controls were amplified by the PCR procedure, and the products were detected by ELOSA. Ten copies of HIV-1 DNA against a background of 1 microgram of human DNA were specifically detected by PCR-ELOSA. Specificities and sensitivities were, respectively, 100 and 95% for the gag system, 100 and 97% for the pol system, 100 and 85% for the vpr system, 96 and 95% for the env system, and 100 and 95% for the nef system. The simplicity of ELOSA makes it suitable for automation and applicable to genetic testing and detection of viral and bacterial DNAs or RNAs in most routine laboratories.
A Peptide Antagonist of the TLR4–MD2 Interaction (2009)

Toll-like receptors are an integral part of innate immunity in the central nervous system (CNS); they orchestrate a robust defense in response to both exogenous and endogenous danger signals. Recently, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has emerged as a therapeutic target for the treatment of CNS-related diseases such as sepsis and chronic pain. We herein report a chemical biology approach by using a rationally designed peptide inhibitor to disrupt the TLR4-MD2 association, thereby blocking TLR4 signaling.
New Insights into the Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease (1996)

In early 1993, the genetic data implicating the amyloid precursor protein as one of the loci leading to early onset Alzheimer's disease were reviewed (Hardy and Duff, Annals of Medicine, 25: 437-440), together with the evidence implicating abnormal deposition of beta-amyloid as the initiating point of the process leading to the disease. Since that time, three other genetic loci have been directly implicated in the aetiology of the disease: the apolipoprotein E locus on chromosome 19, the presenilin 1 gene on chromosome 14 and the presenilin 2 gene on chromosome 1. In this article, I review the progress over the last three years and attempt to assess whether the evidence for the amyloid cascade hypothesis still stands scrutiny.
From Micrococcus to Moraxella. The reemergence of Branhamella catarrhalis (1990)

Sir William Osler once stated "Keep an open mind toward pneumonia. Our grandchildren will be interested and are likely to have as many differences of opinion regarding the disease as we have."<sup>1</sup>One difference of opinion that developed among Osler's ideologic grandchildren is the pathogenicity of an organism now referred to as<i>Branhamella catarrhalis. Branhamella catarrhalis</i>, a normal colonizer of the oropharynx, is being increasingly recognized as a cause of bronchitis and pneumonia.<sup>2-5</sup>Because the organism rarely causes bacteremia or empyema, diagnosis is usually based on findings from expectorated sputum. Uncertainty about the true frequency of<i>Branhamella</i>respiratory infection revolves around controversy concerning the definitive diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia. While this organism, formerly called<i>Neisseria catarrhalis</i>, was considered nonpathogenic in the 1960s and 1970s, it is now recognized by some to be one of the common pathogens in respiratory infections.<sup>6</sup>The remarkable emergence of B<i>catarrhalis</i>raises
Novel method for high throughput DNA methylation marker evaluation using PNA-probe library hybridization and MALDI-TOF detection (2006)

The methylation of CpG dinucleotides has become a topic of great interest in cancer research, and the methylation of promoter regions of several tumor suppressor genes has been identified as a marker of tumorigenesis. Evaluation of DNA methylation markers in tumor tissue requires hundreds of samples, which must be analyzed quantitatively due to the heterogeneous composition of biological material. Therefore novel, fast and inexpensive methods for high throughput analysis are needed. Here we introduce a new assay based on peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-library hybridization and subsequent MALDI-TOF analysis. This method is multiplexable, allows the use of standard 384 well automated pipetting, and is more specific and flexible than established methods, such as microarrays and MS-SNuPE. The approach was used to evaluate three candidate colon cancer methylation markers previously identified in a microarray study. The methylation of the genes Ade-nomatous polyposis coli (APC), glycogen synthase kinase-β-3 (GSK3β) and eyes absent 4 (EYA4) was analyzed in 12 colon cancer and 12 normal tissues. APC and EYA4 were confirmed as being differentially methylated in colon cancer patients whereas GSK3β did not show differential methylation.
rBPI23 ATTENUATES ENDOTOXIN-INDICED CARDIOVASCULAR DEPRESSION IN AWAKE RABBITS (1995)

We determined the effect of a recombinant N-terminal fragment of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI23) on hemodynamic and renal sympathetic responses to lethal endotoxemia in unanesthetized rabbits. Endotoxin was continuously infused intravenously (200 micrograms/kg/h) over 120 min with simultaneous infusion of either rBPI23 (3 mg/kg bolus followed by 6 mg/kg/h over 120 min; n = 6) or thaumatin (the same dose as rBPI23), a control cationic protein with a molecular weight and isoelectric point similar to that of rBPI23 (n = 9). Tissue blood flow was also determined using colored microspheres to the left ventricle, renal cortex, liver, and skeletal muscle. Seven of nine animals treated with endotoxin and thaumatin died between 45 and 120 min after start of the infusion, whereas all animals with rBPI23 treatment were alive throughout the entire 2 h experimental period. A transient increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity was observed in the thaumatin-treated animals followed by sympathoinhibition with concomitant decreases in heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. Tissue blood flow to all measured organs gradually decreased in animals receiving endotoxin and thaumatin. However, rBPI23 abolished all these deleterious responses to endotoxin. In conclusion, rBPI23 attenuates the acute lethal sympathoinhibitory and hemodynamic effects of endotoxemia in awake rabbits.
The protein that binds to DNA base J in trypanosomatids has features of a thymidine hydroxylase (2007)

Trypanosomatids contain an unusual DNA base J (beta-d-glucosylhydroxymethyluracil), which replaces a fraction of thymine in telomeric and other DNA repeats. To determine the function of base J, we have searched for enzymes that catalyze J biosynthesis. We present evidence that a protein that binds to J in DNA, the J-binding protein 1 (JBP1), may also catalyze the first step in J biosynthesis, the conversion of thymine in DNA into hydroxymethyluracil. We show that JBP1 belongs to the family of Fe(2+) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and that replacement of conserved residues putatively involved in Fe(2+) and 2-oxoglutarate-binding inactivates the ability of JBP1 to contribute to J synthesis without affecting its ability to bind to J-DNA. We propose that JBP1 is a thymidine hydroxylase responsible for the local amplification of J inserted by JBP2, another putative thymidine hydroxylase.
In vivo manipulation of dendritic cells to induce therapeutic immunity (2002)

Efficient antigen presentation and T-cell priming are essential components of effective antitumor immunity. Dendritic cells are critical to both of these functions but to date no method has been devised that both targets antigen to these cells and activates them, in situ, in a manner that induces systemic immunity. In this study we combined a dendritic cell growth factor, Flt3 ligand, with a dendritic cell activator, immunostimulatory DNA, and a tumor antigen to activate and load dendritic cells in vivo. Initial studies showed that immunostimulatory DNA not only activates dendritic cells but also prolongs their survival in vivo and in vitro. Following treatment of mice with Flt3 ligand, coadministration of immunostimulatory DNA and antigen induced potent antitumor immunity, resulting in both tumor prevention and regression of existing tumors. CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes but not CD4 T cells were required for tumor protection. Natural killer cells also contributed to tumor protection. These results show that dendritic cells can be loaded with antigen and activated, in situ, and provide the basis for dendritic cell- targeted clinical strategies.
Flap Endonuclease 1: A Central Component of DNA Metabolism (2004)

▪ Abstract One strand of cellular DNA is generated as RNA-initiated discontinuous segments called Okazaki fragments that later are joined. The RNA terminated region is displaced into a 5′ single-stranded flap, which is removed by the structure-specific flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), leaving a nick for ligation. Similarly, in long-patch base excision repair, a damaged nucleotide is displaced into a flap and removed by FEN1. FEN1 is a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. As an endonuclease, FEN1 enters the flap from the 5′ end and then tracks to cleave the flap base. Cleavage is oriented by the formation of a double flap. Analyses of FEN1 crystal structures suggest mechanisms for tracking and cleavage. Some flaps can form self-annealed and template bubble structures that interfere with FEN1. FEN1 interacts with other nucleases and helicases that allow it to act efficiently on structured flaps. Genetic and biochemical analyses continue to reveal many roles of FEN1.
Preparation and Properties of 3,6-Dihydroxy-2,4-bis-[N-N´-di-(carboxymethyl)-aminomethyl] fluoran (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of 3,6-Dihydroxy-2,4-bis-[N-N´-di-(carboxymethyl)-aminomethyl] fluoranD. F. H. Wallach, D. M. Surgenor, Jon. Soderberg, and Elizabeth. DelanoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1959, 31, 3, 456–460Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60147a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stimulation of neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by EGF and KCl depolarization: a Ca(2+)-independent phenomenon. (1995)

MAP kinase activity is necessary for growth factor induction of neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Although NGF and EGF both stimulate MAP kinase activity, EGF does not stimulate neurite extension. We report that EGF, in combination with KCl, stimulates neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. This phenomenon was independent of intracellular Ca2+ increases and not due to enhancement of MAP kinase activity over that seen with EGF alone. However, EGF plus KCl increased intracellular cAMP, and other cAMP elevating agents acted synergistically with EGF to promote neurite outgrowth. Stimulation of neurite outgrowth by cAMP and EGF was blocked by inhibitors of transcription suggesting that synergistic regulation of transcription by the cAMP and MAP kinase pathways may stimulate neurite growth.
Array Reactors for Parallel Synthesis (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTArray Reactors for Parallel SynthesisPhilip F. Hughes, Thomas H. Graham, and Jose S. MendozaView Author Information Lilly RTP Labs, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Company, 20 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 2004, 6, 3, 308–311Publication Date (Web):April 21, 2004Publication History Received30 January 2004Published online21 April 2004Published inissue 1 May 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cc0499643https://doi.org/10.1021/cc0499643brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aluminum,Amorphous materials,Drug discovery,Heat transfer,Screening assays Get e-Alerts
Phase I study of ICRF-187 using a daily for 3 days schedule. (1981)

ICRF-187, the enantiomer of ICRF-159 formulated for iv use, was administered to 23 patients in a phase I clinical trial. The dose ranged from 500 to 1500 mg/m2 every day for 3 days and was repeated every 28 days. The toxic effects included moderate to severe leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, which recovered by the 21st day of a treatment cycle. Myelosuppression was more severe in patients with prior nitrosourea treatment. Nonmyelosuppressive toxic effects included nausea and vomiting, transient elevations in liver function tests, alopecia, and increased urinary clearances of iron and zinc. The starting dose for phase II trials should be 1250 mg/m2 daily for 3 days repeated at 21-day intervals.
Insulin Inhibits Cardiac Mesoderm, Not Mesendoderm, Formation During Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Modulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling Can Rescue This Inhibition (2012)

The study of the regulatory signaling hierarchies of human heart development is limited by a lack of model systems that can reproduce the precise developmental events that occur during human embryogenesis. The advent of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology and robust cardiac differentiation methods affords a unique opportunity to monitor the full course of cardiac induction in vitro. Here, we show that stage-specific activation of insulin signaling strongly inhibited cardiac differentiation during a monolayer-based differentiation protocol that used transforming growth factor β superfamily ligands to generate cardiomyocytes. However, insulin did not repress cardiomyocyte differentiation in a defined protocol that used small molecule regulators of canonical Wnt signaling. By examining the context of insulin inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation, we determined that the inhibitory effects by insulin required Wnt/β-catenin signaling and that the cardiomyocyte differentiation defect resulting from insulin exposure was rescued by inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin during the cardiac mesoderm (Nkx2.5+) stage. Thus, insulin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, as a network, coordinate to influence hPSC differentiation to cardiomyocytes, with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway dominant to the insulin pathway. Our study contributes to the understanding of the regulatory hierarchies of human cardiomyocyte differentiation and has implications for modeling human heart development.
Cardiovascular effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. (1994)

In patients with heart failure due to LV dysfunction, inhalation of NO causes a decrease in the PVR associated with an increase in LV filling pressure. These findings predict that inhaled NO, if used alone at this dose (80 ppm), may have adverse effects in patients with LV failure.
Polymorphism and genetic mapping of the human oxytocin receptor gene on chromosome 3 (1995)

Centrally administered oxytocin has been reported to facilitate affiliative and social behaviours, in functional harmony with its well-known peripheral effects on uterine contraction and milk ejection. The biological effects of oxytocin could be perturbed by mutations occurring in the sequence of the oxytocin receptor gene, and it would be of interest to establish the position of this gene on the human linkage map. Therefore we identified a polymorphism at the human oxytocin receptor gene. A portion of the 3' untranslated region containing a 30 bp CA repeat was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), revealing a polymorphism with two alleles occurring with frequencies of 0.77 and 0.23 in a sample of Caucasian CEPH parents (n = 70). The CA repeat polymorphism we detected was used to map the the human oxytocin receptor to chromosome 3p25-3p26, in a region which contains several important genes, including loci for Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) and renal cell carcinoma.
Acoustic-Imaging Computations by Echolocating Bats: Unification of Diversely-Represented Stimulus Features into Whole Images (1989)

The echolocating bat, Eptesicus fuscus, perceives the distance to sonar targets from the delay of echoes and the shape of targets from the spectrum of echoes. However, shape is perceived in terms of the target's range profile. The time separation of echo components from parts of the target located at different distances is reconstructed from the echo spectrum and added to the estimate of absolute delay already derived from the arrival-time of echoes. The bat thus perceives the distance to targets and depth within targets along the same psychological range dimension, which is computed. The image corresponds to the crosscorrelation function of echoes. Fusion of physiologically distinct time- and frequency-domain representations into a final, common time-domain image illustrates the binding of within-modality features into a unified, whole image. To support the structure of images along the dimension of range, bats can perceive echo delay with a hyperacuity of 10 nanoseconds.