gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety of formoterol Turbuhaler® at cumulative dose of 90 µg in patients with acute bronchial obstruction (2001)

This study compared the safety of formoterol (Oxis Turbuhaler; 90 microg delivered dose; 120 microg metered dose) with terbutaline (Bricanyl Turbuhaler; 10 mg), in patients with acute bronchoconstriction. Forty-eight patients (31 females) with a mean age of 45 yrs, were randomized into two parallel groups (double-blind design). Mean baseline forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was 0.98 L (33% of predicted normal). Study drugs were administered on six occasions during 3 h (formoterol 4.5 microg or terbutaline 0.5 mg x inhalation(-1), 20 inhalations). Patients received intravenous prednisolone after 1.5 h and oxygen during the first 3 h. Pulse rate, serum potassium, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter ECG, arterial blood gases and FEV1 were assessed during 12 h after the first dose. Four patients (one formoterol, three terbutaline) discontinued. The 12-h mean values of serum potassium decreased from 4.02 to 3.89 mmol x L(-1) for formoterol and from 4.22 to 3.76 mmol x L(-1) for terbutaline. Mean 12-h pulse rate was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the terbutaline group (101.7 beats per minute (bpm)) than in the formoterol group (93.5 bpm). No individual patient value was considered clinically important or alarming. FEV1 improved in both groups but with no statistically significant difference between treatments. Oxis Turbuhaler (90 microg) was at least as safe and well tolerated as terbutaline (10 mg) [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] in patients with acute bronchoconstriction.
The chemistry of additives in damascene copper plating (2005)

Copper plating baths used for forming integrated circuit interconnects typically contain three or four component additive mixtures which facilitate the superfilling of via holes and trench lines during damascene plating. Extensive study over the last two decades has provided researchers with an understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The role of cuprous intermediates in the copper deposition reaction has long been acknowledged, but it is not yet fully understood. In this paper we describe the results of an electrochemical study of the interaction of the organic additives used with copper and copper ions in solution. It is shown that cuprous intermediates near the copper surface affect the overpotential and the kinetics of plating. The additives regulate the presence of cuprous species on the surface; levelers and suppressors inhibit Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> formation, whereas accelerating additives enhance Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> formation. Acceleration by the bis(sodiumsulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) additive results from accumulation of cuprous complexes near the surface. Adsorbed cuprous thiolate [Cu(I)(S(CH <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> SO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> H) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ad</inf> ] is formed through interaction of Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ions and SPS rather than Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> and mercaptopropane sulfonic acid (MPS).
An Introduction to Support Vector Machines (2000)

This book is the first comprehensive introduction to Support Vector Machines (SVMs), a new generation learning system based on recent advances in statistical learning theory. The book also introduces Bayesian analysis of learning and relates SVMs to Gaussian Processes and other kernel based learning methods. SVMs deliver state-of-the-art performance in real-world applications such as text categorisation, hand-written character recognition, image classification, biosequences analysis, etc. Their first introduction in the early 1990s lead to a recent explosion of applications and deepening theoretical analysis, that has now established Support Vector Machines along with neural networks as one of the standard tools for machine learning and data mining. Students will find the book both stimulating and accessible, while practitioners will be guided smoothly through the material required for a good grasp of the theory and application of these techniques. The concepts are introduced gradually in accessible and self-contained stages, though in each stage the presentation is rigorous and thorough. Pointers to relevant literature and web sites containing software ensure that it forms an ideal starting point for further study. Equally the book will equip the practitioner to apply the techniques and an associated web site will provide pointers to updated literature, new applications, and on-line software
In-vitro microbiological activities of DuP 105 and DuP 721, novel synthetic oxazolidinones (1988)

DuP 105 and 721, synthetic antibiotics belonging to a totally novel chemical class (oxazolidinones), have been found to be active in vitro against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. DuP 721 had geometric mean MICs ranging from 1.1 to 16 mg/l against 167 strains of Staph. aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Staph. saprophyticus, streptococci of Groups A, B and D and diphtheroids. DuP 105 was between 1.5 and eight-fold less active. Bacteroides fragilis strains were also susceptible to the DuP compounds (mean MICs being 8.3 and 14.9 mg/l for DuP 721 and 105, respectively), but other Gram-negative species and yeasts were not inhibited by concentrations in excess of 100 mg/l. Both compounds had a predominantly bacteriostatic action. No primary resistance was found, and the incidence of resistant variants in 105 strains tested was less than 1 per 10(8) bacteria.
Protein kinase C down-regulation, and not transient activation, correlates with melanocyte growth. (1991)

The nontumorigenic, immortal line of murine melanocytes, Mel-ab, requires the continual presence of biologically active phorbol esters for growth (R.E. Wilson et al., Cancer Res., 49:711-716, 1989). Comparable treatments of B16 murine melanoma cells result in partial inhibition of cell proliferation. The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the modulation of growth of cells from these two melanocytic cell lines has been investigated. Significant levels of PKC were present in quiescent Mel-ab cells as determined by Western blotting, whereas no immunoreactive protein was detected in cell extracts from either proliferating Mel-ab or B16.F1 cells. Phosphorylation of a Mr 80,000 protein, which by one- and two-dimensional gel analysis comigrated with the known Mr 80,000 protein substrate of PKC in fibroblasts, was induced in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-stimulated quiescent Mel-ab cells but not in proliferating Mel-ab cells or B16.F1 melanoma cells. Direct measurement of PKC activity in these cells demonstrated a 10-fold greater level of activity in quiescent Mel-ab cells (262 +/- 50 pmol/min/mg SD) compared with growing cells (22.8 +/- 11.8 pmol/min/mg SD). An intermediate level of activity was detected in proliferating B16.F1 melanoma cells (148.5 +/- 20.4 pmol/min/mg SD). The subcellular distribution of PKC was dependent upon the growth state of the cells such that quiescent Mel-ab cells displayed a higher level of activity in the cytosol, whereas growing Mel-ab cells displayed greater activity in the particulate fraction. Like many other transformed lines, B16.F1 melanoma cells constitutively expressed the majority of enzyme activity in the particulate fraction. Measurement of [3H]phorbol ester binding in intact cells paralleled the PKC activation data such that quiescent Mel-ab cells displayed binding of 1612 +/- 147 cpm/10(6) cells, whereas proliferating Mel-ab and B16.F1 melanoma cells displayed binding of 652 +/- 28 and 947 +/- 81 cpm/10(6) cells, respectively. Membrane-permeant diacylglycerol analogues, which activated but did not down-regulate PKC, were devoid of growth-stimulating effects on melanocytes, even in the presence of the specific diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor, R59022. Together, these data show that PKC down-regulation, and not activation, correlates with the growth of melanocytes in culture.
Formation of Thin Films of Platinum, Palladium, and Mixed Platinum: Palladium Nanocrystallites by the Langmuir Monolayer Technique (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of Thin Films of Platinum, Palladium, and Mixed Platinum: Palladium Nanocrystallites by the Langmuir Monolayer TechniqueFiona C. Meldrum, Nicholas A. Kotov, and Janos H. FendlerCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 6, 1112–1116Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00054a010https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00054a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Olfactory neuroblastoma associated with Kallman's syndrome. (1992)

Kallman's syndrome is an unusual clinical entity that includes anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We present a patient in whom an olfactory neuroblastoma was discovered during evaluation of his Kallman's syndrome. While other craniofacial abnormalities have been associated with this condition, to our knowledge this is the first report of its association with olfactory neuroblastoma.
Antitumor effects of interferon-omega: in vivo therapy of human tumor xenografts in nude mice. (1999)

The antitumor effect of the type I IFN, IFN-omega, was evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo studies of human cancer. For these studies, the cDNA for human IFN-omega was cloned into a eukaryotic expression plasmid DNA (pDNA) driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter. Supernatants from UM449 cells transfected in vitro with IFN-omega pDNA had antiproliferative effects on 11 of 13 human tumor cell lines. For in vivo studies, nude mice were implanted s.c. with one of the following human tumors: NIH: OVCAR-3 ovarian carcinoma, A375 melanoma, or A431 epidermoid carcinoma. Direct intratumoral injection of 100 microg of a IFN-omega pDNA DMRIE/DOPE complex (1:1 DNA:DMRIE mass ratio) for 6 consecutive days resulted in a significant reduction in the tumor volume of NIH: OVCAR-3 ovarian carcinoma or A375 melanoma (P = 0.02). IFN-omega pDNA delivered by i.m. injection also had an antitumor effect. Nude mice bearing s.c. A431 epidermoid carcinoma and injected i.m. with 100 microg of IFN-omega pDNA, twice per week for 3 weeks, had a significant reduction in tumor volume (P = 0.009). These results demonstrate for the first time that IFN-omega can have in vivo antitumor effects in several models of human cancer.
Fuel Volatility Effects on Driveability of Vehicles Equipped with Current and Advanced Fuel Management Systems (1978)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Fuel volatility and cold/hot engine driveability relationships were evaluated in six 1976/1977 model cars representing conventional carburetor and advanced type fuel metering systems. The program objective was to provide guidance for engine modifications to take advantage of fuel benefits or to overcome performance deficiencies. There were large variations among cars in the maximum volatility tolerance relative to vapor lock during summer, hot engine operation, with a fuel-injected and a new design carburetor system tolerating gasoline volatility levels in excess of normal maximum summer levels. Similarly, cold engine start and driveaway performance at low and intermediate ambient conditions varied widely. Fuel-injected cars showed the best performance and least sensitivity to gasoline volatility changes. Performance differences among all cars with a specific fuel were significantly greater than differences resulting from typical variations of fuel volatility for individual cars. This shows that fuel systems can be designed to provide good overall driveability performance and wide tolerance in fuel volatility, permitting greater flexibility to produce unleaded gasoline.&lt;/div&gt;
PFIZER LTD v F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE AG (2019)

Abstract H1 Patents – European Patents – Arrow declarations – Jurisdiction – De-designation of the UK – Shielding – The “useful purpose” test – Wording of declarations sought – Discretion – Commercial certainty – “Spin off” value in other jurisdictions – Forum shopping
7α-Methyl-Nortestosterone (MENT): The Optimal Androgen for Male Contraception (1993)

(i) MENT is the first androgen that has a health benefit compared to testosterone; (ii) MENT will be promoted as one component of a two-implant system for male contraception, the other component being an implant that will release an LHRH analogue; (iii) MENT has potential uses in patients with a variety of disorders, including hypogonadism, prostatic hyperplasia and muscle wasting.
Saliva: an emerging biofluid for early detection of diseases. (2009)

The capability to assess physiological states, detect morbidity initiation and progression, and monitor posttreatment therapeutic outcomes through a noninvasive approach is one of the most desirable goals for healthcare research and delivery. Saliva, a multi-constituent oral fluid, has high potential for the surveillance of general health and disease. To reach the above goal through saliva-based diagnostics, two prerequisites must be fulfilled: (1) discovering biomarker(s) for different diseases among the complicated components of saliva, and (2) advancing sensitivity and specificity of biomarker(s) through persistent development of technologies. Under the support and research blueprint initiated by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), salivary diagnostics has not only steadily progressed with respect to accuracy and availability, but has also bridged up-to-date nanotechnology to expand the areas of application. With collective efforts over several years, saliva has been demonstrated to be a promising bodily fluid for early detection of diseases, and salivary diagnostics has exhibited tremendous potential in clinical applications. This review presents an overview of the value of saliva as a credible diagnostic tool, the discovery of salivary biomarkers, and the development of salivary diagnostics now and in the future.
Unifying heterogeneous information models (1998)

article Free AccessUnifying heterogeneous information models Author: Narinder Singh Tesserae Information Systems, San Jose, CA Tesserae Information Systems, San Jose, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 41Issue 5May 1998 pp 37–44https://doi.org/10.1145/274946.274954Published:01 May 1998Publication History 26citation4,238DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations26Total Downloads4,238Last 12 Months32Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Evaluation of Cytokines for Expansion of the Megakaryocyte and Granulocyte Lineages (1997)

The goal of our study was to identify cytokine combinations that would result in simultaneous ex vivo expansion of both the megakaryocyte (Mk) and granulocyte lineages, since these cell types have the potential to reduce the periods of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia following chemotherapy. We investigated the effects of cytokine combinations on expansion of the Mk (CD41a+ cells and colony forming unit [CFU]-Mk) and granulocyte (CD15+ cells and CFU-granulocyte/monocyte [GM]) lineages. Peripheral blood CD34+ cells were cultured in serum-free medium with interleukin 3 (IL-3), stem cell factor (SCF), and various combinations of thrombopoietin (TPO), IL-6, GM-CSF, and/or G-CSF. The Mk lineage was primarily influenced by TPO in our cultures, although Mk and CFU-Mk numbers were increased when TPO was combined with IL-6. The primary stimulator of the granulocyte lineage was G-CSF, although many synergistic and additive effects were observed with addition of other factors. Expansion of CFU-GM increased upon addition of more cytokines. The cytokine combination of IL-3, SCF, TPO, IL-6, GM-CSF and G-CSF produced the greatest number of granulocytes and CFU-GM. The minimum cytokines necessary for expansion of both the Mk and granulocyte lineages included TPO and G-CSF, since no other factors examined could increase Mk and granulocyte numbers to the same extent. The number of hematopoietic progenitors produced in our culture system should be sufficient for successful engraftment following myelosuppressive therapy if produced on a scale of about one liter.
Effects of quality improvement strategies for type 2 diabetes on glycemic control: a meta-regression analysis. (2006)

Most QI strategies produced small to modest improvements in glycemic control. Team changes and case management showed more robust improvements, especially for interventions in which case managers could adjust medications without awaiting physician approval. Estimates of the effectiveness of other specific QI strategies may have been limited by difficulty in classifying complex interventions, insufficient numbers of studies, and publication bias.
Singing voice detection with deep recurrent neural networks (2015)

In this paper, we propose a new method for singing voice detection based on a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This classifier is able to take a past and future temporal context into account to decide on the presence/absence of singing voice, thus using the inherent sequential aspect of a short-term feature extraction in a piece of music. The BLSTM-RNN contains several hidden layers, so it is able to extract a simple representation fitted to our task from low-level features. The results we obtain significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods on a common database.
Design of a Survivable Hybrid Wireless-Optical Broadband-Access Network (2011)

The hybrid wireless-optical broadband-access network (WOBAN) is a promising architecture for access networks. Although the front-end wireless mesh networks in a WOBAN are self-healing, the back-end passive optical networks do not have survivability due to their tree topology. We propose a cost-effective protection method for WOBAN that deals with network element failures in the optical part of WOBAN. We define the maximum protection with minimum cost (MPMC) problem and show that the problem can be converted to the minimum cost maximum flow (MCMF) problem. We also present an integer linear programming (ILP) model for the MCMF problem. Numerical results are reported for the application of our algorithm to obtain the optimal solutions for different instances of the MPMC problem.
Natural killer activity in thyroid cancer patients. (1987)

The natural killer activity of thyroid cancer patients has been studied. The cytotoxic capacity was found to be elevated in tumourless patients and in cases of highly differentiated histologic type compared to the results of patients with metastasis or anaplastic tumour. The values of patients in the progressive phase of the disease were significantly worse compared to the healthy controls. No connection was found between the natural killer activity and the time elapsed since the operation.
Metabolic Syndrome as a Precursor of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2005)

Metabolic syndrome is common and is associated with an increased risk for CVD and T2DM in both sexes. The metabolic syndrome accounts for up to one third of CVD in men and approximately half of new T2DM over 8 years of follow-up.
A New Culture Model Facilitating Rapid Quantitative Testing of Mitotic Spindle Inhibition in Mammalian Cells2 (1976)

A new culture model, which facilitated both mass screening of potential anticancer drugs acting on microtubules and quantitative experiments with known "antitubulins," was found to have the following advantages: use of mammalian cells (either transformed or not), simplicity of the techniques (phase-contrast microscopy or simple microscopy after Giemsa staining), and ease with which it lent itself to quantification. The model was based on the uniform multimicronucleation response induced by antitubulins in MO cells. The specificity (towards antitubulins) of this response was ascertained by the use of many substances, including most of the known antitubulins and a number of nonrelated cytostatic or cytotoxic compounds. The uniformity of the response was established with the use of time-lapse observation of large numbers of cells and quantitative approaches. The results obtained in this model with the standard antitubulins (colchicine, vinblastine, vincristine) showed similar effects. The major difference between colchicine and the Vinca alkaloids was that colchicine was less reversible, which might be an indication of stronger intracellular binding. The Vinca alkaloids acted synergistically with colchicine when threshold subactive doses were combined, although it is known that they bind at a different site on tubulins. A number of substances that have been claimed or were suspected to interfere with microtubules were tested. The results showed that the following substances were indeed active with MO cells: colchicine, vinblastine, vincristine, podophyllotoxin, rotenone, griseofulvin, mercaptoethanol, benomyl, methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate, and R 17934. Compounds that were inactive on these mammalian cells in culture included isopropyl carbanilate and melatonin, both of which have been shown to be active in other systems.