gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells From Patients With Renal Cell Cancer: Modulation of Their Functional Properties After Therapy With Biological Response Modifiers (IFN-α plus IL-2 and IL-12) (2000)

The combination of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) plus interleukin (IL-2) has been accepted in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC), whereas vaccines based on IL-12 or dendritic cells (DCs) are still being investigated. Here the authors analyzed 1) the feasibility to generate functional monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) from patients treated with biological response modifiers (BRMs) who have MRCC, 2) the phenotypic modulations of these MDDCs during BRM treatment. Eight and 13 MRCC patients received IL-2 plus IFN-alpha or IL-12 immunotherapy, respectively. The adherent fraction of mononuclear cells from patients' blood drawn before, during, and after immunotherapy was incubated in clinically approved culture medium supplemented with 5% autologous serum, rhu granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and rhuIL-4 for a week. At day 7 or 8 of culture, floating cells were examined in flow cytometric and functional assays (alloreactivity, proliferation assays in the presence of tetanus toxoid or tumor peptides, IL-12 secretion). In all patients except two, MDDCs could be generated but at a lower rate compared with healthy volunteers. Morphologic and phenotypical analyses revealed immature DCs with low levels of CD1a or CD83 expression throughout therapy with BRMs. Capacities in mixed leukocyte reactions were similar to those of healthy volunteers and stable during immunotherapy, whereas presentation of major histocompatibility complex class II tetanus toxoid peptide complexes was slightly enhanced during and after IL-12 therapy. IL-12 expression levels under IFN-gamma and CD40L stimulation were significantly lower in MDDC cultures from patients with MRCC compared with healthy volunteers. Overall, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a cohort of 21 patients with metastatic disease who were treated with BRMs maintained their ability to differentiate into functional MDDCs with no selective quantitative or qualitative advantage.
Phlebography in Long-Term Catheterization of the Subclavian Vein (1978)

The frequency of superior central venous thrombosis was studied in a consecutive retrospective series of 27 patients with severe gastrointestinal disorders in whom long-term catheterization of the subclavian vein for parenteral nutrition was carried out. The patients had 35 periods of catheterization ranging from 14 to 766, mean 86, days and a total of 51 catheter periods. Only one patient showed clinical signs of thrombosis in spite of phlebographic findings revealing seven cases of central venous thrombosis. Recanalization was not seen. Exchange of catheter was performed 17 times in 10 patients using the Seldinger technique. This did not influence thrombosis rate. Septicaemia was found in five patients subsiding after catheter exchange. No fatalities occurred, and no correlation between the septicaemia and thrombosis rate was found. Catheters used for more than 100 days showed changes of mechanical properties. It is therefore advisable to exchange catheters after 3 months' use by the Seldinger technique. The discrepancy between the clinical and phlebographic findings emphasizes that repeated subclavian catheterization should be preceded by bilateral phlebography.
Dietary antioxidants improve arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (2010)

Most cases of erectile dysfunction (ED) are associated with oxidative stress risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertension. Our goal was to search for markers of oxidative stress in arteriogenic ED and examine the protective role of dietary antioxidants. Atherosclerosis-induced ED was developed in rabbits by balloon de-endothelialization of the iliac arteries. Ballooned and age-matched control animals were assigned into subgroups receiving pomegranate extract antioxidants in drinking water or tap water as placebo. After 8 weeks, penile blood flow and erectile activity were recorded. Erectile tissue relaxation, oxidative products, oxidative stress-responsive genes and structure were examined using organ bath, enzyme immunoassay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Arterial ballooning caused diffused atherosclerosis, decreased intracavernosal blood flow and led to ED. Impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation, diffused fibrosis, increased oxidative products, upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and aldose reductase (AR) gene expression, mitochondrial and endothelial structural damage and increased caveolae were evident in erectile tissues from atherosclerotic animals receiving placebo. Upregulation of antioxidant enzymes SOD and AR failed to protect ischaemic erectile tissue from oxidative injury. Pomegranate extract significantly improved intracavernosal blood flow, erectile activity, smooth muscle relaxation and fibrosis of the atherosclerotic group in comparison with the atherosclerotic group receiving placebo, but did not normalize them to the age-matched control levels. Pomegranate extract appeared more effective in diminishing oxidative products, preventing SOD and AR gene upregulation, and protecting mitochondrial, endothelial and caveolae structural integrity of the atherosclerotic group. Our data suggest the presence of oxidative stress in ED and a more efficient action of antioxidants on molecular and ultrastructural alterations than on distinct functional deficit and structural damage in the ischaemic penis.
Systemic inflammation and disease progression in Alzheimer disease (2009)

Both acute and chronic systemic inflammation, associated with increases in serum tumor necrosis factor alpha, is associated with an increase in cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease.
Comparison of the glycolipid receptor specificities of Shiga-like toxin type II and Shiga-like toxin type II variants (1990)

The antigenically distinct Shiga-like toxins (SLTs) SLT-1 and SLT-II are cytotoxic for both Vero and HeLa cells and use Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer (Gb3) molecules as functional receptors. SLT-II-related variants SLT-IIvp and SLT-IIvh, produced by a porcine isolate and a human isolate, respectively, are cytotoxic for Vero but not HeLa cells. To investigate the basis for these differences in cytotoxic specificity among SLTs, the nature of the receptor for the SLT-II variants was examined. First, the patterns of binding of SLT-II and the SLT-II variants to Gb3 receptor analogs Gal alpha 1-4Gal-bovine serum albumin and Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc-bovine serum albumin were compared. SLT-IIvp bound the trisaccharide neoglycoprotein preferentially, while SLT-IIvh bound both analogs equally but with less affinity than did SLT-II. Next, the glycolipids to which the SLT-II variants bound in Vero and HeLa cells were identified by thin-layer chromatography. SLT-IIvp bound to Gb3, GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer (Gb4), and Gal beta 1-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer (Gb5) in Vero cells but only Gb3 in HeLa cells. However, SLT-IIvh bound to Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-1Cer (Gb2) and Gb3 in HeLa cells but only Gb3 in Vero cells. In addition, hybrid toxins (SLT-IIvp subunit A with SLT-II subunit B or SLT-II subunit A with SLT-IIvp subunit B) were used to show that the receptor specificities of the SLTs was B subunit specific. These differences in receptor specificities are important in vivo, as evidenced by a 400-fold difference in the 50% lethal doses of purified SLT-IIvp and SLT-II (200 versus 0.5 ng, respectively) for mice. These data indicate that SLT-II-cytotoxic variants can occur as a consequence of differences in receptor specificity and affinity.
Preparation and Characterisation of Niobium (V) β-Diketonates (1983)

Abstract Reactions of niobium pentaethoxide with halo-substituted βdiketones as well as 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone were carried out in refluxing benzene in different molar ratios. Compounds of the type [Nb(OEt)5-n(L)n], (where L = p-fluoro, p-chloro-and p-bromo-benzoylacetone as well as 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and n = 1, 2 or 3) have been isolated and characterised by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination and spectral studies like i. r. and n. m. r. Alcoholysis reactions with tert-butanol were also carried out.
Context-based User Profile Management for Personalized Services. (2005)

Frameworks for context-aware services in a ubiquitous computing environment have been developed so far to allow the application services in the environment to monitor a sequence of patterns in user behavior as well as to manage the aggregated user profiles in one server. However, it is a great burden for the whole environment to attend to the individual desires of the users. Thus, we propose a user profile management framework in which the user’s desires, needs, and preferences for services are managed through a wearable personal station, a terminal device worn by users. We exploit service-specific user preferences by describing them as context to provide personalized services. Also, we dynamically update the preferences by learning them. The details such as service properties or contents can be adaptively changed according to the learning results. The proposed framework can be widely exploited for ubiComp-enabling applications which require the interaction between a user and an environment. Moreover, it may support personalized services while ensuring user’s privacy.
Design and Integration of a Telerobotic System for Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Throat (2009)

This paper presents the clinical motivation, design specifications, kinematics, statics, and actuation compensation for a newly constructed telerobotic system for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) of the throat. A hybrid dual-arm telesurgical slave, with twenty joint-space Degrees of Freedom (DoF), is used in this telerobotic system to provide the necessary dexterity in deep surgical fields such as the throat. The telerobotic slave uses novel continuum robots that use multiple super-elastic backbones for actuation and structural integrity. The paper presents the kinematics of the telesurgical slave and methods for actuation compensation to cancel the effects of backlash, friction, and flexibility of the actuation lines. A method for actuation compensation is presented in order to overcome uncertainties of modeling, friction, and backlash. This method uses a tiered hierarchy of two novel approaches of actuation compensation for remotely actuated snake-like robots. The tiered approach for actuation compensation uses compensation in both joint space and configuration space of the continuum robots. These actuation hybrid compensation schemes use intrinsic model information and external data through a recursive linear estimation algorithm and involve compensation using configuration space and joint space variables. Experimental results validate the ability of our integrated telemanipulation system through experiments of suturing and knot tying in confined spaces.
Acid-catalyzed cracking of paraffinic hydrocarbons. 2. Evidence for the protonated cyclopropane mechanism from catalytic cracking experiments (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-catalyzed cracking of paraffinic hydrocarbons. 2. Evidence for the protonated cyclopropane mechanism from catalytic cracking experimentsS. Tiong SieCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 3, 397–402Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00015a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00015a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views604Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chaperone‐like activity and hydrophobicity of α‐crystallin (2006)

alpha-Crystallin, a prominent member of small heat shock protein (sHsp) family and a major structural protein of the eye lens is a large polydisperse oligomer of two isoforms, alphaA- and alphaB-crystallins. Numerous studies have demonstrated that alpha-crystallin functions like a molecular chaperone in preventing the aggregation of various proteins under a wide range of stress conditions. The molecular chaperone function of alpha-crystallin is thus considered to be vital in the maintenance of lens transparency and in cataract prevention. alpha-Crystallin selectively interacts with non-native proteins thereby preventing them from aggregation and helps maintain them in a folding competent state. It has been proposed and generally accepted that alpha-crystallin suppresses the aggregation of other proteins through the interaction between hydrophobic patches on its surface and exposed hydrophobic sites of partially unfolded substrate protein. However, a quantifiable relationship between hydrophobicity and chaperone-like activity remains a matter to be concerned about. On an attentive review of studies on alpha-crystallin chaperone-like activity, particularly the studies that have direct or indirect implications to hydrophobicity and chaperone-like activity, we found several instances wherein the correlation between hydrophobicity and its chaperone-like activity is paradoxical. We thus attempted to provide an overview on the role of hydrophobicity in chaperone-like activity of alpha-crystallin, the kind of evaluation done for the first time.
Optimized stratified sampling for approximate query processing (2007)

The ability to approximately answer aggregation queries accurately and efficiently is of great benefit for decision support and data mining tools. In contrast to previous sampling-based studies, we treat the problem as an optimization problem where, given a workload of queries, we select a stratified random sample of the original data such that the error in answering the workload queries using the sample is minimized. A key novelty of our approach is that we can tailor the choice of samples to be robust, even for workloads that are “similar” but not necessarily identical to the given workload. Finally, our techniques recognize the importance of taking into account the variance in the data distribution in a principled manner. We show how our solution can be implemented on a database system, and present results of extensive experiments on Microsoft SQL Server that demonstrate the superior quality of our method compared to previous work.
Service Selection in Networks Based on Proximity Confirmation Using Infrared (2002)

There are protocols that can be used by mobile clients to discover service providers in foreign networks to which they get attached, e.g. SDP of Bluetooth and SLP of IETF. These protocols do address service discovery, but do not address the selection of a service provider among a set of candidates according to physical proximity of the client and service provider. The goal of the research described in this paper is to integrate proximity-based selection mechanisms to service discovery protocols. We present in this paper protocols that allow nomadic clients to discover and select service providers according to physical proximity.
EFFECTS OF EARLY STRESS ON ADULT AFFILIATIVE BEHAVIOR (1998)

The recently evolved mammalian species preservative behavior as opposed to the ancient self preservative behavior involves parental care, nursing, social interaction, pair bonding and mutual defense. Gonadal steroids together with oxytocin are critical for this affiliative, attachment behavior. When there is stressful loss of control, gonadotrophins are diminished, and the self preservative, fight-flight catecholamine coping response takes priority. It is suggested that self preservation is associated with left hemispheric brain function and that species preservation is associated with right hemispheric function. Stress during infancy that is severe enough to create insecure attachment has a dissociative effect, disrupting right hemispheric emotional functioning and species preservative behavior, and a permanent bias towards self preservation can become an adult trait. In such a person with impaired affiliation, corticoid responses may be deficient. The coronary type A behavior pattern common in our society exhibits some of this deficiency in species preservative activity.
Identification of a regulatory region that mediates glucose-dependent induction of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase gene ENO2. (1986)

There are two yeast enolase genes, designated ENO1 and ENO2, which are expressed differentially in vegetative cells grown on glucose and in cells grown on gluconeogenic carbon sources. ENO2 is induced more than 20-fold in cells grown on glucose, whereas ENO1 expression is similar in cells grown on glucose and in cells grown on gluconeogenic carbon sources. Sequences within the 5' flanking region of ENO2 which are required for glucose-dependent induction were identified by deletion mapping analysis. These studies were carried out by using a fused gene containing the ENO2 5' flanking sequences and the ENO1 coding sequences. This fused gene undergoes glucose-dependent induction and is expressed at the same level as the resident ENO2 gene in cells grown on glucose or gluconeogenic carbon sources. Expression of fused genes containing deletion mutations within the ENO2 5' flanking region was monitored after integration at the ENO1 locus of a strain carrying a deletion of the resident ENO1 coding sequences. This analysis showed that there are two upstream activation sites located immediately upstream and downstream from a position 461 base pairs upstream from the transcriptional initiation site. Either one of these upstream activation sites is sufficient for glucose-dependent induction and normal gene expression in the presence of gluconeogenic carbon sources. Deletion of both regulatory regions results in a complete loss of gene expression. The regulatory regions function normally in both orientations relative to the coding sequences. Mutant fused genes containing small deletions within the regulatory regions were constructed; these genes were expressed normally in gluconeogenic carbon sources but were not induced in the presence of glucose. Based on this analysis, ENO2 contains a cis-acting regulatory region which is required for gene expression and mediates glucose-dependent induction of gene expression.
EDFA-Only WDM 4200-km Transmission of OFDM-16QAM and 32QAM (2012)

We experimentally demonstrated long-distance transmission of 68.3 Gb/s wavelength-division multiplexing polarization division multiplexing (PDM)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-16QAM and 85.5 Gb/s PDM-OFDM-32QAM signals. The PDM-OFDM-16QAM signals have been successfully transmitted over 4242 km with a net spectral efficiency of 5.46 b/s/Hz. Furthermore, utilizing multiband digital back-propagation for nonlinearity compensation, the PDM-OFDM-32QAM signals at 6.84 b/s/Hz net SE have been successfully transmitted over the same distance. After transmission, both 16QAM and 32QAM signals surpassed the 20% soft-decision forward error correction threshold. To the best of our knowledge, these results correspond to the longest transmission distance for the PDM-OFDM-16QAM and PDM-OFDM-32QAM signals with SE higher than 5 and 6.5 b/s/Hz, respectively, by employing only erbium doped fiber amplifier amplification.
Vesicular interactions of the Chlamydia trachomatis inclusion are determined by chlamydial early protein synthesis rather than route of entry (1996)

Chlamydiae replicate intracellularly within a vacuole that has recently been characterized as intersecting an exocytic pathway. One of the initial events during chlamydial infection is the expression of a chlamydial early gene product(s) that effectively isolates the inclusion from the endocytic-lysosomal pathway and makes it fusogenic with sphingomyelin-containing exocytic vesicles. Associated with this change in vesicular interaction is the delivery of the vacuole to the peri-Golgi region of the host cell. Inhibition of chlamydial early transcription or translation causes Chlamydia trachomatis-containing vesicles to remain dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, where they eventually fuse with lysosomes. Chlamydiae that have been internalized by Fc-mediated endocytosis also avoid lysosomal digestion by a mechanism that requires chlamydial protein synthesis. These results suggest that the vesicular interactions of the chlamydial inclusion are defined by parasite-directed modification of the endocytic vesicle rather than by the route of internalization.
Structure of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase:  A Journey of 96 Å from Substrate to Product, (1997)

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes the production of carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate, glutamine, and two molecules of MgATP. As isolated from Escherichia coli, the enzyme has a total molecular weight of approximately 160K and consists of two polypeptide chains referred to as the large and small subunits. Here we describe the X-ray crystal structure of this enzyme determined to 2.8 A resolution in the presence of ADP, Mn2+, phosphate, and ornithine. The small subunit is distinctly bilobal with the active site residues located in the interface formed by the NH2- and COOH-terminal domains. Interestingly, the structure of the COOH-terminal half is similar to that observed in the trpG-type amidotransferase family. The large subunit can be envisioned as two halves referred to as the carboxyphosphate and carbamoyl phosphate synthetic components. Each component contains four distinct domains. Strikingly, the two halves of the large subunit are related by a nearly exact 2-fold rotational axis, thus suggesting that this polypeptide chain evolved from a homodimeric precursor. The molecular motifs of the first three domains observed in each synthetic component are similar to those observed in biotin carboxylase. A linear distance of approximately 80 A separates the binding sites for the hydrolysis of glutamine in the small subunit and the ATP-dependent phosphorylations of bicarbonate and carbamate in the large subunit. The reactive and unstable enzyme intermediates must therefore be sequentially channeled from one active site to the next through the interior of the protein.
Technology evaluation: DCVax, Northwest Biotherapeutics. (2002)

DCVax, a dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, is an active immunization platform being developed by Northwest Biotherapeutics for the potential treatment of multiple malignancies, including hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, renal cancer and glioblastoma multiforme. The DCVax platform is tailored to a specific cancer type with either purified tumor-specific antigen or tumor cell extracts derived from patients at the time of resection. Phase I/II clinical trials of DCVax-Prostate have been completed, and phase III clinical trials have recently been initiated. DCVax-Brain is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials, and DCVax-Lung recently received approval from the US FDA for phase I clinical trials.