gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) as a Vehicle for Therapeutic Gene Delivery Improvements in Vector Design and Viral Production Enhance Potential to Prolong Graft Survival in Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplantation for the Reversal of Type 1 Diabetes. (2001)

Most viral gene delivery syslems utilized to date have demonstrated significant limitations in practicality and safety due to the level and duration of recombinant transgene expression as well as their induction of host immunogenicity to vector proteins. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors appear to offer a vehicle for safe, long-term therapeutic gene transfer; factors afforded through the propensity of rAAV to establish long-term latency without deleterious effects on the host cell and the relative non-immunogenicity of the virus or viral expressed transgenes. The principal historical limitation of this vector system, efficiency of rAAV-mediated transduction, has recently observed a dramatic increase as the titer, purity, and production capacity of rAAV preparations have improved. In terms of systems that could benefit from such improvements, rAAV gene therapy to enhance solid organ transplantation would appear an obvious choice with islet transplantation forming a promising candidate due to the ability to perform viral transductions ex vivo. Currently, islet transplantation can be used to treat type 1 diabetes yet persisting alloimmune and autoimmune responses represent major obstacles to the clinical success for this procedure. The delivery of transgenes capable of interfering with antigenic recognition and/or cell death [e.g., Fas ligand (FasL), Bcl-2, Bcl-XL] as well as imparting tolerance/immunoregulation [e.g., interleukin(IL)-4, IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta], or cytoprotection [e.g., heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)] may prevent recurrent type 1 diabetes in islet transplantation and offer a promising form of immunotherapy. Research investigations utilizing such systems may also provide information vital to understanding the immunoregulatory mechanisms critical to the development of both alloimmune and autoimmune islet cell rejection mechanisms and recurrent type 1 diabetes.
A novel convex corner compensation for wet anisotropic etching on (100) silicon wafer (2004)

In general, the convex corner structure and the non {111} crystal planes will be undercut during the wet anisotropic etching. This characteristic has been extensively exploited to fabricate free suspended thin film structures. On the other hand, these effects have to be reduced or prevented in various applications. This study has successfully demonstrated a technique to prevent the convex corner and non {111} crystal planes from undercut. Thus, the process to employ the characteristic of DRIE to assist the wet anisotropic etching becomes available. In applications, the experimental results show that the mesas and cavities with arbitrary shapes can be fabricated using wet anisotropic etching. Moreover, these mesas and cavities can further integrate with suspended thin film structures and the structure formed by the inclined {111} crystal planes. Hence, the variety of bulk micromachined MEMS devices will significantly increased.
The role of complement in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (2006)

The alternative pathway of complement mediates immune defense and regulates tissue integrity. The recent characterization of the role of this complement activation pathway in distinct diseases, such as MPGN, atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome, age-related macular degeneration of the eye and in microbial immune evasion, highlight the importance of this branch of complement for the integrity of the human body. Proper regulation maintains tissue integrity, and improper regulation results in local defects which eventuate in severe diseases. The detailed understanding of the individual reactions and of the local role of the individual regulators defines how this part of complement maintains tissue integrity and how defects result in diseases. This understanding is essential to define proper tools and approaches for diagnosis and all kind of treatments which modulate the action of the complement system systemically and locally.
Manifestations and consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea (1995)

Over the last two decades the diagnostic tools used in sleep medicine have developed enormously, making it possible to study the interaction of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) with cardiovascular function and the autonomic nervous system, as well as the effects of SRBD on a variety of physiological processes during wakefulness. Different modes of nasal ventilation are now available, allowing all forms of SRBD to be treated. If early diagnosis and treatment are provided, the acute and long-term sequelae of SRBD can be prevented. In addition to the care and treatment of patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), future patient management will need to focus on patients with milder forms of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). In particular, the consequences of SRBD on cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypertension and hypersomnolence are discussed, considering epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Some economical issues arising from SRBD are also discussed, and the authors conclude that a Europewide programme for early detection, treatment and prevention of SRBD is required. This could make a large contribution to the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and also reduce the incidence of "human error catastrophes" due to hypersomnolence.
Monoclonal antibodies specific to transforming polyproteins encoded by independent isolates of feline sarcoma virus (1982)

Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies directed against polyprotein gene products of the Gardner, Snyder-Theilen, and McDonough strain of feline sarcoma virus have been isolated. Antibody produced by one hybridoma recognizes immunological determinants localized within a feline leukemia virus gag gene structural component (p15) common to polyproteins encoded by each feline sarcoma virus isolate while antibody produced by a second is specific for p30 determinants unique to P170gag-fms. Additional hybridomas secrete antibody directed against v-fes specific determinants common to the Gardner and Snyder-Theilen feline sarcoma virus-encoded polyproteins and to v-fms determinants unique to P170gas-fms polyprotein. GA P110gas-fes and ST P85gas-fes immunoprecipitated by antibody directed against p15 exhibit readily detectable levels of protein kinase activity but lack such activity when precipitated by antibody specific for their acquired sequence (v-fes) components. P170gas-fms immunoprecipitated by monoclonal antibody to either p15 or p30 lacks detectable levels of autophosphorylation but represents a substrate for the GA P110gag-fes and ST P85gag-fes enzymatic activities. These findings argue that the v-fes-associated protein kinase represents an intrinsic property of the v-fes gene product and recognizes tyrosine acceptor sites within polyprotein gene products of all three strains of feline sarcoma virus.
Investigation of the bonding strength and interface current of p-Si/n-GaAs wafers bonded by surface activated bonding at room temperature (2001)

Equivalent bulk strength of the interface between p-Si/n-GaAs bonded through the surface activated bonding (SAB) method is found. The interface current was extensively investigated. Nonideal behavior of the pn junction current is found to be due to the tunneling current between the conduction band and valence band across the transition region associated with band gap states. Interface current decreases with increasing sputtering time and energy and vice versa. Irradiation time and energy dependent behavior indicates that the accumulation of radiation induced defects associated with the doping controls the interface current of p-Si/n-GaAs. Moreover, strong impact of the exposure to an ultrahigh vacuum atmosphere of the activated surfaces on the interface current of p-Si/p-Si is found. Finally it can be suggested that a laser diode can be fabricated by the bonding between p-Si and n-GaAs through the SAB method, because of the achievement of equivalent bulk strength of the interface.
Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate (2004)

Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which plays a functional role in plant physiology, is a source of chronic human disease, forming the major inorganic component of kidney stones. Understanding molecular mechanisms of biological control over COM crystallization is central to development of effective stone disease therapies and can help define general strategies for synthesizing biologically inspired materials. To date, research on COM modification by proteins and small molecules has not resolved the molecular-scale control mechanisms. Moreover, because proteins directing COM inhibition have been identified and sequenced, they provide a basis for general physiochemical investigations of biomineralization. Here, we report molecular-scale views of COM modulation by two urinary constituents, the protein osteopontin and citrate, a common therapeutic agent. Combining force microscopy with molecular modeling, we show that each controls growth habit and kinetics by pinning step motion on different faces through specific interactions in which both size and structure determine the effectiveness. Moreover, the results suggest potential for additive effects of simultaneous action by both modifiers to inhibit the overall growth of the crystal and demonstrate the utility of combining molecular imaging and modeling tools for understanding events underlying aberrant crystallization in disease.
Laminar flow attenuates interferon-induced inflammatory responses in endothelial cells (2007)

LF attenuates IFNgamma-induced responses via the suppression of STAT1 activation. Inhibition by LF of the interferon-induced ECs' response may explain some aspects of LF's atheroprotective effects on the endothelium.
Phenotypic and Genomic Variation among Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains Infecting Joint Prostheses (1999)

We studied the SmaI and SstII macrorestriction patterns of 54 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from 14 patients infected following the implantation of joint prostheses. Multiple strains from pus and infected tissue specimens of each patient were selected on the basis of different colony morphologies and drug resistance patterns. The same criteria were used to select 23 S. epidermidis strains from hand swabs of eight healthy individuals. For 10 of the 14 patients, all the intrapatient strains appeared to be closely or possibly related, whereas related strains were detected in the skin flora of only one of the eight healthy individuals. This observation suggests that, in most cases, the patients were infected by a single S. epidermidis clone which subsequently underwent rearrangements that yielded derivatives with divergent phenotypes and, occasionally, divergent macrorestriction patterns. The four patients whose specimens contained unrelated S. epidermidis strains were probably infected with several polyclonal strains.
Synthesis and antigenic activity of E. coli ST and its analogues. (1986)

Several enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) are common causes of diarrhea in man and animals. These strains of E. coli produce two types of enterotoxins: heat-stable (ST) and heat-labile (LT). These toxins are peptides of molecular weight 2000 and 90,000 daltons, respectively. It is proposed that the synthetic analogues of these toxins could be effectively used as the vaccines against enterotoxigenic activity of E. coli. In this paper we report the isolation and chemical characterization of a heat-stable toxin STa. We also report the synthesis of this toxin and its analogues and their biochemical and immunological characterization.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Transformation of 3‐Halo‐4‐methoxycoumarins into Pyrazoles with Hydrazines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Safety, effectiveness, and quality of life following pulmonary vein isolation with a multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: 1-year outcomes from SHINE (2020)

NCT03437733.
Activation of heparin cofactor II by dermatan sulfate. (1983)

We have tested the ability of various glycosaminoglycans to increase the rate of inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II (HCII) and by antithrombin III (ATIII) isolated from human plasma. Heparin, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulfate from bovine liver (in order of decreasing activity) activated HCII. In contrast, only heparin and bovine liver heparan sulfate activated ATIII, whereas dermatan sulfate was inactive at concentrations less than or equal to 1 mg/ml. Heparan sulfate from human aorta, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid had little or no activity with either HCII or ATIII. The second order rate constant for the thrombin-HCII reaction reached a maximum value of 6.4 X 10(8) M-1 min-1 in the presence of 250-500 micrograms/ml of dermatan sulfate compared to 3.8 X 10(8) M-1 min-1 in the presence of 40-80 micrograms/ml of heparin. When 125I-thrombin was incubated with plasma in the presence of greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml of dermatan sulfate, the protease became complexed exclusively with HCII, suggesting that HCII is the only thrombin inhibitor in human plasma that can be activated by dermatan sulfate.
The Calcimimetic Cinacalcet Normalizes Serum Calcium in Subjects with Primary Hyperparathyroidism (2003)

Calcimimetics increase the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) to circulating serum calcium, reducing the secretion of PTH and the serum calcium concentration. We evaluated the calcimimetic cinacalcet, a novel therapy for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism. In this randomized, double-blind, dose-finding study, patients (n = 22) with primary hyperparathyroidism were given cinacalcet (30, 40, or 50 mg) or placebo twice daily for 15 d and observed for an additional 7 d. Serum calcium, plasma PTH, and 24-h and fasting urine calcium were measured. Baseline mean serum calcium was 10.6 mg/dl for the combined cinacalcet-treated patients (normal range, 8.4-10.3 mg/dl), compared with 10.4 mg/dl for the placebo group. Mean PTH at baseline was 102 pg/ml (normal range, 10-65 pg/ml) for the combined cinacalcet-treated patients, compared with 100 pg/ml in the placebo group. Serum calcium normalized after the second dose on d 1 and remained normal through d 15 in all cinacalcet dose groups. Maximum decreases in PTH of over 50% occurred 2-4 h after dosing in all cinacalcet-treated groups. The fasting and 24-h urine calcium to creatinine ratios were similar in the cinacalcet and placebo groups. This study demonstrates that cinacalcet safely normalized serum calcium and lowered PTH concentrations without increasing urinary calcium excretion in the study subjects, indicating the potential benefit of cinacalcet as a medical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism.
Wilson's Disease Treatment by Triethylene Tetramine Dihydrochloride (Trientine, 2HCI): Long-Term Observations (1992)

Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by an accumulation of a toxic amount of copper in the body. Triethylene tetramine dihydrochloride (trientine, 2HCl) is a new chelating agent that may be effective in the removal of excess copper but long-term efficacy has not yet been investigated. Here we report the use of trientine over more than 8 years in 2 patients with Wilson's disease who could not tolerate D-penicillamine. We found no significant side effect, except a decreased serum iron concentration without clinical symptoms of anemia. In annual examinations at a steady state, the serum copper levels remained below 20 micrograms/100 ml. The 24-hour urinary copper excretion was less than that found using D-penicillamine, while the basal copper excretion, after 5 days abstinence from trientine, was maintained below 100 micrograms/day. Both hepatic and neurological manifestations except bulbar symptoms were recovered without any initial deterioration.
Overview of Westinghouse`s Advanced Turbine Systems Program (1995)

The proposed approach is to build on Westinghouse`s successful 501 series of gas turbines. The 501F offered a combined cycle efficiency of 54%; 501G increased this efficiency to 58%; the proposed single-shaft 400 MW class ATS combined cycle will have a plant cycle efficiency greater than 60%. Westinghous`s strategy is to build upon the next evolution of advances in combustion, aerodynamics, cooling, leakage control, materials, and mechanical design. Westinhouse will base its future gas turbine product line, both 50 and 60 Hz, on ATS technology; the 501G shows early influences of ATS.
Evaluating exemplary training accelerators for Programming-by-Demonstration (2010)

Robot Programming by Demonstration requires comprehending the usage of a robotic system. This article is about accelerating the training of these skills, using the example of a DLR/KUKA light-weight robot. An augmented reality and a virtual reality setup are presented that aim to demonstrate and evaluate skills transfer of two different sub-tasks of this system: Avoiding robot singularities and setting correct compliance parameters. For this purpose training accelerators are introduced for visualising robot singularities, exploring robot singularities and feeling compliance parameters. An evaluation procedure for all three accelerators is suggested and has been performed on the first two. As interesting evaluation result a contrast to the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning hypothesis could be observed: Additional visual information on the robot singularities impairs the participants' performance.
Halogen-Magnesium Exchange via Trialkylmagnesates for the Preparation of Aryl- and Alkenylmagnesium Reagents (2000)

Significantly better than simple Grignard reagents are the trialkylmagnesium-ate complexes in the halogen–metal exchange reaction of aryl or alkenyl halides to the corresponding magnesates (see reaction scheme). The subsequent reaction of these ate complexes with electrophiles proceeds in good to excellent yields, and a number of functional groups (FG) can be tolerated.
The Use of Physiological Traits for Corn Improvement (1988)

Most of the improvement in the corn hybrids used has been achieved by the use of conventional plant breeding methods. While changes in physiological traits such as photosynthesis, partitioning of assimilates, etc. can be associated with increased yields of the used cultivars, these changes have been achieved indirectly by conventional breeding methods rather than by direct selection for the trait. This chapter describes the requirements of a physiological selection trait and discusses problems with physiological traits. For corn, genetic variability and heritability have been reported for numerous traits such as: metabolite composition; mineral constituents; morphology; enzyme activity; and photosynthetic rates. The more extensive and successful use of physiological traits in corn-breeding programs will occur when selection for physiological traits can be integrated with selection for grain yield, pest resistance, and other important agronomic traits.
Cloning and expression of the leukotoxin gene of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 in Escherichia coli K-12 (1985)

A clone bank of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 was constructed by partial digestion of the genomic DNA with Sau3A and ligation of 5- to 10-kilobase-pair fragments into the BamHI site of the plasmid vector pBR322. After transformation into Escherichia coli K-12, a total of 4 X 10(3) recombinant clones was obtained. These were screened for the production of P. haemolytica soluble antigens by a colony enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay blot method with a rabbit antiserum raised against the soluble antigens. The clones producing P. haemolytica soluble antigens were then analyzed for the production of the leukotoxin by a cytotoxicity assay with cells from a bovine leukemia-derived B-lymphocyte cell line as the target cells. Positive clones were identified, and subsequent restriction analysis of the recombinant plasmids showed that the same 6.3 kilobase pairs of insert DNA was cloned in either of the two orientations into the plasmid vector pBR322. One of the clones was selected for further characterization of the leukotoxin as produced in E. coli. Tests for heat lability and target cell species specificity with canine, porcine, and human peripheral blood lymphocytes indicated that the activity of the cloned leukotoxin was identical to that of the P. haemolytica leukotoxin. Furthermore, the E. coli-produced leukotoxin was also neutralized by bovine or rabbit antiserum known to have antitoxic activity. When cellular proteins from the E. coli clones were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis, a 100,000-dalton protein was identified which corresponded to one of the soluble antigens found in the leukotoxic culture supernatant of P. haemolytica. These results demonstrated that the gene(s) for the P. haemolytica leukotoxin have been cloned and that the leukotoxin was expressed in E. coli.
STUDIES ON MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF CEPHALOSPORIN C DERIVATIVES. I (1968)

m-Bromophenylacetamidocephalosporanic acid(m-Br-PACA) was highly degraded by a strain(No. ll)of E. coli, but less degraded by a strain (No. 33)
Tissue Oxygenation, Anemia, and Perfusion in Relation to Wound Healing in Surgical Patients (1991)

Oxygen tension and collagen deposition were measured in standardized, subcutaneous wounds in 33 postoperative surgical patients. Pertinent clinical and wound parameters were analyzed by Pearson's correlation test and sequential linear regression analysis. Collagen deposition was directly and significantly proportional to wound oxygen tension and measures of perfusion. There were no significant correlations with hematocrit, estimated blood loss, length of operation, smoking, age, weight, sex, or urine output. This study in humans confirms animal experiments showing that collagen deposition and tensile strength in wounds are limited by perfusion and tissue oxygen tension. It appears unnecessary to maintain hemoglobin at normal levels to support repair, provided that peripheral perfusion can be maintained at a high level in compensation for anemia. These circumstances reflect the fact that although oxygen is essential to many aspects of healing, and must be delivered at adequate partial pressures, reparative tissue consumes relatively little of it.
La Gestión de la Información en educación y la visibilidad de la producción científica (2010)

La formacion de los profesionales de nivel superior y su calidad constituye un reto permanente para las instituciones de educacion superior. En el mismo confluyen aspectos de pertinencia social, cientificidad, multidisciplinariedad, integralidad, combinacion de aspectos teoricos y formacion de habilidades practicas, de los propios del perfil de las carreras y lo humanistico, de lo laboral y lo investigativo, entre otros muchos. Tanto a lo largo del proceso de su formacion y como egresados en ejercicio, los profesionales de la educacion superior representan un importante factor del desarrollo de la ciencia y los avances de los conocimientos. Pero junto a ello, se hace necesario que los nuevos conocimientos alcanzados se fundamenten en lo mas avanzado de la produccion cientifica internacional, a la vez que posean visibilidad en los espacios de intercambio de la ciencia a nivel mundial. En el caso especifico de Cuba ello supone, ademas de la preparacion y la cultura necesaria para esto, vencer barreras tecnologicas e ideologicas para acceder y reconocerse en las comunidades e instituciones cientificas de mas nivel de difusion y prestigio en los diferentes campos del saber.