gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maturation, Activation, and Protection of Dendritic Cells Induced by Double-stranded RNA (1999)

The initiation of an immune response is critically dependent on the activation of dendritic cells (DCs). This process is triggered by surface receptors specific for inflammatory cytokines or for conserved patterns characteristic of infectious agents. Here we show that human DCs are activated by influenza virus infection and by double-stranded (ds)RNA. This activation results not only in increased antigen presentation and T cell stimulatory capacity, but also in resistance to the cytopathic effect of the virus, mediated by the production of type I interferon, and upregulation of MxA. Because dsRNA stimulates both maturation and resistance, DCs can serve as altruistic antigen-presenting cells capable of sustaining viral antigen production while acquiring the capacity to trigger naive T cells and drive polarized T helper cell type 1 responses.
Monitoring ice thickness and elastic properties from the measurement of leaky guided waves: A laboratory experiment (2017)

The decline of Arctic sea ice extent is one of the most spectacular signatures of global warming, and studies converge to show that this decline has been accelerating over the last four decades, with a rate that is not reproduced by climate models. To improve these models, relying on comprehensive and accurate field data is essential. While sea ice extent and concentration are accurately monitored from microwave imagery, an accurate measure of its thickness is still lacking. Moreover, measuring observables related to the mechanical behavior of the ice (such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.) could provide better insights in the understanding of sea ice decline, by completing current knowledge so far acquired mostly from radar and sonar data. This paper aims at demonstrating on the laboratory scale that these can all be estimated simultaneously by measuring seismic waves guided in the ice layer. The experiment consisted of leaving a water tank in a cold room in order to grow an ice layer at its surface. While its thickness was increasing, ultrasonic guided waves were generated with a piezoelectric source, and measurements were subsequently inverted to infer the thickness and mechanical properties of the ice with very good accuracy.
Local Control of Reactive Power by Distributed Photovoltaic Generators (2010)

High penetration levels of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation on an electrical distribution circuit may degrade power quality due to voltage sags and swells caused by rapidly varying PV generation during cloud transients coupled with the slow response of existing utility compensation and regulation equipment. Fast-reacting, VAR-capable PV inverters may provide the necessary reactive power injection or consumption to maintain voltage regulation under difficult transient conditions. As side benefit, the control of reactive power injection at each PV inverter provides a new tool for distribution utilities to minimize the thermal losses in circuit. We suggest a local control scheme that dispatches reactive power from each PV inverter based on local instantaneous measurements of the real and reactive components of the consumed power and the real power generated by the PVs. Using one adjustable parameter per circuit, we balance the requirements on power quality and desire to minimize thermal losses. The performance of the proposed control scheme is evaluated via numerical simulations of realistic rural lines in several generation/consumption scenarios. Simultaneous improvement of both the power quality and the magnitude of losses is observed for all the scenarios, even when the renewable generation in excess of the circuit own load.
Tumor growth and metastasis of human colorectal cancer cell lines in SCID mice resemble clinical metastatic behaviors. (1997)

Ten human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines were implanted orthotopically into the ceca and also into the livers, muscles and peritoneal cavities of SCID mice in order to analyze the characteristics regulating metastatic behaviors of CRCs. All the CRC cell lines formed tumors in the muscle and cecum, but they could be classified into two groups: (1) six cell lines with high tumorigenicity in the liver (HTLs) forming differentiated tumors, and (2) four with no tumorigenicity in the liver (NTLs) forming poorly differentiated tumors in SCID mice. After orthotopic implantation, NTLs never metastasized to the liver, whereas HTLs did. Therefore, intrahepatic tumorigenicity and differential status were closely associated with liver metastasis whereas differentiation was not associated with lung metastasis. The 6 HTLs demonstrated an inverse correlation between liver metastases and peritoneal dissemination, and immunohistochemistry indicated expression of sLeX, CA19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen in tumors which correlated well with the liver metastatic rate. We found a strong correlation between liver metastasis and intrahepatic tumorigenicity and could reproduce the clinical correlations between the pattern of the metastatic spread and the differentiation phenotype of CRC in vivo. We consider further examination using this model will be useful for analyzing the complex mechanisms involved in clinically metastasizing CRCs.
Relevance of cognition to health-related quality of life in good-outcome survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (2015)

The cognitive impairments frequently reported in OHCA survivors with good outcomes may compromise health-related quality of life. Cognitive functioning should be addressed even in survivors with rapid recovery.
mRNA phenotyping by enzymatic amplification of randomly primed cDNA (1988)

Journal Article mRNA phenotyping by enzymatic amplification of randomly primed cDNA Get access Kevin E. Noonan, Kevin E. Noonan Department of Genetics, University of Illinois College of MedicineChicago, IL 60612, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Igor B. Roninson Igor B. Roninson Department of Genetics, University of Illinois College of MedicineChicago, IL 60612, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 21, 11 November 1988, Page 10366, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.21.10366 Published: 11 November 1988 Article history Received: 30 September 1988 Published: 11 November 1988
Antagonism of slow reacting substance in anaphylaxis (SRS-A) and other spasmogens on the guinea pig tracheal chain by hydratropic acids and their effects on anaphylaxis (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntagonism of slow reacting substance in anaphylaxis (SRS-A) and other spasmogens on the guinea pig tracheal chain by hydratropic acids and their effects on anaphylaxisMargaret E. Greig and Robert L. GriffinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1975, 18, 1, 112–116Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00235a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00235a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Emergency - but no Accident (1998)

Public concern over long waiting times for admissions motivated this study, whose aim was to explore the factors which contribute to such delays. In collaboration with a major London teaching hospital, a system dynamics model of the interaction of demand pattern, A&E resource deployment, other hospital processes and bed numbers was developed. The analysis indicates that while reductions in bed numbers increase waiting times for emergency admissions to a small extent, their principal effect is to increase sharply the number of cancellations of admissions for elective surgery. This suggests that basing A&E policy solely on any single criterion will succeed in transferring the effects of a resource deficit to a different patient group.
Surface Properties of Dental 3Y-TZP with Different Treatments (2014)

The purpose of this study was to study the surface characteristics of the dental 3Y-TZP (3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia) ceramic treated by machining process and analysis what impact on the mechanical properties of the 3Y-TZP dental restorations. Dense core ceramic discs were made of 3Y-TZP. The samples were partially sintered to get part strength after uniaxial pressure moulding. The partially sintering green body could be treated by grinding, incising and milling and incising to simulate the CAD-CAM (computer aided design/computer aidedmanufacturing) process in dentistry. The partially sintering samples were then sintered to achieve full density. The dense sintered ceramics were also treated by grinding and incising to simulate the dental restorations adjusting process in dental clinic. The both surface of thespecimens were studied with an optical microscope and field emission SEM. Bulges were observed on the surface of the sample after uniaxial pressure moulding process. The defects due to partially sintered green body milling process were different from incising process in size and shape. Groves are observed on the surfaces of the samples after grinding process. The conclusions were that (i) machining of the final sintered dental 3Y-TZP ceramic brought more critical damage than the machining of partly-sintered green-bodies; (ii) the milling process ofthe partially sintered green-body brought less damage to the 3Y-TZP samples than the incising process.
X-band RF MEMS phase shifters for phased array applications (1999)

In this work, development of a low-loss radio frequency (RF) microelectromechanical (MEMS) 4-bit X-band monolithic phase shifter is presented. These microstrip circuits are fabricated on 0.021-in-thick high-resistivity silicon and are based on a reflection topology using 3-dB Lange couplers. The average insertion loss of the circuit is 1.4 dB with the return loss >11 dB at 8 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is a lowest reported loss for X-band phase shifter and promises to greatly reduce the cost of designing and building phase arrays.
Chemical Synthesis of Triple‐Labelled Three‐Helix Bundle Binding Proteins for Specific Fluorescent Detection of Unlabelled Protein (2005)

Abstract Site‐specifically triple‐labelled three‐helix bundle affinity proteins (affibody molecules) have been produced by total chemical synthesis. The 58 aa affinity proteins were assembled on an automated peptide synthesizer, followed by manual on‐resin incorporation of three different reporter groups. An orthogonal protection strategy was developed for the site‐specific introduction of 5‐(2‐aminethylamino)‐1‐naphthalenesulfonic acid (EDANS) and 6‐(7‐nitrobenzofurazan‐4‐ylamino)‐hexanoic acid (NBDX), constituting a donor/acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and a biotin moiety, used for surface immobilization. Circular dichroism and biosensor studies of the synthetic proteins and their recombinant counterparts revealed that the synthetic proteins were folded and retained their binding specificities. The biotin‐conjugated protein could be immobilized onto a streptavidin surface without loss of activity. The synthetic, doubly fluorescent‐labelled affinity proteins were shown to function as fluorescent biosensors in an assay for the specific detection of unlabelled human IgG and IgA.
Poly(anhydride) administration in high doses in vivo: Studies of biocompatibility and toxicology (1990)

Poly(anhydrides) proposed for use as vehicles for controlled drug delivery were administered subcutaneously in Sprague-Dawley rats at two dosage levels (800 mg/kg rat and 2400 mg/kg rat) for a period of eight weeks. Biocompatibility was assessed using a number of methods. Thirty-six clinical chemistry and hematology parameters were monitored throughout the study. Blood values were statistically analyzed for any possible effects due to the implanted polymer. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed and complete necropsies were performed. Histological evaluations of 33 organ sites including heart, lung, liver, kidney, and brain were performed. In addition, subcutaneous implant sites were excised and examined both grossly and microscopically. Results from evaluations of blood chemistry and hematology data, organ analyses and local implant site analyses overall demonstrated that the poly(anhydride) biomaterial possessed excellent in vivo biocompatibility.
The environmental influence on childhood asthma (1999)

The pathogenesis of allergy depends on the interaction between the time and amount of allergen exposure and the presence of nonspecific "adjuvant" factors in genetically susceptible individuals. There seems to be a period in early life during which the individual is particularly susceptible to sensitization, and there are variations in susceptibility over time. Allergens are almost ubiquitous, but the relative importance of the individual allergens varies between regions. In many temperate regions, house-dust mites used to be absent but are now more common. This may be due to modern methods of building houses. Differences in the prevalence of a particular allergy cannot explain variations in the prevalence of allergy in general. Various environmental factors that may enhance sensitization include tobacco smoke, NO2, SO2, ozone, and diesel particles. Passive smoking is by far the best established risk factor, particularly in early childhood. The indoor environment probably plays a larger role than outdoor air pollution in the development of allergic disease. The mother is not only a source of genetic information, but also an "environmental factor", as there is a close immunologic interaction between the mother and her offspring, mediated through the placenta and the breast milk, which may affect the likelihood of allergic disease. The concepts of "lifestyle" and "environment" should be expanded to include, for example, dietary changes, the microbial environment, and extensive traveling, as all the currently suspected risk factors taken together can only explain a small proportion of the geographic differences in and increasing prevalence of allergy. The future search for significant environmental factors should be interdisciplinary and be directed toward areas that have not yet been explored, thus giving "lifestyle" a broader interpretation.
HYDRA-HEADED WOES (1987)

HYDRA-HEADED WOES Get access Shelley's Venomed Melody. By NORA CROOK and DEREK GUITON. Cambridge University Press, 1986; £25. DEREK RUSSELL DAVIS DEREK RUSSELL DAVIS Department of Mental Health, University of Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Essays in Criticism, Volume XXXVII, Issue 3, July 1987, Pages 242–249, https://doi.org/10.1093/eic/XXXVII.3.242 Published: 01 July 1987
Detection of reliable and unexpected protein fold predictions using 3D-Jury (2003)

3D-Jury is a fully automated protein structure meta prediction system accessible via the Meta Server interface (http://BioInfo.PL/Meta). This is one of the meta predictors, which have made a dramatic, unprecedented impact on the last CASP-5 experiment. The 3D-Jury is comparable with other meta servers but it has the highest combined specificity and sensitivity. The presented method is also very simple and versatile and can be used to create meta predictions even from sets of models produced by humans. An additional and very important and novel feature of the system is the high correlation between the reported confidence score and the accuracy of the model. The number of correctly predicted residues can be estimated directly from the prediction score. The high reliability of the method enables any biologist to submit a target of interest to the Meta Server and screen with relatively high confidence, whether the target can be predicted by fold recognition methods while being unpredictable using standard approaches like PSI-Blast. This can point to interesting relationships which could have been missed in annotations of proteins or genomes and provide very valuable information for novel scientific discoveries.
Highly potent transcriptional activation by 16-ene derivatives of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Lack of modulation by 9-cis-retinoic acid of response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or its derivatives. (1994)

Although several studies have been performed on the biological activities of analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D3) at the whole animal and cellular levels, little work has been done to analyze their transcriptional activation properties. A highly inducible 1,25-(OH)2 D3-responsive promoter composed of three copies of the mouse osteopontin vitamin D3 response element (VDRE3) inserted upstream of a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter has been constructed, and its transcriptional properties have been analyzed by transient transfection into the monkey kidney cell line COS-7 and the rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma line ROS 17/2.8. We have studied systematically transcriptional activation by a number of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 analogs, particularly those substituted at positions 16, 23, 26, and 27, sites that are targets for metabolism. Strikingly, except for derivatives that bind the 1,25-(OH)2 D3 receptor (VDR) very weakly, we find no parallel between the potency of action of a derivative as a transcriptional inducer and its affinity for the VDR. Derivatives substituted by multiple bonds at positions 16 and/or 23, although having varying affinities for the VDR, all stimulate transcription more potently than D3, in some cases at 100-fold lower concentrations. The peak transcriptional activity observed varies by only approximately 20% among different active analogs, indicating little difference in the activity of the VDR once bound to ligand. Gel retardation assays with ROS 17/2.8 nuclear extracts suggest that the VDR binds to the mouse osteopontin VDRE predominantly as a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor(s) (RXR(s)). We find that 9-cis-retinoic acid, the cognate ligand for RXRs, does not have a significant effect on the response of the VDRE3 promoter to 1,25-(OH)2 D3 or a number of its derivatives in ROS 17/2.8 or in COS-7 cells, under conditions in which promoters containing retinoid X response elements are activated. This suggests that 9-cis-retinoic acid may not act on the response to 1,25-(OH)2 D3 or its derivatives by directly influencing the transcriptional activity of VDR/RXR heterodimers. This promoter/reporter system should be useful for analyzing the tissue-specific transcriptional activity of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 and its derivatives in any cell type amenable to transient transfection.
Arylamine spider toxins antagonize NMDA receptor‐mediated synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal slices (1991)

The effects of arylamine spider toxins on synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal slices were investigated. Two different responses were monitored: the AMPA receptor-mediated population spike recorded in control buffer (selectively antagonized by DNQX) and the NMDA receptor-mediated EPSP recorded in nominally magnesium-free buffer containing 20 microM DNQX (selectively antagonized by AP5, AP7, and dizocilpine (MK-801)). The synthetic arylamine spider toxins JSTX-3, argiotoxin-636, and argiotoxin-659 were 26 to 73 times more potent at antagonizing the NMDA receptor-mediated EPSP (IC50 values ranging from 12 to 24 microM) than the AMPA receptor-mediated population spike (IC50 values ranging from 612 to 878 microM). These results indicate that arylamine spider toxins are selective antagonists of NMDA receptors in the mammalian CNS.
Robust defenses for cross-site request forgery (2008)

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is a widely exploited web site vulnerability. In this paper, we present a new variation on CSRF attacks, login CSRF, in which the attacker forges a cross-site request to the login form, logging the victim into the honest web site as the attacker. The severity of a login CSRF vulnerability varies by site, but it can be as severe as a cross-site scripting vulnerability. We detail three major CSRF defense techniques and find shortcomings with each technique. Although the HTTP Referer header could provide an effective defense, our experimental observation of 283,945 advertisement impressions indicates that the header is widely blocked at the network layer due to privacy concerns. Our observations do suggest, however, that the header can be used today as a reliable CSRF defense over HTTPS, making it particularly well-suited for defending against login CSRF. For the long term, we propose that browsers implement the Origin header, which provides the security benefits of the Referer header while responding to privacy concerns.
Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice (2006)

Cytokines may be crucially involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), but it remains controversial whether interferon (IFN)-gamma, a typical proinflammatory cytokine, is an essential mediator to cause the disorders. In the present study, IFN-gamma(-/-) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were fed 2.5% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days, in order to investigate DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. The DSS-treated WT mice exhibited a robust production of IFN-gamma in the gut, a remarkable loss of body weight, as well as high rate of mortality (60%). In striking contrast, IFN-gamma deficient mice did not develop DSS-induced colitis, as indicated by the maintenance of body weight and survival rate of 100%. Severe intestinal inflammation was demonstrated exclusively in WT animals in terms of the shortening of the bowel as well as the elevation of the disease activity index, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and serum haptoglobin level. Histological study of DSS-treated WT intestine revealed disruption of mucosal epithelium and massive infiltration of inflammatory cells, while the organ from IFN-gamma(-/-) mice remained virtually normal in appearance. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses indicated abundant production of three chemokines, i.e. monokine induced by interferon-gamma (MIG), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in the DSS-irritated intestine of WT but not of IFN-gamma(-/-) mice. The present results demonstrate clearly that IFN-gamma plays indispensable roles in the initiation of DSS colitis, and some chemokines are produced in an IFN-gamma-dependent fashion.
Ganglionic Mechanisms Contribute to Diminished Vagal Control in Heart Failure (1999)

A component of attenuated parasympathetic control in HF is located within the peripheral efferent limb. This defect is located within the parasympathetic ganglion. Future work should be focused on determining mechanisms of attenuated ganglionic transmission so that means targeted at restoring vagal activity can be developed.