gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conclusion (2009)

This chapter summarizes the preceding chapters and presents some concluding thoughts. It begins by presenting two compelling narratives that illustrate clearly the dynamics of Filipino migrant kasamahan and bayanihan, and the ways in which they both integrate and influence religion and politics in the San Francisco Bay Area. Filipino migrants have been able to integrate into segments of the religious, social, and political experiences of their San Francisco communities as well as impact their Philippine families and hometowns in three ways: transnational influence, adaptive spirit, and intergenerational cohesion. The chapter concludes with the prediction that San Francisco will continue to witness more experiences of transnational influence, adaptive spirit, and intergenerational cohesion as the next generation of Filipino migrant faithful follow in the footsteps of their parents and grandparents.
Treatment of Hypertension from Renal Artery Entrapment by Percutaneous CT-Guided Botulinum Toxin Injection into Diaphragmatic Crus as Alternative to Surgery and Stenting (2007)

After the procedure, the patient's hypertension disappeared. We propose this technique, which directly targets inhibition of overactivity of the diaphragmatic crus, for treatment of hypertension caused by diaphragmatic compression of the renal artery as an alternative to surgery and renal artery stenting.
Pulsed Cavitational Ultrasound Softening (2017)

We have demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that PCU can decrease a calcified bioprosthesis stenosis by softening the leaflets remotely. This new non-invasive approach has the potential to improve the outcome of patients with severe bioprosthesis stenosis.
Pseudophase information from the complex analytic signal of speckle fields and its applications Part I: Microdisplacement observation based on phase-only correlation in the signal domain (2005)

As an alternative to the intensity correlation used in conventional speckle metrology, we propose a new technique for displacement observation that is based on spatial-signal-domain phase-only correlation and that makes use of the pseudophase of the complex analytic signal generated from a Hilbert-filtered speckle pattern. Experimental results are presented that demonstrate the validity and the advantage of the proposed signal-domain phase-only correlation technique over both the conventional intensity correlation technique and the spatial-frequency-domain phase-only correlation technique.
Molecular Directionality of Polysaccharide Polymerization by the Pasteurella multocida Hyaluronan Synthase (1999)

Hyaluronan (HA), a long linear polymer composed of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues, is an essential polysaccharide in vertebrates and a putative virulence factor in certain microbes. All known HA synthases utilize UDP-sugar precursors. Previous reports describing the HA synthase enzymes from Streptococcus bacteria and mammals, however, did not agree on the molecular directionality of polymer elongation. We show here that a HA synthase, PmHAS, from Gram-negative P. multocida bacteria polymerizes the HA chain by the addition of sugar units to the nonreducing terminus. Recombinant PmHAS will elongate exogenous HA oligosaccharide acceptors to form long polymers in vitro; thus far no other HA synthase has displayed this capability. The directionality of synthesis was established definitively by testing the ability of PmHAS to elongate defined oligosaccharide derivatives. Analysis of the initial stages of synthesis demonstrated that PmHAS added single monosaccharide units sequentially. Apparently the fidelity of the individual sugar transfer reactions is sufficient to generate the authentic repeating structure of HA. Therefore, simultaneous addition of disaccharide block units is not required as hypothesized in some recent models of polysaccharide biosynthesis. PmHAS appears distinct from other known HA synthases based on differences in sequence, topology in the membrane, and putative reaction mechanism.
[O2–17–03]: A PHASE I STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF RO7105705 IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND PATIENTS WITH MILD‐TO‐MODERATE AD (2017)

RO7105705 is a humanized anti-tau monoclonal antibody in development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. RO7105705 binds specifically to tau and is intended to intercept tau in the extracellular space of the brain, blocking cell-to-cell spread of tau pathology. No adverse effects related to administration of RO7105705 were observed in non-clinical safety studies, enabling this first-in-human study. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is conducted in healthy volunteers aged 18–80 years old, as well as in patients with a diagnosis of probable AD (by NIA-AA criteria) aged 50–80 years old, with a MMSE score of 16–28, a CDR global score of 0.5, 1, or 2, and a [18F]-florbetapir PET scan positive by visual read for cerebral amyloid. The study is designed with a single-dose escalation phase in healthy volunteers, followed by a multiple-dose phase in healthy volunteers and in patients with AD. RO7105705 is administered intravenously or subcutaneously. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety of single and multiple doses of RO7105705 compared with placebo. Details of the safety and tolerability of RO7105705 will be presented, with an emphasis on the multiple-dose phase of the study. The safety and tolerability of RO7105705 is being evaluated in healthy volunteers and in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Preliminary observations will be presented.
Synthesis and properties of polyoxometalates based inorganic-organic polymers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and properties of polyoxometalates based inorganic-organic polymersP. JudeinsteinCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 1, 4–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00019a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00019a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1137Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Single amino acid substitutions dissociate fibrinogen-clotting and thrombomodulin-binding activities of human thrombin. (1991)

Thrombin is a serine protease that acts as a procoagulant by clotting fibrinogen and activating platelets and as an anticoagulant by activating protein C in a thrombomodulin-dependent reaction. Fibrinogen and thrombomodulin bind competitively to an anion-binding exosite on thrombin. We prepared recombinant normal human thrombin and mutant thrombins with single amino acid substitutions in order to localize and distinguish the fibrinogen- and thrombomodulin-binding sites. Normal and mutant thrombins had similar amidolytic activity. Thrombin K52E had approximately 2.5-fold increased protein C-activating activity but only approximately 17% of normal fibrinogen-clotting activity. Thrombin R70E had normal fibrinogen-clotting activity but only approximately 7% of normal protein C-activating activity. Thrombin R68E had markedly reduced activity in both assays. Decreased activation of protein C correlated with decreased binding affinity for thrombomodulin, and ability to activate platelets correlated directly with fibrinogen-clotting activity. These results demonstrate that thrombins with predominantly anticoagulant or procoagulant activity can be created by mutagenesis and that thrombomodulin- and fibrinogen-binding sites on thrombin may overlap but are not identical.
Semantics and complexity of SPARQL (2009)

SPARQL is the standard language for querying RDF data. In this article, we address systematically the formal study of the database aspects of SPARQL, concentrating in its graph pattern matching facility. We provide a compositional semantics for the core part of SPARQL, and study the complexity of the evaluation of several fragments of the language. Among other complexity results, we show that the evaluation of general SPARQL patterns is PSPACE-complete. We identify a large class of SPARQL patterns, defined by imposing a simple and natural syntactic restriction, where the query evaluation problem can be solved more efficiently. This restriction gives rise to the class of well-designed patterns. We show that the evaluation problem is coNP-complete for well-designed patterns. Moreover, we provide several rewriting rules for well-designed patterns whose application may have a considerable impact in the cost of evaluating SPARQL queries.
Literatura, arte e ciência (2011)

NEUTRINOS, they are very small. They have no charge and have no mass And do not interact at all. The earth is just a silly ball To them, through which they simply pass, Like dustmaids down a drafty hall Or photons through a sheet of glass.
Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex (2016)

Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is making progress as a new non-invasive mode of regional brain stimulation. Current evidence of FUS-mediated neurostimulation for humans has been limited to the observation of subjective sensory manifestations and electrophysiological responses, thus warranting the identification of stimulated brain regions. Here, we report FUS sonication of the primary visual cortex (V1) in humans, resulting in elicited activation not only from the sonicated brain area, but also from the network of regions involved in visual and higher-order cognitive processes (as revealed by simultaneous acquisition of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging). Accompanying phosphene perception was also reported. The electroencephalo graphic (EEG) responses showed distinct peaks associated with the stimulation. None of the participants showed any adverse effects from the sonication based on neuroimaging and neurological examinations. Retrospective numerical simulation of the acoustic profile showed the presence of individual variability in terms of the location and intensity of the acoustic focus. With exquisite spatial selectivity and capability for depth penetration, FUS may confer a unique utility in providing non-invasive stimulation of region-specific brain circuits for neuroscientific and therapeutic applications.
Protein Kinase A, not Epac, Suppresses Hedgehog Activity and Regulates Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells (2007)

Cyclic AMP synergizes strongly with glucocorticoids (GC) to induce apoptosis in normal or malignant lymphoid cells. We examined the individual roles that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP), two intracellular cAMP receptors, play in this synergistic effect. Our studies demonstrate that PKA is responsible for the observed synergism with GC, whereas Epac exerts a weak antagonistic effect against GC-induced apoptosis. We find that endogenous PKA activity is higher in the GC-sensitive clone than in the GC-resistant clone. In the GC-sensitive clone, higher PKA activity is associated with lower Hedgehog (Hh) activity. Moreover, inhibition of Hh activity by Hh pathway-specific inhibitors leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CEM (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia, T lineage) cells, and the GC-sensitive clone is more sensitive to Hh inhibition. These results suggest that Hh activity is critical for leukemia cell growth and survival and that the level of Hh activity is in part responsible for the synergism between cAMP and GC.
Effect of Environmental Conditions on Unpasteurized Donor Human Milk (2006)

As a result of concerns over the transmission of infectious diseases by donor milk, as well as the possible loss of nutritional value of donor milk through exposure to a variety of environmental conditions, the practice in the United States has been to discard unpasteurized donor milk that has thawed or sat for several hours at room temperature or in the refrigerator rather than (re)freezing it. We undertook an experiment to measure the effects of ambient temperature conditions and refreezing on the bioburden and nutritional content of human milk. We conclude that unpasteurized human milk is robust and can be used after storage under certain conditions.
Hypermutability and error catastrophe due to defects in ribonucleotide reductase (2013)

The enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) plays a critical role in the production of deoxynucleoside-5'-triphosphates (dNTPs), the building blocks for DNA synthesis and replication. The levels of the cellular dNTPs are tightly controlled, in large part through allosteric control of RNR. One important reason for controlling the dNTPs relates to their ability to affect the fidelity of DNA replication and, hence, the cellular mutation rate. We have previously isolated a set of mutants of Escherichia coli RNR that are characterized by altered dNTP pools and increased mutation rates (mutator mutants). Here, we show that one particular set of RNR mutants, carrying alterations at the enzyme's allosteric specificity site, is characterized by relatively modest dNTP pool deviations but exceptionally strong mutator phenotypes, when measured in a mutational forward assay (>1,000-fold increases). We provide evidence indicating that this high mutability is due to a saturation of the DNA mismatch repair system, leading to hypermutability and error catastrophe. The results indicate that, surprisingly, even modest deviations of the cellular dNTP pools, particularly when the pool deviations promote particular types of replication errors, can have dramatic consequences for mutation rates.
Canakinumab, a fully-human mAb against IL-1beta for the potential treatment of inflammatory disorders. (2009)

Novartis AG is developing canakinumab, an intravenously or subcutaneously infused, fully human mAb that neutralizes the bioactivity of human IL-1beta, which is involved in several inflammatory disorders. Canakinumab has promising clinical safety and pharmacokinetic properties, and demonstrated potential for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) and possibly for other complex inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA), COPD disease and ocular diseases. Currently in phase III clinical development, canakinumab was recently granted EU and US Orphan Drug status for SoJIA and CAPS. Early clinical trials have established the administration of canakinumab every 2 weeks to be safe and effective, offering a considerable advantage over the existing treatment with the human IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra, which must be injected daily and which is often poorly tolerated by patients. The availability of more than one IL-1 targeting biological agent is undoubtedly advantageous, not only for patients and clinicians, but also for the elucidation of disease mechanisms.
Compact high-extinction-ratio silicon photonic variable optical attenuators (VOAs) (2017)

We design and demonstrate heat-harvesting two-part compact variable optical attenuators, which provide a high controllable extinction ratio at C- and L-band wavelengths, and multiplex the added channels into a single output port.
Adenovirus-Vectored Drug-Vaccine Duo as a Rapid-Response Tool for Conferring Seamless Protection against Influenza (2011)

Few other diseases exert such a huge toll of suffering as influenza. We report here that intranasal (i.n.) administration of E1/E3-defective (ΔE1E3) adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) particles rapidly induced an anti-influenza state as a means of prophylactic therapy which persisted for several weeks in mice. By encoding an influenza virus (IFV) hemagglutinin (HA) HA1 domain, an Ad5-HA1 vector conferred rapid protection as a prophylactic drug followed by elicitation of sustained protective immunity as a vaccine for inducing seamless protection against influenza as a drug-vaccine duo (DVD) in a single package. Since Ad5 particles induce a complex web of host responses, which could arrest influenza by activating a specific arm of innate immunity to impede IFV growth in the airway, it is conceivable that this multi-pronged influenza DVD may escape the fate of drug resistance that impairs the current influenza drugs.
A New Approach To Cu-cu Direct Bump Bonding (1997)

A new approach to direct bonding at room temperature between Cu bump to Cu substrate was proposed. The proposed method combines following two techniques: the surface activated bonding (SAB) which has been developed by the authors for room temperature bonding, and a special electroless-plating technique which enablcs gaps between Cu bump and the substrate due to the height difference of Cu bumps to be filled. In the present paper the method is referred as SAB-GIP method. Amodel chip was bonded at first by SAB method. In the bonding procedure, the surfaces of Cu bump and Cu substrate are sputter-cleaned by Ar fast atom beam irradiation and brought into contact under a pressure in rage of several grains per bump. Subsequently a solution for Cu electroless plating is injected between chip and substrate and. The effect of filling of Cu in the gap between bump and substrate by cyclic injection electroless-plating could be confirmed by SEM observation. Characterization of the bonding was made by measuring the contact resistance as well as the shear strength. An additional ideas related to the method was also proposed to provide self-alignment effect to the bonding by using solder bumps which are formed either on the tip or on the substrate.
Edaravone and its clinical development for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2017)

The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. Oxidative stress may be one of the major mechanisms involved. In vitro and in vivo data of edaravone suggest that it may possess broad free radical scavenging activity and protect neurons, glia, and vascular endothelial cells against oxidative stress. During the 1980s and 1990s, edaravone was developed for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. In 2001, a clinical program in ALS was initiated and five clinical studies were conducted in Japan. Phase III studies were designed to rapidly evaluate (within a 24-week double-blind study window) functional changes using the Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) as a primary endpoint. The study populations were selected according to these considerations and were further refined as the studies proceeded. Although the first phase III study did not meet its primary endpoint, post-hoc analyses showed an apparent effect of edaravone, when additional patient inclusion criteria defined by ALSFRS-R score, pulmonary function, certainty of ALS diagnosis, and duration of disease were applied. This population was hypothesized not only to have retained broad functionality and normal respiratory function at study baseline but also to be likely to show measurable disease progression over 24 weeks. A second confirmatory phase III study applying these refinements in patient selection was prospectively designed and successfully documented a statistically significant difference between the edaravone and placebo groups in the ALSFRS-R primary endpoint. This paper describes and reviews data pertinent to the potential mechanism of action of edaravone, and reviews the development history of edaravone for the treatment of ALS.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (1973)

The linear amino acid sequence of the α subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-α) has been derived from a study of the tryptic and cyanogen bromide peptides. The total number of amino acids varies from 89 to 92 because of NH2-terminal heterogeneity probably caused by proteolysis of hCG. The molecular weight of hCG-α is estimated to be 14,900 as calculated from its chemical composition, approximately 10,200 for the protein and 4,700 for the carbohydrate part of the molecule. The carbohydrate moiety consists of 2 bulky carbohydrate units attached to the amide groups of asparagine residues 52 and 78 by N-glycosidic bonds. Assignment of the five disulfide bonds and some of the amide groups has not been made. There are no free sulfhydryl groups or tryptophan present in hCG-α. The amino acid sequence of hCG-α exhibits considerable homology with the α subunits of luteinizing (LH) and thyroid-stimulating (TSH) hormones. The sequences of human LH-α and hCG-α differ only in a 2-residue inversion and a 3-residue deletion at the NH2 terminus of hLH-α. There are 25 amino acid substitutions in hCG-α when compared with ovine or porcine LH-α or bovine TSH-α. The structure of the carbohydrate units of hCG-α appears to be different from that of the carbohydrate units in the α subunits of the other hormones.
Preparation of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles coated with gallic acid for drug delivery (2012)

The magnetic nanocarrier enhanced the thermal stability of the drug, gallic acid. Release of the active drug from the FCG nanocarrier was found to occur in a controlled manner. The gallic acid and FCG nanoparticles were not toxic in a normal human fibroblast (3T3) line, and anticancer activity was higher in HT29 than MCF7 cell lines.
Formulating Blue Ocean Strategy to Revitalize a Regional Industry : A Case of Rafting Industry in Korea (2009)

The framework of strategy (Kim and Mauborgne, 2005) applies to not only business firm level but also region or regional industry level. The paper suggests an approach of survey-based blue strategy formulation. The result from survey on customer group and non-customer group gives information on positions of value curves for regions on strategy canvas and hints on how to reposition the focal region's value curve for both increases in value for customers and decreases in cost for local government, i.e., value innovation. In the context of rafting industry in Korea, this study shows the process how blue strategy can be formulated with results from the survey on customers and business people in rafting industry. Relative positions of value curves on strategy canvas and importance scores for strategy elements provides the local government in region A with implications on which elements to raise or to reduce to create ocean in rafting industry under fierce inter-region competition.