gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The projected power consumption of a wireless clock distribution system and comparison to conventional distribution systems (2003)

A wireless interconnect system has been proposed for global clock signal distribution. The system transmits and receives signals at 20 GHz or higher. The received signal is then amplified, frequency divided to 4 GHz or lower, and buffered to provide a clock signal to the local clock distribution system. An analysis comparing the projected power dissipation of a wireless clock distribution system to conventional grid-based and H-tree based distribution systems for 0.1 /spl mu/m generation microprocessors is performed, based on the total capacitive loading of the global distribution system. The results show that in terms of power dissipation, the wireless clock distribution system should be comparable to conventional systems.
Role of Arginine 59 in the γ-Class Carbonic Anhydrases (2001)

The functional role of the highly conserved active site Arg 59 in the prototype of the gamma-class carbonic anhydrase Cam (carbonic anhydrase from Methanosarcina thermophila) was investigated. Variants (R59A, -C, -E, -H, -K, -M, and -Q) were prepared by site-directed mutagenesis and characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and stopped-flow kinetic analyses. CD spectra indicated similar secondary structures for the wild type and the R59A and -K variants, independent of nondenaturing concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl). SEC indicated that all variants purified as homotrimers like the wild type. SEC also revealed that the R59A and -K variants unfolded at > or = 1.5 M GdnHCl, compared to 3.0 M GdnHCl for the wild type. These results indicate that Arg 59 contributes to the thermodynamic stability of the Cam trimer. The R59K variant had k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m) values that were 8 and 5% of the wild-type values, respectively, while all other variants had k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m) values 10-100-fold lower than those of the wild type. The R59A, -C, -E, -M, and -Q variants exhibited 4-63-fold increases in k(cat) and 9-120-fold increases in k(cat)/K(m) upon addition of 100 mM GdnHCl, with the largest increases observed for the R59A variant, which was comparable to the R59K variant. The kinetic results indicate that a positive charge at position 59 is essential for the CO(2) hydration step of the overall catalytic mechanism.
Synthesis and antiviral activity of a series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with functionality tethered to the P1 or P1' phenyl design (1992)

By tethering of a polar hydrophilic group to the P1 or P1' substituent of a Phe-based hydroxyethylene isostere, the antiviral potency of a series of HIV protease inhibitors was improved. The optimum enhancement of anti-HIV activity was observed with the 4-morpholinylethoxy substituent. The substituent effect is consistent with a model derived from inhibitor docked in the crystal structure of the native enzyme. An X-ray crystal structure of the inhibited enzyme determined to 2.25 A verifies the modeling predictions.
Schools of hope: developing mind and character in today's youth (1994)

A significant contribution to educational reform literature. It offers an insightful, research-based analysis of the problems in education and a compelling vision for change. Schools of Hope will stand with the best works of Ernest Boyer, Ted Sizer, and John Goodlad.?Gary M. Doyle, deputy superintAndent, Bloomfield Hills SchoolsSchools of Hope proposes specific principles for creating classrooms that educate both the minds and hearts of today's students, teaching them to be reflective and self-educating.
Relations, cards, and search templates (2007)

We present three new interaction techniques for aiding users in collecting and organizing Web content. First, we demonstrate an interface for creating associations between websites, which facilitate the automatic retrieval of related content. Second, we present an authoring interface that allows users to quickly merge content from many different websites into a uniform and personalized representation, which we call a card. Finally, we introduce a novel search paradigm that leverages the relationships in a card to direct search queries to extract relevant content from multiple Web sources and fill a new series of cards instead of just returning a list of webpage URLs. Preliminary feedback from users is positive andvalidates our design.
Analyzing Variety by Environment Data Using Multiplicative Mixed Models and Adjustments for Spatial Field Trend (2001)

The recommendation of new plant varieties for commercial use requires reliable and accurate predictions of the average yield of each variety across a range of target environments and knowledge of important interactions with the environment. This information is obtained from series of plant variety trials, also known as multi-environment trials (MET). Cullis, Gogel, Verbyla, and Thompson (1998) presented a spatial mixed model approach for the analysis of MET data. In this paper we extend the analysis to include multiplicative models for the variety effects in each environment. The multiplicative model corresponds to that used in the multivariate technique of factor analysis. It allows a separate genetic variance for each environment and provides a parsimonious and interpretable model for the genetic covariances between environments. The model can be regarded as a random effects analogue of AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interactions). We illustrate the method using a large set of MET data from a South Australian barley breeding program.
Transition 6 (9-10) (1995)

Dramatic population trends in countries of the FSU (Timothy Heleniak). Poverty in Russia--an assessment (Jeni Klugman). Checklist for action in the Russian economy (Michael D. Intriligator, Robert McIntyre, Marshall Pomer, Dorothy J. Rosenberg, and Lance Taylor). The IMF and the World Bank prevents what? (Dmitri Tulin). Dangers of Dirigisme (John Nellis). The IMF's role in the transition has come under increasing scrutiny: the Economist Intelligence Unit introduces aggregate policy indicators (Laza Kekic). Trade performance depends on bold reform (Bartlomiej Kaminski, Zhen Kun Wang, and L. Alan Winters). Electricity consumption and output decline--an update (Istvan Dobozi).
Production of a Monoclonal Anti-Myostatin Antibody and the Effects of In Ovo Administration of the Antibody on Posthatch Broiler Growth and Muscle Mass (2006)

In this study, we produced a polyclonal antibody against unprocessed chicken myostatin and examined the effect of in ovo administration of the antibody on posthatch chicken growth and muscle mass. A PCR-amplified unprocessed chicken myostatin cDNA was cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector, and myostatin proteins were expressed. Recombinant myostatin purified by electro-elution of the SDS-PAGE fractionated myostatin band was used as an immunogen to produce rabbit polyclonal antimyostatin antibody (pAb-AVM46). In Western blot analysis, the pAb-AVM46 showed high affinity to the myostatin propeptide, but little affinity to the mature myostatin. Two experiments examined the effect of in ovo administration of the pAb-AVM46 on posthatch chicken growth and skeletal muscle mass. In experiment 1, broilers from eggs injected once with 35 microg of the antibody into the yolk on d 3 of incubation had significantly lower combined thigh and leg weight at 4 wk posthatch than the controls that received no injection, or the broilers from eggs received the same dose of antibody into the albumen. In experiment 2, 2 different doses of the antibody (9 or 70 microg) were injected into the yolk, and the effects on body and muscle weight were examined at 5 wk posthatch. Birds from eggs injected with 70 microg of the antibody had significantly lighter (11.6%) combined thigh and leg weight than the control birds. The percentage of the combined thigh and leg weight to BW of the 70-microg group was also significantly lower than that of the control group (20.95 vs. 23.08%). The results of this study indicate that unprocessed full-length myostatin as an immunogen produced antibody populations having affinity mostly to the propeptide with little to the mature form. The decreased muscle weight observed in broilers injected with the antibody in the yolk indicates that myostatin activity was probably elevated by the binding of the antibody to the propeptide, and provides evidence that myostatin propeptide inhibits the biological activity of myostatin in broilers.
Composition and clinical use of hemodialysates (2006)

A thorough knowledge and understanding of the principles underlying the preparation and the clinical application of hemodialysates can help us provide exemplary patient care to individuals having end-stage renal disease. It is prudent to be conversant with the following: (a) how each ingredient in a dialysate works, (b) the clinical circumstances under which the concentration of an ingredient can be altered, and (c) the special situations in which unconventional ingredients can be introduced into a dialysate. The potential to enrich dialysates with appropriate ingredients (such as iron compounds) is limited only by the boundaries of our imagination.
Model for the amperometric enzyme electrode obtained through digital simulation and applied to the immobilized glucose oxidase system (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel for the amperometric enzyme electrode obtained through digital simulation and applied to the immobilized glucose oxidase systemLeroy D. Mell and J. T. MaloyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 2, 299–307Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60352a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60352a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views486Altmetric-Citations219LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Survival and Complications in Thalassemia (2005)

The life expectancy of patients with thalassemia major has significantly increased in recent years, as reported by several groups in different countries. However, complications are still frequent and affect the patients' quality of life. In a recent study from the United Kingdom, it was found that 50% of the patients had died before age 35. At that age, 65% of the patients from an Italian long-term study were still alive. Heart disease is responsible for more than half of the deaths. The prevalence of complications in Italian patients born after 1970 includes heart failure in 7%, hypogonadism in 55%, hypothyroidism in 11%, and diabetes in 6%. Similar data were reported in patients from the United States. In the Italian study, lower ferritin levels were associated with a lower probability of experiencing heart failure and with prolonged survival. Osteoporosis and osteopenia are common and affect virtually all patients. Hepatitis C virus antibodies are present in 85% of multitransfused Italian patients, 23% of patients in the United Kingdom, 35% in the United States, 34% in France, and 21% in India. Hepatocellular carcinoma can complicate the course of hepatitis. A survey of Italian centers has identified 23 such cases in patients with a thalassemia syndrome. In conclusion, rates of survival and complication-free survival continue to improve, due to better treatment strategies. New complications are appearing in long-term survivors. Iron overload of the heart remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality.
IgE Binding Capacity of Synthetic and Recombinant Peptides of the Major Storage Mite (Lepidoglyphus destructor) Allergen, Lep d 2 (1998)

We conclude that there are no dominant linear IgE-binding epitopes in Lep d 2. Recombinant or synthetic Lep d 2 fragments may, however, be further evaluated as hypoallergenic candidate molecules for specific immunotherapy.
The Effect of Excipient Solubility on the in-vitro and in-vivo Properties of Bendrofluazide Tablets 5 MG (1977)

SUMMARYTaRblets containing bendrofluazide 5 mg have been prepared at 190, 220 and 290 MNm−2 using four different excipients; sorbitol, lactose, calcium orthophosphate and calcium hydrogen orthophosphate. The solubilities in water of the excipients were respectively 70, 17.8, 0.03 and 0.01% W/W. Granules prepared under identical conditions were found to have moisture contents of about 3% W/W. All the four excipients were found to be equally effective in producing minimal tablet to tablet weight variation. Tablet hardness was governed by the intrinsic nature of the excipient and for all diluents an increase in compressional force produced an increase in tablet hardness. However, the size of this hardness increase varied markedly dependent on the excipient. Disintegration time and the nature of the disintegrating process varied greatly with the excipient. Generally, decreasing the solubility of the diluent decreased the disintegration time, but the pattern was complicated by the effect of compaction pressure which produced marked disintegration time differences with some excipients but not with others. No correlation was found between disintegration time and dissolution rate. However changing the excipient greatly affected the dissolution rates of the tablets in some cases by as much as 600%. Disintegration time was found to be no indicator of dissolution performance. In-vivo assessment of the tablets demonstrated that there was a direct correlation between in-vivo activity, measured as initial micturation rate, with bendro-fluazide dissolution. In general the study showed that by changing the diluent, marked differences in the in-vivo and in-vitro properties of the bendrofluazide tablets could be demonstrated and that these differences were more marked using very soluble excipients. The best excipients were found to be calcium orthophosphate and calcium hydrogen orthophosphate. Sorbitol was found to be the least useful as a tablet diluent.
Paclitaxel as weekly second-line therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma (2000)

Although the prognosis for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma is still poor, gemcitabine has shown significant impact upon survival and quality of life. Our aim was to examine the potential effectiveness of a second- or third-line therapy with paclitaxel (Taxol) after confirmed progression with a gemcitabine-containing schedule for patients remaining in good clinical condition. Eighteen patients with stage IVb disease participated in this study. Pretreatment with gemcitabine was performed either as monotherapy and/or in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folic acid (FA). Paclitaxel was administered at weekly intervals on an outpatient basis. We observed 238 weekly treatments with a median number per patient of 12 treatments. The median dosage was 73 mg/m2 paclitaxel (range 55-88 mg/m2). Regarding toxicity, only one patient each presented with anemia and leukocytopenia of WHO grade III. Hepatotoxicity with a temporary increase in aminotransferase of WHO grade II occurred in three patients. Higher-grade symptomatic toxicity was rare, except alopecia. At this time, the median survival time is 17.5 weeks (range 7-88 weeks) since the start of therapy. Stable disease was observed in five patients. One patient achieved complete remission within 37 weeks. At this time, he has survived for more than 56 weeks after confirmed progression under first-line therapy. In conclusion, this schedule demonstrates that weekly therapy with paclitaxel after pretreatment can be effective with a low toxicity profile. This opens up an additional therapeutic option for a selected patient group with a poor prognosis so far.
Differential structural responses of small resistance vessels to antihypertensive therapy. (1987)

Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after control of blood pressure has been documented with some antihypertensive agents but not with others. To determine whether similar differences in regression of wall thickening also occur in resistance vessels during treatment, matched groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated for 12 weeks with either hydralazine (H) or captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (C-D) and they were compared with untreated SHR and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Perfusion pressure was then determined in the hindlimbs of pithed rats under conditions of constant blood flow (4.0 ml/min) and maximal vasodilation (hemodilution to 22% hematocrit combined with continuous nitroprusside and papaverine infusion). This perfusion pressure, which has been validated as an index of thickening (hypertrophy) of resistance vessels walls, averaged 26.8 +/- 0.4(SE) mm Hg in untreated WKY (n = 12) and 37.6 +/- 0.4 mm Hg in untreated SHR (n = 11) (p less than .01). Treatment with H or C-D controlled blood pressure equally in SHR, but the two drugs had significantly different effects on both left ventricular hypertrophy and resistance vessels. Perfusion pressure was reduced from 37.6 +/- 0.4 mm Hg to 34.0 +/- 0.5 mm Hg (p less than .01) with C-D but only to 36.5 +/- 0.5 mm Hg with H (NS). Left ventricular weight was significantly reduced by C-D (2.02 +/- 0.02 vs 2.63 +/- 0.05 mg/g, p less than .01) but only to 2.44 +/- 0.05 mg/g by H.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Expulsion of small molecules in vesicles shed by cancer cells: association with gene expression and chemosensitivity profiles. (2003)

Anticancer drug resistance results from selective pressure of chemotherapy, together with mutations or epigenetic changes that make cells refractory to treatment. In cancer cells, we report that gene expression associated with vesicle shedding correlates with chemosensitivity profiles. Experiments with doxorubicin and other small molecules confirm drug accumulation and expulsion in shed vesicles. Relative differences in the rate of vesicle shedding correspond with doxorubicin resistance across various cell lines. Moreover, accumulation of drug in membrane domains in which vesicles originate accounts for drug expulsion in shed vesicles. These observations implicate vesicle shedding as a drug efflux mechanism potentially involved in drug resistance.
Optical semiconductor devices (1999)

Basics of Optoelectronic pn-Junction Devices. Light-Emitting Diodes. Laser Diodes. Photodiodes. Optical Modulators. Device Fabrication and Packaging. Reliability. Application of Optoelectronic pn-Junction Devices. Index.
KCNQ5, a Novel Potassium Channel Broadly Expressed in Brain, Mediates M-type Currents (2000)

KCNQ2 and KCNQ3, both of which are mutated in a type of human neonatal epilepsy, form heteromeric potassium channels that are expressed in broad regions of the brain. The associated current may be identical to the M-current, an important regulator of neuronal excitability. We now show that the RNA encoding the novel KCNQ5 channel is also expressed in brain and in sympathetic ganglia where it overlaps largely with KCNQ2 and KCNQ3. In addition, it is expressed in skeletal muscle. KCNQ5 yields currents that activate slowly with depolarization and can form heteromeric channels with KCNQ3. Currents expressed from KCNQ5 have voltage dependences and inhibitor sensitivities in common with M-currents. They are also inhibited by M1 muscarinic receptor activation. A KCNQ5 splice variant found in skeletal muscle displays altered gating kinetics. This indicates a molecular diversity of channels yielding M-type currents and suggests a role for KCNQ5 in the regulation of neuronal excitability.
Aminoimidazoles as Bioisosteres of Acylguanidines: Novel, Potent, Selective and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitors of the Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger Isoform‐1. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Increased Expression of Androgen Receptor Sensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells to Low Levels of Androgens (2009)

Androgen receptor (AR) is known to be overexpressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer. To interrogate the functional significance of the AR level, we established two LNCaP cell sublines expressing in a stable fashion two to four times (LNCaP-ARmo) and four to six times (LNCaP-ARhi) higher level of AR than the parental cell line expressing the empty vector (LNCaP-pcDNA3.1). LNCaP-ARhi cell line grew faster than the control line in low concentrations, especially in 1 nmol/L 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Microarray-based transcript profiling and subsequent unsupervised hierarchical clustering showed that LNCaP-ARhi cells clustered together with VCaP cells, containing endogenous AR gene amplification and overexpression, indicating the central role of AR in the overall regulation of gene expression in prostate cancer cells. Two hundred forty genes showed >2-fold changes on DHT treatment in LNCaP-ARhi at 4 h time point, whereas only 164 and 52 showed changes in LNCaP-ARmo and LNCaP-pcDNA3.1, respectively. Many androgen-regulated genes were upregulated in LNCaP-ARhi at 10-fold lower concentration of DHT than in control cells. DHT (1 nmol/L) increased expression of several cell cycle-associated genes in LNCaP-ARhi cells. ChIP-on-chip assay revealed the presence of chromatin binding sites for AR within +/-200 kb of most of these genes. The growth of LNCaP-ARhi cells was also highly sensitive to cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, roscovitine, at 1nmol/L DHT. In conclusion, our results show that overexpression of AR sensitizes castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to the low levels of androgens. The activity of AR signaling pathway is regulated by the levels of both ligand and the receptor.
Polymorphism-induced dual phosphorescent emission from solid-state iridium(III) complex (2009)

Different molecular packing structures in the solid-state iridium(III) complex (1) induce unprecedented dual phosphorescent emission through 3M(LLLL)CT and 3M(LL)CT transitions.
3D Semantic Parsing of Large-Scale Indoor Spaces (2016)

In this paper, we propose a method for semantic parsing the 3D point cloud of an entire building using a hierarchical approach: first, the raw data is parsed into semantically meaningful spaces (e.g. rooms, etc) that are aligned into a canonical reference coordinate system. Second, the spaces are parsed into their structural and building elements (e.g. walls, columns, etc). Performing these with a strong notation of global 3D space is the backbone of our method. The alignment in the first step injects strong 3D priors from the canonical coordinate system into the second step for discovering elements. This allows diverse challenging scenarios as man-made indoor spaces often show recurrent geometric patterns while the appearance features can change drastically. We also argue that identification of structural elements in indoor spaces is essentially a detection problem, rather than segmentation which is commonly used. We evaluated our method on a new dataset of several buildings with a covered area of over 6, 000m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and over 215 million points, demonstrating robust results readily useful for practical applications.