gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Practical robust localization over large-scale 802.11 wireless networks (2004)

We demonstrate a system built using probabilistic techniques that allows for remarkably accurate localization across our entire office building using nothing more than the built-in signal intensity meter supplied by standard 802.11 cards. While prior systems have required significant investments of human labor to build a detailed signal map, we can train our system by spending less than one minute per office or region, walking around with a laptop and recording the observed signal intensities of our building's unmodified base stations. We actually collected over two minutes of data per office or region, about 28 man-hours of effort. Using less than half of this data to train the localizer, we can localize a user to the precise, correct location in over 95% of our attempts, across the entire building. Even in the most pathological cases, we almost never localize a user any more distant than to the neighboring office. A user can obtain this level of accuracy with only two or three signal intensity measurements, allowing for a high frame rate of localization results. Furthermore, with a brief calibration period, our system can be adapted to work with previously unknown user hardware. We present results demonstrating the robustness of our system against a variety of untrained time-varying phenomena, including the presence or absence of people in the building across the day. Our system is sufficiently robust to enable a variety of location-aware applications without requiring special-purpose hardware or complicated training and calibration procedures.
Explicit modeling of mode transition constraints for model predictive control (2008)

The model predictive/optimal control problem of hybrid systems is reduced to a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) problem. However, the MIQP problem has one serious weakness, i.e., the computation time to solve the MIQP problem is too long for practical plants. For overcoming this technical issue, there are several approaches. In this paper, a modeling of mode transition constraints, which are expressed by a directed graph, are focused, and a new method to model a directed graph is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by numerical examples.
Antibiotics in the treatment of biliary infection. (1984)

Antibiotics in the treatment of biliary infection Bile is difficult to obtain for culture in man. Because of this, antibiotic treatment of biliary infection is often directed towards biliary organisms which are suspected, rather than proven. To complicate effective treatment further, infection may be asymptomatic, presenting with septic complications following a surgical or radiological procedure.
Engineered Liver-Like Tissue on a Capillarized Matrix for Applied Research (2007)

Liver tissue that is functional and viable for several weeks in vitro represents an auspicious test system for basic and applied research. In this study, a coculture system for hepatocytes (HCs) and microvascular endothelial cells (mECs) was generated applying tissue-engineering techniques, establishing the basis for a new bioartificial liver in vitro model. Porcine mECs were seeded on a decellularized porcine jejunal segment with preserved vascular structures. Porcine HCs were seeded onto this vascularized scaffold, and the resulting coculture was maintained for 3 weeks in vitro. Tissue morphology and differentiation was monitored using histology and immunohistochemistry. Tissue metabolism was monitored using daily assessment of urea and lactate production. HC monolayer cultures served as controls. The 2-stage seeding procedure resulted in a 3-dimensional coculture system harboring HC cell clusters in multiple cell layers lining the generated mEC-seeded capillary structures. It was viable for 3 weeks, and HCs maintained their morphology and differentiation. Biochemical testing revealed stable metabolic activity of the tissue culture. In contrast, HCs cultured in monolayer showed morphological dedifferentiation and an unfavorable metabolic state. Our mEC-HC coculture represents a new approach toward a functional bioartificial liver-like tissue applicable as a test system for basic and applied research.
Characterization and partial purification of keratinocyte growth factor from the hypothalamus (1984)

An extract of bovine hypothalamus is known to be mitogenic for human keratinocytes in vitro. In order to identify the responsible substance(s), biochemical characterization and subsequent bioassay of the extract in a serum-free culture system were performed. The keratinocyte growth-promoting activity of the hypothalamic extract was unaffected by heating (100 degrees C, 10 min); acidification to pH 3.3; or by exposure to lipase, RNAase, or proteolytic enzymes; but was abolished by alkalinization to pH 11. An approximate molecular weight of 1,700 daltons was determined by elution on a calibrated Sephadex G-25 column, and an approximate pl of 3.5 was determined by isoelectric focusing. Optimal concentrations of the crude extract (150-300 micrograms/ml) increased keratinocyte growth approximately 50-fold compared to control cultures lacking the extract. Partial purification resulted in a preparation biologically active at 30 ng/ml protein equivalent and was consistent with the presence of a single mitogen which we have termed keratinocyte growth factor (KGF). Mitogenic activity for human melanocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, present in the crude hypothalamic extract, was lacking in heat-treated preparations that contained KGF. Optimal concentrations of purified epidermal growth factor and ethanolamine, the only remotely similar substances previously reported to augment keratinocyte growth in vitro, could not substitute for KGF in the serum-free culture system. Keratinocyte growth-promoting activity comparable to that observed in bovine hypothalamic extracts was present in human hypothalamic extracts prepared in the same manner.
Fecal bacteriotherapy for ulcerative colitis: Patients are ready, are we? (2011)

This is the first study to examine important ethical and social issues surrounding FB as a treatment for UC. Given adequate supporting research, donor selection, and screening, adult patients and parents of children with UC will consider FB and are eager for it to become available. These findings have important implications for future microbiome-based treatments.
Determination of the Structure of a Decay Accelerating Factor-Binding Clinical Isolate of Echovirus 11 Allows Mapping of Mutants with Altered Receptor Requirements for Infection (2002)

We have used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of a decay accelerating factor (DAF)-binding, clinic-derived isolate of echovirus 11 (EV11-207). The structures of the capsid proteins closely resemble those of capsid proteins of other picornaviruses. The structure allows us to interpret a series of amino acid changes produced by passaging EV11-207 in different cell lines as highlighting the locations of multiple receptor-binding sites on the virion surface. We suggest that a DAF-binding site is located at the fivefold axes of the virion, while the binding site for a distinct but as yet unidentified receptor is located within the canyon surrounding the virion fivefold axes.
Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics (1987)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Biomedical Applications of Magnetically Functionalized Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanofibers (2015)

Nanofibers are one-dimensional nanomaterial in fiber form with diameter less than 1 µm and an aspect ratio (length/diameter) larger than 100:1. Among the different types of nanoparticle-loaded nanofiber systems, nanofibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles have gained much attention from biomedical scientists due to a synergistic effect obtained from the unique properties of both the nanofibers and magnetic nanoparticles. These magnetic nanoparticle-encapsulated or -embedded nanofiber systems can be used not only for imaging purposes but also for therapy. In this review, we focused on recent advances in nanofibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles, their biomedical applications, and future trends in the application of these nanofibers.
Antibacterial Aminoglycosides with a Modified Mode of Binding to the Ribosomal‐RNA Decoding Site (2004)

A new twist of RNA fate: Site-selective chemical functionalization at the C2′′OH group of paromomycin (1) afforded a novel analogue with potent inhibitory activity against several bacterial strains, including a multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. X-ray cocrystal-structure determination of the complex with the A site of E. coli RNA revealed a new mode of binding in which significant conformational and positional changes had taken place in rings III and IV. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z462092_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Factors limiting autogene‐based cytoplasmic expression systems (2005)

The relatively low levels of transfection that can be achieved by current gene delivery systems have limited the therapeutic utility of gene transfer. This is especially true for non-viral gene delivery systems, where the levels of gene expression achieved are usually well below the levels achieved by viral gene transfer systems. Previous work from our laboratory describes an enhanced dual promoter autogene-based cytoplasmic expression system that gives rise to levels of gene expression 20-fold higher than that of a CMV nuclear expression plasmid control. Here various strategies are described to increase the levels of autogene-based gene expression by changing variables such as the type of nuclear promoter, phage RNAP gene, and IRES element. Although insights into the function of various IRES elements were gained, none of these changes demonstrated a significant increase in gene expression. However, determination of the mRNA levels achieved using quantitative RNase protection assays and immunofluorescence experiments revealed that transgene mRNA levels were saturated at up to 10 times higher than all other mRNA in the transfected cell combined. It follows that mRNA production, as well as translation, are important factors limiting autogene-based cytoplasmic expression.
Inhibition of Klenow Fragment DNA Polymerase on Double-Helical Templates by Oligonucleotide-Directed Triple-Helix Formation (1994)

We have examined the capacity of oligonucleotide-directed triple helices to block the progress of primer extension by DNA polymerase. Occupancy of the major groove of a double-helical DNA substrate obstructed Klenow fragment progress at sites that map near the proximal boundary between duplex and triplex. Among a family of related third-strand oligonucleotides that all stably occupied the target duplex in the absence of polymerase, those forming longer triplexes were more effective polymerase inhibitors than shorter complexes. Kinetic analysis revealed that the triple-helical complex provided an effective blockade for times of at least 20 min. These observations provide the basis for considering and further dissecting repair DNA polymerase function and mechanism by using various defined local three-stranded DNA structures as probes.
Eye openings in WDM transmission systems with optical SSB modulation using a Hilbert transformer and with electrical low‐frequency band equalization (2003)

Abstract A narrowband optical modulation model was devised based on an optical single sideband (SSB) modulator using a finite‐order Hilbert transformer. The model's wavelength multiplexing transmission characteristics were analyzed by evaluating the eye openings obtained by computer simulation. First, we evaluated a transmission model with no adjacent channels and found that the transmission eye openings after demodulation were degraded by the characteristics of the optical SSB modulation and the frequency response of a channel separation filter. The degradation of the eye openings could clearly be corrected by applying electrical attenuation equalization in the low‐frequency band after baseband demodulation. Next, we evaluated the eye openings obtained by the optimum channel separation filter determined as a function of the order of the Hilbert transformer by evaluating the transmission model extended to three‐channel multiplexing that includes adjacent channels. It was found that applying electrical attenuation equalization improved the received signal characteristics as the order of the Hilbert transformer increased. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 86(5): 1–11, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecja.10058
Random Walks in Biology (1984)

A landmark account of the dynamics of living systems and the methods for studying them Random Walks in Biology provides a lucid, straightforward introduction to the concepts and techniques of statistical physics that students of biology, biochemistry, and biophysics must know. Howard Berg offers an essential foundation for understanding random motions of molecules, subcellular particles, and cells as well as the processes that are affected by such motions. Using the concept of &ldquo;random walks&rdquo; of individual particles, Berg illuminates the physics involved in diffusion, sedimentation, electrophoresis, chromatography, and cell motility. With an engaging foreword by theoretical biophysicist William Bialek, this Princeton Science Library edition can serve as a supplementary text for courses on biochemistry, molecular biology, biomechanics, physiology, biophysics, and physical chemistry. It is also an ideal reference volume.
Serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor α in human cancer of adults and children: a review (2008)

Cancer growth and development is associated with the stimulation of the innate immune system, including enhanced interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in immune cells and its shedding into the circulation in a soluble form of sIL-2Ralpha. In most haematological malignancies, including different types of leukaemias and lymphomas, sIL-2Ralpha has been found to be released directly from the surface of neoplastic cells thus reflecting the tumour bulk, turnover and activity. Several studies have proved that not only lymphoid cancer cells, but also some non-lymphoid cancer cells, express IL-2R on their surface. They include malignant melanoma and carcinomas of the kidney, head and neck, oesophagus and lung. It is suggested that in most malignant solid tumours, elevated levels of sIL-2Ralpha are likely to be the product of normal peripheral mononuclear cells activated in response to the neoplasm's growth or that they are released from activated lymphoid cells infiltrating neoplastic tissues. This latter hypothesis has been proved by discovering the high expression of CD25 on the cell surface of most of these cells. Although the precise source and biological role of sIL-2Ralpha has not been clarified definitively, pretreatment serum levels of sIL-2Ralpha have been shown to reflect the activity, advancement and biological aggressiveness of many types of cancer in adults and children as well as to correlate with prognosis and overall survival. The possibility of enriching the diagnostic tools of oncologists with a new biochemical marker of activity of neoplasms resulted in numerous studies and reports concerning the clinical usefulness of sIL-2Ralpha measurements in adult and, less frequently, in paediatric malignancies. This article presents the actual knowledge concerning the structure, source and biological function of sIL-2Ralpha in patients with haematological and non-haematological malignancies. The authors review the published data on clinical applicability of soluble IL-2Ralpha determination in terms of diagnostics, prognosis and treatment monitoring of particular types of malignant disorders both in adults and in children. They also provide an insight into the clinical usefulness of sLL-2Ralpha-blocking antibodies in patients with cancer, and in those who reject organ transplants, develop graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and are affected with autoimmune disorders.
立国际标准、创一流品牌——中国居室门发展趋势高层论坛及康洁居室门上市新闻发布会 (2004)

近日在北京康洁公司总部举办中国居室门发展趋势高层论坛,来自木业行业的机构领导、国内外专家、生产厂家的负责人以及人民日报、北京晚报、北京青年报、消费日报、精品购物、人物周刊和国际木业等媒体的记者出席会议.
Brassinosteroid signalling (2013)

The brassinosteroid (BR) class of steroid hormones regulates plant development and physiology. The BR signal is transduced by a receptor kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway, which is distinct from animal steroid signalling systems. Recent studies have fully connected the BR signal transduction chain and have identified thousands of BR target genes, linking BR signalling to numerous cellular processes. Molecular links between BR and several other signalling pathways have also been identified. Here, we provide an overview of the highly integrated BR signalling network and explain how this steroid hormone functions as a master regulator of plant growth, development and metabolism.
Educating Students for the Information Age: The Role of the Librarian (1997)

Most countries are facing major challenges in educating students from kindergarten through the university for productive lives in the information age. Governments and business leaders are challenging educators to provide students with skills to live and work effectively in the information age. Cooperative ventures between teachers and librarians in the area of information literacy may provide a solution to these educational challenges. Changing teaching methodology to prepare students for life‐long learning may be another solution. In this article, Rader defines various concepts. She offers suggestions and guidelines to help teacher‐librarian collaborations effectively educate students for the twenty‐first century.
Selective enrichment of a large size genomic DNA fragment by affinity capture: an approach for genome mapping (1990)

A method to enrich large size DNA fragments obtained by digestion with rare cutting restriction endonucleases was developed and applied for the isolation of a 150 kb SfiI fragment containing the beta-globin gene cluster. The digested DNA is rendered single stranded at the ends by diffusing a strand specific exonuclease into an agarose plug containing DNA. The plug is melted and solution hybridization is then performed with a bridge RNA containing specific sequences from the end of a desired fragment linked to a common probe sequence. The common probe sequence is annealed to a biotinylated RNA and the resulting tripartite hybrid is retained onto a solid matrix containing avidin and specifically released by ribonuclease action. Enrichments of greater than 350 fold have been achieved consistently. Such directed purification of large DNA fragments without cloning can considerably expedite mapping and gene localization in a complex genome and facilitate the construction of sublibraries from defined regions of the genome.
Segment α 182‐198 of Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor contains a second toxin‐binding region and binds anti‐receptor antibodies (1986)

The area around Cys-192 and Cys-193 is thought to be a functionally important part of the alpha-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor. We have synthesized peptide alpha 182-198 of the alpha-chain of the Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor and investigated the binding to the peptide of alpha-bungarotoxin, cobratoxin and antibodies raised against acetylcholine receptor. The results showed that the synthetic peptide alpha 182-198 contains a second toxin-binding region and also binds a considerable fraction of anti-receptor antibodies. We also report here the toxin-binding activity of synthetic peptide alpha 125-148 of the human acetylcholine receptor which has been previously localized as a toxin-binding region in the alpha-chain of the Torpedo receptor.
A Maltose-Binding Protein Fusion Construct Yields a Robust Crystallography Platform for MCL1 (2015)

Crystallization of a maltose-binding protein MCL1 fusion has yielded a robust crystallography platform that generated the first apo MCL1 crystal structure, as well as five ligandbound structures. The ability to obtain fragment-bound structures advances structurebased drug design efforts that, despite considerable effort, had previously been intractable by crystallography. In the ligand-independent crystal form we identify inhibitor binding modes not observed in earlier crystallographic systems. This MBP-MCL1 construct dramatically improves the structural understanding of well-validated MCL1 ligands, and will likely catalyze the structure-based optimization of high affinity MCL1 inhibitors.
Isolation and Characterization of a Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant Containing a Deletion within the Gene Encoding the Immediate Early Polypeptide Vmw110 (1986)

Transfection experiments with plasmids containing immediate early (IE) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have previously demonstrated a role for the IE polypeptide Vmw110 (ICP0) in stimulating expression from plasmid-encoded early gene promoters. To gain further insights into the function of Vmw110 we isolated a deletion mutant specifying a truncated form of the polypeptide which had been shown to be inactive in transfection assays. This mutant, dl1403, contained a 2 kb deletion within both the TRL and IRL copies of the Vmw110 gene, and encoded a polypeptide consisting of the original N-terminal 105 amino acids followed by 56 amino acids specified by a reading frame not used by Vmw110. dl1403 was able to replicate and produce plaques on baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells but the yield of infectious virus was 20- to 100-fold lower than obtained with wild-type HSV-1. Surprisingly, comparison of polypeptide synthesis, DNA replication and DNA encapsidation in cells infected with 5 p.f.u./cell dl1403 or wild-type HSV-1 revealed no significant differences. In addition similar numbers of particles were produced in cells infected with the two viruses, resulting in stocks of dl1403 exhibiting significantly higher particle/p.f.u. ratios. The efficiency of plaquing of dl1403 was greatly reduced in Vero and human foetal lung cells compared with BHK cells, but following infection with 5 p.f.u./cell similar yields of infectious virus were obtained from all three cell lines. Marker rescue experiments verified that the reduced yield of dl1403 in BHK cells was a consequence of the deletion within the Vmw110 gene. The results suggest that the effect of this deletion is manifest primarily at low multiplicities of infection and can be largely overcome by increasing the virus dose.
A New Approach to Geometry of Range Difference Location (1972)

Loran, as an example of a "hyperbolic" range difference location system, provides hyperbolic lines of position on which the target must lie. It is shown in this paper that lines of position need not be hyperbolic, i.e., an exact straight line of position on the plane or the surface of a sphere (where the solution is a great circle) is derived and computer-generated error maps are given.