gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Internet and the future of financial markets (2000)

article Free Access Share on The Internet and the future of financial markets Authors: Ming Fan Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, INView Profile , Jan Stallaert Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles Univ. of Southern California, Los AngelesView Profile , Andrew B. Whinston Univ. of Texas, Austin Univ. of Texas, AustinView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 43Issue 11Nov. 2000 pp 82–88https://doi.org/10.1145/353360.353368Published:01 November 2000Publication History 53citation2,837DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations53Total Downloads2,837Last 12 Months174Last 6 weeks25 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
High frequency microbubble-switched oscillations modulated by microfluidic transistors (2012)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Fanghao Yang, Xianming Dai, Chen Li; High frequency microbubble-switched oscillations modulated by microfluidic transistors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 13 August 2012; 101 (7): 073509. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4745782 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Comparison of the effects of tamoxifen and toremifene on liver and kidney tumor promotion in female rats (1995)

Female rats were subjected to a 70% partial hepatectomy and administered either diethylnitrosamine (10 mg/kg) or the solvent, trioctanoin. After a 2 day recovery from the surgery, the rats were placed on basal diet alone or containing phenobarbital (500 mg/kg diet), mestranol (0.2 mg/kg diet), tamoxifen (250 or 500 mg/kg diet) or toremifene (250, 500 or 750 mg/kg diet) for 6 or 18 months prior to killing. The liver and kidneys were prepared for pathological diagnoses. In addition, sections of liver from the 6 month killing were frozen and serially sectioned. The sections were stained for expression of the placental isozyme of glutathione S-transferase (GST), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), canalicular ATPase (ATP) and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6P) and scored by quantitative stereology for number and volume fraction of liver occupied by altered hepatic foci (AHF) with alterations in these markers individually and combined (ANY). Each of the agents increased the volume fraction of liver occupied by AHF when the ANY category was used. Statistical increases in both the GGT-positive and G6P-deficient AHF populations were observed in the spontaneously as well as DEN-initiated groups treated with tamoxifen or toremifene. After 18 months of administration, the highest concentration of tamoxifen increased the incidence of malignant hepatic neoplasms in non-DEN-initiated rats. Toremifene, at the highest tested dose, increased the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas in the DEN-initiated groups to a level one-third that observed with tamoxifen administration to DEN-initiated rats. Both tamoxifen and toremifene increased the incidence of hypernephromas in previously DEN-initiated rats. While both tamoxifen and toremifene are effective promoting agents for DEN-initiated lesions, tamoxifen is more potent than toremifene in the induction of rat hepatocarcinogenesis.
Extending Pummerer Reaction Chemistry. Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclic Oxindoles via Chiral Indole-2-sulfoxides (2006)

The conversion of (Ss)-3-(omega-allylsilane and silyl enol ether)indole-2-sulfoxides to spirocyclic indolenines and then to oxindoles proceeds, in favorable cases, with moderate levels of chirality transfer from sulfur to C3 of the indole core. A mechanistic model, which features either an Sn2'-like additive Pummerer sequence or a tight ion pair generated by an Sn1-like vinylogous Pummerer transform, is proposed to rationalize the sense of asymmetric induction.
[Emmetropization at cataract surgery. Looking for the best IOL power calculation formula according to the eye length]. (2003)

For small eyes (<22 mm) the Binkhorst-II and Hoffer Q formulas provided the best predictive results, whereas in long eyes (>28 mm) the SRK/T is the most accurate.
Characterization of Receptor Types for Neuropeptide Y and Related Peptides (1993)

The structurally related peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) are neuronal and/ or endocrine messengers that are involved in a variety of physiological processes. NPY and PYY are able to evoke potent biological effects as well as modulating responses to other transmitters. In many biological systems, NPY and PYY, but not PP seem to activate the same receptors. Because of the wide distribution of NPY in the central and peripheral nervous system compared to that of PYY, many of these actions have been attributed to NPY.
Average case analysis of the Boyer‐Moore algorithm (2005)

Abstract Limit theorems (including a Berry‐Esseen bound) are derived for the number of comparisons taken by the Boyer‐Moore algorithm for finding the occurrences of a given pattern in a random text. Previously, only special variants of this algorithm have been analyzed. We also propose a means of computing the limiting constants for the mean and the variance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2006.
Cytokine Serum Level During Severe Sepsis in Human IL-6 as a Marker of Severity (1992)

Forty critically ill surgical patients with documented infections were studied during their stay in an intensive care unit. Among these patients, 19 developed septic shock and 16 died, 9 of them from septic shock. Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured each day and every 1 or 2 hours when septic shock occurred. Although IL-1 beta was never found, TNF alpha was most often observed in the serum at a level under 100 pg/mL except during septic shock. During these acute episodes TNF alpha level reached several hundred pg/mL, but only for a few hours. In contrast, IL-6 was always increased in the serum of acutely ill patients (peak to 500,000 pg/mL). There was a direct correlation between IL-6 peak serum level and TNF alpha peak serum level during septic shock and between IL-6 serum level and temperature or C-reactive protein serum level. Moreover, IL-6 correlated well with APACHE II score, and the mortality rate increased significantly in the group of patients who presented with IL-6 serum level above 1000 pg/mL. Thus, IL-6 appears to be a good marker of severity during bacterial infection.
A sensitive method for the identification of uncharacterized viruses related to known virus groups: hepadnavirus model system. (1988)

Amino acid sequence similarity of the reverse transcriptases encoded by retroviruses and hepadnaviruses was first reported by Toh, H., Hayashida, H. & Miyata, T. (1983) Nature (London) 305, 827-829. The regions of similarity extend over a small number of amino acids and require the introduction of gaps through the open reading frame. By using an octapeptide region as the sole criterion for "taxonomic" classification, we have grouped the oncoviruses into two distinct categories and the lentiviruses and hepadnaviruses into two additional groupings. This classification suggests that murine and feline leukemia viruses may be more closely related to the viruses that are associated with leukemia in primates and cattle than had been appreciated. We have exploited a portion of this region because of the minimal translational codon degeneracy of the conserved residues. Unique oligonucleotides from this region have been designed and used in the primer-directed in vitro DNA amplification of the hepadnaviruses as a model system. In addition, mixtures of oligonucleotides with various sequences but of the same length were demonstrated to be efficient primers. The amplification procedure enabled dramatic increases in sensitivity and coincident detection of mammalian and avian genomes. This approach will be a valuable tool to detect and characterize members of viral groups. In addition, since short stretches of similarity have been frequently identified in related but distinct genes, such an approach could prove a valuable asset to molecular studies in general.
Multiplane wave imaging increases signal-to-noise ratio in ultrafast ultrasound imaging (2015)

Ultrafast imaging using plane or diverging waves has recently enabled new ultrasound imaging modes with improved sensitivity and very high frame rates. Some of these new imaging modalities include shear wave elastography, ultrafast Doppler, ultrafast contrast-enhanced imaging and functional ultrasound imaging. Even though ultrafast imaging already encounters clinical success, increasing even more its penetration depth and signal-to-noise ratio for dedicated applications would be valuable. Ultrafast imaging relies on the coherent compounding of backscattered echoes resulting from successive tilted plane waves emissions; this produces high-resolution ultrasound images with a trade-off between final frame rate, contrast and resolution. In this work, we introduce multiplane wave imaging, a new method that strongly improves ultrafast images signal-to-noise ratio by virtually increasing the emission signal amplitude without compromising the frame rate. This method relies on the successive transmissions of multiple plane waves with differently coded amplitudes and emission angles in a single transmit event. Data from each single plane wave of increased amplitude can then be obtained, by recombining the received data of successive events with the proper coefficients. The benefits of multiplane wave for B-mode, shear wave elastography and ultrafast Doppler imaging are experimentally demonstrated. Multiplane wave with 4 plane waves emissions yields a 5.8 ± 0.5 dB increase in signal-to-noise ratio and approximately 10 mm in penetration in a calibrated ultrasound phantom (0.7 d MHz(-1) cm(-1)). In shear wave elastography, the same multiplane wave configuration yields a 2.07 ± 0.05 fold reduction of the particle velocity standard deviation and a two-fold reduction of the shear wave velocity maps standard deviation. In functional ultrasound imaging, the mapping of cerebral blood volume results in a 3 to 6 dB increase of the contrast-to-noise ratio in deep structures of the rodent brain.
A Large Scale Structural Analysis of cDNAs in a Unicellular Green Alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. I. Generation of 3433 Non-redundant Expressed Sequence Tags (1999)

To understand genetic information carried in a unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, normalized and size-selected cDNA libraries were constructed from cells at photoautotrophic growth, and a total of 11,571 5'-end sequence tags were established. These sequences were grouped into 3433 independent EST species. Similarity search against the public non-redundant protein database indicated that 817 groups showed significant similarity to registered sequences, of which 140 were of previously identified C. reinhardtii genes, but the remaining 2616 species were novel sequences. The coverage of full-length protein coding regions was estimated to be over 60%. These cDNA clones and EST sequence information will provide a powerful source for the future genome-wide functional analysis of uncharacterized genes.
Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding the human carcinoembryonic antigen reveal a highly conserved repeating structure. (1987)

For the isolation of cDNA clones encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), we have constructed a cDNA library from human colon tumor mRNA. The library was screened with various oligonucleotides whose sequence had been deduced from partial amino acid sequence data for CEA. Positive candidate clones were hybridized with a probe for repetitive DNA, because CEA mRNA contains an Alu repetitive element, and with a fragment of a genomic clone of nonspecific cross-reacting antigen, an antigen closely related to CEA. Here we report the nucleotide sequence of the two overlapping CEA cDNA clones comprising 1422 nucleotides of CEA mRNA. This sequence encodes the 372 COOH-terminal amino acids of CEA followed by 305 nucleotides of 3' untranslated sequence containing a truncated Alu repeat. The predicted protein sequence is composed of two repeats comprising 178 amino acids, each with an exceptionally high homology of 67%. Each repeat unit contains four conserved cysteine residues and six to nine putative N-glycosylation sites. CEA mRNA is most strongly expressed in primary colon tumors and, to a lesser extent, in normal colonic tissue. No CEA mRNA is found in HeLa cells and normal human fibroblasts.
Inhibition of thrombin generation by the zymogen factor VII: implications for the treatment of hemophilia A by factor VIIa (2000)

Factor VII circulates as a single chain inactive zymogen (10 nmol/L) and a trace ( approximately 10-100 pmol/L) circulates as the 2-chain form, factor VIIa. Factor VII and factor VIIa were studied in a coagulation model using plasma concentrations of purified coagulation factors with reactions initiated with relipidated tissue factor (TF). Factor VII (10 nmol/L) extended the lag phase of thrombin generation initiated by 100 pmol/L factor VIIa and low TF. With the coagulation inhibitors TFPI and AT-III present, factor VII both extended the lag phase of the reaction and depressed the rate of thrombin generation. The inhibition of factor Xa generation by factor VII is consistent with its competition with factor VIIa for TF. Thrombin generation with TF concentrations >100 pmol/L was not inhibited by factor VII. At low tissue factor concentrations (<25 pmol/L) thrombin generation becomes sensitive to the absence of factor VIII. In the absence of factor VIII, factor VII significantly inhibits TF-initiated thrombin generation by 100 pmol/L factor VIIa. In this hemophilia A model, approximately 2 nmol/L factor VIIa is needed to overcome the inhibition of physiologic (10 nmol/L) factor VII. At 10 nmol/L, factor VIIa provided a thrombin generation response in the hemophilia model (0% factor VIII, 10 nmol/L factor VII) equivalent to that observed with normal plasma, (100% factor VIII, 10 nmol/L factor VII, 100 pmol/L factor VIIa). These results suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of factor VIIa in the medical treatment of hemophiliacs with inhibitors is, in part, based on overcoming the factor VII inhibitory effect. (Blood. 2000;95:1330-1335)
Concentration-effect relationship of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabiol and prediction of psychotropic effects after smoking marijuana. (1997)

On the basis of a publication by Cochetto et al. [1981] we performed simulations of the effect-time course (high-rating) after smoking marijuana. The intention was to characterize the concentration-effect relationship of THC and to provide information on how long psychotropic effects (and therefore impairment of cognitive or motoric functions) last after intake of a cannabinoid product. The parameter estimates (+/-SD) of the pharmacokinetic disposition and the pharmacodynamic model (sigmoidal Emax model) after smoking 1 marijuana cigarette containing 9 mg THC were as follows: T/2 alpha = 5 minutes (+/-1.2), T/2 beta = 75 minutes (+/-23), Teq (equilibrium half-life with the effect site) = 29 minutes. (+/-2), ECe50 = 7.2 ng/ml THC (+/-0.5), E0 (baseline high rating) = 18% (+/-2.0), Emax (amplitude of the high rating) = 23% (+/-2.5), Hill coefficient = 9.0 (+/-3.0). On the basis of this curve fit, the effect-time course after repeated smoking (5 joints) in different intervals (120, 60, and 30 minutes) and for different dose strengths 9 mg (standard joint), 3 mg (weak joint) and 1 mg (agricultural hemp) were simulated. The duration of the effect after 1 dose of 9 mg is about 45 minutes. After the last cigarette, recovery (decline < 50% Emax) will last about 100 minutes. A dosing interval of 1 h leads to a continuous "high", and recovery will last about 150 minutes after the last joint. Smoking the weak dose strength (3 mg) every hour will result in a short plateau of the maximal effect (about 20 minutes) and a decline after the last joint within 1 h. Only repeated smoking every 30 minutes will lead to a prolonged plateau phase with a recovery time of about 80 minutes. Using hemp with a low THC content (1 mg), dosing intervals of 2 h and 1 h will not provoke a psychotropic response due to THC. Smoking every 30 minutes will probably lead to a short-term moderate response. In conclusion, our simulations show that dose and dosing interval are determinants of the duration of the psychotropic effects of THC. These simulations may be beneficial for the interpretation of THC levels, e.g. associated with accidents or traffic violations. Furthermore, misuse of natural hemp with a low THC content seems unlikely.
Photoinduced Charge Transfer across the Interface between Organic Molecular Crystals and Polymers (2005)

Photoinduced charge transfer of positive and negative charges across the interface between a single-crystal organic semiconductor and a polymeric insulator is observed in electric field-effect experiments. Immobilization of the transferred charge by deep traps in the polymer results in a shift of the threshold of field-induced conductivity along the semiconductor-polymer interface, which allows for direct measurements of the charge transfer rate. The transfer occurs when the photon energy exceeds the absorption edge of the semiconductor. The direction of the transverse electric field at the interface determines the sign of the transferred charge; the transfer rate is controlled by the field magnitude and light intensity.
Osteopontin, a Novel Substrate for Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 (Stromelysin-1) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 (Matrilysin) (2001)

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted phosphoprotein shown to function in wound healing, inflammation, and tumor progression. Expression of OPN is often co-localized with members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. We report that OPN is a novel substrate for two MMPs, MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) and MMP-7 (matrilysin). Three cleavage sites were identified for MMP-3 in human OPN, and two of those sites were also cleaved by MMP-7. These include hydrolysis of the human Gly166-Leu167, Ala201-Tyr202 (MMP-3 only), and Asp210-Leu211 peptide bonds. Only the N-terminal Gly-Leu cleavage site is conserved in rat OPN (Gly151-Leu152). These sites are distinct from previously reported cleavage sites in OPN for the proteases thrombin or enterokinase. We found evidence for the predicted MMP cleavage fragments of OPN in vitro in tumor cell lines, and in vivo in remodeling tissues such as the postpartum uterus, where OPN and MMPs are co-expressed. Furthermore, cleavage of OPN by MMP-3 or MMP-7 potentiated the function of OPN as an adhesive and migratory stimulus in vitro through cell surface integrins. We predict that interaction of MMPs with OPN at tumor and wound healing sites in vivo may be a mechanism of regulation of OPN bioactivity.
ChemInform Abstract: The Mild Cleavage of 2‐Amino‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucoside Methoxycarbonyl Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 2021: ONO-WG-307, a novel, potent and selective inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), results in sustained inhibition of the ERK, AKT and PKD signaling pathways (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Btk is a key regulator of B cell receptors (BCR) which play a central role in signal transduction pathways regulating survival, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of B-lineage lymphoid cells. BCR signaling is implicated in the survival of malignant B cells and recent studies indicate that targeting Btk may be effective in the treatment of B-cell lymphoma. Response between cell survival and BCR signaling is implicated in different types of B-cell lymphoma. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of ONO-WG-307 on Btk-dependent signal transduction by large-scale and quantitative phosphoproteome analysis to a depth of more than 10,000 phosphorylation sites. Methods: Two tumor cell lines (sensitive and non-sensitive) were treated with ONO-WG-307. After 72h, cell viability was determined by the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. P-Btk was used as a marker for Btk activity determined by Western blot and Flow Cytometry. Quantitative phosphoproteomics were enabled by differential SILAC labeling of lymphoma cells. After 1 hr incubation with ONO-WG-307, the total cellular proteins were digested and phosphopeptides were enriched by a combination of strong cation exchange and immobilized metal affinity chromatography. Site-specific phosphorylations were identified and by LC-MS analysis on a LTQ-Orbitrap-Velos mass spectrometer followed by bioinformatic processing. Results: Btk is potently and selectively inhibited by ONO-WG-307 in an in vitro Btk kinase assay, with an IC50 in the subnanomolar range whereas IC50 values for other tyrosine kinases (Lck, Lyn and Fyn) were above 1 µM. The concentration required for growth inhibition for the sensitive cells was 3.59 nmol/L (IC50), whereas considerably higher concentrations were required to suppress growth of non-sensitive cells. Surprisingly, inhibition of cellular Btk and ERK phosphorylation by ONO-WG-307 levels of P-Btk and P-ERK were similar in both sensitive and non-sensitive cells. However, our quantitative phosphoproteome studies revealed selective suppression of Akt-mediated signaling and cellular protein kinase D activity in sensitive compared to non-sensitive cells.Conclusion: These results suggest that the selective ONO-WG-307 inhibition of “responder” cell growth might be due to a critical role of Btk-mediated signaling through Akt and protein kinase D. These data shed new light on the cellular mode-of-action of Btk inhibition and support the potential clinical utility of ONO-WG-307 in B cell malignancies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2021. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2021