gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tailoring of Sol−Gel Films for Optical Sensing of Oxygen in Gas and Aqueous Phase (1998)

Sol-gel-based optical sensors for both gas-phase and dissolved oxygen have been developed. Both sensors operate on the principle of fluorescence quenching of a ruthenium complex which has been entrapped in a porous sol-gel silica film. A comprehensive investigation was carried out in order to establish optimal film-processing parameters for the two sensing environments. Both tetraethoxysilane and organically modified sol-gel precursors such as methyltriethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane were used. Film hydrophobicity increases as a function of modified precursor content, and this was correlated with enhanced dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor performance. Extending the aliphatic group of the modified precursor further improved DO sensitivity. The influence of water/precursor molar ratio, R, on the sol-gel film microstructure was investigated. R value tailoring of the microstructure and film surface hydrophobicity tailoring were correlated with oxygen diffusion behavior in the films via the Stern-Volmer constants for both gas phase and DO sensing. Excellent performance characteristics were measured for both gas-phase and DO oxygen sensors. The long-term quenching stability of DO sensing films was established over a period of 6 months.
External fibre Fabry–Perot acoustic sensor based on a photonic-crystal mirror (2007)

We demonstrate an acoustic sensor based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer formed by a single-mode fibre and an external silicon photonic-crystal mirror. Measurements in air indicate that this sensor has a relatively uniform frequency response up to at least 50 kHz, and detects pressures as low as 18 μPa Hz−1/2. This limit is four orders of magnitude lower than in similar types of acoustic fibre sensors. The sensor response agrees with mechanical calculations to within a few dB. We predict that this sensor has the potential to detect pressures as low as 600 nPa Hz−1/2, corresponding to the ambient thermal noise level in air at room temperature.
DNase γ, DNase I and caspase‐activated DNase cooperate to degrade dead cells (2016)

Serum endonucleases are essential for degrading the chromatin released from dead cells and preventing autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Serum DNase I is known as the major endonuclease, but recently, another endonuclease, DNase γ/DNase I-like 3, gained attention. However, the precise role of each endonuclease, especially that of DNase γ, remains unclear. In this study, we distinguished the activities of DNase γ from those of DNase I in mouse serum and concluded that both cooperated in degrading DNA during necrosis: DNase γ functions as the primary chromatolytic activity, causing internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and DNase I as the secondary one, causing random DNA digestion for its complete degradation. These results were confirmed by two in vivo experimental mouse models, in which necrosis was induced, acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury and streptozotocin-induced β-cell necrosis models. We also determined that DNase γ functions as a backup endonuclease for caspase-activated DNase (CAD) in the secondary necrosis phase after γ-ray-induced apoptosis in vivo.
Elevated Levels of Glucose Transport and Transporter Messenger RNA Are Induced by ras or src Oncogenes (1987)

An accelerated rate of glucose transport is among the most characteristic biochemical markers of cellular transformation. To study the molecular mechanism by which transporter activity is altered, cultured rodent fibroblasts transfected with activated myc, ras, or src oncogenes were used. In myc-transfected cells, the rate of 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake was unchanged. However, in cells transfected with activated ras and src oncogenes, the rate of glucose uptake was markedly increased. The increased transport rate in ras- and src-transfected cells was paralleled by a marked increase in the amount of glucose transporter protein, as assessed by immunoblots, as well as by a markedly increased abundance of glucose transporter messenger RNA. Exposure of control cells to the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 18 hours had a similar effect of increasing the rate of glucose transport and the abundance of transporter messenger RNA. For ras, src, and TPA, the predominant mechanism responsible for activation of the transport system is increased expression of the structural gene encoding the glucose transport protein.
Design of a 4-helix bundle protein: synthesis of peptides which self-associate into a helical protein (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of a 4-helix bundle protein: synthesis of peptides which self-associate into a helical proteinSiew Peng Ho and William F. DeGradoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 22, 6751–6758Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00256a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00256a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1214Altmetric-Citations261LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coronary Angioplasty with or without Stent Implantation for Acute Myocardial Infarction (1999)

In patients with acute myocardial infarction, routine implantation of a stent has clinical benefits beyond those of primary coronary angioplasty alone.
Superquenching in Cyanine Pendant Poly(l-lysine) Dyes:  Dependence on Molecular Weight, Solvent, and Aggregation (2001)

A series of poly(L-lysines) ranging in number of repeat units (N(PRU)) from 6 to 900 has been synthesized and the photophysics of the series and monomer cyanine dye have been studied in solution. In water or aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide, the oligomers and polymers exhibit high sensitivity to fluorescence quenching by oppositely charged electron acceptors; in this study, 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate was used as a quencher for the cationic fluorescent polyelectrolytes. Quenching constants (K(SV)) measured in 50:50 (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide-water increase monotonically with increase in N(PRU) ranging from 630 M(-1) for monomer to 1.2 x 10(9) M(-1) for dilute solutions of the polymer having N(PRU) approximately 900. The polymers having N(PRU) > 100 exhibit predominantly J-aggregate absorption and fluorescence and enhanced susceptibility to quenching. For the polymers exhibiting strong J-aggregation, the effective exciton domain quenched by a single quencher reaches approximately 100 PRU. The results of this study permit a semiquantitative analysis of superquenching of fluorescent polyelectrolytes in solution and the factors that control it.
The Brichos Domain-containing C-terminal Part of Pro-surfactant Protein C Binds to an Unfolded Poly-Val Transmembrane Segment (2006)

Native lung surfactant protein C (SP-C) is a 4.2-kDa acylpeptide that associates with alveolar surfactant phospholipids via a transmembrane alpha-helix. This helix contains mainly Val, although poly-Val is inefficient in helix formation, and helical SP-C can spontaneously convert to beta-sheet aggregates and amyloid-like fibrils. SP-C is cleaved out from a 21-kDa integral membrane protein, proSP-C, in the alveolar type II cell. Recently several mutations localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-lumenal (C-terminal) part of proSP-C (CTproSP-C) have been associated with intracellular accumulation of toxic forms of proSP-C, low levels of mature SP-C, and development of interstitial lung disease. CTproSP-C contains a approximately 100-residue Brichos domain of unknown function that is also found in other membrane proteins associated with amyloid formation, dementia, and cancer. Here we find that recombinant CTproSP-C binds lipid-associated SP-C, which is in beta-strand conformation, and that this interaction results in an increased helical content. In contrast, CTproSP-C does not bind alpha-helical SP-C. Recombinant CTproSP-C(L188Q), a mutation associated with interstitial lung disease, shows secondary and quaternary structures similar to those of wild type CTproSP-C but is unable to bind lipid-associated beta-strand SP-C. Transfection of CTproSP-C into HEK293 cells that express proSP-C(L188Q) increases the amount of proSP-C protein, whereas no effect is seen on cells expressing wild type proSP-C. These findings suggest that CTproSP-C binds nonhelical SP-C and thereby prevents beta-sheet aggregation and that mutations in CTproSP-C can interfere with this function.
"Of Law and the River," and of Nihilism and Academic Freedom (1985)

Correspondence provoked by the publication of Dean Paul D. Carrington's article, "Of Law and the River," 34 J. Legal Educ. 222 (1984).
[The use of p53 as a tool for human cancer therapy]. (2008)

The p53 tumor suppressor is a central component of a system that reinforces genetic stability of somatic cells in animals and humans. Inactivation of this gene occurs virtually in every cancer case, which eliminates results in further rapid accumulation of additional mutations leading to progression of a cancer cell toward more malignant phenotype. The mechanisms of p53 inhibition in cancer include point mutations leading to accumulation of inactive protein, deletion of the whole gene, or its portion, alteration in the genes involved in regulation of activity of p53, and defects in the genes controlled by p53. In addition, oncogenic viruses encode specialized proteins that are entitled to modify p53 functions in order to provide optimal condition for replication of viral genome. These viral proteins play central role in viral carcinogenesis, including 95% of cases of cervical carcinoma in women. The approacheas to restoration of p53 activity depend on particular type of alteration within the p53 pathway. In some cases an effective mean would be introduction of exogenous p53, particularly with the use of adenoviral vectors. There are also approaches in development that target reactivation of mutant proteins, or suppress natural inhibitors of p53. The review summarizes various schemes for therapy and prevention of cancer that are based on our knowledge of the p53 gene functions. Potential usefulness of the approaches for practical applications is discussed.
Ion Gels by Self-Assembly of a Triblock Copolymer in an Ionic Liquid (2006)

We report a new way of developing ion gels through the self-assembly of a triblock copolymer in a room-temperature ionic liquid. Transparent ion gels were achieved by gelation of a poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide-block-styrene) (SOS) triblock copolymer in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) with as low as 5 wt % SOS triblock copolymer. The gelation behavior, ionic conductivity, rheological properties, and microstructure of the ion gels were investigated. The ionic conductivity of the ion gels is only modestly affected by the triblock copolymer network. Its temperature dependence nearly tracks that of the bulk ionic liquid viscosity. The ion gels are thermally stable up to at least 100 degrees C and possess significant mechanical strength. The results presented here suggest that triblock copolymer gelation is a promising way to develop highly conductive ion gels and provides many advantages in terms of variety and processing.
A 4-Mbit CMOS SRAM with 8-ns serial-access time (1990)

An 8-ns serial access time has been realized in a 4-Mb static RAM with newly proposed circuits (hierarchical shift registers and look-ahead circuits) which can access up to 4 Mb. This memory realizes a 125-MHz fast serial READ/WRITE operation suitable for ultra-high-speed memory systems such as image-processing systems, high-speed testing systems, and supercomputers. This function is also beneficial for reducing the testing time of the RAM
Ruthenium Photocatalysts Capable of Reversibly Storing up to Four Electrons in a Single Acceptor Ligand: A Step Closer to Artificial Photosynthesis (2002)

Reversible storage of up to two or four electrons is possible in complexes P and Q, respectively, upon irradiation with visible light in the presence of triethylamine. This ability could lead to photocatalysts capable of concerted multielectron reduction of important substrates.
TAT Peptide Internalization: Seeking the Mechanism of Entry (2003)

During the last decade several peptides have been extensively studied for their ability to translocate across the plasma membrane. These peptides have been called "cell penetrating peptides" (CPP) or "protein transduction domains" (PTD). These peptides also promote the cellular uptake of various cargo molecules. Their mechanism of cellular entry appeared very intriguing since most publications in the field highlighted an energy-independent process. Indeed, cellular uptake of these peptides was still observed by fluorescence microscopy at low temperature or in the presence of several drugs known to inhibit active transport. In addition, internalization was reported to be much faster than known endocytic processes. However the involvement of a specific cellular component responsible for this uptake process appeared unlikely following intensive structure activity relationship studies using a wide panel of Tat analogues. Several reports about a possible artefactual redistribution of CPPs, and their associated cargos, during the cell fixation step commonly used for fluorescence microscopy have recently emerged in the literature. Moreover strong ionic interactions of CPPs with the cell surface also led to an overestimation of the recorded cell-associated fluorescent signal. It now seems well established that arginine-rich peptides are internalized by an energy dependent process involving endocytosis. Whatever the case, however, an increasing number of data indicate that the conjugation of non-permeant molecules to these CPPs allows their cellular uptake and leads to the expected biological responses, thus pointing to the interest of this delivery strategy. However, initial structure activity relationship studies of these CPPs will have to be reconsidered and the relative potency of each peptide (and their analogues) to vectorize the cargos to their most appropriate subcellular compartment will require careful re-evaluation.
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the .beta. subunit of human casein kinase II (1989)

Previous studies [Summercorn et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 8834-8838; Klarlung & Czech (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 15872-15875] have indicated that Balb/c 3T3 cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes incubated with insulin show increased casein kinase II activity within minutes, implicating this serine/threonine kinase as an early step in an insulin signaling pathway. We recently reported the isolation of a cDNA encoding an alpha subunit of human casein kinase II [Meisner et al. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 4072-4076] as an initial step toward examining the regulation of this enzyme. We now describe a HepG2 cell casein kinase II beta subunit cDNA of 2.57 kb containing 96 bases of 5' untranslated sequence, 645 bases of open reading frame, and 1832 bases of 3' untranslated sequence with two polyadenylation consensus signal sequences and two poly(A) stretches. The open reading frame of the human beta subunit cDNA was 77% and 87% identical with the Drosophila sequence at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, and 99% identical with the bovine amino acid sequence. RNA analysis of HepG2 cell RNA utilizing HepG2 beta subunit cDNA fragments as probes revealed one major band migrating at 1.2 kb and two minor bands migrating at 3.0 and 4.2 kb. Results from DNA analysis of HepG2 genomic DNA, consistent with results utilizing Drosophila genomic DNA, suggest the presence of a single gene for the beta subunit of casein kinase II.
A unique and highly facile method for synthesising disulfide linked neoglycoconjugates: a new approach for remodelling of peptides and proteins (1998)

An asymmetric disulfide linkage, formed by conjugation of a 5-nitropyridine-2-sulfenyl activated thioglycoside and a protein or pre-assembled peptide sequence, represents a good structural mimic of natural asparagine glycosylation.
Smooth and flat phase-locked Kerr frequency comb generation by higher order mode suppression (2016)

High-Q microresonator is perceived as a promising platform for optical frequency comb generation, via dissipative soliton formation. In order to achieve a higher quality factor and obtain the necessary anomalous dispersion, multi-mode waveguides were previously implemented in Si3N4 microresonators. However, coupling between different transverse mode families in multi-mode waveguides results in periodic disruption of dispersion and quality factor, and consequently causes perturbation to dissipative soliton formation and amplitude modulation to the corresponding spectrum. Careful choice of pump wavelength to avoid the mode crossing region is thus critical in conventional Si3N4 microresonators. Here, we report a novel design of Si3N4 microresonator in which single-mode operation, high quality factor, and anomalous dispersion are attained simultaneously. The novel microresonator is consisted of uniform single-mode waveguides in the semi-circle region, to eliminate bending induced mode coupling, and adiabatically tapered waveguides in the straight region, to avoid excitation of higher order modes. The intrinsic quality factor of the microresonator reaches 1.36 × 10(6) while the group velocity dispersion remains to be anomalous at -50 fs(2)/mm. With this novel microresonator, we demonstrate that broadband phase-locked Kerr frequency combs with flat and smooth spectra can be generated by pumping at any resonances in the optical C-band.
Fast Three‐dimensional Numerical Hemolysis Approximation (2004)

The in vivo implantation of a mechanical device contributes to hemodynamic disturbances, which are responsible for damage to the membranes of red blood cells that in turn can lead to their rupture (hemolysis). It is important to ascertain at the design stage of such mechanical devices that they are innocuous to blood. Because there is no in vivo hemolysis index, we concentrated our efforts on the in vitro hemolysis index of the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) standard. We present in this work a framework for minimizing medical device-induced hemolysis by the development of a numerical method for predicting hemolysis similar to that used in in vitro experiments. The method is based on a novel interpretation of the Giersiepen-Wurzinger blood damage correlation that replaces the computation of blood damage along the streamline by a volume integration of a damage function over the computational domain. We assess the behavior and accuracy of this methodology with 3D examples.
Investigation of the Electric Field in TiO2/FTO Junctions Used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Photocurrent Transients (2005)

We have investigated the electrostatic potential distribution in compact and nanoporous TiO2 films, deposited on conducting F-doped SnO2 substrate (FTO), which are used in dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 films were immersed into aqueous electrolyte and excited from the FTO side by light pulses of a N2 laser while the current response was measured as a function of time. The measurements were carried out as a function of the pH value of the electrolyte and at different electrostatic potentials. For compact TiO2 films, the sign of the transient current at short response times changed when the applied electrostatic potential or the pH value was decreased. This was not observed for mesoporous TiO2 films directly deposited onto the FTO substrate without a compact TiO2 layer. We interpret the results in terms of a macroscopic electric field across the compact layer which is changed by the applied potential or the pH of the electrolyte. In contrast, measurements on mesoporous TiO2 films indicate that the contact region is mainly field-free, and we explain our results by a very sharp electrostatic potential drop within the first layer of particles at the TiO2/FTO interface.
Pulsed carbon dioxide laser ablation of burned skin: In vitro and in vivo analysis (1990)

Pulsed lasers produce efficient and precise tissue ablation with limited residual thermal damage. In this study, the efficiency of pulsed CO2 laser ablation of burned and normal swine skin was studied in vitro with a mass loss technique. The heats of ablation for normal and burned skin were 2,706 and 2,416 J/cm3 of tissue ablated, respectively. The mean threshold radiant exposures for ablating normal skin and eschar were 2.6 J/cm2 and 3.0 J/cm2, respectively. Radiant exposures greater than 19 J/cm2 produced a plasma, which decreased the efficiency of laser ablation. Thus the radiant exposures for efficient ablation range from 4 to 19 J/cm2, and within this radiant exposure range 20-40 microns of tissue are ablated per pulse. We also examined, on a gross and histopathologic basis, in vivo burn eschar excision with a pulsed CO2 laser. The laser allowed bloodless excisions of full thickness burns on the backs of male hairless rats. The zone of thermal damage was approximately 85 microns over the subjacent fascia. The pulsed CO2 laser can ablate burn eschar efficiently, precisely, and bloodlessly and may prove valuable for the excision of burned and necrotic tissue.
An Increase in Apparent Affinity for Sucrose of Mung Bean Sucrose Synthase Is Caused by In Vitro Phosphorylation or Directed Mutagenesis of Ser11 (1998)

A mutational analysis of mung bean (Vigna radiata Wilczek) sucrose synthase was performed by site-directed mutagenesis of the recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli, in which two different acidic amino acid residues (Asp or Glu) were introduced at Ser11 (S11D, S11E). Only the wild-type enzyme (Ser11) was phosphorylated in vitro by a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase from soybean root nodules, suggesting that this is the specific target residue in mung bean sucrose synthase. The apparent affinity for sucrose was increased in this phosphorylated enzyme and also in the S11D and S11E mutant enzymes, although the affinities for UDP-glucose and fructose were similar in the wild-type, phosphorylated wild-type, and mutant enzymes. These results suggest that a monoanionic (1-) side chain at position 11 mimics the Ser11-P2- residue to bind and cleave sucrose for the synthesis of UDP-glucose. Since the S11E mutant enzyme showed the lowest K(m) (sucrose) and the highest catalytic efficiency of the recombinant proteins, the enzymic properties of this S11E mutant were further characterized. The results showed that replacement of Ser11 with Glu11 modestly protected the sucrose synthesis activity against phenolic glycosides and altered the enzyme nucleotide specificity. We postulate that the introduction of negative charge at Ser11 is possibly involved in the enzymatic perturbation of sucrose synthase.