gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct Domains of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase tyk2 Required for Binding of Interferon-α/β and for Signal Transduction (1995)

tyk2 belongs to the JAK family of nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases recently found implicated in signaling through a large number of cytokine receptors. These proteins are characterized by a large amino-terminal region and two tandemly arranged kinase domains, a kinase-like and a tyrosine kinase domain. Genetic and biochemical evidence supports the requirement for tyk2 in interferon-alpha/beta binding and signaling. To study the role of the distinct domains of tyk2, constructs lacking one or both kinase domains were stably transfected in recipient cells lacking the endogenous protein. Removal of either or both kinase domains resulted in loss of the in vitro kinase activity. The mutant form truncated of the tyrosine kinase domain was found to reconstitute binding of interferon-alpha 8 and partial signaling. While no contribution of this protein toward interferon-beta binding was evident, increased signaling could be measured. The mutant form lacking both kinase domains did not exhibit any detectable activity. Altogether, these results show that a sequential deletion of domains engenders a sequential loss of function and that the different domains of tyk2 have distinct functions, all essential for full interferon-alpha and -beta binding and signaling.
Regioselective polymerization of 3-(4-octylphenyl)thiophene with FeCl3 (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective polymerization of 3-(4-octylphenyl)thiophene with FeCl3M. R. Andersson, D. Selse, M. Berggren, H. Jaervinen, T. Hjertberg, O. Inganaes, O. Wennerstroem, and J.-E. OesterholmCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 22, 6503–6506Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00100a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00100a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2269Altmetric-Citations197LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Artefacts in CBCT: a review (2011)

Artefacts are common in today's cone beam CT (CBCT). They are induced by discrepancies between the mathematical modelling and the actual physical imaging process. Since artefacts may interfere with the diagnostic process performed on CBCT data sets, every user should be aware of their presence. This article aims to discuss the most prominent artefacts identified in the scientific literature and review the existing knowledge on these artefacts. We also briefly review the basic three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction concept applied by today's CBCT scanners, as all artefacts are more or less directly related to it.
Requirement for Caspase-2 in Stress-Induced Apoptosis Before Mitochondrial Permeabilization (2002)

A current view is that cytotoxic stress, such as DNA damage, induces apoptosis by regulating the permeability of mitochondria. Mitochondria sequester several proteins that, if released, kill by activating caspases, the proteases that disassemble the cell. Cytokines activate caspases in a different way, by assembling receptor complexes that activate caspases directly; in this case, the subsequent mitochondrial permeabilization accelerates cell disassembly by amplifying caspase activity. We found that cytotoxic stress causes activation of caspase-2, and that this caspase is required for the permeabilization of mitochondria. Therefore, we argue that cytokine-induced and stress-induced apoptosis act through conceptually similar pathways in which mitochondria are amplifiers of caspase activity rather than initiators of caspase activation.
Robust antibody and CD8+ T-cell responses induced by P. falciparum CSP adsorbed to cationic liposomal adjuvant CAF09 confer sterilizing immunity against experimental rodent malaria infection (2017)

Despite several decades of extensive research, the development of a highly efficacious malaria vaccine has yet to be accomplished. While the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate shows the potential to prevent a substantial number of clinical malaria cases, significant improvements in protective efficacy are still needed. Multiple studies have shown that RTS,S induces protective antibody and CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses, but limited or negligible CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective capacity of full-length recombinant <i>P. falciparum</i> circumsporozoite protein (CSP) administered with the novel cationic liposomal adjuvant system CAF09. Using newly developed transgenic rodent malaria parasites expressing the full-length <i>P. falciparum</i> CSP, we demonstrate that this liposome-based protein-in-adjuvant formulation is capable of inducing robust antibody and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses that strongly inhibit parasite infection and development of liver stages, conferring durable sterilizing immunity. These findings underscore the potential of liposome-based adjuvants for inducing robust humoral and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses and warrant further studies toward the development of novel subunit vaccine formulations with this adjuvant system.
Changes in Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Concentration in Patients with Trauma and Sepsis (1996)

These results suggest that G-CSF plays an important role in the maturation and maintenance of function of neutrophils during the inflammatory response to trauma and sepsis.
Optical Activation of Er3+ Implanted in Silicon by Oxygen Impurities (1990)

Luminescence spectra and SIMS measurements of Er-doped silicon are presented in this paper. Luminescence was found to be stronger in Czochralski-grown Si crystals, known to contain up to 10 18 cm -3 of oxygen center. Direct role played by oxygen impurities in the optical activation of the 1.54 µm luminescence was demonstrated by implanting oxygen into Er implanted layers in silicon at concentrations comparable to those of Er. Possible mechanisms of enhancement of photoluminescence are discussed.
Nucleophosmin Interacts with and Inhibits the Catalytic Function of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 Kinase PKR (2003)

In normal cells the protein kinase PKR effects apoptosis in response to various extra and intracellular cues and can also function to suppress the neoplastic phenotype. Because most neoplastic cells are resistant to certain apoptotic cues, we reasoned that an early molecular event in carcinogenesis or leukemogenesis might be the inactivation of PKR by expression or activation of intracellular PKR inhibitors. Seeking novel PKR-modulating proteins we report here that nucleophosmin (NPM), a protein frequently overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, binds to PKR, and inhibits its activation. Co-immunoprecipitation and in vitro binding experiments showed that NPM associated with PKR. Kinase assays demonstrated that recombinant NPM inhibited PKR activation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, purified recombinant NPM was phosphorylated by activated PKR. Most importantly, overexpression of NPM suppressed PKR activity, enhanced protein synthesis, and inhibited apoptosis. Lymphoblasts from patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) expressed low levels of NPM, which correlated with high ground-state activation of PKR and cellular hypersensitivity to apoptotic cues, but enforced expression of NPM in these mutant cells reduced aberrant apoptotic responses. Inhibition of PKR by NPM may be one mechanism by which neoplastic clones evolve in sporadic malignancies and in neoplastic cells arising in the context of the cancer predisposition syndrome, Fanconi anemia.
Induction of Protein Secretory Pathway Is Required for Systemic Acquired Resistance (2005)

In plants, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is established as a result of NPR1-regulated expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Using gene expression profiling in Arabidopsis, we found that in addition to controlling the expression of PR genes, NPR1 also directly controls the expression of the protein secretory pathway genes. Up-regulation of these genes is essential for SAR, because mutations in some of them diminished the secretion of PR proteins (for example, PR1), resulting in reduced resistance. We provide evidence that NPR1 coordinately regulates these secretion-related genes through a previously undescribed cis-element. Activation of this cis-element is controlled by a transcription factor that is translocated into the nucleus upon SAR induction.
Hydroxyproline Heterooligosaccharides in Chlamydomonas (1972)

Most of the hydroxyproline in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is glycosidically linked to oligosaccharides and a monosaccharide that are different from the arabinosides found in hydroxyproline-containing plant cell walls previously examined. Of particular interest is the presence of hydroxyproline-O-galactose. These differences may be common to the volvocalean green algae and may be related to lower tensile strength of the cell walls of this group of plants.
High-level production and purification of a fully active recombinant dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F (2006)

International audience
Unbiased Screening for Transcriptional Targets of ZKSCAN3 Identifies Integrin β4 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as Downstream Targets (2008)

We previously described the novel zinc finger protein ZKSCAN3 as a new "driver" of colon cancer progression. To investigate the underlying mechanism and because the predicted structural features (tandem zinc fingers) are often present in transcription factors, we hypothesized that ZKSCAN3 regulates the expression of a gene(s) favoring tumor progression. We employed unbiased screening to identify a DNA binding motif and candidate downstream genes. Cyclic amplification and selection of targets using a random oligonucleotide library and ZKSCAN3 protein identified KRDGGG as the DNA recognition motif. In expression profiling, 204 genes were induced 2-29-fold, and 76 genes reduced 2-5-fold by ZKSCAN3. To enrich for direct targets, we eliminated genes under-represented (<3) for the ZKSCAN3 binding motif (identified by CAST-ing) in 2 kilobases of regulatory sequence. Up-regulated putative downstream targets included genes contributing to growth (c-Met-related tyrosine kinase (MST1R), MEK2; the guanine nucleotide exchanger RasGRP2, insulin-like growth factor-2, integrin beta 4), cell migration (MST1R), angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor), and proteolysis (MMP26; cathepsin D; PRSS3 (protease serine 3)). We pursued integrin beta 4 (induced up to 6-fold) as a candidate target because it promotes breast cancer tumorigenicity and stimulates phosphatidyl 3-kinase implicated in colorectal cancer progression. ZKSCAN3 overexpression/silencing modulated integrin beta 4 expression, confirming the array analysis. Moreover, ZKSCAN3 bound to the integrin beta 4 promoter in vitro and in vivo, and the integrin beta 4-derived ZKSCAN3 motif fused upstream of a tk-Luc reporter conferred ZKSCAN3 sensitivity. Integrin beta 4 knockdown by short hairpin RNA countered ZKSCAN3-augmented anchorage-independent colony formation. We also demonstrate vascular endothelial growth factor as a direct ZKSCAN3 target. Thus, ZKSCAN3 regulates the expression of several genes favoring tumor progression including integrin beta 4.
Piezoelectric-on-Silicon Lateral Bulk Acoustic Wave Micromechanical Resonators (2008)

This paper reports on the design, fabrication, and characterization of piezoelectrically-transduced micromechanical single-crystal-silicon resonators operating in their lateral bulk acoustic modes to address the need for high-Q microelectronic-integrable frequency-selective components. A simple electromechanical model for optimizing performance is presented. For verification, resonators were fabricated on 5-mum-thick silicon-on- insulator substrates and use a 0.3-mum zinc oxide film for transduction. A bulk acoustic mode was observed from a 240 mum times 40 mum resonator with a 600-Omega impedance (Q=3400 at P=1 atm) at 90 MHz. A linear resonator absorbed power of -0.5 dBm and an output current of 1.3 mA rms were measured. The same device also exhibited a Q of 12 000 in its fundamental extensional mode at a pressure of 5 torr.
Stable zirconium silicate gate dielectrics deposited directly on silicon (2000)

Zirconium silicate (ZrSixOy) gate dielectric films with ∼3–5 at. % Zr exhibit excellent electrical properties and high thermal stability in direct contact with Si. We demonstrate an equivalent oxide thickness of about 21 Å for a 50 Å ZrSixOy film sputter-deposited directly on a Si substrate, as measured by capacitance–voltage techniques, with a hysteresis shift less than 10 mV. Leakage currents for these films are very low, approximately 1×10−6 A/cm2 at 1.0 V bias in accumulation. Films ramped to hard breakdown exhibit breakdown fields Ebd ∼10 MV/cm. Excellent electrical properties are obtained with Au electrodes, in particular.
Following the course of resolution of carboxylic acids by carbon-13 NMR spectrometry of amine salts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFollowing the course of resolution of carboxylic acids by carbon-13 NMR spectrometry of amine saltsFrancis X. Webster, Xiao Nong Zeng, and Robert M. SilversteinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 26, 5225–5226Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00147a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00147a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Practical, real-time, full duplex wireless (2011)

This paper presents a full duplex radio design using signal inversion and adaptive cancellation. Signal inversion uses a simple design based on a balanced/unbalanced (Balun) transformer. This new design, unlike prior work, supports wideband and high power systems. In theory, this new design has no limitation on bandwidth or power. In practice, we find that the signal inversion technique alone can cancel at least 45dB across a 40MHz bandwidth. Further, combining signal inversion cancellation with cancellation in the digital domain can reduce self-interference by up to 73dB for a 10MHz OFDM signal. This paper also presents a full duplex medium access control (MAC) design and evaluates it using a testbed of 5 prototype full duplex nodes. Full duplex reduces packet losses due to hidden terminals by up to 88%. Full duplex also mitigates unfair channel allocation in AP-based networks, increasing fairness from 0.85 to 0.98 while improving downlink throughput by 110% and uplink throughput by 15%. These experimental results show that a re- design of the wireless network stack to exploit full duplex capability can result in significant improvements in network performance.
ESR. Spectra and Structures of Radical Anions in the Dibenzo[a, e]cyclooctene Series (1976)

Abstract ESR. studies are reported for the radical anions of 5,6‐didehydro‐ and 5,6,11,12‐tetradehydro‐dibenzo[ a,e ]cyclooctene (III and IV, resp.), in addition to that of dibenzo[ a,e ]cyclooctene (II) itself, the spectrum of which has been reexamined. Comparison of the proton and 13 C coupling constants for II·⊖, III·⊖ and IV·⊖ indicates that the three radical anions do not differ greatly in their electronic and molecular structures. This statement implies that II·⊖ should also be substantially planar, i.e. , the tub‐shaped eight‐membered ring in II is expected to flatten on passing from the neutral molecule to its radical anion. Support for postulating such a change in geometry, analogous to that encountered with the parent cyclooctatetraene (I), is provided by INDO calculations.
Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structure and Tubulin- Binding Properties of a Benzofuran Analogue of the Potent Cytotoxic Agent Combretastatin A4 (1999)

The benzofuran (4), a ring-fused analogue of the potent antimitotic agent combretastatin A4 (1), has been prepared by a convergent route involving 5- endo-dig iodocyclization of o -hydroxytolan (5) as the key step. Compound (4), which has been characterized crystallographically as well as spectroscopically, is inactive as a tubulin-binding agent.
Resting platelets contain a substantial centrally located pool of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex which may be accessible to some but not other extracellular proteins. (1986)

Recent evidence suggests the presence in resting platelets of centrally located compartments of glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa. We have employed an experimental procedure which dissociates and antigenically denatures the surface compartment of GP IIb-IIIa and allows internal compartments of GP IIb-IIIa to be studied immunochemically and functionally in intact platelets. When gel-filtered platelets are incubated with 0.25 mM EGTA at 37 degrees C for 30 min, and then supplemented for 30 min with 5 mM calcium, they lose their ability to bind GP IIb-IIIa complex-specific monoclonal antibody Fab fragments. However, when such platelets are subsequently stimulated with thrombin, GP IIb-IIIa-specific Fabs are again able to bind in large amounts to the platelet surface, in concert with the appearance of substantial amounts of receptors for fibrinogen and fibronectin. In immunoprecipitation experiments, we have found that this thrombin-displayed pool of GP IIb-IIIa originates from a pool that is not labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination of intact resting platelets. In immunofluorescence experiments, we have found that EGTA-incubated platelets contain a large sequestered internal pool of GP IIb-IIIa which upon thrombin stimulation is translocated to the platelet surface. Additional experiments suggest that this centrally located compartment may be surface connected in resting platelets and that it is accessible to some extracellular proteins, but not others.
Uterine EHG Processing for Obstetrical Monitorng (1986)

The temporal and spectral properties of the human uterine electromyogram are first described, related to two different situations: pregnancy and parturition. Thus, a parameter set is selected, and a discriminant analysis is performed, in order to obtain the best discriminant vector for these two situations. A dynamic control of the efficiency of the contractions during labor is described. The good results of this dynamic control permit us to propose a monitoring device providing information on contraction rate and efficiency.
Expanding Adeno-associated Viral Vector Capacity: A Tale of Two Vectors (2007)

(2007). Expanding Adeno-associated Viral Vector Capacity: A Tale of Two Vectors. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews: Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 165-178.
RNA interference-mediated silencing of mutant superoxide dismutase rescues cyclosporin A-induced death in cultured neuroblastoma cells (2004)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder resulting from selective death of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In approximately 25% of familial ALS cases, the disease is caused by dominantly acting point mutations in the gene encoding cytosolic Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). In cell culture and in rodent models of ALS, mutant SOD1 proteins exhibit dose-dependent toxicity; thus, agents that reduce mutant protein expression would be powerful therapeutic tools. A wealth of recent evidence has demonstrated that the mechanism of RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) can be exploited to achieve potent and specific gene silencing in vitro and in vivo. We have evaluated the utility of RNAi for selective silencing of mutant SOD1 expression in cultured cells and have identified small interfering RNAs capable of specifically inhibiting expression of ALS-linked mutant, but not wild-type, SOD1. We have investigated the functional effects of RNAi-mediated silencing of mutant SOD1 in cultured murine neuroblastoma cells. In this model, stable expression of mutant, but not wild-type, human SOD1 sensitizes cells to cytotoxic stimuli. We find that silencing of mutant SOD1 protects these cells against cyclosporin A-induced cell death. These results demonstrate a positive physiological effect caused by RNAi-mediated silencing of a dominant disease allele. The present study further supports the therapeutic potential of RNAi-based methods for the treatment of inherited human diseases, including ALS.
[Comparative evaluation of age-related and organic characteristics of the structure of the adventitial nerve plexuses in human arteries]. (1987)

It has been stated by means of morphometric investigation of transversal sections of the nervous-vascular complexes of the thyroid, splenic and brachial arteries, stained after Weighert-Pahl, that in the human being during the first mature period the amount of nerves in adventitia of nervous arteries is 1.4-2.7 times greater than in the newborn, and in the old man--1.3-1.6 times less than in the mature person. Average total area of the nervous transversal sections changes in the same proportion with age. The age factor is the leading cause in increasing amount of nerves and the total area of their sections at the stage of productive development of the plexuses, as well as in decreasing of these indices in ageing process. In each age group the amount of nerves is proportional to the diameter of the artery lumen and to the organ's mass (spleen). The greatest amount of nerves at all stages of human development occurs in the adventitial plexuses of the thyroid arteries; they are less numerous in the plexus of the splenic artery, and their minimal amount is noted in the plexus of the brachial artery. Most of the nerves in adventitia of the arteries have microscopical diameter (less than 70 mcm), serve for selective, discrete innervation of the arterial wall.