gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast Activation Protein Peptide Substrates Identified from Human Collagen I Derived Gelatin Cleavage Sites (2007)

A highly consistent trait of tumor stromal fibroblasts is the induction of the membrane-bound serine protease fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP), which is overexpressed on the surface of reactive stromal fibroblasts present within the stroma of the majority of human epithelial tumors. In contrast, FAP is not expressed by tumor epithelial cells or by fibroblasts or other cell types in normal tissues. The proteolytic activity of FAP, therefore, represents a potential pan-tumor target that can be exploited for the release of potent cytotoxins from inactive prodrugs consisting of an FAP peptide substrate coupled to a cytotoxin. To identify FAP peptide substrates, we used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy based sequencing to generate a complete map of the FAP cleavage sites within human collagen I derived gelatin. Positional analysis of the frequency of each amino acid at each position within the cleavage sites revealed FAP consensus sequences PPGP and (D/E)-(R/K)-G-(E/D)-(T/S)-G-P. These studies further demonstrated that ranking cleavage sites based on the magnitude of the LC/MS/MS extracted ion current predicted FAP substrates that were cleaved with highest efficiency. Fluorescence-quenched peptides were synthesized on the basis of the cleavage sites with the highest ion current rankings, and kinetic parameters for FAP hydrolysis were determined. The substrate DRGETGP, which corresponded to the consensus sequence, had the lowest Km of 21 microM. Overall the Km values were relatively similar for both high and low ranked substrates, whereas the kcat values differed by up to 100-fold. On the basis of these results, the FAP consensus sequences are currently being evaluated as FAP-selective peptide carriers for incorporation into FAP-activated prodrugs.
Chronic inflammation caused by lymphotoxin is lymphoid neogenesis. (1996)

In presenting a unifying concept for chronic inflammation and lymphoid organogenesis, we suggest that lymphotoxin's (LT, LT-alpha, TNF-beta) crucial role in these processes is pivotal and similar. Chronic inflammatory lesions that developed in the kidney and pancreas at the sites of transgene expression in rat insulin promoter-LT (RIP-LT) mice resembled lymph nodes with regard to cellular composition (T cells, B cells, plasma cells, and antigen-presenting cells), delineated T and B cell areas, primary and secondary follicles, characteristic morphologic and antigenic (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MAdCAM-1, and PNAd) features of high endothelial venules, and ability to respond to antigen and undergo Ig class switching when obtained from mice immunized with SRBC. The vascular changes, with the exception of PNAd, appear to be the direct consequence of transgene derived LT expression, as they were also observed in RIP-LT mice lacking mature T and B cells. These data show that LT-induced chronic inflammation has the characteristics of organized lymphoid tissue.
2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl glycosides. 3. Synthesis, anomeric deblocking, and transformation into 1,2-trans 1-O-acyl sugars (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl glycosides. 3. Synthesis, anomeric deblocking, and transformation into 1,2-trans 1-O-acyl sugarsKarl Jansson, Stefan Ahlfors, Torbjoern Frejd, Jan Kihlberg, Goeran Magnusson, Jan Dahmen, Ghazi Noori, and Kristina StenvallCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 24, 5629–5647Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00259a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00259a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2770Altmetric-Citations297LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Palaeogeomorphology and its control on the development of sequence stratigraphy and depositional systems of the Early Silurian in the Tarim Basin (2010)

在 Tarim 盆的志留纪在古苏格兰的构造运动在迟了的奥陶纪的结束使变形的地下室上被扔。早志留纪的沉积序列的发展和分发被迟了的奥陶纪的 palaeogeomorphology 清楚地控制了。基于不顺从特征和侵蚀的分发，几个地区能包括一个高高举的侵蚀地区，一个过渡斜坡地区和消沉被区分地区。中央并且西方 Tabei 高举地区显示出高尖的不顺从和强烈侵蚀。在迟了的奥陶纪的 Tarim 盆显示出特征在西方更高，当更高时，在南方在东方降低，在北方更低。早志留纪主要总体上开发了 transgressive 和 highstand 系统道，当 lowstand 系统道仅仅在斜坡裂缝下面部分发展了时。palaeogeomorphology 控制了碎屑状的来源供应和存款分发。编织三角洲系统和潮汐的扁平河口的系统被扔。Tazhong paleouplift 高举的持续时间比 Tabei paleo 高举的，和免职是以后的的长。这导致了在那个区域失踪的 Kepingtage 形成的更低、中间的成员。当大规模违反发生在 Kepingtage 形成的上面的成员的免职时期期间，从盆的西方的沉积被搬运并且由潮和波浪扔了，形成在 uplift 上面的潮汐水兵的碎片系统。粗糙的碎屑状的存款发展了在的近似冲积扇子和扇子三角洲近似高举在盆的东方和东南的地区，和编织三角洲提出了到在边之间的过渡地区高举并且海。三角洲前面能形成的大规模潮汐的隧道，亚支流隧道和嘴块有利水库，和他们是为油和煤气的探索的主要目标。关于 palaeogeomorphology 控制的 sequence-depositional 系统开发和分发的这研究在指导水库沙岩的预言是重要的。
Triggered Release from Polymer Capsules (2011)

Stimuli-responsive capsules are of interest in drug delivery, fragrance release, food preservation, and self-healing materials. Many methods are used to trigger the release of encapsulated contents. Here we highlight mechanisms for the controlled release of encapsulated cargo that utilize chemical reactions occurring in solid polymeric shell walls. Triggering mechanisms responsible for covalent bond cleavage that result in the release of capsule contents include chemical, biological, light, thermal, magnetic, and electrical stimuli. We present methods for encapsulation and release, triggering methods, and mechanisms and conclude with our opinions on interesting obstacles for chemically induced activation with relevance for controlled release.
Delayed Neutrophil Elastase Inhibition Prevents Subsequent Progression of Acute Lung Injury Induced by Endotoxin Inhalation in Hamsters (2000)

To define the role of neutrophil elastase (NE) in the progression of acute lung injury (ALI), we examined the effects of post-treatment with a specific NE inhibitor, sivelestat sodium hydrate (sivelestat), on ALI induced by endotoxin (ET) inhalation in hamsters. Inhalation of ET (300 microg/ml, 30 min) in conscious hamsters increased inflammatory cell count, protein concentration, and hemorrhage in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) that peaked 24 h after ET inhalation. These changes were significant 2 h after ET inhalation and paralleled the increase in NE activity in BALF. When intravenously infused from 2 to 24 h post-ET inhalation, sivelestat (0.03 to 3 mg/kg/h) dose-dependently attenuated changes in these BALF parameters at 24 h post-ET inhalation in a manner dependent on the inhibition of NE activity in BALF. Histopathological analysis also indicated that sivelestat prevented the progression of lung inflammation such as alveolar neutrophil infiltration and hemorrhage. In contrast, dexamethasone (3 mg/kg, intravenously) was not effective in this model when administered 2 h after ET inhalation, although it was highly effective when applied before ET. We conclude that delayed inhibition of NE activity with sivelestat prevents subsequent progression of ALI in hamsters after ET inhalation. Thus NE may play an important role in the progression of ALI.
Acute myeloid leukemia patients clinical response to idasanutlin (RG7388) is associated with pre-treatment MDM2 protein expression in leukemic blasts (2016)

In translational research described, we investigated biomarker expression by flow cytometry for MDM2 antagonist clinical response association in relapsed/refractory AML patients treated with idasanutlin-based therapy (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01773408).
Elastic-Arm: Human-scale passive haptic feedback for augmenting interaction and perception in virtual environments (2015)

Haptic feedback is known to improve 3D interaction in virtual environments but current haptic interfaces remain complex and tailored to desktop interaction. In this paper, we introduce the “Elastic-Arm”, a novel approach for incorporating haptic feedback in immersive virtual environments in a simple and cost-effective way. The Elastic-Arm is based on a body-mounted elastic armature that links the user's hand to her shoulder. As a result, a progressive resistance force is perceived when extending the arm. This haptic feedback can be incorporated with various 3D interaction techniques and we illustrate the possibilities offered by our system through several use cases based on well-known examples such as the Bubble technique, Redirected Touching and pseudo-haptics. These illustrative use cases provide users with haptic feedback during selection and navigation tasks but they also enhance their perception of the virtual environment. Taken together, these examples suggest that the Elastic-Arm can be transposed in numerous applications and with various 3D interaction metaphors in which a mobile hap-tic feedback can be beneficial. It could also pave the way for the design of new interaction techniques based on “human-scale” egocentric haptic feedback.
A vector magnetometer using a single Permalloy sensor with dual magnetic feedback (1994)

Magnetic feedback fields, applied in both hard and easy axis directions of a Permalloy sensor biased with a sinusoidal hard axis field and offset, pulsed easy axis field, allow the magnitude and direction of both orthogonal components of an external field to be determined. The two outputs from the feedback circuit, corresponding to these two components, are independent of sensitivity variations due to bias or temperature changes. The feedback circuit and sensor is a first order system with a corner frequency to sinusoidal inputs proportional to the hard axis bias frequency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Early Remdesivir to Prevent Progression to Severe Covid-19 in Outpatients (2021)

Among nonhospitalized patients who were at high risk for Covid-19 progression, a 3-day course of remdesivir had an acceptable safety profile and resulted in an 87% lower risk of hospitalization or death than placebo. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; PINETREE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04501952; EudraCT number, 2020-003510-12.).
Population Pharmacokinetics of Liposomal Irinotecan in Patients With Cancer (2017)

Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) is a liposomal formulation of irinotecan with a longer half-life (t<sub>1/2</sub> ), higher plasma total irinotecan (tIRI), and lower SN-38 maximum concentration (C<sub>max</sub> ) compared with nonliposomal irinotecan. Population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of nal-IRI was performed for tIRI and total SN-38 (tSN38) using patient samples from six studies. PK-safety association was evaluated for neutropenia and diarrhea in 353 patients. PK-efficacy association was evaluated from a phase III study in pancreatic cancer NAPOLI1. Efficacy was associated with longer duration of unencapsulated SN-38 (uSN38) above a threshold and higher C<sub>avg</sub> of tIRI, tSN38, and uSN38. Neutropenia was associated with uSN38 C<sub>max</sub> and diarrhea with tIRI C<sub>max</sub> . Baseline predictive factors were race, body surface area, and bilirubin. Analysis identified PK factors associated with efficacy, safety, and predictive baseline factors. The results support the benefit of nal-IRI dose of 70 mg/m<sup>2</sup> (free-base; equivalent to 80 mg/m<sup>2</sup> salt base) Q2W over 100 mg/m<sup>2</sup> Q3W.
Entity annotation based on inverse index operations (2006)

Entity annotation involves attaching a label such as 'name' or 'organization' to a sequence of tokens in a document. All the current rule-based and machine learning-based approaches for this task operate at the document level. We present a new and generic approach to entity annotation which uses the inverse index typically created for rapid key-word based searching of a document collection. We define a set of operations on the inverse index that allows us to create annotations defined by cascading regular expressions. The entity annotations for an entire document corpus can be created purely of the index with no need to access the original documents. Experiments on two publicly available data sets show very significant performance improvements over the document-based annotators.
Intense pulsed light sintering of copper nanoink for printed electronics (2009)

An intense pulsed light (IPL) from a xenon flash lamp was used to sinter copper nanoink printed on low-temperature polymer substrates at room temperature in ambient condition. The IPL can sinter the copper nanoink without damaging the polymer substrates in extremely short time (2 ms). The microstructure of the sintered copper film was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray micro tomography, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The sintered copper film has a grainy structure with neck-like junctions. The resulting resistivity was 5 μΩ cm of electrical resistivity which is only 3 times as high as that of bulk copper. The IPL sintering technique allows copper nanoparticles to be used in inkjet printing on low-temperature substrates such as polymers in ambient conditions.
Inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth by a synthetic laminin peptide, CDPGYIGSR-NH2. (1991)

A laminin-derived synthetic peptide, Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 (CDPGYIGSR-H2), containing an active site for cell binding inhibited both angiogenesis and solid tumor growth. It potently suppressed both embryonic angiogenesis of the chick chorioallantoic membrane and migration of vascular endothelial cells induced by a tumor-conditioned medium but neither the in vitro proliferation of endothelial cells nor that of tumor cells. Additionally, in in vivo tests, CDPGYIGSR-NH2 markedly inhibited both the growth of s.c. solid tumor of Sarcoma 180 and that of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in the lungs. On the contrary, ascitic tumor growth of Sarcoma 180 was not affected by this peptide, even though the same cell source was used. It was concluded that solid tumor growth inhibition by CDPGYIGSR-NH2 was due not a direct effect on cell growth but to antiangiogenic effect mediated by the inhibition of endothelial cell migration.
Caseation of human tuberculosis granulomas correlates with elevated host lipid metabolism (2010)

The progression of human tuberculosis (TB) to active disease and transmission involves the development of a caseous granuloma that cavitates and releases infectious Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. In the current study, we exploited genome-wide microarray analysis to determine that genes for lipid sequestration and metabolism were highly expressed in caseous TB granulomas. Immunohistological analysis of these granulomas confirmed the disproportionate abundance of the proteins involved in lipid metabolism in cells surrounding the caseum; namely, adipophilin, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 and saposin C. Biochemical analysis of the lipid species within the caseum identified cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, triacylglycerols and lactosylceramide, which implicated low-density lipoprotein-derived lipids as the most likely source. M. tuberculosis infection in vitro induced lipid droplet formation in murine and human macrophages. Furthermore, the M. tuberculosis cell wall lipid, trehalose dimycolate, induced a strong granulomatous response in mice, which was accompanied by foam cell formation. These results provide molecular and biochemical evidence that the development of the human TB granuloma to caseation correlates with pathogen-mediated dysregulation of host lipid metabolism.
<title>Laser depth-controlled precision machining of advanced ceramics</title> (1997)

Development of advanced engineering materials, such as ceramics and their composites, CVD silicon carbide, silicon nitride, CVD diamond, etc.; has created many opportunities for their use in a number of applications. These materials offer attractive properties, including superior hardness, strength, wear and corrosion resistance, and electronic properties. However, conventional machining processes are inadequate to fabricate multi-dimensional, precision components from these materials. Lately, lasers have been shown to be very effective in machining these hard materials. In this paper, recent results of our work on depth controlled precision machining of commercially available ceramics using a diode pumped, pulsed Nd:YAG laser are presented. The effects of laser processing parameters: percentage spot overlap, machining speed, and number of layers removed on the depth of the machined groove and surface roughness are discussed.
Gene mapping and somatic cell hybrid analysis of the role of human lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3) in CTL-target cell interactions. (1986)

LFA-3 is expressed on a wide variety of human cell lines, including those which have been used as recipients for gene transfer of human class I gene products, whereas a murine counterpart is either absent or significantly different such that the anti-LFA-3 monoclonal antibody (MAb) does not bind. By using a somatic cell genetic approach, we demonstrate that LFA-3 is not a major histocompatibility complex-encoded molecule, and that its gene locus maps to human chromosome 1. When LFA-3 and HLA-A2 are coexpressed on the mouse cell surface, anti-LFA-3 MAb interfered with specific recognition and lysis of these target cells by human CTL capable of lysing HLA-A2-expressing mouse transfectants. A significant contribution of the LFA-3 molecule to CTL reactivity was not observed, however, because the presence of LFA-3 did not restore recognition by CTL clones previously found incapable of lysing HLA-A2-expressing mouse transfectants, nor was it required by those human CTL that could lyse mouse cell transfectants. Thus, we have used genetic techniques to demonstrate that LFA-3 may serve a role in CTL-target cell interactions at the target cell level, but is not a molecule absolutely required for human allospecific CTL recognition of HLA antigens expressed on mouse cells. We suggest that LFA-3 may not participate directly in CTL function under normal circumstances, but delivers a more general inhibitory signal only when provoked by bound MAb.
Bacterial Starter Cultures for Food (1985)

This book brings together information concerning starter culture bacteria in the manufacture of many milk, meat, vegetable, and bakery products. The characteristics and functions of these bacteria in the production of cultured foods, as well as factors which affect their performance, are discussed in detail. Topics include the role of plasmids in starter culture bacteria, the function of these bacteria as food preservatives, nutritional and health benefits, and future applications. Authors provide historical background as an introduction to each chapter. This will be a valuable reference book for food industry technologists and academicians.
The Xist RNA A-repeat comprises a novel AUCG tetraloop fold and a platform for multimerization (2011)

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in female mammals depends on the noncoding RNA X inactivation specific transcript (Xist). The mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing by Xist is poorly understood. While it is established that the 5' region of Xist RNA, comprising the A-repeats and holding 7.5-8.5 copies of a conserved 26-mer sequence, is essential for Xist-mediated silencing, high-resolution structural information for the A-repeats is not available. Here, we report the three-dimensional solution structure of a 14-mer hairpin in the 5' region of a human A-repeat. This hairpin is remarkably stable and adopts a novel AUCG tetraloop fold, the integrity of which is required for silencing. We show that, contrary to previous predictions, the 3' region of single or tandem A-repeats mediates duplex formation in vitro. Significantly, mutations in this region disrupt the inter-repeat duplex formation in vitro and abrogate the silencing function of Xist A-repeats in vivo. Our data suggest that the complete A-repeat region may be stabilized by inter-repeat duplex formation and, as such, may provide a platform for multimerization and specific recognition of the AUCG tetraloops by trans-acting factors.
Quantitation in Positron Emission Computed Tomography (1979)

The effect of object size on the capability of positron emission computed tomography to measure isotope concentrations in a cross section was studied. The relationship between the apparent isotope concentration in an image and the true concentration was measured as a function of object size for three instrument resolutions and four convolution filters. The relationship between image size and object size was also measured under the same conditions. Depression of apparent isotope concentration in an image for objects equal in size to the instrument resolution (FWHM) was significant (50% for a cylinder and 25% for a bar). For objects larger than 1.0 FWHM, accurate object sizes can be estimated from the images. Thus, reasonably accurate and practical schemes of compensation for object size effects can be implemented for objects larger than 1.0 FWHM. Accuracy in quantitating isotope concentrations in smaller objects is seriously compromised by the loss of sensitivity to the object size and the large correction factors required to compensate for instrument response. The results of the measurements were found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions for ideal systems of comparable resolution.
Hindered diffusion of water-soluble macromolecules in membranes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHindered diffusion of water-soluble macromolecules in membranesMarc G. Davidson and William M. DeenCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 12, 3474–3481Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00190a022Request reuse permissionsArticle Views743Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts