gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
운동생리학 : 사례기반추론 ( Case - Based Reasoning ) 을 활용한 운동처방지원시스템의 구축 (2002)

Case-Based Reasoning is a problem solving technique with re-using past cases and experiences to find a solution to the problems, The central task that CBR methods have to deal with are to identify the current problem situation, find a past case similar to the new one, use that case to suggest a solution to the current problem, evaluate the proposed solution, and update the system by learning from this experience. Several successful CBR systems have been developed and researched in Clinical field in abroad. This paper presents CBR application to exercise prescription and investigates the hit ratio of exercise prescription support system by accumulated the case-base of exercise prescription cases. As the result of this research, it shows 92.11% hit ratic from the test. The applications of case-based reasoning to exercise prescription field and future research issues are identified.
Interleukin 6 is expressed in high levels in psoriatic skin and stimulates proliferation of cultured human keratinocytes. (1989)

Psoriasis is a common papulosquamous skin disease. The histopathology is characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and inflammation. Recent studies suggest that keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation in psoriasis are manifestations of the same underlying pathological process. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a cytokine that is a major mediator of the host response to tissue injury and infection, is produced by both keratinocytes and leukocytes in culture. IL-6 expression was studied in psoriatic plaques by immunoperoxidase staining with two different polyclonal anti-recombinant IL-6 antisera and by in situ nucleic acid hybridization with IL-6 cRNA probes. Epidermal and dermal cells in active psoriatic plaques from 35 psoriasis patients stained heavily for IL-6 as compared with nonlesional skin and with plaques after treatment with antimetabolic and antiinflammatory agents. Absorption of the anti-recombinant IL-6 antisera with purified fibroblast-derived IL-6 or with recombinant IL-6, but not bovine serum albumin, removed the immunostaining. Increased levels of IL-6 were detected in the plasma of patients with active psoriasis (mean 3 ng/ml) by using two different bioassays. IL-6 production by proliferating keratinocytes was suggested by IL-6-specific immunostaining in cultured normal and psoriatic keratinocytes and by the detection of mRNA specific for IL-6 in psoriatic epidermis by in situ hybridization. IL-6 stimulated the proliferation of cultured, normal human keratinocytes as assessed by two different assays. Thus, IL-6 could directly contribute to the epidermal hyperplasia seen in psoriatic epithelium as well as affect the function of dermal inflammatory cells.
Expression of NPAT, a novel substrate of cyclin E-CDK2, promotes S-phase entry (1998)

To understand the mechanisms by which CDKs regulate cell cycle progression, it is necessary to identify and characterize the physiological substrates of these kinases. We have developed a screening method to identify novel CDK substrates. One of the cDNAs identified in the screen is identical to the recently isolated NPAT gene. Here we show that NPAT associates with cyclin E-CDK2 in vivo and can be phosphorylated by this CDK. The protein level of NPAT peaks at the G1/S boundary. Overexpression of NPAT accelerates S-phase entry, and this effect is enhanced by coexpression of cyclin E-CDK2. These results suggest that NPAT is a substrate of cyclin E-CDK2 and plays a role in S-phase entry.
The NLRP3 inflammasome in health and disease: the good, the bad and the ugly (2011)

While interleukin (IL)-1β plays an important role in combating the invading pathogen as part of the innate immune response, its dysregulation is responsible for a number of autoinflammatory disorders. Large IL-1β activating platforms, known as inflammasomes, can assemble in response to the detection of endogenous host and pathogen-associated danger molecules. Formation of these protein complexes results in the autocatalysis and activation of caspase-1, which processes precursor IL-1β into its secreted biologically active form. Inflammasome and IL-1β activity is required to efficiently control viral, bacterial and fungal pathogen infections. Conversely, excess IL-1β activity contributes to human disease, and its inhibition has proved therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of a spectrum of serious, yet relatively rare, heritable inflammasomopathies. Recently, inflammasome function has been implicated in more common human conditions, such as gout, type II diabetes and cancer. This raises the possibility that anti-IL-1 therapeutics may have broader applications than anticipated previously, and may be utilized across diverse disease states that are linked insidiously through unwanted or heightened inflammasome activity.
An introduction to variable and feature selection (2003)

Variable and feature selection have become the focus of much research in areas of application for which datasets with tens or hundreds of thousands of variables are available. These areas include t...
Entity Embeddings of Categorical Variables (2016)

We map categorical variables in a function approximation problem into Euclidean spaces, which are the entity embeddings of the categorical variables. The mapping is learned by a neural network during the standard supervised training process. Entity embedding not only reduces memory usage and speeds up neural networks compared with one-hot encoding, but more importantly by mapping similar values close to each other in the embedding space it reveals the intrinsic properties of the categorical variables. We applied it successfully in a recent Kaggle competition and were able to reach the third position with relative simple features. We further demonstrate in this paper that entity embedding helps the neural network to generalize better when the data is sparse and statistics is unknown. Thus it is especially useful for datasets with lots of high cardinality features, where other methods tend to overfit. We also demonstrate that the embeddings obtained from the trained neural network boost the performance of all tested machine learning methods considerably when used as the input features instead. As entity embedding defines a distance measure for categorical variables it can be used for visualizing categorical data and for data clustering.
PP.01.39 (2015)

Objective: It is still unknown whether primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients aged over 85 years with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction could reduce mortality during hospitalization. Design and method: This study involved 474 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, who were divided into primary percutaneous coronary intervention or conservative therapy groups. Aged was analyzed continuously according to 2 groups: 80 to 84 years old (n = 339), and 85 years or older (n = 135). The main end evidence was in-hospital mortality and the composite of chronic renal failure, Killip class of 3 and 4, complete atrioventricular block and infection. Results: The in-hospital mortality was lower for patients aged 80 to 84 treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention compared with conservative therapy (8.4% vs. 27.0%, p < 0.001), and the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio was 0.247 (95% confidence interval, 0.132–0.462). In the primary percutaneous coronary intervention group, the in-hospital mortality was lower for patients aged 80 to 84 than those over 85 years (8.4% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.034). However, the mortality were similar for patients over 85 years by primary percutaneous coronary intervention and conservative therapy (19.6% vs. 22.5%, p = 0.826). After adjustment, chronic renal failure, Killip class of 3 and 4, complete atrioventricular block and infection were the independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients over 80 years (p < 0.05), and the odds ratios were 2.650, 6.345, 85.289, 6.235 and 3.674, respectively. Conclusions: For patients aged over 85 years with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, performance of primary percutaneous coronary intervention was not superior to conservative therapy on in-hospital mortality. Chronic renal failure, Killip class of 3 and 4, complete atrioventricular block and infection were also independently associated with in-hospital mortality for patients over 80 years.
Cloning and functional expression of a rat kidney extracellular calcium/polyvalent cation-sensing receptor. (1995)

The maintenance of a stable extracellular concentration of ionized calcium depends on the integrated function of a number of specialized cells (e.g., parathyroid and certain kidney epithelial cells). We recently identified another G protein-coupled receptor (BoPCaRI) from bovine parathyroid that responds to changes in extracellular Ca2+ within the millimolar range and provides a key mechanism for regulating the secretion of parathyroid hormone. Using an homology-based strategy, we now report the isolation of a cDNA encoding an extracellular Ca2+/polyvalent cation-sensing receptor (RaKCaR) from rat kidney. The predicted RaKCaR protein shares 92% identity with BoPCaR1 receptor and features a seven membrane-spanning domain, characteristic of the G protein-coupled receptors, which is preceded by a large hydrophilic extracellular NH2 terminus believed to be involved in cation binding. RaKCaR cRNA-injected Xenopus oocytes responded to extracellular Ca2+, Mg2+, Gd3+, and neomycin with characteristic activation of inositol phospholipid-dependent, intracellular Ca(2+)-induced Cl- currents. In rat kidney, Northern analysis revealed RaKCaR transcripts of 4 and 7 kb, and in situ hybridization showed localization primarily in outer medulla and cortical medullary rays. Our results provide important insights into the molecular structure of an extracellular Ca2+/polyvalent cation-sensing receptor in rat kidney and provide another basis on which to understand the role of extracellular divalent cations in regulating kidney function in mineral metabolism.
Seprase, a membrane-bound protease, is overexpressed by invasive ductal carcinoma cells of human breast cancers. (1998)

The increased cell surface expression of the serine integral membrane protease, seprase, has been associated with the invasive behavior of human melanoma cell lines in vitro. The present study investigates the expression of seprase in malignant, premalignant, benign, and normal human breast tissues. The 170-kDa gelatinase activity of seprase was identified in extracts of infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDC). Protein bands corresponding to the proteolytically active 170-kDa seprase dimer and its 97-kDa seprase subunit protein were identified by immunoblot analysis of IDC extracts using an antiserum elicited against immunoaffinity-purified seprase. Immunohistochemical analysis of seprase expression in 41 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of human breast tissue revealed preferential immunoreactivity with the malignant cells of IDC (27 cases). Within individual IDC specimens, the stromal cells or morphologically normal epithelium revealed low labeling that was always significantly less than the labeling of neoplastic cells. Lymph node metastases of IDC cells were also strongly positive, but the lymphoid tissue in affected nodes was not stained. Neoplastic cells in DC in situ (5 cases) exhibited variable levels of staining. Epithelial cells of benign fibroadenoma specimens (2 cases) and benign proliferative breast disease (5 cases) exhibited little or no immunoreactivity. Epithelial cells of normal breast tissue (1 case) were not stained. The overexpression of seprase by DC cells is consistent with seprase having a role in facilitating invasion and metastasis of IDC of the breast. The cell surface localization of seprase could be used to target therapeutic agents to malignant breast cells.
Molecular characterization of the Escherichia coli K-12 zwf gene encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (1991)

In Escherichia coli K-12, expression of zwf, the gene for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, is coordinated with the cellular growth rate and induced by superoxide-generating agents. To initiate the study of the molecular mechanisms regulating its expression, the gene was cloned and its DNA sequence was determined. The 5' ends of zwf mRNA isolated from cells growing in glucose and acetate minimal media were mapped. The map was complex in that transcripts mapped to -45, -52, and -62, with respect to the beginning of the coding sequence. Three analytical methods were used to search the DNA sequence for putative promoters. Only one sequence for a promoter recognized by the sigma 70 form of RNA polymerase was found by all three search routines that could be aligned with a mapped transcript, indicating that the other transcripts arise by processing of the mRNA. A computer-assisted search did not reveal a thermodynamically stable long-range mRNA secondary structure that is capable of sequestering the translation initiation region, which suggests that growth-rate-dependent regulation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase level may not be carried out by a mechanism similar to the one for the gene (gnd) for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The DNA segment between the -10 hexamer and the start point of transcription resembles the discriminator sequence of stable RNA genes, which has been implicated in stringent control and growth-rate-dependent regulation.
Contemporary Review of Injectable Facial Fillers (2012)

Perhaps the most significant change in facial rejuvenation in the last 10 years has been the introduction of nonsurgical treatments for the relaxation of facial wrinkles and for the restoration of lost volume. Fillers such as paraffin and silicone have been used in the past for volume restoration, but only recently have new fillers been developed whose safety and efficacy have been supported by clinical research. The introduction of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in 2003 began the filler revolution and paved the way for development of biostimulatory and permanent materials. There is an abundance of high-level evidence-based studies comparing the HA fillers, calcium hydroxylapatite, and poly(methyl methacrylate) with collagen and other HA formulations, but there is only limited high-level data evaluating poly-L-lactic acid.
New methods for next generation sequencing based microRNA expression profiling (2010)

In conclusion, our alternative sample preparation method can successfully be applied to generate high quality miRNA sequencing libraries for the Illumina genome analyzer.
Serum glutathione s-transferase-π level as a tumor marker for non-small cell lung cancer. Potential predictive value in chemotherapeutic response (1994)

Background. Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major problem in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) chemotherapy, and recent studies have indicated that glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) may play an important role in the resistance of cancer cells to alkylating agents that include platinum compound. Methods. GST-π in serum of 121 patients with NSCLC was measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were also examined. Serum levels of these tumor markers were also evaluated in relation to therapeutic response in 69 patients who received combination chemotherapy with platinum compound. Results. Fifty of 121 patients with NSCLC (41.3%) showed elevated serum GST-π levels above a cutoff value of 34.8 ng/ml (mean + two standard deviations in 30 healthy control subjects). The positive rate of GST-π in patients with NSCLC was higher than those of CEA (37.2%), SCC (15.7%), and NSE (14.9%). The mean pretreatment GST-π level was significantly lower in patients with a partial response to chemotherapy than in those with no response (26.9 ± 11.3 ng/ml versus 38.8 ± 16.7 ng/ml; P < 0.003). Among patients with elevated levels of pretreatment serum GST-π, only 13.8% (four of 29) responded to the combination chemotherapy, whereas partial response was observed in 40.0% of patients (16 of 40) with serum GST-π concentration below the cutoff level (P < 0.02). Neither CEA, SCC, nor NSE showed such a relationship. Conclusions. The serum GST-π level may have limited value as a tumor marker for NSCLC. Interestingly, pretreatment serum GST-π levels may be a useful parameter for predicting therapeutic response to combination chemotherapy regimens that include platinum compound. Cancer 1994; 73:1377–82.
Oramed Pharmaceuticals Initiation of Coverage LifeSci Investment Abstract (2014)

Oramed Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ORMP) is a clinical- stage pharmaceutical company specializing in the oral delivery of proteins for large disease indications. Lead candidate ORMD-0801 is an oral insulin candidate in Phase II development to control fasting blood glucose levels in diabetes. Oramed is also developing an oral glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist and an insulin/GLP-1 combination product.
High-throughput single-microparticle imaging flow analyzer (2012)

Optical microscopy is one of the most widely used diagnostic methods in scientific, industrial, and biomedical applications. However, while useful for detailed examination of a small number (< 10,000) of microscopic entities, conventional optical microscopy is incapable of statistically relevant screening of large populations (> 100,000,000) with high precision due to its low throughput and limited digital memory size. We present an automated flow-through single-particle optical microscope that overcomes this limitation by performing sensitive blur-free image acquisition and nonstop real-time image-recording and classification of microparticles during high-speed flow. This is made possible by integrating ultrafast optical imaging technology, self-focusing microfluidic technology, optoelectronic communication technology, and information technology. To show the system's utility, we demonstrate high-throughput image-based screening of budding yeast and rare breast cancer cells in blood with an unprecedented throughput of 100,000 particles/s and a record false positive rate of one in a million.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY BY MEANS OF MUTATION ANALYSIS (1996)

Prenatal diagnosis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) was performed by means of genetic and biochemical analysis using chorionic villi and amniocytes. The mother was a carrier of an exonic point mutation in the ALD protein gene (2154 C to T) which resulted in the premature formation of a termination codon (Q590STOP) and deletes the Pst I site. Two patients in this family were hemizygotes for this mutation. Pst I digestion of cDNA from chorionic villi revealed that the fetus was a heterozygote for this mutation, and sex determination using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicated female. Lignocerate oxidation in cultured amniocytes was slightly decreased. These findings suggest that the fetus is a female carrier of ALD, and the resultant baby was female.
Quantification of cell surface proteins with bispecific antibodies (2013)

Flow cytometry is an established method for fast and accurate quantitation of cellular protein levels and requires fluorescently labeled antibodies as well as calibration standards. A critical step for quantitation remains the production of suitable detection antibodies with a precisely defined ratio of antigen-binding sites to fluorophores. Problems often arise as a consequence of inefficient and unspecific labeling which can influence antibody properties. In addition, the number of incorporated fluorophores necessitates a special normalization step for quantitation. To address these problems, we constructed different mono- and bivalent bispecific antibodies with binding site(s) for the cell surface antigens, cMET, EGFR1/HER1, ErbB2/HER2 or ErbB3/HER3 and with an additional digoxigenin-binding single-chain Fv fusion. The fluorophore Cy5 was covalently coupled to digoxigenin and quantitatively bound by the bispecific antibody. A panel of tumor cell lines was assessed under different culture conditions for absolute receptor expression levels of the indicated antigens and the data were set in relation to mRNA, gene count and immunoblot data. We could reproducibly quantify these receptors, omit the otherwise required normalization step and demonstrate the superiority of a 1 + 1 bispecific antibody. The same antibodies were also used to quantify the number of proteins in intracellular vesicles in confocal microscopy. The antibodies can be stored like regular antibodies and can be coupled with different digoxigenin-labeled fluorophores which makes them excellent tools for FACS and imaging-based experiments.
Antihypertensive Drugs Metabolism: An Update to Pharmacokinetic Profiles and Computational Approaches (2014)

Drug discovery and development is a high-risk enterprise that requires significant investments in capital, time and scientific expertise. The studies of xenobiotic metabolism remain as one of the main topics in the research and development of drugs, cosmetics and nutritional supplements. Antihypertensive drugs are used for the treatment of high blood pressure, which is one the most frequent symptoms of the patients that undergo cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infraction and strokes. In current cardiovascular disease pharmacology, four drug clusters - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers and Diuretics - cover the major therapeutic characteristics of the most antihypertensive drugs. The pharmacokinetic and specifically the metabolic profile of the antihypertensive agents are intensively studied because of the broad inter-individual variability on plasma concentrations and the diversity on the efficacy response especially due to the P450 dependent metabolic status they present. Several computational methods have been developed with the aim to: (i) model and better understand the human drug metabolism; and (ii) enhance the experimental investigation of the metabolism of small xenobiotic molecules. The main predictive tools these methods employ are rule-based approaches, quantitative structure metabolism/activity relationships and docking approaches. This review paper provides detailed metabolic profiles of the major clusters of antihypertensive agents, including their metabolites and their metabolizing enzymes, and it also provides specific information concerning the computational approaches that have been used to predict the metabolic profile of several antihypertensive drugs.
Angiogenesis in malignant gliomas (1995)

One event that accompanies glioma progression is the upregulation of angiogenesis. Low-grade gliomas are moderately vascularized tumors whereas high-grade gliomas show prominent microvascular proliferations and areas of high vascular density. To analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying glioma angiogenesis, we studied the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 during normal brain development and glioma-induced angiogenesis. Our results suggest a paracrine control of angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation that is tightly regulated and transient in the embryonic brain, switched off in the normal adult brain, and turned on in tumor cells (VEGF) and the host vasculature (VEGFR-1 and -2) during tumor progression. It is unknown how VEGF and VEGF receptors are upregulated during glioma angiogenesis, but there is recent evidence that VEGF as well as endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis could be under control of the tumor suppressor genes p53 and VHL.