gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pain research : methods and protocols (2004)

Mechanistic Dissection of Pain: From DNA to Animal Models Z. David Luo Assessment of Acute Thermal Nociception in Laboratory Animals Jeffrey W. Allen and Tony L. Yaksh Tissue Injury Models of Persistent Nociception in Rats Jeffrey W. Allen and Tony L. Yaksh Segmental Spinal Nerve Ligation Model of Neuropathic Pain Jin Mo Chung, Hee Kee Kim, and Kyungsoon Chung Partial Sciatic Nerve Transection Thies Lindenlaub and Claudia Sommer Modeling Diabetic Sensory Neuropathy in Rats Nigel A. Calcutt Sciatic Inflammatory Neuropathy in the Rat: Surgical Procedures, Induction of Inflammation, and Behavioral Testing Erin D. Milligan, Steven F. Maier, and Linda R. Watkins A Rat Pain Model of Vincristine-Induced Neuropathy Emiliano S. Higuera and Z. David Luo Loop Dialysis Catheter: A Technology for Chronic Spinal Dialysis in a Freely Moving Rat Martin Marsala Intrathecal Catheterization and Drug Delivery in the Rat Shelle A. Malkmus and Tony L. Yaksh Trigeminal Neuronal Recording in Animal Models of Orofacial Pain Koichi Iwata, Yuji Masuda, and Ke Ren In Vivo Electrophysiology of Dorsal-Horn Neurons Louise C. Stanfa and Anthony H. Dickenson Single-Fiber Recording: In Vivo and In Vitro Preparations Maria Schafers and David Cain Anatomical Identification of Neurons Responsive to Nociceptive Stimuli Luc Jasmin and Peter T. Ohara Isolation and Culture of Sensory Neurons From the Dorsal-Root Ganglia of Embryonic or Adult Rats Thomas H. Burkey, Cynthia M. Hingtgen, and Michael R. Vasko Primary Cultures of Neonatal Rat Spinal Cord Virginia S. Seybold and Lia G. Abrahams Single-Cell Laser Capture Microdissection and RNA Amplification Fredrik Kamme, Jessica Zhu, Lin Luo, Jingxue Yu, Da-Thao Tran, Bernhard Meurers, Anton Bittner, Karin Westlund, Susan Carlton, and Jackson Wan Semi-Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Pain Research Hong Qing Guo and Sandra R. Chaplan Functional Genomic Analysis in Pain Research Using Hybridization Arrays Stephen J. Walker, Travis J. Worst, Willard M. Freeman, and Kent E. Vrana Generation of Transgenic Mice Guoping Feng, Jing Lu, and Jimmy Gross Knockout Mouse Models in Pain Research Andree Dierich and Brigitte L. Kieffer Index
Human bone marrow depleted of CD33-positive cells mediates delayed but durable reconstitution of hematopoiesis: clinical trial of MY9 monoclonal antibody-purged autografts for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (1992)

The CD33 antigen, identified by murine monoclonal antibody anti-MY9, is expressed by clonogenic leukemic cells from almost all patients with acute myeloid leukemia; it is also expressed by normal myeloid progenitor cells. Twelve consecutive patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia received myeloablative therapy followed by infusion of autologous marrow previously treated in vitro with anti-MY9 and complement. Anti-MY9 and complement treatment eliminated virtually all committed myeloid progenitors (colony-forming unit granulocyte- macrophage) from the autografts. Nevertheless, in the absence of early relapse of leukemia, all patients showed durable trilineage engraftment. The median interval post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) required to achieve an absolute neutrophil count greater than 500/microL was 43 days (range, 16 to 75), to achieve a platelet count greater than 20,000/microL without transfusion was 92 days (range, 35 to 679), and to achieve red blood cell transfusion independence was 105 days (range, 37 to 670). At the time of BM harvest, 10 patients were in second remission, one patient was in first remission, and one patient was in third remission. Eight patients relapsed 3 to 18 months after BMT. Four patients transplanted in second remission remain disease-free 34+, 37+, 52+, and 57+ months after BMT. There was no treatment-related mortality. Early engraftment was significantly delayed in patients receiving CD33-purged autografts compared with concurrently treated patients receiving CD9/CD10-purged autografts for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or patients receiving CD6-purged allografts from HLA- compatible sibling donors. In contrast, both groups of autograft patients required a significantly longer time to achieve neutrophil counts greater than 500/microL and greater than 1,000/microL than did patients receiving normal allogeneic marrow. CD33(+)-committed myeloid progenitor cells thus appear to play an important role in the early phase of hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT. However, our results also show that human marrow depleted of CD33+ cells can sustain durable engraftment after myeloablative therapy, and provide further evidence that the CD33 antigen is absent from the human pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell.
Bovine CD18 Is Necessary and Sufficient To Mediate Mannheimia ( Pasteurella ) haemolytica Leukotoxin-Induced Cytolysis (2002)

Leukotoxin (Lkt) secreted by Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica is an RTX toxin which is specific for ruminant leukocytes. Lkt binds to beta(2) integrins on the surface of bovine leukocytes. beta(2) integrins have a common beta subunit, CD18, that associates with three distinct alpha chains, CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c, to give rise to three different beta(2) integrins, CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1), CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1), and CD11c/CD18 (CR4), respectively. Our earlier studies revealed that Lkt binds to all three beta(2) integrins, suggesting that the common beta subunit, CD18, may be the receptor for Lkt. In order to unequivocally elucidate the role of bovine CD18 as a receptor for Lkt, a murine cell line nonsusceptible to Lkt (P815) was transfected with cDNA for bovine CD18. One of the transfectants, 2B2, stably expressed bovine CD18 on the cell surface. The 2B2 transfectant was effectively lysed by Lkt in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the P815 parent cells were not. Immunoprecipitation of cell surface proteins of 2B2 with monoclonal antibodies specific for bovine CD18 or murine CD11a suggested that bovine CD18 was expressed on the cell surface of 2B2 as a heterodimer with murine CD11a. Expression of bovine CD18 and the Lkt-induced cytotoxicity of 2B2 cells were compared with those of bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils and lymphocytes. There was a strong correlation between cell surface expression of bovine CD18 and percent cytotoxicity induced by Lkt. These results indicate that bovine CD18 is necessary and sufficient to mediate Lkt-induced cytolysis of target cells.
Scavenger receptor class B type I is a multiligand HDL receptor that influences diverse physiologic systems (2001)

Scavenger receptors (SRs) are defined as cell surface membrane proteins that bind chemically modified lipoproteins, such as acetylated LDL (AcLDL) and oxidized LDL (OxLDL), and often many other types of ligands (1-3). Initially, scavenger receptor activity was identified as "AcLDL receptor activity" by Brown, Goldstein, and colleagues (2), who were developing an in vitro model for the deposition of LDL cholesterol in macrophages in artery walls during the initial stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation. They discovered that acetylation of LDL redirected the uptake of the particles from classic LDL receptors to a novel AcLDL receptor activity, which appeared to be relatively macrophage-specific. The massive, receptor-mediated uptake of cholesterol from modified LDL can convert cultured macrophages into cholesteryl ester-filled foam cells, similar to those in atherosclerotic plaques. As a consequence, investigators interested in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis have focused considerable attention on these receptors.
Scheduling of Single-Arm Multi-cluster Tools With Wafer Residency Time Constraints in Semiconductor Manufacturing (2014)

This paper studies the challenging problem of scheduling single-arm multi-cluster tools with wafer residency time constraints. They have a linear topology and their bottleneck tool is process-bound. This work aims to find an optimal one-wafer cyclic schedule. With the Petri net model developed in our previous work and the minimal cycle time for a multicluster tool without wafer residency time constraints, it derives the necessary and sufficient schedulability conditions for multicluster tools with wafer residency time constraints for the first time. Then, it gives an algorithm to find an optimal one-wafer cyclic schedule if schedulable. This is done by simply setting the robots' waiting time for each tool. Thus, it is very computationally efficient and applicable to practical problems. An example is presented to illustrate the proposed method.
A Guide to VHDL (1992)

A Guide to VHDL is intended for the working engineer who needs to develop, document, simulate and synthesize a design using the VHDL language. It is for system and chip designers who are working with VHDL CAD tools, and who have some experience programming in Fortran, Pascal, or C and have used a logic simulator. A Guide to VHDL includes a number of paper exercises and computer lab experiments. If a compiler/simulator is available to the reader, then the lab exercises invluded in the chapters can be run to reinforce the learning experience. For practical purposes, this book keeps simulator-specific text to a minimum, but does use the Synopsys VHDL Simulator command language in a few cases. A Guide to VHDL can be used as a primer, since its contents are appropriate for an introductory course in VHDL.
Gene expression profile of omental adipose tissue in human obesity (2003)

The aim of the present study was to gain insight into the pathophysiology of obesity by comparing the pattern of gene expression of omental adipose tissue of obese and lean volunteers using DNA microarrays. Omental adipose tissue biopsies were obtained by laparoscopic surgery from six male patients (44.2+/-6.3 yr). RNA was extracted and pooled for the obese (BMI: 37.3+/-2.5 kg/m2) and lean (BMI: 23.4+/-0.8 kg/m2) groups. From the total number of genes analyzed (1,152 well-characterized human genes), 41% were expressed at sufficient levels in human adipose tissue for detection in the microarray experiments, finding that 89 genes were up-regulated while 64 were down-regulated at least twofold in the omental adipose tissue obtained from obese patients. We found a general tendency to blunt lipolysis inducer genes and a global down-regulation of genes encoding growth factors. Moreover, an up-regulation in the expression of several mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was observed. The down-regulation of genes involved in lipolysis activation may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of obesity. In addition, down-regulation of growth factors and the up-regulation of MAPKs may indicate an attempt to restrain adipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, obesity is accompanied by an altered expression in omental adipose tissue of genes involved not only in energy homeostasis but also in quite diverse biological functions, such as immune response. The genomic approach underlines the importance of adipose tissue beyond energy metabolism.
Microfluidic Devices for Accessible Medical Diagnostics (2007)

This thesis covers devices exploring basic areas of physical and biological research including: surface plasmon enhanced InGaN light-emitting diode, analysis of using AlGaN emitters coupled with thin film heaters to cure onychomycosis infections, tunable organic transistors that use microfluidic source and drain electrodes, as well as an electrical microfluidic pressure gauge for PDMS MEMS. Also analyzed are devices created through the use of novel three-dimensional rapid prototyping techniques, such as: the replication of three-dimensional valves from printed wax molds, chemically robust three-dimensional monolithic SIFEL fluoropolymer microfluidics, microfluidic valves for customized radioactive positron emission dyes, reduction of microfluidic control inputs through the use of pressure multiplexing, bicuspid-inspired microfluidic check valves and microfluidic three-dimensional separation column. Devices created to analyze blood are also treated including: a microfluidic device to extract blood plasma from a fingerstick; inexpensive, portable immunoassay devices and their use in in small cell lung carcinoma and multiple sclerosis; as well as a device to screen metastasizing cancer cells. Devices created to perform polymerase chain reactions are also studied, including: an evaporative cooler for microfluidic channels, thermal management in microfluidics using micro-Peltier junctions in a microfluidic polymerase chain reaction system, and an accessible polymerase chain reaction system.
Scaling provider ethernet (2008)

We provide an overview of the IEEE provider backbone bridging standard and its associated traffic engineering standard. Furthermore, we relate these to the supporting work of the IEEE 802.1 committee.
Structure, function and immunogenicity of streptococcal antigen I/II polypeptides (1997)

The antigen I/II family of cell-surface-anchored polypeptides in oral streptococci are structurally complex multi-functional adhesins, with multiple ligand-binding sites. Discrete regions within these polypeptides bind human salivary glycoproteins, other microbial cells, and calcium. Sequences within the N-terminal region bind preferentially fluid-phase glycoproteins, while the C-terminal half of the polypeptide contains species-specific adhesion-mediating sequences that bind surface-immobilized glycoproteins. These features may assist streptococcal adhesion to oral surface receptors despite the presence of excess fluid-phase receptors. Immunological studies reveal an array of T-cell and B-cell epitopes presented by antigen I/II polypeptides and suggest the occurrence of natural suppression of human antibodies to the adhesion-mediating sequences. The functional and immunological properties of antigen I/II proteins may account to a major extent for the success of oral streptococci colonizing and surviving within the human host.
A model for beta-amyloid aggregation and neurotoxicity based on free radical generation by the peptide: relevance to Alzheimer disease. (1994)

beta-Amyloid is a 39- to 43-amino-acid neurotoxic peptide that aggregates to form the core of Alzheimer disease-associated senile (amyloid) plaques. No satisfactory hypothesis has yet been proposed to explain the mechanism of beta-amyloid aggregation and toxicity. We present mass spectrometric and electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping evidence that beta-amyloid, in aqueous solution, fragments and generates free radical peptides. beta-Amyloid fragments, at concentrations that previously have been shown to be neurotoxic to cultured neurons, can inactivate oxidation-sensitive glutamine synthetase and creatine kinase enzymes. Also, salicylate hydroxylation assays indicate that reactive oxygen species are generated by the beta-amyloid-(25-35) fragment during cell-free incubation. These results are formulated into a free radical-based unifying hypothesis for neurotoxicity of beta-amyloid and are discussed with reference to membrane molecular alterations in Alzheimer disease.
Potential Anticancer Agents.1 IV. Synthesis of Nucleosides Derived from 6-Deoxy-D-Allofuranose (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential Anticancer Agents.1 IV. Synthesis of Nucleosides Derived from 6-Deoxy-D-AllofuranoseElmer J. Reist, Leon Goodman, Roland R. Spencer, and B. R. BakerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 15, 3962–3966Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01548a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01548a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of nerve growth factor on the release of inflammatory mediators by mature human basophils (1992)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic cytokine known to regulate the survival and function of peripheral and central neuronal cells. Recently, the spectrum of action could be extended to non-neuronal cell types such as rat mast cells and human B lymphocytes. The present study shows that NGF affects the function of mature human basophils isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors. Both murine NGF 7S and recombinant human NGF beta enhance histamine release and strongly modulate the formation of lipid mediators by basophils in response to various stimuli. This priming effect of NGF on basophils occurs rapidly within 10 to 15 minutes of preincubation, is dose-dependent, and requires similarly low concentrations (1 to 40 pmol/L) of human NGF beta as the induction of neurite outgrowth in ganglion cells. Cell fractionation studies indicate that NGF acts directly on human basophils without an involvement of other cell types, suggesting the presence of high-affinity NGF receptors on basophils. NGF by itself (up to 4 nmol/L of human NGF beta) does not induce the release of inflammatory mediators directly. The effect of human NGF on basophil mediator release is similar to that of the hematopoietic growth factors interleukin-3, interleukin-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor. The present study further demonstrates that NGF acts as a pleiotropic cytokine at the interface between the nervous and the immune system, and that NGF may be involved in inflammatory processes and hypersensitivity reactions.
Increased MCL–1 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Ovarian Carcinomas (2002)

To investigate the potential role of the BCL-2 gene family (BAX, BCL-2, MCL-1, and BCL-XL) in ovarian cancer development and progression, mRNA expression levels of these genes were measured using semi-quantitative PCR in epithelial ovarian tumor tissues and normal ovaries. The immunohistochemical expression of MCL-1 in ovarian tumors was also examined. The expression levels of BAX and MCL-1 mRNA were significantly higher in ovarian cancers and in adenomas than in normal ovaries (P < 0.05). In contrast, the BCL-2 mRNA expression level in ovarian cancers was significantly lower than in ovarian adenomas and in normal ovaries (P < 0.05). Expression of BCL-XL mRNA was no different between normal ovaries and ovarian tumors. Log-rank testing showed that low BAX mRNA expression and high MCL-1 mRNA expression significantly correlate with poor survival for patients with stage III ovarian carcinomas (BAX, P = 0.05; MCL-1, P = 0.02). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that diffuse-positive expression of MCL-1 protein in mucinous carcinomas was significantly higher than in mucinous low malignant potential (LMP) tumors (P = 0.03). In ovarian cancer cases, diffuse-positive expression of MCL-1 protein significantly correlates with advanced clinical stage, high histologic grade, and poor survival (stage, P < 0.01; grade, P = 0.01; survival, P = 0.01). These results suggest that increased MCL-1 expression may play an important role in replacing the functions of increased BAX and decreased BCL-2 in ovarian carcinoma cells, thereby promoting cell survival, and resulting in a poor prognosis for patients with ovarian cancer.
Implementation of hot-carrier reliability simulation in Eldo (2002)

The implementation of all components of hot-carrier reliability simulation in Eldo is described in this paper. A repetitive simulation scheme has been adopted to ensure accurate prediction of the circuit-level degradation process under dynamic operating conditions. Two approaches for modeling the degraded MOS transistor have been implemented, namely, the parameter fitting method and a newly proposed /spl Delta/I/sub d/ model. The new model overcomes the discontinuity and subthreshold invalidity of the existing models. The model has proven high accuracy for two well known foundries on their 0.25 /spl mu/m technologies. Simulation is results on some direct applications like inverters and ring oscillator circuits are also presented in this paper.
New method for the chelation of indium-111 to monoclonal antibodies: biodistribution and imaging of athymic mice bearing human colon carcinoma xenografts. (1987)

B72.3, a murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) that reacts with 85% of human colon carcinomas as well as other epithelial neoplasias, was labeled with 111In using four chelating agents: 1-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-DTPA (SCN-Bz-DTPA), isobutylcarboxycarbonic anhydride (MA-DTPA), cyclic anhydride (CA-DTPA), and 1-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (SCN-Bz-EDTA). Comparative biodistribution and imaging studies were performed in athymic mice bearing human colon carcinoma xenografts (LS-174T). Tumor uptake of radiolabel was very similar between the chelates (30% ID/g) and tumors were identified in scintigraphic images with all the chelate-antibody complexes. The uptake by normal organs, especially the liver, was greater for MA-DTPA, CA-DTPA, and SCN-Bz-EDTA chelate-B72.3 IgG (1.3:1 to 2.5:1) in comparison to that found with the B72.3-SCN-Bz-DTPA (approximately 5:1) and abdominal organ, and uptake was very prominent on imaging with these chelate-MAb complexes but was virtually absent in the mice injected with B72.3-SCN-Bz-DTPA. Purification of the MAb-chelate complex by Sephadex G-50 chromatography followed by HPLC using a TSK-3000 column provided better subsequent biodistribution and also resulted in clearer images as compared to MAb chelate complexes purified by less rigorous purification protocols. We conclude that the 111In-SCN-Bz-DTPA complex is superior, at least when bound to MAb B72.3, to other chelate-complexes currently in use.
Harnessing the Power of the Immune System to Target Cancer (2012)

For many years, immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer held more promise than actual clinical benefit for the majority of patients. However, several recent key advances in tumor immunology have now turned the tide in favor of immunotherapy for the treatment of many different cancer types. In this review, we describe four of the most effective immunotherapeutic approaches currently used in the clinic: cancer vaccines, immunostimulatory agents, adoptive T cell therapy, and immune checkpoint blockade. In addition, we discuss some of the most promising future strategies that aim to utilize multiple immunotherapies or combine them with other approaches to more effectively target cancer.
Two genes encoding uracil phosphoribosyltransferase are present in Bacillus subtilis (1995)

Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRTase) catalyzes the key reaction in the salvage of uracil in many microorganisms. Surprisingly, two genes encoding UPRTase activity were cloned from Bacillus subtilis by complementation of an Escherichia coli mutant. The genes were sequenced, and the putative amino acid sequences were deduced. One gene showed a high level of homology to UPRTases from other organisms, whereas the other gene with a low level of homology to other UPRTases turned out to be the pyrR gene--the repressor of the pyr operon. The role of these genes in uracil metabolism was established by an analysis of the phenotypes of upp and pyrR mutants.