gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biliary cholesterol excretion: A novel mechanism that regulates dietary cholesterol absorption (1998)

The regulation of dietary cholesterol absorption was examined in C57BL/6 and transgenic mice with liver overexpression of the scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI Tg). In C57BL/6 animals, feeding 0.02 to 1% (wt/wt) dietary cholesterol resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the percentage of dietary cholesterol absorbed. A plot of total daily mass of dietary cholesterol absorbed versus the percentage by weight of cholesterol in the diet yielded a curve suggesting a saturable process with a Km of 0.4% (wt/wt) and a Vmax of 0.65 mg cholesterol/g body weight per day. Dietary cholesterol suppressed hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase activity, stimulated cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase activity, and enhanced fecal excretion of bile acids, but none of these changes correlated with the percentage of dietary cholesterol absorption. Dietary cholesterol also caused an increase in biliary cholesterol concentration, and in this case the concentration of biliary cholesterol was strongly and inversely correlated with the percentage dietary cholesterol absorption (r = -0.63, P < 0.0001). Biliary cholesterol concentration was also directly correlated with daily cholesterol intake, dietary cholesterol mass absorption, and liver cholesterol ester content. Transgene-induced overexpression of SR-BI resulted in a stimulation of excretion of cholesterol into the bile and suppressed percentage dietary cholesterol absorption. Furthermore, biliary cholesterol levels in SR-BI Tg mice were strongly and inversely correlated with the percentage of dietary cholesterol absorbed (r = -0.99, P < 0.0008). In summary, these results suggest that the excretion of cholesterol into the bile plays an important role in regulating the percentage absorption of dietary cholesterol.
DEVELOPMENT OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED SOYBEAN OILS FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS (1996)

ABSTRACT The major use of the ten billion pounds or so of soybean oil produced in the US is for food products such as cooking oils, shortenings and margarines. Refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) soybean oil used for cooking is usually hydrogenated to increase storage life and stability during frying. RBD soybean oil is also extensively hydrogenated to increase melting point for functionality in shortenings and margarines. Hydrogenation results in oils rich in trans fatty acids, the consumption of which may be associated with coronary heart disease. RBD oils used for salad oils are not hydrogenated but are rich in palmitic acid, the consumption of which has also been associated with coronary heart disease. Therefore, it is nutritionally desirable to produce trans‐free soybean oils rich in monounsaturated fatty acids with reduced palmitic acid for cooking and soybean oils with no saturated fatty acids for salad oils. It is also desirable to produce trans‐free oils rich in stearic and oleic acids for shortenings and margarines. Cloned genes may be introduced into soybeans to create transgenic lines with improved oil traits. The design of transgene constructs has been assisted by the use of soybean somatic embryos in suspension culture as a model system for soybean seed transformation. This system has allowed the selection of the right genes and promoters to achieve the desired phenotypes in transgenic soybeans. Current soybeans in development include lines producing oil with reduced palmitic acid, lines with over 80% oleic acid and lines with up to 30% stearic acid. Commercialization of high oleic acid transgenic soybeans has demonstrated that it is possible to drastically alter the fatty acid composition of a soybean seed without affecting the yield or environmental sensitivity of the soybean plant.
Seven Phrase Penetration Testing Model (2012)

Generally in penetration testing process a simple way to test a system is held by primary analysis and formal methods, Based on the observation that most security flaws are triggered due to a flawed interaction with the environment Herein have describe an approach for testing web application and database integration system for possible security flaws. This approach is to be included in a dynamic model which have the aim to bind the complex and lengthy procedure of penetration testing process. Proposed approach is prepared a model using seven different Phases called as Seven Phase Penetration Testing Model (SPPT-Model). It simplifies the complex penetration testing procedure and allow penetration tester to evaluate accurately what faults to be exist in the target system. The dynamic model of penetration testing can be implementing freely and efficiently on almost all type of applications. This scheme can be used to classify informatics, analytical, complex, logical, well-known and common security flaws of web application.
Phase II Trial of Biweekly Administration of Vinorelbine and Gemcitabine in Pretreated Advanced Breast Cancer (2002)

GEM in combination with VRL is an active regimen for advanced breast cancer patients, and biweekly administration significantly reduces myelotoxicity.
Prophylaxis of Migraine, Transformed Migraine, and Cluster Headache with Topiramate (2002)

For both patients with transformed migraine (add-on therapy) and patients with episodic migraine (first-line monotherapy), topiramate yielded significant reductions in migraine frequency, migraine severity, number of headache days/month, and use of abortive medications. Topiramate also appears to be well tolerated and useful in the adjunctive treatment of cluster headache. Prospective double-blind, placebo-controlled trials will be required to confirm our results.
Carotid Baroreflex Activation: Past, Present, and Future (2010)

Electrical activation of the carotid baroreceptor system is an attractive therapy for the treatment of resistant hypertension. In the past, several attempts were made to directly activate the baroreceptor system in humans, but the method had to be restricted to a few selected patients. Adverse effects, the need for better electrical devices and better surgical techniques, and the lack of knowledge about long-term effects has greatly hampered developments in this area for many years. Recently, a new and promising device was evaluated in a multicenter feasibility trial, which showed a clinically and statistically significant reduction in office systolic blood pressure (>20 mm Hg). This reduction could be sustained for at least 2 years with an acceptable safety profile. In the future, this new device may stimulate further application of electrical activation of the carotid baroreflex in treatment-resistant hypertension.
The In Vitro Restoration of Red Cell 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Levels in Banked Blood (1971)

Abstract The demonstration that red cell levels of 2,3-DPG play a central role in determining the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen has resulted in a renewed interest in methods for maintaining or restoring the level of this organic phosphate in stored blood. The effects of addition of inorganic phosphate, inosine and pyruvate, individually or in various combinations, all in a final concentration of 10 mM were evaluated 1 and 4 hours after supplementation of ACD-stored blood, 21 to 28 days old. In 14 studies the initial 2,3-DPG level averaged 176 mµmoles/ ml. RBC. In normal fresh blood the 2,3-DPG was 4200 ± 400 mµmoles/ml. RBC. Inosine addition raised the 2,3-DPG to 1395, inosine and phosphate to 1528, inosine and pyruvate to 3363, while the combination of inosine, pyruvate and phosphate increased the level to 6637 mµmoles/ml. RBC. After 2-3 hours of incubation most of the 2,3-DPG restoration had occured. The maximum effects did not require prior pH correction of the blood. Although inosine in a final concentration of 10 mM was required for optimum effects, the phosphate and pyruvate concentrations could be reduced to 4 mM. In the presence of inosine and phosphate alone the red cell accumulated large quantities of triose phosphates, fructose diphosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. These levels were reduced by the addition of pyruvate. Pyruvate addition appears necessary to provide sufficient NAD for maximum 2,3-DPG synthesis. Associated with 2,3-DPG restoration of the stored blood there was a rise in the P50 (the oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated) from a mean of 16.7 to 31.6 mm. Hg.
수용 및 전념치료(ACT)의 명상작업 (2009)

본고는 ACT에서의 명상이 어떻게 적용하고 있는지를 고찰하는 것이다. ACT는 인지행동치료에서 제3의 물결에 해당된다. 이것의 특징은 인지행동처럼 불쾌한 감정이나 사고를 수용하고 지켜보는 방법을 강조한다. ACT의 핵심기술은 명상과 행동의 양측 면으로 분류할 수가 있다. 명상의 측면은 수용(acceptance), 탈융합(defusion), 현재의 접촉(contact with the present), 문맥적 자아(self as context) 등이고, 행동과 관련해서는 가치탐색(values clarification)과 행동전념 (committed action) 등이다. 명상은 환자에게 정신적인 여유의 공간을 확보하여, 가치 있는 삶을 살 수 있게 돕는다는 점에서 핵심된 기술이다. 수용, 탈융합, 현재의 접촉은 위빠사나의 명상과 문맥적 자아는 간화선의 방법을 채택한 점이 특징적이다.
Rat transgenic models with a phenotype of intracellular Aβ accumulation in hippocampus and cortex (2004)

In this communication we report the characterization of several transgenic rat lines expressing human AbetaPP carrying the Swedish and Indiana mutations (coded UKUR28), the human presenilin 1 transgene with the 'Finn' mutation (coded UKUR19) and double transgenic rats expressing both transgenes (coded UKUR25). In these Tg rats, the AbetaPP and PS1 transgene expression was largely restricted to the hippocampus and neocortex. The PS1 transgenic rats did not produce visible changes in Abeta immunoreactivity. The AbetaPP transgenic rats (both the single Tg UKUR28, and double Tg UKUR25) generated a phenotype of intra-neuronalbeta accumulation without plaque formation and with no increased immunoreactivity for AbetaPP amino and carboxyl-terminal epitopes. This phenotype was apparent as early as 6 months of age in the transgenic rat lines carrying the human AbetaPP transgene. No senile plaques of aggregated Abeta were observed in any of the transgenic lines generated, up to 24 months of age. The hAbetaPP single homozygous Tg line (UKUR28) showed an increase in ERK2, without changes in glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) activity. A preliminary protein analysis of the hippocampus of the double transgenic rat (UKUR25) by mass spectrometry showed differences in the protein profile between this transgenic line and controls.
Sentiment Classification based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (2015)

Opinion miningrefers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis and computational linguistics to identify and extract the subjective information. Opinion Mining has become an indispensible part of online reviews which is in the present scenario.In the field of information retrieval, a various kinds of probabilistic topic modeling techniques have been used to analyze contents present in a document. A topic model is a generative technique for document. All topic models share the idea that documents are having mixture of topics, and the topic is a probability distribution over words. Recently topic modeling techniques have been used to identify the meaningful review aspects, but existing topic models like Latent Dirichlet Markov Allocation (LDMA), hierarchical aspect sentiment model (HASM) do not identify aspect specific opinion words and also not suitable for shared features. In the proposed system, movie review dataset is collected from the IMDB database and is preprocessed. TF-IDF is calculated for the preprocessed data and result is given to LDA model which is then used to discover both the aspects and aspect specific opinion words. After that CHI value has been determined, SVM classifier is used to classify the topics preferable to each and every document.
Cooperative Signals Governing ARF-Mdm2 Interaction and Nucleolar Localization of the Complex (2000)

The ARF tumor suppressor protein stabilizes p53 by antagonizing its negative regulator, Mdm2 (Hdm2 in humans). Both mouse p19(ARF) and human p14(ARF) bind to the central region of Mdm2 (residues 210 to 304), a segment that does not overlap with its N-terminal p53-binding domain, nuclear import or export signals, or C-terminal RING domain required for Mdm2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The N-terminal 37 amino acids of mouse p19(ARF) are necessary and sufficient for binding to Mdm2, localization of Mdm2 to nucleoli, and p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. Although a nucleolar localization signal (NrLS) maps within a different segment (residues 82 to 101) of the human p14(ARF) protein, binding to Mdm2 and nucleolar import of ARF-Mdm2 complexes are both required for cell cycle arrest induced by either the mouse or human ARF proteins. Because many codons of mouse ARF mRNA are not recognized by the most abundant bacterial tRNAs, we synthesized ARF minigenes containing preferred bacterial codons. Using bacterially produced ARF polypeptides and chemically synthesized peptides conjugated to Sepharose, residues 1 to 14 and 26 to 37 of mouse p19(ARF) were found to interact independently and cooperatively with Mdm2, while residues 15 to 25 were dispensable for binding. Paradoxically, residues 26 to 37 of mouse p19(ARF) are also essential for ARF nucleolar localization in the absence of Mdm2. However, the mobilization of the p19(ARF)-Mdm2 complex into nucleoli also requires a cryptic NrLS within the Mdm2 C-terminal RING domain. The Mdm2 NrLS is unmasked upon ARF binding, and its deletion prevents import of the ARF-Mdm2 complex into nucleoli. Collectively, the results suggest that ARF binding to Mdm2 induces a conformational change that facilitates nucleolar import of the ARF-Mdm2 complex and p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. Hence, the ARF-Mdm2 interaction can be viewed as bidirectional, with each protein being capable of regulating the subnuclear localization of the other.
Eye and Brain: The Psychology of Seeing - Fifth Edition (1997)

Since the publication of the first edition in 1966, Eye and Brain has established itself worldwide as an essential introduction to the basic phenomena of visual perception. Richard Gregory offers clear explanations of how we see brightness, movement, color, and objects, and he explores the phenomena of visual illusions to establish principles about how perception normally works and why it sometimes fails.Illusion continues to be a major theme in the book, which provides a comprehensive classification system. There are also sections on what babies see and how they learn to see, on motion perception, the relationship between vision and consciousness, and on the impact of new brain imaging techniques
Increased systemic and myocardial expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in clinical and experimental heart failure (2009)

Our demonstration of enhanced systemic and myocardial NGAL expression in clinical and experimental HF further support a role for innate immune responses in the pathogenesis of HF.
RNA‐Selective Modification by a Platinum(II) Complex Conjugated to Amino‐ and Guanidinoglycosides (2005)

Revving up the RNA response: Binding of the anticancer drug cisplatin (cis-Pt) to nucleic acids is believed to favor DNA over RNA. To “reverse” the nucleic acid selectivity of cis-Pt, amino- and guanidinoglycoside–PtII conjugates (1 and 2) have been synthesized and evaluated. The conjugates generate site-specific, RNA-selective, covalent cross-links to the HIV-1 Rev response element. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z461182_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Analysis of Strand Slippage in DNA Polymerase Expansions of CAG/CTG Triplet Repeats Associated with Neurodegenerative Disease (1998)

Lengthy expansions of trinucleotide repeats are found in DNA of patients suffering severe neurodegenerative age-related diseases. Using a synthetic self-priming DNA, containing CAG and CTG repeats implicated in Huntington's disease and several other neurological disorders, we measure the equilibrium distribution of hairpin folding and generate triplet repeat expansions by polymerase-catalyzed extensions of the hairpin folds. Expansions occur by slippage in steps of two CAG triplets when the self-priming sequence (CTG)16(CAG)4 is extended with proofreading-defective Klenow fragment (KF exo-) from Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. Slippage by two triplets is 20 times more frequent than by one triplet, in accordance with our finding that hairpin loops with even numbers of triplets are 1-2 kcal/mol more stable than their odd-numbered counterparts. By measuring triplet repeat expansions as they evolve over time, individual rate constants for expansion from 4 to 18 CAG repeats are obtained. An empirical expression is derived from the data, enabling the prediction of slippage rates from the ratio of hairpin CTG/CTG interactions to CAG/CTG interactions. Slippage is initiated internally in the hairpin folds in preference to melting inward from the 3' terminus. The same triplet expansions are obtained using proofreading-proficient KF exo+, provided 10-100-fold higher dNTP concentrations are present to counteract the effect of 3'-exonucleolytic proofreading.
Delayed release phosphatidylcholine as new therapeutic drug for ulcerative colitis – a review of three clinical trials (2010)

rPC is, to our knowledge, the first causative therapeutic option for patients with UC.
膏体—未来的充填材料？（第一部分） (1992)

把所有尾矿回填到原来的产出地点,这一构想正在成为现实。未来的矿山将不得不这样做,因为既有环保方面的压力,又难得允许构筑和经营新的尾矿库。膏体充填是一项相当新颖的技术,它可以使矿主利用全部尾矿作地下充填材料,其优点非常突出: ·不必构筑复杂和费钱的挡墙; ·矿山排水费用大大减少; ·充填体强度比普通脱泥尾矿的强度
Spin-transfer-torque reversal in perpendicular anisotropy spin valves with composite free layers (2011)

We describe modeling of spin-transfer-torque (STT) driven reversal in nanopillars with strong out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy where the free layer is a magnetically hard-soft composite structure. By adjusting the exchange coupling between the hard and soft layers, we observed reduced current amplitude and pulse durations required to reverse the magnetization compared to a homogeneous free layer of comparable thermal stability. The reduction in critical current comes from the increased STT efficiency acting on the soft layer. As such, the switching current is relatively insensitive to the damping parameter of the magnetic hard layer. These properties make composite free layers promising candidates for STT-based magnetic memories.
Preoperative Thromboelastometry as a Predictor of Transfusion Requirements during Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation (2015)

Preoperative thromboelastometric analysis is helpful to predict transfusion requirements in adult living donor liver transplant recipients. This may allow for better preparation and less cross-matching prior to surgery. The findings of our study need to be re-validated in a second prospective patient population.
Intraoperative Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic, Biliary and Gastric Carcinoma: The US Experience (2015)

The experience with pancreatic, biliary and gastric cancer in the US has demonstrated that IORT is technically a feasible and therapeutically relatively safe modality. However, much research remains to be done. The toxicity in humans of single large dose radiation to normal tissue has not been firmly established. Clinical studies must be able to demonstrate the efficacy of IORT as well as a therapeutic advantage for this approach. IORT is potentially a very effective adjuvant therapy in treating tumors which are technically difficult to treat surgically or which have a high rate of recurrence following radical surgery. The combination of surgery and IORT may improve local control of the tumor by removing gross disease and identifying areas of potential risk for recurrence. Regional and distant failure, however, remains a problem. Because of this, future investigations are underway to combine chemotherapy with IORT, surgery and EBRT. The effectiveness of IORT needs to be established with prospective randomized trials. The appeal of this procedure is demonstrated by its rapidly growing popularity, and this very appeal requires that the value of the procedure be determined.
Primary structures of two low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors from potatoes (1982)

The amino acid sequences of two low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors from Russet Burbank potatoes have been determined. One of these, a chymotrypsin inhibitor, is a peptide of 52 amino acid residues, while the second inhibitor, which is specific for trypsin, contains 51 amino acid residues. These peptides are highly homologous, differing at only nine positions. At position 38, the chymotrypsin inhibitor possesses leucine and the trypsin inhibitor an arginine. This difference probably represents the P1 sites, which are consistent with the respective specificities of the two inhibitors. The inhibitors are also homologous with potato inhibitor II and with an inhibitor previously isolated from eggplants.
Terrestrial Concentrator PV Modules Based on GaInP/GaAs/Ge TJ Cells and Minilens Panels (2006)

This paper is a description of research activity in the field of cost-effective modules realizing the concept of very high solar concentration with small-aperture area Fresnel lenses and multijunction III-V cells. Structural simplicity and "all-glass" design are the guiding principles of the corresponding development. The advanced concentrator modules are made with silicone Fresnel lens panels (from 8 up to 144 lenses, each lens is 4times4 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in aperture area) with composite structure. GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cells with average efficiencies of 31.1 and 34.7% at 1000 suns were used for the modules. Conversion efficiency as high as 26.3% has been measured indoors in a test module using a newly developed large-area solar simulator
Allosteric inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor revealed by ibudilast (2010)

AV411 (ibudilast; 3-isobutyryl-2-isopropylpyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridine) is an antiinflammatory drug that was initially developed for the treatment of bronchial asthma but which also has been used for cerebrovascular and ocular indications. It is a nonselective inhibitor of various phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and has varied antiinflammatory activity. More recently, AV411 has been studied as a possible therapeutic for the treatment of neuropathic pain and opioid withdrawal through its actions on glial cells. As described herein, the PDE inhibitor AV411 and its PDE-inhibition-compromised analog AV1013 inhibit the catalytic and chemotactic functions of the proinflammatory protein, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Enzymatic analysis indicates that these compounds are noncompetitive inhibitors of the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) tautomerase activity of MIF and an allosteric binding site of AV411 and AV1013 is detected by NMR. The allosteric inhibition mechanism is further elucidated by X-ray crystallography based on the MIF/AV1013 binary and MIF/AV1013/HPP ternary complexes. In addition, our antibody experiments directed against MIF receptors indicate that CXCR2 is the major receptor for MIF-mediated chemotaxis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Role of substrata in determining the growth topology of transformed and nontransformed cells in culture (1984)

Cylindrical DEAE cellulose anion exchangers (DE-53), generally used for chromatography, were found suitable as a substratum for cultivating cells. Embryonic avian and mammalian cells cultured on DE-53 microcarriers (MC) grow in multilayers, while the same embryonic cells when transformed by avian sarcoma virus (ASV) grow in monolayers. These patterns of cell growth differ from those of normal and transformed cells grown on conventional glass or plastic Petri dishes, or on beaded MC. Cells derived from established cell lines such as BHK, HeLa, L-929, MDCK, and VERO grow in monolayer on these MC. A human adenocarcinoma cell line is the only exception growing in a multilayer form. These results indicate that the ability of cultured cells to grow in multilayers, is determined not only by their state of transformation but also by the properties of the support on which they are cultured.