gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Vadose Zone Water Flux from Multi‐Functional Heat Pulse Probe Measurements (2005)

A small multi‐functional heat pulse probe (MFHPP) was applied to further develop measurement methodologies to improve on water flux estimations for unsaturated soils. The temperature responses of four thermistors surrounding a central heater in a 2.7‐cm diam. probe were analyzed by the heat transport equation to estimate thermal properties and convective heat flow. Volumetric heat capacity, water content, and thermal diffusivity were estimated from the horizontally placed thermistors, neglecting the convective flow effects in the transverse direction, whereas the water flux density was estimated from the temperature responses to the vertically placed thermistors. A parameter optimization technique was employed to fit the most likely parameters to the relevant analytical solutions. Falling head and multi‐step outflow experiments yielded independently obtained water flux measurements. Results showed that the estimated volumetric water content corresponded well with independent gravimetric measurements with a RMSE of 0.0056 m 3 m −3 , across a wide range of water fluxes smaller than 0.5 m d −1 Thermal diffusivity values as obtained with the MFHHP also agreed well with independently measured thermal diffusivity values, for water flux density values smaller than 2 m d −1 For saturated conditions, the estimated water fluxes from the MFHPP measurements were accurate in the range between 0.056 and 27.0 m d −1 , with a R of 0.995 and RSME of 0.0952 log(m d −1 ) (0.52 m d −1 ). For unsaturated flow, MFHHP estimations significantly overestimated water flux density for flux values smaller than 0.10 m d −1 Within these limitations, we conclude that MFHPP methodologies are now available, making possible simultaneous estimation of thermal diffusivity and water flux density in unsaturated soils.
Human natural killer cell receptors involved in MHC class I recognition are disulfide-linked heterodimers of CD94 and NKG2 subunits (1996)

CD94 receptors expressed on NK cells have been implicated in the recognition of certain HLA class I allotypes. We now demonstrate that CD94 glycoproteins form disulfide-bonded heterodimers with the NKG2A/B, NKG2C, and NKG2E glycoproteins. NKG2A/B possesses two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) sequences in its cytoplasmic domain, which may be responsible for the inhibitory function of these receptors, whereas other NKG2 proteins lack ITIMs and may potentially transmit positive signals. Structural heterogeneity in the NKG2 gene family and the formation of heterodimers with CD94 provides for the creation of a diverse NK cell repertoire.
Electron micrographic studies of transport of oligodeoxynucleotides across eukaryotic cell membranes. (1994)

Unmodified oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) were synthesized and tested for their ability to cross external eukaryotic cell membranes and to enter the cytosol and nucleus in tissue cultures. The ODNs were labeled with high-specific-activity [3H]thymidine (> or = 100 Ci/mmol), or [ alpha-32P]ATP or [ gamma-32P]ATP (300-1000 Ci/mmol; 1 Ci = 37 GBq), and the label was either in the central portion of the molecule or at the 3' or 5' end. The cells employed were for the most part 3T6 murine fibroblasts, grown in monolayers, either semiconfluent or confluent, but some experiments were carried out with chicken embryo fibroblasts or human HeLa cells. Parallel wells in the same experiment were prepared for electron microscopy or for cell fractionation and radioactivity assays. Electron microscopic autoradiography indicated that ODNs cross the external cell membrane, traverse the cytosol, and begin to enter the cell nucleus within a few seconds to 5 min at 37 degrees C in Dulbecco's medium without added serum. After 30-60 min of incubation with ODNs, abundant silver grains were observed at or just inside the nuclear membrane or well distributed across the nucleus, particularly in association with euchromatin. There was a paucity of silver grains associated with nucleoli. Cell entry of oligomer was related to cell cycling events and was energy dependent. Degradation of oligomer to monomers, with reincorporation into DNA, does not appear to explain these results. No sequestration of labeled oligomer in cytoplasmic vesicles en route from the exterior of the cell to the nucleus was observed. The observations are more suggestive of internalization of oligonucleotide by a mechanism as yet unclear or, alternatively, by a caveolar, potocytotic mechanism rather than by endocytosis.
促銷方式與促銷情境對消費者購買意願影響之探討—以e-learning形式為干擾變數 (2010)

The change of consumer market further into the virtual access of on-line behavior in the daily life and purchase incentive and promotion situation of excellent design triggered an interest in the study of consumer’s purchasing behavior in the e-learning. Campbell & Diamond (1990) found monetary promotion can be the most aware by the consumer to raise purchasing intention. When promotion offered better incentives, consumers prefer the promotion premium at a discount (Diamond, 1992). The study of Inman and so on (1997) found promotion activities to adopt a time limited way can advance attractive promotions. Consumers want to make the most bargain purchasing decisions so he raised purchasing restrictions such as the purchasing intention of time limited, amount limited and premium price at a discount. In the past, relative studies of e-learning and purchasing intention under promotion situation are rare.

This study used 3*2*2*4 between-subjects experimental design to examine the effect of e-learning referent price promotion type and promotion situation on consumer’s purchasing intention. And it also examined the moderating effect of e-learning (four types) of tuition courses (three kinds). 

This study found out that promotion type (reference price) was significant difference on consumer’s purchasing intention. But this study could not find out a significant moderating effect on consumer’s purchasing intention in promotion type (reference price) or promotion situation (time limited). Conclusions above were inferred that subjects could not distinguish four types e-learning very much.
Supramolecular Catalysis of Olefin [2 + 2] Photodimerization (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSupramolecular Catalysis of Olefin [2 + 2] PhotodimerizationDario M. Bassani, Vincent Darcos, Sarah Mahony, and Jean-Pierre DesvergneView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique CNRS UMR 5802 Université Bordeaux 1 33405 Talence Cedex, France Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 36, 8795–8796Publication Date (Web):August 24, 2000Publication History Received12 June 2000Published online24 August 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja002089ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja002089erapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1335Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysis,Irradiation,Molecular structure,Oligomers,Supramolecular structures and assemblies Get e-Alerts
Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 are increased in chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia and correlate with clinical stage and prognostic markers [see comments] (1994)

The serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were significantly elevated (P &lt; .001) in patients with chronic B- lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL, n = 113) compared with healthy controls (n = 31). sICAM-1 levels in B-CLL were positively correlated to the tumor mass as reflected by the modified Rai and the Binet staging systems, lymphocyte counts, and isolated spleno/hepatomegaly. During disease progression or regression on cytoreductive therapy, the circulating sICAM-1 levels changed accordingly. sICAM-1 was also correlated to a kinetic parameter such as the lymphocyte doubling time. Furthermore, the serum sICAM-1 levels were inversely correlated to hemoglobin levels in patients with early clinical stage, and this may turn out to be of prognostic value. sICAM-1 was compared with other serum markers said to reflect disease activity in B-CLL, ie, soluble CD23, thymidine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and beta 2-microglobulin. sICAM-1 was equally well or better correlated to clinical stage and lymphocyte doubling time. In univariate regression analysis, all serum markers but LDH correlated with survival, and in multivariate analysis, sICAM-1 was the only marker approaching significance for additional prognostic information when included after clinical stage and lymphocyte doubling time. Based on the present observations, it appears that prospective studies repeatedly monitoring serum sICAM-1 in B-CLL are justified.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 has a physiological role in the control of postprandial glucose in humans: studies with the antagonist exendin 9-39. (1999)

Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-36) amide (GLP-1) is postulated to be the major physiological incretin in humans, but evidence is indirect. We report the first studies examining the physiological role of GLP-1 in the postprandial state in humans using the GLP-1 antagonist exendin 9-39. Exendin 9-39 completely blocked GLP-1-induced glucose-stimulated insulin release from perifused human islets of Langerhans. In healthy fasted volunteers, intravenous infusion of exendin 9-39 at 500 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) in the hyperglycemic state abolished the insulinotropic effect of a physiological dose of GLP-1 and fully reversed the glucose-lowering effect of GLP-1. Nine healthy subjects consumed a 150-g oral glucose tolerance test and were infused with 500 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) exendin 9-39 or saline. Exendin 9-39 increased the peak postprandial glucose level (exendin 9-39, 8.67 +/- 0.35 vs. saline, 7.67 +/- 0.35 mmol/l, P < or = 0.005) and increased postprandial plasma glucose incremental area under the curve by 35% (exendin 9-39, 152 +/- 19 vs. saline, 113 +/- 16 mmol x min x l(-1), P < or = 0.05). This could be explained as partly secondary to the blockade of glucose-induced suppression of glucagon and maybe also to an increased rate of gastric emptying. Thus, in humans exendin 9-39 acts as an antagonist of GLP-1 both in vitro and in vivo. When infused alone, exendin 9-39 causes a deterioration in postprandial glycemic control, suggesting that GLP-1 may be important for maintenance of normal postprandial glucose homeostasis in humans.
Synthesis of new bis(aminoethanethiol) (BAT) derivatives: possible ligands for 99mTc brain imaging agents (1985)

In developing new brain perfusion imaging agents for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), five 99mTc-labeled neutral bis(aminoethanethiol) (BAT) derivatives capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier are reported. The five ligands are prepared by two versatile synthetic methods that can specifically introduce substituents on one of the carbons between two nitrogens. These ligands formed stable and neutral complexes with the reduced 99mTc, using either Sn(II) or sodium borohydride to reduce sodium [99mTc]pertechnetate. The biodistribution in rats was evaluated with [125I]iodoantipyrine, a freely diffusible tracer, as the internal reference. Compounds with a free hydroxyl group, 6 and 15, showed lower brain uptake. High initial brain uptake was observed for compounds 10 and 14, 1.28 and 2.30% dose/organ, respectively. Compounds of this type may be used as a basis for future structural modification to improve brain uptake and retention.
Cloning of the cDNA for Canine Interferon-γ (1992)

We have taken advantage of conserved regions of cDNA sequences for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) from other species to design polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers capable of amplifying the protein-coding region of the canine mRNA. We report here the cDNA cloning of this region from dog lymphocytes and the cDNA sequence. The predicted amino acid sequence is also reported and compared to the known sequences of these other species. The molecular clone for the canine IFN-gamma will allow direct study of this important cytokine's role in graft rejection in the widely used experimental canine transplant model.
Anti-MY9-blocked-ricin: an immunotoxin for selective targeting of acute myeloid leukemia cells (1991)

The use of immunotoxins (IT) to selectively destroy acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells in vivo or in vitro is complicated by both the antigenic similarity of AML cells to normal progenitor cells and the difficulty of producing a sufficiently toxic conjugate. The monoclonal antibody (MoAb) anti-MY9 is potentially ideal for selective recognition of AML cells because it reacts with an antigen (CD33) found on clonogenic AML cells from greater than 80% of cases and does not react with normal pluripotent stem cells. In this study, we describe an immunotoxin that is selectively active against CD33+ AML cells: Anti- MY9-blocked-Ricin (Anti-MY9-bR), comprised of anti-MY9 conjugated to a modified whole ricin that has its nonspecific binding eliminated by chemical blockage of the galactose binding domains of the B-chain. A limiting dilution assay was used to measure elimination of HL-60 leukemic cells from a 20-fold excess of normal bone marrow cells. Depletion of CD33+ HL-60 cells was found to be dependent on the concentration of Anti-MY9-bR and on the duration of incubation with IT at 37 degrees C. More than 4 logs of these leukemic cells were specifically depleted following short exposure to high concentrations (10(-8) mol/L) of Anti-MY9-bR. Incubation with much lower concentrations of Anti-MY9-bR (10(-10) mol/L), as compatible with in vivo administration, resulted in 2 logs of depletion of HL-60 cells, but 48 to 72 hours of continuous exposure were required. Anti-MY9-bR was also shown to be toxic to primary AML cells, with depletion of greater than 2 logs of clonogenic cells following incubation with Anti- MY9-bR 10(-8) mol/L at 37 degrees C for 5 hours. Activity of Anti-MY9- bR could be blocked by unconjugated Anti-MY9 but not by galactose. As expected, Anti-MY9-bR was toxic to normal colony-forming unit granulocyte-monocyte (CFU-GM), which expresses CD33, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and also to burst-forming unit-erythroid and CFU-granulocyte, erythroid, monocyte, megakaryocyte, although to a lesser extent. When compared with anti-MY9 and complement (C′), Anti- MY9-bR could be used in conditions that provided more effective depletion of AML cells with substantially less depletion of normal CFU- GM. Therefore, Anti-MY9-bR may have clinical utility for in vitro purging of AML cells from autologous marrow when used at high IT concentrations for short incubation periods. Much lower concentrations of Anti-MY9-bR that can be maintained for longer periods may be useful for elimination of AML cells in vivo.
Pattern classification of time-series EEG signals using neural networks (2002)

This paper proposes a pattern classification method of time-series EEG signals using neural networks. To achieve successful classification for non-stationary EEG signals, a new network structure that combines a probabilistic neural network and recurrent neural filters is used. This network is suitable for expressing statistical and time-varying characteristics of time-series EEG signals. In the experiments, two types of photic stimulation caused by eye opening/closing and by artificial light are used to measure the EEG data. It is shown that the proposed network can achieve high classification performance.
Nasal Delivery of Proteins and Peptides (2017)

ournal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences is to encourage pharmacists, clinicians and scientists to publish their original experimental, theoretical and clinical outcome as research papers and can be accessed straight away to wider interested readers.
Thirty‐Six Month Follow‐up of 25 Patients Treated With Combination Anorganic Bovine‐Derived Hydroxyapatite Matrix (ABM)/Cell‐Binding Peptide (P‐15) Bone Replacement Grafts in Human Infrabony Defects. I. Clinical Findings (2002)

These favorable 3-year results with ABM/P-15 suggest that it may have a beneficial effect in the long-term clinical management of infrabony defects. Further long-term randomized controlled studies are needed to better assess the role of ABM/P-15 in long-term healing of periodontal osseous defects.
Adhesivity and rigidity of erythrocyte membrane in relation to wheat germ agglutinin binding. (1984)

Binding of the plant lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to erythrocyte membranes causes membrane rigidification. One of our objectives has been to directly measure the effects of WGA binding on membrane rigidity and to relate rigidification to the kinetics and levels of WGA binding. Our other objective has been to measure the strength of adhesion and mechanics of cell separation for erythrocytes bound together by WGA. The erythrocyte membrane rigidity was measured on single cells by micropipette aspiration. The slope of the suction pressure-length data for entry into the pipette provided the measure of the membrane extensional modulus. Data were collected for cells equilibrated with WGA solutions in the range of concentrations of 0.01-10 micrograms/ml. Erythrocyte-erythrocyte adherence properties were studied by micropipette separation of two-cell aggregates. First, a "test" cell was selected from a WGA solution by aspiration into a small micropipette, then transferred to a separate chamber that contained erythrocytes in WGA-free buffer. Here, a second cell was aspirated with another pipette and maneuvered into close proximity of the test cell surface, and adhesive contact was produced. The flaccid cell was separated from the test cell surface in steps at which the force of attachment was derived from the pipette suction pressure and cell geometry. In addition, we measured the time-dependent binding and release of fluorescently labeled WGA to single erythrocytes with a laser microfluorometry system. The results showed that the stiffening of the erythrocyte membrane and binding of fluorescently labeled WGA to the membrane surface followed the same concentration and time dependencies. The threshold concentration for membrane stiffening was at approximately 0.1 microgram/ml where the time course to reach equilibrium was close to 1 h. The maximal stiffening (almost 30-fold over the normal membrane elastic modulus) occurred in concentrations greater than 2 micrograms/ml where the time to reach equilibrium took less than 1 min. The WGA binding also altered the normal elastic membrane behavior into an inelastic, plastic-like response which indicated that mechanical extension of the membrane caused an increase in cross-linking within the surface plane. Similar to the stiffening effect, we observed that the membrane adhesivity of cells equilibrated with WGA solutions greatly increased with concentration greater than 0.1 microgram/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Multi-Institutional Experience with FOLFIRINOX in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2012)

Despite substantial rates of adverse events and use of dose modifications, FOLFIRINOX was found to be clinically effective in both metastatic and non-metastatic patients. Regimen toxicity did not detract from overall response and survival.
Histopathological and molecular analysis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lungs from patients treated with pirfenidone or nintedanib (2018)

Pirfenidone and nintedanib do not modulate expression of senescence markers, levels of p-SMAD3 or the amount of fibrosis in IPF lungs. Treated patients have less histopathological evidence of acute lung injury at the time of lung transplantation.
Hierarchical Attention Networks for Document Classification (2016)

Zichao Yang, Diyi Yang, Chris Dyer, Xiaodong He, Alex Smola, Eduard Hovy. Proceedings of the 2016 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2016.
Responding to Detection of Aerosolized "Bacillus anthracis" by Autonomous Detection Systems in the Workplace (2004)

Autonomous detection systems (ADSs) are under development to detect agents of biologic and chemical terror in the environment. These systems will eventually be able to detect biologic and chemical hazards reliably and provide approximate real-time alerts that an agent is present. One type of ADS that tests specifically for Bacillus anthracis is being deployed in hundreds of postal distribution centers across the United States. Identification of aerosolized B. anthracis spores in an air sample can facilitate prompt on-site decontamination of workers and subsequent administration of postexposure prophylaxis to prevent inhalational anthrax. Every employer who deploys an ADS should develop detailed plans for responding to a positive signal. Responding to ADS detection of B. anthracis involves coordinating responses with community partners and should include drills and exercises with these partners. This report provides guidelines in the following six areas: 1) response and consequence management planning, including the minimum components of a facility response plan; 2) immediate response and evacuation; 3) decontamination of potentially exposed workers to remove spores from clothing and skin and prevent introduction of B. anthracis into the worker's home and conveyances; 4) laboratory confirmation of an ADS signal; 5) steps for evaluating potentially contaminated environments; and 6) postexposure prophylaxis and follow-up.
Rational Design of Sequence-Specific DNA Alkylating Agents Based on Duocarmycin A and Pyrrole−Imidazole Hairpin Polyamides (1999)

Synthesis of novel conjugates between segment A of Duocarmycin A (Du) and N-methylimidazole (Im)−N-methylpyrrole (Py) hairpin polyamides and their DNA alkylation are described. The conjugates PyPyPyγImPyPyDu (8a) and ImPyPyγImPyPyDu (8b) were designed to alkylate the target sequences (A/T)G(A/T)2N(A/G) and (A/T)G(A/T)CN(A/G), respectively, according to Dervan's ring-pairing rule. High-resolution denaturing gel electrophoresis indicated that 8a exclusively alkylated the A of the 5‘-TGTAAAA-3‘ within a ∼400 bp DNA fragment. Similarly, alkylation by 8b occurred exclusively at the G of the 5‘-AGTCAGA-3‘ sequence with efficiency at nanomolar concentration. To better understand the structure of the alkylated DNA by these conjugates, the alkylation of non-self-complementary duplex decanucleotides, ODN1 and ODN2, was investigated. HPLC and ESMS analyses of the reaction of these ODNs with 8a and 8b demonstrated that both conjugates efficiently and selectively alkylate N3 of the purine bases of their target sequences.