gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of HLA-DR antigen in human class II mutant B-cell lines by double infection with retrovirus vectors. (1987)

A new retrovirus vector containing the gene for hygromycin B resistance (hyg) as a selectable marker under the control of an internal simian virus 40 promoter was constructed. It was used, together with an analogous previously described vector, DO1, which contains the gene for G418 resistance, to introduce and express the genes for the two chains of a human class II major histocompatibility complex antigen in NIH 3T3 cells. In addition, these vectors were used to express DR antigens in two human mutant B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, one of which was deleted for both alleles of the DR alpha gene and the other of which expressed no class II antigens because of a genetic defect in a putative trans-acting regulatory factor.
Cryolipolysis for Fat Reduction and Body Contouring (2015)

Cryolipolysis is a promising procedure for nonsurgical fat reduction and body contouring and presents a compelling alternative to liposuction and other, more invasive methods. This procedure appears to be safe in the short term, with a limited side effect profile, and results in significant fat reduction when used for localized adiposities. It remains unclear whether posttreatment manual massage and multiple treatments in the same anatomic area enhance the efficacy of cryolipolysis.
Characterization of CD4+ CTLs Ex Vivo (2002)

The cytotoxic potential of CD8(+) T cells and NK cells plays a crucial role in the immune response to pathogens. Although in vitro studies have reported that CD4(+) T cells are also able to mediate perforin-mediated killing, the in vivo existence and relevance of cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells have been the subject of debate. Here we show that a population of CD4(+) perforin(+) T cells is present in the circulation at low numbers in healthy donors and is markedly expanded in donors with chronic viral infections, in particular HIV infection, at all stages of the disease, including early primary infection. Ex vivo analysis shows that these cells have cytotoxic potential mediated through the release of perforin. In comparison with more classical CD4(+) T cells, this subset displays a distinct surface phenotype and functional profile most consistent with end-stage differentiated T cells and include Ag experienced CD4(+) T cells. The existence of CD4(+) cytotoxic T cells in vivo at relatively high levels in chronic viral infection suggests a role in the immune response.
Key technologies for the next generation wireless communications (2006)

The principal objectives of next generation wireless communication are the delivery of higher data rate services including video, audio, data and voice signals with worldwide compatibility. The promise of new radio spectrum encouraged the world's mobile tele-communication operators to pay very high prices for 3G licenses. Most 3G systems is arranged to operate in 2GHz frequency band. The 4G represents the next development stages of cellular evolution beyond 3G, and offers an ideal basis and bandwidth to provide more efficient cellular multicast services. At present, 4G exists only in the conceptual framework to discuss and address future high-speed network and handset requirements. In this context, we address the following important topics such as key technologies of wireless communication system, main standardization trends of next generation and major implementation issues for wireless SOC.
Regional Codon Randomization: Defining a TATA-Binding Protein Surface Required for RNA Polymerase III Transcription (1993)

The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is required for transcription by all three nuclear RNA polymerases. TBP was subjected to regional codon randomization, a codon-based mutagenesis method that generates complex yet compact protein libraries. Analysis of 186 temperature-sensitive TBP mutants yielded 65 specifically defective in transcription by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). These mutants map to a limited TBP surface that may interact with Tds4, a component of the Pol III transcription factor TFIIIB. Strains that contain the Pol III-defective derivatives have increased amounts of messenger RNA, which suggests that competition among TBP-interacting factors for limiting quantities of TBP determines the ratio of Pol II and Pol III transcription in vivo.
Responses to Varroa by honey bees with different levels of Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (2009)

SummaryMite resistance that we had earlier called suppression of mite reproduction (SMR) is a form of hygienic behaviour that we have named Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH). With VSH, adult worker bees (Apis meiiifera) disrupt the reproduction of parasitic mites (Varroa destructor) by removing mite infested bee pupae from their cells. This study determines which brood cells are targeted by bees with VSH and which are not, and describes the relationship between brood removal and the sudden prevalence of sterile mites. We produced 26 colonies with different levels of VSH by backcrossing 14 queens from a high line, H (100% expression of VSH), and 12 queens from a low line, L (no VSH), to drones produced by an HL (high × low) queen. Because each of the 26 queens was mated to one drone, the resulting colonies were expected to represent the complete range of variability (0 to 100% of the alleles for VSH). To estimate brood removal, we measured mite populations in capped worker brood that was 0–3 days postcapping and again 7 days later when the cohort was aged 7–10 days postcapping. We correlated removal of mite-infested brood with the relative presence (at 7–10 days postcapping) of three classes of foundress mites: (1) viable: those with at least one daughter that could mature before emergence of the host bee; (2) nonviable: those with progeny but with no daughters that could reach maturity; and (3) no eggs: those with dead or nonovipositing foundress mites. As the rate of removal increased, both classes 1 and 2 showed significant declines, whereas class 3 was unchanged. Therefore, oviposition of the mite or something associated with mite oviposition provides the stimulus for bees with the VSH trait to remove mite infested pupae.
PUROMYCIN. SYNTHETIC STUDIES. II. THE POSITION OF GLYCOSIDATION ON THE 6-DIMETHYLAMINOPURINE MOIETY (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPUROMYCIN. SYNTHETIC STUDIES. II. THE POSITION OF GLYCOSIDATION ON THE 6-DIMETHYLAMINOPURINE MOIETYB. R. BAKER, ROBERT E. SCHAUB, and JOSEPH P. JOSEPHCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 4, 638–645Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01369a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01369a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural Chemistry and Molecular Biology (1968)

edited by A. Rich and N. Davidson
An International, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study of Valacyclovir for the Suppression of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Genital Herpes in Newly Diagnosed Patients (2008)

Valacyclovir 1 g once daily administered for 24 weeks was well-tolerated and effective in suppressing genital herpes recurrences in immunocompetent newly diagnosed persons without an established recurrence pattern.
Oral L-arginine supplementation in patients with mild arterial hypertension and its effect on plasma level of asymmetric dimethylarginine, L-citruline, L-arginine and antioxidant status. (2012)

L-arginine supplementation increases plasma arginine, citrulline and TAS in patients with mild arterial hypertension. It confirms the thesis that augmented concentrations of L-arginine stimulate NO biosynthesis which leads to reduction of oxidative stress. Increase of ADMA plasma level after L-arginine supplementation confirms correlation between ADMA and L-arginine.
Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells (2009)

Two organolead halide perovskite nanocrystals, CH(3)NH(3)PbBr(3) and CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3), were found to efficiently sensitize TiO(2) for visible-light conversion in photoelectrochemical cells. When self-assembled on mesoporous TiO(2) films, the nanocrystalline perovskites exhibit strong band-gap absorptions as semiconductors. The CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)-based photocell with spectral sensitivity of up to 800 nm yielded a solar energy conversion efficiency of 3.8%. The CH(3)NH(3)PbBr(3)-based cell showed a high photovoltage of 0.96 V with an external quantum conversion efficiency of 65%.
A Li-Rich Layered Cathode Material with Enhanced Structural Stability and Rate Capability for Li-on Batteries (2014)

A new lithium rich composite positive electrode material of the composition 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 (LLNC) was synthesized using the conventional co-precipitation method. Its crystal structure and electrochemistry in Li cells have been compared to that of the previously known material, 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2 (LLNMC). The removal of Mn from the LiMO2 (M = transition metal) segment of the composite cathode material allowed us to determine the location of the manganese oxide moiety in its structure that triggers the layered to spinel conversion during cycling. The new material resists the layered to spinel structural transformation under conditions in which LLNMC does. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that both compounds, synthesized as approximately 300 nm crystals, have identical super lattice ordering attributed to Li2MnO3 existence. Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy we elucidated the oxidation states of the K edges of Ni and Mn in the two materials with respect to different charge and discharge states. The XAS data along with electrochemical results revealed that Mn atoms are not present in the LiMO2 structural segment of LLNC. Electrochemical cycling data from Li cells further revealed that the absence of Mn in the LiMO2 segment significantly improves the rate capabilities of LLNC with good capacity maintenance during long term cycling. Removing the Mn from the LiMO2 segment of lithium rich layered metal oxides appears to be a good strategy for improving the structural robustness and rate capabilities of these high capacity cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.
Regulation of Corneal Epithelial Barrier Function by Krüppel-like Transcription Factor 4 (2010)

Klf4 contributes to corneal epithelial barrier function by upregulating the expression of functionally related subsets of cell junctional proteins and basement membrane components.
Depth profile of diffuse reflectance near‐infrared spectroscopy for measurement of water content in skin (2005)

Background/purpose: The penetration depth of light in diffuse reflectance near‐infrared spectroscopy for measuring water content in skin is assessed both from theoretical and experimental points of view. Methods: The Monte Carlo simulation was implemented to investigate the dependencies of the light penetration depth on a source–detector distance. To compare with the simulation results, an in vivo experiment for water contents of skin was performed introducing two different optical fiber probes. Results: It is found that the minimum separation between a source and detector fibers influences largely the measurement depth. The larger separation leads to a deeper measurement depth at a particular wavelength. The measurement depth is also influenced fairly by the absorption coefficient of the tissue. The larger absorption coefficient results in a shallower measurement depth. Conclusion: The correlations between the water contents measured by the optical and capacitance techniques were discussed. The dependencies of the light penetration depth on the source‐detector geometry and wavelength are presented.
Synthesis and pharmacology of hydroxylated metabolites of methyl phenidate (1981)

threo-dl-p-Hydroxymethylphenidate and erythro-dl-p-hydroxymethylphenidate (5a and 5b) and the deesterified products, threo-dl- and erythro-dl-p-hydroxyritalinic acid (6a and 6b), were synthesized. The effects of the intracerebroventricular administration of these compounds on the locomotor activity of rats was determined and compared to that of the respective racemates of methylphenidate (1a and 1b) and ritalinic acid (2a and 2b) as a relative index of in vivo dopaminergic activity. The maximal locomotor response was significantly greater for 5a than for 5b, 1a, or 1b. These findings suggest that metabolite 5a may play a role in the pharmacology of 1a. The intracerebroventricular administration of acids 2a, 2b, 6a, and 6b all produced a small increase in locomotor activity relative to their methyl esters which was not appreciably affected by stereochemistry or para-hydroxylation.
Hydrogen Peroxide Activated Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors: A Prodrug Approach (2010)

Doing double duty: A metalloproteinase inhibitor that can be activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been designed to protect the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in ischemic reperfusion injury. By both neutralizing damaging ROS and inhibiting degradative metalloproteinases, a single compound can eliminate both threats to the BBB upon activation. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Design and Synthesis of 2-(3-Benzo[b]thienyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one Analogues as Potent Antitumor Agents that Inhibit Tubulin Assembly (2009)

As part of our continuing investigation of azo-flavonoid derivatives as potential anticancer drug candidates, a series of 2-aryl-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one analogues was designed and synthesized. The design combined structural features of 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one (CHM-1), a previously discovered compound with potent in vivo antitumor activity, and 2-arylquinolin-4-ones, identified by CoMFA models. The newly synthesized analogues were evaluated for cytotoxicity against seven human cancer cell lines, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations were established. Analogues 1, 37, and 39 showed potent cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. Compound 1 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against Hep 3B (hepatoma) cells. Compound 37 was cytotoxic against HL-60 (leukemia), HCT-116 (colon cancer), Hep 3B (hepatoma), and SK-MEL-5 (melanoma) cells. Compound 39 exhibited broad cytotoxicity against all seven cancer cell lines, with IC50 values between 0.07 and 0.19 microM. Results from mechanism of action studies revealed that these new quinolone derivatives function as antitubulin agents.
A novel system for fused deposition of advanced multiple ceramics (2000)

In this article we present the system that we have developed at Rutgers University for the solid freeform fabrication of multiple ceramic actuators and sensors. With solid free form fabrication, a part is built layer by layer, with each layer composed of roads of material forming the boundary and the interior of the layer. With our system, up to four different types of materials can be deposited in a given layer with any geometry. This system is intended for fabrication of functional parts; therefore the accuracy and precision of the fabrication process are of extreme importance.
Ecto‐ATP diphosphohydrolase/CD39 is overexpressed in differentiated human melanomas (1998)

Ecto-ATPase activities of melanocytes and human melanoma cell lines differing in the stage of progression were compared. A dramatic increase in ecto-ATPase activity above the level of normal melanocytes was demonstrated in the differentiated melanomas and was followed by a gradual decrease with tumor progression. The characteristics of this enzymatic activity were consistent with CD39/ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase (ATPDase) which was found to be the major ecto-ATP-hydrolysing enzyme in melanomas. Indeed, the expression of CD39 and the level of CD39 mRNA followed a similar pattern. Since CD39 is known to regulate homotypic adhesion and, supposedly, affects the disaggregation step, we suggest that overexpression of CD39 may enable tumor cells to reduce contacts with T-lymphocytes and escape from immunological recognition.
Inverse agonism at adrenergic and opioid receptors: studies with wild type and constitutively active mutant receptors. (1997)

Ligands which display inverse agonism at G protein-coupled receptors do so by decreasing the intrinsic ability of a receptor to active the cellular G protein population in the absence of an agonist ligand. Expression of the murine delta opioid receptor in Rat-1 fibroblasts resulted in the inverse agonist ICI174864 being able to cause inhibition of basal high affinity GTPase activity and of the binding of [35S]GTP gamma S in membranes of a clone (D2) of these cells which expresses high levels of the receptor. These effects were blocked by co-addition of the neutral antagonist TIPP[psi], demonstrating a requirement for the delta opioid receptor, and by pertussis toxin pretreatment of the cells, showing them to be produced via a Gi-like G protein. The inverse agonist properties of ICI174864 could also be demonstrated in whole cells. Stimulation of forskolin-amplified adenylyl cyclase activity was produced by ICI174864 following [3H]adenine prelabelling of the cells. Constitutively activated mutants of receptors should provide a convenient means to detect inverse agonists. Incubation of cells either transiently or stably transfected with a constitutively activated mutant of the human beta 2-adrenoceptor with the beta 2-inverse agonists betaxolol or sotalol, which are both able to inhibit CAM beta 2-adrenoceptor-mediated basal adenylyl cyclase activity, resulted in a strong upregulation of levels of the receptor. In the stable cells lines this effect was prevented by co-incubation with neutral antagonists but could not be reproduced by an adenylyl cyclase P-site ligand which also inhibited basal adenylyl cyclase levels.
Hormone-sensitive lipase of rat adipose tissue. Purification and some properties. (1981)

Hormone-sensitive lipase from rat adipose tissue was solubilized with nonionic detergent and purified 2,000fold to 50% protein purity by repeated gradient sievorptive chromatography on diethyL(2-hydroxypro-py1)aminoethyl-Sephadex and by affinity chromatography on triacylglycerol-containing polyacrylamideagarose gel.The identity of the enzyme protein, a polypeptide with M, = 84,000 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate, was established by its copurification with lipase activity, selective labeling with [3H]diisopropyl fluorophosphate, and phosphorylation by the catalytic subunit of CAMP-dependent protein kinase from the same tissue and ATP-Mg.There was no indication for a role of a specific lipase kinase analogous to phosphorylase kinase.The phosphorylation enhanced the trioleoylglycerol lipase activity to 150% over that in control when approximately 0.5 mol of phosphate had been incorporated into each mol of its M, = 84,000 enzyme protein.The purified lipase catalyzed the hydrolysis of emulsified tri-, di-, and monooleoylglycerol and cholesterol oleate at the relative rates of 1:10:4:1.5,with a molar specific activity of 600 mol/s/mol of M, = 84,000 enzyme protein toward dioleoylglycerol.Its specific activity was more than 1,000-fold higher than that of a lipase recently purified from hen adipose tissue (Berglund, L., Khoo, J. C., Jensen, D., and Steinberg, D. (1980) J. BioL Chem 255, 5420-5428).It had a pH optimum of 7.0, was inhibited by micromolar diisopropyl fluorophosphate, Hg"', and millimolar NaF, and was stable at neutral pH in detergent and high glycerol concentration.The results of this and previous work (Belfrage, P.,
The Effects of NOS2 Gene Deletion on Mice Expressing Mutated Human AβPP (2008)

Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and its gene product, inducible NOS (iNOS) play an important role in neuroinflammation by generating nitric oxide (NO), a critical signaling and redox factor in the brain. Although NO is associated with tissue damage, it can also promote cell survival. We hypothesize that during long-term exposure to amyloid-beta (Abeta) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), NO levels fall in the brain to a threshold at which the protective effects of NO cannot be sustained, promoting Abeta mediated damage. Two new mouse models of AD have been developed that utilize this concept of NO's action. These mice express human amyloid-beta protein precursor (AbetaPP) mutations that generate Abeta peptides on a mouse NOS2 knockout background. The APP/NOS2(-/-) bigenic mice progress from Abeta production and amyloid deposition to hyperphosphorylated normal mouse tau at AD-associated epitopes, aggregation and redistribution of tau to somatodendritic regions of neurons and significant neuronal loss including loss of interneurons. This AD-like pathology is accompanied by robust behavioral changes. As APP/NOS2(-/-) bigenic mice more fully model the human AD disease pathology, they may serve as a tool to better understand disease progression in AD and the role of NO in altering chronic neurological disease processes.
Efficacy of SERD/SERM Hybrid-CDK4/6 Inhibitor Combinations in Models of Endocrine Therapy–Resistant Breast Cancer (2015)

A SERD- or SSH-palbociclib combination has therapeutic potential in breast tumors resistant to endocrine therapies or those expressing ESR1 mutations. See related commentary by DeMichele and Chodosh, p. 4999.
Increasing power quality in systems with limited power sources (2005)

In any system involving power source, distribution network and load (user equipment), the characteristics at the system and user equipment interface are mutually dependent upon the design and operation of both. In order for the electric power system to perform within the established tolerances, it is necessary to place constrains on the power source, the distribution system and the user equipment. The power quality standards defines the electric power system characteristic. User equipment constraints are also established. Passive and active power filters have become a promising alternative for controlling harmonic levels in industrial and commercial facilities. However, many different filter configurations can be employed. There is no standard method for rating them. This paper describes an implementation of passive and active power filters aimed at correcting notch and voltage THD in power system with limited power source. We study power system example of 1000 kVA generator and 1 kA the six-pulse thyristor rectifier. The described harmonic compensation approach increases the power quality, all to assure compliance with specifications of the European standards EN 50160 and MIL-STD-1399 (shipboard)