gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID LEVELS AND PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS FED REDFISH MEAL OR REDFISH OIL (1988)

Arbor Acre broiler chickens were fed six different diets to determine if the omega-3 fatty acid content of broiler chicken carcasses could be enhanced by feeding additional redfish meal (RFM) or redfish oil (RFO). The six diets were: control (no fish meal or fish oil); 7.5% RFM, 15.0% RFM, 30.0% RFM, 2.1% RFO and 4.2% RFO. Mortality at 28 d and 42 d was lower (P &lt; 0.05) for birds fed RFO compared to those fed RFM. Feeding additional RFM or RFO had no (P &gt; 0.05) effect on mortality, but resulted in lower body weights (P &lt; 0.01) and feed consumption (P &lt; 0.05) and poorer (P &lt; 0.05) feed conversion. Additions of RFM or RFO to the diets resulted in a substantial dietary enrichment of omega-3 fatty acids (especially eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA or 20:5n-3; and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA or 22:6n-3). Analyses (wt/wt %) revealed that breast meat was lower (P &lt; 0.001) in lipid and triglyceride but higher in cholesterol esters (P &lt; 0.005), free cholesterol (P &lt; 0.001) and phospholipid (P &lt; 0.001) than thigh meat. Lipid, free cholesterol and phospholipid of edible meat lipid increased with duration of feeding (14 d, 28 d, 42 d) but triglyceride content decreased. Dietary treatment had no effect (P &gt; 0.05) on carcass lipid content or composition. Breast meat lipid contained more (P &lt; 0.001) of the omega-3 fatty acids (especially EPA and DHA), more n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA or 22:5n-3) and more total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) than thigh meat lipids. EPA, DPA, DHA and total n-3 PUFA in edible meat lipids increased (P &lt; 0.05) with duration of feeding. Feeding additional RFM and RFO resulted in an increased accumulation of the EPA (P &lt; 0.001), DPA (P &lt; 0.01), DHA (P &lt; 0.01) and total n-3 PUFA (P &lt; 0.001), primarily at the expense of the omega-6 fatty acids linoleic (18:2n-6) and arachidonic (20:4n-6). It can be calculated from the data presented that on average a normal meal (100 g) of chicken which has been fed 7.5% fish meal, would contribute 140 mg of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA + DPA + DHA). The same size meal of cod flesh would contribute about 135 mg of these fatty acids. Key words: Broiler chickens, breast, thigh, redfish meal, eicosapentaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids
Geometrically Mediated Breakup of Drops in Microfluidic Devices (2018)

Microfluidic technology offers capabilities for the precise handling of small fluid volumes dispersed as droplets. To fully exploit this potential requires simultaneous generation of multiple size droplets.We demonstrate two methods for passively breaking larger drops into precisely controlled daughter drops using pressure-driven flow in simple microfluidic configurations: (i) a T junction and (ii) flow past isolated obstacles.We quantify conditions for breakup at a T junction and illustrate sequential breakup at T junctions for making small drops at high dispersed phase volume fractions.
Thromboelastograph Assay for Measuring the Mechanical Strength of Fibrin Sealant Clots (2000)

In order to provide sustained hemostasis or tissue sealing, fibrin sealants must generate adhesive clots with mechanical properties capable of resisting forces, such as shear, that might break or tear the clot. Commercial preparations of fibrin sealants should generate clots of adequate and consistent mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of fibrin sealants is often measured as bonding strength in in vivo or ex vivo animal wound models. These tests can be useful predictors of clinical efficacy. However, these, as well as many in vitro tensile strength tests for fibrin sealant, tend to be laboratory specific and require extensive reagent preparation time and analyst training. The thromboelastograph has historically been used to screen for plasma protein and platelet disorders that lead to defective clot formation. The authors have developed a simple in vitro test, using a standard thromboelastograph that can provide reliable, reproducible information on the rheology of clots generated by fibrin sealant preparations. Using this method, the shear strength of fibrin sealant clots was measured and shown to correlate with the fibrinogen, but not the thrombin, concentration in the sealant. Shear strength was also shown to correlate with the sealant concentration of the fibrin cross-linking proenzyme, factor XIII. Sealants containing lysine, which can act as an alternate substrate for factor XIII enzyme and prevent efficient fibrin chain cross-linking, were shown by this method to generate clots of substantially reduced shear strength. The method distinguished between thrombin-catalyzed clot formation and other fibrinogen clotting mechanisms as evidenced by the significantly lower shear strength associated with batroxobin-generated fibrin clots.
Posttraumatic epilepsy: The endophenotypes of a human model of epileptogenesis (2009)

Posttraumatic epilepsy is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurring in up to 15-20% of patients with severe brain trauma. Trauma accounts for approximately 5% of chronic epilepsy in the community. Because it is a common condition, and because of the relatively short latency period between injury and onset of chronic seizures, posttraumatic epilepsy represents a good model to test antiepileptogenic therapies. However, several well-conducted clinical trials have failed to demonstrate antiepileptogenic efficacy for several common anticonvulsants. Posttraumatic epilepsy can arise through a number of mechanisms, which often coexist within a single patient. Penetrating brain injury produces a cicatrix in the cortex and is associated with a risk of posttraumatic epilepsy of approximately 50%, whereas nonpenetrating head injury may produce focal contusions and intracranial hemorrhages, and is associated with a risk of posttraumatic epilepsy of up to 30%. Furthermore, closed head injury often produces diffuse concussive injury, with shearing of axons and selective damage to vulnerable brain regions, such as the hippocampus. The clinical, neurophysiologic, imaging, and neuropathologic features or epileptogenicity differ between these alternate mechanisms. It is likely that better understanding of the subtypes of epilepsy resulting from brain trauma will be required to successfully identify antiepileptogenic therapies.
Redundancy on Demand—Extending the Coverage Area of Terrestrial Broadcast via Broadband Networks (2014)

Nowadays more and more TV terminal devices for digital terrestrial broadcast are also equipped with broadband network interfaces. In view of this fact, we developed a novel redundancy on demand (RoD) system to improve the reception of terrestrial broadcast signals with the help of additional redundancy data transmitted via broadband networks. We propose various forms of redundancy, which can be provided on request by the receiving terminal in case of reception errors. RoD does not require any changes of the current broadcast network structure and is compatible with conventional receivers. Simulation results show that a small portion of additional redundancy data provided by the broadband network leads to significant performance improvements of the reception, making high data rate broadcasting feasible in a realistic environment. RoD introduces a new degree of freedom for network planning helping to reduce transmission cost and network energy consumption.
Stereoselective synthesis of the tetracyclic core of manzamine via the vinylogous amide photocycloaddition cascade (1998)

The stereoselective preparation of the tetracyclic core of the manzamine alkaloids via the intramolecular vinylogous amide photocycloaddition/retro-Mannich fragmentation/Mannich closure cascade is described. The striking effect of unsaturation in the eight-membered ring on the stereoselectivity of the cycloaddition and a computational analysis of these results are presented.
Biologicals for Cancer Treatment: Interferons (1985)

The most impressive results achieved with the interferons have been against hematologic malignancies. While the efficacy against nonhematologic solid tumors has not been statistically impressive, there have been some complete responses and in general enough successes, particularly when compared with chemotherapy, to justify continued trials and possibly a restructuring of the evaluative process.
Phase variation and conservation of lipooligosaccharide epitopes in Haemophilus somnus (1997)

The bovine-specific pathogen Haemophilus somnus is capable of undergoing structural and antigenic phase variation in its lipooligosaccharide (LOS) components after in vivo and in vitro passage. However, commensal isolates from the reproductive tract have not been observed to vary in phase (T. J. Inzana, R. P. Gogolewski, and L. B. Corbeil, Infect. Immun. 60:2943-2951, 1992). We now report that specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the LOSs of Haemophilus aegyptius, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae, as well as H. somnus, reacted with some phase-variable epitopes in H. somnus LOS. All reactive MAbs bound to LOS components of about 4.3 kDa in the same H. somnus isolates, including a non-phase-varying strain. Following in vitro passage of a clonal variant of strain 738 that was nonreactive with the MAbs, 11.8% of young colonies shifted to a reactive phenotype. A digoxigenin-labelled 5'-CAATCAATCAATCAATCAATCAATCAAT-3' oligonucleotide probe hybridized to genomic DNA from strain 738 but did not react with DNA from a non-phase-varying strain. Sequence analysis of the gene containing 5'-CAAT-3' tandem sequences revealed 48% amino acid homology with the lex-2B gene-encoded protein of H. influenzae type b. Our results indicate that some LOS epitopes are conserved between H. somnus and other Haemophilus and Neisseria species, that LOS phase variation may occur at a high rate in some strains of H. somnus, and that phase variation may, in part, be due to 5'-CAAT-3' tandem sequences present in H. somnus genes.
GC Factor 2 Represses Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A-Chain Gene Transcription and Is Itself Induced by Arterial Injury (1999)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a mitogen and chemoattractant for a wide variety of cell types. The genes encoding PDGF A chain (PDGF-A) and PDGF B chain (PDGF-B) reside on separate chromosomes and are independently regulated at the level of transcription. Regulatory events underlying inducible PDGF-A expression have been the focus of much investigation. However, mechanisms that inhibit transcription of this gene are not well understood. In this study, we report the capacity of a newly cloned DNA binding factor, GC factor 2 (GCF2), to repress expression driven by the human PDGF-A promoter. 5' Deletion and transient cotransfection analysis in vascular endothelial cells revealed that GCF2 repression is mediated by a nucleotide region located in the proximal region of the PDGF-A promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrate that GCF2 binds to this region in a specific and dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the site bound by GCF2 overlaps those for specificity protein-1 (Sp1) and early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1), zinc finger transcription factors that direct basal and inducible expression of the PDGF-A gene. Gel shift experiments revealed that GCF2 competes with these factors for interaction with the PDGF-A promoter. Overexpression of GCF2 suppressed endogenous PDGF-A expression in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. GCF2 was induced on mechanical injury of cells in culture as well as after balloon injury of the rat carotid artery wall. Time course studies revealed the sustained induction of GCF2 after injury while PDGF-A levels sharply returned to baseline. Smooth muscle cell proliferation was inhibited by GCF2, an effect reversed by the addition of exogenous PDGF-AA. These findings demonstrate negative regulation of PDGF-A expression by GCF2. This is the first report of the induction of an endogenous transcriptional repressor in the rat vessel wall.
Sequentially Adapted Flow-Based PEBI Grids for Reservoir Simulation (2006)

Summary A technique for the sequential generation of perpendicularbisectional (PEBI) grids adapted to flow information is presented and applied. The procedure includes a fine-scale flow solution, the generation of an initial streamline–isopotential grid, grid optimization, and upscaling. The grid optimization is accomplished through application of a hybrid procedure with gradient and Laplacian smoothing steps, while the upscaling is based on a global-local procedure that makes use of the global solution used in the grid-determination step. The overall procedure is successfully applied to a complex channelized reservoir model involving changing well conditions. The gridding and upscaling procedures presented here may also be suitable for use with other types of structured or unstructured grid systems.
Effect of Stress Wave in the Course of Metal Machining (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Fully Automated, Testable Design of Fine-Grained Triple Mode Redundant Logic (2011)

A fully automated logic design methodology for radiation hardened by design high-speed logic using fine-grained triple modular redundancy (TMR) is presented. The methodology and circuits leverage commercial logic design automation tools. The circuit approach is validated for hardness using both heavy ion and proton broad beam testing. The base TMR self-correcting master-slave flip-flop is described, including testability features that disable the self-correction. The flow allows hardening of any synthesizable logic at clock frequencies comparable to unhardened designs and supports standard low-power techniques, e.g., clock gating and supply voltage scaling.
Audio-Visual Biometrics (2006)

Biometric characteristics can be utilized in order to enable reliable and robust-to-impostor-attacks person recognition. Speaker recognition technology is commonly utilized in various systems enabling natural human computer interaction. The majority of the speaker recognition systems rely only on acoustic information, ignoring the visual modality. However, visual information conveys correlated and complimentary information to the audio information and its integration into a recognition system can potentially increase the system's performance, especially in the presence of adverse acoustic conditions. Acoustic and visual biometric signals, such as the person's voice and face, can be obtained using unobtrusive and user-friendly procedures and low-cost sensors. Developing unobtrusive biometric systems makes biometric technology more socially acceptable and accelerates its integration into every day life. In this paper, we describe the main components of audio-visual biometric systems, review existing systems and their performance, and discuss future research and development directions in this area
Altered p16/MTS1/CDKN2 and cyclin D1/PRAD-1 gene expression is associated with the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. (1997)

The p16/MTS1/CDKN2 gene and the cyclin D1/PRAD-1 gene cooperatively regulate cyclin-dependent kinase 4-mediated phosphorylation of pRB in the cell cycle of normal cells. p16/CDKN2 gene and cyclin D1/PRAD-1 gene alterations have been detected in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and in several primary squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus. We immunohistochemically assessed p16 and cyclin D1 expression in 111 squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus after evaluation of the antibodies against p16 and cyclin D1 protein using four squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Loss of p16 expression was detected in 56 of 111 cases (50%). The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes without p16 expression was significantly higher than the number of nodes with p16 expression (P = 0.04). The postoperative survival rate for patients without p16 expression was significantly lower than that of patients with p16 expression (P = 0.04). Cyclin D1 overexpression was found in 28 of the 111 cases (25%) and correlated with distant organ metastasis after curative surgery (P = 0.05). The survival rate of patients with cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly lower than that of patients without cyclin D1 overexpression (P = 0.01). A positive correlation between the loss of p16 expression and cyclin D1 overexpression was observed (P = 0. 03). The loss of p16 expression and overexpression of cyclin D1 may be useful prognostic indicators in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus. It may be possible to select more suitable treatment for patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus by evaluating the status of p16 and cyclin D1 expression.
A Receptor for the Malarial Parasite Plasmodium vivax : the Erythrocyte Chemokine Receptor (1993)

Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum are the major causes of human malaria, except in sub-Saharan Africa where people lack the Duffy blood group antigen, the erythrocyte receptor for P. vivax. Duffy negative human erythrocytes are resistant to invasion by P. vivax and the related monkey malaria, P. knowlesi. Several lines of evidence in the present study indicate that the Duffy blood group antigen is the erythrocyte receptor for the chemokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MGSA). First, IL-8 binds minimally to Duffy negative erythrocytes. Second, a monoclonal antibody to the Duffy blood group antigen blocked binding of IL-8 and other chemokines to Duffy positive erythrocytes. Third, both MGSA and IL-8 blocked the binding of the parasite ligand and the invasion of human erythrocytes by P. knowlesi, suggesting the possibility of receptor blockade for anti-malarial therapy.
PID dead-time predictor design for industrial DCS systems using Smith rule (2007)

A dead-time is usually associated with input and output of the industrial control systems, especially water and wastewater treatment systems. This dead-time is not a fixed time during process function, therefore, a conventional PID controller which is related to this dead-time can not be designed by the conventional methods. An adaptive scheme is designed to control an industrial water and wastewater treatment plant by using Smith adaptive rule. Stability of the proposed adaptive system is proved and the simulation results show the quality performance of the adaptive PID controller.
HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE SURGICALLY EXCISED FROM EYES WITH DIABETIC MACULOPATHY (2005)

The ILM thickening and cell abundance on the vitreous surface might contribute to the course and the pathogenesis of diabetic maculopathy.
Simulations of the High Average Power Selene Free Electron Laser Prototype (1994)

Free electron laser (FEL) technology continues to advance, providing alternative solutions to existing and potential problems. The capabilities of an FEL with respect to tunability, power and efficiency make it an attractive choice when moving into new laser utilization fields. The initial design parameters, for any new system, offer a good base to begin system simulation tests in an effort to determine the best possible design. This is a study of the Novosibirsk design which is a prototype for the proposed SELENE FEL. The design uses a three-section, low-power optical klystron followed by a single-pass, high-power radiator. This system is inherently sensitive to electron beam quality, but affords flexibility in achieving the final design. The performance of the system is studied using the initial parameters. An FEL, configured as a simple, two section optical klystron is studied to determine the basic operating characteristics of a high current FEL klystron.
Expression of Axl in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Correlation with Tumor Progression (2005)

We used the Transwell system to select highly invasive cell lines from minimally invasive parent cells, and we compared gene expression in paired cell lines with high and low invasive potentials. Axl was relatively overexpressed in the highly invasive cell lines when compared with their minimally invasive counterparts. However, there is only limited information about the role of Axl in cancer invasion. The biologic function of Axl in tumor invasion was investigated by overexpression of full-length Axl in minimally invasive cells and by siRNA knockdown of Axl expression in highly invasive cells. Overexpression of Axl in minimally invasive cells increased their invasiveness. siRNA reduced cell invasiveness as Axl was downregulated in highly invasive cells. We further investigated the protein expression of Axl by immunohistochemistry and its correlation with clinicopathologic features. Data from a study of 58 patient specimens showed that Axl immunoreactivity was statistically significant with respect to lymph node status (P < .0001) and the patient's clinical stage (P < .0001). Our results demonstrate that Axl protein kinase seems to play an important role in the invasion and progression of lung cancer.
Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections (2012)

Cranberries have been used widely for several decades for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This is the third update of our review first published in 1998 and updated in 2004 and 2008.
A Comparative Study of Prothrombinase and Thrombin Inhibitors in a Novel Rabbit Model of Non-Occlusive Deep Vein Thrombosis (1994)

A quantitative and non-occlusive deep vein thrombosis model was developed in rabbits. We used this model to test the antithrombotic activity of the prothrombinase complex inhibitors factor rXai and its chemical analog glutamyl-glycyl-arginyl chloromethyl ketone inactivated human factor Xa (EGR-Xai), along with the thrombin inhibitors D-phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginyl chloromethyl ketone (PPACK) and heparin. Dose dependent effects of the inhibitors during constant infusion were monitored. Measurements included thrombus weights, hemostatic parameters and both cuticle and ear bleeding times. In this model, factor rXai and EGR-Xai had comparable in-vivo efficacy, and showed 80%-93% inhibition at plasma levels of 6.5 nM (rXai) and 8 nM (EGR-Xai). Effects on ex-vivo clotting times varied among the inhibitors. At 80-100% thrombus inhibition, factor rXai and EGR-Xai had no statistically significant effect, while PPACK extended thrombin clotting time (TCT) times 2.3-fold, and heparin prolonged both activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and TCT ex-vivo clotting times 6.9-, 1.2-, and 7-fold respectively. At these dosages, cuticle and ear bleeding times were prolonged for all inhibitors and showed increases of 177%-389% (cuticle) and 45%-129% (ear). Our results demonstrate that direct inhibition of prothrombinase complex assembly is effective in arresting venous thrombosis.
Use of immunohistochemical markers can refine prognosis in triple negative breast cancer (2007)

Our findings suggests that CK5/6 and/or EGFR expressing tumor types have a persistently poorer prognosis over the longer term, an observation that may have important therapeutic implications as drugs that target the EGFR are currently being evaluated in breast cancer.