gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binding properties of immunoglobulin combining sites specific for terminal or nonterminal antigenic determinants in dextran. (1975)

Binding constants of the dextran-reactive BALB/c mouse IgA myeloma proteins W3129 and QUPC 52 have been determined for each member of the isomaltose series of oligosaccharides and for methyl alphaDglucoside. Protein W3129 has maximum complementarity for isomaltopentaose (IM5) deltaf degrees = 7,180 cal/mol) with 55-60% of the total binding energy directed against methylalphaDglucoside. Protein QUPC 52 gives maximum binding with isomaltohexaose (IM6) (deltaF degrees = -5,340 cal/mol) and has about 70% of its total binding energy for isomaltotriose (IM3), but at most only 5% for isomaltose (IM2) or methyl alphaDglucoside. Protein W3129 precipitates with branched dextrans high in alpha (1 yields 6) linkages and reacts with but does not precipitate a synthetic alpha (1 yields 6)-linked linear dextran. Protein QUPC 52 precipitates both branched and linear dextrans. Thus, the immunodominant group for protein W3129 is mimicked by methyl alphaDglucoside and this protein reacts exclusively at the terminal nonreducing ends of alpha (1 yields 6)-linked dextran chains. Protein QUPC 52 has an immunodominant group which is expressed by IM3 but not smaller oligosaccharides and this protein can react at nonterminal locations along alpha (1 yields 6)-linked dextran chains.Precipitation of linear dextran seems to be a valid although not quantitative assay for antidextrans with nonterminal specificity. Quantitative precipitin reactions with branched and linear dextrans suggest that alpha (1 yields 6)-specific human antidextrans are mixtures of molecules having terminal and nonterminal specificities and that the fraction of each type can vary among individuals. Rabbit antisera against IM3 or IM6 coupled to bovine serum albumin also appear to contain antibodies with nonterminal specificity for dextran chains although a large fraction has terminal specificity. Low molecular weight clinical dextran N-150N (congruent to 60,000) reacted more like linear dextran than like its parent native-branched dextran B512. This is thought to result from an abundance of nonterminal determinants in clinical dextran N-150N but a very small number of functional terminal determinants per molecule. An appreciation of terminal and nonterminal specificities and of the different immunodominant structures in isomaltosyl chains has proven to be of a great value in understanding the immunochemical reactions of dextrans. Moreover, certain previous findings with fructosan-reactive mouse myeloma proteins and human antilevans (55, 84) also suggest terminal and nonterminal specificities for levan chains.
Context-Aware Systems (2012)

Context aware systems reduce the need for user intervention and provide smarter services by considering a user’s situation. Context models decide how the contextual information is modeled and what type of context should be considered; they are essential in providing the “right” services to the users. Existing surveys of context-aware systems focus heavily on the data structures for modeling contextual information and the architecture of context-aware systems. In this chapter, the authors focus on the contextual information being modeled and the functionality provided by context-aware systems. They present a classification framework for both context models and the functionality of context-aware systems. The authors then compare existing context-aware systems against the classification framework. Moreover, they show how a higher level context model can be derived from the fundamental elements in the classification framework of context models.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Construction of multiple-beam optical traps with nanometer-resolution position sensing (1996)

We describe the design and construction of two different types of multiple-beam optical tweezers, each equipped with nanometer-resolution position detectors. Multiple optical traps can be created either by splitting a laser beam in two parts, based on its polarization, or time-sharing a single beam among several different locations. The advantages and disadvantages of optical tweezers based on either scheme are discussed, along with details of specific implementations. Various ways to detect microscopic movements of an optically trapped object are presented and compared, including designs that are relatively insensitive to absolute location of a trapped particle within the field of view. Two of many possible applications for such instruments are illustrated: the detection of molecular steps by kinesin motor molecules, and determinations of the stiffness of single microtubules.
The Pain Course (2015)

The present study evaluated an internet-delivered pain management program, the Pain Course, when provided with different levels of clinician support. Participants (n = 490) were randomised to 1 of 4 groups: (1) Regular Contact (n = 143), (2) Optional Contact (n = 141), (3) No Contact (n = 131), and (4) a treatment-as-usual Waitlist Control Group (n = 75). The treatment program was based on the principles of cognitive behaviour therapy and comprised 5 internet-delivered lessons provided over 8 weeks. The 3 Treatment Groups reported significant improvements (between-group Cohen's d; avg. reduction) in disability (ds ≥ 0.50; avg. reduction ≥ 18%), anxiety (ds ≥ 0.44; avg. reduction ≥ 32%), depression (ds ≥ 0.73; avg. reduction ≥ 36%), and average pain (ds ≥ 0.30; avg. reduction ≥ 12%) immediately posttreatment, which were sustained at or further improved to 3-month follow-up. High treatment completion rates and levels of satisfaction were reported, and no marked or consistent differences were observed between the Treatment Groups. The mean clinician time per participant was 67.69 minutes (SD = 33.50), 12.85 minutes (SD = 24.61), and 5.44 minutes (SD = 12.38) for those receiving regular contact, the option of contact, and no clinical contact, respectively. These results highlight the very significant public health potential of carefully designed and administered internet-delivered pain management programs and indicate that these programs can be successfully administered with several levels of clinical support.
Snoring and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Young Children: Subjective and Objective Correlates (2004)

Scores derived from parental-report questionnaires of children's snoring and other sleep and wake behaviors can be used as surrogate predictors of snoring or sleep-disordered breathing in children. However, design and interpretation should consider age, risk status, and the purpose of the screening assessment.
Association of Nucleobase‐Containing Ammonium Ionenes (2014)

Adenine‐ and thymine‐functionalized ammonium ionenes with variation in spacer lengths are successfully synthesized using the Michael addition post‐polymerization functionalization. This report describes the influence of pendant spacer length on homoassociation and heteroassociation of complementary nucleobase‐containing ionenes. The ionene homo­polymers and complementary blends with various spacer lengths show a single glass transition temperature. Higher glass transition temperatures are observed for the shorter‐spacer ionene homopolymers and their blends. The hydrogen bonding interactions in both blends of adenine‐containing ionenes (ionene‐A) and thymine‐containing ionenes (ionene‐T) with both spacer lengths are studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). DSC analyses do not reveal hydrogen bonding interactions in the ionene blends with the shorter spacer length. In contrast, the longer spacer length ionene blends show the presence of hydrogen bonding interactions and demonstrate that homoassociation is stronger than heteroassociation. FTIR spectroscopy and AFM confirm hydrogen bonding interactions for the longer spacer ionene blends. image
Efficacy and Safety of Intracavernosal Alprostadil in Men with Erectile Dysfunction (1996)

In men with erectile dysfunction, intracavernosal injection of alprostadil is an effective therapy with tolerable side effects.
THE SERIAL ORGANIZATION OF SUCKING IN THE YOUNG INFANT (1968)

The sucking rhythms of infants with a benign perinatal course are compared to those of infants with a history of perinatal distress. The ontogenesis of sucking rhythms, and the sucking patterns of children with major congenital malformations of the brain and various metabolic disorders are described. The analysis of rhythms of non-nutritive sucking discriminates to a statistically significant degree between normal infants and infants with a history of perinatal distress who have no gross neurological signs.
Arylethanolamines derived from salicylamide with .alpha.- and .beta.-adrenoceptor blocking activities. Preparation of labetalol, its enantiomers and related salicylamides (1982)

A series of phenethanolamines (3) based on salicylamide has been prepared and shown to possess beta-adrenergic blocking properties. When the basic nitrogen atom was substituted by some aralkyl groups, the compounds also blocked alpha-adrenoceptors. The 1-methyl-3-phenylpropyl derivative labetalol (34) is antihypertensive in animals and man, and syntheses of its four stereoisomers are described. The enantiomer 90 with the R configuration at both asymmetric centers possessed most of the beta-blocking activity but little alpha-blocking activity. That with the S configuration at the alcoholic carbon and the R configuration on the amino substituent, 89, is predominantly an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent.
Macrolide biosynthesis. Tylactone formation involves the processive addition of three carbon units (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrolide biosynthesis. Tylactone formation involves the processive addition of three carbon unitsStephen Yue, Janice S. Duncan, Yoshikuni Yamamoto, and C. Richard HutchinsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 4, 1253–1255Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00238a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00238a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views490Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mouse Model for the Treatment of Immune Pregnancy Loss (1991)

Spontaneous abortions can be associated with preimplantation embryo loss, implantation problems and a variety of postimplantation pregnancy failures. The long list of possible causes for the postimplantation pregnancy loss includes, among others, genetic abnormalities in fetus, anatomical abnormalities of the uterus, endocrinological insufficiency, and microbiological problems. However, more than 50% of recurrent miscarriages still have no recognized causes. The concept that many such abortions may be immunologically mediated has gained increasing support over the years. Moreover, immunization of such women with husband's or third party leukocytes has resulted in more than 70% of subsequent pregnancies resulting in live births. Since neither the mechanisms leading to pregnancy loss nor the success of immunotherapy are clear, the set-up of animal models for recurrent abortions would be of supreme significance. Our recent data show that immunopotentiation of maternal immune system by Complete Freund Adjuvant significantly improves pregnancy rate in CBA x DBA/2 mouse combination with high percentage of fetal resorptions. This effect is followed by decrease of IL 2 production in spleen; increase of MAC 1-positive cells at placenta; amplification of suppressive activity of local and systemic lymphocytes and by reverse of embryotoxic effect of maternal serum. Data obtained in this model seems to be valuable in substantiation of rationale for nonspecific immunotherapy of human abortions.
Innovative approaches for enhancing cancer gene therapy. (2013)

Gene therapy provides a novel platform for therapeutic intervention of several genetic and non-genetic disorders. With the recent developments in the field, a wide variety of viral and non-viral vectors have emerged that can deliver genetic payloads to target cells. However, non-targeted delivery of transgenes often results in undesirable effects, low tumor transduction, and reduced therapeutic index. In this review, we focus on some of the novel approaches that can be used to meet the present challenges in the field and translate the potential of cancer gene therapy from 'bench to bedside' in the near future.
Antiangiogenic Therapy (2004)

Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels from preexisting ones, plays a crucial role in tumor progression. Activation of an "angiogenic switch" allows tumor cells to invade and metastasize. The growing interest in the use of antiangiogenic agents in the treatment and prevention of cancer lies in the theoretical advantages of this molecularly targeted modality of chemotherapy. Delivery of antiangiogenic agents are not complicated by having to penetrate large bulky masses but, instead, have easy access to tumoral endothelial cells. Antiangiogenic drugs may not cause cytopenias and thus will avoid many of the unwarranted toxicities of standard chemotherapeutic agents. Because they act directly on nascent endothelial cells, antiangiogenic agents may avoid tumor resistance mechanisms. If antiangiogenic agents are successful, they might be applicable to many tumor types and not be dependent on cell type or growth fraction of cells within a tumor. However, several important obstacles remain with regards to using antiangiogenic drugs in clinical trials with which we must contend in order to determine accurately the efficacy of these agents. In this article, we review the different classes of antiangiogenic agents available, ongoing clinical trials, as well as potential pitfalls and future directions in this exciting field.
IL-13-induced Clara cell secretory protein expression in airway epithelium: role of EGFR signaling pathway (2002)

Previous work showed that the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-13 induces goblet cell metaplasia via an indirect mechanism involving the expression and subsequent activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Because Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) expression has been reported in cells that express mucins, we examined the effect of IL-13 on CCSP gene and protein expression in pathogen-free rat airways and in pulmonary mucoepidermoid NCI-H292 cells. Intratracheal instillation of IL-13 induced CCSP mRNA in epithelial cells without cilia within 8-16 h, maximal between 24 and 48 h; CCSP immunostaining increased in a time-dependent fashion, maximal at 48 h. The CCSP immunostaining was localized in nongranulated secretory cells and goblet cells and in the lumen. Pretreatment with the selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBX1522, cyclophosphamide (an inhibitor of bone marrow leukocyte mobilization), or a blocking antibody to IL-8 prevented CCSP staining. Treatment of NCI-H292 cells with the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor-alpha, but not with IL-13 alone, induced CCSP gene and protein expression. Selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, BIBX1522 and AG1478, prevented CCSP expression in NCI-H292 cells, but the platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1295 had no effect. These findings indicate that IL-13 induces CCSP expression via an EGFR- and leukocyte-dependent pathway.
Declarative camera control for automatic cinematography (1996)

Animations generated by interactive 3D computer graphics applications are typically portrayed either from a particular character&amp;apos;s point of view or from a small set of strategically-placed viewpoints. By ignoring camera placement, such applications fail to realize important storytelling capabilities that have been explored by cinematographers for manyyears. In this paper, we describe several of the principles of cinematography and show how they can be formalized into a declarative language, called the Declarative Camera Control Language (dccl). We describe the application of dccl within the context of a simple interactive video game and argue that dccl represents cinematic knowledge at the same level of abstraction as expert directors by encoding 16 idioms from a film textbook. These idioms produce compelling animations, as demonstrated on the accompanying videotape.
GLocks: Efficient Support for Highly-Contended Locks in Many-Core CMPs (2011)

Synchronization is of paramount importance to exploit thread-level parallelism on many-core CMPs. In these architectures, synchronization mechanisms usually rely on shared variables to coordinate multithreaded access to shared data structures thus avoiding data dependency conflicts. Lock synchronization is known to be a key limitation to performance and scalability. On the one hand, lock acquisition through busy waiting on shared variables generates additional coherence activity which interferes with applications. On the other hand, lock contention causes serialization which results in performance degradation. This paper proposes and evaluates \textit{GLocks}, a hardware-supported implementation for highly-contended locks in the context of many-core CMPs. \textit{GLocks} use a token-based message-passing protocol over a dedicated network built on state-of-the-art technology. This approach skips the memory hierarchy to provide a non-intrusive, extremely efficient and fair lock implementation with negligible impact on energy consumption or die area. A comprehensive comparison against the most efficient shared-memory-based lock implementation for a set of micro benchmarks and real applications quantifies the goodness of \textit{GLocks}. Performance results show an average reduction of 42% and 14% in execution time, an average reduction of 76% and 23% in network traffic, and also an average reduction of 78% and 28% in energy-delay$^2$ product (ED$^2$P) metric for the full CMP for the micro benchmarks and the real applications, respectively. In light of our performance results, we can conclude that \textit{GLocks} satisfy our initial working hypothesis. \textit{GLocks} minimize cache-coherence network traffic due to lock synchronization which translates into reduced power consumption and execution time.
Identification of the feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) genes encoding glycoproteins G, D, I and E: expression of FHV-1 glycoprotein D in vaccinia and raccoon poxviruses (1994)

The genome of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), the major cause of viral upper respiratory disease in cats, contains several genes encoding homologues of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoproteins. Restriction mapping studies have indicated that the group D genome of FHV-1 contains a unique short region that is 9.0 kb long. The nucleotide sequence of a 6.2 kb portion of this region was determined. Analyses of this sequence have identified five open reading frames capable of encoding homologues to HSV-1 protein kinase and glycoproteins gG, gD, gI and gE. Since gD of FHV-1 is most likely an immunologically important polypeptide, vaccinia and raccoon poxvirus recombinants expressing this glycoprotein were generated. In an indirect fluorescent antibody test these recombinants reacted strongly with a rabbit anti-FHV-1 serum. High titres of virus-neutralizing antibodies were also generated in rabbits inoculated with the vaccinia virus recombinant. A 53K viral polypeptide (gD) was detected with this antiserum on Western blots containing polypeptides from potassium tartrate-purified virions.
Molecular Phylogeny of Labyrinthulids and Thraustochytrids Based On the Sequencing of 18s Ribosomal Rna Gene (1999)

Labyrinthulids and thraustochytrids are unicellular heterotrophs, formerly considered as fungi, but presently are recognized as members in the stramenopiles of the kingdom Protista sensu lato. We determined the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of 14 strains from different species of the six genera and analyzed the molecular phylogenetic relationships. The results conflict with the current classification based on morphology, at the genus and species levels. These organisms are separated, based on signature sequences and unique inserted sequences, into two major groups, which were named the labyrinthulid phylogenetic group and the thraustochytrid phylogenetic group. Although these groupings are in disagreement with many conventional taxonomic characters, they correlated better with the sugar composition of the cell wall. Thus, the currently used taxonomic criteria need serious reconsideration.
A fully microfabricated two-dimensional electrospray array with applications to space propulsion (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
An approach to dynamic reconfiguration of distributed systems based on object-middleware (2001)

There is an increasing demand for long running and highly available systems. This holds particularly for distributed systems based on object-middleware, which are becoming increasingly popular nowadays. Dynamic reconfiguration consists of modifying the configuration of a system during rantime, contributing to the availability of the system. This paper introduces a novel approach to dynamic reconfiguration of distributed systems based on object-middleware. The paper also discusses some issues related to the implementation of our approach and proposes a design for a Dynamic Reconfiguration Service using CORBA standard mechanisms.
Time-frequency analysis reveals decreased high-frequency oscillations in writer's cramp (2006)

High-frequency oscillations (HFO) have been suggested to reflect the activity of thalamocortical and/or intracortical neurons bursting at high frequencies. These circuits seem to be involved in pathophysiological mechanisms of focal dystonia. In healthy subjects, we characterized the spectrotemporal properties of HFO patterns evoked by dominant-hand median-nerve stimulation, using magnetoencephalography coupled with time-frequency analysis. Then, we investigated HFO in patients with writer's cramp and found that HFO patterns are strongly decreased in power and disorganized in time. This supports the assumption that abnormal HFOs reflect pathophysiological mechanisms occurring in focal dystonia, possibly resulting from a dysfunction of somatosensory processing.