gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simple Synthesis of Poly(acetylene) Latex Particles in Aqueous Media (2003)

The metathesis catalyst 1 allows the first living cyclopolymerization of 1,6-heptadiynes. With the chiral 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4-(1S,2R,5S)-(+)-menthoxycarbonyl-1,6-heptadiyne highly tactic polymers with an alternating cis–trans structure and a stereoregularity of greater than 95 % are obtained. Fixation of 1 on poly(2-oxazoline) block copolymers provides access to poly(acetylene)s under aqueous conditions by micellar catalysis. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z52637_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A dominant-negative mutant of human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase affects cell recovery, apoptosis, and sister chromatid exchange following DNA damage. (1995)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase [PARP; NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase; NAD+:poly(adenosine-diphosphate-D-ribosyl)-acceptor ADP-D-ribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.30] is a zinc-dependent eukaryotic DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes DNA strand breaks produced by various genotoxic agents. To study the biological function of this enzyme, we have established stable HeLa cell lines that constitutively produce the 46-kDa DNA-binding domain of human PARP (PARP-DBD), leading to the trans-dominant inhibition of resident PARP activity. As a control, a cell line was constructed, producing a point-mutated version of the DBD, which has no affinity for DNA in vitro. Expression of the PARP-DBD had only a slight effect on undamaged cells but had drastic consequences for cells treated with genotoxic agents. Exposure of cell lines expressing the wild-type (wt) or the mutated PARP-DBD, with low doses of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) resulted in an increase in their doubling time, a G2 + M accumulation, and a marked reduction in cell survival. However, UVC irradiation had no preferential effect on the cell growth or viability of cell lines expressing the PARP-DBD. These PARP-DBD-expressing cells treated with MNNG presented the characteristic nucleosomal DNA ladder, one of the hallmarks of cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, these cells exhibited chromosomal instability as demonstrated by higher frequencies of both spontaneous and MNNG-induced sister chromatid exchanges. Surprisingly, the line producing the mutated DBD had the same behavior as those producing the wt DBD, indicating that the mechanism of action of the dominant-negative mutant involves more than its DNA-binding function. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that PARP is an element of the G2 checkpoint in mammalian cells.
Design and Implementation of Dual Wideband Dipole Type Antenna for the Reception of S-DMB and 2.4/5 GHz WLAN Signals (2006)

In this paper, we designed and implemented a dual wideband dipole type antenna for the reception of S-DMB (Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) and 2.4/5 GHz WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network) signals. The proposed antenna based on conventional monopole type dual band antenna was implemented as planar wideband dipole type antenna with the volume of . The proposed antenna is printed type on FR4 substrate of 1.6 mm thick and composed of a dipole type antenna for low frequency band and two symmetric structured resonance elements for high frequency band. We confirmed antenna area with dense surface current for each frequency band with simulation. By varying the length of the antenna area with dense surface current, we could vary resonance frequency of each frequency band separately. Impedance bandwidths are 362 MHz(14.23 %) for 2 GHz band and 1188 MHz(22.13, %) for 5 GHz band which show wideband characteristic. Measured maximum gains were 4.33 dBi for 2 GHz band and 5.48 dBi for 5 GHz band which showed improved performance. And the implemented antenna has a good omni-directional radiation pattern characteristic.
Identification of a novel cyclosporin-sensitive element in the human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene promoter. (1993)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine with pleiotropic biological effects, is produced by a variety of cell types in response to induction by diverse stimuli. In this paper, TNF-alpha mRNA is shown to be highly induced in a murine T cell clone by stimulation with T cell receptor (TCR) ligands or by calcium ionophores alone. Induction is rapid, does not require de novo protein synthesis, and is completely blocked by the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA). We have identified a human TNF-alpha promoter element, kappa 3, which plays a key role in the calcium-mediated inducibility and CsA sensitivity of the gene. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays, an oligonucleotide containing kappa 3 forms two DNA protein complexes with proteins that are present in extracts from unstimulated T cells. These complexes appear in nuclear extracts only after T cell stimulation. Induction of the inducible nuclear complexes is rapid, independent of protein synthesis, and blocked by CsA, and thus, exactly parallels the induction of TNF-alpha mRNA by TCR ligands or by calcium ionophore. Our studies indicate that the kappa 3 binding factor resembles the preexisting component of nuclear factor of activated T cells. Thus, the TNF-alpha gene is an immediate early gene in activated T cells and provides a new model system in which to study CsA-sensitive gene induction in activated T cells.
Restoration of Collagen Formation in Photodamaged Human Skin by Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid) (1993)

The formation of collagen I is significantly decreased in photodamaged human skin, and this process is partly restored by treatment with tretinoin.
Frequency diversity effects in multicarrier digital radio systems (1991)

Abstract Frequency diversity usually is employed in microwave radio systems, where protection channels with different frequencies are prepared and the transmitting data signal is switched to the protection channel to secure the channel reliability when the channel quality is deteriorated by the fading. In multicarrier radio systems, there can be various channel switching configurations, since the protection channel is composed of more than one primary carriers. This paper discusses the effects of the frequency diversity in various switching schemes in the multicarrier radio system. As the model for the theoretical analysis for the microwave fading, the three‐ray multipath fading model is assumed which is close to the actual transmission path. The frequency correlation coefficient and the joint probability for the received power distribution in different radio channels also are derived by a simulation calculation. The effects of the frequency diversity of various switching schemes in the multicarrier system are evaluated. The validity of the presented result is verified by the simultaneous measurement of more than one channel with different frequencies in the actual over‐water transmission path by the measurements of the frequency correlation coefficient and the joint probability distribution for the received power.
Inhibition of the Na+/I‐ symporter by harmaline and 3‐amino‐1‐methyl‐5H‐pyrido(4,3‐b)indole acetate in thyroid cells and membrane vesicles (1991)

Novel inhibitors of the Na+/I- symporter were identified using rat-thyroid-derived FRTL-5 cells and sealed vesicles from calf thyroid as model systems. Na(+)-dependent 125I- uptake was inhibited by the hallucinogenic drug harmaline and by a chemically related convulsive agent, 3-amino-1-methyl- 5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole acetate (TRP-P-2). TRP-P-2 (Ki = 0.25 mM) was tenfold more effective as an inhibitor than harmaline (Ki = 4.0 mM). Inhibition by TRP-P-2 was competitive with respect to Na+ and was fully reversible. Although TRP-P-2 is a relatively low-affinity inhibitor, its affinity for the Na+ site of the Na+/I- symporter is over 100 times higher than that of Na+ (Km = 50 mM). 45Ca(2+)-efflux rates in calf thyroid membrane vesicles were not affected by TRP-P-2, indicating that membrane integrity is not disrupted by the drug. These findings show that TRP-P-2 may be a potentially useful tool for the identification and characterization of the Na+/I- symporter.
Prophylactic Therapy for Stress Ulcer Bleeding: A Reappraisal (1987)

The combined data from 16 prospective trials (2133 patients) appear to suggest that antacids prevent stress ulcer bleeding more effectively than does cimetidine. However, the use of occult blood detection methods to diagnose stress ulcer bleeding may have led to the recognition of clinically insignificant bleeding. When the data from these trials are categorized according to the criteria used for the diagnoses of bleeding (either occult blood detection or clinically overt bleeding), there was no significant difference between antacids and cimetidine in the prevention of overt bleeding (3.3% of 458 compared with 2.7% of 402 patients who bled, respectively; p = 0.69). In addition, both agents were more effective (p less than 0.001) than placebo (15% of 720 patients who bled) in the prevention of overt bleeding. Cimetidine and antacids are equal in preventing significant stress ulcer bleeding.
Lysistrata (1991)

La composition de Lysistrata se situe dans une priode dramatique de l'histoire grecque : la Guerre du Ploponnse qui dure de 431 404 avant J.-C. et se termine par la dfaite d'Athnes, au profit de sa grande rivale, Sparte. Nous connaissons les pisodes de cette guerre grce aux tmoignages, notamment, de Thucydide et de Xnophon. L'oeuvre d'Aristophane est profondment ancre dans ce contexte et il nous en donne un clairage diffrent. La priode qui nous intresse le plus est celle qui va de l'expdition de Sicile la mise en place du rgime des Quatre Cents (415-411 avant J.-C.).
WS-7338, new endothelin receptor antagonists isolated from Streptomyces sp. No. 7338. II. Biological characterization and pharmacological characterization of WS-7338 B. (1992)

WS-7338, produced by Streptomyces sp. No. 7338, was found to be a competitive and specific antagonist against ET-1 receptors in in vitro studies and WS-7338 B is also active in vivo. Furthermore, WS-7338 B was a specific antagonist for vascular ET-1 receptors (ETA receptors) and significantly prevented the accumulation of intracellular inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) in endothelin treated rat aorta tissues.
Effects of antireflux treatment on bronchial hyper-responsiveness and lung function in asthmatic patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (2003)

Antireflux therapy may improve pulmonary function and inhibit bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthmatic patients with GERD.
Electrically induced stimuli for MEMS self-test (2002)

A major problem for applying self-test techniques to MEMS is the multi-domain nature of the sensing parts that require special test equipment for stimuli generation. In this work we describe, for three different types of MEMS that work in different energy domains, how the required nonelectrical test stimuli can be induced onchip by means of electrical signals. This provides the basis for adding BIST strategies for MEMS parts embedded in the coming generation of integrated systems. The first case corresponds to an accelerometer as a review of a classical example. The last two cases correspond to piezoresistive and infrared sensors that we use in innovative applications under development in our Laboratory, and for which the self-test methods are new to our knowledge. The last case is also illustrated as a complete application that corresponds to an infrared imager. The on-chip test signal generation proposed requires only slight modifications and allows production test of the imager with a standard test equipment, without the need of special infrared sources and the associated optical equipment. The test function can also be activated off-line in the field for validation and maintenance purposes.
Selective dielectrophoretic confinement of bioparticles in potential energy wells (1993)

The potential energy surfaces generated by microelectrodes of polynomial and interdigitated castellated geometry have been calculated for particles experiencing both positive and negative dielectrophoretic forces. The resulting forms of particle collection at these electrodes are governed by the locations of the potential energy wells, and the theoretical predictions of the modes of collection for particles experiencing positive and negative dielectrophoretic forces are verified using mixtures of viable and non-viable yeast cells, as well as of bacteria and blood cells. An important result for the interdigitated electrodes is the finding that particles trapped in potential energy wells under the action of negative dielectrophoresis can be more easily removed from the electrode structure (e.g. by fluid flow or gravitational forces) than those trapped under positive dielectrophoresis. This was verified for mixtures of bacteria and blood cells, viable and non-viable yeast cells.
Macrophage Tropism of HIV-1 (1990)

Both in vivo and in vitro studies clearly demonstrate that cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage are major hosts for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Presumably these cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To further delineate the interactions between HIV-1 and host cells, the susceptibility and permissivity of normal human peripheral blood-derived monocyte/macrophages (M/M) and T lymphocytes, and neoplastic monocytoid and lymphoid cell lines to various HIV-1 isolates was assessed. The results suggest: (1) "fresh" isolates recovered from patients and propagated only in normal host cells exhibit a dual tropism for both M/M and T cells, regardless of their tissue of origin or the cell type from which they were isolated; (2) the repeated passage of an HIV-1 isolate through normal M/M does not generally result in the loss of the ability to infect normal T cells nor vice versa; (3) the majority of fresh HIV-1 isolates do not infect neoplastic cells of either origin, and those that do show no preference for monocytoid or lymphoid targets, regardless of their cell origin.
Quality and Quantity of Saliva DNA Obtained from the Self-administrated Oragene Method—A Pilot Study on the Cohort of Swedish Men (2006)

Self-collection of saliva has the potential to provide molecular epidemiologic studies with DNA in a user-friendly way. We evaluated the new Oragene saliva collection method and requested saliva samples by mail from 611 men (ages 53-87 years). We obtained a response rate of, on average, 80% [varying from 89% (ages 67-71 years) to 71% (ages 77-87 years)]. DNA was extracted from 90 randomly selected samples, and its usefulness was evaluated with respect to quality, quantity, and whole-genome amplification (WGA). Visual inspection of DNA on agarose gels showed high molecular weight DNA (>23 kb) and no degradation. Total DNA yield measured with PicoGreen ranged from 1.2 to 169.7 mug, with a mean of 40.3 mug (SD, 36.5 mug) and a median of 29.4 mug. Human DNA yield was estimated by real-time PCR of the human prothrombin gene to account for 68% (SD, 20%) of total DNA. We did WGA on 81 saliva DNA samples by using the GenomiPhi DNA kit and genotyped both saliva DNA and WGA DNA for 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms randomly selected from the human genome. Overall genotyping success rate was 96% for saliva DNA and 95% for WGA DNA; 79% of saliva DNA samples and 79% of WGA DNA samples were successfully genotyped for all 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. For the 10 specific assays, the success rates ranged between 88% and 100%. Almost complete genotypic concordance (99.7%) was observed between saliva DNA and WGA DNA. In conclusion, Oragene saliva DNA in this study collected from men is of high quality and can be used as an alternative to blood DNA in molecular epidemiologic studies.
The Status of Health Assessment 1994 (1995)

General health status and a broader concept of quality of life are discussed and methods of widely used surveys are reviewed. A consensus regarding the inclusion of measures of physical, mental, social, and role functioning and general health perceptions is noted for comprehensive assessments of health. A schematic of relationships among condition-specific and generic measures is presented along with results expected for objective and subjective measures of physical and mental dimensions of health. Suggestions are offered for the labeling of disease-specific and generic measures and ways to avoid confounding of content. Applications of health surveys in general population monitoring, health policy evaluation, clinical trials of alternative treatments, monitoring and improving of health care outcomes, and in everyday clinical practice are exemplified and discussed. A unified measurement strategy is proposed and arguments in favor of standardizing the content of health surveys across applications are offered.
Curing of a Bisphenol E Based Cyanate Ester Using Magnetic Nanoparticles as an Internal Heat Source through Induction Heating (2013)

We report on the control of cyclotrimerization forming a polycyanurate polymer using magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in an alternating-current (ac) field as an internal heat source, starting from a commercially available monomer. Magnetic nanoparticles were dispersed in the monomer and catalytic system using sonication, and the mixture was subjected to an alternating magnetic field, causing the magnetic nanoparticles to dissipate the energy of the magnetic field in the form of heat. Internal heating of the particle/monomer/catalyst system was sufficient to start and sustain the polymerization reaction, producing a cyanate ester network with conversion that compared favorably to polymerization through heating in a conventional laboratory oven. The two heating methods gave similar differential scanning calorimetry temperature profiles, conversion rates, and glass transition temperatures when using the same temperature profile. The ability of magnetic nanoparticles in an ac field to drive the curing reaction should allow for other reactions forming high-temperature thermosetting polymers and for innovative ways to process such polymers.
Activation of LH receptors expressed in GnRH neurons stimulates cyclic AMP production and inhibits pulsatile neuropeptide release (1996)

The GT1-7 cell line of immortalized GnRH neurons has been shown to express receptors for GnRH, LH, and prolactin, as well as a variety of other hormones and transmitters. Treatment of GT1-7 cells with hCG caused a dose-dependent increase in cAMP production, with a rapid increase during the first 15 min and a subsequent decrease that was prevented by pre-treatment with pertussis toxin. Furthermore, the stimulatory effect of cholera toxin on cAMP production was inhibited by hCG in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that the LH receptors expressed in GT1-7 cells are coupled to adenylyl cyclase both stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) proteins. In perifused cell cultures, treatment with forskolin and 8-bromo cAMP increased the amplitude of spontaneous GnRH release. However, treatment with nanomolar concentrations of hCG abolished pulsatile GnRH release from both GT1-7 cells and rat hypothalamic cells. The similarity of hCG action on pulsatile GnRH release to that of extracellular Ca2+ depletion and calcium channel antagonists, and its partial resistance to potassium-induced depolarization, suggest that it results from inhibition of plasma-membrane ion channel activity. It is probable that the inhibitory action of hCG on pulsatile GnRH release is responsible for initiation of the suppression of pituitary LH secretion during pregnancy.
Reversal of Human Neutrophil Survival by Leukotriene B4 Receptor Blockade and 5-Lipoxygenase and 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein Inhibitors (1999)

Persistent neutrophilia is a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Leukotriene synthesis inhibitors and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in the treatment of asthma. Antagonism of leukotriene (LT)B(4) receptors is being considered as a mode of treating COPD. We examined the capacity for inhibition of leukotriene synthesis and LTB(4) receptor antagonism to reduce survival of neutrophils from patients with COPD and those from normal subjects. The basal apoptosis level of these cells was 55.4 +/- 2.4% (mean +/- SEM) of total cells. Separate exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), dexamethasone (DEX), and LTB(4) increased neutrophil survival (p < 0. 001). The LTB(4) receptor antagonist SB201146 abolished LPS-induced survival in a concentration-dependent manner (10 pmol to 0.1 microM), with an IC(50) of 1.9 nM. Combined exposure to SB201146 and to the cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist SKF104353 did not have a greater effect on survival than did exposure to SB201146 alone. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) with BWA4C and of 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP) with MK886 abolished GM-CSF- and DEX-induced neutrophil survival. BWA4C and MK886 abolished GM-CSF- induced neotrophil survival in a concentration-dependent manner (1 nM to 10 microM), with IC(50) values of 182.0 nM and 63.1 nM, respectively. These findings demonstrate reversal of LPS-, GM-CSF-, and DEX-induced neutrophil survival by LTB(4) receptor antagonism and inhibitors of 5-LO and FLAP. They also suggest a potential additional antiinflammatory mode of action of these compounds through reduction of cell survival.
ASSESSMENT OF SERUM MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES MMP-2 AND MMP-9 AFTER HUMAN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: INCREASED SERUM MMP-9 LEVEL IN ACUTE REJECTION (2004)

Patients with acute allograft rejection have elevated serum levels of MMP-9 1 week after OLT, which was most likely derived from inflammatory cells. An increased MMP-2 serum level and liver tissue content was found in patients with cirrhosis, which decreased after OLT. These observations indicate active involvement of MMP-2 and -9 in end-stage liver disease and OLT.
Near-neutrality in evolution of genes and gene regulation (2002)

The nearly neutral theory contends that the interaction of drift and selection is important and occurs at various levels, including synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions in protein coding regions and sequence turnover of regulatory elements. Recent progress of the theory is reviewed, and the interaction between drift and selection is suggested to differ at these different levels. Weak selective force on synonymous changes is stable, whereas its consequence on nonsynonymous changes depends on environmental factors. Selection on differentiation of regulatory elements is even more dependent on environmental factors than on amino acid changes. Of particular significance is the role of drift in the evolution of gene regulation that directly participates in morphological evolution. The range of near neutrality depends on the effective size of the population that is influenced by selected linked loci. In addition to the effective population size, molecular chaperones such as heat shock protein 90 have significant effects on the range of near neutrality.