gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization and imaging of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies against colorectal carcinoma in tumor-bearing nude mice. (1988)

Four monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) (35, 115, 17-1A, and B72.3) directed towards human carcinoma surface antigens have been studied in athymic nude mice with LS174T, CO112, or SW948 colon carcinoma xenografts or negative control melanoma (MEL-1), lymphoma (Namalwa), and breast (MCF-7) carcinoma xenografts to evaluate the effects of antigenic heterogeneity and time after administration on localization and imaging. 125I-labeled 115 showed the highest uptake of any antibody in LS174T tumors. MoAbs 35 and B72.3 showed similar but lower levels of uptake in LS174T and CO112 tumors, but B72.3 concentrated less in SW948 tumors. 17-1A showed the highest degree of accumulation in SW948 tumor xenografts. No specific uptake of the four anti-carcinoma MoAbs was observed in MEL-1, Namalwa, or MCF-7 xenografts. The specificity of the in vivo tumor localization of the four anti-carcinoma MoAbs was confirmed by the low degree of accumulation of a control MoAb against influenza virus in LS174T tumors. Imaging studies with 131I-labeled colorectal cancer MoAbs showed specific uptake and retention in LS174T tumors, with progressive clearance from the whole body. The colorectal cancer MoAbs were compared for immunohistochemical binding against biopsies from patients with colorectal cancer and adjacent normal colonic tissue. Most colorectal cancer specimens showed moderate to strong staining with the four MoAbs. The percentage of positive cells varied within and between tumors demonstrating antigenic heterogeneity. Absent to slight focal staining was seen with normal colon tissue. B72.3 showed the highest degree of staining specificity. This study indicates a difference in the immunohistochemical binding of a panel of MoAbs against biopsies of colon adenocarcinoma and a dependence of in vivo localization on the human colon cancer cell line used as target. This has important implications for future clinical diagnostic and therapeutic studies.
Reduction Methods of Conducted EMI Noise on Parallel Operation for AC Module Inverters (2007)

An AC photovoltaic module system consists of a photovoltaic module and a voltage source inverter, and a number of the ac modules are connected in parallel. The inverters have to be connected to a photovoltaic module on the roof of a residence, therefore it is necessary to make it small and light weight. Thus, the flyback inverter is used for the AC module system in this paper. The advantage of the inverters is that stable current injection into a utility line can be achieved without using the inter-linkage inductor. When the common-mode filter is connected in series to the total output of the inverters, the reduction effect of the common-mode noise is greater than when individual filters are connected to each inverter output. This paper discusses common- and differential-mode EMI noise for AC module inverters and shows an installation point for a common- and differential-mode filter to reduce the noise voltage.
Spherical aberration of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the human cornea (2006)

A ray-tracing procedure was applied to corrected Scheimpflug photography measurements to determine the spherical aberration of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea. It was found that the total spherical aberration of the cornea increases slightly with age. The spherical aberration of the posterior corneal surface is negative at a young age and becomes positive at an older age. To make an accurate description of the spherical aberration for the whole eye, the posterior surface must also be measured.
Gefitinib in Pretreated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Analysis of Efficacy and Correlation With HER2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC (2003)

According to these data, efficacy, toxicity, and symptom outcome in patients with NSCLC treated with gefitinib do not seem to be related to HER2 expression.
Exploiting the Semantic Web for unsupervised spoken language understanding (2012)

This paper proposes an unsupervised training approach for SLU systems that leverages the structured semantic knowledge graphs of the emerging Semantic Web. The approach creates natural language surface forms of entity-relation-entity portions of knowledge graphs using a combination of web search retrieval and syntax-based dependency parsing. The new forms are used to train an SLU system in an unsupervised manner. This paper tests the approach on the problem of intent detection, and shows that the unsupervised training procedure matches the performance of supervised training over operating points important for commercial applications.
Attenuation measurement of cylindrical dielectric-rod waveguide (1976)

Measurements have been made of the attenuation coefficient of cylindrical dielectric-rod waveguide by a transmission method at 100 GHz. An 8 dB/m attenuation coefficient was obtained, caused half and half by the absorption due to losses in the dielectric and by the scattering due to irregularities and inhomogeneities in the dielectric.
Efficient mid-query re-optimization of sub-optimal query execution plans (1998)

For a number of reasons, even the best query optimizers can very often produce sub-optimal query execution plans, leading to a significant degradation of performance. This is especially true in databases used for complex decision support queries and/or object-relational databases. In this paper, we describe an algorithm that detects sub-optimality of a query execution plan during query execution and attempts to correct the problem. The basic idea is to collect statistics at key points during the execution of a complex query. These statistics are then used to optimize the execution of the query, either by improving the resource allocation for that query, or by changing the execution plan for the remainder of the query. To ensure that this does not significantly slow down the normal execution of a query, the Query Optimizer carefully chooses what statistics to collect, when to collect them, and the circumstances under which to re-optimize the query. We describe an implementation of this algorithm in the Paradise Database System, and we report on performance studies, which indicate that this can result in significant improvements in the performance of complex queries.
Exercício do Poder Familiar e a Educação da Criança e Adolescente: a Possibilidade de Opção pela Educação Domiciliar no Brasil (2016)

The article evaluates the possibility of homeschooling in Brazil, as a development of the power and duty to educate parents. It addresses the Brazilian education system, structured in school education, that still does not explain the possibility of homeschooling. The work provides the foundation for the defense of family education and presents the litigation. The study is used bibliographic research. Justified on the weights on freedom and duties that are relevant to education and training of children. Concluded that children's education is duty of family, society and state. By allowing themselves to homeschooling, one is guaranteeing freedom and pluralism.
Escherichia coli Ghost Production by Expression of Lysis Gene E and Staphylococcal Nuclease (2003)

The production of bacterial ghosts from Escherichia coli is accomplished by the controlled expression of phage phiX174 lysis gene E and, in contrast to other gram-negative bacterial species, is accompanied by the rare detection of nonlysed, reproductive cells within the ghost preparation. To overcome this problem, the expression of a secondary killing gene was suggested to give rise to the complete genetic inactivation of the bacterial samples. The expression of staphylococcal nuclease A in E. coli resulted in intracellular accumulation of the protein and degradation of the host DNA into fragments shorter than 100 bp. Two expression systems for the nuclease are presented and were combined with the protein E-mediated lysis system. Under optimized conditions for the coexpression of gene E and the staphylococcal nuclease, the concentration of viable cells fell below the lower limit of detection, whereas the rates of ghost formation were not affected. With regard to the absence of reproductive cells from the ghost fractions, the reduction of viability could be determined as being at least 7 to 8 orders of magnitude. The lysis process was characterized by electrophoretic analysis and absolute quantification of the genetic material within the cells and the culture supernatant via real-time PCR. The ongoing degradation of the bacterial nucleic acids resulted in a continuous quantitative clearance of the genetic material associated with the lysing cells until the concentrations fell below the detection limits of either assay. No functional, released genetic units (genes) were detected within the supernatant during the lysis process, including nuclease expression.
Carbon nano-onions: large-scale preparation, functionalization and their application as anode material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries (2016)

Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are one of the most promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of their outstanding physicochemical properties.
High molecular weight hyaluronic acid inhibits advanced glycation endproduct‐induced NF‐κB activation and cytokine expression (1999)

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), which accumulate on long-lived proteins and protein deposits (amyloids), induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines through NF-kappaB-dependent pathways. Hyaluronic acid with a molecular weight above 1.2 MDa (HMW-HA) inhibits the AGE-induced activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB and the NF-kappaB-regulated cytokines interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Since the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid in humans decreases with age and under conditions of oxidative stress, it is likely that the protective effect of HMW-HA against AGE-induced cellular activation is lost at sites of chronic inflammation and in older age.
Retinoic Acid‐Induced Human Secretin Gene Expression in Neuronal Cells Is Mediated by Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase 1 (2006)

Previously, we found that secretin transcript levels were induced by all-trans retinoic acid (RA) in a neuroblastoma cell model, SH-SY5Y. In this article, this RA-dependent upregulation process was further investigated. In the cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) inhibitor-treated cells, the RA-dependent induction of secretin gene expression was inhibited. Together with our previous works, we propose here that the RA responsiveness of the secretin promotor is mediated by two different pathways. The first pathway is by changing the expression levels of NFI-C and Sp proteins while the second pathway is by modifying the phosphorylation status of both NFI-C and Sp proteins via Cdk1.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of IPX066 (2015)

IPX066 shows dose-proportional pharmacokinetics. Sprinkling the capsule contents on applesauce does not affect the pharmacokinetics; a high-fat, high-calorie meal delayed absorption by 1 to 2 hours, slightly reduced Cmax, and slightly increased extent of absorption.
中国经济与世界经济的关系:贸易、投资及其发展 (1988)

四个现代化是由周恩来在1964年首先提出的。1978年,在中共十一届三中全会上制定了对外开放政策。1980年2月,邓小平发表了有关对外开放政策的讲话。从这时到1981年中出现的新面貌实际上已摆脱了旧的模式。1981年中期至1984年中期,反对自由化思潮的整顿运动使对外政策受到一定的阻碍。这就迫使中国寻找更合乎国情的对外贸易的路子,以处理好自力更生与对外开放之间的正确关系。赵紫阳把自力更生重新解释为:通过与
Models for Prediction of Factor VIII Half-Life in Severe Haemophiliacs: Distinct Approaches for Blood Group O and Non-O Patients (2009)

Our approach may identify patients with shorter FVIII half-lives, and adapt treatment protocols when half-life studies are unavailable. In addition, our data indicate that survival of FVIII is determined by survival of endogenous VWF rather than VWF levels per se.
A physical linkage between cystic fibrosis airway surface dehydration and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (2006)

A vexing problem in cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogenesis has been to explain the high prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in CF airways. We speculated that airway surface liquid (ASL) hyperabsorption generates a concentrated airway mucus that interacts with P. aeruginosa to promote biofilms. To model CF vs. normal airway infections, normal (2.5% solids) and CF-like concentrated (8% solids) mucus were prepared, placed in flat chambers, and infected with an approximately 5 x 10(3) strain PAO1 P. aeruginosa. Although bacteria grew to 10(10) cfu/ml in both mucus concentrations, macrocolony formation was detected only in the CF-like (8% solids) mucus. Biophysical and functional measurements revealed that concentrated mucus exhibited properties that restrict bacterial motility and small molecule diffusion, resulting in high local bacterial densities with high autoinducer concentrations. These properties also rendered secondary forms of antimicrobial defense, e.g., lactoferrin, ineffective in preventing biofilm formation in a CF-like mucus environment. These data link airway surface liquid hyperabsorption to the high incidence of P. aeruginosa biofilms in CF via changes in the hydration-dependent physical-chemical properties of mucus and suggest that the thickened mucus gel model will be useful to develop therapies of P. aeruginosa biofilms in CF airways.
Inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals (1998)

A detailed review of inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals (water or water–organic dispersions of certain non-organic substances) is presented. The history of the discovery of these mesophases is described and their classification is considered. The structure and properties of all liquid crystals of this class known to date are analysed in detail.
The use of microgravity for cavity characterization in karstic terrains (2005)

Microgravity is the interpretation of changes in the subsurface density distribution from the measurement of minute variations in the gravitational attraction of the Earth. As a technique, it is particularly suited to the investigation of subsurface structures, mapping of geological boundaries and, most importantly in this case, the location and characterization of voids or cavities. Gravity variations due to the geological/petrophysical changes associated with fracturing and changes in pore composition are superimposed upon much larger variations due to elevation, latitude, topography, Earth tides and regional geological variations. However, these external changes can be modelled or monitored with sufficient accuracy to be removed from the data. With the recent development of high-resolution instruments, careful field acquisition techniques and sophisticated reduction, processing and analysis routines, anomalies as small as 10 microgal can be detected and interpreted effectively. This paper describes the ‘state-of-the-art’ application of the microgravity technique for the detection and characterization of karstic cavities in a variety of limestone terrains, including the Carboniferous Limestone of the United Kingdom and Eire and the coral limestones of the Bahamas. The case study examples show how the recorded gravity anomalies have revealed the location of density variations associated with underground cave systems and, ultimately, provided information on their depths, shapes and morphology from a combined analysis of their spectral content, characteristic gradient signatures and modelling responses. In addition, mass deficiencies have been estimated, directly from the anomaly map, by the use of Gauss's theorem without any prior knowledge of the exact location, or nature, of the causative bodies.
Miniaturization, calibration & accuracy evaluation of a hybrid self-tracker (2004)

We have previously presented a prototype of a novel vision/inertial hybrid self-tracker intended for AR, wearable computing and mobile robotics applications. In this paper we describe a new prototype of the system which has been greatly reduced in size, weight, power consumption and cost, while simultaneously improved in performance through careful calibration. We describe the calibration approach in detail and present results to show the high accuracy levels achieved for the camera calibration and for the integrated tracking system.
Combining Results from Lectin Affinity Chromatography and Glycocapture Approaches Substantially Improves the Coverage of the Glycoproteome (2008)

Identification of glycosylated proteins, especially those in the plasma membrane, has the potential of defining diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets as well as increasing our understanding of changes occurring in the glycoproteome during normal differentiation and disease processes. Although many cellular proteins are glycosylated they are rarely identified by mass spectrometric analysis (e.g. shotgun proteomics) of total cell lysates. Therefore, methods that specifically target glycoproteins are necessary to facilitate their isolation from total cell lysates prior to their identification by mass spectrometry-based analysis. To enrich for plasma membrane glycoproteins the methods must selectively target characteristics associated with proteins within this compartment. We demonstrate that the application of two methods, one that uses periodate to label glycoproteins of intact cells and a hydrazide resin to capture the labeled glycoproteins and another that targets glycoproteins with sialic acid residues using lectin affinity chromatography, in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is effective for plasma membrane glycoprotein identification. We demonstrate that this combination of methods dramatically increases coverage of the plasma membrane proteome (more than one-half of the membrane glycoproteins were identified by the two methods uniquely) and also results in the identification of a large number of secreted glycoproteins. Our approach avoids the need for subcellular fractionation and utilizes a simple detergent lysis step that effectively solubilizes membrane glycoproteins. The plasma membrane localization of a subset of proteins identified was validated, and the dynamics of their expression in HeLa cells was evaluated during the cell cycle. Results obtained from the cell cycle studies demonstrate that plasma membrane protein expression can change up to 4-fold as cells transit the cell cycle and demonstrate the need to consider such changes when carrying out quantitative proteomics comparison of cell lines.
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: a prospective evaluation of 211 patients. (1983)

Two hundred eleven consecutive patients treated for acute thromboembolic disease were evaluated prospectively for the incidence of thrombocytopenia while receiving heparin treatment. One hundred patients received beef lung heparin and 111 patients received porcine intestinal mucosal heparin. All patients received a minimum of 4 consecutive days of continuous intravenous heparin, and platelet counts were determined prior to, at least twice weekly, and at the cessation of heparin therapy. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia was defined as a decline from a normal platelet count (100,000-400,000/mm3) to less than 100,000/mm3 with a return to above 100,000/mm3 after the discontinuation of heparin. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia developed in 11 patients (5.2% incidence). Ten of the thrombocytopenic patients had received beef lung heparin and one received porcine mucosal heparin. Chi-square analysis of these data was significant (p = 0.007). Plasma from seven of nine thrombocytopenic patients demonstrated a plasma factor compatible with a heparin-sensitive antiplatelet antibody. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia appeared on days 2 to 10 of therapy. Cessation of heparin resulted in remission of thrombocytopenia within 4 days in all patients. Serial quantitative platelet count determinations are indicated in all patients receiving therapeutic heparinization for the early recognition and resolution of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia.
Corrigendum to: The mystery of the trichothecene 3‐O‐acetyltransferase gene. Analysis of the region around Tri101 and characterization of its homologue from Fusarium sporotrichioides (FEBS 20823) (1998)

The accession number of the DNA sequence around Tri101 (8646 bp) was incorrectly indicated in Fig. 1A (page 164) and in the text (page 165). The correct number is: AB011417.
Optimizing MCPA (K-salt) activity with adjuvants (2000)

MCPA [2-methyl-4-chloro phenoxy acetic acid] is applied with various water sources containing antagonistic salts. It is applied without an adjuvant but is often mixed with bromoxynil for a broader spectrum of weeds. MCPA (K-salt) was applied in carriers containing calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. Ammonium salts and other adjuvants were tested to overcome possible antagonism. Control of Fallopia convolvulus with MCPA was decreased with the calcium chloride as carrier but not when sodium bicarbonate was the carrier. Ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate overcame the calcium chloride antagonism and ammonium bicarbonate partially overcame the antagonism. Ammonium hydroxide and potassium chloride could not overcome calcium chloride antagonism, even in the presence of other adjuvants. An alkylated phenol-ethylene oxide surfactant could not overcome antagonism when applied in the absence of ammonium nitrate. Calcium chloride antagonism of MCPA in a mixture with a bromoxynil formulation blank was similar to the antagonism of MCPA applied alone. Both a petroleum oil/nonionic surfactant blend and the alkylated phenol-ethylene oxide surfactant reduced the ability of ammonium bicarbonate to overcome calcium chloride antagonism. MCPA (K-salt) should be registered with ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate in areas with hard water.
Cloning and Characterization of Mouse Lung-type Acyl-CoA:Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) (2006)

Phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, PC), is an important constituent of biological membranes. It is also the major component of serum lipoproteins and pulmonary surfactant. In the remodeling pathway of PC biosynthesis, 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (LPC) is converted to PC by acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT, EC 2.3.1.23). Whereas LPCAT activity has been detected in several tissues, the structure and detailed biochemical information on the enzyme have not yet been reported. Here, we present the cloning and characterization of a cDNA for mouse lung-type LPCAT (LPCAT1). The cDNA encodes an enzyme of 60 kDa, with three putative transmembrane domains. When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, mouse LPCAT1 exhibited Ca(2+)-independent activity with a pH optimum between 7.4 and 10. LPCAT1 demonstrated a clear preference for saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, and 1-myristoyl- or 1-palmitoyl-LPC as acyl donors and acceptors, respectively. Furthermore, the enzyme was predominantly expressed in the lung, in particular in alveolar type II cells. Thus, the enzyme might synthesize phosphatidylcholine in pulmonary surfactant and play a pivotal role in respiratory physiology.