gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of a microfluidic device for in situ ToF-SIMS analysis of selected organic molecules at aqueous surfaces (2013)

In this study, we report new results concerning the analytical performance of a novel portable vacuum compatible device enabling in situ study of aqueous surfaces using vacuum-based surface analysis tools. The surfaces of aqueous solutions of three representative organic molecules (formic acid, glycerol, and glutamic acid) were analyzed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Their molecular signals were successfully observed. The device can be operated without interruption in vacuum for up to 8 hours, and SIMS measurements are feasible at any time in this time range. The stability testing of our device under primary ion beam bombardment shows that high fluence (6 × 1012 ions per cm2 s−1) measurements can be operated continuously for up to 30 minutes without any significant damage to the aperture. However, extra-high fluence measurements (>1 × 1014 ions per cm2 s−1) may lead to rapid boiling in the aperture, and the aqueous solutions may spread out quickly. Device reproducibility is studied for both consecutive measurements over a short period of time (e.g., 5 min) and intermittent measurements over a long time (e.g., several hours). The relative standard deviation (RSD) for molecular ion signals was determined to be less than 15% for consecutive measurements in 5 min. As to total counts, the RSD is determined to be less than 1% for each chemical compound. Higher RSDs of ±40–50% were obtained for intermittent measurements in a few hours, both acceptable for semi-quantitative analysis. In addition, the detection limits of formic acid, glycerol, and glutamic acid are estimated to be 0.04%, 0.008%, and 0.002% (weight ratio), respectively.
Performance Study of Power Control Radio Resource Management Over WLANs (2008)

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) based on IEEE 802.11 standard have been rapidly growing. With limitations of the WLAN standard and rapid increase in wireless application demand, the air interface acts as bottleneck even in high-speed WLAN standards such as IEEE 802.11a and 802.11g with expected data transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps. To improve the overall performance of IEEE 802.11 WLAN under large deployment and heavy application demand environment, Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms based on power control have been investigated and tested through simulation. The results show that controlling the Wireless Terminal's (WT) transmitter power to an optimum power level helps in increasing data throughput in WLANs and when the transmitter power level of a WT is increased beyond the optimum power level, the overall data throughputs drop drastically no matter how high the WT's transmitter power may be increased.
Data-intensive analytics for predictive modeling (2003)

The Data Abstraction Research Group was formed in the early 1990s, to bring focus to the work of the Mathematical Sciences Department in the emerging area of knowledge discovery and data mining (KD & DM). Most activities in this group have been performed in the technical area of predictive modeling, roughly at the intersection of machine learning, statistical modeling, and database technology. There has been a major emphasis on using business and industrial problems to motivate the research agenda. Major accomplishments include advances in methods for feature analysis, rule-based pattern discovery, and probabilistic modeling, and novel solutions for insurance risk management, targeted marketing, and text mining. This paper presents an overview of the group's major technical accomplishments.
Alcohol Fixation of Induced Sputum Samples for Applications in Rural Communities (2010)

Alcohol fixation is a superior method for eosinophil quantification. It requires alteration of standardized methods for sputum sample processing and should be recommended for monitoring eosinophilic airway disease in settings where immediate processing of a sputum sample is not possible.
Convergent synthesis of monodisperse dendrimers based upon 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvergent synthesis of monodisperse dendrimers based upon 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenesTimothy M. Miller and Thomas X. NeenanCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 4, 346–349Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00010a006https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00010a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1117Altmetric-Citations219LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The variant Polycomb Repressor Complex 1 component PCGF1 interacts with a pluripotency sub-network that includes DPPA4, a regulator of embryogenesis (2015)

Abstract PCGF1 encodes one of six human Polycomb RING finger homologs that are linked to transcriptional repression and developmental gene regulation. Individual PCGF proteins define discrete Polycomb Repressor Complex 1 (PRC1) multi-protein complexes with diverse subunit composition whose functions are incompletely understood. PCGF1 is a component of a variant PRC1 complex that also contains the BCL6 co-repressor BCOR and the histone demethylase KDM2B. To further investigate the role of PCGF1, we mapped the physical interactions of the protein under endogenous conditions in a cell model of neuronal differentiation. Using stringent statistical cut-offs, 83 highly enriched interacting proteins were identified, including all previously reported members of the variant PRC1 complex containing PCGF1, as well as proteins linked to diverse cellular pathways such as chromatin and cell cycle regulation. Notably, a sub-network of proteins associated with the establishment and maintenance of pluripotency (NANOG, OCT4, PATZ1 and the developmental regulator DPPA4) were found to independently interact with PCGF1 in a subsequent round of physical interaction mapping experiments. Furthermore, knockdown of PCGF1 results in reduced expression of DPPA4 and other subunits of the variant PRC1 complex at both mRNA and protein levels. Thus, PCGF1 represents a physical and functional link between Polycomb function and pluripotency.
Piracetam--an old drug with novel properties? (2006)

Piracetam (2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine-acetamide), the most common of the nootropic drugs, is a cyclic derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid. The treatment with piracetam improves learning, memory, brain metabolism, and capacity. Piracetam has been shown to alter the physical properties of the plasma membrane by increasing its fluidity and by protecting the cell against hypoxia. It increases red cell deformability and normalizes aggregation of hyperactive platelets. Piracetam is an agent with antithrombotic, neuroprotective and rheological properties. The interaction of this molecule with the membrane phospholipids restores membrane fluidity and could explain the efficacy of piracetam in various disorders ranging from dementia and vertigo to myoclonus and stroke.
X-ray structure of clotting factor IXa: active site and module structure related to Xase activity and hemophilia B. (1995)

Hereditary deficiency of factor IXa (fIXa), a key enzyme in blood coagulation, causes hemophilia B, a severe X chromosome-linked bleeding disorder afflicting 1 in 30,000 males; clinical studies have identified nearly 500 deleterious variants. The x-ray structure of porcine fIXa described here shows the atomic origins of the disease, while the spatial distribution of mutation sites suggests a structural model for factor X activation by phospholipid-bound fIXa and cofactor VIIIa. The 3.0-A-resolution diffraction data clearly show the structures of the serine proteinase module and the two preceding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like modules; the N-terminal Gla module is partially disordered. The catalytic module, with covalent inhibitor D-Phe-1I-Pro-2I-Arg-3I chloromethyl ketone, most closely resembles fXa but differs significantly at several positions. Particularly noteworthy is the strained conformation of Glu-388, a residue strictly conserved in known fIXa sequences but conserved as Gly among other trypsin-like serine proteinases. Flexibility apparent in electron density together with modeling studies suggests that this may cause incomplete active site formation, even after zymogen, and hence the low catalytic activity of fIXa. The principal axes of the oblong EGF-like domains define an angle of 110 degrees, stabilized by a strictly conserved and fIX-specific interdomain salt bridge. The disorder of the Gla module, whose hydrophobic helix is apparent in electron density, can be attributed to the absence of calcium in the crystals; we have modeled the Gla module in its calcium form by using prothrombin fragment 1. The arched module arrangement agrees with fluorescence energy transfer experiments. Most hemophilic mutation sites of surface fIX residues occur on the concave surface of the bent molecule and suggest a plausible model for the membrane-bound ternary fIXa-FVIIIa-fX complex structure: fIXa and an equivalently arranged fX arch across an underlying fVIIIa subdomain from opposite sides; the stabilizing fVIIIa interactions force the catalytic modules together, completing fIXa active site formation and catalytic enhancement.
Astigmatism and spontaneous emission factor of laser diodes with parabolic gain (1983)

An explicit relation between the astigmatism and the spontaneous emission factor of gain guiding lasers has been derived with the assumption that the gain profile can be approximated to be a parabola or that the lowest order mode in the cavity is approximately Gaussian. The maximum value of the spontaneous emission factor is shown to be √2 if index guiding is dominant. Beyond K=√2, where gain guiding is dominant in this region, the astigmatism decreases with the spontaneous emission factor. It is also shown that the spontaneous emission factor of the gain guiding lasers does not much exceed ten and this conclusion has been confirmed experimentally for those whose stripe widths are larger than 4 μm.
Osteopontin as a means to cope with environmental insults: regulation of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cell survival (2001)

Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphorylated acidic glycoprotein that has been implicated in a number of physiological and pathological events, including maintenance or reconfiguration of tissue integrity during inflammatory processes. As such, it is required for stress-induced bone remodeling and certain types of cell-mediated immunity. It also acts in dystrophic calcification, coronary restenosis, and tumor cell metastasis. An RGD-containing protein, OPN exists both as an immobilized ECM molecule in mineralized tissues and as a cytokine in body fluids; it is not a significant part of typical nonmineralized ECM.
Fibroblastic polyp of the colon: clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases with emphasis on its common association with serrated crypts (2006)

FP is a distinctive type of benign mucosal colorectal polyp characterized by its distal location, small size, frequent association with hyperplastic polyps, distinct morphological appearance and typical immunonegativity for markers of specific differentiation. FP with serrated crypts (mixed fibroblastic/hyperplastic polyp) represents a frequent variant of this lesion. Pathologists should recognize FP and discriminate it from other types of colorectal polyps.
Sensitive Affimer and Antibody Based Impedimetric Label-Free Assays for C-Reactive Protein (2012)

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein whose levels are increased in many disorders. Levels greater than 3 μg/mL serum have hitherto been considered to indicate pathology, but there is increasing interest in assessments between 0.1 and 10 μg/mL, which have been found to correlate with severity of risk for cardiovascular disease. We report herein the generation of both antibody and Affimer based impedance immunoassays for CRP that are substantially more sensitive than clinically utilized immunonephelometry and immunoturbidity assessments. Significant in this study is not only the use of a constrained peptide to detect a clinically important target but also that derived electrochemical impedance assays can be highly sensitive even with probes whose relatively weak (μM) affinities are not amenable to target detection by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Key to this finding is acknowledging that receptive surfaces of comparatively low initial steric bulk and charge transfer resistance are especially primed to be highly responsive to target binding in electroanalytical assays of this type.
Glucose Metabolism in Cancer (2003)

A common signature of many cancers is a high glucose catabolic rate frequently dependent on the overexpression of Type II hexokinase (HKII), a mitochondrial bound enzyme that also suppresses cell death. As the tumor HKII promoter plays a significant role in HKII overexpression, studies reported here were undertaken to identify both the major regions and transcription factors involved under tumor-like conditions. Reporter gene assays following transfection of hepatoma cells with decreasing segments of the HKII promoter traced its known strength to the proximal region (-281 to -35). Mutational analyses showed that in this short region GC boxes 1, 2, 5, and 6, a CCAAT box, an inverted CCAAT box, and CRE are involved in promoter activation. Other studies demonstrated binding of transcription factors Sp1, Sp2, and Sp3 to GC boxes 1 and 6, Sp1 and Sp2 to GC boxes 2 and 5, NF-Y to CCAAT boxes, and CREB, ATF1, and CREM to CRE. In addition, transfection studies involving Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, CREB, and NFY (dominant negative form) provided evidence that these proteins are promoter activators. Finally, alignment of available HK proximal promoters showed strong conservation only among HKII sequences. These findings implicate signaling pathways directed to a short segment of the proximal region of the HKII promoter as major contributors to HKII overexpression in many cancers.
EFFECT OF MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION OR HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK ON INTESTINAL MUCOSAL PERMEABILITY AND ATP CONTENT IN RATS (1999)

In a reductionist in vitro system, intestinal epithelial permeability appears to be dependent on cellular ATP content. In order to extend these prior observations, we used rat models of mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock to test the hypothesis that intestinal barrier function is directly proportional to tissue ATP content. I/R was induced by clamping the mesenteric vessels for 60 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Normal, ischemic, and reperfused ileal segments were prepared from each rat (n = 12). Hemorrhagic shock was induced by bleeding rats (n = 9) to a mean arterial pressure of 30 mmHg and maintaining this pressure for 4 h by infusing Ringer's lactate solution as necessary. Ileal segments were harvested before induction of hemorrhage and at 1 h intervals thereafter. Everted gut sacs were prepared to measure the mucosal-to-serosal passage of fluorescein-conjugated dextran (FD4; M.W. = 4 kDa). Tissue ATP levels were determined using a luciferase assay. FD4 clearance rates were plotted as a function of tissue ATP content. Linear regression analyses showed a strong inverse relationship between intestinal permeability and tissue ATP level in rats subjected to I/R (r2 = 0.78; P < 0.001) or hemorrhage (r2 = 0.82; P < 0.001). These data support the idea that ATP content is a determinant of intestinal epithelial barrier function in vivo.
Effect of Polymorphic Forms of Bulk Powders on Pharmaceutical Properties of Carbamazepine Granules. (1999)

The effects of polymorphic forms of bulk powder on the pharmaceutical properties of carbamazepine (CBZ)granules were investigated by using X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement. A mixture consisting of 50% CBZ forms I, II, III or IV (dehydrate) as a bulk powder, 35% crystalline α-lactose monohydrate and 15% corn starch was used as a pharmaceutical powder, with binder aqueous solutions containing 5% hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC). After kneading with the binder solution, granules were obtained using an extruding granulator. After granulation forms I, II and III were 2.5, 80.3 and 35.2%transformed into dihydrate, respectively. Next, the wet granules were dried at 60°C for 24 h, and the transformed dihydrates were dehydrated into fine particles containing form III. The yield of granules obtained from forms I, II, III and IV was 73.8, 0.0, 0.0 and 76.3%, respectively. The lower granule yields of forms II and III appeared to be due to a lack of kneading water due to absorption of CBZ as crystalline water. Therefore, to the granules of forms II and III was added extra water (60 and 30 ml/kg) to the mixture, respectively, which improved yield markedly, (to 65.1 and 69.2%), indicating the decrease in granule yield was caused by the absorption of water on transformation of dihydrate. The specific surface area (Sw) results suggested that the granules obtained from form II bulk powder had the largest Sw, and those from form I the lowest. In the order of Sw and tablet hardness of the granules, the powders ranked form II>III>IV>I. This indicated that the mechanical strength of the tablet was proportional to the Sw of the particles. The dissolution profiles of the CBZ tablets were investigated in JP XIII, 1st fluid (ph 1.2, 37±0.5°C), and the time required for 50% dissolution (T50) was measured. In the order of T50 ranking was IV&le;I<III<II. These results suggested that the polymorphic transformation during the granulation and drying processes induced a change in pharmaceutical properties.
Pivotal role of the B7:CD28 pathway in transplantation tolerance and tumor immunity (1994)

Abstract The above story illustrates the translation of basic scientific discoveries to the clinic. In vitro and preclinical in vivo experimentation suggests that modulation of the B7:CD28 pathway will result in either amplification or suppression of the immune response. Considering the frequency with which diseases characterized by either inadequate or dysregulated immune function present to the practicing hematologist or oncologist, it is not difficult to envisage clinical applications for reagents that modulate this pathway. However, we still have much to learn about the function and clinical potential of this and other potentially redundant costimulatory pathways and therefore we suspect that this story will become considerably more complex over the next few years.
Cyclophilin D deficiency prevents diet-induced obesity in mice (2011)

Mitochondrial coupling efficiency is pivotal in thermogenesis and energy homeostasis. Here we show that deletion of cyclophilin D (CypD), a key modulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, demonstrated resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO) in both male and female mice, due to increased basal metabolic rate, heat production, total energy expenditure and expenditure of fat energy, despite increased food consumption. Absorption of fatty acids is not altered between CypD(-/-) and wild-type mice. Adult CypD(-/-) developed hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance albeit resistant to DIO. These data demonstrate that inhibition of CypD function could protect from HFD-IO by increasing energy expenditure in both male and female mice. Inhibition of CypD may offer a novel target to modulate metabolism.
Assessment of the effects of dexmedetomidine on outcomes of traumatic brain injury using propensity score analysis (2022)

Dexmedetomidine may improve the survival of TBI patients. It should be used with careful avoidance of hypotension.
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Carbon Nanotube-Based Switches (2004)

In this paper, we report on molecular dynamics (MD), continuum (based on linear and nonlinear beam theories) and combined molecular dynamics/continuum simulation of carbon nanotube based nanoelectromechanical switches. As a prototype device, we study the pull-in voltage characteristics of a nanoelectromechanical switch made of a suspended single wall nanotube over a ground plane. The various simulations (MD, continuum and combined MD/continuum) have been performed accounting for the electrostatic and van der Waals forces between the nanotube and the ground plane. The results from the nonlinear continuum theory compared well with the results from MD, except, for cases, where nanotube buckling was observed. When buckling occurs, the electromechanical behavior of the switch is simulated by employing a combined MD/continuum approach. The combined MD/continuum approach is computationally more efficient compared to the MD simulation of the entire device. Static and dynamic pull-in, pull-in time and fundamental frequency analysis is presented for fixed-fixed and cantilever carbon nanotube switches.
Sol−Gel Synthesis of Hybrid Organic−Inorganic Materials. Hexylene- and Phenylene-Bridged Polysiloxanes (1996)

New highly cross-linked polysiloxanes were prepared by sol−gel polymerization of 1,6-bis(diethoxymethylsilyl)hexane (1) and 1,4-bis(diethoxymethylsilyl)benzene (2). Hydrolysis and condensation of 1 and 2 under acidic and basic conditions with 4 equiv of water led to the rapid formation of hexylene- and phenylene-bridged polysiloxane gels. The dry gels (xerogels) were intractable, insoluble materials that were noticeably hydrophobic, exhibiting no swelling in organic solvents or water. Most of the xerogels were high surface area, mesoporous materials. Hexylene-bridged polysiloxanes prepared under acidic conditions were always nonporous regardless of whether they were processed to afford xerogels or supercritically dried as aerogels. Hexylene-bridged polysiloxanes prepared under basic conditions and all of the phenylene-bridged polysiloxanes were mesoporous with surface areas as high as 1025 m2/g.
Ontologies for enterprise knowledge management (2003)

Several challenges exist related to applying ontologies in real-world environments. The authors present an integrated enterprise-knowledge management architecture, focusing on how to support multiple ontologies and manage ontology evolution.
Bandgap tuning of visible laser material (1998)

A reliable impurity free technique for quantum well intermixing is reported in the GaInP-AlGaInP material system, which has enabled bandgap shifts up to 91 meV to be achieved in standard laser structures. Oxide stripe lasers fabricated from the intermixed material had an emission wavelength of 646 nm compared to a wavelength of 676 nm for as-grown material.