gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Splanchnic Circulation Is a Critical Neural Target in Angiotensin II Salt Hypertension in Rats (2007)

Chronic angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion, in rats fed high salt, engages the sympathetic nervous system to increase venomotor tone. The splanchnic sympathetic nervous system is the most important regulator of venous tone, indicating that splanchnic sympathetic nervous system activity may be increased in Ang II salt hypertension. We hypothesized that celiac ganglionectomy (CGx), to selectively disrupt sympathetic innervation to the splanchnic circulation, would attenuate arterial pressure (AP), and venous tone increases in Ang II salt hypertension. Rats fed 2% or 0.4% NaCl were instrumented to allow AP measurement by radiotelemetry at the same time as surgical CGx or sham operation. Ang II was delivered by minipump (150 ng/kg per minute) for 14 days. CGx reduced AP independent of salt diet during control. CGx markedly attenuated Ang II hypertension in rats on 2% NaCl but had little effect in rats fed 0.4% NaCl. To test the possibility that CGx exerted its effects via renal denervation, rats were subjected to the same protocol but received selective bilateral renal denervation. Renal denervation decreased AP during control but had no protective effect on Ang II hypertension and actually tended to exacerbate the pressor response. Finally, separate groups of rats underwent CGx or sham operation and were instrumented to allow repeated measures of mean circulatory filling pressure, an index of venous tone. In addition to attenuating Ang II salt hypertension, CGx completely prevented Ang II salt-induced increases in mean circulatory filling pressure and substantially attenuated depressor responses to acute ganglion blockade. We conclude that, in the presence of high salt, Ang II activates the splanchnic sympathetic nervous system to increase venomotor tone and AP.
Investigation of Fatty Acid Monolayers on Metals by Contact Potential Measurements1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of Fatty Acid Monolayers on Metals by Contact Potential Measurements1C. O. Timmons and W. A. ZismanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 3, 984–990Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100887a050https://doi.org/10.1021/j100887a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Efficient culture of Chlamydia pneumoniae with cell lines derived from the human respiratory tract (1992)

Two established cell lines, H 292 and HEp-2, originating from the human respiratory tract, were found to be significantly more efficient and practical than the currently used HeLa 229 cells for growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae. Six strains of C. pneumoniae recently isolated from patients with respiratory ailments were used as test cultures. The H 292 and HEp-2 cells yielded much higher inclusion counts for all the test strains than did HeLa 229 cells. When they were compared with each other, H 292 cells yielded more inclusions than did HEp-2 cells, and the differences were statistically significant in 10 of 18 test sets. A simple system with these two cell lines appeared to be very efficient for culturing C. pneumoniae. It does not require treatment of tissue cells with DEAE-dextran before infection, and it may eliminate the need for serial subpassages of specimens to increase culture sensitivity. Monolayers of these cells remained intact and viable in the Chlamydia growth medium so that reinfection could take place, resulting in greatly increased inclusion counts for specimens containing few infectious units. This system may make it more practical for laboratories to culture for C. pneumoniae for treatment of infections and outbreak intervention and will facilitate studies on this recently recognized pathogen.
Natural History of Snakes (1965)

natural history of Snakes , natural history of Snakes , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Ultraviolet stabilizers of the 2-(hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole class: influence of substituents on structure and spectra (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltraviolet stabilizers of the 2-(hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole class: influence of substituents on structure and spectraJochen Rieker, Elke Lemmert-Schmitt, Gernot Goeller, Manfred Roessler, Guido J. Stueber, Heike Schettler, Horst E. A. Kramer, John J. Stezowski, Helga Hoier, and Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 25, 10225–10234Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100204a025https://doi.org/10.1021/j100204a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views595Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Monoclonal antibody-defined functional epitopes on the adhesion- promoting glycoprotein complex (CDw18) of human neutrophils (1986)

We have evaluated the functional and immunochemical activities of three monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) minimally reactive with adherence- defective neutrophils (PMN) from a patient with recurrent bacterial infections. In studies with normal PMN, MoAbs OKM1 and 60.1 both precipitate the same 165kd alpha-subunit (alpha M) within an alpha-beta heterodimer complex (CD11). The CD11 complex is part of a larger complex composed of four glycoproteins (CDw18) precipitated by MoAb 60.3, with properties suggesting that the CDw18 complex is equivalent to the Mac-1, LFA-1, p150, 95 glycoprotein family implicated in adherence-dependent leukocyte functions. PMN adherence to endothelium, spreading on surfaces, aggregation, and phagocytosis of zymosan particles were all inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by MoAb 60.1 (analogous to previous studies with MoAb 60.3) while MoAb OKM1 had no effect. These findings unify previously disparate observations and suggest that a functionally active site on the adherence promoting glycoprotein complexes CD11 and CDw18 is distant from the alpha M epitope recognized by MoAb OKM1 but closely associated with the alpha M epitope recognized by MoAb 60.1 and the beta-epitope (or epitope created by alpha-beta quaternary structure) recognized by MoAb 60.3.
Limitations of Clincal Criteria for the Diagnosis of Vascular Dementia in Clinical Trials: Is a Focus on Subcortical Vascular Dementia a Solution? (2000)

Vascular dementia (VaD) includes several different vascular mechanisms and changes in the brain, and has different causes and clinical manifestations. Critical to its conceptualization and diagnosis are definitions of the cognitive syndrome, vascular etiologies, and changes in the brain. Variation in these has resulted in different definitions of VaD, estimates of prevalence, and types and distribution of brain lesions. This definitional heterogeneity may have been a factor for negative results in prior clinical trials on VaD. We propose that the division of VaD into subtypes can identify a more homogeneous group of patients for drug trials. A so-called "subcortical" VaD could incorporate two old clinical entities "Binswanger's disease" and "the lacunar state." Small vessel disease is the primary vascular etiology, lacunar infarcts and ischemic white matter lesions are the primary type of brain lesions, the subcortical areas and frontal connections are the primary location of lesions, and a subcortical syndrome as the primary clinical manifestation. The clinical syndromes are likely more variable, and urgently need to be categorized. Selection of these patients for clinical trials could mainly be based on brain imaging features, where the essential changes and the main aspects of the lesions include extensive ischemic white matter lesions and lacunar infarcts in the deep gray and white matter structures. Subcortical VaD is expected to show a more predictable clinical picture, natural history, outcomes, and treatment responses.
Cultured Bovine Bone Cells Synthesize Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Store It in Their Extracellular Matrix (1989)

Bone contains various growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF). The cellular origins of the growth factors found in bone are not known. We examined whether cultured fetal bovine bone cells synthesize FGF. These cells express characteristic markers of the osteoblast phenotype, including expression of bone Gla protein (osteocalcin) and mineralization. Heparin-Sepharose fractionation of cell extracts revealed that bone cells contained a basic FGF (bFGF)-like molecule, that displayed high affinity for heparin. The growth factor was mitogenic for adrenal cortex-derived endothelial cells and osteoblast-like bone cells. The major peak of biological activity corresponded to a peak of immunoreactive bFGF. When analyzed by Western blot, the active fractions contained a bFGF-like immunoreactive species with a mol wt of 15,000, a mass identical to that of (des-1-15)bFGF. Based on RIA, the bone cell extract contained an estimated 95 ng bFGF/mg cell protein. An acidic FGF-like molecule with lower affinity for heparin was also present in the purified bone cell extracts, although at an approximately 10-fold lower concentration than bFGF. These results demonstrate that bone cells synthesize a mitogen indistinguishable from bFGF. In addition, Northern analysis revealed that the bone cells expressed 3.5- and 7.0-kilobase bFGF gene transcripts. We next examined whether the bone cell-derived bFGF is stored in a bioactive form in the extracellular matrix. Bone cells synthesized an extracellular matrix which was mitogenic for adrenal cortex-derived endothelial cells. However, if the bone cell extracellular matrix was preincubated with neutralizing anti-bFGF antibodies, its mitogenic properties were abolished. This suggests that bone cell-derived bFGF may function as an autocrine or paracrine mitogen via its deposition into the extracellular matrix of bone.
Staphylococcus aureus Alpha Toxin Suppresses Effective Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in a Murine Dermonecrosis Model (2013)

An optimal host response against Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) is dependent on IL-1β and IL-17 mediated abscess formation. Alpha toxin (AT), an essential virulence factor for SSTI, has been reported to damage tissue integrity; however its effect on the immune response has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that infection with USA300 AT isogenic mutant (Δhla), or passive immunization with an AT neutralizing mAb, 2A3, 24 h prior to infection with wild type USA300 (WT), resulted in dermonecrotic lesion size reduction, and robust neutrophil infiltration. Infiltration correlates with increase in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as enhanced bacterial clearance relative to immunization with a negative control mAb. In addition, infection with Δhla, or with WT +2A3, resulted in an early influx of innate IL-17(+)γδT cells and a more rapid induction of an adaptive immune response as measured by Th1 and Th17 cell recruitment at the site of infection. These results are the first direct evidence of a role for AT in subverting the innate and adaptive immune responses during a S. aureus SSTI. Further, these effects of AT can be overcome with a high affinity anti-AT mAb resulting in a reduction in disease severity.
Identification of nucleolin as a new L-selectin ligand (2001)

Apart from leucocyte–endothelial interactions, the adhesion molecule L-selectin mediates the homotypic adhesion of leucocytes during recruitment at sites of acute inflammation, as well as intercellular adhesion of haematopoietic progenitor cells during haematopoiesis. There is evidence that, in addition to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, other as-yet-unidentified proteins function as L-selectin ligands on human leucocytes and haematopoietic progenitor cells. In the present study, we show: (i) by affinity chromatography on L-selectin–agarose; (ii) by protein identification using MS; and (iii) by covalent cell-surface labelling with sulphosuccinimidyl-2-(biotinamido)ethyl-1,3-dithiopropionate that the multifunctional nuclear protein nucleolin is partly exposed on the cell surface, and is a ligand of L-selectin in human leucocytes and haematopoietic progenitor cells.
Glycation Products as Markers and Predictors of the Progression of Diabetic Complications (2005)

The structure of a growing number of glycation and advanced glycation end products has been elucidated. Measuring these products can be used to assess cumulative glycemic and glycoxidative damage in diabetes and other chronic conditions. The predictive power of a given glycation product can be tested in large prospective studies that evaluate the risk of developing diabetic micro- and macrovascular disease over years following the quantitative determination of that marker. This article provides a comprehensive review of the field, comparing the merits of each marker, whether in skin, serum, or other tissue. Several conclusions are drawn, one of which identifies skin glycation products as powerful predictors of the risk of developing diabetic complications.
Increased Intensity Lymphodepletion Enhances Tumor Treatment Efficacy of Adoptively Transferred Tumor-specific T Cells (2009)

Lymphodepletion before adoptive cell transfer (ACT)-based immunotherapies can enhance anti-tumor responses by augmenting innate immunity, by increasing access to homeostatic cytokines, and by depressing the numbers of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Although it is clear that high-dose total body irradiation given together with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation effectively enhances ACT, the relationship between the intensity of lymphodepletion and tumor treatment efficacy has not been systematically studied. Using the pmel-1 mouse model of self/tumor-reactive CD8 T cells, we observed a strong correlation between the intensity of the conditioning regimen and the efficacy of ACT-based treatments using linear regression analysis. This was the case for preparative total body irradiation administered either as a single dose (R=0.97, P<0.001) or in fractionated doses (R=0.94, P<0.001). Increased amounts of preparative total body irradiation were directly correlated with progressively more favorable ratios of transferred tumor-reactive CD8 T cells toward endogenous cells with the potential for inhibitory activity including: CD4 cells (potentially T regulatory cells); Gr1 cells (which are capable of functioning as myeloid-derived suppressor cells); and endogenous CD8 and natural killer 1.1 cells (that can act as "sinks" for homeostatic cytokines in the postablative setting). With increasing ablation, we also observed elevated lipopolysaccharide levels in the sera and heightened levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines. Thus, increased intensity lymphodepletion triggers enhanced tumor treatment efficacy and the benefits of high-dose total body irradiation must be titrated against its risks.
Alterations of a Zinc Finger-Encoding Gene, BCL-6 , in Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (1993)

The molecular pathogenesis of diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL), the most frequent and clinically relevant type of lymphoma, is unknown. A gene was cloned from chromosomal translocations affecting band 3q27, which are common in DLCL. This gene, BCL-6, codes for a 79-kilodalton protein that is homologous with zinc finger-transcription factors. In 33 percent (13 of 39) of DLCL samples, but not in other types of lymphoid malignancies, the BCL-6 gene is truncated within its 5' noncoding sequences, suggesting that its expression is deregulated. Thus, BCL-6 may be a proto-oncogene specifically involved in the pathogenesis of DLCL.
Data Fusion Technique for Multibeam Echosoundings (2002)

On the basis of an analysis of the error sources in multibeam echosounding system,a data processing method for compensating systematic errors in multibeam survey is proposed.In order to improve the accuracy of overall swath,a data fusion technique using single beam survey data as control information for single beam and multibeam echosounding is then presented.Some questions involved in solving the adjustment problem,such as its feasibility and the numerical stability,are discussed in detail,and a two-step adjustment method is suggested.Finally,a practical survey data set is used as a case study to prove the efficiency and reliability of the proposed methods.
Surface-induced dissociation of peptide ions in Fourier-transform mass spectrometry (1990)

Peptide molecular ion species up to m/z 3055 introduced into a Fourier-transform mass spectrometer can be made to undergo extensive fragmentation by electrically floating the ion cell. The proportion of ions dissociated increases with increasing voltage, with 48 eV producing the highest absolute abundance of fragment ions above m/z 200. At this energy, spectra closely resemble those from photodissociation at 193 nm, indicating an internal energy deposition of 6-7 eV; change of product abundances with kinetic energy resembles a conventional breakdown curve. The precursor ions apparently are electrostatically attracted to strike screen wires across the ion cell entrance, producing daughter ions of low kinetic energy.
Interaction of adriamycin in vitro with cardiac myofibrillar proteins. (1982)

Binding of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin [Adriamycin (ADR)] to selected cardiac muscle contractile proteins was determined in purified canine heart actin and alpha-actinin. Adriamycin binding to these proteins in solution was measured by equilibrium dialysis and gel filtration with [14C]-labeled ADR. Adriamycin did not bind when its primary amino group was blocked. Adriamycin binding did not affect actin polymerization as detected by viscometry. Viewed under the electron microscope, however, ADR promoted formation of distinct actin filaments in the presence of microM amounts of ATP without K+ and MG++. Adriamycin-induced actin microfilaments were thicker (120 A) than those of F-actin controls (70 A) and stimulated myosin-ATPase to higher levels than the F-actin controls. It appears that ADR has a direct effect on the biophysical and biochemical properties of heart myofibril proteins in vitro.
Cellular immune responses against hepatitis C virus: the evidence base 2002 (2002)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus which is estimated to persistently infect about 170 million people worldwide. After acute infection, there is an initial period during which long-term outcome is decided. There is strong evidence that the cellular immune responses, involving both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, are involved at this stage and it is their effectiveness which determines outcome. What is not understood is what determines their effectiveness. The most important component of this is likely to be some aspect of epitope selection, itself dictated by host MHC. Thus, to understand host immunity to HCV, we need to have a detailed understanding of the peptides involved in T lymphocyte responses. In this review, we discuss the peptide epitopes that have been identified so far, and their potential significance. We relate this to a scheme of host defence which may be useful for understanding natural and vaccine-induced immunity.
A nuclear yeast gene (GCY) encodes a polypeptide with high homology to a vertebrate eye lens protein (1988)

We describe here the nuclear gene for a yeast protein showing unexpectedly high homology with mammalian aldo/keto reductases as well as with p-crystallin, one of the prominent proteins of the frog eye lens. Although it could be proven that the gene occurs as a single copy in the haploid yeast genome, replacement of the intact by a disrupted, nonfunctional allele led to no obvious phenotype, indicating that the gene is dispensable. The gene was assigned to chromosome XV. It is transcribed in vivo into an mRNA of about 1300 bases with a coding capacity for a protein of 312 amino acids (estimated Mr 35,000).
A Chiral Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent for Enantioselective Dearomatization of Phenols (2008)

The hype about iodine(III): A chiral hypervalent iodine(III) reagent (1) is reported to enantioselectively dearomatize phenols in a highly selective manner (see scheme). This result clearly supports existence of the associative pathway in hypervalent iodine(III)-induced phenolic oxidations. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z800464_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Chemical Constituents ofIsatis indigotica (1997)

From the roots of Isatis indigotica, ten compounds (1-10) were isolated. Compound 1 is a new alkaloid whose structure was elucidated as (E)-3-(3',5'-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxy-benzylidene)-2-indolinone. Compounds 2-4 were discovered for the first time from a natural source and compounds 5-7 were originally isolated from this species. In a preliminary study, compounds 4-8 showed antiendotoxic activities in vitro.