gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Solid Supports for Slide- and Well-Based Recombinant Antibody Microarrays (2016)

Antibody microarrays have emerged as an important tool within proteomics, enabling multiplexed protein expression profiling in both health and disease. The design and performance of antibody microarrays and how they are processed are dependent on several factors, of which the interplay between the antibodies and the solid surfaces plays a central role. In this study, we have taken on the first comprehensive view and evaluated the overall impact of solid surfaces on the recombinant antibody microarray design. The results clearly demonstrated the importance of the surface-antibody interaction and showed the effect of the solid supports on the printing process, the array format of planar arrays (slide- and well-based), the assay performance (spot features, reproducibility, specificity and sensitivity) and assay processing (degree of automation). In the end, two high-end recombinant antibody microarray technology platforms were designed, based on slide-based (black polymer) and well-based (clear polymer) arrays, paving the way for future large-scale protein expression profiling efforts.
Antifertility and biocidal activities of organometallics of silicon, germanium, titanium and zirconium derived from 2‐acetylthiophene thiosemicarbazone (1993)

Abstract A comparative biochemical study of four Group IV element compounds with specific sulphur‐containing organic substrates has been carried out and discussed. The structural characterizations of these organometallics, viz. Me 2 SiLCl, Me 2 SiL 2 , Me 3 SiL, Ph 2 SiLCl, Ph 2 SiL 2 , Ph 3 SiL, Ph 3 GeL, Cp 2 TiLCl, Cp 2 TiL 2 , Cp 2 ZrLCl and Cp 2 ZrL 2 (where LH2‐acetylthiophene thiosemicarbazone) had been deduced on the basis of various physico‐chemical and instrumental techniques, viz., IR, UV, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR AND 29 SI NMR spectral studies. All the organometallics and the parent thiomine have been screened against a number of microbes and their sterilizing power in male mice tested. The results of these biocidal studies show that the organosilicon(IV) and organogermanium(IV) compounds are more active than the organotitanium(IV) and organozirconium(IV) derivatives. An attempt has also been made to correlate the structural aspects of the molecule with its biological activity.
Differences in somatic perception in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome with and without fibromyalgia (2000)

Both hypervigilance and somatic hypoalgesia contribute to the altered somatic perception in IBS patients. Co-morbidity with FM results in somatic hyperalgesia in IBS patients.
Randomized Trial of Tocilizumab in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (2012)

Tocilizumab was efficacious in severe, persistent systemic JIA. Adverse events were common and included infection, neutropenia, and increased aminotransferase levels. (Funded by Hoffmann-La Roche; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00642460.).
An experimental survey of metal artefact reduction in computed tomography (2013)

We present a survey of techniques for the reduction of streaking artefacts caused by metallic objects in X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) images. A comprehensive review of the existing state-of-the-art Metal Artefact Reduction (MAR) techniques, drawn predominantly from the medical CT literature, is supported by an experimental comparison of twelve MAR techniques. The experimentation is grounded in an evaluation based on a standard scientific comparison protocol for MAR methods, using a software generated medical phantom image as well as a clinical CT scan. The experimentation is extended by considering novel applications of CT imagery consisting of metal objects in non-tissue surroundings acquired from the aviation security screening domain. We address the shortage of thorough performance analyses in the existing MAR literature by conducting a qualitative as well as quantitative comparative evaluation of the selected techniques. We find that the difficulty in generating accurate priors to be the predominant factor limiting the effectiveness of the state-of-the-art medical MAR techniques when applied to non-medical CT imagery. This study thus extends previous works by: comparing several state-of-the-art MAR techniques; considering both medical and non-medical applications and performing a thorough performance analysis, considering both image quality as well as computational demands.
DNA Cross-Linking Agents as Antitumor Drugs (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDNA Cross-Linking Agents as Antitumor DrugsScott R. Rajski and Robert M. WilliamsView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 8, 2723–2796Publication Date (Web):November 4, 1998Publication History Received5 May 1998Revised1 September 1998Published online4 November 1998Published inissue 17 December 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9800199Copyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views5158Altmetric-Citations506LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Alcohols,Genetics,Nucleic acid structure,Post-translational modification,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Chronic inhibition of superoxide dismutase produces apoptotic death of spinal neurons. (1994)

Mutations in the gene for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been detected in some families with an autosomal dominant form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; these mutations appear to reduce the activity of this enzyme. To determine whether decreased SOD activity could contribute to motor neuron loss, SOD1 was inhibited chronically with either antisense oligodeoxynucleotides or diethyldithiocarbamate in spinal cord organotypic cultures. Chronic inhibition of SOD resulted in the apoptotic degeneration of spinal neurons, including motor neurons, over several weeks. Motor neuron loss was markedly potentiated by the inhibition of glutamate transport. In this paradigm, motor neuron toxicity could be entirely prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and, to a lesser extent, by the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist 1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine hydrochloride. These data support the hypothesis that the loss of motor neurons in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis could be due to a reduction in SOD1 activity, possibly potentiated by inefficient glutamate transport.
Stimulation by Proinsulin of Expression of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-I in Endothelial Cells (1992)

In patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, concentrations in plasma of insulin and its precursors, proinsulin and split proinsulin, are increased. Because increased concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) occur also, we hypothesized that proinsulin and split proinsulin may augment endothelial cell PAI-1 expression, thereby potentially attenuating endogenous fibrinolysis and accelerating atherosclerosis. Proinsulin increased PAI-1 activity in conditioned media of endothelial cells as did split proinsulin, paralleled by increased expression of PAI-1 mRNA. These effects of proinsulin were not dependent on its conversion to insulin nor on its interactions with the insulin receptor. The proinsulin stimulation of PAI-1 expression was not attenuated by either anti-insulin receptor antibodies or a 100-fold excess of insulin. Furthermore, proinsulin-mediated increases in PAI-1 expression were not inhibited by a 500-fold excess of insulinlike growth factor I. In addition, inhibition of tyrosine kinase, which mediates many of the diverse effects of insulin and insulinlike growth factor I, did not attenuate the effect of proinsulin. These results indicate that proinsulin augments PAI-1 expression, potentially contributing to vasculopathy in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Optical see-through Maxwellian near-to-eye display with an enlarged eyebox (2018)

We propose a Maxwellian near-to-eye display implemented using a multiplexed holographic optical element. Maxwellian configuration removes the focal cue of the displayed virtual image completely, presenting an always-focused image to the observer regardless of the focal length of the eye. The transparent property of the holographic optical element enables the optical see-through feature, making the proposed near-to-eye display suitable for augmented reality applications. The multiplexing of multiple concave mirrors into a single holographic optical element enlarges the effective eyebox, relaxing the limitation of the conventional Maxwellian displays. Optical experiment confirms that the proposed display can present always-focused images on top of the real environment with 9.2°(H)×5.2°(V) field of view, and 9 mm (H)×3 mm (V) eyebox.
Comparison between subjective and actigraphic measurement of sleep and sleep rhythms (1999)

Sleep is often assessed in circadian rhythm studies and long-term monitoring is required to detect any changes in sleep over time. The present study aims to investigate the ability of the two most commonly employed methods, actigraphy and sleep logs, to identify circadian sleep/wake disorders and measure changes in sleep patterns over time. In addition, the study assesses whether sleep measured by both methods shows the same relationship with an established circadian phase marker, urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin. A total of 49 registered blind subjects with different types of circadian rhythms were studied daily for at least four weeks. Grouped analysis of all study days for all subjects was performed for all sleep parameters (1062-1150 days data per sleep parameter). Good correlations were observed when comparing the measurement of sleep timing and duration (sleep onset, sleep offset, night sleep duration, day-time nap duration). However, the methods were poorly correlated in their assessment of transitions between sleep and wake states (sleep latency, number and duration of night awakenings, number of day-time naps). There were also large and inconsistent differences in the measurement of the absolute sleep parameters. Overall, actigraphs recorded a shorter sleep latency, advanced onset time, increased number and duration of night awakenings, delayed offset, increased night sleep duration and increased number and duration of naps compared with the subjective sleep logs. Despite this, there was good agreement between the methods for measuring changes in sleep patterns over time. In particular, the methods agreed when assessing changes in sleep in relation to a circadian phase marker (the 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) rhythm) in both entrained (n = 30) and free-running (n = 4) subjects.
Ligand-Accelerated Catalysis of the Ullmann Condensation:  Application to Hole Conducting Triarylamines (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTLigand-Accelerated Catalysis of the Ullmann Condensation: Application to Hole Conducting TriarylaminesH. Bruce Goodbrand and Nan-Xing HuView Author Information Xerox Research Centre of Canada, 2660 Speakman Drive, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5K 2L1 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 2, 670–674Publication Date (Web):December 31, 1998Publication History Received4 September 1998Published online31 December 1998Published inissue 1 January 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo981804ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo981804obrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7035Altmetric-Citations373LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Catalysis,Catalysts,Condensation,Ligands Get e-Alerts
p63, Sharp1, and HIFs: Master Regulators of Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2013)

Metastasis is the most significant cause of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality but remains poorly understood. Recent work revealed that metastasis of aggressive triple-negative breast cancers is suppressed by Sharp1, a factor that promotes degradation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) and blunts HIF-induced malignant cell behavior.
MRTP: Mobile Ray Tracing Processor With Reconfigurable Stream Multi-Processors for High Datapath Utilization (2011)

This paper presents a mobile ray tracing processor (MRTP) with reconfigurable stream multi-processors (RSMPs) for high datapath utilization. The MRTP includes three RSMPs that operate in multiple instruction multiple data (MIMD) mode asynchronously to exploit instruction-level parallelism. Each RSMP is based on single instruction multiple thread (SIMT) architecture to exploit thread-level parallelism. An RSMP consists of twelve scalar processing elements (SPEs) that run multiple threads in parallel synchronously: twelve scalar threads or four vector threads depending on an operating mode. A low datapath utilization caused by a branch divergence in SIMT architecture is improved by 19.9% on average by reconfiguring twelve SPEs between scalar SIMT and vector SIMT with 0.1% area overheads. Special function instructions occupy only 2% ~ 8% of kernel instructions so that a partial special function unit (PSFU) is implemented instead of a large dedicated SFU. The access conflicts with a look-up table (LUT) caused by concurrent accesses of twelve SPEs are reduced by a table loader (TBLD). The TBLD monitors concurrent requests from twelve SPEs and reduces an access count to LUT by distributing a coefficient to multiple SPEs with only one read-access to LUT. MRTP with area of 4 × 4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> has been fabricated in 0.13 μm CMOS technology. MRTP achieves a peak performance of 673 K rays per second while consuming 156 mW at 100 MHz with V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> = 1.2 V .
In Search of Acyclic Analogues as Universal Nucleosides in Degenerate Probes (1995)

Abstract Five acyclic nucleoside analogues with unnatural base moieties have been synthesized of which three successfully were incorporated into oligonucleotides. The acyclic analogue containing the base 5-nitroindazole was the least discriminating and should be further pursued for use as a universal nucleoside analogue.
Functional Cooperation between Interleukin-17 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Is Mediated by CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein Family Members (2004)

Interleukin (IL)-17 is a recently described cytokine involved in the amplification of inflammatory responses and pathologies. A hallmark feature of IL-17 is its ability to induce expression of other cytokines and chemokines. In addition, IL-17 potently synergizes with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) to up-regulate expression of many target genes, particularly IL-6. Despite the many observations of IL-17 signaling synergy observed to date, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon. In the osteoblastic cell line MC-3T3, we have found that IL-17 and TNFalpha exhibit potent synergy in mediating IL-6 secretion. Here, we show that at least part of the functional cooperation between IL-17 and TNFalpha occurs at the level of IL-6 gene transcription. Both the NF-kappaB and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP; NF-IL6) sites in the IL-6 promoter are important for cooperative gene expression, but NF-kappaB does not appear to be the direct target of the combined signal. Microarray analysis using the Affymetrix mouse MG-U74v2 chip identified C/EBPdelta as another gene target of combined IL-17- and TNFalpha-induced signaling. Because C/EBP family members are known to control IL-6, we examined whether enhanced C/EBPdelta expression is involved in the cooperative up-regulation of IL-6 by IL-17 and TNFalpha. Accordingly, we show that C/EBPdelta (or the related transcription factor C/EBPbeta) is essential for expression of IL-6. Moreover, overexpression of C/EBPdelta (and, to a lesser extent, C/EBPbeta) could substitute for the IL-17 signal at the level of IL-6 transcription. Thus, C/EBP family members, particularly C/EBPdelta, appear to be important for the functional cooperation between IL-17 and TNFalpha.
Dermal Peptide Delivery Using Colloidal Carrier Systems (2007)

The advancement in synthetic and molecular biology techniques over the past years has resulted in the application of peptides or peptide-like drugs becoming a growing field in therapeutics. Because of the unfavorable chemical properties of peptides, it poses a challenge to find an optimized way of drug administration. The transdermal route has attracted interest as a promising way to advance the delivery of these drugs. The objective of this review is to summarize the level of research of microemulsions as colloidal carrier for dermal peptide drug delivery. The presented studies resulted in enhanced drug delivery or superior penetration profiles of peptides incorporated in microemulsions in comparison to conventional vehicles. Due to their benefits like high solubilization capacity, enhanced drug delivery, noninvasive administration or easy preparation, microemulsions offer a suitable vehicle for dermal and transdermal drug delivery.
Sorbent/Ash Reactivation for Enhanced SO2 Capture Using a Novel Carbonation Technique (1999)

A novel process has been developed for reactivation of partially utilized calcium-based sorbents for increased SO2 removal and sorbent utilization from coal-fired boilers/combustors. Spent sorbent and combustor ash samples are treated under specific conditions to modify their internal structure and expose the under-utilized calcium for further SO2 capture. The reactivated sorbent shows a significant improvement in utilization, increasing from less than 45% to nearly 100%. Application of this novel reactivation process to ash samples obtained from a circulating fluidized-bed combustor also shows a marked improvement in utilization of available calcium, nearly doubling the amount of sulfur captured. The reactivation process involves carbonation of the unsulfated calcium. Better redistribution and exposure of the available calcium by the carbonation reactivation process, as compared to reactivation via hydration, is proposed as the main factor in increasing the sorbent utilization. The increased ultimate sorbent utilization obtained by this reactivation process could significantly improve the sorbent-based flue gas desulfurization technology.
ERK1/2 Regulates Epidermal Chemokine Expression and Skin Inflammation (2005)

Resident cell populations of the skin contribute to the inflammatory response by producing an array of chemokines, which attract leukocytes from the circulation. TNF-alpha is a major inducer of proinflammatory mediators in keratinocytes. We have recently observed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling affects TNF-alpha-driven chemokine expression in epidermal keratinocytes, and its functional impairment increases the levels of crucial chemoattractants such as CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/RANTES, and CXCL10/IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10. In this study, we report evidence that EGFR-dependent ERK1/2 activity is implicated in this mechanism. Abrogation of ERK1/2 activity with specific inhibitors increased chemokine expression in keratinocytes by enhancing mRNA stabilization. In mouse models, inflammatory response to irritants and T cell-mediated contact hypersensitivity were both aggravated when elicited in a skin area previously treated with an EGFR or a MAPK kinase 1/2 inhibitor. In contrast, impairment of p38alpha beta MAPK phosphorylation markedly attenuated these responses. Our data indicate that EGFR-dependent ERK1/2 activity in keratinocytes takes part to a homeostatic mechanism regulating inflammatory responses, and emphasize the distinct role of MAPKs as potential targets for manipulating inflammation in the skin.
The Control of Waste Discharges from Vessels in NSW Waterways (1992)

A program is under way to control the discharge of wastes from vessels in New South Wales waterways where the need is demonstrated. This follows the implementation of the Government's policy to control vessel waste discharges in Sydney Harbour and parts of the Murray River. The Sydney Harbour program has involved: 1) Amendments to Regulations under the Maritime Services Act, 1935, requiring holding tanks to contain sewage and galley waste in harbour based commercial vessels and sewage in new recreational craft, and prohibiting the discharge of untreated sewage from all vessels in Sydney Harbour. 2) The design, construction, commissioning and trialling of a public vessel sewage pump out facility at Pyrmont. 3) Requiring private marinas to provide vessel waste receival facilities for their clients. 4) The planning for construction of additional public pump out facilities at private marinas, selected by tender. 5) Agreement on effluent standards consistent with Annex IV of the International Convention for Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78) for the discharge of treated waste waters from trading vessels. Under the state wide program, controls will be extended into other waterways according to a priority list prepared by a committee of government and user group representatives. Vessel waste discharge can be a greater problem in enclosed waters but there is a public demand for controls in many coastal estuaries. Some problems solved in policy development, engineering design, project management and achieving public acceptance are outlined. The likelihood of the success of the vessel waste control program is evaluated with reference to the U.S. experience. The provision of public pump out facilities in private marinas is viewed as an innovative example of private sector participation in government initiatives.