gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Glomerulonephritis in NZB/NZW Lupus Prone Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Ex Vivo Expanded Regulatory T Cells (2009)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause characterized by expansion of autoreactive lymphocytes. Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) are a component of the normal immune system and contribute to the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. T(reg) abnormalities have been associated with several autoimmune diseases and there is interest in the role of T(regs) in SLE. We previously demonstrated that transfer of expanded CD4(+)CD25(+)CD62L(HI) T(regs) slows the development of lupus in (NZBxNZW)F(1) (B/W) mice. However in the absence of T(reg) specific surface antigens, cell purification remains a compromise between the breadth and purity of the population isolated. Importantly, purified populations always contain Foxp3(-) effector T cells (T(effs)) that theoretically could exacerbate autoimmunity in the recipient. Here we explore the impact of transferring the more comprehensive, but less pure T(reg) subset defined by CD4(+)CD25(+) expression on development of murine lupus. All cells were FACS sorted and expanded prior to adoptive transfer. Development of proteinuria and survival were measured. We found that exogenous expansion of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells produced a population containing 70-85% CD4(+)Foxp3(+)T(regs). Expanded T(regs) had higher CTLA-4 and Foxp3 expression, increased in vitro suppression capacity, and prolonged in vivo survival as compared to freshly isolated cells. Adoptive transfer of expanded CD4(+)CD25(+) T(regs) inhibited the onset of glomerulonephritis and prolonged survival in mice. Importantly the population of T(eff) contained within the adoptively transferred cells had reduced survival and proliferation capacity as compared to either co-transferred T(regs) or transferred T(effs) expanded in the absence of T(regs). These studies demonstrate that adoptive transfer of expanded CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T(regs) has the capacity to inhibit the onset of murine lupus and that this capacity is significant despite transfer of co-cultured T(eff) cells. These data indicate that when co-expanded with regulatory T cells, exogenously activated T(effs) from autoimmune patients may not pose a significant risk of promoting disease.
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) homologous factors: new members of the FGF family implicated in nervous system development. (1996)

Four new members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, referred to as fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs), have been identified by a combination of random cDNA sequencing, data base searches, and degenerate PCR. Pairwise comparisons between the four FHFs show between 58% and 71% amino acid sequence identity, but each FHF shows less than 30% identity when compared with other FGFs. Like FGF-1 (acidic FGF) and FGF-2 (basic FGF), the FHFs lack a classical signal sequence and contain clusters of basic residues that can act as nuclear localization signals. In transiently transfected 293 cells FHF-1 accumulates in the nucleus and is not secreted. Each FHF is expressed in the developing and adult nervous systems, suggesting a role for this branch of the FGF family in nervous system development and function.
The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (1989)

The development design and reliability of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale have been described elsewhere. We focused on the validity of the Yale-Brown Scale and its sensitivity to change. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined in baseline ratings from three cohorts of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (N = 81). The total Yale-Brown Scale score was significantly correlated with two of three independent measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder and weakly correlated with measures of depression and of anxiety in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with minimal secondary depressive symptoms. Results from a previously reported placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine in 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed that the Yale-Brown Scale was sensitive to drug-induced changes and that reductions in Yale-Brown Scale scores specifically reflected improvement in obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Together, these studies indicate that the 10-item Yale-Brown Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom severity and that it is suitable as an outcome measure in drug trials of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
16.2: Advanced TFT‐LCD Data Line Reduction Method (2006)

Abstract A new multiplexing technique has been developed which eliminates 2/3 of the TFT‐LCD data lines and column drivers by rearranging horizontally‐placed RGB pixels vertically. The method requires three times the number of gate drivers, which in turn are integrated in α‐Si silicon onto the glass substrate. This new method has been successfully tested and verified on a 12.1‐inch WXGA TFT‐LCD panel using only two data driver IC's.
PTIME (2011)

In a world of electronic calendars, the prospect of intelligent, personalized time management assistance seems a plausible and desirable application of AI. PTIME ( Personalized Time Management ) is a learning cognitive assistant agent that helps users handle email meeting requests, reserve venues, and schedule events. PTIME is designed to unobtrusively learn scheduling preferences, adapting to its user over time. The agent allows its user to flexibly express requirements for new meetings, as they would to an assistant. It interfaces with commercial enterprise calendaring platforms, and it operates seamlessly with users who do not have PTIME. This article overviews the system design and describes the models and technical advances required to satisfy the competing needs of preference modeling and elicitation, constraint reasoning, and machine learning. We further report on a multifaceted evaluation of the perceived usefulness of the system.
On implementation of bit-loading algorithms for OFDM systems with multiple-input multiple-output (2003)

A new implementation scheme for bit-loading algorithms is discussed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) over a wireless transmission channel. For M transmit and N receive antennas, subchannel precoders; and decoders jointly partition each frequency bin into a set of min(M,N) parallel eigen channels. Using a simulation technique, we study the relationship between the eigenvalue (gain of eigen channel) distribution and number (finite) of total antennas under the conditions of fixed M/N or fixed number of receive antennas in the Rayleigh fading channel environment. The study result leads to the proposed implementation scheme where all the parallel eigen channels are divided into groups and same number of bits per symbol are assigned to all the channels within each group. We further consider two additional techniques to improve the BER performance of a system with fixed number of antennas. In the numerical example, simulation results of system BER performance are shown for the proposed group bit-loading method and the conventional method (ideal) on the channel-by-channel basis. The results indicate that with the additional techniques, the BER performance of the proposed implementation scheme approaches closely to that of the ideal bit-loading method, but with a great reduction on computation complexity.
Homoarcyriaflavin:  Synthesis of Ring-Expanded Arcyriaflavin Analogues (1999)

The construction of the ring-expanded carbazole system, forming arcyriaflavin homologues, is efficiently accomplished by the reaction of 2,2'-bridged bis-indoles with 3,4-dibromo-2,5-dihydro-1H-2,5-pyrroledione derivatives under Grignard conditions. A ring size of up to nine members in the central ring is achievable. Substitutions either at the indole system or at the imide-N are also possible. The conformation of homoarcyriaflavins as a cross-link between the rigid arcyriaflavins and the flexible arcyriarubins was investigated by NMR, X-ray, and semiempiric quantum chemical calculation methods.
Calreticulin (1992)

Research Article| August 01 1992 Calreticulin M Michalak; M Michalak *Cardiovascular Disease Research Group and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R E Milner; R E Milner *Cardiovascular Disease Research Group and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K Burns; K Burns *Cardiovascular Disease Research Group and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Opas M Opas †Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1992) 285 (3): 681–692. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2850681 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M Michalak, R E Milner, K Burns, M Opas; Calreticulin. Biochem J 1 August 1992; 285 (3): 681–692. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2850681 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 The Biochemical Society, London1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Evaluation of desferrithiocin and its synthetic analogs as orally effective iron chelators (1991)

Desferrithiocin, a novel microbial siderophore isolated from cultures of Streptomyces antibioticus DSM 1865, and a number of its derivatives and analogues are evaluated for their ability to promote iron clearance. The compounds have been designed with the objective of identifying the structural features of desferrithiocin which render this ligand an orally effective iron chelator. The desferrithiocin aromatic hydroxyl and the thiazoline ring carboxyl group are shown to be central to desferrithiocin's activity. The ligand's methyl and the aromatic nitrogen play little role in the compound's efficacy. The animal model chosen for this study, the bile duct cannulated rat, provides information regarding both the chelator-induced total iron output and the kinetics of both biliary and urinary iron excretion.
Boron in Drug Discovery: Carboranes as Unique Pharmacophores in Biologically Active Compounds (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTBoron in Drug Discovery: Carboranes as Unique Pharmacophores in Biologically Active CompoundsFatiah Issa†, Michael Kassiou†‡§, and Louis M. Rendina*†View Author Information† School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia‡ Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe NSW 2141, Australia§ Brain and Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, AustraliaPhone: 61 2 9351 4781. Fax: 61 2 9351 3329. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 9, 5701–5722Publication Date (Web):June 30, 2011Publication History Received24 March 2011Published online30 June 2011Published inissue 14 September 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr2000866https://doi.org/10.1021/cr2000866review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8932Altmetric-Citations583LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Hydrophobicity,Ligands,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products,Receptors Get e-Alerts
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Ex Vivo MRI for Human Atherosclerotic Plaque Characterization (1999)

Recent evidence indicates that the type of atherosclerotic plaque, rather than the degree of obstruction to flow, is an important determinant of the risk of cardiovascular complications. In previous work, the feasibility of using MRI for the characterization of plaque components was shown. This study extends the previous work to all the plaque components and shows the accuracy of this method. Twenty-two human carotid endarterectomy specimens underwent ex vivo MRI and histopathological examination. Sixty-six cross sections were matched between MRI and histopathology. In each cross section, the presence or absence of plaque components were prospectively identified on the MRI images. The overall sensitivity and specificity for each tissue component were very high. Calcification and fibrocellular tissue were readily identified. Lipid core was also identifiable. However, thrombus was the plaque component for which MRI had the lowest sensitivity. A semiautomated algorithm was created to identify all major atherosclerotic plaque components. MRI can characterize carotid artery plaques with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Application of these results in the clinical setting may be feasible in the near future.
rsonal Learning Apprentice (1992)

Personalized knowledge-based systems have not yet become widespread, despite their potential for valuable assistance in many daily tasks. This is due, in part, to the high cost of developing and maintaining customized knowledge bases. The construction of personal assistants as learning apprentices -interactive assistants that learn continually from their users -is one approach which could dramatically reduce the cost of knowledge-based advisors. We present one such personal learning apprentice, called CAP, which assists in managing a meeting calendar. CAP has been used since June 1991 by a secretary in our work place to manage a faculty member’s meeting calendar, and is the first instance of a fielded learning apprentice in routine use. This paper describes the organization of CAP, its performance in initial field tests, and more general lessons learned from this effort about learning apprentice systems. knowledge constraints Abstract
Autoantibodies in chronic graft versus host result from cognate T-B interactions. (1990)

A chronic graft-versus-host reaction (GVH) induced in nonautoimmune mice causes a syndrome that closely resembles SLE. In this model, donor T cells react against incompatible host Ia structures and generate excessive help, which activates a subpopulation of self-reactive B cells. We have studied whether these self-reactive B cells are activated by direct interaction with alloreactive T cells or by nonspecific bystander effects. Two types of chimeras were made: double-parental chimeras, differing at both Ia and Igh allotype [B6.C20 + bm12----(B6.C20 x bm12)F1]; and control chimeras [(B6.C20 x bm12)F1----(B6.C20 x bm12)F1]. A chronic GVH syndrome was induced in the chimeras by infusion of B6 or bm12 spleen cells. Coombs and antichromatin autoantibodies were measured using Igh allotype-specific immunoassays. The double-parental chimeras that received bm12 cells made autoantibodies principally of the Igha allotype, indicating that the bm12 T cells interacted only with the Iab-bearing host B cells. Conversely, double-parental chimeras that received B6 cells made mostly Ighb autoantibodies, indicating direct cognate interaction with the Iabm12-bearing host B cells. The control chimeras made autoantibodies of both allotypes. These results indicate that autoantibodies in chronic GVH result from direct T-B interactions and not from nonspecific T cell-derived factors.
Human glioma cell models resistant to alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (2004)

687 Radiation is a well-known immunosuppressive agent. The mechanism is generally ascribed to the high radiosensitivity of lymphocytes. We have investigated whether suppression of antigen presentation function might exist at the level of dendritic cells (DCs), which are relatively radioresistant. DCs capture, process, and load peptides on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I or II molecules in order to activate CD8+ or CD4+ T cells. Antigenic peptides presented on MHC class I molecules can be loaded either by the endogenous or exogenous pathway. The endogenous pathway in DCs involves antigen degradation through the proteasome. The exogenous pathway involves direct loading of peptides onto the MHC class I molecules. In this study, we used the human melanocyte/melanoma antigen MART-1 to investigate the effects of radiation on the development of class I-mediated MART-1 specific T cell responses. DCs were generated from 7-day cultures of murine bone marrow cells in GM-CSF and IL-4. Replication-deficient adenoviral vectors were used to express MART-1 (AdVMART1) in DCs for processing through the endogenous pathway. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with AdVMART1 transduced DCs, with and without prior irradiation. 10-14 days after immunization, IFN-γ production by immune splenocytes was measured by ELISPOT. Prior radiation treatment resulted in a significant decrease in MART-1-specific T cell responses. To investigate if the generation of protective anti-tumor immunity was affected, the murine B16 tumor cells which express murine MART-1 were used. AdVMART1/DC vaccination protected C57BL/6 mice against challenge with viable B16 melanoma cells while irradiation of the DCs prior to AdVMART1 transduction completely abrogated protection. Irradiation affected expression of costimulatory molecules by DC; however, this may not be the mechanism for reduced function of irradiated DC because antigen presentation through the exogenous MHC class I pathway was not inhibited and was in fact improved by irradiation. This was shown using the immunodominant antigenic peptide MART-1(27-35), presented by HLA-A2.1 MHC molecules. HLA-A2.1/Kb transgenic mice were injected with peptide pulsed DCs, with and without irradiation treatment. A significant increase in MART-1 specific T cells responses was seen by ELISPOT. To study protective immunity, HLA-A2.1/Kb transgenic mice were immunized with MART-1(27-35) pulsed DCs (MART-1/DC) with or without prior irradiation. B16/A2/Kb tumor cells had delayed tumor growth in mice immunized with radiation treated MART-1/DC immunization comparing to the non-irradiated group. These results suggest that DC antigen presentation function is affected by irradiation and this may be a possible pathway suppressing immune responses to tumor antigens released during radiation therapy.
Differential Effect of Tetrazolium Dyes upon Bacteriophage Plaque Assay Titers (1994)

This study examined whether the practice of incorporating either tetrazolium red or tetrazolium violet dye into plaque assay medium deleteriously influences plaque assay titers. Representative members of six different virus families were studied: Cystoviridae (varphi6), Leviviridae (MS2), Microviridae (varphiX174), Myoviridae (T2), Podoviridae (P22), and Siphoviridae (Denver, T1, and VD13). Each of the members of the Podoviridae and Siphoviridae families appeared to be suppressed by either one or both dyes at a 300-mug/ml concentration. The chosen representatives of the other bacteriophage families were not suppressed by either dye at a 300-mug/ml concentration. Subsequent trials revealed no suppression of Podoviridae or Siphoviridae plaque assay titers when members of these virus families were tested with the same two dyes at the lower concentrations of 150 and 50 mug/ml. Interestingly, the bacteriophage families whose members were affected by the dyes have additional commonality in that they are the two bacteriophage families whose members possess both double-stranded DNA genomes and noncontractile tails.
Surface profiling by phase-locked interferometry (1986)

A noncontacting surface profiling technique with 1-nm height resolution is described. A feedback arrangement keeps in quadrature the two arms of a confocal interference microscope by modulating the reference beam using an electrooptic phase modulator.
Senescence and Death of Primitive Cells and Myocytes Lead to Premature Cardiac Aging and Heart Failure (2003)

Chronological myocardial aging is viewed as the inevitable effect of time on the functional reserve of the heart. Cardiac failure in elderly patients is commonly interpreted as an idiopathic or secondary myopathy superimposed on the old heart independently from the aging process. Thus, aged diseased hearts were studied to determine whether cell regeneration was disproportionate to the accumulation of old dying cells, leading to cardiac decompensation. Endomyocardial biopsies from 19 old patients with a dilated myopathy were compared with specimens from 7 individuals of similar age and normal ventricular function. Ten patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were also analyzed to detect differences with aged diseased hearts. Senescent cells were identified by the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4a and cell death by hairpin 1 and 2. Replication of primitive cells and myocytes was assessed by MCM5 labeling, myocyte mitotic index, and telomerase function. Aged diseased hearts had moderate hypertrophy and dilation, accumulation of p16INK4a positive primitive cells and myocytes, and no structural damage. Cell death markedly increased and occurred only in cells expressing p16INK4a that had significant telomeric shortening. Cell multiplication, mitotic index and telomerase increased but did not compensate for cell death or prevented telomeric shortening. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy had severe hypertrophy and dilation, tissue injury, and minimal level of p16INK4a labeling. In conclusion, telomere erosion, cellular senescence, and death characterize aged diseased hearts and the development of cardiac failure in humans.
Theory of a plasma column sustained by a surface wave (1981)

A self-consistent theory of a cylindrical plasma column sustained by a surface wave is derived which gives absolute values and radial profiles of electron density, electron temperature, HF electric field intensity and atomic excited state densities as a function of gas pressure, wave frequency and HF absorbed power. The basic equations are the continuity and the momentum transfer equations for both electrons and ions, the equations for the wave electric field and the power balance equation for electrons. The theory is applicable in the low attenuation regime. The plasma and field profiles are significantly different from the classical Bessel type and the field profiles of surface waves in homogeneous media, respectively. Depending on pressure the radial distribution of excited atoms is either flat or increases to reach a maximum near the wall.