gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease Using a Minimally Invasive B-Twin Expandable Spinal Spacer (2003)

Acquired degenerative disc disease causes gradual disc space collapse, concurrent discogenic or facet-induced pain, and possible compression radiculopathy. Surgical treatment aims to re-expand the intervertebral space and stabilize the involved segment in balanced alignment until fusion is complete. The prevailing methods make use of a twin cage device of predetermined size. Their implantation requires extensive exposure, entailing the sacrifice of posterior stabilizing structures. The procedure also results in significant traction on the dural sac and the cauda equina and is thereby a potential source of neurologic damage. The new expandable spinal spacer (ESS) was designed to mitigate all the shortcomings alluded to above. A prospective multicenter clinical study was conducted of 87 patients with chronic low back pain due to degenerative disc disease, treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) using a newly designed ESS. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committees of all the participating institutions. The objective was to test the safety and efficacy of the device. Each participant was followed periodically for >1 postoperative year. The ongoing record included intraoperative difficulties and complications, if any, radiologic evidence of fusion and clinical outcome as scored by pre- and postoperative questionnaires pertaining to pain intensity and degree of disability. No dural lacerations or neurologic deficit occurred. There were no mechanical failures of the spacer. Radiologic study demonstrated fusion in all but one patient. Disc space height that averaged 7.53 +/- 2.42 mm before surgery increased to 10.03 +/- 2.00 mm at the time of surgery and stabilized at 9.47 +/- 2.10 mm upon final follow-up. Visual Analog Scale and Oswestry Index decreased by 60% and 58%, respectively. PLIF using the ESS achieves the same ultimate outcome as do other methods currently in use but does not share the handicaps and hazards and is more user-friendly to the surgeon.
Soluble CD40 ligand accumulates in stored blood components, primes neutrophils through CD40, and is a potential cofactor in the development of transfusion-related acute lung injury (2006)

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a form of posttransfusion acute pulmonary insufficiency that has been linked to the infusion of biologic response modifiers (BRMs), including antileukocyte antibodies and lipids. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is a platelet-derived proinflammatory mediator that accumulates during platelet storage. We hypothesized that human polymorpho-nuclear leukocytes (PMNs) express CD40, CD40 ligation rapidly primes PMNs, and sCD40L induces PMN-mediated cytotoxicity of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). Levels of sCD40L were measured in blood components and in platelet concentrates (PCs) implicated in TRALI or control PCs that did not elicit a transfusion reaction. All blood components contained higher levels of sCD40L than fresh plasma, with apheresis PCs evidencing the highest concentration of sCD40L followed by PCs from whole blood, whole blood, and packed red blood cells (PRBCs). PCs implicated in TRALI reactions contained significantly higher sCD40L levels than control PCs. PMNs express functional CD40 on the plasma membrane, and recombinant sCD40L (10 ng/mL-1 mug/mL) rapidly (5 minutes) primed the PMN oxidase. Soluble CD40L promoted PMN-mediated cytotoxicity of HMVECs as the second event in a 2-event in vitro model of TRALI. We concluded that sCD40L, which accumulates during blood component storage, has the capacity to activate adherent PMNs, causing endothelial damage and possibly TRALI in predisposed patients.
Electric Propulsion With Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor: Implementation and Performance (2005)

There has recently been considerable interest in using the sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for vehicle propulsion systems. While many sensorless PMSM techniques have been presented in the literature, few have discussed in detail the underlying hardware and implementation issues. This work focuses on the implementation and application of a sensorless PMSM strategy that is particularly well suited for vehicle propulsion systems. The selected sensorless PMSM technique is implemented in a real-time motor control system to form a sensorless electric drive prototype. The hardware, strategy and implementation issues associated with the development of the sensorless drive are discussed. Experimental results are included in order to demonstrate the robustness of the implementation and the effectiveness of the sensorless drive under transient operating conditions such as startup and speed reversal.
Targeted disruption of the VH 81X gene: Influence on the B cell repertoire (1997)

We have generated a mutant mouse in which the most D-proximal V(H) gene (V(H)81X) has been disrupted by introducing a neomycin-resistance gene into the V(H)81X exon by means of gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. The mutant mice generated are unable to express the V(H)81X gene but appear to display a normal pattern of B cell differentiation as well as normal numbers of bone marrow and peripheral B cells from fetal life all through ontogeny. They mount normal immune responses to several different antigens tested. In contrast, the distribution of V(H) gene rearrangements in the V(H)7183 family is altered in homozygous mutant mice. Thus, the antibody repertoire of the targeted mice is modified, at least as far as the expression of V(H)7183 genes is concerned.
Mammalian alpha 1-adrenergic receptor. Purification and characterization of the native receptor ligand binding subunit. (1986)

alpha 1-Adrenergic receptors from a cultured smooth muscle cell line (DDT1 MF-2) have been solubilized with digitonin and purified to apparent homogeneity by sequential chromatography on a biospecific affinity support (Sepharose-A55453 (4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-[4-[5-(4-amino-3-phenyl) pentanoyl]-1-piperazinyl]-quinazoline), an alpha 1 receptor-selective antagonist), a wheat germ agglutinin-agarose gel, and a high performance steric exclusion liquid chromatography column. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography of iodinated purified receptor preparations reveals a peptide with an apparent Mr = 80,000 that co-migrates with the peptide labeled by the specific alpha 1-adrenergic receptor photoaffinity probe 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-[4-[5-(4-azido-3-[125I]iodophenyl)pentanoyl] -1-piperazinyl] quinazoline. The specific activity (approximately 13,600 pmol of ligand binding/mg of protein) of purified receptor preparations is consistent with that expected for a pure peptide of Mr = 80,000 containing a single ligand binding site. Overall yields approximate 14% of initial crude particulate binding. The purified receptor preparations bind agonist and antagonist ligands with appropriate alpha 1-adrenergic specificity, stereoselectivity, and affinity. Peptide maps of the pure alpha 1-adrenergic receptor and the pure human platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptor (Regan, J.W., Nakata, H., DeMarinis, R.M., Caron, M.G., and Lefkowitz, R.J. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 3894-3900) using several different proteases suggest that these two receptors show little if any structural homology.
Immunoadsorption and Plasma Exchange in Pregnancy (2002)

Long-term antibody-based immunoadsorption has been demonstrated to be safe and well tolerated in pregnant women and enables normal intrauterine/fetal development. Although rarely indicated during pregnancy, this treatment modality might be a promising new technique for removal of autoantibodies and lipoproteins in patients with serious gestational complications without sufficient response to conventional therapy.
Biochemical genetic analysis of the role of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase in a murine lymphoid cell line. (1983)

The enzyme methylthioadenosine phosphorylase functions in both purine and polyamine metabolism is dividing mammalian cells. To determine the effects of the loss of this enzyme on cell growth and metabolism, we selected two methylthioadenosine phosphorylase-deficient mutant clones of the transplantable murine T lymphoma cell line R1.1. The first had 3.5% of wild type methylthioadenosine phosphorylase activity. The second was completely enzyme-deficient. The loss of the enzyme did not alter the growth rate, cloning efficiency, or tumor-forming ability of the T lymphoma cells. The methylthioadenosine phosphorylase-deficient clones excreted substantial amounts of methylthioadenosine into the culture medium (0.13 and 0.32 nmol/h/mg of protein, respectively) and were unable to utilize the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase substrate 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine as a purine source when de novo purine synthesis was blocked. Spermine levels were 10-20% lower in the enzyme-deficient clones than in wild type cells. The loss of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase rendered the mutants exquisitely sensitive to the antiproliferative effects of methylthioadenosine. Methylthioadenosine at 3-6 microM inhibited their growth by 50%. The toxic effects of methylthioadenosine were not attributable to inhibition of purine, pyrimidine, or polyamine synthesis.
The Combined Administration of Multiple Soluble Factors in the Repair of Chronically Infarcted Rat Myocardium (2011)

The purpose of this study was to investigate a potential benefit of simultaneous administration of multiple soluble factors (SFs) in the repair of chronically infarcted rat myocardium. Rats subjected to a permanent coronary artery occlusion (myocardial infarction) received a cocktail of SF or a phosphate buffer. Four SFs, fibroblast growth factor-2 (2 μg), insulin-like growth factor-1 (1 μg), hepatocyte growth factor (2 μg), and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (0.6 μg) were injected directly into the ischemic myocardium at the onset of occlusion and subsequently at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of surgery (intraperitoneally). Cardiac contractile function, infarct size and remodeling, and blood vessel density were studied at 4 weeks postsurgery. Infarct size, left ventricular circumference and cavity volume, thinning ratio, and expansion index were not statistically different between groups. Treatment of SF did not alter ejection fraction, compared with control. No statistical difference in total blood vessel density in the infarct zone was observed in SF versus control. In conclusion, our results that there were no enhancements in cardiac function, reductions in infarct size, improvements in remodeling, or increases in vasculature density in SF versus control do not support the study hypothesis that the combined use of multiple SF benefits the hearts with myocardial infarct.
A turnover pathway for both stable and unstable mRNAs in yeast: evidence for a requirement for deadenylation. (1993)

To determine pathways of mRNA turnover in yeast, we have followed the poly(A) tail removal and degradation of a pulse of newly synthesized transcripts from four different genes. Before decay of both stable and unstable mRNAs initiated, there was a temporal lag during which the poly(A) tail was deadenylated to an oligo(A) length. Altering the deadenylation rate of an mRNA led to a corresponding change in the length of this lag. The rate of deadenylation and the stability of the oligo(A) species varied between mRNAs, explaining the differences in mRNA half-lives. To examine how the transcript body was degraded following deadenylation, we used the strategy of inserting strong RNA secondary structures, which can slow exonucleolytic digestion and thereby trap decay intermediates, into the 3' UTR of mRNAs. Fragments lacking the 5' portion of two different mRNAs accumulated after deadenylation as full-length mRNA levels decreased. Therefore, these results define an mRNA decay pathway in which deadenylation leads to either internal cleavage or decapping followed by 5'-->3' exonucleolytic degradation of the mRNA.
Recombinant antibodies with MHC‐restricted, peptide‐specific, T‐cell receptor‐like specificity: new tools to study antigen presentation and TCR–peptide–MHC interactions (2003)

The advent in recent years of the application of tetrameric arrays of class I peptide-MHC complexes now enables us to detect and study rare populations of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. However, available methods cannot visualize or determine the number and distribution of these TCR ligands on individual cells or detect antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in tissues. Here we describe a new approach that enables study of human class I peptide-MHC ligand-presentation as well as TCR-peptide-MHC interactions. Such studies are facilitated by applying novel tools in the form of peptide-specific, HLA-A2-restricted human recombinant antibodies directed toward a large variety of tumor-associated as well as viral T-cell epitope peptides. Using a large human antibody phage display library, a large panel of recombinant antibodies that are specific for a particular peptide-MHC class I complex in a peptide-dependent, MHC-restricted manner was isolated. These antibodies were used to directly visualize the specific MHC-peptide complex on tumor cells, antigen-presenting cells or virus-infected cells by flow cytometry. They enabled direct quantitation of the number of MHC-peptide complexes as well as in situ detection of the complex on the surface of APCs after naturally occurring active intracellular processing of the cognate antigen. These studies will enable also the development of a new class of targeting molecules to deliver drugs or toxins to tumor or virus-infected cells. Thus, we demonstrate our ability to transform the unique fine specificity but low intrinsic affinity of TCRs into high-affinity soluble antibody molecules endowed with a TCR-like specificity toward human tumor or viral epitopes. These molecules may prove to be crucial useful tools for studying MHC class I antigen presentation in health and disease as well as for therapeutic purposes in cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders.
Synthesis and properties of poly(ether imide)s based on a benzonorbornane bis(ether anhydride) (2002)

Abstract A novel bis(ether anhydride) monomer, 3,6‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenoxy)benzonorbornane dianhydride, was synthesized from the nitro displacement of 4‐nitrophthalonitrile with 3,6‐dihydroxybenzonorbornane in the presence of potassium carbonate, followed by the alkaline hydrolysis of the intermediate bis(ether dinitrile) and the cyclodehydration of the resulting bis(ether diacid). A series of poly(ether imide)s bearing pendant norbornane groups were prepared from the bis(ether anhydride) with various aromatic diamines via a conventional two‐stage process that included ring‐opening polyaddition to form the poly(amic acid)s followed by thermal imidization to the poly(ether imide)s. The inherent viscosities of the poly(amic acid) precursors were 0.81–1.81 dL/g. The poly(ether imide) with m ‐phenylenediamine as a diamine showed good organosolubility. Most of the cast poly(ether imide) films have had high tensile strengths and moduli. The glass‐transition temperatures of these poly(ether imide)s, except for those from rigid p ‐phenylenediamine and benzidine, were recorded between 211 and 246 °C by differential scanning calorimetry. The softening temperatures of all the poly(ether imide) films stayed within 210–330 °C according to thermomechanical analysis. No polymers showed significant decomposition before 500 °C in a nitrogen or air atmosphere. A comparative study of the properties with the corresponding poly(ether imide)s without pendant substituents was also made. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1712–1725, 2002
High Aspect‐Ratio Cylindrical Nanopore Arrays and Their Use for Templating Titania Nanoposts (2008)

Well-defined arrays of titania nanoposts are generated by using high aspect-ratio cylindrical nanopore templates. The simple and controllable fabrication scheme of the nanoporous templates makes them very attractive for creating well-defined nanostructures out of a variety of functional materials. The arrays of titania nanoposts can find a variety of applications such as photonic crystals, photocatalysts, and photovoltaics.
Inhibition of HIV-LTR gene expression by oligonucleotides targeted to the TAR element (1991)

All human immunodeficiency virus mRNAs contain a sequence known as TAR (trans-activating responsive sequence). The TAR element forms a stable RNA stem-loop structure which binds the HIV tat (trans-activator) protein and mediates increased viral gene expression. In principle, molecules which bind to the TAR RNA structure would inhibit trans-activation by perturbing the native RNA secondary structure. We have constructed a series of phosphodiester and phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides which specifically bind to the HIV TAR element. Specific binding to the TAR element was demonstrated in vitro with enzymatically synthesized TAR RNA. The TAR-directed phosphorothioates inhibited trans-activation in a sequence-dependent fashion in a cell culture model using an HIV LTR/human placental alkaline phosphatase gene fusion and tat protein supplied in trans. The molecules also inhibited HIV replication in both acute and chronically infected viral assays, but without sequence specificity. We have constructed a series of vectors consisting of the MMTV promoter and 5'-untranslated region of four different mRNAs, including the TAR region, to study the effect of TAR on gene expression in heterologous systems. The results suggest that, in the absence of the HIV LTR, the TAR element has a repressive effect on gene expression, which is relieved by tat.
Nucleophosmin mutations in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia with normal karyotype (2005)

Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein involved in leukemia-associated chromosomal translocations, and it regulates the alternate reading frame (ARF)-p53 tumor-suppressor pathway. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mutations of the NPM1 gene alter the protein at its C-terminal, causing its cytoplasmic localization. Cytoplasmic NPM was detected in 35% of adult patients with primary non-French-American-British (FAB) classification M3 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), associated mainly with normal karyotype. We evaluated the prevalence of the NPM1 gene mutation in non-M3 childhood AML patients enrolled in the ongoing Associazione Italiana di Ematologia e Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP-AML02) protocol in Italy. NPM1 mutations were found in 7 (6.5%) of 107 successfully analyzed patients. NPM1-mutated patients carried a normal karyotype (7/26, 27.1%) and were older in age. Thus, the NPM1 mutation is a frequent abnormality in AML patients without known genetic marker; the mutation may represent a new target to monitor minimal residual disease in AML and a potential candidate for alternative and targeted treatments.
IDH1 mutations are detected in 6.6% of 1414 AML patients and are associated with intermediate risk karyotype and unfavorable prognosis in adults younger than 60 years and unmutated NPM1 status (2010)

Mutations in the IDH1 gene at position R132 coding for the enzyme cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase are known in glioma and have recently been detected also in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These mutations result in an accumulation of α-ketoglutarate to R (2)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). To further clarify the role of this mutation in AML, we have analyzed IDH1R132 in 1414 AML patients. We detected IDH1R132 mutations in 93 of 1414 patients (6.6%) with a clear prevalence in intermediate risk karyotype group (10.4%, P < .001). Although IDH1R132 mutations can incidentally occur together with all other molecular markers, there were strong associations with NPM1 mutations (14.2% vs 5.4% in NPM1wt, P < .001) and MLL-PTD (18.2% vs 7.0% in MLLwt, P = .020). IDH1-mutated cases more often had AML without maturation/French-American-British M1 (P < .001), an immature immunophenotype, and female sex (8.7% vs 4.7% in male, P = .003) compared with IDH1wt cases. Prognosis was adversely affected by IDH1 mutations with trend for shorter overall survival (P = .110), a shorter event-free survival (P < .003) and a higher cumulative risk for relapse (P = .001). IDH1 mutations were of independent prognostic relevance for event-free survival (P = .039) especially in the age group < 60 years (P = .028). In conclusion, these data show that IDH1R132 may significantly add information regarding characterization and prognostication in AML.
The Influence of Adenosine Triphosphate on Isolated Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells (1969)

Research Articles| July 23 2009 The Influence of Adenosine Triphosphate on Isolated Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells Subject Area: Immunology and Allergy B. Diamant B. Diamant Department of Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology (1969) 36 (1-2): 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1159/000230715 Article history Published Online: July 23 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. Diamant; The Influence of Adenosine Triphosphate on Isolated Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells. International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology 31 December 1969; 36 (1-2): 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1159/000230715 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsInternational Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1969Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.