gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Value of follow-up procedures in patients with large-cell lymphoma who achieve a complete remission. (1991)

Salvage therapy for relapsed large-cell lymphoma (LCL) is more effective in patients with minimal disease, suggesting that early detection of relapse might increase the chance of long-term survival. To determine whether current follow-up procedures are effective in identifying preclinical disease, we analyzed patterns of relapse in 139 LCL patients who achieved a complete remission (CR) with high/moderate-dose methotrexate with leucovorin, bleomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dexamethasone (M/m-BACOD). The timing and results of all posttreatment follow-up tests were examined in the 36 patients who relapsed from complete remission (CR) and 46 controls who remain in CR. Despite conscientious posttreatment follow-up, only two of the 36 relapses (6%) were detected before the development of symptoms. Sixty-seven percent of patients relapsed in new disease sites (42% in new and old sites, and 25% in new sites only). Consistent with this observation, the tests most sensitive to clinical relapse were those not targeted to specific sites of disease: gallium scan (sensitivity, 90%), physical examination (80%), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (65%). Of screening tests performed, only LDH was successful in detecting preclinical relapse, with a sensitivity of 42% and specificity of 85% for impending symptomatic relapse. These results indicate that conventional screening was ineffective in detecting preclinical relapse in LCL patients. We recommend prospective evaluation of a strategy that (1) screens with a frequency appropriate to a patient's risk of relapse, (2) uses sensitive test(s) not targeted to specific sites, and (3) limits aggressive screening to those high-risk patients eligible for potentially curative salvage therapy.
Enhancement of Absorption of Insulin-Loaded Polyisobutylcyanoacrylate Nanospheres by Sodium Cholate After Oral and Subcutaneous Administration in Diabetic Rats (2001)

Polyisobutylcyanoacrylate (PIBCA) nanospheres were employed as biodegradable polymeric carriers for oral (p.o.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) delivery of insulin. The polymerization technique used was able to hold 65%-95% of insulin added 30 min after initiation of polymerization. The percentage drug loading was monomer concentration dependent. Insulin adsorption to the nanospheres was measured by radioimmunoassay. Although Pluronic F68 (0.5%) did not significantly alter the in vitro insulin degradation half-life T50%, sodium cholate (0.5%) increased the degradation T50% of insulin by 56% (from 13.6 +/- 1.6 to 22.1 +/- 2 min). This study also investigated the in vivo performance of insulin-loaded PIBCA in aqueous suspension with or without sodium cholate (0.5%) and Pluronic F68 (0.5%) surfactants after oral and subcutaneous administration to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Insulin absorption was evaluated by its hypoglycemic effect. Insulin associated with PIBCA nanospheres retains its biological activity up to 15 h and 24 h after oral and subcutaneous administrations, respectively. Administered orally insulin-loaded (75 U/kg) nanospheres, in the presence of surfactants, significantly reduced the mean blood glucose level from 392 +/- 32 to 80 +/- 13 mg/dl within 2 h and maintained it at 100 mg/dl or less for more than 8 h. On the other hand, the subcutaneous administration of insulin-loaded (25 U/kg) nanospheres significantly decreased the blood glucose level from 406 +/- 33 to 88.5 +/- 12.8 mg/dl within 1 h, and the lowered glucose level was maintained at 100 mg/dl or less for more than 12 h; it returned to its initial value 24 h after administration. Insulin-loaded nanospheres with surfactants showed significant (P < .05) pharmacological availability (PA%) of 37.6% +/- 3.7% and 65.2% +/- 2.7% after oral and subcutaneous dosages, respectively. The existence of surfactants with PIBCA nanospheres improved the oral PA% by 49.2%. These findings suggest that the developed PIBCA, in the presence of surfactants, would be useful not only in improving insulin gastrointestinal absorption, but also in sustaining its systemic action by lowering the blood glucose to an acceptable level.
Unispherical windows (2002)

In this paper the author discusses a new class of window functions based on the orthogonal polynomials known as the Gegenbauer or ultraspherical polynomials. These functions have a close relationship with the Jacobi polynomials and with the well known Chebyshev polynomials which are a special case. The window functions derived from these polynomials have the interesting property that the rolloff of the sidelobes with frequency is controlled by a parameter, leading to the design of a whole class of windows, including some unique ones where the sidelobes increase in value with frequency from some minimum at the first sidelobe. The author shows that other window functions can be approximated by this new class, and also indicate some interesting applications in spectral analysis and filter design.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF COANDA JET ON AIRFOILS: TWO-DIMENSIONAL CASE (2012)

The properties of surfaces with charge-regulated patches are studied using nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann theory. Using a mode expansion to solve the nonlinear problem efficiently, we reveal the charging behavior of Debye-length sized patches. We find that the patches charge up to higher charge densities if their size is relatively small and if they are well separated. The numerical results are used to construct a basic analytical model which predicts the average surface charge density on surfaces with patchy chargeable groups.
Bloom filter based routing for content-based publish/subscribe (2008)

Achieving expressive and efficient content-based routing in publish/subscribe systems is a difficult problem. Traditional approaches prove to be either inefficient or severely limited in their expressiveness and flexibility. We present a novel routing method, based on Bloom filters, which shows high efficiency while simultaneously preserving the flexibility of content-based schemes. The resulting implementation is a fast, flexible and fully decoupled content-based publish/subscribe system.
Brief bursts of pulse stimulation terminate afterdischarges caused by cortical stimulation (1999)

Afterdischarges significantly decreased in duration after we applied brief bursts of pulse stimulation. Although afterdischarges are not identical to spontaneous epileptiform activity, these results support the idea that electrical stimulation, applied in an appropriate manner at seizure onset, could abort seizures in humans.
Increased cerebrospinal fluid metalloproteinase-2 and interleukin-6 are associated with albumin quotient in neuromyelitis optica: Their possible role on blood–brain barrier disruption (2016)

In NMO, increased CSF MMP-2, likely induced by interleukin-6 signaling, may disrupt the BBB and enable serum anti-AQP-4 antibodies migration into the central nervous system (CNS).
TLR8 Senses Bacterial RNA in Human Monocytes and Plays a Nonredundant Role for Recognition of Streptococcus pyogenes (2015)

Microbial nucleic acids constitute an important group of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that efficiently trigger innate immune activation. In mice, TLR13 has recently been identified to sense a highly conserved region within bacterial 23S rRNA. However, TLR13 is not expressed in humans, and the identity of its human homolog remains elusive. Moreover, the contribution of bacterial RNA to the induction of innate immune responses against entire bacteria is still insufficiently defined. In the current study, we show that human monocytes respond to bacterial RNA with secretion of IL-6, TNF, and IFN-β, which is critically dependent on lysosomal maturation. Using small interfering RNA and overexpression, we unambiguously identify TLR8 as receptor for bacterial RNA in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. We further demonstrate that the sequence motif sensed by TLR8 is clearly distinct from that recognized by TLR13. Moreover, TLR8-dependent detection of bacterial RNA was critical for triggering monocyte activation in response to infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Bacterial RNA within streptococci was also a dominant stimulus for murine immune cells, highlighting the physiological relevance of RNA sensing in defense of infections.
A Novel Approach for Designing Integrated Ultra Low Noise Microwave Wideband Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (2005)

Wie allgemein bekannt, haben Oszillatoren in Kommunikationssystemen und Messgeräten einen extrem großen Einfluss auf deren Eigenschaften. Die wesentlichen Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Oszillator-Typen liegen im Frequenzbereich, im Abstimmbereich und allgemein in den Spezifikationen, die für eine bestimmte Anwendung benötigt werden. Die wichtigsten Eigenschaften sind das Phasenrauschen, die Ausgangsleistung, der Oberwellengehalt sowie Stromverbrauch, Baugröße und Kosten. Eine spezielle Variante des Oszillators ist der spannungsgesteuerte Oszillator (VCO), im Englischen voltage-controlled oscillator , welcher über einen Bereich von wenigen Prozent bis zu einem Bereich von 1:3 abgestimmt werden kann. Das Phasenrauschen und der Abstimmbereich beeinflussen sich gegenseitig. Man kann generell sagen, dass das Phasenrauschen schlechter wird, wenn der Abstimmbereich größer wird, aber eine neue hier vorgestellte Schaltungsvariante reduziert diesen Effekt. Die vorliegende Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit diesem Sachverhalt und zeigt wesentliche neue Erkenntnisse. Nach der Diskussion der Oszillatortheorie und dem VCO werden der Ein- und Zweitor-Oszillator vorgestellt. Anschließend wird gezeigt, dass ein System gekoppelter Oszillatoren weniger Rauschen verursacht als der Einzel-Oszillator. Das Prinzip gekoppelter Oszillatoren ist bekannt, neu ist jedoch die Berechnung ihres Rauschverhaltens und die optimale Kopplung. Auch wird erstmalig die Betriebsgüte berechnet. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich mit zunehmender Anzahl von Oszillatoren das Rauschen um den Faktor 1/N verringert. In allen Schaltungen spielen die verwendeten Bauelemente eine große Rolle und daher werden aktive und passive Komponenten auf ihre Tauglichkeit für diese Applikationen untersucht. Nachdem der Einzel-Oszillator die dominierende Rauschquelle ist, werden zwei neue und verbesserte Oszillatoren vorgestellt: 1) ein Oszillator mit mehreren Resonatoren für die Frequenzbereiche (1000-2000/ 2000- 4000 MHz und 1500-3000/3000-6000 MHz) 2) ein Oszillator mit extrem großen Abstimmbereich (320-1120 MHz) Die Arbeit endet mit mehreren Schaltungen, die zum Nachweis der Richtigkeit der Theorie aufgebaut und vermessen wurden, wobei Einzelheiten genauestens wiedergegeben werden. Die Arbeit enthält 75 Literaturstellen und drei Anhänge, die weitere theoretische Aspekte aufzeigen. Im Bereich der Mikrowellenfrequenzen hängen die Eigenschaften der Schaltungen von den aktiven und passiven Komponenten und dem optimalen Layout ab. Dieser Punkt wurde besonders untersucht und eine Layout-Anordnung gefunden, die beste Ergebnisse zeigte. Dafür wurde ein U.S. Copyright beantragt. Dieser Vorgang ist etwas ungewöhnlich und zeigt, wie wichtig die Layoutfragen genommen wurden. Weiterhin wurden für einige Teile der Schaltungen Patentansprüche eingereicht.
STAT5 is required for long-term maintenance of normal and leukemic human stem/progenitor cells (2007)

The transcription factor STAT5 fulfills a distinct role in the hematopoietic system, but its precise role in primitive human hematopoietic cells remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we performed STAT5 RNAi in sorted cord blood (CB) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) CD34+ cells by lentiviral transduction and investigated effects of STAT5 downmodulation on the normal stem/progenitor cell compartment and the leukemic counterpart. STAT5 RNAi cells displayed growth impairment, without affecting their differentiation in CB and AML cultures on MS5 stroma. In CB, limiting-dilution assays demonstrated a 3.9-fold reduction in progenitor numbers. Stem cells were enumerated in long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) assays, and the average LTC-IC frequency was 3.25-fold reduced from 0.13% to 0.04% by STAT5 down-regulation. Single-cell sorting experiments of CB CD34+/CD38(-) cells demonstrated a 2-fold reduced cytokine-driven expansion, with a subsequent 2.3-fold reduction of progenitors. In sorted CD34+ AML cells with constitutive STAT5 phosphorylation (5/8), STAT5 RNAi demonstrated a reduction in cell number (72% +/- 17%) and a decreased expansion (17 +/- 15 vs 80 +/- 58 in control cultures) at week 6 on MS5 stroma. Together, our data indicate that STAT5 expression is required for the maintenance and expansion of primitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, both in normal as well as leukemic hematopoiesis.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland (1968)

In a histologic re-examination and reclassification of a series of 1678 tumors of the parotid gland, 63 (3.7%) exhibited the structures characteristic of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. A long-term follow-up study showed that mucoepidermoid carcinoma differs from acinic cell and adenoid cystic carcinoma in that the determinate survival rate does not fall markedly when the follow-up exceeds 5 years. This implies that the prognosis based on the determinate survival rate can be evaluated after a 5-year follow-up study. Histologically, the 63 tumors have been divided into two subgroups, one consisting of 20 tumors exhibiting invasive growth (high grade malignant) and the other of 43 without invasive growth (low grade malignant). The follow-up study showed the difference between the prognosis in the two groups. In order to improve the poor prognosis in high grade malignant mucoepidermoid carcinoma, the authors recommend that parotidectomy should be routinely combined with radical neck dissection in high grade malignant tumors.
The Production of Anti-Guinea Pig Lymphokine Antibody (1975)

Rabbit antiserum to lymphokine-containing supernatant fluids has been prepared by means of a two-stage immunization procedure. Migration inhibiting factor (MIF)-containing and control supernatants were obtained from guinea pig lymphocyte cultures. Both were fractionated on Sephadex G-100. Fractions of control supernatants corresponding to active fractions from the MIF-rich material were used to immunize rabbits. The anti-"control" antibody so obtained was conjugated to agarose beads to prepare an immunoadsorbent column. The MIF-rich Sephadex fractions were passed through this column to remove materials corresponding to those found in control supernatants and which could react with the anti-control antibody. The eluted MIF-rich fraction was concentrated and used to immunize a second group of rabbits. The anti-"lymphokine" antiserum so obtained was studied for its effect in vitro and in vivo. It was found capable of suppressing the activity of MIF, macrophage chemotactic factor, and skin reactive factor. It could also suppress delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions in actively immunized guinea pigs.
Pose estimation from corresponding point data (1989)

Solutions for four different pose estimation problems are presented. Closed-form least-squares solutions are given to the overconstrained 2D-2D and 3D-3D pose estimation problems. A globally convergent iterative technique is given for the 2D-perspective-projection-3D pose estimation problem. A simplified linear solution and a robust solution to the 2D-perspective-projection-2D-perspective-projection pose-estimation problem are also given. Simulation experiments consisting of millions of trials with varying numbers of pairs of corresponding points and varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) with either Gaussian or uniform noise provide data suggesting that accurate inference of rotation and translation with noisy data may require corresponding point data sets with hundreds of corresponding point pairs when the SNR is less than 40 dB. The experimental results also show that the robust technique can suppress the blunder data which come from outliers or mismatched points.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Isohelicity and Strand Selectivity in the Minor Groove Binding of Chiral (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-Bis(netropsin)-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxamide Ligands to Duplex DNA (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsohelicity and Strand Selectivity in the Minor Groove Binding of Chiral (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-Bis(netropsin)-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxamide Ligands to Duplex DNAMalvinder P. Singh, Bertrand Plouvier, G. Craig Hill, Juergen Gueck, Richard T. Pon, and J. William LownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 16, 7006–7020Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00095a002Request reuse permissions Article Views126Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Direct Gene Expression Analysis (2004)

The direct analysis of single biological molecules is getting increasingly important in basic as well as pharmaceutical research (e.g. for gene expression analysis). In particular single-molecule fluorescence detection provides exciting new opportunities to probe biochemical processes in unprecedented detail. Currently several academic and industrial research groups work on the development of single molecule detection based technologies in order to directly detect and analyze RNA and DNA molecules. As these developed methods are characterized as homogenous assays and obviate any amplification of the target or the signal, they provide clear advantages compared to methods like real-time PCR or DNA- arrays. In the following we describe a recently developed approach based on fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). This expression assay is based on gene-specific hybridization of two dye-labeled DNA probes to a selected target molecule (either DNA or RNA) in solution. The subsequent dual color cross-correlation analysis allows the quantification of the bio-molecule of interest in absolute numbers. Target concentrations of less than 10(-12) M can be easily monitored, covering the direct analysis of the expression levels of high, medium and low abundant genes.
IGF Signaling Pathway as a Selective Target of Familial Breast Cancer Therapy (2008)

Hereditary breast cancers affect women who have an increased risk of developing tumors because of a familial history. In most cases, they can be attributed to mutations in the breast cancer associated gene 1 and 2 (BRCA1 and BRCA2). Recent studies have demonstrated a link between the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway and familial breast cancer incidence. IGF and IGF receptors represent a family of biological growth factors and transducers, which have been involved in both physiological and pathological processes. It has been shown that BRCA1 regulates expression of several members of the IGF family. Here, we will examine our understanding of the functions of IGF/IGF-receptor signaling, the development of new inhibitors of this pathway and the related mechanisms of familial breast cancer formation.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Results in Acute Increases in Oxidized Phospholipids and Lipoprotein(a) (2004)

PCI results in acute plasma increases of Lp(a) and OxPL and results in short-term and long-term immunologic responses to OxLDL. OxPL that are released or generated during PCI are transferred to Lp(a), suggesting that Lp(a) may contribute acutely to a protective innate immune response. In settings of enhanced oxidative stress and chronically elevated Lp(a) levels, the atherogenicity of Lp(a) may stem from its capacity as a carrier of proinflammatory oxidation byproducts.
Amelioration of diet-induced diabetes mellitus by removal of visceral fat (2006)

The effect of visceral fat removal upon glucose homeostasis, insulin signal transduction, and serum adipokine levels in an animal model of diet-induced obesity and diabetes mellitus (DIO) was evaluated. Swiss mice were initially divided into two groups fed with regular rodent chow or with chow containing 24 g% saturated fat (DIO). DIO mice became obese and overtly diabetic after 8 weeks. DIO mice were then divided into three groups: control, sham, and visceral (epididymal and perinephric) fat removal. All groups were submitted to evaluation of basal glucose and insulin levels and i.p. insulin tolerance test. Insulin signal transduction in muscle was evaluated by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot, and serum adipokine levels were determined by ELISA. DIO mice became diabetic (228 versus 115 mg/dl), hyperinsulinemic (7.59 versus 3.15 ng/ml) and insulin resistant (K(itt) 2.88 versus 4.97%/min) as compared with control. Visceral fat removal partially reverted all parameters (147 mg/dl glucose; 3.82 ng/ml insulin; and 4.20%/min K(itt)). In addition, visceral fat removal completely reversed the impairment of insulin signal transduction through insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, IRS-2 and Akt in muscle. Finally, serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 were significantly increased, while adiponectin levels were significantly reduced in DIO mice. After visceral fat removal the levels of adipokines returned to near control levels. The present study shows that removal of visceral fat improves insulin signal transduction and glucose homeostasis in an animal model of diet-induced obesity and diabetes mellitus and these metabolic and molecular outcomes are accompanied by the restoration of adipokine levels.
Treatment of lysosomal storage disorders: Cell therapy and gene therapy (2004)

Most lysosomal storage diseases have central nervous system (CNS) involvement. No effective treatment is available at present. We investigated the usefulness of brain-directed gene therapy and cell therapy using mouse models of lysosomal storage diseases. For gene therapy to the CNS, a recombinant adenovirus encoding beta-galactocerebrosidase gene was injected into the cerebral ventricle of neonatal twitcher mice, a murine model of Krabbe disease. Improvements in neurological symptoms and a prolonged lifespan were observed. Brain activity of beta-galactocerebrosidase was increased significantly and the concentration of a cytotoxic metabolite, psychosine, was decreased. Pathological observations of the brain were also improved in treated twitcher mice. For cell therapy to the CNS, a neural stem cell line derived from human fetal brain was genetically engineered to overexpress beta-glucuronidase and transplanted into the cerebral ventricles of neonatal MPS VII mice, a model of beta-glucuronidase deficiency. Transplanted human neural stem cells were found to integrate and migrate in the host brain and to produce large amounts of beta-glucuronidase. Brain contents of the substrate of beta-glucuronidase were reduced and widespread clearing of lysosomal storage was observed in treated MPS VII mice. These data suggest that brain-directed gene/cell therapy may be useful in the treatment of neurological alterations in lysosomal storage diseases.