gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bexarotene improves TTP in untreated, advanced NSCLC, when given in combination with carboplatin/paclitaxel (2005)

7270 Background: Bexarotene, a specific synthetic retinoid analogue, binds to the α, β, and γ subclass of RXR, providing therapeutic specificity and reduced toxicities in pts with RXR-expressing tumors. Initial phase-I/II clinical trials in NSCLC showed that bexarotene added to chemotherapy prolonged stabilization of disease (TTP) and 1, 2, and 3 yr survival. Methods: Stage IIIB with pleural effusion & Stage IV chemo-naïve patients, ECOG PS 0–2, were enrolled on study and treated with carboplatin IV AUC-6 d1 and paclitaxel IV 100mg/m2 d1, 8, and 15, every 28-d for 4 cycles. Pts were randomized using a 1:1 design to bexarotene PO 400mg/m2/d either concurrent (C) from Day 1 or sequential (S) at the completion of chemo, for up to a year. Results: From a planned total of 60 patients, 48 have been enrolled thus far; median age 62.3 (range 41–86), 43 Caucasian, 41 TNM Stage IV, 33 males, 34 ECOG PS 1. To date, 44 pts are evaluable for efficacy and toxicity based on ITT; 35 were evaluated for RR: 15 (42.8%) achieved PR (C: 7 and S: 8), 15 (42.8%) exhibited SD (C: 8 and S: 7), and 5 (14.3%) had PD (C: 2 and S: 3), during the first 112 days (C1–4 chemo). TTP analysis was done in 42 pts: 19 pts showed an overall TTP of 152 days (5.06 mo) (C=10: 148.3 days and S=9: 155.5 days); in 23 pts the TTP has not been reached after a median F/U of 79 days (range 10–203). The overall 1yr S was 58.8% with no significant difference between treatment arms (p=0.7). The treatment was well tolerated; overall, AEs were reported in 48% of pts in the S arm vs. 51% in the C arm. The incidence of Gr 3–4 AEs, regardless of the treatment arm, was < 5%. There were no treatment-associated deaths. Conclusions: so far, data suggests a comparable ORR and a potential improvement in TTP, when bexarotene is added to carboplatin/paclitaxel, compared with chemo alone. Toxicity is easily managed. Updated efficacy and toxicity data will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prediction of the radiation term in the thermal conductivity of crosslinked closed cell polyolefin foams (2000)

The thermal conductivity and the cellular structure as well as the matrix polymer morphology of a collection of chemically crosslinked low-density closed cell polyolefin foams, manufactured by a high-pressure nitrogen gas solution process, have been studied. With the aid of a useful theoretical model, the relative contribution of each heat-transfer mechanism (conduction through the gas and solid phases and thermal radiation) has been evaluated. The thermal radiation can be calculated by using a theoretical model, which takes into account the dependence of this heat-transfer mechanism with cell size, foam thickness, chemical composition, and matrix polymer morphology. A simple equation, which can be used to predict the thermal conductivity of a given material, is presented. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 993–1004, 2000
Electrostatics improvement in 3-D tri-gate over ultra-thin body planar InGaAs quantum well field effect transistors with high-K gate dielectric and scaled gate-to-drain/gate-to-source separation (2011)

In this work, 3-D Tri-gate and ultra-thin body planar InGaAs quantum well field effect transistors (QWFETs) with high-K gate dielectric and scaled gate-to-source/gate-to-drain (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SIDE</sub> ) have been fabricated and compared. For the first time, 3-D Tri-gate InGaAs devices demonstrate electrostatics improvement over the ultra-thin (QW thickness, T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">QW</sub> =10nm) body planar InGaAs device due to (i) narrow fin width (W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FIN</sub> ) of 30nm and (ii) high quality high-K gate dielectric interface on the InGaAs fin. Additionally, the 3-D Tri-gate InGaAs devices in this work achieve the best electrostatics, as evidenced by the steepest SS and the smallest DIBL, ever reported for any high-K III-V field effect transistor. The results in this work show that the 3-D Tri-gate device architecture is an effective way to improve the scalability of III-V FETs for future low power logic applications.
Doxycycline disrupts chondrocyte differentiation and inhibits cartilage matrix degradation (1994)

The effects of doxycycline extend beyond inhibition of the proteolytic enzymes by stimulating cartilage growth and disrupting the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes.
Gesture Control for Use in Automobiles (2000)

Gesture interfaces are gaining relevance for human-machine communication, since it is expected that they make interaction more intuitive. Particularly vision based approaches are widely preferred. This paper describes a novel vision based real-time gesture recognition system, designed for operating in an automotive environment. It is used within an application for retrieving traffic news and e-mails from a message storage. Image processing and pattern matching techniques, specially adapted to the complex environmental conditions, represent the systems basics. more comfortable natural input. Hence we prototypically developed a vision based real-time recognition
Chemotherapy for Stage II Colon Cancer (2015)

The adjuvant treatment of patients with stage II colon cancer is an area of controversy in medical oncology. Adjuvant chemotherapy aims to eradicate micrometastatic disease present at the time of surgery, preventing the development of distant metastatic disease and thereby curing those patients of their cancer. National and international guidelines for the adjuvant treatment of stage II colon cancer recommend a range of treatment options from observation to chemotherapy with single-agent or combination regimens, depending on the presence or absence of high-risk features (poorly differentiated histology, presence of lymphovascular invasion, presence of perineural invasion, report of < 12 lymph nodes, bowel obstruction, localized perforation, or positive margins). In the one prospective study designed to address the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer, a small but statistically significant benefit in overall survival was seen for those patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy; however, multiple meta-analyses and retrospective subgroup analyses have called these findings into question. Though there may be a role for adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with stage II colon cancer, its incremental benefit is small, at best, and comes with the risks of real and rarely fatal complications of chemotherapy.
Liposome-encapsulated antigens engender lysosomal processing for class II MHC presentation and cytosolic processing for class I presentation (1991)

Liposome-encapsulated protein Ag were used to dissect the roles of various subcellular compartments in Ag processing for class I and class II MHC-restricted presentation. Macrophages exhibited efficient processing of Ag encapsulated in acid-resistant dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylserine liposomes, which sequester their contents from potential endosomal processing events and release them only after delivery to lysosomes. Lysosomal processing was demonstrated for all four Ag studied (OVA, murine hemoglobin, bovine ribonuclease A, and hen egg lysozyme), establishing the recycling of immunogenic peptides from lysosomes after Ag processing. These acid-resistant liposomes did not engender class I processing. Ag encapsulated within acid-sensitive dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine/palmitoylhomocysteine liposomes were also processed via the class II pathway. Of the four Ag encapsulated in liposomes, one, OVA, was tested for ability to stimulate a class I-specific response. OVA in acid-resistant liposomes did not engender a class I-specific response. In contrast, OVA encapsulated in acid-sensitive liposomes was presented by class I molecules, albeit less efficiently than it was presented by class II molecules. We interpret this to be the result of the release of a minor portion of the encapsulated Ag into the cytosol.
Toward a Clinical Molecular Scanner for Proteome Research:  Parallel Protein Chemical Processing before and during Western Blot (1999)

To increase the throughput of protein identification and characterization in proteome studies, we investigated three methods of performing protein digestion in parallel. The first, which we term "one-step digestion-transfer" (OSDT), is based on protein digestion during the transblotting process. It involves the use of membranes containing immobilized trypsin which are intercalated between the gel and a PVDF collecting membrane. During electrotransfer, some digestion of the transferred proteins occurs, although poorly for basic and/or high molecular weight proteins. The second method is based on "in-gel" digestion of all proteins in parallel and termed "parallel in-gel digestion" (PIGD) to denote this fact. The PIGD led to more efficient digestion of basic and high molecular weight proteins (> 40,000) but suffered from a major drawback: loss of resolution for low molecular weight polypeptides (< 60,000) through diffusion during the digestion process. The third method examined was the combination of PIGD and OSDT procedures. This combination, called "double parallel digestion" (DPD), led to greatly improved digestion of high molecular weight and basic proteins without losses of low molecular weight polypeptides. Peptides liberated during transblotting of proteins through the immobilized trypsin membrane were trapped on a PVDF membrane and identified by mass spectrometry in scanning mode.
Motifs of cadherin- and fibronectin type III-related sequences and evolution of the receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinases: sequence similarity between proto-oncogene ret and cadherin family. (1993)

Immunoglobulin (Ig)-, fibronectin type III (FN-III)-, and cadherin-related sequences are often found in multiple repeats in the extracellular regions of various cell adhesion molecules. The amino acid sequences of 82 different cadherin-like repeats from 13 known members of the cadherin superfamily were compared for six highly conserved regions, and a frequency matrix represented as amino acids versus position matrix was calculated based on the alignment. With the frequency matrix, further members of the cadherin superfamily were searched for in the protein data base. It was found that the ret protein, a receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinase, contains cadherin-like repeats in the extracellular region. A similar analysis was also carried out for the FN-III superfamily. Nine receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinases were shown to exhibit significant similarities, in terms of sequence, with known FN-III-like repeats. Several receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinases have already been reported to have Ig-like repeats in their extracellular regions. Thus these receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinases--together with the remaining receptors, whose structures are not yet characterized--may be classified into at least four distinct groups based on the structural differences in the extracellular domains. A molecular phylogenetic tree inferred from the shared kinase domains of these receptor-type-protein tyrosine kinases revealed a close relationship between the branching patterns and the grouping based on the structural differences of the extracellular region.
The Vaccinia Virus Soluble Alpha/Beta Interferon (IFN) Receptor Binds to the Cell Surface and Protects Cells from the Antiviral Effects of IFN (2000)

Poxviruses encode a broad range of proteins that interfere with host immune functions, such as soluble versions of receptors for the cytokines tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 beta, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), IFN-alpha/beta, and chemokines. These virus-encoded cytokine receptors have a profound effect on virus pathogenesis and enable the study of the role of cytokines in virus infections. The vaccinia virus (VV) Western Reserve gene B18R encodes a secreted protein with 3 immunoglobulin domains that functions as a soluble receptor for IFN-alpha/beta. We have found that after secretion B18R binds to both uninfected and infected cells. The B18R protein present at the cell surface maintains the properties of the soluble receptor, binding IFN-alpha/beta with high affinity and with broad species specificity, and protects cells from the antiviral state induced by IFN-alpha/beta. VV strain Wyeth expressed a truncated B18R protein lacking the C-terminal immunoglobulin domain. This protein binds IFN with lower affinity and retains its ability to bind to cells, indicating that the C-terminal region of B18R contributes to IFN binding. The replication of a VV B18R deletion mutant in tissue culture was restricted in the presence of IFN-alpha, whereas the wild-type virus replicated normally. Binding of soluble recombinant B18R to cells protected the cultures from IFN and allowed VV replication. This represents a novel strategy of virus immune evasion in which secreted IFN-alpha/beta receptors not only bind the soluble cytokine but also bind to uninfected cells and protect them from the antiviral effects of IFN-alpha/beta, maintaining the cells' susceptibility to virus infections. The adaptation of this soluble receptor to block IFN-alpha/beta activity locally will help VV to replicate in the host and spread in tissues. This emphasizes the importance of local effects of IFN-alpha/beta against virus infections.
Argyroside from Argyreia nervosa Seeds. (2003)

The phytochemical investigation of the seeds of Argyreia nervosa has resulted in the isolation of a new steroidal glycoside, (24R)-ergost-5-en-11-oxo-3beta-ol-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, designated as argyroside. The structure has been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
Optimizing Engineered Heart Tissue for Therapeutic Applications as Surrogate Heart Muscle (2006)

Simulating a native heart cell environment in EHTs leads to improved function and formation of primitive capillaries. The latter may constitute a preformed vascular bed in vitro and facilitate engraftment in vivo. Serum- and Matrigel-free culture conditions are expected to reduce immunogenicity of EHT. Fusion of single-unit EHT allows production of large heart muscle constructs that may eventually serve as optimized tissue grafts in cardiac regeneration in vivo.
Targeted Deletion of the Cytosolic Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Gene (<i>Sod1</i>) Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (1999)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, peroxide and hydroxyl radicals are generated during normal cellular metabolism and are increased in acute injury and in many chronic disease states. When their production is inadequately regulated, ROS accumulate and irreversibly damage cell components, causing impaired cellular function and death. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) play a vital role in minimizing ROS levels and ROS-mediated damage. The cytosolic form of Cu/Zn-SOD appears specialized to remove superoxide produced as a result of injury. 'Knockout' mice with targeted deletion of Sod1, the gene that codes for Cu/Zn-SOD, develop normally but show enhanced susceptibility to central nervous system injury. Since loud noise is injurious to the cochlea and is associated with elevated cochlear ROS, we hypothesized that Sod1 knockout mice would be more susceptible to noise-induced permanent threshold shifts (PTS) than wild-type and heterozygous control mice. Fifty-nine mice (15 knockout, 29 heterozygous and 15 wild type for Sod1) were exposed to broad-band noise (4.0-45.0 kHz) at 110 dB SPL for 1 h. Hearing sensitivity was evaluated at 5, 10, 20 and 40 kHz using auditory brainstem responses before exposure and 1, 14 and 28 days afterward. Cu/Zn-SOD deficiency led to minor (0-7 dB) threshold elevations prior to noise exposure, and about 10 dB of additional noise-induced PTS at all test frequencies, compared to controls. The distribution of thresholds at 10 and 20 kHz at 28 days following exposure contained three modes, each showing an effect of Cu/Zn-SOD deficiency. Thus another factor, possibly an additional unlinked gene, may account for the majority of the observed PTS. Our results indicate that genes involved in ROS regulation can impact the vulnerability of the cochlea to noise-induced hearing loss.
Structural characterization of porcine enteropeptidase. (1994)

Enteropeptidase (EC 3.4.21.9) is a key enzyme in the intestinal digestion cascade responsible for the conversion of trypsinogen to trypsin, which then activates various pancreatic zymogens. In order to structurally characterize the enzyme, we purified the enzyme from porcine duodenal mucosa and showed that it consists of three polypeptide chains, which we named "mini" chain (M chain), light chain (L chain), and heavy chain (H chain) in order of increasing molecular size. Based on their NH2-terminal sequences, a cDNA clone for porcine enteropeptidase was isolated and analyzed. The clone was 3597 base pairs long, which encoded 1034 amino acid residues of a single-chain precursor form of enteropeptidase. The precursor contained an additional NH2-terminal 51-residue sequence including a putative internal signal sequence, followed by the M chain (66 residues), the H chain (682 residues), and the L chain (235 residues) in that order. The H chain had regions partially homologous in sequence with low density lipoprotein receptor and complement components. On the other hand, the L chain was highly homologous with the catalytic domains of trypsin-like serine proteinases. The structural model of the L chain suggests that the sequence, Arg885-Arg-Arg-Lys888, is probably involved in the unique substrate specificity of the enzyme, preferring acidic amino acid residues at the P2-P5 sites.
Variable-rate Retransmissions for Incremental Redundancy Hybrid ARQ (2012)

The throughput achievable in truncated Hybrid ARQ protocol (HARQ) using incremental redundancy (IR) in analyzed when transmitting over a block-fading channel whose state is unknown at the transmitter. We allow the transmission lengths to vary, optimize them efficiently via dynamic programming, and show that such a variable-rate HARQ-IR provides gains with respect to a fixed-rate transmission in terms of increased throughput and decreased average number of transmissions, reducing at the same time the outage probability.
EL5, a rice N‐acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor‐responsive RING‐H2 finger protein, is a ubiquitin ligase which functions in vitro in co‐operation with an elicitor‐responsive ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme, OsUBC5b (2002)

EL5, a rice gene responsive to N-acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor, encodes a RING-H2 finger protein with structural features common to the plant-specific ATL family. We show that the fusion protein of EL5 with maltose binding protein (MBP) was polyubiquitinated by incubation with ubiquitin, ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), and the Ubc4/5 subfamily of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2). EL5 possesses the activity to catalyse the transfer of ubiquitin to the MBP moiety, and the RING-H2 finger motif of EL5 is necessary for this activity. Thus, we concluded that EL5 represents a ubiquitin ligase (E3). We also show that two rice E2s (OsUBC5a, OsUBC5b) of the Ubc4/5 subfamily function as E2 which catalyses EL5-mediated ubiquitination, and OsUBC5b was induced by elicitor, as well as EL5. These results strongly suggest that EL5 and OsUBC5b have roles in plant defense response through the turnover of protein(s) via the ubiquitin/proteasome system.
Application of Chemical-Mechanical Polishing to Planarization of Surface-Micromachined Devices (1996)

We discuss the CMP process and present examples of the use of CMP in fabricating MEMS devices such as microengines, pressure sensors, and proof masses for accelerometers along with its use for monolithically integrating MEMS devices with microelectronics.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Purification and some properties (1978)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was purified from rabbit small intestine to apparent homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analytical ultracentrifugation. The native enzyme was a monomeric protein of a molecular weight of 41,000 +/- 1,000 with an s020,w value of 3.45 S. It had a relative abundance of hydrophobic amino acids such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine, and contained approximately 5% carbohydrate by weight. The estimated content of sugar residues per mol of enzyme was: galactose, 1.2; mannose, 2.6; N-acetylglucosamine, 5.2; and sialic acid, 0.8. One mole of enzyme had 0.8 mol of protoheme IX as a prosthetic group. However, copper was not detected in a significant amount and the ratio of copper to heme was less than 0.03. EPR spectra of the nitric oxide complex of the ferrous enzyme indicated that a nitrogen atom, possibly in an imidazole group, might be coordinated as the fifth ligand of the heme coenzyme. The anisotropic g values were gx = 2.08, gy = 1.98, and gz = 2.01. A single enzyme protein catalyzed the oxygenative ring cleavage of D- and L-tryptophan, D- and L-5-hydroxytryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. In addition, the purified enzyme had a peroxidase activity with guaiacol and potassium iodide as hydrogen donors, but not a catalase activity.
HALO: an efficient global placement strategy for standard cells (1992)

A standard cell placement procedure that is based on an efficient global placement strategy, called HALO (hierarchical alternating liner ordering), is proposed. This method generates a global 2D placement of circuit modules by hierarchical application of linear ordering in an alternating direction. The HALO global placement procedure is followed by a detailed placement procedure which consists of row assignment, feed-through cell assignment and intrarow cell assignment steps. Experimental results on two benchmark circuits, primary1 and primary2, consisting of 752 and 2907 cells, have shown decreases of the half-perimeter routing lengths by 7% and 24%, respectively, compared with the best available results obtained so far. Total CPU time, including the subsequent detailed placement, was less than half that of previously published work.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Heavy Particles in the Treatment of Acromegaly, Cushing's Disease, and Nelson's Syndrome. (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Heavy Particles in the Treatment of Acromegaly, Cushing's Disease, and Nelson's Syndrome.John H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.John H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-859_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPituitary disorders, including acromegaly, Cushing's disease, Nelson's syndrome and chromophobe adenoma, have been treated with 910-Mev alpha particles. By using their special radiobiological properties the known resistance of the pituitary to conventional externally delivered radiations (X or gamma rays) has been overcome, and a sufficiently large amount of energy has been delivered to the hyperplastic or adenomatous pituitary without damaging surrounding vital structures and without entering the cranial cavity. During the past 14 years 153 patients with acromegaly were successfully treated, achieving a relief symptoms and signs and a return to normal of elevated growth hormone levels and of other... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Berkeley, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 859-859KeywordsAcromegalyAdenomasGrowth hormoneSigns and symptoms Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...