gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linker-insertion nonsense and restriction-site deletion mutations of the gB glycoprotein gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (1987)

To study the effects of missense, nonsense, and deletion mutations of the gB glycoprotein gene of herpes simplex virus type 1, a gB-transformed cell line was isolated that, after virus infection, would express sufficient quantities of gB from the cellular chromosome to complement temperature-sensitive gB mutants. The transformed cell line was then used as a permissive cell to transfer two gB mutations from plasmid to viral DNA. One of the mutants, K082, harbored an HpaI linker insertion that introduced one new amino acid and a chain terminator codon within amino acid residue 43. The other mutant contained a 969-base-pair deletion in a part of the gene that includes the membrane-spanning region; a correspondingly shorter gB polypeptide was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis after immunoprecipitation of infected-cell extracts with four pooled monoclonal antibodies. No polypeptide was observed from K082-infected cells. The shortened gB polypeptide was efficiently processed and secreted into the growth medium. Each of the four monoclonal antibodies precipitated full-length gB, and three of the four precipitated the shortened polypeptide. Enveloped virus particles could be purified after infection of nonpermissive cells with either mutant virus. Virus particles appeared to possess normal polypeptide and glycopeptide profiles except for the absence of gB. Therefore, the presence of gB is not essential for viral assembly, including envelopment. Recombinants in virus stocks grown on the gB-transformed cells occurred at frequencies on the order of 10(-7) to 10(-5), compared with a frequency of approximately 10(-2) in mixed infections with the two mutants.
In vitro adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to human intestinal epithelial cells from mucosal biopsies (1984)

An adhesion assay with isolated human enterocytes prepared from duodenal biopsies has been developed and tested by using human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli expressing colonization factor antigens I and II (CFA/I and CFA/II) and type 1 fimbriae. Enterotoxigenic E. coli strains H10407 (CFA/I) and B2C (CFA/II) bound to duodenal enterocytes to a much greater extent (mean of 4.6 and 4.0 bacteria per brush border) than did strain H10407P, a CFA/I- mutant of H10407 (mean of 0.1 bacteria per brush border). Type 1 fimbriae also promoted adhesion of strain H10407P to duodenal enterocytes but attachment was to basolateral rather than brush border surfaces. CFA/I and CFA/II, on the other hand, promoted adhesion only to human enterocyte brush borders.
Pacing in heart failure: improved ventricular interaction in diastole rather than systolic re-synchronization (2000)

Left ventricular pacing acutely benefits congestive heart failure patients with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure > 15 mmHg irrespective of left bundle branch block. The present data suggest that the mechanism of response may be an improvement in left ventricular filling rather than ventricular systolic re-synchronization.
Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology: A Physiologic Severity Index for Neonatal Intensive Care (1993)

The substantial variation in birth weight-adjusted mortality among neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) may reflect differences in population illness severity. Development of an illness severity measure is essential for comparisons of outcomes. The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology (SNAP) was developed and validated prospectively on 1643 admissions (114 deaths) in three NICUs. SNAP scores the worst physiologic derangements in each organ system in the first 24 hours. SNAP showed little correlation with birth weight and was highly predictive of neonatal mortality even within narrow birth weight strata. It was capable of separating patients into groups with 2 to 20 times higher mortality risk. It also correlated highly with other indicators of severity including nursing workload (r = .59), therapeutic intensity (r = .78), physician estimates of mortality risk (r = .65), and length of stay (R2 = .59). SNAP is an important new tool for NICU research.
Porphyrins. XXXI. Chemical properties and electronic spectra of d0 transition-metal complexes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPorphyrins. XXXI. Chemical properties and electronic spectra of d0 transition-metal complexesMartin Gouterman, Louise Karle Hanson, Gamal E. Khalil, Johann W. Buchler, Klaus Rohbock, and David DolphinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 11, 3142–3149Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00844a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00844a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views462Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differential modulation of the TRAIL receptors and the CD95 receptor in colon carcinoma cell lines (2003)

Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and CD95 ligand (CD95L) are potent inducers of apoptosis in various tumour cell types. Death receptors DR4 and DR5 can induce and decoy receptors DcR1 and DcR2 can inhibit TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. The study aim was to investigate whether anticancer agents can modulate similarly TRAIL-receptor and CD95 membrane expression and TRAIL and CD95L sensitivity. Three colon carcinoma cell lines (Caco-2, Colo320 and SW948) were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin or interferon-gamma. TRAIL-receptor and CD95 membrane expression was determined flow cytometrically. Sensitivity to TRAIL or CD95L agonistic anti-CD95 antibody was determined with cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays. SW948 showed highest TRAIL sensitivity. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide decreased FLICE-like inhibitory protein levels in all cell lines, and the TRAIL-resistant cell lines Caco-2 and Colo320 became sensitive for TRAIL. Exposure of the cell lines to 5-FU, cisplatin and interferon-gamma left TRAIL-receptor membrane expression and TRAIL sensitivity unaffected. CD95 membrane expression and anti-CD95 sensitivity was, however, modulated by the same drugs in all lines. Cisplatin and interferon-gamma raised CD95 membrane levels 6-8-fold, interferon-gamma also increased anti-CD95 sensitivity. These results indicate that the CD95 and TRAIL pathways use different mechanisms to respond to various anticancer agents. Induced CD95 membrane upregulation was associated with increased anti-CD95 sensitivity, whereas no upregulation of TRAIL-receptor membrane expression or TRAIL sensitisation could be established. For optimal use of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis for cancer therapy in certain tumours, downregulation of intracellular inhibiting factors may be required.
Sensitivity limits of a tunable diode laser spectrometer, with application to the detection of NO_2 at the 100-ppt level (1980)

A laser absorption spectrometer is described which uses a tunable diode laser and a 1-m multipass White cell to detect NO(2) in air with a sensitivity of better than 100 ppt. The modulation techniques employed to achieve this sensitivity are described in detail, and the noise mechanisms, which currently limit the detectable absorption coefficients to greater, similar 10(-7) m(-1), are examined.
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine samples by nucleic acid tests: comparison with culture and enzyme immunoassay of genital swab specimens (1997)

Two commercially available nucleic acid-based tests, ligase chain reaction (LCR; Abbott Laboratories) and PCR (Roche Diagnostics), for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in male and female urine samples were compared with culture and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Microtrak; Syva) for C. trachomatis detection in genital samples. The samples were collected from 1,005 patients who attended a sexually transmitted disease clinic. In this study population, the prevalence of the infection was 4%. Specimens which were reactive in any of the tests were retested with a different PCR test using primers directed against the major outer membrane protein gene. With a "gold standard" of a positive culture, or any other positive test result if it was confirmed by an independent test, the Roche PCR (95% sensitive, 99.9% specific) was more sensitive than the LCR (75% sensitive, 100% specific) (chi2, P < 0.0001) while both tests were more sensitive than culture (58% sensitive, 100% specific) or EIA (45% sensitive, 100% specific) (chi2, P < 0.001). The Roche PCR and Abbott LCR tests of urine identified 65% and 30% more positive patients, respectively, than did testing by culture of urethral or cervical specimens. Nucleic acid testing of urine specimens for C. trachomatis is a more sensitive and convenient method for the detection of genital infection.
Progress towards improving antiviral therapy for hepatitis C with hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitors. Part I: Nucleoside analogues (2009)

Early clinical data for several nucleosides targeted to HCV Pol indicate marked antiviral effects and a likelihood of relatively slow HCV resistance, consistent with the profile of nucleosidic inhibitors of HIV and hepatitis B virus infection and supporting potentially important roles for nucleoside agents in optimizing combination therapies for HCV infection. Optimally effective future anti-HCV therapies are likely to be based on multi-class treatment regimens combining polymerase and PIs, together with pegylated interferon and ribavirin or pharmaceutical agents from other mechanistic classes.
IMMUNOTHERAPY OF BLADDER CANCER TARGETING P53 (1999)

The overall response of the human bladder tumors in the SCID mouse model suggests the possibility of targeting p53 in patients with bladder cancer.
Imbalance between IL-17A-Producing Cells and Regulatory T Cells during Ischemic Stroke (2014)

Immune responses and inflammation are key elements in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Although the involvement of IL-17A in IS has been demonstrated using animal models, the involvement of IL-17A and IL-17-secreting T cell subsets in IS patients has not been verified, and whether the balance of Treg/IL-17-secreting T cells is altered in IS patients remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that the proportion of peripheral Tregs and the levels of IL-10 and TGF- β were reduced in patients with IS compared with controls using flow cytometry (FCM), real-time PCR, and ELISA assays. However, the proportions of Th17 and γ δ T cells, the primary IL-17A-secreting cells, increased dramatically, and these effects were accompanied by increases in the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-6, and IL-1 β in IS patients. These studies suggest that the increase in IL-17A-producing cells and decrease in Treg cells might contribute to the pathogenesis of IS. Manipulating the balance between Tregs and IL-17A-producing cells might be helpful for the treatment of IS.
Serum IgG autoantibodies directed against the alpha chain of Fc epsilon RI: a selective marker and pathogenetic factor for a distinct subset of chronic urticaria patients? (1995)

While it is well established that acute allergic urticaria is caused by degranulation of skin mast cells occurring after allergen/IgE-dependent cross-linking of high affinity IgE receptors (FcepsilonRI), the pathophysiologic mechanisms operative in chronic urticaria (CU) are less well understood. Some evidence points to the existence of histamine-releasing activity in the serum of CU patients which possibly acts via triggering of FcepsilonRI. In this study, we aimed to better characterize this anti-FcepsilonRIalpha reactivity of CU patients using affinity-purified, IgE-depleted IgG fractions of such individuals (CU-IgG). Using immobilized, recombinant soluble FcepsilonRIalpha as a a reaction target for Western blot studies, we found that 12/32 (37%) CU-IgG serum samples exhibited IgG autoreactivity against FcepsilonRI- alpha. These findings were confirmed by experiments demonstrating that immunoblot-reactive, but not immunoblot-nonreactive, CU-IgG preparations precipitated the FcepsilonRIalpha from FcepsilonRI- alphagamma-transfected cells. No anti-FcepsilonRIalpha reactivity was observed in IgG fractions from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients (0/15) or healthy control individuals (CO:0/15). As opposed to the selective occurrence of IgG anti-Fc epsilon RI alpha autoantibodies in CU patients, IgG anti-IgE antibodies were detected in all groups investigated (CU: 69%; AD: 73%; CO: 26%). While both types of autoantibodies can exhibit histamine-releasing properties, not all of the autoantibodies proved to be functional in vitro. Our results indicate that the occurrence of IgG anti-FcepsilonRIalpha reactivity defines an autoimmune-mediated subentity of CU and provide a basis for the development of new diagnostic procedures and, perhaps, therapeutic strategies for this disease.
Transforming growth factor-alpha production and autoinduction in a colorectal carcinoma cell line (DiFi) with an amplified epidermal growth factor receptor gene. (1993)

The DiFi colorectal carcinoma cell line, derived from a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis, was examined for gene expression and production of the autocrine growth factor transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene expression and gene copy number. DiFi cells expressed TGF-alpha transcripts as identified on Northern (RNA) blots. Addition of TGF-alpha (10 ng/ml) or EGF (10 ng/ml) to DiFi cell cultures (lacking EGF or serum) up-regulated DiFi cell basal TGF-alpha mRNA levels, suggesting that autoinduction of TGF-alpha occurs in these cells. DiFi cell cultures in log phase growth secreted measurable amounts of TGF-alpha (347 pg/10(6) cells/24 h) into their culture medium, as determined by radioimmunoassay. DiFi cells showed strong overexpression of the EGFR gene on Northern blots relative to three other colon cancer cell lines examined. Immunoperoxidase staining showed enhanced EGFR expression in a cell subpopulation among the original (uncultured) ascitic fluid cells from which the DiFi cell line was established. This cell subpopulation was observed to expand dramatically between passages 1 and 25. Immune complex kinase assay of DiFi cells showed that EGFR were functional as determined by their ability to autophosphorylate. The EGFR gene in these cells was not found to be rearranged or genetically altered using Southern blot analysis. Dot blot analysis of DiFi cell DNA revealed EGFR gene amplification in the range of 60-80 copies/cell, which is approximately twice the copy number seen in A-431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. To our knowledge DiFi cells represent the first example of EGFR gene amplification in a colorectal adenocarcinoma. Because DiFi colorectal cancer cells uniquely show production and auto-induction of TGF-alpha in addition to amplification and overexpression of the EGFR gene, these cells represent a valuable tool for studying the role(s) of the EGFR in the regulation of tumor cell growth.
Aromatic Residue Position on the Nonpolar Face of Class A Amphipathic Helical Peptides Determines Biological Activity (2004)

The apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide 4F (Ac-DWFKAFYDKVAEKFKEAF-NH(2)), with four Phe residues on the nonpolar face of the amphipathic alpha-helix, is strongly anti-inflammatory, whereas two 3F analogs (3F(3) and 3F(14)) are not. To understand how changes in helix nonpolar face structure affect function, two additional 3F analogs, Ac-DKLKAFYDKVFEWAKEAF-NH(2) (3F-1) and Ac-DKWKAVYDKFAEAFKEFL-NH(2) (3F-2), were designed using the same amino acid composition as 3F(3) and 3F(14). The aromatic residues in 3F-1 and 3F-2 are near the polar-nonpolar interface and at the center of the nonpolar face of the helix, respectively. Like 4F, but in contrast to 3F(3) and 3F(14), these peptides effectively inhibited lytic peptide-induced hemolysis, oxidized phospholipid-induced monocyte chemotaxis, and scavenged lipid hydroperoxides from low density lipoprotein. High pressure liquid chromatography retention times and monolayer exclusion pressures indicated that there is no direct correlation of peptide function with lipid affinity. Fluorescence studies suggested that, although the peptides bind phospholipids similarly, the Trp residue in 4F, 3F-1, and 3F-2 is less motionally restricted than in 3F(3) and 3F(14). Based on these results and molecular modeling studies, we propose that the arrangement of aromatic residues in class A amphipathic helical molecules regulates entry of reactive oxygen species into peptide-phospholipid complexes, thereby reducing the extent of monocyte chemotaxis, an important step in atherosclerosis.
Platelet quality after 15‐day storage of platelet concentrates prepared from buffy coats and stored in a glucose‐free crystalloid medium (1992)

It has been reported previously that platelet concentrates (PCs) prepared from buffy coat pools diluted in a simple, glucose-free medium (BC-PCs) are effective in thrombocytopenic patients after 4 to 12 days of storage. Such preparations produce platelet increments similar to those of traditional PCs prepared from platelet-rich plasma (PRP-PCs) stored for 1 to 3 days. The purpose of this study was to obtain a series of in vitro measurements during storage to allow a more detailed characterization of BC-PCs and a more detailed comparison of BC-PCs with PRP-PCs. At the beginning of storage, the level of (alpha granule membrane protein-140 (GMP-140), a marker of platelet activation, was significantly higher on PRP-PC platelets, and BC-PCs were superior in measurements reflecting platelet function, such as osmotic reversal, ATP release, and aggregation with collagen. Compared to PRP-PCs, BC-PCs were superior in the percentage of discs, total ATP, and glycoprotein lb expression by Day 7. This superiority became more striking on Day 11. Overall, 15-day-old BC-PCs compared favorably to 7-day old PRP-PCs: BC-PCs were superior in ATP release and aggregation with collagen, but they were not significantly different for all other measurements reflecting platelet quality and function. Thus, the quality of platelets in BC-PCs was superior on Day 1, and this superiority progressed as storage continued. In addition, the metabolism of BC-PCs was favorable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Maximizing Drill Rates with Real-Time Surveillance of Mechanical Specific Energy (2005)

Abstract The concept of Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) has been used effectively in lab environments to evaluate the drilling efficiency of bits. MSE analysis has also been used in a limited manner to investigate specific inefficiencies in field operations.3,4 In early 2004, the operator initiated a pilot to determine whether the concept might be used more broadly by rig-site personnel as a real-time tool to maximize the rate of penetration. The results have exceeded expectations. The average ROP on the six rigs selected for the three-month pilot was increased by 133% and new field records were established on 10 of 11 wells. The MSE surveillance process provides the ability to detect changes in the efficiency of the drilling system, more or less continuously. This has improved performance by 1) allowing the optimum operating parameters to be identified easily, and 2) providing the quantitative data needed to cost-justify design changes to extend the current limits of the system. MSE analysis has resulted in redesign in areas as diverse as well control practices, bit selection, BHA design, makeup torque, directional target sizing and motor differential ratings. The use of MSE surveillance is a key feature in a family of well planning and operational practices that are referred to as the ExxonMobil Fast Drill Process (FDP). These are now being introduced in other operating areas throughout the global organization.
Vaccinia virus-mediated expression of wild-type p53 suppresses glioma cell growth and induces apoptosis. (1999)

The use of vaccinia virus vectors for cancer gene therapy may become a powerful method to achieve efficient anti-tumor effects. We used recombinant vaccinia virus expressing wild-type p53 (rVV-p53) to examine the biological effects of exogenous tumor suppressor p53 in human (U-373MG, U-87MG, LN-Z308) and rat glioma cells (9L, C6) in vitro. All glioma cell lines infected with rVV-p53 exhibited growth inhibition and underwent apoptosis as demonstrated by morphological studies using nuclear staining and flow cytometry. The key role of p53 in cell growth inhibition was confirmed as measured by colony forming efficiency. Growth inhibition and apoptosis were independent of the endogenous p53 status of the glioma cell lines.
Liquid-chromatographic determination of urinary glycosaminoglycans for differential diagnosis of genetic mucopolysaccharidoses. (1986)

Glycosaminoglycans in urine from patients with various mucopolysaccharidoses were digested with chondroitin ABC lyase (EC 4.2.2.4) or chondroitin AC lyase (EC 4.2.2.5), then converted into fluorescent pyridylamino derivatives and analyzed by "high-performance" liquid chromatography. Chromatograms of the chondroitin ABC lyase digests of samples from nine patients with Hunter's syndrome all showed a major peak for unsaturated disaccharide-4-sulfate, derived from dermatan sulfate, and another specific but unidentified peak (peak x). All samples from patients with Hurler's and Scheie's syndromes contained another specific component (peak y), besides the disaccharide-4-sulfate. A sample from a patient with Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome showed peaks for N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfate and the disaccharide-4-sulfate, but neither peak x nor peak y. A sample from a patient with Morquio's disease showed a much higher ratio of the 6-sulfate to 4-sulfate than in other diseases, and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate was detected. We tentatively identified peaks x and y as the pyridylamino derivatives of 2-O-sulfo-L-idosyluronic acid 4-O-sulfo-N-acetylgalactosamine and L-idosyluronic acid 4-O-sulfo-N-acetylgalactosamine, respectively. This method may be useful in differential diagnosis.
Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Versus Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin in Advanced or Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Results of a Large, Randomized, Multinational, Multicenter, Phase III Study (2000)

GC provides a similar survival advantage to MVAC with a better safety profile and tolerability. This better-risk benefit ratio should change the standard of care for patients with locally advanced and metastatic TCC from MVAC to GC.