gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Identification of Urinary Biomarkers of Diabetic Nephropathy (2007)

These data demonstrate the ability of proteomic analyses to reveal potential biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy in urine, an important step forward in advancing accurate diagnosis and our understanding of disease mechanisms.
Targeted drug-delivery approaches by nanoparticulate carriers in the therapy of inflammatory diseases (2009)

Limitations in therapy induced by adverse effects due to unselective drug availability and therefore the use of potentially too high doses are a common problem. One prominent example for this dilemma are inflammatory diseases. Colloidal carriers allow one to improve delivery of drugs to the site of action and appear promising to overcome this general therapeutic drawback. Specific uptake of nanoparticles by immune-related cells in inflamed barriers offers selective drug targeting to the inflamed tissue. Here we focus on nanocarrier-based drug delivery strategies for the treatment of common inflammatory disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, uveitis or inflammatory bowel disease.
A practical analytic model for daylight (1999)

Sunlight and skylight are rarely rendered correctly in computer graphics. A major reason for this is high computational expense. Another is that precise atmospheric data is rarely available. We present an inexpensive analytic model that approximates full spectrum daylight for various atmospheric conditions. These conditions are parameterized using terms that users can either measure or estimate. We also present an inexpensive analytic model that approximates the effects of atmosphere (aerial perspective). These models are fielded in a number of conditions and intermediate results verified against standard literature from atmospheric science. Our goal is to achieve as much accuracy as possible without sacrificing usability.
Passage of Fluid and Other Substances Through the Nasal Mucosa (1958)

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Enantioselective Synthesis of Stephacidin B (2005)

We describe an enantioselective synthetic route to the antiproliferative alkaloid stephacidin B (1) proceeding in 18 steps and 4.0% yield from 4,4-(ethylenedioxy)-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanone (3). Key features of the synthetic sequence include the use of the Corey-Bakshi-Shibata (CBS) reduction to introduce asymmetry early in the synthetic route, use of the novel electrophile N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5-(isopropylsulfonyloxymethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrole in a stereoselective enolate alkylation, a diastereoselective Strecker-type addition of hydrogen cyanide to an N-Boc enamine substrate in the solvent hexafluoroisopropanol, platinum-catalyzed nitrile hydrolysis under neutral conditions, cyclization of an acylamino radical intermediate to form the diketopiperazine core of stephacidin B, and implementation of a convergent procedure for introduction of the key 3-alkylidene-3H-indole 1-oxide functional group in the final stage of the route to prepare the structure 2, previously proposed to be the fungal metabolite avrainvillamide (17 steps, 4.2% yield). We observed that synthetic (-)-2 dimerized in the presence of triethylamine to form (+)-stephacidin B (>95%). We also obtained evidence that 2 can form 1 under mild conditions, and that 2 reacts with nucleophiles, such as methanol, by conjugate addition.
Plant Callus: Mechanisms of Induction and Repression (2013)

Plants develop unorganized cell masses like callus and tumors in response to various biotic and abiotic stimuli. Since the historical discovery that the combination of two growth-promoting hormones, auxin and cytokinin, induces callus from plant explants in vitro, this experimental system has been used extensively in both basic research and horticultural applications. The molecular basis of callus formation has long been obscure, but we are finally beginning to understand how unscheduled cell proliferation is suppressed during normal plant development and how genetic and environmental cues override these repressions to induce callus formation. In this review, we will first provide a brief overview of callus development in nature and in vitro and then describe our current knowledge of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying callus formation.
Development of a Broadly Accessible Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replicon Particle Vaccine Platform (2018)

Zoonotic viruses circulate as swarms in animal reservoirs and can emerge into human populations, causing epidemics that adversely affect public health. Portable, safe, and effective vaccine platforms are needed in the context of these outbreak and emergence situations. In this work, we report the generation and characterization of an alphavirus replicon vaccine platform based on a non-select agent, attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus vaccine, strain 3526 (VRP 3526). Using both noroviruses and coronaviruses as model systems, we demonstrate the utility of the VRP 3526 platform in the generation of recombinant proteins, production of virus-like particles, and <i>in vivo</i> efficacy as a vaccine against emergent viruses. Importantly, packaging under biosafety level 2 (BSL2) conditions distinguishes VRP 3526 from previously reported alphavirus platforms and makes this approach accessible to the majority of laboratories around the world. In addition, improved outcomes in the vulnerable aged models as well as against heterologous challenge suggest improved efficacy compared to that of previously attenuated VRP approaches. Taking these results together, the VRP 3526 platform represents a safe and highly portable system that can be rapidly deployed under BSL2 conditions for generation of candidate vaccines against emerging microbial pathogens.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> While VEE virus replicon particles provide a robust, established platform for antigen expression and vaccination, its utility has been limited by the requirement for high-containment-level facilities for production and packaging. In this work, we utilize an attenuated vaccine strain capable of use at lower biocontainment level but retaining the capacity of the wild-type replicon particle. Importantly, the new replicon platform provides equal protection for aged mice and following heterologous challenge, which distinguishes it from other attenuated replicon platforms. Together, the new system represents a highly portable, safe system for use in the context of disease emergence.
Simultaneous Blockade of Multiple Immune System Inhibitory Checkpoints Enhances Antitumor Activity Mediated by Interleukin-15 in a Murine Metastatic Colon Carcinoma Model (2010)

Combining the immune stimulatory properties of IL-15 with the simultaneous removal of 2 critical immune system inhibitory checkpoints, we showed enhancement of immune responses leading to increased antitumor activity.
Dumbbell-Shaped Nanocircular RNAs for RNA Interference (2007)

We designed and synthesized dumbbell-shaped nanocircular RNAs for RNA interference applications, which consist of a stem and two loops. RNA dumbbells are specifically recognized and cleaved by the human Dicer enzyme and are thus transformed into double-stranded RNA in cells, although this RNA is resistant to degradation in serum. The structure was optimized to maximize its RNAi activity. The most potent activity was achieved when the stem length was 23 base pairs. The RNAi activity is prolonged by the shape of the molecule, an endless structure, compared with that of normal siRNA.
Explicit window adaptation: a method to enhance TCP performance (2002)

We study the performance of TCP in an internetwork consisting of both rate-controlled and nonrate-controlled segments. A common example of such an environment occurs when the end systems are part of IP datagram networks interconnected by a rate-controlled segment, such as an ATM network using the available bit rate (ABR) service. In the absence of congestive losses in either segment, TCP keeps increasing its window to its maximum size. Mismatch between the TCP window and the bandwidth-delay product of the network results in accumulation of large queues and possibly buffer overflows in the devices at the edges of the rate-controlled segment, causing degraded throughput and unfairness. We develop an explicit feedback scheme, called explicit window adaptation, based on modifying the receiver's advertised window in TCP acknowledgments returning to the source. The window size indicated to TCP is a function of the free buffer in the edge device. Results from simulations with a wide range of traffic scenarios show that this explicit window adaptation scheme can control the buffer occupancy efficiently at the edge device, and results in significant improvements in packet loss rate, fairness, and throughput over a packet discard policy such as random early detection (RED).
Gene correction in hematopoietic progenitor cells by homologous recombination (2000)

Homologous recombination (gene targeting) has many desirable features for gene therapy, because it can precisely correct mutant genes and restore their normal expression, and random nonhomologous integration of DNA is infrequent in cells in which homologous recombination has occurred. There are, however, no reports of attempts to use homologous recombination to correct mutant genes in normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are prime cells for therapy of a variety of hematological and other conditions, presumably because of their low abundance and uncertainty that homologous recombination can occur at a usable frequency in these cells. The experiments reported here encourage optimism in this respect by demonstrating targeted correction of a defective hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene in hematopoietic progenitor cells that can form colonies in methylcellulose culture. These clonogenic cells are in the same lineage as HSCs but are more abundant and more mature and so less pluripotent. Corrected colonies were identified by their survival in selective medium after electroporation of correcting DNA into unfractionated mouse bone marrow cells and were confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing. The observed frequency (4.4 +/- 3.3 x 10(-5) per treated clonogenic cell) is the same as in embryonic stem cells (2.3 +/- 0.4 x 10(-5)) with the same DNA and mutation. These data suggest that gene targeting to correct mutant genes eventually will prove feasible in HSCs capable of long-term bone marrow reconstitution.
An algorithm for protein secondary structure prediction based on class prediction (1987)

An algorithm has been developed to improve the success rate in the prediction of the secondary structure of proteins by taking into account the predicted class of the proteins. This method has been called the 'double prediction method' and consists of a first prediction of the secondary structure from a new algorithm which uses parameters of the type described by Chou and Fasman, and the prediction of the class of the proteins from their amino acid composition. These two independent predictions allow one to optimize the parameters calculated over the secondary structure database to provide the final prediction of secondary structure. This method has been tested on 59 proteins in the database (i.e. 10,322 residues) and yields 72% success in class prediction, 61.3% of residues correctly predicted for three states (helix, sheet and coil) and a good agreement between observed and predicted contents in secondary structure.
Novel Approach for Assessing Performance of PCR Cyclers Used for Diagnostic Testing (2005)

As part of a large international project for validation and standardization of PCR, the influence of thermocyclers on PCR was tested. Six brand-new, Peltier technology-driven 96-well thermocyclers were subjected to a novel and stringent in-tube (not block) physical testing. The temperature was directly monitored in PCR tubes containing 50 microl of distilled water at 13 different block positions. The certified temperature accuracy of the measurement system was +/-0.3 degrees C. Finally, the results of the physical testing were compared to those of an amplification efficiency study running an in-house PCR assay. The cyclers did not perform within the manufacturer's specification. Premature timing, under- and overshooting, and spatial variation of heat transfer were found to be the critical factors. The physical testing allowed us to distinguish accurate from less-accurate (2/6) cyclers. The lack of thermal homogeneities became most evident at the denaturation level during the first 15 s. At the time point zero, the accurate cyclers showed temperature deviations of 0.5 to 1.5 degrees C, whereas less-accurate cyclers failed to reach the set temperature by 13 to 20 degrees C. Consequently, the two less-accurate cyclers could not gain positive PCR results by running an in-house PCR assay. However, by modifying the original temperature protocol by increasing the denaturation temperature and time, the amplification efficiency of these two cyclers could be improved significantly. The results have implication for laboratories using diagnostic PCR testing.
Update on adenovirus and its vectors (2000)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Human Mannose-binding Lectin in Immunity (2004)

Human mannose-binding lectin (MBL) recognizes a wide range of microorganisms and triggers the most ancient pathway of complement activation. However, approximately 5% of individuals lack functional serum MBL and have not been found to be prone to severe infections in prospective studies. These data suggest that human MBL is largely redundant for protective immunity and may even have been subject to counter selection because of a deleterious impact.
Genetically Engineered Wine Yeast Produces a High Concentration of l -Lactic Acid of Extremely High Optical Purity (2005)

For mass production of lactic acid, we newly constructed a transgenic wine yeast strain that included six copies of the bovine L-lactate dehydrogenase gene on the genome. On fermentation in inexpensive cane juice-based medium, L-lactate production of this recombinant reached 122 g/liter and the optical purity was 99.9% or higher.
Review of the Mechanism of Action and Clinical Efficacy of Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase Coadministration with Current Prandial Insulin Formulations (2010)

For patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, achieving good glycemic control is critical for successful treatment outcomes. As many patients remain unable to reach glycemic goals with currently available rapid-acting analog insulins, ultrafast insulin products are being developed that provide an even faster pharmacokinetic profile compared with current rapid prandial insulin products. The overall strategy of these ultrafast insulin products is to better mimic the normal physiologic response to insulin that occurs in healthy individuals to further improve glycemic control. Recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20) is a genetically engineered soluble hyaluronidase approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an adjuvant to increase the absorption and dispersion of other injected drugs; mammalian hyaluronidases as a class have over 6 decades of clinical use supporting the safety and/or efficacy of hyaluronidase coadministration. Clinical findings have demonstrated that coadministration of rHuPH20 with insulin or an insulin analog achieved faster systemic absorption, reduced inter- and intrapatient variability of insulin absorption, and achieved faster metabolic effects compared with injection of either insulin formulation alone. The magnitude of this acceleration is similar to the incrementally faster absorption of prandial insulin analogs as compared with regular insulin. In addition, coadministration of rHuPH20 with regular insulin or insulin analog also improved the achievement of prandial glycemic targets. Thus, rHuPH20 coadministration shows promise as a method of establishing a more rapid insulin profile to prandial insulin in patients with diabetes and has the potential to yield substantial improvements in postprandial glycemic excursion.
The Role of AlF3 Coatings in Improving Electrochemical Cycling of Li‐Enriched Nickel‐Manganese Oxide Electrodes for Li‐Ion Batteries (2012)

A Li[Li(0.19)Ni(0.16)Co(0.08)Mn(0.57)]O(2) cathode was coated with AlF(3) on the surface. The AlF(3)-coating enhanced the overall electrochemical characteristics of the electrode while overcoming the typical shortcomings of lithium-enriched cathodes. This improvement was attributed to the transformation of the initial electrode layer to a spinel phase, induced by the Li chemical leaching effect of the AlF(3) coating layer.
Genetics of Atopic Dermatitis (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Structural Transformation in Ceria Nanoparticles during Redox Processes (2009)

Using an environmental transmission electron microscope, we followed and characterized the in situ atomic-level redox processes in individual ceria nanoparticles. This is a critical step to understand the redox functionality of catalytically active ceria-based oxide supports in many applications of catalysis. The dynamic redox processes were monitored by simultaneous determination of the structure and chemistry by using high-resolution imaging, electron diffraction, and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). For crystallites with an average size of 20 nm, oxygen vacancies present in the reduced ceria undergo rapid ordering leading to the immediate formation of Ce2O3. The reduced ceria has C-type structure in which the lattice parameter is doubled compare to that of the parent fluorite phase. The structural transformation is easily reversible during reoxidation and does not appear to involve any intermediate superstructure phases. The ease of the reversibility is important because it provides the structural mechanism for the rapid storage and release of oxygen that takes place in ceria in redox applications.
Site-directed mutagenesis of the proposed catalytic amino acids of the Sindbis virus capsid protein autoprotease (1990)

The structural proteins of Sindbis virus are translated as a polyprotein precursor that is cleaved upon translation. The capsid protein is postulated to be a serine protease that releases itself from the N terminus of the nascent polyprotein by autoproteolysis. We have tested the importance in autoproteolysis of His-141, Asp-147, and Ser-215, previously postulated to form the catalytic triad of the protease, and of Asp-163. Several site-specific mutations were constructed at each of these positions, and the release of the capsid protein during translation in a cell-free system was examined. Because proteolysis occurs in cis during translation, the kinetics of release cannot be determined in this system, but the extent of proteolysis can be ascertained. Ser-215 appears to be the catalytic serine of the proteinase. Cys or Thr could substitute inefficiently for Ser-215, but substitution with Ala or Ile led to complete loss of activity. His-141 was also important for proteolysis. Substitution with Ala or Pro led to total loss of activity. Surprisingly, substitution with Arg resulted in complete proteolysis in vitro. Changes at the two Asp residues resulted in complete proteolysis of the substrate in vitro. All mutations that resulted in at least partial cleavage in vitro were incorporated into a full-length clone of Sindbis virus and an attempt was made to recover mutant virus. All changes tested were lethal for the virus except Asp-163 to Asn. Thus, production of infectious virus is either a more sensitive measure of the catalytic rate than the extent of in vitro cleavage, or these residues have necessary functions in addition to their possible role in proteolysis.
The Steroid and Thyroid Hormone Receptor Superfamily (1988)

Analyses of steroid receptors are important for understanding molecular details of transcriptional control, as well as providing insight as to how an individual transacting factor contributes to cell identity and function. These studies have led to the identification of a superfamily of regulatory proteins that include receptors for thyroid hormone and the vertebrate morphogen retinoic acid. Although animals employ complex and often distinct ways to control their physiology and development, the discovery of receptor-related molecules in a wide range of species suggests that mechanisms underlying morphogenesis and homeostasis may be more ubiquitous than previously expected.
A Toolkit for Addressing HCI Issues in Visual Language Environments (2005)

As noted almost a decade ago, HCI (human-computer interaction) aspects of visual language environments are under-developed. This remains a fact, in spite of the central role played by user interfaces in the acceptance and usability of visual languages. We introduce ZVTM, a toolkit aimed at promoting the development of HCI aspects of visual environments by making the creation of interactive structured graphical editors easier, while favoring the rapid integration of novel interaction techniques such as zoomable user interfaces, distortion lenses, superimposed layers, and alternate scrolling and pointing methods.