gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Periostin is up-regulated in high grade and high stage prostate cancer (2010)

Our data indicate that periostin up-regulation is related to increased tumour aggressiveness in prostate cancer and might be a promising target for therapeutical interventions in primary and metastatic prostate cancer.
Isolation and characterization of DNA sequences amplified in multidrug-resistant hamster cells. (1986)

The mechanism by which mammalian cells acquire resistance to chemotherapeutic agents has been investigated by using molecular genetic techniques. LZ and C5, two independently derived multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster cell lines, share specific amplified DNA sequences. We demonstrate that commonly amplified DNA sequences reside in a contiguous domain of approximately equal to 120 kilobases (kb). We report the isolation of this DNA domain in cosmid clones and show that the level of amplification of the domain is correlated with the level of resistance in multidrug-resistant cell lines. The organization of the amplified domain was deduced by a unique approach utilizing in-gel hybridization of cloned DNA with amplified genomic DNA. We show that the entire cloned region is amplified in adriamycin-resistant LZ cells and independently derived, colchicine-resistant C5 cells. A mRNA species of approximately equal to 5 kb is encoded by a gene located within the boundaries of this region. Genomic sequences homologous to the 5-kb mRNA span over 75 kb of the amplified DNA segment. The level of expression of this mRNA in multidrug-resistant cells is correlated with the degree of gene amplification and the degree of drug resistance. Our results strongly suggest that the 5-kb mRNA species plays a role in the mechanism of multidrug resistance common to the LZ and C5 cell lines.
Dopamine Transporter Occupancies in the Human Brain Induced by Therapeutic Doses of Oral Methylphenidate (1998)

Oral methylphenidate is very effective in blocking dopamine transporters, and at the weight-adjusted doses used therapeutically (0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg), it is likely to occupy more than 50% of the dopamine transporters. The time to reach peak brain uptake for oral methylphenidate in brain corresponds well with the reported time course to reach peak behavioral effects.
H36-alpha 7 is a novel integrin alpha chain that is developmentally regulated during skeletal myogenesis [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1992 Jul;118(1):213] (1992)

H36 is a 120,000-D membrane glycoprotein that is expressed during the differentiation of skeletal muscle. H36 cDNA clones were isolated from a lambda UniZapXR rat myotube cDNA library and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence demonstrates that H36 is a novel integrin alpha chain that shares extensive homology with other alpha integrins that includes: (a) the GFFKR sequence found in all alpha integrins; (b) a single membrane spanning region; (c) conservation of 18 of 22 cysteines; and (d) a protease cleavage site found in the non-I region integrin alpha chains. The cytoplasmic domain of H36 is unique and additional regions of nonhomology further indicate H36 is distinct from all other alpha chains. In keeping with current nomenclature we designate this alpha chain alpha 7. Northern blots demonstrate that expression of H36-alpha 7 mRNA is regulated both early in the development of the myogenic lineage and later, during terminal differentiation. Detection of H36-alpha 7 mRNA coincides with conversion of H36- myogenic precursor cells to H36+ cells. H36-alpha 7 mRNA is present in replicating myoblasts: expression increases upon terminal differentiation and is markedly reduced in developmentally defective myoblasts. In addition, H36-alpha 7 mRNA is not detected in C3H10T1/2 cells. It is in myotubes derived from myoblasts obtained by treatment of 10T1/2 cells with azacytidine or transfection with MRF4. Immunoblots and immunofluorescence demonstrate that the H36-alpha 7 chain is associated with integrin beta 1. Affinity chromatography demonstrates that H36-alpha 7 beta 1 selectively binds to laminin. The expression of H36-alpha 7 on secondary myoblasts during the development of the limb in vivo corresponds with the appearance of laminin in the limb, with the responsiveness of secondary myoblast proliferation to laminin, and with the onset of increased muscle mass, suggesting that H36-alpha 7 modulates this stage in limb development. We conclude that H36-alpha 7 is a novel alpha integrin laminin binding protein whose expression is developmentally regulated during skeletal myogenesis.
Diamondoid-structured polymolybdate-based metal–organic frameworks as high-capacity anodes for lithium-ion batteries (2017)

Two novel isostructural polyoxometalate (POM)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with diamond topology, NENU-506 and NENU-507, were hydrothermally synthesized. They not only combine the advantages of both POMs and MOFs, but also show excellent chemical and thermal stability. Notably, NENU-507 exhibited a high reversible capacity of 640 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> after 100 cycles when applied as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries.
Plant Pathogen Recognition Mediated by Promoter Activation of the Pepper Bs3 Resistance Gene (2007)

Plant disease resistance (R) proteins recognize matching pathogen avirulence proteins. Alleles of the pepper R gene Bs3 mediate recognition of the Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) type III effector protein AvrBs3 and its deletion derivative AvrBs3Deltarep16. Pepper Bs3 and its allelic variant Bs3-E encode flavin monooxygenases with a previously unknown structure and are transcriptionally activated by the Xcv effector proteins AvrBs3 and AvrBs3Deltarep16, respectively. We found that recognition specificity resides in the Bs3 and Bs3-E promoters and is determined by binding of AvrBs3 or AvrBs3Deltarep16 to a defined promoter region. Our data suggest a recognition mechanism in which the Avr protein binds and activates the promoter of the cognate R gene.
Reconstructing human pancreatic differentiation by mapping specific cell populations during development (2017)

Information remains scarce on human development compared to animal models. Here, we reconstructed human fetal pancreatic differentiation using cell surface markers. We demonstrate that at 7weeks of development, the glycoprotein 2 (GP2) marks a multipotent cell population that will differentiate into the acinar, ductal or endocrine lineages. Development towards the acinar lineage is paralleled by an increase in GP2 expression. Conversely, a subset of the GP2<sup>+</sup> population undergoes endocrine differentiation by down-regulating GP2 and CD142 and turning on <i>NEUROG3</i>, a marker of endocrine differentiation. Endocrine maturation progresses by up-regulating SUSD2 and lowering ECAD levels. Finally, in vitro differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells mimics key in vivo events. Our work paves the way to extend our understanding of the origin of mature human pancreatic cell types and how such lineage decisions are regulated.
Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTGene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug TherapyIon Niculescu-Duvaz, Robert Spooner, Richard Marais, and Caroline J. SpringerView Author Information CRC Centre for Cancer Therapeutics at the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom, and CRC Centre for Cells Molecular Biology at the Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United KingdomCite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 1998, 9, 1, 4–22Publication Date (Web):January 12, 1998Publication History Received21 June 1997Published online12 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bc970116thttps://doi.org/10.1021/bc970116treview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views628Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cells,Genetics,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Tumors Get e-Alerts
Alterations of pre‐mRNA splicing in cancer (2005)

Recent genomewide analyses of alternative splicing (AS) indicate that up to 70% of human genes may have alternative splice forms, suggesting that AS together with various posttranslational modifications plays a major role in the production of proteome complexity. Splice-site selection under normal physiological conditions is regulated in the developmental stage in a tissue type-specific manner by changing the concentrations and the activity of splicing regulatory proteins. Whereas spliceosomal errors resulting in the production of aberrant transcripts rarely occur in normal cells, they seem to be an intrinsic property of cancer cells. Changes in splice-site selection have been observed in various types of cancer and may affect genes implicated in tumor progression (for example, CD44, MDM2, and FHIT) and in susceptibility to cancer (for example, BRCA1 and APC). Splicing defects can arise from inherited or somatic mutations in cis-acting regulatory elements (splice donor, acceptor and branch sites, and exonic and intronic splicing enhancers and silencers) or variations in the composition, concentration, localization, and activity of regulatory proteins. This may lead to altered efficiency of splice-site recognition, resulting in overexpression or down-regulation of certain splice variants, a switch in splice-site usage, or failure to recognize splice sites correctly, resulting in cancer-specific splice forms. At least in some cases, changes in splicing have been shown to play a functionally significant role in tumorigenesis, either by inactivating tumor suppressors or by gain of function of proteins promoting tumor development. Moreover, cancer-specific splicing events may generate novel epitopes that can be recognized by the host's immune system as cancer specific and may serve as targets for immunotherapy. Thus, the identification of cancer-specific splice forms provides a novel source for the discovery of diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and tumor antigens suitable as targets for therapeutic intervention.
Efficacy of Topical Acyclovir Monophosphate, Acyclovir, or Penciclovir in Orofacial HSV-1 Infections of Mice and Genital HSV-2 Infections of Guinea Pigs (2000)

The purpose of these studies was to compare the efficacy of acyclovir monophosphate (ACVMP), acyclovir (ACV), or penciclovir (PCV) against HSV-1 in an orofacial infection of mice and against ACV sensitive and resistant genital HSV-2 infections of guinea pigs. Treatment was initiated 24, 48, or 72 hours post inoculation with 5% ACVMP, 5% ACV (Zovirax) or 1% PCV (Denavir). In all experiments, similar efficacy was obtained for ACVMP and ACV, whereas PCV was considerably less effective.
Isolation of low density lipoprotein from atherosclerotic vascular tissue of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. (1988)

Atherogenic properties of low density lipoproteins (LDL) in vivo may reflect modification of lipoproteins associated with endothelial translocation and exposure to extracellular matrix and interstitial fluid. To examine whether modifications of LDL occur in vivo, lipoproteins were isolated from plasma and vascular tissue of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. LDL was extracted from vascular tissue (LDL-V) by homogenization in the presence of a sodium carbonate buffer. Control experiments demonstrated that modifications did not occur under the preparative conditions used to release LDL from tissue. LDL-V contained less esterified cholesterol, but more cholesterol esters, than did LDL from plasma (LDL-P). The diameters of both LDL-V and LDL-P followed gaussian distributions, but LDL-V particles were smaller (20.3 +/- 0.1 and 26.3 +/- 0.1 nm). Mild lipid peroxidation was evident in LDL-V. The sphingomyelin content was increased in LDL-V, with less phosphatidylcholine than in LDL-P. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) indicated that apolipoprotein B was depleted in LDL-V, but Western blot analyses identified lower molecular weight proteins antigenically related to apolipoprotein B. LDL-V markedly stimulated cholesterol esterification in mouse peritoneal macrophages and also in rabbit alveolar macrophages, a cell type that did not respond to acetylated LDL. LDL-V was not recognized by cultured rabbit skin fibroblasts. Thus, LDL isolated from atherosclerotic vascular tissue in vivo was modified in a fashion that could confer atherogenic properties reflected by augmentation of cholesterol esterification in macrophages in vitro.
An Orally Bioavailable Antipoxvirus Compound (ST-246) Inhibits Extracellular Virus Formation and Protects Mice from Lethal Orthopoxvirus Challenge (2005)

ST-246 is a low-molecular-weight compound (molecular weight = 376), that is potent (concentration that inhibited virus replication by 50% = 0.010 microM), selective (concentration of compound that inhibited cell viability by 50% = >40 microM), and active against multiple orthopoxviruses, including vaccinia, monkeypox, camelpox, cowpox, ectromelia (mousepox), and variola viruses. Cowpox virus variants selected in cell culture for resistance to ST-246 were found to have a single amino acid change in the V061 gene. Reengineering this change back into the wild-type cowpox virus genome conferred resistance to ST-246, suggesting that V061 is the target of ST-246 antiviral activity. The cowpox virus V061 gene is homologous to vaccinia virus F13L, which encodes a major envelope protein (p37) required for production of extracellular virus. In cell culture, ST-246 inhibited plaque formation and virus-induced cytopathic effects. In single-cycle growth assays, ST-246 reduced extracellular virus formation by 10 fold relative to untreated controls, while having little effect on the production of intracellular virus. In vivo oral administration of ST-246 protected BALB/c mice from lethal infection, following intranasal inoculation with 10x 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) of vaccinia virus strain IHD-J. ST-246-treated mice that survived infection acquired protective immunity and were resistant to subsequent challenge with a lethal dose (10x LD(50)) of vaccinia virus. Orally administered ST-246 also protected A/NCr mice from lethal infection, following intranasal inoculation with 40,000x LD(50) of ectromelia virus. Infectious virus titers at day 8 postinfection in liver, spleen, and lung from ST-246-treated animals were below the limits of detection (<10 PFU/ml). In contrast, mean virus titers in liver, spleen, and lung tissues from placebo-treated mice were 6.2 x 10(7), 5.2 x 10(7), and 1.8 x 10(5) PFU/ml, respectively. Finally, oral administration of ST-246 inhibited vaccinia virus-induced tail lesions in Naval Medical Research Institute mice inoculated via the tail vein. Taken together, these results validate F13L as an antiviral target and demonstrate that an inhibitor of extracellular virus formation can protect mice from orthopoxvirus-induced disease.
FlexTouch® for the delivery of insulin: technical attributes and perception among patients and healthcare professionals (2012)

Insulin injection pens have improved the ease and convenience of administering insulin for people with diabetes. This article reviews the data on a new prefilled insulin pen, FlexTouch®. FlexTouch has a novel injection mechanism with no push-button extension and a lower injection force than other prefilled pens, and other features including an end-of-dose click; a large dose display; color-coded pens to distinguish different insulin types; an ergonomic design; and compatibility with both NovoTwist® needles and most screw-thread needles. FlexTouch has been demonstrated to deliver insulin consistently and accurately at minimum, half-maximum and maximum doses. In usability studies recruiting patients and healthcare professionals, FlexTouch was easier to use and instilled more confidence than other prefilled pens, and was preferred to other prefilled pens. FlexTouch was also found to be easier to use and was preferred for learning and teaching to use.
De novo design of small molecule inhibitors targeting the LEDGF/p75-HIVintegrase interaction (2011)

The integration of the viral DNA into the host genome is one of the essential steps in the HIV replication cycle. This multistep process mediated by the viral enzyme integrase (IN) allows identification and development of inhibitors targeting different integrase activities. Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75) has recently been identified as a crucial cellular co-factor of integration that acts by tethering IN to the cellular chromatin. Small molecules inhibiting the LEDGF/p75-IN interaction may become new and highly active antiretroviral therapeutic agents. In this paper we report the rational design, synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors that target the LEDGF/p75 protein and compete with IN binding. These molecules are designed to mimic the integrase alpha-3 helix, which interacts with LEDGF/p75, using pharmacophore guided scaffold replacement. The inhibitor 3-(1H-indol-3-ylthio)-N-(2-isopropoxy-6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)benzamide (CAB1) and its derivatives (CAB2–13) inhibit the LEDGF/p75-IN protein–protein interaction with moderate potency. These CAB inhibitors are the first reported example of small molecules targeting the LEDGF/p75 partner of the protein–protein interaction, in contrast to the previously reported compounds which target the integrase partner.
Protecting Kernel Code and Data with a Virtualization-Aware Collaborative Operating System (2009)

The traditional virtual machine usage model advocates placing security mechanisms in a trusted VM layer and letting the untrusted guest OS run unaware of the presence of virtualization. In this work we challenge this traditional model and propose a collaboration approach between a virtualization-aware operating system and a VM layer to prevent tampering against kernel code and data. Our integrity model is a relaxed version of Biba's and the main idea is to have all attempted writes into kernel code and data segments checked for validity at VM level. The OS-VM collaboration bridges the semantic gap between tracing low integrity objects at OS-level (files, processes, modules, allocated areas) and architecture-level (memory and registers). We have implemented this approach in a proof-of-concept prototype and have successfully tested it against 6 rootkits (including a non-control data attack) and 4 real-world benign LKM/drivers. All rootkits were prevented from corrupting kernel space and no false positive was triggered for benign modules. Performance measurements show that the average overhead to the VM for the OS-VM communication is low (7%, CPU benchmarks). The greatest overhead is caused by the memory monitoring module inside the VM: 1.38X alone and 1.46X when combined with the OS-VM communication. For OS microbenchmarks the slowdown for the OS-VM communication was 1.16X on average.
Characterisation of the Binding Sites of Anti-Parathyroid Hormone Antisera Using Synthetic Parathyroid Hormone Peptides (1982)

Four antisera raised against partly purified PTH preparations all showed a wide range of specificities when reacting with radioiodinated PTH peptides representing several different portions of the intact hormone sequence. In contrast, antisera raised against individual peptides were only able to cross-react with other peptides that contained all or part of their amino acid sequence in common. Cross-reacting peptides were seen to contain one or more amino acid residues having high interspecies variability in common. We have explained the antigenicity and cross-reactivity of the peptides on the basis of these common highly variable amino acid sequences. We have concluded that the selection of hormonal material in radioimmunoassays for PTH should be made on the basis of the highly variable amino acid residue content. This will allow a narrowing of the assay specificities and permit detection of a desired region of the PTH hormone.
Energy transfer in close-packed PbS nanocrystal films (2008)

We study the emission properties of close-packed films of PbS nanocrystals that show emission in the infrared. In time resolved photoluminescence measurements, we observe a fast decay time of $\ensuremath{\sim}400\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ps}$ and a slow component between 20 and $80\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$, depending on the temperature, which are attributed to decay from core and surface states, respectively. Photoluminescence excitation and temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements show that these states are coupled by thermal activation and energy transfer. These transfer processes efficiently replenish the core states with charge carriers from the surface states, increasing the photoluminescence yield.
Nutritional depletion in relation to respiratory and peripheral skeletal muscle function in out-patients with COPD (1994)

Although increasing attention has been paid to nutritional aspects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), limited information is available regarding the prevalence and consequences of nutritional depletion in a random out-patient COPD population. We studied body composition in relation to respiratory and peripheral skeletal muscle function in 72 COPD patients (mean (SD) forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 53 (15) % predicted), who came to the lung function laboratory for routine lung function measurements. Patients were characterized by the degree of body weight loss and fat-free mass depletion. According to this definition, 14% of the group suffered from both loss of body weight and depletion of fat-free mass, whereas 7% had one of these conditions. We found that tissue depletion was concomitant with lower values for respiratory and peripheral skeletal muscle strength (46.0 (27.2) vs 77.1 (29.8) kg), and a significantly lower transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide (KCO 64.9 (16.2) vs 81.9 (24.5) % pred). Stratification by KCO (< 60% vs > 80%) also revealed significantly lower values for fat-free mass and higher values for intrathoracic gas volumes, total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) in the group with a KCO < 60% pred. Analysis of covariance, taking fat-free mass as covariate, indicated an independent contribution of KCO on maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) but not on peripheral skeletal muscle strength. It is concluded that a substantial number of COPD out-patients suffer from nutritional depletion, preferentially affecting peripheral skeletal muscle function.
Digital in-line holography: influence of the shadow density on particle field (2004)

International audience
Isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells: bone marrow versus umbilical cord blood. (2001)

We attempted the isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord blood (UBC) in a medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10% horse serum. In the same conditions it was possible to isolate MSCs from bone marrow but not from UCB.