gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Teacher Ratings and the Assessment of Attention Deficit Disordered Children (1986)

A recent analysis of teacher ratings of the classroom behavior of 158 attention deficit disordered (ADD) children revealed three factors labeled “Emotional Lability/Conduct,” “Temperament,” and “Attention/Concentration” which in part correspond to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III). To further explore this correspondence, 88 children were identified as those with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADD-H) and 58 children were identified as those with attention deficit disorder without hyperactivity (ADD) in accordance with DSM III criteria. When the two sub-groups were compared, teachers rated ADD-H children as more problematic than their ADD counterparts. Results of discriminant analysis further indicated that teacher ratings had the potential to discriminate ADD from ADD-H groups. Findings were interpreted to corroborate the distinction between ADD with and without hyperactivity as delineated in the DSM III. Discussion includes an interpretation of these results to suggest that the attention deficit disorder as exhibited in the classroom is a constellation of related attentional as well as behavioral and temperament disturbances. Recommendations were also made to support the diagnostician's use of teacher ratings in identifying ADD children.
Speaker diarization of heterogeneous web video files: A preliminary study (2011)

In the last ten years, internet as well as its applications changed significantly, mainly thanks to the raising of available personal resources. Concerning multimedia, the most impressive evolution is the continuous growing success of the video sharing websites. But with this success come the difficulties to efficiently search, index and access relevant information about these documents. Speaker diarization is an important task in the overall information retrieval process. This paper describes an audio/video database, especially built for the speaker diarization task, based on different video genres. Through some preliminary experiments, it highlights the difficulties encountered in this context, mainly linked to the database heterogeneity.
Identification of Human Acrosomal Antigen SP-10 in Primates and Pigs1 (1989)

The intra-acrosomal human sperm protein SP-10 was previously designated a "primary vaccine candidate" by a World Health Organization Taskforce on Contraceptive Vaccines. In the present study, a monoclonal antibody to SP-10 (MHS-10) was employed on Western blots to identify immunoreactive SP-10 in sperm extracts from baboon (Papio cyanocephalus anubis) and two macaques (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis). In each of these primates, the MHS-10 monoclonal antibody recognized a polymorphic pattern of immunoreactive peptides similar to that in humans. Immunoreactive SP-10 was also demonstrated in pig sperm. Using purified preparations of the previously described intra-acrosomal molecules acrosin and sperminogen in the pig, we observed that the MHS-10 monoclonal antibody did not react with these proteins, indicating SP-10 is distinct from these known acrosomal components. Sperm from several common species including the rabbit, bull, rat, guinea pig and cat did not immunoreact with the MHS-10 monoclonal antibody. By use of a radioactive probe spanning 628 nucleotides of the open reading frame for SP-10 on Northern blots of poly A + RNA obtained from testes of Macaca fascicularis, Papio papio, and Papio cyanocephalus anubis, a 1.35-kb mRNA of identical size to the mRNA from human testes was identified. These results indicate that baboons, macaques, and pigs may be appropriate models for testing an SP-10-based contraceptive vaccine.
A bulk silicon dissolved wafer process for microelectromechanical devices (1992)

A single-sided bulk silicon dissolved wafer process that has been used to fabricate several different micromechanical structures is described. It involves the simultaneous processing of a glass wafer and a silicon wafer, which are eventually bonded together electrostatically. The silicon wafer is then dissolved to leave heavily boron doped devices attached to the glass substrate. Overhanging features can be fabricated without additional masking steps. It is also possible to fabricate elements with thickness-to-width aspect ratios in excess of 10:1. Measurements of various kinds of laterally driven comb structures processed in this manner, some of which are intended for application in a scanning thermal profilometer, are described. They comprise shuttle masses supported by beams that are 160-360 mu m long, 1-3 mu m wide, and 3-10 mu m thick. Some of the shuttles are mounted with probes that overhang the edge of the die by 250 mu m. Resonant frequencies from 18 to 100 kHz and peak-to-peak displacements up to 18 mu m have been measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The superregular graphs (1996)

A regular graph is superregular if it has no vertices or if the subgraphs induced by the neighbors and by the nonneighbors of each vertex are superregular. The superregular graphs are precisely the disjoint union of m isomorphic cliques, the Cartesian product of two isomorphic cliques, the five-cycle, and the complements of these graphs. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple-dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (1997)

IDEC-C2B8 chimeric anti-CD20 mAb therapy is well tolerated and has clinical activity in patients with relapsed B-cell lymphoma. The 375-mg/m2 dose has been selected for a phase II trial in patients with relapsed low-grade or follicular B-cell lymphoma.
UNCONVENTIONAL NANOFABRICATION (2004)

▪ Abstract Nanostructures are fabricated using either conventional or unconventional tools—that is, by techniques that are highly developed and widely used or by techniques that are relatively new and still being developed. This chapter reviews techniques of unconventional nanofabrication, and focuses on experimentally simple and inexpensive approaches to pattern features with dimensions &lt;100 nm. The techniques discussed include soft lithography, scanning probe lithography, and edge lithography. The chapter includes recent advances in fabricating nanostructures using each set of techniques, together with demonstrated advantages, limitations, and applications for each.
Associations between Leptin Gene Polymorphisms and Production, Live Weight, Energy Balance, Feed Intake, and Fertility in Holstein Heifers (2002)

Leptin is a 16-kDa protein synthesized by adipose tissue and is involved in regulation of feed intake, energy balance, fertility, and immune functions. Since evidence of a genetic correlation between start of luteal activity and energy balance, milk yield, and live weights is present, we investigated the association of genetic differences in the bovine leptin gene with these traits. Between 1990 and 1997, a total of 613 Holstein-Friesian heifers of two genetic groups with known pedigree were followed from parturition until d 105 of lactation. During the first 15 wk of lactation live weight, feed intake, and milk yield were measured for 565 cows. The start of luteal activity was set at the first day with a progesterone concentration higher than 3 ng/ml. In addition to the interval between calving and start of luteal activity, analyses were performed for average milk yield, percentage fat, protein, and lactose in milk, dry matter intake, feed intake, energy balance, and live weight over the first 15 wk of lactation. All 613 cows were genotyped for two restricted fragment length polymorphisms and for the BM1500 microsatellite, all located at the leptin gene locus. Significances of the genotype effects were estimated using the approximated F-statistic provided by ASREML. Fixed effects were year-season, genetic group, and a quadratic polynomial for age at calving. Animal was fitted as a random effect including the additive relationship between animals to account for background genes. Firstly, each genotype effect was fitted in turn, and secondly the other restriction fragment length polymorphisms were fitted as a cofactor to take into account effects of linkage disequilibrium. Thirdly, sire x genotype interaction was investigated. Heifers with the RFLP1-AB genotype produce 1.32 kg/d more milk and consume 0.73 kg/d more food compared with the RFLP1-AA genotype. No effects were found for start of luteal activity. When linkage disequilibrium with the other markers was taken into account and DMI was included as fixed effect in the model a 0.96 kg/d higher milk yield was still found. Assuming that no pleiotropic effects on traits such as immunity and milk production in later lactations exist, future breeding programs favoring the RFLP1 B-allele can yield a higher milk production without negatively affecting energy balance and fertility. The prospects are good because in this study the frequency of the RFLP1 AB- and BB-genotypes were only 18.5 and 0.2%, respectively.
Programming of neurotoxic cofactor CXCL-10 in HIV-1-associated dementia: abrogation of CXCL-10-induced neuro-glial toxicity in vitro by PKC activator (2012)

We have demonstrated induction of CXCL10 and other chemokines/cytokines during HIV-1 infection in the brain, as well as synergism of CXCL10 with HIV-1 in neuronal toxicity, which was dampened by bryostatin.
An antenna solution for MIMO channels: the switched parasitic antenna (2002)

We investigate the switched parasitic antenna (SPA), which is a novel technique for electronically directing the radiation pattern in a MIMO system. The correlation between the received signal modes is shown to be sufficiently low to yield a diversity gain. The capacity limit using the SPA is investigated for different SPA configurations and it is found that the capacity is comparable with an array antenna configuration in certain situations. Finally, a space time block coding scheme is used to evaluate the bit error rate of a MIMO-SPA system. It is found that the SPA requires a 5 dB higher SNR than an antenna array solution to achieve a BER=10/sup -2/. However, the array antenna requires a radio transceiver for every antenna, as opposed to the SPA which uses only one transceiver.
Zwitterionic analogs of cimetidine as H2 receptor antagonists (1987)

A series of analogues of the H2 receptor histamine antagonist cimetidine have been synthesized in which the dipolar cyanoguanidine group has been replaced by a number of zwitterionic moieties. Although none of the compounds is more effective than cimetidine in blocking histamine-stimulated tachycardia on the isolated guinea pig atrium, the activities of most of the compounds possessing rigid dipoles can be accounted for on the basis of dipole orientation relative to the common side chain and by considering the active species in each case to be the zwitterion. These findings are in general agreement with those found for analogues having conjugated groups as dipoles.
Impact of Present Control Methods on the Problem of Tuberculosis (1989)

In spite of the considerable efforts that have been made to control tuberculosis in developing countries in the last three decades, the decline in the global epidemiologic problem has been slow. It is now realized that the possibility of rapidly influencing the tuberculosis problem in these countries with the present control technologies has been overestimated. It is clear that bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, even in places where a high efficacy was demonstrated, does not substantially influence the chain of transmission. Case management, including bacteriologic diagnosis and chemotherapy, is a complex technology. Although it is potentially effective for the reduction of mortality and the risk of infection, there are many difficulties for its efficient application in developing countries. Although there should be no hesitation in the application and full utilization of what is already known, a major thrust in research may generate ways of accelerating the control of tuberculosis in developing countries. Without new developments in technology for tuberculosis control, the goal of worldwide control has still a long way to go.
A Final Common Pathway for Tinnitus - The Medial Temporal Lobe System. (1995)

A final common pathway for tinnitus is hypothesized to exist for all patients with tinnitus. Its function is the transition of the sensory to the affect component of the symptom of tinnitus. Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) with the radio isotope TC99-HMPAO has identified side to side perfusion asymmetries highlighted by that of the amygdala - hippocampal complex. Adjacent perfusion asymmetries involving the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes suggest a interneuronal network resulting in the transition of the sensory to the affect components of the symptom of tinnitus. It is hypothesized that a fundamental function of the amygdala - hippocampal structures is the establishment of a paradoxical auditory memory for tinnitus. It is a result of alteration in auditory masking found in all tinnitus patients. A paradoxical memory for an aberrant auditory signal i.e., tinnitus, is considered to be the initial process in the transition of the sensory to the affect component. Underlying mechanisms are hypothesized to exist and to be highlighted by a diminution of inhibition mediated by gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) due to disconnection from excitatory (glutamate) inputs. Blockage of GABA mediated inhibition results in Tinnitogenesis, a epileptiform auditory phenomena. The overall hypothesis of a final common pathway for tinnitus; the role of the MTLS; and clinical support for this hypothesis is presented.
Characteristics of a Highly Labile Human Type 5 17 -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (1999)

17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17βHSDs) play an essential role in the formation of active intracellular sex steroids. Six types of 17βHSD have been described to date, which only share approximately 20% homology. Human type 5 17βHSD complementary DNA is unique among the 17βHSDs because it belongs to the aldo-keto reductase family, whereas the others are members of the short chain alcohol dehydrogenases. The characteristics of human type 5 17βHSD were investigated in human embryonic (293) cells stably transfected with human and mouse type 5 17βHSD, as well as human type 3 3αHSD. Using intact transfected cells, type 5 17βHSD shows a substrate specificity pattern comparable to those of human type 3 17βHSD and mouse type 5 17βHSD. These enzymes catalyze more efficiently the transformation of androstenedione (4-dione) to testosterone, whereas the transformation of dihydrotestosterone to 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol is much lower. In contrast, type 3 3αHSD catalyzes more efficiently the transformation of dihydrotestosterone to 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol, whereas the transformation of 4-dione to testosterone represents only 7% of the 3αHSD activity. However, upon homogenization, human type 5 17βHSD activity decreases to approximately 10% of the activity in intact cells and remains stable at this level together with the 3αHSD activity. Under the same conditions, however, the mouse enzyme is not altered by homogenization. Indeed, using purified human 17βHSD overexpressed in Escherichia coli, we could confirm that a much greater amount of protein is required to produce activity similar to the enzymatic activity measured in intact transfected cells. The present data provide the answer to the question of why previous researchers could hardly detect type 5 17βHSD activity. Indeed, all previous publications used cell or tissue homogenates or purified enzymes. Under such conditions, only the low level, but stable, 3αHSD and 17βHSD activities could be measured, whereas the high level, but highly unstable, 17βHSD activity could not be measured. As type 5 17βHSD shares 84%, 86%, and 88% amino acid identity with types 1 and 3 3αHSD and 20αHSDs, respectively, Northern blot analysis used in previous studies could not provide unequivocal information. In this report, we used a more specific ribonuclease protection assay and could thus show that human type 5 17βHSD is expressed in the liver, adrenal, and prostate; in prostatic cancer cell lines DU-145 and LNCaP; as well as in bone carcinoma (MG-63) cells. By analogy with type 3 17βHSD, which is responsible for the formation of androgens in the testis, the expression of type 5 17βHSD in the prostate and bone cells suggests that this enzyme is involved in the formation of active intracellular androgens in these tissues.
1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 reverses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting chemokine synthesis and monocyte trafficking (2007)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease whose pathogenesis involves genetic and environmental risk factors leading to an aberrant, neuroantigen-specific, CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune response. In support of the hypothesis that vitamin D3 may reduce MS risk and severity, we found that vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) inhibited induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an MS model. To investigate how 1,25-(OH)2D3 could carry out anti-inflammatory functions, we administered 1,25-(OH)2D3 or a placebo to mice with EAE, and subsequently analyzed clinical disease, chemokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and recruitment of dye-labeled monocytes. The 1,25-(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced clinical EAE severity within 3 days. Sharp declines in chemokines, inducible iNOS, and CD11b+ monocyte recruitment into the central nervous system (CNS) preceded this clinical disease abatement in the 1,25-(OH)2D3-treated animals. The 1,25-(OH)2D3 did not directly and rapidly inhibit chemokine synthesis in vivo or in vitro. Rather, the 1,25-(OH)2D3 rapidly stimulated activated CD4+ T cell apoptosis in the CNS and spleen. Collectively, these results support a model wherein inflammation stimulates a natural anti-inflammatory feedback loop. The activated inflammatory cells produce 1,25-(OH)2D3, and this hormone subsequently enhances the apoptotic death of inflammatory CD4+ T cells, removing the driving force for continued inflammation. In this way, the sunlight-derived hormone could reduce the risk of chronic CNS inflammation and autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease.
Metabolism of Kaempferia parviflora Polymethoxyflavones by Human Intestinal Bacterium Bautia sp. MRG-PMF1 (2014)

Poylmethoxyflavones (PMFs) are major bioactive flavonoids, which exhibit various biological activities, such as anticancer effects. The biotransformation of PMFs and characterization of a PMF-metabolizing human intestinal bacterium were studied herein for the first time. Hydrolysis of aryl methyl ether functional groups by human fecal samples was observed from the bioconversion of various PMFs. Activity-guided screening for PMF-metabolizing intestinal bacteria under anaerobic conditions resulted in the isolation of a strict anaerobic bacterium, which was identified as Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1. The isolated MRG-PMF1 was able to metabolize various PMFs to the corresponding demethylated flavones. The microbial conversion of bioactive 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF) and 5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (5,7,4'-TMF) was studied in detail. 5,7-DMF and 5,7,4'-TMF were completely metabolized to 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) and 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone (apigenin), respectively. From a kinetics study, the methoxy group on the flavone C-7 position was found to be preferentially hydrolyzed. 5-Methoxychrysin, the intermediate of 5,7-DMF metabolism by Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1, was isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Apigenin was produced from the sequential demethylation of 5,7,4'-TMF, via 5,4'-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavone and 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone (thevetiaflavone). Not only demethylation activity but also deglycosylation activity was exhibited by Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1, and various flavonoids, including isoflavones, flavones, and flavanones, were found to be metabolized to the corresponding aglycones. The unprecedented PMF demethylation activity of Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1 will expand our understanding of flavonoid metabolism in the human intestine and lead to novel bioactive compounds.
The spontaneous remission of juvenile idiopathic arthritis is characterized by CD30+ T cells directed to human heat‐shock protein 60 capable of producing the regulatory cytokine interleukin‐10 (2003)

The results show that T cells responding to human Hsp60 in oligoarticular JIA patients express CD30, and during active phases of the disease, these T cells have a cytokine profile with a high IL-10:IFNgamma ratio. These findings suggest that in oligoarticular JIA patients, human Hsp60-specific CD4+ cells have a regulatory function and contribute to disease remission.
Percutaneous intracoronary delivery of SERCA gene increases myocardial function: a tissue Doppler imaging echocardiographic study (2006)

The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA1a) gene in a realistic model based on percutaneous intracoronary delivery and on noninvasive functional monitoring. Catheter-based selective coronary delivery of saline or adenoviruses (Ad.CMV.SERCA1a or Ad.CMV.lacZ, 10(10) plaque-forming units) was performed in the circumflex artery of rabbits. Effects were assessed and compared by using serial Doppler echocardiography, hemodynamics, and measurements of SERCA protein and Ca(2+) uptake activity. On day 3, a 21% increase in SERCA proteins and a 37% increase in the maximal rate of Ca(2+) uptake were observed in the transfected left ventricular (LV) walls of Ad.CMV.SERCA1a rabbits. Baseline hemodynamics and conventional echographic measurements of global LV function were poorly affected. In contrast, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was able to assess a strong increase in the baseline function of transfected LV walls, as assessed with maximal wall velocities (+32% and +43%, respectively) and strain rates (+18% and +30%, respectively). TDI parameters were closely related to the maximal rate of Ca(2+) uptake (r(2) = 0.68 for the systolic strain rate). Serial TDI analysis during follow-up showed that the effects lasted for 7 days and were no longer detectable 15 days after adenoviruses injection. In conclusion, LV function can be increased by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SERCA in a clinically relevant model, and TDI provides an accurate and noninvasive tool for monitoring effects on global as well as regional myocardial function.
ESD reliability and protection schemes in SOI CMOS output buffers (1995)

The electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection capability of SOI CMOS output buffers has been studied with Human Body Model (HBM) stresses. Experimental results show that the ESD voltage sustained by SOI CMOS buffers is only about half the voltage sustained by the bulk NMOS buffers. ESD discharge current in a SOI CMOS buffer is found to be absorbed by the NMOSFET alone. Also, SOI circuits display more serious reliability problem in handling negative ESD discharge current during bi-directional stresses. Most of the methods developed for bulk technology to improve ESD performance have minimal effects on SOI. A new Through Oxide Buffer ESD protection scheme is proposed as an alternative for SOI ESD protection. In order to improve ESD reliability, ESD protection circuitries can be fabricated on the SOI substrate instead of the top silicon thin film, after selectively etching through the buried oxide. This scheme also allows ESD protection strategies developed for bulk technology to be directly transferred to SOI substrate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>