gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Significant Increase of Serum High-Mobility Group Box Chromosomal Protein 1 Levels in Patients With Severe Acute Pancreatitis (2006)

Serum HMGB1 levels were significantly increased in patients with SAP and were correlated with disease severity. These results suggest that HMGB1 may act as a key mediator for inflammation and organ failure in SAP.
Etiology-dependent molecular mechanisms in human hepatocarcinogenesis (2007)

Our findings suggest that MDM4 and EEF1A2 act as etiology-independent oncogenes in a significant percentage of HCCs.
The Impact of CT Image Integration into an Electroanatomic Mapping System on Clinical Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (2006)

CA for AF guided by CT integration was associated with reduced fluoroscopy times, arrhythmia recurrence, and increased restoration of sinus rhythm. Improved visualization of complex LA geometries might improve the safety and success of CA for AF.
Importance of Glycolysable Substrates for in Vitro Capacitation of Human Spermatozoa1 (1990)

To investigate the importance of glycolysable substrate for supporting the ability of human sperm to capacitate and penetrate oocytes in vitro, washed spermatozoa were incubated with or without various sugars in BWW culture medium containing pyruvate and lactate. Sperm penetration was assayed using zona-free hamster oocytes. After an 18-h preincubation, glucose (1 mg/ml) supported higher penetration of sperm into oocytes than either mannose or fructose (60.7% vs. 28.2% or 21.5%, respectively) at the same concentration. Penetration was even lower when medium contained the nonmetabolizable sugar galactose (2.1% at 1 mg/ml). On the other hand, higher concentrations (5 or 10 mg/ml) of glucose, but not fructose, suppressed penetration, provided the glucose was present throughout the 18-h preincubation. When caffeine, a stimulant of glycolysis in human sperm, was present along with glucose, sperm penetration was enhanced, but only after 6 h of sperm preincubation. This effect was not observed in glucose-free medium, however, where penetration remained low over a 10-h incubation period. In these experiments, the percentage of motile sperm was unaffected by treatment, but the quality of motility was diminished in the absence of glucose. We conclude that stimulation of glycolysis may promote capacitation of human spermatozoa in vitro and that optimization of penetrating ability of sperm is dependent upon both the type and concentration of glycolysable sugar present.
[The role of somatosensory evoked potentials in prognosis of efficacy of tibial neuromodulation in patients with hyperactive urinary bladder]. (2006)

Registration of evoked brain potentials was used as a non-invasive and an objective method of diagnosis of the CNS diseases. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) in response to stimulation of the tibial nerve were studied in patients with hyperactive urinary bladder (HUB) to clarify SSEP role in prognosis of tibial neuromodulation (TNM) efficacy. Urodynamic parameters and SSEP were examined in 13 patients with symptoms of urinary accumulation disorders. Neurogenic HUB was diagnosed in 6 patients, idiopathic one--in 7 patients. TNM was delivered in 30-min weekly sessions (n = 12). Six of seven patients with a cortical potential responded to TNM. Of six cortical nonresponders a positive result was achieved only in two. Thus, patients with the cortical potential demonstrate better effect of TNM than those without the potential. It is suggested that TNM influences both sacral and supraspinal center of urination.
RADAR IDENTIFICATION OF HOSTILE FIRE BY MEANS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPLEX NATURAL RESONANCES OF PROJECTILES (2012)

The authors discuss and demonstrate the feasibility of using ultra wide band microwave radar to detect and identify small arms flre. Detection and tracking is by standard radar techniques, but identiflcation is carried out by exciting the projectiles Complex Natural Resonances and using this aspect independent information to assign a caliber to the incoming projectiles. The typical sizes of small arms projectiles (calibers 5.56mm through to 13mm) imply that ultra wide band illumination in the microwave region of the spectrum between 1.5{5.5GHz is required to excite these object's fundamental resonances. The authors give a discussion of the efiects of motion on the quality of the complex natural resonance data obtainable and present both simulated and laboratory data for the radar cross section of three difierent caliber projectiles (5.56mm, 7.62mm and 13mm).
Estrategias para mejorar la eficacia de la terapia inhalada (2010)

La inhalacion es la via de administracion optima para los farmacos que se utilizan en las enfermedades obstructivas pulmonares,ya que los medicamentos van directamente al organo danado, se utilizan dosis menores y se minimizan los efectos adversos.A pesar de estas ventajas, en muchas ocasiones no se consigue un buen control por razones relacionadas con esta forma de administracion:incumplimiento terapeutico, deficiente tecnica de inhalacion, eleccion erronea del dispositivo y no tener en cuenta las preferencias del paciente.Se dispone de un amplio numero de dispositivos de inhalacion teoricamente igual de efectivos. Todos tienen sus ventajas e inconvenientes,por lo que no existe el inhalador perfecto para todos los pacientes y situaciones, aunque hay un amplio rango que puede cubrir las necesidadesy preferencias de cada paciente.Para conseguir que esta ruta sea eficiente, deben instaurarse estrategias educativas con el fin de instruir al paciente en la tecnicainhalatoria y mejorar el cumplimiento.
Synthesis of Tris- and Tetrakis(pyrazol-1-yl)borate Gold(III) Complexes. Crystal Structures of [Au{κ2-N,N‘-BH(Pz)3}Cl2] (pz = Pyrazol-1-yl) and [Au{κ2-N,N‘-B(Pz)4}(κ2-C,N-C6H4CH2NMe2-2)]ClO4·CHCl3 (2002)

Na[BH(pz)(3)] and Na[AuCl(4)].2H(2)O react in water (1:1) to give [Au[kappa(2)-N,N'-BH(pz)(3)]Cl(2)] (1) or, in the presence of NaClO(4) (2:1:1), the cationic complex [Au[kappa(2)-N,N'-BH(pz)(3)](2)]ClO(4) (2). The reactions of Na[B(pz)(4)] with the cyclometalated gold complexes [AuRCl(2)] and NaClO(4) (1:1:1) produce [Au[kappa(2)-N,N'-B(pz)(4)](R)]ClO(4) [R = kappa(2)-C,N-C(6)H(4)CH(2)NMe(2)-2 (3)] or [Au[kappa(2)-N,N'-B(pz)(4)](R)Cl] [R = C(6)H(3)(N=NC(6)H(4)Me-4')-2-Me-5 (4)], respectively, although 4 is better obtained in the absence of NaClO(4). The crystal structures of 1 and 3.CHCl(3) are reported. Both complexes display the gold center in square planar environments, two coordination sites being occupied by the chelating poly(pyrazolyl)borate ligands.
Comparison of spherical aberration and small-pupil profiles in improving depth of focus for presbyopic corrections (2012)

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Observation of Duplex DNA-Drug Noncovalent Complexes by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservation of Duplex DNA-Drug Noncovalent Complexes by Electrospray Ionization Mass SpectrometryDavid C. Gale, David R. Goodlett, Karen J. Light-Wahl, and Richard D. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 13, 6027–6028Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00092a087https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00092a087research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views301Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mortality in multiple sclerosis: a review (2008)

This work was undertaken to evaluate studies on mortality caused by multiple sclerosis (MS), to evaluate if useful inferences can be drawn from survival studies that can be applied to clinical practice. A literature search was carried out to find epidemiological studies on MS prognosis, survival, mortality and causes of death relevant to our aim. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports on worldwide cause-specific mortality were also considered. Studies were evaluated according to the duration of the follow-up study, the year of publication and the methodology used. We evaluated MS survival from a methodological point of view and considered if time trends could be drawn from study results. We conclude that mortality is only slightly higher in MS patients when compared with that in the general population. Mortality is higher particularly for older patients and those with longer disease duration.
Distinctive Profiles of Infection and Pathology in Hamsters Infected with Clostridium difficile Strains 630 and B1 (2009)

Currently, the Golden Syrian hamster is widely considered an important model of Clostridium difficile disease, as oral infection of this animal pretreated with antibiotics reproduces many of the symptoms observed in humans. Two C. difficile strains, B1 and 630, showed significant differences in the progression and severity of disease in this model. B1-infected hamsters exhibited more severe pathology and a shorter time to death than hamsters infected with 630. Histological changes in the gut did not correlate with absolute numbers of C. difficile bacteria, but there were clear differences in the distribution of bacteria within gut tissues. Light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy revealed high numbers of B1 bacteria at the mucosal surface of the tissue, whereas 630 bacteria were more frequently associated with the crypt regions. Both B1 and 630 bacteria were frequently observed within polymorphonuclear leukocytes, although, interestingly, a space frequently separated B1 bacteria from the phagosome wall, a phenomenon not observed with 630. However, pilus-like structures were detected on 630 located in the crypts of the gut tissue. Furthermore, B1 bacteria, but not 630 bacteria, were found within nonphagocytic cells, including enterocytes and muscle cells.
A Truncated HGP Peptide Sequence That Retains Endosomolytic Activity and Improves Gene Delivery Efficiencies (2010)

HGP is a 24-amino acid peptide derived from HIV gp41 that increases vesicular escape when incorporated into gene delivery vehicles. The typical yield of HGP from solid phase peptide synthesis is low due to its length and hydrophobicity. The goal of this work was to investigate truncated sequences that maintained activity in order to improve the ease and yield of synthesis. A shortened, 15-amino acid sequence retained comparable lytic activity and the ability to interact with lipids when compared to the full length peptide. A scrambled peptide showed poor lytic activity, confirming that the activity of these endosomal escape peptides is sequence specific. Peptides were covalently attached to polyethylenimine (PEI) and used to condense plasmid DNA to form nanoparticulate carriers. When delivery efficiencies of PEI-peptide conjugates were compared in vitro, PEI modified with the truncated HGP sequence increased transgene expression over unmodified PEI and full length HGP.
CD29 and CD7 mediate galectin-3-induced type II T-cell apoptosis. (2003)

Galectin (Gal)-3, a M(r) 31000 member of the beta-galactoside-binding protein family, is a multifunctional protein implicated in a variety of biological functions, including tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cancer progression, and metastasis. Here, we report that secreted extracellular Gal-3 can signal apoptosis of human T leukemia cell lines, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and activated mouse T cells after binding to cell surface glycoconjugate receptors through carbohydrate-dependent interactions because the apoptotic effect was found to be inhibited by lactose, specific sugar inhibitor, and to be dose dependent. However, the apoptosis sensitivity to Gal-3 varied among the different cell lines tested. We report that Gal-3-null Jurkat, CEM, and MOLT-4 cells were significantly more sensitive to exogenous Gal-3 than SKW6.4 and H9 cells, which express Gal-3, suggesting a cross-talk between the antiapoptotic activity of intracellular Gal-3 and proapoptotic activity of extracellular Gal-3. Furthermore, Gal-3-transfected CEM cells were found to be more resistant to C(2)-ceramide-induced apoptosis than the control CEM cells. Identification of Gal-3 cell surface receptors revealed that Gal-3 binding to CD7 and CD29 (beta(1) integrin) induced apoptosis. Gal-3 binding to its cell surface receptors results in activation of mitochondrial apoptosis events including cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, but not caspase-8 activation. Taken together, these results suggest that the induction of T-cell apoptosis by secreted Gal-3 may play a role in the immune escape mechanism during tumor progression through the induction of apoptosis to cancer-infiltrating T cells. The induction of T-cell apoptosis by secreted Gal-3 is dependent in part on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic Gal-3, providing a new insight for the immune escape mechanism of cancer cells.
Melting Temperature Assay for a UGT1A Gene Variant in Gilbert Syndrome (2000)

an increased plasma 5-HIAA concentration in a carcinoid patient with atypical facial flush.
Current State of the Art in Myocardial Tissue Engineering (2007)

Myocardial tissue engineering aims to repair, replace, and regenerate damaged cardiac tissue using tissue constructs created ex vivo. This approach may one day provide a full treatment for several cardiac disorders, including congenital diseases or ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Although the ex vivo construction of a myocardium-like tissue is faced with many challenges, it is nevertheless a pressing objective for cardiac reparative medicine. Multidisciplinary efforts have already led to the development of promising viable muscle constructs. In this article, we review the various concepts of cardiac tissue engineering and their specific challenges. We also review the different types of existing biografts and their physiological relevance. Although many investigators have favored cardiomyocytes, we discuss the potential of other clinically relevant cells, as well as the various hypotheses proposed to explain the functional benefit of cell transplantation.
Reversible Tripeptide Thrombin Inhibitors as Adjunctive Agents to Coronary Thrombolysis (1993)

Direct inhibition of thrombin with agents such as hirudin and argatroban reduces reocclusion rates during experimental coronary thrombolysis. We compared the adjunctive potential of the tripeptide thrombin inhibitor D-methyl-phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginal (LY294468) during thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) with the less specific tripeptide thrombin inhibitor Boc-D-phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginal (LY178207) and the standard anticoagulant heparin. The left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) was isolated proximal to the first main branch, and coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured in 26 anesthetized dogs. Thrombogenesis was initiated by electrolytic injury of the intimal surface of the artery, producing an occlusive thrombus. Thrombolytic/adjunctive therapy was started 1 h later in the following groups: (a) t-PA alone (0.9 mg/kg, 1-h infusion), (b) t-PA + LY294468 (0.5 or 1 mg/kg/h, 2-h infusion), (c) t-PA + LY178207 (0.5 or 1 mg/kg/h, 2-h infusion), and (d) t-PA + heparin (80 U/kg bolus + 30 U/kg/h, 2-h infusion). LY294468 provided antireocclusive efficacy (time to reocclusion = > 200 min as compared with 65 min for t-PA alone; six of nine patent vessels vs. zero of six, respectively, at the end of the experiment), with no bleeding liability during t-PA-induced thrombolysis. Heparin and LY178207 were ineffective adjunctive agents. Heparin, however, significantly increased template bleeding times. LY294468 was effective as an adjunctive agent during thrombolysis and may represent a safer (less bleeding) and more effective adjunctive agent than heparin.
Antigenic structure of hepatitis B surface antigen: identification of the "d" subtype determinant by chemical modification and use of monoclonal antibodies. (1984)

Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) of both the adw and ayw subtypes were reductively methylated with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride. The effect on antigenicity was determined by radioimmunoassay with monoclonal antibodies specific for seven different antigenic determinants. The reaction was shown to eliminate specifically the "d" antigenic activity of HBsAg/adw and to have no effect on HBsAg/ayw. Moreover, the reaction had only a slight affect on HBsAg/adw at one of the "a" antigenic determinants. The sites of modification were determined and the extent of modification of each site was compared to the loss of "d" antigenic activity. These studies demonstrated that the loss of "d" activity was due to the modification of lysine 122 in HBsAg/adw, and that although the amino terminus and lysine residues 141 and 160 of both HBsAg/adw and HBsAg/ayw are reactive, their modification does not alter any measurable antigenic activity.
Six DOF motion estimation for teleoperated flexible endoscopes using optical flow: A comparative study (2014)

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, although it can be effectively treated if detected early. Teleoperated flexible endoscopes are an emerging technology to promote participation in these preventive screenings. Real-time pose estimation is therefore essential to enable feedback to the robotic endoscope's control system. Vision-based endoscope localization approaches are a promising avenue, since they do not require extra sensors on board the endoscopes. In this work, we compare several state-of-the-art algorithms for computing the image motion (optical flow), which is then used with a supervised learning strategy to provide an accurate estimate of the 6 degree of freedom endoscope motion. The method is validated using a robotically actuated endoscope in a human colon simulator, and represents a preliminary effort towards testing with clinical video data.
Post-translational regulation of mevalonate kinase by intermediates of the cholesterol and nonsterol isoprene biosynthetic pathways (1997)

To assess the potential for feedback inhibition by isoprene intermediates in the cholesterol and nonsterol isoprene biosynthetic pathway, we expressed human cDNAs encoding mevalonate kinase (MKase), phosphomevalonate kinase (PMKase), and mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase (MDDase) as fusion proteins in Escherichia coli DH5alpha, and purified these proteins by affinity chromatography. Several phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated isoprenes were analyzed as inhibitors of the enzymes using a standard spectrophotometric assay. Of the three proteins, only MKase was inhibited through competitive interaction at the ATP-binding site. The intermediates studied (and their relative inhibitory capacity) were: geranylgeranyl-diphosphate (GGPP, C20) > farnesyl-diphosphate (FPP, C15) > geranyl-diphosphate (GPP, C10) > isopentenyl-diphosphate (IPP, C5) > or = 3,3-dimethylallyl-diphosphate (DMAPP, C5) > farnesol (C15) > dolichol-phosphate (DP, C(80-100)). Mevalonate-diphosphate, geraniol, and dolichol were not inhibitors. Our data further define the spectrum of physiologic inhibitors of MKase, and provide the first evidence for feedback inhibition of MKase by a nonsterol isoprene produced by the branched pathway, dolichol-phosphate. These results provide additional evidence that MKase may occupy a central regulatory role in the control of cholesterol and nonsterol isoprene biosynthesis.
First 17O NMR Observation of Coordinated Water on Both Isomers of [Eu(DOTAM)(H2O)]3+:  A Direct Access to Water Exchange and its Role in the Isomerization1 (2000)

A complete mechanistic study of the solution dynamics of [Eu(DOTAM)(H2O)]3+ is performed through 1H and 17O NMR variable pressure and temperature studies. An unambiguous understanding of the water exchange was possible thanks to the first 17O NMR observation of the bound water signal on both the M- and m-isomers (M: = 0.113 ± 0.013 × 103 s-1, = 8.3 ± 0.3 × 103 s-1, ΔH⧧ = 53.1 ± 2 kJ mol-1, ΔS⧧ = +8.4 ± 5 J K-1 mol-1, ΔV⧧ = +4.9 ± 1 cm3 mol-1; m: = 8.9 ± 0.6 s-1, = 327 ± 60 × 103 s-1, ΔH⧧ = 44.2 ± 2 kJ mol-1, ΔS⧧ = +8.8 ± 7 J K-1mol-1). The water exchange on m is about 50 times faster than on M, and even though the equilibrium constant K = [M]/[m] equals 4.5, the contribution of m to the overall exchange rate is 90%. These results can be transferred to an aqueous solution since they agree with the overall exchange rate obtained by 17O NMR for an aqueous solution of [Gd(DOTAM)(H2O)]3+. 2D-EXSY and variable temperature and pressure 1H NMR experiments reveal that the interconversion between the M and m isomers happens mainly through a rotation of the amide arms in an interchange activated mechanism. (Interconversion rates measured by magnetization transfer: M → m: = 60 ± 10 s-1; m → M: = 260 ± 50 s-1. Activation volumes: M → m: ΔV⧧ = −0.5 ± 0.3 cm3 mol-1, m → M: ΔV⧧ = −0.5 ± 0.7 cm3 mol-1 and reaction volume ΔV° = 0 ± 1 cm3 mol-1). In light of a simultaneous fitting of the water exchange and interconversion NMR data (M → m: ΔH⧧ = 39.1 ± 1.9 kJ mol-1, ΔS⧧ = −52.1 ± 7.4 J K-1mol-1, k250 = 68 ± 5 s-1), as well as an interpretation of the activation and reaction volumes, we deduce a correlation between the two processes. A nonhydrated complex is proposed as a common intermediate for both the water exchange and the arm rotation processes, but only one M → m interconversion happens while two to three water exchanges take place.
Small Molecule Inhibitors of CXCR4 (2013)

CXCR4 is a G-protein-coupled receptor involved in a number of physiological processes in the hematopoietic and immune systems. The SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is significantly associated with several diseases, such as HIV, cancer, WHIM syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis and lupus. For example, CXCR4 is one of the major co-receptors for HIV entry into target cells, while in cancer it plays an important role in tumor cell metastasis. Several promising CXCR4 antagonists have been developed to block SDF-1/CXCR4 interactions that are currently under different stages of development. The first in class CXCR4 antagonist, plerixafor, was approved by the FDA in 2008 for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and several other drugs are currently in clinical trials for cancer, HIV, and WHIM syndrome. While the long-term safety data for the first generation CXCR4 antagonists are not yet available, several new compounds are under preclinical development in an attempt to provide safer and more efficient treatment options for HIV and cancer patients.