gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition of Yttrium Oxide Films and the Properties of Water Wettability (2019)

The atomic layer deposition (ALD) of yttrium oxide (Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is investigated using the liquid precursor Y(EtCp)<sub>2</sub>(iPr-amd) as the yttrium source with thermal (H<sub>2</sub>O) and plasma-enhanced (H<sub>2</sub>O plasma and O<sub>2</sub> plasma) processes, respectively. Saturation is confirmed for the growth of the Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films with each investigated reactant with a similar ALD window from 150 to 300 °C, albeit with a different growth rate. All of the as-deposited Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films are pure and smooth and have a polycrystalline cubic structure. The as-deposited Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films are hydrophobic with water contact angles >90°. The water contact angle gradually increased and the surface free energy gradually decreased as the film thickness increased, reaching a saturated value at a Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> film thickness of ∼20 nm. The hydrophobicity was retained during post-ALD annealed at 500 °C in static air for 2 h. Exposure to polar and nonpolar solvents influences the Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> water contact angle. The reported ALD process for Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films may find potential applications in the field of hydrophobic coatings.
Antimicrobial Activity Associated with Extracellular Matrices (2002)

Materials derived from extracellular matrices (ECMs) are being evaluated as scaffolds for surgical reconstruction of damaged or missing tissues. It is important to understand the susceptibility of these biological materials to bacterial infections. ECMs derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) and urinary bladder submucosa (UBS) were found to possess antimicrobial activity. ECM extracts, obtained by digesting these acellular matrices in acetic acid, demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial activity was determined using a minimal inhibitory concentration assay. Bacteriostatic activity was detected at protein concentrations of ECM extracts equivalent to 0.77-1.60 mg/mL. ECM extracts were found to inhibit bacterial growth for up to at least 13 h. The resulting extracts consisted of water-soluble peptides and proteins with molecular weights ranging from <4 to >100 kDa and lower molecular weight compounds, as determined by size exclusion liquid chromatography.
Toward Larger Chemical Libraries:  Encoding with Fluorescent Colloids in Combinatorial Chemistry (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTToward Larger Chemical Libraries: Encoding with Fluorescent Colloids in Combinatorial ChemistryBronwyn J. Battersby, Darryn Bryant, Wim Meutermans, Daniel Matthews, Mark L. Smythe, and Matt TrauView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Department of Mathematics and Centre for Drug Design and Development The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 9, 2138–2139Publication Date (Web):February 17, 2000Publication History Received11 October 1999Published online17 February 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja993634ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja993634irapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1121Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Dyes and pigments,Fluorescence,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Polyelectrolytes Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Benzamides Related to Anacardic Acid and Their Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) Inhibitory Activities (2008)

A group of benzamides related to anacardic acid amide CTPB with alkyl chains of defined length were prepared by a five-step sequence starting from 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and their activities were compared with those reported for the HAT inhibitor anacardic acid (AA). The subset of 4-cyano-3-trifluoromethylphenylbenzamides with shorter chains exhibited activities similar to that of AA, as they behaved as human p300 inhibitors, induced a decrease in histone acetylation levels in immortalized HEK cells, and counteracted the action of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, an analogue with the shortest alkyl chain induced significant apoptosis at 50 microM in U937 leukemia cells.
Activated granulocytes and granulocyte-derived hydrogen peroxide are the underlying mechanism of suppression of t-cell function in advanced cancer patients. (2001)

Impaired T-cell function in patients with advanced cancer has been a widely acknowledged finding, but mechanisms reported thus far are those primarily operating in the tumor microenvironment. Very few mechanisms have been put forth to explain several well-described defects in peripheral blood T cells, such as reduction in expression of signaling molecules, decreased production of cytokines, or increased apoptosis. We have closely examined the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples derived from patients and healthy individuals, and we have observed an important difference that may underlie the majority of reported defects. We observed that in samples from patients only, an unusually large number of granulocytes copurify with low density PBMCs on a density gradient rather than sediment, as expected, to the bottom of the gradient. We also show that activating granulocytes from a healthy donor with N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine could also cause them to sediment aberrantly and copurify with PBMCs, suggesting that density change is a marker of their activation. To confirm this, we looked for other evidence of in vivo granulocyte activation and found it in drastically elevated plasma levels of 8-isoprostane, a product of lipid peroxidation and a marker of oxidative stress. Reduced T-cell receptor zeta chain expression and decreased cytokine production by patients' T cells correlated with the presence of activated granulocytes in their PBMCs. We showed that freshly obtained granulocytes from healthy donors, if activated, can also inhibit cytokine production by T cells. This action is abrogated by the addition of the hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) scavenger, catalase, implicating H(2)O(2) as the effector molecule. Indeed, when added alone, H(2)O(2) could suppress cytokine production of normal T cells. These findings indicate that granulocytes are activated in advanced cancer patients and that granulocyte-derived H(2)O(2) is the major cause of severe systemic T-cell suppression.
Mechanism of the Transformation of a Stiff Polymer Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal to the Cholesteric State by Dopant-Mediated Chiral Information Transfer (1998)

In this work the lyotropic liquid crystal nematic state of poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) (PHIC) was converted to the cholesteric state by doping with a variety of chiral small molecules and with optically active polyisocyanates. Circular dichroism experiments in dilute isotropic PHIC solutions show that several of the small molecules used as dopants in the liquid crystal work cause an excess of one helical sense in the otherwise helically dynamically racemic PHIC. Both the helical sense and excess of this sense in dilute solution correlate to the cholesteric sense and twisting power of the same dopants in the concentrated PHIC liquid crystal solutions. The experimental results are consistent with a mechanism of cholesteric formation in which the chiral dopants displace slightly the otherwise equal population of the dynamically interconvertable mirror helical senses of the PHIC, which is then further amplified by the liquid crystal matrix. Direct evidence for the amplification of the intrinsic helical sense excess of the polyisocyanate by the liquid crystal state could be demonstrated by comparing the cholesteric properties of systems doped with polyisocyanates in which the ratio of the mirror helical senses of the dopants in two compared experiments are identical but in one experiment the helical senses could interconvert and in a separate experiment could not interconvert. The amplification mechanism is driven by the reduction in population of the mobile kinked helical reversals which likely act as "bad neighbors" to the local liquid crystal organization.
Laser Skin Resurfacing with the Silk Touch Flashscanner for Facial Rhytides (1995)

The Silktouch flashscanner is effective for the treatment of facial rhytides.
Expressing Ribozymes in Plants (2003)

The hammerhead and hairpin ribozyme motifs were first identified and characterized in small, circular RNA molecules (satellite RNAs, viroids) associated with some diseases in plants (1). The ribozyme activity is necessary for replication of these RNAs, functioning to cleave linear concatameric forms to monomeric units. Since these naturally occurring ribozymes function in plants, the application of synthetic ribozymes for control of gene expression in plants seems reasonable. Despite this, there are relatively few reports of synthetic ribozyme activity in plant cells or whole plants (2,3) compared to the numerous publications of activity in animal and human cells (4,5). This is perhaps surprising, since it is generally easier to introduce DNA into plant cells and regenerate transgenic plants than to make transgenic animals. Transformation of many plant species, particularly dicotyledonous plants, is routine in many laboratories.
A Porcine Model of Staphylococcus epidermidis Catheter-Associated Infection (1993)

The suitability of using catheterized, partially nephrectomized (uremic) pigs to study catheter-associated infection in peritoneal dialysis was investigated. In some pigs, an inoculum of 10(9) cfu of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 was deposited around the catheter exit site and the organism was allowed to colonize over 21 days. The strain was recoverable from tissues and catheter samples at various locations along the catheter tract from inoculated pigs at postmortem examination. Uninoculated control catheters were colonized to a significantly lesser degree and by various other staphylococcal species. Immune response by inoculated pigs toward catheter-associated bacteria was indicated by a significant increase in serum antistaphylococcal IgG concentration and an increased percentage of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Uremia had no significant effect on serologic response. Immunoblotting against S. epidermidis lysostaphin-extracted proteins showed that although incubation with inoculated group antisera produced more intense banding and reacted to a wider range of protein than did antisera from uninoculated controls, common antigenic proteins among the groups were found.
Direct effects of IL-10 on subsets of human CD4+ T cell clones and resting T cells. Specific inhibition of IL-2 production and proliferation (1993)

The direct effects of IL-10 on the proliferation and lymphokine production of human peripheral blood T cells and CD4+ T cell clones representing the Th0, Th1-like, and Th2-like Th cell subsets were investigated in the absence of professional APC. IL-10 partially inhibited the proliferative responses of CD4+ human T cell clones induced by anti-CD2 or anti-CD3 mAb cross-linked on CD32 (Fc gamma RII)-transfected mouse L cells. Transfection of ICAM-1 or LFA-3 in CD32+ L cells resulted in enhanced proliferative responses of CD4+ T cell clones after activation by anti-CD3 mAb, whereas transfection of B7 in CD32+ L cells enhanced proliferative responses of CD4+ T cell clones after activation by anti-CD2 mAb. In addition, B7 expression on CD32+ L cells was required for activation of small resting T cells by anti-CD3 or anti-CD2 mAb. IL-10 inhibited the proliferation of T cell clones induced by anti-CD2 or anti-CD3 mAb on CD32+ L cells expressing these accessory molecules, indicating that interactions of LFA-3, ICAM-1, and B7 with their ligands on T cells did not overcome the inhibitory effects of IL-10. Inhibition of proliferation of T cell clones by IL-10 was in all instances completely neutralized by relatively low concentrations of IL-2, whereas IL-4 was ineffective. IL-10 did not affect the expression of the TCR/CD3 complex, CD2, LFA-1, CD28, or IL-2R alpha- or beta-chains, nor did it inhibit the induction of the latter two molecules on T cells after activation. Inhibition of proliferation was found to be the result of specific inhibition of IL-2 production by the responding T cell subsets, which occurred at the mRNA level. The production and mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma, and granulocyte/macrophage-CSF were not affected by IL-10. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-10/IL-10R interaction on CD4+ T cell clones and peripheral blood T cells results in signaling pathways that specifically interfere with activation processes leading to IL-2 production. These direct inhibitory effects on IL-2 production by activated T cells may contribute to the general immunosuppressive activities of IL-10.
Diastereo- and enantioselective aldehyde addition reactions of 2-allyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane-4,5-dicarboxylic esters, a useful class of tartrate ester modified allylboronates (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiastereo- and enantioselective aldehyde addition reactions of 2-allyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane-4,5-dicarboxylic esters, a useful class of tartrate ester modified allylboronatesWilliam R. Roush, Alan E. Walts, and Lee K. HoongCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 26, 8186–8190Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00312a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00312a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5689Altmetric-Citations278LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-GPU parallel memetic algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem (2014)

The goal of this paper is to propose and test a new memetic algorithm for the capacitated vehicle routing problem in parallel computing environment. In this paper we consider simple variation of vehicle routing problem in which the only parameter is the capacity of the vehicle and each client only needs one package. We present simple reduction to prove the existence of polynomial-time algorithm for capacity 2. We analyze the efficiency of the algorithm using hierarchical Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM) model and run experiments with code written in CUDA (for capacities larger than 2).
A Novel Mouse Model of Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism: N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea-Induced Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Mutation (2004)

An autosomal-recessive mutation that causes hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism was isolated during an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screen in mice. Affected males had micropenis and small, undescended testes with spermatogenesis arrested at the pachytene stage of meiosis, leading to sterility. Androgen-sensitive organs were small and immature. Affected females were externally normal but sterile with small ovaries due to an arrest at the secondary stage of folliculogenesis, and the uterus and oviducts were thin and immature. Circulating reproductive hormones were significantly decreased in affected males and females. There was also a dramatic reduction in the numbers of FSH- and LH-producing gonadotrophs. Meiotic mapping of the mutation and candidate gene sequencing determined that the N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced lesion is in the third transmembrane domain of the GnRH receptor gene (Gnrhr). In vitro studies indicate that the mutant receptor is not coupled to the plasma membrane signal transduction system. Moreover, this mutant cannot be rescued with defined GnRH receptor pharmacoperones (pharmacological chaperones), an approach that rescues many other misfolded mutants. The mutant GnRH receptor was also shown to exert a dominant-negative effect on wild-type receptor function, indicating that the mutant receptor is unable to fold properly and likely misrouted within the cell, not reaching the plasma membrane. Surprisingly, Gnrhr mutant transcripts were significantly up-regulated in the pituitaries of Gnrhr mutants, revealing a previously unknown autoregulatory feedback loop. This is the first report of a mouse with a Gnrhr loss of function mutation. These GnRH-insensitive mice provide a novel animal model for the study of human idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.
Structure and replication of the genome of the hepatitis delta virus. (1986)

The hepatitis delta virus can be found in the serum and liver of some hepatitis B virus patients. We now report that the RNA genome of serum-derived delta virus is single-stranded and circular. Livers of infected chimpanzees or woodchucks contained as many as 300,000 copies of genomic strand RNA per average cell, and at least some of this RNA had a circular conformation. Also present in the livers were RNA species complementary to the virion RNA. The genomic RNA was 5-22 times more abundant than this antigenomic strand. Some of the antigenomic RNA was complexed with genomic RNA, as evidenced by the fact that at least 34% of the antigenomic RNA was resistant to digestion with either RNase A in 0.3 M NaCl or S1 nuclease. Some of the antigenomic RNA was in a circular conformation. These and other findings showed that the structure and replication of hepatitis delta virus are in many ways similar to those of the previously described plant viroids, virusoids, and satellite RNAs.
Lac repressor—operator complex (1997)

For many years the lac operon of Escherichia coli has been the paradigm for gene regulation. Recently, the structures of the lac repressor core bound to isopropyl-beta-D-1-thiogalactoside (IPTG), the intact apo lac repressor, the intact lac repressor complexes with IPTG and a 21-base-pair symmetric operator, and the refined headpiece of the repressor have been determined. These structures have provided a framework for understanding a wealth of biochemical and genetic information. An analysis of these structures, as well as a description of their function and a comparison to homologous proteins, is now possible.
State of art on load monitoring methods (2008)

This paper deals with a state of art about the most non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) methods. These methods allow identifying consumption of the electrical loads. In the context of sustainable development, this is of growing interest and rapid evolution subject in recent years. The objective is to manage energy consumption by the determination of the operating schedule of individual appliances. These approaches have been developed to simplify the collection of energy consumption data. This technique for gathering appliance load information doesnpsilat require placing sensors on individual appliances, and hence an intrusion into the energy consumerpsilas property. This paper proposes an overview of the most popular methods and describes their advantages and disadvantages. It opens new perspectives which are under development in our laboratory. Our goal is to reduce the complexity of monitoring appliances and to find the most efficient method for identification.
Survival Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

Age is a risk factor to determine the prognosis of patients with HCC. Aged patients who have good liver functional reserve are still encouraged to receive curative therapy.
Small acts (2001)

If we cannot change the world, we can at least change a little of ourselves and our actions, says Stephen Wright
Investigation of the differential potentials of TLR agonists to elicit uveitis in mice (2011)

TLRs are critical for host defense and innate immunity. Emerging evidence also supports a role for TLRs in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory eye disease, known as uveitis. The activation of TLR4 by endotoxin induces a standard model of murine uveitis. How activation of additional TLRs influences the onset and/or severity of anterior uveitis has not been examined. We sought to elucidate the potential of TLRs (TLR1/2, TLR2/6, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7/8, and TLR9) to trigger uveitis in mice. Directly stimulated iris/ciliary body explants demonstrated a marked increase in production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IP-10/CXCL10, MCP-1, and KC with relatively little production of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, or RANTES. The cytokine-response profiles were comparable amongst the TLR agonists, albeit some differences were noted, such as greater IP-10 production following TLR3 activation. Intra-ocular injection of TLR agonists increased leukocyte interactions with the endothelium of the iris vasculature and resulted in chemotaxis into the iris tissue. Assessment of leukocytic responses by ivt videomicroscopy and histology revealed quantitative differences amongst responses to the TLR agonists with respect to the timing and numbers of rolling, adhering, iris-infiltrating, and aqueous humor-infiltrating cells, along with cytokine levels in vivo. Our data demonstrate the eye's responsiveness to a diverse array of microbial products, which activates TLRs, and reveal differences in relative cellular response among the various TLR agonists in vivo.
Superbase Reactions: The Expedient and Selective Metalation of Fluorine- or Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Benzenes (1990)

When treated with the superbasic mixt. of butyllithium and potassium tert-butoxide, fluorobenzene, difluorobenzenes, fluoro(trifluoromethyl)benzenes, (trifluoromethyl)benzene and bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenes undergo site-selective hydrogen-metal exchange. Best results are obtained in THF solns. at -75 Deg or -50 Deg. Upon quenching with carbon dioxide the corresponding carboxylic acids are obtained in good to excellent yield. [on SciFinder (R)]