gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Initial treatment of symptomatic mild to moderate bronchial asthma with the salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (50/250 microg) combination product (SAS 40023). (2002)

The combined inhalation of salmeterol and fluticasone from a single dry powder inhaler (DiskuS) was an effective initial treatment for patients with mild to moderate asthma. Improvements of symptoms and lung function were documented by the first week of treatment. This combination provides rapid and effective asthma control that is highly acceptable to both the patient and physician.
Inhibition of Oleamide Hydrolase Catalyzed Hydrolysis of the Endogenous Sleep-Inducing Lipid cis-9-Octadecenamide (1996)

Oleamide (1, cis-9-octadecenamide) is a naturally occurring brain constituent that has been shown to accumulate and disappear under conditions of sleep deprivation and sleep recovery, respectively. Synthetic 1 has been found to induce sleep in a structurally specific manner at nanomolar quantities. Hydrolysis of 1 by an enzyme (oleamide hydrolase) present in the cell membrane rapidly degrades oleamide to oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid). Such observations suggest 1 may constitute a prototypical member of a class of fatty acid primary amide biological signaling molecules in which the diversity and selectivity of function are derived from the length of the alkane chain as well as the position, stereochemistry, and degree of unsaturation. A series of inhibitors of oleamide hydrolase were designed and prepared which were expected to derive their properties through interactions with the putative active site cysteine residue within oleamide hydrolase. This approach yielded a series of rapid, selective, and highly potent inhibitors (Ki = 13 μM to 1 nM) which in addition to their potential therapeutic value may serve as useful tools to define the biological role of oleamide.
Broadband networks and services: architecture and control (1995)

Broadband networks to support a diverse combination of media and services present two interrelated challenges to the designers: how to devise the proper network architectures to efficiently deliver information, and how to realize the control and software infrastructure for end-to-end support of broadband applications. The new networks and applications that represent the future of interactive digital broadband are not driven by technology alone. We should recognize that the true foundation of the future information networking business involves the uses and benefits that it produces. The applications that are driving the information age are numerous, coming from the areas of entertainment, enterprise systems, telecommunications, education, health, etc. The use of client-server distributed object computing technologies is at the foundation of all the software systems that have been designed and implemented. There are still many Issues to he resolved in the application of this software technology, but it is clear that we must rely on distributed software designs to support the features of interactive broadband services. Concerns over the ability to manage complexity and scalability in these large distributed software systems are a common thread and an indication that the technology still needs to mature.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
HighLife (2018)

Text-based knowledge extraction methods for populating knowledge bases have focused on binary facts: relationships between two entities. However, in advanced domains such as health, it is often crucial to consider ternary and higher-arity relations. An example is to capture which drug is used for which disease at which dosage (e.g. 2.5 mg/day) for which kinds of patients (e.g., children vs. adults). In this work, we present an approach to harvest higher-arity facts from textual sources. Our method is distantly supervised by seed facts, and uses the fact-pattern duality principle to gather fact candidates with high recall. For high precision, we devise a constraint-based reasoning method to eliminate false candidates. A major novelty is in coping with the difficulty that higher-arity facts are often expressed only partially in texts and strewn across multiple sources. For example, one sentence may refer to a drug, a disease and a group of patients, whereas another sentence talks about the drug, its dosage and the target group without mentioning the disease. Our methods cope well with such partially observed facts, at both pattern-learning and constraint-reasoning stages. Experiments with health-related documents and with news articles demonstrate the viability of our method.
Differences among moisturizers in affecting skin susceptibility to hexyl nicotinate, measured as time to increase skin blood flow (2003)

The study shows differences in action between moisturizers, which may influence the skin susceptibility to other irritants and allergens in the environment.
Pharmacokinetics and ocular tissue penetration of VEGF trap after intravitreal injection in rabbits (2008)

Abstract Purpose VEGF Trap is a potent antiangiogenic agent that binds and blocks the action of all VEGF‐A isoforms and placental growth factor and, is active in numerous animal models of age‐related ocular neovascularization and diabetic retinopathy, when administered either intravitreally or systemically. Moreover, systemic administration of VEGF Trap was active in reducing excess retinal thickness in a Phase I study in age‐related macular edema. To understand the pharmacokinetics following intravitreal administration, VEGF Trap (500 mcg) was administered to both eyes of pigmented rabbits. Methods Plasma and eyes were harvested from three animals/time point at defined times to 4 weeks after administration. Concentrations of VEGF Trap, free and bound to VEGF, were determined in plasma, vitreous, choroid, and retina by ELISA. Results Maximal vitreal concentrations of free VEGF Trap were approximately 500 mcg/mL at 0.25 to 6 hours after injection. The drug was cleared from the vitreous in a first order process with a half‐life of approximately 4.5 days. Vitreal VEGF:VEGF Trap complex reached a plarteau of 0.6 mcg/mL 10 days after administration. Drug was detected in both retina and choroid, and the elimination profile from these tissues approximated by that of the vitreous. Peak plasma total drug concentrations of 1.6 mcg/mL occurred at 10 days. At 4 weeks, the vitreal free VEGF Trap remained over 10‐fold in excess of bound VEGF Trap and the complex levels were on a plateau. Conclusion Given the vitreal half‐life, free should remain in excess of bound for at least 3 additional half‐lives (13.5 days), suggesting that eye VEGF production would be completely blocked for more than 6 weeks after adminstration of of 500 mcg/eye of VEGF Trap. Commercial interest
Predicting the Risk for Dialysis or Death in IgA Nephropathy (2011)

For the individual patient with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN), it remains a challenge to predict long-term outcomes for patients receiving standard treatment. We studied a prospective cohort of 332 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN patients followed over an average of 13 years. We calculated an absolute renal risk (ARR) of dialysis or death by counting the number of risk factors present at diagnosis: hypertension, proteinuria ≥1 g/d, and severe pathologic lesions (global optical score, ≥8). Overall, the ARR score allowed significant risk stratification (P < 0.0001). The cumulative incidence of death or dialysis at 10 and 20 years was 2 and 4%, respectively, for ARR=0; 2 and 9% for ARR=1; 7 and 18% for ARR=2; and 29 and 64% for ARR=3, in adequately treated patients. When achieved, control of hypertension and reduction of proteinuria reduced the risk for death or dialysis. In conclusion, the absolute renal risk score, determined at diagnosis, associates with risk for dialysis or death.
Specific detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species by multiplex PCR (1995)

In Staphylococcus aureus, mecA and femA are the genetic determinants of methicillin resistance. By using a multiplex PCR strategy, 310- and 686-bp regions of the mecA and femA genes, respectively, were coamplified to identify susceptible (lacking mecA) and resistant (mecA+) staphylococci and to differentiate S. aureus (femA+) from coagulase-negative staphylococci (lacking femA). A third staphylococcal genomic sequence, corresponding to IS431 and spanning 444 bp, was used as a PCR control. One hundred sixty-five staphylococcal strains were tested. All 72 methicillin-resistant strains were found to be mecA+, and 92 of the 93 susceptible isolates lacked mecA. Only one coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolate carrying the mecA gene was highly susceptible to oxacillin. The femA determinant was a unique feature of S. aureus; it was found in 100% of the S. aureus strains tested but was undetectable in all of the coagulase-negative staphylococci tested. The possibility of directly detecting the mecA and femA genes in blood samples was also investigated. After two amplification steps, a sensitivity of 50 microorganisms per ml of freshly collected spiked blood was achieved. In conclusion, coamplification of mecA and femA determinants proved to be very reliable both for rapid detection of methicillin resistance and differential diagnosis between S. aureus and other staphylococci. This technique, which can be successfully performed with blood samples, could be a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of staphylococcal infections.
Variable phase-contrast fluorescence spectrometry for fluorescently stained cells (2006)

This letter describes the spectroscopic measurements of fluorescently stained cells. Variable phase-contrast fluorescence spectrometry was used on fluorescently stained cells to achieve high two-dimensional spatial resolution. Phase shift interferometry by autocorrelation interference made it possible to measure fluorescence spectra in the field of view without the separation of wavelengths, as in the case of a conventional dispersive spectrometer. In this letter, the authors describe the experimental characteristics of fluorescence spectra generated from fluorescently stained cells and verify that the fluorescence spectra of the stained area in the cells can be measured by our method.
Modulation of Calcium Signaling by Interleukin-13 in Human Airway Smooth Muscle (2004)

CD38/cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) signaling plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular calcium responses to agonists in a variety of cells, including airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. The present study was aimed at determining the effect of interleukin (IL)-13, a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, on CD38/cADPR signaling and to ascertain the contribution of CD38/cADPR signaling to IL-13-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Human ASM cells maintained in culture were exposed to 50 ng/ml IL-13 for 22 h and levels of CD38 expression and intracellular calcium responses to agonists were measured. Treatment of human ASM cells with IL-13 resulted in increased CD38 expression as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and indirect immunofluorescence. Increased CD38 expression was reflected as increased ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity in the ASM cell membranes. The net intracellular calcium responses to bradykinin, thrombin, and histamine were significantly (P < or = 0.05) higher in cells treated with IL-13 compared with controls. Furthermore, 8-bromo-cADPR, a cADPR antagonist, attenuated IL-13-induced augmented intracellular calcium responses to agonists in human ASM cells. These findings indicate that the CD38/cADPR-dependent pathway has a major role in IL-13-induced modulation of calcium signaling in human ASM.
Directed Differentiation and Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Motoneurons (2007)

Motoneurons represent a specialized class of neurons essential for the control of body movement. Motoneuron loss is the cause of a wide range of neurological disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy. Embryonic stem cells are a promising cell source for the study and potential treatment of motoneuron diseases. Here, we present a novel in vitro protocol of the directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into engraftable motoneurons. Neural induction of hESCs was induced on MS5 stromal feeders, resulting in the formation of neural rosettes. In response to sonic hedgehog and retinoic acid, neural rosettes were efficiently directed into spinal motoneurons with appropriate in vitro morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties. Global gene expression analysis was used as an unbiased measure to confirm motoneuron identity and type. Transplantation of motoneuron progeny into the developing chick embryo resulted in robust engraftment, maintenance of motoneuron phenotype, and long-distance axonal projections into peripheral host tissues. Transplantation into the adult rat spinal cord yielded neural grafts comprising a large number of human motoneurons with outgrowth of choline acetyltransferase positive fibers. These data provide evidence for in vivo survival of hESC-derived motoneurons, a key requirement in the development of hESC-based cell therapy in motoneuron disease. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Efficient Photoluminescence via Metal–Ligand Alteration in a New MOFs Family (2014)

Here, we introduce a family of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) whose photoluminescence is tunable through metal and organic ligand substitutions. The compounds in this family are composed of In, In–Eu, or Eu metal centers and organic ligand chromophores. Systematic variations in the metal and organic components resulted in materials with emissions ranging from white to red. The single-component white-light emitter material is made of In, 4,4′,4″-s-triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoic acid (TTB) and oxalic acid. Red-emitting MOFs composed of Eu metal centers and TTB ligands have a room temperature quantum yield (QY) of 50% and a 48% QY at 150 °C due to reversible thermal quenching. This is the highest quantum yield measured at elevated temperatures reported for this class of materials. The materials are thermally stable, retaining their high QY after heating at 150 °C for several hours. These thermal quenching/stability studies show the potential use of MOFs in devices that operate at elevated temperatures, such as white-light-emitting diodes for solid-state lighting. This is a unique study that correlates the QY, thermal quenching, and thermal stability of MOFs with structural properties.
An activin receptor IIA ligand trap promotes erythropoiesis resulting in a rapid induction of red blood cells and haemoglobin (2014)

Sotatercept (ACE-011), a recombinant human fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of the human Activin receptor IIA, binds to and inhibits activin and other members of the transforming growth factor -β (TGF-β) superfamily. Administration of sotatercept led to a rapid and sustained increase in red blood cell (RBC) count and haemoglobin (Hb) in healthy volunteers (phase I clinical trials), but the mechanism is not fully understood. Mice treated with RAP-011 (murine ortholog of ACE-011) respond with a rapid (within 24 h) increase in haematocrit, Hb, and RBC count. These effects are accompanied by an equally rapid stimulation of late-stage erythroid precursors in the bone marrow (BM). RAP-011 also induces a significant increase in erythroid burst-forming units and erythropoietin, which could contribute to additional, sustained effects on RBC production. Further in vitro co-culture studies demonstrate that BM accessory cells are required for RAP-011 effects. To better understand which TGF-β family ligand(s) mediate RAP-011 effects, we evaluated the impact of several of these ligands on erythroid differentiation. Our data suggest that RAP-011 may act to rescue growth differentiation factor 11/Activin A-induced inhibition of late-stage erythropoiesis. These data define the mechanism of action of a novel agent that regulates RBC differentiation and provide the rationale to develop sotatercept for the treatment of anaemia and ineffective erythropoiesis.
Discovery of AG-120 (Ivosidenib): A First-in-Class Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor for the Treatment of IDH1 Mutant Cancers (2018)

Somatic point mutations at a key arginine residue (R132) within the active site of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) confer a novel gain of function in cancer cells, resulting in the production of d-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite. Elevated 2-HG levels are implicated in epigenetic alterations and impaired cellular differentiation. IDH1 mutations have been described in an array of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Here, we report the discovery of AG-120 (ivosidenib), an inhibitor of the IDH1 mutant enzyme that exhibits profound 2-HG lowering in tumor models and the ability to effect differentiation of primary patient AML samples ex vivo. Preliminary data from phase 1 clinical trials enrolling patients with cancers harboring an IDH1 mutation indicate that AG-120 has an acceptable safety profile and clinical activity.
Novel Cis Element for Tissue-Specific Transcription of Rat Platelet-Derived Growth Factor β-Receptor Gene (1999)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors are widely expressed in several tissues in the stage of cellular growth and development. In adulthood, PDGF beta-receptor (PDGFbetaR) is mainly detected in pathological conditions such as atherosclerotic lesions and injured vascular wall. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PDGFbetaR gene expression under pathological conditions in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and to identify the important cis elements responsible for tissue-specific gene transcription. Gel mobility shift assay and supershift assay indicated that the CCAAT motif located at -67 (C67) was mainly interacted with NF-YC, and this element drove the basal promoter activity of the gene as a putative promoter. On the other hand, another important sequence essential for the basal transcription was found at a 30-bp region (R30) spanning -150 to -121. To test whether R30 actually regulates the tissue-specific transcription of PDGFbetaR gene, electromobility shift pattern was compared between VSMC and hepatoma cell line (HTC). We obtained the result that DNA-protein complex seen only in nuclear extracts from HTC suppressed the promoter activity in HTC in a tissue-specific manner. Furthermore, cis element decoy transfection experiments for C67 and R30 also revealed that both elements were functionally important in mRNA expression of PDGFbetaR in VSMC. From these results, we concluded that the basal activity of PDGFbetaR gene expression was transactivated by the interaction or coordination of both C67 and R30, and the latter one mainly controlled the tissue-specific gene expression in VSMC.
Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals, 2002 (2007)

HAIs in hospitals are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The method described for estimating the number of HAIs makes the best use of existing data at the national level.
0.1 mu m CMOS devices using low-impurity-channel transistors (LICT) (2002)

It was found that LICTs are very effective for providing low threshold voltages with good turn-offs in 0.1 mu m CMOS devices. Attention is given to device fabrication criteria, key process technologies used, and the features achieved using LICTs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sum Frequency Spectra in the C-H Stretch Region of Adsorbates on Iron (1993)

Infrared-visible sum frequency generation (SFG) was used to record vibrational spectra in the C-H stretch region of single monolayer Langmuir-Blodgett films of stearic acid, octadecylamine, and p-octadecylphenyl acetic acid on iron oxide, demonstrating the sensitivity of SFG to about 0.1 monolayer. Within our present signal-to-noise limitations, it was not possible to obtain SFG spectra of the aromatic C-H stretch in p-octadecylphenyl acetic acid or the N-H stretch in octadecylamine. Vibrational spectra in the C-H stretch region have also been obtained for chemically adsorbed monolayers of stearic acid and oleic imidazoline on iron oxide; however an undetermined fraction of these spectra result from hydrocarbon contamination. Finally, an SFG spectrum was obtained at a buried interface, that of p-octadecylphenyl acetic acid on iron oxide under water. The potential of SFG as a surface analytical tool is discussed.
Ocular Age Pigment “A2-E”:  An Unprecedented Pyridinium Bisretinoid (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOcular Age Pigment "A2-E": An Unprecedented Pyridinium BisretinoidNaomi Sakai, John Decatur, Koji Nakanishi, and Graig E. EldredView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York, New York 10027 Mason Institute of Ophthalmology University of MissouriColumbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 6, 1559–1560Publication Date (Web):February 14, 1996Publication History Received16 October 1995Published online14 February 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja953480ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja953480grapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views655Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aggregation,Cations,Chemical structure,Dyes and pigments,Fluorophores Get e-Alerts
A Japanese lyrics writing support system for amateur songwriters (2012)

In this paper, we propose a lyrics writing support system focused on the number of syllables, rhyme and word accent. The system generates candidate sentences that satisfy user-specified conditions based on N-gram, and presents them. Users can use the system like a dictionary, and write lyrics be choosing presented sentences. In our subjective evaluations, we have investigated how the system is utilized for writing lyrics actually. The log of using the system and the questionnaires showed that users want the system to present words suitable for their images, and they used the presented words as keywords of a lyrics rather than as they are.