gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recovering photometric properties of architectural scenes from photographs (1998)

In this paper, we present a new approach to producing photorealistic computer renderings of real architectural scenes under novel lighting conditions, such as at different times of day, starting from a small set of photographs of the real scene. Traditional texture mapping approaches to image-based modeling and rendering are unable to do this because texture maps are the product of the interaction between lighting and surface reflectance and one cannot deal with novel lighting without dissecting their respective contributions. To obtain this decomposition into lighting and reflectance, our basic approach is to solve a series of optimization problems to find the parameters of appropriate lighting and reflectance models that best explain the measured values in the various photographs of the scene. The lighting models include the radiance distributions from the sun and the sky, as well as the landscape to consider the effect of secondary illumination from the environment. The reflectance models are for the surfaces of the architecture. Photographs are taken for the sun, the sky, the landscape, as well as the architecture at a few different times of day to collect enough data for recovering the various lighting and reflectance models. We can predict novel illumination conditions with the recovered lighting models and use these together with the recovered reflectance values to produce renderings of the scene. Our results show that our goal of generating photorealistic renderings of real architectural scenes under novel lighting conditions has been achieved. CR Categories: I.2.10 [Artificial Intelligence]: Vision and Scene Understanding—modeling and recovery of physical attributes I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-dimensional Graphics and Realism—color, shading, shadowing, and texture , visible line/surface algorithms I.4.8 [Image Processing]: Scene Analysis—color, photometry, shading
Inhibition of bcl-xLexpression by antisense oligonucleotides containing various bridged nucleic acids (BNAs) (2007)

Recently, we described the antisense activity of 2',4'-BNA oligonucleotides in living cells.(1) Here, we examine the antisense effect of 2',4'-BNA, 2',4'-(COC) and 3'-amino-2',4'-BNA oligonucleotides targeting the bcl-xL gene. The results showed that while S-oligo had a slightly inhibiting effect on bcl-xL expression and natural DNA had no effect, an antisense oligonucleotide (AON) containing six 2',4'-(COC) nucleotides reduced the bcl-xL mRNA level to 64% of the untreated level. Interestingly, several types of AON-those containing nine 2',4'-BNA(COC) nucleotides, 2',4'-BNA and 3'-amino-2',4'-BNA- completely inhibited expression of the target gene. These data show that, compared with the corresponding natural DNA and S-oligo, BNA-based AONs are efficient inhibitors of bcl-xL expression.
Pharmacological inhibition of integrin αvβ3 aggravates experimental liver fibrosis and suppresses hepatic angiogenesis # (2009)

Specific inhibition of integrin alphavbeta3 (alphavbeta5) in vivo decreased angiogenesis but worsened biliary (BDL) and septal (TAA) fibrosis, despite its antifibrogenic effect on HSCs in vitro. Angiogenesis inhibitors should be used with caution in patients with hepatic fibrosis.
Regulatory T Cells Attenuate Th17 Cell-Mediated Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in a Model of Parkinson’s Disease (2010)

Nitrated alpha-synuclein (N-alpha-syn) immunization elicits adaptive immune responses to novel antigenic epitopes that exacerbate neuroinflammation and nigrostriatal degeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of Parkinson's disease. We show that such neuroimmune degenerative activities, in significant measure, are Th17 cell-mediated, with CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) dysfunction seen among populations of N-alpha-syn-induced T cells. In contrast, purified vasoactive intestinal peptide induced and natural Tregs reversed N-alpha-syn T cell nigrostriatal degeneration. Combinations of adoptively transferred N-alpha-syn and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunocytes or natural Tregs administered to MPTP mice attenuated microglial inflammatory responses and led to robust nigrostriatal protection. Taken together, these results demonstrate Treg control of N-alpha-syn-induced neurodestructive immunity and, as such, provide a sound rationale for future Parkinson's disease immunization strategies.
Transportable natural-language interfaces to databases (1981)

Article Free AccessTransportable natural-language interfaces to databases Share on Authors: Gary G. Hendrix SRI International, Menlo Park, California SRI International, Menlo Park, CaliforniaView Profile , William H. Lewis SRI International, Menlo Park, California SRI International, Menlo Park, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACL '81: Proceedings of the 19th annual meeting on Association for Computational LinguisticsJune 1981 Pages 159–165https://doi.org/10.3115/981923.981965Online:29 June 1981Publication History 10citation208DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations10Total Downloads208Last 12 Months43Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Energetics of Propellant Chemistry (1964)

Energetics of propellant chemistry , Energetics of propellant chemistry , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Temperature and thickness dependence of steam oxidation of AlAs in cylindrical mesa structures (2001)

The Deal-Grove model of thermal oxidation kinetics is adapted to cylindrically symmetric mesa structures and applied to study steam oxidation of AlAs. Oxidation process parameters are extracted from available experimental data as functions of temperature and the AlAs layer thickness. The oxidation rate is found to be very sensitive not only to temperature, but also to the oxidation front position inside the mesa. The oxidation rate slows down as the oxidation front moves into the mesa, reaches a minimum, and then accelerates at the final stages of the oxidation process. Complex nonmonotonic dependence of the oxidation process on layer thickness is also revealed.
Human mesenchymal stem cells respond to fibroblast growth factors. (1997)

Human mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from bone marrow aspirates, purified and cultured for many passages without losing their unique properties. One of the hallmarks of stem cells is pluripotency, and human mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to assume phenotypes of mesenchymal tissues including, but not limited to, those of osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Due to their ability to form cartilage, bone, fat and other connective tissue, human mesenchymal stem cells have great potential in regenerating diseased or injured tissues. Successful growth of human mesenchymal stem cells is essential to this process, and we have examined the response of human mesenchymal stem cells towards FGF1 and FGF2, two potent growth factors for human tissues. We provide evidence that: 1) human mesenchymal stem cells produce mRNA for receptors for FGF1 and FGF2; 2) these receptors can be detected on the surface of human mesenchymal stem cells; 3) FGF1 and FGF2 increase the rate at which human mesenchymal stem cells proliferate.
Intramural Delivery of Agent via a Novel Drug-Delivery Sleeve (1995)

Agent delivery via the infusion sleeve is pressure dependent; transmural delivery is possible with minimal disruption of arterial wall architecture; the infusion sleeve is compatible with standard angioplasty equipment; and heparin delivery at the site of balloon injury significantly reduces platelet deposition in a porcine model for a minimum of 12 hours.
The Suggested Physiologic Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activator and Cytochrome P4501 Substrate 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole Is Present in Humans (2008)

Dioxins and other polycyclic aromatic compounds formed during the combustion of waste and fossil fuels represent a risk to human health, as well as to the well being of our environment. Compounds of this nature exert carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting effects in experimental animals by binding to the orphan aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Understanding the mechanism of action of these pollutants, as well as the physiological role(s) of the AhR, requires identification of the endogenous ligand(s) of this receptor. We reported earlier that activation of AhR by ultraviolet radiation is mediated by the chromophoric amino acid tryptophan (Trp), and we suggested that a new class of compounds derived from Trp, in particular 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), acts as natural high affinity ligands for this receptor. Here we describe seven new FICZ-derived indolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carboxylic acid metabolites and two sulfoconjugates, and we demonstrate the following. (i) FICZ is formed efficiently by photolysis of Trp upon exposure to visible light. (ii) FICZ is an exceptionally good substrate for cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A1, 1A2, and 1B1, and its hydroxylated metabolites are remarkably good substrates for the sulfotransferases (SULTs) 1A1, 1A2, 1B1, and 1E1. Finally, (iii) sulfoconjugates of phenolic metabolites of FICZ are present in human urine. Our findings indicate that formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazols are the most potent naturally occurring activators of the AhR signaling pathway and may be the key substrates of the CYP1 and SULT1 families of enzymes. These conclusions contradict the widespread view that xenobiotic compounds are the major AhR ligands and CYP1 substrates.
IL-18 and CD28 use distinct molecular mechanisms to enhance NK cell production of IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. (1999)

NK cells play an important role in innate immune resistance, particularly through synthesis of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma. This study compares the abilities of the cytokine IL-18 and the costimulatory cell surface molecule CD28 to enhance IL-12-driven IFN-gamma production by NK cells. Studies with other cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-15) showed that IL-18 or anti-CD28 treatments were the most efficient inducers of IFN-gamma when combined with IL-12. The ability of IL-18 to enhance IFN-gamma was shown to be dependent on the presence of IL-12. Similarly, although anti-CD28 stimulation alone could enhance IFN-gamma synthesis, this effect was significantly increased in the presence of IL-12. Although neither method of costimulation required de novo protein synthesis for their effects on IFN-gamma mRNA expression, these molecules used distinct mechanisms. Specifically, nuclear run-on analysis revealed that IL-18 in combination with IL-12 enhanced the rate of transcription of the IFN-gamma gene. Conversely, treatment with anti-CD28 plus IL-12 did not significantly up-regulate the rate of transcription of the IFN-gamma gene, but stabilized IFN-gamma mRNA expression within NK cells. These findings illustrate costimulatory pathways that result in potent IFN-gamma responses by NK cells and show that although IL-18 and anti-CD28 can enhance the synthesis of IL-12-driven IFN-gamma, they employ molecular mechanisms that are distinct from one another.
Novel preprocessing technique to improve harmonic distortion in airborne parametric array (2003)

A novel modified preprocessing technique is proposed to reduce harmonic distortion in an airborne parametric array, which is designed to reproduce highly directed audible sound. This technique is based on the idea that the harmonic distortion is not fully canceled around 10 kHz because of the mismatch of phase and amplitude, even though previous simple preprocessing is activated. A digital filter is designed to compensate for this phase and amplitude mismatch. This linearization technique is verified by an experiment with an airborne parametric array for which the carrier frequency was 40 kHz. The results show that the second harmonic is reduced 11 dB and total harmonic distortion (THD) is improved 20% around 10 kHz compared to previous preprocessing. The proposed modified preprocessing is effective and good results render this technique suitable for the reproduction of high quality audible sound with high directivity.
Development of new DNA markers linked to the Fusarium wilt resistance locus Fom‐1 in melon (2010)

With 5 figures and 2 tables Abstract Use of resistance genes would be the most effective way to address Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis in melon. In this study, based on the BAC 31O16 sequence which contains the cluster of melon resistance gene homologue, we developed four new DNA markers linked to Fom‐1 , a dominant resistance gene against F. oxysporum f.sp. melonis races 0 and 2. Linkage analysis using 125 F 2 plants derived from the cross between P11 ( fom‐1fom‐1 ) and MR‐1 ( Fom‐1Fom‐1 ) indicated that Fom‐1 was located between CAPS markers C‐MRGH12 and 62‐CAPS at a distance of 0.4 and 1.2 cM, respectively. Map position of Fom‐1 was confirmed using another mapping population consisting of 104 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross P11 × MR‐1. The analysis of 43 fixed lines and 27 commercial F 1 hybrids showed that the developed DNA markers linked to Fom‐1 correctly predicted the genotype in relation to the variety, suggesting that the region around the Fom‐1 locus is very polymorphic or there is no linkage disequilibrium between the locus and the marker loci.
Colorectal cancer risk, chronic illnesses, operations, and medications: case control results from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. (1988)

The associations between colorectal cancer risk and several chronic illnesses, operations, and various medications were examined in 715 colorectal cancer cases and 727 age/sex-matched controls in data derived from a large, comprehensive, population-based study of this cancer conducted in Melbourne, Australia. There was a statistically significant deficit among cases of hypertension, heart disease, stroke, chronic chest disease, and chronic arthritis and a statistically significant excess of "hemorrhoids" among cases, and all of these differences were consistent for both colon and rectal cancer and for both males and females. Although no statistically significant differences were found for other cancers, there were twice as many breast cancers among cases (16) than among controls and also there were 9 uterine cancers among cases and only 2 among controls. There was a statistically significant deficit among cases in the use of aspirin-containing medication and vitamin supplements, and this was consistent for both colon and rectal cancer and for both males and females. There was a statistically significant excess of large bowel polypectomy among cases. The modeling of these significant associations simultaneously in a logistic regression equation indicated that hypertension, heart disease, chronic arthritis, and aspirin use were each independent effects and consistent for both colon and rectal cancer for both males and females and also that these effects were independent of dietary risk factors previously described in the Melbourne study. The possible relevance of these findings towards an understanding of colorectal cancer risk and etiology is discussed.
Electrophoretic Analysis of the Multiple Forms of Dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides (1986)

Multiple forms of the extracellular dextransucrase [EC 2.4.1.5] from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F strain were characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Based on the Rm (Relative mobility) values, a newly devised simple plot of log (Rm X 10/(1-Rm)) vs. degree of association of the enzyme showed a good correlation with the results obtained by the Hedrick-Smith method. Both results indicated that the B-512F dextransucrase aggregates were a mixture of two types of forms, i.e., oligomers of a 65 kDa protomer and their charge isomers. Boiling and treatment of the enzyme at pH 10.5 suggested that enzyme aggregates contained dextran or its fragments bound to the enzyme and the enzyme-dextran complex showed the charge isomerism. Since the highly aggregated forms showed higher activity for dextran synthesis than the dissociated forms, the endogenous dextran may serve as a source of primer and may stabilize the enzyme molecule. Besides allosteric regulation of the activity, the occurrence of oligomeric forms of the enzyme may play an important role in the control of dextran synthesis in vivo.
Biosynthesis of heparin. Relationship between the polymerization and sulphation processes (1989)

Incubation of a mouse mastocytoma microsomal fraction with UDP-[3H]GlcA and UDP-GlcNAc yielded proteoglycans containing non-sulphated polysaccharide chains. Similar incubations performed in the presence of sulphate donor 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS) produced both sulphated and non-sulphated proteoglycans, which were separated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose Analysis by gel chromatography of single polysaccharide chains, released from the proteoglycans by alkali treatment, showed that the non-sulphated chains produced during incubation for 5 min or 25 min, either in the absence or in the presence of PAPS, were of fairly small molecular size, with an average peak Mr of approx. 10 x 10(3)-15 x 10(3). In contrast, the sulphated chains exceeded Mr 100 x 10(3) Pulse-chase experiments suggested that sulphated chains were capable of further elongation. These results indicate that sulphation promotes, by so far unknown mechanisms, further chain elongation. Sulphated proteoglycan (retarded on DEAE-cellulose chromatography) isolated after similar incubation of the microsomal fraction for 1 min only was found to contain a mixture of sulphated and virtually non-sulphated polysaccharide chains. However, when [35S]PAPS was included in the incubations, some 35S was found to be associated, essentially as N-sulphate groups, also with the latter type of chains, preferentially the high-Mr fraction. These results are interpreted in terms of a biosynthetic model by which the heparin proteoglycan is generated through transient interactions of macromolecular intermediates with distinctly separate complexes of membranebound enzymes.
RNA Isolation from Mammalian Samples (2013)

Abstract RNA can be extracted from cultured cells, peripheral blood, bone marrow, plasma, serum, body fluids, and fresh or frozen tissues. RNA can also be extracted from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues. Methods for RNA extraction can be divided into three groups: phenol/chloroform extraction, silica spin‐column absorption, and isopycnic gradient centrifugation. Two different RNA isolation procedures are described in this unit. The first basic protocol describes a one‐step isolation involving monophasic lysis with guanidine isothiocyanate and phenol followed by chloroform extraction. The second basic protocol describes a silica‐column separation method for RNA isolation. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol . 103:4.16.1–4.16.16. © 2013 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Pulmonary Endothelial Progenitor Cells (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Resident EPCs Pulmonary EC Developmental Heterogeneity Comparison of Pulmonary Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelial Proliferation Isolation of Pulmonary Resident Microvascular EPCs Preliminary Observations on Molecule that Regulates Pulmonary Rmepc Activity In Vitro Clinical Disorders Associated with Diminished Lung Growth or Remodeling Vascular EC Growth Promotes Lung Development Pathophysiology of BPD and Role of VEGF in Lung Injury and Repair Therapeutic Potential of Angiogenic Growth Factors in Lung Disease Potential Role of Rmepcs in BPD Conclusions and Perspectives References
Rethinking Regulation of Credit Rating Agencies: An Institutional Investor Perspective (2009)

This white paper was commissioned by the Council of Institutional Investors for the purpose of educating its members, policymakers, and the general public about important credit rating agency regulation proposals and their potential impact on investors. It offers an institutional investor perspective of the pros and cons of several proposals for redesigning credit rating agency regulation. It focuses on two areas of primary importance - oversight and accountability - and offers specific recommendations in both areas. First, Congress should create a new Credit Rating Agency Oversight Board (CRAOB) with the power to regulate rating agency practices, including disclosure, conflicts of interest, and rating methodologies, as well as the ability to coordinate the reduction of reliance on ratings. Alternatively, Congress could enhance the authority of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to grant it similar power to oversee the rating business. Second, Congress should eliminate the effective exemption of rating agencies from liability and make rating agencies more accountable by treating them the same as banks, accountants, and lawyers. As financial gatekeepers with little incentive to “get it right,” credit rating agencies pose a systemic risk. Creating a rating agency oversight board and strengthening the accountability of rating agencies is thus consistent with the broader push by U.S. policymakers for greater systemic risk oversight. Over the long term, other measures for assessing credit risk may become more acceptable and accessible to regulators and investors. Meanwhile, a more powerful overseer and broader accountability would help reposition credit rating agencies as true information intermediaries.
Efficacy of circumferential pulmonary vein ablation of atrial fibrillation in endurance athletes (2009)

Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation was as effective in AF secondary to endurance sport practice as in other aetiologies of AF.
Deflection detection and feedback actuation using a self-excited piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 microcantilever for dynamic scanning force microscopy (1996)

We have developed a dynamic scanning force microscope (SFM) that utilizes microfabricated Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, (PZT) cantilever for lever excitation, deflection sensing and tip-sample spacing control. The lever is a unimorph centilever including a sol–gel derived PZT thin film that has high piezoelectric constants in comparison with sputtered ZnO films. For dynamic operation, the excitation ac voltage signal superimposed on the actuation dc voltage is applied to the PZT layer. The variation of vibration amplitude is detected by measuring the change of current through the layer. By actuating the self-excited cantilever to keep the current constant, we obtain topography images without z actuation of the sample-side scanner. The 200-μm-long PZT microcantilever with the natural resonance frequency of 63.8 kHz has the high actuation sensitivity of 150 nm/V and the maximum range of more than 1.5 μm. Using the SFM, we have obtained the clear cyclic contact images of an evaporated Au film surface.