gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A putative FAD‐binding domain in a distinct group of oxidases including a protein involved in plant development (1995)

Using methods for database screening with individual protein sequences and alignment blocks, a conserved domain is delineated in a group of proteins including several FAD-dependent oxidases. Two motifs within this domain resemble phosphate-binding loops and may be directly involved in FAD binding. These motifs can be readily distinguished from previously described nucleotide-binding sites using a method for database screening with position-dependent weight matrices derived from alignment blocks. Unexpectedly, this group of known and predicted FAD-dependent oxidases includes the product of the DIMINUTO gene, which is involved in Arabidopsis development, and its homologues from man and Mycobacterium leprae.
Synthetic approaches to haplophytine. 2. Synthesis of 4-methylamino-1-(2-furanyl)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)butan-1-one (1983)

Approaches to the synthesis of compounds related to the 7-aryl-7-[3-(1-hydroxy-2-aminophenyl)]-9-methylamino-5,6-dioxononanoic acid moiety (3) of the alkaloid haplophytine and its dihydrobromide are described. Treatment of the dianion of phenyl (o-pivaloylamidophenyl)methane with 2-furancarboxaldehyde followed by oxidation of the resulting alcohol gives 1-(2-furanyl)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)ethanone (14). This on allylation gives 1-allyloxy-1-(2-furanyl)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)ethene (20), which on being heated at 80–95 °C undergoes an intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction. Heating the resulting product or 20 at 165 °C converts them to the C-allylation product of 14, 1-(2-furanyl)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)pent-4-en-1-one (22). Oxidation of 22 gives 4-(2-furoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-1-pivaloyl-2-quinolinol, which on Borch reduction gives 4-methylamino-1-(2-furanyl)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)butan-1-one (24) and 2-(2-furanyl)-1-methyl-3-phenyl-3-(2-pivaloylamidophenyl)pyrrolidine. Compound 24 is a potential advanced intermediate for the synthesis of compounds related to 3. Experiments directed to the incorporation of a methoxyl or methylthio substituent at the C-5 position of the furan ring of 24 are also described.
Directory of Archaeological Societies (1999)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Isolation, Characterization, and Developmental Expression of the Rat Peptide-YY Gene (1991)

In the present study we describe the isolation, structural characterization, and developmental expression of the gene encoding the intestinal hormone peptide-YY. Examination of the nucleotide sequence of the peptide-YY gene reveals that each of the four exons encodes a functional domain of its mRNA that is analogous to the corresponding exons of the genes encoding two closely related peptides neuropeptide-Y and pancreatic polypeptide. The highly conserved structural organization of the genes encoding this family of three peptides suggests that each gene arose from the duplication of a common ancestral gene. Developmental studies reveal that the peptide-YY gene exhibits a complex pattern of tissue-specific expression in the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike many gastrointestinal hormones, peptide-YY mRNA levels are highest before birth. The pancreas appears to be the major site of peptide-YY gene expression in the fetus, exceeding colonic expression by 7-fold. The abundance of peptide-YY mRNA in the pancreas declines rapidly after birth, in contrast to the colon, where mRNA levels are maintained throughout development into adulthood. Expression of the peptide-YY gene before birth antedates the presence of known enteral secretagogues for this hormone, suggesting alternate mechanisms that control its biosynthesis during development.
Chloride-Cotransport Blockade Desynchronizes Neuronal Discharge in the “Epileptic” Hippocampal Slice (2000)

Antagonism of the chloride-cotransport system in hippocampal slices has been shown to block spontaneous epileptiform (i.e., hypersynchronized) discharges without diminishing excitatory synaptic transmission. Here we test the hypotheses that chloride-cotransport blockade, with furosemide or low-chloride (low-[Cl(-)](o)) medium, desynchronizes the firing activity of neuronal populations and that this desynchronization is mediated through nonsynaptic mechanisms. Spontaneous epileptiform discharges were recorded from the CA1 and CA3 cell body layers of hippocampal slices. Treatment with low-[Cl(-)](o) medium led to cessation of spontaneous synchronized bursting in CA1 >/=5-10 min before its disappearance from CA3. During the time that CA3 continued to burst spontaneously but CA1 was silent, electrical stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals showed that hyperexcited CA1 synaptic responses were maintained. Paired intracellular recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells showed that during low-[Cl(-)](o) treatment, the timing of action potential discharges became desynchronized; desynchronization was identified with phase lags in firing times of action potentials between pairs of neurons as well as a with a broadening and diminution of the CA1 field amplitude. Continued exposure to low-[Cl(-)](o) medium increased the degree of the firing-time phase shifts between pairs of CA1 pyramidal cells until the epileptiform CA1 field potential was abolished completely. Intracellular recordings during 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) treatment showed that prolonged low-[Cl(-)](o) exposure did not diminish the frequency or amplitude of spontaneous postsynaptic potentials. CA3 antidromic responses to Schaffer collateral stimulation were not significantly affected by prolonged low-[Cl(-)](o) exposure. In contrast to CA1, paired intracellular recordings from CA3 pyramidal cells showed that chloride-cotransport blockade did not cause a significant desynchronization of action potential firing times in the CA3 subregion at the time that CA1 synchronous discharge was blocked but did reduce the number of action potentials associated with CA3 burst discharges. These data support our hypothesis that the anti-epileptic effects of chloride-cotransport antagonism in CA1 are mediated through the desynchronization of population activity. We hypothesize that interference with Na(+),K(+),2Cl(-) cotransport results in an increase in extracellular potassium ([K(+)](o)) that reduces the number of action potentials that are able to invade axonal arborizations and varicosities in all hippocampal subregions. This reduced efficacy of presynaptic action potential propagation ultimately leads to a reduction of synaptic drive and a desynchronization of the firing of CA1 pyramidal cells.
G3BP1 contributes to tumor metastasis via upregulation of Slug expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. (2016)

RasGAP SH3-domain-Binding Protein 1 (G3BP1) has been implicated in cell growth, migration, and metastasis of some cancers, yet its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be explored. In the present study, we reported that G3BP1 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous liver tissues both in mRNA and protein levels, and its high expression was significantly correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functional analyses demonstrated that forced expression of G3BP1 in HCC cells promoted cell migration, and silenced expression of G3BP1 by RNA interference caused opposite effects. Moreover, G3BP1 knockdown attenuated the distant metastasis capacity of HCC cells through tail vein injection approach in nude mice model. At molecular mechanism, we found G3BP1 knockdown decreased Slug expression, and increased the expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin. Overexpression of Slug could restore the phenotype of G3BP1 silencing induced cell migration inhibition. Together, our data establish G3BP1 as an oncogenic factor involved in the metastasis of HCC and suggest that G3BP1 might serve as a novel predictor for patients' outcome.
A Greener Synthesis of Core (Fe, Cu)-Shell (Au, Pt, Pd, and Ag) Nanocrystals Using Aqueous Vitamin C (2007)

A greener method to fabricate novel core (Fe and Cu)-shell (noble metals) metal nanocrystals using aqueous ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is described. Transition metal salts such as Cu and Fe were reduced using ascorbic acid, a benign naturally available antioxidant, and then addition of noble metal salts resulted in the formation of the core–shell structure depending on the core and shell material used for the preparation. Pt yielded a tennis ball kind of structure with a Cu core, whereas Pd and Au formed regular spherical nanoparticles. Au, Pt, and Pd formed cube-shaped structures with Fe as the core. Inversely, transition metals with noble metals, such as Pd, as the core also formed interesting structures; these structures were brushlike with indium as the shell and needle-like when Cu was employed as the shell. The method is general uses no surfactant or capping agent and can be extended to noble metals as cores and transition metals as shells. The core–shell nanocrystals were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and UV–vis spectroscopy. These nanocrystals have unique properties that are not originally present in either the core or shell materials and may have potential functions in catalysis, biosensors, energy storage systems, nanodevices, and ever-expanding other technological applications.
Hormones and growth factors in nipple aspirates from normal women and benign breast disease patients. (1992)

Several reports have indicated that the breast fluid obtained by nipple aspiration provides valuable biological material for inclusion in studies of breast cancer biochemical epidemiology. Breast fluids contain a variety of hormones and growth factors, often at concentrations considerably higher than those in the corresponding serum. Aspirates from benign breast disease patients have very high levels of bioactive lactogenic hormones and, to a lesser extent, immunoassayable prolactin, compared with healthy controls. A growth hormone-like protein, recognized in a radioimmunoassay but not in a growth hormone-specific immunoradiometric assay, and lacking activity in the Nb2 cell bioassay, is usually present in fluids from Finnish (low breast cancer risk) but not American (high breast cancer risk) women. Epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha are present in breast fluids, with preliminary indications that these functionally related polypeptides occur at relatively high concentrations in benign breast disease.
Infectious Complications of Indwelling Vascular Catheters (1992)

Journal Article Infectious Complications of Indwelling Vascular Catheters Get access Issam I. Raad, Issam I. Raad From the Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Specialties, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Issam Raad, Infectious Diseases (Box 47), The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gerald P. Bodey Gerald P. Bodey From the Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Specialties, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 15, Issue 2, August 1992, Pages 197–210, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/15.2.197 Published: 01 August 1992 Article history Received: 14 February 1992 Revision received: 28 April 1992 Published: 01 August 1992
The Bis-Trityl Route to (S)-HPMPA (1989)

Abstract (S)-HPMPA, (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl)methoxypropyl)-adenine 1, a broad spectrum adenine nucleotide antiviral, was prepared from (S)-DHPA 2. Protection of (S)-DHPA 2 as its′ N,O-di-trityl derivative 3 followed by regioselective 2′-O-alkylation with p-toluene-sulfonyloxymethyldiethylphosphonate yielded bis-trityl-protected diethyl-(S)-HPMPA 4. De-protection and ester cleavage gave (S)-HPMPA 1.
A fresh look at NASH pathogenesis. Part 1: The metabolic movers (2010)

The strong relationship between over-nutrition, central obesity, insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) suggest pathogenic interactions, but key questions remain. NAFLD starts with over-nutrition, imbalance between energy input and output for which the roles of genetic predisposition and environmental factors (diet, physical activity) are being redefined. Regulation of energy balance operates at both central nervous system and peripheral sites, including adipose and liver. For example, the endocannabinoid system could potentially be modulated to provide effective pharmacotherapy of NAFLD. The more profound the metabolic abnormalities complicating over-nutrition (glucose intolerance, hypoadiponectinemia, metabolic syndrome), the more likely is NAFLD to take on its progressive guise of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Interactions between steatosis and insulin resistance, visceral adipose expansion and subcutaneous adipose failure (with insulin resistance, inflammation and hypoadiponectinemia) trigger amplifying mechanisms for liver disease. Thus, transition from simple steatosis to NASH could be explained by unmitigated hepatic lipid partitioning with failure of local adaptive mechanisms leading to lipotoxicity. In part one of this review, we discuss newer concepts of appetite and metabolic regulation, bodily lipid distribution, hepatic lipid turnover, insulin resistance and adipose failure affecting adiponectin secretion. We review evidence that NASH only occurs when over-nutrition is complicated by insulin resistance and a highly disordered metabolic milieu, the same 'metabolic movers' that promote type 2 diabetes and atheromatous cardiovascular disease. The net effect is accumulation of lipid molecules in the liver. Which lipids and how they cause injury, inflammation and fibrosis will be discussed in part two.
The Myocardium-protective Gly-49 Variant of the β1-Adrenergic Receptor Exhibits Constitutive Activity and Increased Desensitization and Down-regulation (2002)

The beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)AR) is a major mediator of catecholamine effects in human heart. Patients with heart failure who were hetero- or homozygous for the Gly-49 variant of the beta(1)AR (Gly-49-beta(1)AR) showed improved long-term survival as compared with those with the Ser-49 genotype. Here, the functional consequences of this polymorphism were studied in cells expressing either variant. The Gly-49-beta(1)AR demonstrated characteristic features of constitutively active receptors. In cells expressing the Gly-49-beta(1)AR, both basal and agonist-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activities were higher than in cells expressing the Ser-49 variant (Ser-49-beta(1)AR). The Gly-49-beta(1)AR was more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the inverse agonist metoprolol and displayed increased affinity for agonists. Isoproterenol potency for adenylyl cyclase activation was higher on membranes expressing the Gly-49-beta(1)AR than on those expressing the Ser-49-beta(1)AR. After incubation with saturating concentrations of catecholamines or sustained stimulation, the Gly-49 variant showed a much higher desensitization, which largely prevailed over constitutive activity in terms of cAMP accumulation. The Gly-49-beta(1)AR also displayed a more profound agonist-promoted down-regulation than the Ser-49 variant. The stronger regulation of the Gly-49-beta(1)AR could explain the beneficial effect of the Gly-49 genotypes on survival, further supporting the concept that beta(1)AR desensitization is protective in heart failure.
Cytopathic Effect and Plaque Formation by Arboviruses in a Continuous Cell Line (XTC-2) from the Toad Xenopus laevis (1977)

Forty-six arboviruses were tested for c.p.e. and/or plaque formation in an amphibian cell line. C.p.e. was observed with a high proportion of the viruses tested. Comparative plaque assay, in the XTC-2 cells at 28 degrees C and Vero cells at 37 degrees C, suggests that these systems are comparable in sensitivity and susceptibility to infection. Practical uses of this cell line are discussed.
Purification and Characterization of theSchizosaccharomyces pombe Origin Recognition Complex (2002)

The origin recognition complex (ORC) plays a central role in the initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. It interacts with origins of DNA replication in chromosomal DNA and recruits additional replication proteins to form functional initiation complexes. These processes have not been well characterized at the biochemical level except in the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORC. We report here the expression, purification, and initial characterization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ORC (SpORC) containing six recombinant subunits. Purified SpORC binds efficiently to the ars1 origin of DNA replication via the essential Nterminal domain of the SpOrc4 subunit which contains nine AT-hook motifs. Competition binding experiments demonstrated that SpORC binds preferentially to DNA molecules rich in AT-tracts, but does not otherwise exhibit a high degree of sequence specificity. The complex is capable of binding to multiple sites within the ars1 origin of DNA replication with similar affinities, indicating that the sequence requirements for origin recognition in S. pombe are significantly less stringent than in S. cerevisiae. We have also demonstrated that SpORC interacts directly with Cdc18p, an essential fission yeast initiation protein, and recruits it to the ars1 origin in vitro. Recruitment of Cdc18p to chromosomal origins is a likely early step in the initiation of DNA replication in vivo. These data indicate that the purified recombinant SpORC retains at least two of its primary biological functions and that it will be useful for the eventual reconstitution of the initiation reaction with purified proteins.
Cardiovascular Health and Disease in Women (1993)

...In January 1992, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\nconvened an invitational conference, "Cardiovascular Health and Disease in\nWomen," to highlight new information derived from epidemiologic and clinical\nresearch that was appropriate for clinical application and that required wider\ndissemination and to identify gaps in contemporary knowledge that impeded the\ndelivery of optimal cardiovascular care to women. In addition to addressing\ngeneral issues of the cardiovascular health of women, this article summarizes\nthe recommendations of the conference....Research should focus on aspects of\ncardiovascular disease that are unique to women, or areas in which comparisons\nbetween women and men are unavailable or inadequate. When elderly people are\nunderrepresented in research studies, women are disproportionately excluded. \nWomen should be encouraged by their physicians to participate in research\nstudies; adequate diversity in terms of age, race, ethnic group, culture, and\nsocioeconomic status should be present in the groups of women studied. \nPrerandomization stratification according to sex has been recommended for\nlarge clinical trials to permit separate evaluation of the sexes. The\ninfrequent inclusion of women in clinical research until very recently\nwarrants scrutiny to clarify whether women have been excluded from\nparticipation for medical reasons (such as existing illnesses) and why they\nhave not participated in research studies for which they do qualify. Few\nregistries from large clinical trials are available for evaluation of the\noutcomes of women who did not participate in the randomized trial; such\ninformation would be useful in identifying the reasons for women's\nnonparticipation and clarifying whether those women fared differently from the\nparticipants.
Microwave Power Transmission: Historical Milestones and System Components (2013)

Microwave power transmission (MPT) is the wireless transfer of large amounts of power at microwave frequencies from one location to another. MPT research has been driven primarily by the desire to remotely power unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and by the concept of space solar power (SSP) first conceived by Dr. Peter Glaser of the Arthur D. Little Company in 1968. This paper attempts to reveal, in adequate chronological detail, many of the MPT milestones reached over the past 50 years, including those related to SSP. Key components to various MPT systems are presented as well as design schemes for achieving efficient MPT. Special focus is given to rectenna design since this particular MPT component has received the most attention from researchers over the last couple of decades.
Specificity of Cyclin E-Cdk2, TFIIB, and E1A Interactions with a Common Domain of the p300 Coactivator (1999)

The p300 and CREB binding protein (CBP) transcriptional coactivators interact with a variety of transcription factors and regulate their activity. Among the interactions that have been described, the COOH-terminal region of p300 binds to cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cyclin E-Cdk2) and TFIIB, as well as to the E1A gene products of adenovirus. Inhibition of Cdk activity by Cdk inhibitors, such as p21 or p27, potentiates NF-kappaB activity and provides a mechanism to coordinate cell cycle progression with the transcription of genes expressed during growth arrest. In this report, we analyze the specific domains of p300 required for the binding of p300 to cyclin E-Cdk2, TFIIB, and E1A and the ability of these proteins to interact with p300, alone or in combination. 12S E1A, an inhibitor of p300-dependent transcription, reduces the binding of TFIIB, but not that of cyclin E-Cdk2, to p300. In contrast, 13S E1A, a pleiotropic transcriptional activator, does not inhibit TFIIB binding to p300, although it enhances the interaction of cyclin E-Cdk2 with p300. Modification of cyclin E-Cdk2 is most likely required for association with p300 since the interaction is observed only with cyclin E-Cdk2 purified from mammalian cells. Domain swap studies show that the cyclin homology domain of TFIIB is involved in interactions with p300, although the homologous region from cyclin E does not mediate this interaction. These findings suggest that p300 or CBP function is regulated by interactions of various proteins with a common coactivator domain.
Fiber formation by dehydration‐induced aggregation of albumin (2013)

Abstract Many proteins are capable of forming fibrils in vitro , suggesting that the propensity for fiber formation is a generic property of polypeptides. Pathways leading to fibril assembly, however, still remain elusive. In this research, dehydration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions was found to result in spontaneous and organized formation of densely packed fibrils with the majority of proteins converted to parallel β‐sheets. BSA aggregation was investigated in regard to drying conditions (airflow, temperature, and humidity) and the influence of pH, presence of anions, and protein concentration. Aggregates were prepared at large scale and crosslinked to produce water‐insoluble fibers with mechanical properties comparable to those of silk. Interactions between BSA and salts suggest that removing the inner water shell surrounding globular proteins leads to protein unfolding and aggregation at the water/air interface. BSA fibers can be formed into larger assemblies such as yarns, and dyed with acid dyes, thus showing great potential for future industrial‐scale applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013