gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic and crystallographic properties of CoCrPt thin films formed on Cr–Ti single crystalline underlayers (1996)

By using an epitaxial growth technique, Co73Cr15Pt12(112̄0) bi-crystalline thin films formed on Cr–Tix(001)[x=0–15 at. %] single crystalline underlayers were prepared to investigate the relationship between the magnetic properties and the lattice distortion in the magnetic layer. X-ray diffraction measurement shows that the best lattice matching between the c axis of the CoCrPt and the [110] direction of the Cr–Ti underlayer is realized and the CoCrPt layer shows an ideal symmetrical hcp. structure when the Ti concentration is 10 at. %, where the maximum magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy and coercivity values are observed. Distortion in the hcp. CoCrPt magnetic crystal grains decreases the uniaxial magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy, thus lowering the attainable medium coercivity.
Relapsing features of bile salt export pump deficiency after liver transplantation in two patients with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (2010)

Allo-immune mediated BSEP dysfunction may occur after liver transplantation in PFIC2 patients leading to a PFIC2 like phenotype. Extrahepatic features and/or offspring transient neonatal cholestasis of possible immune mediated mechanisms, may be associated. Increasing the immunosuppressive regimen might be an effective therapy.
A Genomic Portrait of Human Microsatellite Variation (2010)

Rapid advances in DNA sequencing and genotyping technologies are beginning to reveal the scope and pattern of human genomic variation. Although single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been intensively studied, the extent and form of variation at other types of molecular variants remain poorly understood. Polymorphism at the most variable loci in the human genome, microsatellites, has rarely been examined on a genomic scale without the ascertainment biases that attend typical genotyping studies. We conducted a genomic survey of variation at microsatellites with at least three perfect repeats by comparing two complete genome sequences, the Human Genome Reference sequence and the sequence of J. Craig Venter. The genomic proportion of polymorphic loci was 2.7%, much higher than the rate of SNP variation, with marked heterogeneity among classes of loci. The proportion of variable loci increased substantially with repeat number. Repeat lengths differed in levels of variation, with longer repeat lengths generally showing higher polymorphism at the same repeat number. Microsatellite variation was weakly correlated with regional SNP number, indicating modest effects of shared genealogical history. Reductions in variation were detected at microsatellites located in introns, in untranslated regions, in coding exons, and just upstream of transcription start sites, suggesting the presence of selective constraints. Our results provide new insights into microsatellite mutational processes and yield a preview of patterns of variation that will be obtained in genomic surveys of larger numbers of individuals.
<title>Registration of multimodal volume head images via attached markers</title> (1992)

We investigate the accuracy of registering arbitrarily oriented, multimodal, volume images of the human head, both to other images and to physical space, by aligning a configuration of three or more fiducial points that are the centers of attached markers. To compute the centers we use an extension of an adaptive thresholding algorithm due to Kittler. Because the markers are indistinguishable it is necessary to establish their correspondence between images. We have evaluated geometric matching algorithms for this purpose. The inherent errors in fiducial localization arising with digital images limits the accuracy with which anatomical targets can be registered. To accommodate this error we apply a least-squares registration algorithm to the fiducials. To evaluate the resulting target registration accuracy we have conducted experiments on images of internally implanted markers in a cadaver and images of externally attached markers in volunteers. We have also produced computer simulations of volume images of a hemispherical model of the head, randomly picking corresponding fiducial points and targets in the images, introducing uniformly distributed error into the fiducial locations, registering the images, and measuring target registration accuracy at the 95% confidence level. Our results indicate that submillimetric accuracy is feasible for high resolution images with four markers.
Polarisation der heterozyklischen Ringe mit aromatischem Charakter. CXVI. Bemerkung zur Nitrierung des 1-Benzylisochinolins. (1957)

1-Benzylisochinolin bildet bei der Nitrierung 1-(4-Nitrobenzyl)-isochinolin bzw. 1-(4-Nitrobenzyl)-5-nitroisochinolin. 1-(4-Aminobenzyl)-isochinolin und 1-(4-Aminobenzyl)-5-aminoisochinolin sowie ihre Acetylderivate wurden neu hergestellt.
Arterial Remodeling After Coronary Angioplasty (1996)

Restenosis appears to be determined primarily by the direction and magnitude of vessel wall remodeling (delta EEM). An increase in EEM is adaptive, whereas a decrease in EEM contributes to restenosis.
Kinodynamic skinning using volume-preserving deformations (2007)

We present a new approach to character skinning where divergence-free vector fields induced by skeletal motion, describe the velocity of skin deformation. The joint transformations for a pose relative to a rest pose create a bend deformation field, resulting in pose-dependent or kinematic skin deformations, varying smoothly across joints. The bend deformation parameters are interactively controlled to capture the varying deformability of bone and other anatomic tissue within an overall fold-over free and volume-preserving skin deformation. Subsequently, we represent the dynamics of skeletal motion, tissue elasticity, muscular tension and the environment as forces that are mapped to vortices at tissue interfaces. A simplified Biot-Savart law in the context of elastic deformation recovers a divergence-free velocity field from the vorticity. Finally, we apply a new stable technique to efficiently integrate points along their deformation trajectories. Adding these dynamic forces over a window of time prior to a given pose provides a continuum of user controllable kinodynamic skinning. A comprehensive implementation using a typical animator workflow in Maya shows our approach to be effective for complex character skinning.
Lack of HLA class I antigen expression by melanoma cells SK-MEL-33 caused by a reading frameshift in β2 μmRNA (1993)

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, NY Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595 Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York.NY 10021, USA
Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes and Facilitated Ionic Liquid Membranes (2002)

Supported Liquid Membranes (SLMs) use porous supports impregnated with a solvent. In SLMs, solute molecules dissolve into the membrane at the feed/membrane interface. The dissolved species diffuse through the membrane and desorb at the opposite membrane surface. The addition of a third mobile chemical or carrier to the solvent that can reversibly bind to the dissolved species enhances the selectivity of the membrane (facilitated transport). Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) have an advantage over SLMs due to the negligible loss through vaporization of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs) and the ability to selectively modify the properties of the membrane solvent. Our initial research focus was on the CO2 separation from N2 using RTILs with and without ionic and neutral doping compounds. Our chapter presents the proof-of-concept of SILMs, the basic principles of FILM development, and discusses future needs for continued development of SILMs and FBLMs. Our SILM had a CO2 permeability of 4.6 x 10-11 mol/(cm2 kPa s) with a selectivity over air of 29; these values are competitive with existing membrane materials. The FILMs had a 1.8 improvement in CO2 permeability with a driving force of 4.6 kPa of C02.
Cytotoxic T cells generated against heteroclitic peptides kill primary tumor cells independent of the binding affinity of the native tumor antigen peptide (2006)

Heteroclitic peptide modifications increase immunogenicity, allowing generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against weakly immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). A critical issue is whether T cells generated against heteroclitic peptides retain the ability to recognize and kill tumor cells expressing the original weak TAAs, and whether there is a lower threshold of binding affinity of the native peptides, below which such CTLs can still kill primary tumor cells. To examine this we used a model examining the ability of native and heteroclitic immunoglobulin (Ig)-derived peptides to generate CTLs that can kill chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. We demonstrate that CTLs generated against heteroclitic peptides have enhanced killing of CD40-activated B cells pulsed with either heteroclitic (P < .001) or native peptide (P = .04) and primary CLL cells (P = .01). The novel finding reported here is that the rate-limiting factor appears to be the ability to generate CTLs and that once generated, CTL lysis of primary tumor cells is independent of the binding affinity of the native peptide. These findings have implications for vaccination strategies in malignancies and are currently being further examined in vivo in murine models.
SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE STUDIES IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO (1968)

Abstract A cooperative project between Forest Products Laboratories in the United States and Canada, initiated in 1966 to study the control effectiveness of an insecticide-treated termite attractant, is reported. It represents a bait method of control being developed to eradicate relatively large pockets of infestation. Wooden bait blocks decayed by Lenzites trabea (Pers.) Fr., which attracts termites, with and without poison coating (Mirex insecticide) were installed in experimental plots at Oxley, Ont. An abrupt suppression of termite foraging occurred in plots where insecticide was used. Observations will be continued and work extended to determine whether the poison will prevent subterranean expansion of colonies and to assess its degree of effectiveness in eliminating localized pockets of infestation.
Antibody-based protein detection using piezoresistive cantilever arrays (2007)

A piezoresistive cantilever array platform with electrical read-out was applied for protein detection using GST (glutathione-S-transferase) and GST antibodies as a model system. Sensing was performed in the static deflection mode under constant flow conditions. The GST antibodies were directly immobilized on the cantilever gold surface by means of free thiol groups. The setup allowed simultaneous deflection measurements with sensor and control-antibody-immobilized reference cantilevers and enabled detection of 1 ng µl−1 (40 nM) of GST protein, which is similar to the sensitivity reported for cantilever sensors using an optical read-out system.
Object recognition using appearance models accumulated into environment (2002)

Proposes a method of object recognition using appearance models accumulated into a RFID (radio frequency identification) tag attached to the environment. Robots recognize the object using appearance models accumulated in the tag on the object. If the robot fails in recognition, it acquires a model of the object and accumulates it to the tag. Since robots in the environment observe the object from different points of view at different time, various appearance models are accumulated as time passes. In order to accumulate many models, eigenspace analysis is applied. The eigenspace is reconstructed every time robots acquire the model. Experimental result of object recognition shows effectiveness of the proposed method.
Pharmacokinetics of Amino Acid Phosphoramidate Monoesters of Zidovudine in Rats (2002)

In vitro studies have demonstrated that water-soluble, nontoxic phosphoramidates of azidothymidine (zidovudine [AZT]) have significant and specific anti-human immunodeficiency virus and anticancer activity. Although polar, these compounds are internalized and processed to the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates. Eight methyl amide and methyl ester phosphoramidate monoesters composed of D- or L-phenylalanine or tryptophan and AZT were synthesized. The plasma stability and protein binding studies were carried out in vitro. Then in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluations of six of the compounds were conducted. Sprague-Dawley rats received each compound by intravenous bolus dose, and serial blood and urine samples were collected. AZT and phosphoramidate concentrations in plasma and urine were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV or fluorescence detection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by standard noncompartmental means. The plasma half-lives of the phosphoramidates were 10- to 20-fold longer than the half-life of AZT. Although the renal clearances of the phosphoramidates were similar to AZT, their total body clearances were significantly greater than that of AZT. The 3- to 15-fold-larger volume of distribution (Vss) for the phosphoramidates relative to AZT appeared to be dependent on the stereochemistry of the amino acid, with the largest values being associated with the L-amino acids. The increased Vss indicates a much greater tissue distribution of the phosphoramidate prodrugs than of AZT. Amino acid phosphoramidate monoesters of AZT have improved pharmacokinetic properties over AZT and significant potential as in vivo pronucleotides.
Relative molecular masses of reduced wool keratin polypeptides (1986)

Conference Article| April 01 1986 Relative molecular masses of reduced wool keratin polypeptides J. CHRISTOPHER HORN; J. CHRISTOPHER HORN 1Department of Textile Industries, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PETER T. SPEAKMAN PETER T. SPEAKMAN 1Department of Textile Industries, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (2): 333–334. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140333 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. CHRISTOPHER HORN, PETER T. SPEAKMAN; Relative molecular masses of reduced wool keratin polypeptides. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1986; 14 (2): 333–334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140333 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: SDS, sodium dodecyl sulphate This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
mRNA export and cancer (2011)

Studies in the past several years highlight important features of the messenger RNA (mRNA) export process. For instance, groups of mRNAs acting in the same biochemical processes can be retained or exported in a coordinated manner thereby impacting on specific biochemistries and ultimately on cell physiology. mRNAs can be transported by either bulk export pathways involving NXF1/TAP or more specialized pathways involving chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1). Studies on primary tumor specimens indicate that many common and specialized mRNA export factors are dysregulated in cancer including CRM1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), HuR, nucleoporin 88, REF/Aly, and THO. This positions these pathways as potential therapeutic targets. Recently, specific targeting of the eIF4E-dependent mRNA export pathway in a phase II proof-of-principle trial with ribavirin led to impaired eIF4E-dependent mRNA export correlating with clinical responses including remissions in leukemia patients. Here, we provide an overview of these mRNA export pathways and highlight their relationship to cancer.
Acamprosate, MK-801, and ifenprodil inhibit neurotoxicity and calcium entry induced by ethanol withdrawal in organotypic slice cultures from neonatal rat hippocampus. (2002)

The results support the contention that acamprosate, like ifenprodil, interacts with polyamines and that these compounds may be effective in reducing consequences of ethanol withdrawal. NMDAR activation is also strongly implicated in ethanol withdrawal neurotoxicity, but whether acamprosate causes any of these effects in this preparation directly via the NMDAR remains uncertain.
Impact of Noise Power Uncertainty on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Systems (2010)

One of the main challenges in cognitive radio (CR) communications lies in the system robustness to uncertainties. In this paper, we examine the impact of the noise power uncertainty on the performance of various detectors in CR networks. We consider both single and multiple CR nodes. For the single CR case, we compare the performance of the energy and likelihood ratio test (LRT) detectors in the presence of noise uncertainties. It is shown that both detectors perform about the same. We shall also investigate cooperative spectrum sensing based on soft-information combining, where the cooperating CR nodes experience different noise power uncertainties. We then propose a simple detection scheme that is more robust to noise variations and uncertainties than the conventional detection schemes. Numerical results are presented to verify the theory and demonstrate the robustness improvement of the proposed detection scheme.
In Vivo and In Vitro Activation of T Cells After Administration of Ag-Negative Heat Shock Proteins (1999)

Heat shock proteins (HSP) Hsp70 and gp96 prime class I-restricted cytotoxic T cells against Ags present in the cells from which they were isolated. The immunization capacity of HSPs is believed to rely on their ability to bind antigenic peptides. In this study, we employed the well-established OVA and beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) antigenic model systems. We show that in vitro long-term established OVA and beta-gal-specific CTL clones release TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma when incubated with Ag-negative Hsp70 and gp96. In the absence of antigenic peptides, HSP-mediated secretion of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma requires cell contact of the APC with the T cell but is not MHC-I restricted. Moreover, Hsp70 molecules purified from Ag-negative tissue, e.g., negative for antigenic peptide, are able to activate T cells in vivo, leading to significant higher frequencies in OVA-specific CD8+ T cells. In unprimed animals, these T cells lyse OVA-transfected cell lines and produce TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma after Ag stimulus. Taken together our data show that, besides the well-established HSP/peptide-specific CTL induction and activation, a second mechanism exists by which Hsp70 and gp96 molecules activate T cells in vivo and in vitro.
Chemometrics: A Textbook (1988)

1. Chemometrics and the Analytical Process. 2. Precision and Accuracy. 3. Evaluation of Precision and Accuracy. Comparison of Two Procedures. 4. Evaluation of Sources of Variation in Data. Analysis of Variance. 5. Calibration. 6. Reliability and Drift. 7. Sensitivity and Limit of Detection. 8. Selectivity and Specificity. 9. Information. 10. Costs. 11. The Time Constant. 12. Signals and Data. 13. Regression Methods. 14. Correlation Methods. 15. Signal Processing. 16. Response Surfaces and Models. 17. Exploration of Response Surfaces. 18. Optimization of Analytical Chemical Methods. 19. Optimization of Chromatographic Methods. 20. The Multivariate Approach. 21. Principal Components and Factor Analysis. 22. Clustering Techniques. 23. Supervised Pattern Recognition. 24. Decisions in the Analytical Laboratory. 25. Operations Research. 26. Decision Making. 27. Process Control. Appendix. Subject Index.
The Seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 Infection among To-Be-Married Girls, Pregnant Women, and Their Neonates in Shiraz, Iran (2005)

Erythema infectiosum (fifth Disease) is the major clinical manifestation of human parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) infection. HPV B19 is known to be associated with adverse effects on fetuses such as hydrops fetalis, aplastic anemia, intrauterine fetal death, and chronic anemia in immunocompromised individuals. The objective of this study was to assess seroprevalence to HPV B19 in three different groups in Shiraz, Iran. The first group included 91 to-be-married girls. The second group included 184 pregnant women and the third group consisted of 184 neonates, who were born to the women in the second group. Specific IgG and IgM antibodies to HPV B19 were measured using ELISA technique. Results showed that the prevalence for IgG to HPV B19 was 56 (61.5%), 127 (69%), and 127 (69%) for the first, second, and third groups, respectively. Overall, 183 out of the 275 (66.5%) women of childbearing age had IgG to HPV B19. The seroprevalence for IgM to HPV B19 was 2.2% for the second group. There was no detectable IgM in umbilical cord sera or in the first group blood samples. In conclusion, approximately one-third of individuals in the study who were of childbearing age were at risk for primary HPV B19 infection.
Tumor formation due to abnormalities in the β‐catenin‐independent pathway of Wnt signaling (2008)

Wnt signaling is a complex pathway in which beta-catenin is typically viewed as a central mediator in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The significance of Wnt signaling in human cancer has been elucidated by the identification of mutations in genes coding for the beta-catenin-dependent pathway components, adenomatous polyposis coli gene product, beta-catenin, and Axin. Within the past 15 years, evidence has been growing of a beta-catenin-independent pathway in Wnt signaling. It is likely that this pathway activates several intracellular signaling systems to regulate cell migration, adhesion, and polarity. The beta-catenin-independent pathway has also been shown to play an important role in tumor biology. In contrast to the beta-catenin-dependent pathway, which is upregulated in many cancers and serves as a tumor promoter, the role of the beta-catenin-independent pathway is still controversial. Here we review recent developments in both the functions and mechanisms of the beta-catenin-independent pathway, with an emphasis on its functional contribution to human tumor progression.
Jasmonic acid/methyl jasmonate accumulate in wounded soybean hypocotyls and modulate wound gene expression. (1992)

Jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), are plant lipid derivatives that resemble mammalian eicosanoids in structure and biosynthesis. These compounds are proposed to play a role in plant wound and pathogen responses. Here we report the quantitative determination of JA/MeJA in planta by a procedure based on the use of [13C,2H3]MeJA as an internal standard. Wounded soybean (Glycine max [L] Merr. cv. Williams) stems rapidly accumulated MeJA and JA. Addition of MeJA to soybean suspension cultures also increased mRNA levels for three wound-responsive genes (chalcone synthase, vegetative storage protein, and proline-rich cell wall protein) suggesting a role for MeJA/JA in the mediation of several changes in gene expression associated with the plants' response to wounding.