gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term effectiveness of the immunotherapy of anal condyloma acuminatum (1982)

In a seven-year period, 200 patients with persistent or recurrent anal and perianal condyloma acuminatum were treated by immunotherapy. There were 120 primary and 80 recurrent cases in the study. Autogenous vaccine was prepared for each patient and injected subcutaneously, 0.5 ml weekly, for six weeks. Excellent results were seen in 84 per cent, fair results in 11 per cent and no benefit in 5 per cent of patients. No adverse reactions or complications were encountered. Long-term follow-up (average 46 months) was possible for 86 per cent of the patients, all of whom remained disease free. Immunotherapy is the recommended method of treatment for extensive, recurrent, or persistent anal condyloma acuminatum.
Three-dimensional dipole tracing of auditory brain-stem response (wave V). (1990)

単耳刺激による聴力正常成人のABRを16chで記録し, そのデータをもとに双極子追跡法を用いてIV, V波付近の三次元的, 双極子 (ダイポール) 追跡をおこなった。 その結果, ABR IV, V波付近の双極子は頭部モデルの中心付近の刺激同側から上前方に向かい, その後下降し, 刺激反対側へと移動することが推定された。
The role of oxidized phospholipids in mediating lipoprotein(a) atherogenicity (2008)

A better understanding of the ability of human lipoprotein(a) to bind oxidized phospholipids may allow clinically important insights into the role of oxidized phospholipids and lipoprotein(a) in human atherogenesis and cardiovascular disease and may provide novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions aimed at measuring and treating elevated levels of OxPL/apoB and lipoprotein(a).
Photoswitching Mechanism of Cyanine Dyes (2009)

Cyanine dyes have been shown to undergo reversible photoswitching, where the fluorophore can be switched between a fluorescent state and a dark state upon illumination at different wavelengths. The photochemical mechanism by which switching occurs has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we have determined the mechanism of photoswitching by characterizing the kinetics of dark state formation and the spectral and structural properties of the dark state. The rate of switching to the dark state depends on the concentration of the primary thiol in the solution and the solution pH in a manner quantitatively consistent with the formation of an encounter complex between the cyanine dye and ionized thiol prior to their conjugation. Mass spectrometry suggests that the photoconversion product is a thiol-cyanine adduct in which covalent attachment of the thiol to the polymethine bridge disrupts the original conjugated pi-electron system of the dye.
Visible Light Photoinitiated Metal-Free Living Cationic Polymerization of 4-Methoxystyrene (2015)

Metal-free, visible light-initiated, living cationic polymerization of 4-methoxystyrene using 2,4,6-tri(p-tolyl)pyrylium tetrafluoroborate and methanol is demonstrated. Molecular weight and dispersity are controlled by the concentration of methanol. Initial mechanistic analysis suggests that methanol likely serves to regulate propagation of the cation chain end via reversible chain transfer in a manner analogous to reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization.
Application of solid dispersions of nifedipine with enteric coating agent to prepare a sustained-release dosage form. (1985)

Pre-formulation studies were carried out to develop a sustained-release dosage form of nifedipine with good bioavailability. Granules were prepared by spray-coating nifedipine-enteric coating agent solid dispersions on an inert core material. Typical enteric coating agents, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate and methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid methyl ester copolymer, were used as carriers of the solid dispersions. Dissolution of nifedipine from granules coated with solid dispersions was practically nil in JPX 1st fluid, but a supersaturation phenomenon was observed in JPX 2nd fluid. These granules resulted in prolonged absorption of the drug with good bioavailability in beagle dogs and human volunteers. This absorption characteristic arises from the pH dependency of the dissolution behavior of these solid dispersions. That is, dissolution of nifedipine was suppressed in acidic medium and showed supersaturation in comparatively neutral medium. It was confirmed that the granules were transported through the gastrointestinal tract and showed prolonged drug release behavior with good bioavailability.
Enhanced Efficacy of Radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-CHX-A″-DTPA-hu3S193 by Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Signaling with EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor AG1478 (2005)

The efficacy of radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-CHX-A''-DTPA-hu3S193 is significantly enhanced by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. Further investigations of dosing regimens using EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and radioimmunotherapy in the treatment of EGFR expressing tumors are warranted.
Carbon: Electrochemical and Physicochemical Properties (1988)

Physical Properties. Chemical and Surface Properties. Chemical Reactions. Characterstics and Properties of Carbon Electrodes. Electrochemical Behavior of Carbon. Application of Carbon in Electrochemical Systems. Concluding Remarks. Appendix. Index.
Leveraging Billions of Faces to Overcome Performance Barriers in Unconstrained Face Recognition (2011)

We employ the face recognition technology developed in house at face.com to a well accepted benchmark and show that without any tuning we are able to considerably surpass state of the art results. Much of the improvement is concentrated in the high-valued performance point of zero false positive matches, where the obtained recall rate almost doubles the best reported result to date. We discuss the various components and innovations of our system that enable this significant performance gap. These components include extensive utilization of an accurate 3D reconstructed shape model dealing with challenges arising from pose and illumination. In addition, discriminative models based on billions of faces are used in order to overcome aging and facial expression as well as low light and overexposure. Finally, we identify a challenging set of identification queries that might provide useful focus for future research.
Development of a Strategic Hurricane Evacuation–Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model for the Houston, Texas, Region (2009)

This paper describes a hurricane evacuation model for the Greater Houston, Texas, area whose base case reproduces the widespread congestion and gridlock experienced during the evacuation response to Hurricane Rita in 2005. The project–-a result of the combined efforts of the Houston–Galveston Area Council (H-GAC), the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI), and Citilabs–-incorporated the development of a dynamic traffic assignment model for evaluating the performance of major evacuation routes within the H-GAC region. To minimize model run time while maximizing policy analysis capabilities, a strategic model was developed on the basis of the full H-GAC regional model network and zone system. This strategic model integrates tightly with the regional planning model and can be updated with new information concerning the structure of background demand derived from normal weekday trip tables. Evacuation trip tables were developed by TTI based upon survey data collected shortly after the 2005 event. In the network assignment model, background and evacuation trips are incrementally loaded by using a dynamic, generalized cost framework that can be modified to account for route preference, traveler information, transportation supply dynamics, and congestion feedback over a 72-h model period. Policy analysis tools provided with the model include supply-side controls such as contra-flow lane reversal timing, facility closures, incident response, as well as demand-side controls such as evacuation trip departure scheduling. The model can be applied to comparison of the relative system and evacuation corridor performance of alternative policy scenarios.
Rearrangement and overexpression of D11S287E, a candidate oncogene on chromosome 11q13 in benign parathyroid tumors. (1991)

We report the detailed molecular characterization of a human parathyroid adenoma with a clonal parathyroid hormone gene rearrangement. This rearrangement is similar to one we characterized recently in an independent adenoma. In these two, plus a third partially characterized adenoma, one allele of the PTH gene, on 11p15, is rearranged with DNA from the D11S287 region on 11q13. This region contains a transcribed sequence, D11S287E, distinct from known 11q13 oncogenes, that is expressed in all parathyroid tissues examined, but is overexpressed dramatically in all three tumours with PTH gene-D11S287 rearrangements. These findings suggest that overexpression of D11S287E, perhaps driven by the misplaced PTH gene's regulatory elements, contributed to the development of these benign tumors. D11S287E is a new candidate oncogene with potential importance in parathyroid adenomas and perhaps other tumors with 11q13 abnormalities.
Effect of Threshold-Voltage Instability on SiC DMOSFET Reliability (2008)

The instability of the threshold voltage in SiC power DMOSFETs due to gate-bias stress and ON-state stress is a potential reliability issue, although the effects can be mitigated if the threshold voltage is set with enough positive margin so that no increase in OFF-state leakage occurs. In this case, the primary effect will be to increase the ON-state resistance by about five percent, which should be tolerable for power converter applications. Subthreshold-slope analysis of slower parameter-analyzer results reveal similar instabilities to those of fast I-V measurements.
Simple color tuning of phosphorescent dendrimer light emitting diodes (2005)

A simple way of tuning the emission color in solution processed phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes is demonstrated. For each color a single emissive spin-coated layer consisting of a blend of three materials, a fac-tris(2-phenylpyridyl)iridium (III) cored dendrimer (Ir–G1) as the green emitter, a heteroleptic [bis(2-phenylpyridyl)-2-(2′-benzo[4,5-α]thienyl)pyridyl]iridium (III) cored dendrimer [Ir(ppy)2btp] as the red emitter, and 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl) biphenyl (CBP) as the host was employed. By adjusting the relative amount of green and red dendrimers in the blends, the color of the light emission was tuned from green to red. High efficiency two layer devices were achieved by evaporating a layer of electron transporting 1,3,5-tris(2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl)benzene (TPBI) on top of the spin-coated emissive layer. A brightness of 100cd∕m2 was achieved at drive voltages in the range 5.3–7.3 V. The peak external efficiencies at this brightness ranged from 31cd∕A(18lm∕W) to 7cd∕A(4lm∕W).
Transcription factor Y-box binding protein 1 binds preferentially to cisplatin-modified DNA and interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen. (1999)

The Y-box binding protein (YB-1) binds to inverted CCAAT box sequences that are present in the promoter region of many genes. We previously showed that YB-1 is overexpressed in human cancer cell lines that are resistant to cisplatin and that the depletion of YB-1 by transfection of a vector expressing YB-1 antisense RNA increases the sensitivity of human cancer cells to cisplatin. To determine whether YB-1 can bind to cisplatin-modified DNA, we fused YB-1 cDNA to glutathione S-transferase (GST) cDNA and purified the resulting GST fusion protein. When we tested the fusion protein with unmodified or cisplatin-modified oligonucleotides, we found that GST-YB-1 bound more strongly to cisplatin-modified oligonucleotides, as did GST fusion proteins of high mobility group 1 (HMG1), HMG2, and xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein. When we assayed the ability of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to interact with the GST fusion proteins, we observed binding to YB-1 but not to HMG1, HMG2, or xeroderma pigmentosum group A. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that YB-1 and PCNA interact directly via the COOH-terminal region of YB-1. Using immunochemical coprecipitation methods, we observed binding of YB-1 and PCNA in vivo. These results suggest that YB-1 can function as a recognition protein for cisplatin-damaged DNA and that it may be important in DNA repair or in directing the cellular response to DNA damage.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity of an Essential Virulence Determinant in Yersinia (1990)

Yersinia is the genus of bacteria that is the causative agent in plague or the black death, and on several occasions this organism has killed a significant portion of the world's population. An essential virulence determinant of Yersinia was shown to be a protein tyrosine phosphatase. The recombinant 50-kilodalton Yersinia phosphatase had a specificity for removal of phosphate from Tyr-containing as opposed to Ser/Thr-containing phosphopeptides and proteins. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to show that the Yersinia phosphatase possesses an essential Cys residue required for catalysis. Amino acids surrounding an essential Cys residue are highly conserved, as are other amino acids in the Yersinia and mammalian protein tyrosine phosphatases, suggesting that they use a common catalytic mechanism.
Induction of Autoantibodies to CCR5 in Macaques and Subsequent Effects upon Challenge with an R5-Tropic Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (2004)

Antibodies against CCR5, the major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), may have antiviral potential as viral fusion inhibitors. In this study, we generated a virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine that effectively breaks B-cell tolerance and elicits autoantibodies against CCR5 in pig-tailed macaques. Initial studies in mice identified a polypeptide comprising the N-terminal domain of pig-tailed macaque CCR5 fused to streptavidin that, when conjugated at high density to bovine papillomavirus major capsid protein L1 VLPs, induced high-titer immunoglobulin G (IgG) that bound to a macaque CCR5-expressing cell line in vitro. In macaques, CCR5 peptide-conjugated VLP preparations induced high-avidity anti-CCR5 IgG autoantibody responses, and all five immunized macaques generated IgG that could block infection of CCR5-tropic simian/human immunodeficiency virus SHIV(SF162P3) in vitro. Although the anti-CCR5 IgG titers declined with time, autoantibody levels were boosted upon revaccination. Vaccinated macaques remained healthy for a period of over 3 years after the initial immunization, and no decline in the number of CCR5-expressing T cells was detected. To test the prophylactic efficacy of CCR5 autoantibodies, immunized macaques were challenged with SHIV(SF162P3). Although the plasma-associated virus in half of six control macaques declined to undetectable levels, viral loads were lower, declined more rapidly, and eventually became undetectable in all five macaques in which CCR5 autoantibodies had been elicited. In addition, in the four vaccinated macaques with higher autoantibody titers, viral loads and time to control of viremia were significantly decreased relative to controls, indicating the possibility that CCR5 autoantibodies contributed to the control of viral replication.
Analysis of random dithering patterns using second-order statistics (1992)

An analytical approach is proposed to explain the appearance of unwanted low-frequency artifacts in halftoned images when using random dithering. The research is based on a theorem that relates the correlation of the input (continuous) gray-level signal to the correlation ofthe (halftone) binary output signal. This secondorder statistical analysis alludes to the claim that the introduction of low-frequency artifacts is inevitable, being an intrinsic property of the dithering process rather than of individual images or masks. In addition, high-frequency information in the continuous image is attenuated more than low-frequency information. This effect is enhanced for mean gray levels farther from mid-gray.
IMMUNE REGULATION BY CD40 AND ITS LIGAND GP39 (1996)

Over the past three years, CD40 and its ligand (gp39, CD40L, TBAM) have been shown to be essential for humoral immune responses to thymus-dependent antigens. However, as the tissue distribution widens for those cells that express CD40 and gp39, we can now show that this ligand-receptor pair also plays an important role in the selection of self-reactive T cells in the thymus (central tolerance) and the regulation of tolerance in mature T cells (peripheral tolerance). Advances in our understanding of the molecular basis for CD40 biology is based in two areas of research. First, a major breakthrough in our understanding of how CD40 transduces biological events centers on the identification of a novel protein that binds to the cytoplasmic tail of CD40 and may act as a signal transducing molecule. Secondly, advances in molecular modeling and mutagenesis of this ligand-receptor pair have helped to identify the critical receptor/ligand contacts in the gp39/CD40 complex. Advances in each of these areas are discussed.
c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent mechanisms in respiratory disease (2006)

Respiratory diseases pose a multifaceted dilemma. Although the symptoms and pathology are obvious and provide multiple opportunities for therapeutic investigation, at the same time, the molecular complexities and prioritisation are overwhelming. Even within a disease such as asthma, the number of inducers, cell types, secondary mediators, chemical changes, immune responses and tissue modifications is remarkable. One means of therapeutically targeting this complexity is to identify individual factors responsible for regulating multiple disease processes. The mitogen-activated protein kinase family integrates multiple diverse stimuli, and, in turn, initiates a cell response by phosphorylating and thereby modulating the activity of many target proteins. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase is a critical regulator of pro-inflammatory genes, tissue remodelling and apoptosis, and, therefore, represents an attractive target for novel therapies. Pre-clinical and clinical investigation into the efficacy of c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors has been ongoing since the late 1990s. Over the course of this work, hypotheses have shifted as to the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the many processes that promote allergic, inflammatory, obstructive and fibrotic diseases of the lung. Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase may indeed provide a means of suppressing more pathological mechanisms in respiratory disease than first suspected.
Signal enhancement-a composite property mapping algorithm (1988)

A signal enhancement algorithm is developed that seeks to recover a signal from noise-contaminated distorted measurements made on that signal. This object is achieved by utilizing a set of properties which the signal is known or is hypothesized as possessing. The measured signal is modified to the smallest degree necessary to sequentially possess each of the individual properties. Conditions for the algorithm's convergence are established in which the primary requirement is that a composite property mapping be closed. This is a relatively unrestricted condition in comparison to that required of most existing signal-enhancement algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fuzzy requests: An approach to weighted boolean searches (1980)

Abstract This article concerns the problem of how to permit a patron to represent the relative importance of various index terms in a Boolean request while retaining the desirable properties of a Boolean system. The character of classical Boolean systems is reviewed and related to the notion of fuzzy sets. The fuzzy set concept then forms the basis of the concept of a fuzzy request in which weights are assigned to index terms. The properties of such a system are discussed, and it is shown that such systems retain the manipulability of traditional Boolean requests.
RunBuddy (2015)

As one of the most popular exercises, running is accomplished through a tight cooperation between the respiratory and locomotor systems. Research has suggested that a proper running rhythm -- the coordination between breathing and strides -- helps improve exercise efficiency and postpone fatigue. This paper presents RunBuddy -- the first smartphone-based system for continuous running rhythm monitoring. RunBuddy is designed to be a convenient and unobtrusive exercise feedback system, and only utilizes commodity devices including smartphone and Bluetooth headset. A key challenge in designing RunBuddy is that the sound of breathing typically has very low intensity and is susceptible to interference. To reliably measure running rhythm, we propose a novel approach that integrates ambient sensing based on accelerometer and microphone, and a physiological model called Locomotor Respiratory Coupling (LRC), which indicates possible ratios between the stride and breathing frequencies. We evaluate RunBuddy through experiments involving 13 subjects and 39 runs. Our results show that, by leveraging the LRC model, RunBuddy correctly measures the running rhythm for indoor/outdoor running 92:7% of the time. Moreover, RunBuddy also provides detailed physiological profile of running that can help users better understand their running process and improve exercise self-efficacy.
Structural basis for spectrin recognition by ankyrin (2010)

Maintenance of membrane integrity and organization in the metazoan cell is accomplished through intracellular tethering of membrane proteins to an extensive, flexible protein network. Spectrin, the principal component of this network, is anchored to membrane proteins through the adaptor protein ankyrin. To elucidate the atomic basis for this interaction, we determined a crystal structure of human betaI-spectrin repeats 13 to 15 in complex with the ZU5-ANK domain of human ankyrin R. The structure reveals the role of repeats 14 to 15 in binding, the electrostatic and hydrophobic contributions along the interface, and the necessity for a particular orientation of the spectrin repeats. Using structural and biochemical data as a guide, we characterized the individual proteins and their interactions by binding and thermal stability analyses. In addition to validating the structural model, these data provide insight into the nature of some mutations associated with cell morphology defects, including those found in human diseases such as hereditary spherocytosis and elliptocytosis. Finally, analysis of the ZU5 domain suggests it is a versatile protein-protein interaction module with distinct interaction surfaces. The structure represents not only the first of a spectrin fragment in complex with its binding partner, but also that of an intermolecular complex involving a ZU5 domain.
Syntheses of Imide Derivatives (1972)

2-Cis-Δ4-tetrahydrophtyalimidoethyl, phthalimidomethyl, 2-phthalimidoethyl, 2-naphthalimidoethyl acrylates, 2-cis-Δ4-tetrahydrophthalimidoethyl, 2-naphthalimidoethyl and 2-ο-sulfo-benzoimidoethyl methacrylates, N-acrylylphthalimide, N-methacrylyl succinimide, N-methacrylylphthalimide and N-methacrylyl-ο-sulfobenzoimide have been prepared readily by the condensation of acrylyl chloride or methacrylyl chloride with the corresponding imidoalcohol or imide in the presence of triethylamine.2-Phthalimidoethyl methacrylate has been prepared by esterification of methacrylic acid with N- (2-hydroxyethyl) phthalimide in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst.