gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NMR solution structure of a potent cyclic nonapeptide inhibitor of ICAM‐1‐mediated leukocyte adhesion produced by homologous amino acid substitution (2004)

Abstract: We have previously described a disulfide‐linked cyclic nonapeptide (inhibitory peptide‐01, IP01), with the sequence CLLRMRSIC, which binds to intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), and blocks binding to its counter‐structure, the integrin α L β 2 (leukocyte functional antigen‐1, LFA‐1) (Sillerud et al. , J. Peptide Res. 62, 2003: 97). We now report the optimization of this peptide by means of single homologous amino acid substitutions to yield a new peptide (IP02‐K6; CLLRMKSAC) which shows an approximately sixfold improvement in inhibitory activity of multivalent leukocyte binding (inhibition constant for 50% inhibition, IC 50 = 90 μ m ) compared with IP01 (IC 50 = 580 μ m ). This improvement in activity gives IP02‐K6 potent in vivo activity in a murine model of ischemia reperfusion injury (Merchant et al ., Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. 284, 2003: H1260). In order to determine the structural features relevant to ICAM‐1‐binding, we have determined the structure of IP02‐K6 using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and restrained molecular modeling. In our previously reported study of solution models of IP01, we observed three interconverting conformations during low‐temperature molecular dynamics simulation. In the present study, we find a single conformation of IP02‐K6 similar to one of the previously found conformations of IP01 (family C). In particular, an R4‐S7 β ‐turn is present in similar proportions in both conformation C of IP01 and in IP02‐K6; this motif is important in binding to ICAM‐1 because this turn enables the IP02‐K6 backbone to drape over proline‐36 on ICAM‐1. The NMR‐derived solution model of IP02‐K6 was found to dock at the α L β 2 ‐binding site on ICAM‐1 with no changes in peptide backbone conformation. This docking model displaced five of the 15 α L β 2 residues at the ICAM‐1‐binding site and provided a rationale for understanding the quantitative relationship between IP02‐K6 structure and biologic activity.
The analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy: A randomized controlled study (2013)

The USG-guided TAP block is easy to perform and effective as a postoperative analgesic regimen in RDN, with opioids-sparing effect and without any complications.
Extensive Amplification and Self-Renewal of Human Primitive Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Cord Blood (1997)

The use of umbilical cord blood as a source of marrow repopulating cells for the treatment of pediatric malignancies has been established. Given the general availability, the ease of procurement, and progenitor content, cord blood is an attractive alternative to bone marrow or growth factor mobilized peripheral blood cells as a source of transplantable hematopoietic tissue. However, there is a major potential limitation to the widespread use of cord blood as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for marrow replacement and gene therapy. There may be enough hematopoietic stem cells to reconstitute children, but the ability to engraft an adult might require ex vivo manipulations. We describe an in vitro system in which the growth of cord blood CD34+ cells is sustained and greatly expanded for more than 6 months by the simple combination of two hematopoietic growth factors. Progenitors and cells belonging to all hematopoietic lineages are continuously and increasingly generated (the number of colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM] present at the end of 6 months of culture are well over 2,000,000-fold the CFU-GM present at the beginning of the culture). Very primitive hematopoietic progenitors, including long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) and blast cell colony-forming units, are also greatly expanded (after 20 weeks of liquid culture, LTC-IC number is over 200,000-fold the initial number). The extremely prolonged maintenance and the massive expansion of these progenitors, which share many similarities with murine long-term repopulating cells, suggest that extensive renewal and little differentiation take place. This system might prove useful in diverse clinical settings involving treatment of grown-up children and adults with transplantation of normal or genetically manipulated hematopoietic stem cells.
Diltiazem reduces the contractility of extraocular muscles in vitro and in vivo. (1990)

Diltiazem, a Ca-channel blocker that is used clinically for the treatment of hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias, reduces the contractility of extraocular muscles. Exposure of rabbit extraocular muscle to diltiazem in vitro reduces the sustained tension that is generated by the tonic, multiply innervated fibers, and decreases the baseline, or resting, tension of the muscle. When diltiazem is injected into a selected extraocular muscle in the rabbit in vivo, it causes a temporary weakening of the muscle, which is indicated by a deviation of eye position. These in vivo effects are of short duration, are easily reproducible, and vary with dosage. The results of this study raise the possibility that diltiazem may be used as an alternative to the surgical treatment of strabismus and other oculomotor dysfunctions including blepharospasm.
The consequences of vehicle hijacking (2002)

Although incidents of vehicle hijacking are spiralling world-wide, vehicle hijacking has been identified as a priority crime in South Africa. The status it has acquired is directly related to the serious implications it holds for the individual in terms of the physical, emotional, financial and social consequences associated with it, as well as the negative local and international response it elicits. The inclusion of violence or threats of violence, as well as the theft of a vehicle in definitions of vehicle hijacking, often leads to confusion regarding the classification whereby hijacking is alternatively classed as either a violent crime or a property crime. This may be attributed to the fact that vehicle hijacking is primarily a form of theft as a vehicle is taken from the victim, thus constituting a property crime. In this regard researchers (Block, 1989:235; Steenkamp, 1997:19) emphasise that during a robbery the primary aim is not to injure the victim, but to obtain valuable goods such as a vehicle. On this basis police and members of the criminal justice system as well as those in the helping professions often treat such victims as victims of a property crime (i.e. in the same manner as burglary victims) without acknowledging the trauma they have experienced. Lack of knowledge of the fact that violence and threats of violence are used to facilitate the robbery, and that hijacking without an element of violence is not a possibility, often leads to these important elements being ignored. A further reason for this may be inadequate knowledge about the serious consequences of vehicle hijacking. The aim of this exposition is therefore to shed some light on the position of trauma victims of vehicle hijacking experience, to emphasise the far-reaching consequences of this priority crime, and to highlight some of the problems that are experienced with currently available support. This is done in the hope that such information will not only broaden the knowledge of social workers, but also encourage them and others in the helping professions to treat victims of vehicle hijacking in the same way as other victims of violent crimes. Keywords: Hijacking, vehicle, violence, physical, emotional, trauma
A New Theater (2001)

Just as actress Kawakami Sadayakko’s presence enabled the project of straightening theater, actress Matsui Sumako’s presence animated the project of bringing theater into a new era. This was the era of New Theater, a bundle of practices and ideas that correspond to a well-established movement in Japanese theater history: the shingeki. At first, shingeki was merely a descriptive phrase employed to distinguish new theatrical experiments from kabuki (the latter now being labeled the old theater, or kyūgeki). Shingeki gradually came to refer to a specific cluster of troupes that emerged in the early twentieth century, including Osanai Kaoru’s Free Theater (Jiyū Gekijō), Tsubouchi Shōyō’s Literary Society (Bungei Kyōkai), Shimamura Hōgetsu’s Art Theater (Geijutsuza), and a host of small troupes that came and went, but some of which survive to the present day. Today, the term also refers to the legacy of those troupes: the few existing groups of actors who trace their artistic lineage to those troupes, the kinds of Japanese and Western plays most often performed by those troupes, and, most importantly for our purposes, a set of assumptions about what theater is and ought to be.
Fluvoxamine in the treatment of anxiety disorders. (2005)

Fluvoxamine is a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that has proved effective in large double-blind, randomized, controlled trials involving patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and panic disorder. Improvements have also been demonstrated in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as those with a range of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders including binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, pathological gambling, and body dysmorphic disorder. Several well controlled studies have confirmed the efficacy of fluvoxamine in children and adolescents with OCD, SAD, and other anxiety disorders, and it was the first SSRI to be registered for the treatment of OCD in children. Fluvoxamine is well tolerated. In common with other SSRIs, the most frequently reported adverse event is nausea. Fluvoxamine does not cause sedation or cognitive impairment and is associated with a low risk of sexual dysfunction, suicidality, and withdrawal reactions. It is safe in overdose and has no significant effect on body weight or cardiovascular parameters.
Geometric phase coded metasurface: from polarization dependent directive electromagnetic wave scattering to diffusion-like scattering (2016)

Ultrathin metasurface compromising various sub-wavelength meta-particles offers promising advantages in controlling electromagnetic wave by spatially manipulating the wavefront characteristics across the interface. The recently proposed digital coding metasurface could even simplify the design and optimization procedures due to the digitalization of the meta-particle geometry. However, current attempts to implement the digital metasurface still utilize several structural meta-particles to obtain certain electromagnetic responses, and requiring time-consuming optimization especially in multi-bits coding designs. In this regard, we present herein utilizing geometric phase based single structured meta-particle with various orientations to achieve either 1-bit or multi-bits digital metasurface. Particular electromagnetic wave scattering patterns dependent on the incident polarizations can be tailored by the encoded metasurfaces with regular sequences. On the contrast, polarization insensitive diffusion-like scattering can also been successfully achieved by digital metasurface encoded with randomly distributed coding sequences leading to substantial suppression of backward scattering in a broadband microwave frequency. The proposed digital metasurfaces provide simple designs and reveal new opportunities for controlling electromagnetic wave scattering with or without polarization dependence.
Fish Oil and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation (2012)

In this large multinational trial among patients undergoing cardiac surgery, perioperative supplementation with n-3-PUFAs, compared with placebo, did not reduce the risk of postoperative AF. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00970489.
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Meets Immunology: Friend or Foe? A Little of Both (2014)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has long been studied by toxicologists as a ligand-activated transcription factor that is activated by dioxin and other environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The hallmark of AHR activation is the upregulation of the cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize many of these toxic compounds. However, recent findings demonstrate that both exogenous and endogenous AHR ligands can alter innate and adaptive immune responses including effects on T-cell differentiation. Kynurenine, a tryptophan breakdown product, is one such endogenous ligand of the AHR. Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by dendritic cells causes accumulation of kynurenine and results in subsequent tolerogenic effects including increased regulatory T-cell activity. At the same time, PAHs found in pollution enhance Th17 differentiation in the lungs of exposed mice via the AHR. In this perspective, we will discuss the importance of the AHR in the immune system and the role this might play in normal physiology and response to disease.
The in-vitro effect of antineoplastic agents on proliferative activity and cytoskeletal components of plaque-derived smooth-muscle cells from human coronary arteries (1993)

This investigation examined the potential role of antineoplastic therapy in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. The development of new intravascular delivery systems, such as coated stents, may open the way for local antiproliferative strategies in interventional cardiology.
In vitro osteoclast resorption of bone substitute biomaterials used for implant site augmentation: a pilot study. (2002)

Allogenous and xenogenous bone-derived materials that undergo delayed physiologic resorption may be more appropriately used with a staged surgical approach when used in sites intended to support osseointegrated dental implants. The combination of collagen staining and the presence of nitrogen suggest that there may be residual protein in Bio-Oss.
[Transformation of core Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligene insecticidal protein gene and its insecticidal expression in tobacco]. (2008)

The results indicated that the SPS might affect the insecticidal activity of ppip expressed in plants. The data of this study are helpful for cost-effective genetic engineering of plants with ppip gene.
[Diabetogenic action of alloxan in short-term termination of the blood supply to the pancreas and spleen]. (1984)

It has been shown that the development of alloxan diabetes in rats and the appearance of diabetogenic factor in blood is caused by the direct alloxan action on pancreas and spleen--the organs supplying by blood through the spleen artery. The stopping of blood circulation in that artery preserves rat's organism from the development of general toxic effect of alloxan. The inactivation of alloxan as a diabetogenic agent has been shown after its 5-minute at 37 degrees C incubation with blood. It has been established that the half activity of intravenous injected alloxan disappears in rat's organism during 50 s. and does not depend on alloxan sensitivity of animals.
Juxtaposition of expressed variable antigen genes with a conserved telomere in the bacterium Borrelia hermsii. (1990)

Borrelia hermsii, an agent of relapsing fever, survives in mammals through antigenic variation. Change in serotype-specific variable outer membrane proteins (Vmps) occurs when a Vmp gene at an expression site is replaced with a previously silent gene for another Vmp. Silent and active genes are on separate linear plasmids. The upstream site for a nonreciprocal recombination between two linear plasmids is near the 5' ends of the expressed and silent genes. In the present study we sought the downstream recombination sites in two serotypes, 7 and 21. Restriction fragments containing plasmid telomeres were identified by susceptibility to digestion with BAL-31 and rapid reannealment following denaturation. Whereas both silent genes and a minority population of both expression-linked genes were several kilobases from the telomeres, the predominant population of both expressed genes had 3' ends near plasmid telomeres. Sequence analysis of the predominant expression plasmids revealed that the telomeric sequences were the same in serotypes 7 and 21. Identical sequence was also downstream of silent Vmp genes. Switching of Vmp genes appears to occur by recombination that involves both upstream and downstream sites. The expression plasmid's telomere is preserved in the recombination event.
Isolation and characterization of mutations in the structural gene for protease III (ptr) (1979)

Escherichia coli mutants defective in protease III were isolated by enzyme assays of heavily mutagenized colones. One mutant produced thermolabile enzyme, and it is presumed to have a mutation in the structural gene of protease III. Two other mutants mapping at the same site had less than 5% of the wild-type protease III level. The genetic locus of these mutations, designated ptr, was located at approximately 60 min on the E. coli linkage map based on its high frequency (70%) of contransduction by P1 with argA. Strains with less than 5% of the wild-type protease III activity grew normally and degraded nonsense fragments of beta-galactosidase at wild-type rates.
Structure and Inhibitory Effects on Angiogenesis and Tumor Development of a New Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor (2003)

Blocking angiogenesis is an attractive strategy to inhibit tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. We describe here the structure and the biological action of a new cyclic peptide derived from vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This 17-amino acid molecule designated cyclopeptidic vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (cyclo-VEGI, CBO-P11) encompasses residues 79-93 of VEGF which are involved in the interaction with VEGF receptor-2. In aqueous solution, cyclo-VEGI presents a propensity to adopt a helix conformation that was largely unexpected because only beta-sheet structures or random coil conformations have been observed for macrocyclic peptides. Cyclo-VEGI inhibits binding of iodinated VEGF165 to endothelial cells, endothelial cells proliferation, migration, and signaling induced by VEGF165. This peptide also exhibits anti-angiogenic activity in vivo on the differentiated chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Furthermore, cyclo-VEGI significantly blocks the growth of established intracranial glioma in nude and syngeneic mice and improves survival without side effects. Taken together, these results suggest that cyclo-VEGI is an attractive candidate for the development of novel angiogenesis inhibitor molecules useful for the treatment of cancer and other angiogenesis-related diseases.
Use of mouse anti-rabies monoclonal antibodies in postexposure treatment of rabies. (1989)

Immunization of mice and hamsters with a cocktail of mouse MAbs specific for rabies virus nucleocapsid protein and glycoprotein protected animals not only when challenged with a lethal dose of rabies virus after immunization, but also in post-exposure situations. Hamsters treated with the MAb cocktail 3 h after virus inoculation were completely protected from lethal rabies virus infection, and 80% of the animals survived when the MAb cocktail was given 36 h after virus challenge. The potential usefulness of this MAb cocktail for the postexposure treatment of human rabies is discussed.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI phenotypes-genotypes and antibody response to galsulfase (2013)

The clinical phenotypes and the observed defects in the biosynthesis of ARSB show that some of the mutations that we identified are clearly more severe than others. Patients receiving galsulfase as enzyme-replacement therapy can develop antibodies towards the therapeutic protein. Though most titers are modest, they can exceed a level at which they potentially affect the clinical outcome of enzyme-replacement therapy.
The role of TNF-α in regulating ketamine-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity (2015)

Our results clearly demonstrated a protective mechanism of down-regulating TNF in ketamine-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. This study may present a new target for pharmacological intervention to prevent anesthesia-related neurodegeneration in brain.
Correction of X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Disease by Transplantation of Cord-Blood Stem Cells (1993)

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease is characterized by vulnerability to diseases induced by the Epstein-Barr virus, including life-threatening infectious mononucleosis, hypogammaglobulinemia, aplastic anemia, and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is uniformly fatal by the age of 40 years1. Bone marrow transplantation has the potential to correct this defect and has been performed with HLA-matched family members or unrelated persons as donors. One patient had a return of serum IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations to normal but died of an adenovirus infection 84 days after bone marrow transplantation2. Two other patients died 23 and 60 days after bone marrow transplantation as a result . . .
The Transcription Factor Snail Mediates Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transitions by Repression of Estrogen Receptor-α (2007)

The estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha (ESR1) is a key regulatory molecule in mammary epithelial cell development. Loss of ER-alpha in breast cancer is correlated with poor prognosis, increased recurrence after treatment, and an elevated incidence of metastasis. A proposed molecular pathway by which ER-alpha acts to constrain invasive growth in breast cancer cells involves direct, ER-alpha-dependent expression of metastasis-associated protein 3, a cell-type-specific component of the Mi-2/NuRD chromatin remodeling complex. MTA3 in turn represses expression of Snail, a transcription factor linked to epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cancer metastasis. To elucidate its role(s) in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), we expressed Snail in the noninvasive, ER-alpha-positive MCF-7 cell line. Snail expression led to decreased cell-cell adhesion and increased cell invasiveness. Furthermore, we observed loss of ER-alpha expression at both the RNA and protein level that was accompanied by direct interaction of Snail with regulatory DNA sequences at the ESR1 locus. A consequence of loss of ER-alpha function in this system was the increased abundance of key components of the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Thus, cross-talk among ER-alpha, Snail, and the TGF-beta pathway appears to control critical phenotypic properties of breast cancer cells.
Oncosis is associated with exposure of phosphatidylserine residues on the outside layer of the plasma membrane: A reconsideration of the specificity of the annexin V/propidium iodide assay (2001)

This study concludes that the annexin V/PI assay does not discriminate between apoptosis and oncosis and that it can be a useful tool to study oncosis by flow cytometry.