gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple Myeloma: Increasing Evidence for a Multistep Transformation Process (1998)

Multiple Myeloma (Mm) is a clonal B-cell neoplasm that affects terminally differentiated B cells (ie, plasma cells) and may proceed through different phases: an inactive phase in which tumor cells are nonproliferating mature plasma cells, an active phase with a small percentage (<1%) of proliferating plasmablastic cells, and a fulminant phase with the frequent occurrence of extramedullary proliferation and an increase in plasmablastic cells. During the past years, considerable progress has been made in identifying some of the critical components of neoplastic transformation in MM. This review intends to propose a model of a stepwise malignant transformation during MM pathogenesis. Both diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this model will be discussed.
Feasibility study of a scalable optical interconnection network for massively parallel processing systems (1996)

The theoretical modeling of a novel topology for scalable optical interconnection networks, called optical multimesh hypercube (OMMH), is developed to predict size, bit rate, bit-error rate, power budget, noise, efficiency, interconnect distance, pixel density, and misalignment sensitivity. The numerical predictions are validated with experimental data from commercially available products to assess the effects of various thermal, system, and geometric parameters on the behavior of the sample model. OMMH is a scalable network architecture that combines positive features of the hypercube (small diameter, regular, symmetric, and fault tolerant) and the mesh (constant node degree and size scalability). The OMMH is implemented by a free-space imaging system incorporated with a space-invariant hologram for the hypercube links and fiber optics to provide the mesh connectivity. The results of this work show that the free-space links can operate at 368 Mbits/s and the fiber-based links at 228 Mbits/s for a bit-error rate of 10(-17) per channel. The predicted system size for 32 nodes in the OMMH is 4.16 mm × 4.16 mm × 3.38 cm. Using 16-bit, bit-parallel transmission per node, the system can operate at a bit rate of up to 5.88 Gbits/s for a size of 1.04 cm × 1.04 cm × 3.38 cm.
Predicting Survival in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2010)

We identified key predictors of survival based on the patient's most recent evaluation and formulated a contemporary prognostic equation. Use of this tool may allow the individualization and optimization of therapeutic strategies. Serial follow-up and reassessment are warranted. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00370214.
Periodated Cyclosilanes (1981)

The first cyclic silicon‐iodine compounds (SiI 2 ) n , n = 4, 5, 6 , are accessible from the corresponding phenyl derivatives by reaction with HI in the presence of A1I 3 catalyst. The catalyst must be free of water and iodine. The products are yellow and extremely sensitive to moisture.
Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease (1985)

Clinically manifest coronary heart disease (CHD) is not uncommon in diabetics with insulin-dependent type of the disease below the age of 40, particularly when the duration of diabetes is long. Clinically manifest CHD is very common in diabetics with maturity-onset, non-insulin-dependent type of the disease, and in this type of diabetes the frequency of CHD shows little or no relation to the duration of diabetes. Premenopausal female diabetics have a clinically manifest CHD almost as often as male diabetics of the same age--a situation in sharp contrast to that in non-diabetics with large excess of CHD in males. The incidence of all manifestations of CHD (sudden and nonsudden CHD death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, "silent" myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris) is increased in diabetics as compared to non-diabetics, but the excess of CHD mortality in diabetics is especially marked, being 3 to 4 times higher than in non-diabetics. The incidence of congestive heart failure is markedly increased in diabetics and this is in part independent of increased occurrence of CHD and hypertension among diabetics. Subclinical abnormalities of left ventricular function are common in diabetics and these abnormalities appear to show some relationship to the metabolic control of diabetes and in insulin-dependent diabetics also to the presence of microangiopathy. Diabetes is associated with changes in general CHD risk factors to atherogenic direction. These changes include abnormalities in the levels and composition of plasma lipids and lipoproteins and increased frequency of hypertension. The impact of general risk factors on CHD risk appears to be similar in diabetics and non-diabetics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Variable binding affinities of listeriolysin O peptides for the H‐2Kd class I molecule (1993)

Previously we used the peptide-binding motif for the murine class I major histocompatibility complex molecule H-2Kd to identify a nonamer peptide of the Listeria monocytogenes listeriolysin (LLO) protein that was recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in association with H-2Kd. Eleven nonamer peptides contained in the LLO sequence were synthesized and one, LLO 91-99, proved to be a CTL target. Using peptide binding competition assays with H-2Kd-restricted CTL, we show that 3 out of the 11 LLO peptides, including the CTL epitope, have a high binding affinity for H-2Kd; 2 of 11 peptides have approximately 10-fold lower affinity, while the remaining 6 peptides have no or very low affinity for H-2Kd. Single residue changes were made in the LLO 91-99 peptide and two other LLO peptides to identify non-anchor amino acids that might interfere with peptide binding. In addition, we used the LLO peptides which bound well to H-2Kd to attempt to restimulate a secondary CTL response from L. monocytogenes-primed spleen cells. Only LLO 91-99 was able to induce such a response. Thus only a fraction of nonamer peptides which fit the original binding motif have a high affinity for the H-2Kd class I molecule, and only a fraction of these serve as CTL epitopes.
Multifunctional peptide-based nanosystems for improving delivery and molecular imaging. (2008)

Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary scientific field impacting on various facets of preclinical and clinical research. One of the areas most affected is the development of medical treatments, that is, nanomedicine. In particular, drug delivery is expected to benefit from the unique ability of nanoparticles to selectively target different tissues and cellular compartments. In this review, advances using nanoparticles to improve the delivery of peptides by rendering them more stable, less susceptible to degradation, and able to cross physical barriers that typically restrict circulatory system access are discussed. In addition, the use of peptide-nanoparticle conjugates to target normal and diseased tissues to deliver therapeutic agents or to image them for diagnostic and screening purposes, or both, are highlighted. In the next few years these technologies are expected to allow control of drug delivery, targeting, and imaging that is currently unattainable.
Visualization of MacromoleculesA First Step to Manipulation and Controlled Response (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVisualization of MacromoleculesA First Step to Manipulation and Controlled ResponseSergei S. Sheiko and Martin MöllerView Author Information Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 12, 4099–4124Publication Date (Web):December 12, 2001Publication History Received12 July 2001Published online12 December 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr990129vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr990129vresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2536Altmetric-Citations358LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Conformation,Genetics,Molecules,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Therapy using labelled somatostatin analogues: comparison of the absorbed doses with 111In-DTPA-D-Phe1-octreotide and yttrium-labelled DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (2008)

This direct intra-patient comparison confirms that the use of (90)Y-DOTA-D-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide is more appropriate for therapy of somatostatin receptor bearing tumours. When using (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe(1)-octreotide, the red marrow represents the major critical organ; this can result in significant toxicity if high activities have to be administered to obtain efficient tumour irradiation.
A Phase 1 Study of Pralatrexate in Combination with Paclitaxel or Docetaxel in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2007)

Pralatrexate (120 mg/m(2)) plus docetaxel (35 mg/m(2)) plus vitamin supplementation is well tolerated with signs of efficacy against non-small-cell lung cancer that merit phase 2 testing.
Novel Approach to the Formulation of an Epstein-Barr Virus Antigen-Based Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Vaccine (2009)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several malignant diseases including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a common neoplasm throughout southeast Asia. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can achieve remission, but a reemergence of disease is not uncommon. Therefore, there is a need for specific therapies that target the tumor through the recognition of EBV antigens. In NPC, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2 offer the best opportunity for specific targeting since they are typically expressed and T-cell determinants in each of these proteins have been defined. We have attempted to maximize the opportunity of incorporating every possible CD4 and CD8 determinant in a single formulation. We have achieved this by generating a scrambled protein incorporating random overlapping peptide sets from EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2, which was then inserted into a replication-deficient strain of adenovirus (adenovirus scrambled antigen vaccine [Ad-SAVINE]). This report describes the construction of this Ad-SAVINE construct, its utility in generating LMP1 and LMP2 responses in healthy individuals as well as NPC patients, and its capacity to define new epitopes. This formulation could have a role in NPC immunotherapy for all ethnic groups since it has the potential to activate all possible CD4 and CD8 responses within EBNA1 and LMPs.
Leukotrienes and other lipoxygenase products in the pathogenesis and therapy of psoriasis and other dermatoses (1983)

In this issue of theArchives(page 548), Kragballe and Herlin describe a double-blind study that clearly demonstrates that benoxaprofen is efficacious in the therapy of psoriasis. This exciting observation may have a substantial impact on drug development for psoriasis and possibly other inflammatory proliferative skin diseases. My purpose is to present evidence that has caused me to conclude that the observations of Kragballe and Herlin are of unusual importance. This evidence will be understood best if it is presented in the context of current information on arachidonic acid (AA) transformations in the epidermis and in whole skin. <h3>AA TRANSFORMATIONS</h3> Arachidonic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, is the precursor of prostaglandins (PGs), hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), thromboxanes (TXs), and leukotrienes (LTs).<sup>1</sup>The backbone of lecithin is glycerol with its three carbon atoms. Arachidonic acid is esterified to the middle (the so-called 2 position) of these three atoms in epidermal lecithin
Activation of Frataxin Protein Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting the Mutant Expanded Repeat (2018)

Friedreich's Ataxia (FA) is an inherited neurologic disorder caused by an expanded GAA repeat within intron 1 of the frataxin (FXN) gene that reduces expression of FXN protein. Agents that increase expression of FXN have the potential to alleviate the disease. We previously reported that duplex RNAs (dsRNAs) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) complementary to the GAA repeat could enhance expression of FXN protein. We now explore the potential of a diverse group of chemically modified dsRNAs and ASOs to define the breadth of repeat-targeted synthetic nucleic acids as a platform for therapeutic development for FA. ASOs and dsRNAs can activate FXN protein expression in FA patient-derived cell lines that possess varied numbers of GAA repeats. Increased FXN protein expression was achieved by ASOs incorporating diverse chemical modifications with low nanomolar potencies, suggesting substantial flexibility in choosing compounds for further chemical optimization and animal studies. Our data encourage further development of ASOs as agents to treat FA.
Synthesis and Characterization of Water-Soluble Tin-Based Metallodendrimers (2003)

Introduction of ionic or nonionic hydrophilic terminal groups into the hydrophobic dendritic backbone Si(CH2CH2Sn)4 led to a variety of first-generation water-soluble tin-based dendrimers. Functionalization of the hydridotin dendrimer Si(CH2CH2SnH3)4 (1) via 12-fold hydrostannation reaction of acrylic acid derivatives served as the key step. 1 reacts with methyl acrylate to give Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2COOCH3)3]4 (2), which by means of alkaline hydrolysis was converted into the water-soluble carboxylate-terminated dendrimers Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2COOM)3]4 [M = Na (3), K (4)]. Reduction of 2 afforded the dendritic polyalcohol Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2CH2OH)3]4 (5). A clearly enhanced water solubility due to nonionic surface functionalization of 2 was obtained by its reaction with 2-aminoethanol, formally yielding Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2CONHCH2CH2OH)2.5(CH2CH2COOCH3)0.5]4 (6). The hydrostannation of O-protected N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamides by 1, however, gave the monodisperse derivatives Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2CONHCH2CH2OR)3]4 [R = CO2tBu (7), SiMe2tBu (8)]; deprotection of 8 with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride yielded the water-soluble Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2CONHCH2CH2OH)3]4 (9). Also via hydrostannation reaction by 1, the ester-substituted analogue Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2COOCH2CH2OH)3]4 (10), showing a clearly lower hydrolytic stability, and the homologous amide-substituted dendrimer Si[CH2CH2Sn(CH2CH2CONHCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH)3]4 (11) were synthesized. The new organotin dendrimers were characterized by elemental analysis, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 119Sn), and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF, ESI). With respect to the potential use of water-soluble tin-based metallodendrimers as X-ray contrast agents, 6 was studied in vivo in mice, roughly estimating its LD50 to 3 mmol Sn/kg body weight.
Neuraminidase Augments Fc Receptor II-Mediated Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Infection (1993)

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of dengue virus infection occurs when neutralizing antibodies at sub-neutralizing concentrations or non-neutralizing antibodies form complexes with the virus. These virus-antibody complexes can then attach to a Fc gamma receptor-bearing cell, via the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin, resulting in an increased number of infected cells. ADE may be responsible in part for the most severe clinical manifestations of dengue virus infection which include haemorrhage and shock. Three classes of human Fc gamma receptors exist, Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII. In this study, we examined the effects of neuraminidase on ADE of dengue virus infection mediated by the low-affinity Fc gamma RII. K562 cells, which express only Fc gamma RII, treated with neuraminidase resulted in augmentation of ADE of dengue virus infection by human anti-dengue antibodies. This augmented ADE of infection could be blocked by anti-Fc gamma RII monoclonal antibody IV.3. Incubation of neuraminidase-treated K562 cells with IgG-coated human red blood cells resulted in an increase in the percentage of rosette formations compared with the untreated K562 cells. A bispecific antibody directed against Fc gamma RII and dengue virus (IV.3 x 2H2) enhanced virus infection. Neuraminidase also augmented ADE mediated by this antibody, but to a much lesser degree (by 50%) compared with that seen using conventional human anti-dengue antibody (by 200 to 300%). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of neuraminidase-treated K562 cells showed that the number of Fc gamma RII-specific antibodies that bind to Fc gamma RII increases by 15 to 20% after treatment with neuraminidase. These results indicate that neuraminidase augments ADE of dengue virus infection and that the augmented ADE is mediated through Fc gamma RII.
Gene-delivery systems for iPS cell generation (2010)

A single non-integrating reprogramming vector system with high reprogramming efficiency is probably essential for generation of clinically translatable human iPS cells.
Role of MCP-1 and RANTES in inflammation and progression to fibrosis during murine crescentic nephritis (1997)

The involvement of chemokines in inflammation is well established but their functional role in disease progression, and particularly in the development of fibrosis, is not yet understood. We have investigated the functional role that the chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and RANTES play in inflammation and the progression to fibrosis during crescentic nephritis. During this disease inflammatory infiltrates are observed within glomeruli and interstitium in conjunction with increased expression of MCP-1 and RANTES and a decrease in renal function. Disease progression is marked by formation of glomerular crescents and the deposition of type I collagen. Blocking the function of MCP-1 or RANTES resulted in significant decreases in proteinuria as well as numbers of infiltrating leukocytes, indicating that both MCP-1 and RANTES play an important role in the inflammatory phase of crescentic nephritis. In particular, neutralization of MCP-1, but not RANTES, resulted in a dramatic decrease in glomerular crescent formation and deposition of type I collagen. These results highlight a novel role for MCP-1 in crescent formation and development of interstitial fibrosis and indicate that in addition to recruiting inflammatory cells this chemokine is critically involved in irreversible tissue damage.
Cardiorenal actions of neutral endopeptidase inhibition in experimental congestive heart failure. (1990)

The present studies were designed to determine the action of neutral endopeptidase inhibition (NEP-I), an inhibitor of the degradation of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), in congestive heart failure (CHF). Studies were conducted in two groups of anesthetized dogs with CHF induced by 8 days of rapid right ventricular pacing. Group 1 (n = 5) received a specific NEP-I (SQ 28,603) at two doses administered sequentially -30 mg/kg followed by a 60 mg/kg i.v. bolus. Group 2 (n = 5) received intravenous infusion of exogenous ANF (100 ng/kg/min) to achieve increases in plasma ANF concentration as observed in group 1. NEP-I resulted in a diuresis and natriuresis (p less than 0.05) with increases in the fractional excretion of sodium and fractional excretion of lithium, the latter a marker for proximal tubule sodium delivery. Such tubular actions occurred in the absence of increases in glomerular filtration rate or renal blood flow but were associated with significant increases in urinary ANF and urinary cyclic GMP. Plasma ANF increased after the 30 mg/kg NEP-I dose. In contrast, in group 2 with exogenous ANF and despite a marked increase in plasma ANF, no natriuresis was observed. Arterial pressure did not change in either group. These studies demonstrate for the first time in CHF that NEP-I may potentiate the natriuretic action of endogenous ANF by a mechanism that is independent of systemic or renal hemodynamics and does not parallel increases in plasma ANF. These studies support an important therapeutic role for NEP-I in CHF.
74‐2: Diffracted Image Retrieving with Deep Learning (2020)

We investigated deep image‐to‐image regression models to retrieve diffracted and/or defocused images induced from optical components. For the purpose, a quantitative metric for strength of diffraction/defocus and optical simulation method have been devised. The quality of retrieved images has been improved by optimizing optical components, and by modifying the deep model.
Effect of Verification Bias on Screening for Prostate Cancer by Measurement of Prostate-Specific Antigen (2003)

A lower threshold level of PSA for recommending prostate biopsy, particularly in younger men, may improve the clinical value of the PSA test.
Quantitative Description of the Relation between Protein Net Charge and Protein Adsorption to Air−Water Interfaces (2005)

In this study a set of chemically engineered variants of ovalbumin was produced to study the effects of electrostatic charge on the adsorption kinetics and resulting surface pressure at the air-water interface. The modification itself was based on the coupling of succinic anhydride to lysine residues on the protein surface. After purification of the modified proteins, five homogeneous batches were obtained with increasing degrees of modification and zeta-potentials ranging from -19 to -26 mV (-17 mV for native ovalbumin). These batches showed no changes in secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure compared to the native protein. However, the rate of adsorption as measured with ellipsometry was found to decrease with increasing net charge, even at the initial stages of adsorption. This indicates an energy barrier to adsorption. With the use of a model based on the random sequential adsorption model, the energy barrier for adsorption was calculated and found to increase from 4.7 kT to 6.1 kT when the protein net charge was increased from -12 to -26. A second effect was that the increased electrostatic repulsion resulted in a larger apparent size of the adsorbed proteins, which went from 19 to 31 nm2 (native and highest modification, respectively), corresponding to similar interaction energies at saturation. The interaction energy was found to determine not only the saturation surface load but also the surface pressure as a function of the surface load. This work shows that, in order to describe the functionality of proteins at interfaces, they can be described as hard colloidal particles. Further, it is shown that the build-up of protein surface layers can be described by the coulombic interactions, exposed protein hydrophobicity, and size.