gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instantaneous ego-motion estimation using multiple Doppler radars (2014)

The estimation of the ego-vehicle's motion is a key capability for advanced driving assistant systems and mobile robot localization. The following paper presents a robust algorithm using radar sensors to instantly determine the complete 2D motion state of the ego-vehicle (longitudinal, lateral velocity and yaw rate). It evaluates the relative motion between at least two Doppler radar sensors and their received stationary reflections (targets). Based on the distribution of their radial velocities across the azimuth angle, non-stationary targets and clutter are excluded. The ego-motion and its corresponding covariance matrix are estimated. The algorithm does not require any preprocessing steps such as clustering or clutter suppression and does not contain any model assumptions. The sensors can be mounted at any position on the vehicle. A common field of view is not required, avoiding target association in space. As an additional benefit, all targets are instantly labeled as stationary or non-stationary.
24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3: An Essential Vitamin D3 Metabolite for Both Normal Bone Integrity and Healing of Tibial Fracture in Chicks* (1997)

We tested the hypothesis that 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25-(OH)2D3] is an essential vitamin D metabolite for the development of normal bone integrity and the healing of fractures. The natural 24R,25-(OH)2D3 and its synthetic epimer 24S,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24S,25-(OH)2D3] were tested alone or in combination with 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25-(OH)2D3], on normal bone development and other related variables of the Ca2+ homeostasis system [serum Ca2+, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), 24,25-(OH)2D3, and 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 levels] in chicks. Mechanical testing of torsional strength was carried out on the femur. 24R,25-(OH)2D3 (80 nmol/kg diet) alone was sufficient for normal bone growth and integrity similar to that achieved by the vitamin D3-replete controls. Next, chicks were fed a 25OHD3-replete diet (75 nmol/kg diet) for 8 days after hatching, and then 25OHD3 was withdrawn to minimize any residual circulating metabolites before the imposition of standardized tibial fractures 14 days later. Vitamin D metabolites were administered for 2 weeks to determine their effects on the mechanical properties of healed tibia. 24S,25-(OH)2D3 combined with 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 or 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 alone resulted in poor healing [strength values of 0.158 +/- 0.011 and 0.123 +/- 0.009 Nm (Newton x meter), respectively] compared with that in the 25OHD3-treated control group (0.374 +/- 0.029 Nm). In contrast, the fractured tibia of the birds fed 24R,25-(OH)2D3 in combination with 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 showed healing equivalent to that in the control group, with strength values of 0.296 +/- 0.043 Nm. These results suggest that when 24R,25-(OH)2D3 is present at normal physiological concentrations, it is an essential vitamin D3 metabolite for both normal bone integrity and healing of fracture in chicks.
Narrative practice and understanding reasons: reply to Gallagher (2006)

Gallagher writes, "My limited aim, in agreement with Hutto, is to suggest that there is no need to appeal to overly mentalistic theory-of-mind explanations for how we understand others" and that "narrative competence suggests an alternative to TOM approaches" (Gallagher: this volume). Indeed, he goes further and adds that "Our primary way of understanding others is worked out not via 3rd-person observation or 1st-person simulation, but via real (2nd person) interaction in pragmatic and social contexts" (Gallagher: this volume). Those familiar with my previous writings on narrative and folk psychology will recognise that all of this is music to my ears (Hutto 1997, 2003b, 2004). Indeed, making an extended case for these sorts of claims is the primary focus of several of my new papers, edited volumes and my forthcoming book, Folk Psychological Narratives. In this reply I highlight some aspects of the approach that I have been developing in those works.
Simultaneous selection, amplification and isolation of a pseudo-peptide receptor by an immobilised N-methyl ammonium ion template (2002)

Immobilised N-methyl ammonium ions have been used to simultaneously select, amplify and isolate a pseudo-peptide receptor from a dynamic library of hydrazones.
Effects of Combination Treatment With Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor and Sulfonylurea on Glucose Levels in Rats (2004)

The effects of orally administered dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor on the glucose-lowering effect of glibenclamide are still unknown. We evaluated the effects of combination treatment with a long-lasting DPP-IV inhibitor, K579 ((S)-1-[4-methyl-1-(2-pyrimidinyl)-4-piperidylamino]acetyl-2-pyrrolidinecarbonitrile), and glibenclamide on the glycemic responses to glucose loading in rats. Treatment with K579 inhibited the plasma DPP-IV activity even 8 h after the administration. K579 significantly suppressed the blood glucose elevation in glibenclamide-pretreated rats without excessive hypoglycemia. These profiles of K579 indicate that it could be useful agent to correct the postprandial glucose excursion in type 2 diabetes patients by combination treatment with glibenclamide.
Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Filled Rubber: Silica-Silicone (1994)

Abstract This work focuses on the relationship between the morphology of filled rubbers and their behavior at small and large deformations. Composites were made from vinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and different fumed silicas. Filler concentration range was kept between 0 to 40 phr (parts of silica per hundred parts of PDMS). Small deformation tests done in oscillatory shear showed that there is coupling of the filler agglomeration and crosslinking effects at high crosslink density while the coupling is negligible at low crosslinking levels. Since crosslinking (hydrosilation) proceeds through the end vinyl groups of the PDMS, lower molecular weight polymers produce rubbers with higher elastic modulus than do high molecular weight silicones. However, the rubbers formed from low molecular weight PDMS break at lower extensions. As in the case of uncured composites, the moduli of the samples increase with silica concentration and amount of silanols on the silica. A silica treated with divinyltetramethyldisilazane gave rubbers of high modulus similar to those obtained from untreated silicas, highlighting the importance of good adhesion between filler and polymer.
Genetic radiotherapy overcomes tumor resistance to cytotoxic agents. (1995)

We report that radiation enhances gene therapy of a radioresistant tumor by upregulating the induction of a chimeric gene encoding a radiosensitizing protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). We ligated the radiation-inducible CArG elements of the radiation-inducible Egr-1 promoter/enhancer region upstream to the transcriptional start site of the human TNF cDNA (pE425-TNF). This construct was transfected using cationic liposomes into the variant murine fibrosarcoma cell line, P4L. The P4L cell line was both radioresistant (D0 = 188) and resistant to TNF. After a single intratumoral injection of 10 micrograms of pE425-TNF in cationic liposomes and two 20-Gy doses of irradiation, mean tumor volumes were significantly reduced in P4L tumors as compared to those receiving either pE425-TNF in liposomes or radiation alone (P = 0.01). TNf protein in P4L tumors was induced by radiation as high as 29 times control levels and remained detectable for 14 days. Our data indicate that combined gene therapy using liposomes, together with ionizing radiation to locally activate the induction of a radiosensitizing protein, is successful at overcoming resistance to both TNF and radiation.
Vector analysis in partitioning of inspiratory muscle action in dogs (1992)

We considered the displacements and the pressure changes resulting from isolated contraction of 2 muscles as analogous to 2 vectors and those during simultaneous contraction as resultants. These were resolved into contributing components to calculate the contribution of each muscle group and partition the action of inspiratory muscles. Relative displacements of rib cage (delta RC) and abdomen (delta AB) and changes in transpulmonary (delta PL) and abdominal (delta Pab) pressures were obtained during spontaneous breathing, isolated contraction of rib cage muscle (RCM), diaphragmatic (DI), costal and crural diaphragm and passive inflation in 7 dogs. The diaphragm accounted for 58 +/- 19.8% SD of the chest wall displacement and 90 +/- 6.6% SD of the pressure swings during spontaneous breathing. The costal diaphragm accounted for 61 +/- 28.9% SD of the displacement produced by contraction of the entire diaphragm. Despite wide variability in the action of the diaphragm and its components, all animals breathed close to their relaxation characteristic. We conclude that there are marked differences in the degree of RCM recruitment between dogs in order to prevent chest wall distortions.
Random quasiperiodic halftone process (1976)

Images that have been halftoned with a periodic screen may suffer from several kinds of defects, including Moiré patterns which result when the original image contains periodic structures with periods near that of the screen. A random quasiperiodic halftone process is proposed to eliminate these defects. The process can be implemented either as a contact screen or electronically. The statistical mean and covariance of the spectrum of the halftone image are derived. Experimental work confirms the results of the analysis and shows the effectiveness of the random quasiperiodic process in eliminating the defects found in periodically halftoned images.
Hyperbranched Polymers Prepared via the Core-Dilution/Slow Addition Technique:  Computer Simulation of Molecular Weight Distribution and Degree of Branching (1998)

A novel synthetic procedure for the preparation of hyperbranched polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution and enhanced degree of branching (DB) has been studied, using computer simulation to model the kinetics of the process. Slow addition of ABm monomers to Bf core molecules in solution ("core-dilution/slow addition technique") can be used to prepare hyperbranched polymers in a controlled manner, provided the coupling reaction Bf + ABm to Bf+m-1 is rapid and quantitative. The computer simulation is based on random addition of ABm monomers to B-functionalities of the Bf core molecules for m = 2, 3 and f ranging from 2 to 12, excluding sterical constraints. It is shown that this synthetic strategy permits one to (i) control molecular weights, (ii) lower polydispersity, and (iii) enhance the DB of the resulting hyperbranched polymers. In the ideal case (ABm molecules react only with core B-functionalities and not with other ABm monomers) narrow molecular weight distributions are obtained, ranging from Mw/Mn = 1.33 to 1.08 for f = 3 and f = 12, respectively; i.e., polydispersities are controlled by the core functionality f. Obviously, for m = 2 the polydispersity for the core-dilution/slow addition process obeys the expression Mw/Mn = 1 + 1/f. The DB obtained from the simulation is 2/3 for m = 2 and 3/5 for m = 3, in excellent agreement with recent theoretical predictions, showing that DB = m/(2m − 1) for slow addition of ABm monomers (Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 298). Also, the nonideal case is considered, when ABm monomers form new core molecules Bm in the course of the reaction due to deactivation of the reactive A-function. In this case bimodal distributions are obtained.
FERRETING OUT HIV (2008)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFERRETING OUT HIVVIROLOGY: Compound that pulls the virus out of hiding is synthesizedSARAH EVERTSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2008, 86, 18, 11Publication Date (Print):May 5, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 5 May 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v086n018.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v086n018.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views13Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Viruses Get e-Alerts
Sequential administration of the high affinity CXCR4 antagonist BKT140 promotes megakaryopoiesis and platelet production (2013)

Platelets are the terminal differentiation product of megakaryocytes (MKs). Cytokines, such as thrombopoietin (TPO), are known to influence different steps in MK development; however, the complex differentiation and platelet localization processes are not fully understood. MKs express the receptor CXCR4 and have been shown to migrate in response to CXCL12 and to increase their platelet production. In this study, we studied the role of CXCR4 in platelet production with the high affinity CXCR4 antagonist, BKT140. Single and sequential administration of BKT140 significantly increased the number of MKs and haematopoietic progenitors (HPCs) within the bone marrow (BM). Increased megakaryopoiesis was associated with increased platelet production. Single and sequential administration of BKT140 also increased the number of HPCs in the blood. In a model of 5-fluorouracil-induced thrombocytopenia, BKT140 significantly reduced the severity and duration of thrombocytopenia and cytopenia when administered before and after chemotherapy. Our results demonstrated that the CXCR4 antagonist, BKT140, mediated unique beneficial effects by stimulating megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. These results provide evidence for the possible therapeutic use of BKT140 for modulating platelet numbers in thrombocytopenic conditions.
Complement and non-complement activating functions of C1q: A prototypical innate immune molecule (2011)

C1q is a versatile innate immune molecule that serves as the initiation subcomponent of the classical complement pathway. In addition, it is also a potent pattern recognition molecule, the versatility of which has fuelled its functional flexibility. C1q recognises an array of self, non-self and altered-self ligands. The broad-spectrum ligand-binding potential of C1q is facilitated by the modular organisation of the heterotrimeric globular head region, its ability to change its conformation in a very subtle way, and the manner in which this ancient molecule appears to have evolved to deal with the different types of ligands. Over recent years, molecules that resemble C1q have been put together to form the C1q family. In this review, we briefly summarise complement-dependent and complement-independent functions of C1q, its cognate receptors and key members of the rapidly growing C1q family.
Insulin, insulin-like growth factor II, and nerve growth factor effects on tubulin mRNA levels and neurite formation. (1985)

We have previously shown that insulin and the insulin-like growth factors share some important neurotrophic properties with nerve growth factor (NGF), including the capacity to enhance neurite formation. In this study, we have examined the effects of these neuritogenic agents on the expression of genes coding for important cytoskeletal proteins of axons and dendrites. Insulin specifically and coordinately increased the levels of alpha- and beta-tubulin mRNAs in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The dose-response curves for these increases were very similar to that for enhancement of neurite formation. Tubulin transcripts reached a transient maximum in approximately 1 day, suggesting that higher levels are important during initiation of neurites and that high levels are not required to sustain neurites once formed. Insulin-like growth factor II shared with insulin the capacity to substantially increase tubulin mRNA levels. NGF had but a small effect. Complementary mechanisms for these neurotrophic agents are suggested, because other studies show NGF and insulin can synergistically potentiate neurite formation. None of the factors altered the levels of actin mRNA. Thus, neurite formation does not seem to require a coordinate increase in actin and tubulin transcripts in SH-SY5Y cells.
Why don't patients take their medicine? Reasons and solutions in psychiatry (2007)

Over the course of a year, about three-quarters of patients prescribed psychotropic medication will discontinue, often coming to the decision themselves and without informing a health professional. Costs associated with unplanned discontinuation may be substantial if left uncorrected. Partial non-adherence (much more common than full discontinuation) can also be detrimental, although some patients rationally adjust their medication regimen without ill-effect. This article reviews the literature on non-adherence, whether intentional or not, and discusses patients' reasons for failure to concord with medical advice, and predictors of and solutions to the problem of non-adherence.
The Role of Diacylglycerol Lipase in Constitutive and Angiotensin AT1 Receptor-stimulated Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Activity (2007)

The cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor, which couples to the Gi/o family of heterotrimeric G proteins. The receptor displays both basal and agonist-induced signaling and internalization. Although basal activity of CB1Rs is attributed to constitutive (agonist-independent) receptor activity, studies in neurons suggested a role of postsynaptic endocannabinoid (eCB) release in the persistent activity of presynaptic CB1Rs. To elucidate the role of eCBs in basal CB1R activity, we have investigated the role of diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) in this process in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which are not targeted specifically with eCBs. Agonist-induced G protein activation was determined by detecting dissociation G protein subunits expressed in CHO cells with bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), after labeling the alpha and beta subunits with Renilla luciferase and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP), respectively. Preincubation of the cells with tetrahydrolipstatin (THL), a known inhibitor of DAGLs, caused inhibition of the basal activity of CB1R. Moreover, preincubation of CHO and cultured hippocampal neurons with THL increased the number of CB1Rs on the cell membrane, which reflects its inhibitory action on CB1R internalization in non-simulated cells. In CHO cells co-expressing CB1R and angiotensin AT1 receptors, angiotensin II-induced Go protein activation that was blocked by both a CB1R antagonist and THL. These data indicate that cell-derived eCB mediators have a general role in the basal activity of CB1Rs in non-neural cells and neurons, and that this mechanism can be stimulated by AT1 receptor activation.
Evolutionarily conserved regions of the human c-myc protein can be uncoupled from transforming activity. (1987)

The myc family of oncogenes contains coding sequences that have been preserved in different species for over 400 million years. This conservation (which implies functional selection) is broadly represented throughout the C-terminal portion of the human c-myc protein but is largely restricted to three clusters of amino acid sequences in the N-terminal region. We have examined the role that the latter three regions of the c-myc protein might play in the transforming function of the c-myc gene. Several mutations, deletions and frameshifts, were introduced into the c-myc gene, and these mutant genes were tested for their ability to collaborate with the EJ-ras oncogene to transform rat embryo fibroblasts. Complete elimination of the first two N-terminal conserved segments abolished transforming activity. In contrast, genes altered in a portion of the second or the entire third conserved segment retained their transforming activity. Thus, the latter two segments are not required for the transformation process, suggesting that they serve another function related only to the normal expression of the c-myc gene.
A telephone number inquiry system with dialog structure (2002)

A telephone number inquiry system (TNIS) answers caller the phone number he/she wants to know. The traditional system requires the caller to know the full name of the party. In this paper, we propose a novel TNIS with dialog structure that can let caller use a more flexible method while inquiring, i.e., the caller may interact with our system to inquire the phone number by providing just the working, researching area, the surname, or the title, etc. Our system takes the telephone speech as input, after generating the word sequence, it performs a maximum likelihood key-feature matching with the knowledge base. If necessary information is not derived, interactive dialog manager is activated to resolve the caller's requirement. The experimental results show that our novel approach can make the system more natural.
Isolation and characterization of a mammalian gene encoding a high-affinity cAMP phosphodiesterase. (1989)

A rat brain cDNA library has been constructed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression vector and used to isolate genes that can function in yeast to suppress the phenotypic effects of RAS2val19, a mutant form of the RAS2 gene analogous to an oncogenic mutant of the human HRAS gene. One cDNA, DPD, was cloned and its genetic and biochemical properties were characterized. A DPD product would share 80% amino acid sequence identity with the Drosophila melanogaster dunce-encoded protein over an extended region. We have shown that the DPD protein is a high-affinity cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase.
Resolving the nanostructure of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited nanocrystalline SiOx layers for application in solar cells (2016)

Nanocrystalline silicon suboxides (nc-SiOx) have attracted attention during the past years for the use in thin-film silicon solar cells. We investigated the relationships between the nanostructure as well as the chemical, electrical, and optical properties of phosphorous, doped, nc-SiO0.8:H fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The nanostructure was varied through the sample series by changing the deposition pressure from 533 to 1067 Pa. The samples were then characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, Raman spectroscopy, aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffraction, and a specialized plasmon imaging method. We found that the material changed with increasing pressure from predominantly amorphous silicon monoxide to silicon dioxide containing nanocrystalline silicon. The nanostructure changed from amorphous silicon filaments to nanocrystalline silicon filaments, which were found to cause anisotropic electron transport.
MicroCast (2012)

Video streaming is one of the increasingly popular, as well as demanding, applications on smartphones today. In this paper, we consider a group of smartphone users, within proximity of each other, who are interested in watching the same video from the Internet at the same time. The common practice today is that each user downloads the video independently using her own cellular connection, which often leads to poor quality.