gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of low-level laser therapy on osteoarthropathy in rabbit. (2005)

The aim of this study was to determine whether low-level laser therapy (LLLT) aided the recovery of damaged articular cartilage in joints with artificially induced osteoarthropathy (OA). OA was induced by injecting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into the articular spaces of both knees in rabbits, twice a week for 4 weeks. The induction of OA and the effect of LLLT were evaluated by biochemical, radiological and histopathological analysis. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased about 40% in the OA group, as compared to the controls. Although SOD activity in the OA group was not significantly different from the 2-week groups, it was significantly different from the 4-week control and treatment groups. There was also a significant difference between the 4-week control and treatment groups. Simple radiographs and three-dimensional computed tomographs (3D CT) did not show detectable arthropathy in the OA group, nor any particular changes in the 2-week groups. In contrast, distinct erosions were seen in the distal articular cartilage of the femur, with irregularity of the articular surface, in the 4-week control group, while the erosions were reduced and arthropathy improved slightly in the 4-week treatment group. Grossly, erosions formed on the articular surface in the OA group. In comparison, severe erosions damaged the articular cartilage in the 4-week control group, but not in the 2-week control and treatment groups. Regeneration of articular cartilage was seen in gross observations in the 4-week treatment group. Histopathologically, there was slight irregularity of the articular surface and necrosis in the OA group, and serious cartilage damage, despite slight chondrocyte regeneration, in the 4-week control group. Conversely, the 4-week treatment group showed chondrocyte replacement, with sometimes close to normal articular cartilage on the articular surface. These results suggest that LLLT was effective in the treatment of chemically-induced OA.
Subscriber Authentication in Cellular Networks with Trusted Virtual SIMs (2008)

The primary goal of this paper is to design a software replacement for a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) based on the TCG MPWG Reference Architecture in order to access a mobile cellular network and its offered services. Therefor, we introduce a virtual software SIM (vSIM) with comparable usage and security characteristics like the traditional smartcard-based solution. Additionally, running a virtual SIM as a trusted and protected software on a mobile device allow significant expansion of services by introducing new usage scenarios and business models, cost reduction and more flexibility. Our approach demonstrates the substitutability of a SIM card with an adequate trusted software module supported and protected by a trustworthy operating system. In particular we propose several methods for authentication and enrollment of a subscriber.
A Proof of the Modified Booth's Algorithm for Multiplication (1975)

A simplified proof of a modification of Booth's multiplication algorithm by MacSorley to a form which examines three multiplier bits at a time is presented. In comparison with the original Booth's algorithm, which examines two bits at a time, the modified algorithm requires half the nutmber of iterations at the cost of somewhat increased complexity for each iteration.
Efficient and Scalable Purification of Cardiomyocytes from Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by VCAM1 Surface Expression (2011)

We succeeded in efficiently inducing cardiomyocytes from hESCs/hiPSCs and identifying VCAM1 as a potent cell surface marker for robust, efficient and scalable purification of cardiomyocytes from hESC/hiPSCs. These findings would offer a valuable technological basis for hESC/hiPSC-based cell therapy.
On the role of Na and modifications to Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ absorber materials using thin-MF (M=Na, K, Cs) precursor layers [solar cells] (2002)

The growth and characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ polycrystalline thin film solar cells under the presence of thin-MF (M=Na, K, Cs) precursor layers is presented. Some electrical, structural and electronic absorber properties due to the presence of such Group Ia impurities are quantified along with their influence in device performance. The authors present a growth model for the role of Na in Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ that attributes the enhancements in electrical conductivity and photovoltaic device performance to the extinction of a finite number of donor states (i.e., In/sub Cu/) at the bulk and grain-boundary regions.
A New Series of Electroluminescent Organic Compounds (1990)

Abstract A new series of electroluminescent organic compounds, 2,5-distyrylpyrazine derivatives, were prepared and investigated on EL properties. The high brightness was achieved in some of these compounds at a low dc voltage of about 10 V.
Detection of salmonella using surfaced enhanced Raman scattering (2003)

The use of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for biological detection has brought up the question of detection limits and how these detection limits apply to the application. For most biological detection uses of SERS, a high detection probability is needed for a relatively small amount of biological specimen. This is especially true for the detection of S. enteriditis (Salmonella) bacteria that may be present on minute concentrations , for example, in food products. Using SERS we have identified the associated antibody conjugated with 12nm diameter Au colloid. Our preliminary results show small fractals with a disperse distance of about 1 monomer diameter (12nm) between the colloidal gold monomers may enhance the SERS emission. We also investigate the possibility that a conformation change may induce an increase in the aromatic amino acid contribution. We then compare the antibody SERS alone to SERS of antibody conjugated to Salmonella bacteria. The use of SERS as a bacterial detection method leads to the possibility for detection of small amounts (&lt;10,000 bacteria/ml) of Salmonella bacteria. In our study we obtained a detection limit of 10<sup>6</sup> bacteria/ml using gold as a SERS active substrate.
Factors Affecting the Clinical Value of Microscopy for Acid-Fast Bacilli (1984)

In order to assess the clinical value of microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), the results of 3,207 clinical specimens submitted for mycobacterial smear and culture were analyzed. Mycobacteria grew from 176 (5.5%) of the specimens, 95 (54%) of which were Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although the overall sensitivity of the smear was low (33%), 65% of respiratory specimens yielding M. tuberculosis had positive AFB smears. Furthermore, 96% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from whom more than one specimen was processed had at least a single positive AFB smear. Smear sensitivity correlated well with quantitative growth; 89% of specimens yielding greater than or equal to 50 colonies per slant were smear positive. Specificity of the AFB smear was high; 89% of smear-positive specimens had positive cultures. After the results from culture-negative patients known to have active tuberculosis were eliminated from the analysis, the specificity of a positive smear rose to 98.3%. When the results of all specimens from each patient were considered in toto, the AFB smear had a predictive value of greater than or equal to 96%.
Novel tetravalent and bispecific IgG‐like antibody molecules combining single‐chain diabodies with the immunoglobulin γ1 Fc or CH3 region (1999)

Although bispecific IgG molecules have been successfully applied for antibody-mediated immunotherapy of tumours, applicability is hampered by the difficulties associated with their generation. In the present study, we have used a bispecific single-chain diabody (scDb) directed against carcinoembryonic antigen and Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase as a model to generate bispecific IgG-like antibody molecules. We show that the fusion of this single-chain diabody to the Fc (scDb-Fc) or CH3 (scDb-CH3) region of the human immunoglobulin gamma1 chain results in the expression of dimeric fusion proteins exhibiting four functional antigen binding sites with increased functional affinity. This strategy represents a new and convenient way to generate IgG-like multivalent and bispecific molecules that are efficiently secreted from mammalian cells.
An Exonuclease Induced by Bacteriophage λ (1967)

λ exonuclease exhibits a much greater rate of attack on native deoxyribonucleic acid than on denatured DNA, the difference in rate being 350-fold for T7 phage DNA. The attack is exclusively exonucleolytic, and the only acid-soluble products are deoxyribonucleoside 5‘-monophosphates. In contrast to the known Escherichia coli exonucleases, its initial site of attack is at the 5‘ termini of a DNA molecule, with a strong preference for termini bearing a phosphoryl residue as compared with those bearing a free hydroxyl group.
Lamotrigine in mood disorders (2003)

Lamotrigine is an anticonvulsant drug with good efficacy and safety in the treatment of epilepsy. There is now substantial evidence that lamotrigine is also useful in treating resistant depression, rapid cycling bipolar affective disorder, depressive episodes in bipolar affective disorder and in the maintenance phase or prophylaxis of bipolar affective disorder. There are possible roles in managing mood changes in borderline personality disorder, reducing chronic pain and treating schizoaffective disorder. The general range of doses found effective in affective disorders is from 50 to 300 mg daily. Clinical use seems to involve a titration of dose upwards over several weeks until the desired effect is obtained. However, further definitive double-blind, randomised controlled trials against gold standard treatments are required. Lamotrigine has a preferable side-effect profile compared to standard agents for bipolar affective disorder such as lithium or carbamazepine. Further research is certainly warranted and, given its tolerability, could point to lamotrigine as the treatment of choice for some affective disorders.
Phospholipid-induced Monomerization and Signal-peptide-induced Oligomerization of SecA (2003)

The SecA ATPase drives the processive translocation of the N terminus of secreted proteins through the cytoplasmic membrane in eubacteria via cycles of binding and release from the SecYEG translocon coupled to ATP turnover. SecA forms a physiological dimer with a dissociation constant that has previously been shown to vary with temperature and ionic strength. We now present data showing that the oligomeric state of SecA in solution is altered by ligands that it interacts with during protein translocation. Analytical ultracentrifugation, chemical cross-linking, and fluorescence anisotropy measurements show that the physiological dimer of SecA is monomerized by long-chain phospholipid analogues. Addition of wild-type but not mutant signal sequence peptide to these SecA monomers redimerizes the protein. Physiological dimers of SecA do not change their oligomeric state when they bind signal sequence peptide in the compact, low temperature conformational state but polymerize when they bind the peptide in the domain-dissociated, high-temperature conformational state that interacts with SecYEG. This last result shows that, at least under some conditions, signal peptide interactions drive formation of new intermolecular contacts distinct from those stabilizing the physiological dimer. The observations that signal peptides promote conformationally specific oligomerization of SecA while phospholipids promote subunit dissociation suggest that the oligomeric state of SecA could change dynamically during the protein translocation reaction. Cycles of SecA subunit recruitment and dissociation could potentially be employed to achieve processivity in polypeptide transport.
The Activity of Selected RB69 DNA Polymerase Mutants Can Be Restored by Manganese Ions:  The Existence of Alternative Metal Ion Ligands Used during the Polymerization Cycle (2004)

Site specific mutants in the pol active center of RB69 DNA polymerase have been produced and studied using rapid chemical-quench techniques. Pre-steady-state kinetic analysis carried out with Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) has enabled us to divide the mutants into two groups. One group had greatly reduced k(pols) values in the presence of Mg(2+) but responded to Mn(2+) which restored the k(pol) values for the nucleotidyl transfer reaction to near wild-type levels. The other group of mutants also had lower k(pol) values, relative to that of the wild-type polymerase, but could not be rescued by Mn(2+). The behavior of these mutants was interpreted in terms of the crystal structures of the available RB69 pol complexes. Our results on the metal ion dependence of the D621A and E686A mutants, together with knowledge of the position of their side chains in two different RB69 pol conformations, suggest that these acidic residues serve as alternative ligands for the metal ions destined to occupy the A and B catalytic sites. We infer that this occurs prior to the conformational change that produces the ternary RB69 pol complex in which the A and B metal ions are ligated by D623 and D411 as the enzyme is poised for phosphoryl transfer.
THE TURNOVER RATE OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE PLASMA OF THE DOG AS MEASURED WITH RADIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS (1943)

1. A method for the determination of turnover time and turnover rate of plasma phospholipid is presented. 2. During the postabsorptive state 5.2 to 8.0 mg. of phospholipid phosphorus are turned over per hour in the plasma of dogs weighing 6-9 kilos. 3. The amount of phospholipid in an organ that is supplied by plasma phospholipid per hour is calculated.
Lysosomal degradation of receptor-bound urokinase-type plasminogen activator is enhanced by its inhibitors in human trophoblastic choriocarcinoma cells. (1990)

We have studied the effect of plasminogen activator inhibitors PAI-1 and PAI-2 on the binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) to its receptor in the human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR. With 125I-labeled ligands in whole-cell binding assays, both uncomplexed u-PA and u-PA-inhibitor complexes bound to the receptor with a Kd of approximately 100 pM at 4 degrees C. Transferring the cells to 37 degrees C led to degradation to amino acids of up to 50% of the cell-bound u-PA-inhibitor complexes, whereas the degradation of uncomplexed u-PA was 15%; the remaining ligand was recovered in an apparently intact form in the medium or was still cell associated. The degradation could be inhibited by inhibitors of vesicle transport and lysosomal hydrolases. By electron microscopic autoradiography, both 125I-u-PA and 125I-u-PA-inhibitor complexes were located over the cell membrane at 4 degrees C, with the highest density of grains over the membrane at cell-cell interphases, but, after incubation at 37 degrees C, 17 and 27% of the grains for u-PA and u-PA-PAI-1 complexes, respectively, appeared over lysosomal-like bodies. These findings suggest that the u-PA receptor possesses a clearance function for the removal of u-PA after its complex formation with a specific inhibitor. The data suggest a novel mechanism by which receptor-mediated endocytosis is initiated by the binding of a secondary ligand.
[The morphological patterns in the variability of the adventitial nerve plexuses of the arteries of the internal organs in the stages of human postnatal ontogeny]. (1997)

Productive phase and periods of stabilization and involution of organ innervation development were identified according to criteria of significant alteration of quantity of nerves forming plexuses in arterial wall, myelinated fibres (MF) total and group content that were studied micromorphometrically on serial cross sections of 12 neurovascular complexes of human organs belonging to different age groups. Signs of organ specificity, asynchronous organ innervation development and phenotypic differences of organ innervation connections are given. It is proposed that magistral artery and its network in the organ serve as a morphogenic field for its neural connections development.
Principal component analysis for clustering gene expression data (2001)

Our empirical study showed that clustering with the PCs instead of the original variables does not necessarily improve, and often degrades, cluster quality. In particular, the first few PCs (which contain most of the variation in the data) do not necessarily capture most of the cluster structure. We also showed that clustering with PCs has different impact on different algorithms and different similarity metrics. Overall, we would not recommend PCA before clustering except in special circumstances.
Sex‐ and age‐dependency of IgG auto‐antibodies against IL‐1α in healthy humans (1994)

Naturally occurring anti-interleukin (IL)-1 alpha IgG antibodies (Ab-IL-1 alpha) were measured in sera of 466 healthy Danish blood donors. Ab-IL-1 alpha bound IL-1 alpha with exceptionally high affinity (Kd: 10(-11) M) and neutralized both cell-associated and extracellular IL-1 alpha but not IL-1 beta or IL-1 receptor antagonist. More than 80% of the saturable binding of rIL-1 alpha to serum was to Ab-IL-1 alpha, suggesting that these antibodies are the quantitatively most important IL-1 alpha-binding components in serum. Judged by second antibody precipitation assay, the prevalence of Ab-IL-1 alpha varied between 30% and 75% and correlated positively with age (P = 0.037). The binding capacity of serum also increased with age. Although men were more frequently positive than women (P < 0.001), there were no sex- or age-dependent alterations in the average affinities of the antibodies. Free IL-1 alpha-like molecules were generally not detected in these sera. However, acid treatment showed that 25% of Ab-IL-1 alpha-positive sera contained low amounts of IL-1 alpha-Ab-IL-1 alpha immune complexes. IgG4 represented the main IgG isotype, whereas IgG3 Ab-IL-1 alpha were undetectable. The relative amounts of IgG4 Ab-IL-1 alpha increased while IgG2-and IgG1 Ab-IL-1 alpha decreased in elderly individuals. The presence in normal individuals and the lack of affinity maturation with age suggest that Ab-IL-1 alpha may be regulatory natural auto-antibodies perhaps coded by germline genes.
Predicting in-memory database performance for automating cluster management tasks (2011)

In Software-as-a-Service, multiple tenants are typically consolidated into the same database instance to reduce costs. For analytics-as-a-service, in-memory column databases are especially suitable because they offer very short response times. This paper studies the automation of operational tasks in multi-tenant in-memory column database clusters. As a prerequisite, we develop a model for predicting whether the assignment of a particular tenant to a server in the cluster will lead to violations of response time goals. This model is then extended to capture drops in capacity incurred by migrating tenants between servers. We present an algorithm for moving tenants around the cluster to ensure that response time goals are met. In so doing, the number of servers in the cluster may be dynamically increased or decreased. The model is also extended to manage multiple copies of a tenant's data for scalability and availability. We validated the model with an implementation of a multi-tenant clustering framework for SAP's in-memory column database TREX.
A low-cost range finder using a visually located, structured light source (2003)

In this paper we show how the cost of a structured light, range finding system can be substantially reduced by visually tracking the structured light source. To be able to recover range measurements using a structured light range finder the relative positions of the structured light source and light sensor must be known. This is typically achieved by carefully controlling the position of at least one of these components using expensive mechanical actuators. Instead, we propose that little or no control is placed on the positioning of these components and that the position of the structured light source is determined using visual feedback. A low-cost prototype system employing this principle is presented.
Modulation of type M 2 pyruvate kinase activity by the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein (1999)

We report here that the E7 oncoprotein encoded by the oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 binds to the glycolytic enzyme type M2 pyruvate kinase (M2-PK). M2-PK occurs in a tetrameric form with a high affinity to its substrate phosphoenolpyruvate and a dimeric form with a low affinity to phosphoenolpyruvate, and the transition between both conformations regulates the glycolytic flux in tumor cells. The glycolytic intermediate fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate induces the reassociation of the dimeric to the tetrameric form of M2-PK. The expression of E7 in an experimental cell line shifts the equilibrium to the dimeric state despite a significant increase in the fructose 1,6-bisphosphate levels. Investigations of HPV-16 E7 mutants and the nononcogenic HPV-11 subtype suggest that the interaction of HPV-16 E7 with M2-PK may be linked to the transforming potential of the viral oncoprotein.
Influence of body composition on the bone mass of postmenopausal women (1997)

FM and LM present a positive effect on BMD, although LM is the main determinant of bone mass. Moreover, higher values of LM and FM present a protective effect against the reduction of BMD combined with menopause. Therefore postmenopausal women with low BW, especially low LM, present serious risk for developing osteoporosis.
Ebola virus-like particles protect from lethal Ebola virus infection (2003)

The filovirus Ebola causes hemorrhagic fever with 70-80% human mortality. High case-fatality rates, as well as known aerosol infectivity, make Ebola virus a potential global health threat and possible biological warfare agent. Development of an effective vaccine for use in natural outbreaks, response to biological attack, and protection of laboratory workers is a higher national priority than ever before. Coexpression of the Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) and matrix protein (VP40) in mammalian cells results in spontaneous production and release of virus-like particles (VLPs) that resemble the distinctively filamentous infectious virions. VLPs have been tested and found efficacious as vaccines for several viruses, including papillomavirus, HIV, parvovirus, and rotavirus. Herein, we report that Ebola VLPs (eVLPs) were immunogenic in vitro as eVLPs matured and activated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, assessed by increases in cell-surface markers CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I and II and secretion of IL-6, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by the dendritic cells. Further, vaccinating mice with eVLPs activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as CD19+ B cells. After vaccination with eVLPs, mice developed high titers of Ebola virus-specific antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. Importantly, mice vaccinated with eVLPs were 100% protected from an otherwise lethal Ebola virus inoculation. Together, our data suggest that eVLPs represent a promising vaccine candidate for protection against Ebola virus infections and a much needed tool to examine the genesis and nature of immune responses to Ebola virus.