gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of cDNAs encoding human pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha subunit. (1989)

A cDNA clone (1423 base pairs) comprising the entire coding region of the precursor form of the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 alpha) has been isolated from a human liver cDNA library in phage lambda gt11. The first 29 amino acids deduced from the open reading frame correspond to a typical mitochondrial targeting leader sequence. The remaining 361 amino acids, starting at the N terminus with phenylalanine, represent the mature mitochondrial E1 alpha peptide. The cDNA has 43 base pairs in the 5' untranslated region and 210 base pairs in the 3' untranslated region, including a polyadenylylation signal and a short poly(A) tract. The nucleotide sequence of human liver E1 alpha cDNA was confirmed by the nucleotide sequences of three overlapping fragments generated from human liver and fibroblast RNA by reverse transcription and DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. This consensus nucleotide sequence of human liver E1 alpha cDNA resolves existing discrepancies among three previously reported human E1 alpha cDNAs and provides the unambiguous reference sequence needed for the characterization of genetic mutations in pyruvate dehydrogenase-deficient patients.
Total chemical synthesis of a 77-nucleotide-long RNA sequence having methionine-acceptance activity. (1988)

Chemical synthesis is described of a 77-nucleotide-long RNA molecule that has the sequence of an Escherichia coli Ado-47-containing tRNA(fMet) species in which the modified nucleosides have been substituted by their unmodified parent nucleosides. The sequence was assembled on a solid-phase, controlled-pore glass support in a stepwise manner with an automated DNA synthesizer. The ribonucleotide building blocks used were fully protected 5'-monomethoxytrityl-2'-silyl-3'-N,N-diisopropylaminophosphoram idites. p-Nitro-phenylethyl groups were used to protect the O6 of guanine residues. The fully deprotected tRNA analogue was characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sizing), terminal nucleotide analysis, sequencing, and total enzyme degradation, all of which indicated that the sequence was correct and contained only 3-5 linkages. The 77-mer was then assayed for amino acid acceptor activity by using E. coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase. The results indicated that the synthetic product, lacking modified bases, is a substrate for the enzyme and has an amino acid acceptance 11% of that of the major native species, tRNA(fMet) containing 7-methylguanosine at position 47.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION AND MAGNETIC TRANSPORT PROPERTIES FOR MAGNETIC MULTILAYERS (1999)

We discuss the exchange potential and impurity scattering potential effect on the magnetic transport properties of magnetic multilayers. In the case of Hartree–Fork approximation, the model Hamiltonian with respect to the magnetization and potential contribution is presented. The expression of giant magnetoresistance is obtained by considering both interface and bulk magnetization contribution. The results show that the giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayer is different for different layer thickness. Meanwhile, we also clarify the interface and bulk contribution of the giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayer for different exchange potential and impurity scattering potential.
The Medipix3RX: a high resolution, zero dead-time pixel detector readout chip allowing spectroscopic imaging (2013)

The Medipix3 chips have been designed to permit spectroscopic imaging in highly segmented hybrid pixel detectors. Spectral degradation due to charge sharing in the sensor has been addressed by means of an architecture in which adjacent pixels communicate in the analog and digital domains on an event-by-event basis to reconstruct the deposited charge in a neighbourhood prior to the assignation of the hit to a single pixel. The Medipix3RX chip architecture is presented. The first results for the characterization of the chip with 300 μm thick Si sensors are given. ~ 72e(−) r.m.s. noise and ~ 40e(−) r.m.s. of threshold dispersion after chip equalization have been measured in Single Pixel Mode of operation. The homogeneity of the image in Charge Summing mode is comparable to the Single Pixel Mode image. This demonstrates both modes are suitable for X-ray imaging applications.
Nucleic acid detection kits (2023)

The present invention relates to means for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences, as well as variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention also relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a target sequence and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. The structure-specific nuclease activity of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof. The present invention further relates to methods and devices for the separation of nucleic acid molecules based on charge. The present invention also provides methods for the detection of non-target cleavage products via the formation of a complete and activated protein binding region. The invention further provides sensitive and specific methods for the detection of nucleic acid from various viruses in a sample.
Results of a 400-patient carcinoembryonic antigen second-look colorectal cancer study (1985)

Four hundred patients with resectable colon and rectal cancers were operated on by 37 surgeons at 31 institutions. Patients were monitored with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level determinations and clinical examinations. One hundred thirty patients had recurrences, and 75 were reoperated on, with 43 reoperations CEA-directed and 32 clinically directed. Two of 75 died within 1 month after the second operation. Twenty-two second-look patients remain free of disease 5 years after their second operation. The highest resectability of recurrent cancer occurred in patients with a CEA level below 11 ng/ml in whom the CEA level was determined at intervals of 1 to 2 months.
Thermo-Reversible Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles Derived from Elastin-Mimetic Polypeptides (2000)

Large protein-based micellar aggregates (see Figure) are reversibly formed upon self-assembly of the amphiphilic diblock copolymer—based on elastin-mimetic peptide sequences—biosynthesized here. The biocompatibility, high recombinant protein yields, physiological stability, and tunable responsive properties of these polymers make them attractive candidates for controlled delivery and release applications.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Is Amplified and Overexpressed in Pancreatic Cancer and Activated by Mutant K-Ras (2011)

These results suggest that mutant K-Ras acts in concert with CDK5 and its activators to increase malignant progression, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.
Grain filtering in MILC and its impact on performance of n- and p-channel TFTs (2010)

Metal induced lateral crystallization (MILC) using nickel di-silicide catalyst is able to grow poly-Si films having a preferential crystal orientation along surface normal direction. The poly-Si film prepared by MILC, however, contains randomly distributed sub-grain boundaries which may degrade the performance of poly-Si TFT fabricated using the MILC film. We have investigated effects of patterning of the a-Si film prior to MILC on the growth characteristics and TFT performance. When the width of a-Si film pattern was narrowed, grain filtering effect occurred and, as a result, poly-Si islands whose active region for TFT is mostly composed of single oriented crystal were successfully grown. We characterized the film thus prepared by fabricating n and p-channel TFTs. TFTs were fabricated using the standard high temperature process. The results indicated that TFT performance is very much improved in terms of carrier mobility, on-current, and sub-threshold swing. We conclude that the pre-growth pattering of a-Si in MILC is useful technique to improve the performance of MILC TFTs.
Cell-specific targeting of lentiviral vectors mediated by fusion proteins derived from Sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, or avian sarcoma/leukosis virus (2010)

Our results indicate that the avian sarcoma/leukosis virus bridge strategy provides a reliable approach for cell-specific lentiviral vector targeting. The background levels were lower compared to alternative strategies involving Sindbis virus strain TR339 or vesicular stomatitis virus fusion proteins.
Nucleotide sequence and predicted functions of the entire Sinorhizobium meliloti pSymA megaplasmid (2001)

The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti contains three replicons: pSymA, pSymB, and the chromosome. We report here the complete 1,354,226-nt sequence of pSymA. In addition to a large fraction of the genes known to be specifically involved in symbiosis, pSymA contains genes likely to be involved in nitrogen and carbon metabolism, transport, stress, and resistance responses, and other functions that give S. meliloti an advantage in its specialized niche.
Cryopreservation of single human spermatozoa (1997)

A procedure is described that allows cryopreservation and efficient post-thaw recovery of either a single or a small group of human spermatozoa. This is achieved by injecting them into cell-free human, mouse or hamster zonae pellucidae before the addition of cryoprotectant. The method involves a combination of physical micromanipulation procedures and glycerol-mediated cryoprotection. Zonae were tracked by positioning them in straws between two small air bubbles prior to freezing. Spermatozoa from poor specimens were cryopreserved and their fertilizing ability after thawing was compared with that of fresh spermatozoa from fertile men. Human eggs used for fertilization testing were either 1 day old or in-vitro matured. Only 2% of the frozen zonae were lost and >75% of spermatozoa cryopreserved in this manner were recovered and prepared for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The feasibility of cryopreserving a single spermatozoon was assessed. Fifteen motile spermatozoa were frozen in 15 zonae, of which 14 were recovered after thawing. Ten were injected into spare eggs, of which eight became fertilized. Spermatozoa recovered mechanically from human zonae fertilized the same proportion of oocytes as fresh fertile control spermatozoa. The recovery and fertilization rates with spermatozoa frozen in animal zonae were 87 and 78% respectively. The fertilization rate was marginally higher (P < 0.05) than that for spermatozoa frozen in human zonae, perhaps because the latter may have acrosome reacted more frequently. The zona pellucida appears to be an ideally suited sterile vehicle for storage of single spermatozoa.
Exploring use cases for telepresence robots (2011)

Telepresence robots can be thought of as embodied video conferencing on wheels. Companies producing these robots imagine them being used in a wide variety of situations (e.g., ad-hoc conversations at the office, inspections and troubleshooting at factories, and patient rounds at medical facilities). In July and August 2010, we examined office-related use cases in a series of studies using two prototype robots (Anybots' QB and VGo Communications' VGo). In this paper, we present two studies: conference room meetings (n=6) and moving hallway conversations (n=24). We discuss who might benefit from using telepresence robots, in what scenarios, and the features that telepresence robots must incorporate for use in ad-hoc interactions.
Rosiglitazone monotherapy improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a twelve‐week, randomized, placebo‐controlled study (1999)

Twelve weeks of treatment with rosiglitazone 2.0 mg b.i.d. significantly decreases fasting plasma glucose, fructosamine, plasma insulin, and free fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetes. Longer studies using higher doses will be needed to assess the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Promiscuous malaria peptide epitope stimulates CD45Ra T cells from peripheral blood of nonexposed donors (1992)

PBL from individuals with no history of malaria exposure, as well as cord blood lymphocytes, were tested for proliferation to T cell epitopes from the malaria circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Cells from many individuals proliferated in response to these peptides, but for two peptides (P. vivax317-336 and P. falciparum CS331-350) the response rate ranged from 64 to 93%, with the specific stimulation indices reaching as high as 38. The phenotype of the cells responding to PfCS331-350 was predominantly CD4+,CD8-,CD45Ra+,CD45Ro-, which was the inverse of the phenotype of the cells responding to tetanus toxoid with respect to CD45 isoforms. T cell clones from different individuals specific for PfCS331-350 were restricted by at least four different HLA-DR molecules and there was no evidence that the peptide was a "superantigen." Overlapping peptides were used to demonstrate that clones had different fine specificities although the peptide specificities of the DR4-restricted and DR11-restricted clones were similar. Although the individuals tested here have had no history of malaria exposure, these data demonstrate that they have T cells specific for malaria sequences present in high frequency that proliferate as intensely as some memory responses. Although one clone from an individual with a history of BCG vaccination did react strongly with PPD, the phenotype of these cells suggests that they are not classical memory cells for a cross-reactive recall Ag. Such cells may affect the induction or expression of malaria immunity.
Sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression by a novel antisense oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate directed against a nonregulatory region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome (1995)

Previous studies have demonstrated that oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioates complementary to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA are more nuclease resistant and are effective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication than their unmodified counterpart. In this study, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide sequences were evaluated for therapeutic potential in the treatment of HIV infections. The use of HIV-infected lymphocytes to test the efficacy of a drug is very complex, and therefore it is difficult to draw conclusions about the mechanism. We used a COS-like Monkey kidney cell line (CMT3) stably transfected with plasmids pCMVgagpol-rre-r (containing gag and pol genes) and pCMVrev (containing the rev gene of HIV-1), derived from cDNA clone BH10, as a model. A biologically active provirus that transcribes and translates their nucleotide sequences into viral proteins p24, p39/41, p55, and p160 was generated. Sequence-specific and dose-dependent inhibition of HIV-1 viral protein synthesis and significant inhibition at the mRNA level were demonstrated by antisense construct GPI2A, directed against a nonregulatory region of the HIV-1 genome. Also, our studies demonstrated enhancement of the antisense effect through encapsulation in a cationic lipid preparation. The observed attenuation of HIV-1 mRNA levels suggests that, at least in part, the mechanism of action of GPI2A was at the transcript level. Further studies have also shown antiviral activity of this construct as determined by the reverse transcriptase assay using acutely and chronically infected cells of lymphoid origin (H9 cells). Toxicological studies involving cell growth characteristics, colony-forming ability, effects on cellular proteins, specific activities of labeled proteins, and DNA synthesis in cell culture showed no cytotoxic effects of GPI2A.
Molecular Properties of Lysostaphin, a Bacteriolytic Agent Specific for Staphylococcus aureus (1970)

Abstract Lysostaphin is a zinc-metalloenzyme which has a molecular weight of 25,000 when determined by sedimentation equilibrium in dilute aqueous salt solutions. Combination of the sedimentation coefficient, s20,w = 2.32, and diffusion coefficient, D20,w = 7.83, gave a native molecular weight of 25,800. Sedimentation equilibrium of the protein in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride, with and without 2-mercaptoethanol, gave molecular weights of 25,800 and 27,800, respectively. The molecular weight of the fully dissociated protein was also determined to be 24,500 by the technique of gel filtration in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride and 25,500 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. In each case, only a single protein species was shown to be present. These data indicate that the lysostaphin molecule is a single polypeptide chain. The frictional coefficient ratio for lysostaphin of 1.39 is higher than values obtained for most globular proteins. The optical rotatory dispersion spectrum was also different from that invariably observed with globular proteins and revealed no evidence of helical structure in the molecule. The amino acid composition of lysostaphin was unusual in that half-cystine was found to be absent.
A new era for hemophilia B treatment (2016)

In this issue of Blood, Santagostino et al, in their phase 3 study, demonstrate efficacy and safety of recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation factor IX (FIX) with albumin (rIX-FP) which, along with the other 2 extended half-life FIX products, heralds a new era for the treatment of hemophilia B.
ICE-LAP6, a Novel Member of the ICE/Ced-3 Gene Family, Is Activated by the Cytotoxic T Cell Protease Granzyme B (1996)

Members of the ICE/Ced-3 gene family are likely effector components of the cell death machinery. Here, we characterize a novel member of this family designated ICE-LAP6. By phylogenetic analysis, ICE-LAP6 is classified into the Ced-3 subfamily which includes Ced-3, Yama/CPP32/apopain, Mch2, and ICE-LAP3/Mch3/CMH-1. Interestingly, ICE-LAP6 contains an active site QACGG pentapeptide, rather than the QACRG pentapeptide shared by other family members. Overexpression of ICE-LAP6 induces apoptosis in MCF7 breast carcinoma cells. More importantly, ICE-LAP6 is proteolytically processed into an active cysteine protease by granzyme B, an important component of cytotoxic T cell-mediated apoptosis. Once activated, ICE-LAP6 is able to cleave the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase into signature apoptotic fragments.
Vacancy-Gettering in Silicon: Cavities and Helium-Implantation (1999)

Cavities in single crystalline silicon are shown to act as gettering centers for the vacancies produced during an ion implantation process: the effect of the gettering is observed as an increase of their total volume. Helium implantation at 20 keV with a dose of 2 x 10(16) cm(-2) plus a heat treatment at 850 degrees C for 3 hours produces the cavities; vacancies are supplied by a subsequent 0.8 x 10(16) cm(-2) helium implant. In this case the vacancy-gettering efficiency, i.e. average increase of vacancies involved in stable voids per helium ion, is found to be 0.53 vacancies ion(-1); about 4 times more compared to the case when the same 0.8 x 10(16) cm(-2) implant is performed on a virgin crystal. A further effect is the peculiar helium behavior which acts as a stabilizer of the vacancies produced during the implantation. The differential vacancy-gettering efficiency is found to increase with the helium dose: about 0.13 vacancies ion(-1) at 0.8 x 10(16) cm(-2), 0.4 vacancies ion(-1) at 2 x 10(16) cm(-2), and 3.8 vacancies ion(-1) at 2.8 x 10(16) cm(-2) .
A 52-Week Trial Comparing Briakinumab with Methotrexate in Patients with Psoriasis (2011)

Briakinumab showed higher efficacy than methotrexate in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Serious infections and cancers occurred more frequently with briakinumab, but the differences were not significant. (Funded by Abbott Laboratories; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00679731.).
Securing L2TP using IPsec (2001)

community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel liver-specific transport protein (1994)

Monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize a membrane component located on the sinusoidal domain of the hepatocyte have been used to screen a rat liver cDNA expression library and a clone encoding a novel transporter (NLT) protein has been identified. Analysis of the deduced 535 amino acid protein sequence indicates that it is unique, but shares the twelve-transmembrane domain hydrophathicity profile as well as the presence of transporter-specific amino acid motifs with bacterial and mammalian transporters. Since overall homology of NLT to known transporter genes is low (20-25% identity) it may represent a new subgroup within the transporter family of proteins. The NLT was characterized further with respect to its tissue distribution and its expression during liver development. A 2.1 kb transcript has been found in liver and at lower levels in kidney, but not in several other tissues tested. Studies on the developing liver indicate that NLT transcripts are present at a very low level from 19 through 21 gestation days with a 4- to 5-fold increase within two weeks after birth. Overall, we have cloned a novel transporter that is preferentially expressed in liver, is located on the sinusoidal domain of the plasma membrane and represents a marker for the late stage of liver development.
Theory of interlayer magnetic coupling (1995)

A theory of interlayer exchange coupling is presented. A detailed and comprehensive discussion of the various aspects of the problem is given. The interlayer exchange coupling is described in terms of quantum interferences due to confinement in ultrathin layers. This approach provides both a physically transparent picture of the coupling mechanism, and a suitable scheme for discussing the case of a realistic system. This is illustrated for the Co/Cu/Co(001) system. The cases of metallic and insulating spacers are treated in a unified manner by introducing the concept of the complex Fermi surface.
Web-based telephony bridges for the deaf (2001)

A Teldem provides text-based telephony services to the deaf. Despite an array of text-based communications mechanisms on the web, the Teldem is the only means of synchronous telecommunication available to a deaf person. We examine a human-assisted relay that provides a bridge between the deaf and the hearing, and then propose several additional bridges. These bridges take advantage of both standard and cutting edge technologies. We present each bridge&amp;apos;s impact on the deaf with respect to synchrony, connectivity, independence, and the Digital Divide. It is hoped that by deploying trials for each bridge, we can eventually provide the deaf with equal access. 1