gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ontogeny and regulation of luteinizing hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid within the ovine corpus luteum (1996)

Although LH regulates corpus luteum (CL) function and LH receptor (LHR) binding has been characterized within ovine CL, changes in LHR mRNA expression have not been documented. The objectives here have been to assess relative amounts of LHR mRNA in ovine CL throughout the estrous cycle and during luteolysis by ribonuclease protection analysis. In experiment 1, LHR mRNA was quantified within CL collected on Days 3, 7, 10, 13, and 16 post-estrus (n = 3, 4, 4, 3, and 4, respectively). LHR mRNA differed throughout the luteal phase (p < 0.01), with higher concentrations found during the midluteal phase (Days 10 and 13) than during the early (Day 3) or late (Day 16) luteal phase (p < or = 0.05). In experiment 2, LHR mRNA content was determined within pools of Day 10 small (n = 4) or large (n = 4) luteal cells. Relative amounts of LHR mRNA were not different (p = 0.1) in small (2.23 +/- 0.22 relative units) vs. large (1.62 +/- 0.22 relative units) luteal cells. In experiment 3, CL were collected at 0, 6, 12, or 24 h after injection of 15 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha) on Day 10 post-estrus (n = 4, 4, 3, and 4, respectively). LHR mRNA content fell during PGF2 alpha-induced luteolysis (p < 0.002), decreasing significantly by 6 h (1.76 vs. 1.10 relative units; p < or = 0.05). By 24 h, levels were approximately 60% of those detected within 0-h controls (1.76 vs. 0.79 relative units; p < 0.05). These results indicate that changes in LHR mRNA during the luteal phase correlates well with previously reported changes in LHR binding. After PGF2 alpha administration, LHR mRNA falls earlier than the reported drop in LHR binding sites occurs.
Visualization of Highly Ordered Striated Domains Induced by Transmembrane Peptides in Supported Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers (2000)

We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the lateral organization of transmembrane TmAW(2)(LA)(n)W(2)Etn peptides (WALP peptides) incorporated in phospholipid bilayers. These well-studied model peptides consist of a hydrophobic alanine-leucine stretch of variable length, flanked on each side by two tryptophans. They were incorporated in saturated phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles, which were deposited on a solid substrate via the vesicle fusion method, yielding hydrated gel-state supported bilayers. At low concentrations (1 mol %) WALP peptides induced primarily line-type depressions in the bilayer. In addition, striated lateral domains were observed, which increased in amount and size (from 25 nm up to 10 microm) upon increasing peptide concentration. At high peptide concentration (10 mol %), the bilayer consisted mainly of striated domains. The striated domains consist of line-type depressions and elevations with a repeat distance of 8 nm, which form an extremely ordered, predominantly hexagonal pattern. Overall, this pattern was independent of the length of the peptides (19-27 amino acids) and the length of the lipid acyl chains (16-18 carbon atoms). The striated domains could be pushed down reversibly by the AFM tip and are thermodynamically stable. This is the first direct visualization of alpha-helical transmembrane peptide-lipid domains in a bilayer. We propose that these striated domains consist of arrays of WALP peptides and fluidlike PC molecules, which appear as low lines. The presence of the peptides perturbs the bilayer organization, resulting in a decrease in the tilt of the lipids between the peptide arrays. These lipids therefore appear as high lines.
Thermal transport and grain boundary conductance in ultrananocrystalline diamond thin films (2006)

Although diamond has the highest known room temperature thermal conductivity, k∼2200W∕mK, highly sp3 amorphous carbon films have k&amp;lt;15W∕mK. We carry out an integrated experimental and simulation study of thermal transport in ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films. The experiments show that UNCD films with a grain size of 3–5nm have thermal conductivities as high as k=12W∕mK at room temperature, comparable with that of the most conductive amorphous diamond films. This value corresponds to a grain boundary (Kapitza) conductance greater than 3000MW∕m2K, which is ten times larger than that previously seen in any material. Our simulations of both UNCD and individual diamond grain boundaries yield values for the grain boundary conductance consistent with the experimentally obtained value, leading us to conclude that thermal transport in UNCD is controlled by the intrinsic properties of the grain boundaries.
Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Upregulates hELG1/ ATAD5 Expression through E2F1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

The precise mechanism by which HBx protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) impacts on hepato-carcinogenesis remain largely elusive despite strong evidences for its' involvement in the process. Here, we have investigated the role of HBx on expression of a novel gene hELG1/ATAD5, which is required for genome maintenance and its' importance in hepatocarcinogenesis. This study has for the first time showed that the expression of this gene was significantly higher in human cancer such as HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in different HCC cell lines compared to normal liver. In addition, a significant elevation in ATAD5 expression was also found in HBx transfected HCC cell lines implicating HBx mediated transcriptional regulation on ATAD5. Using different deletion mutant constructs of putative promoter, the active promoter region was first identified here and subsequently the regulatory region of HBx was mapped by promoter-luciferase assay. But ChIP assay with anti-HBx antibody revealed that HBx was not physically present in ATAD5 transcription machinery whereas anti-E2F1 antibody showed the presence of E2F1 in the complex. Luciferase assay with E2F1 binding site mutant had further confirmed it. Moreover, both loss-and gain-of-function studies of ATAD5 showed that ATAD5 could enhance HBV production in transfected cells whereas knock down of ATAD5 increased the sensitivity of HCC cell line to chemotherapeutics 5-fluorouracil. Overall, this data suggests that a positive feedback loop regulation between ATAD5 and HBV contributed to both viral replication and chemo-resistance of HCC cells.
GENETIC LINKAGE BETWEEN THE AH LOCUS AND A MAJOR GENE THAT INHIBITS SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AUDIOGENIC SEIZURES IN MICE (1981)

Mice of the DBA/2 (D2) strain are highly susceptible to sound-induced seizures at 21 days of age; whereas, mice of the C57BL/6 (B6) strain are resistant to these seizures. Although the difference in susceptibility to audiogenic seizures (ASs) between these two strains is inherited as a multiple-factor trait, an association was observed between susceptibility to ASs and the Ah locus. The Ah locus controls the inducibility of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity by a number of aromatic hydrocarbons. B6 mice carry the Ahb allele and have inducible AHH activity; whereas, D2 mice carry the Ahd allele and have noninducible activity. Inducibility is inherited as a Mendelian dominant trait in crosses between these strains. Mice carrying the Ahb allele are generally less susceptible to ASs sat 21 days of age than are mice carrying the Ahd allele. The combined results from B6 X D2 recombinant inbred strains, congenic strains (where the Ahb allele was placed into the D2 genome and the Ahd allele placed into the B6 genome), the B6D2F1 X D2 backcross generation, and a random survey of various inbred strains, suggest that the association between these two traits is due to genetic linkage, rather than to pleiotrophy or to chance. A major gene that inhibits susceptibility to ASs appears to be closely linked to the Ah locus. This gene has been designated Ias, for inhibition of ASs. A large portion of the genetic variability of AS susceptibility may be due to the segregation of Ias.
Inhibition of mast cell Fc epsilon R1-mediated signaling and effector function by the Syk-selective inhibitor, piceatannol. (1994)

In RBL-2H3 rat tumor mast cells, antigens that cross-link the high affinity cell surface IgE receptor, Fc epsilon R1, activate at least two receptor-associated protein-tyrosine kinases, Lyn and Syk, and cause the tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor beta and gamma subunits, PLC gamma 1, Vav, and other proteins. Cross-linking antigens also induce increased phosphatidylinositol turnover, Ca2+ mobilization, secretion, actin polymerization, spreading, and membrane ruffling. We have used the protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, piceatannol (3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene), to explore the coupling of specific kinases to cellular responses. Piceatannol preferentially inhibits the activity of Syk as compared with Lyn when added to in vitro assays with isolated enzymes. Treatment of RBL-2H3 cells with piceatannol strongly inhibits the antigen-stimulated activation of Syk measured in anti-Syk and anti-phosphotyrosine immune complex kinase assays at concentrations that have no effect on receptor subunit phosphorylation and maintain or increase the activity of Lyn in anti-phosphotyrosine immune complex kinase assays. In cells metabolically labeled with [32P]orthophosphate, piceatannol inhibits the antigen-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk and most other proteins. However, receptor subunit phosphorylation is unchanged. Selective inhibition of Syk in this manner blocks receptor-mediated down-stream cellular responses (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production, secretion, ruffling, and spreading) while having only minor effects when these responses are induced with drugs that bypass the receptor complex. These results reveal receptor-mediated Lyn activation as a relatively piceatannol-insensitive event that may contribute to receptor subunit phosphorylation and Syk activation but does not per se elicit cellular responses. Receptor-mediated Syk activation on the other hand is highly sensitive to piceatannol, is essential to Fc epsilon R1-mediated cellular responses, and, based on the increased phosphorylation of Lyn in piceatannol-treated cells, may be involved in terminating Lyn activity.
A survey on the evolution of stream processing systems (2023)

Abstract Stream processing has been an active research field for more than 20 years, but it is now witnessing its prime time due to recent successful efforts by the research community and numerous worldwide open-source communities. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of fundamental aspects of stream processing systems and their evolution in the functional areas of out-of-order data management, state management, fault tolerance, high availability, load management, elasticity, and reconfiguration. We review noteworthy past research findings, outline the similarities and differences between the first (’00–’10) and second (’11–’23) generation of stream processing systems, and discuss future trends and open problems.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Radicicol and Geldanamycin Chimera, Radamide (2004)

A chimera composed of the natural products radicicol and geldanamycin has been prepared through an amide linkage connecting the resorcinol moiety of radicicol to the quinone ring of geldanamycin. The inhibitory activity of these compounds was determined by their ability to inhibit Hsp90's inherent ATPase activity along with degradation of the Hsp90 client protein, HER-2 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. [reaction: see text]
Injectable Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Using a Fibrin Glue Polymer (1999)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using a fibrin glue polymer to produce injectable tissue-engineered cartilage and to determine the optimal fibrinogen and chondrocyte concentrations required to produce solid, homogeneous cartilage. The most favorable fibrinogen concentration was determined by measuring the rate of degradation of fibrin glue using varying concentrations of purified porcine fibrinogen. The fibrinogen was mixed with thrombin (50 U/cc in 40 mM calcium chloride) to produce fibrin glue. Swine chondrocytes were then suspended in the fibrinogen before the addition of thrombin. The chondrocyte/polymer constructs were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice using chondrocyte concentrations of 10, 25, and 40 million chondrocytes/cc of polymer (0.4-cc injections). At 6 and 12 weeks, the neocartilage was harvested and analyzed by histology, mass, glycosaminoglycan content, DNA content, and collagen type II content. Control groups consisted of nude mice injected with fibrin glue alone (without chondrocytes) and a separate group injected with chondrocytes suspended in saline only (40 million cells/cc in saline; 0.4-cc injections). The fibrinogen concentration with the most favorable rate of degradation was 80 mg/cc. Histologic analysis of the neocartilage showed solid, homogeneous cartilage when using 40 million chondrocytes/cc, both at 6 and 12 weeks. The 10 and 25 million chondrocytes/cc samples showed areas of cartilage separated by areas of remnant fibrin glue. The mass of the samples ranged from 0.07 to 0.12 g at 6 weeks and decreased only slightly by week 12. The glycosaminoglycan content ranged from 2.3 to 9.4 percent for all samples; normal cartilage controls had a content of 7.0 percent. DNA content ranged from 0.63 to 1.4 percent for all samples, with normal pig cartilage having a mean DNA content of 0.285 percent. The samples of fibrin glue alone produced no cartilage, and the chondrocytes alone produced neocartilage samples with a significantly smaller mass (0.47 g at 6 weeks and 0.46 g at 12 weeks) when compared with all samples produced from chondrocytes suspended in fibrin glue (p < 0.03). Gel electrophoreses demonstrated the presence of type II collagen in all sample groups. This study demonstrates that fibrin glue is a suitable polymer for the formation of injectable tissue-engineered cartilage in the nude mouse model. Forty million chondrocytes per cc yielded the best quality cartilage at 6 and 12 weeks when analyzed by histology and content of DNA, glycosaminoglycan, and type II collagen.
Studies of acoustical and shock waves in the pulsed laser ablation of biotissue (1993)

Quantitative studies are conducted into the absolute pressure values of the acoustical and shock waves generated and propagating in a biotissue under pulsed (tau p = 50 ns) UV (lambda = 308 nm) laser irradiation (below and above the ablation threshold). Powerful (several hundreds of bars in pressure) high-frequency (f approximately 10(7) Hz) acoustic compression and rarefaction pulses are found to be generated in the biotissue. The amplitudes and profiles of the acoustic pulses developing in atherosclerotic human aorta tissues and an aqueous CuCl2 solution under laser irradiation are investigated as a function of the laser pulse energy fluence. The results obtained point to the absence of the cold spallation of the objects of study by rarefaction waves. Based on experimental data, the rise rates, pressure gradients, and propagation velocities of shock waves in the biotissue are calculated. The experimental data are found to agree well with the theoretical estimates.
Thrombolytic therapy for treatment of acute peripheral arterial occlusion. (1992)

Thrombolytic therapy is becoming a more widely utilized treatment modality for treatment of acute peripheral arterial occlusions. Nurses, therefore, need to be knowledgeable of the patient care management issues that surround thrombolytic therapy. This article, through a case study approach, defines the mechanism of action of thrombolytic agents, side effects, and key patient management issues. Nursing interventions focus on potential for fluid volume deficit related to alteration in hemostasis mechanisms/clot dissolution and potential alteration in tissue perfusion, peripheral/cerebral, related to thrombosis/embolus/clot dissolution.
REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AND LITTER SIZE IN MICE: EFFECT OF AGE AND ENVIRONMENT (1963)

Summary. Various factors concerned in the regulation of litter size and total reproductive output in mice have been investigated. Length of daylight did not significantly affect litter size. The decline of litter size as the animals aged was associated with a high level of embryonic loss after implantation. Ligature of the Fallopian tube on one side or unilateral ovariectomy caused total reproductive output to be about halved. In the latter case, initial litter size was about three-quarters of control but decline of litter size started earlier and reproductive life-span was shorter, whereas in the former case, litter size was approximately half control level throughout but reproductive life-span was approximately equal to that of the controls. Reproductive performance of mothers that had been kept virgin or continuously pseudopregnant for the first 9 months and then paired with fertile males did not differ significantly from the performance over an equivalent period of mothers bred continuously from puberty. The cause of the decline of reproductive capacity with age is discussed. It is suggested that it is due to the declining ability of the uterus to maintain pregnancy, associated primarily with chronological ageing.
Exploitation of Subtilisin BPN‘ as Catalyst for the Synthesis of Peptides Containing Noncoded Amino Acids, Peptide Mimetics and Peptide Conjugates (1997)

The ability of the serine protease subtilisin BPN‘ to catalyze peptide bond formation between fragments containing noncoded amino acids, peptide mimetics, and peptide conjugates in a kinetic approach was explored. It was found that the enzyme accepts numerous of these types of compounds both as acyl donor and acyl acceptor. The results together with specificity studies reported by others provide an active site model as a guideline in the design of enzymatic synthesis of biologically important compounds.
Purification and properties of Bacteroides heparinolyticus heparinase (heparin lyase, EC 4.2.2.7) (1988)

Heparinase (heparin lyase, EC 4.2.2.7) was isolated from the cell extract of an oral bacterium, Bacteroides heparinolyticus. It was a basic protein with an isoelectric point of 9.5. Its molecular weight was 63,000. The enzyme was the most active against heparin among the tested mucopolysaccharides. Catalytic properties may be similar to those of heparinase of Flavobacterium heparinum, since the enzymatic degradation products obtained by using the two enzymes were the same on the basis of paper chromatography.
Ganglioside Structure Dictates Signal Transduction by Cholera Toxin and Association with Caveolae-like Membrane Domains in Polarized Epithelia (1998)

In polarized cells, signal transduction by cholera toxin (CT) requires apical endocytosis and retrograde transport into Golgi cisternae and perhaps ER (Lencer, W.I., C. Constable, S. Moe, M. Jobling, H.M. Webb, S. Ruston, J.L. Madara, T. Hirst, and R. Holmes. 1995. J. Cell Biol. 131:951-962). In this study, we tested whether CT's apical membrane receptor ganglioside GM1 acts specifically in toxin action. To do so, we used CT and the related Escherichia coli heat-labile type II enterotoxin LTIIb. CT and LTIIb distinguish between gangliosides GM1 and GD1a at the cell surface by virtue of their dissimilar receptor-binding B subunits. The enzymatically active A subunits, however, are homologous. While both toxins bound specifically to human intestinal T84 cells (Kd approximately 5 nM), only CT elicited a cAMP-dependent Cl- secretory response. LTIIb, however, was more potent than CT in eliciting a cAMP-dependent response from mouse Y1 adrenal cells (toxic dose 10 vs. 300 pg/well). In T84 cells, CT fractionated with caveolae-like detergent-insoluble membranes, but LTIIb did not. To investigate further the relationship between the specificity of ganglioside binding and partitioning into detergent-insoluble membranes and signal transduction, CT and LTIIb chimeric toxins were prepared. Analysis of these chimeric toxins confirmed that toxin-induced signal transduction depended critically on the specificity of ganglioside structure. The mechanism(s) by which ganglioside GM1 functions in signal transduction likely depends on coupling CT with caveolae or caveolae-related membrane domains.
Extensible security architectures for Java (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Extensible security architectures for Java Authors: Dan S. Wallach Department of Computer Science, Princeton University Department of Computer Science, Princeton UniversityView Profile , Dirk Balfanz Department of Computer Science, Princeton University Department of Computer Science, Princeton UniversityView Profile , Drew Dean Department of Computer Science, Princeton University Department of Computer Science, Princeton UniversityView Profile , Edward W. Felten Department of Computer Science, Princeton University Department of Computer Science, Princeton UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims SOSP '97: Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principlesOctober 1997 Pages 116–128https://doi.org/10.1145/268998.266668Published:01 October 1997Publication History 143citation1,710DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations143Total Downloads1,710Last 12 Months50Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
High-order modes suppression in large mode area active fibers by controlling the radial distribution of the rare earth dopant (2006)

Many high power fiber laser applications require doped fibers having large mode area but still working in the single mode regime. The most common techniques to keep a large mode area fiber in the single mode regime are to reduce the core numerical aperture, to strip the high order modes by coiling the fiber, to launch only a single transverse mode, or to use photonic crystal fibers. All these methods have limits and disadvantages. In this paper we demonstrate by simulation the effectiveness of another method to suppress the high order modes in large mode area active fibers by optimizing the rare earth dopant concentration across the core while keeping the step index structure of the core of the fiber. This method was not previously employed because the traditional doped fiber manufacturing technologies do not have the required capability to radially control the dopant concentration. However, Direct Nanoparticle Deposition (DND) can be used to manufacture large mode area fibers having any radial distribution of active element concentration and any refractive index profile. Thus, DND fibers can be designed to benefit from this high order mode suppression technique. The simulation results presented in this paper have been obtained using Liekki Application Designer v3.1, a software simulator for fiber lasers and amplifiers.