gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
L’interculturalité (2015)

Résumé Les flux migratoires consécutifs à la décolonisation, aux impératifs économiques et à la mondialisation généralisée des phénomènes sociaux transforment en profondeur les sociétés modernes sur les plans démographique et culturel. Les problèmes soulevés par la rencontre, la coexistence, les échanges ou les affrontements entre cultures deviennent primordiaux ; la difficulté est de les penser dans la multiplicité complexe de leurs différents registres et processus. L’article présente et analyse en quoi les concepts et les problématiques (altérité, différence, déconstruction des identités, multiplicité) forgés dans les dernières décennies par la philosophie, française en particulier (Deleuze, Derrida, Ricœur, Lévinas), peuvent contribuer à l’effort de clarification et de compréhension de ce que peut être un vivre ensemble interculturel.
Probing of the Retinal Binding Site of Bacteriorhodopsin by Affinity Labeling (1994)

The position of the chromophore within bacteriorhodopsin has been identified by cross-linking a cysteine group, introduced by site-specific mutagenesis, with a chromophore suitably derivatized with an active leaving group. Since bacteriorhodopsin has no cysteines, a site-specific cysteine mutant will contain only one free sulfhydryl group capable of reacting with the retinal analog. Met118, Thr121, and Ser141 were selected to be mutated to cysteine. No pigment absorbing in the visible region was obtained for the Ser141Cys mutant. The Met118Cys and Thr121Cys mutants have similar absorption maxima, proton pumping efficiencies and photocycles to those of the wild-type pigment. 4-Bromoretinal, in which the reactive allylic halide readily undergoes nucleophilic displacement, was used as the reactive chromophore. Pigments were obtained on reaction of all-trans-4-bromoretinal with the apoproteins of Met118Cys, Thr121Cys, and wild-type bacteriorhodopsin (lambda max = 464-470 nm). Analysis of the denatured pigments on SDS-polyacrylamide gels showed incorporation of tritiated chromophore into the Met118Cys mutant but not into the wild-type or Th4121Cys pigments. Met118Cys apoprotein which was preincubated with the cysteine-specific reagent N-ethylmaleimide formed a pigment with 4-bromoretinal but no cross-linking was observed, providing evidence that the cross-linking of the chromophore is to the cysteine at 118. We conclude that Met118 is positioned in the chromophore binding pocket, proximal to the C-4 position of cyclohexyl ring of retinal.
A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style (2016)

In fine art, especially painting, humans have mastered the skill to create unique visual experiences by composing a complex interplay between the content and style of an image. The algorithmic basis of this process is unknown and there exists no artificial system with similar capabilities. Recently, a class of biologically inspired vision models called Deep Neural Networks have demonstrated near-human performance in complex visual tasks such as object and face recognition. Here we introduce an artificial system based on a Deep Neural Network that creates artistic images of high perceptual quality. The system can separate and recombine the content and style of arbitrary images, providing a neural algorithm for the creation of artistic images. In light of recent studies using fMRI and electrophysiology that have shown striking similarities between performance-optimised artificial neural networks and biological vision, our work offers a path towards an algorithmic understanding of how humans create and perceive artistic imagery. The algorithm introduces a novel class of stimuli that could be used to test specific computational hypotheses about the perceptual processing of artistic style. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2016
Development of Microencapsulation Delivery System for Long-Term Preservation of Probiotics as Biotherapeutics Agent (2013)

The administration of probiotic bacteria for health benefit has rapidly expanded in recent years, with a global market worth $32.6 billion predicted by 2014. The oral administration of most of the probiotics results in the lack of ability to survive in a high proportion of the harsh conditions of acidity and bile concentration commonly encountered in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Providing probiotic living cells with a physical barrier against adverse environmental conditions is therefore an approach currently receiving considerable interest. Probiotic encapsulation technology has the potential to protect microorganisms and to deliver them into the gut. However, there are still many challenges to overcome with respect to the microencapsulation process and the conditions prevailing in the gut. This review focuses mainly on the methodological approach of probiotic encapsulation including biomaterials selection and choice of appropriate technology in detailed manner.
Peptide Designed to Elicit Apoptosis in Adipose Tissue Endothelium Reduces Food Intake and Body Weight (2010)

These experiments provide compelling evidence for a previously unknown relationship between the status of adipose tissue vasculature and the regulation of food intake.
Association of the Multisubstrate Docking Protein Gab1 with the Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor Requires a Functional Grb2 Binding Site Involving Tyrosine 1356 (1997)

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is a multifunctional factor that induces mitogenesis, motility, invasion, and branching tubulogenesis of several epithelial and endothelial cell lines in culture. The receptor for hepatocyte growth factor has been identified as the Met-tyrosine kinase. Upon stimulation with hepatocyte growth factor, the Met beta subunit becomes highly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues, one of which, tyrosine 1356 within the carboxyl terminus, is crucial for dissociation, motility, and branching tubule formation in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells. Tyrosine 1356 forms a multisubstrate binding site for the Grb2 and Shc adaptor proteins, the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase, phospholipase Cgamma, and a phosphatase, SHP2. To investigate additional signaling molecules that are activated by the Met receptor, we have identified hepatocyte growth factor-induced phosphoproteins in tubular epithelial cells. We have established that proteins of 100-130 kDa are highly phosphorylated following stimulation of epithelial cells and that one of these is the Grb2-associated binding protein Gab1, a possible insulin receptor substrate-1-like signal transducer. We show that Gab1 is the major substrate for the Met kinase in vitro and in vivo. Association of Gab1 with Met requires a functional Grb2 binding site involving tyrosine 1356 and to a lesser extent tyrosine 1349. Met receptor mutants that fail to induce branching tubulogenesis are impaired in their ability to interact with Gab1, suggesting that Gab1 may play a role in these processes.
A General Compression Approach to Multi-Channel Three-Dimensional Audio (2013)

This paper presents a technique for low bit rate compression of three-dimensional (3D) audio produced by multiple loudspeaker channels. The approach is based on the time-frequency analysis of the localization of spatial sound sources within the 3D space as rendered by a multi-channel audio signal (in this case 16 channels). This analysis results in the derivation of a stereo downmix signal representing the original 16 channels. Alternatively, a mono-downmix signal with side information representing the location of sound sources within the 3D spatial scene can also be derived. The resulting downmix signals are then compressed with a traditional audio coder, resulting in a representation of the 3D soundfield at bit rates comparable with existing stereo audio coders while maintaining the perceptual quality produced from separate encoding of each channel.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Optimal timing for the administration of intranasal dexmedetomidine for premedication in children (2010)

Previous studies have shown that 1 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine produces significant sedation in children aged between 2 and 12 years. This investigation was designed to evaluate the onset time. One hundred children aged 1-12 years of ASA physical status 1-2 undergoing elective surgery were randomly allocated to five groups. Patients in groups A to D received intranasal dexmedetomidine 1 μg.kg(-1) . Patients in Group E received intranasal placebo (0.9% saline). Children from groups A, B, C, D and E had intravenous cannulation attempted at 30, 45, 60, 75 and 45 min respectively after intranasal drug or placebo administration. Vital signs, behaviour and sedation status of the children were assessed regularly until induction of anaesthesia. More children from groups A to D achieved satisfactory sedation at the time of cannulation when compared to group E (p < 0.001). The proportion of children who achieved satisfactory sedation was not significantly different among groups A to D. Overall 62% of the children who received intranasal dexmedetomidine had satisfactory sedation at the time of cannulation. The median (95% CI) time for onset of sedation was 25 (25-30) min. The median (95% CI) duration of sedation was 85 (55-100) min.
Hierarchical System for Content-based Audio Classification and Retrieval (1998)

A hierarchical system for audio classification and retrieval based on audio content analysis is presented in this paper. The system consists of three stages. The audio recordings are first classified and segmented into speech, music, several types of environmental sounds, and silence, based on morphological and statistical analysis of temporal curves of the energy function, the average zero-crossing rate, and the fundamental frequency of audio signals. The first stage is called the coarse-level audio classification and segmentation. Then, environmental sounds are classified into finer classes such as applause, rain, birds&amp;apos; sound, etc., which is called the fine-level audio classification. The second stage is based on time-frequency analysis of audio signals and the use of the hidden Markov model (HMM) for classification. In the third stage, the query-by-example audio retrieval is implemented where similar sounds can be found according to the input sample audio. The way of modeling audio...
Real-time intraoperative 4D full-range FD-OCT based on the dual graphics processing units architecture for microsurgery guidance (2011)

Real-time 4D full-range complex-conjugate-free Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) is implemented using a dual graphics processing units (dual-GPUs) architecture. One GPU is dedicated to the FD-OCT data processing while the second one is used for the volume rendering and display. GPU accelerated non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NUFFT) is also implemented to suppress the side lobes of the point spread function to improve the image quality. Using a 128,000 A-scan/second OCT spectrometer, we obtained 5 volumes/second real-time full-range 3D OCT imaging. A complete micro-manipulation of a phantom using a microsurgical tool is monitored by multiple volume renderings of the same 3D date set with different view angles. Compared to the conventional surgical microscope, this technology would provide the surgeons a more comprehensive spatial view of the microsurgical site and could serve as an effective intraoperative guidance tool.
Blue light generation by frequency doubling in periodically poled lithium niobate channel waveguide (1989)

Blue light at 410 nm was generated by continuous-wave frequency-doubling in a periodically poled lithium niobate channel waveguide at room temperature. Quasiphasematching allowed generation of the blue light using the d33nonlinear coefficient
Advanced animation and rendering techniques (1992)

This book is an exposition of state-of-the-art techniques in rendering and animation. It provides a unique synthesis of techniques and theory. Four sections describe: Basics, Theoretical Foundations, Advanced Rendering Techniques, and Advanced Animation Techniques. Each technique is illustrated with a series of full color frames showing the development of the example. Many code examples and some complete implementations are given in C for interesting and advanced algorithms such as soft shadows and marching cubes.
Potential contribution of MDI to understanding large-scale structures in the corona (1995)

In relation to the understanding of the structure and dynamics of the solar atmosphere which requires realistic coronal magnetic field models, a horizontal current-current sheet (HCCS) coronal model was developed. The model includes large-scale, low altitude, horizontal currents and the effect of thin current sheets in the streamer belt of the field above cusp-type neutral points. The effect of the streamer current sheet on the field below the cusp points is accounted for. In order to suggest what can be anticipated from Michelson Doppler imager (MDI) photospheric magnetic field data calculations of the coronal magnetic field using low spatial resolution data, are presented, and results from the calculations of solar eclipses are compared with solar eclipse images.
Regulation of Cellular Immortalization and Steady-State Levels of the Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase through Its Carboxy-Terminal Domain (2006)

Telomerase maintains cell viability and chromosomal stability through the addition of telomere repeats to chromosome ends. The reactivation of telomerase through the upregulation of TERT, the telomerase protein subunit, is an important step during cancer development, yet TERT protein function and regulation remain incompletely understood. Despite its close sequence similarity to human TERT (hTERT), we find that mouse TERT (mTERT) does not immortalize primary human fibroblasts. Here we exploit these differences in activity to understand TERT protein function by creating chimeric mouse-human TERT proteins. Through the analysis of these chimeric TERT proteins, we find that sequences in the human carboxy-terminal domain are critical for telomere maintenance in human fibroblasts. The substitution of the human carboxy-terminal sequences into the mouse TERT protein is sufficient to confer immortalization and maintenance of telomere length and function. Strikingly, we find that hTERT protein accumulates to markedly higher levels than does mTERT protein and that the sequences governing this difference in protein regulation also reside in the carboxy-terminal domain. These elevated protein levels, which are characteristic of hTERT, are necessary but not sufficient for telomere maintenance because stabilized mTERT mutants cannot immortalize human cells. Thus, the TERT carboxy terminus contains sequences that regulate TERT protein levels and determinants that are required for productive action on telomere ends.
Smallpox Vaccine Does Not Protect Macaques with AIDS from a Lethal Monkeypox Virus Challenge (2005)

It is unknown whether smallpox vaccination would protect human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals, because helper CD4(+) cells, the targets of HIV-1 infection, are necessary for the induction of both adaptive CD8(+) cell and B cell responses. We have addressed this question in macaques and have demonstrated that, although smallpox vaccination is safe in immunodeficient macaques when it is preceded by immunization with highly attenuated vaccinia strains, the macaques were not protected against lethal monkeypox virus challenge if their CD4(+) cell count was <300 cells/mm(3). The lack of protection appeared to be associated with a defect in vaccinia-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) switching from IgM to IgG. Thus, vaccination strategies that bypass CD4(+) cell help are needed to elicit IgG antibodies with high affinity and adequate tissue distribution and to restore protection against smallpox in severely immunocompromised individuals.
ALOE VERA (JELLY LEEKS) (1943)

I was born and raised in the town of Tzechow, which is at the foothills of the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayan Range in western China. Like most boys, I preferred to fly kites, catch birds and plant flowers rather than to memorize the Confucian classics. One day I caught a young bird, much like a vireo, freshly out of its nest. I put the bird in a wooden cage which had bars on one side only. Having raised two of the bars, I placed the cage on the ground near the tree in which the nest rested and waited in ambush. Finally the mother bird came to the cage with a worm to feed her fledgling. I cautiously sneaked up behind and pushed down the bars, thus capturing both the mother and her child, and took them home. My first desire was to have a larger and better home
HYDROGENATION OF MAGNESIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF AN R.E.M. HYDRIDE (1989)

The formation of well-defined protein bioconjugates is critical for many studies and technologies in chemical biology. Tried-and-true methods for accomplishing this typically involve the targeting of cysteine residues, but the rapid growth of contemporary bioconjugate applications has required an expanded repertoire of modification techniques. One very powerful set of strategies involves the modification of proteins at their N termini, as these positions are typically solvent exposed and provide chemically distinct sites for many protein targets. Several chemical techniques can be used to modify N-terminal amino acids directly or convert them into unique functional groups for further ligations. A growing number of N-terminus-specific enzymatic ligation strategies have provided additional possibilities. This Perspective provides an overview of N-terminal modification techniques and the chemical rationale governing each. Examples of specific N-terminal protein conjugates are provided, along with their uses in a number of diverse biological applications.
The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases (2003)

The demonstration that fibroblastic cells acquire contractile features during the healing of an open wound, thus modulating into myofibroblasts, has open a new perspective in the understanding of mechanisms leading to wound closure and fibrocontractive diseases. Myofibroblasts synthesize extracellular matrix components such as collagen types I and III and during normal wound healing disappear by apoptosis when epithelialization occurs. The transition from fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is influenced by mechanical stress, TGF-beta and cellular fibronectin (ED-A splice variant). These factors also play important roles in the development of fibrocontractive changes, such as those observed in liver cirrhosis, renal fibrosis, and stroma reaction to epithelial tumours.
Assessment of Small-Diameter Aortic Mechanical Prostheses (1998)

Even in the presence of significant pressure recovery, the Doppler-derived gradient across small-diameter aortic mechanical prostheses does have hemodynamic relevance insofar as it reflects myocardial energy expenditure. Small differences in function between stenotic aortic mechanical prostheses, undetectable by conventional orifice area estimations, can be identified by dynamic Doppler echocardiographic analysis of pressure-flow relations.
Nonaqueous Electrocatalytic Oxidation of the Alkylaromatic Ethylbenzene by a Surface Bound RuV(O) Catalyst (2012)

The catalyst [Ru(Mebimpy)(4,4′-((HO)2OPCH2)2bpy(OH2)]2+, where Mebimpy is 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine and 4,4′-((HO)2OPCH2)2bpy is 4,4′-bis-methlylenephosphonato-2,2′-bipyridine, attached to nanocrystalline Sn(IV)-doped In2O3 (nanoITO) electrodes (nanoITO|RuII–OH22+) has been utilized for the electrocatalytic oxidation of the alkylaromatics ethylbenzene, toluene, and cumene in propylene carbonate/water mixtures. Oxidative activation of the surface site to nanoITO|RuV(O)3+ is followed by hydrocarbon oxidation at the surface with a rate constant of 2.5 ± 0.2 M–1 s–1 (I = 0.1 M LiClO4, T = 23 ± 2 °C) for the oxidation of ethylbenzene. Electrocatalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone occurs with a faradic efficiency of 95%. H/D kinetic isotope effects determined for oxidation of ethylbenzene point to a mechanism involving oxygen atom insertion into a C–H bond of ethylbenzene followed by further 2e–/2H+ oxidation to acetophenone.
Efficient gene delivery to the inflamed colon by local administration of recombinant adenoviruses with normal or modified fibre structure (1999)

Local administration of recombinant adenoviruses with normal or modified fibre structure could provide a new reliable method for targeted gene expression in the inflamed colon. Such gene delivery could be used to specifically express signal transduction proteins with therapeutic potential in inflamed colonic tissue. In particular, adenoviruses with modified fibre structure may be useful in T cell directed therapies in intestinal inflammation.
The Amino-Acid Sequence of the Amino-Terminal 37 Residues of Human Parathyroid Hormone (1974)

The sequence of the amino-terminal 37 residues of human parathyroid hormone has been established. The hormone used in these studies was isolated in highly purified form from parathyroid adenomata and was subjected to automated degradation in a Beckman sequencer. A high-sensitivity sequencing procedure employing (35)S-labeled phenylisothiocyanate of high specific activity as the coupling agent was used. The sequence obtained differs from that of bovine parathyroid hormone in three of the first 37 positions, and from that of porcine parathyroid hormone in two positions. A single human-specific residue was found (asparagine 16). The sequence obtained differs at three positions (22, 28, and 30) from the structure for human parathyroid hormone reported recently by Brewer et al. [(1972) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 69, 3585-3588] and synthesized by Andreatta et al. [(1973) Helv. Chim. Acta, 56, 470-473] We have carefully reviewed our data, reported here in detail, on the sequence positions in dispute. We must conclude, on the basis of all available data, that the structure that we propose is the correct structure. The objective resolution of these discrepancies in structural analysis through further chemical and immunochemical studies is important, since synthesis of human parathyroid hormone, in which there is widespread interest for physiological and clinical studies, must be based on the correct sequence of the human hormone if the peptide is to be genuinely useful.
Multi-robot target acquisition using multiple objective behavior coordination (2002)

We propose an approach to multi-robot coordination in the context of cooperative target acquisition. The approach is based on multiple objective behavior coordination extended to multiple robots. It provides mechanisms for distributed command fusion across a group of robots to pursue multiple goals of multiple robots in parallel. The mechanisms enable each robot to select actions that not only benefit itself but also benefit the group as a whole. Experimental results with two mobile robots validate that, by using this method, a group of robots can successfully truck and acquire a moving target.