gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation from Nocardioides sp. Strain CT16, Purification, and Characterization of a Deoxycytidine Deaminase Extremely Thermostable in the Presence of D,L… (2002)

A deoxycytidine deaminase that was extremely thermostable in the presence of dithiothreitol was found in a mesophilic bacterium isolated from soil. The bacterium was classified as a Nocardioides sp. The enzyme was purified to a homogeneous protein by treatment at 100 degrees C, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl, hydroxyapatite, and then Sephacryl S-100. Twenty micrograms of the pure enzyme was obtained from 811 mg of the starting crude protein. After treatment at 50 degrees C for 15 min in the absence of dithiothreitol, enzyme activity was 44% of the starting activity; after treatment at 100 degrees C for 2 h in the presence of 50 mm dithiothreitol, activity was 56% of the starting activity. Dithiothreitol greatly stabilized the enzyme. Activity was maximum at 99 degrees C. The Km values for deoxycytidine, cytidine, and methyl-deoxycytidine were 55.2, 140, and 130 microM, respectively. The molecular mass was estimated to be 52 kDa by gel permeation chromatography. The enzyme molecule was dissociated into two subunits each of 18 kDa subunit when reduced with mercaptoethanol.
Evidence of Extensive DNA Transfer between Bacteroidales Species within the Human Gut (2014)

By analyzing Bacteroidales strains coresident in the gut microbiota of two human adults, we provide strong evidence for extensive interspecies and interfamily transfer of integrative conjugative elements within the intestinal microbiota of individual humans. In the recipient strain, we show that the conjugative elements themselves can be modified by the transposition of insertion sequences and retroelements from the recipient's genome, with subsequent transfer of these modified elements to other members of the microbiota. These data suggest that the genomes of our gut bacteria are substantially modified by other, coresident members of the ecosystem, resulting in highly personalized Bacteroidales strains likely unique to that individual. The genetic content of these ICEs suggests that their transfer from successful adapted members of an ecosystem confers beneficial properties to the recipient, increasing its fitness and allowing it to better compete within its particular personalized gut microbial ecosystem.
Hematopoietic progenitors cells in cord blood. (1992)

Human umbilical cord blood was evaluated as an alternative to bone marrow as a source of stem cells for hematopoietic transplantation. In order to define an optimal collection procedure, we have studied the parameters that influence the collection, handling and storage of cord blood. We have attempted to correlate the quality of the samples with obstetrical and neonatal parameters. Using culture techniques we have studied the long term viability of the cells. Cell separation was also investigated. Our results suggest that most of the sample collected could be suitable for transplantation, in term of progenitors. However the observed variability between samples suggest that an efficient control of the quality of the samples is important.
ERβ: Identification and characterization of a novel human estrogen receptor (1996)

A novel estrogen receptor (hereinafter referred to as ER beta) was cloned using degenerate PCR primers. A comparison of the amino acid sequence of ER beta with the "classical' ER (ER alpha) shows a high degree of conservation of the DNA-binding domain (96%), and of the ligand-binding domain (58%). In contrast, the A/B domain, the hinge region and the F-domain are not conserved. Northern blot analysis revealed that ER beta is expressed in human thymus, spleen, ovary and testis. Transient transfections of an ER beta expression construct together with an ERE-based reporter construct in CHO cells clearly demonstrated transactivation of ER beta by 17 beta-estradiol. In addition, the ER alpha antagonist ICI-164384 is a potent antagonist for ER beta as well. Interestingly, the level of transactivation by 17 beta-estradiol is higher for ER alpha than for ER beta, which may reflect suboptimal conditions for ER beta at the level of the ligand, responsive element or cellular context.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Prevents Arterial Nuclear Factor-κB Activation, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Expression, and Macrophage Infiltration in a Rabbit Model of Early Accelerated Atherosclerosis (1997)

Background The migration of monocytes into the vessel wall is a critical event leading to the development of atherosclerosis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is the main chemotactic factor involved in this phenomenon, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is one of the nuclear factors controlling its expression. ACE inhibitors have been useful in some experimental models of atherosclerosis. In this work, we addressed the hypothesis that angiotensin II (Ang II) may be implicated in the recruitment of monocytes into the vessel wall through the activation of NF-κB and the induction of MCP-1 expression. Methods and Results Accelerated atherosclerosis was induced in the femoral arteries of rabbits by endothelial desiccation and atherogenic diet for 7 days. Atherosclerotic vessels exhibited an increase in NF-κB–like activity, and p50 and p65 NF-κB subunits were identified as components of this activity. MCP-1 (mRNA and protein) was also expressed in the injured vessels coincidently with the neointimal macrophage infiltration. ACE inhibition with quinapril reduced these three parameters. In cultured monocytic and vascular smooth muscle cells, Ang II elicited an increase in NF-κB activation and MCP-1 expression that was prevented by preincubation of cells with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. Conclusions The present data support a role for Ang II in neointimal monocyte infiltration through NF-κB activation and MCP-1 expression in a model of accelerated atherosclerosis in rabbits. Our results suggest that ACE inhibitors may have a beneficial effect in early atherosclerosis.
Significance of tumour vessel invasion in determining the morphology of isolated tumour cells in the pulmonary vein in non-small-cell lung cancer (2012)

Clustered ITCs were shown to be a prognostic indicator and strongly related to BVI. Our results suggest that determination of BVI has prognostic value, as clustered ITCs with metastatic potential are disseminated from the invaded vein.
A New Intelligent Remote Control Unit for Consumer Electronic Devices (1985)

Means like menu-techniques or so called help-files for simplifying the handling of various appliances have gained a firm footing in most fields of professional or semi-professional technology. Evidently this trend will extend even to the smallest microprocessor equipped professional device. Only in the field of consumer electronics, where even a timer controlled video cassette recorder has proven to be a technically very complicated machine, no realy drastic progress is visible. Instead extremely difficult to handle appliances which require large instruction manuals are still developed and marketed. Here a large number of switches and buttons dominate, though an intelligent application of the principles of "user-guidance" already known today would allow simple and self-explanatory control units.
Elevated Serum Gastrin Levels in Patients with Colorectal Neoplasia (1991)

Gastrin stimulates the growth of some human colon adenocarcinomas grown in vitro or as xenografts in nude mice. To evaluate the possibility of elevated plasma gastrin levels in patients with adenomatous polyps or colorectal cancer, we carried out a radioimmunoassay in subjects fasting overnight and undergoing colonoscopy. The study included 190 patients who were divided into three groups: controls (n = 65), those with benign adenomas (n = 63), and those with adenocarcinomas (n = 62). The mean values of plasma gastrin in the cancer group (112.71 +/- 16.65 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those of the control group (40.41 +/- 1.88 pg/ml) as well as those of the polyp group. Mean plasma gastrin values in the polyp group (54.27 +/- 5.29 pg/ml) were also significantly higher than those of the control group. In the cancer group, 32 of 62 patients (51.6%) had gastrin levels greater than the control mean +2 SD, as opposed to only 10 of 63 (15.9%) in the polyp group. The number, size, histologic type, and presence of dysplasia in the polyp group and the location or Dukes' stage in the cancer group had no significant influence on gastrin levels in this study. Preliminary results in cancer patients with elevated preoperative gastrin levels show a postoperative reduction in six of seven patients. The exact cause and role of hypergastrinemia in tumor growth in such patients remains to be determined. Measurements taken both before and after colectomy coupled with a systematic search for specific gastrin receptors would be useful.
Ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells on glass substrates (1997)

We fabricate thin crystalline silicon solar cells with a minority carrier diffusion length of 0.6±0.2 μm by direct high-temperature chemical vapor deposition on glass substrates. This small diffusion length does not allow high cell efficiencies with conventional cell designs. We propose a new cell design that utilizes submicron thin silicon layers to compensate for low minority carrier diffusion lengths. According to theoretical modeling, our design exhibits excellent light trapping properties and allows for 10% efficiency at an optimum cell thickness of 0.4 μm only. This submicron range of cell thicknesses was formerly thought to require direct band gap semiconductors.
Robust frequency offset estimation for pilot symbol assisted packet CDMA with MIMO antenna systems (2002)

We propose frequency offset estimation and combining techniques for pilot symbol assisted (PSA) packet downlink code-division multiple access (CDMA) with multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems. Orthogonal Walsh codes are used for dedicated pilot symbols at the transmit antennas. The discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based frequency offset estimation is used for simple implementation. In addition, simple interpolation is also used for resolution improvement of the DFT. When identical frequency offset is assumed, the frequency offset estimates for each single-input single-output (SISO) sub-stream (i.e., transmit/receive antenna pair) can be combined at the receiver. Simulation results show that the estimation and combining techniques proposed deliver improvement in the frequency offset estimation performance.
“Click” labeling strategy for M(CO)3 (M = Re, 99mTc) prostate cancer targeted Flutamide agents (2010)

Two distinct "click" chemistry labeling approaches were investigated with dipyridylamine alkyne derivatives and M(CO)(3)(+) (M = Re, (99m)Tc). The triazole ring was found uncoordinated and was incorporated into the preparation of a crossover androgen receptor targeting inhibitor for prostate cancer.
A phase 2 randomised discontinuation trial of cabozantinib in patients with ovarian carcinoma (2017)

This trial is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT00940225).
Elevated Levels of Serum Immunoglobulins in Asymptomatic Carriers of Clostridium difficile (1993)

Serum levels of IgA, IgM, and polyvalent immunoglobulins reactive with Clostridium difficile were determined by ELISA for asymptomatic carriers (n = 5), symptomatic individuals (n = 21), and a pool of 30 "normal" individuals. Mean IgA concentrations expressed as optical density (OD +/- SD) were significantly higher (P < .001) for asymptomatic carriers (1.252 +/- 0.516) than for symptomatic patients (0.374 +/- 0.145). Mean serum IgM levels also were significantly higher (P < .001) for carriers (1.456 +/- 0.582) than for symptomatic patients (0.727 +/- 0.331), as were mean values for polyvalent immunoglobulins (2.25 +/- 0.718 for carriers vs. 1.457 +/- 0.574 for symptomatic patients; P < .05). Although the patient populations were small, the levels of immunoglobulins reactive with C. difficile antigens differed significantly. This difference might reflect the ability of the host to mount an immune response and might be a factor influencing whether a patient develops disease due to this organism. The ability to detect differences in immunoglobulin levels might also help differentiate infection from colonization.
Attempt to Prevent Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Human Myocardial Morphologic Damage With Acetylcysteine<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref> (1983)

Doxorubicin induced acute as well as chronic myocardial morphologic alterations. Twenty patients with normal cardiovascular function were randomized to 2 groups based on age and dose of doxorubicin. Group I received placebo 1 hour before doxorubicin administration; group II received acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) (Nac) 1 hour before doxorubicin. Endomyocardial biopsies were performed at base line at 4 and 24 hours after doxorubicin administration. Biopsy tissue was viewed by electron microscopy, and stereoscopic techniques were used to determine tubular and mitochondrial area. The change of the tubular area was similar in the 2 groups, was maximum at 4 hours, and was proportionately spread throughout the cell. The mitochondrial swelling was also similar in the 2 groups and proportionate throughout the cell but was maximum at 24 hours. This study demonstrated that the acute doxorubicin-induced damage was diffuse and not prevented by Nac.
Self-Assembling Formation of Ni Nanodots on SiO2 Induced by Remote H2 Plasma Treatment and Their Electrical Charging Characteristics (2008)

We fabricated nanometer-scale Ni dots and NiSi dots on an ultrathin SiO2 layer using remote H2 plasma and demonstrated the feasibility of remote H2 plasma treatment for controlling the areal density of the dots. 1.8-nm-thick-Ni/SiO2 and Ni/Si-quantum dots (QDs)/SiO2 layer were treated with remote H2 plasma generated by the inductive coupling between an external single-turn antenna and a 60 MHz generator. When a Ni/SiO2 was treated with remote H2 plasma at room temperature, Ni nanodot density could be controlled in the range of 109 to 1012 cm-2 by adjusting the plasma conditions. After the remote H2 plasma treatment of the Ni/Si-QDs, the formation of electrically isolated NiSi dots with an areal density of ∼1011 cm-2 was confirmed. These results imply that hydrogen radicals generated in H2 plasma play an important role in improving surface diffusion caused by energy reduction at the Ni/SiO2 interface. The surface potential of the Ni nanodots changes stepwise with the tip bias. This is due to the multistep electron injection into and extraction of Ni nanodots. The minimum tip biases for electron injection into Ni nanodots, NiSi dots and Si-QDs were -0.2, -0.7, and -1.0 V, respectively. This reflected the difference in electron affinity among Ni, NiSi and Si.
Feasibility of stomach exploration with a guided capsule endoscope (2010)

Magnetically navigated video capsule endoscopy appears to be feasible and sufficiently accurate for gastric examination. It may permit endoscopic examinations that are more patient-friendly and without sedation. Comparative studies are under way.
Immunophenotypic analysis of reticulocytes in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (1995)

The hematologic disorder paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) occurs following an acquired somatic mutation in the Piga gene within a bone marrow stem cell. The progeny of this mutated cell cannot synthesize glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors, with a resultant deficiency in surface expression of all GPI-linked proteins. The protean clinical manifestations of PNH presumably result from the deficiency of these GPI-linked surface proteins. To explain the observation that neutrophils are affected at a significantly higher percentage than circulating erythrocytes and to analyze the proliferative rates of erythroid production in PNH, we studied 25 patients using flow cytometry. The fluorescent dye thiazole orange was used to detect reticulocytes, and CD59 monoclonal antibody was used to identify GPI-deficient cells. In contrast to the mature circulating erythrocytes, the percentage of abnormal reticulocytes was similar to the percentage of affected neutrophils. However, the vast majority of reticulocytes was completely GPI-deficient, ie, were type III cells, even in patients with only modest numbers of circulating type III erythrocytes. In addition, greater than 5% type II reticulocytes were identified in only 3 patients, although greater than 5% type II mature erythrocytes were identified in 10 of 25 patients. The results show that the erythroid and neutrophil bone marrow precursors have an equivalent proliferative advantage in PNH. The data also have important implications for the origin of type-II erythrocytes in PNH.
Streamlined Expressed Protein Ligation Using Split Inteins (2012)

Chemically modified proteins are invaluable tools for studying the molecular details of biological processes, and they also hold great potential as new therapeutic agents. Several methods have been developed for the site-specific modification of proteins, one of the most widely used being expressed protein ligation (EPL) in which a recombinant α-thioester is ligated to an N-terminal Cys-containing peptide. Despite the widespread use of EPL, the generation and isolation of the required recombinant protein α-thioesters remain challenging. We describe here a new method for the preparation and purification of recombinant protein α-thioesters using engineered versions of naturally split DnaE inteins. This family of autoprocessing enzymes is closely related to the inteins currently used for protein α-thioester generation, but they feature faster kinetics and are split into two inactive polypeptides that need to associate to become active. Taking advantage of the strong affinity between the two split intein fragments, we devised a streamlined procedure for the purification and generation of protein α-thioesters from cell lysates and applied this strategy for the semisynthesis of a variety of proteins including an acetylated histone and a site-specifically modified monoclonal antibody.
<title>Engineering properties of high-refractive index optical gels for photonic device applications</title> (2000)

We have investigated a new class of high refractive index, non-yellowing, viscoelastic optical gels. Refractive indices for these materials can be adjusted from that needed to match fused silica to above n<SUB>D</SUB> equals 1.6 to match the higher index engineering glasses, plastics, and semiconductors. These materials are designed for permanent optically clear encapsulation in devices where severe mechanical shock or differential thermal expansion, such as occurs during PCB soldering operations, may render conventional high strength optical epoxies unusable. These low shear stress gels can also be customized to exhibit a wide range of rheological 'stiffness'. We have demonstrated quasi-fluid versions with apparent viscosities of 500,000 cP to hard-rubber-like consistencies registering on the high end of the Shore 00 durometer scale. In this paper, we present measurements of engineering properties on both elastometer-like curing optical gels, and thixotropic non- curing optical gels for: a) optical properties from near UV to near IR: refractive index over temperature, dispersion, and optical absorption; b) rheological properties: viscosity vs. shear rate, Shore hardness and cone penetration. Validation of ultra-low volatility and high temperature thermo oxidative stability required for long-lived photonic devices is discussed. Use of gel technology in fiber splices and photonic devices is described.
Myotonic dystrophy: Molecular windows on a complex etiology (1998)

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is the most common form of adult onset muscular dystrophy, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 8500 adults. DM is caused by an expanded number of trinucleotide repeats in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (DM protein kinase, DMPK). Although a large number of transgenic animals have been generated with different gene constructions and knock-outs, none of them faithfully recapitulates the multisystemic and often severe phenotype seen in human patients. The transgenic data suggest that myotonic dystrophy is not caused simply by a biochemical deficiency or abnormality in the DM kinase gene product. Emerging studies suggest that two novel pathogenetic mechanisms may play a role in the disease: the expanded repeats appear to cause haploinsufficiency of a neighboring homeobox gene and also abnormal DMPK RNA appears to have a detrimental effect on RNA homeostasis. The complex, multisystemic phenotype may reflect an underlying multifaceted molecular pathophysiology: the facial dysmorphology may be due to pattern defects caused by haploinsufficiency of the homeobox gene, while the muscle disease and endocrine abnormalities may be due to both altered RNA metabolism and deficiency of the cAMP DMPK protein.
Motor Cortex Stimulation for the Enhancement of Recovery from Stroke: A Prospective, Multicenter Safety Study (2006)

The technique of cortical stimulation to enhance stroke recovery is well tolerated and safe.
A randomized phase III study comparing dacarbazine, BCNU, cisplatin and tamoxifen with dacarbazine and interferon in advanced melanoma (2000)

The purpose of this study was to compare the response rate, overall and 1-year survival in patients with advanced melanoma treated with a standard therapy, dacarbazine and interferon-alpha (DTIC/IFN), or combination chemotherapy, consisting of dacarbazine, BCNU, cisplatin and tamoxifen (DBCT). Treatment toxicity and time spent in hospital were secondary end points. One hundred and five patients (of whom 100 were eligible) were randomized to receive either DTIC/IFN or DBCT. The trial was designed to detect a 25% absolute difference in response rate or in 1-year survival with 80% power. There was no significant difference in response rate: this was 17.3% with DTIC/IFN and 26.4% with DBCT. Median overall survival was similar at 199 and 202 days respectively. One-year survival rate favoured standard treatment (30.6 vs 22.6%), but did not differ significantly between arms. DBCT was associated with significantly greater haematological toxicity, and a greater need for time spent in hospital (5.75 days/treatment cycle vs 2.29 with dacarbazine and interferon). DBCT combination therapy cannot be recommended as standard treatment for advanced melanoma. Dacarbazine remains the standard chemotherapy for this condition.
The Expanding Universe of Noncoding RNAs (2006)

The 71st Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology celebrated the numerous and expanding roles of regulatory RNAs in systems ranging from bacteria to mammals. It was clearly evident that noncoding RNAs are undergoing a renaissance, with reports of their involvement in nearly every cellular process. Previously known classes of longer noncoding RNAs were shown to function by every possible means-acting catalytically, sensing physiological states through adoption of complex secondary and tertiary structures, or using their primary sequences for recognition of target sites. The many recently discovered classes of small noncoding RNAs, generally less than 35 nucleotides in length, most often exert their effects by guiding regulatory complexes to targets via base-pairing. With the ability to analyze the RNA products of the genome in ever greater depth, it has become clear that the universe of noncoding RNAs may extend far beyond the boundaries we had previously imagined. Thus, as much as the Symposium highlighted exciting progress in the field, it also revealed how much farther we must go to understand fully the biological impact of noncoding RNAs.