gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yersiniosis in Farmed Deer (1990)

Samples from 77 chital (Axis axis), 42 fallow (Dama dama), 26 red (Cervus elaphus), 7 rusa (Cervus timorensis) and 1 sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) were examined. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection was diagnosed as the cause of death in 6 (23%) of the red and 23 (30%) of the chital deer. Yersiniosis was the most common infectious cause of death diagnosed. Affected deer were usually found moribund or dead, often with faecal staining of the perineum. Gross pathology in chital included a fibrinous enterocolitis, enlarged congested mesenteric lymph nodes and multiple pale foci through the liver. Gross changes in red deer were limited to intense congestion of the intestinal mucosa and enlargement and congestion of mesenteric lymph nodes. Microscopic intestinal changes in both species consisted of microabscessation or diffuse suppurative inflammation of the intestinal mucosa with numerous bacterial colonies in the lamina propria. Multifocal suppurative mesenteric lymphadenitis was a common finding. Multifocal suppurative or non-suppurative hepatitis was frequently present in the liver of chital but was uncommon in the red deer. Yersiniosis occurred during the cooler months from June to November, with younger age classes most commonly affected. Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes I, II and III were isolated in the ratio 17:3:0 in the chital deer and 1:1:2 in red deer. The clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological features are similar to those documented previously by New Zealand workers. The increased susceptibility to disease of red deer and chital compared to fallow deer and perhaps other species has not previously been documented.
Inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus infection in vitro and in vivo by soluble CR2 (CD21) containing two short consensus repeats (1991)

The extracellular domain of CR2, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/C3d receptor of B lymphocytes, contains 15 or 16 tandemly arranged short consensus repeat elements (SCR). Recombinant CR2 proteins containing SCR 1 and 2 fused to Staphylococcus aureus protein A (PA-CR2) and to murine complement factor H SCR 20 (CR2FH) were expressed in Escherichia coli and in insect cells, respectively. These recombinant CR2 molecules retained functional activity as indicated by their ability to bind to C3dg in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and to inhibit EBV gp350/220 binding to B cells. PA-CR2 and CR2FH were as efficient in blocking EBV gp350/220 binding as the full-length CR2 extracellular domain, indicating that the first two SCR of CR2 contain the majority of the ligand binding activity of the receptor. PA-CR2 and CR2FH inhibited EBV-induced B-cell proliferation in vitro and blocked the development of EBV-induced lymphoproliferative disease in severe combined immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human lymphocytes. These studies indicate that soluble forms of truncated CR2 proteins may have potential therapeutic value in the treatment of EBV-induced lymphoproliferative disorders in humans that involve viral replication.
A Preliminary Study on the Application of CaO_2 in the Production of Pleurotus ostreatus and Letinula edodes Spawns (2004)

Taking CaO_2 as addition agent of Pleurotus ostreatus and Letinula edodes spawn media, the development environment of the mycelia will be improved, the growth of the mycelia will be tidied, the growth vigor of the mycelia will be strengthened, the spawn age will be shortened, the spawn quality will be improved, the primodium differentiation will be uniformed, the fruitbody morphology will be regularized and the commodity rate will be increased.
Performance Assessment of A Complete Packaged Sub−Gbps WDM Receiver (2000)

The performance assessment of a complete packaged four-channel WDM receiver for\noperating in the sub-Gbps bitrates is presented. The WDM receiver consists of an eightchannel\narrayed-waveguide grating demux and eight planar waveguide photodetectors, monolithically integrated in an InP-based chip. The chip has been hybridly mounted and connected to an array of RF-preamplifiers on a temperature stabilized AlN printed circuit board. Receiver sensitivities of approximately –17 dBm for 311 Mbps and -13 dBm for 622 Mbps were measured.
Localization of iodine-125-mIP-Des-Met14-bombesin (7-13)NH2 in ovarian carcinoma induced to express the gastrin releasing peptide receptor by adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer. (1997)

Internalization assays showed that [125I]-mIP-bombesin has favorable characteristics compared with [125I]-Tyr4-bombesin with regards to cellular internalization and retention. The results demonstrate successful in vitro and in vivo transduction of human tumor cells with a recombinant adenoviral vector-expressing GRPr. Additionally, tumors transduced in vivo to express GRPr demonstrated significantly greater localization of [125I]-mIP-bombesin when compared with [125I]-Tyr4-bombesin.
Cis-trans isomerism in (trpy)(PPh3)RuC12. Comparisons between the chemical and physical properties of a cis-trans isomeric pair (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCis-trans isomerism in (trpy)(PPh3)RuC12. Comparisons between the chemical and physical properties of a cis-trans isomeric pairB. Patrick Sullivan, Jeffrey M. Calvert, and Thomas J. MeyerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 5, 1404–1407Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50207a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50207a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5336Altmetric-Citations376LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
l -Methylfolate as Adjunctive Therapy for SSRI-Resistant Major Depression: Results of Two Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Sequential Trials (2012)

Adjunctive L-methylfolate at 15 mg/day may constitute an effective, safe, and relatively well tolerated treatment strategy for patients with major depressive disorder who have a partial response or no response to SSRIs.
Vapor Deposition of Diamond Particles from Methane (1982)

Microcrystalline diamond has been formed on silicon or molybdenum substrates by vapor deposition from a geseous mixture of methane and hydrogen. Cubo-octahedral or multiply-twinned crystals were obtained. The structure of the deposits was identified by electron diffraction and Raman scattering.
Synergistic Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Angiogenesis In Vivo (1995)

Combined administration of VEGF and bFGF stimulates significantly greater and more rapid augmentation of collateral circulation, resulting in superior hemodynamic improvement compared with either VEGF or bFGF alone. This synergism of two angiogenic mitogens with different target cell specificities may have important implications for the treatment of severe arterial insufficiency in patients whose disease is not amenable to direct revascularization.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activities of N-Benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide Derivatives (1996)

Studies have demonstrated that 2-substituted N-benzyl-2-acetamidoacetamides (2) are potent anticonvulsants. A recent investigation has led to the hypothesis that an important structural feature in 2 for maximal anticonvulsant activity is the placement of a small, substituted heteroatom moiety one atom from the C(2) site. This paper validates this hypothesis. Twelve derivatives of N-benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide have been prepared in which six different heteroatom substituents (chloro, bromo, iodo, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur) were incorporated at the C(3) site. Highly potent activities were observed for the two oxygen-substituted derivatives, N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide (18) and N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-ethoxypropionamide (19). The ED50 values in mice following intraperitoneal (i.p.) dosing for the maximal electroshock-induced seizure test for 18 and 19 were 8.3 and 17.3 mg/kg, respectively. These values compared favorably to the ED50 value found for phenytoin (ED50 = 6.5 mg/kg). Comparable activities were observed for 18 and 19 upon oral (p.o.) administration to rats (18, ED50 = 3.9 mg/kg; 19, ED50 = 19 mg/kg; phenytoin, ED50 = 23 mg/kg). Evaluation of the individual stereoisomers for 18 demonstrated that the principal anticonvulsant activity resided in the (R)-stereoisomer. The ED50 value for (R)-18 was 4.5 mg/kg, and the ED50 for (S)-18 exceeded 100 mg/kg. This difference in activity for the two stereochemical isomers surpassed comparable values for other members within this class of compounds. The protective indices (PI = TD50/ED50) (where TD50 represents a neurotoxic dose impairing rotorod performance) for (R)-18 in mice (i.p.) and in rats (p.o.) were 6.0 and > 130, respectively.
Future prospects in immunosuppression for liver transplantation (2011)

1. Our increasing understanding of signaling pathways and cellular interactions in transplant immunobiology and the availability of novel immunosuppressive agents have facilitated targeted strategies. 2. The driving forces behind the development of new immunosuppressive regimens are the long-term complications of current immunosuppressive regimens (particularly renal dysfunction and metabolic disturbances). 3. By regulatory mandate, the requirement for the primary endpoint to be a composite of death, graft loss, and rejection remains intact; however, current and future clinical trials could incorporate key secondary endpoints that address renal and metabolic derangements.
An Introduction to Systems Biology (2006)

Thorough and accessible, this book presents the design principles of biological systems, and highlights the recurring circuit elements that make up biological networks. It provides a simple mathematical framework which can be used to understand and even design biological circuits. The textavoids specialist terms, focusing instead on several well-st
Growth of Francisella tularensis LVS in macrophages: the acidic intracellular compartment provides essential iron required for growth (1995)

Murine macrophages supported exponential intracellular growth of Francisella tularensis LVS in vitro with a doubling time of 4 to 6 h. LVS was internalized and remained in a vacuolar compartment throughout its growth cycle. The importance of endosome acidification to intracellular growth of this bacterium was assessed by treatment of LVS-infected macrophages with several different lysosomotropic agents (chloroquine, NH4Cl, and ouabain). Regardless of the agent used or its mechanism of action, macrophages treated with agents that blocked endosome acidification no longer supported replication of LVS. Over several experiments for each lysosomotropic agent, the number of CFU of LVS recovered from treated macrophage cultures was equivalent to the input inoculum (approximately 10(4) CFU) at 72 h. In contrast, over 10(8) CFU was consistently recovered from untreated cultures. Pretreatment of macrophages with these endosome acidification inhibitors did not alter their ingestion of bacteria. Further, the effects of the inhibitors were completely reversible: inhibitor-pretreated LVS-infected macrophages washed free of the agent and cultured in medium fully supported LVS growth over 72 h. Endosome acidification is an important cellular event essential for release of iron from transferrin. The growth-inhibitory effects of both chloroquine and NH4Cl were completely reversed by addition of ferric PPi, a transferrin-independent iron source, at a neutral pH but not by addition of excess holotransferrin. Thus, intracellular localization in an acidic vesicle which facilitates the availability of iron essential for Francisella growth is a survival tactic of this bacterium, and iron depletion is one mechanism that macrophages use to inhibit its growth.
Yolk transport in the ovarian follicle of the hen (Gallus domesticus): Lipoprotein-like particles at the periphery of the oocyte in the rapid growth phase (1979)

Thin sections of the oocyte periphery and surrounding granulosa layer from 1--5 day preovulatory follicles were examined by transmission electron microscopy. With the use of certain procedures in tissue preparation, notably the tannic acid method, numerous particles in the range of 15--40 nm with a mean diameter of 27 nm were observed in both extra- and intracellularly. The particles were abundant in the granulosa basal lamina, in the spaces between the granulosa cells and in the perivitelline space. They appeared to adhere to the oolemma as a continuous double layer which was also observed to line the coated vesicles, 200--350 nm in diameter, invaginating from the oolemma. The layer of particles was not found on the plasma membranes of the granulosa cells, nor were particles present within the cells. In the peripheral cytoplasm of the oocyte the yolk spheres, ranging upwards from 250 nm diameter, were membrane-bound and contained tightly packed particles similar to those on the oolemma. Bodies displaying features intermediate between coated vesicles and yolk spheres suggested that, on entry into the cell, loss of the cytoplasmic coat and obliteration of the vesicular lumen gave rise to nascent yolk spheres which then fused together to form the larger spheres. The extracellular layer, coated vesicles and smaller yolk spheres were absent in oocytes fixed after a 10-min delay. The evidence indicated that 27-nm particles were transferred from the basal lamina to the oocyte surface via the intergranulosa cell channels, incorporated into the cell by adsorptive endocytosis and then transferred to the yolk spheres with little morphological alteration. The identity of the particles with very low density lipoproteins, the major components of the yolk solids, was discussed.
Regulated Production of Type I Collagen and Inflammatory Cytokines by Peripheral Blood Fibrocytes (1998)

We recently described a novel population of blood-borne cells, termed fibrocytes, that display a distinct cell surface phenotype (collagen+/CD13+/CD34+/CD45+), rapidly enter sites of tissue injury, and contribute to scar formation. To further characterize the role of these cells in vivo, we examined the expression of type I collagen and cytokine mRNAs by cells isolated from wound chambers implanted into mice. Five days after chamber implantation, CD34+ fibrocytes but not CD14+ monocytes or CD90+ T cells expressed mRNA for type I collagen. Fibrocytes purified from wound chambers also were found to express mRNA for IL-1beta, IL-10, TNF-alpha, JE/MCP, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MIP-2, PDGF-A, TGF-beta1, and M-CSF. The addition of IL-1beta (1-100 ng/ml), a critical mediator in wound healing, to fibrocytes isolated from human peripheral blood induced the secretion of chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, IL-8, and GRO alpha), hemopoietic growth factors (IL-6, IL-10, and macrophage-CSF), and the fibrogenic cytokine TNF-alpha. By contrast, IL-1beta decreased the constitutive secretion of type I collagen as measured by ELISA. Additional evidence for a role for fibrocytes in collagen production in vivo was obtained in studies of livers obtained from Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice. Mouse fibrocytes localized to areas of granuloma formation and connective matrix deposition. We conclude that fibrocytes are an important source of cytokines and type I collagen during both the inflammatory and the repair phase of the wound healing response. Furthermore, IL-1beta may act on fibrocytes to effect a phenotypic transition between a repair/remodeling and a proinflammatory mode.
[In vitro differentiation into megakaryocytes and generation of platelets from CD34+ cells of umbilical cord blood]. (2006)

The hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells can be induced to differentiate into purified and mature megakaryocytes and platelets. It provides a practical way to study the mechanism of platelets production.
Cancer stem cells in prostate cancer. (2013)

Prostate cancer (P-Ca) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Lately, increasing evidence for a hierarchically organized cancer stem cell (CSC) model emerged for different tumors entities, including P-Ca. CSCs are defined by several characteristics including self-renewal, pluripotency and tumorigenicity and are thought to be responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis and cancer related death. In this review we discuss the recent research in the field of CSCs, its limitations and therapeutical implications in general and specifically in P-Ca.
Chemical, biochemical and pharmacological activity of the novel sterically hindered platinum co-ordination complex, cis-[amminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)] platinum(II) (AMD473). (1998)

cis-[Amminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)] platinum(II) (AMD473) is a novel sterically hindered anti-tumour compound designed to circumvent platinum drug resistance and is due to begin clinical trials in 1997. This paper reports the rationale behind the development of AMD473 with regard to its chemical and DNA binding properties. AMD473 circumvents resistance in vitro in acquired cisplatin resistant human ovarian carcinoma (HOC) cell line models (2 h SRB assay mean resistance factor = 2.8 +/- 1.2 microM for AMD473, versus 6.5 +/- 3.5 microM for cisplatin). AMD473 was chosen from a panel of sterically hindered 'pyridine platinum complexes' due to its reduced reactivity with sulphur ligands, unique DNA binding properties and ability to circumvent several of the major resistance mechanisms that manifest in cisplatin-resistant tumour cell lines. AMD473 hydrolyses more slowly (aquation rate = 1.47 +/- 0.32 x 10(-5) s-1 for AMD473 versus 2.98 +/- 0.6 x 10(-5) s-1 for cisplatin) in water than cisplatin and is also shown to have a reduced preference for reaction with soft nucleophiles such as sulphur ligands. Although AMD473 has similar DNA sequence specificity to cisplatin in DNA extracted from drug-treated tumour cells, several adducts unique to AMD473 were formed on naked plasmid DNA. AMD473 was shown to form DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) in both naked pBR322 plasmid and SKOV-3 cellular DNA, although AMD473 formed ICLs at a much slower rate than cisplatin. As steric hindrance was increased from AMD494 (unsubstituted pyridine) through AMD473 to AMD508 (2,6-dimethylpyridine), by addition of methyl groups on the pyridine ligand, cross-link formation rates became slower. By alkaline elution, at equimolar doses, AMD473 ICL formation after 24 h incubation was less than that of cisplatin after 4 h. Understanding the chemical and biochemical properties of these sterically hindered platinum complexes may aid the development of more novel platinum chemotherapeutic agents capable of further improving anti-tumour activity in resistant tumours.
Infiltrated Neutrophils Acquire Novel Chemokine Receptor Expression and Chemokine Responsiveness in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Diseases (2008)

Various inflammatory diseases are characterized by tissue infiltration of neutrophils. Chemokines recruit and activate leukocytes, but neutrophils are traditionally known to be restricted in their chemokine receptor (CR) expression repertoire. Neutrophils undergo phenotypic and functional changes under inflammatory conditions, but the mechanisms regulating CR expression of infiltrated neutrophils at sites of chronic inflammation are poorly defined. Here we show that infiltrated neutrophils from patients with chronic inflammatory lung diseases and rheumatoid arthritis highly express CR on their surface that are absent or only marginally expressed on circulating neutrophils, i.e., CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR3, and CXCR4, as measured by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy. The induction of CR surface expression on infiltrated neutrophils was functionally relevant, because receptor activation by chemokine ligands ex vivo modulated neutrophil effector functions such as respiratory burst activity and bacterial killing. In vitro studies with isolated neutrophils demonstrated that the surface expression of CR was differentially induced in a cytokine-mediated, protein synthesis-dependent manner (CCR1, CCR3), through Toll-like (CXCR3) or NOD2 (CCR5) receptor engagement, through neutrophil apoptosis (CCR5, CXCR4), and/or via mobilization of intracellular CD63(+) granules (CXCR3). CR activation on infiltrated neutrophils may represent a key mechanism by which the local inflammatory microenvironment fine-tunes neutrophil effector functions in situ. Since the up-regulation of CR was exclusively found on infiltrated neutrophils at inflammatory sites in situ, the targeting of these G protein-coupled receptors may have the potential to site-specifically target neutrophilic inflammation.
“Petal Effect” on Surfaces Based on Lycopodium: High-Stick Surfaces Demonstrating High Apparent Contact Angles (2009)

Wetting properties of lycopodium-based surfaces are reported. The surfaces demonstrate high apparent contact angles accompanied by high adhesion of water droplets, similar to the recently reported biological interfaces (rosea Rehd) showing the “petal effect”. Apparent contact angles depended strongly on the droplet volume. Vertical vibration of droplets deposited on the lycopodium-based reliefs promoted wetting transition. Semiquantitative analysis of the observed wetting transition taking into account the hierarchical topography of the relief is presented. We relate the high adhesion of droplets to the partial filling of pores constituting the relief.
Attenuation of Ras signaling restores androgen sensitivity to hormone-refractory C4-2 prostate cancer cells. (2003)

Progression of prostate cancer to androgen-refractory disease is correlated with increased expression of growth factors and receptors capable of establishing autocrine and/or paracrine growth-stimulatory loops. Many of these growth factor receptors engage Ras as part of their normal signaling activities, raising the possibility that activation of endogenous c-Ras could be a common mechanism for prostate cancer progression. Here we demonstrate that inducible expression of a dominant negative form of Ras restores androgen sensitivity to a hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell line. We show that expression of RasN17 in the hormone-refractory C4-2 cell line enhances in vitro sensitivity to the growth-inhibitory action of the antiandrogen Casodex and inhibits anchorage-independent cell growth. Moreover, although induction of RasN17 by itself has no observable effect on the growth of C4-2 xenografts in intact male mice, it restores androgen dependence to the C4-2 xenografts so that they dramatically regress after surgical androgen ablation.
Brain-Derived Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor: Complete Amino Acid Sequence and Homologies (1985)

Bovine brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is a protein mitogen originally identified in partially purified preparations of whole brain. The protein was purified to homogeneity and shown to be a potent vascular endothelial cell mitogen in culture and angiogenic substance in vivo. The homology of aFGF to human interleukin-1 beta was inferred from partial sequence data. The complete amino acid sequence of aFGF has now been determined and observed to be similar to both basic FGF and interleukin-1's. A neuropeptide-like sequence, flanked by basic dipeptides, was observed within the aFGF sequence.