gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infiltration of interleukin-2-inducible killer cells in ascitic fluid and pleural effusions of advanced cancer patients. (1988)

Using ascitic fluid or pleural effusion obtained from 13 ovarian or metastatic breast cancer patients, we separated tumor cells from effusion-associated lymphocytes (EAL) with Percoll density centrifugation. Lymphocytes were incubated with recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2) for 3-4 days and then assessed for tumoricidal activity in a 51chromium-release assay. The IL-2-activated EAL were found to lyse autologous fresh tumor cells, as well as allogeneic fresh tumor cells and FMEX tumor cells, a melanoma cell line which is resistant to natural killer cell activity but is sensitive to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells. There was little or no tumoricidal activity seen in freshly isolated EAL or in EAL which were cultured in medium without IL-2. Phenotypically, the IL-2-activated EAL were largely CD3-, although some cytolytic activity was found in CD3+ populations. Also, most activity was found in cells positive for CD2 (OKT11) and CD16 (Leu 11b), and negative for the monocyte marker Leu M3. These results indicate that the activated cell types found in EAL were predominantly natural killer/lymphokine-activated killer-like with a small contribution from T-cells. Finally, EAL were readily activated by IL-2 in medium containing autologous effusion fluid, indicating that in situ activation of tumoricidal activity by IL-2 can occur in the face of potentially inhibitory substances or cells that may exist in the effusions. Direct introduction of IL-2 may therefore be a potential therapeutic modality of effusion-forming cancers.
The role of the proteasome in the generation of MHC class I ligands and immune responses (2011)

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) degrades intracellular proteins into peptide fragments that can be presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. While the UPS is functional in all mammalian cells, its subunit composition differs depending on cell type and stimuli received. Thus, cells of the hematopoietic lineage and cells exposed to (pro)inflammatory cytokines express three proteasome immunosubunits, which form the catalytic centers of immunoproteasomes, and the proteasome activator PA28. Cortical thymic epithelial cells express a thymus-specific proteasome subunit that induces the assembly of thymoproteasomes. We here review new developments regarding the role of these different proteasome components in MHC class I antigen processing, T cell repertoire selection and CD8 T cell responses. We further discuss recently discovered functions of proteasomes in peptide splicing, lymphocyte survival and the regulation of cytokine production and inflammatory responses.
Effect of gastrointestinal hormones and synthetic analogues on the growth of pancreatic cancer (1995)

The effects of hormones and synthetic analogues have been examined on the growth of 2 human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MiaPaCa2 a well-established cell line and PANI which was derived in our own laboratories from a tumour specimen. The hormones/growth factors included gastrin (G-17), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bombesin, while the synthetic analogues used were a gastrin receptor antagonist (CR 1718), a somatostatin analogue (RC-160) and a bombesin receptor antagonist (ICI 216,140). Cell proliferation was assessed by the [75Se]selenomethionine uptake method which has been shown to correlate with cell counts. The effect of each hormone or growth factor on growth was expressed as a percentage of the untreated control. There were 5 replicates in each experiment, and each one was repeated at least 3 times. In vitro growth of both cell lines was unaffected by gastrin, bombesin or the respective antagonists (CR1718 and ICI 216140). The somatostatin analogue RC-160 also had no effect on basal growth. Significant growth stimulation of both MiaPaCa2 and PANI was seen with epidermal growth factor. We tested the hypothesis that somatostatin analogues may inhibit EGF-stimulated growth on both MiaPaCa2, a somatostatin receptor positive cell line, and on PANI which is negative for somatostatin receptors. RC-160 did not inhibit EGF-stimulated growth of either MiaPaCA2 or PANI. Both cell lines were established in vivo as xenografts in nude mice. The effect of RC-160 on tumour growth was measured. RC-160 inhibited the growth of MiaPaCa2, the somatostatin receptor-positive cell line, but not of PANI.
Broadband linearisation of high-efficiency power amplifiers (1993)

A feedforward-based amplifier linearization technique is presented which is capable of yielding significant improvements in both linearity and power efficiency over conventional amplifier classes (e.g. class-A or class-AB). Theoretical and practical results are presented showing that class-C stages may be used for both the main and error amplifiers yielding practical efficiencies well in excess of 30 percent, with theoretical efficiencies of much greater than 40 percent being possible. The levels of linearity which may be achieved are required for most satellite systems, however if greater linearity is required, the technique may be used in addition to conventional pre-distortion techniques.
Thinking about Availability in Large Service Infrastructures (2017)

research-article Open Access Share on Thinking about Availability in Large Service Infrastructures Authors: Jeffrey C. Mogul Google Inc., Mountain View, CA Google Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile , Rebecca Isaacs Google Inc., Mountain View, CA Google Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile , Brent Welch Google Inc., Mountain View, CA Google Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims HotOS '17: Proceedings of the 16th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating SystemsMay 2017 Pages 12–17https://doi.org/10.1145/3102980.3102983Published:07 May 2017Publication History 15citation1,266DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads1,266Last 12 Months122Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
β-Sheet propensity and its correlation withparameters based on conformation (2000)

The dispersion of the main-chain and side-chain conformations in the phi, psi, chi(1) space for all residues have been estimated in terms of three parameters corresponding to the entropy (S) of the distribution, the volume (D(V)) and the area (D(A)) the points are enclosed in. These parameters are inversely correlated with Chou and Fasman beta-sheet propensities, P(beta) (Gly and Pro excluded), suggesting that residues with greater dispersion in the conformational space are weak beta-sheet formers. It was also found that different residues have different relative populations in the bridging region (intervening between the helical and beta-sheet regions) which may lie on the pathway for interconversion between alpha and beta conformations. The energy barrier for this transformation, as obtained from the population of residues in the bridging region relative to the beta region, is directly correlated to P(beta). Residues with high P(beta) have branched side chains, which have greater steric interactions with the main-chain atoms resulting in a shrinking of the available conformational space (first correlation) and a steeper energy gradient beyond the allowed space (second correlation) compared with linear residues. It is proposed that if residues exist in an extended conformation when the polypeptide chain is synthesized, a stretch of residues with high P(beta), because of the high energy barrier for their conversion into the alpha conformation, will continue to remain in the extended conformation and will ultimately constitute a beta-strand in the folded structure.
Unexpected short- and medium-range atomic structure of sputtered amorphous silicon upon thermal annealing (2011)

We investigate the structure of magnetron-sputtered (MS) amorphous silicon (a-Si) prepared under standard deposition conditions and compare this to pure ion-implanted (II) a-Si. The structure of both films is characterized in their as-prepared and thermally annealed states. Significant differences are observed in short- and medium-range order following thermal annealing. Whereas II a-Si undergoes structural relaxation toward a continuous random network, MS a-Si exhibits little change. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveals the presence of nanopores in the MS film consistent with reduced mass-density. Therefore, the short- and medium-range order of annealed, MS a-Si is tentatively attributed to these pores.
Progressive Decrease in Serum Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin from Infancy to Late Prepuberty in Boys (1986)

Serum Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and affinity constant (Ka) of SHBG-dihydrotestosterone association were determined in 91 boys, aged 3 months to 15 yr, all at Tanner stage I of pubertal development. A gradual decrease in serum SHBG as a function of age was found in spite of unchanged serum testosterone levels. Ka values at different ages were not significantly different. Since steroids bound to SHBG are not transported into most tissues, particularly brain, a decrease in SHBG will have the effect of increasing tissue entrance of non-SHBG-bound sex hormones despite unchanged plasma concentrations. We speculate that the gradually increasing androgen and estrogen milieu of the brain created by this mechanism might be of physiological significance in triggering the onset of puberty.
Balanced Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Health Benefits. (2001)

The fat intake pattern of Japanese that was estimated from the annual report of national nutrition survey was introduced as a comprehensive model for a healthy way of eating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The n-6/n-3 ratio of 4 and the polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio of 1 in the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of fat for Japanese that was announced in 2000 essentially reflects a relatively high value of these ratios in our dietary habit. This review stresses the advantage of Japanese way of eating, in which moderate eating is indispensable, for health benefits.
Morphological and antigenic relationships between viruses (rotaviruses) from acute gastroenteritis of children, calves, piglets, mice, and foals (1976)

The reovirus-like particles present in the feces of young pigs and foals with acute enteritis and the virus causing epizootic diarrhea of infant mice were found to be indistinguishable morphologically from each other, from the South African SA. 11 and "O" viruses, and from the rotaviruses of children and calves. The inner capsid layer of each of these viruses reacted seriologically with sera of children, calves, mice, piglets, and foals convalescent from infection with their respective rotaviruses. These sera reacted by immunofluorescence with human, bovine, porcine, and murine rotaviruses, SA.11, and "O" viruses in tissue cultures and with human bovine, procine, nad murine viral antigens by complement fixation and gel diffusion. However, the antisera differed in their ability to react serologically with the outer capsid layer of the viruses investigated and in their ability to neutralize tissue culture-adapted calf virus. These two tests may demonstrate strain or host specificity among rotaviruses. Since the porcine, murine, and equine viruses are closely related serologically to and are morphologically identical to the human and bovine viruses, they should be included in the group of viruses for which the term "rotavirus" has been suggested. All known members of this proposed group of viruses share a common antigen, probably situated within the inner capsid layer; thus, any one of the viruses may be used for the preparation of antigen or antibody for diagnostic tests, and this will aid in the diagnosis of virus infection in those species from which a rotavirus has not been cultured.
L-probe proximity fed U-slot patch antenna (1998)

The design and measured results of a rectangular U-slot patch antenna proximity fed by an L-shaped probe are described. Using a foam layer of thickness ~7% wavelength as a supporting substrate, an impedance bandwidth of 42.7% and a gain of 6.7 dBi has been achieved. The radiation patterns obtained are stable across the passband.
Noncanonical transcript forms in yeast and their regulation during environmental stress (2010)

Surveys of transcription in many organisms have observed widespread expression of RNAs with no known function, encoded within and between canonical coding genes. The search to distinguish functional RNAs from transcriptional noise represents one of the great challenges in genomic biology. Here we report a next-generation sequencing technique designed to facilitate the inference of function of uncharacterized transcript forms by improving their coverage in sequencing libraries, in parallel with the detection of canonical mRNAs. We piloted this protocol, which is based on the capture of 3' ends of polyadenylated RNAs, in budding yeast. Analysis of transcript ends in coding regions uncovered hundreds of alternative-length coding forms, which harbored a unique sequence motif and showed signatures of regulatory function in particular gene categories; independent single-gene measurements confirmed the differential regulation of short coding forms during heat shock. In addition, our 3'-end RNA-seq method applied to wild-type strains detected putative noncoding transcripts previously reported only in RNA surveillance mutants, and many such transcripts showed differential expression in yeast cultures grown under chemical stress. Our results underscore the power of the 3'-end protocol to improve detection of noncanonical transcript forms in a sequencing experiment of standard depth, and our findings strongly suggest that many unannotated, polyadenylated RNAs may have as yet uncharacterized regulatory functions.
Isolation of radial glial cells by fluorescent-activated cell sorting reveals a neuronal lineage (2000)

The developing central nervous system of vertebrates contains an abundant cell type designated radial glial cells. These cells are known as guiding cables for migrating neurons, while their role as precursor cells is less clear. Since radial glial cells express a variety of astroglial characteristics and differentiate as astrocytes after completing their guidance function, they have been considered as part of the glial lineage. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we show here that radial glial cells also are neuronal precursors and only later, after neurogenesis, do they shift towards an exclusive generation of astrocytes. These results thus demonstrate a novel function for radial glial cells, namely their ability to generate two major cell types found in the nervous system, neurons and astrocytes.
Processing the new world of interactive media (1998)

Trimedia is a family of programmable multimedia processors from the Trimedia product group of Philips Semiconductors. This architecture is based upon a high-performances VLIW CPU core. TM-1000 is the first product from a family of multimedia processors based upon the Trimedia architecture. TM-1000 is designed to concurrently process video, audio, graphics, and communication data. TM-1000 consists of a high-performance VLIW-based CPU core, large instruction and data caches, main memory interface, and video, audio and communication related peripherals. TM-1000 is a multimedia system on a chip: high-quality video and audio applications can be implemented in TM-1000 using high-level languages such as "C" and "C++". The authors mainly focus on the VLIW CPU architecture.
Improved list-decoding for Reed-Muller codes as generalized multiple concatenated (GMC) codes (2002)

We present a new list-decoding algorithm for Reed-Muller (RM) codes based on the GMC decoding algorithm proposed previously. As a result, a SDML decoding algorithm for the 1st order RM codes is obtained. Furthermore, simulations showed that for RM codes of higher order and up to a length 1024, the performance of L-GMC decoding is more than 1 dB superior to conventional GMC decoding.
Molecular cloning of the human hepatitis C virus genome from Japanese patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis. (1990)

The nucleotide sequence of the Japanese type of hepatitis C virus (HCV-J) genome, consisting of 9413 nucleotides, was determined by analyses of cDNA clones from plasma specimens from Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis. HCV-J genome contains a long open reading frame that can encode a sequence of 3010 amino acid residues. Comparison of HCV-J with the American isolate of HCV showed 22.6% difference in nucleotide sequence and 15.1% difference in amino acid sequence. Thus HCV-J and the American isolate of HCV are probably different subtypes of HCV. The relationship of HCV-J with other animal RNA virus families and the putative organization of the HCV-J genome are discussed.
The Evolution of Prokaryotes: Does Sex Matter? (1990)

▪ Abstract The literature on effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity is huge. It is also very diverse, with different authors measuring fragmentation in different ways and, as a consequence, drawing different conclusions regarding both the ...Read More
The era of genomics: Impact on sepsis clinical trial design (2002)

In the future, technologies such as gene chip array will enhance genetic medicine and provide novel insights into a patient's susceptibility to disease, enabling a better assessment of prognostic risk factors, quicker diagnosis, and accurate prediction of individual responsiveness to drugs. The predictable consequences of such an approach on the prevention and treatment of diseases could revolutionize medicine.
A Monomeric GTPase-Negative MxA Mutant with Antiviral Activity (2000)

MxA is a large, interferon-induced GTPase with antiviral activity against RNA viruses. It forms large oligomers, but whether oligomerization and GTPase activity are important for antiviral function is not known. The mutant protein MxA(L612K) carries a lysine-for-leucine substitution at position 612 and fails to form oligomers. Here we show that monomeric MxA(L612K) lacks detectable GTPase activity but is capable of inhibiting Thogoto virus in transiently transfected Vero cells or in a Thogoto virus minireplicon system. Likewise, MxA(L612K) inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus multiplication. These findings indicate that MxA monomers are antivirally active and suggest that GTP hydrolysis may not be required for antiviral activity. MxA(L612K) is rapidly degraded in cells, whereas wild-type MxA is stable. We propose that high-molecular-weight MxA oligomers represent a stable intracellular pool from which active MxA monomers are recruited.
Intraocular Lens Power Calculation After Laser In Situ Keratomileusis for Myopia and Hyperopia (2001)

The pre-LASIK refraction can be used theoretically to determine an accurate IOL power.
Prostaglandin F2α Represses IGF-I-Stimulated IRS1/Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/AKT Signaling in the Corpus Luteum: Role of ERK and P70 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (2010)

Little is known about the early intracellular events that contribute to corpus luteum regression. Experiments were designed to determine the effects of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in the corpus luteum in vivo and in vitro. Treatment of midluteal-phase cows with a luteolytic dose of PGF2alpha resulted in a rapid increase in ERK and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K1) signaling and a rapid suppression of Akt phosphorylation in luteal tissue. In vitro treatment of primary cultures of luteal cells with PGF2alpha also resulted in an increase in ERK and mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling and a diminished capacity of IGF-I to stimulate PI3K, Akt, and protein kinase C zeta activation. Accounting for the reductions in PI3K and Akt activation observed in response to PGF2alpha treatment, we found that PGF2alpha promoted the phosphorylation of serine residues (307, 612, 636) in the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) peptide sequence in vivo and in vitro. Serine phosphorylation of IRS1 was associated with reduced formation of IGF-I-stimulated IRS1/PI3Kp85 complexes. Furthermore, treatment with inhibitors of the MAPK kinase 1/ERK or mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathways prevented PGF2alpha-induced serine phosphorylation of IRS1 and abrogated the inhibitory actions of PGF2alpha on Akt activation. Taken together, these experiments provide compelling evidence that PGF2alpha treatment stimulates IRS1 serine phosphorylation, which may contribute to a diminished capacity to respond to IGF-I. It seems likely that the rapid changes in phosphorylation events are among the early events that mediate PGF2alpha-induced corpus luteum regression.
Cell-Specific Induction of Apoptosis by Rationally Designed Bivalent Aptamer-siRNA Transcripts Silencing Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (2008)

New strategies for cell type-specific delivery need to be developed if RNA interference is to realize its full therapeutic potential. One possible approach is the use of aptamers to deliver siRNAs selectively to tumor cells with appropriate antigens displayed on the surface. We used an aptamer that binds specifically to PSMA, a cell surface glycoprotein found in abundance on prostate cancer cells, and joined its 3' end to a siRNA specific for Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 mRNA (EEF2). This is an attractive target for cancer therapy because inhibiting EEF2 causes the rapid arrest of protein synthesis, inducing apoptosis and leading ultimately to cell death. In order to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the aptamer-siRNA, we increased the valency of the construct by rational design. Two anti-PSMA aptamers were designed such that each binding sequence could fold independently into its active conformation. Here we show specific cytotoxicity resulting from siRNA-induced silencing of EEF2, as well as specific delivery to PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells. Increasing the valency of the aptamer resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the monovalent constructs. The results presented here demonstrate the usefulness of multivalent aptamer-based delivery vehicles for siRNA therapeutics.
Complement Factor H Autoantibodies Are Associated with Early Stage NSCLC (2010)

These findings suggest that in patients with NSCLC, CFH autoantibody is a molecular marker associated with early-stage disease.
MOLECULAR CHAPERONE FUNCTIONS OF HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS (1993)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More