gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharide-mediated protection against abscess formation in experimental intra-abdominal sepsis. (1995)

Abscess formation is a major complication of intra-abdominal sepsis that causes significant morbidity and mortality. In such cases, Bacteroides fragilis is the predominant anaerobic isolate. In a rat model of intra-abdominal sepsis, the capsular polysaccharide complex (CPC) from B. fragilis promotes abscess formation and when administered sub-cutaneously, protects against this host response by a T cell-dependent immune mechanism. In the present study, the polysaccharide A (PS A) component of CPC protected animals against challenge with live heterologous bacterial species (mixtures of anaerobes and facultative organisms) that are most commonly isolated from intra-abdominal abscesses in humans. Protection against heterologous bacterial challenge was transferred by T cells. Administration of PS A shortly before or even after challenge with B. fragilis protected against this host response. In experiments designed to simulate fecal contamination of the human peritoneal cavity, PS A protected animals against abscess formation induced by a rat cecal contents inoculum. The surprisingly broad protective activity of PS A indicates that this molecule is likely suppressing a nonspecific host tissue reaction that forms in response to a variety of abscess-inducing organisms and that it might be useful in preventing abscess formation associated with intra-abdominal sepsis in the clinical setting.
Facial feature detection by saccadic exploration of the Gabor decomposition (2002)

The Gabor decomposition is a ubiquitous tool in computer vision. Nevertheless, it is generally considered computationally demanding for active vision applications. We suggest an attention-driven approach to feature detection inspired by the human saccadic system. A dramatic speedup is achieved by computing the Gabor decomposition only on the points of a sparse retinotopic grid. An application to eye detection is presented. Also, a real-time head detection and tracking system based on our approach is briefly discussed. The system features a novel eyeball-mounted camera designed to mimic the dynamic performance of the human eye and is, to the best of our knowledge, the first example of active vision system based on the Gabor decomposition.
SOC 민자사업과 프로젝트 파이낸싱의 효율적 결합방안에 관한 연구 (2000)

SOC 민자사업의 성공을 위해서는 사업시행자의 원활한 자금조달이 필수적인데, 이를 위해서는 국내외의 다양한 재원을 통한 효율적인 프로젝트 파이낸싱이 수반되어야 한다. 본 연구는 SOC 민자사업의 개요 및 현황을 살펴보고 새로운 민간투자법 체제에서 변화된 프로젝트 파이낸싱 환경을 구 민자유치법 체제와 비교.분석한다. 현체제에서도 남아있는 문제점들을 어떻게 개선하여 프로젝트 파이낸싱과 민자사업을 효율적으로 결합시킬 수 있는가에 대한 대안도 제시한다.
A core based comparison of the reaction characteristics of emulsified and in-situ gelled acids in low permeability, high temperature, gas bearing carbonates (2001)

Abstract There are a number of acid formulations that will generate deeply penetrating wormholes in carbonate formations. Two of the most recent advances are diesel emulsified acid (DEA) and self-diverting polymer/HCl (in-situ gelled acid, or GA). The acid volumes required for propagation of the wormholes, as well as the characteristics of the wormholes are significantly different in each of these formulations. Two different service company implementations of GA, and one inhouse developed DEA formulation were evaluated for stimulation of a high temperature (250°F, 121°C), low permeability Saudi Arabian gas and gas condensate producing carbonate. In this paper, the reaction characteristics of DEA were compared to GA formulations using reservoir condition core floods. The characteristics of the acids that were compared included wormhole propagation rates, volumes of carbonate consumed by the acids, wormhole geometric characteristics, and pressure response during injection. Since the acid formulations called for 28 percent HCl acid concentrations, high temperature stability and corrosion control chemicals of the packages were evaluated. The core study found that the GA formulations enhanced the permeability of core samples significantly more then the emulsified acid. The DEA was the more stable of the acid formulations at 250°F. Both of the GA formulations showed some degree of separation of the corrosion control components at reservoir temperature. The GA was found to require larger volumes of acid to achieve an equivalent penetration distance versus the DEA, and logically, the GA dissolved a larger volume of rock per volume of acid injected. The DEA has a higher rate of wormhole propagation and the DEA leaves no residual material in the generated wormholes. The GA left a residuum of polymeric material in the wormholes even after high rate injection condensate. Iron precipitation was noted on both the core injection and production faces with all of the acids after spending. The two acids types showed individual characteristics that can be applied to acid frac applications, but full understanding of the behavior of each, tested with specific reservoir core is required for a correct acid selection to be made. In specific applications, both acid types can be combined in a multiple stage treatment to result in significant enhancement of acid frac simulations.
Different measures of “genome-wide” DNA methylation exhibit unique properties in placental and somatic tissues (2012)

DNA methylation of CpGs located in two types of repetitive elements-LINE1 (L1) and Alu-is used to assess "global" changes in DNA methylation in studies of human disease and environmental exposure. L1 and Alu contribute close to 30% of all base pairs in the human genome and transposition of repetitive elements is repressed through DNA methylation. Few studies have investigated whether repetitive element DNA methylation is associated with DNA methylation at other genomic regions, or the biological and technical factors that influence potential associations. Here, we assess L1 and Alu DNA methylation by Pyrosequencing of consensus sequences and using subsets of probes included in the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChip array. We show that evolutionary age and assay method affect the assessment of repetitive element DNA methylation. Additionally, we compare Pyrosequencing results for repetitive elements to average DNA methylation of CpG islands, as assessed by array probes classified into strong, weak and non-islands. We demonstrate that each of these dispersed sequences exhibits different patterns of tissue-specific DNA methylation. Correlation of DNA methylation suggests an association between L1 and weak CpG island DNA methylation in some of the tissues examined. We caution, however, that L1, Alu and CpG island DNA methylation are distinct measures of dispersed DNA methylation and one should not be used in lieu of another. Analysis of DNA methylation data is complex and assays may be influenced by environment and pathology in different or complementary ways.
The complete nucleotide sequence of the potexvirus white clover mosaic virus (1988)

The complete nucleotide sequence (5845 nucleotides) of the genomic RNA of the potexvirus white clover mosaic virus (WC1MV) has been determined from a set of overlapping cDNA clones. Forty of the most 5'-terminal nucleotides of WC1MV showed homology to the 5' sequences of other potexviruses. The genome contained five open reading frames which coded for proteins of Mr 147, 417, Mr 26,356, Mr 12,989, Mr 7,219 and Mr 20,684 (the coat protein). The Mr 147,417 protein had domains of amino acid sequence homology with putative polymerases of other RNA viruses. The Mr 26,356 and Mr 12,989 proteins had homology with proteins of the hordeivirus barley stripe mosaic virus RNA beta and the furovirus beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) RNA-2. A portion of the Mr 26,356 protein was also conserved in the cylindrical inclusion proteins of two potyviruses. The Mr 7,219 protein had homology with the 25K putative fungal transmission factor of BNYVV RNA-3.
Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy to Reconstruct Three-Dimensional Tissue Nanostructure (2004)

Three-dimensional (3D) structural information on many length scales is of central importance in biological research. Excellent methods exist to obtain structures of molecules at atomic, organelles at electron microscopic, and tissue at light-microscopic resolution. A gap exists, however, when 3D tissue structure needs to be reconstructed over hundreds of micrometers with a resolution sufficient to follow the thinnest cellular processes and to identify small organelles such as synaptic vesicles. Such 3D data are, however, essential to understand cellular networks that, particularly in the nervous system, need to be completely reconstructed throughout a substantial spatial volume. Here we demonstrate that datasets meeting these requirements can be obtained by automated block-face imaging combined with serial sectioning inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope. Backscattering contrast is used to visualize the heavy-metal staining of tissue prepared using techniques that are routine for transmission electron microscopy. Low-vacuum (20-60 Pa H(2)O) conditions prevent charging of the uncoated block face. The resolution is sufficient to trace even the thinnest axons and to identify synapses. Stacks of several hundred sections, 50-70 nm thick, have been obtained at a lateral position jitter of typically under 10 nm. This opens the possibility of automatically obtaining the electron-microscope-level 3D datasets needed to completely reconstruct the connectivity of neuronal circuits.
Natural quantum reservoir computing for temporal information processing (2022)

Reservoir computing is a temporal information processing system that exploits artificial or physical dissipative dynamics to learn a dynamical system and generate the target time-series. This paper proposes the use of real superconducting quantum computing devices as the reservoir, where the dissipative property is served by the natural noise added to the quantum bits. The performance of this natural quantum reservoir is demonstrated in a benchmark time-series regression problem and a practical problem classifying different objects based on temporal sensor data. In both cases the proposed reservoir computer shows a higher performance than a linear regression or classification model. The results indicate that a noisy quantum device potentially functions as a reservoir computer, and notably, the quantum noise, which is undesirable in the conventional quantum computation, can be used as a rich computation resource.
Beta-phenylethylamine: a specific substrate for type B monoamine oxidase of brain. (1973)

β-Phenylethylamine and serotonin were oxidatively deaminated by separate forms of monoamine oxidase of rat brain wimen studied in vitro . These forms, designated as type A and type B enzyme, have different characteristics. For example, type A enzyme deaminated serotonin, was sensitive to the drug clorgyline, was resistant to the drug deprenyl and was heat-stable. In contrast, type B enzyme deaminated β-phenylethylamine, was resistant to clorgyline, was sensitive to deprenyl and was heat-labile. Moreover, type A and type B enzyme activities could be partially separated by centrifugation on a continuous sucrose gradient. β-Phenylethylamine and serotonin are present in mammalian brain. We conclude from our studies that the amines of brain may be cataboblized by specific types of monoamine oxidase in vivo .
Antimitotic Activity of Gossypol and Gossypolone (2001)

Gossypol (8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'- hexahydroxy, 5,5'-diisopropyl, 3,3'-dimethyl, 2,2'- binaphthalene) was isolated from root bark of Gossypium barbadense L. var. Giza 86. Its 1,4-binaphthoquinone derivative, gossypolone, was prepared by oxidation of gossypol with FeCl 3 in acetic acid/acetone. The structures of gossypol and gossypolone were confirmed by physical and spectral data. Their antimitotic activity on Allium cepa L. root tips was investigated. The mitotic rate was markedly decreased after 3, 6 and 24 hr of incubation with 500, 250 and 125 ppm gossypol, respectively. With gossypolone, the decrease in mitotic rate was noticed after 6, 12 and 24 hr incubation with 500, 250 and 125 ppm, respectively. The decrease was irreversible in root tips incubated with 500 and 250 ppm gossypol or gossypolone. On the other hand, root tips incubated with 125 ppm gossypol or gossypolone regained normal mitotic activity after postincubation in water. Both gossypol and gossypolone markedly decreased the growth rate of Allium cepa L. bulbs in a dose-dependent manner. This assay may be used as an easy and inexpensive method to evaluate the antimitotic potential of agents that could be useful for the treatment of cancer.
Microsomal cytochrome P-450 from neonatal pig testis. Purification and properties of A C21 steroid side-chain cleavage system (17 alpha-hydroxylase-C17,20 lyase). (1981)

A cytochrome P-450 from neonatal pig testicular microsomes was purified to homogeneity as judged by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and by double diffusion on agar against antiserum raised in rabbits against the protein. The enzyme shows both 17 alpha-hydroxylase (Vmax = 4.6 nmol of product/min/nmol of P-450, Km = 1.5 microM) and C17,20 lyase (Vmax = 2.6 nmol of product/min/nmol of P-450, Km = 2.4 microM) activities. Both activities require NADPH and a flavoprotein P-450 reductase; microsomal P-450 reductase from pig and rat livers was used in these studies. The enzyme possesses a single subunit of molecular weight 59,000 +/- 1,000 as determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide with sodium dodecyl sulfate and by chromatography on sodium dodecyl sulfate-Sephadex. The enzyme is a glycoprotein and contains 8 nmol of heme/mg of protein and 40 nmol of phospholipid/mg of protein. All heme detected by pyridine hemochromogen is accounted for as P-450 by difference spectroscopy of the reduced P-450.carbon monoxide complex. This complex shows an absorbance maximum at 448 nm with no evidence of P-420. These studies raise the possibility that one microsomal protein (cytochrome P-450) may possess two enzymatic activities (hydroxylase and lyase).
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury: Pathogenic mechanisms and basis for hepatoprotection (2003)

This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms underlying reperfusion injury to the liver after warm hepatic ischemia. Sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes are targets of injury in the early 'cytotoxic' phase, although participation of apoptosis in the cell-death process remains contentious. Kupffer cells may play an important role as the initial cytotoxic cell type and are likely a source of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory mediators, particularly tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The latter are involved with subsequent neutrophil activation and recruitment. Microcirculatory disruption results from an imbalance between the actions of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, such as nitric oxide, and also has a major impact on reperfusion injury. There is growing evidence that a brief prior ischemia-reperfusion period, termed 'ischemic preconditioning', is hepatoprotective. This can be mimicked by drugs that produce oxidative stress, and by interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha; both these cytokines are involved with priming hepatocytes to enter the cell cycle. Several mechanisms have been implicated including mobilization of adenosine and activation of adenosine type 2 receptors, nitric oxide, abrogation of TNF synthesis, preservation of energy metabolism, protection of the microcirculation and accelerated cell-cycle entry. A better understanding of preconditioning mechanisms will lead to novel approaches to improve outcomes of liver surgery.
Characterization of the herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17+ neurovirulence gene RL1 and its expression in a bacterial system (1994)

The DNA sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strain 17+ in the region coding for the polypeptide ICP34.5 predicts a protein of 248 amino acids with a proposed M(r) of 26,158. The entire RL1 open reading frame was cloned into the expression vector pET8c to enable over-expression of ICP34.5 in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein was partially purified and used as an immunogen to produce a polyclonal antiserum in rabbits. Construction of an ICP34.5 null mutant (1771), demonstrated that the predicted open reading frame for ICP34.5 in strain 17+ is correct and confirmed that HSV-1 strain 17+ ICP34.5 specifically determines neurovirulence. The specificity of the anti-serum directed against the E. coli-expressed ICP34.5 was defined by Western blotting of wild-type and RL1-negative infected cell extracts.
Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases (1993)

Immunotherapy (IT) of IgE-mediated diseases has been used since its first description in 1911. This therapy has been used in patients with inhalant allergy and insect venom sensitivity. Unfortunately, IT suffers from the crudeness of the allergy extracts and the inability to define allergenic epitopes. Moreover, this form of IT has been increasingly questioned because of improvements in pharmacotherapy and the risks of untoward reactions. These untoward reactions even include anaphylaxis and death. Despite this criticism, there are increasing data on the efficacy of immunotherapy and considerable research is underway to improve the risk-benefit ratio of treatment. Other approaches directed at inhibiting the sequential events of both the afferent and efferent limbs of allergic reactions are in progress. This involves specific alterations of target cells, i.e., mast cells and basophils. Moreover, the development of recombinant allergens and the precise definition of the binding site of IgE will further promote research and development of new means of IT. Gene targeting therapy may follow, directed at T cells specific for allergen epitope(s) or IgE binding sites. The future holds great promise and excitement.
Hip Dysplasia in Hurler's Syndrome: Orthopaedic Management After Bone Marrow Transplantation (1996)

Summary Hurler's syndrome is an autosomal recessive metabolic storage disease with distinct skeletal manifestations, which include progressive hip dislocation. Enzyme-replacement therapy by bone marrow transplantation improves life expectancy but does not prevent hip dislocation. We describe the features of hip dysplasia in a series of eight successfully engrafted patients with Hurler's syndrome. The primary pathologic condition appears to be a failure of ossification of the cartilaginous acetabulum. Five patients underwent bilateral hip-containment surgery, and all operated-on hips were reduced at a mean follow-up of 17 months. Innominate osteotomy would appear to be an essentail part of the surgical procedure.
Protein Sorting to the Storage Vacuoles of Plants: A Critical Appraisal (2005)

The vacuole of plant cells is no longer considered to be a single compartment with multifunctional properties. A lot of evidence now points to the presence of multiple functionally distinct vacuolar compartments, some existing side by side in the same cell. As a consequence, the plant Golgi apparatus is faced with the problem of recognizing proteins destined for lytic and storage vacuoles and segregating them individually from the flow of secretory proteins to the cell surface. In contrast to acid hydrolases, which are sorted by BP-80-like receptors at the trans-Golgi of plant cells, the identification of receptors for storage proteins has in many ways resembled 'the search for the Holy Grail'. There are several candidates for storage protein receptors, but in no single case is the evidence entirely convincing. Much of the problem lies in the lack of consensus, sorting sequences in the proteins investigated. Other difficulties stem from 'out-of-context' heterologous expression studies. Evidence is now accumulating for the participation of hydrophobic sequences in inducing the formation of protein aggregates in the early Golgi apparatus, for which classical sorting receptors do not appear to be necessary. This review critically examines the current situation and contrasts the differences between data obtained in situ and data obtained transgenically. It highlights the so-called 'dense-vesicle' pathway and culminates with a discussion on the hitherto neglected problem of the intracellular transport of storage protein processing enzymes.
The prognostic significance of histopathologic subtyping of small cell carcinoma of the lung according to the classification of the world health organization. A study of 375 consecutive patients (1983)

Three hundred seventy-five consecutive patients treated with intensive chemotherapy in the same institution are included in this study in order to evaluate the prognostic significance of the World Health Organization's (WHO) subclassification of small cell lung cancer. Morphologic subtyping, based on primary biopsy specimens, was obtained in 200 patients. Oat cell type was diagnosed in 106 patients (53%), while intermediate subtype was diagnosed in 93 patients (47%), including 27 patients (14%) with small cell/large cell morphologic features. One patient had combined oat cell type. No difference in survival period was observed between the group of patients classified as oat cell versus the group with intermediate subtype. However, a significantly shorter survival period was demonstrated for patients with small cell/large cell features compared with patients with pure small cell carcinoma (median 168 days versus 280 days, P less than 0.01). It is concluded that there is no difference in survival period between patients with oat cell and intermediate subtype of small cell lung cancer using the criteria of the WHO. However, it might be of prognostic importance to identify patients with tumors demonstrating small cell/large cell features.
Accelerated Discovery of Synthetic Transfection Vectors:  Parallel Synthesis and Screening of a Degradable Polymer Library (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAccelerated Discovery of Synthetic Transfection Vectors: Parallel Synthesis and Screening of a Degradable Polymer LibraryDavid M. Lynn, Daniel G. Anderson, David Putnam, and Robert LangerView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 33, 8155–8156Publication Date (Web):July 27, 2001Publication History Received27 May 2001Revised25 June 2001Published online27 July 2001Published inissue 1 August 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja016288phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja016288prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3980Altmetric-Citations343LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Assays,Gene delivery,Genetics,Monomers,Polymers Get e-Alerts