gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN TRANSPLANTED MOUSE HEARTS (1995)

Atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries of transplanted mouse hearts manifest high expression of ICAM-1 (CD54), especially on endothelial surfaces, and of LFA-1 (CD11a) on migratory mononuclear cells. The possible participation of cellular adhesion systems in the evolution of these complex lesions was suggested by the increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and also by our previous studies with this experimental system. In our studies, we have found that administration of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to gamma-interferon will greatly suppress coronary changes, and gamma-interferon is known to stimulate the formation of these adhesion molecules. The present experiments were to evaluate how administration to murine heart transplant recipients of mAbs against ICAM-1, LFA-1, or both affected the development of coronary atherosclerosis. It was found that treatment with either mAb alone did not alter the severity of coronary atherosclerosis, but that both mAbs given together can significantly suppress lesion formation at 30 days compared with controls (P < 0.044). Continuing treatment was even more effective when extended to 60 days (P < 0.003). The mAbs to ICAM-1 and LFA-1 bound their targets in vivo (primarily endothelium and mononuclear cells, respectively), but complete, long-term saturation of combining sites was not attained, even with very high doses. No appreciable reduction in arterial endothelial ICAM-1 expression was evident. It is concluded that the ICAM-1/LFA-1 system is of central importance in the evolution of accelerated coronary atherosclerosis.
G-CSF Mobilised Progenitor Cells in Autologous Transplantation (1992)

G-CSF administration leads to significant elevation in the levels of circulating progenitor cells. Infusion of these cells after high-dose chemotherapy is associated with accelerated platelet engraftment that has a considerable impact in shortening thrombocytopenia and reducing need for platelet transfusions.
Role of Hedgehog Signaling in Ovarian Cancer (2008)

In brief, the constitutive low-level expression of PTCH1 contributes to proliferation and clonal growth of ovarian cancer cells by an aberrant HH signal. Because the HH pathway can be inhibited by specific inhibitors, these findings point toward possible new treatments to inhibit ovarian cancer growth.
Chemical Characterization of Wood Pyrolysis Oils Obtained in a Vacuum-Pyrolysis Multiple-Hearth Reactor (1988)

A multiple hearth reactor has been used to produce high yield of pyrolysis oil from aspen poplar. The Process Development Unit (P.D.U.) has the capability of achieving a fair fractionation of wood oils by using six heat exchangers (Primary Condensing Unit, P.C.U.) and a series of cooling trap receivers (Secondary Condensing Unit, S.C.U.) at the outlets of the reactor. While the weight average molecular weights (Mw) of the recovered compounds in the P.C.U. were 342, 528, 572, 393, 233 and 123 from top to bottom of the reactor, the low molecular weight compounds with Mw ≃ 100 or below were recovered in the S.C.U., which contained at least 90% of the total water. Silica-gel column chromatography enabled us to fractionate the oil from P.D.U. into fourteen fractions. Aromatic hydrocarbons were collected in Fraction 1 (F1) and F2 followed by elution of moderately polar compounds in F3 to F11 with about 23-35% of P.C.U. oil which can be fully characterized. 8.1% sugar in P.C.U., mainly glucose, was found in F13. Usefulness of 1H-FTNMR and infrared spectroscopy was shown for preliminary characterization of the F12, F13 and F14. Overall 27.89% of the P.C.U. including water and low molecular weight carboxylic acids have been measured and identified so far.
Taxol: A New Probe for Studying the Structure and Function of Microtubules (1982)

In 1971 Wall and his associates reported the isolation of taxol (Fig. 1) from the plant Taxus brevifolia. Its structure was elucidated, and its cytotoxicity against L1210, P388, and P1534 leukemia cells was documented (Wani et al, 1971; Wall and Wani 1977). When the National Cancer Institute began its evaluation of the antitumor activity and toxicity of taxol in experimental tumor systems, our laboratory initiated a study on the mechanism of action of this drug in tissue-culture systems and on in vitro microtubule assembly (Schiff et al, 1979). Our original interest in taxol was generated by its unique chemical structure: a taxane drivative with an oxetan ring. This ring system is rare in natural products, and its biological properties had not been previously studied (Della Casa de Marcano et al. 1975).
Fast collision detection scheme by recursive decomposition of a manipulator workspace (1986)

This paper explains a simple method for fast collision detection in manipulator tasks. We show from examples taken in the literature that solutions to this problem can be chosen among a continuum of schemes, according to the method selected for representing the workspace and the robot, and the amount of computations performed before testing a particular trajectory. We then describe a method based on a recursive decomposition of the workspace, also referred to as an octree model, as a good tradeoff for a class of applications.
Safety and Efficacy of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide-Assisted Psychotherapy for Anxiety Associated With Life-threatening Diseases (2014)

A double-blind, randomized, active placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted to examine safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-assisted psychotherapy in 12 patients with anxiety associated with life-threatening diseases. Treatment included drug-free psychotherapy sessions supplemented by two LSD-assisted psychotherapy sessions 2 to 3 weeks apart. The participants received either 200 μg of LSD (n = 8) or 20 μg of LSD with an open-label crossover to 200 μg of LSD after the initial blinded treatment was unmasked (n = 4). At the 2-month follow-up, positive trends were found via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in reductions in trait anxiety (p = 0.033) with an effect size of 1.1, and state anxiety was significantly reduced (p = 0.021) with an effect size of 1.2, with no acute or chronic adverse effects persisting beyond 1 day after treatment or treatment-related serious adverse events. STAI reductions were sustained for 12 months. These results indicate that when administered safely in a methodologically rigorous medically supervised psychotherapeutic setting, LSD can reduce anxiety, suggesting that larger controlled studies are warranted.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Regulation as a Target for Antiviral Chemotherapy (1999)

Inhibitors interfering with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene regulation may have great potential in anti-HIV drug (combination) therapy. They act against different targets to currently used anti-HIV drugs, reduce virus production from acute and chronically infected cells and are anticipated to elicit less virus drug resistance. Several agents have already proven to inhibit HIV gene regulation in vitro. A first class of compounds interacts with cellular factors that bind to the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter and that are needed for basal level transcription, such as NF-kappa B and Sp1 inhibitors. A second class of compounds specifically inhibits the transactivation of the HIV LTR promoter by the viral Tat protein, such as the peptoid CGP64222. A third class of compounds prevents the accumulation of single and unspliced mRNAs through inhibition of the viral regulator protein Rev, such as the aminoglycosidic antibiotics. Most of these compounds have been tested in specific transactivation assays. Whether they are active at the postulated target in virus replication assays has, for many of them, not been ascertained. Toxicity data are often lacking or insufficient. Yet these data are crucial in view of the toxicity that may be expected for compounds that primarily interact with cellular factors. Although a promising lead, considerable research is still required before gene regulation inhibitors may come of age as clinically useful agents.
BZR1 Is a Transcriptional Repressor with Dual Roles in Brassinosteroid Homeostasis and Growth Responses (2005)

Brassinosteroid (BR) homeostasis and signaling are crucial for normal growth and development of plants. BR signaling through cell-surface receptor kinases and intracellular components leads to dephosphorylation and accumulation of the nuclear protein BZR1. How BR signaling regulates gene expression, however, remains unknown. Here we show that BZR1 is a transcriptional repressor that has a previously unknown DNA binding domain and binds directly to the promoters of feedback-regulated BR biosynthetic genes. Microarray analyses identified additional potential targets of BZR1 and illustrated, together with physiological studies, that BZR1 coordinates BR homeostasis and signaling by playing dual roles in regulating BR biosynthesis and downstream growth responses.
Antibodies against citrullinated proteins enhance tissue injury in experimental autoimmune arthritis (2006)

Antibodies against citrullinated proteins are specific and predictive markers for rheumatoid arthritis although the pathologic relevance of these antibodies remains unclear. To investigate the significance of these autoantibodies, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice was used to establish an animal model of antibody reactivity to citrullinated proteins. DBA/1J mice were immunized with bovine type II collagen (CII) at days 0 and 21, and serum was collected every 7 days for analysis. Antibodies against both CII and cyclic citrullinated peptide, one such citrullinated antigen, appeared early after immunization, before joint swelling was observed. Further, these antibodies demonstrated specific binding to citrullinated filaggrin in rat esophagus by indirect immunofluorescence and citrullinated fibrinogen by Western blot. To evaluate the role of immune responses to citrullinated proteins in CIA, mice were tolerized with a citrulline-containing peptide, followed by antigen challenge with CII. Tolerized mice demonstrated significantly reduced disease severity and incidence compared with controls. We also identified novel murine monoclonal antibodies specific to citrullinated fibrinogen that enhanced arthritis when coadministered with a submaximal dose of anti-CII antibodies and bound targets within the inflamed synovium of mice with CIA. These results demonstrate that antibodies against citrullinated proteins are centrally involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis.
Low Temperature Silicon Selective Epitaxial Growth(SEG) and Phosphorous Doping in a Reduced-Pressure Pancake Reactor (1992)

Pancake reactors operated at low temperatures and reduced-pressures have been used for silicon selective epitaxial growth (SEG). In general, dichlorosilane (DCS) is the silicon source gas, hydrogen is the carrier gas, and HCl prevents the formation of polysilicon on the silicon dioxide. An investigation of growth rate, uniformity, and doping characteristics of SEG silicon grown at reduced pressures between 40 and 150 Torr and temperatures between 820°C and 1020°C in a pancake reactor is presented. The dependences of growth rates and uniformities on growth temperatures, pressures, and doping were studied. Improvement in thickness uniformity across the wafer was achieved by lowering the deposition temperature and pressure. In-situ phosphorus doping in the range of 1016-1018P atoms/cm3 was accomplished by introducing phosphine (PH3) gas into the reactor during epitaxial deposition. Doping concentration, which was determined by three different methods, increased with phosphine inject set point. Also, higher phosphorus concentrations were obtained at lower deposition temperatures and/or pressures. Diodes and bipolar transistors identically fabricated in undoped SEG and in bulk silicon were used to characterize the SEG material quality. Since average ideality factors, leakage currents, breakdown voltages, and current gains extracted from 970°C-40T SEG devices were similar to those of substrate devices, the material quality of the SEG deposited at 970°C and 40 torr was indicated to be as good as the bulk silicon.
The Alveolar Epithelium Determines Susceptibility to Lung Fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (2012)

We conclude that pulmonary fibrosis in naturally occurring HPS mice is driven by intracellular trafficking defects that lower the threshold for pulmonary epithelial apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate a pivotal role for the alveolar epithelium in the maintenance of alveolar homeostasis and regulation of alveolar macrophage activation.
Early Local Cytokine Profiles in Strains of Mice with Different Outcomes from Chlamydial Genital Tract Infection (2001)

In this study, we expand on the examination of genetically determined differences in host responses that correlate with clearance of Chlamydia trachomatis from the genital tract. We infected C57BL/6, BALB/c, and C3H/HeN mice with the mouse pneumonitis agent of C. trachomatis (MoPn). C57BL/6 mice had the shortest course of infection (22 days) and the lowest incidence of severe hydrosalpinx. BALB/c mice also had a short course of infection (25 days), but all developed hydrosalpinx. C3H/HeN mice had the longest course of infection (38 days), and all developed severe hydrosalpinx. Determination of local cytokine responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of genital tract secretions revealed that the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were significantly increased in the C57BL/6 and BALB/c strains compared to those in the C3H/HeN strain whereas the level of IL-6 was not different. The level of the neutrophil chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) was increased during the first week of infection in all three strains but was significantly higher in the BALB/c strain, the strain with the most rapid influx of neutrophils into the genital tract. Prolonged detection of MIP-2 in C3H/HeN mice was associated with a protracted presence of neutrophils in the genital tract. Early increases in the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta are associated with earlier eradication of infection in the C57BL/6 and BALB/c strains than in the C3H/HeN strain. Increased levels of MIP-2 and neutrophils in BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice relative to C57BL/6 mice suggest that these responses may contribute to pathology.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the VASO contrast mechanism (2006)

Vascular space occupancy (VASO)-dependent functional MRI (fMRI) is a blood-nulling technique capable of generating microvascular cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted images. It is shown that at high magnetic field (3.0T) and high spatial resolution (1.89 x 1.89 x 3 mm(3)), the VASO signal changes are too large (6-7%) to originate from CBV effects alone. Additional contributions are investigated theoretically and experimentally as a function of MRI parameters (TR and TE), as well as the signal-to-noise ratio, (SNR) and spatial resolution. First, it is found that an arterial spin labeling (ASL) contribution causes large negative VASO signal changes at short TR. Second, even at high fMRI spatial resolution, CSF volume contributions (7-13%) cause VASO signal changes to become more negative, most noticeably at long TR and TE. Third, white matter (WM) effects reduce signal changes at lower spatial resolution. The VASO technique has been tested using different stimulus paradigms and field strengths (1-3), giving results consistent with comparable tasks investigated using BOLD and cerebral blood flow (CBF)-based techniques. Finally, simulations show that a mixture of fresh and steady-state blood may significantly alter signal changes at short TR (< or =3 s), permitting larger VASO signal changes than expected under pure steady-state conditions. Thus, many competing effects contribute to VASO contrast and care should be taken during interpretation.
ULBP1, 2, 3: novel MHC class I-related molecules that bind to human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16, activate NK cells (2001)

New members of the extended MHC class I-like family were identified based on their ability to bind human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16 and/or their mutual homology. Soluble UL16 binding proteins (ULBP) competed with each other for binding to NK cells. Treatment of human and mouse NK cells with ULBP led to increased production of cytokines/chemokines, proliferation, cytotoxic activity and up-regulation of activation-associated surface molecules. The presence of ULBP during the stimulation phase of the CTL assay caused increased cytotoxic activity. Addition of soluble recombinant UL16 protein inhibited the biological activities mediated by ULBP, suggesting the existence of a novel mechanism utilized by CMV to evade elimination by the host immune system.
Pilus genes of Neisseria gonorrheae: chromosomal organization and DNA sequence. (1984)

We have mapped two regions of the Neisseria gonorrheae genome, pilE1 and pilE2, which are involved in pilus expression. When the cells are in the piliated P+ state, these two loci carry sequences necessary for pilin production. A silent locus, pilS1, also maps near pilE1 and pilE2. pilS1 contains structural gene information but lacks pilus promoter sequences. The pilus gene sequences in pilE1 and pilE2 are identical in strain MS11.
All- trans -Retinoic Acid Limits Restenosis After Balloon Angioplasty in the Focally Atherosclerotic Rabbit (2000)

All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) has potent in vitro effects on a number of processes involved in vascular injury and repair, such as modulating smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and inducing SMC differentiation, and may play an important role in the in vivo response to vascular injury. We hypothesized that atRA would limit restenosis after balloon angioplasty through SMC-modulated changes in plaque size and vessel geometry. Balloon angioplasty was performed on rabbits with focal femoral atherosclerosis randomized to treatment with atRA or saline. At 28 days after balloon angioplasty, minimal luminal diameter was significantly larger in the atRA group (1.24+/-0.17 versus 1.12+/-0.22 mm, P=0.02). Histomorphometry confirmed a larger lumen area (0.51+/-0.20 versus 0. 34+/-0.13 mm(2), P=0.004) in the atRA group, with no difference in absolute plaque area. Internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina areas were significantly larger in the atRA group (0.89+/-0. 27 versus 0.66+/-0.24 mm(2), P=0.001, and 1.29+/-0.38 versus 0. 98+/-0.32 mm(2), P=0.001, respectively). Vessel sections exhibited significantly more alpha-actin and desmin immunostaining (P=0.01) in the atRA-treated group. No differences in early cellular proliferation and collagen content were detected with the use of bromodeoxyuridine. In this atherosclerotic model of vascular injury, atRA limits restenosis after balloon angioplasty by effects secondary to overall vessel segment enlargement at the angioplasty site rather than by effects on plaque size or cellular proliferation. Increased alpha-actin and desmin immunostaining suggest a possible role for phenotypic modulation of SMCs in this favorable remodeling effect.
In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging Monitoring of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α, a Promoter That Protects Cells, in Response to Chemotherapy (2008)

We successfully monitored increased expression of a tumor protective protein in a noninvasive manner. Such monitoring may be a means of detection of resistance to therapy, and it may be possible to use the monitoring findings to alter treatment strategies in real time. The tumor microenvironment seen at immunohistochemical analysis supports the hypothesized mechanism that the cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy that attract macrophages, causing the release of macrophage-derived inducible nitric oxide synthase and production of HIF-1alpha under aerobic conditions, also underlie chemotherapy. Such noninvasive imaging may be a means to development of therapeutic strategies that prevent HIF-1 up-regulation after chemotherapy treatments.
Histamine Antagonists. II.1 Unsymmetrical 1,4-Disubstituted Piperazines (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHistamine Antagonists. II.1 Unsymmetrical 1,4-Disubstituted PiperazinesK. E. Hamlin, Arthur W. Weston, Francis E. Fischer, and R. J. MichaelsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 8, 2731–2734Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01176a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01176a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views448Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Defined dimensional alterations in enzyme substrates. Synthesis and enzymic evaluation of some lin-naphthopurines (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDefined dimensional alterations in enzyme substrates. Synthesis and enzymic evaluation of some lin-naphthopurinesKenneth P. Moder and Nelson J. LeonardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 9, 2613–2624Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00373a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00373a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts