gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Membrane Immobilization on Particle Formation and Trichloroethylene Dechlorination for Bimetallic Fe/Ni Nanoparticles in Cellulose Acetate Membranes (2007)

The use of membrane immobilization to carry out the batch dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) using bimetallic Fe/Ni (4:1, Fe to Ni) nanoparticles in cellulose acetate membranes is examined using modeling of transport phenomenon based on experimental results. Membranes are synthesized using both gelation and solvent evaporation techniques for phase inversion. The reduction of metal ions within cellulose acetate phase-inversion membranes was accomplished using sodium borohydride reduction to obtain up to 2 wt % total metals. Characterization of the mixed-matrix structure reveals a bimodal particle distribution ranging between 18 and 80 nm within the membrane cross section. The distribution is the result of changes in the morphology of the cellulose acetate support. The diffusivity and linear partitioning coefficient for the chlorinated organic were measured and are 2.0 x 10(-8) cm2.s-1 and 3.5 x 10(-2) L.g-1, respectively. An unsteady-state model for diffusion through a membrane with reaction was developed to predict experimental results with an error of only 7.2%. The error can be attributed to the lack of the model to account for loss of reactivity through pH effects, alloy effects (bimetallic ratio), and oxidation of nanoparticles. Simulations were run to vary the major transport variables, partitioning and diffusivity, and determine their impact on reaction kinetics. Of the two, diffusivity was less significant because it really only influences the time required for maximum TCE partitioning to the membrane to be achieved and has no effect on the limiting capacity of the membrane for TCE. Therefore, selection of an appropriate support material is crucial for development of highly reactive mixed-matrix membrane systems.
The effects of interfacial sub-oxide transition regions and monolayer level nitridation on tunneling currents in silicon devices (2000)

Direct tunneling (D-T) in Si metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices having 1.8 to 3 nm thick gate oxides is reduced approximately tenfold by monolayer Si-dielectric interface nitridation with respect to devices with nonnitrided interfaces. The reduction is independent of gate oxide-equivalent thickness, and gate or substrate injection, and extends into the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling (F-N-T) regime for thicker oxides as well. A barrier layer model, including sub-oxide transition regions, has been developed for the interface electronic structure for tunneling calculations using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. These calculations provide a quantitative explanation for the observed tunneling current reductions.
Maximum-likelihood sequence estimation of digital sequences in the presence of intersymbol interference (1972)

A maximum-likelihood sequence estimator for a digital pulse-amplitude-modulated sequence in the presence of finite intersymbol interference and white Gaussian noise is developed, The structure comprises a sampled linear filter, called a whitened matched filter, and a recursive nonlinear processor, called the Viterbi algorithm. The outputs of the whitened matched filter, sampled once for each input symbol, are shown to form a set of sufficient statistics for estimation of the input sequence, a fact that makes obvious some earlier results on optimum linear processors. The Viterbi algorithm is easier to implement than earlier optimum nonlinear processors and its performance can be straightforwardly and accurately estimated. It is shown that performance (by whatever criterion) is effectively as good as could be attained by any receiver structure and in many cases is as good as if intersymbol interference were absent. Finally, a simplified but effectively optimum algorithm suitable for the most popular partial-response schemes is described.
Effects of L-asparagine deprivation on the cell cycle of the Jensen sarcoma. (1970)

Summary The phases of the cell cycle G 1 , S, and G 2 , but not M, of the Jensen sarcoma were inhibited following l-asparagine deprivation. Repletion with the amino acid showed the effect to be reversible within one cycle time. Repletion during S phase was followed by an increased rate of DNA synthesis, suggesting the role of l-asparagine in initiator protein synthesis.
Digital lattice and ladder filter synthesis (1973)

There is evidence that in addition to standard digital filter forms such as the direct, parallel, and cascade forms, digital lattice and ladder filters may play an important role in finite word length implementation problems. In this paper, techniques are developed in detail for efficiently synthesizing digital lattice and ladder filters from any stable direct form. In one form, a lattice filter canonic in terms of multiplies and delays is obtained. An internal scaling procedure is also introduced that will be of importance for optimizing one of the lattice forms for finite word length implementation.
Analysis of O2′-Methylnucleoside 5′-Phosphates in Snake Venom Hydrolysates of RNA: Identification of O2′-Methyl-5-Carboxymethyluridine as a Constituent of Yeast Transfer RNA (1975)

Snake venom phosphodiesterase liberates the O2-methylnucleoside (Nm) constituents of RNA as the corresponding 5-nucleotides (PNm), which, in contrast to normal 5-nucleotides (pN), are resistant to dephosphorylation by venom 5-nucleotidase. This property provides the basis of a convenient and highly reproducible quantitative assay for Nm residues in RNA. The assay method involves: (1) hydrolysis of RNA with whole or partially-purified snake venom; (2) isolation of the pNm derivatives, as a group, by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose; (3) resolution of the individual pNm compounds by two-dimensional paper chromatography; (4) identification and quantitative measurement of pNm derivatives by ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry. Using this procedure, the molar proportions of the Nm constituents of wheat embryo, yeast, and Escherichia coli tRNA have been determined. The close correspondence between the values measured by venom hydrolysis and those obtained by analysis of alkali-stable dinucleotide (Nm-Np) sequences attests to the validity of the venom assay, and further indicates that alkali-stable sequences larger than dinucleotides are not present in significant amounts in the tRNA of the above three organisms. During the present investigation, several ultraviolet-absorbing components, not immediately identifiable as ribose-methylated nucleotides, were isolated along with the expected O2-methylnucleoside 5-phosphates. Preliminary characterization of one of these compounds suggests that it is a derivative of a novel nucleoside, O2-methyl-5-carboxymethyluridine (cm5Um is released as part of an alkali-stable dinucleotide, cm5Um-Ap. The proportion of pU-2 in venom hydrolysates of yeast tRNA (0.02 mol percent, the same as the content of cm5Um-Ap in alkaline hydrolysates) suggests that O2-methyl-5-carboxymethyluridine may be confined to a single isoaccepting species of tRNA in yeast. In an allied study, reinvestigation of the alkali-stable dinucleotide sequences of baker's yeast tRNA has confirmed previous results concerning the sequence distribution of O2-methylribose in yeast tRNA (Gray, M. W. & Lane, B.G. (1967) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 134, 243-257).
The histidine residue of codon 715 is essential for function of elongation factor 2 (1989)

Several mutant cDNAs of elongation factor 2 (EF‐2) were constructed by site‐directed mutagenesis and their products expressed in mouse cells were investigated. Amino acid substitution for the histidine residue of codon 715, which is modified post‐translationally to diphthamide, resulted in non‐functional EF‐2 and this substitution did not render EF‐2 resistant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, which inactivates EF‐2 transferring ADP‐ribose to the diphthamide residue. These non‐functional EF‐2s with replacements of the histidine‐715 residue showed various extents of inhibition of protein synthesis by competing with functional EF‐2 in vivo . These results suggest that histidine‐715 is essential for the translocase activity of EF‐2 and that the region around diphthamide functions in recognition of, and/or binding to ribosomes. Substitution of proline for the alanine‐713 residue and substitution of glutamine for the glycine‐717 residue converted EF‐2 to partially toxin‐resistant forms. Two‐dimensional gel analysis with fragment A of diphtheria toxin of these toxin‐resistant EF‐2s revealed that their ADP‐ribosylations by toxin were much less than that of wild‐type EF‐2.
From Blood Islands to Blood Vessels: Morphologic Observations and Expression of Key Molecules during Hyaloid Vascular System Development (2012)

Our results support the view that the human HVS, like the choriocapillaris, develops by hemo-vasculogenesis, the process by which vasculogenesis, erythropoiesis, and hematopoiesis occur simultaneously from common precursors, hemangioblasts.
Factors Associated With Early Adiposity Rebound (2000)

This study does not support the hypothesis that early AR is promoted by high-protein intake. None of the dietary variables tested were significantly associated with timing of the AR, and timing of AR was not associated with socioeconomic status. Parental obesity was associated with an earlier AR.
On a Chatbot Conducting Virtual Dialogues (2019)

We present a demo of the chatbot that delivers content in the form of virtual dialogues automatically produced from the plain texts extracted and selected from the documents. This virtual dialogue content is provided in the form of answers derived from the found and selected documents split into fragments, and questions are automatically generated for these answers.
BRAF Mutation Predicts a Poorer Clinical Prognosis for Papillary Thyroid Cancer (2005)

In patients with PTC, BRAF mutation is associated with poorer clinicopathological outcomes and independently predicts recurrence. Therefore, BRAF mutation may be a useful molecular marker to assist in risk stratification for patients with PTC.
Adenylyl cyclase 6 is selectively regulated by protein kinase A phosphorylation in a region involved in Gα s  stimulation (1997)

Receptors activate adenylyl cyclases through the Galphas subunit. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown in certain cell types that express adenylyl cyclase 6 (AC6), heterologous desensitization included reduction of the capability of adenylyl cyclases to be stimulated by Galphas. Here we further analyze protein kinase A (PKA) effects on adenylyl cyclases. PKA treatment of recombinant AC6 in insect cell membranes results in a selective loss of stimulation by high (>10 nM) concentrations of Galphas. Similar treatment of AC1 or AC2 did not affect Galphas stimulation. Conversion of Ser-674 in AC6 to an Ala blocks PKA phosphorylation and PKA-mediated loss of Galphas stimulation. A peptide encoding the region 660-682 of AC6 blocks stimulation of AC6 and AC2 by high concentrations of Galphas. Substitution of Ser-674 to Asp in the peptide renders the peptide ineffective, indicating that the region 660-682 of AC6 is involved in regulation of signal transfer from Galphas. This region contains a conserved motif present in most adenylyl cyclases; however, the PKA phosphorylation site is unique to members of the AC6 family. These observations suggest a mechanism of how isoform selective regulatory diversity can be obtained within conserved regions involved in signal communication.
Applications of ultrafast temperature jump spectroscopy to condensed phase molecular dynamics (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplications of ultrafast temperature jump spectroscopy to condensed phase molecular dynamicsSheah Chen, I. Y. Sandy Lee, William A. Tolbert, Xiaoning Wen, and Dana D. DlottCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 18, 7178–7186Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100197a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100197a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views425Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Architectural Organization of a Mobile Radio Network via a Distributed Algorithm (1981)

In this paper we consider the problem of organizing a set of mobile, radio-equipped nodes into a connected network. We require that a reliable structure be acquired and maintained in the face of arbitrary topological changes due to node motion and/or failure. We also require that such a structure be achieved without the use of a central controller. We propose and develop a self-starting, distributed algorithm that establishes and maintains such a connected architecture. This algorithm is especially suited to the needs of the HF Intra-Task Force (ITF) communication network, which is discussed in the paper.
Regulation of human megakaryocytopoiesis. An in vito analysis. (1981)

We have recently described an assay system for human peripheral blood megakaryocyte colony-forming unit cells (CFU-M) using an anti-platelet glycoprotein antiserum probe to define megakaryocyte colonies grown in vitro. This system was applied to study the nature and regulation of human bone marrow CFU-M. In the absence of a specific megakaryocyte growth-promoting factor, 12.4 +/- 3.0 (means +/- SEM) megakaryocyte colonies were cloned per 5 X 10(5) cells cultured. Colonies were present after 6 d of incubation reaching peak numbers between days 10 and 14 and slowly decreasing thereafter. Erythropoietin in concentrations of up to 4 U/ml failed to augment colony numbers. Also failing to enhance megakaryocyte colony plating efficiency were media containing burst-promoting activity and colony-stimulating activity. A medium conditioned by human embryonic kidney cells, which has been previously demonstrated to contain thrombopoietin, also had no effect on megakaryocyte colony numbers. In contrast, sera from three patients with severe aplastic anemia produced significant enhancement of CFU-M-derived colony formation in vitro. Both the number of megakaryocyte colonies present and the number of megakaryocytes per colony were increased in proportion to the final concentration of aplastic anemia serum. In the presence of 10% aplastic anemia serum, cultured megakaryocyte colony numbers were linear with respect to the number of bone marrow mononuclear cells plated suggesting a clonal origin of each of the colonies. This in vitro assay for bone marrow CFU-M is a reliable means by which to study the regulation of human megakaryocytopoiesis. Initial data suggest that megakaryocyte production is stimulated by a factor detectable in aplastic anemia serum that may be distinct from other known hematopoietic stem cell regulators.
Reticular Chemistry of Metal–Organic Polyhedra (2008)

Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), are discrete metal-organic molecular assemblies. They are useful as host molecules that can provide tailorable internal volume in terms of metrics, functionality, and active metal sites. As a result, these materials are potentially useful for a variety of applications, such as highly selective guest inclusion and gas storage, and as nanoscale reaction vessels. This review identifies the nine most important polyhedra, and describes the design principles for the five polyhedra most likely to result from the assembly of secondary building units, and provides examples of these shapes that are known as metal-organic crystals.
Oral immunization against Helicobacter pylori--a future concept. (1998)

The demonstration that oral immunization with lysates of Helicobacter or with Helicobacter pylori urease can protect mice against H. felis infection opened the field of vaccine development against Helicobacter infections. More recently, the same antigen preparations were used successfully as a therapeutic vaccine able to cure the infection, and additional protective antigens were identified. Evidence from animal studies suggests that protection is medicated by mucosal antibodies, in association with a T helper type 2 cell cellular immune response. Vaccine adjuvants, delivery systems, and therapeutic vaccination are likely to be the areas of major progress in the future.
Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues (2009)

Fast pyrolysis bio-oil (pyrolysis liquid) from plant residues is one alternative to replace fossil fuels and feedstocks. Fast pyrolysis liquid is a potential source of revenues for companies who have biomass residues at their disposal. Once produced, bio-oils may be shipped, stored, and utilized much like conventional liquid fuels once their specific fuel properties are taken into account. First encouraging large scale bio-oil utilization tests with published results were carried out in Stockholm in the 1990s in a heating boiler designed for heavy fuel oil. Industrial ovens are also potential users of bio-oil. Bio-oil would also be an interesting fuel for small scale distributed heat or power production. However, introducing a new fuel into the markets is not going to happen easily. Bio-oil is quite different from conventional liquid fuels, and many challenges remains to be overcome. A stepwise market introduction is proposed: bio-oil would first replace fuel oil in boilers, where its properties would not be prohibitive. Once the overall utilization chain has been proven, more demanding uses may be introduced. VTT has been developing an integrated concept, in which fast pyrolysis is integrated to a fluidized-bed boiler. The experimental work on fast pyrolysis has been focused in supporting this concept. In Scandinavia, forest residues are the most feasible feedstocks for pyrolysis. These residues contain extractive matter that yield a second liquid phase. This is both an opportunity (for recovering byproduct) and a challence (for using both phases as fuel). Agro-biomasses are more challenging feedstocks for energy use due to the high amount of alkali metals and nitrogen in the oil. In addition, they produce more water during pyrolysis, causing phase instability. In this paper, fast pyrolysis is discussed including experimental results from pyrolysis of wood and agricultural residues as well as results from a techno-economic evaluation.
Influence of Trypsin on the Infectivity and Biological Properties of Parainfluenza Type 2 (Croup-associated) Virus in Vero Cells (1980)

A comparative study on the infectivity and biological activities of parainfluenza virus type 2 revealed that one strain (Toshiba) showed c.p.e. with cell fusion and produced plaques in Vero cells, an established line of African green monkey kidney cells. Another strain (62-M786) of this virus, however, showed minimum c.p.e. and produced almost no plaques in Vero cells, although c.p.e. appeared and plaques were observed following addition of trypsin. The infectivity titre of the latter strain, estimated by 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50), was increased 10 times and plaque counts more than 6400 times by addition of an adequate concentration of trypsin; however, trypsin did not affect the infectivity of the former strain. Trypsin also increased the haemolytic activity of strain 62-M786 but not that of the Toshiba strain. These results show that the two isolates of parainfluenza virus type 2 were affected very differently by trypsin as regards infectivity, cell fusion and haemolytic activity.
COMPARATIVE PHOTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY PURIFIED 124 KILODALTON OAT and RYE PHYTOCHROMES in vitro (1987)

Abstract A direct comparison of the photochemical interconversions between red (P r ‐) and far‐red (P fr ‐) absorbing forms of highly‐purified 124 kDa oat and rye phytochromes under identical experimental conditions was performed. In two different buffer systems at 5°C, the quantum yields for the P r to P tr and P fr to P r phototransformations under constant red and far‐red illumination, φ r and φ fr respectively, were determined to be 0.152‐0.154 and 0.060‐0.065 for oat preparations and 0.172‐0.174 and 0.074‐0.078 for rye preparations. These values as well as the wavelength dependence of the photoequilibrium produced under continuous illumination throughout the visible and near‐ultraviolet spectrum were based on the absorption spectra of the two phytochrome preparations and revised molar absorption coefficients. The molar absorption coefficients were estimated by quantitative amino acid analysis and shown to be identical for the two monocot phytochromes (i.e. 132 mM −1 cm −1 at the red absorption maximum for the P r form). Because these measurements were performed under identical experimental conditions, including buffer, temperature, light fluence rate, and instrumentation, the differences observed must reflect structural features inherent to the two different monocotyledonous phytochromes.
Down-regulation of Bmp/Smad signaling by Tmprss6 is required for maintenance of systemic iron homeostasis (2010)

Iron-refractory, iron-deficiency anemia (IRIDA) is a familial disorder characterized by iron deficiency anemia unresponsive to oral iron treatment but partially responsive to intravenous iron therapy. Previously, we showed that IRIDA patients harbor loss-of-function mutations in TMPRSS6, a type II transmembrane serine protease primarily expressed by the liver. Both humans and mice with TMPRSS6 mutations show inappropriately elevated levels of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, suggesting that TMPRSS6 acts to negatively regulate hepcidin expression. Here we investigate the relationship between Tmprss6 and the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-Smad signaling pathway, a key pathway promoting hepcidin transcription in hepatocytes. We show that livers from mice deficient for Tmprss6 have decreased iron stores and decreased Bmp6 mRNA, but markedly increased mRNA for Id1, a target gene of Bmp6 signaling. In contrast, mice deficient for both Tmprss6 and hemojuvelin (Hjv), a BMP coreceptor that augments hepcidin expression in hepatocytes, showed markedly decreased hepatic levels of hepcidin and Id1 mRNA, markedly increased hepatic Bmp6 mRNA levels, and systemic iron overload similar to mice deficient for Hjv alone. These findings suggest that down-regulation of Bmp/Smad signaling by Tmprss6 is required for regulation of hepcidin expression and maintenance of systemic iron homeostasis.