gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological activity of two humanized antibodies against two different breast cancer antigens and comparison to their original murine forms. (1995)

We have humanized two monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), hu-BrE-3 and hu-Mc3, that are bound to two different antigens of the breast epithelial cell. They bind to the breast epithelial mucin (M(r) 400,000) and the BA46 antigen (M(r) 46,000). They could participate in a joint radioimmunotherapy strategy administering repeated or fractionated dosages, where increased irradiation could be delivered by their simultaneous administration. Both antibodies, hu-BrE-3 and hu-Mc3, had similar reactivity to their antigens and similar binding affinity as those of their original murine forms. However, because humanized MoAbs could have different pharmacokinetic and radioimmunotherapeutic characteristics than their original murine forms, the experimental biodistribution in vivo of both of these two humanized anti-breast tumor MoAbs was compared to their original murine forms. Biodistributions in immunodeficient mice grafted with transplantable human breast tumors, both after radioiodination and 111In labeling via 1-p-isothiocyanatobenzyl-methyl-diethylene-triaminepenta-ace tic acid (MXDTPA), demonstrated comparable tumor:normal tissue ratios for the humanized and murine forms. In radioimmunotherapy, the humanized forms for both MoAbs showed also similar tumoricidal activity as that of the original murine MoAbs. These results show that the new humanized forms are amenable to conjugation and radioisotope labeling without loss of biological activity. Furthermore, they demonstrate that these engineered molecules kept intact, both qualitatively and quantitatively, their binding ability, pharmacokinetics, and radioimmunotherapeutic characteristics after the humanization process.
Depressed in vitro T cell responses concomitant with augmented interleukin-2 responses by lymphocytes from cancer patients following in vivo treatment with interleukin-2. (1990)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from cancer patients receiving interleukin-2 (IL-2) on two separate clinical protocols were evaluated for their in vitro responses to IL-2, alloantigens, and PHA. IL-2 in vivo induced enhanced in vitro proliferative responses to IL-2 and diminished in vitro proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and alloantigens. Alloinduced cytotoxic T cell responses were also depressed following in vivo IL-2. We examined the kinetics of the in vitro proliferative response to PHA and IL-2 and found that while the response of lymphocytes primed in vivo with IL-2 to PHA was depressed at all times during the 2 week in vitro exposure, the response to IL-2 peaked earlier and higher than did the response to IL-2 by lymphocytes obtained prior to IL-2 therapy. These contrasting effects on antigen-induced T cell responses vs. IL-2 induced nonspecific proliferative and cytotoxic responses suggest the importance of dose and timing of IL-2 administration when used to enhance antigen-specific T cell responses or as an immune enhancing agent combined with vaccines.
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor: novel therapeutics in the management of cancer (2003)

Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in epithelial tumors, including head and neck, lung, breast, colon and other solid tumors, has frequently been correlated with poor prognosis, thus stimulating efforts to develop new cancer therapies that target EGFR. Monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors specifically targeting EGFR are the most well-studied and hold substantial promise of success. Several compounds of monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR have been studied and clinical trials are now underway to test the safety and efficacy of these targeting strategies in several human tumors. This review will address each of these agents alone or in combination with radiation or chemotherapy and highlight some of these promising developments. Cetuximab (Erbitux) is being evaluated in combination with radiation or chemotherapy in Phase III trials. Other compounds such as h-R3, ABX-EGF, EMD-55900 and ICR-62 have proved to be effective in targeting malignant cells alone or in combination with traditional therapies. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the intracellular domain of EGFR, including ZD-1839 (gefitinib, Iressa), OSI-774 (Erlotinib/Tarceva), PD-153053, PD-168393 and CI-1033, have been studied in clinical setting alone or in combination with radiation or chemotherapy. ZD-1839 is being studied in a Phase III trial in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. EGFR targeted treatment by monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been proven to sensitize tumor cells to the effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The synergistic activities and nonoverlapping toxicities of these compounds allow concomitant administration with cytotoxic therapy. Challenges of evaluating EGFR targeted agents exist in selecting the optimal dosages and determining long-term toxicity.
Treatment with long-acting lanreotide autogel in early infancy in patients with severe neonatal hyperinsulinism (2017)

Long-term LAN-ATG treatment improved blood glucose concentrations, lowered the frequency of hypoglycaemia or allowed for normalization of oral carbohydrate intake in infants with CHI younger than 6 months of age. No severe side effects were observed. LAN-ATG might be an alternative treatment option in infants with severe CHI who lack risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis and are not responding to current treatment regimens as an alternative to surgery after careful individual evaluation.
Selectivity studies on anion-selective membrane electrodes (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelectivity studies on anion-selective membrane electrodesStig. BackCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 9, 1696–1698Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60317a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60317a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of clindamycin 1.2% and tretinoin 0.025% combination gel for the treatment of acne rosacea over 12 weeks. (2012)

A combination gel of clindamycin phosphate 1.2% and tretinoin 0.025% may improve the telangiectatic component of rosacea and appears to better treat the erythemotelangiectatic subtype of rosacea rather than papulopustular subtype. Our preliminary study suggests that future studies with much larger sample size might confirm our findings.
On-chip laser with multimode interference reflectors realized in a generic integration platform (2011)

A novel type of on-chip laser using multimode interference (MMI) reflectors has been realized through a generic integration approach. They are one of the first photonic integrated devices that were fabricated using an industrial generic integration technology. By using the MMI reflectors to form the laser cavity, the laser light is available on chip, and can be used as a source for other circuit elements. Due to their potential for integration and the relatively simple fabrication technology, the MMI-reflector-based lasers are very promising building blocks for large-scale photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
Structure and stability of human telomeric sequence. (1994)

Telomeric DNA of a variety of vertebrates including humans contains the tandem repeat d(TTAGGG)n. We have investigated the structural properties of the human telomeric repeat oligonucleotide models d(T2AG3)4, d(G3T2A)3G3, and d(G3T2AG3) using CD, gel electrophoresis, and chemical probing techniques. The sequences d(G3T2A)3G3 and d(T2AG3)4 assume an antiparallel G quartet structure by intramolecular folding, while the sequence d(G3T2AG3) also adopts an antiparallel G quartet structure but by dimerization of hairpins. In all the above cases, adenines are in the loop. The TTA loops are oriented at the same end of the G tetrad stem in the case of hairpin dimer. Further, the oligonucleotide d(G3T2AG3) forms a higher order structure by the association of two hairpin dimers via stacking of G tetrad planes. Here we show that N-7 of adenine in the hairpin dimer is Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonded. The partial reactivity of loop adenines with DEPC in d(T2AG3)4 suggests that the intramolecular G quartet structure is highly polymorphic and structures with different loop orientations and topologies are formed in solution. Intra- and interloop hydrogen bonding schemes for the TTA loops are proposed to account for the observed diethyl pyrocarbonate reactivities of adenines. Sodium-induced G quartet structures differ from their potassium-induced counterparts not only in stability but also in loop conformation and interactions. Thus, the overall structure and stability of telomeric sequences are modulated by the cation present, loop sequence, and the number of G tracts, which might be important for the telomere function.
Optically active derivatives of imidazolines. .alpha.-Adrenergic blocking properties (1980)

The synthesis and alpha-adrenergic blocking activity of a series of optically active 2,4-disubstituted imidazolines are presented. The substituted analogues of naphazoline, tolazoline, and clonidine possess moderate alpha-adrenergic blocking activity with -log KB values in the range from 4.77 to 6.57. The differences between the alpha-adrenergic blocking activity of the stereoisomers of the 2,4-disubstituted imidazolines were small or insignificant in the rabbit aortic tissue preparations.
Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with cilazapril on intimal hyperplasia in injured arteries and vascular grafts in the baboon. (1991)

To determine the importance of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the development of arterial proliferative lesions in a primate model, the response to vascular injury was studied in five baboons treated with oral cilazapril (20 mg/kg/day) and in five untreated control animals. Each animal underwent three procedures: 1) carotid artery endarterectomy, 2) balloon catheter deendothelialization of the superficial femoral artery, and 3) surgical placement of bilateral aorto-iliac expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) vascular grafts. Cilazapril therapy was initiated 1 week preoperatively and continued throughout the study interval. At 1 and 3 weeks postoperatively, plasma ACE activity was inhibited by more than 96% versus control values. After animals were killed at 3 months, injured vessel and graft segments were evaluated morphometrically. Although the response between animals was variable, average cross-sectional areas of neointima did not differ between the cilazapril-treated and control groups at sites of carotid endarterectomy (0.26 +/- 0.12 versus 0.34 +/- 0.17 mm2, respectively; p greater than 0.5), femoral artery ballooning (0.15 +/- 0.08 versus 0.11 +/- 0.01 mm2; p greater than 0.5), or at graft anastomoses (1.86 +/- 0.50 versus 1.72 +/- 0.50 mm2; p greater than 0.5). Thus, cilazapril did not reduce intimal thickening over 3 months in these primate arterial injury models. However, a possible beneficial effect of cilazapril, which might be apparent at earlier time points or with larger animal groups, cannot be excluded.
Evidence for selection against human lung cancers bearing p53 missense mutations which occur within the HLA A*0201 peptide consensus motif. (1994)

Short peptide fragments of intracellular proteins that fit a defined sequence motif bind to the most common human major histocompatibility complex class I molecule, HLA A*0201, and mediate killing by cytotoxic T-cells [D.F. Hunt et al., Science (Washington DC), 255: 1261-1263, 1992; K. Falk et al., Nature (Lond.), 351: 290-296, 1991]. The existence of such a motif allows prediction of whether novel peptides derived from mutant oncoporteins might be presented on the surface of cancer cells bearing that HLA allele. Clinical cancer might develop only when these mutations occur outside a major histocompatibility complex binding motif or in those cells that acquire defects in antigen presentation. Here, we find that missense mutations of p53 from a variety of tumors fall within the HLA A*0201 motif less often than would be expected if the location of mutations and motifs were independent. When we analyzed the HLA subtype of lung cancer cell lines with known p53 missense mutations, we found that all of the mutant oncopeptides predicted to be presentable by HLA A*0201 came from tumors that either did not carry the A*0201 allele or had lost that allele in the process of tumorigenesis. Presentation of mutant oncogene peptides on class I major histocompatibility complex might thus represent a physiologically significant selection pressure in the development of human cancer.
Versatility of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tags in the Pharmaceutical Industry (2008)

Abstract Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can be applied to a number of pharmaceutical processes, as ample of information can be stored and read rapidly from an RFID tag. Applications may range from inventory control, to access control, to telemedicine, to supply chain management and, most importantly, in combatting counterfeit products. Overall health care services can be improved by using this technology. This technology is gaining popularity in various fields, but is still costly and regulatory considerations are restricting its use. This paper explains the basics of RFID technology and some potential applications related to the pharmaceutical industry.
Computer-assisted stereotactic neurosurgery: Functional design and clinical applications (1992)

Three-dimensional digital imaging and computer-assisted treatment planning and interactive surgery has revolutionized the field of stereotactic neurosurgery. Many surgical procedures that were not practical before can now be performed safely and conveniently. Our system is used for biopsy and resection of tumors, vascular malformations, cyst aspirations, third ventriculostomies, interstitial irradiation as well as functional stereotactic procedures. This paper will describe the current functional design as well as its clinical applications.
Numerical Continuation Methods for Solving Polynomial Systems Arising in Kinematics (1990)

Many problems in mechanism design and theoretical kinematics can be formulated as systems of polynomial equations. Recent developments in numerical continuation have led to algorithms that compute all solutions to polynomial systems of moderate size. Despite the immediate relevance of these methods, they are unfamiliar to most kinematicians. This paper attempts to bridge that gap by presenting a tutorial on the main ideas of polynomial continuation along with a section surveying advanced techniques. A seven position Burmester problem serves to illustrate the basic material and the inverse position problem for general six-axis manipulators shows the usefulness of the advanced techniques.
Cloning and expression of a spinal cord- and brain-specific glycine transporter with novel structural features. (1993)

A novel glycine transporter (GLYT2) was cloned from a rat brain cDNA library. GLYT2 is about 48 and 50% homologous to the previously cloned mouse glycine transporter (GLYT1) and rat proline transporter (PROT), respectively. GLYT2 differs from GLYT1 in molecular structure, tissue specificity, and pharmacological properties. The cDNA of GLYT2 encodes for 799 amino acid residues with an extended amino-terminal peptide containing 200 amino acids before the first transmembrane domain. Potential phosphorylation sites for protein kinase C, cAMP-dependent kinase, and calmodulin-dependent kinase were identified in the amino-terminal region. GLYT2 mRNA was shown to be specifically localized in spinal cord, brain stem, and to a lesser extent in the cerebellum. In contrast, GLYT1 mRNA distribution in the brain has been found previously to be more ubiquitous. Xenopus oocytes injected with GLYT2 cRNA transport glycine with a Km of 17 microM, and the uptake of glycine is resistant to inhibition by sarcosine. The experimental data suggests GLYT2 might play a major role in the termination of the inhibitory effect of glycine in the brain stem and spinal cord of vertebrates. On the other hand, the main function of GLYT1 may be in the modulation of excitatory nerve terminals. Two types of GLYT1 cDNA, GLYT1a and GLYT1b, were cloned from the mouse brain library. They differ only at their amino-terminal sequences, and GLYT1b contains two additional potential phosphorylation sites for proline-dependent kinase. Cloning of the gene encoding the GLYT1 revealed that the two variants resulted from a differential splicing.
Targetable Kinase-Activating Lesions in Ph-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2014)

Ph-like ALL was found to be characterized by a range of genomic alterations that activate a limited number of signaling pathways, all of which may be amenable to inhibition with approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Trials identifying Ph-like ALL are needed to assess whether adding tyrosine kinase inhibitors to current therapy will improve the survival of patients with this type of leukemia. (Funded by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities and others.).
Designed Epothilones: Combinatorial Synthesis, Tubulin Assembly Properties, abd Cytotoxic Action against Taxol‐Resistant Tumor Cells (1997)

A library of epothilone A and B analogues , which was constructed by solid‐phase combinatorial synthesis using SMART Microreactors and solution chemistry, was screened in two different tubulin binding assays. Selected compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity studies against a number of cell lines, including Taxol‐resistant cells. Important structure–activity relationship emerged from these studies, which sets the stage for further discoveries and developments in the anticancer field.
Regulation of myostatin activity and muscle growth (2001)

Myostatin is a transforming growth factor-beta family member that acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. To identify possible myostatin inhibitors that may have applications for promoting muscle growth, we investigated the regulation of myostatin signaling. Myostatin protein purified from mammalian cells consisted of a noncovalently held complex of the N-terminal propeptide and a disulfide-linked dimer of C-terminal fragments. The purified C-terminal myostatin dimer was capable of binding the activin type II receptors, Act RIIB and, to a lesser extent, Act RIIA. Binding of myostatin to Act RIIB could be inhibited by the activin-binding protein follistatin and, at higher concentrations, by the myostatin propeptide. To determine the functional significance of these interactions in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing high levels of the propeptide, follistatin, or a dominant-negative form of Act RIIB by using a skeletal muscle-specific promoter. Independent transgenic mouse lines for each construct exhibited dramatic increases in muscle mass comparable to those seen in myostatin knockout mice. Our findings suggest that the propeptide, follistatin, or other molecules that block signaling through this pathway may be useful agents for enhancing muscle growth for both human therapeutic and agricultural applications.
Autologous Conditioned Serum as a Novel Alternative Option in the Treatment of Unilateral Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Prospective Study (2015)

ACS can modify the disease course in addition to reducing pain, disability and improving general health.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cooperates with Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 to Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Cells via Up-regulation of TWIST Gene Expression (2007)

Aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is a major cause of tumor progression and metastasis; the underlying mechanisms, however, are not well understood. In particular, it remains elusive whether deregulated EGFR pathway is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an early event that occurs during metastasis of cancers of an epithelial origin. Here, we show that EGF induces EGFR-expressing cancer cells to undergo a transition from the epithelial to the spindle-like mesenchymal morphology. EGF reduced E-cadherin expression and increased that of mesenchymal proteins. In search of a downstream mediator that may account for EGF-induced EMT, we focused on transcription repressors of E-cadherin, TWIST, SLUG, and Snail and found that cancer cells express high levels of TWIST and that EGF enhances its expression. EGF significantly increases TWIST transcripts and protein in EGFR-expressing lines. Forced expression of EGFR reactivates TWIST expression in EGFR-null cells. TWIST expression is suppressed by EGFR and Janus-activated kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors, but not significantly by those targeting phosphoinositide-3 kinase and MEK/ERK. Furthermore, constitutively active STAT3 significantly activates the TWIST promoter, whereas the JAK/STAT3 inhibitor and dominant-negative STAT3 suppressed TWIST promoter. Deletion/mutation studies further show that a 26-bp promoter region contains putative STAT3 elements required for the EGF-responsiveness of the TWIST promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays further show that EGF induces binding of nuclear STAT3 to the TWIST promoter. Immunohistochemical analysis of 130 primary breast carcinomas indicates positive correlations between non-nuclear EGFR and TWIST and between phosphorylated STAT3 and TWIST. Together, we report here that EGF/EGFR signaling pathways induce cancer cell EMT via STAT3-mediated TWIST gene expression.
Autoimmunity in Stiff‐Man Syndrome with breast cancer is targeted to the C‐terminal region of human amphiphysin, a protein similar to the yeast proteins, Rvs167 and Rvs161 (1994)

Amphiphysin, a neuronal protein first identified in chicken synaptic membranes, is the autoantigen of Stiff-Man Syndrome (SMS) associated with breast cancer. We have now cloned human amphiphysin and found the N- and C-terminal domains of the protein to be highly conserved between chicken and human. Patient autoantibodies have a distinct pattern of reactivity with amphiphysin, and the dominant autoepitope is located in its C-terminal region, which contains an SH3 domain. Portions of chicken and human amphiphysin are also homologous to portions of Rvs167 and Rvs161, two yeast proteins which are involved in cell entry into stationary phase upon exposure to unfavourable growth conditions.