gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sputtering of self-polarized PZT films for IR-detector arrays (2002)

Within a 3-year project a pyroelectric detector array based on a tetragonal Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/ (PZT) thin film on a silicon substrate was developed. Compositions of about 25-30% Zr showed best properties for the application in pyroelectric sensing systems. For the film deposition, planar multi target sputtering from 3 metallic targets in a reactive Ar/O/sub 2/ mixture is used. The advantage of this method is that the perovskite phase can be grown down to relatively low substrate temperatures of about 500/spl deg/C, a strong self polarization for compositions Zr/(Zr+Ti)<0.3 and a convenient control of the stoichiometry simply by varying the power supplied to the individual targets. The developed chip has (11/spl times/6) elements, his overall size is (8/spl times/4,7) mm/sup 2/. The array pixels of 280/spl times/280 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ have a noise equivalent power NEP of less than 0.7 nW at 1 Hz. The achieved specific detectivity D/sup */ at a modulation frequency of 10 Hz is 3/spl middot/10/sup 8/ cm/spl middot/Hz/sup 1/2//W.
Assessment of factors regulating the thermal lens profile and lateral brightness in high power diode lasers (2017)

The lateral beam parameter product, <i>BPP</i><sub>lat</sub>, and resulting lateral brightness of GaAs-based high-power broad-area diode lasers is strongly influenced by the thermal lens profile. We present latest progress in efforts using FEM simulation to interpret how variation in chip construction influences the thermal lens profile, itself determined experimentally using thermography (thermal camera). Important factors are shown to include the vertical (epitaxial) structure, the properties of the submount and the transition between chip and submount, whose behavior is shown to be consistent with the presence of a significant thermal barrier.
Photo-crosslinkable polymers as hole-transport materials for organic light-emitting diodes (2002)

A bis(diarylamino)biphenyl-functionalised methacrylate has been synthesised and polymerised to give a hole-transport polymer; copolymerisation with a chalcone- or cinnamate-functionalised methacrylate affords photo-crosslinkable hole-transport polymers that become insoluble upon exposure to ultra-violet irradiation. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated based on both crosslinked and non-crosslinked hole-transport polymers, and the performances of the devices were evaluated.
Tungsten(VI) and molybdenumVI oxo-alkyl species. Their role in the metathesis of olefins (1980)

The complexes MOCl (neopentyl)3(M = Mo, W) can be isolated from solutions which are active in olefin metathesis, and although inactive alone, these species can be converted into very active catalysts; the syntheses of MO(neopentyl)4(M = Mo, W) are also reported.
Interactive 4D overview and detail visualization in augmented reality (2012)

In this paper we present an approach for visualizing time-oriented data of dynamic scenes in an on-site AR view. Visualizations of time-oriented data have special challenges compared to the visualization of arbitrary virtual objects. Usually, the 4D data occludes a large part of the real scene. Additionally, the data sets from different points in time may occlude each other. Thus, it is important to design adequate visualization techniques that provide a comprehensible visualization. In this paper we introduce a visualization concept that uses overview and detail techniques to present 4D data in different detail levels. These levels provide at first an overview of the 4D scene, at second information about the 4D change of a single object and at third detailed information about object appearance and geometry for specific points in time. Combining the three levels of detail with interactive transitions such as magic lenses or distorted viewing techniques enables the user to understand the relationship between them. Finally we show how to apply this concept for construction site documentation and monitoring.
Neutralization of Human Cytomegalovirus Entry into Fibroblasts and Epithelial Cells (2017)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a leading cause of permanent birth defects, highlighting the need to develop an HCMV vaccine candidate. However, HCMV vaccine development is complicated by the varying capacity of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to interfere in vitro with the HCMV entry routes mediating infection of fibroblast (FB) and epithelial cells (EC). While HCMV infection of FB and EC requires glycoprotein complexes composed of gB and gH/gL/gO, EC infection depends additionally on the envelope pentamer complex (PC) composed of gH, gL, UL128, UL130 and UL131A. Unlike NAb to gB or gH epitopes that can interfere with both FB and EC infection, NAb targeting predominantly conformational epitopes of the UL128/130/131A subunits are unable to prevent FB entry, though they are highly potent in blocking EC infection. Despite the selective requirement of the PC for EC entry, the PC is exceptionally immunogenic as vaccine antigen to stimulate both EC- and FB-specific NAb responses due to its capacity to elicit NAb that target epitopes of the UL128/130/131A subunits and gH. These findings suggest that the PC could be sufficient in a subunit vaccine formulation to induce robust FB- and EC-specific NAb responses. In this short review, we discuss NAb responses induced through natural infection and vaccination that interfere in vitro with HCMV infection of FB and EC.
TIF4631 and TIF4632: two yeast genes encoding the high-molecular-weight subunits of the cap-binding protein complex (eukaryotic initiation factor 4F) contain an RNA recognition motif-like sequence and carry out an essential function. (1993)

The 5' ends of eukaryotic mRNAs are blocked by a cap structure, m7GpppX (where X is any nucleotide). The interaction of the cap structure with a cap-binding protein complex is required for efficient ribosome binding to the mRNA. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the cap-binding protein complex is a heterodimer composed of two subunits with molecular masses of 24 (eIF-4E, CDC33) and 150 (p150) kDa. p150 is presumed to be the yeast homolog of the p220 component of mammalian eIF-4F. In this report, we describe the isolation of yeast gene TIF4631, which encodes p150, and a closely related gene, TIF4632. TIF4631 and TIF4632 are 53% identical overall and 80% identical over a 320-amino-acid stretch in their carboxy-terminal halves. Both proteins contain sequences resembling the RNA recognition motif and auxiliary domains that are characteristic of a large family of RNA-binding proteins. tif4631-disrupted strains exhibited a slow-growth, cold-sensitive phenotype, while disruption of TIF4632 failed to show any phenotype under the conditions assayed. Double gene disruption engendered lethality, suggesting that the two genes are functionally homologous and demonstrating that at least one of them is essential for viability. These data are consistent with a critical role for the high-molecular-weight subunit of putative yeast eIF-4F in translation. Sequence comparison of TIF4631, TIF4632, and the human eIF-4F p220 subunit revealed significant stretches of homology. We have thus cloned two yeast homologs of mammalian p220.
Transmitter, ion channel and receptor properties of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells: a model for neurotoxicological studies. (1991)

The increased desire to use in vitro techniques in neurotoxicology has resulted in the search for clonal cell lines which may be useful for studying disruption by neurotoxicants of various aspects of neuronal physiology and biochemistry. One such cell line is the PC12 cell, a clonal cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medulla. When cultured under normal conditions, PC12 cells resemble adrenal chromaffin cells in morphology, physiology and biochemistry. However, when cultured in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) or several other compounds, PC12 cells differentiate to resemble sympathetic neurons morphologically and functionally. Differentiation and the resultant physiological and biochemical changes are some of the most attractive and useful features of this cell line. PC12 cells release, depending on the conditions, dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine and contain Na, K and Ca channels and other membrane receptors, including receptors coupled to G-proteins. Moreover, the relative proportion of various subtypes of Ca channels changes during differentiation. Thus, PC12 cells provide an excellent model for studying chemical disruption of processes associated with neuronal differentiation, synthesis, storage and release of neurotransmitters, function and regulation of ion channels and interactions of compounds with membrane bound receptors. The ability of PC12 cells to differentiate in response to NGF and other compounds allows for selective expression of certain channels and proteins and for comparisons of responses in undifferentiated and differentiated cells. The prominent neurotoxicant methylmercury causes potent reductions in uptake of 45Ca and binding of ligands associated with various subpopulations of Ca channels in the PC12 cells, as well as currents carried through putative Ca channels.
Portfolios of Hedge Funds (2002)

The authors investigate the performance of baskets of hedge funds ranging in size from one to twenty funds. The analysis shows that increasing the number of funds can be expected to lead not only to a lower standard deviation but also to the less attractive result of lower skewness and increased correlation with the stock market. Most of the change occurs for relatively small portfolios. Holding more than fifteen funds changes little. An efficiency test indicates that one needs to combine only a small number of funds to obtain a much more efficient risk-return profile than that offered by the average individual hedge fund.
The influence of pH and ionic strength on the single radial immunodiffusion test in qualitative assay of influenza virus haemagglutinin. (1983)

A significant dependence between different ionic strength and pH value of virus suspension on one hand and the haemagglutinin (HA) content as determined by single-radial-immunodiffusion (SRD) test on the other hand was observed after cleavage of influenza virus recombinant NIB-6 (H1N1) with sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (SLS). In contrast, no such relationship was found when the HA Of NIB-4 (H3N2) recombinant strain was determined.
A Photoelectrochemical Model of Proton Exchange Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production (2008)

A photoelectrochemical model for hydrogen production from water electrolysis using proton exchange membrane is proposed based on Butler-Volmer kinetics for electrodes and transport resistance in the polymer electrolyte. An equivalent electrical circuit analogy is proposed for the sequential kinetic and transport resistances. The model provides a relation between the applied terminal voltage of electrolysis cell and the current density in terms of Nernst potential, exchange current densities, and conductivity of polymer electrolyte. Effects of temperature on the voltage, power supply, and hydrogen production are examined with the developed model. Increasing temperature will reduce the required power supply and increase the hydrogen production. An increase of about 11% is achieved by varying the temperature from 30°Cto80°C. The required power supply decreases as the illumination intensity becomes greater. The power supply due to the cathode overpotential does not change too much with the illumination intensity. Effects of the illumination intensity can be observed as the current density is relatively small for the examined illumination intensities.
CYSTIC FIBROSIS OF THE PANCREAS AND ITS RELATION TO CELIAC DISEASE (1938)

The pathology and pathologic physiology of celiac disease remain obscure in spite of the many attempts that have been made to understand them. It has become clearer in recent years that celiac disease is a clinical picture "characterized by arrest of growth, a distended abdomen, and attacks of diarrhoea with large, pale, foul-smelling stools"<sup>1</sup>rather than a disease entity and that the underlying pathologic condition may differ in different cases.<sup>2</sup>A tradition exists that pancreatic steatorrhea can be readily differentiated from idiopathic steatorrhea by the low percentage of split fat in the stools associated with the former and the normal percentage characterizing the latter. A careful survey of the literature, however, reveals few cases of either disease in which careful clinical observations have been followed by adequate postmortem examination. The present study was initiated because of the findings in case 44 (XX), in which a patient with celiac
Recombinant C5a stimulates transcription rather than translation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor: translational signal provided by lipopolysaccharide or IL-1 itself (1990)

We investigated the effects of recombinant C5a (rC5a) on gene expression and synthesis of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Total (cell-associated and secreted) cytokine synthesis was measured. In the strict absence of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), rC5a resulted in a small but statistically insignificant increase in immunoreactive IL-1 beta and TNF, as well as in IL-1 and IL-6 bioactivity. On the other hand, rC5a induced marked transcriptional activation of IL-1 beta and TNF in a dose-dependent fashion with an optimal concentration of 50 ng/mL. The rC5a-induced cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) was not spontaneously translated into protein. At 50 ng/mL, rC5a induced the same levels of mRNA for IL-1 beta and TNF as 1 ng/mL of LPS, whereas LPS induced 12 times more IL-1 beta protein and 70 times more TNF protein than rC5a alone. The C5a-induced mRNA half-life was the same as that induced by LPS. Formyl-Meth-Leu-Phe (fMLP) did not induce cytokine transcription. Pretreatment with rC5a enhanced cytokine synthesis induced by other stimuli. After 2 hours of preincubation with rC5a, PBMC synthesized 3 to 10 times more IL-1 beta and TNF on subsequent stimulation by LPS or IL-1 itself. We conclude that rC5a provides primarily a transcriptional but not translational signal for IL-1 beta and TNF; the half-life of the untranslated mRNA is the same as that of translated message; rC5a-induced transcription upregulates PBMC for enhanced synthesis of these cytokines; and a translational signal can be provided by LPS or IL-1 itself.
Position and mass determination of multiple particles using cantilever based mass sensors (2010)

Resonant microcantilevers are highly sensitive to added masses and have the potential to be used as mass-spectrometers. However, making the detection of individual added masses quantitative requires the position determination for each added mass. We derive expressions relating the position and mass of several added particles to the resonant frequencies of a cantilever, and an identification procedure valid for particles with different masses is proposed. The identification procedure is tested by calculating positions and mass of multiple microparticles with similar mass positioned on individual microcantilevers. Excellent agreement is observed between calculated and measured positions and calculated and theoretical masses.
Improvement in the solution stability of porcine somatotropin by chemical modification of cysteine residues (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleImprovement in the solution stability of porcine somatotropin by chemical modification of cysteine residuesBrian L. Buckwalter, Susan M. Cady, Hong Ming. Shieh, Ajit K. Chaudhuri, and David F. JohnsonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 2, 356–362Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00014a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00014a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adipose tissue production of hepatocyte growth factor contributes to elevated serum HGF in obesity (2006)

Serum HGF is elevated in obese individuals. This study examined the contribution of excess adipose tissue to increased circulating HGF levels in obesity. Serum HGF was measured by ELISA before and after weight loss due to bariatric surgery or a 24-h fast. At 6.1 +/- 0.1 mo following surgery, BMI (50.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 35.1 +/- 1.3 kg/m(2); P < 0.0001) and serum HGF were significantly decreased (1,164 +/- 116 vs. 529 +/- 39 pg/ml, P < 0.001). A 24-h fast did not change serum HGF, but serum leptin was significantly reduced (67.7 +/- 7.1 vs. 50.3 +/- 8.3 ng/ml, P = 0.02). HGF secretion in vitro from adipocytes of obese (BMI 40.3 +/- 2.8 kg/m(2)) subjects was significantly greater (80.9 +/- 10.4 vs. 21.5 +/- 4.0 pg/10(5) cells, P = 0.008) than release from adipocytes of lean (BMI 23.3 +/- 1.4 kg/m(2)) subjects. HGF mRNA levels determined by real-time RT-PCR were not different in adipocytes from lean (BMI 24.0 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2)) and obese (45.7 +/- 3.0 kg/m(2)) subjects, but serum HGF was significantly elevated in the obese individuals studied (787 +/- 61 vs. 489 +/- 49 pg/ml, P = 0.001). TNF-alpha (24 h treatment) significantly increased HGF release from subcutaneous adipocytes 23.6 +/- 8.3% over control (P = 0.02). These data suggest that elevated serum HGF in obesity is in part attributable to excess adipose tissue and that this effect can be reversed by reducing adipose tissue mass through weight loss. Increased HGF secretion from adipocytes of obese subjects may be due to posttranscriptional events possibly related to adipocyte size and stimulation by elevated TNF-alpha in the adipose tissue of obese individuals.
Biologic response modifiers (1992)

Some biologic agents have proven effective in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases by stimulating host antitumor immunity or by applying active antitumor properties that specifically or nonspecifically effect tumor growth or tumor survival. These agents include interferons, which regulate cell gene expression, structure, and function; interleukin-2, which has several functions related to lymphoproliferation and mediation of lymphoid cell transport; anti-idiotype antibodies, which appear to cause a specific antiproliferative response against the patient's tumor; anti-idiotype vaccines, which produce cyclic complementary binding sites and idiotypes to induce specific immunity to tumors with resultant antitumor activity; radioisotope labeled monoclonal antibodies, which directly deliver tumoricidal doses of radiation to tumors, sparing normal tissue toxicity; and monoclonal antibody-immunotoxin conjugates, which directly deliver tumoricidal doses of radiation to tumors, sparing normal tissue toxicity. Encouraging results have been seen in clinical studies with these agents and much knowledge has been gained regarding the mechanisms involved. These findings dictate ongoing therapy modifications to produce continuing progress in the therapeutic applications of biologic agents in lymphoproliferative disease processes.
Study on the Action of Norfloxacin Zinc Against Experimental Gastric Ulcer in Rats (2001)

OBJECTIVE:To study the antiulcer action of norfloxacin zinc(NF-Zn) METHODS:Acute and chronic gastric ulcer models were established in rats and the in vitro action of neutralizing hydrochloric acid and the MIC for Hp of NF-Zn were determined RESULTS:NF-Zn could inhibit the formation of acute gastric ulcer induced by ethanol,stress and salicylic acid in rats,accelerate the healing of chronic gastric ulcer produced by acetic acid,inhibit the secretion of gastric acid and increase the pH in gastric juice In vitro,NF-Zn could neutralize HCl and inhibit Hp with MIC50 of 0 5μg/ml CONCLUSION:The results suggest that the antiulcer action of NF-Zn may be related with its protection of the gastric mucosal barrier,neutralization of acid and inhibition of Hp
The Stroma of Higher Plant Plastids Contain CIpP and CIpC, Functional Homologs of Escherichia coli CIpP and CIpA: An Archetypal Two-Component ATP-Dependent Protease (1995)

John Shanklin, Natalie D. DeWitt, John M. Flanagan, The Stroma of Higher Plant Plastids Contain CIpP and CIpC, Functional Homologs of Escherichia coli CIpP and CIpA: An Archetypal Two-Component ATP-Dependent Protease, The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 10 (Oct., 1995), pp. 1713-1722
Synergistic antitumor effects of combined cathepsin B and cathepsin Z deficiencies on breast cancer progression and metastasis in mice (2010)

The lysosomal cysteine proteases cathepsin B (Ctsb) and cathepsin Z (Ctsz, also called cathepsin X/P) have been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Compensation of Ctsb by Ctsz in Ctsb (-/-) mice has been suggested. To further define the functional interplay of these proteases in the context of cancer, we generated Ctsz null mice, crossed them with Ctsb-deficient mice harboring a transgene for the mammary duct-specific expression of polyoma middle T oncogene (PymT), and analyzed the effects of single and combined Ctsb and Ctsz deficiencies on breast cancer progression. Single Ctsb deficiency resulted in delayed detection of first tumors and reduced tumor burden, whereas Ctsz-deficient mice had only a prolonged tumor-free period. However, only a trend toward reduced metastatic burden without statistical significance was detected in both single mutants. Strikingly, combined loss of Ctsb and Ctsz led to additive effects, resulting in significant and prominent delay of early and advanced tumor development, improved histopathologic tumor grading, as well as a 70% reduction in the number of lung metastases and an 80% reduction in the size of these metastases. We conclude that the double deficiency of Ctsb and Ctsz exerts significant synergistic anticancer effects, whereas the single deficiencies demonstrate at least partial reciprocal compensation.