gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brain-Computer Interface for a Prosthetic Hand Using Local Machine Control and Haptic Feedback (2007)

A brain-computer interface (BCI) uses electrophysiological measures of brain function to enable individuals to communicate with the external world, bypassing normal neuromuscular pathways. While it has been suggested that this control can be applied for neuroprostheses, few studies have demonstrated practical BCI control of a prosthetic device. In this paper, an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based motor imagery BCI is presented to control movement of a prosthetic hand. The hand was instrumented with force and angle sensors to provide haptic feedback and local machine control. Using this system, subjects demonstrated the ability to control the prosthetic's grasping force with accuracy comparable to an EMG-based control scheme. Further work is necessary to improve the integration of BCI control strategies with prostheses.
Structural characterization of human erythropoietin. (1986)

Erythropoietin is the primary regulator of red blood cell formation in mammals. Because of its extreme scarcity, very little information is available regarding structural features of this important glycoprotein. We report here the primary structure of human urinary erythropoietin, determined by protein sequencing. In addition, the sites of glycosylation, assignment of disulfide bonds, and the circular dichroism of the hormone analyzed for secondary structure in comparison with the prediction from the sequence are presented.
5-Azacytidine increases gamma-globin synthesis and reduces the proportion of dense cells in patients with sickle cell anemia (1983)

We previously demonstrated that 5-azacytidine can selectively increase gamma-globin synthesis in a patient with beta +-thalassemia, prompting us to treat two patients with sickle cell anemia and two additional patients with beta + thalassemia. 5-Azacytidine (2 mg/kg/day) was continuously infused for 7 days with no apparent clinical toxicity. The gamma/beta-globin biosynthetic ratio increased fourfold to sixfold in the bone marrow cells of each patient after treatment and remained elevated for 7-14 additional days. Hypomethylation of DNA near the gamma-globin genes in bone marrow cells was demonstrated 2 days after beginning the 5-azacytidine infusion. The peripheral blood fetal hemoglobin (HbF) level increased from 6.0% to 13.7% in one patient with sickle cell anemia and from 1.6% to 8.9% in the second. Stractan gradient analyses of peripheral blood from patients with sickle cell anemia revealed a marked decrease in the percentage of dense cells (cells that contain increased amounts of HbS polymer when deoxygenated) following treatment. These observations provide an impetus to investigate the effects of repeated courses of 5-azacytidine in a small group of severely ill patients to determine whether this drug may have a role in the treatment of patients with sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia.
Concentration of hydroxyl groups on the surface of amorphous silicas (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentration of hydroxyl groups on the surface of amorphous silicasL. T. ZhuravlevCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 3, 316–318Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00075a004https://doi.org/10.1021/la00075a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8418Altmetric-Citations883LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Jitter-free co-processing on a prototype exascale storage stack (2012)

In the petascale era, the storage stack used by the extreme scale high performance computing community is fairly homogeneous across sites. On the compute edge of the stack, file system clients or IO forwarding services direct IO over an interconnect network to a relatively small set of IO nodes. These nodes forward the requests over a secondary storage network to a spindle-based parallel file system. Unfortunately, this architecture will become unviable in the exascale era. As the density growth of disks continues to outpace increases in their rotational speeds, disks are becoming increasingly cost-effective for capacity but decreasingly so for bandwidth. Fortunately, new storage media such as solid state devices are filling this gap; although not cost-effective for capacity, they are so for performance. This suggests that the storage stack at exascale will incorporate solid state storage between the compute nodes and the parallel file systems. There are three natural places into which to position this new storage layer: within the compute nodes, the IO nodes, or the parallel file system. In this paper, we argue that the IO nodes are the appropriate location for HPC workloads and show results from a prototype system that we have built accordingly. Running a pipeline of computational simulation and visualization, we show that our prototype system reduces total time to completion by up to 30%.
Self-Expanding Endovascular Stent-Graft Implant for Treatment of Descending Aortic Diseases (1999)

The use of this technique simplifies the operation and treatment of particular cases of aortic disease. The observed morbidity and mortality are due to factors independent of the technique.
Terpenoid aldehydes in upland cottons: analysis by aniline and HPLC methods (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTerpenoid aldehydes in upland cottons: analysis by aniline and HPLC methodsRobert D. Stipanovic, David W. Altman, Deborah L. Begin, Gerald A. Greenblatt, and John H. BenedictCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 3, 509–515Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00081a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00081a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views453Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Kif26b , a kinesin family gene, regulates adhesion of the embryonic kidney mesenchyme (2010)

The kidney develops through reciprocal interactions between two precursor tissues: the metanephric mesenchyme and the ureteric bud. We previously demonstrated that the zinc finger protein Sall1 is essential for ureteric bud attraction toward the mesenchyme. Here, we show that Kif26b, a kinesin family gene, is a downstream target of Sall1 and that disruption of this gene causes kidney agenesis because of impaired ureteric bud attraction. In the Kif26b-null metanephros, compact adhesion between mesenchymal cells adjacent to the ureteric buds and the polarized distribution of integrin alpha8 were impaired, resulting in failed maintenance of Gdnf, a critical ureteric bud attractant. Overexpression of Kif26b in vitro caused increased cell adhesion through interactions with nonmuscle myosin. Thus, Kif26b is essential for kidney development because it regulates the adhesion of mesenchymal cells in contact with ureteric buds.
Comparative potency and clinical efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids. (1999)

The inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are currently the most potent antiinflammatory drugs available for the long-term control of persistent asthma. Physico-chemical modifications of the basic steroid structure result in pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties that confer both enhanced topical efficacy and diminished systemic activity compared with older corticosteroids such as prednisolone. The purpose of this article is to compare the pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and lung delivery differences among the products and demonstrate how those differences translate into significant differences in the clinical effectiveness of the ICSs.
Tumor grade, microvessel density, and activities of malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and hexokinase in squamous cell carcinoma (2000)

Squamous cell carcinomas were evaluated with respect to tumor differentiation (through use of hematoxylin and eosin stain), microvessel density (through use of CD-34 immunocytochemical stain), and magnitudes of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), hexokinase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activities. Direct correlations were found between tumor grade, MDH activity, and microvessel density. Direct correlations were also found between hexokinase activity and MDH activity and microvessel density. Inverse correlations were found between LDH activity and both tumor grade and MDH activity. These results suggest that the high rate of glucose utilization (indicated by hexokinase activity) found in more poorly differentiated tumors has a higher component of aerobic oxidative metabolism (indicated by MDH activity) and a relatively lower contribution from anaerobic metabolism (indicated by LDH activity) than do the rates found in more differentiated tumors. It is also suggested that as the glycolytic rate increases, more pyruvate goes into the Krebs cycle than into lactate. The availability of glucose-derived pyruvate for oxidative metabolism would mean less of a dependency on glutamine as a carbon source in squamous cell carcinoma.
Closely packed millimeter-wave MIMO antenna arrays with dielectric resonator elements (2016)

The design of a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) dielectric resonator (DR) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented. The MIMO structure consists of four arrays each radiating in one of four opposite directions. Each array is composed of four cylindrical DR antenna elements (cDRAs) operating at 30 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of at least 6.7%. The elements are fed via slot coupling which isolates the radiating elements from the feeding network. Also, each array in the MIMO system has a fixed and tilted beam enabling good MIMO operation which results from a passive microstrip-based feed network. The four arrays are closely packed in two pairs with each pair occupying only 20 × 10 × 3.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> on the top layer of the PCB. The proposed antenna can be used for compact mobiles that support 5G data links.
A Review of Cyclopropenoid Compounds: Biological Effects of Some Derivatives (1965)

1. INTRODUCTION APPROXIMATELY 40 years have passed since reports first appeared concerning discolorations in eggs laid by hens fed cottonseed products. About 1930 it was recognized that two disorders were in evidence. In one, the egg white of stored eggs developed a pink or red color, so that the condition became known as the “pink white” disorder. The other effect, which may be present at the same time, was manifested by brown or olive colors in the yolk. The latter defect is attributed to the interaction of yolk iron with gossypol from the cottonseed pigment glands, and is aggravated when the pink white disorder occurs simultaneously. It was soon found that ingestion of other plants of the botanical order Malvales could also cause the appearance of pink whites in eggs, and later work was directed towards seeking the causes of the disorder among the plant products. Pink white discoloration of . . .
Prolactin-stimulated mitogenesis of cultured astrocytes (1992)

PRL has been reported to activate cell cycle-specific enzyme markers in nonreproductive tissues. To determine if PRL stimulates cell cycle-specific markers and cell growth in the central nervous system, the effect of PRL on cellular proliferation was examined in cultured astrocytes. Astrocytes from confluent cultures were plated onto glass slides at a density of 2 x 10(4) cell/ml 24 h before use. In some experiments, cells were serum deprived for 24 h (Go-arrested) after plating. Cell proliferation was examined directly by an increase in cell number and in individual cells by immunofluorescent detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrUd). When incubated with 1% serum, a small percentage (less than 5%) of the cells expressed PCNA. In cells cultured with rat PRL (10(-10)-10(-7) M) for 18 h, staining of PCNA increased in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal expression occurring at 10(-9) M PRL. At concentrations above 10(-9) M, PCNA staining decreased. To examine the specificity of the PRL-induced increase in PCNA, cells were incubated in the presences of 10(-9) M rat (r) or bovine (b) GH. Whereas incubation of astrocytes with rPRL and bPRL activated PCNA, cells incubated with either rGH or bGH showed only a slight increase in the number of cells expressing PCNA. Further, incubation of astrocytes with 1 nM PRL in the presence of 100 nM cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive agent that specifically displaces PRL from its receptor, decreased the percentage of nuclei stained for PCNA to that observed in non-PRL-stimulated controls. Transient exposure of cells to 10(-9) M PRL for 30 min resulted in an increase in the number of cells expressing PCNA when cultured for 18 h in the presence of 1% serum. In the presence of 1% serum, 10(-9) M PRL increased the incorporation of BrUd and resulted in a 3-fold increase in the doubling rate. In cells incubated in serum-free medium, only a few PCNA-positive cells could be detected. Treatment of Go-arrested astrocytes with PRL (10(-10)-10(-7) M) for 18 h resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the expression of PCNA. PCNA-positive cells were detected in cultures incubated with 10(-11) M PRL, with maximal expression at 10(-9) M.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Metabolism-guided drug design (2012)

Preclinical drug metabolism studies play a key role in the lead identification and optimization process in drug discovery. Characterization of the metabolic pathways of new chemical entities is an integral part of drug discovery not only in optimizing clearance properties but also in eliminating potential safety concerns associated with the formation of protein and/or DNA-reactive metabolites. Metabolism studies in early discovery have been used to identify metabolic soft spots leading to high metabolic instability, and also in the characterization of active metabolites. Availability of such information has aided in the rational design of compounds with increased resistance to metabolism and overall improvements in oral pharmacokinetics and dose size. Mechanistic drug metabolism studies have proven particularly invaluable in mitigating reactive metabolite risks, which can lead to mutagenicity, time-dependent inactivation of cytochrome P450 enzymes and/or idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Characterization of stable conjugates derived from bioactivation of small molecule drug candidates provides indirect information on the structure of the reactive metabolite species, thereby providing insight into the bioactivation mechanism and hence a rationale on which to base subsequent chemical intervention strategies. This review will showcase case studies of metabolism-guided drug design using literature and in-house examples.
<title>Shape-from-focus: surface reconstruction of hybrid surfaces</title> (1991)

The shape-from-focus method uses different focus levels to obtain a sequence of object images and to estimate depth of image points. Recently, S. K. Nayar and Y. Nakagawa have treated the shape extraction problem of rough surfaces. This paper extends their approach to hybrid surfaces -- partially rough and partially smooth.
Bcl-2 inhibition of neural death: decreased generation of reactive oxygen species (1993)

The proto-oncogene bcl-2 inhibits apoptotic and necrotic neural cell death. Expression of Bcl-2 in the GT1-7 neural cell line prevented death as a result of glutathione depletion. Intracellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides rose rapidly in control cells depleted of glutathione, whereas cells expressing Bcl-2 displayed a blunted increase and complete survival. Modulation of the increase in reactive oxygen species influenced the degree of cell death. Yeast mutants null for superoxide dismutase were partially rescued by expression of Bcl-2. Thus, Bcl-2 prevents cell death by decreasing the net cellular generation of reactive oxygen species.
Nanosystems for skin hydration: a comparative study (2007)

The present investigation describes a comparative study for the design of innovative topical formulation for skin hydration. In particular, different colloidal forms based on lipidic components have been produced and characterized. Morphology and dimensional distribution have been investigated by means of electron microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Nanoparticulate systems characterized by different morphology and dimensions depending on production procedures have been obtained, namely cubosomes, nanovesicles, solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes. Hydration power has been studied by means of a corneometer, measuring the skin electrical capacitance before and after the application of opportunely viscosized nanoparticulate systems. It has been demonstrated that nanovesicle gel displayed a pronounced hydration power with respect to the other nanostructured forms, its hydration effect on skin was 3.5-fold higher, with respect to the untreated area, after 5 min from the application and 1.5-fold higher after 2 h.
Identification and characterization of the human type II collagen gene (COL2A1). (1985)

The gene contained in the human cosmid clone CosHcol1, previously designated an alpha 1(I) collagen-like gene, has now been identified. CosHcol1 hybridizes strongly to a single 5.9-kilobase mRNA species present only in tissue in which type II collagen is expressed. DNA sequence analysis shows that this clone is highly homologous to the chicken alpha 1(II) collagen gene. These data together suggest that CosHcol1 contains the human alpha 1(II) collagen gene COL2A1. The clone appears to contain the whole gene (30 kilobases in length) and will be extremely useful in the study of cartilage development and for identifying those inherited chondrodystrophies in which defects occur in this gene.
[Colchicinoids--their toxicity and biological activity]. (1995)

The cytotoxicity of 32 colchicinoids in isolated rat hepatocytes was studied. Their effect was examined by biochemical parameters-lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lipid peroxidation and by changes in reduced glutathione level. Only compounds with methylsulfonyl group at C-10 were significantly hepatotoxic.
Evidence for a possible role of the brain kallikrein-kinin system in the modulation of the cerebral circulation. (1985)

Experiments by others have shown that exogenous bradykinin dilates cerebral arterioles and that the brain contains kininogen and kallikrein, the latter being the enzyme which converts kininogen to bradykinin. The objective of these experiments was to determine if bradykinin produced from endogenous brain kininogen can affect the cerebral microcirculation. Rabbit pial arteriolar diameter was measured with a microscope using the closed cranial window technique. Topical application of bradykinin (10(-8)-10(-5) M) induced a dose-dependent vasodilation (8-46%) which was completely inhibited by the cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitors indomethacin and meclofenamic acid. Topical application of 1 U of tissue kallikrein per milliliter of artificial cerebrospinal fluid induced 43% dilation, which could be prevented by local treatment with indomethacin or the proteinase inhibitor aprotinin. The action of aprotinin and indomethacin was specific, since aprotinin did not affect the dilation produced by bradykinin, and indomethacin did not affect dilation produced by adenosine. A second application of kallikrein had no effect on cerebral diameter, yet the arterioles still responded normally to exogenous bradykinin, indicating that the first application of kallikrein depleted brain kininogen. We suggest that activation of brain kallikrein and subsequent formation of kinin from brain kininogen may be important in modulation of cerebral blood flow or generation of cerebral edema.
Prolactin Inhibits BCL6 Expression in Breast Cancer through a Stat5a-Dependent Mechanism (2010)

BCL6 is a transcriptional repressor that recognizes DNA target sequences similar to those recognized by signal transducer and activator of transcriptions 5 (Stat5). BCL6 disrupts differentiation of breast epithelia, is downregulated during lactation, and is upregulated in poorly differentiated breast cancer. In contrast, Stat5a mediates prolactin-induced differentiation of mammary epithelia, and loss of Stat5 signaling in human breast cancer is associated with undifferentiated histology and poor prognosis. Here, we identify the mammary cell growth factor prolactin as a potent suppressor of BCL6 protein expression in human breast cancer through a mechanism that requires Stat5a, but not prolactin-activated Stat5b, MEK-ERK, or PI3K-AKT pathways. Prolactin rapidly suppressed BCL6 mRNA in T47D, MCF7, ZR75.1, and SKBr3 breast cancer cell lines, followed by prolonged reduction of BCL6 protein levels within 3 hours. Prolactin suppression of BCL6 was enhanced by overexpression of Stat5a but not Stat5b, was mimicked by constitutively active Stat5a, but did not require the transactivation domain of Stat5a. Stat5 chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated physical interaction with a BCL6 gene regulatory region, and BCL6 transcript repression required histone deacetylase activity based on sensitivity to trichostatin A. Functionally, BCL6 overexpression disrupted prolactin induction of Stat5 reporter genes. Prolactin suppression of BCL6 was extended to xenotransplant tumors in nude mice in vivo and to freshly isolated human breast cancer explants ex vivo. Quantitative immunohistochemistry revealed elevated BCL6 in high-grade and metastatic breast cancer compared with ductal carcinoma in situ and nonmalignant breast, and cellular BCL6 protein levels correlated negatively with nuclear Stat5a (r = -0.52; P < 0.001) but not with Stat5b. Loss of prolactin-Stat5a signaling and concomitant upregulation of BCL6 may represent a regulatory switch facilitating undifferentiated histology and poor prognosis of breast cancer.