gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elektropolimerisasi Anilin secara Potensiostatik dengan Penambahan Dopan (2014)

Penelitian tentang elektropolimerisasi anilin dengan metode potensiostatik telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh senyawa polimer polianilin dengan konduktivitas yang tinggi melalui pendekatan elektropolimerisasi. Anilin dielektrolisis menggunakan elektroda besi dan karbon dan ditambahkan H2SO4 hingga terbentuk endapan. Konsentrasi anilin yang digunakan adalah 0,7 M dengan metanol sebagai pelarut. Metode yang digunakan adalah potensiostatik dalam larutan 100 mL pada potensial 5 V selama 20 menit. Karakter produk dari hasil elektropolimerisasi yang terbentuk dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan FTIR. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa elektropolimerisasi anilin dengan melibatkan proses doping dengan menggunakan H2SO4 menghasilkan senyawa polianilin yang konduktif.
Text mining meets workflow: linking U-Compare with Taverna (2010)

http://u-compare.org/taverna.html, http://u-compare.org.
Tumor response based on adapted Macdonald criteria and assessment of pseudoprogression (PsPD) in the phase III AVAglio trial of bevacizumab (Bv) plus temozolomide (T) plus radiotherapy (RT) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). (2013)

2002^ Background: Until recently the primary criteria for assessing response to GBM therapy were those by Macdonald et al. (JCO 1990;8:1277–80). Advances in imaging technology/targeted therapies exposed limitations, addressed in 2010 by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Working Group. Prior to this, the AVAglio study similarly adapted Macdonald criteria to address anti-angiogenic therapy/corticosteroid use by incorporating non-contrast-enhancing components and integrating a strict algorithm to standardize assessment of possible PsPD. Methods: Randomisedpts (n=921) received: T/RT + Bv or placebo (P), 6 wks; 28-d break; maintenance T + Bv or P (6 cycles); monotherapy Bv or P until PD/unacceptable toxicity. Tumor response was investigator (inv)-assessed by MRI (adapted Macdonald criteria) at baseline (BL), end of break, every 2nd maintenance cycle, every 9 wks during monotherapy, at PD and 9 wks post-PD. PsPD was inv-assessed at the end of the break. A ≥25% increase in index lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-index lesions relative to BL and in the absence of clinical deterioration was assessed as PsPD. Confirmatory PsPD assessment: end of the 2nd maintenance cycle. If progression was confirmed, PsPD was retrospectively designated as PD. If PsPD was confirmed, pts remained on treatment and the 1st post-RT MRI was used as a new BL. Best ORR was evaluated in pts with lesions at BL, excluding pts with confirmed PsPD. Results: Co-primary endpoint of inv-assessed PFS was longer for pts receiving Bv+RT/T compared with P+RT/T (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.55–0.74; p&lt;0.0001). Best ORR and PsPD are shown (Table). Conclusions: Addition of Bv to 1st-line T/RT significantly improves ORR. The rate of confirmed PsPD was low in both arms. Clinical trial information: NCT00943826. [Table: see text]
Acute Kidney Injury After Near-Drowning In A Pool (2020)

Introduction Acute kidney injury is a neglected complication of submersion injury. Case Report A young man presented to a hospital after a near drowning event. He was clinically stable and discharged well from the hospital. He sought medical attention few days later for non-specific symptoms. His was found to have to severe acute kidney injury despite being fairly well and clinically stable. He was treated and recovered without need for hemodialysis. Conclusion Acute kidney injury presents in a delayed fashion after submersion injury. Acute kidney injury may not be apparent immediately after a drowning event and victims should be re-evaluated for acute kidney injury a few days after the initial event.
Cranial Nerves in Health and Disease (2002)

1. Olfactory Nerve 2. Optic Nerve 3. Oculomotor Nerve 4. Trochlear Nerve 5. Trigeminal Nerve 6. Abducens Nerve 7. Facial Nerve 8. Vestibulocochlear Nerve 9. Glossopharyngeal Nerve 10. Vagus Nerve 11. Accessory Nerve 12. Hypoglossal Nerve 13. Coordinated Eye Movements
Hyperthyroidism stimulates mitochondrial proton leak and ATP turnover in rat hepatocytes but does not change the overall kinetics of substrate oxidation reactions (1994)

Thyroid hormones have well-known effects on oxidative phosphorylation, but there is little quantitative information on their important sites of action. We have used top-down elasticity analysis, an extension of metabolic control analysis, to identify the sites of action of thyroid hormones on oxidative phosphorylation in rat hepatocytes. We divided the oxidative phosphorylation system into three blocks of reactions: the substrate oxidation subsystem, the phosphorylating subsystem, and the mitochondrial proton leak subsystem and have identified those blocks of reactions whose kinetics are significantly changed by hyperthyroidism. Our results show significant effects on the kinetics of the proton leak and the phosphorylating subsystems. Quantitative analyses revealed that 43% of the increase in resting respiration rate in hyperthyroid hepatocytes compared with euthyroid hepatocytes was due to differences in the proton leak and 59% was due to differences in the activity of the phosphorylating subsystem. There were no significant effects on the substrate oxidation subsystem. Changes in nonmitochondrial oxygen consumption accounted for -2% of the change in respiration rate. Top-down control analysis revealed that the distribution of control over the rates of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP synthesis and consumption, and proton leak and over mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi m) was similar in hepatocytes from hyperthyroid and littermate-paired euthyroid controls. The results of this study include the first complete top-down elasticity and control analyses of oxidative phosphorylation in hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats.
Fetal erythropoiesis following bone marrow transplantation (1976)

“Fetal” erythrocytes are present in older children and certain adults with hematologic disorders. To determine if regenerating bone marrow produces such cells, we examined the blood of seven allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients. Six patients were engrafted with donor cells, while on e patients recovered autologous bone marrow after rejection of a marrow transplant. All seven patients had fetal hemoglobin levels of up to 10% by 100 days after transplant. In three patients, the Ggamma to Agamma ratio in the fetal hemoglobin was “newborn”, while in one it was “adult”. Gamma chain synthesis in blood and bone marrow never exceeded 20% of total non-alpha globin synthesis. The fetal hemoglobin was heterogeneously distributed in the cells. High titer i antigen also appeared. All fetal characteristics declined by 200 days. Erythropoiesis during bone marrow recovery appears to be associated with an accelerated, albeit partial, recapitulation of ontogeny.
A BCR–JAK2 fusion gene as the result of a t(9;22)(p24;q11.2) translocation in a patient with a clinically typical chronic myeloid leukemia (2005)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of a t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), which leads to the well-known BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. We describe a patient who was diagnosed clinically with a typical CML but on cytogenetic analysis was found to have a t(9;22)(p24;q11.2). Chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the BCR gene locus spanned the breakpoint at band 22q11.2 but that the ABL1 gene was not rearranged. By means of a candidate gene approach, the JAK2 gene, at 9p24, was identified as the fusion partner of BCR in this case. The BCR-JAK2 fusion protein contains the coiled-coil dimerization domain of BCR and the protein tyrosine kinase domain (JH1) of JAK2. The patient's disease did not respond to Imatinib, and this unresponsiveness was most likely a result of the BCR-JAK2 fusion protein.
Resident fibroblast lineages mediate pressure overload–induced cardiac fibrosis (2014)

Activation and accumulation of cardiac fibroblasts, which result in excessive extracellular matrix deposition and consequent mechanical stiffness, myocyte uncoupling, and ischemia, are key contributors to heart failure progression. Recently, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and the recruitment of circulating hematopoietic progenitors to the heart have been reported to generate substantial numbers of cardiac fibroblasts in response to pressure overload-induced injury; therefore, these processes are widely considered to be promising therapeutic targets. Here, using multiple independent murine Cre lines and a collagen1a1-GFP fusion reporter, which specifically labels fibroblasts, we found that following pressure overload, fibroblasts were not derived from hematopoietic cells, EndoMT, or epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Instead, pressure overload promoted comparable proliferation and activation of two resident fibroblast lineages, including a previously described epicardial population and a population of endothelial origin. Together, these data present a paradigm for the origins of cardiac fibroblasts during development and in fibrosis. Furthermore, these data indicate that therapeutic strategies for reducing pathogenic cardiac fibroblasts should shift from targeting presumptive EndoMT or infiltrating hematopoietically derived fibroblasts, toward common pathways upregulated in two endogenous fibroblast populations.
<title>Screen printed organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) on a flexible substrate</title> (2001)

OTFTs have recently received much attention because organic materials are more compatible with low temperature and low cost on flexible substrates than a-Si TFTs<SUP>1</SUP>. In addition, printing processes are more compatible with OTFT fabrication than a-Si TFTs<SUP>2</SUP>. This paper reports a materials compatibility study of various organic gate dielectrics with screen-printed electrodes for pentacene based TFTs. Standards were prepared using the polymer dielectrics and gold drain/source electrodes on a glass substrate. Poly(vinylphenol) (PVP) and benzocyclobutene (BCB) were spin coated and parylene was vapor deposited as dielectric materials. Pentacene was vapor deposited onto the substrates. Test devices were fabricated by painting drain/source electrodes onto the 3 dielectrics. The pentacene/PVP/gold devices had the best performance with mobilities near 0.3 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V-sec, on/off current ratios between 10<SUP>3</SUP>-10<SUP>4</SUP>. When screen printable electrodes were introduced to the PVP system, device performance was significantly degraded. The BCB device performance was nearly the same for each device material; the parylene device performance was superior with the screen printable conductive inks relative to the gold devices. Using these data, a potentially low cost device was fabricated on a Mylar substrate with an ITO gate electrode, parylene dielectric, and screen-printed silver ink for drain/source electrodes. On/off current ratios were between 10<SUP>3</SUP> and 10<SUP>4</SUP>. Mobilities ranged from 0.02 - 0.08 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V-sec.
Use of Heart Rate as an Index of Work Output (1957)

The work and recovery pulse rates of human beings exercising at different levels of activity have been shown to be of value in judging the intensity and duration of work performed. Because of the linear correlation existing between the oxygen consumption and pulse rate, at least at the beginning of the exercise, it is suggested that pulse rate can be used as an indirect measure in calorimetric studies. The main factors involved in muscular activity fatigue are those concerned with the supply of oxygen to the muscles and the dissipation of heat produced. These two factors are dependent on the ability of the circulating system to adapt itself to body requirements. Since the heart rate is directly affected by these circulatory changes, its use as an index of fatigue resulting from muscular activity is also suggested. Submitted on April 17, 1956
Analysis of the Paragraph Vector Model for Information Retrieval (2016)

Previous studies have shown that semantically meaningful representations of words and text can be acquired through neural embedding models. In particular, paragraph vector (PV) models have shown impressive performance in some natural language processing tasks by estimating a document (topic) level language model. Integrating the PV models with traditional language model approaches to retrieval, however, produces unstable performance and limited improvements. In this paper, we formally discuss three intrinsic problems of the original PV model that restrict its performance in retrieval tasks. We also describe modifications to the model that make it more suitable for the IR task, and show their impact through experiments and case studies. The three issues we address are (1) the unregulated training process of PV is vulnerable to short document over-fitting that produces length bias in the final retrieval model; (2) the corpus-based negative sampling of PV leads to a weighting scheme for words that overly suppresses the importance of frequent words; and (3) the lack of word-context information makes PV unable to capture word substitution relationships.
Regional mitogenic response of the meniscus to platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF‐AB) (1995)

Since meniscal healing is region-specific, we studied the regional (peripheral compared with central) response of meniscal explants to human, recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-AB. Meniscal explants from the hindlimbs of both knees of mature sheep were sectioned and were cultured with variable doses of human, recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-AB, and incorporation of [3H]-thymidine was measured. The mitogenic response was measured at different times in culture (48 or 96 hours) and by location (lateral or medial). In the absence of the growth factor, the peripheral third of both menisci incorporated 10-fold more [3H]-thymidine on a weight basis than did the central two-thirds. Cellularity was equivalent in the two regions. Doses of less than 100 ng/ml of growth factor produced either no stimulation or a variable response. A dose of 100 ng/ml resulted in consistent, significant (p < 0.05) stimulation in all groups in the peripheral region, and a dose of 200 ng/ml provided more than a 2.5-fold increase. Multiple-factor analysis of variance demonstrated that there were no significant differences between experiments, times in culture, or menisci. The central region did not respond to stimulation with the growth factor at any of the doses tested. These data suggest that regional differences (peripheral compared with central) in responsiveness to human, recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-AB may reflect a different level of signal transduction machinery for growth factor receptors and distinct fibrobchondrocyte populations. These findings are consistent with the variable healing capacity of the meniscal regions in vivo and suggest a pharmacological means to promote the repair of the peripheral meniscal region.
The 'noisier channel' (2007)

This paper presents a new paradigm for translation from inflectionally rich languages that was used in the University of Maryland statistical machine translation system for the WMT07 Shared Task. The system is based on a hierarchical phrase-based decoder that has been augmented to translate ambiguous input given in the form of a confusion network (CN), a weighted finite state representation of a set of strings. By treating morphologically derived forms of the input sequence as possible, albeit more "costly" paths that the decoder may select, we find that significant gains (10% BLEU relative) can be attained when translating from Czech, a language with considerable inflectional complexity, into English.
Augmented antitumor effect of recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha by indomethacin. (1988)

In murine syngeneic tumor models, the antitumor effect of recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha (rHu IL-1 alpha) was significantly augmented by oral coadministration of indomethacin (IND). The augmentation was more or less observed by various routes of rHu IL-1 alpha (i.m., i.v., and intratumoral routes), against various tumors (Meth A sarcoma, colon 26 adenocarcinoma, B16 melanoma, and Lewis lung carcinoma) and irrespective of administration timings (in early and late stages of tumor growth). This results suggests that prostaglandin E2 produced by host cells in response to rHu IL-1 alpha and/or by tumor mass might interfere with the antitumor activity of rHu IL-1 alpha and also that cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as IND might counteract such interference. In the combination of rHu IL-1 alpha with IND, its efficacious doses (5-50 micrograms/kg) against murine tumors were at least 300-3000 times lower than its median lethal dose (more than 15 mg/kg). In addition, IND partially prevented the loss of body weight attributed to rHu IL-1 alpha injections at relatively high doses. Combined use of rHu IL-1 alpha with IND seems to be desirable from both therapeutic and toxicological viewpoints.
Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma. (1986)

We have determined that the bcl-2 (B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2) gene is transcribed into three overlapping mRNAs, and we have cloned bcl-2 cDNA sequences. Sequence analysis of the bcl-2 cDNA clones and comparison of their sequences to their genomic counterparts indicate that the bcl-2 gene contains at least two exons. The three bcl-2 transcripts, which are 8.5, 5.5, and 3.5 kilobases (kb) long, overlap within the first exon, but only the 8.5-kb and 5.5-kb transcripts contain sequences of the second exon. The 8.5-kb and 5.5-kb transcripts seem to use different polyadenylylation sites. Sequence analysis of the cDNA clones corresponding to the 5.5-kb and 3.5-kb mRNAs indicates that the two bcl-2 transcripts carry two overlapping open reading frames, one of which is 717 nucleotides long and codes for a protein (bcl-2 alpha) of 239 amino acids and a molecular mass of 26 kDa, while the other codes for a protein of 205 amino acids (bcl-2 beta, molecular mass 22 kDa) that is identical to bcl-2 alpha except at the carboxyl terminus. The bcl-2 protein products in follicular lymphomas with or without bcl-2 rearrangements are identical to the normal bcl-2 products.
Pharmacokinetic-driven phase I study of DCC-2618 a pan-KIT and PDGFR inhibitor in patients (pts) with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and other solid tumors. (2017)

2515 Background: DCC-2618 is a potent switch control inhibitor of KIT and PDGFR kinases active in a broad range of mutations. GIST is an important disease to achieve a proof-of-concept due to the heterogeneity of KIT resistance mutations, which emerge on treatment with approved KIT inhibitors. Methods: This was a PK-guided dose escalation study of oral DCC-2618 (QD or BID q28 days) in advanced solid tumors. FDG-PET scans were used to assess changes in FDG uptake in GIST pts after 3 wks of therapy. Next generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma cell-free (cf) DNA was performed throughout the study to assess and quantify KIT and other molecular alterations in drug targets and potential mechanisms of resistance. Results: 38 pts were enrolled (30 GIST; 4 glioma; 1 mastocytosis, 3 other carcinoma) to 8 dose levels: BID doses: 20 (4 pts), 30 (4), 50 (5), 100 (6), 150 (6) and 200 mg (3); QD doses: 100 (5) and 150 mg (4). Safety of evaluable pts is as follows: G3 or G4 adverse effects (regardless of attribution and occurring in &gt; 1 pt) included anemia (5), lipase increase (4), hypertension (2). Two of the G3/4 lipase increase at 100 mg BID and 200 mg BID were DLTs. All G3/4 lipase increase were asymptomatic. G1/2 AEs (considered at least possibly related to DCC-2618) and occurring in ≥15% (n &gt; 5) of pts include fatigue (12), alopecia &amp; lipase increase (7), weight decrease (6). Starting with 50 mg BID dose level, trough concentrations of total drug exceeded the IC90 of the least sentivitive KIT mutations. Plasma concentrations &gt; 5μM were achieved starting at 100 mg BID and the selection of the expansion phase dose is being finalized. Of 18 pts with KIT mutant GIST assessed by FDG PET, 14 (78%) had partial metabolic response per EORTC criteria. RANO/RECIST partial responses (PRs) were reported in 3 patients (1 GBM with PDGFRA/KIT amplifications and 2 GIST with Ex 11 &amp; 17 / Ex 11 &amp; 18 mutations, respectively). NGS of plasma cfDNA revealed 44 KIT mutations in baseline samples from 19 of 21 pts with GIST. Conclusions: DCC-2618 is well tolerated with encouraging preliminary activity in GIST pts with a broad spectrum of mutations and prior therapies. PR was also seen in a pt with GBM with PDGFRA/KIT amplifications. Clinical trial information: NCT02571036.
Astragalus-Based Chinese Herbs and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials (2006)

Astragalus-based Chinese herbal medicine may increase effectiveness of platinum-based chemotherapy when combined with chemotherapy. These results require confirmation with rigorously controlled trials.
Disruption of COX-2 modulates gene expression and the cardiac injury response to doxorubicin (2006)

To determine the role of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in anthracycline-induced cardiac toxicity, we administered doxorubicin (Dox) to mice with genetic disruption of COX-2 (COX-2-/-). After treatment with Dox, COX-2-/- mice had increased cardiac dysfunction and cardiac cell apoptosis compared with Dox-treated wild-type mice. The expression of the death-associated protein kinase-related apoptosis-inducing protein kinase-2 was also increased in Dox-treated COX-2-/- animals. The altered gene expression, cardiac injury, and dysfunction after Dox treatment in COX-2-/- mice was attenuated by a stable prostacyclin analog, iloprost. Wild-type mice treated with Dox developed cardiac fibrosis that was absent in COX-2-/- mice and unaffected by iloprost. These results suggest that genetic disruption of COX-2 increases the cardiac dysfunction after treatment with Dox by an increase in cardiac cell apoptosis. This Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in COX-2-/- mice was attenuated by a prostacyclin analog, suggesting a protective role for prostaglandins in this setting.
Transient Expression of a Soluble and Secreted form of Heterodimeric T-Cell Receptor in Hek-293 (2006)

Biologically active human T-cell receptor (TCR) was expressed as a secreted recombinant protein in 293 cells. Correct α/ß chain pairing was facilitated by complementary charged peptides (leucine zipper) at the C terminus. Two plasmids, coding for the α and ß chains were constructed and prepared using commercially available purification kits. After optimizing transfection conditions for secretion of heterodimeric TCR in 12 well plates, transfections were performed in spinner flasks. The transfection efficiency was determined with a co-transfected ß-gal expression vector nd correlated with TCR levels as determined by ELISA. Product was isolated by affinity chromatography. Biological activity, i.e. ligand binding was tested. Transiently produced recombinant soluble TCR showed similar affinity to the ligand as receptors purified from cell membranes.