gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PU.1 induces myeloid lineage commitment in multipotent hematopoietic progenitors (1998)

Little is known about the transcription factors that mediate lineage commitment of multipotent hematopoietic precursors. One candidate is the Ets family transcription factor PU.1, which is expressed in myeloid and B cells and is required for the development of both these lineages. We show here that the factor specifically instructs transformed multipotent hematopoietic progenitors to differentiate along the myeloid lineage. This involves not only the up-regulation of myeloid-specific cell surface antigens and the acquisition of myeloid growth-factor dependence but also the down-regulation of progenitor/thrombocyte-specific cell-surface markers and GATA-1. Both effects require an intact PU.1 transactivation domain. Whereas sustained activation of an inducible form of the factor leads to myeloid lineage commitment, short-term activation leads to the formation of immature eosinophils, indicating the existence of a bilineage intermediate. Our results suggest that PU.1 induces myeloid lineage commitment by the suppression of a master regulator of nonmyeloid genes (such as GATA-1) and the concomitant activation of multiple myeloid genes.
High‐Yielding, Two‐Step 18F Labeling Strategy for 18F‐PARP1 Inhibitors (2011)

Speedy and easy! An 18F-labeled PARP1 imaging agent, based on AZD2281, was prepared via an inverse electron demand Diels–Alder cycloaddition in high radiochemical yield for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. This strain-promoted ‘bioorthogonal’ reaction is envisioned to be a widely applicable 18F-labeling strategy for repeat and on-demand synthesis of small molecules for PET imaging. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Autocrine stimulation of interleukin 1 alpha in the growth of adult human T-cell leukemia cells. (1989)

In a previous study, we reported that adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells produce interleukin 1 (IL1)-like factors that stimulate murine thymocyte proliferation, the production of interleukin 2 (IL2), and the expression of IL2 receptors (IL2R) on normal human T-cells in the presence of concanavalin A. In this communication, we studied the effect of IL1 on the growth of ATL cells in vitro. When ATL cells freshly obtained from patients were cultured with recombinant (r) human IL1 alpha, IL1 beta, or IL1-like factors produced by ATL cell lines, the growth of ATL cells was stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner. Maximum stimulation was observed at a concentration of 50-100 units/ml of IL1. The expression of IL2R on ATL cells was also enhanced by IL1, but the production of IL2 was not induced. These effects of rIL1 alpha or beta were specifically inhibited by anti-IL1 alpha or anti-IL1 beta antibody. Furthermore, the spontaneous growth of ATL cells was also inhibited by anti-IL1 alpha antibody, but not by anti-IL1 beta antibody. ATL cells exhibited enhanced expression of IL1 receptors on their surface as detected by the binding of 125I-labeled rIL1 alpha. These results suggest that IL1 alpha produced by ATL cells stimulates the growth of ATL cells by an autocrine mechanism.
Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-binding Protein-3 Induces Apoptosis and Mediates the Effects of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Programmed Cell Death through a p53- and IGF-independent Mechanism (1997)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) is known to block IGF action and inhibit cell growth. IGFBP-3 is thought to act by sequestering free IGFs or, possibly, act via a novel IGF-independent mechanism. Supporting its role as a primary growth inhibitor, IGFBP-3 production has been shown to be increased by cell growth-inhibitory agents, such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and the tumor suppressor gene p53. In this paper, we demonstrate, for the first time, a novel function of IGFBP-3 as an apoptosis-inducing agent and show that this action is mediated through an IGF.IGF receptor-independent pathway. In the p53 negative prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, the addition of recombinant IGFBP-3 resulted in a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis. 125I-IGFBP-3 bound with high affinity to specific proteins in PC-3 cell lysates and plasma membrane preparations. These membrane-associated molecules may serve as receptors that mediate the direct effect of IGFBP-3 on apoptosis. In addition, in an IGF receptor-negative mouse fibroblast cell line, treatment with recombinant IGFBP-3 as well as transfection of the IGFBP-3 gene induced apoptosis, suggesting that neither IGFs nor IGF receptors are required for this action. Furthermore, treatment with TGF-beta1, a known apoptosis-inducing agent, resulted in the induction of IGFBP-3 expression 6-12 h before the onset of apoptosis. This effect of TGF-beta1 was prevented by co-treatment with IGFBP-3-neutralizing antibodies or IGFBP-3-specific antisense thiolated oligonucleotides. These findings suggest that IGFBP-3 induces apoptosis through a novel pathway independent of either p53 or the IGF.IGF receptor-mediated cell survival pathway and that IGFBP-3 mediates TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells.
Dynamics of Myoblast Transplantation Reveal a Discrete Minority of Precursors with Stem Cell–like Properties as the Myogenic Source (1999)

Myoblasts, the precursors of skeletal muscle fibers, can be induced to withdraw from the cell cycle and differentiate in vitro. Recent studies have also identified undifferentiated subpopulations that can self-renew and generate myogenic cells (Baroffio, A., M. Hamann, L. Bernheim, M.-L. Bochaton-Pillat, G. Gabbiani, and C.R. Bader. 1996. Differentiation. 60:47-57; Yoshida, N., S. Yoshida, K. Koishi, K. Masuda, and Y. Nabeshima. 1998. J. Cell Sci. 111:769-779). Cultured myoblasts can also differentiate and contribute to repair and new muscle formation in vivo, a capacity exploited in attempts to develop myoblast transplantation (MT) for genetic modification of adult muscle. Our studies of the dynamics of MT demonstrate that cultures of myoblasts contain distinct subpopulations defined by their behavior in vitro and divergent responses to grafting. By comparing a genomic and a semiconserved marker, we have followed the fate of myoblasts transplanted into muscles of dystrophic mice, finding that the majority of the grafted cells quickly die and only a minority are responsible for new muscle formation. This minority is behaviorally distinct, slowly dividing in tissue culture, but rapidly proliferative after grafting, suggesting a subpopulation with stem cell-like characteristics.
iPhone 4S All-in-One For Dummies (2012)

From the Book: Cool Features Send a text, picture, contact, or video to any iPad, iPhone, or iPod touch running iOS 5 using the new iMessage feature in the Messages app. Apples new Find My Friends app lets you use your iOS 5 device to locate your friends and family when youre out and about to make sure no one gets lost in the crowd. Remove red eye, crop, rotate an image, or improve the lighting, contrast, and color balance of your favorite photos using iOS 5s built-in photo-editing tools The Reader feature lets you eliminate clutter when reading articles in the Safari browser. Twitter is now integrated into iOS 5 and lets you tweet directly from Safari, Photos, Camera, YouTube, and more. Organize your to-do list and send yourself alerts with the new Reminders app. Flag and store articles and other web content that you want to read just not now with Reading List. Use your voice to send messages, set reminders, make phone calls, and even find what the weathers like around the world with your virtual personal assistant, Siri.
Biodegradation of nitrobenzene through a hybrid pathway in Pseudomonas putida (1995)

The biodegradation of nitrobenzene was attempted by using Pseudomonas putida TB 103 which possesses the hybrid pathway combining the tod and the tol pathways. Analysis of the metabolic flux of nitrobenzene through the hybrid pathway indicated that nitrobenzene was initially oxidized to cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-nitrocyclohexa-3,5-diene by toluene dioxygenase in the tod pathway and then channeled into the tol pathway, leading to the complete biodegradation of nitrobenzene. A crucial metabolic step redirecting the metabolic flux of nitrobenzene from the tod to the tol pathway was determined from the genetic and biochemical studies on the enzymes involved in the tol pathway. From these results, it was found that toluate-cis-glycol dehydrogenase could convert cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-nitrocyclohexa-3,5-diene to catechol in the presence of NAD(+) with liberation of nitrite and the reduced form of NAD(+) (NADH) into the medium. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Adult-generated hippocampal and neocortical neurons in macaques have a transient existence (2001)

Previously we reported that new neurons are added to the hippocampus and neocortex of adult macaque monkeys. Here we compare the production and survival of adult-generated neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus, prefrontal cortex, and inferior temporal cortex. Twelve adult macaques were injected with the thymidine analogue BrdUrd, and the phenotypes of labeled cells were examined after 2 h, 24 h, 2 wk, 5 wk, 9 wk, and 12 wk by using the following immunocytochemical markers: for immature and mature neurons, class III beta-tubulin (TuJ1); for mature neurons, neuronal nuclei; for astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein; and for oligodendrocytes, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase. We found that the dentate gyrus had many more BrdUrd-labeled cells than either neocortical area. Furthermore, a greater percentage of BrdUrd-labeled cells expressed a neuronal marker in the dentate gyrus than in either neocortical area. The number of new cells in all three areas declined by 9 wk after BrdUrd labeling, suggesting that some of the new cells have a transient existence. BrdUrd-labeled cells also were found in the subventricular zone and in the white matter between the lateral ventricle and neocortex; some of the latter cells were double-labeled for BrdUrd and TuJ1. Adult neocortical neurogenesis is not restricted to primates. Five adult rats were injected with BrdUrd, and after a 3-wk survival time, there were cells double-labeled for BrdUrd and either TuJ1 or neuronal nuclei in the anterior neocortex as well as the dentate gyrus.
Cationic liposomal paclitaxel in combination with gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: A phase II trial (2009)

4526 Background: EndoTAG-1 is a novel cationic liposomal formulation of paclitaxel being developed for the treatment of solid malignancies. It acts by targeting activated negatively charged endothelial cells of tumor blood vessels. We present safety and efficacy data of a randomized, controlled phase II trial in pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods: 200 patients with advanced PC were randomized to 1 st line treatment with weekly gemcitabine (GEM: 1000 mg/m 2 ) and twice weekly infusions of EndoTAG-1 (E) at 3 different dose levels (E low : 11 mg/m 2 , E med : 22 mg/m 2 , E high : 44 mg/m 2 ) or GEM monotherapy. Patients were treated for 7 weeks and followed up for overall survival (OS) for at least 1 year. After finishing study treatment, any anti-tumor therapy was allowed. A subgroup of patients had the option to receive repeated cycles of combination therapy in case of at least stable disease according to RECIST until disease progression. Results: Median OS was substantially higher in the GEM+E med and GEM+ E high groups than the GEM monotherapy group. Adjusted hazard ratios for OS were 0.72 (95% CI 0.46–1.13) and 0.67 (0.43–1.07). In patients receiving &gt;1 treatment cycle, median OS was 11.5 months (GEM+E high ); in the GEM+E med group 75% of patients were alive at 1 year. Treatment with EndoTAG-1 and gemcitabine was generally well tolerated. A trend for increasing adverse event frequency with EndoTAG-1 dose was observed for infusion-related reactions associated with chills and pyrexia, and thrombocytopenia. The overall frequency of serious adverse events in the GEM+E groups was low, the most frequent SAE being pyrexia in 4 (8%) patients in the GEM+E high group. There was no indication for significant organ toxicity associated with EndoTAG-1, even in patients receiving multiple treatment cycles. Conclusions: This phase II trial indicates a considerable survival benefit for patients with advanced PC receiving EndoTAG-1 in combination with gemcitabine and a favourable safety profile warranting further development of EndoTAG-1 in this indication. [Table: see text]
Chemotherapy for tumours using clostridial oncolysis, antibiotics and cyclophosphamide: model trial on the UVT 15264 tumour. (1982)

Lysis of the UVT 15264 tumour in mice of the 17/Berlin-Buch strain as induced by intravenous injection of Clostridium butyricum H8 spores is followed by the tumour diameter and survival time. In animals thus treated, tumour regression is incomplete and the mean survival time drops below that of tumour-bearing animals not treated with spores. With concurrent antibiotic treatment survival time is prolonged to exceed that of untreated animals, without affecting ocolysis-provoked tumour regression. When spore is combined with cyclophosphamide, tumour regression is considerably improved, but the survival resembles that of untreated tumour-bearing animals; with both cyclophosphamide and antibiotic treatment survival resembles that of spore-treated animals.
Structure–Activity Relationships, Pharmacokinetics, and in Vivo Activity of CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 Inhibitors (2015)

CYP11B2, the aldosterone synthase, and CYP11B1, the cortisol synthase, are two highly homologous enzymes implicated in a range of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. We have previously reported the discovery of LCI699, a dual CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 inhibitor that has provided clinical validation for the lowering of plasma aldosterone as a viable approach to modulate blood pressure in humans, as well normalization of urinary cortisol in Cushing's disease patients. We now report novel series of aldosterone synthase inhibitors with single-digit nanomolar cellular potency and excellent physicochemical properties. Structure-activity relationships and optimization of their oral bioavailability are presented. An illustration of the impact of the age of preclinical models on pharmacokinetic properties is also highlighted. Similar biochemical potency was generally observed against CYP11B2 and CYP11B1, although emerging structure-selectivity relationships were noted leading to more CYP11B1-selective analogs.
Bio-inspired, Moisture-Powered Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles (2016)

Hygromorph artificial muscles are attractive as self-powered actuators driven by moisture from the ambient environment. Previously reported hygromorph muscles have been largely limited to bending or torsional motions or as tensile actuators with low work and energy densities. Herein, we developed a hybrid yarn artificial muscle with a unique coiled and wrinkled structure, which can be actuated by either changing relative humidity or contact with water. The muscle provides a large tensile stroke (up to 78%) and a high maximum gravimetric work capacity during contraction (2.17 kJ kg(-1)), which is over 50 times that of the same weight human muscle and 5.5 times higher than for the same weight spider silk, which is the previous record holder for a moisture driven muscle. We demonstrate an automatic ventilation system that is operated by the tensile actuation of the hybrid muscles caused by dew condensing on the hybrid yarn. This self-powered humidity-controlled ventilation system could be adapted to automatically control the desired relative humidity of an enclosed space.
A Promising Vector for TCR Gene Therapy: Differential Effect of siRNA, 2A Peptide, and Disulfide Bond on the Introduced TCR Expression (2012)

Adoptive immunotherapy using TCR gene-modified T-lymphocytes is an attractive strategy for targeting malignancies. However, TCR mispairings between endogenous and introduced TCR chains are a major concern, as they may induce mixed TCRs with unknown specificities and may reduce the expression of therapeutic TCRs. To overcome these problems, we have recently established a novel retroviral siTCR vector encoding small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knockdown endogenous TCR genes for the efficient expression of therapeutic TCRs. In this study, to improve the efficacy of siTCR vectors, we developed 2A peptide-based siTCR vectors that could increase the expression levels of transduced TCRs compared with internal promoter-based siTCR vectors. We also evaluated the efficacy of an siTCR strategy and the addition of a new interchain disulfide bond created by cysteine modification. We found that the effect of the cysteine modification depended on TCR variations, while the siTCR strategy improved the expression of all TCRs tested. Furthermore, the combined effect of the siTCR and cysteine modification strategies was highly significant for certain TCRs. Therefore, our novel siTCR technology, in isolation or in combination with another strategy, may open the door to effective immunotherapy for cancer patients.Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids (2012) 1, e63. doi:10.1038/mtna.2012.52; published online 18 December 2012.
An OCR system for business cards (2002)

An experimental business card recognition system is described that recognizes Japanese business cards of a wide variety both in formats and fonts. It also classifies recognition results into several predefined categories so that a business card database is built automatically. The overall procedure divides into a character recognition phase and a linguistic processing phase. In the first phase, the system gives a strictly local approach toward line segmentation to cope with slanted images. In the linguistic processing phase, recognition result strings generated in the former phase are analysed, classified and verified with the help of built databases. Some experimental results are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis of cycloprop[c]indol-5-ones from 4-diazo-3-[n-(2-propenyl)amido]cyclohexadien-1-ones. Exploration of copper(I) and copper(II) complexes as catalysts (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of cycloprop[c]indol-5-ones from 4-diazo-3-[n-(2-propenyl)amido]cyclohexadien-1-ones. Exploration of copper(I) and copper(II) complexes as catalystsRichard J. Sundberg and William J. PittsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 9, 3048–3054Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00009a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00009a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views781Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effects of the Human Intestinal Flora on Germ‐free Mice (1981)

The effects of complete human intestinal flora and of intestinal anaerobes on germ‐free mice were studied. The gross composition of the flora of mice was similar to that of the flora with which the animals had been contaminated and appeared to be stable provided that the animals were kept isolated. The complete flora and the anaerobes reduced caecal weight to normal values and induced an antagonistic effect against Escherichia coli. In contrast to the complete flora, the anaerobes were not invasive in immunosuppressed mice and induced colonization resistance and antagonism against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Structural studies of a human gamma 3 myeloma protein (Goe) that binds staph protein A. (1981)

The partial amino acid sequence of the Fc region of an unusual monoclonal immunoglobulin molecule (Goe), which had the allotypic markers Gm (b0, b3, b5, s, t, v), rarely encountered in Caucasians, was determined. Protein Goe was previously shown to belong to the gamma 3 subclass by antigenic typing, to possess a gamma 3-like hinge region and a gamma 1-like carboxy-terminal octadecapeptide, and to bind to staphylococcal protein A. The sequence of protein Goe resembled that of gamma 3 molecules except for the presence of tyrosine at position 296, alanine at position 339, and histidine and tyrosine at positions 435 and 436. It is of interest that histidine 435 appears to play an important role in binding to Staph protein A. Since tyrosine and phenylalanine at 296 and 300 are typical of G3m(g) molecules, whereas protein Goe is G3m(g-), this may correspond to the non-b1 allotypic marker. Of the numerous explanations to account for these findings, the most likely possibilities are that protein Goe is either a hybrid molecule or the product of a germ line gene representing the G3m s allotype, which is rare in Caucasians and common in Mongoloid populations. Support for the latter alternative is provided by the isolation from normal serum of a small amount of a protein having many of the properties of protein Goe.
Mass fabrication and delivery of 3D multilayer μTags into living cells (2013)

Continuous monitoring of in vivo biological processes and their evolution at the cellular level would enable major advances in our understanding of biology and disease. As a stepping stone towards chronic cellular monitoring, we demonstrate massively parallel fabrication and delivery of 3D multilayer micro-Tags (μTags) into living cells. Both 10 μm × 10 μm × 1.5 μm and 18 μm × 7 μm × 1.5 μm devices containing inductive and capacitive structures were designed and fabricated as potential passive radio-frequency identification tags. We show cellular internalization and persistence of μTags over a 5-day period. Our results represent a promising advance in technologies for studying biology and disease at the cellular level.
A Mathematical Model Based Method for Diagnosing Failures in Automotive Electronic Systems (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;With the increasing use of complex electronics in automobiles, diagnosis of failures (including calibration shift) of components has become a major issue. This paper presents a method which has the capability of diagnosing failures of any component at any level of failure for automotive electronic systems.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The method presented here is based upon mathematical models for the system under diagnosis. These models are run onboard the vehicle in a digital computer and implemented with such highly efficient algorithms that real time diagnosis is possible onboard the vehicle. Although the details of the method are specific for failures in each major class of component (e.g. sensor, actuator, controller), this paper demonstrates that any failure which can be represented in the model can be diagnosed uniquely and distinguished from other failures.&lt;/div&gt;