gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of Meta Learning for Regression (2009)

In regression applications, there is no single algorithm which performs well with all data since the performance of an algorithm depends on the dataset used. In practice, different algorithms / approaches are tried, and the best one is selected in each application. It is meaningful to ask whether there is a different way instead of running such tedious experiments. In meta learning studies, one investigates clues for the performance of an algorithm over a dataset using several features of the dataset. In this context, it is important to estimate which dataset features (meta features) are most significant for the performance of the algorithm. In the literature, meta learning studies mostly specialize to classification problems. In this study, meta regression problems are comprehensively studied on 3 big dataset collections (totally 181 datasets). New and existent meta features (about 300) are used. The relationships between the datasets and the algorithms are investigated. Several relations are found between meta features and related performances. The created meta datasets are made available to interested researchers.
SIN-1 reduces platelet adhesion and platelet thrombus formation in a porcine model of balloon angioplasty. (1993)

SIN-1 reduces platelet adhesion and platelet-thrombus formation following experimental angioplasty. The antiadhesive effects of SIN-1 are independent of changes in systemic hemodynamics. These results imply that the administration of a nitric oxide donor may prove effective in modifying the pathophysiological response to angioplasty injury.
Ovarian development and final oocyte maturation in cultured sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus (2004)

The histological changes in the ovary of sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus were examined during vitellogenesis and final oocyte maturation. Ovaries contained oocytes at the perinucleolus stage at the start of the experiment in January. Oocytes at the primary yolk stage appeared when the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was slightly on the rise in March. After that, vitellogenesis progressed and ovaries contained oocytes at the tertiary yolk stage in May. The GSI increased drastically at the same time. These results suggest that vitellogenesis in sevenband grouper starts or is already in progress in March and is completed by May, In order to clarify the process of final oocyte maturation, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analog (des Gly10, [D-Ala6] LHRH ethylamide) was implanted in fish with oocytes at the tertiary yolk stage. The oocytes developed to the migratory nucleus stage in 18 h and reached the maturation stage in 42 h after implantation. This indicates that final oocyte maturation is completed within 42 h after stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
Sensitive and Specific Photometric Determination of Mannitol in Human Serum (2003)

Mannitol is an osmotically active polyalcohol often present in fluids used for irrigation of exposed tissue during minimal invasive surgery. Since this polyol normally is not detected in human plasma to any significant extent, it may be used as a laboratory marker of absorption of mannitol-containing irrigative fluids during surgery. For this aim, we developed a photometric assay of mannitol in human blood or serum that may be performed in a near-patient setting. Following deproteinization of the sample with trichloroacetic acid, the supernatant is mixed with NAD+ and a commercially available preparation of mannitol 2-dehydrogenase and is incubated at pH 7.8 and at 37 degrees C for 30 to 60 minutes. At the end of the incubation period the solution is appropriately diluted and the concentration of NADH formed by oxidation of mannitol is determined photometrically at 340 nm. The limit of detection of serum mannitol with this assay is 0.05 mmol/l, the linear range of measurement extends to about 3 mmol/l. At analyte concentrations of 0.48, 1.38 and 3.48 mmol/l, coefficients of inter-assay variation of 12.1, 6.7 and 4.9%, respectively, were obtained. The analytical recovery of mannitol added to serum samples was close to 100%. Of 27 polyalcohols, monosaccharides and oligosaccharides tested, none exhibited a measurable substrate activity and only D-fructose significantly inhibited the oxidation of mannitol at sample concentrations above 10 mmol/l; the enzymatic reaction, however, was strongly affected by EDTA. The suitability of the assay as a routine diagnostic tool for detection and quantification of intraoperatively absorbed irrigation fluid was demonstrated by analyzing mannitol in serum samples obtained from 24 patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of HIV-1 Patients with Primary Infection (1993)

Better characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in patients with primary infection has important implications for the development of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccine because vaccine strategies should target viral isolates with the properties of transmitted viruses. In five HIV-1 seroconverters, the viral phenotype was found to be uniformly macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium-inducing. Furthermore, the viruses were genotypically homogeneous within each patient, but a common signature sequence was not discernible among transmitted viruses. In the two cases where the sexual partners were also studied, the sequences of the transmitted viruses matched best with minor variants in the blood of the transmitters. There was also a stronger pressure to conserve sequences in gp120 than in gp41, nef, and p17, suggesting that a selective mechanism is involved in transmission.
Tn916-generated, lipooligosaccharide mutants of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1994)

A library of Tn916-generated, tetracycline-resistant (Tc) mutants of the group B Neisseri meningitidis strain NMB was screened by using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognize structural differences in neisserial lipooligosaccharide (LOS). The LOS of parental strain NMB had a relative molecular mass of 4.5 kDa, reacted with MAbs 3F11 and 6B4 but not with MAb 4C4 or 6E4, and contained a lacto-N-neotetrose unit. Two phenotypically stable mutants, SS3 and R6, altered in LOS, were identified by colony immunoblots, electrophoresis, and Western immunoblots. The LOS of mutant SS3 was 3.4 kDa and reacted with MAbs 4C4 and 6E4 but not MAb 3E11 or 6B4. The LOS of mutant R6 was 3.1 to 3.2 kDa and reacted with MAb 6E4 but not MAb 3F11, 6B4, or 4C4. Thus, the LOSs of the R6 and SS3 mutants were predicted to contain different truncations of the core oligosaccharide. The LOS phenotype of each mutant was linked to Tc(r), as determined by transformation of the parent strain with DNA from the mutant. Southern hybridizations and single-specific-primer PCR revealed in each mutant a single truncated tn916 insertion which had lost genes required for mobilization. Tn916 mutagenesis was used to identify two distinct genetic sites in the meningococcal chromosome involved in biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide chain of LOS and to create genetically defined LOS mutants of N. meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Spectral self-coherence restoral: a new approach to blind adaptive signal extraction using antenna arrays (1990)

A new approach to blind adaptive signal extraction using narrowband antenna arrays is presented. The approach has the capability to extract communication signals from cochannel interference environments using only known spectral correlation properties of those signals, i.e. without using knowledge of the content or direction of arrival of the transmitted signal, or the array manifold or background noise covariance of the receiver, to train the antenna array. The class of spectral self-coherence restoral (SCORE) objective functions is introduced, and algorithms for adapting antenna arrays to optimize these objective functions are developed. Using the theory of spectral correlation, it is shown by analysis and simulation that these algorithms maximize the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio at the output of the narrowband antenna array when a single communication signal with spectral self-coherence at a known value of frequency separation, along with an arbitrary number of interferers without spectral self-coherence at that frequency separation, are impinging on the array.
Chemical modification of amino groups in staphylococcal enterotoxin B (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical modification of amino groups in staphylococcal enterotoxin BFun Sun Chu, Elizabeth Crary, and Merlin S. BergdollCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 7, 2890–2896Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00835a030https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00835a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cocrystallization of melaminium levulinate monohydrate (2004)

Crystals of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium levulinate (4-oxopentanoate) monohydrate, C(3)H(7)N(6)(+).C(5)H(7)O(3)(-).H(2)O, are formed via self-assembled hydrogen bonding by cocrystallization of melamine and levulinic acid. Two N-H.N hydrogen bonds and four N-H.O hydrogen bonds connect two melaminium entities such that each of two pairs of N-H.O bonds bridges two H atoms belonging to the amine groups of two different melaminium cations via the carbonyl O atom of one levulinate molecule.
Block based DMT systems with reduced redundancy (2002)

There has been great interest in the design of DMT (discrete multitone) transceivers. An M-band DMT transceiver is called block based if the transmitter and the receiver consist of constant matrices. The commonly used DMT systems are mostly block based, e.g., the DFT based system used in transmission over digital subscriber lines. For an FIR channel of order L, it is known that redundancy of length L enables the receiver to cancel ISI completely. Such a scheme allow us to trade bandwidth for ISI cancellation. In block based DMT (BDMT) systems, the redundancy K is typically chosen to be the same as the order of the channel L. We consider BDMT transceiver with redundancy K /spl les/ L. With the reduced redundancy better bandwidth efficiency can be obtained as demonstrated by examples. Furthermore minimum redundancy for BDMT systems are derived and the transceivers are parameterized whenever intersymbol interference (ISI) solutions exist.
Hydrodynamic Damage to Animal Cells (2001)

Animal cells are affected by hydrodynamic forces that occur in culture vessel, transfer piping, and recovery operations such as microfiltration. Depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the force, and the specifics of the cell, the force may induce various kinds of responses in the subject cells. Both biochemical and physiological responses are observed, including apoptosis and purely mechanical destruction of the cell. This review examines the kinds of hydrodynamic forces encountered in bioprocessing equipment and the impact of those forces on cells. Methods are given for quantifying the magnitude of the specific forces, and the response thresholds are noted for the common types of cells cultured in free suspension, supported on microcarriers, and anchored to stationary surfaces.
Gene Transfer of Dominant-Negative Mutants of Extracellular Signal–Regulated Kinase and c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Prevents Neointimal Formation in Balloon-Injured Rat Artery (2001)

We previously reported that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), belonging to mitogen-activated protein kinases, are rapidly activated in balloon-injured artery. Therefore, we examined the role of these kinase activations in neointimal formation by using an in vivo gene transfer technique. We made the dominant-negative mutants of ERK (DN-ERK) and JNK (DN-JNK) to specifically inhibit endogenous ERK and JNK activation, respectively. Before balloon injury, these mutants were transfected into rat carotid artery using the hemagglutinating virus of Japan liposome method. In vivo transfection of DN-ERK and DN-JNK significantly suppressed the activation of ERK and JNK, respectively, after balloon injury, confirming successful expression of the transfected genes. Neointimal formation at 14 and 28 days after injury was prevented by gene transfer of DN-ERK or DN-JNK. Furthermore, bromodeoxyuridine labeling index and total cell-counting analysis at 7 days showed that either DN-ERK or DN-JNK remarkably suppressed smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in both the intima and the media after injury. Gene transfer of wild-type ERK (W-ERK) or JNK (W-JNK) significantly enhanced neointimal hyperplasia at 14 days after injury. Furthermore, DN-ERK and DN-JNK significantly suppressed serum-induced SMC proliferation in vitro. We obtained the first evidence that in vivo gene transfer of DN-ERK or DN-JNK prevented neointimal formation in balloon-injured artery by inhibiting SMC proliferation. Thus, ERK and JNK activation triggers SMC proliferation, leading to neointimal formation. These kinases may be the new therapeutic targets for prevention of vascular diseases.
Current and Future Prospects for Epigenetic Biomarkers of Substance Use Disorders (2015)

Substance abuse has an enormous impact on economic and quality of life measures throughout the world. In more developed countries, overutilization of the most common forms of substances of abuse, alcohol and tobacco, is addressed primarily through prevention of substance use initiation and secondarily through the treatment of those with substance abuse or dependence. In general, these therapeutic approaches to substance abuse are deemed effective. However, there is a broad consensus that the development of additional tools to aid diagnosis, prioritize treatment selection and monitor treatment response could have substantial impact on the effectiveness of both substance use prevention and treatment. The recent demonstrations by a number of groups that substance use exposure is associated with robust changes in DNA methylation signatures of peripheral blood cells suggests the possibility that methylation assessments of blood or saliva could find broad clinical applications. In this article, we review recent progress in epigenetic approaches to substance use assessment with a particular emphasis on smoking (and alcohol) related applications. In addition, we highlight areas, such as the epigenetics of psychostimulant, opioid and cannabis abuse, which are markedly understudied and could benefit from intensified collaborative efforts to define epigenetic biomarkers of abuse and dependence.
Effect of CDP-choline on learning and memory processes in rodents. (1992)

The effects of cytidine (5') diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) on learning and memory were studied using conditioned reflex methods for passive avoidance and active avoidance with punishment reinforcement (step-through, step-down, shuttle box and maze), for active avoidance with alimentary reinforcement (staircase maze), and the Morris water maze. The majority of experiments involved comparative studies of the nootropic drugs meclofenoxate and/or piracetam. CDP-choline was administered orally, in some of the experiments also intraperitoneally, at doses of 10-500 mg/kg body weight once or twice daily for 5 or 7 days. In separate cases only single doses were administered. Trainings started one hour after the last dose of the drugs. Retention tests were given 3 h, 24 h, 7 days or 10 days after training. The results obtained with the different methods document CDP-choline's ability to improve learning and memory in rats and mice. No essential differences in the effects of CDP-choline were established upon oral and intraperitoneal administration of the drug. The learning- and memory-facilitating effects of CDP-choline were similar to those of meclofenoxate and piracetam. The results of the present study permit us to define CDP-choline as a substance capable of improving cognitive levels.
From the Mouse to the Mass Spectrometer:  Detection and Differentiation of the Endoproteinase Activities of Botulinum Neurotoxins A−G by Mass Spectrometry (2005)

We have developed an assay (Endopep-MS) that detects the specific endoproteinase activities of all seven BoNT types by mass spectrometry (MS). Each BoNT type cleaves a unique site on proteins involved in neuronal transmission. Target peptide substrates based on these proteins identify a BoNT type by its enzymatic action on the substrate and the production of two peptide products, which are then detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS or liquid chromatography electrospray ionization MS/MS. We showed the ability to detect all seven toxin types in a multiplexed assay format. The detection limits achieved range from 0.039 to 0.625 mouse LD(50)/mL for toxin types A, B, E, and F in a buffer system. The Endopep-MS assay is the first to differentiate all seven BoNT types, is sensitive, specific, and has the potential to quantify toxin activity.
Kinetics and mechanisms of platinum(II)-promoted hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphates (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanisms of platinum(II)-promoted hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphatesRathindra N. Bose, Richard D. Cornelius, and Ronald E. ViolaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 24, 3989–3996Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00218a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Beyond schema evolution to database reorganization (1990)

While the contents of databases can be easily changed, their organization is typically extremely rigid. Some databases relax the rigidity of database organization somewhat by supporting simple changes to individual schemas. As described in this paper, OTGen supports not only more complex schema changes, but also database reorganization. A database administrator uses a declarative notation to describe mappings between objects created with old versions of schemas and their corresponding representations using new versions. OTGen generates a transformer that applies the mappings to update the database to the new definitions, thus facilitating improvements in performance, functionality, and usability of the database. 1
Eine Temperatursprungmethode zur Untersuchung chemischer Relaxation (1959)

Abstract Mit Hilfe kurzzeitiger Hochspannungsimpulse lassen sich in elektrisch leitenden Systemen Temperatursprünge sehr hoher Flankensteilheit erzeugen. Ein anwesendes Reaktionssystem ändert bei endlicher Reaktionsenthalpie dadurch sprungartig seine Gleichgewichtslage; chemische Relaxationsvorgänge können auf diese Weise direkt beobachtet werden. In der hier beschriebenen Versuchsanordnung erfolgen die Temperatursprünge innerhalb einiger Mikrosekunden. Die Verfolgung des Reaktionsablaufs geschieht durch oszillographische Registrierung der Änderungen der optischen Absorption im Zeitbereich zwischen 1 und 10 −5 sec. Es wird über einige Anwendungen der Methode, insbesondere Messungen der Relaxationsspektren der schnellen Unwandlungen von P H‐ und Metallindikatoren (Phenolphthalein und Phthaleinpurpur/Ca in gepufferter Lösung) berichtet.
Macrophages in Allergic Asthma: Fine-Tuning Their Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Actions for Disease Resolution (2011)

Macrophages exert prominent effects in the defense of the respiratory tract from airborne pathogens. These cells are specialized to recognize, phagocytose, and destroy these infectious agents and then promote appropriate tissue repair after successful pathogen clearance. For reasons that are not presently clear, macrophages appear to be inappropriately activated during asthma responses. Evidence stems from the appearance of either classically (or M1) and alternatively activated (or M2) cells in the alveolar compartment of asthmatic lung. Macrophages localized in the interstitial area of the lung appear to be less prone to polarization toward either the M1 or M2 phenotype as these cells predominately express interleukin-10 and exhibit immunoregulatory properties. Effective treatment of clinical asthma, regardless of severity, might depend on restoring an appropriate balance between M1, M2, and immunoregulatory macrophages in the lung.
2Mb Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (SPRAM) with Bit-by-Bit Bidirectional Current Write and Parallelizing-Direction Current Read (2007)

A 1.8V 2Mb spin-transfer torque RAM chip using a 0.2 μm logic process with an MgO tunneling barrier cell demonstrates the circuit technologies for potential low-power non-volatile RAM, or universal memory. This chip features an array scheme with bit-by-bit bidirectional current write to achieve proper spin-transfer torque writing in 100ns, and parallelizing-direction current reading with a low-voltage bit-line that leads to 40ns access time.