gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Hemoglobin Mass-A New Parameter to Detect Blood Doping? (2008)

tHb-mass shows very low individual oscillations during a training year (<6%), and these oscillations are below the expected changes in tHb-mass due to Herythropoetin (EPO) application or blood infusion (approximately 10%). The high stability of tHb-mass over a period of 1 year suggests that it should be included in an athlete's biological passport and analyzed by recently developed probabilistic inference techniques that define subject-based reference ranges.
Encoding Combinatorial Libraries:  A Novel Application of Fluorescent Silica Colloids (2000)

A major challenge associated with using large chemical libraries synthesized on microscopic solid support beads is the rapid discrimination of individual compounds in these libraries. This challenge can be overcome by encoding the beads with 1 μm silica colloidal particles (“reporters”) that contain specific and identifiable combinations of fluorescent dyes. The colored bar code generated on support beads during combinatorial library synthesis can be easily, rapidly, and inexpensively decoded through the use of fluorescence microscopy. All reporters are precoated with polyelectrolytes [poly(acrylic acid), PAA, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), PSSS, polyethylenimine, PEI, and/or poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), PDADMAC] with the aim of enhancing surface charge, promoting electrostatic attraction to the bead, and facilitating polymer bridging between the bead and reporter for permanent adhesion. As shown in this article, reporters coated with polyelectrolytes clearly outperform uncoated reporters with regard to quantity of attached reporters per bead (54 ± 23 in 2500 μm2 area for PEI/PAA coated and 11 ± 6 for uncoated reporters) and minimization of cross-contamination (1 red reporter in 2500 μm2 area of green-labeled bead for PEI/PAA coated and 26 ± 15 red reporters on green-labeled beads for uncoated reporters after 10 days). Examination of various polyelectrolyte systems shows that the magnitude of the ξ-potential of polyelectrolyte-coated reporters (−64 mV for PDADMAC/PSSS and −42 mV for PEI/PAA-coated reporters) has no correlation with the number of reporters that adhere to the solid support beads (21 ± 16 in 2500 μm2 area for PDADMAC/PSSS and 54 ± 23 for PEI/PAA-coated reporters). The contribution of polymer bridging to the adhesion has a far greater influence than electrostatic attraction and is demonstrated by modification of the polyelectrolyte multilayers using γ irradiation of precoated reporters either in aqueous solution or in polyelectrolyte solution.
Feasibility Study of DC Offset Filtering for UTRA-FDD/WCDMA Direct-Conversion Receiver (1999)

This paper presents a feasibility study of DC offset filtering for direct-conversion UTRA-FDD/WCDMA receivers. Spectral characteristics and properties of continuous transmission facilitate the use of simple high-pass filtering and this method is evaluated in the paper. Design equations for DC offset power to down-converted signal power ratio are presented and the impact on bit error rate of high-pass filtering WCDMA signals is evaluated by UTRA-FDD system simulations. 1INTRODUCTION A S standardization work for third generation mobile communications (UMTS/UTRA-FDD) approaches its final stages, it is clear that WCDMA becomes one of the major supported schemes. Low terminal form factor and power consumption as well as extended functionality and bandwidth, call for higher levels of integration than present in current mobile terminals. To reach a proper tradeoff between performance and cost, silicon technologies, and preferably CMOS technologies, should be used. Due to various issu...
Hsp70 Molecular Chaperone Facilitates Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Protein Degradation of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in Yeast (2001)

Membrane and secretory proteins fold in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and misfolded proteins may be retained and targeted for ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). To elucidate the mechanism by which an integral membrane protein in the ER is degraded, we studied the fate of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our data indicate that CFTR resides in the ER and is stabilized in strains defective for proteasome activity or deleted for the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes Ubc6p and Ubc7p, thus demonstrating that CFTR is a bona fide ERAD substrate in yeast. We also found that heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), although not required for the degradation of soluble lumenal ERAD substrates, is required to facilitate CFTR turnover. Conversely, calnexin and binding protein (BiP), which are required for the proteolysis of ER lumenal proteins in both yeast and mammals, are dispensable for the degradation of CFTR, suggesting unique mechanisms for the disposal of at least some soluble and integral membrane ERAD substrates in yeast.
Levodopa‐induced dyskinesias improved by a glutamate antagonist in parkinsonia monkeys (1996)

Antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor have been reported to potentiate the antiparkinsonian action of levodopa and reverse levodopa-induced motor fluctuations in animal models of Parkinson's disease. To evaluate the effect of NMDA receptor blockade on dyskinesias complicating the response to long-term levodopa therapy, we studied the selective antagonist LY235959 in six 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned monkeys. Drugs were administered subcutaneously, LY235959 at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/kg and levodopa/benserazide at doses that produced moderate dyskinesias while almost totally reversing parkinsonian signs. Compared with vehicle control injections, LY235959 (3.0 mg/kg) abolished oral dyskinesias and diminished choreic dyskinesias by 68% (p < 0.01). Lower doses had smaller effects, although still significant, on oral dyskinesias (55% reduction at 1.0 mg/kg, p < 0.05). The highest LY235959 dose (5.0 mg/kg) prolonged oral dyskinesia suppression, but tended to increase dystonia severity. LY235959 had no effect on motor function when given alone and did not reduce the antiparkinsonian response to levodopa. These findings suggest that NMDA receptor blockade may ameliorate the dyskinetic complications of long-term levodopa therapy, without diminishing the beneficial effects on parkinsonian signs.
Zydelig (Idelalisib): First-in-Class PI3 Kinase Inhibitor Approved for the Treatment of 3 Hematologic Malignancies. (2015)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a cancer of B-cell lymphocytes, is the most common type of leukemia in Western adult patients.1 According to the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, more than 15,600 Americans were diagnosed with CLL in 2013.2

CLL is a disease of the elderly.3 The incidence of CLL increases significantly among individuals aged ≥50 years, with only a small fraction of patients diagnosed in their 30s and 40s.2 The majority of patients with CLL are diagnosed without symptoms, and typically learn that they have CLL after routine blood work.4 As it advances, CLL can cause severe fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, enlarged spleen, shortness of breath, and infections.4

The clinical course of CLL is heterogeneous. Although some patients with CLL live for decades with no treatment, others have disease that is rapidly aggressive.3 The survival of patients with CLL ranges from approximately 1 year to more than 20 years.5 According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for patients with CLL of all stages is approximately 79%.5

The cost burden associated with CLL is significant. Based on a recent cost analysis conducted in Germany, the total per-patient costs for patients with CLL is €9753 (approximately $12,202) annually compared with €4807 (approximately $6014) annually for individuals in a control group of the same age and sex.6 In this study, the economic burden of CLL was primarily driven by inpatient costs and by drug costs. From a societal perspective, productivity loss was the highest cost associated with a CLL diagnosis.6
Crown Gall: A Molecular and Physiological Analysis (1984)

Crop loss due to soil salinization is an increasing threat to agriculture worldwide. This review provides an overview of cellular and physiological mechanisms in plant responses to salt. We place cellular responses in a time- and tissue-dependent context ...Read More
A low-hemolysis blood aspirator conserves blood during surgery. (1996)

Blood damage caused by traditional vacuum-operated suction tubes, particularly when air is aspirated along with the blood, usually exceeds damage from all other components. In addition to platelet injury, there is a high degree of hemolysis, which leads to high plasma hemoglobin levels and reduces the number of red blood cells available for reinfusion during cases of blood conservation, such as autologous transfusion and cardiac bypass. This work was undertaken to minimize hemolysis, and the accompanying platelet destruction, during aspiration, with the design of a jet-driven aspirator that separates and removes air from blood immediately within the suction tip. The jet-driven aspirator can suction blood at a range of rates from 100 to at least 700 ml/min, separates and removes 80-100% of aspirated air, operates at any orientation, and generates subatmospheric pressures on the order of only 1 inch H2O. In-vitro hemolysis testing showed a significant reduction in average plasma hemoglobin release, from 19.4 mg/dl to 1.8 mg/dl, when air was removed during blood aspiration. In comparative testing with a conventional vacuum suction tube, the jet-driven aspirator showed significantly less hemolysis than the conventional aspirator at comparable rates of air and blood aspiration.
Human Hemato-Lymphoid System Mice: Current Use and Future Potential for Medicine (2013)

To directly study complex human hemato-lymphoid system physiology and respective system-associated diseases in vivo, human-to-mouse xenotransplantation models for human blood and blood-forming cells and organs have been developed over the past three decades. We here review the fundamental requirements and the remarkable progress made over the past few years in improving these systems, the current major achievements reached by use of these models, and the future challenges to more closely model and study human health and disease and to achieve predictive preclinical testing of both prevention measures and potential new therapies.
C2-Amidoglycosylation. Scope and Mechanism of Nitrogen Transfer (2002)

A one-pot C2-amidoglycosylation reaction for the synthesis of 2-N-acyl-2-deoxy-beta-pyranosides from glycals is described. Glycal donors activated by the reagent combination of thianthrene-5-oxide (11) and Tf2O, followed by treatment with an amide nucleophile and a glycosyl acceptor, lead to the formation of various C2-amidoglycoconjugates. Both the C2-nitrogen transfer and the glycosidic bond formation proceed stereoselectively, allowing for the introduction of both natural and nonnatural amide functionalities at C2 with concomitant anomeric bond formation in a one-pot procedure. Tracking of the reaction by low-temperature NMR spectroscopy employing 15N- and 18O-isotope labels suggests a mechanism involving the formation of the C2-sulfonium glycosyl imidate 39 as well as oxazoline 37 as key intermediates in this novel oxidative glycosylation process.
Automatic Hole-Filling of Triangular Meshes Using Local Radial Basis Function (2006)

Creating models of real objects is a complex task for which the use of traditional modeling techniques has proven to be difficult. To solve some of these problems, laser rangefinders are frequently used to sample an object's surface from several viewpoints resulting in a set of range images that are registered and integrated into a final triangulated model. In practice, due to surface reflectance properties, occlusions and accessibility limitations, certain areas of the object's surface are usually not sampled, leaving holes which create undesirable artifacts in the integrated model. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for the automatic hole-filling of triangulated models. The algorithm starts by locating hole boundary regions. A hole consists of a closed path of edges of boundary triangles that have at least an edge, which is not shared with any other triangle. The edge of the hole is then fitted with a b-spline where the average variation of the torsion of the b-spline approximation is calculated. Using a simple threshold of the average variation of the torsion along the edge, one can automatically classify real holes from man-made holes. Following this classification process, we then use an automated version of a radial basis function interpolator to fill the inside of the hole using neighboring edges. Excellent experimental results are presented.
Ứng dụng tư liệu MODIS hỗ trợ công tác quản lý tài nguyên và môi trường (2009)

Bài báo giới thiệu một phương pháp mới trong việc xây dựng các bản đồ dựa trên bản đồ lớp phủ thành lập từ tư liệu MODIS hỗ trợ công tác quản lý tài nguyên và môi trường. Đây là kết quả nghiên cứu của đề tài khoa học cơ bản 7009 06: Thử nghiệm áp dụng hệ thống tính toán lưới trong nghiên cứu tai biến thiên nhiên và môi trường Việt Nam. Số liệu đâu vào cơ bản là bản đồ lớp phủ được thành lập từ tư liệu MODIS đa thời gian do Trường tổng hợp Maryland, Hoa Kỳ cung cấp. Các số liệu khác như lượng mưa, mô hình số độ cao, nhiệt độ trung bình năm, xói mòn tiềm năng đã được tích hợp với bản đồ lớp phủ thông qua các mô hình logic để tạo nên các bản đồ dẫn xuất. Bản đồ rừng đã được xây dựng bằng phương pháp số dựa trên các chỉ tiêu về sinh thái theo quan điểm của Thái Văn Trừng. Đây là bản đồ rừng đầu tiên được xây dựng bằng phương pháp này. Bản đồ này tuy không cung cấp thông tin về trữ lượng nhưng chứa đựng nhiều thông tin về môi trường rừng của Việt Nam. Với sự sử dụng bản đồ lớp phủ kết hợp với các kiến thức thực tế về độ che phủ tán lá của Việt Nam tác giả giới thiệu một công nghệ xây dựng bản đồ độ che phủ tán lá. Bản đồ độ che phủ tán lá và trường mật độ che phủ tán lá được sử dụng để xây dựng bản đồ nhạy cảm xói mòn. Mô hình xác định nhạy cảm xói mòn dựa trên độ che phủ tán lá và xói mòn tiềm năng là một thử nghiệm cần có nhiều kiểm chứng thực địa hơn, tuy nhiên bản đồ này đã cho được một hiện trạng thực tế về các khu vực có nguy cơ xói mòn cao nhất dựa trên mật độ che phủ tán lá xác định từ bản đồ lớp phủ hàng năm.
Un sitio web tan versátil como una navaja suiza (2004)

Este es el segundo articulo de una serie de dos, acerca de los weblogs, cuadernos de bitacora o simplemente ?bitacoras?. Esta segunda parte profundizara mas acerca de la tecnologia de los cuadernos (sus formatos XML, RSS y formas de hacer asociadas), sobre el uso para narraciones y nuevo periodismo, y sobre aplicaciones educativas (comunicacion escrita entre pares y acerca del docente como editor en general).
Macrophages, T cell receptor usage, and endothelial cell activation in the pancreas at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (1992)

Current knowledge of the phenotype of mononuclear cells accumulating in pancreatic islets in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and factors determining their homing into the pancreas is limited. Therefore, a pancreas obtained at the onset of IDDM was studied in detail. Cryostat sections were stained for mononuclear cell types, T cell receptor subtypes, and adhesion molecules of vascular endothelium and studied by immunofluorescence microscopy, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were phenotyped using flow cytometry. Monocytes/macrophages (lysozyme- or CD 14-reactive cells) were identified among other mononuclear cell types in islet infiltrates. V beta 8-positive T cells were overrepresented, but T cells with other V beta s studied (V beta 5, V beta 5.1, V beta 6, V beta 12) were also found. The vascular endothelium of the islets and many small vessels nearby islets strongly expressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1, whereas vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin were totally absent. We conclude: (a) that increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on vascular endothelium may increase endothelial adhesion of mononuclear cells and enhance their accumulation in the pancreas during diabetic insulitis; (b) that T cells with certain T cell receptors can be enriched in infiltrated pancreatic islets; and (c) that macrophages and antigen-specific CD 8-positive T cells are involved in pancreatic beta cell destruction at the onset of IDDM.
Herringbone Buckling Patterns of Compressed Thin Films on Compliant Substrates (2004)

A thin metal film vapor deposited on thick elastomer substrate develops an equi-biaxial compressive stress state when the system is cooled due to the large thermal expansion mismatch between the elastomer and the metal. At a critical stress, the film undergoes buckling into a family of modes with short wavelengths characteristic of a thin plate on a compliant elastic foundation. As the system is further cooled, a highly ordered herringbone pattern has been observed to develop. Here it is shown that the herringbone mode constitutes a minimum energy configuration among a limited set of competing modes.
The influence of heated or cooled seats on the acceptable ambient temperature range (2007)

In 11 climate chamber experiments at air temperatures ranging from 15 to 45 degrees C, a total of 24 subjects, dressed in appropriate clothing for entering a vehicle at these temperatures, were each exposed to four different seat temperatures, ranging from cool to warm. In one simulated summer series, subjects were preconditioned to be too hot, while in other series they were preconditioned to be thermally neutral. They reported their thermal sensations, overall thermal acceptability and comfort on visual analogue scales at regular intervals. Instantaneous heat flow to the seat was measured continuously. At each ambient room temperature, the percentage dissatisfied was found to be a second-order polynomial function of local heat flow. Zero heat flow was preferred at an air temperature of 22 degrees C and the heat flow that minimized the percentage dissatisfied was found to be a single linear function of air temperature in all conditions. The analysis indicates that providing optimal seat temperature would extend the conventional 80% acceptable range of air temperature for drivers and passengers in vehicle cabins by 9.3 degrees C downwards and by 6.4 degrees C upwards.
The lytE Gene of Bacillus subtilis 168 Encodes a Cell Wall Hydrolase (1998)

Bacillus subtilis cell wall-bound protein CWBP33 is encoded by lytE, a gene expressed during the exponential growth phase. Sequence analysis of LytE, a 33-kDa protein, reveals two domains. The N-terminal domain contains a threefold-repeated motif common to several peptidoglycan binding proteins, while the C-terminal domain, probably carrying the catalytic activity, has homology with certain exoproteins. Zymographs unambiguously reveal that the absence of CWBP33, due to inactivation of lytE, is accompanied by the loss of a lytic activity. In lytE mutants, the cell autolysis rate is significantly decreased, although autolysis of corresponding, purified cell walls does not seem to be affected.
Enhancement of the Antitumor Effect of Methotrexate on Colorectal Cancer Cells via Lactate Calcium Salt Targeting Methionine Metabolism (2017)

Methionine (Met) is involved in one-carbon de novo nucleotide synthesis and is an essential amino acid for cell survival. The impact of lactate calcium salt (CaLa) on the Met metabolism was investigated to evaluate the enhanced antitumor effect of methotrexate (MTX) on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Met dependency relating to homocysteine (Hcy) and betaine was investigated in human CRC cells (HCT-116 and HT-29) using a viability assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Expression of betaine transporter-1 (BGT-1) following treatment with MTX alone or with CaLa was determined by Western blot. Enhanced antitumor effect due to malfunction of Met synthesis was confirmed. CRC cell viability decreased in Met-restricted medium, but was maintained after Hcy and betaine treatment while overcoming Met restriction. BGT-1 expression was downregulated following the treatment of dose-increased CaLa, whereas there was no effect on BGT-1 expression after MTX treatment. CaLa in combination with MTX induced reduced Met synthesis when CRC cell viability was reduced. The results indicated that CaLa-mediated BGT-1 downregulation inhibits Met synthesis by disrupting betaine homeostasis. CaLa raised the antitumor effect of MTX via secondary role in the inhibition of the de novo nucleotide synthesis. Combination therapy of MTX and CaLa could maximize the effectiveness of CRC treatment.
Genomic Analysis of a New Mammalian Distal-less Gene: Dlx7 (1996)

We have cloned a new Dlx gene (Dlx7) from human and mouse that may represent the mammalian orthologue of the newt gene NvHBox-5. The homeodomains of these genes are highly similar to all other vertebrate Dlx genes, and regions of similarity also exist between mammalian Dlx7 and a subset of vertebrate Dlx genes downstream of the homeodomain. The sequence divergence between human and mouse Dlx7 in these regions is greater than that predicted from comparisons of other vertebrate Dlx genes, however, and there is little sequence similarity upstream of the homeodomain both between these two genes and with other Dlx genes. We present evidence for alternative splicing of mouse Dlx7 upstream of the homeodomain that may account for some of this divergence. We have mapped human DLX7 distal to the 5' end of the HOXB cluster at an estimated distance of between 1 and 2 Mb by FISH. Both the human and the mouse Dlx7 are shown to be closely linked to Dlx3 in a convergently transcribed orientation. These mapping results support the possibility that vertebrate distal-less genes have been duplicated in concert with the Hox clusters.
Development of androgenetic mouse embryos produced by in vitro fertilization of enucleated oocytes (1993)

Enucleated mouse oocytes were successfully fertilized in vitro, and the resultant androgenetic eggs developed to the blastocyst stage. The proportion of enucleated oocytes fertilized in vitro was high (87-99%) at sperm concentrations ranging from 10-100 x 10(4)/ml. At high sperm concentrations (100-1,000 x 10(4)), 35-45% of the fertilized eggs resulted in heterozygous bispermic androgenones. The proportion of hemizygous haploid and heterozygous diploid androgenones developing to blastocysts was 11% and 43%, respectively. Hemizygous diploidization, however, showed no positive effect on development. These results clearly show that the procedure reported here is efficient and reliable for the production of androgenetic eggs.