gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclooxygenase‐ and lipoxygenase‐derived eicosanoids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with scleroderma lung disease: An imbalance between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory lipid mediators (2005)

Increased production of LTB(4) in the lungs of patients with SLD is not balanced by an up-regulation of 15-LOX-derived antiinflammatory/antifibrotic eicosanoids such as 15-HETE or LXA(4). Targeting the 5-LOX/15-LOX balance may be of practical value in the treatment of SLD.
Antitumor activity and novel DNA-self-strand-breaking mechanism of CNDAC (1-(2-C-cyano-2-deoxy-?-d-ARABINO-Pentofuranosyl) cytosine) and itsN4-palmitoyl derivative (CS-682) (1999)

We have studied the antitumor activity and the novel DNA-self-strand-breaking mechanism of CNDAC (1-(2-Ccyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosyl)cytosine) and its N4-palmitoyl derivative (CS-682). In vitro, CS-682 showed strong cytotoxicity against human tumor cells comparable with that of CNDAC; both compounds displayed a similar broad spectrum. In vivo, however, orally administered CS-682 showed a more potent activity against human tumor xenografts than CNDAC, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, 5-fluorouracil and 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine. Moreover, CS-682 was effective against various human organ tumor xenografts at a wide dose range and with low toxicity, and was effective against P388 leukemic cells resistant to mitomycin-C, vincristine, 5-fluorouracil or cisplatin in syngeneic mice. CNDAC, an active metabolite of CS-682, had a prolonged plasma half-life after repeated oral administrations of CS-682 but not after oral administrations of CNDAC itself. This difference may partially explain the higher antitumor activity of CS-682 relative to CNDAC. In both CNDAC- and CS-682-treated carcinoma cells, CNDAC 5'-triphosphate (CNDACTP) was generated and incorporated into a DNA strand. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometric analysis of the nucleosides prepared by digestion of the DNA from the CNDAC-treated cells detected ddCNC (2'-Ccyano-2',3 '-didehydro-2',3 '-dideoxycytidine), which was shown to be generated only when the self-strand-breakage of CNDACTP-incorporated DNA occurred. The cytotoxicity of CNDAC was completely abrogated by the addition of 2'-deoxycytidine and was low against cells with decreased deoxycytidine kinase. Our results suggest that CNDAC is converted to CNDACMP by deoxycytidine kinase and that the resulting CNDACTP incorporated into a DNA strand as CNDACMP may induce DNA-self-strand-breakage. This novel DNA-self-strand-breaking mechanism may contribute to the potent antitumor activity of CS-682.
Multi-Sensor Modules with Data Bus Communication Capability (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Automotive multi-sensor modules, capable of vehicle-wide communications via a data bus will be discussed. Proper sensor grouping, packaging and device placement are key issues in the implementation of smart sensor modules. Sensors that are candidates for clustering include temperature, acceleration, angular rate, barometric pressure, chemical, and light sensors. The capability to accommodate a variety of data bus communication protocols is required to satisfy the majority of automotive systems. System integration must be considered when employing a smart sensor network through-out an automobile in a cost effective manner. This paper will cover the module issues associated with sensing, packaging, electronics, communication and system integration.&lt;/div&gt;
Handbook of RAFT Polymerization (2008)

Spanning the entire field from fundamentals to applications in material science, this one-stop source is the first comprehensive reference for polymer, physical and surface chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and those chemists working in industry. From the contents: * Introduction: Living Free Radical Polymerization and the RAFT Process * Fundamental Structure-Reactivity Correlations Governing the RAFT Process * Mechanism and Kinetics * The RAFT Process as a Kinetic Tool * Theory and Practice in Technical Applications * RAFT Polymerization in Bulk and Organic Solvents, as well as Homogeneous Aqueous Systems * Emulsion and Mini-Emulsion Polymerization * Complex Architecture Design * Macromolecular Design via the Interchange of Xanthates * Surface Modification * Stability and Physical Properties of RAFT Polymers * Novel Materials: From Drug Delivery to Opto-Electronics * Outlook and Future Developments. © 2008 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Tumor Angiogenesis and Metastasis — Correlation in Invasive Breast Carcinoma (1991)

The number of microvessels per 200x field in the areas of most intensive neovascularization in an invasive breast carcinoma may be an independent predictor of metastatic disease either in axillary lymph nodes or at distant sites (or both). Assessment of tumor angiogenesis may therefore prove valuable in selecting patients with early breast carcinoma for aggressive therapy.
Intraperitoneal bispecific antibody (HEA125xOKT3) therapy inhibits malignant ascites production in advanced ovarian carcinoma (2002)

Bispecific antibody HEA125 x OKT3 was shown to redirect T lymphocytes toward carcinoma cells and to induce tumor cell lysis in vitro. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that tumor-associated lymphocytes (TAL) derived from malignant ascites can be used as effector cells with a high efficacy and without prior stimulation. These data provided the rationale for a clinical trial to investigate whether bsAb HEA125 x OKT3 is also able to induce tumor cell lysis in vivo and can be used for local treatment of malignant ascites arising from ovarian carcinoma. Ten ovarian carcinoma patients presenting with malignant ascites resistant to chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. They received weekly intraperitoneal injections of 1 mg bsAb diluted in 500 ml NaCl solution to allow homogeneous antibody distribution within the peritoneal cavity. All patients responded clinically well to the therapy. Eight patients experienced a complete and 2 patients a partial reduction of ascites production. A decrease or stabilization of tumor marker CA125 was detected in the sera of 8 patients. Only WHO Grade I and II toxicity was observed including mild fever, chills and allergic eczema. Thus, intraperitoneal application of bsAb HEA125 x OKT3 appears to be an easy and cost effective palliative treatment for ovarian carcinoma with recurrent ascites that leads to a substantially increased quality of life for the patients. During therapy TNF-alpha concentrations raised markedly in the ascites fluid whereas VEGF and sFLT-1 ascites levels declined. This indicates that not only T cell-mediated tumor cell lysis but also changes in vascular permeability due to downregulation of VEGF and its receptors might be responsible for the beneficial therapeutic effect.
Identification of a key amino acid of the beta2-adrenergic receptor for high affinity binding of salmeterol. (1998)

Transmembrane domains (TMDs) I, II, and VII of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) were replaced, individually or in combination, with the corresponding regions of the beta1AR, and vice versa. The beta2-selective binding of salmeterol was not affected by the exchange of TMD I between the beta1- and beta2ARs. The affinity of salmeterol was slightly decreased (32-fold) by replacement of TMD II of the beta2AR with the homologous region of the beta1AR; the affinity was strongly decreased (1870-fold) for the beta2AR with TMD VII of the beta1AR. The affinity of salmeterol was partially restored by the introduction of TMD VII, but not TMD II, of the beta2AR into the beta1AR. By analyzing alanine-substituted mutants, we found that Tyr308 in TMD VII was mainly responsible for the high affinity binding of salmeterol. Two salmeterol derivatives with the ether oxygen at different positions in the side chain showed 33- and 64-fold decreased affinities for the wild-type beta2AR, and a derivative with no ether oxygen showed 147-fold decreased affinity for the wild-type beta2AR. These results indicate that Tyr308 in TMD VII is the major amino acid conferring the beta2-selective binding of salmeterol to the beta2AR and that the position of the ether oxygen in the side chain is also important for beta2-selective binding. A three-dimensional model of the salmeterol-beta2AR complex shows that the phenyl group of Tyr308 interacts with methylene groups near the protonated amine of salmeterol and the ether oxygen interacts with Tyr316.
Mutational analysis of G protein alpha subunit G(o) alpha expressed in Escherichia coli. (1993)

G protein-mediated signal transduction is dependent on alpha subunit interactions with beta gamma subunits, receptors, effectors, magnesium ions, and guanine nucleotides. The interdependence of these interactions can be probed by mutational analysis. We developed large scale screening procedures in recombinant Escherichia coli to identify and characterize novel mutations in G(o) alpha. Random mutations were generated by polymerase chain reaction in the amino-terminal 56 amino acids of G(o) alpha. Guanine nucleotide binding properties of the mutants were assayed in situ and in crude extracts of recombinant E. coli. beta gamma interactions were assayed by pertussis toxin mediated ADP-ribosylation. Efficacy of the screening procedures was evaluated by studying properties of wild-type G(o) alpha and site-directed mutations that were characterized previously in other G proteins. Several novel mutants with altered GTP binding characteristics and reduced ability to interact with beta gamma had been isolated from the randomly generated mutant library. ADP-ribosylation of mutants R10G, K21N, and K35E was significantly reduced, whereas two of the mutants bearing multiple amino acid substitutions were refractory to modification. Mutant K35E also exhibited reduced affinity to guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate at submicromolar concentrations of magnesium. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using large scale random mutagenesis in the studies of G protein function.
Tos ferina: una enfermedad prevenible en aumento. Hospitalización en menores de 5 años en un centro de segundo nivel (periodo 2008-2012) (2015)

espanolIntroduccion y objetivo: La tos ferina, lejos de estar en proceso de erradicacion, presenta una incidencia cada vez mas elevada en nuestro medio. Si bien la mortalidad es menor del 1%, la morbilidad es elevada y supone un coste considerable para la sociedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la incidencia de las hospitalizaciones relacionadas con la tos ferina en ninos en un area periferica de Madrid. Metodos: Estudio retrospectivo mediante revision de la historia clinica electronica de los pacientes ingresados en el servicio de pediatria con diagnostico de sindrome pertusoide, desde enero de 2008 hasta diciembre de 2012. Se calcula la tasa de incidencia de hospitalizacion por sindrome pertusoide y el tiempo medio de la estancia. Resultados: La incidencia de hospitalizacion fue de 34 casos/100.000 menores de 5 anos/ano. En 2011 se concentraron mas del 25% de los casos, con una incidencia de 68/100.000 menores de 5 anos. El 100% de los casos se produjo en menores de 1 ano. Mas de la mitad de los pacientes tenia historia familiar de la enfermedad. La media (± desviacion estandar) de la estancia fue de 6,1 (± 3,5 dias). El 6,2% de los pacientes requirio el ingreso en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. No detectamos casos de mortalidad. Conclusiones: La incidencia de hospitalizacion por tos ferina en menores de 5 anos presenta una tendencia ascendente. EnglishBackground and aim: Pertussis or whooping cough is far from eradication, and the incidence is increasing in our environment. Although mortality rate is less than 1%, the morbidity is high, and involves a high cost to society. The aim of this study is to estimate the rate of hospital admissions in children due to whooping-cough in a peripheral area in Madrid. Methods: We carried out a retrospective epidemiological survey. Data were obtained by review of clinical electronic history. All hospital discharges in children under 5 (ICD-9-CM 033) between January 2008 and December 2012 were analyzed. We estimated the annual incidence of hospitalization for pertussis and average length of stay. Results: The annual incidence during the period of the study was 34 per 100,000 children under 5. Up to 25% of the cases occurred at 2011. 100% of children were less than 1 year of age; average age: 3.1 months (SD= 1.6). More than half (56%) concerned symptoms in the near-family. Average length of stay was 6.1 days (SD= 3.5). 6.2% of patients needed critical care assistance. There were no mortality cases. Conclusion: Rate of hospital admissions in children under 5 years due to whooping-cough is increasing.
Resolving brain regions using nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry imaging of phospholipids (2012)

In a variety of neurological diseases, pathological progression is cell type and region specific. Previous reports suggest that mass spectrometry imaging has the potential to differentiate between brain regions enriched in specific cell types. Here, we utilized a matrix-free surface mass spectrometry approach, nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS), to show that spatial distributions of multiple lipids can be used as a 'fingerprint' to discriminate between neuronal- and glial- enriched brain regions. In addition, glial cells from different brain regions can be distinguished based on unique lipid profiles. NIMS images were generated from sagittal brain sections and were matched with immunostained serial sections to define glial cell enriched areas. Tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS QTOF) on whole brain extracts was used to identify 18 phospholipids. Multivariate statistical analysis (Nonnegative Matrix Factorization) enhanced differentiation of brain regions and cell populations compared to single ion imaging methods. This analysis resolved brain regions that are difficult to distinguish using conventional stains but are known to have distinct physiological functions. This method accurately distinguished the frontal (or somatomotor) and dorsal (or retrosplenial) regions of the cortex from each other and from the pons region.
In Vitro Selection of Catalytic Polynucleotides (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn Vitro Selection of Catalytic PolynucleotidesRonald R. BreakerView Author Information Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8103 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 2, 371–390Publication Date (Web):April 1, 1997Publication History Received26 September 1996Revised27 November 1996Published online1 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr960008khttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr960008kresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1270Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Genetics,Molecules,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Overexpression of Ras‐GTPase‐activating protein SH3 domain‐binding protein 1 correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients (2015)

Our data define G3BP1 as a novel independent prognostic factor that is correlated with gastric cancer progression.
Energetics of Small Molecule and Water Complexation in Hydrophobic Calixarene Cavities (2006)

Calixarenes grafted on silica are energetically uniform hosts that bind aromatic guests with 1:1 stoichiometry, as shown by binding energies that depend upon the calixarene upper rim composition but not on their grafted surface density (0.02-0.23 nm(-2)). These materials are unique in maintaining a hydrophilic silica surface, as probed by H2O physisorption measurements, while possessing a high density of hydrophobic binding sites that are orthogonal to the silica surface below them. The covalently enforced cone-shaped cavities and complete accessibility of these rigidly grafted calixarenes allow the first unambiguous measurements of the thermodynamics of guest interaction with the same calixarene cavities in aqueous solution and vapor phase. Similar to adsorption into nonpolar protein cavities, adsorption into these hydrophobic cavities from aqueous solution is enthalpy-driven, which is in contrast to entropy-driven adsorption into water-soluble hydrophobic hosts such as beta cyclodextrin. The adsorption thermodynamics of several substituted aromatics from vapor and liquid are compared by (i) describing guest chemical potentials relative to pure guest, which removes differences among guests because of aqueous solvation and van der Waals contacts in the pure condensed phase, and (ii) passivating residual guest binding sites on exposed silica, titrated by water during adsorption from aqueous solution, using inorganic salts before vapor adsorption. Adsorption isotherms depend only upon the saturation vapor pressure of each guest, indicating that guest binding from aqueous or vapor media is controlled by van der Waals contacts with hydrophobic calixarene cavities acting as covalently assembled condensation nuclei, without apparent contributions from CH-pi or other directional interactions. These data also provide the first direct quantification of free energies for interactions of water with the calixarene cavity interior. The calixarene-water interface is stabilized by approximately 20 kJ/mol relative to the water-vapor interface, indicating that water significantly competes with the aromatic guests for adsorption at these ostensibly hydrophobic cavities. This result is useful for understanding models of water interactions with other concave hydrophobic surfaces, including those commonly observed within proteins.
Voltage sag source location in power systems (2006)

This report documents a comprehensive study of available methods for\nlocating voltage sag sources in power systems. The performance of four sag\nsource location methods is analyzed by simulating faults in a Brazilian\ntransmission network using PSCAD/EMTDC.\nThe most reliable methods (distance relay, reactive power and slope of\nsystem trajectory) were then applied to a case study on a Zambian utilityindustrial\ncustomer interface to assess the vulnerability of one of the latter’s\ncritical induction motors to voltage sags. It is shown that the sensitive load at\nIndeni is vulnerable to voltage sags arising from faults in both the CEC and\nZesco networks, the two utilities that handle power before it gets to the\ncustomer.\nFurther laboratory measurements were done on the analogue network model\nto assess the applicability of these methods to real networks. Particularly the\ndistance relay method which showed very good performance in\nPSCAD/EMTDC simulations.\nResults indicate that the distance relay method is suitable for application to\nreal networks as it showed correct sag source indications in both simulations\nand measurements. The performance of the reactive power and slope of\nsystem trajectory methods were above 90%.
Crystallographic and molecular-modeling studies of lipase B from Candida antarctica reveal a stereospecificity pocket for secondary alcohols (1995)

Many lipases are potent catalysts of stereoselective reactions and are therefore of interest for use in chemical synthesis. The crystal structures of lipases show a large variation in the shapes of their active site environments that may explain the large variation in substrate specificity of these enzymes. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) cocrystallized with the detergent Tween 80. In another crystal form, the structure of the enzyme in complex with a covalently bound phosphonate inhibitor has been determined. In both structures, the active site is exposed to the external solvent. The potential lid-forming helix alpha 5 in CALB is well-ordered in the Tween 80 structure and disordered in the inhibitor complex. The tetrahedral intermediates of two chiral substrates have been modeled on the basis of available structural and biochemical information. The results of this study provide a structural explanation for the high stereoselectivity of CALB toward many secondary alcohols.
Dosage effects of riluzole in Huntington’s disease (2003)

Over 8 weeks of treatment, riluzole 200 mg/day ameliorated chorea intensity in HD without improving functional capacity or other clinical features of illness. Riluzole 200 mg/day was attended by reversible liver transaminase abnormalities that would require monitoring in long-term studies.
Role of superoxide dismutase in cancer: a review. (1979)

Diminished amounts of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase have been found in all the tumors examined to date. Lowered amounts of the copper-zinc-containing superoxide dismutase have been found in many, but not all, tumors. At the same time, tumors have been shown to produce superoxide radicals. It is shown how diminished enzyme activities along with radical production may lead to many of the observed properties of cancer cells. The apparent exploitation of the differences between normal and cancer cell superoxide dismutase activity in the treatment of cancer is discussed.
Cholecystokinin—From Local Gut Hormone to Ubiquitous Messenger (2017)

Cholecystokinin (CCK) was discovered in 1928 in jejunal extracts as a gallbladder contraction factor. It was later shown to be member of a peptide family, which are all ligands for the CCK<sub>1</sub> and CCK<sub>2</sub> receptors. CCK peptides are known to be synthetized in small intestinal endocrine I-cells and cerebral neurons. But in addition, CCK is expressed in several endocrine glands (pituitary cells, thyroid C-cells, pancreatic islets, the adrenals, and the testes); in peripheral nerves; in cortical and medullary kidney cells; in cardial myocytes; and in cells of the immune system. CCK peptides stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion and growth, gallbladder contraction, and gut motility, satiety and inhibit acid secretion from the stomach. Moreover, they are major neurotransmitters in the brain and the periphery. CCK peptides also stimulate calcitonin, insulin, and glucagon secretion, and they may act as natriuretic peptides in the kidneys. CCK peptides are derived from proCCK with a C-terminal bioactive YMGWMDFamide sequence, in which the Y-residue is partly <i>O</i>-sulfated. The plasma forms are CCK-58, -33, -22, and -8, whereas the small CCK-8 and -5 are potent neurotransmitters. Over the last decades, CCK expression has also been encountered in tumors (neuroendocrine tumors, cerebral astrocytomas, gliomas, acoustic neuromas, and specific pediatric tumors). Recently, a metastastic islet cell tumor was found to cause a specific CCKoma syndrome, suggesting that circulating CCK may be a useful tumor marker.