gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic mushroom-shaped fibrillar adhesive microstructure (2006)

To improve the adhesive properties of artificial fibrillar contact structures, the attachment systems of beetles from the family Chrysomelidae were chosen to serve as a model. Biomimetic mushroom-shaped fibrillar adhesive microstructure inspired by these systems was characterized using a variety of measurement techniques and compared with a control flat surface made of the same material. Results revealed that pull-off force and peel strength of the structured specimens are more than twice those of the flat specimens. In contrast to the control system, the structured one is found to be very tolerant to contamination and able to recover its adhesive properties after being washed in a soap solution. Based on the combination of several geometrical principles found in biological attachment devices, the presented microstructure exhibits a considerable step towards the development of an industrial dry adhesive.
Abstract 1318: A PCSK9 C-terminal Domain Binding Fab Inhibits PCSK9 Internalization and Restores LDL-uptake (2009)

Proprotein convertase subtilisin-like/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to LDL receptor (LDLR) protein, which ultimately leads to LDLR degradation and inhibition of plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) clearanc...
SPARC Inhibits Epithelial Cell Proliferation in Part through Stimulation of the Transforming Growth Factor-β–Signaling System (2003)

Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a multifunctional secreted protein that regulates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, leading to alterations in cell adhesion, motility, and proliferation. Although SPARC is expressed in epithelial cells, its ability to regulate epithelial cell growth remains largely unknown. We show herein that SPARC strongly inhibited DNA synthesis in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-sensitive Mv1Lu cells, whereas moderately inhibiting that in TGF-beta-insensitive Mv1Lu cells (i.e., R1B cells). Overexpression of dominant-negative Smad3 in Mv1Lu cells, which abrogated growth arrest by TGF-beta, also attenuated growth arrest stimulated by SPARC. Moreover, the extracellular calcium-binding domain of SPARC (i.e., SPARC-EC) was sufficient to inhibit Mv1Lu cell proliferation but not that of R1B cells. Similar to TGF-beta and thrombospondin-1, treatment of Mv1Lu cells with SPARC or SPARC-EC stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation and Smad2/3 nuclear translocation: the latter response to all agonists was abrogated in R1B cells or by pretreatment of Mv1Lu cells with neutralizing TGF-beta antibodies. SPARC also stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation in MB114 endothelial cells but had no effect on bone morphogenetic protein-regulated Smad1 phosphorylation in either Mv1Lu or MB114 cells. Finally, SPARC and SPARC-EC stimulated TGF-beta-responsive reporter gene expression through a TGF-beta receptor- and Smad2/3-dependent pathway in Mv1Lu cells. Collectively, our findings identify a novel mechanism whereby SPARC inhibits epithelial cell proliferation by selectively commandeering the TGF-beta signaling system, doing so through coupling of SPARC-EC to a TGF-beta receptor- and Smad2/3-dependent pathway.
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis: Antigen Analysis of Cultured Sarcocystis Neurona Merozoites (1993)

Antigens of cultured Sarcocystis neurona merozoites were examined using immunoblot analysis. Blotted proteins were probed with S. cruzi, S. muris, and S. neurona antisera produced in rabbits, S. fayeri (pre- and post-infection) and S. neurona (pre- and post-inoculation) sera produced in horses, immune sera from 7 histologically confirmed cases of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), and pre-suckle serum from a newborn foal. Eight proteins, 70, 24, 23.5, 22.5, 13, 11, 10.5, and 10 Kd, were detected only by S. neurona antiserum and/or immune serum from EPM-affected horses. Equine sera were titered by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) method using air-dried, cultured S. neurona merozoites. Anti-Sarcocystis IFA titers were found in horses with or without EPM. Serum titers did not correspond to the number of specific bands recognized on immunoblots.
Statistical schema matching across web query interfaces (2003)

Schema matching is a critical problem for integrating heterogeneous information sources. Traditionally, the problem of matching multiple schemas has essentially relied on finding pairwise-attribute correspondence. This paper proposes a different approach, motivated by integrating large numbers of data sources on the Internet. On this "deep Web," we observe two distinguishing characteristics that offer a new view for considering schema matching: First, as the Web scales, there are ample sources that provide structured information in the same domains (e.g., books and automobiles). Second, while sources proliferate, their aggregate schema vocabulary tends to converge at a relatively small size. Motivated by these observations, we propose a new paradigm, statistical schema matching: Unlike traditional approaches using pairwise-attribute correspondence, we take a holistic approach to match all input schemas by finding an underlying generative schema model. We propose a general statistical framework MGS for such hidden model discovery, which consists of hypothesis modeling, generation, and selection. Further, we specialize the general framework to develop Algorithm MGSsd, targeting at synonym discovery, a canonical problem of schema matching, by designing and discovering a model that specifically captures synonym attributes. We demonstrate our approach over hundreds of real Web sources in four domains and the results show good accuracy.
Guinea pig epidermis generates putative anti‐inflammatory metabolites from fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids (1989)

Clinical studies have indicated that dietary fish oil may have therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis, a hyperproliferative, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by elevated LTB4. To evolve a possible mechanism for these beneficial effects, we determined the metabolic fate of fish oil derived n-3 fatty acids in the skin. Specifically, we incubated guinea pig epidermal enzyme preparations with [3H]eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) and [14C]docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3). Analyses of the radiometabolites revealed the transformation of these n-3 fatty acids into n-6 lipoxygenase (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) products: 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (15-HEPE) and 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHE), respectively. Since 15-lipoxygenase products have been suggested as possible endogenous inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase (an enzyme which catalyzes the formation of LTB4) we tested the ability of 15-HEPE and 17-HDHE in vitro to inhibit the activity of the 5-lipoxygenase. Incubations of these metabolites with enzyme preparations from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cells demonstrated that 15-HEPE (IC50 = 28 microM) and 17-HDHE (IC50 = 25 microM) are respectively potent inhibitors of RBL-I-5-lipoxygenase. The inhibitory potential of these fish oil metabolites provides a possible mechanism by which fish oil might act to decrease local cutaneous levels of LTB4, and thereby alleviate psoriatic symptoms.
A novel carbohydrate, differentiation antigen on fucogangliosides of human myeloid cells recognized by monoclonal antibody VIM-2. (1988)

A mouse monoclonal antibody, VIM-2, specific for human blood cells of myelomonocytic lineage, was found to bind to a series of minor gangliosides isolated from the cells of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (Uemura, K., Macher, B.A., DeGregorio, M., Scudder, P., Buehler, J., Knapp, W., and Feizi, T. (1985) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 846, 26-36). TLC immunostaining studies with the VIM-2 antibody of gangliosides from normal human neutrophils, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myelogenous leukemia cells showed that the total amount and the ratio of the VIM-2 gangliosides varies among these different myeloid cells and appears to be related to the level of cellular differentiation. Purification of these gangliosides from chronic myelogenous leukemia cells was aided by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedure used in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography. Structures for two of the immunoreactive gangliosides (a ceramide decasaccharide, VIII3NeuAcV3-Fuc-nLc8Cer and a ceramide dodecasaccharide X3-NeuAcVII3Fuc-nLc10Cer) are proposed from negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the native gangliosides, methylation analysis, and the combined use of glycosidase treatment and TLC immunostaining with carbohydrate sequence specific antibodies. The VIM-2 antigen was thus characterized as involving the sialofucooligosaccharide sequence.
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Evidence for increased collagenase as a genetic characteristic in cell culture. (1978)

Fibroblast cultures from patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) demonstrated an increased capacity to synthesize and secrete collagenase. This phenotypic trait appeared to distinguish RDEB from other genetically distinct forms of epidermolysis bullosa. The finding of increased collagenase may be a specific manifestation of these cells in that prototypic lysosomal and cytoplasmic enzymes were present in approximately normal concentrations. In addition, this trait persisted through many cell passages, suggesting that the property was genetically determined. The elevated concentrations of immunoreactive collagenase in fibroblast cultures of patients with RDEB reflected those previously observed in vivo (4) and support the concept of a pathogenetic role for the enzyme in the blistering phenomenon. In three of the cell lines, the increase in enzyme protein occurred in association with a structurally defective enzyme. The data suggest that this may be a characteristic of all RDEB cells.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of flavones designed as inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases. (1992)

A series of flavones has been prepared, which are variously substituted in the 3,3',4',5 and 7 positions with halo-, alkoxy-, nitro-, amino-, hydroxy-, acyloxy- and azido-groups, for evaluation of their cytotoxicity to ANN-1 cells (3T3 murine fibroblasts transformed with the Abelson murine leukaemia virus) which contain a tyrosine kinase. This cytotoxicity was compared to their non-transformed 3T3 counterparts. 3'-Amino-4'-methoxyflavone was the most cytotoxic compound (IC50 = 1.6 microM) and was less inhibitory to the non-transformed parent 3T3 cell line (IC50 = 8 microM). The compound was inactive at 50 microM in assays of the inhibition of the cell-associated Abelson protein tyrosine kinase but inhibited an epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein tyrosine kinase by 42% at 50 microM. Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) was the most potent inhibitor of the Abelson protein tyrosine kinase but showed no selective inhibition of the growth of ANN-1 cells compared to the parent 3T3 cell line. Different structure-activity relationships were observed between the results of the cytotoxicity assays and inhibition of protein tyrosine kinases. Inhibitors of the Abelson protein tyrosine kinase which were competitive with respect to ATP showed different potencies for inhibition of the EGF receptor kinase.
Protein Interactions with Polyelectrolyte Multilayers:  Interactions between Human Serum Albumin and Polystyrene Sulfonate/Polyallylamine Multilayers (2000)

The interactions between polystyrenesulfonate (PSS)/polyallylamine (PAH) multilayers with human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated by means of scanning angle reflectometry (SAR). We find that albumin adsorbs both on multilayers terminating with PSS (negatively charged) or PAH (positively charged) polyelectrolytes. On films terminating with PSS only, an albumin equivalent monolayer is found whereas when PAH constitutes the outer layer, albumin interacts with the multilayer in such a way as to form a protein film that extends over thicknesses that can be as high as four times the largest dimension of the native albumin molecule. Once the protein film is formed, it is found that when the albumin solution is replaced by a pure buffer solution of same ionic strength as the adsorption solution almost no desorption takes place. On the other hand, when a buffer solution of higher ionic strength is brought in contact with the albumin film, a significant amount of adsorbed proteins is released. One also observes that, for albumin solutions of a given protein concentration, the adsorbed protein amount depends on the ionic strength of the adsorption solution. On surfaces terminating with PAH, the adsorbed protein amount first increases rapidly but passes through a maximum and decreases with the ionic strength. The ionic strength corresponding to the maximum of the adsorbed albumin amount itself depends on the albumin concentration. On the other hand, on films terminating with PSS the adsorbed amount increases with the salt concentration before leveling-off. These results show that the underlying complexity of concentration and pH dependent adsorption/desorption equilibria often simply termed "protein adsorption" is the result of antagonist competing interactions that are mainly of electrostatic origin. We also propose two microscopic models, that are compatible with our experimental observations.
[DNA diagnosis of human cancers: lymphoid malignancies and leukemia]. (1991)

Usefulness of DNA analysis in diagnosis of hematopoietic malignancy was discussed. Examination on the presence of rearrangement in immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell receptor (TCR) was the first DNA analysis used for clinical diagnosis of lymphoid malignancy to determine the cell-lineage and clonality of proliferating lymphoid cells. One point mutation in ras oncogene has also been used to detect residual leukemic cells as well as diagnosis of the early relapse of leukemia, although not all leukemic cells have this mutation. Presence of BCR-abl fused gene is a genetic marker for Ph1 chromosome. Analysis of BCR-abl gene has made it possible to diagnose the Ph1 ALL and masked Ph1 CML. Development of PCR technique markedly increased the possibility for the use of DNA analysis in clinical medicine. In addition to Ph1 chromosome, various chromosomal abnormalities resulted in a reciprocal translocation between Ig or TCR gene and other genes in various lymphoid malignancies, such as Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. These translocations can be analyzed by Southern hybridization and used for clinical diagnosis.
Robust, Chiral, and Porous BINAP-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Highly Enantioselective Cyclization Reactions (2015)

We report here the design of BINAP-based metal-organic frameworks and their postsynthetic metalation with Rh complexes to afford highly active and enantioselective single-site solid catalysts for the asymmetric cyclization reactions of 1,6-enynes. Robust, chiral, and porous Zr-MOFs of UiO topology, BINAP-MOF (I) or BINAP-dMOF (II), were prepared using purely BINAP-derived dicarboxylate linkers or by mixing BINAP-derived linkers with unfunctionalized dicarboxylate linkers, respectively. Upon metalation with Rh(nbd)2BF4 and [Rh(nbd)Cl]2/AgSbF6, the MOF precatalysts I·Rh(BF4) and I·Rh(SbF6) efficiently catalyzed highly enantioselective (up to 99% ee) reductive cyclization and Alder-ene cycloisomerization of 1,6-enynes, respectively. I·Rh catalysts afforded cyclization products at comparable enantiomeric excesses (ee's) and 4-7 times higher catalytic activity than the homogeneous controls, likely a result of catalytic site isolation in the MOF which prevents bimolecular catalyst deactivation pathways. However, I·Rh is inactive in the more sterically encumbered Pauson-Khand reactions between 1,6-enynes and carbon monoxide. In contrast, with a more open structure, Rh-functionalized BINAP-dMOF, II·Rh, effectively catalyzed Pauson-Khand cyclization reactions between 1,6-enynes and carbon monoxide at 10 times higher activity than the homogeneous control. II·Rh was readily recovered and used three times in Pauson-Khand cyclization reactions without deterioration of yields or ee's. Our work has expanded the scope of MOF-catalyzed asymmetric reactions and showed that the mixed linker strategy can effectively enlarge the open space around the catalytic active site to accommodate highly sterically demanding polycyclic metallocycle transition states/intermediates in asymmetric intramolecular cyclization reactions.
Stroke-Induced Immunodepression (2007)

Stroke affects the normally well-balanced interplay of the 2 supersystems: the nervous and the immune system. Recent research elucidated some of the involved signals and mechanisms and, importantly, was able to demonstrate that brain-immune interactions are highly relevant for functional outcome after stroke. Immunodepression after stroke increases the susceptibility to infection, the most relevant complication in stroke patients. However, immunodepression after stroke may also have beneficial effects, for example, by suppressing autoaggressive responses during lesion-induced exposure of central nervous system-specific antigens to the immune system. Thus, before immunomodulatory therapy can be applied to stroke patients, we need to understand better the interaction of brain and immune system after focal cerebral ischemia. Until then, anticipating an important consequence of stroke-induced immunodepression, bacterial infection, preventive antibiotic strategies have been proposed. In mouse experiments, preventive antibiotic treatment dramatically improves mortality and outcome. Results of clinical studies on this issue are contradictory at present, and larger trials are needed to settle the question whether (and which) stroke patients should be preventively treated. Nevertheless, clinical evidence is emerging demonstrating that stroke-induced immunodepression in humans not only exists, but has very similar features to those characterized in rodent experiments.
Rhetoric Map of an Answer to Compound Queries (2015)

Boris Galitsky, Dmitry Ilvovsky, Sergey O. Kuznetsov. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers). 2015.
Sarcocystis neurona n. sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa), the Etiologic Agent of Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (1991)

Sarcocystis neuronan n. sp. is proposed for the apicomplexan taxon associated with myeloencephalitis in horses. Only asexual stages of this parasite presently are known, and they are found within neuronal cells and leukocytes of the brain and spinal cord. The parasite is located in the host cell cytoplasm, does not have a parasitophorous vacuole, and divides by endopolygeny. Schizonts are 5-35 microns x 5-20 microns and contain 4-40 merozoites arranged in a rosette around a prominent residual body. Merozoites are approximately 4 x 1 micron, have a central nucleus, and lack rhoptries. Schizonts and merozoites react with Sarcocystis cruzi antiserum but not with Caryospora bigenetica. Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, or Neospora caninum antisera in an immunohistochemical test.
Acid rain conference held as Congress gives final approval to bill (1990)

This article is a report on the New Acid Rain Legislation conference held in Washington, D.C. as the final changes were being made to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. The topics covered include a brief synopsis of the amendments, representative Jim Cooper's critique of the electric utility industry, EPA implementation of the amendments, emissions trading, and the preliminary results of a survey of 45 electric utilities' plans for implementing the changes.
Head and neck cancer organoids established by modification of the CTOS method can be used to predict in vivo drug sensitivity (2018)

We established novel in vitro HNSCC cancer organoid lines retaining many properties of the original tumors from they were derived. These organoids can predict in vivo drug sensitivity and may represent useful tools to develop precision treatments for HNSCC.
Microstructuring by printing and laser curing of nanoparticle solutions (2003)

In this letter, the process of printing and laser curing of nanoparticle solutions is presented. A liquid solvent is employed as the carrier of gold nanoparticles (the material of interest in this study) possessing a low melting temperature compared to that of bulk gold. Using a specifically designed printing system, the gold nanoparticle solution is deposited on a substrate and cured with laser radiation. In this manner, the potential of writing gold structures on temperature sensitive substrates is demonstrated. The interaction between the laser radiation and nanoparticles drives the solvent evaporation and controls the quality of the microstructures printing process. The latter is also affected by thermocapillary flow at the free surface, developing during the curing process. An optical method for estimating the curing times is also developed and discussed.
La "enfermedad asimilada a discapacidad" como límite al despido del trabajador por sus ausencias de trabajo (2016)

Este trabajo analiza como los organos judiciales han acudido a la Directiva 2000/78, de
27 de noviembre, del Consejo, por la que se establece un marco general para la igualdad
de trato en el empleo y la ocupacion como una posible via para evitar los efectos no
deseados de la configuracion actual del despido del trabajador por sus ausencias al
trabajo.
Examination stress affects plasma levels of TSH and thyroid hormones differently in females and males. (1987)

Plasma levels of TSH and thyroid hormones in 22 male and 27 female medical students were determined by radioimmunoassay before and after an academic examination. The plasma values of TSH were slightly higher in both sexes on the examination day than on the control days. The values were lower after the examination than before it in females but not in males. Plasma levels of T3 were higher in males than in females on the examination day. In contrast, the plasma rT3 values were higher for females on the examination day than on control days. The plasma levels of T4 were similar in both sexes. The results suggest that during psychic stress, the pituitary-thyroid endocrine system of the female reacts differently from that of the male.
The Role of NAD(P)H: Quinone Reductase (EC 1.6.99.2, DT-Diaphorase) in the Reductive Bioactivation of the Novel Indoloquinone Antitumor Agent E09 (1991)

EO9 [3-hydroxymethyl-5-aziridinyl-1-methyl-2-(H-indole-4, 7-indione)-propenol] is a novel indoloquinone structurally related to mitomycin C, a quinone anticancer drug that requires reductive bioactivation. NAD(P)H: (quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (quinone reductase, DT-diaphorase, EC 1.6.99.2) is an obligate 2-electron donating enzyme that can reduce a variety of quinones resulting either in bioactivation or bioprotection. Using quinone reductase (QR) preparations from rat Walker 256 mammary tumor cells and human HT29 colon carcinoma cells, we have characterized the role of this enzyme in EO9 reductive metabolism. QR activity was assayed under optimal conditions by following cytochrome c reduction at 550 nm in the presence of enzyme, quinone substrate, NADH, and bovine albumin, and confirmed by loss of EO9 absorbance at 550 nm. Both the rat and human tumor cell enzymes catalyzed reduction of the benchmark quinone menadione with a similar Km of 1.4-3.1 microM, although the Vmax was 7 to 8-fold lower for the human preparation. EO9 was readily reduced by the rat Walker QR. The mean Km was about 5-fold higher than for menadione at around 15 microM and the Vmax was 6-fold lower at around 2.5 mumol of cytochrome c reduced mg-1 of protein. EO9 was also metabolized by QR from HT29 human colon carcinoma cells but rather less efficiently than by the rat tumor enzyme. For example, the rate was 6-fold lower than that for the Walker tumor enzyme at 100 microM substrate concentration after correcting for the 7- to 8-fold difference in specific activity for the two preparations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)