gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung and kidney cancer mortality associated with arsenic in drinking water in Cordoba, Argentina (1998)

The results add to the evidence that arsenic ingestion increases the risk of lung and kidney cancers. In this study, the association between arsenic and mortality from liver and skin cancers was not clear.
MEMS designed for tunable capacitors (2002)

A new tunable capacitor based on a standard microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology has been demonstrated. Its unique feature was the use of thermal actuators as indirect drives to change air gap from 2 to 0.2 /spl mu/m for high-Q MM-wave capacitors. Such a drive scheme achieved a sub-/spl mu/m controllability. The insertion loss of a polysilicon MEMS capacitor was measured to be -4dB at 40 GHz. Such a loss would have been better than -1 dB if the polysilicon were coated with metal.
COMPOUND DIVERSITY FUNCTIONS FOR ENSEMBLE SELECTION (2009)

An effective way to improve a classification method's performance is to create ensembles of classifiers. Two elements are believed to be important in constructing an ensemble: (a) the performance of each individual classifier; and (b) diversity among the classifiers. Nevertheless, most works based on diversity suggest that there exists only weak correlation between classifier performance and ensemble accuracy. We propose compound diversity functions which combine the diversities with the performance of each individual classifier, and show that there is a strong correlation between the proposed functions and ensemble accuracy. Calculation of the correlations with different ensemble creation methods, different problems and different classification algorithms on 0.624 million ensembles suggests that most compound diversity functions are better than traditional diversity measures. The population-based Genetic Algorithm was used to search for the best ensembles on a handwritten numerals recognition problem and to evaluate 42.24 million ensembles. The statistical results indicate that compound diversity functions perform better than traditional diversity measures, and are helpful in selecting the best ensembles.
THE SUNBURNING ULTRAVIOLET METER: DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE (1976)

Abstract— A meter for measuring the skin sunburn effectiveness of a light source is being used in an extensive network to provide solar data for correlation to skin cancer incidence. The solar radiation measured also affects a wide variety of organisms. The intensity of this band of radiation is also strongly affected by ozone concentration so that the output correlates with ozone thickness. The meter spectral response is essentially the excitation spectrum of magnesium tungstate phosphor which is similar to the erythema action spectrum (EAS). In addition to the waterproofed, dose reading embodiment, a cheaper, easily transportable, batteryless, intensity reading meter with the same spectral response has been developed. The deviation of any sunburn meter from the ideal erythema action spectrum can be calculated by convolution of a series of solar spectra against each of the two response spectra. Plotting the change in output against the change in input results in straight lines. Either log‐log coordinates are required, or, as is done here, decibels can be used on linear coordinates. The angle between the straight lines is taken as the error. An error angle of 6.5° is calculated for the present meter.
Interferon gamma regulates binding of two nuclear protein complexes in a macrophage cell line. (1990)

Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) is a potent inducer of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens during normal immune responses and in abnormal responses in autoimmune disease. In this report we identify two nuclear factors whose binding to the murine E beta class II MHC beta-chain gene is regulated by this cytokine. IFN-gamma stimulation of murine macrophages results in the appearance of increased binding of one protein complex, complex A, and decreased binding of a second, faster migrating protein complex, complex B. Although the contact residues for both of these proteins lie within the highly conserved Y-box transcriptional element, their binding specificity differs. The protein in complex B is a CCAAT-box-binding protein that may be similar or identical to NF-Y or YB1, previously identified class II Y-box-binding proteins. The DNA sequence requirements for the binding of the slower migrating complex, complex A, are not limited to CCAAT-box sequences but include sequences upstream of the Y box. These upstream sequences are required both for IFN-gamma-induced gene transcription and for IFN-gamma-induced modulation of binding activity. These data suggest a model in which upstream sequences contribute to formation of a lymphokine-regulated complex downstream. The IFN-gamma-induced binding protein described as complex A in this report differs from the IFN-gamma, -alpha, or -beta-induced nuclear factors previously identified.
The TRANSPARENT TESTA12 Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Multidrug Secondary Transporter-like Protein Required for Flavonoid Sequestration in Vacuoles of the Seed Coat Endothelium (2001)

Phenolic compounds that are present in the testa interfere with the physiology of seed dormancy and germination. We isolated a recessive Arabidopsis mutant with pale brown seeds, transparent testa12 (tt12), from a reduced seed dormancy screen. Microscopic analysis of tt12 developing and mature testas revealed a strong reduction of proanthocyanidin deposition in vacuoles of endothelial cells. Double mutants with tt12 and other testa pigmentation mutants were constructed, and their phenotypes confirmed that tt12 was affected at the level of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. The TT12 gene was cloned and found to encode a protein with similarity to prokaryotic and eukaryotic secondary transporters with 12 transmembrane segments, belonging to the MATE (multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) family. TT12 is expressed specifically in ovules and developing seeds. In situ hybridization localized its transcript in the endothelium layer, as expected from the effect of the tt12 mutation on testa flavonoid pigmentation. The phenotype of the mutant and the nature of the gene suggest that TT12 may control the vacuolar sequestration of flavonoids in the seed coat endothelium.
Diagnosis of Acute Localized Irradiation Lesions (1998)

In the last 50 years several radiation accidents occurred in which industrial radiographers and others suffered severe radiation injuries from inadvertent contact with radiation sources. Such accidents involving acute localized injuries are characterized by a severe initial reaction progressing through erythema to skin necrosis with a spontaneous resolution of the lesion over a 2-mo period for the lower doses. However, the early symptoms observed on the skin give no indication as to the in-depth pathology, and cutaneous and muscular radionecrosis started generally from early epithelial, microvascular, and vascular lesions and from delayed muscular and connective tissue lesions. In a case of acute localized irradiation, different biophysical techniques are able to give real responses in biological dosimetry. More numerous are the methods, especially imaging methods, that make it possible for the clinician to evaluate the extent of the early injuries and to manage the medical intervention. We have developed animal experimental models of acute localized irradiation: overexposure to the gamma rays of a 192Ir industrial radiographic collimated source (in the pig and the rabbit) and overexposure to the beta rays of a 90Sr-90Y collimated source (in the pig). In these experimental models, most of the imaging techniques used in clinical practice, as infra-red thermography, microwave thermography, cutaneous and tissular vascular scintigraphy (beta or gamma emitters), cutaneous blood flow measurements by cutaneous laser Doppler, x ray computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, and skin topography, were correlated with clinical evaluation and histopathological observations, after high doses of gamma or beta irradiations ranging from 4 to 340 Gy at the skin surface. All these techniques are not for isolated use and the present review indicates that their combination is necessary to give an improved diagnostic and prognostic picture of early and late delayed radiation damage to the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
Synthesis of MgFe2O4 nanoparticles and MgFe2O4 nanoparticles/CPE for electrochemical investigation of dopamine (2011)

Magnesium ferrite nanoparticles (MgFe2O4 NPs) were prepared by a solution based method using magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), dl serine and NaOH as a precipitant and the obtained precipitation was calcinated under 500 °C for 4 h. The resulting material was characterized by using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MgFe2O4 NPs were used for preparation of MgFe2O4 NPs/carbon paste electrode (MgFe2O4 NPs/CPE) and applied for electrochemical investigation of dopamine (DA) which exhibits good electrocatalytic activity for investigation of DA at physiological pH 7.4. The effect of pH range from 5.5 to 8.0 was studied and the result shows that the redox peak current was maxima at pH 7.5 and the redox peak was pH dependent with a slope of 0.061 V/pH. The scan rate effect was found to be an adsorption-controlling electrode process. The electrocatalytic currents increased linearly with an increase in DA concentration in the range 0.1–1.2 μM and the detection limit was found to be 7.7 × 10−8 M. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of DA in injection samples.
Sequence-tagged connectors: A sequence approach to mapping and scanning the human genome (1999)

The sequence-tagged connector (STC) strategy proposes to generate sequence tags densely scattered (every 3.3 kilobases) across the human genome by arraying 450,000 bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) with randomly cleaved inserts, sequencing both ends of each, and preparing a restriction enzyme fingerprint of each. The STC resource, containing end sequences, fingerprints, and arrayed BACs, creates a map where the interrelationships of the individual BAC clones are resolved through their STCs as overlapping BAC clones are sequenced. Once a seed or initiation BAC clone is sequenced, the minimum overlapping 5' and 3' BAC clones can be identified computationally and sequenced. By reiterating this "sequence-then-map by computer analysis against the STC database" strategy, a minimum tiling path of clones can be sequenced at a rate that is primarily limited by the sequencing throughput of individual genome centers. As of February 1999, we had deposited, together with The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR), into GenBank 314,000 STCs ( approximately 135 megabases), or 4.5% of human genomic DNA. This genome survey reveals numerous genes, genome-wide repeats, simple sequence repeats (potential genetic markers), and CpG islands (potential gene initiation sites). It also illustrates the power of the STC strategy for creating minimum tiling paths of BAC clones for large-scale genomic sequencing. Because the STC resource permits the easy integration of genetic, physical, gene, and sequence maps for chromosomes, it will be a powerful tool for the initial analysis of the human genome and other complex genomes.
Erythropoietin Therapy in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2000)

Clinical management of anemia is still problematic for renal failure patients. The etiology of and correction for anemia is a multi-factorial problem. This paper is a retrospective analysis of current management options in erythropoietin therapy and general patient outcome in peritoneal dialysis.
Enhancement in the Blue-Green Alga, Anacystis nidulans (1964)

1. BLOCK, R. J., E. L. DURRUM, AND G. ZWEIG. 1958. Aliphatic acid hydroxamates. In: Paper Chromatography and Paper Electrophoresis. Academic Press, New York, p 227-56. 2. BURTON, R. M. AND E. R. STADTMAN. 1953. The oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetyl coenzyme A. J. Biol. Chem. 202: 873-89. 3. DAVIDSON, E. A. 1962. Techniques for paper strip counting in a scintillation spectrometer. In: Packard Technical Bulletin. n: 4: Packard Instrument Company, Incorporated, Illinois. p 1-8. 4. FONTAINE, T. D., W. A. PONS, JR., AND G. W. IRWING, JR. 1946. Protein-phytic acid relationship in peanuts and cottonseed. J. Biol. Chem. 164: 487-506. 5. GREEN, D. E. 1954. Fatty acid oxidation in soluble systems of animal tissues. Biol. Rev. 29: 33066. 6. LEHNINGER, A. L. AND E. P. KENNEDY. 1949. Oxidation of fatty acids and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates by isolated rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 179: 957-72. 7. LIPMANN, F. AND L. C. TUTTLE. 1945. A specific micromethod for the determination of acyl phosphates. J. Biol. Chem. 159: 21-8. 8. LYNEN, F. 1953. Functional group of coenzyme A and its metabolic relations especially in the fatty acid cycle. Federation Proc. 12: 683-702. 9. MARTIN, R. 0. AND P. K. STUMPF. 1959. Fat metabolism in higher plants. XII. a-Oxidation of long chain fatty acids. J. Biol. Chem. 234: 2548-54. 10. MILTON, R. F. 1955. Estimation of hydroxylamine by benzoyl chloride and ferric chloride. In: Quantitative Micro-Analysis. R. F. Milton and W. A. Waters, eds. Edward Arnold Ltd, London, p 37273. 11. NEWCOMB, E. H. AND P. K. STUMPF. 1952. Fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in peanut cotyledons. In: Phosphorus Metabolism, Vol. II. W. D. McElroy and B. Glass, eds. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, p 291-300. 12. STADTMAN, E. R. AND H. A. BARKER. 1950. Fatty acid synthesis by enzyme preparations of Clostridium kluyveri. VI. Reactions of acyl phosphates. J. Biol. Chem. 184: 769-93. 13. STADTMAN, E. R. 1957. Preparation and assay of acetyl phosphate. In: Methods in Enzymology, Vol. III. S. P. Colowick and N. 0. Kaplan, eds. Academic Press, New York, p 228-31. 14. STADTMAN, E. R. 1957. Preparation and assay of acyl coenzyme A and other thiol esters. Use of hydroxylamine. In: Methods in Enzymology, Vol. III. S. P. Colowick and N. 0. Kaplan, eds. Academic Press, New York, p 931-41. 15. STUMPF, P. K. 1955. Fat metabolism in higher plants. III. Enzymic oxidation of glycerol. Plant Physiol. 30: 554. 16. STUMPF, P. K. AND G. A. BARBER. 1956. Fat metabolism in higher plants. VII. ,-oxidation of fatty acids by peanut mitochondria. Plant Physiol. 31: 304-8.
Biological conversion of erythronolide B,an intermediate of erythromycin biogenesis,into new "hybrid" macrolide antibiotics. (1983)

Transformation of erythronolide B to new antibiotics was attempted by feeding this compound during the fermentation of Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC31771, a blocked mutant of an oleandomycin producing strain. As a result, four new active compounds were obtained with hybrid structures between erythromycin and oleandomycin. They were identified as 3-O-oleandrosyl-5-O-desosaminyl-15-hydroxyerythronolide B (I), 3-O-oleandrosyl-5-O-desosaminylerythronolide B (II), 3-O-oleandrosyl-5-O-desosaminyl-(8S)-8-hydroxyerythronolide B (III) and 3-O-oleandrosyl-5-O-desosaminyl-(8R)-8,19-epoxyerythronolide B (IV). They were found to be less active, but more stable to acid, than erythromycin A. From their relative biogenetical relationship together with the structure elucidated some hypotheses about late stages of oleandomycin biosynthesis are inferred too.
The antioxidant activity of standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) in rats (2001)

The standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) has been widely employed for its significant benefit in neurodegenerative disorders. Although antioxidative actions have been attributed to this extract, the mechanisms of the multiple principles involved in this pharmacological activity are not completely established. Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases are frequently associated with oxidative stress and defects in the cellular protective mechanisms. In this study, the lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated in the hippocampus, striatum and substantia nigra (SN) of rats treated with EGb 761. An increase in the CAT and SOD activities in the hippocampus, striatum and SN, and a decrease of the LPO in the hippocampus were observed. These data are additional to the antioxidant properties of EGb 761 reported in the literature and indicate a possible role for the extract in the treatment of diseases involving free radicals and oxidative damage.
Investigating the Performance of Corridor and Door Detection Algorithms in Different Environments (2006)

The capability of identifying physical structures in an unknown environment is important for autonomous mobile robot navigation and scene understanding. A methodology for detecting corridor and door structures in an indoor environment is proposed, and the performances of the corridor detection algorithm and door detection algorithm applied in different environments are evaluated. In the proposed algorithms, we utilize a feedback mechanism based hypothesis generation and verification (HGV) method to detect corridor and door structures using low level line features in video images. The proposed method consists of low, intermediate, and high level processing stages which correspond to the extraction of low-level features, the formation of hypotheses, and the verification of hypotheses using a feedback mechanism, respectively. The system has been tested on a large number of real corridor images captured by a moving robot in a corridor. The experimental results validated the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods with respect to different viewpoints, different robot moving speed, under different illumination conditions and reflection variations.
IRS proteins and the common path to diabetes (2002)

Although a full understanding of insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action is evolving, the discovery of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins and their role to link cell surface receptors to the intracellular signaling cascades provided an important step forward. Moreover, Insulin/IGF receptors use common signaling pathways to accomplish many tasks, the IRS proteins add a unique layer of specificity and control. Importantly, the IRS-2 branch of the insulin/IGF-signaling pathway is a common element in peripheral insulin response and pancreatic beta-cell growth and function. Failure of IRS-2 signaling might explain the eventual loss of compensatory hyperinsulinemia during prolonged periods of peripheral insulin resistance. Moreover, short-term inhibition of IRS protein functions by serine phosphorylation, or sustained inhibition by ubiquitin-targeted proteosome-mediated degradation suggests a common molecular mechanism for insulin resistance during acute injury or infection, or the sensitivity of beta-cells to autoimmune destruction. The broad role of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in cell growth and survival reveals a common regulatory pathway linking development, somatic growth, fertility, neuronal proliferation, and aging to the core mechanisms used by vertebrates for nutrient sensing.
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester Hydrochloride and Amphotericin B: Comparative Acute Toxicity (1973)

In single-dose parenteral studies with mice and dogs, the methyl ester hydrochloride of amphotericin B proved to be significantly less toxic than the parent compound, especially to the kidney.
Java for Dummies (1996)

From the Publisher:
Focused on bringing Web sites to life with sound, animation, and interactivity, Java For Dummies shows beginning to intermediate Windows 95 and Macintosh users how to obtain, install, test, and troubleshoot Java applets and JavaScript scripts within their very own Web pages.You'll also find out how to assemble sound clips, music, animation, video, special effects, and more for immediate access by millions of Web surfers around the globe.

This handy reference not only explains the ins and outs of Java but even shows you how to use the Web itself as a resource for gathering even more exciting and innovative Java applets and scripts!

Use Java the fun and easy way:
Uncover URLs to the best Java-powered sites on the Web Explore various Java applets and scripts on your very own CD-ROM Personalize your Web pages with Java animation, music, marquees, and moreCreate eye-catching multimedia Web pages Find an introduction to JavaScript: Get your feet wet while keeping your head above water
High performance, 12 frequency optical multichannelcontroller (1994)

An optical multichannel controller that gives full access to 12 individual wavelength channels is reported. The device consists of two waveguide grating routers integrated with semiconductor optical amplifiers. It exhibits a channel spacing of exactly 3.2nm (400 GHz) and an off-peak signal rejection of more than –40 dB. The amplifiers compensate for the multiplexer insertion losses.
Structural Compensation for the Deficit of rRNA with Proteins in the Mammalian Mitochondrial Ribosome (2001)

The mammalian mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) is a highly protein-rich particle in which almost half of the rRNA contained in the bacterial ribosome is replaced with proteins. It is known that mitochondrial translation factors can function on both mitochondrial and Escherichia coli ribosomes, indicating that protein components in the mitoribosome compensate the reduced rRNA chain to make a bacteria-type ribosome. To elucidate the molecular basis of this compensation, we analyzed bovine mitoribosomal large subunit proteins; 31 proteins were identified including 15 newly identified proteins with their cDNA sequences from human and mouse. The results showed that the proteins with binding sites on rRNA shortened or lost in the mitoribosome were enlarged when compared with the E. coli counterparts; this suggests the structural compensation of the rRNA deficit by the enlarged proteins in the mitoribosome.
Transactional occupations of older women aging‐in‐place: Negotiating change and meaning (2010)

The increasing number of oldest‐old adults who ‘age in place’ in their home raises important questions about the relationships between place, occupation, and well‐being for that cohort. Much remains to be learned about how change in person and place are related to older adults’ occupations and how change and adjustments through occupation influence the meaning older adults experience through their lifeworlds. Using a multiple case study approach employing in‐depth interviews and observations, we examined the cases of three oldest‐old women who continue to live in their own homes but face challenges of aging in place. We conceptualized core domains and processes of relations, occupations, and meanings with the perspective of transactional occupation as a backdrop. Two major conceptual categories emerged from analysis: ‘meaning experienced through occupation’ and ‘negotiating change in the lifeworld.’ The domains of meaning experienced through occupation included occupations of identity, place‐centered activity, and relationships. Processes of negotiating change in the lifeworld included place integration, coordinating occupation, and situational framing.
An Atlas framework for scalable mapping (2003)

This paper describes Atlas, a hybrid metrical/topological approach to SLAM that achieves efficient mapping of large-scale environments. The representation is a graph of coordinate frames, with each vertex in the graph representing a local frame, and each edge representing the transformation between adjacent frames. In each frame, we build a map that captures the local environment and the current robot pose along with the uncertainties of each. Each map's uncertainties are modeled with respect to its own frame. Probabilities of entities with respect to arbitrary frames are generated by following a path formed by the edges between adjacent frames, computed via Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm. Loop closing is achieved via an efficient map matching algorithm. We demonstrate the technique running in real-time in a large indoor structured environment (2.2 km path length) with multiple nested loops using laser or ultrasonic ranging sensors.