gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and global genomic DNA methylation in a cancer-free population (2011)

Changes in DNA methylation may represent an intermediate step between the environment and human diseases. Little is known on whether behavioral risk factors may modify gene expression through DNA methylation. To assess whether DNA methylation is associated with different levels of physical activity, we measured global genomic DNA methylation using bisulfite converted DNA and real time PCR (MethyLight) for LINE-1 in peripheral blood of 161 participants aged 45-75 years enrolled in the North Texas Healthy Heart Study and levels of physical activity using an accelerometer (Actigraph GT1M Monitor). We found that individuals with physical activity 26-30 min/day had a significantly higher level of global genomic DNA methylation compared to those with physical activity ≤ 10 min/day (β=2.52, 95%CI: 0.70, 4.35) However, the association was attenuated and became statistically insignificant after multivariate adjustment (β=1.24, 95%CI:-0.93, 3.40). There were some suggestions of a positive association between physical activity and global genomic DNA methylation in non-Hispanics (β=1.50, 95%CI: -0.08, 3.08) that warrants further investigation.
Calculation of metal-clad ridge-waveguide (MCRW) laser modes by mode coupling technique (1986)

The waveguide modes of metal-clad ridge-waveguide (MCRW) lasers are calculated rigorously by way of laterally coupled-mode equations. Thereby propagation constants of the waveguide modes are computed and compared to an approximate theory. Taking into account the complete set of local TE- and TM-eigenmodes, our analysis reveals that MCRW laser modes are mainly TE-polarized with a TM-component of some percent in case of narrow stripe lasers and it is shown that for strong lateral discontinuity of the waveguide geometry radiation losses appear owing to excitation of leaky TM-modes. Furthermore, modes losses caused by metal absorption are investigated and found to be in the order of 10 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> for highly conductive metallizations.
Abnormal Subendocardial Perfusion in Cardiac Syndrome X Detected by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2002)

In patients with syndrome X, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates subendocardial hypoperfusion during the intravenous administration of adenosine, which is associated with intense chest pain. These data support the notion that the chest pain may have an ischemic cause.
[Mu-opioidergic immunomodulation: the neurochemical basis]. (2009)

The review summarizes information from literature and results of autor's own investigation concerning the influence of the selective mu-opioid agonists (beta-endorphin, morphine, DAGO) on immune status. The neurochemical mechanisms of the interaction between the mu-opioidergic and neuromediator systems are discussing. The participation of the dopaminergic mechanisms in mu-opioid-induced changes of immunological reactivity is revealed also.
Friches industrielles : Dépolluer avec les plantes (2001)

Alternative economique aux lourds procedes physico-chimiques, la depollution des sols par les plantes, ou phytoremediation, interesse les amenageurs. Mais, faute d'experimentation, on evalue encore mal le temps d'action de ces vegetaux.
Amino acids 356–372 constitute a Gi‐activator sequence of the α2‐adrenergic receptor and have a Phe substitute in the G protein‐activator sequence motif (1992)

The human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor contains the sequence KASRWRGRQNREKRFTF (amino acids 356-372) at the C-terminal end of its third intracellular loop. This sequence satisfies the structural criteria for G protein-activating sequences [(1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 8342-8346] except that the C-terminal sequence is B-B-X-X-Phe instead of B-B-X-B or B-B-X-X-B (B: basic residue, X: non-basic residue). Nevertheless, the synthetic peptide corresponding to this sequence (peptide alpha 2-F) was found to activate Gi and Go strongly with a saturated effect at 1-3 microM. Furthermore, the substitution of the C-terminal Phe of peptide alpha 2-F with Arg, Trp, and Tyr (but not Ala or Asp) did not appreciably affect the Gi-activating potency. It is suggested that the C-terminal basic residue of the B-B-X-X-B motif in Gi-activating sequences can be replaced by an aromatic residue.
Circulating soluble endoglin and placental abruption (2008)

Serum levels of the anti-angiogenic factor sEng are elevated prior to the development of hypertension and placental abruption. These elevations are not apparent until the late second trimester (26-27 weeks, on average), but they persist from this time in gestation onward. sEng may be useful for identifying pregnant women at risk for abruption and hypertension.
Different Types of Packed Columns in Liquid-Solid Chromatography (1969)

Peak broadening h of an inert sample and the permeability K of regular and irregular packed columns as a function of the carrier velocity u is determined experimentally. The columns are packed with glass beads. The unusual shapes of these curves are discussed assuming a “streamline” flow pattern in regular packed columns if Re >10. This effect is to be observed in irregular packed columns at velocities of approximately one centimeter per second as a decrease in h with increasing u, and a possible explanation is proposed. In columns packed with glass beads coated with a thin porous layer of alumina h vs u and K vs u curves are determined for inert and retained substances. In such columns the capacity ratio k′ is a function of the velocity. The influence of the surface area of the solid stationary phase on the capacity raito is discussed.
A 1-Gb/s joint equalizer and trellis decoder for 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (2001)

1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet employs eight-state 4-dimensional trellis-coded modulation to achieve robust 1-Gb/s transmission over four pairs of Category-5 copper cabling. This paper compares several postcursor equalization and trellis decoding algorithms with respect to performance, hardware complexity, and critical path. It is shown that parallel decision-feedback decoders (PDFD) offer the best tradeoff. The example of a 14-tap PDFD, however, shows that it is challenging to meet the required throughput of 1 Gb/s using current standard-cell CMOS technology. A modified approach is proposed which uses decision-feedback prefilters followed by a one-tap PDFD. This considerably reduces hardware complexity and improves the throughput while still meeting the bit-error-rate requirement. The critical path is further reduced by employing a look-ahead technique. The proposed joint equalizer and trellis decoder architecture has been implemented in 3.3-V 0.25-/spl mu/m standard-cell CMOS process. It achieves a throughput of 1 Gb/s with a 125 MHz clock. Compared to a 14-tap PDFD, the design improves both gate count and throughput by a factor of two, while suffering only from a 1.3-dB performance degradation.
Conformational Diversity of Wild-type Tau Fibrils Specified by Templated Conformation Change (2008)

Tauopathies are sporadic and genetic neurodegenerative diseases characterized by aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. Tau pathology occurs in over 20 phenotypically distinct neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia. The molecular basis of this diversity among sporadic tauopathies is unknown, but distinct fibrillar wild-type (WT) Tau conformations could play a role. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and electron microscopy, we show that WT Tau fibrils and P301L/V337M Tau fibrils have distinct secondary structures, fragilities, and morphologies. Furthermore, P301L/V337M fibrillar seeds induce WT Tau monomer to form a novel fibrillar conformation, termed WT*, that is maintained over multiple seeding reactions. WT* has secondary structure, fragility, and morphology that are similar to P301L/V337M fibrils and distinct from WT fibrils. WT Tau is thus capable of conformational diversity that arises via templated conformation change, as has been described for amyloid beta, beta2-microglobulin, and prion proteins.
Processing, surface expression, and immunogenicity of carboxy-terminally truncated mutants of G protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (1989)

Posttranslational processing and cell surface expression were examined for three C-terminally truncated mutants of the G protein of respiratory syncytial virus expressed from engineered cDNAs. The truncated mutants, encoded by cDNAs designated G71, G180, and G230, contained the N-terminal 71, 180, and 230 amino acids, respectively, of the 298-amino-acid G protein. To facilitate detection of G71, which reacted inefficiently with G-specific antisera, we constructed a parallel set of cDNAs, designated G71/13, G180/13, and G230/13, to encode the same truncated species with the addition of a C-terminal 13-amino-acid reporter peptide which could be detected efficiently with an antipeptide serum. G71, G180, and G230 were expressed as species of Mr 7,500, 48,000, and 51,000, respectively, compared with 84,000 for parental G protein. The proteins encoded by G180 and G230, like parental G protein, contained both N-linked and O-linked carbohydrate. Also, the protein encoded by G71/13 appeared to be O glycosylated, showing that even this highly truncated form contained the structural information required to target the protein for O glycosylation. As for parental G protein, the estimated Mrs of the proteins encoded by G180 and G230 were approximately twice the calculated molecular weight of the polypeptide chain. Experiments with monensin showed that most of this difference between the calculated and observed Mr was due to posttranslational processing in or beyond the trans-Golgi compartment, presumably owing to the addition of carbohydrate or aggregation into dimers or both. Like parental G protein, all three truncated forms accumulated abundantly at the cell surface, and in each case the C terminus was extracellular. Thus, the N-terminal 71 amino acids of the G protein contained all the structural information required for efficient membrane insertion and cell surface expression, whereas the extracellular domain was dispensable for these activities. Cotton rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the G71, G180, G230, or parental G protein to compare their abilities to induce serum antibodies and resistance to challenge virus replication. The G71 and G180 recombinants failed to induce significant levels of G-specific antibodies or resistance to challenge, whereas the immunogenicity of G230 equaled or exceeded that of parental G protein. This suggested that the C-terminal 68 amino acids of the 236-amino-acid ectodomain do not contribute to the major epitope(s) of the G protein that is involved in inducing protective immunity.
Metal–organic framework supported ionic liquid membranes for CO2 capture: anion effects (2012)

IRMOF-1 supported ionic liquid (IL) membranes are investigated for CO(2) capture by atomistic simulation. The ILs consist of identical cation 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [BMIM](+), but four different anions, namely hexafluorophosphate [PF(6)](-), tetrafluoroborate [BF(4)](-), bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [Tf(2)N](-), and thiocyanate [SCN](-). As compared with the cation, the anion has a stronger interaction with IRMOF-1 and a more ordered structure in IRMOF-1. The small anions [PF(6)](-), [BF(4)](-), and [SCN](-) prefer to locate near to the metal-cluster, particularly the quasi-spherical [PF(6)](-) and [BF(4)](-). In contrast, the bulky and chain-like [BMIM](+) and [Tf(2)N](-) reside near the phenyl ring. Among the four anions, [Tf(2)N](-) has the weakest interaction with IRMOF-1 and thus the strongest interaction with [BMIM](+). With increasing the weight ratio of IL to IRMOF-1 (W(IL/IRMOF-1)), the selectivity of CO(2)/N(2) at infinite dilution is enhanced. At a given W(IL/IRMOF-1), the selectivity increases as [Tf(2)N](-) < [PF(6)](-) < [BF(4)](-) < [SCN](-). This hierarchy is predicted by the COSMO-RS method, and largely follows the order of binding energy between CO(2) and anion estimated by ab initio calculation. In the [BMIM][SCN]/IRMOF-1 membrane with W(IL/IRMOF-1) = 1, [SCN](-) is identified to be the most favorable site for CO(2) adsorption. [BMIM][SCN]/IRMOF-1 outperforms polymer membranes and polymer-supported ILs in CO(2) permeability, and its performance surpasses Robeson's upper bound. This simulation study reveals that the anion has strong effects on the microscopic properties of ILs and suggests that MOF-supported ILs are potentially intriguing for CO(2) capture.
Introduction to Ceramics (1977)

INTRODUCTION. Ceramic Processes and Products. CHARACTERISTICS OF CERAMIC SOLIDS. Structure of Crystals. Structure of Glasses. Structural Imperfections. Surfaces, Interfaces, and Grain Boundaries. Atom Mobility. DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN CERAMICS. Ceramic Phase Equilibrium Diagrams. Phase Transformation, Glass Formation and Glass--Ceramics. Reactions with and between Solids. Grain Growth. Sintering and Vitrification. Microstructure of Ceramics. PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS. Thermal Properties. Optical Properties. Plastic Deformation, Viscous Flow and Creep. Elasticity, Anelasticity and Strength. Thermal and Compositional Stresses. Electrical Conductivity. Dielectric Properties. Magnetic Properties.
Long-term results of electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (2013)

During the long term follow-up of 12 months, LES - EST was safe and effective for the treatment of GERD. There was a significant and sustained improvement in GERD symptoms, reduction in esophageal acid exposure with elimination of daily PPI usage, and no stimulation-related adverse effects.
Performance analysis of continuous tracking laser Doppler vibrometry applied to rotating structures in coast-down (2012)

In this paper a performance analysis of the so-called tracking continuous scanning laser&#13;\nDoppler vibrometry (TCSLDV) exploited in coast-down has been performed. This non-contact&#13;\nmeasurement system is able to scan continuously over a rotating surface during coast-down&#13;\nand to determine vibration operational deflection shapes (ODSs) and natural frequencies in&#13;\nshort time, i.e. the temporal extent of the coast-down. The method is based on a laser Doppler&#13;\nvibrometer (LDV) whose laser beam is driven to scan continuously over the whole rotor&#13;\nsurface synchronously with its rotation, so that the LDV output is modulated by the structure’s&#13;\nODSs. This technique has a full-field nature that enables it to measure simultaneously the time&#13;\nand spatial dependence of the vibration in a unique measurement. However, the TCSLDV&#13;\npresents some criticalities in practical applications, especially when applied to rotary transient&#13;\nand fast processes. In fact, if the vibration is transient and decays very fast, then the laser beam&#13;\ncould not have had the time to scan the complete structure surface and the modulation of the&#13;\nODS could be partial. An analytical model reproducing a representative experiment has been&#13;\ndeveloped in order to evaluate the sensitivity of results to testing conditions. The laser beam&#13;\ntrajectory in both the fixed and rotating reference systems has been synthesized showing its&#13;\ndependence on experimental parameters as the rotation speed variation during coast-down. It&#13;\nhas been demonstrated the decrease in speed induces the deformation of the laser trajectory&#13;\ninfluencing the LDV output time history, spectrum and consequently the recovered ODS.
Patient-Specific Arterial Flow Simulation with Additional Geometric Elements (2006)

Biomedical flow problems tend to involve domains which are geometrically complex over a range of scales. Much effort has gone into developing tools for generating computational meshes automatically from medical scan data (MRI, CT), allowing the easy creation of patient-specific models of the flow domain, and hence the investigation of flow under existing conditions. One obvious enhancement to this capability is to be able to interactively modify the geometry; this would for example allow the prior determination of the effect of certain surgical procedures. In this paper we report on the application of new techniques allowing the insertion of CAD models into the original scan data. The resulting computer program, ScanCAD, has been applied to three case studies illustrating the range of applications for such a technique.
The State of the Art in Intrusion Prevention and Detection (2013)

The State of the Art in Intrusion Prevention and Detection analyzes the latest trends and issues surrounding intrusion detection systems in computer networks, especially in communications networks. Its broad scope of coverage includes wired, wireless, and mobile networks; next-generation converged networks; and intrusion in social networks.Presenti
Detection of Two Viral Genomes in Single Cells by Double-Label Hybridization in Situ and Color Microradioautography (1985)

Double labeling and color microradioautography were used in a new method of hybridization in situ to identify different genes in individual cells. The method is based on the unequal penetration of 3H and 35S into two layers of nuclear track emulsion separated by a thin barrier film. Hybridization of a 35S-labeled probe specific for one kind of gene results in silver grains over cells in both layers of emulsion; a 3H-labeled probe for a second gene provides grains only in the first layer of emulsion. Silver grains are converted to magenta-colored grains in the first layer and to cyan-colored grains in the second to facilitate enumeration of grains in each layer. This technique should be widely applicable in analyses of differential gene expression in single cells or in discrete populations of cells.
Galactose metabolism in Rhizobium meliloti L5-30 (1986)

Data from previous studies of Rhizobium meliloti mutants have been consistent with the catabolism of hexoses via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. However, galactose metabolism was not impaired in those mutants. We show here by enzymatic assay and by identification of a galactose mutant lacking 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogalactonate aldolase that the De Ley-Doudoroff pathway is used for galactose metabolism. Mutants in this pathway have not been previously reported for any organism.
Generation and FEC-Decoding of a 231.5-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Signal with 256-Iterative-Polar-Modulation Achieving 11.15- b/s/Hz Intrachannel Spectral Efficiency and 800-km Reach (2012)

A 231.5-Gb/s PDM-OFDM signal with 256-iterative-polar-modulation, outperforming 256-QAM by 1.2 dB in required OSNR after soft-FEC decoding, is generated, FEC-decoded, and transmitted over a record distance of 800 km with 11.15 -b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency.
Detection and Clinical Importance of Micrometastatic Disease (1999)

Metastatic relapse in patients with solid tumors is caused by systemic preoperative or perioperative dissemination of tumor cells. The presence of individual tumor cells in bone marrow and in peripheral blood can be detected by immunologic or molecular methods and is being regarded increasingly as a clinically relevant prognostic factor. Because the goal of adjuvant therapy is the eradication of occult micrometastatic tumor cells before metastatic disease becomes clinically evident, the early detection of micrometastases could identify the patients who are most (and least) likely to benefit from adjuvant therapy. In addition, more sensitive methods for detecting such cells should increase knowledge about the biologic mechanisms of metastasis and improve the diagnosis and treatment of micrometastatic disease. In contrast to solid metastatic tumors, micrometastatic tumor cells are appropriate targets for intravenously applied agents because macromolecules and immunocompetent effector cells should have access to the tumor cells. Because the majority of micrometastatic tumor cells may be nonproliferative (G0 phase), standard cytotoxic chemotherapies aimed at proliferating cells may be less effective, which might explain, in part, the failure of chemotherapy. Thus, adjuvant therapies that are aimed at dividing and quiescent cells, such as antibody-based therapies, are of considerable interest. From a literature search that used the databases MEDLINE(R), CANCERLIT(R), Biosis(R), Embase(R), and SciSearch(R), we discuss the current state of research on minimal residual cancer in patients with epithelial tumors and the diagnostic and clinical implications of these findings.
Enzymatic Incorporation of ATP and CTP Analogues into the 3′ End of tRNA (1977)

Structural analogues of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and cytidine 5'-triphosphate were investigated as substrates for ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyl transferase. Eight out of 26 ATP analogues and six out of nine CTP analogues were incorporated into the 3' terminus of tRNA. In general, for the recognition of the substrates the modification of the cytidine is less critical than is the modification of adenosine. An isosteric substitution on the ribose residue is possible in both CTP and ATP. The free hydroxyls of these triphosphates can be replaced by an amino group or hydrogen atom without loss of substrate properties. Modifications of positions 1, 2, 6, and 8 on the adenine ring of ATP are not allowed whereas modification on positions 2, 4 and 5 on the cytosine ring of CTP are tolerated by the enzyme. No differences can be observed in the substrate properties of ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyl transferase isolated from different sources. Methods for preparation of tRNA species, which are shortened at their 3' end by one or more nucleotides, and analytical procedures for characterisation of these modified tRNAs are described.
Tet Proteins Can Convert 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Formylcytosine and 5-Carboxylcytosine (2011)

5-methylcytosine (5mC) in DNA plays an important role in gene expression, genomic imprinting, and suppression of transposable elements. 5mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) by the Tet (ten eleven translocation) proteins. Here, we show that, in addition to 5hmC, the Tet proteins can generate 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) from 5mC in an enzymatic activity-dependent manner. Furthermore, we reveal the presence of 5fC and 5caC in genomic DNA of mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse organs. The genomic content of 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC can be increased or reduced through overexpression or depletion of Tet proteins. Thus, we identify two previously unknown cytosine derivatives in genomic DNA as the products of Tet proteins. Our study raises the possibility that DNA demethylation may occur through Tet-catalyzed oxidation followed by decarboxylation.