gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time I/O Management System with COTS Peripherals (2011)

Real-time embedded systems are increasingly being built using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components such as mass-produced peripherals and buses to reduce costs, time-to-market, and increase performance. Unfortunately, COTS-interconnect systems do not usually guarantee timeliness, and might experience severe timing degradation in the presence of high-bandwidth I/O peripherals. Moreover, peripherals do not implement any internal priority-based scheduling mechanism, hence, sharing a device can result in data of high priority tasks being delayed by data of low priority tasks. To address these problems, we designed a real-time I/O management system comprised of 1) real-time bridges with I/O virtualization capabilities, and 2) a peripheral scheduler. The proposed framework is used to transparently put the I/O subsystem of a COTS-based embedded system under the discipline of real-time scheduling, minimizing the timing unpredictability due to the peripherals sharing the bus. We also discuss computing the maximum delay due to buffered I/O data transactions as well as determining the buffer size needed to avoid data loss. Finally, we demonstrate experimentally that our prototype real-time I/O management system successfully exports multiple virtual devices for a single physical device and prioritizes I/O traffic, guaranteeing its timeliness.
Markers of inflammation are inversely associated with Vo2 max in asymptomatic men (2006)

We investigated whether markers of inflammation, including a cytokine (IL-6), acute-phase reactants [C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen], and white blood cell (WBC) count are associated with maximal O(2) consumption (Vo(2 max)) in men without coronary heart disease (CHD). In asymptomatic men (n = 172, 51 +/- 9.3 yr old), Vo(2 max) was measured during a symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise test. Physical activity level was assessed by a standardized questionnaire. IL-6 and CRP were measured by immunoassays, fibrinogen by the Clauss method, and WBC count with a Coulter counter. IL-6 and CRP were logarithmically transformed to reduce skewness. Multivariable regression was used to assess whether markers of inflammation were associated with Vo(2 max) after adjustment for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables (physical activity level, percent body fat, and alcohol intake). Vo(2 max) was 34.5 ml.kg(-1).min(-1) (SD 6.1). Log IL-6 (r = -0.38, P < 0.001), log CRP (r = -0.40, P < 0.001), fibrinogen (r = -0.42, P < 0.001), and WBC count (r = -0.22, P = 0.004) were each correlated with Vo(2 max). In separate multivariable linear regression models that adjusted for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables, log IL-6 [beta-coeff = -1.66 +/- 0.63 (SE), P = 0.010], log CRP [beta-coeff = -0.99 +/- 0.33 (SE), P = 0.003], fibrinogen [beta-coeff = -1.51 +/- 0.44 (SE), P = 0.001], and WBC count [beta-coeff = -0.52 +/- 0.30 (SE), P = 0.088] were each inversely associated with Vo(2 max). In conclusion, higher circulating levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen are independently associated with lower Vo(2 max) in asymptomatic men.
Supramolecular Architecture (1992)

This chapter will provide a brief overview about the various strategies aimed at structural control of extended assemblies. The systems under consideration evolve in their dimensionality from (i) Two-Dimensional Assemblies: Thin Films, to (ii) Layered and Low-Dimensional Structures, and (iii) Three-Dimensional Frameworks and Amorphous Networks. Representative areas of research activity include selective monolayer assemblies on electrode surfaces, functionalized pillared layered materials, and assemblies of conductors, semiconductor clusters or nonlinear optical materials in three-dimensionally ordered hosts such as zeolites. Reference to articles in this book and to key contributions in the literature is given.
Initial Chromosome Damage but Not DNA Damage Is Greater in Ataxia Telangiectasia Cells (1992)

Cells derived from individuals with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) exhibit increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation and certain drugs (e.g., bleomycin, neocarzinostatin, and etoposide) as evidenced by decreased survival and increased chromosome aberrations at mitosis when compared with normal cell lines. To understand better the basis of this sensitivity, three AT and two normal lymphoblastoid cell lines were fractionated into cell cycle phase-enriched populations by centrifugal elutriation and then examined for their survival and their relative initial levels of DNA damage (neutral DNA filter elution) and chromosome damage (premature chromosome condensation). AT cells exhibited decreased levels of survival in all phases of the cell cycle; however, AT cells in early G1 phase were especially sensitive compared with normal cells in G1 phase. While AT and normal cells exhibited similar levels of initial DNA double-strand breaks in exponential populations as well as throughout the cell cycle, AT cells showed nearly twofold higher initial levels of chromosome damage than normal control cells in G1 and G2 phase. These results suggest that there is a higher rate of conversion of DNA double-strand breaks into chromosome breaks in AT cells, perhaps due to a difference in chromatin organization or stability. Thus one determining component of cellular radiosensitivity might include chromatin structure.
A Preliminary Study of Long-Term Treatment with Interferon Gamma-1b and Low-Dose Prednisolone in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (1999)

In a preliminary study, 12 months of treatment with interferon gamma-1b plus prednisolone was associated with substantial improvements in the condition of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had had no response to glucocorticoids.
Supercontinuum generation in large mode-area microstructured fibers (2005)

Supercontinuum generation in large mode-area microstructured fibers is demonstrated by launching into the fiber ns pulses from a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The special properties of these fibers open the way to compact, single-mode, high-power supercontinuum sources with a low divergence of the output beam. The nonlinear phenomena leading to the formation of the broad spectrum are also described.
Attenuated GLP-1 secretion in obesity: cause or consequence? (1996)

Postprandial GLP-1 secretion in response to oral carbohydrate is considerably attenuated in obese subjects. The cause of this attenuation of GLP-1 secretion is not known although we suggest that both this fall and the overall reduction in GLP-1 values in obese subjects may be related to an increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acids.
Surface waves (1953)

The paper is an attempt to present, in the simplest possible terms, a unified picture of the theory of various forms of surface wave and a clear physical interpretation of their behaviour.The Zenneck wave, the radial cylindrical surface wave and the Sommerfeld-Goubau or axial cylindrical surface wave are each discussed and shown to represent basically one and the same phenomenon. The link with the Brewster angle, for which a wave incident on a surface suffers no reflection, is clearly established. The transition from a TEM wave supported by a parallel-strip transmission line, with metal plates close together, to two Zenneck waves independently supported by the plates, when these are separated by a very large distance, is demonstrated.The effect of bends in the supporting surface is considered, and methods of reducing radiation are explained.Finally the principles governing the launching of surface waves are surveyed with particular reference to the Brewster-angle approach.
Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in psychiatric disorders and the impact of psychotropic medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)

Combined findings confirm substantial reductions in HRV across psychiatric disorders, and these effects remained significant even in medication-free individuals. Reductions in HRV may therefore represent a significant mechanism contributing to elevated cardiovascular risk in individuals with psychiatric disorders. The negative impact of specific medications on HRV suggest increased risk for cardiovascular disease in these groups, highlighting a need for treatment providers to consider modifiable cardiovascular risk factors to attenuate this risk.
A Powerful Nonviral Vector for In Vivo Gene Transfer into the Adult Mammalian Brain: Polyethylenimine (1996)

Nonviral gene transfer into the central nervous system (CNS) offers the prospect of providing safe therapies for neurological disorders and manipulating gene expression for studying neuronal function. However, results reported so far have been disappointing. We show that the cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) provides unprecedentedly high levels of transgene expression in the mature mouse brain. Three different preparations of PEI (25-, 50-, and 800-kD) were compared for their transfection efficiencies in the brains of adult mice. The highest levels of transfection were obtained with the 25-kD polymer. With this preparation, DNA/PEI complexes bearing mean ionic charge ratios closest to neutrality gave the best results. Under such conditions, and using a cytomegalovirus (CMV)-luciferase construction, we obtained up to 0.4 10(6) RLU/microgram DNA (equivalent to 0.4 ng of luciferase), which is close to the values obtained using PEI to transfect neuronal cultures and the more easily transfected newborn mouse brain (10(6) RLU/microgram DNA). Widespread expression (over 6 mm3) of marker (luciferase) or functional genes (bcl2) was obtained in neurons and glia after injection into the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. Transgene expression was found more than 3 months post-injection in cortical neurons. No morbidity was observed with any of the preparations used. Thus, PEI, a low-toxicity vector, appears to have potential for fundamental research and genetic therapy of the brain.
Carbon Nanotubes: Materials for Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnological Applications (2006)

Carbon nanotubes are considered as molecular wires exhibiting novel properties for diverse applications including medicinal and biotechnological purposes. Surface chemistry on carbon nanotubes results on their solubilization in organic solvents and/or aqueous/physiological media. Herein, we will present how interfacing such novel carbon-based nanomaterials with biological systems may lead to new applications in diagnostics, vaccine and drug delivery. Recent developments in this rapidly growing field will be presented thus suggesting exciting opportunities for the utilization of carbon nanotubes as useful tools for biotechnological applications. Emphasis will be placed in the integration of biomaterials with carbon nanotubes, which enables the use of such hybrid systems as biosensor devices, immunosensors and DNA-sensors.
Preparation and characterization of a .beta.-lactamase-Fab' conjugate for the site-specific activation of oncolytic agents (1992)

Antibody-directed catalysis (ADC) is a two-step method for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents in which enzyme-antibody conjugates, prelocalized to antigen-bearing cells, activate prodrugs designed to be substrates for the enzyme. An enzyme-Fab' conjugate exhibiting both native beta-lactamase activity and immunoreactivity toward carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was constructed. Treatment of CEA-expressing LS174T cells with this conjugate imparted beta-lactamase activity to the cells; beta-lactamase activity was not imparted by treatment with unconjugated beta-lactamase and not to CEA negative cells treated with conjugate. Cephalosporin-based prodrugs, and other substrates synthesized as model compounds, were found to have wide variations in their kinetic parameters toward the conjugate, with kcat values ranging from 16 to 3300 s-1 and KM values ranging from 5 to 160 microM. The prodrug derived from desacetylvinblastine-3-carboxylic acid hydrazide (DAVLBHYD) was studied in vitro and found to be 5-fold less cytotoxic to LS174T cells than the parent DAVLBHYD. For antigen-positive cells preincubated with conjugate, however, the prodrug showed the same potency as the parent drug. Thus, the combination of conjugate and prodrug appears to provide antigen-dependent toxicity to tumor cells.
Vascular Niche Controls Organ Regeneration (2014)

Vessels provide the conduits that deliver metabolites and oxygen to the tissue and export waste products. After ischemia or tissue injury, endothelial cells migrate and proliferate to re-establish the capillary network in a process termed angiogenesis to maintain oxygen supply. Besides these essential and well-established functions in oxygen delivery, recent studies suggest that endothelial cells contribute to the multicellular-crosstalk that balances regeneration and dysfunctional or maladaptive healing. Thus, endothelial cells not only seem important for oxygen delivery but act as paracrine source for signals that determine tissue regeneration versus fibrosis. The interaction of endothelial-derived signals with hepatocyte functions has already been shown in the development of model organisms such as zebrafish1 and more recently during regeneration of lung and liver in adult mice.
A tunable Vernier fiber Fabry-Perot filter for FDM demultiplexing and detection (1989)

An N-channel optical frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) network can be realized using frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation and a tunable filter to select and detect the channels. A tandem arrangement of two fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) filters is demonstrated. For FFPs with individual finesse (F) of 57 an effective finesse of 675 is obtained in a tandem arrangement. This has a capacity of N=F/3=225 channels in a frequency-division multiaccess (FDMA)-FSK network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
What's in a Name? Personal Identity and Naming on Anuta (1983)

Names and the messages that they communicate have been a subject of general and anthropological interest. Here data are presented from Anuta, a Polynesian island in the eastern Solomons, showing that one's sense of identification with one's name is as intimate as in the west, and that social bonds are frequently established through the naming process, but without the permanence and exclusivity that we associate with names. Suggestions are offered as to why names are such potent vehicles for shaping people's sense of who they are and where they fit into their universe.
Wavelength tunable femtosecond pulse trains from a direct space-to-time pulse shaper (2000)

Summary form only given. The direct space-to-time (DST) pulse shaper has recently been shown to be useful for the generation of trains of femtosecond pulses, and "pulse packets". The direct correspondence between spatial masking elements at the apparatus input and pulses in the output temporal intensity profile is fundamentally different than the well-known Fourier-transform (FT) pulse shaping geometry and lends itself to the generation of extremely high-rate (in excess of 400 GHz) TDM signals. We show how this fast TDM signal can be obtained at multiple center wavelengths, in principle simultaneously.
Insomnia and dementia: is agomelatine treatment helpful? Case report and review of the literature (2016)

The treatment of sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be quite challenging in elderly patients because of drug side effects or interactions and comorbid local or systemic diseases. Here, we report a patient with AD, who was suffering from severe insomnia and depression. We ordered agomelatine for the treatment of insomnia in this patient, and it was quite helpful not only for insomnia but also for depression and for the cognitive symptoms related with dementia. Our aim was to share these observations for similar patients.
An Inertial Measurement Unit for User Interfaces (2000)

Inertial measurement components, which sense either acceleration or angular rate, are being embedded into common user interface devices more frequently as their cost continues to drop dramatically. These devices hold a number of advantages over other sensing technologies: they measure relevant parameters for human interfaces and can easily be embedded into wireless, mobile platforms. The work in this dissertation demonstrates that inertial measurement can be used to acquire rich data about human gestures, that we can derive efficient algorithms for using this data in gesture recognition, and that the concept of a parameterized atomic gesture recognition has merit. Further we show that a framework combining these three levels of description can be easily used by designers to create robust applications.
Neisseria meningitidis NadA is a new invasin which promotes bacterial adhesion to and penetration into human epithelial cells (2004)

Neisseria meningitidis is a human pathogen, which is a major cause of sepsis and meningitis. The bacterium colonizes the upper respiratory tract of approximately 10% of humans where it lives as a commensal. On rare occasions, it crosses the epithelium and reaches the bloodstream causing sepsis. From the bloodstream it translocates the blood-brain barrier, causing meningitis. Although all strains have the potential to cause disease, a subset of them, which belongs to hypervirulent lineages, causes disease more frequently than others. Recently, we described NadA, a novel antigen of N. meningitidis, present in three of the four known hypervirulent lineages. Here we show that NadA is a novel bacterial invasin which, when expressed on the surface of Escherichia coli, promotes adhesion to and invasion into Chang epithelial cells. Deletion of the N-terminal globular domain of recombinant NadA or pronase treatment of human cells abrogated the adhesive phenotype. A hypervirulent strain of N. meningitidis where the nad A gene was inactivated had a reduced ability to adhere to and invade into epithelial cells in vitro. NadA is likely to improve the fitness of N. meningitidis contributing to the increased virulence of strains that belong to the hypervirulent lineages.
Segmentation According to Natural Examples: Learning Static Segmentation from Motion Segmentation (2009)

The Segmentation According to Natural Examples (SANE) algorithm learns to segment objects in static images from video training data. SANE uses background subtraction to find the segmentation of moving objects in videos. This provides object segmentation information for each video frame. The collection of frames and segmentations forms a training set that SANE uses to learn the image and shape properties of the observed motion boundaries. When presented with new static images, the trained model infers segmentations similar to the observed motion segmentations. SANE is a general method for learning environment-specific segmentation models. Because it can automatically generate training data from video, it can adapt to a new environment and new objects with relative ease, an advantage over untrained segmentation methods or those that require human-labeled training data. By using the local shape information in the training data, it outperforms a trained local boundary detector. Its performance is competitive with a trained top-down segmentation algorithm that uses global shape. The shape information it learns from one class of objects can assist the segmentation of other classes.
Structure/function studies of human decay‐accelerating factor (2000)

The decay-accelerating factor (DAF) contains four complement control protein repeats (CCPs) with a single N-linked glycan positioned between CCPs 1 and 2. In previous studies we found that the classical pathway regulatory activity of DAF resides in CCPs 2 and 3 while its alternative pathway regulatory activity resides in CCPs 2, 3 and 4. Molecular modelling of the protein predicted that a positively charged surface area on CCPs 2 and 3 (including KKK125-127) and nearby exposed hydrophobic residues (L147F148) on CCP3 may function as ligand-binding sites. To assess the roles of the N-linked glycan and the above two sets of amino acids in the function of DAF, we mutated N61 to Q, KKK125-127 to TTT and L147F148 to SS. Following expression of the mutated cDNAs in Chinese hamster ovary cells, the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored mutant proteins were affinity purified and their functions were assessed. In initial assays, the proteins were incorporated into sheep and rabbit erythrocytes and the effects of the mutations on regulation of classical and alternative C3 convertase activity were quantified by measuring C3b deposition. Since DAF also functions on C5 convertases, comparative haemolytic assays of cells bearing each mutant protein were performed. Finally, to establish if spatial orientation between DAF and the convertases on the cell surface played any role in the observed effects, fluid-phase C3a generation assays were performed. All three assays gave equivalent results and showed that the N-linked glycan of DAF is not involved in its regulatory function; that L147F148 in a hydrophobic area of CCP3 is essential in both classical and alternative pathway C3 convertase regulation; and that KKK125-127 in the positively charged pocket between CCPs 2 and 3 is necessary for the regulatory activity of DAF on the alternative pathway C3 convertase but plays a lesser role in its activity on the classical pathway enzyme.
Exploring the adenine nucleotide binding sites on mitochondrial F1-ATPase with a new photoaffinity probe, 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl adenosine 5'-triphosphate. (1982)

Upon removal from the mitochondrial inner membrane, the then soluble F1 can only catalyze ATP hydrolysis, a Mg2'requiring process (1, 2).The F, enzyme is composed of 9
Design and fabrication of a multianalyte-capable optical biosensor using a multiphysics approach (2005)

An evanescent-wave biosensor was designed and fabricated using simple and robust microfabrication technology. The significance of the sensor is the design method, in which a multiphysical approach is used to draw from much broader field than is customary for these sensor types. The sensor uses a microscale NOA61 optical waveguide that is surface-altered with a custom chemical modification process, coupled with modified self-assembly of a fluorescent dye and enzyme. To interface the analyte with the waveguide surface, a multilayer PDMS fluidic mold is designed to fit over the waveguide. Interfacing of both optics and fluidics are achieved using specifically-designed couplings. The entire device has been successfully fabricated and assembled, with preliminary analyte response testing completed.
Plasma concentrations following oral and sublingual administration of lorazepam. (1988)

Lorazepam 2.5 mg was given as premedication either orally or sublingually to 20 patients undergoing minor gynaecological surgery. Plasma concentrations were followed for up to 8 h after administration. The time for the maximal plasma concentration (tmax) occurred 40 min after oral administration and 60 min after sublingual administration. No significant differences were found between the two treatments at any time. The plasma concentration after 8 h was high compared to the maximal plasma concentration.