gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inheritance and expression of foreign genes in transgenic soybean plants (1989)

DNA-coated gold particles were introduced into meristems of immature soybean seeds using electric discharge particle acceleration to produce transgenic fertile soybean plants. The lineages of integrated foreign DNA in two independently transformed plants were followed in the first (R(1)) and second (R(2)) generation of self-pollinated progeny. One plant (4615) was transformed with the Escherichia coli genes for beta-glucuronidase and neomycin phosphotransferase II; the other (3993) was transformed only with the gene for beta-glucuronidase. Segregation ratios for the introduced gene(s) were approximately 3:1 for plant 4615 and 1:1 for plant 3993 in the R(1) generation. DNA analysis showed 100% concordance between presence of the foreign gene sequences and enzyme activity. Moreover, all copies of the foreign genes are inherited as a unit in each plant. Plant 3993 segregated in a 1:1 ratio in the R(2) generation. R(1) plants derived from plant 4615, which expressed both genes, gave either 100% or 3:1 expression of both genes in the R(2) generation, demonstrating recovery of both homozygous and heterozygous R(1) plants. Our results show that foreign DNA introduced into soybean plants using electric discharge particle acceleration can be inherited in a Mendelian manner. Results also demonstrate cotransformation of tandem markers and show that both markers are inherited as closely linked genes in subsequent generations. These results indicate that whole plants can be derived from single transformed cells by a de novo organogenic pathway.
Staphylococcus aureus fibronectin‐binding proteins (FnBPs) (1994)

Polyclonal antibodies against recombinant fibronectin-binding proteins (gal-FnBP A and ZZ-FnBP B) of Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed by both solid-phase and solution-phase methods. These antibodies were found to bind homologous antigen and to cross-react with heterologous antigen. It was also found that antibodies recognize native FnBP on the cell surface. It has been shown, by the inhibition assay, that the majority of antibodies recognize a fibronectin-binding D1-D2 sequence of FnBP A. Anti-FnBP A Fab fails to bind the D3 sequence, though this peptide used in a solution inhibits binding of fibronectin to immobilized FnBP A, similarly to D1 and D2 peptides. Since the anti-FnBP A antibodies are able to block fibronectin binding to staphylococci by about 50%, it is reasonable to assume that the bacterial receptor has additional binding sites outside the D domain.
Real Time Eye Detector with Cascaded Convolutional Neural Networks (2018)

An accurate and efficient eye detector is essential for many computer vision applications. In this paper, we present an efficient method to evaluate the eye location from facial images. First, a group of candidate regions with regional extreme points is quickly proposed; then, a set of convolution neural networks (CNNs) is adopted to determine the most likely eye region and classify the region as left or right eye; finally, the center of the eye is located with other CNNs. In the experiments using GI4E, BioID, and our datasets, our method attained a detection accuracy which is comparable to existing state-of-the-art methods; meanwhile, our method was faster and adaptable to variations of the images, including external light changes, facial occlusion, and changes in image modality.
Structure of binary colloidal mixtures of charged and uncharged spherical particles (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of binary colloidal mixtures of charged and uncharged spherical particlesJ. M. Mendez-Alcaraz, B. D'Aguanno, and R. KleinCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 12, 2913–2920Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00048a012https://doi.org/10.1021/la00048a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction to the Configurable Highly Parallel Computer. Revision. (1981)

The Configurable, Highly Parallel (CHiP) Computer family is introduced. These architectures are built around a lattice of programmable switches and data paths that permit processing elements to be connected in arbitrary patterns. The approach preserves locality. The parameters that determine various family members are discussed including switch configuration storage capacity, switch and processor element degrees and corridor width. An efficient embedding of a complete binary tree is presented to illustrate interconnection pattern programming. An algorithm for solving a system of linear equations is given to illustrate the versatility of configurability. (Author)
Role of dietary polyamines in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas (2013)

These preliminary findings reveal complex relationships between diet and therapeutic prevention, and they support further clinical trial-based investigations where the dietary intervention itself is controlled.
Bear bile: dilemma of traditional medicinal use and animal protection (2009)

Bear bile has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Modern investigations showed that it has a wide range of pharmacological actions with little toxicological side effect and the pure compounds have been used for curing hepatic and biliary disorders for decades. However, extensive consumption of bear bile made bears endangered species. In the 1980's, bear farming was established in China to extract bear bile from living bears with "Free-dripping Fistula Technique". Bear farming is extremely inhumane and many bears died of illness such as chronic infections and liver cancer. Efforts are now given by non-governmental organizations, mass media and Chinese government to end bear farming ultimately. At the same time, systematic research has to be done to find an alternative for bear bile. In this review, we focused on the literature, laboratory and clinical results related to bear bile and its substitutes or alternative in English and Chinese databases. We examined the substitutes or alternative of bear bile from three aspects: pure compounds derived from bear bile, biles from other animals and herbs from TCM. We then discussed the strategy for stopping the trading of bear bile and issues of bear bile related to potential alternative candidates, existing problems in alternative research and work to be done in the future.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Activation Modulates Pancreatitis-Associated Gene Expression But Does Not Modify the Susceptibility to Experimental Pancreatitis in Mice (2009)

These findings demonstrate that GLP-1 receptor activation increases pancreatic mass and selectively modulates the expression of genes associated with pancreatitis. However, activation or genetic elimination of GLP-1R signaling does not modify the severity of experimental pancreatitis in mice.
EWS/FLI-1 Silencing and Gene Profiling of Ewing Cells Reveal Downstream Oncogenic Pathways and a Crucial Role for Repression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (2004)

Ewing tumors are characterized by abnormal transcription factors resulting from the oncogenic fusion of EWS with members of the ETS family, most commonly FLI-1. RNA interference targeted to the junction between EWS and FLI-1 sequences was used to inactivate the EWS/FLI-1 fusion gene in Ewing cells and to explore the resulting phenotype and alteration of the gene expression profile. Loss of expression of EWS/FLI-1 resulted in the complete arrest of growth and was associated with a dramatic increase in the number of apoptotic cells. Gene profiling of Ewing cells in which the EWS/FLI-1 fusion gene had been inactivated identified downstream targets which could be grouped in two major functional clusters related to extracellular matrix structure or remodeling and regulation of signal transduction pathways. Among these targets, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 gene (IGFBP-3), a major regulator of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) proliferation and survival signaling, was strongly induced upon treating Ewing cells with EWS/FLI-1-specific small interfering RNAs. We show that EWS/FLI-1 can bind the IGFBP-3 promoter in vitro and in vivo and can repress its activity. Moreover, IGFBP-3 silencing can partially rescue the apoptotic phenotype caused by EWS/FLI-1 inactivation. Finally, IGFBP-3-induced Ewing cell apoptosis relies on both IGF-1-dependent and -independent pathways. These findings therefore identify the repression of IGFBP-3 as a key event in the development of Ewing's sarcoma.
The Subsea Systems Of The Argyll Area Fields (1988)

ABSTRACT The paper highlights the major subsea/subsurface systems and equipment installed over the past several years which have resulted in the extension of the Argyll Area field life. Three major areas will be addressed emphasising the design philosphy of minimising cost, while maximising flexibility, reliability and the use of simple, existing technology. Details will include the pioneering installation of gas lift, the water flooding of the Duncan field with H's unique manifold system and the remote tie-in of wells 9 miles distant with a simple hydraulic system. INTRODUCTION The subsea system developed for Argyll has been critical to the success of the Argyll Area fields. The equipment installed has enabled three oil fields of different production requirements to be produced safely, reliably and in a cost effective manner. The original philosophy of simplicity of design and use of proven technology has been validated by over twelve years of operating experience. This paper summarises the subsea hardware and the overall design for the subsea production facilities. The design philosophy is founded on the use of proven technology and the simplest mechanical hook-up necessary, to produce safely within the regulatory requirements. DESIGN ENVIRONMENT The challenges faced by the engineers on the original Argyll development in the early 1970's are not altogether different from those today. Risk was foremost in their mind: risk in the form of reservoir uncertainties, economic changes and engineering unknowns. Reservoir engineering has undergone major advances over the years, but fields are still full of surprises both positive and negative. The magnitude of economic uncertainty was probably as great, if not greater then than now. The design of the facilities had to be flexible to cater for potential changes. The size of the Argyll reservoir was judged to be small, approximately 10 million barrels and the field life five years. The price of oil was $9 per barrel in 1974. It took 25 barrels of oil to pay back a capital cost of £100 while today it only takes 10 barrels. The pressure to control costs was as intense then as in today's economic environment. Probably the most significant factor facing the Argyll designers was that in the early 1970's, facilities to produce a field by subsea methods had never been developed. The Argyll Area was the pioneer subsea development. Some field parameters facilitated the selection of a subsea system, but others presented serious challenges. Reservoir fluid characteristics were close to ideal. The sweet crude is 380 API, the flowing pressures and GOR are low and no problems have been experienced with wax, hydrate or sand. Areal extent was such that even at the shallowest reservoir depth of 8,400 ft, either directional wells could be planned or straight holes drilled and tied back to the production facility with flow lines.
Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Disease (2011)

In pediatric IBD, a marked increase in aerobes and facultative anaerobes was found, along with an increase in Enterobacteriaceae members (Escherichia coli). In both pediatric IBD and celiac disease (Th1-mediated disorders), higher bacterial cell counts were observed, jointly with a general gain of biodiversity. A preponderance of Bacteroidetes and a parallel decrease of Firmicutes was also reported in IBD, celiac disease and autism. Contrarily, dietary changes due to Western lifestyles increase Firmicutes populations and lower short-chain fatty acids production, possibly exposing 'developed' children to the infectious challenge (Escherichia and Shigella spp.). Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species could be protective agents for atopic diseases, while Clostridia, Enterobacteriaceae, and staphylococci can be associated with an increased risk of such Th2-mediated disorders. In the brain-gut axis view, gut microbiota could also play a role in autism.
Dose-Intense Taxol: High Response Rate in Patients With Platinum-Resistant Recurrent Ovarian Cancer (1994)

We observed a 48% response rate with dose-intense paclitaxel for patients with advanced-stage, platinum-resistant, recurrent ovarian cancer. The response rate is higher than previously reported for paclitaxel at a lower dose in similar cohorts of patients treated without G-CSF. Comparison of phase II studies of paclitaxel suggests a dose-response relationship. Therapy with dose-intense paclitaxel and G-CSF should be considered for patients with advanced, platinum-refractory ovarian cancer.
Graphene functionalization and seeding for dielectric deposition and device integration (2012)

Graphene has recently attracted wide-spread attention because of its unique transport and physical properties that are appealing for a wide range of electronic applications. Integration with scalable high-κ dielectrics is important for the realization of graphene-based top-gated electronic devices, including next generation THz applications. Atomic layer deposition (ALD), a low temperature deposition method based on two separate self-limiting surface reactions, is a preferred technique to achieve high-quality, conformal, ultrathin dielectric films with precise control of thickness and chemical composition at the atomic scale. Unfortunately, ALD of oxides on graphene is hindered by the inertness of the graphene surface. To alleviate this graphene-oxide incompatibility, several different functionalization and seeding methods have recently been developed to render the graphene more susceptible to the ALD process of high-κ dielectrics including: ozone, wet chemical and fluorine pretreatments, low-k polymer seed, e-beam metal, and oxide seed layers. The ability of each approach to enable conformal, uniform high-κ dielectrics on graphene while maintaining its inherent transport properties for low power, high-frequency device applications is discussed.
Orally Administered P22 Phage Tailspike Protein Reduces Salmonella Colonization in Chickens: Prospects of a Novel Therapy against Bacterial Infections (2010)

One of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in man and economically important animals is bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The emergence of difficult-to-treat infections, primarily caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, demands for alternatives to antibiotic therapy. Currently, one of the emerging therapeutic alternatives is the use of lytic bacteriophages. In an effort to exploit the target specificity and therapeutic potential of bacteriophages, we examined the utility of bacteriophage tailspike proteins (Tsps). Among the best-characterized Tsps is that from the Podoviridae P22 bacteriophage, which recognizes the lipopolysaccharides of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In this study, we utilized a truncated, functionally equivalent version of the P22 tailspike protein, P22sTsp, as a prototype to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of Tsps in the GI tract of chickens. Bacterial agglutination assays showed that P22sTsp was capable of agglutinating S. Typhimurium at levels similar to antibodies and incubating the Tsp with chicken GI fluids showed no proteolytic activity against the Tsp. Testing P22sTsp against the three major GI proteases showed that P22sTsp was resistant to trypsin and partially to chymotrypsin, but sensitive to pepsin. However, in formulated form for oral administration, P22sTsp was resistant to all three proteases. When administered orally to chickens, P22sTsp significantly reduced Salmonella colonization in the gut and its further penetration into internal organs. In in vitro assays, P22sTsp effectively retarded Salmonella motility, a factor implicated in bacterial colonization and invasion, suggesting that the in vivo decolonization ability of P22sTsp may, at least in part, be due to its ability to interfere with motility… Our findings show promise in terms of opening novel Tsp-based oral therapeutic approaches against bacterial infections in production animals and potentially in humans.
Vagus nerve stimulation therapy (2002)

Over the past 5 years, and especially within the last year, there has been a rapid expansion of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)-related preclinical research, as well as clinical studies in indications other than epilepsy. The research advances in understanding VNS are occurring in the midst of a blossoming of other forms of therapeutic brain stimulation, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS). In general, improved understanding of the neurobiological effects of VNS therapy as a function of the different use parameters (frequency, intensity, pulse width, duration, dose) is beginning to guide clinical use and help determine which diseases, in addition to epilepsy, VNS might treat.
A water soluble extract from Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's Claw) is a potent enhancer of DNA repair in primary organ cultures of human skin (2006)

Cat's Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) water extracts, essentially free of oxindole alkaloids, have been shown to possess a broad spectrum of biological activity including DNA repair enhancement and antiinflammatory properties. These two biological mechanisms are key molecular targets to develop treatments that protect skin exposed to ultraviolet light from the sun. Because C-Med-100, a Cat's Claw water extract, is the only documented natural source of components that can up-regulate simultaneously both DNA repair and antiinflammation, its ability to modulate DNA repair in human skin organ cultures was undertaken. For this purpose skin cultures were treated with or without 5 mg/mL C-Med-100, irradiated with 0-100 mJ/cm2 UVB, and microscopically analysed for necrosis as well as the level of pyrimidine dimers using immunofluorescent TT-dimer antibody staining. The data clearly demonstrated that co-incubation with C-Med-100 reduced skin cell death from UV exposure, and this protection was accounted for by a concomitant increase in DNA repair. Based on these results, it was concluded that C-Med-100 was a natural plant extract worthy of further consideration as a sunscreen product.
An efficient message-passing schedule for LDPC decoding (2004)

An efficient decoding schedule for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes that outperforms the conventional approach, in terms of both complexity and performance, is presented. Conventionally, in each iteration, all symbol nodes and, subsequently, all the check nodes, send messages to their neighbors ("flooding schedule"). In contrast, in the proposed method, the updating of nodes is performed according to a serial schedule which propagates the information twice as fast. A density evolution (DE) algorithm for asymptotic analysis of the new schedule is derived, showing that, when working near the code's capacity, the decoder converges in approximately half the number of iterations. In addition, a concentration theorem is proved, showing that, for a randomly chosen serial schedule, code graph, and decoder input, the decoder's performance approaches its expected one as predicted by the DE algorithm, when the code length increases.
Complete Nucleotide Sequences of Functional Clones of the AIDS Virus (1987)

To examine the mechanism of lymphocytotoxicity induced by human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), an in vitro model has been developed. Introduction of an HTLV-III/LAV proviral clone, HXB2, into normal lymphocytes results in the production of virions and cell death. The complete nucleotide sequence of the proviral form of HXB2 has now been determined. Its structure is quite similar to that previously determined for HTLV-III/LAV clones whose biological capacities had not previously been demonstrated. The biological function of two additional clones of HTLV-III/LAV, BH10 and HXB3, are reported. Clone BH10 which lacks the 5' long terminal repeat sequences (LTR) and a portion of the 3' LTR is reconstituted by substituting the corresponding sequences of HXB2 and is shown to be capable of generating infectious cytopathic virions. Clone HXB3, which has been partially sequenced, is also found to be capable of producing lymphocytopathic virus. Clone HXB3 differs from HXB2 in its lack of a termination codon in 3' orf, demonstrating that 3' orf plays no major role in virus replication or cytopathic activity. These data provide the necessary background to allow the identification of viral determinants of replication, cytopathic activity, and antigenicity using these functional proviral clones.
Thermodynamics of Iodine Solubility and Triiodide Ion Formation in Water and in Deuterium Oxide (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of Iodine Solubility and Triiodide Ion Formation in Water and in Deuterium OxideR. W. Ramette and R. W. Sandford Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 22, 5001–5005Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00950a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00950a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2736Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts