gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CXCR2 Deficiency Confers Impaired Neutrophil Recruitment and Increased Susceptibility During Toxoplasma gondii Infection (2001)

Neutrophil migration to the site of infection is a critical early step in host immunity to microbial pathogens, in which chemokines and their receptors play an important role. In this work, mice deficient in expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 were infected with Toxoplasma gondii and the outcome was monitored. Gene-deleted animals displayed completely defective neutrophil recruitment, which was apparent at 4 h and sustained for at least 36 h. Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) animals also displayed defective polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration, suggesting mast cells as one source of chemokines driving the response. Tachyzoite infection and replication were accelerated in CXCR2(-/-) animals, resulting in establishment of higher cyst numbers in the brain relative to wild-type controls. Furthermore, serum and spleen cell IFN-gamma levels in infected, gene-deleted mice were reduced 60-75% relative to infected normal animals, and spleen cell TNF-alpha was likewise reduced by approximately 50%. These results highlight an important role for CXCR2 in neutrophil migration, which may be important for early control of infection and induction of immunity during Toxoplasma infection.
Design of pushbroom imaging spectrometers for optimum recovery of spectroscopic and spatial information (2000)

A modulation transfer function-based optimization method is described that generates optimal spectral and spatial uniformity of response from compact pushbroom imaging spectrometer designs. Such uniformity is essential for extracting accurate spectroscopic information from a pushbroom imaging spectrometer for Earth-observing remote sensing applications. Two simple and compact spectrometer design examples are described that satisfy stringent uniformity specifications.
An Epoxy Photoresist Modified by Luminescent Nanocrystals for the Fabrication of 3D High‐Aspect‐Ratio Microstructures (2007)

Abstract An epoxy‐based negative‐tone photoresist, which is known as a suitable material for high‐aspect‐ratio surface micromachining, is functionalized with red‐light‐emitting CdSe@ZnS nanocrystals (NCs). The proper selection of a common solvent for the NCs and the resist is found to be critical for the efficient incorporation of the NCs in the epoxy matrix. The NC‐modified resist can be patterned by standard UV lithography down to micrometer‐scale resolution, and high‐aspect‐ratio structures have been successfully fabricated on a 100 mm scaled wafer. The “as‐fabricated”, 3D, epoxy‐based surface microstructures show the characteristic luminescent properties of the embedded NCs, as verified by fluorescence microscopy. This issue demonstrates that the NC emission properties can be conveniently conveyed into the polymer matrix without deteriorating the lithographic performance of the latter. The dimensions, the resolution, and the surface morphology of the NC‐modified‐epoxy microstructures exhibit only minor deviations with respect to that of the unmodified reference material, as examined by means of microscopic and metrologic investigations. The proposed approach of the incorporation of emitting and non‐bleachable NCs into a photoresist opens novel routes for surface patterning of integrated microsystems with inherent photonic functionality at the micro‐ and nanometer‐scale for light sensing and emitting applications.
Anisotropic Surface Melting of an Ice Crystal and Its Relationship to Growth Forms (1997)

Surface structures of ice crystals are discussed on the basis of experiments and molecular dynamics simulation. Experimental results showed that anisotropic surface melting can occur on the {0001}- and {101̄0}- faces of an ice crystal at temperatures just below the bulk melting point. Molecular dynamics simulations of ice surfaces were also carried out in order to examine the dynamic properties of surface melting. Anisotropic temperature dependence on the thickness of the quasiliquid layer (qll), which was consistent with the experimental results, was confirmed between both the {0001}- and {101̄0}-faces. Self-diffusion coefficients, which were estimated from the translational movements of water molecules in the quasiliquid layer, indicate that the dynamic properties of the quasiliquid layer change significantly with changes in the depth from the qll surface. Finally, growth forms of ice crystals are discussed in connection with anisotropic surface melting.
Cytosol protein kinase C downregulation in fibroblasts from Alzheimer's disease patients (1993)

We attempted to determine whether changes in protein kinase C (PKC) activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains are also present in cultured skin fibroblasts from living patients. Biopsies collected from shoulder skin were transferred to culture plates with an appropriate growth medium, and histone-directed PKC activity as well as phorbol ester binding were individually determined in soluble and particulate fractions prepared from AD and non-AD fibroblast cell lines. Binding experiments indicated that PKC was unevenly distributed between cytosol (78%) and particulate (22%). The Bmax values for phorbol ester binding in soluble and particulate fractions were similar in AD and non-AD patients. Kd values in the cytosol were 94% higher in AD patients, indicating lower affinity of the enzyme for the ligand. Accordingly, the soluble PKC activity was 30% lower in AD patients. The data suggest that the changes in PKC phosphorylating activity represent a diffuse cellular defect in AD and are not confined to the brain. The alterations of the enzyme may participate in the disregulation in processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein in AD.
A single-phase current source solar inverter with reduced-size DC link (2009)

This paper presents a new current source converter topology that is primarily intended for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) applications. In comparison against the existing PV inverter technology, the salient features of the proposed topology are: a) the low frequency (double of line frequency) ripple that is common to single-phase inverter has been eliminated; b) the absence of low frequency ripple enables significantly reduced-size passive components to achieve necessary stiffness; and c) improved maximum-power-point-tracking performance is readily achieved due to the tightened current ripple even with reduced-size passive components. This paper presents the proposed topology and its working principle backed up with numerical verifications.
Optimal load management of EV battery charging and optimization of harmonic impacts on distribution transformers (2012)

The growing concern about CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions and dependency on gasoline contributes to the increasing application of electric vehicles (EVs). EV battery chargers are non-linear loads and large-scale scale application of EVs increases the grid harmonics significantly. The grid harmonics have negative impacts on the components of the power system including distribution transformers. In this paper the impacts of EV charging on the load loss, hot-spot temperature and life time of distribution transformers are studied. Moreover, the EV charging load is formulated as an optimization problem and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions are employed for obtaining an optimal EV charging schedule. The EV load management program presented in this paper, maintains the safety operation of distribution transformers by minimizing their life time reduction.
Overexpression of a DEAD Box Protein (DDX1) in Neuroblastoma and Retinoblastoma Cell Lines (1998)

The DEAD box gene, DDX1, is a putative RNA helicase that is co-amplified with MYCN in a subset of retinoblastoma (RB) and neuroblastoma (NB) tumors and cell lines. Although gene amplification usually involves hundreds to thousands of kilobase pairs of DNA, a number of studies suggest that co-amplified genes are only overexpressed if they provide a selective advantage to the cells in which they are amplified. Here, we further characterize DDX1 by identifying its putative transcription and translation initiation sites. We analyze DDX1 protein levels in MYCN/DDX1-amplified NB and RB cell lines using polyclonal antibodies specific to DDX1 and show that there is a good correlation with DDX1 gene copy number, DDX1 transcript levels, and DDX1 protein levels in all cell lines studied. DDX1 protein is found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of DDX1-amplified lines but is localized primarily to the nucleus of nonamplified cells. Our results indicate that DDX1 may be involved in either the formation or progression of a subset of NB and RB tumors and suggest that DDX1 normally plays a role in the metabolism of RNAs located in the nucleus of the cell.
Developmental regulation of nicotinic ACh receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat central and peripheral nervous systems (1995)

In the present study we have investigated the anatomical distribution pattern of nAChR alpha 3, alpha 4, beta 2, and beta 4 subunit mRNAs during prenatal and perinatal development of the rat CNS and PNS. Three main developmental patterns have been recognized. (1) In the majority of cases studied (caudal brain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal and geniculate ganglia) all four subunit mRNAs are initially (E11-13) detected but, during subsequent prenatal development, the level of some of these subunit mRNAs (alpha 3 and beta 4 in the brain and spinal cord, alpha 4 and beta 4 in the dorsal root ganglia, alpha 4 in the visceral sensory ganglia, and alpha 3, alpha 4, and beta 4 in the somatic sensory ganglia) become undetectable. (2) In the case of the cerebral cortex a pair of subunit mRNAs (alpha 3-beta 2) is initially (E12-13) expressed followed by a repression of the alpha 3 subunit (E15) and the subsequent (E17-19) induction of the alpha 4 subunit. (3) Only some subunit mRNAs are initially (E13-15) expressed in the retina (alpha 3-alpha 4-beta 2-beta 4), parasympathetic or sympathetic motor ganglia (alpha 3-beta 2-beta 4), and vestibulo-cochlear ganglia (alpha 4-beta 2) and their level remains stable throughout prenatal and early postnatal development. Overall, in most central and peripheral structures the appearance of nAChR subunit mRNAs is precocious and temporally related to the timing of neuronal differentiation. In addition, in several structures the expression of certain subunits (alpha 3, alpha 4 or beta 4) is transient, although not beta 2. Finally, the comparison of the different regional distribution patterns suggests that a limited number of structure-specific receptor isoforms are functional during development of CNS and PNS.
Immunogenicity of Intranasally Administered Meningococcal Native Outer Membrane Vesicles in Mice (1999)

Colonization of the human nasopharyngeal region by Neisseria meningitidis is believed to lead to natural immunity. Although the presence of bactericidal antibody in serum has been correlated with immunity to meningococcal disease, mucosal immunity at the portal of entry may also play an important role. This study was undertaken to examine in mice the possibility of safely using native outer membrane vesicles (NOMV) not exposed to detergent as an intranasal (i.n.) vaccine. The mucosal and systemic responses of mice to intranasal and intraperitoneal (i.p.) vaccination with NOMV were compared over a range of doses from 0.1 to 20 microgram. Intranasal vaccination of mice with NOMV induced a strong systemic bactericidal antibody response, as well as a strong local immunoglobulin A immune response in the lung as determined by assay of lung lavage fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lung antibody secreting cells by enzyme-linked immunospot assay. However, 8- to 10-fold-higher doses of NOMV were required i.n. compared to i.p. to elicit an equivalent bactericidal antibody response in serum. Some NOMV vaccine was aspirated into the lungs of mice during i.n. immunization and resulted in an acute inflammatory response that peaked at 1 to 2 days postimmunization and was cleared by day 7. These results indicate that i.n. delivery of meningococcal NOMV in mice is highly effective in eliciting the production of both a mucosal immune response and a systemic bactericidal antibody response.
Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea (2014)

The review found that CPAP has a greater effect on improving AHI compared with positional therapy in positional OSA, while positional therapy was better than inactive control for improving ESS and AHI. Positional therapy may have better adherence than CPAP. There were no significant differences for other clinically relevant outcomes such as quality of life or cognitive function. All the studies were of short duration. We are unable to comment on the long-term effects of the therapies. This is important, as most of the quality-of-life outcomes will be evident only when the therapies are given over a longer period of time. The certainty of evidence was low to moderate.
Towards understanding the pathology of erythema nodosum leprosum (2008)

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immune-mediated complication of leprosy presenting with inflammatory skin nodules and involvement of multiple organ systems, often running a protracted course. Immune complex production and deposition as well as complement activation have long been regarded as the principal aetiology of ENL. However, new data show that cell-mediated immunity is also important. We have performed a critical analysis of studies on the pathology of ENL. Our main findings are as follows. ENL is characterised by an inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils with vasculitis and/or panniculitis. There is deposition of immune complexes and complement together with Mycobacterium leprae antigens in the skin. Changes in serum levels of Igs indicate a transient, localised immune response. The major T-cell subtype in ENL is the CD4 cell, in contrast to lepromatous leprosy where CD8 cells predominate. The cytokines TNFalpha and IL-6 are consistently found whilst IL-4 is low or absent in ENL lesions, indicating a T(H)1 type response. Keratinocyte 1a and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) have been shown to be present in the epidermis in ENL, which is evidence of a cell-mediated immune response. Co-stimulatory molecules such as B7-1 have also been studied but further work is needed to draw strong conclusions. We also highlight potential areas for future research.
Synthesis of Cysteinyl-tRNACys by a Genome That Lacks the Normal Cysteine-tRNA Synthetase (2000)

Synthesis of cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) by cysteine-tRNA synthetase is required for decoding cysteine codons in all known organisms. The genome of the archaeon Methanococcus jannaschii lacks the gene for a normal cysteine-tRNA synthetase. The activity of the enzyme, however, was identified recently, and it allowed the purification of the enzyme and cloning of its gene. Sequence analysis of the gene showed that it encodes proline-tRNA synthetase and, thus, raised the possibility of dual activities in a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Assays of aminoacyl-adenylate synthesis confirmed the ability of the enzyme to activate proline and cysteine and showed that both activities were independent of tRNA. Assays of tRNA aminoacylation established the specific attachment of proline to tRNA(Pro) and cysteine to tRNA(Cys). However, in contrast to a recent report of comparable activities with cysteine and proline, results here indicate that the adenylate synthesis and aminoacylation activities with cysteine are significantly lower than the respective activity with proline. In addition, there is evidence of overlapping amino acid-binding sites and tRNA-binding sites. These considerations, among others, raised the distinct possibility that the M. jannaschii proline-tRNA synthetase may recruit additional protein or RNA factors to facilitate the synthesis of cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys).
Cloning and localization of two multigene receptor families in goldfish olfactory epithelium (1998)

Goldfish reproduction is coordinated by pheromones that are released by ovulating females and detected by males. Two highly potent pheromones, a dihydroxyprogesterone and a prostaglandin, previously have been identified, and their effects on goldfish behavior have been studied in depth. We have cloned goldfish olfactory epithelium cDNAs belonging to two multigene G-protein coupled receptor families as a step toward elucidating the molecular basis of pheromone recognition. One gene family (GFA) consists of homologs of putative odorant receptors (approximately 320 residues) found in the olfactory epithelium of other fish and mammals. The other family (GFB) consists of homologs of putative pheromone receptors found in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) of mammals and also in the nose of pufferfish. GFB receptors (approximately 840 residues) are akin to the V2R family of VNO receptors, which possess a large extracellular N-terminal domain and are homologs of calcium-sensing and metabotropic glutamate receptors. In situ hybridization showed that the two families of goldfish receptors are differentially expressed in the olfactory epithelium. GFB mRNA is abundant in rather compact cells whose nuclei are near the apical surface. In contrast, GFA mRNA is found in elongated cells whose nuclei are positioned deeper in the epithelium. Our findings support the hypothesis that the separate olfactory organ and VNO of terrestrial vertebrates arose in evolution by the segregation of distinct classes of neurons that were differentially positioned in the olfactory epithelium of a precursor aquatic vertebrate.
Tracking across multiple cameras with disjoint views (2003)

Conventional tracking approaches assume proximity in space, time and appearance of objects in successive observations. However, observations of objects are often widely separated in time and space when viewed from multiple non-overlapping cameras. To address this problem, we present a novel approach for establishing object correspondence across non-overlapping cameras. Our multicamera tracking algorithm exploits the redundance in paths that people and cars tend to follow, e.g. roads, walk-ways or corridors, by using motion trends and appearance of objects, to establish correspondence. Our system does not require any inter-camera calibration, instead the system learns the camera topology and path probabilities of objects using Parzen windows, during a training phase. Once the training is complete, correspondences are assigned using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation framework. The learned parameters are updated with changing trajectory patterns. Experiments with real world videos are reported, which validate the proposed approach.
New query refinement and semantics integrated image retrieval system with semiautomatic annotation scheme (2001)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Automatic construction of personalized TV news programs (1999)

In this paper, we study the automatic construction of personalized TV News programs, where we want to build a program with predefined duration and maximum content value for a specific user. We combine video indexing techniques to parse TV News recordings into stories, and information filtering techniques to select stories which are most adequate given the user profile. We formalize the selection process as an optimization problem, and we study how to take into account duration in the selection of stories. Experiments show that a simple heuristic can provide high quality selection with little computation. We also describe two prototypes, which implement two different mechanisms for the construction of user profiles:
Analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methodsJ. Gasteiger, K. P. Schulz, and C. KredlerCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1993, 33, 3, 385–394Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00013a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00013a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Por uma “poética da ambivalência”: leitura da obra A insustentável leveza do ser, de Milan Kundera (2008)

Dissertacao de Mestrado Autora: Krishna de Almeida e Silva ( kjuba@brfree.com.br )  Orientadora: Myriam Correa de Araujo Avila Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Letras da UFMG: Estudos Literarios Area de concentracao: Teoria da Literatura Agencia financiadora: CNPq Data da defesa: 06 de maio de 2008
Mapping surface structures of the human insulin receptor with monoclonal antibodies: localization of main immunogenic regions to the receptor kinase domain (1986)

A panel of 37 monoclonal antibodies to the human insulin receptor has been used to characterize the receptor's major antigenic regions and their relationship to receptor functions. Three antibodies recognized extracellular surface structures, including the insulin binding site and a region not associated with insulin binding. The remaining 34 monoclonal antibodies were directed against the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor beta subunit. Competitive binding studies demonstrated that four antigenic regions (beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, and beta 4) are found on this domain. Sixteen of the antibodies were found to be directed against beta 1, nine against beta 2, seven against beta 3, and two against beta 4. Antibodies to all four regions inhibited the receptor-associated protein kinase activity to some extent, although antibodies directed against the beta 2 region completely inhibited the kinase activity of the receptor both in the autophosphorylation reaction and in the phosphorylation of an exogenous substrate, histone. Antibodies to the beta 2 region also did not recognize autophosphorylated receptor. In addition, antibodies to this same region recognized the receptor for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) as well as the insulin receptor. In contrast, antibodies to other cytoplasmic regions did not recognize the IGF-I receptor as well as the insulin receptor. These results indicate that the major immunogenic regions of the insulin receptor are located on the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor beta subunit and are associated with the tyrosine-specific kinase activity of the receptor. In addition, these results suggest that a portion of the insulin receptor is highly homologous to that of the IGF-I receptor.