gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning of Lyt-2, a membrane glycoprotein marking a subset of mouse T lymphocytes: molecular homology to its human counterpart, Leu-2/T8, and to immunoglobulin variable regions. (1985)

The sequence of Lyt-2 cDNA shows that it is a new member of the immunoglobulin super gene family. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence indicates that the Lyt-2 polypeptide is synthesized with a 27-amino acid leader, and that the mature protein has an immunoglobulin variable region (Ig V)-related sequence of approximately 100 amino acids, an extracellular spacer of 43, a transmembrane region of 38, and an intracytoplasmic region of 27 amino acids. Lyt-2 and its human analogue Leu-2 are 56% homologous; analysis indicates that the Ig V-related domains of the two molecules have evolved away from each other faster than the carboxyl-terminal half of the proteins.
Time domain reconstruction of spatial sound fields using compressed sensing (2011)

A novel technique for time domain spatial sound reproduction using compressed sensing is presented. The presented technique is based on the application of compressed sensing theory, which is used to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed sound field. In addition, singular value decomposition is also applied, which acts to significantly reduce the size of the data set to process, thus making it efficient and realisable for real-time applications. Results are presented from the preliminary performance evaluation of the compressed sensing technique in comparison to the Higher Order Ambisonic reconstruction technique.
Physiologic Effects of Nutritional Support and Anabolic Steroids in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial (1995)

Nutritional depletion commonly occurs in patients with COPD, causing muscle wasting and impaired physiologic function. Two hundred seventeen patients with COPD participated in a placebo-controlled, randomized trial investigating the physiologic effects of nutritional intervention alone (N) for 8 wk or combined with the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate (N + A). Nandrolone decanoate or placebo (P) was injected intramuscularly (women, 25 mg; men, 50 mg) in a double-blind fashion on Days 1, 15, 29, and 43. Nutritional intervention consisted of a daily high caloric supplement (420 kcal; 200 ml). Also, all patients participated in an exercise program. In the depleted patients, both treatment regimens induced a similar significant body weight gain (2.6 kg) but different body compositional changes. Particularly in the last 4 wk of treatment, weight gain in the N group was predominantly due to an expansion of fat mass (p < 0.03 versus P and N + A), whereas the relative changes in fat-free mass (FFM) and other measures of muscle mass were more favorable in the N + A group (p < 0.03 versus P). Maximal inspiratory mouth pressure improved within both treatment groups in the first 4 wk of treatment, but after 8 wk only N + A was significantly different from P (p < 0.03). Nutritional supplementation in combination with a short course of anabolic steroids may enhance the gain in FFM and respiratory muscle function in depleted patients with COPD without causing adverse side effects.
Chromenes through Metal-Catalyzed Reactions of Styrenyl Ethers. Mechanism and Utility in Synthesis (1998)

An efficient metal-catalyzed process that converts styrenyl ethers to 2-substituted chromenes is described. This class of reactions may be carried out on either terminal or disubstituted styrenyl substrates. Depending on the level of substitution of the olefins, the Ru−carbene catalyst may initiate reaction either by interaction with the styrenyl or the carbocyclic alkene. Metal-catalyzed rearrangements, carried out under an atmosphere of ethylene, afford excellent yields of monomeric products. With disubstituted styrene ethers, the presence of ethylene is also critical to reaction efficiency. Mechanistic data that rationalize these observations are provided. Although Ru complexes (PCy3)2Cl2RuCHCHCPh2 or (PCy3)2Cl2RuCHPh effectively serve as catalysts, with the more functionalized substrates, higher yields are obtained when Mo(CHCMe2Ph)(N(2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3))(OCMe(CF3)2)2 is used. A variety of starting materials for the metal-catalyzed chromene synthesis (disubstituted styrenes) are available in the optically pure form through the Zr-catalyzed kinetic resolution protocol, allowing several 2-substituted chromenes to be prepared in high enantiomeric purity. However, a number of functionalized substrates cannot be efficiently resolved by the latter method, indicating that more effective methods that address this deficiency are required.
W mutant mice with mild or severe developmental defects contain distinct point mutations in the kinase domain of the c-kit receptor. (1990)

Mutations at the mouse W/c-kit locus lead to intrinsic defects in stem cells of the melanocytic, hematopoietic, and germ cell lineages. W alleles vary in the overall severity of phenotype that they confer, and some alleles exhibit an independence of pleiotropic effects. To elucidate the molecular basis for these biological differences, we analyzed the c-kit locus and the c-kit-associated autophosphorylation activities in five different W mutants representative of a range of W phenotypes. Mast cell cultures derived from mice or embryos homozygous for each W allele were deficient in c-kit autophosphorylation activity, the extent of which paralleled the severity of phenotype conferred by a given W allele both in vivo and in an in vitro mast cell coculture assay. The mildly dominant, homozygous viable alleles W44 and W57 were found to express reduced levels of an apparently normal c-kit protein. In contrast, c-kit kinase defects conferred by the moderately dominant, homozygous viable alleles W41 or W55 or the homozygous lethal allele, W37, were attributed to single-point mutations within the kinase domain of the c-kit polypeptide, which result in point substitutions of amino acid residues highly conserved in the family of protein tyrosine kinases. The nature and location of these amino acid substitutions account for the relative severity of phenotypes conferred by these W alleles and demonstrate that the pleiotropic developmental defects associated with the W/c-kit locus arise as the result of dominant loss-of-function mutations in a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase.
Effects of the Deletion of Early Region 4 (E4) Open Reading Frame 1 (orf1), orf1-2, orf1-3 and orf1-4 on Virus-Host Cell Interaction, Transgene Expression, and Immunogenicity of Replicating Adenovirus HIV Vaccine Vectors (2013)

The global health burden engendered by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a sobering reminder of the pressing need for a preventative vaccine. In non-human primate models replicating adenovirus (Ad)-HIV/SIV recombinant vaccine vectors have been shown to stimulate potent immune responses culminating in protection against challenge exposures. Nonetheless, an increase in the transgene carrying capacity of these Ad vectors, currently limited to approximately 3000 base pairs, would greatly enhance their utility. Using a replicating, E3-deleted Ad type 5 host range mutant (Ad5 hr) encoding full-length single-chain HIVBaLgp120 linked to the D1 and D2 domains of rhesus macaque CD4 (rhFLSC) we systematically deleted the genes encoding early region 4 open reading frame 1 (E4orf1) through E4orf4. All the Ad-rhFLSC vectors produced similar levels of viral progeny. Cell cycle analysis of infected human and monkey cells revealed no differences in virus-host interaction. The parental and E4-deleted viruses expressed comparable levels of the transgene with kinetics similar to Ad late proteins. Similar levels of cellular immune responses and transgene-specific antibodies were elicited in vaccinated mice. However, differences in recognition of Ad proteins and induced antibody subtypes were observed, suggesting that the E4 gene products might modulate antibody responses by as yet unknown mechanisms. In short, we have improved the transgene carrying capacity by one thousand base pairs while preserving the replicability, levels of transgene expression, and immunogenicity critical to these vaccine vectors. This additional space allows for flexibility in vaccine design that could not be obtained with the current vector and as such should facilitate the goal of improving vaccine efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the effects of these E4 deletions on transgene expression and immunogenicity in a replicating Ad vector.
Cost Effective Air-Coupled Impact-Echo Sensing for Rapid Detection of Delamination Damage in Concrete Structures (2012)

Recently, air-coupled impact-echo (IE) tests for rapid damage detection in concrete structures have been reported, where an acoustically shielded, high sensitivity, pre-polarized air-pressure sensor was employed. However, this sensor is expensive and inconvenient compared with conventional (contact sensor) IE testing systems. In this study, a low cost dynamic microphone is evaluated with regard to characterization of delamination damage in a concrete slab using the IE method. Artificial delaminations with various sizes and depths are simulated by embedding plastic double sheets into a concrete slab. Results from both point and areal scanning IE tests that were carried out over the test slab surface are reported. Results show that the dynamic microphone successfully captures impact-echo signals in a contactless manner and without acoustic shielding. Near-surface delaminations in the concrete slab were clearly identified, where the obtained results are equivalent to those results obtained with the high sensitivity sensor.
Activation of tumor-cytostatic macrophages with the antitumor agent 9,10-anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-2-yl)hydrazone] dihydrochloride (bisantrene). (1984)

An investigation was carried out to determine the potential for activating tumor-inhibitory macrophages with the cytotoxic antitumor agent, bisantrene. Macrophages prepared from peritoneal exudates of mice treated i.p. with bisantrene were extremely active in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. The minimal effective in vivo dose of this drug appeared to be 25 mg/kg, with peak activation being achieved at doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg. Effector cells became detectable 2 days after treatment and persisted for at least 4 weeks. Incubation of effector and target cells for 48 hr seemed necessary to achieve the maximum inhibitory effect. Treatment with carrageenan in vitro and in vivo abolished tumor cytostasis, whereas treatment with anti-T-cell antibody plus complement had no effect, suggesting that macrophages rather than T-lymphocytes were responsible for the observed results. Culture supernatants of activated macrophages were found to have antiproliferative effects on tumor cells, indicating that a cytostatic factor(s) was produced by these macrophages. Hydrogen peroxide and neutral proteases apparently did not function as cytostatic mediators since activated macrophages were resistant to treatment with catalase, N-alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone, and aprotinin. The present findings suggest that, in addition to direct toxicity to tumor cells, bisantrene may act as a macrophage-activating immunopotentiator. This observation may be of potential clinical usefulness in the design of immunochemotherapeutic trials for certain types of cancer.
Antisera induced by infusions of autologous Ad-CD154-leukemia B cells identify ROR1 as an oncofetal antigen and receptor for Wnt5a (2008)

We examined the sera of six patients before and after i.v. infusions of autologous chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells transduced ex vivo with an adenovirus encoding CD154 (Ad-CD154). Five patients made high-titer antibodies against adenovirus and three made IgG reactive with a leukemia-associated surface antigen, which we identified as ROR1. Anti-ROR1 antibodies were not detected in the sera of untreated patients. We generated anti-ROR1 mAbs and found they reacted specifically with the CLL cells of all patients, but not with nonleukemic leukocytes, a wide variety of normal adult tissues, or blood mononuclear cells, including CD5(+) B cells of healthy adults. ROR1 could bind Wnt5a, which induced activation of NF-kappaB when coexpressed with ROR1 in HEK293 cells and enhanced the survival of CLL cells in vitro, an effect that could be neutralized by posttreatment anti-ROR1 antisera. We conclude that patients with CLL can break immune tolerance to ROR1, which is an oncofetal surface antigen and survival-signaling receptor in this neoplastic disease.
Prodrugs of Phosphates and Phosphonates (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPerspectiveNEXTProdrugs of Phosphates and PhosphonatesScott J. Hecker* and Mark D. ErionView Author Information Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: 858-622-3910 . Fax: 858-622-5583. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 8, 2328–2345Publication Date (Web):February 1, 2008Publication History Received5 October 2007Published online1 February 2008Published inissue 1 April 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm701260bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm701260breview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9365Altmetric-Citations331LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Organic compounds,Organophosphorus compounds,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Stability Get e-Alerts
Wearable Photoplethysmographic Sensors—Past and Present (2014)

Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology has been used to develop small, wearable, pulse rate sensors. These devices, consisting of infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors, offer a simple, reliable, low-cost means of monitoring the pulse rate noninvasively. Recent advances in optical technology have facilitated the use of high-intensity green LEDs for PPG, increasing the adoption of this measurement technique. In this review, we briefly present the history of PPG and recent developments in wearable pulse rate sensors with green LEDs. The application of wearable pulse rate monitors is discussed.
Distributed coordination models for client/server computing (1995)

A major limitation in the basic client/server model is its focus on clients requesting individual services. Clients often need to invoke multiple services, coordinated to reflect how those services interrelate and contribute to the overall application. Important examples include task allocation and event notification in collaborative workgroup systems, and task sequencing and routing in workflow applications. Failure to address control requirements for such interactions has impeded development of uniform methods and tools for building many types of distributed systems with client/server architectures. The article identifies and examines extensions to the basic client/server model that provide explicit support for coordinating multiserver interactions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Chemical properties of phenanthrolinequinones and the mechanism of amine oxidation by o-quinones of medium redox potentials (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical properties of phenanthrolinequinones and the mechanism of amine oxidation by o-quinones of medium redox potentialsTimothy S. Eckert and Thomas C. BruiceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 13, 4431–4441Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00351a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00351a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1208Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preferential Colonization of Metastases by Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Strain GLV-1h68 in a Human PC-3 Prostate Cancer Model in Nude Mice (2012)

Recently, we showed that the oncolytic vaccinia virus GLV-1h68 has a significant therapeutic potential in treating lymph node metastases of human PC-3 prostate carcinoma in tumor xenografts. In this study, underlying mechanisms of the virus-mediated metastases reduction were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that virus-treatment resulted in a drastically decrease of blood and lymph vessels, representing essential routes for PC-3 cell migration, in both tumors and metastases. Thus, GLV-1h68 drastically reduced essential routes for the metastatic spread of PC-3 cells. Furthermore, analysis of viral distribution in GLV-1h68-injected tumor-bearing mice by plaque assays, revealed significantly higher virus titers in metastases compared to solid tumors. To elucidate conditions potentially mediating the preferential viral colonization and eradication of metastases, microenvironmental components of uninfected tumors and metastases were compared by microscopic studies. These analyses revealed that PC-3 lymph node metastases showed increased vascular permeability, higher proliferation status of tumor cells as determined by BrdU- and Ki-67 assays and lesser necrosis of PC-3 cells than solid tumors. Moreover, an increased number of immune cells (MHCII(+)/CD68(+) macrophages, MHCII(+)/CD19(+) B lymphocytes) combined with an up-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed in metastases in comparison to primary PC-3 tumors. We propose that these microenvironmental components mediated the metastatic tropism of GLV-1h68. Therefore, vaccinia virus-based oncolytic virotherapy might offer a novel treatment of metastatic prostate carcinomas in humans.
Learning to identify hundreds of flex-form documents (1999)

This paper presents an inductive document classifier (IDC) and its application to document identification. The most important features of the presented system are learning capability, handling large volumes of highly variant documents, and high performance. IDC learns new document types (variants) from examples. To this end, it automatically extracts discriminatory features from images of various document types, generates generalized descriptions, and stores them in the knowledge base. The classification of an unknown document is based on matching its description to all general rules in the knowledge base, and selecting the best matching document types as final classifications. Both learning and identification processes are fast and accurate. The speed is gained due to optimal image processing and feature construction procedures. Identification accuracy is very high despite the fact that the discriminatory features are generated solely based on page layout information. IDC operates in two separate components of an EDMS: Knowledge Base Maintainer (KBM) and Production Identifier (PI). KBM builds a knowledge base and maintains its integrity. PI utilizes learned knowledge during the identification processes.
Antitumor Activity of a Novel Oncrasin Analogue Is Mediated by JNK Activation and STAT3 Inhibition (2011)

NSC-743380 induces antitumor activity through modulation of functions in multiple cancer related pathways and could be a potential anticancer agent for some solid tumors.
New Strategies in Bladder Cancer: A Second Coming for Immunotherapy (2015)

Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) remains one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide, and platinum-based chemotherapy, which has been the standard-of-care in metastatic bladder cancer, has had limited success in improving outcomes for patients. The recent development and translation of therapeutic strategies aimed at harnessing the immune system have led to durable and prolonged survival for patients with several different cancers, including UBC. In this review, we discuss new findings in bladder cancer immunotherapy, including recent successes with immune checkpoint blockade. We also discuss therapeutic cancer vaccines and highlight several additional immunotherapy modalities in early stages of development.
Regulation of two E2F-related genes in presenescent and senescent human fibroblasts. (1994)

Several mammalian genes expressed in late G1 are positively regulated by E2F, a heterodimeric transcription factor. Genes encoding two E2F proteins, E2F-1 and DP-1, were regulated differently during the cell cycle and replicative senescence of normal human fibroblasts. In presenescent cells, E2F-1 mRNA was cell-cycle regulated, appearing a few hours before S phase. By contrast, DP-1 mRNA was constitutively expressed, independent of position in the cell cycle. After a finite number of divisions, normal cells enter a state of irreversible growth arrest termed senescence. Many genes remain mitogen-inducible in senescent cells; there are, however, exceptions, including several late G1 genes potentially regulated by E2F. Senescent cells expressed DP-1 at the presenescent level, but did not express E2F-1 mRNA. Senescent cells were also markedly deficient in E2F binding activity associated with the dihydrofolate reductase promoter. E2F-1 and DP-1 expression vectors only weakly induced DNA synthesis in quiescent or senescent human cells and immortal murine NIH3T3 cells, although the E2F-1 vector stimulated DNA synthesis in immortal murine A31 cells, and transactivated E2F-responsive promoters in NIH3T3 cells. The results suggest that senescent cells may fail to express late G1 genes due to repression of E2F-1, leading to a deficiency of E2F activity. Furthermore, although E2F-1 stimulates DNA synthesis in some cells, other cells, including normal human fibroblasts, require additional factors.