gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pain Modulatory Actions of Cytokines and Prostaglandin E2 in the Brain (1998)

Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF alpha are known to enhance nociception at peripheral inflammatory tissues. These cytokines are also produced in the brain. We found that an intracerebroventricular injection of IL-1 beta only at nonpyrogenic doses in rats reduced the paw-withdrawal latency on a hot plate and enhanced the responses of the wide dynamic range neurons in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis to noxious stimuli. This hyperalgesia, as assessed by behavioral and neuronal responses, was blocked by pretreatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), Na salicylate, or alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone, indicating the involvement of IL-1 receptors and the synthesis of prostanoids. IL-6 and TNF alpha at nonpyrogenic doses also induced hyperalgesia in a prostanoid-dependent way. Furthermore, the preoptic area (POA) was most sensitive to IL-1 beta (5-50 pg/kg) in the induction of behavioral hyperalgesia. The maximal response was obtained 30 min after injection of IL-1 beta at 20 pg/kg. On the other hand, an injection of IL-1 beta (20-50 pg/kg) into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) prolonged the paw-withdrawal latency maximally 10 min after injection. This analgesia, as well as the intraPOA IL-1 beta-induced hyperalgesia, was completely blocked by IL-1Ra or Na salicylate. Our previous study has revealed that i.c.v. injection of PGE2 induces hyperalgesia through EP3 receptors and analgesia through EP1 receptors by its central action. The results, taken together, suggest (1) that IL-1 beta at lower doses in the brain induces hyperalgesia through EP3 receptors in the POA and (2) that the higher doses of brain IL-1 beta produces analgesia through EP1 receptors, probably, in the VMH.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, or Amino-Substituted 2,3-Dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones. (1997)

2,3-Dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones substituted with an alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, or amino group on the fused benzene ring of the 1,5-benzothiazepine skeleton were synthesized and their vasodilating, antihypertensive, and platelet aggregation-inhibitory activities were investigated. (-)-cis-3-Acetoxy-5-[2-(di-methylamino) ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-8-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin- 4(5H)-one ((-)-13e) was selected for further studies as a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation.
Rapid tunneling transit times for electrons and photons through periodic fragments (2002)

The complex band-structure method is used to examine tunneling transit times and velocities through periodic fragments. The analysis applies equally well to both electron tunneling through chainlike molecules and evanescent light passing through periodic dielectric photonic crystals. Analytic properties of the complex band structure produce branch points where the speed of (nonrelativistic Schr\"odinger) electron tunneling is unbounded, and evanescent light travels faster than c. The analysis is general, can be applied to very complex periodic systems, and produces a simple result for the tunneling transit time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ for both electrons and photons. In the limit of a very thick periodic tunneling region of thickness L, the transit time for electrons is $\ensuremath{\tau}{=L/v}_{g}^{*},$ where ${v}_{g}^{*}$ is the generalized complex band-structure transmission group velocity, ${1/v}_{g}^{*}=\ensuremath{\Elzxh}|\ensuremath{\partial}\ensuremath{\beta}/\ensuremath{\partial}E|,$ where $\ensuremath{\beta}$ is the imaginary part of the complex wave vector. The derivative $\ensuremath{\partial}\ensuremath{\beta}/\ensuremath{\partial}E$ vanishes at the branch point of the complex band structure producing unbounded (or ultrafast) speeds. Analogous results are also found for photons.
Enhanced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Splenic Tissues of Patients With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (1999)

Idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a thrombotic microangiopathy of obscure etiology. The fundamental pathologic lesion is a hyaline thrombus composed of platelets and some fibrin accompanied by endothelial cell proliferation and detachment, in the absence of an inflammatory response. We have previously demonstrated that plasmas from patients with both idiopathic TTP and a related disorder, sporadic hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), induce apoptosis and expression of the apoptosis-associated molecule Fas (CD95) in vitro in those lineages of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) that are affected pathologically. We now demonstrate the presence of enhanced MVEC apoptosis in splenic tissues from patients with TTP, documented by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and morphology. This is accompanied by elevated Fas expression. It contrasts with the absence of apoptosis in splenic tissues obtained after splenectomy for trauma or immune thrombocytopenic purpura. TUNEL-positive cells, identified by immunohistochemistry as MVECs or macrophages, presumably engulfing apoptotic ECs, are noted in numerous areas, including those apart from microthrombi. Thus, it is unlikely that EC apoptosis is simply a sequela of thrombus formation. Based on these data, we propose that MVEC apoptosis is of pathophysiologic significance in idiopathic TTP/sporadic HUS.
Fundamental limitations of optical resonator based high-speed EO modulators (2002)

Expressions for the modulation bandwidth and drive voltage for optical resonator-based modulators are presented. A comparison with lumped element Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators and with traveling wave MZ modulators is presented.
Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy (1988)

Bromelains consist of a group of proteolytic enzymes of Bromeliaceae. They are commonly used in pharmaceutical industries, food production and in diagnostic laboratories. Bromelains are known to cause IgE-mediated reactions of both the immediate type and the 'late phase reaction of immediate type reaction' with predominantly respiratory symptoms. We report four cases of occupational allergy to bromelain in workers of a blood grouping laboratory. These observations prompted us to investigate the sensitization rate to bromelain in all workers of the particular diagnostic laboratory who had contact with bromelain. These results were compared with those obtained from healthy, randomly selected individuals without evident bromelain exposure. Our findings indicate that (i) bromelain is a strong sensitizer, (ii) sensitization usually occurs due to inhalation and not to ingestion, (iii) bromelain allergy is occupationally acquired, and adequate precautions are necessary. We can further state that (iv) skin testing with relatively pure allergens such as isolated proteases like bromelain may induce systemic reactions, even at very high dilutions.
Potassium conductance in the androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP: Involvement in cell proliferation (1997)

We conclude from our findings that the human cancer prostate cell line LNCaP has a new type of K+ channel, likely to play an essential role in the physiology of these cells and, more specifically, in cell proliferation.
Proliferation Marker Ki-67 in Early Breast Cancer (2005)

Molecular markers have been extensively investigated with a view to providing early and accurate information on long-term outcome and prediction of response to treatment of early breast cancer. Proliferation is a key feature of the progression of tumors and is now widely estimated by the immunohistochemical assessment of the nuclear antigen Ki-67. The expression of Ki-67 correlates with other measurements of proliferation, including S-phase and bromodeoxyuridine uptake. High Ki-67 is a sign of poor prognosis associated with a good chance of clinical response to chemotherapy, but its independent significance is modest and does not merit measurements in most routine clinical scenarios. However, its application as a pharmacodynamic intermediate marker of the effectiveness of medical therapy holds great promise for rapid evaluation of new drugs.
Bio-control potential of Cladosporium sp. (MCPL-461), against a noxious weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. (2009)

The phenological survey of Parthenium hysterophorus L., in and around the campus of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) was done for about two years (2004-06). During Nov 2004, a few Parthenium plants were found diseased, and symptoms were restricted to the flowers, buds, and inflorescences. The disease causes sterility and reduces seed viability, which was observed with seed germination test from infected and healthy plants. The fungal pathogen was isolated and identified as Cladosporium sp. (MCPL-461). The severity of pathogen to the reproductive organs led to serious damages of the Parthenium plants. Thus in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to determine the bio-control potential of Cladosporium sp. (MCPL 461) against Parthenium weed. A combinatorial effort of Cladosporium sp. (MCPL 461) bio-control potential was evaluated with different culture media, incubation periods and spores strength. Spore suspension of 10(5) to 10(12) spores ml(-1) were used to spray on healthy Parthenium plants, and it was found that severe infection symptoms were appeared at 10(10) to 10(12) spores ml(-1) suspension. LD50 was found at 10(7) spores ml(-1). To enhance the myco-herbicide activity 3% sucrose was added to the spore suspension, which further resolute the bio-control efficacy of the isolates. Only 20-30% seeds of infected plants could germinate. However the safety of non-targeted and wild plants was also tested with Lantana camera, Chromolaena odorata and found that suspension up to 10(12) spores ml(-1) were not sufficient for disease outbreak in them.
Landscape Phage-Based Magnetostrictive Biosensor for Detecting Bacillus Anthracis Spores (2006)

A new diagnostic probe selected from a landscape phage library was used in combination with a free standing magnetostrictive platform to form a wireless biosensor with quick response and high accuracy. The immobilization of the phage-derived probes leads to a 3D biomolecular recognition layer that captures the target spores multivalently. After the phage-coated biosensors were exposed to suspensions of the target spores, the binding of spores to the sensors resulted in a decrease of the resonant frequency due to the additional mass of the attached spores. Scanning electron microscopy was used to relate the observed frequency changes to the actual number of spores bound to the sensor.
Cerebrovascular autoregulation during fetal development in sheep (1994)

There are scant data regarding the development of cerebrovascular autoregulation in fetuses. We tested the hypothesis that a decrease in cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) at reduced cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is absent in midgestation and near-term fetal sheep. Catheters were chronically implanted for microsphere determination of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 9 fetuses at 92 days and in 10 fetuses at 132 days gestation (full term = 145 days). CPP was reduced by ventricular infusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid. In 92-day fetuses, CPP was reduced stepwise from 35 to 25 and 18 mmHg and CBF decreased from 52 +/- 5 to 43 +/- 4 and 27 +/- 5 (SE) ml.min-1 x 100 g-1, respectively. Half of the immature fetuses showed some reduction in CVR at moderate reduction in CPP; however, there was no significant change in CVR in the group as a whole (from 0.72 +/- 0.06 to 0.61 +/- 0.04 and 0.89 +/- 0.20 mmHg.ml-1.min.100 g). In 132-day fetuses, CPP was reduced from 45 to 33 and 28 mmHg and CBF was unchanged (from 105 +/- 7 to 97 +/- 11 and 89 +/- 8 ml.min-1 x 100 g-1). CVR decreased from 0.45 +/- 0.05 to 0.41 +/- 0.08 and 0.33 +/- 0.03 mmHg.ml-1.min.100 g. There were no significant changes in arterial blood gases at reduced CPP in either age group. We conclude that cerebrovascular autoregulation at reduced CPP is not well developed at 92 days (0.63 gestation) in fetal sheep but that autoregulatory capacity is evident near term. We speculate that poor autoregulation may place the premature fetal brain at risk for injury.
Risk Factors for Intracranial Hemorrhage in Outpatients Taking Warfarin (1994)

The results emphasize the importance of maintaining the prothrombin time ratios under 2.0 and the need for especially careful use of warfarin in the elderly.
Change in length of relaxed muscle fascicles and tendons with knee and ankle movement in humans (2002)

Ultrasonography was used to measure changes in length of muscle fascicles in relaxed human tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius during passively imposed changes in joint angle. Changes in the length of muscle fascicles were compared to changes in the length of the whole muscle-tendon units calculated from joint angles and anthropometric data. Relaxed muscle fascicles underwent much smaller changes in length than their muscle-tendon units. On average, muscle fascicles in tibialis anterior 'saw' 55 +/- 13 % (mean +/- S.D.) of the total change in muscle-tendon length. This indicates nearly half of the total change in muscle-tendon length was taken up by stretch of tendon. In gastrocnemius, which has relatively long tendons, only 27 +/- 9 % of the total change in muscle-tendon length was transmitted to muscle fascicles. Thus, the tendency for passive movement to be taken up by the tendon was greater for gastrocnemius than tibialis anterior (P = 0.002). For these muscles, the relatively large changes in tendon length across much of the physiological range of muscle-tendon lengths could not wholly be explained by tendon slackness, changes in fibre pennation, or stretch or contraction history of the muscle. Our data confirm that when joints are moved passively, length changes 'seen' by muscle fascicles can be much less than changes in the distance between muscle origin and insertion. This occurs because tendons undergo significant changes in length, even at very low forces.
Comparison of Indices Used to Detect Hypoventilation during Sleep (1985)

Because there is no uniform method of measuring the severity of sleep apnea, we compared respiratory indices calculated from airflow and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) signals in 16 subjects during a night's sleep. Airflow was measured with a loosely fitting pneumotachograph or thermister and the following indices calculated manually: total apneas (A) and hypopneas (H); A and H per hour of sleep; total A H time; average duration of A H episodes, and A H index (the product of 2 and 4). SaO2 was measured with a Hewlett-Packard ear oximeter and the following indices calculated with a microcomputer; total number of desaturation (D) episodes; D episodes per hour of sleep; average maximum D; D index (the product of 7 and 8); SaO2 50 (1), and SaO2 10(1). There was a significant correlation among all indices; the highest correlation was between total A and H and total D (r = 0.97). We conclude that SaO2 indices calculated with a microcomputer correlate well with flow indices.
Determining SNP Allele Frequencies in DNA Pools (2000)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are among the most common types of polymorphism used for genetic association studies. A method to allow the accurate quantitation of their allele frequencies from DNA pools would both increase throughput and decrease costs for large-scale genotyping. However, to date, most DNA pooling studies have concentrated on the use of microsatellite polymorphisms. In the case of SNPs that are restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), studies have tended to use methods for the quantitation of allele frequency from pools that rely on densitometric evaluation of bands on an autoradiograph. Radiation-based methods have well-known drawbacks, and we present two alternative methods for the determination of SNP allele frequencies. For RFLPs, we used agarose gel electrophoresis of digested PCR products with ethidium bromide staining combined with densitometric analysis of gel images on a PC. For all types of SNP, we used allele-specific fluorescent probes in the Taqman assay to determine the relative frequencies of two different alleles. Both methods gave accurate and reproducible results, suggesting they are suitable for use in DNA pooling experiments.
In aqua synthesis of water-soluble poly(p-phenylene) derivatives (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn aqua synthesis of water-soluble poly(p-phenylene) derivativesThomas I. Wallow and Bruce M. NovakCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 19, 7411–7412Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00019a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00019a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1011Altmetric-Citations202LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Lack of interaction between flibanserin and antidepressants in inducing serotonergic syndrome in rats (2001)

This study was aimed at evaluating the ability of flibanserin, a 5-HT1A receptor full agonist with antidepressant potential, to induce the 5-HT syndrome (flat body posture, hindlimb abduction and forepaw treading) in rats previously administered with clinically active antidepressants imipramine, fluoxetine or paroxetine. The 5-HT syndrome was observed for 50 min after intraperitoneal administration of flibanserin (0, 8 or 64 mg/kg) given 10 min after antidepressants (0 or 15 mg/kg). Flibanserin induced flat body posture and very slight hindlimb abduction only at 64 mg/kg. No dose of flibanserin elicited forepaw treading. Similar but milder symptoms were induced by antidepressants. No interaction between flibanserin and antidepressants was observed. A dose of 10 mg/kg flibanserin did not change the flat body posture induced by 8 mg/kg (+/-)-8-OH-DPAT but antagonized (+/-)-8-OH-DPAT-induced forepaw treading.
Stationary inverted Lyman population formed from incandescently heated hydrogen gas with certain catalysts (2003)

A new chemically generated plasma source is reported. The presence of gaseous Rb+ or K+ ions with thermally dissociated hydrogen formed a low applied temperature, extremely low voltage plasma called a resonant transfer or rt-plasma having strong vacuum ultraviolet emission. We propose an energetic catalytic reaction involving a resonant energy transfer between hydrogen atoms and Rb+ or 2K+ since Rb+ to Rb2+, 2K+ to K + K2+, and K to K3+ each provide a reaction with a net enthalpy equal to the potential energy of atomic hydrogen. Remarkably, a stationary inverted Lyman population was observed; thus, these catalytic reactions may pump a cw HI laser as predicted by a collisional radiative model used to determine that the observed overpopulation was above threshold.
Some chemical and biological characteristics of a new collagen–polymer compound material (1969)

Abstract A new compound material is described, consisting of collagen sponge and glycol methacrylate, with a density varying from a compact to a highly porous spongelike material. Mechanical properties, swelling capacity, trypsin digestion rate, structural stability, and dynamics of tissue reactivity after subcutaneous and subperiostal implantation of this material were compared with collagen sponge, and the glycol methacrylate polymer alone. It has been shown that combined polymer collagen sponge with high porosity is quickly penetrated by connective tissue which maintains the character of highly vascularized loose connective tissue. The porosity of the material is a decisive factor for tissue permeation and the size of the pores should exceed 100 μ. The combination of the glycol methacrylate polymer gel with a collagen sponge increases the mechanical strength of this hydrophilic material. Optimal conditions for construction of the gel–collagen sponge were found.
Protein Structural Requirements and Properties of Membrane Binding by γ-Carboxyglutamic Acid-containing Plasma Proteins and Peptides (1989)

The membrane-binding characteristics of a number of modified vitamin K-dependent proteins and peptides showed a general pattern of structural requirements. The amino-terminal peptides from human prothrombin (residues 1-41 and 1-44, 60:40) bovine factor X (residues 1-44), and bovine factor IX (residues 1-42), showed a general requirement for a free amino-terminal group, an intact disulfide, and the tyrosine homologous to Tyr44 of factor X for membrane binding. Consequently, the peptide from factor IX did not bind to membranes. Any of several modifications of the amino terminus, except reaction with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, abolished membrane binding by the factor X and prothrombin peptides. Calcium, but not magnesium, protected the amino terminus from chemical modification. The requirement for a free amino terminus was also shown to be true for intact prothrombin fragment 1, factor X, and factor IX. Although aggregation of the peptide-vesicle complexes greatly complicated accurate estimation of equilibrium binding constants, results with the factor X peptide indicated an affinity that was not greatly different from that of the parent protein. The most striking difference shown by the peptides was a requirement for about 10 times as much calcium as the parent proteins. In a manner similar to the parent proteins, the prothrombin and factor X peptides showed a large calcium-dependent quenching of tryptophan fluorescence. This fluorescence quenching in the peptides also required about 10 times the calcium needed by the parent proteins. Thus, the 1-45 region of the vitamin K-dependent proteins contained most of the membrane-binding structure but lacked component(s) needed for high affinity calcium binding. Protein S that was modified by thrombin cleavage at Arg52 and Arg70 showed approximately the same behavior as the amino-terminal 45-residue peptides. That is, it bound to membranes with overall affinity that was similar to native protein S but required high calcium concentrations. These results suggested that the second disulfide loop of protein S (Cys47-Cys72) and prothrombin (Cys48-Cys61) were involved in high affinity calcium binding. Since factor X lacks a homologous disulfide loop, an alternative structure must serve a similar function. A striking property of protein S was dissociation from membranes by high calcium. While this property was shared by all the vitamin K-dependent proteins, protein S showed this most dramatically and supported protein-membrane binding by calcium bridging.
Piezoelectrically induced stress tuning of electro-optic devices (1991)

Photoluminescence measurements have been made on GaAs samples stressed with piezoelectric bimorphs. We show that measurable shifts in the energy gap can be obtained by mechanically stressing the semiconductor with a piezoelectric transducer. This principle can be applied to fabricate a class of wavelength-tunable electro-optic devices, such as tunable semiconductor lasers, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors.