gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The p53 Family Protein p73 Provides New Insights into Cancer Chemosensitivity and Targeting (2009)

The p53 tumor suppressor is part of a small family of related proteins that includes two other members, p73 and p63. Interest in the p53 family members, their functions and their complex interactions and regulation, has steadily grown over recent years and does not show signs of waning. p73 is a major determinant of chemosensitivity in humans, and mutant p53 proteins carrying specific polymorphisms can induce drug resistance by inhibiting TAp73. Cooperation between TA (transactivating, proapoptotic, antiproliferative) and Delta N (truncated, antiapoptotic, pro-proliferative) p73 isoforms and among the three family members guarantees equilibrium between proliferation, differentiation, and cell death, thus creating a harmony that is lost in several human cancers. In this article, we review our current knowledge of the role of p73 in cancer chemosensitivity and the real prospect of therapy targeting this molecule. We also draw attention to the crucial role of specific phosphorylation and acetylation events for p73-induced apoptosis and drug chemosensitivity.
Neurite outgrowth inhibitor Nogo-A establishes spatial segregation and extent of oligodendrocyte myelination (2011)

A requisite component of nervous system development is the achievement of cellular recognition and spatial segregation through competition-based refinement mechanisms. Competition for available axon space by myelinating oligodendrocytes ensures that all relevant CNS axons are myelinated properly. To ascertain the nature of this competition, we generated a transgenic mouse with sparsely labeled oligodendrocytes and establish that individual oligodendrocytes occupying similar axon tracts can greatly vary the number and lengths of their myelin internodes. Here we show that intercellular interactions between competing oligodendroglia influence the number and length of myelin internodes, referred to as myelinogenic potential, and identify the amino-terminal region of Nogo-A, expressed by oligodendroglia, as necessary and sufficient to inhibit this process. Exuberant and expansive myelination/remyelination is detected in the absence of Nogo during development and after demyelination, suggesting that spatial segregation and myelin extent is limited by microenvironmental inhibition. We demonstrate a unique physiological role for Nogo-A in the precise myelination of the developing CNS. Maximizing the myelinogenic potential of oligodendrocytes may offer an effective strategy for repair in future therapies for demyelination.
Viroporins (2003)

Viroporins are a group of proteins that participate in several viral functions, including the promotion of release of viral particles from cells. These proteins also affect cellular functions, including the cell vesicle system, glycoprotein trafficking and membrane permeability. Viroporins are not essential for the replication of viruses, but their presence enhances virus growth. Comprising some 60-120 amino acids, viroporins have a hydrophobic transmembrane domain that interacts with and expands the lipid bilayer. Some viroporins also contain other motifs, such as basic amino acid residues or a domain rich in aromatic amino acids that confers on the protein the ability to interact with the interfacial lipid bilayer. Viroporin oligomerization gives rise to hydrophilic pores at the membranes of virus-infected cells. As the list of known viroporins steadily grows, recent research efforts focus on deciphering the actions of the viroporins poliovirus 2B, alphavirus 6K, HIV-1 Vpu and influenza virus M2. All these proteins can enhance the passage of ions and small molecules through membranes depending on their concentration gradient. Future work will lengthen the list of viroporins and will provide a deeper understanding of their mechanisms of action.
Endothelial cell-derived heparan sulfate binds basic fibroblast growth factor and protects it from proteolytic degradation. (1988)

Cultured bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cells were found to synthesize and secrete high molecular mass heparan sulfate proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, which bound basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The secreted heparan sulfate molecules were purified by DEAE cellulose chromatography, followed by Sepharose 4B chromatography and affinity chromatography on immobilized bFGF. Most of the heparinase-sensitive sulfated molecules secreted into the medium by BCE cells bound to immobilized bFGF at low salt concentrations. However, elution from bFGF with increasing salt concentrations demonstrated varying affinities for bFGF among the secreted heparan sulfate molecules, with part of the heparan sulfate requiring NaCl concentrations between 1.0 and 1.5 M for elution. Cell extracts prepared from BCE cells also contained a bFGF-binding heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which could be released from the intact cells by a short proteinase treatment. The purified bFGF-binding heparan sulfate competed with 125I-bFGF for binding to low-affinity binding sites but not to high-affinity sites on the cells. Heparan sulfate did not interfere with bFGF stimulation of plasminogen activator activity in BCE cells in agreement with its lack of effect on binding of 125I-bFGF to high-affinity sites. Soluble bFGF was readily degraded by plasmin, whereas bFGF bound to heparan sulfate was protected from proteolytic degradation. Treatment of the heparan sulfate with heparinase before addition of plasmin abolished the protection and resulted in degradation of bFGF by the added proteinase. The results suggest that heparan sulfate released either directly by cells or through proteolytic degradation of their extracellular milieu may act as carrier for bFGF and facilitate the diffusion of locally produced growth factor by competing with its binding to surrounding matrix structures. Simultaneously, the secreted heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans protect the growth factor from proteolytic degradation by extracellular proteinases, which are abundant at sites of neovascularization or cell invasion.
Supply of promising T cell therapy is strained (2017)

Surging demand for modified immune cells causes some cancer trials to run short.
Nikon projection lens update (2004)

This paper describes various kinds of technological improvements in ArF projection lenses for success in very low-k<sub>1</sub> and high NA lithography. This paper covers optical design, lens manufacturing, aberration characterization, aberration manipulation, flare control, and linear polarizing illumination. Actual lens performance of the Nikon NSR-S307E (0.85NA ArF Optics) is also reviewed.
Varying the position of a retrovirus packaging sequence results in the encapsidation of both unspliced and spliced RNAs (1985)

By using a retroviral construct derived from Moloney murine leukemia virus and capable of expressing the dominant selectable neo gene, we measured the effects of moving or deleting a sequence (psi) known to be required in cis for the packaging of genomic RNA into virus particles. When psi was at its wild-type position (in SVX virus) near the 5' end of the RNA, the titer of infectious virus production was 5 X 10(6) G-418-resistant CFU per ml. The titer was decreased approximately fivefold when psi was moved, in its proper orientation, to near the 3' end of the virus (SVX-psi C) and was decreased approximately 600-fold when psi was moved, in its proper orientation, into the U3 region of the long terminal repeat. When psi was deleted (SVX-psi-) or inserted in the opposite orientation at either of these two positions, the titer was decreased by 3000-fold relative to SVX. In SVX-psi C, psi was no longer in the intron (as it is in SVX and Moloney murine leukemia virus) but was moved to a region which is only exonic. This resulted in the encapsidation of both spliced and unspliced RNAs, their efficient reverse transcription, and their integration into the genome of an infected cell. A number of proviruses resulting from integration of either spliced or unspliced RNAs were cloned. Four of these clones were subjected to sequence analysis in the region of the splice sites, and it was determined which sites are used by these viruses and also which are used by Moloney murine leukemia virus.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) attachment to epithelial cells: exploiting the host cell cytoskeleton from the outside (2000)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a leading cause of human infantile diarrhoea, is the prototype for a family of intestinal bacterial pathogens that induce attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions on host cells. A/E lesions are characterized by localized effacement of the brush border of enterocytes, intimate bacterial attachment and pedestal formation beneath the adherent bacteria. As a result of some recent breakthrough discoveries, EPEC has now emerged as a fascinating paradigm for the study of host-pathogen interactions and cytoskeletal rearrangements that occur at the host cell membrane. EPEC uses a type III secretion machinery to attach to epithelial cells, translocating its own receptor for intimate attachment, Tir, into the host cell, which then binds to intimin on the bacterial surface. Studies of EPEC-induced cytoskeletal rearrangements have begun to provide clues as to the mechanisms used by this pathogen to subvert the host cell cytoskeleton and signalling pathways. These findings have unravelled new ways by which pathogenic bacteria exploit host processes from the cell surface and have shed new light on how EPEC might cause diarrhoea.
A novel short consensus repeat-containing molecule is related to human complement factor H. (1993)

We have identified a novel factor H-related cDNA, which was isolated from a human liver cDNA library. The DOWN16 clone is 1269 base pairs in size and hybridized to a mRNA of 1.4 kilobases. Similar to the previously described factor H-related proteins, the predicted translation product of 331 amino acids contains a hydrophobic signal sequence followed by a stretch of five short consensus repeats (SCRs). These five SCRs display homology to SCRs of factor H: SCRs1-3 (DOWN16) are homologous to SCRs6-8 of factor H, while SCRs4 and -5 are related to SCRs19 and -20. In vitro translation demonstrated that the DOWN16 cDNA encodes a primary translation product of an apparent molecular mass of 37,500 Da which is directed to the secretory pathway and is glycosylated. Thus, we propose that the protein will be present in human serum. The relatedness of structural elements between this novel gene and factor H may suggest common functions of these proteins not yet determined.
HDL Heterogeneity and Atherosclerosis (1996)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL), the most abundant human plasma lipoprotein, plays a major role in reverse cholesterol transport, which recycles cholesterol from peripheral cells to the liver. HDL constitutes a heterogeneous group of particles differing in density, size, electrophoretic mobility, and apolipoprotein content. HDL can therefore be fractionated into discrete subclasses by different techniques according to their physicochemical properties. The clinical significance of HDL differs with the subclasses, especially with respect to coronary heart disease, alcohol intake, longevity, dyslipoproteinemia, dietary fat content, and hypolipidemic drugs. Because of their structural and functional diversity, HDL subclasses generate considerable hope that they may help to improve the identification of individuals at an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease.
Cell-to-Cell, but Not Long-Distance, Spread of RNA Silencing That Is Induced in Individual Epidermal Cells (2004)

A Turnip crinkle virus (TCV)-based system was devised to discriminate cell-to-cell and systemic long-distance spread of RNA silencing in plants. Modified TCV-GFPDeltaCP, constructed by replacing the coat protein (CP) gene with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, replicated in single epidermal cells but failed to move from cell to cell in Nicotiana benthamiana. Mechanical inoculation of TCV-GFPDeltaCP induced effective RNA silencing in single epidermal cells which spread from cell to cell to form silenced foci on inoculated leaves, but no long-distance systemic spread of RNA silencing occurred. Agroinfiltration of TCV-GFPDeltaCP was, however, able to induce both local and systemic RNA silencing. TCV coinfection arrested TCV-GFPDeltaCP-mediated local induction of RNA silencing. Possible mechanisms involved in cell-to-cell and long-distance spread of RNA silencing are discussed.
Subcellular Localization and Analysis of Apparent 180-kDa and 220-kDa Proteins of the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene, BRCA1 (1996)

The breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 encodes an 1863-amino acid protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. The biochemical function of BRCA1 is unknown, and there are conflicting results describing its subcellular location. We have identified a 220-kDa protein, which is reactive with three antibodies raised against the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of BRCA1. Immunoflourescence staining with an antibody to the carboxyl terminus of BRCA1 localized the protein to the nucleus of breast, ovarian, and cervical carcinoma-derived cell lines. A similar result was observed by biochemical subcellular fractionation that indicated that the 220-kDa protein was localized primarily to the nucleus of cell lines established from breast carcinomas. In addition to the 220-kDa protein, one antibody, C-20, also recognized a 180-kDa protein in MDA-MB-468 total cell lysates that was not detected by the other two antibodies. Several observations suggest the 180-kDa protein is the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor: (i) C-20 reacted avidly with a 180-kDa protein immunoprecipitated by an antibody to the EGF receptor; (ii) an EGF receptor antibody detected a 180-kDa protein immunoprecipitated by C-20; (iii) the affinity purified EGF receptor was both immunoprecipitated and detected on immunoblots by the C-20 antibody but not another BRCA1 antibody; (iv) similar phosphopeptide maps were generated from the EGF receptor and the 180-kDa protein immunoprecipitated by C-20, and this peptide map was distinct from the 220-kDa phosphoprotein; and (v) the C-20 immunizing peptide bears sequence identity to the EGF receptor. These results indicate that BRCA1 is a 220-kDa nuclear protein and that the 180-kDa protein reported previously may be unrelated to BRCA1.
Radio communication with orthogonal time functions (1960)

Communication systems using orthogonal time functions for the transmission of information over radio links are characterized by the following properties: 1. The same amount of information may be transmitted per unit (pu) bandwidth and pu time with double-sideband modulation as with single-sideband modulation. 2. No phase lock between the carriers produced at the transmitter and at the receiver is necessary for detection by correlation. Hence, communication is less affected by rapid phase changes of the carrier than in systems requiring phase lock. 3. It is possible to operate under conditions of large Doppler shift without changing the frequency of the carrier produced at the receiver, provided the Doppler shift varies sufficiently slowly.
Communication conscious radix sort (1999)

Article Free Access Share on Communication conscious radix sort Authors: Daniel Jiménez-González Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 Barcelona Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 BarcelonaView Profile , Josep-L. Larriba-Pey Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 Barcelona Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 BarcelonaView Profile , Juan J. Navarro Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 Barcelona Computer Architecture Dept., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord-UPC, Modul D6, E-08034 BarcelonaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICS '99: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on SupercomputingJune 1999 Pages 76–82https://doi.org/10.1145/305138.305166Published:01 May 1999Publication History 8citation397DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads397Last 12 Months13Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The Ethane Dimethanesulfonate‐Induced Decrease in the Fertilizing Ability of Cauda Epididymal Sperm Is Independent of the Testis (1994)

Several decades ago it was reported that when adult male rats were exposed to a single injection of 50 mg/kg body weight ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) and mated with untreated females, average litter size was significantly reduced as early as 2 weeks later. Recently, we demonstrated that EDS exerts multiple effects in the epididymis of adult rats. Some of these effects were independent of reduced serum testosterone (T) levels. Later we found that EDS has direct effects on epididymal epithelial cells in vitro. Herein, we sought to determine whether EDS perturbs the fertilizing ability of cauda epididymal sperm. Four days after exposure to 50 mg/kg EDS, sperm from the proximal cauda epididymidis were inseminated into adult receptive females in utero; on the next day the percentage of fertilized eggs was determined. Exogenous T administration and castration were used to determine what role, if any, androgen deprivation and the testis had on the fertilizing ability of proximal cauda epididymal sperm. Sperm motion parameters, serum T, T in the caput/corpus epididymidis, and detergent-extracted sperm protein were evaluated and correlated with fertilizing ability. We found that both castration and EDS exposure significantly compromised the fertilizing ability of sperm in proximal cauda epididymidis 4 days after exposure. Exogenous T, sufficient to maintain serum T, completely restored the fertilizing ability of sperm following castration, but not after EDS exposure. Moreover, exogenous T failed to restore fertilizing ability when castrated animals were exposed to EDS. Thus, the effects that EDS exerts on sperm maturation in vivo are independent of the testis. Finally, the only endpoint that was well correlated with fertilizing ability was the relative amount of an acidic 18-kDa sperm protein.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering from copper and zinc phthalocyanine complexes by silver and indium island films (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced Raman scattering from copper and zinc phthalocyanine complexes by silver and indium island filmsCarol. Jennings, Ricardo. Aroca, Ah Mee. Hor, and Rafik O. LoutfyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 12, 2033–2035Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00276a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00276a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nitrogen-DopedTiO2Photocatalyst Prepared by Mechanochemical Method: Doping Mechanisms and Visible Photoactivity of Pollutant Degradation (2011)

Nitrogen-doped TiO 2 (N/TiO 2 ) photocatalysts were prepared using a mechanochemical method with raw amorphous TiO 2 as precursors and various nitrogenous compounds doses (NH 4 F, NH 4 HCO 3 , NH 3 ·H 2 O, NH 4 COOCH 3 , and CH 4 N 2 O). The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermal gravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectra (UV-Vis-DRS). Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated with the degradation of p-nitrophenol and methyl orange under UV or sunlight irradiation. The catalysts had a strong visible light absorption which correspond to doped nitrogen and consequent oxygen deficient. The results of photocatalytic activity showed the visible light adsorption mechanisms, as the doped nitrogen species gave rise to a mid-gap level slightly above the top of the (O-2p) valence band, but not from the mixed band gap of the N-2p and O-2p electronic levels.
Parameter-free radial distortion correction with centre of distortion estimation (2005)

We propose a method of simultaneously calibrating the radial distortion function of a camera along with the other internal calibration parameters. The method relies on the use of a planar (or alternatively nonplanar) calibration grid, which is captured in several images. In this way, the determination of the radial distortion is an easy add-on to the popular calibration method proposed by Zhang [1999]. The method is entirely noniterative, and hence is extremely rapid and immune from the problem of local minima. Our method determines the radial distortion in a parameter-free way, not relying on any particular radial distortion model. This makes it applicable to a large range of cameras from narrow-angle to fish-eye lenses. The method also computes the centre of radial distortion, which we argue is important in obtaining optimal results. Experiments show that this point may be significantly displaced from the centre of the image, or the principal point of the camera.
Nonrandom Variability of Respiration During Sleep in Healthy Humans (2005)

We conclude that from NREM to REM sleep, short-term regulation of respiratory drive remains strongly metabolically controlled and clearly different from the short-term regulation of the rhythm-generating function. Regulation of respiratory timing and drive during REM sleep is characterized by additional long-term correlations. We speculate that this is the result of cortical influences during phasic REM sleep. Thus, the variability of breathing during REM sleep contains a nonrandom component, such that breathing components remain dependent upon each other even with large time lags between components.