gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Generation of an Autocrine Loop by a Mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Glioma Cells (2006)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is commonly amplified and rearranged in glioblastoma multiforme leading to overexpression of wild-type and mutant EGFRs. Expression of wild-type EGFR ligands, such as transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) or heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), is also often increased in gliomas resulting in an autocrine loop that contributes to the growth autonomy of glioma cells. Glioblastoma multiformes express a characteristic EGFR mutant (EGFRvIII, de 2-7) that does not bind ligand, signals constitutively, and is more tumorigenic than the wild-type receptor. However, the downstream signals that mediate this increased tumorigenicity are not well understood. We hypothesized that signals induced specifically by EGFRvIII and not the wild-type receptor are more likely to mediate its increased tumorigenic activity and examined the gene expression profiles resulting from inducible expression of comparable levels of either wild-type EGFR or EGFRvIII in a U251-MG glioma cell line. Expression of EGFRvIII resulted in specific up-regulation of a small group of genes. Remarkably, all these genes, which include TGFA, HB-EGF, EPHA2, IL8, MAP4K4, FOSL1, EMP1, and DUSP6, influence signaling pathways known to play a key role in oncogenesis and function in interconnected networks. Increased expression of EGFRvIII-induced genes was validated by real-time PCR. The mutant receptor does not bind ligand, and EGFRvIII-induced expression of TGF-alpha and HB-EGF suggests that EGFRvIII plays a role in generating an autocrine loop using the wild-type EGFR in glioma. It also raises the possibility that EGFRvIII may signal, at least in part, through the wild-type receptor. Indeed, we show that inhibiting the activity of HB-EGF, a potent mitogen, with neutralizing antibodies reduces cell proliferation induced by expression of EGFRvIII. This suggests that the EGFRvIII-HB-EGF-wild-type EGFR autocrine loop plays an important role in signal transduction by EGFRvIII in glioma cells. We also show by immunohistochemistry that HB-EGF expression correlates with the presence of EGFRvIII in glioblastoma multiforme. Thus, our study provides a new insight into oncogenic signaling by EGFRvIII and improves our understanding of how autocrine loops are generated in glioma.
Transparent Conductive Adhesives for Tandem Solar Cells (2017)

Methods of making silicon based tandem cells include wafer bonding, depositing absorber layers on the surface, and mechanical stacking. Of these, mechanically stacking after growth retains the individual cell quality during production, but typically requires a four-terminal device. We present a transparent conductive adhesive (TCA) interlayer, designed for transparency in wavelengths that Si absorbs, conductivity for out-of-plane conductivity between cells, and adhesive strength, enabling two-terminal stacked tandems. The developed TCA material is a polymer-particle blend of common transparent adhesives and metal-coated flexible microspheres, capable of bridging micro-scale gaps between uneven/textured surfaces. At 10% microsphere coverage, experimental and theoretical series resistance is compatible with high-efficiency tandem cells on silicon.
D (1993)

Beschränkungen, denen die einzelnen Wirtschaftssubjekte bei der Aufstellung ihrer Wirtschaftspläne unterworfen sind, d.h. Umstände und Gegebenheiten, die sie selbst in der Planungsperiode nicht verändern können (Rahmenbedingungen). Sie lassen sich danach unterscheiden, ob sie abhängig oder unabhängig von den ökonomischen Vorgängen sind. Die von ökonomischen Vorgängen abhängigen Beschränkungen werden durch den Wirtschaftsprozeß bestimmt, während die von ökonomischen Vorgängen unabhängigen Beschränkungen (Rahmenbedingungen im engeren Sinne) jeder → Volkswirtschaft ihr spezifisches Aussehen verleihen (Bevölkerungsgröße und -Struktur, natürliche → Ressourcen, → Wirtschaftsordnung).
Synthesis of Compounds with Properties of Leukotrienes C 4 and D 4 in Gerbil Brains After Ischemia and Reperfusion (1984)

6-Sulfidopeptide-containing leukotriene-like immunoreactivity was synthesized in gerbil forebrains after bilateral common carotid occlusion and reperfusion. At 5, 10, or 15 minutes of ischemia, concentrations increased significantly and became more marked on reperfusion. Immunoreactivity was highest in forebrain gray matter and was below the detection limit of the assay in brain regions remote from the zone of ischemia. In vitro experiments with vascular cells and organ cultures of cerebral arteries indicate that the cerebral blood vessel wall is not a major source of biosynthetic activity in the brain. These experiments demonstrate leukotriene biosynthesis by the brain. Because synthesis occurs during ischemia and reperfusion and because leukotrienes are potent vasoconstrictors and promoters of tissue edema, they may play a role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia.
Pulse oximetry (1998)

Articles| February 01 1998 Pulse oximetry MJ Grap MJ Grap Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Crit Care Nurse (1998) 18 (1): 94–99. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1998.18.1.94 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MJ Grap; Pulse oximetry. Crit Care Nurse 1 February 1998; 18 (1): 94–99. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1998.18.1.94 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCritical Care Nurse Search Advanced Search You do not currently have access to this content.
A New Type of Protective Surface Layer for High-Capacity Ni-Based Cathode Materials: Nanoscaled Surface Pillaring Layer (2013)

A solid solution series of lithium nickel metal oxides, Li[Ni(1-x)M(x)]O2 (with M = Co, Mn, and Al) have been investigated intensively to enhance the inherent structural instability of LiNiO2. However, when a voltage range of Ni-based cathode materials was increased up to >4.5 V, phase transitions occurring above 4.3 V resulted in accelerated formation of the trigonal phase (P3m1) and NiO phases, leading to and pulverization of the cathode during cycling at 60 °C. In an attempt to overcome these problems, LiNi0.62Co0.14Mn0.24O2 cathode material with pillar layers in which Ni(2+) ions were resided in Li slabs near the surface having a thickness of ∼10 nm was prepared using a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) functionalized Mn precursor coating on Ni0.7Co0.15Mn0.15(OH)2. We confirmed the formation of a pillar layer via various analysis methods (XPS, HRTEM, and STEM). This material showed excellent structural stability due to a pillar layer, corresponding to 85% capacity retention between 3.0 and 4.5 V at 60 °C after 100 cycles. In addition, the amount of heat generation was decreased by 40%, compared to LiNi0.70Co0.15Mn0.15O2.
Construction and In Vitro Properties of SIV mac Mutants with Deletions in "Nonessential" Genes (1994)

Auxiliary genes that are not essential for viral replication in cell culture are found in all known lentiviruses. The "nonessential" auxiliary genes of HIV-1 are vif, vpr, vpu, and nef. Sequences within the upstream region of U3 in the LTR are also not required for virus replication in cell culture. We constructed a panel of 23 mutants with single and combination deletions in these regions in the wild-type HIV-1 infectious molecular clone NL4-3. Deletion of the vpu, vpr, and nef genes and the U3 upstream sequence (US), individually or in combinations, did not appreciably alter virus replication in either chimpanzee PBMCs, human PBMCs, or in the B/T cell hybrid line CEMx174. In contrast, deletion of the vif gene dramatically delayed virus replication in all three cell types. This collection of HIV-1 deletion mutants will be useful for elucidating the functions of these genes and for investigating antiviral immunity in animal models.
Terminology for pregnancy loss prior to viability: a consensus statement from the ESHRE early pregnancy special interest group (2014)

Pregnancy loss prior to viability is common and research in the field is extensive. Unfortunately, terminology in the literature is inconsistent. The lack of consensus regarding nomenclature and classification of pregnancy loss prior to viability makes it difficult to compare study results from different centres. In our opinion, terminology and definitions should be based on clinical findings, and when possible, transvaginal ultrasound. With this Early Pregnancy Consensus Statement, it is our goal to provide clear and consistent terminology for pregnancy loss prior to viability.
Heterodiene Synthesis. I. Reaction of 5-Arylidenerhodanine Derivatives with 1-Morpholinocyclohexene Enamine (1989)

Abstract Cycloaddition of 5-arylidenerhodanine derivatives la-d as α, β unsaturated carbonyl system attached to a heterocyclic nucleus with enamine E as an electron rich dienophile lead to 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans 2a-d. The results differed depending on the nature of the substituent of the arylidene group. The introduction of an electron-withdrawing group in the p-position of arylidene moiety should increase the facility of the reaction.
Decreased Serum Thrombospondin-1 Levels in Pancreatic Cancer Patients Up to 24 Months Prior to Clinical Diagnosis: Association with Diabetes Mellitus (2015)

Circulating TSP-1 levels decrease up to 24 months prior to diagnosis of PDAC and significantly enhance the diagnostic performance of CA19-9. The influence of diabetes mellitus on biomarker behavior should be considered in future studies.
Regulation of arterial diameter and wall [Ca2+] in cerebral arteries of rat by membrane potential and intravascular pressure (1998)

1. The regulation of intracellular [Ca2+] in the smooth muscle cells in the wall of small pressurized cerebral arteries (100-200 micron) of rat was studied using simultaneous digital fluorescence video imaging of arterial diameter and wall [Ca2+], combined with microelectrode measurements of arterial membrane potential. 2. Elevation of intravascular pressure (from 10 to 100 mmHg) caused a membrane depolarization from -63 +/- 1 to -36 +/- 2 mV, increased arterial wall [Ca2+] from 119 +/- 10 to 245 +/- 9 nM, and constricted the arteries from 208 +/- 10 micron (fully dilated, Ca2+ free) to 116 +/- 7 micron or by 45 % ('myogenic tone'). 3. Pressure-induced increases in arterial wall [Ca2+] and vasoconstriction were blocked by inhibitors of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (diltiazem and nisoldipine) or to the same extent by removal of external Ca2+. 4. At a steady pressure (i.e. under isobaric conditions at 60 mmHg), the membrane potential was stable at -45 +/- 1 mV, intracellular [Ca2+] was 190 +/- 10 nM, and arteries were constricted by 41 % (to 115 +/- 7 micron from 196 +/- 8 micron fully dilated). Under this condition of -45 +/- 5 mV at 60 mmHg, the voltage sensitivity of wall [Ca2+] and diameter were 7.5 nM mV-1 and 7.5 micron mV-1, respectively, resulting in a Ca2+ sensitivity of diameter of 1 mum nM-1. 5. Membrane potential depolarization from -58 to -23 mV caused pressurized arteries (to 60 mmHg) to constrict over their entire working range, i.e. from maximally dilated to constricted. This depolarization was associated with an elevation of arterial wall [Ca2+] from 124 +/- 7 to 347 +/- 12 nM. These increases in arterial wall [Ca2+] and vasoconstriction were blocked by L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel inhibitors. 6. The relationship between arterial wall [Ca2+] and membrane potential was not significantly different under isobaric (60 mmHg) and non-isobaric conditions (10-100 mmHg), suggesting that intravascular pressure regulates arterial wall [Ca2+] through changes in membrane potential. 7. The results are consistent with the idea that intravascular pressure causes membrane potential depolarization, which opens voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, acting as 'voltage sensors', thus increasing Ca2+ entry and arterial wall [Ca2+], which leads to vasoconstriction.
Use of Buccal Cells Collected in Mouthwash as a Source of DNA for Clinical Testing (2001)

A clinically validated DNA purification chemistry was adapted to a noninvasive specimen collection method. This method used a commercially available mouthwash, Scope, to collect buccal epithelial cells for the preparation of high-quality DNA in high yield.
On representing edge structure for model matching (2005)

We show how a novel, non-linear representation of edge structure can be used to improve the performance of model matching algorithms and object verification/recognition tasks. Rather than represent the image structure using intensity values or gradients, we use a measure which indicates the orientation of structures at each pixel, together with an indication of how reliable the orientation estimate is. Orientations in flat, noisy regions tend to be penalised whereas those near strong edges are favoured. We demonstrate that this representation leads to more accurate and reliable matching between models and new images, and leads to better recognition/verification of faces in an access control task.
Latest developments in MCT for next generation of infrared staring arrays (2009)

This paper presents an overview of the very recent developments of the MCT infrared detector technology developed by CEA-LETI and Sofradir in France for next generation of applications. New applications require high sensitivity and dual band detectors. The Avalanche PhotoDiodes (APD) technology opens new interesting fields of investigation for low flux applications and fast detectors for laser imaging. IR sensors for this type of application are synchronized with eye-safe lasers, and have to detect a weak signal backscattered from the target on the order of 10 photons per pulse. They also have to be able to operate with a very short integration time, typically one hundred nanoseconds, in order to gate the backscattered signal around the target. In partnership with Sofradir, CEA/LETI (France) has developed high quality MCT avalanche photodiodes satisfying these requirements. In parallel, specific studies have been carried out at the Read-Out Circuit level to develop optimized architectures. Thanks to these advances, a new Integrated Dewar Detector Cooler Assembly has been developed. This new product presented in this paper is the first step in a road-map to address low flux infrared sensors in the next few years. In parallel, the development of dual-band infrared detectors has been the core of intense research and technological improvements for the last ten years. New TV (640 x 512 pixels) format detectors of 24&mu;m pixel pitch is available. It is proposed with MWIR/MWIR or MWIR/LWIR dual band sensitivity integrated in dedicated tactical Dewars. At present, focused on pixel pitch reduction, Sofradir is carrying out optimization of the materials quality, photodiode design as well as flip-chip bonding process. 20 &mu;m pixels have demonstrated dual color key performances (quantum efficiency, optical fill factor, and pixel operability) in accordance with mono-spectral structures. Results are presented in this paper.
Topics in in-how networking - Ubiquitous computing in home networks (2003)

In the past decade, there have been numerous efforts in ubiquitous. computing. For home networks, we believe that ubiquitous computing requires a global-scale system that is securable, administered by, multiple independent nonspecialist administrators, and integrates off-the-shelf hardware and software. In this system every home owner acts as an administrator of the network in the home. We are developing such a system based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), with Bluetooth devices for location sensing and the Service Location Protocol (SLP) for service discovery. We also introduce context-aware location information to augment device discovery bind user communication. The system builds on our CINEMA infrastructure.
Preparation of Nanofibrous Metal–Organic Framework Filters for Efficient Air Pollution Control (2016)

Environmental challenges especially air pollution (particulate matter (PM) and toxic gases) pose serious threats to public health globally. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials with high porosity, tunable pore size, and rich functionalities, holding the promise for poisonous pollutants capture. Here, nanocrystals of four unique MOF structures are processed into nanofibrous filters (noted as MOFilter) with high MOF loadings (up to 60 wt %). The MOFilters show high PM removal efficiencies up to 88.33 ± 1.52% and 89.67 ± 1.33% for PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, in the hazy environment, and the performance remains largely unchanged over 48 h of continuous filtration. For the first time, the interactions between such porous crystalline material and particulate pollutants were explored. These thin MOFilters can further selectively capture and retain SO2 when exposed to a stream of SO2/N2 mixture, and their hierarchical nanostructures can easily permeate fresh air at high gas flow rate with the pressure drop <20 Pa.
More than a bystander: the contributions of intrinsic skeletal muscle defects in motor neuron diseases (2013)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) are devastating diseases characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons. Although the molecular causes underlying these diseases differ, recent findings have highlighted the contribution of intrinsic skeletal muscle defects in motor neuron diseases. The use of cell culture and animal models has led to the important finding that muscle defects occur prior to and independently of motor neuron degeneration in motor neuron diseases. In SMA for instance, the muscle specific requirements of the SMA disease-causing gene have been demonstrated by a series of genetic rescue experiments in SMA models. Conditional ALS mouse models expressing a muscle specific mutant SOD1 gene develop atrophy and muscle degeneration in the absence of motor neuron pathology. Treating SBMA mice by over-expressing IGF-1 in a skeletal muscle-specific manner attenuates disease severity and improves motor neuron pathology. In the present review, we provide an in depth description of muscle intrinsic defects, and discuss how they impact muscle function in these diseases. Furthermore, we discuss muscle-specific therapeutic strategies used to treat animal models of SMA, ALS, and SBMA. The study of intrinsic skeletal muscle defects is crucial for the understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases and will open new therapeutic options for the treatment of motor neuron diseases.
Very low threshold current density room temperature continuous-wave lasing from a single-layer InAs quantum-dot laser (2000)

Continuous-wave (CW) lasing operation with a very low threshold current density (J/sub th/=32.5 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) has been achieved at room temperature by a ridge waveguide quantum-dot (QD) laser containing a single InAs QD layer embedded within a strained InGaAs quantum well (dot-in-well, or DWELL structure). Lasing proceeds via the QD ground state with an emission wavelength of 1.25 μm when the cavity length is longer than 4.2 mm. For a 5-mm long QD laser, CW lasing has been achieved at temperatures as high as 40/spl deg/C, with a characteristic temperature T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> of 41 K near room temperature. Lasers with a 20 μm stripe width have a differential slope efficiency of 32% and peak output power of >10 mW per facet (uncoated)."
Tissue Hyperplasia and Enhanced T-Cell Signalling via ZAP-70 in c-Cbl-Deficient Mice (1998)

The c-Cbl protein is tyrosine phosphorylated and forms complexes with a wide range of signalling partners in response to various growth factors. How c-Cbl interacts with proteins, such as Grb2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and phosphorylated receptors, is well understood, but its role in these complexes is unclear. Recently, the Caenorhabditis elegans Cbl homolog, Sli-1, was shown to act as a negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor signalling. This finding forced a reassessment of the role of Cbl proteins and highlighted the desirability of testing genetically whether c-Cbl acts as a negative regulator of mammalian signalling. Here we investigate the role of c-Cbl in development and homeostasis in mice by targeted disruption of the c-Cbl locus. c-Cbl-deficient mice were viable, fertile, and outwardly normal in appearance. Bone development and remodelling also appeared normal in c-Cbl mutants, despite a previously reported requirement for c-Cbl in osteoclast function. However, consistent with a high level of expression of c-Cbl in the hemopoietic compartment, c-Cbl-deficient mice displayed marked changes in their hemopoietic profiles, including altered T-cell receptor expression, lymphoid hyperplasia, and primary splenic extramedullary hemopoiesis. The mammary fat pads of mutant female mice also showed increased ductal density and branching compared to those of their wild-type littermates, indicating an unanticipated role for c-Cbl in regulating mammary growth. Collectively, the hyperplastic histological changes seen in c-Cbl mutant mice are indicative of a normal role for c-Cbl in negatively regulating signalling events that control cell growth. Consistent with this view, we observed greatly increased intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation in thymocytes following CD3epsilon cross-linking. In particular, phosphorylation of ZAP-70 kinase in thymocytes was uncoupled from a requirement for CD4-mediated Lck activation. This study provides the first biochemical characterization of any organism that is deficient in a member of this unique protein family. Our findings demonstrate critical roles for c-Cbl in hemopoiesis and in controlling cellular proliferation and signalling by the Syk/ZAP-70 family of protein kinases.
Communications and control for a home automation system (2002)

Describes the Consumer Electronic Bus (CEBus) network layers as they were specified by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA). The CEBus is a product of an effort by the EIA to standardize communication between the 'smart home' network modules. A description of the communication and the transfer of control between different layers is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>