gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constellation Design via Capacity Maximization (2007)

Traditional constellations are uniformally spaced. By giving up uniform spacing, constellations can be designed to have larger joint (i.e. overall) capacity or parallel decoding capacity. In this paper non-uniformally spaced (i.e. 'geometrically' shaped) constellations are designed to maximize either of these quantities. By way of numerical capacity computations we show that except in special cases, there are no universally optimal geometrically shaped constellations across all code rates, and that the optimization of a constellation has to target a specific code rate. Unlike joint capacity, optimizing for parallel decoding capacity is label dependent. For PAM and PSK constellations, we found the maximum parallel decoding capacity to be achieved using gray (not necessarily binary reflective gray) labels. However, for PAM constellations, not all gray labels can yield the highest parallel decoding capacity. Besides the conventional use of a ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">log2</i> (M) -1) / <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">log2</i> (M) code rate with an M-point constellation for bandwidth efficient communications, the optimized constellations could offer further non-trivial gains at lower code rates (unlike traditional constellations). An optimized constellation is used with a state-of-the-art LDPC code and simulation results are presented. This paper also draws a distinction between probabilistic shaping and geometric shaping and in fact proves under broad conditions, that any gain in capacity which can be found via probabilistic shaping can also be achieved or exceeded solely through geometric shaping.
Low power CMOS-driven 1060 nm multimode optical link (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. B. Héroux, T. Kise, M. Funabashi, T. Aoki, C. Schow, A. V. Rylyakov, and S. Nakagawa, "Low power CMOS-driven 1060 nm multimode optical link," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper Th3C.6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Suppressive effects of recombinant human monokine induced by IFN-gamma (rHuMig) chemokine on the number of committed and primitive hemopoietic progenitors in liquid cultures of CD34+ human bone marrow cells (1997)

Studies in this report investigated potential hemopoietic suppressive effects of human monokine induced by IFN-gamma (HuMig), a CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for activated lymphocytes. rHuMig was purified from Trichoplusia ni cells after infection with a recombinant baculovirus. The recombinant protein was added to liquid cultures of CD34+ human marrow cells stimulated with IL-3 alone or with both IL-3 and either insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) or stem cell growth factor (SCF). The number of committed progenitors, colony-forming units for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM), and primitive progenitors, long term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) derived from liquid cultures of CD34+ cells, was determined. rHuMig abrogated the IGF-II-dependent enhancement of CFU-GM and long term culture-initiating cell numbers. Additional studies demonstrated that in liquid cultures of CD34+ cells both rHuMig and IFN-inducible protein-10, another CXC chemokine that is related to HuMig, inhibited the production or expansion of CFU-GM. For a subset of marrows, rHuMig also abrogated SCF enhancement of CFU-GM numbers in cultures of CD34+ cells stimulated with both IL-3 and SCF. These studies are the first to demonstrate that rHuMig can act as a negative regulator of in vitro hemopoiesis, that both rHuMig and IP-10 can suppress an increase in the number of committed progenitors from CD34+ cells, and that chemokines can abrogate hemopoietic stimulatory effects of IGF-II.
Interactions between Ibrutinib and Anti-CD20 Antibodies: Competing Effects on the Outcome of Combination Therapy (2015)

Our data indicate that ibrutinib promotes both positive and negative interactions with anti-CD20 mAbs, suggesting that successfully harnessing maximal antitumor effects of such combinations requires further investigation.
Purification and Characterization of a Catalytic Domain of Rat Intestinal Phospholipase B/Lipase Associated with Brush Border Membranes (1998)

A brush border membrane-associated phospholipase B/lipase was solubilized from the distal two-thirds of rat small intestine by autolysis during storage at -35 degrees C over 1 month, and then the enzyme was purified to homogeneity and characterized enzymatically and structurally. The purified enzyme exhibited broad substrate specificity including esterase, phospholipase A2, lysophospholipase, and lipase activities. SDS-gel electrophoretic and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic analyses demonstrated that a single enzyme catalyzes these activities. It preferred hydrolysis at the sn-2 position of diacylphospholipid and diacylglycerol without strict stereoselectivity, whereas it apparently exhibited no positional specificity toward triacylglycerol. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate, an irreversible inhibitor of serine esterases and lipases inhibited purified enzyme. When the position of enzyme on SDS-gel electrophoresis under the non-reducing conditions was determined by assaying the activity eluted from sliced gels, brush border membrane-associated enzyme corresponded to a approximately 150-kDa protein; autolysis gave a 35-kDa product, in agreement with the results of immunoblot analysis. The purified 35-kDa enzyme consisted of a 14-kDa peptide and a glycosylated 21-kDa peptide. Their NH2-terminal amino acid sequences were determined and found in the second repeat of 161-kDa phospholipase B/lipase with 4-fold tandem repeats of approximately 38 kDa each, which we cloned and sequenced in the accompanying paper (Takemori, H., Zolotaryov, F., Ting, L., Urbain, T., Komatsubara, T., Hatano, O., Okamoto, M., and Tojo, H. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 2222-2231). These results indicate that the purified enzyme is the catalytic domain derived from the second repeat of brush border membrane-associated phospholipase B/lipase.
Efficient Implementation of Tate Pairing on a Mobile Phone using Java (2006)

Pairing-based cryptosystems (PBC) have been attracted by researchers in cryptography. Some implementations show that PBC are relatively slower than the standard public key crypto systems. We present an efficient implementation for computing Tate pairing on a mobile phone using Java. We implemented the n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> pairing (a recent efficient variation of Duursma-Lee algorithm) over some finite fields of characteristic 3 with extension degree m = {97,167,193, 239}. Our optimized implementation for m = 97 achieved about 0.5 seconds for computing Tate pairing over FOMA SH90US, NTT DoCoMo. Then our implementation of Tate pairing is compared in the same platform with other Java program of the standard cryptosystems, i.e., RSA cryptosystem and elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC). The computation speed of Tate pairing is comparable to that of RSA or ECC on the same mobile device
Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of Unsaturated Terminal Epoxides and Chlorohydrins (2007)

Lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (LTMP)-induced intramolecular cyclopropanation of unsaturated terminal epoxides provides an efficient and completely stereoselective entry to bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-ols and bicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-ols. Further elaboration of C-5 and C-6 stannyl-substituted bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-ols via Sn-Li exchange/electrophile trapping or Stille coupling generates a range of substituted bicyclic cyclopropanes. An alternative straightforward cyclopropanation protocol using a catalytic amount of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TMP) allows for a convenient (1 g-7.5 kg) synthesis of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-ol and other bicyclic adducts. The synthetic utility of this chemistry has been demonstrated in a concise asymmetric synthesis of (+)-beta-cuparenone. The related unsaturated chlorohydrins also undergo intramolecular cyclopropanation via in situ epoxide formation.
Evaluation of the effects of intravascular MR contrast media (gadolinium dendrimer) on 3D time of flight magnetic resonance angiography of the body (1996)

The aims of this preliminary study were to establish the efficacy and minimum effective dose of TG(5)(FdDO3A)(52) gadolinium dendrimer for contrast-enhanced, three-dimensional (3D) time of flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the body. In a dose ranging study in eight rabbits (Group A), each of two animals received 0.03; 0.02; 0.01; or 0.005 mmol/kg of the agent for 3D-TOF MRA of the pelvic circulation in the axial and coronal planes. An additional nine animals (Group B) received a dose of 0.02 mmol/kg for 3D-TOF MRA of the mediastinum, abdomen or of the lower limbs. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the images from Group A demonstrated a dose-related reduction in saturation effects and improved visualization of vascular structures, with maximal augmentation of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at 0.03 mmol/kg. The dose of 0.02 mmol/kg was found to be the minimal effective dose at the three vascular regions.
Liquid sample introduction for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid sample introduction for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionizationKermit K. Murray and David H. RussellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 18, 2534–2537Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00066a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (426 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Free-space reconfigurable quantum key distribution network (2015)

We propose a free-space reconfigurable quantum key distribution (QKD) network to secure communication among mobile users. Depends on the trustworthiness of the network relay, the users can implement either the highly secure measurement-device-independent QKD, or the highly efficient decoy state BB84 QKD. Based on the same quantum infrastructure, we also propose a loss tolerant quantum position verification scheme, which could allow the QKD users to initiate the QKD process without relying on pre-shared key.
芬兰：少年罪犯的刑事审判与社会审判（摘要） (1990)

（续上期） 如果把讨论仅仅建立在刑罚模式和治疗模式的基础上，那也许是过于简单化了。在约翰·高尔顿的思想基础上建立起来的一种卓越想法，可能更令人感兴趣。高尔顿在分析人类权利的发展时发现，权利的发展总是显得与社会经济的发展相一致。他写道：若用蓝色、红色、绿色来说明这一发展过程，那么,在“蓝色”阶段的法律具有一种消极的仲裁人的作用，只有在要求解决一个争端时，它才干预公民生活。
A 17-Mer self-peptide of acetylcholine receptor binds to B cell MHC class II, activates helper T cells, and stimulates autoantibody production and electrophysiologic signs of myasthenia gravis (1997)

We have identified in an extracellular segment of the alpha1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) of homologous muscle a 17-residue autoantigen that, without conjugation to a carrier, activates Th lymphocytes and induces production of autoantibodies that cause electrophysiologic signs of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. A panel of overlapping synthetic peptides revealed two T cell epitopes, one encompassed by residues 121-136 and the other by 129-145. Residues 129 (glutamic acid) and 130 (isoleucine) were implicated in a pathogenic B cell epitope. Peptide 129-145 (Glu-Ile-Ile-Val-Thr-His-Phe-Pro-Phe-Asp-Glu-Gln-Asn-Cys-Ser-Met-Lys, a conserved sequence in rat and human AChR) induced autoantibody production in 76% of rats. All seropositive rats had evidence of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis; five of five tested had electrophysiologic signs, and all had loss of immunochemically measured autologous muscle AChR. Analogues of 129-145, with single residues substituted by alanine, revealed phenylalanine 135, phenylalanine 137, and glutamic acid 139 as most important determinants of Ag/MHC-II/TCR interactions; phenylalanine 137 is critical for T cell activation. B cells were the major MHC-II-positive cell type to which the self-peptide 129-145 bound in a population of nonimmune splenic cells. More efficient processing and presentation of the Th cell epitope by an expanded population of immune B cells selected by specifically binding another epitope of the same peptide would greatly amplify the production of autoantibodies. Peptide autoantigens of this type could plausibly perpetuate the autoantibody response in myasthenia gravis, and are a rational target for strategies aimed at Ag-specific therapeutic intervention.
Excavation of a buried treasure--DNA, mRNA, miRNA and protein analysis in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues. (2011)

Fresh or frozen tissue samples will always be the best tissue source for the analysis of nucleic acids and proteins from tissues. However, their long-term storage is expensive and laborious. Much interest has therefore been focused on the question whether the almost infinite resources of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue samples in the archives of pathology and histology departments can be used for research on biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of disease. In recent years the methods and protocols for the extraction of DNA, mRNA, miRNA and proteins from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples have improved enormously. Especially, the possibilities of analysing DNA and miRNA in FFPE have reached a level that allows their application as a first line approach in the search for biomarkers. In contrast, many questions remain in terms of quantification of mRNA and protein expression levels in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples. This review gives an overview on current potentials and limitations of the quantification of DNA, miRNA, mRNA and the proteome in FFPE tissue samples. The chemical events during formalin fixation and paraffin embedding and alternatives to formalin fixation are described. In addition, methods and general problems of DNA, miRNA, mRNA and protein extraction and the current knowledge on the feasibility and accuracy of quantitative gene expression analysis in FFPE tissues is summarized.
The Face of Migraine; Thermal Imaging Revisited (P06.154) (2013)

OBJECTIVE: We aim to find if there are significant differences in migraine patient's facial thermophysiological responses between their asymptomatic period and their migraine headache attacks.
Acute Rupture of an Aortic False Aneurysm Treated With a Stent-Graft (1999)

Endovascular grafting can be used successfully for the urgent treatment of aortic false aneurysm rupture.
Effect of very high-dose thymidine infusions on leukemia and lymphoma patients. (1984)

The physiological pyrimidine nucleoside thymidine (dThd) is cytotoxic to normal and neoplastic cells in culture that are exposed to concentrations in excess of 1 mM for prolonged periods. In order to explore the antileukemic potential of the compound, we have treated six patients with relapsed leukemia or lymphoma with marrow and blood involvement, by prolonged infusions of dThd, at dosages of 90 to 240 g/sq m/day for 14 to 29 days. Mean plasma dThd concentration ranged from 3.8 to 5.5 mM. Cerebrospinal fluid levels were measured on three occasions and ranged from 2 to 23.5% of simultaneous plasma levels. Diarrhea was dose limiting in one patient. The other side effects included nausea and vomiting in all patients, hepatotoxicity in two patients, electrolyte imbalance in one, progression of a pericardial effusion to tamponade in one, and mild central nervous system toxicity in five. In all cases, this therapy produced bone marrow aplasia. One patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, refractory to prior treatment, achieved a complete remission which lasted for 16 weeks. Another patient with lymphoblastic lymphoma had a greater than 50% reduction in his mediastinal mass which lasted for less than 1 month. At multiple points during therapy, the bone marrow S-phase fraction was measured by flow cytometry and autoradiography. In five patients, the proportion of cells in S phase increased during the first few days of the infusion but then returned to base line, concomitant with an overall reduction in the number of bone marrow blasts. Cytoreduction was evaluated by the technique of W. Hiddemann, B. D. Clarkson, T. Buchener, M. R. Melamed, and M. Andreeff (Blood, 59: 216-225, 1982). The magnitude of tumor cell kill ranged from 0.7 to 3.6 logs of blasts/cu mm of bone marrow. The data demonstrate that dThd is able to induce a complete remission in a patient with acute leukemia previously refractory to treatment. However, because of the very large drug quantities, fluid volumes, and the prolonged course required to produce the necessary tumor cell kill, this treatment approach is too impractical to be used extensively.
Pleiotropic effects of the mouse lethal yellow (A y) mutation explained by deletion of a maternally expressed gene and the simultaneous production of agouti fusion RNAs (1994)

Heterozygosity for the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation leads to obesity, increased tumor susceptibility and increased activity of the agouti coat color gene; homozygosity for Ay results in embryonic death around the time of implantation. Although these pleiotropic effects have not been separated by recombination, previous studies have suggested that the dominant and recessive effects result from distinct genetic lesions. Here we use a combination of genomic and cDNA cloning experiments to demonstrate that the Ay mutation is caused by a 120 kb deletion which lies centromere-proximal to the agouti coat color gene. The deletion removes coding but not 5' untranslated sequences for a ubiquitously expressed gene predicted to encode a protein similar in sequence to an RNA-binding protein, which we named Merc, for maternally expressed hnRNP C-related gene, but have renamed Raly, since the gene is nearly identical to one reported recently by Michaud et al. (Gene Dev. 7, 1203-1213, 1993). The Ay deletion results in the splicing of Merc/Raly 5' untranslated sequences to agouti protein-coding sequences, which suggests that ectopic expression of the normal agouti protein by the Ay fusion RNA is responsible for the pleiotropic effects associated with heterozygosity for Ay. We find that Merc/Raly RNA is present in the unfertilized egg and is also transcribed in preimplantation embryos. Using a PCR-based assay to determine the genotype of individual embryos from an Ay/a x Ay/a intercross, we show that, in the absence of zygotic Merc/Raly expression, Ay/Ay embryos develop to the blastocyst stage, but do not hatch from the zona pellucida or form trophoblastic outgrowths. Injection of a Merc/Raly antisense oligonucleotide into non-mutant embryos blocks development prior to the blastocyst stage, and can be rescued by coinjection of a Merc/Raly transgene. These results suggest that maternal expression of Merc/Raly plays an important role in preimplantation development and that its deletion of is sufficient to explain Ay-associated embryonic lethality.
A 0.3-μm CMOS 8-Gb/s 4-PAM serial link transceiver (2003)

An 8-Gb/s 0.3-/spl mu/m CMOS transceiver uses multilevel signaling (4-PAM) and transmit pre-shaping in combination with receive equalization to reduce ISI due to channel low-pass effects. High on-chip frequencies are avoided by multiplexing and demultiplexing the data directly at the pads. Timing recovery takes advantage of a novel frequency acquisition scheme and a linear PLL with a loop bandwidth >30 MHz, phase margin >48/spl deg/ and capture range of 20 MHz without a frequency acquisition aid. The transmitted 8-Gbps data is successfully detected by the receiver after a 10-m coaxial cable. The 2 mm/spl times/2 mm chip consumes 1.1 W at 8 Gbps with a 3-V supply.
Multiuser Detection in CDMA—A Comparison of Relaxations, Exact, and Heuristic Search Methods (2004)

In this paper, we compare several optimization methods for solving the optimal multiuser detection problem exactly or approximately. The purpose of using these algorithms is to provide complexity constraint alternatives to solving this nondeterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard problem. An approximate solution is found either by relaxation or by heuristic search methods, while the branch and bound algorithm is used to provide an exact solution. Simulations show that these approaches can have bit-error rate (BER) performance which is indistinguishable from the maximum likelihood performance. A tabu search method is shown to be an effective (in terms of BER performance) and efficient (in terms of computational complexity) heuristic when compared to other heuristics like local search and iterative local search algorithms. When the number of users increases, the tabu search method is more effective and efficient than the semidefinite relaxation approach.
Evaluation of cefoxitin disk diffusion breakpoint for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs (2012)

Cefoxitin disk diffusion susceptibility testing is a recommended screening method for the detection of methicillin resistance in human isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. A retrospective analysis of 1,146 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from dogs was conducted to determine if screening by the cefoxitin disk method can be similarly useful with S. pseudintermedius. The distribution of cefoxitin growth inhibition zone diameters within this collection was bimodal and correlated well with the results of methicillin resistance gene (mecA) detection by polymerase chain reaction. Of the isolates, 5% had discordant results and, when retested, 84% of these were in agreement. While a greater diversity of isolates and interlaboratory comparisons must be tested, the current study suggests that an epidemiological breakpoint (of approximately ≤ 30 mm = resistant; ≥ 31 = susceptible) can be established to predict methicillin resistance in S. pseudintermedius.
Highly Reducible CeO2 Nanotubes (2007)

Ceria nanotubes with extended cavities can be obtained by a facile oxidation−coordination-assisted dissolution process of the partially oxidized one-dimensional Ce(OH)3. Moreover, the ceria nanotubes with large cavities and thin walls exhibit excellent reducibility and high oxygen storage capacity, indicating they are potential novel catalytic materials.