gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bleeding complications in secondary stroke prevention by antiplatelet therapy: a benefit–risk analysis (1999)

This review analyses the benefit-risk ratio of antiplatelet drugs in secondary stroke prevention and is based on the published data from eight large stroke prevention trials. In patients with prior transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke, aspirin prevented one to two vascular events (stroke, AMI, or vascular death) per 100 treatment-years with an excess risk of fatal and severe bleeds of 0. 4-0.6 per 100 treatment-years. The gastrointestinal bleeding risk was significantly lower with ticlopidine and clopidogrel, which were both somewhat more effective than aspirin in the prevention of vascular events. The combination of dipyridamole and aspirin prevented 2.82 strokes at the expense of an excess risk of 0.61 (95% CI = 0.27-0.95) fatal or severe bleeds per 100 treatment-years. In the acute phase of stroke, the aspirin-associated risk of haemorrhagic complications was much increased compared with that in the stable phase after stroke, with 0.48 (95% CI = 0.13-0.83) fatal or severe bleeds per 100 treated patients for the first 4 weeks after stroke in the Chinese Acute Stroke Trial and 0.41 (95% CI = 0. 05-0.77) in the International Stroke Trial. Still, there was a net benefit with the prevention of about one death or non-fatal ischaemic stroke per 100 treated patients.
Nerve Growth Factor Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer (2008)

We show here that nerve growth factor (NGF), the prototypic neurotrophin, can be targeted in breast cancer to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. Analysis of a series of biopsies revealed widespread expression of NGF in the majority of human breast tumors, with anti-NGF immunoreactivity concentrated in the epithelial cancer cells. Moreover, immunodeficient mice xenografted with human breast cancer cells and treated with either anti-NGF antibodies or small interfering RNA against NGF displayed inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. Such treatments directed against NGF induced a decrease in cell proliferation with a concomitant increase in apoptosis of breast cancer cells and an inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Together, these data indicate that targeting NGF in breast cancer may have therapeutic ramifications.
Enabling Ligand Screening for Palladium‐Catalysed Enantioselective Aza‐Michael Addition Reactions (2006)

Abstract The bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)palladium(II) dihydrate complex, Pd(OTf) 2 ⋅2 H 2 O ( 1 ), is an active palladium(II) precursor for the generation of dicationic palladium(II) catalysts. Parallel ligand screening is enabled for the first time, and twenty‐four chiral ligands were evaluated for the asymmetric aza‐Michael addition of aromatic amines to α,β‐unsaturated N ‐alkenoylimides and carbamates. Enantioselectivities of &gt;99% can be obtained. Catalytic precursors generated from 1 using the new protocol have been identified.
Thermal Stability Enhancement of Nickel Monosilicides by Addition of Pt and Ir (2006)

We fabricated thermally evaporated 10 nm-Ni/(poly)Si, 10 nm-Ni/l nm-Ir/(poly)Si and 10 nm-Ni/l nm-Pt/(poly)Si films to investigate the thermal stability of nickel monosilicides at the elevated temperatures by rapid annealing them at the temperatures of for 40 seconds. Silicides of 50 nm-thick were formed on top of both the single crystal silicon actives and the polycrystalline silicon gates. A four-point tester was used to examine sheet resistance. A scanning electron microscope and field ion beam were employed for thickness and microstructure evolution characterization. An X-ray diffractometer and an Auger depth profiler were used for phase and composition analysis, respectively. Nickel silicides with platinum have no effect on widening the NiSi stabilization temperature region. Nickel silicides with iridium farmed on single crystal silicon showed a low resistance up to while the ones formed on polycrystalline silicon substrate showed low resistance up to . The grain boundary diffusion and agglomeration of silicides lowered the NiSi stable temperature with polycrystalline silicon substrates. Our result implies that our newly proposed Ir added NiSi process may widen the thermal process window for nano CMOS process.
Diminished Benefits of Drug-Eluting Stents versus Bare Metal Stents in Patients with Severe Renal Insufficiency (2009)

While DES showed improved clinical outcomes in patients with normal and mildly impaired renal function, they showed no benefit over BMS in patients with moderate to severe renal insufficiency. Coupled with the possibly increased risk of late stent thrombosis with DES, BMS may be a more appropriate and safer stent in this population.
Recombination of Physical Unclonable Functions (2010)

Abstract: A new Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) construction is described, by treating silicon unique features extracted from PUF circuits as “genetic material” unique to each silicon, and recombining this chip-unique material in a way to obtain a combination of advantages not possible with the original PUF circuits, including altering PUF output statistics to better suit PUF-based key generation and authentication.
The effect of hydrate content on seismic attenuation: A case study for Mallik 2L‐38 well data, Mackenzie delta, Canada (2004)

Observations of velocities in sediments containing gas hydrates show that the strength of sediments increases with hydrate saturation. Hence it is expected that the attenuation of these sediments will decrease with increasing hydrate saturation. However, sonic log measurements in the Mallik 2L‐38 well and cross hole tomography measurements in the Mallik field have shown that attenuation increases with hydrate saturation. We studied a range of mechanisms by which increasing hydrate saturation could cause increased attenuation. We found that a difference in permeability between the host sediment and the newly formed hydrate can produce the observed effect. We modelled attenuation in terms of Biot and squirt flow mechanisms in composite media. We have used our model to predict observed attenuations in the Mallik 2L‐38 well, Mackenzie Delta, Canada.
Identification of Amino Acids in the CD11a I-domain Important for Binding of the Leukocyte Function-associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1) to Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (1995)

Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is a cell surface adhesion receptor for intercellular adhesion molecule-1, -2, and -3 (ICAM-1, -2, -3). Using human/murine chimeras of the I-domain of the LFA-1 alpha subunit (CD11a), we recently identified the epitopes recognized by eight monoclonal antibodies against CD11a that inhibit LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1. In this report, we determined that replacement of the entire human I-domain with the entire murine I-domain in CD11a completely abrogated LFA-1 binding to human ICAM-1 without affecting the gross conformation or heterodimer formation of LFA-1, as assayed by antibody binding. In order to assess which residues of the I-domain are responsible for binding to ICAM-1, we tested the ability of a panel of human/murine I-domain chimeras to bind to human ICAM-1. When complexed with CD18, all CD11a chimeras bound ICAM-1 at levels comparable to wild-type CD11a/CD18, indicating that the residues in these chimeras which differ in human and murine I-domains may not play a critical role in LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1. A series of point mutations of residues that are conserved between murine and human CD11a I-domains, as well as between CD11b and CD11c, were also generated. Substitution of alanine for proline at position 192 in the human CD11a I-domain abrogated adhesion of LFA-1 to ICAM-1. Antibody binding data suggested that this was due to conformational changes within the I-domain. Mutation of the aspartic acids at positions 137 and 239 to either alanine or lysine completely destroyed ICAM-1 binding. The conformation of LFA-1 alanine mutants was not significantly altered. This suggests that these aspartic acids are required for binding of human LFA-1 to human ICAM-1.
Following Vegetative to Embryonic Cellular Changes in Leaves of Arabidopsis Overexpressing LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (2013)

Embryogenesis in flowering plants is controlled by a complex interplay of genetic, biochemical, and physiological regulators. LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) is among a small number of key transcriptional regulators that are known to play important roles in controlling major events during the maturation stage of embryogenesis, notably, the synthesis and accumulation of storage reserves. LEC2 overexpression causes vegetative tissues to change their developmental fate to an embryonic state; however, little information exists about the cellular changes that take place. We show that LEC2 alters leaf morphology and anatomy and causes embryogenic structures to form subcellularly in leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Chloroplasts accumulate more starch, the cytoplasm fills with oil bodies, and lytic vacuoles (LVs) appear smaller in size and accumulate protein deposits. Because LEC2 is responsible for activating the synthesis of seed storage proteins (SSPs) during seed development, SSP accumulation was investigated in leaves. The major Arabidopsis SSP families were shown to accumulate within small leaf vacuoles. By exploiting the developmental and tissue-specific localization of two tonoplast intrinsic protein isoforms, the small leaf vacuoles were identified as protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Confocal analyses of leaf vacuoles expressing fluorescently labeled tonoplast intrinsic protein isoforms reveal an altered tonoplast morphology resembling an amalgamation of a LV and PSV. Results suggest that as the LV transitions to a PSV, the tonoplast remodels before the large vacuole lumen is replaced by smaller PSVs. Finally, using vegetative and seed markers to monitor the transition, we show that LEC2 induces a reprogramming of leaf development.
Research for city practice (2020)

CITY KNOW-HOW: Worrying trends in terms of human health and planetary health are receiving increasing global concern. City leadership, planning and development all place the constraints on urban behaviours and lifestyles, usually accelerating the problems. It is imperative that human health and environmental impacts become core foci in urban policies around the world. Changing our trajectory will require concerted action. Cities & Health aims to be part of that change; it is dedicated to supporting the flow of knowledge, in all directions, to help make this happen. We support better communication between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, communities, and decision-makers in cities. This is the primary purpose of this City Know-how section of the journal. ‘Research for city practice’ disseminates lessons research, allowing researchers to explain new knowledge and key messages arising from their studies for city leaders, communities, and the professions involved in city policy and practice. ‘City shorts’ provide glimpses of what is being attempted or achieved ‘on the ground’ and ’case studies’ are where you will find evaluations of interventions. Lastly, ‘Commentary and debate’ extends the conversations we are having to develop and mobilise important and innovative thinking. We invite you to join these conversations. In order to strengthen communities of interest, we would like to include many and varied voices, including those from practitioners, politicians and policy-makers and researchers who are supporting health and health equity in everyday urban lives. Whether you are a just starting out on your journey, or an old hand, we would love to hear from you!
α-Fluorinated Ethers. I. Aryl Fluoroalkyl Ethers1 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTα-Fluorinated Ethers. I. Aryl Fluoroalkyl Ethers1William A. SheppardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 1, 1–11Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01024a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01024a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1911Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of seed storage protein genes of oats. (1990)

We have isolated genomic clones encoding the two major classes of seed storage proteins in oats, the 12 S globulins and the avenins. The globulin genes encode glutamine-rich, sulfur-poor storage proteins that are highly conserved in sequence and structure. The globulin genes contain three short introns whose positions in the coding sequence are the same as in storage globulin genes in legumes and other dicots. The avenin genomic clone contains four tightly linked genes that belong to both of the two avenin gene subfamilies. The avenin genes encode glutamine-rich, lysine-poor proteins that vary in length due to differences in the number of peptide repeats. Although globulin and avenin genes are expressed coordinately during oat seed development, their promoter regions do not contain any conserved sequence elements that might determine developmental timing. Previous studies showed that there are roughly equal amounts of globulin and avenin mRNAs in developing oat seed, despite there being much more globulin than avenin in mature seed. Storage protein synthesis in oats must therefore be controlled partially by post-transcriptional mechanisms. Sequence analysis of globulin and avenin genes has provided several clues as to why globulin mRNAs may be translated more efficiently than avenin mRNAs.
Technical Preparation Position Paper (1994)

The National Consortium on Health Science and Technology Education (NCHSTE) is comprised of representatives from the various segments of education, the health care industry, and several publishing companies. Representatives of these divergent constituencies are deeply concerned with education legislation that influences the preparation of future health care workers. Therefore, the organization supports the continuum of Technical Preparation as moved forward by the Carl Perkins legislation. Results are documented of a survey which attempted to identify existing Tech Prep programs’ level of participation, grade levels involved, measures of success, admission procedures, Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA) involvement, and student acceptance into specific health care programs.
A pilot study of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia. (2000)

We conducted a prospective pilot phase I/II clinical trial to evaluate the toxicity and response rate of the chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab (Rituxan; Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, and IDEC Pharmaceutical Corporation, San Diego, CA), in the treatment of patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who had failed corticosteroid therapy and whose platelet count was less than 75,000/microL were eligible for the study. Rituximab was administered in a dose-escalation fashion using doses ranging from 50 to 375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks. Thirteen patients have been enrolled on the trial to date and 12 have completed the full course of treatment. No unusual toxicity was noted in this patient population. None of the three patients at the lowest dose level achieved a clinical response. Three of nine patients (30%) who have received rituximab at doses close or equal to the full dose have shown an objective clinical response (two complete responses, one partial response). The study is currently ongoing, and conclusions regarding the overall response rate, clinical parameters that influence response, surrogate markers of response, and the underlying mechanism of response remain to be addressed. The current study should provide answers to a number of important questions regarding the role of rituximab in the treatment of this and other autoimmune disorders.
Plant Cell Protoplasts-Isolation and Development (1972)

INTRODUCTION. • . • . • • • • . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . • • . • . • • • . . . . . . . . . • . . 29 IsOLATION OF PLANT CELL PROTOPLASTS..... . . . .. .. . 30 Mechanical methods for the isolation of protoplasts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Enzymatic methods for the isolation of protoplasts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 31 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF IsOLATED PROTOPLASTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . ' 38 Cell wall regeneration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Development and possible genetic modification of isolated protoplasts and plants. . . 44
Identification of c-Src as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Gastric Cancer and of MET Activation as a Cause of Resistance to c-Src Inhibition (2010)

Therapeutic strategies that target c-Src hold promise for a wide variety of cancers. We have now investigated both the effects of dasatinib, which inhibits the activity of c-Src and several other kinases, on cell growth as well as the mechanism of dasatinib resistance in human gastric cancer cell lines. Immunoblot analysis revealed the activation of c-Src at various levels in most gastric cancer cell lines examined. Dasatinib inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and induced G(1) arrest, as revealed by flow cytometry, in a subset of responsive cell lines. In other responsive cell lines, dasatinib inhibited both ERK and AKT phosphorylation and induced apoptosis, as revealed by an increase in caspase-3 activity and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Depletion of c-Src by RNA interference also induced G(1) arrest or apoptosis in dasatinib-responsive cell lines, indicating that the antiproliferative effect of dasatinib is attributable to c-Src inhibition. Gastric cancer cell lines positive for the activation of MET were resistant to dasatinib. Dasatinib had no effect on ERK or AKT signaling, whereas the MET inhibitor PHA-665752 induced apoptosis in these cells. The subsets of gastric cancer cells defined by a response to c-Src or MET inhibitors were distinct and nonoverlapping. Our results suggest that c-Src is a promising target for the treatment of gastric cancer and that analysis of MET amplification might optimize patient selection for treatment with c-Src inhibitors.
Measurement of Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography (1996)

Abstract Amylose content has been measured by iso‐amylase digestion of starch followed by quantitation of the amounts of the higher molecular weight chains (from amylose) and the lower molecular weight chains (from amylopectin). The separatrion and quantitation has been performed by size‐exclusion high performance liquid chromatography on hydrophilic columns. Three columns were tested and an Ultrahydrogel 250 was found to provide the optimum separation. Starches of up to 30‐35 per cent amylose may be analysed in this way without the need for first removing the lipids. With starch of higher amylose content, precipitation of the amylose in the sample may occur while it is awaiting HPLC analysis. This precipitation can be prevented in starches of up to 40 per cent amylose by the use of dimethyl sulfoxide in the reaction mixture. Samples with amylose content higher than this always show some precipitation and the amylose contents obtained are similar for all starches with amylose in the range from 40 to 80 per cent, measured by iodine determination. The method gives results which are more repeatable than those obtained by spectrophotometric determination of iodine binding, and which appear to be unaffected by the lipid content of the starch.
Peptide nucleic acids (PNA). Oligonucleotide analogs with an achiral peptide backbone (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeptide nucleic acids (PNA). Oligonucleotide analogs with an achiral peptide backboneMichael Egholm, Ole Buchardt, Peter E. Nielsen, and Rolf H. BergCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5, 1895–1897Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00031a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00031a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3282Altmetric-Citations629LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts