gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in tonsillar cancer: Clinical correlates, risk of relapse, and survival (2000)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is more commonly found in tonsillar cancer than in other head and neck cancers. The importance of HPV status in tonsillar cancer for prognosis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of HPV in tonsillar cancer and to correlate the presence of HPV with tumor stage, nodal status, grade of differentiation, risk of relapse, and survival. HPV DNA and HPV type were determined, using PCR, in pre-treatment biopsies from 60 cases of primary tonsillar cancer. All patients had undergone full-dose radiotherapy, 45% as the only treatment modality, and 55% in combination with surgery. HPV 16 was detected in 43% (26/60) of the cancers including 1 double infection of both HPV 16 and HPV 33. Patients with HPV+ tonsillar cancer showed less risk of relapse within 3 years after diagnosis, with a better odds ratio of 4.18 as compared with HPV− patients (p = 0.025). Furthermore, cause specific survival was significantly (p = 0.047) better in patients with HPV+ tonsillar carcinomas. At 3 years after diagnosis the survival rate was 65.3% in the HPV+ group and 31.5% in the HPV− group, and at 5 years the survival rate was 53.5% and 31.5%, respectively. The better outcome for patients with HPV+ tonsillar cancer was independent of TNM stage, nodal status, gender and age. These results indicate that HPV status is a significantly favorable prognostic factor in tonsillar cancer and may be used as a marker in order to optimize the treatment of patients with this type of cancer. Int. J. Cancer 89:300–304, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Real time eye movement identification protocol (2010)

This paper introduces a Real Time Eye Movement Identification (REMI) protocol designed to address challenges related to the implementation of the eye-gaze guided computer interfaces. The REMI protocol provides the framework for 1) eye position data processing such as noise removal, smoothing, prediction and handling of invalid positional samples 2) real time eye movement identification into the basic eye movement types 3) mapping of the classified eye movement data to interface actions such as object selection.
Computer modeling of a micro-manufactured one-turn inductor (2006)

The results of a finite element computer modelling analysis of a micro-manufactured one-turn magnetic inductor using the software package ANSYS 10.0 are presented. The inductor is designed for a DC-DC converter used in microelectronic devices. It consists of a copper conductor with a rectangular cross-section plated with an insulation layer and a layer of magnetic core. The analysis has focused on the effects of the frequency and the air gaps on the on the inductance values and the Joule losses in the core and conductor. It has been found that an inductor with small multiple air gaps has lower losses than an inductor with a single larger gap
Latin America and the Caribbean - OECS Education Development Project : St. Kitts and Nevis environmental assessment (2001)

This environmental impact assessment (EIA) addresses the biophysical, and socioeconomic impacts resulting from the project implementation, and, it includes reviews of existing site data, and present resource uses, identifying as well environmental features, or ecosystems requiring attention, and/or protection. The site for school construction is presently occupied by two large farming plots, and the Ministry of Agriculture have agreed to relocate farmers to appropriate sites, of equally accessible, and comparable plots, based on communications among all parties involved. The site is located adjacent to a steep sided ghaut, thus the development has made provisions for a 100 feet buffer zone, and mitigation includes placing dust screens around the area, particularly close to the Housing development, and playing field; materials, and surfaces will be water sprayed, while a phased removal of vegetation should prevent large areas becoming exposed to erosion. In addition, rainwater off the various buildings, will be collected into cisterns to serve as reserves in times of drought, while a proper sewage system will be designed, to incorporate the development's future demands, taking into consideration the present drilling plans of the Water Department, and the need to prevent groundwater contamination. However, percolation tests will be required to inform due process. An adequate drainage system should be designed to prevent occurrence of erosion on the site, during and after construction.
Quantitative PCR Technology (1998)

Higuchi et al. (1992, 1993) pioneered the analysis of PCR kinetics by constructing a system that detects PCR products as they accumulate. This “real-time” system includes the intercalator ethidium bromide in each amplification reaction, an adapted thermal cycler to irradiate the samples with ultraviolet light, and detection of the resulting fluorescence with a computer-controlled cooled CCD camera. Amplification produces increasing amounts of double-stranded DNA, which binds ethidium bromide, resulting in an increase in fluorescence. By plotting the increase in fluorescence versus cycle number, the system produces amplification plots that provide a more complete picture of the PCR process than assaying product accumulation after a fixed number of cycles.
Nerve Injury Induces Robust Allodynia and Ectopic Discharges in Nav1.3 Null Mutant Mice (2006)

Changes in sodium channel activity and neuronal hyperexcitability contribute to neuropathic pain, a major clinical problem. There is strong evidence that the re-expression of the embryonic voltage-gated sodium channel subunit Nav1.3 underlies neuronal hyperexcitability and neuropathic pain. Here we show that acute and inflammatory pain behaviour is unchanged in global Nav1.3 mutant mice. Surprisingly, neuropathic pain also developed normally in the Nav1.3 mutant mouse. To rule out any genetic compensation mechanisms that may have masked the phenotype, we investigated neuropathic pain in two conditional Nav1.3 mutant mouse lines. We used Nav1.8-Cre mice to delete Nav1.3 in nociceptors at E14 and NFH-Cre mice to delete Nav1.3 throughout the nervous system postnatally. Again normal levels of neuropathic pain developed after nerve injury in both lines. Furthermore, ectopic discharges from damaged nerves were unaffected by the absence of Nav1.3 in global knock-out mice. Our data demonstrate that Nav1.3 is neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of nerve-injury related pain.
Summarizing personal web browsing sessions (2006)

We describe a system, implemented as a browser extension, that enables users to quickly and easily collect, view, and share personal Web content. Our system employs a novel interaction model, which allows a user to specify webpage extraction patterns by interactively selecting webpage elements and applying these patterns to automatically collect similar content. Further, we present a technique for creating visual summaries of the collected information by combining user labeling with predefined layout templates. These summaries are interactive in nature: depending on the behaviors encoded in their templates, they may respond to mouse events, in addition to providing a visual summary. Finally, the summaries can be saved or sent to others to continue the research at another place or time. Informal evaluation shows that our approach works well for popular websites, and that users can quickly learn this interaction model for collecting content from the Web.
Immobilization of Bis(imino)pyridyliron(II) Complexes on Silica (2001)

The well-known catalyst precursor 2,6-bis[1-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)ethyl]pyridine (1) is functionalized by various alkenyl groups to yield the corresponding alkenyl-functionalized 2,6-bis[1-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)ethyl]pyridine ligand. Reaction of these novel functionalized bis(imino)pyridyl ligands with iron(II) chloride results in the formation of precatalysts 5−7, which possess different spacer moieties. The possibility of self-immobilization has been investigated with respect to the chain length of the alkenyl moiety. Additionally, experiments to heterogenize these functionalized iron(II) complexes on modified silica via hydrosilation are presented (8−10). The immobilization has been studied by IR, and the resulting polymers have been characterized by GPC and static light scattering.
Dehydrogenation of AmineBorane Me2NH⋅BH3 Catalyzed by a LanthanumHydride Complex (2013)

The rare-earth-metal-hydride complexes [{(1,7-Me2TACD)LnH}4] (Ln=La 1 a, Y 1 b; (1,7-Me2TACD)H2 =1,7-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane, 1,7-Me2[12]aneN4) were synthesized by hydrogenolysis of [{(1,7-Me2TACD)Ln(η(3)-C3H5)}2] with 1 bar H2. The tetrameric structures were confirmed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction of compound 1 a. Both complexes catalyze the dehydrogenation of secondary amine-borane Me2NH·BH3 to afford the cyclic dimer (Me2NBH2)2 and (Me2N)2BH under mild conditions. Whilst the complete conversion of Me2NH·BH3 was observed within 2 h with lanthanum-hydride 1 a, the yttrium homologue 1 b required 48 h to reach 95% conversion. Further reactions of compound 1 a with Me2NH·BH3 in various stoichiometric ratios gave a series of intermediate products, [{(1,7-Me2TACD)LaH}4](Me2NBH2)2 (2 a), [(1,7-Me2TACDH)La(Me2NBH3)2] (3 a), [(1,7-Me2TACD)(Me2NBH2)La(Me2NBH3)] (4 a), and [(1,7-Me2TACD)(Me2NBH2)2La(Me2NBH3)] (5 a). Complexes 2 a, 3 a, and 5 a were isolated and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These intermediates revealed the activation and coordination modes of "Me2NH·BH3 " fragments that were trapped within the coordination sphere of a rare-earth-metal center.
Adrenocortical Lipid Depletion Gene (ald) in AKR Mice Is Associated with an Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (ACAT) Mutation (1998)

ald, a recessive allele in AKR inbred mice, is responsible for complete adrenocortical lipid depletion in postpubertal males, which appears to be androgen dependent. Two recent observations (adrenocortical lipid depletion in acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-deficient (Acact-/-) mice and the mapping of Acact to a region of chromosome 1 containing the ald locus) prompted us to ask whether adrenocortical lipid depletion in AKR mice results from an Acact mutation. Refined genetic mapping of Acact and ald was consistent with colocalization of these loci. Crossing Acact-/- with AKR (ald/ald) mice yielded postpubertal male offspring characterized by adrenocortical lipid depletion, indicating that these loci are not complementational and are therefore allelic. Immunoblotting of preputial gland homogenates demonstrated that AKR mice had an ACAT protein with a lower molecular mass than other mouse strains. Analysis of Acact cDNA from AKR mice revealed a deletion of the first coding exon and two missense mutations. Despite these coding sequence differences, the ACAT protein from the ald allele catalyzed cholesterol esterification activity at levels similar to that of wild-type protein. We speculate that the adrenocortical lipid depletion resulting from the ald mutation is caused by an altered susceptibility of the mutant protein to modifying factors, such as androgen production at puberty, in an as yet undetermined manner.
cDNA sequence for the alpha M subunit of the human neutrophil adherence receptor indicates homology to integrin alpha subunits. (1989)

The receptor on human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) that mediates cellular adherence consists of two noncovalently associated subunits, designated alpha M (Mac-1 alpha, Mol alpha, or CD11b; Mr, 170,000) and beta (Mac-1 beta, Mol beta, or CD18; Mr, 100,000). We isolated a cDNA clone for the human neutrophil alpha M subunit by screening a lambda gt 11 cDNA library made from chronic myelogenous leukemia neutrophils by using an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody directed against the alpha M subunit. We used this cDNA clone to obtain additional clones from cDNA libraries made from differentiated HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Together these cDNAs constitute the complete 1137-amino acid sequence for the mature human alpha M subunit protein. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates the presence of an extensive extracellular domain with three putative metal-binding regions, (i) an amino acid region that is homologous to the A domain of von Willebrand factor, (ii) a 26-amino acid hydrophobic sequence that is a potential transmembrane domain, and (iii) a 19-amino acid cytoplasmic region. The amino acid sequence for the human neutrophil alpha M subunit contains regions that are closely related to amino acid sequences of adhesion receptors belonging to the integrin family.
Soldier's Radio (2003)

The need has been established by the US Army to provide the future soldier with computing and communications capabilities. This will entail providing the individual soldier with a pocket-size computer as well as a communications device for the transmission of both voice and data. These programs are known as Soldier's Computer and Soldier's Radio. The authors address the Soldier's Radio and many of the unique constraints, issues, factors, and opportunities that will drive the design of this system. Particular attention is given to the network architecture, information security, and operational frequency bands.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antimetastatic activity of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (2004)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is increased in breast cancer and surgery has been shown to increase the growth of metastatic tumours. We investigated the effect of selective COX-2 inhibition on the growth of metastases in either an experimental metastasis model or following excision of a murine primary breast tumour. 50,000 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of female BALB/c mice. When the mean TD reached 8+/-0.4 mm, tumours were excised and the mice were randomised into two groups (n=12 per group) to receive daily intraperitoneal injections of the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236 or drug vehicle for 14 days. Alternatively, experimental metastases were established by tail-vein injection of 50,000 4T1 cells. Mice received either the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236 or drug vehicle for 14 days (n=12 per group). SC-236 treatment significantly reduced tumour burden, the number and size of spontaneous metastases following primary tumour excision. SC-236 treatment also reduced tumour burden, the number and size of experimental metastases. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that COX-2 inhibition reduced microvessel density and increased apoptosis within both spontaneous and experimental metastases. These data clearly demonstrate that the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236, has potent antimetastatic activity against both spontaneous metastases arising following primary tumour excision and experimental metastases.
Addiction and the Treatment of Pain (2005)

Persons experiencing pain, whether acute or chronic, seek and deserve relief from their discomfort and loss of function. However, opioid analgesics have the capacity to induce tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction. Furthermore, persons with a history of opioid use disorders or other substance misuse problems are at "high risk" when they acquire painful conditions requiring aggressive treatment. Prescription of opioids could trigger a relapse to the original drug of choice or could initiate a new bout of addiction with the prescribed drug. This article explores the relationship between addiction and pain, including signs of developing addiction and approaches to managing pain in those with addiction.
Immunomagnetic T cell capture from blood for PCR analysis using microfluidic systems (2004)

A one-step immunomagnetic separation technique was performed on a microfluidic platform for the isolation of specific cells from blood samples. The cell isolation and purification studies targeted T cells, as a model for low abundance cells (about 1:10,000 cells), with more dilute cells as the ultimate goal. T cells were successfully separated on-chip from human blood and from reconstituted blood samples. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the captured cells was used to characterize the efficiency of T cell capture in a variety of flow path designs. Employing many (4-8), 50 microm deep narrow channels, with the same overall cross section as a single, 3 mm wide channel, was much more effective in structuring dense enough magnetic bead beds to trap cells in a flowing stream. The use of 8-multiple bifurcated flow paths increased capture efficiencies from approximately 20 up to 37%, when compared to a straight 8-way split design, indicating the value of ensuring uniform flow distribution into each channel in a flow manifold for effective cell capture. Sample flow rates of up to 3 microL min(-1) were evaluated in these capture beds.
3-D Sequential Integration: A Key Enabling Technology for Heterogeneous Co-Integration of New Function With CMOS (2012)

3-D sequential integration stands out from other 3-D schemes as it enables the full use of the third dimension. Indeed, in this approach, 3-D contact density matches with the transistor scale. In this paper, we report on the main advances enabling the demonstration of functional and performant stacked CMOS-FETs; i.e., wafer bonding, low temperature processes (<;650°C) and salicide stabilization achievements. This integration scheme enables fine grain partitioning and thus a gain in performance versus cost ratio linked to separation of heterogeneous technologies on distinct levels. In this work, we will detail examples taking advantage of the unique 3-D contact pitch achieved with sequential 3-D.
Glycoprotein Structure Determination by Mass Spectrometry (2001)

The human genome encodes 30,000 to 40,000 proteins, and a major challenge is to understand how posttranslational events, such as glycosylation, affect the activities and functions of these proteins in health and disease. Glycosylated proteins are ubiquitous components of extracellular matrices and cellular surfaces where their oligosaccharide moieties are implicated in a wide range of cell-cell and cell-matrix recognition events. The power of ultrahigh-sensitivity mass spectrometric strategies for defining the primary structures of highly complex mixtures of glycoprotein glycoforms is set to revolutionize structural glycobiology in the coming postgenomic era.
Expression of the human apolipoprotein E gene is regulated by multiple positive and negative elements. (1988)

Apolipoprotein E (apoE), unlike the other major lipoproteins, is synthesized in a variety of tissues. We examined which regions of the human apoE gene contributed to its tissue-specific expression using HepG2 and HeLa cells as examples of expressing and nonexpressing tissues, respectively. Regions between -360 bp and -80 bp and within the first intron were shown to be necessary for full expression activity in HepG2 cells by a nuclease protection assay which demonstrated correct transcriptional initiation of the transfected constructions. To fine map the regulatory regions, we constructed a series of deletions fused to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. We discovered eight regions which had a positive effect on expression and three regions that had a negative effect on expression, in both HepG2 and HeLa cells. In addition we found three regions which had a tissue-specific negative effect on expression in HeLa cells and one region with a tissue-specific positive effect in HepG2 cells. A DNase I protection assay revealed eight footprints within the proximal 5'-flanking sequence and the first intron. Seven of these footprints fell within closely defined regions with positive expression activity. Sequence analysis of these footprint elements revealed the presence of previously identified elements and two novel elements related to each other, identified here as B1 and B2. We also defined another repeated sequence, the A element; all three of the tissue-nonspecific negative regions contained this element or sequences with homology to it. In the context of a heterologous promotor, a synthetic oligonucleotide containing the B1 and B2 elements behaved like a classical enhancer, having a positive effect on expression, even when placed at a distance. This effect was neutralized by a different synthetic oligonucleotide containing an A element repeat.
Effect of External Cooling on 177Lu-PSMA Uptake by the Parotid Glands (2019)

Recent years have seen the start of treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (PRLT), especially <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617. However, PRLT has side effects on the salivary glands that limit the safety of the treatment. The current study aimed to show the effect of external cooling with ice packs on <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 uptake by the parotid glands (PGs). <b>Methods:</b> The study included 19 patients (mean age, 72.9 y) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who had been referred for the first time for <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 treatment and underwent pretreatment <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Before the initiation of PRLT, the SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> of the right and left PGs were measured on <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET/CT. Frozen ice packs were then affixed over the right PG of each patient for approximately 5 h; 1 h after they were affixed, PRLT was administered. At 4 h after PRLT, head-and-neck SPECT/CT was performed, and at both 4 and 24 h after PRLT, whole-body planar scintigraphy was performed. Regions and volumes of interest were applied for the right and left PGs, and the counts and volumes were determined. <b>Results:</b> Before PRLT, <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT showed no significant difference in SUV<sub>max</sub> or SUV<sub>mean</sub> between the right and left PGs (<i>P</i> > 0.05). At 4 and 24 h after PRLT, planar imaging showed no significant difference in counts between the cooled and noncooled PGs (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Furthermore, at 4 h after PRLT, SPECT/CT showed no significant difference in counts or volumes between the cooled and noncooled PGs (<i>P</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> External cooling does not reduce uptake of <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 by the PGs.