gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The RNA polymerase I transcription factor, upstream binding factor, interacts directly with the TATA box-binding protein. (1994)

The accurate transcription of human rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I requires two transcription factors, upstream binding factor (UBF) and promoter selectivity factor (SL1). Human SL1 (hSL1) is a multisubunit complex, one of whose components is TATA box-binding protein (TBP). hSL1 binds to the core region of the rRNA promoter, but does so inefficiently in the absence of human UBF (hUBF). hUBF interacts with the upstream control element of the rRNA promoter and facilitates binding of hSL1. The molecular basis by which hUBF increases binding of hSL1 remains to be elucidated. In this report, we use an immobilized protein binding assay to identify and purify a 95-kDa TBP-binding polypeptide. Microsequence analysis reveals that the 95-kDa TBP-binding protein is hUBF. We show that hUBF is stably associated with TBP and is present in large TBP-containing complexes. Our results indicate that the cooperative binding of hUBF and hSL1 on the rRNA promoter is mediated by direct interaction between hUBF and TBP. We also provide evidence that hUBF associates with TFIID, a TBP-containing RNA polymerase II transcription factor.
Preclinical Efficacy of the c-Met Inhibitor CE-355621 in a U87 MG Mouse Xenograft Model Evaluated by18F-FDG Small-Animal PET (2007)

CE-355621 is an efficacious novel antineoplastic chemotherapeutic agent that inhibits (18)F-FDG accumulation earlier than tumor volume changes in a mouse xenograft model. These results support the use of (18)F-FDG PET to assess early tumor response for CE-355621.
1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole. An efficient peptide coupling additive (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole. An efficient peptide coupling additiveLouis A. CarpinoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 10, 4397–4398Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00063a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00063a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18534Altmetric-Citations1304LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DESIGNER AMPHETAMINES IN NEW ZEALAND: POLICY CHALLENGES AND INITIATIVES (2015)

There has been a rapid increase in the use and manufacture of powerful amphetamine-type substances (ATS) such as methamphetamine and ecstasy in New Zealand in recent years. The use of ATS has been linked to increases in cases of drug psychosis, violent crime and robbery. The rapid spread of these synthetic designer drugs has highlighted a number of gaps in current legislation, agency response and research capacity. This paper discusses these issues and problems, and recommends a number of policy initiatives related to the classification of amphetamines in the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975, the classification of drug analogues, quantities required for presumption of supply, powers of search, penalties for amphetamine manufacture, chemical precursor control, the clean-up of contaminated clandestine manufacture sites, statistics maintained on ATS seizures, and the study of drug use and harms, including mental illness and incidents of violence.
Coordinate activation of autophagy and the proteasome pathway by FoxO transcription factor (2008)

The rapid loss of muscle mass, which occurs with disuse and systemically with fasting, cancer and many other diseases, results primarily from accelerated breakdown of muscle proteins. In atrophying muscles, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway catalyzes the accelerated degradation of myofibrillar proteins, but the possible importance of the autophagic/lysosomal pathway in atrophy has received little attention. Our prior studies demonstrate that activation of FoxO transcription factors is essential for muscle atrophy, and that activated FoxO3 by itself causes dramatic atrophy of muscles and cultured myotubes via transcription of a set of atrophy-related genes ("atrogenes") including critical ubiquitin ligases. Using selective inhibitors, we measured isotopically the actual contribution of proteasomes and lysosomes to the FoxO3-induced increase in protein breakdown in myotubes and found that FoxO3 coordinately activates both proteolytic systems, but especially lysosomal proteolysis. Activated FoxO3 stimulates autophagy through a transcription-dependent mechanism and increases the transcription of many autophagy-related genes, which are also induced in mouse muscles atrophying due to denervation or fasting. Thus, in atrophying muscles, decreased IGF1-PI3K-Akt signaling stimulates autophagy, not only through mTOR, but also more slowly by FoxO3-dependent transcription. These findings on muscle provide the first evidence for coordinate regulation of proteasomal and lysosomal systems, although in neuronal and hepatic cells, FoxO3 stimulates the autophagic process selectively.
Antiviral agents. 2. Structure-activity relations of compounds related to 1-adamantanamine (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiviral agents. 2. Structure-activity relations of compounds related to 1-adamantanaminePaul E. Aldrich, Edward C. Hermann, Walter E. Meier, Marvin Paulshock, William W. Prichard, Jack Austin Synder, and John C. WattsCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 6, 535–543Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00288a019Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1107Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cell wall invertases from apex and callus tissues of sugar cane (1980)

Calluses were obtained from the stalk apex of sugar cane. Both the stalk apex and callus tissues possessed firmly bound cell wall invertases. The invertases of each tissue were characterized on the basis of their Km, optimum pH and the action of various inhibitors. According to this characterization, the two tissues possess different isoenzymes. Taking into account the present isoenzymes and the known cell wall invertases from stalk tissue, we postulated a different pattern of isoenzymes for each organ of the sugar cane. These differences suggest that the cell wall invertases might be used as markers in studies of tissue differentiation.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of antimicrobials in the therapy of respiratory tract infections (2001)

Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics examines the relationship between the pharmacokinetics of a drug over time and its treatment effect. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters have been shown to be predictors of the antimicrobial activity of a variety of drugs. The pharmacodynamic parameter linked to efficacy has been demonstrated to vary for different antimicrobial classes. Within an antimicrobial class, the magnitude of the pharmacodynamic parameter predictive of efficacy has been shown to be similar, as long as free-drug levels in serum are considered. Treatment outcome predictions based upon parameter magnitudes have correlated well and have been useful for assessing the future course of both susceptible and resistant pathogens of the respiratory tract. This has been useful for the development of susceptibility breakpoints and antimicrobial treatment guidelines. Recent studies have begun to investigate the relationship between antimicrobial pharmacodynamics and the prevention of drug resistance.
Identification of Functionally Important Amino Acid Residues within the C2-Domain of Human Factor V Using Alanine-Scanning Mutagenesis (2000)

We have previously determined that the C2-domain of human factor V (residues 2037-2196) is required for expression of cofactor activity and binding to phosphatidylserine (PS)-containing membranes. Naturally occurring factor V inhibitors and a monoclonal antibody (HV-1) recognized epitopes in the amino terminus of the C2-domain (residues 2037-2087) and blocked PS binding. We have now investigated the function of individual amino acids within the C2-domain using charge to alanine mutagenesis. Charged residues located within the C2-domain were changed to alanine in clusters of 1-3 mutations per construct. In addition, mutants W2063A, W2064A, (W2063, W2064)A, and L2116A were constructed as well. The resultant 30 mutants were expressed in COS cells using a B-domain deleted factor V construct (rHFV des B). All mutants were expressed efficiently based on the polyclonal antibody ELISA. The charged residues, Arg(2074), Asp(2098), Arg(2171), Arg(2174), and Glu(2189) are required for maintaining the structural integrity of the C2-domain of factor V. Four of these residues (Arg(2074), Asp(2098), Arg(2171), and Arg(2174)) correspond to positions in the factor VIII C-type domains that have been identified as point mutations in patients with hemophilia A. The epitope for the inhibitory monoclonal antibody HV-1 has been localized to Lys(2060) through Glu(2069) in the factor V C2-domain. The epitope for the inhibitory monoclonal antibody 6A5 is composed of amino acids His(2128) through Lys(2137). The PS-binding site in the factor V C2-domain includes amino acid residues Trp(2063) and Trp(2064). This site overlaps with the epitope for monoclonal antibody HV-1. These factor V C2-domain mutants should provide valuable tools for further defining the molecular interactions responsible for factor V binding to phospholipid membranes.
Quality and safety assessment of ginseng extracts by determination of the contents of pesticides and metals (2005)

Ginseng extracts are available as ingredients for improving energy and vitality and can be used in functional foods and as flavouring ingredients. A survey was been performed to determine the content of pesticides and toxic metals in ginseng extracts. Forty-seven samples from 20 suppliers, including both Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Asian ginseng) and P. quinquefolius (American ginseng) species, were analysed for arsenic content and for the following metals: aluminium, molybdenum, chromium, copper, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, mercury and lead, while pesticide residues were analysed in 30 samples from 17 suppliers. The results showed that 24 samples (80%) contained pesticides above the detection limit and 13 samples (43%) did not comply with the maximum residue limits (MRL) for total quintozene, hexachlorobenzene, total hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, total heptachlor, e-chlorpyrifos and folpet, imposed for botanical extracts. Total quintozene, hexachlorobenzene, total hexachlorocyclohexane and lindane were present in all contaminated samples and exceeded the MRL in eleven samples, with levels up to 55 and 30 times their respective MRL. Cadmium (<0.05-259 microg kg(-1)), mercury (<0.3-72 microg kg(-1)), lead (3-2710 microg kg(-1)) and arsenic (<0.3-918 microg kg(-1)) were present in most samples at concentrations lower than the MRL imposed for flavouring substances. Among the other elements, aluminium (0.3-1068 mg kg(-1)) was the most abundant.
Mobile Host Internetworking Using IP Loose Source Routing (1993)

Internetworking protocols such as IP currently do not allow "mobile hosts" to interoperate easily or conveniently with other hosts on the network.A host's IP address encodes the network number to which the host is connected, which prevents IP datagrams from reaching the host when it moves to a new location and connects to the Internet within a different network.This paper presents a new protocol for allowing mobile hosts to transparently interoperate in the Internet using IP.The protocol is designed to make use of existing facilities of the IP protocol architecture where possible, in order to minimize any changes necessary to existing protocol software.The protocol takes advantage of the standard IP loose source routing option for routing datagrams correctly to mobile hosts, while allowing the hosts to retain their normal "home" IP address even when connected to a foreign network.The protocol is simple and scales well to large numbers of mobile hosts.It requires fewer changes to existing software and adds less overhead to the network than previous IP mobile host internetworking protocols.
Selective reductive carbonyl couplings with titanium (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reductive carbonyl couplings with titaniumLuis Castedo, Jose M. Saa, Rafael Suau, and Gabriel TojoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 21, 4292–4294Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00334a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00334a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views484Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-speed Ge photodetector monolithically integrated with large cross-section silicon-on-insulator waveguide (2009)

We demonstrate a compact, high speed Ge photodetector efficiently butt-coupled with a large cross-section silicon-on-insulate (SOI) waveguide in which the Ge p-i-n junction is placed in the horizontal direction to enable very high speed operation. The demonstrated photodetector has an active area of only 0.8×10 μm2, greater than 32 GHz optical bandwidth, and a responsivity of 1.1 A/W at a wavelength of 1550 nm. Very importantly the device can readily be integrated with high performance wavelength-division-multiplexing filters based on large cross-section SOI waveguide to form monolithic integrated silicon photonics receivers for multichannel terabit data transmission applications.
Genetic engineering of mouse embryonic stem cells by Nurr1 enhances differentiation and maturation into dopaminergic neurons (2002)

Nurr1 is a transcription factor critical for the development of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. This study modified mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to constitutively express Nurr1 under the elongation factor-1alpha promoter. The Nurr1-expression in ES cells lead to up-regulation of all DA neuronal markers tested, resulting in about a 4- to 5-fold increase in the proportion of DA neurons. In contrast, other neuronal and glial markers were not significantly changed by Nurr1 expression. It was also observed that there was an additional 4-fold increase in the number of DA neurons in Nurr1-expressing clones following treatment with Shh, FGF8 and ascorbic acid. Several lines of evidence suggest that these neurons may represent midbrain DA neuronal phenotypes; firstly, they coexpress midbrain DA markers such as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, calretinin, and dopamine transporter, in addition to tyrosine hydroxylase and secondly, they do not coexpress other neurotransmitters such as GABA or serotonin. Finally, consistent with an increased number of DA neurons, the Nurr1 transduction enhanced the ability of these neurons to produce and release DA in response to membrane depolarization. This study demonstrates an efficient genetic manipulation of ES cells that facilitates differentiation to midbrain DA neurons, and it will serve as a framework of genetic engineering of ES cells by key transcription factor to regulate their cell fate.
Biological role of epidermal growth factor-receptor clustering. Investigation with monoclonal anti-receptor antibodies. (1983)

Monoclonal anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor antibodies were used as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of the role of the receptor molecule in the transduction of the biological effects mediated by EGF. The specificity of the antibodies was established by immunoprecipitation of the receptor from biosynthetically labeled cells. The previously described (Schreiber, A. B., Lax, I., Yarden, Y., Eshhar, Z., and Schlessinger, J. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U. S. A. 78, 7535-7539) 2F2-IgM antibody binds to or close to the binding site of the growth factor on the receptor molecule; it induces receptor clustering and internalization and triggers early and delayed effects of EGF. A monovalent Fab fragment of the 2G2-IgM antibody stimulates the EGF-receptor sensitive protein kinase, but does not induce receptor clustering and DNA synthesis. When cell-bound 2G2-Fab fragments are cross-linked with anti-mouse Ig antibodies, both receptor clustering and mitogenic activity are restored. A second monoclonal antibody against EGF-receptor denoted TL5-IgG does not interfere with the binding of EGF to the receptor, fails to induce receptor clustering, and does not possess any intrinsic bioactivity. The cross-linking of cell-bound TL5-IgG with anti-mouse Ig antibodies leads to the stimulation of DNA synthesis. It is concluded that the EGF-receptor, when properly triggered, contains all the biochemical attributes necessary for the initiation of biological effects. Receptor clustering, even when mediated via domains distinct from the hormone binding site on the receptor molecule, appears as a necessary and sufficient signal for the induction of DNA synthesis.
Altering the Stereochemistry of Allylation Reactions of Cyclic .alpha.-Sulfinyl Radicals with Diarylureas (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAltering the Stereochemistry of Allylation Reactions of Cyclic .alpha.-Sulfinyl Radicals with DiarylureasDennis P. Curran and Lung Huang KuoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 12, 3259–3261Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00091a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00091a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2231Altmetric-Citations177LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of suppressive and pro-resolving effects of EPA and DHA in human primary monocytes and T-helper cells (2013)

Despite their beneficial anti-inflammatory properties, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may increase the infection risk at high doses, likely by generating an immune-depressed state. To assess the contribution of different immune cell populations to the immunomodulatory fatty acid effect, we comparatively investigated several aspects of inflammation in human T-helper (Th) cells and monocytes. Both fatty acids, but DHA to a lesser extent compared with EPA, selectively and dose-dependently reduced the percentage of cytokine-expressing Th cells in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ-dependent fashion, whereas the expression of the cell surface marker CD69 was unaltered on activated T cells. In monocytes, both EPA and DHA increased interleukin (IL)-10 without affecting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6. Cellular incorporation of EPA and DHA occurred mainly at the expense of arachidonic acid. Concomitantly, thromboxane B (TXB)2 and leukotriene B (LTB)4 in supernatants decreased, while levels of TXB3 and LTB5 increased. This increase was independent of activation and in accordance with cyclooxygenase expression patterns in monocytes. Moreover, EPA and DHA gave rise to a variety of mono- and trihydroxy derivatives of highly anti-inflammatory potential, such as resolvins and their precursors. Our results suggest that EPA and DHA do not generally affect immune cell functions in an inhibitory manner but rather promote pro-resolving responses.