gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A microbially based approach for the preparation of chiral molecules possessing the trifluoromethyl group (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA microbially based approach for the preparation of chiral molecules possessing the trifluoromethyl groupJenq Tain Lin, Takashi Yamazaki, and Tomoya KitazumeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 15, 3211–3217Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00391a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00391a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views385Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Candidate Vaccine Sequences to Represent Intra- and Inter-Clade HIV-1 Variation (2009)

A likely key factor in the failure of a HIV-1 vaccine based on cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) is the natural immunodominance of epitopes that fall in variable regions of the proteome, which both increases the chance of epitope sequence mismatch with the incoming challenge strain and replicates the pathogenesis of early CTL failure due to epitope escape mutation during natural infection. To identify potential vaccine sequences to focus the CTL response on highly conserved epitopes, the whole proteomes of HIV-1 clades A1, B, C, and D were assessed for Shannon entropy at each amino acid position. Highly conserved regions in Gag (cGag-1, Gag 148-214, and cGag-2, Gag 253-331), Env (cEnv, Env 521-606), and Nef (cNef, Nef 106-148) were identified across clades. Inter- and intra-clade variability of amino acids within the regions tended to overlap, suggesting that polyvalent representation of consensus sequences for the four clades would allow broad HIV-1 strain representation. These four conserved regions were rich in both known and predicted CTL epitopes presented by a breadth of HLA types, and screening of 54 persons with chronic HIV-1 infection revealed that these regions are commonly immunogenic in the context of natural infection. These data suggest that vaccine delivery of a 16-valent mixture of these regions could focus the CTL response against conserved epitopes that are broadly representative of circulating HIV-1 strains.
Colonisation index of the oral cavity: A novel technique for monitoring colonisation defence (1989)

The constancy of oropharyngeal flora in healthy people is based on intact defence against colonisation. Conditions which can interfere with this defence are underlying disease and medical interventions, and may be associated with alterations in the oropharyngeal flora. The oral flora was assessed by means of a modified oral rinse method based on pre-enrichment in nutrient medium. The colonisation index of the oral cavity was defined as the sum of the log10 of the concentrations of a particular microorganism isolated from one ml of oropharyngeal washing specimens, divided by the number of oral washings. This index was evaluated as an indicator of (decreased) colonisation defence by comparing a group of healthy volunteers with a group of post-surgery head and neck oncology patients. Oral colonisation indices for Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Acinetobacter spp. as well as for Staphylococcus epidermidis were statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared to the volunteers. This clear reduction in colonisation defence, resulting in a high carriage rate of potentially pathogenic Gram-negative bacilli, may be a result of the combination of underlying disease (cancer) and surgical intervention (debulking or radical resection of tumor).
Carbon Nanotube Film Sensors (2004)

A carbon nanotube film (see Figure) can be used as a strain sensor at the macroscale, due to the dependence of the electrical properties of single‐walled carbon nanotubes on mechanical deformation at the nanoscale.
Integrity of the permeability barrier regulates epidermal Langerhans cell density (1996)

Summary Previous studies have shown that barrier requirements regulate epidermal liquid and DNA synthesis. In the present study, we examined the possibility that the integrity of the permeability barrier influences epidermal Langerhans cells involved with the immune response. Barrier disruption was achieved by treatment of human skin with acetone, sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), or tape stripping, until a 10–20-fold increase in transepidermal water loss was achieved. Serial biopsies were performed 6–168 after treatment, and Langerhans cells were complexed with anti-CD1a (Leu6) or S-l00 antibodies, and visualized with an immunoperoxidase technique. Acetone treatment resulted in an increase in epidermal Langerhans cell density, reaching a maximum of 94% over control (P < 0.01) by 24 and 48 h post-treatment. Following SDS treatment or tape stripping, epidermal Langerhans cell density was increased by 100 and 175% (P < 0.01), respectively. There was a linear correlation between the degree of barrier disruption and the increase in epidermal Langerhans cell density. Studies with the Ki-S3 proliferation-associated nuclear antigen revealed a two- to threefold increase in epidermal proliferation after barrier disruption. The time curves of the increase in Langerhans cell density and the increase in epidermal proliferation were similar, suggesting that there was a coordinate regulation. In contrast with our previous studies employing patch test reactions to allergens or irritants, disruption of barrier function neither resulted in an increased dermal Langerhans cell density, nor influenced T lymphocytes (CD3+. Leu4+). Macrophages (KiM8+), ICAM-1 or ELAM-1 expression in the skin. In addition, barrier disruption did not result in either dermal inflammation or epidermal spongiosis. In summary these findings support our hypothesis that the permeability barrier influences epidermal Langerhans cell density, which is involved in maintaining an immunological barrier.
High-throughput quantitative bioanalysis by LC/MS/MS (2000)

This review article discusses the most recent significant advances in the sample preparation and mass spectrometry aspects of high-throughput bioanalysis by LC/MS/MS for the quantitation of drugs, metabolites and endogenous biomolecules in biological matrices. The introduction and implementation of automated 96-well extraction has brought about high-throughput approaches to the biological sample preparation techniques of solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and protein precipitation. The fast-flow on-line extraction technique is a different high-throughput approach that has also significantly speeded up analysis by LC/MS/MS. The use of pierceable caps for biological tubes further enhances the analysis speed and improves the safety in handling biological samples. The need for adequate chromatographic separation in order to eliminate interferences due to metabolites and/or matrix effects in LC/MS/MS is discussed. To highlight our limited understanding of atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry, results from recent investigations that appear to be counter-intuitive are presented. Looking ahead to the future, multiplexed LC/MS/MS systems and capillary LC are presented as areas that can bring about further improvements in analysis speed and sensitivity to quantitative bioanalysis by LC/MS/MS.
Reactions of Substituted Furan-2-carboxaldehydes and Furo[b]pyrrole Type Aldehydes with Benzothiazolium Salts (2004)

A series of new push-pull compounds were synthesised by reaction of 5-aryl- furan-2-carboxaldehydes and furo[b]pyrrole type aldehydes with benzothiazolium salts. These new condensation products represent highly conjugated systems that have potential biological activity. The reaction of furo[b]pyrrole type aldehydes with benzothiazolium salts give potential precursors of cyanine dyes.
The CB2 cannabinoid agonist AM‐1241 prolongs survival in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis when initiated at symptom onset (2007)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron loss, paralysis and death within 2-5 years of diagnosis. Currently, no effective pharmacological agents exist for the treatment of this devastating disease. Neuroinflammation may accelerate the progression of ALS. Cannabinoids produce anti-inflammatory actions via cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), and delay the progression of neuroinflammatory diseases. Additionally, CB2 receptors, which normally exist primarily in the periphery, are dramatically up-regulated in inflamed neural tissues associated with CNS disorders. In G93A-SOD1 mutant mice, the most well-characterized animal model of ALS, endogenous cannabinoids are elevated in spinal cords of symptomatic mice. Furthermore, treatment with non-selective cannabinoid partial agonists prior to, or upon, symptom appearance minimally delays disease onset and prolongs survival through undefined mechanisms. We demonstrate that mRNA, receptor binding and function of CB2, but not CB1, receptors are dramatically and selectively up-regulated in spinal cords of G93A-SOD1 mice in a temporal pattern paralleling disease progression. More importantly, daily injections of the selective CB2 agonist AM-1241, initiated at symptom onset, increase the survival interval after disease onset by 56%. Therefore, CB2 agonists may slow motor neuron degeneration and preserve motor function, and represent a novel therapeutic modality for treatment of ALS.
The impact of donor KIR and patient HLA-C genotypes on outcome following HLA-identical sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myeloid leukemia (2003)

Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) regulate cell activity of natural killer (NK) cells and some T cells. The predominant ligand for inhibitory KIRs is HLA-C, which subdivides into 2 groups based on the specificity of inhibitory KIRs. The ligands for activatory KIRs are unknown. Following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), recipient tissues may not express a ligand for KIRs present within the graft, and the combination of donor KIR and recipient HLA-C types could influence outcome. HLA and KIR genotypes were determined in 220 donor-recipient pairs from HLA-matched sibling HSCTs performed for myeloid (n = 112) and lymphoid (n = 108) diseases. In HSCTs performed for myeloid disease, overall survival was worse in patients homozygous for group 2 HLA-C (C2) than in patients who carried a group 1 HLA-C (C1) allele (P <.005). Moreover, this effect is seen only when the donor additionally carries the activating KIR gene KIR2DS2 (P =.045). No effect was seen in patients with lymphoid disease. Thus, in HLA-matched sibling HSCT for myeloid leukemia, patients homozygous for C2 alleles receiving a graft from a donor carrying the KIR gene KIR2DS2 have a significantly reduced chance of survival.
Brownian Particle Distribution in Tube Flows (2004)

A rigid spherical particle translating at small tube Reynolds number in a shearing flow experiences lateral migration due to small inertia and wall effect. In a suspension flow of sufficiently small particles, Brownian motion is another factor. In this work, we investigate this migration phenomenon of Brownian particles in a pressure-driven flow for a range of particle volume fractions (φ) much less than 0.01. The flow velocity is varied, which results in bulk Pecle´t number (Pe) ranging over four orders of magnitude. Both the velocity and the particle distributions were measured. It has been found that when Pe is smaller than 1000, particles migrate away from the channel wall, and that the particle concentration in regions remote from the wall (more than 10 particle diameters) is nearly uniform; When Pe increases beyond 1000, particles move toward a preferred position with the migration effect becoming progressively stronger as Pe increases.
Microbead display by in vitro compartmentalisation: selection for binding using flow cytometry (2002)

In vitro compartmentalisation in an emulsion was used to physically link proteins to the DNA that encodes them via microbeads. These microbeads can be selected for catalysis, or, as demonstrated here, for binding. Genes encoding a peptide containing an epitope (haemagglutinin) were enriched to near purity from a 10(6)-fold excess of genes encoding a different peptide by two rounds of selection using flow cytometry, indicating approximately 1000-fold enrichment per round. Single beads can be isolated using flow sorting and the single gene on the bead amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Hence, the entire process can be performed completely in vitro.
Prediction of Progression of Coronary Artery Disease and Clinical Outcomes Using Vascular Profiling of Endothelial Shear Stress and Arterial Plaque Characteristics (2012)

URL: http:www.//clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT01316159.
Dual horizontal extension drilled using retrievable whipstock (1993)

Until recently, improved well production due to horizontal drilling has been limited to horizontals that do not include behind pipe reserves. And the economic benefits of multiple producing horizons have generated a need for simultaneous lateral completion in more than one hydrocarbon bearing formation. With the introduction of the retrievable whipstock, a method has been developed that enables multiple horizontal extensions to be drilled and subsequently produced from a single wellbore. This whipstock has been utilized in a dual lateral horizontal well that accelerated the development of behind pipe reserves. This article discusses the background and circumstances that led to the dual horizontal extension, and the development and first successful implementation of the retrievable whipstock in the McDougal 1 in north Brazos County, Texas.
Design of a Semiclosed Cycle Gas Turbine With Carbon Dioxide-Argon as Working Fluid (1997)

The main performance features of a semiclosed cycle gas turbine with carbon dioxide-argon working fluid are described here. This machine is designed to employ coal synthetic gas fuel and to produce no emissions. The present paper outlines three tasks carried out. Firstly the selection of main engine variables, mainly pressure and temperature ratios. Then a sizing exercise is carried out where many details of its physical appearance are outlined. Finally the off-design performance of the engine is predicted. This two spool gas turbine is purpose built for the working fluid, so its physical characteristics reflect this requirement. The cycle is designed with a turbine entry temperature of 1650 K and the optimum pressure ratio is found to be around 60. Two major alternatives are examined, the simple and the precooled cycle. A large amount of nitrogen is produced by the air separation plant associated with this gas turbine and the coal gasifier. An investigation has been made on how to use this nitrogen to improve the performance of the engine by precooling the compressor, cooling the turbine nozzle guide vanes and using it to cool the delivery of the low pressure compressor. The efficiencies of the whole plant have been computed, taking into account the energy requirements of the gasifier and the need to dispose of the excess carbon dioxide. Hence the overall efficiencies indicated here are of the order of 40 percent. This is a low efficiency by current standards, but the fuel employed is coal and no emissions are produced.
Suppression of TET1-Dependent DNA Demethylation Is Essential for KRAS-Mediated Transformation (2014)

Hypermethylation-mediated tumor suppressor gene (TSG) silencing is a central epigenetic alteration in RAS-dependent tumorigenesis. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes can depress DNA methylation by hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) bases to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Here, we report that suppression of TET1 is required for KRAS-induced DNA hypermethylation and cellular transformation. In distinct nonmalignant cell lines, oncogenic KRAS promotes transformation by inhibiting TET1 expression via the ERK-signaling pathway. This reduces chromatin occupancy of TET1 at TSG promoters, lowers levels of 5hmC, and increases levels of 5mC and 5mC-dependent transcriptional silencing. Restoration of TET1 expression by ERK pathway inhibition or ectopic TET1 reintroduction in KRAS-transformed cells reactivates TSGs and inhibits colony formation. KRAS knockdown increases TET1 expression and diminishes colony-forming ability, whereas KRAS/TET1 double knockdown bypasses the KRAS dependence of KRAS-addicted cancer cells. Thus, suppression of TET1-dependent DNA demethylation is critical for KRAS-mediated transformation.
Evaluation of quality of life in patients definitively treated for squamous carcinoma of the head and neck (2000)

This paper reviews quality-of-life (QOL) assessment in head and neck cancer with a focus on research and methodologic developments of the past year. Issues of QOL measurement, as well as the challenges to data synthesis in light of the heterogeneity of head and neck cancer and its treatment, are discussed briefly. Methodologic advances include increased use of validated measures, longitudinal study design, and attention to patients' attitudes. Although the majority of studies assessed multiple QOL domains, including both physical/functional and emotional/social, more focused areas of investigation included pain, organ preservation, and depression. Examinations of the relation among domains suggested that impaired function does not necessarily lead to poor QOL and that the best predictor of 12-month global QOL is pretreatment global QOL. Future challenges include the need for large multi-institutional studies, consensus about instrument selection, addressing the problem of missing data, and how to apply group OOL to individual patient decisions.
High-temperature sensitivity of long-period gratings in B-Ge codoped fiber (2001)

We report an investigation of thermal properties of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) of various periods fabricated in the conventional B-Ge codoped fiber. It has been found that the temperature sensitivity of the LPFGs produced in the B-Ge fiber can be significantly enhanced as compared with the standard telecom fiber. A total of 27.5-nm spectral shift was achieved from only 10/spl deg/C change in temperature for an LPFG with 240-μm period, demonstrating a first ever reported high sensitivity of 2.75 nm//spl deg/C. Such an LPFG may lead to high-efficiency and low-cost thermal/electrical tunable loss filters or sensors with extremely high-temperature resolution. The nonlinear thermal response of the supersensitive LPG was also reported and first explained.
A Dual-Function Antibiotic-Transporter Conjugate Exhibits Superior Activity in Sterilizing MRSA Biofilms and Killing Persister Cells (2018)

New strategies are urgently needed to target MRSA, a major global health problem and the leading cause of mortality from antibiotic-resistant infections in many countries. Here, we report a general approach to this problem exemplified by the design and synthesis of a vancomycin-d-octaarginine conjugate (V-r8) and investigation of its efficacy in addressing antibiotic-insensitive bacterial populations. V-r8 eradicated MRSA biofilm and persister cells in vitro, outperforming vancomycin by orders of magnitude. It also eliminated 97% of biofilm-associated MRSA in a murine wound infection model and displayed no acute dermal toxicity. This new dual-function conjugate displays enhanced cellular accumulation and membrane perturbation as compared to vancomycin. Based on its rapid and potent activity against biofilm and persister cells, V-r8 is a promising agent against clinical MRSA infections.
Phase I trial of a novel diphtheria toxin/granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein (DT388GMCSF) for refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. (2002)

DT388GMCSF can produce complete and partial remissions in patients with chemotherapy-resistant acute myeloid leukemia, but methods to prevent liver injury are needed before more widespread application of this novel agent.
CONCEPT HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE VEHICLE. FINAL REPORT: PHASE TWO (1998)

This report documents Phase II activities of a potentially four-phase project. The goal of the project is to study the feasibility of using advanced technologies from other industries to improve the efficiency and safety of winter highway maintenance vehicle operations. State departments of transportation from Iowa, Minnesota, and Michigan initially formed the study consortium, and several private vendors have become project partners. The Center for Transportation Research and Education (CTRE) at Iowa State University is managing project tasks.
Quantitative high‐throughput analysis of drugs in biological matrices by mass spectrometry (2003)

To support pharmacokinetic and drug metabolism studies, LC-MS/MS plays more and more an essential role for the quantitation of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices. With the new challenges encountered in drug discovery and drug development, new strategies are put in place to achieve high-throughput analysis, using serial and parallel approaches. To speed-up method development and validation, generic approaches with the direct injection of biological fluids is highly desirable. Column-switching, using various packing materials for the extraction columns, is widely applied. Improvement of mass spectrometers performance, and in particular triple quadrupoles, also strongly influences sample preparation strategies, which remain a key element in the bioanalytical process.
THE VIRTUAL HAPTIC BACK PROJECT 1 (2003)

This paper discusses the Ohio University Virtual Haptic Back (VHB) project, including motivation, implementation, and initial evaluations. Haptics is the science of human tactile sensation and a haptic interface provides force and touch feedback to the user from virtual reality. The VHB combines high-fidelity computer graphics with haptic feedback to augment training in palpatory diagnosis in Osteopathic medicine, plus related training applications in physical therapy, massage therapy, and other tactile fields. We use the PHANToM haptic interface to provide position interactions by the trainee, with accompanying force feedback to simulate the back of a live human subject in real-time. Our simulation is intended to add a measurable, repeatable component of science to the art of palpatory diagnosis. Based on our experiences in the lab to date, we believe that haptics-augmented computer models have great potential for improving training in the future, for various tactile applications. Our main project goals are to: 1. Provide a novel tool for palpatory diagnosis training; and 2. Improve the stateof-the-art in haptics and graphics applied to virtual anatomy.