gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cryopreservation of osteochondral allografts: dimethyl sulfoxide promotes angiogenesis and immune tolerance in mice. (2002)

In the absence of presensitization, cryopreservation with dimethyl sulfoxide appears to reduce the immune response to allografts and to enhance their revascularization; in the presence of presensitization, alternatives to allograft transplantation should be considered since the allografts will be exposed to a deleterious immune response.
A performance evaluation of tree-based coherent distributed shared memory (2002)

The system is organized based on the tree-based coherent algorithm, in which the coherence is maintained at the network nodes, in a fully distributed and localized manner. The system has an overlapped tree structure, where the processors are located on the leaves. The proposed coherence protocol relies only on one-to-one message passing. Simulation shows that, in a matrix multiplication program, the 32-processor system can execute 21 times faster than the single processor. How the performance of network nodes and block size affect overall system performance is also discussed. As regards performance, only the copy-request and the invalidate message are thought to be insufficient.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coregulator Control of Androgen Receptor Action by a Novel Nuclear Receptor-binding Motif (2014)

The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is essential for prostate cancer development. It is activated by androgens through its ligand-binding domain (LBD), which consists predominantly of 11 α-helices. Upon ligand binding, the last helix is reorganized to an agonist conformation termed activator function-2 (AF-2) for coactivator binding. Several coactivators bind to the AF-2 pocket through conserved LXXLL or FXXLF sequences to enhance the activity of the receptor. Recently, a small compound-binding surface adjacent to AF-2 has been identified as an allosteric modulator of the AF-2 activity and is termed binding function-3 (BF-3). However, the role of BF-3 in vivo is currently unknown, and little is understood about what proteins can bind to it. Here we demonstrate that a duplicated GARRPR motif at the N terminus of the cochaperone Bag-1L functions through the BF-3 pocket. These findings are supported by the fact that a selective BF-3 inhibitor or mutations within the BF-3 pocket abolish the interaction between the GARRPR motif(s) and the BF-3. Conversely, amino acid exchanges in the two GARRPR motifs of Bag-1L can impair the interaction between Bag-1L and AR without altering the ability of Bag-1L to bind to chromatin. Furthermore, the mutant Bag-1L increases androgen-dependent activation of a subset of AR targets in a genome-wide transcriptome analysis, demonstrating a repressive function of the GARRPR/BF-3 interaction. We have therefore identified GARRPR as a novel BF-3 regulatory sequence important for fine-tuning the activity of the AR.
Anilides of (R)-Trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic Acid as Inhibitors of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (2000)

The optimization of a series of anilide derivatives of (R)-3,3, 3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid as inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK) is described that started from N-phenyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide 1 (IC(50) = 35 +/- 1.4 microM). It was found that small electron-withdrawing groups on the ortho position of the anilide, i.e., chloro, acetyl, or bromo, increased potency 20-40-fold. The oral bioavailability of the compounds in this series is optimal (as measured by AUC) when the anilide is substituted at the 4-position with an electron-withdrawing group (i.e., carboxyl, carboxyamide, and sulfoxyamide). N-(2-Chloro-4-isobutylsulfamoylphenyl)-(R)-3,3, 3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionamide (10a) inhibits PDHK in the primary enzymatic assay with an IC(50) of 13 +/- 1.5 nM, enhances the oxidation of [(14)C]lactate into (14)CO(2) in human fibroblasts, lowers blood lactate levels significantly 2.5 and 5 h after oral doses as low as 30 micromol/kg, and increases the ex vivo activity of PDH in muscle, kidney, liver, and heart tissues. However, in contrast to sodium dichloroacetate (DCA), these PDHK inhibitors did not lower blood glucose levels. Nevertheless, they are effective at increasing the utilization and disposal of lactate and could be of utility to ameliorate conditions of inappropriate blood lactate elevation.
Universal Vaccines : shifting to one for many (2010)

Human vaccines, with their exquisite antigenic specificity, have greatly helped to eliminate or dramatically abate the incidence of a number of historical and current plagues, from smallpox to bacterial meningitis. Nonetheless, as new infectious agents emerge and the number of vaccine-preventable diseases increases, the practice and benefits of single-pathogen- or disease-targeted vaccination may be put at risk by constraints of timely production, formulation complexity, and regulatory hurdles. During the last influenza pandemic, extraordinary efforts by vaccine producers and health authorities have had little or no influence on disease prevention or mitigation. Recent research demonstrating the possibility of protecting against all influenza A virus types or even phylogenetically distant pathogens with vaccines based on highly conserved peptide or saccharide sequences is changing our paradigm. "Universal vaccine" strategies could be particularly advantageous to address protection from antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi for which no vaccine is currently available.
Expression of hepatitis B virus surface and core antigens: influences of pre-S and precore sequences (1987)

Amphotropic retroviral expression systems were used to synthesize hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and core antigen. The vectors permitted establishment of cell lines which expressed antigen from either the retroviral long terminal repeat or the mouse metallothionein-I promoter. HBsAgs were synthesized containing no pre-S sequences, pre-S(2) sequences alone, or pre-S(1) plus pre-S(2) sequences. Inclusion of pre-S(2) sequences did not affect the secretion or density of HBsAg particles but did reduce their mass by approximately 30%. Addition of pre-S(1) sequences almost completely abolished secretion of HBsAg and resulted in its localization in an aqueous-nonextractable pre- or early-Golgi cellular compartment. HBsAg was localized to the cytoplasm of the cell. This localization was unaffected by the presence of pre-S sequences in the antigen. Cell lines synthesizing hepatitis B antigens from core DNA fragments, containing or not containing precore sequences, secreted hepatitis B e antigen. However, the absence of precore DNA sequences resulted in additional synthesis of hepatitis core antigen, which was predominantly nuclear in localization.
Three-dimensional optical analysis of chest wall motion (1994)

A method for kinematic analysis of chest wall motion is presented, based on a television-image processor that allows a three-dimensional assessment of volume change of the trunk by automatically computing the coordinates of several passive markers placed on relevant landmarks of the thorax and abdomen. The parallel computation used for the image processing allows for a real time recognition of the passive markers with the necessary accuracy. A geometric model also allows the online computation of the contribution to the chest volume by the different parts. For this purpose, the model presented here is based on 54 tetrahedrons that can be grouped into 9 compartments and 3 sections representing 1) upper thorax (mainly reflecting the action of neck and parasternal muscles and the effect of pleural pressure), 2) lower thorax (mainly reflecting the action of diaphragm and the effect of pleural and abdominal pressure), and 3) abdomen (mainly reflecting the actions of diaphragm and abdominal muscles). By this model, the volume can also be split into three vertical sections pointing out asymmetries between the right and left sides. The method is noninvasive, nonionizing, and leaves the subject maximum freedom of movement during the test, thus being suitable for routine clinical analysis. The monitoring of the subject can be prolonged in time and can be performed in different postures: standing, sitting, and supine. The method was tested on 12 healthy subjects showing its good accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility.
Preparation of poly (D, L) lactide microspheres by emulsion–solvent evaporation, and their clinical applications as a convenient embolic material (1992)

The aim of preoperative embolization is to facilitate surgical removal by reducing tumor volume and vascularity, thereby decreasing blood loss during surgery. In a search for a better embolic material, compared to heterogeneous commercial products, we describe here in detail the preparation of poly (D,L) lactide microspheres by an emulsion-solvent evaporation process. The size distribution of the microparticles and their aggregation state--critical parameters in view of such application--have been investigated. Their effectiveness, as an embolic material, has been evaluated by some preliminary experiments undertaken on humans. The results were assessed on clinical and histological grounds.
A chemically defined medium for slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci (1991)

In a chemically defined medium in which the principal constituents were glucose, 18 amino acids, two purines and six vitamins, eight strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci grew as rapidly and heavily as in tryptic soy broth. Slime formation was slightly better in the defined medium than in tryptic soy broth.
Irinotecan in the first-line treatment of colorectal cancer. (1998)

Irinotecan (CPT-11 [Camptosar]) is currently approved for use as a second-line agent in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Phase II studies have also shown substantial single-agent activity of irinotecan in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Response rates appear to be similar to those seen with standard first-line regimens, although direct randomized comparisons have not yet been reported. In the absence of definitive data showing irinotecan to be superior, its routine use as a single agent in the first-line treatment of colorectal cancer may be hard to justify, given the significant cost differential between irinotecan and current standard first-line regimens. Studies exploring combinations of irinotecan with fluorouracil may identify a first-line role for these combination regimens. Also, use of specific molecular markers may permit the identification of selected patients with tumor characteristics that would specifically favor consideration of upfront irinotecan monotherapy.
Silencing of the Tapetum-Specific Zinc Finger Gene TAZ1 Causes Premature Degeneration of Tapetum and Pollen Abortion in Petunia (2002)

TAZ1 (TAPETUM DEVELOPMENT ZINC FINGER PROTEIN1; renamed from PEThy; ZPT3-2) cDNA was first isolated as an anther-specific cDNA from petunia. Here, we report a functional characterization that includes analysis of spatial and temporal expression profiles and examination of anther phenotypes in TAZ1-silenced plants. TAZ1 showed a biphasic expression pattern. In the premeiotic phase, TAZ1 transcripts were found to accumulate in all cell types of the anther except the tapetum and gametophytic tissues, whereas the postmeiotic phase of anther development was characterized by expression exclusively in the tapetum. Silencing of TAZ1 by cosuppression resulted in aberrant development and precocious degeneration of the tapetum, followed by extensive microspore abortion that started soon after their release from pollen tetrads. A few pollen grains that survived showed reduced flavonol accumulation, defects in pollen wall formation, and poor germination rates. This study demonstrates an essential role for TAZ1 in the postmeiotic phase of tapetum development.
A human tumor necrosis factor p75 receptor agonist stimulates in vitro T cell proliferation but does not produce inflammation or shock in the baboon. (1996)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a potentially useful adjunct to anticancer therapies. However, the clinical utility of TNF has been limited by generalized toxicity and hypotension. Recently, studies have begun to dissect the individual proinflammatory and immunologic responses that result from TNF binding to its two cellular receptors, p55 and p75, in an attempt to develop TNF receptor agonists with reduced systemic toxicity. To evaluate a p75 receptor selective TNF mutant (p75TNF), TNF and p75TNF were administered to healthy anesthetized baboons. Intravenous infusion of the p75TNF produced none of the hemodynamic changes seen after the infusion of TNF. Infusion of p75TNF also failed to induce the plasma appearance of interleukins 6 and 8. However, p75TNF enhanced in vitro baboon thymocyte proliferation to concanavalin A, and infusion of p75TNF resulted in increased soluble p55 and p75 receptor plasma concentrations. Local skin necrosis and tissue neutrophil infiltration were seen after subcutaneous injections of TNF and p55TNF. Subcutaneous injection of p75TNF did not result in skin necrosis but did result in a modest dermal infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages. The findings suggest that p75TNF may stimulate T cell proliferation without the systemic and local toxicity seen with TNF.
Fibrin sealants in supporting surgical techniques: the importance of individual components (2003)

Fibrin sealants have many different uses across a broad range of surgeries, where they have proved successful in controlling bleeding, providing suture support and tissue sealing. The action of all fibrin sealants depends on the thrombin-catalyzed formation of a fibrin clot. However, neither the purity nor the concentration of the main components of fibrin sealants (thrombin and fibrinogen) is uniform across all commercial products and this will affect performance. In addition, the optional inclusion of other components such as factor XIII and antiproteolytic inhibitors may also influence the quality of clot formation. Properties that vary among different fibrin sealants, such as the clotting rate, viscosity, adhesiveness, clot strength and resistance to proteolysis, are all-important considerations for the surgeon. The application of fibrin sealants in a very wide spectrum of surgical procedures means that some fibrin sealants may be more suitable for a particular procedure than others. One of the advantages of commercial fibrin sealants is that the high level of quality control ensures that their composition is extremely consistent between batches. On the other hand, blood bank-derived fibrin sealants may vary in their composition from one preparation to the next and hence be less predictable in their performance. This paper discusses how individual components contribute to the overall performance of fibrin sealants, thereby providing to the surgeon the necessary information to select the optimal fibrin sealant for a specific procedure.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (2007)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the spindle-shaped plastic-adherent cells isolated from BM, adipose, and other tissue sources, with multipotent differentiation capacity in vitro. However, whether MSCs truly qualify as stem cells is an area of some debate [1]. MSCs were first described by Friendenstein et al [2,3] as hematopoietic supportive cells of BM. They showed that MSCs could differentiate to bone in vitro and a subset of the cells had a high proliferative potential (CFU-F) when plated at low density in tissue culture [2,3].
The Nkx6.1 homeodomain transcription factor suppresses glucagon expression and regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islet beta cells (2005)

We have previously described rat insulinoma INS-1-derived cell lines with robust or poor glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In the current study, we have further resolved these lines into three classes: class 1, glucose-unresponsive/glucagon-expressing; class 2, glucose-unresponsive/glucagon-negative; and class 3, glucose-responsive/glucagon-negative. The transcription factor Nkx2.2 was expressed with relative abundance of 3.3, 1.0, and 1.0 in class 1, class 2, and class 3 cells, respectively, whereas Nkx6.1 expression had the opposite trend: 1.0, 2.6, and 6.4 in class 1, class 2, and class 3 cells, respectively. In class 1 cells, overexpressed Nkx6.1 suppressed glucagon expression but did not affect the levels of several other prominent beta cell transcription factors. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated suppression of Nkx6.1 in class 3 cells resulted in a doubling of glucagon mRNA, with no effect on Pdx1 levels, whereas suppression of Pdx1 in class 3 cells caused a 12-fold increase in glucagon transcript levels, demonstrating independent effects of Nkx6.1 and Pdx1 on glucagon expression in beta cell lines. RNAi-mediated suppression of Nkx6.1 expression in class 3 cells also caused a decrease in GSIS from 13.9- to 3.7-fold, whereas suppression of Pdx1 reduced absolute amounts of insulin secretion without affecting fold response. Finally, RNAi-mediated suppression of Nkx6.1 mRNA in primary rat islets was accompanied by a significant decrease in GSIS relative to control cells. In sum, our studies have revealed roles for Nkx6.1 in suppression of glucagon expression and control of GSIS in islet beta cells.
Online Domain Adaptation for Multi-Object Tracking (2015)

Automatically detecting, labeling, and tracking objects in videos depends first and foremost on accurate category-level object detectors. These might, however, not always be available in practice, as acquiring high-quality large scale labeled training datasets is either too costly or impractical for all possible real-world application scenarios. A scalable solution consists in re-using object detectors pre-trained on generic datasets. This work is the first to investigate the problem of on-line domain adaptation of object detectors for causal multi-object tracking (MOT). We propose to alleviate the dataset bias by adapting detectors from category to instances, and back: (i) we jointly learn all target models by adapting them from the pre-trained one, and (ii) we also adapt the pre-trained model on-line. We introduce an on-line multi-task learning algorithm to efficiently share parameters and reduce drift, while gradually improving recall. Our approach is applicable to any linear object detector, and we evaluate both cheap mini-Fisher Vectors and expensive off-the-shelf ConvNet features. We quantitatively measure the benefit of our domain adaptation strategy on the KITTI tracking benchmark and on a new dataset (PASCAL-to-KITTI) we introduce to study the domain mismatch problem in MOT.
Predictors of Sexual Desire and Sexual Function in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: The Role of Lean Mass Index and S-Klotho Plasma Levels. The FIT-AGEING Study (2020)

S-Klotho plasma levels were strongly associated with dyadic sexual desire, solitary sexual desire, and sexual function in sedentary middle-aged adults. The LMI was also positively associated with solitary sexual desire and sexual function in men and women, respectively. Dote-Montero M, De-la-O A, Castillo MJ, et al. Predictors of Sexual Desire and Sexual Function in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: The Role of Lean Mass Index and S-Klotho Plasma Levels. The FIT-AGEING Study. J Sex Med 2020;17:665-677.
The application of orthogonal designs to wireless communication (2002)

We introduce space-block coding, a new paradigm for transmission over Rayleigh fading channels using multiple transmit antennas. Data is encoded using a space-block code and the encoded data is split into n streams which are simultaneously transmitted using n transmit antennas. The received signal at each receive antenna is a linear superposition of the n transmitted signal perturbed by noise. Decoding is achieved in a simple way using the orthogonal structure of the space-block code and the maximum likelihood decoding algorithm is totally based on linear processing at the receiver. Space-block codes are designed to achieve the maximum diversity gain of transmit and receive antennas with the constraint of having a simple decoding algorithm. It is shown that the classical mathematical framework of orthogonal designs can be applied to construct channel codes which have a simple decoding algorithm, while providing the full spatial diversity order. Space-block codes constructed in this way only exist for few sporadic values of n and therefore there is a need for a new mathematical theory. We introduce the theory of generalized designs which provides codes for both real and complex constellations for any number of transmit antennas. Using this theory, we construct space-block codes that achieve the maximum possible transmission rate for any number of transmit antennas using any arbitrary real constellation such as PAM. For any arbitrary complex constellation such as PSK and QAM, we construct space-block codes that achieve half of the maximum possible transmission rate for any number of transmit antennas. For the specific cases of two, three and four transmit antennas, we provide space-block codes that achieve respectively the whole, 3/4 and 3/4 of maximum possible transmission rate using arbitrary complex constellations.
Vacuum ultraviolet emission from microwave plasmas of hydrogen and its mixtures with helium and oxygen (1994)

The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and ultraviolet (UV) emission (112 nm≤λ≤300 nm) from hydrogen-containing microwave plasmas have been investigated, in particular the influence of plasma parameters such as gas composition, pressure, and microwave power. Helium–hydrogen plasma emits a very intense hydrogen Lyman α radiation at 121.5 nm, which is up to 40 times more intense than other lines in the spectrum. Hydrogen–oxygen plasma displays an emission which, within a selected range of the plasma parameters, resembles the absorption of molecular oxygen. We briefly discuss the usefulness of these emissions for investigating the UV photochemistry of polymers.
Versatile Routes toward Functional, Water-Soluble Nanoparticles via Trifluoroethylester−PEG−Thiol Ligands (2006)

This paper reports the synthesis of a trifluoroethylester-PEG-thiol ligand (TFEE-PEG-SH) and its use to create water-soluble, chemically functional Au metal and FePt magnetic nanoparticles. The trifluoroethylester terminus facilitates attachment of any primary-amine-containing molecule via amide bond formation at room temperature without the use of coupling agents. Three possible routes of nanoparticle functionalization are demonstrated: synthesis of Au nanoparticles in the presence of functionalized R-PEG-SH; ligand-exchange of R-PEG-SH onto both Au and FePt nanoparticles; and exchange of TFEE-PEG-SH onto Au nanoparticles followed by subsequent amide condensation. A series of primary-amine-containing molecules, including biotin and fluorescamine, are easily attached to the water-soluble particles, and the resulting materials are characterized by NMR, UV-visible absorption, and emission spectroscopies.
Mitrecin A , an endolysin‐like bacteriolytic enzyme from a newly isolated soil streptomycete (2014)

The gene of a new protein antimicrobial, Mitrecin A, was discovered in the genome of a soil bacterium. The purified recombinant enzyme, resulting from heterologous over expression of the gene, was found to be tolerant of increased pH conditions and to have bacteriolytic activity against Gram-negative bacteria of the medically important genera Aeromonas, Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio and Yersinia. Characterization of enzymes such as Mitrecin A from previously uncharacterized bacteria provides potential options for new biocontrol agents in medically and economically important applications like therapeutics, disinfectants, food preservatives, agricultural livestock antimicrobials, and inhibitors of biofilm production.