gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-linkable Polymers Based on Dialkylfluorenes (1999)

We have prepared a series of cross-linkable oligo- and poly(dialkylfluorene)s by nickel(0)-mediated polymerization of 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dialkylfluorene (alkyl = n-hexyl) and 4-bromostyrene. The resulting fully soluble and processable, styryl-functionalized oligomers and polymers can be cross-linked via the vinyl end-groups by curing at 175−200 °C, consistent with the autopolymerization mechanism of styrene. These relatively mild conditions render the materials insoluble and enable multilayering of polymers in organic light emitting devices. At the same time, the electrical and/or optical properties of the cross-linked polymers are preserved and no deleterious species or undesirable byproducts are produced. Furthermore, the cross-linking allows control of the supramolecular ordering of the planarized rigid rod-type fluorene segments in the polymer backbone that leads to suppression of troublesome excimer/aggregate in the photo- and electrolumenescence.
Preemptibility in real-time operating systems (2003)

Real-time operating systems generally depend on some form of priority information for making scheduling decisions. Priorities may take the form of small integers or deadline times, for example, and the priorities indicate the preferred order for execution of the jobs. Unfortunately, most systems suffer from some degree of priority inversion where a high priority job must wait for a lower priority job to execute. The authors consider the nature of the nonpreemptible code sections, called critical sections or critical regions, which give rise to this priority inversion in the context of a soft real-time operating system where average response time for different priority classes is the primary performance metric. An analytical model is described which is used to illustrate how critical regions may affect the time-constrained jobs in a multimedia (soft real-time) task set.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Meso-meso Linked Diporphyrins from 5,10,15-Trisubstituted Porphyrins (1998)

Abstract Meso-meso coupled diporphyrins were prepared from 5,10,15-trisubstituted zinc-porphyrins in high yields upon treatment with AgPF6 alone or with AgPF6 and I2.
Phase II Clinical Trial of Interleukin-12 in Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Hodgkin’s Disease (2004)

The ability of recombinant human IL-12 therapy to increase the number of circulating CD8+ cells and induce clinical remissions in patients with relapsed NHL warrants further investigation of the drug.
Supply Voltage Adjustment Technique for Low Power Consumption and Its Application to SOCs with Multiple Threshold Voltage CMOS (2006)

An energy-saving system for SOCs using multiple threshold voltage CMOS was developed. It equips process sensors and process-voltage conversion table generated from static timing analysis results, and adjusts. The supply voltage according to die-to-die process variation. We applied this system to an embedded dual-core microprocessor using 90nm triple Threshold voltage CMOS technology. When the microprocessor executes video stream decoding program, 17% power reduction was measured with dies of typical process condition
Diagnostic protein biomarkers for severe, moderate and mild traumatic brain injury (2011)

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major problem in military and civilian medicine. Yet, there are no simple non-invasive diagnostics for TBI. Our goal is to develop and clinically validate blood-based biomarker assays for the diagnosis, prognosis and management of mild, moderate and severe TBI patients. These assays will ultimately be suitable for deployment to far-forward combat environments. Using a proteomic and systems biology approach, we identified over 20 candidate biomarkers for TBI and developed robust ELISAs for at least 6 candidate biomarkers, including Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase- L1 (UCH-L1), Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and a 145 kDa breakdown products of &#945;II-spectrin (SBDP 145) generated by calpain proteolysis. In a multi-center feasibility study (Biomarker Assessment For Neurotrauma Diagnosis And Improved Triage System (BANDITS), we analyzed CSF and blood samples from 101 adult patients with severe TBI [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) &le; 8] at 6 sites and analyzed 27 mild TBI patients and 5 moderate TBI patients [GCS 9-15] from 2 sites in a pilot study. We identified that serum levels of UCH-L1, GFAP and SBDP145 have strong diagnostic and prognostic properties for severe TBI over controls. Similarly initial post-TBI serum levels (&lt; 6 h) of UCH-L1 and GFAP have diagnostic characteristics for moderate and mild TBI. We are now furthering assay production, refining assay platforms (both benchtop and point-ofcare/ handheld) and planning a pivotal clinical study to seek FDA approval of these TBI diagnostic assays.
Functional Dissection of a Human Dr1-DRAP1 Repressor Complex (1997)

The heterotetrameric Dr1-DRAP1 transcriptional repressor complex was functionally dissected. Dr1 was found to contain two domains required for repression of transcription. The tethering domain interacts with the TATA box binding protein and directs the repressor complex to the promoter. This tethering domain can be replaced by a domain conferring sequence-specific recognition to the repressor complex. In the absence of the tethering domain, Dr1 interacts with its corepressor DRAP1, but this interaction is not functional. The enhancement of Dr1-mediated repression of transcription by DRAP1 requires the tethering domain. The second domain of Dr1 is the repression domain, which is glutamine-alanine rich. A 65-amino-acid polypeptide containing the repression domain fused to the Ga14 DNA binding domain repressed transcription when directed to TATA-containing and TATA-less promoters. This repression domain was also found to functionally and directly interact with the TATA box binding protein.
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS3 transforms NIH 3T3 cells (1995)

Clinical evidence suggests that hepatitis C virus (HCV) is etiologically involved in hepatic cancer and liver cirrhosis. To investigate whether the HCV nonstructural protein NS3 has oncogenic activity, NIH 3T3 cells were transfected with an expression vector containing cDNA for the 5'- or 3'-half sequence of the HCV genome segment encoding NS3. Only cells transfected with the 5'-half cDNA rapidly proliferated, lost contact inhibition, grew anchorage independently in soft agar, and formed tumors in nude mice. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the 5'-half DNA in the transfectants. These results suggest that the 5' region of the HCV genome segment encoding NS3 is involved in cell transformation.
Bromodomain 4 activation predicts breast cancer survival (2008)

Previous work identified the Rap1 GTPase-activating protein Sipa1 as a germ-line-encoded metastasis modifier. The bromodomain protein Brd4 physically interacts with and modulates the enzymatic activity of Sipa1. In vitro analysis of a highly metastatic mouse mammary tumor cell line ectopically expressing Brd4 demonstrates significant reduction of invasiveness without altering intrinsic growth rate. However, a dramatic reduction of tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis was observed after s.c. implantation into mice, implying that activation of Brd4 may somehow be manipulating response to tumor microenvironment in the in vivo setting. Further in vitro analysis shows that Brd4 modulates extracellular matrix gene expression, a class of genes frequently present in metastasis-predictive gene signatures. Microarray analysis of the mammary tumor cell lines identified a Brd4 activation signature that robustly predicted progression and/or survival in multiple human breast cancer datasets analyzed on different microarray platforms. Intriguingly, the Brd4 signature also almost perfectly matches a molecular classifier of low-grade tumors. Taken together, these data suggest that dysregulation of Brd4-associated pathways may play an important role in breast cancer progression and underlies multiple common prognostic signatures.
Improved large scale culture of Methylophilus methylotrophus for 13C/15N labeling and random fractional deuteration of ribonucleotides (1996)

Isotopic labeling of RNA with 13 C and 15 N has become a routine procedure in structural studies by NMR spectroscopy. The methodology in this paper describes the random fractional deuteration of RNA using the obligate methylotropic bacterium, Methylophilus methylotrophus. This bacterium was grown using a non-deuterated carbon source in 52:48 D 2 O/H 2 O and we have shown that all protons in the ribonucleotides except for the ribose H1 become 52% randomly fractionally deuterated. Improved growth conditions for this organism are also described that yield higher cell densities in liquid culture, which is applicable for all labeling procedures.
Quantized Phase Effect and Josephson Tunneling (1968)

By using properly defined sine and cosine phase variables, a model is proposed which yields a rigorous quantum-mechanical derivation of Josephson tunneling with exact current eigenstates. The model predicts that for dc tunneling the coherent fluids on both sides of the junction must be in the same state, and the "phase is quantized." This prediction can in principle be investigated experimentally, and may afford a fundamental test of quantum mechanics.
Basis for Selection of Anticoagulant Drugs for Therapeutic Trials in Human Malignancy (1986)

Evidence indicates that progression of the Lewis lung carcinoma in mice and small cell carcinoma of the lung in humans is retarded by warfarin administration. This suggests that vitamin K-dependent pathways are of importance in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Available data were reviewed for these tumor types in an attempt to explore mechanisms and to gain insights that might guide the selection of other coagulation-reactive drugs for testing in future controlled clinical trials in small cell carcinoma of the lung. While many differences exist between the Lewis lung tumor and small cell carcinoma of the lung, both are rapidly growing malignancies of pulmonary origin that metastasize early to kill the host after a short time. Both are favorably influenced by combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as anticoagulant treatment. Peripheral blood changes indicative of disseminated intravascular coagulation occur in each of these tumor types, and tumor cells from both are capable of interacting with the coagulation mechanism. While many details concerning the host-tumor interaction remain to be elucidated, the considerable and diverse information available for these tumor types provides a secure base for future investigation. It is postulated that certain drugs in addition to warfarin might reasonably be studied in controlled clinical trials of small cell carcinoma of the lung and that drugs other than warfarin might be effective for tumor types that are not responsive to this agent.
Exosomal Secretion of Cytoplasmic Prostate Cancer Xenograft-derived Proteins (2009)

Novel markers for prostate cancer (PCa) are needed because current established markers such as prostate-specific antigen lack diagnostic specificity and prognostic value. Proteomics analysis of serum from mice grafted with human PCa xenografts resulted in the identification of 44 tumor-derived proteins. Besides secreted proteins we identified several cytoplasmic proteins, among which were most subunits of the proteasome. Native gel electrophoresis and sandwich ELISA showed that these subunits are present as proteasome complexes in the serum from xenograft-bearing mice. We hypothesized that the presence of proteasome subunits and other cytoplasmic proteins in serum of xenografted mice could be explained by the secretion of small vesicles by cancer cells, so-called exosomes. Therefore, mass spectrometry and Western blotting analyses of the protein content of exosomes isolated from PCa cell lines was performed. This resulted in the identification of mainly cytoplasmic proteins of which several had previously been identified in the serum of xenografted mice, including proteasome subunits. The isolated exosomes also contained RNA, including the gene fusion TMPRSS2-ERG product. These observations suggest that although their function is not clearly defined cancer-derived exosomes offer possibilities for the identification of novel biomarkers for PCa.
Taurine Nutrition (1988)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Classical Flt3L-dependent dendritic cells control immunity to protein vaccine (2014)

DCs are critical for initiating immunity. The current paradigm in vaccine biology is that DCs migrating from peripheral tissue and classical lymphoid-resident DCs (cDCs) cooperate in the draining LNs to initiate priming and proliferation of T cells. Here, we observe subcutaneous immunity is Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) dependent. Flt3L is rapidly secreted after immunization; Flt3 deletion reduces T cell responses by 50%. Flt3L enhances global T cell and humoral immunity as well as both the numbers and antigen capture capacity of migratory DCs (migDCs) and LN-resident cDCs. Surprisingly, however, we find immunity is controlled by cDCs and actively tempered in vivo by migDCs. Deletion of Langerin(+) DC or blockade of DC migration improves immunity. Consistent with an immune-regulatory role, transcriptomic analyses reveals different skin migDC subsets in both mouse and human cluster together, and share immune-suppressing gene expression and regulatory pathways. These data reveal that protective immunity to protein vaccines is controlled by Flt3L-dependent, LN-resident cDCs.
Phospholipase C Activation by Endothelin-1 and Noradrenaline in Isolated Penile Erectile Tissue from Rabbit (1992)

The effects of endothelin-1 and noradrenaline on phospholipase C activity in the rabbit isolated corpus cavernosum were investigated by measuring the accumulation of inositol phosphates. Both endothelin-1 and noradrenaline caused a time- and concentration-dependent increase in the accumulation of 3H-inositol phosphates in preparations prelabelled with 3H-myo-inositol. The reaction was slow in onset with no significant accumulation of 3H-inositol phosphates, including inositol trisphosphate, demonstrable during the first 15 minutes. At 60 minutes, the mean increases in 3H-inositol inositol phosphates induced by 3 x 10(-7) M endothelin-1 and 10(-3) M noradrenaline amounted to 341 and 530% of time-matched controls, respectively. However, when given at concentrations having the same contractile amplitude on rabbit corpus cavernosum, there was no difference in the amounts of 3H-inositol phosphates generated by endothelin-1 and noradrenaline. Prazosin (10(-6) M) significantly inhibited the stimulatory effect of noradrenaline on phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Pretreatment with 10(-6) M nimodipine did not reduce the increases in 3H-inositol phosphates induced by 3 x 10(-7) M endothelin-1 and 10(-3)M noradrenaline. Also in Ca(2+)-free medium, both agonists had significant stimulatory effects on phosphoinositide turnover, although under this condition, the responses were greatly reduced. The results suggest that exogenous endothelin-1 and noradrenaline activate phospholipase C in corpus cavernosum, and that this mechanism is partly independent of extracellular Ca2+. Considering the slow onset of action, phospholipase C activation is probably not directly involved in rapid contractile events, but may be of importance in the long-term regulation of penile smooth muscle tone.
Auf das Zentralnervensystem wirkende Substanzen, XXXVI. Weitere Untersuchungen über die 2‐substituierten Azetidine (1964)

Abstract 4‐Substituierte Azetidinone‐(2) (III) werden aus β‐substituierten β‐Amino‐propionsäureestern (II) durch Cyclisierung mittels G RIGNARD ‐Reagenz dargestellt. Durch Reduktion von III it LiAIH 4 wurde 2‐n‐Propyl‐azetidin, 2.2‐Diäthylazetidin, und 2‐Äthyl‐2‐phenyl‐azetidin dargestellt; teilweise tritt hierbei Ringspaltung unter Bildung von 3‐Amino‐propanolen‐(1) auf. –‐Äthyl‐2‐phenyl‐1‐propionyl‐azetidin ist thermisch unbeständig und wandelt sich leicht in N ‐[3‐ Phenyl‐penten‐(3)‐yl]‐propionamid um.
Measurement of 5′‐methylthioadenosine in patients with neoplasms (1990)

The amount of polyamines in urine from patients with various neoplasms is larger than in normal subjects. We have determined the concentration of 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a by-product of the polyamine biosynthesis, in patients with malignancies as well as normal subjects. Our studies indicate that the amount of MTA in urine from patients with leukemias and malignant lymphomas was higher than in normal subjects (p less than 0.005). Urine samples from patients with other malignancies contained normal amounts of MTA. The levels of blood MTA in patients with leukemias before treatment or in relapse was higher than in control subjects (p less than 0.005), while in patients with other malignancies and leukemia in remission, the levels were not different from control subjects. Peripheral blood MTA levels clearly decreased after effective chemotherapy. The measurement of MTA levels in urine and blood may not be as useful as polyamine assays for the detection of malignancies, but blood levels of MTA may be useful as an indicator of the efficacy of chemotherapy in leukemic patients.
Positive Effect of Overexpressed Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase PTP1C on Mitogen-activated Signaling in 293 Cells (1996)

PTP1C, an SH2 domain-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase, is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, in which it negatively regulates cellular signaling. However, this enzyme is also expressed in many non-hematopoietic cells. We demonstrate here that in non-hematopoietic 293 cells, overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant of PTP1C strongly suppressed the stimulatory effects of the epidermal growth factor or serum on cell proliferation, early gene transcription, and DNA synthesis. Similarly, the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase activity was markedly inhibited by overexpression of mutant PTP1C. The inhibitory effect of mutant PTP1C was overcome by cotransfection with wild-type PTP1C, but not with the structurally related PTP2C. Furthermore, expression of the mutant phosphatase resulted in hyperphosphorylation on tyrosine of a 95-kDa protein that was co-immunoprecipitated with the mutant, but not with the wild-type protein. These results suggest that, unlike in hematopoietic cells, PTP1C in 293 cells plays a positive role in epidermal growth factor- or serum-activated mitogenesis. Thus, PTP1C participates in multiple signaling pathways, where the enzyme, depending on its target molecules, may function as either a positive or negative mediator.
SOS1, a Genetic Locus Essential for Salt Tolerance and Potassium Acquisition (1996)

To begin to determine which genes are essential for salt tolerance in higher plants, we identified four salt-hypersensitive mutants of Arabidopsis by using a root-bending assay on NaCI-containing agar plates.These mutants (sosl-7, sosl-2, sosl-3, and sosl-4) are allelic to each other and were caused by single recessive nuclear mutations.The SOSl gene was mapped to chromosome 2 at 29.5 f 6.1 centimorgans.The mutants showed no phenotypic changes except that their growth was >20 times more sensitive to inhibition by NaCI.Salt hypersensitivity is a basic cellular trait exhibited by the mutants at all developmental stages.The sosl mutants are specifically hypersensitive to Na+ and Li+.The mutants were unable to grow on media containing low levels (below 4 mM) of potassium.Uptake experiments using B6Rb showed that sosl mutants are defective in high-affinity potassium uptake.sosl plants became deficient in potassium when treated with NaCI.The results demonstrate that potassium acquisition is a critical process for salt tolerance in glycophytic plants.
Review: Photopolymerizable and Degradable Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications (2007)

Photopolymerizable and degradable biomaterials are finding widespread application in the field of tissue engineering for the engineering of tissues such as bone, cartilage, and liver. The spatial and temporal control afforded by photoinitiated polymerizations has allowed for the development of injectable materials that can deliver cells and growth factors, as well as for the fabrication of scaffolding with complex structures. The materials developed for these applications range from entirely synthetic polymers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol)) to purely natural polymers (e.g., hyaluronic acid) that are modified with photoreactive groups, with degradation based on the hydrolytic or enzymatic degradation of bonds in the polymer backbone or crosslinks. The degradation behavior also ranges from purely bulk to entirely surface degrading, based on the nature of the backbone chemistry and type of degradable units. The mechanical properties of these polymers are primarily based on factors such as the network crosslinking density and polymer concentration. As we better understand biological features necessary to control cellular behavior, smarter materials are being developed that can incorporate and mimic many of these factors.
[Study of the cultured human endothelial cells infected by epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus]. (1992)

Virus antigen could be detected in the cytoplasm of infected human endothelial cells (HEC) by immunofluorescent assay (IFA) 2 to 10 days after the inoculation of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (EHFV), but no apparent histologic changes could be found by phase contrast light microscopy, as well as no mature virus particles could be detected under the transmission electron microscope. Reinoculation of the freeze-melt supernatant of HEC 8 days after the inoculation of EHFV to EHFV susceptible Vero E-6 cells, viral antigen could be detected in most of these cells and mature EHFV particles or viral inclusion bodies could also be obtained in the cytoplasm under transmission electron microscope. The results show that HEC is a susceptible target cell to EHFV and infection by this virus may not give apparent cytopathogenic effect in HEC.
Integrating Corporate Risk Management (2001)

Part I The Foundations 1. Everyone is a risk manager 2. The conventional approach to risk management 3. Integrating risk management and capital management 4. Risk mapping Part II The Tools 5. Converging markets and integrated solutions 6. Multi-line and multi-trigger products 7. Finite risk reinsurance 8. Run-off solutions 9. Contingent capital 10. Insurance-linked securities 11. Weather risk management Part III The Future 12. Global outlook 13. Prospects and challenges 14. Migrating to the new environment