gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Method for the Synthesis of Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes: Synthesis of New Near-Infrared Fluorescent Labels (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Method for the Synthesis of Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes: Synthesis of New Near-Infrared Fluorescent LabelsNarasimhachari Narayanan and Gabor PatonayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 8, 2391–2395Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00113a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views5309Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (543 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
50-GHz repetition-rate, 280-fs pulse generation at 100-mW average power from a mode-locked laser diode externally compressed in a pedestal-free pulse compressor (2002)

280-fs pedestal-free pulses are generated at average output powers exceeding 100 mW at a repetition rate of 50 GHz by compression of the output of a mode-locked laser diode (MLLD) by use of a pedestal-free pulse compressor (PFPC). The MLLD consists of a monolithically integrated chirped distributed Bragg reflector, a gain section, and an electroabsorption modulator. The PFPC is composed of a dispersion-flattened dispersion-decreasing fiber and a dispersion-flattened dispersion-imbalanced nonlinear optical loop mirror. Frequency modulation for linewidth broadening is used to overcome the power limitation imposed by stimulated Brillouin scattering.
The incorporation and release of bovine serum albumin from poly(β-hydroxybutyratehydroxyvalerate) microspheres (1996)

Spherical microporous matrix type microspheres composed of 330 kD P(HB-HV) (10.8% HV) 20%PCL II containing a range of %BSA loadings have been fabricated using a single emulsion technique with solvent evaporation. Microspheres were generated in high yield (> 75%) and the percentage incorporation of BSA had no significant effect on microsphere size distribution, typically 6-50 microns in diameter with a mean of 26.28 +/- 2.34 microns, n = 25, for 20% BSA loaded microspheres. The loss of BSA both by partitioning into the aqueous continuous phase and through micropores generated during the precipitation of the fabrication polymer concomitant with solvent evaporation resulted in a low encapsulation efficiency (< 15%). When the total cumulative release of BSA was expressed as a percentage of the actual total BSA incorporated, BSA release was only marginally influenced by the theoretical percentage loading suggesting that the amount and duration of BSA release in vitro was initially influenced as much by micropore number and diameter as by the extent of matrix BSA loading and detectable levels of BSA release could be monitored for up to 24 days.
Antibodies with specificity to native gp120 and neutralization activity against primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates elicited by immunization with oligomeric gp160 (1997)

Current human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope vaccine candidates elicit high antibody binding titers with neutralizing activity against T-cell line-adapted but not primary HIV-1 isolates. Serum antibodies from these human vaccine recipients were also found to be preferentially directed to linear epitopes within gp120 that are poorly exposed on native gp120. Systemic immunization of rabbits with an affinity-purified oligomeric gp160 protein formulated with either Alhydrogel or monophosphoryl lipid A-containing adjuvants resulted in the induction of high-titered serum antibodies that preferentially bound epitopes exposed on native forms of gp120 and gp160, recognized a restricted number of linear epitopes, efficiently bound heterologous strains of monomeric gp120 and cell surface-expressed oligomeric gp120/gp41, and neutralized several strains of T-cell line-adapted HIV-1. Additionally, those immune sera with the highest oligomeric gp160 antibody binding titers had neutralizing activity against some primary HIV-1 isolates, using phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell targets. Induction of an antibody response preferentially reactive with natively folded gp120/gp160 was dependent on the tertiary structure of the HIV-1 envelope immunogen as well as its adjuvant formulation, route of administration, and number of immunizations administered. These studies demonstrate the capacity of a soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein vaccine to elicit an antibody response capable of neutralizing primary HIV-1 isolates.
Neoplastic Transformation Induced by Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Overexpression Requires an Interaction with Both Grb2 and Syp Signaling Molecules (1996)

The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the major intracellular substrate of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor tyrosine kinase activity, and this protein has been found to be overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinomas. IRS-1 contains several src homology 2 (SH2) binding motifs that interact following tyrosyl phosphorylation with SH2-containing proteins, and this interaction may be essential for transmitting the growth signal from the cell surface to the nucleus. We have previously reported that overexpression of IRS-1 may induce neoplastic transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. This study examines the role of two SH2-containing molecules, namely the Grb2 adapter and Syp tyrosine phosphatase proteins as important components of the cellular transforming activity of IRS-1. Mutations of tyrosine 897 in the YVNI motif (Y897F) and of tyrosine 1180 in the YIDL motif (Y1180F) reduced the intracellular interaction of IRS-1 with Grb2 and Syp proteins, respectively. Furthermore, a single mutation at either Phe-897 or Phe-1180 substantially but not completely reduced IGF-I-dependent transforming activity of IRS-1, whereas creation of a double mutation of both tyrosine residues (Y897F/Y1180F) strikingly attenuated the transforming activity of IRS-1. Stable expression of the IRS-1 mutant constructs in NIH 3T3 cells was associated with a lower level of activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK)/MAPK cascade following IGF-I stimulation compared with cells stably transfected with the "wild-type" IRS-1 gene. These results suggest that IRS-1-induced cellular transformation requires an interaction with both Grb2 and Syp signal transduction molecules since neither interaction alone appears to be required, and this event subsequently leads to activation of the MAPKK/MAPK cascade.
Memoir: Practical State Continuity for Protected Modules (2011)

To protect computation, a security architecture must safeguard not only the software that performs it but also the state on which the software operates. This requires more than just preserving state confidentiality and integrity, since, e.g., software may err if its state is rolled back to a correct but stale version. For this reason, we present Memoir, the first system that fully ensures the continuity of a protected software module's state. In other words, it ensures that a module's state remains persistently and completely inviolate. A key contribution of Memoir is a technique to ensure rollback resistance without making the system vulnerable to system crashes. It does this by using a deterministic module, storing a concise summary of the module's request history in protected NVRAM, and allowing only safe request replays after crashes. Since frequent NVRAM writes are impractical on modern hardware, we present a novel way to leverage limited trusted hardware to minimize such writes. To ensure the correctness of our design, we develop formal, machine-verified proofs of safety. To demonstrate Memoir's practicality, we have built it and conducted evaluations demonstrating that it achieves reasonable performance on real hardware. Furthermore, by building three useful Memoir-protected modules that rely critically on state continuity, we demonstrate Memoir's versatility.
Elevated Serum B-Lymphocyte Stimulator Levels in Patients With Familial Lymphoproliferative Disorders (2006)

Our data suggest serum BLyS levels are elevated in patients with familial B-CLL and that elevated BLyS levels correlate with the presence of a T at -871 in the BLyS promoter.
Triangular Profile Imprint Molds in Nanograting Fabrication (2004)

We have developed a technique based on nanoimprint lithography for the fabrication of nanogratings with controllable line widths and smooth edges. A wet chemical etching process is employed during mold preparation to achieve smooth line edges and a triangle-shaped grating profile. Oblique angle coating (shadow evaporation) of the imprinted resist pattern determines the grating line width. Grating duty cycles can be easily tuned from 30% to 70% of the grating period by simply changing the angle of incidence for shadow evaporation. This technique also enables us to fabricate gratings with highly smooth edges that are not easily achievable by other fabrication methods.
Foot pain in community-dwelling older people: an evaluation of the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (2006)

These findings confirm the high prevalence of disabling foot pain in older people, and suggest that the MFPDI is a suitable tool for assessing foot pain in this population.
Improving the efficiency of Sammon's nonlinear mapping by using clustering archetypes (1978)

Sammon&apos;s nonlinear mapping technique is discussed and certain inefficiencies are highlighted. It is shown how the algorithm can be streamlined by using appropriately chosen cluster archetypes. This results in reductions in storage requirements and in execution time, the latter by at least an order of magnitude.
CollaboraTV (2008)

With the advent of video-on-demand services and digital video recorders, the way in which we consume media is undergoing a fundamental change. People today are less likely to watch shows at the same time, let alone the same place. As a result, television viewing, which was once a social activity, has been reduced to a passive and isolated experience. To study this issue, we developed a system called CollaboraTV and demonstrated its ability to support the communal viewing experience through a month-long field study. Our study shows that users understand and appreciate the utility of asynchronous interaction, are enthusiastic about CollaboraTV's engaging social communication primitives and value implicit show recommendations from friends. Our results both provide a compelling demonstration of a social television system and raise new challenges for social television communication modalities.
Dryland forestry: planning and management (1995)

Partial table of contents: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF DRYLAND REGIONS. Livestock Production and Management of Grazing Lands. Watersheds and Management of Water Resources. Forestry. Investment, Employment, Income Generation. PLANNING AND ASSESSING FORESTRY PROJECTS, MULTIPLE USE MANAGEMENT. Planning. Assessing Forestry Projects. TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS. Nursery Operations and Improvement of Planting Stock. Irrigated Forest Plantations. SPECIAL TOPICS. Fuelwood Production. Agroforestry. Soil Erosion and Control Measures. IMPLEMENTING AND SUPPORTING ACTIVITIES. Involvement of Rural People. Forestry Extension Programs. Appendices. Index.
Towards a Fully Synthetic MUC1‐Based Anticancer Vaccine: Efficient Conjugation of Glycopeptides with Mono‐, Di‐, and Tetravalent Lipopeptides Using Click Chemistry (2011)

The membrane-bound tumor-associated glycoprotein MUC1 is aberrantly glycosylated in cancer cells compared with normal cells, and is therefore considered an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. However, tumor-associated glycopeptides from MUC1 do not elicit a sufficiently robust immune response. Therefore, antitumor vaccines were developed, which consist of MUC1 glycopeptides as the B epitopes and immune-stimulating toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2) lipopeptide ligands. These fully synthetic vaccine candidates were prepared by solid-phase synthesis of the MUC1 glycopeptides. The Pam(3) Cys lipopeptide, also synthesized on solid-phase, was C-terminally coupled to oligovalent lysine cores, which N-terminally incorporate O-propargyl oligoethylene glycol acyl side chains. The MUC1 glycopeptides and lipopeptide lysine constructs were then conjugated by click chemistry to give oligovalent synthetic vaccines. Oligovalent glycopeptide-lipopeptide conjugates are considered more immunogenic than their monovalent analogues.
Heterogeneity of Monoclonal Antibodies Revealed by Charge-Sensitive Methods (2008)

The expanding field of monoclonal antibody-based pharmaceuticals has triggered increased interest in analytical characterization of these large proteins and in understanding of their heterogeneity and degradation pathways. As a result, a large number of enzymatic modifications as well as chemical and physical degradations have been reported in monoclonal antibodies in recent years. Most heterogeneity is related to changes in the surface charge of the antibody, either directly, as a change in the number of charged residues, or indirectly as a chemical or physical alteration that changes surface-charge distribution. This review presents an overview of the sources of charge-related heterogeneity in monoclonal antibodies and the methods used for their detection. A detailed section is dedicated to deamidation of asparagine and isomerization of aspartic acid residues, two ubiquitous degradation pathways detected in antibodies and other proteins as well. Finally, kinetic modeling of the accumulation of antibody variants is presented as a tool to determine the expected fraction of molecules that have undergone one or more degradation reactions.
Selenium compounds regulate p53 by common and distinctive mechanisms. (2004)

Selenium compounds show much promise in the prevention of prostate and other human cancers. Various selenium chemical forms have been shown to differ widely in their anticancer properties. The main dietary form is selenomethionine, which we showed modulated p53 activity by causing redox regulation of key p53 cysteine residues. In the current study we included other selenium chemical forms, sodium selenite and methyl-seleninic acid. All three forms are relevant selenium sources in human populations. All three forms can affect p53 activity defined as trans-activation of a p53-dependent reporter gene. In addition to the reduction of cysteine sulfhydryl groups, p53 phosphorylation was also affected in cells treated with selenium compounds. Methyl-seleninic acid caused phosphorylation of one or more p53 threonine residues, but did not affect any known serine phosphorylation sites. By contrast sodium selenite caused phosphorylation of p53 serines 20, 37 and 46 known to mediate apoptosis. Selenomethionine did not cause detectable phosphorylation of p53 serines or threonines. Our data show that, although p53 modulation may be a common denominator of selenium compounds, specific mechanisms of p53 activation differ among selenium chemical forms. Post-translational modifications of p53 are determinants of p53 activity and probably affect the threshold for p53-mediated functions. Different selenium chemical forms may differentially modify p53 for DNA repair or apoptosis in conjunction with a given level of endogenous or exogenous DNA damage.
Survey of the Influence of Mississippi School Library Programs on Academic Achievement (2003)

Abstract This article describes recent curricular changes being made to the Educational Administration program at the University of Southern Mississippi to include information regarding the value of quality school library programs and the effective management of such programs. Faculty involved in the course changes are also conducting a two-part study to determine the current status of public school libraries in Mississippi, their impact on academic achievement, and how the perceptions of teachers, principals and librarians shape the function and use of those libraries. The results of the first phase of the study are described.
Three-periodic nets and tilings: edge-transitive binodal structures (2006)

28 three-periodic nets with two kinds of vertex and one kind of edge are identified. Some of their crystallographic properties and their natural tilings are described. Restrictions on site symmetry and coordination number of such nets are discussed and examples of their occurrence in crystal structures are given.
Intestinal absorption of magnesium from food and supplements. (1991)

The purpose of this study was to measure magnesium absorption over the wide range of intakes to which the intestine may be exposed from food and/or magnesium-containing medications. Net magnesium absorption was measured in normal subjects after they ingested a standard meal supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mEq of magnesium acetate. Although absorption increased with each increment in intake, fractional magnesium absorption fell progressively (from 65% at the lowest to 11% at the highest intake) so that absorption as a function of intake was curvilinear. This absorption-intake relationship was almost perfectly represented by an equation containing a hyperbolic function plus a linear function. Our results are statistically compatible with a magnesium absorption process that simultaneously uses a mechanism that reaches an absorptive maximum, plus a mechanism that endlessly absorbs a defined fraction (7%) of ingested magnesium. Compared to previous studies of calcium absorption, much less magnesium that calcium was absorbed at intakes above 8 mEq/meal, apparently due to greater restriction of intestinal permeability to magnesium. We also found that magnesium from a high magnesium-containing food source, almonds, was just as bioavailable as from soluble magnesium acetate. In contrast, magnesium absorption from commercially available enteric-coated magnesium chloride was much less than from magnesium acetate, suggesting that enteric coating can impair magnesium bioavailability.
Ten‐year follow‐up in a maxillary sinus augmentation using anorganic bovine bone (Bio‐Oss). A case report with histomorphometric evaluation (2003)

Several bone grafting materials have been used in sinus augmentation procedures. Bio-Oss (deproteinized and sterilized bovine bone) has shown to have osteoconductive properties and no inflammatory or adverse responses have been published. In spite of these successful results, histologic data regarding bone augmentation using Bio-Oss in humans is scarce. The purpose of this study was to analyse the amount of Bio-Oss ossification in a case of maxillary sinus augmentation, recording and comparing histomorphometric data 8 months, 2 and 10 years after surgery. This long-term histologic evaluation of retrieved specimens has been performed, comparing histomorfometric measures at different times. Eight months after surgery we observed in 20 different thin sections of the specimen a mean amount of bone tissue (including medullar spaces) of 29.8% (and 70.2% of Bio-Oss) +/- 2.6. At 2 years the bone tissue increased to 69.7% + 2.7 and 10 years after surgery it was 86.7% +/- 2.8. The comparison of the means for each time has shown a highly significant increasing trend in bone formation associated with Bio-oss resorption: at 8 months, 2 and 10 years.
Structural Map of a MicroRNA-122:Hepatitis C Virus Complex (2011)

MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) enhances hepatitis C virus (HCV) fitness via targeting two sites in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of HCV. We used selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension to resolve the HCV 5'-UTR's RNA secondary structure in the presence of miR-122. Nearly all nucleotides in miR-122 are involved in targeting the second site, beyond classic seed base pairings. These additional interactions enhance HCV replication in cell culture. To our knowledge, this is the first biophysical study of this complex to reveal the importance of 'tail' miR-122 nucleotide interactions.
Epithelial differentiation of metanephric mesenchymal cells after stimulation with hepatocyte growth factor or embryonic spinal cord. (1994)

Mammalian kidney emerges from metanephric mesenchyme following the insertion of a migrating ureteric bud. The pattern morphology of mesenchymal specialization during tubular segmentation is remarkably complex, and the relative contribution of pattern gradients from the microenvironment versus the instructive role of individual cells is not known. We have started to examine the differentiation of metanephric mesenchyme using cultures of metanephric ridge (MMR) cells from day 13.5 mouse embryos to investigate the conversion of mesenchyme toward kidney epithelium in vitro. One of our mesenchymal clones, MMR1, expresses little Pax2, uvomorulin, or cytokeratin but does express neural cell adhesion molecule, bc12, and desmin; these are properties consistent with an early stem cell. Coculture of MMR1 cells with embryonic spinal cord leads to the induction of a more differentiated cell phenotype characterized by decreased expression of neural cell adhesion molecule, the appearance of uvomorulin, and the emergence of cytokeratin, all consistent with an evolution toward epithelium. We were also able to detect the hepatocyte growth factor receptor c-met on MMR1 cells by indirect immunofluorescence. When MMR1 cells were stimulated with hepatocyte growth factor, neural cell adhesion molecule expression decreased and uvomorulin appeared. This effect of hepatocyte growth factor, as a single cytokine, may be important in the early assemblage of kidney, since we were able to detect mRNA transcripts encoding c-met from mouse embryo metanephric kidneys.
Distinct patterns of brain activity in young carriers of the APOE -ε4 allele (2009)

The APOE epsilon4 allele is a risk factor for late-life pathological changes that is also associated with anatomical and functional brain changes in middle-aged and elderly healthy subjects. We investigated structural and functional effects of the APOE polymorphism in 18 young healthy APOE epsilon4-carriers and 18 matched noncarriers (age range: 20-35 years). Brain activity was studied both at rest and during an encoding memory paradigm using blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI. Resting fMRI revealed increased "default mode network" (involving retrosplenial, medial temporal, and medial-prefrontal cortical areas) coactivation in epsilon4-carriers relative to noncarriers. The encoding task produced greater hippocampal activation in epsilon4-carriers relative to noncarriers. Neither result could be explained by differences in memory performance, brain morphology, or resting cerebral blood flow. The APOE epsilon4 allele modulates brain function decades before any clinical or neurophysiological expression of neurodegenerative processes.