gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aging, exercise, and extracellular matrix in the heart (2013)

Aging is characterized by a progressive impairment of (a) cardiac structure including fibrosis and cardiomyocyte density, and (b) cardiac function including stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output. The cardiac remodeling involves loss of cardiac myocytes, reactive hypertrophy of the remaining cells, and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibrosis in the aging heart, especially left ventricles. Fibrosis (i.e., accumulation of collagen) with aging is very critical in impairing cardiac function associated with increased myocardial stiffness. The balance of ECM remodeling via ECM synthesis and degradation is essential for normal cardiac structure and function. Thus an understanding of upstream ECM regulatory factors such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and myofibroblasts is necessary for gaining new insights into managing cardiac remodeling and dysfunction with aging. In contrast, exercise training effectively improves cardiac function in both young and older individuals. Exercise training also improves maximal cardiovascular function by increasing stroke volume and cardiac output. However, limited data indicate that exercise training might attenuate collagen content and remodeling in the aging heart. We recently found that 12 weeks of exercise training protected against geometric changes of collagen ECM in the aging heart and ameliorated age-associated dysregulation of ECM in the heart, as indicated by up-regulation of active MMPs as well as down-regulation of TIMPs and TGF-β. This review will provide a summary and discussion of aging and exercise effects on fibrosis and upstream regulators of ECM in the heart.
The SPEx Shell: An Approach to Automating Application and Sales Engineering Processes (1992)

Abstract We define the semi-custom manufacturing business as one in which the product is custom configured from pre-designed components to fit the specific requirements of each customer. Application Engineering is an engineering process of crucial importance in a semi-custom manufacturing business. This process deserves increased automation efforts. The cost and risk of such automation can be significantly reduced by using a shell software which has most of the necessary facilities already built-in. We outline how these facilities are integrated in the SPEx shell. SPEx (Shell for Product Expertise) is a reusable shell software designed to meet the needs of a wide range of product configuration and specification applications. We describe our experience with an Application Engineering automation application built using the SPEx technology.
Transplantable immunoglobulin-secreting tumours in rats. IV. Sixty-three IgE-secreting immunocytoma tumours. (1974)

The inbred LOU/Wsl rat strain presents a high incidence of spontaneous ileocoecal immunocytoma which secrete monoclonal immunoglobulins. These tumours are transplantable in histocompatible animals and their secreting properties are maintained over many passages. A screening of monoclonal immunoglobulins secreted by 250 such tumours revealed sixty-three proteins which shared class-specific determinants, physicochemical features and biological properties different from those of rat IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG2c classes, and characteristic of proteins of the IgE class.
Substrate free G-band Vivaldi antenna array design, fabrication and testing (2014)

The antenna pattern of a linear Vivaldi antenna array fabricated for G-band (140-220 GHz) radar applications was measured to explore the performance of a novel fabrication technique that allows for miniature waveguide to 3D AirCoax transitions and small footprint millimeter wave RF networks without the need of a substrate. The array includes four Vivaldi elements fed through a 4:1 equal split power divider and two dummy elements at both edges. The array pitch is configured at lambda/2 (about 750 microns). The design allows for scaling into a 2D array for beam steering applications using miniature phase shifters, which are currently being developed. The fabrication technique, as well as measured beam patterns, are presented and opportunities as well as challenges are discussed.
[3H]Tetrahydrocerulenin, a specific reagent for radio‐labelling fatty acid synthases and related enzymes (1983)

We have synthesised [ 3 H]tetrahydrocerulenin, a radio‐labelled derivative of cerulenin, an antibiotic from Cephalosporium caerulens which specifically inhibits the condensing enzyme of fatty acid synthases and polyketide synthases from various sources. [ 3 H]Tetrahydrocerulenin binds to fatty acid synthase from pig liver with the same specificity as cerulenin. We have also used [ 3 H]tetrahydrocerulenin to monitor condensing enzyme activity in cell‐free extracts of the erythromycin‐producing organism Streptomyces erythreus .
Single-amino-acid substitution in an antigenic site of influenza virus hemagglutinin can alter the specificity of binding to cell membrane-associated gangliosides (1989)

Antigenic variants of influenza virus A/Mem/1/71-Bel/42 (H3N1) selected with monoclonal antibodies and having single substitutions in their hemagglutinins were examined for their ability to hemagglutinate and hemolyse erythrocytes coated with different gangliosides. The majority of variants, including one with a substitution near the receptor-binding site (Asn-133----Lys), did not differ from the parent in specificity for receptor molecules. However, a substitution in HA1 at residue 205 (Ser----Tyr), which is distant from the receptor-binding site in antigenic site D, affected hemagglutination and hemolysis of erythrocytes coated with sialyl-paraglobosides. The variant preferentially recognized N-acetylneuraminic acid-alpha 2,6-galactose linkages to sialylparaglobosides, whereas the parent and other variants preferentially recognized N-acetylneuraminic acid-alpha 2,3-galactose linkages. In the trimeric hemagglutinin molecule, residue 205 is located across the subunit interface from the receptor-binding site. The bulky hydrophobic tyrosine in the variant may cause a conformational change in the receptor-binding pocket on the neighboring subunit and influence receptor binding.
BECKETT'S WAITING … AND DIDEROT (1987)

BECKETT'S WAITING … AND DIDEROT H. M. KLEIN H. M. KLEIN Norwich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies Bulletin, Volume 7, Issue 25, WINTER 1987, Pages 7–8, https://doi.org/10.1093/frebul/7.25.7 Published: 01 December 1987
Differential activities of protein tyrosine phosphatases in intact cells. (1993)

We have employed transient co-overexpression of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) with a panel of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) to investigate molecular parameters that regulate dephosphorylation activity and specificity in intact cells. Our results demonstrate clear differences in susceptibility of various forms of different RTKs to the action of PTP 1B, T-cell phosphatase (TC-PTP), and CD45, which suggests cellular compartmentalization as a major factor defining activity and overall function. TC-M PTP, a nonlocalized cytosolic mutant, is deregulated and is therefore able to efficiently suppress v-erbB- and v-fms-induced cell transformation, which is not observed with the intact TC-PTP or PTP 1B. The transmembrane PTP CD45 displays more selectivity but appears to be already active during transport to the cell surface. Dephosphorylation activity is also dependent on relative RTK/PTP expression levels and can be modulated by the SH2 domain-containing noncatalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase, p85. Overexpression of high affinity binding proteins could therefore contribute to RTK-induced cell transformation and cancer.
Multiple metal-carbon bonds. 16. Tungsten-oxo alkylidene complexes as olefins metathesis catalysts and the crystal structure of W(O)(CHCMe3(PEt3)Cl2 (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple metal-carbon bonds. 16. Tungsten-oxo alkylidene complexes as olefins metathesis catalysts and the crystal structure of W(O)(CHCMe3(PEt3)Cl2Jeffrey H. Wengrovius, Richard R. Schrock, Melvyn Rowen Churchill, Joseph R. Missert, and Wiley J. YoungsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 13, 4515–4516Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00533a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00533a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1015Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Visceral Fat Is an Independent Predictor of All‐cause Mortality in Men (2006)

Visceral fat is a strong, independent predictor of all-cause mortality in men.
In vivo NMR and MRI using injection delivery of laser-polarized xenon (1997)

Because xenon NMR is highly sensitive to the local environment, laser-polarized xenon could be a unique probe of living tissues. Realization of clinical and medical science applications beyond lung airspace imaging requires methods of efficient delivery of laser-polarized xenon to tissues, because of the short spin-lattice relaxation times and relatively low concentrations of xenon attainable in the body. Preliminary results from the application of a polarized xenon injection technique for in vivo 129Xe NMR/MRI are extrapolated along with a simple model of xenon transit to show that the peak local concentration of polarized xenon delivered to tissues by injection may exceed that delivered by respiration by severalfold.
Use of Emulsions for Mobility Control During Steamflooding (1986)

ABSTRACT It is widely known that the economics of many steamflood enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects are strongly affected by steam override (gravity segregation) and steam channeling. The economic performance of many steamfloods can be improved if an effective method of plugging the steam override or channeling zones is utilized. Traditionally, foam blocking techniques have been utilized with variable success to achieve these goals. In this paper, laboratory results from research at the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research on the development of an emulsion blocking technique for the correction and control of steam override and channeling are presented. Coreflood experiments were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of emulsion blocking at temperatures ranging from ambient to 194°C. The permeability reduction of various types of cores using externally produced emulsions and in situ generated emulsions was measured for light and heavy crude oils. Externally produced emulsions injected into oil-free cores reduced the permeability by 86 percent at 110° and 77 percent at 160°C. Injection of externally produced emulsions into cores containing residual oil, where some of the pores are already blocked, resulted in 30 to 91 percent reduction in permeability. Emulsions generated in situ using caustic to emulsify Wilmington crude oil achieved a 43 percent reduction in effective permeability with the absolute permeability of this core being 1,400 md. In both cases of injected and in situ emulsions, the emulsion block was thermally stable, and no degradation of the block was observed after injection of many pore volumes of water. The strong possibility that foamblocks as heretofore applied may have an emulsion blocking component to the overall plugging mechanism is discussed. Foams created with known foaming agents were contacted with various crude oils, and emulsified droplets within the liquid interfaces were observed. Work leading to the development of a field pilot test and ultimate commercialization of the process is presented. Laboratory studies for a planned field pilot were performed using sandpacks made from Kern River unconsolidated core and emulsion produced from the oil and water available in that field.
The Movement of a Water Droplet on a Gradient Surface Prepared by Photodegradation (2006)

A hydrophobic to hydrophilic gradient surface was prepared using the tuned photodegradation of an alkylsilane self-assembled monolayer (SAM) using irradiation of vacuum ultraviolet light (wavelength=172 nm). The water contact angle on the photodegraded SAM surface was adjusted using the intensity and time photoirradiation parameters. The formation of a gradient was confirmed by fluorescent labeling. The water drop moved from the hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface with a velocity that depended on the gradient. The higher the gradient, the faster the water moved. For the first time, we have prepared a gradient surface using photodegradation where the movement of a water drop was regulated by the degree of gradation. Considering that the photodegradation technique can be applied to various surfaces and to lithography, this technique will be useful for various material surfaces.
Anchor-Free Distributed Localization in Sensor Networks (2003)

Many sensor network applications require that each node&amp;apos;s sensor stream be annotated with its physical location in some common coordinate system. Manual measurement and configuration methods for obtaining location don&amp;apos;t scale and are error-prone, and equipping sensors with GPS is often expensive and does not work in indoor and urban deployments. Sensor networks can therefore benefit from a self-configuring method where nodes cooperate with each other, estimate local distances to their neighbors, and converge to a consistent coordinate assignment. This paper describes a fully decentralized algorithm called AFL (Anchor-Free Localization) where nodes start from a random initial coordinate assignment and converge to a consistent solution using only local node interactions. The key idea in AFL is fold-freedom, where nodes first configure into a topology that resembles a scaled and unfolded version of the true configuration, and then run a force-based relaxation procedure.We show using extensive simulations under a variety of network sizes, node densities, and distance estimation errors that our algorithm is superior to previously proposed methods that incrementally compute the coordinates of nodes in the network, in terms of its ability to compute correct coordinates under a wider variety of conditions and its robustness to measurement errors.
Large Margin DAG's for Multiclass Classification (1999)

We present a new learning architecture: the Decision Directed Acyclic Graph (DDAG), which is used to combine many two-class classifiers into a multiclass classifier. For an-class problem, the DDAG contains � classifiers, one for each pair of classes. We present a VC analysis of the case when the node classifiers are hyperplanes; the resulting bound on the test error depends on and on the margin achieved at the nodes, but not on the dimension of the space. This motivates an algorithm, DAGSVM, which operates in a kernel-induced feature space and uses two-class maximal margin hyperplanes at each decision-node of the DDAG. The DAGSVM is substantially faster to train and evaluate than either the standard algorithm or Max Wins, while maintaining comparable accuracy to both of these algorithms. 1
Animal Model of Schizophrenia (2006)

In humans, phencyclidine (PCP), a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, reproduces a schizophrenia-like psychosis such as positive/negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. PCP (10 mg/kg/day for 14 days)-treated mice exhibit the enhanced immobility in a forced swimming test as indexes of negative symptoms and impairment of latent learning in a water finding test as indexes of cognitive deficits. These behavioral deficits remain after withdrawal from repeated PCP treatment and are attenuated by atypical antipsychotics, but not by typical antipsychotics. Since it has been hypothesized that insufficient glutamate neurotransmission is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, we investigated an involvement of glutamatergic system in emotional and cognitive deficits in mice treated with PCP repeatedly. Ca(2+)/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) is markedly phosphorylated after the forced swimming test and the training trial of water finding test in the prefrontal cortex of saline-treated mice but not PCP-treated mice. Facilitation of NMDA receptor function by NMDA receptor glycine-site agonists such as D-cycloserine and glycine is effective on the abnormal intracellular signaling, and emotional and cognitive deficits in mice treated with PCP repeatedly. The repeated PCP treatment impaired NMDA receptor function and decreased levels of spontaneous extracellular glutamate in the prefrontal cortex, indicating that the repeated PCP treatment impairs both pre- and postsynaptic glutamate transmissions. Our findings suggest that abnormal NMDA receptor signaling is involved in the emotional and cognitive deficits in mice treated with PCP repeatedly. Our PCP-treated mice would be a useful model for studying the effect of antipsychotics on emotional and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
Anti-psoriatic drug anthralin activates transcription factor NF-kappa B in murine keratinocytes (1996)

Anthralin is one of the most effective and safest therapeutic agents for the treatment of psoriasis, a skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and hyperkeratosis. The drug induces and inflammatory response in the skin involving the expression of cytokine and cell adhesion molecule genes that is thought to be essential for its therapeutic efficacy. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) generated in vivo during the auto-oxidation of anthralin were discussed as mediators of the inflammatory response, but it is not yet understood how this is translated into novel inflammatory gene expression. In this study, we show that at little as 10 microM anthralin can activate a prototypic form of transcription factor NF-(kappa)B, a central transcriptional regulator of inflammatory and immune responses. Two different lines of evidence show that ROIs, in particular H2O2, are second messengers for the anthralin-induced NF-(kappa)B activation. Firstly, the activation could be inhibited by the structurally unrelated antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. Secondly, keratinocytes stably overexpressing catalase showed a significant reduction of NF-(kappa)B activation, while stable overexpression of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase augmented the anthralin effect. Our data suggest that ROI-induced NF-(kappa)B plays a role in the anti-psoriatic activity of the drug anthralin.
Analysis of a Gene Cluster ofEnterococcus faecalisInvolved in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis (2000)

Previously, we described a gene cluster of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF that produced an antigenic polysaccharide when cloned in Escherichia coli. The polysaccharide antigen was not detectable in E. faecalis strains, however. Here, we show by reverse transcriptase-PCR that the 16 genes in this region are transcribed in OG1RF. Gene disruption of orfde4, encoding a putative glycosyl transferase, and orfde6, a putative dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis gene, generated two OG1RF mutants. The mutants showed delayed killing and a higher 50% lethal dose in a mouse peritonitis model. In addition, two mucoid E. faecalis isolates from patients with chronic urinary tract infections were found to produce the polysaccharide antigen.
Comparison of multiexcitation fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of breast cancer (march 2003) (2003)

Nonmalignant (n = 36) and malignant (n = 20) tissue samples were obtained from breast cancer and breast reduction surgeries. These tissues were characterized using multiple excitation wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible wavelength range, immediately after excision. Spectra were then analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) as a data reduction technique. PCA was performed on each fluorescence spectrum, as well as on the diffuse reflectance spectrum individually, to establish a set of principal components for each spectrum. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to determine which principal components show statistically significant differences between malignant and nonmalignant tissues. Finally, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was utilized to classify the samples based on the diagnostically useful principal components. Cross-validation of this nonparametric algorithm was carried out to determine its classification accuracy in an unbiased manner. Multiexcitation fluorescence spectroscopy was successful in discriminating malignant and nonmalignant tissues, with a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 92%, respectively. The sensitivity (30%) and specificity (78%) of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy alone was significantly lower. Combining fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectra did not improve the classification accuracy of an algorithm based on fluorescence spectra alone. The fluorescence excitation-emission wavelengths identified as being diagnostic from the PCA-SVM algorithm suggest that the important fluorophores for breast cancer diagnosis are most likely tryptophan, NAD(P)H and flavoproteins.
Multiple Transcription Factor Elements Collaborate with Estrogen Receptor α to Activate an Inducible Estrogen Response Element in the NKG2E Gene (2007)

Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate transcription by interacting with regulatory elements in target genes. However, known ER regulatory elements cannot explain the expression profiles of genes activated by estradiol (E2) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). We previously showed that the killer cell lectin-like receptor (NKG2E) gene is regulated by E2, tamoxifen, and raloxifene. Here we used the NKG2E gene as a model to investigate the mechanism whereby target genes are regulated by E2 and SERMs with ERalpha. The ER regulatory element in the NKG2E promoter was mapped to the -1825 and -1686 region. Full activation of the NKG2E promoter required the collaboration between a transcription factor cluster containing c-jun, heat-shock factor 2, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta and a unique variant estrogen response element (ERE) that has only a two nucleotide spacer between half sites. The cluster elements and the variant ERE were inactive on their own, but the regulation by E2 and SERMs was restored when the c-jun, heat-shock factor-2, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta cluster was placed upstream of the variant ERE. The activation of the NKG2E gene by E2 and selective ER modulators was associated with the recruitment of the p160 coactivators glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein 1 and amplified in breast cancer 1 but not steroid receptor coactivator 1. These studies identified one of the most complex ER regulatory units thus far reported and demonstrate that a cluster of flanking transcription factors collaborate with ER to induce a functional ERE in the NKG2E promoter.