gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interim safety and efficacy analysis of a phase II, randomized study of GVAX pancreas and CRS-207 immunotherapy in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. (2013)

4040^ Background: GVAX is composed of GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic pancreas cancer cell lines and administered with low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) to inhibit regulatory T cells. In prior studies, GVAX induced mesothelin-specific T cell responses that correlated with survival. CRS-207 is a live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes engineered to express human mesothelin. CRS-207 stimulates potent innate and adaptive immunity and has shown synergy with GVAX in mouse tumor models. Anecdotal survival benefit was observed in the CRS-207 phase I study in patients who received prior GVAX. Methods: Patients were enrolled with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) who received or refused ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy, had ECOG ≤ 1 and adequate organ function. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive 2 doses of CY/GVAX followed by 4 doses of CRS-207 (Arm A) or 6 doses of CY/GVAX (Arm B) every 3 weeks. Clinically stable patients were offered additional 20-week courses. The primary endpoint was comparison of OS between treatment arms. Secondary endpoints were to evaluate safety, clinical and immune responses. Results: 90 patients were treated (Arm A: 61, Arm B: 29). As of Jan 2013, 27 patients completed 1 course (A: 24, B: 3) and 17 patients (A: 15, B: 2) initiated a 2 nd course. Median age was 63. Median number of prior regimens was 3. No treatment-related serious adverse events (SAEs) or unexpected toxicities were observed. The most frequent Grade (G) 3/4 related toxicities were fever, lymphopenia, hypophosphatemia, elevated liver enzymes, and fatigue following CRS-207 in &lt;5% of subjects. Of 51 patients evaluated post-treatment, 34% had stable disease in Arm A vs. 19% in Arm B. OS for all patients treated was 6 months in Arm A vs. 3.4 months in Arm B (two-sided, p=0.0114). Conclusions: Combined CY/GVAX pancreas and CRS-207 was generally well-tolerated with no treatment-related SAEs or unexpected G3/4 toxicities. The significant difference in OS between treatment arms met the criteria for early stopping. This indicates that the combination immunotherapy may extend OS for metastatic PDA patients with minimal toxicity and should continue to be developed as an effective therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT01417000.
Vascular endothelial cells provide T cells with costimulatory signals via the OX40/gp34 system (2000)

We investigated whether gp34, the ligand of OX40, expressed on EC is involved in costimulation of T cells. Normal CD4+ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3-coated beads, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), or concanavalin A (Con A) in the presence or absence of irradiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Stimulation of T cells with each of these mitogens results in significant T-cell proliferation only when HUVEC were present, and this proliferation was inhibited markedly by anti-OX40 or anti-gp34 monoclonal antibody (mAb). T cells cultured with HUVEC produced more interleukin (IL)-2 than those cultured without HUVEC. The addition of anti-IL-2R alpha chain and anti-IL-2R beta chain mAbs abolished the costimulatory effects of HUVEC. Thus, the augmentation of T-cell proliferation appears to be attributable to increased IL-2 production. These results suggest that gp34 expressed on HUVEC plays a role in potentiation of T-cell immune response by providing OX40+ T cells with costimulatory signals.
Stromal cells in myeloid and lymphoid long-term bone marrow cultures can support multiple hemopoietic lineages and modulate their production of hemopoietic growth factors (1986)

Hemopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) is dependent on adherent stromal cells that form an in vitro hemopoietic microenvironment. Myeloid bone marrow cultures (MBMC) are optimal for myelopoiesis, while lymphoid bone marrow cultures (LBMC) only support B lymphopoiesis. The experiments reported here have made a comparative analysis of the two cultures to determine whether the stromal cells that establish in vitro are restricted to the support of myelopoiesis or lymphopoiesis, respectively, and to examine how the different culture conditions affect stromal cell physiology. In order to facilitate this analysis, purified populations of MBMC and LBMC stroma were prepared by treating the LTBMC with the antibiotic mycophenolic acid; this results in the elimination of hemopoietic cells while retaining purified populations of functional stroma. Stromal cell cultures prepared and maintained under MBMC conditions secreted myeloid growth factors that stimulated the growth of granulocyte-macrophage colonies, while no such activity was detected from purified LBMC stromal cultures. However, this was not due to the inability of LBMC stroma to mediate this function. Transfer of LBMC stromal cultures to MBMC conditions resulted in an induction of myeloid growth factor secretion. When seeded under these conditions with stromal cell- depleted populations of hemopoietic cells, obtained by passing marrow through nylon wool columns, the LBMC stromal cells could support long- term myelopoiesis. Conversely, transfer of MBMC stroma to LBMC conditions resulted in a cessation of myeloid growth factor secretion; on seeding these cultures with nylon wool-passed marrow, B lymphopoiesis, but not myelopoiesis, initiated. These findings indicate that the stroma in the different LTBMC are not restricted in their hemopoietic support capacity but are sensitive to culture conditions in a manner that may affect the type of microenvironment formed.
Tissue engineering of heart valves – human endothelial cell seeding of detergent acellularized porcine valves1 (1998)

Porcine aortic valves can be almost completely acellularized by a non-tanning detergent extraction procedure. The xenogenic matrix was reseeded with human endothelial cells. This approach may eventually lead to the engineering of tissue heart valves repopulated with the patients own autologous cells.
Effect of Recombinant Surfactant Protein C–Based Surfactant on the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2004)

The use of exogenous surfactant in a heterogeneous population of patients with ARDS did not improve survival. Patients who received surfactant had a greater improvement in gas exchange during the 24-hour treatment period than patients who received standard therapy alone, suggesting the potential benefit of a longer treatment course.
Bovine papillomavirus contains multiple transforming genes. (1985)

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) and its cloned full-length DNA can transform rodent cells in vitro, and the viral DNA persists as an extrachromosomal multicopy plasmid in these transformed cells. Previous studies have identified at least five discrete viral RNAs that are expressed in BPV-1 transformed cells and have shown that these transcripts share a 3' coterminus. To further define the structure of these RNAs and to characterize the functions of individual viral transcripts, we constructed a cDNA library with mRNA from BPV-1-transformed mouse C127 cells using an Okayama and Berg plasmid. From a library of 10(5) independent clones, 200 BPV-1 specific clones were isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis has revealed differential splicing patterns for the mRNA species in BPV-1 transformed cells. In conjunction with the open reading frames (ORFs) deduced from the BPV-1 DNA sequence, it is possible to predict the structure of the potential encoded proteins. The vector used to generate these cDNA clones contains mammalian cell transcriptional regulatory elements, facilitating their functional characterization. We have identified two distinct classes of cDNA clones that can each independently transform mouse C127 cells. One class of cDNA clones contains the E2 ORF intact and the second contains the E6 ORF intact. These two putative viral functions appear to act synergistically in transforming mouse C127 cells in vitro.
Decreased Sensitivity of the Pancreatic Beta Cells to Glucose in Prediabetic and Diabetic Subjects: A Glucose Dose-Response Study (1972)

The dose-response curve for glucose-induced insulin release obtained by infusing glucose at four to five different rates to normal subjects was sine-shaped, the insulin secretion starting at a blood glucose concentration of about 100 to 125 mg. per 100 ml. The steepest rise in plasma insulin occurred between blood glucose levels of 200 and 350 mg. per 100 ml. When blood sugar was increased further, the plasma insulin curve started to level off. There were no differences in the dose-response characteristics of the early and late insulin responses to glucose infusion. In prediabetic subjects variations in blood glucose concentration between the fasting level and about 300 mg. per 100 ml. were accompanied by only a minor insulin response. Further eleva-ation of blood glucose to 450 to 650 mg. per 100 ml. induced a normal initial insulin response in two out of the eight prediabetics, while the late response was normalized in almost all of them. Thus, the insulin-glucose dose-response curves in the prediabetics seemed to be similar to those of the normals but shifted toward higher blood glucose concentrations. In subjects with mild maturity-onset diabetes or glucose intolerance only, there seemed to exist a further shift to the right of the dose-response curves. These findings suggest that (1) the mechanisms governing the early and late insulin responses to glucose are of identical nature, and (2) the decreased insulin response to glucose in prediabetics and mild diabetics is a relative one, very high glucose concentrations being capable of eliciting normal responses. These findings are compatible with our hypothesis that the defective insulin release in prediabetes and diabetes is due to a decrease in the sensitivity of the glucose receptor of the pancreatic β cell which transmits the glucose signal for insulin release.
Mining Maximal Clique Summary with Effective Sampling (2019)

Maximal clique enumeration (MCE) is a fundamental problem in graph theory and is used in many applications, such as social network analysis, bioinformatics, intelligent agent systems, cyber security. Most existing MCE algorithms focus on improving the efficiency rather than reducing the size of the output, which could consist of a large number of maximal cliques. In this paper, we study how to report a summary of less overlapping maximal cliques. The problem was studied before, however, after examining the pioneer approach, we consider it still not satisfactory. To advance the research along this line, this paper attempts to make two contributions: (a) We propose a more effective sampling strategy, which produces a much smaller summary but still ensures that the summary can somehow witness all the maximal cliques and the expectation of each maximal clique witnessed by the summary is above a predefined threshold. (b) To verify experimentally, we tested ten real benchmark datasets that have a variety of graph characteristics. The results show that our new sampling strategy consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art method by producing smaller summaries and running faster on all the datasets.
Synthesis of Carbon-Phosphorus Bonds, Second Edition (1988)

INTRODUCTION Recent Advances in C-P Bond Formation Nomenclature of C-P Compounds Information Sources for C-P Compounds SYNTHESIS OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS FROM ELEMENTAL PHOSPHORUS Introduction Availability of Elemental Phosphorus Attack on Elemental Phosphorus by Nucleophiles Radical Attack on Elemental Phosphorus Direct Addition to P-Systems Oxidative Additions with Olefins Experimental Procedures Summary References C-P BOND FORMATION USING NUCLEOPHILIC TRIVALENT PHOSPHORUS REAGENTS Introduction Substitution Reactions Using Neutral Trivalent Phosphorus Reagents Substitution Reactions Using Anionic Trivalent Phosphorus Reagents Preparations Of A-substituted Phosphoryl Compounds Conjugate Addition Reactions Experimental Procedures References C-P BOND FORMATION VIA DISPLACEMENT, ADDITION, OR REARRANGEMENT Introduction Phosphorus-halogen Compounds Substitution Reactions on Phosphorus-halogen Compounds Using Organometallics and Related Reagents Addition Reactions of P-H Compounds Addition Reactions of P-Cl Compounds Rearrangements Resulting In The Formation Of New P-C Bonds Experimental Procedures References PENTACOORDINATE PHOSPHORUS Introduction General Structure of Pentacoordinate Phosphorus Stable Phosphoranes Carbonnphosphorus Bond Formation Involving Phosphorane Intermediates Experimental Procedures References AROMATIC AND VINYLIC C-P BONDS Introduction Aromatic Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Formation Vinylic Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Formation Experimental Procedures References Index
The management of acute musculoskeletal pain (2013)

Musculoskeletal pain is a common presentation in military patients. If not managed effectively it can have a detrimental effect on both the individual and the ship/unit. This article aims to examine how to thoroughly assess a military patient presenting with acute musculoskeletal pain; to provide the practitioner with a framework for effective pain history taking, and to help identify and exclude rare but serious causes of pain - 'red and yellow flag concepts'. Key management steps and appropriate interventions for managing acute, benign musculoskeletal pain are discussed and related to the varying environmients where the patient may be encountered.
Cucurbituril (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCucurbiturilW. A. Freeman, W. L. Mock, and N. Y. ShihCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 24, 7367–7368Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00414a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00414a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5752Altmetric-Citations1096LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
First record of the Storm Petrel,Hydrobates pelagicus, in Turkey (1990)

Abstract Three Storm Petrels were observed on the coast near Kaş on the Turkish Mediterranean Sea, on 29.4.1988. This is the first Turkish record.
Frequent association of p53 gene mutation in invasive bladder cancer. (1992)

Structural alterations of the p53 gene were investigated to elucidate the molecular biological difference between superficial and invasive bladder cancer by polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. In 25 bladder cancers obtained from 23 patients, p53 gene mutations were investigated in exon regions 4 to 11. Twenty-four were transitional cell carcinomas, and the remaining one was a squamous cell carcinoma. Only one of 13 superficial bladder cancers, including pTis, pTa, and pT1, was found to have p53 gene mutation. However, of 12 invasive bladder cancers with pT2, pT3, and pT4, six primary carcinomas, including a squamous cell carcinoma and one metastatic carcinoma, were found to have p53 gene mutations. The number of cancers examined in Grades 1, 2, and 3 was three, seven, and 15, respectively. p53 gene mutation was not found in any of the ten cancers with Grades 1 and 2, while eight of 15 bladder cancers with Grade 3 were found to have p53 gene mutation. The results indicated that the incidence of p53 gene mutations appeared to be much higher in invasive-type and high-grade bladder cancers than in superficial and low-grade ones. Our results are compatible with the recently published results by Sidransky et al. [Science (Washington DC), 252: 706-709, 1991] showing that p53 gene mutations were frequently found in invasive bladder cancers by sequence analysis on polymerase chain reaction amplified products corresponding to exons 5 to 9. Our results are also compatible with previously reported results by Olumi et al. (Cancer Res., 50: 7081-7083, 1990) showing that the loss of chromosome 17p, revealed by analysis with restriction fragment length polymorphism, was frequent in high-grade bladder cancers. In this study, p53 gene mutations were often found in exon 4 as well as in other exons. Therefore, this region should also be examined for screening of mutations of this gene in bladder cancer. There appeared to be no consistent mutation sites in exons 4 to 11 of the p53 gene and no specific patterns of the mutation in bladder cancer.
In-situtransmission electron microscopy studies of the interaction between dislocations in strained SiGe/Si (001) heterostructures (2000)

Abstract The rate of misfit strain relaxation in semiconductor heterostructures is controlled by the kinetics of misfit dislocation nucleation, propagation and interaction. Although there have been a number of detailed theoretical studies of the dislocation–dislocation interaction process in these systems, there exist limited experimental data regarding the regime of epilayer thickness and composition where these interactions affect strain relaxation. Because of its high spatial and temporal resolution, in-situ transmission electron microscopy is an ideal experimental tool with which to observe dislocation interactions. In this work, the unique capabilities of an ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscope have been exploited to permit direct, real-time observation of dislocation interactions. This microscope is equipped with in-situ chemical vapour deposition capabilities which allow imaging of dislocation motion during both growth and annealing of SiGe/Si (001) heterostructures. This has permitted efficient determination of the regime of epilayer thickness and composition where dislocation interactions stop the forward motion of the threading dislocation segment. At the lowest thicknesses and compositions, all dislocation interactions cause the threading segment to become blocked. Above a certain level of thickness and composition dislocation motion is halted only when the two dislocations have parallel Burgers vectors. This is due to a particular reaction between the dislocations which occurs at their intersection. Quantitative analysis of the dynamic motion of threading dislocations while in the presence of the stress field of the interfacial segment allows extraction of the magnitude of the long range interaction stresses. It is seen that the magnitude of the interaction stresses increases as the net excess stress in the epilayer increases, and that the interaction stresses are much greater when the Burgers vectors are parallel. Finally, additional experiments have indicated that dislocations that become blocked during annealing form relatively stable configurations. Following the blocking event a force greater than that associated with the long range interaction between dislocations is required to release the dislocations from their blocked configuration. This is in contrast to theoretical models, which predict that the long range interaction force alone controls the release of dislocations. These experiments represent the first systematic study of dislocation interactions in strained heterostructures and permit improved predictive models of the kinetics of strain relaxation in these systems.
Communication satellite systems for high-speed Internet access (2001)

Communication satellites were originally conceived as a means of providing a voice telephone service over the entire globe, i.e., between countries, which up to that time had no direct links with one another. Subsequently, satellites were launched to provide service to mobile users (the military, ships, aircraft, etc.), and for distributing television programs domestically. In the US, this was initially restricted to feeding cable head-ends, but direct-to-the home TV has become widespread. Satellite service providers now see offering businesses and consumers high-speed access to the Internet and the World Wide Web as the newest opportunity to expand their offerings. This paper reviews efforts now underway by a number of companies to tap this market, some of whom plan to deploy new, special-purpose satellite systems.
Postoperative Pain Experience: Results from a National Survey Suggest Postoperative Pain Continues to Be Undermanaged (2003)

A survey of 250 US adults who had undergone a recent surgical procedure asked about their postoperative pain experience. Approximately 80% of patients experienced pain after surgery. Of these patients, 86% had moderate, severe, or extreme pain. Additional efforts are required to improve patients' postoperative pain experience.
Analog Beamforming in MIMO Communications With Phase Shift Networks and Online Channel Estimation (2010)

In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the use of many radio frequency (RF) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) chains at the receiver is costly. Analog beamformers operating in the RF domain can reduce the number of antenna signals to a feasible number of baseband channels. Subsequently, digital beamforming is used to capture the desired user signal. In this paper, we consider the design of the analog and digital beamforming coefficients, for the case of narrowband signals. We aim to cancel interfering signals in the analog domain, thus minimizing the required ADC resolution. For a given resolution, we will propose the optimal analog beamformer to minimize the mean squared error between the desired user and its receiver estimate. Practical analog beamformers employ only a quantized number of phase shifts. For this case, we propose a design technique to successively approximate the desired overall beamformer by a linear combination of implementable analog beamformers. Finally, an online channel estimation technique is introduced to estimate the required statistics of the wireless channel on which the optimal beamformers are based.
Biomedicina: modelos de negocio (2004)

Con este analisis de las tendencias del sector, la autora nos muestra el contexto en el que se deberan mover los bioemprendedores, estudiando las empresas, los modelos de negocio y las caracteristicas distintivas que ofrece en Espana, muy enfocado todavia en los servicios.
Antibodies directed against integration host factor mediate biofilm clearance from nasopore (2013)

Antibiotics alone were ineffective in eradicating NTHI biofilms that had formed on Nasopore in vitro. Anti-IHF antibodies plus amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy synergistically reduced biofilm biomass by 88%. These data support clinical studies for the use of anti-IHF combined with antibiotics to reduce biofilm formation on intranasal packing.