gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project Gene Disruption Project: Single P-Element Insertions Mutating 25% of Vital Drosophila Genes (1999)

A fundamental goal of genetics and functional genomics is to identify and mutate every gene in model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) gene disruption project generates single P-element insertion strains that each mutate unique genomic open reading frames. Such strains strongly facilitate further genetic and molecular studies of the disrupted loci, but it has remained unclear if P elements can be used to mutate all Drosophila genes. We now report that the primary collection has grown to contain 1045 strains that disrupt more than 25% of the estimated 3600 Drosophila genes that are essential for adult viability. Of these P insertions, 67% have been verified by genetic tests to cause the associated recessive mutant phenotypes, and the validity of most of the remaining lines is predicted on statistical grounds. Sequences flanking >920 insertions have been determined to exactly position them in the genome and to identify 376 potentially affected transcripts from collections of EST sequences. Strains in the BDGP collection are available from the Bloomington Stock Center and have already assisted the research community in characterizing >250 Drosophila genes. The likely identity of 131 additional genes in the collection is reported here. Our results show that Drosophila genes have a wide range of sensitivity to inactivation by P elements, and provide a rationale for greatly expanding the BDGP primary collection based entirely on insertion site sequencing. We predict that this approach can bring >85% of all Drosophila open reading frames under experimental control.
Carbohydrate Composition and Sensory Quality of Fresh and Stored Sweet Corn (1986)

Abstract Sweet corn ( Zea mays L.) was evaluated for sensory quality and carbohydrate composition at harvest and after storage at 0° or 10°C for 2 weeks. Total sugar (reducing sugar plus sucrose) declined more quickly during storage at 10° than at 0° in all cultivars, but the relative changes in sucrose and reducing sugars during storage were often complex. Hedonic (like/dislike) and sweetness scores awarded by taste panelists were significantly correlated with each other and with reducing sugar, sucrose, and total sugar concentrations only after storage. The highest correlations were between sucrose concentration and hedonic taste scores ( r = 0.76, P &lt; 0.01) and between sucrose concentration and sensory sweetness scores ( r = 0.73, P &lt; 0.01). Starch concentration varied with cultivar, but was not correlated with sensory quality. Water-soluble polysaccharide concentration varied with cultivar, storage time, and storage temperature, but did not correlate with sensory quality.
MicroRNA-15a and MicroRNA-16 Impair Human Circulating Proangiogenic Cell Functions and Are Increased in the Proangiogenic Cells and Serum of Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia (2012)

Ex vivo miR-15a/16 inhibition enhances PAC therapeutic potential, and circulating miR-15a and miR-16 deserves further investigation as a prognostic biomarker in CLI patients undergoing revascularization.
Effect of U-995, a potent shark cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, on anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor activities. (1999)

These results suggest that the anti-angiogenic effects of U-995 may be be due to interference with the proliferation and migration of HUVECs as well as inhibition of collagenolysis, thereby leading to inhibition of both angiogenesis and tumor cell growth.
The pathophysiology of the growth plate in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2005)

Children with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), suffer from a variety of growth disorders. These range from general growth retardation to local acceleration of growth in the affected limb. These disorders are associated with the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, which may influence growth through a local effect in the growth plates of long bones and/or systemic effects throughout the whole body. In this article we review these aspects and also discuss the evidence for interaction between the inflammatory cytokine and growth-signalling pathways.
Control of neuronal morphology in vitro: Interplay between adhesive substrate forces and molecular instruction (1995)

Among the factors which influence neuronal morphology, the degree of substrate adhesivity has been suggested to play an important role in the growth and guidance of neurites. The present study was undertaken to investigate apparently contradictory results relating substrate adhesivity to the extent of neurite outgrowth. By using substrates coated with different concentrations of polyornithine to vary adhesivity, we could show that intermediate levels of neuron-to-substrate adhesive strength favored neurite outgrowth more than substrates of high or low adhesivity. However, when neurons were plated on substrates derived from the extracellular matrix, the strength of neuron-to-substrate adhesion was important for the growth of dendrite-like minor neurites, but not for the extension of axon-like major neurites, which grew independently of adhesive forces. On substrates of the cell adhesion molecule L1, growth of both major and minor neurites was adhesion-independent. Finally, in the presence of tenascin added to the culture medium, neurite growth was inhibited irrespective of the adhesivity of the substrate and the presence of substrate-bound extracellular matrix molecules or L1. These observations suggest that intermediate forces of adhesivity favor neurite growth in general, but that purely adhesive forces can be dominated by specific molecular instructions which differentially affect growth of major and minor neurites in positive and negative ways.
Wingless Signaling at Synapses Is Through Cleavage and Nuclear Import of Receptor DFrizzled2 (2005)

Wingless secretion provides pivotal signals during development by activating transcription of target genes. At Drosophila synapses, Wingless is secreted from presynaptic terminals and is required for synaptic growth and differentiation. Wingless binds the seven-pass transmembrane DFrizzled2 receptor, but the ensuing events at synapses are not known. We show that DFrizzled2 is endocytosed from the postsynaptic membrane and transported to the nucleus. The C terminus of DFrizzled2 is cleaved and translocated into the nucleus; the N-terminal region remains just outside the nucleus. Translocation of DFrizzled2-C into the nucleus, but not its cleavage and transport, depends on Wingless signaling. We conclude that, at synapses, Wingless signal transduction occurs through the nuclear localization of DFrizzled2-C for potential transcriptional regulation of synapse development.
An evaluation of the various aspects of the progress in clinical applications of laser driven ionizing radiation (2017)

There has been a vast development of laser-driven particle acceleration (LDPA) using high power lasers. This has initiated by the radiation oncology community to use the dose distribution and biological advantages of proton/heavy ion therapy in cancer treatment with a much greater accessibility than currently possible with cyclotron/synchrotron acceleration. Up to now, preclinical experiments have only been performed at a few LDPA facilities; technical solutions for clinical LDPA have been theoretically developed but there is still a long way to go for the clinical introduction of LDPA. Therefore, to explore the further potential bio-medical advantages of LDPA has pronounced importance. The main characteristics of LDPA are the ultra-high beam intensity, the flexibility in beam size reduction and the potential particle and energy selection whilst conventional accelerators generate single particle, quasi mono-energetic beams. There is a growing number of studies on the potential advantages and applications of Energy Modulated X-ray Radiotherapy, Modulated Electron Radiotherapy and Very High Energy Electron (VHEE) delivery system. Furthermore, the ultra-high space and/or time resolution of super-intense beams are under intensive investigation at synchrotrons (microbeam radiation and very high dose rate (&gt; 40 Gy/s) electron accelerator flash irradiation) with growing evidence of significant improvement of the therapeutic index. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is an advanced cell targeted binary treatment modality. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) of the two particles (7Li and 4He) released by 10BNC reaction, all of the energy is deposited inside the tumour cells, killing them with high probability, while the neighbouring cells are not damaged. The limited availability of appropriate neutron sources, prevent the more extensive exploration of clinical benefit of BNCT. Another boron-based novel binary approach is the 11B-Proton Fusion, which result in the release of three high LET alpha particles. These promising, innovative approaches for cancer therapy present huge challenges for dose calculation, dosimetry and for investigation of the biological effects. The planned LDPA (photons, VHEE, protons, carbon ions) at ELI facilities has the unique property of ultra-high dose rate (&gt; Gy/s-10), short pulses, and at ELI-ALPS high repetition rate, have the potential to develop and establish encouraging novel methods working towards compact hospital-based clinical applications. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.
Noncontact heartbeat detection using UWB impulse doppler radar (2015)

Ultra-wide band (UWB) pulse Doppler radars provide range-time-frequency information which enables the target localization and vital sign monitoring of a subject. One challenge for UWB radar systems is accurately detecting the heartbeat of a subject, i.e. recording the small displacements of thorax caused by heartbeat due to its poor S/N ratio. Given that the phase-based algorithms are more robust against noise in heartbeat detection so it could lead to better demodulation of micro displacements. In this paper, two algorithms based on complex signal demodulation and arctangent method are extended here to UWB radars to detect the phase variation of reflected pulses caused by cardiac motions, results will be presented.
Proline metabolism in Trypanosoma scelopori (1973)

Journal Article Proline Metabolism in Trypanosoma Scelopori Get access S.M. Krassner, S.M. Krassner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Sylvester, D. Sylvester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K.B. Munson K.B. Munson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 67, Issue 2, 1973, Page 258, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(73)90158-2 Published: 01 January 1973
Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Measurements of DNA Hybridization Adsorption and Streptavidin/DNA Multilayer Formation at Chemically Modified Gold Surfaces (1997)

A combination of scanning and imaging surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments is used to characterize DNA hybridization adsorption at gold surfaces and the subsequent immobilization of streptavidin. Single-stranded oligonucleotides are immobilized at gold surfaces, and the hybridization of biotinylated complements from solution is monitored with SPR. The subsequent attachment of streptavidin to the biotinylated complements provides a method of enhancing the SPR imaging signal produced as a result of the hybridization and leads to a 4-fold improvement in the hybridization detection limit of the SPR imaging apparatus. In situ scanning SPR experiments are used to measure a 60 ± 20% hybridization efficiency between immobilized single-stranded DNA and biotinylated complements. From the information provided by both the in situ imaging and scanning SPR experiments, an absolute surface coverage of immobilized single-stranded DNA is estimated to be ∼3 × 1012 molecules/cm2. The SPR signal resulting from hybridization onto immobilized probes is further amplified by the formation of streptavidin/DNA multilayers which grow by a combination of DNA hybridization and biotin−streptavidin binding. DNA/DNA multilayers without streptavidin are used as an additional method of amplifying the SPR signal.
Expression and Physicochemical Characterization of Human Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (1995)

Human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli as a soluble protein. Recombinant PCNA was purified to homogeneity by phosphocellulose, Q-Sepharose, Sephacryl S-200, and hydroxylapatite chromatography. Approximately 20 mg of PCNA was isolated from E. coli cells derived from 2 L of culture. Characterization of the recombinant protein showed that it was functionally active and that its properties were similar to those of purified human placental PCNA. Recombinant PCNA stimulated human DNA polymerase delta activity at least 25-fold with poly(dA)/oligo-(dT) as the template. Recombinant PCNA eluted with a M(r) = 102,000 and a Stokes radius of 37 Angstrum by high-performance gel-permeation chromatography. The sedimentation coefficient determined by glycerol gradient ultracentrifugation was 6.3 S. The molecular weight calculated from the Stokes radius and S value was 96,800. The behavior of PCNA was entirely consistent with its being a trimeric protein. Analytical ultracentrifugation and gel filtration revealed the existence of a dimeric species at low dilution. Cross-linking experiments revealed the presence of PCNA dimers which predominated, as well as a trimeric species. These studies provide biophysical evidence that PCNA is an oligomeric protein which behaves as a trimeric species at high protein concentrations but dissociates to a dimer at low protein concentrations.
Intestinal digestive resistance of immunodominant gliadin peptides (2002)

Two recently identified immunodominant epitopes from alpha-gliadin account for most of the stimulatory activity of dietary gluten on intestinal and peripheral T lymphocytes in patients with celiac sprue. The proteolytic kinetics of peptides containing these epitopes were analyzed in vitro using soluble proteases from bovine and porcine pancreas and brush-border membrane vesicles from adult rat intestine. We showed that these proline-glutamine-rich epitopes are exceptionally resistant to enzymatic processing. Moreover, as estimated from the residual peptide structure and confirmed by exogenous peptidase supplementation, dipeptidyl peptidase IV and dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I were identified as the rate-limiting enzymes in the digestive breakdown of these peptides. A similar conclusion also emerged from analogous studies with brush-border membrane from a human intestinal biopsy. Supplementation of rat brush-border membrane with trace quantities of a bacterial prolyl endopeptidase led to the rapid destruction of the immunodominant epitopes in these peptides. These results suggest a possible enzyme therapy strategy for celiac sprue, for which the only current therapeutic option is strict exclusion of gluten-containing food.
THE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF LEFT-HANDED Z-DNA (1984)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Scan Statistics for the Online Detection of Locally Anomalous Subgraphs (2013)

We introduce a computationally scalable method for detecting small anomalous areas in a large, time-dependent computer network, motivated by the challenge of identifying intruders operating inside enterprise-sized computer networks. Time-series of communications between computers are used to detect anomalies, and are modeled using Markov models that capture the bursty, often human-caused behavior that dominates a large subset of the time-series. Anomalies in these time-series are common, and the network intrusions we seek involve coincident anomalies over multiple connected pairs of computers. We show empirically that each time-series is nearly always independent of the time-series of other pairs of communicating computers. This independence is used to build models of normal activity in local areas from the models of the individual time-series, and these local areas are designed to detect the types of intrusions we are interested in. We define a locality statistic calculated by testing for deviations from historic behavior in each local area, and then define a scan statistic as the maximum deviation score over all local areas. We show that identifying these local anomalies is sufficient to correctly identify anomalies of various relevant shapes in the network. Supplementary material, including additional details and simulation code, are provided online.
Electrocatalysis of NADH Oxidation with Electropolymerized Films of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrocatalysis of NADH Oxidation with Electropolymerized Films of 3,4-DihydroxybenzaldehydeF. Pariente, E. Lorenzo, and H. D. AbrunaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 23, 4337–4344Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00095a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00095a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views458Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The regulation of metabolic clearance rate of human FSH in mice by variation of the molecular structure of the hormone (1986)

The relationship between charge on human FSH (hFSH) molecules and their metabolic clearance rate (MCR) was investigated. The median charge of the hFSH molecules was expressed as their median mobility at electrophoresis in 0.075 M sodium veronal buffer, pH 8.6. MCR was estimated after single iv injection in mice of unfractionated and fractionated extracts of human pituitaries. There was a highly significant (P less than 0.001) correlation between charge and MCR both for forms of FSH present within the individual pituitary and for FSH in different pituitaries. After the iv injection there was a gradual change to a more negative median charge of hFSH in plasma. This was explained by the more rapid clearance of the less negatively charged forms of hFSH and thus selective survival of different forms in the circulation. This is a most likely explanation for the differences in median charge between FSH in pituitaries and in sera of men and women of corresponding age. The results suggest that MCR of human FSH is controlled by a gonadal-pituitary feed-back mechanism which involves changes in the structure of the FSH produced by the pituitary. It is suggested that charge is one factor involved in the regulation of the survival of FSH in the circulation and that this is of physiological importance for the control of the ovarian function during the menstrual cycle.
Cytotoxicity of a Recombinant Diphtheria Toxin-Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Fusion Protein on Human Leukemic Blast Cells (1993)

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a potent stimulator of the growth of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells and synergizes with other factors such as interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The action of G-CSF is mediated through a specific membrane receptor, however it is not clear if all of the effects of G-CSF are direct or indirect. As a step towards addressing this problem, a recombinant diphtheria toxin (DT)-related human G-CSF fusion protein has been constructed and purified from E. coli. The 70,000 dalton chimeric protein has immunologic determinants characteristic of both DT and G-CSF. At high concentrations, DAB486-G-CSF is cytotoxic towards G-CSF-dependent OCI/AML1 cells, but not factor independent OCI/AML3 cells; colony formation by G-CSF-responsive leukemic blasts from a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) was also inhibited. The G-CSF fusion toxin displayed ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in a cell-free system. Genetic conjugation of G-CSF to an enzymatically inactive DT mutant, CRM197, resulted in a 200-fold reduction in the ability of G-CSF to stimulate normal bone marrow colony formation. These results suggest that fusion of G-CSF to DT sequences interferes with some of the activity but not the specificity of the ligand binding domain of the molecule. Nevertheless, DAB486-G-CSF may be included with the increasing number of other toxin-hormone fusion proteins whose toxicity is directed towards specific receptor-bearing cells, and may represent a novel approach towards the study and treatment of leukemia.
PGP9.5 As a Candidate Tumor Marker for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (1999)

PGP9.5 is a neurospecific peptide that functions to remove ubiquitin from ubiquitinated proteins and prevents them from targeted degradation by proteasomes. Using the serial analysis of gene expression method (SAGE), we observed that the PGP9.5 transcript was highly expressed in primary lung cancers and lung cancer cell lines but was not detectable in the normal lung. Here we examined the expression of PGP9.5 protein in normal lung epithelium, lung tumor cell lines, and 98 resected primary non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). We found PGP9.5 reactivity in normal lung in a pattern compatible with K-cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. However, the PGP9.5 was present in both small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and NSCLC cell lines (22/24) independent of neuronal differentiation. In primary NSCLCs, 54% (53/98) of the cases had positive PGP9.5 staining, and the expression of protein was strongly associated with pathological stage of the cancer. It was present in 44% (29/66) of stage I NSCLCs and in 75% (24/32) of stage II and IIIA NSCLCs (p = 0.0032). These results suggest that the increased expression of PGP9.5 is specifically associated with lung cancer development and may serve as a potential marker for the detection of lung cancer.