gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Vaccinia Virus A33R Protein Provides a Chaperone Function for Viral Membrane Localization and Tyrosine Phosphorylation of the A36R Protein (2001)

The products of the A33R and A36R genes of vaccinia virus are incorporated into the membranes of intracellular enveloped virions (IEV). When extracts of cells that had been infected with vaccinia virus and labeled with H(3)(32)PO(4) were immunoprecipitated with antibodies against the A33R protein, two prominent bands were resolved. The moderately and more intensely labeled bands were identified as phosphorylated A33R and A36R proteins, respectively. The immunoprecipitated complex contained disulfide-bonded dimers of A33R protein that were noncovalently linked to A36R protein. Biochemical analysis indicated that the two proteins were phosphorylated predominantly on serine residues, with lesser amounts on threonines. The A36R protein was also phosphorylated on tyrosine, as determined by specific binding to an anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. Serine phosphorylation and A33R-A36R protein complex formation occurred even when virus assembly was blocked at an early stage with the drug rifampin. Tyrosine phosphorylation was selectively reduced in cells infected with F13L or A34R gene deletion mutants that were impaired in the membrane-wrapping step of IEV formation. In addition, tyrosine phosphorylation was specifically inhibited in cells infected with an A33R deletion mutant that still formed IEV. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy indicated that in the absence of the A33R protein, the A36R protein was localized in Golgi membranes but not in IEV. In the absence of the A36R protein, however, the A33R protein still localized to IEV membranes. These studies together with others suggest that the A33R protein guides the A36R protein to the IEV membrane, where it subsequently becomes tyrosine phosphorylated as a signal for actin tail formation.
The relationship of vasodilator activity of adenosine analogs with molecular connectivity and van der Waals volume. (1980)

A quantitative analysis is made on the relationship of vasodilator activity of adenosine analogs with Kier's molecular connectivity (chi) and van der Waals volume (Vw). In all attempts the most significant correlation that surfaced led to suggest that molecular shape and size of the molecules would be important in their vasodilator activity.
Novel Complex N-Heterocycles via Intramolecular 1,5-Electrocyclizations: 1,2,3,4,4a,5,5a,10-Octahydropyrido-[4",3":2',3']cyclobuta[1',2':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines (1998)

The synthesis of 2-amino-3-isopropenylpyridine (5) and 2-amino-5chloro-3-isopropenylpyridine (6) and their toluenesulfonic acid catalyzed reactions in refluxing toluene with some 1-substituted piperidin-4-ones are described.The toluenesulfonic acid catalyzed reaction of the pyridine derivatives ( 5) and ( 6) with 1-benzyl-, 1-benzoyl-and 1-methylpiperidin-4-one lead to novel pyrrolo[2,3+]pyridines (7-12) in good to excellent yields in diastereoisomeric pure form (Scheme 2, Table 1).An intramolecular 1.5-electrocyclization of the dipolar reactive intermediate (13) as a key step (Scheme 3) is proposed for the formation of the compounds (7-12).During the last years, acid catalyzed reactions of 2-vinylaniline derivatives with aldehydes and ketones were carefully studied in our laboratories.'Our earlier results in this field impressively showed that these reactions could be very useful for the synthesis of heterocycles such as quinoline'~i-and cyclobut[l,2-b]indole derivative^.^.'The selectivity of these reactions turned out to be strongly dependent on the structure of the chosen 2-vinylanilines and ketones.'~'As we have shown earlier, in some cases good selectivities and yields could be achieved.But our knowledge on the selectivity of these reactions is still not satisfactory.Recently, we reported on the results of the toluenesulfonic acid catalyzed reaction of 2vinylanilines with I-henzyl-and 1-methyl-4-piperidin-4-one.In this case, the outcome of the reaction turned out to be independent of the 2-vinylaniline derivative used , and cyclobut[l,2-blindoles were obtained as sole products in preparatively useful yields.4Due to this observed selectivity, we thought that With the two pyridine model-compounds ( 5) and ( 6) in hand, we were able to study the toluenesulfonic acid catalyzed reaction of these intermediates with 1-benzyl-, 1-benzoyl-, and 1-methylpiperidin-4-ones.With satisfaction, in all cases, we observed a clean and diastereoselective reaction, which led in good to excellent yields to octahydropyrido[4".3":2',3']cyclobuta[1',2':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3~]pyridinederivatives (7-12) (Scheme 2, Table 1).Scheme 2 ~j d N NH, 5 4 * pTsOH.PhMe reflux, 8-16 h 7 (R'=H, R2=Me) 8 (R7=Cl, R ~= M ~) 9 (R' = H, RZ = PhCH,) 10 (R' = CI, RZ = PhCH?) 11 (R'= H, RZ= PhCO) 12 (R' = CI, R2= PhCO )1.
Crystal structure of human p32, a doughnut-shaped acidic mitochondrial matrix protein (1999)

Human p32 (also known as SF2-associated p32, p32/TAP, and gC1qR) is a conserved eukaryotic protein that localizes predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix. It is thought to be involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and in nucleus-mitochondrion interactions. We report the crystal structure of p32 determined at 2.25 A resolution. The structure reveals that p32 adopts a novel fold with seven consecutive antiparallel beta-strands flanked by one N-terminal and two C-terminal alpha-helices. Three monomers form a doughnut-shaped quaternary structure with an unusually asymmetric charge distribution on the surface. The implications of the structure on previously proposed functions of p32 are discussed and new specific functional properties are suggested.
Stem Cell Characteristics of Amniotic Epithelial Cells (2005)

Amniotic epithelial cells develop from the epiblast by 8 days after fertilization and before gastrulation, opening the possibility that they might maintain the plasticity of pregastrulation embryo cells. Here we show that amniotic epithelial cells isolated from human term placenta express surface markers normally present on embryonic stem and germ cells. In addition, amniotic epithelial cells express the pluripotent stem cell-specific transcription factors octamer-binding protein 4 (Oct-4) and nanog. Under certain culture conditions, amniotic epithelial cells form spheroid structures that retain stem cell characteristics. Amniotic epithelial cells do not require other cell-derived feeder layers to maintain Oct-4 expression, do not express telomerase, and are nontumorigenic upon transplantation. Based on immunohistochemical and genetic analysis, amniotic epithelial cells have the potential to differentiate to all three germ layers--endoderm (liver, pancreas), mesoderm (cardiomyocyte), and ectoderm (neural cells) in vitro. Amnion derived from term placenta after live birth may be a useful and noncontroversial source of stem cells for cell transplantation and regenerative medicine.
Reservoir Characterization of the Frontier Tight Gas Sand, Green River Basin, Wyoming (1991)

ABSTRACT A research study has been performed to improve the formation evaluation and reservoir description of the Frontier Formation located in the Green River Basin of southwestern Wyoming. Results of this study are presented which include the integration of data from an extensive wireline logging program, a comprehensive core analysis program, and well test production performance from two wells completed in the Frontier formation. Features of several core analysis techniques are reviewed which were used to determine more accurately the ¡η-situ porosity, water saturation, permeability and producibility from logs. This includes correcting core water saturation for mud filtrate invasion, correcting porosity and permeability to net overburden stress, and comparing core data and log responses to quality control the laboratory core analyses. Log derived lithology was calibrated to that determined from cores using thin section point count and x-ray diffraction analysis. The log evaluation model, which was calibrated to core porosity, uses porosity and saturation exponents derived from electrical property measurements on cores. A preliminary log derived permeability relationship has been developed and compared to that obtained from production well tests.
Inhalation of activated protein C: A possible new adjunctive intervention in acute respiratory distress syndrome. (2007)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a potential lethal disease. At present time no evidence based intervention reduces mortality. The pathophysiology of ARDS include intraalveolar fibrin deposition, hyperinflammation and reduced cellular host defense in the airspace. The normal lung activates protein C (PC) to activated protein C (APC), in contrast to the ARDS lung where the PC-APC axis is disrupted. The lungs have targets for inhaled APC as illustrated by a patient case with ARDS, unresponsive to conventional therapy. After inhalation of 190 μg/kg of APC (Drotrecogin alpha activated) three times a day for seven days, a clear reduction in infiltrates on chest X-ray and a 138% increase in oxygenation capacity as reflected by the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was brought about. The patient, however, died later after cardiac arrest after suspected recurrence of the T-cell lymphoma. No local or systemic adverse effects was found related to the iAPC, during, after or at the time of death. It is suggested based on existing studies and the presented case that inhaled APC is a new treatment option in patients with ARDS – a hypothesis which should be substantiated in a larger series of ARDS patients.
Neonatal Treatment With Beta‐Cell Stimulatory Agents Reduces the Incidence of Diabetes in BB Rats (1999)

The aim of the study was to investigate whether various beta-cell stimulatory drugs, given neonatally, influence the incidence of diabetes in BB rats. Newborn BB rats were treated twice daily for 6 days and diabetes development was observed during the following 200-day study period. Compared to a diabetes incidence of 63.8% in 163 control BB rats which received saline or were untreated, the percentage of experimental BB rats that developed diabetes was as follows in the different subgroups: arginine-glucose: 47% (n = 73, p < 0.02); glucagon: 37% (n = 93, p < 0.0001); tolbutamide-glucose: 36% (n = 58, p < 0.0005); and theophylline-glucose: 39% (n = 41, p < 0.005). A long-term arginine-glucose treatment was not superior to the shorter neonatal treatment. Histological examination revealed a higher degree of insulitis in diabetic than in non-diabetic animals but no difference according to the kind of treatment was observed. Finally, we found that the diabetes incidence in BB rats was higher in the first litter compared to subsequent litters (p = 0.04). Thus, neonatal treatment with various beta-cell stimulatory agents reduces diabetes incidence in BB rats. The theory behind the study, that the treatment accelerates beta-cell maturation leading to increased immunological tolerance towards beta cells, is discussed.
The G2964A 3′-untranslated region polymorphism of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 gene is associated with endometriosis in South Indian women (2007)

We report for the first time an association between the STAT6 G2964A 3'-UTR polymorphism and endometriosis in South Indian women. This finding suggests that STAT6 may contribute to disease susceptibility in endometriosis, which carries an extra interest as the gene lies in a region which has been implicated, albeit weakly, in a previous genomewide scan.
Trace elements in fly ash. Dependence of concentration on particle size (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrace elements in fly ash. Dependence of concentration on particle sizeRichard L. Davison, David F. S. Natusch, John R. Wallace, and Charles A. Evans Jr.Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1974, 8, 13, 1107–1113Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60098a003https://doi.org/10.1021/es60098a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1855Altmetric-Citations495LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lack of analgesic effect of opioids on neuropathic and idiopathic forms of pain (1988)

The aim of the present study has been to assess the responsiveness of various types of chronic pain to opioids given i.v. and tested against placebo in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Pain classified as primary nociceptive was effectively alleviated (P greater than 0.001) while neuropathic deafferentation pain was not significantly influenced by morphine or equivalent doses of other opioids. Also 'idiopathic' pain, defined as chronic pain with no or little demonstrable pathology, failed to respond. The results were not related to whether the patients were regular users of narcotic analgesics or not. The outcome of our double-blind opioid test has proved useful to justify a continued, or discontinued, use of narcotic medication in individual patients. It may also support the indication and choice of invasive stimulation procedures (spinal cord or brain). The results of the study illustrate the misconception of chronic pain as an entity and highlight the importance of recognizing different neurobiological mechanisms and differences in responsiveness to analgesic drugs as well as to non-pharmacological modes of treatment. The opioid test has thus become a valuable tool in pain analysis and helpful as a guide for further treatment.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles Protect Against Acute Tubular Injury (2009)

Administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves the recovery from acute kidney injury (AKI). The mechanism may involve paracrine factors promoting proliferation of surviving intrinsic epithelial cells, but these factors remain unknown. In the current study, we found that microvesicles derived from human bone marrow MSCs stimulated proliferation in vitro and conferred resistance of tubular epithelial cells to apoptosis. The biologic action of microvesicles required their CD44- and beta1-integrin-dependent incorporation into tubular cells. In vivo, microvesicles accelerated the morphologic and functional recovery of glycerol-induced AKI in SCID mice by inducing proliferation of tubular cells. The effect of microvesicles on the recovery of AKI was similar to the effect of human MSCs. RNase abolished the aforementioned effects of microvesicles in vitro and in vivo, suggesting RNA-dependent biologic effects. Microarray analysis and quantitative real time PCR of microvesicle-RNA extracts indicate that microvesicles shuttle a specific subset of cellular mRNA, such as mRNAs associated with the mesenchymal phenotype and with control of transcription, proliferation, and immunoregulation. These results suggest that microvesicles derived from MSCs may activate a proliferative program in surviving tubular cells after injury via a horizontal transfer of mRNA.
Nitric Oxide-Releasing Macromolecule Exhibits Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activity and Utility as a Topical Treatment for Superficial Fungal Infections (2018)

Cutaneous and superficial fungal infections affecting the skin, nails, and hair of humans are caused primarily by dermatophytes of the genera <i>Trichophyton</i> and <i>Epidermophyton</i> or by yeasts of the genera <i>Candida</i> and <i>Malassezia.</i> Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of the nail that frequently coexists with tinea pedis, the most prevalent mycotic skin infection. Efficacy rates for current topical onychomycosis therapies are hampered by low drug penetration across the nail plate, which is theoretically obviated with nitric oxide (NO)-based topical therapies. The Nitricil technology platform is comprised of polysiloxane-based macromolecules that stably release therapeutic levels of NO. In the reported studies, NVN1000, the lead candidate of the platform, was assessed for its spectrum of <i>in vitro</i> activity against a broad range of filamentous fungi and yeast species commonly associated with cutaneous fungal infections. Time-kill assays demonstrated that NVN1000 exhibited fungicidal activity as early as 4 h. Additionally, the penetration of several unique NVN1000 NO-releasing drug product formulations (gel, cream, and lacquer) was evaluated following a single topical application in an <i>in vitro</i> infected human nail assay, with all formulations showing similar inhibition of fungal growth. Repeated topical application in this model demonstrated that a lower-strength dose of NO could achieve the same efficacy as a higher-strength dose after 7 days. Together, these <i>in vitro</i> results demonstrate that NO-releasing treatments rapidly penetrate the nail plate and eradicate the fungal infection, representing promising novel topical therapies for the treatment of onychomycosis and other cutaneous fungal infections.
Change in Engineering Education: One Myth, Two Scenarios, and Three Foci (1996)

Abstract Change is coming to engineering education, but many reform efforts have proceeded without explicitly examining the prime movers of change, the forces that resist change, or the facets or foci of the system that are most in need of change. This essay frames the current debate by seeing change as motivated by external competitive and technological forces. Resistance to change is viewed as being reinforced by the fundamental myth of engineering education that asserts the supremacy of basic research over all other engineering academic activities. After providing evidence that the myth resulted largely from an overestimation of the role of science and an underestimation of the role of engineering in World War II, the essay considers needed organizational, integrative, and programmatic changes. Among these are the creation of student‐faculty teams responsible for delivering a quality education, bottom‐up alliances with industrial clients, and a number of proposals aimed at helping the profession explore its human, philosophical, and historical underpinnings. The essay concludes by warning that times of great change risk making matters worse through the unintended consequences of reform. A principled methodology of reform is suggested that advocates distributed and competitive implementation together with a special appreciation for knowledge that is difficult to articulate.
A compact two-dimensional grating coupler used as a polarization splitter (2003)

We demonstrate a novel polarization splitter based on a two-dimensional grating etched in a silicon-on-insulator waveguide. The device couples orthogonal modes from a single-mode optical fiber into identical modes of two planar ridge waveguides. The extinction ratio is better than 18 dB in the wavelength range of 1530-1560 nm and the coupling efficiency is approximately 20%. The device is very compact and couples light only to transverse-electric modes of the planar waveguides. Therefore, it may be used in a polarization diversity configuration to implement a polarization insensitive photonic integrated circuit based on photonic crystal waveguides.
The Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Pharmaceutical Target for Hypertension (2007)

The soluble epoxide hydrolase appears to be a promising target for the development of antihypertensive therapies based on a previously unexplored mechanism of action. Epoxide hydrolases are enzymes that add water to three membered cyclic ethers known as epoxides. The soluble epoxide hydrolase in mammalian systems (sEH) is a member of the alpha/beta-hydrolase fold family of enzymes and it shows a high degree of selectivity for epoxides of fatty acids. The regioisomeric epoxides of arachidonic acid or epoxyeicosanoids (EETs) are particularly good substrates. These EETs appear to be major components of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs). As such, EETs cause vasodilation and reduce blood pressure. The EETs also are strongly anti-inflammatory and analgesic. By inhibiting sEH, the increase in circulating EETs leads to a reduction in blood pressure in a number of animal models. Potent transition state mimic inhibitors have been developed for the sEH. Some of these sEH inhibitors (sEHIs) show nanomolar to picomolar potency and good pharmacokinetic properties. Because of their unique mode of action they show promise in treating hypertension while reducing problems with end organ failure, vascular inflammation and diabetes. Indeed, the anti-inflammatory properties of the sEHI may make them particularly suitable for treating hypertension in patients with other concomitant metabolic syndromes. They are more potent on a molar basis than most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in reducing PGE2 in inflammation models, they strongly synergize with NSAIDs, and appear to ameliorate apparently unfavorable eicosanoid profiles associated with some cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Synthesis of Modified Building Blocks Containing Amino or Thiol Moieties: Application of Modified Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (1988)

Abstract Modified building blocks have been synthesised and used to prepare 5′- amino and 5′-mercapto-oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Subsequent labelling with fluorophores or metal cluster derivatives generates a range of very useful probes.
Synthesis of estrone via novel intermediates. Mechanism of the coupling reaction of vinyl carbinol with a .beta.-diketone (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of estrone via novel intermediates. Mechanism of the coupling reaction of vinyl carbinol with a .beta.-diketoneC. H. Kuo, D. Taub, and N. L. WendlerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 8, 3126–3132Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01272a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views594Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Functional Characterization of Mutations in the Myosin Vb Gene Associated With Microvillus Inclusion Disease (2011)

Our functional analysis indicates that MYO5B mutations can be correlated with an aberrant subcellular distribution of the myosin Vb protein, and apical recycling endosomes, which, together with the additional compound heterozygous mutations, significantly strengthen the link between MYO5B and MVID.