gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The information grid (1992)

The Information Grid (InfoGrid) is a framework for building information access applications that provides a user interface design and an interaction model. It focuses on retrieval of application objects as its top level mechanism for accessing user information, documents, or services. We have embodied the InfoGrid design in an object-oriented application framework that supports rapid construction of applications. This application framework has been used to build a number of applications, some that are classically characterized as information retrieval applications, others that are more typically viewed as personal work tools.
Li et al 2020 (2020)

The is the matlab code and data profile for a manuscript submission.
CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression by human gingival fibroblasts in periodontal disease (2005)

CXCL12 is a CXC chemokine that is related to lymphocyte infiltration and angiogenesis in inflammatory sites such as arthritis. However, the expression and roles of CXCL12 in periodontal disease are uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of CXCL12 and its receptor, CXCR4, in periodontal tissue and to investigate the properties of CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression by human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). RT-PCR analysis revealed that CXCL12 and CXCR4 mRNA were expressed in both normal gingival tissues and periodontal diseased tissues. Immunohistochemistry disclosed that CXCL12 was expressed and CXCR4 positive cells were found in both normal and periodontal diseased gingival tissues. Our in vitro experiments elucidated that HGF constitutively produced CXCL12, and the levels were enhanced by stimulation with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and macrophage inflammatory protein 3(alpha) (MIP-3(alpha)). On the other hand, heat killed Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and P. gingivalis LPS reduced the CXCL12 production by HGF. Flow cytometry analysis clarified that CXCR4 was highly expressed on HGF, and CXCR4 expression was abrogated by TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and P. gingivalis LPS. Moreover, CXCL12 induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by HGF. Our results demonstrated that CXCL12 might be related to CXCR4+ cells infiltration and angiogenesis both in normal periodontal tissues and periodontal diseased tissue. P. gingivalis, a known periodontal pathogen, inhibits the production of CXCL12 and the expression of CXCR4 by HGF. This fact means that P. gingivalis may inhibit CXCR4+ cells infiltration and neovascularization in periodontal tissue and escape from the immune response.
An online spike detection and spike classification algorithm capable of instantaneous resolution of overlapping spikes (2009)

For the analysis of neuronal cooperativity, simultaneously recorded extracellular signals from neighboring neurons need to be sorted reliably by a spike sorting method. Many algorithms have been developed to this end, however, to date, none of them manages to fulfill a set of demanding requirements. In particular, it is desirable to have an algorithm that operates online, detects and classifies overlapping spikes in real time, and that adapts to non-stationary data. Here, we present a combined spike detection and classification algorithm, which explicitly addresses these issues. Our approach makes use of linear filters to find a new representation of the data and to optimally enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. We introduce a method called "Deconfusion" which de-correlates the filter outputs and provides source separation. Finally, a set of well-defined thresholds is applied and leads to simultaneous spike detection and spike classification. By incorporating a direct feedback, the algorithm adapts to non-stationary data and is, therefore, well suited for acute recordings. We evaluate our method on simulated and experimental data, including simultaneous intra/extra-cellular recordings made in slices of a rat cortex and recordings from the prefrontal cortex of awake behaving macaques. We compare the results to existing spike detection as well as spike sorting methods. We conclude that our algorithm meets all of the mentioned requirements and outperforms other methods under realistic signal-to-noise ratios and in the presence of overlapping spikes.
Vascular pulsations stimulating nitric oxide release during cyclic exercise may benefit health: A molecular approach (Review) (2001)

It is widely assumed that all exercise, regardless of the degree of difficulty or strenuousness, is good (no pain-no gain). In this speculative review of the literature and our research findings we highlight the fact that strenuous exercise taken to the extreme initiates an immune and vascular proinflammatory situation. However, mild cyclic exercise appears to produce health benefits for an individual. In part, this is due to vascular cyclic pulsations, occurring in mild exercise, stimulating constitutive nitric oxide synthase derived nitric oxide release. This in turn down-regulates vascular endothelial cells and immunocytes, as well as their interaction and inhibits the disassociation of NF-kappaB, preventing the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The nitric oxide so generated may even scavenge excess free radicals, preventing tissue damage. Prolonged strenuous exercise appears to limit these positive phenomena because of the maintained and prolonged high blood pressure that reduces the cyclic pulsations, limiting nitric oxide production. We further note that pathological conditions, i.e., Parkinson's disorder, may benefit from mild exercise, i.e., cyclic nitric oxide production, since the inactivity associated with this disease may lead to compromised nitric oxide production, initiating a progressive deterioration of tissues, including peripheral adrenergic neurons, due to a lack of adequate basal nitric oxide levels required to maintain the vascular microenvironment in a mild state of inhibition. We conclude that mild exercise represents an alternate and economical therapy to preserve health and/or diminish the rate of decline of the normal physiological processes that may even be associated with aging.
Forum Theatre: Fishbowl of the Oppressed? (2015)

Forum Theatre as a technique is increasingly being drawn upon within research with marginalised groups.  However the degree to which it’s underlying philosophical approach of emancipatory participation is being incorporated into the use made of it across services and sectors is debatable. Forum Theatre uses drama techniques to draw a group into discussion and reflection about embodied and structural dynamics that otherwise may go unarticulated. As such it is a process that explores the inter-relations of language, materiality, silence, and speaking . This article reflects on a research process that sought to gain the views of people with complex needs about new protection policy in Scotland using Forum Theatre to explore the moment by moment negotiations that people with complex needs face when their life plans and choices come under scrutiny.  Participants made compelling use of embodied expression to highlight issues around decision making and dynamics that can act to silence them within protection processes.  However the degree to which professionals were unwilling to enter themselves into embodied deliberations through participating in Forum Theatre activities, we argue, sealed the process in a bubble not unlike a fishbowl.
Analysis of call processing capacity of base station in CDMA cellular network (1999)

The call processing capacity of base station in CDMA cellular network can be changeable due to the additive loads from handoff, paging and location registration. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the call processing capacity to investigate the effect of these parameters on system capacity, through the traffic modeling of call flow in base station. For the practical analysis, the field data from the operating cell sites are used. The result shows that traffic load of hand-off limits the processing capacity and is more severe than has been expected. We can infer that call processing capacity in the wireless network must be specified with them, in contrast with the fixed network.
Bz-HYDROXYLATED-3-ARYL- AND 3,4-DIARYL-COUMARINS (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBz-HYDROXYLATED-3-ARYL- AND 3,4-DIARYL-COUMARINSNG. PH. BUU-HOÏ, BERNARD EKERT, and RENÉ ROYERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 9, 1548–1552Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01374a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01374a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views310Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and characterization of volatile liquid cobalt amidinates (2008)

Three new volatile cobalt amidinate compounds were prepared: Co(tBuNC(R)NEt)2, R=Me, Et and n-Bu. They were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, X-ray structure analysis, melting point, vapor pressure, vaporization rate, thermal stability and chemical reactivity. They were found to evaporate cleanly without decomposition. Two of them are liquids at room temperature, allowing for more convenient preparation, handling and purification by distillation. They are highly reactive compounds that have been found to be suitable precursors for vapor deposition of cobalt metal, cobalt nitride and cobalt oxide. A new synthetic method allows for the facile and inexpensive preparation of large quantities of these compounds.
Triggers of autoimmune disease in a murine TCR-transgenic model for multiple sclerosis (1997)

The combination of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to human autoimmune responses has made potential triggers of these diseases difficult to identify. We examined how experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis, is triggered using TCR-transgenic mice specific for myelin basic protein (MBP). In these TCR-transgenic mice, EAE can be actively induced and also occurs spontaneously. The incidence of spontaneous EAE in this model is largely confined to adolescence and early adulthood and is more prevalent among males than females, indicating that hormonal influences may contribute to triggering central nervous system autoimmune disease. Disease induction studies show that not all stimuli that activate MBP-specific T cells in vivo also induce EAE. Immunization with MBP peptide stimulates the transgenic T cells to produce Th1 cytokines; however, the activated T cells do not accumulate in the central nervous system and induce EAE unless pertussis toxin is also administered. EAE can be induced by intrathecal injection of either stimulated or nonstimulated transgenic T cells into nontransgenic or transgenic recipients. Therefore, gaining access to the central nervous system appears to be the critical step in this model for the induction of EAE, regardless of the activation state of the T cells.
A new model for learning in graph domains (2006)

In several applications the information is naturally represented by graphs. Traditional approaches cope with graphical data structures using a preprocessing phase which transforms the graphs into a set of flat vectors. However, in this way, important topological information may be lost and the achieved results may heavily depend on the preprocessing stage. This paper presents a new neural model, called graph neural network (GNN), capable of directly processing graphs. GNNs extends recursive neural networks and can be applied on most of the practically useful kinds of graphs, including directed, undirected, labelled and cyclic graphs. A learning algorithm for GNNs is proposed and some experiments are discussed which assess the properties of the model.
Codes of Practice in Management Conduct (1994)

Abstract This chapter discusses the significance of the codes of practice in management conduct. The common system of beliefs existing in a concern, or in one section of a concern, is manifested in the way in which people treat each other. Each firm has its code of practice which defines the kind of conduct appropriate to managerial roles. The code is fixed by the managing director. This is his most important contribution to the welfare of the organization.
Potassium currents contributing to action potential repolarization and the afterhyperpolarization in rat vagal motoneurons (1992)

1. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) in transverse slices of rat medulla maintained in vitro at 30 degrees C. Neurons had a resting potential of -59.8 +/- 1.4 (SE) mV (n = 39) and input resistance of 293 +/- 23 M omega (n = 44). 2. Depolarization elicited overshooting action potentials that were blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX; 1 microM). In the presence of TTX, two types of action potentials having low and high thresholds could be elicited. The action potentials were blocked by cobalt (2 mM) indicating they were mediated by calcium currents. 3. Under voltage clamp, depolarization of the cell from membrane potentials negative of the resting potential activated a transient potassium current. This current was selectively blocked by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) (5 mM) and catechol (5 mM) indicating that it is an A-type current. This current inactivated with a time constant of 420 ms and recovered from inactivation with a time constant of 26 ms. 4. When calcium currents were blocked by cadmium or cobalt, the rate of action potential repolarization was slower. In the presence of tetraethylammonium (TEA; 200-400 microM) or charybdotoxin (CTX; 30 nM) a small "hump" appeared on the repolarizing phase of the action potential that was abolished by addition of cadmium. These results indicate that a calcium-activated potassium current (IC) contributes to action potential repolarization. 5. Actions potentials elicited from hyperpolarized membrane potentials repolarized faster than those elicited from resting membrane potential. This effect could be blocked by catechol, indicating that voltage-dependent potassium currents (IA) can also contribute to action-potential repolarization. In the presence of catechol and calcium channel blockers, action potentials still had a significant early afterhyperpolarization suggesting that another calcium independent outward current is also active during repolarization. This fast afterhyperpolarizations (AHP) was not blocked by TEA. 6. Action potentials were followed by prolonged AHPs, which had two phases. The initial part of the AHP was blocked by apamin (100 nM) indicating that it results from activation of SK type calcium-activated potassium channels. The slow phase was selectively blocked by catechol suggesting that it is due to activation of IA. 7. It is concluded that a TTX-sensitive sodium current and two calcium currents contribute to the action potential in rat DMV neurons. At least three different currents contribute to action-potential repolarization: IC, IA, and a third unidentified calcium-insensitive outward current.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Alfred Tarski's work in set theory (1988)

Alfred Tarski started contributing to set theory at a time when the Zermelo-Fraenkel axiom system was not yet fully formulated and as simple a concept as that of the inaccessible cardinal was not yet fully defined. At the end of Tarski's career the basic concepts of the three major areas and tools of modern axiomatic set theory, namely constructibility, large cardinals and forcing, were already clearly defined and were in the midst of a rapid successful development. The role of Tarski in this development was somewhat similar to the role of Moses showing his people the way to the Promised Land and leading them along the way, while the actual entry of the Promised Land was done mostly by the next generation. The theory of large cardinals was started mostly by Tarski, and developed mostly by his school. The mathematical logicians of Tarski's school contributed much to the development of forcing, after its discovery by Paul Cohen, and to a lesser extent also to the development of the theory of constructibility, discovered by Kurt Gödel. As in other areas of logic and mathematics Tarski's contribution to set theory cannot be measured by his own results only; Tarski was a source of energy and inspiration to his pupils and collaborators, of which I was fortunate to be one, always confronting them with new problems and pushing them to gain new ground. Tarski's interest in set theory was probably aroused by the general emphasis on set theory in Poland after the First World War, and by the influence of Wactaw Sierpinski, who was one of Tarski's teachers at the University of Warsaw. The very first paper published by Tarski, [21], was a paper in set theory.
WAVE PHENOMENA AND ONE-DIMENSIONAL TWO-PHASE FLOW MODELS. PART III: GENERAL CASE; GENERALIZED DRIFT FLUX MODELS; OTHER TWO-FLUID MODELS (1997)

This paper describes analytical work on one-dimensional modeling of two-phase flows. The main focus is on discussing modeling strategies, in particular with relation to propagation phenomena. The "drift flux" approach, with suitable generalization, and the "two-fluid" approach are put in perspective.
Direct Expansion of Functional CD25+ CD4+ Regulatory T Cells by Antigen-processing Dendritic Cells (2003)

An important pathway for immune tolerance is provided by thymic-derived CD25+ CD4+ T cells that suppress other CD25- autoimmune disease-inducing T cells. The antigen-presenting cell (APC) requirements for the control of CD25+ CD4+ suppressor T cells remain to be identified, hampering their study in experimental and clinical situations. CD25+ CD4+ T cells are classically anergic, unable to proliferate in response to mitogenic antibodies to the T cell receptor complex. We now find that CD25+ CD4+ T cells can proliferate in the absence of added cytokines in culture and in vivo when stimulated by antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DCs), especially mature DCs. With high doses of DCs in culture, CD25+ CD4+ and CD25- CD4+ populations initially proliferate to a comparable extent. With current methods, one third of the antigen-reactive T cell receptor transgenic T cells enter into cycle for an average of three divisions in 3 d. The expansion of CD25+ CD4+ T cells stops by day 5, in the absence or presence of exogenous interleukin (IL)-2, whereas CD25- CD4+ T cells continue to grow. CD25+ CD4+ T cell growth requires DC-T cell contact and is partially dependent upon the production of small amounts of IL-2 by the T cells and B7 costimulation by the DCs. After antigen-specific expansion, the CD25+ CD4+ T cells retain their known surface features and actively suppress CD25- CD4+ T cell proliferation to splenic APCs. DCs also can expand CD25+ CD4+ T cells in the absence of specific antigen but in the presence of exogenous IL-2. In vivo, both steady state and mature antigen-processing DCs induce proliferation of adoptively transferred CD25+ CD4+ T cells. The capacity to expand CD25+ CD4+ T cells provides DCs with an additional mechanism to regulate autoimmunity and other immune responses.
Induction of lipogenesis during differentiation in a "preadipocyte" cell line. (1976)

3T3-L1 fibroblasts differentiate in culture into cells having adipocyte character. This transition is accompanied by a 40- to 50-fold rise in the incorporation of [14C]acetate into triglyceride. The increase in lipogenic rate is exactly parallel to a coordinate rise in the activities of the key enzymes of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway (ATP-citrate lyase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthetase). Immunological studies indicate that the elevated acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity is the product of an increased cellular enzyme level.
Smuggling Drugs into the Brain: An Overview of Ligands Targeting Transcytosis for Drug Delivery across the Blood–Brain Barrier (2014)

The blood-brain barrier acts as a physical barrier that prevents free entry of blood-derived substances, including those intended for therapeutic applications. The development of molecular Trojan horses is a promising drug targeting technology that allows for non-invasive delivery of therapeutics into the brain. This concept relies on the application of natural or genetically engineered proteins or small peptides, capable of specifically ferrying a drug-payload that is either directly coupled or encapsulated in an appropriate nanocarrier, across the blood-brain barrier via receptor-mediated transcytosis. Specifically, in this process the nanocarrier-drug system ("Trojan horse complex") is transported transcellularly across the brain endothelium, from the blood to the brain interface, essentially trailed by a native receptor. Naturally, only certain properties would favor a receptor to serve as a transporter for nanocarriers, coated with appropriate ligands. Here we briefly discuss brain microvascular endothelial receptors that have been explored until now, highlighting molecular features that govern the efficiency of nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery into the brain.
Temperature-Responsive Bioconjugates. 3. Antibody-Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Conjugates for Temperature-Modulated Precipitations and Affinity Bioseparations (1994)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) has been modified by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) to create a novel bioconjugate which exhibits reversible phase transition behavior at 32 degrees C in aqueous media. A terminal carboxyl group introduced into PIPAAm molecule by polymerization of IPAAm with 3-mercaptopropionic acid was used for conjugation to IgG via coupling reaction of activated ester with protein amino group. These conjugates exhibited rapid response to changes in solution temperature and significant phase separation above a critical solution temperature corresponding to that for the original PIPAAm. These conjugates bound to antigen quantitatively in aqueous system, and antigen-bound complex also demonstrated phase separation and precipitation above a critical temperature. Precipitate was reversibly redissolved in cold buffer. Though particular conjugate which includes 12 molecules of PIPAAm with 6,100 molecular weight suppressed more than 95% of Fc-dependent binding with protein A, it retained approximately 60% of original specific antigen binding activity. It was manifested that polymer content of conjugate was 20-30 wt% for the case of 6,100 molecular weight of PIPAAm to demonstrate specific antigen binding activity most effectively and to reduce Fc-dependent binding with protein A. IgG-PIPAAm conjugates were soluble in water and formed antigen-bound complex in homogeneous solution system below a critical temperature. These conjugates were separated from solution and other solutes corresponding to PIPAAm nature and scarcely bound to antigen above a critical temperature. It is revealed that temperature-responsive PIPAAm conjugated to biomolecule operated as a switching molecule. These phenomena are attractive for not only reversible bioreactors and protein separations but also carrier substrate to localize biomolecules such as drugs, peptides and hormones in a living body.