gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A model for microtubule-associated protein 4 structure. Domains defined by comparisons of human, mouse, and bovine sequences. (1991)

cDNAs encoding human and mouse microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP 4) were isolated. MAP 4 is encoded by a single gene. Multiple MAP 4 mRNAs are transcribed that are differentially expressed among mouse tissues. Open reading frames for the human and mouse MAP 4 clones indicate three distinct regions consisting of related sequences with different motifs. Approximately 30% of the protein is tandem related repeats of approximately 14 amino acids. Another region contains clusters of serine and proline. Four 18-mer repeats characteristic of the microtubule-binding domains of MAP 2 and tau are located at the carboxyl-terminal portion of MAP 4. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that human and mouse MAP 4 are homologs of the bovine 190-kDa MAP/MAP U (Aizawa, H., Emori, Y., Murofushi, H., Kawasakai, H., Sakai, H., and Suzuki, K. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 13849-13855). Mouse and human MAP 4 and the bovine 190-kDa MAP are approximately 75% similar, indicating that these proteins are all members of the same class. Domains with extremely high conservation (greater than or equal to 88%) are: 1) the extreme amino terminus; 2) a proline-rich region between the KDM and S,P domains; 3) the microtubule-binding domain; and 4) the extreme carboxyl terminus.
IL-10 and its related cytokines for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2004)

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory disorders of gastrointestinal tract. Although the etiology is incompletely understood, initiation and aggravation of the inflammatory process seem to be due to a massive local mucosal immune response. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a regulatory cytokine which inhibits both antigen presentation and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and it is proposed as a potent anti-inflammatory biological therapy in chronic IBD. Many methods of IL-10 as a treatment for IBD have been published. The new strategies of IL-10 treatment, including recombinant IL-10, the use of genetically modified bacteria, gelatine microsphere containing IL-10, adenoviral vectors encoding IL-10 and combining regulatory T cells are discussed in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of these IL-10 therapies are summarized. Although most results of recombinant IL-10 therapies are disappointing in clinical testing because of lacking efficacy or side effects, therapeutic strategies utilizing gene therapy may enhance mucosal delivery and increase therapeutic response. Novel IL-10-related cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, IL-28 and IL-29, are involved in regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. The use of IL-10 and IL-10-related cytokines will provide new insights into cell-based and gene-based treatment against IBD in near future.
Single-Dose Intravenous Iron in Southeast Asian Heart Failure Patients: A Pilot Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study (PRACTICE-ASIA-HF) (2018)

Intravenous FCM administered pre-discharge in Southeast Asians hospitalized with decompensated HF is clinically feasible. Changes in 6MWT distance should be measured beyond Week 12 to account for background therapy effects.
Association Between Progranulin and Gaucher Disease (2016)

Our data demonstrates an unknown association between PGRN and GD and identifies PGRN as an essential factor for GCase's lysosomal localization. These findings not only provide new insight into the pathogenesis of GD, but may also have implications for diagnosis and alternative targeted therapies for GD.
IL-23 and Autoimmunity: New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2008)

The intestinal immune system has the challenge of maintaining both a state of tolerance toward intestinal antigens and the ability to combat pathogens. This balance is partially achieved by reciprocal regulation of proinflammatory, effector CD4(+) T cells and tolerizing, suppressive regulatory T cells. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Genome-wide association studies have linked CD to a number of IL-23 pathway genes, notably IL23R (interleukin 23 receptor). Similar associations in IL-23 pathway genes have been observed in UC. IL23R is a key differentiation feature of CD4(+) Th17 cells, effector cells that are critical in mediating antimicrobial defenses. However, IL-23 and Th17 cell dysregulation can lead to end-organ inflammation. The differentiation of inflammatory Th17 cells and suppressive CD4(+) Treg subsets is reciprocally regulated by relative concentrations of TGFbeta, with the concomitant presence of proinflammatory cytokines favoring Th17 differentiation. The identification of IL-23 pathway and Th17 expressed genes in IBD pathogenesis highlights the importance of the proper regulation of the IL-23/Th17 pathway in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis.
High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization (2015)

Single crystals of methylammonium lead trihalide perovskites (MAPbX3; MA = CH3NH3(+), X = Br(-) or I(-)) have shown remarkably low trap density and charge transport properties; however, growth of such high-quality semiconductors is a time-consuming process. Here we present a rapid crystal growth process to obtain MAPbX3 single crystals, an order of magnitude faster than previous reports. The process is based on our observation of the substantial decrease of MAPbX3 solubility, in certain solvents, at elevated temperatures. The crystals can be both size- and shape-controlled by manipulating the different crystallization parameters. Despite the rapidity of the method, the grown crystals exhibit transport properties and trap densities comparable to the highest quality MAPbX3 reported to date. The phenomenon of inverse or retrograde solubility and its correlated inverse temperature crystallization strategy present a major step forward for advancing the field on perovskite crystallization.
Delivery of DNA into Muscle for Treating Systemic Diseases: Advantages and Challenges (2008)

An efficient and safe method to deliver DNA in vivo is a requirement for several purposes, such as the study of gene function and gene therapy applications. Among the different nonviral delivery methods currently under investigation, in vivo DNA electrotransfer has proven to be one of the most efficient and simple methods. This technique is a physical method of gene delivery consisting of a local application of electric pulses after injection of DNA. This technique can be applied to almost any tissue of a living animal, including tumors, skin, liver, kidney, artery, retina, cornea, or even brain, but the focus of this review will be on electrotransfer of plasmid DNA into skeletal muscle and its possible therapeutic uses for systemic diseases. Skeletal muscle is a good target for electrotransfer of DNA because of the following features: a large volume of easily accessible tissue, an endocrine organ capable of expressing several local and systemic factors, and muscle fibers as postmitotic cells have a long lifespan, which allows long-term gene expression. In this review, we will describe the main characteristics of DNA electrotransfer, including toxicity and safety issues related to this technique. We will focus on the important possible therapeutic applications of electrotransfer for systemic diseases demonstrated in animal models in the recent years, in the fields of monogenic diseases, tissue-specific diseases, metabolic disorders, immune-system-related diseases, and cancer. Finally, we will discuss the advantages and challenges of this technique.
A low-noise 1.6-GHz CMOS PLL with on-chip loop filter (2002)

A 1.6 GHz PLL has been fabricated in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. The PLL consists of an LC-tank circuit, divider, phase detector with charge pump and an on-chip passive loop filter. The VCO exhibits -105 dBc/Hz phase noise at a 200 kHz offset from the carrier. It occupies an active area of 1.5 mm/sup 2/ and dissipates 90 mW from a single 3 V supply.
The cellular pathobiology of the degenerate intervertebral disc and discogenic back pain (2008)

In 2007, three times as many peer reviewed publications covering the biology and biotherapeutics of intervertebral disc (IVD) disease appeared in the literature than in 1997. This is testimony to the upsurge in interest in the IVD, mainly driven by the openings that modern molecular pathology has generated to investigate mechanisms of human disease and the potential offered by novel therapeutic technologies to use data coming from these studies to positively influence chronic discogenic back pain and sciatica. Molecular pathology has shown IVD degeneration, a major cause of low back pain, to be a complex, active disorder in which disturbed cytokine biology, cellular dysfunction and altered load responses play key roles. This has translated into a search for target molecules and disease processes that might be the focus of future, evidence-based therapies for back pain. It is not possible to describe the totality of advances that have been made in understanding the biology of the IVD in recent years, but in this review those areas of biology that are currently influencing, or could conceivably soon impinge on, clinical thinking or practice around IVD degeneration and discogenic back pain are described and discussed.
A Microencapsulated Lewis Acid. A New Type of Polymer-Supported Lewis Acid Catalyst of Wide Utility in Organic Synthesis (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Microencapsulated Lewis Acid. A New Type of Polymer-Supported Lewis Acid Catalyst of Wide Utility in Organic SynthesisShū Kobayashi and Satoshi NagayamaView Author Information Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science Science University of Tokyo (SUT) CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 12, 2985–2986Publication Date (Web):March 17, 1998Publication History Received17 November 1997Published online17 March 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9739289https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9739289rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2632Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldol reactions,Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Lewis acids,Polymers Get e-Alerts
[Adenomatosis of the proximal segment of the common hepatic duct]. (1988)

A male of 52 developed fatal adenomatosis localized atypically in the proximal part of the common hepatic duct. The disease was attended by reactive papillomatosis and subsequent mechanical jaundice. The tumor occurrence may be attributed to a malformation of the duct wall mucous glands.
Semisynthesis of bipyridyl-alanine cytochrome c mutants: novel proteins with enhanced electron-transfer properties (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSemisynthesis of bipyridyl-alanine cytochrome c mutants: novel proteins with enhanced electron-transfer propertiesDeborah S. Wuttke, Harry B. Gray, Stewart L. Fisher, and Barbara ImperialiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 18, 8455–8456Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00071a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00071a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views370Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF ODORANT RECEPTORS IN VERTEBRATES (1999)

The initial step in olfactory discrimination involves the interaction of odorous ligands with specific receptors on the surface of olfactory sensory neurons. The foundation for a molecular understanding of odor recognition in vertebrates was provided by the identification of a family of genes encoding putative odorant receptors, by Buck & Axel in 1991. Odorant receptor (OR) genes from the largest gene family in the vertebrate genome. This review summarizes progress over the past seven years. Major new insights are: Olfaction is accomplished in vertebrates by a very large number of receptors; olfactory sensory neurons express a small subset of the OR repertoire; in rat and mouse, axons of neurons expressing the same OR converge onto defined glomeruli in the olfactory bulb.
Thioflavine T interaction with amyloid β-sheet structures (1995)

AbstractThioflavine T (ThT) interacts in tissue sections with amyloid deposits comprised of a variety of protein species giving a characteristic fluorescent complex. Binding of the dye to amyloid fibrils in suspension generates an amyloid-specific fluorescent signal. This interaction with amyloid fibrils formed from different polypeptides and proteins containing antiparallel β-pleated sheet secondary structure is selective, occurring strongly with amyloid fibrils formed from insulin, transthyretin, polyglycine(I), Aβ (1–40), and weakly with β2–microglobulin. No fluorescence changes were seen with β-sheet fibrillar poly-L-lysine, islet amyloid peptide (20–29), or poly-L-serine. Native forms of transthyretin, insulin, β2-microglobulin, poly-L-lysine, Aβ(1–40), or several proteins containing high percentages of β-sheet were also unreactive. The affinity of the amyloid fibrils for ThT varied: (apparent Kd's 0.033 – 10 μ Amyloid A protein <insulin <ApoAII <polyglycine <transthyretin <Aβ(1–40). The spectral changes induced by the different amyloid fibrils are qualitatively the same regardless of the pKa of the interaction with ThT or the identity of the amyloid fibrils, suggesting that the quaternary and secondary, but not the primary structure of the amyloid fibrils are important in forming the amyloid fibril-specific ThT species. Thus, Thioflavine T provides a useful tool for the investigation of amyloidogenesis in a variety of systems.Key Words: FLUORESCENCETRANSTHYRETININSULINISLET AMYLOID. Aβ(1–40)pHTHIOFLAVINE T (ThT)
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of rice straw into ethanol. (1995)

The physicochemical pretreatment of ball milled rice straw with different oxidizing agents, peracetic acid, alkali-peroxide, manganese-peroxide compounds under steaming pressure were studied. The pretreatment resulted in major changes in chemical composition of rice straw. The peroxide treated substrates were found to be most susceptible to enzymatic saccharification. A maximum saccharification (77.4%) of alkaline-peroxide treated rice straw (5%, w/v) was achieved using cellulase enzyme produced by mixed cultivation of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 and Aspergillus ochraceus containing 1.83 FPU, 1.63 cellobiase and xylanase 2.03 IU/ml. The hydrolysate was fermented using coculture of a temperature resistant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pachysolen tannophilus resulting in 1.5% (w/v) ethanol. The SSF of 10.0% (w/v) H2O2-MnSO4 treated straw yielded maximum ethanol (2.9%, w/v) after 72 h at 40 degrees C. As a consequence of the well-balanced cellulase production by mixed fungal culture, the supplementation of cellobiase or xylanase was not necessary in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process.
Dissociation and characterization of pilin isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains PAK and PAO (1982)

Pili isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains PAK and PAO have been dissociated into subunits using the detergent octyl glucoside. Circular dichroism studies indicated that no change in protein conformation occurs as a result of this treatment. Ultracentrifugation measurements showed that both pilins have a Stokes radius of 21 A (1 A = 0.1 nm) corresponding to an axial ratio of between 3:1 and 5:1, when approximated as prolate or oblate ellipsoids. Sedimentation equilibrium measurements show that even at low protein concentrations the pilin-detergent complex exists as a mixture of monomers and dimers.
Speed control of induction motor using neural network sliding mode controller (2011)

In this paper, a new control scheme for speed control is proposed that utilizes sliding mode control (SMC) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to achieve the robustness. First, the design of conventional sliding mode control scheme is investigated. However, the bounds of uncertainties in the induction motor are needed to preserve the robust property. The proposed neural network sliding mode control law can avoid calculating the limits of the uncertainties in the induction motor, and be robust to these uncertainties. Unlike conventional SMC, a RBFNN controller replaces the output of the sliding mode controller to eliminate undesired chattering. Finally, computer simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed control scheme provides robust dynamic characteristics without large chattering.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis with Chiral Diselenides (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Lactoferrin inhibits or promotes Legionella pneumophila intracellular multiplication in nonactivated and interferon gamma-activated human monocytes depending upon its degree of iron saturation. Iron-lactoferrin and nonphysiologic iron chelates reverse monocyte activation against Legionella pneumophila. (1991)

We have been exploring the role of iron in the pathogenesis of the intracellular bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication in human monocytes is iron dependent and that IFN gamma-activated monocytes inhibit L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication by limiting the availability of iron. In this study, we have investigated the effect on L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication of lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein which is internalized via specific receptors on monocytes, and of nonphysiologic iron chelates which enter monocytes by a receptor-independent route. Apolactoferrin completely inhibited L. pneumophila multiplication in nonactivated monocytes, and enhanced the capacity of IFN gamma-activated monocytes to inhibit L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication. In contrast, iron-saturated lactoferrin had no effect on the already rapid rate of L. pneumophila multiplication in nonactivated monocytes. Moreover, it reversed the capacity of activated monocytes to inhibit L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication, demonstrating that L. pneumophila can utilize iron from the lactoferrin-lactoferrin receptor pathway. The capacity of iron-lactoferrin to reverse monocyte activation was dependent upon its percent iron saturation and not just its total iron content. Similarly, the nonphysiologic iron chelates ferric nitrilotriacetate and ferric ammonium citrate completely reverse and ferric pyrophosphate partially reversed the capacity of IFN gamma-activated monocytes to inhibit L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication, demonstrating that L. pneumophila can utilize iron derived from nonphysiologic iron chelates internalized by monocytes independently of the transferrin and lactoferrin endocytic pathways. This study suggests that at sites of inflammation, lactoferrin may inhibit or promote L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication in mononuclear phagocytes depending upon its degree of iron saturation. In addition, this study suggests a potential role for PMN in host defense against L. pneumophila--providing apolactoferrin to infected monocytes--and it supports the concept that PMN and monocytes may cooperate in host defense against intracellular parasites and other pathogens.
Effects of inhaled nitric oxide in a rat model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia (2000)

Inhaled NO has an important antibacterial effect both in vitro and in vivo against P. aeruginosa and is associated with reduced pulmonary leukocyte infiltration in vivo. These results in a rat model of P. aeruginosa pneumonia suggest that future studies should address the possible clinical effects of inhaled NO therapy in pneumonia.
Vortex polarimetry (2008)

Optical vortices have been applied for the purpose of polarimetry measurement. Vortex polarimetry combines the features of null polarimetry and imaging Fourier polarimetry providing one shot measurement. Different polarimeter systems and limiting accuracy factors are discussed.