gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Corona Wind Heat Transfer Enhancement With a Heated Horizontal Flat Plate (1995)

Corona wind enhancement of free convection was investigated with the needle-plate geometry in air. High voltage was applied to a needle suspended above a heated plate, and heat transfer coefficients were computed by measuring the plate surface temperature distribution with an infrared camera. Local heat transfer coefficients greater than 65 W/m2 K were measured, an enhancement of more than 25:1 over natural convection. The enhancement extended over a significant area, often reaching beyond the 30 cm measurement radius. At high power levels, Joule heating significantly reduced the effective impingement point heat transfer coefficient. The corona wind was found to be more efficient with positive potential than with negative. The heat transfer efficiency was optimized with respect to electrode height and applied voltage. The needle-plate heat transfer effectiveness improved rapidly with increasing height, and became relatively insensitive to height above a threshold value of about 5 cm.
The Deep-Sea Tube Worm Hemoglobin : Subunit Structure and Phylogenetic Relationship with Annelid Hemoglobin : Biochemistry (1989)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Quantum Pattern Recognition (2002)

I review and expand the model of quantum associative memory that I have recently proposed. In this model binary patterns of n bits are stored in the quantum superposition of the appropriate subset of the computational basis of n qbits. Information can be retrieved by performing an input-dependent rotation of the memory quantum state within this subset and measuring the resulting state. The amplitudes of this rotated memory state are peaked on those stored patterns which are closest in Hamming distance to the input, resulting in a high probability of measuring a memory pattern very similar to it. The accuracy of pattern recall can be tuned by adjusting a parameter playing the role of an effective temperature. This model solves the well-known capacity shortage problem of classical associative memories, providing an exponential improvement in capacity. The price to pay is the probabilistic nature of information retrieval, a feature that, however, this model shares with our own brain.
[Colostasis in children]. (2007)

The loss of the large bowel motor-evacuation function causes the metabolic processes disorder, the pain and not rare the patients invalidization due to chronic fecal intoxication incidence. That's why, the aim of surgical treatment of patients for chronic colostasis is their complete social rehabilitation. In 1999-2004 yrs 107 patients were operated on, including those, suffering dolychosigm--54, Hirschsprung disease--15, megacolon--36, Pyre disease--2. The correct choice of the procedure as well as the rationality in the treatment tactics in chronic colostasis permits to determine the adequate volume of the operation choused.
PEALD of a Ruthenium Adhesion Layer for Copper Interconnects (2004)

Ruthenium thin films were produced by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) using an alternating supply of bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium [Ru(EtCp)(2)] and NH3 plasma at a deposition temperature of 270 degreesC. The film thickness per cycle was self-limited at 0.038 nm/cycle, which was thinner than the thickness obtained from the conventional ALD using oxygen instead of NH3 plasma. The ruthenium thin film prepared with PEALD had a preferential orientation toward (002), and it was progressively promoted with NH3 plasma power. The PEALD of ruthenium shows a merit in controlling ultrathin film thickness with less than 2 nm more precisely and more easily than the conventional ALD, due to the reduced transient period at the initial film growth stage. Also, ruthenium thin film improved the interfacial adhesion of metallorganic chemical vapor deposited copper to diffusion barrier metals by forming Cu-Ru chemical bonds at the interface without degrading the film resistivity of copper. (C) 2004 The Electrochemical Society.
Workshop 22: OO technology in large financial institutions (1995)

article Free Access Share on Workshop 22: OO technology in large financial institutions Author: Chris Laffra Morgan Stanley Morgan StanleyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN OOPS MessengerVolume 6Issue 4Oct 1, 1995 pp 213–217https://doi.org/10.1145/260111.260284Online:01 October 1995Publication History 0citation180DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads180Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Deep Classifiers from Image Tags in the Wild (2015)

This paper proposes direct learning of image classification from image tags in the wild, without filtering. Each wild tag is supplied by the user who shared the image online. Enormous numbers of these tags are freely available, and they give insight about the image categories important to users and to image classification. Our main contribution is an analysis of the Flickr 100 Million Image dataset, including several useful observations about the statistics of these tags. We introduce a large-scale robust classification algorithm, in order to handle the inherent noise in these tags, and a calibration procedure to better predict objective annotations. We show that freely available, wild tag can obtain similar or superior results to large databases of costly manual annotations.
Extending Mass Spectrometry Contribution to Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Lead Optimization: Characterization of Immune Complexes Using Noncovalent ESI-MS (2009)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have taken on an increasing importance for the treatment of various diseases including cancers, immunological disorders, and other pathologies. These large biomolecules display specific structural features, which affect their efficiency and need, therefore, to be extensively characterized using sensitive and orthogonal analytical techniques. Among them, mass spectrometry (MS) has become the method of choice to study mAb amino acid sequences as well as their post-translational modifications. In the present work, recent noncovalent MS-technologies including automated chip-based nanoelectrospray MS and traveling wave ion mobility MS were used for the first time to characterize immune complexes involving both murine and humanized mAb 6F4 directed against human JAM-A, a newly identified antigenic protein (Ag) overexpressed in tumor cells. MS-based structural insights evidenced that heterogeneous disulfide bridge pairings of recombinant JAM-A alter neither its native structure nor mAbs 6F4 recognition properties. Investigations focused on mAb:Ag complexes revealed that, similarly to murine mAb, humanized mAb 6F4 binds selectively up to four antigen molecules with a similar affinity, confirming in this way the reliability of the humanization process. Noncovalent MS appears as an additional supporting technique for therapeutic mAbs lead characterization and development.
Impaired proliferation and migration in human Miller‐Dieker neural precursors (2006)

These results suggest that, in addition to migration, disruption in cell proliferation could play a more important role in the development of lissencephaly than previously suspected.
Stability properties of constrained queueing systems and scheduling policies for maximum throughput in multihop radio networks (1992)

The stability of a queueing network with interdependent servers is considered. The dependency among the servers is described by the definition of their subsets that can be activated simultaneously. Multihop radio networks provide a motivation for the consideration of this system. The problem of scheduling the server activation under the constraints imposed by the dependency among servers is studied. The performance criterion of a scheduling policy is its throughput that is characterized by its stability region, that is, the set of vectors of arrival and service rates for which the system is stable. A policy is obtained which is optimal in the sense that its stability region is a superset of the stability region of every other scheduling policy, and this stability region is characterized. The behavior of the network is studied for arrival rates that lie outside the stability region. Implications of the results in certain types of concurrent database and parallel processing systems are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fast Automatic Incident Detection on Urban and Rural Freeways Using Wavelet Energy Algorithm (2002)

A comprehensive evaluation is presented of the single-station wavelet energy neural network freeway incident-detection algorithm of Karim and Adeli. Quantitative performance measures of detection rate, false alarm rate, and detection time as well as the qualitative measure of portability are investigated for both urban and rural freeway conditions. Further, the performance of the algorithm is compared with that of California algorithm 8. This research demonstrates the portability of the wavelet energy algorithm and its excellent performance for urban freeways across a wide range of traffic flow and roadway geometry conditions, regardless of the density of the loop detectors. Rural freeways present additional challenges in that flow rates are low and detector stations are spaced further apart. Considering the difficulty in automatic detection of incidents on rural freeways, the new wavelet energy algorithm performs well on such freeways. The algorithm is fast as it detects an incident on urban freeways in less than 2 min and on rural freeways in less than 3 min.
Human T Cells Engineered To Express a Programmed Death 1/28 Costimulatory Retargeting Molecule Display Enhanced Antitumor Activity (2013)

Adoptive transfer of T cells genetically modified to express cancer-specific receptors can mediate impressive tumor regression in terminally ill patients. However, T cell function and persistence over time could be hampered by the activation of inhibitory costimulatory pathways, such as programmed death 1 (PD1)/programmed death ligand 1, leading to T cell exhaustion and providing tumor cells with an escape mechanism from immunosurveillance. In addition, the lack of positive costimulation at the tumor site can further dampen T cell response. Thus, as T cell genetic engineering has become clinically relevant, we aimed at enhancing T cell antitumor activity by genetically diverting T cell-negative costimulatory signals into positive ones using chimeric costimulatory retargeting molecules and which are composed of the PD1 extracellular domain fused to the signaling domains of positive costimulatory molecules such as CD28 and 4-1BB. After characterizing the optimal PD1 chimera, we designed and optimized a tripartite retroviral vector that enables the simultaneous expression of this chimeric molecule in conjunction with a cancer-specific TCR. Human T cells, transduced to express a PD1/28 chimeric molecule, exhibited enhanced cytokine secretion and upregulation of activation markers upon coculture with tumor cells. These engineered cells also proliferated better compared with control cells. Finally, we tested the function of these cells in two xenograft models of human melanoma tumors and show that PD1/28-engineered human T cells demonstrated superior antitumor function. Overall, we propose that engineering T cells with a costimulatory retargeting molecule can enhance their function, which bears important implications for the improvement of T cell immunotherapy.
The biology of CML blast crisis (2004)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) evolves from a chronic phase characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome as the sole genetic abnormality into blast crisis, which is often associated with additional chromosomal and molecular secondary changes. Although the pathogenic effects of most CML blast crisis secondary changes are still poorly understood, ample evidence suggests that the phenotype of CML blast crisis cells (enhanced proliferation and survival, differentiation arrest) depends on cooperation of BCR/ABL with genes dysregulated during disease progression. Most genetic abnormalities of CML blast crisis have a direct or indirect effect on p53 or Rb (or both) gene activity, which are primarily required for cell proliferation and survival, but not differentiation. Thus, the differentiation arrest of CML blast crisis cells is a secondary consequence of these abnormalities or is caused by dysregulation of differentiation-regulatory genes (ie, C/EBPalpha). Validation of the critical role of certain secondary changes (ie, loss of p53 or C/EBPalpha function) in murine models of CML blast crisis and in in vitro assays of BCR/ABL transformation of human hematopoietic progenitors might lead to the development of novel therapies based on targeting BCR/ABL and inhibiting or restoring the gene activity gained or lost during disease progression (ie, p53 or C/EBPalpha).
Nutritional programming of gastrointestinal tract development. Is the pig a good model for man? (2010)

The consequences of early-life nutritional programming in man and other mammalian species have been studied chiefly at the metabolic level. Very few studies, if any, have been performed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) as the target organ, but extensive GIT studies are needed since the GIT plays a key role in nutrient supply and has an impact on functions of the entire organism. The possible deleterious effects of nutritional programming at the metabolic level were discovered following epidemiological studies in human subjects, and confirmed in animal models. Investigating the impact of programming on GIT structure and function would need appropriate animal models due to ethical restrictions in the use of human subjects. The aim of the present review is to discuss the use of pigs as an animal model as a compromise between ethically acceptable animal studies and the requirement of data which can be interpolated to the human situation. In nutritional programming studies, rodents are the most frequently used model for man, but GIT development and digestive function in rodents are considerably different from those in man. In that aspect, the pig GIT is much closer to the human than that of rodents. The swine species is closely comparable with man in many nutritional and digestive aspects, and thus provides ample opportunity to be used in investigations on the consequences of nutritional programming for the GIT. In particular, the 'sow-piglets' dyad could be a useful tool to simulate the 'human mother-infant' dyad in studies which examine short-, middle- and long-term effects and is suggested as the reference model.
Recombinant Human Metapneumovirus Lacking the Small Hydrophobic SH and/or Attachment G Glycoprotein: Deletion of G Yields a Promising Vaccine Candidate (2004)

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) has recently been identified as a significant cause of serious respiratory tract disease in humans. In particular, the emerging information on the contribution of HMPV to pediatric respiratory tract disease suggests that it will be important to develop a vaccine against this virus for use in conjunction with those being developed for human respiratory syncytial virus and the human parainfluenza viruses. A recently described reverse genetic system (S. Biacchesi, M. H. Skiadopoulos, K. C. Tran, B. R. Murphy, P. L. Collins, and U. J. Buchholz, Virology 321:247-259, 2004) was used to generate recombinant HMPVs (rHMPVs) that lack the G gene, the SH gene, or both. The DeltaSH, DeltaG, and DeltaSH/G deletion mutants were readily recovered and were found to replicate efficiently during multicycle growth in cell culture. Thus, the SH and G proteins are not essential for growth in cell culture. Apart from the absence of the deleted protein(s), the virions produced by the gene deletion mutants were similar by protein yield and gel electrophoresis protein profile to wild-type HMPV. When administered intranasally to hamsters, the DeltaG and DeltaSH/G mutants replicated in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, showing that HMPV containing F as the sole viral surface protein is competent for replication in vivo. However, both viruses were at least 40-fold and 600-fold restricted in replication in the lower and upper respiratory tract, respectively, compared to wild-type rHMPV. They also induced high titers of HMPV-neutralizing serum antibodies and conferred complete protection against replication of wild-type HMPV challenge virus in the lungs. Surprisingly, G is dispensable for protection, and the DeltaG and DeltaSH/G viruses represent promising vaccine candidates. In contrast, DeltaSH replicated somewhat more efficiently in hamster lungs compared to wild-type rHMPV (20-fold increase on day 5 postinfection). This indicates that SH is completely dispensable in vivo and that its deletion does not confer an attenuating effect, at least in this rodent model.
Structural Basis for Thermal Stability of Human Low-Density Lipoprotein (2005)

The stability of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the major cholesterol carrier in plasma, was analyzed by heating samples of different concentrations at a rate from 11 to 90 K/h. Correlation of the calorimetric, circular dichroism, fluorescence, turbidity, and electron microscopic data shows that thermal disruption of LDL involves irreversible changes in the particle morphology and protein conformation but no global protein unfolding. Heating to 85 degrees C induces LDL conversion into smaller and larger particles and apparent partial dissociation, but not unfolding, of its sole protein, apoB. Further heating leads to partial unfolding of the beta-sheets in apoB and to fusion of the protein-depleted LDL into large aggregated lipid droplets, resulting in a previously unidentified high-temperature calorimetric peak. These lipid droplets resemble in size and morphology the extracellular lipid deposits formed in the arterial wall in early atherosclerosis. The strong concentration dependence of LDL fusion revealed by near-UV/visible CD, turbidity, and calorimetry indicates high reaction order, and the heating rate dependence suggests high activation energy that arises from transient disruption of lipid and/or protein packing interactions in the course of particle fusion and apparent apoB dissociation. Consequently, thermal stability of LDL is modulated by kinetic barriers. Similar barriers may confer structural integrity to LDL subclasses in vivo.
Starvation-induced Cleavage of the tRNA Anticodon Loop in Tetrahymena thermophila (2005)

Amino acid deprivation triggers dramatic physiological responses in all organisms, altering both the synthesis and destruction of RNA and protein. Here we describe, using the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a previously unidentified response to amino acid deprivation in which mature transfer RNA (tRNA) is cleaved in the anticodon loop. We observed that anticodon loop cleavage affects a small fraction of most or all tRNA sequences. Accumulation of cleaved tRNA is temporally coordinated with the morphological and metabolic changes of adaptation to starvation. The starvation-induced endonucleolytic cleavage activity targets tRNAs that have undergone maturation by 5' and 3' end processing and base modification. Curiously, the majority of cleaved tRNAs lack the 3' terminal CCA nucleotides required for aminoacylation. Starvation-induced tRNA cleavage is inhibited in the presence of essential amino acids, independent of the persistence of other starvation-induced responses. Our findings suggest that anticodon loop cleavage may reduce the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs as part of a specific response induced by amino acid starvation.
A One‐Pot Four‐Component (ABC2) Synthesis of Macrocycles (2003)

Six bonds are generated in one pot with concomitant creation of two oxazole groups as part of a new macrocycle. Simply mixing a diamine (2) and an aldehyde (3; 1:2 molar ratio) in MeOH at room temperature, followed by addition of diisocyanoacetamide (4) and heating at reflux, provides symmetric cyclophanes in good yield.
Efficient Pd-Catalyzed Amination of Heteroaryl Halides (2005)

The Pd-catalyzed amination of a variety of heteroaryl halides has been accomplished by utilizing bulky electron-rich biaryl phosphine ligands. In particular, we report the first couplings of amines with chloro- and bromoindoles bearing a free NH, as well as the first Pd-catalyzed aminations of a 5-halopyrimidine. [reaction: see text]
What's 'real' about real-time systems? (2003)

A real-time system is a concurrent computing system whose computations and actions must satisfy time constraints. Guaranteeing that such a system will meet its constraints can be viewed either in terms of an extended model of program correctness or as a problem of scheduling, e.g. establishing a feasible schedule. However, a crucial distinction between real-time and other concurrent programs is not merely that of time, but that the former must often execute on systems with limited resources. The authors give a short account of a limited resource semantics of program execution. The model can serve both as the basis for a formal specification system for real-time programs and to characterize real-time scheduling problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Aziridinium from N,N-Dibenzyl Serine Methyl Ester:  Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure β-Amino and α,β-Diamino Esters (2006)

[reaction: see text] Reaction of N,N-dibenzyl-O-methylsulfonyl serine methyl ester with a variety of heteronucleophiles (sodium azide, sodium phthalimide, amines, thiols) and carbanions (sodium malonate) gave, via an aziridinium intermediate, the corresponding beta-amino or alpha,beta-diamino ester in good to excellent yield. A short synthesis of orthogonally protected and enantiomerically pure 2,3-diamino propionate (Dap) is described.
A Personal Computer for Children of All Ages (1972)

This note speculates about the emergence of personal, portable information manipulators and their effects when used by both children and adults. Although it should be read as science fiction, current trends in miniaturization and price reduction almost guarantee that many of the notions discussed will actually happen in the near future.