gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation sterilization and the wear rate of polyethylene (1984)

The resistance to sliding wear was measured in bovine serum for two polyethylenes with molecular weights of about 10(5) and 10(6) that had been irradiated in air and nitrogen with gamma-ray dosages up to 20 Mrad. Molecular weight measurements were performed after irradiation as well. Wear generally increased with dosage and contact stress, becoming measurable in many cases only after a critical dose (or stress) was exceeded. The most significant effect noted was that the irradiation changed the pressure dependence of the wear rate. Thus, whether or not a sterilizing (or resterilizing) dose will measurably increase the wear depends on the contact stress and, therefore, on the specific application. The increase in wear rate appeared to be due to a combination of scission and oxidation, suggesting the practical advisability of radiation sterilization under an inert atmosphere, as confirmed by comparative measurements at the higher dosages.
A Rapid, Simple, and Reproducible Method for the Isolation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Wharton's Jelly Without Enzymatic Treatment (2010)

The co-infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with hematopoietic stem cells could improve the hematopoietic engraftment after cord blood transplant. Adult bone marrow is the major source of MSCs for cell therapy. However, bone marrow aspiration involves an invasive procedure and, in the case of a cord blood transplant, requires the use of a third party. The umbilical cord matrix, called Wharton's jelly (WJ), was previously shown to be a valuable source of MSCs. However, the process of cell separation is not standardized and needs to be optimized. In this study, we focused on the efficiency of the isolation procedure and expansion of cells from WJ MSCs isolated from human full-term umbilical cords. MSCs were isolated from the WJ without enzyme digestion or dissection. The procedure was based only on the plastic adhesion capacities of MSCs. Briefly, umbilical cord segments of 5-10 cm were cut longitudinally and plated with the WJ onto a plastic surface for 5 days in an appropriate culture medium. After removing the cord segment, the culture was pursued until subconfluency. The number of cells and their phenotypes, clonogenic capacities, differentiation capacities, immunomodulation, and hematopoietic supportive functions were evaluated. Using this method, we were able to isolate MSCs from all human umbilical cords analyzed (n = 50). We obtained a mean of 1.4 × 10(8) cells at the second passage and >7 × 10(9) cells at the third. The expanded cells expressed characteristic markers and presented typical functional properties of MSCs such as differentiation capacities, immunologic properties, and hematopoietic supportive functions. In conclusion, we have established a simple, rapid, and reproducible protocol to isolate abundant MSCs from short segments of umbilical cords.
Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in Escherichia coli in the absence of phospholipid synthesis and release of inhibition by thioesterase action (1994)

The effects of inhibition of Escherichia coli phospholipid synthesis on the accumulation of intermediates of the fatty acid synthetic pathway have been previously investigated with conflicting results. We report construction of an E. coli strain that allows valid [14C]acetate labeling of fatty acids under these conditions. In this strain, acetate is a specific precursor of fatty acid synthesis and the intracellular acetate pools are not altered by blockage of phospholipid synthesis. By use of this strain, we show that significant pools of fatty acid synthetic intermediates and free fatty acids accumulate during inhibition of phospholipid synthesis and that the rate of synthesis of these intermediates is 10 to 20% of the rate at which fatty acids are synthesized during normal growth. Free fatty acids of abnormal chain length (e.g., cis-13-eicosenoic acid) were found to accumulate in glycerol-starved cultures. Analysis of extracts of [35S]methionine-labeled cells showed that glycerol starvation resulted in the accumulation of several long-chain acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) species, with the major species being ACP acylated with cis-13-eicosenoic acid. Upon the restoration of phospholipid biosynthesis, the abnormally long-chain acyl-ACPs decreased, consistent with transfer of the acyl groups to phospholipid. The introduction of multicopy plasmids that greatly overproduced either E. coli thioesterase I or E. coli thioesterase II fully relieved the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis seen upon glycerol starvation, whereas overexpression of ACP had no effect. Thioesterase I overproduction also resulted in disappearance of the long-chain acyl-ACP species. The release of inhibition by thiosterase overproduction, together with the correlation between the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and the presence of abnormally long-chain acyl-ACPs, suggests with that these acyl-ACP species may act as feedback inhibitors of a key fatty acid synthetic enzyme(s).
Specific induction of migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells by RhoC, which differs from RhoA in its localisation and activity (2009)

RhoA and RhoC are highly related Rho GTPases, but differentially control cellular behaviour. We combined molecular, cellular, and biochemical experiments to characterise differences between these highly similar GTPases. Our findings demonstrate that enhanced expression of RhoC results in a striking increase in the migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells, whereas forced expression of RhoA decreases these actions. These isoform-specific functions correlate with differences in the cellular activity of RhoA and RhoC in human cells, with RhoC being more active than RhoA in activity assays and serum-response factor-dependent gene transcription. Subcellular localisation studies revealed that RhoC is predominantly localised in the membrane-containing fraction, whereas RhoA is mainly localised in the cytoplasmic fraction. These differences are not mediated by a different interaction with RhoGDIs. In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA. Moreover, the catalytic domains of SopE and Dbs are efficacious GEFs for RhoC. mRNA expression of RhoC is markedly enhanced in advanced pancreatic cancer stages, and thus the differences discovered between RhoA and RhoC might provide explanations for their different influences on cell migration and tumour invasion.
Two Pioneering Projects from the Early History of Computer-Aided Algorithmic Composition (2011)

September 01 2011 Two Pioneering Projects from the Early History of Computer-Aided Algorithmic Composition Christopher Ariza Christopher Ariza Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Music and Theater Arts, 4-246, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139-4307 USA. ariza@flexatone.net Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Christopher Ariza Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Music and Theater Arts, 4-246, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139-4307 USA. ariza@flexatone.net Online Issn: 1531-5169 Print Issn: 0148-9267 © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2011 Computer Music Journal (2011) 35 (3): 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1162/COMJ_a_00068 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Christopher Ariza; Two Pioneering Projects from the Early History of Computer-Aided Algorithmic Composition. Computer Music Journal 2011; 35 (3): 40–56. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/COMJ_a_00068 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsComputer Music Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2011 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Hypoxia-selective antitumor agents. 8. Bis(nitroimidazolyl)alkanecarboxamides: a new class of hypoxia-selective cytotoxins and hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (1994)

A series of novel bis(nitroimidazolyl)alkanecarboxamides has been prepared and evaluated for hypoxia-selective cytotoxicity and hypoxic cell radiosensitisation in vitro and in vivo. The compounds were prepared by direct coupling of preformed side chain acid and amine components, using diethyl phosphorocyanidate at room temperature. Although designed to be bis-bioreductive prodrugs of DNA cross-linking agents, none of the compounds showed evidence of DNA cross-linking activity, being equally potent against cell lines deficient and proficient in repair of cross-links. However, one of these compounds, N-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazolyl)ethyl]-4-(2-nitro-1H- imidazolyl)butanamide (10; SN 24699), showed high hypoxic selectivity as a cytotoxin (rising to 200-fold after exposure to the drug for several hours) in the repair-proficient Chinese hamster cell line AA8. This selectivity was greater than observed for the alkylating 2-nitroimidazole (4; RB 6145) (40-fold) or simple mononitroimidazoles (5-25-fold). Investigation of structure-activity relationships for hypoxic selectivity of bis(nitroimidazoles) was restricted by their low aqueous solubility, but a certain minimum separation of the two nitroimidazole units (by more than five atoms) appears desirable. All the compounds radiosensitized hypoxic cells in vitro but were little more potent as radiosensitizers than the corresponding monomeric nitroimidazoles. Compound 10 caused additional cell killing in the KHT tumor when multiple drug doses were administered in combination with a single dose of radiation. It is not yet clear whether this activity reflects hypoxic cell radiosensitization or cytotoxicity toward hypoxic cells, but this new class of bis-bioreductive agent clearly warrants further investigation.
Combining a symptoms index with CA 125 to improve detection of ovarian cancer (2008)

The addition of a symptom index to CA 125 created a composite index with a greater sensitivity for the detection of ovarian cancer than CA 125 alone and identified >80% of women with early-stage disease. A composite marker such as this could serve as a first screen in a multistep screening program in which false-positive findings are identified via transvaginal sonography before referral for surgery, leading to an adequate positive predictive value for the multistep program.
Suppression of serum vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity in normal pregnancy and in pre‐eclampsia (1997)

Our results show that serum concentrations of VEGF are suppressed in pregnancy and further reduced in pre-eclampsia. Further studies to elucidate the mechanisms which lead to a reduction in VEGF concentrations may provide new clues to the aetiology of this disorder.
A possible mechanism for increased breast cell proliferation by progestins through increased reductive 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity (1990)

We have investigated whether progestins may be able to regulate breast cell proliferation by altering the fraction of oestradiol relative to oestrone, using the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. The ability of the two oestrogens, oestradiol and oestrone, to stimulate breast tumour cell proliferation was investigated. Oestradiol in concentration was of 10-fold greater proliferative potency than oestrone. The progestin MPA increased both reductive and oxidative 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity when the tissue culture media pH indicator phenol red was included in the media. When phenol red was excluded from the tissue culture media, MPA increased predominantly the reductive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity, and to a far greater extent than in the presence of phenol red. Other progestins such as levonorgestrel, norethisterone and norethisterone acetate also increased predominantly reductive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity in the absence of phenol red. The action of MPA on reductive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity was increased by treatment with oestradiol to a small but significant extent. We propose that the progestational increase of reductive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity is a possible mechanism by which progestins may increase breast cell proliferation in vivo.
The metabolism of CGS—15873 in man using stable isotope pattern recognition techniques (1992)

CGS 15873 is a relatively specific dopamine agonist with preferential activity at the presynaptic autoreceptor and therefore may represent a novel agent for the treatment of schizophrenia and/or Parkinson's disease. Several metabolites have been identified in the rat and monkey using an isotopically enriched dosing solution and pattern recognition techniques coupled with GC/MS and LC/MS. In this study, the metabolism of CGS 15873 was investigated in man using these same techniques. In urine, specific isotope clusters were found that matched the dosing solution pattern. Three metabolites were identified: an O-glucuronide conjugate of the parent drug, N-despropyl CGS 15873, and a keto metabolite of CGS 15873. Thermospray LC/MS allowed for the direct confirmation of the conjugated metabolite. GC/MS required derivatization but afforded greater sensitivity compared to LC/MS.
Synthesis and Properties of 2‐(2‐Furyl)‐ and 2‐(2‐Thienyl)‐1‐methylphenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazoles. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Coupling of the antitumoral enzyme bovine seminal ribonuclease to polyethylene glycol chains increases its systemic efficacy in mice (2002)

Bovine seminal ribonuclease (BS-RNase) is an antitumoral active enzyme exhibiting specific antitumoral action against a number of different cancer cell lines. However, its systemic use is limited by its pharmacokinetic properties and antigenicity. Therefore, it was conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to overcome these problems. Measurement of aspermatogenic effects of the preparation after s.c. injection and injection into the scrotum was chosen as a model for the distribution of the enzyme in the body mediated by the linkage to PEG chains. Additionally, the antigenicity of BS-RNase coupled to PEG chains (BS-RNase-PEG) was compared to that of free BS-RNase, as antigenicity is known to be one of the main obstacles in the use of protein-based drugs. BS-RNase-PEG caused aspermatogenic effects after systemic administration to mice in very low concentrations at which free BS-RNase is not effective. Moreover, BS-RNase possessed a very low antigenicity as long as it was coupled to the PEG chains. In order to investigate the antitumoral efficacy of BS-RNase-PEG in vivo, preliminary experiments on the effect of the conjugate on neuroblastoma growth in mice were performed in a UKF-NB-3 xeno-transplantate model, demonstrating a drastically increased anti-tumoral activity of the conjugate compared to the free enzyme.
Circularity-Based I/Q Imbalance Compensation in Wideband Direct-Conversion Receivers (2008)

Communication receivers that utilize I/Q downconversion are troubled by amplitude and phase mismatches between the analog I and Q branches. These mismatches are unavoidable in practice and reduce the obtainable image frequency attenuation to the 20-40-dB range in practical receivers. In wideband multichannel receivers, where the overall bandwidths are in the range of several megahertz and the incoming carriers located at each other's mirror frequencies have a high dynamic range, the image attenuation of the analog front-end (FE) alone is clearly insufficient. In this paper, two novel blind low-complexity I/Q imbalance compensation techniques are proposed and analyzed to digitally enhance the analog FE image attenuation in wideband direct-conversion receivers. The proposed algorithms are grounded on the concept of circular or proper complex random signals, and they are, by design, able to handle the often overlooked yet increasingly important case of frequency-dependent I/Q mismatches. The first technique is an iterative one, stemming from adaptive filtering principles, whereas the second one is a moment-estimation-based block method. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated through computer simulations, as well as real-world laboratory signal measurement examples in practical multicarrier receiver cases. Based on the obtained results, the proposed compensation techniques can provide very good compensation performance with low computational resources and are robust in the face of different imbalance levels and dynamics of the received signals, as well as many other crucial practical aspects such as the effects of the communications channel and carrier synchronization.
Direct Observation of Surface-Mediated Thioacetyl Deprotection:  Covalent Tethering of a Thiol-Terminated Porphyrin to the Ag(100) Surface (2006)

Covalent tethering of macromolecules such as porphyrins to metal surfaces underpins bottom-up fabrication of systems intended for a variety of applications. Thiol linkages are especially useful but often need protection during macromolecule synthesis. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy, we directly observe the spontaneous deprotection of an acetyl-protected thioporphyrin upon contact with a silver surface, without the intervention of any solution-mediated chemistry.
Tribenzotropone from a 1,3-Rearrangement1 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTribenzotropone from a 1,3-Rearrangement1MARTIN STILES and ARTHUR J. LIBBEY Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 10, 1243–1246Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01361a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01361a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Restenosis Trials Suggest Role For Remodeling (1994)

ABSTRACT CONTROLLED TRIALS are causing researchers to rethink restenosis.The reclogging of arteries that have been cleared with balloon angioplasty or a similar procedure vexes about one third of the 350 000 or more patients who undergo such procedures in the United States each year. Traditional thought and many failed therapeutic approaches have been based on the notion that merely the return of plaque, or intimal hyperplasia, is responsible.We have had several dozen new therapies introduced enabling clinicians to obtain the same unsatisfactory results of 10 years ago but by a greater variety and more costly methods, says Martin Leon, MD, director of cardiovascular research at the Washington (DC) Hospital Center.Controlled trials of several of these drugs and procedures are revealing that reducing plaque does not necessarily reduce restenosis. Animal studies suggest that the amount of intimal hyperplasia that forms after angioplasty explains only a fraction of restenosis. How
Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Cleaved by Caspase-6 Reflects Brain Levels and Cognition in Aging and Alzheimer Disease (2013)

Caspase-6 (Casp6) activation in the brain is implicated early in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). In view of the need for early AD diagnosis, brain Casp6 activity was investigated by measuring Tau cleaved by Casp6 (TauΔCasp6) protein in postmortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 7 non-cognitively impaired; 5 mild cognitively impaired; and 12 mild, moderate, and severe AD patients. Levels of TauΔCasp6 in CSF accurately reflected the levels of active Casp6 and TauΔCasp6 detected using immunohistochemistry in hippocampal sections from the same individuals. Levels of CSF TauΔCasp6 significantly correlated with AD severity and with lower Global Cognitive Scores; Mini-Mental State Examination scores; and episodic, semantic, and working memory scores. Regression analyses suggested that the CSF TauΔCasp6 levels combined with TauΔCasp6 brain pathology predict cognitive performance. These results indicate that CSF TauΔCasp6 levels hold promise as a novel early biomarker of AD.
Visión cliente: un modelo dinámico de gestión de marca (2003)

Han cambiado las tornas. Ya no es la marca la que controla la relacion con el cliente, es este quien decide si desea tener dicha relacion y en que terminos, lo cual significa que se hace necesario un nuevo modelo de gestion de la marca.
Small molecule kinase inhibitors block the ZAK-dependent inflammatory effects of doxorubicin (2013)

The adverse side effects of doxorubicin, including cardiotoxicity and cancer treatment-related fatigue, have been associated with inflammatory cytokines, many of which are regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). ZAK is an upstream kinase of the MAPK cascade. Using mouse primary macrophages cultured from ZAK-deficient mice, we demonstrated that ZAK is required for the activation of JNK and p38 MAPK by doxorubicin. Nilotinib, ponatinib and sorafenib strongly suppressed doxorubicin-mediated phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK. In addition, these small molecule kinase inhibitors blocked the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1 RNA and the production of these proteins. Co-administration of nilotinib and doxorubicin to mice decreased the expression of IL-1β RNA in the liver and suppressed the level of IL-6 protein in the serum compared with mice that were injected with doxorubicin alone. Therefore, by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators, the inhibitors identified in the current study may be useful in minimizing the side effects of doxorubicin and potentially other chemotherapeutic drugs.
A Novel 4.5$\hbox{F}^{2}$ Capacitorless Semiconductor Memory Device (2008)

This letter proposes a novel 4.5F <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> capacitorless dynamic random access memory cell with a floating gate (FG) connected to drain via a gated p-n junction diode. The FG in the proposed memory device is for charge storage and can electrically be charged or discharged by current flowing through a gated p-n junction diode.
Advantages of GaN Substrates in InAlGaN Quaternary Ultraviolet-Light-Emitting Diodes (2004)

We fabricated InAlGaN quaternary ultraviolet (UV)-light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on GaN substrates with a low dislocation density and on GaN templates consisting of n-GaN on sapphire substrates, and compared the characteristics of these LEDs. A UV LED on a GaN substrate showed a considerably higher output power than that on a GaN template and no saturation even at an injection current of 500 mA. Cathodeluminescence images indicated the advantages of using GaN substrates in InAlGaN UV LEDs.