gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion Compensation in Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery (2003)

Minimally invasive beating heart surgery allows a very sparing operation, but increases the requirements for the surgeon: The remaining motion of the mechanically stabilized beating heart makes fast and safe surgery difficult. The goal of an advanced robotic surgery system is to compensate for this motion. This work presents control and vision algorithms necessary for such novel robotic surgery applications. Cartesian position and velocity control laws in a minimally invasive surgery environment allow correct hand eye coordination which the surgeon got used to in open surgery. In combination with appropriate filtering and scaling of input commands, high accuracy manipulation of fine structures is possible. A self-adapting Cartesian force control law reduces the risk of unintentional damage of delicate tissue structures. Motion of the mechanically stabilized beating heart is locally captured by tracking natural landmarks with an affine motion model. To circumvent disturbances of the tracking approach, specular reflections on the heart surface have to be handled appropriately. Automatic detection of landmarks allowing reliable determination of the affine model parameters can be achieved by special confidence measures. A new motion prediction framework is introduced to further increase robustness of the motion tracking scheme. This framework is able to compensate for short occlusions and small disturbances. Additional signals correlated with the heart motion (e.g. electrocardiogram) are included in this prediction scheme to reduce the dependency on visual information.
Distribution of epithelial membrane antigen in normal and neoplastic tissues and its value in diagnostic tumor pathology (1981)

An antiserum raised against human milk fat globule membranes has been used to stain a wide variety of human tissues by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The antigen detected has been designated Epithelial Membrane Antigen and was confined to the luminal and surface membranes (and to a lesser extent the cytoplasm) of epithelial tissues in the normal state. Increased staining was observed in a variety of nonneoplastic disease states as well as in many neoplasms. The staining of tumors is related both to their histogenesis and degree of differentiation, being found only in lesions of surface epithelial or mesothelial origin and being more consistently present in well and moderately differentiated neoplasms. However, strong staining was also present in many anaplastic tumors and this together with the resistance of the antigen to formol fixation and paraffin embedding suggest that the antiserum has a valuable role to play in diagnostic tumor histopathology as an indicator of epithelial differentiation. The distinction of anaplastic carcinomas from malignant lymphomas and the recognition of spindle-cell epithelial malignancies are especially useful applications. The identification of minute metastatic deposits of carcinoma in organs such as the liver and bone marrow is also greatly facilitated. Malignant neoplasms often exhibit patterns of staining different from those of the normal tissues. The possible significance of these patterns is discussed.
Upregulation of CD39/NTPDases and P2 receptors in human pancreatic disease (2006)

Chronic inflammation, fibrosis, atrophy, malignant transformation, and thromboembolic events are hallmarks of chronic pancreatic disease. Extracellular nucleotides have been implicated as inflammatory mediators in many pathological situations. However, there are minimal data detailing expression of ectonucleotidases and type-2 purinergic receptors (P2R) in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. We have therefore defined tissue distribution and localization of the CD39 family of ectonucleotidases and associated P2R in human disease. Transcripts of ectonucleotidases (CD39 and CD39L1) together with P2R (P2X7, P2Y2, and P2Y6) are significantly increased in both chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. CD39 and CD39L1 are preferentially associated with the vasculature and stromal elements in pathological tissues. P2X7 mRNA upregulation was associated with chronic pancreatitis, and heightened protein expression was found to be localized to infiltrating cells. P2Y2 was markedly upregulated in biopsies of pancreatic cancer tissues and expressed by fibroblasts adjacent to tumors. High-tissue mRNA levels of CD39 significantly correlated with better long-term survival after tumor resection in patients with pancreatic cancer. Heightened expression patterns and localization patterns of CD39, P2X7, and P2Y2 infer associations with chronic inflammation and neoplasia of the pancreas. Our data suggest distinct roles for CD39 and P2-purinergic signaling in both tissue remodeling and fibrogenesis with respect to human pancreatic diseases.
Análisis de "Marnie, la ladrona" (2013)

Este articulo analiza el personaje de Marnie en la pelicula de Alfred Hitchcock que lleva
este mismo nombre, a partir de dos elementos confluyentes de analisis. Por un lado,
la relacion del director con la actriz, que se analizara partiendo del texto de D. Spoto
(2012) que constituye una muy interesante biografia de Hitchcock; por otro, el analisis
del personaje en el film, donde se comprobara que esta muy determinado por el
deseo del director hacia Tippi Hedren.
Creation of Stable Poly(ethylene oxide) Surfaces on Poly(methyl methacrylate) Using Blends of Branched and Linear Polymers (1997)

Thin film miscible blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a branched random copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate, P(MMA-r-MnG), were investigated by neutron reflectivity. The branched copolymer, which has a higher surface tension than PMMA, was nevertheless found to segregate to and completely cover both the surface and silicon substrate following annealing in 2000 Å thick films with ≥2 wt % P(MMA-r-MnG). This is in contrast to linear polyethylene oxide, which was depleted at both film interfaces when blended with PMMA and annealed. The reflectivity results were confirmed by contact angle studies, which indicate that the surfaces of P(MMA-r-MnG)/PMMA blends behave like that of pure P(MMA-r-MnG), resulting in a hydrophilic surface that is stable against dissolution in water-based environments. The branched hydrophilic additive is further shown to render PMMA resistant to protein adsorption and cell adhesion.
Role of Glycosylation in the Biosynthesis and Activity of Rabbit Testicular Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (1994)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a type I glycoprotein anchored in the plasma membrane by a hydrophobic domain near its carboxyl terminus. The enzymatically active extracellular domain of ACE is slowly released from the cell by cleavage-removal of its membrane-anchoring carboxyl-terminal region. In the present study, we investigated the role of N- and O-glycosylation in intracellular transport and extracellular cleavage-secretion of rabbit testicular ACE. For ACE expression, we used an in vitro translation system, a permanently transfected mouse cell line, and human and Chinese hamster cells transiently transfected with vaccinia virus-T7 RNA polymerase-driven expression vectors. Sugar modifications of ACE were analyzed by testing its sensitivity to specific glycosidases. Cellular protein glycosylation was inhibited by using chemical inhibitors and a mutant cell line defective in protein glycosylation. Our experiments demonstrated that newly synthesized ACE acquires both N- and O-linked sugars before its cleavage-secretion and complete blockage of glycosylation results in rapid intracellular turnover of underglycosylated ACE. However, ACE synthesized without N-linked complex sugars and O-linked sugars can undergo normal transport and cleavage-secretion, and the underglycosylated protein is enzymatically active.
Focused intracochlear electric stimulation with phased array channels (2007)

A method is described for producing focused intracochlear electric stimulation using an array of N electrodes. For each electrode site, N weights are computed that define the ratios of positive and negative electrode currents required to produce cancellation of the voltage within scala tympani at all of the N-1 other sites. Multiple sites can be stimulated simultaneously by superposition of their respective current vectors. The method allows N independent stimulus waveforms to be delivered to each of the N electrode sites without spatial overlap. Channel interaction from current spread associated with monopolar stimulation is substantially eliminated. The method operates by inverting the spread functions of individual monopoles as measured with the other electrodes. The method was implemented and validated with data from three human subjects implanted with 22-electrode perimodiolar arrays. Results indicate that (1) focusing is realizable with realistic precision; (2) focusing comes at the cost of increased total stimulation current; (3) uncanceled voltages that arise beyond the ends of the array are weak except when stimulating the two end channels; and (4) close perimodiolar positioning of the electrodes may be important for minimizing stimulation current and sensitivity to measurement errors.
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Unsymmetrical Cyanine Dyes:  Understanding Torsionally Responsive Fluorogenic Dyes (2007)

Unsymmetrical cyanine dyes are widely used in biomolecular detection due to their fluorogenic behavior, whereby fluorescence quantum yields can be very low in fluid solution but are significantly enhanced in conformationally restricted environments. Herein we describe a series of fluorinated analogues of the dye thiazole orange that exhibit improved fluorescence quantum yields and photostabilities. In addition, computational studies on these dyes revealed that twisting about the monomethine bridge beyond an interplanar angle of 60 degrees leads to a dark state that decays nonradiatively to the ground state, accounting for the observed fluorogenic behavior. The effects of position and number of fluorine substituents correlate with both observed quantum yield and calculated activation energy for twisting beyond this critical angle.
The Extracellular Region of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Is Composed of Two Independent Structural Units (2007)

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an important cell surface receptor being pursued as a therapeutic target because it has been implicated in complications arising from diabetes and chronic inflammatory conditions. RAGE is a single membrane spanning receptor containing a very small approximately 40 residue cytosolic domain and a large extracellular region composed of 3 Ig-like domains. In this study, high level bacterial expression systems and purification protocols were generated for the extracellular region of RAGE (sRAGE) and the five permutations of single and tandem domain constructs to enable biophysical and structural characterization of its tertiary and quaternary structure. The structure and stability of each of these six protein constructs was assayed by biochemical methods including limited proteolysis, dynamic light scattering, CD, and NMR. A homology model of sRAGE was constructed to aid in the interpretation of the experimental data. Our results show that the V and C1 domains are not independent domains, but rather form an integrated structural unit. In contrast, C2 is attached to VC1 by a flexible linker and is fully independent. The interaction with a known RAGE ligand, Ca2+-S100B, was mapped to VC1, with the major contribution from the V domain but clearly defined secondary effects from the C1 domain. The implications of these results are discussed with respect to models for RAGE signaling.
Conversion of dihydroceramide into ceramide: involvement of a desaturase (1997)

Ceramide has been suggested to be a potent bioactive lipid involved in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Its precursor, dihydroceramide, does not affect these processes. The truncated dihydroceramide analogues N-hexanoyl-[4,5-3H]-d-erythro-sphinganine and N-[1-14C]-hexanoyl-d-erythro-sphinganine were used to study the conversion of dihydroceramide into ceramide by rat hepatocytes. The formation of tritiated water after the addition of the tritiated substrate to intact and permeabilized rat hepatocytes was followed to measure enzyme activity. Desaturation was severely depressed in permeabilized hepatocytes, suggesting loss of cofactors. Of a variety of cofactors tested in the permeabilized cells, NADPH appeared to be stimulatory, pointing to the involvement of a desaturase. In agreement with this, the addition of inhibitors and redox effectors known to affect Delta9-stearoyl-CoA desaturase and Delta1-plasmanyl-ethanolamine desaturase to intact cells resulted in severe inhibition of the desaturation. When added to permeabilized cells fortified with NADPH, these compounds counteracted the NADPH stimulation. The enzyme system was further studied in broken cells. On cell fractionation, the activity was recovered in the microsomal fraction. The results indicate that the conversion of dihydroceramide into ceramide is ctalysed by a desaturase and not by a dehydrogenase or an oxidase as was generally believed.
A universal plasmid library encoding all permutations of small interfering RNA (2005)

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is normally designed to silence preselected known genes. Such selections are inevitably prone to bias as a result of limited knowledge about the biological process, transcript identity, and functions. A library that contains all permutations of siRNA could avoid such problems. In this paper, it is shown that 5 x 10(7) siRNA-encoding plasmids can be constructed in a single tube by using vectors with two mutated RNA polymerase III promoters arranged in a convergent manner. Such a library was used to carry out genomewide screening of functional genes in a phenotype-driven manner. Multiple siRNAs that induce a significant increase of cell proliferation speed were identified.
Synthesis and DSC study of model hard segments from diphenyl methane diisocyanate and butane diol (1982)

Abstract Model hard segments having different chain length and chain terminating groups, such as methyl, ethyl, octyl, and octadecyl, have been synthesized from diphenyl‐methane diisocyanate (MDI) and butanediol and studied by DSC. In the case of short chain ends (i.e., methyl, ethyl, and octyl), hard segments having up to three MDI units show an increase of melting temperature T m , while those with octadecyl chain end have T m increase continuously with the number of MDI units. Enthalpy and entropy decrease with the augmentation of the hard‐segment length. Side groups on the chain ends have a great influence on the melting properties.
A critical role for interleukin‐1 receptor accessory protein in interleukin‐1 signaling (1997)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a central molecule in inflammation and immune responses whose pleiotropic activities are mediated by the type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI). The IL-1RI alone on the cell surface is silent after binding of the ligand. We show that the recently identified IL-1RI accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) converts the silent into a fully functional IL-1RI complex. Although transfection of IL-1RAcP into IL-1RAcP-deficient EL4D6/76 cells did not alter the binding kinetics or dissociation constants of the 125I-labeled IL-1alpha/IL-1RI complex, a very early event, internalization of the activated receptor complex, and a late event, IL-1-stimulated IL-2 production, were successfully restored. Therefore, recruitment of IL-1RAcP is a critical early step in the signaling cascade mediated by the IL-1RI activation complex.
Characterization of a human hematopoietic progenitor cell capable of forming blast cell containing colonies in vitro. (1988)

A hematopoietic cell (CFU-B1) capable of producing blast cell containing colonies in vitro was detected using a semisolid cul- ture system. The CFU-B1 has the capacity for self-renewal and commitment to a number of hematopoietic lineages. Monoclonal antibody to the human progenitor cell antigen-i (HPCA-1) and a monoclonal antibody against the major histo- compatibility class II antigen (HLA-DR) were used with fluo- rescence activated cell sorting to phenotype the CFU-B1. The CFU-B1 was found to express MylO but not HLA-DR antigen; experiments using complement-dependent cytotoxicity to elim- inate DR positive cells confirmed this finding. Pretreatment of marrow cells with two chemotherapeutic agents, 5-fluorouracil and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide facilitated detection of CFU-B1 derived colonies, while diminishing or totally inhibit- ing colony formation by other hematopoietic progenitor cells. CFU-Bl-derived colony formation was dependent upon the addition of exogenous hematopoietic growth factors. Media conditioned either by the human bladder carcinoma cell line 5637 or lectin stimulated leukocytes, as well as recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, interleukin 3 or interleukin la promoted blast cell colony formation. By contrast, neither recombinant erythropoietin, recombinant in- terleukin 4, purified macrophage colony stimulating factor or recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone pro- moted blast cell colony formation.
Oxygen Permeability of Low Density Polyethylene as a Function of Limonene Absorption: An Approach to Modeling Flavor “Scalping” (1990)

ABSTRACT A procedure was developed to measure adsorption (scalping) of limonene by low density polyethylene. The polymer was mounted on an oxygen electrode. Limonene absorption produced an increase in oxygen permeability which appeared proportional to limonene concentration. Diffusion coefficients calculated from permeation curves were similar to diffusion coefficients calculated on a weight change basis.
Advanced breast cancer: a phase II trial with gemcitabine. (1995)

In view of the single-agent activity seen in advanced breast cancer, modest toxicity profile, and novel mechanism of action, gemcitabine deserves evaluation in breast cancer and is an ideal candidate for combination therapy.
Syntheses of Two Pyridine C-Nucleosides as "Deletion-Modified" Analogs of dT and dC (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of Two Pyridine C-Nucleosides as "Deletion-Modified" Analogs of dT and dCHsing-Pang Hsieh and Larry W. McLaughlinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 16, 5356–5359Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00121a071https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00121a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views437Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Novel N-Aryl and N-Heteroaryl Sulfamide Synthesis via Palladium Cross Coupling (2004)

A novel and efficient synthesis of N-aryl and N-heteroaryl sulfamides via an intermolecular palladium-catalyzed coupling process has been developed. The reactions proceeded with good to excellent yields and were tolerant of a wide range of functional groups. [reaction: see text]
Glycobiology:  Toward Understanding the Function of Sugars (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlycobiology: Toward Understanding the Function of SugarsRaymond A. DwekView Author Information The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 2, 683–720Publication Date (Web):March 28, 1996Publication History Received20 July 1995Revised28 October 1995Published online28 March 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr940283bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr940283bresearch-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views12859Altmetric-Citations2459LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Chemical biology,Oligosaccharides,Peptides and proteins,Post-translational modification Get e-Alerts
An Internet-Wide Analysis of Traffic Policing (2016)

Large flows like videos consume significant bandwidth. Some ISPs actively manage these high volume flows with techniques like policing, which enforces a flow rate by dropping excess traffic. While the existence of policing is well known, our contribution is an Internet-wide study quantifying its prevalence and impact on video quality metrics. We developed a heuristic to identify policing from server-side traces and built a pipeline to deploy it at scale on traces from a large online content provider, collected from hundreds of servers worldwide. Using a dataset of 270 billion packets served to 28,400 client ASes, we find that, depending on region, up to 7% of lossy transfers are policed. Loss rates are on average six times higher when a trace is policed, and it impacts video playback quality. We show that alternatives to policing, like pacing and shaping, can achieve traffic management goals while avoiding the deleterious effects of policing.