gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholinergic Neuronotrophic Factors: Fractionation Properties of an Extract from Selected Chick Embryonic Eye Tissues (1980)

An aqueous extract derived from selected intraocular tissues of 15-day chick embryos contains a soluble macromolecular agent which is capable of ensuring the survival of 8-day chick embryonic ciliary ganglionic neurons in monolayer culture. When this ciliary neuronotrophic factor (CNTF) was concentrated using ultrafiltration and subjected to Sephadex G100 and G200 chromatography, activity was detected in most of the eluted fractions. A peak of the most active fractions was eluted in a region corresponding to a molecular weight of 35-40 X 10(3) and contained about 20-30% of the applied protein. CNTF activity bound readily to DE-52 cellulose resin at neutral pH and was eluted with NaCl in a narrow region containing about 20-40% of the applied protein. Gel electrophoretic staining profiles of the active DE52 fraction indicated considerable (but still only partial) simplification in protein composition. While significant CNTF activity losses were incurred in response to each of the above treatments, an active material could be conveniently generated in one working day in milligram amounts having a specific activity of 60,000 trophic units/mg protein. This trophic activity is in the same range as that of the only other known neuronotrophic factor, Nerve Growth Factor.
Toward a Systems Approach to Understanding Plant Cell Walls (2004)

One of the defining features of plants is a body plan based on the physical properties of cell walls. Structural analyses of the polysaccharide components, combined with high-resolution imaging, have provided the basis for much of the current understanding of cell walls. The application of genetic methods has begun to provide new insights into how walls are made, how they are controlled, and how they function. However, progress in integrating biophysical, developmental, and genetic information into a useful model will require a system-based approach.
Letter (1994)

Dear Editor As part of a progressive team on a general paediatric ward, I would be interested to hear from any paediatric unit that has undertaken research which shows that children and young people in hospital benefit from being cared for by nurses in less formal attire than traditional 'unifoms'.
Java Treeview—extensible visualization of microarray data (2004)

Open source software encourages innovation by allowing users to extend the functionality of existing applications. Treeview is a popular application for the visualization of microarray data, but is closed-source and platform-specific, which limits both its current utility and suitability as a platform for further development. Java Treeview is an open-source, cross-platform rewrite that handles very large datasets well, and supports extensions to the file format that allow the results of additional analysis to be visualized and compared. The combination of a general file format and open source makes Java Treeview an attractive choice for solving a class of visualization problems. An applet version is also available that can be used on any website with no special server-side setup.
Cloning of organic solvent tolerance gene ostA that determines n-hexane tolerance level in Escherichia coli (1994)

A variety of genes are involved in determining the level of organic solvent tolerance of Escherichia coli K-12. Gene ostA is one of the genes contributing to the level of organic solvent tolerance. This gene was cloned from an n-hexane-tolerant strain of E. coli, JA300. A JA300-based n-hexane-sensitive strain, OST4251, was converted to the n-hexane-tolerant phenotype by transformation with DNA containing the ostA gene derived from JA300. Thus, the cloned ostA gene complemented the n-hexane-sensitive phenotype of OST4251.
Analysis of 3G and 4G download throughput in pedestrian zones (2016)

3G and 4G coverage and capacity measurement were performed in pedestrian zones for three Croatian cities covering both busy hour (BH) and non-busy hour (NBH). In the paper average radio parameters of all measurements are listed and measurement results for FTP downlink throughput bit rates and round trip time (RTT) for both technologies are given. Measurement analysis has been performed and capacity and coverage comparison for large, middle size and a small city has been given.
TREATMENT OF 4 CASES WITH TEST ANXIETY (1991)

The author reported treatment experiences of 4 cases with test anxiety. The first one was a 15 year old boy with problem of mild attention deficit which caused test anxiety and academic underachievement around the 8th grade in middle school. The second and the third cases were brother and sister. The test anxiety was caused basically due to the problem of mother child relationship. their mother expected too much of her son and always urged him to study and never left him alone. The mothers practically gave up her whole life to devote to oversee her son's academic achievement and her daughter experienced affectional deprivation. The fourth case, a 16 year old boy, was a borderline personality disorder with extreme anger and hostility toward his parents who controled him too much. Different therapeutic approaches appropriate for different cases were described and the relationship between test anxiety and various psychopathology was discussed.
LEVULINIC ACID AND ITS ESTERS (1930)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLEVULINIC ACID AND ITS ESTERSPeter P. T. Sah and Shao-Yuan MaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1930, 52, 12, 4880–4883Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1930Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1930https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01375a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01375a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views717Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Open label trial of clarithromycin therapy in Japanese patients with Crohn’s disease (2006)

This open label study showed encouraging results of clarithromycin therapy in Japanese patients with active Crohn's disease.
Erasing the methyl mark: histone demethylases at the center of cellular differentiation and disease (2008)

The enzymes catalyzing lysine and arginine methylation of histones are essential for maintaining transcriptional programs and determining cell fate and identity. Until recently, histone methylation was regarded irreversible. However, within the last few years, several families of histone demethylases erasing methyl marks associated with gene repression or activation have been identified, underscoring the plasticity and dynamic nature of histone methylation. Recent discoveries have revealed that histone demethylases take part in large multiprotein complexes synergizing with histone deacetylases, histone methyltransferases, and nuclear receptors to control developmental and transcriptional programs. Here we review the emerging biochemical and biological functions of the histone demethylases and discuss their potential involvement in human diseases, including cancer.
Allosteric Inhibition of PTP1B Activity by Selective Modification of a Non-Active Site Cysteine Residue (2005)

The fluorogenic reagent 4-(aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (ABDF) attenuates the functional activity of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B by reacting selectively with a single cysteine residue, leaving other cysteines in the protein unmodified. This modification reduces Vmax without substantially affecting substrate binding (Km), indicative of an allosteric mode of inhibition. Consistent with this, the cysteine residue modified by ABDF, Cys 121, lies outside the catalytic site but makes interactions with residues that contact His 214, which has been shown to be important for catalysis. Cys 121 is highly conserved among phosphatases, and ABDF also inhibits TC-PTP and LAR. These findings illustrate that targeting cysteine residues outside catalytic sites may be exploited in allosterically regulating enzymes. Moreover, these results suggest a new strategy for inhibiting a promising diabetes target.
Cationic lipid nanodisks as an siRNA delivery vehicle (2014)

The term nanodisk (ND) describes reconstituted high-density lipoprotein particles that contain one or more exogenous bioactive agents. In the present study, ND were assembled from apolipoprotein A-I, the zwitterionic glycerophospholipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and the synthetic cationic lipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DMTAP). ND formulated at a DMPC:DMTAP ratio of 70:30 (by weight) were soluble in aqueous media. The particles generated were polydisperse, with diameters ranging from ∼20 to <50 nm. In nucleic acid binding studies, agarose gel retardation assays revealed that a synthetic 23-mer double-stranded oligonucleotide (dsOligo) bound to DMTAP containing ND but not to ND formulated with DMPC alone. Sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation studies provided additional evidence for stable dsOligo binding to DMTAP-ND. Incubation of cultured hepatoma cells with DMTAP-ND complexed with a siRNA directed against glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase showed 60% knockdown efficiency. Thus, incorporation of synthetic cationic lipid (i.e., DMTAP) to ND confers an ability to bind siRNA and the resulting complexes possess target gene knockdown activity in a cultured cell model.
T-CELL TREATMENTS FOR SOLID AND HEMATOLOGICAL TUMORS (2013)

Cell-based therapies have demonstrated potency and efficacy as cancer treatment modalities. T cells can be dichotomized by their T cell receptor (TCR) complexes where alpha/beta T cells (95% of T cells) and gamma/delta T cells (+T cells proliferated to clinically significant numbers and ROR1+ tumor cells were effectively targeted and killed by both ROR1-specific CAR+ T cell populations, although ROR1RCD137 were superior to ROR1RCD28 in clearance of leukemia xenografts in vivo. The second specific aim focused on generating bi-specific CD19-specific CAR+ gamma/delta T cells with polyclonal TCRgamma/delta repertoire on CD19+ artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC). Enhanced cytolysis of CD19+ leukemia was observed by CAR+ gamma/delta T cells compared to CARneg gamma/delta T cells, and leukemia xenografts were significantly reduced compared to control mice in vivo. The third specific aim looked at the broad anti-tumor effects of polyclonal gamma/delta T cells expanded on aAPC without CAR+ T cells, where Vdelta1, Vdelta2, and Vdelta3 populations had naïve, effector memory, and central memory phenotypes and effector function strength in the following order: Vdelta2>Vdelta3>Vdelta1. Polyclonal gamma/delta T cells eliminated ovarian cancer xenografts in vivo and increased survival compared to control mice. Thus, translating these methodologies to clinical trials will provide cancer patients novel, safe, and effective options for their treatment.
Critical overexpression of thrombospondin 1 in chronic leg ischaemia (2005)

The aim of this study was to identify gene expression governing the balance of angiogenic and angiostatic factors in human ischaemic leg tissues. In situ hybridization was used to screen for the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in tissues from 13 amputated limbs from patients suffering from critical leg ischaemia. The authors tested for mRNA of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors 1 alpha and 2 alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, and its receptors VEGFR-1 and -2, the angiopoietin receptor Tie2, and the anti-angiogenic molecule thrombospondin 1. The expression levels of the genes in proximal, healthy muscles were compared with those in the distal, ischaemic counterparts. Surprisingly, only thrombospondin 1 was overexpressed in the ischaemic part of the leg of all patients studied. Thrombospondin 1 mRNA was assayed by real-time RT-PCR and the gene was overexpressed 20-fold. The presence of its encoded protein was confirmed by western blotting. The overproduction of this anti-angiogenic molecule was associated with a decrease in capillary density in the affected muscles. Thrombospondin 1 is thus a marker of chronic ischaemia and may affect angiogenesis in ischaemic tissues.
Differential effects of Pitressin on blood flow and oxygen extraction in canine vascular beds (1978)

Physiologic studies in dogs have been performed with an intravascular flow/diameter sensor which can be introduced directly into the aorta or its branch vessels through a percutaneous radiologic catheter. These studies have focused upon attempts to devise a clinically practical means to protect the small intestine from radiation damage during therapy of abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors. The effects on superior mesenteric, renal, and lower extremity blood flows of controlled infusions of Pitressin given directly into the superior mesenteric artery or into a peripheral vein have been measured. In addition, using these regional flow measurements and arteriovenous differences in oxygen content, regional tissue oxygen extraction rates during Pitressin infusions have also been estimated. The data show that intravenous Pitressin at an infusion rate of 0.0124 U/kg/min may be almost as effective as Pitressin given directly into the superior mesenteric artery in lowering superior mesenteric blood flow (40%-70% reduction for intravenous, 50%-70% for direct arterial infusions) and intestinal oxygen extraction (20%-40% reduction for intravenous, 40%-50% for direct arterial infusions). The effects of Pitressin at similar dose rates on the kidney and the lower extremity are less reproducible, and it is possible that relatively selective radiation protection of the intestine using systemic (intravenous) infusions of Pitressin during abdominopelvic radiotherapy might be achievable.
EphA kinase activation regulates HGF-induced epithelial branching morphogenesis (2003)

Eph kinases and their ephrin ligands are widely expressed in epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that activation of endogenous EphA kinases in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells negatively regulates hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF)-induced branching morphogenesis in collagen gel. Cotreatment with HGF and ephrin-A1 reduced sprouting of cell protrusions, an early step in branching morphogenesis. Moreover, addition of ephrin-A1 after HGF stimulation resulted in collapse and retraction of preexisting cell protrusions. In a newly developed assay that simulates the localized interactions between Ephs and ephrins in vivo, immobilized ephrin-A1 suppressed HGF-induced MDCK cell scattering. Ephrin-A1 inhibited basal ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity; however, the ephrin-A1 effect on cell protrusion was independent of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Ephrin-A1 suppressed HGF-induced activation of Rac1 and p21-activated kinase, whereas RhoA activation was retained, leading to the preservation of stress fibers. Moreover, dominant-negative RhoA or inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase (Y27632) substantially negated the inhibitory effects of ephrin-A1. These data suggest that interfering with c-Met signaling to Rho GTPases represents a major mechanism by which EphA kinase activation inhibits HGF-induced MDCK branching morphogenesis.
El tiempo de trabajo y los problemas no resueltos de control y registro de la jornada y horario (2016)

Nos proponemos un estudio de las garantias formales y documentales aplicables a los limites del tiempo de trabajo, de sus deficiencias y de la doctrina jurisprudencial al respecto. El articulo toma como punto de comparacion la normativa francesa sobre tiempo de trabajo y sus normas sobre cuadros horarios, registro e informacion a los trabajadores para hacer una propuesta de reforma que permita garantizar el derecho de los trabajadores al salario, a la limitacion de jornada y permita el control del fraude a la seguridad social y al fisco en caso de horas trabajadas y no declaradas.
The Rise of Assyria (2020)

In the period between 1500 and 1200 BCE Assyria successfully transformed from a relatively insignificant small city state, that had long lost its central role in long-distance trade networks, into one of the great powers of the Amarna Age in the Ancient Near East. This transformation is the theme of this chapter. It will be argued that the rise of Assyria is best understood as a combination of a highly particular set of historical developments and the successful deployment of Assyrian cultural repertoires, and that the outcome of this process (Assyria as one of the great powers) was not foreseeable until relatively late in the process.
Nickel-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction to Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Phthalides (2002)

Nickel-catalyzed tandem (addition-cyclization) reaction was developed to the enantioselective synthesis of optically active phthalides. The choice of bidentate ligand in this nickel-catalyzed reaction was critical to the formation of the phthalides in good yield and high ee value.
[Thrombopoietic effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin gene transferred to mice mediated by electric pulse on normal and experimental thrombocytopenia mice]. (2001)

The rhTpo gene could be effectively transfected to mice by electric pulse and played thrombopoietic role in vivo.
Teletext and Viewdata Costs as Applied to the U.S. Market (1979)

The prime aim of the Teletext and Viewdata systems in the UK has been to create a significant new market in the home for digital systems based around the domestic colour tv set. To achieve a major penetration of the market, particular attention was taken in formulating the systems specification to achieve simplicity for user operation and minimum decoder costs. At the same time, considerable degrees of freedom have been retained for future evolution without making existing decoders obsolete.
Stories of Cells (2003)

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Kinesins that chew up spindle microtubules might move chromosomes.

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After all the years of searching, could the hunt for an anaphase motor be over? Greg Rogers did not make such a direct claim, but the possibility was the unspoken subtext of his talk about Kin I
Synergistic Engagement of an Ineffective Endogenous Anti-Tumor Immune Response and Induction of IFN-γ and Fas-Ligand-Dependent Tumor Eradication by Combined Administration of IL-18 and IL-2 (2002)

IFN-gamma is a critical component of the endogenous and many cytokine-induced antitumor immune responses. In this study we have shown that the combination of IL-18 and IL-2 (IL-18/IL-2) synergistically enhances IFN-gamma production both in vitro and in vivo, and synergizes in vivo to induce complete durable regression of well-established 3LL tumors in >80% of treated mice. We have observed a nascent, but ineffective, host immune response against 3LL that depends on endogenous IFN-gamma and IL-12 production and the Fas/Fas ligand (Fas-L) pathway. The combined administration of IL-18/IL-2 engages this endogenous response to induce tumor regression via a mechanism that is independent of NK and NKT cells or IL-12, but is critically dependent on CD8(+) T cells, IFN-gamma, and the Fas/Fas-L pathway. These studies demonstrate the importance of IFN-gamma as well as the Fas/Fas-L pathway in both endogenous and cytokine-driven antitumor immune responses engaged by IL-18/IL-2 and provide preclinical impetus for clinical investigation of this potent anti-tumor combination.
VelB/VeA/LaeA Complex Coordinates Light Signal with Fungal Development and Secondary Metabolism (2008)

Differentiation and secondary metabolism are correlated processes in fungi that respond to light. In Aspergillus nidulans, light inhibits sexual reproduction as well as secondary metabolism. We identified the heterotrimeric velvet complex VelB/VeA/LaeA connecting light-responding developmental regulation and control of secondary metabolism. VeA, which is primarily expressed in the dark, physically interacts with VelB, which is expressed during sexual development. VeA bridges VelB to the nuclear master regulator of secondary metabolism, LaeA. Deletion of either velB or veA results in defects in both sexual fruiting-body formation and the production of secondary metabolites.
bcr-abl RNA in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (1987)

The major consequence of the formation of the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome characteristic of leukemia cells of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is fusion of c-abl and bcr genes. Using a sensitive RNase protection technique, we analyzed mRNA from a large number of CML patients. In most, we identified one or both species of bcr-abl chimeric transcripts. These two mRNAs vary in the specific bcr exon joined to abl exon II and are translated into slightly different proteins. The amounts of the fused mRNA within leukemia cells vary considerably between individuals and do not correlate with the phase of the disease.
Scintillation Proximity Binding Assay (2003)

Receptor-ligand interactions have been extensively used to establish the specificity and binding profiles for chemokine receptors and their ligands. Furthermore, receptor-ligand binding assays are used extensively for drug screening. The Scintillation Proximity Assay (SPA) is now a well established screening technology and a considerable number of SPA based receptor screening assays have been run by pharmaceutical companies. This homogeneous radioisotopic technique offers considerable advantages in terms of convenience, safety, and cost. The method utilizes scintillant-containing microspheres that are chemically treated to enable the coupling of molecules (e.g., antibodies, receptors, and enzymes) to their surface. Assays are carried out in aqueous buffers using radioisotopes that emit low energy radiation which is easily dissipated in an aqueous environment.