gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intra-prediction with adaptive sub-sampling (2011)

Intra-prediction improves coding performance by reducing inter-pixel redundancy. However, to accommodate the use of block transforms, not all pixels can be predicted from reconstructed pixels that are located close to themselves. This causes prediction performance to suffer as pixel values further apart are less correlated. This paper presents additional intra-prediction modes designed with the goal of improving prediction performance. Experimental results show an average gain of about 2% in KTA when the new modes are incorporated in the current 8×8 prediction modes. Since the new coding modes (8×8) are designed with transform size smaller than coding block size, the modes can also be useful when the prediction unit is larger than the maximum transform size. The use of smaller transform sizes can potentially lead to reduction of decoder complexity and implementation costs.
Comparison the effect of ephedrine and phenylephrine in treatment of hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section (2012)

Background and Objective: The effectiveness of ephedrine and/or phenylephrine, in treatment of hypotension secondary to spinal anesthesia for cesarean section and their effects on fetal/neonatal outcome were studied. Methods and Materials: Sixty healthy parturients were randomly assigned to two groups; group E (n = 33) received boluses 5 mg/ml increments ephedrine and group P (n = 27) received a boluses of phnylephrine 100 μg/ml increments for treatment of hypotension after spinal block during cesarean section. Changes in maternal blood pressure and heart rate, and incidence of nausea-vomiting, neonatal Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes of delivery, and umbilical arterial blood gas values were recorded. Results: There were no differences in treatment of hypotension following sympathectomy after spinal block with two drugs. Neonatal outcome was similar in two groups. There were not significant differences in umbilical arterial values in two groups. Conclusion: Ephedrine and phenylephrine are both effective vasopressores for treatment of hypotension associated to spinal block during cesarean section without adverse effects on infants/neonates.
Tensidols, New Potentiators of Antifungal Miconazole Activity, Produced by Aspergillus niger FKI‐2342. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Differential Gene Expression Profiling of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Laser Capture Microdissection and Complementary DNA Microarrays (2009)

Our results suggest that using LCM plus DNA microarray analysis may facilitate the identification of clinical molecular markers for disease and novel potential therapeutic targets for LSCC.
Key Issues in the MIS Implementation Process (1994)

Many issues that have the potential to affect the success of an information system development project have been discussed in the literature. Three issues which appeared to discriminate between successful and unsuccessful projects were identified in a 1981 study by Ginzberg. The present study enhances and expands his analysis to evaluate the stability of these issues. The purpose of this updated study is to identify which issues are associated with system development success as measured by computing satisfaction. The results indicate that although some of the issues identified by Ginzberg continue to be relevant to implementation success, their character has changed somewhat. Based on the responses from six companies, end-user computing satisfaction can be explained by the extent of project definition and planning, organizational commitment, breadth of analysis, user responsibility, and commitment to change. User ownership of the system was not considered a issue in the implementation process.Request access from your librarian to read this article's full text.
Reconsolidation of fresh, remote, and extinguished fear memory in medaka: old fears don't die (2004)

Long-term fear memory in the medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) regains transient sensitivity to a consolidation blocker immediately after memory reactivation in retrieval ('reconsolidation'). Here we show that reconsolidation occurs in fresh long-term memories but not in remote memories, and that the apparent amnesia induced by blockade of reconsolidation can be reinstated by an unpaired reinforcer, a procedure that has no effect on amnesia induced by blockade of consolidation. Extinction memory also undergoes post-reactivation reconsolidation, the blockade of which exposes the previously acquired fear. Hence in medaka, the process manifested in reconsolidation seems itself to consolidate; moreover, even when the post-reactivation application of the consolidation blocker is still able to disrupt the memory, the conditioned fear does not seem to go away permanently.
CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CONJUGATED CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEINS (1929)

It has been demonstrated that many multiples of minimal doses of Bacillus typhosus reacting factors can be neutralized by specific immune sera. The potency of a given serum can be conveniently titrated against increasing amounts of reacting factors. If the immune serum is diluted or if the amount of the reacting factors is too large for a given amount of serum, there is obtained neutralization but only irregularly. Normal and heterologous sera (therapeutic meningococcus and erysipelas horse sera) free of normal agglutinins or possessing normal agglutinins of a low titer (1:16) for Bacillus typhosus are not able to neutralize the reacting factors. There is obtained questionable neutralization with a serum possessing normal Bacillus typhosus agglutinins in dilution 1:64. The titer of the neutralizing antibodies increases in the course of immunization. Immune sera exercise a definite protection against the mortality induced by intravenous injection of Bacillus typhosus culture filtrates.
An Ets2 -Driven Transcriptional Program in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Tumor Metastasis (2010)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are implicated in breast cancer metastasis, but relatively little is known about the underlying genes and pathways that are involved. The transcription factor Ets2 is a direct target of signaling pathways involved in regulating macrophage functions during inflammation. We conditionally deleted Ets in TAMs to determine its function at this level on mouse mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Ets2 deletion in TAMs decreased the frequency and size of lung metastases in three different mouse models of breast cancer metastasis. Expression profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in isolated TAMs established that Ets2 repressed a gene program that included several well-characterized inhibitors of angiogenesis. Consistent with these results, Ets2 ablation in TAMs led to decreased angiogenesis and decreased growth of tumors. An Ets2-TAM expression signature consisting of 133 genes was identified within human breast cancer expression data which could retrospectively predict overall survival of patients with breast cancer in two independent data sets. In summary, we identified Ets2 as a central driver of a transcriptional program in TAMs that acts to promote lung metastasis of breast tumors.
The bacteriology and cytology of chronic otitis media with effusion (1982)

The bacteriology and cytology of middle ear effusion from 729 children with persistent otitis media with effusion were studied. Thirty-five percent of these chronic effusions were culture-positive. Type b and non-type b Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria sp. and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the predominant isolates. Serous and mucoid effusion cultures yielded bacteria more often in younger than in older children. In addition bacteria were seen in 17% of the Gram-stained smears of the sterile effusions; Gram-positive cocci predominated in these effusions. Disparate effusion culture results were obtained in 32% of bilateral otitis media cases. Effusions which yielded H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae on culture had more polymorphonuclear leukocytes than did effusions which yielded S. epidermidis or Neisseria or were sterile. Phagocytic cells were equally prevalent in sterile effusions with or without bacteria on Gram stain. Phagocytic cells were seen less often in mucoid effusions from antibiotic-treated patients than in mucoid effusions from untreated patients. The results suggest that certain bacteria in chronic middle ear effusion contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition by eliciting a local inflammatory cell response.
Planar Segmentation of RGBD Images Using Fast Linear Fitting and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (2012)

With the advent of affordable RGBD sensors such as the Kinect, the collection of depth and appearance information from a scene has become effortless. However, neither the correct noise model for these sensors, nor a principled methodology for extracting planar segmentations has been developed yet. In this work, we advance the state of art with the following contributions: we correctly model the Kinect sensor data by observing that the data has inherent noise only over the measured disparity values, we formulate plane fitting as a linear least-squares problem that allow us to quickly merge different segments, and we apply an advanced Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, generalized Swendsen-Wang sampling, to efficiently search the space of planar segmentations. We evaluate our plane fitting and surface reconstruction algorithms with simulated and real-world data.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to the Pterygopalatine Fossa: Anatomic Study (2003)

Our anatomic study shows that this approach can be considered a valid minimally invasive option to approach pterygopalatine fossa lesions.
Chemoprevention of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis in hamster cheek pouch by a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (Celecoxib) and a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (Zileuton). (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2361 

Previous studies have suggested an important role of aberrant arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, especially the cyclooxygenase (Cox) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-Lox) pathways, in oral carcinogenesis. Overexpression of cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2), and overproduction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) have been clearly demonstrated in human oral cancers. Indomethacin and aspirin (non-specific Cox inhibitors) and curcumin (a dietary inhibitor of AA metabolism) exerted chemopreventive effects in the DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis in hamster cheek pouch. In this study, we studied the effects of Celecoxib (a specific Cox2 inhibitor) and Zileuton (a specific 5-Lox inhibitor) on DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis in hamsters. DMBA (0.5% in mineral oil, 0.1ml) was applied topically to the left cheek pouch of male Syrian golden hamsters 3 times/week for 6 weeks. The animals then received topical application (3 times/week) of Celecoxib (3% and 6%, 0.1ml), Zileuton (3% and 6%, 0.1ml), a combination of Celecoxib and Zileuton (both 3%, 0.1ml), or no treatment, for 18 weeks. Celecoxib (6%), Zileuton (6%) and the combination significantly decreased the tumor incidence from 84.6% (22/26) to 56% (14/25, P=0.025), 46.4% (13/28, P=0.003), and 44% (11/25, P=0.002), respectively. The number of tumor was also significantly inhibited by Celecoxib (6%, P=0.01), Zileuton (3%, P=0.02; and 6%, P=0.003) and the combination (P=0.002). All these treatments significantly reduced the tumor volume by 53% (Celecoxib 3%), 63% (Celecoxib 6%), 56% (Zileuton 3%), 74% (Zileuton 6%), and 76% (combination). Tissue levels of PGE2 and LTB4, as determined by enzyme immunoassay, were reduced by Celecoxib and Zileuton, respectively, and were well correlated with the histopathological observations. With in situ hybridization, we found overexpression of Cox2 in the DMBA-treated hamster oral mucosa. Cox2 expression was further enhanced in hyperplasia, dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. The results clearly demonstrated that Celecoxib and Zileuton had inhibitory effects against oral carcinogenesis at the post-initiation stage, and such inhibition was related to their specific effects on Cox2 and 5-Lox. (Supported by NIH grant CA101235)
Geometric matching of 3D objects: assessing the range of successful initial configurations (2002)

This paper considers the matching of 3D objects by a geometric approach based on the iterative closest point algorithm (ICP), which, starting from an initial configuration of two rigid objects, iteratively finds their best correspondence. The algorithm does not converge always to the best solution. It can be trapped in a local minimum and miss the optimum matching. While the convergence of this algorithm towards the global minimum is known to depend largely on the initial configuration of test and model objects, this paper investigates the quantitative nature of this dependence. Considering the space C of relative configurations of the two objects to be compared, we call range of successful initial configurations, or SIC-range, the subspace of C which configurations bring the algorithm to converge to the global minimum. In this paper, we present a frame for analyzing the SIC-range of 3D objects and present a number of original experimental results assessing the SIC-range of a number of real 3D objects.
WebGlimpse: combining browsing and searching (1997)

The two paradigms of searching and browsing are currently almost always used separately. One can either look at the library card catalog, or browse the shelves; one can either search large WWW sites (or the whole web), or browse page by page. In this paper we describe a software tool we developed, called WebGlimpse, that combines the two paradigms. It allows the search to be limited to a neighborhood of the current document. WebGlimpse automatically analyzes collections of web pages and computes those neighborhoods (at indexing time). With WebGlimpse users can browse at will, using the same pages; they can also jump from each page, through a search, to &amp;quot;close-by&amp;quot; pages related to their needs. In a sense, our combined paradigm allows users to browse using hypertext links that are constructed on the fly through a neighborhood search. The design of WebGlimpse concentrated on four goals: fast search, efficient indexing (both in terms of time and space), flexible facilities for d...
ACTH, α-MSH, and control of cortisol release: cloning, sequencing, and functional expression of the melanocortin-2 and melanocortin-5 receptor in Cyprinus carpio (2005)

Cortisol release from fish head kidney during the acute phase of the stress response is controlled by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary pars distalis (PD). Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and beta-endorphin, from the pars intermedia (PI), have been implicated in cortisol release during the chronic phase. The present study addresses the regulation of cortisol release by ACTH and alpha-MSH in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and includes characterization of their receptors, namely, the melanocortin-2 and melanocortin-5 receptors (MC2R and MC5R). We could not demonstrate corticotropic activity of alpha-MSH, beta-endorphin, and combinations of these. We do show a corticotrope in the PI, but its identity is as yet uncertain. Carp restrained for 1 and 7 days showed elevated plasma cortisol and alpha-MSH levels; cortisol is still elevated but lower at day 7 than day 1 of restraint. Interrenal response capacity is unaffected, as estimated by stimulation with a maximum dose ACTH in a superfusion setup. MC2R and MC5R appear phylogenetically well conserved. MC2R is predominantly expressed in head kidney; a low abundance was found in spleen and kidney. MC5R is expressed in brain, pituitary PD, kidney, and skin. Quantitative PCR analysis of MC2R and MC5R expression in the head kidney of restrained fish reveals MC2R mRNA downregulation after 7 days restraint, in line with lower plasma cortisol levels seen. We discuss regulation of corticosteroid production from a phylogenetic perspective. We propose that increased levels of alpha-MSH exert a positive feedback on hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone release to sustain a mild stress axis activity.
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression and interaction with proteinase 3 (PR3) in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (1996)

TGF-beta is a multifunctional cytokine modulating the onset and course of autoimmune diseases as shown in experimental models. The aim of this study was to investigate TGF-beta expression in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), and the possible interactions of this cytokine with lysosomal enzymes identified as ANCA autoantigens (e.g. PR3). This included TGF-beta effects on the translocation of the lysosomal enzymes to the cell surface of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), and the presumed activation of non-bioactive, latent TGF-beta by these enzymes. Patients with various types of systemic vasculitis (SV) were studied, including three different types of AAV (Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)). Regardless of the type of assay applied, the TGF-beta 1 isoform was found to be over-expressed in SV, including AAV, and to correlate with disease activity as shown for WG. Mean TGF-beta 1 plasma levels in AAV patients ranged from 8.9 ng/ml (WG) to 13.3 ng/ml (CSS) (control 4.2 ng/ml; P < 0.01), while TGF-beta 2 levels were not elevated. Flow cytometry analysis showed TGF-beta 1 to be a potent translocation factor for PR3 comparable to other neutrophil-activating factors such as IL-8. PR3 membrane expression on primed PMN increased by up to 51% after incubation with TGF-beta 1. PR3 itself was revealed as a potent activator of latent TGF-beta, thus mediating bioeffects of this cytokine. These findings, together with other features of TGF-beta such as induction of angiogenesis and its strong chemotactic capacity, indicate that TGF-beta might serve as a proinflammatory factor in SV, especially in AAV.
Microwave Plasma Formation of Nanographene and Graphitic Carbon Black (2020)

Aerosol formation of novel carbons offers potential for scale and purity unmatched by condensed phase processes. A microwave driven plasma drives decarbonization of methane to form solid carbon as an aerosol. Dependent upon gas mixture, different forms of carbon are produced: 2D nanographene and a 3D graphitic carbon black analogue. TEM reveals the morphological differences and nanostructure. The ability to tune the dominant form is demonstrated by control of the CH4/Ar ratio. TGA plots reveal the change in products with feed gas composition and quality by oxidation temperature shift. Corresponding Raman analysis illustrates control of graphene content and lamellae quality by peak ratios. To test the origins of the graphitic particles and nanographene, a commercial carbon black was seeded into the microwave reactor, demonstrating a path for graphitic nanostructure evolution and confirming the molecular growth origins for the nanographene.
Laser Fusion Tissue Repair With CO 2 Laser (1989)

Low power CO<sub>2</sub> laser energy is capable of remodeling collagen through a photothermal process. Methods of CO<sub>2</sub> laser tissue fusion have been developed which permit repair of blood vessels, stomach, small bowel, fallopian tube, and vas deferens. Analyses of these reconstructions demonstrate significant injury in the area of laser impact but minimal injury of the luminal surface. Healing proceeds rapidly. The biomechanics of the laser repair are similar to that of suture repair. Preservation of the luminal surface and function, rapid healing, and the absence of foreign body suggest that CO<sub>2</sub> laser repair may provide a better method of tissue reconstruction.
Psychiatric morbidity in the first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients (1997)

There is increasing evidence that genetic factors play a role in the etiology of schizophrenic disorders. One thousand eighty-nine first-degree relatives of schizophrenics and 1,137 controls were studied to discover their psychiatric morbidity. Psychiatric morbidity was found in 16.34% of the first-degree relatives (FDR) of schizophrenics (parents, 5.69%; siblings, 7.71%; offspring, 2.94%) as compared to 6.9% in the controls (P < 0.001). Schizophrenia was found in 8.3% of the patient group, which was significantly higher (0.2%) as compared to the controls. Schizoid-schizotypal personality disorder was found in 3.03% of FDRs of the schizophrenic group. Depressive disorder was found in 4.4% and 2.1% in the control and patient group, respectively, which was statistically significant. Morbidity risk of schizophrenia was found in 16.97%, 6.22% and 5.79% of schizophrenia, schizoid-schizotypal personality disorder and depressive disorder, respectively, in the FDR of schizophrenic group.
Ridge Regression: Biased Estimation for Nonorthogonal Problems (1970)

In multiple regression it is shown that parameter estimates based on minimum residual sum of squares have a high probability of being unsatisfactory, if not incorrect, if the prediction vectors are not orthogonal. Proposed is an estimation procedure based on adding small positive quantities to the diagonal of X′X. Introduced is the ridge trace, a method for showing in two dimensions the effects of nonorthogonality. It is then shown how to augment X′X to obtain biased estimates with smaller mean square error.
Cytokinin Signaling in Arabidopsis (2002)

Cytokinins have been implicated in many developmental processes and environmental responses of plants, including leaf senescence, apical dominance, chloroplast development, anthocyanin production, and the regulation of cell division and sink/source relationships. They were identified in the
Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocyte Survival Is Dependent on Stat3 (2002)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fibroblasts (SFs) are relatively resistant to apoptosis and exhibit dysregulated growth secondary to production of autocrine-acting growth factors and the accumulation of cell-autonomous defects. Many of the cytokines and growth factors expressed during RA synovitis, including IL-6, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and platelet-derived growth factor, activate the transcription factor Stat3 that has been implicated in promoting cell growth and survival. We analyzed the role of Stat3 in mediating the abnormal growth and survival properties of RA synoviocytes using retroviral-mediated gene transfer of a dominant negative mutant of Stat3, termed Stat3-YF. Approximately 3- to 5-fold overexpression of Stat3-YF effectively blocked endogenous Stat3 activation and Stat3-dependent gene expression, including expression of the socs3 and myc genes. Stat3-YF-transduced RA synoviocytes failed to grow in culture, exhibited markedly diminished [(3)H]thymidine incorporation (>90% decreased), and died spontaneously. Cell death occurred by apoptosis, as confirmed by annexin V staining, propidium iodide exclusion, and identification of cells with subdiploid levels of DNA. In marked contrast to control cells, EGF accelerated death of Stat3-YF-transduced SFs, such that >90% of cells were dead within 24-48 h of transduction. These results indicate that ablation of Stat3 function converts EGF from a growth/survival factor for RA synoviocytes to a death factor. Stat3-YF also induced apoptosis in osteoarthritis synoviocytes, and levels of apoptosis were increased by exogenous EGF. Apoptosis in Stat3-YF-transduced osteoarthritis synoviocytes was suppressed when Stat1 activity was blocked using a dominant negative Stat1 mutant. Our results identify Stat3 as an important molecule for RA SF survival, and suggest that Stat3 may represent a good target for gene therapy.