gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endogenous interleukin 6 plays an obligatory role in interleukin 4‐dependent human IgE synthesis (1989)

The lymphokine interleukin (IL) 4 plays a crucial role in the regulation of IgE synthesis. In the present study, the cellular and cytokine requirements for the IL4-dependent induction of IgE synthesis in humans were analyzed. Recombinant IL4 could induce IgE synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and autologous T/B cell mixtures, but not by highly purified B cells. IgE induction by IL4 was strongly decreased in monocyte-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results show that the induction of IgE synthesis by recombinant IL4 is T cell dependent and optimal in the presence of monocytes. IL5 and IL6, but not IL2, IL1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, strongly up-regulated the IL4-dependent synthesis of IgE, with modest effects on cell proliferation. An anti-IL6 polyclonal antibody strongly inhibited IL4-driven IgE production. Endogenous IL6 plays, therefore, an obligatory role in the IL4-dependent induction of IgE. However, a combination of IL4, IL5 and IL6 (with or without IL1) at optimal concentrations could not induce IgE synthesis by purified normal B cells, indicating that cytokine-mediated signals, although essential, are not sufficient for the IL4-dependent induction of IgE synthesis.
Carbon Nanotube Active-Matrix Backplanes for Conformal Electronics and Sensors (2011)

In this paper, we report a promising approach for fabricating large-scale flexible and stretchable electronics using a semiconductor-enriched carbon nanotube solution. Uniform semiconducting nanotube networks with superb electrical properties (mobility of ∼20 cm2 V(-1) s(-1) and ION/IOFF of ∼10(4)) are obtained on polyimide substrates. The substrate is made stretchable by laser cutting a honeycomb mesh structure, which combined with nanotube-network transistors enables highly robust conformal electronic devices with minimal device-to-device stochastic variations. The utility of this device concept is demonstrated by fabricating an active-matrix backplane (12×8 pixels, physical size of 6×4 cm2) for pressure mapping using a pressure sensitive rubber as the sensor element.
Procedures for Tandem Mass Spectrometry on an Ion Trap Storage/Reflectron Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer (1996)

In this work, we demonstrate tandem mass spectrometry on an ion trap storage-reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer (IT/reTOFMS). Ion isolation and activation were achieved by resonant excitation using multi- and single-frequency waveforms generated from an analog circuit. Product-ion spectra of small polypeptides are obtained, which are comparable in fragmentation to those acquired on sector or hybrid mass spectrometers. Several important parameters governing the tandem mass spectrometry process, including the activation tickle voltage, type of collision gas, activation period and cooling period after the fragmentation were optimized using leucine-enkephalin as a model. Although the limited energy deposition from collisional activation in our experiments does not allow efficient fragmentation of large singly charged polypeptides with m/z higher than 1000, the problem may be partially solved by taking advantage of fragmenting the multiply charged ions produced from the electrospray ionization source as demonstrated for a synthetic polypeptide of molecular weight 2782. Compared to the singly charged form, the reduced m/z of multiply charged forms experience a greater trapping force as described by the pseudopotential well-depth model. Increased pseudopotential well-depths for multiply charged species permit the use of greater fragmentation energy at lower RF potentials. These conditions facilitate the fragmentation of large polypeptides, yet are suitable for trapping singly charged fragments. These experiments indicate that the high efficiency associated with ion dissociation and fragment-ion collection in the trap and the storage capability for detection of ions using the non-scanning mode of the IT/ reTOF analyzer may provide an alternative means for acquiring sequence-specific information of polypeptides at low picomol levels of sensitivity.
Cabergoline for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease (2001)

In the management of the motor complications seen in Parkinson's disease, cabergoline can be used to reduce levodopa dose and modestly improve motor impairment and disability with an acceptable adverse event profile. These conclusions are based on, at best, medium term evidence.
Endocannabinoids and related N-acylethanolamines in the control of appetite and energy metabolism: emergence of new molecular players (2007)

Recent findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying the promotion of food intake or, in contrast, the suppression of food intake by anandamide and N-oleoylethanolamine, are summarized. Potential strategies for treating overweight, metabolic syndrome, and type II diabetes are briefly outlined.
The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a driver of the myelodysplastic syndrome phenotype (2016)

Despite genetic heterogeneity, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) share features of cytological dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis. We report that a hallmark of MDSs is activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which drives clonal expansion and pyroptotic cell death. Independent of genotype, MDS hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) overexpress inflammasome proteins and manifest activated NLRP3 complexes that direct activation of caspase-1, generation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and pyroptotic cell death. Mechanistically, pyroptosis is triggered by the alarmin S100A9 that is found in excess in MDS HSPCs and bone marrow plasma. Further, like somatic gene mutations, S100A9-induced signaling activates NADPH oxidase (NOX), increasing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that initiate cation influx, cell swelling, and β-catenin activation. Notably, knockdown of NLRP3 or caspase-1, neutralization of S100A9, and pharmacologic inhibition of NLRP3 or NOX suppress pyroptosis, ROS generation, and nuclear β-catenin in MDSs and are sufficient to restore effective hematopoiesis. Thus, alarmins and founder gene mutations in MDSs license a common redox-sensitive inflammasome circuit, which suggests new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Investigating Animal Abundance: Capture-Recapture for Biologists (1979)

Case studies 87 Field Fig. 5.2 Drosophila study-site with trap positions marked ( • ).this is the same as the point of capture itself.This is the case whenever capture depends on the activity of the investigator.When capture depends on the activity of the animal itself, however, there are two alternatives.The animals from a trap can either be released at the location of the trap itself, on the assumption that, their true prior position being unknown, the trap's location represents their 'mean' position; or they can be released at random throughout that trap's area of influence.The disadvantages of the second alternative are the time it takes, and the fact that each individual will probably be replaced at a position quite different from that prior to capture.The advantages are that individuals as a group will be redistributed approximately as ' before, and unnatural over-crowding will be avoided.
A Unique Approach to Supportive Palliative Care (2006)

The need to provide 24-hour palliative care to those wishing to die at home is both obvious and real. The use of unqualified "professional carers" to provide this care is unique within the literature. Reflexive analysis of the efficacy of a local Palliative Care Respite at Home Service within the United Kingdom revealed services offered by unqualified professional carers proved valuable and beneficial. Little evidence is available to guide practitioners as to the type or richness of service they should provide during palliation. Scant information is available regarding the recommended number and type of visit that should be undertaken. Yet, the service outlined here clearly made a difference to patients' lives because of its unpretentious approach, flexibility, and lack of medicalization. Evidence from this reflective analysis suggests that such services are wanted and needed by users and professionals alike.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents axotomized retinal ganglion cell death through MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways. (2002)

BDNF-mediated signaling involves activation of both MAPK and Akt on the axotomized adult rat retina, and the collaboration of both MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways seems to be necessary in neuroprotective signaling in axotomized RGCs.
Genetic control of the immune response in mice to a Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine. Widespread nonresponsiveness to single malaria T epitope in highly repetitive vaccine. (1986)

Different H-2 congenic strains of mice were immunized with a P. falciparum sporozoite vaccine currently being tested in humans, or with different segments of the vaccine molecule. Specific IgG production or lymph node cell proliferation in response to different antigens was then determined. Only four of seven strains (representing three of eight possible different class II restriction molecules) responded to the vaccine. Of those restriction molecules, only one, I-Ab, was associated with a response to a malaria-encoded T epitope [contained within NP(NANP)3NA], while the other two molecules (E alpha dE beta d and E alpha kE beta s) were associated with a T cell response to a nonmalarial epitope(s) carboxyterminal to the malaria sequence and encoded by a tetracycline resistance gene, read out of frame. If an analogous situation applies in humans, natural boosting by sporozoites will be very restricted. This has serious implications for the effectiveness of the vaccine, since constant high levels of antisporozoite antibodies and possibly antibody-independent T cell effector functions are required for immunity.
Sustained Hypoxia Depresses Sensory Processing of Respiratory Resistive Loads (2005)

These data confirm that isocapnic hypoxia suppresses respiratory load sensation. Decreased amplitude of the earlier (P1) RREP component suggests that this is mediated, at least in part, by suppression of respiratory afferent information before its arrival at the primary sensory cortex.
Implementation of precise interrupts in pipelined processors (1985)

article Free Access Share on Implementation of precise interrupts in pipelined processors Authors: James E. Smith Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WIView Profile , Andrew R. Pleszkun Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WIView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture NewsVolume 13Issue 3June 1985 pp 36–44https://doi.org/10.1145/327070.327125Published:01 June 1985Publication History 158citation1,608DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations158Total Downloads1,608Last 12 Months185Last 6 weeks23 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
CD59: a molecule involved in antigen presentation as well as downregulation of membrane attack complex. (1992)

CD59 is a recently discovered complement (C) regulatory protein. Three activities of CD59 have been recognized so far. It can downregulate the activation of the C cascade at membrane attack complex formation stage, it participates in T-cell rosette formation with erythrocytes and appears to be necessary for T-cell activation. CD59 is broadly distributed on cells of various organs and this is compatible with its function of protecting cells and tissues from incidentally activated autologous C. CD59 is encoded by a single gene residing on chromosome 11. The entire sequence of CD59 cDNA is known, from which the amino acid structure of CD59 has been deduced. Mature CD59 is made up of 103 amino acids. It has two potential N-glycosylation sites. Carbohydrate constitutes about 20% of the molecular mass of CD59. The protein part of the molecule is covalently linked to an oligosaccharide which, in turn, is glycosydically linked to phosphatidylinositol (PI). CD59 is anchored to the cells via PI moiety. The fine structure of the PI anchor of CD59 has not yet been established. Decreased expression of CD59 has been shown in two diseases. In paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, erythrocytes (type III) lacking CD59 (and other PI proteins) have susceptibility to lysis by membrane attack complex. In psoriasis, expression of CD59 (and CD55) is drastically decreased in psoriatic lesions, presumably due to PI cleavage involving signal transduction mechanism(s) leading to increased proliferation of various cell types in lesional skin.
NHC‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized Succinimides from Enals and α‐Ketoamides (2015)

The efficient asymmetric synthesis of highly substituted succinimides from α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and α-ketoamides via NHC-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition has been developed. The new scalable protocol significantly expands the utility of NHC catalysis for the synthesis of heterocycles and provides easy access to assemble a wide range of succinimides from simple starting materials.
Antitumor activities of a cephalosporin prodrug in combination with monoclonal antibody-.beta.-lactamase conjugates (1993)

7-(Phenylacetamido)cephalosporin mustard (CM) and 7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporin mustard (CCM) were developed as anticancer prodrugs that could be activated site selectively by monoclonal antibody-beta-lactamase conjugates targeted to antigens present on tumor cell surfaces. Both CM and CCM were hydrolyzed by purified beta-lactamases from Escherichia coli (EC beta L), Bacillus cereus (BC beta L), and Enterobacter cloacae (ECl beta L). This resulted in the release of phenylenediamine mustard (PDM), a potent cytotoxic drug. The Km and kcat values of the reactions were determined, and it was found that ECl beta L effected the hydrolysis of CM and CCM more rapidly than the other enzymes. Conjugates of ECl beta L were prepared by reacting maleimide-substituted F(ab')2 fragments of the monoclonal antibodies L6 and P1.17 to ECl beta L that had been modified with sulfhydryl groups. In vitro experiments indicated that CCM (IC50 = 25-45 microM) was less toxic than PDM (IC50 = 1.5 microM) to H2981 lung adenocarcinoma cells (L6 antigen positive, P1.17 antigen negative) and that immunologically specific prodrug activation took place when the cells were treated with L6-ECl beta L. In vivo experiments in nude mice demonstrated that CCM was less toxic than CM, and that both prodrugs were much less toxic than PDM. Neither CCM nor PDM exerted antitumor activity on subcutaneous H2981 tumors in vivo. However, a significant antitumor effect was obtained in mice that received L6-ECl beta L 96 h prior to the administration of CCM. The effect was immunologically specific (P < 0.05), since a smaller degree of antitumor activity was obtained in mice that received the nonbinding control conjugate P1.17-ECl beta L prior to CCM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rendering Localized Spatial Audio in a Virtual Auditory Space (2004)

High-quality virtual audio scene rendering is required for emerging virtual and augmented reality applications, perceptual user interfaces, and sonification of data. We describe algorithms for creation of virtual auditory spaces by rendering cues that arise from anatomical scattering, environmental scattering, and dynamical effects. We use a novel way of personalizing the head related transfer functions (HRTFs) from a database, based on anatomical measurements. Details of algorithms for HRTF interpolation, room impulse response creation, HRTF selection from a database, and audio scene presentation are presented. Our system runs in real time on an office PC without specialized DSP hardware.
Molding of Deep Polydimethylsiloxane Microstructures for Microfluidics and Biological Applications (1999)

Here we demonstrate the microfabrication of deep (> 25 microns) polymeric microstructures created by replica-molding polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) from microfabricated Si substrates. The use of PDMS structures in microfluidics and biological applications is discussed. We investigated the feasibility of two methods for the microfabrication of the Si molds: deep plasma etch of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and photolithographic patterning of a spin-coated photoplastic layer. Although the SOI wafers can be patterned at higher resolution, we found that the inexpensive photoplastic yields similar replication fidelity. The latter is mostly limited by the mechanical stability of the replicated PDMS structures. As an example, we demonstrate the selective delivery of different cell suspensions to specific locations of a tissue culture substrate resulting in micropatterns of attached cells.
Creating full view panoramic image mosaics and environment maps (1997)

This paper presents a novel approach to creating full view panoramic mosaics from image sequences. Unlike current panoramic stitching methods, which usually require pure horizontal camera panning, our system does not require any controlled motions or constraints on how the images are taken (as long as there is no strong motion parallax). For example, images taken from a hand-held digital camera can be stitched seamlessly into panoramic mosaics. Because we represent our image mosaics using a set of transforms, there are no singularity problems such as those existing at the top and bottom of cylindrical or spherical maps. Our algorithm is fast and robust because it directly recovers 3D rotations instead of general 8 parameter planar perspective transforms. Methods to recover camera focal length are also presented. We also present an algorithm for efficiently extracting environment maps from our image mosaics. By mapping the mosaic onto an artibrary texture-mapped polyhedron surrounding the origin, we can explore the virtual environment using standard 3D graphics viewers and hardware without requiring special-purpose players.
Postoperative Radiotherapy for Patients with Invasive Cervical Cancer Following Treatment with Simple Hysterectomy (2003)

For patients with invasive cervical cancer following inadvertent simple hysterectomy, external beam radiotherapy combined with one or two fractions of intravaginal brachytherapy could achieve satisfactory disease control. It is recommended to select a high-risk group for intensive adjuvant treatment. Further optimization of the irradiation strategy is also imperative to decrease the incidence of complications.
WAVE PHENOMENA AND ONE-DIMENSIONAL TWO-PHASE FLOW MODELS. PART II: A REFERENCE CASE: FLOW, WITHOUT MASS TRANSFER, OF TWO FLUIDS OF CONSTANT PROPERTIES (1997)

This paper describes analytical work on one-dimensional modeling of two-phase flows. The main focus is on discussing modeling strategies, in particular with relation to propagation phenomena. The "drift flux" approach, with suitable generalization, and the "two-fluid" approach are put in perspective.
Antibodies to Tp67 and Tp44 augment and sustain proliferative responses of activated T cells. (1985)

We have shown previously that binding of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to Tp44 molecules increased the proliferation of anti-CD3-activated T cells by causing enhanced IL 2 receptor expression and IL 2 release. We now show that anti-CD5 (Tp67) antibodies have a similar effect under conditions in which monocytes are suboptimally activated or where monocytes are not present. The activity did not depend on antibody isotype or on the precise CD5 epitope recognized. Functional experiments indicated that both IL 2 production and IL 2 receptor expression were enhanced by antibody binding. Anti-Tp67 and anti-Tp44 appear to augment proliferation through distinct mechanisms, because both antibodies together had greater activity than either antibody alone. In neither system is the Fc portion of the antibody required, because F(ab')2 fragments had activity equivalent to that of the intact antibody and were effective at concentrations as low as 10 ng/ml. Fab fragments of anti-Tp67 were active, but Fab fragments of anti-Tp44 had no effect. Anti-Tp67 and anti-Tp44 were able to sustain continuous proliferation of anti-CD3-Sepharose-stimulated T cells for up to 2.5 wk without exogenous IL 2 or feeder cells. These experiments suggest that Tp67 and Tp44 are receptors that play a critical regulatory role in the control of T cell proliferation.
Eos, an environment for object-based systems (1992)

Complex data-intensive application domains require a programming environment that should be both more productive and more efficient than the traditional approaches. This translates into three major requirements: efficient support for complex, persistent objects and collections; distribution transparency with control over parallelism; and transaction management. The authors present the design of Eos which aims at reducing the chronic mismatch between programming languages and database systems and avoiding the traditional redundancy between operating systems and database systems services. The main contributions of Eos are support for: uniform, distributed object management; safe object sharing with distributed, low-overhead garbage collection; and high-level mechanisms for dynamic object grouping and computation placement. Eos is currently being implemented on a network of Sun 3/60/sub s/ running Mach 3.0.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification and characterisation of the Chinese herb Langdu by LC‐MS/MS analysis (2003)

An LC-MS/MS method has been developed for the identification of three species of herb used as the traditional Chinese medicine Langdu, namely Stellera chamaejasme L., Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata and E. fischeriana Steud. As these herbs contain different mixtures of marker compounds, they could be unambiguously differentiated from each other by comparing their respective characteristic segmental multiple reaction monitoring profiles. The profiles indicated that S. chamaejasme contained daphnetin, skimmetine, stellerin, chamaechromone and neochamaejasmin, E. fischeriana contained ebracteolata compound B, ingenol, jolkinolide B and fischeriana A, whilst E. ebracteolata contained ebracteolata compounds B and C along with ingenol. These results were confirmed from the respective MS/MS spectra. The method has been successfully applied to differentiate these herbs from the related species Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) Schott and E. kansui Liou.
cDNA cloning of prophenoloxidase from the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus and its activation. (1995)

Prophenoloxidase (proPO), an enzyme that is the terminal component of the so-called proPO activating system, a defense and recognition system in crustaceans and insects, has been purified and cloned from a crayfish blood cell cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence codes for a polypeptide with a mass of 80,732 Da, which is close to 76 kDa, the apparent mass of the purified enzyme. proPO contains two copper atoms, and two putative copper-binding sites were found in the deduced amino acid sequence. Sequence comparisons show that these putative copper-binding sites are similar to the corresponding sites in arthropod hemocyanins and also, although the sequence similarities are less extensive, similar to tyrosinases from vertebrates and microorganisms. The purified enzyme is a typical tyrosinase because it hydroxylates monophenols and oxidizes o-diphenols but does not oxidize p-diphenols. If a homogeneous preparation of crayfish proPO were incubated with a homogeneous sample of the proPO activating enzyme, a serine proteinase, the cleavage of proPO by this trypsin-like enzyme was found to occur between Arg-176 and Thr-177.