gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue Specificity of the Hormonal Response in Sex Accessory Tissues Is Associated with Nuclear Matrix Protein Patterns (1990)

The DNA of interphase nuclei have very specific three-dimensional organizations that are different in different cell types, and it is possible that this varying DNA organization is responsible for the tissue specificity of gene expression. The nuclear matrix organizes the three-dimensional structure of the DNA and is believed to be involved in the control of gene expression. This study compares the nuclear structural proteins between two sex accessory tissues in the same animal responding to the same androgen stimulation by the differential expression of major tissue-specific secretory proteins. We demonstrate here that the nuclear matrix is tissue specific in the rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicle, and undergoes characteristic alterations in its protein composition upon androgen withdrawal. Three types of nuclear matrix proteins were observed: 1) nuclear matrix proteins that are different and tissue specific in the rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicle, 2) a set of nuclear matrix proteins that either appear or disappear upon androgen withdrawal, and 3) a set of proteins that are common to both the ventral prostate and seminal vesicle and do not change with the hormonal state of the animal. Since the nuclear matrix is known to bind androgen receptors in a tissue- and steroid-specific manner, we propose that the tissue specificity of the nuclear matrix arranges the DNA in a unique conformation, which may be involved in the specific interaction of transcription factors with DNA sequences, resulting in tissue-specific patterns of secretory protein expression.
Gabor Wavelets in Image Processing (2016)

This work shows the use of a two-dimensional Gabor wavelets in image processing. Convolution with such a two-dimensional wavelet can be separated into two series of one-dimensional ones. The key idea of this work is to utilize a Gabor wavelet as a multiscale partial differential operator of a given order. Gabor wavelets are used here to detect edges, corners and blobs. A performance of such an interest point detector is compared to detectors utilizing a Haar wavelet and a derivative of a Gaussian function. The proposed approach may be useful when a fast implementation of the Gabor transform is available or when the transform is already precomputed.
A novel high density, low voltage SRAM cell with a vertical NDR device (2002)

A novel 8F/sup 2/ NDR-based cell for giga-scale SRAMs on silicon substrates is presented. The new SRAM cell uses a thin vertical PNPN structure with gate-assisted turn-off and turn-on mechanisms. Experimental measurements show standby cell currents lower than 10 pA//spl mu/m/sup 2/, switching speeds faster than 40 ns, and operating voltages as low as 1.5 V. An SRAM based on this new cell is comparable in cell area, standby current, architecture, speed, and fabrication process to a DRAM of the same capacity. To our knowledge, this cell has the lowest standby power consumption reported so far for an NDR-based SRAM cell either on silicon or on III-V substrates.
What Would You Pay for Automated Video Analysis? (2009)

A review of commercial and research applications of automated video analysis in the Americas, EMEA and Asia a) offers a snapshot of the state-of-the-art, b) reveals some of the forces that determine future solutions, and c) suggests a price tag for this new technology. Despite a rapid increase in (video) data and the fact that this deluge cannot be managed with human resources alone people are expensive and ineffective customers are reluctant to accept help from a technology that occasionally makes really dumb mistakes. Will this reluctance vanish over time without radical improvements in the technology? Will the technology improve and prevent these mistakes in the future? If so, how? Are there applications where the current mistakes are acceptable? What is the right price tag for the technology?
Peptoids Eyed For Gene Therapy Applications (1998)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPeptoids Eyed For Gene Therapy ApplicationsDespite lack of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, peptide analogs fold into helicesSTU BORMANView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76, 18, 56–59Publication Date (Print):May 4, 1998Publication History Published online16 November 2010Published inissue 4 May 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v076n018.p056https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n018.p056newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Demonstrating a Driven Reset Protocol for a Superconducting Qubit (2013)

Qubit reset is crucial at the start of and during quantum information algorithms. We present the experimental demonstration of a practical method to force qubits into their ground state, based on driving appropriate qubit and cavity transitions. Our protocol, called the double drive reset of population, is tested on a superconducting transmon qubit in a three-dimensional cavity. Using a new method for measuring population, we show that we can prepare the ground state with a fidelity of at least 99.5% in less than 3 μs; faster times and higher fidelity are predicted upon parameter optimization.
Generation, Classification and Analysis of Switched-Mode DC-to-DC Converters by the Use of Converter Cells (1986)

A method is presented which combines generation, classification and analysis of DC-to-DC PWM converters. Fundamental blocks known as converter cells can be used to generate a plethora of converters leading to a number of useful new converter topologies. A classification of basic converters is proposed in terms of converter-cell generated families. The converter cells considered may be seen as three-terminal devices for which terminal characteristics may be easily found. DC and AC small-signal models for each converter cell can be derived obviating the need to rederive these models for each of the converters of a particular family.
Subsite interactions of ribonuclease T1: Asn36 and Asn98 accelerate GpN transesterification through interactions with the leaving nucleoside N (1991)

We previously presented evidence that ribonuclease T1 (RNase T1; EC 3.1.27.3) contains a subsite that, by interacting with the leaving nucleoside N of GpN dinucleoside phosphate substrates, contributes to catalysis. The kcat values for transphosphorylation follow the order GpC greater than GpA greater than GpU whereas the equilibrium dissociation constants for these substrates are very similar [Steyaert, J., Wyns, L., & Stanssens, P. (1991) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)]. Consistent with this notion, we find that the rate of transesterification of the synthetic substrate GpMe, in which the leaving nucleoside is replaced by a methanol group, is at least 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of GpN substrates. The enzyme's affinity for GpMe is very similar to that for the various GpN substrates, indicating that the apparent contribution of the leaving nucleoside to ground-state binding is minimal. To identify the side chains that belong to the RNase T1 subsite, we searched for amino acid substitutions that differentially affect the transesterification kinetics of GpNs versus GpMe. The Asn36Ala, Tyr38Phe, His92Gln, and Asn98Ala mutants have been analyzed. Of these, the Asn36Ala and Asn98Ala substitutions reduce the transphosphorylation rate of the different GpNs considerably whereas they have virtually no effect on the rate of GpMe transphosphorylation. This observation shows that the Asn36 and Asn98 amide functions are part of the RNase T1 subsite. The sum of the contributions of the two residues accounts quite precisely for the differences in turnover rates among GpC, GpA, and GpU.
Genetic Modification of Natural Killer Cells for Leukemia Therapies (2007)

Natural killer (NK) cells have the capacity to recognize and kill a wide range of cancer cells. However, many cancer cells are resistant to NK cell cytotoxicity, mainly because they express molecules which inhibit NK cell activation. Previous studies have shown that enforced expression of chimeric receptors composed of single-chain variable domain of murine antibodies and human signaling molecules can redirect the specificity of T lymphocytes. The success of this approach depends on the identification of a suitable target molecule on cancer cells and on the ability of the receptor to deliver appropriate activation signals. We developed a method to express chimeric receptors in NK cells. Considerable NK cell expansion was obtained by co-culturing peripheral blood cells with the leukemia cell line K562 modified to express membrane bound-interleukin 15 and the ligand for the costimulatory molecule 4-1BB. Expanded NK cells were then transduced with anti-CD19 receptors which deliver activation signals through CD3ζ and 4-1BB. NK cells expressing these receptors became highly cytotoxic against NK-resistant CD19+ leukemic cells. We here review the methodologies for expanding and redirecting the specificity of NK cells, explain the rationale for NK-cell therapies of leukemia and lymphoma, describe potential targets for genetically-modified NK cells, and discuss future clinical applications of NK cell expansion and genetic modification in cancer therapy.
Fusion hybrids with macrophage and melanoma cells up-regulate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, beta1-6 branching, and metastasis. (2001)

It was shown previously that a majority of hybrids produced by in vitro fusion of normal macrophages with Cloudman S91 melanoma cells displayed enhanced metastatic potential in vivo, increased motility in vitro, increased ability to produce melanin, and responsiveness to melanocyte stimulating hormone compared with the parental Cloudman S91 melanoma cells. These hybrids also showed altered N-glycosylation consistent with a slower migration pattern of lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP-1) on electrophoretic gels. Because LAMP-1 is the major carrier of polylactosamine sugar structures, and synthesis of this complex sugar moiety indicates the extent of beta1,6 branch formation by beta1,6-N-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V), we analyzed the expression of GnT-V and beta1,6 branching in highly metastatic macrophage-fusion hybrids and compared with poorly metastatic ones. GnT-V was up-regulated in regard to both mRNA levels and enzymatic activity specifically in metastatic hybrids as well as parental macrophages compared with weakly metastatic hybrids and parental melanoma cells. Macrophages and metastatic hybrids also showed increased binding of the lectin L-phytohemagglutinin, which specifically binds to the beta1,6-branched sugar moiety. In addition, in metastatic hybrids there was increased cell surface expression of LAMP-1 and beta1 integrin, two prominent substrates for GnT-V also known to be associated with metastasis. Finally, exposure of metastatic hybrids in vitro to L-phytohemagglutinin or LAMP-1 completely eliminated melanocyte stimulating hormone/ isobutylmethyl xanthine-induced motility, suggesting a role for GnT-V in the motility of these cells. In summary, macrophage fusion with melanoma cells often increased metastatic potential, which was associated with enhanced expression of GnT-V and beta1,6-branching in glycoproteins. It is suggested that the known correlation with elevated GnT-V in both human and animal metastasis could, at least in some cases, reflect previous fusion of tumor cells with tumor-infiltrating macrophages, which, similar to malignant cells, show elevated expression of GnT-V and beta1,6-branched polylactosamines.
Sketch-based 3D engineering part class browsing and retrieval (2006)

We present a two-tier sketch-based engineering part retrieval system enhanced with classifier combination. Given a free-hand user sketch, we propose to use an ensemble of classifiers to estimate the likelihood of the sketch belonging to each category by exploring the strengths of individual classifiers. This supports high quality part retrieval by motivating user feedback with a ranked list of top choices. Three shape descriptors have been used to generate the probability-based classifiers independently. Experiments are conducted using the Engineering Shape Benchmark database in order to evaluate the selected combination rules before we integrate the best rule for sketch classification. User studies with the system show that users can easily identify the desired groups and then the parts. In addition, the precision attained using the synthesis is better than results from independent classifiers when applied to both user sketches and 3D models.
A phase I trial of solubilized DR2:MBP 84-102 (AG284) in multiple sclerosis (2000)

AG284 as administered during this study was safe and well tolerated. Further studies are warranted to determine the biologic activity and clinical efficacy of this potential treatment for MS.
The pathogenesis of infection by Listeria monocytogenes. (1996)

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium responsible for severe infections in human and a large variety of animal species. It is a facultative intracellular pathogen which invades macrophages and most tissue cells of infected hosts where it can proliferate. The molecular basis of this intracellular parasitism has been to a large extent elucidated. The virulence factors, including internalin, listeriolysin O, phospholipases and a bacterial surface protein, ActA, are encoded by chromosomal genes organised in operons. Following internalisation into host cells, the bacteria escape from the phagosomal compartment and enter the cytoplasm. They then spread from cell to cell by a process involving actin polymerisation. In infected hosts, the bacteria cross the intestinal wall at Peyer's patches to invade the mesenteric lymph nodes and the blood. The main target organ is the liver, where the bacteria multiply inside hepatocytes. Early recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells lead to hepatocyte lysis, and thereby bacterial release. This causes prolonged septicaemia, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, thus exposing the placenta and brain to infection. The prognosis of listeriosis depends on the severity of meningoencephalitis, due to the elective location of foci of infection in the brain stem (rhombencephalitis). Despite bactericidal antibiotic therapy, the overall mortality is still high (25 to 30%).
Boronic acid-based inhibitor of autotaxin reveals rapid turnover of LPA in the circulation (2010)

Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase that functions as a lysophospholipase D to produce the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a mitogen, chemoattractant, and survival factor for many cell types. The ATX-LPA signaling axis has been implicated in angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, fibrotic diseases and tumor progression, making this system an attractive target for therapy. However, potent and selective nonlipid inhibitors of ATX are currently not available. By screening a chemical library, we have identified thiazolidinediones that selectively inhibit ATX-mediated LPA production both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibitor potency was approximately 100-fold increased (IC(50) approximately 30 nM) after the incorporation of a boronic acid moiety, designed to target the active-site threonine (T210) in ATX. Intravenous injection of this inhibitor into mice resulted in a surprisingly rapid decrease in plasma LPA levels, indicating that turnover of LPA in the circulation is much more dynamic than previously appreciated. Thus, boronic acid-based small molecules hold promise as candidate drugs to target ATX.
A Mammalian H + Channel Generated Through Alternative Splicing of the NADPH Oxidase Homolog NOH-1 (2000)

Voltage-gated proton (H+) channels are found in many human and animal tissues and play an important role in cellular defense against acidic stress. However, a molecular identification of these unique ion conductances has so far not been achieved. A 191-amino acid protein is described that, upon heterologous expression, has properties indistinguishable from those of native H+ channels. This protein is generated through alternative splicing of messenger RNA derived from the gene NOH-1 (NADPH oxidase homolog 1, where NADPH is the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate).
A Hierarchy of Digital Standards for Teleproduction in the Year 2001 (1981)

The author is concerned with the extension of hierarchy levels of digital standards as they apply upward to high-definition television and downward to lower quality levels. Some consideration should be given to simple transcoding algorithms for conversions among the hierarchy levels. The article deals with a prediction of the effects digital standards and advancing technology will have on television and film production by the year 2001. Consequently, the reader's imagination should come into play and consider the possibilities posed by rapidly growing digital television technology.
Mass Spectrometry Studies of the Ionization of Large Organic Molecules by Slow Positrons (1992)

Mass spectra of the ion fragment patterns produced by the ionization of large organic molecules by slow positrons have been recorded. Three ranges of positron energies have been studied: (1) 3000 eV, (2) the Ore gap range, (3) energies below the Ore gap. Fragmentation patterns produced by 300 eV positrons are very similar to those produced by 2700 eV electrons. Ionization by positronium formation appears to be a universal mechanism for all molecules. Ionization occurs for positrons having energies below the Ore gap, but the mechanism is not fully elucidated at this time.
Pyrophosphate Inhibits Mineralization of Osteoblast Cultures by Binding to Mineral, Up-regulating Osteopontin, and Inhibiting Alkaline Phosphatase Activity (2007)

Inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)) produced by cells inhibits mineralization by binding to crystals. Its ubiquitous presence is thought to prevent "soft" tissues from mineralizing, whereas its degradation to P(i) in bones and teeth by tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (Tnap, Tnsalp, Alpl, Akp2) may facilitate crystal growth. Whereas the crystal binding properties of PP(i) are largely understood, less is known about its effects on osteoblast activity. We have used MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cultures to investigate the effect of PP(i) on osteoblast function and matrix mineralization. Mineralization in the cultures was dose-dependently inhibited by PP(i). This inhibition could be reversed by Tnap, but not if PP(i) was bound to mineral. PP(i) also led to increased levels of osteopontin (Opn) induced via the Erk1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Opn regulation by PP(i) was also insensitive to foscarnet (an inhibitor of phosphate uptake) and levamisole (an inhibitor of Tnap enzymatic activity), suggesting that increased Opn levels did not result from changes in phosphate. Exogenous OPN inhibited mineralization, but dephosphorylation by Tnap reversed this effect, suggesting that OPN inhibits mineralization via its negatively charged phosphate residues and that like PP(i), hydrolysis by Tnap reduces its mineral inhibiting potency. Using enzyme kinetic studies, we have shown that PP(i) inhibits Tnap-mediated P(i) release from beta-glycerophosphate (a commonly used source of organic phosphate for culture mineralization studies) through a mixed type of inhibition. In summary, PP(i) prevents mineralization in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cultures by at least three different mechanisms that include direct binding to growing crystals, induction of Opn expression, and inhibition of Tnap activity.
<title>Three computer vision applications in dentistry</title> (1994)

This paper summarizes three recent applications of computer vision techniques in dentistry developed at the Czech Technical University. The first one uses a special optical instrument to capture the image of the tooth arc directly in the patient's mouth. The captured images are used for visualization of teeth position changes during treatment. The second application allows the use of images for checking teeth occlusal contacts and their abrasion. The third application uses photometric measurements to study the resistance of the dental material against microbial growth.
The combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and methotrexate for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: The results of a pilot study (1995)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and methotrexate (MTX) have both been proposed as treatments for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). It has been suggested that a combination of the two drugs may offer advantages over either used separately. In this pilot study, we sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this combination for patients with PBC. Thirty-two patients with antimitochondrial antibody positive PBC were prospectively entered into a pilot study and received UDCA, 13 to 15 mg/kg/d, in conjunction with MTX, 0.25 mg/kg/wk, for a period of 2 years. The results of this treatment were compared with those obtained from 180 patients with PBC studied in a placebo-controlled trial of UDCA alone conducted during the same period. Patients in the pilot study and randomized study were comparable with regard to age, gender, and liver biochemistries. The UDCA/MTX-treated patients were of earlier histologic stage and had a lower mean Mayo risk score. During this period, seven patients in the UDCA/MTX group were withdrawn, four for pulmonary toxicity (two who required hospitalization), and one each with mouth ulcer, extreme fatigue, and hair loss. The use of UDCA/MTX was not associated with improvement in symptoms. In the patients receiving UDCA/MTX, biochemical changes were comparable to those of patients receiving UDCA alone but superior to those in the placebo group ( P &lt; .05). Histological changes were comparable in all groups at 2 years. Cessation of MTX while UDCA was continued led to no deterioration in liver biochemistries. In a 2-year study, the use of MTX in combination with UDCA was associated with substantial toxicity, but with no evidence for symptomatic, biochemical, or histologic improvement over that seen with UDCA alone. The use of MTX in patients with PBC should be confined to pa- tients in prospective trials and not used on an empiric basis. (Hepatology 1995; 22:1158-1162.).