gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling, design and characterization of delay-chains based true random number generator (2014)

Random numbers are required in numerous applications namely in cryptography where randomness is used in security protocols. There are two main classes of Random Number Generators (RNG) : The Pseudo RNG (PRNG) which have a deterministic sequence, and the True RNG (TRNG) which generates unpredictable random numbers. Cryptographic applications use both TRNG and PRNG. The PRNG needs an initial value, or seed, which can be the output of a TRNG. In digital technologies, like FPGAs, TRNG are commonly based on oscillators which have the drawback of being biased by harmonic coupling. In order to assess the entropic quality of TRNGs, standards based on statistical tests have been elaborated by certification organisms namely the NIST and the BSI. However, it is recommended to formalize the stochastic behaviour of the randomness generation process. In this Ph.D, we address the design and quality evaluation of TRNGs in digital circuits. We study of a low-cost digital TRNG without oscillators, hence robust against harmonics attacks. The proposed TRNG exploits both the metastability phenomenon and the jitter noise in CMOS digital flip-flops to generate the random numbers. A stochastic model of this TRNG has been formalized. This model describes the random generation process regardless of the targeted technology. The characterization and evaluation on a prototype circuit, in FPGA and ASIC technologies, has shown that the proposed TRNG architecture generates randomness of good quality and is robust against environmental variations.
Buildings, brains and behaviour - towards an affective neuroscience of architecture: the hedonic impact of sustainable work environments on occupant well-being (2016)

The recent alignment of architecture, neuroscience and psychology has recast our understanding of how building design influences people’s states of mind. Testable scientific hypotheses open up new avenues for the synthesis of these disparate fields of inquiry. This study draws upon some of the latest research that seeks to understand how hedonic states of pleasure are connected to eudaimonic assessments of meaningfulness within the built environments in which we work and live. Integrating these theoretical perspectives affords an opportunity to hypothesize that ‘green’ buildings could enrich human experience by promoting psychological and social engagement (eudaimonia) while providing healthier indoor environments that enhance the well-being of its occupants (hedonia). This paper provides evidence to support the intuition that an architecture that sustains the well-being of its occupants will be valued and endure.
Multilateral-Horizontal Wells Increase Rate and Lower Cost Per Barrel in the Zuata Field, Faja, Venezuela (2001)

Abstract Petrozuata, C.A is a joint venture (JV) company between Conoco Orinoco Inc. and PDVSA. This JV is developing extra heavy crude in a 74,000-acre block in the Zuata field in the western portion of the Faja del Orinoco in Venezuela. After the initial single lateral wells were brought on production an opportunity was identified to change the development program to multilateral wells in order to increase production rates. The geometry of multilateral wells is designed to fit the actual sand distribution and depositional environment that ranges from subarial fluvial to marine tidal systems. The various forms of multilateral wells drilled by the JV include stacked dual lateral, stacked triple lateral, gullwing dual lateral, gullwing triple lateral or crow's foot, and pitchfork dual lateral wells. In addition a fishbone multilateral concept consisting of a "spine" or main lateral with liner connected to many ribs or fishbones without liners has been used in single lateral and multilateral configurations. The geologic and geographical reasons for drilling these different types of multilateral wells are reviewed. The result has been an increase in production rate per well that is nearly proportional to the effective lateral length connected to the well bore at a lower cost than possible with single lateral wells of the equivalent length.
Government reviews of regulatory arrangements - what we hope to achieve (2011)

As Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing with responsibility for the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), I thought it timely to update CHF Health Voices readers on some of the work that has recently been undertaken on a number of reviews into TGA processes and regulatory frameworks.
Pneumococcal Capsules and Their Types: Past, Present, and Future (2015)

Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is an important human pathogen. Its virulence is largely due to its polysaccharide capsule, which shields it from the host immune system, and because of this, the capsule has been extensively studied. Studies of the capsule led to the identification of DNA as the genetic material, identification of many different capsular serotypes, and identification of the serotype-specific nature of protection by adaptive immunity. Recent studies have led to the determination of capsular polysaccharide structures for many serotypes using advanced analytical technologies, complete elucidation of genetic basis for the capsular types, and the development of highly effective pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Conjugate vaccine use has altered the serotype distribution by either serotype replacement or switching, and this has increased the need to serotype pneumococci. Due to great advances in molecular technologies and our understanding of the pneumococcal genome, molecular approaches have become powerful tools to predict pneumococcal serotypes. In addition, more-precise and -efficient serotyping methods that directly detect polysaccharide structures are emerging. These improvements in our capabilities will greatly enhance future investigations of pneumococcal epidemiology and diseases and the biology of colonization and innate immunity to pneumococcal capsules.
Photochemical Patterning of Biological Molecules Inside a Glass Capillary (2005)

A simple way for photochemical patterning of biological molecules onto the inner wall of fused-silica capillary is described. The method is based on a modification of the inner capillary surface with photoactive benzophenone (BP) derivative. The UV irradiation at 365 nm of the capillary filled with a sample solution results in cross-linking of the solutes to the BP moiety via a stable covalent bond. As a proof of concept, oligonucleotides and proteins were arrayed inside the capillary using an inverted microscope as an irradiation device. We demonstrated that the capillary arrays produced in this way are functional and could be used in different bioassays including DNA hybridization, protein interaction studies, and immunoassays. Having a sensitivity comparable to the fluorophore-based assays in a planar format, the capillary array possesses several advantages including submicroliter sample volume and a short assay time. The capillary format should therefore be considered as a possible alternative to a planar format in a number of low-density array applications such as mutation detection and diagnostic immunoassays.
Prevalence screening for ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women by CA 125 measurement and ultrasonography. (1993)

This screening protocol is highly specific for ovarian cancer and can detect a substantial proportion of cases at a preclinical stage. Further investigation is required to determine the effect of the screening protocol on the ratio of early to late stage disease detected and on mortality from ovarian cancer.
Pseudo‐random coded simultaneous vibroseismics (2002)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002Pseudo‐random coded simultaneous vibroseismicsAuthors: Marc BecqueyThomas BianchiJulien MeunierMarc BecqueyInstitut Français du Pétrole, Thomas BianchiCompagnie Générale de Géophysique, and Julien MeunierCompagnie Générale de Géophysiquehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817375 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817375FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byLeast-Squares Gaussian Beam Transform for Deblending Distance-Separated Simultaneous SourcesIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 59, No. 6A variable frequency pseudorandom-coded sweep-control scheme for mini-SOSIELi Na, Chen Zubin, Sun Feng, and Long Yun1 September 2016Acquisition Complete Session1 September 2016The use of pseudorandom sweeps for vibroseis surveys10 November 2013 | Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 62, No. 1Acquisition and processing of simultaneous vibroseis dataGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 58, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2002 Pages: 2478 publication data© 2002 Copyright © 2002 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Marc Becquey, Thomas Bianchi, and Julien Meunier, (2002), "Pseudo‐random coded simultaneous vibroseismics," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 77-80. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817375 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Reversal of Antipsychotic-Induced Working Memory Deficits by Short-Term Dopamine D1 Receptor Stimulation (2000)

Chronic blockade of dopamine D2 receptors, a common mechanism of action for antipsychotic drugs, down-regulates D1 receptors in the prefrontal cortex and, as shown here, produces severe impairments in working memory. These deficits were reversed in monkeys by short-term coadministration of a D1 agonist, ABT 431, and this improvement was sustained for more than a year after cessation of D1 treatment. These findings indicate that pharmacological modulation of the D1 signaling pathway can produce long-lasting changes in functional circuits underlying working memory. Resetting this pathway by brief exposure to the agonist may provide a valuable strategy for therapeutic intervention in schizophrenia and other dopamine dysfunctional states.
A comparative analysis of the dynamic behavior of BTG/SOI MOSFETs and circuits with distributed body resistance (1998)

To examine the dynamic nature of body-tied-to-gate (BTG) partially depleted SOI MOSFETs, CMOS inverter circuits (nine-stage ring oscillators and 50-stage chains) are simulated with SOISPICE, accounting for the BTG distributed body resistance. Due to the physical nature of the UFSOI model in SOISPICE, both the static and dynamic characteristics of the BTG device, contrasted to floating-body (FB) and body-tied-to-source (BTS) SOI MOSFETs, are faithfully revealed. Results give insight on previously measured, yet inadequately explained, dynamic behavior of the BTG device. Further, problematic hysteretic behavior associated with the dynamic operation of the device with realistic body sheet resistance is described, suggesting design constraints on the maximum device width. Finally, a performance assessment of the BTG device configuration in ultra-low-power CMOS digital applications is offered and compared with FB and BTS, indicating that the optimal configuration is in fact application-specific.
Recent advances in planar optics: from plasmonic to dielectric metasurfaces (2017)

This article reviews recent progress leading to the realization of planar optical components made of a single layer of phase shifting nanostructures. After introducing the principles of planar optics and discussing earlier works on subwavelength diffractive optics, we introduce a classification of metasurfaces based on their different phase mechanisms and profiles and a comparison between plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces. We place particular emphasis on the recent developments on electric and magnetic field control of light with dielectric nanostructures and highlight the physical mechanisms and designs required for efficient all-dielectric metasurfaces. Practical devices of general interest such as metalenses, beam deflectors, holograms, and polarizing interfaces are discussed, including high-performance metalenses at visible wavelengths. Successful strategies to achieve achromatic response at selected wavelengths and near unity transmission/reflection efficiency are discussed. Dielectric metasurfaces and dispersion management at interfaces open up technology opportunities for applications including wavefront control, lightweight imaging systems, displays, electronic consumer products, and conformable and wearable optics.
Natriuretic peptides and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in asymptomatic and symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. (1996)

Although natriuretic peptides and cGMP measured at rest and three minutes after ergometry may be useful for monitoring left ventricular dysfunction they are unlikely to be suitable for more general routine screening for completely asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction.
The Forage and Grain of MON 87460, a Drought-Tolerant Corn Hybrid, Are Compositionally Equivalent to That of Conventional Corn (2009)

MON 87460 contains a gene that expresses cold shock protein B (CSPB) from Bacillus subtilis. Expression of this gene confers a yield advantage when yield is limited by water availability. Compositional analyses of MON 87460 and a conventional corn variety with similar background genetics were conducted on forage and grain harvested from multiple replicated field sites across the United States during the 2006 growing season and across Chile during the 2006-2007 growing season. The U.S. field trials were conducted under typical agronomic practices, whereas the Chilean field trials incorporated a strip-plot design that included well-watered and water-limited treatments. Results demonstrated that levels of the components analyzed were comparable between MON 87460, the conventional control, and the commercially available corn hybrids.
2D NMR studies of the phenyldichloroarsine—british anti—lewisite adduct (1987)

Abstract One‐ and two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy was used to determine the structure of the phenyldichloroarsine‐British anti‐lewisite adduct. The major component had the hydroxymethyl group in the anti orientation with respect to the phenyl ring on the arsenous atom. This structure was based on the chemical shifts of the 1 H and 13 C resonances and on the respective homonuclear coupling constants.
Structural and Mechanistic Insight into DNA Unwinding by Deinococcus radiodurans UvrD (2013)

DNA helicases are responsible for unwinding the duplex DNA, a key step in many biological processes. UvrD is a DNA helicase involved in several DNA repair pathways. We report here crystal structures of Deinococcus radiodurans UvrD (drUvrD) in complex with DNA in different nucleotide-free and bound states. These structures provide us with three distinct snapshots of drUvrD in action and for the first time trap a DNA helicase undergoing a large-scale spiral movement around duplexed DNA. Our structural data also improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate DNA unwinding by Superfamily 1A (SF1A) helicases. Our biochemical data reveal that drUvrD is a DNA-stimulated ATPase, can translocate along ssDNA in the 3'-5' direction and shows ATP-dependent 3'-5', and surprisingly also, 5'-3' helicase activity. Interestingly, we find that these translocase and helicase activities of drUvrD are modulated by the ssDNA binding protein. Analysis of drUvrD mutants indicate that the conserved β-hairpin structure of drUvrD that functions as a separation pin is critical for both drUvrD's 3'-5' and 5'-3' helicase activities, whereas the GIG motif of drUvrD involved in binding to the DNA duplex is essential for the 5'-3' helicase activity only. These special features of drUvrD may reflect its involvement in a wide range of DNA repair processes in vivo.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Origin Hypothesis (2003)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is a serious swine disease that appeared suddenly in the midwestern United States and central Europe approximately 14 years ago; the disease has now spread worldwide. In North America and Europe, the syndrome is caused by two genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an arterivirus whose genomes diverge by approximately 40%. My hypothesis, which explains the origin and evolution of the two distinct PRRSV genotypes, is that a mutant of a closely related arterivirus of mice (lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus) infected wild boars in central Europe. These wild boars functioned as intermediate hosts and spread the virus to North Carolina in imported, infected European wild boars in 1912; the virus then evolved independently on the two continents in the prevalent wild hog populations for approximately 70 years until independently entering the domestic pig population.
Large-scale isolation of candidate virulence genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by in vivo selection. (1996)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human pathogen, is a major causative agent of mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised patients and those with cystic fibrosis genetic disease. To identify new virulence genes of P. aeruginosa, a selection system was developed based on the in vivo expression technology (IVET) that was first reported in Salmonella system. An adenine-requiring auxotrophic mutant strain of P. aeruginosa was isolated and found avirulent on neutropenic mice. A DNA fragment that can complement the mutant strain, containing purEK operon that is required for de novo biosynthesis of purine, was sequenced and used in the IVET vector construction. By applying the IVET selection system to a neutropenic mouse infection model, genetic loci that are specifically induced in vivo were identified. Twenty-two such loci were partially sequenced and analyzed. One of them was a well-studied virulence factor, pyochelin receptor (FptA), that is involved in iron acquisition. Fifteen showed significant homology to reported sequences in GenBank, while the remaining six did not. One locus, designated np20, encodes an open reading frame that shares amino acid sequence homology to transcriptional regulators, especially to the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) proteins of other bacteria. An insertional np20 null mutant strain of P. aeruginosa did not show a growth defect on laboratory media; however, its virulence on neutropenic mice was significantly reduced compared with that of a wild-type parent strain, demonstrating the importance of the np20 locus in the bacterial virulence. The successful isolation of genetic loci that affect bacterial virulence demonstrates the utility of the IVET system in identification of new virulence genes of P. aeruginosa.
T1‐weighted–SPACE dark blood whole body magnetic resonance angiography (DB‐WBMRA): Initial experience (2010)

DB-WBMRA using T1w-SPACE is feasible and can be performed with a high degree of reliability.
The Effects of Peripheral Vagal Nerve Stimulation at a Memory-Modulating Intensity on Norepinephrine Output in the Basolateral Amygdala. (2004)

Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to improve cognitive processing, presumably by affecting activity in central nervous system structures that process recently acquired information. It has long been assumed that these effects are related to stimulation-induced increases of norepinephrine (NE) release in limbic brain structures. The present study examined this hypothesis by administering VNS at an intensity and duration that improves memory and then measuring fluctuations in NE output in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) with in vivo microdialysis. In Experiment 1, VNS caused a 98% increase in NE output relative to baseline. In Experiment 2, methyl atropine was given 10 min before VNS to assess whether stimulation-induced increases in amygdala NE are mediated by afferent or efferent vagal branches. Methyl atropine did not alter NE release in the BLA in comparison with saline. The significance of these findings in understanding how peripheral neural activity modulates limbic structures to encode and store new information into memory is discussed.
Association of TRPV4 gene polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2009)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airway epithelial damage, bronchoconstriction, parenchymal destruction and mucus hypersecretion. Upon activation by a broad range of stimuli, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) functions to control airway epithelial cell volume and epithelial and endothelial permeability; it also triggers bronchial smooth muscle contraction and participates in autoregulation of mucociliary transport. These functions of TRPV4 may be important for the regulation of COPD pathogenesis, so TRPV4 is a candidate gene for COPD. We genotyped 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRPV4, and tested qualitative COPD and quantitative FEV(1) and FEV(1)/(F)VC phenotypes in two independent large populations. The family population had 606 pedigrees including 1891 individuals, and the case-control sample included 953 COPD cases and 956 controls. Family-based association tests were performed in the family data. Logistic regression and linear models were used in the case-control data to replicate the association results. In the family data, seven out of 20 SNPs tested were associated with COPD (2.5 x 10(-4) < or = P < or = 0.04) and six SNPs were associated with FEV(1)/VC (0.02 < or = P < or = 0.03) from family-based association tests (PBAT) analysis. Four out of the seven SNPs associated with COPD demonstrated replicated associations with the same effect directions in the case-control population (0.02 < or = P < or = 0.03). Significant haplotype associations supported the results of single SNP analyses. Thus, polymorphisms in the TRPV4 gene are associated with COPD.
Detection and isolation of fetal cells from maternal blood using the flourescence‐activated cell sorter (FACS) (1981)

The presence of fetal cells in the maternal circulation during pregnancy has been suggested by repeated observations of small numbers of cells containing Y chromatin or a Y chromosome in the blood of pregnant women. With the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), we have used antibodies to a paternal cell surface (HLA) antigen, not present in the mother, to select fetal cells from the lymphocyte fractions of a series of maternal blood samples, collected as early as 15 weeks of gestation. These sorted cells have been examined for a second paternal genetic marker, Y chromatin. Y chromatin-containing cells were found among the sorted cells from prenatal maternal blood specimens in 8 pregnancies subsequently producing male infants whose lymphocytes reacted with the same antibodies to paternal antigen used for sorting with the FACS. In each of 17 pregnancies resulting in male infants who failed to inherit the antigen detected by the antibodies used for cell sorting, Y chromatin-containing cells were not found prenatally. The use of two paternal genetic markers, a cell surface antigen and nuclear Y chromatin, to identify fetal cells in maternal blood permits us to conclude that these cells are present in the mother's circulation, as early as 15 weeks gestation. Further development of the techniques reported here could lead to widespread screening of maternal blood samples during pregnancy for detection of fetal genetic abnormalities.