gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemokine Sequestration by Viral Chemoreceptors as a Novel Viral Escape Strategy: Withdrawal of Chemokines from the Environment of Cytomegalovirus-infected Cells (1998)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a betaherpesvirus, has developed several ways to evade the immune system, notably downregulation of cell surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chains. Here we report that HCMV has devised another means to compromise immune surveillance mechanisms. Extracellular accumulation of both constitutively produced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor-superinduced RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) was downregulated in HCMV-infected fibroblasts in the absence of transcriptional repression or the expression of polyadenylated RNA for the cellular chemokine receptors CCR-1, CCR-3, and CCR-5. Competitive binding experiments demonstrated that HCMV-infected cells bind RANTES, MCP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta, and MCP-3, but not MCP-2, to the same receptor as does MIP-1alpha, which is not expressed in uninfected cells. HCMV encodes three proteins with homology to CC chemokine receptors: US27, US28, and UL33. Cells infected with HCMV mutants deleted of US28, or both US27 and US28 genes, failed to downregulate extracellular accumulation of either RANTES or MCP-1. In contrast, cells infected with a mutant deleted of US27 continues to bind and downregulate those chemokines. Depletion of chemokines from the culture medium was at least partially due to continuous internalization of extracellular chemokine, since exogenously added, biotinylated RANTES accumulated in HCMV-infected cells. Thus, HCMV can modify the chemokine environment of infected cells through intense sequestering of CC chemokines, mediated principally by expression of the US28-encoded chemokine receptor.
Inhibition of neutrophil adherence improves postischemic ventricular performance of the neonatal heart. (1993)

These data demonstrate that inhibition of neutrophil CD11b/CD18 surface adherence receptor upregulation reduces granulocyte accumulation in myocardium after hypothermic global ischemia, reduces myocyte damage, and improves ventricular systolic function.
Wireless home automation networks: A survey of architectures and technologies (2010)

Wireless home automation networks comprise wireless embedded sensors and actuators that enable monitoring and control applications for home user comfort and efficient home management. This article surveys the main current and emerging solutions that are suitable for WHANs, including ZigBee, Z-Wave, INSTEON, Wavenis, and IP-based technology.
Surveillance for Nosocomial and Central Line-Related Infections Among Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Patients (2000)

Abstract Objective: To determine the incidence of all nosocomial infections (NIs) in pediatric hematology-oncology patients, as well as central venous access device (CVAD)-associated infections acquired during home care. Design: Prospective surveillance study. Setting: The Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department at the University Hospital Bonn. Patients: All patients admitted from January through October 1998 (surveillance period). Methods: Standardized surveillance system based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Results: A total of 143 patients were hospitalized for 3,701 days (776 admissions) during the surveillance period. Of the 40 NIs detected, 26 were CVAD-related, with 21 bloodstream infections (BSIs) and 5 local infections. Four were Clostridium difficile -associated diarrheal illnesses, 3 were pneumonias, and 7 were other infections. The incidence of NIs was 10.8 per 1,000 patient-days (5.2 NIs/100 admissions). The overall CVAD-related BSI rate was 7.4 per 1,000 utilization days, without a significant difference between implanted infusion ports and tunneled catheters. In addition, 7 CVAD-related infections occurred during home care. All 8 BSIs associated with tunneled catheters and 13 (76%) of the 17 BSIs associated with ports were acquired nosocomially. For inpatients and outpatients combined, the exit sites of tunneled catheters were more likely to become locally infected than were the needle entry sites of ports (relative risk, 8.0; P =.007). In 30 (75%) of the 40 NIs, the affected patients had severe neutropenia (&lt;500/mm 3 ) at the time of infection. Conclusions: Most NIs in the pediatric hematology-oncology patients were associated with CVAD devices. Although many infections in this high-risk population may not be preventable through infection control measures, the careful evaluation of specific infection rates permits the identification of risk factors that may be targeted by infection control programs. Prospective surveillance for NIs on pediatric oncology units is an indispensable tool for this internal quality control.
Potential Protease Inhibitors Based on a Functionalized Cyclic Sulfamide Scaffold (2004)

Exploratory studies related to the design and synthesis of functionalized cyclic sulfamides (I) as potential inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes were carried out. The structural motif and three diversity sites embodied in the scaffold render it amenable to combinatorial parallel synthesis and the facile generation of lead discovery prospecting libraries. The scaffold was readily assembled starting with (DL) serine methyl ester, and a series of compounds was generated and screened against human leukocyte elastase. Modification of the P(1) recognition element, believed to be accommodated at the primary specificity site (S(1) subsite) of the enzyme, yielded compounds that inhibited the enzyme by an apparent hyperbolic partial mixed-type inhibition.
A VACNT integrated handheld device for label-free virus capture, detection and enrichment for genomic analysis (2015)

A portable carbon nanotube (CNT) integrated microfluidic device is presented to capture virus by physical size-based isolation. The device contained porous CNT array made of nitrogen-doped CNT on a fused silica substrate. The biocompatible nitrogen-doped CNT was synthesized by aerosol-assist chemical vapor deposition (AACVD). Avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N8 subtype was captured from chicken swab samples and detected by reverse-transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Bone Marrow as a Source of Endothelial Cells and NeuN-Expressing Cells After Stroke (2002)

Postnatal vasculogenesis occurs in the brain in the setting of a cerebral infarction. Bone marrow-derived cells are a source of endothelial cells and NeuN-expressing cells after cerebral infarction. This plasticity may be exploited in the future to enhance recovery after stroke.
Retinal biocompatibility of brilliant blue g with deuterated water for chromovitrectomy. (2014)

Intravitreal injection of BBG-D2O 0.25 g/L seems to induce no retinal toxicity as documented by lack of functional and histological changes.
The development of a method for the preparation of rat intestinal epithelial cell primary cultures (1992)

We describe a reproducible method for growing small intestinal epithelium (derived from the suckling rat intestine) in short-term (primary) cultures. Optimal culture conditions were determined by quantitative assays of proliferation (i.e. changes in cellularity and DNA synthesis). Isolation of the epithelia and, significantly, preservation of its three-dimensional integrity was achieved using a collagenase/dispase digestion technique. Purification of the epithelium was also facilitated by the use of a simple differential sedimentation method. The results presented below support the idea that proliferation of normal gut epithelium ex vivo is initially dependent upon the maintenance of the structural integrity of this tissue and upon factors produced by heterologous mesenchymal cells. Proliferation in vitro was also critically dependent upon the quality of the medium and constituents used. Cultures reached confluence within 10-14 days and consisted of epithelial colonies together with varying amounts of smooth-muscle-like cells. Cultures have been maintained for periods up to one month, but the longer-term potential for growth by sub-culturing has not been examined. Strategies for reducing the proliferation of these non-epithelial cells are also described.
Controlling Crystallinity during Processing of Nanocrystalline Titania (1994)

The present study shows that an extremely high water: alkoxide ratio during the hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide results in a partially crystalline precipitate (5‐nm anatase crystallites); however, when these crystallites are rinsed with ethanol, the precipitate becomes amorphous. The degree of crystallinity of the precipitate determines its subsequent thermal decomposition characteristics and, ultimately, the crystallite size of the calcined powder.
Tear Cytokines as Biomarkers for Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (2015)

We investigated the tear cytokine profiles in patients who underwent stem cell transplantation (SCT) and attempted to evaluate whether tear cytokines are associated with the presence of systemic chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), regardless of ocular GVHD status. We also tested tear cytokines as biomarkers for chronic ocular GVHD severity. Forty-four patients who underwent SCT were enrolled and their diagnosis of chronic GVHD was confirmed. Ocular surface parameters and tear cytokine profiles were evaluated and the correlations between concentrations of cytokines and ocular surface parameters or several chronic ocular GVHD severity scales were evaluated. Tear interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, IL-17α, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were elevated in patients with chronic systemic GVHD compared with patients without chronic systemic GVHD. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that area under the curve (AUC) values for tear IL-10 (AUC = .795), IL-17α (AUC = .821), IL-6 (AUC = .912), and TNF-α (AUC = .910) were significantly correlated with the presence of chronic GVHD (all P < .001). Tear IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α showed a stronger correlation with ocular surface parameters than other cytokines and these cytokines also correlated with several chronic ocular GVHD severity scales (all P < .05). Our data suggest the tear cytokines are useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic GVHD after SCT and chronic ocular GVHD severity.
[Clinical application of urinary redox regulating protein, thioredoxin]. (2011)

Thioredoxin (TRX) is a redox-regulating protein, induced in response to oxidative stress. The function of TRX in the urine is unknown. We show here that urinary TRX begin to increase within one hour and peaks within two hours after ischemia reperfusion of mice. Serum levels of TRX are not changed by the ischemia/reperfusion. In a time-dependent study of immunohistochemistry, TRX appears diffusely in the tubular cytosol in sham-operated mice. On the other hand, immediately after renal ischemia/reperfusion, TRX become to eccentrically-locate in the apical side of the tubular cytosol, and then TRX is detected only in the urinary lumen. In contrast, when we examine the immunolocalization of glutaredoxin, which is a member of the TRX superfamily, we find that the immunoreactivity is unchanged after renal ischemia/reperfusion. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization show that epithelial cells constitutively express TRX mRNA but neither expression levels nor distribution are altered by ischemia-reperfusion. An overexpression of hTRX in transgenic mice attenuates the reperfusion injury. These data suggests that TRX is produced in tubular cells in a steady state. The increase in the urine after ischemia-reperfusion is not mediated by a de novo induction of TRX mRNA but by a discharge of TRX protein from tubular epithelial cells. TRX is useful for the diagnosis of AKI in association with oxidative stress.
Envelope Formation Is Blocked by Mutation of a Sequence Related to the HKD Phospholipid Metabolism Motif in the Vaccinia Virus F13L Protein (1999)

The outer envelope of the extracellular form of vaccinia virus is derived from Golgi membranes that have been modified by the insertion of specific viral proteins, of which the major component is the 37-kDa, palmitylated, nonglycosylated product of the F13L gene. The F13L protein contains a variant of the HKD (His-Lys-Asp) motif, which is conserved in numerous enzymes of phospholipid metabolism. Vaccinia virus mutants with a conservative substitution of either the K (K314R) or the D (D319E) residue of the F13L protein formed only tiny plaques similar to those produced by an F13L deletion mutant, were unable to produce extracellular enveloped virions, and failed to mediate low-pH-induced fusion of infected cells. Membrane-wrapped forms of intracellular virus were rarely detected in electron microscopic images of cells infected with either of the mutants. Western blotting and pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that the D319E protein was less stable than either the K314R or wild-type F13L protein. Most striking, however, was the failure of either of the two mutated proteins to concentrate in the Golgi compartment. Palmitylation, oleation, and partitioning of the F13L protein in Triton X-114 detergent were unaffected by the K314R substitution. These results indicated that the F13L protein must retain the K314 and D319 for it to localize in the Golgi compartment and function in membrane envelopment of vaccinia virus.
On super-resolution in astronomical imaging (2005)

Our work is an attempt to fulfil one of the aims of astronomical imaging, that is, to obtain information at high angular resolution. Stars as point sources can be represented by Dirac δ-functions whose Fourier transforms contain information about the position and the (integrated) intensity at all angular frequencies. Thus, we can deconvolve unresolved images of star fields even at angular distances smaller than the diffraction limit of the telescope with which the observations are performed. We give an example of reconstruction of the image of two stars with an angular separation of a factor 2.5 less than . However, we find that super-resolution is feasible only for point sources. For extended objects the information about intensity fluctuations at angular frequencies is irretrievably lost. We discuss the impossibility of super-resolution for the Sun using a numerically simulated image of solar granulation. However, one can enhance the contrast of solar images, though without increasing angular resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
Simvastatin Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via Mediating Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rats with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis-Related Liver Fibrosis (2013)

Simvastatin improves the prognosis of NASH-related fibrosis by increasing the expression of eNOS, decreasing the expression of iNOS, and inhibiting the activation of HSC.
The relationship between RGS5 expression and cancer differentiation and metastasis in non‐small cell lung cancer (2011)

RGS5 might be involved in cancer differentiation and metastasis in NSCLC. And it might be a candidate prognostic marker for PFS in NSCLC.
Assigning tasks for efficiency in Hadoop (2010)

In recent years Google's MapReduce has emerged as a leading large-scale data processing architecture. Adopted by companies such as Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM and Yahoo! in daily use, and more recently put in use by several universities, it allows parallel processing of huge volumes of data over cluster of machines. Hadoop is a free Java implementation of MapReduce. In Hadoop, files are split into blocks and replicated and spread over all servers in a network. Each job is also split into many small pieces called tasks. Several tasks are processed on a single server, and a job is not completed until all the assigned tasks are finished. A crucial factor that affects the completion time of a job is the particular assignment of tasks to servers. Given a placement of the input data over servers, one wishes to find the assignment that minimizes the completion time. In this paper, an idealized Hadoop model is proposed to investigate the Hadoop task assignment problem. It is shown that there is no feasible algorithm to find the optimal Hadoop task assignment unless P = NP. Assignments that are computed by the round robin algorithm inspired by the current Hadoop scheduler are shown to deviate from optimum by a multiplicative factor in the worst case. A flow-based algorithm is presented that computes assignments that are optimal to within an additive constant.
A new probe for W-band on-wafer measurements (2002)

A W-band wafer probe based on a coaxial line design has been developed. With built-in bias tee, 2-dB insertion loss and better than 12-dB return loss from 75 GHz to 110 GHz are achieved. A probe without bias tee has 1.3-dB loss and 1.5-dB return loss at 94 GHz when optimized for narrowband application. S-parameters of discrete transistors and circuits have been accurately measured from 75 GHz to 110 GHz. The noise figure of active circuits has also been measured at W-band with these probes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
In Situ Measurement of Dielectrophoretic Mobility of Single Polystyrene Microparticles (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteIn Situ Measurement of Dielectrophoretic Mobility of Single Polystyrene MicroparticlesHitoshi Watarai, Takashi Sakamoto, and Satoshi TsukaharaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560 Japan Cite this: Langmuir 1997, 13, 8, 2417–2420Publication Date (Web):April 16, 1997Publication History Received31 October 1996Revised11 February 1997Published online16 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la961057vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la961057vbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views621Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Colloidal particles,Electric fields,Electrical conductivity,Electrodes,Genetics Get e-Alerts
Soliton self-frequency shift in a short tapered air–silica microstructure fiber (2001)

We report a soliton self-frequency shift of more than 20% of the optical frequency in a tapered air-silica microstructure fiber that exhibits a widely flattened large anomalous dispersion in the near infrared. Remarkably, the large frequency shift was realized in a fiber of length as short as 15 cm, 2 orders of magnitude shorter than those reported previously with similar input pulse duration and pulse energies, owing to the small mode size and the large and uniform dispersion in the tapered fiber. By varying the power of the input pulses, we generated compressed sub-100-fs soliton pulses of ~1-nJ pulse energy tunable from 1.3 to 1.65 mum with greater than 60% conversion efficiency.
Current Technologies and Related Issues for Mushroom Transformation (2015)

Mushroom transformation requires a series of experimental steps, including generation of host strains with a desirable selective marker, design of vector DNA, removal of host cell wall, introduction of foreign DNA across the cell membrane, and integration into host genomic DNA or maintenance of an autonomous vector DNA inside the host cell. This review introduces limitations and obstacles related to transformation technologies along with possible solutions. Current methods for cell wall removal and cell membrane permeabilization are summarized together with details of two popular technologies, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and restriction enzyme-mediated integration.
Pleural controversy: Optimal chest tube size for drainage (2010)

In recent years, a higher and higher percentage of patients with pleural effusions or pneumothorax are being treated with small-bore (10-14 F) chest tubes rather than large-bore (>20 F). However, there are very few randomized controlled studies comparing the efficacy and complication rates with the small- and large-bore catheters. Moreover, the randomized trials that are available have flaws in their design. The advantages of the small-bore catheters are that they are easier to insert and there is less pain with their insertion while they are in place. The placement of the small-bore catheters is probably more optimal when placement is done with ultrasound guidance. Small-bore chest tubes are recommended when pleurodesis is performed. The success of the small-bore indwelling tunnelled catheters that are left in place for weeks documents that the small-bore tubes do not commonly become obstructed with fibrin. Patients with complicated parapneumonic effusions are probably best managed with small-bore catheters even when the pleural fluid is purulent. Patients with haemothorax are best managed with large-bore catheters because of blood clots and the high volume of pleural fluid. Most patients with pneumothorax can be managed with aspiration or small-bore chest tubes. If these fail, a large-bore chest tube may be necessary. Patients on mechanical ventilation with barotrauma induced pneumothoraces are best managed with large-bore chest tubes.
Nucleic acid interactive properties of a peptide corresponding to the N-terminal zinc finger domain of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (1992)

An 18-residue peptide (NC-F1) with an amino acid sequence corresponding to the N-terminal zinc finger of human immunodeficiency virus-1 nucleocapsid protein has been shown to bind to nucleic acids by fluorescence and NMR methods. Previously, this peptide has been shown to fold into a defined structure when bound to zinc (Summers et al., 1990). We have used a fluorescent polynucleotide, poly(ethenoadenylic acid), to monitor binding of this peptide to nucleic acids. In the presence of zinc, the peptide had a smaller site size (1.75 nucleotide residues/peptide) than in the absence of the metal ion (2.75). The salt sensitivity of the interaction indicated that two ion pairs are involved in the association of Zn2+ (NC-F1) with polynucleotide, whereas one ion pair is found in the metal-free peptide-nucleic acid complex. Competition experiments with single-stranded DNA (ss DNA) in either the presence or absence of Zn2+ showed that the peptide bound to ss DNA. Using NMR methods, we monitored the binding of a synthetic oligonucleotide, d(TTTGGTTT), to Zn(NC-F1). The hydrophobic residues F2 and I10, which are on the surface of the peptide and have been implicated in viral RNA recognition, were shown to interact with the oligomer. In accord with this observation, analysis of the salt dependence of the polynucleotide-peptide interaction indicates a nonelectrostatic component of about -6 kcal/mol, a value consistent with theoretical estimates of stacking energies of phenylalanine with nucleic acid bases.