gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of Electrochemical Adlayer Structure to the Metal Crystallographic Orientation: Potential-Dependent Iodide Adsorption on Au(100) in Comparison with Other Low-Index Surfaces (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSensitivity of Electrochemical Adlayer Structure to the Metal Crystallographic Orientation: Potential-Dependent Iodide Adsorption on Au(100) in Comparison with Other Low-Index SurfacesXiaoping Gao, Gregory J. Edens, Fan-Chen Liu, Michael J. Weaver, and A. HamelinCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 33, 8086–8095Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100084a027https://doi.org/10.1021/j100084a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Human blood-brain barrier receptors for Alzheimer's amyloid-beta 1- 40. Asymmetrical binding, endocytosis, and transcytosis at the apical side of brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayer. (1998)

A soluble monomeric form of Alzheimer's amyloid-beta (1-40) peptide (sAbeta1-40) is present in the circulation and could contribute to neurotoxicity if it crosses the brain capillary endothelium, which comprises the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vivo. This study characterizes endothelial binding and transcytosis of a synthetic peptide homologous to human sAbeta1-40 using an in vitro model of human BBB. 125I-sAbeta1-40 binding to the brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayer was time dependent, polarized to the apical side, and saturable with high- and low-affinity dissociation constants of 7.8+/-1.2 and 52.8+/-6.2 nM, respectively. Binding of 125I-sAbeta1-40 was inhibited by anti-RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) antibody (63%) and by acetylated low density lipoproteins (33%). Consistent with these data, transfected cultured cells overexpressing RAGE or macrophage scavenger receptor (SR), type A, displayed binding and internalization of 125I-sAbeta1-40. The internalized peptide remains intact > 94%. Transcytosis of 125I-sAbeta1-40 was time and temperature dependent, asymmetrical from the apical to basolateral side, saturable with a Michaelis constant of 45+/-9 nM, and partially sensitive to RAGE blockade (36%) but not to SR blockade. We conclude that RAGE and SR mediate binding of sAbeta1-40 at the apical side of human BBB, and that RAGE is also involved in sAbeta1-40 transcytosis.
Microspheres and microcapsules, a survey of manufacturing techniques Part II: Coacervation (1990)

Abstract A methodological survey of coacervation/phase separation techniques employed for the preparation of microspheres and microcapsules is presented. Basic features of macromolecular coacervation are discussed, and a classification of different coacervation procedures (i.e., simple, complex, aqueous, and nonaqueous) is provided. Microsphere formation and microencapsulation techniques based on coacervation/phase separation of gelatin, gelatin‐acacia, and ethylcellulose are described, and those of a wide range of other polysaccharide derivatives and synthetic polymers are tabulated. The dependence of microsphere/microcapsule characteristics on manufacturing parameters and performance evaluation of microspherical/microcapsular products are also discussed.
Inhibition of mTOR Kinase by AZD8055 Can Antagonize Chemotherapy-induced Cell Death through Autophagy Induction and Down-regulation of p62/Sequestosome 1 (2011)

AZD8055 is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) that forms two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, and negatively regulates autophagy. We demonstrate that AZD8055 stimulates and potentiates chemotherapy-mediated autophagy, as shown by LC3I-II conversion and down-regulation of the ubiquitin-binding protein p62/sequestosome 1. AZD8055-induced autophagy was pro-survival as shown by its ability to attenuate cell death and DNA damage (p-H2AX), and to enhance clonogenic survival by cytotoxic chemotherapy. Autophagy inhibition by siRNA against Beclin 1 or LC3B, or by chloroquine, partially reversed the cytoprotective effect of AZD8055 that was independent of cell cycle inhibition. The pro-survival role of autophagy was confirmed using ectopic expression of Beclin 1 that conferred cytoprotection. To determine whether autophagy-mediated down-regulation of p62/sequestosome 1 contributes to its pro-survival role, we generated p62 knockdown cells using shRNA that showed protection from chemotherapy-induced cell death and DNA damage. We also overexpressed wild-type (wt) p62 that promoted chemotherapy-induced cell death, whereas mutated p62 at functional domains (PB1, UBA) failed to do so. The ability of ectopic wt p62 to promote cell death was blocked by AZD8055. AZD8055 was shown to inhibit phosphorylation of the autophagy-initiating kinase ULK1 at Ser(757) and inhibited known targets of mTORC1 (p-mTOR Ser(2448), p70S6K, p-S6, p4EBP1) and mTORC2 (p-mTOR Ser(2481), p-AKT Ser(473)). Knockdown of mTOR, but not Raptor or Rictor, reduced p-ULK1 at Ser(757) and enhanced chemotherapy-induced autophagy that resulted in a similar cytoprotective effect as shown for AZD8055. In conclusion, AZD8055 inhibits mTOR kinase and ULK1 phosphorylation to induce autophagy whose pro-survival effect is due, in part, to down-regulation of p62.
Cyanine Dyes: Self Aggregation and Behaviour in Surfactants (2007)

The cyanine dyes came to the limelight in 1856 [1] for their application to impart light sensitivity to silver halide emulsions in a region of the spectrum to which the silver halide is normally not sensitive. Numerous applications in various areas are being published every year on this subject. Now it has gained importance for their use in photodynamic therapy and in various biological activities. The generic cyanine dyes consist of two nitrogen centers, one of which are positively charged and are linked by a conjugated chain of an odd number of carbon atoms to the other nitrogen ( 1 ). This has been studied as ?Push-pull? alkenes and forms the basis of the polymethine dyes, which contain the streptopolymethine unit as the chromophore. These dyes are classified as cationic streptopolymethines and hemicyanines ( 1 ), anionic streptopolymethine oxonols ( 2 ), neutral streptopolymethine merocyanines ( 3 ) and zwitterionic squaraine-based cyanines ( 4 ) depending upon the charge of the streptomethine unit. Generally these dyes have an all-trans geometry in their stable form. These dyes undergo photo-isomerization, which can be studied by using various techniques such as flash photolysis, transient absorption, picosecond time-resolved spectroscopy, etc. [2-5]. The cyanines, merocyanines and squaraine dyes are substances with a variety of colors, but are not widely used for dyeing purposes, as they are decolorized by light and acid.
Human tissue kallikrein induces hypotension in transgenic mice. (1994)

We investigated the role of the kallikrein-kinin system in blood pressure control by developing transgenic mice overexpressing human tissue kallikrein. Two lines of transgenic mice carrying the human tissue kallikrein gene under the control of the mouse metallothionein metal-responsive promoter were established. Human tissue kallikrein was identified in pancreas, salivary gland, kidney, liver, and spleen of the transgenic mice by a specific radioimmunoassay for human tissue kallikrein. The immunoreactive human tissue kallikrein reached high levels in the circulation. The linear displacement curves for the transgenic product were parallel with the human tissue kallikrein standard curve, indicating their immunologic identity. The expression of human tissue kallikrein transcript in the transgenic mice was further confirmed by Northern blot analysis and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction followed by Southern blot. Both lines of transgenic mice had significantly lowered blood pressure (86.4 +/- 13.5 mm Hg [mean +/- SD], n = 8 and 78.9 +/- 12.4 mm Hg, n = 8) compared with control mice (100.9 +/- 5.0 mm Hg, n = 8). Induction with zinc did not lower the blood pressure further despite elevated expression of the transgene. Administration of aprotinin, a potent tissue kallikrein inhibitor, restored the blood pressure of the transgenic mice but had no significant effect on control littermates. Our findings raise the possibility of tissue kallikrein being a powerful modulator of blood pressure and provide a new animal model for the study of blood pressure regulation.
Preparation and Properties of Serum and Plasma Proteins. VIII. The Conversion of Human Fibrinogen to Fibrin under Various Conditions1,2 (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of Serum and Plasma Proteins. VIII. The Conversion of Human Fibrinogen to Fibrin under Various Conditions1,2John D. Ferry and Peter R. MorrisonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 2, 388–400Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01194a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01194a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views744Altmetric-Citations305LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Volterra Predistorters for Compensation of Non-linear Effects with Memory in OFDM Transmitters (2006)

This paper proposes an adaptive extension of a least squares Volterra predistorter to compensate for the non-linearity of the high power amplifier (HPA) with memory effects in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems at the transmitter side. Specifically, the input and output of the nonlinear HPA are accessed in the feedback loop structure to obtain the Volterra kernel parameters using least mean square (LMS) and recursive least square (RLS) algorithms. Once the Volterra kernel is obtained and signals pass through the cascaded system of the predistorter and the HPA, overall linear system characteristics are achieved. The proposed method is non-parametric as it does not assume any specific model for the HPA and the signal structure. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified through computer simulations. The improvements in the reduction of out-of-band spectral regrowth and enhanced performance in terms of the bit error rate (BER) are documented for the traveling wave tube (TWT) HPA model
Class management for software communities (1990)

Object-oriented programming may engender an approach to software development characterized by the large-scale reuse of object classes. Large-scale reuse is the use of a class not just by its original developers, but by other developers who may be from other organizations, and may use the classes over a long period of time. Our hypothesis is that the successful dissemination and reuse of classes requires a well-organized community of developers who are ready to share ideas, methods, tools and code. Furthermore, these communities should be supported by software information systems which manage and provide access to class collections. In the following sections we motivate the need for software communities and software information systems. The bulk of this article discusses various issues associated with managing the very large class collections produced and used by these communities.
A DNA Immunization Model Study with Constructs Expressing the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Envelope Protein E in Different Physical Forms (1999)

We have conducted a DNA immunization study to evaluate how the immune response is influenced by the physical structure and secretion of the expressed Ag. For this purpose, we used a series of plasmid constructs encoding different forms of the envelope glycoprotein E of the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus. These included a secreted recombinant subviral particle, a secreted carboxyl-terminally truncated soluble homodimer, a nonsecreted full-length form, and an inefficiently secreted truncated form. Mice were immunized using both i.m. injection and Gene Gun-mediated application of plasmids. The functional immune response was evaluated by determining specific neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting Ab activities and by challenging the mice with a lethal dose of the virus. As a measure for the induction of a Th1 and/or Th2 response, we determined specific IgG subclasses and examined IFN-gamma, Il-4, and Il-5 induction. The plasmid construct encoding a secreted subviral particle, which carries multiple copies of the protective Ag on its surface, was superior to the other constructs in terms of extent and functionality of the Ab response as well as protection against virus challenge. As expected, the type of Th response was largely dependent on the mode of application (i.m. vs Gene Gun), but our data show that it was also strongly influenced by the properties of the Ag. Most significantly, the plasmid encoding the particulate form was able to partially overcome the Th2 bias imposed by the Gene Gun, resulting in a balanced Th1/Th2 response.
High‐power short‐duration versus standard radiofrequency ablation: Insights on lesion metrics (2018)

HPSD RF applications resulted in similar lesion volumes but significantly different lesion geometries when compared with standard setting RF applications.
Configuration of twins in glass‐embedded silver nanoparticles of various origin (2005)

Abstract Structural characterization using high resolution electron microscopy and diffractogram analysis of silver nanoparticles embedded in glass by various routes of fabrication was aimed at revealing the characteristic features of twin faults occuring in such particles. Nearly spherical silver nanoparticles well below 10 nm size embedded in commercial soda‐lime silicate float glass have been fabricated either by silver/sodium ion exchange or by Ag + ion implantation. Twinned nanoparticles, besides single crystalline species, have frequently been observed for both fabrication routes, mainly at sizes above 5 nm, but also at smaller sizes, even around 1 nm. The variety of particle forms comprises single crystalline particles of nearly cuboctahedron shape, particles containing single twin faults, and multiply twinned particles containing parallel twin lamellae, or cyclic twinned segments arranged around axes of fivefold symmetry. Parallel twinning is distinctly favoured by ion implantation whereas cyclic twinning preferably occurs upon ion exchange processing. Regardless of single or repeated twinning, parallel or cyclic twin arrangement, one may classify simple twin faults of regular atomic configuration and compound twin faults whose irregular configuration consists of additional planar defects like associated stacking faults or secondary twin faults. Besides, a particular superstructure composed of parallel twin lamellae of only three atomic layers thickness is observed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Activation of Holliday Junction–Recognizing Protein Involved in the Chromosomal Stability and Immortality of Cancer Cells (2007)

We identified a novel gene HJURP (Holliday junction-recognizing protein) whose activation seemed to play a pivotal role in the immortality of cancer cells. HJURP was considered a possible downstream target for ataxia telangiectasia mutated signaling, and its expression was increased by DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). HJURP was involved in the homologous recombination pathway in the DSB repair process through interaction with hMSH5 and NBS1, which is a part of the MRN protein complex. HJURP formed nuclear foci in cells at S phase and those subjected to DNA damage. In vitro assays implied that HJURP bound directly to the Holliday junction and rDNA arrays. Treatment of cancer cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HJURP caused abnormal chromosomal fusions and led to genomic instability and senescence. In addition, HJURP overexpression was observed in a majority of lung cancers and was associated with poor prognosis as well. We suggest that HJURP is an indispensable factor for chromosomal stability in immortalized cancer cells and is a potential novel therapeutic target for the development of anticancer drugs.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Diphenyl- and Dichlorobutyltin Functionalities Grafted to Insoluble Polystyrene Beads by a −(CH2)n− (n = 4, 6) Spacer (2001)

Insoluble diorganotin functionalized polymers of the type (P−H)1-t(P−(CH2)nSnBuX2)t, with n = 4, 6, X = Ph, Cl, and t being the degree of functionalization, were synthesized from Amberlite XE-305, an insoluble polystyrene (P−H) cross-linked with divinylbenzene. The synthesis conditions used gave rise to functionalization degrees varying from 25% to 30%. The tin-functionalized polystyrenes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and Raman as well as solid-state 117Sn and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Methodological and chemical features related to the determination of the functionalization degree have been investigated in detail. The catalytic activity of the Amberlite-grafted tin functionalities in transesterification reactions was studied.
Empowerment of Diabetic Clients with Knowledge on Foot Care Management (2020)

Diabetic foot lesions are responsible for more hospitalizations than any other complication of diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of nontraumatic lower extremity amputations, with approximately 5% of diabetics developing foot ulcers each year and 1% requiring amputation. Diabetic foot ulcers, occur as a result of various factors, such as mechanical changes in conformation of the bony architecture of the foot, peripheral neuropathy, and atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease, all of which occur with higher frequency and intensity in the diabetic population. Diabetic foot ulcers are a marker of far more serious underlying co-morbidities that often represent a precursor to infection, amputation, and death. Objectives: To assess the baseline knowledge of diabetic patients about diabetic foot ulcer and to educate them about foot care after making a risk assessment. Methods: The study was descriptive in nature and was undertaken in the Diabetic clinic at outpatient Department of PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore. Fifty subjects diagnosed with Diabetes who is on treatment without foot ulcer was selected for the study by using purposive sampling technique. Results: Highest percentages (86%) of patients were diagnosed as type II diabetes mellitus. Out of this 66 percent of patients were on regular treatment and 20% were not on regular treatment. 36% of patients were having cracks in their foot and 64 percent of patients were not. Less than half of the patients (44%) having awareness of foot care. Distribution of diabetic patients according to their level of knowledge shows that 76% of patients had moderately adequate knowledge whereas 12% of patients had inadequate and adequate knowledge respectively. Based on the risk category 41 patients (82%) comes under the category of 0 ( no loss of protective sensation ) were recommended to undergo early foot examination, advised  to wear comfortable shoes and adhere to foot care guidelines. 4 patients (8%) who comes under 1 st category ( loss of protective sensation with no deformity, callus and preulcer) were recommended to undergo early foot examination every 6 months, examine feet daily, use special shoes and instructed to adhere foot care guidelines. 3 patients (6%) were falling under 2 nd category (loss of protective sensation with  deformity, callus and preulcer) recommended to  undergo foot examination every 3-4 months, use special shoes and examine feet  1-2 times a day. 2 patients (4%) were coming under 3 rd category (loss of protective sensation with ulcer) were recommended to  undergo foot examination every 1-2  months, examine feet  1-2 times a day use special foot wear, orthotics and instructed to follow foot care guidelines. This study aimed to identify, assess and empower the knowledge of Diabetic patients on Foot Care Management
Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor Homodimer Biogenesis in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2006)

Dimerization is a common property of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). While the formation of GPCR dimers/oligomers has been reported to play important roles in regulating receptor expression, ligand binding, and second messenger activation, less is known about how and where GPCR dimerization occurs. The present study was performed to identify the precise cellular compartment in which class A GPCR dimer/oligomer biogenesis occurs. We addressed this issue using confocal microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to monitor GPCR proximity within discrete intracellular compartments of intact living cells. Time-lapse confocal imaging was used to follow CFP- and YFP-tagged serotonin 5-HT2C receptors during biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), trafficking through the Golgi apparatus and subsequent expression on the plasma membrane. Real-time monitoring of FRET between CFP- and YFP-tagged 5-HT2C receptors was performed by acceptor photobleaching within discrete regions of the ER, Golgi, and plasma membrane. The FRET signal was dependent on the ratio of CFP- to YFP-tagged 5-HT2C receptors expressed in each region and was independent of receptor expression level, as predicted for proteins in a non-random, clustered distribution. FRET efficiencies measured in the ER, Golgi, and plasma membrane were similar. These experiments provide direct evidence for homodimerization/oligomerization of class A GPCR in the ER and Golgi of intact living cells, and suggest that dimer/oligomer formation is a naturally occurring step in 5-HT2C receptor maturation and processing.