gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting identity-based attacks in wireless networks using signalprints (2006)

Wireless networks are vulnerable to many identity-based attacks in which a malicious device uses forged MAC addresses to masquerade as a specific client or to create multiple illegitimate identities. For example, several link-layer services in IEEE 802.11 networks have been shown to be vulnerable to such attacks even when 802.11i/1X and other security mechanisms are deployed. In this paper we show that a transmitting device can be robustly identified by its signalprint, a tuple of signal strength values reported by access points acting as sensors. We show that, different from MAC addresses or other packet contents, attackers do not have as much control regarding the signalprints they produce. Moreover, using measurements in a testbed network, we demonstrate that signalprints are strongly correlated with the physical location of clients, with similar values found mostly in close proximity. By tagging suspicious packets with their corresponding signalprints, the network is able to robustly identify each transmitter independently of packet contents, allowing detection of a large class of identity-based attacks with high probability.
Antibacterial Effects of Carbon Nanotubes: Size Does Matter! (2008)

We provide the first evidence that the size (diameter) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a key factor governing their antibacterial effects and that the likely main CNT-cytotoxicity mechanism is cell membrane damage by direct contact with CNTs. Experiments with well-characterized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) demonstrate that SWNTs are much more toxic to bacteria than MWNTs. Gene expression data show that in the presence of both MWNTs and SWNTs, Escherichia coli expresses high levels of stress-related gene products, with the quantity and magnitude of expression being much higher in the presence of SWNTs.
Geodesic illumination basis: compensating for illumination variations in any pose for face recognition (2003)

Proposes a model of illumination variations of the object appearance, called the geodesic illumination basis model. It calculates pose-independent illumination bases on a 3D model, and these bases are warped into view-dependent bases in any pose. We experimentally evaluate how many illumination samples and bases are necessary, and show that our model can compensate for any illumination variations in any pose. A face recognition system incorporating our proposed model is constructed, and its performance is tested using a database of 3D models and test images of 42 individuals captured in drastically differing pose and illumination conditions. Our system achieves a first-choice success ratio of 97.3% when the position and pose of the target face are known.
Improving Preventive Care by Prompting Physicians (2000)

Dependable performance improvement in preventive care can be accomplished through prompting physicians. Vigorous application of this simple and effective information intervention could save thousands of lives annually. Health care organizations could effectively use prompts, alerts, or reminders to provide information to clinicians when patient care decisions are made.
Enhanced Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Response of Intranasal Adenoviral Vector Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine and Localization in the Central Nervous System (2003)

Replication-defective adenovirus (ADV) vectors represent a promising potential platform for the development of a vaccine for AIDS. Although this vector is typically administered intramuscularly, it would be desirable to induce mucosal immunity by delivery through alternative routes. In this study, the immune response and biodistribution of ADV vectors delivered by different routes were evaluated. ADV vectors expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag, Pol, and Env were delivered intramuscularly or intranasally into mice. Intranasal immunization induced greater HIV-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in mucosal secretions and sera than in animals with intramuscular injection, which showed stronger systemic cellular and IgG responses. Administration of the vaccine through an intranasal route failed to overcome prior ADV immunity. Animals exposed to ADV prior to vaccination displayed substantially reduced cellular and humoral immune responses to HIV antigens in both groups, though the reduction was greater in animals immunized intranasally. This inhibition was partially overcome by priming with a DNA expression vector expressing HIV-1 Gag, Pol, and Env before boosting with the viral vector. Biodistribution of recombinant adenovirus (rADV) vectors administered intranasally revealed infection of the central nervous system, specifically in the olfactory bulb, possibly via retrograde transport by olfactory neurons in the nasal epithelium, which may limit the utility of this route of delivery of ADV vector-based vaccines.
Antigen-independent suppression of the IgE immune response to bee venom phospholipase A2 by maternally derived monoclonal IgG antibodies (1998)

The IgE immune response to ovalbumin in rats can be suppressed by prior immunization of the dams. The results reported in this paper extend this observation to include a different antigen and another species, namely the IgE immune response to bee venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in CBA/J mice. The degree of suppression seemed to depend on the amount of IgG antibodies transferred to the offspring. Moreover, we found that the maternally mediated suppression of the IgE response could be achieved in a completely antigen-free system in which exogenous monoclonal anti-PLA2 IgG antibodies were transferred from the dams to the offspring. The following results were obtained: (i) The IgE suppression by monoclonal IgG antibodies was induced as efficiently with one single anti-PLA2 IgG1 antibody as with a mixture of ten antibodies (nine IgG1, one IgG2b). (ii) Even after several immunizations up to an age of 6 months with a dose of PLA2 that normally induces IgE production, none of the F1 mice developed an IgE response. (iii) This long-lasting suppression was observed in mice which were first immunized at an age of 4 weeks (i.e. when low amounts of maternally derived monoclonal IgG were still present), as well as in mice which were first immunized at an age of 8 weeks, when no such maternal antibodies could be detected in their sera. The corresponding IgG responses showed, compared to normal mice, a transient enhancement in the maternally influenced mice. It is concluded that the immunological experience of the mother is of particular importance for the isotype regulation in the newborns, especially with respect to the ability to elicit an IgE response. The possible implications for the development of allergic diseases in humans are discussed.
A phase 1b/2 study combining MM-151 + nal-IRI + 5-FU + leucovorin in RAS-wildtype metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). (2016)

TPS3633 Background: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide and the third most common cancer in men and women. Despite recent approvals of new agents in refractory disease, there has been little change in the composition of first-line therapies in recent years, which generally include chemotherapy in combination with a biologic, either an EGFR-targeted antibody or a VEGF inhibitor. Investigational agents currently in development represent attempts to improve anti-neoplastic efficacy within these established drug classes. MM-151 is a oligoclonal mixture of three IgG1, anti-EGFR antibodies designed to bind distinct non-overlapping EGFR epitopes and inhibit ligand-mediated signal amplification. MM-151’s molecular composition enables antagonism of clinically relevant EGFR ligand mixtures, EGFR down-regulation and immune effector function (ADCC, CDC). Nal-IRI is a nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan. In a randomized phase-III study (NAPOLI-1) of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy, nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV demonstrated its safety and significant clinical activity, increasing overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) relative to 5-FU/LV. The current study will characterize preliminary safety, initial efficacy and biomarker / pharmacodynamic profile of MM-151 + nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV in mCRC patients who are treatment naïve to an EGFR inhibitor or irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Methods: In the dose finding cohorts of this Phase 1b/2 study, a modified toxicity probability interval approach (mTPI) will be utilized to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MM-151 in combination with nal-IRI, 5FU and leucovorin. Enrollment will be determined by the safety profile observed, with approximately 8-12 pts anticipated. In the Phase 2 portion of the study, approximately 20-30 pts will receive the combination at the defined MTD. The primary objectives of this phase of the study is to characterize initial efficacy, obtain additional safety data, and complete pharmacodynamic and biomarker evaluation through the collection of pre-treatment and on-study samples.
A role for ephrin-A5 in axonal sprouting, recovery, and activity-dependent plasticity after stroke (2012)

Stroke causes loss of neurological function. Recovery after stroke is facilitated by forced use of the affected limb and is associated with sprouting of new connections, a process that is sharply confined in the adult brain. We show that ephrin-A5 is induced in reactive astrocytes in periinfarct cortex and is an inhibitor of axonal sprouting and motor recovery in stroke. Blockade of ephrin-A5 signaling using a unique tissue delivery system induces the formation of a new pattern of axonal projections in motor, premotor, and prefrontal circuits and mediates recovery after stroke in the mouse through these new projections. Combined blockade of ephrin-A5 and forced use of the affected limb promote new and surprisingly widespread axonal projections within the entire cortical hemisphere ipsilateral to the stroke. These data indicate that stroke activates a newly described membrane-bound astrocyte growth inhibitor to limit neuroplasticity, activity-dependent axonal sprouting, and recovery in the adult.
Protective effect of interleukin-3 and erythropoietin on motor neuron death after neonatal axotomy (2002)

Several members of hematopoietic factors are known to have neuroprotective effects against axotomized motor neuron death. We carried out a study to determine whether interleukin-3 (IL-3) and erythropoietin (EPO) rescue spinal motor neuron death following axotomy. Unilateral sciatic nerve was transected in neonatal rats. Different doses of IL-3, EPO, or vehicle were administered daily for two weeks by intraperitoneal injection. After treatment, the number of spinal motor neurons was determined at the level of L4 segment In comparison with vehicle, both IL-3 (10 microg kg(-1)) and EPO (5.0 mg kg(-1)) significantly prevented the loss of motor neurons. Protective potentials is the same between them. These results suggest that IL-3 and EPO play a role for motor neuron survival in vivo and suggest the potential use of these hematopoietic factors in treating diseases that involve degeneration and death of motor neurons, such as motor neuropathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Gangliosides of human melanoma: altered expression in vivo and in vitro. (1987)

The ganglioside composition of human melanoma was analyzed in five sets of tumor specimens obtained directly from surgery, from the autologous tissue culture cell lines, and from the autologous cell lines grown in athymic nude mice. Total gangliosides of these 15 melanoma specimens were isolated and purified, and the amount of each component ganglioside was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and a thin-layer chromatography scanner. The ganglioside composition of the five surgical melanoma specimens clearly exhibited different patterns from each other. Moreover, none of the autologous cultured melanomas possessed the same ganglioside composition as their original biopsied tumors. However, when these melanoma cell lines were transplanted into nude mice, the ganglioside composition was converted back to the same ganglioside pattern as in the original surgical specimens. The results support the view that changes in the ganglioside composition of melanoma during in vitro growth are caused by the culture environment rather than by selection of melanoma cells with a particular genotype. Reestablishment of the original ganglioside patterns after passage in nude mice provides clear evidence that in vivo expression of gangliosides is a conserved and stable function specified by the human melanoma cells.
IL-6 Mediates the Effects of IL-1 or TNF, but Not PTHrP or 1,25(OH)2D3, on Osteoclast-like Cell Formation in Normal Human Bone Marrow Cultures (1998)

A potent interleukin-6 (IL-6) antagonist (Sant 5), which binds tightly to the IL-6alpha receptor but has impaired gp130 heterodimerization, has been developed recently by site-directed mutagenesis of human IL-6. We report here that Sant 5 inhibits IL-6-stimulated osteoclast-like multinucleated cell (MNC) formation in human marrow cultures but also inhibits the stimulatory effects of IL-1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha in these cultures. We further show that a neutralizing antibody to IL-6 also inhibits the stimulatory effects of IL-1 or TNF-alpha in these cultures. In contrast, Sant 5 had no effect on parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulated MNC formation in human marrow cultures. Transfection of a human marrow stromal cell line, which normally induces osteoclast formation through production of IL-6, with the Sant 5 cDNA driven by a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter blocked the capacity of these cells to stimulate osteoclast-like cell formation. These Sant 5 transfected cells and conditioned media from these cells also inhibited the stimulatory effects of the parent cell line on MNC formation. These data suggest that IL-6 mediates the effects of IL-1 and TNF on human osteoclast formation, but in contrast to murine systems, does not mediate the effects of PTHrP. These data further demonstrate that stromal cells transfected with the Sant 5 cDNA can constitutively produce high levels of the IL-6 antagonist and inhibit osteoclast formation in vitro.
Perforating the Horizontal Well: Designs and Techniques Prove Successful (1987)

ABSTRACT The application of well servicing equipment to that of horizontal well completions present specific design considerations that do not arise in the norm of conventional well completions. Although tubing conveyed perforating has been most suited to highly deviated wells and long intervals, horizontal well designs must consider other factors. Short radius turns, long measured depths and extended pay intervals give rise to mechanical complications while running the guns, obtaining an underbalance, detonating the charges, and removing the guns from the well. Addressing reservoir characteristics by selecting perforation geometry and shot orientation is also an integral phase in the completion design. The judicious utilization and application of perforating equipment will result in the primary objective of optimum production.
Masked ion beam resist exposure using grid support stencil masks (1985)

Submicrometer resolution ion beam resist exposure using a new type of stencil mask is described. The mask uses a grid support structure in transmission areas to remove restrictions on pattern geometry and improve stability. The image of the grid is eliminated by rocking the incident angle of the ion beam during exposure, or by special processing of the resist. We describe the mask fabrication sequence and show examples of masks that employ a 320 nm period grid structure. Patterns with a minimum feature size of less than one-half micrometer have been replicated using this type of mask with both single and multilayer resists. In addition, experiments are described which used low energy ion beams to test the ultimate resolution of stencil masks without grid support. 40 nm wide lines were printed in PMMA at a mask-to-wafer gap of 25 μm. The applicability of such masks in high resolution proximity printing systems is discussed.
Differential Effect of Formoterol on Adenosine Monophosphate and Histamine Reactivity in Asthma (1999)

Short-acting beta2-agonists provide greater protection against bronchoconstriction induced by adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) than by direct-acting bronchoconstrictors such as histamine and methacholine. AMP is thought to cause bronchoconstriction via release of mediators from mast cells, which suggests that these drugs stabilize mast cells in vivo. This in vivo property has not yet been demonstrated for long-acting beta2-agonists. We undertook a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to investigate the effects of a single dose of formoterol inhaled via Turbuhaler (12 micrograms) and of albuterol inhaled via Turbuhaler (200 micrograms) on airway responsiveness to AMP and histamine in 16 subjects with mild atopic asthma. Albuterol reduced airway responsiveness to AMP and histamine by 4.1 +/- 0.5 and 3.5 +/- 0.4 doubling doses, respectively. In contrast, formoterol caused a greater protective effect against AMP than against histamine challenge, decreasing airway responsiveness by 6.0 +/- 0.8 and 4.2 +/- 0.4 doubling doses, respectively (p < 0.05). Thus, the long-acting beta2-agonist formoterol appears to have a mast cell-stabilizing effect in vivo in mild asthma.
Immortal CO2/Propylene Oxide Copolymerization: Precise Control of Molecular Weight and Architecture of Various Block Copolymers (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTImmortal CO2/Propylene Oxide Copolymerization: Precise Control of Molecular Weight and Architecture of Various Block CopolymersAnish Cyriac, Sang Hwan Lee, Jobi Kodiyan Varghese, Eun Seok Park, Ji Hae Park, and Bun Yeoul Lee*View Author Information Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 18, 7398–7401Publication Date (Web):August 27, 2010Publication History Received6 June 2010Revised5 August 2010Published online27 August 2010Published inissue 28 September 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma101259khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma101259krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3990Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Anions,Copolymerization,Gel permeation chromatography,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Nitric oxide reduces flow-induced superoxide production via cGMP-dependent protein kinase in thick ascending limbs (2009)

We have shown that increased luminal flow induces O(2)(-) and nitric oxide (NO) production in thick ascending limbs (TALs). However, the interaction of flow-stimulated NO and O(2)(-) in TALs is unclear. We hypothesized that NO inhibits flow-induced O(2)(-) production in TALs via cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). We measured flow-stimulated O(2)(-) production in rat TALs using dihydroethidium in the absence and presence of L-arginine (0.3 mM), the substrate for NO synthase. The addition of L-arginine reduced flow-induced net O(2)(-) production from 68 +/- 9 to 17 +/- 4 AU/s (P < 0.002). The addition of the NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 5 mM) in the presence of L-arginine stimulated production (L-arginine: 15 +/- 4 AU/s vs. L-arginine + L-NAME: 63 +/- 7 AU/s; P < 0.002). The guanylate cyclase inhibitor LY-83583 (10 microM) also enhanced flow-induced net O(2)(-) production in the presence of L-arginine (L-arginine: 7 +/- 4 AU/s vs. L-arginine + LY-83583: 53 +/- 7 AU/s; P < 0.01). In the presence of LY-83583, L-arginine only reduced flow-induced net O(2)(-) by 36% (LY-83583: 80 +/- 7 AU/s vs. LY-83583 + L-arginine: 51 +/- 3 AU/s; P < 0.006). The cGMP analog dibutyryl (db)-cGMP reduced flow-induced net O(2)(-) from 39 +/- 9 to 7 +/- 3 AU/s (P < 0.03). The PKG inhibitor KT-5823 (5 microM) partially restored flow-induced net O(2)(-) in the presence of L-arginine (L-arginine: 4 +/- 4 AU/s vs. L-arginine + KT-5823: 32 +/- 9 AU/s; P < 0.03) and db-cGMP (db-cGMP: 9 +/- 7 AU/s vs. db-cGMP + KT-5823: 54 +/- 5 AU/s; P < 0.01). Phosphodiesterase II inhibition had no effect on arginine-inhibited O(2)(-) production. We conclude that 1) NO reduces flow-stimulated O(2)(-) production, 2) this occurs primarily via the cGMP/PKG pathway, and 3) O(2)(-) scavenging by NO plays a minor role.
Protein Resistance of Titanium Oxide Surfaces Modified by Biologically Inspired mPEG−DOPA (2004)

In the present study, we have utilized X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), spectroscopic ellipsometry (ELM), and optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) to examine the surface adsorption and protein resistance behavior of bio-inspired polymers consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated to peptide mimics of mussel adhesive proteins. Peptides containing up to three residues of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), a key component of mussel adhesive proteins, were conjugated to monomethoxy-terminated PEG polymers. These mPEG-DOPA polymers were found to be highly adhesive to TiO2 surfaces, with quantitative XPS analysis providing useful insight into the binding mechanism. Additionally, the antifouling properties of immobilized PEG were reflected in the excellent resistance of mPEG-DOPA-modified TiO2 surfaces to protein adsorption. Measurements of mPEG-DOPA and human serum adsorption were related in terms of ethylene glycol (EG) surface density and serum mass adsorbed and demonstrated a threshold of approximately 15-20 EG/nm2, above which substantially little protein adsorbs. With respect to surface density of adsorbed PEG and the associated nonfouling behavior of the adlayers, strong parallels exist between the nonfouling properties of the surface-bound mPEG-DOPA polymers and PEG polymers immobilized to surfaces using other approaches. Peptide anchors containing three DOPA residues resulted in PEG surface densities higher than those achieved using several existing PEG immobilization strategies, suggesting that peptide mimics of mussel adhesive proteins may be useful for achieving high densities of protein-resistant polymers on surfaces.
Rituximab and Intravenous Immune Globulin for Desensitization during Renal Transplantation (2008)

These findings suggest that the combination of intravenous immune globulin and rituximab may prove effective as a desensitization regimen for patients awaiting a transplant from either a living donor or a deceased donor. Larger and longer trials are needed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this approach. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00642655.)