gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multiple-component, ATP-dependent protease from Escherichia coli. (1987)

A new ATP-dependent, casein-degrading proteolytic complex has been identified and partially purified from Escherichia coli. The proteolytic complex can be isolated from wild-type cells as well as from mutants in which the gene for the ATP-dependent Lon protease is deleted. The complex consists of at least two components (components I and II) that can be separated from each other (and from wild-type Lon protease) by phosphocellulose chromatography. Neither component has casein-degrading activity when added separately to assay solutions with or without ATP. Both components must be present simultaneously for casein degradation to occur. Of the nucleotides tested, only ATP activates the proteolytic complex, and the ATP must be present continuously for degradation to occur. Component II copurifies with an ATPase activity and binds to a Type 4 ATP affinity column. ATP protects component II from heat inactivation, suggesting that component II interacts with ATP. Proteolysis was not inhibited by any serine protease inhibitors but was inhibited by reagents such as the organomercurial Neohydrin and N-ethylmaleimide, which react with sulfhydryl groups. Our data provide convincing evidence that E. coli possesses a previously undescribed proteolytic system composed of at least two complementary components and absolutely dependent on ATP.
THE ROLE OF ROOT EXUDATES IN RHIZOSPHERE INTERACTIONS WITH PLANTS AND OTHER ORGANISMS (2006)

The rhizosphere encompasses the millimeters of soil surrounding a plant root where complex biological and ecological processes occur. This review describes recent advances in elucidating the role of root exudates in interactions between plant roots and other plants, microbes, and nematodes present in the rhizosphere. Evidence indicating that root exudates may take part in the signaling events that initiate the execution of these interactions is also presented. Various positive and negative plant-plant and plant-microbe interactions are highlighted and described from the molecular to the ecosystem scale. Furthermore, methodologies to address these interactions under laboratory conditions are presented.
Crystallographic Approach to Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4)-specific Inhibitors by Using CDK4 Mimic CDK2 Protein (2001)

Genetic alteration of one or more components of the p16(INK4A)-CDK4,6/cyclin D-retinoblastoma pathway is found in more than half of all human cancers. Therefore, CDK4 is an attractive target for the development of a novel anticancer agent. However, it is difficult to make CDK4-specific inhibitors that do not possess activity for other kinases, especially CDK2, because the CDK family has high structural homology. The three-dimensional structure of CDK2, particularly that bound with the inhibitor, has provided useful information for the synthesis of CDK2-specific inhibitors. The same approach used to make CDK4-specific inhibitors was hindered by the failure to obtain a crystal structure of CDK4. To overcome this problem, we synthesized a CDK4 mimic CDK2 protein in which the ATP binding pocket of CDK2 was replaced with that of CDK4. This CDK4 mimic CDK2 was crystallized both in the free and inhibitor-bound form. The structural information thus obtained was found to be useful for synthesis of a CDK4-specific inhibitor that does not have substantial CDK2 activity. Namely, the data suggest that CDK4 has additional space that will accommodate a large substituent such as the CDK4 selective inhibitor. Inhibitors designed to bind into this large cavity should be selective for CDK4 without having substantial CDK2 activity. This design principle was confirmed in the x-ray crystal structure of the CDK4 mimic CDK2 with a new CDK4 selective inhibitor bound.
Antiviral activity of some .beta.-diketones. 4. Benzyl diketones. In vitro activity against both RNA and DNA viruses (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiviral activity of some .beta.-diketones. 4. Benzyl diketones. In vitro activity against both RNA and DNA virusesG. D. Diana, Philip M. Carabateas, Robert E. Johnson, Gordon L. Williams, Francis Pancic, and Joseph C. CollinsCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1978, 21, 9, 889–894Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00207a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00207a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views442Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Population Explosion of the hairy crazy ant, Paratrechina Pubens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), on St. Croix, US Virgin Islands (2008)

The hairy crazy ant, Paratrechina pubens (Forel), is undergoing a population explosion on St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. Here, we evaluate the status of P. pubens on St. Croix. In 2002, residents of Calquohoun and surrounding areas in central St. Croix began reporting large infestations of P. pubens. In 2005 and 2006, we surveyed ants at >100 sites across St. Croix. We found 3 geographically discrete populations of P. pubens occupying ∼5% of the island: a main population centered on Calquohoun spread over ∼9 km2 and 2 smaller populations occupying <1 km2 each. Locals blamed P. pubens for crop damage due to high densities of plant-feeding Hemiptera that tended the ants. Surveys of trees in areas with and without P. pubens present indicated that P. pubens has a significant negative impact on arboreal-foraging ants. The distribution and chronology of P. pubens records on St. Croix suggest that this species is a recently arrived exotic. It is unknown whether P. pubens will become a more serious pest on St. Croix or whether populations will collapse to inconsequential levels.
Avoiding unintentional hypothermia: anesthesia implications. (1990)

Maintaining normal thermal balance in the anesthetized patient remains a primary physiological consideration for the anesthetist. Because hypothermia occurs frequently during surgery and anesthesia, it is imperative that the anesthetist fully appreciate the variety of factors associated with unintentional hypothermia. This knowledged, coupled with an understanding of physiological ramifications and meaningful therapeutic interventions will enable the anesthetist to provide optimal care for patients, particularly those at risk for developing hypothermia intraoperatively. This survey article will trace current research as it applies to the principles underlying proper management of the hypothermic patient.
A Potent Gelatinase Inhibitor with Anti‐Tumor‐Invasive Activity and its Metabolic Disposition (2009)

Metastatic tumors lead to more than 90% fatality. Despite the importance of invasiveness of tumors to poor disease outcome, no anti-invasive compounds have been commercialized. We describe herein the synthesis and evaluation of 4-(4-(thiiranylmethylsulfonyl)phenoxy)-phenyl methanesulfonate (compound 2) as a potent and selective inhibitor of gelatinases (matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9), two enzymes implicated in invasiveness of tumors. It was demonstrated that compound 2 significantly attenuated the invasiveness of human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080). The metabolism of compound 2 involved hydroxylation at the alpha-methylene, which generates sulfinic acid, thiirane ring-opening, followed by methylation and oxidation, and cysteine conjugation of both the thiirane and phenyl rings.
Phase II Trial of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Radioimmunotherapy With 131I-Labetuzumab After Salvage Resection of Colorectal Metastases in the Liver: Five-Year Safety and Efficacy Results (2005)

Because both the median OS and 5-year survival rates seem to be improved with adjuvant RAIT after complete LM resection in CRC, compared with historical and contemporaneous controls not receiving RAIT, these results justify further evaluation of this modality in a multicenter, randomized trial.
Creating a safer environment in US coal mines: the Bureau of Mines methane control program, 1964-79. Special publications (1981)

This report summarizes the principal activities and results of 15 years of research by the Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior, on methane control in coal mines. This research has investigated fundamental factors regarding the occurrence and movement of methane in coalbeds, removal of methane prior to mining, and control of methane during mining. The report includes a bibliography listing the more than 150 publications resulting from the Bureau's methane control program as well as numerous other references, a section on methane recovery and use, a look at the upcoming Bureau of Mines research program, and a brief review of methane drainage practices in other coal-producing countries.
Fueling the Obesity Epidemic? Artificially Sweetened Beverage Use and Long‐term Weight Gain (2008)

We have examined the relationship between artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumption and long-term weight gain in the San Antonio Heart Study. From 1979 to 1988, height, weight, and ASB consumption were measured among 5,158 adult residents of San Antonio, Texas. Seven to eight years later, 3,682 participants (74% of survivors) were re-examined. Outcome measures were incidence of overweight/obesity (OW/OB(inc)) and obesity (OB(inc)) (BMI > or = 25 and > or = 30 kg/m(2), respectively), and BMI change by follow-up (DeltaBMI, kg/m(2)). A significant positive dose-response relationship emerged between baseline ASB consumption and all outcome measures, adjusted for baseline BMI and demographic/behavioral characteristics. Consuming >21 ASBs/week (vs. none) was associated with almost-doubled risk of OW/OB (odds ratio (OR) = 1.93, P = 0.007) among 1,250 baseline normal-weight (NW) individuals, and doubled risk of obesity (OR = 2.03, P = 0.0005) among 2,571 individuals with baseline BMIs <30 kg/m(2). Compared with nonusers (+1.01 kg/m(2)), DeltaBMIs were significantly higher for ASB quartiles 2-4: +1.46 (P = 0.003), +1.50 (P = 0.002), and +1.78 kg/m(2) (P < 0.0001), respectively. Overall, adjusted DeltaBMIs were 47% greater among artificial sweetener (AS) users than nonusers (+1.48 kg/m(2) vs. +1.01 kg/m(2), respectively, P < 0.0001). In separate analyses--stratified by gender; ethnicity; baseline weight category, dieting, or diabetes status; or exercise-change category--DeltaBMIs were consistently greater among AS users. These differences, though not significant among exercise increasers, or those with baseline diabetes or BMI >30 kg/m(2) (P = 0.069), were significant in all 13 remaining strata. These findings raise the question whether AS use might be fueling--rather than fighting--our escalating obesity epidemic.
Development of Nanoparticle Stabilized Polymer Nanocontainers with High Content of the Encapsulated Active Agent and Their Application in Water‐Borne Anticorrosive Coatings (2012)

A novel method for the encapsulation of organic active agents in nanoparticle-armored polymer composite nanocontainers (analog of Pickering emulsions) is introduced. The multifunctionality of the constituents allows a fabrication path that does not require auxiliary materials. Embedding the composite nanocontainers into a water-based alkyd resin and subsequent film formation yields a homogeneous polymer film doped with highly disperse composite nanocontainers. The resistance and self-healing of such a film on aluminium is enhanced.
Prolegomena for Robust Face Tracking (1998)

Real-time 3D face tracking is a task with applications to animation, video teleconferencing, speechreading, and accessibility. In spite of advances in hardware and efficient vision algorithms, robust face tracking remains elusive for all of the reasons which make computer vision difficult: variations in illumination, pose, expression, and visibility complicate the tracking process, especially under real-time constraints. This paper considers the problem of robust face tracking. First, we survey recent work in face tracking, which helps us determine what is required for robust face tracking. In particular, we note that robust systems tend to possess some state-based architecture comprising heterogeneous algorithms, and that robust recovery from tracking failure requires several other facial image analysis tasks. Finally, we brie y describe one system for robust face tracking that uses Incremental Focus of Attention (IFA), a state-based architecture which allows fast recovery of lost targets within a unified framework.
Nerve growth factor promotes the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and its association with the trk tyrosine kinase. (1992)

We investigated the involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns 3-kinase) in the initiation of signal transduction by nerve growth factor (NGF) in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line. PtdIns 3-kinase catalyzes the formation of phosphoinositides with phosphate in the D-3 position of the inositol ring and previously has been found to associate with other activated protein tyrosine kinases, including growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. Anti-phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates had PtdIns 3-kinase activity that reached a maximum (9 times the basal activity) after a 5-min exposure of PC12 cells to NGF (100 ng/ml). Since NGF activates the tyrosine kinase activity of gp140trk, the protein product of the trk proto-oncogene, we also examined the association of PtdIns 3-kinase with gp140trk. Anti-gp140trk immunoprecipitates from NGF-stimulated PC12 cells had increased PtdIns 3-kinase activity compared to that of unstimulated cells, and larger increases were detected in cells overexpressing gp140trk, indicating that PtdIns 3-kinase associates with gp140trk. NGF produced large increases in [32P]phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and [32P]phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in PC12 cells labeled with [32P]orthophosphate, indicating an increase in PtdIns 3-kinase activity in intact cells. Using an anti-85-kDa PtdIns 3-kinase subunit antibody, we found that NGF promoted the tyrosine phosphorylation of an 85-kDa protein and two proteins close to 110 kDa. These studies demonstrate that NGF activates PtdIns 3-kinase and promotes its association with gp140trk and also show that NGF promotes the tyrosine phosphorylation of the 85-kDa subunit of PtdIns 3-kinase. Thus, PtdIns 3-kinase activation appears to be involved in differentiation as well as mitogenic responses.
Adjuvant chemotherapy using cisplatin by subcutaneous administration. (1997)

BACKGROUND-MATERIALS: Based on previous polymer release experience, this study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity, efficacy and systemic absorption of cisplatin administered subcutaneously in dogs. METHODS-RESULTS-CONCLUSIONS: Fifty to 70 mg/m2 cisplatin was suspended in saline and injected subcutaneously in 6 dogs as an adjunct to their primary treatment for sarcoma. Gastrointestinal, bone marrow, renal or local tissue toxicity occurred following the first (dogs 1-3,5,6) and second (dogs 1 and 2) treatments. Low, yet measurable levels of platinum were present in serum through day 14 following injection in all dogs. Due to the toxicity seen, all further planned treatments were discontinued and adjuvant regimes were completed with intravenous carboplatin. Although slow systemic absorption of platinum can occur following subcutaneous administration, the degree of toxicity seen following this treatment would indicate that a drug delivery vehicle may be necessary if cisplatin is to be administered for sustained release and adsorption.
3D flexible multichannel probe array (2003)

A 3D flexible multichannel micro probe array is proposed. Since each probe has several recording pads, the probe array can measure neural activity at various depths in the brain. They can be easily fabricated with the interconnections, using the folding process of planar probe structures. This flexible probe array can be inserted into a rat's brain without fracture and has successfully measured neural signals.
Mutational Analysis of the Cy Motif from p21 Reveals Sequence Degeneracy and Specificity for Different Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (2001)

Inhibitors, activators, and substrates of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) utilize a cyclin-binding sequence, known as a Cy or RXL motif, to bind directly to the cyclin subunit. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the Cy motif of the cdk inhibitor p21 revealed that the conserved arginine or leucine (constituting the conserved RXL sequence) was important for p21's ability to inhibit cyclin E-cdk2 activity. Further analysis of mutant Cy motifs showed, however, that RXL was neither necessary nor sufficient for a functional cyclin-binding motif. Replacement of either of these two residues with small hydrophobic residues such as valine preserved p21's inhibitory activity on cyclin E-cdk2, while mutations in either polar or charged residues dramatically impaired p21's inhibitory activity. Expressing p21N with non-RXL Cy sequences inhibited growth of mammalian cells, providing in vivo confirmation that RXL was not necessary for a functional Cy motif. We also show that the variant Cy motifs identified in this study can effectively target substrates to cyclin-cdk complexes for phosphorylation, providing additional evidence that these non-RXL motifs are functional. Finally, binding studies using p21 Cy mutants demonstrated that the Cy motif was essential for the association of p21 with cyclin E-cdk2 but not with cyclin A-cdk2. Taking advantage of this differential specificity toward cyclin E versus cyclin A, we demonstrate that cell growth inhibition was absolutely dependent on the ability of a p21 derivative to inhibit cyclin E-cdk2.
Cation-dependent segregation phenomena and phase behavior in model membrane systems containing phosphatidylserine: influence of cholesterol and acyl chain composition (1984)

The addition of Ca2+ to model membrane systems containing phosphatidylserine (PS) can have remarkable effects on the distribution of PS and the overall polymorphic phase [bilayer or hexagonal (HII)] assumed by the lipid mixture. In this study, we examine the influence of Ca2+ on lipid mixtures composed of well-defined (synthetic) species of PS, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the presence and absence of cholesterol by employing 31P and 2H NMR, freeze-fracture, and X-ray techniques. It is shown that whereas Ca2+ can segregate PS into crystalline cochleate domains in equimolar mixtures of dioleoyl-PE and dioleoyl-PS (DOPS), such effects are not observed for mixtures containing more unsaturated (dilinoleoyl) species of PS. The addition of cholesterol to these PE-PS systems inhibits Ca2+-induced segregation of DOPS and facilitates Ca2+-triggered hexagonal (HII) phase formation for both the PE and the PS components. In contrast, in equimolar mixtures of DOPS with dioleoyl-PC, Ca2+-induced segregation of phospholipid is not affected by the presence of up to 33 mol % cholesterol. These and related effects suggest that, in multicomponent biomembrane systems containing both PE and cholesterol, phase segregation of PS by Ca2+ may not be readily achievable. These results are discussed with regard to the reliability of 31P NMR phase identifications of phospholipid structure in model and biological membranes and demonstrate that in mixed lipid systems the influence of divalent cations on lipid distribution and structure can be exquisitely sensitive to details of the local lipid composition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Humic acid fractionation, using a nearly linear pH gradient (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHumic acid fractionation, using a nearly linear pH gradientMichael A. Curtis, Allan F. Witt, Steven B. Schram, and L. B. RogersCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 8, 1195–1199Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00231a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00231a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MAD Gates—Memristor Logic Design Using Driver Circuitry (2016)

Memristors have recently begun to be explored in arithmetic applications. However, all prior designs for memristor-based gates have had shortcomings in terms of scalability, applicability, completeness, and performance. In this brief, a new low-power gate design, i.e., memristors-as-drivers gates, is proposed, which overcomes each of these issues by combining sense circuitry with the IMPLY operation. By sensing the values of the input memristors as the driver for the output memristor, the delay is reduced to a single step for any Boolean operation, including xor. The area is reduced to at most three memristors for each gate and consumes only 30 fJ. An ${N}$-bit ripple carry adder implementation is proposed, which uses these gates to achieve a total delay of ${N}+1$ with an area of 8${N}$ memristors and their drivers. The individual bits of the proposed adder can be also pipelined, reducing the latency to four steps per addition.
Effects of oxygen free radicals and scavengers on the cardiac extracellular collagen matrix during ischemia-reperfusion. (1994)

We conclude that: first, oxygen free radicals trigger significant collagen damage and left ventricular dysfunction during reperfusion; second, these changes extend beyond the ischemic damage alone; and third, free radical scavengers can effectively limit oxygen free radical-induced collagen loss and left ventricular dysfunction.