gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero Common-Knowledge Authentication for Pervasive Networks (2003)

Abstract. Ad-hoc networks and even more intrinsic pervasive networks face huge security lacks. In the most general case entities need to build up a well-defined security association without any pre-established secret or common security infrastructure. Under these circumstances it turns out that without unrealistic assumptions authentication of previously unknown parties is not achievable. However, for a wide spectrum of scenarios much weaker authentication forms are reasonable, e.g., for routing protocols and other protocols aiming to intensify cooperation. Like in real world when foreign subjects meet for the very first time, inferring the opposites identity is impossible. Nevertheless even from this zero common-knowledge status some minor level of trust establishment is possible for both scenarios, in real world and on a technical level. In this paper we will present a very light-weight still provably secure authentication protocol not aiming at inferring the involved entities ’ identities but re-recognizing foreign communication partners whenever necessary. We do not make any assumptions to the scenario, and we also have no requirements for the devices ’ abilities. For the technical realization we propose extremely efficient security primitives applicable for nearly all types of restricted devices. Our solution is more efficient than a publickey operation by some orders of magnitude.
Bacteriophage-Based Genetic System for Selection of Nonsplicing Inteins (2004)

A genetic selection system that detects splicing and nonsplicing activities of inteins was developed based on the ability to rescue a T4 phage strain with a conditionally inactive DNA polymerase. This phage defect can be complemented by expression of plasmid-encoded phage RB69 DNA polymerase. Insertion of an intein gene into the active site of the RB69 DNA polymerase gene renders polymerase activity and phage viability dependent on protein splicing. The effectiveness of the system was tested by screening for thermosensitive splicing mutants. Development of genetic systems with the potential of identifying protein splicing inhibitors is a first step towards controlling proliferation of pathogenic microbes harboring inteins in essential proteins.
Direct Observation of Dynamical Heterogeneities in Colloidal Hard-Sphere Suspensions (2000)

The real-space dynamics in a model system of colloidal hard spheres was studied by means of time-resolved fluorescence confocal scanning microscopy. Direct experimental evidence for the presence of dynamical heterogeneities in a dense liquid was obtained from an analysis of particle trajectories in two-dimensional slices of the bulk sample. These heterogeneities manifest themselves as a non-Gaussian probability distribution of particle displacements and also affect the onset of long-time diffusive behavior.
Identification and characterization of novel small RNAs in the aspS–yrvM intergenic region of the Bacillus subtilis genome (2002)

A novel RNA species was isolated from Bacillus subtilis, and its sequence was determined and mapped to its genetic position. This RNA was termed BS190 RNA from the length of its mature form (190 nt), and the gene encoding it is located within the aspS-yrvM intergenic region of the B. subtilis genome. Northern blotting revealed that the novel RNA species is transcribed in vegetative cells as a larger precursor (BS201 RNA, 201 nt). After transcription, the 5' end of the precursor is processed to generate the mature form, BS190 RNA. A computer-aided prediction of the secondary structure of BS190 RNA showed that it can be folded into a single hairpin structure with some bulge structures. The authors found that the growth rate of a DeltaBS190 mutant strain of B. subtilis was reduced when compared to the wild-type. A phylogenetic comparison of the sequence of the BS190 RNA gene with sequences from the databases suggests that RNA related to BS190 RNA appears to be encoded in the genomes of Bacillus halodurans and Listeria monocytogenes.
Integration of CAD/CAE with multimedia teleconferencing and messaging via broadband networks and shared resource servers (2002)

It is noted that, if multimedia electronic meeting and messaging systems were tightly integrated with networked CAE/CAD (computer-aided engineering and design) resources, great value could be added to modern design projects. Work in Bellcore's Integrated Media Architecture Laboratory (IMAL) relevant to these and other related capabilities is described. A working premises-based network with shared CAD/CAE systems, conferencing, and messaging servers, encompassing video, graphics, text and audio, has been constructed as part of the Bellcore IMAL project. The example IMAL network can be duplicated with off-the-shelf products and can be extended to link multiple premise locations through the use of commonly available DS-3 codecs and telephone-company-provided DS-3 fibers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (2020)

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a common autosomal recessive disorder, is potentially life-threatening in its classic form and may be asymptomatic or cause female infertility in its nonclassic form. This review focuses on CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Total syntheses of yohimbe alkaloids, with stereoselection for the normal, allo, and 3-epiallo series, based on annelations of 4-methoxy-1,2-dihydropyridones (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal syntheses of yohimbe alkaloids, with stereoselection for the normal, allo, and 3-epiallo series, based on annelations of 4-methoxy-1,2-dihydropyridonesMartin E. Kuehne and Randy S. MuthCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 8, 2701–2712Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00008a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00008a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1042Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Failure to detect Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in cerebral aneursymal sac tissue with two different polymerase chain reaction methods (2003)

The contribution of C pneumoniae in the development of intracranial aneurysms cannot be excluded despite the results of this study. Further studies on the possible role of C pneumoniae or any other micro-organisms in the pathogenesis of aneurysms should be performed.
MT1-MMP–dependent neovessel formation within the confines of the three-dimensional extracellular matrix (2004)

During angiogenesis, endothelial cells initiate a tissue-invasive program within an interstitial matrix comprised largely of type I collagen. Extracellular matrix-degradative enzymes, including the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-2 and MMP-9, are thought to play key roles in angiogenesis by binding to docking sites on the cell surface after activation by plasmin- and/or membrane-type (MT) 1-MMP-dependent processes. To identify proteinases critical to neovessel formation, an ex vivo model of angiogenesis has been established wherein tissue explants from gene-targeted mice are embedded within a three-dimensional, type I collagen matrix. Unexpectedly, neither MMP-2, MMP-9, their cognate cell-surface receptors (i.e., beta3 integrin and CD44), nor plasminogen are essential for collagenolytic activity, endothelial cell invasion, or neovessel formation. Instead, the membrane-anchored MMP, MT1-MMP, confers endothelial cells with the ability to express invasive and tubulogenic activity in a collagen-rich milieu, in vitro or in vivo, where it plays an indispensable role in driving neovessel formation.
CO2-induced ion and fluid transport in human retinal pigment epithelium (2009)

In the intact eye, the transition from light to dark alters pH, [Ca2+], and [K] in the subretinal space (SRS) separating the photoreceptor outer segments and the apical membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In addition to these changes, oxygen consumption in the retina increases with a concomitant release of CO2 and H2O into the SRS. The RPE maintains SRS pH and volume homeostasis by transporting these metabolic byproducts to the choroidal blood supply. In vitro, we mimicked the transition from light to dark by increasing apical bath CO2 from 5 to 13%; this maneuver decreased cell pH from 7.37 +/- 0.05 to 7.14 +/- 0.06 (n = 13). Our analysis of native and cultured fetal human RPE shows that the apical membrane is significantly more permeable (approximately 10-fold; n = 7) to CO2 than the basolateral membrane, perhaps due to its larger exposed surface area. The limited CO2 diffusion at the basolateral membrane promotes carbonic anhydrase-mediated HCO3 transport by a basolateral membrane Na/nHCO3 cotransporter. The activity of this transporter was increased by elevating apical bath CO2 and was reduced by dorzolamide. Increasing apical bath CO2 also increased intracellular Na from 15.7 +/- 3.3 to 24.0 +/- 5.3 mM (n = 6; P < 0.05) by increasing apical membrane Na uptake. The CO2-induced acidification also inhibited the basolateral membrane Cl/HCO3 exchanger and increased net steady-state fluid absorption from 2.8 +/- 1.6 to 6.7 +/- 2.3 microl x cm(-2) x hr(-1) (n = 5; P < 0.05). The present experiments show how the RPE can accommodate the increased retinal production of CO2 and H(2)O in the dark, thus preventing acidosis in the SRS. This homeostatic process would preserve the close anatomical relationship between photoreceptor outer segments and RPE in the dark and light, thus protecting the health of the photoreceptors.
Corneal and Conjunctival Changes Caused by Commonly Used Glaucoma Medications (2004)

Although the adverse effects of glaucoma medications on the ocular surface are likely multifactorial, 1-month treatment with glaucoma medications containing higher levels of benzalkonium chloride (BAK) resulted in greater corneal damage and conjunctival cell infiltration than medications preserved with Purite or with lower levels of BAK. Using glaucoma medications with alternative preservatives or low levels of BAK may help preserve ocular health.
The Effect of Operating and Formulation Variables on the Morphology of Spray-Dried Protein Particles (1997)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the shape and morphology of various spray-dried protein powders as a function of spray-drying conditions and protein formulations. A benchtop spray dryer was used to spray dry three model proteins in formulation with a sugar or a surfactant. Physical characterizations of the powder included morphology (scanning electron microscopy), particle size, residual moisture, and X-ray powder diffraction analyses. A significant change in particle shape from irregular (e.g., "donut") to spherical was observed as the outlet temperature of the dryer was decreased. The drying air outlet temperature was shown to depend on various operating parameters and was found to correlate with the drying rate of atomized droplets in the drying chamber. The morphology of spray-dried protein particles was also affected by formulation. In protein:sugar formulations, spray-dried particles exhibited a smooth surface regardless of the protein-to-lactose ratio, whereas roughness was observed when mannitol was present at > 30% of total solids, due to recrystallization. Protein particles containing trehalose at concentrations > 50% were highly agglomerated. The presence of surfactant resulted in noticeably smoother, more spherical particles. The shape and the morphology of spray-dried powders are affected by spray drying conditions and protein formulation. This study provides information useful for development of dry proteins for fine powder (e.g., aerosol) applications.
Fast Kernel Classifiers With Online And Active Learning (2005)

Very high dimensional learning systems become theoretically possible when training examples are abundant. The computing cost then becomes the limiting factor. Any efficient learning algorithm should at least take a brief look at each example. But should all examples be given equal attention? This contribution proposes an empirical answer. We first present an online SVM algorithm based on this premise. LASVM yields competitive misclassification rates after a single pass over the training examples, outspeeding state-of-the-art SVM solvers. Then we show how active example selection can yield faster training, higher accuracies, and simpler models, using only a fraction of the training example labels.
Polymeric Vectors for Ocular Gene Delivery (2011)

Gene therapy holds promise for the treatment of many inherited and acquired diseases of the eye. Successful ocular gene therapy interventions depend on efficient gene transfer to targeted cells with minimal toxicity. A major challenge is to overcome both intracellular and extracellular barriers associated with ocular gene delivery. Numerous viral and nonviral vectors were explored to improve transfection efficiency. Among nonviral delivery systems, polymeric vectors have gained significant attention in recent years owing to their nontoxic and non-immunogenic nature. Polyplexes or nanoparticles can be prepared by interaction of cationic polymers with DNA, which facilitate cellular uptake, endolysosomal escape and nuclear entry through active mechanisms. Chemical modification of these polymers allows for the generation of flexible delivery vectors with desirable properties. In this article several synthetic and natural polymeric systems utilized for ocular gene delivery are discussed.
Laser cutting for thick concrete by multi-pass technique (2007)

We demonstrated the measurements of attenuation constant of a multi-mode fiber with 300-micron core diameter and 1-km length at 1070 nm. The observed attenuation constant was below 0.7 dB/km, the laser power of 5 kW was coupled into the 1-km fiber at 1070 nm, and the overall transmittance was 85%, and the first Raman Stokes signal was observed in the transmitted laser spectrum. We demonstrated concrete cutting with a 4-kW fiber laser at 1070 nm. The slab thickness was 100 mm. This technique can be extended to thick concrete slabs more than 1 m without increasing laser power.
Hypertonic saline reduces skeletal muscle injury and associated remote organ injury following ischemia reperfusion injury (2008)

Treatment with hypertonic saline attenuates skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion injury and its associated systemic sequelae.
A multi-omic map of the lipid-producing yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides (2012)

Triacylglycerols are among the most attractive alternative raw materials for biofuel development. Current oil plant-based technologies are limited in terms of triacylglycerol production capacity and rate. These limitations may be circumvented by biotransformation of carbohydrates into lipids; however, our understanding of microbial oleaginicity remains limited. Here we present the results of a multi-omic analysis of Rhodosporidium toruloides, a robust triacylglycerol-producing fungus. The assembly of genome and transcriptome sequencing data reveals a genome of 20.2 Mb containing 8,171 protein-coding genes, the majority of which have multiple introns. Genes including a novel fatty acid synthase are predicted to participate in metabolic pathways absent in non-oleaginous yeasts. Transcriptomic and proteomic data suggest that lipid accumulation under nitrogen-limited conditions correlates with the induction of lipogenesis, nitrogenous compound recycling, macromolecule metabolism and autophagy. The multi-omic map of R. toruloides therefore provides a valuable resource for efforts to rationally engineer lipid-production pathways.
Enhanced antimetastatic activity of lymphokine-activated killer cells purified and expanded by their adherence to plastic. (1989)

We have recently reported a simple and reproducible technique for the purification and rapid expansion of homogeneous populations of large granular lymphocytes expressing a natural killer cell phenotype and high levels of broad antitumor cytotoxic activity [lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity]. This technique exploits the observation that, in the presence of recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2), large granular lymphocytes/natural killer cells become adherent to plastic surfaces, actively proliferate, and acquire high levels of LAK activity. Because of their adherent properties these cells have been termed adherent LAK or A-LAK cells. The present studies investigate the antimetastatic effects of A-LAK cells in a syngeneic rat model of experimental pulmonary and hepatic metastases. For pulmonary metastases, F344 rats received i.v. injections with a natural killer-resistant mammary adenocarcinoma, MADB106, and, for hepatic metastases, animals received an intrasplenic injection of MADB106 tumor cells followed by surgical splenectomy. Three days later, the animals were treated with A-LAK cells alone, A-LAK cells plus rIL-2, or rIL-2 alone. These treatments were compared to immunotherapy using standard cultures of LAK cells (unfractionated spleen cells) and rIL-2. The results indicate that the administration of unfractionated LAK cells plus interleukin 2 (IL-2) was effective in reducing established lung or liver metastases in this rat model. However, the results also indicate that purified populations of A-LAK cells in combination with rIL-2 demonstrate dramatic and superior antimetastatic effects when compared to LAK cells cultured under standard conditions. The antimetastatic effects of standard LAK cells or A-LAK cells plus IL-2 translated into significant survival benefits compared to animals receiving no therapy or IL-2 therapy alone. Survival after therapy with A-LAK cells plus IL-2 was significantly prolonged compared to treatment with standard LAK cells. These data suggest that purified populations of LAK cells (derived from natural killer cells) may prove superior for adoptive immunotherapy in the clinical setting.
An Efficient Synthetic Strategy for the Preparation of Nucleic Acid-Encoded Peptide and Protein Libraries for In Vitro Evolution Protocols (2000)

We describe an improved synthetic strategy for the preparation of nucleic acid encoded peptide and protein libraries. A solid-phase format was used to prepare and purify a novel type of mRNA-template for in vitro mRNA-protein fusion synthesis. The present protocol simplifies and accelerates the preparation of fusion libraries and should prove most useful for in vitro protein evolution procedures which involve repetitive cycles of fusion library preparation and selection.
LOGICOIL—multi-state prediction of coiled-coil oligomeric state (2012)

LOGICOIL is available via a web-interface at http://coiledcoils.chm.bris.ac.uk/LOGICOIL. Source code, training sets and supporting information can be downloaded from the same site.
Interstitial cystitis. Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. (2000)

Family physicians should have an understanding of interstitial cystitis and be able to make a diagnosis and formulate an evidence-based treatment strategy for their patients.
Vanadium-Node-Functionalized UiO-66: A Thermally Stable MOF-Supported Catalyst for the Gas-Phase Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexene (2014)

The OH groups on the Zr-based nodes of ultrastable UiO-66 can be metallated with VV ions in a facile fashion to give the derivative VUiO-66. This metallated MOF exhibits high stability over a broad temperature range and displays high selectivity for benzene under low-conversion conditions in the vapor-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexene (activation energy ∼110 kJ/mol). The integrity of the MOF is maintained after catalysis as determined by PXRD, ICP-AES, and SEM.
Subcellular localization and functional characterization of Nc-p43, a major Neospora caninum tachyzoite surface protein (1996)

Neospora caninum is a recently identified coccidian parasite which shares many features with, but is clearly distinct from, Toxoplasma gondii. N. caninum tachyzoites infect a wide range of mammalian cells both in vivo and in vitro. The mechanisms by which infection is achieved are largely unknown. Recent evidence has suggested that a receptor-ligand system in which one or several host cell receptors bind to one or several parasite ligands is involved. Parasite cell surface-associated molecules such as the recently identified Nc-p43 antigen are prime suspects for being implicated in this physical interaction. In this study it is shown that invasion of Vero cell monolayers by N. caninum tachyzoites in vitro is impaired on incubation of parasites with subagglutinating amounts of affinity-purified antibodies directed against Nc-p43. Postembedding immunogold labeling with anti-Nc-p43 antibodies demonstrated that Nc-p43 is localized not only on the parasite cell surface but also within dense granules and rhoptries. The fate of Nc-p43 during intracellular proliferation of N. caninum tachyzoites and subsequent maturation of the parasitophorous vacuole was also studied.
Secretion of Insulinotropic Proteins by Commensal Bacteria: Rewiring the Gut To Treat Diabetes (2008)

Here, we show that commensal bacteria can stimulate intestinal epithelial cells to secrete insulin in response to glucose. Commensal strains were engineered to secrete the insulinotropic proteins GLP-1 and PDX-1. Epithelia stimulated by engineered strains and glucose secreted up to 1 ng ml(-1) of insulin with no significant background secretion.
Site-specific modification of albumin by free radicals. Reaction with copper(II) and ascorbate (1986)

Exposure of albumin to Cu(II) (10-100 microM) and ascorbate (0.1-2 mM) results in extensive molecular modifications, indicated by decreased fluorescence and chain breaks. The rate of utilization of molecular oxygen and ascorbate as a function of Cu(II) concentration is non-linear at copper/albumin ratios of greater than 1. It appears that Cu(II) bound to the tightest albumin-binding site is less available to the ascorbate than the more loosely bound cation. SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis reveals new protein bands corresponding to 50, 47, 22, 18 and 3 kDa. For such a cleavage pattern, relatively few (approximately 3) and rather specific chain breaks occurred. Repeated addition of portions of ascorbate to the albumin/Cu(II) mixture results in increased intensity of the new bands. The absence of Cu(II) or the presence of metal chelating agents is inhibitory. There was no evidence of intermolecular cross-linking or of the formation of insoluble, albumin-derived, material. A mechanism is proposed wherein the loosely bound Cu(II) participates in a Fenton-type reaction. This generates OH. radicals, which rapidly inter-react with the protein and modify it in a 'site-specific' manner.