gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Tat-Peptide Chelates for Direct Transduction of Technetium-99m and Rhenium into Human Cells for Imaging and Radiotherapy (2000)

Rapid and efficient delivery of radioactive metal complexes to the cell interior would enable novel applications in medical imaging and radiotherapy. Membrane permeant peptide conjugates incorporating HIV-1 Tat transactivation protein sequences (GRKKRRQRRR) and an appropriate peptide-based motif (epsilon-KGC) that provides an N(3)S donor core for chelating technetium and rhenium were synthesized. Oxotechnetium(V) and oxorhenium(V) Tat-peptide complexes were prepared by facile transchelation reactions with permetalates, tin(II) chloride and sodium glucoheptonate. RP-HPLC showed two major [(99m)Tc]Tat-peptide species (4) that differed in retention time by approximately 2 min corresponding to two [Re]Tat-peptide species (7) shown to have identical mass, consistent with formation of two isomers, likely the oxo-metal diastereomers. [(99m)Tc]Tat-peptides were stable to transchelation in vitro. In human Jurkat cells, [(99m)Tc]Tat-peptide 4 showed concentrative cell accumulation (30-fold greater than extracellular concentration) and rapid uptake kinetics (t(1/2) < 2 min) in a diastereomeric-comparable manner. Paradoxically, uptake was enhanced in 4 degrees C buffer compared to 37 degrees C, while depolarization of membrane potential as well as inhibition of microtubule function and vesicular trafficking showed no inhibitory effect. Cells preloaded with 4 showed rapid washout kinetics into peptide-free solution. Modification of [(99m)Tc]Tat-peptide by deletion of the N-terminus Gly with or without biotinylation minimally impacted net cell uptake. In addition, the C-terminus thiol of the prototypic Tat-peptide was labeled with fluorescein-5-maleimide to yield conjugate 8. Fluorescence microscopy directly localized conjugate 8 to the cytosol and nuclei (possibly nucleolus) of human Jurkat, KB 3-1 and KB 8-5 tumor cells. Preliminary imaging studies in mice following intravenous administration of prototypic [(99m)Tc]Tat-peptide 4 showed an initial whole body distribution and rapid clearance by both renal and hepatobiliary excretion. Analysis of murine blood in vivo and human serum ex vivo revealed >95% intact complex, while murine urine in vivo showed 65% parent complex. Thus, these novel Tat-peptide chelate conjugates, capable of forming stable [Tc/Re(V)]complexes, rapidly translocate across cell membranes into intracellular compartments and can be readily derivatized for further targeted applications in molecular imaging and radiotherapy.
Semimetallic TiO2 Nanotubes (2009)

Orchestrating conductors: A carbo-thermal reduction treatment of a TiO2 nanotube layer in acetylene converts the tube walls into highly conductive and stable oxy carbide compounds. The resulting semimetallic TiO2 nanotube layers (TiOxCy) are electrode materials with properties that differ from other TiO2 nanotubes (see picture). They have a high oxygen overpotential and can be used as a catalyst support, for example, for methanol oxidation. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
LONG-TERM GRAFT SURVIVAL AFTER TRANSPLANTATION WITH KIDNEYS FROM UNCONTROLLED NONHEARTBEATING DONORS1 (1999)

This series suggests that to obtain excellent results with nonheartbeating donor kidneys certain principles should be followed: use machine preservation to resuscitate and evaluate viability, choose immunologically low-risk recipients, avoid immediate exposure to immunophilin antagonists, and perform biopsy frequently for allograft dysfunction to exclude low-grade rejection.
Immunohistochemistry of Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme IX (MN/CA IX) in Human Gut Reveals Polarized Expression in the Epithelial Cells with the Highest Proliferative Capacity (1998)

MN/CA IX is a recently discovered member of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) gene family that has been identified in the plasma membranes of certain tumor and epithelial cells and found to promote cell proliferation when transfected into NIH3T3 cells. This study presents localization of MN/CA IX in human gut and compares its distribution to those of CA I, II, and IV, which are known to be expressed in the intestinal epithelium. The specificity of the monoclonal antibody for MN/CA IX was confirmed by Western blots and immunostaining of COS-7 cells transfected with MN/CA IX cDNA. Immunohistochemical stainings of human gut revealed prominent polarized staining for MN/CA IX in the basolateral surfaces of the enterocytes of duodenum and jejunum, the reaction being most intense in the crypts. A moderate reaction was also seen in the crypts of ileal mucosa, whereas the staining became generally weaker in the large intestine. The results indicate isozyme-specific regulation of MN/CA IX expression along the cranial-caudal axis of the human gut and place the protein at the sites of rapid cell proliferation. The unique localization of MN/CA IX on the basolateral surfaces of proliferating crypt enterocytes suggests that it might serve as a ligand or a receptor for another protein that regulates intercellular communication or cell proliferation. Furthermore, MN/CA IX has a completely conserved active site domain of CAs suggesting that it could also participate in carbon dioxide/bicarbonate homeostasis.
조선 초기 성균과 구재(九齋)의 기원과 운영에 관한 고찰 (2009)

본 연구는 조선 초기에 운영되었던 성균관 구재의 기원과 운영에 대해 살펴보고 이를 통해 조선 초기의 성균관과 관련된 교육정책의 일단을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과 조선 초기 성균관의 구재는 멀리는 한대의 전문학을 참고하고 고려시대의 사학 12도와 국자감의 구재의 그 기원을 두고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 조선은 건국 초기 사회적 혼란을 최소화하기 위해 고려시대의 문물과 제도를 대부분 이어받았고, 성균과 운영에 있어서도 고려 말까지 운영되었던 구재를 이어받아 시행한 것이다. 특히 고려시대의 구재는 초기에는 칠재로 운영되었으나 고려 말 성리학이 도입되면서 경학을 강조하게 되어 구재 체제로 전환하였고, 따라서 성리학을 바탕으로 국가를 운영하고자 했던 조선시대에도 무리없이 이어질 수 있었다. 그러나 고려시대의 구재는 조선시대의 구재와는 다소 성격에 있어서 차이를 보이고 있다. 사학의 구재는 단순한 분반의 형식으로 이루어졌고, 국자감의 구재의 경우 최기 칠재는 분반을 하되 1경씩 전문교육을 실시하였으나 조선시대와 같이 승재의 개념은 적욕하지 않았다. 구재로 개편되면서 사서재도 포함하여 조선시대와 같은 구재로 확대ㆍ운영하였다. 조선시대의 구재는 제술에 치우치는 당시의 학풍을 개선하는 경학을 강조하고자 하는 목적으로 설치되었다. 운영의 기본은 사서재와 오경재로 대별하여 학습정도를 평가하여 상위의 재로 옮기고 효율적인 운영을 위해서 성적이 좋은 학생들에게는 과거시험에서 혜택을 주는 유인책도 활용하였다. 그러나 구재는 오래 지속되는 못하고 세조 때에 이르러 폐지되었다. 결론적으로 정책상으로는 유교정치의 강화를 위해 경학에 밝은 문관을 양성하기 위해 구재를 운영하였지만, 당시 세태에 따라 과거제도를 통해 입신양명하고자 하는 세속적 이해관계화 국가 운영의 측면에서는 강경보다는 제술이 더 필요했던 현실적인 이유에서 성균관의 구재는 더 이상 명맥을 유지하지 못하게 되었다.
Alkoxyphenyl N-Substituted Aminopropanols (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkoxyphenyl N-Substituted AminopropanolsElias EpsteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 23, 6207–6209Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01532a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01532a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
It's who you know (2011)

Given a graph, how can we extract good features for the nodes? For example, given two large graphs from the same domain, how can we use information in one to do classification in the other (i.e., perform across-network classification or transfer learning on graphs)? Also, if one of the graphs is anonymized, how can we use information in one to de-anonymize the other? The key step in all such graph mining tasks is to find effective node features. We propose ReFeX (Recursive Feature eXtraction), a novel algorithm, that recursively combines local (node-based) features with neighborhood (egonet-based) features; and outputs regional features -- capturing "behavioral" information. We demonstrate how these powerful regional features can be used in within-network and across-network classification and de-anonymization tasks -- without relying on homophily, or the availability of class labels. The contributions of our work are as follows: (a) ReFeX is scalable and (b) it is effective, capturing regional ("behavioral") information in large graphs. We report experiments on real graphs from various domains with over 1M edges, where ReFeX outperforms its competitors on typical graph mining tasks like network classification and de-anonymization.
Interferon aerosol suppression of vesicular stomatitis virus replication in the lungs of infected mice (1984)

Mice were inoculated intranasally with vesicular stomatitis virus 16 to 22 h after being exposed to small-particle aerosols of saline, natural mouse alpha interferon, recombinant human alpha interferon A, or hybrid recombinant human alpha interferon A/D bgl for 2, 4, or 8 h. Compared with comparably inoculated, untreated mice, significantly reduced levels of vesicular stomatitis virus were observed in the lungs of animals treated with any interferon preparation for 8 h and in groups treated with mouse alpha interferon or hybrid recombinant human alpha interferon A/D bgl for 4 h. No significant reductions in lung virus titers were observed in any group treated with interferon for 2 h or in any of the groups treated with saline.
DIARRHEA IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS (1992)

Clostridium difficle has been associated with diarrhea in hospitalized patients receiving antibiotic therapy and may be nosocomially acquired. Rehabilitation hospital inpatients may require frequent antibiotic intervention and are thus at risk, although few reports of epidemics at such centers have been published. This study describes the impact of C. difficle-related disease among rehabilitation hospital inpatients. A retrospective review was conducted of all inpatients evaluated for diarrhea in two freestanding rehabilitation hospitals over a 13-month period. Clostridium difficle was determined to be the etiologic agent of diarrhea in 36% of the 33 patients, and no other etiologies were identified. Four patients were transferred to acute care because of the severity of symptoms. A total of 120 altered or canceled therapy sessions were observed to occur during the rehabilitative hospital course among studied patients, of which 90% (108) occurred during periods when patients were documented to have been symptomatic for diarrhea. Diarrhea and C. difficile-related disease thus appear to exert an important and adverse impact on the hospital course of these patients, both in terms of medical complications and therapy attendance. Physicians should therefore possess a heightened index of suspicion for C. difficile infection when evaluating patients with diarrhea in this setting. Diagnostic evaluation of rehabilitation hospital inpatients with diarrhea should include C. difficile toxin assay. If the results of the toxin assay are positive, appropriate therapy, including initiation of oral vancomycin or metronidazole and avoidance of antimotility drugs, should be instituted promptly to minimize risk of potential sequelae.
Paved With Good Intentions: The Realities of “Safe” Versus “Free” (2011)

Government-initiated landmine and unexploded ordnance clearance policies often dictate unrealistic standards and goals that differ from the practical reality of landmine/UXO removal. The end use of the land, as well as the variables of munitions deterioration due to aging and environment, and the level of expected risk should be considered in landmine/UXO policy-making.
Oligomerization of C5 Olefins in Light Catalytic Naphtha (2008)

Refinery gasoline contains C5 alkanes and alkenes that are being displaced due to regulations on maximum seasonal Reid vapor pressure (RVP) limits and increased blending of ethanol. As volumes of displaced C5ʼs increase, technologies for returning C5ʼs to the gasoline or diesel pools become increasingly important. Isolation of C5 streams followed by dimerization/oligomerization of the C5 olefins is one route to return displaced C5ʼs to the gasoline pool. Large pore, acidic zeolite catalysts have been evaluated for this purpose. The process results in an overall volume loss due to volume contraction and a possible loss of research octane number (RON).
Expertise networks in online communities (2007)

Web-based communities have become important places for people to seek and share expertise. We find that networks in these communities typically differ in their topology from other online networks such as the World Wide Web. Systems targeted to augment web-based communities by automatically identifying users with expertise, for example, need to adapt to the underlying interaction dynamics. In this study, we analyze the Java Forum, a large online help-seeking community, using social network analysis methods. We test a set of network-based ranking algorithms, including PageRank and HITS, on this large size social network in order to identify users with high expertise. We then use simulations to identify a small number of simple simulation rules governing the question-answer dynamic in the network. These simple rules not only replicate the structural characteristics and algorithm performance on the empirically observed Java Forum, but also allow us to evaluate how other algorithms may perform in communities with different characteristics. We believe this approach will be fruitful for practical algorithm design and implementation for online expertise-sharing communities.
Effect of a Glutamine‐Supplemented Enteral Diet on Methotrexate‐Induced Enterocolitis (1988)

Administration of an elemental diet to rats given methotrexate (MTX), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip), results in 100% mortality from severe enterocolitis. Previous studies indicate that glutamine (GLN), which is not present in elemental diets, is the preferred oxidative substrate for the gut and may facilitate intestinal recovery after injury. This study investigated the effects of a glutamine-supplemented elemental diet (GLN-ED) on nutritional status, intestinal morphometry, bacterial translocation and survival in this lethal model of intestinal injury. Three experiments were performed. In the first experiment, rats received an intragastric elemental diet supplemented with either 2% GLN or an equivalent amount of glycine (Control). After 4 days animals received either MTX, 20 mg/kg ip, or saline ip and were killed 3 days later. The GLN-ED resulted in significantly decreased weight loss, improved nitrogen retention, and increased mucosal weight, protein, and DNA content of the jejunum and colon. In the second experiment rats were assigned to diet as in the first experiment, but all animals received MTX. Control diet animals died within 120 hrs of MTX administration. The GLN-ED group had significantly longer survival time and decreased mortality. In the third experiment animals were assigned to diet and MTX as in the first experiment. Ninety-six hrs later aortic blood cultures revealed enteric bacteremia in animals administered MTX. GLN-ED resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of bacteremia. These experiments showed that a GLN-ED significantly improved nutritional status, decreased intestinal injury, decreased bacterial translocation, and resulted in improved survival in a lethal model of enterocolitis.
The absorption of sound by perforated linings (1990)

The efficiency of a perforated screen as a sound absorber can be greatly increased when a rigid surface is placed behind the screen, essentially because the sound can then interact many times with the perforations. We consider a practical application for a backed perforated screen with a bias flow through the perforations: the ‘screech liner’. This is a perforated lining which is inserted in the afterburner section of jet engines to suppress the acoustically driven combustion instability commonly known as screech. A pressure drop across the screen ensures that a bias flow of cool air is produced; this flow protects the liner from the intense heat in the afterburner. Our analysis was developed in answer to a clear need for a theory which can predict the optimal geometry and bias flow to produce a highly absorptive liner. We show that it is theoretically possible to absorb all the sound at a particular frequency. Experimental results are presented which show encouraging agreement with the theoretical predictions. Screech is thought to be the excitation of a transverse resonant oscillation in the jet pipe, but the insertion of a liner inevitably changes the frequency of such resonances because the boundary condition at the wall is altered. We examine the effect of a liner on the resonances which occur in a cylinder and show that a well-designed liner may suppress resonances over a range of frequencies. The effect of the hot axial jet flow on the performance of a liner has not previously received attention. A simple model to account for this flow is included in our analysis.
Molecular Recognition for High Selectivity in Carbon Nanotube/Polythiophene Chemiresistors (2008)

Nanotube detects isomers: A chemiresistive material based on carbon nanotubes wrapped with a calixarene-substituted polythiophene displays a selective and sensitive response to xylene isomers (see picture), as demonstrated by conductance changes, quartz crystal microbalance, and fluorescence studies. This demonstrates the promise of low-cost, real-time sensors utilizing host–guest chemistry.
Cooperative robot teleoperation through virtual reality interfaces (2003)

Robots are employed to do exacting routines, ranging from the common place to the difficult and from the relatively safe to the highly dangerous. Remote-controlled robots-or teleoperation-is one way to combine the intelligence and maneuverability of human beings with the precision and durability of robots. Teleoperation can be difficult, due to the complexity both of the system and of information management-and more difficult still in a cooperative environment in which multiple teams are working together in different locations. To facilitate teleoperation, information visualization and a clear communication reference must be deployed in conjunction with an enhanced human machine interface (HMI) among all participating teams. The aim of this paper is to present a set of guidelines defining an ideal user interface utilizing virtual reality desktop for collaborative robot teleoperation in unknown environments. Enhancements in information visualization are discussed, and the case of an underwater robot is presented, because of the special challenges they present: a slow response system and six degrees of movement.
A Compressed Sensing Technique for GPS Signal Acquisition (2012)

In a cold start, a GNSS receiver performs a signal search by testing all likely hypotheses to acquire the code phase (code delay) and the Doppler frequency of the incoming GNSS signal [1]. In order to complete the signal acquisition process quickly, a conventional receiver is generally equipped with a large number of parallel correlators. In practice, a receiver still can complete the process with a smaller number of correlators, but it takes longer acquisition time. Therefore, reducing both the number of correlators and the acquisition time in the cold start is not an easy task for a conventional GPS receiver. An alternative, FFT based GNSS signal acquisition scheme [2], has gained lots of attention, since it can speed up the hypothesis testing process without requiring a large amount of hardware resources for correlators, but it needs high computing power of the digital signal processor (DSP). In general, the FFT based scheme requires FFT of the received signal, complex multiplications in the frequency domain, and IFFT of the frequency domain signal. Therefore, an ideal GNSS signal acquisition technique may be one that can complete the acquisition process fast while using lower number of correlators and lower computational power in the receiver than other conventional or FFT based schemes. In this paper, we propose a GPS signal acquisition technique using a novel compressed sensing (CS) technique that requires low computation and low hardware cost but completes the acquisition process quickly. CS techniques make sensing the information with a smaller amount of measurement than what Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem requires is possible [3], [4]. While most of studies in CS focus on utilizing a random sensing matrix as a general incoherent matrix with most of sparsifying matrices, we pay attention to the deterministic sensing matrix for GPS signal acquisition, since the deterministic sensing matrix allows an algebraically straight-forward and much simpler decoding process (therefore, low computation) than the decoding process required for the random sensing matrix [5], [6]. The proposed GPS CS technique shows that GPS signal acquisition can be completed with 10 or more times less number of correlators performing correlation of compressed signals and receiver generated signals and that the overall computation is much lower than the computation required by the FFT based scheme.
My journey in public health in the Caribbean (2002)

As part of its 100th-anniversary celebration, the Pan American Health Organization has named 12 persons as "Public Health Heroes of the Americas" in recognition of their noteworthy contributions to public health in the Region of the Americas. Over the course of this year, the Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health will be carrying pieces written by or about these heroes. Como parte de la celebración de su Centenario, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) ha distinguido con el título de Héroes de la Salud Pública a 12 personalidades que se han destacado por su valiosa contribución a la salud en el continente americano. A lo largo de este año, la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health publicará una serie de escritos de los mismos galardonados o acerca de ellos.