gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of energy conversion for devices containing a piezoelectric component (2004)

Recent developments in miniaturized sensors, digital processors and wireless communication systems have many desirable applications. The realization of these applications however, is limited by the lack of a similarly sized power source. Micro-scale concepts to generate electrical power include devices which use the stored energy in fuels to those which harvest energy from the environment. Many proposed power generation systems employ a piezoelectric component to convert the mechanical energy to electrical energy. Of primary importance is the efficiency of power conversion. In this paper, an exact formula is developed that predicts the power conversion efficiency for a device that contains a piezoelectric component. This formula transparently and quantitatively reveals a trade-off effect on efficiency caused by the quality factor and electromechanical coupling factor of the device. In particular, decreasing the structural stiffness leads to the largest gains in efficiency, followed by decreasing the mechanical damping and increasing the effective mass.
New Synthetic Route to Tetracyclic Quinazolin-4(3H)-one Ring System (2002)

Reactions of dithiazoles (1a-e) and (9a-b) with 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2) in CH 2 Cl 2 at room temperature produce 3,4-dihydro-3-(3,4dimethoxyphenethyl)-4-oxoquinazoline-2-carbonitriles (3a-d) and 4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-2-carbonitriles (10a-b), respectively.Compounds (3a-d) on treatment with TFAA/HCl at 120-130°C gave 3-(3,4dimethoxy-phenethyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones (5a-d) in excellent yields.Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones (3a-d), quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones (5a-d) and their thieno analogs (3e and 5e) as well as 4-hydroxy-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4phenyl-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-2-carbonitriles (10a-b) are cyclized in the presence of P 2 O 5 /POCl 3 in xylene at 130°C to tetracyclic benzazepino[2,3-
T-Cell Lymphomas Containing Epstein–Barr Viral DNA in Patients with Chronic Epstein–Barr Virus Infections (1988)

Fatal T-cell lymphomas developed in three patients with a chronic illness manifested by fever, pneumonia, dysgammaglobulinemia, hematologic abnormalities, and extraordinarily high titers of antibody to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen (greater than 10,000) and early antigen (greater than 640) but low titers to the EBV nuclear antigen (less than or equal to 40). To understand the pathogenesis of these tumors better, we determined the immunophenotype of the tumor cells and analyzed tumor-cell DNA for EBV genomes and for lymphoid-cell gene rearrangements. More than 80 percent of the cells in tumors had an activated helper T-cell phenotype (T4, T11, la positive). The EBV genome was found by in situ hybridization in tumor tissue from each patient. Southern blot assay of DNA digests from one patient showed the same pattern as that of the EBV-infected marmoset line, B95-8. DNA digests from two patients showed a monoclonal proliferation of T cells determined on the basis of uniform T-cell-receptor gene rearrangements and a single band for the joined termini of the EBV genome. We conclude that EBV may infect T cells and contribute to lymphomas in selected patients with severe EBV infections.
Differential mRNA stability to reticulocyte ribonucleases correlates with 3′ non‐coding (U)nA sequences (1988)

The stabilities of different mRNA species were analyzed in a reticulocyte lysate system under protein-synthesizing conditions. In all cases examined the relative mRNA degradation by reticulocyte ribonucleases as well as by the interferon-modulated (2'-5') (A)n-dependent endonuclease correlated with the extent of (U)nA sequences within the 3' non-coding region. The experimental data presented indicate that according to their stabilities at least three major mRNA groups may be identified: (a) (U)nA-poor mRNAs (e.g. globin) are essentially stable and are only slightly degraded by the (2'-5')(A)n-dependent endonuclease; (b) mRNA species with intermediate (U)nA levels (e.g. Ig alpha and Ig mu heavy-chain mRNAs) are partially degraded by general ribonuclease activity and further degraded by the (2'-5')(A)n-dependent endonuclease and (c) (U)nA-rich mRNA species (such as c-myc and non-skeletal actin mRNAs) are inherently unstable and are extremely sensitive to degradation by general ribonuclease activity. A survey of mRNA nucleotide sequences demonstrated that without exception (U)nA-rich stretches appeared more frequently within the 3' non-coding region than in the coding or 5' non-coding regions. A comparison of 3' non-coding region sequences from 92 different mRNAs revealed that transiently expressed mRNAs, such as the interleukins, nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, c-myc, c-fos, c-myb and several other oncogenes as well as interferons alpha, beta and gamma were exceptionally (U)nA-rich. It is postulated that differential mRNA stability may be partly determined by the primary nucleotide sequence and in particular by (U)nA sequences within the 3' non-coding region. This may represent a novel post-transcriptional strategy employed by the cell to selectively retain or destroy discrete mRNA species.
Clinical quantification of the integrin αvβ6 by [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 positron emission tomography in healthy and fibrotic human lung (PETAL Study) (2019)

Lung uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]FB-A20FMDV2, a measure of expression of the integrin αvβ6, was markedly increased in subjects with PF compared with healthy subjects.
Query taxonomy generation for web search (2006)

We propose an approach that organizes the search-result clusters into a hierarchical structure, called a query taxonomy, from the user's perspective. The proposed approach is based on an unsupervised classification method, which uses the dynamic Web as the training corpus. With query taxonomy, users can browse relevant Web documents more conveniently and comprehensibly. Our experimental results verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach to query taxonomy generation in Web search.
Analgesic effect of the somatostatin analogue octreotide in two acromegalic patients: a double-blind study with long-term follow-up (1993)

Two acromegalic patients with severe headache were treated with the somatostatin analogue, octreotide (Sandostatin). A double-blind study of octreotide versus placebo in which pain intensity was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) was performed initially with these patients. A rapid (within 4-15 min) pain relief occurred lasting 2-8.5 h after injection of 100 micrograms of octreotide, an effect that was not reversed by intravenous (i.v.) naloxone. These 2 acromegalic patients then received treatment for 71 and 82 months, respectively, with doses starting at 500 micrograms/day and 1500 micrograms/day, respectively, without evidence of either tolerance or dependence, although the effect of octreotide on headache appears to be selective. No unwanted sedative effect has been observed. A screening procedure with injection of 50 micrograms of subcutaneous (s.c.) octreotide was performed in 11 other patients with chronic severe pain associated with various conditions. Only 3 patients (2 with diabetic polyneuropathy and 1 with bone pain associated with myelodysplastic syndrome) reported more than 50% pain relief. In the insulin-dependent diabetic patients the double-blind check was not performed due to the risk of octreotide-induced hypoglycemia. In the patient with bone pain the same double-blind check as in the acromegalic patients could not confirm the analgesic effect. It may thus be concluded that octreotide appears to be useful for the treatment of both chronic and acute severe painful conditions in acromegalic patients. However, since its analgesic effect in our patients was confined to headaches only, further controlled studies must be carried out in order to determine appropriate target groups.
Theoretical advantages of pn + -type Cu 2 S-ZnO solar cell (1981)

New developments in Cu2S thin-film technology allow, in principle, the combination of Cu2S with semiconductors other than CdS or Cd1−xZnxS for solar cell purposes. We discuss here a pn+-type Cu2S-ZnO structure that offers some basic advantages over existing structures. Our analysis predicts a practically achievable efficiency of 17.8%.
Laser chemical process for clean applications of semiconductor manufacturing (2000)

Cleaning applications in the semiconductor manufacturing industry are tougher to meet as the device dimensions decrease. The uniqueness of Oramir-Laser-Chemical process relies on the mutual combination and effectiveness of laser particle removal mechanisms and laser induced photon- thermal-chemical reaction in the mixture of O<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>3</SUB>/NF<SUB>3</SUB> gases. The process involves ozone blast wave, photodecomposition of O<SUB>3</SUB> into O radicals, photo-thermal decomposition of NF<SUB>3</SUB> into fluorine radicals, thermal effects and thin liquid-chemical ablation enhanced particle removal. Recent results on Bare Si wafers, photomasks, EUV masks and scalpel masks show substantial removal efficiency, up to 100 percent for certain applications.
The prognosis in untreated dysplasia of the hip. A study of radiographic factors that predict the outcome. (1995)

To help to determine the natural history of residual dysplasia of the hip after skeletal maturity, we followed the status of the contralateral hip in 286 patients who had had a total hip replacement for osteoarthrosis secondary to dysplasia. The initial radiographic findings in seventy-four patients in whom advanced osteoarthrosis later developed in the contralateral hip were compared with those in forty-three patients who had reached the age of sixty-five years without having had severe osteoarthrosis. No patient in whom the hip functioned well until the age of sixty-five years had had a center-edge angle of less than 16 degrees, an acetabular index of depth to width of less than 38 per cent, an acetabular index of the weight-bearing zone of more than 15 degrees, uncovering of the femoral head of more than 31 per cent, or an acetabulum in which the most proximal point of the dome had been at the lateral edge (zero peak-to-edge distance).
PartTree: an algorithm to build an approximate tree from a large number of unaligned sequences (2006)

Supplementary information is available at Bioinformatics online.
Optical resolution of DL-amino acids with D-aminoacylase of Streptomyces. (1980)

D-Aminoacylase was found to be produced not only by S. olivaceus 62-3 isolated from soil but also by three strains of type culture of Streptomyces species. All four of these strains produced D-aminoacylase intracellularly only when an inducer was added to the culture medium. D-Amino acids or N-acetyl-D-amino acids were effective as inducers. As S. tuirus showed the highest D-aminoacylase activity, the enzyme extract of this strain was subjected to further investigation to determine the optimal conditions for optical resolution of N-acetyl-DL-phenylglycine. Almost all contaminating L-aminoacylase in the enzyme extract could be eliminated by DEAE-Sephadex adsorption. D-Phenylglycine of 99.9% optical purity was obtained after complete hydrolysis of D-isomer with the use of D-aminoacylase solution.
The trk family of receptors mediates nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 effects in melanocytes. (1994)

We have recently shown that (a) human melanocytes express the p75 nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor in vitro; (b) that melanocyte dendricity and migration, among other behaviors, are regulated at least in part by NGF; and (c) that cultured human epidermal keratinocytes produce NGF. We now report that melanocyte stimulation with phorbol 12-tetra decanoate 13-acetate (TPA), previously reported to induce p75 NGF receptor, also induces trk in melanocytes, and TPA effect is further potentiated by the presence of keratinocytes in culture. Moreover, trk in melanocytes becomes phosphorylated within minutes after NGF stimulation. As well, cultures of dermal fibroblasts express neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) mRNA; NT-3 mRNA levels in cultured fibroblasts are modulated by mitogenic stimulation, UV irradiation, and exposure to melanocyte-conditioned medium. Moreover, melanocytes constitutively express low levels of trk-C, and its expression is downregulated after TPA stimulation. NT-3 supplementation to cultured melanocytes maintained in Medium 199 alone prevents cell death. These combined data suggest that melanocyte behavior in human skin may be influenced by neurotrophic factors, possibly of keratinocyte and fibroblast origin, which act through high affinity receptors.
Incidence and characteristics of CD4(+)/HLA DRhi dendritic cell malignancies. (2004)

We show that DC-derived malignancies can present as either cutaneous lymphoma or acute leukemia, although their incidence is extremely low (<< >1%). While most of these DC neoplasias probably correspond to the malignant counterpart of DC2/lymphoplasmacytoid DC, neoplasias of myeloid DC might also exist, chemotherapy followed by consolidation with ASCT is apparently the most effective strategy for achieving a durable remission in these individuals.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE PHYSICIANS’ BEHAVIORAL INTENTION WITH ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD SYSTEMS IN TAIWAN (2014)

Currently in healthcare organizations paper-based patient record management faces many challenges. Most countries are promoting the full implementation of electronic medical records in every hospital. Medical environments change frequently and dramatically, which makes full acceptance of electronic medical records (EMR) by physicians an important issue. This empirical study combines the theory on reasoned action (TRA) and information technology acceptance model (TAM) resulted in a modified TAM to find what critical factors influence the acceptance behavior of EMR by physicians. To test these hypotheses, this study administered a cross-sectional mailed questionnaire survey during the period of three months in 2012. The survey was deployed to1000 physicians randomly from the estimated total 2000 physicians of 50 regional acute hospitals (more than 300 beds) in Taiwan currently. From these, 252effective responses were received, resulting in a net response rate of 25%. These research findings indicate that four variables significantly positively impact the intention to adopt EMR. Among these, attitude has the most significant positive impact on adoption intentions. Moreover, it shows that the professional autonomy might play an important role to moderate the attitude with significant statistics. These results maintain enough explanatory power (R2 =78.4%) to help explain the attitudes and intentions of physicians in adopting electronic medical record information systems. Our analysis revealed the importance of the perception usefulness which moderated by professional autonomy and pragmatism by physicians for their adoption electronic medical record systems in clinical practices.
Photons, Bits and Entropy: From Planck to Shannon at the Roots of the Information Age (2017)

The present age, which can be called the Information Age, has a core technology constituted by bits transported by photons. Both concepts, bit and photon, originated in the past century: the concept of photon was introduced by Planck in 1900 when he advanced the solution of the blackbody spectrum, and bit is a term first used by Shannon in 1948 when he introduced the theorems that founded information theory. The connection between Planck and Shannon is not immediately apparent; nor is it obvious that they derived their basic results from the concept of entropy. Examination of other important scientists can shed light on Planck’s and Shannon’s work in these respects. Darwin and Fowler, who in 1922 published a couple of papers where they reinterpreted Planck’s results, pointed out the centrality of the partition function to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. The same roots have been more recently reconsidered by Jaynes, who extended the considerations advanced by Darwin and Fowler to information theory. This paper investigates how the concept of entropy was propagated in the past century in order to show how a simple intuition, born in the 1824 during the first industrial revolution in the mind of the young French engineer Carnot, is literally still enlightening the fourth industrial revolution and probably will continue to do so in the coming century.
Evaluation of Coefficients for the Weighted Sum of Gray Gases Model (1982)

The weighted sum of gray gases model postulates that total emissivity and absorptivity may be represented by the sum of a gray gas emissivity weighted with a temperature dependent factor. The gray gas emissivity is expressed in terms of a temperature-independent absorption coefficient, absorbing gas partial pressure, and path length. The weighting factors are given by polynomials in gas temperature with associated polynomial coefficients. For absorptivity, a second polynomial for the irradiation temperature is introduced. A regression scheme is employed to fit the model to total emissivity and absorptivity values obtained from the exponential wide-band model. Absorption and polynomial coefficients are reported for carbon dioxide, water vapor, and mixtures of these gases. The model with these coefficients more accurately represents the total properties over a wider range of temperatures and partial pressure-path length products than previously available coefficients.
Erratum: “Color-tunable organic light emitting devices” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 2959 (1996)] (1997)

First Page
Inhibition of oncogene STAT3 phosphorylation by a prolactin antagonist, hPRL-G129R, in T-47D human breast cancer cells. (2000)

We have previously demonstrated that a hPRL antagonist (hPRL-G129R) was able to inhibit PRL induced breast cancer cell proliferation through induction of apoptosis. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that the inhibitory effect of hPRL-G129R in breast cancer cells occurs, at least in part, through the inhibition of oncogene STAT3 activation. We first demonstrated that STAT5 and STAT3 could be activated by either hGH or hPRL in T-47D breast cancer cells. Although the patterns of STAT5 activation by hGH and hPRL are similar, we observed a nearly 10-fold greater efficacy of hPRL in STAT3 activation as compared to that of hGH. More importantly, we have demonstrated that activation of STAT3 by hPRL could be inhibited by hPRL-G129R. Since T-47D cells coexpress GHR and PRLR, an attempt was made to dissect the molecular events mediated through hGHR or hPRLR using mouse L-cells expressing a single population of receptors (hGHR or hPRLR). To our surprise, only STAT5, not STAT3 phosphorylation was observed in these L-cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that: a) STAT3 is preferably activated through hPRLR in T-47D cells; b) hPRL-G129R is effective in inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation; and c) the mechanism of STAT3 activation is different from that of STAT5.
Vectors : expression systems (1998)

Users guide expression of proteins in E. coli expression in mammalian cells baculovirus expression systems expression and cloning in yeast cloning and expression in plants reporter vectors and assays preparation and sizes of molecular size markers. (Part contents).
Sequencing and Quantifying IgG Fragments and Antigen-Binding Regions by Mass Spectrometry (2010)

In cancer and autoimmune diseases, immunoglobulins with a specific molecular signature that could potentially be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers are released into body fluids. An immunomics approach based on this phenomenon relies on the ability to identify the specific amino acid sequences of the complementarity-determining regions (CDR) of these immunoglobulins, which in turn depends on the level of accuracy, resolution, and sensitivity that can be achieved by advanced mass spectrometry. Reproducible isolation and sequencing of antibody fragments (e.g., Fab) by high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) from seven healthy donors revealed 43 217 MS signals: 225 could be associated with CDR1 peptides, 513 with CDR2 peptides, and 19 with CDR3 peptides. Seventeen percent of the 43 217 MS signals did not overlap between the seven donors. The Fab isolation method used is reproducible and fast, with a high yield. It provides only one Fab sample fraction for subsequent characterization by high-resolution MS. In 17% and 4% of these seven healthy donors, qualitative (presence/absence) and quantitative (intensity) differences in Fab fragments could be demonstrated, respectively. From these results, we conclude that the identification of a CDR signature as biomarker for autoimmune diseases and cancer without prior knowledge of the antigen is feasible.
The Y-ME National Breast Cancer Organization Web Site (1997)

Abstract With a grant from the National Action Plan on Breast Cancer, Y-ME National Breast Cancer Organization developed a comprehensive World-Wide Web site to supplement its peer support activities. Prior to the development of this Web site, Y-ME had no Internet presence. This paper describes the site's development and how Y-ME clients have used it.
Identification and characterization of two novel (neuro)endocrine long coiled‐coil proteins (2007)

We have identified a novel vertebrate-specific gene by applying a Differential Display method on two distinct subtypes of pituitary melanotropes showing divergent secretory phenotypes of hypo- and hypersecretion. A paralogue of this gene was also identified. The existence of a long coiled-coil domain and a C-terminal transmembrane domain in the sequences, together with the Golgi distribution of the proteins in transfected cells, suggest that they can be considered as new members of the golgin family of proteins. Both genes were primarily expressed in (neuro)endocrine tissues in vertebrates thus supporting a role for these proteins in the regulated secretory pathway.
A Technique for Heart Transplantation In the Rat (1964)

To date most of the work in organ transplantation has been confined to studies in dogs and human subjects.<sup>1,3,5,6</sup>Investigation of transplantation immunity in such highly heterogeneous groups has been hampered, however, by lack of companion experiments in isologous recipients. Transplantation between inbred strains has many advantages, including more reproducible results, better controls, and a continuous supply of isologous tissue. Organ transplantation is difficult in the smaller mammals available as inbred lines, however, and with the exception of a series of kidney transplants in the rat,<sup>2</sup>the study of transplantation immunity has depended heavily on use of skin or of transplantable tumors. Neither of these systems is ideal for investigation of early immunopathologic changes and their interrelations. The revascularization which occurs in both methods is further complicated in free skin-grafting by transient but intense epidermal cell activity, hyperplasia, and edema. An excellent discussion of these changes in isografts
Bergmann glia modulate cerebellar Purkinje cell bistability via Ca 2+ -dependent K + uptake (2012)

Recent studies have shown that cerebellar Bergmann glia display coordinated Ca(2+) transients in live mice. However, the functional significance of Bergmann glial Ca(2+) signaling remains poorly understood. Using transgenic mice that allow selective stimulation of glial cells, we report here that cytosolic Ca(2+) regulates uptake of K(+) by Bergmann glia, thus providing a powerful mechanism for control of Purkinje cell-membrane potential. The decline in extracellular K(+) evoked by agonist-induced Ca(2+) in Bergmann glia transiently increased spike activity of Purkinje cells in cerebellar slices as well as in live anesthetized mice. Thus, Bergmann glia play a previously unappreciated role in controlling the membrane potential and thereby the activity of adjacent Purkinje cells.