gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ECG telemetric evaluation in Formula One drivers (2002)

Formula I drivers during the race constitute a very particular experimental model because they are submitted to an intense psychophysical activity in conjunction with hard quick latero-lateral and antero-posterior accelerations. The ECG analysis (RR variability, arrhythmias and vagosympathetic system balance), during this particular psychophysical stress, is extremely interesting for characterisation of the sportsmens' training. An ad hoc ECG amplifier has been developed, capable of acquiring ECG signals in high noise environmental conditions. The analog ECG signal is recorded on the on-board data logger. On line and off line correlations with other environmentally recorded conditions during the race are possible by a modified version of the standard telemetry programme, normally used during the race. In particular, the lateral and longitudinal acceleration together with the car velocity are considered. An accurate analysis of the rhythm and RR variability is then performed off-line. First results suggest an intense psychological stress as the engine starts and a correspondence to the road circuit (heart rate ranging between 110 and 180 bpm in normal or bradicardic subjects). The analysis on more than 6 races on two drivers shows a positive linear correlation between heart rate and car velocity, disregarding the climatic conditions.
Synthesis of Nanosized Silver Platelets in Octylamine-Water Bilayer Systems (2002)

The synthesis of nanosized powders with targeted properties and their assembly is of considerable importance to the microelectronics industry because of the pervasive drive to miniaturize components. In the current work, synthesis of nanosized silver (Ag) metal platelets was studied. The platelets were synthesized in the lamellar bilayer phase region (neat phase D) of the octylamine−water binary system. Amylamine was used as cosurfactant to increase the phase stability of the lamellar region. The influences of the synthesis conditions and the concentrations of the system components on morphology and size of the platelets were examined. Low-angle X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the water/surfactant molar ratio (R) has a strong influence on the thickness of bilayers (d1 + d2) and consequently particles grown in them. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies have shown the effect of R on platelet thickness (t) and face size (a). Thickness and face area of platelets is controlled by regulating the bilayer dimensions by changing R. Platelets with face sizes ranging from 12 to 83 nm and thicknesses from 0.3 to 5 nm have been synthesized at room temperature.
Cascaded coupler Mach-Zehnder channel dropping filters for wavelength-division-multiplexed optical systems (1994)

We describe the design and characteristics of cascaded coupler Mach-Zehnder (CMZ) channel adding/dropping filters that select every nth channel (n=2,3,4,...) from the wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal. Using the truncated binomial coupling weight distribution, which appears to be optimal, such filters achieve low (>
Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season (2009)

Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition. The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa, and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms.
Functional liquid crystal films selectively recognize amine vapours and simultaneously change their colour (2006)

During recent years, cholesteric liquid crystals have found only a few applications, one of them being temperature detection; in this study, however, we intend to show that the combination of cholesteric liquid crystals and molecules with a trifluoroacetyl function can be applied to optically detect amine vapours.
A Survey of Automated Visual Inspection (1995)

In this paper, we survey the automated visual inspection systems and techniques that have been reported in the literature from 1988 to 1993. Several earlier systems are also discussed. In the survey, a taxonomy of inspection systems based on their sensory input is presented. The general benefits and feasibility of automated visual inspection are also discussed. We present common approaches to visual inspection and also consider the specification and analysis of dimensional tolerances and their influence on the inspection task(s). One of the recent developments in automated visual inspection, namely the expanded role of computer-aided design (CAD) data in many systems, is examined in detail.
Polymorphisms in the IL10 but not in the IL1beta and IL4 genes are associated with inhibitor development in patients with hemophilia A (2005)

The aim of the Malmö International Brother Study (MIBS) is to evaluate host genetic factors associated with the development of inhibitory antibodies in patients with hemophilia. Factor VIII gene mutations and genetic polymorphisms of the IL1beta, IL4, and IL10 genes, known to influence antibody production in autoimmune diseases, were analyzed in 164 patients (124 with severe, 26 with moderate, and 14 with mild disease) in 78 unrelated families with hemophilia A. Seventy-seven (47%) patients in 54 families had a history of inhibitors (57 high responding, 20 low responding). Inversions were found in 36 families (75 patients). There was no association between the development of inhibitor and the IL1beta Taq I RFLP alleles in exon 5 or the -590 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of IL4. There was, however, a strong association between an allele with 134 bp in one of the CA repeat microsatellites, IL10G, located in the promoter region of the IL10 gene, and the development of inhibitor (odds ratio [OR], 4.4; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.1-9.5; P < .001). The association was consistent in the subgroup of families with severe hemophilia and inversions. IL10 is the first gene located outside the causative factor VIII gene mutation to be associated with inhibitor development.
Signal compression with smooth local trigonometric bases (1994)

We discuss smooth local trigonometric bases and their applications to signal compression. In image compression, these bases can reduce the blocking effect that occurs in the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). We present and compare two generalizations of the original construction of Malvar, Coifman, and Meyer: biorthogonal and equal parity bases. These have the advantage that constant and linear components, respectively, can be represented efficiently. We show how they reduce blocking effects and improve the SNR.
An Oxygen Cathode Operating in a Physiological Solution (2002)

We report the electroreduction of O(2) to water under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 0.15 M NaCl, 37.5 degrees C) at a current density of 5 mA cm(-2) and at a potential only 0.18 V reducing versus that of the reversible O(2)/H(2)O electrode at pH 7.4. The immobilized electrocatalyst enabling the reduction is the electrostatic adduct of bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria, a polyanion at pH >4.1, and the polycationic redox copolymer of polyacrylamide and poly (N-vinylimidazole) complexed with [Os (4,4'-dichloro-2,2'-bipyridine)(2)Cl](+/2+), cross-linked on carbon cloth. The current density of the rotating electrodes was O(2) transport limited up to 8.8 mA cm(-2); their kinetic limit was reached at 9.1 mA cm(-2). The operational life of the electrodes depended on their angular velocity, which defined not only the current density but also the mechanical shear stress stripping the electrocatalyst. When the electrodes were rotated at 300 rpm and were poised at -256 mV versus the potential of the reversible O(2)/H(2)O electrode, their 2.4 mA cm(-2) initial current density decreased to 1.3 mA cm(-2) after 6 days of continuous operation at 37.5 degrees C.
A local proton source in a [Mn(bpy-R)(CO)3Br]-type redox catalyst enables CO2 reduction even in the absence of Brønsted acids (2014)

The effect of a local proton source on the activity of a bromotricarbonyl Mn redox catalyst for CO2 reduction has been investigated. The electrochemical behaviour of the novel complex [fac-Mn(dhbpy)(CO)3Br] (dhbpy = 4-phenyl-6-(1,3-dihydroxybenzen-2-yl) 2,2'-bipyridine), containing two acidic OH groups in the proximity of the metal centre, under a CO2 atmosphere showed a sustained catalysis in homogeneous solution even in the absence of Brønsted acids.
Is Daidzein Non-metabolizer a High Risk for Prostate Cancer? A Case-controlled Study of Serum Soybean Isoflavone Concentration (2002)

The above findings revealed that equol itself or some unknown factor regulating the metabolism of daidzein is deeply involved in the biology of prostate cancer. Future studies are urgently needed to compare the incidence of daidzein metabolizers among various countries.
ETS Fusion Genes in Prostate Cancer (2013)

In 2005, we reported the discovery of recurrent chromosomal rearrangements resulting in the fusion of the 5′ untranslated region of an androgen regulated gene, TMPRSS2, with members of the ETS transcription factor family (ERG or ETV1). After nearly a decade, enormous progress has been made in understanding the diversity of ETS gene fusions, their genesis, and oncogenic roles in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, ETS gene fusions provide a rational basis for the comprehensive molecular subtyping of prostate cancer, especially in light of recently described co-­occurring or mutually exclusive genetic events, which may have utility in risk prediction as well as therapeutic targeting. Given their remarkable cancer specificity, ETS gene fusions have enormous potential as biomarkers, and clinical translation is ongoing. We discuss the utility of ETS gene fusions for both tissue based diagnosis, risk stratification of precursor lesions, and early detection. Similarly, given the attention on distinguishing “aggressive” from indolent prostate cancer, we have reviewed the potential of ETS gene fusions in this context and focus on the important caveats required to interpret such studies, including the ETS gene fusion detection method, the clinical cohort characteristics, and how aggressiveness and outcome are determined. Importantly, these factors are important not just for evaluating ETS fusions, but all prostate cancer biomarkers. Lastly, as the most prostate cancer-­specific biomarker yet reported, we review the potential of ETS gene fusions as both indirect and direct therapeutic targets.
Crystal Structure of Human Type III Collagen Gly991–Gly1032 Cystine Knot-containing Peptide Shows Both 7/2 and 10/3 Triple Helical Symmetries (2008)

Type III collagen is a critical collagen that comprises extensible connective tissue such as skin, lung, and the vascular system. Mutations in the type III collagen gene, COL3A1, are associated with the most severe forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. A characteristic feature of type III collagen is the presence of a stabilizing C-terminal cystine knot. Crystal structures of collagen triple helices reported so far contain artificial sequences like (Gly-Pro-Pro)(n) or (Gly-Pro-Hyp)(n). To gain insight into the structural properties exhibited by the natural type III collagen triple helix, we synthesized, crystallized, and determined the structure of a 12-triplet repeating peptide containing the natural type III collagen sequence from residues 991 to 1032 including the C-terminal cystine knot region, to 2.3A resolution. This represents the longest collagen triple helical structure determined to date with a native sequence. Strikingly, the Gly(991)-Gly(1032) structure reveals that the central non-imino acid-containing region adopts 10/3 superhelical properties, whereas the imino acid rich N- and C-terminal regions adhere to a 7/2 superhelical conformation. The structure is consistent with two models for the cystine knot; however, the poor density for the majority of this region suggests that multiple conformations may be adopted. The structure shows that the multiple non-imino acids make several types of direct intrahelical as well as interhelical contacts. The looser superhelical structure of the non-imino acid region of collagen triple helices combined with the extra contacts afforded by ionic and polar residues likely play a role in fibrillar assembly and interactions with other extracellular components.
A soluble form of the human T cell differentiation antigen CD27 is released after triggering of the TCR/CD3 complex (1991)

The human T cell Ag CD27 belongs to a recently defined family of cell surface receptors, including the nerve growth factor receptor, two distinct tumor necrosis factor receptors, and the B cell specific molecule CD40. On resting T cells, CD27 is a transmembrane homodimer with subunits of 50 to 55 kDa (p55). T cell activation via the TCR/CD3 complex causes a strong enhancement of p55 expression. Concomitantly, an alternative form of the CD27 molecule with a molecular mass of 28 to 32 kDa (p32) appears at the cell surface. With the use of ELISA, we here show that a soluble form of CD27 (sCD27) can be detected in the supernatant of T cells activated with anti-CD3 or combinations of anti-CD2 mAb. Moreover, sCD27 is found in both serum and urine from healthy donors. sCD27, purified from either culture supernatant or urine, has a molecular mass of 28 to 32 kDa and is, according to peptide mapping, structurally homologous to the p55 membrane form of CD27. Quantification of sCD27 levels may be used as a marker for T lymphocyte activation in vivo.
New peptide synthesis using the ozonolysate of 2‐(1‐phthalimido)alkyl‐5‐phenyloxazoles (1991)

Abstract It was proved that 2‐(1‐phthalimido)alkyl‐5‐phenyloxazoles 3 were useful synthetic intermediates for peptide synthesis, where the oxazole ring acted as not only the carboxyl protecting group but also the carboxyl activating group upon ozonolysis.
The TM5 MADS Box Gene Mediates Organ Differentiation in the Three Inner Whorls of Tomato Flowers (1994)

Lilac Pnueli, Dana Hareven, Limor Broday, Charles Hurwitz, Eliezer Lifschitz, The TM5 MADS Box Gene Mediates Organ Differentiation in the Three Inner Whorls of Tomato Flowers, The Plant Cell, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Feb., 1994), pp. 175-186
Femtosecond laser corneal refractive surgery (1999)

We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and stability of femtosecond laser intrastromal refractive procedures in ex vivo and in vivo models. When compared with longer pulsewidth nanosecond or picosecond laser pulses, femtosecond laser-tissue interactions are characterized by significantly smaller and more deterministic photodisruptive energy thresholds, as well as reduced shock waves and smaller cavitation bubbles. We utilized a highly reliable, all-solid-state femtosecond laser system for all studies to demonstrate clinical practicality. Contiguous tissue effects were achieved by scanning a 5 &mu;m focused laser spot below the corneal surface at pulse energies of approximately 2 - 4 microjoules. A variety of scanning patterns was used to perform three prototype procedures in animal eyes; corneal flap cutting, keratomileusis, and intrastromal vision correction. Superior dissection and surface quality results were obtained for lamellar procedures (corneal flap cutting and keratomileusis). Preliminary in vivo evaluation of intrastromal vision correction in a rabbit model revealed consistent and stable pachymetry changes, without significant inflammation or loss of corneal transparency. We conclude that femtosecond laser technology may be able to perform a variety of corneal refractive procedures with high precision, offering advantages over current mechanical and laser devices and techniques.
Association of Hypertension with β 2 - and α 2c10 -Adrenergic Receptor Genotype (1996)

The adrenergic receptors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. We hypothesized that hypertension is associated with variants at the beta2-adrenergic receptor locus and at one of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor loci. In unrelated individuals, we measured untreated blood pressure and characterized each subject as hypertensive or normotensive. We then used genomic DNA to identify beta2- and alpha2c10-adrenergic receptor restriction fragment length polymorphisms. In 175 subjects (49 percent with hypertension, 55 percent black), both hypertension and race were associated with genotype at the beta2 locus (chi2 for hypertension = 11, P = .004, chi2 for race = 8.8, P = .012). The association with hypertension persisted in each race group separately (blacks only: chi2 = 9.6, P = .008; whites only; chi2 = 14.2, P = .001). This association persisted in a logistic model that controlled for race (P = .01). Genotype was also significantly associated with baseline systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures (P = .05, .01, and .02, respectively). These data suggest that the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene is a candidate gene for hypertension in blacks and whites. We also genotyped subjects at the alpha2-adrenergic receptor coded on chromosome 10. There was no association between hypertension and genotype at the alpah2c10 locus in the total group or in blacks, but there was significant association in whites (chi2 = 6.7, P = .03). These data suggest that the beta2- and alph2c10-adrenergic receptor genes may contribute, in a race-specific manner, to the inheritance of essential hypertension. Linkage studies in related individuals are needed to confirm these findings.
Safety and efficacy of a new extended-release formulation of minocycline. (2006)

The complete safety and efficacy of a new extended-release (ER) minocycline hydrochloride formulation were assessed in an analysis of a phase 2 dose-finding study and 2 phase 3 safety and efficacy studies. The studies were similar in design, subject populations, and shared common dose groups of subjects given ER minocycline 1 mg/kg daily or placebo over 12 weeks. The similar designs were prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled. A total of 1038 subjects with moderate to severe acne were available for the pooled analysis. Independently, each study showed that treatment with ER-minocycline significantly reduced (P < .001) the number of inflammatory lesions and significantly improved (P < .001) their Evaluator's Global Severity Assessment (EGSA) scores (phase 3 studies). Analysis of the pooled population confirmed the results of the individual studies. The percentage of subjects reporting acute vestibular adverse events (AVAEs) was comparable between those receiving the ER-minocycline 1-mg/kg dose and placebo (approximately 10% of subjects in each group) for both the individual studies and the pooled population. It was concluded that a novel ER-minocycline formulation that delivers consistent levels of drug at a 1-mg/kg dose reduces dose-dependent AVAEs while reducing inflammatory lesions and improving the overall appearance of patients with acne vulgaris.
A Framework for Managing Enterprise Knowledge for Collaborative Decision Support (2007)

This paper presents a new knowledge management paradigm in order to assist knowledge workers to make decision effectively and efficiently in the new economy age. The paradigm is called knowledge infused decision support (KIDS) framework for managing knowledge required for complex decisions in manufacturing processes. KIDS framework tackles two kinds of knowledge: quantitative knowledge and qualitative knowledge. Quantitative knowledge is discovered from enterprise's business databases through data mining, and qualitative knowledge like experience and judgment captured from human in the collaborative decision making process. The infusion of quantitative and qualitative knowledge provides better understanding of business processes and the decision contexts for decision makers to make decisions quickly under the pressures of time-and knowledge-based competition. The knowledge is then codified into enterprise's knowledge repository. A knowledge mapping mechanism is also provided in the framework for not only delivering the relevant knowledge to the knowledge workers, but also enabling them to access knowledge from knowledge repository efficiently and effectively at anytime and anywhere. It finally discusses several applications in manufacturing industry in order to speed up design decision making using quantitative and qualitative knowledge.
The Organization of Aromatic Side Groups in an Amyloid Fibril Probed by Solid-State 2H and 19F NMR Spectroscopy (2006)

Some 25 diseases are associated with proteins and peptides that assemble into amyloid fibrils composed of beta-strands connected by hydrogen bonds oriented parallel to the fiber long axis. There is mounting evidence that amyloid formation involves specific interactions between amino acid side groups, which bring together beta-sheets to form layers with buried and exposed faces. This work demonstrates how a combination of solid-state 2H and 19F NMR experiments can provide constraints on fibril architecture by probing the environment and spatial organisation of aromatic side groups. It is shown that phenylalanine rings within fibrils formed by a decapeptide fragment of the islet amyloid polypeptide, amylin, are highly motionally restrained and are situated within 6.5 A of one another. Taken together with existing structural constraints for this peptide, these results are consistent with a fibril architecture that comprises layers of two or more beta-sheets, with the aromatic residues facing into the inter-sheet space and possibly engaged in pi-pi interactions. The methods presented will be of general utility in exploring the architecture of fibrils of larger, full-length peptides and proteins, including amylin itself.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms in angiogenesis. (1980)

Low concentrations of copper sulphate, Dispirin, or Walker carcinoma extract elicit intraocular vascularization when tested by anterior chamber implants in rats. The response is markedly depressed by pre-treatment of animals with methylprednisolone acetate, suggesting that such induced vascularization is mediated by leucocytes. Since many agents inducing vascularization also induce migration of cultured endothelial cells, it raises the problem of how to isolate and study the action of possible leucocyte-derived angiogenic factors. Regardless of the identity of the natural angiogenic factor or factors, it is proposed that during blood vessel formation specialized endothelial cells migrate in response to an angiogenic signal and deposit fibronectin on which other cells can track and subsequently adhere, forming an endothelium.