gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison study of distinguishing cancerous and normal prostate epithelial cells by confocal and polarization diffraction imaging (2015)

Accurate classification of malignant cells from benign ones can significantly enhance cancer diagnosis and prognosis by detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). We have investigated two approaches of quantitative morphology and polarization diffraction imaging on two prostate cell types to evaluate their feasibility as single-cell assay methods toward CTC detection after cell enrichment. The two cell types have been measured by a confocal imaging method to obtain their three-dimensional morphology parameters and by a polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry (p-DIFC) method to obtain image texture parameters. The support vector machine algorithm was applied to examine the accuracy of cell classification with the morphology and diffraction image parameters. Despite larger mean values of cell and nuclear sizes of the cancerous prostate cells than the normal ones, it has been shown that the morphologic parameters cannot serve as effective classifiers. In contrast, accurate classification of the two prostate cell types can be achieved with high classification accuracies on measured data acquired separately in three measurements. These results provide strong evidence that the p-DIFC method has the potential to yield morphology-related “fingerprints” for accurate and label-free classification of the two prostate cell types.
W-Band Micro-Fabricated Coaxially-Fed Frequency Scanned Slot Arrays (2012)

In this communication we describe a frequency scanning slot array in μcoaxial technology operating from 87-102 GHz. The array achieves a 30° scanning angle over a 15 GHz bandwidth. The device is fabricated using the PolyStrata sequential copper deposition process, which guarantees low loss and small size. A double-array prototype, with a gain of 14 dB at 94 GHz, is fabricated and tested.
Workplace bullying: To mediate or not? (2009)

In the past 18 years there has been growing awareness across OECD nations of workplace bullying as a significant health and safety issue and âone of the most common causes of psychological injury, workplace related stress, illness and workplace related suicideâ. It is important to assess the suitability of mediation when workplace bullying is alleged. Is mediation appropriate at all given concerns about power imbalance and public interest? If it is appropriate, what specific knowledge and skills does the mediator require? What strategies might the mediator employ?
LAURISTON S. TAYLOR LECTURE: THE QUEST FOR THERAPEUTIC ACTINIDE CHELATORS (2008)

All of the actinides are radioactive. Taken into the body, they damage and induce cancer in bone and liver, and in the lungs if inhaled, and U(VI) is a chemical kidney poison. Containment of radionuclides is fundamental to radiation protection, but if it is breached accidentally or deliberately, decontamination of exposed persons is needed to reduce the consequences of radionuclide intake. The only known way to reduce the health risks of internally deposited actinides is to accelerate their excretion with chelating agents. Ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) were introduced in the 1950's. DTPA is now clinically accepted, but its oral activity is low, it must be injected as a Ca(II) or Zn(II) chelate to avoid toxicity, and it is structurally unsuitable for chelating U(VI) or Np(V). Actinide penetration into the mammalian iron transport and storage systems suggested that actinide ions would form stable complexes with the Fe(III)-binding units found in potent selective natural iron chelators (siderophores). Testing of that biomimetic approach began in the late 1970's with the design, production, and assessment for in vivo Pu(IV) chelation of synthetic multidentate ligands based on the backbone structures and Fe(III)-binding groups of siderophores. New efficacious actinide chelators have emerged from that program, in particular, octadentate 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) and tetradentate 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO) have potential for clinical acceptance. Both are much more effective than CaNa3-DTPA for decorporation of Pu(IV), Am(III), U(VI), and Np(IV,V), they are orally active, and toxicity is acceptably low at effective dosage.
A review of non‐invasive electro neuromodulation as an intervention for non‐neurogenic bladder dysfunction in children (2003)

There are clear benefits from the use of electroneuromodulation in children with differing forms of voiding dysfunction. The treatment approach is independent of cognitive and pharmacological therapy, is minimally invasive, and free of side effects. To date, there are no clinical variables that reliably predict efficacy of electrotherapy in the various presentations of over and under active detrusor, sphincter dyssynergia, or irritative symptoms.
Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (1999)

Provides comprehensive information on the most useful protective groups for the hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, and sulfhydryl groups. Discusses the chemistry of the classes of protective groups, as well as that of the individual protective groups within the class using structures, equations and references. Reactivity Charts for each class of protective group serve as an aid in their appropriate choice and provide estimates of their relative reactivities toward 108 prototype reagents.
A human monoclonal antimelanoma single-chain Fv antibody derived from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (1995)

With the development of recombinant DNA technology, it has become feasible to clone, construct, and express fully human immunoglobulin molecules. Here we report a novel methodology to make human antitumor single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies from tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes. We isolated and expanded tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes from melanomas in the presence of Epstein-Barr virus. The transformed B cells secreting tumor-specific antibodies were identified and cloned by limiting dilution. From one B cell clone with specific melanoma reactivity, we captured the immunoglobulin variable region genes VH and Vk by PCR, sequenced the genes, and linked them together by PCR assembly with the use of a (Gly4Ser)3 linker. The scFv gene was then cloned into the pET21d vector and expressed. The obtained scFv protein with a M(r), of 29,000 was purified and biotinylated for further characterization. The scFv demonstrated specific tumor reactivity to 21 of 24 different melanoma cell lines and not to 14 nonmelanoma tumor cell lines, such as breast, ovarian, and colon cancer cells lines; normal human melanocytes as well as normal human leukocytes. These results were obtained in (a) a tumor cell ELISA, (b) fixed cell immunofluorescence, and (c) live cell flow cytometry. The immunoprecipitation results indicated that a protein antigen of M(r) 45,000 was recognized by the scFv. Since we reported previously that about 70% of human tumors of different histological types contain tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes producing specific antitumor antibodies, this approach offers a rapid, effective method by combining in vitro B-cell expansion and PCR gene cloning to elucidate the repertoire of the human antitumor immune response and to make human monoclonal antitumor antibody molecules.
Mutations associated with hemophilia A in the 558-565 loop of the factor VIIIa A2 subunit alter the catalytic activity of the factor Xase complex (2002)

The 558-565 loop region in the A2 subunit of factor (F) VIIIa forms a direct interface with FIXa. We have expressed and purified B-domainless FVIII (FVIII(WT)) and B-domainless FVIII containing the hemophilia A-associated mutations Ser558Phe, Val559Ala, Asp560Ala, Gln565Arg, and the activated protein C cleavage site mutant Arg562Ala. Titration of FVIIIa in FXa generation assays showed that the mutant and wild-type proteins had similar functional affinities for FIXa (dissociation constant [K(d)] values approximately 5 nM-20 nM and approximately 100 nM-250 nM in the presence and absence of phospholipid, respectively). The catalytic activities of the factor Xase complex composed of the hemophilia A-associated FVIII species were markedly reduced both in the presence and absence of phospholipid. FVIII(WT) and FVIII(Arg562Ala) showed catalytic rate constant (k(cat)) values of approximately 60 minute(-1) in the presence of phospholipid, whereas the hemophilia A-associated mutants showed k(cat) values ranging from 3.3 minute(-1) to 7.5 minute(-1). In the absence of phospholipid, all k(cat) values were reduced but FVIII(WT) and FVIII(Arg562Ala) retained higher activities as compared with the hemophilic mutant FVIII forms. Fluorescence anisotropy experiments using fluorescein-modified FIXa confirmed that all FVIII forms interacted with FIXa. However, the presence of factor X yielded minimal increases in anisotropy observed with the mutant factor VIII forms, consistent with their reduced activity. These results show that residues within the 558-565 loop are critical in modulating FIXa enzymatic activity but do not contribute significantly to the affinity of FVIIIa for FIXa.
PAPR reduction for bandwidth-aggregated OFDM and SC-FDMA systems (2011)

Next generation wireless systems require much higher data rate supports and hence larger bandwidths than the existing systems. Due to the compatibility requirement with the existing legacy systems and the constraints on the availability of contiguous spectrum, bandwidth (or carrier) aggregation has recently emerged as a practical means for supporting high data rate requirement of next-generation systems. A practical issue associated with the bandwidth or carrier aggregation is the significant increase of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the time-domain signal. This paper proposes a low-complexity PAPR reduction method for bandwidth aggregated systems with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing / multiple-access (OFDM/OFDMA) or single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). The proposed approach adopts the existing selective mapping concept, but with some modifications for substantially reducing complexity and signaling overhead, while adapting to carrier-aggregated systems. Performance evaluation under 3GPP LTE-Advanced environment shows PAPR reduction advantage of the proposed method while not requiring any signaling overhead.
Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials for Molecular Electrochemistry (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTAdvanced Carbon Electrode Materials for Molecular ElectrochemistryRichard L. McCreery, *View Author Information National Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada* E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 7, 2646–2687Publication Date (Web):June 17, 2008Publication History Received26 October 2007Published online17 June 2008Published inissue 1 July 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr068076mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr068076mreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31376Altmetric-Citations2266LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbon,Carbon nanotubes,Electrodes,Materials,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Closure of open wellbores in creeping salt sheets (2013)

A R Y Safe exploration and production of pre-salt (or subsalt) hydrocarbons require that drilling operations be optimized. We introduce analytical models of wellbore closure, accounting for variations in both the wellbore net pressure and far-field flow rate of an autochthonous or allochthonous salt sheet penetrated by the wellbore. We demonstrate how closure rates of such a wellbore evolve for increasingly stronger Rankine flow. For high viscosity salt (10 18 Pa s) the wellbore closes by a pure sink flow without any Rankine shift from its vertical trajectory path. For low viscosity salt (10 16 Pa s) Rankine flow dominates. Wellbore closure in salt sheets may vary within the same wellbore due to differential tectonic creep rates at different depths. Mitigation of wellbore closure by, for example, reaming, jarring, brine solution and thermal control, is most effective if spatial variation in closure rates is understood and quantified. Evaluation of wellbore closure rates due to salt creep should be customarily included in wellbore stability analyses before drilling and during well monitoring.
Congruency between Biophysical Data from Multiple Platforms and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Double-Super Helix Model of Nascent High-Density Lipoprotein (2010)

The predicted structure and molecular trajectories from >80 ns molecular dynamics simulation of the solvated Double-Super Helix (DSH) model of nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined and compared with experimental data on reconstituted nascent HDL obtained from multiple biophysical platforms, including small angle neutron scattering (SANS) with contrast variation, hydrogen-deuterium exchange tandem mass spectrometry (H/D-MS/MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), cross-linking tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), and electron microscopy. In general, biophysical constraints experimentally derived from the multiple platforms agree with the same quantities evaluated using the simulation trajectory. Notably, key structural features postulated for the recent DSH model of nascent HDL are retained during the simulation, including (1) the superhelical conformation of the antiparallel apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) chains, (2) the lipid micellar-pseudolamellar organization, and (3) the solvent-exposed Solar Flare loops, proposed sites of interaction with LCAT (lecithin cholesteryl acyltransferase). Analysis of salt bridge persistence during simulation provides insights into structural features of apoA1 that forms the backbone of the lipoprotein. The combination of molecular dynamics simulation and experimental data from a broad range of biophysical platforms serves as a powerful approach to studying large macromolecular assemblies such as lipoproteins. This application to nascent HDL validates the DSH model proposed earlier and suggests new structural details of nascent HDL.
THE PREPARATION OF THE NEW COMPOUND CALCIUM COBALTATE(III) (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PREPARATION OF THE NEW COMPOUND CALCIUM COBALTATE(III)James D. Ray and Richard A. Ogg Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 20, 5452Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01601a086https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01601a086research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reconstitution of Channel Proteins in (Polymerized) ABA Triblock Copolymer Membranes (2000)

A new class of mechanically stable block copolymer protein hybrid materials: Giant freestanding membranes with a thickness of 10 nm were prepared from polymerizable amphiphilic triblock copolymers in which, despite their extreme thickness, it was possible to reconstitute channel proteins. The proteins remained functional in the completely artificial surrounding even after polymerization of the membranes, as revealed by conductance measurements. These polymer–protein hybrid materials possess great potential for applications in the area of diagnostics, sensor technology, protein crystallization, and even drug delivery.
Synthetic investigations of rapamycin. 2. Synthesis of a C(22)-C(42) fragment (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic investigations of rapamycin. 2. Synthesis of a C(22)-C(42) fragmentDaniel Romo, Donna D. Johnson, Louis Plamondon, Tetsuo Miwa, and Stuart L. SchreiberCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 19, 5060–5063Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00045a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00045a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views895Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Multi-modal Semantic Place Classification (2009)

The ability to represent knowledge about space and its position therein is crucial for a mobile robot. To this end, topological and semantic descriptions are gaining popularity for augmenting purely metric space representations. In this paper we present a multi-modal place classification system that allows a mobile robot to identify places and recognize semantic categories in an indoor environment. The system effectively utilizes information from different robotic sensors by fusing multiple visual cues and laser range data. This is achieved using a high-level cue integration scheme based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM) that learns how to optimally combine and weight each cue. Our multi-modal place classification approach can be used to obtain a real-time semantic space labeling system which integrates information over time and space. We perform an extensive experimental evaluation of the method for two different platforms and environments, on a realistic off-line database and in a live experiment on an autonomous robot. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our cue integration scheme and its value for robust place classification under varying conditions.
Pyrimidine Nucleotide Biosynthesis in Animals: Genes, Enzymes, and Regulation of UMP Biosynthesis (1980)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Determination of 24 minor red blood cell antigens for more than 2000 blood donors by high‐throughput DNA analysis (2007)

DNA analysis with BeadChip format, combined with computerized data entry and analysis, permits the prediction of minor blood group antigens.
The 3′→5′ exonuclease of DNA polymerase δ can substitute for the 5′ flap endonuclease Rad27/Fen1 in processing Okazaki fragments and preventing genome instability (2001)

Many DNA polymerases (Pol) have an intrinsic 3'-->5' exonuclease (Exo) activity which corrects polymerase errors and prevents mutations. We describe a role of the 3'-->5' Exo of Pol delta as a supplement or backup for the Rad27/Fen1 5' flap endonuclease. A yeast rad27 null allele was lethal in combination with Pol delta mutations in Exo I, Exo II, and Exo III motifs that inactivate its exonuclease, but it was viable with mutations in other parts of Pol delta. The rad27-p allele, which has little phenotypic effect by itself, was also lethal in combination with mutations in the Pol delta Exo I and Exo II motifs. However, rad27-p Pol delta Exo III double mutants were viable. They exhibited strong synergistic increases in CAN1 duplication mutations, intrachromosomal and interchromosomal recombination, and required the wild-type double-strand break repair genes RAD50, RAD51, and RAD52 for viability. Observed effects were similar to those of the rad27-null mutant deficient in the removal of 5' flaps in the lagging strand. These results suggest that the 3'-->5' Exo activity of Pol delta is redundant with Rad27/Fen1 for creating ligatable nicks between adjacent Okazaki fragments, possibly by reducing the amount of strand-displacement in the lagging strand.
HIV-2-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity is inversely related to proviral load (1995)

HIV-2-specific CTL to multiple gene products was demonstrated in most HIV-2-infected individuals. An inverse correlation between the level of CTL activity and proviral load was found, which supports the hypothesis that CTL are important in the control of HIV-2 replication.