gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombospondin-1 Short Hairpin RNA Suppresses Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in the Kidney of Ureteral Obstruction by Ameliorating Peritubular Capillary Injury (2011)

These data suggest that inhibition of TSP-1 expression prevented tubulointerstitial fibrosis through ameliorating PTC injury.
Yield Earliness, and Fiber Properties of Cotton Carrying Combined Traits for Pink Bollworm Resistance (1989)

The nectariless (N) and okra‐leaf (L) traits confer low levels of resistance in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., to pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). The semi‐smoothleaf (SS) trait reduces the amount of leaf trash in mechanically harvested seedcotton. The main objective of this study was to compare NL (or NSSL) isolines with N (or NSS) isolines and with check cultivars for resistance to PBW, lint yield, earliness, and fiber properties. The experiments were grown at three locations: Tempe, AZ; Maricopa, AZ; and Brawley, CA. In three experiments grown without the use of insecticide, two of the six NL (or NSSL) isolines (DES 56NL and DES 24NSSL) had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, did not yield significantly less lint, were significantly earlier, and had deficient to comparable fiber properties when compared with the N counterpart isolines. The Stoneville 825 NL isoline yielded significantly more lint and had fiber properties comparable to the N isoline, but was not earlier and did not have less seed damage. All N, NL, NSS, and NSSL lines that were compared with nectaried, regular‐leaf cultivars sustained less seed damage, and most were equal in lint yield and earliness. In a fourth, insecticide‐treated experiment, DES S6NL required fewer insecticide applications, had significantly less seed damage, and was earlier maturing than the nectaried, regular‐leaf ‘Deltapine 61’ (DPL‐61) at two locations, and yielded more lint at one location. Fiber of DES 56NL was shorter, weaker, and coarser, but had elongation strength equal to that of DPL‐61. In three of the four experiments, some year ✕ cotton and location ✕ cotton interaction effects were significant. Thus, in spite of some deficiencies in properties and performance, cotton germplasm lines are becoming available that combine PBW resistance with yield potential, earliness, and fiber properties that approach or equal those traits in cultivars
Protection against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Induced by Recombinant Antigens in Murine and Nonhuman Primate Models of the Human Disease (2001)

Leishmaniasis affects approximately 2 million people each year throughout the world. This high incidence is due in part to the lack of an efficacious vaccine. We present evidence that the recombinant leishmanial antigens LmSTI1 and TSA, which we identified and characterized previously, induce excellent protection in both murine and nonhuman primate (rhesus monkey) models of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. The remarkable protection induced by LmSTI1 and TSA in an animal model that is evolutionarily close to humans qualifies this antigen combination as a promising candidate subunit vaccine against human leishmaniasis.
[Idiopathic myxedema and blocking type antibodies to TSH receptor]. (1999)

The pathogenetic role of thyrotropin-stimulation blocking antibodies (TSBab) in idiopathic myxedema has been described. Idiopathic myxedema is characterized as atrophic thyroid gland and positive autoantibodies to thyroid gland, including TSBab. TSBab is positive in 20-30% cases of idiopathic myxedema. TSBab is disappeared in some cases of TSBab positive idiopathic myxedema during treatment. In some of these cases, thyroid function recovered after the disappearance of TSBab. Transient neonatal hypothyroidism with TSBab positive was born in mothers of TSBab positive with autoimmune thyroid diseases. In these cases, thyroid function recovered with the disappearance of TSBab. Form these findings, it is suggested that TSBab may play a certain pathogenetic role in idiopathic myxedema.
Mixed-media file systems (1999)

This thesis addresses the problem of implementing mixed-media storage systems. In this work a mixed-media file system is defined to be a system that stores both conventional (best-effort) file data and real-time continuous-media data. Continuous-media data is usually bulky, and servers storing and retrieving many streams simultaneously require high throughput and capacity. To design a system that can support such bandwidth requirements, a thorough understanding is required of current I/O technology. An overview is given of commodity hardware that can be used for this purpose and performance experiments are presented that show how to use this hardware efficiently.
Clinical Importance of Prognostic Factors (2004)

The term prognostic factor, when used regarding patients with malignancies, has taken on several meanings. In general, a prognostic factor is considered to be useful because its results serve to separate a large heterogeneous population into smaller populations with more precisely predictable outcomes. In theory, if this separation is both reliable and disparate, one can apply therapy more efficiently to the population by exposing those most likely to need and benefit from the therapy while ensuring that the other group avoids needless toxicities.KeywordsBreast CancerClin OncolTumor MarkerPredictive FactorResidual RiskThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Hard and soft acids and bases, HSAB, part 1: Fundamental principles (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHard and soft acids and bases, HSAB, part 1: Fundamental principlesRalph G. Pearson Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 9, 581Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1968Published inissue 1 September 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ed045p581RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views13152Altmetric-Citations1830LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
DNA sequence analysis by MALDI mass spectrometry (1998)

Conventional DNA sequencing is based on gel electrophoretic separation of the sequencing products. Gel casting and electrophoresis are the time limiting steps, and the gel separation is occasionally imperfect due to aberrant mobility of certain fragments, leading to erroneous sequence determination. Furthermore, illegitimately terminated products frequently cannot be distinguished from correctly terminated ones, a phenomenon that also obscures data interpretation. In the present work the use of MALDI mass spectrometry for sequencing of DNA amplified from clinical samples is implemented. The unambiguous and fast identification of deletions and substitutions in DNA amplified from heterozygous carriers realistically suggest MALDI mass spectrometry as a future alternative to conventional sequencing procedures for high throughput screening for mutations. Unique features of the method are demonstrated by sequencing a DNA fragment that could not be sequenced conventionally because of gel electrophoretic band compression and the presence of multiple non-specific termination products. Taking advantage of the accurate mass information provided by MALDI mass spectrometry, the sequence was deduced, and the nature of the non-specific termination could be determined. The method described here increases the fidelity in DNA sequencing, is fast, compatible with standard DNA sequencing procedures, and amenable to automation.
Impairment of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System by Protein Aggregation (2001)

Intracellular deposition of aggregated and ubiquitylated proteins is a prominent cytopathological feature of most neurodegenerative disorders. Whether protein aggregates themselves are pathogenic or are the consequence of an underlying molecular lesion is unclear. Here, we report that protein aggregation directly impaired the function of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Transient expression of two unrelated aggregation-prone proteins, a huntingtin fragment containing a pathogenic polyglutamine repeat and a folding mutant of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, caused nearly complete inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Because of the central role of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in regulating fundamental cellular events such as cell division and apoptosis, our data suggest a potential mechanism linking protein aggregation to cellular disregulation and cell death.
Elevation of Multiple Serum Markers in Patients With Stage I Ovarian Cancer (1993)

Elevation of one or more serum markers should be evaluated further as an indication for transvaginal sonography in apparently healthy women. Such a strategy might substantially reduce the expense and improve the specificity of screening compared to the use of ultrasound alone. Prospective studies with a large cohort of patients at high risk for ovarian cancer will be required to confirm these findings.
Stem cell research progress (2011)

This paper s the current development status and application of stem cells.We mainly introduces the totipotency and the differentiate types and methods of stem cells,and then,we compared the mice embryonic stem cells with human embryonic stem cells.We also and expatiates the the current situation of the development of multipotent stem cells and cancer stem cells.And we introduced the application drug selection and Regenerative Medicine of the stem cells and prospect it.
Exclusivity clauses and the fashion industry (2013)

The fashion industry is dynamic and unpredictable and provides creatively satisfying work for many designers. However there are countless challenges in such a competitive industry and understanding exclusivity clauses is an important step towards building a successful career as a fashion professional.
Role of tramadol in reducing pain on propofol injection. (2001)

Propofol is frequently associated with pain on injection. We evaluated the effect of tramadol in a randomised, double-blind study using a tourniquet venous retention technique. Normal saline placebo was given intravenously to patients in Group 1 (n = 30),tramadol 50 mg to Group 2 (n = 30), and lignocaine 50 mg to Group 3 (n = 30). The venous retention of drugs was maintained for 1 minute, followed by tourniquet release and intravenous administration of propofol. Pain assessment was made immediately after propofol injection. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of pain associated with propofol administration in patients pretreated with lignocaine and tramadol (P < 0.05). In addition, pretreatment with tramadol was as effective as lignocaine in reducing pain on propofol injection.
Multiple interacting sites regulate astrocyte-specific transcription of the human gene for glial fibrillary acidic protein. (1991)

The gfa gene encodes glial fibrillary acidic protein, an intermediate filament protein found almost exclusively in astrocytes. Transient transfection studies with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene were used to identify regions of the gfa gene responsible for its expression. Three regions, A, B, and D, were found to be important. The D region is located near the basal promoter, while A and B are next to each other about 1500 bp further upstream. The regions contain several sequences homologous to binding sites of known transcription factors, and in addition, each contains an identical novel 10-bp motif. The A, B, and D regions act in a cell-specific manner; when joined to the SV 40 early promoter, they enhance transcription in the glial cell line U251, but not in the nonglial cell line HepG2. Consistent with this observation, the DNase I footprint produced in these regions by nuclear extract from U251 cells differs from that produced by an extract from HepG2 cells. The B region appears to be the most active of the three, as by itself it stimulates strong cell-specific transcription, whereas addition of the other two regions has little effect. When the B region is at its normal distance from the basal promoter, deletion of D severely reduces transcription, but when B is placed near the promoter, D is unimportant. This suggests that the D region may function primarily to promote interactions that bring B close to the promoter.
Cloning of genetic loci involved in endoprotease activity in Streptomyces lividans 66: a novel neutral protease gene with an adjacent divergent putative regulatory gene (1992)

A skimmed-milk clearing assay was used to identify, in a multicopy Streptomyces lividans 66 genomic library, DNA fragments that lead to increased expression of protease activity in S. lividans 66. Three independent loci were identified. The majority class (slpA, which represented 68 of 71 clones) produced large zones of clearing. Two other classes (designated slpB and slpC) showed smaller zones than slpA. Subcloning and deletion analysis of the slpA locus delineated the relevant DNA to within a 2.5 kilobase pair fragment. DNA sequence analysis revealed a structural gene associated with the appearance of an extracellular protein in the culture medium. The derived amino acid sequence indicated the presence of a zinc-binding motif, which was previously noted to be characteristic of metalloprotease enzymes. However, the relatively small size of the protein (apparent molecular weight 20,000-24,000) suggests that it represents a novel class of neutral proteases distinct from the thermolysin-type enzymes. An adjacent divergent open reading frame was identified and shown to cause a significant increase in protease activity when present together with the protease structural gene on a multicopy plasmid in S. lividans 66. The derived amino acid sequence of this open reading frame showed homology with previously characterized regulatory proteins of the LysR family of transcriptional regulator proteins.
Heterogeneous Integration using the Silicon Interconnect Fabric (2018)

In the 70's, Amdahl proposed and then abandoned the concept of wafer scale integration to build a high-performance mainframe on a single silicon wafer. Recent developments in advanced packaging such as the Silicon Interconnect Fabric being worked on at UCLA, flexible electronics, three-dimensional integration allow us to revisit this concept with a very high probability of success. This talk will examine the technology, challenges, and architectural benefits of such systems for the heterogeneous integration of massively scaled-out high performance systems as well as physically flexible integration platforms for Medical applications.
Transformation of Bacillus thuringiensis by electroporation (1989)

A simple and reliable method of transforming Bacillus thuringiensis is described. This protocol, based on high-voltage electro-transformation (electroporation) in the presence of polyethylene glycol, allows introduction of plasmid DNA in most of the Bacillus thuringiensis strains tested. Efficiencies vary between 102 and 105 transformants per µg DNA, depending on the strain or the replicon used.
State transitions and physicochemical aspects of cryoprotection and stabilization in freeze-drying of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) (2008)

This study shows that physicochemical properties of protective media affect the stability of dehydrated cultures. Trehalose and lactose may be used in combination, which is particularly important for the stabilization of probiotic bacteria in dairy systems.
Derepression of the activity of genetically engineered heat shock factor causes constitutive synthesis of heat shock proteins and increased thermotolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis (1995)

ATHSF1 is a heat shock transcription factor (HSF) of Arabidopsis that is constitutively expressed but its activity for DNA binding, trimer formation and transcriptional activation of heat shock (hs) genes is repressed at normal temperatures. In this study the functional properties of chimeric HSF-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion proteins were tested. Ectopic expression of HSF-GUS or GUS-HSF in transgenic Arabidopsis plants resulted in a derepression of HSF functions as shown by trimer formation, specific DNA binding, and the constitutive expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) at normal temperature. A novel GUS activity-staining protocol was used to show the specific binding of trimeric HSF fusion proteins to DNA and following hs, an interaction between chimeric HSF-GUS and authentic HSF proteins. The chimeric HSFs were insensitive to the negative regulation that counteracts activation of the authentic HSF at normal temperature. Heterotrimer complexes were reconstituted in vitro from recombinant ATHSF1 and HSF-GUS proteins expressed in Escherichia coli and using this protocol, the temperature-dependent activation of wt HSF was monitored in vivo and in vitro. Transgenic plants expressing constitutively active HSF-GUS fusion proteins are also constitutive for HSPs. Approximately 20% of the maximum heat-inducible levels of HSP18 were already present at normal temperature. The level of basic thermotolerance was significantly enhanced in these plants. The results indicate that genetic engineering using protein fusion is a very effective means to derepress the activity of an important regulatory protein in plants, that consequently activates a constitutive hs response in the absence of heat stress and eventually alters the thermotolerance phenotype.
Production of a Single-Chain Fragment of the Murine Anti-Idiotypic Antibody ACA125 as Phage-Displayed and Soluble Antibody by Recombinant Phage Antibody Technique (1997)

The F(ab′)2 fragment of the murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody ACA125 mimicking the tumor-associated antigen CA125 is used as a vaccine for the induction of an anti-tumoral immunity in patients with ovarian carcinoma. We tried to generate a single-chain fragment (ScFv) composed of ACA125 heavy- and light-chain variable domains connected by a polypeptide linker as an alternative to the corresponding F(ab′)2 fragment. Heavy- and light-chain genes of antibody-producing mouse hybridoma cell line were amplified separately and assembled into a ScFv gene with linker DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The ScFv gene was ligated into the phagemid vector pCANTAB5E, which allows the production of both phage-displayed and soluble ScFv. Transformed Escherichia coli TG1 cells were infected with M13K07 helper phage to yield recombinant phage, which display ScFv fragments as a g3p fusion protein on the surface of the filamentous phage M13. Recombinant phages could be selected by binding to the idiotypic antibody OC125 after one round of panning and directly used to reinfect E. coli TG1 cells. The E. coli nonsuppressor strain HB2151 was infected with an antigen-positive phage clone, previously screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to express soluble ScFv fragments. Functional soluble ScFv binding to the idiotypic antibody OC125 F(ab′)2 could be detected in the bacterial periplasm by Western blot and ELISA. The variable heavy- and light-chain genes of the ACA125 ScFv fragment were further sequenced and compared with known antibody sequences.
Comparative Properties of Siloxane vs Phosphonate Monolayers on A Key Titanium Alloy (2004)

A direct comparison of surface loading, interface shear strength, and interface hydrolytic stability was made between a phosphonate and two siloxane monolayers formed on the native oxide surface of Ti-6Al-4V. Surface loading for the phosphonate was ca. four times greater (on a nanomole/area basis) than for the siloxanes; mechanical strengths per surface-bound molecule were comparable, but the hydrolytic stability (pH 7.5) of the siloxanes was poor. These results suggest that phosphonate monolayer interfaces are more desirable than comparable siloxane ones for applications where such interfaces contact even slightly alkaline water.
Global optimization of silicon photovoltaic cell front coatings (2009)

The front-coating (FC) of a solar cell controls its efficiency, determining admission of light into the absorbing material and potentially trapping light to enhance thin absorbers. Single-layer FC designs are well known, especially for thick absorbers where their only purpose is to reduce reflections. Multilayer FCs could improve performance, but require global optimization to design. For narrow bandwidths, one can always achieve nearly 100% absorption. For the entire solar bandwidth, however, a second FC layer improves performance by 6.1% for 256 microm wafer-based cells, or by 3.6% for 2 microm thin-film cells, while additional layers yield rapidly diminishing returns.
Challenges for the DRAM cell scaling to 40nm (2006)

This paper reviews the concepts, status and challenges for the DRAM scaling down to 40nm. The technologies that are discussed are the DRAM cell capacitor structures and materials, as well as the cell transistor structures
Expression of Foreign Proteins by Poliovirus Polyprotein Fusion: Analysis of Genetic Stability Reveals Rapid Deletions and Formation of Cardioviruslike Open Reading Frames (1998)

Using a strategy developed by R. Andino, D. Silvera, S. D. Suggett, P. I. Achacoso, C. J. Miller, D. Baltimore, and M. B. Feinberg (Science 265:1448-1451, 1994), we constructed recombinant polioviruses by fusing the open reading frame (ORF) of the green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) of Aequorea victoria or the gag gene (encoding p17-p24) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to the N terminus of the poliovirus polyprotein. All poliovirus expression vectors constructed by us and those obtained from Andino et al. were found to be severely impaired in viral replication and genetically unstable. Upon replication, inserted sequences were rapidly deleted as early as the first growth cycle in HeLa cells. However, the vector viruses did not readily revert to the wild-type sequence but rather retained some of the insert plus the artificial 3Cpro/3CDpro cleavage site, engineered between the heterologous sequence and the poliovirus polyprotein, to give rise to genotypes reminiscent of cardioviruses. These virus variants that carry a small leader polypeptide were now relatively stable, and they grew better than their progenitor strains. Reverse transcription followed by PCR and sequence analysis of the genomic RNAs reproducibly revealed a few preferred genotypes among the isolated deletion variants. The remaining truncated inserts were retained through subsequent passages. In the immediate vicinity of the deletion borders, we observed short direct sequence repeats that we propose are involved in aligning RNA strands for illegitimate (nonhomologous) RNA recombination during minus-strand synthesis. On the basis of our results, which are at variance with published data, the utility of poliovirus vectors to express proteins > 10 kDa in size through fusion with the polyprotein needs to be reevaluated.