gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulators (1988)

A new era is emerging in the therapy of rheumatic disease involving the use of biologically based immunomodulators. Cytokines, such as the interleukins and interferons, are proteins produced by activated lymphoid cells which can now be synthesised by genetic engineering techniques. These agents have already been used to correct "immune deficiencies" in patients with neoplastic and inflammatory disease e.g. gamma-interferon in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Monoclonal antibodies (mca) targeted against lymphocyte cell surface receptors or against autoantibodies have been successfully applied in human lymphoid malignancies, organ transplantation and in animal models of arthritis. Potential problems in man include the development of allergic reactions to mouse proteins and of antibody resistance. Although in its infancy, immunomodulation represents an exciting approach to the treatment of rheumatic disease.
Purification and characterization of apolipoprotein J. (1990)

Apolipoprotein J (apoJ), a unique 70-kDa component of high density lipoproteins in human plasma, consists of two disulfide-linked subunits designated apoJ alpha (34-36 kDa), and apoJ beta (36-39 kDa) which share pI values of 4.9-5.4 and which are recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 11. ApoJ and its subunits were purified to homogeneity from plasma by a combination of immunoaffinity chromatography, using mAb11 linked to Affi-Gel, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. ApoJ alpha and apoJ beta are both glycoproteins. When deglycosylated, the molecular mass of apoJ alpha is 24 kDa and that of apoJ beta is 28 kDa, suggesting that approximately 30% of the mass of each subunit is carbohydrate. The amino acid compositions of apoJ alpha and apoJ beta are very similar; however, the sequences of the first 30-amino acid residues are distinct. A comparison of peptide maps suggests that apoJ alpha and apoJ beta are not identical but share limited regions of homology. This possibility is supported by immunochemical data. Five additional mAb specific for apoJ were characterized. One of the mAb, like mAb11, reacts with both apoJ alpha and apoJ beta; the others react with apoJ alpha only. All mAb, including those which recognize both apoJ alpha and apoJ beta and those which recognize apoJ alpha only, immunoprecipitate a approximately 50-kDa protein synthesized from a liver mRNA template translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. We propose that the apoJ alpha and apoJ beta subunits, which have limited homology, are derived by proteolytic cleavage of a common precursor.
Vectorial electron injection into transparent semiconductor membranes and electric field effects on the dynamics of light-induced charge separation (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVectorial electron injection into transparent semiconductor membranes and electric field effects on the dynamics of light-induced charge separationBrian. O'Regan, Jacques. Moser, Marc. Anderson, and Michael. GraetzelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 24, 8720–8726Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100387a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100387a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3102Altmetric-Citations654LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL SPLINE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (PSFEM) TO FULLWAVE ANALYSIS OF WAVEGUIDES (2006)

In this paper, the physical spline finite element method (PSFEM) is applied to the fullwave analysis of inhomogeneous waveguides. Combining (rectangular) edge element and the PSFEM, the cubic spline interpolation is successfully applied to the wave equation. For waveguide problems, the resulting nonlinear eigenvalue problem is solved by a simple iteration method in which the initial estimate is taken as the linear Lagrange interpolation, and then the solutions are improved by a few iterations. The bandwidth of the resultant matrix from the PSFEM is the same as that of linear Lagrange interpolation and is sparse. As a result, sparse matrix solver can be used. Three typical examples are demonstrated and compared with the analytical solutions and with the linear Lagrange interpolation results. It is observed that the present method converges much faster than the Lagrange interpolation method.
Intensive care unit telemedicine: Alternate paradigm for providing continuous intensivist care (2000)

Technology-enabled remote care can be used to provide continuous ICU patient management and to achieve improved clinical and economic outcomes. This intervention's success suggests that remote care programs may provide a means of improving quality of care and reducing costs when on-site intensivist coverage is not available.
α 5 β 1 -Integrin controls ebolavirus entry by regulating endosomal cathepsins (2009)

Integrins are involved in the binding and internalization of both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses. By using 3 distinct cell systems-CHO cells lacking expression of alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin, HeLa cells treated with siRNA to alpha(5)-integrin, and mouse beta(1)-integrin knockout fibroblasts, we show that alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin is required for efficient infection by pseudovirions bearing the ebolavirus glycoprotein (GP). These integrins are necessary for viral entry but not for binding or internalization. Given the need for endosomal cathepsins B and L (CatB and CatL) to prime GPs for fusion, we investigated the status of CatB and CatL in integrin-positive and integrin-negative cell lines. Alpha(5)beta(1)-Integrin-deficient cells lacked the double-chain (DC) forms of CatB and CatL, and this correlated with decreased CatL activity in integrin-negative CHO cells. These data indicate that alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin-negative cells may be refractory to infection by GP pseudovirions because they lack the necessary priming machinery (the double-chain forms of CatB and CatL). In support of this model, we show that GP pseudovirions that have been preprimed in vitro to generate the 19-kDa form of GP overcome the requirement for alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin for infection. These results provide further support for the requirement for endosomal cathepsins for ebolavirus infection, identify the DC forms of these cathepsins as previously unrecognized factors that contribute to cell tropism of this virus, and reveal a previously undescribed role for integrins during viral entry as regulators of endosomal cathepsins, which are required to prime the entry proteins of ebolavirus and other pathogenic viruses.
An Approximate Model With Physically Interpretable Parameters for Representing Miscible Viscous Fingering (1988)

Summary An approximate viscous fingering model is derived with physically related parameters. Plausible assumptions are made about some limits on finger fluid mixing, and the use of a fingering function is suggested. It is shown that for the horizontal linear problem, a hyperbolic partial-differential equation governs the solvent fractional flow behavior. Satisfactory agreement with classic miscible displacement experiments is demonstrated for a reasonable choice of parameters. When gravity is introduced into the equation, the same model gives adequate agreement with the rate dependency observed in a vertical displacement experiment. Recommendations are made concerning extension of the model for use in three-dimensional (3D) compositional simulations.
The microprocessor today (1996)

Outlines technology and business issues in today's microprocessor industry. From their humble beginnings 25 years ago, microprocessors have proliferated into an astounding range of chips, powering devices ranging from telephones to supercomputers. Today, microprocessors for personal computers get widespread attention-and have enabled Intel to become the world's largest semiconductor maker. In addition, embedded microprocessors are at the heart of a diverse range of devices that have become staples of consumers worldwide. Microprocessors have become specialized in many ways. Those for desktop computers fall into classes based on their instruction set architectures: either x86, the primary surviving complex instruction set computing (CISC) architecture, or one of the five major reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architectures-PA-RISC, Mips, Spare, Alpha, and PowerPC. Such chips typically integrate few functions other than cache memory and bus interfaces with the processor but usually include a floating-point unit and memory management unit. Embedded microprocessors, on the other hand, typically do not have floating-point or memory management units but often integrate various peripheral functions with the processor to reduce system cost.
Novel α-Actinin 2 Variant Associated With Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Juvenile Atrial Arrhythmias (2014)

A targeted next-generation sequencing approach allowed the identification of a novel ACTN2 variant associated with midapical HCM and juvenile onset of atrial fibrillation, emphasizing the potential of such approach in HCM diagnostic screening.
On Raman spectra of water, its structure and dependence on temperature (2011)

Raman spectra of water within the temperature range 20 to 3 C were investigated. Best of all, the complex shape of the obtained spectra was approximated by four (or five) Gaussian-shaped peaks with their positions 3070, 3230, 3440, 3600 (and 3650) cm⁻¹. The most intensive constituents were 3230 and 3440 cm⁻¹ lines, their total contribution to the Raman spectrum of water is higher than 90%. These lines are the most sensitive to the temperature, too. When the temperature decreases from 20 down to 3 C, the positions of these peaks were shifted from 3232 to 3224 cm⁻¹ and from 3441 to 3434 cm⁻¹, respectively; and the intensity of 3230 cm–1 line was increased approximately by 14% in its magnitude
Development of neuroendocrine tumors in the gastrointestinal tract of transgenic mice. Heterogeneity of hormone expression. (1990)

Expression of hormones in endocrine tumors and derived cell lines of transgenic mice carrying insulin-promoted oncogenes has been investigated by histochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and radioimmunologic means. Tumors of the pancreas, small intestine, mesentery, and liver were examined. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were prevalent in pancreatic tumors, with a significant subpopulation of pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive elements. Conventional ultrastructural and immunogold analysis identified insulin-storing beta granules in pancreatic tumor cells. In contrast, the largest immunoreactive subpopulation of intestinal tumors expressed secretin (53% of total cells), followed by proglucagon-related peptides (15%), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (7%), gastrin (7%), pancreatic polypeptide (2%), neurotensin (2%), and somatostatin (1%). No detectable immunoreactivity for either insulin or serotonin was observed. Electron microscopy and immunogold labeling showed that intestinal tumor cells contained secretin-storing S-type granules. Lymph node and liver tumors contained secretin-immunoreactive cells with ultrastructural features similar to those of intestinal tumors. In addition, high levels of circulating insulinlike and secretinlike immunoreactants were detectable. Analogous hormone profiles were identified in tumor cell lines and culture media. Large T-antigen immunoreactivity was detected in all the nuclei of neoplastic cells, as well as in insulin-immunoreactive elements of non-neoplastic islets and pancreatic ducts and in some secretin-immunoreactive cells of small intestinal mucosa. These data indicate that neuroendocrine tumors arise both in beta cell and S-cell subpopulations of transgenic mice.
Inhibition of the adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to epithelial cells by IgG subclass antibodies (1993)

A beneficial role of the antibody response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa seen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has not been established. We investigated a possible role for these antibodies as inhibitors of the adherence of P. aeruginosa to mammalian cells. An adhesion model system was used, employing buccal epithelial cells in an enzyme-labelled immunoassay procedure on microtitration plates. Total levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and the four IgG subclasses were estimated in 11 CF patients and 10 healthy controls. Most of the CF patients demonstrated increased levels of all these immunoglobulin types. Sera from seven patients with elevated serum IgG were observed to cause greater inhibition of the adherence of P. aeruginosa to buccal cells than were the sera from four CF patients with low serum IgG and from ten healthy controls. Nevertheless, the levels of individual anti-P. aeruginosa IgG subclass antibodies varied amongst the patients and did not correlate with the degree of inhibition of bacterial adherence. Negative affinity chromatography was used to obtain antibody fractions enriched for IgG1, IgG2 or IgG4 and protein A-sepharose chromatography was used to isolate IgG3 antibodies from CF patients. The IgG1-, IgG2-, or IgG4-enriched fractions similarly inhibited the adherence of P. aeruginosa in the test system, whereas three of five IgG3-enriched fractions from CF patients had no greater effect on adhesion than did IgG from control individuals.
Preliminary Observations of Oral Nicotine Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Open-Label Phase I-Ii Study of Tolerance (2005)

Oral nicotine is a safe potential treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, but there is considerable variation in tolerance.
Structure of a novel lipid from the antibiotic diumycin (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of a novel lipid from the antibiotic diumycinWilliam A. Slusarchyk, Judith A. Osband, and Frank L. WeisenbornCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 14, 4486–4488Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00717a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00717a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Open-tubular liquid chromatography with surfactant-enhanced electroosmotic flow (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOpen-tubular liquid chromatography with surfactant-enhanced electroosmotic flowWilliam D. Pfeffer and Edward S. YeungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 20, 2178–2182Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00219a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00219a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reconstituted high density lipoprotein enriched with the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (2005)

The polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AMB) is an effective antifungal agent whose therapeutic potential is limited by poor aqueous solubility and toxicity toward host tissues. Addition of apolipoprotein A-I to a multilamellar phospholipid vesicle dispersion containing 20% (w/w) AMB induces the formation of reconstituted high density lipoprotein (rHDL), with solubilization of the antibiotic. Density gradient ultracentrifugation resulted in flotation of the complexes to a density of 1.16 g/ml, and negative stain electron microscopy revealed a population of disk-shaped particles. Native gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated a particle diameter of approximately 8.5 nm. Absorbance spectroscopy provided evidence for AMB integration into the lipid milieu. AMB-rHDLs were potent inhibitors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth, yielding 90% growth inhibition at <1 microg/ml yeast culture. In studies with pathogenic fungal species, similar growth inhibition characteristics were observed. Compared with AMB-deoxycholate micelles, AMB-rHDL displayed greatly attenuated red blood cell hemolytic activity and decreased toxicity toward cultured hepatoma cells. In in vivo studies in immunocompetent mice, AMB-rHDLs were nontoxic at 10 mg/kg, and they showed efficacy in a mouse model of candidiasis at concentrations as low as 0.25 mg/kg. These results indicate that AMB-rHDLs constitute a novel formulation that effectively solubilizes the antibiotic and elicits strong in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity with no observed toxicity at therapeutic doses.
Cloning of the genes for AF/R1 pili from rabbit enteroadherent Escherichia coli RDEC-1 and DNA sequence of the major structural subunit (1990)

AF/R1 pili on the surface of Escherichia coli RDEC-1 promote attachment of the bacteria to rabbit intestinal brush borders. In order to characterize AF/R1 pili and manipulate their expression, we cloned the genes necessary for AF/R1 expression; determined the size of proteins produced in minicells; located the gene encoding the major structural subunit, named AfrA; and determined the DNA sequence of afrA as well as the sequence of 700 additional nucleotides upstream of afrA. Two contiguous EcoRI fragments spanning 7.9 kilobases were cloned from the 86-megadalton plasmid of RDEC-1 into vector pUC19 to make plasmid pW1. Bacteria carrying pW1 produced AF/R1 pili that were recognized by AF/R1-specific antiserum and promoted adherence of bacteria to brush borders prepared from rabbit intestine. Proteins with a molecular weight of 17,000 (17K proteins), which was the size of AfrA, as well as 15K, 15.5K, 26K, 28K, and 80K proteins were detected in minicells carrying pW1. The gene afrA was located by using an oligonucleotide probe, and its DNA sequence was determined. The DNA sequence of 700 additional nucleotides upstream was determined because this sequence may be important in the regulation of AF/R1 expression.
An analytical model for ovarian follicle dynamics (1976)

Differential counts of follicles of different sizes in the ovaries of intact and hypophysectomized strain A mice of various ages have been analysed statistically. The influence of age on the number of follicles in each size group is described. The number of small follicles in the ovarian pool declined exponentially, whereas numbers of follicles in other groups displayed two peaks, one during immaturity and the other in adult life. These appeared sequentially in follicles in successive groups. The proportion of follicles growing and dying was estimated and age dependent fluctuations in the time spent by follicles in each group were demonstrated. Further calculations then determined the mean inflow and outflow of follicles to and from the various groups throughout the lifespan. Hypophysectomy during post-puberty decreased only slightly the utilization of small follicles from the pool and did not prevent their subsequent development to the two-layered stage. Many follicles then died at this stage of development, indicating that the initial main site of gonadotrophic action may be on medium sized follicles with two layers of granulosa cells.
Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Quantitation of Peptides Presented on the MHC II Molecules of Mouse Spleen Dendritic Cells (2011)

Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules are expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and display short bound peptide fragments derived from self- and nonself antigens. These peptide-MHC complexes function to maintain immunological tolerance in the case of self-antigens and initiate the CD4(+) T cell response in the case of foreign proteins. Here we report the application of LC-MS/MS analysis to identify MHC II peptides derived from endogenous proteins expressed in freshly isolated murine splenic DCs. The cell number was enriched in vivo upon treatment with Flt3L-B16 melanoma cells. In a typical experiment, starting with about 5 × 10(8) splenic DCs, we were able to reliably identify a repertoire of over 100 MHC II peptides originating from about 55 proteins localized in membrane (23%), intracellular (26%), endolysosomal (12%), nuclear (14%), and extracellular (25%) compartments. Using synthetic isotopically labeled peptides corresponding to the sequences of representative bound MHC II peptides, we quantified by LC-MS relative peptide abundance. In a single experiment, peptides were detected in a wide concentration range spanning from 2.5 fmol/μL to 12 pmol/μL or from approximately 13 to 2 × 10(5) copies per DC. These peptides were found in similar amounts on B cells where we detected about 80 peptides originating from 55 proteins distributed homogenously within the same cellular compartments as in DCs. About 90 different binding motifs predicted by the epitope prediction algorithm were found within the sequences of the identified MHC II peptides. These results set a foundation for future studies to quantitatively investigate the MHC II repertoire on DCs generated under different immunization conditions.