gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint Frequency Offset Estimation and Interference Cancellation for MIMO-OFDM Systems (2004)

Abstract — Synchronization and equalization in wireless multiuser MIMO-OFDM (multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) systems is important for next generation wireless communication. This paper proposes a new algorithm for joint frequency offset estimation and equalizer training for the uplink of a multi-user MIMO-OFDM system where each user employs spatial multiplexing. A new two-stage receiver structure is adopted, which consists of an initial spacetime equalization for suppressing the co-channel interference (CCI), shortening the channel, and mitigating asynchronicity followed by parallel equalization and detection in the frequency domain. The effects of frequency offset for each transmit data stream can be adjusted after the space-time equalization. Simulations show good performance in terms of bit error rate, and mean square error for the frequency offset estimation. I.
Management of Skin Rash during egfr-Targeted Monoclonal Antibody Treatment for Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Canadian Recommendations (2009)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often overexpressed or dysregulated in a variety of solid tumours, including gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. Agents targeting the EGFR-mediated signalling pathway are increasingly part of the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of advanced lung, head-and-neck, and colorectal carcinoma. The EGFR inhibitors (EGFRIS) approved in Canada include the tyrosine kinase inhibitors erlotinib and gefitinib (in selected cases), and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) panitumumab and cetuximab. Although EGFRIS have been proven effective in the treatment of a variety of malignancies, the entire class of agents is associated with a high prevalence of dermatologic side effects, most commonly skin rash. This reversible condition requires intervention in approximately one third of patients. A proactive, multidisciplinary approach to management can help to improve skin rash and optimize clinical outcomes by preventing EGFRI dose reduction or discontinuation. In addition, effective management and patient education may help to alleviate the significant social and emotional anxiety related to this manageable side effect, thus resulting in improved quality of life. The present article focuses on EGFR-targeted mAbs for the treatment of gi malignancy, addressing the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and incidence of skin rash caused by this class of agents. Recommendations aimed at establishing a framework for consistent, proactive management of skin rash in the Canadian setting are presented.
Effects of harmonic terminations on power and efficiency of GaAs HBT power amplifiers at 900 MHz (1991)

Investigates and discusses the effects of harmonic termination impedances on the collector efficiency of GaAs HBTs for use in power amplifiers at 900 MHz. Collector efficiency is shown, by experiment, to vary by 38% points as harmonic terminations at both input and output are varied. An optimum collector efficiency (870 MHz) of 78% with an associated power gain of 12 dB is reported for a 100 mu m emitter length HBT at an RF output power density of 1.6 W/(mm emitter length) when 2nd and 3rd harmonics are terminated in short and open circuits respectively at both input and output.
Optical pattern recognition using multiple phase-shifted-reference fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation (2008)

We propose a novel optical pattern recognition system using multiple phase-shifted-reference fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation (MRFJTC) techniques. The MRFJTC algorithm can efficiently detect an object of interest in the input scene by producing a highly distinctive correlation peak while rejecting any and all nontarget objects in a complex background. The simple architecture of the proposed system can simultaneously recognize multiple targets of the reference class when present. The recognition performance is fast, automatic, and invariant to noise and distortions.
MiR-26b/KPNA2 axis inhibits epithelial ovarian carcinoma proliferation and metastasis through downregulating OCT4 (2015)

Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) is a nuclear transport protein upregulated in many cancers. Our previous study has identified KPNA2 overexpression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) tissues, which predicts poor prognosis. However, the mechanism of KPNA2 overexpression in EOC remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the role of miRNA in KPNA2 dysregulation. Our results showed that miR-26b was downregulated in EOC samples, and correlated inversely with KPNA2 expression. Low expression of miR-26b was associated with advanced FIGO stage, poor differentiation, higher risk of distant metastasis and recurrence. Downregulation of miR-26b predicted poor disease-free survival and overall survival in EOC patients. KPNA2 was validated as a direct target of miR-26b. Knockdown of KPNA2 or ectopic expression of miR-26b could downregulate OCT4, vimentin and upregulate E-cadherin. Reintroduction of KPNA2 partially abrogated the suppression effect induced by miR-26b. We further verified that miR-26b/KPNA2/OCT4 axis inhibited EOC cell viability, migratory ability and sphere-forming capacity in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our results reveal that miR-26b is downregulated in EOC, and directly targets KPNA2. miR-26b/KPNA2 axis suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis through decreasing OCT4 expression, which is indicative of the important role of miR-26b/KPNA2/OCT4 axis in EOC carcinogenesis and progression.
Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing Platform Based on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide (2009)

In this paper, the characterization and application of a chemically reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon (CR-GO/GC) electrode, a novel electrode system, for the preparation of electrochemical sensing and biosensing platform are proposed. Different kinds of important inorganic and organic electroactive compounds (i.e., probe molecule (potassium ferricyanide), free bases of DNA (guanine (G), adenine (A), thymine (T), and cytosine (C)), oxidase/dehydrogenase-related molecules (hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)), neurotransmitters (dopamine (DA)), and other biological molecules (ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), and acetaminophen (APAP)) were employed to study their electrochemical responses at the CR-GO/GC electrode, which shows more favorable electron transfer kinetics than graphite modified glassy carbon (graphite/GC) and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. The greatly enhanced electrochemical reactivity of the four free bases of DNA at the CR-GO/GC electrode compared with that at graphite/GC and GC electrodes makes the CR-GO/GC electrode a better choice for the electrochemical biosensing of four DNA bases in both the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) at physiological pH without a prehydrolysis step. This allows us to detect a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site for short oligomers with a particular sequence at the CR-GO/GC electrode without any hybridization or labeling processes in this work, suggesting the potential applications of CR-GO in the label-free electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization or DNA damage for further research. Based on the greatly enhanced electrochemical reactivity of H2O2 and NADH at the CR-GO/GC electrode, CR-GO/GC electrode-based bioelectrodes (in connection with glucose oxidase (GOD) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)) show a better analytical performance for the detection of glucose and ethanol compared with graphite/GC- or GC-based bioelectrodes. By comparing the electrochemical performance of CR-GO with that of the conventional graphite and GC, we reveal that CR-GO with the nature of a single sheet showing favorable electrochemical activity should be a kind of more robust and advanced carbon electrode material which may hold great promise for electrochemical sensors and biosensors design.
A comprehensive evaluation of the heparin–manganese precipitation procedure for estimating high density lipoprotein cholesterol (1978)

The accurate quantitation of high density lipoproteins has recently assumed greater importance in view of studies suggesting their negative correlation with coronary heart disease. High density lipoproteins may be estimated by measuring cholesterol in the plasma fraction of d > 1.063 g/ml. A more practical approach is the specific precipitation of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins by sulfated polysaccharides and divalent cations, heparin-Mn(2+) being the most commonly used combination. The present heparin-Mn(2+) procedure was found to be reasonably specific and not often subject to large errors; however, 9% (primarily hypertriglyceridemic samples) of the 966 plasma samples treated with heparin-Mn(2+) had obvious supernatant turbidity, indicating incomplete sedimentation of apoB-associated lipoproteins. Furthermore, 48% of the nonturbid supernates contained more than 1 mg/dl (mean 2.5 mg/dl) of apoB-associated cholesterol when measured by a radial immunodiffusion procedure, indicating slight overestimation of HDL cholesterol. Determination of the extent of the unprecipitated apoB-associated lipoproteins by sensitive radioimmunoassay and of the amount of precipitated high density lipoprotein by radial immunodiffusion assay of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II at various heparin and Mn(2+) concentrations indicated that the usual heparin level (approximately 1.3 mg/ml) was adequate. However, a twofold increase in Mn(2+) concentration to 0.092 M improved precipitation of the apoB-associated lipoproteins without excessive precipitation of high density lipoprotein from plasma. This increased Mn(2+) level also provided improved sedimentation of the apoB-associated lipoproteins from hypertriglyceridemic plasma. Additional observations suggested that, for convenience, the heparin and Mn(2+) can be added simultaneously as a combined reagent, that samples can be incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature before centrifugation, and that turbid supernates from hypertriglyceridemic samples can usually be made free of apoB-associated lipoproteins by centrifugation at 12,000 g for 10 minutes.
Abatacept in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

Abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) is a new agent which targets T-cell activation, an event which is thought to be critical to the onset and maintenance of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Abatacept now has substantial evidence from phase III trials for efficacy in patients with RA who have failed to respond to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and antitumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) biologic agents. Safety profile is favorable in combination with DMARDs. The mechanism of action and available evidence of its efficacy and safety are reviewed in this article.
Synthesis of some substituted dibenzodiazepinones and pyridobenzodiazepinones (1998)

Abstract Some fluoro‐ and iodo‐derivative of 5‐[[4‐[(4‐diisobutylamino)butyl]‐1‐phenyl]acetyl]‐10,11‐dihydro‐5 H ‐dibenzo[ b,e ][1,4]diazepin‐1l‐one and 11‐[[4‐[(dialkylamino)butyl]‐1‐phenyl]acetyl]‐5,11‐dihydro‐6 H ‐pyrido[2,3‐ b ][1,4]benzodiazepin‐6‐ones 6 (Scheme 1) and their analogues were synthesized. The synthesis of dibenzodiazepinones 1 (Scheme 1) is based on the reaction between 1,4‐phenylenediamine and substituted benzoic acids. The intermediate pyridobenzodiazepinones 3 (Scheme 1) were prepared by condensation of 2‐chloro‐3‐aminopyridine with methyl anthranilate and its chlorine derivative. The condensation of 4‐[(halo)alkyl]phenylacetyl chloride with dibenzodiazepinones and pyridobenzodiazepinones followed by the reaction of mono‐ or dialkyl‐ or dialkenylamine provides 6 (Scheme 1).
Systematic review of pharmacological treatments in fragile X syndrome (2009)

Currently there is no robust evidence to support recommendations on pharmacological treatments in patients with FXS in general or in those with an additional diagnosis of ADHD or autism.
Thrombin inhibition enhances tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced thrombolysis and delays reocclusion (1992)

The objectives of this study were to test the hypotheses that thrombin inhibitors 1) enhance tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA)-induced coronary thrombolysis and 2) prevent or delay coronary artery reocclusion. Seventy-one dogs developed occlusive coronary thrombi after introducing a copper coil into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Coronary blood flows were monitored by an externally positioned pulsed Doppler flow probe. t-PA was given with or without heparin at different times after LAD occlusions. In some experiments, hirugen, a synthetic hirudin-based peptide and specific thrombin inhibitor, was given as 4 mg/kg i.v. bolus and 3 mg.kg-1.h-1 i.v. infusion at 30 min after LAD occlusion with t-PA and a bolus of heparin. Thrombolysis times were significantly shorter in t-PA- and heparin-treated dogs than in dogs treated with t-PA alone. Reocclusion times were significantly longer in t-PA- and heparin-treated dogs than in dogs treated with t-PA alone. Continuous heparin infusions prolonged reocclusion times to greater than 180 min in all treated dogs. The addition of hirugen to t-PA plus one bolus heparin prolonged reocclusion times to 90 +/- 6 min in dogs with 30-min thrombi. Thus heparin enhances t-PA-induced thrombolysis and delays reocclusion. Addition of a specific thrombin inhibitor, such as hirugen, to heparin enhances its effect on delaying reocclusion.
An analysis of randomized trials evaluating the effect of cholesterol reduction on total mortality and coronary heart disease incidence. (1990)

The primary aim of this study was to estimate the relation between cholesterol reduction and total mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence. Secondarily, the clinical issues of whether the efficacy of cholesterol lowering is dependent on the treatment modality, presence of CHD at baseline, or the simultaneous introduction of other interventions was explored. All randomized clinical intervention trials of cholesterol reduction were used in an overview analysis of total mortality rate and CHD incidence; analysis was performed with weighted linear regression. The trials include those that used primary and secondary intervention, diet and drugs, and single or multifactor design. Nineteen trials were analyzed for total mortality, and of the 19, 16 were analyzed for CHD incidence rate. Net difference in cholesterol change between study groups was used as the independent variable, and the three previously mentioned dichotomous design characteristics were used as additional independent variables. For every 1% reduction in cholesterol, an estimated 2.5% reduction in CHD incidence is indicated (95% CL: 1.1, 3.9). With regard to CHD drug trials tended toward better efficiency in cholesterol lowering than did dietary trials. With regard to total mortality, this efficiency was higher in secondary than in primary preventive trials. The efficiency was also somewhat dependent on the baseline cholesterol level. This study shows that cholesterol reduction is effective in lowering CHD incidence, but cholesterol reduction must be at least 8-9% to be effective in lowering total mortality.
Fluorescence Polarization Binding Assay forAspergillus fumigatusVirulence Factor UDP-Galactopyranose Mutase (2011)

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human pathogenic fungus responsible for deadly lung infections in immunocompromised individuals. Galactofuranose (Galf) residues are essential components of the cell wall and play an important role in A. fumigatus virulence. The flavoenzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM) catalyzes the isomerization of UDP-galactopyranose to UDP-galactofuranose, the biosynthetic precursor of Galf. Thus, inhibitors of UGM that block the biosynthesis of Galf can lead to novel chemotherapeutics for treating A. fumigatus-related diseases. Here, we describe the synthesis of fluorescently labeled UDP analogs and the development of a fluorescence polarization (FP) binding assay for A. fumigatus UGM (AfUGM). High-affinity binding to AfUGM was only obtained with the chromophore TAMRA, linked to UDP by either 2 or 6 carbons with K(d) values of 2.6 ± 0.2 μM and 3.0 ± 0.7 μM, respectively. These values were ~6 times lower than when UDP was linked to fluorescein. The FP assay was validated against several known ligands and displayed an excellent Z' factor (0.79 ± 0.02) and good tolerance to dimethyl sulfoxide.
Analytical Modelling of Voltage Balance Dynamics for a Flying Capacitor Multilevel Converter (2007)

This paper presents a strategy for the analytic determination of the natural voltage balancing dynamics of flying capacitor converters. The approach substitutes Double Fourier series representations of the PWM switching signals into a nonlinear dynamic circuit model of the converter. The result reduces to a linearised state space model that can be readily solved, with the Fourier solution coefficients defining the state space matrix terms. The solution can be readily developed for converters of any level, and allows rapid analytical investigation of the dynamic (and static) balancing behaviour over a wide range of conditions. Furthermore, the approach allows powerful strategies such as root locus to be used to investigate the converter's performance as a function of changes in parameters such as modulation index and load. The analysis approach has been fully verified by comparing it against experimental results on a low voltage prototype converter.
The p53-dependent G1 cell cycle checkpoint pathway and ataxia-telangiectasia. (1994)

The p53 protein is a critical participant in a signal transduction pathway which mediates a G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in mammalian cells after ionizing irradiation. Cells from patients with the cancer-prone, radiation-sensitive disorder, ataxia-telangiectasia (AT), exhibit suboptimal (delayed and/or defective) induction of p53 protein after ionizing radiation with some dependence on dose. Other protein products which participate in this signal transduction pathway, including p21WAF1/CIP1, Gadd45, and Mdm2, are also suboptimally induced in AT cells after ionizing radiation. Induction of p53 is also abnormal in AT cells following treatment with methylmethanesulfonate and bleomycin but appears relatively normal following treatment with UV-C irradiation or the topoisomerase inhibitors, etoposide and camptothecin. These results demonstrate a specific defect in this p53-dependent signal transduction pathway in AT cells. Potential models for this observed specificity of the AT defect as measured by p53 induction include problems with responses to: (a) single-strand, but not double-strand, DNA breaks; or (b) chemically, but not enzymatically, generated DNA ends.
A simple statistical model of partial erasure in thin film disk recording systems (1991)

A simple statistical model of the partial erasure effect in metallic thin-film recording is given. Experimental data are shown and used to determine a fundamental parameter of the micromagnetic structure of the medium. This single parameter determines the extent of erasure at any transition separation. Since it has no (first-order) dependence on the rate of zigzags, it is anticipated that it will be relatively independent of the transition noise amplitude of the medium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Variability of anti-GBM binding in hereditary nephritis. (1981)

Anti-GBM staining by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy was performed on renal biopsies from 64 patients with a variety of diseases in which no in vivo bound immunoglobulin or complement components were identified by direct immunofluorescence microscopy. The glomeruli of all of the entities examined bound anti-GBM antibodies except for four of nine cases of hereditary nephritis of the Alport-type. The absence of anti-GBM staining was found to correlate with the severity of GBM splitting identified by electron microscopy.
Suturing in confined spaces: constrained motion control of a hybrid 8-DoF robot (2005)

We present our work on developing and testing the high-level control for a future telerobotic system for minimally invasive surgery of the throat and upper airways. As a test-bed for these experiments, we used a hybrid 8 degrees-of-freedom (DoF) experimental robot composed of a six DoF robot and a two DoF snake-like unit. The kinematics and weighted redundancy resolution to support suturing in confined spaces, such as the throat, is developed and experimental validation in presented. The kinematics of the hybrid system is described in an 8-dimensional augmented vector space composed from the joint variables of the six DoF robot and two angles describing the configuration of the snake-like unit. Then a weighted, multi objective, optimization framework is used to perform the suturing operation under the assumption of a predefined suture geometry while satisfying joint limits, torque constraints, and minimizing extraneous motions of the system joints
‘Protected DNA Probes’ capable of strong hybridization without removal of base protecting groups (2008)

We propose a new strategy called the 'Protected DNA Probes (PDP) method' in which appropriately protected bases selectively bind to the complementary bases without the removal of their base protecting groups. Previously, we reported that 4-N-acetylcytosine oligonucleotides (ac(4)C) exhibited a higher hybridization affinity for ssDNA than the unmodified oligonucleotides. For the PDP strategy, we created a modified adenine base and synthesized an N-acylated deoxyadenosine mimic having 6-N-acetyl-8-aza-7-deazaadenine (ac(6)az(8)c(7)A). It was found that PDP containing ac(4)C and ac(6)az(8)c(7)A exhibited higher affinity for the complementary ssDNA than the corresponding unmodified DNA probes and showed similar base recognition ability. Moreover, it should be noted that this PDP strategy could guarantee highly efficient synthesis of DNA probes on controlled pore glass (CPG) with high purity and thereby could eliminate the time-consuming procedures for isolating DNA probes. This strategy could also avoid undesired base-mediated elimination of DNA probes from CPG under basic conditions such as concentrated ammonia solution prescribed for removal of base protecting groups in the previous standard approach. Here, several successful applications of this strategy to single nucleotide polymorphism detection are also described in detail using PDPs immobilized on glass plates and those prepared on CPG plates, suggesting its potential usefulness.