gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Close to Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis and Percutaneous Transluminal Treatment (2011)

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the management of arterial stenosis located close to the allograft anastomosis (close-TRAS). Materials and Methods. 31 patients with renal transplants were admitted to our institution because of persistent hypertension and impairment of transplant renal function and underwent angiography for vascular investigation. 27 were diagnosed suffering from transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS), whereas 4 had severe iliac artery stenosis proximal to the transplant anastomosis (Prox-TRAS). 3 cases of TRAS coexisted with segmental renal arterial stenosis, whereas 3 other cases of TRAS were caused by kinking and focal stenosis in the middle of the transplanted renal artery. Results. Angioplasty and stenting were successfully applied to all patients with iliac artery stenosis as well as to those with TRAS and segmental artery stenosis. Two of three patients with kinking were well treated with angioplasty and stenting, whereas one treated only with angioplasty necessitated surgery. No major procedure-related complications appeared, and the result was decrease of the serum creatinine level and of the blood pressure. Conclusions. PTA is the appropriate initial treatment of TRAS and close-TRAS, with low morbidity and mortality rates, achieving improvement of graft function and amelioration of hypertension.
Deriving intrinsic images from image sequences (2002)

Intrinsic images are a useful midlevel description of scenes proposed by H.G. Barrow and J.M. Tenenbaum (1978). An image is de-composed into two images: a reflectance image and an illumination image. Finding such a decomposition remains a difficult problem in computer vision. We focus on a slightly, easier problem: given a sequence of T images where the reflectance is constant and the illumination changes, can we recover T illumination images and a single reflectance image? We show that this problem is still imposed and suggest approaching it as a maximum-likelihood estimation problem. Following recent work on the statistics of natural images, we use a prior that assumes that illumination images will give rise to sparse filter outputs. We show that this leads to a simple, novel algorithm for recovering reflectance images. We illustrate the algorithm's performance on real and synthetic image sequences.
Inhibition of endogenous hydrogen sulfide formation reduces the organ injury caused by endotoxemia (2005)

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a naturally occurring gaseous transmitter, which may play important roles in normal physiology and disease. Here, we investigated the role of H2S in the organ injury caused by severe endotoxemia in the rat. Male Wistar rats were subjected to acute endotoxemia (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 6 mg kg(-1) intravenously (i.v.) for 6 h) and treated with vehicle (saline, 1 ml kg(-1) i.v.) or DL-propargylglycine (PAG, 10-100 mg kg(-1) i.v.), an inhibitor of the H2S-synthesizing enzyme cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE). PAG was administered either 30 min prior to or 60 min after the induction of endotoxemia. Endotoxemia resulted in circulatory failure (hypotension and tachycardia) and an increase in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (markers for hepatic injury), lipase (indicator of pancreatic injury) and creatine kinase (indicator of neuromuscular injury). In the liver, endotoxemia induced a significant increase in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and in the expression and activity of the H2S-synthesizing enzymes CSE and cystathionine-beta-synthase. Administration of PAG either prior to or after the injection of LPS dose-dependently reduced the hepatocellular, pancreatic and neuromuscular injury caused by endotoxemia, but not the circulatory failure. Pretreatment of rats with PAG abolished the LPS-induced increase in the MPO activity and in the formation of H2S and in the liver. These findings support the view that an enhanced formation of H2S contributes to the pathophysiology of the organ injury in endotoxemia. We propose that inhibition of H2S synthesis may be a useful therapeutic strategy against the organ injury associated with sepsis and shock.
High Sensitive and Wide Detecting Range MOS Tunneling Temperature Sensors for On-Chip Temperature Detection (2004)

This paper examined the feasibility of applying a highly sensitive metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) tunneling temperature sensor, which was compatible with current CMOS technology. As the sensor was biased positively at a constant voltage, the gate current increased more than 500 times when the sensor was heated from 20/spl deg/C to 110/spl deg/C. However, when the sensor was biased at a constant-current situation, its gate voltage magnitude changed significantly with substrate temperature, with a sensitivity exceeding -2 V//spl deg/C. The improvement of temperature sensitivity in this paper is one thousand times over the sensitivity of a conventional p-n junction, i.e., namely, about -2 mV//spl deg/C. Regarding a temperature sensor array, this paper proposes a method using gate current gain, rather than absolute gate current, to eliminate the gate current discrepancy among sensors. For constant current operation, a sensitivity exceeding 10 V//spl deg/C can be obtained if the current level is suitable. Finally, this paper demonstrates a real temperature distribution for on-chip detection. With such a high temperature-sensitive sensor, accurate temperature detection can be incorporated into common CMOS circuits.
A search for peptide ligase: cosolvent-mediated conversion of proteases to esterases for irreversible synthesis of peptides (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA search for peptide ligase: cosolvent-mediated conversion of proteases to esterases for irreversible synthesis of peptidesCarlos F. Barbas, Jose R. Matos, J. Blair. West, and Chi Huey. WongCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 15, 5162–5166Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00223a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00223a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views411Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Error bounds for error diffusion and other mathematical problems arising in digital halftoning</title> (1999)

The aim of this paper is to present a mathematical discussion of some aspects of digital printing, and other related problems such as analog/digital data conversion. In particular, we present results on the boundedness of the errors generated by error diffusion (and related) algorithms, and discuss the relationship between some of the mathematical questions arising in digital printing and some classical mathematical problems such as symbolic dynamics, the chairman assignment problem, and coding theory.
A Device to Cut Bulk Modules of Tree Prunings (1985)

A device to cut bulk modules of tree prunings was developed as part of a harvesting system for prunings. The complete harvesting system includes a modified cotton module builder, module transporter, tub grinder, and the module cutter. Modules of tree prunings made with a heavy duty module builder are cut into two or three sections with the module cutter. Module sections are then loaded into the tub grinder to produce marketable biomass products such as boiler fuel, mushroom compost, and others. The development of the module cutting device was a key link in the overall system. A full size prototype module cutter was designed, fabricated, and field tested. The forklift mounted machine consists of a C shaped rectangular frame 2.4 m high and 3 m long, open at the bottom, with a continuous tensioned saw chain driven around the inner periphery. The hydraulically driven saw chain is unsupported along the lower, cutting span. Two 3 m long forks mounted on an auxiliary mast of the forklift are used to lift the module and separate the cut to avoid chain binding and facilitate removal of the chain after cutting. Field tests over two pruning seasons indicated the machine would make a minimum of 11 cuts/h for a cost of $2.77/t ($2.51/ton) of wood. The actual performance was within the design specifications of the cutter.
PECULIAR IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF BONE MARROW ALLOGRAFTS (1971)

F(1) hybrid mice are capable of rejecting inbred parental strain bone marrow grafts after a single lethal exposure to X-rays. The incompatibility is genetically controlled by the Hybrid-histocompatibility-1 (Hh-1) locus in or near the D end of the Histocompatibility-2 (H-2) region. The onset of parental graft rejection begins 9-12 hr after transplantation and is completed by 24 hr. Maturation of hybrid resistance does not occur until the 22nd day of life. In adults, the resistance to parental marrow grafts can be temporarily abrogated or weakened by administration of cyclophosphamide or dead cultures of Corynebacterium parvum, acute supralethal exposures to radiation, or by split-dose irradiation with 6-37-day intervals. Parental marrow grafts elicit a transplantation reaction in irradiated F(1) mice which is indistinguishable from that elicited in irradiated allogeneic (H-2-incompatible) hosts. Because of this immunogenetic similarity, the following question is raised: are the same or different alloantigens responsible for rejection of parental and allogeneic marrow grafts? In the first case, Hh-1 alleles would be recessive determinants of tissue-specific transplantation antigens, whereas in the second case they would be the determinants of parental- and tissue-specific antigens subject to genetic suppression in Hh-1 heterozygotes. Although the available evidence is not conclusive in excluding one of the two possibilities, it favors the concept that allograft reactivity to hemopoietic cells is elicited by recessive tissue-specific antigens.
A dual-mode NAND flash memory: 1-Gb multilevel and high-performance 512-Mb single-level modes (2001)

A 116.7-mm/sup 2/ NAND flash memory having two modes, 1-Gb multilevel program cell (MLC) and high-performance 512-Mb single-level program cell (SLC) modes, is fabricated with a 0.15-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. Utilizing simultaneous operation of four independent banks, the device achieves 1.6 and 6.9 MB/s program throughputs for MLC and SLC modes, respectively. The two-step bitline setup scheme suppresses the peak current below 60 mA. The wordline ramping technique avoids program disturbance. The SLC mode uses the 0.5-V incremental step pulse and self-boosting program inhibit scheme to achieve high program performance, and the MLC mode uses 0.15-V incremental step pulse and local self-boosting program inhibit scheme to tightly control the cell threshold voltage V/sub th/ distributions. With the small wordline and bitline pitches of 0.3-/spl mu/m and 0.36-/spl mu/m, respectively, the cell V/sub t/h shift due to the floating gate coupling is about 0.2 V. The read margins between adjacent two program states are optimized resulting in the nonuniform cell V/sub t/h distribution for MLC mode.
Evidence for a prevalent dimorphism in the activation peptide of human coagulation factor IX. (2020)

We have independently isolated and characterized cDNA and genomic clones for the human coagulation factor IX. Sequence analysis in both cases indicates that threonine is encoded by the triplet ACT as the third residue of the activation peptide. This is in agreement with some earlier reports but in disagreement with others that show the alanine triplet GCT at this position. The discrepancy can thus be accounted for by natural variation of a single nucleotide in the normal population. Amino acid sequence analyses of activated factor IX from plasma samples of four individuals yielded two cases of alanine and two cases of threonine at the third position of the activation peptide. In factor IX from pooled plasma and in factor IX from a heterozygous individual, however, both alanine and threonine were found. Taken together, the findings show that a prevalent nondeleterious dimorphism exists in the activation peptide of human coagulation factor IX.
Growth Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1999)

The pathogenesis of both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is unknown but these forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be associated with an inability of the intestinal mucosa to protect itself from luminal challenges and/or inappropriate repair following intestinal injury. Numerous cell populations regulate these broad processes through the expression of a complex array of peptides and other agents. Growth factors can be distinguished by their actions regulating cell proliferation. These factors also mediate processes such as extracellular matrix formation, cell migration and differentiation, immune regulation, and tissue remodeling. Several families of growth factors may play an important role in IBD including: epidermal growth factor family (EGF) [transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha), EGF itself, and others], the transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) super family, insulin-like growth factors (IGF), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), trefoil factors, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and others. Collectively these families may determine susceptibility of IBD mucosa to injury and facilitate tissue repair.
Enhancement-mode quantum-well Ge/sub x/Si/sub 1-x /PMOS (1991)

The authors demonstrate the feasibility of a p-channel quantum-well MOSFET on a Ge/sub x/Si/sub 1-x//Si heterostructure. The advantages of the enhancement-mode p-channel MOSFET device compared to GeSi MODFETs are its high impedance, channel mobility, and channel transconductance. The device shows good saturation and cutoff behaviour. A saturation transconductance of 64 mS/mm was measured for a 0.7- mu m channel device at a drain-to-source voltage of -2.5 V. The channel mobility was found to be higher than that of a similarly processed Si p-channel MOSFET.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Time delay estimation in unknown Gaussian spatially correlated noise (1988)

A novel class of methods that estimate the difference in arrival time between signals corrupted by spatially correlated Gaussian noise sources of unknown cross correlation is presented. The methods are based on the idea of comparing the similarities between the two sensor measurements in higher-order spectrum domains (bispectrum) rather than in the cross-correlation domain. It is demonstrated that estimation techniques based on higher-order cumulants suppress the effect of correlated Gaussian noise sources and therefore exhibit improved performance over generalized cross-correlation methods. Results are reported for different types of signals, lengths of data records, and signal-to-noise ratios.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gas-Phase Detection of Trinitrotoluene Utilizing a Solid-Phase Antibody Immobilized on a Gold Film by Means of Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy (2003)

A multilayered biosensor was constructed and found to detect trinitrotoluene (TNT) in ppb concentrations in air both prior to and after detonation of TNT without use of a liquid phosphate buffered saline (PBS) superstrate. The biosensor surface was fabricated from a monoclonal antibody for TNT covalently bound to an 11,11'-dithio-bis(succinimidoylundecanoate) (DSU) self-assembled monolayer immobilized on a thin gold film bonded to a BK7 glass slide. The binding between the immobilized antibody and TNT antigen was detected using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPRS). Biosensor specificity for TNT was demonstrated with chemical homologues as well as against an unrelated explosive, RDX.
The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of fused poly cyclic aromatic compounds at Raney nickel electrodes: the influence of catalyst activation and electrolysis conditions (1990)

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of phenanthrene, anthracene, and naphthalene has been investigated under constant current at Raney nickel electrodes in a mixed aqueous organic medium. The influence of various parameters on the efficiency of the process determined by the current efficiency (a measure of the competition between hydrogenation and hydrogen evolution, the only two electrochemical processes occurring), the extent of hydrogenation (yield of octahydro-derivatives), and the conversion rate was studied with phenanthrene. The best conditions were ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as cosolvent containing between 1.5 to 5% of water, a neutral or slightly acidic medium containing boric acid (0.1 M) as buffer (initial pH of 2.6, final pH of 6.0–6.2), sodium chloride or tetrabutylammonium chloride as supporting electrolyte, a temperature of 80° C, and a current density of 42 to 84 mA/cm 2 . The most active electrodes (consisting of Raney Ni particles dispersed in a nickel matrix and surrounded by a layer of porous nickel) were obtained by leaching the dispersed alloy particles at 75 °C for 7 h in 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide. The electrohydrogenation stopped at derivatives with a single aromatic ring, namely the octahydrophenanthrenes, octahydroanthracenes, and tetralin. In a non-buffered medium, tetrahydrophenanthrene could be obtained with selectivities of 80% or better. Keywords: electrocatalytic hydrogenation, Raney nickel electrodes, phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene.
QUANTITATIVE PREDICTION OF IN VIVO DRUG CLEARANCE AND DRUG INTERACTIONS FROM IN VITRO DATA ON METABOLISM, TOGETHER WITH BINDING AND TRANSPORT (1998)

It is of great importance to predict in vivo pharmacokinetics in humans based on in vitro data. We summarize recent findings of the quantitative prediction of the hepatic metabolic clearance from in vitro studies using human liver microsomes, hepatocytes, or P450 isozyme recombinant systems. Furthermore, we propose a method to predict pharmacokinetic alterations caused by drug-drug interactions that is based on in vitro metabolic inhibition studies using human liver microsomes or human enzyme expression systems. Although we attempt to avoid the false negative prediction, the inhibitory effect was underestimated in some cases, indicating the possible contribution of the active transport into hepatocytes and/or interactions at the processes other than the hepatic metabolism, such as the metabolism and transport processes during gastrointestinal absorption.
On the use of destination set grouping to improve fairness in multicast video distribution (2002)

In a fair multicast video distribution scheme each receiver should receive a video stream with a quality that is commensurate with its capabilities or the capabilities of the path leading to it, regardless of other receivers or network paths. This fairness problem results from the fact that multicast communication trades economy of bandwidth with granularity of control. Distributing video using individual feedback-controlled point-to-point streams results in high bandwidth utilization but the granularity of control is high as communication parameters can be negotiated individually with each receiver. In contrast, using a single multicast stream has good bandwidth economy, but very low granularity of control. In this paper we propose, implement and experiment with a system that spans the spectrum represented by the two extremes above. In the scheme, called destination set grouping (DSG), a source maintains a small number of video streams, carrying the same video but each targeted at receivers with different capabilities. Each stream is feedback-controlled within prescribed limits by its group of receivers. Receivers may move among streams as their capabilities or the capabilities of the network paths leading to them change. The scheme is shown to improve fairness significantly at a small bandwidth cost.
Reaction of Pyridinium Bis(methoxycarbonyl)methylid with Diphenylcyclopropenethione: A Revised Structure for One of the Products (1985)

A structure for one product from the reaction of pyridinium bis(methoxycarbony1)methylid and diphenylcyclopropanethione is revised to be 5.5-bis(methoxycarbony1)-2.3, 6,7-tetraphenyl-5~-thieno[2,3-elthiopyrane.Cyclopropenes and related compounds are of great interest as synthetic reagents and reports regarding their use are growing steadily.'This synthetic strategy often provides a one step route leading to unique types of compounds which are otherwise difficult to obtain.
Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections at a Public Hospital (2007)

Clonal CA-MRSA infection has emerged among Chicago's urban poor. It has occurred in addition to, not in place of, methicillin-susceptible S aureus infection. Epidemiological analysis suggests that control measures could focus initially on core groups that have contributed disproportionately to risk, although CA-MRSA becomes endemic as it disseminates within communities.
Cyclosporin A Aerosol Improves the Anticancer Effect of Paclitaxel Aerosol in Mice (2004)

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of cyclosporin A liposome aerosol on the anticancer activity of paclitaxel (PTX) liposome aerosol against renal cell carcinoma (Renca) pulmonary metastases in mice. Cyclosporin A (CsA) was administered as a liposome aerosol for one-half hour before starting one-half hour treatment with PTX liposome aerosol (CsA/PTX), and in a second groups of animals cyclosporin A liposome aerosol was given before PTX for one-half hour and also later by mixing a second dose of cyclosporin A aerosol with PTX aerosol and extending the treatment period to one hour (CsA/PTX + CsA). In one experiment, PTX and CsA/PTX aerosols were significantly more effective compared to untreated controls against renal cell cancer as measured by lung weights and tumor surface areas. CsA/PTX was significantly better that PTX alone as measured by lung weights and tumor area. In a second experiment, tumor areas of PTX and CsA/PTX treated mice were significantly reduced compared to untreated controls and CsA/PTX treated mice had significantly smaller tumor areas than PTX treated mice. In contrast, tumor numbers were not significantly fewer than controls in either therapeutic group. In a third experiment, tumor numbers and tumor areas were significantly fewer in mice treated with CsA/PTX and CsA/PTX + CsA compared to untreated controls. Mice treated with CsA/PTX + CsA had significantly fewer tumors and less tumor area than mice receiving CsA/PTX. While PTX treated mice were not different than untreated controls with respect to tumor numbers or tumor volumes, PTX treated mice had significantly greater tumor numbers and tumor areas than CsA/PTX and CsA/PTX + CsA treated mice. Co-administration of CsA with PTX demonstrated significant dose dependent anticancer effects against renal cell pulmonary metastases in mice. Toxicity manifested by weight loss was associated with the highest dose of CsA.