gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for characterization of humic and fulvic acids by gel electrophoresis laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (2000)

The coupling of gel-electrophoresis (GE) with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been used to measure the binding of lead to various molecular size fractions of humic and fulvic acids. Stable isotopic tracers were utilised to separate the metals bound initially to the acids from those bound experimentally. Ultimately, this technique will allow the determination of the binding capacity of the acids for trace metals. Humic or fulvic acids were equilibrated with a stable isotopic metal tracer (206Pb). Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate humic and fulvic acids as a function of size. Gel plates containing the separated acids were dried and mounted on a microscope slide. Laser ablation was used to sample the plates at 50–100 µm intervals with the ablated material being analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Added metal and carbon concentrations were measured simultaneously. The results can be used to determine variation in metal binding as a function of organic acid size and for fingerprinting organic acids from natural systems.
The effect of ligand type and density on osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and matrix mineralization (2005)

Polystyrene surfaces grafted with a nonfouling interfacial interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of poly(acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol/acrylic acid) [p(AAm-co-EG/AAc)] were modified with several peptide ligands adapted from bone sialoprotein (BSP). IPNs were modified with both single ligands and ligand blends to study the correlation between a simple metric, ligand-receptor adhesion strength, and the extent of matrix mineralization for osteoblast like cells (rat calvarial osteoblasts). The ligands studied included RGD cell-binding [CGGNGEPRGDTYRAY (l-RGD), CGGEPRGDTYRA (s2-RGD), CGPRGDTYG (lc-RGD), cyclic(CGPRGDTYG) (c-RGD), and CGGPRGDT (s-RGD)], heparin binding (CGGFHRRIKA), and collagen binding (CGGDGEAG) peptides, with the appropriate controls. Adhesion strength scaled with ligand density (1-20 pmol/cm(2)) and was dependent on ligand type with the following trend: l-RGD > s2-RGD approximately c-RGD >> s-RGD approximately lc-RGD >>> FHRRIKA approximately DGEA. Independent of ligand density, % matrix mineralization varied with ligand type resulting in the following trend: lc-RGD > s2-RGD > l-RGD approximately c-RGD >> s-RGD >>> FHRRIKA. The Tyr (Y) residue immediately following the RGD cell-binding domain proved to be critical for stable cell proliferation and mineralization, since removal of this residue resulted in erratic cell attachment and mineralization behavior. The minimum BSP sequence necessary for strong adhesion and extensive mineralization was CGGEPRGDTYRA; the minimal sequence suitable for extensive mineralization but lacking strong adhesion was CGPRGDTYG. The cyclic peptide (c-RGD) had much greater adhesion strength compared to its linear counterpart (lc-RGD). The calculated characteristic adhesion strength (F(70)) obtained using a centrifuge adhesion assay proved to be a poor metric for predicting % mineralized area; however, in general, surfaces possessing a F(70) > 100g promoted extensive matrix mineralization. Percent mineralization and number of mineralized nodules scaled with number of cells seeded suggesting a critical dependence on the initial number of osteoprogenitors in culture. This study demonstrates matrix mineralization dependence on ligand type, ligand density, and adhesion strength. The high-throughput character of these surfaces allowed efficient investigation of multiple ligands at multiple densities providing an excellent tool for studying ligand-receptor interactions under normal cell culture conditions with serum present.
High Rate of Antibody Secretion Is not Integral to Plasma Cell Differentiation as Revealed by XBP-1 Deficiency (2012)

During B cell terminal differentiation, a complex set of transcription factors interact to drive the phenotypic and functional changes leading to the development of Ab-secreting cells (ASCs). The transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) is an essential part of one of the branches of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is induced when a cell has to handle large amounts of proteins, as is the case in ASCs. Although XBP-1 was initially also ascribed an indispensable function in plasma cell development, later studies of B cell-specific deletion reported a much milder consequence of XBP-1 deficiency. Our interest was to determine whether XBP-1 was integral for the differentiation of plasma cells. Using both in vitro and in vivo assays, we found efficient generation of ASCs in the absence of XBP-1. ASCs were present at normal frequencies in resting and immunized mice and displayed a pattern of surface markers typical for plasma cells. The absence of XBP-1 resulted in a reduction but not ablation of Ab secretion and the failure to develop the cellular morphology characteristic of ASCs. Thus, XBP-1 deficiency demonstrates that the gene regulatory program controlling plasma cell differentiation can proceed relatively normally in the absence of high rates of Ig secretion.
Synthetic Retinoids:  Recent Developments Concerning Structure and Clinical Utility (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTSynthetic Retinoids: Recent Developments Concerning Structure and Clinical UtilityHiroyuki Kagechika and Koichi ShudoView Author Information School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan, and Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, 2-28-10 Tamagawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-0094, Japan Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 19, 5875–5883Publication Date (Web):August 26, 2005Publication History Received31 January 2005Published online26 August 2005Published inissue 1 September 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm0581821https://doi.org/10.1021/jm0581821review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1697Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Agonists,Antagonists,Ligands,Receptors,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Interaction of coagulation factor V and factor Va with platelets. (1979)

Bovine platelet and plasma Factor V were compared using antisera raised to purified single chain plasma Factor V and the quantity of Factor V associated with the bovine platelet was established using a radioimmunoassay developed with the same antisera. Bovine platelet Factor V is immunochemically indistinguishable from bovine plasma Factor V using both radioimmunoassay and immunodiffusion as comparative techniques. Radioimmunoassay quantitation of platelet Factor V indicated that 593 + 139 Factor V molecules were present/platelet. Bioassay assessment of the quantity of Factor V present in the bovine platelet gave a value similar to this (666 f 124), further suggesting that the platelet and plasma derived Factor V are identical. The binding of both iz51-Factor V and -Factor Va to platelets was also measured. When incubated with washed bovine platelets, 1251-Factor Va underwent saturable and exchangeable binding. There are high affinity binding sites to which approximately 900 Factor Va molecules are bound/platelet with an apparent dissociation constant of 3 x lo-” M, as well as binding sites of slightly lower affinity (Z& = 3 X lo-’ M) to which as many as 3500 Factor Va molecules are bound/platelet. The binding of Factor V to platelets is also saturable and exchangeable. Approximately 800 Factor V molecules bind to a single class of sites with a dissociation constant of 3 x lo-’ M. Exchange studies indicated that Factor V and Factor Va both bind to the lower affinity sites; however, Factor V does not bind to the high affinity Factor Va binding sites. Thrombin-induced platelet activation was not required for, nor had any effect on, the binding of either Factor V or Factor Va. The number of Factor V molecules associated with the platelet is similar to the number of Factor V molecules bound to the low affinity platelet binding sites, and that value is also similar to the number of high affinity Factor Va binding sites.
Tocilizumab in Large Vessel Vasculitis – Different Routes of Administration (2018)

Tocilizumab is efficacious in patients with large vessel vasculitis in a real-life situation. Safety appears to be acceptable, but infectious complications have to be considered. Intravenous tocilizumab may be used in patients who relapse under subcutaneous application.
An architecture for a campus-sized wireless mobile network (1996)

This dissertation proposes a new approach to support wireless mobile internet-working on a large university campus or similar environment. Called Crosspoint, the approach combines wireless local-area network technology with high-speed switching technology. The combination provides a wireless communication system with sufficient aggregate bandwidth to handle massive, synchronized movements of mobile computers. Furthermore, the approach supports optimal routing to each mobile computer without requiring modification of the networking software on mobile computers, nonmobile computers, or routers in the existing Internet. This dissertation describes the design and implementation of Crosspoint. Through a prototype implementation, we have shown that the approach is feasible.
Induction of human CD4+ regulatory T cells by mycophenolic acid-treated dendritic cells (2008)

Abstract Depending on their degree of maturation, costimulatory molecule expression, and cytokine secretion, dendritic cells (DC) can induce immunity or tolerance. DC treated with mycophenolic acid during their maturation (MPA-DC) have a regulatory phenotype and may therefore provide a new approach to induce allograft tolerance. Purified CD4+ T cells stimulated in a human in vitro model of mixed culture by allogeneic MPA-DC displayed much weaker proliferation than T cells activated by mature DC and were anergic. This hyporesponsiveness was alloantigen-specific. Interestingly, T cells stimulated by MPA-DC during long-term coculture in four 7-day cycles displayed potent, suppressive activity, as revealed by marked inhibition of the proliferation of naive and preactivated control T cells. These regulatory T cells (Tregs) appeared to have antigen specificity and were contact-dependent. Tregs induced by MPA-DC were CD25+glucocorticoid-induced TNFR+CTLA-4+CD95+, secreted IL-5 and large amounts of IL-10 and TGF-β, and displayed enhanced forkhead box p3 expression. These results obtained in vitro demonstrate that human MPA-DC can induce allospecific Tregs that may be exploited in cell therapy to induce allograft tolerance.
Asymmetric titanocene-catalyzed hydrogenation of imines (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric titanocene-catalyzed hydrogenation of iminesChristopher A. Willoughby and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 19, 7562–7564Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00045a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00045a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1614Altmetric-Citations209LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Immunodominant Antigens in Periodontal Disease: a Real or Illusive Concept? (2001)

The humoral arm of the immune system provides protection from many medically significant pathogens. The antigenic epitopes of the pathogens which induce these responses, and the subsequent characteristics of the host response, have been extensively documented in the medical literature, and in many cases have resulted in the development and implementation of effective vaccines or diagnostic tests. There is a substantial body of literature on the humoral immune response in periodontal disease, which is targeted at micro-organisms present within periodontal pockets. However, the significance and specificity of the immune response in periodontal disease have proved difficult to elucidate, due to the large number of potential pathogens in the plaque biofilm and the apparent commensal nature of many of these opportunistic pathogens. This review addresses our current knowledge of the approaches and strategies which have been used to elucidate and examine the concept of immunodominant antigens in medical infections and, more recently, periodontal disease. An identification/understanding of the immunodominant antigens would be informative with respect to: (i) the relative importance of the implicated pathogens, (ii) new approaches to immunological diagnosis, (iii) specific bacterial virulence determinants, (iv) natural protective responses, and (v) the selection of potential vaccine candidate antigens. We conclude that immunodominance of antigens in periodontal disease may be relevant to our understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis, but due to the complexity and diversity of the 'pathogenic microbial ecology', it is currently an enigmatic topic requiring a multidisciplinary approach linking clinical, microbiological, and immunological investigations. We also conclude, after assessing the literature available on the topic of immunodominance, that it is a term that, if used, must be clearly defined and understood, since it is often used loosely, leading to a general misinterpretation by readers of oral and medical literature.
Radiolabeled neurotensin analog, 99mTc-NT-XI, evaluated in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. (2003)

Injection of (99m)Tc-NT-XI was well tolerated. The in vivo tumor uptake appeared specific as it was observed in the 1 patient with a pancreatic tumor that expressed high amounts of NT receptor. The results are compatible with preclinical animal results and in favor of further development of radiolabeled NT analogs for diagnosis or therapy of cancer.
Induction of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice requires interleukin-21-dependent activation of autoreactive CD8+ T cells (2013)

Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice lacking interleukin (IL)-21 or IL-21 receptor do not develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). We have shown recently that IL-21 may promote activation of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells by increasing their antigen responsiveness. To investigate the role of IL-21 in activating diabetogenic CD8(+) T cells in the NOD mouse, we generated IL-21-deficient NOD mice expressing the highly pathogenic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I-restricted 8.3 transgenic T cell receptor (TCR). IL-21 deficiency protected 8.3-NOD mice completely from T1D. CD8(+) T cells from the 8.3-NOD.Il21(-/-) mice showed decreased antigen-induced proliferation but displayed robust antigen-specific cytolytic activity and production of effector cytokines. IL-21-deficient 8.3 T cells underwent efficient homeostatic proliferation, and previous antigen stimulation enabled these cells to cause diabetes in NOD.Scid recipients. The 8.3 T cells that developed in an IL-21-deficient environment showed impaired antigen-specific proliferation in vivo even in IL-21-sufficient mice. These cells also showed impaired IL-2 production and Il2 gene transcription following antigen stimulation. However, IL-2 addition failed to reverse their impaired proliferation completely. These findings indicate that IL-21 is required for efficient initial activation of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells but is dispensable for the activated cells to develop effector functions and cause disease. Hence, therapeutic targeting of IL-21 in T1D may inhibit activation of naive autoreactive CD8(+) T cells, but may have to be combined with other strategies to inhibit already activated cells.
High-Resolution Image Inpainting Using Multi-scale Neural Patch Synthesis (2017)

Recent advances in deep learning have shown exciting promise in filling large holes in natural images with semantically plausible and context aware details, impacting fundamental image manipulation tasks such as object removal. While these learning-based methods are significantly more effective in capturing high-level features than prior techniques, they can only handle very low-resolution inputs due to memory limitations and difficulty in training. Even for slightly larger images, the inpainted regions would appear blurry and unpleasant boundaries become visible. We propose a multi-scale neural patch synthesis approach based on joint optimization of image content and texture constraints, which not only preserves contextual structures but also produces high-frequency details by matching and adapting patches with the most similar mid-layer feature correlations of a deep classification network. We evaluate our method on the ImageNet and Paris Streetview datasets and achieved state-of-the-art inpainting accuracy. We show our approach produces sharper and more coherent results than prior methods, especially for high-resolution images.
A Double Mutation in the Extracellular Ca2+-sensing Receptor's Venus Flytrap Domain That Selectively Disables l-Amino Acid Sensing (2005)

The extracellular Ca(2+)-sensing receptor is activated allosterically by l-amino acids, and recent molecular analysis indicates that amino acids are likely to bind in the receptor's Venus flytrap domain. In the current study we set out to identify residues in the VFT domain that specifically support amino acid binding and/or amino acid-dependent receptor activation. Herein we describe two mutations of the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaR) Venus Flytrap domain, T145A and S170T, that specifically impair amino acid sensing, leaving Ca2+ sensing intact, as determined by receptor-dependent activation of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in fura-2-loaded HEK293 cells. With respect to the wild-type CaR, T145A and S170T exhibited reduced sensitivity to l-Phe, and T145A also exhibited markedly impaired l/d selectivity. When combined, the double mutant T145A/S170T exhibited normal or near-normal sensitivity to extracellular Ca2+ but was resistant to l-Phe at concentrations up to 100 mm. We conclude that T145A/S170T selectively disables l-amino acid sensing and that the Ca2+ and l-amino acid-sensing functions of the CaR can be dissociated.
Antioxidant Activity of a Rosemary Extract and Its Constituents, Carnosic Acid, Carnosol, and Rosmarinic Acid, in Bulk Oil and Oil-in-Water Emulsion (1996)

This study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of a commercial rosemary extract and the active constituents carnosol, carnosic acid, and rosmarinic acid, in inhibiting the formation and decomposition of hydroperoxides in tocopherol-stripped corn oil and in the corresponding corn oil-in-water emulsions. In bulk corn oil, the rosemary extract, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and α-tocopherol were significantly more active than carnosol. In contrast, in corn oil-in-water emulsion, the rosemary compounds were less active than in bulk oil, and the rosemary extract, carnosic acid, carnosol, and α-tocopherol were more active than rosmarinic acid. Similar results were obtained in corn oil-in-water phosphate buffer emulsion at pH 5, but α-tocopherol was less active. Carnosol and carnosic acid were much more active antioxidants in corn oil-in-water emulsions buffered at pH 4 and 5 than at pH 7. The decreased antioxidant activity of the polar hydrophilic rosemary compounds in the emulsion system may be explained by their interfacial partitioning into the water, thus becoming less protective than in the bulk oil system. The effect of pH may be related to the stability of the rosemary antioxidants. Keywords: Antioxidants; rosemary extracts; corn oil; hydroperoxides; hexanal; bulk oil; emulsion
Optical scanners realized by surface-micromachined vertical torsion mirror (1999)

We report on a novel vertical torsion mirror fabricated by surface-micromachining for optical scanner applications. Driven by an electrostatic actuator, the scanning mirror has a resonant frequency of 0.5 kHz and an optical scan range of 26/spl deg/. The maximum achievable number of resolvable spots for this 300 μm×250 μm scanner is 238.
Muscarinic inhibition of endogenous myocardial catecholamine liberation in the dog (1978)

The release of endogenous catecholamine (CA) into the coronary sinus of the anesthetized dog was investigated under basal sympathetic tone and during sympathetic and vagal electrical stimulation. Under basal conditions, right distal cervical vagal stimulation (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 Hz) did not significantly alter the output of CA into the conorary sinus although important increases in aortic CA levels were observed. Stimulation of the right cardioaccelerator nerves (10 Hz) caused a marked and reproducible increase in coronary sinus CA levels but this effect could be progressively attenuated by superposing vagal stimulation at increasing frequencies. A maximal inhibition (66%) of CA liberation was observed at a vagal stimulation frequency of 16 Hz. Atropine (2 μg/kg) blocked selectively the effect of low frequency vagal stimulation. Methacholine (3 μg/kg per minute) infusion mimicked vagal inhibition on CA liberation. It is suggested that a functional vagal inhibition of sympathetic CA liberation could be mediated through activation of presynaptic muscarinic receptors located on the adrenergic fibers within the left ventricle of the dog; moreover, the excellent correlation observed between the decrease in CA liberation and the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dp/dt) suggests that this inhibition is of physiological significance. Such mechanisms could be implicated in the local fine adjustments of neurotransmitter liberation and in the functional peripheral integration of both components of the autonomic nervous system.
Bragg Grating Fast Tunable Filters (1998)

Keywords: [OFD] Reference LOA-CONF-1998-010 Record created on 2009-07-20, modified on 2017-05-10