gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of oxygen free radicals on calcium current and dihydropyridine binding sites in guinea‐pig ventricular myocytes (1996)

1. We used electrophysiological and binding techniques to determine the effects of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) generated by dihydroxyfumaric acid (DHF, 5 mM) on calcium current and dihydropyridine binding sites in guinea-pig isolated ventricular myocytes. 2. Binding of [3H]-PN200-110 to isolated ventricular myocytes revealed one population of binding sites with a KD of 0.11 +/- 0.01 nM and Bmax of 139.1 +/- 6.9 fmol mg-1 protein (n = 24). After 15 min of exposure to DHF, the density, but not the affinity of [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 35% of the control value (Bmax = 49.4 +/- 3.7 fmol mg-1 protein, KD = 0.11 +/- 0.01 nM, n = 15). In the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) the reduction in [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites was almost completely prevented (Bmax = 120.5 +/- 7.4 in control, n = 4 and 98.8 +/- 7.4 fmol mg-1 protein in DHF plus SOD and CAT, n = 4). KD values were not modified (0.08 +/- 0.01 in control and 0.09 +/- 0.01 nM in DHF plus SOD and CAT). 3. The time-course of the reduction of [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites by OFRs was paralleled by the decrease in L-type calcium current (Ica,L) measured in patch-clamped guinea-pig ventricular myocytes either in the absence or in the presence of EGTA in the patch pipette. In the former conditions OFRs induced the appearance of calcium-dependent alterations, i.e. the transient inward current, within 10 min. After 30 min of incubation with DHF, [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites were reduced to 25% of the control value. 4. In myocytes incubated with the antilipoperoxidant agent, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 50 microM), the decrease in [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites caused by DHF was partially prevented (Bmax values after 30 min exposure to DHF were 55.5 +/- 1.9 and 23.7 +/- 5.9 fmol mg-1 protein in the presence and in the absence of BHT respectively, P < 0.05). BHT did not affect the decrease in [3H]-PN200-110 binding sites during the first 15 min of exposure to DHF, but was able to prevent completely the further decrease occurring during the following 15 min of incubation with OFRs. 5. Our results demonstrate that the OFR-induced decrease in calcium current is associated with a reduction in DHP binding sites. The decrease in calcium current and in calcium channels may be implicated in the mechanical dysfunction associated with oxidative stress.
Comparative analysis of the self‐incompatibility (S‐) locus region of Prunus mume: identification of a pollen‐expressed F‐box gene with allelic diversity (2003)

The results indicate that SLF is a prime candidate for the pollen S-determinant gene of SI.
Preliminary tests of a prototype system for optical and radionuclide imaging in small animals (2003)

We have assembled a prototype system for multimodal (radionuclide and optical) in vivo planar imaging of small animals (mice) using single photon emission radiotracers (Tc-99m) and a fluorescent marker (hematoporphyrin). Preliminary tests of the separate (optical and radionuclide) prototype imaging systems are presented, aimed at assessing their features and at determining the experimental protocol for in vivo imaging. Tests were performed on anesthetized healthy or tumor bearing mice. The gamma radiation detector is a small area (11 /spl times/ 11 mm/sup 2/) hybrid pixel detector based on the Medipix1 ASIC readout technology (64 /spl times/ 64 square pixels of 170 /spl mu/m by side), bump-bonded to a 300 /spl mu/m thick silicon detector. High spatial resolution in radioimaging (in the order of 1 mm) is achieved in vivo with a pinhole tungsten collimator (0.35 mm diameter, 90/spl deg/ acceptance angle, field of view of over 20 mm at 10 mm source distance). A future setup will use the Medipix2 hybrid detector (256 /spl times/ 256 square pixels, 55 /spl mu/m by side) bump-bonded to a 1 mm thick CdTe pixel detector. The laser-induced in vivo fluorescence imaging system comprises a pulsed light source (Nd:YAG laser, /spl lambda/=532 nm, energy/pulse = 30 mJ, pulse width = 50 ps, repetition rate = 10 Hz) used to excite the fluorescence emission (600-760 nm) of injected hematoporphyrin compound, a low sensitivity CCD camera and a commercial image analysis system. Images of normal and tumor regions are acquired by using a cut-on filter (/spl lambda/>600 nm). Digital image subtraction then enhances the tumor contrast with respect to the background. The final experimental protocol, only partly implemented here, includes independent and then combined optical/radio imaging of control mice and of a solid tumoral area (human thyroid derived anaplastic carcinoma) after injection of the radiotracer and/or of the fluorophore. In this work, the accumulation of the radionuclide in selected organs and of the fluorophore in the tumor provides the signal contrast in the two imaging modalities. Fluorescence spectroscopy of excised tissue samples is also performed to help the interpretation of fluorescence images. Results of in vivo combined imaging on tumor in mice will be shown in a next paper.
CD86 (B70/B7–2) on endothelial cells co-stimulates allogeneic CD4+T cells (1995)

In vascularized organ transplantation, vascular endothelial cells (EC) confronting recipient T cells are potentially significant APC initiating cellular immune responses that lead to rejection. In the present study, we studied the ability of human EC to stimulate allogeneic T cells and the co-stimulatory molecules involved in this response. On both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC), MHC class I, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and CD86 were constitutively expressed as assessed by flow cytometry. After IFN-gamma treatment, MHC class II expression was induced, and MHC class I and ICAM-1 were up-regulated. In contrast, the expression of CD86 was unchanged and CD80 was undetectable even after IFN-gamma treatment. Highly purified CD4+ T cells proliferated in response to IFN-gamma-treated allogeneic HUVEC and MVEC, and this response was efficiently blocked by mAb to MHC class II, ICAM-1 and CD86. Furthermore, the addition of anti-CD86 mAb to the primary culture with allogeneic EC resulted in the induction of alloantigen-specific anergy. These results suggest that CD86 expressed on EC plays a critical role in initiating cellular immune responses to vascularized allografts and would be an important target for immune intervention.
Melatonin, A Natural Programmed Cell Death Inducer in Cancer (2012)

Melatonin, an indolamine derived from the amino-acid tryptophan, participates in diverse physiological functions and has great functional versatility related to the regulation of circadian rhythms and seasonal behaviour, sexual development, retinal physiology, tumour inhibition, as an antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties. In relation to its oncostatic properties, there is evidence that tumor initiation, promotion or progression may be restrained by the night-time physiological surge of melatonin in the blood or extracellular fluid. In addition, depressed nocturnal melatonin concentrations or nocturnal excretion of the main melatonin metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, were found in individuals with various tumor types. In the majority of studies, melatonin was shown to inhibit development and/or growth of various experimental animal tumors and some human cell lines in vitro. Many tumors do not respond to drug treatment due to their resistance to undergo apoptosis thereby contributing to the development of cancer. Thus, given the importance of the apoptotic program in cancer treatment, the role of melatonin in influencing apoptosis in tumor cells attracted attention because it seems that it actually promotes apoptosis in most tumor cells, in contrast to the obvious inhibition of apoptotic processes in normal cells. Thus, this paper is also intended to provide to the reader an up-date of all the researches that have been carried out to date, which investigate the proapoptotic effects of melatonin in experimental preclinical models of cancer (in vitro and in vivo) and the underlying proposed action mechanism of this effects. If melatonin uniformly induces apoptosis in cancer cells, the findings could have important clinical implications to improve the quality of live while preventing the appearance of cancer.
Comparison of Half-Band and Full-Band Electrodes for Intracochlear Electrical Stimulation (1993)

It was hypothesized that intracochlear stimulating electrodes oriented toward the modiolus would require a lower stimulus current to elicit a threshold neural response than longitudinal band electrodes. Electrically evoked auditory brain stem responses (EABRs) and electrode impedances were recorded with full-band and oriented half-band scala tympani electrodes in anesthetized, deafened cats. To elicit a threshold EABR, the stimulus current required for stimulation through half-band electrodes oriented toward the modiolus was not significantly different from the current required for stimulation through full-band electrodes. The impedances of full-band electrodes were significantly lower than those of half-band electrodes. Considering the significantly higher impedance and current density of half-band electrodes in comparison to full-band electrodes, as well as the critical orientation of half-band electrodes during implantation, we believe that full-band electrodes have advantages over half-band electrodes for scala tympani implantation.
High Levels of Coagulation Factor XI as a Risk Factor for Venous Thrombosis (2000)

High levels of factor XI are a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis, with a doubling of the risk at levels that are present in 10 percent of the population.
Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films (2021)

In 1964 Smith and Turner provided the first ever proof of concept for the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of thin films. The ability of PLD to deposit multicomponent oxide materials with complex stoichiometry as thin films in a controlled manner quickly evolved PLD into a valuable tool for thin-film ceramic material research. The effect of Ca-doped BaTiO3 polycrystalline thin films deposited on Pt-coated Si substrates using pulsed excimer laser ablation technique is reported by Victor et al. Yttrium barium copper oxide, one of the most prevalent high-temperature superconductors, was one of the first complex materials to be successfully deposited as a thin film by using PLD. Oxide substrates have many advantages over Si and sapphire, including lower lattice mismatch with nitride thin films, less difference in coefficient of thermal expansion, ability to grow non-polar nitride films, and higher reactivity of oxides providing easy peeling of nitride films to obtain freestanding nitride thin films.
The influence of support and particle size on the platinum catalysed oxygen reduction reaction (2009)

A range of platinum deposits, equivalent thicknesses (delta) 0.2-2.5 nm, have been synthesised on carbon and reduced titania (TiO(x)) supports using physical vapour deposition on (10 x 10) arrays of electrodes. For delta < 1.0 nm, discrete platinum centres are formed and the TiO(x) supported platinum show two distinct characteristics: (a) a strong positive shift in the potential for the oxidation of monolayers of CO with decreasing loading of Pt leading to an inability to oxidise the CO on the lowest loadings and (b) a strong negative shift in the potential for the reduction of oxygen. Both observations can be understood in terms of an increase in the irreversibility of the Pt/PtO couple at such surfaces. The same trends, although significantly weaker, are seen with the carbon supported platinum, delta < 1.0 nm, and it is suggested that the Pt/PtO couple on carbon shows intermediate kinetics between Pt on TiO(x) and bulk Pt. These results have significant implications for understanding the mechanism of oxygen reduction on supported Pt catalysts and hence for the search for alternative supports to platinum for ORR electrocatalysts.
p53-dependent cell cycle arrest induced by N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinyl-L-norleucinal in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated human fibroblasts. (1996)

Proteases are known to play important roles in cell growth control, although the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here we show that the protease inhibitor N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinyl-L-norleucinal induced cell cycle arrest in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated human fibroblasts at the G1/S boundary of the cell cycle by inhibiting the proteasome. Inhibition of the proteasome resulted in accumulation of the tumor suppressor p53, which was followed by an increase in the amount of the cyclin-dependent kinase-inhibitor p21. As a consequence, both phosphorylation and activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2/cyclin E complex were inhibited. We further observed that the retinoblastoma gene product, pRb, remained in the hypophosphorylated state, thus preventing cells from progression into the S-phase. These studies strongly support the hypothesis that the proteasome is a key regulator in the G1-phase of cell cycle progression.
Selective Reduction in Neural Responses to High Calorie Foods Following Gastric Bypass Surgery (2010)

Findings support the contention that RYGB surgery leads to substantial changes in neural responses to food cues encountered in the environment, provide a potential mechanism for the selective reduction in preferences for high-calorie foods, and suggest partial neural mediation of changes in caloric intake seen after RYGB surgery.
BioMEMS using electrophoresis for the analysis of genetic mutations (2002)

Biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) are rapidly emerging in many areas of genetic analysis. These devices demonstrate potential for rapid analysis using modular components capable of sample purification, amplification, mutation discrimination and detection on small, portable point-of-care instruments. Here, various approaches to genetic mutation detection and the modern analysis platform, capillary electrophoresis, will be briefly reviewed. Microfluidic devices will be discussed in relation to fabrication techniques, mutation detection using simple electrophoretic separations, multiplexed designs and modular functionalities, as well as challenges and issues surrounding this technology.
Polymorphism of the gene encoding a human minimal potassium ion channel (minK) (1994)

A gene (minK) that encodes a minimal potassium channel has been cloned recently. We describe in this paper a human minK sequence which differs from the original sequence with a single A-->G at position 112. This resulted in a change from a Ser codon (AGT) to a Gly codon (GGT) and created a new MspAI restriction site. Of the 32 alleles from 16 subjects studied, 25 had this newly discovered sequence and 7 had the previously described sequence.
Comparison of the substrate specificity of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate- and guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases. Kinetic studies using synthetic peptides corresponding to phosphorylation sites in histone H2B. (1979)

The substrate specificities of cyclic GMP-dependent and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases have been compared by kinetic analysis using synthetic peptides as substrates. Both enzymes catalyzed the transfer of phosphate from ATP to calf thymus histone H2B, as well as to two synthetic peptides, Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32-Arg-Lys-Glu and Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser36-Tyr-Ser-Val, corresponding to the amino acid sequences around serine 32 and serine 36 in histone H2B. Serine 38 in the latter peptide was not phosphorylated by either enzyme. Cyclic GMP-dependent kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent kinase catalyzed the incorporation of 1.1 and 2.0 mol of phosphate/mol of histone H2B, respectively. The phosphorylation of histone H2B, respectively. The phosphorylation of histone H2B by cyclic GMP-dependent kinase showed two distinct optima as the magnesium concentration was increased. However, the phosphorylation of either synthetic peptide by this enzyme was depressed at high magnesium concentrations. As the pH of reaction mixtures was elevated from pH 6 to pH 9, the rate of phosphorylation of Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32-Arg-Lys-Glu by cyclic GMP-dependent kinase continually increased. Acetylation of the NH2 terminus of the peptide did not qualitatively affect this pH profile, but did increase the Vmax value of the enzyme 3-fold. The apparent Km and Vmax values for the phosphorylation of Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32-Arg-Lys-Glu by cyclic GMP-dependent kinase were 21 microM and 4.4 mumol/min/mg, respectively. The synthetic peptide Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser36-Tyr-Ser-Val was a relatively poor substrate for cyclic GMP-dependent kinase, exhibiting a Km value of 732 microM, although the Vmax was 12 micromol/min/mg. With histone H2B as substrate for the cyclic GMP-dependent kinase, two different Km values were apparent. The Km values for cyclic AMP-dependent kinase for either synthetic peptide were approximately 100 microM, but the Vmax for Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32-Arg-Lys-Glu was 1.1 mumol/min/mg, while the Vmax for Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser36-Tyr-Ser-Val was 16.5 mumol/min/mg. These data suggest that although the two cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases have similar substrate specificities, the determinants dictated by the primary sequence around the two phosphorylation sites in histone H2B are different for the two enzymes.
Psychosocial Impact of Demodex Blepharitis (2022)

<i>Demodex</i> blepharitis has a significant negative impact on daily activities and the mental and physical well-being of afflicted patients.
Laser-pumped Stimulated Emission from Organic Dyes: Experimental Studies and Analytical Comparisons (1967)

Stimulated emission spectra of two organic dyes, chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (CAP) and 3,3′-diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide (DTTC) are compared. Giant-pulse ruby laser excitation was used in both cases. An end pumping configuration employed with DTTC resulted in narrow beam divergences and high conversion efficiencies. For CAP, the oscillating transition is one which terminates on an excited vibrational level of the ground electronic state. For DTTC, stimulated emission at the lowest concentrations occurs at the peak of the Franck–Condon-shifted fluorescence band but moves to longer wavelengths as the concentration is increased. The transient behavior of the CAP laser, pumped in a transverse geometry, was observed and compared with computer solutions of the rate equations. Polarization measurements of the laser beams were also made. An analysis is given of requirements for achieving optimal pumping by means of flashlamps. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">‡</sup> [The paper concludes with an addendum reporting recent observations of stimulated emission from dye solutions lasing at wavelengths ranging from blue (4385 Å) to orange (6000 Å)].
Molecular analysis of a locus for the biosynthesis and phase‐variable expression of the lacto‐N‐neotetraose terminal lipopolysaccharide structure in Neisseria meningitidis (1995)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major determinant of Neisseria, meningitidis virulence. A key feature of meningococcal LPS is the phase-variable expression of terminal structures which are proposed to have disparate roles in pathogenesis. In order to identify the biosynthetic genes for terminal LPS structures and the control mechanisms for their phase-variable expression, the lic2A gene, which is involved in LPS biosynthesis in Haemophilus influenzae, was used as a hybridization probe to identify a homologous gene in N. meningitidis strain MC58. The homologous region of DNA was cloned and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed three open reading frames (ORFs), two of which were homologous to the H. influenzae lic2A gene. All three ORFs were mutagenized by the insertion of antibiotic-resistance cassettes and the LPS from these mutant strains was analysed to determine if the genes had a role in LPS biosynthesis. Immunological and tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis of LPS from the mutant strains indicated that all three genes were probably transferases in the biosynthesis of the terminal lacto-N-neotetraose structure of meningococcal LPS. The first ORF of the locus contains a homopolymeric tract of 14 guanosine residues within the 5'-end of the coding sequence. As the lacto-N-neotetraose structure in meningococcal LPS is subject to phase-variable expression, colonies that no longer expressed the terminal structure, as determined by monoclonal antibody binding, were isolated. Analysis of an 'off' phase variant revealed a change in the number of guanosine residues resulting in a frameshift mutation, indicating that a slipped-strand mispairing mechanism, operating in the first ORF, controls the phase-variable expression of lacto-N-neotetraose.
Additional Antibiotic Inhibitors of Peptidoglycan Synthesis (1973)

Diumycin, janiemycin, nisin, and subtilin inhibited peptidoglycan synthesis catalyzed by particulate enzyme systems from Bacillus stearothermophilus and Escherichia coli. All of these, except for nisin, also induced accumulation of the lipid intermediate in peptidoglycan synthesis. Concentrations required for 50% inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis were less than 0.1 mug/ml for diumycin and in the range of 10 to 100 mug/ml for janiemycin, nisin, and subtilin in both organisms. The discrepancy between the extremely low concentration of diumycin required to inhibit the in vitro system from E. coli and the much higher concentration required to inhibit growth of the organism is noteworthy.
Fusion of Polymer Networks Formed from Linear Polyethylene: Effect of Intermolecular Order (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFusion of Polymer Networks Formed from Linear Polyethylene: Effect of Intermolecular OrderL. Mandelkern, D. E. Roberts, J. C. Halpin, and F. P. PriceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 1, 46–53Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01486a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01486a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Gd(DTPA-BMA) (Omniscan) Versus Gd(HP-DO3A) (ProHance) Relative to Gadolinium Retention in Human Bone Tissue by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (2006)

Omniscan (Gd[DTPA-BMA]) left approximately 4 times (previous study 2.5 times) more Gd behind in bone than did ProHance (Gd[HP-DO3A]).