gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QUASIPARTICLES IN A DIFFUSIVE CONDUCTOR:
INTERACTION AND PAIRING (1997)

The first part of the thesis is concerned with quasiparticle-quasiparticle interaction in diffusive films, that is films with an elastic mean free path much smaller than the film dimensions. In such films, the interaction is expected to be greater than in perfect metals, which are described by the Landau theory of Fermi liquids. We have measured at low temperature the energy distribution function in several diffusive mesoscopic wires (a few micrometers long), placed out-of-equilibrium. Depending on the ratio between the diffusion time across the wire and the interaction time, the distribution function is typical of a non-interacting regime, a strongly thermalized regime, or an intermediate regime. From the intermediate regime one can infer the energy dependence of the modulus of the interaction. The second part of the thesis is concerned with the proximity effect, that is the penetration in a non-superconducting (normal N) metal of superconducting (S) order, characterized by pair correlations between quasiparticles. The penetration of pair correlations in the normal metal modifies its density of states (DOS). We have measured this DOS at several distances from the interface with a superconductor: 100 nm away, the DOS at the Fermi energy is reduced by a factor two. The modification of the DOS persists as far as one micrometer into the normal metal. The subgap or Andreev current through a NS interface is another property which depends on the pair correlations induced in the normal metal. This current, which is due to the coherent passage of two electrons from the N metal into the S, is enhanced by confinement of the quasiparticle trajectories near the NS interface. In order to demonstrate the interferential origin of this enhancement, we have implemented an « NS-QUID », made of a superconducting fork, closed by a normal mesoscopic wire. The interference pattern corresponds to the current through the device, which is modulated by a perpendicular magnetic field.
EphB2 and ephrin-B1 expressed in the adult kidney regulate the cytoarchitecture of medullary tubule cells through Rho family GTPases (2006)

Eph receptors and ephrin ligands are membrane-bound cell-cell communication molecules with well-defined functions in development, but their expression patterns and functions in many adult tissues are still largely unknown. We have detected substantial levels of the EphB2 and EphB6 receptors and the ephrin-B1 ligand in the adult mouse kidney by RT-PCR amplification. Immunolocalization experiments revealed that EphB2 is localized in the tubules of the inner and outer medulla and EphB6 is in the tubules of the outer medulla and cortex. By contrast, ephrin-B1 was detected in tubules throughout the whole nephron. Consistent with the overlapping expression of the EphB2 receptor and the ephrin-B1 ligand in the medulla, EphB2 is tyrosine-phosphorylated, and therefore activated, in the kidney. In the outer medulla, however, EphB2 signaling may be attenuated by the co-expressed kinase-inactive EphB6 receptor. Interestingly, we found that EphB signaling induces RhoA activation and Rac1 inactivation as well as cell retraction, enlargement of focal adhesions and prominent stress fibers in primary cultures of medullary tubule cells. These results suggest that EphB receptor signaling through Rho family GTPases regulates the cytoarchitecture and spatial organization of the tubule cells in the adult kidney medulla and, therefore, may affect the reabsorption ability of the kidney.
Expression of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Thrombospondin‐1 Related to Microvessel Density in Nonaggressive and Aggressive Basal Cell Carcinomas (2003)

The aggressive forms of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are biologically different in a number of features from their nonaggressive counterparts. The expression of basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was examined in primary culture samples of nonaggressive and aggressive BCCs. We studied the relationship between neoangiogenesis by counting microvessels, tumor aggressiveness, and the expression of three different angiogenic factors. bFGF mRNA was detectable in all BCC samples, but there was no significant difference in the levels of expression between the two types. VEGF mRNA was also detectable in all BCC samples. VEGF expression in the aggressive type was approximately 3.5-fold higher than in the nonaggressive type. TSP-1 expression was variable and not related to the type of BCC. The mean value of microvessel density (MVD) was significantly higher for the aggressive type than for the nonaggressive type. There was a significant correlation between VEGF levels and MVD. No significant relationships were found between bFGF, TSP-1 mRNA expression, and MVD. In conclusion, the results of present study suggest that VEGF expression and angiogenesis might play important roles in the progression to aggressive BCC.
A functional analysis of a natural variant of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1Kilifi) (2000)

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is involved in a range of interactions both within the host and between the host and a number of pathogens. Recently we described a mutation within the coding region of the first N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domain of ICAM-1, present at high frequency within African populations, which increased the risk of cerebral malaria. To understand the mechanism by which such a polymorphism might be maintained despite counter-selection by malaria, we have carried out functional assays using both forms of ICAM-1 as soluble Fc chimeric fusion proteins. ICAM-1Kilifi has reduced avidity for LFA-1 compared with ICAM-1ref and binding to soluble fibrinogen was completely abolished with the Kilifi variant. In Plasmodium falciparum adhesion assays, ITO4-A4u binding to ICAM-1Kilifi was reduced compared with binding to the reference form. These results allow for the possibility of balanced selection between the reference and Kilifi forms of ICAM-1 through modulation of inflammatory responses and indicate the existence of differences within ICAM-1-binding P. falciparum isolates which may be relevant to pathogenesis.
A Backlight for View‐Sequential Autostereo 3‐D (2010)

A backlight that emits collimated light whose direction can be scanned through 16° has been demonstrated. Combined with a high‐frame‐rate LCD, this could enable a stereo 3‐D display that does not require glasses.
Mutations in the Iodotyrosine Deiodinase Gene and Hypothyroidism (2008)

DEHAL1 has been identified as the gene encoding iodotyrosine deiodinase in the thyroid, where it controls the reuse of iodide for thyroid hormone synthesis. We screened patients with hypothyroidism who had features suggestive of an iodotyrosine deiodinase defect for mutations in DEHAL1. Two missense mutations and a deletion of three base pairs were identified in four patients from three unrelated families; all the patients had a dramatic reduction of in vitro activity of iodotyrosine deiodinase. Patients had severe goitrous hypothyroidism, which was evident in infancy and childhood. Two patients had cognitive deficits due to late diagnosis and treatment. Thus, mutations in DEHAL1 led to a deficiency in iodotyrosine deiodinase in these patients. Because infants with DEHAL1 defects may have normal thyroid function at birth, they may be missed by neonatal screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism.
cDNA cloning of carboxyl ester lipase from human pancreas reveals a unique proline-rich repeat unit. (1991)

We report the isolation and nucleotide sequence of the cDNA for carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) from human pancreas. CEL was purified from human pancreas and microsequence analysis was performed on the amino-terminal and internal peptides. Peptide sequence was used to design oligonucleotide probes for screening a human pancreas cDNA library. Partial length cDNAs for CEL were isolated from the library, and the 5' portion of the cDNA was obtained using the anchored polymerase chain reaction. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that mature CEL contains 722 amino acids and is synthesized with a 20 amino acid leader peptide. The amino acid sequence is rich in proline (12.2%), with 68% of the proline residues occurring within the final 25% of protein length. This is due to the occurrence of a series of proline-rich tandem repeat units near the carboxyl terminus, and accounts for the previously observed species variation in CEL size and amino acid composition. The primary sequence of CEL shows strong similarity to members of the serine esterase family, including the identical G-E-S-A-G motif at the putative active site. A striking homology also occurs between CEL and acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase, essential enzymes of the nervous system. Proteins with cholesteryl esterase activity have been detected in extra-pancreatic tissues including liver, intestine, kidney, aorta, macrophage, and in the milk of some species (human, gorilla, cat, dog), but not others (rat, cow). To clarify the structural relationships between these various esterases and CEL, we used the CEL cDNA to study expression in pancreas and liver. CEL mRNA was abundant in pancreas of human and rat, with the human CEL mRNA approximately 300 nucleotides larger than that from rat. CEL mRNA was not detected in human adult or fetal liver, nor in rat liver. These results indicate that CEL is not synthesized in significant amounts in liver, and suggest that the cholesterol esterase activity that has been described in liver may be due to a distinct enzyme, or may be derived from pancreas, as has been proposed for the cholesterol esterase activity in intestine.
Identification of RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β as the Major HIV-Suppressive Factors Produced by CD8 + T Cells (1995)

Evidence suggests that CD8+ T lymphocytes are involved in the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in vivo, either by cytolytic mechanisms or by the release of HIV-suppressive factors (HIV-SF). The chemokines RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta were identified as the major HIV-SF produced by CD8+ T cells. Two active proteins purified from the culture supernatant of an immortalized CD8+ T cell clone revealed sequence identity with human RANTES and MIP-1 alpha. RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta were released by both immortalized and primary CD8+ T cells. HIV-SF activity produced by these cells was completely blocked by a combination of neutralizing antibodies against RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta. Recombinant human RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta induced a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). These data may have relevance for the prevention and therapy of AIDS.
Improved Detail in Biological Soft X-ray Microscopy: Study of Blood Platelets (1981)

Improved image quality in soft x-ray contact microscopy can be obtained by examining the resist with transmission rather than scanning electron microscopy. Application of the new technique to air-dried preparations of human blood platelets reveals structures not visible in the same cells with transmission electron microscopy or when the resist is examined by scanning electron microscopy. As seen by the new technique, platelet pseudopods contain a central structure connected to a network in the platelet and dense bodies exhibit a lamellar structure.
Adenovirus Vectors with the 100K Gene Deleted and Their Potential for Multiple Gene Therapy Applications (2001)

The 100K protein has a number of critical roles vital for successful completion of the late phases of the adenovirus (Ad) life cycle. We hypothesized that the introduction of deletions within the 100K gene would allow for the production of a series of new classes of Ad vector, including one that is replication competent but blocked in the ability to carry out many late-phase Ad functions. Such a vector would have potential for several gene therapy applications, based upon its ability to increase the copy number of the transgene encoded by the vector (via genome replication) while decreasing the side effects associated with Ad late gene expression. To efficiently produce 100K-deleted Ad ([100K-]Ad) vectors, an E1- and 100K-complementing cell line (K-16) was successfully isolated. Transfection of an [E1-,100K-]Ad vector genome into the K-16 cells readily yielded high titers of the vector. After infection of noncomplementing cells, we demonstrated that [100K-]Ad vectors have a significantly decreased ability to express several Ad late genes. Additionally, if the E1 gene was present in the infected noncomplementing cells, [100K-]Ad vectors were capable of replicating their genomes to high copy number, but were significantly blocked in their ability to efficiently encapsidate the replicated genomes. Injection of an [E1-,100K-]Ad vector in vivo also correlated with significantly decreased hepatotoxicity, as well as prolonged vector persistence. In summary, the unique properties of [100K-]Ad vectors suggest that they may have utility in a variety of gene therapy applications.
Immunochemistry of human plasma high density lipoproteins. Radioimmunoassay of apolipoprotein A-II (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmunochemistry of human plasma high density lipoproteins. Radioimmunoassay of apolipoprotein A-IIS. J. T. Mao, A. M. Gotto, Jr., and R. L. JacksonCite this: Biochemistry 1975, 14, 18, 4127–4131Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00689a033https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00689a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical trials of HER-2/neu-specific vaccines. (2000)

Recently there has been a renewed interest in developing vaccines for use in cancer treatment. Part of this interest stems from a better understanding of the immune system, the identification of a number of T-cell-specific tumor antigens, more effective adjuvants, and the ability to construct more immunogenic molecules using recombinant DNA techniques. Studies from several laboratories have shown that breast cancer patients have preexisting immunity to the HER-2/neu oncoprotein receptor (HER-2) in the form of elevated antibody titers and T-cell immunity. Preclinical studies showed enhanced delayed-type hypersensitivity and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors in spleens from animals immunized with several human leukocyte antigen class I and class II peptides derived from the HER-2 protein. Phase I trials of these peptides combined with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as a part of therapy in patients with HER-2-positive cancers have shown minimal local toxicity, along with enhanced helper T-cell activity and antibody production in patients with minimal disease. Increases in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor activity were less frequent, but in some cases could be enhanced when patient lymphocytes were incubated ex vivo with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-12. Other preclinical studies designed to enhance HER-2 peptide immunogenicity are in progress. Additional current and future clinical trials using HER-2-derived vaccines will be discussed.
The systemin receptor SR160 from Lycopersicon peruvianum is a member of the LRR receptor kinase family (2002)

The isolation to homogeneity of the 160-kDa systemin cell-surface receptor (SR160) from plasma membranes of suspension cultured cells of Lycopersicon peruvianum is reported. The purification procedure resulted in recovery of 13 microg of pure receptor protein, representing an 8,200-fold purification. Gel blot analyses using SR160-specific antibodies confirmed that a cross-reacting protein in the membranes of suspension-cultured cells comigrates with both the native and a deglycosylated form of the radiolabeled receptor. Internal amino acid sequences of the purified protein facilitated the isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the 160-kDa receptor. The identity of the encoded protein as SR160 was further confirmed by a comparison of its sequence with a mass spectral fingerprint of the SR160 protein. The deduced amino acid sequence of SR160 revealed that it is a member of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor kinase family, closely related to the brassinolide receptor kinase, BRI1.
Increased tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes in alcoholic hepatitis (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine that mediates many of the biologic actions of endotoxin. Recent studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor administration may cause liver injury and that tumor necrosis factor may mediate the lethality of the hepatotoxin galactosamine. One of the most potent inducers of tumor necrosis factor production is endotoxin. Because patients with alcoholic liver disease frequently have endotoxemia and because many of the clinical manifestations of alcoholic hepatitis are known biologic actions of tumor necrosis factor, we thought it would be important to evaluate tumor necrosis factor activity in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Basal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor release from peripheral blood monocytes, a major source of tumor necrosis factor production, was determined in 16 patients with alcoholic hepatitis and 16 healthy volunteers. Eight of 16 alcoholic hepatitis patients and only two of 16 healthy volunteers had detectable spontaneous tumor necrosis factor activity (p less than 0.05). After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, mean monocyte tumor necrosis factor release from alcoholic hepatitis patients was significantly increased to over twice that of healthy controls (25.3 +/- 3.7 vs. 10.9 +/- 2.4 units per ml, p less than 0.005). We conclude that monocytes from alcoholic hepatitis patients have significantly increased spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor release compared to monocytes from healthy volunteers. We suggest that some of the metabolic abnormalities and possibly some of the liver injury of alcoholic hepatitis may be due to enhanced tumor necrosis factor production.
The Kidney, Hypertension, and Obesity (2003)

This paper provides a personal perspective of the role of abnormal renal-pressure natriuresis in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Direct support for a major role of renal-pressure natriuresis in long-term control of arterial pressure and sodium balance comes from studies demonstrating that (1) pressure natriuresis is impaired in all forms of chronic hypertension and (2) prevention of pressure natriuresis from operating, by servo-control of renal perfusion pressure, also prevents the maintenance of sodium balance hypertension. Although the precise mechanisms of impaired pressure natriuresis in essential hypertension have remained elusive, recent evidence suggests that obesity and overweight may play a major role. Obesity increases renal sodium reabsorption and impairs pressure natriuresis by activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems and by altered intrarenal physical forces. Chronic obesity also causes marked structural changes in the kidneys that eventually lead to a loss of nephron function, further increases in arterial pressure, and severe renal injury in some cases. Although there are many unanswered questions about the mechanisms of obesity hypertension and renal disease, this is one of the most promising areas for future research, especially in view of the growing, worldwide "epidemic" of obesity.
[The relationship between CD4(-) CD8(-) T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic carcinoma and IL-4, IFN-gamma levels]. (2009)

The CD4- CD8- T cells ratio in the peripheral blood of patients is decreased,it may be participate in the carcinogenesis and development of pancreatic carcinoma by influence the IFN-gamma levels.
Evaluation of near-end crosstalk noise affecting ADSL systems (2002)

One of the major concerns related to the introduction of asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) systems is the compatibility between such systems and transmission systems already deployed in the access network. In particular, three main noise sources must be considered, namely, near-end crosstalk (NEXT), far-end crosstalk (FEXT) and impulsive noise. The problem of evaluating the amount of NEXT noise on ADSL receivers due to DSL, HDSL, E1 and POTS disturbers is considered. Firstly, mathematical expressions for the power spectral density (PSD) of the above disturbers are provided and an expression for evaluating NEXT noise PSD is presented. Finally, the results obtained considering different scenarios (i.e., low-noise, high-noise and worst case NEXT coupling), are reported and discussed with the aim of providing useful information and guidelines for the introduction of ASDL systems in the access network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Binding Kinetics, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Biotransformation of the Complement Inhibitor Compstatin (2000)

We have previously identified a 13-residue cyclic peptide, Compstatin, that binds to complement component C3 and inhibits complement activation. Herein, we describe the binding kinetics, structure-activity relationship, and biotransformation of Compstatin. Biomolecular interaction analysis using surface-plasmon resonance showed that Compstatin bound to native C3 and its fragments C3b and C3c, but not C3d. While binding of Compstatin to native C3 was biphasic, binding to C3b and C3c followed the 1:1 Langmuir binding model; the affinities of Compstatin for C3b and C3c were 22- and 74-fold lower, respectively, than that of native C3. Analysis of Compstatin analogs synthesized for structure-function studies indicated that 1) the 11-membered ring between disulfide-linked Cys2-Cys12 constitutes a minimal structure required for optimal activity; 2) retro-inverso isomerization results in loss of inhibitory activity; and 3) some residues of the type I beta-turn segment also interact with C3. In vitro studies of Compstatin in human blood indicated that a major pathway of biotransformation was the removal of Ile1, which could be blocked by N-acetylation of the peptide. These findings indicate that acetylated Compstatin is stable against enzymatic degradation and that the type I beta-turn segment is not only critical for preservation of the conformational stability, but also involved in intermolecular recognition.