gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A FRAMEWORK FOR SEMANTIC ENRICHMENT OF IFC BUILDING MODELS (2013)

Building information models provide semantically rich information with objects that explicitly represent 3D geometry and non-graphical properties. However, there are significant difficulties in exchanging information between domain-specific BIM tools. Exchange formats, such as the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) Coordination View (CV), cannot represent all of the domain- and profession-specific information required by the different construction project stakeholders (and their diverse software tools). Similarly, building models compiled from laser scanning point clouds or other survey methods often contain the major building objects but lack the semantic richness of relationships and other concepts needed for a model to be useful for a range of engineering purposes. All these limit the ability of diverse systems to interoperate together. An automated or semi-automated approach is therefore needed for deriving a semantically useful building model file from the explicit and implicit information contained in an IFC building model. In this paper, we present such an approach for semantic enrichment of IFC building models exported according to the IFC CV version 2. The innovation of the approach is that it supplements the exchange model data with semantic constructs defined for the receiving application. This places the emphasis for data exchange on the receiving application by moving the onus from export to import. The approach is based on a taxonomy of semantic inference rules. A three-tier structure for the taxonomy is proposed in order to capture the domain information in a structured way. The paper outlines the approach and illustrates it with examples of exchanges from the precast concrete domain defined by the US National BIM Standard (NBIMS). The digital information content needed to support these exchanges is specified in Model View Definitions (MVDs). Intermediate results of a pilot technical implementation for the examples are presented and analyzed in the paper.
Preparation of some dibenz[b,f][1,4]oxazepines and dibenz[b,e]azepines (1976)

A. W. H. Wardrop, G. L. Sainsbury, J. M. Harrison and T. D. Inch, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1976, 1279 DOI: 10.1039/P19760001279
Astrocyte‐specific protein and neuroglial differentiation. An immunofluorescence study with antibodies to the glial fibrillary acidic protein (1974)

Abstract The topographical features of the neuroglial network in the mature rat CNS and the differentiation of fibrous neuroglia in the neocortex and hippocampus have been studied by immunofluorescence using antibodies to the glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein. In the mature brain and spinal cord the distribution and appearance of neuroglia as observed with immunofluorescence were similar to those described by Weigert ('95) using his method for astrocytic fibers. In the developing rat immunofluorescence started to appear on the surface of the neocortex in the first week after birth. In 9‐day‐old rats a continuous external glial membrane had formed by immunofluorescence. Immunofluorescence of the perivascular glial membrane appeared later. Blood vessels completely surrounded by a fluorescent membrane were not observed in the middle cortical layers before the eighteenth day of life. An unexpected finding in the hippocampus was the sudden appearance in the 8‐day‐old rat of a radial system of immunofluorescent fibers crossing the granular layer and extending in the molecular layer. The radial fibers were still present in the adult rat. However, they became widely spaced and thus less prominent than in the immature animal. In fetal rats immunofluorescent fibers first appeared in the medial wall of the lateral ventricles on the eighteenth post‐conceptionaly day. The radial system of glial fibers extending from the ventricles to the surface of the brain and characteristic of this stage of development was not stained by immunofluorescence.
In search for geroprotectors: in silico screening and in vitro validation of signalome-level mimetics of young healthy state (2016)

Populations in developed nations throughout the world are rapidly aging, and the search for geroprotectors, or anti-aging interventions, has never been more important. Yet while hundreds of geroprotectors have extended lifespan in animal models, none have yet been approved for widespread use in humans. GeroScope is a computational tool that can aid prediction of novel geroprotectors from existing human gene expression data. GeroScope maps expression differences between samples from young and old subjects to aging-related signaling pathways, then profiles pathway activation strength (PAS) for each condition. Known substances are then screened and ranked for those most likely to target differential pathways and mimic the young signalome. Here we used GeroScope and shortlisted ten substances, all of which have lifespan-extending effects in animal models, and tested 6 of them for geroprotective effects in senescent human fibroblast cultures. PD-98059, a highly selective MEK1 inhibitor, showed both life-prolonging and rejuvenating effects. Natural compounds like N-acetyl-L-cysteine, Myricetin and Epigallocatechin gallate also improved several senescence-associated properties and were further investigated with pathway analysis. This work not only highlights several potential geroprotectors for further study, but also serves as a proof-of-concept for GeroScope, Oncofinder and other PAS-based methods in streamlining drug prediction, repurposing and personalized medicine.
Osmotically Controlled Oral Drug Delivery* (2000)

It is advantageous to deliver some drugs with short half-life, and which are to be given frequently for chronic ailments, in the form of controlled-release (CR) formulations. The orally administered drugs, in the form of conventional matrix or reservoir type formulations, pose problems of bioavailability fluctuations due to gastric pH variations. Moreover, the release of drug(s) from these systems is affected by the hydrodynamic conditions of the body. Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems utilize the principles of osmotic pressure for the controlled delivery of active agent(s). The release rate of drug(s) from these systems is independent of the physiological factors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to a large extent. In the present review, theory underlying the delivery of drugs from osmotic systems is presented. Different types of oral osmotic systems, their advantages over conventional matrix and reservoir types of systems, and their applications are also discussed. Finally, some of the limitations, adverse effects, and patent and market status of these systems are reviewed. These systems form a major segment of drug delivery products. Because of their advantages and strong market potential, it appears that the future of osmotic systems in rate-controlled oral drug delivery is promising.
White matter damage and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury (2010)

White matter disruption is an important determinant of cognitive impairment after brain injury, but conventional neuroimaging underestimates its extent. In contrast, diffusion tensor imaging provides a validated and sensitive way of identifying the impact of axonal injury. The relationship between cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury and white matter damage is likely to be complex. We applied a flexible technique-tract-based spatial statistics-to explore whether damage to specific white matter tracts is associated with particular patterns of cognitive impairment. The commonly affected domains of memory, executive function and information processing speed were investigated in 28 patients in the post-acute/chronic phase following traumatic brain injury and in 26 age-matched controls. Analysis of fractional anisotropy and diffusivity maps revealed widespread differences in white matter integrity between the groups. Patients showed large areas of reduced fractional anisotropy, as well as increased mean and axial diffusivities, compared with controls, despite the small amounts of cortical and white matter damage visible on standard imaging. A stratified analysis based on the presence or absence of microbleeds (a marker of diffuse axonal injury) revealed diffusion tensor imaging to be more sensitive than gradient-echo imaging to white matter damage. The location of white matter abnormality predicted cognitive function to some extent. The structure of the fornices was correlated with associative learning and memory across both patient and control groups, whilst the structure of frontal lobe connections showed relationships with executive function that differed in the two groups. These results highlight the complexity of the relationships between white matter structure and cognition. Although widespread and, sometimes, chronic abnormalities of white matter are identifiable following traumatic brain injury, the impact of these changes on cognitive function is likely to depend on damage to key pathways that link nodes in the distributed brain networks supporting high-level cognitive functions.
Photonic crystal fiber interferometric vector bending sensor (2015)

A compact and highly sensitive interferometric bending sensor (inclinometer) capable of distinguishing the bending or inclination orientation is demonstrated. The device operates in reflection mode and consists of a short segment of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) inserted in conventional single-mode optical fiber (SMF). A microscopic collapsed zone in the PCF-SMF junction allows the excitation and recombination of core modes, hence, to build a mode interferometer. Bending on the device induces asymmetric refractive index changes in the PCF core as well as losses. As a result, the effective indices and intensities of the interfering modes are altered, which makes the interference pattern shift and shrink. The asymmetric index changes in the PCF make our device capable of distinguishing the bending orientation. The sensitivity of our sensor is up to 1225 pm/degree and it can be used to monitor small bending angles (±2°). We believe that the attributes of our sensor make it appealing in a number of applications.
Sleep and use of electronic devices in adolescence: results from a large population-based study (2015)

Use of electronic devices is frequent in adolescence, during the day as well as at bedtime. The results demonstrate a negative relation between use of technology and sleep, suggesting that recommendations on healthy media use could include restrictions on electronic devices.
Randomized trial of pegylated interferon α-2b monotherapy in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C (2005)

In our study group, pegylated interferon alpha-2b was poorly tolerated and was associated with substantial side effects. Sustained response rates seen with pegylated interferon in our study do not appear to be better than rates reported for standard interferon alpha-2b.
Sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food (2003)

Among ten patients who contracted sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E between 2001 and 2002 in Hokkaido, Japan, nine (90 %) had a history of consuming grilled or undercooked pig liver 2-8 weeks before the disease onset. We tested packages of raw pig liver sold in grocery stores as food in Hokkaido for the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA by RT-PCR. Pig liver specimens from seven (1.9 %) of 363 packages had detectable HEV RNA. Partial sequence analyses revealed that the seven swine HEV isolates belonged to genotype III or IV. One swine HEV isolate (swJL145) from a packaged pig liver had 100 % identity with the HE-JA18 isolate recovered from an 86-year-old patient in Hokkaido. Two swine HEV isolates (swJL234 and swJL325) had 98.5-100 % identity with the HE-JA4 isolate obtained from a 44-year-old patient in Hokkaido. These results indicate that inadequately cooked pig liver may transmit HEV to humans.
“Living” Microvascular Stamp for Patterning of Functional Neovessels; Orchestrated Control of Matrix Property and Geometry (2011)

This study presents a “living” microvascular stamp that releases multiple angiogenic factors and subsequently creates functional neovessels with the same pattern as that engraved in the stamp. The stamp consists of live cells that secrete angiogenic factors, an engineered hydrogel matrix that promotes cellular expression of angiogenic factors, and a three-dimensional geometry that localizes the angiogenic factors within the pattern.
Variation in response of Gram-positive cocci to the combination DuP 721 and ciprofloxacin (1989)

Journal Article Variation in response of Gram-positive cocci to the combination DuP 721 and ciprofloxacin Get access W. BRUMFITT, W. BRUMFITT Department of Medical Microbiology, The Royal Free HospitalPond Street, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG. UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. T. HAMILTON-MILLER, J. M. T. HAMILTON-MILLER Department of Medical Microbiology, The Royal Free HospitalPond Street, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG. UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. A. GARGAN R. A. GARGAN Department of Medical Microbiology, The Royal Free HospitalPond Street, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG. UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 24, Issue 3, September 1989, Pages 465–466, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/24.3.465 Published: 01 September 1989
Principles of Japanese Discourse (1998)

Principles of Japanese Discourse offers the first detailed description in English of the structure and rhetorical effects observed in various genres of Japanese discourse. Drawing on Japanese bunshooron and incorporating results of Western discourse studies, the book covers principles of overall rhetorical organisation including ki-shoo-ten-ketsu, topic structure, danraku, and sentence chaining, and presents a variety of rhetorical strategies frequently used in contemporary Japanese texts. After presenting these principles in thirty compact entries, Professor Maynard invites the reader to apply the knowledge gained to the comprehension of contemporary authentic Japanese text. Seven selected readings are presented with vocabulary lists, discourse notes, and other tasks. Translations are provided in the appendix. In this book Professor Maynard has created a new category in the area of Japanese language learning and provided an excellent reference source not only for students but for instructors of the Japanese language worldwide.
Selective Magnesiation of Chloro‐iodopurines: An Efficient Approach to New Purine Derivatives. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Application of Lie method to the spin motion in nonlinear collider fields (1990)

Lie operator method for handling the spin motion equation in collider nonlinear fields is used.The matrix presentation of spin Lie transformation in particle passage through collider elements is obtained.The formulas for combined several spin turn transformations are calculated in vector, matrix and operator forms for the zero, first and second powers component of dynamical variable vector.The expressions for frequency precession vector components in the zero, first and second powers on orbit motion and first powers on spin motion are obtained.The computer code algorithms for nonlinear spin motion calculation are discussed.
Eculizumab for the Treatment of Dense-Deposit Disease (2012)

the experimental data showing that either C5 gene deletion or anti-C5 antibodies ameliorate kidney disease in complement factor H-deficient mice with disease that is similar to dense-deposit disease. 5 We are aware of two other patients with dense-deposit disease who have received eculizumab (Smith RJH: personal communication).One patient, with high sC5b-9 levels, showed a good clinical response, whereas the other, who had normal sC5b-9 levels, did not benefit.We speculate that following sequential blood sC5b-9 levels might help in predicting the response to eculizumab in dense-deposit disease.
In vivo magnetomotive optical molecular imaging using targeted magnetic nanoprobes (2010)

Dynamic magnetomotion of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) detected with magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT) represents a new methodology for contrast enhancement and therapeutic interventions in molecular imaging. In this study, we demonstrate in vivo imaging of dynamic functionalized iron oxide MNPs using MM-OCT in a preclinical mammary tumor model. Using targeted MNPs, in vivo MM-OCT images exhibit strong magnetomotive signals in mammary tumor, and no significant signals were measured from tumors of rats injected with nontargeted MNPs or saline. The results of in vivo MM-OCT are validated by MRI, ex vivo MM-OCT, Prussian blue staining of histological sections, and immunohistochemical analysis of excised tumors and internal organs. The MNPs are antibody functionalized to target the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 neu) protein. Fc-directed conjugation of the antibody to the MNPs aids in reducing uptake by macrophages in the reticulo-endothelial system, thereby increasing the circulation time in the blood. These engineered magnetic nanoprobes have multifunctional capabilities enabling them to be used as dynamic contrast agents in MM-OCT and MRI.
Circular RNA oligonucleotides. Synthesis, nucleic acid binding properties, and a comparison with circular DNAs (1994)

We report the synthesis and nucleic acid binding properties of two cyclic RNA oligonucleotides designed to bind single-stranded nucleic acids by pyr.pur.pyr-type triple helix formation. The circular RNAs are 34 nucleotides in size and were cyclized using a template-directed nonenzymatic ligation. To ensure isomeric 3'-5' purity in the ligation reaction, one nucleotide at the ligation site is a 2'-deoxyribose. One circle (1) is complementary to the sequence 5'-A12, and the second (2) is complementary to 5'-AAGAAAGAAAAG. Results of thermal denaturation experiments and mixing studies show that both circles bind complementary single-stranded DNA or RNA substrates by triple helix formation, in which two domains in a pyrimidine-rich circle sandwich a central purine-rich substrate. The affinities of these circles with their purine complements are much higher than the affinities of either the linear precursors or simple Watson-Crick DNA complements. For example, circle 1 binds rA12 (pH 7.0, 10 mM MgCl2, 100 mM NaCl) with a Tm of 48 degrees C and a Kd (37 degrees C) of 4.1 x 10(-9) M, while the linear precursor of the circle binds with a Tm of 34 degrees C and a Kd of 1.2 x 10(-6) M. The complexes of circle 2 are pH-dependent, as expected for triple helical complexes involving C(+)G.C triads, and mixing plots for both circles reveal one-to-one stoichiometry of binding either to RNA or DNA substrates. Comparison of circular RNAs with previously synthesized circular DNA oligonucleotides of the same sequence reveals similar behavior in the binding of DNA, but strikingly different behavior in the binding of RNA. The cyclic DNAs show high DNA-binding selectivity, giving relatively weaker duplex-type binding with complementary RNAs. The relative order of thermodynamic stability for the four types of triplex studied here is found to be DDD >> RRR > RDR >> DRD. The results are discussed in the context of recent reports of strong triplex dependence on RNA versus DNA backbones. Triplex-forming circular RNAs represent a novel and potentially useful strategy for high-affinity binding of RNA.
A Phase II and Pharmacokinetic Study of Ecteinascidin 743 in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (2002)

This study is the first report of a prospective phase II trial to evaluate a cytotoxic agent in patients with GISTs. This study underscores the primary resistance of GISTS to chemotherapy and stands in stark contrast to the encouraging results recently achieved with STI571. The lack of response may be associated with a therapeutically ineffective exposure to the drug based upon the lower incidence of severe toxicities and greater clearance than described in phase I and II trials of ET-743.
Depth from Combining Defocus and Correspondence Using Light-Field Cameras (2013)

Light-field cameras have recently become available to the consumer market. An array of micro-lenses captures enough information that one can refocus images after acquisition, as well as shift one's viewpoint within the sub-apertures of the main lens, effectively obtaining multiple views. Thus, depth cues from both defocus and correspondence are available simultaneously in a single capture. Previously, defocus could be achieved only through multiple image exposures focused at different depths, while correspondence cues needed multiple exposures at different viewpoints or multiple cameras, moreover, both cues could not easily be obtained together. In this paper, we present a novel simple and principled algorithm that computes dense depth estimation by combining both defocus and correspondence depth cues. We analyze the x-u 2D epipolar image (EPI), where by convention we assume the spatial x coordinate is horizontal and the angular u coordinate is vertical (our final algorithm uses the full 4D EPI). We show that defocus depth cues are obtained by computing the horizontal (spatial) variance after vertical (angular) integration, and correspondence depth cues by computing the vertical (angular) variance. We then show how to combine the two cues into a high quality depth map, suitable for computer vision applications such as matting, full control of depth-of-field, and surface reconstruction.
Network analysis of PET-mapped visual pathways in Alzheimer type dementia (1995)

Using path analysis to determine the systems-level neural networks mediating specific tasks from regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) data obtained by positron emission tomography (PET), we recently found in young subjects strong functional linkages during a face matching task along a right hemisphere ventral network including occipital, temporal, and frontal regions. In this study, PET data obtained during a face matching task from mildly affected patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and healthy matched controls showed that (1) the neural model obtained in young subjects provides a good fit to data from old subjects; (2) although the DAT patients could perform this task with the same accuracy as controls, they did not use the same functional network.
2015 도덕과 교육과정 상의 ‘도덕적 정서 능력’의 위계성 검토와 재조정 (2019)

본 연구는 2015 교육과정이 핵심 역량-교과 역량 - 기능이라는 고유한 위계성을 통해 핵심 역량 함양을 강조한다는 점에 주목하고, 2015 도덕과 교육과정에서 제시한 교과 역량 중 ‘도덕적 정서 능력’의 위계성 검토와 재조정을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 2015 도덕과 교육과정은 교과 역량으로서 도덕적 정서 능력의 설정, 교과 성격으로서 학생들의...
Parasexual crosses and hybrid selection with a near haploid variant of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini, cell line EPC: a tissue culture model for the analyses of dominance, recessiveness, and complementation of mutant phenotypes. (1994)

We describe techniques for insertional mutagenesis of tissue-cultured piscine cells in which we use transfection with G418 and hygromycin B resistance-conferring plasmids, cell matings by electrofusion, and positive selections of fusion hybrids by dual challenge with the antibiotics G418 and hygromycin B. These techniques are designed to facilitate genetic and molecular analyses of tissue-cultured cells. The experiments were conducted with EPC-1, a new variant of the carp epithelioma cyprini cell line. EPC, with a near haploid number of chromosomes, EPC-1 retains cell morphology and growth characteristics of EPC, including anchorage independence, but shows a higher degree of contact inhibition. The number of metaphase chromosomes of EPC-1 is 53, as opposed to 96 reported for EPC.