gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of highly purified human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in quantities sufficient for encephalitogenicity and immunogenicity studies. (1993)

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, (MOG), a quantitatively minor central nervous system (CNS) myelin component, is a candidate target antigen for autoimmune-mediated demyelination. It is a highly hydrophobic protein present in very small amounts in CNS tissue and thereby difficult to purify. Our aim was to devise a purification procedure that would yield sufficient quantities of highly purified MOG to subsequently test its potential encephalitogenic activity, as well as investigate the humoral and cell-mediated responses to this antigen in naturally occurring and experimentally induced autoimmune demyelinating diseases. MOG was purified from human CNS white matter using immunoaffinity chromatography, a procedure that gave a final yield of MOG corresponding to 0.02% total white matter protein. The final product, which migrated as two bands of molecular weight 28 kDa and 58 kDa, was highly pure as shown also by specific reactivity with monoclonal anti-MOG antibodies on immunoblots in the absence of any detectable reactivity with antibodies specific for myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein and myelin-associated glycoprotein. Partial amino acid sequence was obtained from both MOG bands separated by SDS-PAGE and electroblotted onto PVDF. The sequence of the first 17 N-terminal amino acids had approximately 55% homology with the reported rat MOG sequence deduced from the cloned cDNA sequence; small internal sequences obtained showed also very high homology. Our purified MOG preparations have been used to investigate T cell response to MOG by peripheral blood lymphocytes of multiple sclerosis patients and to induce a relapsing remitting demyelinating disease in Lewis rats.
A comparison of gene transfer methods in human dendritic cells. (1997)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for the initiation of antigen-specific T-cell activation. DCs may be highly enriched from peripheral blood-adherent leukocytes by short-term (7-day) culture in the presence of interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Various methods of gene transfer were studied, including DNA/liposome complexes, electroporation, CaPO4 precipitation, and recombinant adenovirus (AdV) vectors. Low levels of expression were obtained with the physical methods tested. In contrast, AdV vectors expressing luciferase, beta-galactosidase, IL-2, and IL-7 all readily transduced human DCs. Increasing levels of gene expression were observed over a range of multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10:1 to 10,000:1, with transduction efficiencies exceeding 95% at higher MOI. Although levels of maximal gene expression in DCs were significantly lower than those obtained using human tumor cell lines, IL-2 and IL-7 production of up to 5 x 10(2) ng/10(6) DC were achieved. These results suggest that AdV vectors are a promising vehicle for genetically engineering human DCs.
Versatile mesoporous carbonaceous materials for acid catalysis (2006)

Starbon mesoporous materials were synthesized after pyrolysis of expanded starch and subsequently functionalised with sulfonated groups, providing highly active and reusable materials in various acid catalysed reactions.
PARALIGN: rapid and sensitive sequence similarity searches powered by parallel computing technology (2005)

PARALIGN is a rapid and sensitive similarity search tool for the identification of distantly related sequences in both nucleotide and amino acid sequence databases. Two algorithms are implemented, accelerated Smith-Waterman and ParAlign. The ParAlign algorithm is similar to Smith-Waterman in sensitivity, while as quick as BLAST for protein searches. A form of parallel computing technology known as multimedia technology that is available in modern processors, but rarely used by other bioinformatics software, has been exploited to achieve the high speed. The software is also designed to run efficiently on computer clusters using the message-passing interface standard. A public search service powered by a large computer cluster has been set-up and is freely available at www.paralign.org, where the major public databases can be searched. The software can also be downloaded free of charge for academic use.
A new candidate for the regulation of erythropoiesis (1982)

The effect of pure human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF I) on the colony formation of late stage erythroid precursor cells (CFU-e) from fetal mouse liver and adult bone marrow was studied in a serum-free culture system. We found that IGF I in physiological concentrations stimulated erythroid colony formation. The combined effect of IGF I and erythropoietin was smaller than the sum of their single effects. The number of colonies induced by IGF I was linearly dependent on the number of plated cells. Our results indicate that IGF I is the first clearly defined mitogen that stimulates the late stages of erythroid differentiation independently of erythropoietin.
Global localization using distinctive visual features (2003)

We have previously developed a mobile robot system which uses scale invariant visual landmarks to localize and simultaneously build a 3D map of the environment In this paper, we look at global localization, also known as the kidnapped robot problem, where the robot localizes itself globally, without any prior location estimate. This is achieved by matching distinctive landmarks in the current frame to a database map. A Hough transform approach and a random sample consensus (RANSAC) approach for global localization are compared, showing that RANSAC is much more efficient. Moreover, robust global localization can be achieved by matching a small sub-map of the local region built from multiple frames.
Structural insights from a P450 Carrier Protein complex reveal how specificity is achieved in the P450BioIACP complex (2008)

Cytochrome P450(BioI) (CYP107H1) from the biotin operon of Bacillus subtilis forms a seven-carbon diacid through a multistep oxidative cleavage of a fatty acid linked to acyl carrier protein (ACP). Crystal structures of P450(BioI) in complex with three different length fatty acyl-ACP (Escherichia coli) ligands show that P450(BioI) binds the fatty acid such as to force the carbon chain into a U-shape above the active site heme. This positions the C7 and C8 carbons for oxidation, with a large additional cavity extending beyond the heme to accommodate the methyl termini of fatty acids beyond the site of cleavage. The structures explain the experimentally observed lack of stereo- and regiospecificity in the hydroxylation and cleavage of free fatty acids. The P450(BioI)-ACP complexes represent the only structurally characterized P450-carrier protein complexes to date, which has allowed the generation of a model of the interaction of the vancomycin biosynthetic P450 OxyB with its proposed carrier protein bound substrate.
Efficacy and Safety Study of 1.62% Testosterone Gel for the Treatment of Hypogonadal Men (2011)

In this study, treatment with 1.62% testosterone gel was safe and efficacious, resulting in an acceptable percentage of hypogonadal males achieving eugonadal serum testosterone levels.
Lymphotoxin Is an Important T Cell-Derived Growth Factor for Human B Cells (1987)

Two different assays for B cell growth factors (BCGF) and an antibody against lymphotoxin were used to show that the presence of lymphotoxin in conditioned media derived from normal activated T cells and in a partially purified BCGF accounts for a substantial portion of their B cell growth-promoting activity. A competitive binding assay confirmed the presence of significant amounts of lymphotoxin in the partially purified BCGF. Recombinant lymphotoxin enhanced the proliferation of activated B cells and augmented B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion induced by interleukin-2.
Characterization of the C-Terminal Nuclease Domain of Herpes Simplex Virus pUL15 as a Target of Nucleotidyltransferase Inhibitors (2016)

The natural product α-hydroxytropolones manicol and β-thujaplicinol inhibit replication of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively) at nontoxic concentrations. Because these were originally developed as divalent metal-sequestering inhibitors of the ribonuclease H activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, α-hydroxytropolones likely target related HSV proteins of the nucleotidyltransferase (NTase) superfamily, which share an "RNase H-like" fold. One potential candidate is pUL15, a component of the viral terminase molecular motor complex, whose C-terminal nuclease domain, pUL15C, has recently been crystallized. Crystallography also provided a working model for DNA occupancy of the nuclease active site, suggesting potential protein-nucleic acid contacts over a region of ∼ 14 bp. In this work, we extend crystallographic analysis by examining pUL15C-mediated hydrolysis of short, closely related DNA duplexes. In addition to defining a minimal substrate length, this strategy facilitated construction of a dual-probe fluorescence assay for rapid kinetic analysis of wild-type and mutant nucleases. On the basis of its proposed role in binding the phosphate backbone, studies with pUL15C variant Lys700Ala showed that this mutation affected neither binding of duplex DNA nor binding of small molecule to the active site but caused a 17-fold reduction in the turnover rate (kcat), possibly by slowing conversion of the enzyme-substrate complex to the enzyme-product complex and/or inhibiting dissociation from the hydrolysis product. Finally, with a view of pUL15-associated nuclease activity as an antiviral target, the dual-probe fluorescence assay, in combination with differential scanning fluorimetry, was used to demonstrate inhibition by several classes of small molecules that target divalent metal at the active site.
Threshold pump power of a solar-pumped dye laser (1988)

Threshold solar power for dye laser pumping has been determined by measuring the gain of a rhodamine 6G dye laser amplifier at various solar-simulated irradiances on an amplifier cell. The measured threshold was 20 000 solar constants (2.7 kW/cm2) for the dye volume of 2×5×40 mm3 and the optimum dye concentration of 1×10−3 M. The threshold is about one-third of that achievable with a high-intensity solar concentrator.
Novel Polyphenylenes Containing Phenol-Substituted Oxadiazole Moieties as Fluorescent Chemosensors for Fluoride Ion (2005)

Novel phenyl-based conjugated polymers with different content of 2,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (1) or 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (2) units in the main chain were synthesized through Suzuki coupling. The measurements of sensing behavior to various anions, i.e., F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, BF4-, PF6-, and H2PO4-, reveal that the polymers are highly sensitive and selective F- sensory materials, and the sensitivity is much higher than that of small molecules 1 and 2. The best performance was observed with polymer P3 containing 40 mol % oxadiazole unit 1. A 380-fold fluorescence quenching occurred upon adding F- into P3 chloroform solution, with only 6-fold reduction of emission by using H2PO4- instead. Addition of other anions caused almost no change in emission spectra. The sensitivity of the polymers to F- decreases with increasing solvent polarity. Like molecules 1 and 2, these polymers can also be used as colorimetric sensors for F- and H2PO4-.
Intrarenal Renin Angiotensin System Imbalance During Postnatal Life Is Associated With Increased Microvascular Density in the Mature Kidney (2020)

Environmental stress during early life is an important factor that affects the postnatal renal development. We have previously shown that male rats exposed to maternal separation (MatSep), a model of early life stress, are normotensive but display a sex-specific reduced renal function and exacerbated angiotensin II (AngII)-mediated vascular responses as adults. Since optimal AngII levels during postnatal life are required for normal maturation of the kidney, this study was designed to investigate both short- and long-term effect of MatSep on (1) the renal vascular architecture and function, (2) the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components status, and (3) the genome-wide expression of genes in isolated renal vasculature. Renal tissue and plasma were collected from male rats at different postnatal days (P) for intrarenal RAS components mRNA and protein expression measurements at P2, 6, 10, 14, 21, and 90 and microCT analysis at P21 and 90. Although with similar body weight and renal mass trajectories from P2 to P90, MatSep rats displayed decreased renal filtration capacity at P90, while increased microvascular density at both P21 and P90 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). MatSep increased renal expression of renin, and angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but reduced ACE2 mRNA expression and activity from P2-14 compared to controls. However, intrarenal levels of AngII peptide were reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) possible due to the increased degradation to AngIII by aminopeptidase A. In isolated renal vasculature from neonates, Enriched Biological Pathways functional clusters (EBPfc) from genes changed by MatSep reported to modulate extracellular structure organization, inflammation, and pro-angiogenic transcription factors. Our data suggest that male neonates exposed to MatSep could display permanent changes in the renal microvascular architecture in response to intrarenal RAS imbalance in the context of the atypical upregulation of angiogenic factors.
Mapping target signatures via partial unmixing of AVIRIS data (1995)

A complete spectral unmixing of a complicated AVIRIS scene may not always be possible or even desired. High quality data of spectrally complex areas are very high dimensional and are consequently difficult to fully unravel. Partial unmixing provides a method of solving only that fraction of the data inversion problem that directly relates to the specific goals of the investigation. Many applications of imaging spectrometry can be cast in the form of the following question: 'Are my target signatures present in the scene, and if so, how much of each target material is present in each pixel?' This is a partial unmixing problem. The number of unmixing endmembers is one greater than the number of spectrally defined target materials. The one additional endmember can be thought of as the composite of all the other scene materials, or 'everything else'. Several workers have proposed partial unmixing schemes for imaging spectrometry data, but each has significant limitations for operational application. The low probability detection methods described by Farrand and Harsanyi and the foreground-background method of Smith et al are both examples of such partial unmixing strategies. The new method presented here builds on these innovative analysis concepts, combining their different positive attributes while attempting to circumvent their limitations. This new method partially unmixes AVIRIS data, mapping apparent target abundances, in the presence of an arbitrary and unknown spectrally mixed background. It permits the target materials to be present in abundances that drive significant portions of the scene covariance. Furthermore it does not require a priori knowledge of the background material spectral signatures. The challenge is to find the proper projection of the data that hides the background variance while simultaneously maximizing the variance amongst the targets.
Macroreticular Ion Exchange Resins (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacroreticular Ion Exchange ResinsRobert. Kunin, Erich. Meitzner, and Newman. BortnickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 2, 305–306Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00861a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00861a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1055Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
B Cell Depletion with Anti-CD79 mAbs Ameliorates Autoimmune Disease in MRL/ lpr Mice (2008)

MRL/lpr mice develop a spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus-like autoimmune syndrome due to a dysfunctional Fas receptor, with contributions from other less well-defined genetic loci. The removal of B cells by genetic manipulation not only prevents autoantibody formation, but it also results in substantially reduced T cell activation and kidney inflammation. To determine whether B cell depletion by administration of Abs is effective in lupus mice with an intact immune system and established disease, we screened several B cell-specific mAbs and found that a combination of anti-CD79alpha and anti-CD79beta Abs was most effective at depleting B cells in vivo. Anti-CD79 therapy started at 4-5 mo of age in MRL/lpr mice significantly decreased B cells (B220(+)CD19(+)) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleens. Treated mice also had a significant increase in the number of both double-negative T cells and naive CD4(+) T cells, and a decreased relative abundance of CD4(+) memory cells. Serum anti-chromatin IgG levels were significantly decreased compared with controls, whereas serum anti-dsDNA IgG, total IgG, or total IgM were unaffected. Overall, survival was improved with lower mean skin scores and significantly fewer focal inflammatory infiltrates in submandibular salivary glands and kidneys. Anti-CD79 mAbs show promise as a potential treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus and as a model for B cell depletion in vivo.
Principles of Antineoplastic Drug Development and Pharmacology (1996)

Principles of Drug Development Cancer Drug Screening, Michael R. Grever The Human Tumor-Cloning Assay, Axel-R. Hanauske, Susan G. Hilsenbeck, and Daniel D. Von Hoff Phase I Clinical Trial Design, Rosemarie Mick The New Drug Approval Process: Clinical and Regulatory Aspects, Renzo Canetta Development of Biological Agents, Rosemary Mazanet, Mary Ann Foote, and George Morstyn Principles of Antineoplastic Pharmacology Clinical Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, B. W. Berry and Charles Erlichman Principles of Pharmokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Mark J. Ratain and Rosemary Mick Biochemical Modulation of Cancer Chemotherapy, George A. Sotos and Carmen J. Allegra Drug Interactions in Cancer Chemotherapy, Francois Lokiec Drug-Radiation Interactions, Everett E. Vokes Principles of Chemotherapy Interaction with Biological Agents, Mario Sznol, Christine L. Carter and Dan L. Longo Hematopoietic Growth Factors and Cancer Chemotherapy, Michael S. Gordon Dose Intensity, William M. Hryniuk Principles of Chemotherapy Dosing Polymorphic Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, Zhihong Lu and Robert B. Diasio Human Cytochrome P-450, Frank J. Gonzalez Cellular Pharmacodynamics of Anticancer Drugs, Peter J. O'Dwyer, Thomas C. Hamilton, Kang-Shen Yao, Robert F. Ozols, and James M. Gallo Cancer Chemotherapy in the Elderly, Maurice Schneider Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology in Children, Steven Weitman and Barton A. Kamen Adaptive Control of Drug Dosage Regimens: Basic Concepts, Relevant Issues, and Clinical Applications, Roger W. Jelliffe Individualized Dosing of Anticancer Drugs, Alan V. Boddy and A. Hilary Calvert Principles of Drug Resistance Multidrug Resistance, Ahmad R. Safa DNA Topoisomerases and Tumor Cell Resistance to Their Inhibitors, William T. Beck The Glutathione System and Drug Resistance, Gerald Batist, Robyn L. Schecter, and Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali Importance of DNA Repair in Cancer Chemotherapy, M. Eileen Dolan Resistance to Antimetabolites, Godefridus J. Peters and Gerrit Jansen Principles of Drug Delivery Targeted Drug Delivery, Pramod K. Gupta, John B. Cannon, and Anil Kumar Tibrewal Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy, William D. Ensminger Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy, Maurie Markman Intrathecal Chemotherapy, Susan M. Blaney and David G. Poplack Systemic Infusional Chemotherapy, Jacob J. Lokich and Norwood Anderson Circadian Pharmacodynamics, William J. M. Hrushesky, Robert de W. Marsh, and Patricia A. Wood
Synthesis or rupture: duration of acid inhibition by proton pump inhibitors. (2003)

Insight has been gained into the relationship between the structure of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), their binding, and their suppression of acid secretion. PPIs accumulate in the acidic space of the secreting parietal cell, where then their active forms create disulfide bonds with key cysteines of the H(+), K(+)-ATPase. Studies in humans on the half-lives of recovery of acid secretion have found that while lansoprazole showed a half-life of less than 15 h, and both omeprazole and rabeprazole showed one of less than 30 h, for pantoprazole the half-life was approximately 46 h. This difference in duration of inhibition with PPIs may be related to variations in proton pump inhibitor dwell time. A study in rats suggests that the recovery of gastric pump activity after treatment with omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole and rabeprazole is likely due to both reversal of binding by disulfide-reducing agents and to pump synthesis. However, for pantoprazole, reversal of acid inhibition is probably due mainly to de novo pump synthesis and not loss of binding. This profile is likely related to the unique binding of pantoprazole to cysteine 822, a binding site which is buried deep within the membrane domain of the pump and may therefore be inaccessible to reducing agents. Although clinical data supporting these findings are limited, prolonged binding of pantoprazole may confer a longer duration of action in comparison with other PPIs.
Enhancement mode AlGaN/GaN HFET with selectivelygrown pn junction gate (2000)

A report is presented into the fabrication and characterisation of an enhancement mode AlGaN/GaN heterojunction field-effect transistor (HFET) with selectively grown pn junction gate. At zero gate bias the device channel is depleted due to the high built-in potential of the gate-channel junction. The selective area growth approach enables both depletion and enhancement mode HFETs to be fabricated on the same wafer thus opening up the possibility of designing high speed, low consumption GaN-based logical integrated circuits.