gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modular Synthesis of Pantetheine and Phosphopantetheine (2004)

[structure: see text] D-Pantetheine and D-phosphopantetheine, precursors to coenzyme A, have been synthesized though a linear sequence from three modules (M1-M3) in 9 and 10 steps, respectively. These routes provide access to analogues of coenzyme A containing modified cystamines, beta-alanines, and pantoic acid residues. All three modules were joined using conventional methods of peptide synthesis. The chiral component, M3, was derived from D-pantolactone.
Dissipative Kerr solitons in optical microresonators (2018)

The development of compact, chip-scale optical frequency comb sources (microcombs) based on parametric frequency conversion in microresonators has seen applications in terabit optical coherent communications, atomic clocks, ultrafast distance measurements, dual-comb spectroscopy, and the calibration of astophysical spectrometers and have enabled the creation of photonic-chip integrated frequency synthesizers. Underlying these recent advances has been the observation of temporal dissipative Kerr solitons in microresonators, which represent self-enforcing, stationary, and localized solutions of a damped, driven, and detuned nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which was first introduced to describe spatial self-organization phenomena. The generation of dissipative Kerr solitons provide a mechanism by which coherent optical combs with bandwidth exceeding one octave can be synthesized and have given rise to a host of phenomena, such as the Stokes soliton, soliton crystals, soliton switching, or dispersive waves. Soliton microcombs are compact, are compatible with wafer-scale processing, operate at low power, can operate with gigahertz to terahertz line spacing, and can enable the implementation of frequency combs in remote and mobile environments outside the laboratory environment, on Earth, airborne, or in outer space.
Geriatric cardiology : principles and practice (1994)

Partial table of contents: FUNDAMENTALS OF AGEING. Demography (A. Martin). Economics and Health Policy (N. Bosanquet & A. Zajdler). EXAMINATION. Clinical Examination (A. Leatham). The Chest Radiograph (A. Wilson). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF AGEING. Cardiovascular Pathology in Old Age (J. Mann & M. Davies). Pharmacological Aspects of Cardiac Drug Treatment in the Elderly (L. Opie). SYSTEMATIC DISEASES. Muscle Disease (P. Keeling & W. McKenna). Metabolic and Endocrine Disease in the Elderly (C. Seymour & J. Reckless). SYNDROMES. The Heart and Stroke Disease (A. Martin). Chest Pain (B. Williams). MAJOR ELEMENTS OF THERAPY. Surgery (D. Wheatley & D. Taggart). Interventional Techniques (A. Turner & D. Ward). RESEARCH INTO HEART DISEASE IN OLD AGE. A North American Perspective (E. Lakatta & B. Gersh). Ethical Considerations (J. Taylor). Index.
Measurement of noise in magnetic media (1983)

A model for medium noise in thin film and particulate discs is presented. The model is based on both time jitter and spectrum analyzer measurements. Thin metallic film discs have different noise mechanisms from either particulate or sputtered γ-Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> discs. A signal-to-noise ratio equal to the signal /rms noise measured at the predetection filter output gives accurate prediction of peak jitter only if the noise is measured at the transitlon density giving maximum noise.
Transcription repression by Xenopus ET and its human ortholog TBX3, a gene involved in ulnar-mammary syndrome (1999)

T box (Tbx) genes are a family of developmental regulators with more than 20 members recently identified in invertebrates and vertebrates. Mutations in Tbx genes have been found to cause several human diseases. Our understanding of functional mechanisms of Tbx products has come mainly from the prototypical T/Brachyury, which is a transcription activator. We previously discovered ET, a Tbx gene expressed in Xenopus embryos. We report here that ET is an ortholog of the human Tbx3 and that ET is a repressor of basal and activated transcription. Functional dissection of the ET protein reveals a novel transcription-repression domain highly conserved among ET, human TBX3, and TBX2. These results reveal a new transcription repressor domain, show the existence of a subfamily of transcription repressors in the Tbx superfamily, and provide a basis for understanding etiology of diseases caused by Tbx3 mutations.
Inflammatory Cytokines Presented from Polymer Matrices Differentially Generate and Activate DCs In Situ (2013)

During infection, inflammatory cytokines mobilize and activate dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential for efficacious T cell priming and immune responses that clear the infection. Here we designed macroporous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) matrices to release the inflammatory cytokines GM-CSF, Flt3L and CCL20, in order to mimic infection-induced DC recruitment. We then tested the ability of these infection mimics to function as cancer vaccines via induction of specific, anti-tumor T cell responses. All vaccine systems tested were able to confer specific anti-tumor T cell responses and longterm survival in a therapeutic, B16-F10 melanoma model. However, GM-CSF and Flt3L vaccines resulted in similar survival rates, and outperformed CCL20 loaded scaffolds, even though they had differential effects on DC recruitment and generation. GM-CSF signaling was identified as the most potent chemotactic factor for conventional DCs and significantly enhanced surface expression of MHC(II) and CD86(+), which are utilized for priming T cell immunity. In contrast, Flt3L vaccines led to greater numbers of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), correlating with increased levels of T cell priming cytokines that amplify T cell responses. These results demonstrate that 3D polymer matrices modified to present inflammatory cytokines may be utilized to effectively mobilize and activate different DC subsets <i>in vivo</i> for immunotherapy.
Oxidative stress and airway inflammation in severe exacerbations of COPD (2005)

There is evidence of increased oxidative stress in the airways of patients with COPD that is increased further in severe and very severe exacerbations of the disease. This is associated with increased neutrophil influx and IL-8 levels during exacerbations.
Continuing Education for Advanced Manual and Manipulative Physiotherapists in Canada: A Survey of Perceived Needs (2011)

AMPTs' preferred CE formats are inconsistent with the CE opportunities in which they participate. CE initiatives for AMPTs should include hands-on training and should account for time and cost to make CE opportunities more readily available to them.
S49. Clinical activity and development of biomarkers for an engineered anti PDL1 antibody MPDL3280A (2014)

Meeting abstracts Human cancer cells may suppress the adaptive immune response by expressing PD-L1 and down-regulating T cell activity through PD-L1/PD-1 and PD-L1/B7.1 interactions. Disruption of PD-L1 signaling restores anti-tumor immunity, resulting in durable responses across multiple human
Accurate estimation of the number of tuples satisfying a condition (1984)

We present a new method for estimating the number of tuples satisfying a condition of the type attribute rel constant, where rel is one of =, >,
Size dependence of lifetime and absorption cross section of Si nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 (2003)

Photoluminescence lifetimes and optical absorption cross sections of Si nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 have been studied as a function of their average size and emission energy. The lifetimes span from 20 μs for the smallest sizes (2.5 nm) to more than 200 μs for the largest ones (7 nm). The passivation of nonradiative interface states by hydrogenation increases the lifetime for a given size. In contrast with porous Si, the cross section per nanocrystal shows a nonmonotonic behavior with emission energy. In fact, although the density of states above the gap increases for larger nanocrystals, this trend is compensated by a stronger reduction of the oscillator strength, providing an overall reduction of the absorption cross section per nanocrystal for increasing size.
Altered expression of microRNA-451 in eutopic endometrium of baboons ( Papio anubis ) with endometriosis (2020)

Are microRNAs (miRs) altered in the eutopic endometrium (EuE) of baboons following the induction of endometriosis?
Microscopic Modes and Free Energies of 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Kinase-1 (PDK1) Binding with Celecoxib and Other Inhibitors (2006)

Celecoxib, also known as Celebrex (approved by FDA in 1998) and remembered as the fastest-selling drug in history, was used as a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor having both anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Most recent studies have revealed that the apoptotic activity of celecoxib (and its derivatives) is actually independent of the COX-2 inhibitory activity and that celecoxib also inhibits the kinase activity of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), suggesting that the well-known anticancer activity of celecoxib is not due to the inhibition of COX-2, but possibly is due to the inhibition of PDK1. It is highly desirable to develop new celecoxib derivatives as PDK1-specifc inhibitors to avoid the side effects of COX-2 inhibitors. To understand how PDK1 binds with celecoxib and its derivatives, we have performed extensive molecular docking and combined molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) binding free energy calculations on eight representative PDK1 inhibitors, leading to the finding of a new, more favorable binding mode which is remarkably different from the previously proposed binding mode. Based on the determined most stable binding structures, the calculated binding free energies are all in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data, and the biological activity data available for celecoxib and its derivatives can be better interpreted. The obtained new insights, concerning both the binding mode and computational protocol, will be valuable not only for future rational design of novel, more potent PDK1-specific inhibitors as promising anticancer therapeutics, but also for rational design of drugs targeting other proteins.
Purification and Properties of Alkaline Proteinase from Aspergillus oryzae (1973)

Journal Article Purification and Properties of Alkaline Proteinase from Aspergillus oryzae Get access Tadanobu Nakadai, Tadanobu Nakadai Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Seiichi Nasuno, Seiichi Nasuno Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobuyoshi Iguchi Nobuyoshi Iguchi Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 37, Issue 12, 1 December 1973, Pages 2685–2694, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1973.10861071 Published: 01 December 1973 Article history Received: 18 December 1972 Published: 01 December 1973
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) activity in leukemia blasts correlates with poor outcome in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (2013)

Microenvironmental factors contribute to the immune dysfunction characterizing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible enzyme that degrades tryptophan into kynurenine, which, in turn, inhibits effector T cells and promotes regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation. It is presently unknown whether childhood AML cells express IDO1 and whether IDO1 activity correlates with patient outcome. We investigated IDO1 expression and function in 37 children with newly diagnosed AML other than acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blast cells were cultured with exogenous IFN-γ for 24 hours, followed by the measurement of kynurenine production and tryptophan consumption. No constitutive expression of IDO1 protein was detected in blast cells from the 37 AML samples herein tested. Conversely, 19 out of 37 (51%) AML samples up-regulated functional IDO1 protein in response to IFN-γ. The inability to express IDO1 by the remaining 18 AML samples was not apparently due to a defective IFN-γ signaling circuitry, as suggested by the measurement of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicated the occurrence of physical interactions between STAT3 and IDO1 in AML blasts. In line with this finding, STAT3 inhibitors abrogated IDO1 function in AML blasts. Interestingly, levels of IFN-γ were significantly higher in the bone marrow fluid of IDO-expressing compared with IDO-nonexpressing AMLs. In mixed tumor lymphocyte cultures (MTLC), IDO-expressing AML blasts blunted the ability of allogeneic naïve T cells to produce IFN-γ and promoted Treg differentiation. From a clinical perspective, the 8-year event-free survival was significantly worse in IDO-expressing children (16.4%, SE 9.8) as compared with IDO-nonexpressing ones (48.0%, SE 12.1; p=0.035). These data indicate that IDO1 expression by leukemia blasts negatively affects the prognosis of childhood AML. Moreover, they speak in favor of the hypothesis that IDO can be targeted, in adjunct to current chemotherapy approaches, to improve the clinical outcome of children with AML.
On the Origins of Late Modernity: Environmentalism and the construction of a critical global consciousness (2011)

Neste estudo, defende-se que o ambientalismo (environmentalism) como cosmovisão desempenhou um papel central, e por vezes subestimado, na transição entre a primeira fase inicial da modernidade e a assim denominada “modernidade avançada”. Propôe-se que o ambientalismo foi um das primeiras abordagens teóricas que contestou os “grands récits” da primeira modernidade no que toca ao progresso, à historicidade e ao triunfo do Homem sobre a Natureza. Da mesma maneira, estabeleceram-se “récits” alternativos sobre a globalização, a insegurança, o cosmopolitanismo e a autoridade.
The Image Processing Handbook (2006)

Now in its fifth edition, John C. Russ‘s monumental image processing reference is an even more complete, modern, and hands-on tool than ever before. The Image Processing Handbook, Fifth Edition is fully updated and expanded to reflect the latest developments in the field. Written by an expert with unequalled experience and authority, it offers clea
Variation Aware Spline Center and Range Modeling for Analog Circuit Performance (2008)

With scaling technologies, process variations have increased significantly. This has led to deviations in analog performance from their expected values. Performance macromodeling aids in reduction of synthesis time by removing the simulation overhead. In this work, we develop a novel spline based center and range method (SCRM) for process variation aware performance macro-modeling (VAPMAC) which works on interval valued data. Experiments demonstrate around 200K times computational time advantage using VAPMAC generated macromodels over SPICE Monte Carlo simulation. The results also demonstrate less than 10% loss in accuracy in computing the performance bounds using the macromodels compared to the SPICE simulations.
Regulation of glucose homeostasis in humans with denervated livers. (1997)

The liver plays a major role in regulating glucose metabolism, and since its function is influenced by sympathetic/ parasympathetic innervation, we used liver graft as a model of denervation to study the role of CNS in modulating hepatic glucose metabolism in humans. 22 liver transplant subjects were randomly studied by means of the hyperglycemic/ hyperinsulinemic (study 1), hyperglycemic/isoinsulinemic (study 2), euglycemic/hyperinsulinemic (study 3) as well as insulin-induced hypoglycemic (study 4) clamp, combined with bolus-continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose and indirect calorimetry to determine the effect of different glycemic/insulinemic levels on endogenous glucose production and on peripheral glucose uptake. In addition, postabsorptive glucose homeostasis was cross-sectionally related to the transplant age (range = 40 d-35 mo) in 4 subgroups of patients 2, 6, 15, and 28 mo after transplantation. 22 subjects with chronic uveitis (CU) undergoing a similar immunosuppressive therapy and 35 normal healthy subjects served as controls. The results showed that successful transplantation was associated with fasting glucose concentration and endogenous glucose production in the lower physiological range within a few weeks after transplantation, and this pattern was maintained throughout the 28-mo follow-up period. Fasting glucose (4. 55+/-0.06 vs. 4.75+/-0.06 mM; P = 0.038) and endogenous glucose production (11.3+/-0.4 vs. 12.9+/-0.5 micromol/[kg.min]; P = 0.029) were lower when compared to CU and normal patients. At different combinations of glycemic/insulinemic levels, liver transplant (LTx) patients showed a comparable inhibition of endogenous glucose production. In contrast, in hypoglycemia, after a temporary fall endogenous glucose production rose to values comparable to those of the basal condition in CU and normal subjects (83+/-5 and 92+/-5% of basal), but it did not in LTx subjects (66+/-7%; P < 0.05 vs. CU and normal subjects). Fasting insulin and C-peptide levels were increased up to 6 mo after transplantation, indicating insulin resistance partially induced by prednisone. In addition, greater C-peptide but similar insulin levels during the hyperglycemic clamp (study 1) suggested an increased hepatic insulin clearance in LTx as compared to normal subjects. Fasting glucagon concentration was higher 6 mo after transplantation and thereafter. During euglycemia/hyperinsulinemia (study 3), the insulin-induced glucagon suppression detectable in CU and normal subjects was lacking in LTx subjects; furthermore, the counterregulatory response during hypoglycemia was blunted. In summary, liver transplant subjects have normal postabsorptive glucose metabolism, and glucose and insulin challenge elicit normal response at both hepatic and peripheral sites. Nevertheless, (a) minimal alteration of endogenous glucose production, (b) increased concentration of insulin and glucagon, and (c) defective counterregulation during hypoglycemia may reflect an alteration of the liver-CNS-islet circuit which is due to denervation of the transplanted graft.
Analysis of the application and potential mechanism about the preoperative oral carbohydrate in colorectal surgery for ERAS mode (2017)

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) represents a multimodal approach to improve the outcomes of medical treatment and care. Colorectal surgery initiates a series of physiological and psychological stress processes in the body, inducing transient insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a central metabolic response to surgery and it has been shown to increase morbidity and mortality after surgery. Thus its early detection and remedy would directly lead to great improvement of outcomes. Preoperative intake of oral carbohydrates for ERAS has resulted in attenuating the development of postoperative insulin resistance and being one of the important methods of preoperative metabolic regulation in colorectal surgery.


Key words: 
Colorectal neoplasms; Surgical procedures, operative; Preoperative oral; Insulin resistance; Enhanced recovery after surgery
Diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic pulmonary edema in children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (2011)

Severe hand foot and mouth disease can lead to death when accompanied by neurogenic pulmonary edema. Early identifying involvement of central nervous system, focusing on the evidences of excited sympathetic nerve tension and high risks of neurogenic pulmonary edema, monitoring respiratory rate,dyspnea, cyanosis, fine and medium rales in lungs are critical to prognosis. Managing fluid loading strictly, decreasing intracranial hypertension, supporting actively respiratory function and strengthening airway management are key points for the treatment of neurogenic pulmonary edema.

Key words: 
Severe hand foot and mouth disease ; Neurogenic pulmonary edema; Diagnosis; Treatment
Rapid, Low-Technology MIC Determination with Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates by Using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (1998)

A colorimetric, microplate-based Alamar Blue assay (MABA) method was used to determine the MICs of isoniazid (INH), rifampin, streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EMB) for 34 Peruvian Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates (including both pansensitive and multidrug-resistant strains) and the H37Rv strain by using bacterial suspensions prepared directly from solid media. Results for all isolates were available within 8 days. Discordant results were observed on initial tests for 3 of 16 INH-susceptible isolates, 5 of 31 EMB-susceptible isolates, and 2 of 4 SM-resistant isolates (by the BACTEC 460 system). The overall agreements between the MICs obtained by MABA and the results obtained with the BACTEC 460 system were 87.9% for initial results and 93.6% after retesting 12 of 17 samples with discrepant results. Interpretation of MABA endpoints improved with technical experience. The MABA is a simple, rapid, low-cost, appropriate technology which does not require expensive instrumentation and which makes use of a nontoxic, temperature-stable reagent.
Chemoselective addition of organotitanium reagents to carbonyl compounds (1985)

Abstract The conversion of classical carbanions such as RMgX, RLi, or deprotonated nitriles, sulfones, and carboxylic esters into titanium analogs results which add chemoselectively to carbonyl compounds in the presence of other functional groups. The standard titanating agent is chlorotrisopropoxytitanium ( 1 ). Grignard‐type reactions and aldol additions are aldehyde‐selective in the presence of ketones. Other functional groups such as alkyl and aryl halides, esters, amides as well as nitro and cyano moieties are tolerated. Discrimination between two aldehydes or two ketones is also possible. Replacing alkoxy ligands by methyl groups at titanium increases reactivity dramatically, relatives rates increasing in the series CH 3 Ti(OCHMe 2 ) 3 &lt; (CH 3 ) 2 Ti‐(OCHMe 2 ) 2 &lt; (CH 3 ) 4 Ti. The latter reagent and its zirconium analog methylate sterically hindered and/or enolizable ketones which normally fail to undergo Grignard reactions. The ate complex H 2 C  CHCH 2 Ti(OCHMe 2 ) 4 MgCl ( 63 ) is aldehyde‐selective, while the amino analog H 2 C  CHCH 2 Ti(NMe 2 ) 4 MgCl ( 64 ) adds selectively to ketones in the presence of aldehydes.
Calculating Phase Diagrams of Polymer−Platelet Mixtures Using Density Functional Theory:  Implications for Polymer/Clay Composites (1999)

We analyze the thermodynamics of disklike particles dispersed in a polymer matrix. Using the Somoza−Tarazona free energy functional for thin oblate ellipsoids of revolution in combination with the Flory−Huggins mixing free energy, we obtain a new expression that allows us to describe the complete (liquid, crystalline, and liquid crystalline) phase diagram for the mixture as a function of shape anisotropy κ, polymer chain length N, and the disk−disk interaction parameter, q. It is shown that at large q and/or N positional ordering plays an important role in determining the stability and morphology of such mixtures.