gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 25-nm-long Channel Metal-Gate p-Type Schottky Source/Drain Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor on Separation-by-Implanted-Oxygen Substrate (2000)

A 25-nm-long channel metal-gate PtSi Schottky source/drain metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) fabricated on a separation-by-implanted-oxygen (SIMOX) substrate was demonstrated. The drain current and transconductance were 293 µA/µm and 431 mS/mm, respectively.
Integrating the clinical approach into pedagogy courses (1986)

Abstract Prospective teachers require a carefully planned curriculum that integrates realistic practice in all the activities of teaching with theory and research in pedagogy.
Expression of BNIP3 correlates with hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α, HIF‐2α and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer and is regulated directly by hypoxia but not androgens in cell lines (2007)

These findings suggest that BNIP3 is directly regulated by hypoxia but that there may be a hormonal independent mechanism coordinating the expression of BNIP3 in prostate tumors.
Preparation of Organometallic Compounds from Highly Reactive Metal Powders (1989)

The formation of novel organometallic compounds by the reaction of organic substrates with finely divided metal powders represents a powerful tool for the synthetic chemist. The direct reaction with a zerovalent metal is the only viable method of synthesis for many of these compounds. Accordingly, chemists have been actively developing new methods for increasing the reactivity of metal powders toward organic substrates. Three principal approaches have been developed in recent years: the metal vaporization method, sonochemistry, and the preparation of finely divided metal powders by the reduction of metal salts. A number of new methods of synthesis have resulted from these studies.
Ipilimumab: its potential in non-small cell lung cancer (2011)

Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that enhances antitumor immunity by way of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 blockade. It has already been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and is being investigated for treating other solid tumors such as renal cell, prostate and lung cancers. This review details the potential of ipilimumab in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In particular, ipilimumab showed promising results in a first-line NSCLC phase II study combining carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy with concurrent or phased ipilimumab. The median immune-related progression-free survival was 5.68 months for the phased ipilimumab arm versus 4.63 months for chemotherapy alone (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.68, p = 0.026) and 5.52 months for the concurrent ipilimumab arm versus 4.63 months for chemotherapy alone (HR = 0.77, p = 0.094). The main adverse events were immune related, such as hypophysitis, enterocolitis, and hyperthyroidism. These adverse events may be improved with high-dose glucocorticoids and may be correlated with tumor response. Phase III studies are ongoing. Future studies may investigate ipilimumab in the management of early stage lung cancer. Strategies for potential translational research studies are also discussed to identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers for the use of ipilimumab in the treatment of patients with NSCLC.
Development of a Tissue-Engineered Bypass Graft Seeded with Stem Cells (2006)

The gold standard conduit for bypass of diseased small-diameter arteries remains autologous vascular tissue. In the absence of such tissue, patients are offered bypass with prosthetic material, with far less durable results. Vascular tissue engineering, the creation of a vascular conduit by seeding a tubular scaffold with various cells, may offer an alternative approach to this difficult situation. Herein we review some of the significant challenges that remain in designing an ideal vascular conduit and outline potential solutions offered by a graft created by seeding natural vascular tissue (decellularized vein allograft) with readily available autologous cells (adipose-derived stem cells).
Effects of oxidative stress on expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase, CuZn-superoxide dismutase and Mn-superoxide dismutase in human dermal fibroblasts (1994)

To determine the effect of oxidative stress on expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD, two fibroblast lines were exposed for periods of up to 4 days to a wide concentration range of oxidizing agents: xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine, paraquat, pyrogallol, alpha-naphthoflavone, hydroquinone, catechol, Fe2+ ions, Cu2+ ions, buthionine sulphoximine, diethylmaleate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, selenite, citiolone and high oxygen partial pressure. The cell lines were cultured both under serum starvation and at a serum concentration that permitted growth. Under no condition was there any evidence of EC-SOD induction. Instead, the agents uniformly, dose-dependently and continuously reduced EC-SOD expression. We interpret the effect to be due to toxicity. Enhancement of the protection against oxidative stress by addition of CuZn-SOD, catalase and low concentrations of selenite did not influence the expression of any of the SOD isoenzymes. Removal of EC-SOD from cell surfaces by heparin also did not influence SOD expression. Mn-SOD was moderately induced by high doses of the first 11 oxidants. Apart from reduction at high toxic doses, there were no significant effects on the CuZn-SOD activity by any of the treatments. Thus EC-SOD, previously shown to be profoundly influenced by inflammatory cytokines, was not induced by its substrate or other oxidants. In a similar fashion, Mn-SOD, previously shown to be greatly induced and depressed by cytokines, was only moderately influenced by oxidants. We suggest that the regulation of these SOD isoenzymes in mammalian tissues primarily occurs in a manner co-ordinated by cytokines, rather than as a response of individual cells to oxidants.
Inhibition of Antigen-induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness by Ultralow Molecular-weight Heparin (1998)

Unfractionated heparin (UF-heparin) has been shown to prevent antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), but it is ineffective when administered after the antigen challenge. We hypothesized that the failure of UF-heparin to modify postantigen AHR might depend on molecular weight. We therefore studied the effects of UF-heparin and three low-molecular-weight heparin fractions (medium-molecular-weight heparin [MMWH]; low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH]; and ultralow-molecular-weight heparin [ULMWH]) on antigen-induced AHR and histamine release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Specific lung resistance (SRL) was measured in 20 allergic sheep before, immediately after, and up to 2 h after challenge with Ascaris suum antigen. Airway responsiveness was expressed as the cumulative provocative dose of carbachol, in breath units, that increased SRL by 400% (PD400). PD400 was determined before and 2 h after antigen, both without and after treatment with aerosolized UF-heparin (1,000 U/kg) and various heparin fractions (0.04 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg) administered after the antigen challenge. Inhaled UF-heparin (n = 4), MMWH (n = 4), and LMWH (n = 6) failed to modify postantigen AHR when administered after the challenge. Only ULMWH (n = 6) inhibited postantigen AHR in a dose-dependent manner (percent protection ranged from 31% to 139%). In eight additional sheep, histamine in BALF was measured with a radioimmunoassay (RIA) before and after the segmental antigen challenge, without and after pretreatment with inhaled UF-heparin, LMWH, or ULMWH. Inhaled UF-heparin and LMWH inhibited antigen-induced histamine release as measured in BALF by 81% and 75%, respectively; whereas ULMWH was ineffective in this respect. We conclude that: (1) modification of antigen-induced AHR by fractionated heparins is molecular-weight dependent; and (2) only ULMWH attenuates AHR when administered after antigen challenge, via an unknown mast-cell-independent action.
The Ligand-Dependent Interaction of Mineralocorticoid Receptor with Coactivator and Corepressor Peptides Suggests Multiple Activation Mechanisms (2005)

We investigated the coregulator (coactivator and corepressor) interactions with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) that lead to activation and inhibition of the receptor in the presence of agonist and/or antagonist. Our results indicate that MR ligand binding domain (LBD) interacts strongly with only a few specific coactivator peptides in the presence of the agonist aldosterone and that these interactions are blocked by the antagonist eplerenone. We also discovered that cortisol, the preferred physiological ligand for the glucocorticoid receptor in humans, is a partial MR agonist/antagonist, providing a possible molecular explanation of the tissue-selective effects of glucocorticoids on MR. However, when we examined the coactivator and corepressor peptide interactions in the presence of cortisol, we found that MR bound with cortisol or aldosterone interacted with the same set of peptides. Thus, the partial agonism shown by cortisol is unlikely to be the result of differential interaction with known coactivators and corepressors. On the other hand, we have identified coactivator binding groove mutations that are critical for cortisol activation but not for aldosterone activation, suggesting that the two steroids induce different MR LBD conformations. In addition, we also show that cortisol becomes full agonist when S810L mutation is introduced in the LBD of MR. Interestingly, MR antagonists, such as eplerenone and progesterone, become partial agonist/antagonist of S810L but are still able to recruit LXXLL peptides to the mutant receptor. Together, these findings suggest a model to explain the MR activation by various ligands.
Possible Involvement of a Novel STAM-associated Molecule “AMSH” in Intracellular Signal Transduction Mediated by Cytokines (1999)

STAM containing an SH3 (Src homology 3) domain and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif was previously revealed to be implicated in signaling pathways immediately downstream of Jak2 and Jak3 tyrosine kinases associated with cytokine receptors. We molecularly cloned a novel molecule interacting with the SH3 domain of STAM, which was named AMSH (associated molecule with the SH3 domain of STAM). AMSH contains a putative bipartite nuclear localization signal and a homologous region of a c-Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (JAB1) subdomain in addition to a binding site for the SH3 domain of STAM. AMSH mutant deleted of the C-terminal half conferred dominant negative effects on signaling for DNA synthesis and c-myc induction mediated by interleukin 2 and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. These results suggest that AMSH plays a critical role in the cytokine-mediated intracellular signal transduction downstream of the Jak2/Jak3.STAM complex.
Faculty Impressions of Dental Students’ Performance With and Without Virtual Reality Simulation (2011)

This study compared faculty perceptions and expectations of dental students' abilities using virtual reality simulation (VRS) to those who did not use virtual reality simulation (non-VRS) in an operative dentistry preclinical course. A sixteen-item survey with a ten-point rating scale and three open-ended questions asked about students' abilities in ergonomics, confidence level, performance, preparation, and self-assessment. The surveys were administered three times to a small group of preclinical faculty members. First, faculty members (n=12, 92 percent response rate) gave their perceptions of non-VRS students' abilities at the end of their traditional course. Secondly, faculty members (n=13, 100 percent response rate) gave their expectations of the next incoming class's abilities (VRS students) prior to the start of the course with traditional and VRS components. Finally, faculty members (n=13, 100 percent response rate) gave their perceptions of VRS students' abilities after completion of the course. A Tukey's test for multiple comparisons measured significance among survey items. Faculty perceptions of VRS students' abilities were higher than for non-VRS students for most abilities examined. However, the faculty members' expectations of VRS training were higher than their perceptions of the students' abilities after VRS training for most abilities examined. Since ergonomic development and technical performance were positively impacted by VRS training, these results support the use of VRS in a preclinical dental curriculum.
Passive transfer of immediate hypersensitivity and airway hyperresponsiveness by allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG1 in mice. (1996)

In a proportion of atopic asthmatics, exposure to a relevant antigen is followed by chronic inflammation in the airways leading to altered airway responsiveness (AR). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of airway hyperresponsiveness still remain unclear. To elucidate the relationship between IgE-mediated reactions and airway hyperresponsiveness, a murine model of passive sensitization and airway challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) was developed using anti-OVA IgE and IgG antibodies from murine B cell hybridomas. Passive sensitization by intravenous injection of anti-OVA IgE resulted in immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity and, after airway challenge with OVA on two consecutive days, increased AR in BALB/c and SJL mice. Increased numbers of eosinophils were observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, in cells extracted from the lungs, and in the peribronchial areas of BALB/c mice passively sensitized with IgE and challenged through the airways compared with nonsensitized mice. Eosinophil peroxidase activity was also elevated in lung tissue from these mice. Passive sensitization with anti-OVA IgG1 but not IgG2a or IgG3 was similarly associated with development of skin test reactivity and increased AR after airway challenge, accompanied by an increase in eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These data suggest that IgE/IgG1-mediated reactions together with local challenge with antigen can result in allergic inflammation resulting in altered airway function.
Molecular characterization of a trafficking organelle: Dissecting the axonal paths of calsyntenin‐1 transport vesicles (2010)

Kinesin motors play crucial roles in the delivery of membranous cargo to its destination and thus for the establishment and maintenance of cellular polarization. Recently, calsyntenin-1 was identified as a cargo-docking protein for Kinesin-1-mediated axonal transport of tubulovesicular organelles along axons of central nervous system neurons. To further define the function of calsyntenin-1, we immunoisolated calsyntenin-1 organelles from murine brain homogenates and determined their proteome by MS. We found that calsyntenin-1 organelles are endowed with components of the endosomal trafficking machinery and contained the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Detailed biochemical analyses of calsyntenin-1 immunoisolates in conjunction with immunocytochemical colocalization studies with cultured hippocampal neurons, using endosomal marker proteins for distinct subcompartments of the endosomal pathways, indicated that neuronal axons contain at least two distinct, nonoverlapping calsyntenin-1-containing transport packages: one characterized as early-endosomal, APP positive, the other as recycling-endosomal, APP negative. We postulate that calsyntenin-1 acts as a general mediator of anterograde axonal transportation of endosomal vesicles. In this role, calsyntenin-1 may actively contribute to axonal growth and pathfinding in the developing as well as to the maintenance of neuronal polarity in the adult nervous system; further, it may actively contribute to the stabilization of APP during its anterograde axonal trajectory.
Redox regulation of signal transduction: tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium influx. (1994)

Studies presented here show that altering the intracellular redox balance by decreasing glutathione levels profoundly affects early signal transduction events in human T cells. In a T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling model, short-term pretreatment with buthionine sulfoximine, which specifically decreases intracellular glutathione, essentially abrogates the stimulation of calcium influx by anti-CD3 antibodies without significantly impairing other aspects of TCR-initiated signal transduction, such as overall levels of TCR-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation. In an inflammatory-cytokine signaling model, the failure of tumor necrosis factor alpha to stimulate more than minimal tyrosine phosphorylation in lymphocytes is overcome by buthionine sulfoximine pretreatment--i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulates extensive tyrosine phosphorylation in glutathione-depleted lymphocytes. These redox-dependent changes in T-cell responsiveness suggest that the glutathione deficiency that we and others have demonstrated in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals may contribute significantly to the immunodeficiency and the increased inflammatory reactions in these individuals.
Selective cryolysis: A novel method of non‐invasive fat removal (2008)

Prolonged, controlled local skin cooling can induce selective damage and subsequent loss of subcutaneous fat, without damaging the overlying skin. Selective cryolysis warrants further study as a local treatment for removal of adipose tissue.
Comunitatea Italiana din Romania: analiza organizationala prin cercetare-actiune (2004)

Evaluarea organizatiei s-a realizat prin analiza raspunsurilor subiectilor la Chestionarul adresat, prin analiza raspunsurilor la interviurile realizate in Comunitate. Interviurile si chestionarul au fost aplicate in cadrul a doua focus grupuri realizate unul cu angajati ai Comunitatii Italiene din Romania , iar celalalt cu membri din Municipiul Iasi ai CIR.S-a avut in vedere evaluarea gradului de dezvoltare organizationala a CIR.
USE OF 2-(2-PYRIDYL)ETHYL GROUP AS A NEW PROTECTING GROUP OF INTERNUCLEOTIDIC PHOSPHATES IN OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS (1986)

Abstract 2-(2-Pyridyl)ethyl group is used as a highly selective protecting group of internucleotidic phosphates that is removable under mild conditions by treatment with CH3I in CH3CN without a side reaction such as N-alkylation.
Future directions in toxicity prevention. (1998)

The modern practice of radiation therapy has developed over several decades, taking into consideration the anatomic location of the tumor, technical aspects of radiation delivery, combined treatment modalities, and patient comorbidity. Improved understanding of tumor biology and kinetics has resulted in a more intensive application of multimodality therapy for many forms of cancer in the endeavor to increase treatment efficacy. However, increased treatment intensity carries a risk of increased toxicity. Conversely, reduction of toxicity by lessening treatment intensity incurs the risk of reduced efficacy. Preventing or minimizing toxicity while maintaining or increasing efficacy is necessary for overall improvement in the therapeutic ratio. New methods for reducing toxicity are currently being explored and include identification of risk factors associated with increased toxicity, the development of radioprotectants, and the use of growth factors to accelerate the replacement of damaged cells.
Uso de la vivienda familiar en situación de crisis matrimonial y compensación al cónyuge propietario (2014)

Se analiza en el presente trabajo el impacto patrimonial de la atribucion del uso de la vivienda familiar en situaciones de crisis matrimonial, particularmente cuando dicho inmueble es propiedad privativa del conyuge no usuario. Se estudian las ventajas de la posible compensacion patrimonial al conyuge propietario asi como el diseno eficaz de la misma y su impacto en la pension de alimentos y eventual pension compensatoria
Extended sensor fusion for embedded video applications (2015)

Le travail réalisé au cours de cette thèse se concentre sur la fusion des données d'une caméra et de capteurs inertiels afin d'effectuer une estimation robuste de mouvement pour des applications vidéos embarquées. Les appareils visés sont principalement les téléphones intelligents et les tablettes. On propose une nouvelle technique d'estimation de mouvement 2D temps réel, qui combine les mesures visuelles et inertielles. L'approche introduite se base sur le RANSAC préemptif, en l'étendant via l'ajout de capteurs inertiels. L'évaluation des modèles de mouvement se fait selon un score hybride, un lagrangien dynamique permettant une adaptation à différentes conditions et types de mouvements. Ces améliorations sont effectuées à faible coût, afin de permettre une implémentation sur plateforme embarquée. L'approche est comparée aux méthodes visuelles et inertielles. Une nouvelle méthode d'odométrie visuelle-inertielle temps réelle est présentée. L'interaction entre les données visuelles et inertielles est maximisée en effectuant la fusion dans de multiples étapes de l'algorithme. A travers des tests conduits sur des séquences acquises avec la vérité terrain, nous montrons que notre approche produit des résultats supérieurs aux techniques classiques de l'état de l'art.
The prevalence of sexual abuse in women with fibromyalgia (1995)

Sexual abuse does not appear to be a specific factor in the etiology of FM, but is correlated with the number and severity of associated symptoms.
Molecular recognition of nucleotides by a calix[4]arene derivative with two alkyl guanidinium groups at the air–water interface (2002)

Monolayers of 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,27-bis(2-guanidinoethoxy)-26,28-dihydroxy calix[4]arene hydrochloride (BGC) on the surface of pure water and of aqueous subphases containing 5′-AMP− and 5′-GMP2− were studied by film balance measurements and relaxation experiments. LB films deposited from the monolayers on the three kinds of subphases were investigated by ultraviolet visible spectra (UV), circular dichroism spectra (CD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). All the results indicate that BGC can form stable monolayers on these different subphases. Moreover, BGC can effectively bind with 5′-AMP− and 5′-GMP2− dissolved in the subphase by complementary hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions in 1∶1 and 2∶1 molar ratios, respectively. Two intermolecular interaction patterns are proposed and the binding constants are estimated to be 1 ± 0.5 × 106 and 6 ± 1 × 105 M−1, respectively.
Preparation of the active isomer of 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol, inhibitor of murine glucocerebroside synthetase (1987)

1-Phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol was previously shown to be an effective inhibitor of the glucosyltransferase in liver that forms glucosylceramide. Since the inhibitor consists of four isomers, it was important for further testing to determine which isomer was most effective and to devise a method for preparation of this isomer. The mixture of isomers was synthesized as described before and separated by crystallization into two diastereomers, differing in migration rate with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and in retention time with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The slower moving diastereomer, which proved to be the active inhibitor, was separated into its enantiomers by crystallization with dibenzoyltartaric acid isomers. The inhibitory activity resided in the less soluble salt formed with the D-tartaric acid compound. The optical isomers could be characterized by TLC as their (1R)-(-)-camphanate esters. Using a second synthetic route, starting with L-threo- and DL-erythro-1-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol, we tentatively established the active form of the inhibitor to be the D-threo (1S,2R) isomer. 13C NMR spectroscopy supported the threo and erythro assignments. Kinetic analysis showed that it acted uncompetitively against UDP-glucose and by mixed competition against ceramide, with Ki of 0.7 microM. The DL-erythro and DL-threo compounds inhibited brain galactosylceramide synthetase to a small extent. Glucosylceramide glucosidase activity of liver was unaffected by the DL-threo mixture.