gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near haploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia: seven new cases and a review of the literature. (1991)

Seven new cases are described of near haploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the findings reviewed together with updated complete remission duration and survival data for the 21 cases already published. The patients were four males and three females, with an age range 2-19 years; all had an immunophenotype consistent with common ALL. The poor prognostic outlook for patients with near haploid ALL is confirmed by the median remission duration of 14 months for these patients, which is comparable to that for the previously published cases. The pattern of chromosome loss was marked particularly by the presence of two copies of chromosomes 10, 14, 18, 21 and both sex chromosomes. Populations of hyperdiploid cells with double the near haploid number were observed in six of the patients, one of whom demonstrated further clonal evolution, and it is proposed that some cases classified as hyperdiploid ALL with greater than 50 chromosomes may also have arisen from a near haploid stem line.
Evaluation of Hard Tissue Replacement Composite Graft Material as a Ridge Preservation/Augmentation Material in Conjunction with Immediate Hydroxyapatite‐Coated Dental Implants (2003)

The results of this study suggest that HTR is a useful adjunct in the placement of immediate DIs for filling of socket voids and preservation of ridge width.
A Method for Improving LFM Signal Spectrum Quality in Direct Digital Synthesis (2005)

In this paper, the distributing rules of spurs in the DDS output spectrum is analyzed. A effective method to design reasonable external circuits and choose appropriate instruction words is presented to improve the spectrum purity of the LFM signal. DDS chip (AD9854) is used to generate a broad band LFM signal. The experiments result shows that the LFM signal can achieve 62 dB SFDR with using this method in 30 MHz bandwidth. It increases the SFDR in about 10 dB than that without using this method.
Is there a Future for Education Consistent with Agenda 21 (1999)

This paper is largely based on recent experiences in developing and implementing strategies for education consistent with the concept of sustainable development at two different levels, the international level characterised by Agenda 21 along with the efforts of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development to foster its progress, and at the level of a small country-Scotland-with its own individual problems and interpretations. There are, however, parallels between the difficulties and approaches, which these different levels present. Tensions have developed, and need to be resolved, particularly around the differential rates of change to which society is being subjected and the stresses, which these generate. Further sources of tension arise from the scope of the word environment, the interpretations given to other critical words used to describe what is being attempted and their implications, the poor preparation of people even in high and critical positions, to deal with complex systems, and the status accorded to education as a part of the natural dynamics of the systems in which policy makers are operating. There may be little prospect, as yet, of simple treatments to reduce these conditions, but it is at least important that they should now be part of the thinking of educators and their managers at every level, and that some basic principles be developed for future progress.
Role of nitric oxide in long-term angiotensin II-induced renal vasoconstriction. (1993)

In vitro studies have indicated that nitric oxide may play an important role in modulating the renal vascular actions of angiotensin II (Ang II). However, the physiological importance of this interaction in the long-term regulation of renal hemodynamics is unknown. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine if long-term Ang II-induced renal vasoconstriction was potentiated by nitric oxide synthesis inhibition. The intrarenal effects of Ang II were examined in eight unilaterally nephrectomized, conscious dogs before and after systemic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. Ang II infusion into the renal artery at 0.5 ng/kg per minute resulted in decreases in renal plasma flow of 15% and 9% after 3 and 5 days, respectively. During this time, glomerular filtration rate decreased 12% after 3 days of angiotensin but was not significantly changed after 5 days. After 4 days of recovery from Ang II, nitric oxide synthesis was inhibited with intravenous NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) at 10 micrograms/kg per minute for 5 days, and this caused a significant decrease in renal plasma flow but no change in glomerular filtration rate. Infusion of Ang II into L-NAME-pretreated dogs for an additional 5 days further decreased renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration 14% and 11%, respectively. However, the effects of Ang II and L-NAME on renal plasma flow were only additive on days 3 and 5 of this period, and the effects on glomerular filtration were additive on day 3 but were potentiated on day 5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Glycosaminoglycan chemical exchange saturation transfer in human lumbar intervertebral discs: Effect of saturation pulse and relationship with low back pain (2016)

2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:863-871.
Natural history of dyspepsia (2002)

Many individuals in the Western world suffer from heartburn, acid regurgitation, abdominal pain, or bowel habit disturbances. The reported prevalence of dyspepsia is approximately 25% with similar values for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. While prevalence rates are stable over time, substantial changes occur in the main symptom profiles of sufferers. The economic costs of dyspepsia are considerable.
Malignant and Noninvasive Skin Tumours in Renal Transplant Recipients (2014)

Background. Transplant recipients require immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. This conveys an increased risk of malignancy, particularly skin tumours. There is a need for up-to-date data for the South of England. Method. Pathology records were reviewed for 709 kidney transplant recipients on immunosuppression at our hospital from 1995 to 2008. Skin tumours were recorded/analysed. Results. Mean age at transplant was 46 years. Mean length of follow-up was 7.2 years and total follow-up was 4926 person-years. 53 (7.5%) patients (39/458 (8.5%) males and 14/251 (5.6%) females) developed ≥1 skin malignancy. Cumulative incidences of 4.0%, 7.5%, and 12.2% were observed for those with <5, <10, and ≥10 years follow-up, respectively. The rate was 45 tumours per 1000 person-years at risk. Additionally, 21 patients (3.0%) only had noninvasive tumours. 221 malignant skin tumours were found: 50.2% were SCCs, 47.1% BCCs, and 2.7% malignant melanomas. Mean years to first tumour were 5.8. Mean number of tumours per patient was 4, with mean interval of 12 months. Conclusions. Despite changes in transplantation practice during the time since the last data were published in this region, these findings are similar to previous studies. This adds to the evidence allowing clinicians to inform patients in this region of their risk.
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA). A DNA mimic with a peptide backbone (1994)

Biokemi
High-power All-Fiber components: the missing link for high-power fiber lasers (2004)

Fiber lasers have shown extraordinary progress in power level, reaching the kilowatt range. These results were achieved with large mode area fibers pumped with high power laser diodes coupled with bulk-optics. To enable the commercial development of these high power fiber lasers, we have demonstrated several All-Fiber components, which replace the bulk-optic interface in the present laser configurations. These components include multimode fused fiber bundle combiners with or without signal fiber feed-through, Bragg gratings and mode field adaptors. The multimode fibers are used to couple several fiber pigtailed pump diodes to a double-clad fiber. Such combiners may contain a signal fiber to provide an input or output for the core modes of the double-clad fiber. Mode field adaptors perform fundamental mode matching between different core fibers. Bragg gratings are used as reflectors for the laser cavity. These components exhibit low-loss and high power handling of 200 Watts has been demonstrated. They enable the design of true high power single-mode All-Fiber lasers that will be small, rugged and reliable.
Substrate specificity of bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase suggests a common transfer mechanism for the bacterial and eukaryotic systems (2006)

The PglB oligosaccharyltransferase (OTase) of Campylobacter jejuni can be functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, and its relaxed oligosaccharide substrate specificity allows the transfer of different glycans from the lipid carrier undecaprenyl pyrophosphate to an acceptor protein. To investigate the substrate specificity of PglB, we tested the transfer of a set of lipid-linked polysaccharides in E. coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. A hexose linked to the C-6 of the monosaccharide at the reducing end did not inhibit the transfer of the O antigen to the acceptor protein. However, PglB required an acetamido group at the C-2. A model for the mechanism of PglB involving this functional group was proposed. Previous experiments have shown that eukaryotic OTases have the same requirement, suggesting that eukaryotic and prokaryotic OTases catalyze the transfer of oligosaccharides by a conserved mechanism. Moreover, we demonstrated the functional transfer of the C. jejuni glycosylation system into S. enterica. The elucidation of the mechanism of action and the substrate specificity of PglB represents the foundation for engineering glycoproteins that will have an impact on biotechnology.
Cellular localization of the bcl-2 protein and response to glucocorticoid stress. (1994)

We performed immunoelectronmicroscopy, immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation studies of insect cells (Spodopetra frugiperda or SF9) infected with recombinant baculovirus containing bcl-2 cDNA to determine the cellular localization of the bcl-2 product. Similar studies were also undertaken in pre-B cells carrying a bcl-2 gene activated by t(14;18) chromosomal translocation. By immunogold electron microscopy, bcl-2 was localized at several intracellular sites including the nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and plasma membrane. Immunofluorescence studies revealed the presence of the bcl-2 product throughout the cytoplasm, whereas biochemical fractionation studies indicated a similar pattern to that observed on electron microscopy. Our investigation clearly indicates that the bcl-2 product is expressed at several intracellular sites. Studies were also undertaken to determine any changes in the subcellular distribution of bcl-2 protein following glucocorticoid exposure of immature B lymphocytes. Although no major changes in the distribution of bcl-2 protein were observed, more aggregated patches of gold labelled bcl-2 particles were found under glucocorticoid stress. Aggregation of bcl-2 molecules might represent dimerization necessary to prevent apoptosis.
Direct transformation of silica into alkoxysilanes by gas–solid reactions (1992)

Silica gel is conveniently and efficiently converted into tetramethoxysilance by treatment with gaseous dimethyl carbonate at 500–600 K in the presence of an alkali hydroxide catalyst supported on the reacting silica.
Mitochondria-Targeted Honokiol Confers a Striking Inhibitory Effect on Lung Cancer via Inhibiting Complex I Activity (2018)

We synthesized a mitochondria-targeted honokiol (Mito-HNK) that facilitates its mitochondrial accumulation; this dramatically increases its potency and efficacy against highly metastatic lung cancer lines in vitro, and in orthotopic lung tumor xenografts and brain metastases in vivo. Mito-HNK is >100-fold more potent than HNK in inhibiting cell proliferation, inhibiting mitochondrial complex ?, stimulating reactive oxygen species generation, oxidizing mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-3, and suppressing the phosphorylation of mitoSTAT3. Within lung cancer brain metastases in mice, Mito-HNK induced the mediators of cell death and decreased the pathways that support invasion and proliferation. In contrast, in the non-malignant stroma, Mito-HNK suppressed pathways that support metastatic lesions, including those involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. Mito-HNK showed no toxicity and targets the metabolic vulnerabilities of primary and metastatic lung cancers. Its pronounced anti-invasive and anti-metastatic effects in the brain are particularly intriguing given the paucity of treatment options for such patients either alone or in combination with standard chemotherapeutics.
Comparison of nucleotide sequences of mRNAs belonging to the mouse H-2 multigene family (1982)

The complete nucleotide sequences of three cDNAs coding for the C-terminal part of mouse histocompatibility (H-2) antigens, and for the 3' non coding regions of these clones have been determined. Comparison of the sequence indicates a large homology throughout the coding and non-coding regions and suggests the existence of a genetic mechanism which homogenizes nucleotide sequences among genes of the H-2 multigene family.
Treatment for hepatitis C virus and cannabis use in illicit drug user patients: implications and questions (2006)

Illicit drug users are the primary risk group for HCV transmission, and will form the largest HCV treatment population for years to come. Sylvestre et al.'s study suggests that cannabis use may benefit treatment retention and outcomes in illicit drug users undergoing HCV treatment. In fact, there is substantial evidence that cannabis use may help address key challenges faced by drug users in HCV treatment (e.g., nausea, depression), especially when such treatment occurs in the context of methadone maintenance treatment which may amplify these consequences. While further research is required on the biological and clinical aspects of the benefits of cannabis use for HCV treatment, and the effectiveness of cannabis use for HCV treatment needs to be explored in larger study populations, we advocate that in the interim existing barriers to cannabis use are removed for drug users undergoing HCV treatment until the conclusive empirical basis for evidence-based guidance is available.
Nanoscale patterning of an organosilane monolayer on the basis of tip-induced electrochemistry in atomic force microscopy (1996)

An organosilane trimethylsilyl (TMS) monolayer prepared on silicon (Si) substrate by chemical vapor deposition was successfully applied as a self-developing resist for atomic force microscope (AFM) lithography. The thickness of the monolayer was less than 1 nm. This resist was locally degraded due to electrochemical reactions induced in the junction between a conductive AFM probe and a Si–TMS sample. The generated pattern on the sample was then transferred to the Si substrate by chemical etching using the degraded region as an etching window. Degradation of the monolayer proceeded with both positive and negative sample biases. However, the absolute values of the voltage at which the probe-scanned region began to show etching were +3.0 for Vs&amp;gt;0 and −5.0 V for Vs&amp;lt;0, in a 60% relative humidity air atmosphere. Faster patterning was achieved through increased current flow by applying a higher bias voltage. A 500 μm/s line drawing at Vs=+20.0 V with 2–3 nA was obtained. The number of injected electrons was estimated to be hundreds of times larger than the number of TMS groups in the scanned area. We therefore concluded that only a small part of the current flowing through the probe-sample junction is actually responsible for the degradation.
Hepatitis B virus core antigen has two nuclear localization sequences in the arginine-rich carboxyl terminus (1991)

Expression of the hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts has been shown previously (A. McLachlan et al., J. Virol. 61:683-692, 1987) to result in the nuclear localization of this polypeptide. Since the carboxyl terminus of HBcAg contains four clusters of arginine residues which resemble nuclear localization sequences identified in other nuclear proteins, a series of carboxyl-terminus-truncated HBcAg polypeptides were expressed in mouse fibroblasts to examine the role of these sequences in the cellular localization of HBcAg. By immunofluorescence and cell fractionation analysis, it was demonstrated that regions of the HBcAg polypeptide including the most carboxyl-terminal (cluster 1) and amino-terminal (cluster 4) clusters of arginine residues represent distinct and independent nuclear localization sequences for this polypeptide. Substitution of a threonine residue for the second arginine residue in cluster 4 inactivates the nuclear localization signal in this region of the HBcAg polypeptide, demonstrating the importance of this residue to this signal sequence. However, HBcAg fails to accumulate in the nucleus only when both nuclear localization signal sequences are simultaneously deleted or disrupted by mutation. The possible significance of the nuclear localization sequences identified in the HBcAg polypeptide is discussed in the context of the role of the nucleocapsid in the hepatitis B virus life cycle.
Serum Profiles of C-C Chemokines in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Possible Implication in Postinfarction Left Ventricular Remodeling (2002)

C-C chemokines are essential factors in the recruitment and activation of leukocytes from the circulation into inflamed tissue and may play a role in ischemia-induced myocardial injury and left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated the kinetics of three major C-C chemokines, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), and regulated on activation normally T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), in the sera of AMI patients and correlated the findings with the severity of the disease. Serum levels of C-C chemokines were determined in 35 AMI patients by ELISA assays serially during the first week of hospitalization and 1 month after hospital admission. Patients (n = 18) with uncomplicated AMI (Killip class I) were classified as group A, patients (n = 17) with AMI complicated by heart failure manifestations (Killip classes II and III) were classified as group B, and 15 age-matched and sex-matched volunteers were used as healthy controls. A sustained increase in serum C-C chemokines was observed in both AMI groups during the 7-day hospitalization period. Peaks of these inflammatory factors were significantly higher in group B than in group A (MCP-1, 295 +/- 11 vs. 203 +/- 9 pg/ml, p < 0.01; MIP-1 alpha, 30 +/- 1 vs. 24 +/- 2 pg/ml, p < 0.05; RANTES, 32 +/- 2 vs. 16 +/- 1 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and healthy controls (MCP-1, 125 +/- 7 pg/ml, p < 0.001; MIP-1 alpha, 14 +/- 1 pg/ml, p < 0.001; RANTES, 12 +/- 1 ng/ml, p < 0.001). In group B, significant correlations were found between the peak of MCP-1 and the peak of C-reactive protein levels (r = 0.55, p < 0.02) as well as wedge pressure (r = 0.40, p < 0.05). In the same group, the peak of MIP-1 alpha levels was also significantly correlated with the peak of serum creatine kinase-myocardial band (MB) (r = 0.51, p < 0.04) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r = -0.45, p < 0.05). After 1 month, AMI patients (n = 14) with severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF < or = 35%) exhibited significantly higher levels of C-C chemokines (all p < 0.05) than the other AMI patients (n = 21) (LVEF > 35%). A significant correlation was found between MIP-1 alpha levels and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r = 0.47, p < 0.03) in this patient population. In conclusion, we have detected a significant elevation of major C-C chemokines during the course of AMI, with the highest levels in patients with AMI complicated by heart failure manifestations and severe left ventricular dysfunction. The elevation of these chemotactic inflammatory factors may actively contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease and the subsequent left ventricular remodeling.
Identification of new RNA modifying enzymes by iterative genome search using known modifying enzymes as probes (1996)

The complete nucleotide sequences of the Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma genitalium genomes and the partially sequenced Escherichia coli chromosome were analyzed to identify open reading frames (ORFs) likely to encode RNA modifying enzymes. The protein sequences of known RNA modifying enzymes from three families--m5U methyltransferases, psi synthases and 2'-O methyltransferases--were used as probes to search sequence databases for homologs. ORFs identified as homologous to the initial probes were retrieved and used as new probes against the databases in an iterative manner until no more homologous ORFs could be identified. Using this approach, we have identified two new m5U methyltransferases, seven new psi synthases and four new 2'-O methyltransferases in E. coli. Many of the ORFs found in E.coli have direct genetic counterparts (orthologs) in one or both of H.influenzae and M.genitalium. Since there is a near-complete knowledge of RNA modifications in E.coli, functional activities of the proteins encoded by the identified ORFs were proposed based on the level of conservation of the ORFs and the modified nucleotides.
Antibodies as Tools to Study the Structure of Membrane Proteins: The Case of the Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor (1996)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
Structural and Mutational Studies of Anthocyanin Malonyltransferases Establish the Features of BAHD Enzyme Catalysis (2007)

The BAHD family is a class of acyl-CoA-dependent acyltransferases that are involved in plant secondary metabolism and show a diverse range of specificities for acyl acceptors. Anthocyanin acyltransferases make up an important class of the BAHD family and catalyze the acylation of anthocyanins that are responsible for most of the red-to-blue colors of flowers. Here, we describe crystallographic and mutational studies of three similar anthocyanin malonyltransferases from red chrysanthemum petals: anthocyanidin 3-O-glucoside-6''-O-malonyltransferase (Dm3MaT1), anthocyanidin 3-O-glucoside-3'', 6''-O-dimalonyltransferase (Dm3MaT2), and a homolog (Dm3MaT3). Mutational analyses revealed that seven amino acid residues in the N- and C-terminal regions are important for the differential acyl-acceptor specificity between Dm3MaT1 and Dm3MaT2. Crystallographic studies of Dm3MaT3 provided the first structure of a BAHD member, complexed with acyl-CoA, showing the detailed interactions between the enzyme and acyl-CoA molecules. The structure, combined with the results of mutational analyses, allowed us to identify the acyl-acceptor binding site of anthocyanin malonyltransferases, which is structurally different from the corresponding portion of vinorine synthase, another BAHD member, thus permitting the diversity of the acyl-acceptor specificity of BAHD family to be understood.
Extended cavity lasers in InGaAs-InGaAsP and InGaAlP-GaAs multi-quantum well structure using a sputtered SiO/sub 2/ technique (2002)

Sputtering a thin layer of SiO/sub 2/ (/spl ap/200 nm) followed by high temperature annealing has recently been found to be very promising in promoting quantum well intermixing. The intermixing is thought to be due to point defects generated by the sputtering plasma diffusing through the material during a subsequent high temperature anneal. The process uses simple low-cost techniques, and is extremely reproducible and reliable. In this paper we describe the technique using the sputtered SiO/sub 2/ and subsequent high temperature annealing, either by rapid thermal annealer (RTA) or CW Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.064 /spl mu/m. Differential blue shifts of up to 60 meV and 120 meV have been obtained for InGaAs/InGaAsP and GaInP/AlGaInP material systems. Extended cavity lasers have been fabricated and characterised for both material systems.