gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Modular and Evolutive Software for Patient Modeling Using Components, Design Patterns and a Formal XML-Based Component Management System (2006)

This paper deals with the design aspect of a software for modeling the anatomical and pathological structures of patients from medical images, for diagnosis purposes. In terms of functionalities, it allows to combine image processing algorithms, and to visualize and manipulate 3D models and images. The proposed software uses appropriate design patterns, specific extensible and reusable components and a system managing their combination, thanks to a formal XML-based description of their interfaces. This architecture facilitates the dynamic integration of new functionalities, in particular in terms of image processing algorithms. We describe the structural and behavioral aspects of the proposed component-based architecture.
Tissue hardness measurement using the radiation force of focused ultrasound (1990)

A technique for measuring hardness in which the impulsive radiation force is focused ultrasound is used to generate localized deformation of the tissue and the applied force and/or the deformation are measured as a function of time by a conventional pulse-echo technique is proposed. An attempt is made to derive some characteristic values from the curve as figures of tissue hardness. The decay of applied force measured while keeping the deformation constant proved to give a good figure. This preliminary experiment indicates that the proposed technique is feasible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of Vineyard Locations, Varieties, and Rootstocks on the Juice Amino Acid Composition of Several Cultivars (1989)

Several grape varieties grown in Napa Valley and Davis and certain samples from other locations were analyzed for amino acids at the beginning of fermentation. Amino acid contents of two grape varieties grown on nine different rootstocks in the Santa Ynez Valley were analyzed for the effects of rootstock on the juice amino acid composition. Key grape amino acids prior to fermentation and at the end of fermentation were related to fermentation times of Chardonnay juices from two different locations.
Power amplifier for ultrasonic transducer excitation (2006)

Design of the power amplifier for ultrasonic transducer excitation is presented. We assumed that the amplifier output impedance will be significantly lower than the transducer input impedance. Therefore we suggest using the transformer as voltage step-up and impedance matching element. The transformer influence on the ultrasonic transducer bandwidth and power transfer efficiency is analyzed using Butterworth-Van Dyke transducer model. The transformer magnetizing and leakage inductance influence on particular air coupled transducer are investigated by modelling and experimentally. The transformer application allows using the same carrier type (n-p-n bipolar or n-channel MOSFET) active elements in push-pull configuration at the amplifier output stage. The commercially available relatively low voltage MOSFET is suggested. Two types of MOSFET transistors are investigated. The resulting amplifier performance has been investigated. The 50kHz to 3MHz bandwidth is obtained for the suggested amplifier configuration. The distortion and efficiency performance are investigated experimentally and using the P-SPICE modelling over various input signals range. The total harmonic distortion of 4% using 3kW load and 400Vp-p 1MHz frequency signal is achieved. The investigation indicate the ability to use such a power amplifier for arbitrary waveform or high power continuous waveform excitation of the ultrasonic transducer.
Two Randomized Trials of Canakinumab in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (2012)

These two phase 3 studies show the efficacy of canakinumab in systemic JIA with active systemic features. (Funded by Novartis Pharma; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00889863 and NCT00886769.).
Quantification of cytokeratin 20, carcinoembryonic antigen and guanylyl cyclase C mRNA levels in lymph nodes may not predict treatment failure in colorectal cancer patients (2003)

Conventional histopathologic staging of primary colorectal cancers does not allow accurate prognostic stratification within a given tumour stage. Therefore, PCR-based assays are increasingly used to try to predict more accurately the likelihood of disease progression for the individual patient. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assays were used to detect and quantitate cytokeratin 20 (ck20), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) mRNA in 149 lymph nodes (LN) from 17 patients with benign disease and 302 LN from 42 patients with colorectal cancer who had curative (R0) resections. None of the markers were specific, with ck20, CEA and GCC mRNA detected in 47%, 89% and 13% of 149 LN, respectively, from patients with benign disease. The sensitivity of all 3 markers was very high, with mRNA detected in 93%, 100% and 97% of 30 histologically involved LN, respectively. There was significant overlap in the mRNA levels of all 3 markers between histologically involved and uninvolved LN. There was no association between mRNA levels and distant recurrence (median follow-up: 3.94 years, range 3.35-5.12). We conclude that the use of molecular techniques to detect occult disease in LN may suffer from the same limitations as conventional methods. Instead, accurate prognostic stratification requires careful assessment of the likely metastatic potential of the primary cancer.
Metal–Ligand Electron Transfer in 4d and 5d Group 9 Transition Metal Complexes with Pyridine, Diimine Ligands (2012)

Abstract Our recent results of the chemistry of group 9 Rh and Ir metal complexes bearing the ubiquitous pyridine, diimine (PDI) terdentate nitrogen donor are reviewed. Examples reflecting the special nature of the PDI ligand include a facile C–H activation process and the stabilization of a very rare late transition metal iridium nitrido compound, (PDI)Ir≡N, and its direct hydrogenation to the corresponding amido complex according to (PDI)Ir≡N + H 2 → (PDI)Ir–NH 2 . The amount of electron transfer to the PDI ligands in (PDI)Rh,Ir–R,X complexes encompassing a variety of R,X ligands with weak/strong σ‐ and π‐donors/acceptors was analyzed in terms of the innocence of the PDI ligand. With this regard, a combination of DFT methods, X‐ray‐crystallographic data, and, in particular, 13 C NMR spectroscopy was employed for a series of square‐planar Rh and Ir complexes including a large number of new representatives. Their syntheses, spectroscopic characterization, and X‐ray crystal structures are reported.
Modelling and control of a flexible rotary crane (1988)

We first derive a dynamical model for the control of a flexible rotary crane which carries out three kinds of motion (rotation, load hoisting, and boom hoisting) simultaneously. Only the joint between the boom and the jib is assumed to be flexible. The goal is to transfer a load to a desired place in such a way that at the end of the transfer the swing of the load decays as quickly as possible. We first apply an open-loop control input to the system such that the state of the system can be transferred to a neighbourhood of the equilibrium state. Then we apply a feedback control signal so that the stale of the system approaches the equilibrium state as quickly as possible.
Mononuclear cell-mediated enhancement of granulocyte function in man. (1984)

Human monocyte-enriched mononuclear cells (MNC) (greater than 95% monocytes) powerfully stimulated the antibody-dependent killing of tumor cells by purified human neutrophils (NE) or eosinophils (EO). The enhancement was observed when the mononuclear cell to granulocyte ratio was as low as 1:100. Media conditioned by MNC also stimulated antibody-dependent killing by NE and EO as well as the uptake and killing of Candida albicans by NE. There was a heterogeneity amongst individuals in the capacity of their MNC to elaborate this factor, and approximately 15% of individuals did not produce detectable factor. Different factors in the MNC supernatant were involved in NE and EO activation. The EO-activating factor (AF) had a m.w. of approximately 27,000 and migrated as a single band on phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. The NE-AF had a m.w. of 22,000 and migrated as two distinct bands on phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. EO-colony-stimulating factor (CSF) co-purified with EO-AF, and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF co-purified with both bands of NE-AF. It is concluded that MNC elaborate CSF-like molecules that powerfully stimulate human granulocyte function.
Segment polarity gene interactions modulate epidermal patterning in Drosophila embryos (1993)

Each segment of a Drosophila larva shows a precisely organized pattern of cuticular structures, indicating diverse cellular identities in the underlying epidermis. Mutations in the segment polarity genes alter the cuticle pattern secreted by the epidermal cells; these mutant patterns provide clues about the role that each gene product plays in the development of wild-type epidermal pattern. We have analyzed embryos that are multiply mutant for five key patterning genes: wingless, patched, engrailed, naked and hedgehog. Our results indicate that wild-type activity of these five segment polarity genes can account for most of the ventral pattern elements and that their gene products interact extensively to specify the diverse cellular identities within the epidermis. Two pattern elements can be correlated with individual gene action: wingless is required for formation of naked cuticle and engrailed is required for formation of the first row of denticles in each abdominal denticle belt. The remaining cell types can be produced by different combinations of the five gene activities. wingless activity generates the diversity of cell types within the segment, but each specific cell identity depends on the activity of patched, engrailed, naked and hedgehog. These molecules modulate the distribution and interpretation of wingless signalling activity in the ventral epidermal cells and, in addition, each can contribute to pattern through a pathway independent of the wingless signalling pathway.
The End of Art? (2009)

Martindale (2009) suggests that all of art is coming, or has already come, to anend. Following Hegel’s lead, he suggests that all new art must communicatewhilebeing recognizably new. Thesetwo criteria—communicationand novelty—cannot provoke any Hegelian synthesis because eventually one of these criteriamust be consistently violated. As arts evolve, the likelihood of communicativevalue in a particular new artwork decreases significantly if it is not sufficientlynew, and newness is increasingly hard to obtain. Moreover, because art hascontinually sought out new venues, these venues will be at increasing distancefrom some norm. Thus, a particular new and novel artwork runs the risk of nolonger communicating.One might be skeptical of such a bold view but Martindale also summarizesmuch data—most of it his own—in support of part of his claim.He finds increasesin unpredictability and/or novelty in French, British, and American poetry;English, French, and German music; Italian, French, English, and Americanpainting;Japanesegraphicworks;anddiversesculpture—allovermanycenturies.All of these data are entirely believable, and they are wonderful to have.And importantly, they support Martindale’s (1975, 1990) view of the evolutionof the arts. But do they also support their demise? Martindale has only predicted(for poetry) or claimed (for classical music, painting, and sculpture) such ends.How to assess this?If the arts have ended, such a conclusion depends entirely on what is meantby the two criticalterms—theend and thearts. In response I offer five gambits:thefirst three suggest that the end of art seems not to be near; on the other hand,the fourth suggests that the end of older art is tautologically defined; and the last
An outer membrane porin protein modulates phage susceptibility in Edwardsiella ictaluri (2011)

Bacteriophages ΦeiAU and ΦeiDWF are lytic to the catfish pathogen Edwardsiella (Edw.) ictaluri. The Edw. ictaluri host factors that modulate phage-host interactions have not been described previously. This study identified eleven unique Edw. ictaluri host factors essential for phage infection by screening a transposon mutagenized library of two Edw. ictaluri strains for phage-resistant mutants. Two mutants were isolated with independent insertions in the ompLC gene that encodes a putative outer membrane porin. Phage binding and efficiency of plaquing assays with Edw. ictaluri EILO, its ompLC mutant and a complemented mutant demonstrated that OmpLC serves as a receptor for phage ΦeiAU and ΦeiDWF adsorption. Comparison of translated OmpLCs from 15 Edw. ictaluri strains with varying degrees of phage susceptibility revealed that amino acid variations were clustered on the predicted extracellular loop 8 of OmpLC. Deletion of loop 8 of OmpLC completely abolished phage infectivity in Edw. ictaluri. Site-directed mutagenesis and transfer of modified ompLC genes to complement the ompLC mutants demonstrated that changes in ompLC sequences affect the degree of phage susceptibility. Furthermore, Edw. ictaluri strain Alg-08-183 was observed to be resistant to ΦeiAU, but phage progeny could be produced if phage DNA was electroporated into this strain. A host-range mutant of ΦeiAU, ΦeiAU-183, was isolated that was capable of infecting strain Alg-08-183 by using OmpLC as a receptor for adsorption. The results of this study identified Edw. ictaluri host factors required for phage infection and indicated that OmpLC is a principal molecular determinant of phage susceptibility in this pathogen.
Characterization of the nisin gene as part of a polycistronic operon in the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454 (1991)

The location and organization of the nisin locus in Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454 were studied. Primer extension of in vivo mRNA transcripts of the gene that encodes the nisin prepropeptide sequence indicated the presence of a promoter at least 4 kb upstream from the nisin gene and that the mRNA has several processing sites. Restriction fragment patterns using rare-cutting enzymes, orthogonal pulsed-field clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) agarose gel electrophoresis, and hybridization with nisin gene probes showed that the nisin prepropeptide gene was located on a megabase-size restriction fragment, which was taken as proof of a chromosomal location. This is contrary to earlier reports, which had indicated that genes for nisin production were located on plasmids. There was no evidence of more than one chromosomal location or more than one copy of the nisin gene. The restriction patterns indicated that the size of the L. lactis genome is about 2,500 kb. The previously observed (G. W. Buchman, S. Banerjee, and J. N. Hansen, J. Biol. Chem. 263: 16260-16266, 1988) downstream open reading frame (ORF) was fully sequenced to reveal an 851-amino-acid coding region, an upstream putative mRNA processing site, and a putative rho-independent terminator. The ORF was analyzed for secondary structural features, and the sequence data bases were searched for homologies. The ORF contained many amphipathic helices, a C-terminal transmembrane helix, and homologies to some membrane-associated proteins. It lacked an N-terminal membrane insertion sequence and accordingly appears to be associated with, and anchored to, the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. An additional ORF that possessed a ribosome-binding sequence and tandem promoters, indicating the beginning of a new operon, was identified still farther downstream. The results were consistent with the nisin gene being part of a polycistronic operon with a size greater than 8.5 kb.
Reflectance-based determination of optical properties in highly attenuating tissue (2003)

Accurate data on in vivo tissue optical properties in the ultraviolet A (UVA) to visible (VIS) range are needed to elucidate light propagation effects and to aid in identifying safe exposure limits for biomedical optical spectroscopy. We have performed a preliminary study toward the development of a diffuse reflectance system with maximum fiber separation distance of less than 2.5 mm. The ultimate objective is to perform endoscopic measurement of optical properties in the UVA to VIS. Optical property sets with uniformly and randomly distributed values were developed within the range of interest: absorption coefficients from 1 to 25 cm(-1) and reduced scattering coefficients from 5 to 25 cm(-1). Reflectance datasets were generated by direct measurement of Intralipid-dye tissue phantoms at lambda=675 nm and Monte Carlo simulation of light propagation. Multivariate calibration models were generated using feed-forward artificial neural network or partial least squares algorithms. Models were calibrated and evaluated using simulated or measured reflectance datasets. The most accurate models developed-those based on a neural network and uniform optical property intervals-were able to determine absorption and reduced scattering coefficients with root mean square errors of +/-2 and +/-3 cm(-1), respectively. Measurements of ex vivo bovine liver at 543 and 633 nm were within 5 to 30% of values reported in the literature. While our technique for determination of optical properties appears feasible and moderately accurate, enhanced accuracy may be achieved through modification of the experimental system and processing algorithms.
High Frequency Recording with Electrostatically Deflected Ink Jets (1965)

A high speed oscillograph, using ordinary ink and paper, has been developed that provides a new approach to the old problem of producing instantly visible, high frequency records with inexpensive writing materials. A high speed jet of ordinary fountain-pen ink is divided into a uniform procession of drops, each of which is independently charged in proportion to an input-signal voltage. After projection through a constant transverse-deflecting field, the charged drops are collected on a moving chart to form an instantly visible, permanent record of the input signal. Drops are typically formed at a rate of 100 000/sec; each has an independent trajectory and makes an individual mark representing an independent sample of the input waveform. The ink stream may be switched on or off at high speed by providing, between the drop-launching point and the record surface, a collector that intercepts drops having a specific trajectory. Besides oscillography, which is discussed in detail, the technique has applications in other fields requiring marking at high speed or marking without pressure or physical contact.
Sociability and preference for social novelty in five inbred strains: an approach to assess autistic‐like behavior in mice (2004)

Deficits in social interaction are important early markers for autism and related neurodevelopmental disorders with strong genetic components. Standardized behavioral assays that measure the preference of mice for initiating social interactions with novel conspecifics would be of great value for mutant mouse models of autism. We developed a new procedure to assess sociability and the preference for social novelty in mice. To quantitate sociability, each mouse was scored on measures of exploration in a central habituated area, a side chamber containing an unfamiliar conspecific (stranger 1) in a wire cage, or an empty side chamber. In a secondary test, preference for social novelty was quantitated by presenting the test mouse with a choice between the first, now-familiar, conspecific (stranger 1) in one side chamber, and a second unfamiliar mouse (stranger 2) in the other side chamber. Parameters scored included time spent in each chamber and number of entries into the chambers. Five inbred strains of mice were tested, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, A/J and B6129PF2/J hybrids. Four strains showed significant levels of sociability (spend- ing more time in the chamber containing stranger 1 than in the empty chamber) and a preference for social novelty (spending more time in the chamber containing stranger 2 than in the chamber containing the now-familiar stranger 1). These social preferences were observed in both male and female mice, and in juveniles and adults. The exception was A/J, a strain that demonstrated a preference for the central chamber. Results are discussed in terms of potential applications of the new methods, and the proper controls for the interpretation of social behavior data, including assays for health, relevant sensory abilities and motor functions. This new standardized procedure to quantitate sociability and preference for social novelty in mice provides a method to assess tendencies for social avoidance in mouse models of autism.
Myocardial fibrosis: functional significance and regulatory factors (1993)

Journal Article Myocardial fibrosis: functional significance and regulatory factors Get access Karl T Weber, Karl T Weber Division of Cardiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Room MA432 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, USA: K T Weber, C G Brilla, J S Janicki. Correspondence to Professor Weber. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Christian G Brilla, Christian G Brilla Division of Cardiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Room MA432 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, USA: K T Weber, C G Brilla, J S Janicki. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joseph S Janicki Joseph S Janicki Division of Cardiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Room MA432 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, USA: K T Weber, C G Brilla, J S Janicki. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 3, March 1993, Pages 341–348, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.3.341 Published: 01 March 1993 Article history Received: 28 July 1992 Accepted: 30 September 1992 Published: 01 March 1993
Automating the restoration of distribution services in major emergencies (1990)

An overview of a six-year project to develop a low-cost method for automating the more important stages of the outage restoration cycle is provided. The low cost of the resultant system was due to the extensive use of data and logic extracted from existing applications which can stand on their own economically (customer information system, primary system analysis, and transformer load management). The outage restoration stages automated in this project include computerizing the answering of calls, logging calls against protective devices, determining devices out, keeping customers informed on the status of restoration, and dynamic maintenance of files to reflect switching. The system was installed at two southeastern utilities in 1988. The anticipated benefits include lower restoration costs and better customer relations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) for generating specific DNA probes for microorganisms (1993)

We report the rapid generation of DNA probes for several Azospirillum strains. This method does not require any knowledge of the genetics and/or the molecular biology of the organism (genome) to be investigated. The procedure is based on the generation of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints using primers with an embedded restriction site. The amplification product(s) peculiar to one strain or common to two or more strains can be purified, cloned, sequenced and used as molecular probes in hybridization experiments for the detection and identification of microorganisms. We have tested this methodology in the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azospirillum by amplyfing the total DNA extracted from several Azospirillum strains. We have used amplification bands with different specificity as molecular probes in hybridization experiments performed on amplified DNA. Results obtained have demonstrated the usefulness of this methodology for Azospirillum. Its use in microbial ecology studies as a general strategy to generate specific DNA probes is also discussed.