gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentiment Analysis of Short Texts (2014)

Sentiment analysis of short texts such as single sentences and Twitter messages is challenging because of the limited contextual information that they normally contain. Effectively solving this task requires strategies that combine the small text content with prior knowledge and use more than just bag-of-words. In this work we propose a new deep convolutional neural network that exploits from characterto sentence-level information to perform sentiment analysis of short texts. We apply our approach for two corpora of two different domains: the Stanford Sentiment Treebank (SSTb), which contains sentences from movie reviews; and the Stanford Twitter Sentiment corpus (STS), which contains Twitter messages. For the SSTb corpus, our approach achieves state-of-the-art results for single sentence sentiment prediction in both binary positive/negative classification, with 85.7% accuracy, and fine-grained classification, with 48.3% accuracy. For the STS corpus, our approach achieves a sentiment prediction accuracy of 86.4%.
Low Cost Debug Architecture using Lossy Compression for Silicon Debug (2007)

The size of on-chip trace buffers used for at-speed silicon debug limits the observation window in any debug session. Whenever the debug experiment can be repeated, we propose a novel architecture for at-speed silicon debug that enables a methodology where the designer can iteratively zoom only in the intervals containing erroneous samples. When compared to increasing the size of the trace buffer, the proposed architecture has a small impact on silicon area, while significantly reducing the number of debug sessions
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of the Four Regioisomeric 2‐(Methylthio)oxazolopyridines: Useful Synthons for Elaboration to 2‐(Amino‐substituted) oxazolopyridines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluation of an Oral Suspension of VP20621, Spores of Nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile Strain M3, in Healthy Subjects (2012)

VP20621, spores of nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile (NTCD) strain M3, is protective against challenge with toxigenic strains in hamsters. Human administration and colonization may prevent primary C. difficile infection (CDI) or recurrent CDI. Healthy adult subjects 18 to 45 years old or ≥60 years old received single or multiple doses of an oral suspension of VP20621 (10(4), 10(6), or 10(8) spores) or placebo. Group 4 (≥60 years old) received oral vancomycin for 5 days, followed by 14 days of VP20621 or placebo. Subjects were monitored for safety and followed through day 28. Stool was cultured for C. difficile before, during, and after VP20621 administration. Isolates were tested for toxin by enzyme immunoassay, and VP20621 was confirmed by molecular typing. After single escalating doses, no subjects had C. difficile-positive stool cultures. VP20621 was found in the stool of all subjects given 10(8) spores twice a day. Following vancomycin administration, VP20621 was detected in the stool of all subjects given 10(4), 10(6), or 10(8) spores daily beginning on day 2 to 6. Recovered isolates were toxin negative and confirmed to be VP20621. There were no serious adverse events, and no subjects prematurely discontinued study drugs. Following vancomycin administration, 2 placebo subjects became colonized with toxigenic C. difficile and 3 placebo subjects became colonized with VP20621. Persistent colonization with VP20621 was detected in stools on days 21 to 28 in 44% of subjects. VP20621 was well tolerated and able to colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of subjects pretreated with vancomycin. Further study of VP20621 to prevent CDI in patients is warranted.
An update on the presence of psychiatric comorbidities in acne patients, Part 2: Depression, anxiety, and suicide. (2011)

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people. Psychologic disorders such as depression, anxiety, and body dysmorphic disorder are common in patients with AV and the reported prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide completion in acne patients also is remarkable. Part 1 of this series provided an overview of the prevalence of psychologic disorders in patients with AV Part 2 reviews depression, anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, and suicidal ideation and completion seen in AV patients. Treatments available for acne patients with coexisting psychiatric illness also are discussed, along with the relationship between oral isotretinoin and depression and suicide.
The Retroviral Protease (1997)

This report examines the histochemical staining patterns, ultrastructure, and cell-surface phenotypes of six antigen-specific T-cell clones. Histochemical analyses indicated that all cell lines expressed alpha-napthyl butyrate esterase characteristic of the monocytic isoenzyme, intense napthol AS-D chloroacetate reactivity characteristic of granulocytes, and were negative for leucoperoxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and Sudan black. Only one clone stained weakly for acid phosphatase. The esterase staining patterns became evident in newly established cell lines after growth for only 1 week in interleukin 2-conditioned medium. Ultrastructurally, the outstanding feature was numerous membrane-bound granules containing a complex-appearing globular material. The cell-surface phenotypes of the lines as determined by protein A-sheep red blood cell rosetting and indirect immunofluorescence was Ly-5+, T200+, Qa-5-, MAC-1-, and Lyt-1+,2,3- for the helper line and Lyt-1-2,3+ for the five cytotoxic lines. By quantitative absorption analyses, low levels of Lyt-1 antigens were detected on all examined cytotoxic lines. The results strengthen the view that long-term T-cell lines can retain normal T-cell characteristics while also expressing markers that are either absent or in undetectable levels on uncultured T lymphocytes. The presence of the esterases may be associated with an expanded functional role in the T-cell lines.
Three-dimensional imaging: a space invariant model for space variant systems (1990)

Streibl [Optik 66, 341-354 (1984)] has shown that afocal telecentric imaging systems are shift invariant in three dimensions. We show that afocal telecentric imaging systems are the only imaging systems that are shift invariant in three dimensions. In addition, we present a model that allows any imaging system to be modeled as an afocal telecentric imaging system preceded and succeeded by simple coordinate transformation operators. The model is derived for diffraction-limited imaging systems where the Fresnel approximation is valid. It is assumed that the object distribution is incoherently radiating and that multiple scattering and absorption within the object distribution are negligible. A physical analogy is given that provides insight into the mathematical model. Finally, a comparison with the work of Frieden is given.
Infrared transparent carbon nanotube thin films (2009)

We have measured the infrared properties of optically transparent and electrically conductive single walled carbon nanotube thin films. We found that nanotube films with sheet resistance values of 200 Ω/sq show outstanding transmittance in the infrared range up to at least 22 μm, with an average transmittance greater than 90% over this range. The infrared properties of various materials were compared and we found that transparent nanotube electrodes and transparent graphene electrodes outperform the others in several key categories. This study opens another important application area for conductive nanotube thin films.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome contains functional and nonfunctional copies of transposon Ty1. (1988)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty elements are transposons closely related to retroviruses. The DNA sequence of a functional Ty element (TyH3) is presented. The long terminal repeat sequences are different, suggesting that TyH3 is a recombinant Ty element. A chromosomal Ty element near the LYS2 gene, Ty173, was found to be nonfunctional, even though it has no detectable insertions or deletions. The defect in Ty173 transposition is caused by a missense mutation giving rise to a Leu-to-Ile substitution in the TYB (pol) open reading frame. Several chromosomal Ty elements carry this lesion in their DNA, indicating that nonfunctional Ty elements are common in the yeast genome.
Study of maximum power tracking techniques and control of DC/DC converters for photovoltaic power system (2002)

As the electric power supplied by solar arrays depends on the insolation, temperature and array voltage, it is necessary to control the operating points to draw the maximum power of the solar array. The object of this paper is to investigate the maximum power tracking algorithms which were often used to compare the tracking efficiencies for the system operating under different controls. Besides, different type DC/DC converters were designed to evaluate the converter performance. A simple method which combines a discrete time control and a PI compensator is used to track the maximum power points (MPPs) of the solar array. The implementation of the proposed converter system was based on a digital signal processor (DSP) and the experimental results are presented.
Small Molecule Oxidation Products Trigger Disease-Associated Protein Misfolding (2006)

Oxidative stress and inflammation are risk factors for both the development of alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and Alzheimer's disease, the two most common neurodegenerative disorders. These diseases are associated with the neurotoxic deposition of misassembled alpha-synuclein and amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides, respectively. Both occur sporadically, that is, without detectable disease-related mutations, in the vast majority of cases. Small molecule oxidation products, especially secosterols derived from cholesterol and 4-hydroxynonenal derived from lipid peroxidation, found in afflicted brains, accelerate the misassembly of both Abeta and alpha-synuclein. This Account explores the mechanism of small molecule oxidation product-mediated protein misassembly and possible intervention strategies.
Status of the Field-Reversed Configuration as an Alternate Confinement Concept (1989)

The status and main issues of field-reversed configuration research are briefly reviewed. The unusual fusion reactor potential of these plasmas is also described, in particular for systems that would burn D-3He fuels. The field-reversed configuration is ideal for possible use of advanced fuels because it has a very high plasma beta and because its simple geometry includes a natural divertor that should allow efficient direct conversion.
[Clinical and pathological characteristics of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children]. (2004)

FSGS was common in school-aged children. The predominant presenting feature was nephrotic syndrome. Hematuria was common. Hypertension and renal insufficiency were less frequently seen. The renal biopsy showed multiple variants. Pulse methylprednisolone and pulse cyclophosphamide or cyclosporin A treatments showed relatively good response.
The epidemiology of the DSM-III psychosexual dysfunctions (1986)

The findings of 22 general population sex surveys are reanalyzed to assess the prevalence and distribution of the Psychosexual Dysfunctions as defined by DSM-III. Methodological shortcomings of the studies and problems with utilizing data originally collected for other purposes are discussed. Prevalence is estimated to be: Inhibited Female Orgasm, 5-30 + %; Inhibited Male Orgasm, 5%; Premature Ejaculation, 35%; Inhibited Sexual Excitement, 10-20% for men, indeterminate for women; Inhibited Sexual Desire, 1-15% for men, 1-35% for women. The author discusses the usefulness of epidemiological data for clinical, research, and public health undertakings.
Effective communication coalescing for data-parallel applications (2005)

Communication coalescing is a static optimization that can reduce both communication frequency and redundant data transfer in compiler-generated code for regular, data parallel applications. We present an algorithm for coalescing communication that arises when generating code for regular, data-parallel applications written in High Performance Fortran (HPF). To handle sophisticated computation partitionings, our algorithm normalizes communication before attempting coalescing. We experimentally evaluate our algorithm, which is implemented in the dHPF compiler, in the compilation of HPF versions of the NAS application benchmarks SP, BT and LU. Our normalized coalescing algorithm improves the performance and scalability of compiler-generated code for these benchmarks by reducing the communication volume up to 55% compared to a simpler coalescing strategy and enables us to match the communication volume and frequency in hand-optimized MPI implementations of these codes.
Electrodeposition of Au nanoparticles on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) functionalized reduced graphene oxide sheets for voltammetric determination of nicotine in tobacco products and anti-smoking pharmaceuticals (2016)

The principal objective of this study was to develop a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for nicotine detection based on a novel PDDA-RGO/Au nanocomposite.
Influence of electron-boundary scattering on thermoreflectance calculations after intra- and interband transitions induced by short-pulsed laser absorption (2010)

Ultrashort pulsed lasers are effective tools for use in a wide array of nanoscale applications, ranging from precise machining of nanomaterials, to deposition of nanocomposites, to diagnostics for observations of transport properties on atomistic time and length scales. One critical caveat of these applications is predicting and controlling the temperature of the materials after the absorbed laser pulse. At relatively low absorbed laser powers, the temperature can be determined from the reflected energy from the laser pulse off the sample surface as the reflectivity and the temperature change are linearly related. However, as laser pulses become more powerful, thereby inducing large temperature changes, and as materials continue to decrease in characteristic lengths, thereby causing substrate interference affecting the absorbed energy, the determination of the temperature from reflectance becomes more complicated than the traditionally assumed linear relation. In this work, a reflectance model is developed that accounts for large temperature fluctuations in thin-film metals by utilizing the temperature dependencies of the intraband (``free'' electron) and interband (``bound'' electron) dielectric functions and multiple reflection theory. Electron-electron, electron-phonon, and electron-substrate scattering are exploited and the change in reflectance as a function of these various scattering events is studied in the case of both intra- and interband excitations. This thermoreflectance model is compared to thermoreflectance data on thin Au films.
Monitoring a widespread bacterial group: in situ detection of planctomycetes with 16S rRNA-targeted probes (1998)

The group of planctomycetes represents a separate line of descent within the domain Bacteria. Two phylum-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes for planctomycetes have been designed, optimized for in situ hybridization and used in different habitats to detect members of the group in situ. The probes, named PLA46 and PLA886, are targeting all or nearly all members of the planctomycete line of descent. Planctomycetes could be detected in almost all samples examined, e.g. a brackish water lagoon, activated sludge, and other wastewater habitats. In situ probing revealed quite uniform morphology and spatial arrangement of the detected cells but profound differences in abundance ranging from less than 0.1% to several percentage of the total cells. Single coccoid cells with diameters between 1 and 2.5 microm were dominating in most samples with the exception of the lagoon, in which rosettes of pear-shaped cells were abundant. The planctomycetes showed generally no hybridization signals with the bacterial probe EUB338, which is in accordance with base changes in their 165 rRNA sequences. A discrete ultrastructure of planctomycete cells was suggested by double staining with rRNA-targeted probes and the DNA-binding dye 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The probe-conferred fluorescence was distributed in a ring-shaped manner around a central DAPI spot. The two probes developed extend the existing set of group-specific rRNA-targeted probes and help to elucidate the basic composition of bacterial communities in a first step of differential analysis. In situ hybridization of environmental samples indicated widespread presence of planctomycetes in different ecosystems.
New Methodologies for the Synthesis of 3-Acylpyridone Metabolites (2010)

A core isoxazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-4-one scaffold is prepared and elaborated at C-3(Me) and C-7 as a masked building block for 3-acylpyridin-2-ones related to the acylpyridone natural products
Ordered and reliable multicast communication (1991)

A mnlticast group is a collection of processesthat are the destinations of the same sequenceof messages.These messagesmay originate at one or more source sites and the destination processesmay run on one or more sites, not necessarily distinct. The nmlticast groups may overlap. A multieast protocol is responsible for the delivery of messagesto the appropriate processes. Someapplications require that the protocol provide someguaranteeson the order in which messagesare delivered. In addition, in many casesreliability of delivery is essential. In this paper we -&rracterize three ordering properties and discusstheir solutions. We concentrate on the multiple group ordering property, which guarantees that two messages destined to two processesare delivered in the samerelative order, even if they originate at different sourcesand are addreseedto different mnlticast groups. We present a new protocol called the propagation
Nonlinear effects inside corneal tissue after fs-photodisruption (2001)

In order to perform refractive surgery, fs-laser pulses were focused into animal cornea. During histo-pathological analysis by light- and transmission-electron-microscopy new side effects of fs-photodisruption were found. Due to the high intensities at the focal region, self focusing followed by further nonlinear effects is observed, leading to streak formation inside the cornea and several micro-breakdowns on the sub-micron scale. The nature and origin of these streaks are further investigated.
A flexible high performance 2-D discrete cosine transform IC (2003)

The authors present an ASIC that is able to execute a two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (2D-DCT) algorithm and its inverse (2D-IDCT) at a maximum input sample rate of 13.5 MHz. It is demonstrated that a separable, orthogonal transform like the 2D-DCT can efficiently be mapped on a very long instruction word multiprocessor architecture, which may accommodate other algorithms. Some details and the test strategy are also elaborated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Defending a Computer System Using Autonomous Agents (1995)

This report presents a prototype architecture of a defense mechanism for computer systems. The intrusion detection problem is introduced and some of the key aspects of any solution are explained. Standard intrusion detection systems are built as a single monolithic module. A finer-grained approach is proposed, where small, independent agents monitor the system. These agents are taught how to recognise intrusive behaviour. The learning mechanism in the agents is built using Genetic Programming. This is explained, and some sample agents are described. The flexibility, scalability and resilience of the agent approach are discussed. Future issues are also outlined. 1 Introduction Because of increased network connectivity, computer systems are becoming increasingly vulnerable to attack. These attacks often exploit flaws in either the operating system or application programs. The general goal of such attacks is to subvert the traditional security mechanisms on the systems so as to execute o...
The Redox Basis of Epigenetic Modifications: From Mechanisms to Functional Consequences (2010)

Epigenetic modifications represent mechanisms by which cells may effectively translate multiple signaling inputs into phenotypic outputs. Recent research is revealing that redox metabolism is an increasingly important determinant of epigenetic control that may have significant ramifications in both human health and disease. Numerous characterized epigenetic marks, including histone methylation, acetylation, and ADP-ribosylation, as well as DNA methylation, have direct linkages to central metabolism through critical redox intermediates such as NAD(+), S-adenosyl methionine, and 2-oxoglutarate. Fluctuations in these intermediates caused by both normal and pathologic stimuli may thus have direct effects on epigenetic signaling that lead to measurable changes in gene expression. In this comprehensive review, we present surveys of both metabolism-sensitive epigenetic enzymes and the metabolic processes that may play a role in their regulation. To close, we provide a series of clinically relevant illustrations of the communication between metabolism and epigenetics in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer disease, cancer, and environmental toxicity. We anticipate that the regulatory mechanisms described herein will play an increasingly large role in our understanding of human health and disease as epigenetics research progresses.