gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Catheter Versus Paclitaxel-Coated Stent for the Treatment of Coronary In-Stent Restenosis (2009)

Treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis with the paclitaxel-coated balloon was at least as efficacious and as well tolerated as the paclitaxel-eluting stent. For the treatment of in-stent restenosis, inhibition of re-restenosis does not require a second stent implantation.
Gene therapy for colorectal cancer by adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting CD147 based on loss of the IGF2 imprinting system (2015)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene is an epigenetic abnormality phenomenon in CRC. Recently observed association of CRC with cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) could provide a novel approach for gene therapy. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of using adenovirus‑mediated siRNA targeting CD147 based on the IGF2 LOI system for targeted gene therapy of CRC. A novel adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting CD147, rAd-H19-CD147mirsh, which was driven by the IGF2 imprinting system, was constructed. The results showed that the EGFP expression was detected only in the IGF2 LOI cell lines (HT-29 and HCT-8), but that no EGFP was produced in cell lines with maintenance of imprinting (MOI) (HCT116). Moreover, rAd-H19-CD147mirsh significantly inhibited the expression of CD147, decreased cell viability and invasive ability, and increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs only in the LOI cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, mice bearing HT-29 xenografted tumors, which received intratumoral administration of the rAd-H19-CD147mirsh, showed significantly reduced tumor growth and enhanced survival. We conclude that recombinant adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting CD147 based on the IGF2 LOI system inhibited the growth of the LOI cells in vitro and in vivo, which would provide a novel approach for targeted CRC gene therapy.
Cyclin D1 Triggers Autonomous Growth of Breast Cancer Cells by Governing Cell Cycle Exit (1996)

Cyclin D1 controls G1-associated processes, including G0-to-G1 and G1-to-S transitions. This study demonstrates a novel aspect of cyclin D1 as a regulator of the transition between G1 and G0. Overexpression of cyclin D1 in MCF7 breast tumor cells resulted in a continued proliferation under low-serum conditions, whereas nonoverexpressing cells ceased to grow. This difference in growth was due to a reduced exit from G1 to G0 in cyclin D1-overexpressing cells. Our data therefore suggest a model in which cyclin D1 overexpression in tumor cells is responsible for hyperproliferation under growth factor-deprived conditions.
Measurement of DNA Concentration as a Normalization Strategy for Metabolomic Data from Adherent Cell Lines (2013)

Metabolomics is a rapidly advancing field, and much of our understanding of the subject has come from research on cell lines. However, the results and interpretation of such studies depend on appropriate normalization of the data; ineffective or poorly chosen normalization methods can lead to frankly erroneous conclusions. That is a recurrent challenge because robust, reliable methods for normalization of data from cells have not been established. In this study, we have compared several methods for normalization of metabolomic data from cell extracts. Total protein concentration, cell count, and DNA concentration exhibited strong linear correlations with seeded cell number, but DNA concentration was found to be the most generally useful method for the following reasons: (1) DNA concentration showed the greatest consistency across a range of cell numbers; (2) DNA concentration was the closest to proportional with cell number; (3) DNA samples could be collected from the same dish as the metabolites; and (4) cell lines that grew in clumps were difficult to count accurately. We therefore conclude that DNA concentration is a widely applicable method for normalizing metabolomic data from adherent cell lines.
Oxygen content of indium tin oxide films fabricated by reactive sputtering (1995)

Indium tin oxide (ITO) films, which are transparent conductive films, have been widely used in optoelectronic applications. A high quality film with correct stoichiometric composition is essential for its applications, such as a flat panel display. However, it is difficult to estimate the absolute oxygen concentration. There are few studies of oxygen depth profiling for ITO films. We have investigated a relationship between the oxygen content of ITO films and the electrical properties under various deposition conditions. The absolute oxygen concentration has been determined by 16O(α,α)16O resonant backscattering of a 3.045 MeV 4He2+ ion beam. It has been found that there is a correlation between the depth profile of oxygen concentration of ITO films and the film properties. In the case of the ITO film fabricated at room temperature, a large deficiency of oxygen can be seen at the surface of the film. When the film was formed at 400 °C, no deficiency of oxygen at the film surface was observed. The observed oxygen concentration will be discussed in terms of the electrical and optical properties of the films.
Definition of a tumor suppressor locus within human chromosome 3p21-p22. (1992)

Cytogenetic abnormalities and high-frequency allele losses involving the short arm of human chromosome 3 have been identified in a variety of histologically different neoplasms. These findings suggest that a tumor-suppressor gene or genes may be located in the region of 3p14-p25, although there has been no definitive functional proof for the involvement of a particular region of 3p. We report a rapid genetic assay system that has allowed functional analysis of defined regions of 3p in the suppression of tumorigenicity in vivo. Interspecific microcell hybrids containing fragments of chromosome 3p were constructed and screened for tumorigenicity in athymic nude mice. Hybrid clones were obtained that showed a dramatic tumor suppression and contained a 2-megabase fragment of human chromosomal material encompassing the region 3p21 near the interface with 3p22. With these hybrid clones, we have defined a genetic locus at 3p21-p22 intimately involved in tumor suppression.
The Multisensory Guard Cell. Stomatal Responses to Blue Light and Abscisic Acid1 (1999)

Microscopic stomatal pores in the epidermes of aerial plant organs allow the loss of water vapor to the atmosphere in a process known as transpiration and the entry of CO2 into the plant for photosynthetic carbon fixation. Stomatal apertures are rapidly and reversibly regulated by pairs of guard
Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Genomes Take the Form of Long-Lived, Transcriptionally Competent Episomes in Human Muscle (2015)

Gene augmentation therapy as a strategy to treat alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency has reached phase 2 clinical testing in humans. Sustained serum levels of AAT have been observed beyond one year after intramuscular administration of a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector expressing the AAT gene. In this study, sequential muscle biopsies obtained at 3 and 12 months after vector injection were examined for the presence of rAAV vector genomes. Each biopsy sample contained readily detectable vector DNA, the majority of which existed as double-stranded supercoiled and open circular episomes. Episomes persisted through 12 months, although at slightly lower levels than observed at 3 months. There was a clear dose response when comparing the low- and mid-vector-dose groups to the high-dose group. The highest absolute copy numbers were found in a high-dose subject, and serum AAT levels at 12 months confirmed that the high-dose group also had the highest sustained serum AAT levels. Sequence analysis revealed that the vast majority of episomes contained double-D inverted terminal repeats ranging from fully intact to severely deleted. Molecular clones of vector genomes derived directly from the biopsies were transcriptionally active, potentially identifying them as the source of serum AAT in the trial subjects.
Protective effect of <I>Ornithogalum saundersiae</I> Ait (Liliaceae) against acetaminophen-induced acute liver in-jury <I>via</I> CYP2E1 and HIF-1α (2012)

Aim
To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of total saponin from Ornithogalum saundersiae Ait (Liliaceae) (OC) against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury in vivo and in vitro.
An amino acid mixture is essential to optimize insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in perfused rodent hindlimb muscle (2012)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an amino acid mixture increases glucose uptake across perfused rodent hindlimb muscle in the presence and absence of a submaximal insulin concentration, and if the increase in glucose uptake is related to an increase in GLUT4 plasma membrane density. Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into one of four treatment groups: basal, amino acid mixture, submaximal insulin, or amino acid mixture with submaximal insulin. Glucose uptake was greater for both insulin-stimulated treatments compared with the non-insulin-stimulated treatment groups but amino acids only increased glucose uptake in the presence of insulin. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity was greater for both insulin-stimulated treatments with amino acids having no additional impact. Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) phosphorylation, however, was increased by the amino acids in the presence of insulin, but not in the absence of insulin. AMPK was unaffected by insulin or amino acids. Plasma membrane GLUT4 protein concentration was greater in the rats treated with insulin compared with no insulin in the perfusate. In the presence of insulin, amino acids increased GLUT4 density in the plasma membrane but had no effect in the absence of insulin. AS160 phosphorylation and plasma membrane GLUT4 density accounted for 76% of the variability in muscle glucose uptake. Collectively, these findings suggest that the beneficial effects of an amino acid mixture on skeletal muscle glucose uptake, in the presence of a submaximal insulin concentration, are due to an increase in AS160 phosphorylation and plasma membrane-associated GLUT4, but independent of PI 3-kinase and AMPK activation.
Investigation of the Chemical Nature of Gonyleptidine (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of the Chemical Nature of GonyleptidineLouis F. Fieser and Maria Isabel ArdaoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 4, 774–781Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01585a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01585a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views484Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical trials in neurological disorders using AAV vectors: promises and challenges. (2004)

Currently, there are five phase I clinical trials of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors for the treatment of neurological disorders that are approved or likely to be approved shortly. Two trials are testing different strategies to treat Parkinson's disease (PD), the third trial is aimed at treating Canavan's disease, a pediatric leukodystrophy, the fourth trial targets Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the fifth will attempt to target the lysosomal storage disorder, Batten's disease. All four clinical trials rely on the de novo expression of an enzyme or a trophic factor to correct neuropathology. Ironically, the theories used to choose enzymes for the two PD trials were widely divergent, whereas the enzymatic strategy used for one of the PD trials and the Canavan's trial have remarkable similarities. Other gene therapy treatment strategies for PD and other disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are also on the horizon.
SWEEPER: an efficient disaster recovery point identification mechanism (2008)

Data corruption is one of the key problems that is on top of the radar screen of most CIOs. Continuous Data Protection (CDP) technologies help enterprises deal with data corruption by maintaining multiple versions of data and facilitating recovery by allowing an administrator restore to an earlier clean version of data. The aim of the recovery process after data corruption is to quickly traverse through the backup copies (old versions), and retrieve a clean copy of data. Currently, data recovery is an ad-hoc, time consuming and frustrating process with sequential brute force approaches, where recovery time is proportional to the number of backup copies examined and the time to check a backup copy for data corruption. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of SWEEPER architecture and backup copy selection algorithms that specifically tackle the problem of quickly and systematically identifying a good recovery point. We monitor various system events and generate checkpoint records that help in quickly identifying a clean backup copy. The SWEEPER methodology dynamically determines the selection algorithm based on user specified recovery time and recovery point objectives, and thus, allows system administrators to perform trade-offs between recovery time and data currentness. We have implemented our solution as part of a popular Storage Resource Manager product and evaluated SWEEPER under many diverse settings. Our study clearly establishes the effectiveness of SWEEPER as a robust strategy to significantly reduce recovery time. 1
Characterization of the Oxygen‐17 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Water Mobility Response Surface (1987)

ABSTRACT This study uses Factorial design techniques to investigate the Oxygen‐17 ( 17 O) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxation rate response surface of a corn starch‐water system as affected by three experimental conditions: concentration, time between sample preparation (hydration) and measurement and storage temperature. It was found that neither time (between 0.1 and 20 hours) nor the storage temperature (room temperature and low temperature) had a significant effect on the 17 O NMR relaxation rate response. The only variable which affected the 17 O NMR relaxation rate was the concentration of corn starch in water (10–70%, w/w). Mathematical modeling of the dependence of the 17 O NMR response on concentration is discussed in detail.
Physical association between MHC class I and class II molecules detected on the cell surface by flow cytometric energy transfer. (1989)

The physical association of HLA class I and class II Ag in the membranes of PGF and JY lymphoblastoid cell lines was studied using flow cytometric energy transfer. This technique measures the proximity of cell surface molecules in the nm range and provides a distribution histogram of the average proximity of molecules on each cell of a population. HLA Ag were labeled with mAb conjugated to fluorescein, serving as donor, or tetramethylrhodamine, serving as acceptor molecules. Significant fluorescence energy transfer was detected between various combinations of class I and class II molecules indicating that these molecules are within 10 nanometers of each other. Specifically, energy transfer was observed between class I molecules and DR, DQ, or DP class II HLA molecules. In addition, energy transfer between all combinations of DR, DQ, and DP molecules was observed. No transfer was observed among class I molecules or among DR or among DP molecules. Among DQ molecules, subpopulations transferred fluorescence energy to each other. The close contact measured between class I and class II Ag correlates with previous reports of cocapping and may reflect an immunologically significant interaction or the reported tendency of class I Ag to associate with other cell surface receptors, including growth factor receptors. The energy transfer between fluorescent antibodies to class II Ag suggests the existence of heterodimers formed from the different locus products, as well as possible quaternary surface interactions between alpha/beta complexes from separate loci.
Basement membrane and growth factor gene expression in normal and diabetic human retinas (1999)

The data suggest that proliferative DR development may be associated with increased retinal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, placenta growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta1 that possibly triggers the deposition of small tenascin-C isoforms in the blood vessel walls. Angiogenesis-stimulating tenascin-C may further promote diabetic retinal neovascularization.
M·弗里德曼和J·托宾论金融创新和货币政策 (1985)

在金融创新方面,弗里德曼和托宾分别为当前美国经济学界消极派(Non active School)和积极派(Gcti e School)的首脑人物,两人都是驰誉世界的货币经济理论家,诺贝尔奖金获得者。以下两篇译文是他们二人在今年五月底在东京日本银行召开的金融创新与货币政策国际货币会议上的基调发言。从他们二人的发言中,我们可以看出两大学派对货币经济的不同看法。特别是托宾的发言中涉及到了加强宏观控制和搞活微观经济的论点,对我们当前的银行工作有一定的参考价值。
ODSG: An Architecture of Ontology-based Distributed Simulation on Grid (2006)

In this paper, we present an architecture of ontology-based distributed simulation on grid (ODSG) which facilitates life-cycle management of large-scale distributed interactive simulation on the grid computing environment. The architecture aims at some further solved key technologies for M&S (model and simulation) and new simulation pattern on open, complex, large-scale distributed grid environment. We accomplished a novel well-defined multi-layered architecture, which consists of grid infrastructure layer, simulation grid middleware layer, ontology-based GUI layer, simulation application layer and users layer. Under the architecture of ODSG, ontology-based simulation services integrate ontology and grid technologies to provide a semantic heterogeneous solution to describe simulation resources in distributed simulation environment. ODSG surmounts inherent shortcomings of traditional HLA-based distributed simulation on dynamical share, dynamical discovery, autonomy, fault tolerant, task migration, collaboration capability and security mechanism
Platelet-conditioned medium increases endothelial electrical resistance independently of cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG (2001)

Platelets release a soluble factor into blood and conditioned medium (PCM) that decreases vascular endothelial permeability. The objective of this study was to determine the signal-transduction pathway that elicits this decrease in permeability. Permeability-decreasing activity of PCM was assessed by the real-time measurement of electrical resistance across cell monolayers derived from bovine pulmonary arteries and microvessels. Using a desensitization protocol with cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)-enhancing agents and pharmacological inhibitors, we determined that the activity of PCM is independent of PKA and PKG. Genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, prevented the increase in endothelial electrical resistance. Because lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has been proposed to be responsible for this activity of PCM and is known to activate the G(i) protein, inhibitors of the G protein pertussis toxin and of the associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) wortmannin were used. Pertussis toxin and wortmannin caused a 10- to 15-min delay in the characteristic rise in electrical resistance induced by PCM. Inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase with the mitogen-activated kinase kinase inhibitors PD-98059 and U-0126 did not prevent the activity of PCM. Similar findings with regard to the cAMP protocols and inhibition of G(i) and PI3K were obtained for 1-oleoyl-LPA. These results demonstrate that PCM increases endothelial electrical resistance in vitro via a novel, signal transduction pathway independent of cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG. Furthermore, PCM rapidly activates a signaling pathway involving tyrosine phosphorylation, the G(i) protein, and PI3K.
Liver Intestine-Cadherin (CDH17) Haplotype Is Associated with Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2006)

The functional T-G haplotype of CDH17 (651 C>T and IVS6+35A>G) is a genetic susceptibility factor for the development of HCC in a Chinese population.
Structure of native alpha 2-macroglobulin and its transformation to the protease bound form. (1988)

Well-preserved structures of native and alpha-chymotrypsin-bound alpha 2-macroglobulin were obtained by electron microscopy. Computer processing of these images has shown that the native structure has the shape of a padlock 19 nm long. It is proposed that the native alpha 2-macroglobulin consists of the juxtaposition of two protomers with one protomer shaped like a distorted letter "S" and with the other its reverse image, to form a binding site between the two protomers near the bottom of the complex. On cleavage of the subunits with chymotrypsin, the native structure condenses to 16.7 nm and rearranges so that the interaction between the protomers is near the middle. Two images of the alpha 2-macroglobulin-chymotrypsin conjugate were obtained. We suggest that these images represent the end and side view of this complex. Based on the manner in which the native structure is assembled, we propose that the proteolyzed form of alpha 2-macroglobulin is functionally asymmetric in that both protease binding sites reside on the same half of the complex.
Modification of Sodium Release Using Porous Corn Starch and Lipoproteic Matrix (2016)

Excessive sodium consumption can result in hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, stroke, and kidney diseases. Various chips and extruded snacks, where salt is mainly applied on the product surface, accounted for almost 56% of snacks retail sales in 2010. Hence, it is important to target sodium reduction for those snack products. Past studies had shown that modifying the rate-release mechanism of sodium is a promising strategy for sodium reduction in the food industry. Encapsulation of salt can be a possible technique to control sodium release rate. Porous corn starch (PCS), created by enzymatic treatment and spray drying and lipoproteic matrix, created by gelation and freeze drying, were evaluated as carriers for controlled sodium release targeting topically applied salts. Both carriers encapsulated salt and their in vitro sodium release profiles were measured using a conductivity meter. The sodium release profiles of PCS treated with different enzymatic reaction times were not significantly different. Protein content and fat content altered sodium release profile from the lipoproteic matrix. The SEM images of PCS showed that most of the salt crystals coated the starch instead of being encapsulated in the pores while the SEM images and computed tomography scan of lipoproteic matrix showed salt dispersed throughout the matrix. Hence, PCS was found to have limitations as a sodium carrier as it could not effectively encapsulate salt inside its pores. The lipoproteic matrix was found to have a potential as a sodium carrier as it could effectively encapsulate salt and modify the sodium release profile.