gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antigenic analysis of hematopoiesis. V. Characterization of My-10 antigen expression by normal lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells. (1986)

The My-10 glycoprotein is an hematopoietic cell surface antigen expressed specifically by undifferentiated (blast) cells, constituting 1%-4% of normal adult bone marrow leukocytes. We used several immunological and in vitro culture methods to analyze the expression of this unique antigen on a variety of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells. Colony-forming cells (CFC) for granulocyte-monocyte colonies (CFC-GM) and erythroid colonies (BFU-E) were predominantly My-10 positive. CFC with higher proliferative potential were more strongly My-10 positive than CFC with lower proliferative potential, and those for mixed-lineage and blast cell colonies were even more uniformly My-10 positive. Cells maintaining CFC-GM number in short-term marrow culture (pre-CFC) were found to be My-10 positive, as were lymphoid precursors defined by their content of intranuclear terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. More mature erythroid precursors (CFU-E) were heterogeneous for antigen expression and lost My-10 antigen progressively, in parallel with advancing maturational stage. The My-10 antigen permits rapid identification and purification of hematopoietic progenitor cells for further study or potential clinical application. The disappearance of the My-10 antigen, moreover, may be a probe for differentiation-linked cellular events.
Combination Effect of Anti-Fas Antibody and Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Ovarian Cancer Cells in vitro (1997)

To clarify the significance of the Fas antigen (Ag) in gynecologic tumors, its expression in gynecologic cancer cell lines was examined. The Fas Ag was expressed in 6 of 15 cell lines. Five of 8 ovarian cancer cell lines but none of 4 choriocarcinoma cell lines expressed the Fas Ag. In drug-resistant cell lines derived from one of the Fas-positive cells, its expression was not lost after development of resistance to cisplatin, SN-38 or etoposide, but its expression was absent in the cell line resistant to Adriamycin. The effect of the anti-Fas antibody (Ab) was then studied. Apoptosis was induced in 7 of 9 Fas-positive cell lines, whereas the remaining two cell lines were unaffected. Furthermore, the combination effect of the anti-Fas Ab and drugs was examined in an ovarian cancer cell line and its drug-resistant variants, and a synergistic effect was observed. These results suggest important roles of the Fas Ag in ovarian cancer and the potential for overcoming drug resistance by a combination of the anti-Fas Ab and various drugs.
Field Experiments in Bedfordshire on the Chemical Treatment of Soil infected with the Potato Eelworm Heterodera schachtii, during 1936—37 (1938)

Preliminary investigations on the problem of affording protection to the potato plant growing in soil infested with cysts of Heterodera schachtii , were carried out by Hurst &amp; Triffitt (1935, i, ii, 1937). In these experiments promising results were obtained by the application of calcium cyanamide or of ferric oxide to the soil, and trials with these chemicals were designed on a larger'scale. A small field experiment (Hurst &amp; Franklin, 1937) was carried out in Lincolnshire during 1936, using dressings of 30 cwt. per acre of calcium cyanamide and 12 cwt. per acre of ferric oxide. On the cyanamide plots an increased yield of potatoes was accompanied by a relatively small increase in the cyst population of the soil. With ferric oxide the results were not significantly different from those on the untreated control plots.
Long-wavelength iodide-sensitive fluorescent indicators for measurement of functional CFTR expression in cells (1999)

Limitations of available indicators [such as 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium (SPQ)] for measurement of intracellular Cl(-) are their relatively dim fluorescence and need for ultraviolet excitation. A series of long-wavelength polar fluorophores was screened to identify compounds with Cl(-) and/or I(-) sensitivity, bright fluorescence, low toxicity, uniform loading of cytoplasm with minimal leakage, and chemical stability in cells. The best compound found was 7-(beta-D-ribofuranosylamino)-pyrido[2, 1-h]-pteridin-11-ium-5-olate (LZQ). LZQ is brightly fluorescent with excitation and emission maxima at 400-470 and 490-560 nm, molar extinction 11,100 M(-1). cm(-1) (424 nm), and quantum yield 0.53. LZQ fluorescence is quenched by I(-) by a collisional mechanism (Stern-Volmer constant 60 M(-1)) and is not affected by other halides, nitrate, cations, or pH changes (pH 5-8). After LZQ loading into cytoplasm by hypotonic shock or overnight incubation, LZQ remained trapped in cells (leakage <3%/h). LZQ stained cytoplasm uniformly, remained chemically inert, did not bind to cytoplasmic components, and was photobleached by <1% during 1 h of continuous illumination. Cytoplasmic LZQ fluorescence was quenched selectively by I(-) (50% quenching at 38 mM I(-)). LZQ was used to measure forskolin-stimulated I(-)/Cl(-) and I(-)/NO(-)(3) exchange in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-expressing cell lines by fluorescence microscopy and microplate reader instrumentation using 96-well plates. The substantially improved optical and cellular properties of LZQ over existing indicators should permit the quantitative analysis of CFTR function in gene delivery trials and high-throughput screening of compounds for correction of the cystic fibrosis phenotype.
Binding of human C-reactive protein to bacteria (1982)

The binding of C-reactive protein to a variety of species of bacteria with potential clinical significance was studied to assess the potential function of C-reactive protein in nonimmune defense against infection. Purified, radioiodinated human C-reactive protein bound to all Streptococcus pneumoniae tested and to some viridans streptococci, but not to group A or group B streptococci or to any of eight different gram-negative rods and cocci.
Crystal structures of 7-methylguanosine 5′-triphosphate (m7GTP)- and P1-7-methylguanosine-P3-adenosine-5′,5′-triphosphate (m7GpppA)-bound human full-length eukaryotic initiation factor 4E: biological importance of the C-terminal flexible region (2002)

The crystal structures of the full-length human eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E complexed with two mRNA cap analogues [7-methylguanosine 5′-triphosphate (m7GTP) and P1-7-methylguanosine-P3-adenosine-5′,5′-triphosphate (m7GpppA)] were determined at 2.0Å resolution (where 1Å = 0.1nm). The flexibility of the C-terminal loop region of eIF4E complexed with m7GTP was significantly reduced when complexed with m7GpppA, suggesting the importance of the second nucleotide in the mRNA cap structure for the biological function of eIF4E, especially the fixation and orientation of the C-terminal loop region, including the eIF4E phosphorylation residue. The present results provide the structural basis for the biological function of both N- and C-terminal mobile regions of eIF4E in translation initiation, especially the regulatory function through the switch-on/off of eIF4E-binding protein—eIF4E phosphorylation.
Unexpected Enzymatic Fucosylation of the Hindered Tertiary Alcohol of 3-C-Methyl-N-Acetyllactosamine Produces a Novel Analogue of the LeX-Trisaccharide (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTUnexpected Enzymatic Fucosylation of the Hindered Tertiary Alcohol of 3-C-Methyl-N-Acetyllactosamine Produces a Novel Analogue of the LeX-TrisaccharideXiangping Qian, Ole Hindsgaul, Hong Li, and Monica M. PalcicView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9, 2184–2185Publication Date (Web):February 20, 1998Publication History Received25 September 1997Published online20 February 1998Published inissue 1 March 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja973361whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja973361wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Alkyls,Carbohydrates,Oligosaccharides,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
LFA-1 Is a Key Determinant for Preferential Infection of Memory CD4+T Cells by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2005)

Memory CD4+ T cells are considered a stable latent reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and a barrier to eradication of this retroviral infection in patients under therapy. It has been shown that memory CD4+ T cells are preferentially infected with HIV-1, but the exact mechanism(s) responsible for this higher susceptibility remains obscure. Previous findings indicate that incorporation of host-derived intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in HIV-1 increases virus infectivity. To measure the putative involvement of virus-anchored ICAM-1 in the preferential infection of memory cells by HIV-1, quiescent and activated naive and memory T-cell subsets were exposed to isogenic virions either lacking or bearing ICAM-1. Memory CD4+ T cells were found to be more susceptible than naive CD4+ T cells to infection with ICAM-1-bearing virions, as exemplified by a more important virus replication, an increase in integrated viral DNA copies, and a more efficient entry process. Interactions between virus-associated host ICAM-1 and cell surface LFA-1 under a cluster formation seem to be responsible for the preferential HIV-1 infection of the memory cell subset. Altogether, these data shed light on a potential mechanism by which HIV-1 preferentially targets long-lived memory CD4+ T cells.
Successful hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and apheresis collection using plerixafor alone in sickle cell patients (2018)

Novel therapies for sickle cell disease (SCD) based on genetically engineered autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are critically dependent on a safe and effective strategy for cell procurement. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of plerixafor when used in transfused patients with SCD for HSC mobilization. Six adult patients with SCD were recruited to receive a single dose of plerixafor, tested at lower than standard (180 µg/kg) and standard (240 µg/kg) doses, followed by CD34<sup>+</sup> cell monitoring in peripheral blood and apheresis collection. The procedures were safe and well-tolerated. Mobilization was successful, with higher peripheral CD34<sup>+</sup> cell counts in the standard vs the low-dose group. Among our 6 donors, we improved apheresis cell collection results by using a deep collection interface and starting apheresis within 4 hours after plerixafor administration. In the subjects who received a single standard dose of plerixafor and followed the optimized collection protocol, yields of up to 24.5 × 10<sup>6</sup> CD34<sup>+</sup> cells/kg were achieved. Interestingly, the collected CD34<sup>+</sup> cells were enriched in immunophenotypically defined long-term HSCs and early progenitors. Thus, we demonstrate that plerixafor can be employed safely in patients with SCD to obtain sufficient HSCs for potential use in gene therapy.
Heavy chain binding protein recognizes incompletely disulfide-bonded forms of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. (1990)

To investigate the function of heavy chain binding protein (BiP, GRP 78) in the endoplasmic reticulum, we have characterized its interaction with a model plasma membrane glycoprotein, the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus. We used a panel of well characterized mutant G proteins and immunoprecipitation with anti-BiP antibodies to determine if BiP interacted with newly synthesized G protein and/or mutant G proteins retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. We made three major observations: 1) BiP bound transiently to folding intermediates of wild-type G protein which were incompletely disulfide-bonded; 2) BiP did not bind stably to all mutant G proteins which remain in the endoplasmic reticulum; and 3) BiP bound stably only to mutant G proteins which do not form correct intrachain disulfide bonds.
The α1.α2 Network of Collagen IV (2004)

Collagen IV networks are present in all metazoa and underlie epithelia as a component of basement membranes. The networks are essential for tissue function and are defective in disease. They are assembled by the oligomerization of triple-helical protomers that are linked end-to-end. At the C terminus, two protomers are linked head-to-head by interactions of their trimeric noncollagenous domains, forming a hexamer structure. This linkage in the alpha1.alpha2 network is stabilized by a putative covalent Met-Lys cross-link between the trimer-trimer interface (Than, M. E., Henrich, S., Huber, R., Ries, A., Mann, K., Kuhn, K., Timpl, R., Bourenkov, G. P., Bartunik, H. D., and Bode, W. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99, 6607-6612) forming a nonreducible dimer that connects the hexamer. In the present study, this cross-link was further investigated by: (a) comparing the 1.5-A resolution crystal structures of the alpha1.alpha2 hexamers from bovine placenta and lens capsule basement membranes, (b) mass spectrometric analysis of monomer and nonreducible dimer subunits of placenta basement membrane hexamers, and (c) hexamer dissociation/re-association studies. The findings rule out the novel Met-Lys cross-link, as well as other covalent cross-links, but establish that the nonreducible dimer is an inherent structural feature of a subpopulation of hexamers. The dimers reflect the reinforced stabilization, by noncovalent forces, of the connection between two adjoining protomers of a network. The reinforcement extends to other types of collagen IV networks, and it underlies the cryptic nature of a B-cell epitope of the alpha3.alpha4.alpha5 hexamer, implicating the stabilization event in the etiology and pathogenesis of Goodpasture autoimmune disease.
Fibroblast-dependent induction of a murine skin lesion with similarity to human common blue nevus. (1996)

In an attempt to define epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in skin appendage formation, we have been studying a nude mouse grafting model that permits the combination of heterotypic and heterochronic epithelial and mesenchymal cells. In this study using neonatal hair bud cells combined with various mesenchymal cell preparations, we show that one can regenerate near-complete skin with intact epidermal and dermal layers plus mature hair follicles. It was determined that the character of the resulting regenerated skin could be manipulated as a function of the specific mesenchymal component. Lack of dermal cells resulted in a scar, whereas inclusion of a suspension of dissociated total dermal cells resulted in near-complete skin regeneration, and in the presence of follicular papilla fibroblasts (both hair-inductive and non-hair-inductive) or NIH3T3 fibroblasts, the reconstitution had similarity to the common blue nevus. The results indicate that 1) a stimulant of human common blue nevus can be produced in an animal model, 2) the underlying disorder of the lesion in mice appears to be entirely dermal in origin, arising independent of the epidermal component, and 3) complex dermal cell interactions involving lesion-initiative and lesion-suppressive activities underlie the pathogenesis. This experimental system will serve as a valuable tool in elucidating cutaneous dermal-epidermal signals in normal skin as well as the alteration of these signals in malformations such as the hamartoma described here.
Evaluating scheduling algorithms for traffic with heterogeneous performance objectives (2002)

Two types of network traffic are considered: traffic with deadlines, for which the most important performance objective is based on loss rate and packets without deadlines, for which the most important performance objective is based on mean delay. An optional scheduling algorithm is presented to minimize weighted loss rate and weighted mean delay in the queues that form at the switches and at the network access points of a packet-switched network where weights reflect the relative importance of packets. The algorithm is intended as a standard for the comparison of the performance of other scheduling algorithms. The algorithm is more general and lower computational complexity than previously published algorithms, enabling performance evaluation of some important scenarios that could not previously have been considered. Using the optimal performance results of this algorithm, the performance of the first-come-first-served, static priority, and earliest deadline first scheduling algorithms is evaluated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Beyond Moore's Law: the interconnect era (2003)

Reversing early limitations on Moore's low, interconnectors have replaced transistors as the main determinants of chip performance. This "tyranny of interconnectors" will only escalate in the future, and thus the nanoelectronics that follow silicon must be interconnect-centric. This new technology will likely use "transistors" that approach, if not surpass, the 0.1 ps latency of 10 nm generation silicon transistors. Consequently, if we optimistically assume that the interconnects of this post-Moore's Law nanotechnology will be superconductive, their latency will exceed that of the transistors for interconnect lengths greater than 30 μm, while long, on-chip interconnect lengths will be 1,000 times greater at 30 mm. Consequently, mainstream electronics will have an interconnect era beyond Moore's law.
Treatment of rheumatoid synovitis with anti-reshaping human interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody: Use of rheumatoid arthritis tissue implants in the SCID mouse model (1998)

The SCID-HuRAg mouse is a useful model for evaluating the effectiveness of antirheumatic drugs. Anti-rsHuIL-6R mAb may have an antiinflammatory effect on RA synovitis and an inhibitory effect on osteoclasts.
Improving Branch Prediction and Predicated Execution in Out-of-Order Processors (2007)

If-conversion is a compiler technique that reduces the misprediction penalties caused by hard-to-predict branches, transforming control dependencies into data dependencies. Although it is globally beneficial, it has a negative side-effect because the removal of branches eliminates useful correlation information necessary for conventional branch predictors. The remaining branches may become harder to predict. However, in predicated ISAs with a compare-branch model, the correlation information not only resides in branches, but also in compare instructions that compute their guarding predicates. When a branch is removed, its correlation information is still available in its compare instruction. We propose a branch prediction scheme based on predicate prediction. It has three advantages: First, since the prediction is not done on a branch basis but on a predicate define basis, branch removal after if-conversion does not lose any correlation information, so accuracy is not degraded. Second, the mechanism we propose permits using the computed value of the branch predicate when available, instead of the predicted value, thus effectively achieving 100% accuracy on such early-resolved branches. Third, as shown in previous work, the selective predicate prediction is a very effective technique to implement if-conversion on out-of-order processors, since it avoids the problem of multiple register definitions and reduces the unnecessary resource consumption of nullified instructions. Hence, our approach enables a very efficient implementation of if-conversion for an out-of-order processor, with almost no additional hardware cost, because the same hardware is used to predict the predicates of if-converted code and to predict branches without accuracy degradation
Generation and characterization of new monoclonal antibodies targeting the PHF1 and AT8 epitopes on human tau (2017)

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, defined by the presence of brain pathological inclusions comprised of abnormally aggregated and highly phosphorylated tau protein. The abundance of brain tau aggregates correlates with disease severity and select phospho-tau epitopes increase at early stages of disease. We generated and characterized a series of novel monoclonal antibodies directed to tau phosphorylated at several of these phospho-epitopes, including Ser396/Ser404, Ser404 and Thr205. We also generated phosphorylation independent antibodies against amino acid residues 193-211. We show that most of these antibodies are highly specific for tau and strongly recognize pathological inclusions in human brains and in a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy. They also reveal epitope-specific differences in the biochemical properties of Alzheimer's disease sarkosyl-insoluble tau. These new reagents will be useful for investigating the progression of tau pathology and further as tools to target the cellular transmission of tau pathology.
Molecular cloning and functional expression ofO‐methyltransferases common to isoquinoline alkaloid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (1999)

In cell suspension cultures of the meadow rue Thalictrum tuberosum, biosynthesis of the anti-microbial alkaloid berberine can be induced by addition of methyl jasmonate to the culture medium. The activities of the four methyltransferases involved in the formation of berberine from L-tyrosine are increased in response to elicitor addition. Partial clones generated by RT-PCR with methyltransferase-specific primers were used as hybridization probes to isolate four cDNAs encoding O-methyltransferases from a cDNA library prepared from poly(A)+ RNA isolated from methyl jasmonate-induced cell suspension cultures of T. tuberosum. RNA gel blot hybridization indicated that the transcripts for the methyltransferases accumulated in response to addition of methyl jasmonate to the cell culture medium. The cDNAs were functionally expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells and were shown to have varying and broad substrate specificities. A difference of a single amino acid residue between two of the enzymes was sufficient to alter the substrate specificity. The four cDNAs were expressed either as four homodimers or as six heterodimers by co-infection with all possible combinations of the four recombinant baculoviruses. These 10 isoforms thus produced displayed distinct substrate specificities and in some cases co-infection with two different recombinant baculoviruses led to the O-methylation of new substrates. The substrates that were O-methylated varied in structural complexity from simple catechols to phenylpropanoids, tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline, protoberberine and tetrahydrophenethylisoquinoline alkaloids, suggesting that some biosynthetic enzymes may be common to both phenylpropanoid and alkaloid anabolism.