gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An adaptive location management strategy for mobile IP (1995)

Mobile intemetworking revolves around the premise that a mobile host (MH) will frequently attach to and detach from the Intemet, thus changing its addressfrequently.Location management in mobile intemetworking refers to the process of keeping track of the current addresses of MHs in the Intemet.Protocols proposedfor mobile intemetworking rely on a combination of searchesand updates for location management.Adrawback of these protocols is that they are not uniformly efficient over all possible call-to-mobility ratios (i.e., the relative frequency of searchesascompared to up- dates).Unimportant issue, therefore, ishowthe overall costs of location management can be reduced, regardless of the call-to-mobility ratio.The aim of this work is to explore a new and practical scheme for location management, with emphasis on network cost reduction.We makethe keyobservation thatwhile thepotential setof sources forthe MHmaybelmge, tiesetofsources thatagiven MH communicates most frequently with is very small.Based on this, we develop the concept of a working set o~hosts for the MH (similar to the working set concept in operating systems).An adaptive scheme of location management is proposed, that enables an MH to dynamically determine its working set, and trade-off routing and update costs in order to reduce the total cost.Comparative analysis of the proposed scheme, using simulation, shows its efficiency over a wide range of call-to-mobility ratios.
Glioblastoma: From Molecular Pathology to Targeted Treatment (2011)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Genomic analyses are defining the molecular architecture of GBM, uncovering relevant subsets of patients whose disease may require different treatments. Many pharmacological targets have been revealed, promising to transform patient care through targeted therapies. However, for most patients, clinical responses to targeted inhibitors are either not apparent or not durable. In this review, we address the challenge of developing more effective, molecularly guided approaches for the treatment of GBM patients. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding molecular classifiers and examine their benefit for stratifying patients for treatment. We survey the molecular landscape of the disease, discussing the challenges raised by acquired drug resistance. Furthermore, we analyze the biochemical features of GBM, suggesting a next generation of drug targets, and we examine the contribution of tumor heterogeneity and its implications. We conclude with an analysis of the experimental approaches and their potential benefit to patients.
Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Packaging Signal, Transgene Orientation, Promoters, Polyadenylation Signals, and E3 Region on Growth Properties of First-Generation Adenoviruses (2003)

First-generation adenovectors have been developed for gene therapy and vaccine applications. The construction of these adenovectors has entailed the use of numerous types of expression cassettes. It has long been known that first-generation adenovectors can be rescued more easily and to higher titers with some transgenes than with others. This study has systematically shown that there can be marked differences in growth properties of recombinant adenovectors attributable to the use of promoters, the orientation of the transgene within the E1A/E1B-deleted region, and the inclusion of the E3 region. In addition, we had demonstrated the benefit of extending the packaging signal region to include elements V, VI, and VII. The effects of the complete packaging region were studied by plasmid competition studies between original and modified adenovectors. Similar competition studies between E3(+) and E3(-) adenovectors were performed and showed that the E3(+) vector had a growth advantage over its E3(-) counterpart. By making various changes, we have enhanced the growth capacity of our recombinant adenovector by more than 3-fold under serum-free and cell suspension growth conditions. Along with this enhanced growth, our adenovectors have maintained their genetic stability after 21 successive passages in cell culture. This increased robustness will be critical when adapting first-generation recombinant adenovectors to commercial production.
The Atopic March: Progression from Atopic Dermatitis to Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma (2011)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by pruritic skin lesions. The pathogenesis of AD may include disrupted epidermal barrier function, immunodysregulation, and IgE-mediated sensitization to food and environmental allergens. AD is also part of a process called the atopic march, a progression from AD to allergic rhinitis and asthma. This has been supported by multiple cross-sectional and longitudinal studies and experimental data. Research on the mechanisms of AD has been centered on the adaptive immune system with an emphasis on the T-helper 1 (Th1)-Th2 paradigm. Recently, the conceptual focus has largely shifted to include a primary defect in the epithelial barrier as an initial event in AD providing a significant insight into the disease initiation and pointing to a complex secondary interplay of environmental and immunological sequelae with barrier disruption. Further understanding of AD will help the development of more effective treatment for AD and ultimately, preventative algorithms for the atopic march. In this review we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and the atopic march.
A two stage hybrid embedded speech/audio coding structure (2002)

A two stage hybrid embedded speech/audio coding structure is proposed. The structure uses a speech coder as a core to provide the minimal bitrate and an acceptable performance on speech inputs. The second stage is a transform coder using a modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) and perceptual coding principles. This stage is itself embedded both in complexity and bitrate, and provides various levels of enhancement of the core output, particularly for general audio signals like music. Informal A-B comparison tests show that the performance of the structure at 16 kb/s is between that of the GSM enhanced full rate coder at 12.2 kb/s, and the G.728 LD-CELP coder at 16 kb/s.
Robust container code recognition system (2004)

Manually identification, typically employed when containers enter and exist the port, is inefficient, insufficient and may cause a threat to security. An image-based automatic container code recognition system is introduced that is robust to varying light and shadows. Filtered with both gray gradient information and the characteristics of container codes, the code lines can be properly located. The feature-based Local Intensity Gradient (LIG) and adaptive multi-threshold methods are combined to segment the codes from background with high performance. Using the features of both the contour profiles and points, some damaged codes can be recognized and the correct rate is improved. This system is simple and valid, and gets satisfying result in experiments. Finally, it gives some amendment suggestion.
Rat pancreatic kallikrein mRNA: nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of the encoded preproenzyme. (1982)

We have cloned via recombinant DNA technology the mRNA sequence for rat pancreatic preprokallikrein. Four cloned overlapping double-stranded cDNAs gave a continuous mRNA sequence of 867 nucleotides beginning within the 5'-noncoding region and extending to the poly(A) tail. The mRNA sequence reveals that pancreatic kallikrein is synthesized as a prezymogen of 265 amino acids, including a proposed secretory prepeptide of 17 amino acids and a proposed activation peptide of 11 amino acids. The activation peptide, although similar in length, is distinct from those of the other classes of pancreatic serine proteases. The amino acid sequence of the predicted active form of the enzyme is closely related to the partial sequences obtained for other kallikrein-like serine proteases including rat submaxillary gland kallikrein, pig pancreatic and submaxillary gland kallikreins, the gamma subunit of mouse nerve growth factor, and rat tonin. Key amino acid residues thought to be involved in the substrate-cleavage specificity of kallikreins are retained. Hybridization analysis showed relatively high levels of kallikrein mRNA in the rat pancreas, submaxillary and parotid glands, spleen, and kidney, indicating the active synthesis of kallikrein in these tissues.
The tripeptide feG reduces endotoxin‐provoked perturbation of intestinal motility and inflammation (2001)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal endotoxaemia perturbs motility and causes activation and influx of inflammatory cells into the muscle tissue. Because rat submandibular gland peptide T (SGP-T; Thr-Asp-Ile-Phe-Glu-Gly-Gly), its carboxyl-terminal fragment tripeptide, FEG (Phe-Glu-Gly) and its D-isomeric analogue, feG, modulate intestinal anaphylactic reactions, we examined whether these peptides also modulate LPS-induced intestinal endotoxaemia in conscious rats. The disruption of the fasting pattern of intestinal MMCs (migrating motor complexes), induced by intravenous LPS (20 microg kg-1) injection, was prevented by all three peptides. The extravasation of leucocytes into the peritoneal cavity and increased expression of the activation marker CD18 on mesenteric tissue leucocytes (18 h after intraperitoneal injection of LPS) were reduced by orally administered feG, which also significantly decreased the number of intestinal tissue leucocytes expressing the integrin CD18. We conclude that feG attenuates both the immediate (intestinal motility) and late ( approximately 18 h) inflammatory reactions provoked by endotoxaemia.
Tri- and hexavalent mannoside clusters as potential inhibitors of type 1 fimbriated bacteria using pentaerythritol and triazole linkages (2006)

Several oligomannoside clusters having a hundred-fold increase in affinities toward E. coli were synthesized by Cu(I)-catalyzed [1,3]-dipolar cycloadditions using pentaerythritol scaffolds bearing either alkyne or azide functionalities.
SPEED CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR AN AUTOMATED DRIVING VEHICLE (1994)

In this paper, the authors first model the deceleration behavior of a driver who is required to stop in front of an obstacle. The stoppage model is then extended to moving obstacles and applied to car- following situations. Using this extended model, the authors develop a speed control algorithm which can handle a variety of driving situations as part of an automatic driving system.
Anti‐tumor activity of mycophenolate mofetil against human and mouse tumors in vivo (1994)

Cultured tumor cell lines, tumor xenografts grown in athymic nude mice, and a murine experimental metastasis model were used to assess the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of the potent IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor, mycophenolic acid (MPA), and its morpholinoethyl ester pro-drug, mycophenolate mofetil (MM). The growth of all the cell lines tested was inhibited by MPA in vitro, with EC50 values ranging from less than 0.1 microM to 3.9 microM. Mice were monitored for s.c. tumor outgrowth in the case of human tumor xenograft models or survival time for the murine experimental metastasis model. Treatment with MM p.o. was started 24 hr after tumor challenge or after tumors became palpable. Treatment of athymic nude mice bearing A3.01 (T-lymphoblast), Molt-4 (T-cell leukemia), CaPan-2 (pancreatic adenocarcinoma), CaLu-3 (non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma), LS174T and T84 (colon adenocarcinoma), and Daudi (B-cell lymphoma) human tumor xenografts with MM significantly inhibited s.c. tumor growth. Treatment of BALB/c mice with MM after i.v. injection of murine RAW117-H10 lymphoma cells in an experimental metastasis assay resulted in increased survival time for treated animals. No significant inhibitory effect on s.c. tumor outgrowth was seen with MM treatment of SK-Hep-1, a human hepatic endothelioma, or Hep-3B, a liver adenocarcinoma, at any of the doses tested.
The Higher Fullerenes: Isolation and Characterization of C 76 , C 84 , C 90 , C 94 , and C 70 O, an Oxide of D 5h -C 70 (1991)

The toluene extract of the fluffy carbon material produced by resistive heating of graphite contains a variety of molecules larger than C(60) and C(70) in a total amount of 3 to 4% by weight. Repeated chromatography of this material on neutral alumina has led to the isolation of stable solid samples of C(76), C(84), C(90), and C(94). The characterization, which includes mass spectrometry, (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, electronic absorption (ultraviolet/visible) and vibrational (infrared) spectroscopy identifies these all-carbon molecules as higher fullerenes. In addition, C(70)O, a stable oxide, has been isolated that is structurally and electronically closely related to D5h-C(70). This compound forms during the resistive heating process and probably has an oxygen atom inserted between two carbon atoms on the convex external surface of the C(70) skeleton.
A 130 nm generation logic technology featuring 70 nm transistors, dual Vt transistors and 6 layers of Cu interconnects (2002)

A leading edge 130 nm generation logic technology with 6 layers of dual damascene Cu interconnects is reported. Dual Vt transistors are employed with 1.5 nm thick gate oxide and operating at 1.3 V. High Vt transistors have drive currents of 1.03 mA//spl mu/m and 0.5 mA//spl mu/m for NMOS and PMOS respectively, while low Vt transistors have currents of 1.17 mA//spl mu/m and 0.6 mA//spl mu/m respectively. Technology design rules allow a 6-T SRAM cell with an area of 2.45 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, while array specific design rule give the densest SRAM reported to date, the 6-T cell has an area of only 2.09 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. Excellent yield and performance is demonstrated on a 18 Mbit CMOS SRAM.
CD10 is useful in demonstrating endometrial stroma at ectopic sites and in confirming a diagnosis of endometriosis (2002)

CD10 immunoreactivity is largely maintained in endometrial stromal cells located outside the uterus. Immunohistochemical staining with CD10 may be of value in confirming a diagnosis of endometriosis when there is morphological doubt.
The Role of Cytochrome c-550 as Studied through Reverse Genetics and Mutant Characterization in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (1995)

The gene coding for cytochrome c-550 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was cloned based on the N-terminal sequence of the mature polypeptide. Using the most probable translation start codon, the gene is expected to code for 160 amino acid residues. This includes a cleavable N-terminal leader sequence of 25 residues. This leader sequence has an Arg-Asn-Arg sequence immediately before the cleavage site; this is characteristic for transit peptides in prokaryotes. Comparison of this sequence with the leader sequence of the photosystem II-associated extrinsic 33-kDa protein from the same cyanobacterium showed an identity of 13 out of 25 residues. These results suggest that after synthesis of the apoprotein, cytochrome c-550 is transported into the thylakoid lumen. Using the cloned gene, insertion and deletion mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 were constructed. In the absence of cytochrome c-550, both mutants were capable of photoautotrophic growth but at a significantly reduced rate. Atrazine bindng and Western blot analysis showed that these mutants on a per-chlorophyll basis contained 53-67% of the amount of photosystem II as compared with wild type. The photosystem II-specific oxygen-evolving activity at saturating light intensity was reduced to about 40% of that in the wild type strain. Taken together, these results indicate that the cytochrome c-550 is transported into the thylakoid lumen and contributes to optimal functional stability of photosystem II in cyanobacteria. This supports our biochemical evidence that cytochrome c-550 is associated with the lumenal side of photosystem II as one of the extrinsic proteins enhancing oxygen evolution (Shen, J.-R., Ikeuchi, M., and Inoue, Y. (1992) FEBS Lett. 301, 145-149; Shen, J.-R., and Inoue, Y. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 1825-1832). Based on these results, the gene for cytochrome c-550 was named psbV. The possible evolutionary relationship among extrinsic proteins of the photosystem II donor side is discussed.
Genetically Modified T Cells for the Treatment of Malignant Disease (2013)

The broaden application of adoptive T-cell transfer has been constrained by the technical abilities to isolate and expand antigen-specific T cells potent to selectively kill tumor cells. With the recent progress in the design and manufacturing of cellular products, T cells used in the treatment of malignant diseases may be regarded as anticancer biopharmaceuticals. Genetical manipulation of T cells has given T cells desired specificity but also enable to tailor their activation and proliferation potential. Here, we summarize the recent developments in genetic engineering of T-cell-based biopharmaceuticals, covering criteria for their clinical application in regard to safety and efficacy.
Super‐high‐efficiency multi‐junction solar cells (2005)

Abstract The status of Japanese development of super‐high‐efficiency In 0.49 Ga 0.51 P/In 0.01 GaAs/Ge multi‐junction solar cells is reviewed. Key issues for a successful cell design are discussed, together with the technologies that have led to efficiency values of 29.1% AM0 and &gt;36% under concentrated 400×AM1.5 illumination. The radiation resistance of the multi‐junction solar cell is discussed, showing the degradation in performance for the InGaP, InGaAs and Ge junctions. Finally, some perspectives for further multi‐junction cell development and alternative approaches to high efficiency are outlined. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The effect of promethazine on postoperative pain: a comparison of preoperative, postoperative, and placebo administration in patients following total abdominal hysterectomy (2004)

Our results suggest that preoperative administration of promethazine 0.1 mg kg(-1) reduces postoperative morphine consumption compared with postoperative and placebo administration, and that use of promethazine reduces PONV and the number of patients asking for rescue antiemetic in the first 24 h after surgery when compared with placebo.
Enzymatic regioselective alkoxycarbonylation of hexoses and pentoses with carbonate oxime esters (1993)

Hexoses and pentoses have been alkoxycarbonylated with different preparations of Candida antarctica lipase, using acetone O-(alkoxycarbonyl)oximes. A wide variety of alkoxycarbonyl groups are introduced in an easy manner at the primary hydroxy group of several pentoses and hexoses. Of especial importance are the introduction of allyloxy- and benzyloxy-carbonyl groups.
Cleavage-dependent Ligation by the FLP Recombinase (1995)

The FLP recombinase of the 2 microM plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae belongs to the integrase family of recombinases whose members have in common four absolutely conserved residues (Arg-191, His-305, Arg-308, and Tyr-343). We have studied the mutant protein FLP R308K in which the arginine residue at position 308 has been replaced by lysine. Although FLP R308K was previously reported to be defective in ligation of certain substrates (Pan, G., Luetke, K., and Sadowski, P.D., Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 3167-3175, 1993b), we show in this work that the protein is able to ligate those substrates that it can cleave (cleavage-dependent ligation activity). FLP R308K is defective in in vitro recombination and in strand exchange. It is able to carry out strand exchange at one of the two cleavage sites of the FLP recognition target site (FRT site), but is defective in strand exchange at the other cleavage site. These results are consistent with a model in which wild-type FLP initiates recombination only at one of the two cleavage sites. FLP R308K may be defective in the initiation of recombination.
The rpoD gene functions as a multicopy suppressor for mutations in the chaperones, CbpA, DnaJ and DnaK, in Escherichia coli (1996)

The CbpA protein is an analog of the DnaJ molecular chaperone of Escherichiu coli. The &I./-cbpAdouble-null mutant exhibits severe defects in cell growth, namely, a very narrow temperature range for growth. To gain insight into the functions of CbpA as well as DnaJ, we isolated a multicopy suppressor gene that permits this &XL-cbpA _ mutant to grow normally at low temperatures. The suppressor gene was identified as rpoD, the gene that encodes the major o". The biological implications of this finding are examined and discussed.
Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors (2016)

We found recurrent amplification of either MET or ERBB2 in tumors that were resistant or developed resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and show that ERBB2 and MET activation can confer resistance to these compounds. Furthermore, we identified a KRAS<sup>G12S</sup> mutation in a patient with acquired resistance to AZD9291 as a potential driver of acquired resistance. Finally, we show that dual inhibition of EGFR/MEK might be a viable strategy to overcome resistance in EGFR-mutant cells expressing mutant KRAS CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance can drive primary and acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and provide a rationale for potential combination strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4837-47. ©2016 AACR.
CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme. (1994)

We have cloned a novel apoptotic gene from human Jurkat T-lymphocytes. The new gene encodes a 32-kDa putative cysteine protease (CPP32) with significant homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3, mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme (ICE), and the product of the mouse nedd2 gene. The CPP32 transcript is highly expressed and most abundant in cell lines of lymphocytic origin. Overexpression of CPP32 or ICE in Sf9 insect cells resulted in apoptosis. In addition, coexpression of recombinant p20 and p11 derived from the parental full-length CPP32 sequence resulted in apoptosis in Sf9 cells. Our data suggest that similar to ICE, CPP32 is made of two subunits, p20 and p11, which form the active CPP32 complex. The apoptotic activity of CPP32 and its high expression in lymphocytes suggest that CPP32 is an important mediator of apoptosis in the immune system.