gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering of recombinant soluble CD46: an inhibitor of complement activation. (1996)

Human CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) is a type 1 glycoprotein that functions to protect autologous cells from complement-mediated damage by binding C3b and C4b for their factor I-mediated cleavage. We now describe the production and function of recombinant soluble CD46 (rsCD46), which was produced as a truncated form by mutagenesis using the splice overlap extension polymerase chain reaction, by inserting a translational stop codon into the CD46 cDNA at the junction of the transmembrane and extracellular domains. After transfection of an expression construct into 293-EBNA (Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen)-transformed cells, secretion of rsCD46 protein was detected by immunoradiometric assay using monoclonal antibodies. Following a single-step immunoaffinity purification, the protein resolved as a single band of approximately 56,000 MW on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purified rsCD46 (51 micrograms/ml) protected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells from lysis initiated by a high titre rabbit anti-CHO antibody and complement from rabbit or human. The protection was specifically mediated by rsCD46 because the monoclonal antibody M177, which blocks interaction between CD46 and C3b/C4b, abrogated the protection. The results demonstrate that rsCD46 is effective as a fluid-phase regulator of complement activation on cell surfaces, even when initiated by the classical complement pathway. The in vivo efficacy of rsCD46 was investigated using a mouse heart to rat xenograft model. Administration of a bolus injection of rsCD46 was effective at delaying hyperacute graft rejection. These data suggest that rsCD46 may have a role as a therapeutic agent.
5G-Enabled Tactile Internet (2016)

The long-term ambition of the Tactile Internet is to enable a democratization of skill, and how it is being delivered globally. An integral part of this is to be able to transmit touch in perceived real-time, which is enabled by suitable robotics and haptics equipment at the edges, along with an unprecedented communications network. The fifth generation (5G) mobile communications systems will underpin this emerging Internet at the wireless edge. This paper presents the most important technology concepts, which lay at the intersection of the larger Tactile Internet and the emerging 5G systems. The paper outlines the key technical requirements and architectural approaches for the Tactile Internet, pertaining to wireless access protocols, radio resource management aspects, next generation core networking capabilities, edge-cloud, and edge-AI capabilities. The paper also highlights the economic impact of the Tactile Internet as well as a major shift in business models for the traditional telecommunications ecosystem.
The perimenopausal hot flash: epidemiology, physiology, and treatment. (1997)

The "hot flash" (HF), or vasomotor instability, is experienced by 75% of perimenopausal and menopausal women in the United States. The experience for some women is a minor annoyance but for others, the HF is an intensely unpleasant sensation that is disruptive to their lives. The HF is thought to be triggered by a number of external and internal stimuli such as anxiety, stress, ambient high temperatures, caffeine, and alcohol. The thinner woman tends to experience more severe and frequent HFs than the woman with more adipose tissue, probably because of the ability of adipose tissue to transform androstenedione to estrone and estradiol. Smoking history also tends to be associated with the experience of HFs at an earlier age. The etiology of HFs in the decreasing estrogen state is related to the downward resetting of the hypothalamic thermoregulating mechanism, probably by the action of norepinephrine, which is usually modulated by estrogen. The body attempts to dissipate unwanted body heat by vasodilation, thus causing the sensation of the HF. The most successful treatment modalities have been hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone. Alpha 2-adrenergic blockers have also shown some limited effectiveness. Many alternative therapies such as vitamin E, primrose oil, dong quai, and black cohash have anecdotal support but have not been thoroughly studied. Relaxation, exercise, avoidance of triggering factors, and control of external environment have all been utilized with some success by women.
The Blockchain as a Software Connector (2016)

Blockchain is an emerging technology for decentralized and transactional data sharing across a large network of untrusted participants. It enables new forms of distributed software architectures, where components can find agreements on their shared states without trusting a central integration point or any particular participating components. Considering the blockchain as a software connector helps make explicitly important architectural considerations on the resulting performance and quality attributes (for example, security, privacy, scalability and sustainability) of the system. Based on our experience in several projects using blockchain, in this paper we provide rationales to support the architectural decision on whether to employ a decentralized blockchain as opposed to other software solutions, like traditional shared data storage. Additionally, we explore specific implications of using the blockchain as a software connector including design trade-offs regarding quality attributes.
The total synthesis of nannochelin: a novel cinnamoyl hydroxamate-containing siderophore (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe total synthesis of nannochelin: a novel cinnamoyl hydroxamate-containing siderophoreRaymond J. Bergeron and Otto Phanstiel IVCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 26, 7140–7143Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00052a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00052a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views449Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mucosal injury and disruption of intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected individuals with and without diarrhea and cryptosporidiosis in northeast Brazil. (1997)

HIV infection is associated with intestinal dysfunction and injury, even in patients who do not have diarrhea. However, those with diarrhea, especially with cryptosporidiosis or microsporidiosis, have even greater disruption of intestinal barrier function with potentially important nutritional consequences.
Antifouling coatings for dental implants: Polyethylene glycol-like coatings on titanium by plasma polymerization (2015)

Titanium dental implants are commonly used for the replacement of lost teeth, but they present a considerable number of failures due to the infection on surrounding tissues. The aim of this paper is the development of a polyethylene glycol-like (PEG-like) coating on the titanium surface by plasma polymerization to obtain a novel improved surface with suitable low bacterial adhesion and adequate cell response. Surface analysis data of these coatings are presented, in particular, water contact angle, surface roughness, and film chemistry, demonstrating the presence of a PEG-like coating. Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus salivarius bacterial adhesion assays showed a decreased adhesion on the plasma polymerized samples, while cell adhesion of fibroblasts and osteoblasts on the treated surfaces was similar to control surfaces. Thus, the PEG-like antifouling coating obtained by plasma polymerization on Ti confers this biomaterial's highly suitable properties for dental applications, as they reduce the possibility of infection while allowing the tissue integration around the implant.
The role of ICAM-1 on T-cells in the pathogenesis of asthma (1998)

The capacity of inflammatory cells to adhere is critical to inflammatory responses and involves an array of adhesion molecules grouped into distinct families. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 has recently attracted much interest in view of increasing evidence that it plays a prominent role in allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis. Apart from its role in adhesion of inflammatory cells to vascular endothelium, the extracellular matrix and epithelium, ICAM-1 mediates T-cell/T-cell, T-cell/target cell and T-cell/B-cell interactions. ICAM-1 on the surface of T-cells is thought to participate in signal transduction and may thus modulate several functions including activation, proliferation, cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Because ICAM-1 is the receptor for the major group of rhinoviruses, the most important cause of acute asthma attacks, binding of rhinovirus (RV) to ICAM-1 on T-cells may, at least theoretically, modulate their function. We review here the role of ICAM-1 in asthma and focus more specifically on its expression on T-cells. We present evidence for a general increase in ICAM-1 expression in this disease including recent observations of enhanced expression on the surface of T-cells in the airways lumen. Whilst the implications of intercellular adhesion molecule- upregulation in asthma remain to be fully elucidated, its participation in cell trafficking and activation are being considered as a target for treatment. We present here early attempts to interfere with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 as an adhesion molecule involved in cell influx and studies aimed preventing virus-induced exacerbations of asthma in children based on the knowledge that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is the receptor for rhinoviruses.
Bayesian model averaging: development of an improved multi-class, gene selection and classification tool for microarray data (2005)

The source codes and datasets used are available from our Supplementary website.
Cheiradone: a vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor antagonist (2008)

Cheiradone inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis by binding to VEGF receptors -1 and -2 and may be a useful investigative tool to study the specific contribution of VEGF to angiogenesis and may have therapeutic potential.
Long-Lasting Protective Antiviral Immunity Induced by Passive Immunotherapies Requires both Neutralizing and Effector Functions of the Administered Monoclonal Antibody (2010)

Using FrCas(E) retrovirus-infected newborn mice as a model system, we have shown recently that a long-lasting antiviral immune response essential for healthy survival emerges after a short treatment with a neutralizing (667) IgG2a isotype monoclonal antibody (MAb). This suggested that the mobilization of adaptive immunity by administered MAbs is key for the success in the long term for the MAb-based passive immunotherapy of chronic viral infections. We have addressed here whether the anti-FrCas(E) protective endogenous immunity is the mere consequence of viral propagation blunting, which would simply give time to the immune system to react, and/or to actual immunomodulation by the MAb during the treatment. To this aim, we have compared viral replication, disease progression, and antiviral immune responses between different groups of infected mice: (i) mice treated with either the 667 MAb, its F(ab')(2) fragment, or an IgM (672) with epitopic specificity similar to that of 667 but displaying different effector functions, and (ii) mice receiving no treatment but infected with a low viral inoculum reproducing the initial viral expansion observed in their infected/667 MAb-treated counterparts. Our data show that the reduction of FrCas(E) propagation is insufficient on its own to induce protective immunity and support a direct immunomodulatory action of the 667 MAb. Interestingly, they also point to sequential actions of the administered MAb. In a first step, viral propagation is exclusively controlled by 667 neutralizing activity, and in a second one, this action is complemented by FcgammaR-binding-dependent mechanisms, which most likely combine infected cell cytolysis and the modulation of the antiviral endogenous immune response. Such complementary effects of administered MAbs must be taken into consideration for the improvement of future antiviral MAb-based immunotherapies.
Toll-Like Receptor 8 Agonist and Bacteria Trigger Potent Activation of Innate Immune Cells in Human Liver (2014)

The ability of innate immune cells to sense and respond to impending danger varies by anatomical location. The liver is considered tolerogenic but is still capable of mounting a successful immune response to clear various infections. To understand whether hepatic immune cells tune their response to different infectious challenges, we probed mononuclear cells purified from human healthy and diseased livers with distinct pathogen-associated molecules. We discovered that only the TLR8 agonist ssRNA40 selectively activated liver-resident innate immune cells to produce substantial quantities of IFN-γ. We identified CD161(Bright) mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) and CD56(Bright) NK cells as the responding liver-resident innate immune cells. Their activation was not directly induced by the TLR8 agonist but was dependent on IL-12 and IL-18 production by ssRNA40-activated intrahepatic monocytes. Importantly, the ssRNA40-induced cytokine-dependent activation of MAIT cells mirrored responses induced by bacteria, i.e., generating a selective production of high levels of IFN-γ, without the concomitant production of TNF-α or IL-17A. The intrahepatic IFN-γ production could be detected not only in healthy livers, but also in HBV- or HCV-infected livers. In conclusion, the human liver harbors a network of immune cells able to modulate their immunological responses to different pathogen-associated molecules. Their ability to generate a strong production of IFN-γ upon stimulation with TLR8 agonist opens new therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of diverse liver pathologies.
Minimal residual disease by flow cytometry and allelic‐specific oligonucleotide real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in patients with myeloma receiving lenalidomide maintenance: A pooled analysis (2018)

MRD status is a stronger predictor of PFS than standard risk factors, and lenalidomide maintenance further increases the rate of negative MRD results.
Pregnancies following blastocyst stage transfer in PGD cycles at risk for beta-thalassaemic haemoglobinopathies (2002)

Embryo biopsy on day 3, followed by delayed transfer until day 5 p.i. offers a novel and effective strategy to overcome the time limit encountered when performing PGD, without compromising embryo implantation.
CHEMISTRY OF THE NEOMYCINS. IV. ISOLATION OF NEOSAMINES B AND C. STEREOCHEMISTRY OF NEOBIOSAMINE C (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCHEMISTRY OF THE NEOMYCINS. IV. ISOLATION OF NEOSAMINES B AND C. STEREOCHEMISTRY OF NEOBIOSAMINE CKenneth L. Rinehart Jr., Peter W. K. Woo, and Alexander D. ArgoudelisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 23, 6461–6462Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01556a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01556a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adrenal Glucocorticoids Regulate Adipsin Gene Expression in Genetically Obese Mice (1989)

Adipsin expression at the protein and mRNA levels is greatly reduced in several distinct syndromes of obesity in the mouse: genetic obesity due to the db/db and ob/ob genes, and a chemically induced model secondary to neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate. We considered first the possibility that the adipsin gene might be identical to the db or ob locus and the lowered expression of this protein might result from a mutation in this gene. We show here that the adipsin structural gene is located on chromosome 10 and hence is physically distinct from any obesity genes so far identified in the mouse. A major role for the adrenal gland and adrenal glucocorticoids in the aberrant regulation of adipsin in these models of obesity is indicated by several experiments. Adrenalectomy of the ob/ob mouse raises the circulating levels of adipsin protein and the amount of this mRNA in epididymal fat pads (5-fold), although neither is increased to the levels seen in lean controls. Exogenous administration of corticosterone completely blocks the effects of adrenalectomy on adipsin, suggesting that the effect of this endocrine ablation is through reduction of adrenal glucocorticoids. Corticosterone administration also causes suppression in the levels of adipsin mRNA and protein in lean mice, although this decrease is never as severe as that seen in obese mice. The effect of exogenous corticosterone in lean mice occurs within 2 days and hence is not secondary to the obesity which these hormones eventually elicit. These results indicate that glucocorticoids can regulate adipsin expression in vivo and strongly suggest that the hyperglucocorticoid state seen in certain obese models plays a significant role in lowering adipsin mRNA and protein levels. Quantitative analysis of these experiments suggests that other as yet unknown neuroendocrine factors also function to suppress adipsin in obesity.
Coronary artery disease: arterial remodelling and clinical presentation (1999)

In patients selected for PTCA, the mode of remodelling is related to clinical presentation.
A randomized controlled trial comparing intravenous ferric carboxymaltose with oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia of non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients (2010)

We conclude that 1000 mg ferric carboxymaltose can be rapidly administered, is more effective and is better tolerated than oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency in ND-CKD patients.
Identification of two promiscuous T cell epitopes from tetanus toxin (1990)

Tetanus toxoid-specific T cell clones were isolated from a human donor. To determine the T cell epitopes recognized by the clones, 30 peptides representing amphipathic alpha helical regions of the tetanus toxin were screened for ability to induce proliferation of the clones. Two T epitopes were identified. These occurred within peptides 12 and 21, and had the amino acid sequences NSVDDALINSTKIYSYFPSV and PGINGKAIHLVNNESSE, respectively. An unusual feature was that both peptides could be presented to their respective T cell clones by antigen-presenting cells of many HLA specificities. Further investigation of peptide 12 showed that the epitope was only seven amino acids in length and had a very hydrophobic sequence, namely YSYFPSV. The ability of the T cell epitope-containing peptides 12 and 21 to interact with many different HLA alleles means they may potentially be very useful as "universal carrier molecules" in synthetic vaccines.
Fast Phong shading (1986)

Computer image generation systems often represent curved surfaces as a mesh of planar polygons that are shaded to restore a smooth appearance. Phong shading is a well known algorithm for producing a realistic shading but it has not been used by real-time systems because of the 3 additions, 1 division, and 1 square-root required per pixel for its evaluation. We describe a new formulation for Phong shading that reduces the amount of computation per pixel to only 2 additions for simple Lambertian reflection and 5 additions and 1 memory reference for Phong's complete reflection model. We also show how to extend our method to compute the specular component with the eye at a finite distance from the scene rather than at infinity as is usually assumed. The method can be implemented in hardware for real-time applications or in software to speed image generation for almost any system.
<title>Laser mass spectrometry for DNA sequencing, disease diagnosis, and fingerprinting</title> (1997)

Since laser mass spectrometry has the potential for achieving very fast DNA analysis, we recently applied it to DNA sequencing, DNA typing for fingerprinting, and DNA screening for disease diagnosis. Two different approaches for sequencing DNA have been successfully demonstrated. One is to sequence DNA with DNA ladders produced from Sanger's enzymatic method. The other is to do direct sequencing without DNA ladders. The need for quick DNA typing for identification purposes is critical for forensic application. Our preliminary results indicate laser mass spectrometry can possible be used for rapid DNA fingerprinting applications at a much lower cost than gel electrophoresis. Population screening for certain genetic disease can be a very efficient step to reducing medical costs through prevention. Since laser mass spectrometry can provide very fast DNA analysis, we applied laser mass spectrometry to disease diagnosis. Clinical samples with both base deletion and point mutation have been tested with complete success.
A subcutaneous adipose tissue–liver signalling axis controls hepatic gluconeogenesis (2015)

The search for effective treatments for obesity and its comorbidities is of prime importance. We previously identified IKK-ε and TBK1 as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and associated insulin resistance. Here we show that acute inhibition of IKK-ε and TBK1 with amlexanox treatment increases cAMP levels in subcutaneous adipose depots of obese mice, promoting the synthesis and secretion of the cytokine IL-6 from adipocytes and preadipocytes, but not from macrophages. IL-6, in turn, stimulates the phosphorylation of hepatic Stat3 to suppress expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis, in the process improving glucose handling in obese mice. Preliminary data in a small cohort of obese patients show a similar association. These data support an important role for a subcutaneous adipose tissue-liver axis in mediating the acute metabolic benefits of amlexanox on glucose metabolism, and point to a new therapeutic pathway for type 2 diabetes.