gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of plasma in adult active pulmonary tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus (2015)

Abstract : There is a high burden of both diabetes and tuberculosis in China. Althoug both diabetes and tuberculosis have been the objects of intensive study the association between the two diseases is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether thetqualitative and quantitative differences in expression of some protein expression in plasma could be related to active pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes. Using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry we analyzed expression of the proteins associated with active pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes. Results showed that under the baseline condition, the levels of a‐1 antitrypsin precursor, vitamin D‐binding protein precursor, CD5 antigen like precursor, clusterin precursor, apolipoprotein A‐I precursor, haptoglobin and fibrinogen g‐chain differed between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and active pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes. Western blott results confirmed differential expression of clusterin. These results suggest that active pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes may be associated with specific protein expression pattern in plasma. C‐terminal haptoglobin is a possible candidate protein of interest, which might be a link between active pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes. The dynamics of protein expression during disease progression may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of active pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes. Supported by NSFC‐81172662
Single Polymer-drug Conjugate Carrying Two Drugs for Fixed-dose Codelivery (2014)

Fixed-dose combination chemotherapy holds great potential for management of cancer. Thus a drug delivery system which can administer a controlled ratio of several drugs simultaneously and control the drug release at the cancer site is highly desired. In this work, a fixed-dose dual drug loaded polymer micelle is formed by the self-assembly of a single polymer–drug conjugate carrying a combination of drugs. A predetermined ratio of the two drugs can be obtained via a facile and efficient solid-phase synthesis method. MTT assay demonstrated that the polymer micelles are more effective in altering the proliferation rate of MCF-7 tumor cells due to its higher solubility than free drugs. Furthermore, the introduction of the redox-sensitive disulfide linker between the hydrophilic PEG and the hydrophobic drugs facilitates drug release in tumor cellular redox environment and thus enhances the therapeutic effectiveness dramatically.
An efficient method for isolation of murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (2007)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated based on the ability of adherence to plastic surfaces. The potential of these cells to differentiate along multiple lineages is the key to identifying stem cell populations in the absence of molecular markers. Here we describe a homogenous population of MSCs from mouse bone marrow isolated using a relatively straightforward and novel approach. This method is based on the combination of frequent medium change (FMC) and treatment of the primary cultures with trypsin. Cells isolated using this method demonstrated the MSCs characteristics including their ability to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. MSCs retained the differentiation potentials in expanded cultures up to 10 passages. Isolated MSCs were reactive to the CD44, Sca-1, and CD90 cell surface markers. MSCs were negative for the hematopoietic surface markers such as CD34, CD11b, CD45, CD31, CD106, CD117 and CD135. The data presented in this report indicated that this method can result in efficient isolation of homogenous populations of MSCs from mouse bone marrow.
Mucormycotic Osteomyelitis Involving the Maxilla: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature (2019)

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process of bone and marrow contents. These changes in bone are primarily seen in soft tissue followed by calcified tissue. It is an opportunistic infection due to the complication of some other conditions rendering the host susceptible to disease. Consequences of this infection range from draining tract to malignant transformation. Various etiological factors are involved in origin of the disease; among them, fungal origin is rare. Specific feature in fungal osteomyelitis is the involvement of maxillary sinus with a complaint of sinusitis associated with diabetes mellitus. Here, we discuss a case of osteomyelitis with fungal infection involving the maxilla. The patient is under medication for the past five years due to diabetes.
Differential susceptibility to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome retrovirus in cloned cells of human leukemic T-cell line Molt-4 (1986)

Cells of human leukemic T-cell line Molt-4 which were cloned in soft agarose from individual colonies were analyzed for the cytopathic effect and viral antigen expression after human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection. The induction of cytopathic effect and viral antigens by the infection varied significantly among the different cell clones. These clones did not show significant differences in the amount of OKT-4 antigen, a possible surface receptor for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus. Moreover, the virus-producing ability and the susceptibility to the virus of each clone appeared to be separable.
Magnetic Behavior of [Ni/Co?Ni?Mg?N] � n Cylindrical Multilayers prepared by Magnetoelectrolysis (2002)

Metallic multilayers comprising ferromagnetic layers with different coercivities are of interest for magnetic sensor applications. Our purpose is to analyze the effects of interlayer coupling and number of interfaces between layers on the magnetic behavior of [Ni/Co—Ni—Mg—N] × n multilayers. The number n of periods varied from 1 to 52 for a total multilayer thickness of 1.5 μm. The multilayers were deposited onto a copper wire in an electrolytic cell system with a magnetic field Hd externally imposed during electroplating. The magnetic susceptibility curves obtained by induction method using a digital scope interfaced to computer were analyzed by real-time Fast-Fourier-Transform (FFT) analysis. The magnetic behavior is explained by the complex internal magnetic configuration of the samples.
Nosocomial Infection Update (1998)

Historically, staphylococci, pseudomonads, and Escherichia coli have been the nosocomial infection troika; nosocomial pneumonia, surgical wound infections, and vascular access-related bacteremia have caused the most illness and death in hospitalized patients; and intensive care units have been the epicenters of antibiotic resistance. Acquired antimicrobial resistance is the major problem, and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the pathogen of greatest concern. The shift to outpatient care is leaving the most vulnerable patients in hospitals. Aging of our population and increasingly aggressive medical and surgical interventions, including implanted foreign bodies, organ transplantations, and xenotransplantation, create a cohort of particularly susceptible persons. Renovation of aging hospitals increases risk of airborne fungal and other infections. To prevent and control these emerging nosocomial infections, we need to increase national surveillance, "risk adjust" infection rates so that interhospital comparisons are valid, develop more noninvasive infection-resistant devices, and work with health-care workers on better implementation of existing control measures such as hand washing.
The course of aberrant reinnervation following nerve repair with fresh or denatured muscle autografts (2005)

Denatured muscle grafts obtained by freeze thawing have been proposed to replace losses in the peripheral nerves. In the present report, we compare the performance of such grafts with fresh grafts in the rat median nerve. A long-term effect of muscle interposition on reinnervation was studied by behavioral assessment, muscle ATPase histochemistry, and retrograde labeling of motoneurons. There was no difference in grasping strength recovery between fresh and denatured 10-mm-long muscle grafts. Recovery was delayed and incomplete. Twelve months after surgery, only 50% of the normal grasping strength was attained. Grasping recovery was not observed in the 20-mm-long graft groups. Pathway reinnervation was non-specific with a huge amount of motor fiber misdirection. A decrease in the number of misdirected motor fibers occurred with time and activity recovery. Muscle reinnervation was not specific with disturbance of the mosaic pattern and type-grouping formation. Preference of type I axons for reinnervating deeper zones was observed. Type I aberrant reinnervation was demonstrated in the muscle periphery. The mosaic distribution of type I and II muscle fibers was not stable, and readjustments were observed with time, correlating with grasping improvement. During grasping strength recovery, there was a decrease in the number of type I fibers peripherally located and an increase of those deeply disposed. A time- and activity-related recovery was associated with readjustment in the pathways and muscle fiber rearrangement. We suggest that muscle activity generates specificity.
Powered Tate Pairing Computation. (2005)

Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a powered Tate pairing on a supersingular elliptic curve that has the same shortened loop as the modified Tate pairing using the eta pairing approach by Barreto et al. The main significance of our approach is to remove the condition which the latter should rely on. It implies that our method is simpler and potentially general than the eta pairing approach, although they are equivalent in most practical cases.
Muscle sympathetic nerve activity during central, mixed and obstructive apnea: Are there any differences? (1997)

We recorded muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) from the peroneal nerve during sleep in three OSAS patients who showed three kinds of apnea. During central apneas and central component of mixed apnea, bursts of MSNA appeared in high probability with almost each heart beat. During obstructive apneas and the obstructive component of mixed apneas, bursts of MSNA appeared in a cluster after the end of each inspiratory effort. Burst rate of MSNA during apnea were higher in cental apneas and the central component of mixed apnea than in obstructive apneas and the obstructive component of mixed apneas. These findings indicate that activity in the sympathetic nervous system is enhanced not only in obstructive apnea but also in central and mixed apnea.
Cannabinoids inhibit fibrogenesis in diffuse systemic sclerosis fibroblasts (2009)

Our preliminary findings suggest that cannabinoids are provided with an anti-fibrotic activity, thereby possibly representing a new class of agents targeting fibrosis diseases.
High-power, near-diffraction-limited large-area traveling-wave semiconductor amplifiers (1993)

Operating characteristics of high-power large-active-area GaAlAs amplifiers configured in double-pass and single-pass traveling-wave arrangements are described. Single-pass broad-area amplifiers with a 600- mu m stripe width generated up to 21 W of near-diffraction-limited emission under pulsed operation when injected with 500 mW from a Ti:Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ laser, and 11.6 W when injected with 100 mW from a laser diode master laser. In CW operation, a broad-area amplifier output of 3.3 W was demonstrated. Tapered-stripe large-area amplifiers emitted up to 4.5 W in a near-diffraction-limited beam when injected with 150 mW from a Ti:Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ laser. The physical mechanisms causing degradation of the output beam phase front and intensity uniformity at high output power levels, including thermal lensing and filamentation, are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Formulation, stability, and antitumor activity of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine conjugate of thioether phospholipid. (1990)

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-diphosphate-rac-1-S-octadecyl-2-O- palmitoyl-1-thioglycerol (ara-CDP-DL-PTBA) is an effective stable 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) conjugate of thioether phospholipid against a variety of transplantable tumors in mice. The conjugate was formulated in a micellar solution by sonication, in which the conjugate exists as micellar discs (size, 0.01 to 0.04 micron). Analyses on thin-layer and high-pressure liquid chromatography showed that the conjugate was chemically stable upon storage at 3-4 degrees C for more than a 6-mo period. However, stored at room temperature for 3 mo it began to degrade (3 to 11%) to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate and phosphatidic acid. At 3-4 degrees C, the micellar structure remained generally unchanged for 6 mo (size, less than 0.1 micron). Samples stored for 4 mo at room temperature formed some larger vesicles (size, 0.1 to 0.4 micron). Antitumor activity against i.p. implanted L1210 leukemia in mice remained relatively constant with samples stored for 6 mo at 3-4 degrees C or 3 mo at room temperature. 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate (ara-CTP) levels were elevated (greater than 500 pmol/10(7) cells) in L1210 leukemia cells within 1 h following i.p. administration of 400 mg/kg of ara-CDP-DL-PTBA to mice. More importantly, retention of cellular ara-CTP was prolonged (greater than 24 h) in these tumor cells as compared with ara-C treatments. Administration of ara-CDP-DL-PTBA to mice with colon 26 carcinoma (s.c.) resulted in both significant antitumor activity with an increased life span greater than 100% and decreased tumor size. The conjugate also demonstrated a dose-dependent therapeutic effect in mice with M5076 sarcoma (s.c.) as demonstrated by decreases in tumor size and liver metastases. Overall, ara-CDP-DL-PTBA, a stable lipid conjugate of ara-C in a micellar solution, appears to offer substantial therapeutic benefit to mice with leukemia and solid tumors warranting its further development and clinical investigation.
Characterization of the human endogenous retrovirus K proteinase (1996)

The proteinase of the human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) shows similarity to retrovirus aspartic proteinases. It is translated from a transcript composed of gag and prt. The proteinase was expressed either as full-length native protein or as truncated protein in Escherichia coli. Functional protein was demonstrated by its autocatalytic cleavage into an 18 kDa fragment recognized by a polyclonal antiserum. This autocatalytic cleavage was specifically inhibited by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase inhibitor. The HERV-K proteinase expressed in E. coli was capable of cleaving HERV-K Gag translated in vitro. Major protein fragments of 39 and 30 kDa, and minor protein fragments of 26, 22 and 21 kDa were obtained. Similar fragments are also observed in the human teratocarcinoma cell line Tera1. Our data suggest that the HERV-K proteinase is functionally equivalent to other retrovirus proteinases and thus probably functions in the processing of Gag precursor protein.
Klebsiella (1984)

Belonging to the tribe Klebsielleae found in the family Enterobacteriaceae , the genus Klebsiella is the second most populous enteric genus found in the gastrointestinal tract of man. The genus Klebsiella is named after the late nineteenth century German microbiologist, Edwin Klebs, but the Klebsiella bacillus was for many years referred to as the Friedlander bacillus after being described by Carl Friedlander. The genus consists of four species, recognized by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology , namely, K. pneumoniae (the type species), K. ozaenae, K. rhinoscleromatis , and K. oxytoca. K. pneumoniae is one of a few gram-negative rods that can cause a primary pneumonia.
bcl-2 protein expression is widespread in the developing nervous system and retained in the adult PNS (1994)

Cell death is a common feature of neural development in all vertebrates. The bcl-2 proto-oncogene has been shown to protect a variety of cell types from programmed cell death. We have examined the distribution of bcl-2 protein in the developing and adult nervous systems. bcl-2 protein is widespread during embryonic development. Proliferating neuroepithelial cells of ventricular zones as well as the postmitotic cells of the cortical plate, cerebellum, hippocampus and spinal cord express bcl-2. Postnatally, bcl-2 is principally retained in the granule cells of the cerebellum and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. bcl-2 expression in the CNS declines with aging. In the peripheral nervous system, neurons and supporting cells of sympathetic and sensory ganglia retain substantial bcl-2 protein throughout life. The widespread expression of bcl-2 in CNS and PNS neurons during embryonic development and its selective retention in the adult PNS is consistent with a role for bcl-2 in regulating neuronal survival. In addition, the expression of bcl-2 in some neuronal populations beyond the recognized period of cell death is suggestive of a role for bcl-2 beyond simply protecting neurons from developmental cell death.
The Androgen Derivative 5α-Androstane-3β,17β-Diol Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Migration Through Activation of the Estrogen Receptor β Subtype (2005)

Prostate cancer growth depends, in its earlier stages, on androgens and is usually pharmacologically modulated with androgen blockade. However, androgen-ablation therapy may generate androgen-independent prostate cancer, often characterized by an increased invasiveness. We have found that the 5alpha-reduced testosterone derivative, dihydrotestosterone (the most potent natural androgen) inhibits cell migration with an androgen receptor-independent mechanism. We have shown that the dihydrotestosterone metabolite 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol (3beta-Adiol), a steroid which does not bind androgen receptors, but efficiently binds the estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta), exerts a potent inhibition of prostate cancer cell migration through the activation of the ERbeta signaling. Very surprisingly, estradiol is not active, suggesting the existence of different pathways for ERbeta activation in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, 3beta-Adiol, through ERbeta, induces the expression of E-cadherin, a protein known to be capable of blocking metastasis formation in breast and prostate cancer cells. The inhibitory effects of 3beta-Adiol on prostate cancer cell migration is counteracted by short interfering RNA against E-cadherin. Altogether, the data showed that (a) circulating testosterone may act with estrogenic effects downstream in the catabolic process present in the prostate, and (b) that the estrogenic effect of testosterone derivatives (ERbeta-dependent) results in the inhibition of cell migration, although it is apparently different from that linked to estradiol on the same receptor and may be protective against prostate cancer invasion and metastasis. These results also shed some light on clinical observations suggesting that alterations in genes coding for 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (the enzymes responsible for 3beta-Adiol formation) are strongly correlated with hereditary prostate cancer.
Reaction of enaminones with carbon disulfide: Synthesis of heterocycles using enamino dithiocarboxylates (1991)

Abstract Reaction of various types of enaminones, which are prepared by the condensation of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with aromatic amines, with carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide as the base in dimethyl sulfoxide to give the corresponding enamino dithiocarboxylates, 1,3‐thiazines and trithiones. Enamino dithiocarboxylates are cyclized under refluxing in diphenyl ether to give the fused quinoline derivatives. The reaction of 6‐arylamino‐1,3‐dimethyluracils with excess carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide and subsequent methylation with dimethyl sulfate gave directly the corresponding 1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐methylthiopyrimido[4,5‐ b ]quinoline‐2,4(1 H ,3 H )‐diones.
Antitesticular effect of copper chloride in albino rats. (1999)

Copper chloride treatment adversely affects testicular activity in albino rats. To investigate its antitesticular effects mature (120 days) Wistar strain albino rats were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with copper chloride at doses of 1000, 2000 and 3000 micrograms/kg body weight/day for 26 days. Significant reduction of testicular and accessory sex organs (seminal vesicle, ventral prostate) weight, along with inhibition of testicular delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (delta 5-3 beta-HSD) and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) activity and reduction in plasma testosterone level, were observed at the doses of 2000 and 3000 micrograms/kg body weight/day. The degree of inhibition in all the parameters were increased with the increase of dosage. But no significant change was observed in the above parameters when the animals were treated with 1000 micrograms/kg body weight/day dose. This suggests that copper produces a suppressive influence on male reproductive activity, mainly on testicular weight and steroidogenesis and accessory sex organ weight in a dose-dependent manner.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 1 Is Overexpressed in Reed-Sternberg Cells of Hodgkin’s Disease and Epstein-Barr Virus-Transformed Lymphoid Cells (1999)

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a member of the recently defined TRAF family. It takes part in the signal transduction of the TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2), the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LT-βR), CD40, CD30, and LMP1; is induced by LMP1 in vitro; and protects lymphoid cells from apoptosis. To identify the cells in which TRAF1 is active in vivo, we studied TRAF1 transcripts in normal lymphoid tissue, in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lymphoproliferations, and in malignant lymphomas with special reference to those that overexpress the cytokine receptor CD30 and CD40 of the TNF receptor family at the single-cell level using a radioactive in situ hybridization. In normal lymphoid tissue, TRAF1 message proved to be absent from all resting B and T cells as well as from macrophages and accessory cells (follicular dendritic cells and interdigitating cells) and present in few perifollicular and intrafollicular lymphoid blasts. In contrast, there was a high and consistent TRAF1 overexpression in EBV-induced lymphoproliferations and Hodgkin’s disease. Nearly all non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma show low or no TRAF1 expression. Only some cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showed a moderate to high TRAF1 signal. Several of the latter cases were EBV+. These data confirm that TRAF1 is an inducible molecule and indicates its deregulation in the mentioned disorders with the potential of a blockage of the apoptotic pathway.
Purification and Characterization of Two Putative HLA Class II Associated Proteins: PHAPI and PHAPII (1994)

In addition to their well defined role in presentation of processed antigen on the cell surface, class II molecules are able to transduce signals into the cell after binding of ligands. The cytoplasmic regions of class II molecules might function as docking sites for as yet unidentified proteins that are components of this signalling pathway. Here we report on two putative HLA class II associated proteins (PHAPI and PHAPII) which have been purified from the cytosolic fraction of the human lymphoblastoid B-cell line H2LCL using an affinity matrix composed of the synthetic biotinylated cytoplasmic region of the DR2 alpha chain immobilized on avidin agarose. The sequence obtained for PHAPI revealed a novel primary structure with a leucine/isoleucine rich N-terminal region. Protein data and the cDNA sequence obtained for PHAPII agree with the cDNA sequence of SET that has been described recently. Both PHAPI and PHAPII have an extended highly acidic C-terminal region. Based on their primary structure we speculate that PHAPI and PHAPII are involved in the generation of intracellular signalling events that lead to regulation of transcriptional activity after binding of a ligand to HLA class II molecules.