gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Crystal X-ray Structure of the Cation Radical of 3‘,4‘-Dibutyl-2,5‘‘-diphenyl-2,2‘:5‘,2‘‘-terthiophene:  Definitive Evidence for π-Stacked Oxidized Oligothiophenes (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSingle-Crystal X-ray Structure of the Cation Radical of 3',4'-Dibutyl-2,5''-diphenyl-2,2':5',2''-terthiophene: Definitive Evidence for π-Stacked Oxidized OligothiophenesDavid D. Graf, John P. Campbell, Larry L. Miller, and Kent R. MannView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 23, 5480–5481Publication Date (Web):June 12, 1996Publication History Received19 January 1996Published online12 June 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja960194bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja960194brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views729Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cations,Chemical structure,Electrical conductivity,Electrodes,Oligomers Get e-Alerts
Real-time and forensic network data analysis using animated and coordinated visualization (2005)

Rapidly detecting and classifying malicious activity contained within network traffic is a challenging problem exacerbated by large datasets and functionally limited manual analysis tools. Even on a small network, manual analysis of network traffic is inefficient and extremely time consuming. Current machine processing techniques, while fast, suffer from an unacceptable percentage of false positives and false negatives. To complement both manual and automated analysis of network traffic, we applied information visualization techniques to appropriately and effectively bring the human into the analytic loop. This paper describes the implementation and lessons learned from the creation of a novel network traffic visualization system capable of both realtime and forensic data analysis. Combining the strength of link analysis using parallel coordinate plots with the time-sequence animation of scatter plots, we examine a 2D and 3D coordinated display that provides insight into both legitimate and malicious network activity. Our results indicate that analysts can rapidly examine network traffic and detect anomalies far more quickly than with manual tools.
Improved Electrical and Reliability Characteristics in Metal/Oxide/Nitride/Oxide/Silicon Capacitors with Blocking Oxide Layers Formed Under the Radical Oxidation Process (2010)

We propose a Metal-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (MONOS) structure whose blocking oxide is formed by radical oxidation on the silicon nitride (Si3N4) layer to improve the electrical and reliability characteristics. We directly compare the electrical and reliability properties of the MONOS capacitors with two different blocking oxide (SiO2) layers, which are called a "radical oxide" grown by the radical oxidation and a "CVD oxide" deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) respectively. The MONOS capacitor with a radical oxide shows a larger C-V memory window of 3.6 V at sweep voltages from 9 V to -9 V, faster program/erase speeds of 1 micros/1 ms at bias voltages of -6 V and 8 V, a lower leakage current of 7 pA and a longer data retention, compared to those of the MONOS capacitor with a CVD oxide. These improvements have been attributed to both high densification of blocking oxide film and increased nitride-related memory traps at the interface between the blocking oxide and Si3N4 layer by radical oxidation.
Triglycerides on the rise: should we swap seats on the seesaw? (2014)

For decades, cardiovascular risk attributed to lipids beyond low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has focused appropriately on high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Indubitable observational data show a consistent inverse relationship between baseline HDL-C concentrations and cardiovascular risk. Yet, fidelity as a prospective risk marker does not guaranty that an analyte either lies in a causal pathway for disease, or that its therapeutic manipulation will yield clinical benefits. Indeed, multiple strategies to raise HDL levels therapeutically have thus far failed to forestall events in clinical trials [e.g. currently available fibrates, niacin, and the investigated cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors]. We await eagerly with an open mind, however, results from the ongoing outcome trials with two additional CETP inhibitors. We also recognize that steady-state concentrations of HDL-C in plasma likely do not reflect the flux of HDL particles, their potential for mediating reverse cholesterol transport, and other putative functions of HDL subclasses. For example, a large body of in vitro and experimental animal studies indicates that HDL particles may have many beneficial actions beyond reverse cholesterol transport. These putative properties of HDL particles include anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, attributes not assessed by the simple laboratory measurement of HDL-C. These functional facets of HDL may provide novel targets for therapeutic manipulation in a more subtle fashion in the future. Yet, concordant with the data from clinical intervention trials showing lack of benefit (or even harm) with current approaches to pharmacological boosting of HDL-C, recent genetic studies have also cast doubt on HDL-C as a causal risk factor.1

While HDL-C has stood in the spotlight, centre stage, triglycerides have tarried in the wings as a causal cardiovascular risk factor. Adjustment for …
Microbial Technology Microbial Technology: Current State, Future Prospects A. T. Bull D. C. Ellwood C. Ratledge (1980)

Journal Article Microbial Technology Get access Microbial Technology: Current State, Future Prospects, edited by Bull A. T. Ellwood D. C. Ratledge C.. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1979, 422 p., illus., $49.50 (78-12206). D. Perlman D. Perlman School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 30, Issue 1, January 1980, Page 46, https://doi.org/10.2307/1308079 Published: 01 January 1980
Independent regulation of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen expression and cytokine synthesis phenotype during human CD4+ memory T cell differentiation (1997)

Although considerable attention has been paid to the development of cytokine synthesis heterogeneity during memory T cell differentiation, little information is available on how this function is coregulated with homing receptor expression. The development of skin-homing, CD4+ memory T cells in the human provides an excellent model for such investigation, since 1) the skin supports both Th1- and Th2-predominant responses in different settings, and 2) the skin-homing capability of human memory T cells correlates with and appears to depend on expression of the skin-selective homing receptor cutaneous lymphocyte-associated Ag (CLA). In this study, we used multiparameter FACS analysis to examine expression of CLA vs IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-2 synthesis capabilities among fresh peripheral blood CD4+ memory T cells, and Th1 vs Th2 memory T cells generated in vitro from purified CD4+ naive precursors by cyclic activation in polarizing culture conditions. Among normal peripheral blood T cells, CLA expression was essentially identical among the IFN-gamma- vs IL-4-producing CD4+ memory subsets, clearly indicating the existence of in vivo mechanisms capable of producing both Th1 vs Th2 skin-homing T cells. In vitro differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells confirmed the independent regulation of CLA and all three cytokines examined, regulation that allowed differential production of IFN-gamma-, IL-4-, and IL-2-producing, CLA+ memory subsets. These studies also 1) demonstrated differences in regulatory factor activity depending on the differentiation status of the responding cell, and 2) revealed CLA expression to be much more rapidly reversible on established memory cells than cytokine synthesis capabilities.
Efficient Multiplexed Integration of Synergistic Alleles and Metabolic Pathways in Yeasts via CRISPR-Cas (2015)

CRISPR-Cas genome engineering in yeast has relied on preparation of complex expression plasmids for multiplexed gene knockouts and point mutations. Here we show that co-transformation of a single linearized plasmid with multiple PCR-generated guide RNA (gRNA) and donor DNA cassettes facilitates high-efficiency multiplexed integration of point mutations and large constructs. This technique allowed recovery of marker-less triple-engineering events with 64% efficiency without selection for expression of all gRNAs. The gRNA cassettes can be easily made by PCR and delivered in any combination. We employed this method to rapidly phenotype up to five specific allele combinations and identify synergistic effects. To prototype a pathway for the production of muconic acid, we integrated six DNA fragments totaling 24 kb across three loci in naive Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a single transformation. With minor modifications, we integrated a similar pathway in Kluyveromyces lactis. The flexibility afforded by combinatorial gRNA delivery dramatically accelerates complex strain engineering for basic research and industrial fermentation.
Direct Activation of the Stress-activated Protein Kinase (SAPK) and Extracellular Signal-regulated Protein Kinase (ERK) Pathways by an Inducible Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase/ERK Kinase Kinase 3 (MEKK) Derivative (1997)

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway, and the p38 pathway are three major mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades known to participate in the regulation of cellular responses to a variety of extracellular signals. Upstream regulatory components of these kinase cascades, the MAPK/ERK kinase kinases (MEKK), have been described in several systems. We have isolated a cDNA encoding human MEKK3. Transfected MEKK3 has the ability to activate both SAPK and ERK pathways, but does not induce p38 activity, in agreement with a previous report on murine MEKK3 (Blank, J. L., Gerwins, P., Elliott, E. M., Sather, S., and Johnson, G. L. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 5361-5368). We now demonstrate that MEKK3 activates SEK and MEK, the known kinases targeting SAPK and ERK, respectively. Utilizing an estrogen ligand-activated MEKK3 derivative, we furthermore demonstrate that MEKK3 regulates the SAPK and the ERK pathway directly. Consistent with the fact that several SAPK-inducing agents activate the transcription factor NFkappaB, we now show that MEKK3 also enhances transcription from an NFkappaB-dependent reporter gene in cotransfection assays. The ability of MEKK3 to simultaneously activate the SAPK and ERK pathways is remarkable, given that they have divergent roles in cellular homeostasis.
Ascertainment of Individual Risk of Mortality for Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2011)

The prognosis for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis may be accurately determined using four readily ascertainable predictors. Our simplified scoring system may be a valuable tool for determining prognosis and guiding clinical management. Additional research is needed to validate the applicability and accuracy of the scoring system.
Conformational changes and fusion activity of influenza virus hemagglutinin of the H2 and H3 subtypes: effects of acid pretreatment (1990)

Marked differences were observed between the H2 and H3 strains of influenza virus in their sensitivity to pretreatment at low pH. Whereas viral fusion and hemolysis mediated by influenza virus X:31 (H3 subtype) were inactivated by pretreatment of the virus at low pH, influenza virus A/Japan/305/57 (H2 subtype) retained those activities even after a 15-min incubation at pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C. Fusion with erythrocytes was measured by using the octadecylrhodamine-dequenching assay with both intact virions and CV-1 monkey kidney cells expressing hemagglutinin (HA) on the plasma membrane. To study the nature of the differences between the two strains, we examined the effects of low-pH treatment on the conformational change of HA by its susceptibility to protease digestion, exposure of the fusion peptide, and electron microscopy of unstained, frozen, hydrated virus. We found that the respective HA molecules from the two strains assumed different conformational states after exposure to low pH. The relationship between the conformation of HA and its fusogenic activity is discussed in the context of these experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antitumor Activity of 4,5‐Diamino‐ Substituted 1,2‐Benzoquinones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Layer‐by‐Layer‐Assembled Healable Antifouling Films (2015)

Healable antifouling films are fabricated by the exponential layer-by-layer assembly of PEGylated branched poly(ethylenimine) and hyaluronic acid followed by post-crosslinking. The antifouling function originates from the grafted PEG and the extremely soft nature of the films. The rapid and multiple healing of damaged antifouling functions caused by cuts and scratches can be readily achieved by immersing the films in normal saline solution.
Effect of Indomethacin on Intestinal Tumors Induced in Rats by the Acetate Derivative of Dimethylnitrosamine (1981)

Over the course of 20 weeks, Sprague-Dawley rats developed intestinal tumors in response to an intraperitoneal injection of the acetate derivative of dimethylnitrosamine. The same agent did not induce tumors in Lobund-Wistar rats. The number of tumors was significantly smaller in rats given drinking water containing indomethacin (beginning 14 days after the injections) than in control rats given drug-free water.
Textbook of Family Practice. (1984)

A practical resource which provides all the information needed for optimal patient care in family practice. Organized by presenting symptoms, this edition adopts a humanistic and problem-oriented approach to primary care. Packed with practical management skills, technological advances in office management and information on maintaining problem-oriented medical records that can increase office efficiency, it also covers family structure, impact of illness on the family, impact of divorce, elder and spouse abuse, genetic problems economics of family practice and more.
GPU accelerated real-time multi-functional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system at 1300nm (2012)

We present a GPU accelerated multi-functional spectral domain optical coherence tomography system at 1300 nm. The system is capable of real-time processing and display of every intensity image, comprised of 512 pixels by 2048 A-lines acquired at 20 frames per second. The update rate for all four images with size of 512 pixels by 2048 A-lines simultaneously (intensity, phase retardation, flow and en face view) is approximately 10 frames per second. Additionally, we report for the first time the characterization of phase retardation and diattenuation by a sample comprised of a stacked set of polarizing film and wave plate. The calculated optic axis orientation, phase retardation and diattenuation match well with expected values. The speed of each facet of the multi-functional OCT CPU-GPU hybrid acquisition system, intensity, phase retardation, and flow, were separately demonstrated by imaging a horseshoe crab lateral compound eye, a non-uniformly heated chicken muscle, and a microfluidic device. A mouse brain with thin skull preparation was imaged in vivo and demonstrated the capability of the system for live multi-functional OCT visualization.
Plasticity in the Aging Brain (1990)

The course of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus was studied in a 78-year-old woman with a 4-year history of progressive dementia who underwent neuropsychologic testing, quantitative x-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography with fludeoxyglucose F 18 to measure rates of regional cerebral glucose utilization. Preshunt cognitive testing demonstrated progressive deterioration during 2 years, and positron emission tomography showed significant reductions in regional cerebral glucose utilization of 34% to 49% as compared with age- and sex-matched control subjects in frontal, temporal, parietal, and whole brain regions. Periodic testing, carried out during a 2-year period after shunt surgery, showed steady improvement in clinical status. Parallel to the clinical changes, there was a significant reversal in neuropsychologic test scores with increased brain volume and increased regional cerebral glucose utilization in several brain regions. These results documented the considerable potential for recovery of compromised brain function in older subjects even after 4 years of progressive brain disease.
Influence of modulation bit rate of semiconductor lasers on performance of optical communication systems (2009)

This paper reports on evaluation of the performance of optical fiber communication systems employing semiconductor lasers subjected to high-speed digital modulation. The evaluation is achieved in terms of the bit error rate and its dependence on the transmission bit rate. The study is based on numerical large-signal analysis of the laser rate equations and counting noise mechanisms in the receiver. Correlation between the bit error rate and the signal-quality factor is presented. The results show that under high speed modulation, the pseudorandom bit-pattern induces enhanced influence of laser noise to the bit error rate. Under low-speed modulation, contribution of laser noise to the bit error rate is mainly due to the intrinsic fluctuations in the “1” and “0” levels.
Photochemistry in polymers: photoinduced electron transfer between phenosafranine and triethylamine in perfluorosulfonate membrane (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry in polymers: photoinduced electron transfer between phenosafranine and triethylamine in perfluorosulfonate membraneK. R. Gopidas and Prashant V. KamatCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 11, 4723–4727Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100374a064https://doi.org/10.1021/j100374a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views312Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Epithelial cancer in Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (Fancd2) knockout mice (2003)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder characterized by hypersensitivity to DNA damage, bone marrow failure, congenital defects, and cancer. To further investigate the in vivo function of the FA pathway, mice with a targeted deletion in the distally acting FA gene Fancd2 were created. Similar to human FA patients and other FA mouse models, Fancd2 mutant mice exhibited cellular sensitivity to DNA interstrand cross-links and germ cell loss. In addition, chromosome mispairing was seen in male meiosis. However, Fancd2 mutant mice also displayed phenotypes not observed in other mice with disruptions of proximal FA genes. These include microphthalmia, perinatal lethality, and epithelial cancers, similar to mice with Brca2/Fancd1 hypomorphic mutations. These additional phenotypes were not caused by defects in the ATM-mediated S-phase checkpoint, which was intact in primary Fancd2 mutant fibroblasts. The phenotypic overlap between Fancd2-null and Brca2/Fancd1 hypomorphic mice is consistent with a common function for both proteins in the same pathway, regulating genomic stability.
Population and coherence control by three-pulse four-wave mixing (1999)

Control of coherence and population transfer between the ground and excited states is reported using three-pulse four-wave mixing. The inherent vibrational dynamics of the system are utilized in timing the pulse sequence that controls the excitation process. A slight alteration in the pulse sequence timing causes a change in the observed signal from coherent vibration in the ground state to coherent vibration in the excited state. This control is demonstrated experimentally for molecular iodine. The theoretical basis for these experiments is discussed in terms of the density matrix for a multilevel system.
Fractalkine (CX3CL1) as an amplification circuit of polarized Th1 responses (2001)

Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine induced by primary proinflammatory signals in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Here we examined the role of FKN in polarized Th1 or Th2 responses. Proinflammatory signals, including LPS, IL-1, TNF, and CD40 ligand, induced FKN, as did IFN-gamma, which had synergistic activity with TNF. IL-4 and IL-13 did not stimulate the expression of FKN and markedly reduced induction by TNF and IFN-gamma. TNF alone or combined with IFN-gamma also induced release of soluble FKN, which was inhibited by IL-4 and IL-13. In light of this differential regulation of FKN by the master cytokines that control polarized responses, we analyzed the interaction of FKN with natural killer (NK) cells and polarized T-cell populations. NK cells expressed high levels of the FKN receptor CX3CR1 and responded to FKN. CX3CR1 was preferentially expressed in Th1 compared with Th2 cells. Th1 but not Th2 cells responded to FKN. By immunohistochemistry, FKN was expressed on ECs in psoriasis, a Th1-dominated skin disorder, but not in Th2-driven atopic dermatitis. Similarly, ECs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis granulomatous lymphadenitis, but not those in reactive lymph node hyperplasia or in Castelman's disease, showed immunoreactive FKN. These results indicate that regulated expression of FKN in ECs participates in an amplification circuit of polarized type I responses.