gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trickle: rate limiting YouTube video streaming (2012)

YouTube traffic is bursty. These bursts trigger packet losses and stress router queues, causing TCP’s congestion-control algorithm to kick in. In this paper, we introduce Trickle, a server-side mechanism that uses TCP to rate limit YouTube video streaming. Trickle paces the video stream by placing an upper bound on TCP’s congestion window as a function of the streaming rate and the round-trip time. We evaluated Trickle on YouTube production data centers in Europe and India and analyzed its impact on losses, bandwidth, RTT, and video buffer under-run events. The results show that Trickle reduces the average TCP loss rate by up to 43% and the average RTT by up to 28 % while maintaining the streaming rate requested by the application. 1
Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type (HIV-1) Replication by some Diversely Functionalized Spirocyclopropyl Derivatives (1999)

Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by differently substituted spirocyclopropyl compounds has been evaluated. Compound 21 showed a moderate activity (EC50 ranging from 2.3 to 5.8 micrograms/ml) against different HIV-1 strains (IIIB, RF, NDK, and an AZT-resistant strain) in different cell lines (MT-4 and C-8166 cells), while it was cytotoxic at 77.7 micrograms/ml, resulting in a selectivity index of 34. This compound was inactive against HIV-2 (ROD) and SIV (MAC251). From "time-of-addition" experiments compound 21, like AZT, appeared to inhibit HIV-1 at the reverse transcriptase step.
Performance analysis of QAM modulations applied to the LINC transmitter (1993)

Future mobile radiocommunications systems will use linear modulations because they show a higher spectrum efficiency than classical FM modulations. Furthermore, in order to use these modulations in hand-portable equipment, power efficiency is also requested for the power amplifiers. To obtain both power and spectrum efficiency, a LINC transmitter can be considered. The authors present an analysis of the effect of different types of imbalances between the parallel signal paths in a LINC transmitter. The system degradations are described in terms of adjacent channel rejection, (U/sub R/). Classical raised cosine (Nyquist filtered) 4, 16, and 64 QAM modulation patterns are taken into account, and in all cases, upper bounds for adjacent channel rejection as function of the gain and phase imbalances as well as of the guard band between adjacent channels are presented. Moreover, the impact of these imbalances in the system performance, characterized by means of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increment needed to maintain a fixed error rate, is also considered. The results show that gain and phase imbalance between both RF paths could be a serious limitation for the LINC transmitter performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A new, highly efficient, selective methodology for formation of medium-ring and macrocyclic lactones via intramolecular ketene trapping: an application to a convergent synthesis of (-)-kromycin (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new, highly efficient, selective methodology for formation of medium-ring and macrocyclic lactones via intramolecular ketene trapping: an application to a convergent synthesis of (-)-kromycinRobert K. Boeckman Jr. and James R. PruittCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 21, 8286–8288Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00203a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00203a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1487Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An algebraic boundary orthogonalization procedure for structured grids (2000)

An algebraic procedure for grid orthogonalization has been developed. It is often difficult to include both grid clustering and orthogonalization in a grid generation method. Often the degree and extent of orthogonality are hard to control when orthogonalization is included in a complicated grid generation method. Fortunately, grid orthogonalization can be performed independently of grid generation. The orthogonalization method developed is simple and includes invertibility control. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
K-252a, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C from microbial origin. (1986)

K-252a, a metabolite isolated from the culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp. K-252a, was found to exhibit an extremely potent inhibitory activity on protein kinase C. The IC50 value was 32.9 nM.
Age-Accelerated Atherosclerosis Correlates With Failure to Upregulate Antioxidant Genes (2009)

Excess food intake leads to obesity and diabetes, both of which are well-known independent risk factors for atherosclerosis, and both of which are growing epidemics in an aging population. We hypothesized that aging enhances the metabolic and vascular effects of high fat diet (HFD) and therefore examined the effect of age on atherosclerosis and insulin resistance in lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR(-/-)) mice. We found that 12-month-old (middle-aged) LDLR(-/-) mice developed substantially worse metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and atherosclerosis than 3-month-old (young) LDLR(-/-) mice when both were fed HFD for 3 months, despite similar elevations in total cholesterol levels. Microarray analyses were performed to analyze the mechanism responsible for the marked acceleration of atherosclerosis in middle-aged mice. Chow-fed middle-aged mice had greater aortic expression of multiple antioxidant genes than chow-fed young mice, including glutathione peroxidase-1 and -4, catalase, superoxide dismutase-2, and uncoupling protein-2. Aortic expression of these enzymes markedly increased in young mice fed HFD but decreased or only modestly increased in middle-aged mice fed HFD, despite the fact that systemic oxidative stress and vascular reactive oxygen species generation, measured by plasma F2alpha isoprostane concentration (systemic) and dihydroethidium conversion and p47phox expression (vascular), were greater in middle-aged mice fed HFD. Thus, the mechanism for the accelerated vascular injury in older LDLR(-/-) mice was likely the profound inability to mount an antioxidant response. This effect was related to a decrease in vascular expression of 2 key transcriptional pathways regulating the antioxidant response, DJ-1 and forkhead box, subgroup O family (FOXOs). Treatment of middle-aged mice fed HFD with the antioxidant apocynin attenuated atherosclerosis, whereas treatment with the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone attenuated both metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. Both treatments decreased oxidative stress. A novel effect of rosiglitazone was to increase expression of Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2), a downstream target of DJ-1 contributing to enhanced expression of vascular antioxidant enzymes. This investigation underscores the role of oxidative stress when multiple atherosclerotic risk factors, particularly aging, converge on the vessel wall and emphasizes the need to develop effective strategies to inhibit oxidative stress to protect aging vasculature.
chk-YB-1b, a Y-box binding protein activates transcription from rat α1(I) procollagen gene promoter (1998)

Type-I collagen, the predominant component of extracellular matrix, is a triple-helical protein consisting of two alpha1 polypeptides and one alpha2 polypeptide. Expression of alpha1 and alpha2 procollagen genes is co-ordinately regulated under both normal and various pathological conditions. However, the basis of this co-ordinate regulation is not well known. YB-1b, a Y-box protein, has been shown to bind to the polypyrimidine tract present in the alpha2 procollagen gene. Here, we show that chk-YB-1b, a YB-1 homologue, binds in a single-strand-sequence-specific manner to the highly conserved pyrimidine-rich sequences in both alpha1(I) and alpha2(I) procollagen promoters from different species, as demonstrated by electrophoretic-mobility-shift assays and by DNaseI footprinting experiments. Transiently transfected and retrovirally expressed antisense oligonucleotides directed against chk-YB-1b specifically inhibited the alpha1(I) procollagen promoter-driven transcription in cultured fibroblasts. Considering these data and the fact that the chk-YB-1b binding site is one of the few sites between alpha1(I) and alpha2(I) procollagen promoters that is conserved from chicken to human, it is proposed that chk-YB-1b may be involved in co-ordinate expression of these two collagen genes.
Fuzzy Metric Approach For Fuzzy Time Series Forecasting Based On Frequency Density Based Partitioning (2007)

In the last 15 years, a number of methods have been proposed for forecasting based on fuzzy time series. Most of the fuzzy time series methods are presented for forecasting of enrollments at the University of Alabama. However, the forecasting accuracy rates of the existing methods are not good enough. In this paper, we compared our proposed new method of fuzzy time series forecasting with existing methods. Our method is based on frequency density based partitioning of the historical enrollment data. The proposed method belongs to the kth order and time-variant methods. The proposed method can get the best forecasting accuracy rate for forecasting enrollments than the existing methods.
Increasing Patient Preparedness for Sacral Neuromodulation Improves Patient Reported Outcomes Despite Leaving Objective Measures of Success Unchanged (2013)

Participating in a group shared appointment before sacral nerve stimulation improved patient preparedness and perceived outcomes of treatment, although there was no difference in objective outcomes based on voiding diary.
Structure-guided development of a high-affinity human Programmed Cell Death-1: Implications for tumor immunotherapy (2017)

Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory immune receptor, which plays critical roles in T cell co-inhibition and exhaustion upon binding to its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2. We report the crystal structure of the human PD-1 ectodomain and the mapping of the PD-1 binding interface. Mutagenesis studies confirmed the crystallographic interface, and resulted in mutant PD-1 receptors with altered affinity and ligand-specificity. In particular, a high-affinity mutant PD-1 (HA PD-1) exhibited 45 and 30-fold increase in binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2, respectively, due to slower dissociation rates. This mutant (A132L) was used to engineer a soluble chimeric Ig fusion protein for cell-based and in vivo studies. HA PD-1 Ig showed enhanced binding to human dendritic cells, and increased T cell proliferation and cytokine production in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay. Moreover, in an experimental model of murine Lewis lung carcinoma, HA PD-1 Ig treatment synergized with radiation therapy to decrease local and metastatic tumor burden, as well as in the establishment of immunological memory responses. Our studies highlight the value of structural considerations in guiding the design of a high-affinity chimeric PD-1 Ig fusion protein with robust immune modulatory properties, and underscore the power of combination therapies to selectively manipulate the PD-1 pathway for tumor immunotherapy.
Mobile Matchmaking: Proximity Sensing and Cueing (2004)

We introduce a system of sensing a social environment and cueing informal interactions between nearby users who don&amp;apos;t know each other, but probably should. Proximate people are detected and identified using Bluetooth hardware addresses and matched from a database of user profiles. We show how inferred information from the mobile phone can augment existing profiles and we present a novel architecture for instigating face-to-face interaction designed to meet varying levels of privacy requirements. Finally, additional features are discussed as in response to results from an on-going user study involving one hundred subjects.
Upgrading to biventricular pacing/defibrillation systems in right ventricular paced congestive heart failure patients: prospective assessment of procedural parameters and response rate (2007)

Procedural aspects, implantation success, and clinical response to CRT were comparable for patients undergoing de-novo vs. upgrade procedures. Accordingly, patient selection for upgrading should be the same as for new CRT implantation.
MaeRobot: An Open Source Test Platform for Prototyping Robots (2008)

MaeRobot is a platform for studying robotic systems that interact with wireless networks. MaeRobot’s main goal is to provide a simple way to create and test different robotic configurations build using the Mindstorm NXT Robotics kit. A wireless mobile device running Embedded Linux OS is used as the robot controller. The architecture of the proposed platform whereas the API used to exploit its resources are described in the paper. Moreover, we provide some useful examples of applications implemented with MaeRobot.
Improved Post-Thaw Function and Epigenetic Changes in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Cryopreserved Using Multicomponent Osmolyte Solutions (2017)

Current methods for freezing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) result in poor post-thaw function, which limits the clinical utility of these cells. This investigation develops a novel approach to preserve MSCs using combinations of sugars, sugar alcohols, and small-molecule additives. MSCs frozen using these solutions exhibit improved post-thaw attachment and a more normal alignment of the actin cytoskeleton compared to cells exposed to dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation assays show that cells retain their mesenchymal lineage properties. Genomic analysis indicates that the different freezing media evaluated have different effects on the levels of DNA hydroxymethylation, which are a principal epigenetic mark and a key step in the demethylation of CpG doublets. RNA sequencing and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction validation demonstrate that transcripts for distinct classes of cytoprotective genes, as well as genes related to extracellular matrix structure and growth factor/receptor signaling are upregulated in experimental freezing solutions compared to DMSO. For example, the osmotic regulator galanin, the antiapoptotic marker B cell lymphoma 2, as well as the cell surface adhesion molecules CD106 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) and CD54 (intracellular adhesion molecule 1) are all elevated in DMSO-free solutions. These studies validate the concept that DMSO-free solutions improve post-thaw biological functions and are viable alternatives for freezing MSCs. These novel solutions promote expression of cytoprotective genes, modulate the CpG epigenome, and retain the differentiation ability of MSCs, suggesting that osmolyte-based freezing solutions may provide a new paradigm for therapeutic cell preservation.
Gene transfer into intact vertebrate embryos (1991)

Intact chick embryos at 40 h incubation were transfected in vivo with chimeric vectors expressing chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) under different promoter sequences. The cationic lipid, dioctadecylamidoglycyl spermine (DOGS) used as the transfecting agent had no noticeable toxic effects on embryonic development. CAT activity was monitored 48 h post-transfection on homogenates of embryos dissected free of all annexes. Of the various constructs tested, those containing the AP-1 response element linked to CAT (TRE-tk-CAT) gave high expression and consistent enzyme responses within groups. Co-transfection experiments in which embryos were exposed simultaneously to a CAT vector containing the cAMP response element and to a vector expressing the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A showed that the promoters of the introduced genes can be regulated by their respective transacting factors. This method may therefore represent a general tool for introducing genes into intact vertebrate embryos at precise developmental times.
Comparing feature-based and clique-based user models for movie selection (1998)

Article Comparing feature-based and clique-based user models for movie selection Share on Authors: Joshua Alspector Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy., Colorado Springs, CO Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy., Colorado Springs, COView Profile , Aleksander Kolcz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy., Colorado Springs, CO Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy., Colorado Springs, COView Profile , Nachimuthu Karunanithi 1 F-319B, Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 1 F-319B, Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims DL '98: Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital librariesMay 1998 Pages 11–18https://doi.org/10.1145/276675.276677Online:11 May 1998Publication History 30citation777DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations30Total Downloads777Last 12 Months12Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Oxidative Conversion of Silyl Enol Ethers to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Employing Oxoammonium Salts (2011)

The oxidative conversion of silyl enol ethers to α,β-unsaturated ketones using a less-hindered class of oxoammonium salts (AZADO(+)BF(4)(-)) is described. The reaction proceeds via the ene-like addition of oxoammonium salts to silyl enol ethers.
Analytical Anion-Exchange HPLC of Recombinant Type-5 Adenoviral Particles (1997)

The expanding use of adenoviral vectors for gene therapy has brought about the need for new analytical tools. We have developed an anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method to analyze recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 samples. Before this assay, available analytical methods consisted of either long-term biological assays or required highly purified test articles. These methods were inadequate for optimizing adenovirus production and purification. This assay can quantitate viral particles in either crude lysates or highly pure samples. It can be used to assess particles in both dilute and concentrated samples over a wide dynamic range. Moreover, the population of viral particles eluted in the peak contains most of the infectious virions. This assay is a sensitive technique that overcomes the limitations of previous methods. It provides an essential tool to accomplish process optimization.
BraMBLe: a Bayesian multiple-blob tracker (2002)

Blob trackers have become increasingly powerful in recent years largely due to the adoption of statistical appearance models which allow effective background subtraction and robust tracking of deforming foreground objects. It has been standard, however, to treat background and foreground modelling as separate processes-background subtraction is followed by blob detection and tracking-which prevents a principled computation of image likelihoods. This paper presents two theoretical advances which address this limitation and lead to a robust multiple-person tracking system suitable for single-camera real-time surveillance applications. The first innovation is a multi-blob likelihood function which assigns directly comparable likelihoods to hypotheses containing different numbers of objects. This likelihood function has a rigorous mathematical basis: it is adapted from the theory of Bayesian correlation, but uses the assumption of a static camera to create a more specific background model while retaining a unified approach to background and foreground modelling. Second we introduce a Bayesian filter for tracking multiple objects when the number of objects present is unknown and varies over time. We show how a particle filter can be used to perform joint inference on both the number of objects present and their configurations. Finally we demonstrate that our system runs comfortably in real time on a modest workstation when the number of blobs in the scene is small.
Microarrays of small molecules embedded in biodegradable polymers for use in mammalian cell-based screens (2004)

We developed a microarray-based system for screening small molecules in mammalian cells. This system is compatible with image-based screens and requires fewer than 100 cells per compound. Each compound is impregnated in a 200-microm-diameter disc composed of biodegradable poly-(D),(L)-lactide/glycolide copolymer. Cells are seeded on top of these discs, and compounds slowly diffuse out, affecting proximal cells. In contrast with microtiter-based screening, this system does not involve the use of wells or walls between each compound-treated group of cells. We demonstrate detection of the effects of a single compound in a large microarray, that diverse compounds can be released in this format, and that extended release over several days is feasible. We performed a small synthetic lethal screen and identified a compound (macbecin II) that has reduced activity in cells with RNA interference-mediated decrease in the expression of tuberous sclerosis 2. Thus, we have developed a microarray-based screening system for testing the effects of small molecules on mammalian cells by using an imaging-based readout. This method will be useful to those performing small-molecule screens to discover new chemical tools and potential therapeutic agents.
Nanomedicine gets clinical (2005)

Anticipation is rising that nanotechnology will bring great advances in diagnosing and treating disease1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. But what is nanomedicine? Agreement on definition challenges even those working in the field. But recently the European Science Foundation's Forward Look on Nanomedicine defined it as “the science and technology of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease and traumatic injury, of relieving pain, and of preserving and improving human health, using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human body”4. Five overlapping subthemes include: (i) analytical techniques and ex vivo diagnostic tools fabricated using nanoscience; (ii) nanoimaging (from subcellular events to diseases in patients); (iii) underpinning chemistry and engineering that is generating nanomaterials and nanodevices; (iv) nanomedicines administered to treat disease, including biologically active therapeutics and drug delivery systems; and (v) translation from bench to clinic, including industrial scale-up, validation and regulation, and evaluation of safety and efficacy.