gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-modal use of an internal clock. (1982)

Four experiments used time-discrimination procedures with rats to ask if light and sound are timed by the same internal clock and if measured durations of light and sound are stored in the same memory. Experiment 1 used a choice procedure and a cross-modal transfer-of-training design. Rats were trained to press one lever after a 1-sec signal, another lever after a 4-sec signal. At first, the signal was light (or sound); when performance was accurate, the signal was changed ot sound (or light). There was transfer of the time discrimination across modalities: To some extent, the rats treated the new signal (sound) as if it were the old signal (light). The rest of the experiments used the peak procedure, which is similar to a discrete-trials fixed-interval procedure. With the peak procedure, response rate reaches a maximum in the middle of the trial; the time of the maximum (peak time) is a measure of the clock and temporal memory. Experiment 2 found that changing the time of food during light (or sound) changed peak time during sound (or light). In Experiments 3 and 4, intervals of light (or sound) were followed by intervals of sound (or light). The interval of light decreased the peak time measured from the start to the interval of sound, whether the two intervals were adjacent (Experiment 3) or separated by 5 sec (Experiment 3). Experiments 1 and 2 suggest that measured durations of light and sound are stored by the same memory; Experiments 3 and 4 suggest that light and sound are timed by the same clock.
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: novel anticancer agents (2000)

In current models of cell cycle control, the transition between different cell cycle states is regulated at checkpoints. Transition through the cell-cycle is induced by a family of protein kinase holoenzymes, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their heterodimeric cyclin partner. Orderly progression through the cell-cycle involves co-ordinated activation of the CDKs, which in the presence of an associated CDK-activating kinase, phosphorylate target substrates including members of the 'pocket protein' family. This family includes the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (the pRb protein) and the related p107 and p130 proteins. Activity of these holoenzymes is regulated by post-translational modification. Phosphorylation of inhibitory sites on a conserved threonine residue within the activation segment is regulated by CDK7/cyclin H, referred to as CDK-activating kinase [1]. In addition, the cdc25 phosphatases activate the CDKs by dephosphorylating their inhibitory tyrosine and threonine phosphorylated residues [2,3]. Among the many roles for endogenous inhibitors (CDKIs), including members of the p21(CIP1/Waf1) family and the p16 family, one role is to regulate cyclin activity. Cellular neoplastic transformation is accompanied by loss of regulation of cell cycle checkpoints in conjunction with aberrant expression of CDKs and/or cyclins and the loss or mutation of the negative regulators (the CDKIs or the pocket protein pRb). One strategy to inhibit malignant cellular proliferation involves inhibiting CDK activity or enhancing function of the CDKI. Novel inhibitors of CDKs showing promise in the clinic include flavopiridol and UCN-01, which show early evidence of human tolerability in clinical trials. This review examines pertinent advances in the field of CDK inhibitors.
Effect of adjuvant-induced arthritis on bone mass in rats and its prevention by non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). (1993)

The effect of two propionic acid derived drugs, ketoprofene and butibufene, on the prevention of osteopenia due to adjuvant-induced anti-inflammatory arthritis, was studied in groups composed of 10 rats each. Another group of 10 rats was treated with a placebo and 20 non-treated rats served as controls. Once arthritis was evoked, propionic acid derived drugs were administered at equivalent doses, in the form of a local cream applied on the foot where arthritis was induced. The placebo group was treated with the cream without propionic acid derivatives. Rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the femurs where arthritis was induced were dissected. Bone densitometry studies were conducted with double energy X-ray on these bones to calculate the bone mass. Bone mass was higher in the group treated with ketoprofene (p < 0.025) than in the butibufene and placebo-treated groups, and these 3 groups showed lower values than the control (p < 0.001). These results suggest that propionic acid derivatives can prevent the osteopenia induced by inflammation and the subsequent lack of limb use, an effect which may be related to its analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, this may serve as a good model for the indirect measurement of the effectiveness of analgesic and/or non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs in experimental animals.
Direct Visualization of Trapped Erythrocytes in Rat Brain after Focal Ischemia and Reperfusion (2002)

Partial microcirculatory stasis after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion is a potential factor in delayed cell death. Sometimes described as the "no-reflow" phenomenon, limitations in current detection techniques have left the extent and spatial distribution of the phenomenon undetermined, which has led to some doubt as to its actual existence. The authors describe a new method, based on erythrocyte autofluorescence, that allows the erythrocytes trapped in the microvasculature, and thus blocking recirculation, to be directly visualized. Using this method, the authors have examined the spatial and temporal characteristics of this phenomenon in the rat intraluminal model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Up to 15% of the capillaries in the ischemic penumbra remained occluded at least 2 hours after reperfusion. The amount of capillary bed showing trapped erythrocytes was more severe in the ischemic penumbra region than in the ischemic core. These results indicate that the no-reflow phenomenon may contribute to the developing damage in ischemic penumbra region, leading to additional injury after reperfusion.
Lane Change Detection With Smartphones: A Steering Wheel-Based Approach (2020)

Lane change is a valuable piece of traffic information. An abnormally high number of lane changes on a road section typically suggests that some lanes are blocked due to traffic incidents. Currently, the lane change information of vehicles on an urban road is typically obtained from over-roadway fixed sensors such as surveillance cameras. However, using fixed sensors has limitations in terms of cost and coverage. It is more effective to collect the lane change information directly from each individual vehicle. In addition, lane changing behavior of a driver can help assess his driving risk. One convenient way to detect a lane change directly from each vehicle is to take advantage of sensors on smart mobile devices such as smartphones. In this paper, we explore a new way to identify a lane change event based on a pattern of steering wheel angles detected by a smartphone. This is distinguishable from all of the existing steering wheel-based lane change detection methods, which need to retrieve the steering wheel angle signal from the On-board Diagnostic (OBD) port of the vehicle via the Controller Area Network-Bus (CAN-Bus). In addition, unlike others, our method does not require a lot of complex features to make an accurate detection. In fact, we demonstrate that a high level of accuracy can already be attained with a single simple feature called rotation span. Results show that the proposed detection method performs very well both in terms of precision and recall.
A 48-Year-Old Man With Recurrent Sinusitis, 1 Year Later (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combination immunotherapy of relapsed or refractory low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with rituximab and interferon-alpha-2a. (2000)

Rituximab and IFN have each demonstrated single-agent activity in patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). A single-arm, multicenter, Phase II trial was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with rituximab and IFN-alpha-2a in 38 patients with relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular, B-cell NHL. IFN-alpha-2a [2.5 or 5 million units (MIU)] was administered s.c., three times weekly for 12 weeks. Starting on the fifth week of treatment, rituximab was administered by i.v. infusion (375 mg/m2) weekly for 4 doses. All 38 patients received four complete infusions of rituximab and were evaluable for efficacy, although 11 patients (29%) did not-receive all 36 injections of IFN. The mean number of IFN-alpha-2a injections was 31 doses; the mean total units received were 141 MIU (maximum, 180 MIU). The study treatment was reasonably well tolerated with no unexpected toxicities stemming from the combination therapy. No grade 4 events were reported. Frequent adverse events during the treatment period included asthenia (35 of 38 patients), chills (31 of 38), fever (30 of 38), headache (28 of 38), nausea (23 of 38), and myalgia (22 of 38). The overall response rate was 45% (17 of 38 patients); 11% had a complete response, and 34% had a partial response. The Kaplan-Meier estimates for the median response duration and the median time to progression in responders are 22.3 and 25.2 months, respectively. Further follow-up is needed to determine whether this treatment combination leads to a significantly longer time to progression than single-agent treatment with rituximab.
Facilitated Lithium Storage in MoS2 Overlayers Supported on Coaxial Carbon Nanotubes (2007)

The discoveries of carbon and inorganic fullerene-like nanotubes with a wide spectra of possible applications have stimulated multi- and interdisciplinary research activities. In this paper, we prepared MoS2 overlayers supported on coaxial carbon nanotubes and investigated lithium storage/release properties in relation to their structural properties. The coaxial nanoarchitecture was successfully synthesized by a designed solution-phase route in the low temperature range, which was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The reversible lithium-storage behaviors involved in the nanoarchitecture were elucidated by means of various techniques including galvanostatic methods, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A thorough investigation of the composition−structure−property relationships of the coaxial nanoarchitecture highlighted the importance of the underlying carbon nanotubes in improving the lithium storage/release properties of the MoS2 sheath through a unique synergy at the nanoscale. This work should be notably significant for the design of new multifunctional nanoarchitectures by the wet-chemistry process, applicable for energy conversion and storage of the future.
Multicast routing extensions for OSPF (1994)

article Free Access Share on Multicast routing extensions for OSPF Author: John Moy Proteon, Inc., Westborough, MA Proteon, Inc., Westborough, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 8Aug. 1994 pp 61–ff.https://doi.org/10.1145/179606.179654Published:01 August 1994Publication History 226citation762DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations226Total Downloads762Last 12 Months21Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Recent development and potential use of µ‐ and κ‐opioid receptor ligands in positron emission tomography studies (2006)

Abstract Quantitative non‐invasive imaging of target structures in the human central nervous system provided by positron emission tomography (PET) permits investigation of the relationship between molecular events and pharmacological effects in living humans. Due to their prominent role in opiate and stimulant drug misuse and dependence, as well as in nociceptive signaling, µ‐ and κ‐opioid receptors are potential targets for advances in neuro(psycho)pharmacological treatment of these illnesses and syndromes. In this review, we describe recent developments in specific positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals for these opioid receptor subclasses. Implications for further advances and clinical applications of the labeled ligands are discussed. Drug Dev. Res. 67:890–904, 2006. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanosensitivity is mediated directly by the lipid membrane in TRAAK and TREK1 K + channels (2014)

Mechanosensitive ion channels underlie neuronal responses to physical forces in the sensation of touch, hearing, and other mechanical stimuli. The fundamental basis of force transduction in eukaryotic mechanosensitive ion channels is unknown. Are mechanical forces transmitted directly from membrane to channel as in prokaryotic mechanosensors or are they mediated through macromolecular tethers attached to the channel? Here we show in cells that the K(+) channel TRAAK (K2P4.1) is responsive to mechanical forces similar to the ion channel Piezo1 and that mechanical activation of TRAAK can electrically counter Piezo1 activation. We then show that the biophysical origins of force transduction in TRAAK and TREK1 (K2P2.1) two-pore domain K(+) (K2P) channels come from the lipid membrane, not from attached tethers. These findings extend the "force-from-lipid" principle established for prokaryotic mechanosensitive channels MscL and MscS to these eukaryotic mechanosensitive K(+) channels.
Ladder sequencing (2000)

Ladder sequencing of polypeptides involves progressive N- or C-terminal amino acid truncation via chemical or enzymatic treatments. Peptide ladders are generated in which each component differs from the next by one residue. The ladder components are analyzed by mass spectrometry, and the amino acid sequence is deduced from the mass differences between consecutive fragments. Chemical procedures are common in N-terminal degradation, whereas proteolytic digestion is often used in C-terminal sequence analysis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry is widespread for one-step readout of the peptide ladders and provides high sensitivity in combination with robustness and ease of use. The particular advantage of ladder sequencing in relation to other techniques for sequence analysis is the high data acquisition rate and the very good sample throughput that can be achieved. Multiple determinations are carried out within minutes at high sensitivity and low sample consumption. Several reports demonstrate analysis at the low picomole to femtomole level.
Activation and Cleavage of Caspase-3 in Apoptosis Induced by Experimental Cerebral Ischemia (1998)

We examined the expression, activation, and cellular localization of caspase-3 (CPP32) using immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, and cleavage of the fluorogenic substrate N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin (zDEVD-afc) in adult mouse brain after temporary (2 hr) middle cerebral artery occlusion produced by filament insertion into the carotid artery. Immunoreactive caspase-3p32 but not its cleavage product caspase-3p20 was constitutively expressed in neurons throughout brain and was most prominent in neuronal perikarya within piriform cortex. Caspase-like enzyme activity was elevated in brain homogenate 0-3 hr after reperfusion and reached a peak within 30 to 60 min. Caspase-3p20 immunoreactivity became prominent in neuronal perikarya within the middle cerebral artery territory at the time of reperfusion and on immunoblots 1-12 hr later. DNA laddering (agarose gels) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-stained cells were detected 6-24 hr after reperfusion. At 12-24 hr, immunoreactive p20 was visualized in TUNEL-positive cells, a finding also observed in apoptotic mouse cerebellar granule cells on postnatal day 5. Together, these observations suggest the existence of a time-dependent evolution of ischemic injury characterized by the close correspondence between caspase-like enzyme activation and an associated increase in immunoreactive product (caspase-3p20) beginning at or before reperfusion and followed several hours later by morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis.
Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA, RNA Editing, and Interferon Action (2010)

Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze adenosine (A) to inosine (I) editing of RNA that possesses double-stranded (ds) structure. A-to-I RNA editing results in nucleotide substitution, because I is recognized as G instead of A both by ribosomes and by RNA polymerases. A-to-I substitution can also cause dsRNA destabilization, as I:U mismatch base pairs are less stable than A:U base pairs. Three mammalian ADAR genes are known, of which two encode active deaminases (ADAR1 and ADAR2). Alternative promoters together with alternative splicing give rise to two protein size forms of ADAR1: an interferon-inducible ADAR1-p150 deaminase that binds dsRNA and Z-DNA, and a constitutively expressed ADAR1-p110 deaminase. ADAR2, like ADAR1-p110, is constitutively expressed and binds dsRNA. A-to-I editing occurs with both viral and cellular RNAs, and affects a broad range of biological processes. These include virus growth and persistence, apoptosis and embryogenesis, neurotransmitter receptor and ion channel function, pancreatic cell function, and post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs. Biochemical processes that provide a framework for understanding the physiologic changes following ADAR-catalyzed A-to-I ( = G) editing events include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA-structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions.
Predictive digital current programmed control (2003)

This paper explores predictive digital current programmed control for valley, peak or average current. The control laws are derived for the three basic converters: buck, boost, and buck-boost. It is found that for each variable of interest (valley, peak or average current) there is a choice of the appropriate pulse-width modulation method to achieve predictive digital current control without oscillation problems. The proposed digital control techniques can be used in a range of power conversion applications, including rectifiers with power factor correction (PFC). Very low current distortion meeting strict avionics requirements (400-800 Hz line frequency) is experimentally demonstrated on a digitally controlled boost PFC employing predictive average current programmed control.
Aspect-augmented Adversarial Networks for Domain Adaptation (2017)

We introduce a neural method for transfer learning between two (source and target) classification tasks or aspects over the same domain. Rather than training on target labels, we use a few keywords pertaining to source and target aspects indicating sentence relevance instead of document class labels. Documents are encoded by learning to embed and softly select relevant sentences in an aspect-dependent manner. A shared classifier is trained on the source encoded documents and labels, and applied to target encoded documents. We ensure transfer through aspect-adversarial training so that encoded documents are, as sets, aspect-invariant. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms different baselines and model variants on two datasets, yielding an improvement of 27% on a pathology dataset and 5% on a review dataset.
Phase stability, electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity of the Li10±1MP2X12(M = Ge, Si, Sn, Al or P, and X = O, S or Se) family of superionic conductors (2012)

We present an investigation of the phase stability, electrochemical stability and Li+ conductivity of the Li10±1MP2X12 (M = Ge, Si, Sn, Al or P, and X = O, S or Se) family of superionic conductors using first principles calculations. The Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) superionic conductor has the highest Li+ conductivity reported to date, with excellent electrochemical performance demonstrated in a Li-ion rechargeable battery. Our results show that isovalent cation substitutions of Ge4+ have a small effect on the relevant intrinsic properties, with Li10SiP2S12 and Li10SnP2S12 having similar phase stability, electrochemical stability and Li+ conductivity as LGPS. Aliovalent cation substitutions (M = Al or P) with compensating changes in the Li+ concentration also have a small effect on the Li+ conductivity in this structure. Anion substitutions, however, have a much larger effect on these properties. The oxygen-substituted Li10MP2O12 compounds are predicted not to be stable (with equilibrium decomposition energies >90 meV per atom) and have much lower Li+ conductivities than their sulfide counterparts. The selenium-substituted Li10MP2Se12 compounds, on the other hand, show a marginal improvement in conductivity, but at the expense of reduced electrochemical stability. We also studied the effect of lattice parameter changes on the Li+ conductivity and found the same asymmetry in behavior between increases and decreases in the lattice parameters, i.e., decreases in the lattice parameters lower the Li+ conductivity significantly, while increases in the lattice parameters increase the Li+ conductivity only marginally. Based on these results, we conclude that the size of the S2− is near optimal for Li+ conduction in this structural framework.
A functional database for guidance of surgical and therapeutic procedures in the deep brain (2002)

Current techniques for stereotactic neurosurgery of the deep brain require identification of targets by preoperative image localization. These structures are also surrounded by critical brain areas which must not be damaged by the surgical procedure. We have designed and implemented a searchable and expandable database of functional organization for the sensorimotor thalamus, internal capsule, and internal pallidum from a population of over 70 patients. Data were obtained through microcellular recording, microstimulation, and macrostimulation mapping performed during stereotaetic thalamotomies and pallidotomies. These data may be in turn registered to a patient 3D MRI within our image guided visualization platform. This functional database, provides a visual representation of functional organization in the deep brain, facilitating physiological exploration and preoperative planning.