gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Enhancement of Dengue Virus Infection in Rhesus Monkeys by Passively Transferred Antibody (1979)

Five pairs of juvenile, dengue virus-susceptible rhesus monkeys were given normal or dengue-immune human cord-blood serum injected intravenously to a final dilution of 1:300. The pool of immune human cord-blood serum had a titer of antibody to dengue type 2 virus (D2V) of 1:140 in the plaque-reduction neutralization test and a titer of human monocyte infection enhancement of greater than 1:2,000,000. Fifteen minutes after inoculation of serum, animals were infected with D2V (strain no. 16681). Daily titers of viremia were always higher in the animals that had received antiserum to D2V than in animals that had received normal cord-blood serum. Ratios of infection enhancement ranged from 2.7 to 51.4. The demonstration of antibody dependence of dengue virus infection in subhuman primates--a complex, outbred experimental host--supports the hypothesis that the severity of dengue in humans is regulated by antibody.
Is Spinal Cord Stimulation an Effective Treatment Option for Discogenic Pain? (2011)

The current study indicates that SCS may provide effective pain relief, improve disability, and reduce opioid usage in patients with discogenic pain.
Graph Theory with Applications (1976)

(1977). Graph Theory with Applications. Journal of the Operational Research Society: Vol. 28, Volume 28, issue 1, pp. 237-238.
Advanced encryption system with dynamic pipeline reconfiguration for minimum energy operation (2015)

Power dissipation is a major concern in sub-nanometer IC designs with technology scaling pushing towards higher clock frequencies. Techniques such as dynamic voltage (and frequency) scaling (DVS) to minimize power while providing good throughput have become commonplace. This paper presents a fully pipelined 256-bit key advanced encryption system (AES) design implemented with power-saving pulse-clocked latches as pipeline flip-flops that supports pipeline collapse, whereby pipeline stages can be unified by making stage latches transparent. The design is fabricated on a foundry 90-nm low standby power process. Measured results show the design is capable of 64 Gb/s encryption, limited by the I/O speed. A 7.6% decrease in the energy per operation beyond DVS power reduction using pipeline stage unification (PSU) is obtained.
Dual, HLA-B27 Subtype-dependent Conformation of a Self-peptide (2004)

The products of the human leukocyte antigen subtypes HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2709 differ only in residue 116 (Asp vs. His) within the peptide binding groove but are differentially associated with the autoimmune disease ankylosing spondylitis (AS); HLA-B*2705 occurs in AS-patients, whereas HLA-B*2709 does not. The subtypes also generate differential T cell repertoires as exemplified by distinct T cell responses against the self-peptide pVIPR (RRKWRRWHL). The crystal structures described here show that pVIPR binds in an unprecedented dual conformation only to HLA-B*2705 molecules. In one binding mode, peptide pArg5 forms a salt bridge to Asp116, connected with drastically different interactions between peptide and heavy chain, contrasting with the second, conventional conformation, which is exclusively found in the case of B*2709. These subtype-dependent differences in pVIPR binding link the emergence of dissimilar T cell repertoires in individuals with HLA-B*2705 or HLA-B*2709 to the buried Asp116/His116 polymorphism and provide novel insights into peptide presentation by major histocompatibility antigens.
A new rectangular waveguide to coplanar waveguide transition (2002)

A novel rectangular-waveguide-to-coplanar-waveguide transition is described. The transition uses a ridge in one of the broad walls of the waveguide and a nonradiating slot in the opposite wall to split and rotate the electromagnetic fields of the rectangular waveguide TE/sub 10/ mode into the coplanar waveguide (CPW) fields. This transition should permit the use of CPW-based circuits in the millimeter-wave frequency range and the development of microwave probes above 50 GHz for fast and inexpensive testing of the millimeter-wave circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Methodology for Multilateral Wells Optimization - Field Case Study (2016)

Abstract During the recent decades, a significant number of multi-laterals wells with smart completions controlled by different flow control technologies has been installed worldwide. This case study is based on a reservoir developed completely with multi-lateral wells. Each well is completed with three to seven laterals with different flow control technologies. The study covers an analytical methodology and a multiphase flow model to optimize production that has multi-lateral wells equipped with flow control devices. Optimizing the complexity of this system, and understanding the contribution of each lateral during commingled production, has become a challenging process and is the main objective of this study. A multi-lateral well modelling process was developed to obtain a representative model, which can predict accurate results under different operational conditions. The paper also covers a well test procedure, which is essential to guarantee the good quality of the data and ensure representative results. This methodology covers two main factors affecting multi-lateral productivity, which are a flow dependent gas-oil ratio (GOR) rate and interference between the laterals. The multilateral production optimization process was developed successfully to represent the operational conditions and optimize the well for different scenarios based on their specific reservoir management strategy. This model was extended successfully from a single to a multi-well model, including their actual surface facility network. The model will be considered in future production strategy plans.
A Sweet Way to Keep Proteins Safe (1998)

BIOCHEMISTRYA strategy used by plants and insects to wrap proteins in a protective sugar cocoon is poised to move from lab bench to marketplace. Drug developers are wielding these glassy shields to protect fragile protein drugs from the harsh world until they are absorbed by the bloodstream, such as inhalable insulin, calcitonin for osteoporosis, and a-1-antitrypsin for emphysema. Other researchers hope to develop sugar-encased drugs and nutritional supplements for countries that have scant means for refrigerating and transporting fragile proteins.
Hormone-free mouse glucocorticoid receptors overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells are localized to the nucleus and are associated with both hsp70 and hsp90 (1990)

In this work, we examine the cellular localization and protein interactions of mouse glucocorticoid receptors that have been overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (Hirst, M. A., Northrop, J. P., Danielsen, M., and Ringold, G. M. (1990) Mol. Endocrinol. 4, 162-170). We demonstrate that wild-type unliganded mouse glucocorticoid receptor, which is expressed in CHO cells to a level approximately 10 times that of L cells, is localized entirely to the nucleus by indirect immunofluorescence with the BuGR antireceptor monoclonal antibody. Overexpressed receptors that have either no hormone binding activity or no DNA binding activity because of point mutations also localize to the nucleus, providing genetic proof that the nuclear localization cannot reflect a steroid-mediated shift of the receptor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and that DNA binding activity is not required for nuclear localization. Like unliganded progesterone receptors, which also associate in a loosely bound "docking" complex with the nucleus, the mouse glucocorticoid receptor overexpressed in CHO cells is associated with both hsp90 and hsp70. This is in contrast to the untransformed mouse glucocorticoid receptor in L cell cytosol, which is associated with hsp90 but not hsp70. The difference in hsp70 association between cell types could reflect overexpression of the receptor in CHO cells. However, like receptors in CHO cells selected for very high levels of overexpression, receptors in CHO cells selected for an intermediate level of receptor expression that is comparable to that of L cells are also bound to hsp70. This observation argues against an explanation of hsp70 association based purely on receptor overexpression, and we speculate that association of the unliganded glucocorticoid receptor with hsp70 might be a consequence of its nuclear localization in the CHO cells. Although there are differences between the mouse receptor in CHO cells and L cells, the nuclear localization signal of the untransformed mouse receptor reacts equivalently with the AP64 antibody against NL1 in cytosols prepared from both cell types.
Deceit: a flexible distributed file system (2002)

Deceit, a distributed file system that provides flexibility in the fault-tolerance and availability of files, is described. Deceit provides many capabilities to the user: file replication with concurrent reads and writes, a range of update propagation strategies, automatic disk load balancing and the ability to have multiple versions of a file. Deceit provides Sun Network File Server (NFS) protocol compatibility; no change in NFS client software is necessary in order to use Deceit. The purpose of Deceit is to replace large collections of NFS servers. NFS suffers from several problems in an environment where most clients mount most servers. First, if any one server crashes, clients will block or fail when they try to access that server, and, as the number of servers increases, this problem becomes more likely. Second, servers have a (roughly) fixed capacity, yet it is difficult to move files from one NFS server to another without disrupting clients. Third, replicating a file to increase its availability must be managed by the user. Deceit addresses these three problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Insight into hepatocellular carcinogenesis at transcriptome level by comparing gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma with those of corresponding noncancerous liver (2001)

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In this work, we report on a comprehensive characterization of gene expression profiles of hepatitis B virus-positive HCC through the generation of a large set of 5'-read expressed sequence tag (EST) clusters (11,065 in total) from HCC and noncancerous liver samples, which then were applied to a cDNA microarray system containing 12,393 genes/ESTs and to comparison with a public database. The commercial cDNA microarray, which contains 1,176 known genes related to oncogenesis, was used also for profiling gene expression. Integrated data from the above approaches identified 2,253 genes/ESTs as candidates with differential expression. A number of genes related to oncogenesis and hepatic function/differentiation were selected for further semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis in 29 paired HCC/noncancerous liver samples. Many genes involved in cell cycle regulation such as cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, and cell cycle negative regulators were deregulated in most patients with HCC. Aberrant expression of the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway and enzymes for DNA replication also could contribute to the pathogenesis of HCC. The alteration of transcription levels was noted in a large number of genes implicated in metabolism, whereas a profile change of others might represent a status of dedifferentiation of the malignant hepatocytes, both considered as potential markers of diagnostic value. Notably, the altered transcriptome profiles in HCC could be correlated to a number of chromosome regions with amplification or loss of heterozygosity, providing one of the underlying causes of the transcription anomaly of HCC.
Comparison of enterotoxin production, cytotoxin production, serogrouping, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile strains isolated from AIDS and human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients (1993)

We analyzed and compared Clostridium difficile strains isolated from diarrheic stools of 49 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and 50 AIDS patients. Our results suggest that distribution patterns of serogroups are different in these two populations. Serogroup C (which has been previously reported to be very resistant to antimicrobial agents) represents 66.0 and 18.4% of the isolates from AIDS and HIV-negative patients, respectively (P < 0.001); the selection of serogroup C could be explained by multiple antibiotic pressure to which AIDS patients have been subjected.
Pyruvate inhibits growth of mammary adenocarcinoma 13762 in rats. (1994)

The growth of implanted mammary adenocarcinoma 13762 was measured in rats consuming a liquid diet (35% fat, 18% protein, 47% carbohydrate) supplemented with pyruvate (37.3 g/liter; n = 13) or maltose-dextrin (placebo; n = 13) for 21 days. Mean tumor diameter, measured on day 11, 14, 18, and 21 subsequent to tumor implantation, was 41, 32, 21, and 19% smaller in the pyruvate group (P < 0.05). When euthanized, tumor weight was also smaller in the pyruvate group: pyruvate = 15.0 +/- 2.3 (SEM) g; placebo = 24.9 +/- 3.2 g, P < 0.05. Visual inspection of organs suggested decreased lung metastases with pyruvate feeding (P < 0.05). Upon microscopic evaluation of organs, hepatic tumor was found only in the placebo group. We conclude that pyruvate inhibits implanted tumor growth in rats.
Development of a visual object localization module for mobile robots (2003)

Reports preliminary results from the design and implementation of a visual object localization module for mobile robots. The module takes an object-based approach to visual processing and relies on a preprocessing step that segments objects from the image. By tracking the size and the eccentricity of the objects in the image while the robot is moving, the visual object localization module can determine the position of objects relative to the robot using the displacement obtained from its odometry. In localizing the objects, the module is designed to combine the results of two different techniques. The visual looming technique measures the distance to an object using the change in the size of the object on the image plane. This technique is to be complemented by a variant of the triangulation technique that can locate an object using the eccentricity of the object when viewed from two different points. The module-with the preprocessing algorithm-is being implemented to run in real-time on a mobile robot. Evaluation of the visual localization module is being done in an integrated system introduced in the article. The integrated system creates an environment for real-time evaluation of the module as well as other mapping and navigation algorithms for mobile robots.
Buccal mucosa as a route for systemic drug delivery: a review. (2000)

Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. It is the objective of this article to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and the experimental methods used in assessing buccal drug permeation/absorption. Buccal dosage forms will also be reviewed with an emphasis on bioadhesive polymeric based delivery systems
Syntheses of quadruply two- and three-atom, aza-bridged, cofacial bis(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of quadruply two- and three-atom, aza-bridged, cofacial bis(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins)Brett C. Bookser and Thomas C. BruiceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 11, 4208–4218Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00011a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00011a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1438Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
In vitro interactions between different beta-lactam antibiotics and fosfomycin against bloodstream isolates of enterococci (1995)

The effects of 16 different beta-lactam-fosfomycin combinations against 50 bloodstream enterococci were compared by a disk diffusion technique. Cefotaxime exhibited the best interaction. By checkerboard studies, the cefotaxime-fosfomycin combination provided a synergistic bacteriostatic effect against 45 of the 50 isolates (MIC of cefotaxime at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited, >2,048 micrograms/ml; MIC of fosfomycin at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited, 128 micrograms/ml; mean of fractional inhibitory concentration indexes, 0.195). By killing curves, cefotaxime (at 64 micrograms/ml) combined with fosfomycin (at > or = 64 micrograms/ml) was bactericidal against 6 of 10 strains tested.
HIV Type 1 gp120–Induced Expansion of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Is Dependent on Interleukin 6 and Suppresses Immunity (2013)

These findings demonstrate that HIV gp120 induces IL-6 and MDSC expansion, which contributes to immune suppression by modulating cytokine and cellular responses.
Analysis of the regulatory region of the lysC gene of Escherichia coli (1998)

A lysC–lac′ Z fusion plasmid was constructed to study the regulatory region of the lysC gene. Analysis by deletion mutations confirmed the existence of an alternative promoter, P2, located upstream of the previously identified promoter, P1. The transcription start site of promoter P2 was located 85 base pairs upstream the transcription start site of promoter P1. Both promoters are regulated by lysine.
Flatness and defect of non-linear systems: introductory theory and examples (1995)

Abstract We introduce flat systems, which are equivalent to linear ones via a special type of feedback called endogenous. Their physical properties are subsumed by a linearizing output and they might be regarded as providing another nonlinear extension of Kalman's controllability. The distance to flatness is measured by a non-negative integer, the defect. We utilize differential algebra where flatness- and defect are best defined without distinguishing between input, state, output and other variables. Many realistic classes of examples are flat. We treat two popular ones: the crane and the car with n trailers, the motion planning of which is obtained via elementary properties of plane curves. The three non-flat examples, the simple, double and variable length pendulums, are borrowed from non-linear physics. A high frequency control strategy is proposed such that the averaged systems become flat.
Dysmotility of the small intestine in irritable bowel syndrome. (1988)

Though the pathophysiology of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is commonly attributed to dysfunction of the large intestine, evidence exists to incriminate the small bowel. In order to further explore the role of the small bowel in IBS several stimuli were applied, in an attempt to unmask the dysmotility of the jejunum and ileum. These included infusions of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-OP), a high fat meal, neostigmine and balloon distension of the ileum. Three groups (n = 8) each of age and sex matched healthy volunteers were studied; patients with IBS complained of predominant constipation (n = 8) or diarrhoea (n = 8). Patients with IBS responded excessively to stimulation by CCK-OP, fatty meal, and ileal distension. In general patients with diarrhoea were more sensitive to stimuli than those with constipation. The ileum responded more to stimulation than the jejunum. As in the large bowel, stimuli appear to unmask intestinal dysmotility in patients with IBS. Motor abnormalities were often accompanied by abdominal symptoms, raising the possibility that dysfunction of the small bowel contributes to the symptoms of IBS.
Effect of Constant and Intermittent Vagal Stimulation on the Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Rabbits. (2000)

To examine whether the high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability (HRV) reflects fluctuation or tonic level of vagal outflow, we investigated the effects of vagal efferent nerve stimulation (VS) on the heart rate and HRV in anesthetized open-chest rabbit under artificial respiration at a rate of 52 breaths/min (0.86 Hz). A power spectral analysis was performed at baseline and during VS (stimuli at 2 ms, 1-10 V and 5-25 Hz). VS was applied using two different patterns. The first was constant VS; continuous stimulation at graded frequency or voltage to simulate changes in the level of vagal "tone." The second pattern was intermittent VS; stimulation at 0.5 Hz of on-off cycle to simulate fluctuations in vagal efferent activity. The power spectrum at baseline showed a single narrow component at 0.86 Hz, identical to respiration rate. Both the constant and intermittent VS prolonged RR interval. The amplitude of the component at 0.86 Hz remained unaffected by either the constant or intermittent VS, whereas the latter evoked a distinct narrow component at 0.5 Hz, reflecting the on-off cycle of intermittent VS. Our results suggest that the HF component of the power spectrum of HRV measures the magnitude of fluctuations of vagal input associated with respiratory modulation.
Recombinant 25‐kDa CD23 and interleukin 1α promote the survival of germinal center B cells: evidence for bifurcation in the development of centrocytes rescued from apoptosis (1991)

Germinal centers contain a proliferating pool of centroblasts which give rise to non-dividing centrocyte. Centrocytes are programmed to die by apoptosis unless they receive a positive signal for rescue. Rescue, in vivo, is likely to be dependent, initially, on interaction with antigen held on follicular dendritic cells (FDC). A subset of FDC located in that part of the germinal center furthest from centroblasts is particularly rich in CD23. Supernatants containing high levels of soluble CD23 were found not only to encourage the survival of germinal center B cells but also to promote their differentiation toward a plasmacytoid morphology; these activities were diminished following removal of CD23 from the supernatants. Recombinant 25-kDa CD23 was initially found to be incapable of providing the signal for germinal center cell development but on the addition of interleukin 1 alpha which, by itself, was inactive, rescue and differentiation of germinal center B cells were now achieved. Apoptosis in germinal center cells could also be prevented by the ligation of surface CD40 with monoclonal antibody: however, rescue via this pathway was not accompanied by plasmacytoid differentiation. These findings provide a functional rationale to the high level expression of CD23 found within a discrete subset of FDC and indicate a bifurcation in the development of germinal center B cells following their rescue from apoptosis.