gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organic materials for electronic and optoelectronic devices (2000)

This article concentrates on our recent results on several classes of photo- and electro-active organic materials that permit thin film formation and discusses their synthesis, properties, functions and potential applications for electronic and optoelectronic devices. The materials studied include amorphous molecular materials, titanyl phthalocyanine, oligothiophenes with well-defined structures, and non-conjugated polymers containing pendant oligothiophenes or other π-electron systems. The thin films of these materials find potential applications for use in organic electroluminescent, photovoltaic, electrochromic, and other devices.
Parameterization of the optical functions of amorphous materials in the interband region (1996)

A parameterization of the optical functions of amorphous semiconductors and insulators is presented in which the imaginary part of the dielectric function ε2 is determined by multiplying the Tauc joint density of states by the ε2 obtained from the Lorentz oscillator model. The real part of the dielectric function ε1 is calculated from ε2 using Kramers–Kronig integration. The parameters of this model are fit to n and k data for amorphous Si (2 data sets), SiO, As2S3, and Si3N4. Comparative fits are made with a similar parameterization presented earlier by Forouhi and Bloomer [Phys. Rev. B 34, 7018 (1986)]. In all cases, the new parameterization fits the data better.
Characterization of sialosylated Lewisx as a new tumor-associated antigen. (1984)

A monoclonal antibody CSLEX1 which reacts with sialosyl Lex but not with sialosyl Lea has been produced. The CSLEX1 antigen has a tissue distribution similar to that of Lex, appearing characteristically in the proximal tubules of the kidney and on granulocytes. It is tumor associated in that 14 of 34 (41%) of tumor lines tested reacted with the CSLEX1 antibody, and 50 of 74 (68%) of tumor tissues tested reacted with the antibody. Loss of immunoperoxidase staining of tissues after neuraminidase treatment showed that the antibody is reacting to sialyl derivatives. The antibody reacted in solid-phase radioimmunoassay to sialosyllactofucopentaosyl(III)ceramide and sialosyldifucosylganglioside (6B). These results indicate that the CSLEX1 epitope has the following structure: (formula: see text) This structure had not previously been known to be tumor associated.
Carbon Dioxide Laser Beam Control for Corneal Surgery (1981)

SUMMARY Precise control of output power and beam divergence of a CO2 laser resulted in focused beam diameters down to 25 microns and essentially continuous control of energy deposition on target. Application of controlled laser beams on cow, hog, and human eye-bank reject corneal tissue gave evidence of well-defined, narrow cuts. The controllable penetration depth and width of the CO2 laser incisions seem to make the laser an ideal "knife" for such corneal modifications as radial keratotomy and epikeratophakia. Our results indicate that the CO2 laser, when successfully integrated with the standard slit lamp, may be a safe and useful tool in laser surgery of the cornea.
Evidence for locus heterogeneity in the Bethlem myopathy and linkage to 2q37 (1996)

The Bethlem myopathy, a childhood onset autosomal dominant myopathy with joint contractures, has recently been localized to 21q in a series of Dutch families and the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of type VI collagen (COL6A1 and COL6A2) have been postulated as candidate genes. We investigate a large family of French Canadian descent (family 1489) in which the Bethlem myopathy is segregating. Family 1489 is unlinked to the region of interest on 21q, thus demonstrating locus heterogeneity within the Bethlem myopathy classification. In view of the localization of the genes coding the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of type VI collagen on chromosome 21q, we carried out linkage analysis on chromosome 2q where the alpha 3 subunit of type VI collagen has been localized. We demonstrate linkage to markers in this region, define the region of disease gene localization, and confirm by FISH analysis that COL6A3 is located within the interval of interest making COL6A3 a feasible candidate gene for the Bethlem myopathy.
Rifampicin reduces effectiveness and bioavailability of prednisolone. (1983)

Rifampicin is an inducer of hepatic drug metabolising enzymes. This results in interactions with several drugs including oral anticoagulants, hypoglycaemics, and contraceptives. Concurrent treatment with prednisolone and rifampicin is given when tuberculosis coexists with a disease that is sensitive to steroids, when the diagnosis is uncertain, or occasionally in the treatment of severe tuberculosis. Two patients with respiratory disease were treated with both drugs: their condition improved considerably after rifampicin was withdrawn. Seven patients were then studied to assess the effect of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone. Overall, rifampicin increased the plasma clearance of prednisolone by 45% and reduced the amount of drug available to the tissues (area under the plasma concentration time curve) by 66%. The effectiveness of prednisolone may be considerably reduced when rifampicin and prednisolone are used in combination.
Metal-mediated addition of carbon dioxide to the activated benzene in [Cr(.eta.4-C6H6)(CO)3]2- (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-mediated addition of carbon dioxide to the activated benzene in [Cr(.eta.4-C6H6)(CO)3]2-Joseph A. Corella II and N. John CooperCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 7, 2832–2834Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00163a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00163a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Examination of structurally selective derivatization of vitamin D3analogues by electrospray mass spectrometry (2001)

The structural specificity of vitamin D derivatization by PTAD (4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione) was probed using synthetic analogues and ion trap mass spectrometry. EB 1089, a vitamin D(3) analogue which contains a second site for Diels--Alder cycloaddition on its side-chain, allowed the examination of derivatization modes and comparisons of ion fragment structures. The origins of a PTAD-vitamin D(3) ion fragment, commonly used in metabolite characterization and quantitation of vitamin D(3) analogues (m/z 314), were established; ion trap mass spectrometry revealed that the PTAD comprises a portion of this diagnostic fragment, and is not lost by a retro-Diels--Alder step. Furthermore, the unique structure of the EB 1089 side-chain also permits facile determination of its side-chain metabolism. Use of PTAD derivatization and detection of metabolite-specific ion fragments identify hydroxylation at the end of the EB 1089 sidechain. It is believed that the results from these studies provide a clearer understanding of the mass spectrometry of triazolinedione derivatives, not only in the specific case of EB 1089, but also in their application to other vitamin D compounds.
Pharmacokinetic and therapeutic activity of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly-L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose [poly(I,C)-LC]. (1985)

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly-L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose [poly(I,C)-LC] significantly augmented natural killer (NK) cell activity in several tissues. Macrophage (M phi) tumoricidal activity was also markedly increased. Both effector cells were active for 9 days. Poly(I,C)-LC also increased effector cell response in vitro. Injections of poly(I,C)-LC resulted in elevated effector cell responses in four of five routes tested. Treatment with poly(I,C)-LC led to an earlier reconstitution of bone marrow cells, NK cell activity, and M phi effector cell activity in mice pretreated with cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Combined treatment of MBL-2 tumor cells with cytoreductive chemotherapy and poly(I,C)-LC resulted in an enhanced therapeutic response.
Translational Rational for the Clinical Development of OTX-008: A Novel Drug That Inhibits Galectin-1 Expression in Human Cancer Models (2012)

OTX-008 (a.k.a. PTX-008 and calixarene 0118, see Chapter 3) is a first-in-class novel anticancer drug that binds to galectin-1 and reduces galectin-1 expression in cancer cells. Evidences suggest that OTX-008 inhibits cellular proliferation and reduces tumor angiogenesis in several human carcinoma models. Data were provided during the last 10 years that galectin-1 might play an important role in human tumors and, thus, galectin-1 inhibition with OTX-008 warranted to be evaluated in patients with advanced malignancies. Based on its safe toxicology profile, OTX-008 is currently tested in a Phase 1 clinical trial in Europe.
An Address System in the Vasculature of Normal Tissues and Tumors (2000)

The vasculature of individual tissues is highly specialized. The endothelium in lymphoid tissues expresses tissue-specific receptors for lymphocyte homing, and recent work utilizing phage homing has revealed an unprecedented degree of specialization in the vasculature of other normal tissues. In vivo screening of libraries of phage that displace random peptide sequences on their surfaces has yielded specific homing peptides for a large number of normal tissues. The tissue-specific endothelial molecules to which the phage peptides home may serve as receptors for metastasizing malignant cells. Probing of tumor vasculature has yielded peptides that home to endothelial receptors expressed selectively in angiogenic neovasculature. These receptors, and those specific for the vasculature of individual normal tissues, are likely to be useful in targeting therapies to specific sites.
Viral mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor I blocks the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle function (1998)

During the aging process, mammals lose up to a third of their skeletal muscle mass and strength. Although the mechanisms underlying this loss are not entirely understood, we attempted to moderate the loss by increasing the regenerative capacity of muscle. This involved the injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus directing overexpression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in differentiated muscle fibers. We demonstrate that the IGF-I expression promotes an average increase of 15% in muscle mass and a 14% increase in strength in young adult mice, and remarkably, prevents aging-related muscle changes in old adult mice, resulting in a 27% increase in strength as compared with uninjected old muscles. Muscle mass and fiber type distributions were maintained at levels similar to those in young adults. We propose that these effects are primarily due to stimulation of muscle regeneration via the activation of satellite cells by IGF-I. This supports the hypothesis that the primary cause of aging-related impairment of muscle function is a cumulative failure to repair damage sustained during muscle utilization. Our results suggest that gene transfer of IGF-I into muscle could form the basis of a human gene therapy for preventing the loss of muscle function associated with aging and may be of benefit in diseases where the rate of damage to skeletal muscle is accelerated.
Isolation and analysis of restriction endonuclease digestive patterns of chromosomal DNA from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and other Mycobacterium species (1987)

A relatively rapid and efficient method for the extraction of chromosomal DNA from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and other mycobacteria was developed. Approximately 25 to 50 micrograms of DNA could be extracted from 100 mg (wet weight) of cells, which was sufficient to perform several restriction endonuclease analyses from a single preparation. The DNA from five Mycobacterium species, including four strains of M. paratuberculosis and four strains of M. avium, was analyzed by this method. Digestion with the restriction endonucleases BstEII and PstI yielded the most definitive restriction patterns. For some strains, the restriction endonuclease analysis results were in agreement with the current identification of these organisms. The two strains of M. avium serotype 2 had identical fragment patterns. Similarly, the two strains of M. avium complex serotype 6 had identical fragment patterns. The three mycobactin-dependent M. paratuberculosis strains were very similar, whereas the mycobactin-independent M. paratuberculosis strain was more similar to the M. avium serotype 2 strains. Although many more cultures would need to be evaluated to determine correct groupings, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of restriction enzyme analysis for the differentiation of slowly growing mycobacteria.
Impact of glycosylation on the effect of cytokines. A special focus on oncology. (2003)

The clinical use of cytokines is largely confined to the field of cancer treatment. Industrial procedures for the preparation of cytokines may or may not affect the glycosylation status of several cytokines. The glycosylation of cytokines may be of importance for the accomplishment of their biological functions, including their biological stability, their interaction with specific receptors and their pharmacokinetic behavior. The purpose of this review is thus to describe and discuss the role of cytokine glycosylation, based on experimental data, and with the clinical perspective on oncology. There is no general rule governing the effects induced by the presence of glycosylation on cytokine activity. Among different cytokines concerned by glycosylation status, data concerning G-CSF are sufficient to translate experimental findings into clinical evidence. For this cytokine, glycosylation confers advantages for both stability and biological activity. Although at weight equivalence, the glycosylated form confers greater biological activity than the non-glycosylated form, clinical studies have demonstrated that efficacy remains the same when glycosylated and non-glycosylated G-CSF are prescribed at bioequivalent doses.
Dopamine D2 Receptors in Signal Transduction and Behavior (1997)

The dopamine D2 receptor belongs to the family of seven transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptors and is highly expressed in the central nervous system and the pituitary gland. The binding of dopamine to the D2 receptor is crucial for the regulation of diverse physiological functions, such as the control of locomotor activity and the synthesis of peptide hormones. Two alternatively spliced transcripts are generated from the D2 receptor gene and code for the D2L and D2S isoforms, which are 444 and 415 amino acids in length, respectively. These isoforms exhibit similar pharmacological characteristics and are expressed in the same cell types, with a ratio that normally favors expression of the longer isoform. The D2L isoform differs from D2S by the insertion of 29 amino acids in the putative third intracellular loop of the receptor. This loop is involved in the coupling of the receptor to different G proteins. Experiments have shown that the D2 isoforms have different G-protein-coupling affinities, suggesting that these receptors might serve different functions in vivo. Additionally, this difference in coupling affinity could be a mechanism to amplify the signal transduced by the binding of dopamine to D2 receptors. Important insights into D2 receptor function in vivo have been obtained by knocking out the D2 gene in mice. The Parkinsonian-like phenotype of D2-null mice demonstrates the importance of the D2 receptor for locomotor function.
Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Mammalian Cells with Codons Other Than AUG and Amino Acids Other Than Methionine (1998)

Protein synthesis is initiated universally with the amino acid methionine. In Escherichia coli, studies with anticodon sequence mutants of the initiator methionine tRNA have shown that protein synthesis can be initiated with several other amino acids. In eukaryotic systems, however, a yeast initiator tRNA aminoacylated with isoleucine was found to be inactive in initiation in mammalian cell extracts. This finding raised the question of whether methionine is the only amino acid capable of initiation of protein synthesis in eukaryotes. In this work, we studied the activities, in initiation, of four different anticodon sequence mutants of human initiator tRNA in mammalian COS1 cells, using reporter genes carrying mutations in the initiation codon that are complementary to the tRNA anticodons. The mutant tRNAs used are aminoacylated with glutamine, methionine, and valine. Our results show that in the presence of the corresponding mutant initiator tRNAs, AGG and GUC can initiate protein synthesis in COS1 cells with methionine and valine, respectively. CAG initiates protein synthesis with glutamine but extremely poorly, whereas UAG could not be used to initiate protein synthesis with glutamine. We discuss the potential applications of the mutant initiator tRNA-dependent initiation of protein synthesis with codons other than AUG for studying the many interesting aspects of protein synthesis initiation in mammalian cells.
A conserved DNA sequence is required for efficient gonococcal pilin antigenic variation (1994)

Summary Antigenic variation of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilus occurs when a variant pilin sequence from a silent locus recombines into the expression locus by predominantly unidirectional, homologous recombination. At the 3’end of all pilin loci lies a conserved ONA sequence, called the Sma/Cla repeat, which has sequence similarity to several recombinase‐binding sites, and therefore may be involved in pilin recombination. We have developed a novel reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay for direct monitoring of pilin recombination, and both RT‐PCR and phase variation were used to examine pilin recombination in a gonococcal strain that had had the pilE Sma/Cla repeat removed. Results from these experiments showed a decrease in pilin recombination when the Sma/Cla sequence was deleted from the expression locus, showing that a specialized site (Sma/Cla) is involved in efficient pilin recombination.
Iron supplying systems ofSalmonellain diagnostics, epidemiology and infection (1995)

Well-known and newly characterised mechanisms, both endogenous and exogenous, for the uptake of iron by Salmonella are outlined, and their possible roles at various stages in infection are discussed. The contributions of a detailed understanding of iron supplying systems to techniques for diagnosis, epidemiology and disease management are described.
Regulation of secretion of the hepatitis B virus major surface antigen by the preS-1 protein (1987)

P24, P30, and P39, the three major surface antigens of the envelope of hepatitis B virus, are co-carboxy-terminal proteins with different amino-terminal extensions. We prompted expression of these proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by placing the appropriate coding sequence(s) under the control of the simian virus 40 early promoter. P24 and P30 formed 22-nm particles which were efficiently secreted. In contrast, P39 accumulated in a perinuclear structure, presumably the Golgi complex, and was not secreted. Coexpressing P39 and P24 resulted in the localization of both in the perinuclear region and restricted the secretion of P24. We found that P39 must be expressed at a relatively low level to allow efficient secretion of P24 in typical spherical particles. We hypothesize that P39, by inhibiting the formation of spherical particles, helps to induce formation of filamentous particles and mature Hepatitis B virus.
A Modular Approach for the Analysis of Blockchain Consensus Protocol Under Churn (Poster) (2018)

Blockchain is an emerging technology that gained a lot of attention in the last years. Many different consensus protocols have been proposed to improve both the scalability and the resilience of existing blockchain. However, all these solutions have been defined for rather static settings. We propose a modular approach for analysing and comparing different consensus protocols used in blockchain under churn.
The transcription factor Prox1 is a marker for lymphatic endothelial cells in normal and diseased human tissues (2002)

Detection of lymphatic endothelal cells (LECs) has been problematic because of the lack of specific markers. The homeobox transcription factor Prox1 is expressed in LECs of murine and avian embryos. We have studied expression of Prox1 in human tissues with immunofluorescence. In 19-wk-old human fetuses, Prox1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) are coexpressed in LECs of lymphatic trunks and lymphatic capillaries. Prox1 is located in the nucleus, and its expression is mutually exclusive with that of the blood vascular marker PAL-E. Prox1 is a constitutive marker of LECs and is found in tissues of healthy adults and lymphedema patients. Blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) of hemangiomas express CD31 and CD34, but not Prox1. A subset of these cells is positive for VEGFR-3. Lymphatics in the periphery of hemangiomas express Prox1 and CD31, but not CD34. In lymphangiomas, LECs express Prox1, CD31, and VEGFR-3, but rarely CD34. In the stroma, spindle-shaped CD34-positive cells are present. We show that Prox1 is a reliable marker for LECs in normal and pathologic human tissues, coexpressed with VEGFR-3 and CD31. VEGFR-3 and CD34 are less reliable markers for LECs and BECs, respectively, because exceptions from their normal expression patterns are found in pathologic tissues.
Separation and quantitation of the four stereoisomers of itraconazole in pharmaceutical formulations by electrokinetic chromatography (2006)

The four stereoisomers of itraconazole were resolved for the first time by EKC using a CD as chiral selector. A study on the enantiomeric separation ability of different neutral CDs was carried out. Heptakis-2,3,6-tri-O-methyl-beta-CD was shown to provide the highest values for the enantiomeric resolution. The influence of some experimental conditions, such as pH, chiral selector concentration, and temperature, on the enantiomeric separation was also studied. The use of a 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5), 30 mM in heptakis-2,3,6-tri-O-methyl-beta-CD together with an applied voltage of 30 kV and a temperature of 20 degrees C enabled the separation of the enantiomers of itraconazole with high resolutions (Rs > 3.0). Finally, the method was validated and successfully applied to the quantitation of itraconazole in three pharmaceutical formulations.
Highly nonlinear composite chalcogenide/polymer fibers (2004)

Composite As2Se3/polyethersulfone fibers are fabricated that have As2Se3 core diameters between 0.5 and 3 microns surrounded by a PES cladding 50 to 150 microns in diameter. The small core areas along with the large nonlinear coefficients found for As2Se3 make these fibers excellent candidates for compact low-cost nonlinear devices.