gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trip-Based Optimal Power Management of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2008)

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have demonstrated the capability to improve fuel economy and emissions. The plug-in HEV (PHEV), utilizing more battery power, has become a more attractive upgrade of the HEV. The charge-depletion mode is more appropriate for the power management of PHEVs, i.e., the state of charge (SOC) is expected to drop to a low threshold when the vehicle reaches the trip destination. Trip information has so far been considered as future information for vehicle operation and is thus not available <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">priori</i> . This situation can be changed by the recent advancement in intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) based on the use of on-board global positioning systems (GPSs), geographical information systems (GISs), and advanced traffic flow modeling techniques. In this paper, a new approach to optimal power management of PHEVs in the charge-depletion mode is proposed with driving cycle modeling based on the historic traffic information. A dynamic programming (DP) algorithm is applied to reinforce the charge-depletion control such that the SOC drops to a specific terminal value at the end of the driving cycle. The vehicle model was based on a hybrid electric sport utility vehicle (SUV). Only fuel consumption is considered for the current stage of the study. A simulation study was conducted for several standard driving cycles and two trip models using the proposed method, and the results showed significant improvement in fuel economy compared with a rule-based control and a depletion sustenance control for most cases. Furthermore, the results showed much better consistency in fuel economy compared with rule-based and depletion sustenance control.
Prospective study of early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis (1990)

We prospectively monitored 140 cirrhotic patients for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma for 6 yr, using periodical screening by high-resolution convex-array ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein. Twenty-eight patients were positive for HBs antigen, 26 patients had received blood transfusions and were negative for HBs antigen and 26 patients had a history of heavy drinking. We detected hepatocellular carcinoma in 40 patients during this period. The overall cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the 6 yr was 39%; the cumulative incidence was 59% in patients with HBsAg, 53% in patients who had had blood transfusions and were negative for HBsAg and 22% in patients who had a history of heavy drinking and who were without HBsAg. Detection of the carcinoma in 85% of these 40 patients was based on results of ultrasonography. Twenty-six of the patients (65%) had a small hepatocellular carcinoma of 2 cm or less. alpha-Fetoprotein levels were lower than 100 ng/ml in 56% of these 40 patients. Patients with cirrhosis are at high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, especially patients with HBsAg or with a history of blood transfusion who are negative for HBsAg. Periodic monitoring by use of ultrasonography in particular is recommended for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Expression of focal adhesion kinase in normal and pathologic human prostate tissues (2002)

Given the established role for FAK in the regulation of integrin signaling, we suggest that the sustained elevated levels of FAK expression during prostate tumor cell progression is consistent with a role for FAK in the development and maintenance of prostate carcinoma.
Direct acylamination of quinoline, isoquinoline, benzimidazole, pyridazine, and pyrimidine 1-oxides. Novel 1,5-sigmatropic shift (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect acylamination of quinoline, isoquinoline, benzimidazole, pyridazine, and pyrimidine 1-oxides. Novel 1,5-sigmatropic shiftR. A. Abramovitch, R. B. Rogers, and G. M. SingerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 1, 41–47Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00889a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00889a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct Control of Peripheral Lipid Deposition by CNS GLP-1 Receptor Signaling Is Mediated by the Sympathetic Nervous System and Blunted in Diet-Induced Obesity (2009)

We investigated a possible role of the central glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor system as an essential brain circuit regulating adiposity through effects on nutrient partitioning and lipid metabolism independent from feeding behavior. Both lean and diet-induced obesity mice were used for our experiments. GLP-1 (7–36) amide was infused in the brain for 2 or 7 d. The expression of key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism was measured by real-time PCR or Western blot. To test the hypothesis that the sympathetic nervous system may be responsible for informing adipocytes about changes in CNS GLP-1 tone, we have performed direct recording of sympathetic nerve activity combined with experiments in genetically manipulated mice lacking β-adrenergic receptors. Intracerebroventricular infusion of GLP-1 in mice directly and potently decreases lipid storage in white adipose tissue. These effects are independent from nutrient intake. Such CNS control of adipocyte metabolism was found to depend partially on a functional sympathetic nervous system. Furthermore, the effects of CNS GLP-1 on adipocyte metabolism were blunted in diet-induced obese mice. The CNS GLP-1 system decreases fat storage via direct modulation of adipocyte metabolism. This CNS GLP-1 control of adipocyte lipid metabolism appears to be mediated at least in part by the sympathetic nervous system and is independent of parallel changes in food intake and body weight. Importantly, the CNS GLP-1 system loses the capacity to modulate adipocyte metabolism in obese states, suggesting an obesity-induced adipocyte resistance to CNS GLP-1.
[Methodologies for regulation of intestinal absorption of biologically active peptides]. (1998)

Oral bioavailability of biologically active peptides and proteins is generally very low because they are extensively degraded by peptidases and proteases in the gastrointestinal tract and impermeable through the intestinal mucosal membrane. Consequently, although clinical application of peptide drugs is limited to administration by injection, such frequent subjects the patients to considerable pain, and there is also possibility of the manifestation of serious side effects. Therefore various approaches have been examined to overcome the delivery problems of peptide drugs. These approaches include (1) to use additives such as absorption enhancers and protease inhibitors, (2) to modify the peptide molecules to produce prodrugs and analogs, (3) to develop an administration method for peptides that can serve as an alternative to oral and injection administration and (4) to use the dosage forms to these peptide drugs. In this paper, we introduce the approaches (1)-(3) and demonstrate that transmucosal absorption of various biologically active peptides and proteins could be improved by using these approaches. These approaches therefore may give us basic information to improve the intestinal absorption of peptide and protein drugs.
Digital "bullet scratches" for images (2005)

The problem investigated in this paper is identification of sensor that was used to obtain a given digital image. We show that the high-medium frequency component of the sensor pattern noise is an equivalent of "bullet scratches" for digital images and can be used for reliable forensic identification. For each sensor, we first calculate its reference pattern (an estimate of the sensor pattern noise) by averaging the noise component from multiple images. This pattern serves as a unique identification fingerprint whose presence in a given image is established using a correlation detector. The proposed identification technique was tested on several thousand images obtained by nine digital cameras. In all cases, we were able to correctly identify the camera that took the image. We also show that it is possible to identify the camera from images subjected to combined processing, including lossy JPEG compression, gamma correction, recoloring, and resizing.
β-elemene sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to oxaliplatin by preventing oxaliplatin-induced degradation of copper transporter 1 (2016)

β-elemene, a Curcuma wenyujin plant extract, has been used widely as a tumor adjuvant therapeutic agent. However, how to obtain optimum therapeutic effects by combining this compound with other agents remain unclear. In this study, we found that β-elemene, which alone had little effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation, exerted a synergistic anti-proliferative effect in HCC cells when dosed in combination with oxaliplatin, which increased the amounts of platinum accumulation and platinum-DNA adduct significantly and augmented the oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis. Western blot and laser scanning confocal microscopy studies indicated that β-elemene enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to oxaliplatin by upregulating copper transporter 1 (CTR1), a major controller of intracellular platinum accumulation. In an orthotopic transplantation HCC model in nude mice, HCC tumor growth was inhibited significantly by oxaliplatin combined with β-elemene, as compared with oxaliplatin alone. Notably, CTR1 protein expression in xenograft HCC was upregulated in mice who received β-elemene treatment. Taken together, our findings show that β-elemene can block the reduction of CTR1 resulting from oxaliplatin treatment, and therefore has a synergistic anti-HCC effect with oxaliplatin by enhancing cellular uptake of oxaliplatin. The synergistic effects of β-elemene and oxaliplatin deserve further evaluation in clinical settings.
Supramolecular Copolymer Micelles Based on the Complementary Multiple Hydrogen Bonds of Nucleobases for Drug Delivery (2011)

Novel supramolecular copolymer micelles with stimuli-responsive abilities were successfully prepared through the complementary multiple hydrogen bonds of nucleobases and then applied for rapid intracellular release of drugs. First, both adenine-terminated poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-A) and uracil-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-U) were synthesized. The supramolecular amphiphilic block copolymers (PCL-A:U-PEG) were formed based on multiple hydrogen bonding interactions between PCL-A and PEG-U. The micelles self-assembled from PCL-A:U-PEG were sufficiently stable in water but prone to fast aggregation in acidic condition due to the dynamic and sensitive nature of noncovalent interactions. The low cytotoxicity of supramolecular copolymer micelles was confirmed by MTT assay against NIH/3T3 normal cells. As a hydrophobic anticancer model drug, doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated into these supramolecular copolymer micelles. In vitro release studies demonstrated that the release of DOX from micelles was significantly faster at mildly acid pH of 5.0 compared to physiological pH. MTT assay against HeLa cancer cells showed DOX-loaded micelles had high anticancer efficacy. Hence, these supramolecular copolymer micelles based on the complementary multiple hydrogen bonds of nucleobases are very promising candidates for rapid controlled release of drugs.
HIV proteinase inhibitors (1992)

Conference Article| May 01 1992 HIV proteinase inhibitors Noel A. Roberts; Noel A. Roberts 1Department of Chemotherapy, Roche Products Ltd, P.O. Box 8, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 3AY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Charles Craig; J. Charles Craig 1Department of Chemotherapy, Roche Products Ltd, P.O. Box 8, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 3AY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ian B. Duncan Ian B. Duncan 1Department of Chemotherapy, Roche Products Ltd, P.O. Box 8, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 3AY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1992) 20 (2): 513–516. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200513 Article history Received: November 20 1991 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Noel A. Roberts, J. Charles Craig, Ian B. Duncan; HIV proteinase inhibitors. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1992; 20 (2): 513–516. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200513 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus, AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, IC90, 90% inhibition end point, FIC, fraction of IC90, for each drug alone, AZT, 3′-azidothymidine, ddC, 2′,3′-dideoxy-cytidine This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 Biochemical Society1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Annealing concept for the design of environmentally stable chemical amplification resists. (1995)

Contamination of chemical amplification resists by airborne basic substances can be minimized by reducing the free volume of resist films by annealing. Good annealing requires heating the resist films above their glass transition temperatures. However, it is not usually possible to bake chemical amplification positive resists based on poly(4-hydroxystyrene) above their glass transition temperatures because thermal deprotection typically occurs below their glass transition temperatures. Use of metaisomers to lower glass transition temperatures is described first to prove the validity of our annealing concept. Furthermore, our high temperature bake process of a new thermally and hydrolytically stable positive resist (ESCAP) is reported. The annealing effectively reduces uptake of airborne contaminants by resist films because the diffusivity of small molecules in polymer films is an exponential function of the free volume and thus stabilizes the latent images.
Total Synthesis of Dimeric Pyrrole−Imidazole Alkaloids:  Sceptrin, Ageliferin, Nagelamide E, Oxysceptrin, Nakamuric Acid, and the Axinellamine Carbon Skeleton (2007)

The dimeric pyrrole imidazole natural products are a growing class of alkaloids with exotic connectivity, unique topologies, high nitrogen content, and exciting bioactivities. This full account traces the evolution of a strategy that culminated in the first total syntheses of several members of this family, including sceptrin, ageliferin, nagelamide E, nakamuric acid (and its methyl ester), and oxysceptrin. Details on the fascinating conversion of sceptrin to ageliferin, which has been used to produce gram quantities of this sensitive natural product, are provided. In addition, the first enantioselective total synthesis of sceptrin and ageliferin are reported by programming the fragmentation of an oxaquadricyclane. A hallmark of our approach to this family of alkaloids is the minimal use of protecting groups despite the presence of 10 nitrogen atoms in the target compounds. Thus, the fundamental chemistry of the 2-aminoimidazole heterocycle was explored without masking its innate reactivity. Insights gained during these explorations led to total syntheses of oxysceptrin and nakamuric acid and a successful construction of the carbon skeleton of axinellamine.
Results of an ISS round robin sponsored by ASTM committee E‐42 on surface analysis (1986)

Abstract Results are reported for a round robin involving ion scattering peak positions and FWHM measurements from seven cylindrical mirror analyzer (CMA) based instruments from the same manufacturer. The specimen used in the round robin was a Cu–Ag–Au ternary alloy. The ion scattering data were obtained using 4 He and 20 Ne ions at 1 and 2 keV. Within the set of data for any given peak, the spread in the FWHM values was &gt;70%, and the variation between the maximum and minimum CMA voltages was ∼8.5% A comparison of the experimental data with the results of calculations involving the dispersion characteristics of a CMA and the scattering equation suggests that much of the spread in the peak position is associated with the position of the specimen with respect to the CMA geometry. The cause of the spread in the FWHM measurements is unknown. Further analysis of the data indicates an inelastic energy loss of ∼3% for 20 Ne scattering from Ag at 2 keV.
The Evolutionary Conservation of a Novel Protein Modification, the Conversion of Cysteine to Serinesemialdehyde in Arylsulfatase from Volvox carteri (1996)

A novel post-translational protein modification has recently been described in two human sulfatases, by which a cysteine is replaced by a serinesemialdehyde (2-amino-3-oxopropionic acid) residue [Schmidt, B., Selmer, T., Ingendoh, A. & von Figura, K. (1995) Cell 82, 271-278]. This cysteine is conserved among all known eukaryotic sulfatases. Here we report the presence of this modification in arylsulfatase from the green alga Volvox carteri. The evolutionary conservation of this novel protein modification between sulfatases of V. carteri and man lends further support to the assumption that this modification is required for the catalytic activity of sulfatases and may be present in all sulfatases of eukaryotic origin.
Hepatic Drug Targeting: Phase I Evaluation of Polymer-Bound Doxorubicin (2002)

The recommended PK2 dose is 120 mg/m(2), administered every 3 weeks by IV infusion. Liver-specific doxorubicin delivery is achievable using galactosamine-modified polymers, and targeting is also seen in primary hepatocellular tumors.
<title>Scintillation reduction using multiple transmitters</title> (1997)

Uplink scintillation is a serious issue for laser communication between a satellite and the ground. Fluctuations on the uplinked beacon and communications laser can be minimized by transmitting multiple independent lasers from separate apertures which then sum incoherently at the satellite. The objective of the experiment described here was to determine the number and spacing required for separate transmitters to reduce fluctuations in the received power due to atmospheric scintillation to acceptable levels. Received power vs. time data were collected for horizontal laser links established between a laser transmitting platform and a receive telescope assembly separated by distances of 1.2 and 10.4 km to mimic the expected atmospheric effects of an uplink slant path to a satellite. Reduction in signal fluctuations was observed as the number of laser transmitters was increased from 1 to 16. A ground terminal design with 16 lasers on an 18 inch diameter circle with a 7 dB fade margin should be adequate to compensate form sot scintillation fades, while the remaining deep fades may be corrected by using forward error correction techniques.
Deficiency of 5′-deoxy-5′-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase activity in malignancy. Absence of the protein in human enzyme-deficient cell lines (1992)

The absence of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAase) activity in malignant cells, and the putative localization of its gene, suggest that this enzyme deficiency might be due to a genomic alteration also involving a tumour-suppressor gene. We studied the possible occurrence of inactive forms of the protein in two MTAase-negative cell lines, namely K562 and Jurkat, by immunochemical methods. Two highly specific antisera, directed against different epitopes of the phosphorylase [Della Ragione, Oliva, Gragnaniello, Russo, Palumbo & Zappia (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 6241-6246], were used to carry out immunotitration and immunoblotting analyses, as well as to investigate the biosynthesis of the enzyme. No MTAase protein was detected by Western-blotting technique performed under conditions where all the phosphorylase-positive samples gave a clear band at the MTAase subunit molecular mass. No cross-reacting material was observed by a sensitive immunotitration method which permitted the detection of as low as 0.5 ng of protein. Moreover, the results obtained by [35S]methionine-labelling experiments ruled out phosphorylase biosynthesis in the negative cell lines. Altogether, these data suggest that an alteration at the gene level hampering the specific mRNA biosynthesis or resulting in an untranslatable mRNA is the cause of the enzyme deficiency in the MTAase-negative cell lines studied.
Optimizing memory usage in the polyhedral model (2000)

The polyhedral model provides a single unified foundation for systolic array synthesis and automatic parallelization of loop programs. We investigate the problem of memory reuse when compiling Alpha (a functional language based on this model). Direct compilation would require unacceptably large memory (for example O(n 3 ) for matrix multiplication). Researchers have previously addressed the problem of memory reuse, and the analysis that this entails for projective memory allocations. This paper addresses, for a given schedule, the choice of the projections so as to minimize the volume of the residual memory. We prove tight bounds on the number of linearly independent projection vectors. Our method is constructive, yielding an optimal memory allocation. We extend the method to modular functions, and deal with the subsequent problems of code generation. Our ideas are illustrated on a number of examples generated by the current version of the Alpha compiler.
Electronic document management systems: an overview. (2002)

For over a decade, most health care information technology (IT) professionals erroneously learned that document imaging, which is one of the many component technologies of an electronic document management system (EDMS), is the only technology of an EDMS. In addition, many health care IT professionals erroneously believed that EDMSs have either a limited role or no place in IT environments. As a result, most health care IT professionals do not understand documents and unstructured data and their value as structured data partners in most aspects of transaction and information processing systems.