gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved selective medium for the isolation of Treponema hyodysenteriae (1988)

An agar medium with improved selection for Treponema hyodysenteriae was developed. Cultures of T. hyodysenteriae and T. innocens, feces from 11 clinically normal pigs, and colonic contents from 6 pigs with gross lesions consistent with swine dysentery were diluted in phosphate-buffered saline and plated on Trypticase soy agar (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) with 5% citrated bovine blood (TSA), TSA with 400 micrograms of spectinomycin per ml (TSA-S400), TSA-S400 with 25 micrograms each of colistin and vancomycin per ml, and TSA with 5% pig feces extract and five antimicrobial agents (spiramycin, rifampin, vancomycin, colistin, and spectinomycin) (BJ). Viable numbers of T. hydodysenteriae grown on BJ were virtually identical to those for TSA, TSA-S400, and TSA-S400 with colistin and vancomycin. Pure cultures of four isolates of T. hyodysenteriae and three isolates of T. innocens were sustained through six subcultures on BJ. Fecal floras were completely inhibited on BJ for 14 of 17 fecal samples from both groups of pigs. A total of 461 colonic specimens from naturally occurring cases of porcine intestinal disease were plated on TSA-S400 and BJ. T. hyodysenteriae was isolated on both TSA-S400 and BJ for 69 specimens and on BJ alone for an additional 19 specimens.
An adaptive modulation scheme for simultaneous voice and data transmission over fading channels (2002)

We propose a new adaptive modulation technique for simultaneous voice and data transmission over fading channels, and study its performance. The proposed scheme takes advantage of the time-varying nature of fading to dynamically allocate the transmitted power between the inphase (I) and quadrature (Q) channels. It uses fixed-rate binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation on the Q channel for voice, and variable-rate M-ary amplitude modulation (M-AM) on the I channel for data. For favorable channel conditions most of the power is allocated to high rate data transmission on the I channel. The remaining power is used to support the variable-power voice transmission on the Q channel. As the channel degrades the modulation gradually reduces its data throughput and reallocates most of its available power to insure a continuous and satisfactory voice transmission. The scheme is intended to provide a high average spectral efficiency for data communications while meeting the stringent delay requirements imposed by voice. We present closed-form expressions as well as numerical and simulation results for the outage probability, average allocated power, achievable spectral efficiency, and average bit-error-rate for both voice and data, transmission over Nakagami-m (1960) fading channels. We also discuss the features and advantages of the proposed scheme.
The 37/67-Kilodalton Laminin Receptor Is a Receptor for Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes 8, 2, 3, and 9 (2006)

Adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) is currently emerging as a powerful gene transfer vector, owing to its capability to efficiently transduce many different tissues in vivo. While this is believed to be in part due to its ability to uncoat more readily than other AAV serotypes such as AAV2, understanding all the processes behind AAV8 transduction is important for its application and optimal use in human gene therapy. Here, we provide the first report of a cellular receptor for AAV8, the 37/67-kDa laminin receptor (LamR). We document binding of LamR to AAV8 capsid proteins and intact virions in vitro and demonstrate its contribution to AAV8 transduction of cultured cells and mouse liver in vivo. We also show that LamR plays a role in transduction by three other closely related serotypes (AAV2, -3, and -9). Sequence and deletion analysis allowed us to map LamR binding to two protein subdomains predicted to be exposed on the AAV capsid exterior. Use of LamR, which is constitutively expressed in many clinically relevant tissues and is overexpressed in numerous cancers, provides a molecular explanation for AAV8's broad tissue tropism. Along with its robust transduction efficiency, our findings support the continued development of AAV8-based vectors for clinical applications in humans, especially for tumor gene therapy.
A highly catalytic and selective conversion of carboxylic acids to 1-alkenes of one less carbon atom (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA highly catalytic and selective conversion of carboxylic acids to 1-alkenes of one less carbon atomJoseph A. Miller, Jeffrey A. Nelson, and Michael P. ByrneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 1, 18–20Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00053a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00053a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1440Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Viscoelastic Behavior and Proppant Transport Properties of a New High-Temperature Viscoelastic Surfactant-Based Fracturing Fluid (2015)

Abstract Viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fracture fluids were developed as a nondamaging alternative to conventional polymer-based fluids. However, the viscosity performance of typical VES fluids is dramatically reduced at high temperature. Therefore, these fluids are typically limited to treat relatively low-temperature formations unless foamed with nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Recent laboratory work has shown that viscosity alone may not accurately assess proppant transport. Thus, combination of rotational and oscillatory measurements to determine the fluid viscous and elastic properties can better predict whether the fluid can be applied successfully in the field. The present study was conducted to introduce a new Gemini VES system that can gel and maintain useful viscosity up to 275°F, which can provide additional downhole benefits. Dynamic and static proppant settling tests were conducted using a high-pressure/high-temperature visualization cell to confirm the effect of elastic properties of this fluid on proppant settling. Finally, proppant settling tests were conducted with three proppant types of the same size, but different density and shape at a range of concentrations. Experimental results show that the surfactant gel behaved as an elastic material (elastic regime), where the elastic modulus (G') was dominant over the viscous modulus (G”) during the tested range of frequency. This behavior gives perfect proppant transport properties. At temperature less than 225°F, Values of G′ were independent of the frequency and/or shear rate values, while G” increased with increasing frequency and/or shear rate. At higher temperature, both G′ and G” increased with increasing frequency and/or shear rate. This gives a good proppant-carrying capacity during dynamic conditions (mixing and injection) with a small pressure drop. The addition of an internal liquid breaker increases the viscous regime with time and temperature. When elastic regime dominates, 100% proppant suspension was confirmed for at least two hours at static and dynamic conditions and temperatures in the range of 75 to 250°F.
Characterization and comparison of two newly established epstein-barr virus-negative lymphoma B-cell lines: Surface markers, growth characteristics, cytogenetics, and transplantability (1988)

Two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative lymphoma B-cell lines, HBL-1 and HBL-2, were established from a pleural effusion and a lymph node biopsy of two patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma. HBL-1 and HBL-2 showed the characteristics of activated B-cells in B-cell lineage, as did original lymphoma cells. Chromosome analyses revealed that HBL-1 exhibiting 14q+ marker-positive lymphoid cancer showed a new subclass of 14q32 translocation resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 14 and 16, which had been masked in a complex translocation involving five chromosomes, and that HBL-2 had a 14q+ marker chromosome, the result of an 11;14 translocation [t(11;14)(q13;32)]. Successful heterotransplantation into athymic nude mice demonstrated tumorigenicity of HBL-1 and HBL-2. The transplantability and tumor growth rate of HBL-2 were higher and more rapid than those of HBL-1. HBL-1 and HBL-2 appear useful for facilitating therapeutic investigations as well as immunologic and oncogenic studies in B-cell lymphomas.
Expression analysis of ruminant α‐lactalbumin in transgenic mice: Developmental regulation and general location of important cis‐regulatory elements (1992)

The bovine alpha-lactalbumin transgene with 750 bp and 336 bp of the 5' and 3' flanking region, respectively, is developmentally regulated as its endogenous counterpart in transgenic mice. Comparative expression analysis of three 5'-shortened constructs suggests that the region -477/-220 contains important cis-acting transcriptional elements. The level of expression of a long caprine alpha-lactalbumin transgene encompassing 8.5 kb and 9.5 kb of the 5' and 3' flanking region, respectively, was higher but still unrelated to the copy number. Expression of the transgenes and of endogenous milk-protein genes was tissue-specific. In contrast with a recent report, only low amounts of the relevant mRNA were detected in some skin samples, which suggests a possible contamination by mammary tissue.
Novel therapeutics in multiple myeloma (2012)

Most myeloma patients still experience recurrent relapse and eventually become resistant and/or intolerant of effective agents such as corticosteroids, alkylating agents, immune modulators (lenalidomide and thalidomide) or proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib. Once this happens average survivals are less than one year. Progress has been made for such patients, however, with the demonstration of clinical benefit of novel proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib) and immune modulators (pomalidomide). Pomalidomide when used with dexamethasone has activity in 30-60% of patients depending on disease stage. Carfilzomib is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor with favorable toxicity profile (minimal neuropathy) and response rates of 17-54% depending on the disease stage treated. Novel targets are also being explored. Histone deacetylase inhibitors such as vorinostat and panobinostat are in phase II testing although results from a randomized trial combining vorinostat with bortezomib were disappointing. Other small molecules or monoclonal antibodies with novel targets such as kinase inhibitors(AKT, CDK5) and cell surface receptors (e.g. elotuzumab) are undergoing active investigation.
Novel SONOS-Type Nonvolatile Memory Device with Suitable Band Offset in HfAlO Charge-Trapping Layer (2007)

Satisfactory operation and reliability characteristics of SONOS-type flash devices are achieved by an optimal Hf/Al content in HfAlO charge-trapping layer. Results indicate that operation performance can be improved by a suitable band offset of HfAlO charge-trapping layer. High-speed operation can be realized by adopting CHEI programming and F-N erasing for NOR flash applications.
Overexpression of the Nuclear Receptor Coactivator AIB1 ( SRC-3 ) during Progression of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2004)

AIB1 overexpression is frequent in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions. On the basis of its rate-limiting role for the modulation of growth factor signals, we propose a major role of AIB1 in the multistage progression of pancreatic cancer.
Use of Mass Spectrometric Vapor Analysis To Improve Canine Explosive Detection Efficiency (2017)

Canines remain the gold standard for explosives detection in many situations, and there is an ongoing desire for them to perform at the highest level. This goal requires canine training to be approached similarly to scientific sensor design. Developing a canine training regimen is made challenging by a lack of understanding of the canine's odor environment, which is dynamic and typically contains multiple odorants. Existing methodology assumes that the handler's intention is an adequate surrogate for actual knowledge of the odors cuing the canine, but canines are easily exposed to unintentional explosive odors through training material cross-contamination. A sensitive, real-time (∼1 s) vapor analysis mass spectrometer was developed to provide tools, techniques, and knowledge to better understand, train, and utilize canines. The instrument has a detection library of nine explosives and explosive-related materials consisting of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitroglycerin (NG), 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), and cyclohexanone, with detection limits in the parts-per-trillion to parts-per-quadrillion range by volume. The instrument can illustrate aspects of vapor plume dynamics, such as detecting plume filaments at a distance. The instrument was deployed to support canine training in the field, detecting cross-contamination among training materials, and developing an evaluation method based on the odor environment. Support for training material production and handling was provided by studying the dynamic headspace of a nonexplosive HMTD training aid that is in development. These results supported existing canine training and identified certain areas that may be improved.
Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Designer Natriuretic Peptide, CD‐NP, in a First‐in‐Human Clinical Trial in Healthy Subjects (2009)

CD-NP is a novel chimeric natriuretic peptide (NP) consisting of the 22-amino-acid (AA) human C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a venodilating peptide with limited renal actions and minimal effects on blood pressure, and the 15-AA C-terminus of Dendroaspis NP (DNP). The rationale for the design of CD-NP was to enhance the renal actions of CNP, the ligand for natriuretic peptide receptor-B, but without inducing excessive hypotension. Here we report the first-in-human studies for CD-NP, which represent the first successful clinical testing of a chimeric NP demonstrating in normal human volunteers that CD-NP possesses cyclic guanosine monophosphate-activating, natriuretic, and aldosterone-suppressing properties without inducing excessive hypotension, laying the foundation for additional studies on this first-in-class new cardiovascular therapeutic in human heart failure, which are now underway worldwide.
HIV-1 infection induces a selective reduction in STAT5 protein expression. (1998)

HIV-1 infection is accompanied by qualitative and quantitative defects in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Loss of immune function in HIV patients is usually associated with a profound dysregulation of cytokine production. To investigate whether cytokine signaling defects occur during HIV infection, PHA blasts from healthy human donors were infected with two strains of HIV-1 and screened for the expression of STAT proteins used in cytokine signaling. A selective decrease in STAT5B was seen 8 days after infection with the BZ167 dual-tropic HIV isolate, but not with the Ba-L, M-tropic strain. Based on these findings, purified T cells from HIV-infected patients in different stages of disease were also tested for STAT expression; decreases in STAT5A, STAT5B, and STAT1alpha were observed in all patients. The reduction in STATs seen in vivo and in vitro after HIV infection may contribute to the loss of T cell function in HIV disease.
Direct Biological Conversion of Electrical Current into Methane by Electromethanogenesis (2009)

New sustainable methods are needed to produce renewable energy carriers that can be stored and used for transportation, heating, or chemical production. Here we demonstrate that methane can directly be produced using a biocathode containing methanogens in electrochemical systems (abiotic anode) or microbial electrolysis cells (MECs; biotic anode) by a process called electromethanogenesis. At a set potential of less than -0.7 V (vs Ag/AgCl), carbon dioxide was reduced to methane using a two-chamber electrochemical reactor containing an abiotic anode, a biocathode, and no precious metal catalysts. At -1.0 V, the current capture efficiency was 96%. Electrochemical measurements made using linear sweep voltammetry showed that the biocathode substantially increased current densities compared to a plain carbon cathode where only small amounts of hydrogen gas could be produced. Both increased current densities and very small hydrogen production rates by a plain cathode therefore support a mechanism of methane production directly from current and not from hydrogen gas. The biocathode was dominated by a single Archaeon, Methanobacterium palustre. When a current was generated by an exoelectrogenic biofilm on the anode growing on acetate in a single-chamber MEC, methane was produced at an overall energy efficiency of 80% (electrical energy and substrate heat of combustion). These results show that electromethanogenesis can be used to convert electrical current produced from renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar, or biomass) into a biofuel (methane) as well as serving as a method for the capture of carbon dioxide.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Reservoir Monitoring with VSP (2014)

3D VSP has long been viewed as conceptually attractive for illuminating targets under complex overburden. However, the wide-spread use of 3D VSP has been hindered by the cost and risk of deploying geophones in a borehole, and by the limited availability of accessible wells. These hurdles are largely removed when acquiring downhole seismic with Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) instead of geophones. Over the past several years Shell has acquired more than 20 DAS VSP-s around the world to test DAS performance and further its development. Early on we established the ability of DAS to provide fit-for-purpose VSP products such as checkshots, images, and time-lapse images in a variety of field situations. More recently, our focus has been on identifying VSP applications through which DAS can add most value. High on our list is reservoir monitoring for fields undergoing stimulation, such as water injection or Thermal EOR, particularly under complex overburden. In this talk we will show how DAS enables reservoir monitoring through VSP techniques that were unfeasible or cost-prohibitive with geophones. Those include frequent time-lapse monitoring onshore, in deepwater, in environmentally sensitive or congested areas, and simultaneously in many wells for full-field coverage with 3D VSP.
Gold nanorods for fluorescence lifetime imaging in biology (2010)

Two-photon luminescence (TPL) from gold nanorods shows considerable potential in biological imaging. We study the imaging of gold nanorods in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). FLIM provides images with better contrast and sensitivity than intensity imaging. The characteristic fluorescence lifetime of gold nanorods is found to be less than 100 ps, which can be used to distinguish gold nanorods from other fluorescent labels and endogenous fluorophores in lifetime imaging.
Intranasal Fluticasone Propionate Is More Effective Than Terfenadine Tablets for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (1994)

Fluticasone aqueous nasal spray, a well-tolerated corticosteroid preparation that can be administered once daily, is more effective than terfenadine tablets or placebo in controlling symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Preseason Body Composition of High School Wrestlers According to Age and Body Weight (1991)

The purpose of this study was to profile the preseason body composition of high school wrestlers as a function of age and body weight. The preseason body composition characteristics of 121 high school wrestlers were analyzed according to age (15, 16 and 17 years old) and body weight (43.36 to 86.71 kg). Each age group was further divided into lightweights (Lwt: 43.36 to 63.56 kg) and heavyweights (Hwt: 64.01 to 86.71 kg). The 15-year-old Lwts demonstrated less fat-free weight (FFW) than 16- and 17-year-old Lwts, while Hwts demonstrated similar body composition characteristics across all ages. These results indicate subtle differences in body composition characteristic across narrow age ranges in the Lwt categories of high school wrestlers. The less FFW of the younger and lighter wrestlers could lead to erroneous decisions in the selection of a safe minimal wrestling weight for this age group.
Apoptosis: targets in pancreatic cancer. (2003)

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is characterized by poor prognosis, because of late diagnosis and lack of response to chemo- and/or radiation therapies. Resistance to apoptosis mainly causes this insensitivity to conventional therapies. Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a central regulator of tissue homeostasis. Certain genetic disturbances of apoptotic signaling pathways have been found in carcinomas leading to tumor development and progression. In the past few years, the knowledge about the complex pathways of apoptosis has strongly increased and new therapeutic approaches based on this knowledge are being developed. This review will focus on the role of apoptotic proteins contributing to pancreatic cancer development and progression and will demonstrate possible targets to influence this deadly disease.
Maf Transcriptionally Activates the Mouse p53Promoter and Causes a p53-dependent Cell Death (2000)

An increase in the level of the tumor suppressor protein p53 can induce cell cycle arrest or cell death. Although mechanisms for regulating the life span of p53 have been described, there is growing evidence that transcriptional regulation of the p53 gene contributes significantly to controlling p53 protein levels and therefore the fate of a cell. However, the signal transduction pathways that lead to transcriptional activation of the p53 gene are poorly understood. The oncoprotein v-Maf and its cellular counterparts belong to the large combinatorially complex basic leucine zipper family of transcription factors, which include the AP1 family. To date few cellular targets of c-Maf have been identified. It is demonstrated here that v-Maf can bind as a homodimer to a variant Maf recognition element located between -66 and -54 upstream in the mouse p53 promoter. V-Maf and its cellular counterparts are shown to activate p53 expression through this site. The ability of v-Maf to activate p53 expression is modulated by AP1 family members. In addition, overexpression of v-Maf in primary cells leads to a p53-dependent cell death. Thus, Maf and members of the AP1 family are able to regulate p53 expression through this site in the p53 promoter.