gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemistry of carbanions. XVII. Addition of methyl organometallic reagents to cyclohexenone derivatives (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of carbanions. XVII. Addition of methyl organometallic reagents to cyclohexenone derivativesHerbert O. House and William F. Fischer Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 3, 949–956Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01267a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01267a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views830Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Reduction in Collagen Damage in the Failing Human Heart After Support With Left Ventricular Assist Devices (2001)

The reduced MMPs and increased TIMPs and ratios of undenatured to total soluble collagens and insoluble to total soluble collagens after LVAD support suggest that reduced MMP activity diminished damage to the matrix. These changes may contribute to the functional recovery and LV plasticity after LVAD support.
Optical Time-of-Flight Chemical Detection:  Absorption-Modulated Fluorescence for Spatially Resolved Analyte Mapping in a Bidirectional Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensor (1998)

A continuous chemically sensitive optical fiber is used with optical time-of-flight chemical detection (OTOF-CD) for spatially resolved analyte mapping. To enhance signal levels and to improve their reproducibility, two novel principles for signal generation and processing are introduced. In the first, the fluorescene of an analyte-insensitive fluorophore is monitored as a function of the evanescent wave absorption of an analyte-sensitive indicator. The resulting signal levels are well above those encountered in optical time domain reflectometry methods that rely upon backscattering for spatially resolved detection. As a result, the method could significantly expand the range of species that can be detected with absorption reagents used in OTOF sensors. The second method raises signal-to-noise ratios by 3-4.5-fold for measurements made at the far ends of the sensing fiber. It functions by sending probe laser pulses into and monitoring their return sequentially from both ends of the sensing fiber. Because the two pulses provide complementary information, only the first half of each of the collected waveforms is used for analyte quantitation. The introduced concepts were experimentally verified with a distributed sensor constructed from a 40-m-long continuous chemically sensitive optical fiber. This sensing element was produced by immobilization of an ammonia-sensitive absorbing reagent (phenol red) and an analyte-insensitive fluorophore (rhodamine 640) into the original silicone cladding of the plastic-clad silica fiber.
Colon Epithelium Can Be Transiently Transfected with Liposomes, Calcium Phosphate Precipitation and DEAE Dextran in vivo (1998)

These data indicate that in addition to liposomes, plasmid DNA mixed with DEAE dextran can be taken up by colon epithelial cells. This transfection techniques may prove useful in the development of gene therapy approaches for colon disease.
Anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) has antitumor activity in SCID mice with human myeloma cells. (1995)

Recent studies have suggested that ICAM-1 (CD54) is involved in the pathogenesis of human multiple myeloma. A monoclonal antihuman CD54 antibody has been generated by immunizing BALB/c mice with human myeloma cell lines. SCID mice injected with human ARH-77 myeloma cells develop disseminated myeloma which is similar in several respects to multiple myeloma in humans. The mice have monoclonal gammopathy and succumb to hind leg paralysis caused by infiltration of tumor cells into the thoracolumbar vertebrae, resulting in compression of the spinal cord. In the absence of treatment, the mean paralysis time of the SCID/ARH-77 mice is 29 days. When the SCID/ARH-77 mice received four consecutive daily i.v. injections of anti-CD54 mAb commencing 1 day after tumor inoculation, they survived for 150 days, at which time the experiment was terminated. Histopathological analyses indicated that prior to death all control SCID/ARH-77 mice had myeloma cells in the vertebrae and skull. At this time, the anti-CD54-treated mice had no evidence of tumor. High levels of human immunoglobulin were detected in the sera of control, but not treated mice. F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-CD54 antibody also had similar, albeit, slightly less antitumor activity in vivo, suggesting that antibody effector function may account for some, but not all the antitumor activity of anti-CD54. In vitro studies indicate that anti-CD54 does not inhibit homotypic adhesion, the binding of myeloma cells to murine bone marrow stromal cells, or cell proliferation. By exclusion, we propose that the CD54-mediated homing of these ARH-77 cells to certain anatomical sites is crucial for their growth in vivo.
BEOWULF: A Parallel Workstation for Scientific Computation. (1995)

Network-of-Workstations technology is applied to the challenge of implementing very high performance workstations for Earth and space science applications. The Beowulf parallel workstation employs 16 PCbased processing modules integrated with multiple Ethernet networks. Large disk capacity and high disk to memory bandwidth is achieved through the use of a hard disk and controller for each processing module supporting up to 16 way concurrent accesses. The paper presents results from a series of experiments that measure the scaling characteristics of Beowulf in terms of communication bandwidth, file transfer rates, and processing performance. The evaluation includes a computational fluid dynamics code and an N-body gravitational simulation program. It is shown that the Beowulf architecture provides a new operating point in performance to cost for high performance workstations, especially for file transfers under favorable conditions. 1 INTRODUCTION Networks Of Workstations, or NOW [4] ...
IL-2–Controlled Expression of Multiple T Cell Trafficking Genes and Th2 Cytokines in the Regulatory T Cell-Deficient Scurfy Mice: Implication to Multiorgan Inflammation and Control of Skin and Lung Inflammation (2010)

Scurfy (Sf) mice bear a mutation in the Foxp3 transcription factor, lack regulatory T cells (Treg), develop multiorgan inflammation, and die prematurely. The major target organs affected are skin, lungs, and liver. “Sf mice lacking the Il2 gene (Sf.Il2–/–), despite being devoid of Treg, did not develop skin and lung inflammation, but the inflammation in liver remained [corrected]. Genome-wide microarray analysis revealed hundreds of genes that were differentially regulated among Sf, Sf.Il2(-/-), and B6 CD4(+) T cells, but the most significant changes were those encoding receptors for trafficking/chemotaxis/retention and cytokines. Our study suggests that IL-2 controls the skin and lung inflammation in Sf mice in an apparent "organ-specific" manner through two novel mechanisms: by regulating the expression of genes encoding a variety of receptors for T cell trafficking/chemotaxis/retention and by regulating Th2 cell expansion and cytokine production. Thus, IL-2 is potentially a master regulator for multiorgan inflammation and an underlying etiological factor for various diseases associated with skin and lung inflammation.
The Influence of Processing and Preservation on the Retention of Health‐Promoting Compounds in Broccoli (2007)

In this work the effects of common household practices such as chilling, freezing, and cooking on vitamin C retention in broccoli (Marathon cv.), as well as their influence on the release of sulforaphane upon enzymatic hydrolysis of glucoraphanin by the endogenous enzyme myrosinase, were investigated. When chilled at 6 degrees C and 95% R.H. for 35 d, broccoli showed a vitamin C and sulforaphane loss of about 39% and 29%, respectively, while storage at -18 degrees C for 60 d resulted in similar losses, but mainly due to the blanching step. Boiling, steaming, microwaving, pressure-cooking, and the combined use of pressure and microwaves were the cooking methods investigated. Boiling and steaming caused significant vitamin C losses, 34% and 22%, respectively, while with the other treatments more than 90% retention was observed. Sulforaphane was no more detectable after boiling or steaming, while pressure/microwave cooking did not cause any significant loss. The quantitative distribution of these moieties in the florets and stems of fresh and chilled broccoli was also investigated.
A Fast Built-in Redundancy Analysis for Memories With Optimal Repair Rate Using a Line-Based Search Tree (2009)

With the growth of memory capacity and density, test cost and yield improvement are becoming more important. In the case of embedded memories for systems-on-a-chip (SOC), built-in redundancy analysis (BIRA) is widely used as a solution to solve quality and yield issues by replacing faulty cells with extra good cells. However, previous BIRA approaches focused mainly on embedded memories rather than commodity memories. Many BIRA approaches require extra hardware overhead to achieve the optimal repair rate, which means that 100% of solution detection is guaranteed for intrinsically repairable dies, or they suffer a loss of repair rate to minimize the hardware overhead. In order to achieve both low area overhead and optimal repair rate, a novel BIRA approach is proposed and it builds a line-based searching tree. The proposed BIRA minimizes the storage capacity requirements to store faulty address information by dropping all unnecessary faulty addresses for inherently repairable die. The proposed BIRA analyzes redundancies quickly and efficiently with optimal repair rate by using a selected fail count comparison algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed BIRA achieves optimal repair rate, fast analysis speed, and nearly optimal repair solutions with a relatively small area overhead.
Aspects of modern Antarctic meteorology and climatology (2005)

Great advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of the weather of the Antarctic and how the climate of the continent varies on a range of time-scales. The observations from the stations are still the most accurate meteorological measurements that we have, but satellites have been important in providing data for remote parts of the continent and the Southern Ocean. With the large amount of data that is available today weather forecasts are much more accurate than just a few years ago and can provide valuable guidance up to several days ahead over the Southern Ocean and Antarctic coastal region. However, predicting the weather for the interior of the Antarctic is still very difficult. Recent research has shown that the climate of the Antarctic is affected by tropical atmospheric and oceanic climate cycles, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, but the links are complex. The picture of climate change across the Antarctic during the last 50 years is complex, with only the Antarctic Peninsula showing a significant warming. By the end of the twenty-first century near-surface air temperatures across much of the Antarctic continent are expected to increase by several degrees. A small increase in precipitation is also expected.
Avaliação de herbicidas para o controle de egéria em laboratório, caixa d'água e represa sem fluxo de água (2002)

Este projeto teve por objetivo avaliar a eficácia de herbicidas para controle de plantas aquáticas submersas das espécies Egeria densa e Egeria najas. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas consecutivas: em laboratório, em caixas d'água e numa represa de pequeno porte, sem fluxo de água. Na primeira etapa, avaliou-se a eficiência de 23 herbicidas utilizados em áreas agrícolas e disponíveis no mercado brasileiro. As elevadas concentrações em que os herbicidas foram efetivos inviabilizam programas de controle fundamentados em uma única aplicação. No experimento em caixas d'água, foram avaliados os efeitos de doses crescentes de fluridone, nas formulações líquida e granulada, no controle de Egeria densa e Egeria najas. Foram testadas as concentrações de 10, 20, 40, 80 e 150 ppb de fluridone na formulação líquida e 20, 40, 80 e 150 ppb na granulada. Após uma única aplicação, os resultados indicaram que o fluridone, nas concentrações de 80 e 150 ppb, em ambas as formulações, foi eficaz no controle dessas duas espécies. No experimento em represa de pequeno porte sem fluxo de água, avaliou-se o efeito da manutenção das concentrações de fluridone no controle de Egeria najas. Uma represa de 1.980 m² foi tratada com sete aplicações de fluridone, na formulação líquida, visando a manutenção das concentrações do ingrediente ativo na água entre 10 e 20 ppb. Os resultados indicaram que o controle proporcionado pelo herbicida foi superior a 99%. Não houve modificação significativa nas características relacionadas à qualidade da água.
B-type natriuretic peptide measurements in diagnosing congestive heart failure in the dyspneic emergency department patient. (2002)

For the acutely ill patient presenting to the emergency department with dyspnea, an incorrect diagnosis could place the patient at risk for both morbidity and mortality. The stimulus for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) release is a change in left-ventricular wall stretch and volume overload. A rapid, whole-blood BNP assay (Triage BNP Test, Biosite Inc, San Diego, CA) that allows quick evaluation of the dyspneic patient has recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Preliminary research with this test set the stage for the recently completed "Breathing Not Properly" BNP Multinational Study, a seven-center, prospective study of 1586 patients who presented to the emergency department with acute dyspnea and had BNP measured with a point-of-care assay upon arrival. BNP was accurate in making the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF), and levels correlated to severity of disease. Knowledge of BNP levels could have reduced clinical indecision by 74%. Algorithms are being developed for use in the emergency department that take into account other illnesses that might raise BNP levels. BNP levels should be extremely important in ruling out and diagnosing decompensated CHF, as long as baseline "euvolemic" BNP values are known. Finally, in addition to helping assess whether a dyspneic patient has heart failure, BNP levels may also be useful in making both triage and management decisions.
Rho‐mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement in response to LPA is functionally antagonized by Rac1 and PIP2 (2004)

G-protein-coupled receptors signal through Rho to induce actin cytoskeletal rearrangement. We previously demonstrated that thrombin stimulates Rho-dependent process retraction and rounding of 1321N1 astrocytoma cells. Surprisingly, while lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) activated RhoA in 1321N1 cells, it failed to produce cell rounding. Thrombin, unlike LPA, decreased Rac1 activity, and activated (GTPase-deficient) Rac1 inhibited thrombin-stimulated cell rounding, while expression of dominant-negative Rac1 promoted LPA-induced rounding. LPA and thrombin receptors appear to differ in coupling to Gi, as LPA but not thrombin-stimulated 1321N1 cell proliferation was pertussis toxin-sensitive. Blocking Gi with pertussis toxin enabled LPA to induce cell rounding and to decrease activated Rac1. These data support the hypothesis that Rac1 and Gi activation antagonize cell rounding. Thrombin and LPA receptors also differentially activated Gq pathways as thrombin but not LPA increased InsP3 formation and reduced phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) levels. Microinjection of the plekstrin homology domain of phospholipase C (PLC)delta1, which binds PIP2, enabled LPA to elicit cell rounding, consistent with a requirement for PIP2 reduction. We suggest that Rho-mediated cytoskeletal responses are enhanced by concomitant reductions in cellular levels of PIP2 and Rac1 activation and thus effected only by G-protein-coupled receptors with appropriate subsets of G protein activation.
The monoclinic-to-trigonal transformation in selenium (1977)

The conversion of monoclinic selenium to trigonal selenium is studied by x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and thermal analysis between 343 and 487 K. Below the melting temperature of the monoclinic crystal the process is topochemical, but not topotactic. The melting of the monoclinic crystals to the pure Se8- ring melt occurs at 413 K (with a heat of fusion of 2.8 kJ/mole Se, and an entropy of fusion of 6.8 J/K/mole Se). The nucleation of the trigonal phase in the monoclinic single crystal is athermal and occurs in crystalline register with the monomer, either through the nature of the nucleating defect or through epitaxy. The time for the appearance of the fixed temperature-independent number of nuclei is governed by an activation energy of about 100 kJ/mole. The subsequent growth occurs by crystallization during polymerization in the direction of the macromolecular helix axis, independent of the host crystal. Above 360–380 K, the trigonal phase branches to spherulitic crystals with radial c-axis orientation. The linear crystal growth is described over the whole analyzed temperature range by the same exponential (−1/T) rate law with an activation energy of 113 kJ/mole, which indicates that ring opening is the rate-determining step.
Noggin maintains pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells grown on Matrigel (2009)

Noggin can be utilized for short term prevention of spontaneous differentiation of stem cells grown on Matrigel.
Pathogenesis of Drug-Induced Exanthema (2001)

Our data indicate that skin infiltrating T cells with a cytotoxic potential and the ability to produce IL-5 and IFN-gamma may contribute to the damage of keratinocytes and the activation of eosinophils, which are typical features of drug-induced maculopapular exanthema.
Quantification of Fetal and Total Circulatory DNA in Maternal Plasma Samples Before and After Size Fractionation by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (2006)

Fetal extracellular DNA is mainly derived from apoptotic bodies of trophoblast. Recent studies have shown size differences between fetal and maternal extracellular DNA. We have examined the quantification of fetal (SRY gene) and total (GLO gene) extracellular DNA in maternal plasma in different fractions (100-300, 300-500, 500-700, 700-900, and >900 bp) after size fractionation by agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA was extracted from maternal plasma samples from 11 pregnant women carrying male foetuses at the 16th week of gestation. Fetal circulatory DNA was mainly detected in the 100-300 bp fraction with the median concentration being 14.4 GE/ml. A lower median amount of 4.9 GE/ml was also found in the 300-500 bp fraction. Circulatory DNA extracted from the 100-300 bp fraction contained 4.2 times enriched fetal DNA when compared with unseparated DNA sample. Fetal DNA within the 300-500 bp fraction was 2.5 times enriched. Circulatory fetal DNA is predominantly present in a fraction with molecular size <500 bp, which can be used for the detection of paternally inherited alleles. However, the usage of size-separated DNA is not suitable for routine clinical applications because of risk of contamination.
ETHER AMINO ALCOHOLS. II (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTETHER AMINO ALCOHOLS. IIC. B. POLLARD and T. H. WICKERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1952, 17, 1, 1–3Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01135a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01135a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous Identification of Two Cyclohexanone Oxidation Genes from an Environmental Brevibacterium Isolate Using mRNA Differential Display (2000)

The technique of mRNA differential display was used to identify simultaneously two metabolic genes involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone in a new halotolerant Brevibacterium environmental isolate. In a strategy based only on the knowledge that cyclohexanone oxidation was inducible in this strain, the mRNA population of cells exposed to cyclohexanone was compared to that of control cells using reverse transcription-PCR reactions primed with a collection of 81 arbitrary oligonucleotides. Three DNA fragments encoding segments of flavin monooxygenases were isolated with this technique, leading to the identification of the genes of two distinct cyclohexanone monooxygenases, the enzymes responsible for the oxidation of cyclohexanone. Each monooxygenase was expressed in Escherichia coli and characterized. This work validates the application of mRNA differential display for the discovery of new microbial metabolic genes.
Stability of Stereoregular Oligo(Nucleoside Phosphorothioate)s in Human Cells. Diastereoselectivity of Cellular 3′-Exonuclease (1997)

Abstract Stability of oligo(nucleoside phosphorothioate)s (PS-oligos) in HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) has been studied. Cytosolic fraction of HUVEC possesses 3′-exonucleolytic activity which is responsible for degradation of natural oligomers and PS-oligos. The enzyme is Rp-specific, i.e. it cleaves internucleotide phosphorothioate function of Rp- and not Sp-configuration at phosphorus atom.