gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Phase IIIb, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation During Awake Fiberoptic Intubation (2010)

GABA-mediated sedatives have respiratory depressant properties that may be detrimental in patients with difficult airways. In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, Phase IIIb Food and Drug Administration study, safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine compared with placebo were evaluated as the primary sedative for awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI). Patients were randomized to receive dexmedetomidine or saline. Patients were sedated with dexmedetomidine or rescue midazolam to achieve targeted sedation (Ramsay Sedation Scale ≥ 2) before topicalization and throughout AFOI. Primary efficacy endpoint was percentage of patients requiring rescue midazolam; secondary efficacy endpoints were total dose of rescue midazolam, percentage requiring additional rescue nonmidazolam medications, anesthesiologist's assessment of ease of subject care, and patient recall and satisfaction 24 hours postoperatively. Less rescue midazolam was required to maintain Ramsay Sedation Scale ≥2 (47.3% vs. 86.0%, P < 0.001), and supplemental midazolam dose was lower (1.07 ± 1.5 mg vs. 2.85 ± 3.0 mg, P < 0.001) with dexmedetomidine compared with placebo. More Mallampati Class IV patients treated with dexmedetomidine were successfully intubated without midazolam than with placebo (66.7% vs. 8.3%, P = 0.009). Dexmedetomidine decreased blood pressure and heart rate compared with placebo patients sedated with midazolam. Patients and anesthesiologists showed favorable satisfaction responses in both groups. Adverse events and patient recall were similar in both groups. Dexmedetomidine is effective as the primary sedative in patients undergoing AFOI. Some patients may require small supplemental doses of midazolam, in addition to dexmedetomidine, to achieve sufficient sedation for AFOI. Dexmedetomidine provides another AFOI option for sedation of patients with difficult airways.
Demonstration and characterization of Ia-positive dendritic cells in the interstitial connective tissues of rat heart and other tissues, but not brain. (1981)

In this study, we have used a mouse monoclonal antibody to rat Ia (RT1-B or class II) antigens to demonstrate, by immunofluorescence on frozen sections, intensely Ia-positive dendritic cells in the interstitial connective tissues of every tissue we have examined (heart, liver, thyroid, pancreas, skin, kidney, ureter, and bladder) with the striking exception of brain. The characteristics of the interstitial dendritic cell found in heart were studied in detail, and this cell was shown to be negative for acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, and ATPase activity, and certainly some and probably all of the cells were negative for nonspecific esterase activity. Experiments with colloidal carbon suggested that the cell was either poorly or not at all phagocytic. The cells were negative for surface immunoglobulin and the W3/13 antigen, but positive for the leukocyte common antigen and the SD (Class I) antigens of the major histocompatibility complex. The cell was shown to be of bone marrow origin, and either the cell itself, or more probably its precursor, was shown to be sensitive to irradiation and to cyclophosphamide. All strains tested--including the nude rat--had large numbers of interstitial dendritic cells. The widespread distribution, except in brain, of this cell, which resembles in every respect the dendritic cell described by Steinman et al. (4) in the spleen and lymph nodes of the mouse, is of interest, and the implications in this finding are discussed.
Roflumilast Fully Prevents Emphysema in Mice Chronically Exposed to Cigarette Smoke (2005)

This study shows for the first time that a PDE4 inhibitor partially ameliorates lung inflammation and fully prevents parenchymal destruction induced by cigarette smoke.
Synthesis and Structural Aspects of N‐Triflylphosphoramides and Their Calcium Salts—Highly Acidic and Effective Brønsted Acids (2010)

Recently, 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL)-based N-triflylphosphoramides emerged as a new class of potent Brønsted acid catalysts. In this paper we describe the efficient synthesis of various BINOL-based N-triflylphosphoramides and their calcium salts. Furthermore, X-ray crystal structure analysis combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements confirmed that the synthesised chiral N-triflylphosphoramides are highly acidic metal-free catalysts.
Airway Subepithelial Fibrosis in a Murine Model of Atopic Asthma: Suppression by Dexamethasone or Anti–Interleukin-5 Antibody (2000)

Fibrosis in the reticular layer beneath the epithelial basement membrane is a feature of airway remodeling in human asthma. We previously reported the presence of subepithelial fibrosis (SEF) in a disease model of atopic asthma in which mice were sensitized and intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) (Blyth and colleagues, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 1996;14:425-438). Here, we describe further studies to quantify the degree of SEF after its induction by repeated exposure of the airways to allergen. The amount of subepithelial reticulin in the airways of animals challenged three times with 80 microg OVA was typically increased 1. 4-fold. The increased amount of reticulin showed no reduction after a 50-d period after the third allergen challenge. A reduction in SEF was achieved by daily treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) for 8 d during the allergen challenge period, or by treatment with anti-interleukin-5 antibody (TRFK5) at the time of allergen challenge. Postchallenge treatment with DEX for 15 d resulted in significant resolution of previously established SEF. Severe nonallergic inflammation during repeated exposure of airways to lipopolysaccharide did not induce SEF. The results indicate that development of SEF is associated with eosinophil infiltration into airways, and may occur only when the inflammatory stimulus is allergic in nature.
False Increase of Cardiac Troponin I with Heterophilic Antibodies (1998)

The effects on immunoassays of heterophilic antibodies (HAs) in the plasma and serum have been well documented (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). The use of monoclonal mouse antibodies for radioimaging of tumors as well as in the treatment of some cancers often gives rise to human anti-mouse antibodies. HAs can also arise as a result of incidental or occupational exposure to foreign proteins, as in the case of veterinarians, farm workers, and food preparers, or by the presence of domestic animals in the home environment. The prevalence of HAs in the general population has been estimated to be as high as 40% (1). Typically, these antibodies are of the IgG class and recognize epitopes on the Fc portion of the foreign immunoglobulin, although instances where the epitope is located in the Fab region have been reported (6)(7). Additionally, the binding of these antibodies is not always species-specific, making it possible that antigens from two different species can be cross-linked. Although usually not clinically significant, the presence of high titers of these antibodies can lead to analytical errors in commonly used “sandwich” immunoassays by cross-linking the capture and label antibodies in the absence of specific analyte. Such cross-linking by HAs has been shown to lead to falsely increased CK-MB and CA125 (6)(7)(8).

Most modern immunoassays contain nonspecific, “blocker” immunoglobulins originating from the same species as the analyte-specific antibodies in an attempt to limit the effect of HAs; however, the problem persists. We report here a 69-year-old man whose plasma and serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were falsely increased when measured using the Abbott AxSYM® cTnI assay. We demonstrate that HAs accounted for the falsely increased cTnI, and we suggest how to resolve such situations.

A 69-year-old Caucasian man …
Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits prostaglandin D2 generation by inhibiting cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 in cultured human mast cells (1999)

Pre-incubation with EPA primarily affects the COX-2 pathway in cultured human mast cells and reduces PGD2 generation in response to IgE-anti-IgE challenge incubation. These findings suggest that COX-1 and COX-2 have different substrate flow systems in mast cells. They also suggest that endogenous EPA diet supplementation would reduce PGD2 production and could serve as an anti-inflammatory substrate in human mast cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Carbene-Generating Biotinylated Lactosylceramide Analog as a Novel Chromogenic Photoprobe for GM3 Synthase. (1996)

A new biotinylated lactose derivative bearing a nitro-substituted chromogenic diazirine was synthesized. The biotinyl group within the structure enabled the performance of a convenient assay of GM3 synthase based on avidin-biotin technology, and the Km values of this biotinylated photoprobe were determined as 40 and 47 microM using bovine brain and rat liver Golgi as enzyme sources, respectively. Furthermore, the sialylation of lactosylceramide, a natural acceptor substrate for GM3 synthase, was competitively inhibited by this synthetic analog. The reagent could be a useful chromogenic photoprobe for GM3 synthase.
Use of Subjective Global Assessment to Identify Nutrition-Associated Complications and Death in Geriatric Long-Term Care Facility Residents (2000)

Subjective Global Assessment of nutritional status appears to be a simple, noninvasive and cost-effective tool for assessing nutritional status of geriatric residents in long-term care facilities. This assessment tool is also beneficial for identifying patients with increased risk of nutrition-associated complications as well as death.
The use of creatinine output as a check on the completeness of 24-hour urine collections. (1985)

The use of creatinine as a check on the completeness of 24-h urine collections is based on the assumption that excretion per kg body mass is constant. In a study of eight volunteers maintained on uniform diets the within-subject coefficient of variation (CV) in daily 24-h creatinine excretion was only 4 per cent under conditions in which the completeness of collections was assured. Cooked meat contains creatine and creatinine and an addition of 260 g/d cooked meat to the diet of four volunteers on a metabolic diet increased urine creatinine excretion by 23 per cent. A further source of variation in urine creatinine is the completeness of the collection itself. A new marker, PABA, was used to check the completeness of 24-h urine collections in eight subjects studied for 28 d whilst eating their normal diets. The within-subject CV of 9 per cent for 24-h creatinine excretion was not significantly different from that of 13 per cent for overall urinary N. In 122 complete 24-h urine specimens collected from a randomly selected population, the CV in creatinine excretion was 18 per cent. Twenty-one urine samples were incomplete, of which only 3 would have been detected on the basis of low creatinine by conventional standards. Of 39 hospital patients asked to collect 24-h urine samples, 12 provided incomplete samples, of which only 4 had low creatinine excretion. It is concluded that PABA is a more sensitive and reliable verification of the completeness of 24-h urine collections than creatinine.
Scalable Quantum Computing with Josephson Charge Qubits (2002)

A goal of quantum information technology is to control the quantum state of a system, including its preparation, manipulation, and measurement. However, scalability to many qubits and controlled con-nectivity between any selected qubits are two of the major stumbling blocks to achieve quantum com-puting (QC). Here we propose an experimental method, using Josephson charge qubits, to efficiently solve these two central problems. The proposed QC architecture is scalable since any two charge qubits can be effectively coupled by an experimentally accessible inductance. More importantly, we formulate an efficient and realizable QC scheme that requires only one (instead of two or more) two-bit operation to implement conditional gates.
Polymers of carbonic acid, 28. SnOct2-initiated polymerizations of trimethylene carbonate (TMC, 1,3-dioxanone-2) (2000)

SnOct2 (Sn(II) 2-ethylhexanoate) initiated polymerizations of TMC were studied either in conc. chlorobenzene solution at 80°C or in bulk at temperatures ≥ 120°C. Benzyl alcohol added as coinitiator accelerated the polymerization process and allowed a control of the number-average molecular weight (Mn) via the monomer/coinitiator ratio (M/C). The formation of benzyl carbonate endgroups allowed in turn the determination of (Mn) via 1H NMR endgroup analyses. Model reactions suggest that at 80°C intermediately formed Sn-alkoxide groups play the role of the true initiator. At 140, 160 or 180°C neat SnOct2 polymerized TMC in such a way that polyTMC having octanoate endgroups was formed. Variation of the monomer/initiator (M/I) ratio at 160°C enabled again a proper control of Mn via the M/I-ratio and high molecular weight polyTMC was obtained. The influence of back-biting degradation on the molecular weight was also studied at 160°C to find the optimum time-temperature window.
Significance of Migrainous Features in Cluster Headache: Divalproex Responsiveness (1998)

Two patients with cluster headache and prominent migrainous features are described and a shared migraine and cluster headache pathophysiology is discussed. Both patients failed routine cluster headache pharmacotherapy, one failed multiple operative interventions; however, both remitted on divalproex. It is suggested that migrainous features be assessed in cluster headache and divalproex initiated before pursuing invasive procedures.
Multiwavelength optical networks with limited wavelength conversion (2002)

This paper proposes optical wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks with limited wavelength conversion that can efficiently support lightpaths (connections) between nodes. Each lightpath follows a route in the network and must be assigned a channel along each link in its route. The load /spl lambda//sub max/ of a set of lightpath requests is the maximum over all links of the number of lightpaths that use the link. At least /spl lambda//sub max/ wavelengths will be needed to assign channels to the lightpaths. If the network has full wavelength conversion capabilities then /spl lambda//sub max/ wavelengths are sufficient to perform the channel assignment. We propose ring networks with a fixed wavelength conversion capability within the nodes that can support all lightpath request sets with load /spl lambda//sub max/ at most W-1, where W is the number of wavelengths in each link. We also propose ring networks with selective pairwise wavelength conversion capability within the nodes that can support all lightpath request sets with load /spl lambda//sub max/ at most W. We also propose a star network with fixed wavelength conversion capability at its hub node that can support all lightpath request sets with load /spl lambda//sub max/ at most W. We extend this result to tree networks and networks with arbitrary topologies. These results show that significant improvements in traffic-carrying capacity can be obtained in WDM network by providing a very limited wavelength conversion capability within the network.
Echelette Zone Plates for Use in Far Infrared Spectroscopy (1952)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Walsh, "Echelette Zone Plates for Use in Far Infrared Spectroscopy," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 213-213 (1952) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
CATALYTIC ALKYLATION OF ANILINE (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCATALYTIC ALKYLATION OF ANILINEA. B. Brown and E. Emmet ReidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 8, 1836–1839Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01673a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01673a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views460Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polarography of Phenyl 2-Thienyl and 2,2'-Dithienyl Ketones (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolarography of Phenyl 2-Thienyl and 2,2'-Dithienyl KetonesR. A. Day Jr. and W. A. BlanchardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 4, 1166–1167Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01633a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01633a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
El empleo de los recursos estilísticos en el relato de A. P. Chéjov "La dama del perrito" como expresión de la idea del autor (2003)

En este articulo se presenta un analisis sobre el empleo de los recursos estilisticos retoricas en el relato de A. P. Chejov La dama del perrito como expresion de la idea del autor. Despues de una introduccion y una sinopsis argumental, se ofrece la enumeracion y el comentario de las figuras retoricas mas significativas, asi como ejemplos representativos de recursos estilisticos que abundan en beneficio de la economia del lenguaje, rasgo caracteristico de la linea discursiva de la prosa de Chejov. Todos estos ingredientes sirven de ayuda para la comprension y la decodificacion del texto, y, consecuentemente, para un acercamiento satisfactorio a la idea del autor
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Regulates Kir2.3 Inward Rectifier K+ Channels via Phospholipase C and Protein Kinase C-δ in Reactive Astrocytes from Adult Rat Brain (2002)

The multifunctional cytokine, transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)), exerts complex effects on astrocytes with early signaling events being less well characterized than transcriptional mechanisms. We examined the effect of TGF-beta(1) on the 14-pS Kir2.3 inward rectifier K(+) channel in rat primary cultured reactive astrocytes. Immunofluorescence study showed that cells co-expressed TGF-beta(1) receptors 1 and 2, Kir2.3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Patch clamp study showed that TGF-beta(1) (0.1-100 ng/ml) caused a rapid (<5 min) depolarization because of dose-dependent down-regulation of Kir2.3 channels, which was mimicked by the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (10-500 nm) and which was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor calphostin C (100 nm), by PKC desensitization produced by 3 h of exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (100 nm), and by the PKC-delta isoform-specific inhibitor rottlerin (50 microm). Immunoblot analysis and confocal imaging showed that TGF-beta(1) caused PKC-delta translocation to membrane, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that TGF-beta(1) enhanced association between Kir2.3 and PKC-delta. Additional electrophysiological experiments showed that Kir2.3 channel down-regulation was blocked by the phospholipase C inhibitors, neomycin (100 microm) and D609 (200 microm). Given the commonality of signaling involving PLC-PKC-delta, we speculate that TGF-beta(1)-evoked depolarization may be an early signaling event related to gene transcription in astrocytes.
How do people manage their digital photographs? (2003)

In this paper we present and discuss the findings of a study that investigated how people manage their collections of digital photographs. The six-month, 13-participant study included interviews, questionnaires, and analysis of usage statistics gathered from an instrumented digital photograph management tool called Shoebox. Alongside simple browsing features such as folders, thumbnails and timelines, Shoebox has some advanced multimedia features: content-based image retrieval and speech recognition applied to voice annotations. Our results suggest that participants found their digital photos much easier to manage than their non-digital ones, but that this advantage was almost entirely due to the simple browsing features. The advanced features were not used very often and their perceived utility was low. These results should help to inform the design of improved tools for managing personal digital photographs.
A change point method for linear profile data (2006)

Abstract We propose a change point approach based on the segmented regression technique for testing the constancy of the regression parameters in a linear profile data set. Each sample collected over time in the historical data set consists of several bivariate observations for which a simple linear regression model is appropriate. The change point approach is based on the likelihood ratio test for a change in one or more regression parameters. We compare the performance of this method to that of the most effective Phase I linear profile control chart approaches using a simulation study. The advantages of the change point method over the existing methods are greatly improved detection of sustained step changes in the process parameters and improved diagnostic tools to determine the sources of profile variation and the location(s) of the change point(s). Also, we give an approximation for appropriate thresholds for the test statistic. The use of the change point method is demonstrated using a data set from a calibration application at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.