gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An integrated binary correlator module (1983)

A correlator module using the pseudorandom comparison (PRC) algorithm has been designed and fabricated in a standard 8 /spl mu/m PMOS process. It demonstrates the validity of the principle and the feasibility of a low-cost integrated correlator or RMS meter based on it. The chip runs at a sampling rate of 500 kHz, dissipates 90 mW, and its size is 2.4 mm/SUP 2/ not including the delay element which is an external standard component.
cis-[PtCl2(4,7-H-5-methyl-7-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine)2]:  A Sterically Restrictive New Cisplatin Analogue. Reaction Kinetics with Model Nucleobases, DNA Interaction Studies, Antitumor Activity, and Structure−Activity Relationships (1998)

The formation and isolation of the antitumor drug cisplatin analogue cis-[PtCl2(Hmtpo-N3)2].2H2O (1) (where Hmtpo = 4,7-H-5-methyl-7-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine) by reaction of Hmpto with K2[PtCl4] in HCl (0.5 N) is reported. This complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell dimensions a = 15.215(2) A, b = 9.629(1) A, c = 13.115(3) A, beta = 97.40(2) degrees, and Z = 4. The molecular structure shows that Pt is in an almost square planar environment, PtN2Cl2, which has a cis configuration. The Hmpto ligands show a head to head orientation in the solid state and nonrestricted rotation about the Pt-N bonds in solution. The reactivity of the complex to model nucleobases 9-ethylguanine (9-EtGH) and 1-methylcytosine (1-MeC) has been investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy at 45 degrees C in aqueous media. The results show that 1 reacts slowly with 9-EtGH (t1/2 approximately 5 days) by displacement of Cl-, producing cis-[Pt(mtpo-N3)2(9-EtGH-N7)2], which is similar to the major cross-link adduct of cisplatin with DNA. However, 1 gives no reaction with 1-MeC. This appears to be due to the lesser reactivity of 1-MeC and to competition between the cross-link reaction and dimerization of 1 to [Pt2(mu-mtpo-N3,N4)4]. Circular dichroism studies of DNA in the presence of 1 show that the platinum complex reacts efficiently after 48 h at a optimum ratio of 0.25 Pt atom/mol of DNA nucleotide. These results and those obtained from reaction of 1 with 9-EtGH suggest that the platinum compound binds the N7 atoms of two guanines of the same strand, forming intrastrand cross-linked adducts. Chelation of DNA bases by 1 causes important conformational changes, bringing the guanines close together. The anticancer activity of complex 1 has been tested against the human cancer cell lines MCF-7 breast carcinoma and A121 ovarian carcinoma. Results indicate a moderate antitumor activity against breast carcinoma and a marked and selective cytotoxic effect against ovarian carcinoma.
Implementing hypertext database relationships through aggregations and exception (1991)

In order to combine hypertext with database facilities, we show how to extract an effeetive storage structure from given instance relationships.
Poly(organophosphazenes)—Unusual New High Polymers (1977)

Abstract An inorganic‐backbone high polymer system based on alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms promises to solve many of the problems hitherto associated with conventional organic polymers. The chemistry, structure, biomedical, and technological aspects of these polymers are reviewed.
Microsoap for Waiting Rooms (2005)

Contemporary Western lifestyles are increasingly contextualised by our ability to accommodate change. While change within the workplace is commonly experienced, ideal relationships are less frequently characterised by lifelong commitment, and we are seem much more geographically mobile than we used to be. The success of mobile phone technology is partly because of its perception as the telecommunications medium of choice for people whose lifestyles are characterised by transience. This environment of transience and uncertainty is exacerbated by our contemporary experience of the city as under constant threat of random terror. Such an atmosphere recalls aspects of the noir aesthetic. This paper will suggest that the mobile phone is a noir device, and that rich media that responds to the phone as a noir device has particular resonances. Rich media for mobile phones is consumed under particular circumstances while travelling or waiting, for example. Consumption of mobile phone media is often a distraction rather a focus, and is therefore designed for short duration engagement. Coupled with the exorbitant costs of data carriage, short duration mobile phone based story-telling is a model that is currently attracting considerable attention. Writing soap opera for mobile delivery presents particular challenges. There are already some models, for example 24 (2005) and Random Place (2005). I will present examples of my work-in-progress microsoap, RL , and discuss the challenges faced by this nascent genre, and decisions I have made. Issues include: The one-minute narrative Trade-offs between image and audio Aesthetics Personal consumption Art galleries traditionally seek to create permanent places for permanent artworks. Media for mobile phones presupposes ephemerality, a core noir psychology. The paper will conclude with some reflections on the relationship of such works to traditional ideas of art.
Quality of Placental Pathology Reports (2003)

The surgical report is an important means of documenting normal and abnormal findings, and for distilling such information into a meaningful clinico-pathologic correlation. An audit of the quality of placental reports from four laboratories was performed using an arbitrary numerical scoring scheme that examined the gross, histologic, and commentary components of each report. The mean scores from the four laboratories were not statistically different from each other. Three (2%) and 48 (33%) of the 147 singleton placentas scored less than 50 and 75%, respectively, on this scoring scheme. None and 14 (41%) of the placentas from 34 multiple pregnancies scored less than 50 and 75%, respectively. Different aspects of the gross and histologic examination were reported variably by the laboratories. Commentaries on gross or histologic abnormalities, and in relation to clinical indications, were inconsistently reported. The standards of placental surgical reporting can be improved. The use of templates and checklists for reporting of placentas may be considered.
<title>Experience with CANDID: comparison algorithm for navigating digital image databases</title> (1995)

This paper presents results from our experience with CANDID (comparison algorithm for navigating digital image databases), which was designed to facilitate image retrieval by content using a query-by-example methodology. A global signature describing the texture, shape, or color content is first computed for every image stored in a database, and a normalized similarity measure between probability density functions of feature vectors is used to match signatures. This method can be used to retrieve images from a database that are similar to a user-provided example image. Results for three test applications are included.
PEA3/ETV4-related transcription factors coupled with active ERK signalling are associated with poor prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma (2011)

This study shows that members of the PEA3 subfamily of transcription factors are upregulated in gastric adenocarcinomas and that the simultaneous upregulation of PEA3 expression and ERK pathway signalling is indicative of late-stage disease and a poor survival prognosis.
Characterization of the nuclear and cytoplasmic components of the lymphoid-specific nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) complex. (1993)

The lymphoid-specific transcription complex, NF-AT, is involved in early gene activation in T cells and is assembled from a pre-existing, T cell restricted cytoplasmic factor and an inducible ubiquitous nuclear component within 30 min after activation through the antigen receptor. Recent studies have implicated the family of AP1 factors as components of the murine NF-AT complex. Evidence is provided here that the nuclear component of human NF-AT contains the phorbol ester-inducible transcription factor AP1 (Jun/Fos). We further characterize which AP1 family members can assume this role. Antisera to Fos inhibits NF-AT DNA binding as does an oligonucleotide containing a binding site for AP1. Constitutive expression in vivo of Fos, and to a lesser extent Fra-1, eliminates the requirement for phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation, leaving NF-AT-directed transcription responsive to calcium ionophore alone. Overexpression of cJun or JunD, but not JunB, also eliminates the requirement for PMA, indicating that many but not all Jun- and Fos-related proteins functionally activate NF-AT-dependent transcription in the presence of the cytoplasmic component. NF-AT DNA binding can be reconstituted in vitro using semi-purified AP1 proteins mixed with cytosol from T lymphocytes. Fos proteins are not needed for this reconstitution, and although JunB is not functional, it can participate in the NF-AT DNA binding complex. Finally, we have partially purified the cytoplasmic component of NF-AT and show by elution and renaturation from SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels that it has a molecular mass between 94 and 116 kDa and may have multiple differentially modified forms.
Cerebral Mitochondrial Metabolism in Early Parkinson's Disease (2008)

Abnormal cerebral energy metabolism owing to dysfunction of mitochondrial electron transport has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, in vivo data of mitochondrial dysfunction have been inconsistent. We directly investigated mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in vivo in 12 patients with early, never-medicated PD and 12 age-matched normal controls by combined measurements of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) and the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) with positron emission tomography. The primary analysis showed a statistically significant 24% increase in bihemispheric CMRO(2) and no change in CMRO(2)/CMRglc. These findings are inconsistent with a defect in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation owing to reduced activity of the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS). Because PD symptoms were already manifest, deficient energy production owing to a reduced activity of the mitochondrial ETS cannot be a primary mechanism of neuronal death in early PD. Alternatively, this general increase in CMRO(2) could be due not to an increased metabolic demand but to an uncoupling of ATP production from oxidation in the terminal stage of oxidative phosphorylation. Whether this is the case in early PD and whether it is important in the pathogenesis of PD will require further study.
Efficient full-wave simulation in layered, lossy media (2002)

We describe a fast integral equation-based method for full-wave extraction in layered media. The method uses a combination of the fast integral equation solver IES/sup 3/, layered Green's functions, and a formulation that gives a well-conditioned linear system even in the "electrically-small" regime (i.e., when circuit structures are a fraction of the wavelength of light). The overall approach gives O(NlogN) complexity, where N is the number of panels in a discretization of the conductor surfaces. We apply our method to the simulation of an integrated inductor on a lossy CMOS substrate and compare the results to measurement.
Enhanced Phosphorylation of p53 by ATM in Response to DNA Damage (1998)

The ATM protein, encoded by the gene responsible for the human genetic disorder ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), regulates several cellular responses to DNA breaks. ATM shares a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related domain with several proteins, some of them protein kinases. A wortmannin-sensitive protein kinase activity was associated with endogenous or recombinant ATM and was abolished by structural ATM mutations. In vitro substrates included the translation repressor PHAS-I and the p53 protein. ATM phosphorylated p53 in vitro on a single residue, serine-15, which is phosphorylated in vivo in response to DNA damage. This activity was markedly enhanced within minutes after treatment of cells with a radiomimetic drug; the total amount of ATM remained unchanged. Various damage-induced responses may be activated by enhancement of the protein kinase activity of ATM.
Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2002)

Through chemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes, the prerequisites for possible applications of such nanostructures are established. The derivatized tubes differ from the crude materials in their good solubility, which enables both a more extensive characterization and subsequent chemical reactivity. Current derivatization methods include defect and covalent sidewall functionalization, as well as noncovalent exo- and endohedral functionalization. In this way, for example, a range of nanotubes can be prepared: with sidewall substituents, wrapped with polymers, or with guest molecules included. The current state of the literature is presented in this Minireview.
Key challenges in future Li-battery research (2010)

Batteries are a major technological challenge in this new century as they are a key method to make more efficient use of energy. Although today's Li-ion technology has conquered the portable electronic markets and is still improving, it falls short of meeting the demands dictated by the powering of both hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles or by the storage of renewable energies (wind, solar). There is room for optimism as long as we pursue paradigm shifts while keeping in mind the concept of materials sustainability. Some of these concepts, relying on new ways to prepare electrode materials via eco-efficient processes, on the use of organic rather than inorganic materials or new chemistries will be discussed. Achieving these concepts will require the inputs of multiple disciplines.
Effects of Two Anti-TNF-α Compounds: Etanercept and 5-Ethyl-1-Phenyl-2-(1H)-Pyridone on Secreted and Cell-Associated TNF-α &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; (2011)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a potent inflammatory cytokine and its exaggerated production has been implicated in acute, chronic and autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous anti-TNF-α agents have been developed to reduce its circulating levels either by neutralizing, binding or inhibiting the de novo synthesis with the aim of achieving desirable therapeutic effects. In the present study, we compared the effects of a protein-based anti-TNF-α drug, etanercept, and a non-protein-based anti-TNF-α small molecule, 5-ethyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H) pyridone (5-EPP), on the LPS-stimulated secretion of TNF-α in the medium and TNF-α associated with the THP-1 cells in vitro. Both drugs had marked concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on the LPS-stimulated secretion of TNF-α. However, their effects on the LPS-stimulated cell-associated TNF-α were diametrically opposed to each other. For instance, etanercept further increased the level by up to 12-fold, whereas 5-EPP inhibited the level in a dose dependent manner. In addition, 5-EPP caused a significant reduction in the elevated level of cell associated TNF-α caused by LPS + etanercept. The differences in the levels of cell-associated TNF-α as reported in the present study may partly explain the adverse effects of some protein-based anti-TNF-α drugs including etanercept as opposed to a non-protein-based anti-TNF-α drug such as pirfenidone, a structural analogue of 5-EPP, for treatment of some TNF-α mediated diseases. It was concluded from the findings of this study that drugs which elevate the levels of cell associated-TNF-α will potentially have more adverse events even after reducing the secreted levels of TNF-α than the drugs which reduce both the secreted and cell-associated TNF-α levels.
Improvement of light extraction efficiency of flip-chip light-emitting diode by texturing the bottom side surface of sapphire substrate (2006)

A high light-extraction efficiency was demonstrated in the flip-chip light-emitting diode (FCLED) with a textured sapphire substrate. The bottom side of a sapphire substrate was patterned using a dry etching process to increase the light-extraction efficiency. Light output power measurements indicated that the scattering of photons emitted in the active layer was considerably enhanced at the textured sapphire substrate resulting in an increase in the probability of escaping from the FCLED. The light-output power of the FCLED was increased by 40.2% for a 0.4-mum deep FCLED with a periodic distance of 13-mum mesh-type texture on the bottom side of the sapphire substrate
Factors That Predict Individual Vulnerability to Amphetamine Self-Administration (1989)

Clinical observations show that there is considerable individual variability in the response to the addictive properties of drugs. This individual variability needs to be taken into account in animal models of addiction. Like humans, only some rats readily self-administer low doses of psychostimulants. The individual animals at risk can be identified on the basis of their response to environmental or pharmacological challenges. This predisposition to develop self-administration can be induced by repeated treatment with amphetamine. These results may help elucidate the neurobiological basis of addiction liability observed in both rats and humans.
The development of efficient catalysts for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halides (2004)

In the mid 1990s, we started a program on the development of more efficient palladium catalysts for the C-C and C-N coupling reactions of aryl halides, especially aryl chlorides. In this contribution, our investigations on new catalyst systems and their application in organic synthesis are summarized.
Synthesis, optical properties, and surface modification of magic- size semiconductor nanocrystals, nanowires and nanoplatelets (2011)

We developed a new, highly general methodology for synthesis of magic-size\nnanomaterials using transitional metal salts of sterically bulky or moderate length aliphatic\ncarboxylic acids, moderate reaction temperatures and prolonged reaction times. Using this\nmethodology we were able to synthesize nanowires (NWs) of ZnSe and ZnTe with diameter\nof 1.0-1.7 nm. ZnTe NWs with diameters of ~1.7 nm are the thinnest NWs that have been\nreported for this material. The NWs have high aspect ratios (&gt;200) and multiple sharp (~8\nnm FWHM) band gap absorbance and photoluminescence maxima. Some of these narrow\nfeatures have been attributed to nanoplatelets consisting of several atomic layers of ZnSe and\nZnTe.\nThe similar synthetic approach has produced CdS, ZnSe, and ZnTe magic-size\nnanocrystals, InSe and Zn3P2 1-D nanostructures. In particular, nanoscrolls, nanorolls, and\nnanoplatelets of indium selenide were synthesized using zinc acetate and trioctylphosphine\nselenide for the first time. The material has sharp absorption maxima at 340 nm and 370 nm\nwith the corresponding band-gap photoluminescence. Transmission electron microscopy\n(TEM) images and spectroscopy data indicate that layered structures of hexagonal InSe are\neither half a unit cell or one unit cell thick. TEM of CdS shows monodisperse 1.45 nm\nnanocrystals. These CdSe nanocrystals have sharp absorption maxima around 325 nm with\nbroad photoluminescence peak at 530 nm, which can be attributed to surface-trap emission.\nCompared to ZnTe nanoplatelets, zinc phosphide materials show unique paw-print patterns\nof nanoplatelets.\nFor the first time it has been demonstrated that CdS, CdSe, and CdTe nanocrystals\ncan be transferred in polar solvents such as acetonitrile through surface ligand exchange\nreaction with diethylene glycol bis (3-aminopropryl) ether. This opens up a possibility for\nperforming mass spectrometry and electrochemistry studies on these nanocrystals. During\nphase transfer, CdTe nanocrystals undergo size-selective purification leading to the narrower\nabsorbance maxima.
Detecting Protein Function and Protein-Protein Interactions from Genome Sequences (1999)

A computational method is proposed for inferring protein interactions from genome sequences on the basis of the observation that some pairs of interacting proteins have homologs in another organism fused into a single protein chain. Searching sequences from many genomes revealed 6809 such putative protein-protein interactions in Escherichia coli and 45,502 in yeast. Many members of these pairs were confirmed as functionally related; computational filtering further enriches for interactions. Some proteins have links to several other proteins; these coupled links appear to represent functional interactions such as complexes or pathways. Experimentally confirmed interacting pairs are documented in a Database of Interacting Proteins.
Alsin, the Product of ALS2 Gene, Suppresses SOD1 Mutant Neurotoxicity through RhoGEF Domain by Interacting with SOD1 Mutants (2004)

Mutation of the ALS2 gene encoding alsin is linked to the onset of autosomal recessive motor neuron diseases, including juvenile-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Alsin long form (LF) belongs to the family of the guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF) for small GTPases. Expression of alsin LF, but not alsin short form, protected motor neuronal cells from toxicity induced by mutants of the Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene, which cause autosomal dominant ALS. In contrast, expression of alsin did not suppress neurotoxicity by other neurodegenerative insults such as Alzheimer's disease-related genes. Deletion analysis of alsin LF demonstrated that the RhoGEF domain is essential for alsin-mediated neuroprotection. Furthermore, we found that alsin LF bound to SOD1 mutants, but not to wtSOD1, via the RhoGEF domain. Such functional and physical interaction between two ALS-related genes will become a promising clue to clarify the pathogenesis of ALS and other motor neuron diseases.
[Metastatic cancer in transposed ovaries after radical Wertheim-Meigs hysterectomy for a stage I B and II A cervical cancer]. (2003)

In this research work we show our and foreign experience in preserving the ovarian function in young women and cervical cancer stage I B and II A. 6 cases are quoted for the period of time from 1987 till 2003 (4 patients with ovarian metastases from our experience and 2 patients with ovarian metastases found from the greek colleagues). Histologically 3 patients were with adenosquamous metastatic cervical cancers and 3 patients with squamous metastatic cervical cancers in the region of the transposed ovaries. The metastases occurred mostly 2 to 3 years after the radical hysterectomies a modo Wertheim-Meigs. Nevertheless our experience which is connected with radical hysterectomies a modeo W. Meigs including both ovaries, we have also experience in transposing ovaries /one or both of them/. In some of them we found metastases. In our research work we found 4 cases with metastases in transposed ovaries. In these cases a chemotherapy was applied: mitomicin C, etoposide, and cysplatinum. The greek colleagues also have applied such schemes of chemotherapy. 3 from the patients had a very good effect from the chemotherapy, in 2 the recurrences have appeared 2 years after the chemotherapy, and in one case there was a very big progression of the disease, nevertheless the chemotherapy. IT is very important for the oncogynaecologist to clear up if the transposition of the ovaries is safe and effective, especially in young patients with early cervical cancer receiving postoperative radiotherapy. That is why we did this research work in order to give more light on this problem.