gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Syndecan-4 Proteoglycan Cytoplasmic Domain and Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate Coordinately Regulate Protein Kinase C Activity (1998)

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by regulating actin-associated proteins. The transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 also plays a critical role in protein kinase C (PKC) signaling in the formation of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. The cytoplasmic domain of syndecan-4 core protein directly interacts with and potentiates PKCalpha activity, and it can directly interact with the phos- phoinositide PIP2. We, therefore, investigated whether the interaction of inositol phosphates and inositol phospholipids with syndecan-4 could regulate PKC activity. Data from in vitro kinase assays using purified PKCalpha beta gamma show that in the absence of phosphatidylserine and diolein, PIP2 increased the extent of autophosphorylation of PKCalpha beta gamma and partially activated it to phosphorylate both histone III-S and an epidermal growth factor receptor peptide. This activity was dose-dependent, and its calcium dependence varied with PKC isotype/source. Addition of the cytoplasmic syndecan-4 peptide, but not equivalent syndecan-1 or syndecan-2 peptides, potentiated the partial activation of PKCalpha beta gamma by PIP2, resulting in activity greater than that observed with phosphatidylserine, diolein, and calcium. This study indicates that syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain may bind both PIP2 and PKCalpha, localize them to forming focal adhesions, and potentiate PKCalpha activity there.
Untransfected and SV40-transfected fetal and postnatal human thymic stromal cells. Analysis of phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production. (1993)

The thymic stromal network is complex and heterogeneous, containing thymic epithelial cells which are thought to play an important role during T-cell development and thymic fibroblasts which role is less defined. We herein present a phenotypic and functional comparison between defined thymic stromal cell populations. We transfected SV40 ori- into fetal and postnatal thymic stromal cell cultures and obtained SV40-immortalized clones of epithelial and fibroblastic nature as demonstrated by expression of intracellular keratin. These various clones were characterized in detail and compared to their untransfected bulk culture counterparts for phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production. All the different thymic stromal cells examined, constitutively expressed ICAM-1, LFA-3, MHC class I antigens, CD44, and the genes coding for IL-7, SCF and TGF-beta, but not TNF-alpha. After IL-1 stimulation, epithelial cells seemed to produce more GM-CSF than fibroblasts, and that trend was also seen for IL-6 secretion. SV40 cells were also regulated by IFN-gamma which induced MHC class II antigens and inhibited the IL-1 induced GM-CSF production. SV40 cells differed from their untransfected counterparts by an atypical expression of CD40 and lacked constitutive IL-1 alpha gene expression. We isolated clones with distinct properties, 24SV48, a highly proliferative CD34 positive TEC secreting low levels of GM-CSF and lacking constitutive IL-1 alpha and beta gene expression, and CT1SV93, an epithelial clone of postnatal origin with a high IL-1-induced cytokine production. In spite of differences with untransfected bulk cultures, the various SV40 immortalized clones may represent useful tools to further study the human thymic stroma.
De novo expression of uncoupling protein 3 is associated to enhanced mitochondrial thioesterase‐1 expression and fatty acid metabolism in liver of fenofibrate‐treated rats (2002)

Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a member of the mitochondrial carrier superfamily, preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle. Its function is not fully understood and it is debated whether it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation as does UCP1 in brown adipose tissue. Recent evidences suggest a role for UCP3 in the flux of fatty acids in and out mitochondria and their utilization in concert with mitochondrial thioesterase-1 (MTE-1). In fact, mice overexpressing muscle UCP3 also show high levels of MTE-1. Fenofibrate is a hypolipidemic drug that prevents body weight gain in diet-induced obese rats and enhances lipid metabolism by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Because fatty acids and fenofibrate stimulate PPARs and in turn UCP3, we investigated whether UCP3 expression might be induced 'de novo' in situations of increased hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid utilization caused by a combined effect of a high-fat diet and fenofibrate treatment. We also investigated whether Mte-1 expression and beta-oxidation were affected. We show here that Ucp3 is induced in liver of fenofibrate-treated rats at the mRNA and protein level. Expression was restricted to hepatocytes and was unevenly distributed in the liver. No increase in cell proliferation, inflammatory or fibrotic responses was found. Mte-1 expression and mitochondrial beta-oxidation were upregulated. Thus, Ucp3 can be transactivated in tissues where it is normally silent and fenofibrate can attain this effect in liver. The data demonstrate that UCP3 is involved in fatty acid utilization and support the notion that UCP3 and MTE-1 are linked within the same metabolic pathway.
A Micro-Fabricated Linear Array of Electrospray Emitters for Thruster Applications (2006)

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of an internally fed linear array of electrospray emitters intended for space propulsion applications. The engine uses doped formamide as propellant and operates in the single-Taylor-cone droplet emission regime. The engine implements the concept of hydraulic and electrodynamic flow rate matching to achieve electrical control. The engine uses a set of meso-scaled silicon deflection springs to assemble the hydraulics to the electrodes, allowing to decouple the corresponding process flows. The micro-fabrication of the engine is described and novel technologies that were developed are reported. Experimental results that demonstrate cumulative uniform and steady operation are provided. Current-flowrate characteristics of the engine are in agreement with a reduced-order model. Experimental data demonstrating the low divergence of electrospray emitter arrays operated in the single Taylor Cone is in qualitative agreement with a reduced-order mode that assumes the absence of a thermalized tail in the plume
Race detection for two-phase systems (1990)

The authors present RACE2, a tool to find latch race-through in two-phase, non-underlapped-clock systems. Though these systems can run at very high clock speeds, susceptibility to race-through has made them difficult to design. RACE2, by detecting all race-through violations, greatly reduces the design risk on these very fast systems. It combines the exhaustive search of a pattern-independent tool with a knowledge base of fundamental principles about when races are-and are not-important. Planned enhancements include detection of saved-state races, detection of charge-share races, improved robustness, and better pruning methods for faster worst-case runtimes. For pieces of a large two-phase full-custom chip, CPU execution times are in minutes, seconds on a VAX-8800. To date, RACE2 has found five races in the chip, all of which were undetected by design reviews and logic simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nonflammable Hydrofluoroether for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Enhanced Rate Capability, Cyclability, and Low-Temperature Performance (2009)

A hydrofluoroether, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-methoxyperfluoropentane (TMMP), was investigated as a nonflammable electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. This paper reports on the psychochemical properties of the TMMP-mixed electrolyte [ lithium bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl) imide (LiBETI)/ethylene carbonate+diethyl carbonate (5:45:50)] in relation with the battery performances. The TMMP-mixed electrolyte showed effective nonflammability with prolonged ignition time . No differences in oxidative and reductive decomposition currents were observed in the operation voltage range of lithium-ion batteries ( vs ) for the electrolytes with and without TMMP. At a high rate of , 75% of the capacity (obtained at ) was obtained for the TMMP-mixed electrolyte, while less than 40% was obtained for the electrolytes without TMMP [ LiBETI/ (50:50) and (5:95)]. The low-temperature performance and cyclability were also significantly improved for the TMMP-mixed electrolyte.
Perfect reconstruction FIR filter banks: some properties and factorizations (1989)

Perfect reconstruction finite impulse-response (FIR) filter banks are analyzed both in the z-transform and time domains, showing the alternatives between designs in the two domains. Various classes of perfect reconstruction schemes are indicated, and relations between previously known systems are given. Windowed modulated filter banks with low computational complexity and perfect reconstruction are shown. New factorizations of polyphase filter matrices leading in particular to linear-phase filters, are given. The computational complexity and the architecture of the new structures are indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Über die Kondensation des Cuminols mit Methyl‐propyl‐keton (1910)

ii ur e , Co H1 (S .CO .CHI).COOH.Mau erwiirmt Thiosalicylsiiure init Eisessig und uberschiissigern Acetylchlorid wahrend einer Stunde aiii RiickfluBkuhler :iuF dem Wasserbad und gieBt die entstandene
Direct, activating interaction between glycogen synthase kinase-3β and p53 after DNA damage (2002)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) is a central figure in Wnt signaling, in which its activity is controlled by regulatory binding proteins. Here we show that binding proteins outside the Wnt pathway also control the activity of GSK3beta. DNA damage induced by camptothecin, which activates the tumor suppressor p53, was found to activate GSK3beta. This activation occurred by a phosphorylation-independent mechanism involving direct binding of GSK3beta to p53, which was confined to the nucleus where p53 is localized, and mutated p53 (R175H) bound but did not activate GSK3beta. Activation of GSK3 promoted responses to p53 including increases in p21 levels and caspase-3 activity. Thus, after DNA damage there is a direct interaction between p53 and GSK3beta, and these proteins act in concert to regulate cellular responses to DNA damage.
Amylase-producing plasmacytoma cell lines, AD3 and FR4, with der(14)t(8;14) and dic(8)t(1;8) established from ascites. (1990)

We established two human plasma cell lines, FR4 and AD3, from ascitic fluid in a patient with IgA k plasmacytoma (PC). Aberrant amylase production was found in this patient. Both AD3 and FR4 were free of Epstein-Barr virus, and both produced Ig A k in vitro. They produced amylase of the salivary type in vitro. This was confirmed by the demonstration of amylase mRNA comigrating with salivary gland mRNA. These cell lines commonly had unusual chromosomal abnormalities der(14)t(8;14) and dic(8)t(1;8). AD3 had additional chromosomal abnormalities compared with FR4. This suggests that AD3 is a subline of FR4. The oncogene c-myc is rearranged in most case of Burkitt's lymphoma with t(8;14). However, neither rearrangement nor amplification of the c-myc allele was detected in our PC lines. These lines expressed c-myc of 2.4 kb. There were no structural changes in the amylase genes of AD3 and FR4 detectable with Southern blotting analysis. As these lines were authentic PC lines, they would be useful for the future study of the relationship between the mechanism of oncogenesis and the rare tumor aberration, amylase production.
Anomaly detection using call stack information (2004)

The call stack of a program execution can be a very good information source for intrusion detection. There is no prior work on dynamically extracting information from the call stack and effectively using it to detect exploits. In this paper we propose a new method to do anomaly detection using call stack information. The basic idea is to extract return addresses from the call stack, and generate an abstract execution path between two program execution points. Experiments show that our method can detect some attacks that cannot be detected by other approaches, while its convergence and false positive performance is comparable to or better than the other approaches. We compare our method with other approaches by analyzing their underlying principles and thus achieve a better characterization of their performance, in particular on what and why attacks will be missed by the various approaches.
Der p I, a major allergen of the house dust mite, proteolytically cleaves the low‐affinity receptor for human IgE (CD23) (1995)

The nature of the proteases that cleave CD23 in vivo is of considerable interest, but remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Der p I, a major allergen of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cleaves CD23 from the surface of cultured human B cells (RPMI 8866 B cell line). The cleavage of the receptor from the B cell surface was associated with a parallel increase in soluble CD23 (sCD23) in the culture supernatant. Furthermore, the proteolytic effect of Der p I was specific for CD23, since none of the other B cell markers tested (CD20, HLA-DR, CD71 and CD49d) were affected. Labeled antibody experiments and protease inhibition assays clearly demonstrate that Der p I is a cysteine protease that directly cleaves a 25-kDa fragment of CD23. These data suggest that the cysteine protease Der p I, in addition to being highly immunogenic, may up-regulate IgE synthesis by virtue of its ability to cleave CD23.
Selecting Profitable Hotel Sites at La Quinta Motor Inns (1990)

Selecting a good site plays a crucial role in the success of a hotel, and as competition intensifies in the lodging industry, it has become increasingly important. The success of a site is based on competitive, demographic, physical, market awareness, and demand generator variables. We built a regression model for La Quinta Motor Inns, a mid-sized hotel chain headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, that predicted profitability for sites under consideration. We validated the regression model on new data and incorporated it into a spreadsheet decision model that management uses for selecting sites. The model minimizes the risk of picking an unprofitable site.
Bone-mounted miniature robot for surgical procedures: concept and clinical applications (2003)

This paper presents a new approach to robot-assisted spine and trauma surgery in which a miniature robot is directly mounted on the patient's bony structure near the surgical site. The robot is designed to operate in a semiactive mode to precisely position and orient a drill or a needle in various surgical procedures. Since the robot forms a single rigid body with the anatomy, there is no need for immobilization or motion tracking, which greatly enhances and simplifies the robot's registration to the target anatomy. To demonstrate this concept, we developed the MiniAture Robot for Surgical procedures (MARS), a cylindrical 5/spl times/7 cm/sup 3/, 200-g, six-degree-of-freedom parallel manipulator. We are currently developing two clinical applications to demonstrate the concept: 1) surgical tools guiding for spinal pedicle screws placement; and 2) drill guiding for distal locking screws in intramedullary nailing. In both cases, a tool guide attached to the robot is positioned at a planned location with a few intraoperative fluoroscopic X-ray images. Preliminary in-vitro experiments demonstrate the feasibility of this concept.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Is Essential for Postnatal Growth in Response to Growth Hormone (1999)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is essential for cell growth and intrauterine development while both IGF-I and GH are required for postnatal growth. To explore the possibility of direct GH action on body growth, independent of IGF-I production, we have studied the effects of GH in an IGF-I-deficient mouse line created by the Cre/loxP system. The IGF-I null mice are born with 35% growth retardation and show delayed onset of peripubertal growth, grow significantly slower, and do not attain puberty. Their adult body weight was approximately one third and body length about two thirds that of their wild-type litter mates. Injection of recombinant human GH (rhGH, 3 mg/kg, twice daily, sc) between postnatal day 14 (P14) to P56 failed to stimulate their growth as measured as both body weight and length. In contrast, wild-type mice receiving the same doses of rhGH exhibited accelerated growth starting at P21 that continued until P56, when their body weight was increased by 30% and length by 12% compared with control mice treated with diluent. Despite the lack of response in growth, IGF-I null mice have normal levels of GH receptor expression in the liver and increased liver Jun B expression and liver size in response to rhGH treatment. Our results support an essential role for IGF-I in GH-induced postnatal body growth in mice.
Pathogenesis of Infection by Human Papillomavirus (2014)

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with benign lesions known as warts and several cancer types including cancer of the cervix, penis, anus and oral cavity. HPVs are classified by their oncogenic potential and are divided into high-risk oncogenic HPVs and low-risk HPVs. Tissue tropism is used as another means of classifying the virus, and HPVs are divided into types that infect mucosal or cutaneous tissues. Several risk factors have been identified that elevate an individual's likelihood of becoming infected with HPV including cigarette smoking, a large number of lifetime sexual partners and immunosuppression. Most HPV infections are cleared naturally, although persistent infection with oncogenic HPV types can lead to the cancers mentioned above. HPV has employed several mechanisms to avoid detection by the host immune system. Virus is released along with shedding skin cells in a nonlytic manner, and the virus has an altered codon usage leading to reduced expression of viral proteins. Infections from high-risk oncogenic HPV types that progress cause neoplasias that are defined as CIN1-CIN3 depending on the amount of abnormal cell growth and the level of cellular differentiation.
A monolithic pressure-pH sensor for esophageal studies (1982)

This paper describes a single-chip sensor which has been developed to allow the diagnosis of esophageal abnormalities in the ambulatory patient. The chip consists of a capacitive pressure transducer and an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET). The pressure transducer uses a boron etch-stopped diaphragm and a batch fabricated lead transfer. The pressure sensitivity is about 1000 ppm/mmHg with a temperature sensitivity of +30 ppm/°C. The ISFET has a pH sensitivity of about 50 mV/pH with a temperature coefficient of about 0.015 pH/°C. These temperature sensitivities are low enough that individual temperature trims of the transducers are eliminated in this application, even though temperature excursions of 30°C can occur simultaneously with pressure and pH changes during swallowing. The chip is compatible with use in a 3 mm OD catheter.
An Efficient and Inexpensive Catalyst System for the Aza‐Michael Reactions of Enones with Carbamates. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Powder metallurgy processed Nb/sub 3/Sn(Ta) wire for high field NMR magnets (1995)

Powder metallurgy together with a multi-tin core approach was used to fabricate industrial scale lengths of Ta alloyed Nb/sub 3/Sn wire. The wire produced high critical currents (I/sub c/) along with high critical current densities (J/sub c/) at fields up to 20 tesla and 4.2 K. The wire was produced for a program funded by Battelle Pacific Northwest. One objective of the program was to compare various commercially available wires for applications in high field NMR magnets. The 1.5 mm diameter PM wire compares well with other wires tested in the program. More than 250 m of the 1.5 mm diameter wire was used to fabricate a superconducting model coil. The coil exhibited an I/sub c/ equal to that of a short sample. The performance of the Ta doped wire examined here was lower than those of similar PM wires which were produced earlier using Ti doping. Diffusion dynamics of the tin inside the wire was studied at various stages of heat treatment and was correlated to the properties of the wire.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the reduction of the out-of-band radiation of OFDM-signals (2002)

OFDM is very suitable as a modulation scheme for future indoor mobile radio systems due to its simple realization and the resistance to interference caused by frequency-selective fading. Opposed to the various advantages of OFDM there is the disadvantage of a nonconstant envelope that, in the case of a nonlinear characteristic of the transmitter amplifier, leads to undesirable out-of-band radiation. Results concerning the reduction of out-of-band radiation are presented which were achieved by a new method we call BERC (bandwidth efficient reduction of the crest factor). Furthermore, the performance of an algorithm to decrease the out-of-band radiation caused by the rectangular shape of the basic pulse is investigated.
Internal low-energy cardioversion: A therapeutic option for restoring sinus rhythm in chronic atrial fibrillation after failure of external cardioversion (1999)

This study provides evidence in support of low-energy internal cardioversion as a valuable therapeutic option in patients in whom conventional external cardioversion failed. This technique is safe and does not require general anaesthesia.
Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using fibre Bragg gratings in a twisted configuration (2005)

A novel sensing head for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature is demonstrated, based on two Bragg gratings arranged in a twisted configuration. Choosing an appropriate twisting period, the grating resonance wavelengths show similar temperature sensitivities but different strain responses, permitting simultaneous discrimination of these parameters with rms deviations of ± 1.5 °C and ± 4.7 µe, respectively.
A rapid and general method for the asymmetric synthesis of 2-substituted pyrrolidines using tert-butanesulfinamide (2005)

A new method for the asymmetric synthesis of 2-substituted pyrrolidines in three steps from commercially available starting materials is described. Addition of the Grignard reagent prepared from 2-(2-bromoethyl)-1,3-dioxane to N-tert-butanesulfinyl aldimines proceeds in high yields and with good diastereoselectivities. The sulfinamide products are then cleanly converted into pyrrolidines in one step.
Syndecan-2–positive, Bone Marrow–derived Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuate Bacterial-induced Acute Lung Injury and Enhance Resolution of Ventilator-induced Lung Injury in Rats (2018)

A CD362 human mesenchymal stromal cell population decreased Escherichia coli-induced pneumonia severity and enhanced recovery after ventilator-induced lung injury.
Effect of various normalization methods on Applied Biosystems expression array system data (2006)

Our results showed a high level of concordance between these normalization methods. This is true, regardless of whether signal, detection, variation, fold change measurements and reproducibility were interrogated. Furthermore, we used TaqMan assays as a reference, to generate TPR and FDR plots for the various normalization methods across the assay range. Little impact is observed on the TP and FP rates in detection of differentially expressed genes. Additionally, little effect was observed by the various normalization methods on the statistical approaches analyzed which indicates a certain robustness of the analysis methods currently in use in the field, particularly when used in conjunction with the Applied Biosystems Gene Expression System.