gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadband phase-coherent optical frequency synthesis with actively linked Ti:sapphire and Cr:forsterite femtosecond lasers (2004)

We link the output spectra of a Ti:sapphire and a Cr:forsterite femtosecond laser phase coherently to form a continuous frequency comb with a wavelength coverage of 0.57-1.45 microm at power levels of 1 nW to 40 microW per frequency mode. To achieve this, the laser repetition rates and the carrier-envelope offset frequencies are phase locked to each other. The coherence time between the individual components of the two combs is 40 micros. The timing jitter between the lasers is 20 fs. The combined frequency comb is self-referenced for access to its overall offset frequency. We report the first demonstration to our knowledge of an extremely broadband and continuous, high-powered and phase-coherent frequency comb from two femtosecond lasers with different gain media.
Microsoft Outlook for Dummies (1996)

Gain a whole new outlook on e-mail Overwhelmed by e-mail and ready to simplify your inbox? You'll be surprised at all the things you can accomplish with this mini guide to effectively using Outlook 2010. From creating notes, managing e-mail, and maintaining your calendar to eliminating spam and tracking your schedule, you'll take back control of your inbox and stay organized with Outlook 2010 and help from For Dummies. Open the book and find:Tips for setting up the Navigation paneEasy e-mail essentialsSteps for storing names and addresses&lt;
Stability of within-sport specialisation in competitive adolescent sub-elite swimmers (2016)

The study aimed to assess the stability of stroke selection during adolescence and the determination of within-sport specialisation. All swimmers (448 males, 14.1±1.6 y and 518 females, 13.9±1.6 y) who competed in an annual international schools championship from 2006 to 2013 were analysed. Kruskal-Wallis tests identified the significant differences between paired stroke combinations and the relative frequency of each pair was determined from Cohen’s Kappa tests. The percentage of swimmers selecting the same event in two of three paired age categories (13-14, 15-16, 17-18 y) was calculated for each sex separately (n=78). Stability of stroke selections were determined using Cohen’s Kappa tests. The most preferred combination of events selected was 50 and 100 m freestyle for males (33.9±5.8%) and females (36.9±6.5%). The least preferred combination was 100 m breaststroke with 100 m butterfly for males (2.7±1.7%), and 200 m freestyle with 100 m breaststroke for females (1.9±1.4%). Males were less stable than females in electing to swim the same events from when first competing until their final competition. Breaststroke was the only stroke where early specialisation was observed. Young swimmers appear to be drawn towards particular stroke combinations over distance specialisation and males choices stabilise later compared with females.
New Insights into the Origin, Structure and Role of CD52: A Major Component of the Mammalian Sperm Glycocalyx (2000)

The sperm glycocalyx represents the primary interface between the male gamete and its environment, and gamete interaction inevitably involves interaction with this structure. Thus, it has potential significance as a target for antibodies that inhibit sperm function. Still, little is known about the components and biological role of the sperm glycocalyx. Despite the apparent complexity of the sperm membrane, surface carbohydrate labelling experiments show a high selectivity suggesting that carbohydrate side chains of CD52, an unusually short, bipolar glycopeptide of epididymal origin, form major components of the sperm glycocalyx in all mammalian species investigated. Acquisition of the highly sialylated, lipid-anchored CD52 antigen is one of the few well-defined modifications that occur to the sperm membrane during epididymal passage. It would explain changes in lectin-binding patterns and also the remarkable surface charge differences occurring during epididymal transit, most probably attributable to its terminal sialic acid residues. CD52 seems to be immunodominant on human spermatozoa, and antibodies directed against it can agglutinate and completely immobilize human sperm in the presence of complement. Expression of the same peptide backbone in lymphocytes had largely discounted its consideration as a candidate for contraceptive development. However, the recent proof of male-specific modifications indicates the feasibility of this approach.
Animal Models and Medical Countermeasures Development for Radiation-Induced Lung Damage: Report from an NIAID Workshop (2012)

Since 9/11, there have been concerns that terrorists may detonate a radiological or nuclear device in an American city. Aside from several decorporation and blocking agents for use against internal radionuclide contamination, there are currently no medications within the Strategic National Stockpile that are approved to treat the immediate or delayed complications resulting from accidental exposure to radiation. Although the majority of research attention has focused on developing countermeasures that target the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract, since they represent the most acutely radiosensitive organs, individuals who survive early radiation syndromes will likely suffer late effects in the months that follow. Of particular concern are the delayed effects seen in the lung that play a major role in late mortality seen in radiation-exposed patients and accident victims. To address these concerns, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases convened a workshop to discuss pulmonary model development, mechanisms of radiation-induced lung injury, targets for medical countermeasures development, and end points to evaluate treatment efficacy. Other topics covered included guidance on the challenges of developing and licensing drugs and treatments specific to a radiation lung damage indication. This report reviews the data presented, as well as key points from the ensuing discussion.
Feature-level analysis of a novel smartphone application for smoking cessation (2014)

In this exploratory analysis without control for multiple comparisons, viewing a quit plan (CBT) as well as tracking practice of letting urges pass (ACT) were both appealing to app users and associated with successful quitting. Aside from these features, there was little overlap between a feature's popularity and its prospective association with quitting. Tests of causal associations between feature usage and smoking cessation are now needed.
An efficient easily adaptable system for interpreting natural language queries (1982)

This paper gives an overall account of a prototype natural language question answering system, called Chat-80. Chat-80 has been designed to be both efficient and easily adaptable to a variety of applications. The system is implemented entirely in Prolog, a programming language based on logic. With the aid of a logic-based grammar formalism called extraposition grammars, Chat-80 translates English questions into the Prolog subset of logic. The resulting logical expression is then transformed by a planning algorithm into efficient Prolog, cf. query optimisation in a relational database. Finally, the Prolog form is executed to yield the answer. On a domain of world geography, most questions within the English subset are answered in well under one second, including relatively complex queries.
Primary structure of duck amyloid protein A The form deposited in tissues may be identical to its serum precursor (1987)

The amino acid sequence has been determined for the major protein that accumulates in amyloid fibrils in tissues of the Pekin duck. With the exception of 16 residues at the amino terminus, this 106-residue protein is homologous with human serum amyloid protein A (104-residue apoSAA), which is the putative precursor of the 76-residue protein that accumulates in human patients with amyloidosis. Duck serum is shown to contain a protein that is immunologically related and approximately equal in size (12 kDa) to the deposited form in ducks. These results indicate that proteolytic processing of the precursor is not a necessary step in the deposition of amyloid fibrils, at least in the duck.
Startups y Covid-19 (2020)

Son momentos de incertidumbre, pero tambien estamos ante una magnifica oportunidad de darle forma a proyectos e ideas y emprender ya que se avecinan nuevos tiempos y la esperada crisis economica que nos comienza a azotar va a dejar en tela de juicio determinadas lineas de negocios y brindara oportunidades para nuevas formar de entender los negocios y mercados.
Alkaline Serine Proteinase: A Major Allergen of Aspergillus oryzae and Its Cross-Reactivity with Penicillium citrinum (1998)

The 34-kD major allergen of A. oryzae is an alkaline serine proteinase. There is IgE cross-reactivity between the major serine proteinase allergens of A. oryzae and P. citrinum.
Cellular streptolysin S-related hemolysins of group A Streptococcus C203S (1975)

Group A streptococci strain C203S, grown in heart infusion broth with 0.3% maltose, produce two cellular hemolysins related to extracellular streptolysin S (SLS). Enzymatic lysis of the streptococci by group C streptococcal phage-associated lysin results in release of low titer, labile hemolysin, which can be stabilized by ribonucleic acid (RNA)-core (RNA preparation from yeast). This labile hemolysin can be detected only after the higher titer cellular streptolysin O is removed by erythrocyte membranes or inactivated by N-ethylmaleimide. The other cellular SLS-related hemolysin is released in a latent state (potential hemolysin) which can be activated to high-titer hemolysin by sonication with RNA-core. The titer of such activated hemolysin depends upon the intensity of sonic energy, duration of sonication, and amount of RNA-core. RNA obtained from the streptococci is far less effective than RNA-core. When the cocci are disrupted by sonication or grinding, potential hemolysin and/or activated form may be released, depending upon the conditions employed. The potential hemolysin material is large and heterogeneous; activation appears to involve, in part, disaggregation or fragmentation. Labile hemolysin, potential hemolysin, and the activated form of potential hemolysin can all be converted to hemolysin having the same hemolytic and physical properties as RNA-core SLS, suggesting that all have the same hemolytic moiety. The presence of glucose in heart infusion broth prevents formation of both potential hemolysin and RNA-core SLS by log-phase cells, whereas addition of glucose to a culture in heart infusion broth with 0.3% maltose stops accumulation of potential hemolysin but does not affect continuation of RNA-core SLS release. These results suggest that potential hemolysin is a cellular precursor to RNA-core SLS.
Mechanisms of inverse agonist action at D2 dopamine receptors (2005)

Mechanisms of inverse agonist action at the D2(short) dopamine receptor have been examined. Discrimination of G-protein-coupled and -uncoupled forms of the receptor by inverse agonists was examined in competition ligand-binding studies versus the agonist [3H]NPA at a concentration labelling both G-protein-coupled and -uncoupled receptors. Competition of inverse agonists versus [3H]NPA gave data that were fitted best by a two-binding site model in the absence of GTP but by a one-binding site model in the presence of GTP. K(i) values were derived from the competition data for binding of the inverse agonists to G-protein-uncoupled and -coupled receptors. K(coupled) and K(uncoupled) were statistically different for the set of compounds tested (ANOVA) but the individual values were different in a post hoc test only for (+)-butaclamol. These observations were supported by simulations of these competition experiments according to the extended ternary complex model. Inverse agonist efficacy of the ligands was assessed from their ability to reduce agonist-independent [35S]GTP gamma S binding to varying degrees in concentration-response curves. Inverse agonism by (+)-butaclamol and spiperone occurred at higher potency when GDP was added to assays, whereas the potency of (-)-sulpiride was unaffected. These data show that some inverse agonists ((+)-butaclamol, spiperone) achieve inverse agonism by stabilising the uncoupled form of the receptor at the expense of the coupled form. For other compounds tested, we were unable to define the mechanism.
Periodic signal suppression in a concurrent fault simulator (1991)

Clock suppression has been proposed to take advantage of the periodic signals such as the clock present in synchronous designs. In clock suppression, no events due to the clock input are generated, but the information can be reconstructed as needed. In this paper, the authors present periodic signal suppression, which is a generalized form of clock suppression, as a means to suppress predictable events of all periodic signals throughout the circuit. To do this, a special signal state labeled P is introduced. P states indicate that signals are periodic, but cause no unnecessary activity in an event driven simulator. At any time, the original waveform can be reconstructed from the periodic signal. This general implementation allows clock suppression to work on divided or gated clocks and on signals that may alternate periodic and non-periodic behavior in addition to the clock tree. Moreover, concurrent simulation of faults on the suppressed signal wires including the clock tree is possible. >
Total Mineral Material, Acidity, Sulphur and Nitrogen in Rain and Snow at Kentville, Nova Scotia (1957)

Analyses of total ash, sulphur, pH, ammonia and nitrate nitrogen have been made on 23 monthly precipitation samples and 17 individual snow samples collected between June 195z and May 1954 at Kentville, Nova Scotia, in a predominantly agricultural area.Mean annual supply of total mineral ash was 95 kg/ha, of sulphur 9.1 kg/ha, of ammonia nitrogen 2.8 kg/ha, and of nitrate nitrogen 1.1 kg/ha.Average pH was 5.7.and rains more acid than this exhibited higher levels of both nitrate and sulphur, and a marked correlation between the latter and ammonia.Snow samples had much lower concentrations of ash, sulphur and nitrogen than rain samples collected in the same months, which may perhaps indicate a lower efficiency of snow flakes in removing materials from the atmosphere.
The Keratin Proteins of Wool, Horn and Hoof from Sheep (1977)

This paper compares the constituent low-sulphur and high-sulphur proteins isolated from the three hard keratins-wool, horn and hoof-produced by the sheep, In general the low-sulphur protein fractions from the three keratins are similar in composition and range of molecular sizes. The same can be said for the high-sulphur protein fractions. However the relative proportions of the component proteins within each fraction vary from keratin to keratin, Hom and hoof are more similar to each other than they are to wool and, compared to wool, they contain less total high-sulphur protein and a smaller proportion of those high-sulphur protein fractions of highest sulphur content. There is a changed distribution of protein components in the low-sulphur protein fractions, and one of the wool components is apparently missing from horn and hoof.
All-trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (1997)

All-trans-retinoic acid as induction or maintenance treatment improves disease-free and overall survival as compared with chemotherapy alone and should be included in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Stringent sequence requirements for the formation of human telomeres. (1994)

In human cells, transfection of telomeric T2AG3 repeats induces the formation of functional telomeres at previously interstitial sites. We report that telomere formation has stringent sequence requirements. While (T2AG3)n telomere seeds formed telomeres in approximately 70% of the transfected cells, five T2AG3-related heterologous telomeric DNAs seeded new telomeres in < 5% of the transfectants. Telomere formation did not correlate with the ability of human telomerase to elongate telomeric sequences in vitro. Homologous recombination is probably also not involved because a (T2AG3)n telomere seed with nontelomeric DNA at 160-bp intervals formed new telomeres frequently. Instead, the sequence dependence of telomere formation matched the in vitro binding requirements for the mammalian T2AG3 repeat binding factor (TRF). Human TRF failed to bind ineffective heterologous telomere seeds and had a 4-fold lower affinity for (T2AG5)2T2AG3 repeats, which seeded telomeres with reduced frequency. The results suggest that telomere seeds interact with TRF and predict that mammalian artificial chromosomes will require wild-type telomeric repeats at, or near, their termini.
Online road segmentation for urban complex environments (2010)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to stable near and long range perception for various complex outdoor environments. Our techniques cope robustly with near-range road estimation using a laser scanner and long-range terrain classification using a color camera. Near-range road surface conditions are estimated by using information of remission value as reflectivity of a laser. We apply graph cut algorithm to grid map in order to estimate road region robustly also in complex environments where fallen leaves exist sparsely. Moreover, we propose superpixel-based terrain classification method which can give a good performance compared with pixel-based classification. Experimental results have shown that demonstrate a marked increase in long-range classification and near-range road estimation accuracy over standard methods.
Ueber lösliche, durch aseptische Autolyse erhaltene Giftstoffe von Ruhr- und Typhusbazillen (1903)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Improved Regularization of Convolutional Neural Networks with Cutout (2017)

Convolutional neural networks are capable of learning powerful representational spaces, which are necessary for tackling complex learning tasks. However, due to the model capacity required to capture such representations, they are often susceptible to overfitting and therefore require proper regularization in order to generalize well. In this paper, we show that the simple regularization technique of randomly masking out square regions of input during training, which we call cutout, can be used to improve the robustness and overall performance of convolutional neural networks. Not only is this method extremely easy to implement, but we also demonstrate that it can be used in conjunction with existing forms of data augmentation and other regularizers to further improve model performance. We evaluate this method by applying it to current state-of-the-art architectures on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and SVHN datasets, yielding new state-of-the-art results of 2.56%, 15.20%, and 1.30% test error respectively. Code is available at https://github.com/uoguelph-mlrg/Cutout
Evidence for the Involvement of Central Opioidergic Systems in L-Tyrosine Methyl Ester-Induced Analgesia in the Rat (1988)

Intraperitoneal administration of L-tyrosine (used as methyl ester HCl) produced dose-dependent analgesia in male Sprague-Dawley rats as measured by the tail-flick test. The maximal analgesic response was obtained with 200 mg/kg dose of tyrosine. Administration of morphine also produced a dose-dependent analgesic response. Tyrosine in doses of 50 mg/kg or higher potentiated morphine-induced analgesia. The analgesic response of tyrosine (200 mg/kg) was antagonized by naloxone (1 mg/kg), an opiate antagonist. Subcutaneous administration of methyl naltrexone bromide (MRZ 2663 BR, 1 and 10 mg/kg) had no effect on tyrosine-induced analgesia. Intracerebroventricular injection of MRZ 2663 BR (1 and 10 micrograms/rat) effectively blocked tyrosine-induced analgesia. It is concluded that tyrosine-induced analgesia and its potentiation of analgesic response to morphine may be mediated via either the opiate receptors or activation of endogenous opioidergic systems of central origin.
BindingDB Entry 4895: Binding of typical and atypical antipsychotic agents to 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 and 5-hydroxytryptamine-7 receptors. (2011)

The authors examined the affinities of 36 typical and atypical antipsychotic agents for the cloned rat 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 (5-HT6) and rat 5-hydroxytryptamine-7 (5-HT7) receptors in transiently expressed COS-7 cells (5-HT7) or stably transfected HEK-293 cells (5-HT6 receptors). Clozapine and several related atypical antipsychotic agents (rilapine, olanzepine, tiospirone, fluperlapine, clorotepine and zotepine) had high affinities for the newly discovered 5-HT6 receptor (Kis < 20 nM). The 5-HT7 receptor bound clozapine, rilapine, fluperlapine, clorotepine, zotepine and risperidone but not tiospirone and olanzepine, with affinities less than 15 nM. In addition, several typical antipsychotic agents (chloroprothixene, chlorpromazine, clothiapine and fluphenazine) had high affinities for both the 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors. Pimozide, a diphenylbutylpiperidine, had the highest affinity of all the typical antipsychotic agents tested for the 5-HT7 receptor (Ki = 0.5 nM). Three putative atypical antipsychotic agents melperone, amperozide and MDL 100907 did not bind with high affinities to either the 5-HT6 or 5-HT7 receptors (Kis > 50 nM). Several dopamine-selective antipsychotic agents (raclopride, rimcazole and penfluridol) had essentially no affinity for either the 5-HT6 or 5-HT7 receptors (Ki values > 5000 nM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studies on a Nuclease from Ustilago maydis (1973)

Abstract The nuclease from Ustilago maydis liberates oligonucleotides from heat-denatured DNA with a preferential attack at deoxyguanosine residues during the early course of hydrolysis. However, after exhaustive digestion, a large proportion of mononucleotides are found to accumulate. Examination of partial digests of denatured T7 DNA by sucrose gradient centrifugation indicates that the DNA is reduced progressively to smaller fragments. Single stranded circular DNA from phage φX174 is refractory to hydrolysis by the enzyme. This finding suggests that the enzyme requires DNA ends for activity. When DNA radioactively labeled specifically at either the 3' end or the 5' end is digested with the nuclease, the label is liberated at a faster rate than the total nucleotide. The enzyme introduces single strand breaks into linear duplex DNA, but will not degrade circular duplex DNA.