gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soil Bacteria Elevate Essential Oil Accumulation and Emissions in Sweet Basil (2009)

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria ameliorate environmental conditions for plants by facilitating nutrient uptake and mitigating disease susceptibility. While volatile chemicals from certain soil microbes are sufficient to elicit growth and defense responses in Arabidopsis, whether such volatile signals can induce essential oil accumulation and chemical emissions has yet to be reported. Here, we provide biochemical evidence that the plant growth-promoting soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis GB03 releases volatile chemicals that elevate fresh weight essential oil accumulation and emissions along with plant size in the terpene-rich herb sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). The two major essential oil components from sweet basil, alpha-terpineol and eugenol, increased ca. 2- and 10-fold, respectively, in plants exposed to GB03 volatiles or with root inoculation as compared to water controls. On a fresh and dry weight basis, shoot and root biomass increases of ca. 2-fold were observed with GB03 volatile exposure or GB03 media inoculation as compared with controls. In testing the efficacy of GB03 volatiles to trigger plant growth and secondary compound production, a physical partition separating roots from bacterial media was provided to preclude nonvolatile microbial elicitors from contributing to GB03-stimulated basil responses. These results demonstrate that volatile bacterial elicitors can concomitantly increase essential oil production and biomass in an herbaceous species rich in commercially valued essential oils.
Adhesion of cells to polystyrene surfaces. (1983)

The surface treatment of polystyrene, which is required to make polystyrene suitable for cell adhesion and spreading, was investigated. Examination of surfaces treated with sulfuric acid or various oxidizing agents using (a) x-ray photoelectron and attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and (b) measurement of surface carboxyl-, hydroxyl-, and sulfur-containing groups by various radiochemical methods showed that sulfuric acid produces an insignificant number of sulfonic acid groups on polystyrene. This technique together with various oxidation techniques that render surfaces suitable for cell culture generated high surface densities of hydroxyl groups. The importance of surface hydroxyl groups for the adhesion of baby hamster kidney cells or leukocytes was demonstrated by the inhibition of adhesion when these groups were blocked: blocking of carboxyl groups did not inhibit adhesion and may raise the adhesion of a surface. These results applied to cell adhesion in the presence and absence of serum. The relative unimportance of fibronectin for the adhesion and spreading of baby hamster kidney cells to hydroxyl-rich surfaces was concluded when cells spread on such surfaces after protein synthesis was inhibited with cycloheximide, fibronectin was removed by trypsinization, and trypsin activity was stopped with leupeptin.
Flow Equilibration Towards Horizontal Wells Using Downhole Valves (2001)

Abstract This paper analyzes the problem of heel coning under a variety of drive mechanisms and studies how deployment of downhole flow control devices along the length of the horizontal well affects this phenomenon. To reproduce the heel coning effect for homogeneous permeability fields, wellbore hydraulics must be taken into account. The control approach adopted in this work aims to achieve equal inflow from the heel and toe halves of the completion by adjusting the choke position in accordance with the in-situ flow rate. This strategy likens the behavior of the instrumented well to an infinite conductivity well, as far as inflow is concerned. The control strategy, however, has an outflow/lift cost, as it requires running stinger tubing inside the liner. For water-drive, this scheme results in delay of water breakthrough and extension of the pure oil production plateau. Alternatively, plateau production could be increased. For gas cap-drive, analogous conclusions hold except that the gas/oil ratio constraint necessitates a cycled production scheme with rate cutbacks for successive cycles. For the combined aquifer- and gas cap-drive, control mitigates gas coning more than water coning, because the well is positioned nearer the water-oil contact to satisfy the maximum recovery criterion within the operational constraints adopted in this study. Active control by downhole valves, therefore, is an effective means of overcoming the problem of heel coning where the displacing phase is water, gas, or both. Drainage becomes isotropically more uniform. In practice, realization of this scheme requires a fully coupled flow monitoring and control system.
Electroholographic wavelength selective crossconnect (1999)

An active multidimensional 'drop filter' built of electroholographic (EH) wavelength selective switches is described schematically. The switches are arranged in a full crossbar configuration. The WDM signal entering the device through the input port is first collimated and then broken into its single wavelength channels by a set of passive filters. Each component is directed along one of the columns of the crossbar. By activating the appropriate EH switch the respective component will be diverted to the selected output. Thus, any group of selected WDM channels can be permutated between the output.
Thermodynamics of Calixarene Chemistry (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of Calixarene ChemistryAngela F. Danil de Namor, Robert M. Cleverley, and Mariel L. Zapata-OrmacheaView Author Information Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, U.K. Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 7, 2495–2526Publication Date (Web):September 18, 1998Publication History Received25 August 1997Revised28 May 1998Published online18 September 1998Published inissue 5 November 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970095whttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970095wresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2596Altmetric-Citations294LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cations,Complexation,Ligands,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Noninvasive in vivo fluorescence measurement of airway-surface liquid depth, salt concentration, and pH (2001)

The concentration of salt in the thin layer of fluid at the surface of large airways, the airway-surface liquid (ASL), is believed to be of central importance in airway physiology and in the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis. Invasive sampling methods have yielded a wide range of ASL [NaCl] from 40 to 180 mM. We have developed novel fluorescent probes and microscopy methods to measure ASL thickness, salt concentration, and pH quantitatively in cell-culture models and in the trachea in vivo. By rapid z-scanning confocal microscopy, ASL thickness was 21 +/- 4 microm in well-differentiated cultures of bovine tracheal epithelial cells grown on porous supports at an air-liquid interface. By ratio imaging fluorescence microscopy using sodium, chloride, and pH-sensitive fluorescent indicators, ASL [Na+] was 97 +/- 5 mM, [Cl-] was 118 +/- 3 mM, and pH was 6.94 +/- 0.03. In anesthetized mice in which a transparent window was created in the trachea, ASL thickness was 45 +/- 5 microm, [Na+] was 115 +/- 4 mM, [Cl-] was 140 +/- 5 mM, and pH was 6.95 +/- 0.05. Similar ASL tonicity and pH were found in cystic fibrosis (CFTR-null) mice. In freshly harvested human bronchi, ASL thickness was 55 +/- 5 microm, [Na+] was 103 +/- 3 mM, [Cl-] was 92 +/- 4 mM, and pH was 6.78 +/- 0.2. These results establish by a noninvasive approach the key properties of the ASL and provide direct evidence that the ASL is approximately isotonic and not saltier in cystic fibrosis.
Integration of Wounding and Osmotic Stress Signals Determines the Expression of the AtMYB102 Transcription Factor Gene (2003)

Transcript levels of the Arabidopsis R2R3-AtMYB102 transcription factor gene, previously named AtM4, are rapidly induced by osmotic stress or abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Reporter gene expression studies revealed that in addition, wounding is required for full induction of the gene. Histochemical analysis showed a local beta-glucuronidase induction around the wounding site, especially in veins. In ABA-treated plants, wounding-induced beta-glucuronidase activity could be mimicked by the wound signaling compound methyl jasmonate. In silico studies of the AtMYB102 promoter sequence and its close homolog AtMYB74 demonstrated several conserved putative stress regulatory elements such as an ABA-responsive element, its coupling element 1 (CE1), and a W box. Interestingly, further studies showed that the 5'-untranslated region is essential for the osmotic stress and wounding induced expression of the AtMYB102 gene. This 5'-untranslated region contains putative conserved regulatory elements such as a second W box and an overlapping MYB-binding element. These studies suggest that AtMYB102 expression depends on and integrates signals derived from both wounding and osmotic stress.
VelocImmune: Immunoglobulin Variable Region Humanized Mice (2009)

The study of immunology is inexorably linked to the practice of animal husbandry. For example, the word “vaccinate” is derived from the Latin vaccinus meaning “of or from cows.” The name stems from the practice of protecting people from the deadly smallpox virus by inoculating them with an extract derived from sores of cow udders infected with the innocuous cowpox virus. Later, the serum of animals that had been repeatedly exposed to sublethal doses of diptheria toxin was shown to protect humans against diphtheria, a discovery that eventually led to the discovery of antibodies. Eventually the study of antibody-producing cells in mice led to the invention of monoclonal antibody technology by Kohler and Milstein in 1975. Thus, it is no surprise that germline engineering of the mouse was put to immunological use soon after this powerful technology was developed. Here I describe the VelocImmune® mouse created several years ago by megabase-scale humanization of the variable portion of mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) loci, by far the largest such precision genome-engineering project to date, and compare it with other methods for the generation of humanized or fully human monoclonal antibody therapeutics.
Selective in vivo localization of daunorubicin small unilamellar vesicles in solid tumors. (1992)

Small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), consisting of highly purified distearoyl phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol (2:1 mol ratio) selectively increased the delivery of entrapped daunorubicin to solid tumors in vivo. When measured against free drug, SUV-entrapped daunorubicin produced a nearly 10-fold increase in tumor uptake and efficacy when used to treat a murine lymphosarcoma model (P-1798). In a second murine solid tumor model, MA16C mammary adenocarcinoma, the median survival time for daunorubicin SUV treatment at 2 mg/kg (72 days) was equivalent to the median survival time for the free drug optimal dose, 20 mg/kg (70 days), again indicating a 10-fold increased therapeutic efficacy. When compared at maximum efficacious doses in the MA16C model, the proportion of long-term survivors was greater with daunorubicin SUVs: 10 long-term survivors of 10 mice treated with daunorubicin SUVs at 25 mg/kg versus 4 long-term survivors of 10 mice treated with free drug at 20 mg/kg. The lowest toxic doses for MA16C tumor-bearing animals (treatment median survival times less than controls) were 25 mg/kg for free drug and 40 mg/kg for daunorubicin SUVs. The demonstration of enhanced antineoplastic activity and an increased tolerance for daunorubicin suggests that this specific SUV composition may be an effective delivery system for a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of solid tumors.
Generating languages of solid models (1993)

This paper explores the automatic generation of solid models based on a grammatical paradigm. It presents a formalism, boundary solid grammars, for this purpose. Boundary solid grammars allow complex geometric conditions and operations to be expressed using a logical reasoning mechanism, the construction of powerful rules, and the description of grammars for generation of solid models that is appropriate for a variety of design domains. The formalism is well suited to computer implementation, and we demonstrate a prototype interpreter.
Smart antennas for broadband wireless access networks (1999)

This article is an overview of smart antenna applications in fixed broadband wireless access networks. Different smart antenna techniques are described including advances such as "spatial multiplexing" that can dramatically increase the performance of BWA networks. The impact of SA techniques on capacity and throughput of BWA networks is discussed.
Play (2016)

Abstract Play is something that we all do; it is often easy to recognize, but also remarkably difficult to define. The meaning of “play” and its role within society have been a subject of debate since antiquity; and providing an agreed‐upon definition of what constitutes play has remained both elusive and fraught with controversy. But though definitions are difficult, they are necessary to provide a frame of reference to contextualize and focus discussion. This entry sets out some of the key theories and debates relating to the definition of play, focusing most notably on the highly influential work of Johan Huizinga, and those who have drawn, built on, and critiqued his work.
A Study on e-Business Application of Power Industry: Current Status and FutureTrend. (2004)

The Information Technique (IT) industry in Taiwan is the fastest growing industry to enter the international market. The information industry has the need for e-Business application and the implementation of global logistics management (GLM). In order to be efficient, the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) stated a series of projects related to the e-Business in IT industry since 2000. One of the objectives of this study is to discuss the status of e-Business implementation since 2000. This study focuses on the implementation of e-Business in each sub-industry in the respect of industry property and value chain such as the industry activities and Key Performance Indicator (KPI). Moreover, this study also discusses the future trend of e-Business according to the status of industry development.
Longitudinal spatial instability in symmetric semiconductor lasers due to spatial hole burning (1992)

A novel type of longitudinal instability due to spatial hole burning in symmetric semiconductor laser structures (DFB lasers in particular) is examined analytically and numerically. It is shown that, at a certain output power, the gain and refractive index spatial distributions of the lasing mode become unstable. Above this output power, the modal gains and oscillation frequencies change drastically, which often causes multimode operation. A measure of the cavity stability is introduced and derived analytically for a Fabry-Perot and a single phase-shifted DFB laser. Results from numerical simulations of a multiple phase-shifted DFB laser are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Electroporation by using bipolar oscillating electric field: an improved method for DNA transfection of NIH 3T3 cells. (1991)

Using the plasmid DNA pSV2-neo (which, when integrated into the cellular genome confers resistance to the antibiotic G418 for selection), we examined and compared the transfection efficiency on NIH 3T3 cells electropermeabilized by applying a sequence of high-frequency unipolar or bipolar square waves or a single square pulse. Results show that a bipolar square wave is, at least, 1.7- and 5.5-fold more efficient than the unipolar square wave and single square pulse, respectively. In the range of electric field strength used for optimum transfection, the survivability of electropermeabilized cells was comparable between the unipolar and bipolar square waves but fell considerably with the single square pulse. Qualitative comparison of cell permeabilization induced by the three types of wave forms and monitored by ethidium bromide uptake revealed that only the bipolar square wave permeabilizes the cell membrane symmetrically at the two hemispheres facing the electrodes. With unipolar square wave or single square pulse, the membrane is permeabilized either on one side or asymmetrically. Taken together, our result suggests that permeabilization of the membrane at multiple sites without affecting cell survivability may account for the improvements in transfection efficiency observed with bipolar oscillating electric fields.
Enhanced Tumor Detection Using a Folate Receptor-Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorochrome Conjugate (2003)

Fluorescence optical imaging technologies are currently being developed to image specific molecular targets in vivo. Detection technologies range from those providing microscopic detail to whole body imaging systems with potential clinical use. A number of target-specific near-infrared imaging probes have recently been developed to image receptors, antigens, and enzymes. The goal of the current study was to evaluate a new near-infrared (NIR) folate receptor (FR)-targeted imaging probe for its ability to improve detection of FR-positive cancers. We hypothesized that modification of folate would retain receptor affinity in vivo, despite the bulkier NIR fluorochrome, NIR2 (em = 682 nm). Cellular uptake of the NIR conjugates was significantly higher in FR-positive nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma, KB cells, compared to FR-negative human fibrosarcoma, HT1080 cells. When tumors were implanted in vivo, equal-sized KB tumors showed a 2.4-fold higher signal intensity compared to HT1080 tumors (24 h). The maximum signal-to-background ratio (3-fold) was observed at 24 h in KB tumor. Injection of the unmodified NIR2 fluorochrome did not result in persistent contrast increases under similar conditions. Furthermore, tumor enhancement with the NIR2-folate probe persisted over 48 h and was inhibitable in vivo by administration of unlabeled folate. These results indicate that folate-modified NIR fluorochrome conjugate can be used for improved detection of FR-positive tumors.
Molecular organization of the desmoglein-plakoglobin complex (1998)

Different epithelial intercellular junctions contain distinct complexes incorporating plakoglobin. In adherens junctions, plakoglobin interacts with two molecules, the transmembrane adhesion protein of the cadherin family (e.g. E-cadherin) and alpha-catenin. The latter is thought to anchor the cadherin-plakoglobin complex to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. In desmosomes, plakoglobin forms a complex with desmosomal cadherins, either desmoglein (Dsg) or desmocollin (Dsc), but not with alpha-catenin. To further understand the structure and assembly of the plakoglobin-cadherin complexes we analyzed amino acid residues involved in plakoglobin-Dsg interactions using alanine scanning mutagenesis. Previously, we have shown that plakoglobin interacts with a 72 amino acid-long cytoplasmic domain (C-domain) that is conserved among desmosomal and classic cadherins. In this paper, we show that a row of the large hydrophobic residues located at the C-terminal portion of the Dsg C-domain is indispensable for interaction with plakoglobin. To study a reciprocal site we expressed plakoglobin (MPg) or its mutants tagged by 6 myc epitope in epithelial A-431 cells. Using sucrose gradient centrifugation and subsequent co-immunoprecipitation, MPg was found to be efficiently incorporated into the same type of complexes as endogenous plakoglobin. A major pool of Dsg-plakoglobin complexes sedimented at 8S and exhibited a 1:1 stoichiometry. Using alanine scanning mutagenesis and the co-immunoprecipitation assay we identified nine hydrophobic amino acids within the arm repeats 1-3 of plakoglobin, that are required for binding to Dsg and Dsc. Eight of these amino acids also participate in the interaction with alpha-catenin. No mutations were found to reduce the affinity of plakoglobin binding to E-cadherin. These data provide direct evidence that the same hydrophobic plakoglobin surface is essential for mutually exclusive interaction with distinct proteins such as alpha-catenin and desmosomal cadherins.
Dominant-Negative KvLQT1 Mutations Underlie the LQT1 Form of Long QT Syndrome (1997)

In LQTS-affected individuals these mutations would be predicted to result in a diminution of the cardiac I(Ks) current, subsequent prolongation of cardiac repolarization, and an increased risk of arrhythmias.
Nurse-physician collaboration in intensive care units* (2007)

Oregon Health & Science University, School of Nursing, Portland, OR The author has not disclosed any potential conflicts of interest.
β-Arrestin-Dependent Formation of β 2 Adrenergic Receptor-Src Protein Kinase Complexes (1999)

The Ras-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways by many receptors coupled to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) requires the activation of Src family tyrosine kinases. Stimulation of beta2 adrenergic receptors resulted in the assembly of a protein complex containing activated c-Src and the receptor. Src recruitment was mediated by beta-arrestin, which functions as an adapter protein, binding both c-Src and the agonist-occupied receptor. beta-Arrestin 1 mutants, impaired either in c-Src binding or in the ability to target receptors to clathrin-coated pits, acted as dominant negative inhibitors of beta2 adrenergic receptor-mediated activation of the MAP kinases Erk1 and Erk2. These data suggest that beta-arrestin binding, which terminates receptor-G protein coupling, also initiates a second wave of signal transduction in which the "desensitized" receptor functions as a critical structural component of a mitogenic signaling complex.