gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<p>PARP Inhibitors in Endometrial Cancer: Current Status and Perspectives</p> (2020)

Abstract: Advanced, recurrent and metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) has a dismal prognosis due to poor response rates to conventional treatments. In the era of precision medicine, the improved understanding of cancer genetics and molecular biology has led to the development of targeted therapies, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. This class of drugs that inhibit PARP enzymes has been investigated in many different types of tumors and its use in the treatment of gynecological malignancies has rapidly increased over the past few years. Data from several clinical trials showed that PARP inhibitors have a beneficial role in cancers with a defect in the homologous DNA recombination system, regardless of the BRCA mutational status. Since EC frequently shows mutations in PTEN and TP53 genes, indirectly involved in the homologous DNA recombination pathway, several in vivo and in vitro studies investigated the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in EC, showing promising results. This review will discuss the use of PARP inhibitors in endometrial cancer, summarizing data from preclinical studies and providing an overview of the ongoing trials, with a special focus on the development of combined treatment strategies with PARP inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Keywords: endometrial cancer, PARP inhibitors, PTEN mutation, P53 mutation, homologous recombination deficiency, immune checkpoint inhibitors
An analytical framework for data stream mining techniques based on challenges and requirements (2011)

A growing number of applications that generate massive streams of data need intelligent data processing and online analysis. Real-time surveillance systems, telecommunication systems, sensor networks and other dynamic environments are such examples. The imminent need for turning such data into useful information and knowledge augments the development of systems, algorithms and frameworks that address streaming challenges. The storage, querying and mining of such data sets are highly computationally challenging tasks. Mining data streams is concerned with extracting knowledge structures represented in models and patterns in non stopping streams of information. Generally, two main challenges are designing fast mining methods for data streams and need to promptly detect changing concepts and data distribution because of highly dynamic nature of data streams. The goal of this article is to analyze and classify the application of diverse data mining techniques in different challenges of data stream mining. In this paper, we present the theoretical foundations of data stream analysis and propose an analytical framework for data stream mining techniques.
The cost of unsafe injections. (1999)

Unsafe injection practices are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly from hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. These inadvertently transmitted bloodborne diseases become manifest some considerable time after infection and hence may not be appropriately accounted for. Annually more than 1.3 million deaths and US$ 535 million are estimated to be due to current unsafe injection practices. With the global increase in the number of injections for vaccination and medical services, safer injecting technologies such as auto-disable syringes must be budgeted for. Investment in health education and safer disposal will also reduce infections associated with unsafe injecting practices. Safer injecting practices are more expensive than current less safe practices, but the additional cost is more than offset by the reduction in disease that would result.
CpG Oligonucleotide Therapy Cures Subcutaneous and Orthotopic Tumors and Evokes Protective Immunity in Murine Bladder Cancer (2004)

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation is standard immunotherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. However, many patients become refractory to BCG, giving impetus to the development of alternative therapies. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) therapy has been shown to promote T(H)1-oriented antitumor responses in various tumor models. To investigate its therapeutic effect in bladder cancer, we used different CpG ODNs to treat C57BL/6 mice bearing the subcutaneous murine bladder tumor MB49. CpG type B ODN 1668 was superior at inhibiting tumor growth, leading to complete regression of large tumors. More importantly, CpG ODN 1668 also regressed orthotopically growing MB49 tumors for the first time. Rechallenge of CpG ODN-cured mice with MB49 showed that a majority of the mice were protected long term, demonstrating that CpG ODN therapy evokes a memory response. Adenoviral vectors (Ad) encoding CD40L, tumor necrosis factor-related activation-induced cytokine, lymphotactin, interleukin (IL) 2, and IL-15 were also investigated. AdCD40L and AdIL-15 transduction could abolish MB49 tumorigenicity, and these vectors were combined with CpG ODN 1668 to investigate any enhanced effects. No such effects were seen. All groups of mice treated with CpG ODNs, alone or in combination with adenoviral vector, exhibited increased serum concentrations of IL-12, indicative of a T(H)1 response. Our results show that CpG ODN therapy cures established subcutaneous and orthotopic bladder cancer via a T(H)1-mediated response and provides long-lasting protective immunity.
A Vehicle System for Autonomous Relative Survey of In-Water Ships (2007)

A new vehicle system for relative inspection of in-water ship hulls has been developed, wherein a Doppler velocity logger is used to navigate relative to the surface being inspected, and imaging is performed with a DIDSON sonar. The system is capable of working with no compass or external navigation system, and in zero visibility waters. The ability to locate and lock onto a wall, and then perform full-coverage survey is demonstrated in several field tests.
Angiostatin binds ATP synthase on the surface of human endothelial cells (1999)

Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen, is a potent antagonist of angiogenesis and an inhibitor of endothelial cell migration and proliferation. To determine whether the mechanism by which angiostatin inhibits endothelial cell migration and/or proliferation involves binding to cell surface plasminogen receptors, we isolated the binding proteins for plasminogen and angiostatin from human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Binding studies demonstrated that plasminogen and angiostatin bound in a concentration-dependent, saturable manner. Plasminogen binding was unaffected by a 100-fold molar excess of angiostatin, indicating the presence of a distinct angiostatin binding site. This finding was confirmed by ligand blot analysis of isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cell plasma membrane fractions, which demonstrated that plasminogen bound to a 44-kDa protein, whereas angiostatin bound to a 55-kDa species. Amino-terminal sequencing coupled with peptide mass fingerprinting and immunologic analyses identified the plasminogen binding protein as annexin II and the angiostatin binding protein as the alpha/beta-subunits of ATP synthase. The presence of this protein on the cell surface was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis. Angiostatin also bound to the recombinant alpha-subunit of human ATP synthase, and this binding was not inhibited by a 2,500-fold molar excess of plasminogen. Angiostatin's antiproliferative effect on endothelial cells was inhibited by as much as 90% in the presence of anti-alpha-subunit ATP synthase antibody. Binding of angiostatin to the alpha/beta-subunits of ATP synthase on the cell surface may mediate its antiangiogenic effects and the down-regulation of endothelial cell proliferation and migration.
Evolution in the Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of sp‐ and sp2‐Hybridized Carbon Atoms (2003)

Palladium-catalyzed bond-formation between alkynes and aryl halides and triflates is as fascinating today as it was nearly 30 years ago when such reactions were introduced by Sonogashira (see scheme; OTf=CF3SO3). More facile procedures, new acetylide coupling partners, and more efficient catalysts and ligand systems all combine to expand the limits of this versatile reaction.
The Applicability of Einstein's Law of Photochemical Equivalence (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Applicability of Einstein's Law of Photochemical EquivalenceB. K. MurkerjiB. K. MurkerjiMore by B. K. Murkerji and N. R. DharN. R. DharMore by N. R. DharCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1931, 35, 6, 1790–1794Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1931https://doi.org/10.1021/j150324a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (190 KB) Get e-Alerts
Treating hyperphosphatemia – current and advancing drugs (2016)

New iron-containing drugs may offer advantages, including iron supplementation, low pill burden and high efficacy. Phosphate transport inhibitors possess a high potential as add-on compounds in patients with insufficient phosphate binder therapy. One unsolved question remains at what CKD stage to start therapeutically counteracting phosphate retention.
Soluble (Pro)Renin Receptor and Blood Pressure During Pregnancy (2012)

The renin-angiotensin system is believed to influence blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy, but the associations between BP during pregnancy and the soluble form of the (pro)renin receptor (s[P]RR), a new component of the tissue renin-angiotensin system, remain undetermined. In this prospective cohort study of 437 pregnant women with normal BP (systolic <140 mm Hg and diastolic <90 mm Hg) during early pregnancy (<16 weeks of gestation) regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between plasma s(P)RR concentrations and BP in 3 gestational stages (20-24, 28-32, and 36-40 weeks of gestation) and logistic regression analysis to evaluate the incidence of preeclampsia. Plasma s(P)RR concentrations at early, middle (16-28 weeks), and late pregnancy (>28 weeks) and at delivery averaged 29.7 ± 10.0, 31.3 ± 12.0, 39.2 ± 8.9, and 40.4 ± 10.2 ng/mL (mean ± SD), respectively. A 1-ng/mL increase in plasma s(P)RR concentration in early pregnancy predicted systolic/diastolic BP elevation in the later 3 gestational stages: 0.11 (95% CI, 0.014-0.20)/0.093 (0.027-0.16) mm Hg for 20 to 24 weeks, 0.11 (0.029-0.19)/0.088 (0.027-0.15) mm Hg for 28 to 32 weeks, and 0.16 (0.058-0.26)/0.12 (0.043-0.19]) mm Hg for 36 to 40 weeks, respectively. Plasma s(P)RR concentrations in middle and late pregnancy were not associated with BP. Adjusted models revealed that women with plasma s(P)RR concentrations above the 75th percentile at delivery had a significantly increased risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio, 22.5 [95% CI, 1.8-279.9]). In conclusion, high circulating levels of s(P)RR at early pregnancy predicted a subsequent elevation in BP, and high concentrations at delivery were significantly associated with preeclampsia.
Using a rule-based algorithm to disaggregate end-use load profiles from premise-level data (1991)

A rule-based algorithm that performs systematic, rule- based pattern recognition tests for appliance energy use over every individual measurement interval is discussed. The algorithm produces heuristic load profiles by applying the firm's proprietary rule-based disaggregation algorithm to premise-level load data. It combines the load data with information on end-use connected loads, customer appliance ownership data, and customer behavioral assumptions. The results of two validation studies that demonstrate that the algorithm can produce reliable load profiles for residential end-uses with large connected loads are described. Results of other assessments of the algorithm's validity are also discussed, and an application study is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Use of a biotinylated DNA probe to detect bacteria transduced by bacteriophage P1 in soil (1989)

Presumptive bacteriophage P1 transductants of Escherichia coli, isolated from soil inoculated with lysates of transducing phage P1 and E. coli, were confirmed to be lysogenic for phage P1 by hybridization with a biotinylated DNA probe prepared from the 1.2-kilobase-pair HindIII 3 fragment of bacteriophage P1. No P1 lysogens of indigenous soil bacteria were detected with the DNA probe. The sensitivity and specificity of the DNA probe were assessed with purified and dot blot DNA, respectively. In addition, two techniques for the lysis and deproteinization of bacteria and bacteriophages on nitrocellulose filters were compared. These studies indicated that biotinylated DNA probes may be an effective alternative to conventional radiolabeled DNA probes for detecting specific gene sequences in bacteria indigenous to or introduced into soil.
Condensed thiophen ring systems. Part XVII. A new synthesis of 10H-indeno[1,2-b][1]benzothiophen (1974)

2-Phenylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-carbaldehyde p-tolylsulphonylhydrazone (7) reacted with sodium methoxide in hot bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether to give the title compound (2)(30%), together with NN′-bis-(2-phenylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-ylidene)hydrazine (15)(<5%), 2-phenyl-3-p-tolylsulphonylmethylbenzo[b]thiophen (8)(10·5%), and tar. By contrast, 3-phenylbenzo[b]thiophen-2-carbaldehyde p-tolylsulphonylhydrazone (13) gave a complex mixture of products which contained 2-hydroxymethyl-3-phenylbenzo[b]thiophen (14)(18%).
Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids and Subsequent Breast Cancer: a Prospective Italian Study (2001)

We have found that monounsaturated fats and SI in erythrocyte membranes are predictors of postmenopausal breast cancer. Both of these variables depend on the activity of the enzyme Delta 9-d. The dietary, metabolic, and hormonal factors acting on Delta 9-d expression and activity and, therefore, on patterns of fatty acid metabolism, should be further investigated as possible determinants of breast cancer.
Cysteine Proteinases and Their Inhibitors in Extracellular Fluids: Markers for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Cancer (2000)

Cathepsins B, H and L have been shown to participate in processes of tumor growth, vascularization, invasion and metastasis. Their levels in tumor tissue extracts can provide useful clinical information to predict disease-free and overall survival in breast, lung, colorectal, brain and head and neck cancer patients. Recently we have found that both cysteine cathepsins and their endogenous protein inhibitors stefins and cystatin C can also predict prognosis when measured extracellularly. In melanoma and colorectal cancer patients high serum levels of cathepsins B and H correlated with shorter survival. Similarly, increased extracellular levels of stefins A and B and cystatin C correlated significantly with high risk of adverse outcome in cancer patients. However, the cathepsin B/cystatin C complex was found to be less abundant in sera of patients with malignant tumors than in those with benign diseases or in healthy controls, suggesting an imbalance between the enzyme and its inhibitor in cancer patients.
In vitro and in vivo activity of DL-8280, a new oxazine derivative (1982)

DL-8280, 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido-(1,2,3-de)1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid, is a new nalidixic acid analog with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including obligate anaerobes. The activity of DL-8280 against Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Clostridium perfringens was roughly comparable to that of norfloxacin and far exceeded that of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid. DL-8280 had greater activity against Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter spp., and Bacteroides fragilis than did norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, and nalidixic acid. Nalidixic acid-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ampicillin-resistant gonococci, and clindamycin-resistant obligate anaerobes were also susceptible to DL-8280. The activity of DL-8280 was affected very little by inoculum size, and its action was bactericidal at two times the minimal inhibitory concentrations at most. Administered orally to mice experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, or P. aeruginosa, DL-8280 was 2 to 7 times more effective than norfloxacin and 7 to more than 50 times more active than pipemidic acid.
Optimal Bidding Strategy for Microgrids Considering Renewable Energy and Building Thermal Dynamics (2014)

In this paper, we study an optimal day-ahead price-based power scheduling problem for a community-scale microgrid (MG). The proposed optimization framework aims to balance between maximizing the expected benefit of the MG in the deregulated electricity market and minimizing the MG operation cost considering users' thermal comfort requirements and other system constraints. The power scheduling and bidding problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program where various system uncertainties are captured by using the Monte Carlo simulation approach. Our formulation is novel in that it can exploit the thermal dynamic characteristics of buildings to compensate for the variable and intermittent nature of renewable energy resources and enables us to achieve desirable tradeoffs for different conflicting design objectives. Extensive numerical results are presented to demonstrate the great benefits in exploiting the building thermal dynamics and the flexibility of the proposed scheduling method in achieving different practical design tradeoffs. We also investigate the impacts of different design and system parameters on the curtailment of renewable energy resources and the optimal expected profit of the MG.
Knowledge based modelling of homologous proteins, part II: rules for the conformations of substituted sidechains (1987)

This paper describes a rapid, automated procedure which can be used for model building sidechains using (i) spatial information from sidechains in topologically equivalent positions as far as such a correlation is observed, and then (ii) most probable conformations of the sidechains in the respective secondary structure type. Analysis of topologically equivalent residues in the structurally conserved regions of a family of proteins implies that the spatial positions of the atoms in the sidechains rather than conformations should be considered when model building. Rules for the modelling of all 20 side-chains from each other in alpha-helical, beta-sheet and loop regions--a total of 1200--are established. Cluster analysis is used on positional data from the sidechain atoms of structurally equivalent residues in an homologous family to guide modelling. The most probable conformation for the sidechain is used for modelling atoms where no useful guidance is obtainable from equivalent sidechains of the homologous proteins. In order to test the procedure we have modelled the sidechains of the residues in the structurally conserved regions of myoglobin from four other globins. The automated procedure described here has been incorporated into the program COMPOSER.
The antiproliferative activity of the tetrapeptide Acetyl‐N‐SerAspLysPro, an inhibitor of haematopoietic stem cell proliferation, is not mediated by a thymosin β4‐like effect on actin assembly (1996)

Acetyl-N-SerAspLysPro (AcSDKP), known as a negative regulator of haematopoiesis, has been principally reported as an inhibitor of haematopoietic pluripotent stem cell proliferation. The tetrapeptide sequence is identical to the N-terminus of thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4), from which it has been suggested that it may be derived. Recently, evidence was shown that T beta 4 plays a role as a negative regulator of actin polymerization leading to the sequestration of its monomeric form. The structural similarity between the N-terminus of T beta 4 and AcSDKP has raised the possibility that AcSDKP may also participate in intracellular events leading to actin sequestration. The effect of T beta 4 on the proliferation of haematopoietic cells was compared to that of AcSDKP. The results revealed that T beta 4, like AcSDKP, exerts an inhibitory effect on the entry of murine primitive bone marrow cells into cell cycle in vitro. Qualitative electrophoretic analysis and quantitative polymerization assays were used to investigate the role of AcSDKP in actin polymerization. AcSDKP does not affect actin assembly at concentrations up to 50 microM, and does not compete with T beta 4 for binding to G-actin. These results suggest that AcSDKP is not involved in cell cycle regulation via an effect on the process of actin polymerization.
Methods for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Efficient Hydrolysis and Biofuel Production (2009)

Biofuels produced from various lignocellulosic materials, such as wood, agricultural, or forest residues, have the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or complement to, gasoline. Many physicochemical structural and compositional factors hinder the hydrolysis of cellulose present in biomass to sugars and other organic compounds that can later be converted to fuels. The goal of pretreatment is to make the cellulose accessible to hydrolysis for conversion to fuels. Various pretreatment techniques change the physical and chemical structure of the lignocellulosic biomass and improve hydrolysis rates. During the past few years a large number of pretreatment methods have been developed, including alkali treatment, ammonia explosion, and others. Many methods have been shown to result in high sugar yields, above 90% of the theoretical yield for lignocellulosic biomasses such as woods, grasses, corn, and so on. In this review, we discuss the various pretreatment process methods and the recent literature that has reported on the use of these technologies for pretreatment of various lignocellulosic biomasses.