gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of self-assembled monolayers by chemisorption of derivatives of oligo(ethylene glycol) of structure HS(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)mOH on gold (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of self-assembled monolayers by chemisorption of derivatives of oligo(ethylene glycol) of structure HS(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)mOH on goldCatherine Pale-Grosdemange, Ethan S. Simon, Kevin L. Prime, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 1, 12–20Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00001a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00001a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4071Altmetric-Citations617LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolism of the Lipid Peroxidation Product, 4-Hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal, in Isolated Perfused Rat Heart (1998)

The metabolism of 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (HNE), an alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde generated during lipid peroxidation, was studied in isolated perfused rat hearts. High performance liquid chromatography separation of radioactive metabolites recovered from [3H]HNE-treated hearts revealed four major peaks. Based on the retention times of synthesized standards, peak I, which accounted for 20% radioactivity administered to the heart, was identified to be due to glutathione conjugates of HNE. Peaks II and III, containing 2 and 37% radioactivity, were assigned to 1, 4-dihydroxy-2-nonene (DHN) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid, respectively. Peak IV was due to unmetabolized HNE. The electrospray ionization mass spectrum of peak I revealed two prominent metabolites with m/z values corresponding to [M + H]+ of HNE and DHN conjugates with glutathione. The presence of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid in peak III was substantiated using gas chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectroscopy. When exposed to sorbinil, an inhibitor of aldose reductase, no GS-DHN was recovered in the coronary effluent, and treatment with cyanamide, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, attenuated 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid formation. These results show that the major metabolic transformations of HNE in rat heart involve conjugation with glutathione and oxidation to 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid. Further metabolism of the GS-HNE conjugate involves aldose reductase-mediated reduction, a reaction catalyzed in vitro by homogenous cardiac aldose reductase.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemistry and Mechanism in the Wittig Reaction. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of worksite health promotion interventions on employee diets: a systematic review (2010)

The findings of this review suggest that worksite health promotion programmes are associated with moderate improvement in dietary intake. The quality of studies to date has been frequently sub-optimal and further, well designed studies are needed in order to reliably determine effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Future programmes to improve employee dietary habits should move beyond individual education and aim to intervene at multiple levels of the worksite environment.
Error correcting codes over Z/sub 2(m/) for algorithm-based fault tolerance (1994)

Algorithm-based fault tolerance is a scheme of low-cost error protection in real-time digital signal processing environments and other computation-intensive tasks. In this paper, a new method for encoding data is proposed and, furthermore, two kinds of error-correcting codes over Z/sub 2(m/), which can be used with fixed-point arithmetic in practical algorithm-based fault tolerant systems, are introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sec13 Shuttles between the Nucleus and the Cytoplasm and Stably Interacts with Nup96 at the Nuclear Pore Complex (2003)

Sec13 is a constituent of the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear pore complex (NPC). At the endoplasmic reticulum, Sec13 is involved in the biogenesis of COPII-coated vesicles, whereas at the NPC its function is unknown. We show here, by yeast two-hybrid screenings and biochemical assays, that a region at the amino terminus of the human nuclear pore complex protein Nup96 interacts with the WD (Trp-Asp) repeat region of human Sec13. By using immunofluorescence and confocal and immunoelectron microscopy, we found that in interphase, Sec13 and Nup96 are localized at both sides of the NPC in addition to other intracellular sites. In mitosis, Sec13 was found dispersed throughout the cell, whereas a pool of Nup96 colocalized with the spindle apparatus. Photobleaching experiments showed that Sec13 shuttles between intranuclear sites and the cytoplasm, and a fraction of Sec13 is stably associated with NPCs. Cotransfection of Sec13 and the Sec13 binding site of Nup96 decreased the mobile pool of Sec13, demonstrating the interaction of Sec13 and Nup96 in vivo. Targeting studies showed that Sec13 is actively transported into the nucleus and contains a nuclear localization signal. These results indicate that Sec13 stably interacts with Nup96 at the NPC during interphase and that the shuttling of Sec13 between the nucleus and the cytoplasm may couple and regulate functions between these two compartments.
Folate receptor type ? is a neutrophilic lineage marker and is differentially expressed in myeloid leukemia (1999)

The results of this study suggest a narrow expression pattern of FR-beta marking the neutrophilic lineage and the possibility of defining a subtype or subtypes of myeloid leukemia based on FR-beta expression. The identification of FR-beta positive leukemias and the absence of the receptor in normal CD34 positive cells may enable selective receptor-mediated targeting of leukemic cells.
Dependence of delta1-opioid receptor-induced cardioprotection on a tyrosine kinase-dependent but not a Src-dependent pathway. (2001)

We investigated the possibility that opioids activate a tyrosine kinase (TK) that mediates cardioprotection in an in vivo rat model of myocardial infarction. All animals underwent 30 min of regional ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Infarct size was expressed as a percentage of the area at risk (IS/AAR). Control animals had an IS/AAR of 58.2 +/- 0.6. Cardioprotection was induced with the delta1- or delta1/delta2-selective opioid agonists, TAN-67, or D-Ala D-Leu enkephalin (DADLE). Both significantly reduced IS/AAR (28.8 +/- 3.6 and 34.8 +/- 3.8, respectively). The general TK inhibitor, genistein, abolished cardioprotection produced by TAN-67 or DADLE (59.1 +/- 3.2 and 61.5 +/- 3.4, respectively), whereas the structural analog, daidzein, lacking TK inhibitory activity, did not. Interestingly, the selective Src/epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor TK inhibitor, lavendustin A, did not abolish TAN-67-induced cardioprotection (22.1 +/- 6.8). Similarly, the Src-selective TK antagonist, PP2, had no effect on DADLE-induced cardioprotection (31.1 +/- 7.3). These unexpected findings suggest that Src and EGF receptor TKs are not important in the genesis of cardioprotection produced by TAN-67. Finally, we demonstrate that genistein did not affect protein kinase C (PKC) translocation induced by TAN-67. These data suggest that a TK, but most likely not an Src/EGF receptor TK, is important in cardioprotection via opioid receptor stimulation and that the pathway for TK activation is downstream from or parallel to PKC activation in the in situ rat heart since genistein could not affect PKC translocation of selective isoforms induced by TAN-67 and assessed by immunohistochemistry.
Multiple modifications in cis elements of the long terminal repeat of retroviral vectors lead to increased expression and decreased DNA methylation in embryonic carcinoma cells (1995)

Infection by murine retroviruses in embryonic carcinoma (EC) and embryonic stem cells is highly restricted. The transcriptional unit of the Moloney murine leukemic virus (MoMuLV) long terminal repeat (LTR) is inactive in EC and embryonic stem cells in association with increased proviral methylation. In this study, expression in F9 EC cells was achieved from novel retroviral vectors containing three modifications in the MoMuLV-based retroviral vector: presence of the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus LTR, substitution of the primer binding site, and either deletion of a negative control region at the 5' end of the LTR or insertion of a demethylating sequence. We conclude that inhibition of expression from the MoMuLV LTR in EC cells is mediated through the additive effects of multiple cis-acting elements affecting the state of methylation of the provirus.
Mechanisms of p53-dependent apoptosis (2001)

Cellular stresses, such as growth factor deprivation, DNA damage or oncogene expression, lead to stabilization and activation of the p53 tumour suppressor protein. Depending on the cellular context, this results in one of two different outcomes: cell cycle arrest or apoptotic cell death. Cell death induced through the p53 pathway is executed by the caspase proteinases, which, by cleaving their substrates, lead to the characteristic apoptotic phenotype. Caspase activation by p53 occurs through the release of apoptogenic factors from the mitochondria, including cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO. Released cytochrome c allows the formation of a high-molecular weight complex, the apoptosome, which consists of the adapter protein Apaf-1 and caspase 9, which is activated following recruitment into the apoptosome. Active caspase 9 then cleaves and activates the effector caspases, such as caspases-3 and -7, which execute the death program. Released Smac/DIABLO facilitates caspase activation through repression of the IAP caspase inhibitor proteins. The release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors is regulated by the pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, which either induce or prevent the permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane. The mechanism by which p53 signals to the Bcl-2 family proteins is unclear. It was shown that some of the pro-apoptotic family members, such as Bax, Noxa or PUMA, are transcriptional targets of p53. In addition, transcription-independent, pro-apoptotic activities of p53 have been described. The elucidation of the p53-dependent pathway, resulting in mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization through the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, is a key to unveiling the mechanism of stress-induced apoptosis.
Thin Film Nanotube Transistors Based on Self-Assembled, Aligned, Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Arrays (2008)

Thin film transistors (TFTs) are now poised to revolutionize the display, sensor, and flexible electronics markets. However, there is a limited choice of channel materials compatible with low-temperature processing. This has inhibited the fabrication of high electrical performance TFTs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have very high mobilities and can be solution-processed, making thin film CNT-based TFTs a natural direction for exploration. The two main challenges facing CNT-TFTs are the difficulty of placing and aligning CNTs over large areas and low on/off current ratios due to admixture of metallic nanotubes. Here, we report the self-assembly and self-alignment of CNTs from solution into micron-wide strips that form regular arrays of dense and highly aligned CNT films covering the entire chip, which is ideally suitable for device fabrication. The films are formed from pre-separated, 99% purely semiconducting CNTs and, as a result, the CNT-TFTs exhibit simultaneously high drive currents and large on/off current ratios. Moreover, they deliver strong photocurrents and are also both photo- and electroluminescent.
A short, stereoselective synthesis of the lactone precursor to 2R,4S,5S hydroxyethylene dipeptide isosteres (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA short, stereoselective synthesis of the lactone precursor to 2R,4S,5S hydroxyethylene dipeptide isosteresAndrew H. Fray, Robert L. Kaye, and Edward F. KleinmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 25, 4828–4833Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00375a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (756 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Virulence regulation inStaphylococcus aureus: the need for in vivo analysis of virulence factor regulation (2004)

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic microorganism that is responsible for a wide variety of clinical infections. These infections can be relatively mild, but serious, life-threatening infections may result from the expression of staphylococcal virulence factors that are coordinated by virulence regulators. Much work has been done to characterize the actions of staphylococcal virulence regulators in broth culture. Recently, several laboratories showed that transcriptional analyses of virulence regulators in in vivo animal models or in human infection did not correlate with transcriptional analyses accomplished in vitro. In describing the differences between in vitro and in vivo transcription of staphylococcal virulence regulators, we hope to encourage investigators to study virulence regulators using infection models whenever possible.
A double-blind crossover trial of clomipramine for rapid ejaculation in 15 couples. (1995)

Clomipramine appears to be effective in significantly lengthening ejaculatory latencies and increasing sexual and relationship satisfaction. It can be a cost-effective chronic therapy for selected patients. These impressive results should not be expected in a less carefully screened population of men concerned about the timing of their orgasm during intercourse.
Molecular Cloning, Expression, and Immunogenicity of MTB12, a Novel Low-Molecular-Weight Antigen Secreted byMycobacterium tuberculosis (1998)

Proteins secreted into the culture medium by Mycobacterium tuberculosis are thought to play an important role in the development of protective immune responses. In this report, we describe the molecular cloning of a novel, low-molecular-weight antigen (MTB12) secreted by M. tuberculosis. Sequence analysis of the MTB12 gene indicates that the protein is initially synthesized as a 16.6-kDa precursor protein containing a 48-amino-acid hydrophobic leader sequence. The mature, fully processed form of MTB12 protein found in culture filtrates has a molecular mass of 12.5 kDa. MTB12 protein constitutes a major component of the M. tuberculosis culture supernatant and appears to be at least as abundant as several other well-characterized culture filtrate proteins, including members of the 85B complex. MTB12 is encoded by a single-copy gene which is present in both virulent and avirulent strains of the M. tuberculosis complex, the BCG strain of M. bovis, and M. leprae. Recombinant MTB12 containing an N-terminal six-histidine tag was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Recombinant MTB12 protein elicited in vitro proliferative responses from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a number of purified protein derivative-positive (PPD+) human donors but not from PPD− donors.
Streaming Universal Distortion-Free Entanglement Concentration (2014)

This paper presents a streaming (sequential) protocol for universal entanglement concentration at the Shannon bound. Alice and Bob begin with N identical (but unknown) two-qubit pure states, each containing E ebits of entanglement. They each run a reversible algorithm on their qubits, and end up with Y perfect EPR pairs, where Y=NE ± O(√(N)). Our protocol is streaming, so the N input systems are fed in one at a time, and perfect EPR pairs start popping out almost immediately. It matches the optimal block protocol exactly at each stage, so the average yield after n inputs is 〈 Y〉=nE-O(logn). So, somewhat surprisingly, there is no tradeoff between yield and lag-our protocol optimizes both. In contrast, the optimal N-qubit block protocol achieves the same yield, but since no EPR pairs are produced until the entire input block is read, its lag is O(N). Finally, our algorithm runs in O(log N) space, so a lot of entanglement can be efficiently concentrated using a very small (e.g., current or near-future technology) quantum processor. Along the way, we find an optimal streaming protocol for extracting randomness from classical i.i.d. sources and a more space-efficient implementation of the Schur transform.
Alterations in glutathione levels in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders affecting basal ganglia (1994)

Reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were measured in various brain areas (substantia nigra, putamen, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, and cerebral cortex) from patients dying with Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple-system atrophy, and Huntington's disease and from control subjects with no neuropathological changes in substantia nigra. GSH levels were reduced in substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease patients (40% compared to control subjects) and GSSG levels were marginally (29%) but insignificantly elevated; there were no changes in other brain areas. The only significant change in multiple-system atrophy was an increase of GSH (196%) coupled with a reduction of GSSG (60%) in the globus pallidus. The only change in progressive supranuclear palsy was a reduced level of GSH in the caudate nucleus (51%). The only change in Huntington's disease was a reduction of GSSG in the caudate nucleus (50%). Despite profound nigral cell loss in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease, multiple-system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy, the level of GSH in the substantia nigra was significantly reduced only in Parkinson's disease. This suggests that the change in GSH in Parkinson's disease is not solely due to nigral cell death, or entirely explained by drug therapy, for multiple-system atrophy patients were also treated with levodopa. The altered GSH/GSSG ratio in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease is consistent with the concept of oxidative stress as a major component in the pathogenesis of nigral cell death in Parkinson's disease.
Interleukin-8 antagonists generated by N-terminal modification. (1993)

We have previously shown that the residues Glu4-Leu5-Arg6 (ELR) preceding the first cysteine at the N terminus of the 72-residue form of interleukin-8 (IL-8) are essential for receptor binding and neutrophil activation (Clark-Lewis, I., Schumacher, C., Baggiolini, M., and Moser, B. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 23128-23134). We have now synthesized a series of analogs of IL-8(4-72), the truncated form of IL-8 with the N-terminal sequence ELRC, as potential IL-8 antagonists. Among 26 analogs with deletions or amino acid replacements in the ELR region several inhibited IL-8 function. The most potent were IL-8(6-72), with Arg6 at the N terminus, and IL-8,AAR(7-72) with N-terminal Ala4-Ala5 instead of Glu4-Leu5. They inhibited IL-8 receptor binding, exocytosis (IC50 0.3 microM), as well as chemotaxis and the respiratory burst. Inhibition was restricted to responses elicited by IL-8, GRO alpha, or NAP-2, and no effect was observed when the unrelated agonists fMet-Leu-Phe or C5a were used as stimuli. These results demonstrate that selective antagonists that prevent or attenuate the action of IL-8 and its related chemotactic cytokines are obtained by modification of the ELR sequence at the N terminus.
Comparative proteomic analysis of rice seedlings in response to inoculation withBacillus cereus (2012)

The present study is the first report to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in rice seedlings in response to inoculation with Bacillus cereus at the level of proteome. The results demonstrated that B. cereus NMSL88 can up-regulate the expression of proteins related to plant growth and defence, and lead to enhanced plant growth and disease resistance.
In vitro and in vivo regulation of liver epithelial cells carrying a metallothionein‐rasT24 fusion gene (1988)

We inserted a zinc-responsive metallothionein-rasT24 fusion gene in both orientations into a retroviral vector (SVX) and infected Fisher rat liver epithelial cells. Only the construction in which the viral long terminal repeat and the metallothionein promoters were in opposite orientations resulted in cell lines with biologically altered behavior. Two lines (MTR-1 and MTR-6) showed altered morphology in vitro when ZnSO4 was added to the medium. These cell lines grew in soft agarose in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed dose-dependent increases in the rate of synthesis of the mutant p21Ha-ras protein in these lines in response to ZnSO4. Both lines produced poorly differentiated metastatic adenocarcinomas when injected subcutaneously in Fisher rats, and tumors derived from MTR-6 cells grew more rapidly in animals on a zinc-supplemented diet than on a zinc-deficient diet. Uninfected liver epithelial cells showed no change in morphology in vitro after ZnSO4 addition and did not grow in soft agarose or after subcutaneous transplantation during the 14-wk experimental period. These results indicate that altered levels of expression of a single gene (rasT24) can have profound effect on the biologic behavior of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.