gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of microwave and radio frequency catheter ablation in a myocardium-equivalent phantom model (1992)

A highly localized burst of energy applied to the myocardium via a transvenous catheter-mounted power source can be used to destroy endocardial tissue regions which mediate life-threatening arrhythmias. In the past, high-voltage direct current pulses, radio-frequency (RF) current, and laser light have been used as energy sources. In this paper, the use of 2450 MHz microwave energy applied via a miniature coaxial cable-mounted helical coil antenna designed specifically for this application was investigated as a means to increase the treated volume of cardiac tissue in a controllable and efficient manner during ablation. Using an array of fiber optic temperature probes implanted in a saline-perfused, tissue-equivalent gel phantom model designed to simulate the myocardium during ablation, the heating pattern from the microwave antenna was characterized and compared to that induced by a commercial RF electrode catheter at 550 kHz. Effects of variable contact angle between the heat source and heart wall were assessed in terms of the radial penetration and overall volume of heated tissue. Heating patterns from the RF electrodes dropped off much more abruptly both radially and axially than the microwave antenna such that the volume of effectively heated tissue was more than ten times larger for the microwave antenna when the heat sources were well-coupled to the tissue, and more than four times larger for the microwave antenna when the sources were angled 30 degrees away from the tissue surface.
Natural killer clones derived from fetal (25 wk) blood. Probing the human T cell receptor with WT31 monoclonal antibody. (1986)

We have conducted a phenotypic and functional analysis of 19 cloned cell lines generated after allogeneic stimulation of circulating lymphocytes from a normal human fetus aged 25 wk. Using a limited series of mAbs (Anti-T3, WT31, T4, T8, and NKH1A), cloned cells were found to fall in three groups. Three clones have a conventional "inducer" phenotype. Three clones have a phenotype (T3+, WT31+, T8+, and NKH1A+) similar to that of certain NK active mature T lymphocytes present in adult peripheral blood. In contrast, 13 cell lines display surface characteristics that have not been described previously. Indeed, they express T3 proteins but not the WT31 determinant. In light of previous studies, these results show that WT31 mAb is a unique reagent directed at an invariant epitope of the human T cell receptor that is not present on all circulating T3+ fetal lymphocytes. Functionally the T3+, WT31+, and NKH1A+ clones were found to kill immunizing LAZ 388 cells, as well as K562, while T3+, WT31- and NKH1A+ clones display NK-like function exclusively. Moreover, only WT31+ lymphocytes present in the cell line used for cloning experiments have the capacity to recognize alloantigen-bearing cells. Together, these data suggest that expression of WT31 may be necessary for recognition of alloantigens, while NK reactions mediated by T3+ lymphocytes are WT31-independent.
GSK1070916, a potent Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor with broad antitumor activity in tissue culture cells and human tumor xenograft models (2009)

The protein kinases, Aurora A, B, and C have critical roles in the regulation of mitosis and are frequently overexpressed or amplified in human tumors. GSK1070916, is a novel ATP competitive inhibitor that is highly potent and selective for Aurora B/C kinases. Human tumor cells treated with GSK1070916 show dose-dependent inhibition of phosphorylation on serine 10 of Histone H3, a substrate specific for Aurora B kinase. Moreover, GSK1070916 inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells with EC(50) values of <10 nmol/L in over 100 cell lines spanning a broad range of tumor types. Although GSK1070916 has potent activity against proliferating cells, a dramatic shift in potency is observed in primary, nondividing, normal human vein endothelial cells, consistent with the proposed mechanism. We further determined that treated cells do not arrest in mitosis but instead fail to divide and become polyploid, ultimately leading to apoptosis. GSK1070916 shows dose-dependent inhibition of phosphorylation of an Aurora B-specific substrate in mice and consistent with its broad cellular activity, has antitumor effects in 10 human tumor xenograft models including breast, colon, lung, and two leukemia models. These results show that GSK1070916 is a potent Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor that has the potential for antitumor activity in a wide range of human cancers.
Wine polyphenols and promotion of cardiac health (2004)

Wine polyphenols are considered to have beneficial effects on CHD and atherosclerosis. The consumption of red wine is high in Italy and France, approximately four times greater than that in the UK. This disparity in red wine consumption is thought to be the reason for the 'French paradox', where France was shown to have a coronary mortality rate close to that of China or Japan despite saturated fat intakes and cholesterol levels similar to the UK and USA. In the present review, we discuss the effects of wine and some of its polyphenol constituents on early pathological indicators of CHD such as plasma lipids, the endothelium and vasculature, platelets and serum antioxidant activity. The review also examines whether the polyphenols or the alcohol in wine is responsible for the effects on markers of heart disease. The present review concludes that red wine polyphenols have little effect on plasma lipid concentrations but wine consumption appears to reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and increase serum antioxidant capacity. However, these effects do depend on the amount of wine and period of supplementation. Authors who have examined specific polyphenols suggest that some phenolics appear to have endothelium-dependent vaso-relaxing abilities and some a positive effect on NO concentrations. Red wine phenolics also have an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, and individual phenolics also have a similar effect in vitro, although it should be noted that there are often discrepancies as large as ten-fold between the concentrations of polyphenolics tested in vitro and their measured levels in vivo. Evidence suggests that alcohol has a positive synergistic effect with wine polyphenols on some atherosclerotic risk factors. Thus evidence that wine drinking is beneficial for cardiac health continues to accumulate but more research is required to understand fully and exactly the functions of red wine polyphenols.
Surface Chemistries Enabling Photoinduced Uncoupling/Desorption of Covalently Tethered Biomolecules (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSurface Chemistries Enabling Photoinduced Uncoupling/Desorption of Covalently Tethered BiomoleculesJesus Ching, Kamen I. Voivodov, and T. William HutchensView Author Information University of California, 110 FSTB, Davis, California 95616, and Molecular Analytical Systems, Inc., 2121 Sage Road, Suite 280 Houston, Texas 77056 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 11, 3582–3583Publication Date (Web):May 31, 1996Publication History Received20 March 1996Published online31 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960534bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960534brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Crystal cleavage,Molecules,Peptides and proteins,Photochemical reactions,Probes Get e-Alerts
Anti-Idiotype Antibodies Can Induce Long-Term Complete Remissions in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Without Eradicating the Malignant Clone (1998)

The immunoglobulin on the surface of B-cell lymphomas can be a tumor-specific target for monoclonal antibody therapy. Between 1981 and 1993, 45 individuals with low grade B-cell lymphoma were treated with 52 courses of custom-made anti-idiotype antibodies. The antibodies were used either alone or in combination with alpha-interferon, chlorambucil, or interleukin-2 (IL-2). The majority of these patients responded to treatment, with a 66% overall and 18% complete response rate. Six patients (13%) experienced prolonged complete remissions, five of which are ongoing from 4 to 10 years after therapy and are the subject of this report. We asked whether residual lymphoma could be found in these patients with prolonged remissions. We performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays for idiotype protein or anti-idiotype antibodies in serum. Blood and bone marrow samples were examined by flow cytometry for idiotype positive cells, and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for clonal gene rearrangements of immunoglobulin CDR3 sequences or t(14;18) translocations. Using these sensitive and specific tests it was possible to detect very low levels of residual lymphoma in five of these patients who had been in clinical remission for 3 to 8 years before this evaluation. These five have continued without recurrence for up to 3 years since. Thus, we have found a pattern of residual inactive disease in patients treated with anti-idiotype antibodies. The biology of follicular lymphoma evidently includes the potential for tumor dormancy after therapies with varied mechanisms of action, resulting in clinical inactivity for many years. Thus, long-term control of the disease is possible at a clinical level despite persistence of the malignant clone.
Interleukin (IL)‐31 induces pro‐inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes and macrophages following stimulation with staphylococcal exotoxins (2009)

IL-31 induces pro-inflammatory effects in activated human monocytes and macrophages. This may have implications for cutaneous inflammation in eczema where an over-expression of IL-31 has been described previously. Moreover, our findings provide a new link between staphylococcal colonization and the worsening of inflammation via IL-31. Further therapeutic considerations may include IL-31 as a target in AD.
FAMILIAL PAROXYSMAL CHOREOATHETOSIS (1940)

The following case represents what is believed to be a hitherto undescribed clinical syndrome. The characteristic features of the syndrome are the paroxysmal occurrence of the attacks and the rich familial background. The patient presenting this syndrome was studied intensively at the Neurological Institute of New York from Nov. 3, 1938 to Jan. 19, 1939. During this period he was seen by most of the members of the staff, none of whom had seen a similar condition. A careful and meticulous review of the literature failed to reveal a case of a comparable syndrome. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE</h3> The patient was a white man aged 23, a textile worker, whose chief complaint was "spells," which had had their onset in infancy. He described them as of two types—"large" and "small". By this terminology he differentiated the severity and the duration of the attacks. Both types were preceded by an aura
Characterization and expression analysis of genes encoding a and b carbonic anhydrases in Arabidopsis (2007)

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are Zn-containing metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of CO2 .W e investigated the aCA and bCA families in Arabidopsis, which contain eight aCA (AtaCA1-8) and six bCA genes (AtbCA1-6). Analyses of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) database indicate that all the bCA encoding sequences, but only three of the AtaCA, are expressed. Using semiquantitative PCR experiments, functional CA genes were more strongly expressed in green tissue, but strong expression was also found in roots for bCA3, bCA6 and aCA2. Two aCA genes were shown to respond to the CO2 environment, while the others were unresponsive. Using the green fluorescent reporter protein gene fused with cDNA sequences coding for bCAs, we provided evidence that bCAs were targeted to specific subcellular compartments: bCA1 and bCA5 were targeted to the chloroplast, bCA2 and bCA3 to the cytosol, bCA4 to the plasma membrane and bCA6 to the mitochondria. The targeting and the pattern of gene expression suggest that CA isoforms play specific roles in subcellular compartments, tissues and organs. The data indicate that other CA isoforms than the well-characterized bCA1 may contribute to the CO2 transfer in the cell to the catalytic site of ribulose 1·5bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).
Kinetics of NO Ligation with Nitric-oxide Synthase by Flash Photolysis and Stopped-flow Spectrophotometry (1999)

Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide, which subsequently stimulates a host of physiological processes. Prior work suggests that NOS is inhibited by NO, providing opportunities for autoregulation. This contribution reports that NO reacts rapidly (ka congruent with 2 x 10(7) M-1 s-1) with neuronal NOS in both its ferric and ferrous oxidation states. Association kinetics are almost unaffected by L-arginine or the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. There is no evidence for the distinct two phases previously reported for association kinetics of CO. Small amounts of geminate recombination of NO trapped in a protein pocket can be observed over nanoseconds, and a much larger amount is inferred to take place at picosecond time scales. Dissociation rates are also very fast from the ferric form, in the neighborhood of 50 s-1, when measured by extrapolating association rates to the zero NO concentration limit. Scavenging experiments give dissociation rate constants more than an order of magnitude slower: still quite fast. For the ferrous species, extrapolation is not distinguishable from zero, while scavenging experiments give a dissociation rate constant near 10(-4) s-1. Implications of these results for interactions near the heme binding site are discussed.
Coexpression of Vimentin and Keratins by Human Melanoma Tumor Cells: Correlation With Invasive and Metastatic Potential (1992)

These findings show a correlation between the coexpression of vimentin with K8 and K18 keratins and the invasive and metastatic behavior of three representative human melanoma cell lines.
Synthesis of 3-Deaza-β-hydroxyhistidine Derivatives and Their Use for the Preparation of Substituted Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylates via the Pictet−Spengler Reaction (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis of 3-Deaza-β-hydroxyhistidine Derivatives and Their Use for the Preparation of Substituted Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylates via the Pictet−Spengler ReactionJean-François Rousseau and Robert H. DoddView Author Information Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 8, 2731–2737Publication Date (Web):March 28, 1998Publication History Received31 October 1997Published online28 March 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo972005thttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo972005tbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views911Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Anions,Condensation,Pyrroles,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Polarons and bipolarons on a conducting polymer in solution (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolarons and bipolarons on a conducting polymer in solutionM. Nowak, S. D. D. V. Rughooputh, S. Hotta, and A. J. HeegerCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 5, 965–968Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00171a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1108Altmetric-Citations133LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (563 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
[Trends in the post-genomic pharmacological research]. (2002)

With the advent of post-genome era, pharmacogenomics will be a new field in pharmacological sciences. In parallel, high-throughput screening, in silico research, as well as lots of visualization techniques are emerging as novel approaches in pharmacological researches. Some progress in the implementation of aforementioned new idea and methods in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics research are also introduced in this review.
Fetal, Infant, and Childhood Growth and Adult Blood Pressure (2002)

Part of the risk of adult hypertension is set in fetal life. Accelerated weight gain in early childhood adds to this risk, which is partly mediated through the prediction of adult fatness. The primary prevention of hypertension may depend on strategies that promote fetal growth and reduce childhood obesity.
Internalization of isolated functional mitochondria: involvement of macropinocytosis (2014)

In eukaryotic cells, mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a variety of human diseases. Delivery of exogenous functional mitochondria into damaged cells has been proposed as a mechanism of cell transplant and physiological repair for damaged tissue. We here demonstrated that isolated mitochondria can be transferred into homogeneic and xenogeneic cells by simple co-incubation using genetically labelled mitochondria, and elucidated the mechanism and the effect of direct mitochondrial transfer. Intracellular localization of exogenous mitochondria was confirmed by PCR, real-time PCR, live fluorescence imaging, three-dimensional reconstruction imaging, continuous time-lapse microscopic observation, flow cytometric analysis and immunoelectron microscopy. Isolated homogeneic mitochondria were transferred into human uterine endometrial gland-derived mesenchymal cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, mitochondrial transfer rescued the mitochondrial respiratory function and improved the cellular viability in mitochondrial DNA-depleted cells and these effects lasted several days. Finally, we discovered that mitochondrial internalization involves macropinocytosis. In conclusion, these data support direct transfer of exogenous mitochondria as a promising approach for the treatment of various diseases.
Preservation of platelet function on 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-graft polymer as compared to various water-soluble graft polymers (2001)

The chemical structures of water-soluble polymers grafted onto PE surfaces affect platelet function when the platelets contact the polymer surfaces. To improve our understanding of this effect, this study sought to control the blood/materials interaction on the surfaces of polyethylene (PE) by grafting with various water-soluble polymers. Such polymers as poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), poly(acrylamide) (PAAm), poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPy), and poly[monomethacryloyl poly(ethylene glycol)] (PMPEG) were grafted on low-density PE sheets by photoinduced graft polymerization. Both the PE bags modified with water-soluble polymers and those nonmodified were prepared by heat processing. Activation of platelets after storage in the PE bags was evaluated by measuring the cytoplasmic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). The concentration of [Ca(2+)]i of platelets in contact with the PE surface grafted with PMPC was the same as that of native platelets and significantly less than that in contact with other PE surfaces grafted with water-soluble polymers. The number of adherent platelets was effectively decreased on PE surfaces grafted with PMPC and PMPEG, as compared with nontreated PE. The aggregation ability of platelets was also measured after storage of platelet-rich plasma in the PE bags. The PE surface grafted with PMPC effectively maintained aggregation ability as compared with both the nontreated PE and with PE grafted with PAAm, PVPy, and PMPEG. It was concluded that for preserving platelet function, PMPC was the most effective of these water-soluble polymers used for surface modification.
Functional assessment scales: a study of persons with multiple sclerosis. (1990)

The purpose of this study was to investigate disability in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) by using combinations of functional assessment scales and subscales to predict (1) the burden of care measured in minutes of assistance provided per day by another person in the home, and (2) the subject's level of satisfaction with life in general. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Incapacity Status Scale, Environmental Status Scale, and the Barthel Index had high intercorrelations with each other. Although each was predictive of the MS subject's physical care needs, the FIM was the most useful. A change in total FIM score of one point was equivalent to an average of 3.38 minutes of help from another person per day. With the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Environmental Status Scale, the FIM contributed to predicting the patient's general satisfaction as well. We propose that burden of care and subjective satisfaction with life be the standards by which functional assessment instruments are compared to reflect, in pragmatic terms, the impact of disability on the lives of individuals and on the human and economic resources of the community.