gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Series of Testosterone Esters (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Series of Testosterone EstersAram. Mooradian, C. J. Cavallito, A. J. Bergman, E. J. Lawson, and C. M. SuterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 10, 3372–3374Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01178a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01178a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unusual organization of the rRNA genes in Rickettsia prowazekii (1995)

We describe here the organization of the rRNA genes in Rickettsia prowazekii. In this organism, the 23S and the 5S rRNA genes are tightly linked to each other, whereas the 16S rRNA gene is separated from this cluster. The 23S-5S unit is preceded by the methionyl-tRNAfMet formyltransferase gene.
Application of Transcription Factor “Decoy” Strategy as Means of Gene Therapy and Study of Gene Expression in Cardiovascular Disease (1998)

Recent progress in molecular biology has provided new techniques for inhibiting target gene expression. In particular, the application of DNA technology, such as antisense strategy to regulate the transcription of disease-related genes in vivo, has important therapeutic potential. Recently, transfection of cis-element double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), referred to as "decoy" ODNs, has been reported to be a powerful tool in a new class of anti-gene strategies for gene therapy and in the study of transcriptional regulation. Transfection of double-stranded ODNs corresponding to the cis sequence will result in the attenuation of authentic cis-trans interaction, leading to the removal of trans factors from the endogenous cis elements with subsequent modulation of gene expression. This "decoy" strategy is not only a novel strategy for gene therapy as an anti-gene strategy but also a powerful tool for the study of endogenous gene regulation in vivo as well as in vitro. In this article, we reviewed (1) the mechanisms and (2) the potential applications of decoy strategy.
Somatostatin Receptor-Binding Peptides Labeled with Technetium-99m:  Chemistry and Initial Biological Studies (1996)

The synthesis of peptides which possess a high affinity for the somatostatin receptor and contain a chelator for the radionuclide technetium-99m is described. The target compounds were designed such that they would form stable, oxotechnetium(V) chelate complexes in which the Oxorhenium(V) chelate complexes of these peptides were prepared as nonradioactive surrogates for the technetium complexes. Peptide oxorhenium complexes and Tc-99m complexes eluted closely upon HPLC analysis. The receptor-binding affinities of both the free and rhenium-coordinated species were measured in vitro. The binding affinities of the free peptides (Ki's in the 0.25 - 10 nM range) compared favorably with [DTPA]octreotide (Ki = 1.6 nM), which, as the indium-111 complex, is already approved for somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-expressing tumor imaging in the United States and Europe. Furthermore, the rhenium-coordinated peptides had binding affinities which, in many cases, were higher than those of the corresponding free peptides, with several complexes having a Ki's of 0.1 nM. Some of the more potent SSTR-binding peptides were labeled with technetium-99m and assessed in an in vivo study with tumor-bearing rats. The 99m Tc-labeled peptides prepared in this study should be useful as SSTR-expressing tumor-imaging agents due to their high SSTR-binding affinities, ease of preparation, and, because they are low molecular weight peptides, expected pharmacokinetics characterized by rapid tracer excretion from the body resulting in high-contrast images.
A 2′-Phosphotransferase Implicated in tRNA Splicing Is Essential in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1997)

The last step of tRNA splicing in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is catalyzed by an NAD-dependent 2'-phosphotransferase, which transfers the splice junction 2'-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD to produce ADP-ribose 1"-2" cyclic phosphate. We have purified the phosphotransferase about 28,000-fold from yeast extracts and cloned its structural gene by reverse genetics. Expression of this gene (TPT1) in yeast or in Escherichia coli results in overproduction of 2'-phosphotransferase activity in extracts. Tpt1 protein is essential for vegetative growth in yeast, as demonstrated by gene disruption experiments. No obvious binding motifs are found within the protein. Several candidate homologs in other organisms are identified by searches of the data base, the strongest of which is in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Effect of Ring Fluorination on the Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Tryptamines (2000)

A series of fluorinated analogues of the hallucinogenic tryptamines N,N-diethyltryptamine (DET), 4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-OH-DMT, psilocin), and 5-methoxy-DMT was synthesized to investigate possible explanations for the inactivity of 6-fluoro-DET as a hallucinogen and to determine the effects of fluorination on the molecular recognition and activation of these compounds at serotonin receptor subtypes. The target compounds were evaluated using in vivo behavioral assays for hallucinogen-like and 5-HT(1A) agonist activity and in vitro radioligand competition assays for their affinity at 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2C), and 5-HT(1A) receptor sites. Functional activity at the 5-HT(2A) receptor was determined for all compounds. In addition, for some compounds functional activity was determined at the 5-HT(1A) receptor. Hallucinogen-like activity, evaluated in the two-lever drug discrimination paradigm using LSD-trained rats, was attenuated or abolished for all of the fluorinated analogues. One of the tryptamines, 4-fluoro-5-methoxy-DMT (6), displayed high 5-HT(1A) agonist activity, with potency greater than that of the 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-OH-DPAT. The ED(50) of 6 in the two-lever drug discrimination paradigm using rats trained to discriminate the 5-HT(1A) agonist LY293284 was 0.17 micromol/kg, and the K(i) at [(3)H]8-OH-DPAT-labeled 5-HT(1A) receptors was 0.23 nM. The results indicate that fluorination of hallucinogenic tryptamines generally has little effect on 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor affinity or intrinsic activity. Affinity at the 5-HT(1A) receptor was reduced, however, in all but one example, and all of the compounds tested were full agonists but with reduced functional potency at this serotonin receptor subtype. The one notable exception was 4-fluoro-5-methoxy-DMT (6), which had markedly enhanced 5-HT(1A) receptor affinity and functional potency. Although it is generally considered that hallucinogenic activity results from 5-HT(2A) receptor activation, the present results suggest a possible role for involvement of the 5-HT(1A) receptor with tryptamines.
Strategy, Model, and Platform for Collaborative Commerce (2007)

Globalization and rapid development of information technologies have set a new stage for business. Collaborative commerce has become a strategic necessity to develop high quality products at low cost and with quick response times to market demand. This paper proposes an integrated solution for CC including the collaborative strategy, model and platform. The reference processes and strategy of CC is derived using a structural top-down analysis approach. According to the analysis of collaborative commerce activities, the collaborative meta-model is put forward to support the description of complex collaborative relationship in CC environment. On the foundation of collaborative meta-model, the collaborative model of CC can be established. Finally, the SOA and MDA based platform for CC is developed to enable value-added collaboration between partners by providing new technical solutions, best practices, and collaboration tools. The platform represents a virtual, model-driven and service-oriented integration environment accessible to the involved companies within CC.
Termination-Dependent Diversity Performance of Coupled Antennas: Network Theory Analysis (2004)

A new analysis of mutually coupled diversity antenna systems is presented that includes the effects of coupling on the radiation pattern and received power. This analysis, based upon the network scattering parameters, makes use of the singular value decomposition to both specify the characteristics of and analyze terminated antenna networks. The approach facilitates a simplified proof of the multiport conjugate matching condition as well as development of expressions for diversity performance as a function of various impedance terminations. Application of the analysis to coupled dipole antennas characterized using full-wave electromagnetic analysis leads to a comprehensive examination of the diversity performance obtainable for such antennas under different termination conditions. The results from this paper reveal that for closely spaced antennas, the termination can play a noticeable role in determining the diversity gain offered by coupled antennas.
GaInO3: A new transparent conducting oxide (1994)

GaInO3, a layered material with the β Ga2O3 crystal structure, can be doped with electrons through the introduction of oxygen deficiency, Sn doping for In, or Ge doping for Ga. At atomic doping levels of 10% or less, resistivities as low as 3 mΩ cm are obtained. In contrast to polycrystalline indium tin oxide (ITO), which is distinctly green, conductive gallium indium oxide is light grey with no visible coloration. Thin films of doped GaInO3 display good transparency over the whole optical window, superior to that of ITO in the green-blue region.
The Effect of Enamel Matrix Proteins on Periodontal Regeneration as Determined by Histological Analyses (2003)

The treatment of various sized periodontal defects with enamel matrix proteins stimulated substantial periodontal regeneration. In many cases, dramatic amounts of new cementum, Sharpey's fibers, periodontal ligament, and bone tissue were formed far coronal to the notch at the base of the defect, especially considering the width of the original defects. This periodontal regeneration occurred in the absence of exogenous growth factors, bone replacement grafts, barrier membranes, or their combination.
On the numerical modelling of laser shearing of glass sheets used to optimize production methods (2004)

The problem of the control of the propagating crack tip during laser shearing (or zero width laser cutting of glass) is essentially one of controlling the stress field within the substrate. The glass substrate is stressed thermally using surface absorption of 10.6 μm laser radiation followed by cooling, in this case from a fine atomized waterjet. The stresses created in a large sheet, combined with the residual stresses within the glass substrate, are sufficient to propagate a subsurface flaw to form a controlled crack that gives excellent cut quality. This process has previously been studied experimentally and is successful for large plates and shapes with large radii of curvature. In order for future work to extend the process to minimize damage at the end of a cut, at the close of a profiled cut or close to the edge of the plate, it is necessary to understand the stresses that control the crack propagation and control these as the stress field changes. This work outlines an initial theoretical study of the heating and cooling cycle coupled with finite element analysis of the induced stresses to increase the understanding of laser shearing of glass. It provides a thorough description of how to perform the complex numerical studies, including how to determine the quasi-static crack tip position. The results provide levels of stresses in the immediate vicinity of the crack tip and show that thermal heating/cooling loading conditions are favourable for straight line cutting.
Wide-Temperature Range Synthetic Hydrocarbon Fluids (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWide-Temperature Range Synthetic Hydrocarbon FluidsJames A. BrennanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1980, 19, 1, 2–6Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360073a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i360073a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Structure-activity study and design of multidrug-resistant reversal compounds by a computer automated structure evaluation methodology. (1992)

We have studied the relation between the structure and the multidrug resistance-reversal activity of a set of diverse chemicals with the MULTICASE structure-activity program. A number of key structural features were identified as being related to multidrug resistance reversal activity. Using these key features, we identified seven new compounds predicted to have substantial activity. These were obtained and tested experimentally on a CHO/CHRC5 cell line derived from the AB1 Chinese hamster ovary line in the presence of vincristine and vinblastine. Of the seven compounds tested so far, four showed substantial reversal activity, the most potent of them exhibiting activity at par with verapamil.
ePathBrick: A Synthetic Biology Platform for Engineering Metabolic Pathways in E. coli (2012)

Harnessing cell factories for producing biofuel and pharmaceutical molecules has stimulated efforts to develop novel synthetic biology tools customized for modular pathway engineering and optimization. Here we report the development of a set of vectors compatible with BioBrick standards and its application in metabolic engineering. The engineered ePathBrick vectors comprise four compatible restriction enzyme sites allocated on strategic positions so that different regulatory control signals can be reused and manipulation of expression cassette can be streamlined. Specifically, these vectors allow for fine-tuning gene expression by integrating multiple transcriptional activation or repression signals into the operator region. At the same time, ePathBrick vectors support the modular assembly of pathway components and combinatorial generation of pathway diversities with three distinct configurations. We also demonstrated the functionality of a seven-gene pathway (~9 Kb) assembled on one single ePathBrick vector. The ePathBrick vectors presented here provide a versatile platform for rapid design and optimization of metabolic pathways in E. coli.
Philanthotoxin blocks quisqualate‐, AMPA‐ and kainate‐, but not NMDA‐, induced excitation of rat brainstem neurones in vivo (1990)

1. The effect of electrophoretic ejection of philanthotoxin (the polyamine toxin, from the Egyptian digger wasp) was tested on responses of brainstem and spinal neurones in the pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rat to excitatory amino acids. 2. Philanthotoxin caused a dose-dependent reduction of responses to quisqualate, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) and kainate with little effect on those to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). 3. The time-course of this antagonist action was slow. In particular the rate of recovery was dependent on frequency of ejection of the agonist. This agonist-dependent recovery suggests that philanthotoxin has a channel blocking mode of action on mammalian central neurones.
A simple model for nanofiber formation by rotary jet-spinning (2011)

Nanofibers are microstructured materials that span a broad range of applications from tissue engineering scaffolds to polymer transistors. An efficient method of nanofiber production is rotary jet-spinning (RJS), consisting of a perforated reservoir rotating at high speeds along its axis of symmetry, which propels a liquid, polymeric jet out of the reservoir orifice that stretches, dries, and eventually solidifies to form nanoscale fibers. We report a minimal scaling framework complemented by a semi-analytic and numerical approach to characterize the regimes of nanofiber production, leading to a theoretical model for the fiber radius consistent with experimental observations. In addition to providing a mechanism for the formation of nanofibers, our study yields a phase diagram for the design of continuous nanofibers as a function of process parameters with implications for the morphological quality of fibers.
Small-sized silicon nanoparticles: new nanolights and nanocatalysts (2010)

Owing to their abundant unique properties and ready compatibility with Si microelectronic technology, Si nanostructures are becoming one of the most important classes of nano semiconductors. Particularly, small-sized Si nanoparticles possess distinctive photoluminescence (PL), biocompatibility, and active surface properties. In this review, we focus on the synthesis and PL properties of small-sized Si nanoparticles and their potential applications in the fields of bioimaging and nanocatalysis. We further highlight major challenges and promises in this area.
Escherichia coli Physiology in Luria-Bertani Broth (2007)

Luria-Bertani broth supports Escherichia coli growth to an optical density at 600 nm (OD(600)) of 7. Surprisingly, however, steady-state growth ceases at an OD(600) of 0.3, when the growth rate slows down and cell mass decreases. Growth stops for lack of a utilizable carbon source. The carbon sources for E. coli in Luria-Bertani broth are catabolizable amino acids, not sugars.
Pathological analyses of subarachnoid hemorrhage in cardiopulmonary arrest after apnea in experimental rats. (1998)

以前から病院前心肺停止(cardiopulmonary arrest; CPA)の原因としてクモ膜下出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage; SAH)ではなく,CPAに対する蘇生行為によるSAHの発生について報告してきた。今回,低酸素状態から心停止に陥らせたratを使い,心肺停止に伴うSAHについて再検討した。Wistar系rat(雄200g) 38例を用い,エーテル麻酔後気管内挿管し人工呼吸器に接続した。その後,筋弛緩剤を投与し,人工呼吸器を止めることにより無呼吸状態を作成した。一定時間の無呼吸後,呼吸を再開させた。その際に心停止した例に対してカテコラミンを投与した。呼吸再開後最短0分,最長30分後に脳を摘出し病理学的に検討した。38例中,心停止に至らず低酸素状態のみの侵襲が加わった例は21例存在し,このうちSAHが認められたのは1例であった。一方,心停止に至った例は17例あり,カテコラミン投与にて心拍が再開した8例中5例にSAHがみられたが,カテコラミン投与にても心拍が再開しなかった9例にはSAHは認められなかった。心停止17例では心拍再開とSAHの発生には統計的有意差が認められた。鏡検では,クモ膜下出血は薄く瀰漫性にあり,クモ膜下腔に赤血球はあるが,脳動脈瘤や血栓は認めなかった。カテコラミンによる心拍再開・心拍出量増加,血管収縮により脳血流量は増加するが,組織血流の増大と代謝のアンバランスが生じ,急激な脳灌流圧上昇に伴うvasoparalysisからSAHが起こる可能性が示唆される。一方,心停止を伴わない1例にSAHを認めたことは陽圧呼吸による胸腔内圧上昇の結果生じる静脈圧上昇もSAHの誘因であると考えられた。今回の実験にみられたSAHは二次的な脳障害であり,その原因は心拍再開に伴う脳灌流圧上昇に加え,蘇生行為に伴う胸腔内圧上昇によって生じる頭蓋内静脈圧上昇とその破綻に起因する可能性がある。
A New Method for Intraoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring (1994)

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is at risk of iatrogenic injury during surgical procedures in which its anatomical location is exposed. Borrowing from biotechnology currently available for facial nerve monitoring, we have developed a method of electrophysiologically assessing the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during technically difficult neck surgeries. Electromyographic as well as nerve action potential recordings are monitored using the Xomed-Treace Nerve Integrity Monitor-2 (NIM-2). This method differs from those previously published in that it is much less cumbersome and time-consuming. The technique as well as an illustrative case are reported.
Simultaneously Multiply-Configurable or Superposed Molecular Logic Systems Composed of ICT (Internal Charge Transfer) Chromophores and Fluorophores Integrated with One- or Two-Ion Receptors (2002)

Integrated "ICT chromophore-receptor" systems show ion-induced shifts in their electronic absorption spectra. The wavelength of observation can be used to reversibly configure the system to any of the four logic operations permissible with a single input (YES, NOT, PASS 1, PASS 0), under conditions of ion input and transmittance output. We demonstrate these with dyes integrated into Tsien's calcium receptor, 1-2. Applying multiple ion inputs to 1-2 also allows us to perform two- or three-input OR or NOR operations. The weak fluorescence output of 1 also shows YES or NOT logic depending on how it is configured by excitation and emission wavelengths. Integrated "receptor(1)-ICT chromophore-receptor(2)" systems 3-5 selectively target two ions into the receptor terminals. The ion-induced transmittance output of 3-5 can also be configured via wavelength to illustrate several logic types including, most importantly, XOR. The opposite effects of the two ions on the energy of the chromophore excited state is responsible for this behaviour. INHIBIT and REVERSE IMPLICATION are two of the other logic types seen here. Integration of XOR logic with a preceding OR operation can be arranged by using three ion inputs. The fluorescence output of these systems can be configured via wavelength to display INHIBIT or NOR logic under two-input conditions. The superposition or multiplicity of logic gate configurations is an unusual consequence of the ability to simultaneously observe multiple wavelengths.
In vivo radioprotection and effects on blood pressure of the stable free radical nitroxides (1998)

All of the nitroxides studied provided radioprotection. In vivo radioprotection for all of the compounds except 3-carbamoyl-PROXYL may be at least partially explained by the induction of hypotension and bone marrow hypoxia. 3-carbamoyl-PROXYL provided in vivo radioprotection similar in magnitude to Tempol and had little effect on blood pressure compared to the other nitroxides. Other mechanisms for radioprotection, including scavenging of free radicals are likely. 3-carbamoyl-PROXYL should be evaluated further as a systemic radioprotector.