gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bead-based immunoassays using a micro-chip flow cytometer (2007)

A microfabricated flow cytometer has been developed for the analysis of micron-sized polymer beads onto which fluorescently labelled proteins have been immobilised. Fluorescence measurements were made on the beads as they flowed through the chip. Binding of antibodies to surface-immobilised antigens was quantitatively assayed using the device. Particles were focused through a detection zone in the centre of the flow channel using negative dielectrophoresis. Impedance measurements of the particles (at 703 kHz) were used to determine particle size and to trigger capture of the fluorescence signal. Antibody binding was measured by fluorescence at single and dual excitation wavelengths (532 nm and 633 nm). Fluorescence compensation techniques were implemented to correct for spectral overspill between optical detection channels. The data from the microfabricated flow cytometer was shown to be comparable to that of a commercial flow cytometer (BD-FACSAria).
5-Arylthiopyrimidines. V. Kinetics of the Cyclization of 4-Oxo Derivatives to 10H- and 10-Alkylpyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzothiazines (1,3-Diazaphenothiazines)1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-Arylthiopyrimidines. V. Kinetics of the Cyclization of 4-Oxo Derivatives to 10H- and 10-Alkylpyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzothiazines (1,3-Diazaphenothiazines)1Barbara Roth and J. F. BunnettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 2, 340–349Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01080a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01080a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spontaneous High‐Yield Production of Hydrogen from Cellulosic Materials and Water Catalyzed by Enzyme Cocktails (2009)

Cocktail reception: Biohydrogen is produced in high yield from cellulosic materials and water in a one-pot process catalyzed by up to 14 enzymes and one coenzyme. This assembly of enzymes results in non-natural catabolic pathways. These spontaneous reactions are conducted under modest reaction conditions (32 degrees C and atmospheric pressure).
An analysis of the epitope knowledge related to Mycobacteria (2007)

All current TB-related epitope data was cataloged for the first time from the published literature. The resulting inventory of more than a thousand different epitopes should prove a useful tool for the broad scientific community. Knowledge gaps specific to TB epitope data were also identified. In summary, few non-peptidic or post-translationally modified epitopes have been defined. Most importantly epitopes have apparently been defined from only 7% of all ORFs, and the top 30 most frequently studied protein antigens contain 65% of the epitopes, leaving the majority of M. tuberculosis genome unexplored. A lack of information related to the specific strains from which epitopes are derived is also evident. Finally, the generation of reference lists of mycobacterial epitopes should also facilitate future vaccine and diagnostic research.
Role of viscoelasticity in tube model of airway reopening. I. Nonnewtonian sols (1994)

This investigation used a previously described bench-top device (Gaver et al., J. Appl. Physiol. 69: 74-85, 1990) to examine the role of nonnewtonian and viscoelastic fluids on events at reopening of a closed flexible tube. Aqueous sodium alginate solutions with and without calcium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in desired concentrations provided fluids with a wide range of surface tensions, storage and loss moduli, and nonnewtonian steady shear viscosity. Dimensionless analysis, using the shear rate-dependent viscosities, was applied to reduce reopening pressure-meniscus velocity data to a master curve. With regard to fluid properties, we found that 1) fluid elasticity strongly changes the pressure-velocity relationship, causing flow instability at higher meniscus velocities; 2) decreasing surface tension gives rise to a smaller yield pressure for reopening; and 3) whereas larger tubes are easier to open, smaller tubes produce additional shear thinning of the lining fluid. These results suggest that, for both the upper (large) and lower (small) airways, nonnewtonian and viscoelastic properties of the mucosal fluid modify the time of closure and rate of reopening.
Metabolites of Daidzein and Genistein and Their Biological Activities (1995)

A number of metabolites of daidzein and genestein have been synthesized and their biological activities determined. Equol [3], 5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavan [5], 4,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavan [6], dihydrodaidzein [8], and dihydrogenistein [9] were synthesized either from daidzein [1] or genistein [2] by hydrogenation. Similarly, the derivatives 4, 7, and 11 were synthesized from 3, 6, and 10, respectively. During acetylation and nmr experiments, 9 was converted to a novel enol intermediate [10]. Antifungal, antibacterial, mosquitocidal, nematocidal, and topoisomerase inhibition activities of these compounds were evaluated, with equol [3] being the most active of the compounds tested against topoisomerase I.
Protein kinase activity is associated with CD63 in melanoma cells (2005)

The current study suggests that serine protein kinase activity associated with CD63 may play a role in signaling by CD63 in melanoma cells.
A novel methodology to realistically monitor office occupant reactions and environmental conditions using a living lab (2017)

Indoor environmental conditions, including acoustic, lighting, and thermal conditions, can impact the experience of occupants. How should these conditions be combined to optimize indoor environments for occupants? Living labs, in which study participants occupy a simulated real-world environment for an extended period, offer a new way to test the interactive effects of environmental conditions. In a proof-of-concept study, we tested whether varying combinations of environmental conditions in a simulated open-office environment would affect the experience of its occupants. Six different environmental “scenes”–combinations of acoustic, lighting, and thermal conditions—were varied weekly over 18 weeks. One scene had environmental conditions commonly found in offices, including participants' previous office, and served as the baseline against which the other scenes were compared. We tested the effects of office environmental conditions on occupants' satisfaction and workday experience in the environment. Further, we tested whether the influence of the environment would extend outside of the time spent at work to affect occupants' feelings and health behaviors. Changes in office environmental conditions affected occupants' environmental satisfaction and their workday experience. Outside of the office, environmental conditions affected people's feelings (e.g., happiness) and health behaviors (reported sleep problems). These findings demonstrate that living labs offer a powerful methodology to test the interactive effects of environmental conditions on occupants' experience, both inside and outside the lab.
Comments on a New Simple Route toN-Substituted 2-Aminoethylphosphonic Acids. A Reinvestigation (2003)

Abstract A recent article[1] Fu, X., Gong, C., Ma, X. and Wen, S. 1998. A new simple route to N-substituted 2-aminoethylphosphonic acids. Synth. Commun., 28(14): 2659–2664. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] reported a new route to 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid and its N-alkyl derivatives by ammonolysis and aminolysis of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid. Attempts to reproduce these reactions failed to give aminophosphonic acids and led only to unreacted amine and phosphates with evolution of ethylene.
Vaccination of melanoma patients with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (1997)

Nestle, F O; Gilliet, M; Alijagic, S; Wiesner, W; Grabbe, S; Dummer, R; Burg, G; Schadendorf, D Author Information
Identification of Novel Isoforms of the BH3 Domain Protein Bim Which Directly Activate Bax To Trigger Apoptosis (2002)

Bim (Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death) is a member of the BH3 domain-only subgroup of Bcl-2 family members, for which three splice variants have been described. Bim is expressed in many healthy cell types, where it is maintained in an inactive conformation through binding to the microtubule-associated dynein motor complex. Upon certain apoptotic stimuli, Bim is released from microtubules and mediates caspase-dependent apoptosis through a mechanism that is still unclear. Here, we have identified and characterized novel splice variants of human Bim mRNA. In particular, we show that a newly discovered, small protein isoform, BimAD, is also able to induce apoptosis strongly in several human cell lines. BimAD and the previously characterized isoform BimS are shown to be capable of heterodimerizing in vivo with both death antagonists (Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L)) and death agonists (Bax). Mutants of BimAD that bind to Bax but not to Bcl-2 still promote apoptosis, indicating that Bim can regulate apoptosis through direct activation of the Bax-mediated cell death pathway without interaction with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Furthermore, we have shown that the interaction of the BimS and BimAD isoforms with Bax leads to a conformational change in this protein analogous to that triggered by the BH3-only protein Bid.
Inhibition of oxidative injury of biological membranes by astaxanthin. (1990)

The value of astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, in the treatment of oxidative injury is assessed. Astaxanthin protects the mitochondria of vitamin E-deficient rats from damage by Fe2(+)-catalyzed lipid peroxidation both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibitory effect of astaxanthin on mitochondrial lipid peroxidation is stronger than that of alpha-tocopherol. Thin layer chromatographic analysis shows that the change in phospholipid components of erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient rats induced by Fe2+ and Fe3(+)-xanthine/xanthine oxidase system was significantly suppressed by astaxanthin. Carrageenan-induced inflammation of the paw is also significantly inhibited by administration of astaxanthin. These data indicate that astaxanthin functions as a potent antioxidant both in vivo and in vitro.
A broadband chip-scale optical frequency synthesizer at 2.7 × 10 −16 relative uncertainty (2016)

Optical frequency combs-coherent light sources that connect optical frequencies with microwave oscillations-have become the enabling tool for precision spectroscopy, optical clockwork, and attosecond physics over the past decades. Current benchmark systems are self-referenced femtosecond mode-locked lasers, but Kerr nonlinear dynamics in high-Q solid-state microresonators has recently demonstrated promising features as alternative platforms. The advance not only fosters studies of chip-scale frequency metrology but also extends the realm of optical frequency combs. We report the full stabilization of chip-scale optical frequency combs. The microcomb's two degrees of freedom, one of the comb lines and the native 18-GHz comb spacing, are simultaneously phase-locked to known optical and microwave references. Active comb spacing stabilization improves long-term stability by six orders of magnitude, reaching a record instrument-limited residual instability of [Formula: see text]. Comparing 46 nitride frequency comb lines with a fiber laser frequency comb, we demonstrate the unprecedented microcomb tooth-to-tooth relative frequency uncertainty down to 50 mHz and 2.7 × 10(-16), heralding novel solid-state applications in precision spectroscopy, coherent communications, and astronomical spectrography.
The Human CD1-Restricted T Cell Repertoire Is Limited to Cross-Reactive Antigens: Implications for Host Responses against Immunologically Related Pathogens (2005)

The repertoires of CD1- and MHC-restricted T cells are complementary, permitting the immune recognition of both lipid and peptide Ags, respectively. To compare the breadth of the CD1-restricted and MHC-restricted T cell repertoires, we evaluated T cell responses against lipid and peptide Ags of mycobacteria in leprosy, comparing tuberculoid patients, who are able to restrict the pathogen, and lepromatous patients, who have disseminated infection. The striking finding was that in lepromatous leprosy, T cells did not efficiently recognize lipid Ags from the leprosy pathogen, Mycobacterium leprae, or the related species, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, yet were able to efficiently recognize peptide Ags from M. tuberculosis, but not M. leprae. To identify a mechanism for T cell unresponsiveness against mycobacterial lipid Ags in lepromatous patients, we used T cell clones to probe the species specificity of the Ags recognized. We found that the majority of M. leprae-reactive CD1-restricted T cell clones (92%) were cross-reactive for multiple mycobacterial species, whereas the majority of M. leprae-reactive MHC-restricted T cells were species specific (66%), with a limited number of T cell clones cross-reactive (34%) with M. tuberculosis. In comparison with the MHC class II-restricted T cell repertoire, the CD1-restricted T cell repertoire is limited to recognition of cross-reactive Ags, imparting a distinct role in the host response to immunologically related pathogens.
A matrix based method for determining depth from focus (2002)

The authors reveal some fundamental problems with inverse filtering: inaccuracies in finding the frequency-domain representation, windowing effects, and border effects. A general, matrix-based method using regularization that eliminates these problems is presented. The method is confirmed experimentally, with the results showing an RMS (root mean square) error of 1.3%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Phenotypic rescue by a bovine transgene in a Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-null mutant of Drosophila melanogaster. (1994)

Null mutants for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) in Drosophila melanogaster are male sterile, have a greatly reduced adult life span, and are hypersensitive to paraquat. We have introduced a synthetic bovine CuZnSOD transgene under the transcriptional control of the D. melanogaster 5C actin promoter into a CuZnSOD-null mutant of D. melanogaster. This was carried out by P-element-mediated transformation of the Drosophila-bovine CuZnSOD transgene into a CuZnSOD+ recipient strain followed by genetic crossing of the transgene into a strain carrying the CuZnSOD-null mutation, cSODn108. The resulting transformants express bovine CuZnSOD exclusively to about 30% of normal Drosophila CuZnSOD levels. Expression of the Drosophila-bovine CuZnSOD transgene in the CuZnSOD-null mutant rescues male fertility and resistance to paraquat to apparently normal levels. However, adult life span is restored to only 30% of normal, and resistance to hyperoxia is 90% of that found in control flies. This striking differential restoration of pleiotropic phenotypes could be the result of a threshhold of CuZnSOD expression necessary for normal male fertility and resistance to the toxicity of paraquat or hyperoxia which is lower than the threshold required to sustain a normal adult life span. Alternatively, the differential rescue of fertility, resistance to active oxygen, and life span might indicate different cell-specific transcriptional requirements for these functions which are normally provided by the control elements of the native CuZnSOD gene but are only partly compensated for by the transcriptional control elements of the actin 5C promoter.
Ex vivo histological characterization of a novel ablative fractional resurfacing device (2006)

A novel prototype ablative CO(2) laser device operating in a fractional mode was developed and its resultant thermal effects in human abdominal tissue were characterized. We discovered that controlled microarray patterns could be deposited in skin with variable depths of dermal tissue ablation depending on the treatment pulse energy. This is the first report to characterize the successful use of ablative fractional resurfacing as a potential approach to dermatological treatment.
SYNTHESES WITH β,β'-DICHLORO-DIETHYL ETHER (1925)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSYNTHESES WITH β,β'-DICHLORO-DIETHYL ETHERLeonard H. Cretcher and W. H. PittengerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1925, 47, 1, 163–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1925Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1925https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01678a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01678a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
antiCODE: a natural sense-antisense transcripts database (2007)

Though a few similar databases also dealing with NATs have appeared lately, antiCODE is the most comprehensive among these, comprising almost all currently detected NAT pairs.
ARG tyrosine kinase activity is inhibited by STI571 (2001)

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 inhibits BCR/ABL and induces hematologic remission in most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. In addition to BCR/ABL, STI571 also inhibits v-Abl, TEL/ABL, the native platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)beta receptor, and c-KIT, but it does not inhibit SRC family kinases, c-FMS, FLT3, the epidermal growth factor receptor, or multiple other tyrosine kinases. ARG is a widely expressed tyrosine kinase that shares substantial sequence identity with c-ABL in the kinase domain and cooperates with ABL to regulate neurulation in the developing mouse embryo. As described here, ARG has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of leukemia as a fusion partner of TEL. A TEL/ARG fusion was constructed to determine whether ARG can be inhibited by STI571. When expressed in the factor-dependent murine hematopoietic cell line Ba/F3, the TEL/ARG protein was heavily phosphorylated on tyrosine, increased tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple cellular proteins, and induced factor-independent proliferation. The effects of STI571 on Ba/F3 cells transformed with BCR/ABL, TEL/ABL, TEL/PDGFbetaR, or TEL/ARG were then compared. STI571 inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation and cell growth of Ba/F3 cells expressing BCR/ABL, TEL/ABL, TEL/PDGFbetaR, and TEL/ARG with an IC(50) of approximately 0.5 microM in each case, but it had no effect on untransformed Ba/F3 cells growing in IL-3 or on Ba/F3 cells transformed by TEL/JAK2. Culture of TEL/ARG-transfected Ba/F3 cells with IL-3 completely prevented STI571-induced apoptosis in these cells, similar to what has been observed with BCR/ABL- or TEL/ABL-transformed cells. These results indicate that ARG is a target of the small molecule, tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571.
Conserved T cell receptor α-chain induces insulin autoantibodies (2008)

A fundamental question is what are the molecular determinants that lead to spontaneous preferential targeting of specific autoantigens in autoimmune diseases, such as the insulin B:9-23 peptide sequence in type 1 diabetes. Anti-insulin B:9-23 T cell clones isolated from prediabetic NOD islets have a conserved Valpha-segment/Jalpha-segment, but no conservation of the alpha-chain N region and no conservation of the Vbeta-chain. Here, we show that the conserved T cell receptor alpha-chain generates insulin autoantibodies when transgenically or retrogenically introduced into mice without its corresponding Vbeta. We suggest that a major part of the mystery as to why islet autoimmunity develops relates to recognition of a primary insulin peptide by a conserved alpha chain T cell receptor.
In vitro Interactions of 51Cr in Human Red Blood Cells and Hemolysates (1981)

The intracellular distribution of radioactivity was studied in normal and sickle erythrocytes labeled with sodium 51Cr chromate. Both types of cells had a higher fraction of Cr bound to hemoglobin when labeled in the presence of ACD at a pH of 7.09 than when labeled in the presence of CPD at a pH of 5.96. Citrate at a pH of 5.96 or less entered the red blood cells and decreased the 51Cr binding hemoglobin. Binding of 51Cr to hemoglobin within the red cells was also reduced when the ATP and DPG levels in the red blood cells were elevated. Studies with hemoglobin solution showed that 5lCr binding to hemoglobin was influenced by 2,3-DPG, ATP and citrate.
κ Chain variable regions from three galactan binding myeloma proteins (1978)

A series of seven BALB/c myeloma proteins has been identified with binding specificity for antigens containing beta(1 leads to 6)-D-galactopyranosyl moieties. We have determined the primary amino acid sequence of the first 108 residues from the light chains of three of these proteins. The framework portions of the variable regions of these three light chains are identical with residue 100 at which position three different amino acids are found in the three chains. An additional interchange was found at position 106 in one of the proteins. Based on recent DNA sequence studies suggesting that the variable region ends at residue 97, these substitutions indicate the possible existance of multiple genes coding for the region beginning at residue 98 and continuing toward the carboxy terminus. A single amino acid interchange was observed in complementarity determining regions occurring in L3. This substitution (Ile-Trp) would require changes in all three codon bases to produce the respective amino acids if one were derived from the other. Two of these chains are thus indistinguishable for their first 100 amino acids and are the first pair of k chains to exhibit complete identity over their variable regions.