gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of oligodendrocyte proliferation and remyelination after chronic demyelination. Relevance to multiple sclerosis. (1988)

Optic nerve and spinal cord tissue from untreated guinea pigs with chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, guinea pigs with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in which the disease was treated with injections of myelin basic protein (MBP) combined with galactocerebroside (GC), and normal guinea pigs, has been studied morphologically, immunocytochemically and morphometrically. MBP/GC treatment induced widespread proliferation of oligodendrocytes and extensive central nervous system (CNS) remyelination in tissue from both sites. Whereas some oligodendrocytes within lesions from treated animals appeared to be derived from surviving cells which underwent mitosis, the frequent occurrence of nests of oligodendrocytes at the periphery of nerve fiber fascicles in optic nerve among perivascular astrocytic elements, raises the possibility that remyelinating oligodendrocytes might possess progenitors located in these regions. Observations from multiple sclerosis lesions showed that oligodendrocyte proliferation and CNS remyelination occur in human subcortical white matter, but to a lesser degree than that seen in the CNS of MBP/GC/treated guinea pigs. Immunocytochemical examination of CNS tissue from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animals confirmed the morphologic identification of oligodendroglia. Preliminary morphometric analysis confirmed the impression of an increase in oligodendroglial cells in MBP/GC-treated animals. This increase was somewhat obscured statistically by a concomitant rise in the number of fibrous astrocytes. In view of the ability of oligodendrocytes to proliferate and produce new myelin in multiple sclerosis, the possibility is raised that an experimental immunologic approach similar to that employed here might have a beneficial effect in the human disease.
Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. (1990)

The prevalence of comorbid alcohol, other drug, and mental disorders in the US total community and institutional population was determined from 20,291 persons interviewed in the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Estimated US population lifetime prevalence rates were 22.5% for any non-substance abuse mental disorder, 13.5% for alcohol dependence-abuse, and 6.1% for other drug dependence-abuse. Among those with a mental disorder, the odds ratio of having some addictive disorder was 2.7, with a lifetime prevalence of about 29% (including an overlapping 22% with an alcohol and 15% with another drug disorder). For those with either an alcohol or other drug disorder, the odds of having the other addictive disorder were seven times greater than in the rest of the population. Among those with an alcohol disorder, 37% had a comorbid mental disorder. The highest mental-addictive disorder comorbidity rate was found for those with drug (other than alcohol) disorders, among whom more than half (53%) were found to have a mental disorder with an odds ratio of 4.5. Individuals treated in specialty mental health and addictive disorder clinical settings have significantly higher odds of having comorbid disorders. Among the institutional settings, comorbidity of addictive and severe mental disorders was highest in the prison population, most notably with antisocial personality, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders.
Aromatase inhibitors: synthesis, biological activity, and binding mode of azole-type compounds (1993)

The enantiomers of the potent nonsteroidal inhibitor of aromatase fadrozole hydrochloride 3 have been separated and their absolute configuration determined by X-ray crystallography. On the basis of a molecular modeling comparison of the active enantiomer 4 and one of the most potent steroidal inhibitors reported to date, (19R)-10-thiiranylestr-4-ene-3,17-dione, 7, a model describing the relative binding modes of the azole-type and steroidal inhibitors of aromatase at the active site of the enzyme is proposed. It is suggested that the cyanophenyl moiety present in the most active azole inhibitors partially mimics the steroid backbone of the natural substrate for aromatase, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, 1. The synthesis and biological testing of novel analogues of 3 used to define the accessible and nonaccessible volumes to ligands in the model of the active site of aromatase are reported.
Arranging quaternary structure of peptides by cyclodextrin-guest inclusion complex: sequence-specific DNA binding by a peptide dimer with artificial dimerization module (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArranging quaternary structure of peptides by cyclodextrin-guest inclusion complex: sequence-specific DNA binding by a peptide dimer with artificial dimerization moduleMasaru Ueno, Akira Murakami, Keisuke Makino, and Takashi MoriiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 26, 12575–12576Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00079a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00079a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views503Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Primate Model of Enhanced Pulmonary Pathology Induced with a Formalin-Inactivated RSV Vaccine but Not a Recombinant FG Subunit Vaccine (1993)

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. RSV vaccine development has been stifled for the past 23 years because infants vaccinated with formalin-inactivated (FI) RSV have experienced exacerbated disease upon RSV infection. This exacerbated disease phenomenon is poorly understood, in part because of the lack of a primate model that exhibits a similar exacerbated disease state. Vaccination of African green monkeys with either FI RSV or a genetically engineered subunit vaccine termed FG glycoprotein reduced replication of challenge virus. However, only vaccination with FI RSV induced an enhanced pulmonary pathologic response to RSV infection. Pulmonary inflammatory scores in the FG glycoprotein-vaccinated monkeys were no greater than in monkeys vaccinated with adjuvant alone. This is the first demonstration of RSV vaccine-induced enhanced pathology in a primate and illustrates that a subunit vaccine has the potential of circumventing this exacerbated disease phenomenon.
Functional Analysis of Human Tissue Kallikrein in Transgenic Mouse Models (1996)

Clinical studies show that an inverse correlation exists between blood pressure and urinary kallikrein levels. It has been postulated that the tissue kallikrein-kinin system contributes to the maintenance of normal blood pressure. To test this hypothesis, we have established transgenic mice that overexpress human tissue kallikrein under the promoter control of the mouse metallothionein gene and a liver-targeted albumin gene. These animals secrete human tissue kallikrein in plasma at levels 10- to 40-fold higher than that found in normal human serum, and they are chronically hypotensive. This hypotensive effect can be reversed by the injection of aprotinin, a potent tissue kallikrein inhibitor, or Hoe 140, a specific bradykinin receptor antagonist. Transgenic mice overexpressing human tissue kallikrein show a sustained reduction in blood pressure throughout their life spans, indicating the lack of sufficient compensatory mechanisms to reverse the hypotensive effect of kallikrein. Somatic gene delivery of rat kallikrein-binding protein by muscle injection increases the blood pressure of the hypotensive transgenic mice to levels comparable with those in normotensive control mice. These results indicate that a direct link exists between kallikrein gene expression and alterations in blood pressure. In addition, we have developed normotensive transgenic mice that harbor the human tissue kallikrein gene containing 801 bp of its native promoter. The tissue distribution pattern of human kallikrein in these transgenic mice is similar to that in human tissues, with the highest level in the pancreas and much lower levels in the kidney and salivary gland. These transgenic mice provide new animal models for investigating the tissue-specific regulation of tissue kallikrein and its role in altering blood pressure.
Innovations in the Use of Antisense Oligonucleotides (1990)

The use of antisense oligonucleotides for controlling genetic expression has recently received widespread attention, especially as a new class of potential chemotherapeutic agents. This coupled with the urgency of developing new effective therapies for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has led to various antisense studies dealing with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which are briefly reviewed here. Anti-HIV and other biological activities found for oligonucleotides suggest that sequence-specific and sequence-nonspecific mechanisms of action can be found. Recent developments in oligonucleotide analogue chemistry and relevant analytical methods are also described, including fast-data finder technology.
Early Metastasis of Human Solid Tumours: Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules (2007)

Loss and gain of cell surface molecules determines the mobilization, emigration and invasiveness of epithelial cancer cells. As a first approach to gain further insight into these processes, we have followed two strategies: (1) to identify tumour cells which have disseminated early from primary carcinomas and to obtain information about the phenotype and prognostic significance of these cells; and (2) to identify molecular changes occurring in primary tumour cells at the time they develop their metastatic potential. Our analyses indicate that changes in the adhesive properties of solid tumour cells, such as down-regulation of desmosomal proteins (e.g. plakoglobin) and neo-expression of ICAM-1 or MUC18, are important determinants of the metastatic capability of individual malignant cells. The expression pattern of these cell adhesion molecules during tumour progression appears to reflect a disturbance at the level of the molecular elements normally responsible for controlling their expression. The outlined current strategies for detection, characterization and antibody therapy of cancer micrometastasis can be applied to the secondary prevention of metastatic disease in patients with minimal residual cancer.
Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus reuteri R2LC on Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats (2001)

The rat strain Lactobacillus reuteri R2LC, but not the human strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, is of benefit in reducing the severity of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. These results suggest that it is not the total amount of Lactobacillus but the particular species or strain of Lactobacillus that is important in attenuating experimental colitis.
A model for tumor cell killing by topoisomerase poisons. (1990)

Our model proposes that topoisomerase-targeting antitumor drugs form reversible drug-enzyme-DNA complexes that collide with the DNA and RNA synthesis machineries. On collision, the complexes lose their reversibility, and generate lethal double-strand DNA breaks. Further investigations of topoisomerase action will allow this model to be refined, and may ultimately lead to the development of more effective anticancer drugs.
Fabrication and properties of 0-3 cement based piezoelectric smart composites (2002)

One of the crucial issues in the application of smart materials to concrete structure is the consistency between them and the host concrete materials. The development of cement based piezoelectric composites is proposed for solving the mismatch problem. The 0-3 cement based piezoelectric composite is fabricated, which have a uniform distribution of piezoelectric ceramic particles and a dense inner structure. The test results show that the poling voltage of the composite is reduced drastically and the piezoelectric properties of the composite are superior to those of the 0-3 polymer/ceramic piezoelectric composite in the same condition.
Steroidal Heterocycles. VII.1 Androstano[2,3-d]isoxazoles and Related Compounds (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroidal Heterocycles. VII.1 Androstano[2,3-d]isoxazoles and Related CompoundsA. J. Manson, F. W. Stonner, H. C. Neumann, R. G. Christiansen, Robert L. Clarke, J. H. Ackerman, D. F. Page, J. W. Dean, D. K. Phillips, G. O. Potts, A. Arnold, A. L. Beyler, and R. O. ClintonCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 1, 1–9Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00337a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Apoptotic-Like Tumor Cells and Apoptotic Neutrophils in Mitochondrion-Rich Gastric Adenocarcinomas: A Comparative Study with Light and Electron Microscopy between these Two Forms of Cell Death (2013)

Mitochondrion-rich adenocarcinomas represent a rare variant of gastric adenocarcinomas composed predominantly of columnar adenocarcinoma cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, a strong supranuclear immunoreactivity for antimitochondrial antibody, and a marked neutrophil infiltration associated to tumor cell death. The purpose of this work is to investigate, using correlated light and electron microscopy, mitochondrion-rich gastric adenocarcinomas focusing on the nature of the death in neoplastic cells and in infiltrating neutrophils. Adenocarcinoma cells, single or in small clusters, showed convoluted nuclei, irregularly condensed chromatin, loss of microvilli, and nuclear envelope dilatation. No nuclear fragmentation was observed in these dying cells and the plasma membrane did not show signs of disruption. These ultrastructural findings represent intermediate aspects between apoptosis and necrosis and are compatible with apoptosis-like programmed cell death. By contrast, some infiltrating neutrophils showed ultrastructural signs of classic apoptosis such as chromatin condensation into compact geometric (globular, crescentshaped) figures, tightly packed cytoplasmic granules and intact cell membrane. Our study provides ultrastructural evidence of apoptosislike tumour cell death in mitochondrion-rich gastric carcinomas and confirms that stereotyped outcome either as apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells cannot always be expected in human neoplasms.
A Novel Application of a Pd(0)-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction to the Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Lactam Analogues of the Epothilone Natural Products (2000)

Several lactam analogues of the epothilones were prepared using a concise semisynthetic approach starting with the unprotected natural products. Highlighted in this strategy is a novel regio- and stereoselective Pd(0)-catalyzed azidation reaction of a macrocyclic lactone. Subsequent reduction and macrolactamization of the resulting azide acid intermediates provided the desired macrolactams in satisfactory overall yields. The entire three-step sequence was streamlined into a "one-pot" process for the epothilone B-lactam, BMS-247550, which is currently undergoing phase I clinical trials. An initial total synthesis route to prepare the lactam analogue of epothilone C was completed and compared to the more direct semisynthesis approach. All of the lactam analogues were evaluated in vitro and the results are discussed.
O TEOREMA FUNDAMENTAL DA ÁLGEBRA SOB UM PONTO DE VISTA HISTÓRICO (2014)

Neste texto sao discutidas as primeiras demonstracoes do Teorema Fundamental da Algebra sob um ponto de vista historico. Primeiramente, e feita uma breve abordagem dos fatos precedentes as demonstracoes do Teorema. Objetiva-se entender as ideias utilizadas nas demonstracoes validas bem como naquelas consideradas incorretas. Tambem sao apresentados dados historicos relevantes para as demonstracoes. Por conseguinte, sao apresentados os esbocos das provas feitas por Gauss.
An animal model for the neuromodulation of neurogenic bladder dysfunction (1998)

This work reports and initial study showing that chronic electrostimulation of sacral nerve roots can reduce the signs of bladder hyper-reflexia in the spinally injured rat. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the rat as an animal model to determine the effects of chronic electrostimulation on the micturition reflex.
Optimizing the performance of polynomial adaptive filters: making quadratic filters converge like linear filters (1999)

The correlation properties of the input vector determine the rate of convergence of the LMS algorithm for Volterra adaptive filters and are optimal when the nonlinear input terms are uncorrelated. This correspondence presents new results on the correlation properties for second-order Volterra filters and shows that when the input signal is whitened, the nonlinear terms automatically become uncorrelated.
Idiotypic analysis of the response of C57BL/6 mice to the (4‐hydroxy‐3‐nitrophenyl)acetyl group (1977)

Strain C57BL/6 mice produce a highly restricted primary response to the (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) group. This response is composed of molecules having mu or gamma1 heavy chains and light chains of the lambda type. A guinea pig anti-idiotype was raised to the purified C57BL/6 primary anti-NP immunoglobulin. After suitable absorption, this anti-idiotype was shown to detect markers present on the primary anti-NP immunoglobulin only of those strains which express the Ig-1b allotype. Breeding experiments demonstrated that the marker segregated with the heavy chain linkage group.
Sounding the Alarm: Protein Kinase Cascades Activated by Stress and Inflammation (1996)

ATF-2, activating transcription factor-2; NF-B, nuclear factor B; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; NGF, nerve growth factor. We use the more ecumenical name ERKs, rather than MAPKs, to describe all members of the eukaryotic protein kinase family composed of MAPK-related kinases, inasmuch as only a subset of the mammalian ERKs is truly
Joining of Intermetallice Compound TiAl by using Al Filler Metal (1995)

Ti-34 mass% Al cast alloy with γ-(TiAl)/α 2 (Ti 3 Al) lamellar structure was bonded at 1173 K by using Al sheet as a filler metal. At 1173 K, Al filler metal melted and reacted with base metal to transform to TiAl 3 or TiAl 2 by the diffusion of Ti from base metal. By the subsequent heat treatment of the joint at 1573 K, TiAl joint was homogenized and the filler metal transformed to single γ phase. The obtained TiAl joint had almost the same tensile strength as that of base metal, 220 MPa, at room temperature or at 873 K
Novel Citric Acid‐Based Biodegradable Elastomers for Tissue Engineering (2004)

The synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable elastomers , exemplified by poly(1,8‐octanediol‐ co ‐citric acid), is reported. Biodegradation, mechanical, and biocompatibility data suggest very good potential for use as porous scaffolds in cardiovascular tissue engineering (see Figure). Material properties can be tailored by modulating the monomer ratio and post‐polymerization conditions.
New Anthraquinone Derivatives as Inhibitors of the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase-Associated Ribonuclease H Function (2012)

Our results demonstrate that AQ derivatives are promising anti-RNase H inhibitors.
[Purification and characterization of the fusion protein TGF-betaR II/Fc]. (2003)

The fusion protein TGF-betaR II/Fc can inhibit the biological activity of TGF-beta1 in-vitro. This study will be helpful to the mass production of the fusion protein, and will facilitate its further use in the therapy of pulmonary fibrosis.
ATP and ADP Bind to Cytochrome c Oxidase and Regulate Its Activity (1997)

By equilibrium dialysis of cytochrome c oxidase from bovine heart with [35S]ATPalphaS and [35S]ADPalphaS, seven binding sites for ATP and ten for ADP were determined per monomer of the isolated enzyme. The binding of ATP occurs in a time-dependent manner, as shown by a filtration method, which is apparently due to slow exchange of bound cholate. In the crystallized enzyme 10 mol of cholate were determined and partly identified in the high resolution crystal structure. Binding of ADP leads to conformational changes of the Tween 20-solubilized enzyme, as shown by a 12% decrease of the gamma-band. The conformational change is specific for ADP, since CDP, GDP and UDP showed no effects. The spectral changes are not obtained with the dodecylmaltoside solubilized enzyme. The polarographically measured activity of cytochrome c oxidase is lower after preincubation with high ATP/ADP-ratios than with low, in the presence of Tween 20. This effect of nucleotides is due to interaction with subunit IV, because preincubation of the enzyme with a monoclonal antibody to subunit IV released the inhibition by ATP. In the presence of dodecylmaltoside the enzyme had a 2 to 3-fold higher total activity, but this activity was not influenced by preincubation with ATP or ADP.