gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blocking of fimbria-mediated adherence of Haemophilus influenzae by sialyl gangliosides (1991)

The structure of the receptor for the fimbriae of Haemophilus influenzae on human oropharyngeal epithelial cells and erythrocytes was determined in inhibition experiments with various sugars, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. Of 30 monosaccharides and disaccharides at a concentration of 0.1 M and of 3 polysaccharides at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, none inhibited fimbria-specific adherence and hemagglutination. Inhibition was obtained with gangliosides GM1, GM2, GM3, and GD1a in nanomolar concentrations, whereas the asialo derivative of GM1, sialyl-lactose, and sialoglycoproteins were poor inhibitors. These findings indicate that sialyl-lactosylceramide (GM3) is the minimal structure for the fimbria-dependent binding of H. influenzae to its receptor on oropharyngeal epithelial cells and erythrocytes. As is the case with GM2, substitution of GM3 with N-acetylgalactosamine makes the molecule a 10-fold-better receptor analog.
Finite Propagation of Heat Transfer in a Multilayer Tissue (2008)

analytical method to analyze the problem with the instantaneous surface heat flux. The numerical results are in a good agreement with the analytical solution that evidences the rationality and reliability of the present results. We discussed the deviations between the thermal wave model of bioheat transfer and the Pennes model. The predicted resultsdepictthatthetimederivativeofheat flux,therelaxationtime,andthecompositestructuresignificantlyaffect the thermal propagation behavior. The effects of � 1@q0;t=@t ≠ 0 on the results from the equation for the thermal wave model of bioheat transfer are also distinct. The finite propagation effect should be described in the heating surface boundary condition. Nomenclature B, C, D, E = coefficients c = specific heat of tissue, J=kg � � C cb = specific heat of blood, J=kg � � C k = thermal conductivity, W=m � � C L = length of tissue, m ‘ = distance between two neighboring nodes, m m = node number at the boundary surface qm = metabolic heat generation, J=m 3 qr = heat source for spatial heating, J=m 3 qw = amplitude of sinusoidal surface heating, J=m 3 s = Laplace transform parameter
Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts acute kidney injury, morbidity and mortality after pediatric cardiac surgery: a prospective uncontrolled cohort study (2007)

Accurate measurements of plasma NGAL are obtained using the point-of-care Triage(R) NGAL device. Plasma NGAL is an early predictive biomarker of AKI, morbidity, and mortality after pediatric CPB.
Irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN‐38: review of bioanalytical methods and recent update from clinical pharmacology perspectives (2009)

The introduction of irinotecan has revolutionized the applicability of camptothecins as predominant topoisomerase I inhibitor for anti-cancer therapy. The potent anti-tumor activity of irinotecan is due to rapid formation of an in vivo active metabolite, SN-38. Therefore, irinotecan is considered as a pro-drug to generate SN-38. Over the past decade, side-by-side with the clinical advancement of the use of irinotecan in the oncology field, a plethora of bioanalytical methods have been published to quantify irinotecan, SN-38 and other metabolites. Because of the availability of HPLC, LC-MS and LC-MS/MS methods, the pharmacokinetic profiling of irinotecan and its metabolites has been accomplished in multiple species, including cancer patients. The developed assays continue to find use in the optimization of newly designed delivery systems with regard to pharmacokinetics to promote safe and effective use of either irinotecan or SN-38. This review intends to: firstly, provide an exhaustive compilation of the published assays for irinotecan, SN-38 and other metabolite(s) of irinotecan, as applicable; secondly, to enumerate the validation parameters and applicable conclusions; and thirdly, provide some recent perspectives in the clinical pharmacology arena pertaining to efflux transporters, pediatric profiling, role of kidney function in defining toxicity, drug-drug interaction potential of irinotecan, etc.
Expressed Sequence Tags from the Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale complex, a Unicellular Charophycean Alga, in the Sexual Reproduction Process (2003)

We obtained genetic information on sexual reproduction of the Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale complex, a unicellular charophycean alga. Normalized cDNA libraries were constructed from cells in the sexual reproduction process, and a total of 1190 5'-end expressed sequence tags were established. Since 604 of these ESTs were classified into 174 non-redundant sequences, these 1190 ESTs include 760 unique sequences. Similarity search against a public non-redundant protein database indicated that 390 unique sequences had significant similarity to registered sequences. Among these 390 sequences, 3 were identical to and 4 were homologous to previously identified sex-pheromone genes. According to our study, 370 of 760 unique sequences are likely to be novel transcripts. These cDNA clones and EST sequence information may would be helpful for future functional analyses using DNA array technologies.
Hydraulic permeation of liquids through swollen polymeric networks. III. A generalized correlation (1975)

Abstract An approximate equation was developed that permits calculation of the solvent tracer diffusion coefficient in a homogeneous swollen membrane from the measured hydraulic permeability coefficient. This relation was applied to data for 28 polymer–solvent systems that included 15 different organic solvents and 5 hydrocarbon polymer networks whose equilibrium swellings ranged from 16.1 to 91.5% polymer on a volume basis. The calculated tracer diffusion coefficient divided by the pure solvent self‐diffusion coefficient for these systems formed a unique correlation when plotted versus the polymer volume fraction in the membrane. This relation agreed well with tracer diffusion coefficient data in the literature for the benzene–natural rubber system measured by radioactive tagging. Discussion centers on the evidence for the validity of the equation developed and the role of hydrodynamics on diffusion in swollen membranes.
A new class of plastidic phosphate translocators: a putative link between primary and secondary metabolism by the phosphoenolpyruvate/phosphate antiporter. (1997)

We have purified a plastidic phosphate transport protein from maize endosperm membranes and cloned and sequenced the corresponding cDNAs from maize endosperm, maize roots, cauliflower buds, tobacco leaves, and Arabidopsis leaves. All of these cDNAs exhibit high homology to each other but only approximately 30% identity to the known chloroplast triose phosphate/phosphate translocators. The corresponding genes are expressed in both photosynthetically active tissues and in nongreen tissues, although transcripts were more abundant in nongreen tissues. Expression of the coding region in transformed yeast cells and subsequent transport measurements of the purified recombinant translocator showed that the protein mediates transport of inorganic phosphate in exchange with C3 compounds phosphorylated at C-atom 2, particularly phosphoenolpyruvate, which is required inside the plastids for the synthesis of, for example, aromatic amino acids. This plastidic phosphate transporter is thus different in structure and function from the known triose phosphate/phosphate translocator. We propose that plastids contain various phosphate translocators with overlapping substrate specificities to ensure an efficient supply of plastids with a single substrate, even in the presence of other phosphorylated metabolites.
Lymphoma in the Ear (2000)

In a case of therapy-resistant otitis and/or peripheral facial paralysis malignancy should be excluded by computer tomography of the mastoid. For histopathological diagnosis unfixed specimens are preferable. Uniform treatment of lymphomas of the ear has not been established.
Sulfonamides and Sulfonylated Derivatives as Anticancer Agents (2002)

The sulfonamides constitute an important class of drugs, with several types of pharmacological agents possessing antibacterial, anti-carbonic anhydrase, diuretic, hypoglycemic and antithyroid activity among others. A host of structurally novel sulfonamide derivatives have recently been reported to show substantial antitumor activity in vitro and/or in vivo. Although they have a common chemical motif of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamide, there are a variety of mechanisms of their antitumor action, such as carbonic anhydrase inhibition, cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, disruption of microtubule assembly, functional suppression of the transcriptional activator NF-Y, and angiogenesis (matrix metalloproteinase, MMP) inhibition among others. Some of these compounds selected via elaborate preclinical screenings or obtained based on computer-aided drug design, are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. This review summarizes recent classes of sulfonamides and related sulfonyl derivatives disclosed ultimately as effective tumor cell growth inhibitors, or for the treatment of different types of cancer.
Dengue haemorrhagic fever (1983)

Journal Article Dengue haemorrhagic fever Get access Scott B. Halstead Scott B. Halstead Dept. of Tropical Medicine and Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 3675 Kilauea Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii 96816 U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 77, Issue 5, 1983, Page 739, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(83)90219-5 Published: 01 January 1983 Article history Published: 01 January 1983 Accepted: 07 July 1983
Low power CMOS level shifters by bootstrapping technique (2002)

A level shifter circuit using bootstrapped gate drive to minimise voltage swing is presented. Capacitors are used to maintain the voltage difference between the gates of pull-up PMOS and pull-down NMOS. The power saving over conventional level shifter is typically 50% for a 5 V input and 12 V output.
Using hidden Markov models to analyze gene expression time course data (2003)

We propose to use Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to account for the horizontal dependencies along the time axis in time course data and to cope with the prevalent errors and missing values. The HMMs are used within a model-based clustering framework. We are given a number of clusters, each represented by one Hidden Markov Model from a finite collection encompassing typical qualitative behavior. Then, our method finds in an iterative procedure cluster models and an assignment of data points to these models that maximizes the joint likelihood of clustering and models. Partially supervised learning--adding groups of labeled data to the initial collection of clusters--is supported. A graphical user interface allows querying an expression profile dataset for time course similar to a prototype graphically defined as a sequence of levels and durations. We also propose a heuristic approach to automate determination of the number of clusters. We evaluate the method on published yeast cell cycle and fibroblasts serum response datasets, and compare them, with favorable results, to the autoregressive curves method.
Detachment of cells from culture substrate by soluble fibronectin peptides. (1985)

The synthetic cell attachment-promoting peptides from fibronectin (Pierschbacher, M. D., and E. Ruoslahti, 1984, Nature (Lond.)., 309:30-33) were found to detach cultured cells from the substratum when added to the culture in a soluble form. Peptides ranging in length from tetrapeptide to heptapeptide and containing the active L-arginyl-glycyl-L-aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence had the detaching activity, whereas a series of different peptides with chemically similar structures had no detectable effect on any of the test cells. The Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptides caused detachment of various cell lines of different species and histogenetic origin. Studies with defined substrates showed that the active peptides could inhibit the attachment of cells to vitronectin in addition to fibronectin, indicating that vitronectin is recognized by cells through a similar mechanism as fibronectin. The peptides did not inhibit the attachment of cells to collagen. However, cells cultured on collagen-coated plastic for 24-36 h, as well as cells with demonstrable type I or type VI collagen in their matrix, were susceptible to the detaching effect of the peptides. These results indicate that the recognition mechanism(s) by which cells bind to fibronectinand vitronectin plays a major role in the substratum attachment of cells and that collagens may not be directly involved in cell-substratum adhesion. Since vitronectin is abundant in serum, it is probably an important component in mediating the attachment of cultured cells. The independence of the effects of the peptide on the presence of serum and the susceptibility of many different cell types to detachment by the peptide show that the peptides perturb an attachment mechanism that is intrinsic to the cells and fundamentally significant to their adhesion.
Jarra Beethoven e a incrível história de uma imagem-problema (2010)

Using studies linked to visual culture and dealing with questions of image and place, we intend to revisit the history of a jug made in Portugal at the end of the 19th century, donated to the Brazilian government, and nowadays part of the permanent collection of the Museu Nacional de Belas Artes in Rio de Janeiro â€” the Beethoven jug. Through critical analysis of the journeys taken by this jug and by pursuing the historicity of the meanings given to it, we intend to discuss the relationship between image, object and space with reference to questions of the idolatry and iconoclasm of a single object, showing the transience of the meanings and the role of institutions and authoritative discourse in determining opinion on a work of art.
Reversible PEGylation of peptide YY3‐36 prolongs its inhibition of food intake in mice (2005)

Administration of peptide YY 3‐36 (PYY 3‐36 ) to fasting humans or mice shortly before re‐feeding effectively reduced their food intake, but PYY 3‐36 exhibited a functional half‐life of only ∼3 h. Attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) to proteins and peptides (PEGylation) prolongs their half‐life in vivo, but completely inactivated PYY 3‐36 . We developed a reversibly PEGylated PYY 3‐36 derivative by coupling it to a 40 kDa PEG through a spontaneously cleavable linker. The resulting conjugate (PEG 40 –FMS–PYY 3‐36 ) gradually released unmodified PYY 3‐36 in vivo, exhibiting an eightfold increase in its functional half‐life, to ∼24 h. This long‐acting PYY 3‐36 pro‐drug may serve as an effective means for controlling food intake in humans.
Inhibition of GM-CSF Production by Recombinant Human Interleukin-4: Negative Regulator of Hematopoiesis (1995)

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B-cell stimulatory factor-1 (BSF-1), was initially identified as a T-cell product that mediates anti-IgM-induced DNA synthesis in B-lymphocytes. Various aspects of this highly pleiotropic cytokine have been described, including those on hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, the role of IL-4 in the hematopoietic system has been given different interpretations. Normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells do not proliferate under control of the autocrine system and cytokines are needed for proliferation and differentiation. However, IL-4 in itself does not support proliferation of these cells and if this is the case, the effects of IL-4 on hematopoietic progenitor cells still need to be investigated from the point of view of synergism with other cytokines as well as the control of accessory cells in the production of cytokines. We describe here some properties of IL-4 in association with cytokine production, with special emphasis on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production.
Immunochemical approach to characterize advanced glycation end products of the Maillard reaction (1991)

Reaction of protein amino groups with glucose (the Maillard reaction) leads from early stage products such as Schiff base and Amadori products to advanced glycation end products (AGE), structures implicated in diabetic complications and the aging process. We have prepared the polyclonal anti-AGE antibody and the monoclonal anti-AGE antibody against AGE-bovine serum albumin and made an immunochemical approach to characterize AGE structures. Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies reacted with AGE-proteins such as AGE-bovine serum albumin, AGE-human serum albumin, and AGE-hemoglobin but not with unmodified counterparts. Treatments of these AGE-proteins with borohydride had no effect on the immunoreactivity. Moreover, fructosyl-epsilon-caproic acid, a synthetic Amadori compound, did not serve as an antigen, indicating that these antibodies were specific for AGE products but not for early stage products of the Maillard reaction. In addition, these antibodies were also able to recognize AGE products prepared either from alpha-tosyl-1-lysine, alpha-tosyl-1-lysine methyl ester, monoaminocarboxylic acid such as epsilon-aminocaproic acid, gamma-amino-n-butyric acid, and beta-alanine. Thus, these results strongly suggest the presence of a common structure in AGE preparations, regardless of whether AGE products are generated from proteins, amino acids, or monoaminocarboxylic acids.
Full Orthogonality between Dde and Fmoc:  The Direct Synthesis of PNA−Peptide Conjugates (2004)

New deprotection conditions for the Dde amine protecting group that are fully orthogonal to Fmoc are described and successfully applied to the dual synthesis of PNA-peptide conjugates.
Op zoek naar kwaliteit; toetsingsprotocollen bouwstoffenbesluit (1998)

Het Bouwstoffenbesluit treedt bijna in werking. Vanaf dat moment zal de producent niet meer alleen een bouwstof van goede civieltechnische kwaliteit moeten leveren. maar moet deze eveneens een goede milieuhygiënische kwaliteit hebben. In dit artikel een toelichting over hoe de milieuhygiënische kwaliteit kan worden vastgesteld.
Binding Specificity for RACK1 Resides in the V5 Region of βII Protein Kinase C (2001)

Identification of selective anchoring proteins responsible for specialized localization of specific signaling proteins has led to the identification of new inhibitors of signal transduction, inhibitors of anchoring protein-ligand interactions. RACK1, the first receptor for activated C kinase identified in our lab, is a selective anchoring protein for betaII protein kinase C (betaIIPKC). We previously found that at least part of the RACK1-binding site resides in the C2 domain of betaIIPKC (Ron, D., Luo, J., and Mochly-Rosen, D. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 24180-24187). Here we show that the V5 domain also contains part of the RACK1-binding site in betaIIPKC. In neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, the betaIIV5-3 peptide (amino acids 645-650 in betaIIPKC) selectively inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced translocation of betaIIPKC and not betaIPKC. In addition, the betaIIV5-3 peptide inhibited cardiac myocyte hypertrophy in PMA-treated cells. Interestingly, betaIV5-3 (646-651 in betaIPKC), a selective translocation inhibitor of betaIPKC, also inhibited PMA-induced cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, demonstrating that both betaI- and betaIIPKC are essential for this cardiac function. Therefore, the betaIIV5 domain contains part of the RACK1-binding site in betaIIPKC; a peptide corresponding to this site is a selective inhibitor of betaIIPKC and, hence, enables the identification of betaIIPKC-selective functions.
Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy and Photobleaching Recovery (1985)

Machine learning (ML) is transforming all areas of science. The complex and time-consuming calculations in molecular simulations are particularly suitable for an ML revolution and have already been profoundly affected by the application of existing ML ...Read More
Brain Hexokinase (1968)

The particulate hexokinase activity of rat brain is interconvertible among soluble, particulate, and latent (also particulate) forms. Changes in the distribution of the enzyme among these forms may be effected by changes in levels of certain common metabolites in the incubation medium. Glucose-6-P, ATP, ADP, AMP, various chelating agents, and high salt concentrations cause solubilization, and ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-P also cause a partial exposure of the latent activity. Solubilization by glucose-6-P and ATP is relatively specific for hexokinase compared to solubilization by high salt concentrations. The solubilization by glucose-6-P is reversed by divalent cations and inhibited by Pi, while solubilization by ATP is not affected by these agents. Solubilization by ATP and glucose-6-P also differ in their sensitivity to temperature changes. Results are presented which are interpreted as indicating the existence of four pools of particulate hexokinase activity in rat brain, defined by their susceptibility to exposure and solubilization (or both) by ATP, glucose-6-P, and Triton X-100. It is suggested that these pools result primarily from differences in the intracellular location of the enzyme. It is proposed that hexokinase activity in vivo may be controlled by the relative distribution between soluble and particulate forms, the latter being more active. This distribution is considered to be governed by the intracellular ATP, glucose-6-P, and Pi (and possibly other metabolite) levels. The proposed increased activity of the particulate enzyme may be due, at least in part, to increased affinity for ATP, as measured by the Km value for this substrate, and decreased susceptibility to inhibition by glucose-6-P.
Microsoft DirectShow: A New Media Architecture (1997)

The desktop revolution in production and post-production has dramatically changed the way film and television programs are made, simultaneously reducing equipment costs and increasing operator efficiency. The enabling digital innovations by individual companies using standard computing platforms has come at a price—these custom implementations and closed solutions make sharing of media and hardware between applications difficult if not impossible. Microsoft's DirectShow™ Streaming Media Architecture and Windows Driver Model provide the infrastructure for today's post-production applications and hardware to truly become interoperable. This paper describes the architecture, supporting technologies, and their application in post-production scenarios.
In Vivo Bioluminescent Imaging of Virus-Mediated Gene Transfer and Transduced Cell Transplantation in the Intervertebral Disc (2004)

Data from 11 animals were obtained with imaging up to 14 days. To our knowledge, this is the first description of in vivo bioluminescence imaging to study spinal conditions. We have characterized the relative expression of three cell types transduced with the Ad-luc virus by ex vivo transfection followed by cell implantation in the rat spine and compared them to one another and to direct infection of Ad-luc adenovirus in situ. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of tracing genetically altered cells in the spine. This technique has the potential to be used to noninvasively track the fate and expression of therapeutic genes within the spine of small animals used in disc research.
Applying SaMsTaG to the B-ISDN protocol SSCOP (1997)

The test generation method SaMsTaG (SDL and MSC based test case generation) has been applied successfully to the B-ISDN ATM Adaption Layer protocol SSCOP (Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol). For approximately 70% of the identified test purposes complete TTCN test cases have been generated automatically. In this paper we describe the experiment, discuss the results and explain how further improvements of the test generation process can be achieved.