gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Botulinum Toxin in Aesthetic Medicine: Myths and Realities (2017)

The existing evidence suggests that experienced users should achieve equivalent results regardless of BoNT-A formulation, but additional, well-designed, adequately powered, controlled randomized studies should be performed.
Preparation and properties of tantalum imido complexes and their reactions with alkynes. Coordination control through multiple metal-ligand bonding (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and properties of tantalum imido complexes and their reactions with alkynes. Coordination control through multiple metal-ligand bondingYuan Wei Chao, Pamela A. Wexler, and David E. WigleyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 20, 3860–3868Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00319a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00319a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1514Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nucleotide and Predicted Peptide Sequence of Feline Interleukin-12 (IL-12) (1997)

Feline Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein consisting of two disulfide linked subunits of about 40 kD (p40) and 35 kD (p35). It is a pleiotropic cytokine mediating biological activities on T- and NK-cells. One important function is the induction of a Th1 immune response. Here we report the cloning and sequencing of feline IL-12, the expression of the p40-protein in E. coli and production of monoclonal antibodies. At the nucleotide level, feline IL-12 shows between 87-90%, on the amino acid level between 82-87% identity to the bovine and human IL-12, respectively.
Practical Data Mining: Analysis of Barnett Shale Production Results With Emphasis on Well Completion and Fracture Stimulation (2012)

Abstract This paper documents follow-on work to an original data mining study of horizontal wells in the North Texas Barnett Shale play. In this study, the authors have analyzed well and production data beginning with over 15,000 producing Barnett wells. Study wells were grouped for similar map-based reservoir properties, normalized for the effects of well architecture, and normalized for production. The study used statistical and data mining techniques plus Geographical Information System pattern-recognition techniques to aid in interpretation of production result trends. The principal focus of the follow-on study is in the areas of completion and hydraulic fracturing. It is intended to demonstrate lessons-learned from careful analysis of large volumes of data, some of which can only be examined by proxy. Data sets from public and proprietary data sources were collected and merged into a common database. Data elements were subjected to statistical quality control methods in order to minimize the potential for inaccurate data to be included in the analysis. Short-term production proxies were studied and decided upon in order to adequately compare well productivity values over many years of horizontal well drilling across the Fort Worth Basin. Previous work showed that the application of practical data mining methods to a large Shale Gas data set resulted in learning key lessons that were not apparent from small data sets. The previous work also showed that certain popular beliefs did not hold up to examination of the available data. Similar to past work, this work is significant in the use of merged reservoir quality proxies, well architecture data, completion data, and stimulation data, against which production results are placed in geographical perspective for improved interpretation. This work is also significant in the application of advanced data mining methods beyond routine statistical work.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Rhamnetin and a Model of Its Binding to c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase 1 and p38 MAPK (2014)

Rhamnetin (1), a commonly occurring plant O-methylated flavonoid, possesses antioxidant properties. To address the potential therapeutic efficacy of 1, its anti-inflammatory activity and mode of action in mouse macrophage-derived RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon (IFN)-γ were investigated. Rhamnetin (1) suppressed mouse tumor necrosis factor (mTNF)-α, mouse macrophage inflammatory protein (mMIP)-1, and mMIP-2 cytokine production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. A nontoxic dose of 1 suppressed nitric oxide production. It was found that the anti-inflammatory effects of 1 are mediated by actions on the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathways in LPS- or IFN-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. It was determined that 1 binds to human JNK1 (9.7 × 10(8) M(-1)) and p38 MAPK (2.31 × 10(7) M(-1)) with good affinity. The binding model showed interactions with the 3'- and 4'-hydroxy groups of the B-ring and the 5-hydroxy group of the A-ring of 1. Further, 1 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect, reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators.
Targeting the c-MET signaling pathway for cancer therapy (2008)

The dysregulated c-MET pathway represents a promising target for cancer drug development. The agents that target the c-MET pathway have demonstrated impressive evidence of early clinical activity and may have a significant therapeutic potential.
Chemokines, chemokine receptors and hematopoiesis (2000)

Hematopoiesis during steady state conditions is regulated and finely tuned by a network of cytokines and their effects on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and on accessory cells that influence the stem and progenitor cells. Amongst the numerous cytokines implicated in this regulation are members of the CC, CXC and C family of chemokines. Twenty-five chemokine members have been demonstrated to have the capacity to suppress the proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Three chemokines have been implicated in the chemotaxis of these stem and progenitor cells, and one has been linked to their survival after growth factor withdrawal. This review focuses on the proliferation-suppressing, chemotaxis-induced, and cell survival effects of different chemokine family members on myeloid progenitor cells. This is placed in the context of what we know and don't know about the intracellular signaling events mediating these effects. This information and what is yet to be learned in this area could have important clinical implications for treatment of disease.
The Single-Stranded DNA Phages (1975)

(1975). The Single-Stranded DNA Phages. CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology: Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 161-223.
Immunology a Laboratory Manual (1989)

As enrollments in immunology courses continue to expand, so do the calls for up-to-date, professional lab manuals. Immunology: A Laboratory Manual brings together a variety of methods that provide an experimental foundation for the study of immunology. Its wide range of experiments don't require sophisticated equipment or materials and can be tied easily to most immunology texts.
C-fos Expression in Brain Stem of Rats after Salicylic Acid Treatment (2002)

Objectives：Subjective tinnitus, a distracting internal noise, is experienced by humans. Tinnitus is evoked by salicylic acid treatment in rats as confirmed by Jastreboff in 1994 in an animal behavior model of tinnitus with salicylic acid. The objective of this study is to evaluate c-fos expression in the brain stem of rats after salicylic acid treatment. Materials and Method：After salicylic acid (450 mg/kg) and saline treatment (450 mg/kg), c-fos immunohistochemical staining expression in the auditory and nonauditory brain stem nuclei were observed. Results：Many immunoreactive cells were observed in the Locus Ceruleus of the salicylic acid treated animals, but not in the saline treated animals. No immunoreactive cells were found in the auditory brain stem nuclei. Conclusion：The Locus Ceruleus is the nucleus of the brain stem and produce norepinephrine which results in arousal of the neuronal activity for stress. These results suggest that salicylic acid may evoke tinnitus through a combined effect on the auditory and nonauditory brain nuclei. It seems possible that the interaction of these effects at particular locations of the brain causes tinnitus. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002;45: 214-8)
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium Phosphate as a Catalyst for the Knoevenagel Condensation. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High In Vivo Production of a Model Monoclonal Antibody on Adenoviral Gene Transfer (2002)

The therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for treating a variety of severe or life-threatening diseases is high. Although intravenous infusion appears to be the simplest and most obvious mode of administration, it is not applicable in many long-term treatments. It might, however, be advantageously replaced by gene/cell therapies, rendering treatments cost-effective and eliminating the short- and long-term side effects associated with injection of massive doses of antibodies. Grafting of ex vivo genetically modified cells of various types has already been used for in vivo production and systemic delivery of MAbs in mice. However, although sustained for long periods of time, serum levels of ectopic MAbs were low. We show here that in vivo administration to mice of a first-generation adenoviral vector expressing a model MAb also permits achievement of the same goal, but with 100 to 200 times better efficiency that in any other case of gene transfer described thus far. We also investigated for possible anti-idiotypic response against the ectopic MAb. None was detected in the animals expressing the lowest levels of ectopic MAb production; a response was detected among the highest producers. In the latter case, however, the response was low and could not exert any significant neutralizing activity. In conclusion, our work indicates that high levels of circulating ectopic MAb can be obtained on direct in vivo gene transfer without inducing an anti-idiotypic response sufficiently robust to exert a neutralizing effect. This observation is encouraging in the perspective of clinical applications of this technology.
Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells: An Update (2005)

The quintessential stem cell is the embryonal stem (ES) cell which has unlimited self-renewal and multipotent differentiation potential. Stem cells have also been identified in most tissues. Compared with ES cells, tissue-specific stem cells have less self-renewal ability and, although they differentiate into multiple lineages, they are not multipotent. A large number of recent published studies have suggested that tissue-specific stem cells may have the ability to generate cells of tissues from unrelated organs. We have identified a population of primitive cells in normal human, rodent, and possibly other mammalian postnatal tissues that have, at the single cell level, multipotent differentiation and extensive proliferation potential, which we named multipotent adult progenitor cell (MAPC). We will discuss studies aimed at determining whether MAPCs also exist in bone marrow of other species, whether MAPCs exist in vivo or are a culture phenomenon, to further characterize MAPCs using gene expression profiling, and effects of in vivo transplantation of MAPCs.
Prostate stem cell antigen: A cell surface marker overexpressed in prostate cancer (1998)

The identification of cell surface antigens is critical to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for the management of prostate cancer. Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is a prostate-specific gene with 30% homology to stem cell antigen 2, a member of the Thy-1/Ly-6 family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface antigens. PSCA encodes a 123-aa protein with an amino-terminal signal sequence, a carboxyl-terminal GPI-anchoring sequence, and multiple N-glycosylation sites. PSCA mRNA expression is prostate-specific in normal male tissues and is highly up-regulated in both androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer xenografts. In situ mRNA analysis localizes PSCA expression in normal prostate to the basal cell epithelium, the putative stem cell compartment of the prostate. There is moderate to strong PSCA expression in 111 of 126 (88%) prostate cancer specimens examined by in situ analysis, including high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and androgen-dependent and androgen-independent tumors. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrates that PSCA is expressed predominantly on the cell surface and is anchored by a GPI linkage. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis localizes the PSCA gene to chromosome 8q24.2, a region of allelic gain in more than 80% of prostate cancers. A mouse homologue with 70% amino acid identity and similar genomic organization to human PSCA has also been identified. These results support PSCA as a target for prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Using ontologies and the web to learn lexical semantics (2007)

A variety of text processing tasks require or bene-fit from semantic resources such as ontologies and lexicons. Creating these resources manually is te-dious, time consuming, and prone to error. We present a new algorithm for using the web to de-termine the correct concept in an existing ontology to lexicalize previously unknown words, such as might be discovered while processing texts. A de-tailed empirical comparison of our algorithm with two existing algorithms (Cilibrasi &amp;amp; Vitanyi 2004, Maedche et al. 2002) is described, leading to in-sights into the sources of the algorithms ’ strengths and weaknesses. 1
An Experimental Animal Model of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase. (1996)

Previously, we found that the antibody titer belonging to the IgM class produced against the bacterial antigen (Lipid A) was elevated in sera from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). On the other hand, the targets of the mitochondrial autoantibodies have been identified as being components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). We tried to produce an experimental animal model for the investigation of the association between hepatic bile duct alteration and bacterial infection. Female C57/BL mice, aged 4 weeks, were used. An emulsion consisting of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Salmonella minnesota Re595, PDH, and Freund's adjuvant was prepared. This emulsion was subcutaneously injected on the back of the mice. The mice were divided into a control group (n = 5), a group given LPS (n = 5) alone, those given PDH alone (n = 5), and those given a combination of LPS and PDH (n = 5). The antigens were administered once a week every week with a maximum duration of administration of 24 weeks. The serum levels of IgM after 24 weeks in the LPS and LPS + PDH groups were 2.5 times higher than those in the control and PDH groups. The light microscopic findings of liver tissue revealed that infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the portal area, proliferation of the bile duct, and degeneration of the biliary epithelial cells were more prominent in the PDH and LPS + PDH groups than in the other groups. These results indicate that our animal model may be useful in investing the pathogenesis of PBC.
RNA mimetics: oligoribonucleotide N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates (1998)

The synthesis and properties of novel RNA mimetics, oligoribonucleotide N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates, are described. These oligonucleotides contain 3'-aminoribonucleosides connected via N3'-->P5' phosphoramidate linkages, replacing the native RNA O3'-->P5' phosphodiester counterparts. The key monomers 2'-t-butyldimethylsilyl-3'-(monomethoxytrityl)-amino-5'-phospho ramidi tes were synthesized and used to prepare the oligonucleotide phosphoramidates using a solid phase methodology based on the phosphoramidite transfer reaction. Oligoribophosphoramidates are very resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis by snake venom phosphodiesterase. These compounds form stable duplexes with complementary natural phosphodiester DNA and RNA strands, as well as with 2'-deoxy N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates. The increase in melting temperature, Delta T m, was 5-14 degrees C relative to the 2'-deoxy phosphoramidates for decanucleotides. Also, the thermal stability of the ribophosphoramidatehomoduplex was noticeably higher (Delta T m +9.5 degrees C) than that for the isosequential 2'-deoxy phosphoramidate complex. Furthermore, the oligopyrimidine ribo N3'-->P5' phosphoramidate formed an extremely stable triplex with an oligopurine/oligopyrimidine DNA duplex with Delta T m +14.3 degrees C relative to the 2'-deoxy N3'-->P5' phosphoramidate counterpart. The properties of the oligoribonucleotide N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates indicate that these compounds can be used as hydrolytically stable structural and functional RNA mimetics.
Antitumor and antiproliferative effects of a fucan extracted from ascophyllum nodosum against a non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma line. (1996)

Fucans, sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds, have been shown to be endowed with inhibitory effects cell growth in various experimental models. We studied both the antiproliferative and antitumor properties of a fucoidan extract (HF) obtained from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on a cell line derived from a non-small-cell human bronchopulmonary carcinoma (NSCLC-N6), this type of carcinoma is particularly chemo-resistant. HF exerts in vitro a reversible antiproliferative activity with a block observed in the G1 phase the cell cycle. Studies performed with the NSCLC-bearing nude mice show antitumor activity at subtoxic doses. These preliminary results indicate that HF exhibits inhibitory effect both in vitro and in vivo and is very potent antitumor agent in cancer therapy.
Gaussian quantum information (2012)

The science of quantum information has arisen over the last two decades centered on the manipulation of individual quanta of information, known as quantum bits or qubits. Quantum computers, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation are among the most celebrated ideas that have emerged from this new field. It was realized later on that using continuous-variable quantum information carriers, instead of qubits, constitutes an extremely powerful alternative approach to quantum information processing. This review focuses on continuous-variable quantum information processes that rely on any combination of Gaussian states, Gaussian operations, and Gaussian measurements. Interestingly, such a restriction to the Gaussian realm comes with various benefits, since on the theoretical side, simple analytical tools are available and, on the experimental side, optical components effecting Gaussian processes are readily available in the laboratory. Yet, Gaussian quantum information processing opens the way to a wide variety of tasks and applications, including quantum communication, quantum cryptography, quantum computation, quantum teleportation, and quantum state and channel discrimination. This review reports on the state of the art in this field, ranging from the basic theoretical tools and landmark experimental realizations to the most recent successful developments.
Optimizing radiation therapy of brain tumours by combination of 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine & 2-deoxy-D-glucose. (1999)

The effects of 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on 60Co-gamma ray induced damage were studied in a human glioma cell line grown as monolayer. Radiation induced micronuclei formation was used as an index of cytogenetic damage. Exponentially growing cells (doubling time 16-20 h) were incubated in the presence of BrdU (0.8 microM, in dark) for 24 h. After removing BrdU, cells were irradiated (1-4 Gy), incubated with or without 2-DG (2-3 h), and grown further (for 18, 24, 30 or 45 h) for assay of damage. It was observed that (i) BrdU and 2-DG treatments did not induce micronuclei formation in unirradiated cultures; (ii) pre-irradiation presence of BrdU increased the gamma-ray induced micronuclei formation; (iii) incubation of irradiated cells under sub-optimal growth conditions [Dulbecco's modified minimal essential medium (DMEM) + 1% serum, or DMEM alone] instead of growth medium (DMEM + 5% serum) progressively decreased micronuclei formation; and (iv) post-irradiation presence of 2-DG (1.25, 2.5, 5 mM, 2-3 h in DMEM + 1% serum) enhanced the radiation damage with and without BrdU treatment at all the time points studied. These observations suggest that (i) radiation induced lesions leading to micronuclei formation in proliferating cells are, at least, partly repairable; (ii) the presence of 2-DG (2DG/glucose > or = 0.25) for short intervals (approximately 2 h), could enhance radiation damage in proliferating brain tumour cells, in the absence as well as presence of BrdU incorporation; and (iii) the combination of 2-DG could reduce BrdU doses required for radiosensitization of brain tumours, reducing, thereby, its toxic side effects.
A Second Coreceptor for HIV in Early Stages of Infection (1996)

Two papers published in this week's issue of Nature and a third that will appear in the 28 June issue of Science (with independent results from at least one other team reportedly about to be published) report the identification of an essential “coreceptor” for the HIV strains involved in the critical early stages of infection. All have fingered a cell membrane-bound protein called CC-CKR-5 as the elusive partner of HIV's primary receptor, CD4, in allowing these strains to enter their target cells. Last month, another coreceptor, called “fusin,” was reported in Science (10 May, p. 809). The discovery of these two coreceptors--and perhaps others yet to be identified--suggests that HIV may use different molecules to enter the cell at different stages of the disease.