gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Use of Gene-Expression Profiling to Identify Candidate Genes in Human Sepsis (2007)

The signature genes reflect suppression of neutrophils' immune and inflammatory function by sepsis. Gene-expression profiling therefore provides a novel approach to advance our understanding of the host response in sepsis.
Local-oscillator excess-noise suppression for homodyne and heterodyne detection (1983)

Semiclassical calculations of the signal-to-noise density ratio for a homodyne/heterodyne receiver utilizing two detectors are made. These calculations show that excess intensity noise in the local oscillator can be canceled and need not degrade the performance of the receiver. An experimental demonstration of excess-noise cancellation is reported.
BINAP: an efficient chiral element for asymmetric catalysis (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleBINAP: an efficient chiral element for asymmetric catalysisRyoji Noyori and Hidemasa TakayaCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1990, 23, 10, 345–350Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00178a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00178a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7969Altmetric-Citations1145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A double-talk detector based on coherence (1996)

We address the problem of detecting double-talk in a full duplex transmission line. A new double-talk detector (DTD) based on measuring the similarity between the far- and near-end speech signals is proposed. The detector is block oriented and operates in the frequency domain where the similarity between the signals is measured by means of the coherence function. The coherence is estimated with a short sequence of data by exploiting the multiple window spectrum estimation technique. Theoretical evaluation and examples of its performance are presented. The proposed DTD operates accurately in a wide range of situations, i.e., a difference in speech levels and hybrid attenuations ranging from 0 to 20 dB.
Interferon-γ-dependent Nuclear Import of Stat1 Is Mediated by the GTPase Activity of Ran/TC4 (1996)

In response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), Stat1 enters the nucleus, where it activates transcription. In order to better understand the mechanism of the extracellular signal-induced protein import into the nucleus, we have established an in vivo assay system that uses recombinant Stat1 protein as a model transport substrate. Using this system, we found that Stat1 is actively transported through the nuclear pores in an IFN-gamma-dependent manner and tyrosine (Tyr701) phosphorylation of Stat1 is actually required for its nuclear import. When the antibody against Ran, which was identified as an essential factor for active nuclear protein transport, was injected, the IFN-gamma-dependent nuclear transport of Stat1 was completely inhibited. Furthermore, nuclear import of Stat1 was suppressed by microinjection of two mutant Ran proteins, one defective in GTP hydrolysis (G19V) and the other with little or no binding to GTP (T24N), both of which are known to act as dominant negative inhibitors of nuclear import. These results indicate that the conditional nuclear import of Stat1 requires GTP hydrolysis by Ran.
Systematic Localization of Common Disease-Associated Variation in Regulatory DNA (2012)

Genome-wide association studies have identified many noncoding variants associated with common diseases and traits. We show that these variants are concentrated in regulatory DNA marked by deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) hypersensitive sites (DHSs). Eighty-eight percent of such DHSs are active during fetal development and are enriched in variants associated with gestational exposure-related phenotypes. We identified distant gene targets for hundreds of variant-containing DHSs that may explain phenotype associations. Disease-associated variants systematically perturb transcription factor recognition sequences, frequently alter allelic chromatin states, and form regulatory networks. We also demonstrated tissue-selective enrichment of more weakly disease-associated variants within DHSs and the de novo identification of pathogenic cell types for Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, and an electrocardiogram trait, without prior knowledge of physiological mechanisms. Our results suggest pervasive involvement of regulatory DNA variation in common human disease and provide pathogenic insights into diverse disorders.
Efficacy and tolerance of the cream containing structured physiological lipids with endocannabinoids in the treatment of uremic pruritus: a preliminary study. (2005)

Uremic pruritus is still a common phenomenon in patients with end-stage renal failure, however, there is no effective treatment of choice for this condition. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of the cream with structured physiological lipids (DMS, Derma Membrane Structure) and endogenous cannabinoids in controlling pruritus in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Twenty-one subjects with uremic pruritus completed the trial. All patients applied the tested cream twice daily for a period of three weeks. Pruritus was evaluated using two pruritus scoring methods: standard visual analog scale (VAS) and a questionnaire method. Moreover, all patients had dry skin scored according to the 5-point scale. Global pruritus and xerosis were examined before the trial, on study visits at weekly intervals, and on follow-up visit performed two weeks of study discontinuation. After 3-week therapy pruritus was completely eliminated in 8 (38.1%) patients. Pruritus evaluation by both scales revealed significant reduction of pruritus scores (p<0.0001) during the tested product application. At the beginning of the trial there was no significant correlation between the intensity of dry skin and severity of pruritus. The 3-week treatment period resulted in complete reduction of xerosis in 17 (81%) patients, while xerosis scores were significantly reduced (p=0.0001) throughout the study period. The test product was very well tolerated by all patients. The test product appeared to be effective in reducing both pruritus and xerosis in hemodialysis patients. It is very probable that the observed decrease of pruritus with the test product therapy was not only the result of dry skin improvement but that the addition of endocannabinoids may have also played a role. These preliminary results are encouraging, however, additional controlled studies are needed to clarify the exact usefulness of this product in therapy of uremic pruritus.
Development, functional characterization and validation of methodology for GMP-compliant manufacture of phagocytic macrophages: A novel cellular therapeutic for liver cirrhosis (2017)

This is the first report of validation of a large-scale, fully Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant, autologous macrophage cell therapy product for the potential treatment of cirrhosis. Phenotypic and functional assays confirm that these cells remain functionally viable for up to 48 h, allowing significant flexibility in administration to patients.
Regulatory and pro-inflammatory phenotypes of myelin basic protein-autoreactive T cells in multiple sclerosis (2009)

MBP-specific autoreactive T cells are considered pro-inflammatory T cells and thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we report that MBP(83-99)-specific T cells generated from MS patients (n = 7) were comprised of pro-inflammatory and regulatory subsets of distinct phenotypes. The pro-inflammatory phenotype was characterized by high production of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-21 and IL-17 and low expression of FOXP3, whereas the regulatory subset expressed high levels of FOXP3 and exhibited potent regulatory functions. The regulatory subset of MBP-specific T cells appeared to expand from the CD4(+)CD25(-) T-cell pool. Their FOXP3 expression was stable, independent of the activation state and it correlated with suppressive function and inversely with the production of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-21 and IL-17. In contrast, the phenotype and function of FOXP3(low) MBP-specific T cells were adaptive and dependent on IL-6. The higher frequency of FOXP3(high) MBP-specific T cells was observed when IL-6 was neutralized in the culture of PBMC with MBP. The study provides new evidence that MBP-specific T cells are susceptible to pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu and act as either pro-inflammatory or regulatory T cells.
Conformational Change in the Pheromone-binding Protein fromBombyx mori Induced by pH and by Interaction with Membranes (1999)

The pheromone-binding protein (PBP) from Bombyx mori was expressed in Escherichia coli periplasm. It specifically bound radiolabeled bombykol, the natural pheromone for this species. It appeared as a single band both in native and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was also homogeneous in most chromatographic systems. However, in ion-exchange chromatography, multiple forms sometimes appeared. Attempts to separate them revealed that they could be converted into one another. Analysis of the protein by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that its tertiary structure was sensitive to pH changes and that a dramatic conformational transition occurred between pH 6.0 and 5.0. This high sensitivity to pH contrasted markedly with its thermal stability and resistance to denaturation by urea. There was also no significant change in CD spectra in the presence of the pheromone. The native protein isolated from male antennae displayed the same changes in its spectroscopic properties as the recombinant material, demonstrating that this phenomenon is not an artifact arising from the expression system. This conformational transition was reproduced by interaction of the protein with anionic (but not neutral) phospholipid vesicles. Unfolding of the PBP structure triggered by membranes suggests a plausible mechanism for ligand release upon interaction of the PBP-pheromone complex with the surface of olfactory neurons. This pH-linked structural flexibility also explains the heterogeneity reported previously for B. mori PBP and other members of this class of proteins.
Pure-boron chemical-vapor-deposited layers: A new material for silicon device processing (2010)

This paper places focus on the special properties of pure boron chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) thin-film layers that, in several device applications, have recently been shown to augment the potentials of silicon device integration. Besides forming a reliable an efficient dopant source for both ultrashallow and deep p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> n junctions, the deposited amorphous boron (α-B) layer itself, even for sub-nm thicknesses, is instrumental in suppressing minority electron injection from the n-region into the p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> contact. Therefore, even for nm-shallow junctions where the current levels mainly will approach high Schottky-like values, the diodes exhibit saturation current levels that can become as low as that of conventional deep junctions. Moreover, the α-B layer has chemical etch properties that make it particularly suitable for integration as the front-entrance window in photodiodes for detecting nm-low-penetration-depth radiation and charged particles.
Repair of Full Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears Gender, Age, and Other Factors Affecting Outcome (1999)

Seventy-two full thickness rotator cuff tears (72 patients) were treated with an open rotator cuff repair between 1986 and 1993. The average postoperative followup was 54 months (range, 24-102 months; standard deviation, 22 months). Fifty-three (74%) patients had no pain, 16 (22%) patients had slight pain without restriction of activities, and three (4%) patients had moderate pain with activity compromise. Women with an associated biceps tendon rupture tended to have worse results. Women had a negative, statistically significant relationship between age and shoulder scoring scales, but age at the time of surgery was not related to any outcome variables for men. A rotator cuff tear greater than or equal to 5 cm2 as determined at the time of surgery was associated with a poorer outcome. The average University of California at Los Angeles score was 32 points (range, 7-35 points; standard deviation, 5 points). The average Constant-Murley score was 78 of 100 points (range, 12-95 points; standard deviation, 15 points). A yes response was given for an average of 10 of 12 questions on the Simple Shoulder Test (range, 0-12 questions; standard deviation, 3 questions). More than 4 years after open rotator cuff repair, patients had a 94% patient satisfaction rate with lasting relief of pain and improved function.
Guidelines for the Management of Cognitive and Behavioral Problems in Dementia (2012)

Family physicians play a crucial role in the management and ongoing care of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). This article reviews the effects of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions on the functional abilities and behavior of patients with dementia and how these can be implemented into clinical practice. Nonpharmacologic interventions are recommended as the initial strategy for managing problematic behaviors. Strategies for improving behavior include ensuring that the patient's environment is safe, calm, and predictable; removing environmental stressors; and identifying and avoiding situations that agitate or frighten the patient. Simple interventions include redirecting and refocusing the patient, increasing social interaction, establishing regular sleep habits, eliminating sources of conflict and frustration, and establishing rewards for successes. The effectiveness of long-term behavioral management is largely dependent on the caregiver; as such, it is important to assess the role and needs of the caregiver. Because currently available therapies cannot reverse the pathologic processes of AD, the primary objective of pharmacotherapy is to preserve cognitive and functional ability, minimize behavioral disturbances, and slow disease progression. Cholinesterase inhibitors represent first-line therapy for patients with mild to moderate AD, whereas a glutamate N-methyl D-aspartate antagonist is used in the treatment of moderate to severe AD. Looking forward, there are a number of therapies in development aimed at modifying the disease course; these include amyloid-lowering drugs, τ-based and neuroprotective approaches, acetylcholine agonists, and mitochondrial inhibitors.
Interplay between MRP Inhibition and Metabolism of MRP Inhibitors:  The Case of Curcumin (2003)

The multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP2 are efflux transporters with broad substrate specificity, including glutathione, glucuronide, and sulfate conjugates. In the present study, the interaction of the dietary polyphenol curcumin with MRP1 and MRP2 and the interplay between curcumin-dependent MRP inhibition and its glutathione-dependent metabolism were investigated using two transport model systems. In isolated membrane vesicles of MRP1- and MRP2-expressing Sf9 cells, curcumin clearly inhibited both MRP1- and MRP2-mediated transport with IC(50) values of 15 and 5 microM, respectively. In intact monolayers of MRP1 overexpressing Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCKII-MRP1) cells, curcumin also inhibited MRP1-mediated activity, although with a 3-fold higher IC(50) value than the one observed in the vesicle model. Interestingly, MRP2-mediated activity was hardly inhibited in intact monolayers of MRP2-overexpressing MDCKII (MDCKII-MRP2) cells upon exposure to curcumin, whereas the IC(50) value in the vesicle incubations was 5 microM. The difference in extent of inhibition of the MRPs by curcumin in isolated vesicles as compared to intact cells, observed especially for MRP2, was shown to be due to a swift metabolism of curcumin to two glutathione conjugates in the MDCKII cells. Formation of both glutathione conjugates was about six times higher in the MDCKII-MRP2 cells as compared with the MDCKII-MRP1 cells, a phenomenon that could be ascribed to the significantly lower glutathione levels in the cell line. The efflux of both conjugates, identified in the present study as monoglutathionyl curcumin conjugates, was demonstrated to be mediated by both MRP1 and MRP2. From dose-response curves with Sf9 membrane vesicles, glutathionylcurcumin conjugates appeared to be less potent inhibitors of MRP1 and MRP2 than their parent compound curcumin. In conclusion, curcumin clearly inhibits both MRP1- and MRP2-mediated transport, but the glutathione-dependent metabolism of curcumin plays a crucial role in the ultimate level of inhibition of MRP-mediated transport that can be achieved in a cellular system. This complex interplay between MRP inhibition and metabolism of MRP inhibitors, the latter affecting the ultimate potential of a compound for cellular MRP inhibition, may exist not only for a compound like curcumin but also for many other MRP inhibitors presently or previously developed on the basis of vesicle studies.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Copper Seed Layers (1999)

Deposition of thin and conformal copper films has been examined using atomic layer deposition as possible seed layers for subsequent electrodeposition. For this investigation, the copper films were deposited on glass plates as well as on , , and films on silicon wafers. Typical resistivities of these films ranged from for thick copper films to for thick films. The adhesion of the copper films deposited on and at was excellent. These films were highly conformal over high aspect ratio trenches. ©2000 The Electrochemical Society
Pyruvate Metabolism inSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)

In yeasts, pyruvate is located at a major junction of assimilatory and dissimilatory reactions as well as at the branch-point between respiratory dissimilation of sugars and alcoholic fermentation. This review deals with the enzymology, physiological function and regulation of three key reactions occurring at the pyruvate branch-point in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: (i) the direct oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, catalysed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, (ii) decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde, catalysed by pyruvate decarboxylase, and (iii) the anaplerotic carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, catalysed by pyruvate carboxylase. Special attention is devoted to physiological studies on S. cerevisiae strains in which structural genes encoding these key enzymes have been inactivated by gene disruption.
Phase I Active Immunotherapy With Combination of Two Chimeric, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2, B-Cell Epitopes Fused to a Promiscuous T-Cell Epitope in Patients With Metastatic and/or Recurrent Solid Tumors (2009)

PURPOSE To evaluate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety profile, and immunogenicity of two chimeric, B-cell epitopes derived from the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) extracellular domain in a combination vaccine with a promiscuous T-cell epitope (ie, MVF) and nor-muramyl-dipeptide as adjuvant emulsified in SEPPIC ISA 720. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with metastatic and/or recurrent solid tumors received three inoculations on days 1, 22, and 43 at doses of total peptide that ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 mg. Immunogenicity was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and HER2 signaling assays. Results Twenty-four patients received three inoculations at the intended dose levels, which elicited antibodies able to recognize native HER2 receptor and inhibited both the proliferation of HER2-expressing cell lines and phosphorylation of the HER2 protein. The MTD was determined to be the highest dose level of 3.0 mg of the combination vaccine. There was a significant increase from dose level 1 (0.5 mg) to dose level 4 (3.0 mg) in HER2-specific antibodies. Four patients (one each with adrenal, colon, ovarian, and squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary) were judged to have stable disease; two patients (one each with endometrial and ovarian cancer) had partial responses; and 11 patients had progressive disease. Patients with stable disease received 6-month boosts, and one patient received a 20-month boost. CONCLUSION The combination vaccines were safe and effective in eliciting antibody responses in a subset of patients (62.5%) and were associated with no serious adverse events, autoimmune disease, or cardiotoxicity. There was preliminary evidence of clinical activity in several patients.
Electronic authentication guideline (2011)

NIST has released Special Publication 800-63-2, Electronic Authentication Guideline. This recommendation provides technical guidelines for Federal agencies implementing electronic authentication and is not intended to constrain the development or use of standards outside of this purpose. The recommendation covers remote authentication of users (such as
A commensal symbiotic factor derived from Bacteroides fragilis promotes human CD39 + Foxp3 + T cells and T reg function (2015)

Polysaccharide A (PSA) derived from the human commensal Bacteroides fragilis is a symbiosis factor that stimulates immunologic development within mammalian hosts. PSA rebalances skewed systemic T helper responses and promotes T regulatory cells (Tregs). However, PSA-mediated induction of Foxp3 in humans has not been reported. In mice, PSA-generated Foxp3(+) Tregs dampen Th17 activity thereby facilitating bacterial intestinal colonization while the increased presence and function of these regulatory cells may guard against pathological organ-specific inflammation in hosts. We herein demonstrate that PSA induces expression of Foxp3 along with CD39 among naïve CD4 T cells in vitro while promoting IL-10 secretion. PSA-activated dendritic cells are essential for the mediation of this regulatory response. When cultured with isolated Foxp3(+) Tregs, PSA enriched Foxp3 expression, enhanced the frequency of CD39(+)HLA-DR(+) cells, and increased suppressive function as measured by decreased TNFα expression by LPS-stimulated monocytes. Our findings are the first to demonstrate in vitro induction of human CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and enhanced suppressive function of circulating Foxp3(+) Tregs by a human commensal bacterial symbiotic factor. Use of PSA for the treatment of human autoimmune diseases, in particular multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, may represent a new paradigm in the approach to treating autoimmune disease.