gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DEMENTIA, PARKINSONISM AND OTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: A REVIEW (1981)

Journal Article AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DEMENTIA, PARKINSONISM AND OTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: A REVIEW Get access ARTHUR J. HUDSON ARTHUR J. HUDSON Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario and the University Hospital339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario N6A 5A5, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 104, Issue 2, June 1981, Pages 217–247, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/104.2.217 Published: 01 June 1981 Article history Received: 17 September 1980 Published: 01 June 1981
An Overview of Image-Guided Percutaneous Ablation of Renal Tumors (2010)

Although nephron-sparing surgery remains the gold standard treatment for small renal tumors, minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous ablation is becoming a viable alternative to operative resection. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation show high technical success rates, a relatively low incidence of residual or recurrent tumor, and competitive rates of patient survival. In this review, an overview of the current status of image-guided percutaneous ablation of renal tumors is presented, with a focus on procedure indications and patient selection, technical aspects of ablation procedures, and treatment outcomes and patient follow-up.
Terahertz dielectric properties of polystyrene foam (2002)

We have performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements on three types of polystyrene foam. We find that between 0.2 and 4 THz, the extinction of this material is low and that it has a remarkably low refractive index of 1.017 to 1.022 in this range, with little variation as a function of frequency. In foam produced with HCFC 142b gas (1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane) as the blowing agent, we find an additional absorption band at 0.5 THz caused by rotational transitions in this gas. The low extinction and refractive index make polystyrene foam a very suitable material to be used as a dichroic filter that blocks the near-IR and transmits THz radiation with small losses of less than 1.5 cm-1 for frequencies of &lt;4 THz, and as a substrate for THz imaging.
Transcriptional Analysis of Quiescent and Proliferating CD34+ Human Hemopoietic Cells from Normal and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Sources (2007)

Quiescent and dividing hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) display marked differences in their ability to move between the peripheral circulation and the bone marrow. Specifically, long-term engraftment potential predominantly resides in the quiescent HSC subfraction, and G-CSF mobilization results in the preferential accumulation of quiescent HSC in the periphery. In contrast, stem cells from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients display a constitutive presence in the circulation. To understand the molecular basis for this, we have used microarray technology to analyze the transcriptional differences between dividing and quiescent, normal, and CML-derived CD34+ cells. Our data show a remarkable transcriptional similarity between normal and CML dividing cells, suggesting that the effects of BCR-ABL on the CD34+ cell transcriptome are more limited than previously thought. In addition, we show that quiescent CML cells are more similar to their dividing counterparts than quiescent normal cells are to theirs. We also show these transcriptional differences to be reflected in the altered proliferative activity of normal and CML CD34+ cells. Of the most interest is that the major class of genes that is more abundant in the quiescent cells compared with the dividing cells encodes members of the chemokine family. We propose a role for chemokines expressed by quiescent HSC in the orchestration of CD34+ cell mobilization. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Cystic fibrosis: molecular biology and therapeutic implications (1992)

Cystic fibrosis is the most common potentially lethal autosomal recessive disease of Caucasians, affecting 1 in 2500 newborns. Since the recent identification of the gene that is defective in patients with cystic fibrosis, a wealth of information about gene structure, the mutational basis of disease, and the function of the protein product has been derived. The product of the gene is a chloride channel that is regulated by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation and that requires binding of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for channel opening. Several new approaches to drug therapy for cystic fibrosis are now emerging, and the possibility of successful gene therapy by transfer of the normal gene to airway epithelial cells is being vigorously pursued.
Competence of cranial ectoderm to respond to Fgf signaling suggests a two-step model of otic placode induction (2006)

Vertebrate craniofacial sensory organs derive from ectodermal placodes early in development. It has been suggested that all craniofacial placodes arise from a common ectodermal domain adjacent to the anterior neural plate, and a number of genes have been recently identified that mark such a 'pre-placodal' domain. However, the functional significance of this pre-placodal domain is still unclear. In the present study, we show that Fgf signaling is necessary and sufficient to directly induce some, but not all, markers of the otic placode in ectoderm taken from the pre-placodal domain. By contrast, ectoderm from outside this domain is not competent to express otic markers in response to Fgfs. Grafting naïve ectoderm into the pre-placodal domain causes upregulation of pre-placodal markers within 8 hours, together with the acquisition of competence to respond to Fgf signaling. This suggests a two-step model of craniofacial placode induction in which ectoderm first acquires pre-placodal region identity, and subsequently differentiates into particular craniofacial placodes under the influence of local inducing signals.
Towards Open-World Person Re-Identification by One-Shot Group-Based Verification (2015)

Solving the problem of matching people across non-overlapping multi-camera views, known as person re-identification (re-id), has received increasing interests in computer vision. In a real-world application scenario, a watch-list (gallery set) of a handful of known target people are provided with very few (in many cases only a single) image(s) (shots) per target. Existing re-id methods are largely unsuitable to address this open-world re-id challenge because they are designed for (1) a closed-world scenario where the gallery and probe sets are assumed to contain exactly the same people, (2) person-wise identification whereby the model attempts to verify exhaustively against each individual in the gallery set, and (3) learning a matching model using multi-shots. In this paper, a novel transfer local relative distance comparison (t-LRDC) model is formulated to address the open-world person re-identification problem by one-shot group-based verification. The model is designed to mine and transfer useful information from a labelled open-world non-target dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms both non-transfer learning and existing transfer learning based re-id methods.
Regulation of gene expression in plasmid ColE1: delayed expression of the kil gene (1988)

cea, imm, and kil are a cluster of three functionally related genes of the plasmid ColE1. The cea and kil genes are in the same inducible operon, with transcription being initiated from a promoter adjacent to the cea gene. The imm gene is located between the cea and kil genes, but it is transcribed in the opposite direction. Complementary interaction between the imm mRNA and the anti-imm sequences in the middle of the cea-kil transcript causes a pronounced delay in expression of the kil gene when the cea-kil operon is induced. A segment in the overlapping region between the cea and imm genes causes delayed expression of the kil gene in the absence of imm gene transcription. This delay effect increases the yields of colicin synthesized in induced cells.
Characterization of simian cells tranformed by temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40 (1976)

Seven lines derived from primary African green monkey kidney cells, which had survived lytic infection by wild-type simian virus 40 (SV40) or temperature-sensitive mutants belonging to the A and B complementation groups, were established. These cultures synthesize SV40 tumor (T) antigen constitutively and have been passaged more than 60 times in vitro. The cells released small amounts of virus even at high passage levels but eventually became negative for the spontaneous release of virus. Virus rescued from such "nonproducer" cells by the transfection technique exhibited the growth properties of the original inoculum virus. Four of the cell lines were tested for the presence of altered growth patterns commonly associated with SV40-induced transformation. Although each of the cell lines was greater than 99% positive for T antigen, none of the cultures could be distinguished from primary or stable lines of normal simian cells on the basis of morphology, saturation density in high or low serum concentrations, colony formation on plastic or in soft agar, hexose transport, or concanavalin A agglutinability. However, the cells could be distinguished from the parental green monkey kidney cells by a prolonged life span, the presence of T antigen, a resistance to the replication of superinfecting SV40 virus or SV40 viral DNA, and, with three of the four lines, an ability to complement the growth of human adenovirus type 7. These properties were expressed independent of the temperature of incubation. These results indicate that the presence of an immunologically reactive SV40 T antigen is not sufficient to ensure induction of phenotypic transformation and suggest that a specific interaction between viral and cellular genes and/or gene products may be a necessary requirement.
Perceptual linear predictive (PLP) analysis of speech (1990)

A new technique for the analysis of speech, the perceptual linear predictive (PLP) technique, is presented and examined. This technique uses three concepts from the psychophysics of hearing to derive an estimate of the auditory spectrum: (1) the critical-band spectral resolution, (2) the equal-loudness curve, and (3) the intensity-loudness power law. The auditory spectrum is then approximated by an autoregressive all-pole model. A 5th-order all-pole model is effective in suppressing speaker-dependent details of the auditory spectrum. In comparison with conventional linear predictive (LP) analysis, PLP analysis is more consistent with human hearing. The effective second formant F2' and the 3.5-Bark spectral-peak integration theories of vowel perception are well accounted for. PLP analysis is computationally efficient and yields a low-dimensional representation of speech. These properties are found to be useful in speaker-independent automatic-speech recognition.
Effects of dietary inclusion of xylooligo‐ saccharides, arabinoxylooligosaccha‐ rides and soluble arabinoxylan on the microbial composition of caecal contents of chickens (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Arabinoxylan (AX)‐derived preparations have raised particular interest by the suggestion that they exert prebiotic properties. Therefore an in vivo experiment was conducted to study the effects of xylooligosaccharides (XOS), arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) and soluble AX (S‐AX) on several groups of gut bacteria of chickens. Chickens were fed a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 2.5 g kg −1 of XOS (average degree of polymerisation (avDP) of 3, average degree of arabinose substitution (avDS) of 0.09), wheat bran‐derived AXOS (avDP 9, avDS 0.34) or wheat endosperm alkali‐solubilised AX (S‐AX, avDP &gt; 6000, avDS 0.5). RESULTS: All treatment groups showed an increase in the number of caecal bifidobacteria after 2 weeks of feeding ( P &lt; 0.05), while the treatments did not impact numbers of Enterobacteriaceae and aerobic lactobacilli in the caeca relative to the control. XOS led to a tremendous increase in caecal bifidobacteria counts (10 8 g −1 for the XOS treatment versus 10 3 g −1 for the control treatment) after only 1 week of supplementation, while AXOS and S‐AX led to similar strong increases in bifidobacteria counts after 2 weeks of supplementation. Addition of S‐AX to the diet, but not of AXOS or XOS, led to a significantly decreased ( P &lt; 0.05) body weight gain after 2 weeks of feeding relative to animals on the control diet, consistent with its known viscosity‐related antinutritive effects in chickens. CONCLUSION: Similar to XOS, AXOS selectively stimulate the presence of bifidobacteria in the caeca of chickens, establishing their bifidogenic effect as a first indicator for prebiotic potential. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
"Who Can Rule and Dare Not Lie": Tennyson's Bicameral King (1984)

Tennyson's poetry is pervaded by the kinds of auditory hallucinations that Julian Jaynes describes in The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. Tennyson begins in a late stage of Jaynes's history, with the voices of demons, and moves backward to Jaynes's point of origin, the admonitory voice of the tribal king .
Synthetic Methods and Reactions; Part 109. Improved Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones fromN,N-Dimethylamides and Grignard Reagents (1984)

Etude de la formylation et acylation de bromures d'alkyl-magnesium et d'alkyl-lithium par reaction avec les dimethylamides des acides formique, acetique et benzoique
Analysis of heat flow in layered structures for time-domain thermoreflectance (2004)

The iterative algorithm of Feldman for heat flow in layered structures is solved in cylindrical coordinates for surface heating and temperature measurement by Gaussian-shaped laser beams. This solution for the frequency-domain temperature response is then used to model the lock-in amplifier signals acquired in time-domain thermoreflectance measurements of thermal properties.
Electrokinetically-Driven Transport of DNA through Focused Ion Beam Milled Nanofluidic Channels (2012)

The electrophoretically driven transport of double-stranded λ-phage DNA through focused ion beam (FIB) milled nanochannels is described. Nanochannels were fabricated having critical dimensions (width and depth) corresponding to 0.5×, 1×, and 2× the DNA persistence length, or 25 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm, respectively. The threshold field strength required to drive transport, the threading mobility, and the transport mobility were measured as a function of nanochannel size. As the nanochannel dimensions decreased, the entropic barrier to translocation increased and transport became more constrained. Equilibrium models of confinement provide a framework in which to understand the observed trends, although the dynamic nature of the experiments resulted in significant deviations from theory. It was also demonstrated that the use of dynamic wall coatings for the purpose of electroosmotic flow suppression can have a significant impact on transport dynamics that may obfuscate entropic contributions. The nonintermittent DNA transport through the FIB milled nanochannels demonstrates that they are well suited for use in nanofluidic devices. We expect that an understanding of the dynamic transport properties reported here will facilitate the incorporation of FIB-milled nanochannels in devices for single molecule and ensemble analyses.
Cytokine gene-engineered vaccines. (1999)

Cytokines modulate immune reactivity and have therefore been used to build cancer vaccines. Experimental vaccination of rodents and humans with cytokine-gene engineered tumor cells, fusion proteins between cytokines and tumor antigens, and their DNA have been shown to induce a significant immune memory, even against poorly immunogenic tumors. This immune memory can prevent tumor growth and cure initial metastases, but is poorly effective against established tumors. To date clinical trials have been confined to patients with advanced tumors; so far they suggest that this approach is safe.
Resonance in C60 buckminsterfullerene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResonance in C60 buckminsterfullereneDouglas J. Klein, T. G. Schmalz, G. E. Hite, and W. A. SeitzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6, 1301–1302Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00266a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00266a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations190LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Principles of Molecular Medicine (2006)

The concept of molecular medicine dates back to Linus means that there are many new opportunities and challenges Pauling, who in the late 1940s and early 1950s generalized for clinical medicine. One o
Dynamic Chirality in Donor−Acceptor Pretzelanes (2005)

[Figure: see text]. A series of donor-acceptor pretzelanes has been synthesized, using self-assembly and template-directed protocols, and the dynamic processes that these pretzelanes undergo have been investigated in solution. These compounds exist as libraries of diastereoisomers as a result of their multiple stereoelements, which are dynamically interconverted by several different, in some cases competing, processes. Altering the structure of the pretzelanes changes the rates and mechanisms by which these diastereoisomers equilibrate. Additionally, inserting an element of fixed chirality allows the equilibrium to be biased, while maintaining the barrier to the equilibration processes. These results bode well for the future construction of molecular devices based on switchable diastereoisomerism involving metastable states.
Requirement for CD40-CD40 Ligand Interaction for Elimination ofCryptosporidium parvumfrom Mice (1998)

Mice with disrupted genes for CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) are unable to clear infection with Cryptosporidium parvum and develop cholangitis. Parasites are present in the gut, gall bladder, and biliary tree, and biliary epithelial cells express CD40 on the cell surface. SCID mice infected with C. parvum for >1 month can clear the infection after reconstitution with spleen cells from CD40, but not CD40L, knockout mice. In an in vitro model, C. parvum-infected HepG2 cells were triggered to apoptosis when incubated with a CD40L-CD8 fusion protein. The requirement for CD40-CD40L interactions for immunity to C. parvum indicated by our results may entail the triggering of apoptosis in infected cells, in addition to the known role of CD40L-CD40 interactions in stimulating cytokine production and promoting T-cell responses.
Improvements to the MC-EZBC scalable video coder (2004)

MC-EZBC is a fully scalable video coder using a motion-compensated 3-D subband/wavelet decomposition. Temporal filtering is performed along estimated motion trajectories to remove temporal redundancy. To get greatly increased motion compensation (MC) accuracy and increased coding efficiency, we use the lifting filter implementation. Additionally, we introduce unconnected blocks and spatial lowpass transition filtering (SLTF). This results in improved lower frame rate data for the scalable MC-EZBC coder. Finally, an optimized quantization strategy is introduced to compensate for variations in synthesis filtering for connected and unconnected pixels.
Dried Blood Spots as A Sampling Technique for The Quantitative Determination of Guanfacine in Clinical Studies (2011)

From a bioanalytical perspective, DBS sample collection and analysis is a potentially viable alternative for guanfacine determination in clinical studies, utilizing approximately 100 µl of blood per subject profile compared with a few millilitres of blood drawn for conventional plasma bioanalysis.
A ribosomal DNA fragment of Listeria monocytogenes and its use as a genus-specific probe in an aqueous-phase hybridization assay (1993)

cDNAs were prepared from the total RNA of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19118 and used as probes to screen a genomic library of the same strain. Four clones were identified which contained ribosomal DNA fragments. Recombinant DNA from one of them was fractionated and differentially hybridized with the cDNA probes to RNA of L. monocytogenes and Kurthia zopfii. The resulting hybridization pattern revealed an HpaII fragment of 0.8 kb that was specific for the L. monocytogenes strain. The nucleotide sequence of this fragment showed 159 bases of the 3' end of the 16S rRNA gene, 243 bases of the spacer region, and 382 bases of the 5' end of the 23S rRNA gene. In dot blot hybridization assays, the 32P-labeled 784-bp fragment was specific only for Listeria species. Dot blot assays revealed that the 32P-labeled fragment can easily detect > or = 10 pg of total nucleic acids from pure cultures of L. monocytogenes, which corresponds to approximately 300 bacteria. This fragment was also used as a probe in an assay named the heteroduplex nucleic acid (HNA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In this system, the biotinylated DNA probe is hybridized in the aqueous phase with target RNA molecules and then specific HNAs are captured by HNA-specific antibodies. Captured HNA molecules are revealed with an enzyme conjugate of streptavidin. In a preliminary HNA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the 784-bp fragment maintained its specificity for Listeria spp. and could detect 5 x 10(2) cells in artificially contaminated meat homogenate.
The BAL-binding Protein BBAP and Related Deltex Family Members Exhibit Ubiquitin-Protein Isopeptide Ligase Activity (2003)

Members of the DTX (Deltex) family act as Notch signaling modifiers and may also regulate transcription through interactions with specific transcription factors. DTX proteins have a basic N terminus; a central proline-rich region; and a C-terminal RING finger domain, a motif often found in ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligases (E3). Recently, we identified and characterized a unique diffuse large B-cell lymphoma risk-related gene named BAL (B aggressive lymphoma). Using a yeast two-hybrid screen for BAL-binding partners, we have now identified a novel protein termed BBAP (B-lymphoma- and BAL-associated protein). Although BBAP has a unique N terminus, the C-terminal region is highly homologous to that of DTX family members. Herein, we report that BBAP and the human family of DTX proteins (DTX1, DTX2, and DTX3) function as E3 ligases based on their capacity for self-ubiquitination. DTX family members homodimerize and heterodimerize in vivo, suggesting that physical interactions between various DTX family members modify E3 activity and/or substrate availability. Consistent with this idea, BBAP and DTX1 associate via their unique N termini, resulting in enhanced self-ubiquitination.