gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moesin, the major ERM protein of lymphocytes and platelets, differs from ezrin in its insensitivity to calpain (1999)

The ERM proteins, ezrin, radixin and moesin, provide regulated linkage of the cytoskeleton with the plasma membrane, particularly in cell surface projections. Ezrin and moesin were found co-expressed, and radixin was not detected, in human blood lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. Moesin is the quantitatively dominant ERM protein in these cells and the only one in platelets. Because Ca signaling pathways involving calpain cleavages are important in blood cells, we examined ERM protein sensitivity to this protease. A striking difference was discovered: sensitivity of ezrin and resistance of moesin (and radixin) to calpain. In intact stimulated lymphocytes, ezrin was cleaved, while moesin was not, strongly suggesting that differential sensitivity to calpain contributes to specialized functions of these proteins.
An immunohistochemical study of the nerve growth factor receptor in developing rats (1988)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor expression was studied in rats between embryonic day 11 (E11) to postnatal day 10 (PND10) by using a monoclonal antibody, 192-IgG, that specifically recognizes rat NGF receptor. Sympathetic ganglia were lightly stained by 192-IgG for NGF receptor immunoreactivity (NGFRI) (E11-PND10). Neural crest-derived sensory ganglia were moderately to densely stained (E11-PND10). Areas in CNS innervated by the central processes of these ganglia were also stained. Parasympathetic ciliary ganglion showed some detectable staining (E16-PND6). Placode-derived sensory ganglia were stained more densely than that of neural crest-derived sensory ganglia. The most densely stained tissue for NGFRI was found in all peripheral nerves. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons were NGFRI positive from E15 throughout the period examined. Motoneurons in both spinal cord and brain stem were positive for NGFRI between E15 and PND10. NGFRI staining was seen in a variety of sensory pathways and related structures, such as olfactory tract and glomerular layer of olfactory bulb; retina, optic nerve and tract, lateral geniculate nucleus, medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract, and olivary pretectal nucleus; ventral cochlear nucleus and to a lesser degree in dorsal cochlear nucleus, superior olive, and nucleus of lateral lemniscus; solitary tract; cuneate nucleus, gracile nucleus, and ventroposterior thalamic nucleus. The specific staining was also found in some other CNS structures, including brain-stem reticular formation; amygdala; medial nucleus of inferior olive but not the rest of inferior olive, external granule cell layer and Purkinje's cells of cerebellum, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Some non-neuronal tissues such as meninges and dental tissue showed very distinctive staining. Limb buds and somites were NGFRI positive starting at E11, and the staining on muscle tissue became very dense at E15-E18 and largely disappeared around PND10. Embryonic thymus was positive for NGFRI. The adventitia surrounding blood vessels was very densely stained. The changes in NGFRI staining seen in this study suggest that NGF may have broader effects during development than previously thought.
Feature selection for computer-aided polyp detection using MRMR (2010)

In building robust classifiers for computer-aided detection (CAD) of lesions, selection of relevant features is of fundamental importance. Typically one is interested in determining which, of a large number of potentially redundant or noisy features, are most discriminative for classification. Searching all possible subsets of features is impractical computationally. This paper proposes a feature selection scheme combining AdaBoost with the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR) to focus on the most discriminative features. A fitness function is designed to determine the optimal number of features in a forward wrapper search. Bagging is applied to reduce the variance of the classifier and make a reliable selection. Experiments demonstrate that by selecting just 11 percent of the total features, the classifier can achieve better prediction on independent test data compared to the 70 percent of the total features selected by AdaBoost.
[Autonomous component in cervicocranial pains and grounds for its pathogenetic treatment]. (2010)

An analysis of an autonomous component of the pain syndrome has been performed in 484 patients with neck and head pain syndromes. The frequency of autonomous disorders in this cohort reaches 84,7%. Autonomous dysregulation in different nosological groups as assessed with the A.M. Vein questionnaire was seen in all types of pain syndromes but was most distinct in cases of migraine, cervicogenic headache, headache of tension and trigeminal neuropathy. The data obtained suggest the deficiency of brain regulatory mechanism functions responsible for adaptation of the organism to external and internal changes and explain, in large, signs of maladaptation in patients with cervicocranial pain syndromes. The use of vegetotropic drugs in the complex therapy of neck and head pain is pathogenetically substantiated.
Developmental and Stress Regulation of Gene Expression for Plastid and Cytosolic Isoprenoid Pathways in Pepper Fruits (1996)

Plant cells synthesize a myriad of isoprenoid compounds in different subcellular compartments, which include the plastid, the mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum cytosol. To start the study of the regulation of these parallel pathways, we used pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit as a model. Using different isoprenoid biosynthetic gene probes from cloned cDNAs, we showed that only genes encoding the plastid enzymes (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, phytoene synthase, phytoene desaturase, and capasanthin-capsorubin synthase) are specifically triggered during the normal period of development, at the ripening stage. This pattern of expression can be mimicked and precociously induced by a simple wounding stress. Concerning the cytosol-located enzymes, we observed that the expression of the gene encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is constitutive, whereas that of farnesyl pyrophosphate cyclase (5-epi-aristolochene synthase) is undetectable during the normal development of the fruit. The expression of these later genes are, however, only selectively triggered after elicitor treatment. The results provide evidence for developmental control of isoprenoid biosynthesis occurring in plastids and that cytoplasmic isoprenoid biosynthesis is regulated, in part, by environmental signals.
The use of recombinant ovine IL‐1β and TNF‐α as natural adjuvants and their physiological effects in vivo (1998)

In the present study we have investigated the use of recombinant ovine IL-1beta and TNF-alpha both alone and in combination, as natural adjuvants in vaccination trials in sheep. Initial experiments were conducted to investigate the physiological effects of the cytokines in vivo and determine what dose could be administered without adverse pyrogenic effects. Even at the maximum dose tested (100 microg) the only significant physiological effect was a transient increase in body temperature of approximately 2 degrees C in sheep injected with TNF-alpha. Administration of either cytokine had profound effects on the levels of circulating leucocytes for up to 5 days postinjection. The incorporation of either IL-1beta or TNF-alpha in aqueous or Al(OH)3 vaccine formulations enhanced antibody responses to a recombinant antigen from the cestode parasite Taenia ovis. The addition of IL-1beta to aqueous vaccine formulations increased antibody responses 15-20-fold and in Al(OH)3 formulations by three to six fold. TNF-alpha stimulated 1.5 to six-fold and 2.5 to seven-fold increases in antibody levels in aqueous and Al(OH)3-based formulations, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. The addition of either cytokine to Quil A or IFA vaccines did not enhance the antibody levels elicited. When 10 microg of both IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were incorporated in the aqueous or Al(OH)3 vaccine formulations, increases of 21-fold and 25-fold, respectively, were observed in antibody levels. The adjuvant activity of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in combination in the Al(OH)3-based vaccine resulted in antibody levels commensurate with those obtained using Quil A or IFA.
Conversion of Bacillus subtilis 168 to a subtilin producer by competence transformation (1991)

Subtilin is a ribosomally synthesized peptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. B. subtilis 168 was converted to a subtilin producer by competence transformation with chromosomal DNA from B. subtilis ATCC 6633. A chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene was inserted next to the subtilin structural gene as a selectable marker. The genes that conferred subtilin production were derived from a 40-kb region of the B. subtilis ATCC 6633 chromosome that had flanking homologies to the B. subtilis 168 chromosome. The subtilin produced by the mutant was identical to natural subtilin in its biological activity, chromatographic behavior, amino acid composition, and N-terminal amino acid sequence.
Research Profile: Digging for disease markers of sepsis (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNEWSNEXTResearch Profile: Digging for disease markers of sepsisLinda SageCite this: J. Proteome Res. 2006, 5, 11, 2885Publication Date (Web):November 3, 2006Publication History Published online3 November 2006Published inissue 1 November 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/pr062772lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/pr062772lnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (50 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The occurrence of anthelmintic-resistant sheep nematodes in the southern North Island of New Zealand (1994)

An analysis of veterinary diagnostic cases submitted to the Batchelar Animal Health Laboratory for faecal egg count reduction testing in sheep between 1986 and 1992 showed that 63% of them originated from properties carrying anthelmintic-resistant worms. Most of these cases involved resistance to a single drench type only, with the benzimidazoles being implicated most frequently. Overall, the figures suggested a frequency of occurrence of resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics of 74%, to levamisole-type anthelmintics of 23% and to benzimidazo-lelevamisole combinations of 30%. No cases of resistance to milbemycin/avermectin-type drenches were recorded.
Spatial Relationship between L-Arginine and Heme Binding Sites of Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase (1996)

Binding of L-arginine and imidazole to the endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) was characterized by direct heme spectral perturbation. L-Arginine is competitive with imidazole for binding to eNOS. Both equilibrium binding and kinetic binding were measured at 4 and 23 degrees C for these two ligands. Kd (imidazole) is 60 microM and 110 microM, kon (imidazole) is 2.5 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 and 1. 2 x 10(6) M-1 s-1, koff (imidazole) is 11.8 s-1 and 116 s-1 at 4 and 23 degrees C, respectively. Corresponding values for L-arginine are calculated from the data of binding competition with imidazole and computer modeling. Kd (L-arginine) is 0.5 microM and 2.0 microM, kon (L-arginine) is 2 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 and 8 x 10(5) M-1 s-1, koff (L-arginine) is 0.08 s-1 and 1.6 s-1 at 4 and 23 degrees C, respectively. It is suggested that binding of both ligands occurs through the same access channel to the heme site based on their similarly slow association rate constants. A series of potential heme ligands and amino acid analogs of L-arginine were evaluated for their binding and their effect on the heme structure. All ligands besides cyanide tested for binding inhibition are competitive with either L-arginine or imidazole. The space for the distal heme ligand was estimated to be approximately 6.3 x 6.7 A by three groups of rigid planar ligands: imidazole, pyridine, and pyrimidine. Results of the thiazole and amino acid ligand series permitted the conclusion that the guanidine group of L-arginine is critical for its binding affinity and its specific orientation relative to the heme. Such a specific conformation is essential for the oxygenase mechanism of eNOS.
Fast maximum margin matrix factorization for collaborative prediction (2005)

Maximum Margin Matrix Factorization (MMMF) was recently suggested (Srebro et al., 2005) as a convex, infinite dimensional alternative to low-rank approximations and standard factor models. MMMF can be formulated as a semi-definite programming (SDP) and learned using standard SDP solvers. However, current SDP solvers can only handle MMMF problems on matrices of dimensionality up to a few hundred. Here, we investigate a direct gradient-based optimization method for MMMF and demonstrate it on large collaborative prediction problems. We compare against results obtained by Marlin (2004) and find that MMMF substantially outperforms all nine methods he tested.
Cellobiose Oxidase, Purification and Partial Characterization of a Hemoprotein from Sporotrichum pulverulentum (1978)

An extracellular enzyme which utilizes molecular oxygen to oxidize cellodextrins to the corresponding aldonic acids has been isolated from culture filtrates of the white-rot fungus Sporotrichum pulverulentum. This enzyme, tentatively named cellobiose oxidase, has been highly purified by classical techniques and has been demonstrated to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 93000. Ultraviolet spectra of the enzyme in the presence and absence of substrate are characteristic of a hemoprotein. Acidic hydrolyses of the enzyme followed by a spectrofluorimetric investigation of the hydrolysate has demonstrated the presence of approximately one flavin component per enzyme molecule. The possible role of this complex enzyme in cellulose degradation is discussed.
The Amber Codon in the Gene Encoding the Monomethylamine Methyltransferase Isolated from Methanosarcina barkeri Is Translated as a Sense Codon (2001)

Each of the genes encoding the methyltransferases initiating methanogenesis from trimethylamine, dimethylamine, or monomethylamine by various Methanosarcina species possesses one naturally occurring in-frame amber codon that does not appear to act as a translation stop during synthesis of the biochemically characterized methyltransferase. To investigate the means by which suppression of the amber codon within these genes occurs, MtmB, a methyltransferase initiating metabolism of monomethylamine, was examined. The C-terminal sequence of MtmB indicated that synthesis of this mtmB1 gene product did not cease at the internal amber codon, but at the following ochre codon. Antibody raised against MtmB revealed that Escherichia coli transformed with mtmB1 produced the amber termination product. The same antibody detected primarily a 50-kDa protein in Methanosarcina barkeri, which is the mass predicted for the amber readthrough product of the mtmB1 gene. Sequencing of peptide fragments from MtmB by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry revealed no change in the reading frame during mtmB1 expression. The amber codon position corresponded to a lysyl residue using either sequencing technique. The amber codon is thus read through during translation at apparently high efficiency and corresponds to lysine in tryptic fragments of MtmB even though canonical lysine codon usage is encountered in other Methanosarcina genes.
Ganglion of the anterior cruciate ligament presented as a knee mass. (1996)

A ganglion cyst of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a rare disorder and should be considered in cases of benign masses of the knee. A ganglion cyst originating on the ACL found at surgery on a 26-year-old woman was not diagnosed during her preoperative evaluation.
Frequency and Disposition of Ovarian Abnormalities Followed With Serial Transvaginal Ultrasonography (2013)

II.
LEDs challenge the incandescents (1992)

Past, present, and future developments in the field of light-emitting diode (LED) chips are discussed. It is argued that the performance of AlGaAs has enabled LEDs to penetrate markets requiring high flux and/or low power consumption and that AlInGaP technology, which yields high performance from red-orange to green, will accelerate the use of LEDs in new applications. Emerging blue devices and recent ZnSe developments which suggest that blue performance comparable to AlGaAs and AlInGaP may be possible are described. The development of an adequate blue device would permit the fabrication of full-color, large-area, sunlight-viewable, flat-panel displays.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dispersion Effects in Partial Coherence Interferometry: Implications for Intraocular Ranging (1999)

In nondispersive media, the minimum distance that can be resolved by partial coherence interferometry (PCI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) is inversely proportional to the source spectral bandwidth. Dispersion tends to increase the signal width and to degrade the resolution. We analyze the situation for PCI ranging and OCT imaging of ocular structures. It can be shown that for each ocular segment an optimum source bandwidth yielding optimum resolution exists. If the resolution is to be improved beyond this point, the group dispersion of the ocular media has to be compensated. With the use of a dispersion compensating element, and employing a broadband superluminescent diode, we demonstrate a resolution of 5 μm in the retina of both a model eye and a human eye in vivo. This is an improvement by a factor of 2-3 as compared to currently used instruments. © 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
Differential Expression of Axl and Correlation with Invasion and Multidrug Resistance in Cancer Cells (2012)

Dysregulation of Axl receptor tyrosine kinases is implicated in the pathogenesis of several sensitive and refractory cancers. In this study we showed that Axl expression was upregulated in drug-resistant cancer cells, as compared to those in parental cells. Downregulation of Axl expression by RNAi led to a decrease of K562/ADR and MCF-7/ADR cells invasion, proliferation in soft agar, and increased cells chemosensitivity in vitro. In nude mice bearing xenografts, downregulation of Axl in MDR cells enhanced the anticancer activity of intraperitoneally applied chemotherapeutic drugs. Our observations suggest that Axl represents a promising gene for overcoming MDR in cancer therapy.
Designing the User Interface (3rd Ed.) (1998)

Designing the User Interface is intended primarily for designers, managers, and evaluators of interactive systems. It presents a broad survey of designing, implementing, managing, maintaining, training, and refining the user interface of interactive systems. The book's second audience is researchers in human-computer interaction, specifically those who are interested in human performance with interactive systems. These researchers may have backgrounds in computer science, psychology, information systems, library science, business, education, human factors, ergonomics, or industrial engineering, all share a desire to understand the complex interaction of people with machines. Students in these fields also will benefit from the contents of this book. It is my hope that this book will stimulate the introduction of courses on user-interface design in all these and other disciplines. Finally, serious users of interactive systems will find that the book gives them a more thorough understanding of the design questions for user interfaces. My goals are to encourage greater attention to the user interface and to help develop a rigorous science of user-interface design.
General analysis on the impact of phase-skew in time-interleaved ADCs (2008)

Time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (TIADC) are sensitive to various mismatches that distort the sampled signal. Standard TIADC analysis assumes a sinusoidal input, which may result in pessimistic matching constraints for system-specific ADCs used with wideband input signals. Closed-form expressions bounding the acceptable phase-skew for wideband systems are derived, and are validated through simulations. In one of the examples presented it is shown that standard analysis can overconstrain the bound on acceptable phase-skew variance by a factor of three.
A CMOS SPAD Imager with Collision Detection and 128 Dynamically Reallocating TDCs for Single-Photon Counting and 3D Time-of-Flight Imaging (2018)

Per-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) architectures have been exploited by single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors to achieve high photon throughput, but at the expense of fill factor, pixel pitch and readout efficiency. In contrast, TDC sharing architecture usually features high fill factor at small pixel pitch and energy efficient event-driven readout. While the photon throughput is not necessarily lower than that of per-pixel TDC architectures, since the throughput is not only decided by the TDC number but also the readout bandwidth. In this paper, a SPAD sensor with 32 × 32 pixels fabricated with a 180 nm CMOS image sensor technology is presented, where dynamically reallocating TDCs were implemented to achieve the same photon throughput as that of per-pixel TDCs. Each 4 TDCs are shared by 32 pixels via a collision detection bus, which enables a fill factor of 28% with a pixel pitch of 28.5 μm. The TDCs were characterized, obtaining the peak-to-peak differential and integral non-linearity of -0.07/+0.08 LSB and -0.38/+0.75 LSB, respectively. The sensor was demonstrated in a scanning light-detection-and-ranging (LiDAR) system equipped with an ultra-low power laser, achieving depth imaging up to 10 m at 6 frames/s with a resolution of 64 × 64 with 50 lux background light.