gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin 15 is produced by endothelial cells and increases the transendothelial migration of T cells In vitro and in the SCID mouse-human rheumatoid arthritis model In vivo. (1998)

The capacity of endothelial cells (EC) to produce IL-15 and the capacity of IL-15 to influence transendothelial migration of T cells was examined. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells expressed both IL-15 mRNA and protein. Moreover, endothelial-derived IL-15 enhanced transendothelial migration of T cells as evidenced by the inhibition of this process by blocking monoclonal antibodies to IL-15. IL-15 enhanced transendothelial migration of T cells by activating the binding capacity of the integrin adhesion molecule LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and also increased T cell motility. In addition, IL-15 induced expression of the early activation molecule CD69. The importance of IL-15 in regulating migration of T cells in vivo was documented by its capacity to enhance accumulation of adoptively transferred human T cells in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue engrafted into immune deficient SCID mice. These results demonstrate that EC produce IL-15 and imply that endothelial IL-15 plays a critical role in stimulation of T cells to extravasate into inflammatory tissue.
Protein Kinase C Isozyme Selective Peptides - A Current View of What they Tell Us About Location and Function of Isozymes in the Heart (2005)

The identification of protein kinase C isozymes in distinct localities within the cell has led to the suggestion that each isozyme mediates a unique function. This has necessitated the development of methodologies that are capable of assigning specific function to an isozyme. For many years the location of individual isozymes in a particulate fraction was used to correlate specific isozymes with cellular function. More recently over-expression of selective isozymes and genetic knockouts have provided tissue-specific and developmentally regulated information on function. It is now known that specific proteins act as isozyme selective receptors for activated C kinase (RACKs) which determine subcellular localization of specific isozymes. As a result, peptides have been designed from the interaction site between the isozyme and its RACK that prevent the binding of isozymes to their respective RACKs. This has allowed the modulation of function of individual isozymes. This review will examine the development of the peptides as isozyme selective inhibitors or activators of PKC and its impact on understanding the role of isozymes in cellular function in the healthy and diseased heart. The possible development of isozyme-specific drugs for therapeutic use will be discussed.
OligonucleotJde-directed triple helix formation at adjacent oligopurine and oligopyrimidine DNA tracts by alternate strand recognition (1992)

A significant limitation to the practical application of triplex DNA is its requirement for oligopurine tracts in target DNA sequences. The repertoire of triplex-forming sequences can potentially be expanded to adjacent blocks of purines and pyrimidines by allowing the third strand to pair with purines on alternate strands, while maintaining the required strand polarities by combining the two major classes of base triplets, Py.PuPy and Pu.PuPy. The formation of triplex DNA in this fashion requires no unusual bases or backbone linkages on the third strand. This approach has previously been demonstrated for target sequences of the type 5'-(Pu)n(Py)n-3' in intramolecular complexes. Using affinity cleaving and DNase I footprinting, we show here that intermolecular triplexes can also be formed at both 5'-(Pu)n(Py)n-3' and 5'-(Py)n(Pu)n-3' target sequences. However, triplex formation at a 5'-(Py)n(Pu)n-3' sequence occurs with lower yield. Triplex formation is disfavored, even at acid pH, when a number of contiguous C+.GC base triplets are required. These results suggest that triplex formation via alternate strand recognition at sequences made up of blocks of purines and pyrimidines may be generally feasible.
Vaccination of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Modified Vaccinia Ankara Delivering the Tumor Antigen 5T4 (TroVax) Induces Immune Responses which Correlate with Disease Control: A Phase I/II Trial (2006)

These data indicate that vaccination with TroVax is safe and well tolerated and that immune responses to 5T4 can be induced without any evidence of autoimmune toxicity. Furthermore, 5T4-specific antibody responses correlate with evidence of disease control.
A 60GHz outphasing transmitter in 40nm CMOS with 15.6dBm output power (2012)

This paper presents a 60GHz transmitter (TX) based on the outphasing technique. It avoids amplifying variable-envelope signals and reconstructs the modulated signals by vector summing two constant-amplitude phase-modulated signals using an on-chip power combiner. The proposed design proves to have higher linear output power with better average efficiency compared to existing 60GHz solutions.
Correctness of Belief Propagation in Gaussian Graphical Models of Arbitrary Topology (2001)

Graphical models, such as Bayesian networks and Markov random fields, represent statistical dependencies of variables by a graph. Local "belief propagation" rules of the sort proposed by Pearl (1988) are guaranteed to converge to the correct posterior probabilities in singly connected graphs. Recently, good performance has been obtained by using these same rules on graphs with loops, a method we refer to as loopy belief propagation. Perhaps the most dramatic instance is the near Shannon-limit performance of "Turbo codes," whose decoding algorithm is equivalent to loopy propagation. Except for the case of graphs with a single loop, there has been little theoretical understanding of loopy propagation. Here we analyze belief propagation in networks with arbitrary topologies when the nodes in the graph describe jointly gaussian random variables. We give an analytical formula relating the true posterior probabilities with those calculated using loopy propagation. We give sufficient conditions for convergence and show that when belief propagation converges, it gives the correct posterior means for all graph topologies, not just networks with a single loop. These results motivate using the powerful belief propagation algorithm in a broader class of networks and help clarify the empirical performance results.
Singlet oxygen production from the reactions of ozone with biological molecules (1991)

The reaction of ozone with a number of biological molecules was found to produce singlet oxygen in high yield. At pH 7.0, the reaction of ozone with an equimolar amount of biological molecule produced the following singlet oxygen yields (mole of singlet oxygen/mole of ozone): cysteine, 0.49 +/- 0.02; methionine, 1.13 +/- 0.11; reduced glutathione, 0.33 +/- 0.02; albumin, 1.00 +/- 0.05; uric acid, 0.64 +/- 0.09; ascorbic acid, 0.96 +/- 0.007; NADPH, 1.07 +/- 0.07; NADH, 0.95 +/- 0.01. Thus, singlet oxygen may be an important intermediate in the biochemical damage caused by ozone.
Color structured light system of chest wall motion measurement for respiratory volume evaluation (2010)

We present a structured light system to dynamically measure human chest wall motion for respiratory volume estimation. Based on a projection of an encoded color pattern and a few active markers attached to the trunk, respiratory volumes are obtained by evaluating the 3-D topographic changes of the chest wall in an anatomically consistent measuring region during respiration. Three measuring setups are established: a single-sided illuminating-recording setup for standing posture, an inclined single-sided setup for supine posture, and a double-sided setup for standing posture. Results are compared with the pneumotachography and show good agreement in volume estimations [correlation coefficient: R>0.99 (P<0.001) for all setups]. The isovolume tests present small variations of the obtained volume during the isovolume maneuver (standard deviation<0.085 L for all setups). After validation by the isovolume test, an investigation of a patient with pleural effusion using the proposed method shows pulmonary functional differences between the diseased and the contralateral sides of the thorax, and subsequent improvement of this imbalance after drainage. These results demonstrate the proposed optical method is capable of not only whole respiratory volume evaluation with high accuracy, but also regional pulmonary function assessment in different chest wall behaviors, with the advantage of whole-field measurement.
Genotyping:Mining for SNPs: putting the common variants-common disease hypothesis to the test (2000)

Classical molecular genetic strategies have succeeded in identifying mutations responsible for numerous rare diseases with Mendelian patterns of inheritance, but have been largely unsuccessful in unravelling the (genetic basis of complex medical conditions like cardiovascular disease' diabetes and mental illness. These common disorders are shaped by multiple genes that exert weak allelic effects in the setting of confounding environmental variables. Association study designs provide statistical povwer to reveal the modest contributions of weak alleles, and evidence is mounting that common genetic polymorphisms play a role in complex diseases. Cataloguing genetic variation in human populations is a prerequisite for further validation of the 'common variants-common disease' hypothesis, and polymorphism discovery has begun in earnest in the academic and private sector. We will review several strategies for high-throughput polymorphism discovery and discuss the implications of early results from polymorphism screens for future genetic studies.
Genomic sequencing. (1984)

Unique DNA sequences can be determined directly from mouse genomic DNA. A denaturing gel separates by size mixtures of unlabeled DNA fragments from complete restriction and partial chemical cleavages of the entire genome. These lanes of DNA are transferred and UV-crosslinked to nylon membranes. Hybridization with a short 32P-labeled single-stranded probe produces the image of a DNA sequence "ladder" extending from the 3' or 5' end of one restriction site in the genome. Numerous different sequences can be obtained from a single membrane by reprobing. Each band in these sequences represents 3 fg of DNA complementary to the probe. Sequence data from mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain genes from several cell types are presented. The genomic sequencing procedures are applicable to the analysis of genetic polymorphisms, DNA methylation at deoxycytidines, and nucleic acid-protein interactions at single nucleotide resolution.
Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide once daily vs. placebo in people with Type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled on metformin (GetGoal‐F1) (2013)

Lixisenatide one- or two-step dose-increase regimens significantly improved glycaemic control and decreased body weight over 24 weeks and during a long-term extension period without increasing hypoglycaemia. The study confirmed that tolerability in the one-step group was at least similar to the two-step dose increase, with nausea/vomiting and hypoglycaemia frequency being lower in the one-step regimen.
Vascular Clogging, Mononuclear Cell Margination, and Enhanced Vascular Permeability in the Pathogenesis of Human Cerebral Malaria (1994)

To document histopathologic evidence on the pathogenic mechanism of human cerebral malaria, we used light microscopy to study brain specimens from 23 patients who died of central nervous system involvement with Plasmodium falciparum. Sequestration of parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) leading to cerebral capillary clogging was seen. In a few specimens, vascular clogging by PRBCs was associated with margination of mononuclear cells. In others, capillaries were virtually empty and lymphocytes and monocytes were seen in apposition (marginated) to the capillary endothelial surface. The endothelial cells appeared plump, hypertrophied, and prominent. The capillary wall appeared thickened by fibrinous material. Massive intercellular brain edema along with extravasated red blood cells, mononuclear cells, and plasmatic fluid was also noticed. In addition to hypoxia induced by PRBC-mediated vascular clogging, marginating mononuclear cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. The precise role played by this phenomenon needs further evaluation.
Driving assistance using smartdevices (2014)

The technology embedded in common smartdevices can be used for important tasks, as the enhancement of drivers safety. In this paper, two algorithms which can be easily implemented in a smartdevice and make use of standard onboard sensors, such as the camera and the accelerometer, are described. The first exploits the high performance in image processing of Cellular Nonlinear Networks to detect the occurrence of blinking eyes during driving, which can be associated to a state of fatigue of the driver. The second algorithm addresses the problem of brusque braking in order to enhance the capabilities of existing braking assistance devices. The obtained experimental results assess the capabilities of the proposed algorithms and their effectiveness in increasing driver safety at a low cost.
Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and conserved alternative splice forms of thrombopoietin (1995)

Thrombopoietin (TPO), the ligand for c-mpl, is a novel cytokine comprising an amino terminal domain with homology to erythropoietin and a glycosylated carboxyl terminal domain that does not bear overall homology to other known proteins. We report the cloning of cDNAs encoding the porcine and murine TPO and the characterization of the human TPO gene. The cDNA for an additional splice form (TPO-2) with a four-amino-acid deletion within the erythropoietin-like domain has been isolated and is conserved between humans, pigs, and mice. Species comparison of TPO shows that the amino terminal erythropoietin-like domain is highly conserved, while the carboxyl terminal domain is less conserved. Recombinant murine TPO and human TPO are each able to activate both the murine and human c-mpl receptors, indicating an absence of strict species specificity. Human TPO is encoded by a single gene consisting of six exons and located on chromosome 3q27-28.
Comparison of first-line (1L) treatment (tx) patterns and overall survival by age at diagnosis among patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). (2021)

388 Background: Pancreatic cancer is mostly diagnosed in patients (pts) aged ≥ 65 years and the mortality rate is the highest among older adults. As the population ages, it is expected that there will be a significant rise in the number of older pts with mPDAC but guidance regarding their management is limited as these pts are under-represented in clinical trials. The oncological care of older adults in daily practice is challenged by various age-related conditions. Therefore, a better understanding of the real-world population will help in the development of more effective tx strategies. This study describes the proportion of pts with mPDAC who were treated, the types of regimens received, and the associated survival outcomes by age at diagnosis. Methods: Data were extracted for pts diagnosed with mPDAC between Jan 2015 and Mar 2020 from the Flatiron Health database. Pts were stratified into three age groups at diagnosis: &lt;70y, 70-79y, and ≥ 80y. The proportion of pts was evaluated who received 1L tx and the types of regimens received in the metastatic setting. ECOG performance scores (PS) at tx initiation were described. Overall survival (OS) from the start of 1L was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Overall, of the 8,382 pts identified, 71.3% (n=5,973) received tx. Among pts who received tx, 55.5% (n=3,313) were aged &lt;70y at diagnosis, 33.0% (n=1,972) were 70-79y, and 11.5% (n=688) were 80y+. Among those with data available, ECOG PS ≥2 was observed in 15.9% (n=381) of pts &lt;70y, 21.0% (n=309) of pts 70-79y, and 29.9% (n=147) of pts 80y+(p &lt; 0.001). The proportion of pts who received tx decreased with increasing age at diagnosis: 74.9%, 70.9%, and 58.5% for pts aged &lt;70y, 70-79y, and 80y+, respectively. Gemcitabine monotherapy (gem-mono) and gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel (GNP) accounted for &gt; 70% of regimens prescribed to pts aged 80y+. The median OS (mOS) for patients treated with GNP, gem-mono, FOLFIRINOX, and liposomal irinotecan-based regimens are presented in the table. Conclusions: This study of treatment patterns among pts with mPDAC found that older pts were more likely to have a decreased performance status and are less likely to receive treatment. However, older adults who received systemic therapy had comparable survival outcomes to younger pts treated with a similar regimen. The results of this large descriptive analysis suggest that the treatment strategy of mPDAC should not be based on age but rather on an overall assessment of the performance/functional status and geriatric profile of older pts. [Table: see text]
Computer Aided Duct Design (1994)

The circular slide rule is the industry standard for\nduct design. It is the simplest, most convenient way to\ntake into account the many variables of ductwork\nanalysis. The slide rule, however, is also relatively\ninaccurate. This means the ductwork is designed with\na higher static pressure and greater noise and\nturbulence than is necessary. A computer model helps\nto resolve these problems, reducing the fan horsepower\nneeded to deliver the air. Computer optimization also\nreduces noise and the high rate of heat transfer\ncaused by turbulent flow in abrupt dynamic\ntransitions. The result is energy savings at the fan,\nchiller and boiler. There are also first cost savings\nbecause of smaller ducts and transitions.\nThe design screen of the computer program is a simple\nCartesian coordinate system with velocity and static\npressure as the axes. A userdefined target curve is\nplotted on this background and each segment of the\nduct is plotted on the graph to permit a close\napproximation to the ideal, which is a uniform rate of\ncharge in velocity and static pressure. Different duct\nsizes for width and depth of each section can be tried\nby the user until the best combination is attained.\nOther controls are built into the program, such as\noffice standards for minimum duct size or minimum\ncharge in width and height. The program is flexible,\nconvenient and accurate. It generates a thorough data\nand graphical report for reference and evaluation.
A paramagnetic chemical exchange-based MRI probe metabolized by cathepsin D: design, synthesis and cellular uptake studies (2010)

Overexpression of the aspartyl protease cathepsin D is associated with certain cancers and Alzheimer's disease; thus, it is a potentially useful imaging biomarker for disease. A dual fluorescence/MRI probe for the potential detection of localized cathepsin D activity has been synthesized. The probe design includes both MRI and optical reporter groups connected to a cell penetrating peptide by a cathepsin D cleavable sequence. This design results in the selective intracellular deposition (determined fluorimetrically) of the MRI and optical reporter groups in the presence of overexpressed cathepsin D. The probe also provided clearly detectable in vitro MRI contrast by the mechanism of paramagnetic chemical exchange effects (OPARACHEE).
Zippered polygon meshes from range images (1994)

Range imaging offers an inexpensive and accurate means for digitizing the shape of three-dimensional objects. Because most objects self occlude, no single range image suffices to describe the entire object. We present a method for combining a collection of range images into a single polygonal mesh that completely describes an object to the extent that it is visible from the outside.The steps in our method are: 1) align the meshes with each other using a modified iterated closest-point algorithm, 2) zipper together adjacent meshes to form a continuous surface that correctly captures the topology of the object, and 3) compute local weighted averages of surface positions on all meshes to form a consensus surface geometry.Our system differs from previous approaches in that it is incremental; scans are acquired and combined one at a time. This approach allows us to acquire and combine large numbers of scans with minimal storage overhead. Our largest models contain up to 360,000 triangles. All the steps needed to digitize an object that requires up to 10 range scans can be performed using our system with five minutes of user interaction and a few hours of compute time. We show two models created using our method with range data from a commercial rangefinder that employs laser stripe technology.
Interaction of the central analgesic, tramadol, with the uptake and release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in the rat brain in vitro (1992)

1. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic with low opioid receptor affinity and therefore presumably other mechanisms of analgesic action. Tramadol inhibits noradrenaline uptake but since 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is also involved in the modulation of pain perception, we tested the effects of tramadol on 5-HT uptake and release in vitro. 2. Tramadol inhibited the uptake of [3H]-5-HT into purified rat frontal cortex synaptosomes with an IC50 of 3.1 microM. The (+)-enantiomer was about four times more potent than the (-)-enantiomer; the main metabolite of tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, was about ten times less potent. 3. Rat frontal cortex slices were preincubated with [3H]-5-HT, then superfused and stimulated electrically. Tramadol facilitated the basal outflow of [3H]-5-HT, at concentrations greater than 1 microM, while the uptake inhibitor 5-nitroquipazine enhanced both basal and stimulation-evoked overflow. Effects of the (+)-enantiomer were more potent than either the racemate, the (-)-enantiomer or the principal metabolite. 4. The effects of tramadol on the basal outflow of [3H]-5-HT were almost completely abolished when the superfusion medium contained a high concentration of the selective 5-HT uptake blocker, 6-nitroquipazine. 5. The results provide evidence for an interaction of tramadol with the neuronal 5-HT transporter. An intact uptake system is necessary for the enhancement of extraneuronal 5-HT concentrations by tramadol indicating an intraneuronal site of action.
Thinking strategically: the competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life (1991)

A major bestseller in Japan, Financial Times Top Ten book of the year, Book-of-the-Month Club bestseller, and required reading at the best business schools, Thinking Strategically is a crash course in outmaneuvering any rival. This entertaining guide builds on scores of case studies taken from business, sports, the movies, politics, and gambling. It outlines the basics of good strategy making and then shows how you can apply them in any area of your life.
[Effect of quercetin on the expression and growth of caspase-3 in lung adenocarcinoma cancer cell line A549.]. (2008)

The enhancement effects of Quercetin on caspase-3 in A549 cells may provide promising therapy of tumor.