gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Palladium-catalyzed reactions of allylic electrophiles with organometallic reagents. A regioselective 1,4-elimination and a regio- and stereoselective reduction of allylic derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed reactions of allylic electrophiles with organometallic reagents. A regioselective 1,4-elimination and a regio- and stereoselective reduction of allylic derivativesHajime Matsushita and Eiichi NegishiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 21, 4161–4165Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00142a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00142a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1590Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolomic Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Myocardial Ischemia (2005)

We report the novel application of metabolomics to acute myocardial ischemia, in which we identified novel biomarkers of ischemia, and from pathway trend analysis, coordinate changes in groups of functionally related metabolites.
Generation of targeted retroviral vectors by using single-chain variable fragment: an approach to in vivo gene delivery. (1995)

We report the generation of a retroviral vector that infects human cells specifically through recognition of the low density lipoprotein receptor. The rationale for this targeted infection is to add onto the ecotropic envelope protein of Moloney murine leukemia virus, normally trophic for murine cells, a single-chain variable fragment derived from a monoclonal antibody recognizing the human low density lipoprotein receptor. This chimeric envelope protein was used to construct a packaging cell line producing a retroviral vector capable of high-efficiency transfer of the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene to human cells expressing low density lipoprotein receptor. This approach offers a generalized plan to generate cell and tissue-specific retroviral vectors, an essential step toward in vivo gene therapy strategies.
P38 MAP kinase inhibitors as potential therapeutics for the treatment of joint degeneration and pain associated with osteoarthritis (2008)

SB203580 and VX-745 demonstrated attenuation of both cartilage degeneration and pain in animal models and suggest that p38 inhibitors may be a useful approach for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Long-Term Supplementation With Eicosapentaenoic Acid Salvages Cardiomyocytes From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury in Rats Fed With Fish-Oil-Deprived Diet (1998)

Dietary supplementation of fish oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3, DHA) has been shown to exert protective effects on ischemic/reperfused hearts. We determined whether deprivation of fish oil from the diet paradoxically enhances susceptibility of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury and whether supplementation with either EPA or DHA overcomes such alterations. Rats were fed with fish-oil-rich (FOR) diet, fish-oil-deprived (FOD) diet alone, FOD diet with EPA (1 g/kg/day), or FOD diet with DHA (1 g/kg/day) for 4 weeks. The FOD diet reduced n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and increased n-6 PUFAs such as linoleic (C18:2) and arachidonic acids (C20:4) in myocardial phospholipids. EPA or DHA supplementation increased its incorporation into phospholipid pools. Cardiomyocytes isolated by treatment with collagenase were subjected to 150 min of hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation for 15 min. In the FOD diet group, the number of surviving rod-shaped cells after hypoxia and reoxygenation was smaller than that of the FOR group. Supplementation with EPA did not affect the number of rod-shaped cells, but attenuated reoxygenation-induced reduction in the number of square-shaped cells. In contrast, DHA supplementation did not afford any protection. The results suggest that deprivation of fish oil from dietary intake enhances the susceptibility of cardiomyocytes to hypoxic injury, and EPA, but not DHA, is capable of salvaging cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced damage.
Growth of Self‐Similar Graphs (2004)

Abstract Locally finite self‐similar graphs with bounded geometry and without bounded geometry as well as non‐locally finite self‐similar graphs are characterized by the structure of their cell graphs. Geometric properties concerning the volume growth and distances in cell graphs are discussed. The length scaling factor ν and the volume scaling factor μ can be defined similarly to the corresponding parameters of continuous self‐similar sets. There are different notions of growth dimensions of graphs. For a rather general class of self‐similar graphs, it is proved that all these dimensions coincide and that they can be calculated in the same way as the Hausdorff dimension of continuous self‐similar fractals: ${\rm dim}\ X={{\rm log}\ \mu \over {\rm log}\ \nu }$ . © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 45: 224–239, 2004
Is Axonal Degeneration a Key Early Event in Parkinson’s Disease? (2016)

Recent research suggests that in Parkinson's disease the long, thin and unmyelinated axons of dopaminergic neurons degenerate early in the disease process. We organized a workshop entitled 'Axonal Pathology in Parkinson's disease', on March 23rd, 2016, in Cleveland, Ohio with the goals of summarizing the state-of-the-art and defining key gaps in knowledge. A group of eight research leaders discussed new developments in clinical pathology, functional imaging, animal models, and mechanisms of degeneration including neuroinflammation, autophagy and axonal transport deficits. While the workshop focused on PD, comparisons were made to other neurological conditions where axonal degeneration is well recognized.
Capture and Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen on Antibody Coated Beads Used in Enzyme Immunoassay (1986)

We have evaluated antibody coated beads for capture and detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Assay parameters of time, temperature, buffer molarity, specificity of antibody on the bead and reagent addition sequence have been studied. Optimal assay kinetics occurred at a temperature of 45 degrees C and a buffer molarity of 0.1M or above. The type and quantity of antibody on the bead surface were also critical to optimal CEA detection. Beads coated with baboon or goat anti-CEA antibody were able to capture a higher percentage of CEA than monoclonal mouse anti-CEA antibody or guinea pig anti-CEA antibody. The sequence of addition of CEA, anti-CEA antibody coated bead, and anti-CEA-horse radish peroxidase conjugate was important for optimal CEA detection. Formation of an immune complex of CEA with the anti-CEA horse radish peroxidase conjugate prior to capture of the CEA on an antibody bead resulted in the optimal detection of CEA.
Variable coordination of cotranscribed genes in Escherichia coli following antisense repression. (2006)

The results show that antisense mediated repression of genes within operons affect cotranscribed genes to a variable degree. Target transcript stability appears to be closely related to inhibition of translation and presumably depends on translating ribosomes protecting the mRNA from intrinsic decay mechanisms. Therefore, for genes within operons and clusters it is likely that the nature of the target transcript will determine the inhibitory effects on cotranscribed genes. Consequently, no simple and specific methods for expression control of a single gene within polycistronic operons are available, and a thorough understanding of mRNA regulation and stability is required to understand the results from both knock-down and knock-out methods used in bacteria.
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 reduces cell adhesion and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. (2003)

Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is linked to the pathogenesis of cancer. To delineate possible roles for MIC-1 in prostate cancer, a number of prostate epithelial cell lines have been studied, including PZ-HPV-7, DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells. Factors regulating the production of MIC-1 protein by these cells and some of the effects of MIC-1 on them were investigated. Although PZ-HPV-7 and DU-145 produced no MIC-1 protein, PC-3 and LNCaP cells secreted MIC-1 protein at high levels. The secretion of MIC-1 in LNCaP cells was modulated by both androgen and estrogen. Although neither MIC-1 nor anti-MIC-1 antibody had any effect on the proliferation of epithelial cells, MIC-1 induced changes in DU-145 cells. These cells became flattened and more spread out, and this was accompanied by reduced intercellular actin filaments and intercellular junctions. The DU-145 cells then detached from their substrate and underwent caspase-dependent apoptosis. To define some of the genes responsible for these changes, cDNA microarrays, followed by confirmatory reverse transcription-PCR, was used to analyze differential gene expression induced by MIC-1. The antiapoptotic gene metallothionein 1E and cell adhesion genes RhoE and catenin delta 1 were down-regulated by more than 2-fold by MIC-1, suggesting that they were, at least in part, responsible for the observed changes in the behavior of DU-145 cells. These findings suggest that although MIC-1 has no effect on cell proliferation, it reduces cell adhesion and consequently induces cell detachment. It is likely that caspase-dependent apoptosis is secondary to loss of cell adhesion and may suggest a role for MIC-1 in tumor dissemination in vivo.
Decomposable Hollow Biopolymer-Based Capsules (2001)

Decomposable hollow capsules based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and a low molecular weight organic molecule, a naturally occurring polyamine, spermidine (SP), were formed by applying the layer-by-layer adsorption strategy to colloid particles, viz., assembling DNA/SP multilayers on colloids and subsequently removing the templated core. For comparison, hollow capsules from the higher molecular weight biopolymers, alginate (ALG) and poly(lysine) (PL), were also prepared. The multilayers were first formed on polystyrene spheres, and their growth was followed by microelectrophoresis. The preparation of hollow capsules, derived from multilayer coating melamine formaldehyde core particles and then decomposing the core by acid treatment, was verified by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In contrast to the hollow ALG/PL capsules, the hollow DNA/SP capsules displayed a high sensitivity to salt solutions: Decomposition of the DNA/SP multilayers occurred after exposure to sodium chloride solutions. The hollow capsules prepared are attractive for the encapsulation and release of various substances; for example, the release of encapsulated compounds, such as dyes or drugs, can occur when loaded DNA/SP capsules are exposed to environmental (salt) conditions that decompose them, e.g., in the bloodstream.
Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933 (1995)

In this study, we determined the nucleotide sequence of the 5.4-kb SalI restriction fragment of the recombinant plasmid pEO40-1, cloned from the large plasmid of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strain EDL 933. This revealed two open reading frames which shared approximately 60% homology to the hlyC and hlyA genes of the E. coli alpha-hemolysin (alpha-hly) operon. We termed these genes EHEC-hlyA and EHEC-hlyC to distinguish them from the alpha-hly genes. Preliminary sequence analysis indicated that another open reading frame homolog to the hlyB gene is located close to the 3' end of EHEC-hlyA. The predicted molecular masses of the EHEC-hlyA and EHEC-hlyC gene products were 107 and 19.9 kDa, respectively. The EHEC hemolysin protein (EHEC-Hly) was not secreted into the culture supernatant by the strain EDL 933. However, hemolytic activity was found in the broth culture supernatant after transforming EDL 933 with the recombinant plasmid pRSC6 carrying the hlyB and hlyD genes from the E. coli alpha-hemolysin operon. The EHEC hemolysin was precipitated and used as an antigen for immunoblot analysis. This demonstrated that 19 of 20 reconvalescent-phase serum samples from patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome reacted specifically with the antigen; conversely, only 1 of 20 control serum samples demonstrated reactivity. To investigate the prevalence of EHEC hemolysin genes in diarrheagenic E. coli, a PCR was developed to specifically detect EHEC-hlyA. All Shiga-like toxin-producing O157 strains and 12 of 25 Shiga-like toxin-producing non-O157 strains were PCR positive; strains of other categories of diarrheagenic E. coli were PCR negative. All PCR-positive strains hybridized with the CVD 419 probe. We found the CVD 419 probe to be identical to the 3.4-kb HindIII fragment of plasmid pEO40 carrying most of the EHEC-hlyA gene and a part of the putative EHEC-hlyB gene. In this study, the newly discovered EHEC hemolysin was shown to be responsible for the enterohemolytic phenotype and demonstrated to be related but not identical to alpha-hemolysin. The EHEC hemolysin appears to have clinical importance because it occurs in all O157 strains tested and is reactive to sera of patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Promising molecular targeted therapies in breast cancer (2011)

In recent years, there has been a significant improvement in the understanding of molecular events and critical pathways involved in breast cancer. This has led to the identification of novel targets and development of anticancer therapies referred to as targeted therapy. Targeted therapy has high specificity for the molecules involved in key molecular events that are responsible for cancer phenotype such as cell growth, survival, migration, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, cell-cycle progression, and angiogenesis. Targeted agents that have been approved for breast cancer include trastuzumab and lapatinib, directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and bevacizumab, directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Several other targeted agents currently under evaluation in preclinical and clinical trials include inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), dual EGFR and HER2 inhibitors, VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors, and agents that interfere with crucial signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/MEK/ERK; agents against other tyrosine kinases such as Src, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/IGF-receptor (IGFR); agents that promote apoptosis such as Poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors; agents that target invasion and metastasis such as matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors and others. In this review, we highlight the most promising targeted agents and their combination with mainstream chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical trials.
New positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2). Identification and synthesis of N-propyl-5-substituted isoquinolones (2010)

<italic>N</italic>-propyl-5-substituted isoquinolones were identified as mGluR2 PAMs <italic>via</italic> high-throughput screening (HTS). Initial SAR exploration led to the identification of compound <bold>20</bold>.
Detecting Uncommon Trajectories (2008)

An effective video surveillance system relies on detection of suspicious activities. In recent times, there has been an increasing focus on detecting anomalies in human behaviour using surveillance cameras as they provide a clue to preventing breaches in security. Human behaviour can be termed as suspicious when it is uncommon in occurrences and deviates from commonly understood behaviour within a particular context. This work aims to detect regions of interest in video sequences based on an understanding of uncommon behaviour. A commonality value is calculated to distinguish between common and uncommon occurrences. The proposed strategy is validated by classifying walking path of the people in a shopping mall corridor. CAVIAR database is used for this purpose. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach in detecting deviant walking paths.
Ab initiomulticenter tight-binding model for molecular-dynamics simulations and other applications in covalent systems (1989)

A new, approximate method has been developed for computing total energies and forces for a variety of applications including molecular-dynamics simulations of covalent materials. The method is tight-binding-like and is founded on density-functional theory within the pseudopotential scheme. Slightly excited pseudo-atomic-orbitals are used to derive the tight-binding Hamiltonian matrix in real space. The method is used to find the electronic states and total energies for a variety of crystalline phases of Si and the ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ molecule. Excellent agreement is found with experiment and other first-principles methods. As simple applications of the method, we perform a molecular-dynamics simulated-annealing study of the ${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$ molecule to determine the ground-state configuration, and a molecular-dynamics simulation of the spectral density function of the ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ molecule at high and low excitation levels.
Molecular Photoionic AND Logic Gates with Bright Fluorescence and “Off−On” Digital Action (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMolecular Photoionic AND Logic Gates with Bright Fluorescence and "Off−On" Digital ActionA. Prasanna de Silva, H. Q. Nimal Gunaratne, and Colin P. McCoyView Author Information School of Chemistry, Queen's University Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 33, 7891–7892Publication Date (Web):August 20, 1997Publication History Received17 April 1997Published online20 August 1997Published inissue 1 August 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9712229https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9712229rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2504Altmetric-Citations302LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Ethers,Fluorescence,Imaging probes,Ions,Photonics Get e-Alerts
The Argonaute family: tentacles that reach into RNAi, developmental control, stem cell maintenance, and tumorigenesis (2002)

Argonaute family genes have been isolated from several organisms in screens for mutants that are deficient in RNAi and related phenomena, including post-transcrip-
Multiple sequence alignment using partial order graphs (2002)

The partial order alignment program POA is available at http://www.bioinformatics.ucla.edu/poa.
Environmentally-acquired bacteria influence microbial diversity and natural innate immune responses at gut surfaces (2009)

Early-life environment significantly affects both microbial composition of the adult gut and mucosal innate immune function. We observed that a microbiota dominated by lactobacilli may function to maintain mucosal immune homeostasis and limit pathogen colonization.
Etiologic Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes With Plasma Biomarkers (2008)

Using a combination of biomarkers may be a feasible strategy to improve the diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke in the acute phase, thus rapidly guiding other diagnostic tests and accelerating the start of optimal secondary prevention.
Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior of Coated Metals with AC Impedance Measurements (1982)

AC impedance measurements have been performed in 0.5 N NaCl for coated steel and aluminum alloys which had been subjected to different surface treatment procedures. These procedures included phosphating for steel and exposure to a conversion coating for the Al alloys. A polybutadiene coating of 8 ± 2 μm thichness was applied by spin coating. The AC impedance measurements made it possible to follow the penetration of electrolyte into the coating and to detect the initiation of corrosion at the metal/coating interface. A general model has been used to analyze the impedance data in terms of reactions occurring during the interaction of the coated metals with the environment. Based on this analysis the different pretreatment procedures have been ranked in terms of their efficiency in providing corrosion protection by the organic coating. A comparison between impedance results and visual observation over several days of the corroded and the delaminated areas under the coating confirm that AC impedance data can be used to characterize organic coating/metal systems.
Quantitative sectioning and noise analysis for structured illumination microscopy: erratum (2015)

We correct an error in the original manuscript, where an unrecognized assumption was made about the relationship between the out-of-focus light and the in-focus light. We summarize the condition under which the assumption may still hold, and mention alternative methods researchers can use to obtain accurate quantitative sectioning.
Polarization analysis of propagating surface plasmons in a subwavelength hole array (2003)

We present angle- and polarization-resolved measurements of the optical transmission of a subwavelength hole array. These results give a far field visualization of the propagation of the excited surface plasmons and allow for a simple analysis of their polarization properties.