gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinases in tumor progression (2001)

Many cellular processes have been identified in which phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase has a key regulatory function. As an oncogene, it is also involved in the development of cancer. The transformation and progression of normal cells towards an advanced stage tumor and/or towards metastatic lesions involves a complex series of events, including genetic alterations, leading to aberrant cell cycle progression, altered adhesion and motility characteristics, inhibition of apoptosis and induction of angiogenesis. This review highlights the processes involved in the pathogenesis of cancer in which phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is involved and provides an overview of the possible mechanisms by which the enzyme exerts its oncogenic action.
Same Ligand, Different Metals: Diiodo−Salan Complexes of the Group 4 Triad in Isospecific Polymerization of 1-Hexene and Propylene (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSame Ligand, Different Metals: Diiodo−Salan Complexes of the Group 4 Triad in Isospecific Polymerization of 1-Hexene and PropyleneAd Cohen†, Jacob Kopilov†, Marina Lamberti‡, Vincenzo Venditto‡, and Moshe Kol*†View Author Information† School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel‡ Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 4, 1689–1691Publication Date (Web):January 25, 2010Publication History Received27 November 2009Revised20 January 2010Published online25 January 2010Published inissue 23 February 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma902626ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma902626erapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1828Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Catalysts,Polymerization,Polymers,Thermoresponsive polymers Get e-Alerts
Factors influencing the success of conventional root canal therapy—a five‐year retrospective study (1993)

This retrospective study on the outcome of conventional root canal therapy was carried out on patients attending the Eastman Dental Hospital between 1970 and 1982. A minimum follow-up period of 5 years was required for patients to be included in the survey. The characteristics of the resulting sample group, the techniques for canal preparation and obturation and the obturating materials used were analysed. The type of obturating material used had no demonstrable effect on success rate but sex, age, preoperative vitality and periapical pathology were associated with significantly differing success rates. Technique also influenced success rate; the method of canal preparation and the position of the apical seal relative to the radiographic apex were both found to be significant. The overall success rate was 84.29%, representing 692 of 821 teeth included in the survey.
Autotaxin Is Released from Adipocytes, Catalyzes Lysophosphatidic Acid Synthesis, and Activates Preadipocyte Proliferation (2003)

Our group has recently demonstrated (Gesta, S., Simon, M., Rey, A., Sibrac, D., Girard, A., Lafontan, M., Valet, P., and Saulnier-Blache, J. S. (2002) J. Lipid Res. 43, 904-910) the presence, in adipocyte conditioned-medium, of a soluble lysophospholipase d-activity (LPLDact) involved in synthesis of the bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). In the present report, LPLDact was purified from 3T3F442A adipocyte-conditioned medium and identified as the type II ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase, autotaxin (ATX). A unique ATX cDNA was cloned from 3T3F442A adipocytes, and its recombinant expression in COS-7 cells led to extracellular release of LPLDact. ATX mRNA expression was highly up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3F442A-preadipocytes. This up-regulation was paralleled by the ability of newly differentiated adipocytes to release LPLDact and LPA. Differentiation-dependent up-regulation of ATX expression was also observed in a primary culture of mouse preadipocytes. Treatment of 3T3F442A-preadipocytes with concentrated conditioned medium from ATX-expressing COS-7 cells led to an increase in cell number as compared with concentrated conditioned medium from ATX non-expressing COS-7 cells. The specific effect of ATX on preadipocyte proliferation was completely suppressed by co-treatment with a LPA-hydrolyzing phospholipase, phospholipase B. Finally, ATX expression was found in mature adipocytes isolated from mouse adipose tissue and was substantially increased in genetically obese-diabetic db/db mice when compared with their lean siblings. In conclusion, the present work shows that ATX is responsible for the LPLDact released by adipocytes and exerts a paracrine control on preadipocyte growth via an LPA-dependent mechanism. Up-regulations of ATX expression with adipocyte differentiation and genetic obesity suggest a possible involvement of this released protein in the development of adipose tissue and obesity-associated pathologies.
An overview of techniques to support continuous retrieval of multimedia objects (1993)

Multimedia information systems have emerged as an essential component of many application domains ranging from library information systems to entertainment technology. However, most implementations of these systems (based on a workstation) cannot support a continuous display of multimedia objects and suffer from frequent disruptions and delays termed hiccups . This is due to the low I/O bandwidth of the current disk technology, the high bandwidth requirement of multimedia objects, and the large size of these objects which requires them to be almost always disk resident. One approach to resolve this limitation is to decluster a multimedia object across multiple disk drives in order to employ the aggregate bandwidth of several disks to support its continuous retrieval (and display). To support simultaneous display of several multimedia objects for different users, the system can replicate data across multiple groups of disk drives in a virtual manner. This paper provides an overview of: 1) techniques to manage the replicas of objects, and 2) strategies for grouping the disk drives when the database consists of a mix of media types.
A Molecular‐Based Estimation of the Prevalence of Hypophosphatasia in the European Population (2011)

The prevalence of hypophosphatasia (HP), a rare metabolic disorder due to loss-of-function mutations in the ALPL gene, has never been estimated in the European population. Only one published study evaluated the incidence of severe HP at 1/100,000 in Canada 53 years ago. Moderate forms of hypophosphatasia (mHP), including HP with moderate bone features and the mildest form odontohypophosphatasia, reflect both recessive and dominant inheritance, and are therefore expected to be more frequent than severe forms of HP. Here we estimated both the prevalences of severe and mHP in European populations. The prevalence of severe HP was estimated at 1/300,000 on the basis of the number of cases tested in our laboratory and originating from France during the period 2000-2009. The prevalence of mHP was then estimated by using the proportion of dominant mutations among severe alleles and by estimating the penetrance of the disease in heterozygotes for dominant mutations. According to a genetic model with four alleles resulting in 10 distinct genotypes, the prevalence of dominant mHP in the European population was estimated to be 1/6370, pointing out that mHP is much more frequent than severe HP.
Correlations Between O6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase Promoter Methylation Status, 1p and 19q Deletions, and Response to Temozolomide in Anaplastic and Recurrent Oligodendroglioma: A Prospective GICNO Study (2006)

TMZ is active in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors treated at first recurrence. In this setting, 1p/19q allelic loss is an important predictive and prognostic factor. Further studies on MGMT promoter methylation should be performed in randomized trials to test its correlation with survival.
Acid-Catalyzed Ring Opening of Furan in Aqueous Solution (2017)

The mechanism and energetics of furan decomposition via the opening of the five-membered ring structure in dilute acid solution were investigated using density functional Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics combined with metadynamics simulations. Diffusion of an acidic proton from the aqueous medium leading to the formation of a protonated furan is found to be the rate-limiting step of the ring-opening process, with protonation at the Cα position being 7 kcal mol–1 less activated than that at the Cβ position. Protonation at the Cα position results in the formation of 2,5-dihydro-2-furanol or 2,3-dihydro-3-furanol via nucleophilic attack by a solvent molecule. Subsequent protonation of the furanols at the ring oxygen initiates the opening of the furanic ring, leading to the formation of 4-hydroxy-2-butenal.
Early Seizure Detection Based on Cardiac Autonomic Regulation Dynamics (2017)

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that causes changes in the autonomic nervous system. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the regulation of cardiac activity and autonomic nervous system tone. The early detection of epileptic seizures could foster the use of new treatment approaches. This study presents a new methodology for the prediction of epileptic seizures using HRV signals. Eigendecomposition of HRV parameter covariance matrices was used to create an input for a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier. We analyzed clinical data from 12 patients (9 female; 3 male; age 34.5 ± 7.5 years), involving 34 seizures and a total of 55.2 h of interictal electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Data from 123.6 h of ECG recordings from healthy subjects were used to test false positive rate per hour (FP/h) in a completely independent data set. Our methodological approach allowed the detection of impending seizures from 5 min to just before the onset of a clinical/electrical seizure with a sensitivity of 94.1%. The FP rate was 0.49 h<sup>-1</sup> in the recordings from patients with epilepsy and 0.19 h<sup>-1</sup> in the recordings from healthy subjects. Our results suggest that it is feasible to use the dynamics of HRV parameters for the early detection and, potentially, the prediction of epileptic seizures.
The Aquaporins, Blueprints for Cellular Plumbing Systems (1998)

TIP, tonoplast intrinsic protein. FIG. 1. Water permeability of AQP1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Control oocytes exhibit
Primary Structure and Functional Characterization of a Soluble, Alternatively Spliced Form of B7-1 (2000)

Recent studies have suggested that soluble forms of B7-1 and B7-2 may exist, but transcripts that code for these molecules have not been previously described. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of an alternatively spliced soluble form of porcine B7-1 (sB7-1) that lacks exons coding for both the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Northern blot analysis of RNA from alveolar macrophages revealed an approximate 3:1 ratio of the transmembrane form of B7-1 mRNA relative to sB7-1 mRNA. Porcine B7-1 was present on the surface of both B and T cells following stimulation with PMA/ionomycin. A histidine-tagged form of porcine sB7-1 (sB7-1-His) interacted with both CD28 and CTLA-4, and effectively blocked IL-2 production from human responder cells stimulated with PHA and either porcine or human stimulator cells. In addition, sB7-1-His inhibited human T cell proliferation in response to porcine or human peripheral blood leukocytes. This study is the first report of an alternatively spliced form of B7 that codes for a soluble protein. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that porcine B7-1 interacts with the human receptors CD28 and CTLA-4, suggesting a potential role for this molecule in pig to human xenotransplantation. Possible physiological functions for the soluble form of B7-1 are discussed.
An Evaluation of the Stemness, Paracrine, and Tumorigenic Characteristics of Highly Expanded, Minimally Passaged Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2016)

The use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in regenerative medicine is rising due to their plasticity, capacity of differentiation and paracrine and trophic effects. Despite the large number of cells obtained from adipose tissue, it is usually not enough for therapeutic purposes for many diseases or cosmetic procedures. Thus, there is the need for culturing and expanding cells in-vitro for several weeks remain. Our aim is to investigate if long- term proliferation with minimal passaging will affect the stemness, paracrine secretions and carcinogenesis markers of ADSC. The immunophenotypic properties and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity of the initial stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and serially passaged ADSC were observed by flow cytometry. In parallel, the telomerase activity and the relative expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes were assessed by q-PCR. We also assessed the cytokine secretion profile of passaged ADSC by an ELISA. The expanded ADSC retain their morphological and phenotypical characteristics. These cells maintained in culture for up to 12 weeks until P4, possessed stable telomerase and ALDH activity, without having a TP53 mutation. Furthermore, the relative expression levels of TP53, RB, and MDM2 were not affected while the relative expression of c-Myc decreased significantly. Finally, the levels of the secretions of PGE2, STC1, and TIMP2 were not affected but the levels of IL-6, VEGF, and TIMP 1 significantly decreased at P2. Our results suggest that the expansion of passaged ADSC does not affect the differentiation capacity of stem cells and does not confer a cancerous state or capacity in vitro to the cells.
Biochemically directed therapy of leukemia with tiazofurin, a selective blocker of inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. (1989)

Tiazofurin (2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide, NSC 286193), a selective inhibitor of the activity of IMP dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.205), the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo GTP biosynthesis, provided in end stage leukemic patients a rapid decrease of IMP dehydrogenase activity and GTP concentration in the blast cells and a subsequent decline in blast cell count. Sixteen consecutive patients with end stage acute nonlymphocytic leukemia or myeloid blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia were treated with tiazofurin. Allopurinol was also given to inhibit xanthine oxidase activity to decrease uric acid excretion and to elevate the serum concentration of hypoxanthine, which should competitively inhibit the activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8), the salvage enzyme of guanylate synthesis. Assays of IMP dehydrogenase activity and GTP concentration in leukemic cells provided a method to monitor the impact of tiazofurin and allopurinol and to adjust the drug doses. In this group of patients with poor prognosis, five attained a complete hematological remission and one showed a hematological improvement. A marked antileukemic effect was seen in two other patients. All five evaluable patients with myeloid blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia reentered the chronic phase of their disease. Five patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were refractory to tiazofurin and three were unevaluable for hematological effect because of early severe complications. Responses with intermittent 5- to 15-day courses of tiazofurin lasted 3-10 months. Tiazofurin had a clear antiproliferative effect, but the pattern of hematological response indicated that it appeared to induce differentiation of leukemic cells. In spite of toxicity with severe or life-threatening complications in 11 of 16 patients, tiazofurin was better tolerated in most patients than other antileukemic treatment modalities and provided a rational, biochemically targeted, and biochemically monitored chemotherapy which should be of interest in the treatment of leukemias and as a paradigm in enzyme pattern-targeted chemotherapy.
Synthesis and antitumor cytotoxicity evaluation of novel pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine imidazole containing polyamide conjugates. (2003)

The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel C-8 linked pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBD)-imidazole polyamide conjugates (1-5) are described that involve mercuric chloride-mediated cyclization of the corresponding amino diethyl thioacetals. The compounds were prepared with varying numbers of imidazole- and pyrrole-containing polyamides in order to probe the structural requirements for optimal in vitro antitumor activity. These compounds were tested against a panel of human cancer cells by the National Cancer Institute, demonstrating that the compounds exhibited a higher level of cytotoxic activity than the existing natural and synthetic pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines. The data presented show that the length of the polyamides and also the type of heterocycle play important roles in this series of compounds for anticancer activity. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 5 have significant cytotoxic activity against the various types of cancer cell lines. It appears that cytotoxic activity is related to both the length and the heterocycles of the polyamides. Compound 1 exhibited a wide spectrum of anticancer activities against all cell lines in nine cancer panels and was especially effective against colon cancer, melanoma, and renal cancer and breast cancer, however, compound 4 did not exhibit any significant anticancer activity. This study found that PBD-imidazole polyamide conjugates are highly cytotoxic against many human cancer cell lines in comparison with the PBD-pyrrole polyamide conjugates.
PSTPIP: A Tyrosine Phosphorylated Cleavage Furrow–associated Protein that Is a Substrate for a PEST Tyrosine Phosphatase (1997)

We have investigated proteins which interact with the PEST-type protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP hematopoietic stem cell fraction (HSCF), using the yeast two-hybrid system. This resulted in the identification of proline, serine, threonine phosphatase interacting protein (PSTPIP), a novel member of the actin- associated protein family that is homologous to Schizosaccharomyces pombe CDC15p, a phosphorylated protein involved with the assembly of the actin ring in the cytokinetic cleavage furrow. The binding of PTP HSCF to PSTPIP was induced by a novel interaction between the putative coiled-coil region of PSTPIP and the COOH-terminal, proline-rich region of the phosphatase. PSTPIP is tyrosine phosphorylated both endogenously and in v-Src transfected COS cells, and cotransfection of dominant-negative PTP HSCF results in hyperphosphorylation of PSTPIP. This dominant-negative effect is dependent upon the inclusion of the COOH-terminal, proline-rich PSTPIP-binding region of the phosphatase. Confocal microscopy analysis of endogenous PSTPIP revealed colocalization with the cortical actin cytoskeleton, lamellipodia, and actin-rich cytokinetic cleavage furrow. Overexpression of PSTPIP in 3T3 cells resulted in the formation of extended filopodia, consistent with a role for this protein in actin reorganization. Finally, overexpression of mammalian PSTPIP in exponentially growing S. pombe results in a dominant-negative inhibition of cytokinesis. PSTPIP is therefore a novel actin-associated protein, potentially involved with cytokinesis, whose tyrosine phosphorylation is regulated by PTP HSCF.
Carbon and nitrogen sources modulate lipase production in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (2004)

This work provides a better understanding of the mechanism controlling LIP2 expression and, thus, extracellular lipase production in the yeast Y. lipolytica.
Self-Referencing Ceramic-Based Multisite Microelectrodes for the Detection and Elimination of Interferences from the Measurement of l-Glutamate and Other Analytes (2001)

A self-referencing technique utilizing two microelectrodes on a ceramic-based multisite array is employed for confirmation and elimination of interferences detected by enzyme-based microelectrodes. The measurement of L-glutamate using glutamate oxidase was the test system; however, other oxidase enzymes such as glucose oxidase can be employed. One recording site was coated with Nafion with L-glutamate oxidase and bovine serum albumin (BSA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde while the other had Nafion with BSA cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Differences in the chemistry of the two recording sites allowed for identification and elimination of interfering signals to be removed from the analyte response. The electrode showed low detection limits (LOD = 0.98 +/- 0.09 microM, signal-to-noise ratio of 3), fast response times (T90 approximately 1 s), and excellent linearity (R2 = 0.999 +/- 0.000) over the concentration range of 0-200 microM for calibrations of L-glutamate in vitro. The selectivity and dimensions of the multisite electrode allow in vivo glutamate measurements. This electrode has been applied to in vivo measurements of the clearance of locally applied glutamate and release of glutamate in the prefrontal cortex of anesthetized rats. In addition, a aimilar approach has been applied to the development of a microelectrode for measures of glucose.
Diversity of soluble methane monooxygenase-containing methanotrophs isolated from polluted environments (2006)

Methanotrophs were enriched and isolated from polluted environments in Canada and Germany. Enrichments in low copper media were designed to specifically encourage growth of soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) containing organisms. The 10 isolates were characterized physiologically and genetically with one type I and nine type II methanotrophs being identified. Three key genes: 16S rRNA; pmoA and mmoX, encoding for the particulate and soluble methane monooxygenases respectively, were cloned from the isolates and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences identified strains, which were closely related to Methylococcus capsulatus, Methylocystis sp., Methylosinus sporium and Methylosinus trichosporium. Diversity of sMMO-containing methanotrophs detected in this and previous studies was rather narrow, both genetically and physiologically, suggesting possible constraints on genetic diversity of sMMO due to essential conservation of enzyme function.