gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human platelet Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G. Identification as a 40,000-molecular-weight membrane protein shared by monocytes. (1985)

We have recently shown that human monocytes and U937 cells possess two molecular classes of Fc gamma receptor. One, a 72,000-mol-wt sialoglycoprotein, has high affinity for certain subclasses of human and murine monomeric IgG. The other is a 40,000-mol-wt protein (p40) with low affinity for monomeric IgG but with the capacity to bind IgG aggregates or IgG-coated particles. In the present study, a 40,000-mol-wt single chain protein, apparently identical to p40 from U937 cells, was isolated from surface-radioiodinated human platelets by affinity purification using a murine IgG2b monoclonal antibody to p40. This 40,000-mol-wt protein was not seen when control IgG2b or unrelated murine monoclonal antibodies were employed in place of anti-p40. The same 40,000-mol-wt protein was also recovered from an IgG-Sepharose affinity adsorbent, but not from ovalbumin-or myoglobin-Sepharose. The 72,000-mol-wt Fc gamma receptor of monocytes was not identified on platelets. Monoclonal anti-p40 and Fab fragments derived from this antibody blocked platelet aggregation by heat-aggregated human IgG, whereas a control murine IgG2b protein had little or no inhibitory effect at 500-1,000-fold higher concentrations. A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody, reactive with an unrelated platelet-specific membrane antigen, did not inhibit platelet responses to aggregated IgG. Anti-p40 did not affect platelet aggregation by thrombin, collagen, or fibrinogen plus ADP. Although anti-p40 did not directly aggregate platelets in the concentrations employed, cross-linking with F(ab')2 goat anti-murine Ig induced apyrase-sensitive aggregation of anti-p40-treated platelets. This indicates that p40 possesses transmembrane linkage for platelet activation and secretion. These observations strongly suggest that this newly recognized 40,000-mol-wt platelet membrane protein serves as an Fc gamma receptor.
Dual Function of Ccr5 during Langat Virus Encephalitis: Reduction in Neutrophil-Mediated Central Nervous System Inflammation and Increase in T Cell–Mediated Viral Clearance (2016)

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a vector-transmitted flavivirus that causes potentially fatal neurologic infection. There are thousands of cases reported annually, and despite the availability of an effective vaccine, the incidence of TBEV is increasing worldwide. Importantly, up to 30% of affected individuals develop long-term neurologic sequelae. We investigated the role of chemokine receptor Ccr5 in a mouse model of TBEV infection using the naturally attenuated tick-borne flavivirus Langat virus (LGTV). Ccr5-deficient mice presented with an increase in viral replication within the CNS and decreased survival during LGTV encephalitis compared with wild-type controls. This enhanced susceptibility was due to the temporal lag in lymphocyte migration into the CNS. Adoptive transfer of wild-type T cells, but not Ccr5-deficient T cells, significantly improved survival outcome in LGTV-infected Ccr5-deficient mice. Concomitantly, a significant increase in neutrophil migration into the CNS in LGTV-infected Ccr5(-/-) mice was documented at the late stage of infection. Ab-mediated depletion of neutrophils in Ccr5(-/-) mice resulted in a significant improvement in mortality, a decrease in viral load, and a decrease in overall tissue damage in the CNS compared with isotype control-treated mice. Ccr5 is crucial in directing T cells toward the LGTV-infected brain, as well as in suppressing neutrophil-mediated inflammation within the CNS.
Satellite cells from dystrophic (Mdx) mice display accelerated differentiation in primary cultures and in isolated myofibers (2005)

In the dystrophic (mdx) mouse, skeletal muscle undergoes cycles of degeneration and regeneration, and myogenic progenitors (satellite cells) show ongoing proliferation and differentiation at a time when counterpart cells in normal healthy muscle enter quiescence. However, it remains unclear whether this enhanced satellite cell activity is triggered solely by the muscle environment or is also governed by factors inherent in satellite cells. To obtain a better picture of myogenesis in dystrophic muscle, a direct cell-by-cell analysis was performed to compare satellite cell dynamics from mdx and normal (C57Bl/10) mice in two cell culture models. In one model, the kinetics of satellite cell differentiation was quantified in primary cell cultures from diaphragm and limb muscles by immunodetection of MyoD, myogenin, and MEF2. In mdx cell cultures, myogenin protein was expressed earlier than normal and was followed more rapidly by dual myogenin/MEF2A expression and myotube formation. In the second model, the dynamics of satellite cell myogenesis were investigated in cultured myofibers isolated from flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) muscle, which retain satellite cells in the native position. Consistent with primary cultures, satellite cells in mdx myofibers displayed earlier myogenin expression, as well as an enhanced number of myogenin-expressing satellite cells per myofiber compared to normal. The addition of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) led to an increase in the number of satellite cells expressing myogenin in normal and mdx myofibers. However, the extent of the FGF effect was more robust in mdx myofibers. Notably, many myonuclei in mdx myofibers were centralized, evidence of segmental regeneration; all central nuclei and many peripheral nuclei in mdx myofibers were positive for MEF2A. Results indicated that myogenic cells in dystrophic muscle display accelerated differentiation. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that FDB myofibers are an excellent model of the in vivo state of muscle, as they accurately represented the dystrophic phenotype.
Optimization and validation of a fully‐integrated pulse sequence for modified look‐locker inversion‐recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping of the heart (2007)

We present an optimized implementation of MOLLI for fast T1 mapping with high spatial resolution, which can be integrated into routine imaging protocols. T1 accuracy is superior to the original set of pulse sequence parameters and heart rate dependency is avoided.
IL-7 Promotes CXCR3 Ligand-Dependent T Cell Antitumor Reactivity in Lung Cancer (2009)

We are evaluating the immune enhancing activities of cytokines for their optimum utility in augmenting cellular immune responses against lung cancer. In this study, we evaluated the mechanism of antitumor responses following IL-7 administration to mice bearing established Lewis lung cancer. IL-7 decreased tumor burden with concomitant increases in the frequency of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subsets, T cell activation markers CXCR3, CD69, and CD127(low), effector memory T cells, and T cell cytolytic activity against parental tumor cells. Accompanying the antitumor responses were increases in IFN-gamma, CXCL9, CXCL10, and IL-12. Individual neutralization of CD4, CD8 T lymphocytes, or the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10 reversed the antitumor benefit of IL-7, indicating their importance for optimal responses in vivo. Furthermore, IL-7 decreased the tumor-induced apoptosis of T cells with subsequent decrease of the proapoptotic marker Bim. We assessed the impact of IL-7 treatment on regulatory T cells that negatively impact antitumor immune responses. IL-7 decreased regulatory T Foxp3 as well as cell suppressive activity with a reciprocal increase in SMAD7. These results indicate that IL-7 induces CXCR3 ligand-dependent T cell antitumor reactivity in lung cancer.
Role of Hereditary Factors in Weight Loss and Its Maintenance (2008)

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate in both developed and developing countries. Obesity is a chronic complex disease of multifactorial origin resulting from a long-term positive energy balance, in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Genetically prone individuals are the first to accumulate fat in the present obesogenic environment. Obesity increases the risks of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, arthritis, and several cancers and reduces the average life expectancy. Implementation of effective strategies in prevention and management of obesity should become an important target in health care systems. Weight changes throughout life depend on the interaction of behavioral, genetic and environmental factors. Weight loss in response to weight management shows a wide range of interindividual variation which is largely influenced by genetic determinants. The strong control of weight loss by genotype was confirmed by twin and family studies. Recently, special attention has been paid to nutritional, hormonal, psychobehavioral and genetic factors which can predict the response to weight reduction programme. In this article currently available data on the role of obesity candidate gene polymorphisms in weight loss and maintenance are reviewed. It is believed that an elucidation of the genetic component in the prognosis of weight management could assist in the development of more effective and individually tailored therapeutic strategies.
Color Indicators of Molecular Chirality Based on Doped Liquid Crystals (2001)

A simple color test for enantiomeric excess requires no chiral auxiliaries and only microgram quantities of chiral products. The method is based on a chirality-dependent color generation in doped LC films on formation of an imine or ester (see picture) from an amine and carbaldehyde or alcohol and acid chloride, respectively, and will enable the rapid screening of libraries of nonracemic compounds.
Towards Vision Based Navigation in Large Indoor Environments (2006)

The main contribution of this paper is a novel stereo-based algorithm which serves as a tool to examine the viability of stereo vision solutions to the simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) for large indoor environments. Using features extracted from the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) and depth maps from a small vision system (SVS) stereo head, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) based SLAM algorithm, that allows the independent use of information relating to depth and bearing, is developed. By means of a map pruning strategy for managing the computational cost, it is demonstrated that statistically consistent location estimates can be generated for a small (6 m times 6 m) structured office environment, and in a robotics search and rescue arena of similar size. It is shown that in a larger office environment, the proposed algorithm generates location estimates which are topologically correct, but statistically inconsistent. A discussion on the possible reasons for the inconsistency is presented. The paper highlights that, despite recent advances, building accurate geometric maps of large environments with vision only sensing is still a challenging task
Structure-activity relationship of quinolone antibacterial agents: the effects of C-2 substitution. (1990)

Very little is known about the structure-activity relationship of quinolone antibacterials at the 2-position. Because of the loss of biological activity with 2-methyl and 2-hydroxyl substitution, modifications at C-2 were generally considered to be unfavourable. Quinolone derivatives having a ring between positions 1 and 2 were recently shown to have biological activity. The sulfur-bridged analogs such as the benzothiazolo[3,2-a]quinolone, KB-5246 and NAD-394 have been reported to be highly active in vitro. The authors have synthesized 2-methylthiociprofloxacin, 2-methylofloxacin, the 5-oxopyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline and isothiazolonaphthyridine to assess the importance of the sulfur atom on biological activity as well as the effect of C-2 substituent on the spatial arrangements of N-1 or the 3-carboxylic group. It was found that the planarity between the 4-keto and 3-carboxylic acid groups of quinoline molecules is the most important criterion for biological activity. The syntheses of the above four compounds are also described.
RNA polymerase II elongation factors Spt4p and Spt5p play roles in transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I and rRNA processing (2006)

Previous investigations into the mechanisms that control RNA Polymerase (Pol) I transcription have primarily focused on the process of transcription initiation, thus little is known regarding postinitiation steps in the transcription cycle. Spt4p and Spt5p are conserved throughout eukaryotes, and they affect elongation by Pol II. We have found that these two proteins copurify with Pol I and associate with the rDNA in vivo. Disruption of the gene for Spt4p resulted in a modest decrease in growth and rRNA synthesis rates at the permissive temperature, 30 degrees C. Furthermore, biochemical and EM analyses showed clear defects in rRNA processing. These data suggest that Spt4p, Spt5p, and, potentially, other regulators of Pol I transcription elongation play important roles in coupling rRNA transcription to its processing and ribosome assembly.
APSK Modulated CO-OFDM System With Increased Tolerance Toward Fiber Nonlinearity (2012)

An amplitude and phase-shift keying (APSK) modulated coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system is proposed, with increased tolerance toward fiber nonlinearity. Numerical simulation results, based on 30.2-Gb/s single-channel and 5×30.2-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) single-polarization CO-OFDM systems, show that compared with conventional 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated optical OFDM signal, the 16 APSK modulated optical OFDM signal has a higher tolerance toward fiber nonlinearity, such as self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation. The optimal launch power and the corresponding Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> factor are, respectively, 2 and 0.5 dB higher than 16 QAM modulated optical OFDM signal after 640-km transmission, both in single-channel and WDM CO-OFDM systems.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of some Substituted 1,3,4-Thiadiazolo[3,2-a]-s-triazin-5-phenyl-7-thiones and Imidazo-[2, 1-b ]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-ones (1997)

Department of Chemistry. University of Jammu, Jammu-180 004 <em>Manuscript received 25 October !994. revised 4 July 1995, accepted 4 August 1995</em> 2-Amino-5-aryl-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (1) have been refluxed with benzoyllsothiocyanate to get N-[5-aryl-substituted-1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl)-<em>N</em>-benzoyl thlonreas (1a). These on refluxing with PCI<sub>5</sub> and POCI<sub>3</sub> give 2-aryl-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-<em>a</em>]-<em>s</em>- triazin-5-phenyl-7-thiones (3). Compound 1 on refluxing with chloroacetic acid and anhydrous sodium acetate gives 2-substituted-arylimidazo[2,1-<em>b</em> ]-1,3,4-thiadiazoi-5-ones (2). The compounds have been screened for antifungal activities.
Direct incorporation of experimental phase information in model refinement (2004)

The incorporation of prior phase information into a maximum-likelihood formalism has been shown to strengthen model refinement. However, the currently available likelihood refinement target using prior phase information has shortcomings; the 'phased' refinement target considers experimental phase information indirectly and statically in the form of Hendrickson-Lattman coefficients. Furthermore, the current refinement target implicitly assumes that the prior phase information is independent of the calculated model structure factor. This paper describes the derivation of a multivariate likelihood function that overcomes these shortcomings and directly incorporates experimental phase information from a single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) experiment. This function, which simultaneously refines heavy-atom and model parameters, has been implemented in the refinement program REFMAC5. The SAD function used in conjunction with the automated model-building procedures of ARP/wARP leads to a successful solution when current likelihood functions fail in a test case shown.
Cardiovascular Responses to Isokinetic Exercise in Upper and Lower Extremities (1994)

The purpose of this study was to establish a baseline in order that individuals may exercise safely. Sixty healthy students who were divided into two groups participated in the experiment. One group exercised both arms and legs at 60 rpm and the other at 90 rpm. There was a significant difference between arm and leg exercise in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and time to target heart rate (tTHR). DBP decreased more in the upper (U//E) than the lower extremity (L/E), but tTHR increased more in the L/E than the U/E (p 0.05). There was also no significant difference between 60 rpm and 90 rpm in SBP, DBP or tTHR in either arm or leg exercise (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the slope of the linear increase in heart rate was steeper for U/E than L/E work. Therefore L/E exercise is safer than U/E exercise.
Synthesis and anti-inflammatory properties of benzoyl, halogenobenzoyl or cinnamoyl substituted 1-benzoxepanes and 2-methyl-1-benzoxolanes. (1993)

A series of new 7-acyl substituted 1-benzoxepanes and 5-acyl substituted 2-methyl-1-benzoxolanes were synthesized and studied for anti-inflammatory properties. The benzoyl derivatives were more active than the corresponding halogenobenzoyl derivatives and previously reported structural analogues containing less methylene groups in their heterocyclic ring. The introduction of a methyl group at the 2-position of 5-cinnamoyl-1-benzoxolane heterocyclic ring significantly potentiated the activity. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 7-benzoyl-1-benzoxepane and 5-cinnamoyl-2-methyl-I-benzoxolane were less pronounced than those of indomethacin and diclofenac but greater than those of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Both compounds were less toxic and 5-cinnamoyl-2-methyl-1-benzoxolane was also less gastrotoxic than all the reference drugs mentioned above. Therapeutic indices of 5-cinnamoyl-2-methyl-1-benzoxolane were greater than those of diclofenac and significantly greater than those of ASA and indomethacin.
Intratracheal administration of endotoxin and cytokines. IV. The soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I inhibits acute inflammation. (1993)

Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered intratracheally to rats causes pulmonary tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) production and results in acute broncho-alveolar neutrophilic inflammation. In the present study, the recombinant human TNF soluble receptor type I (sTNFrI) co-injected intratracheally with LPS is shown to inhibit significantly (P < 0.0001) the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens at 6 hours as compared to intratracheal injection of LPS alone. The sTNFrI was at least as effective as the recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) as an inhibitor of acute inflammation. Inhibition of LPS-induced acute inflammation by the combination of sTNFrI and IL-1ra was not significantly more than the inhibition afforded by sTNFrI alone. Intratracheal co-injection of sTNFrI with LPS unexpectedly increased TNF levels in BAL specimens, perhaps by changing the normal catabolism of TNF. On the other hand, co-injection of sTNFrI and LPS decreased IL-6 levels in BAL fluid, most likely by interfering with the induction of IL-6 by TNF. The sTNFrI may prove to be an important pharmacological down-regulator of acute inflammation.
Matching Commercial Clips from TV Streams Using a Unique, Robust and Compact Signature (2005)

One of critical challenges in automatic recognition of TV commercials is to generate a unique, robust and compact signature. Uniqueness indicates the ability to identify the similarity among the commercial video clips which may have slight content variation. Robustness means the ability to match commercial video clips containing the same content but probably with different digitalization/encoding, some noise data, and/or transmission and recording distortion. Efficiency is about the capability of effectively matching commercial video sequences with a low computation cost and storage overhead. In this paper, we present a binary signature based method, which meets all the three criteria above, by combining the techniques of ordinal and color measurements. Experimental results on a real large commercial video database show that our novel approach delivers a significantly better performance comparing to the existing methods.
Structurally Constrained Hybrid Derivatives Containing Octahydrobenzo[gorf]quinoline Moieties for Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptors: Binding Characterization at D2/D3 Receptors and Elucidation of a Pharmacophore Model (2008)

A series of structurally constrained analogues based on hybrid compounds containing octahydrobenzo[g or f]quinoline moieties were designed, synthesized, and characterized for their binding to dopamine D2 and D3 receptors expressed in HEK-293 cells. Among the newly developed constrained molecules, trans-octahydrobenzo[f]quinolin-7-ol (8) exhibited the highest affinity for D2 and D3 receptors, the (-)-isomer being the eutomer. Interestingly, this hybrid constrained version 8 showed significant affinity over the corresponding nonhybrid version 1 (representing a constrained version of the aminotetralin structure only) when assayed under same conditions (K(i) of 49.1 and 14.9 nM for 8 vs 380 and 96.0 nM for 1 at D2 and D3, respectively). Similar results were found with other lead hybrid compounds, indicating a contribution of the piperazine moiety in the observed enhanced affinity. On the basis of the data of new lead constrained derivatives and other lead hybrid derivatives developed by us, a unique pharmacophore model was proposed consisting of three pharmacophoric centers, two with aromatic/hydrophobic and one with cationic features.
Prebeta-1 HDL in plasma of normolipidemic individuals: influences of plasma lipoproteins, age, and gender (1998)

Prebeta-1 HDL is a molecular species of plasma HDL of approximately 67 kDa mass that contains apolipoprotein A-I, phospholipids, and unesterified cholesterol. It participates in a cyclic process involved in the retrieval of cholesterol from peripheral tissues. In this cycle, unesterified cholesterol from cells is incorporated into prebeta-1 HDL, providing a substrate for esterification of cholesterol by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Prebeta-1 HDL then becomes incorporated into larger HDL species of alpha mobility as esterification proceeds and is regenerated during the transfer of cholesteryl esters from alpha HDL particles to acceptor lipoproteins. Thus the steady state level of prebeta-1 HDL in plasma reflects the relative efficiencies of the major metabolic processes involved in its generation and removal. We have used an isotope dilution technique to measure prebeta-1 HDL levels in the plasmas of 136 normolipidemic individuals (46 M, 90 F). The mean absolute concentration of prebeta-1 HDL as apolipoprotein A-I was 68 +/- 40 microg/ml for women, and 84 +/- 49 m/ml for men. Prebeta-1 HDL represented 5.5 +/- 3.3% of total apolipoprotein A-I in women, and 7.2 +/- 4.0% in men. The distributions of both absolute and percent prebeta-1 HDL are highly asymmetric, with skew toward higher values. However, the skew appears not to be attributable to either plasma cholesterol or triglyceride levels which are also skewed in population samples. The percent prebeta-1 HDL was negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol levels (P < 0.0001), whereas absolute levels of prebeta-1 HDL were positively correlated with apolipoprotein A-I and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol (P, for both, < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed effects of age and gender, but no association with lipoprotein fractions other than HDL. Lower levels of prebeta-1 HDL were associated with female gender in all models.