gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antioxidants halt axonal degeneration in a mouse model of X‐adrenoleukodystrophy (2011)

We have established a direct link between oxidative stress and axonal damage in a mouse model of neurodegenerative disease. This conceptual proof of oxidative stress as a major disease-driving factor in X-AMN warrants translation into clinical trials for X-AMN, and invites assessment of antioxidant strategies in axonopathies in which oxidative damage might be a contributing factor.
Synthetic Multimeric Heptyl Mannosides as Potent Antiadhesives of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (2009)

Urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli presents a serious communal and nosocomial health problem initiated by bacterial adhesion to the bladder cells. E. coli expresses fimbriae with a mannose-binding adhesin, FimH, at the tip. Heptyl alpha-D-mannoside (HM) is a nanomolar inhibitor of this lectin, preventing adhesion of type 1-piliated E. coli and reducing bacteria levels in a murine cystitis model. Herein, we described the synthesis of multimeric heptyl-mannosides with valencies ranging from one to four by copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Biological evaluation of the multivalent compounds revealed an increase in potency compared to HM. Inhibition of bladder cell binding highlighted a promising tetravalent derivative with inhibitory concentrations 6000- and 64-fold lower than mannose and HM respectively.
A Deep Dive into Bitcoin Mining Pools (2019)

Dataset retrieved and used with the code hosted here for this paper published at WEIS 2019 Abstract Miners play a key role in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin: they invest substantial computational resources in processing transactions and minting new currency units. It is well known that an attacker controlling more than half of the network’s mining power could manipulate the state of the system at will. While the influence of large mining pools appears evenly split, the actual distribution of mining power within these pools and their economic relationships with other actors remain undisclosed. To this end, we conduct the first in-depth analysis of mining reward distribution within three of the four largest Bitcoin mining pools and examine their cross-pool economic relationships. Our results suggest that individual miners are simultaneously operating across all three pools and that in each analyzed pool a small number of actors (≤ 20) receives over 50% of all BTC payouts. While the extent of an operator’s control over the resources of a mining pool remains an open debate, our findings are in line with previous research, pointing out centralization tendencies in large mining pools and cryptocurrencies in general
Effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibodies on histopathology of primary Salmonella infections (1995)

We reported that administration of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-alpha) antibodies exacerbates the course of a Salmonella infection in both susceptible and resistant mice by preventing the suppression of bacterial growth in the reticuloendothelial system. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of in vivo neutralization of TNF-alpha on the histopathology of primary Salmonella infections. We show that in primary infections, the suppression of bacterial growth in the reticuloendothelial system coincides with granuloma formation in the spleen and liver. Administration of anti-TNF-alpha globulins on day -1 of salmonellosis affected neither the histological picture nor the course of the infection in the early stages of the disease (days 1 to 3), with splenic and hepatic lesions consisting mainly of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs); conversely, later in infection (days 3 to 7), the treatment inhibited the formation of granulomas. When the anti-TNF-alpha treatment was started well after the suppression of bacterial growth in the reticuloendothelial system and the formation of granulomatous lesions in the spleen and liver, a prompt relapse of the infection and regression of already established granulomas were seen. In anti-TNF-alpha-treated mice, salmonellae were found inside macrophages and PMNs and extracellularly in the necrotic tissue of the spleen, while in the liver the organisms were seen mainly in inflammatory mononuclear cells, resident Kupffer cells, and hepatocytes and occasionally in the extracellular compartment within necrotic lesions. The bacteria appeared most often in clusters, being morphologically intact when in the extracellular space or within hepatocytes, while undergoing various degrees of degeneration when inside phagocytes. The results suggest that TNF-alpha is required for granuloma formation in salmonellosis and that its neutralization does not completely abrogate the bactericidal activity of macrophages and PMNs. Salmonellae were observed to grow within both hepatocytes and phagocytes but were killed only in the latter.
Chemokines and Their Receptors in Human Renal Allotransplantation (2010)

This comprehensive evaluation of chemokines and their receptors in human renal transplantation defines associations between chemokine expression and clinical phenotypes, may have diagnostic utility, and highlights relevant pathways for therapeutic intervention.
Synthesis of Bromo-substituted Indoxyl Esters for Cytochemical Demonstration of Enzyme Activity1 (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Bromo-substituted Indoxyl Esters for Cytochemical Demonstration of Enzyme Activity1Helen C. F. Su and K. C. TsouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 5, 1187–1189Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01490a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01490a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views491Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct synthesis of 5-azapyrimidine 2′-deoxyribonucleosides. Hydrolysis of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (1978)

The condensation of halogenose III with the triazines IV and VII was investigated. The course of the hydrolytical degradation of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine in acid, neutral and alkaline medium was established.
Purification and Properties of a Specific Escherichia coli Ribonuclease which Cleaves a Tyrosine Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Precursor (1972)

Abstract Precursor molecules of Escherichia coli wild type and mutant tyrosine tRNA's contain at both their 5' and 3' termini extra nucleotides in addition to those of the mature tRNA molecule. The early steps of processing these precursor molecules must involve specific ribonuclease cleavage. We report the isolation from E. coli extracts of the specific endonucleolytic RNase which cleaves only a single phosphodiester bond of the 129 nucleotide tyrosine tRNA precursor molecule. This cleavage removes all extra nucleotides present at the 5' terminus of the precursor as a 41 nucleotide fragment, exposing the 5' end of the mature tRNA. After sufficient purification, this activity has no effect upon the extra nucleotides at the 3' end of the tRNA precursor. Therefore processing of the two ends of this molecule must be carried out by different enzymatic activities. This novel RNase activity, which we have called RNase P, has been purified by washing ribosomes with 0.2 m NH4Cl, followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and phosphocellulose. At this stage it shows no evidence of other E. coli RNase activities. RNase P requires both monovalent and divalent cations for optimal activity, and has a pH optimum of 8.0. In the course of purifying RNase P, we have discovered in other subcellular fractions of E. coli RNase activities potentially responsible for additional steps of precursor tRNA processing.
Activation Tagging of the Floral Inducer FT (1999)

FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which acts in parallel with the meristem-identity gene LEAFY (LFY) to induce flowering of Arabidopsis, was isolated by activation tagging. Like LFY, FT acts partially downstream of CONSTANS (CO), which promotes flowering in response to long days. Unlike many other floral regulators, the deduced sequence of the FT protein does not suggest that it directly controls transcription or transcript processing. Instead, it is similar to the sequence of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), an inhibitor of flowering that also shares sequence similarity with membrane-associated mammalian proteins.
An Antimicrobial Activity of Cytolytic T Cells Mediated by Granulysin (1998)

Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) kill intracellular pathogens by a granule-dependent mechanism. Granulysin, a protein found in granules of CTLs, reduced the viability of a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and parasites in vitro. Granulysin directly killed extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, altering the membrane integrity of the bacillus, and, in combination with perforin, decreased the viability of intracellular M. tuberculosis. The ability of CTLs to kill intracellular M. tuberculosis was dependent on the presence of granulysin in cytotoxic granules, defining a mechanism by which T cells directly contribute to immunity against intracellular pathogens.
A Characterization of a Purple Intermediate of D-Amino Acid Oxidase (1966)

Journal Article A Characterization of a Purple Intermediate of D-Amino Acid Oxidase Get access KUNIO YAGI, KUNIO YAGI Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of NagoyaNagoya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KENTARO OKAMURA, KENTARO OKAMURA Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of NagoyaNagoya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MAKOTO NAOI, MAKOTO NAOI Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of NagoyaNagoya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar AKIRA KOTAKI AKIRA KOTAKI Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of NagoyaNagoya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 59, Issue 5, May 1966, Pages 527–530, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128338 Published: 01 May 1966 Article history Received: 19 February 1966 Published: 01 May 1966
Search for new biomarkers of gastric cancer through serial analysis of gene expression and its clinical implications (2004)

Gastric cancer is one of the most common human cancers and is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death in the world. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful technique to allow genome-wide analysis of gene expression in a quantitative manner without prior knowledge of the gene sequences. SAGE on 5 samples of gastric cancer with different histology and clinical stages have created large SAGE libraries of gastric cancer that enable us to identify new cancer biomarkers. Commonly up-regulated genes in gastric cancer in comparison with normal gastric epithelia included CEACAM6, APOC1 and YF13H12. By comparing gene expression profiles of gastric cancers at early and advanced stages, several genes differentially expressed by tumor stage were also identified, including FUS, CDH17, COL1A1 and COL1A2, which should be novel genetic markers for high-grade malignancy. Regenerating gene type IV (REGIV) is one of the most up-regulated genes in a SAGE library of a scirrhous-type gastric cancer. In vitro studies using RegIV-transfected cells revealed that RegIV is secreted by cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis, suggesting that RegIV may serve as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer. Production of RNA aptamers could be a useful approach to establish a detection system in blood. A custom-made array, named Ex-STOMACHIP, consisting of 395 genes, including highly differentially expressed genes identified by our SAGE and other known genes related to carcinogenesis and chemosensitivity, is useful to study the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer and to obtain information about biological behavior and sensitivity to therapy in the clinical setting. Combined analyses of gene expression profile, genetic polymorphism and genetic instability will aid not only cancer detection, but also characterization of individual cancers and patients, leading to personalized medicine and cancer prevention.
Analysis of Solids, Liquids, and Biological Tissues Using Solids Probe Introduction at Atmospheric Pressure on Commercial LC/MS Instruments (2005)

Direct analysis of samples using atmospheric pressure ionization (API) provides a more rapid method for analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds than vacuum solids probe methods and can be accomplished on commercial API mass spectrometers. With only a simple modification to either an electrospray (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source, solid as well as liquid samples can be analyzed in seconds. The method acts as a fast solids/liquid probe introduction as well as an alternative to the new direct analysis in real time (DART) and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) methods for many compound types. Vaporization of materials occurs in the hot nitrogen gas stream flowing from an ESI or APCI probe. Ionization of the thermally induced vapors occurs by corona discharge under standard APCI conditions. Accurate mass and mass-selected fragmentation are demonstrated as is the ability to obtain ions from biological tissue, currency, and other objects placed in the path of the hot nitrogen stream.
<title>RGB optical parametric oscillator source for compact laser projection displays</title> (1999)

A compact and efficient laser source is required as an enabling technology for laser projection displays. We discuss a scalable green-pumped, non-critically phase-matched LBO optical parametric oscillator (OPO) which simultaneously generates red and blue wavelengths that are ideal for display applications. Pumping the OPO with 9.6 W of 523 nm green light from a frequency-doubled, diode-pumped Nd:YLF oscillator/amplifier laser system has resulted in a measured 3.6 W of 896 nm signal power and an estimated idler power of 2.6 W. The signal was extra-cavity frequency doubled to produce 0.65 W of blue light at 448 nm. Intra-cavity frequency doubling of the idler produced 1.66 W of red light at 628 nm.
Cytokines from activated T cells induce normal endothelial cells to acquire the phenotypic and functional features of AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma spindle cells. (1995)

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a proliferative disease of vascular origin particularly frequent in HIV-1-infected homosexual men (AIDS-KS) and characterized by proliferating spindle-shaped cells, angiogenesis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Previous work has suggested that KS spindle cells are of endothelial cell origin and that chronic immune activation via the release of inflammatory cytokines may cooperate with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and the HIV-1 Tat protein in the induction and progression of AIDS-KS. Here we show that KS spindle cells have features of activated endothelial cells, and that conditioned media from activated T cells, rich in the same inflammatory cytokines increased in HIV-1-infected individuals, induce normal endothelial cells to acquire the phenotypic and functional features of KS cells. These include (a) acquisition of a similar pattern of cell surface antigen expression; (b) similar proliferative response to bFGF; (c) induction of the responsiveness to the mitogenic effect of extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein that is now able to promote the G1-S transition of endothelial cell cycle; and (d) induction in nude mice of vascular lesions closely resembling early KS as well as the lesions induced by inoculation of KS cells. These results suggest that chronic immune activation, via release of inflammatory cytokines, may play a role in the induction of KS.
Chemical vapor deposition of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum nitride thin films (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical vapor deposition of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum nitride thin filmsRenaud Fix, Roy G. Gordon, and David M. HoffmanCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 5, 614–619Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00029a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00029a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2959Altmetric-Citations155LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
JRAK (2012)

JURNAL REVIU AKUNTANSI DAN KEUANGAN (JRAK) merupakan jurnal ilmiah di bidang ilmu Akuntansi yang terbit dua (2) kali setahun pada bulan April dan Oktober. JRAK memuat hasil pemikiran dan hasil riset di bidang ilmu Akuntansi dan Keuangan, termasuk tentang kewirausahaan, keuangan syariah, dan intellectual capital.
Molecular design to mimic the copper(II) transport site of human albumin: studies of equilibria between copper(II) and glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide and comparison with human albumin (1976)

In continuing the investigation of designing the specific Cu(II)-transport site of human serum albumin, the peptide derivative glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide was designed to approximate more closely to the native protein. This peptide derivative was synthesized in good yield. The equilibria involved in the binary system, Cu(II)–glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide, have been studied, as well as those in the ternary system, L-histidine–Cu(II)–glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide. This peptide derivative was found to bind Cu(II) exclusively as a 1:1 complex in the pH range 4 to 11, having the same ligand atoms as those for the carboxyl-terminal free peptide and human albumin. However, it was found that glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide bound Cu(II) more strongly than did glycylglycyl-L-histidine, the stability constants being log β 1–21 = −0.479 and −1.99 respectively. In the ternary system, only 10% of the mixed complex was detected at pH 7, in comparison to 80% found in the case of the carboxyl-terminal free peptide. This finding agrees well with the increased stability of this peptide binary complex. These observations are also consistent with the results obtained from the equilibrium dialysis experiments. The Cu(II) – peptide amide complex has a dissociation constant of 2.07 × 10 −17 , indicating a higher binding strength of this peptide derivative for Cu(II) over the native albumin by a factor of 3.
H2-K b and H2-D b regulate cerebellar long-term depression and limit motor learning (2009)

There are more than 50 class I MHC (MHCI) molecules in the mouse genome, some of which are now known to be expressed in neurons; however, the role of classical MHCI molecules in synaptic plasticity is unknown. We report that the classical MHCI molecules, H2-K(b) and H2-D(b), are co-expressed by Purkinje cells (PCs). In the cerebellum of mice deficient for both H2-K(b) and H2-D(b) (K(b)D(b-/-)), there is a lower threshold for induction of long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber to PC synapses. This change may be a result of additional glutamate release observed at K(b)D(b-/-) CF to PC synapses, which are thought to "train" the cerebellar circuit. A behavioral correlate of cerebellar LTD is motor learning; acquisition and retention of a Rotarod behavioral task is significantly better in K(b)D(b-/-) mice than in WT cohorts. These physiological and behavioral phenotypes in K(b)D(b-/-) mice reveal a surprising role for classical MHCI molecules in synaptic plasticity and motor learning.
An architecture for electrically configurable gate arrays (2003)

A novel architecture for CMOS electrically configurable gate arrays using a two-terminal antifuse element is described. The architecture is extensible and can provide a level of integration comparable to mask-programmable gate arrays. This is accomplished by using a conventional gate array organization with rows of logic modules separated by wiring channels. Each channel contains segmented wiring tracks. The overhead need to program the antifuses is minimized by an addressing scheme that utilizes the wiring segments, pass transistors between adjacent segments, shared control lines, and serial addressing circuitry at the periphery of the array. By providing sufficient wiring tracks segmented into carefully chosen lengths and a logic module with a high degree of symmetry, fully automated placement and routing is facilitated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Quantum dot imaging for embryonic stem cells (2007)

In summary, this is the first demonstration of in vivo multiplex imaging of mouse ES cells labeled QDs. Upon further improvements, QDs will have a greater potential for tracking stem cells within deep tissues. These results provide a promising tool for imaging stem cell therapy non-invasively in vivo.
Guselkumab (an IL-23–specific mAb) demonstrates clinical and molecular response in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis (2014)

IL-23 inhibition with a single dose of guselkumab results in clinical responses in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, suggesting that neutralization of IL-23 alone is a promising therapy for psoriasis.