gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quinazolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines. LIX. Preparation of pyrrolo[2,1-c]-1,4-benzodiazepines (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuinazolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines. LIX. Preparation of pyrrolo[2,1-c]-1,4-benzodiazepinesArmin Walser, Gladys Silverman, and R. Ian FryerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 20, 3502–3507Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00960a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00960a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Efficient Biotransformation of Eugenol to Ferulic Acid and Further Conversion to Vanillin in Recombinant Strains of Escherichia coli (2003)

The vaoA gene from Penicillium simplicissimum CBS 170.90, encoding vanillyl alcohol oxidase, which also catalyzes the conversion of eugenol to coniferyl alcohol, was expressed in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue under the control of the lac promoter, together with the genes calA and calB, encoding coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199, respectively. Resting cells of the corresponding recombinant strain E. coli XL1-Blue(pSKvaomPcalAmcalB) converted eugenol to ferulic acid with a molar yield of 91% within 15 h on a 50-ml scale, reaching a ferulic acid concentration of 8.6 g liter(-1). This biotransformation was scaled up to a 30-liter fermentation volume. The maximum production rate for ferulic acid at that scale was 14.4 mmol per h per liter of culture. The maximum concentration of ferulic acid obtained was 14.7 g liter(-1) after a total fermentation time of 30 h, which corresponded to a molar yield of 93.3% with respect to the added amount of eugenol. In a two-step biotransformation, E. coli XL1-Blue(pSKvaomPcalAmcalB) was used to produce ferulic acid from eugenol and, subsequently, E. coli(pSKechE/Hfcs) was used to convert ferulic acid to vanillin (J. Overhage, H. Priefert, and A. Steinbüchel, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:4837-4847, 1999). This process led to 0.3 g of vanillin liter(-1), besides 0.1 g of vanillyl alcohol and 4.6 g of ferulic acid liter(-1). The genes ehyAB, encoding eugenol hydroxylase of Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199, and azu, encoding the potential physiological electron acceptor of this enzyme, were shown to be unsuitable for establishing eugenol bioconversion in E. coli XL1-Blue.
Intraepithelial Carcinoma of the Fimbria and Pelvic Serous Carcinoma: Evidence for a Causal Relationship (2007)

Proposed origins of pelvic serous carcinoma include the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomies in BRCA+ women have recently identified the fimbria as a site of origin for early serous carcinoma (tubal intraepithelial carcinoma or TIC). We explored the relationship of TIC to pelvic serous carcinomas in consecutive cases with complete adnexal exam (SEE-FIM protocol). Cases positive (group A) or negative (group B) for endosalpinx (including fimbria) involvement, were subclassified as tubal, ovarian, or primary peritoneal in origin. Coexisting TIC was recorded in group A when present and p53 mutation status was determined in 5 cases. Of 55 evaluable cases, 41 (75%) were in group A; including tubal (n = 5), peritoneal (n = 6), and ovarian (n = 30) carcinomas. Foci of TIC were identified in 5 of 5, 4 of 6, and 20 of 30, respectively. Ninety-three percent of TICs involved the fimbriae. Five of 5 TICs and concurrent ovarian carcinomas contained identical p53 mutations. Thirteen of 14 cases in group B were classified as primary ovarian carcinomas, 10 with features supporting an origin in the ovary. Overall, 71% and 48% of "ovarian" serous carcinomas had endosalpinx involvement or TIC. TIC coexists with all forms of pelvic serous carcinoma and is a plausible origin for many of these tumors. Further studies are needed to elucidate the etiologic significance of TIC in pelvic serous carcinoma, reevaluate the criteria for tubal, peritoneal, and ovarian serous carcinoma, and define the role of the distal tube in pelvic serous carcinogenesis.
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Key Management Framework (2008)

The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), defined in RFC 3748, enables extensible network access authentication.This document specifies the EAP key hierarchy and provides a framework for the transport and usage of keying material and parameters generated by EAP authentication algorithms, known as "methods".It also provides a detailed system-level security analysis, describing the conditions under which the key management guidelines described in RFC 4962 can be satisfied.
Patterns in Linear Algebra (1989)

(1989). Patterns in Linear Algebra. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 96, No. 2, pp. 105-117.
High reliability, high power, single mode laser diodes (1990)

Single stripe GaAs/AlGaAs, 4 μm wide real refractive index guided lasers are operated at powers up to 500 mW CW with total conversion efficiencies of 60%. Reliability studies of these lasers indicate an average lifetime of greater than 20000 h at 5°C at an operating power of 100 mW CW. The laser operates in a single transverse and longitudinal mode with a spectral linewidth of less than 6 MHz and a side mode suppression ratio of better than −30dB.
An I/Q active balanced harmonic mixer with IM2 cancelers and a 45° phase shifter (1998)

To reduce DC offset caused by local-oscillator-signal self-mixing in a direct-conversion receiver, an active balanced harmonic mixer with second-order intermodulation (IM2) canceler was proposed, and a direct downconverter containing the mixer and a 45/spl deg/ phase shifter was fabricated on a BiCMOS chip. The dc offset caused by the self-mixing was measured and found to be smaller than the noise level. A second-order intercept point at the input of +37 dBm was achieved with the IM2 canceler, which is suitable for direct conversion receivers for quadrature phase-shift keying signals containing an amplitude modulation component.
Packing of cholesterol molecules in human high-density lipoproteins (1984)

High-resolution, proton-decoupled (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (90.55 MHz) of human high-density lipoproteins (HDL) have been employed to investigate the physical state of unesterified cholesterol molecules in such particles. The cholesterol molecules in HDL(2), and HDL(3) were replaced with [4-(13)C]cholesterol by either particle reconstitution or exchange from Celite. Two well-defined resonances from [4-(13)C]cholesterol molecules in HDL (2) and HDL(3) were observed at chemical shifts (delta) of 41.70 and 42.20 ppm, indicating that cholesterol molecules are present in two distinct environments. The signal at delta 41.70 arises from the C-4 atom of cholesterol molecules associated with the phospholipid monolayer at the surface of the particles. The resonance at delta 42.20 is due to the 4-(13)C atom of cholesterol molecules dissolved in the cholesterol ester/triglyceride core. Decomposition of the two [4-(13)C]cholesterol resonances shows that approximately 40% of the signal arises from molecules in the apolar core, with the remainder due to molecules in the surface. Spin-lattice relaxation time and line-width measurements indicate that the cholesterol molecules dissolved in the core are relatively disordered and mobile. The cholesterol molecules located among phospholipid molecules in the surface of the particle undergo relatively restricted, anisotropic motions. The chemical shifts and relaxation enhancements induced by the addition of paramagnetic ions to the aqueous phase indicate that the surface cholesterol molecules in HDL(2), and HDL(3) are exposed to the water and that the 4-(13)C atom of cholesterol is located in the region of the phospholipid acylcarboxyl groups.The NMR data indicate that the residence time for cholesterol molecules in either the surface or the core pools of HDL is greater than or equal to 10 ms. However, more than 90% of the unesterified cholesterol molecules in HDL are in a single kinetic pool for exchange with cholesterol molecules in other lipoprotein particles or cells. It follows that cholesterol molecules in the two microenvironments undergo fast exchange on the biological time scale and can equilibrate between the surface and core of HDL in the time scale 10 ms-ca. 300 s. Neither the surface nor the core microenvironments of human HDL particles are saturated with cholesterol.
High Efficiency Colloidal Quantum Dot Phosphors (2014)

The project showed that non-Cd containing, InP-based nanocrystals (semiconductor materials with dimensions of ~6 nm) have high potential for enabling next-generation, nanocrystal-based, on chip phosphors for solid state lighting. Typical nanocrystals fall short of the requirements for on chip phosphors due to their loss of quantum efficiency under the operating conditions of LEDs, such as, high temperature (up to 150 °C) and high optical flux (up to 200 W/cm2). The InP-based nanocrystals invented during this project maintain high quantum efficiency (>80%) in polymer-based films under these operating conditions for emission wavelengths ranging from ~530 to 620 nm. These nanocrystals also show other desirable attributes, such as, lack of blinking (a common problem with nanocrystals which limits their performance) and no increase in the emission spectral width from room to 150 °C (emitters with narrower spectral widths enable higher efficiency LEDs). Prior to these nanocrystals, no nanocrystal system (regardless of nanocrystal type) showed this collection of properties; in fact, other nanocrystal systems are typically limited to showing only one desirable trait (such as high temperature stability) but being deficient in other properties (such as high flux stability). The project showed that one can reproducibly obtain these properties by generating a novel compositional structure inside of the nanomaterials; in addition, the project formulated an initial theoretical framework linking the compositional structure to the list of high performance optical properties. Over the course of the project, the synthetic methodology for producing the novel composition was evolved to enable the synthesis of these nanomaterials at a cost approximately equal to that required for forming typical conventional nanocrystals. Given the above results, the last major remaining step prior to scale up of the nanomaterials is to limit the oxidation of these materials during the tens of thousands of hours of LED operation. Once the LED phosphor lifetime specifications are met, these nanocrystals will enable white LEDs for solid state lighting to simultaneously have increased efficiency and improved light quality, in addition to enabling the creation of custom light spectrums. These improvements to white LEDs will help accelerate the adoption of SSL, leading to large savings in US and worldwide energy costs.
Myristic acid is attached to the transforming protein of Rous sarcoma virus during or immediately after synthesis and is present in both soluble and membrane-bound forms of the protein. (1984)

Myristic acid, a minor component of cellular fatty acids, has been shown previously to be covalently bound to most molecules of p60src, the transforming protein of Rous sarcoma virus. We have now determined at what time during the life cycle of p60src, and where within the cell, this lipid becomes attached to the protein. p60src was found to acquire myristic acid at only one time, during or immediately after its synthesis. p60src is known to be synthesized on free polysomes and appears at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane after a lag of 10 min. The addition of myristic acid to p60src therefore precedes the binding of the protein to the plasma membrane. The lipid attached to p60src is a permanent, metabolically stable part of the protein; we found no evidence for turnover of the myristyl moiety. However, we did find myristate attached to various soluble forms of p60src and to a large number of cytosolic cellular proteins as well. This demonstrates that the attachment of myristic acid to a protein is not in itself sufficient to convert a soluble protein into a membrane-bound protein.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Establishes Latency in the Mouse Footpad (1988)

BALB/c mice were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 by inoculation into the footpad. Three months or more after infection, and in the total absence of any evidence of illness, latent virus could be reactivated from both ganglia and footpad tissue but only after explantation and culturing for a week or more. Virus recovery from the footpad could not be prevented by treatment of the infected mice with acycloguanosine for up to 6 months in their drinking water at 40 mg/kg, nor by femoral and sciatic nerve section, nor by combining both treatments.
Assessment of the Effects of Cinnamon Leaf Oil on Rumen Microbial Fermentation Using Two Continuous Culture Systems (2007)

Two continuous culture (CC) systems, the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) and a dual-flow (DF) fermenter, were used to evaluate effects of the essential oil from cinnamon leaf (CIN) on rumen microbial fermentation. Incubations (d 1 through 8 for adaptation and d 9 through 16 for sampling) were conducted concurrently in the 2 systems, with CIN added at 0 (control) and 500 mg/L of rumen fluid culture. Eight Rusitec (920 mL; dilution rate = 2.9%/h) and 6 DF (1,300 mL; dilution rate = 6.3%/h) fermenters were randomly assigned to treatment. Inoculum was prepared from 4 ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows fed a total mixed ration consisting of 51% forage and 49% concentrate (dry matter basis). Ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and diet digestibility were reduced by CIN addition in the Rusitec but were not affected by CIN administration in the DF. The addition of CIN in the Rusitec decreased apparent N disappearance, NH3-N concentration, and molar proportions of branched-chain VFA. In contrast, in the DF no effect of CIN was observed on apparent N degradation, NH3-N concentration, and molar proportion of branched-chain VFA. In the Rusitec, the molar proportion of acetate was similar between treatments on d 9 and 13, but was lower from d 10 to 12 and higher on d 14 to 16 with CIN than with control (interaction of treatment x sampling day). The molar proportion of acetate remained unaffected by CIN addition in the DF. In both CC systems, the molar proportion of propionate was decreased whereas that of butyrate was increased by CIN addition. In the DF, CIN decreased microbial N flow and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis. Protozoa numbers were lower with CIN than with control in both CC fermenters. In the Rusitec, CIN increased 15N enrichment in total bacterial fractions, but no effect was observed on the production of microbial N. This study showed that CIN exhibited antimicrobial activity in both CC systems, but the effects were more pronounced in the Rusitec than in the DF system. These differences are likely a reflection of the higher dilution rate in the DF resulting in a lower effective concentration of CIN than in Rusitec. Based on these changes in rumen microbial fermentation, supplementation of CIN at the concentration evaluated in this study may not be nutritionally beneficial to ruminants.
Neuropathology of non-Alzheimer degenerative disorders. (2009)

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by selective and progressive loss of specific populations of neurons, which determines the clinical presentation. The same neuronal populations can be affected in a number of different disorders. Given that the clinical presentation reflects the particular population of neurons that are targets of the disease process, it is clear that for any given clinical syndrome, more than one neurodegenerative disease can account for the clinical syndrome. Because of this clinical ambiguity, for the purpose of this brief review neurodegenerative disorders are classified according to the underlying molecular pathology rather than their clinical presentation. The major neurodegenerative diseases can be classified into amyloidoses, tauopathies, alpha-synucleinopathies and TDP-43 proteinopathies.
Lorglumide and loxiglumide inhibit gastrin-stimulated DNA synthesis in a rat tumoral acinar pancreatic cell line (AR42J). (1990)

Many reports emphasized the role of gastrin as growth factor on normal gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas. In the present study, we analyzed the proliferative effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin peptides on a rat tumoral pancreatic cell line, AR42J, which possesses both CCKA and CCKB receptor subtypes. The results showed a good correlation between the binding of gastrin to CCKB receptor [Kd 1.125 +/- 0.3 (SD) nM] and its ability to either induce ornithine decarboxylase activity [50% effective concentration, 0.6 +/- 0.3 nM] and [3H]-thymidine incorporation [50% effective concentration, 2 +/- 0.4 nM]. Furthermore, the ability of different cholecystokinin and gastrin antagonists such as proglumide and asperlicin derivatives (respectively, CR1409, CR1505, and L364,718) were tested. We found that all antagonists displaced 125I-labeled gastrin binding, with the following order of potencies: L364,718 greater than CR1409 greater than CR1505 greater than proglumide. Furthermore, the 50% inhibitory concentration of CR1409 and CR1505 to inhibit gastrin stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity (an early event involved in cell proliferation) and [3H]thymidine incorporation were in agreement with their constants of inhibition (Ki) on gastrin binding. The L364,718 compound, at a concentration which fully occupied the CCKA without affecting the CCKB, had no effect on gastrin stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity and [3H]thymidine incorporation. In addition, this compound appeared to be a full agonist on CCKB receptor. These results confirm the implication of the CCKB receptor in the proliferative response of AR42J cells to gastrin.
8‐Hydroxyquinolates of Trivalent Metals as New Catalysts for the Reaction of CO2 with Epoxides. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Molecular cloning of a zinc finger protein which binds to the heptamer of the signal sequence for V(D)J recombination (1993)

The somatic V(D)J recombination for the assembly of the Ig and TCR genes is mediated by the recombination signal sequences (Rss) and the V(D)J recombinase. A cDNA clone was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library made from mouse thymocyte poly(A)+ RNA, using the Rss as a ligand. The deduced amino acid sequence of the putative protein, designated Recognition component (Rc), reveals a pair of Cys2-His2 zinc fingers followed by a Glu- and Asp-rich acidic domain. In addition, there are five copies of the Ser/Thr-Pro-X-Arg/Lys sequence, which are putative DNA binding units. The zinc finger-acidic domain structures present in Rc are also found in several enhancer binding proteins, such as those for the kappa B motif of the Ig kappa light chain enhancer or related sequences. Bacterial fusion proteins for Rc bind preferentially to the Rss heptamer and to the kappa B motif. The dual affinities of Rc for the Rss heptamer and the kappa B motif suggest a possible link between Ig transcription and somatic recombination. The formation of multiple 'gel-shifted' DNA-protein complexes for Rc and its DNA ligand suggests that these complexes tend to multimerize.
Stability of Non‐polyadenylated Viral mRNAs Injected into Frog Qucytes (1981)

The naturally non-polyadenylated mRNAs of reovirus were shown to have a half-life in excess of 3 days when injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes. Hybridization analysis and gel electrophoresis showed that all 10 mRNA species had a similar high stability, despite being translated at widely differing rates. We have confirmed previous findings indicating a role for the 5'-terminal cap structure in determining reovirus mRNA stability [Furuichi et al. (1977) Nature (Lond.) 266, 235-239]. The significance of these results in relation to a general role for poly(A) in messenger RNA function is discussed.
Spin coating of thin and ultrathin polymer films (1998)

Abstract The spin coating of thin (&gt; 200 nm thick) and ultrathin (&lt; 200 nm thick) polymer films is examined in several solvents of varying volatility over a broad range of polymer solution concentrations and spin speeds. Experimentally measured film thicknesses are compared with a simple model proposed by Bornside, Macosko, and Scriven, which predicts film thickness based on the initial properties of the polymer solution, solvent, and spin speed. This model is found to predict film thickness values within 10% over the entire range of conditions explored, which gave film thicknesses from 10 nm to 33 μ:m. The model underpredicts film thickness for cases in which a very volatile solvent is used or the initial concentration of polymer is high, while overpredicting film thickness for cases in which a low volatility solvent is used or the initial polymer concentration is very low. These deviations are a consequence of how the model decouples fluid flow and solvent evaporation.
Interaction of a developmentally regulated DNA-binding factor with sites flanking two different fruit-ripening genes from tomato. (1989)

To investigate mechanisms that control fruit development, we have begun experiments to identify proteins that control gene expression during tomato fruit ripening. We focused on the regulation of two different genes, E4 and E8, whose transcription is coordinately activated at the onset of fruit ripening. We report here that a DNA-binding protein specifically reacts with similar sequences flanking the E4 and E8 genes. The E4 binding site is at position -34 to -18 and, therefore, overlaps the region (TATA box) that in many eukaryotic genes serves to determine the efficiency and initiation site of transcription. In contrast, the E8 binding site is distal, located at -936 to -920 relative to the start of E8 gene transcription. Gel electrophoresis mobility retardation experiments indicate that the DNA binding activity that interacts with these two sites increases at the onset of fruit ripening. Taken together, these results suggest that this DNA-binding protein may function to coordinate E4 and E8 gene expression during fruit ripening.