gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunobiology of Hematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors: Potential Application to Disease Prevention in the Bovine (1991)

Colony-stimulating factors are a family of glycoproteins instrumental in regulation of hematopoiesis and inflammation. Clinical effects of various colony-stimulating factors have been reported in murine and human hosts. This review summarizes findings from some clinical trial evaluations of macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-3, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, and interleukin-7 administration to other species. These factors stimulate clonal expansion of progenitor cells in the bone marrow, induce differentiation of various cell lineages to a mature phenotype, and, in some cases, enhance the effector activities of immune cells. Each colony-stimulating factor has distinct lineages of bone marrow cells upon which they act, although there is some overlap in lineage activity and synergy between colony-stimulating factors. The close relationship in biological activity among different colony-stimulating factors is also reflected at the genomic level at which genes for some hematopoietic growth factors have been mapped to a region of human chromosome 5. Recently, colony-stimulating factor administration to cattle and its potential application to disease control in bovine preventive medicine programs has been investigated. Data from recent hematological, immunological, and intramammary bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) challenge studies in dairy cows are reviewed. These studies, with limited numbers of cows, found that rate of new infections, as well as duration and severity of infection, were reduced by pretreatment of cows with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. The dose-dependent hematological and immunomodulatory effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration may explain reduced severity and incidence of mastitis in dairy cows given granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
Functional genetics in Apicomplexa: Potentials and limits (2011)

The Apicomplexans are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites and the causative agents of severe diseases in humans and animals. Although complete genome sequences are available since many years and for several parasites, they are replete with putative genes of unassigned function. Forward and reverse genetic approaches are limited only to a few Apicomplexans that can either be propagated in vitro or in a convenient animal model. This review will compare and contrast the most recent strategies developed for the genetic manipulation of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium berghei and Toxoplasma gondii that have taken advantage of the intrinsic features of their respective genomes. Efforts towards the improvement of the transfection efficiencies in malaria parasites, the development of approaches to study essential genes and the elaboration of high-throughput methods for the identification of gene function will be discussed.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study About the Effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on the Pharmacokinetics of ??9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) After Oral Application of THC Verses Standardized Cannabis Extract (2005)

Cannabidiol (CBD) is known to modify the effects of Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) by decreasing anxiety and antagonizing other THC-effects. As a reason, pharmacodynamic as well as pharmacokinetic mechanisms were suggested. In context of the use of cannabis-based medicine extracts for therapeutic purposes, a study was performed in a double-blind and placebo-controlled cross-over design in which each of 24 volunteers (12 male and 12 female, age 18-45 years) obtained soft-gelatin capsules with 10 mg THC (THC-set), cannabis extract containing 10 mg THC +5.4 mg CBD (CAN-set) or placebo in weekly intervals. Blood samples were taken 30 minutes before and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours and 24 hours after the intake. The concentrations of THC, of its metabolites 11-OH-THC, THC-COOH and of CBD in the plasma samples were determined by automatic solid phase extraction, derivatization with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)triflouroacetamide and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentration versus time curves (maximum concentrations Cmax, corresponding time tmax and areas under the curves AUC) were evaluated by statistical methods with respect to equivalence or differences between the CAN-set and the THC-set. Furthermore, the intra-individual ratios of Cmax and AUC for 11-OH-THC/THC, THC-COOH/THC and THC-COOH/11-OH-THC were compared between the THC-set and the CAN-set. Despite the large variation of the data, evidence emerged from the total of the results that CBD partially inhibits the CYP 2C catalyzed hydroxylation of THC to 11-OH-THC. The probability for this inhibition is particularly high for oral intake because THC and CBD attain relatively high concentrations in the liver and because of the high first-pass metabolism of THC. However, the effect of CBD is small in comparison to the variability caused by other factors. Therefore, a pharmacokinetic reason for the differences determined between pure THC and cannabis extract is improbable at the doses chosen in this study. Significantly higher AUC and Cmax and shorter tmax were found for females as compared with males.
Transverse mode selection in large-area oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers using a shallow surface relief (1999)

Transverse mode selection has been introduced in a large area oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) by etching a shallow (only 40-nm deep) surface relief. The circular relief pattern, intended for fundamental mode selection, selects low order modes, resulting in significantly reduced beam divergence (from 48/spl deg/ to 13/spl deg/ and less over the entire drive current range) and improved spectral purity (width of emission spectrum reduced from 5 to less than 0.3 nm) compared to VCSEL's without surface relief. A maximum output power of 10 mW was measured.
Miller's guide to framing & roofing (2005)

Starting The Job (Planning) Builder's levels -- old and new Preparing the Site Providing Access During Construction Footings, Forms, and Foundations Building Foundation Forms Block walls and Plywood Foundations Drainage and Water Proofing Termites Pressure Treated Wood -- where you can and cannot use Pouring Concrete Slabs and Floors Sidewalks and Walkways Special Finishes and Surfaces Energy Factors Alternative Framing Methods Red Iron Steel Framing Galvanized Steel Framing Tools and Skills needed for Steel Framing Insulated Concrete Forms Tools and Skills needed for Wood framing
Natriuretic Peptides as Markers of Mild Forms of Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Effects of Assays on Diagnostic Performance of Markers (2004)

The performance of BNP for the diagnosis of systolic or diastolic LVD is not affected by the assay used, whereas the performance of NT-proBNP for the diagnosis of isolated diastolic LVD is assay dependent.
Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome (2018)

The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. While FOS was rapidly metabolized by the consortium, 2FL was utilized only after a delay. 2FL consumption was followed by a gradual switch from lactate to acetate. The activity of these bacterial species correlated well with gene expression analysis. Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. The model was finally used to represent the outcome of the system after 48 h after each regime. This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence.
Cloning and sequence of the human RecA-like gene cDNA (1993)

The RAD51 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae belongs to Rad52 epistasis group, which has been identified by sensitivity to ionizing radiation.Mutations in this gene cause X-ray sensitivity, inability to repair double-strand DNA breaks, decreased spontaneous and induced mitotic recombination and decreased meiotic recombination.They also result in poor formation of spores with low viability and deficiencies in mating- type switching (1).The yeast RAD51 cDNA is cloned and its gene product is shown to be structurally similar to E. coli RecA protein, to bind to single and double-stranded DNAs and to be induced by UV and -y-ray (2-4).We have isolated a cDNA homolog of the yeast RAD51 gene from mouse testis and have shown that the homologs of yeast RAD51 gene exist universally in vertebrates including man (submitted to elsewhere).Using the cDNA of a mouse Rad5J homolog as a probe, we have isolated a human cDNA homolog of the yeast RA4D51 gene.
Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular application of magnesium, levobupivacaine and lornoxicam with placebo in arthroscopic surgery (2011)

Administration of all the drugs provided better analgesia than placebo and the most effective one was lornoxicam.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Human Synovial Membrane (1978)

The normal cracked surfaces of the human synovial membrane were observed using scanning electron microscopy.Synovial lining cells were loosely arranged, and faced the joint space. They were composed of two types of cells; one had more cytoplasmic processes and vesicles, the other had fewer cytoplasmic processes and cytoplasmic matrix showed amorphous. They seemed to be respectively regarded as type A and B cell which had been recognized by transmission electron microscopic observations.Furthermore, the characteristic findings of other subsynovial cells were obtained.
Cuprizone treatment induces demyelination and astrocytosis in the mouse hippocampus (2008)

Memory impairment is outstanding within the spectrum of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Demyelination has been reported in the hippocampus formation of MS patients. The degree of hippocampus lesions in MS strongly correlates with progression of cognitive dysfunction. Because no appropriate animal model for the study of hippocampus demyelination has been established, we used the cuprizone mouse model to investigated demyelination in young adult and aged mice. The myelin status was analyzed by classical histological staining, immunocytochemistry for proteolipoprotein, and electron microscopy. Oligodendrocyte, astroglial, and microglia markers were studied. Cuprizone intoxication induced an almost complete demyelination of distinct hippocampus subregions to a similar extent in young adult and aged male mice. Demyelination was pronounced in a subset of white and gray matter areas, i.e., the stratum lacunosum moleculare containing the perforant path, medial alveus, stratum pyramidale in the cornu ammonis 2/3 region, and hilus region. Besides demyelination, affected areas displayed hypertrophic and hyperplastic astrocytosis. No significant effect on microglia invasion was detected at any investigated time point (0, 3, 5, and 7 weeks). We conclude that cuprizone-induced demyelination provides an adequate animal model to investigate appropriate therapy strategies for the prevention of hippocampus demyelination.
Sex Differences in the Brain: Implications for Explaining Autism (2005)

Empathizing is the capacity to predict and to respond to the behavior of agents (usually people) by inferring their mental states and responding to these with an appropriate emotion. Systemizing is the capacity to predict and to respond to the behavior of nonagentive deterministic systems by analyzing input-operation-output relations and inferring the rules that govern such systems. At a population level, females are stronger empathizers and males are stronger systemizers. The "extreme male brain" theory posits that autism represents an extreme of the male pattern (impaired empathizing and enhanced systemizing). Here we suggest that specific aspects of autistic neuroanatomy may also be extremes of typical male neuroanatomy.
Structure and chromosomal localization of the human renal kallikrein gene (1988)

Glandular kallikreins are a family of proteases encoded by a variable number of genes in different mammalian species. In all species examined, however, one particular kallikrein is functionally conserved in its capacity to release the vasoactive peptide, Lys-bradykinin, from low molecular weight kininogen. This kallikrein is found in the kidney, pancreas, and salivary gland, showing a unique pattern of tissue-specific expression relative to other members of the family. We have isolated a genomic clone carrying the human renal kallikrein gene and compared the nucleotide sequence of its promoter region with those of the mouse renal kallikrein gene and another mouse kallikrein gene expressed in a distinct cell type. We find four sequence elements conserved between renal kallikrein genes from the two species. We have also shown that the human gene is localized to 19q13, a position analogous to that of the kallikrein gene family on mouse chromosome 7.
Online Optimization for Latency Assignment in Distributed Real-Time Systems (2008)

As distributed real-time applications gain in popularity, a key challenge is to allocate resources so that diverse real-time requirements (including non-real-time applications), distributed application components and varying workloads can all be accommodated without violating timeliness constraints. We examine the problem of resource allocation in distributed soft real-time systems, where both network and CPU resources are consumed. The timeliness constraints of applications are expressed through utility functions, which compute "benefit" as a function of end-to-end latency. We present LLA (Lagrangian Latency Assignment), a scalable and efficient distributed algorithm which maximizes aggregate utility by computing an optimal trade-off between end-to-end latency and allocated resources. The algorithm runs continuously and adapts to both workload and resource variations. LLA is guaranteed to converge if the workload and resource requirements stabilize. We evaluate the quality of results and convergence characteristics under various workloads, using both simulation and real-world experimentation.
High frequency of hypermethylation at the 14-3-3 σ locus leads to gene silencing in breast cancer (2000)

Expression of 14-3-3 final sigma (final sigma) is induced in response to DNA damage, and causes cells to arrest in G(2). By SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) analysis, we identified final sigma as a gene whose expression is 7-fold lower in breast carcinoma cells than in normal breast epithelium. We verified this finding by Northern blot analysis. Remarkably, final sigma mRNA was undetectable in 45 of 48 primary breast carcinomas. Genetic alterations at final sigma such as loss of heterozygosity were rare (1/20 informative cases), and no mutations were detected (0/34). On the other hand, hypermethylation of CpG islands in the final sigma gene was detected in 91% (75/82) of breast tumors and was associated with lack of gene expression. Hypermethylation of final sigma is functionally important, because treatment of final sigma-non-expressing breast cancer cell lines with the drug 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine resulted in demethylation of the gene and synthesis of final sigma mRNA. Breast cancer cells lacking final sigma expression showed increased number of chromosomal breaks and gaps when exposed to gamma-irradiation. Therefore, it is possible that loss of final sigma expression contributes to malignant transformation by impairing the G(2) cell cycle checkpoint function, thus allowing an accumulation of genetic defects. Hypermethylation and loss of final sigma expression are the most consistent molecular alterations in breast cancer identified so far.
Impact of Serum Biomarkers and Clinical Factors on Intensive Care Unit Mortality and 6-Month Outcome in Relatively Healthy Patients with Severe Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2014)

Patients with severe pneumonia and ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation experience high rates of ICU mortality or disability, even if they were quite healthy before. Initial appropriate antibiotics use and day 1 level of HMGB1 were independent factors for predicting ICU mortality. Day 1 albumin level was predictive of 6-month patient life dependence.
Specific attachment of Staphylococcus aureus to immobilized fibronectin (1986)

Staphylococcus aureus cells have been shown to possess surface-associated proteins with affinity for soluble fibronectin. We have investigated the ability of these surface proteins to mediate attachment to immobilized fibronectin and collagen. Attachment was quantified by determination of bacterial ATP in a bioluminescence assay. The ability to attach to fibronectin- or collagen-coated plastic surfaces was investigated for four S. aureus strains: Cowan 1, Newman, SA113(83A), and Wood 46. Cells from the different strains varied in their attachment properties, but all cells except those of strain Wood 46 attached readily to substrates coated with fibronectin. Only cells from strain Cowan 1 attached reproducibly to collagen-coated substrates in the absence of fibronectin. The attachment of cells from strain SA113(83A) to fibronectin-coated surfaces was shown to be dependent on time, fibronectin concentration, and bacterial growth phase. Soluble fibronectin or NH2-terminal fibronectin fragment (Mr, 29,000) disturbed the attachment to surfaces coated with fibronectin bound to denatured collagen type I. The attachment process to such substrates was also effectively inhibited by preincubating the substrate with fibronectin-binding proteins isolated from S. aureus Newman and SA113 (83A) and purified with affinity chromatography.
La política exterior en las elecciones presidenciales de EEUU después del “Super Martes” (2008)

Tras reducirse el número de candidatos después del “Super Martes”, los observadores podrán centrar más su atención a partir de ahora en lo que una presidencia de McCain, Clinton u Obama supondría en política exterior.&#13;\n&#13;\nDespués de casi un año de campaña política, las esperadísimas primarias del “Super Martes” han clarificado finalmente la competición por la elección presidencial. Las elecciones generales propiamente dichas no tendrán lugar hasta el 6 de noviembre, dentro de casi nueve meses, pero ya es seguro que el candidato republicano será el senador John McCain, y el candidato demócrata será o bien Hillary Rodham Clinton o Barak Obama. Al reducirse el número de candidatos, los observadores dentro y fuera de EEUU podrán prestar mayor atención a lo que significará la presidencia de McCain, Clinton u Obama en términos de política y especialmente en asuntos exteriores.
Partially reliable transport service (2002)

An analytic model is presented for a partially reliable transport protocol based on retransmissions. The model illustrates tradeoffs between two QoS parameters (delay and throughput), and various levels of reliability. The model predicts that the use of a reliable transport service when an application only needs a partially reliable one causes considerable throughput decreases and delay increases in lossy networks. On the other hand, over lossy networks, an unreliable transport service is unable to respect an application's loss tolerance. In lossy environments, partially reliable transport service avoids the extra cost of a reliable transport service, and, simultaneously, guarantees the minimal reliability that an application requires. A retransmission-based partially reliable transport service can be provided through either sender-based or receiver-based loss detection and recovery. Results show that both techniques provide almost identical reliability and delay. However, a sender-based approach provides better throughput than a receiver-based approach at high acknowledge loss rates.
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene (1998)

Mutations of the gene Lps selectively impede lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signal transduction in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice, rendering them resistant to endotoxin yet highly susceptible to Gram-negative infection. The codominant Lpsd allele of C3H/HeJ mice was shown to correspond to a missense mutation in the third exon of the Toll-like receptor-4 gene (Tlr4), predicted to replace proline with histidine at position 712 of the polypeptide chain. C57BL/10ScCr mice are homozygous for a null mutation of Tlr4. Thus, the mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane. Destructive mutations of Tlr4 predispose to the development of Gram-negative sepsis, leaving most aspects of immune function intact.
General Synthesis of Racemic Me2Si-Bridged Bis(indenyl) Zirconocene Complexes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTGeneral Synthesis of Racemic Me2Si-Bridged Bis(indenyl) Zirconocene ComplexesXingwang Zhang, Qingming Zhu, Ilia A. Guzei, and Richard F. JordanView Author Information Department of Chemistry The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 Department of Chemistry Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011 Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 33, 8093–8094Publication Date (Web):August 4, 2000Publication History Received21 March 2000Published online4 August 2000Published inissue 23 August 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001005zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001005zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views763Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Conformation,Coordination compounds,Ligands,Molecular structure,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts