gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal Performance of a Compact Two-phase Thermosyphon: Response to Evaporator Confinement and Transient Loads (1999)

This study investigates the effect of evaporator confinement on the performance of an enhanced microstructure based thermosyphon, that has shown very high heat transfer rates (upto 100 W/cm2). The enhanced structure used demonstrates almost 2.5 times increase in the heat transfer compared to a solid block of the same size. The top spacing between the microstructure and the cover of the evaporator was varied and its effect on heat transfer was studied. The results for the effect of sidewall spacing show that the influence of confinement on the boiling performance of the microstructure is negligible. Total blockage does deteriorate the performance at very high heat fluxes (40−70 W/cm2). However, a minute gap of the order 1.5−3 mm is sufficient to get to performance levels close to boiling in a large enclosure. The response of the confined setup was then studied under suddenly applied loads. This is of particular importance to practical applications where a sudden temperature excursion could be detrimental to electronics. The results show a very smooth transition from startup to steady state. No incipience excursion was observed in any of the runs.
Irreversible Site‐Specific Hydrazinolysis of Proteins by Use of Sortase (2014)

Sortase-mediated hydrazinolysis of proteins with hydrazine or its derivatives was developed for the production of recombinant protein hydrazides. This process provides an alternative approach for protein semisynthesis through the use of recombinant protein hydrazides as thioester surrogates. It also provides an alternative method for C-terminal modification of proteins with functional units as well as for the preparation of C-to-C fusion proteins.
Suppression of food intake by apolipoprotein A-IV is mediated through the central nervous system in rats. (1993)

The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the anorectic effect of apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV) after lipid feeding is mediated via the central nervous system. Infusion of 0.5 micrograms of apo A-IV into the third ventricle failed to suppress food intake. Higher doses (1 micrograms or higher) of apo A-IV infused into the third ventricle inhibited food intake in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, when apo A-I was infused into the third ventricle it had no effect on food intake. To further test the hypothesis that apo A-IV is an important factor controlling food intake, we administered goat anti-rat apo A-IV serum into the third ventricle of rats that were allowed food and water and lib. In all rats tested, this treatment resulted in enhanced food intake. In contrast, infusion of goat anti-rat apo A-IV serum failed to elicit such a response. Lastly, we determined the apo A-IV concentration in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid before and during active lipid absorption. Apo A-IV concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was about 1/20 that of plasma. Both serum and cerebrospinal fluid apo A-IV increased markedly as a result of feeding of lipid. In conclusion, we propose that apo A-IV may act centrally to control food intake.
High-Voltage Superionic Halide Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries (2020)

All-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSBs), considered to be potential next-generation energy storage devices, require solid electrolytes (SEs). Thiophosphate-based materials are popular, but these sulfides exhibit poor anodic stability and require specialty coatings on lithium metal oxide cathodes. Moreover, electrode designs aimed at high energy density are limited by their narrow electrochemical stability window. Here, we report new mixed-metal halide Li3–xM1–xZrxCl6 (M = Y, Er) SEs with high ionic conductivity—up to 1.4 mS cm–1 at 25 °C—that are stable to high voltage. Substitution of M (M = Y, Er) by Zr is accompanied by a trigonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition, and structure solution using combined neutron and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods reveal a new framework. The employment of >4 V-class cathode materials without any protective coating is enabled by the high electrochemical oxidation stability of these halides. An ASSB showcasing their electrolyte properties exhibits very promising cycling stability up to 4.5 V at room temperature.
Synthesis, characterization, and chemical reactivity of zirconium dihydride [(C5H4R)2Zr(.mu.-H)H]2 (R = SiMe3, CMe3). H/D exchange reactions of anionic species [(C5H4R)2ZrH2]-. X-ray crystal structure of [(C5H4SiMe3)2Zr(.mu.-H)H]2 (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and chemical reactivity of zirconium dihydride [(C5H4R)2Zr(.mu.-H)H]2 (R = SiMe3, CMe3). H/D exchange reactions of anionic species [(C5H4R)2ZrH2]-. X-ray crystal structure of [(C5H4SiMe3)2Zr(.mu.-H)H]2Anne Marie Larsonneur, Robert Choukroun, and Joel JaudCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 8, 3216–3224Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00032a050https://doi.org/10.1021/om00032a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Raman fiber amplifiers (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. M. Dianov, "Raman fiber amplifiers," in Optical Amplifiers and their Applications, S. Kinoshita, J. Livas, and G. van den Hoven, eds., Vol. 30 of Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper ThA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Activin B Promotes Initiation and Development of Hair Follicles in Mice (2013)

Activin B has been reported to promote the regeneration of hair follicles during wound healing. However, its role in the development and life cycle of hair follicles has not been elucidated. In our study, the effect of activin B on mouse hair follicles of cultured and neonatal mouse skin was investigated. In these models, PBS or activin B (5, 10 or 50 ng/ml) was applied, and hair follicle development was monitored. Hair follicle initiation and development was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, alkaline phosphatase activity staining, Oil Red O+ staining, and the detection of TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling cell apoptosis. Activin B was found to efficiently induce the initiation of hair follicles in the skin of both cultured and neonatal mice and to promote the development of hair follicles in neonatal mouse skin. Moreover, activin-B-treated hair follicles were observed to enter the anagen stage from the telogen stage and to remain in the anagen stage. These results demonstrate that activin B promotes the initiation and development of hair follicles in mice.
A normal coronary arteriogram in a very young man with Prinzmetal's variant angina: Case report with review of the literature. (1981)

The case of a very young man with Prinzmetal's variant angina and a normal coronary arteriogram is described. While in the hospital for diagnosis, he experienced severe chest pain accompanied by transient ST segment elevation. After intravenous administration of Ergonovine Maleate (0.4 mg), spastic obstruction of the right coronary artery was observed. He was treated successfully with nifedipine, and during 4 months of follow-up, he has had no symptoms. Because of the diagnostic interest in this type of angina in a young person, the literature on Prinzmetal's angina has also been reviewed.
Effects of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cells on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression (2000)

In Brief Objective To examine the effects of soluble factors secreted by human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cells on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expression. Methods Supernatants collected from cultured cervical biopsies and cervical cancer cell lines, and HPV-immortalized and normal keratinocytes were tested for the ability to induce HIV p24 production in two cell lines that contained latent HIV (the U1 monocytic line and the ACH-2 T cell line). Levels of HIV p24 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Culture supernatants were also assayed for the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin 1β by ELISA. Results Supernatants from all epithelial cells tested upregulated HIV p24 expression in the U1 line but not in the ACH-2 cells. Only differentiated normal keratinocytes induced p24 production by ACH-2 cells. Neutralization of the cytokines, particularly interleukin 6, partially reduced the level of HIV-inducing activity in the culture supernatants. Additionally, cervical biopsies from HIV-infected women cultured in vitro also were able to induce HIV in U1 cells but not ACH-2 cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that HPV infection of the cervix might influence HIV pathogenesis by inducing the production of immune and inflammatory factors that enhance HIV expression. Inflammatory cytokines produced by human papillomavirus-associated epithelial cells induced human immunodeficiency virus gene expression in monocytes.
The Secret Life of NAD+: An Old Metabolite Controlling New Metabolic Signaling Pathways (2010)

A century after the identification of a coenzymatic activity for NAD(+), NAD(+) metabolism has come into the spotlight again due to the potential therapeutic relevance of a set of enzymes whose activity is tightly regulated by the balance between the oxidized and reduced forms of this metabolite. In fact, the actions of NAD(+) have been extended from being an oxidoreductase cofactor for single enzymatic activities to acting as substrate for a wide range of proteins. These include NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, and transcription factors that affect a large array of cellular functions. Through these effects, NAD(+) provides a direct link between the cellular redox status and the control of signaling and transcriptional events. Of particular interest within the metabolic/endocrine arena are the recent results, which indicate that the regulation of these NAD(+)-dependent pathways may have a major contribution to oxidative metabolism and life span extension. In this review, we will provide an integrated view on: 1) the pathways that control NAD(+) production and cycling, as well as its cellular compartmentalization; 2) the signaling and transcriptional pathways controlled by NAD(+); and 3) novel data that show how modulation of NAD(+)-producing and -consuming pathways have a major physiological impact and hold promise for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease.
Biodegradable poly(D,L‐lactide) coating of implants for continuous release of growth factors (2001)

Local application of growth factors like insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) from a biodegradable thin layer of poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) coated implants could stimulate fracture healing. A new "cold coating technique" for metallic implants was established to produce a biodegradable coating with a high mechanical stability that provides a continuous release of incorporated growth factors. The properties of this bioactive coating were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed a coating thickness of in average 14.8 microm on titanium and 10.7 microm on steel wires. Intramedullary implantation and extraction experiments depicted a loss of PDLLA coating from titanium and steel implants of less than 5%. After explantation of the implants, the coating displayed a complete and regular layer without any defects of PDLLA uncovering the metallic surface. Smear tests demonstrate that the coating can be performed under sterile conditions. The PDLLA depicted a reduction of about 8% within 6 weeks in vitro and in vivo. The growth factors were incorporated in a stable form and demonstrated a loss of stability of less than 3% within 42 days and less than 5% within one year. In an elution experiment, 54% IGF-I and 48% TGF-beta1 were released within the first 48 h. After 42 days, 76% of IGF-I and 71% of TGF-beta1 were detected in the elution fluid by ELISA. Comparable results were obtained in the in vivo experiments after 42 days.
Application of the Biological Conjugate between Antibody and Colloid Au Nanoparticles as Analyte to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (2001)

This paper describes the study of atomization of nanoparticles by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and developes a novel nonisotopic immunoassay by coupling sandwich-type immunoreaction to ICPMS. The goat-anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) labeled with colloidal gold nanoparticles served as an analyte in ICPMS for the indirect measurement of rabbit-anti-human IgG. Matrix effect studies showed the gold signal was not sensitive to the organic matrix. A relatively good correlation (r2 = 0.9528) between the proposed method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been obtained. The method may have significant potential as an important ICPMS-based nonisotopic immnoassay method for the simultaneous determination of biologic analytes of interest by labeling different kinds of inorganic nanoparticles.
Impact of air exposure and surface chemistry on Li–Li7La3Zr2O12 interfacial resistance (2017)

Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) reacts with humid air; the most favorable reaction pathway involves protonation of LLZO and formation of Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. The air exposure-induced contamination layer impacts the Li–LLZO interfacial resistance.
The establishment of reference sequence for SARS‐CoV‐2 and variation analysis (2020)

Starting around December 2019, an epidemic of pneumonia, which was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, broke out in Wuhan, China, and is spreading throughout the world. A new coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses was soon found to be the cause. At present, the sensitivity of clinical nucleic acid detection is limited, and it is still unclear whether it is related to genetic variation. In this study, we retrieved 95 full-length genomic sequences of SARAS-CoV-2 strains from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and GISAID databases, established the reference sequence by conducting multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses, and analyzed sequence variations along the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The homology among all viral strains was generally high, among them, 99.99% (99.91%-100%) at the nucleotide level and 99.99% (99.79%-100%) at the amino acid level. Although overall variation in open-reading frame (ORF) regions is low, 13 variation sites in 1a, 1b, S, 3a, M, 8, and N regions were identified, among which positions nt28144 in ORF 8 and nt8782 in ORF 1a showed mutation rate of 30.53% (29/95) and 29.47% (28/95), respectively. These findings suggested that there may be selective mutations in SARS-COV-2, and it is necessary to avoid certain regions when designing primers and probes. Establishment of the reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 could benefit not only biological study of this virus but also diagnosis, clinical monitoring and intervention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the future.
Mass Spectrometry of Step-Growth Polymers (2005)

For at least two decades different mass spectrometric techniques have been applied for polymer analysis, including the qualitative determination of chemical compositions, end group identification, functionality type distribution and the determination of the cyclisation extend at each degree of polymerisation. Molecular weights exceeding 100 KDa are provable by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry. Further, molecular weight distributions are determined by MADLI-ToF. However, there are some hints that, there is a discrimination against higher molecular weight species in samples with polydispersity of more than 1.2. Furthermore, pathways for dendritic and hyper-branched polymers, supramolecular polymers and nano condensates are analysed by help of mass spectrometry.
Glass Waveguides By Ion Exchange: A Review (1985)

The process of ion exchange in relation to the fabrication of low loss integrated optical waveguides on glass is reviewed. Issues relating the exchanging species, glass constituency used, and fabrication to the pertinent waveguide parameters such as numerical aperture and loss are discussed, and guidelines for producing high quality waveguides are outlined.
The international classification of headache disorders, 2nd edn (ICDH-II) (2004)

Better classification of headache disorders enables better headache research, understanding of headache, communication, and, ultimately, management of a set of disabling neurological disorders.
Living Ziegler‐Natta Polymerizations: True or False? (2005)

Abstract Based on the recent literature, the synthesis of novel polyolefin architectures via Ziegler‐Natta chemistry under living conditions appears to be a promising and fast‐growing area. In this paper, the appropriateness of the term “living” as applied to the said context is discussed in mechanistic terms, and the potential and the limitations of the field are outlined with the aid of two paradigmatic case histories (i.e., propene polymerization in the presence of bis(phenoxy‐imine)Ti and bis(phenoxy‐amine)Zr catalysts).
Semantic Category Interference in Overt Picture Naming: Sharpening Current Density Localization by PCA (2002)

The study investigated the neuronal basis of the retrieval of words from the mental lexicon. The semantic category interference effect was used to locate lexical retrieval processes in time and space. This effect reflects the finding that, for overt naming, volunteers are slower when naming pictures out of a sequence of items from the same semantic category than from different categories. Participants named pictures blockwise either in the context of same- or mixed-category items while the brain response was registered using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Fifteen out of 20 participants showed longer response latencies in the same-category compared to the mixed-category condition. Event-related MEG signals for the participants demonstrating the interference effect were submitted to a current source density (CSD) analysis. As a new approach, a principal component analysis was applied to decompose the grand average CSD distribution into spatial subcomponents (factors). The spatial factor indicating left temporal activity revealed significantly different activation for the same-category compared to the mixed-category condition in the time window between 150 and 225 msec post picture onset. These findings indicate a major involvement of the left temporal cortex in the semantic interference effect. As this effect has been shown to take place at the level of lexical selection, the data suggest that the left temporal cortex supports processes of lexical retrieval during production.
A bacterial seek-and-destroy system for foreign DNA (2014)

Bacterial argonaute proteins defend the cell against exogenous DNA
A "public" T-helper epitope of the E7 transforming protein of human papillomavirus 16 provides cognate help for several E7 B-cell epitopes from cervical cancer-associated human papillomavirus genotypes. (1991)

We have identified a major T-cell epitope, amino acids 48-54 (DRAHYNI, in one-letter code) in the E7 open reading frame protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. Lymph node cells from mice immunized with synthetic peptides containing DRAHYNI proliferated and produced interleukin when challenged in vitro with peptide or whole HPV-16 E7 fusion protein. The T epitope was recognized in association with all five major histocompatibility complex class II I-A and I-E alleles tested. Synthetic peptides consisting of DRAHYNI linked to major B-cell epitopes on the E7 molecule formed immunogens capable of eliciting strong antibody responses to HPV-16 E7. The T epitope could provide help for the production of antibody to several B epitopes simultaneously, including a B epitope of HPV-18 E7 protein. Mice immunized with a peptide containing DRAHYNI and B epitope and, at a later date, infected with recombinant vaccinia E7 virus, displayed secondary antibody responses to E7. Because E7 has a role in cell transformation and is the most abundant viral protein in HPV-associated neoplastic cervical epithelial cells, the data have implications for vaccine strategies.
Interactive Ray Tracing on PCs (2002)

For almost two decades, researchers have argued that ray tracing will eventually become faster than the rasterization technique that completely dominates today's graphics hardware. However, this has not yet happened. Ray tracing is still almost exclusively being used for off-line rendering of photorealistic images. It is commonly believed that ray tracing is simply too costly to ever challenge rasterization-based algorithms for interactive use.In this chapter, we show that interactive ray tracing is indeed possible on commodity PCs. We first present a highly optimized ray tracer that improves performance by more than an order of magnitude compared to currently available ray tracers. The new algorithm makes better use of computational resources such as caches and SIMD instructions, and better exploits image and object space coherence. Secondly, we show that this software implementation can challenge and even outperform high-end graphics hardware in interactive rendering performance for complex environments.We also demonstrate how ray tracing can be made to work efficiently on a cluster of commodity PCs without shared memory. The same techniques that increased the speed of the ray tracing algorithms also helps to hide latency and reduce bandwidth for network communication in a distributed setup. Finally we show that the distributed ray tracing algorithm can handle highly complex models of tens of millions of polygons while still achieving interactive frame rates of up to ten frames per second on a small cluster of seven PCs.
Utilization and predictive value of laboratory tests in patients referred to rheumatologists by primary care physicians. (1998)

Primary care physicians frequently requested autoantibodies in patients referred to rheumatologists. Most tests were negative, and were often requested in patients without CTD, resulting in low positive predictive values and questionable clinical utility. These findings suggest inappropriate overuse and lack of understanding of the use of autoantibody tests in diagnosing rheumatic diseases. A decrease in inappropriate use could be achieved by emphasizing that fatigue and diffuse musculoskeletal pain are not indicative of CTD in the absence of other features such as joint swelling, typical rash, or organ involvement.