gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of half-metallic Heusler-based superlattices with vanishing net magnetization (2013)

Employing first-principles electronic structure calculations, we show that it is possible to achieve half-metallic antiferromagnetism in artificial superlattices based on Heusler compounds. Suitable alternation of full-Heusler compounds with more and less than 24 valence electrons in the unit cell results in superlattices with zero total spin magnetic moment keeping the half-metallic character of the initial compounds. We demonstrate it considering superlattices made up from Mn2TiGe (Mn2VGa) and Co2TiGe (Co2VGa) compounds, which have 22 and 26 valence electrons, respectively. Moreover, these compounds posses similar lattice constants and have been already grown as thin films making them promising for spintronics devices.
The swept frequency acoustic resonant interferometer: measurement of acoustic dispersion parameters in the low megahertz frequency range (1972)

The general principles of operation of the swept frequency acoustic resonant interferometer are outlined and its use for measurements of energy loss and velocity dispersion in the low megahertz frequency range discussed. A number of different variations on the design of the resonator are described. Data on a variety of chemically different systems are presented illustrating the range and versatility of the technique for measurement of samples with low acoustic losses.
Epidemiology of Lung Cancer: Looking to the Future (2005)

In the United States, the 20th century witnessed the emergence of a lung cancer epidemic that peaked and began to decline by the century's end, a decline that continues today. However, lung cancer continues to be an unabating pandemic. In research carried out over the last half of the 20th century, many factors were causally associated with lung cancer and studies were implemented to identify determinants of susceptibility to these factors. Cigarette smoking was identified as the single most predominant cause of the lung cancer epidemic, but other causes were found, including workplace agents (eg, asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, and radon) and other environmental factors (passive smoking, indoor radon, and air pollution). Contemporary epidemiologic research on lung cancer now focuses on a new set of issues, primarily related to susceptibility to the well-identified causal factors, particularly smoking, and on the consequences of changes in tobacco products for risks to smokers. Diet and the possibility of reducing risk through chemoprevention remain a focus of research emphasis through experimental and observational approaches. Questions have also been raised about possible differences in susceptibility to lung cancer by sex and race. Population patterns in smoking prevalence will continue to be the most powerful predictor of the future occurrence of lung cancer. Evaluation of recent US patterns in smoking prevalence indicates that for the next approximately 10 to 15 years, lung cancer rates will decrease, but will then level off starting in approximately 2030. Unless further reductions in the prevalence of cigarette smoking are achieved over the next decade, lung cancer will remain as an all too common, but avoidable, disease.
More von Willebrand factor type A domains? Sequence similarities with malaria thrombospondin-related anonymous protein, dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (1991)

Correspondence| November 01 1991 More von Willebrand factor type A domains? Sequence similarities with malaria thrombospondin-related anonymous protein, dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor P Bork; P Bork Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K Rohde K Rohde Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1991) 279 (3): 908–910. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2790908 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P Bork, K Rohde; More von Willebrand factor type A domains? Sequence similarities with malaria thrombospondin-related anonymous protein, dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor. Biochem J 1 November 1991; 279 (3): 908–910. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2790908 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 The Biochemical Society, London1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Transformation of Dibenzo- p -Dioxin by Pseudomonas sp. Strain HH69 (1990)

Dibenzo-p-dioxin was oxidatively cleaved by the dibenzofuran-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain HH69 to produce minor amounts of 1-hydroxydibenzo-p-dioxin and catechol, while a 2-phenoxy derivative of muconic acid was formed as the major product. Upon acidic methylation, the latter yielded the dimethylester of cis, trans-2-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)-muconic acid.
Tumor-targeted delivery of biologically active TRAIL protein (2010)

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent inducer of tumor cell apoptosis, but concerns of considerable liver toxicity limit its uses in human cancer therapy. Here, we show that i.v. injected Escherichia coli DH5alpha (E. coli DH5alpha) specifically replicates in solid tumors and metastases in live animals. E. coli DH5alpha does not enter tumor cells and suits for being the vector for soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL), which induces apoptosis by activating cell-surface death receptors. With the high 'tumor-targeting' nature, we demonstrate that intratumoral (i.t.) and intravenous injection of sTRAIL-expressing E. coli DH5alpha results in the tumor-targeted release of biologically active molecules, which leads to a dramatic reduction in the tumor growth rate and the prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. TRAIL delivery by E. coli DH5alpha did not cause any detectable toxicity to any organs, suggesting that E. coli DH5alpha-delivered sTRAIL protein therapy may provide a feasible and effective form of treatment for solid tumors.
Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Candidemia (1993)

A PCR assay was developed for the diagnosis of candidemia. Primers were selected to amplify a 158-bp segment from the Candida actin gene that was detected by hybridization with a 32P-labeled oligomer probe. The lower limit of detection was DNA extracted from 10 Candida yeasts/sample, or 25 fg of purified Candida albicans DNA. This PCR was specific for medically important Candida species. Circulating Candida DNA was detected by this PCR from plasma of mice with induced candidemia and from sera in 11 (79%) of 14 patients with blood cultures positive for Candida species. This PCR may offer a sensitive method for diagnosis of candidemia.
Passive optical subscriber loops with multiaccess (1989)

Deployment of optical fiber in the subscriber loop may eventually lead to a full-scale deployment of the broadband network. A network architecture that can be introduced inexpensively to meet the near-term demand and upgraded smoothly to support future needs is desired. The feasibility of applying multiaccess architectures to subscriber loops is studied, and five architectures for passive optical subscriber loops that meet this need are presented. All of these architectures use a double-star topology and dense wavelength division multiplexing in the downstream direction; however, various topologies and multiaccess techniques are used in the upstream direction. Limitations on node size, frame synchronization, cost, privacy and security, and standards are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
IBM second-generation RISC machine organization (2003)

A highly concurrent second-generation RISC (reduced-instruction-set computer) that combines a powerful RISC architecture with sophisticated hardware design techniques to achieve a short cycle time and a low cycles-per-instruction (CPI) ratio is described. Like earlier RISC processors, this design uses a register-oriented instruction set, the CPU is hardwired rather than microcoded, and it features a pipelined implementation. Unlike earlier RISC processors, however, several advanced architectural and implementation features are used, including separate instruction and data caches, zero-cycle branches, multiple-instruction dispatch, and simultaneous execution of fixed- and floating-point instructions. The CPU has a four-word data bus to main memory, a four-word instruction-fetch bus from the I-cache arrays, and a two-word data bus between the D-cache and floating-point unit. The CPU has a full 64-b floating-point engine, and thirty-two 64-b floating point registers in addition to thirty-two 32-b fixed-point registers. In a single cycle, four instructions can be executed simultaneously.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Is Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation Clinically Relevant in the Era of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors? (2001)

These data provide further support for the clinical relevance of autologous SM cell transplantation in that its cardioprotective effects are additive to those observed with ACE inhibitors.
Research on natural-language processing (1982)

Research on natural-language processing at SRI spans a broad spectrum of activity. Two of our major current efforts are a pair of research projects under the sponsorship of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The TEAM project is intended to provide natural-language access to large databases via systems that are easily adaptable to a wide range of new application domains. The KLAUS project is a longer-range effort to address basic research problems in natural-language semantics, commonsense reasoning, and the pragmatics of natural-language communication. These two projects share a common core-language-processing system called DIALOGIC.
Microflora of Alimentary Tract of Cats (1971)

SUMMARY The gastrointestinal microflora was identified and quantitated in suckling kittens and in adult cats fed either a conventional feline ration or a chemically defined, elemental ration. Streptococci, enterococci, coliforms, and lactobacilli were the predominant varieties in the microflora. The different rations were not associated with significant changes in the microfloral populations or patterns of distribution within the gastrointestinal tract.
Coupled-Wave Theory of Distributed Feedback Lasers (1972)

An analysis of laser action in a periodic structure is presented. A model of two counter-running waves coupled by backward Bragg scattering is used. The resonant frequencies and threshold criteria for the modes of oscillation have been determined for both index and gain periodicities. Analytical approximations are given for both the high- and low-gain cases, and computational results for the intermediate regimes.
Feedback Mechanisms Promote Cooperativity for Small Molecule Inhibitors of Epidermal and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptors (2008)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) can cooperate to regulate tumor growth and survival, and synergistic growth inhibition has been reported for combined blockade of EGFR and IGF-IR. However, in preclinical models, only a subset of tumors exhibit high sensitivity to this combination, highlighting the potential need for patient selection to optimize clinical efficacy. Herein, we have characterized the molecular basis for cooperative growth inhibition upon dual EGFR and IGF-IR blockade and provide biomarkers that seem to differentiate response. We find for epithelial, but not for mesenchymal-like, tumor cells that Akt is controlled cooperatively by EGFR and IGF-IR. This correlates with synergistic apoptosis and growth inhibition in vitro and growth regression in vivo upon combined blockade of both receptors. We identified two molecular aspects contributing to synergy: (a) inhibition of EGFR or IGF-IR individually promotes activation of the reciprocal receptor; (b) inhibition of EGFR-directed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) shifts regulation of Akt from EGFR toward IGF-IR. Targeting the MAPK pathway through downstream MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) antagonism similarly promoted IGF-driven pAkt and synergism with IGF-IR inhibition. Mechanistically, we find that inhibition of the MAPK pathway circumvents a negative feedback loop imposed on the IGF-IR- insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) signaling complex, a molecular scenario that parallels the negative feedback loop between mTOR-p70S6K and IRS-1 that mediates rapamycin-directed IGF-IR signaling. Collectively, these data show that resistance to inhibition of MEK, mTOR, and EGFR is associated with enhanced IGF-IR-directed Akt signaling, where all affect feedback loops converging at the level of IRS-1.
ERK1 and ERK2, two microtubule-associated protein 2 kinases, mediate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine-31 in situ. (1992)

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is phosphorylated at four sites in situ and in vivo, and the protein kinases that phosphorylate three of these sites (Ser8,Ser19,Ser40) have been identified. In intact cells, the phosphorylation of the fourth site (Ser31) is increased in response to phorbol esters or nerve growth factor (NGF). Here, we show that Ser31 is phosphorylated by ERK1 and ERK2, two myelin basic protein and microtubule-associated protein kinases. Extracts of NGF- or bradykinin-treated PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells were fractionated on Mono Q columns. Protein kinase activity toward Ser31 in TH was present in two peaks corresponding to myelin basic protein kinase activities previously identified as ERK1 and ERK2. Phosphorylation of purified TH in vitro by both kinases was selective for Ser31 up to at least 0.6 mol of phosphate per mol of TH subunit. Treatment of intact PC12 cells with bradykinin or NGF increased both the phosphorylation of TH-Ser31 in situ and the catalytic activity of ERKs (measured subsequently in vitro with myelin basic protein as substrate). Pretreatment of the cells with genistein (a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor) decreased the bradykinin- but not the NGF-induced changes in both TH-Ser31 phosphorylation and ERK activity. Genistein also inhibited the increases in Ser31 phosphorylation produced by phorbol dibutyrate, muscarine, and Ba2+. The data indicate that ERK activity is responsible for phosphorylating TH at Ser31 in intact cells and suggest that TH-Ser31 phosphorylation may be regulated by multiple signaling pathways that converge at or prior to the activation of the ERKs.
Hybrid multi-mode/single-mode waveguides for low loss (2004)

We have demonstrated a technique for achieving low loss in silicon waveguides by using wide sections in the straight paths with narrow sections in the turns. The overall loss achieved was approximately 0.3 dB/cm.
Chronic fatigue syndrome and/or fibromyalgia as a variation of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (1999)

Chronic Fatigue and/or Fibromyalgia have long been diseases without definition. An explanatory model of coagulation activation has been demonstrated through use of the ISAC panel of five tests, including, Fibrinogen, Prothrombin Fragment 1+2, Thrombin/ AntiThrombin Complexes, Soluble Fibrin Monomer, and Platelet Activation by flow cytometry. These tests show low level coagulation activation from immunoglobulins (Igs) as demonstrated by Anti-B2GPI antibodies, which allows classification of these diseases as a type of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. The ISAC panel allows testing for diagnosis as well as monitoring for anticoagulation protocols in these patients.
High-Frequency Stimulation Selectively Blocks Different Types of Fibers in Frog Sciatic Nerve (2011)

Conduction block using high-frequency alternating current (HFAC) stimulation has been shown to reversibly block conduction through various nerves. However, unlike simulations and experiments on myelinated fibers, prior experimental work in our lab on the sea-slug, Aplysia, found a nonmonotonic relationship between frequency and blocking thresholds in the unmyelinated fibers. To resolve this discrepancy, we investigated the effect of HFAC waveforms on the compound action potential of the sciatic nerve of frogs. Maximal stimulation of the nerve produces a compound action potential consisting of the A-fiber and C-fiber components corresponding to the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers' response. In our study, HFAC waveforms were found to induce reversible block in the A-fibers and C-fibers for frequencies in the range of 5-50 kHz and for amplitudes from 0.1-1 mA. Although the A-fibers demonstrated the monotonically increasing threshold behavior observed in published literature, the C-fibers displayed a nonmonotonic relationship, analogous to that observed in the unmyelinated fibers of Aplysia. This differential blocking behavior observed in myelinated and unmyelinated fibers during application of HFAC waveforms has diverse implications for the fields of selective stimulation and pain management.
Stability of omeprazole in an extemporaneously prepared oral liquid (1997)

The stability of omeprazole 2 mg/mL. in an extemporaneously prepared oral liquid was studied. The contents of five 20-mg omeprazole capsules were mixed with 50 mL of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate solution in a Luer-Lok syringe. Three vials of this liquid were prepared for storage at 24, 5, and -20 degrees C. A 3-mL. sample of each was taken initially and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18, 22, 26, and 30 and assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The liquids stored at 5 degrees C and at -20 degrees C did not change color during the study period, but the color of the liquid stored at 24 degrees C changed from white to brown. There were no significant changes in the omeprazole concentrations of the liquids stored at 5 and -20 degrees C during the study period, but the omeprazole concentration of the liquid stored at 24 degrees C was < 90% of the initial concentration on day 18. Omeprazole 2 mg/mL in an oral liquid compounded extemporaneously from capsules and sodium bicarbonate injection was stable for up to 14 days at 24 degrees C and for up to 30 days at 5 and -20 degrees C.
Protein composition of human epididymosomes collected during surgical vasectomy reversal: a proteomic and genomic approach (2008)

Epididymosomes thus transit along the excurrent duct, and vesicles collected distally represent a mixed population.
Enhanced Photosynthetic Performance and Growth as a Consequence of Decreasing Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase Activity in Transgenic Tomato Plants (2005)

Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants expressing a fragment of the mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase gene in the antisense orientation and exhibiting reduced activity of this isoform of malate dehydrogenase show enhanced photosynthetic activity and aerial growth under atmospheric conditions (360 ppm CO2). In comparison to wild-type plants, carbon dioxide assimilation rates and total plant dry matter were up to 11% and 19% enhanced in the transgenics, when assessed on a whole-plant basis. Accumulation of carbohydrates and redox-related compounds such as ascorbate was also markedly elevated in the transgenics. Also increased in the transgenic plants was the capacity to use L-galactono-lactone, the terminal precursor of ascorbate biosynthesis, as a respiratory substrate. Experiments in which ascorbate was fed to isolated leaf discs also resulted in increased rates of photosynthesis providing strong indication for an ascorbate-mediated link between the energy-generating processes of respiration and photosynthesis. This report thus shows that the repression of this mitochondrially localized enzyme improves both carbon assimilation and aerial growth in a crop species.
2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as antifolates and antimalarials. 2. Synthesis of 2,4-diaminopyrido[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines and 2,4-diamino-8H-thiopyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as antifolates and antimalarials. 2. Synthesis of 2,4-diaminopyrido[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines and 2,4-diamino-8H-thiopyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinesM. Chaykovsky, M. Lin, A. Rosowsky, and E. J. ModestCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 3, 188–191Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00261a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00261a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surfactant and the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (1993)

ARDS includes a complex series of events leading to alveolar damage, high permeability pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. The endogenous pulmonary surfactant system is crucial to maintaining normal lung function, and only recently has it been appreciated that alterations in the surfactant system significantly contributed to the pathophysiology of the lung injury of patients with ARDS. Through a combination of analyzing BAL samples from patients with ARDS and extensive animal studies, there have been significant insights into the variety of surfactant abnormalities that can occur in injured lungs. These include altered surfactant composition and pool sizes, abnormal surfactant metabolism, and inactivation of alveolar surfactant by serum proteins present within the airspace. Positive effects of exogenous surfactant administration on acute lung injury have been reported. There is now a prospective, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of aerosolized exogenous surfactant in patients with ARDS. This trial has demonstrated improvements in gas exchange and a trend toward decreased mortality in response to the surfactant. Despite these encouraging results, there are multiple factors requiring further investigation in the development of optimal surfactant treatment strategies for patients with ARDS. Such factors include the development of optimal surfactant delivery techniques, determining the ideal time for surfactant administration during the course of injury, and the development of optimal exogenous surfactant preparations that will be used to treat these patients. With further clinical trials and continued research efforts, exogenous surfactant administration should play a useful role in the future therapeutic approach to patients with ARDS.