gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukaemia in first chronic phase: importance of a graft‐versus‐leukaemia effect (1988)

We analysed the incidence of graft failure, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and relapse of leukaemia in 208 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase in eight transplant centres in Europe and the United States. 106 patients received unmanipulated donor bone marrow (Group 1) and 102 patients received marrow depleted of T-cells by incubation with the monoclonal antibodies Campath-1 or CT-2 and complement (Group 2). The incidence of graft failure was higher and of GVHD was lower in Group 2 than in Group 1. Relapse of leukaemia occurred more frequently in patients in Group 2 than in Group 1 (17 v. 2, P less than 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the following factors were associated with an increased risk of relapse: the use of T-cell depletion, the absence of GVHD and a high platelet count at the time of admission for transplant. The findings support the concept that a graft-versus-leukaemia effect mediated by T-lymphocytes is important for cure of leukaemia after BMT.
Immunoaccessible peptide sequences of the major outer membrane protein from Chlamydia trachomatis serovar C (1990)

The antigenicity of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar C was assessed by using overlapping hexapeptide homologs of serovar C major outer membrane protein and rabbit antisera in a peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Five immunogenic sites were found distributed within variable sequences of the protein: four were immunodominant and three were surface exposed on native elementary bodies of serovar C. None was surface exposed on serovars H, I, and J.
Asymmetric Synthesis of MK-0499 (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Synthesis of MK-0499David M. Tschaen, Lee Abramson, Dongwei Cai, Richard Desmond, Ulf-H. Dolling, Lisa Frey, Sandor Karady, Yao-Jun Shi, and Thomas R. VerhoevenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 14, 4324–4330Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00119a008Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1876Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (875 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controversial Study Finds an Unexpected Source of Oocytes (2005)

Scientists have made some surprising claims about bone marrow and blood cells in the last few years, but this week brings perhaps the most surprising of all: that cells in the bone marrow and blood are a source of developing oocytes found in the ovaries. If true, this work in mice would rewrite the current understanding of the female reproductive system. It could also open new discussions about the ethics and potential consequences of bone marrow and even blood donation.
ANATOMICAL STUDIES OF THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK OF THE NORMAL HUMAN EYE (1956)

to the surface of the cornea, and inter-connected by scattered oblique anastomoses. Owing to the triangular shape of an antero-posterior section of the meshwork, only two or three trabecular layers are seen close to Descemet's membrane, whereas fifteen to twenty are present near the scleral spur. Rochon-Duvigneaud (1893) described the proximal part of each layer as resembling a perforated plaque. Asayama(I901) agreed with this description; it is of interest to note that he suggested the possible value of studying and comparing the permeability of the meshwork on July 23,
Glucose-dehydrogenase-mediated Solute Transport and ATP Synthesis in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (1987)

SUMMARY: Evidence is presented that in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus oxidation of glucose to gluconate by the periplasmic quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.17) leads to energy conservation. Membrane vesicles prepared from cells grown in carbon-limited chemostat culture exhibited (1) a high rate of glucose-dependent oxygen consumption and gluconate production, (2) glucose-mediated cytochrome reduction, (3) uncoupler sensitive, glucose-dependent generation of a membrane potential and (4) glucose-driven accumulation of amino acids. Furthermore, oxidation of glucose to gluconate by whole cells was associated with ATP synthesis. These results confirm and extend previous observations that periplasmic glucose oxidation can act as a driving force for energy-requiring processes. It is therefore concluded that the incomplete oxidation of glucose by bacteria may serve as an auxiliary energy-generating system.
The roles of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and met receptor in human cancers (Review). (1998)

The protein product of c-met proto-oncogene, Met, is a tyrosine kinase receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), also known as the scatter factor (SF). HGF/SF-Met signaling has multifunctional effects on mammalian cells. These include stimulation or inhibition of cellular proliferation, promotion of cell movement, invasion into extracellular matrix, and induction of glandular/tubular morphogenesis by epithelial cells. There is a substantial body of experimental evidence that supports the oncogenic role of HGF/SF-Met signaling pathways. This is putatively mediated by autocrine or paracrine mechanisms that promote tumor cell growth, invasion and angiogenesis. We review the evidence that HGF/SF and Met receptor play significant roles in the pathogenesis and biology of human cancers.
Pathogen inactivation (2013)

In recent years, an increase in the use of pathogen inactivation technologies for plasma and platelets has been observed. Their routine use in addition to experience generated in controlled clinical trials confirms that the treated blood components meet the required efficacy and safety criteria. Differences in epidemiology between countries, infectious risk perception, concerns about potential adverse effects associated with its use, and economic considerations of national blood systems might explain the differences observed in its implementation.
A comparison of the pattern of liver involvement in dengue hemorrhagic fever with classic dengue fever. (2000)

The impact of dengue on liver function was studied on fifty serologically confirmed dengue cases admitted to Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM). Twenty-five of these patients had classic dengue fever (DF) and 25 had grade 1 or 2 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). There were more (60%) DHF patients with hepatomegaly compared to DF (40%) but the difference was not statistically significant. Analysis of the liver profile showed that liver dysfunction was commoner in DHF compared to DF, indicating that the degree of liver impairment may be related to the severity of DHF. Hyperbilirubinemia was noted in 3 (12%) DHF and 2 (8%) DF patients. The mean (range) serum bilirubin was higher in DHF [14.2(5-50) micromol/l] compared to DF [10.9(5-30) micromol/l)] (p > 0.05). Elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed more frequently in DHF (20 and 12 patients respectively) compared to DF (16 and 8 patients respectively). Nine (36%) DHF and 6 (24%) DF patients had concomitant elevation of ALT and ALP levels. The mean (range) serum ALT levels were 109.3(23-325) U/l in DHF and 90.8(13-352) U/l in DF (p > 0.05). The mean (range) serum ALP levels were 102.2(15-319) U/l in DHF and 93.3(34-258) U/l in DF (p > 0.05). The ALT and ALP levels were significantly higher in DHF patients with spontaneous bleeding than those without bleeding (p < 0.05) None of the patients developed fulminant hepatitis. The immunoregulatory cells, which include the T (CD3), B (CD 19), CD4, CD8, CD5 and natural killer (NK) cells were significantly lower in DHF compared to DF patients (p < 0.05). However, the reduction in these cell counts did not correlate with the liver dysfunction seen in DHF patients. In conclusion, hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction were commoner in DHF compared to DF.
Communications receivers: principles and design (1988)

For professional-level information, this classic work has long been considered the definitive guide to both theory and design of all types of communications receivers including shortwave, military, broadcast, and direction-finding.Now the new edition builds on the reputation of its best-selling predecessor. Completely revised throughout, it features the latest advances in cellular and digital systems ... basic discussions of selectivity and dynamic range ... specifics on design approaches, circuitry, and components ... details on the use of microprocessors and logic devices ... coverage of special modes such as pulse and data ... and more.
Identification and functional studies of a specific peptide YY- preferring receptor in dog adipocytes (1992)

Specific binding sites for peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) as well as functional responses were identified in dog adipocytes. Studies were carried out using the radioligand [125I-Tyr1]monoiodo-PYY on crude adipocyte membranes. [125I]PYY bound to dog adipocyte membranes with a high affinity (156 +/- 24 pM) and binding capacity of 314 +/- 48 fmol/mg protein. Competition studies revealed a higher affinity of the binding sites for PYY than NPY (inhibition constants were 118 +/- 17 pM and 300 +/- 53 pM, respectively, P < or = 0.001). NPY analogs displaced [125I]PYY specific binding with the following order of potency: NPY-(13-36) > NPY-(18-36) > NPY-(22-36) >> [Leu31-Pro34]NPY. Neither adrenergic nor adenosine agents (activating or inhibiting other antilipolytic systems) interacted with [125I]PYY binding sites. So [125I]PYY binding was specific, saturable, and reversible. Lipolysis experiments performed with PYY, NPY, and NPY analogs confirm the relative order of potency found in competition experiments. The data agree with the definition of PYY-preferring receptor which resembles a Y2 receptor subtype since NPY-(13-36), a specific Y2 receptor agonist, inhibited binding and lipolysis in a similar way to PYY, whereas [Leu31-Pro34]NPY did not. No difference was observed in the antilipolytic response between IC50 values measured on omental, perirenal, and subcutaneous fat deposits. Moreover, PYY and NPY (10(-6) M) significantly attenuated forskolin-stimulated cAMP levels, involving inhibition of adenylyl cyclase as a transmembrane signaling mechanism. Cross-linking of bound [125I]PYY to membranes indicated that the mol wt of the receptor was 62K. The relative importance of such a receptor on fat cells alongside another powerful antilipolytic receptor—the alpha 2-adrenoceptor—is discussed.
Imaging the irradiance distribution in the optical near field (1997)

This letter describes the use of a sensitive photoresist for direct imaging of optical intensity profiles in near-field photolithographic experiments. A comparison between experimental patterns in exposed, developed photoresist and calculated profiles of intensity shows that this procedure provides a reliable semiquantitative image of the irradiance distribution in the near field; experiment and theory correlate adequately. A potential use of the superficial diffraction contrast recorded in photoresist as the basis for a new method of the fabrication of nanostructures is discussed.
Polyfunctional cytokines : IL-6 and LIF (1992)

Partial table of contents: The Molecular Biology of Interleukin 6 and Its Receptor (T. Kishimoto, et al.). The Action of Interleukin 6 on Lymphoid Populations (L. Aarden & C. van Kooten). Further Studies of the Distribution of CDF/LIF mRNA (P. Patterson & M.-J. Fann). Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Bone Cell Function (T. Martin, et al.). The Role of Interleukin 6 in Plasmacytomagenesis (T. Hirano, et al.). Distribution and Binding Properties of Receptors for Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (D. Hilton, et al.). Reconstitution of High Affinity Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Receptors in Hemopoietic Cells Transfected with the Cloned Human LIF Receptor (D. Gearing, et al.). Indexes.
Phase Only Liquid Crystal Light Modulator And Its Application In The Fourier Plane Of Optical Correlation Systems (1989)

It has been shown theoretically that optical correlation systems which use phase only filters are capable of producing sharp correlation peaks and good discrimination between different input objects, whilst at the same time having high optical efficiency. In addition to this, the resolution required in the filter plane is very much lower than that required for an equivalent conventional Van der Lugt correlator using a matched filter which has been made holographically. Here, we describe a flexible phase only filter implemented using a special-purpose liquid crystal spatial light modulator, and present results which demonstrate how it can be applied in optical correlation systems.
High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibodies to PED/PEA-15 Generated Using 5 μg of DNA (2000)

Class-switched, affinity-matured murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) producing cell lines reactive with PED/PEA-15 were generated and isolated in less than 4 weeks following polynucleotide immunizations using only 5 microg of DNA in conjunction with the Powderject gene gun. Somatic fusions of peripheral lymph node cells were performed 13 days after initiating delivery of DNA encoding the target antigen. The data presented demonstrates the rapid production, identification, and characterization of class-switched, affinity-matured MAbs that bind PED/PEA-15. The reported strategy enabled the rapid development of MAbs that are useful in enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, and immunoprecipitations.
A Transcriptionally Active Form of GAL4 Is Phosphorylated and Associated with GAL80 (1992)

The GAL4 activator and GAL80 repressor proteins regulate the expression of yeast genes in response to galactose. A complex of the two proteins isolated from glucose-grown cells is inactive in an in vitro transcription reaction but binds DNA and blocks activation by the GAL4-VP16 chimeric activator. The complex purified from galactose-grown cells contains a mixture of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of GAL4. The galactose-induced form of GAL4 activates in vitro transcription to levels similar to those seen with GAL4-VP16. The induced GAL4 complex is indistinguishable in size and apparent shape from the uninduced complex, consistent with a continued association with GAL80. These results confirm in vivo analyses that correlate GAL4 phosphorylation with galactose induction and support a model of transcriptional activation that does not require GAL80 dissociation.
Adrenergic receptor activated ion transport in human fetal retinal pigment epithelium. (2001)

The results provide evidence for two apical membrane adrenergic receptors, alpha(1) and ss, activated by epinephrine and isoproterenol, respectively. The membrane voltage and resistance changes produced by these two agonists mimic those produced by elevating [Ca(2+)](i) and [cAMP](i), suggesting that these ubiquitous signaling molecules activate separate basolateral membrane Cl channels inhibited by DIDS and NPPB, respectively. These two receptors, the apical membrane NaK2Cl cotransporters and the basolateral membrane Cl channels form a complex of proteins that help mediate fluid absorption across human RPE.
Nitric Oxide-induced Apoptosis in RAW 264.7 Macrophages Is Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Involving ATF6 and CHOP (2002)

Excess nitric oxide (NO) induces apoptosis in some cell types including macrophages; however, the cascade of NO-mediated apoptosis is not fully understood. We investigated the initial steps of NO-mediated apoptosis in mouse macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. When cells were treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), NO-mediated apoptosis occurred. Under these conditions, p53 accumulation was not observed, indicating that DNA damage is not the main trigger of NO-mediated apoptosis. On the other hand, mRNA and protein for CHOP, a transcription factor known to be induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, were induced. The CHOP induction by LPS/IFN-gamma treatment preceded cytochrome c release from mitochondria. In addition, p90ATF6, an ER membrane-bound transcription factor involved in ER stress response, was cleaved to its active soluble form p50ATF6, which was transported to nucleus and bound to the ER stress response element of the CHOP gene. In the luciferase reporter assay, both the CHOP-binding element of the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat and ER stress response element of the CHOP gene were activated by LPS/IFN-gamma treatment. When RAW 264.7 cells or COS-7 cells were transfected with expression plasmids for CHOP, p90ATF6, or p50ATF6, cell death was observed. In addition, apoptosis induced by p50ATF6 was prevented by a CHOP dominant negative form as well as by an ATF6 dominant negative form, and LPS/IFN-gamma-induced apoptosis was prevented by the CHOP dominant negative form. Peritoneal macrophages from CHOP knockout mice showed resistance to NO-induced apoptosis. These results indicate that the ER stress pathway involving ATF6 and CHOP plays a key role in NO-mediated apoptosis in macrophages.
Tough epoxy resins cured with aminimides (1988)

Abstract Aminimide compounds ( 1–4 ) thermally generating isocyanates and tertiary amines were found to be excellent curing agents for epoxy resin. Tensile behavior, glass transition temperature, and degree of curing for the combination of EPIKOTE 828 prepolymer with a series of curing agents ( 1–4 ) are reported. The resins exhibit a large elongation at breakage and a high fracture energy per unit volume. The epoxy resins (EP‐AI) cured with 3 or 4 containing no hydroxyl group showed larger ultimate elongations (up to 15%) and higher fracture energies (ca. 8 J/cm 3 ) than the resins (EP–AI OH ) cured with 1 or 2 . The curing reaction depends on the structure of aminimide (presence of hydroxyl group and generation of mono‐ or bisisocyanates). The origin of toughness and dependence of physical properties on the curing condition and the structure of aminimides were discussed. It was concluded that relatively slow curing at elevated temperature controlled by thermal decomposition of aminimides was a reason for the toughness.
Immunoregulatory activity in human decidua. (1990)

The immunoregulatory factor(s) that suppresses normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) function was extracted from the decidua of pregnant women (8-13 weeks). Compared with extracts from the proliferative endometrium, the decidual extracts from fresh surgical specimens markedly inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation by PBM in response to T-cell mitogens. The majority of the lymphocyte-inhibitory activity was found to be associated with a material of large molecular weight in the decidua, as estimated by Sephadex G-200 filtration. Immunoelectrophoretic analysis followed by Sepharose 4B-anti-human IgG affinity chromatography of the fraction having the inhibitory activity revealed the causative factor to be most likely IgG or a substance copurified with IgG. The results are discussed with respect to a possible role of IgG in a localized non-specific suppressor mechanism in the decidua preventing maternal immunologic attack on the fetal allograft.
Upregulation of ligand, receptor system, and amidating activity of adrenomedullin in left ventricular hypertrophy of severely hypertensive rats (2003)

These results suggest that cardiac AM system is upregulated in the hypertrophied heart in this hypertension model. Considering that AM acts as an anti-remodeling autocrine and/or paracrine factor, upregulation of the AM system may modulate the pathophysiology in LV hypertrophy.
IL-15 and Cognate Antigen Successfully Expand De Novo-Induced Human Antigen-Specific Regulatory CD4+ T Cells That Require Antigen-Specific Activation for Suppression (2003)

An important prerequisite in using regulatory T cells for immunotherapy is their ex vivo expansion without loss of suppressor function. Human anergic regulatory T cells are expandable by Ag-specific stimulation in the presence of IL-2. IL-15, like IL-2, is a T cell growth factor that, in contrast to IL-2, stimulates survival of T cells. In this study, we examined whether IL-15 could be exploited as a superior growth factor of human CD4(+) anergic regulatory T cells that were generated by costimulation blockade. Next, IL-15, as compared with IL-2, was investigated with respect to expansion and function of these regulatory T cells. Optimal expansion required cognate allogeneic stimulation in the presence of exogenous IL-15. IL-15 resulted in enhanced survival that was paralleled by an increased number of Bcl-2-expressing cells. Moreover, IL-15 induced a distinct type of anergy characterized by hyperreactivity to IL-15, resulting in improved expansion. This is likely attributed to increased propensity of these cells to up-regulate both alpha- and gamma-chains of the IL-2 and IL-15 receptor. Notably, IL-15-expanded regulatory CD4(+) T cells suppressed both naive and memory T cells in a superior way. Immunosuppression required alloantigen-specific stimulation and appeared gamma-irradiation resistant and independent of IL-10, TGFbeta, or CTLA-4 interactions. These regulatory T cells were stable suppressors, mediating bystander suppression upon TCR stimulation, but leaving recall responses unaffected in the absence of cognate Ag. Finally, human naturally occurring regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells appeared important in generating regulatory T cells by costimulation blockade. In conclusion, IL-15-expanded, de novo-induced human anergic regulatory CD4(+) T cells are of interest in Ag-specific immunotherapy.
In vivo derivation of glucose-competent pancreatic endocrine cells from bone marrow without evidence of cell fusion (2003)

Bone marrow harbors cells that have the capacity to differentiate into cells of nonhematopoietic tissues of neuronal, endothelial, epithelial, and muscular phenotype. Here we demonstrate that bone marrow–derived cells populate pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Bone marrow cells from male mice that express, using a CRE-LoxP system, an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) if the insulin gene is actively transcribed were transplanted into lethally irradiated recipient female mice. Four to six weeks after transplantation, recipient mice revealed Y chromosome and EGFP double-positive cells in their pancreatic islets. Neither bone marrow cells nor circulating peripheral blood nucleated cells of donor or recipient mice had any detectable EGFP. EGFP-positive cells purified from islets express insulin, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and transcription factors typically found in pancreatic β cells. Furthermore, in vitro these bone marrow–derived cells exhibit — as do pancreatic β cells — glucose-dependent and incretin-enhanced insulin secretion. These results indicate that bone marrow harbors cells that have the capacity to differentiate into functionally competent pancreatic endocrine β cells and that represent a source for cell-based treatment of diabetes mellitus. The results generated with the CRE-LoxP system also suggest that in vivo cell fusion is an unlikely explanation for the "transdifferentiation" of bone marrow–derived cells into differentiated cell phenotypes.