gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An On-card Approach for Assessment of Hematocrit on Dried Blood Spots which Allows for Correction of Sample Volume (2013)

One of the biggest concerns with quantitative analysis of dried blood spots (DBS) is the uncertainty related to sample volume from a predefined punch. Blood with a high hematocrit will not diffuse as far as blood with a lower hematocrit when spotted on filter paper, resulting in differences in sample volume per unit area. Quantifying the hematocrit of blood would allow for correction of the sample volume, improving the quantitation in DBS analyses. Therefore, we have developed a novel approach using reflectance to measure hematocrit that will allow for sample volume correction. DBSs prepared at various levels of hematocrit from 25% to 75% were analyzed by UV-visible reflectance from 210 nm to 1000 nm using an Ocean Optics reflectance fiber optic probe. A linear correlation between the percent reflectance at 980 nm and hematocrit was found, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9933. Quantitative analysis of sample volume was conducted by fortification of samples with known concentrations of acylcarnitines (Free carnitine, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14, C16 and C18). Analysis was carried out using LC/MS/MS on a Waters Premier triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Hematocrit and sample volume showed a linear relationship with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9929. We validated our model using donor samples at various levels of hematocrit by first analyzing the samples by NIR reflectance to determine hematocrit and then correcting for sample volume. Our results showed improved quantitation of various donor samples with accuracies between 81% and 115% compared to not correcting for sample volume, which showed accuracies from 67% to 136%. This is the first on-card approach used to determine sample hematocrit allowing for improved quantitation by correcting sample volume. In addition, the reflectance format used allows for direct, automatable volume corrections on the card, without the need for off-line procedures to test whole blood.
[Selective inducement effect of bacterial redox protein azurin on apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS]. (2005)

Azurin could selectively induce apoptosis of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells. The induction of apoptosis by azurin may be closely associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax, and activation of Caspase-3.
Two Distinctive BMP-Carriers Induce Zonal Chondrogenesis and Membranous Ossification, Respectively; Geometrical Factors of Matrices for Cell-Differentiation (1995)

A partially purified BMP preparation was combined with a fibrous glass membrane (FGM) or porous particles of hydroxyapatite (PPHAP), and then implanted subcutaneously into the backs of rats. As a control of these new carriers, a conventional carrier of insoluble bone matrix (IBM) was also used. These new geometrically different solid-state carriers induced tissues in quite different manners. FGM/BMP implants induced cartilage formation within the entire inner area of the membrane accompanied by a small amount of bone formation on the surface of the membrane. In contrast, PPHAP/BMP implants induced only bone within the pores of PPHAP without any detectable cartilage formation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the type II collagen content in FGM/BMP was six times higher than that in IBM/BMP, while there was no detectable type II collagen in PPHAP/BMP. The results were explained by the geometric properties of the two distinctive carriers.
Distinct routes of lineage development reshape the human blood hierarchy across ontogeny (2015)

In a classical view of hematopoiesis, the various blood cell lineages arise via a hierarchical scheme starting with multipotent stem cells that become increasingly restricted in their differentiation potential through oligopotent and then unipotent progenitors. We developed a cell-sorting scheme to resolve myeloid (My), erythroid (Er), and megakaryocytic (Mk) fates from single CD34(+) cells and then mapped the progenitor hierarchy across human development. Fetal liver contained large numbers of distinct oligopotent progenitors with intermingled My, Er, and Mk fates. However, few oligopotent progenitor intermediates were present in the adult bone marrow. Instead, only two progenitor classes predominate, multipotent and unipotent, with Er-Mk lineages emerging from multipotent cells. The developmental shift to an adult "two-tier" hierarchy challenges current dogma and provides a revised framework to understand normal and disease states of human hematopoiesis.
Hemoglobin Pyropolymer Used as a Precursor of a Noble-Metal-Free Fuel Cell Cathode Catalyst (2008)

The partial pyrolysis of hemoglobin yielded the hemoglobin pyropolymer, which is an intermediate substance between a polymer and carbonaceous material. The pyropolymer was formed by the heat treatment of hemoglobin below 600 °C. The formation behavior of the pyropolymer was examined by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, and the pyropolymer was characterized by elemental analysis and its 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. The pyropolymer formation began around 200 °C, and aromatic carbon developed with an increase in the heat-treatment temperature through transformation of the aliphatic carbon in hemoglobin. A noble-metal-free cathode catalyst for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) was formed by heat treatment of the hemoglobin pyropolymer in flowing Ar containing 10% CO2. The activity of the catalyst was dependent on the characteristics of the pyropolymer. The carbon matrix developed with an increase in the aromatic carbon, whereas the micropore development was suppressed. The highest activity was observed for the catalyst with the maximized micropore development. The PEFC using the catalyst with the highest activity obtained in this study generated 0.12 and 0.23 W cm-2 at O2 partial pressures of 54 and 254 kPa, respectively. Continuous PEFC operations and measurements of the extended X-ray absorption fine structures demonstrated that the current decrease during the operation correlated with the structure of the active site of the catalyst.
Different pig phenotypes affect adherence of Escherichia coli to jejunal brush borders by K88ab, K88ac, or K88ad antigen (1982)

At least five different porcine phenotypes were distinguished with the three serological variants of the K88 antigen in the brush border adhesion test. Pigs of one phenotype (A) are susceptible to adherence of all three variants, pigs of three phenotypes are susceptible to only two (B and C) or one (D) of the K88 variants, and pigs of one phenotype (E) are entirely resistant to adhesion of K88 antigen did not interfere with the adhesion of K88ab- or K88ac-positive Escherichia coli, whereas in most cases K88ab and K88ac antigen completely blocked the adhesion of K88ad-positive E. coli. Likewise, K88ab antigen blocked the adhesion of K88ac-producing E. coli to both type A and type B brush borders, and vice versa.
Crystallization Process for Superionic Li 7 P 3 S 11 Glass–Ceramic Electrolytes (2011)

The crystallization process of the 70Li 2 S·30P 2 S 5 (mol%) glass was investigated to obtain a guideline for enhancing the crystallinity of Li 7 P 3 S 11 crystals in a glass–ceramic. Results show that the glass softened at around 240°C and that surface crystallization of the glass started at around 250°C. The heat‐treatment conditions with a maximum nucleation rate for the glass were estimated using DSC measurements. The glass–ceramic prepared using two‐step heat treatment of 210°C for 30 min (nucleation) and 280°C for 1 h (crystallization) exhibited high conductivity of 5.2 × 10 −3 S/cm at room temperature.
An investigation of erase-mode dependent hole trapping in flash EEPROM memory cell (1990)

Hot-hole generation during electrical erase in flash memory cells was investigated and found to be strongly dependent on the lateral electric field of the gated diode junction. It is shown, by erasing the memory cell at a low source voltage in combination with a negative gate voltage, that the operating point can be chosen well away from the onset of avalanche. Using this erasing scheme appreciably reduces the amount of hole trapping in the tunnel oxide. As a result, data retention is significantly improved as compared with conventional erasure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gene structure and chromosomal localization of the mouse homologue of rat OX40 protein (1995)

The OX40 protein is expressed only on activated rat CD4+ T blasts and is a member of a superfamily of cell surface molecules which includes CD40, CD30, CD95 (Fas), CD27, 4-1BB antigens and the receptors for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). The proteins of this group are related to each other by having three to six repeats of a cysteine-rich sequence in their extracellular domains. Members of this family of receptors have also been shown to bind to ligands which are structurally related to TNF. The mouse homologue of the rat OX40 protein was cloned at the cDNA and genomic levels. The gene structure shows that there are several intron/exon borders shared between OX40 and CD27, CD40, TNF receptor type I, CD95 and 4-1BB genes. This group of genes is less closely related structurally to the gene structure of the NGF receptor. The gene encoding murine OX40 has been placed on mouse chromosome 4, in an area which contains the genes for TNF receptor type II and 4-1BB, and is syntenic with a region of human chromosome 1 which contains human TNF receptor type II, OX40, and CD30 genes.
L5 radiculopathy with reduced superficial peroneal sensory responses: Intraspinal and extraspinal causes (1998)

Thirteen patients were retrospectively identified with the electrodiagnostic pattern of combined L5 radiculopathy by needle electrode examination, and abnormality of the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude. To have combined L5-derived sensory and motor axon loss, lesions must be localized at or distal to the L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG), but also proximal to the sacral plexus. Six patients had evidence of an active intraspinal canal (ISC) lesion, 3 had diabetes, and 4 had nonspecific causes. The ISC localization in at least 6 of our cases is counter to the commonly held electrodiagnostic dogma that L5 radiculopathy spares the SPN SNAP, but recent anatomic studies confirm the ISC location of up to 40% of L5 DRG. Thus loss of the SPN SNAP does not exclude ISC lesions.
Minocycline Provides Neuroprotection Against N-Methyl-d-aspartate Neurotoxicity by Inhibiting Microglia (2001)

Glutamate excitotoxicity to a large extent is mediated through activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-gated ion channels in several neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke. Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative with antiinflammatory effects, inhibits IL-1beta-converting enzyme and inducible nitric oxide synthase up-regulation in animal models of ischemic stroke and Huntington's disease and is therapeutic in these disease animal models. Here we report that nanomolar concentrations of minocycline protect neurons in mixed spinal cord cultures against NMDA excitotoxicity. NMDA treatment alone induced microglial proliferation, which preceded neuronal death, and administration of extra microglial cells on top of these cultures enhanced the NMDA neurotoxicity. Minocycline inhibited all these responses to NMDA. Minocycline also prevented the NMDA-induced proliferation of microglial cells and the increased release of IL-1beta and nitric oxide in pure microglia cultures. Finally, minocycline inhibited the NMDA-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in microglial cells, and a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor, but not a p44/42 MAPK inhibitor, reduced the NMDA toxicity. Together, these results suggest that microglial activation contributes to NMDA excitotoxicity and that minocycline, a tetracycline derivative, represents a potential therapeutic agent for brain diseases.
The program FANTOM for energy refinement of polypeptides and proteins using a Newton – Raphson minimizer in torsion angle space (1990)

Abstract The program FANTOM (fast Newton–Raphson torsion angle energy minimizer) performs minimizations of the ECEPP/2 energy function for proteins with the Newton–Raphson method. It is implemented for use with conventional computer hardware. The torsion angles are chosen as independent variables. The first and second derivatives are calculated with a previously described rapid algorithm. For the matrix inversion a modified Cholesky factorization is used. A line search adjusts the step length and nonbonded interactions can be calculated with a cutoff. The following tests of the program are described: All local minima of the ECEPP/2 energy function for the amino acids glycine and alanine were determined. An exhaustive search by more than 16,000 independent energy minimizations was used to identify low‐energy structures of Met‐enkephalin, which were then compared with previously published structures of this pentapeptide. To investigate the use of FANTOM with disulfide bonds, it was applied with conotoxin. As an illustration of the intended primary use of the program, an energy refinement of the structure of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor determined by nmr spectroscopy in solution is described.
JAK/STAT-Dependent Gene Regulation by Cytokines (2005)

The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak-STAT) pathway is essential for the signal transduction of many cytokines. Dysregulation of Jak-STAT signaling is associated with various human diseases. Recent studies have helped to shed some light on regulatory mechanisms that modify quantity and quality of the signaling response. Here, we summarize our current knowledge on Jak-STAT signaling.
Comparison of the structure of turtle pancreatic ribonuclease with those of mammalian ribonucleases (1986)

There are 33 invariant amino acid positions out of 132 positions in 42 investigated sequences of ribonucleases from a number of mammalian species and a reptile (snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina). These invariant residues are unequally distributed over 3 different parts of the molecule. The lobe of the S-protein part of the molecule, which lacks one disulfide bridge and has two shortened loops in turtle ribonuclease, has the lowest percentage of invariant residues, although the active-site residue His 119 is located in this part.
Nanoliposomal Irinotecan Effective for Pancreatic Cancer (2015)

Progress has been made in the treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, with combination chemotherapy modestly improving overall survival
Current Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: Methods and placebo outcomes (2009)

Inclusion criteria are essentially similar to earlier 6-month and 12-month trials in which cholinesterase inhibitors were not allowed, as were mean ADAS-cog rates of change. Yet increasing variability and relatively little change overall in the ADAS-cog placebo groups, eg, about 25% of patients do not worsen by more than 1 point, might make it more unlikely than previously assumed that a modestly effective drug can be reliably recognized, especially when the drug might work only to attenuate decline in function and not to improve function. These observations would be strengthened by pooling individual trials data, and pharmaceutical sponsors should participate in such efforts.
Earprint: Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission for Biometrics (2014)

Biometrics is attracting increasing attention in privacy and security concerned issues, such as access control and remote financial transaction. However, advanced forgery and spoofing techniques are threatening the reliability of conventional biometric modalities. This has been motivating our investigation of a novel yet promising modality transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE), which is an acoustic response generated from cochlea after a click stimulus. Unlike conventional modalities that are easily accessible or captured, TEOAE is naturally immune to replay and falsification attacks as a physiological outcome from human auditory system. In this paper, we resort to wavelet analysis to derive the time-frequency representation of such nonstationary signal, which reveals individual uniqueness and long-term reproducibility. A machine learning technique linear discriminant analysis is subsequently utilized to reduce intrasubject variability and further capture intersubject differentiation features. Considering practical application, we also introduce a complete framework of the biometric system in both verification and identification modes. Comparative experiments on a TEOAE data set of biometric setting show the merits of the proposed method. Performance is further improved with fusion of information from both ears.
Thalidomide in the Treatment of Recurrent, Necrotic, and Giant Mucocutaneous Aphthae and Aphthosis (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The treatment of recurrent and necrotic mucocutaneous aphthae is usually unsatisfactory. In six cases (men aged 30 to 39), we obtained an excellent result with thalidomide. The cutaneous symptoms in five of the patients consisted of large, deep, necrotic, painful ulcerations in the mouth and on the scrotum, and pustular lesions scattered on different parts of the body. The sixth patient had giant, deep, necrotic, mutilating lesions in the mouth, as in so-called periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens; he had not been free of these lesions for the past year and was having enormous difficulties with his nutrition. One of the patients had had uveitis, orchitis, and epididymitis (inactive during the treatment with thalidomide), and two had active arthritis at the time of treatment. The daily administration of 100 mg of thalidomide gave us spectacularly good results. On the second or third day, the aphthae were painless and
Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: direct toxicological screening and analysis of illicit Ecstasy tablets (2005)

Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) was used as a simple and rapid way to analyze drug tablets and powders without sample preparation. Experiments were performed with a home-made DESI source coupled to a triple-quadrupole linear-ion trap (QqQ(LIT)) mass spectrometer. Twenty-one commercial drugs as well as some illicit Ecstasy tablets and powders were analyzed. MS spectra almost exclusively showed the protonated or deprotonated ion of the drug after directing the pneumatically assisted electrospray onto the tablet's surface. With some tablets, inhomogeneity of the surface resulted in different spectra depending on the spot analyzed, thus showing that DESI could be used for imaging. Directly triggered MS/MS spectra were used for confirmatory analysis, with analysis times often below 10 s per tablet. For illicit Ecstasy tablets, DESI-MS, GC/MS and LC/MS analyses provided similar qualitative results for the main analytes. With MS/MS spectra library comparison or exact mass measurements, this technique could become very powerful for the rapid analysis of unknown tablets and shows the great potential of desorption techniques as an alternative to solution-based analysis.
Paracrine actions of insulin-like growth factors and IGF binding protein-1 in non-pregnant human endometrium and at the decidual–trophoblast interface (1998)

Insulin-like growth factors, IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF binding protein (IGFBP-1) appear to play major roles in endometrial development during the menstrual cycle and in the process of implantation. The mitogenic, differentiative, and anti-apoptotic properties of these growth factors, as well as their spatial and temporal expression in cycling endometrium, suggest that they may participate in endometrial growth, differentiation, inhibition of apoptosis, and perhaps angiogenesis. IGFBP-1 is a major protein product of non-pregnant endometrium during the mid-late secretory phase and occurs in abundance in decidua. Its roles as an IGF-binding protein and as a trophoblast integrin ligand suggest that it may have multiple roles in endometrial development and in interactions between the decidua and the invading trophoblast. Precise elucidation of the mechanisms underlying IGF and IGFBP-1 action at the decidual-trophoblast interface in early pregnancy awaits further investigation. The future also awaits elucidation of the potential predictive utility of IGFBP-1 in serum and in decidua in, for example, pre-eclampsia and perhaps implantation failure.
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes (2008)

Abstract Fabry, V. J., Seibel, B. A., Feely, R. A., and Orr, J. C. 2008. Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 414–432. Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the seawater chemistry of the world’s oceans with consequences for marine biota. Elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is causing the calcium carbonate saturation horizon to shoal in many regions, particularly in high latitudes and regions that intersect with pronounced hypoxic zones. The ability of marine animals, most importantly pteropod molluscs, foraminifera, and some benthic invertebrates, to produce calcareous skeletal structures is directly affected by seawater CO2 chemistry. CO2 influences the physiology of marine organisms as well through acid-base imbalance and reduced oxygen transport capacity. The few studies at relevant pCO2 levels impede our ability to predict future impacts on foodweb dynamics and other ecosystem processes. Here we present new observations, review available data, and identify priorities for future research, based on regions, ecosystems, taxa, and physiological processes believed to be most vulnerable to ocean acidification. We conclude that ocean acidification and the synergistic impacts of other anthropogenic stressors provide great potential for widespread changes to marine ecosystems.
Further results on a class of distributions which includes the normal ones (2013)

Vengono presentati ulteriori risultati relativi ad una classe di funzioni di densità già trattate in un altro lavoro dell'autore (1985). Viene introdotto in particolare un ulteriore parametro di forma che consente un'ampia escursione agli indici di asimmetria e curtosi.
Chemical Function Queries for 3D Database Search (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Function Queries for 3D Database SearchJonathan Greene, Scott Kahn, Hamid Savoj, Peter Sprague, and Steven TeigCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1994, 34, 6, 1297–1308Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00022a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00022a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views605Altmetric-Citations170LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts