gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and antitumor activity of 7- and 9-(6'-deoxy-.alpha.-L-talofuranosyl)-hypoxanthine and 9-(6'-deoxy-.alpha.-L-talofuranosyl)-6-thiopurine (1983)

Reaction of 6-deoxy-2,3,5-tris-O-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-L-talofuranosyl bromide (1) with the trimethylsilyl derivative of hypoxanthine, followed by removal of blocking groups, afforded 9- (6) and 7-(6'-deoxy-alpha-L-talofuranosyl)hypoxanthine (7). A study of the published optical rotations and circular dichroic (CD) spectra of pentofuranosylpurines and of (6'-deoxy-beta-D-allo- and -alpha-L-talofuranosyl)purines prepared here suggests that the sign of rotation and the sign of the longer wavelength Cotton effect is determined solely by the configuration of C-1' and its position of attachment to the purine ring. For C-1' R nucleosides, the sign is negative for N-9-linked purine nucleosides and positive for the N-7-linked isomers, and vice versa for C-1'S purine nucleosides. Reaction of 1 with the trimethylsilyl derivative of 6-chloropurine afforded 4, which upon treatment with thiourea and deblocking yielded 9-(6'-deoxy-alpha-L-talofuranosyl)-6-thiopurine (8). Unlike the previously prepared 7-(6'-deoxy-beta-D-allofuranosyl) hypoxanthine which strongly inhibited purine nucleoside phosphorylase, compounds 6-8 did not inhibit this enzyme. Compound 8 significantly inhibited the growth of L1210 tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
Lead‐Free Halide Perovskite Solar Cells with High Photocurrents Realized Through Vacancy Modulation (2014)

Lead free perovskite solar cells based on a CsSnI3 light absorber with a spectral response from 950 nm is demonstrated. The high photocurrents noted in the system are a consequence of SnF2 addition which reduces defect concentrations and hence the background charge carrier density.
Characterization of the Recombinant Extracellular Domains of Human Interleukin-20 Receptors and Their Complexes with Interleukin-19 and Interleukin-20 (2003)

The soluble extracellular domains of human interleukin-20 (IL-20) receptors I and II (sIL-20R1 and sIL20R2), along with their ligands IL-19 and IL-20, were expressed in Drosophila S2 cells and purified to homogeneity. Formation of the receptor/receptor and ligand/receptor complexes was studied by size exclusion chromatography. Both ligands and soluble receptors were found to be monomeric in solution; homo- or heterodimers are not formed even at elevated concentrations. Under native conditions, both IL-19 and IL-20 form stable ternary 1:1:1 complexes with the sIL-20R1 and sIL20R2 receptors, as well as high-affinity binary complexes with sIL-20R2. Unexpectedly, sIL-20R1 does not bind on its own to either IL-19 or IL-20. Thus, one of the possible consecutive mechanisms of formation of the signaling ternary complex may involve two steps: first, the ligand binds to receptor II, creating a high-affinity binding site for the receptor I, and only then does receptor I complete the complex.
200 mm Germanium-On-Insulator (GeOI) Structures Realized from Epitaxial Wafers Using the Smart Cut(TM) Technology (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Studies of an immunomodulator, swainsonine. II. Effect of swainsonine on mouse immunodeficient system and experimental murine tumor. (1985)

We examined the effect of swainsonine on antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in immunodeficient mice which were treated with immunosuppressive factor or antitumor drugs, or inoculated with sarcoma 180 ascites tumor. The administration of swainsonine restored the capacities of the immunodeficient mice to produce antibody against SRBC. Furthermore, swainsonine inhibited completely the growth of sarcoma 180 ascites tumor in mice. Swainsonine also reduced lung metastases of B16 melanoma in mice. These results suggest that swainsonine has potential as an immunomodulator for the treatment of immunocompromised hosts.
Interactions of rat hepatocytes with type IV collagen, fibronectin and laminin matrices. Distinct matrix-controlled modes of attachment and spreading. (1986)

We have examined the interaction of adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture, to type IV collagen, fibronectin, and laminin, the major basement membrane proteins of normal rat liver. Culture substrata consisted of glass coverslips, which were covalently derivatized with individual purified basement membrane constituents at varying densities of protein. The attachment of freshly prepared hepatocytes was examined after incubation at 37 degrees C for 30 min as a function of the amount of protein on the coverslips. For each of the three types of substratum under study, distinct modes of cell attachment were observed, with the apparent affinity of hepatocytes for type IV collagen being three-fold greater than for fibronectin and ten-fold greater than for laminin. Cell attachment exhibited saturation on all substrata. Hepatocyte spreading was measured by scanning electron microscopy of cells incubated at 37 degrees for 2 h on similarly prepared coverslips. A five-fold greater surface density of type IV collagen was required for maximal spreading compared with attachment. For cells on fibronectin or laminin the maximal cell spreading reached on type IV collagen did not occur even at coverslip protein densities 10 to 20 times those providing for maximal cell attachment. A very similar qualitative pattern of cell proteins was secreted within a few hours of plating on the various substrata and further studies failed to reveal any evidence that attachment and spreading was mediated by endogenously produced matrix molecules.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The performance enhancement of multibeam adaptive base-station antennas for cellular land mobile radio systems (1990)

The problem of meeting the proliferating demands for mobile telephony within the confinement of the limited radio spectrum allocated to these services is addressed. A multiple-beam adaptive base-station antenna is proposed as a major system component in an attempt to solve this problem. The approach is demonstrated by employing an antenna array capable of resolving the angular distribution of the mobile users as seen at the base-station site, and then using this information to direct beams toward either lone mobiles, or groupings of mobiles, for both transmit and receive modes of operation. The energy associated with each mobile is thus confined within the addressed volume, greatly reducing the amount of cochannel interference experienced from and by neighboring cochannel cells. To ascertain the benefits of such an antenna, the conventional and proposed antenna systems are modeled in a typical mobile radio environment. For a given performance criterion, the theoretical results indicate that a significant increase in the spectral efficiency, or capacity, of the network is obtainable with the proposed antenna.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Wilms' Tumor 1 Tumor Suppressor Gene Represses Transcription of the Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Gene (1999)

Regulation of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene is the primary determinant for telomerase enzyme activity, which is found in tumor cells but is largely absent from normal somatic cells. Recent studies have shown that Myc protein can transcriptionally activate the hTERT gene. However, little is known about the repression mechanism of the hTERT gene and telomerase enzyme. Here, we developed an expression cloning strategy to identify cDNAs whose products can repress hTERT promoter activity in telomerase-positive immortal cells. Using this screen, we isolated the Wilms' tumor 1 suppressor gene (WT1). WT1 can repress hTERT promoter activity in 293 kidney cells. The WT1 binding site on the hTERT promoter was identified by deletional analysis. Alteration of the WT1 binding site markedly derepresses transcription from an isolated hTERT promoter by inhibiting interaction of WT1 with DNA. These specific repression effects of WT1 were not observed in HeLa cells, which express no endogenous WT1. Furthermore, we show that WT1 can repress the endogenous hTERT promoter and telomerase enzyme activities. These results suggest that WT1 may be a transcriptional repressor of the hTERT gene, at least in some specific cells.
Efficient Antigen Delivery into Dendritic Cell by Transfection of mRNA Conjugated with Oxidised-Mannan and Polyethylenimine (2005)

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells uniquely equipped for initiating primary immune responses. The injection of DC loaded with cancer antigens stimulates potent immune and clinical responses; a key step in this process is the efficient delivery of the relevant antigens. The use of mRNA is a promising approach for antigen delivery as it encodes for epitopes presented by multiple (class I and II) MHC molecules obviating the need for predetermined patient antigen selection. While immune responses have been induced with mRNA loaded DC, the currently available systems will greatly benefit with improved delivery not compromising cell viability and compliant with regulatory requirements. We investigated a receptor-mediated transfection system for DNA utilising oxidised-mannan (OxM) covalently linked to polyethylenimine (PEI).We have demonstrated that DNA bound to the OxM-PEI complex can be efficiently delivered into mouse DC; in addition, the complex induced cellular responses and subsequent tumour protection when injected into mice. We applied this technology to mRNA and optimised the delivery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) into mouse DC and the macrophage cell line, J774. We observed a high level of transfection of DC (44 2%GFP+) and J774 cells (94 3%GFP+) after 48 hrs using OxM-PEImRNA at low mRNA concentrations (2 mg/1 106cells) at which cell viability was not significantly impaired. GFP expression was detectable at high levels after 24 hours and stable for at least 48 hours. When compared with OxM-PEI-DNA, transfection with OxM-PEI-mRNA induced significantly higher percentages of GFP+ DC (p < 0.01). We have now adapted this delivery strategy for human monocyte-derived DC with similar transfection efficiencies (83.89 0.25%GFP+Mo-DC) and are currently investigating the delivery of the influenza matrix protein mRNA as a model for the further development of mRNA-loaded DC for tumour immunotherapy.
Regional cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the posterior communicating artery and the middle cerebral artery in gerbils (1983)

The authors have created an experimental model of regional cerebral ischemia in gerbils that is reproducible and has a low mortality rate. In gerbils, either the posterior communicating artery (PCoA) or the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded, and the distribution of cerebral ischemia from each surgical procedure was compared with that produced by occlusion of the common carotid artery (CCA). In contrast to the widespread cortical and subcortical infarctions seen after occlusion of the CCA, occlusion of the PCoA caused infarction that was restricted to the hippocampus, the piriform cortex, and the posterior part of the thalamus, and occlusion of the MCA resulted in infarction that was restricted to the central part of the cerebral hemisphere and the caudate nucleus and putamen. Intracranial occlusion of the PCoA or MCA in the gerbil resulted in lesions that were reproducible with low mortality rates over a long-term period. Occlusion of the PCoA, MCA, or CCA also produces a model that is suitable for investigation of the postischemic period. A combination of these three experimental models is useful for investigation of regional vulnerability and for the study of regional metabolic differences in cerebral ischemia.
CaCl3- or Ca2Cl4 Complexing Cyclic Aromatic Amide. Template Effect on Cyclization (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCaCl3- or Ca2Cl4 Complexing Cyclic Aromatic Amide. Template Effect on CyclizationYoung H. Kim, Joseph Calabrese, and Charles McEwenView Author Information DuPont Central Research and Development† Wilmington, Delaware 19880Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 6, 1545–1546Publication Date (Web):February 14, 1996Publication History Received25 September 1995Published online14 February 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja953268chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja953268crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views899Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amides,Crystal structure,Crystals,Cyclization,Solvents Get e-Alerts
A water-soluble core material for manufacturing hollow composite sections (2017)

This paper presents the development of a low-cost water-soluble core material, which is suitable for producing hollow composite structures via high pressure moulding processes, such as compression moulding and resin transfer moulding. The bulk material of the core is sodium chloride (NaCl), which is held together by a water-soluble trehalose binder. The composition of the core has been optimised to provide acceptable dissolution rates and mechanical properties for high volume structural composite applications. The compressive strength of the NaCl core was 57 MPa at ambient temperature, which reduced to 20 MPa when tested at 120 °C. The compressive strength at elevated temperature was approximately 4 times higher than for a water-soluble commercial benchmark and 33 times higher than a conventional structural closed-cell foam. The specific dissolution rate of the NaCl core was between 0.14 and 1.23 kg/(min·m2), depending on processing parameters and the coefficient of thermal expansion was approximately 43 × 10−6/K. A practical example has been presented to demonstrate how the removable core can be used to produce a representative hollow section of an integrally stiffened panel.
GDF-15 protects from macrophage accumulation in a mousemodel of advanced atherosclerosis (2013)

This is the first study that demonstrates a protective role of GDF-15 in advanced atherosclerosis and macrophage accumulation, possibly due to the reduced expression of adhesion molecules.
Microfabricated Polymer Devices for Automated Sample Delivery of Peptides for Analysis by Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (1999)

Delivery of proteins and peptides to electrospray ionization mass spectrometers (ESI-MS) has been demonstrated using glass and quartz microfabricated devices. This paper reports the construction and use of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfabricated soft polymer devices with mass spectrometry for protein analysis. The PDMS devices were fabricated using replica molding against a patterned photoresist generated by photolithographic techniques. The PDMS devices were connected to the mass spectrometer via a derivatized transfer capillary and samples were transferred by electroosmotic pumping. The formulation of PDMS was optimized for compatibility with ESI, and the devices were tested for performance. The practical application of PDMS devices was demonstrated by the identification of rat serum albumin separated by 2-D gel electrophoresis. Extended contact of the sample with the surface of the PDMS device did not significantly affect the sample analysis, and the limit of detection for samples run on a PDMS device was comparable to the limit of detection achieved on glass devices. This study suggests that PDMS devices fabricated using replica molding are compatible with ESI-MS. This will potentially lead to the construction of inexpensive microfabricated devices with complex designs and advanced functionalities.
Human cytomegalovirus infection and expression in human malignant glioma. (2002)

Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults, have no known etiology, and are generally rapidly fatal despite current therapies. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is beta-herpesvirus trophic for glial cells that persistently infects 50-90% of the adult human population. HCMV can be reactivated under conditions of inflammation and immunosuppression, and HCMV gene products can dysregulate multiple cellular pathways involved in oncogenesis. Here we show that a high percentage of malignant gliomas are infected by HCMV and multiple HCMV gene products are expressed in these tumors. These data are the first to show an association between HCMV and malignant gliomas and suggest that HCMV may play an active role in glioma pathogenesis.
Diabesity: therapeutic options (2009)

A pathogenic relationship exists between type 2 diabetes and obesity. Over the last decade, the escalation in diabetes cases has paralleled the rapid increase in obesity rates, constituting a global health crisis. Environmental risk factors attributed to the global increase in obesity include the consumption of high-calorie, high-fat foods and inadequate physical activity. Obese individuals may also have a genetic predisposition for obesity. Both diabetes and obesity confer an elevated risk of developing a range of complications and comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke, which can complicate disease management. This review examines the aetiology of the linkages between diabetes and obesity and the range of available therapies. Recent clinical evidence substantiating the efficacy and safety of incretin-based antidiabetic therapies is analysed, in addition to data on antiobesity therapeutic strategies, such as antiobesity agents, behaviour modification and bariatric surgery. Glucose control is often accompanied by weight-neutral or modest weight reduction effects with DPP-4 inhibitor treatment (sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin) and weight loss with GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy (exenatide, liraglutide). Studies of antiobesity agents including orlistat, sibutramine and rimonabant have shown attrition rates of 30-40%, and the long-term effects of these agents remain unknown. Bariatric surgical procedures commonly performed are laparoscopic adjustable banding of the stomach and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and have produced type 2 diabetes remission rates of up to 73%. Therapeutic strategies that integrate glycaemic control and weight loss will assume greater importance as the prevalence of diabetes and obesity increase.
Enhanced order and electronic delocalization in conjugated polymers oriented by gel processing in polyethylene (1991)

We report the polarized absorption ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}$(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}) and photoluminescence ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}$(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}) spectra of gel-processed blends of poly(2-methoxy,5-(2'-ethyl-hexoxy)-p-phenylenevinylene), MEHPPV, in ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene. Both ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}$(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}) and ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}$(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}) are highly anisotropic, with preferred direction polarized parallel to the draw axis, demonstrating that gel processing and subsequent tensile drawing results in the orientation of the conjugated polymer guest. In contrast to cast films of the pure conjugated polymer (MEHPPV), the oriented blends display a sharpening of the vibronic structure and a redistribution of spectral weight into the zero-phonon line in both absorption and emission for light polarized parallel to the draw axis. In the most highly oriented MEHPPV-polyethylene blends, the induced order is sufficient to enable the determination of the intrinsic line shape of the absorption: we find the band-edge square-root singularity characteristic of a one-dimensional semiconductor. The changes in the spectral features resulting from materials processing are quantified using a Franck-Condon analysis and interpreted in terms of a modification of the ground- and excited-state configurational manifolds. We conclude that processing the blends via the gel intermediate state and subsequently orienting by tensile drawing yields a system with significantly reduced disorder.
Abstract 17156: A Randomized Placebo-phase Clinical Trial With the Monoclonal Antibody Alirocumab Demonstrates Reductions in Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients With Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Gain-of-Function Mutations (2013)

Background: Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is characterized by inherited high serum LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and early onset cardiovascular disease. ADH causes include mutation...
Antibody to the Capsular Polysaccharide/Adhesin Protects Rabbits against Catheter-Related Bacteremia Due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (1990)

A rabbit model of catheter-related bacteremia was developed to study immunity to the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin (PS/A) of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Catheters colonized by coagulase-negative staphylococci were inserted into the right jugular vein and attached to a subcutaneous osmotic pump, and blood cultures were obtained over 14 days. Nonimmune rabbits were bacteremic for 6-8 days after infection, hypoglycemic, and hyperlipidemic and had strong immune responses to teichoic acid but not to PS/A. PS/A immunization, but not teichoic acid immunization, reduced the number of bacteremic days by approximately 60%, diminished the hypoglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and ablated the immune responses to teichoic acid. Passive infusion of PS/A-specific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies using a separate, noninfected catheter-pump combination implanted in the left jugular protected against both bacteremia and hematogenous colonization of this contralateral catheter.
Persistence Length of Single-Stranded DNA (1997)

The self-diffusion coefficient of a series of DNA fragments ranging from 280 to 5386 bases has been measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching after thermal denaturation in 8 M urea. The total persistence length p of single-stranded DNAs and its variation in ionic strength down to 10-3 M has been deduced. The importance of the value of p versus the pore size a and contour length L of the DNA in the optimization of sequencing by gel electrophoresis is emphasized.