gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional and biological properties of the nuclear receptor coregulator PELP1/MNAR (2007)

Proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein (PELP)1, also known as modulator of nongenomic actions of the estrogen receptor (MNAR), is a novel nuclear receptor coregulator with a multitude of functions. PELP1/MNAR serves as a scaffolding protein that couples various signaling complexes with nuclear receptors and participates in genomic and nongenomic functions. Recent data suggest that PELP1/MNAR expression is deregulated in several cancers, including breast, endometrial, prostate, and ovarian cancer, and that PELP1/MNAR interacts with several oncogenes. In this review, we summarize the emerging biological properties and functions of PELP1/MNAR.
Coupling mid-infrared light from a photonic crystal waveguide to metallic transmission lines (2014)

We propose and theoretically study a hybrid structure consisting of a photonic crystal waveguide (PhC-wg) and a two-wire metallic transmission line (TL), engineered for efficient transfer of mid-infrared (mid-IR) light between them. An efficiency of 32% is obtained for the coupling from the transverse magnetic (TM) photonic mode to the symmetric mode of the TL, with a predicted intensity enhancement factor of 53 at the transmission line surface. The strong coupling is explained by the small phase velocity mismatch and sufficient spatial overlapping between the modes. This hybrid structure could find applications in highly integrated mid-IR photonic-plasmonic devices for biological and gas sensing, among others.
Reverse Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) Characterization of Orphan SAGE Tags from Human Embryonic Stem Cells Identifies the Presence of Novel Transcripts and Antisense Transcription of Key Pluripotency Genes (2006)

Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful technique for the analysis of gene expression. A significant portion of SAGE tags, designated as orphan tags, however, cannot be reliably assigned to known transcripts. We used an improved reverse SAGE (rSAGE) strategy to convert human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-specific orphan SAGE tags into longer 3' cDNAs. We show that the systematic analysis of these 3' cDNAs permitted the discovery of hESC-specific novel transcripts and cis-natural antisense transcripts (cis-NATs) and improved the assignment of SAGE tags that resulted from splice variants, insertion/deletion, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. More importantly, this is the first description of cis-NATs for several key pluripotency markers in hESCs and mouse embryonic stem cells, suggesting that the formation of short interfering RNA could be an important regulatory mechanism. A systematic large-scale analysis of the remaining orphan SAGE tags in the hESC SAGE libraries by rSAGE or other 3' cDNA extension strategies should unravel additional novel transcripts and cis-NATs that are specifically expressed in hESCs. Besides contributing to the complete catalog of human transcripts, many of them should prove to be a valuable resource for the elucidation of the molecular pathways involved in the self-renewal and lineage commitment of hESCs.
Theoretical Models for Drug Delivery to Solid Tumors (1997)

The effectiveness of anti-cancer drug therapies is often limited by the difficulty of achieving drug delivery throughout solid tumors. Mathematical models permit an analysis of the factors leading to inadequate drug delivery to tumors and can suggest strategies for improving delivery. An overview is given of key factors that influence drug delivery and the extent to which they have been incorporated into existing theoretical models. These factors include spatial gradients of drug concentration and other variables within tumors and other parts of the body, and the relative magnitudes of the time scales involved in drug transport, tumor cell kinetics, and host toxicity. Models for both systemic and regional delivery methods are considered, including intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, intrathecal, and intratumoral delivery. Strategies for improving delivery are discussed, including use of two-step therapies, hyperthermia, liposome encapsulation, and magnetic targeting. Until now, modeling has mainly developed in separate subfields of tumor growth and cell kill kinetics, compartmental modeling of the body, spatially distributed models for single tissues, radiation dose calculations, tumor oxygenation, tumor blood flow, and cellular pharmacokinetics. In the future, models that integrate these subfields should be developed.
Novel genes and hormones in salivary glands: from the gene for the submandibular rat 1 protein (SMR1) precursor to receptor sites for SMR1 mature peptides (1998)

Submandibular rat 1 protein (SMR1) preprohormone and its maturation peptides constitute the novel characterized submandibular gland (SMG)-specific factors of the cervical sympathetic trunk (CST)-SMG (CST-SMG) axis. As is generally observed for major polypeptide hormones of the endocrine system, SMR1 peptides, including SMR1- imdecapeptide, -hexapeptide and -pentapeptide, are selectively matured from the precursor by cleavage at pairs of basic residues, and differentially accumulated and locally as well as systemically released under multifactorial neuroendocrine control. In turn, the final SMRl mature pentapeptide, at hormonal circulating concentrations, is selectively taken up by peripheral targets through specific binding sites. Localization of the target cells suggests that the SMRl-derived pentapeptide might be involved in modulating mineral ion balance in vivo. Furthermore, associated with male rat specific behavioral characteristics, one can propose that the androgen-regulated SMR1-pentapeptide is a SMG hormonal factor, which under stressful circumstances, is acutely secreted to counterregulate the mineral homeostatic responses to stress. The gene VCSA1, which encodes SMR1, belongs to a new multigene family, essentially expressed in the salivary glands of mammals. This family, whose several members also display putative sites of processing by convertases, has an unusual evolution characterized by multiple gene duplications and an accelerated divergence of coding sequences. Biomedical Reviews 1998; 9: 17-32.
Electron-Transfer State of 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium Ion with a Much Longer Lifetime and Higher Energy Than That of the Natural Photosynthetic Reaction Center (2004)

We have successfully achieved the electron-transfer (ET) state of 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion, produced by a single step photoinduced electron transfer, which has a much longer lifetime (e.g., 2 h at 203 K) and higher energy (2.37 eV) than that of the natural system without loss of energy due to multistep electron-transfer processes.
Avelumab in patients with previously treated metastatic melanoma: phase 1b results from the JAVELIN Solid Tumor trial (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01772004 .
Ascendancy of weekly low-dose methotrexate in usual care of rheumatoid arthritis from 1980 to 2004 at two sites in Finland and the United States (2008)

Early MTX in usual clinical care of RA increased from <5% in 1980 to >90% in 2004. Over this period, substantially improved outcomes were seen, most of which antedated biological agents.
Narrowband Interference Suppression for IEEE UWB Channels (2009)

In this paper we put forward a scheme for suppressing narrowband interference by the use of adaptive narrowband filtering. We compare this method with other schemes for the suppression of complex narrowband interference in OFDM UWB systems, such as the frequency excision method and complex narrowband interference identification and cancelation algorithms. The study shows that the three schemes give slightly different performance depending on the type of IEEE UWB channel, but the optimal solution is to apply a complex adaptive narrowband filter that offers a trade-off between narrowband interference suppression efficiency and computational complexity.
Physical and Structural Basis for the Strong Interactions of the -ImPy- Central Pairing Motif in the Polyamide f-ImPyIm (2006)

The polyamide f-ImPyIm has a higher affinity for its cognate DNA than either the parent analogue, distamycin A (10-fold), or the structural isomer, f-PyImIm (250-fold), has for its respective cognate DNA sequence. These findings have led to the formulation of a two-letter polyamide "language" in which the -ImPy- central pairings associate more strongly with Watson-Crick DNA than -PyPy-, -PyIm-, and -ImIm-. Herein, we further characterize f-ImPyIm and f-PyImIm, and we report thermodynamic and structural differences between -ImPy- (f-ImPyIm) and -PyIm- (f-PyImIm) central pairings. DNase I footprinting studies confirmed that f-ImPyIm is a stronger binder than distamycin A and f-PyImIm and that f-ImPyIm preferentially binds CGCG over multiple competing sequences. The difference in the binding of f-ImPyIm and f-PyImIm to their cognate sequences was supported by the Na(+)-dependent nature of DNA melting studies, in which significantly higher Na(+) concentrations were needed to match the ability of f-ImPyIm to stabilize CGCG with that of f-PyImIm stabilizing CCGG. The selectivity of f-ImPyIm beyond the four-base CGCG recognition site was tested by circular dichroism and isothermal titration microcalorimetry, which shows that f-ImPyIm has marginal selectivity for (A.T)CGCG(A.T) over (G.C)CGCG(G.C). In addition, changes adjacent to this 6 bp binding site do not affect f-ImPyIm affinity. Calorimetric studies revealed that binding of f-ImPyIm, f-PyImIm, and distamycin A to their respective hairpin cognate sequences is exothermic; however, changes in enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity (DeltaC(p)) contribute differently to formation of the 2:1 complexes for each triamide. Experimental and theoretical determinations of DeltaC(p) for binding of f-ImPyIm to CGCG were in good agreement (-142 and -177 cal mol(-)(1) K(-)(1), respectively). (1)H NMR of f-ImPyIm and f-PyImIm complexed with their respective cognate DNAs confirmed positively cooperative formation of distinct 2:1 complexes. The NMR results also showed that these triamides bind in the DNA minor groove and that the oligonucleotide retains the B-form conformation. Using minimal distance restraints from the NMR experiments, molecular modeling and dynamics were used to illustrate the structural complementarity between f-ImPyIm and CGCG. Collectively, the NMR and ITC experiments show that formation of the 2:1 f-ImPyIm-CGCG complex achieves a structure more ordered and more thermodynamically favored than the structure of the 2:1 f-PyImIm-CCGG complex.
Insights into the expression of ABH and Lewis antigens through human bone marrow transplantation. (1981)

Twelve information bone marrow transplants, with at least one difference in ABO and/or Lewis types between donor and recipient, were retrospectively studied. ABH and Lewis antigens were determined in plasma, erythrocytes, and lymphocytes. Donor lymphocytes acquired the ABH and Lewis antigens from the recipient's plasma in the same way that donor erythrocytes acquired the Lewis antigens from it. Lymphocytotoxicity detected type 1 ABH and Lewis antigens only, providing evidence for the existence of combined ABH and Lewis antigens on lymphocytes. This was in contrast with the ABH antigens on type 2 chains of red cells, which are devoid of Lewis specificities. The differences in genetic control, probable chemical structure, and cellular origin of these two types of ABH antigens are presented in a theoretical model that accounts for most of the known data.
High affinity binding and direct antiproliferative effects of LHRH analogues in human ovarian cancer cell lines. (1993)

Recently, specific binding sites for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and its analogues have been demonstrated in biopsy samples of human epithelial ovarian cancer. Their biological significance remained obscure. In this study we ascertained whether such LHRH-binding sites are also present in the human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines EFO-21 and EFO-27 and if they could mediate antiproliferative effects of LHRH analogues. Using [125I, D-Trp6]LHRH, a high affinity/low capacity binding site was detected in both lines: EFO-21 (Kd1 = 1.5 x 10(-9) M; binding capacity (Bmax1) = 4.9 fmol/10(6) cells) and EFO-27 (Kd1 = 1.7 x 10(-9) M; Bmax1 = 3 fmol/10(6) cells). In addition, a second class of low affinity/high capacity binding sites (EFO-21: Kd2 = 7.5 x 10(-6) M; Bmax2 = 24 pmol/10(6) cells; EFO-27: Kd2 = 4.3 x 10(-6) M; Bmax2 = 14.5 pmol/10(6) cells) was demonstrated. Specific binding of [125I, D-Trp6]LHRH was displaced with nearly equal efficiency by unlabeled [D-Trp6]LHRH, the LHRH-antagonists SB-75 and Hoe-013, and by native LHRH but not by unrelated peptides such as oxytocin and somatostatin. In the presence of 10(-5) M agonist [D-Trp6]LHRH, the proliferation of both cell lines was significantly reduced to 77% of controls after 24 h and to approx. 60% after 6 days. Lower concentrations (10(-9) M) of the agonist, significantly decreased the proliferation to 87.5% for EFO-21 and 86% for EFO-27 after 6 days. These antiproliferative effects were enhanced by increasing doses of [D-Trp6]LHRH and were maximal at 10(-5) M (EFO-21: 65.5% of control, EFO-27: 68% of control). Similar dose-dependent antiproliferative effects were obtained in EFO-21 line with the LHRH-antagonists SB-75 and Hoe-013, while these analogues had no effects on the proliferation of EFO-27 cells. SB-75 partly antagonized the antiproliferative effect of [D-Trp6]LHRH in a dose dependent way in the EFO-27 line. These data suggest that LHRH analogues can directly inhibit the in vitro proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells. This effect might be mediated through the high affinity LHRH binding sites.
A functional genomics resource for Brassica napus: development of an EMS mutagenized population and discovery of FAE1 point mutations by TILLING (2008)

Two ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) mutant populations of the semi-winter rapeseed cv. Ningyou7 were constructed with high mutant load, to provide a TILLING platform for functional genomics in Brassica napus, and for introduction of novel allelic variation in rapeseed breeding. Forward genetic screening of mutants from the M2 populations resulted in identification of a large number of novel phenotypes. Reverse genetic screening focused on the potentially multi-paralogous gene FAE1 (fatty acid elongase1), which controls seed erucic acid synthesis in rapeseed. A B. napus BAC library was screened, and loci in a reference mapping population (TNDH) were mapped to conclude that there are two paralogous copies of FAE1, one on each of the B. napus A and C genomes. A new procedure is demonstrated to identify novel mutations in situations where two or more very similar paralogous gene copies exist in a genome. The procedure involves TILLING of single plants, using existing SNPs as a positive control, and is able to distinguish novel mutations based on primer pairs designed to amplify both FAE1 paralogues simultaneously. The procedure was applied to 1344 M2 plants, with 19 mutations identified, of which three were functionally compromised with reduced seed erucic acid content.
Therapeutic monoclonals (1995)

Conference Article| November 01 1995 Therapeutic monoclonals E. Boleti; E. Boleti ‡ *Department of Immunology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 ONN, U.K.†Tumour Targeting Laboratory, ICRF Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Oncology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS, U.K. ‡To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. J. T. George; A. J. T. George *Department of Immunology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 ONN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. A. Epenetos A. A. Epenetos †Tumour Targeting Laboratory, ICRF Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Oncology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (4): 1044–1047. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0231044 Article history Received: June 28 1995 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation E. Boleti, A. J. T. George, A. A. Epenetos; Therapeutic monoclonals. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1995; 23 (4): 1044–1047. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0231044 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Vapor Phase Boric Acid Treatments for Cotton Batting To Meet U.S. Mattress Flammability Standard Ff 4-72 (1976)

The U.S. Mattress Flammability Standard FF 4-72 imple mented in December 1973 requires that mattresses resist ignition by lighted cigarettes placed on the bare mattress surfaces at specified loca tions, as well as similar tests where the cigarettes are placed between two sheets. This standard, while implying flammability, really measures resist ance of cotton mattresses to the initiation of smoldering combustion. Smoldering combustion is defined as a slow oxidation directly from the solid phase. Phosphorus containing flame retardants that impart excellent glow resistance in the context of open flame tests are inadequate to pre vent smoldering combustion in mattresses. Boric acid, although not con sidered an efficient or effective flame retardant, when applied to cotton batting yields products that will pass FF 4-72. Current processes for the treatment of cotton batting with boric acid utilize immersion-padding, spray, or dry powder techniques. These processes require either large amounts of energy or excessive chemical add-on. A process employing methanol and boric acid, which readily forms volatile methyl borate at ambient temperature, has been developed. This process takes advantage of the hydrolysis of methyl borate to boric acid when the vapors contact moisture within and on the cotton, as shown by the following reaction:
A New Spectroscopic Approach to the Determination of Helical Secondary Structure in Ribonucleic Acids (1963)

The notion that ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules might be endowed with a unique three-dimensional structure arose relatively recently. A body of evidence on this point was first presented in 1959 (Doty et al.); only in 1960 was sufficient information available to allow presentation of a general proposal for the molecular structure of RNA (Fresco et al. 1960). It was suggested at that time that all types of RNA molecules, transfer, ribosomal and viral, contain a major proportion of their bases in helical regions of the DNA type. Thus, the only base pairs are adenine-uracil (A-U) and guanine-cytosine (G-C). These intrachain interactions are made possible by hairpin turns, involving three or more non-bonded residues, in the polynucleotide backbone. Imperfections in this helical structure result in non-bonded residues, separating ordered segments or helical regions. In addition, it was shown that non-bonded residues can be looped out of the core of the...
Prenatal risk factors for Caesarean section. Analyses of the ALSPAC cohort of 12 944 women in England (2005)

A careful exploration of risk factors may allow us to identify reasons for the increasing rates of Caesarean section and the marked variation between institutions.
Heightened Tissue Factor Associated With Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor and Prognosis in Patients With Unstable Angina (1999)

We have demonstrated that not only the plasma TF levels but also the plasma-free TFPI levels are elevated in patients with unstable angina. Patients with unstable angina and heightened TF and free TFPI are at increased risk for unfavorable outcomes. The heightened TF level was a more important predictor in patients with unstable angina.
New standards-based software enhances real-time I/O performance (2002)

Today's data acquisition and control system designers are being challenged by ever-increasing channel counts, higher scan rates end the demand for faster real-time performance in the systems that they must configure. To meet these needs, KineticSystems Corporation has derived the Reality software package through technology transfer from the Department of Energy. This paper describes the open client/server architecture of the Reality software package. The host software runs on UNIX-based workstations end communicates with the I/O chassis using TCP/IP protocol. The key to the high I/O performance is the use of VxWorks/sup (TM/), a rest-time kernel, in the controller for each I/O chassis. Also described is how this software includes intelligent data acquisition as well as real-time display, analysis and control. In order to provide the high transfer rates needed for the acquired data from a number of VXI I/O chassis to a hard disk, this software can be combined with a high-speed fiber-optic interconnect. This paper also describes two large applications where this software is being employed. They include the monitoring of static end dynamic data from large wind tunnels and the testing of rocket motors. Additionally, this software fulfils the Department of Defense directive to use COTS (commercial-off-the-shelf) products, based on recognized standards, whenever possible. Also discussed is the quite positive experience with technology transfer and the benefits derived by the US Government as well as by the commercial marketplace.
Recombinant antibodies for cancer diagnosis and therapy (2001)

Recombinant antibodies now represent over 30% of biopharmaceuticals in clinical trials, highlighted by the recent approvals for cancer immunotherapy from the FDA which has awoken the biotechnology industry. Sales of these antibodies are increasing very rapidly to a predicted US$ 3 billion per annum worldwide by 2002. Since the development of new therapeutic reagent into commercial product takes 10 years, the recent FDA-approved antibodies are based on early antibody designs which are now considered primitive. Emerging technologies have created a vast range of novel, recombinant, antibody-based reagents which specifically target clinical biomarkers of disease. In the past year, radiolabelling of antibodies has increased their potential for cancer imaging and targeting. Recombinant antibodies have also been reduced in size and rebuilt into multivalent molecules for higher affinity. In addition, antibodies have been fused with many molecules including toxins, enzymes and viruses for prodrug therapy, cancer treatment and gene delivery. Recombinant antibody technology has enabled clever manipulations in the construction of complex antibody library repertoires for the selection of high-affinity reagents against refractory targets. Although phage display remains the most extensively used method, this year high affinity reagents have been isolated using alternative display and selection systems such as ribosome display and yeast display confirming the emergence of new display methods. Furthermore, innovative affinity maturation strategies have been developed to obtain high affinity reagents. This review focuses on developments in the last 12 months and describes the latest developments in the design, production and clinical use of recombinant antibodies for cancer diagnosis and therapy.