gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reversible inhibition of oligodendrocyte progenitor differentiation by a monoclonal antibody against surface galactolipids. (1989)

We have hypothesized that oligodendrocyte (OL) surface glycolipids, specifically galactocerebroside and sulfatide, play a role in the regulation of OL development by acting as sensors/transmitters of environment information. In support of this hypothesis we report here a reversible inhibition of OL progenitor cell differentiation by a monoclonal antibody [Ranscht mAb (R-mAb); Ranscht, B., Clapshaw, P. A. & Seifert, W. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2709-2713] that reacts with these glycolipids. When isolated OL progenitors or mixed primary cultures are grown in the presence of the antibody, myelinogenic development is blocked in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations as low as 2 micrograms of IgG per ml. The inhibited cells express the OL progenitor markers O4 and vimentin but are negative for galactosylcerebroside, sulfatide, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase, myelin basic protein, and myelin basic protein RNA expression. In contrast, the levels of total cellular protein and the expression of astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein in mixed cultures are not affected. Antibody-blocked cells have a distinctive morphology in which long, sparsely branched processes emanate from round cell bodies. Upon removing the perturbing antibody, the cells rapidly resume differentiation. Reverted mixed primary cultures, in which OL progenitors of several sequential developmental stages are present at the time of plating, differentiate more rapidly than control cultures, suggesting that the antibody-induced block results in a synchronization of developmental progression along the OL lineage by accumulating cells at the inhibition point. However, the normal temporal sequence of marker expression is maintained. Control studies with several other antibodies recognizing OL cell surface antigens, including HNK-1, neural cellular adhesion molecule (N-CAM), 1A9, anticholesterol, and O1, did not inhibit development. Since the inhibition occurs in highly enriched populations of OL progenitors, the inhibition does not involve cell-cell interactions between OLs and other cell types but concerns interactions of OLs with themselves, soluble factors, or OL extracellular matrix molecules and adhesion factors that provide essential environmental signals required for normal myelinogenic development.
Adrenocortical Cells Immortalized by Telomerase: Potential Use for Ex Vivo Gene Therapy (2000)

Telomerization, the process of immortalization of normal cells by expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), could be of great use in biomedicine if the process allows cells to retain their normal properties and does not promote neoplastic transformation. In this article, we review the data on the potential uses of telomerized cells in ex vivo gene therapy, and discuss the issue of the potential risks of the use of this technology. We present preliminary data on the transplantation of telomerized bovine adrenocortical cells in the rat brain. Like other cell types, adrenocortical cells may be engineered to secrete desirable gene products. Currently, problems of immune rejection limit the usefulness of this potential therapy. We discuss future improvements in this cell transplantation system that could address these questions. Telomerization, by removing the senescence barrier to unlimited cell proliferation, will greatly aid the genetic modification of cells in order to solve the issue of immune rejection and other problems.
Plant signal transduction (2002)

1. Signal transduction in plants: cross talk with the environment 2. Light perception and signal transduction 3. Wound- and mechanical signalling 4. The role of active oxygen species in plant signal transduction 5. Heat stress-induced signalling 6. Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction in cold acclimation 7. Dehydration stress signal transduction 8. Salt stress signal transduction in plants 9. Recognition and defense signalling in plant/bacterial and fungal interactions 10. Signalling in plant-virus interactions 11. LCO signalling in the interaction between rhizobia and legumes 12. Rhizospheric signals and early molecular events in the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis 13. Signalling in plant-insect interactions: signal transduction in direct and indirect plant defence
Hydrazide pharmaceuticals as conjugates to polyaldehyde dextran: syntheses, characterization, and stability (1990)

The coupling of ellipticine and CI-921, two antineoplastic pharmaceuticals, to polyaldehyde dextran can be carried out under mild reaction conditions with novel acid hydrazides of the parent drugs. The resulting acyl hydrazones resist hydrolytic and enzymatic cleavage and offer a method for drug loading via dextran conjugates to monoclonal antibodies.
Classification of amyloidosis by laser microdissection and mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis in clinical biopsy specimens (2009)

The clinical management of amyloidosis is based on the treatment of the underlying etiology, and accurate identification of the protein causing the amyloidosis is of paramount importance. Current methods used for typing of amyloidosis such as immunohistochemistry have low specificity and sensitivity. In this study, we report the development of a highly specific and sensitive novel test for the typing of amyloidosis in routine clinical biopsy specimens. Our approach combines specific sampling by laser microdissection (LMD) and analytical power of tandem mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analysis. We studied 50 cases of amyloidosis that were well-characterized by gold standard clinicopathologic criteria (training set) and an independent validation set comprising 41 cases of cardiac amyloidosis. By use of LMD/MS, we identified the amyloid type with 100% specificity and sensitivity in the training set and with 98% in validation set. Use of the LMD/MS method will enhance our ability to type amyloidosis accurately in clinical biopsy specimens.
Direct recovery ofin vitrotranscripts in a protected form suitable for prolonged storage and shipment at ambient temperatures (1989)

Journal Article Direct recovery of in vitro transcripts in a protected form suitable for prolonged storage and shipment at ambient temperatures Get access I. Jupin, I. Jupin Present addresses: + Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes, CNRS, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67000 Strasbourg, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D.E. Sleat, D.E. Sleat § Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P.A.C. Watkins, P.A.C. Watkins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T.M.A. Wilson T.M.A. Wilson * * To whom correspondence is to be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 2, 25 January 1989, Page 815, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.2.815 Published: 25 January 1989
High-Performance Control of a Single-Phase Shunt Active Filter (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Shunt active power filters are devices, connected in parallel with nonlinear and reactive loads, which are in charge of compensating these characteristics in order to assure the quality of the distribution network. This paper analyzes the dynamics of a dc bus split-capacitor boost converter used as an active filter and proposes a control system which guarantees the desired closed-loop performance (unity power factor and load-current harmonics and reactive-power compensation). The proposed controller is hierarchically decomposed into two control loops, one in charge of shaping the network current and the other in charge of assuring the power balance. Unlike previous works that appeared in the literature, both control loops are analytically tuned. This paper describes the analytical design of the controller and presents some experimental results that show the good performance of the closed-loop system. </para>
PF00299804, an Irreversible Pan-ERBB Inhibitor, Is Effective in Lung Cancer Models with EGFR and ERBB2 Mutations that Are Resistant to Gefitinib (2007)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib are effective treatments for a subset of non-small cell lung cancers. In particular, cancers with specific EGFR-activating mutations seem to be the most sensitive to these agents. However, despite their initial response, such cancers almost invariably develop resistance. In 50% of such cancers, a secondary EGFR mutation, T790M, has been identified that renders gefitinib and erlotinib ineffective inhibitors of EGFR kinase activity. Thus, there is a clinical need to develop novel EGFR inhibitors that can effectively inactivate T790M-containing EGFR proteins. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of a novel compound, PF00299804, an irreversible pan-ERBB inhibitor. The results from these studies show that PF00299804 is a potent inhibitor of EGFR-activating mutations as well as the EGFR T790M resistance mutation both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, PF00299804 is a highly effective inhibitor of both the wild-type ERBB2 and the gefitinib-resistant oncogenic ERBB2 mutation identified in lung cancers. These preclinical evaluations support further clinical development of PF00299804 for cancers with mutations and/or amplifications of ERBB family members.
Virtual reality-enhanced stroke rehabilitation (2001)

A personal computer (PC)-based desktop virtual reality (VR) system was developed for rehabilitating hand function in stroke patients. The system uses two input devices, a CyberGlove and a Rutgers Master II-ND (RMII) force feedback glove, allowing user interaction with a virtual environment. This consists of four rehabilitation routines, each designed to exercise one specific parameter of hand movement: range, speed, fractionation or strength. The use of performance-based target levels is designed to increase patient motivation and individualize exercise difficulty to a patient's current state. Pilot clinical trials have been performed using the above system combined with noncomputer tasks, such as pegboard insertion or tracing of two-dimensional (2-D) patterns. Three chronic stroke patients used this rehabilitation protocol daily for two weeks. Objective measurements showed that each patient showed improvement on most of the hand parameters over the course of the training. Subjective evaluation by the patients was also positive. This technical report focuses on this newly developed technology for VR rehabilitation.
p53: A Frequent Target for Genetic Abnormalities in Lung Cancer (1989)

Allele loss is a hallmark of chromosome regions harboring recessive oncogenes. Lung cancer frequently demonstrates loss of heterozygosity on 17p. Recent evidence suggests that the p53 gene located on 17p13 has many features of such an antioncogene. The p53 gene was frequently mutated or inactivated in all types of human lung cancer. The genetic abnormalities of p53 include gross changes such as homozygous deletions and abnormally sized messenger RNAs along with a variety of point or small mutations, which map to the p53 open reading frame and change amino acid sequence in a region highly conserved between mouse and man. In addition, very low or absent expression of p53 messenger RNA in lung cancer cell lines compared to normal lung was seen. These findings, coupled with the previous demonstration of 17p allele loss in lung cancer, strongly implicate p53 as an anti-oncogene whose disruption is involved in the pathogenesis of human lung cancer.
Chimeric tumor necrosis factor receptors with constitutive signaling activity. (1995)

Many hormone and cytokine receptors are crosslinked by their specific ligands, and multimerization is an essential step leading to the generation of a signal. In the case of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors (TNF-Rs), antibody-induced crosslinking is sufficient to trigger a cytolytic effect. However, the quaternary structural requirements for signaling--i.e., the formation of dimers, trimers, or higher-order multimers--have remained obscure. Moreover, it has not been clear whether the 55-kDa or 75-kDa TNF-R is responsible for initiation of cytolysis. We reasoned that an obligate receptor dimer, targeted to the plasma membrane, might continuously signal the presence of TNF despite the actual absence of the ligand. Such a molecule, inserted into an appropriate vector, could be used to project receptor-specific "TNF-like" activity to specific cells and tissues in vivo. Accordingly, we constructed sequences encoding chimeric receptors in which the extracellular domain of the mouse erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R) was fused to the "stem," transmembrane domain, and cytoplasmic domain of the two mouse TNF-Rs. Thus, the Epo-R group was used to drive dimerization of the TNF-R cytoplasmic domain. These chimeric proteins were well expressed in a variety of cell lines and bound erythropoietin at the cell surface. Both the 55-kDa and the 75-kDa Epo/TNF-R chimeras exerted a constitutive cytotoxic effect detected by cotransfection or clonogenic assay. Thus, despite the lack of structural homology between the cytoplasmic domains of the two TNF-Rs, a similar signaling endpoint was observed. Moreover, dimerization (rather than trimerization or higher-order multimerization) was sufficient for elicitation of a biological response.
Evidence That Protein Kinase Cε Mediates Phorbol Ester Inhibition of Calphostin C- and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Apoptosis in U937 Histiocytic Lymphoma Cells (1998)

Protein kinase C (PKC) activators, such as the tumor-promoting phorbol esters, have been reported to protect several cell lines from apoptosis induced by a variety of agents. Recent evidence suggests that PKCepsilon is involved in protection of cardiac myocytes from hypoxia-induced cell death (Gray, M. O., Karliner, J. S., and Mochly-Rosen, D. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30945-30951). We investigated the protective effects of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on U937 histiocytic lymphoma cells induced to undergo apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or by the specific PKC inhibitor calphostin C. U937 cells were transiently permeabilized with a peptide (epsilonV1-2) derived from the V1 region of PKCepsilon that has been reported to specifically block translocation of PKCepsilon. The epsilonV1-2 peptide blocked the inhibitory effect of TPA on both TNF-alpha- and calphostin C-induced apoptosis. A scrambled version of epsilonV1-2 and a peptide reported to inhibit PKCbeta translocation (betaC2-4) had no effect on the ability of TPA to inhibit apoptosis. These results suggest that PKCepsilon is required for the protective effect of TPA in TNF-alpha- and calphostin C-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, calphostin C reduced membrane-associated PKCepsilon activity and immunoreactivity, suggesting that PKCepsilon may play an important role in leukemic cell survival.
Energy Metabolism in the Liver (2014)

The liver is an essential metabolic organ, and its metabolic function is controlled by insulin and other metabolic hormones. Glucose is converted into pyruvate through glycolysis in the cytoplasm, and pyruvate is subsequently oxidized in the mitochondria to generate ATP through the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. In the fed state, glycolytic products are used to synthesize fatty acids through de novo lipogenesis. Long-chain fatty acids are incorporated into triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and/or cholesterol esters in hepatocytes. These complex lipids are stored in lipid droplets and membrane structures, or secreted into the circulation as very low-density lipoprotein particles. In the fasted state, the liver secretes glucose through both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. During pronged fasting, hepatic gluconeogenesis is the primary source for endogenous glucose production. Fasting also promotes lipolysis in adipose tissue, resulting in release of nonesterified fatty acids which are converted into ketone bodies in hepatic mitochondria though β-oxidation and ketogenesis. Ketone bodies provide a metabolic fuel for extrahepatic tissues. Liver energy metabolism is tightly regulated by neuronal and hormonal signals. The sympathetic system stimulates, whereas the parasympathetic system suppresses, hepatic gluconeogenesis. Insulin stimulates glycolysis and lipogenesis but suppresses gluconeogenesis, and glucagon counteracts insulin action. Numerous transcription factors and coactivators, including CREB, FOXO1, ChREBP, SREBP, PGC-1α, and CRTC2, control the expression of the enzymes which catalyze key steps of metabolic pathways, thus controlling liver energy metabolism. Aberrant energy metabolism in the liver promotes insulin resistance, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.
The Evolution of Data Switching for PBX's (1985)

This paper compares and contrasts the different traffic requirements of both voice and data communications. The role of evolving PBX technology in solving data communication needs is outlined, beginning with the analog PBX's of the 1970's and the digital-switching technology of the 1980's. The evolution of packet switching, and its superiority over traditional circuit switching for solving data communications needs, is analyzed. The paper concludes by describing a PBX implementation that takes advantage of circuit- and packet-switching technologies and thus offers a truly integrated multipurpose communications switch.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Antibody Down-regulates Mutant Receptors and Inhibits Tumors Expressing EGFR Mutations (2006)

Activating mutations in the kinase domain of the EGF receptor have been reported in non-small cell lung cancer. The majority of tumors expressing these mutants are sensitive to ATP mimetics that inhibit the EGFR tyrosine kinase. The effect of antibodies that bind to the ectodomain of the receptor is less clear. We report herein the effects and mechanisms of action of the antibody cetuximab in lung cancer cells that naturally express receptor mutations and in ErbB-null 32D hematopoietic cells transfected with mutant EGFR. Treatment with cetuximab down-regulated EGFR levels and inhibited cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. This was associated with inhibition of ligand-independent EGFR signaling. These effects were seen in 32D cells arguing the growth inhibitory action was not because of the blockade of autocrine ligand action. Both antibody-induced EGFR down-regulation and inhibition of growth required receptor dimerization as monovalent Fab fragments only eliminated receptor levels or reduced cell proliferation in the presence of antihuman IgG. Finally, cetuximab inhibited growth of H1975 lung cancer cells and xenografts, which expressed L858R/T790M EGFR and were resistant to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These data suggest that cetuximab is an effective therapy against mutant EGFR-expressing cancer cells and thus can be considered in combination with other anti-EGFR molecules.
Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana infections (1996)

Bartonella (formerly Rochalimaea) quintana is the etiological agent of trench fever, a disease extensively reported during the World Wars. Recent molecular biology approaches have allowed dramatic extension of the spectrum of Bartonella infections. B. quintana is now also recognized as an etiological agent of fever and bacteremia, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, and chronic lymphadenopathy. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and/or homeless people are the most vulnerable to infection. Poverty and louse infestation were the main epidemiological factors associated with B. quintana infections during wartime. Although poverty and chronic alcoholism have been associated with modern cases of trench fever and bacteremia due to B. quintana in Europe and the United States, vectors for B. quintana have not been clearly identified and B. quintana has not been isolated from modern-day lice. Microscopic bacillary angiomatosis lesions are characterized by tumor-like capillary lobules, with proliferating endothelial cells. In vitro experiments have shown that B. quintana survives within endothelial cells and stimulates cell proliferation. These observations, together with the finding that lesions may regress when antibiotic therapy is administered, strongly suggest that B. quintana itself stimulates angiogenesis. Bartonella infections are characterized by a high frequency of relapses after brief courses of antibiotic therapy. It is to be noted that in vitro, although Bartonella species are highly susceptible to antibiotics, only the aminoglycosides have proved to be bactericidal. However, the most effective antibiotic regimen for Bartonella infections remains to be established.
The Locking Protocol using Identifier in an Object-Oriented Database Systems (1994)

In this paper, a new locking protocol which can increase the concurrency in an Object Oriented Database Systems is proposed. The proposed locking protocol uses the Root object identifier to identify the root of a component object in a composite object. The transaction that requests a lock on the component object checks whether the Rid of the component object has been locked by another transaction. Even though the class of the component object is locked by one transaction, other transactions can concurrently access other instances in the class, if each Rid of them is not locked by any other transactions. This can increase the degree of concurrency.
Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization from Surfaces (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRing-Opening Metathesis Polymerization from SurfacesMarcus Weck, Jennifer J. Jackiw, Robert R. Rossi, Paul S. Weiss, and Robert H. GrubbsView Author Information Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125 Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 16, 4088–4089Publication Date (Web):April 14, 1999Publication History Received16 September 1998Published online14 April 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja983297yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja983297yrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2136Altmetric-Citations247LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Polymer brushes,Polymerization,Polymers,Scanning electron microscopy,Scanning tunneling microscopy Get e-Alerts