gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased expression of S100A6 (Calcyclin), a calcium-binding protein of the S100 family, in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. (2000)

The expression of S100A6 (also known as Calcyclin/2A9/ 5B10/PRA) in surgically resected human colorectal adenocarcinomas was examined to investigate whether S100A6 plays a role in the malignancy of human tumor cells. Western blot analysis using the lysates from colorectal adenocarcinomas and adjacent normal mucosa from 10 patients revealed that the average S100A6 level of adenocarcinomas was significantly higher (about 2.4-fold) than that of normal mucosa. Immunohistochemical analysis using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens and monoclonal anti-S100A6 antibody (mAbA6) demonstrated that 2(5%) of 42 normal mucosa and 6 (46%) of 13 adenoma specimens were mAbA6-positive and showed granular staining localized at the supranuclear regions of epithelial cells, whereas 23 (55%) of 42 adenocarcinomas and 13 (100%) of 13 carcinoma cells that metastasized to the liver were mAbA6-positive and showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining. A significant correlation between S100A6 expression and Dukes' tumor stage or lymphatic permeation but not with other clinicopathological factors was shown. S100A6 was stained more intensely in peripheral portions than in central portions of adenocarcinomas, whereas Ki-67 (a growth marker) was stained equally in these two portions. These results suggest that S100A6 may be involved in the progression and invasive process of human colorectal adenocarcinomas.
Combination therapy with interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis (2007)

The results underline the need for a randomized trial of IFN-beta + GA in MS.
Fabrication of nanostructures with long-range order using block copolymer lithography (2002)

Block copolymer lithography makes use of the self-assembling properties of block copolymers to pattern nanoscale features over large areas. Although the resulting patterns have good short-range order, the lack of long-range order limits their utility in some applications. This work presents a lithographically assisted self-assembly method that allows ordered arrays of nanostructures to be formed by spin casting a block copolymer over surfaces patterned with shallow grooves. The ordered block copolymer domain patterns are then transferred into an underlying silica film using a single etching step to create a well-ordered hierarchical structure consisting of arrays of silica pillars with 20 nm feature sizes and aspect ratios greater than 3.
Activated CD47 promotes pulmonary arterial hypertension through targeting caveolin-1 (2012)

Activated CD47 is upregulated in experimental and human PAH and promotes disease by limiting Cav-1 inhibition of dysregulated eNOS.
T H 1 and T H 2 Cell Antigen Receptors in Experimental Leishmaniasis (1993)

The complexity and chronicity of parasitic infections have obscured the identification of biologically relevant antigens. Analysis of the T cell receptor repertoire used by mice infected with Leishmania major revealed the expansion of a restricted population of CD4+ cells. These cells expressed the V alpha 8-J alpha TA72, V beta 4 heterodimer in both progressive infection and protective immunity and across several major histocompatibility haplotypes. Thus, the same immunodominant parasite epitope drives the disparate outcomes of this infectious process, suggesting that candidate vaccine antigens selected by screening of immune individuals may be capable of exacerbating disease in genetically susceptible individuals.
Porous silicon multilayer structures: A photonic band gap analysis (2002)

A photonic model for freshly anodized porous silicon multilayer structures is presented. The photonic structures are composed of alternating high and low dielectric function porous silicon layers. The model takes into account the presence of silicon dioxide and its lattice expansion in the porous structure. We work with oxidized structures and our results fit completely the experimentally measured optical shift.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of preterm delivery. (2005)

Preterm delivery (PD) is characterized both by increased neonatal morbidity and mortality and by important late pathologic sequelae. From a clinical stand-point, PD may results from a medical condition where the continuation of pregnancy could bring about a marked risk for the foetus and/or for the mother, or from an adverse event where the pregnancy is going to end spontaneously before 37 weeks of gestation. In the past few years some epidemiological studies have shown that diet may interfere with complex multifactorial processes contributing to the preterm triggering of labour. The attention has been focused on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as alpha-linoleic acid, precursor of Omega-3 series, and linoleic acid, precursor Omega-6 series. Their importance in modulating Prostaglandin concentrations at different levels is already known. Moreover, it has been reported that in clinical situation, such as PD, the endogenous levels of PUFA are unbalanced, with a Omega-6 predominance. Experimental, observational and clinical studies suggest that dietary intake of Omega-3 fatty acids is capable of significantly prolonging the duration of gestation in the range of 4-7 days; such prolongation would possibly occur through the inhibition of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha. In Western population dietary intake of Omega-3 appears to be marginal, and recommended assumption could be reached only by a ten-fold increase in blue fish ingestion. The recommended intake of EPA + DHA should be 1.4 g/daily with a 1:2.5 EPA:DHA. It is therefore possible to conclude that in light of controlled clinical studies and of the actual categories of risk for preterm delivery, the dietary supplementation of Omega-3, in addition to other pharmacological measures (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate), could be implemented for the secondary and/or tertiary prophylaxis of preterm delivery.
A role for exosomes in the constitutive and stimulus-induced ectodomain cleavage of L1 and CD44 (2006)

Ectodomain shedding is a proteolytic mechanism by which transmembrane molecules are converted into a soluble form. Cleavage is mediated by metalloproteases and proceeds in a constitutive or inducible fashion. Although believed to be a cell-surface event, there is increasing evidence that cleavage can take place in intracellular compartments. However, it is unknown how cleaved soluble molecules get access to the extracellular space. By analysing L1 (CD171) and CD44 in ovarian carcinoma cells, we show in the present paper that the cleavage induced by ionomycin, APMA (4-aminophenylmercuric acetate) or MCD (methyl-beta-cyclodextrin) is initiated in an endosomal compartment that is subsequently released in the form of exosomes. Calcium influx augmented the release of exosomes containing functionally active forms of ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10) and ADAM17 [TACE (tumour necrosis factor a-converting enzyme)] as well as CD44 and L1 cytoplasmic cleavage fragments. Cleavage could also proceed in released exosomes, but only depletion of ADAM10 by small interfering RNA blocked cleavage under constitutive and induced conditions. In contrast, cleavage of L1 in response to PMA occurred at the cell surface and was mediated by ADAM17. We conclude that different ADAMs are involved in distinct cellular compartments and that ADAM10 is responsible for shedding in vesicles. Our findings open up the possibility that exosomes serve as a platform for ectodomain shedding and as a vehicle for the cellular export of soluble molecules.
VerbNet overview, extensions, mappings and applications (2009)

The goal of this tutorial is to introduce and discuss VerbNet, a broad coverage verb lexicon freely available on-line. VerbNet contains explicit syntactic and semantic information for classes of verbs and has mappings to several other widely-used lexical resources, including WordNet, PropBank, and FrameNet. Since its first release in 2005 VerbNet is being used by a large number of researchers as a means of characterizing verbs and verb classes.
UPLC-MS/MS Determination of Phentolamine in Human Plasma and its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study (2014)

A sensitive and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine phentolamine in human plasma. Sample preparation was accomplished through a simple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using an isocratic mobile phase system composed of acetonitrile and 1% formic acid in water (33:67, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min. Mass spectrometric analysis was performed using a QTrap5500 mass spectrometer coupled with an electro-spray ionization (ESI) source in the positive ion mode. The MRM transitions of m/z 282.1 → 212.0 and m/z 237.1 → 194.2 were used to quantify for phentolamine and carbamazepine (internal standard, IS), respectively. The linearity of this method was found to be within the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/mL. Only 1.0 min was needed for an analytical run. This fully validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of 60 mg phentolamine to 20 Chinese healthy male volunteers.
I3R: A new approach to the design of document retrieval systems (1987)

The most effective method of improving the retrieval performance of a document retrieval system is to acquire a detailed specification of the user's information need. The system described in this article, I3R, provides a number of facilities and search strategies based on this approach. The system uses a novel architecture to allow more than one system facility to be used at a given stage of a search session. Users influence the system actions by stating goals they wish to achieve, by evaluating system output, and by choosing particular facilities directly. The other main features of I3R are an emphasis on domain knowledge used for refining the model of the information need, and the provision of a browsing mechanism that allows the user to navigate through the knowledge base. © 1987 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Situ Hybridization Using Synthetic Oligomers as Probes for Centromere and Telomere Repeats (2003)

Telomeres and centromeres are critical structural and functional elements of eukaryotic chromosomes. Thus, they are important to our understanding of the organization and management of complex genomes. Termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are characterized by short, tandem repeats with a G-rich sequence on the 3′ end of the DNA strands. The telomeres of humans and all other vertebrates analyzed to date contain the same telomere repeat sequence, (TTAGGG)n (1, 2). In situ hybridization of telomere repeat probes has become a useful adjunct to the molecular analysis of eukaryotic chromosome ends. Fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of the (TTAGGG)n sequence at the chromosomal ends and provided a visual documentation that all telomeres in the genome have the same terminal repeat. During the last 5 years, in situ hybridization of the telomere sequence has been used for a variety of studies (1– 17). The integrity of the telomere as a structural and functional necessity for accurate chromosomal distribution during cell division has been supported by these studies.
Metformin Inhibits Hepatic Gluconeogenesis Through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase–Dependent Regulation of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor SHP (2007)

We have concluded that metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis through AMPK-dependent regulation of SHP.
Frequency ambiguity resolution in OFDM systems (2000)

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, the carrier-frequency offset can be divided into two parts: (1) an integer one-multiple of the subcarrier spacing 1/T and (2) a fractional one-less than 1/2T in amplitude. Some schemes proposed in the literature can only recover the fractional part. We derive two algorithms for estimating the integer part. They are based on the observation of two consecutive OFDM symbols. The first algorithm exploits pilot symbols multiplexed with the data, the other is blind.
Ischemic Postconditioning as a Novel Avenue to Protect against Brain Injury after Stroke (2009)

Ischemic postconditioning initially referred to a stuttering reperfusion performed immediately after reperfusion, for preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in both myocardial and cerebral infarction. It has evolved into a concept that can be induced by a broad range of stimuli or triggers, and may even be performed as late as 6 h after focal ischemia and 2 days after transient global ischemia. The concept is thought to be derived from ischemic preconditioning or partial/gradual reperfusion, but in fact the first experiment for postconditioning was carried out much earlier than that of preconditioning or partial/gradual reperfusion, in the research on myocardial ischemia. This review first examines the protective effects and parameters of postconditioning in various cerebral ischemic models. Thereafter, it provides insights into the protective mechanisms of postconditioning associated with reperfusion injury and the Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase C (PKC), and ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel cell signaling pathways. Finally, some open issues and future challenges regarding clinical translation of postconditioning are discussed.
Thermal coagulation of serum proteins in cancer, in the postoperative phase of surgery, and in the administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (1950)

nature of the serum proteins in patients with cancer has been the subject of considerable ~t u d y . 2 ~ Recently, Huggins, Miller, and Jensen submitted a quantitative method for estimating the thermal coagulability of these proteins.''Employing the lowest concentration of total serum protein necessary to undergo thermal coagulation under certain standardized conditions as one criterion of such coagulability, Huggins and his associates found that in seventy-six, or 92 per cent, of eighty-three patients with cancer, a concentration of at least 1.5 gm. per 100 cc. was required for coagulation.I n contrast, in twenty-one (21 per cent) of 101 cases with noncancerous disease (including tuberculosis), and in none, or 0 per cent, of eightyfour
Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with AIDS (1994)

The prolonged survival of profoundly immunocompromised patients with AIDS has contributed to the increasing recognition of aspergillus infections as an emerging problem. Nevertheless, many of these infections continue to be diagnosed only at autopsy. In this article we review details of 293 reported cases. Invasive aspergillosis occurs in advanced AIDS and most commonly affects the lungs, although brain involvement has also been frequently reported. The diagnosis is often difficult to make while the patient is alive, although examination of specimens obtained via bronchoalveolar lavage, percutaneous needle aspiration, or biopsy is often successful. Biopsy of the affected organ along with histologic examination and culture may be necessary for diagnosis. The dismal prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with AIDS can be improved only with earlier diagnosis of disease and the availability of more-effective antifungal regimens.
Reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of OFDM Signals Through Precoding (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) techniques allow the transmission of high data rates over broadband radio channels subject to multipath fading without the need for powerful channel equalization. However, they are very sensitive to nonlinear effects due to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) owned by their transmitted signals. This paper proposes an efficient technique for reducing the PAPR of OFDM signals. The proposed technique is data-independent and, thus, does not require new processing and optimization for each transmitted OFDM block. The reduction in PAPR of the OFDM signal is obtained through a proper selection of a precoding scheme that distributes the power of each modulated symbol over the OFDM block. The obtained results show that this precoding scheme is an attractive solution to the PAPR problem of OFDM signals. It is shown, through computer simulations, that the PAPR of precoded OFDM signals approaches that of single-carrier signals. The good improvement in PAPR given by the present technique permits the reduction of the complexity and cost of the transmitter significantly. The precoding schemes also take advantage of the frequency variations of the communication channel and can provide considerable performance gain in fading-multipath channels. </para>
Inhibition of delayed-type contact hypersensitivity in mice deficient in both E-selectin and P-selectin (1996)

Leukocyte rolling and emigration in response to inflammatory stimuli appears to involve both E-selectin- and P-selectin-dependent adhesion, which suggests that these molecules have overlapping functions. To clarify their relative contributions in chronic inflammation, we examined delayed-type contact hypersensitivity (DTH) responses in P-selectin, E-selectin, and E-/P-selectin-deficient mice. Oxazolone-induced increases in ear thickness and ear weight were equivalent in wild-type mice and in P-selectin and E-selectin mutants, but were significantly reduced in E-/P-selectin mutants. The number and area of microabscesses on the ears of E-/P-deficient mice were decreased by 72% and 93%, and the number of leukocytes invading the subdermal ear tissue was reduced. T cells from E-/P-deficient mice transferred oxazolone reactivity into naive wild-type mice. However, when donor T cells from wild-type mice were transferred into E-/P-selectin-deficient mice, the DTH response was significantly impaired. These results show that leukocyte recruitment into a subacute inflammatory reaction can occur when either P-selectin or E-selectin is present, but is significantly reduced when both selectins are absent. Both P- and E-selectin are likely to play important roles in the development and maintenance of inflammatory diseases.
Multi-carrier code division multiple access (1997)

4.23 LMS convergence for MC-CDMA with 30 users (p = 0.0001) Eb/NO = 10 dB . . 4.24 RLS convergence for MC-CDMA with 30 users (.A = 1.0)Eb/No = 0 dB ........ 4.25 RLS convergence for MC-CDMA with 30 users = 1.0)Eb/NO = 10 dB ....... 4.26 MC-CDMA receiver BER after 1000 iterations using the LMS (p = 1 x 10) . . 4.27 MC-CDMA receive BER after 1000 iterations using the RLS (A = 1.00) ........ 4.28 Block training structure ................
Identification of the protein encoded by rodC, a cell division gene from Bacillus subtilis (1988)

Summary The rodC 1 mutation of Bacillus subtilis is a temperature‐sensitive marker which affects the orientation of the plane of cell division. We have cloned the rodC gene and have localized the site of the rodC 1 lesion. To identify the rodC gene product, we have subjected several plasmid clones containing B. subtilis chromosomal DNA from the rodC region to maxicell analysis in Escherichia coli. A 68 kiloDalton protein has been identified as the rodC gene product. This is the initial cloning of a cell division gene and the identification of its product from B. subtilis. The rodC gene has also been implicated as being directly associated with the synthesis of glycerol teichoic acid.
Thermodynamics of radiation-balanced lasing (2003)

Athermal lasers dispose of their waste heat in the form of spontaneous fluorescence (i.e., by laser cooling) to avoid warming the medium. The thermodynamics of this process is discussed both qualitatively and quantitatively from the point of view of the first and second laws. The steady-state optical dynamics of an ytterbium-doped KGd(WO4)2 fiber is analyzed as a model radiation-balanced solid-state laser. A Carnot efficiency for all-optical amplification is derived in terms of the energy and entropy transported by the pump, fluorescence, and laser beams. This efficiency is compared with the performance of the model system.
High Molecular Weight Polyglycerol-Based Multivalent Mannose Conjugates (2010)

We report the synthesis and characterization of multivalent mannose conjugates based on high molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPG). A range of glycoconjugates were synthesized from high molecular weight HPGs (up to 493 kDa) and varying mannose units (22-303 per HPG). Hemagglutination assays using fresh human red blood cells and concanavalin A (Con A) showed that HPG-mannose conjugates exhibited a large enhancement in the relative potency of conjugates (as high as 40000) along with a significant increment in relative activity per sugar (up to 255). The size of the HPG scaffold and the number of mannose residues per HPG were all shown to influence the enhancement of binding interactions with Con A. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments confirmed the enhanced binding affinity and showed that both molecular size and ligand density play important roles. The enhancement in Con A binding to the high molecular weight HPG-mannose conjugates is due to a combination of inter- and intramolecular mannose binding. A few fold increments in the binding constant were obtained over mannose upon covalent attachment to HPG. The binding enhancement is due to the highly favorable entropic contribution to the multiple interactions of Con A to mannose residues on HPG. The high molecular weight HPG-mannose conjugates showed positive cooperativity in binding to Con A. Although carbohydrate density has less of an effect on functional valency of the conjugate compared to the molecular size, it determines the binding affinity.
Gene Expression Omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository (2002)

The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) project was initiated in response to the growing demand for a public repository for high-throughput gene expression data. GEO provides a flexible and open design that facilitates submission, storage and retrieval of heterogeneous data sets from high-throughput gene expression and genomic hybridization experiments. GEO is not intended to replace in house gene expression databases that benefit from coherent data sets, and which are constructed to facilitate a particular analytic method, but rather complement these by acting as a tertiary, central data distribution hub. The three central data entities of GEO are platforms, samples and series, and were designed with gene expression and genomic hybridization experiments in mind. A platform is, essentially, a list of probes that define what set of molecules may be detected. A sample describes the set of molecules that are being probed and references a single platform used to generate its molecular abundance data. A series organizes samples into the meaningful data sets which make up an experiment. The GEO repository is publicly accessible through the World Wide Web at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo.
Low-loss optical transmission through bent hollow metal waveguides (1977)

The transmission of 10.6-μm light in bent metal-walled waveguides of rectangular cross section is described both theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the bending loss per angle of bend in these waveguides is explicitly independent of waveguide height, bend radius, and light wavelength, depending only on the reflectivity of the waveguide walls. In confirming experiments, guides with aluminum walls showed 95% transmission per radian of bend for radii in the range from less than 1 cm to 1 m.