gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progresses towards a processing pipeline in photoplethysmogram (PPG) based on SiPMs (2017)

We report progresses in the development of a processing pipeline intended for photoplethysmogram (PPG) based on the use of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) detectors. Such probe sensors offer relevant advantages in terms of single-photon sensitivity and high internal gain for relatively low reverse bias. Along with the SiPMs detectors, an ad-hoc processing pipeline, we developed, offers advantages e.g. in order to correct signal distortions. The processing pipeline is composed by the PPG raw signal filter, consisting of a FIR pass-band scheme (low-pass filter plus high-pass ones), the PPG pattern recognition system, and completed with the medical indicators detection system and the indicators extraction.
THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HEMAGGLUTININ MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN OF INFLUENZA VIRUS (1987)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
The Translocon: A Dynamic Gateway at the ER Membrane (1999)

Cotranslational protein translocation across and integration into the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) occur at sites termed translocons. Translocons are composed of several ER membrane proteins that associate to form an aqueous pore through which secretory proteins and lumenal domains of membrane proteins pass from the cytoplasm to the ER lumen. These sites are not passive holes in the bilayer, but instead are quite dynamic both structurally and functionally. Translocons cycle between ribosome-bound and ribosome-free states, and convert between translocation and integration modes of operation. These changes in functional state are accompanied by structural rearrangements that alter translocon conformation, composition, and interactions with ligands such as the ribosome and BiP. Recent studies have revealed that the translocon is a complex and sophisticated molecular machine that regulates the movement of polypeptides through the bilayer, apparently in both directions as well as laterally into the bilayer, all while maintaining the membrane permeability barrier.
Deficiency in Serum Immunoglobulin (Ig)m Predisposes to Development of Igg Autoantibodies (2000)

Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M provides the initial response to foreign antigen and plays a regulatory role in subsequent immune response development, accelerating the production of high-affinity IgG. Here we show that mice deficient in serum IgM have an increased propensity to spontaneous autoimmunity as judged by the development with age of serum IgG anti-DNA antibodies and the renal deposition of IgG and complement. They also exhibit augmented anti-DNA IgG production on exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Thus, deficiency in serum IgM leads to diminished responsiveness to foreign antigens but increased responsiveness to self-a paradoxical association reminiscent of that described in humans deficient in complement or IgA. We wondered whether serum IgM might play an analogous role with regard to the response to self-antigens. However, here-in contrast to the sluggish response to foreign antigens-we find that deficiency in serum IgM actually predisposes to the development of IgG antibodies to autoantigens.
Click Chemistry on Surfaces:  1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Azide-Terminated Monolayers on Silica (2004)

Monolayers of 11-azido-undecylsiloxane were prepared on powdered silica and on silicon wafers by the substitution of 11-bromo-undecylsiloxane and were subsequently coupled with three substituted acetylenes R−C⋮C−R‘ (R, R‘ = C6H13, H (1); COOCH3, H (2); COOC2H5, COOC2H5 (3)) to yield 1,2,3 triazoles via the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The pathway and yield of the surface reactions were monitored by infrared spectroscopy and ellipsometry. No reaction was observed with 1, whereas 2 and 3 react quantitatively both on powdered silica and on flat wafer surfaces at a temperature of 70 °C without catalytic activation. Thus, the unique properties of this reaction in solution (high selectivity, quantitative yields, no byproducts, simple reaction conditions) seem to be transferable to surface-bound reactants and might provide access to a range of novel, functionalized surfaces by analogy to the Sharpless click chemistry concept for solution-phase synthesis.
The Effects of Divided Attention on Encoding- and Retrieval-Related Brain Activity: A PET Study of Younger and Older Adults (2000)

Divided attention (DA) disrupts episodic encoding, but has little effect on episodic retrieval. Furthermore, normal aging is associated with episodic memory impairments, and when young adults are made to encode information under DA conditions, their memory performance is reduced and resembles that of old adults working under full attention (FA) conditions. Together, these results suggest a common neurocognitive mechanism by which aging and DA during encoding disrupt memory performance. In the current study, we used PET to investigate younger and older adults' brain activity during encoding and retrieval under FA and DA conditions. In FA conditions, the old adults showed reduced activity in prefrontal regions that younger adults activated preferentially during encoding or retrieval, as well as increased activity in prefrontal regions young adults did not activate. These results indicate that prefrontal functional specificity of episodic memory is reduced by aging. During encoding, DA reduced memory performance, and reduced brain activity in left-prefrontal and medial-temporal lobe regions for both age groups, indicating that DA during encoding interferes with encoding processes that lead to better memory performance. During retrieval, memory performance and retrieval-related brain activity were relatively immune to DA for both age groups, suggesting that DA during retrieval does not interfere with the brain systems necessary for successful retrieval. Finally, left inferior prefrontal activity was reduced similarly by aging and by DA during encoding, suggesting that the behavioral correspondence between these effects is the result of a reduced ability to engage in elaborate encoding operations.
Contributions to the application of the Viterbi algorithm (1985)

The Viterbi algorithm is an efficient technique to estimate the state sequence of a discrete-time finite-state Markov process in the presence of memoryless noise. This work sets up a relationship to a general class of linear and nonlinear fast algorithms such as FFT, FWT, and optimal sorting. The performance of a Viterbi detector is a function of the minimum distance between signals in the observation space of the estimated Markov process. It is shown that this distance may efficiently be calculated with dynamic programming using a slightly modified Viterbi algorithm of an increased basis.
From Nanorings to Nanodots by Patterning with Block Copolymers (2008)

We demonstrate three different transfer patterns that can be achieved by use of a surface reconstructed block copolymer film where metal is evaporated onto the surface of the film, providing the contrast. Thin films of diblock copolymers having cylindrical microdomains oriented normal to the surface with long-range lateral order were used. Solvent reconstruction of the film, followed by a glancing angle metal evaporation and thermal annealing, led to three different decorations of the films with gold. These films were used as masks for pattern transfer of pores, columns, and rings to underlying substrate with high fidelity.
Mesoporous Silicate Sequestration and Release of Proteins (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMesoporous Silicate Sequestration and Release of ProteinsYong-Jin Han, Galen D. Stucky, and Alison ButlerView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 42, 9897–9898Publication Date (Web):October 13, 1999Publication History Received23 June 1999Published online13 October 1999Published inissue 1 October 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja992138rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja992138rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2102Altmetric-Citations323LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Phosphates,Porous materials,Sodium dodecyl sulfate Get e-Alerts
Visualization of Dislocation Dynamics in Colloidal Crystals (2004)

The dominant mechanism for creating large irreversible strain in atomic crystals is the motion of dislocations, a class of line defects in the crystalline lattice. Here we show that the motion of dislocations can also be observed in strained colloidal crystals, allowing detailed investigation of their topology and propagation. We describe a laser diffraction microscopy setup used to study the growth and structure of misfit dislocations in colloidal crystalline films. Complementary microscopic information at the single-particle level is obtained with a laser scanning confocal microscope. The combination of these two techniques enables us to study dislocations over a range of length scales, allowing us to determine important parameters of misfit dislocations such as critical film thickness, dislocation density, Burgers vector, and lattice resistance to dislocation motion. We identify the observed dislocations as Shockley partials that bound stacking faults of vanishing energy. Remarkably, we find that even on the scale of a few lattice vectors, the dislocation behavior is well described by the continuum approach commonly used to describe dislocations in atomic crystals.
Current trends in the assessment and somatic treatment of resistant/refractory major depression: An overview (2008)

A significant proportion of depressed patients eventually present with treatment-resistant/refractory major depression (TRD), a debilitating condition that imposes significant health, social, and economic burdens. Recently, a growing level of consensus has been reached on the general meaning of TRD, according to which, depression is considered resistant when at least two trials with antidepressants from different pharmacologic classes (adequate in terms of dose, duration, outcome, and compliance) failed to achieve clinical remission. Regarding the management of TRD, a two-step approach is suggested, involving first the evaluation of factors that may contribute to treatment nonresponse (such as comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions), and second, the use of the four classical strategies for enhancing antidepressant efficacy (namely optimization, augmentation, combination, and switching). Finally, future research on TRD should include studies addressing, among other issues, the validity of the proposed definitional criteria, the evaluation of reliable predictors of treatment outcome, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Amniotic Fluid Indices of Fetal Pulmonary Maturity With Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (2000)

In Brief Objective To evaluate the performance of the TDx/TDxFLx fetal lung maturity II assay (Abbott Laboratories; Abbott Park, IL) on amniotic fluid (AF) specimens collected vaginally from women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Methods We reviewed charts of patients with preterm PROM treated at Shands Hospital at the University of Florida from January 1, 1995, to June 30, 1999. Negative predictive values (prediction of the absence of neonatal respiratory distress) of mature (at or above 55 mg/g) and borderline (40–54 mg/g) test results were calculated for 153 women. Results Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurred with frequencies of one in 42 and three in 29 cases with mature and borderline test results, respectively. All cases of RDS were mild, defined as sustained tachypnea with or without need for supplemental oxygen. With an immature (less than 40 mg/g) test result, 20 of 82 infants developed RDS, and half of those cases were severe, defined as needing mechanical ventilation. Negative predictive values of mature and borderline tests were 97.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.9, 100) and 89.7% (95% CI, 78.3, 100), respectively. Conclusion Mature results from fetal lung maturity tests of vaginally collected AF predict the absence of RDS with a high degree of accuracy. Fetal lung maturity II test results indicating mature fetal lungs from vaginally collected amniotic fluid accurately predict the absence of neonatal respiratory distress.
Stereospecific Enzymatic Transformation of α-Ketoglutarate to (2S,3R)-3-Methyl Glutamate during Acidic Lipopeptide Biosynthesis (2007)

The acidic lipopeptides, including the calcium-dependent antibiotics (CDA), daptomycin, and A54145, are important macrocyclic peptide natural products produced by Streptomyces species. All three compounds contain a 3-methyl glutamate (3-MeGlu) as the penultimate C-terminal residue, which is important for bioactivity. Here, biochemical in vitro reconstitution of the 3-MeGlu biosynthetic pathway is presented, using exclusively enzymes from the CDA producer Streptomyces coelicolor. It is shown that the predicted 3-MeGlu methyltransferase GlmT and its homologues DptI from the daptomycin producer Streptomyces roseosporus and LptI from the A54145 producer Streptomyces fradiae do not methylate free glutamic acid, PCP-bound glutamate, or Glu-containing CDA in vitro. Instead, GlmT, DptI, and LptI are S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent alpha-ketoglutarate methyltransferases that catalyze the stereospecific methylation of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) leading to (3R)-3-methyl-2-oxoglutarate. Subsequent enzyme screening identified the branched chain amino acid transaminase IlvE (SCO5523) as an efficient catalyst for the transformation of (3R)-3-methyl-2-oxoglutarate into (2S,3R)-3-MeGlu. Comparison of reversed-phase HPLC retention time of dabsylated 3-MeGlu generated by the coupled enzymatic reaction with dabsylated synthetic standards confirmed complete stereocontrol during enzymatic catalysis. This stereospecific two-step conversion of alphaKG to (2S,3R)-3-MeGlu completes our understanding of the biosynthesis and incorporation of beta-methylated amino acids into the nonribosomal lipopeptides. Finally, understanding this pathway may provide new possibilities for the production of modified peptides in engineered microbes.
Mimicking Ziegler-Natta Catalysts in Homogeneous Phase, 1.C2-Symmetric Octahedral Zr(IV) Complexes with Tetradentate [ONNO]-Type Ligands (2001)

Results of propene polymerization in the presence of two known octahedral C2-symmetric Zr complexes bearing tetradentate [ONNO]-type ligands are reported for the first time. Depending on the steric hindrance at the active metal, isotactic site-controlled or weakly syndiotactic chain-end-controlled polymers were obtained, in both cases via highly regioselective 1,2 (primary) monomer insertion. In this respect, the complexes mimic the behavior of the active Ti species on the surface of the heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts of which they might represent good structural models.
Polylactide macroporous biodegradable implants for cell transplantation. II. Preparation of polylactide foams by liquid-liquid phase separation (1996)

Potential of thermally induced phase separation as a porogen technique has been studied in an effort to produce a surgical implant suitable for cell transplantation. Emphasis has been placed on the liquid-liquid phase separation of solutions of amorphous poly DL-lactide and semicrystalline poly L-lactide in an 87/13 dioxane/water mixture. The related temperature/composition phase diagrams have been set up by turbidimetry, and the possible occurrence of a gel has been discussed. Freeze-drying of some phase-separated polylactide solutions can produce flexible and tough foams with an isotropic morphology. Interconnected pores of 1-10 microns in diameter are expected to result from the spinodal decomposition of the polylactide solutions with formation of co-continuous phases. Thermodynamics of the polymer/solvent pair has a decisive effect on the final macroporous foams, as shown by the dependence of their porosity, density, porous morphology, and mechanical behavior on molecular weight and crystallinity of polylactide and concentration of the original solutions. On the basis of the foam characteristics, potential of the liquid-liquid phase separation (spinodal decomposition) has been compared with the solid/liquid phase separation (solvent crystallization) as a porogen technique.
Transient and stable gene expression in mammalian cells transduced with a recombinant baculovirus vector (1999)

Recombinant baculoviruses can serve as gene-transfer vehicles for transient expression of recombinant proteins in a wide range of mammalian cell types. Furthermore, by inclusion of a dominant selectable marker in the viral vector, cell lines can be derived that stably express recombinant genes. A virus was constructed containing two expression cassettes controlled by constitutive mammalian promoters: the cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter/enhancer directing expression of green fluorescent protein and the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter controlling neomycin phosphotransferase II. Using this virus, efficient gene delivery and expression was observed and measured in numerous cell types of human, primate, and rodent origin. In addition to commonly used transformed cell lines such as HeLa, CHO, Cos-7, and 293, this list includes primary human keratinocytes and bone marrow fibroblasts. In all cases, addition of butyrate or trichostatin A (a selective histone deacetylase inhibitor) to transduced cells markedly enhanced the levels of reporter protein expression observed. When transduced cells are put under selection with the antibiotic G418, cell lines can be obtained at high frequency that stably maintain the expression cassettes of the vector DNA and exhibit stable, high-level expression of the reporter gene. Stably transduced derivatives have been selected from a substantial number of different cell types, suggesting that stable lines can be derived from any cell type that exhibits transient expression.
Proteomic Analysis of Microvesicles Derived from Human Colorectal Cancer Cells (2007)

Microvesicles (MV) are membrane vesicles secreted from the plasma and endosomal membrane compartment by various cell types such as hematopoietic, epithelial, and tumor cells. Actively growing tumor cells shed MV, and the rate of shedding increases in malignant tumors. Although recent progress in this area has revealed that tumor-derived MV play multiple roles in tumor growth and metastasis via immune escape, tumor invasion, and angiogenesis, the mechanism of vesicle formation and the biological roles of tumor-derived MV are not understood. Here, we report the first global proteomic analysis of highly purified MV from human colorectal cancer cells. Using 1D SDS gel electrophoresis and nano-LC-MS/MS analyses, we identified a total of 547 microvesicular proteins from three independent experiments with high confidence; 416 proteins were identified at least in two trials, including 181 as yet unreported proteins. We identified 49 proteins involved in the biogenesis of MV, including annexins, ADP-ribosylation factors, and Rab proteins. We also identified 28 proteins that may function in tumorigenesis via promotion of migration, invasion, and growth of tumor cells, immune modulation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Taken together with previously reported results, our observations suggest that tumor-derived MV may act as communicasomes, that is, extracellular organelles that play diverse roles in intercellular communication. This information will help elucidate the biogenesis and functions of tumor-derived MV, and aid in the development of effective vaccines for various cancers, including colorectal cancer.
Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity Finds the Start of Repeating Patterns in Continuous Spike Trains (2008)

Experimental studies have observed Long Term synaptic Potentiation (LTP) when a presynaptic neuron fires shortly before a postsynaptic neuron, and Long Term Depression (LTD) when the presynaptic neuron fires shortly after, a phenomenon known as Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP). When a neuron is presented successively with discrete volleys of input spikes STDP has been shown to learn 'early spike patterns', that is to concentrate synaptic weights on afferents that consistently fire early, with the result that the postsynaptic spike latency decreases, until it reaches a minimal and stable value. Here, we show that these results still stand in a continuous regime where afferents fire continuously with a constant population rate. As such, STDP is able to solve a very difficult computational problem: to localize a repeating spatio-temporal spike pattern embedded in equally dense 'distractor' spike trains. STDP thus enables some form of temporal coding, even in the absence of an explicit time reference. Given that the mechanism exposed here is simple and cheap it is hard to believe that the brain did not evolve to use it.
Functional Interaction of Cytosolic hsp70 and a DnaJ-Related Protein, Ydj1p, in Protein Translocation In Vivo (1996)

In order to analyze the in vivo role of the SSA class of cytosolic 70-kDa heat shock proteins (hsps) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we isolated a temperature-sensitive mutant of SSA1. The effect of a shift of mutant cells (ssa1ts ssa2 ssa3 ssa4) from the permissive temperature of 23 degrees C to the nonpermissive temperature of 37 degrees C on the processing of several precursor proteins translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria was assessed. Of three mitochondrial proteins tested, the processing of only one, the beta subunit of the F1F0 ATPase, was dramatically affected. Of six proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum, the translocation of only prepro-alpha-factor and proteinase A was inhibited. The processing of prepro-alpha-factor was inhibited within 2 min of the shift to 37 degrees C, suggesting a direct effect of the hsp70 defect on translocation. More than 50% of radiolabeled alpha-factor accumulated in the precursor form, with the remainder rapidly reaching the mature form. However, the translocation block was complete, as the precursor form could not be chased through the translocation pathway. Since DnaJ-related proteins are known to interact with hsp70s and strains containing conditional mutations in a dnaJ-related gene, YDJ1, are defective in translocation of prepro-alpha-factor, we looked for a genetic interaction between SSA genes and YDJ1 in vivo. We found that a deletion mutation of YDJ1 was synthetically lethal in a ssa1ts ssa2 ssa3 ssa4 background. In addition, a strain containing a single functional SSA gene, SSA1, and a deletion of YDJ1 accumulated the precursor form of alpha-factor. However, no genetic interaction was observed between a YDJ1 mutation and mutations in the SSB genes, which encode a second class of cytosolic hsp70 chaperones. These results are consistent with SSA proteins and Ydj1p acting together in the translocation process.