gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensory Properties in Fusion of Visual/Haptic Stimuli Using Mixed Reality (2010)

This chapter introduces our experimental investigation about sensory properties in the fusion of visual/haptic stimuli by using Mixed-Reality (MR) technique. Especially, we focus on the discrepancy between the two stimuli. When making a purchase from TV or online, we are sometimes disappointed by a product whose actual scale and material differ from our image, even though its appearance originally impressed us. This case indicates the use of integrated multiple sensory cues that include not only the visual but also the auditory and haptic to extract the properties of objects. However, the fusion of multiple sensory cues by interaction with each other has not been well examined. We introduce our developed system that can independently control the sensibility parameters of visual and haptic cues to study the effect of these cues on sensory properties. MR techniques have been applied in factories to assist assembly, inspection and maintenance operations (Ohta & Tamura, 1999) (Wiedenmaier, et al, 2001) (Friedrich, 2002) (Fiorentino et al, 2002) (Nolle & Klinker, 2006). Recently, designing operations for industrial products are gathering attention as the next generation of MR applications (Navab, 2003) (Lee & Park, 2005) (Sandor et al, 2007). In ordinary designing operations, first, designers develop a broad plot of shape, appearance, and inner structure using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system. After that, a mock-up, which is a dummy model of the designing product, is generated to examine such detailed information as a sense of touch and surface texture that is difficult to represent by CAD. However, generating a mock-up is very expensive, especially since it uses temporal resources. Thus, it is not practical to regenerate a mock-up whenever a design receives a minor change. The display system shown in Figure 1 might create a new style of product design to reduce operation processes. For example, in ordinary product design, when a designer wants to evaluate different impressions caused by subtle changes of surface material, many similar preproduction samples must be generated that correspond to each change. However, design variations are usually limited because they are too expensive. On the other hand, using our proposed system, evaluation is possible by superimposing computer graphics (CG) textures of various appearances onto a design mock-up that solves not only cost problems but also the limitations of trial design variations. 30
Potential bile acid metabolites. 14. Hyocholic and muricholic acid stereoisomers. (1989)

The complete set of the eight theoretically possible stereoisomeric 3,6,7-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanic acids, four of which are new, related to hyocholic and muricholic acids were prepared from chenodeoxycholic acid. The principal reactions used were 1) cis-dihydroxylation of delta 6-compounds with osmium tetroxide/N-methylmorpholine N-oxide; 2) trans-dihydroxylation of 6 alpha, 7 alpha-epoxy compounds with boron trifluoride etherate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide; 3) inversion of equatorial 3 alpha-hydroxylated compounds to the corresponding 3 beta-epimers with diethyl azodicarboxylate/triphenylphosphine/formic acid; and 4) stereoselective reduction of 7-keto derivatives with zinc borohydride (or sodium borohydride) and by metallic potassium/tert-amyl alcohol.
Platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta enhance tissue repair activities by unique mechanisms. (1989)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) markedly potentiate tissue repair in vivo. In the present experiments, both in vitro and in vivo responses to PDGF and TGF-beta were tested to identify mechanisms whereby these growth factors might each enhance the wound-healing response. Recombinant human PDGF B-chain homodimers (PDGF-BB) and TGF-beta 1 had identical dose-response curves in chemotactic assays with monocytes and fibroblasts as the natural proteins from platelets. Single applications of PDGF-BB (2 micrograms, 80 pmol) and TGF-beta 1 (20 micrograms, 600 pmol) were next applied to linear incisions in rats and each enhanced the strength required to disrupt the wounds at 5 d up to 212% of paired control wounds. Histological analysis of treated wounds demonstrated an in vivo chemotactic response of macrophages and fibroblasts to both PDGF-BB and to TGF-beta 1 but the response to TGF-beta 1 was significantly less than that observed with PDGF-BB. Marked increases of procollagen type I were observed by immunohistochemical staining in fibroblasts in treated wounds during the first week. The augmented breaking strength of TGF-beta 1 was not observed 2 and 3 wk after wounding. However, the positive influence of PDGF-BB on wound breaking strength persisted through the 7 wk of testing. Furthermore, PDGF-BB-treated wounds had persistently increased numbers of fibroblasts and granulation tissue through day 21, whereas the enhanced cellular influx in TGF-beta 1-treated wounds was not detectable beyond day 7. Wound macrophages and fibroblasts from PDGF-BB-treated wounds contained sharply increased levels of immunohistochemically detectable intracellular TGF-beta. Furthermore, PDGF-BB in vitro induced a marked, time-dependent stimulation of TGF-beta mRNA levels in cultured normal rat kidney fibroblasts. The results suggest that TGF-beta transiently attracts fibroblasts into the wound and may stimulate collagen synthesis directly. In contrast, PDGF is a more potent chemoattractant for wound macrophages and fibroblasts and may stimulate these cells to express endogenous growth factors, including TGF-beta, which, in turn, directly stimulate new collagen synthesis and sustained enhancement of wound healing over a more prolonged period of time.
ART2 Network Based Color Pixel Categorization and Its Application (2006)

Pixel analysis is the primary step for other relevant processes of image processing. So how to distinguish pixels with different color and luminance in an image or a video stream and how to categorize them correctly and effectively are of the most challenging aspect in these field. With a reasonable mapping operation to vectors in RGB color space, this paper proposes an layered detecting approach to categorize spatial or temporal pixels series by improving ART2 network. The unsupervised self-organizing ability of ART2 makes the categorizing process more intelligent and effective. The processing steps and final experiment results illustrate that the bionic processing of ART2 network not only coheres with human psychological and physiological process of observing an image, but also has a strong adaptability for shadow, ghost and clutter noise suppressions
Evaluating Cellulose Acetylation Reactivity (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluating Cellulose Acetylation ReactivityC. J. Malm, K. T. Barkey, J. T. Schmitt, and D. C. MayCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1957, 49, 4, 763–767Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50568a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50568a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Imidodisulfamides. 2. Substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinylsulfonic imides as antagonists of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (1982)

As part of a study of the influence of structural modifications of N',N'-bis(aralkyl)imidodisulfamides on their ability to selectively antagonize SRS-A activity, a few conformationally constrained structures were examined. Among these derivatives having a conformationally restricted alkylene side chain, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinylsulfonic imides produced optimum SRS-A antagonist activity and selectivity. These compounds were tested for antagonism of partially purified SRS-A induced contractions of isolated guinea pig ileum. In this series of tetrahydroisoquinolines, the effect of aromatic ring substitution, as well as substitution and variation of the size of the heterocyclic ring on SRS-A antagonist activity and selectivity, was studied.
BROS: A Pre-trained Language Model Focusing on Text and Layout for Better Key Information Extraction from Documents (2022)

Key information extraction (KIE) from document images requires understanding the contextual and spatial semantics of texts in two-dimensional (2D) space. Many recent studies try to solve the task by developing pre-trained language models focusing on combining visual features from document images with texts and their layout. On the other hand, this paper tackles the problem by going back to the basic: effective combination of text and layout. Specifically, we propose a pre-trained language model, named BROS (BERT Relying On Spatiality), that encodes relative positions of texts in 2D space and learns from unlabeled documents with area-masking strategy. With this optimized training scheme for understanding texts in 2D space, BROS shows comparable or better performance compared to previous methods on four KIE benchmarks (FUNSD, SROIE*, CORD, and SciTSR) without relying on visual features. This paper also reveals two real-world challenges in KIE tasks--(1) minimizing the error from incorrect text ordering and (2) efficient learning from fewer downstream examples--and demonstrates the superiority of BROS over previous methods.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Responses in Adult Ugandans: Patterns of Cross-Clade Recognition (2005)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or AIDS is currently the leading cause of death in Uganda, with at least three HIV clades (subtypes) accounting for most new infections. Whether an effective vaccine formulated on viruses from a single clade will be able to protect against infection from other local clades remains unresolved. We examined the T-cell immune responses from a cohort of HIV-seropositive individuals in Uganda with predominantly clade A and D infections. Surprisingly, we observed similar frequencies of cross-clade T-cell responses to the gag, env, and nef regions. Our data suggest that the level of viral sequence variability between distinct HIV strains does not predict the degree of cross-clade responses. High sequence homologies were also observed between consensus peptides and sequences from viral isolates, supporting the use of consensus amino acid sequences to identify immunogenic regions in studies of large populations.
A single proline substitution is critical for the thermostabilization of Clostridium beijerinckii alcohol dehydrogenase (2006)

Analysis of the three-dimensional structures of three closely related mesophilic, thermophilic, and hyperthermophilic alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) from the respective microorganisms Clostridium beijerinckii (CbADH), Entamoeba histolytica (EhADH1), and Thermoanaerobacter brockii (TbADH) suggested that a unique, strategically located proline residue (Pro100) might be crucial for maintaining the thermal stability of EhADH1. To determine whether proline substitution at this position in TbADH and CbADH would affect thermal stability, we used site-directed mutagenesis to replace the complementary residues in both enzymes with proline. The results showed that replacing Gln100 with proline significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the mesophilic ADH: DeltaT(1/2) (60 min) = + 8 degrees C (temperature of 50% inactivation after incubation for 60 min), DeltaT(1/2) (CD) = +11.5 degrees C (temperature at which 50% of the original CD signal at 218 nm is lost upon heating between 30 degrees and 98 degrees C). A His100 --> Pro substitution in the thermophilic TbADH had no effect on its thermostability. An analysis of the three-dimensional structure of the crystallized thermostable mutant Q100P-CbADH suggested that the proline residue at position 100 stabilized the enzyme by reinforcing hydrophobic interactions and by reducing the flexibility of a loop at this strategic region.
The Results of 150 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Operations Performed by Two Surgeons in Australia (1982)

The work of two Australian surgeons using the same techniques for anterior lumbar interbody fusion operations in 150 patients has been analyzed by an independent observer (A.F.). Used as a primary procedure in 84 cases, only four patients failed to return to work. Time off work varied between 3.3 to 11.8 months, depending on the patients' occupations. Used as a salvage procedure in 38 cases, only five patients failed to return to work. Time off work varied between 24 and 5.6 months depending on the patients' occupations. In 28 cases, supplementary operations were performed following interbody fusions. Even in this difficult group only nine patients failed to return to work.
Creation of drug-specific herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants for gene therapy. (1996)

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase is currently used as a suicide agent in the gene therapy of cancer. This therapy is based on the preferential phosphorylation of nucleoside analogs by tumor cells expressing HSV-1 thymidine kinase. However, the use of HSV-1 thymidine kinase is limited in part by the toxicity of the nucleoside analogs. We have used random sequence mutagenesis to create new HSV-1 thymidine kinases that, compared with wild-type thymidine kinase, render cells much more sensitive to specific nucleoside analogs. A segment of the HSV-1 thymidine kinase gene at the putative nucleoside binding site was substituted with random nucleotide sequences. Mutant enzymes that demonstrate preferential phosphorylation of the nucleoside analogs, ganciclovir or acyclovir, were selected from more than one million Escherichia coli transformants. Among the 426 active mutants we have isolated, 26 demonstrated enhanced sensitivity to ganciclovir, and 54 were more sensitive to acyclovir. Only 6 mutant enzymes displayed sensitivity to both ganciclovir and acyclovir when expressed in E. coli. Analysis of 3 drug-sensitive enzymes demonstrated that 1 produced stable mammalian cell transfectants that are 43-fold more sensitive to ganciclovir and 20-fold more sensitive to acyclovir.
Prospective Study of Heart Rate Variability and Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure (1998)

CHF is associated with autonomic dysfunction, which can be quantified by measuring HRV. A reduction in SDNN identifies patients at high risk of death and is a better predictor of death due to progressive heart failure than other conventional clinical measurements. High-risk subgroups identified by this measurement are candidates for additional therapy after prescription of an ACE inhibitor.
Assignment of a Gene for Adenosine Deaminase to Human Chromosome 20 (1974)

Evidence, based on five series of mouse-human somatic cell hybrid clones, is presented for assignment of a human gene for adenosine deaminase (ADA: EC 3.5.4.4) to chromosome 20. The human form of adenosine deaminase expressed by the hybrid cells apeared to be identical to the isozyme found in erythrocytes, judging from its electrophoretic mobility and reactions with p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB). Absence of ADA activity has been associated with a combined immunodeficiency syndrome. The relationship of our data to hypotheses concerning this association is discussed.
Characterization of Ultra-Thin Composite Triangular Rollable and Collapsible Booms (2017)

The paper studies the behavior of Triangular Rollable and Collapsible (TRAC) booms made from ultra-thin carbon fiber, with a total flange thickness of 71 µm.Both bending and torsional behavior of the deployed booms are studied using numerical analysis and experimental testing.The coiling of the booms around hubs of large radius is also studied. Nomenclatured end Displacement of TRAC boom end D ii Elements of D matrix R Coiled radius of curvature r Flange radius of curvature t Flange thickness w Bonded region width α Angle of localized bend κ l Longitudinal curvature κ t Transverse curvature θ Flange opening angle
Thermographic imaging during nasal peanut challenge may be useful in the diagnosis of peanut allergy (2012)

This feasibility study shows thermography can detect inflammation caused by nasal challenges whilst employing one thousand-fold less peanut than an oral challenge. This novel technique could be developed to provide a rapid, safe and objective clinical allergy test.
Face Sketch Recognition (2004)

Automatic retrieval of face images from police mug-shot databases is critically important for law enforcement agencies. It can effectively help investigators to locate or narrow down potential suspects. However, in many cases, a photo image of a suspect is not available and the best substitute is often a sketch drawing based on the recollection of an eyewitness. We present a novel photo retrieval system using face sketches. By transforming a photo image into a sketch, we reduce the difference between photo and sketch significantly, thus allowing effective matching between the two. Experiments over a data set containing 188 people clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithm.
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of gout. (2014)

Gout is characterized by painful joint inflammation, most commonly in the first metatarsophalangeal joint, resulting from precipitation of monosodium urate crystals in a joint space. Gout is typically diagnosed using clinical criteria from the American College of Rheumatology. Diagnosis may be confirmed by identification of monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid of the affected joint. Acute gout may be treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, or colchicine. To reduce the likelihood of recurrent flares, patients should limit their consumption of certain purine-rich foods (e.g., organ meats, shellfish) and avoid alcoholic drinks (especially beer) and beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup. Consumption of vegetables and low-fat or nonfat dairy products should be encouraged. The use of loop and thiazide diuretics can increase uric acid levels, whereas the use of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan increases urinary excretion of uric acid. Reduction of uric acid levels is key to avoiding gout flares. Allopurinol and febuxostat are first-line medications for the prevention of recurrent gout, and colchicine and/or probenecid are reserved for patients who cannot tolerate first-line agents or in whom first-line agents are ineffective. Patients receiving urate-lowering medications should be treated concurrently with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, or low-dose corticosteroids to prevent flares. Treatment should continue for at least three months after uric acid levels fall below the target goal in those without tophi, and for six months in those with a history of tophi.
Efficacy of oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate in cirrhotic patients with hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy. Results of a randomized, lactulose-controlled study (2006)

Despite steady progress in therapeutics of liver disease, portal systemic encephalopathy remains to be a great challenge for clinicians because of the heterogeneity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, multiple risk factors and complexity on achieving a sustained response. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L-Ornithin, L-Aspartate versus lactulose in Mexican patients with hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy. A total of 20 patients were randomly allocated to receive either lactulose(n = 10) or L-ornithine - L-aspartate (n = 10) for 2 weeks. At baseline, patients of both groups were comparable in age (64 +/- 7 versus 60 +/- 6) and degree of hepatic failure according to the Child-Pugh scale (9.2 +/- 1.3 versus 9.2 +/- 1.1). A significant decrease in ammonia levels was observed both in the lactulose group (120.4 +/- 8.1 versus 91.4 +/- 10, p < 0.05) and in the LOLA group (141.6 +/- 9.1 versus 96.9 +/- 9.3, p < 0.05). Moreover, in patients who received LOLA a significant improvement was observed in mental status (1.0 +/- 0.14 versus 0.4 +/- 0.16, p < 0.05), Number Connection Test (184 +/- 43 versus 88 +/- 7, p < 0.05), asterixis (14.6 +/- 2.8 versus 6.7 +/- 1.5, p < 0.05), as well as EEG findings (6.8 +/- 0.6 versus 8.1 +/- 0.2 cycles per second, p < 0.05). Compliance with study medications was similar between the lactulose group (94%) and the LOLA group (100%). No serious adverse events were reported in the two groups; however, in the lactulose group an increase in the number of weekly defecations was reported, as well as a higher incidence of abdominal pain or flatulence. Finally, both patient groups reported an improvement in the Visual Analogue Scale for EuroQol index (51.1 +/- 24.1 versus 61.5 +/- 15.8, p < 0.05, in the lactulose group; 56.5 +/- 24.5 versus 70 +/- 19.4, p < 0.05, in the LOLA group). In conclusion, oral administration of lactulose or L-ornithine - L-aspartate to Mexican patients with cirrhosis and hyperammonemic encephalopathy significantly reduced serum ammonia levels in study groups and additionally improved mental status parameters, number connection test, asterixis scores, and EEG activity in the group receiving L-ornithine-L-aspartate.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (1989)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is the most important idiosyncratic drug-induced thrombocytopenia because of its high frequency and association with arterial thrombosis. Recent evidence implicates heparin-IgG immune complexes in the pathogenesis of this disorder. New developments such as a diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and current treatment recommendations are reviewed.
How healthy is sport for youth: a close look at dance (2001)

Some of the most common negative effects of dance are overuse injuries, eating disorders and psychological damage. Dancers and teachers need to be educated about the proper treatment and prevention of dance injuries. Additionally, parents and coaches need to continuously examine their motivations to ensure that the best interest of the child is served. (non-author abstract)
Lysis of Cultured Cells for Immunoprecipitation (2010)

INTRODUCTION Cell lysis with mild detergent is commonly used with cultured animal cells. If low detergent concentrations are sufficient to cause cell lysis (e.g., 1% Nonidet P-40 [NP-40] or 1% Triton X-100), this method can be gentler to the protein of interest than mechanical homogenization methods. The choice of detergent must be tailored to the nature of the epitope recognized by the immunoprecipitating antibody. If the antibody recognizes a linear peptide epitope (e.g., a synthetic peptide), then use a harsh denaturing lysis buffer (e.g., RIPA buffer). On the other hand, if the antibody is directed toward a conformational epitope, use NP-40 lysis buffer (or 1% Triton X-100). This protocol presents separate methods for lysing cells grown as monolayer cultures and for cells grown in suspension.
Preoperative Oral Passiflora Incarnata Reduces Anxiety in Ambulatory Surgery Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2008)

In outpatient surgery, administration of oral Passiflora incarnata as a premedication reduces anxiety without inducing sedation.