gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Recombinant Envelope Proteins for Serological Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection in an Immunochromatographic Assay (2001)

An immunochromatographic test that incorporates recombinant antigens (Dengue Duo Rapid Strip Test; PanBio, Brisbane, Australia) has recently become commercially available. This assay is performed in 15 min and detects both immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG in a capture format. The four recombinant proteins used represent the N-terminal 80% of the viral envelope glycoproteins of dengue viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the recombinant-antigen-based assay were 90 and 86%, respectively. The similar diagnostic performance of these antigens to that of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using whole dengue virus suggests that they mimic whole dengue viruses in primary structure and epitope conformation. These results suggest that recombinant proteins can be used in diagnostic assays for dengue to overcome safety issues associated with the use of whole virus.
Purification and Characterization of WaaP from Escherichia coli, a Lipopolysaccharide Kinase Essential for Outer Membrane Stability (2001)

In Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the waaP (rfaP) gene product is required for the addition of phosphate to O-4 of the first heptose residue of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inner core region. This phosphate substitution is particularly important to the biology of these bacteria; it has previously been shown that WaaP is necessary for resistance to hydrophobic and polycationic antimicrobials in E. coli and that it is required for virulence in invasive strains of S. enterica. WaaP function is also known to be essential for the viability of P. aeruginosa. The predicted WaaP protein shows low levels of similarity (10-15% identity) to eukaryotic protein kinases, but its kinase activity has never been tested. Here we report the purification of WaaP and the reconstitution of its enzymatic activity in vitro. The purified enzyme catalyzes the incorporation of 33P from [gamma-33P]ATP into acceptor LPS purified from a defined E. coli waaP mutant. Enzymatic activity is dependent upon the presence of Mg2+ and is maximal from pH 8.0 to 9.0. The apparent Km (determined at saturating concentrations of the second substrate) is 0.13 mm for ATP and 76 microm for LPS. These data are the first proof that WaaP is indeed an LPS kinase. Further, site-directed mutagenesis of a predicted catalytic residue suggests that WaaP shares a common mechanism of action with eukaryotic protein kinases.
Longitudinal analysis of microbial interaction between humans and the indoor environment (2014)

The bacteria that colonize humans and our built environments have the potential to influence our health. Microbial communities associated with seven families and their homes over 6 weeks were assessed, including three families that moved their home. Microbial communities differed substantially among homes, and the home microbiome was largely sourced from humans. The microbiota in each home were identifiable by family. Network analysis identified humans as the primary bacterial vector, and a Bayesian method significantly matched individuals to their dwellings. Draft genomes of potential human pathogens observed on a kitchen counter could be matched to the hands of occupants. After a house move, the microbial community in the new house rapidly converged on the microbial community of the occupants' former house, suggesting rapid colonization by the family's microbiota.
Role of Alkaline Phosphatase in Phosphate Uptake into Brush Border Membrane Vesicles from Human Intestinal Mucosa (1985)

In order to elucidate the physiological function of intestinal alkaline phosphatase, the characteristics of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase bound to brush border membrane vesicles were compared under optimal and physiological pHs. The Km value of this enzyme towards p-nitrophenylphosphate at the physiological pH was lower than that at the optimal pH. At the physiological pH, phosphate, arsenate and vanadate competitively inhibited the alkaline phosphatase activity, as they did at optimal pH, and the K1 values of these inhibitors at the physiological pH were also lower than those at the optimal pH. The effects of various inhibitors and antibody to human intestinal alkaline phosphatase on phosphate uptake into brush border membrane vesicles were investigated. The results indicated that phosphate uptake was affected by various inhibitors and the antibody to human intestinal alkaline phosphatase, but L-homoarginine, levamisole, and ouabain had no effect. From the above findings, it is strongly suggested that human intestinal alkaline phosphatase may function as a phosphate binding protein at low phosphate concentrations under physiological conditions.
Micropatterning of surfaces by excimer laser projection (1989)

In the coming years, excimer lasers will play two important roles in microelectronic fabrication: as new light sources for submicron photolithography, and for direct surface patterning by ablation or etching. Using this latter application, results are presented for 248 nm excimer laser formation of micron-sized patterns in several materials by image projection. Photoablation was used to produce patterning in polyimide and a fluorocarbon polymer, while micropatterning by photoetching is demonstrated in copper and silicon using chlorine vapor. The results are discussed both in terms of the optical characteristics of the projection apparatus, and from the point of material response.
How fast can a threshold gate learn (1994)

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver is a very rare lesion. Herein we describe two cases of this entity which occurred in two women aged 22 and 49 years, respectively. Both cases were considered to be clinically malignant and only the histopathologic examination revealed the non-neoplastic nature of the disease. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies further supported the evidence of a reactive disease.
Highly selective and sensitive colorimetric probes for Yb3+ ions based on supramolecular aggregates assembled from β-cyclodextrin–4,4′-dipyridine inclusion complex modified silver nanoparticles (2009)

Novel beta-cyclodextrin-4,4'-dipyridine supramolecular inclusion complex-modified silver nanoparticles were synthesized for the colorimetric determination of Yb(3+) ions in aqueous solution with high sensitivity (the visual detection limit was 2 x 10(-7) M), via Yb(3+)-induced aggregation to form chain-like supramolecular aggregates.
Primary Alcohols from Terminal Olefins: Formal Anti-Markovnikov Hydration via Triple Relay Catalysis (2011)

Alcohol synthesis is critical to the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The addition of water across olefins to form primary alcohols (anti-Markovnikov olefin hydration) would be a broadly useful reaction but has largely proven elusive; an indirect hydroboration/oxidation sequence requiring stoichiometric borane and oxidant is currently the most practical methodology. Here, we report a more direct approach with the use of a triple relay catalysis system that couples palladium-catalyzed oxidation, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, and ruthenium-catalyzed reduction cycles. Aryl-substituted terminal olefins are converted to primary alcohols by net reaction with water in good yield and excellent regioselectivity.
A Novel “Stable” Radical Initiator Based on the Oxidation Adducts of Alkyl-9-BBN (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Novel "Stable" Radical Initiator Based on the Oxidation Adducts of Alkyl-9-BBNT. C. Chung, W. Janvikul, and H. L. LuView Author Information Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3, 705–706Publication Date (Web):January 24, 1996Publication History Received14 August 1995Published online24 January 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9527737https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9527737rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2028Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Monomers,Organic compounds,Oxygen,Polymers,Radical polymerization Get e-Alerts
A phosphoramidate‐based prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐targeted SPECT agent (2011)

While DTPA may not represent the ideal chelate structure for 99mTc(CO)3, the data provides proof-of-concept support for the development of a next-generation phosphoramidate-based PSMA inhibitor-conjugates for use as SPECT imaging agents.
Pathogen-induced chemokine secretion from model intestinal epithelium is inhibited by lipoxin A4 analogs. (1998)

Enteric pathogens induce intestinal epithelium to secrete chemokines that direct movement of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Mechanisms that might downregulate secretion of these proinflammatory chemokines and thus contain intestinal inflammation have not yet been elucidated. The antiinflammatory activities exhibited by the arachidonate metabolite lipoxin A4 (LXA4) suggests that this eicosanoid, which is biosynthesized in vivo at sites of inflammation, might play such a role. We investigated whether chemokine secretion could be regulated by stable analogs of LXA4. Monolayers of T84 intestinal epithelial cells were infected with Salmonella typhimurium, which elicits secretion of distinct apical (pathogen-elicited epithelial chemoattractant) and basolateral (IL-8) chemokines. Stable analogs of LXA4 inhibited S. typhimurium-induced (but not phorbol ester-induced) secretion of both IL-8 and pathogen-elicited epithelial chemoattractant. LXA4 stable analogs did not alter bacterial adherence to nor internalization by epithelia, indicating that LXA4 stable analogs did not block all signals that Salmonella typhimurium activates in intestinal epithelia, but likely led to attenuation of signals that mediate chemokine secretion. Inhibition of S. typhimurium-induced IL-8 secretion by LXA4 analogs was concentration- (IC50 approximately 1 nM) and time-dependent (maximal inhibition approximately 1 h). As a result of these effects, LXA4 stable analogs inhibited the ability of bacteria-infected epithelia to direct polymorphonuclear leukocyte movement. These data suggest that LXA4 and its stable analogs may be useful in downregulating active inflammation at mucosal surfaces.
Effects of Hyperglycemia on Function of Isolated Mouse Pancreatic Islets Transplanted Under Kidney Capsule (1989)

The insulin release from isolated pancreatic islets grafted under the kidney capsule was examined by means of a modified kidney-perfusion technique. The grafts, consisting of 150 C57BL/6 or 250 C57BL/Ks mouse islets, were implanted syngeneically under the left kidney capsule of normoglycemic or alloxan-induced diabetic recipients 4 wk before the perfusion. In both mouse strains, islets grafted to normoglycemic animals showed an immediate distinct peak of insulin release when challenged with high glucose, whereas no response was observed from islets grafted to hyperglycemic mice. In a similar way in C57BL/Ks mice, arginine stimulated insulin release from the islet grafts in normoglycemic but not in hyperglycemic recipients. Insulin treatment of the diabetic recipients, however, partially normalized the insulin response to glucose. Islet grafts were removed in toto and analyzed for contents of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and DNA or rates of glucose-stimulated (pro)insulin biosynthesis. In both mouse strains, islets implanted into hyperglycemic animals contained significantly less insulin, and their rates of (pro)insulin biosynthesis were markedly decreased. Insulin treatment only marginally affected these parameters. The glucagon content of the grafted islets was unaffected by the hyperglycemia in both strains of mice, whereas a significant decrease in the somatostatin content was observed in the C57BL/Ks mice. We concluded that grafted islets exposed to prolonged hyperglycemic stress become functionally impaired in mice of both strains. Our perfusion technique of islet-graft-bearing kidneys in combination with biochemical studies on the removed grafts provides a suitable model for studies of the effects of prolonged hyperglycemia on islet beta-cell function.
Phase I and Pharmacologic Study of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU101 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors (1999)

SU101 was well tolerated as a 24-hour continuous IV infusion at doses of up to 443 mg/m(2)/wk for 4 consecutive weeks every 6 weeks. Although further dose escalation was precluded by infusate volume constraints, this SU101 dose schedule resulted in the achievement and maintenance of substantial plasma concentrations of the major metabolite, SU0020, for the entire treatment period.
FiST: A Language for Stackable File Systems (1999)

Stackable file systems promise to ease the development of file systems. Operating system vendors, however,resist making extensive changes to support stacking, because of the impact on performance and stability. Existing file system interfaces differ from system to system and they support extensibility poorly. Consequently, extending file system functionality across platforms is difficult. We propose a new language, FiST, to describe stackable file systems. FiST uses operations common to file system interfaces. From a single description, FiST's compiler produces file system modules for multiple platforms. The generated code handles many kernel details, freeing developers to concentrate on the main issues of their file systems. This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of FiST. We extended file system functionality in a portable way without changing existing kernels. We built several file systems using FiST on Solaris, FreeBSD, and Linux. Our experiences with these examples shows the following benefits of FiST: average code size over other stackable file systems is reduced ten times; average development time is reduced seven times;performance overhead of stacking is 1-2\%.
Certifying authenticity via fiber-infused paper (2005)

A certificate of authenticity (COA) is an inexpensive physical object that has a random unique structure with high cost of near-exact reproduction. An additional requirement is that the uniqueness of COA's random structure can be verified using an inexpensive device. Bauder was the first to propose COAs created as a randomized augmentation of a set of fibers into a transparent gluing material that randomly fixes once for all the position of the fibers within. In this paper, we propose a novel system for automated verification of fiber-based COAs and outline the key challenges in enabling high cost-efficiency of such a system. The key features of the new COA scanner are simplicity, reliability, lack of any moving components, and the ability to accurately identify exact positions of individual fibers infused in COA's containing paper. The latter feature significantly increases the forging cost compared to trivial implementations of a COA scanner.
Immunological characterization of proteins detected by phosphotyrosine antibodies in cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (1988)

Phosphotyrosine antibodies were used to identify tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts. A large number of tyrosine phosphoproteins were detected. A similar set of proteins was observed in RSV-transformed murine cells. An 85,000-dalton protein, however, was present in transformed avian cells but missing in transformed murine cells. Neither the 85,000-dalton protein nor any of the other tyrosine phosphoproteins appeared to be viral structural proteins. Use of RSV mutants encoding partially deleted src gene products enabled us to identify a 60,000-dalton cellular tyrosine phosphoprotein that comigrated with wild-type pp60v-src. With the exception of calpactin I, the major tyrosine phosphoproteins detected in immunoblots appeared to be different from several previously characterized substrates of pp60v-src with similar molecular masses (ezrin, vinculin, and the fibronectin receptor).
Effect of Active Layer Thickness on Open Circuit Voltage in Organic Photovoltaic Devices (2009)

The effect of active layer thickness has been investigated on open circuit voltage (Voc) in bilayer organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Voc has been found to vary nonlinearly with the active layer thickness even with the same donor/acceptor materials. We present a model which gives a nonlinear variation of built-in voltage (Vbi) with the active layer thickness. The nonlinear variation of Voc with active layer thickness has been attributed to the variation of Vbi in the samples. The investigations reported here suggest that Vbi controls the Voc in OPV devices.
A TCR-based Chimeric Antigen Receptor (2017)

Effector T cells equipped with engineered antigen receptors specific for cancer targets have proven to be very efficient. Two methods have emerged: the Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) and T-cell Receptor (TCR) redirection. Although very potent, CAR recognition is limited to membrane antigens which represent around 1% of the total proteins expressed, whereas TCRs have the advantage of targeting any peptide resulting from cellular protein degradation. However, TCRs depend on heavy signalling machinery only present in T cells which restricts the type of eligible therapeutic cells. Hence, an introduced therapeutic TCR will compete with the endogenous TCR for the signalling proteins and carries the potential risk of mixed dimer formation giving rise to a new TCR with unpredictable specificity. We have fused a soluble TCR construct to a CAR-signalling tail and named the final product TCR-CAR. We here show that, if expressed, the TCR-CAR conserved the specificity and the functionality of the original TCR. In addition, we demonstrate that TCR-CAR redirection was not restricted to T cells. Indeed, after transduction, the NK cell line NK-92 became TCR positive and reacted against pMHC target. This opens therapeutic avenues combing the killing efficiency of NK cells with the diversified target recognition of TCRs.
Improvement of Kidney Failure With Fetal Kidney Precursor Cell Transplantation (2007)

Transplanting fetal kidney precursor cells showed the potential for the partial augmentation of kidney structure and function in the treatment of kidney failure.
646. Zinc Finger Protein Transcription Factors as Potential Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain (2005)

Neuropathic pain is a complex disorder resulting from injury to the nerve, spinal cord or brain. Current therapies for neuropathic pain using small-molecule drugs are limited by a range of drug-related side effects, primarily due to their lack of specificity in targeting the receptor/channel of choice. Gene therapy approaches to the treatment of neuropathic pain address this problem in two ways. Firstly, the difficulty in selectively targeting key biologically validated pain receptors at the protein level is circumvented by treatments that can derive specificity at the DNA level and drive the regulation of the target gene. Secondly, the effector molecule can be coupled to a delivery vector that specifically targets the organ of interest |[ndash]| in this case the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) |[ndash]| thus creating a more |[ldquo]|local|[rdquo]| treatment.
Desulfation of 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine Sulfate by Microsomes from Human and Rat Tissues* (1988)

Subcellular preparations from rat liver, brain, and kidney and from human liver were tested for their ability to desulfate T3 sulfate (T3SO4). Activity was found associated with the microsomal fraction: rat liver was the most active, hydrolyzing 76 pmol/min.mg protein of T3SO4 while preparations from rat kidney and brain were about 1/5 and 1/20 as active. Microsomal preparations from human liver obtained at autopsy were as active as fresh rat preparations. Thyroxine sulfate was not an active substrate. Microsomes prepared with dithiothreitol and EDTA in order to detect deiodinating activity maintained T3SO4-desulfating activity. Cytosolic preparations containing arylsulfatase activities failed to desulfate T3SO4. Estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and nitrophenyl sulfate are known substrates for microsome-associated arylsulfatase activities, and these compounds were found to inhibit hydrolysis of T3SO4 to various extents. Of these competing sulfatase substrates, only dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate inhibits T3SO4 desulfation completely. In order to determine whether desulfation occurs in intact cells, isolated hepatocytes were incubated in the presence of 7 and 54 microM T3SO4. These cells were found to hydrolyze 1-1.5% of the sulfate ester/h for up to 3 h. The demonstration of this activity raises the possibility that these hepatic cells may be able to reactivate T3SO4, which has generally been regarded as an irreversibly inactivated metabolite.
Effect of 4-hydroxynonenal on Antioxidant Capacity and Apoptosis Induction in Jurkat T Cells (2004)

4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE) is one of the major end products of lipid peroxidation and may have either physiological or pathological significance regulating cell proliferation. We studied some biochemical effects of HNE, at various concentrations (0.1-100 microM), on Jurkat T cells incubated thereafter for 24, 48 and 72 h. HNE at low concentrations significantly enhanced the proliferation index, whereas at higher concentrations progressively blocked cell proliferation. Caspase 3 activity increased significantly at HNE concentrations between 1 and 10 microM and decreased at higher concentrations. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) increased progressively with HNE concentrations, particularly GSH-Px. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) showed a different pattern, increasing at low HNE (1-5 microM) concentrations and rapidly declined thereafter. These results show that HNE may induce growth inhibition of Jurkat T cells and regulate the activity of typical antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the protective effect of doubling the foetal calf serum still points out the risk that cultured cells undergo oxidative stress during incubation.