gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Spinning of Carbon Nanotube Fibers from Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis (2004)

Many routes have been developed for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, but their assembly into continuous fibers has been achieved only through postprocessing methods. We spun fibers and ribbons of carbon nanotubes directly from the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis zone of a furnace using a liquid source of carbon and an iron nanocatalyst. This process was realized through the appropriate choice of reactants, control of the reaction conditions, and continuous withdrawal of the product with a rotating spindle used in various geometries. This direct spinning from a CVD reaction zone is extendable to other types of fiber and to the spin coating of rotating objects in general.
TEX: the next generation of energy storage technology (2005)

Engineers at active power have taken three mature energy storage technologies and combined them in a new and ingenious way. The resulting products will be technically and commercially viable replacements for batteries in the near future.
Record I<inf>ON</inf>/I<inf>OFF</inf> performance for 65nm Ge pMOSFET and novel Si passivation scheme for improved EOT scalability (2008)

We report on a 65nm Ge pFET with a record performance of I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</inf> = 478μA/μm and I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off,s</inf> = 37nA/μm @V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dd</inf> = -1V. These improvements are quantified and understood with respect to halo/extension implants, minimizing series resistance and gate stack engineering. A better control of Ge in-diffusion using a low-temperature Epi-silicon passivation process allows achieving 1nm EOT Ge-pFET with increased performance.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis Respiratory Tract Isolates: Results of the Canadian Respiratory Organism Susceptibility Study, 1997 to 2002 (2003)

A total of 7,566 unique patient isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and 2,314 unique patient isolates of Moraxella catarrhalis were collected between October 1997 and June 2002 from 25 medical centers in 9 of the 10 Canadian provinces. Among the 7,566 H. influenzae isolates, 22.5% produced beta-lactamase, while 92.4% of the 2,314 M. catarrhalis isolates produced beta-lactamase. The incidence of beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae isolates decreased significantly over the 5-year study period, from 24.2% in 1997-1998 to 18.6% in 2001-2002 (P < 0.01). The incidence of beta-lactamase-producing M. catarrhalis isolates did not change over the study period. The overall rates of resistance to amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate for H. influenzae were 19.3 and 0.1%, respectively. The rank order of cephalosporin activity based on the MICs at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (MIC(90)s) was cefotaxime > cefixime > cefuroxime > cefprozil > cefaclor. On the basis of the MICs, azithromycin was more active than clarithromycin (14-OH clarithromycin was not tested); however, on the basis of the NCCLS breakpoints, resistance rates were 2.1 and 1.6%, respectively. Rates of resistance to other agents were as follows: doxycycline, 1.5%; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 14.2%; and chloramphenicol, 0.2%. All fluoroquinolones tested, including the investigational fluoroquinolones BMS284756 (garenoxacin) and ABT-492, displayed potent activities against H. influenzae, with MIC(90)s of < or = 0.03 microg/ml. The MIC(90)s of the investigational ketolides telithromycin and ABT-773 were 2 and 4 microg/ml, respectively, and the MIC(90) of the investigational glycylcycline GAR-936 (tigecycline) was 4 microg/ml. Among the M. catarrhalis isolates tested, the resistance rates derived by using the NCCLS breakpoint criteria for H. influenzae were <1% for all antibiotics tested except trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1.5%). In summary, the incidence of beta-lactamase-positive H. influenzae strains in Canada is decreasing (18.6% in 2001-2002), while the incidence of beta-lactamase-positive M. catarrhalis strains has remained constant (90.0% in 2001-2002).
Molecular Cloning and Expression of Neuroleukin, a Neurotrophic Factor for Spinal and Sensory Neurons (1986)

A novel 56,000-dalton growth factor found in mouse salivary gland was purified, molecularly cloned, and expressed in monkey COS cells. The protein is a neurotrophic factor and also, surprisingly, a lymphokine product of lectin-stimulated T cells. The factor was therefore named neuroleukin. Neuroleukin promotes the survival in culture of a subpopulation of embryonic spinal neurons that probably includes skeletal motor neurons. Neuroleukin also supports the survival of cultured sensory neurons that are insensitive to nerve growth factor, but has no effect on sympathetic or parasympathetic neurons. The amino acid sequence of neuroleukin is partly homologous to a highly conserved region of the external envelope protein of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
ALOE VERA IN ORIENTAL DERMATOLOGY (1943)

Only in the last few years have physicians in America been acquainted with the value of Aloe vera in the treatment of radio dermatitis and of certain chronic ulcerations. 1 Colonel Tchou explained to one of us that jelly leek (Aloe vera) was a well known remedy to the Chinese medical man and to the Chinese household. Recourse was then had to the junior author for further information along this interesting line. From examination of the most reliable treatises on Chinese materia medica it is believed that jelly leek is a local name for aloe in Tibet and its vicinity. The common name in China is Lu Hui ( Lu means black and Hui deposits). The fresh plant is perhaps seldom used in China, but the jelly of the leaves is desiccated and sold in drug stores; thus it has its name. There are, apparently, more than one species of Aloe
QT Dispersion Has No Prognostic Information for Patients With Advanced Congestive Heart Failure and Reduced Left Ventricular Systolic Function (2001)

QT dispersion has no prognostic value regarding all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, or cardiac arrhythmic mortality for patients with advanced CHF and reduced left ventricular systolic function.
Germanium on insulator and new 3D architectures opportunities for integration (2010)

Ge encounters an interest revival for CMOS applications because of its high carriers mobility. GeOI pMOSFET with excellent ON currents and controlled threshold voltage have indeed been demonstrated. However the ON performance of Ge and GeOI nMOS remains well below those of Si based nMOS. Thus we propose two possible CMOS integration approaches to benefit from on one hand the excellent hole mobility in Ge and on the other hand the good electron transport properties in Si: First, the planar co-integration of SOI nMOS and GeOI pMOS by local 'Ge enrichment', and second the 3D approach with two different stacked layers sequentially processed: SOI nMOS then Ge pMOS, thanks to Ge layer transfer after SOI nMOS process, and low thermal budget of Ge MOS process. In addition, 3D monolithic integration also represents a versatile platform for advanced functions integration.
Peptide Uptake in Candida albicans (1980)

Transport of radioactively labelled peptides has been used to characterize a common transport system for di- and tripeptides in Candida albicans. This permease is energy-dependent and has a requirement for L-amino acid residues, an alpha-linkage between residues and a free amino terminus. Transport was followed by the accumulation inside the cell of intact peptides and component amino acids. After transport of glycyl-[U-14C]phenylalanine the radioactive material was accumulated inside the cell and subsequently leaked into the medium under certain conditions.
Efficacy of a Metered-dose 8% Lidocaine Pump Spray for Patients with Post-herpetic Neuralgia (2009)

Objective. Topical lidocaine patch is effective in the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), but not suited for paroxysmal pain because of the long latency of analgesia. Here, we examined the efficacy of 8% lidocaine pump spray (Xylocaine pump spray®, XPS) for PHN.
Role of F/P Ratio on Curing Behavior for Phenolic Resol and Novolac Resins by FT-IR (2001)

포름알데히드/페놀의 몰비에 따른 레졸과 노블락 수지의 경화거동을 FT-IR 분석법으로 연구하였다. 일정한 경화온도(레졸 수지: $130^{\circ}C$ , $160^{\circ}C$ , $180^{\circ}C$ , 노블락 수지: $160^{\circ}C$ , $170^{\circ}C$ , $180^{\circ}C$ )에서 경화시간(3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 60분)에 따른 경화 정도를 비교하였다. 경화정도(conversion, ${\alpha}$ )는 경화되지 않은 수지의 FT-IR 스펙트라 $3300cm^{-1}$ 에 나타나는 OH 피크의 면적을 기준으로 각각 주어진 경화시간의 OH 피크 면적 비율로 구하였다. 그 결과 포름알데히드/페놀의 몰비와 경화 온도가 증가함에 따라서 레졸과 노블락 수지의 초기 경화는 증가하였다. 특정한 경화 온도에서 integral method 분석에 의한 결과 포름알데히드/페놀의 몰비가 증가함에 따라서 레졸과 노블락 수지의 초기 경화는 증가하였다. 【The curing behavior of a phenolic resin (F/p: 1.3, 1.9, 2.5 for resol resin, F/P: 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 for novolac resin) has been studied by FT-IR spectroscopy. In this study is to synthesis of resol and novolac type phenolic resin with different F/P molar ratios and to compare the level of cure at different curing temperature conditions ( $130^{\circ}C$ , $160^{\circ}C$ , $180^{\circ}C$ for resol resin, $160^{\circ}C$ , $170^{\circ}C$ , $180^{\circ}C$ for novolac resin) for 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, and 60 (min.), respectively. The conversion ( ${\alpha}$ ) was determined by the ratio of the peak area with time to the peak area of non-baked phenolic QH ( $3300cm^{-1}$ ) at spectra. It is concluded that the initial curing rate of resol and novolac resin was increased as the molar ratio of formaldehyde/phenol increased and as the curing temperature of resin increased. According to the analysis was by the homogenous first-order model, the initial curing rate of resol and novolac resin was increased as the molar ratio of formaIdehyde/phenol increased at specific curing temperature.】
Crystal structure of intercalated four-stranded d(C3T) at 1.4 A resolution. (1994)

The crystal structure of d(C3T), solved at 1.4 A resolution, reveals that the molecule forms a four-stranded intercalated complex. It consists of two parallel-stranded duplexes, each of which is held together by cytosine-protonated cytosine base pairs. The two duplexes are intercalated with each other and have opposite strand orientation. The molecule has a flat, lath-like appearance, and the covalently bonded cytosines have a slow right-handed twist of 17.1 degrees. However, there is considerable asymmetry. On one of the flat sides, the phosphate groups are rotated away from the center of the molecule. They are held in this orientation by bridging water molecules that bind the NH of cytosine and a phosphate group of an opposite chain. There is also considerable microheterogeneity in the structure. The cytosine hemiprotonation occurs even at pH 7 where stable crystals form.
GENETICS OF NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT (TYPE-II) DIABETES MELLITUS (1996)

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. The genetic component is heterogeneous and in some patients is probably complex, involving multiple genes. Specific genetic defects have been identified for rate monogenic forms of NIDDM: maturity-onset diabetes of the young, or MODY (which is due to glucokinase mutations in about 40% of families), syndromes of extreme insulin resistance (which often involve the insulin receptor), and diabetes-deafness syndromes (with defects in mitochondrial genes). In contrast, the genes involved in common forms of NIDDM are still uncertain. Mutations have been extensively searched in genes regulating insulin signaling and secretion. Some evidence of involvement has been produced for insulin-receptor substrate-1, glycogen synthase, the glucagon receptor, a ras-related protein (Rad), histocompatibility antigens, PC-1, and fatty acid binding protein, but the contributions of these genes to NIDDM is probably small. Other candidate genes (e.g. insulin, insulin receptor, glucose transporters) have been excluded as major diabetogenes. New insights are expected in the near future from the systematic scanning of the genome for linkage with NIDDM.
The intratracheal administration of endotoxin and cytokines. III. The interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist inhibits endotoxin- and IL-1-induced acute inflammation. (1991)

Endotoxin, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component of gram-negative bacteria, induces alveolar macrophages to express interleukin-1 (IL-1). Lipopolysaccharide and IL-1 both cause severe acute neutrophilic inflammation in the lung after intratracheal injection, suggesting that LPS-induced IL-1 expression contributes to the pathogenesis of LPS-induced acute inflammation. In the present study, the role of IL-1 in LPS-induced acute pneumonia was investigated by quantitating the acute inflammation occurring at 6 hours after the intratracheal injection of LPS as compared to the same timepoint after the intratracheal coinjection of LPS and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). The IL-1ra was found to inhibit LPS-induced acute inflammation (P greater than 0.0001) as measured by the number of neutrophils recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage. The LPS-induced emigration of neutrophils was inhibited by as much as 45%. Recombinant IL-1 beta-induced neutrophil emigration into the lung was inhibited by 95% when IL-1ra was coinjected intratracheally with IL-1 beta. Coinjection of recombinant IL-1 beta and LPS increased the neutrophilic exodus as compared to the intratracheal injection of either agent alone. Intratracheal injection of LPS induces a progressive increase in IL-1ra mRNA expression in whole-lung RNA preparations, suggesting that endogenous IL-1ra may play an important role as a negative feedback mechanism to downregulate LPS initiated IL-1-mediated acute inflammation. In conclusion IL-1ra inhibits both LPS- and IL-1-induced neutrophilic inflammation and may therefore prove clinically useful as an anti-inflammatory agent for the therapy of either septic or aseptic IL-1-mediated acute inflammation.
Targeted Resequencing of 30 Genes Improves the Detection of Deleterious Mutations in South Indian Women with Breast and/or Ovarian Cancers (2015)

The NGS platform is more sensitive and cost effective in detecting mutations in genes involved in hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancers.
Properties of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride ionic liquids. 1. Ion interactions by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride ionic liquids. 1. Ion interactions by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyArmand A. Fannin Jr., Lowell A. King, Joseph A. Levisky, and John S. WilkesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 12, 2609–2614Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150656a037https://doi.org/10.1021/j150656a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1057Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Structural Adaptations in a Membrane Enzyme That Terminates Endocannabinoid Signaling (2002)

Cellular communication in the nervous system is mediated by chemical messengers that include amino acids, monoamines, peptide hormones, and lipids. An interesting question is how neurons regulate signals that are transmitted by membrane-embedded lipids. Here, we report the 2.8 angstrom crystal structure of the integral membrane protein fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme that degrades members of the endocannabinoid class of signaling lipids and terminates their activity. The structure of FAAH complexed with an arachidonyl inhibitor reveals how a set of discrete structural alterations allows this enzyme, in contrast to soluble hydrolases of the same family, to integrate into cell membranes and establish direct access to the bilayer from its active site.
FTY720: A Promising Agent for Treatment of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2005)

FTY720 is a promising novel therapeutic drug for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox®) in the treatment of migraine and other headaches (2004)

Botulinum toxin type A (Botox®) is increasingly used in the management of migraine and tension-type headaches. The results from small placebo-controlled trials and extensive open-label experience has suggested a significant role for this neurotoxin in the management of refractory headache. Several large placebo-controlled trials of episodic and chronic migraine are currently underway.
Transmyocardial laser revascularization. Anatomic evidence of long-term channel patency. (1994)

Transmyocardial laser revascularization, a new surgical technique, is being tested in patients with chronic obstructive coronary artery disease that is refractory to conventional revascularization techniques and to maximal medical therapy. During the operation, which is performed on the beating heart through a left thoracotomy, a high-energy CO2 laser is used to bore transmural channels (1 mm in diameter) into the left ventricle. Each high-energy laser pulse is delivered during end diastole and transects the heart within 10 to 60 msec. The operation is based on the theory that blood will flow directly from the left ventricle into the channels and then into the myocardial vascular plexus. Restoring perfusion should alleviate ischemia in potentially viable myocardium and improve ventricular function. Recently, one of our patients died 3 months after transmyocardial laser revascularization of causes unrelated to the operation. Histologic analysis enabled us to obtain, for the 1st time, anatomic evidence of patent laser channels. Routine staining of cardiac tissue with hematoxylin and eosin revealed multiple patent channels, running perpendicular to and interconnecting with the native vasculature. Although reactive fibrous scar tissue had caused narrowing of the original laser tract, the channels had endothelialized and they contained red blood cells. These findings suggest that the laser channels were functional. We report this interesting case and briefly discuss the anatomic and physiologic phenomena involved in establishing camerosinusoidal blood flow by use of transmyocardial laser revascularization.
CD47 Blockade by Hu5F9-G4 and Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (2018)

The macrophage checkpoint inhibitor 5F9 combined with rituximab showed promising activity in patients with aggressive and indolent lymphoma. No clinically significant safety events were observed in this initial study. (Funded by Forty Seven and the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02953509 .).
Potential Mechanisms of Estrogen Quinone Carcinogenesis (2007)

There is a clear association between the excessive exposure to estrogens and the development of cancer in hormone-sensitive tissues (breast, endometrium). It has become clear that there are likely multiple overlapping mechanisms of estrogen carcinogenesis. One major pathway is the extensively studied hormonal pathway, by which estrogen stimulates cell proliferation through nuclear estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated signaling, thus resulting in an increased risk of genomic mutations during DNA replication. A similar "nongenomic pathway", potentially involving newly discovered membrane-associated ERs, also appears to regulate extranuclear estrogen signaling pathways. This perspective is focused on a third pathway involving the metabolism of estrogens to catechols mediated by cytochrome P450 and further oxidation of these catechols to estrogen o-quinones. Oxidative enzymes, metal ions, and in some cases molecular oxygen can catalyze o-quinone formation, so that these electrophilic/redox-active quinones can cause damage within cells by alkylation and/or oxidation of cellular proteins and DNA in many tissues. It appears that the endogenous estrogen quinones primarily form unstable N3-adenine or N7-guanine DNA adducts, ultimately resulting in mutagenic apurinic sites. In contrast, equine estrogen quinones, formed from estrogens present in popular hormone replacement therapy prescriptions, generate a variety of DNA lesions, including bulky stable adducts, apurinic sites, DNA strand cleavage, and oxidation of DNA bases. DNA damage induced by these equine quinones is significantly increased in cells containing ERs, leading us to hypothesize a mechanism involving ER binding/alkylation by the catchol/quinone, resulting in a "Trojan horse". The "Trojan horse" carries the highly redox-active catechol to estrogen -sensitive genes, where high amounts of reactive oxygen species are generated, causing selective DNA damage. Our data further suggest that other key protein targets for estrogen o-quinones could be redox-sensitive enzymes (i.e, GST P1-1, QR). These proteins are involved in stress response cascades that are known to contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Finally, it has been shown that catechol estrogens can transform breast epithelial cells into a tumorigenic phenotype and that these transformed cells had differential gene expression of several genes involved in oxidative stress. Given the direct link between excessive exposure to estrogens, metabolism of estrogens, and increased risk of breast cancer, it is crucial that factors that affect the formation, reactivity, and cellular targets of estrogen quinoids be thoroughly explored.
A computer support tool for the early stages of architectural design (2006)

Even in the current computer age, there are still many important application areas, such as early architectural design, where traditional tools like sketching on paper continue to be preferred by many professionals over computer-based tools. There is a growing awareness that there are often very good grounds for this preference. Hence, instead of trying to replace such traditional ways of working, it is now often considered more opportune to try and preserve the strengths of these traditional ways of working, while at the same time improving them by providing access to new media. This is one of the main objectives of the augmented reality approach that we adopt here. In this paper, we specifically discuss the realization of a tool for early architectural design on an existing augmented reality system, called the Visual Interaction Platform. We describe the development process, the resulting tool and its performance for elementary tasks such as positioning and overdrawing. We also identify directions for future research and applications.