gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of CC chemokine receptor 5 in antiviral immunity (2002)

The CC chemokine receptor CCR5 is an important coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and there is a major thrust to develop anti-CCR5-based therapies for HIV-1. However, it is not known whether CCR5 is critical for a normal antiviral T-cell response. This study investigated the immune response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in mice lacking CCR5 (CCR5(-/-) mice). This infection is a classical model for studying antiviral immunity, and influx of CCR5-expressing CD8(+) T cells and macrophages is essential for both virus control and associated immunopathology. Results showed that the virus-induced clonal expansion of antigen-specific T cells was augmented in CCR5(-/-) mice especially with regard to the CD4(+) subset. Despite absence of CCR5, intracerebral infection invariably resulted in lethal T cell-mediated meningitis, and quantitative and qualitative analysis of the inflammatory exudate cells did not reveal any significant differences between gene-targeted mice and wild-type controls. CCR5 was also found to be redundant regarding the ability to eliminate virus from internal organs. Using delayed-type hypersensitivity to evaluate CD8(+) T cell-mediated inflammation, no significant influence of CCR5 was found, not even when viral peptide was used as local trigger instead of live virus. Finally, long-term CD8(+) T cell-mediated immune surveillance was efficiently sustained in CCR5(-/-) mice. Taken together, these results indicate that expression of CCR5 is not critical for T cell-mediated antiviral immunity, and this molecule may therefore constitute a logic and safe target for anti-HIV therapies.
Signal transduction pathways in constriction of the basilar artery in vivo. (1992)

We examined effects of a putative myosin light chain kinase inhibitor in the cerebral circulation in vivo. In anesthetized rats, diameter of basilar arteries was measured through a cranial window (control, 232 +/- 10 microns, mean +/- SEM). Vessel diameter was measured during topical application of agonists and antagonists. ML-7, which has been reported to compete with adenosine triphosphate for binding to the catalytic site on myosin light chain kinase, attenuated vasoconstriction in response to prostaglandin F2 alpha (10(-6) M; -22 +/- 1% before versus -14 +/- 1% and -3 +/- 2% during ML-7, 10(-7) and 10(-6) M, respectively; p less than 0.05). ML-7 (10(-6) M) did not affect baseline diameter. Responses to serotonin (10(-8) M) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (10(-8) M) were not attenuated by ML-7. Thus, constriction of the basilar artery induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha in vivo is attenuated by an inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase.
Phenanthrene degradation, emulsification and surface tension activities of apseudomonas putidastrain isolated from a coastal oil contaminated microbial mat (2004)

Abstract Kinetics of phenanthrene degradation, emulsification and surface tension activities of this hydrocarbon upon degradation by a Pseudomonas putida (COB 3-2) isolated from a coastal microbial mat were investigated. After 27 days of incubation at 20°C, 71.4±3.4 % of the initial phenanthrene amount (0.4 g l-1) were biodegraded. Observation of both tension-active and emulsifying activities indicated that biosurfactants, probably rhamnolipids, are generated. The high phenanthrene degrading capacity and biosurfactant production potential of this newly isolated P. putida strain may contribute positively to oil bioremediation processes within the microbial mat.
Antennapedia homeobox as a signal for the cellular internalization and nuclear addressing of a small exogenous peptide (1992)

In a previous study we demonstrated that a homeobox peptide corresponding to the 60 amino acid long DNA-binding region of the Drosophila antennapedia homeo-protein was capable of crossing the plasma membrane of cells in culture. This finding has led us to investigate whether chimeric molecules encompassing the homeobox would behave in a similar manner. We demonstrate here that a peptide of 93 amino acids composed of the homeobox and of the C terminus of Rab3, a small GTP-binding protein, crosses the membrane of myoblasts, myotubes and neurons and is conveyed to their nuclei. This transport is highly efficient, is observed in all the cells present in the culture and occurs at 37 degrees C and 12 degrees C without quantitative peptide degradation. Beyond its theoretical implications for our current views on cellular interactions, this finding could have technical repercussions on the development of drugs with intracellular targets.
Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head with Core Decompression and Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein (2004)

A retrospective evaluation was done of 15 patients (17 hips) with symptomatic osteonecrosis of the hip treated with core decompression combined with an allogeneic, antigen-extracted, autolyzed fibula allograft and 50 mg of partially purified human bone morphogenetic protein and noncollagenous proteins. The average duration of clinical followup of the patients was 53 months (range, 26-94 months). The osteonecrotic involvement of the hip was classified by plain radiographs using a modification of the Ficat staging system and MRI evaluations. Fifteen hips were classified as Ficat Stage IIA, one hip (one patient) was classified as Ficat Stage IIB, and one hip (one patient) was classified as Ficat Stage III. Fourteen hips had involvement of 50% or less of the femoral head and 2/3 or less involvement of the weight-bearing surface of the femoral head, based on a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. The procedures were a clinical success in 14 of 15 hips (93%; 13 patients) with Stage IIA disease. Three of 17 hips (three patients) had radiographic progression (Ficat Stages IIA, IIB, and III) of the femoral head and were converted to total hip replacements. Only one of seven hips (six patients) with 50% or less involvement of the femoral head and between 1/3 and 2/3 of the weightbearing surface of the femoral head developed radiographic progression of the femoral head. There was no radiographic progression in the 3 hips with less than 1/3 involvement of the weightbearing surface of the femoral head. Further evaluation of the potential efficacy of bone morphogenetic protein is required in randomized trials.
Agents that buy and sell (1999)

article Free Access Share on Agents that buy and sell Authors: Pattie Maes MIT Media Lab MIT Media LabView Profile , Robert H. Guttman Frictionless Commerce, Inc. Frictionless Commerce, Inc.View Profile , Alexandros G. Moukas MIT Media Lab MIT Media LabView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 42Issue 3March 1999 pp 81–ff.https://doi.org/10.1145/295685.295716Published:01 March 1999Publication History 566citation5,737DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations566Total Downloads5,737Last 12 Months294Last 6 weeks40 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Does Not Affect Serum Lipid Concentrations of Normolipidemic Young Adults (1996)

Fish oils, purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been reported to improve blood lipid concentrations, especially those of triglycerides in humans. However, to our knowledge there have been no double-blind studies investigating the effects of DHA-rich fish oil on blood lipid concentrations. Therefore, we conducted a placebo-controlled double-blind study. Twenty-four healthy, normolipidemic young adults took either DHA-rich fish oil capsules containing 1.5-1.8 g of DHA or control oil capsules containing 97% soybean oil and 3% fish oil for 13 wk. Blood samples were taken at the start and end of the study, and serum lipids concentrations were compared. There were no significant changes over time in the DHA group in the following serum lipids: total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein(a), and apolipoproteins A1 and B. In contrast, apolipoprotein A1 concentrations slightly (10%) but significantly increased over time in the control group. Docosahexaenoic acid at a dose of less than 2 g/d did not change serum lipid concentrations of normolipidemic subjects. The effects of DHA in hyperlipidemic patients remain to be investigated in a double-blind study.
Domain specific languages for ad hoc distributed applications (1997)

The Internet provides a medium to combine human and computational entities together for ad hoc cooperative transactions. To make this possible, there must be aframework allowing all parties (human or other) to communicate with each other. The current framework makes a fundamental distinction between human agents (who use HTML) and computational agents, which use CORBA or COM. We propose DSLs as a means to allow all kinds of agents to \\speak the same language. &amp;amp;quot; In particular we adopt some ideas (and syntax) from SGML/XML, especially the strict separation of syntax and semantics, so each agent in a collaboration is capable of applying a behavioral semantics appropriate to its role (buyer, seller, editor). We develop the example of acard game, where the syntax of the language itself implies some of the semantics of the game.
Characterization of simple photoresponsive systems and their applications to metal ion transport (1995)

Some new photoresponsive azobenzenes (1–5) have been synthesized and characterized. On irradiation at 330 nm these systems undergo conversion from the E to the Z form to a varying extent which depends upon the nature and position of substitution on the azobenzene rings. They revert back to the E form on thermal isomerization in the dark. Photochemical equilibria have been studied and compared in acetonitrile and o-dichlorobenzene; E forms are stabilized more in o-dichlorobenzene than in acetonitrile. Two of the molecules (1 and 4) show enhanced transport of Cu2+ ions across a liquid membrane on irradiation.
Study of Calcium-Based Sorbents for High-Temperature H2S Removal. 1. Kinetics of H2S Sorption by Uncalcined Limestone (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy of Calcium-Based Sorbents for High-Temperature H2S Removal. 1. Kinetics of H2S Sorption by Uncalcined LimestoneLaurent A. Fenouil and Scott LynnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 7, 2324–2333Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00046a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00046a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hsp90 (2001)

Hsp90 is unique among molecular chaperones. The majority of its known substrates are signal transduction proteins, and recent work indicates that it uses a novel protein-folding strategy.
In vivo labeling of L-type Ca2+ channels by fluorescent dihydropyridines: evidence for a functional, extracellular heparin-binding site. (1992)

We have synthesized and characterized fluorescently labeled dihydropyridines (DHPs) as probes for L-type Ca2+ channels. Racemic as well as (+)- and (-)-1,4-dihydro- 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3,5-pyridinecarboxylic acid 2-(aminoethyl)ethyl ester hydrochlorides were coupled to boron dipyrromethane (Bodipy) derivatives. (4,4-Difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza)-3- (s-indacene)propionic acid (DMBodipy)-DHP and (4,4-difluoro-7-styryl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza)-3-(s-indacene+ ++)propionic acid (STBodipy)-DHP have Kd values in the nanomolar range for membrane-bound or partially purified skeletal muscle and for neuronal L-type Ca2+ channels. (-)- and (+)-STBodipy-DHPs block 45Ca2+ uptake through L-type Ca2+ channels into GH3 cells with IC50 values of 14.8 and 562 nM, respectively. The measurement of bound fluorescence after removal of free DMBodipy-DHP with charcoal shows that the probes can substitute for radioactive ligands to study the properties (equilibrium binding, kinetics, allosteric regulation) of partially purified L-type Ca2+ channels from skeletal muscle. L-type Ca2+ channels on GH3 cells were steroselectively visualized by using the optical enantiomers of STBodipy-DHP. Heparin inhibited GH3 cell labeling by (-)-STBodipy-DHP with an IC50 value of 9.7 micrograms/ml and blocked L-type Ca(2+)-channel-mediated 45Ca2+ uptake with an IC50 value of 32 micrograms/ml. These findings argue for an extracellular orientation of the heparin-binding domain of the Ca2+ channel that is coupled to the DHP receptor.
The Hydrogen Bond in the Solid State (2002)

The hydrogen bond is the most important of all directional intermolecular interactions. It is operative in determining molecular conformation, molecular aggregation, and the function of a vast number of chemical systems ranging from inorganic to biological. Research into hydrogen bonds experienced a stagnant period in the 1980s, but re-opened around 1990, and has been in rapid development since then. In terms of modern concepts, the hydrogen bond is understood as a very broad phenomenon, and it is accepted that there are open borders to other effects. There are dozens of different types of X-H.A hydrogen bonds that occur commonly in the condensed phases, and in addition there are innumerable less common ones. Dissociation energies span more than two orders of magnitude (about 0.2-40 kcal mol(-1)). Within this range, the nature of the interaction is not constant, but its electrostatic, covalent, and dispersion contributions vary in their relative weights. The hydrogen bond has broad transition regions that merge continuously with the covalent bond, the van der Waals interaction, the ionic interaction, and also the cation-pi interaction. All hydrogen bonds can be considered as incipient proton transfer reactions, and for strong hydrogen bonds, this reaction can be in a very advanced state. In this review, a coherent survey is given on all these matters.
An antibody present in normal human serum inhibits the binding of cytokines to their receptors in an in vitro system (1999)

The presence of active transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in serum has not been widely accepted. In particular, although at least five studies have concluded that active TGF-β is present in normal human plasma and serum, assays that use the extracellular domain of the TGF-β type II receptor as a capture agent have given contradictory results. We show that there is an antagonist present in normal human serum which inhibits the binding of active TGF-β to the extracellular domain of the TGF-β type II receptor when it is coated on the well of an ELISA plate. This antagonist activity is due to a pool of immunoglobulins of the G2, D and M classes. Moreover, we show that this same pool of immunoglobulins also recognizes the extracellular domain of the platelet-derived growth factor α-receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and interleukin-3 receptor, by serial transfer of serum over the different receptors. In addition, the same immunoglobulin pool inhibits the binding of platelet-derived growth factor-AA to its receptor, in an analogous way to the inhibition of binding of TGF-β to its type II receptor. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the pool of immunoglobulins is recognizing a carbohydrate residue that is attached to the protein when it is synthesized by the mouse myeloma cell line, NSO, in which it is made. If the cytokine receptors are similarly glycosylated in vivo, then the presence of these antibodies in normal human serum may modulate physiological cytokine signalling.
Exploring the Implications of Vitamin B 12 Conjugation to Insulin on Insulin Receptor Binding (2008)

We recently reported a vitamin B(12) (B(12)) based insulin conjugate that produced significantly decreased blood glucose levels in diabetic STZ-rat models. The results of this study posed a fundamental question, namely what implications does B(12) conjugation have on insulin's interaction with the insulin receptor (IR)? To explore this question we used a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and immunoelectron microscopy, and the results are described herein. This investigation demonstrates that chemical modification of insulin by linking relatively large pendant groups does not inherently interfere with IR recognition. Furthermore, given that we have previously demonstrated a significant drop in blood glucose concentration following the oral administration of the B(12)-insulin bioconjugate used in this work, it is reasonable to conclude that the IR recognition described herein is associated with maintenance of biological activity for insulin. This outcome offers significant research scope for chemical modification of insulin with the purpose of improving oral-uptake efficiency.
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Two Cases of Primary Pancreatic Carcinosarcoma: Evidences of Monoclonal Origin of Epithelial and Mesenchymal Components (2012)

Carcinosarcoma comprises less than 0.1% primary pancreatic neoplasms and is associated with a poor prognosis. The histogenesis remains unknown. We hypothesize that pancreatic carcinosarcoms is a form of an existing carcinoma that undergoes a metaplastic transformation into its sarcomatous component and expresses epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers. In 2 cases of pancreatic carcinosarcoma with osteoclasts-like giant cells, we tested the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers HMGA2, ZEB1, and E-cadherin and expression of p53 using immunohistochemistry. Both adenocarcinoma and sarcomatous component express p53, HMGA2, and ZEB1, with the sarcomatous area showing much stronger and diffuse staining. E-cadherin expression is retained in carcinocarcinoma, whereas it is aberrant in all sarcoma components. We provide, for the first time, in situ evidence that epithelial to mesenchymal transition is present in pancreatic carcinosarcoma and support the monoclonal origin of these 2 distinct components in this rare malignancy.
Cyclosporin A Enhances IL-12 Production by CpG Motifs in Bacterial DNA and Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotides (1998)

Certain sequences of nucleotides (CpG motifs) in bacterial DNA or synthetic oligonucleotides (CpG DNA) promote the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-12. Here we demonstrate that the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) unexpectedly enhanced CpG DNA-induced IL-12 production in murine splenocytes. CsA did not inhibit CpG DNA-induced TNF-alpha or IL-6 production, but decreased the production of IFN-gamma by CpG DNA. Upon examining mechanisms by which CsA increases IL-12 production, we found that CpG DNA can also induce IL-10 production in B cells and that this production was sensitive to CsA. IL-10 has anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce the production of IL-12. To determine the possible role of CsA-modulated IL-10 production in mediating the increased IL-12 levels, splenocytes from IL-10 gene-disrupted mice (IL-10 -/-) and splenocytes cultured in anti-IL-10 Ab were studied. CpG DNA-stimulated IL-10 (-/-) splenocytes demonstrated no increase in IL-12 levels in the presence of CsA. Anti-IL-10 Ab treatment of normal splenocytes increased the magnitude of CpG DNA-induced IL-12 production to that seen with CsA. These results suggest that CpG DNA induces CsA-sensitive IL-10 production in B cells and that IL-10 acts as a negative feedback regulator of CpG DNA-induced IL-12 production.
Prophylactic aspirin and risk of peptic ulcer bleeding (1995)

No conventionally used prophylactic aspirin regimen seems free of the risk of peptic ulcer complications.
Role of 15-DeoxyΔ12,14 Prostaglandin J2 and Nrf2 Pathways in Protection against Acute Lung Injury (2005)

These results demonstrated in vivo that 15d-PGJ2 plays a protective role against ALI by exploiting the Nrf2-mediated transcriptional pathway.
The influence of radiofrequency ablation patterns on length, histological and mechanical properties of tendons. (2012)

The use of radiofrequency ablation for thermomodulation of connective tissues has gained acceptance with some surgeons. It is now mainly used for shoulder instability, and two techniques are commonly applied - ablation in a uniform pattern (paintbrush) and ablation in a linearly dispersed fashion (grid). The use of these techniques for shrinkage of tendons or cruciate ligaments is not widely accepted but may be utilized in selected cases. We assessed the effects of thermo-modulation via monopolar radiofrequency ablation using these two techniques on the histological and biomechanical properties of rabbit Achilles tendons. 16 paired rabbit achilles tendons were divided into two treatment groups. Using a Monopolar RF device, eight tendons were treated using the paintbrush technique, and eight using the grid technique. The tendons were shrunk to about 90% of their original length, and the paired tendons were used as control. Following thermomodulation, tendons were pulled to tear using the Instron 4502 (Instron, Mass.) device. We found treated tendons were significantly less resistant to tear when compared to control; the average load to failure of the treatment group was 19.4% lower (p=0.05) than the control group values and the average tissue stiffness in the treatment group was 11.3% lower (p=0.051) than the control group. We found a tendency towards a lower resistance to pull in the tendon group treated using the grid technique. Histological analysis demonstrated areas of collagen denaturation correlated to areas of thermomodulation. A random point of failure was found along the tendons in the paintbrush group whereas the typical point of failure in the grid group was located at the treatment point or at its margins. Our findings demonstrate that use of the grid technique in ablation of tendons creates typical failure points (locus minoris resistenci) which bring about failure and alter the biomechanical properties of the thermomodulated tendons. Thermomodulation of tendons may be used efficiently in selected cases but its detrimental effects to the biomechanical attributes of the tissue should be considered.
Current-Driven Magnetization Switching in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2005)

Current-driven magnetization switching in low-resistance Co 40 Fe 40 B 20 /MgO/Co 40 Fe 40 B 20 magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is reported. The critical-current densities J c required for current-driven switching in samples annealed at 270 and 300°C are found to be as low as 7.8×10 5 and 8.8×10 5 A/cm 2 with accompanying tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios of 49 and 73%, respectively. Further annealing of the samples at 350°C increases TMR ratio to 160%, while accompanying J c increases to 2.5×10 6 A/cm 2 . We attribute the low J c to the high spin-polarization of tunnel current and small M s V product of the CoFeB single free layer, where M s is the saturation magnetization and V the volume of the free layer.