gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Public Key distribution with secure DNS (1996)

Recently, many protocols in the Internet are proposing the use of public key cryptography in support of integrity and authentication security services. However, each of these protocols lacks a globally available public key distribution and management system. A secure version of the Domain Name System (DNS) is being developed which, conveniently, provides an infrastructure ideally suited for the distribution and management of public keys. We propose how this infrastructure of the secure DNS could be exploited by today's users of the Internet to distribute and manage their personal public keys.
Optimal fluid control can normalize cardiovascular risk markers and limit left ventricular hypertrophy in thrice weekly dialysis patients (2012)

Increased hemodialysis frequency can make fluid overload easier to treat, although most patients are still treated thrice weekly. Chronic fluid overload is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and elevated serum cardiac biomarkers, recognized as mortality risk factors. Serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT), N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular mass index by cardiac magnetic imaging, and ambulatory blood pressure was measured in 30 thrice weekly hemodiafiltration patients. Time-averaged fluid overload (TAFO) was quantified by bioimpedance spectroscopy. In the study group, left ventricular hypertrophy was found to be 26% by cardiac magnetic resonance. Ambulatory blood pressure was 130 mmHg (112-151) requiring a low equivalent dose of medication of 0.25 units (0-1). Significantly, lower levels of left ventricular mass index (P < 0.05) were associated in those patients with TAFO <1 L or NT-proBNP <1200 pg/mL or cTnT <0.1 ug/L. In the subgroups, 16 patients had normal cTnT (<0.03 ug/L), 16 patients had NT-proBNP <400 pg/mL, and 20 patients had TAFO <1 L. Nine patients had both cTnT <0.03 ug/L and NT-proBNP <400 pg/mL. Normally hydrated thrice-weekly hemodiafiltration patients can have cardiac biomarker and TAFO levels indistinguishable from the normal healthy population. Obtaining TAFO by bioimpedance monitoring can offer a practical alternative to serum cardiac biomarkers.
Signal detection theory pain measures: Empirical validation studies and adaptation-level effects (1979)

Proponents of the use of signal detection theory (SDT) in the assessment of pain modulation have generally looked for changes in d' to indicate a reduction of sensory function, and a change in criterion to indicate a modification of the subject's response bias or attitudinal predisposition. In the first experiment, both assumptions failed to receive empirical verification. Discrimination d' was eqivalent before and after two strong levels of electrical current was reduced. The criterion parameter appeared to shift in a more conservative direction after the stimulus diminution. These results are used to question the validity of both detection and discrimination indices in the measurement of pain. An alternative means for describing the experimental results revealed a striking adaptation-level effect with implications for the assessment of both experimentally induced and endogenous pain. The outcome of a second experiment reinforced the adaptation-level theory interpretation of the results and provided additional evidence concerning the difficultuies in evaluating SDT parameters in studies of potential analgesics.
Physical Studies of Protein-DNA Complexes by Footprinting (1989)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
The reaction of carbonium ions in sulphuric acid with acetylene and substituted acetylenes (1972)

Treatment of adamantan-1-ol in sulphuric acid with acetylene leads to 1-adamantylacetaldehyde or 1-adamantyl methyl ketone as major product (together with 1-methylhomoadamantan-2-one), depending on the experimental conditions (acid concentration and reaction time). The reactions of the adamantyl, diphenylmethyl, and norbornyl cations with acetylene and substituted acetylenes have been examined.
Design of a long-acting follitropin agonist by fusing the C-terminal sequence of the chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit to the follitropin beta subunit. (1992)

Follitropin (FSH) is a pituitary glycoprotein hormone that is essential for the development of ovarian follicles and testicular seminiferous tubules. FSH is used clinically to stimulate follicular maturation for in vitro fertilization and treatment of anovulatory women. One issue regarding the clinical use of FSH is its short half-life in the circulation. To address this point, we constructed chimeric genes containing the sequence encoding the C-terminal peptide of the chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit (CG beta) fused to the translated sequence of the human FSH beta subunit (FSH beta). This region of CG beta is important for maintaining the prolonged plasma half-life of human CG dimer. The presence of the C-terminal peptide sequence did not significantly affect assembly of FSH beta with the alpha subunit or secretion of the dimer. In vitro receptor binding and steroidogenic activity of dimer bearing the FSH beta-C-terminal peptide chimera were the same as wild-type FSH. However, both the in vivo potency and half-life in circulation of the dimer bearing either one or two C-terminal peptide units were enhanced. Dimers containing FSH beta-CG beta chimeras could serve as potent FSH agonists for clinical use, and the present strategy may have wide applications for enhancing the in vivo half-life of diverse proteins.
p38-2, a Novel Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase with Distinct Properties (1997)

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are involved in many cellular processes. Here we describe the cloning and characterization of a new MAP kinase, p38-2. p38-2 belongs to the p38 subfamily of MAP kinases and shares with it the TGY phosphorylation motif. The complete p38-2 cDNA was isolated by polymerase chain reaction. It encodes a 364-amino acid protein with 73% identity to p38. Two shorter isoforms missing the phosphorylation motif were identified. Analysis of various tissues demonstrated that p38-2 is differently expressed from p38. Highest expression levels were found in heart and skeletal muscle. Like p38, p38-2 is activated by stress-inducing signals and proinflammatory cytokines. The preferred upstream kinase is MEK6. Although p38-2 and p38 phosphorylate the same substrates, the site specificity of phosphorylation can differ as shown by two-dimensional phosphopeptide analysis of Sap-1a. Additionally, kinetic studies showed that p38-2 appears to be about 180 times more active than p38 on certain substrates such as ATF2. Both kinases are inhibited by a class of pyridinyl imidazoles. p38-2 phosphorylation of ATF2 and Sap-1a but not Elk1 results in increased transcriptional activity of these factors. A sequential kinetic mechanism of p38-2 is suggested by steady state kinetic analysis. In conclusion, p38-2 may be an important component of the stress response required for the homeostasis of a cell.
MU-MIMO in LTE Systems (2011)

A relatively recent idea of extending the benefits of MIMO systems to multiuser scenarios seems promising in the context of achieving high data rates envisioned for future cellular standards after 3G (3rd Generation). Although substantial research has been done on the theoretical front, recent focus is on making Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MUMIMO) practically realizable. This paper presents an overview of the different MU-MIMO schemes included/being studied in 3GPP standardization from LTE (long-term evolution) to LTE Advanced. MU-MIMO system concepts and implementation aspects have been studied here. Various low-complexity receiver architectures are investigated, and their performance assessed through link-level simulations. Appealing performance offered by low-complexity interference aware (IA) receivers is notably emphasized. Furthermore, system level simulations for LTE Release 8 are provided. Interestingly, it is shown that MU-MIMO only offers marginal performance gains with respect to single-user MIMO. This arises from the limited MU-MIMO features included in Release 8 and calls for improved schemes for the upcoming releases.
A new method for the analysis of amide-linked hydroxy fatty acids in lipid-As from gram-negative bacteria (1992)

Lipid-A represents the ubiquitous, covalently bound hydrophobic component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins). Lipid-As isolated and characterized from rhizobial species have large variations in their backbone sugars, as well as in their hydroxy fatty acid substituents. The sugar backbones consist of either glucosamine and galacturonic acid or glucosamine and 2,3-diaminoglucose. The published procedures for characterizing amide-linked fatty acids do not release all these fatty acids, hence a new method was developed to characterize the amide-linked hydroxy fatty acids. This method involves a mild methanolysis procedure to release glucosamine methyl glycosides which still contain the amide-bound hydroxy fatty acids. The products were analysed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and, after trimethylsilylation, by electron impact (E.I.) and chemical ionization (C.I.) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The procedure was applied to lipid-A preparations from several gram-negative bacteria. This method allows the unequivocal identification of amide-linked hydroxy fatty acids and also allows determination of the microheterogeneity of the N-acyl substituents in lipid-As from gram-negative bacteria.
Transmucosal passage of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules as a new drug carrier in the small intestine (1987)

The enteral absorption of particles has been investigated in the dog using a colloidal drug carrier, polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules loaded with an iodized oil (Lipiodol), as a tracer for X-ray microprobe analysis in a scanning electron microscope. Nanocapsules are spherical capsules, 100 to 200 nm in diameter, with a continuous polymeric wall surrounding a cavity which encapsulates the drug. Administered in the jejunal lumen, Lipiodol nanocapsules improved the absorption of the tracer as indicated by increased concentration of iodine in the plasma of mesenteric blood. In order to follow nanocapsules at the cellular level, all tissue compartments were preserved in a life-like state by cryofixation and freeze-drying of intestinal biopsies. Nanocapsules appeared in the intestinal lumen close to the mucus, then in intercellular spaces and defects of the mucosa and finally in the lamina propria and blood capillaries; in this latter compartment, the iodine content was four-fold higher than after intra-jejunal administration of Lipiodol emulsion. This complete phenomenon occurred only at the tip of the villi and happened within less than 60 min. We conclude that nanocapsules enhance the rate of absorption of Lipiodol and transport the drug from the intestinal lumen to the vascular compartment using a paracellular pathway. Thus they may be useful as drug carrier for oral administration of many chemicals.
Genetic screen for cloned release factor genes (1984)

Nonsense suppression reflects competition between a nonsense suppressor tRNA and a translational release factor. This provides a simple way to screen for release factor genes cloned into a multicopy plasmid. We have confirmed that the expected competition occurs with the gene for release factor 2, cloned by C.T. Caskey et al. (C.T. Caskey, W.C. Forrester, W. Tate, and C.D. Ward, J. Bacteriol. 158:365-368, 1984), and used it to clone the gene for release factor 1.
Channel and Pin Assignment for Three Dimensional Packaging Routing (2004)

Three dimensional packaging is becoming a popular concept because of the numerous advantages it has to offer over the existing conventional technologies. System on Packages (SOP) is an example of three dimensional packaging. The contribution of this work is threefold: (i) formulation of the new 3-dimensional global routing problem, (ii) a new routing flow that considers the various design constraints unique to SOP, and (iii) a global router for the technology. Our related experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
468: High Grade Prostate Cancer: What is the Best Treatment Approach? (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium, Sunday, May 22, 2005, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 2005468: High Grade Prostate Cancer: What is the Best Treatment Approach? Ashutosh Tewari, Ram Dasari, Assaad El-Hakim, George Devine, M. Mendel Shemtov, Christopher R. Porter, Eduard J. Gamito, Peter N. Schlegel, and Mani Menon Ashutosh TewariAshutosh Tewari More articles by this author , Ram DasariRam Dasari More articles by this author , Assaad El-HakimAssaad El-Hakim More articles by this author , George DevineGeorge Devine More articles by this author , M. Mendel ShemtovM. Mendel Shemtov More articles by this author , Christopher R. PorterChristopher R. Porter More articles by this author , Eduard J. GamitoEduard J. Gamito More articles by this author , Peter N. SchlegelPeter N. Schlegel More articles by this author , and Mani MenonMani Menon More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34721-9AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "468: High Grade Prostate Cancer: What is the Best Treatment Approach?." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 128 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 128 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Ashutosh Tewari More articles by this author Ram Dasari More articles by this author Assaad El-Hakim More articles by this author George Devine More articles by this author M. Mendel Shemtov More articles by this author Christopher R. Porter More articles by this author Eduard J. Gamito More articles by this author Peter N. Schlegel More articles by this author Mani Menon More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Androgen receptors are acquired by healthy postmenopausal endometrial epithelium and their subsequent loss in endometrial cancer is associated with poor survival (2016)

Postmenopausal endometrial epithelium acquires AR whilst preserving other steroid hormone receptors. Loss of AR, PR with retention of ERα and ERβ may promote the unrestrained growth of HGEC. Androgen receptor may therefore be a clinically relevant prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target in EC.
The Impact of the Micro-Lightguide O2C for the Quantification of Tissue Ischemia in Diabetic Foot Ulcers (2004)

O2C is a new reliable and valid method for noninvasive measurement of tissue oxygenation and microvascular blood flow in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
Strategies for the Design of Random siRNA Libraries and the Selection of anti-GFP siRNAs (2005)

Various methods have been devised to elucidate gene function in a highthroughput format. With the potential to silence any gene once the sequence is known, small, interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been considered ideal for functional analysis and gene target validation (1–3). Furthermore, the technology has unprecedented target flexibility. By performing RNAi on a large scale using siRNA libraries, this reverse-genetic method can essentially be used as a forward-genetic screening tool. In this respect, genomewide siRNA screens in Caenorhabditis elegans using libraries of in vitro-transcribed long doublestranded RNAs (dsRNAs) have been useful in gene discovery and functional annotation in various processes, including embryonic development (4,5).
Evidence of efficient stop codon readthrough in four mammalian genes (2014)

Stop codon readthrough is used extensively by viruses to expand their gene expression. Until recent discoveries in Drosophila, only a very limited number of readthrough cases in chromosomal genes had been reported. Analysis of conserved protein coding signatures that extend beyond annotated stop codons identified potential stop codon readthrough of four mammalian genes. Here we use a modified targeted bioinformatic approach to identify a further three mammalian readthrough candidates. All seven genes were tested experimentally using reporter constructs transfected into HEK-293T cells. Four displayed efficient stop codon readthrough, and these have UGA immediately followed by CUAG. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that in the four readthrough candidates containing UGA-CUAG, this motif is conserved not only in mammals but throughout vertebrates with the first six of the seven nucleotides being universally conserved. The importance of the CUAG motif was confirmed using a systematic mutagenesis approach. One gene, OPRL1, encoding an opiate receptor, displayed extremely efficient levels of readthrough (∼31%) in HEK-293T cells. Signals both 5' and 3' of the OPRL1 stop codon contribute to this high level of readthrough. The sequence UGA-CUA alone can support 1.5% readthrough, underlying its importance.
Enzymic degradation of heparin. A glucosaminidase and a glycuronidase from Flavobacterium heparinum (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzymic degradation of heparin. A glucosaminidase and a glycuronidase from Flavobacterium heparinumCarl P. DietrichCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 5, 2089–2094Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00833a046https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00833a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
First Report of Bacterial Fruit Blotch of Watermelon Caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli in Illinois (2002)

In August 2001, symptomatic mature fruit of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cvs. Crimson Sweet and Royal Sweet were collected from six fields (48 ha) in Iroquois, Kankakee, and Mason counties in Illinois. The fruit surface had dark green, water-soaked lesions, and the rind's epidermis was cracked. Sections of infected rind were examined with a light microscope, and bacterial streaming was observed. Rind tissue was disinfested by rubbing the fruit surface with a paper towel moistened with 70% ethanol. Pieces of rind from the margins of lesions were placed in a test tube containing sterile-distilled water. The tube was shaken, and the suspension was streaked on King's medium B agar in petri plates. The plates were incubated at 26°C for 3 days. A nonfluorescent, gramnegative, anaerobic, oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated that produced creamy white colonies on nutrient agar. The bacterium was identified as Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test specific for A. avenae subsp. citrulli (kit PSA 14,800; Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN). The disease was diagnosed as bacterial fruit blotch (1,2). The occurrence of bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon in Illinois is important because (i) watermelon is widely grown in Illinois, (ii) the pathogen also infects melons and pumpkins, and (iii) Illinois grows approximately 1,000 ha of melons and 8,000 ha of pumpkins. References: (1) R. X. Latin. Bacterial fruit blotch. Pages 34-35 in: Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN,1996. (2) G. S. Somodi et al. Plant Dis. 75:1053, 1991.
Anti-Ca 2+ channel antibody attenuates Ca 2+ currents and mimics cerebellar ataxia in vivo (2008)

Voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (VGCCs) are membrane proteins that determine the activity and survival of neurons, and mutations in the P/Q-type VGCCs are known to cause cerebellar ataxia. VGCC dysfunction may also underlie acquired peripheral and central nervous system diseases associated with small-cell lung cancer, including Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia (PCA). The pathogenic role of anti-VGCC antibody in LEMS is well established. Although anti-VGCC antibody is also found in a significant fraction of PCA patients, its contribution to PCA is unclear. Using a polyclonal peptide antibody against a major immunogenic region in P/Q-type VGCCs (the extracellular Domain-III S5-S6 loop), we demonstrated that such antibody was sufficient to inhibit VGCC function in neuronal and recombinant VGCCs, alter cerebellar synaptic transmission, and confer the phenotype of cerebellar ataxia. Our data support the hypothesis that anti-VGCC antibody may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cerebellar dysfunction in PCA.
Control of radiofrequency lesion size by power regulation. (1989)

The influence of power and exposure duration on lesion size in radiofrequency catheter ablation was investigated in 15 closed-chest dogs. Radiofrequency energy was delivered to the right ventricular endocardium between the tip of a standard 6F electrode catheter and a large W and durations of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60 seconds. At necropsy 1 week later, well-demarcated homogeneous lesions were found when power had exceeded a threshold level that decreased from 1.8 W at 5 seconds to 0.7 W at 60 seconds. Lesion size ranged from 0 to 7.5 mm in depth and 0 to 9 mm in diameter. For the 5, 10, and 20 second ablations, lesion size was determined by exposure duration and power level. However, after a 20 second exposure, lesion size had reached maturity and was related to delivered power only. Therefore, a gradual, controlled growth of the lesion can be obtained by a stepwise increase of the radiofrequency power level with ample exposure duration at each level to allow for stabilization. At levels exceeding 7 W, the formation of a thin insulating layer of blood coagulum on the electrode surface caused an abrupt increase of impedance within approximately 30 seconds. Therefore, lesion size is limited to 8.5 mm in radiofrequency ablation with a standard 6F endocardial electrode catheter.