gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clonotypic differences in signaling from CD94 (kp43) on NK cells lead to divergent cellular responses (1996)

Abstract Ligation of MHC class I-recognizing receptors on NK cells dramatically modulates their secretory and cytotoxic function. This study focuses on characterizing key signaling events regulating these activities after ligation of the C-type lectin superfamily member, CD94. We isolated separate clonal populations of human NK cells in which ligation of CD94 (kp43) either triggered cell-mediated cytotoxicity (group A clones) or potently inhibited NK cell activation (group B clones). We then evaluated the proximal signaling events that regulate these alternative responses. CD94 stimulation of group A clones induced the rapid activation of intracellular protein tyrosine kinases (i.e., lck and ZAP-70), phospholipase C, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. In contrast, CD94 ligation on group B clones had none of the above noted effects and instead inhibited the FcR-induced tyrosine phosphorylations of ZAP-70 and phospholipase C-gamma 2, the formation of phospho-zeta/ZAP-70 complexes, and the release of inositol phosphates. These results define distinct proximal signaling events initiated after CD94 ligation and suggest that clonotypic differences in signaling generate fundamentally different NK cell-mediated responses.
Open-core screw dislocations in GaN epilayers observed by scanning force microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (1995)

Structural investigations of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy grown α-GaN films using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning force microscopy have revealed the presence of tunnel-like defects with 35–500 Å radii that are aligned along the growth direction of the crystal and penetrate the entire epilayer. These defects, which are termed ‘‘nanopipes,’’ terminate on the free surface of the film at the centers of hexagonal growth hillocks and form craters with 600–1000 Å radii. Either one or two pairs of monolayer-height spiral steps were observed to emerge from the surface craters which allowed us to conclude that nanopipes are the open cores of screw dislocations. The measured dimensions of the defects are compared to Frank’s theory for the open-core dislocation.
Hepatic oval cells express the hematopoietic stem cell marker thy-1 in the rat (1998)

Hepatic oval cells (HOC) are a small subpopulation of cells found in the liver when hepatocyte proliferation is inhibited and followed by some type of hepatic injury. HOC can be induced to proliferate using a 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF)/hepatic injury (i.e., CCl4, partial hepatectomy [PHx]) protocol. These cells are believed to be bipotential, i.e., able to differentiate into hepatocytes or bile ductular cells. In the past, isolation of highly enriched populations of these cells has been difficult. Thy-1 is a cell surface marker used in conjunction with CD34 and lineage-specific markers to identify hematopoietic stem cells. Thy-1 antigen is not normally expressed in adult liver, but is expressed in fetal liver, presumably on the hematopoietic cells. We report herein that HOC express high levels of Thy-1. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the cells expressing Thy-1 were indeed oval cells, because they also expressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), cytokeratin 19 (CK-19), OC.2, and OV-6, all known markers for oval cell identification. In addition, the Thy-1+ cells were negative for desmin, a marker specific for Ito cells. Using Thy-1 antibody as a new marker for the identification of oval cells, a highly enriched population was obtained. Using flow cytometric methods, we isolated a 95% to 97% pure Thy-1+ oval cell population. Our results indicate that cell sorting using Thy-1 could be an attractive tool for future studies, which would facilitate both in vivo and in vitro studies of HOC.
Cytokines in endocrinology: their roles in health and in disease (1991)

INTRODUCTION Cytokines are soluble polypeptides released from cells of the immune system. Their production in endocrine glands and their actions on hormone-responsive cells is currently a subject of intense research interest. There is strong evidence for the involvement of cytokines in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes and thyroid disease. In addition they may regulate the growth and differentiated function of cells as they are known to do in the reticuloendothelial system. Cytokines may thus contribute to the development of functional endocrine disturbances and neoplasms. They are also involved in bone modelling processes and their action may be disturbed in disorders of bone. Greater understanding of the effects of cytokines will give insight into normal regulatory processes in endocrine tissues and may lead to therapeutic advances. The aim of this article is to review these actions and to speculate as to their physiological and pathophysiological significance as well as
Glucose and Glucose‐Containing Syrups (2006)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction and History 2. Properties of Glucose 2.1. Structure 2.2. Physical Properties 2.3. Chemical Properties 3. Raw Materials 4. General Principles of Starch Hydrolysis 4.1. Production and Properties of Acid Glucose Syrups 4.2. Production and Properties of Acid ‐ Enzyme Glucose Syrups 4.3. Production and Properties of Enzyme ‐ Enzyme Glucose Syrups 5. Production of Solid Glucose 5.1 Production of Total sugars 5.2 Production of Pure Crystalline Products 6. Glucose ‐ Fructose Syrups 6.1. Properties 6.2. Production 6.3. High‐Fructose Syrups from Inulin 7. Analysis 8. Legal Aspects 9. Storage and Transportation 10. Uses 11. Economic Aspects 12. Physiological Properties and Toxicology of Glucose
Complete femtosecond linear free induction decay, Fourier algorithm for dispersion relations, and accuracy of the rotating wave approximation (2001)

A complete (both amplitude and phase) measurement of the femtosecond linear free induction decay on a Raman active dye in solution (IR144 in methanol) is demonstrated. For weak femtosecond pulses passing through a homogeneous material, Beer’s Law can be used to predict the spectral amplitude changes, and dispersion relations can be used to calculate the spectral phase change. A modified fast Fourier transform algorithm calculates the phase change by applying dispersion relations to a symmetrical absorption spectrum spanning positive and negative frequencies. A reformulation of the rotating wave approximation in the frequency domain shows that related limits on the accuracy of the rotating wave approximation in nonlinear optics arise from the width of the linear spectrum relative to the center frequency, and not from the excitation pulses.
Ecdysteroid receptors of the blowfly Calliphora vicina (1989)

Ecdysteroids, the molting hormones of arthropods, act like vertebrate steroid hormones by binding to an intracellular receptor protein. We have recently isolated a protein from nuclei of blowfly larvae which has satisfied the requirements of an ecdysteroid receptor. The receptor was partially purified and its ecdysteroid-binding properties were characterized. The availability of receptor preparations which have been stabilized by partial purification now enables us to study the general DNA-binding properties of ecdysteroid receptors. DNA-binding characteristics of ecdysteroid receptors were studied with calf thymus DNA. Affinity for DNA was observed both in the presence and in the absence of steroid ligand but the ligand clearly enhanced binding of receptors to DNA. Receptor preparations contained a heterogeneous mixture of receptors; up to 25% of DNA-binding receptors, and nonbinding forms of ecdysteroid receptors. The ability to bind to DNA was subject to inactivation which was not affected by partial purification, but which could be decelerated by dilution of the receptor preparation. Thus, dilution resulted in a spurious activation of DNA binding. A genuine activation, which would have led to an increase in the percentage of the DNA-binding form of the ecdysteroid receptor complex, was not observed.
The Immunizing Effect of Influenza A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1) Virus Vaccine Administered Intradermally and Intramuscularly to Adults (1977)

2The immunogenicity and reactogenicity of inactivated influenza A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1) whole-virus vaccine administered intradermally (40 chick cell-agglutinating units/0.1-ml dose) and intramuscularly (im; 200 chick cell-agglutinating units/0.5-ml dose) to human adults were evaluated. Among 18-24-year-old persons initially free of detectable antibody, intradermal vaccination induced lower titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies than did im vaccination, and a sequence of intradermal and im vaccinations did not offer any serologic advantage over one im dose. In contrast, persons over the age of 24 who initially lacked detectable antibody had as good a serologic response to intradermal vaccination as to im vaccination. Among individuals who had antibody before vaccination, immunization by either route induced greater increases in titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody than occurred in initially antibody-negative persons, even when the latter were given two doses of vaccine. Somewhat fewer systemic reactions occurred after intradermal than after im vaccination, but the intradermal route was associated with local reactions in almost all vaccinees and with some residual pigmentary changes. These results suggest that intradermal vaccination should be used only in very selected circumstances.
Quasi‐Amorphous Colloidal Structures for Electrically Tunable Full‐Color Photonic Pixels with Angle‐Independency (2010)

Quasi-amorphous colloidal structures exhibiting angle-independent tunable photonic colors in response to the electric stimuli. Moderately polydisperse colloidal Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles dispersed in organic solvents exclusively form quasi-amorphous photonic materials at sufficiently high concentrations, and which reversibly reflect incident light in visible region in response to the relatively low bias voltages.
The pathobiology of Parkinson's disease: biochemical aspects of dopamine neuron senescence. (1983)

The intracellular generation of reactive forms of reduced oxygen, namely, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radical, can damage dopamine neurons. Oxy-radicals, and hydrogen peroxide generated by monoamine oxidase, can contribute to increased rates of senescence of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease. The evidence that oxy-radicals and monoamine oxidase are potentially cytotoxic is reviewed, and a pathobiology of dopamine neuron senescence in Parkinson's disease is proposed.
Divalent cations and electrical properties of cortical cells (1969)

Abstract 1. Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ have been applied by microiontophoresis, mainly in doses of 20–200 nA, to cortical cells in cats under Dial. 2. Both divalent cations had a similar action, causing a sharp but reversible fall in the electrical excitability of neurones. 3. Ca 2+ was slightly more potent than Mg 2+ ; in small doses the two cations had an additive effect. 4. The fall in neuronal excitability was not associated with definite changes in membrane potential or resistance. 5. The amounts of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ applied did not cause any obvious alteration in synaptic efficiency. 6. The membrane properties of unresponsive cells (probably neuroglia) were not markedly altered by the divalent ions, except for an occasional increase in membrane resistance.
Relevance of the Viral RAK Alpha Gene in Diagnosis of Malignant Versus Nonmalignant Tumors of the Ovary and Uterus (2000)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-like antigens RAK (named after the inventor E. M. Rakowicz) p120, p42, and p25, as well as HIV-1-like segments of cancer DNA (RAK gene alpha), have been found before in breast and prostate cancers. The present study focused on determining the value of markers RAK in the diagnosis and prognosis of gynecological cancer. Expression of RAK antigens in ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vulvar cancer, in benign tumors, in tissues adjacent to cancer, and in normal tissues was tested by Western blot hybridization of the electrophoretically separated proteins with monoclonal antibody RAK BrI. The RAK alpha gene was PCR amplified with HIV-1-derived primers SK68 and SK69. RAK antigens p120, p42, and p25 were found in 95% of ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancer cases and in 75% of vulvar cancer cases. The RAK alpha gene was expressed in 100% of cancer cases, in approximately 25% of benign ovarian tumors, and in 40% of benign tumors of the uterus. DNA sequences amplified in all cancer cases exhibited more than 90% homology to HIV-1 gp41 and were encoded for the functional peptide. DNA sequences found in benign tumors contained frameshift mutations and encoded truncated or nonfunctional peptides. Such sequences have not been amplified in normal tissues. RAK antigens and the RAK alpha gene seem to belong to a lentivirus type that is highly related to HIV-1. Beyond the diagnostic value of RAK markers, future cloning of the full viral genome would lead to a better understanding of the etiology of malignant and nonmalignant tumors of reproductive organs and to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
A NOTE ON MARIE DE FRANCE'S CHEVREFOIL (1982)

Journal Article A NOTE ON MARIE DE FRANCE'S CHEVREFOIL Get access GLYN S. BURGESS GLYN S. BURGESS Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies Bulletin, Volume 2, Issue 3, SUMMER 1982, Pages 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1093/frebul/2.3.1 Published: 01 July 1982
Wiremesh: A Novel Shale Fracturing Simulator (2010)

Abstract A mathematical model was constructed to better characterize and predict the growth of induced hydraulic fracture networks (HFN) in naturally fractured formations such as shale. The model represents the HFN developed during a hydraulic fracturing stimulation treatment by a growing elliptic volume of the stimulated formation. It consists of two perpendicular sets of vertical planar fractures with mechanical interactions among themselves and with injected fluid fully accounted for. The model is further constrained by the amount of fluids pumped into the formation. Based on this mathematical model, a semi-analytical simulator was developed for design and planning of hydraulic fracturing stimulation jobs. It is capable of predicting the growth of HFN (height, length, width)predicting proppant placement (all directions or dominant fracture only) and fracture conductivitysupporting variable pump schedules for fluid and proppantsupporting limited entry for slurry injectionsupporting multiple fluid typessupporting multiple proppant typesdegenerating to bi-wing fracture
Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dynamic CT perfusion to assess the effect of carotid revascularization in chronic cerebral ischemia. (2000)

We present the case of a female patient who was studied with dynamic contrast-enhanced CT perfusion before and after carotid revascularization. Before treatment, there was decreased perfusion in the ipsilateral insula, which was shown to be resolved on the scan obtained 1 day after treatment, indicating the technical success of the revascularization. In the ipsilateral basal ganglia, there was delayed contrast agent clearance from the tissue, which was attributed to vasodilation; after revascularization, there remained a subtle stenotic effect. The observed changes in the dynamic CT perfusion study suggest that this technique may be a useful tool in the evaluation of patients with asymmetrical cerebral blood flow.
B Cell Allogeneic Responses after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Is It Time to Address this Issue? (2005)

To date, B cell responses have retained less attention than T, natural killer or dendritic cell responses in the alloreactive conflict after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Here, we discuss recent clinical and experimental data supporting a role of allogeneic B cell responses in graft-host interactions after HCT. We report results in a murine model of reduced intensity conditioning transplantation (RICT) showing that host B cells can be involved in chronic graft-versus-host disease occurrence. We also describe the control of antidonor alloresponses by intravenous simultaneous infusion of apoptotic cells with allogeneic hematopoietic grafts.
An Improved Procedure for the Synthesis of Nucleoside Phosphoramidates (2002)

Nucleoside phosphoramidates provide an elegant means to permit cellular absorption of masked phosphate esters, and, by doing so, remove any dependence of the biological response on nucleoside kinase activity. The present report details a means to synthesize nucleoside phophoramidates on a multipound scale with a high (>99%) degree of purity, suitable for use in human clinical trials.
Genetic selection for crescent formation yields mouse strain with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and small vessel vasculitis. (1993)

We have established a recombinant inbred strain of mouse named spontaneous crescentic glomerulonephritis-forming mouse/Kinjoh or SCG/Kj. Mice of this strain spontaneously develop rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. This strain of mice was derived from (BXSB/Mp x MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr)F1 hybrid mice by brother x sister mating coupled with repeated histopathologic selection for breeding of mice whose parents had the highest frequency of crescent formation in the kidneys. In this strain of mice, nephritis appears earlier and is more rapidly progressive than in any other murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Histopathologically, the characteristic renal lesions in the mice of this strain express a most dramatic form of crescentic glomerulonephritis. The lesions in the kidneys show only slight fine granular immune deposits along the glomerular basement membrane associated with remarkable extraglomerular proliferation and hemorrhage in Bowman's space. Although selection was not based on vasculitis, mice of this strain also exhibit a high incidence of necrotizing vasculitis. These vascular lesions involve primarily small arteries and arterioles and many organs and tissues but spare the kidneys. Thus this form of vasculitis has been found to be correlated with the crescentic form of glomerulonephritis but not with lymphoid hyperplasia of the spleen. We conclude that, in this strain of mouse, the rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is genetically restricted and that this genetic restriction is firmly linked to that responsible for the vasculitis.
Electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with cluster headache on verapamil therapy (2007)

OBJECTIVE: To study whether recombinant human erythropoietin (r-hu-Epo) improves anaemia and reduces disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anaemia of chronic disease (ACD). METHODS: A 52 week placebo controlled randomised double blind trial with r-hu-Epo was performed in 70 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and ACD. Thirty four patients were treated with 240 U kg-1 r-hu-Epo subcutaneously, initially three doses weekly, while 36 patients received placebo. RESULTS: A significant increase of haemoglobin from a median of 112 to 135 g litre-1 occurred in the Epo group within six weeks and could be sustained with reduced doses (median 240 U kg-1 once weekly). Sustained benefit compared to placebo was also apparent by six weeks for disease activity, as indicated by the Paulus 20% response rate. Of patients in the Epo group, 32% eventually showed a Paulus 20% response, compared to 8% of the placebo group (P = 0.016). Significant differences in favour of the Epo group were also observed in the secondary disease activity measures Ritchie index, number of swollen joints, pain score, ESR, and patients9 global assessment of disease activity. C reactive protein concentrations did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ACD in rheumatoid arthritis with r-hu-Epo is effective in restoring normal haemoglobin levels and also exerts a beneficial effect on disease activity.
Renal Progenitor Cells Contribute to Hyperplastic Lesions of Podocytopathies and Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (2009)

Glomerular injury can involve excessive proliferation of glomerular epithelial cells, resulting in crescent formation and obliteration of Bowman's space. The origin of these hyperplastic epithelial cells in different glomerular disorders is controversial. Renal progenitors localized to the inner surface of Bowman's capsule can regenerate podocytes, but whether dysregulated proliferation of these progenitors contributes to crescent formation is unknown. In this study, we used confocal microscopy, laser capture microdissection, and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR to demonstrate that hypercellular lesions of different podocytopathies and crescentic glomerulonephritis consist of three distinct populations: CD133(+)CD24(+)podocalyxin (PDX)(-)nestin(-) renal progenitors, CD133(+)CD24(+)PDX(+)nestin(+) transitional cells, and CD133(-)CD24(-)PDX(+)nestin(+) differentiated podocytes. In addition, TGF-beta induced CD133(+)CD24(+) progenitors to produce extracellular matrix, and these were the only cells to express the proliferation marker Ki67. Taken together, these results suggest that glomerular hyperplastic lesions derive from the proliferation of renal progenitors at different stages of their differentiation toward mature podocytes, providing an explanation for the pathogenesis of hyperplastic lesions in podocytopathies and crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Influence of batch or fed-batch growth on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation (2004)

Differences in biofilm formation and PNAG production by S. epidermidis are dependent on the availability of nutrients, with higher availability correlating with more biofilm and PNAG production. SIGNIFICANCE OF AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Comparisons of the formation of biofilms by S. epidermidis are dependent on choosing an appropriate biofilm growth system. Comparability or disparity of conclusions among different investigations will be strongly influenced by which mode S. epidermidis biofilms are formed.