gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A programmable electronic stimulator for FES systems (1994)

A low-cost, programmable, galvanically isolated bipolar four channel stimulator for patterned electrical stimulation has been developed. The design is based on a newly developed concept, and it includes a high efficiency DC/DC converter securing high output voltage and sufficient energy to drive four output stages, a microcontroller for control of charge compensation, pulse rate and duration, as well as patterns of exercise and functional use regimes. A user-friendly interface for programming of the stimulator has been developed for the PC host computer, using Windows environment and a push-button control for functional application of the system. The use in humans who suffered a central nervous system lesion and lost voluntary control over muscles necessary for standing, walking, or manipulation was tested. The prototype is small, light, battery-operated, and flexible for various applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dual integrated actuators for extended range high speed atomic force microscopy (1999)

A flexible system for increasing the throughput of the atomic force microscope without sacrificing imaging range is presented. The system is based on a nested feedback loop which controls a micromachined cantilever that contains both an integrated piezoelectric actuator and an integrated thermal actuator. This combination enables high speed imaging (2 mm/s) over an extended range by utilizing the piezoelectric actuator’s high bandwidth (15 kHz) and thermal actuator’s large response (300 nm/V). A constant force image, where the sample topography exceeds the range of the piezoelectric actuator alone, is presented. It has also been demonstrated that the deflection response of the thermal actuator can be linearized and controlled with an integrated diode.
Avian necrotic enteritis: Experimental models, host immunity, pathogenesis, risk factors, and vaccine development (2011)

The increasing trends of legislative restrictions and voluntary removal of antibiotic growth promoters worldwide has already affected, and will continue to affect, poultry production and animal health. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is being considered among the most important infectious diseases in the current poultry production system globally, with an estimated annual economic loss of more than $2 billion, largely attributable to medical treatments and impaired growth performance. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop rational, alternative, and integrated management strategies not only to control NE, but also to prevent it. In both humans and many warm-blooded animals and birds, NE is caused by Clostridium perfringens, a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium. To accomplish these goals, better understanding of host- and environmentally related factors on the development of NE and potential vaccination strategies against C. perfringens infection will be necessary. Furthermore, a reliable and reproducible NE disease model is needed for characterization of C. perfringens pathogenesis and host protective immunity. This review summarizes recent developments in NE disease models, pathogenesis, host immunity, risk factors, and vaccine development for C. perfringens-associated NE in poultry.
Dual Effect of CD85/Leukocyte Ig-Like Receptor-1/Ig-Like Transcript 2 and CD152 (CTLA-4) on Cytokine Production by Antigen-Stimulated Human T Cells (2002)

The functional outcome of a T cell response to Ag is the result of a balance between coactivation and inhibitory signals. In this study we have investigated the effects of the CD85/leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LIR)-1/Ig-like transcript (ILT) 2 and of CD152 (CTLA-4) inhibitory receptors on the modulation of cell-mediated immune responses to specific Ags, both at the effector and at the resting/memory cell level. Proliferation and cytokine production of CD4+ T lymphocytes stimulated by recall Ags have been evaluated. Cross-linking of CD85/LIR-1/ILT2 or CD152 molecules on cultured T cells using specific mAb and goat anti-mouse antiserum inhibits Ag-specific T cell proliferation. This inhibition is always paralleled by increased production of cytokines that down-regulate immune responses, e.g., IL-10 and TGF-beta. In contrast, the production of cytokines that support T cell expansion and function (e.g., IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-13) is significantly decreased. A long-term effect of CD85/LIR-1/ILT2 and of CD152 occurs during Ag-specific T cell activation and expansion. T cells, primed in the presence of anti-CD85/LIR-1/ILT2 and anti-CD152 blocking mAb (but in the absence of cross-linking), proliferate at higher rates and produce higher amounts of IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-13, in comparison with T cells stimulated with the Ag alone. We also show that the inhibitory receptors exert a similar effect during Ag activation of specific CD4+ effector T cells. Ag-specific polyclonal CD4+ T cell lines exhibit increased proliferation and IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-13 production when the CD85/LIR-1/ILT2 receptor is blocked by specific mAb. In contrast, cross-linking of this receptor down-regulates Ag-specific CD4+ T cell proliferation and increases IL-10 and TGF-beta production.
Retrato de María Cristina de Habsburgo, pintura inédita de Juan Luna Novicio (1993)

Juan Luna, Philippine painter settled down in Spain, was educated with the academy artist Alejo Vera. Since 1881, when he got a Second Class Medal in the National Exhibition of that year, his artistic life presents numerous ups and downs, due to his loss of prestige because of painting several oficial works. in 1889, durirlg his occasional stay in Murcia, the Province Coutlcil buyed one of his paintings: Retrato de la Reina Regente (Portrait of the Regent Queen). it is a hitherto unheard of piece, now preserved in the artistic fund of the Museum of Murcia Colleciion of Fine Arrs.
11B-1 Noninvasive Electromechanical Wave Imaging and Conduction Velocity Estimation In Vivo (2007)

Electromechanical imaging is a novel technique for the noninvasive mapping of electrical conduction waves in the left ventricle through the combination of ECG gating, high frame rate and RF-based displacement estimation techniques. In this paper, we identify and separate the electromechanical waves from the hemodynamically induced waves and determine the dependence of the wave direction and velocity at different pacing scenarios. In vivo imaging (30 MHz) was performed on anesthetized wildtype mice (n=12) at high frame rates (Vevo 770, Visualsonics, Inc.) in order to better explore the electromechanical coupling within the heart muscle. The acquisition was triggered on the mouse electrocardiogram (ECG) and yielded a high frame rate of 8000 fps. RF frames from long-axis views were digitized at 160 MHz. Axial, frame-to-frame displacements were estimated using 1D cross-correlation (window size of 240 microns, overlapping at 90%).Three pacing protocols were applied in each mouse: 1) sinus rhythm (SR) (natural pacing), 2) right-atrial (RA) pacing and 3) right-ventricular (RV) pacing. Pacing was achieved using a nine-electrode catheter and catheterization through the right side of the heart, with each separately activated for varying the pacing location. Throughout the entire cardiac cycle, several waves were shown on the electromechanical images that propagated transmurally and/or from base to apex (septum) or apex to base (posterior wall). Through comparison of the cine-loop images obtained at different pacing protocols, we were able to identify and separate the electrically induced, or contraction, wave from the hemodynamic (or, blood-wall coupling) waves. The contraction wave was best observed along the posterior wall starting at the S-wave of the ECG, which occurs after Purkinje and during myocardial activation. Only the contraction wave changed direction when the pacing origin changed, i.e., it propagated from apex to base at SR and RA pacing and from base to apex at RV pacing. This reversal in the wave propagation direction was found to be consistent in all mice scanned and the wave velocities were found to be within the reported conduction wave range with statistically significant differences between SR/RA pacing (0.8496 +/-0.2214 m/s and 0.8379 +/- 0.1967 m/s), respectively and RV pacing (0.5213 +/- 0.3125 m/s). This pacing study demonstrates that electromechanical imaging may constitute the sole noninvasive method for conduction mapping of the entire left ventricle and thus diagnosis and treatment of dyssynchrony, arrhythmia or other conduction abnormalities.
Development and deployment of a tiled full parallax light field display system (2016)

Ostendo’s Quantum Photonic Imager (QPI) is very small pixel pitch, emissive display with high brightness and low power consumption. We used QPI’s to create a high performance light field display tiles with a very small form factor. Using these light field display tiles various full parallax light field displays demonstrating small form factor, high resolution and focus cues were created. In this paper, we will explain the design choices that were made in creating the displays and their effects on the display performance. This paper details the system design approach including: hardware design, software design, compression methods and human factors.
Design, synthesis, and kinetic evaluation of a unique class of elastase inhibitors, the peptidyl .alpha.-ketobenzoxazoles, and the x-ray crystal structure of the covalent complex between porcine pancreatic elastase and Ac-Ala-Pro-Val-2-benzoxazole (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign, synthesis, and kinetic evaluation of a unique class of elastase inhibitors, the peptidyl .alpha.-ketobenzoxazoles, and the x-ray crystal structure of the covalent complex between porcine pancreatic elastase and Ac-Ala-Pro-Val-2-benzoxazolePhilip D. Edwards, Edgar F. Meyer Jr., J. Vijayalakshmi, Paul A. Tuthill, Donald A. Andisik, Bruce Gomes, and Anne StrimplerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5, 1854–1863Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00031a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00031a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views603Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Long-term generation and expansion of human primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro (1993)

Although sustained production of committed human hematopoietic progenitor cells in long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) is well documented, evidence for the generation and expansion of human primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (PHPC) in such cultures is lacking. For that purpose, we attempted to determine if the human high proliferative potential colony-forming cell (HPP-CFC), a primitive hematopoietic marrow progenitor cell, is capable of generation and expansion in vitro. To that effect, stromal cell-free LTBMC were initiated with CD34+ HLA-DR-CD15- rhodamine 123dull bone marrow cells and were maintained with repeated addition of c-kit ligand and a synthetic interleukin-3/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein. By day 21 of LTBMC, a greater than twofold increase in the number of assayable HPP-CFC was detected. Furthermore, the production of HPP-CFC in LTBMC continued for up to 4 weeks, resulting in a 5.5-fold increase in HPP-CFC numbers. Weekly phenotypic analyses of cells harvested from LTBMC showed that the number of CD34+ HLA-DR- cells increased from 10(4) on day 0 to 56 CD34+ HLA-DR- cells increased from 10(4) on day 0 to 56 x 10(4) by day 21. To examine further the nature of the in vitro HPP-CFC expansion, individual HPP- CFC colonies were serially cloned. Secondary cloning of individual, day 28 primary HPP-CFC indicated that 46% of these colonies formed an average of nine secondary colony-forming unit--granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)--derived colonies, whereas 43% of primary HPP-CFC gave rise to between one and six secondary HPP-CFC colonies and 6 to 26 CFU-GM. These data show that CD34+ HLA-DR- CD15- rhodamine 123dull cells represent a fraction of human bone marrow highly enriched for HPP-CFC and that based on their regeneration and proliferative capacities, a hierarchy of HPP-CFC exists. Furthermore, these studies indicate that in the presence of appropriate cytokine stimulation, it is possible to expand the number of PHPC in vitro.
Surface Modifications Created by Using Engineered Hydrophobins (2002)

Hydrophobins are small (ca. 100 amino acids) secreted fungal proteins that are characterized by the presence of eight conserved cysteine residues and by a typical hydropathy pattern. Class I hydrophobins self-assemble at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces into highly insoluble amphipathic membranes, thereby changing the nature of surfaces. Hydrophobic surfaces become hydrophilic, while hydrophilic surfaces become hydrophobic. To see whether surface properties of assembled hydrophobins can be changed, 25 N-terminal residues of the mature SC3 hydrophobin were deleted (TrSC3). In addition, the cell-binding domain of fibronectin (RGD) was fused to the N terminus of mature SC3 (RGD-SC3) and TrSC3 (RGD-TrSC3). Self-assembly and surface activity were not affected by these modifications. However, physiochemical properties at the hydrophilic side of the assembled hydrophobin did change. This was demonstrated by a change in wettability and by enhanced growth of fibroblasts on Teflon-coated with RGD-SC3, TrSC3, or RGD-TrSC3 compared to bare Teflon or Teflon coated with SC3. Thus, engineered hydrophobins can be used to functionalize surfaces.
Linkers in the structural biology of protein–protein interactions (2012)

Linkers or spacers are short amino acid sequences created in nature to separate multiple domains in a single protein. Most of them are rigid and function to prohibit unwanted interactions between the discrete domains. However, Gly-rich linkers are flexible, connecting various domains in a single protein without interfering with the function of each domain. The advent of recombinant DNA technology made it possible to fuse two interacting partners with the introduction of artificial linkers. Often, independent proteins may not exist as stable or structured proteins until they interact with their binding partner, following which they gain stability and the essential structural elements. Gly-rich linkers have been proven useful for these types of unstable interactions, particularly where the interaction is weak and transient, by creating a covalent link between the proteins to form a stable protein-protein complex. Gly-rich linkers are also employed to form stable covalently linked dimers, and to connect two independent domains that create a ligand-binding site or recognition sequence. The lengths of linkers vary from 2 to 31 amino acids, optimized for each condition so that the linker does not impose any constraints on the conformation or interactions of the linked partners. Various structures of covalently linked protein complexes have been described using X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and cryo-electron microscopy techniques. In this review, we evaluate several structural studies where linkers have been used to improve protein quality, to produce stable protein-protein complexes, and to obtain protein dimers.
Paramyxovirus Entry and Targeted Vectors for Cancer Therapy (2010)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Acteoside inhibits autophagic apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells to rescue glaucoma‐induced optic atrophy (2019)

In summary, we conclude that Acteoside inhibits autophagy-induced apoptosis in RGCs through the OPTN and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and glaucoma patients may benefit from Acteoside treatment alone or in combination with other autophagy inhibitors.
High-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy on a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition diamond growth facility (1996)

High-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy using a multi-element detector was performed on a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (MPACVD) diamond growth facility. The absolute methyl radical column density and the line-of-sight average of the gas temperature were measured as functions of position in the discharge with input methane concentration 0 - 1%. The average absolute methyl radical density was nearly independent of position in the discharge and varied in the range as the input mole fraction varied in the range 0 - 1%. The gas temperature was measured using emission spectroscopy and was found to be independent of position throughout the discharge. An upper bound of was placed on the CH density, which gives an upper bound of 0.008 on the hydrogen dissociation ratio .
The cysteine-rich protein gene family of Giardia lamblia: loss of the CRP170 gene in an antigenic variant. (1992)

Giardia lamblia trophozoites demonstrate variable expression of a repertoire of cysteine-rich surface antigens in vitro and in vivo. The size of the repertoire has been estimated at 20 to 184, and specific variants can be detected after approximately 12 generations of in vitro growth for the WB isolate. In earlier studies, we cloned a portion of the gene for a 170-kDa surface antigen (CRP170) and demonstrated by DNA sequencing that it was cysteine rich (12%) and contained 2.6 copies of a tandemly repeated 195-bp pair sequence. The clone hybridized to multiple bands on a Southern blot of G. lamblia DNA in a pattern that was variable among the cloned lines but did not correlate with expression of CRP170. We have now cloned a nearly full length cDNA as well as genomic clones for CRP170 from the WBA6 cloned isolate. In addition, we have isolated a cDNA clone from the WB1269 line (expressing CRP72), an antigenic variant which was derived from WBA6. Sequence analysis of the CRP170 and CRP72 genes revealed marked C-terminal amino acid homology, suggesting a conserved functional role such as membrane anchoring. The CRP170 repeat oligonucleotide hybridized to a stairstep of bands approximately 6 kb in size on HindIII-digested WBA6 DNA representing the expressed copy(ies) of CRP170. In contrast, there was no hybridization to a fragment of similar size in WB1269, suggesting that WB1269 trophozoites have lost the expressed copy of the CRP170 gene.
Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha enhances growth factor-stimulated phosphatidylcholine metabolism and increases cAMP levels in the human growth factor-dependent cell line M07e, events associated with growth suppression. (1995)

The immunoregulatory C-C chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) has suppressive activity on proliferation of stem cells and early subsets of myeloid progenitor cells. A receptor for C-C chemokines that binds MIP-1 alpha has been characterized, cloned, and shown to be related structurally to neuropeptide receptors that couple through G-proteins to phospholipase-C and adenyl cyclase. Yet, very little information on the intracellular mechanisms of action of MIP-1 alpha is available. We show here that the human factor-dependent cell line M07e is responsive to the cell cycle-suppressive effects of MIP-1 alpha, has specific membrane-binding sites for MIP-1 alpha, and that treatment of these cells with this chemokine increases the phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphocholine turnover rates in cells that are synergistically stimulated by the combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and steel factor but not these factors acting singly. Additional, MIP-1 alpha treatment induces a dose- and time-dependent increase in intracellular cAMP levels in M07e cells. Both exogenous PC and dibutyryl cAMP were found to suppress the proliferation of M07e colony-forming cells to a level similar to that of MIP-1 alpha, further implicating cAMP and PC metabolism in MIP-1 alpha-induced M07e suppression. RANTES, a related chemokine, with weak or incomplete binding to the cloned MIP-1 alpha receptor, did not suppress M07e colony-forming cells, nor did it increase intracellular cAMP levels, but it did enhance growth factor-induced PC turnover, further supporting the involvement of cAMP in MIP-1 alpha suppression while demonstrating that increased PC turnover alone is not sufficient for suppression. These findings support the idea that the human MIP-1 alpha receptor is coupled to phospholipid and cAMP metabolism in a manner similar to other 7-transmembrane, G-protein-linked receptors and suggest that a phosphatidylcholine hydrolytic cycle and an associated increase in cAMP are part of the mechanisms of action of MIP-1 alpha.
Triciribine (TCN), A Novel Tricyclic Adenosine Analog with Anticancer Activity (1987)

Abstract Triciribine shows promise as an antitumor drug and is currently in clinical trials. In L1210 cells in vitro, triciribine lethality is associated with inhibition of DNA synthesis, a G1(-S) cell progression block and slowing of progression of cells through s phase.
Flexible energy storage devices based on nanocomposite paper (2007)

There is strong recent interest in ultrathin, flexible, safe energy storage devices to meet the various design and power needs of modern gadgets. To build such fully flexible and robust electrochemical devices, multiple components with specific electrochemical and interfacial properties need to be integrated into single units. Here we show that these basic components, the electrode, separator, and electrolyte, can all be integrated into single contiguous nanocomposite units that can serve as building blocks for a variety of thin mechanically flexible energy storage devices. Nanoporous cellulose paper embedded with aligned carbon nanotube electrode and electrolyte constitutes the basic unit. The units are used to build various flexible supercapacitor, battery, hybrid, and dual-storage battery-in-supercapacitor devices. The thin freestanding nanocomposite paper devices offer complete mechanical flexibility during operation. The supercapacitors operate with electrolytes including aqueous solvents, room temperature ionic liquids, and bioelectrolytes and over record temperature ranges. These easy-to-assemble integrated nanocomposite energy-storage systems could provide unprecedented design ingenuity for a variety of devices operating over a wide range of temperature and environmental conditions.
Attitudes Toward and Frequency of Partner Interactions Among Women Reporting Decreased Sexual Desire (2009)

Clinicians need to be aware that women suffering from characteristics of hypoactive sexual desire disorder have more negative patterns of partner interactions.