gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instruction scheduling for the Motorola 88110 (1993)

Static instruction scheduling is an important optimization to exploit instruction level parallelism. If the scheduler has to consider resource constraints to prevent structural hazards, usually the processor timing is simulated by overlaying binary matrices representing the resource usage of instructions. This technique is rather time consuming. It is shown that the timing can be simulated by a deterministic finite automaton and the matrix operations for a simulation step are replaced by two table lookups. A prototype implementation shows that about an eighteenfold speedup of the simulation can be expected. This performance gain can be used either to speed up existing scheduling algorithms or to use more complex algorithms to improve scheduling results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Deubiquitinating Enzyme BAP1 Regulates Cell Growth via Interaction with HCF-1 (2009)

The deubiquitinating enzyme BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) possesses growth inhibitory activity and functions as a tumor suppressor. In this study we report that BAP1 also plays positive roles in cell proliferation. BAP1 depletion by RNAi inhibits cell proliferation as does overexpression of a dominant negative mutant of BAP1. Mass spectrometry analyses of copurified proteins revealed that BAP1 is associated with factors involved in chromatin modulation and transcriptional regulation. We show that the interaction with host cell factor-1 (HCF-1), a cell-cycle regulator composed of HCF-1N and HCF-1C, is critical for the BAP1-mediated growth regulation. We found that HCF-1N is modified with Lys-48-linked polyubiquitin chains on its Kelch domain. The HCF-1 binding motif of BAP1 is required for interaction with HCF-1N and mediates deubiquitination of HCF-1N by BAP1. The importance of the BAP1-HCF-1 interaction is underscored by the fact that growth suppression by the dominant negative BAP1 mutant is entirely dependent on the HCF-1 binding motif. These results suggest that BAP1 regulates cell proliferation by deubiquitinating HCF-1.
Micellization and Thermogelation of Poly(ether urethane)s Comprising Poly(ethylene glycol) and Poly(propylene glycol) (2010)

Abstract A series of multiblock poly(ether urethane)s comprising poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) segments were synthesized. Their aqueous solutions exhibited thermogelling behavior at critical gelation concentrations (CGC) ranging from 8 to 12 wt%. The composition and structural information of the copolymers were studied by GPC and 1 H NMR. The critical micellization concentration (CMC) and thermodynamic parameters for micelle formation were determined at different temperatures. The temperature response of the copolymer solutions were studied and found to be associated with the composition of the copolymers.
Characterization of Temperate Actinophage φC31 Isolated from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (1972)

Actinophage phiC31 isolated from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), the only strain among actinomycetes for which a genetic map had been constructed, appears to be a typical temperate phage. After phiC31 infection, true lysogenic cultures arose which liberated phage and were immune to infection with homologous phage after repeated single-colony isolations and treatment with phage-specific antiserum. Clear-plaque (c) mutants were derived from phiC31 phage which failed to lysogenize sensitive cultures. Actinophage phiC31 has a temperature-sensitive stage of reproduction. A phage which reproduces with the same effectiveness at high (37 C) and low (28 C) temperatures has also been obtained. Heat-inducible (ct) mutants were isolated from this phage which were able to lysogenize sensitive cultures at 28 C but failed to do so at 37 C. Properties of ct mutants suggest that ct mutations involve a gene controlling maintenance of the lysogenic state in actinomycetes and synthesizing repressor, which may become heat-sensitive as a result of mutation.
Serotonin precursors in the treatment of depression. (1982)

5-HT precursors are used in depressions on the basis of the 5-HT hypothesis - an hypothesis which postulates that a cerebral 5-HT deficiency can play a role in the pathogenesis of depressions. This article presents a survey of the results obtained by this therapeutic strategy. There are strong indications that 5-HTP is of therapeutic value, particularly in the 5-HT-deficient subgroup of vital depressions. In the same subgroup, one controlled study has so far also shown a prophylatic 5-HTP effect. The effect of clomipramine is potentiated by 1-5-HTP, and this combination can give good results in therapy-resistant vital depressions. Other tricyclic compounds have not been studied in this context, nor have selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors. The results of tryptophan studies are less unequivocal, possibly due to pharmacokinetic factors. Another possible explanation might be that, unlike 5-HTP research, tryptophan studies have so far disregarded the patient's serotonergic status. 5-HT research in depressions has also yielded the concept of the biochemical classifiability of depressions. This may become an important supplement to the conventional criteria of classification of depressions: symptomatology, etiology, and course.
Petroleum refinery engineering (1958)

Petroleum refinery engineering , Petroleum refinery engineering , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
Fusion Bonding/Welding of Thermoplastic Composites (2004)

Joining of thermoplastic composites is an important step in the manufacturing of aerospace thermoplastic composite structures. Therefore, several joining methods for thermoplastic composite components have been under investigation and development. In general, joining of thermoplastic composites can be categorized into mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, solvent bonding, co-consolidation, and fusion bonding or welding. Fusion bonding or welding has great potential for the joining, assembly, and repair of thermoplastic composite components and also offers many advantages over other joining techniques. The process of fusion-bonding involves heating and melting the polymer on the bond surfaces of the components and then pressing these surfaces together for polymer solidification and consolidation. The focus of this paper is to review the different fusion-bonding methods for thermoplastic composite components and present recent developments in this area. The various welding techniques and the corresponding manufacturing methodologies, the required equipment, the effects of processing parameters on weld performance and quality, the advantages/disadvantages of each technique, and the applications are described.
Retrospective Evaluation of the Safety and Effect of Adalimumab Therapy (RESEAT) in Pediatric Crohnʼs Disease (2009)

Adalimumab was a well-tolerated and effective rescue therapy for moderate-to-severe pediatric CD patients previously treated with infliximab. Adalimumab demonstrated a steroid-sparing effect, and >70% of patients achieved rapid response that was sustained through 12 months.
Gut/brain axis and the microbiota (2015)

Tremendous progress has been made in characterizing the bidirectional interactions between the central nervous system, the enteric nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract. A series of provocative preclinical studies have suggested a prominent role for the gut microbiota in these gut-brain interactions. Based on studies using rodents raised in a germ-free environment, the gut microbiota appears to influence the development of emotional behavior, stress- and pain-modulation systems, and brain neurotransmitter systems. Additionally, microbiota perturbations by probiotics and antibiotics exert modulatory effects on some of these measures in adult animals. Current evidence suggests that multiple mechanisms, including endocrine and neurocrine pathways, may be involved in gut microbiota-to-brain signaling and that the brain can in turn alter microbial composition and behavior via the autonomic nervous system. Limited information is available on how these findings may translate to healthy humans or to disease states involving the brain or the gut/brain axis. Future research needs to focus on confirming that the rodent findings are translatable to human physiology and to diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, autism, anxiety, depression, and Parkinson's disease.
Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a critical review (1999)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease with unknown pathogenesis. It is a relatively common disorder of adults (2-4 per 100,000 incidence) and leads to death from respiratory failure. There is no cure at this time, and available treatment and management can at best extend survival to a modest degree. Increasing our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease is essential to the development of more effective treatments. The level of research interest is very high, and yearly reviews of the literature are helpful in assessing progress.
Response of human platelets to activating monoclonal antibodies: importance of Fc gamma RII (CD32) phenotype and level of expression (1992)

Certain monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for platelet membrane glycoproteins are known to be capable of activating platelets, and it is generally thought that platelets from normal subjects are equally susceptible to stimulation by such MoAbs. We found that platelets from 20 normal donors varied significantly in their sensitivity to three IgG1 murine MoAbs specific for membrane glycoproteins CD9, GPIV (CD36), and the GPIIb/IIIa complex (CD41), respectively. The response of platelets to these MoAbs was blocked by prior addition of MoAb IV.3 specific for the Fc gamma RII receptor, indicating that activation was Fc receptor mediated. Platelets that responded poorly to these MoAbs failed to bind the MoAb 41H.16, specific for the “responder” form of Fc gamma RII, but platelets that responded well reacted with this MoAb. The average number of Fc gamma RII receptors on platelets from “responders” and “non-responders” was approximately the same. However, the number of Fc gamma RII receptors expressed influenced sensitivity of a subgroup of “responder” platelets to the anti-CD41 MoAb. These platelets were judged on the basis of MoAb binding studies to be heterozygous for the two alleles of Fc gamma RIIA. In contrast to their varying sensitivity to IgG1 MoAbs, members of the platelet panel responded equally well to 50H.19, an IgG2a MoAb specific for CD9, and these responses could not be blocked by MoAb IV.3 in the presence of plasma. This appears to be because of dual actions of 50H.19 on platelets: one FcR-dependent and the other complement-dependent. Our findings confirm previous reports that certain IgG1 MoAbs activate platelets through binding of their Fc domains to Fc gamma RII receptors and demonstrate that this response is influenced both by Fc gamma RII phenotype and (in the case of the anti-CD41 MoAb) by the number of Fc gamma RII receptors expressed. The failure of nonresponding platelets to bind detectable amounts of MoAb 41H.16, which is thought to recognize all Fc gamma RII receptors except for one allele of the Fc gamma RIIA gene, is consistent with the possibility that Fc gamma RIIA gene products, but not Fc gamma RIIB or Fc gamma RIIC gene products, are expressed on platelets.
Digital Switching--How It Has Developed (1979)

Digital techniques are discrete techniques and they have been applied to automatic telephony since its invention. The technology for the extensive application of digital switching and marriage to similar transmission techniques and services dependent thereon are emerging as economically viable. A clearer understanding of the principles of digital switching is now perceived. Definitions are given to such elusive terms as digital switching, multiplexing, buffering, time and space stages, time shims, time slot interchange and BORSCHT. At this stage in the development of digital switching, as we are about to take the last steps to achieve integrated end-to-end digital networks, it is appropriate to pause and review the milestones that have illuminated the way. Like this entire issue, this article serves as a reference to the state-of-the-art and how we got here.
Enrichment and functional characterization of Sca-1+WGA+, Lin-WGA+, Lin- Sca-1+, and Lin-Sca-1+WGA+ bone marrow cells from mice with an Ly-6a haplotype (1993)

Approximately 4% to 5% of all bone marrow (BM) cells and 8% to 9% of low density BM cells from FVB/N and BALB/c mice (Ly-6a haplotype) show high to intermediate expression of Ly-6E.1 antigen, recognized by the Sca-1 antibody. Functional properties of enriched cells expressing Ly- 6E.1-allelic form of Sca-1 antigen were analyzed and correlated with the properties of cells expressing the carbohydrate binding sites for the lectin wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA). Using equilibrium density centrifugation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Sca-1+WGA+, Lin- WGA+, Lin-Sca-1+, and Lin-Sca-1+WGA+ cells were isolated and their splenic colony-forming unit (CFU-S) cell content, radioprotection ability, and long-term reconstitution capacity determined. Enriched Sca- 1+WGA+, Lin-WGA+, Lin-Sca-1+ and Lin-Sca-1+WGA+ cells gave rise to 1 CFU-S12 cell out of 26, 20, 21, and 15 sorted cells, respectively. When transplanted into lethally irradiated recipients (100 to 500 cells/mouse) all populations rescued 70% to 100% of recipients in a 30- day radioprotection assay and mediated survival of 40% to 80% of recipients 6 months after transplantation. Using transgenic mice as cell donors we have shown that 12 to 16 weeks after transplantation of 100 Sca-1+WGA+, Lin-WGA+, Lin-Sca-1+, and Lin-Sca-1+WGA+ cells, 40% to 80% of recipients had donor cells in BM, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. These results indicate that the population of cells expressing Ly-6E.1 form of Sca-1 antigen in two analyzed mouse strains with Ly-6a haplotype contains CFU-S and long-term repopulating cells. Furthermore, the data suggest that, at least in FVB/N mice, day-12 CFU-S cells and cells with long-term repopulating capacity simultaneously express Ly- 6E.1 form of Sca-1 antigen and WGA-binding molecules.
Cytokine Therapy (2005)

Cytokines are a unique class of intercellular regulatory proteins that play a crucial role in initiating, maintaining, and regulating immunologic homeostatic and inflammatory processes. Indeed, measurement of cytokine profiles in patients provides a useful indication of disease status. Due to their multiple functions, including regulatory and effector cellular function in many diseases, these molecules, their receptors, and their signal transduction pathways are promising candidates for therapeutic interference. The therapeutic administration of cytokines, modulation of cytokine action, or at times gene therapy is being used for a wide range of infectious and autoimmune diseases, in immunocompromised patients with AIDS, and in neoplasia.
Photoacoustic microscopy (2013)

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is a hybrid <i>in vivo</i> imaging technique that acoustically detects optical contrast via the photoacoustic effect. Unlike pure optical microscopic techniques, PAM takes advantage of the weak acoustic scattering in tissue and thus breaks through the optical diffusion limit (~1 mm in soft tissue). With its excellent scalability, PAM can provide high-resolution images at desired maximum imaging depths up to a few millimeters. Compared with backscattering-based confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography, PAM provides absorption contrast instead of scattering contrast. Furthermore, PAM can image more molecules, endogenous or exogenous, at their absorbing wavelengths than fluorescence-based methods, such as wide-field, confocal, and multi-photon microscopy. Most importantly, PAM can simultaneously image anatomical, functional, molecular, flow dynamic and metabolic contrasts <i>in vivo</i>. Focusing on state-of-the-art developments in PAM, this Review discusses the key features of PAM implementations and their applications in biomedical studies.
The 2011 family violence amendments: what difference will they make? (2012)

The dust has finally settled. Long after all the inquiries have been held, the submissions written, and the debates had, the Government has finally settled on its amendments to the Family Law Act to address issues of family violence, and has ensured the Bill's passage through Parliament. The family violence amendments contained in the Family Law Legislation Amendment (Family Violence and Other Measures) Act 2011 will come into effect on 7 June 2012. The major amendments in relation to family violence only apply to matters commencing on or after that date. However, there are other provisions of the legislation that commence on other dates, and/ or apply to proceedings already under way at the time of commencement.
Mapping of the active site of glutamate carboxypeptidase II by site‐directed mutagenesis (2007)

Human glutamate carboxypeptidase II [GCPII (EC 3.4.17.21)] is recognized as a promising pharmacological target for the treatment and imaging of various pathologies, including neurological disorders and prostate cancer. Recently reported crystal structures of GCPII provide structural insight into the organization of the substrate binding cavity and highlight residues implicated in substrate/inhibitor binding in the S1' site of the enzyme. To complement and extend the structural studies, we constructed a model of GCPII in complex with its substrate, N-acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate, which enabled us to predict additional amino acid residues interacting with the bound substrate, and used site-directed mutagenesis to assess the contribution of individual residues for substrate/inhibitor binding and enzymatic activity of GCPII. We prepared and characterized 12 GCPII mutants targeting the amino acids in the vicinity of substrate/inhibitor binding pockets. The experimental results, together with the molecular modeling, suggest that the amino acid residues delineating the S1' pocket of the enzyme (namely Arg210) contribute primarily to the high affinity binding of GCPII substrates/inhibitors, whereas the residues forming the S1 pocket might be more important for the 'fine-tuning' of GCPII substrate specificity.
Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells are primed early after cord blood transplant but fail to control virus in vivo (2013)

A disadvantage of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is the delay in immune reconstitution, placing patients at increased risk for infections after transplant. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in particular has been shown to cause significant morbidity in patients undergoing UCBT. Here, we comprehensively evaluate the development of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses to CMV in a cohort of patients that underwent double UCBT. Our findings demonstrate conclusively that a diverse polyclonal CMV-specific T-cell response derived from the UCB graft is primed to viral antigens as early as day 42 after UCBT, but these T cells fail to achieve sufficient numbers in vivo to control CMV reactivations. This is not due to an inherent inability of UCB-derived T cells to proliferate, as these T cells underwent rapid proliferation in vitro. The TCR diversity and antigen specificity of CMV-specific T cells remained remarkably stable in the first year after transplant, suggesting that later control of virus replication results from improved function of T cells primed early after transplant and not from de novo responses derived from later thymic emigrants. Ex vivo expansion and adoptive transfer of CMV-specific T cells isolated from UCBT recipients early after transplant could augment immunity to CMV.
Diffraction Imaging in Subsalt Geometries and a New Look at the Scope of Reflectivity (2009)

Conventional reflection seismic processing and imaging is based on specular reflections. The kinematics of specular reflections is strongly dependent on subsurface reflector geometry (dip and curvature). Salt dome geometries are usually characterized by very steep dips, flanks and overhanging bodies. Investigation shows that the assumption of specular reflection and a limited data acquisition can have a negative impact on image resolution. In such cases diffraction imaging proves to be a valuable alternative.
Chain Stiffness of Elastin-Like Polypeptides (2010)

The hydrodynamic radii of a series of genetically engineered monodisperse elastin like polypeptides (ELP) was determined by dynamic light scattering in aqueous solution as function of molar mass. Utilizing the known theoretical expression for the hydrodynamic radius of wormlike chains, the Kuhn statistical segment length was determined to be l(k) = 2.1 nm, assuming that the length of the peptide repeat unit was b = 0.365 nm, a value derived for a coiled conformation of ELP. The resulting chain stiffness is significantly larger than previously reported by force-distance curve analysis (l(k) < 0.4 nm). The possible occurrence of superstructures, such as hairpins or helices, would reduce the contour length of the ELP, further increasing l(k). Accordingly, the value l(k) = 2.1 nm reported here represents a lower limit of the chain stiffness for ELP.
Characterization and Corrosion Behavior of Biodegradable Mg-Ca and Mg-Ca-Zn Implant Alloys (2011)

In the present study binary Mg-xCa (x=0.5 and 1.25wt.%) and ternary Mg-1Ca-xZn (x=0.5 and 1.5wt.%) alloys are produced by casting the molten metal in a metal die at a temperature of 740°C. The microstructure analysis of the Mg-Ca and Mg-Ca-Zn alloys were studied by OM, SEM and EDX. The corrosion behavior of alloys was evaluated via potentiodynamic polarization test in Kokubo solution. The result exhibited that the grain size decrease with rising Ca content in Mg-Ca alloys and degree of grain size reduction further decreased by adding Zn to Mg-1Ca-Zn alloys. The microstructure of Mg-Ca alloys were constituted of primary Mg and lamellar eutectic (α-Mg+Mg2Ca) phase, Whilst Mg–1Ca-Zn alloys were composed of primary Mg and eutectic (α-Mg+Mg2Ca+Ca2Mg6Zn3) phases. In addition with increasing Ca and Zn the amount of Mg2Ca and Ca2Mg6Zn3 increased respectively in grain boundaries. Electrochemical test shows that the addition of Zn leads to improve corrosion resistance of the Mg–1Ca-Zn alloys as a result of the formation of Ca2Mg6Zn3 phase, whilst the addition of more than 0.5 wt% Ca to Mg-Ca alloys result in decrease corrosion resistance due to the formation Mg2Ca.
Nitroxyl radicals as low toxic spin-labels for non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging of blood–brain barrier permeability for conventional therapeutics (2008)

The present study describes a novel non-radioactive methodology for in vivo non-invasive, real-time imaging of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability for conventional drugs, using nitroxyl radicals as spin-labels and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).