gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Barley sex6 mutants lack starch synthase IIa activity and contain a starch with novel properties (2003)

Analysis of barley shrunken grain mutants has identified lines with a novel high amylose starch phenotype. The causal mutation is located at the sex6 locus on chromosome 7H, suggesting the starch synthase IIa (ssIIa) gene as a candidate gene altered by the mutation. Consistent with this hypothesis, no evidence of SSIIa protein expression in either the starch granule or soluble fractions of the endosperm was found. Sequences of the starch synthase IIa gene, ssIIa, from three independent sex6 lines showed the presence of a stop codon preventing translation of the ssIIa transcript in each line. Perfect segregation of the starch phenotype with the presence of stop codons in the ssIIa gene was obtained, providing strong evidence for the lesion in the ssIIa gene being the causal mutation for the sex6 phenotype. The loss of SSIIa activity in barley leads to novel and informative phenotypes. First, a decrease in amylopectin synthesis to less than 20% of the wild-type levels indicates that SSIIa accounts for the majority of the amylopectin polymer elongation activity in barley. Secondly, in contrast to high amylose starches resulting from branching enzyme downregulation, the sex6 starches have a shortened amylopectin chain length distribution and a reduced gelatinisation temperature. Thirdly, the mutation leads to pleiotropic effects on other enzymes of the starch biosynthesis pathway, abolishing the binding of SSI, branching enzyme IIa and branching enzyme IIb to the starch granules of sex6 mutants, while not significantly altering their expression levels in the soluble fraction.
Analysis of Scientific Workflow Provenance Access Control Policies (2012)

Provenance has become an important concept for services computing in general, and for scientific workflows in particular. Provenance often contains confidential data and dependencies whose access needs to be protected. Provenance access control policies control who can access which provenance information. Correct specification of provenance access control policies is critical to ensure system security. However, due to the sheer size of provenance, it is often difficult to comprehend the full effects of an access control policy by manual inspection alone due to complex multi-step dependencies and their interactions. In this paper, we present automated analysis algorithms and complexity results for three provenance analysis problems. We have also developed incremental strategies for these algorithms for evolving provenance and access control policies.
Expression and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Using the Baculovirus System (2004)

This article describes how to analyze protein expression in cells infected with recombinant baculovirus on a small scale for optimizing protein production, how to maximize and scale up recombinant protein production, and how to purify recombinant proteins. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Critical Role of Surfactants in the Growth of Cobalt Nanoparticles (2009)

We report a combined experimental and computational study on the critical role of surfactants in the nucleation and growth of Co nanoparticles synthesized by chemical routes. By varying the surfactant species, Co nanoparticles of different morphologies under similar reaction conditions (e.g., temperature and Co-precursor concentration) were produced. Depending on the surfactant species, the growth of Co nanoparticles followed three different growth pathways. For example, with surfactants oleic acid (OA) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) used in combination, Co nanoparticles followed a diffusional growth pathway, leading to single crystalline nanoparticles. Multiple-grained nanoparticles, through an aggregation process, were formed with the combination of surfactants OA and dioctylamine (DOA). Further, an Ostwald ripening process was observed in the case of TOPO alone. Complementary electronic structure calculations were used to predict the optimized Co-surfactant complex structures and to quantify the binding energy between the surfactants (ligands) and the Co atoms. These calculations were further applied to predict the Co nanoparticle nucleation and growth processes based on the stability of Co-surfactant complexes.
The Welcome Address of Mr. Živorad KovǍcević (1986)

Member of the Federal Executive Council and President of the Organizing Committee of the Conference
Intracellular uptake and catabolism of anti‐IgM antibodies and BI‐specific antibody‐targeted hapten by B‐lymphoma cells (1995)

The efficiency of radioimmunotherapy with iodine-labelled antibodies is often limited by intracellular internalisation and catabolism after initial binding to the cellular targets. We have developed a technique called affinity enhancement system (AES) which uses bi-specific antibodies to target radiolabelled bivalent haptens to cells. This targeting method has been applied successfully to tumour imaging in colorectal cancer patients and is now considered for therapy. We have investigated the potential of this technique to target iodine radioisotopes by comparing it to targeting with covalently iodine-labelled antibodies in a rapidly internalising antigenic system, the surface IgM of a B-lymphoma cell line. A 5-fold increase in the intracellular retention time of activity as compared to 125I-labelled F(ab')2 or IgG was observed. The radiolabelled hapten did not undergo any catabolism after internalisation. Resistance to cellular proteases and failure of recognition of the hapten by amino acid transporter systems may be potential explanations for these observations. This should make non-covalent targeting, particularly the AES, a method of choice to target modulating antigens for the therapy of malignant hemopathies.
Molecular biology of the cardiovascular system : proceedings of a Cetus-Upjohn UCLA Symposium held at Keystone, Colorado, April 10-17, 1989 (1990)

Molecular Biology: The New Frontier for the Cardiologist Cardiac Muscle and Myogenesis Hypertrophy and Hyperolasia Growth Factors and Growth Factor-Inducible Genes Thrombosis and Thrombolysis Endothelial Cell Interactions Ion Channels Contractility Development Extracellular Matrix and Embryogenesis.
Characterization of a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the activity of prostaglandin E2 (1995)

We describe the generation of an IgG1 mAb, 2B5, that neutralizes the biologic activity of PGE2 in vitro and in vivo. The Ab was derived from a BALB/c mouse that was immunized with a PGE2-thyroglobulin conjugate. 2B5 is one of the highest affinity and specific anti-PGE2 mAbs reported to date. The Kd for PGE2 was approximately 300 pM and crossreactivity toward eicosanoids other than PGE1 was less than 1%. The addition of 2B5 to [3H]PGE2 blocked the binding of radioligand to cell membranes transfected with the murine EP3 prostaglandin receptor. In functional studies, 2B5 neutralized the capacity of PGE2 to suppress T cell proliferation induced by a mitogenic anti-CD3 Ab in vitro. In contrast, immunosuppression by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, isobutylmethylxanthine was not affected. In an in vivo model of nociception, 2B5 substantially reduced the dorsoflexion response of mice to phenylbenzoquinone. This response is associated with prostaglandin production and is blocked by inhibitors of prostanoid synthesis. Our findings demonstrate that this nociceptive response is largely due to PGE2. In the absence of antagonists that prevent PGE2 from activating a diverse family of receptor subtypes, neutralizing Abs to PGE2 should represent useful reagents to delineate the biologic properties of this eicosanoid in vivo.
Use of a new protecting group in an attempted synthesis of cyclopropyldihydroxyphenylalanine (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of a new protecting group in an attempted synthesis of cyclopropyldihydroxyphenylalanineMamoru Suzuki, Shiv Kumar, and Charles H. StammerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 24, 4769–4771Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00172a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00172a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
General Synthesis of Di-μ-oxo Dimanganese Complexes as Functional Models for the Oxygen Evolving Complex of Photosystem II (2005)

A series of complexes with the formula [Mn(III/IV)2(mu-O)2(L)2(X)2]3+ have been prepared in situ from Mn(II)LCl2 precursors by a general preparative method (L = terpy, Cl-terpy, Br-terpy, Ph-terpy, tolyl-terpy, mesityl-terpy, t Bu3-terpy, EtO-terpy, py-phen, dpya, Me2N-terpy, or HO-terpy, and X = a labile ligand such as water, chloride, or sulfate). The parent complex, where L = terpy and X = water, is a functional model for the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II (Limburg, et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 423-430). Crystals of Mn(II)(dpya)Cl2, Mn(II)(Ph-terpy)Cl2, Mn(II)(mesityl-terpy)Cl2, and an organic-soluble di-mu-oxo di-aqua dimanganese complex, [Mn(III/)(IV)2(mu-O)2(mesityl-terpy)2(OH2)2](NO3)3, were obtained and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Solutions of the in situ-formed di-mu-oxo dimanganese complexes were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry, EPR spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy, and the rates of catalytic oxygen-evolving activity were assayed. The use of Mn(II)LCl2 precursors leads to higher product purity of the Mn dimers while achieving the 1:1 ligand to Mn stoichiometry appropriate for catalytic activity assay. These methods can be used to screen the catalytic activity of other di-mu-oxo dimanganese complexes generated by using a ligand library.
Capecitabine inhibits postoperative recurrence and metastasis after liver cancer resection in nude mice with relation to the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. (2003)

Capecitabine inhibits tumor growth and metastatic recurrence after resection of HCC in highly metastatic nude mice model. The effect of capecitabine may be attributed to the high expression of PD-ECGF in tumors.
High-voltage silicon thin film transistor on quartz (1982)

A high voltage enhancement-type thin film transistor (TFT) has been fabricated on quartz in layers of laser-recrystallized polysilicon. The fabrication details and TFT characteristics are described.
137. pFex: A Novel Fiber Exchange System for the Creation of Modified-Fiber Gene Therapy Vectors (2004)

The application of conditionally replicating adenoviruses to cancer gene therapy has shown much promise. However, it has become apparent that these vectors must be more specifically re-targeted to increase therapeutic effect. Although the number of re-targeted vectors is growing, the total number is small, mostly due to cloning difficulties associated with the large viral genome. Here, we have developed a unidirectional shuttle exchange system, called pFex, where one can easily transfer modified fiber genes from a smaller shuttle vector directly into the fiber portion of the Adenovirus genome. The adenoviral acceptor vector, termed pFex, was derived from the AdEasy1 vector where the entire fiber gene has been replaced by the sucrose lethal gene, SacB, and two flanking non-compatible half-mutant lox sites. Several smaller shuttle vectors contain the modified fiber gene, which is also flanked by two non-compatible half mutant lox sites. In the presence of Cre recombinase, the modified fiber gene is shuttled into pFex, replacing SacB. The resulting lox sites are fully mutated and no longer recognized by Cre recombinase, producing a unidirectional exchange. The combination of several selection markers allows one to exchange fiber either before or after the traditional RecA mediated E1 region recombination. The pFex system is highly efficient and has been used to produce eight recombinant viral vectors in less than two weeks. This exchange system should dramatically increase the output of re-targeting adenoviral vectors.
Contribution of HLA Class I Allele Expression to CD8+ T‐Cell Responses against Epstein–Barr Virus (2002)

Most immune responses to viral infections involve CD8+ T cells recognizing viral peptides of typically 9-10 amino acids in the groove of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. Importantly, CD8+ T-cell responses appear to focus on few viral epitopes, a phenomenon termed immunodominance. While the understanding of this phenomenon has been based largely on experimental mice models, it is imperative to evaluate its contribution in humans, as the design of peptide-based vaccines may be influenced by immunodomination. Here, we present evidence that immunodominance can be detected among Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) epitopes associated with two of the most frequent class I alleles in Western Europe, human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and HLA-B7. CD8+ T-cell responses to HLA-A2-associated EBV epitopes were significantly reduced in individuals coexpressing HLA-B7. The impairment of HLA-A2-associated responses correlated with a dominant response to an HLA-B7 epitope. The data demonstrate a hierarchy in the human cellular immune response to immunodominant EBV epitopes presented by separate HLA class I alleles. This may have implications for EBV vaccine development as well as for the interpretation of isolated analysis of immunodominant responses to EBV.
A Protease‐Based Strategy for the Controlled Release of Therapeutic Peptides (2010)

Ein Polypeptid bestehend aus einer Albumin-bindenden Domäne (ABD), einer Aminosäurekette und dem Glucagon-artigen Peptid-1 (GLP-1), einem potenziellen Antidiabetikum, wurde so entworfen, dass es langsam GLP-1 freisetzt, indem es durch native Plasmaproteasen schrittweise gespalten wird (siehe Bild). Durch die Anbindung an humanes Serumalbumin (HSA) wird die Halbwertszeit des Polypeptids im Blut verlängert. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Domain mapping of the human cytomegalovirus IE1-72 and cellular p107 protein-protein interaction and the possible functional consequences. (1999)

Our previous work demonstrated that following human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection of fibroblasts, there was a protein-protein interaction between the HCMV IE1-72 immediate-early (IE) protein and the cellular p107 protein which resulted in the alleviation of p107-mediated transcriptional repression of E2F-responsive promoters. In a further characterization of this interaction, we now show that IE1-72 binds to the N-terminal portion of p107, not the C-terminal 'pocket' region that binds E2F-4, and where a number of other viral gene products bind. Additionally, we show that exons 2 and 3 of IE1-72 are required for binding to p107. After mapping the binding domains, we next wanted to address the additional functional consequences of this interaction. It is well known that p107 can negatively regulate cell growth. To examine whether IE1-72 can also overcome this growth suppression, we transfected and infected or cotransfected various constructs into SAOS-2 cells. We showed that infection of SAOS-2 cells was capable of alleviating p107-mediated growth suppression. Additionally, we showed that IE1-72 alone is capable of overcoming p107-mediated growth arrest. Alleviation of this repression by IE1-72 is dependent on the protein-protein interaction between p107 and IE1-72 as deletion mutants of either protein which lack the identified binding domains fail to achieve this effect. These data indicate that the IE1-72 protein is capable of overcoming p107-mediated blocks in cellular proliferation, events that occur in both productive and non-productive HCMV infections.
C-terminal truncation of RAP1 results in the deregulation of telomere size, stability, and function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1992)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA-binding protein RAP1 is capable of binding in vitro to sequences from a wide variety of genomic loci, including upstream activating sequence elements, the HML and HMR silencer regions, and the poly(G1-3T) tracts of telomeres. Recent biochemical and genetic studies have suggested that RAP1 physically and functionally interacts with the yeast telomere. To further investigate the role of RAP1 at the telomere, we have identified and characterized three intragenic suppressors of a temperature-sensitive allele of RAP1, rap1-5. These telomere deficiency (rap1t) alleles confer several novel phenotypes. First, telomere tract size elongates to up to 4 kb greater than sizes of wild-type or rap1-5 telomeres. Second, telomeres are highly unstable and are subject to rapid, but reversible, deletion of part or all of the increase in telomeric tract length. Telomeric deletion does not require the RAD52 or RAD1 gene product. Third, chromosome loss and nondisjunction rates are elevated 15- to 30-fold above wild-type levels. Sequencing analysis has shown that each rap1t allele contains a nonsense mutation within a discrete region between amino acids 663 and 684. Mobility shift and Western immunoblot analyses indicate that each allele produces a truncated RAP1 protein, lacking the C-terminal 144 to 165 amino acids but capable of efficient DNA binding. These data suggest that RAP1 is a central regulator of both telomere and chromosome stability and define a C-terminal domain that, while dispensable for viability, is required for these telomeric functions.
The Choice of Time Interval in Seasonal Adjustment: A Heuristic Approach (2004)

A typical problem of the seasonal adjustment procedures arises when the series to be adjusted is subject to structural breaks. In fact, using the full span of the series can result in a biased estimation of the ”true” seasonal adjusted series, with unclear evidence showed by the usual diagnostic tests. In these cases the researcher has to decide where to cut-o the observed series to obtain a homogeneous span; this is generally performed by a simple visual inspection studies of the graph of the series and/or using a-priori information about the occurrence of the break. In this paper we propose a statistical criterion based on a distance measure between filters, evaluating its performance with Monte Carlo experiments.
Activation of human neutrophils by tachykinins: effect on formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and platelet-activating factor-stimulated superoxide anion production and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (1993)

This study examines the contribution of tachykinins to the processes of inflammation. Neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB) and eledoisin (E) but not kassinin (K) have similar effects to substance P (SP) in priming neutrophils for increased superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). This similarity in activity may be due to the carboxy amino acid terminal end of these tachykinins being highly conserved. This was confirmed by demonstrating that SP fragment 7-11 (SP7-11) had the same priming effect as the whole molecule, whereas, the amino end fragment 1-4 (SP1-4) inhibited the response to FMLP. The priming effect of tachykinins was not confined to a single stimulus, such as FMLP, since NKA, NKB and SP also enhanced O2- production stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF), an important mediator of inflammation but a weak stimulus of O2- production on its own. In addition, all the tachykinins studied increased neutrophil antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards opsonized target cells. In contrast to their effects on FMLP-induced O2- production, both SP fragments, SP1-4 and SP7-11, stimulated neutrophil ADCC and had a synergistic effect when used together.
Heterocyclic prostaglandin analogues. Part 4. Piperazine-2,5-diones, pyrazolidine-3,5-diones, 1,2,4-triazolidinediones, 1,3,4-oxadiazolidinediones and 1,3,4-thiadiazolidinediones (1981)

Piperazinedione prostaglandin analogues (10) have been prepared from the previously described di-substituted glycine esters (8). The corresponding pyrazolidinediones (27) and triazolidinediones (30) were obtained by multi-step synthesis from ethyl carbazate (19)via the common intermediates (23). An oxadiazolidinedione (37) and a thiadiazolidinedione (40b) are also described. The piperazinedione (10c) and the triazolidinedione (30c) have ca. one-tenth of the anti-aggregatory potency of prostaglandin E1. Some structure–activity relationships have emerged.
Expression of Maize Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase in Transgenic Tobacco (1992)

The expression of maize (Zea mays) phophoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PPC) gene constructions was studied in transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum). Where transcription was under the control of a maize PPC gene promoter, a low level of aberrantly large PPC transcript was detected. Analysis of this PPC transcript indicated that transcription initiation occurs upstream of the normal site. Despite the aberrant transcription initiation, expression of the PPC transcript was still light-regulated. Higher levels of maize PPC transcript of the correct size were obtained with a chimeric gene construction containing a tobacco (Nicotiana plumbaginifolia) chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene promoter. The PPC activities in the leaves of these transgenic plants were up to twofold higher than those of nontransformed plants. Two forms of PPC with different kinetic properties were identified in leaf extracts of the transgenic plants: one form with a high apparent K(m) for phosphoenolpyruvate (maize isozyme), and a second form exhibiting a low apparent K(m) (tobacco isozyme). Biochemical analyses of these plants indicated that the transgenic plants had significantly elevated levels of titratable acidity and malic acid. These biochemical differences did not produce any significant physiological changes with respect to photosynthetic rate or CO(2) compensation point.