gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Call for papers second international workshop on compact thin-film transistor (TFT) modeling for circuit simulation (2009)

In recent years, the increasing use of active matrix flat-panel displays and bio-medical imagers in commercial electronic products has drawn a significant attention to thin-film transistors (TFT) and technologies. TFTs on amorphous- and poly-silicon as well as newly emerging organic, transparent metal oxide and nano-composite semiconductor technologies are becoming increasingly common. For example, flat panel displays are finding widespread use in many products such as cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), camcorders, laptop personal computers (PCs), to name a few. The active matrix display is composed of a grid or matrix of picture elements called as “pixels”. Thousands or millions of these pixels together create an image on the display, in which the TFTs act as switches to individually turn each pixel. More increasingly TFTs are starting to be used as analog circuit elements for rudimentary signal conditioning. Therefore, physically-based compact modeling of TFTs for circuit simulation is crucial to accurately and reliably predict TFT behavior in the active matrix. A concentrated R&D effort is critical for developing physically-based compact TFT models for emerging thin-film technologies, and significant R&D efforts along these lines are underway world-wide.
Preparation of half-metallocenes of thiophene-fused and tetrahydroquinoline-linked cyclopentadienyl ligands for ethylene/α-olefin copolymerization (2010)

Directed ortho-lithiation of the lithium carbamates generated from tetrahydroquinoline or tetrahydroquinaldine enables one-step preparation of thiophene-fused and tetrahydroquinoline-linked cyclopentadienes [2-R(1)-3-R(2)-4,5-dimethyl-6-(2-R(3)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl)-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene (R(1), R(2), R(3) = H or methyl)], from which titanium(iv) and zirconium(iv) complexes are prepared. The molecular structures of Me(2)Ti-complexes (12, R(1) = R(2) = Me, R(3) = H; 14, R(1) = R(2) = R(3) = Me) and Cl(2)Zr-complex (17, R(1) = R(2) = Me, R(3) = H) are determined by X-ray crystallography. The Me(2)Ti-complexes, 14 and 15 (R(1) = R(3) = Me, R(2) = H) show excellent activities (62 and 54 × 10(6) g/molTi·h) in ethylene/1-octene copolymerization, even when activated with small amount of MAO (Al/Ti = 1000).
Macroscopic Fibers and Ribbons of Oriented Carbon Nanotubes (2000)

A simple method was used to assemble single-walled carbon nanotubes into indefinitely long ribbons and fibers. The processing consists of dispersing the nanotubes in surfactant solutions, recondensing the nanotubes in the flow of a polymer solution to form a nanotube mesh, and then collating this mesh to a nanotube fiber. Flow-induced alignment may lead to a preferential orientation of the nanotubes in the mesh that has the form of a ribbon. Unlike classical carbon fibers, the nanotube fibers can be strongly bent without breaking. Their obtained elastic modulus is 10 times higher than the modulus of high-quality bucky paper.
Immunity to varicella-zoster viral glycoproteins, gp I (gp 90/58) and gp III (gp 118), and to a nonglycosylated protein, p 170. (1986)

Humoral and cellular immunity against two major glycoproteins (gp) of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), gp I (gp 90/58) and gp III (gp 118), and against a nonglycosylated phosphoprotein (p 170) was demonstrated in human subjects. Primary VZV infection was accompanied by the development of IgG to gp I (mean titer 1:200), gp III (mean titer 1:132), and p 170 (mean titer 1:331). Increased IgG antibody production to each of the VZV proteins occurred during recurrent VZV infection with mean titers to gp I of 1:29512, to gp III of 1:15848, and to p 170 of 1:15848. Persistent high titers to gp III (mean titer 1:891) and to p 170 (mean titer 1:2238) were observed in 75% and 88% of VZV-immune subjects, respectively. T lymphocytes which proliferated on stimulation with gp I, gp III, and p 170 developed with primary VZV infection. VZV-immune subjects had mean transformation indices of 4.2 +/- 0.70 SE to gp I, 4.7 +/- 1 SE to gp III, and 3 +/- 0.39 SE to p 170. Among individual subjects, humoral and cellular immunity was not always detected to all three of the VZV proteins. Resolution of primary VZV infection and maintenance of VZV latency did not require a host response to each of these major viral proteins.
The Relationship Between Plasma Thrombospondin Level and the Clinical Course of Atopic Dermatitis (1993)

The tests currently used to monitor atopic dermatitis in children--serum IgE level and eosinophil count--are not sensitive enough to accurately track the course of the disease. Because previous studies have shown that atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory disease and because our previous work has shown that plasma thrombospondin level correlates well with the course of other inflammatory diseases, we conducted this study to determine the relationship between plasma thrombospondin level and the severity of skin inflammation in children with atopic dermatitis. Eosinophil count, serum IgE level, and plasma thrombospondin level were measured in 48 children with atopic dermatitis at onset of flare-up, 2 weeks after treatment started, and 2 months after treatment started. The results of all three tests were better after 2 months of therapy than they had been at the initial visit, but only plasma thrombospondin level showed a statistically significant decrease, which coincided with clinical improvement. Plasma thrombospondin level seems to correlate with the clinical course of patients with atopic dermatitis better than do serum IgE level or eosinophil count.
Water vapour, sonoluminescence and sonochemistry (2000)

Sonoluminescence is the production of light from acoustically forced bubbles; sonochemistry is a related chemical processing technique. The two phenomena share a sensitive dependence on the liquid phase. The present work is an investigation of the fate and consequences of water vapour in the interior of strongly forced argon micro–bubbles. Due to the extreme nonlinearity of the volume oscillations, excess water vapour is trapped in the bubble during a rapid inertial collapse. Water vapour is prevented from exiting by relatively slow diffusion and non–equilibrium condensation at the bubble wall. By reducing the compression heating of the mixture and through primarily endothermic chemical reactions, the water vapour reduces the temperatures within the bubble significantly. The quantity and disposition of hydroxyl radicals produced within the bubble are studied in some detail, as this is of keen interest in sonochemistry. It was recently shown by Moss and co–workers that light emission from a sonoluminescence bubble depends sensitively on the water–vapour content. The quantity of trapped water vapour determined in the present analysis is in excellent agreement with the amount found by Moss and co–workers to match photon yields and pulse widths of recent experiments.
Immunohistochemical study of vascular injury in acute multiple sclerosis. (1994)

It is proposed that vascular endothelial cell activation may be an early and pivotal event in the evolution of multiple sclerosis, and that demyelination may have an ischaemic basis in this condition. The vascular endothelium may contain an early element in the evolution of multiple sclerosis.
Overall Survival Analysis of a Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of a Poxviral-Based PSA-Targeted Immunotherapy in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2010)

PROSTVAC-VF immunotherapy was well tolerated and associated with a 44% reduction in the death rate and an 8.5-month improvement in median OS in men with mCRPC. These provocative data provide preliminary evidence of clinically meaningful benefit but need to be confirmed in a larger phase III study.
Interleukin-1 beta in human plasma: optimization of blood collection, plasma extraction, and radioimmunoassay methods. (1988)

Current immunoassays for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) are effective for analyzing fluids derived from cultured cells. However, IL-1 beta determinations in human plasma or serum samples are technically complicated by higher protein and lipid concentrations, physicochemical differences which exist between samples from healthy subjects and those experiencing acute phase responses, and by the fact that IL-1 beta can be produced and degraded in the blood collection tube after the sample is drawn. A simple chloroform extraction process has been developed which eliminates several of the interfering factors from plasma samples and increases the amount of IL-1 beta detected by radioimmunoassay and lymphocyte activation assay. In the radioimmunoassay, rabbit sera was found to influence the accuracy and variability of plasma measurements. Improvements in radioimmunoassay reagents and methods are reported which reduce this influence. Finally, different concentrations of IL-1 beta were measured depending on whether serum or plasma was tested. We propose that plasma samples collected with EDTA and aprotinin provide a better determination of free circulating IL-1 beta in vivo than serum samples, which may contain IL-1 beta secreted from blood leukocytes during the clotting process.
Imaging intraorganellar Ca2+ at subcellular resolution using CEPIA (2014)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria accumulate Ca(2+) within their lumens to regulate numerous cell functions. However, determining the dynamics of intraorganellar Ca(2+) has proven to be difficult. Here we describe a family of genetically encoded Ca(2+) indicators, named calcium-measuring organelle-entrapped protein indicators (CEPIA), which can be utilized for intraorganellar Ca(2+) imaging. CEPIA, which emit green, red or blue/green fluorescence, are engineered to bind Ca(2+) at intraorganellar Ca(2+) concentrations. They can be targeted to different organelles and may be used alongside other fluorescent molecular markers, expanding the range of cell functions that can be simultaneously analysed. The spatiotemporal resolution of CEPIA makes it possible to resolve Ca(2+) import into individual mitochondria while simultaneously measuring ER and cytosolic Ca(2+). We have used these imaging capabilities to reveal differential Ca(2+) handling in individual mitochondria. CEPIA imaging is a useful new tool to further the understanding of organellar functions.
Double Emulsion‐Templated Nanoparticle Colloidosomes with Selective Permeability (2008)

Nanoparticle colloidosomes, shown in the SEM image, are generated by using water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions as templates. Hydrophobic silica nanoparticles that are dispersed in the oil phase stabilize the double emulsions, and subsequently become the shell of the colloidosomes upon removal of the organic solvent as shown in the figure. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Systematic Exploration of the Antigen Binding Activity of Synthetic Peptides Isolated from the Variable Regions of Immunoglobulins (1997)

Sets of short (12 residues) cellulose-bound synthetic overlapping peptides derived from the sequences of the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of three different antibodies (an anti-thyroglobulin antibody, the HyHEL-5 anti-lysozyme antibody, and an anti-angiotensin II antibody) were used to systematically assess the antigen binding capacity of peptides from the antibody paratope outside their natural molecular context. Peptides enclosing one or several of the complementarity determining region (CDR) residues had antigen binding activity, although the most active peptides were not necessarily those bearing the greatest number of CDR residues. Several residues from the framework region, preceding or following the CDR, were found to play a role in binding. Affinity constants from 4.1 x 10(-7) to 6.7 x 10(-8) M-1 for the soluble form of 9 lysozyme-binding dodecapeptides were measured by BIAcore analysis. Alanine scanning of lysozyme-binding hexapeptides from the HyHEL-5 sequence identified 38 residues important for binding, of which 22 corresponded to residues that had been shown by x-ray crystallography to be at the interface between HyHEL-5 and lysozyme. Our results could be of interest for the rational identification of biologically active peptides derived from antibody sequences and in providing an experimental basis for mutagenesis of the antibody paratope.
Application of Fragment-Based Lead Generation to the Discovery of Novel, Cyclic Amidine β-Secretase Inhibitors with Nanomolar Potency, Cellular Activity, and High Ligand Efficiency (2007)

Fragment-based lead generation has led to the discovery of a novel series of cyclic amidine-based inhibitors of beta-secretase (BACE-1). Initial fragment hits with an isocytosine core having millimolar potency were identified via NMR affinity screening. Structure-guided evolution of these fragments using X-ray crystallography together with potency determination using surface plasmon resonance and functional enzyme inhibition assays afforded micromolar inhibitors. Similarity searching around the isocytosine core led to the identification of a related series of inhibitors, the dihydroisocytosines. By leveraging the knowledge of the ligand-BACE-1 recognition features generated from the isocytosines, the dihydroisocytosines were efficiently optimized to submicromolar potency. Compound 29, with an IC50 of 80 nM, a ligand efficiency of 0.37, and cellular activity of 470 nM, emerged as the lead structure for future optimization.
Spectroscopic detection of intermediates in the reaction of dioxygen with the reduced methane monooxygenase/hydroxylase from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic detection of intermediates in the reaction of dioxygen with the reduced methane monooxygenase/hydroxylase from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath)Katherine E. Liu, Danli Wang, Boi Hanh Huynh, Dale E. Edmondson, Athanasios Salifoglou, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 16, 7465–7466Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00095a083https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00095a083research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views527Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amino Acid Residues That Influence the Binding of Manganese or Calcium to Photosystem II. 2. The Carboxy-Terminal Domain of the D1 Polypeptide (1995)

To identify amino acid residues that ligate the manganese and calcium ions of photosystem II or are otherwise crucial to water oxidation, site-directed mutations were constructed in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 at all conserved carboxylate and histidine residues in the carboxy-terminal domain of the D1 polypeptide. Mutants with impaired photoautotrophic growth or oxygen evolution were characterized in vivo by measuring changes in the yield of variable chlorophyll a fluorescence after a saturating flash or brief illumination given in the presence of an electron-transfer inhibitor or following each in a series of saturating flashes given in the absence of inhibitor [Chu, H.-A., Nguyen, A. P., & Debus, R.J. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 6137-6149]. Mutants were also characterized after propagation in media having other cations substituted for calcium. We conclude that His-332 Glu-333, His-337, and Asp-342 influence the assembly and/or stability of the manganese cluster, that His-332, Glu-333, and His-337 may ligate manganese, that Asp-342 may ligate manganese, calcium, or both, that Glu-333 and Asp-342 may play important structural roles, and that His-332, Glu-333, and His-337 influence the binding of calcium, although Glu-333 is unlikely to ligate Ca2+ directly. Several His-332, Glu-333, His-337, and Asp-342 mutants were very light sensitive, possibly because toxic activated oxygen species were released from altered or partly assembled manganese clusters. Finally, mutations at Asp-342 do not prevent posttranslational cleavage of the carboxy-terminal extension of the D1 polypeptide's precursor form in vivo.
Platelet Nitric Oxide Responsiveness (2005)

Impaired platelet NO responsiveness is a novel, independent predictor of increased mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with high-risk ACS.
Electrooptically tunable narrow-linewidth InGaAsP-Ti:LiNbO3 extended cavity laser (1987)

Single-frequency tunable lasers with linewidths in the submegahertz region are of great interest for applications in coherent optical communication systems. The only narrow-linewidth laser with wideband tunability reported so far employs a mechanically tuned bulk-optic reflection grating as an intracavity wavelength filter.1
Total body skeletal muscle mass: estimation by creatine (methyl-d3) dilution in humans (2014)

Current methods for clinical estimation of total body skeletal muscle mass have significant limitations. We tested the hypothesis that creatine (methyl-d3) dilution (D3-creatine) measured by enrichment of urine D3-creatinine reveals total body creatine pool size, providing an accurate estimate of total body skeletal muscle mass. Healthy subjects with different muscle masses [n = 35: 20 men (19-30 yr, 70-84 yr), 15 postmenopausal women (51-62 yr, 70-84 yr)] were housed for 5 days. Optimal tracer dose was explored with single oral doses of 30, 60, or 100 mg D3-creatine given on day 1. Serial plasma samples were collected for D3-creatine pharmacokinetics. All urine was collected through day 5. Creatine and creatinine (deuterated and unlabeled) were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Total body creatine pool size and muscle mass were calculated from D3-creatinine enrichment in urine. Muscle mass was also measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and traditional 24-h urine creatinine. D3-creatine was rapidly absorbed and cleared with variable urinary excretion. Isotopic steady-state of D3-creatinine enrichment in the urine was achieved by 30.7 ± 11.2 h. Mean steady-state enrichment in urine provided muscle mass estimates that correlated well with MRI estimates for all subjects (r = 0.868, P < 0.0001), with less bias compared with lean body mass assessment by DXA, which overestimated muscle mass compared with MRI. The dilution of an oral D3-creatine dose determined by urine D3-creatinine enrichment provides an estimate of total body muscle mass strongly correlated with estimates from serial MRI with less bias than total lean body mass assessment by DXA.
Functional Analysis of the Two-Gene Lysis System of the Pneumococcal Phage Cp-1 in Homologous and Heterologous Host Cells (1998)

The two lysis genes cph1 and cpl1 of the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteriophage Cp-1 coding for holin and lysozyme, respectively, have been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Synthesis of the Cph1 holin resulted in bacterial cell death but not lysis. The cph1 gene was able to complement a lambda Sam mutation in the nonsuppressing E. coli HB101 strain to produce phage progeny, suggesting that the holins encoded by both phage genes have analogous functions and that the pneumococcal holin induces a nonspecific lesion in the cytoplasmic membrane. Concomitant expression of both holin and lysin of Cp-1 in E. coli resulted in cell lysis, apparently due to the ability of the Cpl1 lysozyme to hydrolyze the peptidoglycan layer of this bacterium. The functional analysis of the cph1 and cpl1 genes cloned in a pneumococcal mutant with a complete deletion of the lytA gene, which codes for the S. pneumoniae main autolysin, provided the first direct evidence that, in this gram-positive-bacterium system, the Cpl1 endolysin is released to its murein substrate through the activity of the Cph1 holin. Demonstration of holin function was achieved by proving the release of pneumolysin to the periplasmic fraction, which strongly suggested that the holin produces a lesion in the pneumococcal membrane.
Detection and Quantification of Roundup Ready Soy in Foods by Conventional and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (2004)

Transgenic soybean line GTS-40-3-2, marketed under the trade name Roundup Ready (RR) soy, was developed by Monsanto (USA) to allow for the use of glyphosate, the active ingredient of the herbicide Roundup, as a weed control agent. RR soy was first approved in Canada for environmental release and for feed products in 1995 and later for food products in 1996 and is widely grown in Canada. Consumer concern issues have resulted in proposed labeling regulations in Canada for foods derived from genetically engineered crops. One requirement for labeling is the ability to detect and accurately quantify the amount of transgenic material present in foods. Two assays were evaluated. A conventional qualitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay to detect the presence of soy and RR soy and a real-time PCR to quantify the amount of RR soy present in samples that tested positive in the first assay. PCR controls consisted of certified RR soy reference material, single transgenic soybeans, and a processed food sample containing a known amount of RR soy. To test real-world applicability, a number of common grocery store food items that contain soy-based products were tested. For some samples, significant differences in amplification efficiencies during the quantitative PCR assays were observed compared to the controls, resulting in potentially large errors in quantification. A correction factor was used to try to compensate for these differences.