gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ten-channel single-mode wavelength division demultiplexer in near IR (1991)

A ten-channel single-mode wavelength division demultiplexer operating at 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790,800,810,820 and 830 nm with diffraction angles varying from 16° to 52° and using a graded index (GRIN) polymer waveguide is reported for the first time. Diffraction efficiency up to 60% was measured. The wavelength spreading of the Ti:Al2O3 laser (~ 4 nm, 3 dB bandwidth) causes an average crosstalk figure of -21 dB. The beamwidth of the diffracted signal as a function of the input beam width, the grating interaction length, and the diffraction angle are considered. Occurrence of maximum values are discussed. A waveguide lens is needed to efficiently couple the diffracted light into an output fiber whenever the diffracted beam size is beyond the core diameter of the fiber involved.
Cryosurgery for Breast Cancer (2004)

As the majority of breast cancers present as small non-palpable lesions, alternatives for surgical lumpectomy come into consideration. Breast tumor ablation without surgical excision may be a less morbid procedure without sacrificing cancer control. Cryosurgery is one of several ablative options for the treatment of small unifocal breast cancer. The potential advantages include avoidance of a surgical procedure, less overall discomfort, improved cosmesis, quicker recovery and the prospect of overall cost benefits. Clinical experience in 29 patients is reviewed demonstrating effectiveness in properly chosen patients. A comparison of ablation methods is discussed. Finally, future research of the role of cryosurgery in the management of breast cancer is described.
FcγRIIb on Liver Sinusoidal Endothelium Clears Small Immune Complexes (2012)

It has long been known that the ITIM-bearing IgG Fc receptor (FcγRIIb, RIIb) is expressed on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and that the liver is the major site of small immune complex (SIC) clearance. Thus, we proposed that RIIb of LSEC eliminates blood-borne SIC, thereby controlling immune complex-mediated autoimmune disease. Testing this hypothesis, we found most RIIb of the mouse, fully three-quarters, to be expressed in liver. Moreover, most (90%) liver RIIb was expressed in LSEC, the remainder in Kupffer cells. An absent FcRγ in LSEC implied that RIIb is the sole FcγR expressed. Testing the capacity of liver RIIb to clear blood-borne SIC, we infused mice intravenously with radio-iodinated SIC made of OVA and rabbit IgG anti-OVA. Tracking decay of SIC from the blood, we found the RIIb knockout strain to be severely deficient in eliminating SIC compared with the wild-type strain, terminal half-lives being 6 and 1.5 h, respectively. RIIb on LSEC, a major scavenger, keeps SIC blood concentrations low and minimizes pathologic deposition of inflammatory immune complex.
Development and testing of III-V multijunction-based terrestrial concentrator modules (2005)

This paper presents progress in the design, construction, and testing of high concentration receivers, submodules, and complete modules based on Emcore's III-V/Ge based multi-junction concentrator cell. Economic arguments are used to first determine an appropriate range of geometric concentration ratio (800-1000 suns) and solar cell area (0.1 to 1 cm/sup 2/). The concentrator system is then designed around these and other constraints. Receivers, SOEs and a prototype module have been constructed as well as an automated on-sun test facility. Testing and evaluation of the integrated components await the delivery of the primary Fresnel optics.
Chronic Disturbances in NO Production Results in Histochemical and Subcellular Alterations of the Rat Heart (2000)

The mechanisms and myocardial alterations associated with NO-deficient hypertension are still far from clear. The aim of the present study was to focus on the enzyme histochemical and subcellular changes in the heart of L-NAME treated rats, as well as to examine the influence of captopril treatment. Wistar rats were administered either L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day) alone or together with captopril (100 mg/kg/day) for a period of 4 weeks. A significant increase of blood pressure confirmed the reliability of the model. The results showed that long-lasting L-NAME administration was accompanied by a decrease of endothelial NO-synthase activity and by a significant local decrease of the following enzyme activities: capillary-related alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and ATPase (but not dipeptidyl peptidase IV) and cardiomyocyte-related glycogen phosphorylase, succinic dehydrogenase, beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and ATPases. No activity of these enzymes was found in the scar, whereas a marked increase of alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activities was found in the foci of fibrotization. Histochemical changes correlated with subcellular changes, which were characterized by 1) apparent fibroblast activation associated with interstitial/perivascular fibrosis, 2) heterogeneous population of the normal, hypertrophic and injured cardiomyocytes, 3) enhancement of the atrial granules and their translocation into the sarcolemma, and 4) impairment of capillaries as well as by induction of angiogenesis. Similar alterations were also found in the heart of captopril co-treated rats, despite of the significant suppression of blood pressure. The results indicate that NO-deficient hypertension is accompanied by metabolic disturbances and ultrastructural alterations of the heart and these changes are probably not induced by the renin-angiotension system only.
Focus-Tunable Microlens Arrays Fabricated on Spherical Surfaces (2011)

We present microlens arrays consisting of multiple focus-tunable microlenses omnidirectionally fabricated on spherical surfaces, to realize large field of view. Thin flexible polymer bridges connecting adjacent microlenses are designed to reduce the wrapping stress and deformation of the microlens array. Each microlens, formed via water-oil interface, is individually tuned by a thermo-responsive hydrogel actuator. The range of the focal length of each microlens in this array varied from millimeters to infinity. A prototype of optical imaging system based on such a microlens array on a spherical surface, including a charged-coupled device camera, a fiber bundle, and a 3-D rotational stage, is demonstrated as well.
Dominant frequency and organization index maps in a realistic three-dimensional computational model of atrial fibrillation (2012)

Organization index maps provide a better approximation than DF maps for the localization of ectopic sources of high frequency and continuous activity during episodes of simulated AF in remodelled tissue.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Measurement on Filter Paper Blood Spots (2001)

The measurement of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) from extracted whole dried blood spots on filter paper is a simple method allowing sample collection to be carried out by the patient at home. One drop of blood is applied to a filter card, air dried and posted to the laboratory. The IGF-I is dissociated from its binding protein by an acidification and neutralization procedure, and IGF-I is then measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results from the analysis of IGF-I using blood spots on filter paper compared favourably with those from conventional methods, thus showing it to be an ideal and cost-effective technique for the measurement of IGF-I in both adults and children.
Production and Properties of Migration Inhibitory Factor and Interferon in the Circulation of Mice with Delayed Hypersensitivity (1973)

Abstract Further evidence is presented of the coordinate production and similar properties of two mediators, migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interferon, in the circulation of BCG-infected mice inoculated with specific antigen (Old Tuberculin, OT). In addition, the interferon elicited by OT in BCG-infected mice is shown to be a distinct molecular species of viral inhibitor and is designated “Type II interferon.” The designation “Type I interferon” is used to describe the viral inhibitor produced in BCG-infected or control mice given nonspecific stimuli such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Although Type II interferon possesses the biologic attributes required to classify a viral inhibitor as “interferon,” it, as well as MIF, differs markedly from Type I interferon in stability at pH 2 and at 56°C, range of species specificity, and antigenicity. Antibodies against highly purified L cell interferon induced by NDV (anti-Type I interferon antibodies) neutralize the activity of interferons elicited in mice by nonspecific stimuli such as LPS or NDV. In contrast, the antiviral activity of Type II interferon and the macrophage-inhibitory activity of MIF, elicited by specific antigen in mice with delayed hypersensitivity, are not affected by high concentrations of antibody against Type I interferon. Evidence is presented which emphasizes the striking similarities in properties of MIF and Type II interferon, although it is not possible to determine whether the two mediators are the same or different protein molecules.
Software Transactional Memory: Why Is It Only a Research Toy? (2008)

TM (transactional memory) is a concurrency control paradigm that provides atomic and isolated execution for regions of code. TM is considered by many researchers to be one of the most promising solutions to address the problem of programming multicore processors. Its most appealing feature is that most programmers only need to reason locally about shared data accesses, mark the code region to be executed transactionally, and let the underlying system ensure the correct concurrent execution. This model promises to provide the scalability of fine-grain locking, while avoiding common pitfalls of lock composition such as deadlock. In this article we explore the performance of a highly optimized STM and observe that the overall performance of TM is significantly worse at low levels of parallelism, which is likely to limit the adoption of this programming paradigm.
1-[2-[(5-Cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino]ethylamino]acetyl-2-(S)-pyrrolidinecarbonitrile:  A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor with Antihyperglycemic Properties (2002)

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition has the potential to become a valuable therapy for type 2 diabetes. We report the first use of solid-phase synthesis in the discovery of a new DPP-IV inhibitor class and a solution-phase synthesis that is practical up to the multikilogram scale. One compound, NVP-DPP728 (2), is profiled as a potent, selective, and short-acting DPP-IV inhibitor that has excellent oral bioavailability and potent antihyperglycemic activity.
Glucocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Gene Regulatory Networks (2005)

While the molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid regulation of transcription have been studied in detail, the global networks regulated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) remain unknown. To address this question, we performed an orthogonal analysis to identify direct targets of the GR. First, we analyzed the expression profile of mouse livers in the presence or absence of exogenous glucocorticoid, resulting in over 1,300 differentially expressed genes. We then executed genome-wide location analysis on chromatin from the same livers, identifying more than 300 promoters that are bound by the GR. Intersecting the two lists yielded 53 genes whose expression is functionally dependent upon the ligand-bound GR. Further network and sequence analysis of the functional targets enabled us to suggest interactions between the GR and other transcription factors at specific target genes. Together, our results further our understanding of the GR and its targets, and provide the basis for more targeted glucocorticoid therapies.
Neural correlates of creativity in analogical reasoning. (2011)

Brain-based evidence has implicated the frontal pole of the brain as important for analogical mapping. Separately, cognitive research has identified semantic distance as a key determinant of the creativity of analogical mapping (i.e., more distant analogies are generally more creative). Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess brain activity during an analogy generation task in which we varied the semantic distance of analogical mapping (as derived quantitatively from a latent semantic analysis). Data indicated that activity within an a priori region of interest in left frontopolar cortex covaried parametrically with increasing semantic distance, even after removing effects of task difficulty. Results implicate increased recruitment of frontopolar cortex as a mechanism for integrating semantically distant information to generate solutions in creative analogical reasoning.
Supramolecularly Regulated Ligands for Asymmetric Hydroformylations and Hydrogenations (2015)

Herein we report the use of polyether binders as regulation agents (RAs) to enhance the enantioselectivity of rhodium-catalyzed transformations. For reactions of diverse substrates mediated by rhodium complexes of the α,ω-bisphosphite-polyether ligands 1-5,a-d, the enantiomeric excess (ee) of hydroformylations was increased by up to 82 % (substrate: vinyl benzoate, 96 % ee), and the ee value of hydrogenations was increased by up to 5 % (substrate: N-(1-(naphthalene-1-yl)vinyl)acetamide, 78 % ee). The ligand design enabled the regulation of enantioselectivity by generation of an array of catalysts that simultaneously preserve the advantages of a privileged structure in asymmetric catalysis and offer geometrically close catalytic sites. The highest enantioselectivities in the hydroformylation of vinyl acetate with ligand 4 b were achieved by using the Rb[B(3,5-(CF3)2 C6 H3)4] (RbBArF) as the RA. The enantioselective hydrogenation of the substrates 10 required the rhodium catalysts derived from bisphosphites 3 a or 4 a, either alone or in combination with different RAs (sodium, cesium, or (R,R)-bis(1-phenylethyl)ammonium salts). This design approach was supported by results from computational studies.
Administration of human urinary colony stimulating factor after bone marrow transplantation. (1988)

A phase II study of the use of colony stimulating factor derived from human urine (CSF-HU) was performed after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Steady and rapid recovery of leukocyte and granulocyte numbers was observed. In most patients who received CSF-HU from day 1, leukocyte numbers started to increase on day 6 and monocytes and granulocytes on day 11. Significant differences in the days to recovery of leukocytes over 1 x 10(9)/l and of granulocytes over 0.5 x 10(9)/l were observed in comparison with non-randomized control patients. In some patients in whom recovery of leukocytes was delayed, CSF also seemed to be effective in increasing leukocyte numbers from 8 days after the start of administration. There was no significant difference in the rate of relapse of leukemia between the two groups. CSF-HU seems very promising as a treatment of patients after BMT by shortening the period of leukopenia or granulocytopenia.
The primary structure of human serum transferrin. The structures of seven cyanogen bromide fragments and the assembly of the complete structure. (1983)

The amino acid sequences of seven cyanogen bromide fragments of human serum transferrin have been determined, and the primary structure of transferrin established by determining the order of these and three additional fragments (Sutton, M. R., MacGillivray, R. T. A., and Brew, K. (1975) Eur. J. Biochem. 51, 43-48) in the polypeptide chain. The order of the fragments was deduced from peptides that overlap methionyl residues which were obtained by thermolysin digestion of performic acid-oxidized transferrin or by partial peptic hydrolysis of unmodified transferrin, together with other evidence. The polypeptide chain of transferrin contains 679 amino acid residues, which together with the two N-linked oligosaccharide chains gives a calculated molecular weight of 79,570. Transferrin consists of two homologous domains (residues 1-336, 337-679), each associated with a single Fe-binding site, with both sites of glycosylation in the carboxyl-terminal domain at positions 413 and 611. Consideration of the primary structure in relation to previously published results provides information concerning the evolutionary development of transferrins and related proteins, and the locations of metal-binding residues in the transferrin molecule.
Strain hardening of various polyolefins in uniaxial elongational flow (2003)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Claus Gabriel, Helmut Münstedt; Strain hardening of various polyolefins in uniaxial elongational flow. J. Rheol. 1 May 2003; 47 (3): 619–630. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.1567752 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Mini organ culture of thyroid tissue: a new technique for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of thyroid tissue in vitro. (1988)

We have developed a culture technique by which the normal configuration of follicles and most other structural characteristics of the thyroid gland are well preserved. Small tissue fragments (diameter 0.5 to 0.9 mm) from various mammalian species were prepared and kept in hydrophobic culture dishes to prevent their attachment. It was essential to raise the oxygen concentration in the incubator to 50% and the D-glucose concentration to 5.6 mM. Under these conditions, mini organs were formed by the outgrowth of epithelial cells from follicles located on the fragment surface and opened during tissue preparation. After 2 to 3 days, the mini organs were enclosed by a confluent and tight monolayer of follicle cells and [3H]thymidine incorporation returned to background levels. The structural integrity of follicles underneath the monolayer and in the center of the mini organs could be maintained for at least several weeks. Light microscope autoradiographs of mini organs incubated with iodide, sulfate, or phosphate revealed that the vectorial transport and the posttranslational modifications of thyroglobulin were maintained. An assay for the precise quantitation of biosynthetic activities in individual mini organs was developed. The observations indicate that thyroid-specific functions in mini organs can be preserved for prolonged periods of time.
Selectin-P-mediated adherence of platelets to neutrophils is regulated by prostanoids and nitric oxide. (1993)

The expression of Selectin-P was measured in terms of formation of "rosettes" by human gel-filtrated thrombin (30-50 mU)-stimulated platelets on the surface of isolated homologous neutrophilic leucocytes (PMNs) according to Jungi (1986). The monoclonal anti-Selectin-P antibody completely prevented the formation of "rosettes", proving the specificity of Selectin-P-mediated adhesion. The Selectin-P-mediated adhesion of platelets to PMNs was inhibited by both iloprost (ILO) (IC50 = 5.0 nM) and sodium nitroprusside (NaNP) (IC50 = 0.93 microM); thus ILO is ca. 180 times more potent an inhibitor of "rosette" formation than NaNP. The NOS-inhibitors L-NO2Arg (10-30 microM) and L-MetArg (3-30 microM) each suppressed the adhesion, while at lower and higher concentrations these NOS-inhibitors did not influence rosette formation. L-Arginine (up to 1 mM) was not able to influence significantly the Selectin-P-mediated adhesion of platelets to PMNs. The COX inhibitor aspirin (10-30 microM) promoted the adhesion. We conclude that the Selectin-P-mediated adhesion of platelets to PMNs is inhibited by both ILO and NaNP, whereas endogenous prostanoids and nitric oxide seem to exert an antagonist effect on the adhesion of platelets to PMNs.
Glutamate-Gated Calcium Fluxes in Arabidopsis (2000)

It is well accepted that endogenous and environmental signals can influence cellular activities by changing [Ca2+]cyt ([Malho et al., 1998][1]; [Sanders et al., 1999][2]). Despite the importance of this mechanism for coupling stimuli to responses ([Malho et al., 1998][1]), the molecules
Partial Crosstalk Cancellation Exploiting Line and Tone Selection in Upstream VDSL (2003)

VDSL is the next step in an on-going evolution of DSL systems. In VDSL downstream data rates of up to 52 Mbps are supported by operating over short loop lengths and using
 frequencies up to 12 MHz. Unfortunately such high frequencies result in crosstalk between pairs within a binder-group. Many crosstalk cancellation techniques have been proposed to address
 this. Whilst these schemes lead to impressive performance gains their complexity grows with the square of the number of lines within a binder. In binder-groups which can carry up to
 hundreds of lines this complexity is outside the scope of current implementation. In this paper we investigate partial crosstalk cancellation for upstream VDSL. The majority of the
 detrimental effects of crosstalk are typically limited to a small sub-set of lines and tones. Furthermore significant crosstalk is often only seen from neighbouring pairs within the binder
 configuration. We present a number of algorithms which exploit these properties to reduce the complexity of crosstalk cancellation. These algorithms are shown to achieve the majority of the
 performance gains of full crosstalk cancellation with significantly reduced run-time complexity.
Secondary Forecasting Based on Deviation Analysis for Short-Term Load Forecasting (2010)

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is the basis of power system planning and operation. With regard to the fast-growing load in China, a novel two-stage hybrid forecasting method is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, daily load is forecasted by time-series methods; in the second stage, the deviation caused by time-series methods is forecasted considering the impact of relative factors, and then is added to the result of the first stage. Different from other conventional methods, this paper does an in-depth analysis on the impact of relative factors on the deviation between actual load and the forecasting result of traditional time-series methods. On the basis of this analysis, an adaptive algorithm is proposed to perform the second stage which can be used to choose the most appropriate algorithm among linear regression, quadratic programming, and support vector machine (SVM) according to the characteristic of historical data. These ideas make the forecasting procedure more accurate, adaptive, and effective, comparing with SVM and other prevalent methods. The effectiveness has been demonstrated by the experiments and practical application in China.