gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protecting electronic commerce from distributed denial-of-service attacks (2002)

It is widely recognized that distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks can disrupt electronic commerce and cause large revenue losses. However, effective defenses continue to be mostly unavailable. We describe and evaluate VIPnet, a novel value-added network service for protecting e-commerce and other transaction-based sites from DDoS attacks. In VIPnet, e-merchants pay Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to carry the packets of the e-merchants' best clients (called VIPs) in a privileged class of service (CoS), protected from congestion, whether malicious or not, in the regular CoS. VIPnet rewards VIPs with not only better quality of service, but also greater availability. Because VIP rights are client- and server-specific, cannot be forged, are usage-limited, and are only replenished after successful client transactions (e.g., purchases), it is impractical for attackers to mount and sustain DDoS attacks against an e-merchant's VIPs. VIPnet can be deployed incrementally and does not require universal adoption. Experiments demonstrate VIPnet's benefits.
Electrically tunable wettability of liquid crystal/polymer composite films (2008)

An electrically tunable wettability in a liquid crystal/ polymer composite film is demonstrated, in which liquid crystal molecules are anchored among polymer grains. The tunable wettability of the composite films originates from the reorientation of the anchored liquid-crystal molecules, which is switched by an in-plane electric field with squared pulses of voltages. These liquid crystal/polymer composite films with electrically tunable wettability have potential applications in polarizer-free displays, ink-jet printing, microfluidic devices, and lab-on-a-chip.
The North Dakota Telepharmacy Project: Restoring and Retaining Pharmacy Services in Rural Communities (2004)

Objective: To provide a detailed description of the North Dakota Telepharmacy Project including its overall purpose, goals, and how it works, and provide valuable information and guidelines for pharmacists and rural communities on how to successfully implement a telepharmacy program designed to serve small rural communities that have lost their pharmacy services, are about to lose their pharmacy services, or have had no pharmacy services. Discussion: Ten rural communities in western, northern, and central frontier counties of North Dakota including 4 central pharmacy hub sites serving 6 remote rural telepharmacy spoke sites are described. Through use of audio, video, and computer links, North Dakota has developed a successful statewide telepharmacy program to restore and retain pharmacy services to rural communities that have lost, are about to lose, or have no pharmacy services. North Dakota currently has full-service telepharmacy sites established in the communities of Beach, New England, Maddock, Rolette, and New Town. These remote telepharmacy sites are served by licensed pharmacists in central pharmacies located in Killdeer, Rugby, and Watford City. The distance from the central pharmacy site to the remote telepharmacy site ranges from 31 to 95 miles (average ∼57). The size of the remote telepharmacies ranges from 1,200 to 2,500 square feet (average ∼1,660). The remote telepharmacies are staffed by 2–3 personnel (1 pharmacy technician, 1–2 store clerks). The remote telepharmacy sites dispense 15–55 prescriptions per day (average ∼35). Hours of service of the remote telepharmacy sites are generally 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, Monday through Friday. The remote telepharmacy communities have populations ranging from 498 to 1,367 people (average ∼799). The remote communities have a medical clinic staffed 5 days a week by either a physician, physician's assistant, or nurse practitioner. Conclusions: Through use of telepharmacy technology, pharmacy services can be restored and retained in remote rural communities satisfying all rules and regulations of the state board of pharmacy using the same processes and procedures as traditional pharmacy practice including pharmacist drug utilization review, verification before dispensing, and patient counseling. Telepharmacy services produce the same quality of pharmacy services as the traditional mode of delivery and provide additional value-added features that are not found with traditional pharmacy practice.
Purification and microsequencing of hyaluronidase isozymes from human urine (1997)

We recently cloned the major hyaluronidase of human plasma, which we termed HYAL1. All hyaluronidase activity could be purified from human urine on an anti-HYAL1 monoclonal antibody column. However, urine contains two hyaluronidases of 57 kDa and 45 kDa, whereas plasma only contains the 57 kDa activity. Microsequencing confirmed that both urinary isozymes have N-termini identical to plasma hyaluronidase, but a second N-terminus was found in the smaller isozyme, apparently derived from the terminal 25 amino acids of HYAL1, at the C-terminus. The two polypeptides of the 45 kDa isozyme resulting from endoproteolytic cleavage of the 57 kDa isoform are presumably linked by disulfide bonds. Sperm contains two isozymes of the testicular hyaluronidase, PH-20, and the lower molecular weight isozyme is believed to be an endoproteolytically processed form of the larger protein. Analogously to PH-20, the smaller isozyme of HYAL1 is likely to be a proteolytically processed product of the larger isozyme.
Assessment of Quality of Life After Gastrectomy Using EORTC QLQ‐C30 and STO22 (2010)

EORTC QLQ-C30 and STO22 detected differences in several aspects of HRQOL among patients treated by the three surgical procedures. The laparoscopic approach resulted in superior short-term outcomes, whereas TG continued to affect the HRQOL in several items 12 months after surgery.
Lithographic Fabrication of Multi-Layered Optical Data (2011)

We present a new fabrication method for multilayer ROM. Individual layers of an initially-liquid holographic photopolymer are photo-patterned via mask projection and post-cured to a solid. The process is repeated to efficiently print high-density disks.
Human blood dendritic cells selectively express CD83, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. (1995)

Dendritic cells are potent APC that initiate primary T cell-dependent immune responses. The lack of lineage-associated cell surface Ags for human dendritic cells has made characterization of this lineage difficult. In this study, analysis of leukocyte subpopulations isolated from human blood revealed that circulating or cultured B and T cells, NK cells, and monocytes did not express CD83, whereas CD83+ cells were predominantly found in the dendritic cell-enriched metrizamide low density fraction of plastic nonadherent blood mononuclear cells. Blood CD83+ cells had a cellular morphology characteristic of dendritic cells and a cell surface phenotype that did not correlate with that of T cells, B cells, NK cells, or cells of the myelomonocytic lineage. Analysis of CD83+ cells with a panel of mAbs that identify 126 leukocyte cell surface Ags revealed the CD83+ cells to be a phenotypically homogeneous and unique population of cells that expressed the highest levels of MHC class II molecules when compared with other leukocyte lineages. CD83+ cells were also the most potent stimulator cells in an allogeneic MLR when compared with other leukocyte lineages. Functional analysis of CD83+ cells revealed that MHC class II, CD11a, CD40 and CD86 played functionally dominant roles, whereas CD80 contributed minimally to the specialized costimulatory activity of these potent APC. Thus, CD83 serves as a useful and specific marker for this unique population of human blood dendritic cells.
Power and energy analysis on intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer system (2012)

Improving the computing performance of the multicore and many-core systems is one of the primary interests to computer architecture researchers currently. Message Passing Interface (MPI) and Multi-core techniques are converged to solve this problem. With performance enhancement, the power and energy consumption increase correspondingly. The Single-Chip Cloud Computer (SCC) is an experimental processor created by Intel Labs. This paper proposed an approach to study the power and energy consumption on the 48-core SCC many-core system and realized the message passing on the SCC. First, we profile the execution time, voltage and current on each running set. Later, we calculated the power and energy consumption, and compared them with increasing number of cores, varying voltage and frequency levels. Finally, we reached a conclusion focus on its scalability and relationship between power/energy consumption and system performance in terms of execution time.
Structure of the human gene for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (1989)

The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, cyclin) was originally defined as a nuclear protein whose appearance correlated with the proliferative state of the cell. It is now known to be a co-factor of DNA polymerase delta and to be necessary for DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. cDNA clones of human PCNA have been isolated and, using one of these cDNA, we have now obtained from a lambda phage library a clone containing the entire human PCNA gene and flanking sequences. The human PCNA gene is a unique copy gene and has 6 exons. It spans, from the cap site to the poly(A) signal 4961 base pairs. We have identified, in the 5'-flanking sequence, a region with promoter activity, a well as other structural elements common to other promoters. An interesting feature of the PCNA gene is the presence of extensive sequence similarities among introns and between introns and exons.
Novel Dual-Phase-Shift Control With Bidirectional Inner Phase Shifts for a Dual-Active-Bridge Converter Having Low Surge Current and Stable Power Control (2016)

To transmit constant powers particularly at light load, the isolated dual active bridge (DAB) with conventional dual-phase-shift (DPS) control exhibits large variations of currents, losses, and efficiencies if there is a small change of outer phase shift ratio, which is caused by the change of command to adjust power transmission. This is mainly because of the narrow operation region of outer phase shift ratio if the conventional DPS modulation is used. To solve this problem, a novel DPS control with bidirectional inner phase shifts for the DAB is developed to reduce the current surge in the high-frequency transformer, which can stabilize the output power with high efficiency. From the analysis of operation modes and power characteristics of the proposed DPS control, it is shown that due to wider operation region of outer phase shift ratios compared with the conventional DPS control in which the inner phase shifts of both the primary and secondary H-bridges are in the same direction, lower surge current can be obtained in the change of phase shift command, which results in stable power transmission particularly at light load without scarifying the efficiency. Moreover, the DAB of using the proposed DPS control can transmit bidirectional energy with the inner and outer shift ratios of 0-1. For experimental verifications, the test results are also presented in this paper.
Robotic compression of soft tissue (2012)

This paper investigates automation of soft tissue compression for robot-assisted surgery. This is a fundamental task in surgery and includes interaction with a variety of tissues with unknown properties. In addition, due to sterilization and size constraints the use of contact force and position sensors are often avoided in surgical applications. We propose an Adaptive Model Predictive Control approach for execution of given tool trajectories in contact with unknown tissues in the absence of contact measurements. The Unscented Kalman Filter is employed in advance of system operation to identify the dynamics of a cable driven manipulator. These dynamics are then used to estimate contact force and position in free motion and in contact with tissue. An optimal control problem for automating tissue compression is formulated and is solved in real-time using Differential Dynamic Programming with Automatic Differentiation. The proposed methods are evaluated in experiments on an artificial tissue sample with unknown properties.
Ion Channels in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Rat Bone Marrow (2006)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow are believed to be an ideal cell source for cardiomyoplasty; however, cellular electrophysiology is not understood. The present study was designed to investigate ion channels in undifferentiated rat MSCs. It was found that three types of outward currents were present in rat MSCs, including a small portion of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (I(KCa)) sensitive to inhibition by iberiotoxin and/or clotromazole, a delayed rectifier K(+) current (IK(DR)), and a transient outward K(+) current (I(to)). In addition, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium current (I(Na.TTX)) and nifedipine-sensitive L-type Ca(2+) current (I(Ca.L)) were found in a small population of rat MSCs. Moreover, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the molecular evidence of mRNA for the functional ionic currents, including Slo and KCNN4 for I(KCa); Kv1.4 for I(to); Kv1.2 and Kv2.1 for IK(DR); SCN2a1 for I(Na.TTX); and CCHL2a for I(Ca.L). These results demonstrate for the first time that multiple functional ion channel currents (i.e., I(KCa), I(to), IK(DR), I(Na.TTX), and I(Ca.L)) are present in rat MSCs from bone marrow; however, physiological roles of these ion channels remain to be studied.
Phage Display of Selenopeptides (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPhage Display of SelenopeptidesKaren E. Sandman, Jack S. Benner, and Christopher J. NorenView Author Information New England Biolabs, 32 Tozer Road Beverly, Massachusetts 01915 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 5, 960–961Publication Date (Web):January 21, 2000Publication History Received13 July 1999Published online21 January 2000Published inissue 1 February 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja992462mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja992462mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views718Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Genetics,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Sodium,Viruses Get e-Alerts
Intracellular localization of the human receptor for the globular domains of C1q (1997)

This study was performed to determine the localization of the recently described receptor for the globular domain of C1q, gC1qR. In contrast to previous reports, we were not able to detect significant surface expression of gC1qR on Raji cells, monocytes, neutrophils, human or rat mesangial cells, the endothelial cell line EA.hy 926, or HUVEC using FACS analysis. Only by using digoxigenin-conjugated Abs could some surface staining of gC1qR be observed on rat mesangial cells and neutrophils. However, after permeabilizing these cells with saponin, a strong positive intracellular staining for gC1qR was observed by FACS, fluorescence microscopy on coverslips, and confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis. By reflection contrast microscopy and electron microscopy on ultrathin sections of permeabilized Raji cells, it was shown that gC1qR is present in double membranous cytoplasmic vesicles located in the proximity of the plasma membrane. To determine whether certain conditions could induce surface expression of gC1qR, Raji cells were either stimulated with T cell growth factor, LPS, or driven to apoptosis by incubation with fenretinide or by serum depletion. None of the conditions resulted in significant surface expression of gC1qR. Our hypothesis that gC1qR is not a surface molecule but a soluble molecule that is secreted by cells is supported by the observation that gC1qR is found in significant concentrations in supernatants of several cultured cells and in normal human and rat sera. Our results suggest that the recently described gC1qR is not a cell surface receptor, but a soluble binding protein with affinity for the globular heads of C1q. Excreted gC1qR might act as a potential fluid phase regulator of complement activation.
Reactions of Nitric Oxide with Vitamin B12and Its Precursor, Cobinamide (2003)

Despite early claims that nitric oxide does not react with cobalamin under any circumstances, it is now accepted that NO has a high affinity for cobalamin in the 2+ oxidation state [Cbl(II)]. However, it is still the consensus that NO does not react with Cbl(III). We confirmed that NO coordinates to Cbl(II) at all pH values and that Cbl(III) does not react with NO at neutral pH. At low pH, however, Cbl(III) does react with NO by way of a two-step process that also reduces Cbl(III) to Cbl(II). To account for the pH dependence, and because of its intrinsic interest, we also studied reactions of NO with cobinamide [Cbi] in the 2+ and 3+ oxidation states. Both Cbi(II) and Cbi(III) react readily with NO at all pH values. Again, Cbi(III) is reduced during the process of coordinating NO. Compared to cobalamin, cobinamide lacks the tethered 5,6-dimethylbenzamidazolyl moiety bound to the cobalt ion. It may, therefore, be considered a "base-off" form of Cbl. To explain the reaction of Cbl(III) at low pH, we infer that the base-off form of Cbl(III) exists in trace amounts that are rapidly reduced to Cbl(II), which then binds NO efficiently. Base dissociation, we postulate, is the rate-limiting step. Interestingly, Cbi(II) has 100 times greater affinity for NO than does Cbl(II), proving that there is a strong trans effect due to the tethered base in nitrosyl derivatives of both Cbl(II) and Cbl(III). The affinity of Cbi(II) for NO is so high that it is a very efficient NO trap and, consequently, may have important biomedical uses.
Isolation and characterization of eight lipid A precursors from a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octylosonic acid-deficient mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. (1985)

Temperature-sensitive mutants of Salmonella typhimurium that are defective in the biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate are known to accumulate disaccharide precursor(s) of lipid A at 42 degrees C (Rick, P. D., Fung, L. W.-M., Ho, C., and Osborn, M. J. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 4904-4912). We have devised new methods for purifying this material by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and silicic acid columns and have fractionated it into eight related anionic components that fall into four sets, as judged by their charge. Substances IA and IB have an apparent net charge of -1, IIA and IIB of -2, IIIA and IIIB of -3, and IVA and IVB of -4. Negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry reveals that the simplest component is IVA [( M - H]- at m/z 1404). Compound IVA is also the most abundant, representing 30-50% of the accumulated lipids after 3 h at 42 degrees C. Structural studies of IVA, including NMR spectroscopy described in the accompanying paper, reveal that it consists of O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1----6)-2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha - D-glucose, acylated at positions 2, 3, 2', and 3' with beta-hydroxymyristoyl moieties and bearing phosphate groups at positions 1 and 4'. Compound IIIA ([M - H]- at m/z 1527) contains an additional phosphoethanolamine residue, while IIA ([M - H]- m/z 1535) bears an aminodeoxypentose substituent, presumably 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose. Compound IA ([M - H]- at m/z 1658) bears both a phosphoethanolamine and an aminodeoxypentose. The compounds of the less abundant B series are further derivatized with an ester-linked palmitoyl moiety. Our results demonstrate that these precursors are far more heterogeneous than previously suspected.
Edge-Preserving Depth Map Upsampling by Joint Trilateral Filter (2017)

Compared to the color images, their associated depth images captured by the RGB-D sensors are typically with lower resolution. The task of depth map super-resolution (SR) aims at increasing the resolution of the range data by utilizing the high-resolution (HR) color image, while the details of the depth information are to be properly preserved. In this paper, we present a joint trilateral filtering (JTF) algorithm for depth image SR. The proposed JTF first observes context information from the HR color image. In addition to the extracted spatial and range information of local pixels, our JTF further integrates local gradient information of the depth image, which allows the prediction and refinement of HR depth image outputs without artifacts like textural copies or edge discontinuities. Quantitative and qualitative experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach over prior depth map upsampling works.
A predictive current control associated to EKF for high performance IPMSM drives (2011)

This The accurate current control is essential in high performance Interior Permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) drives. This paper proposes a predictive current control for a high accuracy and a fast dynamic response. The proposed predictive current control consists of the predictive current control and the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The Extended Kalman Filter provides the estimated extended electromotive force (EEMF) for sensorless control as well as the predicted current required to implement the predictive current control. To verify the merit of the proposed scheme, simulation and experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and show the feasibility of the proposed control scheme.
Myeloperoxidase-Generated Oxidants Modulate Left Ventricular Remodeling but Not Infarct Size After Myocardial Infarction (2005)

The present data separate inflammatory effects on infarct size and LV remodeling and demonstrate that MPO-generated oxidants do not significantly affect tissue necrosis after MI but rather have a profound adverse effect on LV remodeling and function.