gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological performance of biomimetic calcium phosphate coating of titanium implants in the dog mandible (2002)

The aim of the present study was to analyze the in vivo effect of biomimetic calcium phosphate coating of titanium implants on periimplant bone formation and bone-/implant contact. Five types of implants were used: 1) Ti6Al4V implants with a polished surface; 2) Ti6Al4V implants with collagen coating; 3) Ti6Al4V implants with a mineralized collagen layer; 4) Ti6Al4V implants with sequential coating of hydroxyapatite (HA) and collagen; and 5) Ti6Al4V implants with HA coating only. All implants had square cross sections with an oblique diameter of 4.6 mm and were inserted press fit into trephine burr holes of 4.6 mm in the mandibles of ten beagle dogs. The implants of five animals each were evaluated after a healing period of 1 month and 3 months, respectively, during which time sequential fluorochrome labeling of bone formation had been performed. Bone formation was evaluated by morphometric measurement of the newly formed bone around the implants and the percentage of implant bone contact. After 1 month, there was a significantly higher percentage of mean bone/implant contact in the HA-coated implants compared to those with polished surface and those with the collagen-coated surface. After 3 months, these differences were not present anymore. Bone apposition was significantly higher next to implants with sequential HA/collagen coating compared to polished surfaces and mineralized collagen layer. It is concluded that biomimetic coating of titanium implants with HA has shown the clearest trend to increase bone-implant contact in the early ingrowth period. The addition of collagen to an HA coating layer may hold some promise when used as sequential HA/collagen coating with mineralized collagen as the surface layer.
Direct DNA sequencing of PCR amplified genomic DNA by the Maxam-Gilbert method. (1990)

We present a method to directly sequence PCR amplification products utilizing the chemical method of Maxam and Gilbert. This procedure yields clearly readable DNA sequences of 100-400 base pairs in length derived from human genomic DNA in four days' time.
A novel stem-cell population in adult liver with potent hematopoietic-reconstitution activity (2005)

A number of recent reports have documented that cells possessing hematopoietic-reconstitution ability can be identified and isolated from a variety of solid organs in the adult animal. In all studies to date, however, purified organ-derived stem cells demonstrate a diminished repopulating capacity relative to that of purified bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (BM HSCs). It has therefore been unclear whether organ-derived HSCs possess functional properties distinct from those of BM HSCs, or simply have not been purified to a comparable extent. Here we report the identification of a rare subset of cells in adult murine liver that possess potent blood-repopulating potential, approaching that of BM HSCs. The cells, isolated on the basis of dye-efflux activity and CD45 expression (termed CD45(+) liver side population [SP] tip cells), exhibit a surface phenotype similar to that of freshly isolated BM HSCs derived from normal adult animals, but are phenotypically distinct in that they do not express the stem-cell marker c-kit. Single-cell transplantation studies indicate that CD45(+) liver SP tip cells can be generated from BM HSCs, suggesting a relationship between stem-cell populations in the liver and bone marrow compartments. Overall, these studies have important implications for understanding extramedullary hematopoiesis, and may be relevant to current strategies aimed at inducing tolerance to transplanted organs.
A data-driven multiprocessor architecture for high throughput digital signal processing (1996)

A data-driven multiprocessor architecture called PADDI-2 specially designed for rapid prototyping of high throughput digital signal processing algorithms is presented. Characteristics of typical high speed DSP systems were examined and the efficiencies and deficiencies of existing traditional architectures were studied to establish the architectural requirements, and to guide the architectural design. The proposed PADDI-2 architecture is a highly scalable and modular, multiple-instruction stream multiple-data stream (MIMD) architecture. It consists of a large number of fine-grain processing elements called nanoprocessors interconnected by a flexible and high-bandwidth communication network. The basic idea is that a data flow graph representing a DSP algorithm is directly mapped onto a network of nanoprocessors. The algorithm is executed by the nanoprocessors executing the operations associated with the assigned data flow nodes in a data-driven manner. High computation power is achieved by using multiple nanoprocessors to exploit the large amount of fine-grain parallelism inherent in the target algorithms. Programming flexibility is provided by the MIMD control strategy and the flexible interconnection network which can be reconfigured to handle a wide range of DSP algorithms, including those with heterogeneous communication patterns.
As a proof of concept, a single-chip multiprocessor integrated circuit containing 48 16-bit nanoprocessors was designed and fabricated in a 2-metal 1-$\mu$m CMOS technology. A 2-level, area-efficient communication network occupying only 17% of the core area provides flexible and high-bandwidth inter-processor communications. Running at 50 MHz, the chip achieves 2.4 GOPS peak performance and 800 MBytes per second I/O bandwidth. An integrated development system including an assembler, a VHDL-base system simulator, and a demonstration board has been developed for PADDI-2 program development and demonstration.
The benchmark results based on a variety of DSP algorithms in video processing, digital communication, digital filtering, and speech recognition confirm the performance, efficiency and generality of the architecture. Moreover, when compared with several competitive architectures that target the same application domain, PADDI-2 is in general about 2 to 3 times better in terms of hardware efficiency.
Isolation and Characterization of cDNAs for Differentially Accumulated Transcripts between Mesophyll Cells and Bundle Sheath Strands of Maize Leaves (2000)

To characterize novel genes functioning specifically in mesophyll cells (MCs) or bundle sheath cells (BSCs) of C4 plants, differential screening of a maize cDNA library was conducted using 32P-labeled single-strand cDNAs prepared from MCs and bundle sheath strands (BSS) as probes. Ten genes encoding thylakoid membrane proteins in chloroplasts were identified as MC-abundant genes. These included genes for chlorophyll a/b binding proteins, plastocyanin, PsaD, PsbT, PsbR, PsbO, PsaK, PsaG, PsaN and ferredoxin. Seven genes identified as BSS-abundant genes encoded PEP carboxykinase, salt-inducible SalT homolog, heavy metal-inducible metallothionein-like protein, ABA- and drought-inducible glycine-rich protein, and three proteins of unknown function (one of which was named Bss1). In situ hybridization analyses for several selected genes revealed that mRNAs for the metallothionein-like protein and Bss1 were accumulated specifically in BSCs, and that mRNA for the SalT homolog was accumulated in vascular cells around phloem cells. Results suggest that the functional differentiation of MC chloroplasts accompany preferential expression of these small proteins in photosystem complexes and that BSCs are the major site of stress responses.
Continuous culture – making a comeback? (2005)

The heyday of continuous culture was in the 1960s, when its versatility and reproducibility were used to address fundamental problems in diverse microbiological fields such as biochemistry, ecology, genetics and physiology. The advent of molecular genetics in the 1970s and 1980s led to a decline in the popularity of continuous culture as a standard laboratory tool. The current trend of studying global proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics requires reproducible, reliable and biologically homogeneous datasets with which to approach a given problem. The use of continuous culture techniques can aid the acquisition of such data, and continuous cultures offer advantages over biologically heterogeneous batch cultures, where secondary growth and stress effects can often mask subtle physiological differences and trends. This review is intended to remind microbiologists of the value of continuous cultivation in a wide range of biological investigations, and describes some advantages and recent advances in applications of continuous culture in post-genomic studies.
Long-term cognitive and emotional consequences of mild traumatic brain injury (2010)

Primarily, well-recovered individuals who had sustained a minor trauma more than half a decade ago continue to have long-term cognitive and emotional sequelae relevant for everyday social and professional life. mTBI may lead to a lasting disruption of neurofunctional circuits not detectable by standard structural MRI and needs to be taken seriously in clinical and forensic evaluations.
Reactivation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway by a Stapled p53 Peptide [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 2456−2457]. (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionReactivation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway by a Stapled p53 Peptide [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2007, 129, 2456−2457].Federico Bernal, Andrew F. Tyler, Stanley J. Korsmeyer, Loren D. Walensky, and Gregory L. VerdineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 16, 5298Publication Date (Web):March 28, 2007Publication History Published online28 March 2007Published inissue 1 April 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja076886phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja076886pcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1612Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (21 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Action Recognition with Improved Trajectories (2013)

Recently dense trajectories were shown to be an efficient video representation for action recognition and achieved state-of-the-art results on a variety of datasets. This paper improves their performance by taking into account camera motion to correct them. To estimate camera motion, we match feature points between frames using SURF descriptors and dense optical flow, which are shown to be complementary. These matches are, then, used to robustly estimate a homography with RANSAC. Human motion is in general different from camera motion and generates inconsistent matches. To improve the estimation, a human detector is employed to remove these matches. Given the estimated camera motion, we remove trajectories consistent with it. We also use this estimation to cancel out camera motion from the optical flow. This significantly improves motion-based descriptors, such as HOF and MBH. Experimental results on four challenging action datasets (i.e., Hollywood2, HMDB51, Olympic Sports and UCF50) significantly outperform the current state of the art.
Cl-IB-MECA inhibits human thyroid cancer cell proliferation independently of A3 adenosine receptor activation (2008)

A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonists have been reported to modulate cellular proliferation. This work was aimed to investigate the expression and the possible implication of A3AR in the human thyroid carcinomas. Normal thyroid tissue samples did not express A3 adenosine receptor, while primary thyroid cancer tissues expressed high level of A3AR, as determined by immunohistochemistry analysis. In human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line, NPA, at concentrations > or =10 microM, the A3AR-selective agonist 2-chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methylcarboxamide (Cl-IB-MECA) produced inhibition of cell growth, by blocking the G(1) cell cycle phase in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This effect was well correlated with a reduction of protein expression of cyclins D1 and E2 after 24 hours of Cl-IB-MECA treatment. Moreover Cl-IB-MECA induced dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, which in turn inhibits cell proliferation. The effect of Cl-IB-MECA was not prevented by A3AR antagonists, MRS1191 or MRS1523 or FA385. Furthermore, neither nucleoside transporter inhibitors, Dypiridamole and NBTI, nor the A1, A2A and A2B receptors antagonists were able to block the response to Cl-IB-MECA. Although Cl-IB-MECA has been shown to influence cell death and survival in other systems through an A3AR-mediated mechanism, in NPA cells the growth inhibition induced by micromolar concentrations of Cl-IB-MECA is not related to A3AR activation and hence that its effects on human papillary carcinoma cell line seem to be independent of the presence of this receptor subtype.
Remote fiber-optic biosensors based on evanescent-excited fluoro-immunoassay: Concept and progress (1985)

A homogeneous silica optical fiber with its coating and cladding removed will interact with its surroundings via evanescent-wave modes at the interface. Antibody or antigen molecules can be covalently linked to the silica-fiber surface. The immobilized biomolecules will bind complementary antigen or antibody from a surrounding solution. If the bound antigen or antibody is fluorescent, a fluoro-immunoassay can be performed. The sensitivity of such a sensor is enhanced in a competitive immunoassay mode, where a fluorescently labeled antigen or antibody competes for the binding sites on the immobilized bio-molecules, thereby providing a competitive binding fluoro-immunoassay. Such sensors have the potential for remote unattended pseudocontinuous monitoring of biomolecules.
Antibody-induced movement of common melanoma membrane antigens on the surface of unfixed human melanoma cells. (1979)

Antisera to common human melanoma antigens were obtained from melanoma patients receiving autologous immunization with their own irradiated cultured melanoma cells and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin. The antibody thus derived was used to detect common antigens on the plasma membrane of three different human melanoma cell lines by membrane immunofluorescence. The antigen-antibody complexes on the surface of melanoma cells would move to a pole (capping) and would subsequently be extruded into the extracellular milieu at room temperature. Approximately 25 to 30% of viable cells were positive by immunofluorescence. However, when the cells were fixed with methanol, 60 to 70% of cells demonstrated membrane binding. Capping was inhibited at 0 degrees or when the cells were pretreated with vinblastine sulfate. It can be concluded that common tumor antigens exist on the surface of viable human melanoma cells and that the redistribution of antigen-antibody complexes is an active process. The extrusion of antigen-antibody complexes in vitro may represent a mechanism of antigenic modulation in vivo and could indicate a basic method of tumor survival since presumably the antigen-denuded cell is viable and capable of replication but not of recognition by subsequent effector immune events.
The antileukemia activity of a human anti-CD40 antagonist antibody, HCD122, on human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (2008)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the surface expression of CD20, CD5 antigens, as well as the receptor CD40. Activation of CD40 by its ligand (CD40L) induces proliferation and rescues the cells from spontaneous and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. CD40 activation also induces secretion of cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IL-8, and GM-CSF, which are involved in tumor cell survival, migration, and interaction with cells in the tumor microenvironment. Here we demonstrate that in primary B-CLL tumor cells, the novel antagonist anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, HCD122, inhibits CD40L-induced activation of signaling pathways, proliferation and survival, and secretion of cytokines. Furthermore, HCD122 is also a potent mediator of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), lysing B-CLL cells more efficiently than rituximab in vitro, despite a significantly higher number of cell surface CD20 binding sites compared with CD40. Unlike rituximab, however, HCD122 (formerly CHIR-12.12) does not internalize upon binding to the cells. Our data suggest that HCD122 may inhibit B-CLL growth by blocking CD40 signaling and by ADCC-mediated cell lysis.
AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors on 100 mm silicon substrates by plasma molecular beam epitaxy (2011)

GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structures have been grown by plasma molecular beam epitaxy on 100 mm diameter ⟨111⟩ silicon substrates. Crack-free films with thicknesses of up to 1.7 μm were deposited without the use of strain-relaxing buffer layers. X-ray measurements indicate high structural uniformity and the Pendellosung oscillations are observed due to the abruptness of the AlGaN/GaN interface. Capacitance-voltage measurements display a sharp pinch-off with a depleted GaN buffer layer and no measurable charge accumulation at the substrate-epi interface. Transmission line measurements on the GaN HEMT buffer and substrate indicate a loss of less than 0.2 dB/mm up to 20 GHz. An average sheet resistance of 443 Ω/sq with a standard deviation of 0.8% and a mobility of 1600 cm2/V s were obtained for an Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN HEMT. Transistors were fabricated with a current density of 1.2 A/mm and a transconductance of 290 mS/mm which is quite comparable to GaN HEMTs on SiC.
BCR/ABL P210 and P190 cause distinct leukemia in transgenic mice (1995)

DNA constructs encoding BCR/ABL P210 have been introduced into the mouse germ line using microinjection of one-cell fertilized eggs. Kinetics of BCR/ABL P210 expression in transgenic mice were very similar to those of BCR/ABL P190 constructs in transgenic mice. mRNA transcripts were detectable early in embryonic development and also in hematopoietic tissue of adult animals. Expression of BCR/ABL in peripheral blood preceded development of overt disease. P210 founder and progeny transgenic animals, when becoming ill, developed leukemia of B, T-lymphoid, or myeloid origin after a relatively long latency period. In contrast, P190-transgenic mice exclusively developed leukemia of B-cell origin, with a relatively short period of latency. The observed dissimilarities are most likely due to intrinsically different properties of the P190 and P210 oncoproteins and may also involve sequences that control transgene expression. The delayed progression of BCR/ABL P210-associated disease in the transgenic mice is consistent with the apparent indolence of human chronic myeloid leukemia during the chronic phase. We conclude that, in transgenic models, comparable expression of BCR/ABL P210 and BCR/ABL P190 results in clinically distinct conditions.
The protective effects of allopurinol and superoxide dismutase on noise‐induced cochlear damage (1993)

Several studies have demonstrated that noise exposure may result in local vasoconstriction of cochlear vessels. The subsequent decrease in cochlear blood flow may lead to hypoxia and predispose to the formation of free oxygen radicals (FORs). If hypoxia occurs in response to noise exposure, then drugs that scavenge or block the formation of FORs should protect the cochlea from damage resulting from hypoxic or ischemic events as well as noise trauma. Rats were exposed to 60 hours of continuous broad-band noise (90 dB SPL) and treated with superoxide dismutase-polyethylene glycol (SOD-PEG), allopurinol, or a control vehicle. Exposure to noise resulted in significant threshold shifts at each frequency tested (3, 8, 12, and 18 kHz) as measured by tone burst-evoked compound action potentials and cochlear microphonics recorded from the round window. Both of these thresholds in drug-treated animals were attenuated compared with animals exposed to noise alone. These findings show that SOD-PEG and allopurinol may preserve cochlear sensitivity associated with noise exposure. This suggests that noise-induced damage to the cochlea may be related to the activity of FORs.
Pioglitazone in the treatment of NASH: the role of adiponectin (2010)

Adiponectin exerts an important metabolic role at the level of the liver, and its increase during pioglitazone treatment is critical to reverse insulin resistance and improve liver histology in NASH patients.
The chemopreventive agent oltipraz possesses potent antiangiogenic activity in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo and inhibits tumor xenograft growth. (2002)

Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and represents a key target for chemopreventive intervention. On the basis of the structural features and lack of target organ specificity of the synthetic dithiolethione oltipraz, inhibition of angiogenesis was assessed as a potential mechanism for its broad-based chemopreventive activity. The effects of oltipraz on the development and maturation of a vascular network was determined in vitro using two-dimensional capillary tube formation assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells plated on Matrigel and ex vivo using primary rat aortic ring explant cultures in three-dimensional collagen gels, respectively. The antiangiogenic and antitumor efficacy of oltipraz administration in vivo in nude mice was evaluated by determining its effects on neovascularization in s.c. Matrigel implants seeded with vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor-stimulated porcine aortic endothelial cells and on tumor growth and angiogenesis in SVR murine angiosarcoma xenografts implanted s.c. A dose-dependent reduction (0.4-100 microM) in microvessel formation was observed in both human and rodent bioassays after oltipraz exposure, with inhibition approaching 100% in the rat aortic ring assay at the highest concentration (P < 0.01). Similarly, oltipraz (40 microM) inhibited complete capillary tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells by 62% (P < 0.05) relative to control cultures. p.o. administration of oltipraz (250 mg/kg/day for 6 days) to nude mice implanted with porcine aortic endothelial cell-Matrigel plugs resulted in a 42% reduction in neovascularization (P < 0.05) relative to vehicle-treated control mice. Administration of the same dose of oltipraz to athymic mice bearing established s.c. SVR angiosarcoma xenografts for 10 days resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth as early as day 4 of dosing (P < 0.005), with a maximum inhibition of tumor growth (81%, P < 0.001) relative vehicle-treated mice by day 10. The observed efficacy of oltipraz in this model is comparable with that of SU 5416 and TNP-470, known antiangiogenic agents currently under clinical development. Plasma levels of oltipraz at the termination of in vivo efficacy studies were 66.4 +/- 7 microM as determined by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography, a concentration range associated with significant antiangiogenic activity of oltipraz in vitro and ex vivo. These data suggest that the chemopreventive agent oltipraz may be effective in the treatment of advanced stage cancers and metastases, in part, because of its antiangiogenic activity in vivo.