gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current Trends in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2000)

Surgical management of the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee has evolved from primary repair to extracapsular augmentation to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using biologic tissue grafts. The technique of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has improved over the last few decades with the aid of knowledge gained from basic science and clinical research. The biology and biomechanics of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were analyzed in the previously published first part of this article. In this second part, current operative concepts of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as well as clinical correlations are discussed. The latest information regarding anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is presented with a goal of demonstrating the correlation between the application of basic science knowledge and the improvement of clinical outcomes.
Decoupling optical function and geometrical form using conformal flexible dielectric metasurfaces (2016)

Physical geometry and optical properties of objects are correlated: cylinders focus light to a line, spheres to a point and arbitrarily shaped objects introduce optical aberrations. Multi-functional components with decoupled geometrical form and optical function are needed when specific optical functionalities must be provided while the shapes are dictated by other considerations like ergonomics, aerodynamics or aesthetics. Here we demonstrate an approach for decoupling optical properties of objects from their physical shape using thin and flexible dielectric metasurfaces which conform to objects' surface and change their optical properties. The conformal metasurfaces are composed of silicon nano-posts embedded in a polymer substrate that locally modify near-infrared (λ=915 nm) optical wavefronts. As proof of concept, we show that cylindrical lenses covered with metasurfaces can be transformed to function as aspherical lenses focusing light to a point. The conformal metasurface concept is highly versatile for developing arbitrarily shaped multi-functional optical devices.
Synthetic schistosomicides. XVI. 5-(Mono- and dialkylamino)-2-nitrosophenols, 2-amino-5-(dialkylamino)phenols, and related compounds (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic schistosomicides. XVI. 5-(Mono- and dialkylamino)-2-nitrosophenols, 2-amino-5-(dialkylamino)phenols, and related compoundsEdward F. Elslager and Donald F. WorthCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 3, 370–376Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00297a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00297a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views608Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new sequence isomer of AB‐polybenzimidazole for high‐temperature PEM fuel cells (2011)

Abstract A new sequence isomer of AB‐polybenzimidazole (AB‐PBI) was developed as a candidate for high‐temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. A diacid monomer, 2,2′‐bisbenzimidazole‐5,5′‐dicarboxylic acid, was synthesized and polymerized with 3,3′,4,4′‐tetraaminobiphenyl to prepare a polymer that was composed of repeating 2,5‐benzimidazole units. In contrast to previously prepared AB‐PBI, which contains only head‐to‐tail benzimidazole sequences, the new polymer also contains head‐to‐head and tail‐to‐tail benzimidazole sequences. The polymer was prepared in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) and cast into membranes using the sol–gel PPA process. Membranes formed from the new AB‐PBI were found to be mechanically stronger, possessed higher acid doping levels, and showed improved fuel cell performance, when compared to the previously known AB‐PBI. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Degradation Studies of Gamma Irradiated Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (2011)

Degradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) by gamma rays has been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. ESR spectra of irradiated PVAL are recorded in the temperature range of RT. (300 K) – 410 K. The spectrum is basically a triplet with intensity distribution of 1 : 3 : 1 and hyperfine splitting of 35G. The spectrum is assigned to the free radical of the type ~ CH2-C-(OH)-CH2 ~ formed by the cleavage of hydrogen from PVAL on gamma irradiation. The hyperfine pattern gradually increases up to 360 K beyond which the ESR signal gradually decrease with temperature and finally disappeared around 410 K. Free radical concentration at different temperature have been calculated and compared.
Molecular Endocrinology of Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases* (1997)

Introduction II. 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Ketosteroid Isomerase (3-HSD/KSI) A. Physiological and pharmacological significance B. Cloning and expression of the 3-HSD/KSI cDNAs C. Structure, regulation, and tissue-specific expression of the 3-HSD/KSI genes D. 3-HSD deficiencies III. 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases A. Physiological and pharmacological significance B. Cloning and expression of the 17-HSD cDNAs C. Structure, regulation, and tissue-specific expression of the 17-HSD genes D. 17-HSD deficiency IV. 11-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases A. Physiological and pharmacological significance B. Cloning and expression of the 11-HSD cDNAs C. Structure, regulation, and tissue-specific expression of the 11-HSD genes D. 11-HSD deficiency V. 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases A. Physiological and pharmacological significance B. Cloning and expression of the 3-HSD cDNAs C. Structure, regulation, and tissue-specific expression of the 3-HSD genes D. 3-HSD deficiencies VI. 20-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases A. Physiological and pharmacological significance B. Cloning and expression of the 20-HSD cDNAs C. Structure, regulation, and tissue-specific expression of the 20-HSD genes VII. HSDs Belong to Two Protein Families A. HSDs that belong to the SDR superfamily B. HSDs that belong to the AKR superfamily VIII. Structure/Function of HSDs A. Kinetic mechanism of HSDs B. Catalytic mechanism of HSDs C. x-Ray crystal structures of HSDs in the SDR superfamily D. Site-directed mutagenesis on HSDs that are SDR members E. x-Ray crystal structures of HSDs in the AKR superfamily F.
Best practices for missing data management in counseling psychology. (2010)

This article urges counseling psychology researchers to recognize and report how missing data are handled, because consumers of research cannot accurately interpret findings without knowing the amount and pattern of missing data or the strategies that were used to handle those data. Patterns of missing data are reviewed, and some of the common strategies for dealing with them are described. The authors provide an illustration in which data were simulated and evaluate 3 methods of handling missing data: mean substitution, multiple imputation, and full information maximum likelihood. Results suggest that mean substitution is a poor method for handling missing data, whereas both multiple imputation and full information maximum likelihood are recommended alternatives to this approach. The authors suggest that researchers fully consider and report the amount and pattern of missing data and the strategy for handling those data in counseling psychology research and that editors advise researchers of this expectation.
Regio- and Diastereo-Selectivity of Montmorillonite-Catalyzed Oligomerization of Racemic Adenosine 5′-Phosphorimidazolide (2008)

Clay is a possible candidate for an effective catalyst in prebiotic chemical evolution of biomolecules. Montmorillonite was reported to effectively catalyze oligomerization of racemic adenosine 5'-phosphorimidazolide (DL-ImpA). In the oligomerization reaction, considerable amounts of cyclic dimers as well as linear dimers were produced in the oligomerization reactions. To assess the regio- and diastereo-selectivities of the oligomerization reaction, the dimer products including cyclic dimers were completely identified by means of enzymatic degradation reactions of the products.
Soybean seed proteome rebalancing (2014)

The soybean seed's protein content and composition are regulated by both genetics and physiology. Overt seed protein content is specified by the genotype's genetic framework and is selectable as a breeding trait. Within the genotype-specified protein content phenotype soybeans have the capacity to rebalance protein composition to create differing proteomes. Soybeans possess a relatively standardized proteome, but mutation or targeted engineering can induce large-scale proteome rebalancing. Proteome rebalancing shows that the output traits of seed content and composition result from two major types of regulation: genotype and post-transcriptional control of the proteome composition. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that specifies the seed proteome can enable engineering new phenotypes for the production of a high-quality plant protein source for food, feed, and industrial proteins.
Capsular polysaccharide inhibits adhesion of Bifidobacterium longum 105-A to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and phagocytosis by macrophages (2017)

Our results suggest that CPS/EPS production and fimbriae formation are negatively correlated and play key roles in the survival, attachment, and colonization of <i>B. longum</i> 105-A in the gut.
Preventive vaccines for cervical cancer (1997)

The potential use of vaccines for the human papillomavirus (HPV) in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer is a possibility in the near future. Close to 20 genotypes of HPV, of the 75 that have been identified, infect the feminine genital tract, but four subtypes (16, 18, 31 and 45) have been associated in close to 80% of cervical cancers, this article proposes that in order to design an effective prophylactic vaccine against HPV infection, an adequate immune response should be guaranteed through four goals; a) activation of antigens present in the cell; b) overcoming the host response and viral genetic variability in the T cell response; c) generation of high levels of T and B memory cells; and d) persistence of antigens.
Preassociation of IL-15 with IL-15Rα-IgG1-Fc Enhances Its Activity on Proliferation of NK and CD8+/CD44high T Cells and Its Antitumor Action (2008)

In the induction of an immune response, IL-15Ralpha on APCs transpresents IL-15 to NK and CD8(+)/CD44(high) T cells that express the IL-2/15Rbeta and gammac subunits only. In this study, we show data mimicking this transpresentation by using IL-15 preassociated with a chimeric protein that is comprised of the extracellular domain of murine IL-15Ralpha and the Fc portion of human IgG1. When tested in vitro, IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc strongly increased the IL-15-mediated proliferation of murine NK and CD8(+)/CD44(high) T cells. The effect of IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc was dependent on the presence of both IgG1-Fc and IL-15Ralpha. When injected into mice, IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc enhanced the capacity of IL-15 to expand the number of NK and CD8(+)/CD44(high) T cells. The effect on cell numbers in vivo also depended on Fc receptor binding because reduced expansion was observed in FcRgamma(-/-) mice. NK cells cultured in IL-15/IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc complex gained cytotoxic activity toward a number of NK-sensitive targets. When mice bearing the NK-sensitive syngeneic tumor B16 were treated, the presence of IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc increased the antitumor activity of IL-15. Thus, a preassociation with IL-15Ralpha-IgG1-Fc enhances the activities of IL-15 in vivo and in vitro that may be useful in the treatment of tumors.
Genes for the protein antigens of the tuberculosis and leprosy bacilli (1985)

The lambda gt 11 expression vector permitted us to survey protein antigens of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis expressed in Escherichia coli. Using monoclonal antibodies, recombinant clones were detected producing three major antigens of M. tuberculosis and five major protein antigens of M. leprae. These recombinant antigens produced in E. coli should prove useful for diagnosis, epidemiology and possibly the development of recombinant mycobacterial vaccines.
An 11000-fuse electrically erasable programmable logic device (EEPLD) with an extended macrocell (1988)

A high-performance electrically erasable programmable logic device (EEPLD) has been designed and fabricated using a 1.5- mu m n-well CMOS technology. The chip has 11040 fuses which are used not only in the logic array but also in the input/output macrocell. Typical access time for the nonregistered version is 35 ns with a power dissipation of 450 mW. There are 16 input/output macrocells which are architecturally defined by 128 electrically programmable fuses. Die size is 130*230 mils.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Check 21 basics: a quick guide for consumer advocates (2005)

Check 21 is changing how the country?s checks are processed. The Boston Fed?s Carol Lewis answers questions about how this new law affects consumers.
Multisubtrate mechanism for the inward transport of dopamine by the human dopamine transporter expressed in HEK cells and its inhibition by cocaine (1999)

Rotating disk electrode voltammetry was used to measure the time-resolved inward transport of dopamine into human embryonic kidney cells expressing the human transporter for dopamine and a kinetic mechanism of transport is hypothesized. Dopamine transport in this preparation was highly concentrative, with a 10(6)-10(7) inward bias, first order in dopamine and the K(m) and V(max) were found to be 1.6 microM and 18 pmol/sec x 10(6) cells), respectively. The hDAT turnover was estimated to be approximately 18 s(-1) and the second order rate constant of association of dopamine with hDAT was approximately 10(7) M(-1)s(-1). Dopamine transport was found to have a second order dependence on Na(+) (K(Na) approximately 100 mM) and a first order dependence on Cl(-) (K(Cl) approximately 12 mM). Multisubstrate analyses suggested that hDAT operates with an ordered kinetic mechanism in which Na(+) binds first to the transporter protein, dopamine second, and Cl(-) last before translocation of dopamine into or across the membrane. Cocaine competitively inhibited dopamine transport (reaction order of unity and K(i) approximately 0.34 microM) with no discernible effect at the Na(+) and Cl(-) binding sites. These results differ from those of previous studies conducted in preparations of the striatum and nucleus accumbens. Comparisons of the variant results are made and an analysis of the differing apparent kinetic mechanisms is presented.
Personal digital historian (2001)

Desktop computers are not designed for multi-person face-to-face conversation in a social setting. We describe the design of a novel user interface for multi-user interactive informal storytelling. Our design is guided by principles of experience sharing, the disappearing computer, visual navigation, and implicit query formulation.
Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs induce IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-γ production in cells from allergic individuals and inhibit IgE synthesisin vitro (1999)

The effects of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) on cultured cells from allergic patients and non-atopic individuals were investigated. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) CpG-ODN led to a significant increase of IFN-gamma. By intracellular cytokine staining, IFN-gamma production could be attributed to NK cells and inhibition experiments indicated an IL-12-dependent mechanism. Moreover, CpG-ODN increased mRNA expression of IL-12 and IL-18 in PBMC. In this respect, no significant difference between allergic and non-atopic individuals was observed. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells were identified as one IL-12- and IL-18-producing source. In addition, stimulation of PBMC derived from atopic patients with CpG-ODN led to a considerable increase of polyclonal IgG and IgM synthesis. In contrast, the production of total IgE was suppressed. CpG-ODN induced a significant rise of IgG and IgM specific for allergens to which the patients were sensitized, whereas allergen-specific IgE levels remained unchanged. Our data suggest that CpG-ODN display a strong influence on the ongoing immune response and might represent potential adjuvants for specific immunotherapy of type I allergy.
Singlet Exciton Fission in Nanostructured Organic Solar Cells (2011)

Singlet exciton fission is an efficient multiexciton generation process in organic molecules. But two concerns must be satisfied before it can be exploited in low-cost solution-processed organic solar cells. Fission must be combined with longer wavelength absorption in a structure that can potentially surpass the single junction limit, and its efficiency must be demonstrated in nanoscale domains within blended devices. Here, we report organic solar cells comprised of tetracene, copper phthalocyanine, and the buckyball C(60). Short wavelength light generates singlet excitons in tetracene. These are subsequently split into two triplet excitons and transported through the phthalocyanine. In addition, the phthalocyanine absorbs photons below the singlet exciton energy of tetracene. To test tetracene in nanostructured blends, we fabricate coevaporated bulk heterojunctions and multilayer heterojunctions of tetracene and C(60). We measure a singlet fission efficiency of (71 ± 18)%, demonstrating that exciton fission can efficiently compete with exciton dissociation on the nanoscale.
Depression and Diabetes (2000)

Depressive symptom severity is associated with poorer diet and medication regimen adherence, functional impairment, and higher health care costs in primary care diabetic patients. Further studies testing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of enhanced models of care of diabetic patients with depression are needed. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:3278-3285.
Electron Transport Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2004)

A comprehensive review of the literature on electron transport materials (ETMs) used to enhance the performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is presented. The structure−property−performance relationships of many classes of ETMs, both small-molecule- and polymer-based, that have been widely used to improve OLED performance through control of charge injection, transport, and recombination are highlighted. The molecular architecture, electronic structure (electron affinity and ionization potential), thin film processing, thermal stability, morphology, and electron mobility of diverse organic ETMs are discussed and related to their effectiveness in improving OLED performance (efficiency, brightness, and drive voltage). Some issues relating to the experimental procedures for the estimation of relevant material properties such as electron affinity and electron mobility are discussed. The design of multifunctional electroluminescent polymers whereby light emission and electron- and hole-transport properties are combined in one material to achieve efficient single-layer OLEDs is also discussed. The review concludes with a brief perspective on the challenges that future research should address.
MMP12, Lung Function, and COPD in High-Risk Populations (2009)

The minor allele of a SNP in MMP12 (rs2276109) is associated with a positive effect on lung function in children with asthma and in adults who smoke. This allele is also associated with a reduced risk of COPD in adult smokers.
A New Reduced-Complexity Sphere Decoder with True Lattice-Boundary-Awareness for Multi-Antenna Systems (2005)

Maximum-likelihood (ML) detection in a multi-antenna system can be cast as a problem of closest point search in a finite lattice, which can then be efficiently solved by a sphere decoder. Although the state-of-art sphere decoding algorithms proposed by M.G. Damen et al. (see IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, 2003) have considered the finiteness of the lattice, many points outside the finite lattice are still tested, resulting in much unnecessary computation. We address this problem by incorporating true lattice-boundary-awareness, such that testing on any point outside the finite lattice is completely avoided. This new lattice-boundary-aware sphere decoder offers two important advantages: (i) compared to the sphere decoder proposed by Damen et al., it achieves up to 32% reduction in the number of multiplications and up to 39% in the number of additions; (ii) the complexity reduction tends to increase as SNR decreases. The proposed approach can thus significantly relax the requirements on hardware implementation of the sphere decoder.
Multiple polyadenylation sites in a mouse α-amylase gene (1981)

Two alpha-amylase mRNAs which differ in the length of their 3' non-translated region accumulate in the cytoplasm in both mouse liver and salivary gland tissues. The two species in each tissue are transcribed from the same gene (Amy-1A). The minor species is approximately 20-nucleotides preceding the poly(A) tract. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA shows that these extra 237 nucleotides are specified by sequences contiguous to those shared by the two mRNAs. These data demonstrate that transcription can proceed through the major polyadenylation site and that alternative polyadenylation sites are used in the Amy-1A gene. Sequences which trail the two polyadenylation sites exhibit extensive homology and might therefore be involved in polyadenylation or transcription termination.