gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Gesture-Based Interface for Seamless Communication between Real and Virtual Worlds (2000)

This paper proposes a gesture-based direct manipulation interface that can be used for data transfer among informational artifacts. Grasp and Drop (Throw) by hand gestures allows a user to grasp an object on a computer screen and drop (throw) it on other artifacts without touching them. Using the interface, a user can operate some artifacts in the mixed reality world in a seamless manner, and learn this interaction style easily. Based on this interaction technique, we developed a prototype of presentation system using Microsoft PowerPoint, a wall size screen, computer screens and a printer. The presentation system with gestures allows a presenter to navigate through PowerPoint slides and transfer a slide from one computer screen to another. We conducted an experiment which evaluate the interaction style of gestures and analyzed the user's satisfaction with a questionnaire. The result shows that the overall mean of successful recognition is 96.9 %, and the learning of the system is easy.
Plasma expansion by polyethylene-glycol-modified albumin (2004)

Systemic inflammatory response conditions are associated with capillary leak and haemodynamic compromise. Fluid resuscitation to reverse the ensuing hypovolaemia is, however, complicated by the decreased endothelium reflection coefficient to albumin and other colloids. We developed PEG-Alb (albumin covalently linked to polyethylene glycol) as a potential resuscitative agent. PEG was covalently linked to human albumin at multiple sites on the protein. The modified protein was heterogeneous when examined by SDS/PAGE, size-exclusion chromatography and SELDI-TOF MS (surface-enhanced laser-desorption ionization-time of flight MS). Based on size-exclusion chromatography and osmotic pressure data, the effective volume of PEG-Alb is increased 13- to 16-fold compared with unmodified albumin. In an LPS (lipopolysaccharide) model of shock, rats treated with PEG-Alb showed better blood pressure, lower Hct (haematocrit) consistent with haemodilution and less lung injury than rats treated with unmodified albumin or saline. In a CLP (caecal ligation and puncture) model of sepsis, PEG-Alb was more effective than albumin or saline in maintaining blood pressure and in decreasing Hct. When fluorescein-labelled PEG-Alb and Texas Red-labelled albumin were administered to rats with LPS- or CLP-induced shock, PEG-Alb was retained within blood vessels, whereas albumin extravasates into the interstitial space. Based on these data, PEG-Alb appears to be retained within blood vessels in models of capillary leak. PEG-Alb may ultimately be effective in the clinical treatment of shock associated with capillary leak.
Tailoring closely packed gel–particle systems for use as thickening agents (1977)

Abstract When used as a thickening agent in aqueous suspension, hydrolyzed starch–polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer (H‐SPAN) has broadly variable rheological properties, such as viscosity, storage modulus, and stress overshoot characteristics. A series of H‐SPAN preparations with variable swelling ratio Q were made by pretreating portions of stock material. As 1% suspensions in water, they had viscosities η that were non‐Newtonian. At a constant shear rate, η of the suspensions depended on Q and had a sharp maximum in the midrange of Q . In terms of reduced concentration cQ , where c is weight fraction of polymer, the highest η occurred when cQ was approximately 2. With isoionic dilution, each suspension had a constant reduced viscosity function, η/ cQ , provided cQ &gt; 2. The value of η/ cQ fell rapidly when cQ approached 1. All thickeners of the closely packed gel–particle type so far examined have this relation of the reduced variables. The shear modulus calculated from measurements of primary normal force and corrected for solvent swelling, according to theory for rubber for elasticity, was essentially constant for each suspension measured during isoionic dilution to cQ = 2. The density of crosslinks calculated from the modulus was extremely low for all samples. The variable rheological properties of the preparations resulted primarily from differences in their low effective crosslink densities.
The Haemophilus influenzae HMW1 Adhesin Is a Glycoprotein with an Unusual N-Linked Carbohydrate Modification (2008)

The Haemophilus influenzae HMW1 adhesin mediates adherence to respiratory epithelial cells, a critical early step in the pathogenesis of H. influenzae disease. In recent work, we demonstrated that HMW1 undergoes glycosylation. In addition, we observed that glycosylation of HMW1 is essential for HMW1 tethering to the bacterial surface, a prerequisite for HMW1-mediated adherence to host epithelium. In this study, we examined HMW1 proteolytic fragments by mass spectrometry, achieved 89% amino acid sequence coverage, and identified 31 novel modification sites. All of the modified sites were asparagine residues, in all but one case in the conventional consensus sequence of N-linked glycans, viz. NX(S/T). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis using a hybrid linear quadrupole ion trap Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometer, accurate mass measurements, and deuterium exchange studies established that the modifying glycan structures were mono- or dihexoses rather than the N-acetylated chitobiosyl core that is characteristic of N-glycosylation. This unusual carbohydrate modification suggests that HMW1 glycosylation requires a glycosyltransferase with a novel activity.
Organic compatible solutes of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms (2005)

Microorganisms that adapt to moderate and high salt environments use a variety of solutes, organic and inorganic, to counter external osmotic pressure. The organic solutes can be zwitterionic, noncharged, or anionic (along with an inorganic cation such as K(+)). The range of solutes, their diverse biosynthetic pathways, and physical properties of the solutes that effect molecular stability are reviewed.
The economic implications of bush encroachment and bush control in a weaner calf production system in the Thorn Bushveld of the Molopo area. (1987)

An urgent need exists for economically viable treatment costs to serve as directives for bush control in the Molopo area. In this paper such directive treatment costs are calculated. Research has shown that bush encroachment suppresses untilizable veld production for cattle by 970 kg. Dry matter per ha. This results in a decrease in grazing capacity from 8, 7 ha/LSU to 45, 8 ha/LSU. An economic analysis of bush control at different bush densities was made on this basis. Income (11, 76%) and cost (15, 86%) are adapted annually for 20 years and discounted for the same period to net present value at a rate of 12%. A computer model was developed to estimate the economically viable treatment cost for bush control at different bush densities and different effective treatment lifespans.Keywords: afrikaans; bush control; bush control cost; bush density; bush encroachment; cattle; computer model; dry matter production; economics; english; grazing capacity; molopo district; net present value; thorn bushveld
Crystallographic Characterization of Stepwise Changes in Ligand Conformations as Their Internal Topology Changes and Two Novel Cross-Bridged Tetraazamacrocyclic Copper(II) Complexes (1999)

The parallel syntheses of two new cross-bridged tetraazamacrocyclic complexes whose ligands are derived from 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam = 14N4) and rac-1,4,8,11-tetraaza-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethylcyclotetradecane (tetB = 14N4Me(6)) have been characterized through the crystal structure determination of every stepwise intermediate ligand in the multistep ligand syntheses. These structures show that although the final ligand skeletons are nearly identical, the immediate precursors differ greatly because of the six additional methyl groups of the 14N4Me(6) macrocycle. The inversion from one diastereomer to another of the tetracycle derived from rac-14N4Me(6) has been chemically induced through the successive addition of methyl groups to the reactive tertiary nitrogens, and the novel heterocycles produced have been crystallographically characterized with one showing a conformation not previously known for these systems. The structures of the two copper(II) complexes have significant geometrical differences, and accordingly, their electrochemical and spectroscopic properties are compared. The complexes exhibit remarkable kinetic stability under harsh conditions.
Soft printing of droplets digitized by electrowetting (2004)

This paper describes a new way of printing, enabled by electric control and geometric utilization of surface tension. The printing is performed by contact between liquid droplets and a solid printing surface (e.g. a glass plate), with neither solid-solid contact nor droplet ejection. The droplets are formed prior to the printing by electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) so that the droplet volume is not affected by the printing surface or environment. Micromachining processes have been developed to accommodate active liquid digitization and passive droplet transfer in the testing device. Successful printings of water and diluted DNA solution droplets (/spl sim/100 nl) were demonstrated. Incorporated with EWOD, this printing mechanism is capable of programming the sizes and positions of printed spots using multiple nozzles and various droplet volumes.
A method to unmix multiple fluorophores in microscopy images with minimal a priori information (2009)

The ability to quantify the fluorescence signals from multiply labeled biological samples is highly desirable in the life sciences but often difficult, because of spectral overlap between fluorescent species and the presence of autofluorescence. Several so called unmixing algorithms have been developed to address this problem. Here, we present a novel algorithm that combines measurements of lifetime and spectrum to achieve unmixing without a priori information on the spectral properties of the fluorophore labels. The only assumption made is that the lifetimes of the fluorophores differ. Our method combines global analysis for a measurement of lifetime distributions with singular value decomposition to recover individual fluorescence spectra. We demonstrate the technique on simulated datasets and subsequently by an experiment on a biological sample. The method is computationally efficient and straightforward to implement. Applications range from histopathology of complex and multiply labelled samples to functional imaging in live cells.
Design and synthesis of a C7 mimetic for the predicted .gamma.-turn conformation found in several constrained RGD antagonists (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of a C7 mimetic for the predicted .gamma.-turn conformation found in several constrained RGD antagonistsJames F. Callahan, John W. Bean, Joelle L. Burgess, Drake S. Eggleston, Shing Mei Hwang, Kenneth D. Kopple, Paul F. Koster, Andrew Nichols, Catherine E. Peishoff, and Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 21, 3970–3972Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00099a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00099a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase I study of taxol using a 5-day intermittent schedule. (1986)

Taxol is a plant product derived from the western yew, Taxus brevifolia. We have conducted a phase I clinical study of Taxol used intravenously daily for 5 days at 3-week intervals. The starting dose was 5 mg/m2 daily, and the highest dose used was 40 mg/m2 daily for 5 days. The daily dosage of Taxol was mixed in 250 mL of intravenous fluid and infused over a period of 1 hour. A total of 20 patients with metastatic solid tumors refractory to standard therapy received 45 courses of therapy. Taxol was generally well tolerated and caused no significant nausea or vomiting. A mild degree of diarrhea was reported by six patients, and a moderate degree of stomatitis at the higher dose levels developed in four patients. All patients treated in the dosage range of 20 mg/m2 to 40 mg/m2 experienced nearly complete alopecia. Myelosuppression, predominantly in the form of leukopenia, was the dose-limiting toxicity. The nadir of leukopenia was reached between days 8 and 12 followed by complete recovery between days 15 and 21. Leukopenia was first observed following the Taxol dosage level of 20 mg/m2/d, was moderately severe at the dosage level of 30 mg/m2/d, and was severe at the dosage level of 40 mg/m2/d. No objective tumor regression was observed. A starting dosage level of 30 mg/m2/d for 5 days is recommended for phase II trials using this schedule.
A real time downlink channel allocation scheme for an SDMA mobile radio system (2002)

In SDMA mobile radio systems where only base stations, but no mobiles are equipped with antenna arrays, co-channel interference on the downlink has to be kept down by beamforming. The performance of the beamformer is determined by the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the users operating in the same frequency/time/code slot. Thus the full capacity of an SDMA cell can only be made use of by an effective channel allocation scheme. In this paper, a real time concept for channel allocation is presented. Furthermore, several criteria to quickly evaluate the spatial separability of subsets of users, were defined and then compared to each other by means of simulations.
Numbers-a medium that counts (spreadsheet software) (1991)

The use of spreadsheets to bring hypermedia to the office is proposed. It is argued that the numeric cell is a powerful generic object type, and its use is explored. The application of Hypercalc (a prototype hypermedia spreadsheet constructed by combining an authoring interface with a series of video device drivers written for Informix's Wingz, a graphical spreadsheet with a built-in scripting language) to a business case study is described. The tools of the resulting environment, called Hypercase, are discussed. The limitations of the traditional monomedia approach to business case studies are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Manufacturing of high aspect-ratio p-n junctions using vapor phase doping for application in multi-Resurf devices (2003)

A new technique to manufacture vertical Resurf devices is presented, in which the alternating p-n junctions in the drift region are formed by a combination of trench etching and vapor phase doping (VPD). Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) was performed to investigate these deep p-n junctions, showing a uniform doping profile along the full depth of the devices. Electrical measurements on such Resurf diodes display an increase in breakdown voltage from 30 V to 145 V for a device with a 10 /spl mu/m deep drift region doped at 3.5/spl times/10/sup 16/ cm/sup -3/. Such a concept leads to prediction of a specific on-resistance well below the silicon limit for an equivalent MOSFET.
Purification of the low density lipoprotein receptor, an acidic glycoprotein of 164,000 molecular weight. (1982)

This paper describes a rapid two-step procedure for the purification of the low density lipoprotein receptor from bovine adrenal cortex membranes. After solubilization with nonionic detergents, the receptor adheres tightly to a DEAE-cellulose column at pH 6. Following elution from DEAE-cellulose, detergent is removed, leaving the receptor in a soluble form. The receptor is then subjected to affinity chromatography on low density lipoprotein coupled to Sepharose 4B. The receptor is eluted with suramin, a newly-found inhibitor of low density lipoprotein-receptor interactions. This procedure yields a single protein with a molecular weight of 164,000. The same protein is also isolated when the crude DEAE-cellulose fraction is applied to an immunoaffinity column containing a monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor. The 164,000-dalton receptor protein has an acidic isoelectric point of 4.6, which rises to 4.8 after extensive treatment with neuraminidase. The purified receptor retains all of the binding properties of the receptor of intact cells and crude membranes.
Systems Biology Approach for Cancer Vaccine Development and Evaluation (2015)

Therapeutic cancer vaccines do not hold promise yet as an effective anti-cancer treatment. Lack of efficacy or poor clinical outcomes are due to several antigenic and immunological aspects that need to be addressed in order to reverse such trends and significantly improve cancer vaccines' efficacy. The newly developed high throughput technologies and computational tools are instrumental to this aim allowing the identification of more specific antigens and the comprehensive analysis of the innate and adaptive immunities. Here, we review the potentiality of systems biology in providing novel insights in the mechanisms of the action of vaccines to improve their design and effectiveness.
Immunosuppression by activated human neutrophils. Dependence on the myeloperoxidase system. (1987)

An in vitro model system was used to define the mechanism of interaction between human neutrophils and lymphocytes. Blood mononuclear leukocytes were exposed to purified neutrophils in the presence of a neutrophil-activating agent (phorbol ester, lectin, or opsonized particle). The treated mononuclear cells displayed a marked decrease in both natural killer activity and mitogen-dependent DNA synthesis, but no change in viability. This functional suppression was dependent on neutrophil number, stimulus concentration, and duration of exposure. Lymphocytes were protected by addition of catalase, but not superoxide dismutase. Neutrophils defective in oxidative metabolism (chronic granulomatous disease) failed to suppress lymphocyte function unless an H2O2-generating system, glucose oxidase plus glucose, was added. The patients' neutrophils provided a factor, possibly myeloperoxidase, which interacted with the glucose oxidase system. The immunosuppressive effect of normal neutrophils was diminished when chloride was omitted from the cultures and was enhanced when chloride was replaced by iodide. Myeloperoxidase-deficient neutrophils were partially defective in suppressing lymphocytes and this was corrected by addition of purified myeloperoxidase. Paradoxically, azide caused enhancement of suppression that depended on the neutrophil oxidative burst, but not on myeloperoxidase and was mediated at least in part by an effect of azide on the target mononuclear leukocytes. These data indicate that suppression of lymphocyte function by activated neutrophils is mediated by the secretion of myeloperoxidase and H2O2 that react with halides to form immunosuppressive products. Moreover, the mononuclear leukocytes contain an azide-sensitive factor, probably catalase, which provides partial protection against injury by neutrophil products. These dynamic interactions may be important local determinants of the immune response.
Adenosylcobalamin inhibits ribosome binding to btuB RNA (2000)

Expression of the btuB gene encoding the outer membrane cobalamin transporter in Escherichia coli is strongly reduced on growth with cobalamins. Previous studies have shown that this regulation occurs in response to adenosylcobalamin (Ado-Cbl) and operates primarily at the translational level. Changes in the level and stability of btuB RNA are consequences of the modulated translation initiation. To examine how Ado-Cbl affects translation, the binding of E. coli 30S ribosomal subunits to btuB RNA was investigated by using a primer extension inhibition assay. Ribosome binding to btuB RNA was much less efficient than to other RNAs and was preferentially lost when the ribosomes were subjected to a high-salt wash. Ribosome binding to btuB RNA was inhibited by Ado-Cbl but not by cyanocobalamin, with half-maximal inhibition around 0.3 microM Ado-Cbl. Ribosome-binding activity was increased or decreased by mutations in the btuB leader region, which affected two predicted RNA hairpins and altered expression of btuB-lacZ reporters. Finally, the presence of Ado-Cbl elicited formation of a single primer extension-inhibition product with the same specificity and Cbl-concentration dependence as the inhibition of ribosome binding. These results indicate that btuB expression is controlled by the specific binding of Ado-Cbl to btuB RNA, which then affects access to its ribosome-binding sequence.
Outsourced Similarity Search on Metric Data Assets (2010)

This paper considers a cloud computing setting in which similarity querying of metric data is outsourced to a service provider. The data is to be revealed only to trusted users, not to the service provider or anyone else. Users query the server for the most similar data objects to a query example. Outsourcing offers the data owner scalability and a low-initial investment. The need for privacy may be due to the data being sensitive (e.g., in medicine), valuable (e.g., in astronomy), or otherwise confidential. Given this setting, the paper presents techniques that transform the data prior to supplying it to the service provider for similarity queries on the transformed data. Our techniques provide interesting trade-offs between query cost and accuracy. They are then further extended to offer an intuitive privacy guarantee. Empirical studies with real data demonstrate that the techniques are capable of offering privacy while enabling efficient and accurate processing of similarity queries.