gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning and characterization of a plastidal and a mitochondrial isoform of tobacco protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (1997)

Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase is the last enzyme in the common pathway of heme and chlorophyll synthesis and provides precursor for the mitochondrial and plastidic heme synthesis and the predominant chlorophyll synthesis in plastids. We cloned two different, full-length tobacco cDNA sequences by complementation of the protoporphyrin-IX-accumulating Escherichia coli hemG mutant from heme auxotrophy. The two sequences show similarity to the recently published Arabidopsis PPOX, Bacillus subtilis hemY, and to mammalian sequences encoding protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase. One cDNA sequence encodes a 548-amino acid residues protein with a putative transit sequence of 50 amino acid residues, and the second cDNA encodes a protein of 504 amino acid residues. Both deduced protein sequences share 27.2% identical amino acid residues. The first in vitro translated protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase could be translocated to plastids, and the approximately 53-kDa mature protein was detected in stroma and membrane fraction. The second enzyme was targeted to mitochondria without any detectable reduction in size. Localization of both enzymes in subcellular fractions was immunologically confirmed. Steady-state RNA analysis indicates an almost synchronous expression of both genes during tobacco plant development, greening of young seedlings, and diurnal and circadian growth. The mature plastidal and the mitochondrial isoenzyme were overexpressed in E. coli. Bacterial extracts containing the recombinant mitochondrial enzyme exhibit high protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase activity relative to control strains, whereas the plastidal enzyme could only be expressed as an inactive peptide. The data presented confirm a compartmentalized pathway of tetrapyrrole synthesis with protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase in plastids and mitochondria.
The synthesis of metal oxide nanowires by directly heating metal samples in appropriate oxygen atmospheres (2003)

ZnO, MgO, and GeO2 nanowires were successfully synthesized by simply heating the desired metal powder to a temperature above its melting point in a flow of mixed gases (20% O2, 80% Ar, with the total flow rate of 120 sccm). Transmission electron microscopy observations show that as-synthesized products are exclusively nanowires, structurally uniform and single crystalline. The same technique was used to fabricate arrays of ZnO nanowires on silicon substrates, which would be of particular interest for direct integration in the current silicon-technology-based optoelectronic devices. Based on our experimental results, a metal self-catalytic growth mechanism was proposed and described conceptually. Because of the absence of impurities such as transition metal or noble metal throughout the whole growth process, the intrinsic properties of the resulting metal oxide nanowires could be expressed and utilized. And with in-depth understanding of the growth mechanism, our method could be efficient and controllable in extension to many other low-melting-point metals, such as Al, In, and Sn, for the synthesis of corresponding metal oxide nanostructures.
Increased adiponectin receptor-1 expression in adipose tissue of impaired glucose-tolerant obese subjects during weight loss (2006)

In the NGT group, the 3-week VLCD inducing weight loss did not modify metabolic parameters, insulin sensitivity and the expression of the adiponectin system in adipose tissue. By contrast, in the IGT group, AdipoR1 expression increased and we found a coordinate regulation of the expression of adiponectin and its receptors. These modifications could participate, through adiponectin action on adipocytes, to the improved metabolic parameters observed in IGT subjects.
Phase I trial of NPI-2358 (a novel vascular disrupting agent) plus docetaxel (2009)

3571 Background: NPI-2358 is a vascular disrupting agent (VDA) that destabilizes tumor vascular endothelial cell architecture resulting in selective collapse of established tumor vasculature. In murine tumor models NPI-2358 produces tumor regression alone and synergistically with agents such as paclitaxel, docetaxel (TXT) and irinotecan, often with decreased toxicity. Methods: The objective was to determine the Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of NPI-2358 in combination with TXT. Patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC or other malignancies where TXT use was appropriate were enrolled. Patients received 75 mg/m 2 TXT every 21 days. NPI-2358 was administered IV 2 hours after TXT on Day 1, and alone on Day 8. The dose of NPI-2358 was escalated from the single agent biologic effect dose (BED) of 13.5 mg/m 2 to the single agent RP2D of 30 mg/m 2 using a 3+3 design. PK was assessed on Days 1 and 8. Results: 13 patients were enrolled of whom 10 had NSCLC. At all dose levels adverse events were consistent with those of both agents given alone. Adverse events commonly associated with NPI-2358 were seen, including nausea, vomiting, fatigue, fever, tumor pain and transient blood pressure elevations. One DLT of nausea, vomiting, dehydration and neutropenia occurred at 30mg/m 2 . PK analysis did not indicate a drug-drug interaction. Of the patients with NSCLC, 8 had measureable disease of which 2 demonstrated a partial response (PR), with 4 others having lesser regressions. The RP2D was thus 30 mg/m 2 of NPI-2358 with 75 mg/m 2 TXT. Conclusions: The combination of full dose NPI-2358 and TXT is tolerable. Although a limited data set, activity appears favorable relative to the 5–10% response rate reported with TXT alone in this population. Based on these results, efficacy is now being assessed in Phase 2 (the ADVANCE study), a randomized comparison of TXT ± 30 mg/m 2 of NPI-2358 in 2 nd - line NSCLC. Of note, entry criteria allow patients with squamous cell carcinoma, as VDAs do not appear to result in unfavorable outcomes associated with some other agents in this sub-population. [Table: see text]
Statistical Analysis of Concentration Records (1979)

A time-series analysis of continous records of total discharge concentration of bed material from tests in a laboratory flume defines experimental values of the mean statistical parameters (mean concentration, standard deviation of the concentration fluctuations, and mean spectral frequency) as well as the probability and spectral distribution functions. The mean concentration and standard deviation are closely related only to the Froude number of the flow, but the mean spectral frequency and the normalized spectra and probability functions exhibit additional variability that may be attributed to a combined influence of water temperature and flow variables. That the mean concentration was only about 1.6 times the standard deviation illustrates the extreme variability of concentration data.
MASS BREEDING OF GRAM POD BORER, HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA (HUBNER) ON SEMI-SYNTHETIC DIET AND ITS BIOLOGICAL STUDIES (1987)

International audience
The rabbit neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptor. cDNA cloning, expression, and structure/function implications (1993)

The rabbit neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) has been well studied for its ligand binding properties. Recent gene cloning experiments have established the existence of a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors that share extensive sequence homology with the FPR, yet lack the capability of high affinity binding to FMLP. These findings prompted us to identify the structural requirement for formyl peptide ligand binding by delineation of the primary structure of the rabbit FPR. A rabbit neutrophil cDNA library was screened with a cloned human FPR cDNA probe and the insert of one positive isolate (B6) was sequenced. The 1268-bp cDNA insert encodes a peptide of 352 amino acids. Stably transfected L cell fibroblasts expressing the rabbit cDNA displayed specific binding of the ligand fMet-Leu-[3H]Phe with two affinities (Kd = 0.31 and 7.5 nM). Addition of the nonhydrolyzable guanosine triphosphate analogue, GTP gamma S, converted > or = 85% of the high affinity sites to the low affinity sites. FMLP induced mobilization of intracellular calcium in the transfected cells (EC50 = 0.5 nM), a response sensitive to pertussis toxin. FMLP stimulation desensitized the receptor such that subsequent stimulation with the same ligand produced a significantly reduced signal. These results indicate that the cloned rabbit receptor represents a high affinity FPR, and that FPR-mediated early signal transduction events can be fully reconstituted in transfected mammalian cells. The rabbit FPR sequence is 78% identical to that of the human FPR, and 68% identical to FPR2, a homologue of FPR with a low binding affinity (Kd > or = 400 nM) for FMLP. Analysis of the aligned sequences of these three proteins revealed that: 1) the amino termini and the second extracellular loops have the lowest sequence homology; 2) sequence in the intracellular domains that couple to G protein are highly conserved; and 3) the first and the third extracellular loops and their adjacent transmembrane domains of the FPR may contain residues essential for the high affinity binding of FMLP.
Physical linkage of mouse lambda genes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggests that the rearrangement process favors proximate target sequences. (1989)

The first complete map of a mammalian immunoglobulin gene locus is presented. Mouse lambda genes were mapped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The gene order is V2-Vx-C2-C4-V1-C3-C1. The distance between V2 or Vx and the C2-C4 cluster is 74 or 55 kilobases (kb), respectively, whereas that between V1 and C3-C1 is only 19 kb; V2 and C3-C1 are at least 190 kb apart. Thus, the distances between the lambda subloci are inversely proportional to their frequencies of rearrangement. The related gene lambda 5 is not within the 500 kb of the lambda locus mapped here.
Non-blinking Semiconductor Nanocrystals (2009)

The photoluminescence from single semiconductor nanocrystals exhibits intensity fluctuations, known as “blinking.” We will discuss core-shell CdZnSe/ZnSe nanocrystals that exhibit continuous, non-blinking photoluminescence, and how these nanocrystals may enable breakthroughs in photonics applications.
Development of a core RFLP map in maize using an immortalized F2 population. (1993)

A map derived from restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in maize (Zea mays L.) is presented. The map was constructed in an immortalized Tx303 x CO159 F2 mapping population that allowed for an unlimited number of markers to be mapped and pooled F3 seed to be distributed to other laboratories. A total of 215 markers consisting of 159 genomic clones, 16 isozymes and 35 cloned genes of defined function have been placed on 10 chromosomes. An examination of segregation data has revealed several genomic regions with aberrant segregation ratios favoring either parent or the heterozygote. Mapping of cloned genes and isozymes that have been previously mapped by functional criteria has provided 29 points of alignment with the classical maize genetic map. Screening of all mapped RFLP probes against a collection of U.S. Corn Belt germplasm using EcoRI, HindIII and EcoRV has resulted in a set of 97 core markers being defined. The designation of a set of core markers allows the maize genome to be subdivided into a series of bins which serve as the backbone for maize genetic information and database boundaries. The merits and applications of core markers and bins are discussed.
Methylene Blue-Containing Silica-Coated Magnetic Particles:  A Potential Magnetic Carrier for Photodynamic Therapy (2007)

We present the preparation and characterization of methylene blue-containing silica-coated magnetic particles. The entrapment of methylene blue (MB), a photodynamic therapy drug under study in our group, in the silica matrix took place during the growth of a silica layer over a magnetic core composed of magnetite nanoparticles. The resulting material was charaterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), light scattering, and X-ray diffraction. It is composed of ∼30 nm silica spheres containing magnetic particles of 11 ± 2 nm and methylene blue entrapped in the silica matrix. The imobilized drug can generate singlet oxygen, which was detected by its characteristic phosphorescence decay curve in the near-infrared and by a chemical method using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran to trap singlet oxygen. The lifetime of singlet oxygen was determined to be 52 μs (in acetonitrile) and 3 μs (in water), with both values being in good agreement with those in the literature. The release of singlet oxygen (ηΔ) was affected by the encapsultation of MB in the silica matrix, which caused a reduction to 6% of the quantum yield of MB free in solution. The magnetization curve confirmed the superparamagnetic behavior with a reduced saturation magnetization in respect to uncoated magnetic nanoparticles, which is consistent with the presence of a diamagnetic component over the magnetite surface. The result is a single particle platform that combines therapy (photosensitizer) and diagnostic (MRI contrast agent) possibilities at the same time, as well as drug targeting.
SOME RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS PEANUT FLOUR DISPERSIONS* (2007)

ABSTRACT The rheological behaviors of aqueous peanut flour dispersions were characterized across a range of conditions, including controlled heating and cooling rates under both large‐ and small‐strain deformations. Fat content of the dry flours influenced rheological changes, as dispersions of higher‐fat flours were less viscous than lower‐fat flours on an equal weight basis. A roast effect was also apparent, especially for dispersions of the higher‐fat flours in which light roast flours were more viscous than dark roast flours. Dispersions of toasted soy flour were more viscous at lower temperatures ( &lt; 75C), but at higher temperatures, low‐fat peanut flour dispersions were more viscous than soy. Centrifugal separation revealed that the insoluble material of all dispersions primarily contributed to the observed rheological responses. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to characterize the soluble and insoluble proteins making up the various dispersions, and these results are discussed in terms of observed rheological phenomena. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Peanut flour is a dry powder prepared after partial extraction of peanut oil from roasted peanut seed. This flour, as compared to peanut butter or whole peanut seed, has numerous functional advantages in formulated foods, including improved stability to lipid oxidation, an enriched protein content and the handling ease of a powder. However, there is no published fundamental rheological data pertaining to these ingredients. Accordingly, commercially available peanut flours with varying roast intensities and fat contents were rheologically characterized in aqueous dispersions, both in the absence and presence of heat. Residual fat content in the flours primarily affected rheological behaviors, with high‐fat flours being less viscous under equivalent conditions. A yield stress was observed in all dispersions held at 40C, which correlated with stability of the dispersion to particle settling. This data could ultimately aid texture optimization of products containing such flours.
Neurog3-dependent pancreas dysgenesis causes ectopic pancreas in Hes1 mutant mice (2018)

Mutations in <i>Hes1</i>, a target gene of the Notch signalling pathway, lead to ectopic pancreas by a poorly described mechanism. Here, we use genetic inactivation of <i>Hes1</i> combined with lineage tracing and live imaging to reveal an endodermal requirement for Hes1, and show that ectopic pancreas tissue is derived from the dorsal pancreas primordium. RNA-seq analysis of sorted E10.5 <i>Hes1</i><sup>+/+</sup> and <i>Hes1</i><sup>-/-</sup> Pdx1-GFP<sup>+</sup> cells suggested that upregulation of endocrine lineage genes in <i>Hes1</i><sup>-/-</sup> embryos was the major defect and, accordingly, early pancreas morphogenesis was normalized, and the ectopic pancreas phenotype suppressed, in <i>Hes1</i><sup>-/-</sup><i>Neurog3</i><sup>-/-</sup> embryos. In <i>Mib1</i> mutants, we found a near total depletion of dorsal progenitors, which was replaced by an anterior Gcg<sup>+</sup> extension. Together, our results demonstrate that aberrant morphogenesis is the cause of ectopic pancreas and that a part of the endocrine differentiation program is mechanistically involved in the dysgenesis. Our results suggest that the ratio of endocrine lineage to progenitor cells is important for morphogenesis and that a strong endocrinogenic phenotype without complete progenitor depletion, as seen in <i>Hes1</i> mutants, provokes an extreme dysgenesis that causes ectopic pancreas.
Optical resonators with whispering-gallery modes-part II: applications (2006)

We review photonic applications of dielectric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators-tracing the growth of the technology from experiments with levitating droplets of aerosols to ultrahigh-Q solid state crystalline and integrated on-chip microresonators.
Internal Mammary Lymphoscintigraphy (1976)

Internal mammary lymphoscintigraphy is a noninvasive reproducible technique which correlates well with the anatomic pattern of lymph node distribution. A study of 848 patients via radiocolloid injection established a normal internal mammary lymph node distribution and detected deviations from this pattern. A review of these cases is followed by a discussion of the clinical application of this technique, especially in carcinoma of the breast.
Testosterone patch for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in naturally menopausal women (2006)

Testosterone patch treatment increased the frequency of satisfying sexual activity and sexual desire, decreased personal distress, and was well tolerated in naturally menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
Pharmacokinetic and Toxicity Study of an Intraocular Cyclosporine DDS in the Anterior Segment of Rabbit Eyes (2003)

The Oculex DDS CsA device is effective in delivering long-term levels of CsA to corneal tissues, without adverse effects. Further studies in an animal model of corneal transplant rejection should be performed to determine the potential of this device in the prophylaxis and treatment of corneal transplant rejection in humans.
Electrochemotherapy of Tumours (2008)

Electrochemotherapy is a combined use of certain chemotherapeutic drugs and electric pulses applied to the treated tumour nodule. Local application of electric pulses to the tumour increases drug delivery into cells, specifically at the site of electric pulse application. Drug uptake by delivery of electric pulses is increased for only those chemotherapeutic drugs whose transport through the plasma membrane is impeded. Among many drugs that have been tested so far, bleomycin and cisplatin found their way from preclinical testing to clinical use. Clinical data collected within a number of clinical studies indicate that approximately 80% of the treated cutaneous and subcutaneous tumour nodules of different malignancies are in an objective response, from these, approximately 70% in complete response after a single application of electrochemotherapy. Usually only one treatment is needed, however, electrochemotherapy can be repeated several times every few weeks with equal effectiveness each time. The treatment results in an effective eradication of the treated nodules, with a good cosmetic effect without tissue scarring.
Chemical modification effect on the mechanical properties of HIPS/coconut fiber composites (2010)

Lignocellulosic fibers from green coconut fruit were treated with alkaline solution (NaOH 10%m/v) and then bleached with sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and acetic acid (CH3COOH). Alkali-treated and bleached fibers were mixed with high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and placed in an injector chamber in order to obtain specimens for tensile tests. Specimens of HIPS/alkali-treated and bleached coconut fiber composites were tested in tensile mode, and the fracture surfaces of the composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Untreated, alkali-treated, and bleached coconut fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Alkaline treatment was effective for removing the extractives and increasing the roughness of surfaces, while the bleaching treatment intensified the effect of alkaline treatment, while increasing the crystallinity index and surface energy of fibers. Results of tensile tests showed that the addition of 30% alkali-treated and bleached fibers reinforcing the HIPS matrix provided considerable changes in the mechanical properties of composites in comparison with the pure HIPS. On the other hand, chemical treatments were not totally effective for improving the adhesion between the fiber and matrix, as was observed in the analysis of the fracture surfaces of composites materials.
Analysis of the ARMD1 locus: evidence that a mutation in HEMICENTIN-1 is associated with age-related macular degeneration in a large family (2003)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of severe vision loss. Identification of the genes involved in AMD will lead to a better understanding of this disease at the molecular level, which will eventually lead to early detection, prevention and treatment. Previously, we mapped the ARMD1 gene to 1q25-31 in a large family with AMD. Here, we narrow the ARMD1 locus to 14.9 Mb between LAMB2 and D1S3469, a region containing 50 known genes. Twenty candidate genes within this region were screened for mutations. Only one DNA variation, an A16,263G transition in exon 104 of HEMICENTIN-1, was found to segregate exclusively with the disease haplotype in members of this large family with AMD. This variation produces a non-conservative substitution of arginine for glutamine at amino acid position 5345 (Gln5345Arg). It was also identified in 11 other individuals, all of whom share a haplotype, which envelops HEMICENTIN-1, with the large AMD family. The affected status of all but one of those individuals conforms to the age-dependent penetrance observed in AMD. The amino acid at position 5345 of HEMICENTIN-1 was conserved as glutamine in eight species analyzed. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that exon 104 of HEMICENTIN-1 is alternatively spliced in various cell types. Exclusive segregation of Gln5345Arg with the disease haplotype in this large family, amino acid conservation of glutamine at this position among mammals, the non-conservative nature of the substitution and similarities to EFEMP1 support the conclusion that HEMICENTIN-1 is the ARMD1 gene.
"Both /And" (2000)

I am glad Dennis reminded me, and our readers, that material conditions always affect, if not exactly determine, subjectivity, and that Wilde's sexuality is so very distant and different from current queer sexualities that comparisons are problematic at best. Yet I stick by my usage of Wilde, for finally I am much more interested in today's challenges and behaviors than in historically bound, specifically "Victorian" crises and cultural events. Of course, I see this broadly as a "both/and" rather than an "either/or" situation. In the words of Tennyson's Ulysses, "He works his work, I mine." And my peculiar and, yes, admittedly appropriative work is to use Victorian literature, responsibly I hope, but always unabashedly, to work on how we live today. Thus certainly I would be much more interested in The 1900 House (if I could only bear watching its annoying inhabitants for more than five minutes) for what it reveals about how we today struggle with our responsibilities to each other and our perception of failures and inequities in our cultural histories, than I would be in anything it may or may not reveal about the Victorian or Edwardian eras. The Victorians are dead; I am interested primarily (oh, let's be honest, only) in the living.