gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
35 μm pitch at ULIS, a breakthrough (2005)

This paper reviews ULIS’progress, on 35 &mu;m pitch, in amorphous silicon uncooled microbolometer focal plane (UFPA) technology and product development over the last year. The ULIS FPA products have been described in great detail, including product capabilities and complete EO performances. At 60 Hz frame rate, focal planes with 40 mK (f/1) NETD are now achieved in production with a spatial fixed pattern noise lower than 25 mK after gain and offset compensation. Key improvements, compared to 45 &mu;m pitch technology, have been the achievement of microbolometer resistance uniformity better than 0.5 % (standard deviation) on the IRFPA die for the different formats. Thanks to a new pixel design, high fill factor along with low thermal time constant (7 ms), 35 &mu;m pitch amorphous silicon UFPAs are prime candidates for FLIR applications.
Slicing Spam with Occam's Razor (2007)

To evade blacklisting, the vast majority of spam email is sent from exploited MTAs (i.e., botnets) and with forged “From” addresses. In response, the anti-spam community has developed a number of domain-based authentication systems – such as SPF and DKIM – to validate the binding between individual domain names and legitimate mail sources for those domains. In this paper, we explore an alternative solution in which the mail recipient requests a real-time affirmation for each e-mail from the declared sender’s MX of record. The Occam protocol is trivial to implement, offers authenticating power equivalent to SPF and DKIM and, most importantly, forces spammers to deploy and expose blacklistable servers for each domain they use during a campaign. We discuss the details of the protocol, compare its strengths and weaknesses with existing solutions and describe implementation strategies. 1.
Fast Uniform Micro Structuring of DLC Surfaces Using Multiple Ultrashort Laser Spots through Spatial Beam Shaping (2016)

International audience
Content analysis for audio classification and segmentation (2002)

We present our study of audio content analysis for classification and segmentation, in which an audio stream is segmented according to audio type or speaker identity. We propose a robust approach that is capable of classifying and segmenting an audio stream into speech, music, environment sound, and silence. Audio classification is processed in two steps, which makes it suitable for different applications. The first step of the classification is speech and nonspeech discrimination. In this step, a novel algorithm based on K-nearest-neighbor (KNN) and linear spectral pairs-vector quantization (LSP-VQ) is developed. The second step further divides nonspeech class into music, environment sounds, and silence with a rule-based classification scheme. A set of new features such as the noise frame ratio and band periodicity are introduced and discussed in detail. We also develop an unsupervised speaker segmentation algorithm using a novel scheme based on quasi-GMM and LSP correlation analysis. Without a priori knowledge, this algorithm can support the open-set speaker, online speaker modeling and real time segmentation. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms can produce very satisfactory results.
Nrf2-dependent and -independent Responses to Nitro-fatty Acids in Human Endothelial Cells (2009)

Electrophilic fatty acid derivatives, including nitrolinoleic acid and nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO(2)), can mediate anti-inflammatory and pro-survival signaling reactions. The transcription factor Nrf2, activated by electrophilic fatty acids, suppresses redox-sensitive pro-inflammatory gene expression and protects against vascular endothelial oxidative injury. It was therefore postulated that activation of Nrf2 by OA-NO(2) accounts in part for its anti-inflammatory actions, motivating the characterization of Nrf2-dependent and -independent effects of OA-NO(2) on gene expression using genome-wide transcriptional profiling. Control and Nrf2-small interfering RNA-transfected human endothelial cells were treated with vehicle, oleic acid, or OA-NO(2), and differential gene expression profiles were determined. Although OA-NO(2) significantly induced the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes, including heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit, the majority of OA-NO(2)-regulated genes were regulated by Nrf2-independent pathways. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the heat shock response is the major pathway activated by OA-NO(2), with robust induction of a number of heat shock genes regulated by the heat shock transcription factor. Inasmuch as the heat shock response mediates anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions, this mechanism is proposed to contribute to the protective cell signaling functions of nitro-fatty acids and other electrophilic fatty acid derivatives.
Genetic Definition and Sequence Analysis of (1999)

High-precision genetic mapping was used to define the regions that contain centromere functions on each natural chromosome in Arabidopsis thaliana. These regions exhibited dramatic recombinational repression and contained complex DNA surrounding large arrays of 180 — base pair repeats. Unexpectedly, the DNA within the centromeres was not merely structural but also encoded several expressed genes. The regions flanking the centromeres were densely populated by repetitive elements yet experienced normal levels of recombination. The genetically defined centromeres were well conserved among Arabidopsis ecotypes but displayed limited sequence homology between different chromosomes, excluding repetitive DNA. This investigation provides a platform for dissecting the role of individual sequences in centromeres in higher eukaryotes.
Genetic Resources and Watermelon Breeding at Embrapa Semi-Arido (2001)

Watermelon genetic resources used to set the watermelon breeding program at the Embrapa’s SemiArid Research Center are described as well as breeding objectives, program and methodologies. A germplasm flow chart shows the strategy used in the germplasm management of the Watermelon Germplasm Bank and in the breeding program. Selection for disease resistance and for plant and fruit characteristics of diploid and tetraploid lines are described and some relevant results are presented. Several diploid and triploid hybrid combinations, resistant to powdery mildew were evaluated. Some of these hybrid combinations presented good prospects as experimental hybrids to be tested in the field by farmers. New breeding tools to produce new generations of hybrids well adapted for the internal and external markets are discussed.
Design and hardware implementation of a memory efficient Huffman decoding (1994)

Hardware design of a high speed and memory efficient Huffman decoder, introduced in Hashemian (1993) is presented. The algorithm developed is based on a specific Huffman tree structure using a code-bit clustering scheme. The method is shown to be extremely efficient in the memory requirement, and fast in searching for the desired symbols. For experimental video data with code-words extended up to 13 bits, the entire memory space needed is shown to be 122 words in size, compared with normally 2/sup 13/=8196 words memory space requirement. The design of the decoder is carried out using the Si-gate CMOS process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Human Phase Response Curves to Three Days of Daily Melatonin: 0.5 mgVersus3.0 mg (2010)

The optimal administration time for advances and delays is later for the lower dose of melatonin. When each dose of melatonin is given at its optimal time, both yield similarly sized advances and delays.
A new visible light sensitive photoinitiator system for the cationic polymerization of epoxides (2008)

Abstract This communication reports the development of an efficient three‐component visible light sensitive photoinitiator system for the cationic ring‐opening photopolymerization of epoxide monomers and epoxide functional oligomers. The photoinitiator system consists of camphorquinone in combination with a benzyl alcohol to generate free radicals by the absorption of visible light. Subsequently, the radicals participate in the free radical chain induced decomposition of a diaryliodonium salt. The resulting strong Brønsted acid derived from this process catalyzes the cationic ring‐opening polymerization of a variety of epoxide substrates. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 866–875, 2009
Nation, Corporation or Family? Tribal Casino Employment and the Transformation of Tribes (2010)

Since its modest beginnings in the early 1980s, tribal gaming rapidly developed into a $25 billion industry that generates over a quarter million jobs. However, the increasing employment of non-Indians in tribal casinos prompts new cultural and political challenges. This paper analyzes tribal and commercial casino trade publications in order to demonstrate how tribal casino employee relations play a significant role in transforming public policy and perceptions of tribal government in the United States.
Reaction Rate AccelerationEnabled by Tethered Lewis Acid-Lewis Base BifunctionalCatalysis: A Catalytic, Enantioselective [2+2] KeteneAldehyde Cycloaddition Reaction (2009)

A tethered Lewis acid-Lewis base (LA*-LB*) bifunctional catalyst promotes the asymmetric [2+2] cycloaddition reaction between ketene and aldehydes rapidly. The LA*-LB* bifunctional catalyst, a quinine tethered Co(III)-salen complex (5 mol%) catalyzes the [2+2] cycloaddition reaction to produce the C4-substituted β-lactones in uniformly >99% ee and high isolated yields (71-97%). The dramatic rate acceleration, the hallmark of cooperative intramolecular bifunctional catalysis, is achieved for the catalytic, enantioselective [2+2] cycloaddition reaction between aldehydes and unsubstituted ketene.
Synthesis and characterization of novel zinc precursors for ZnO thin film deposition by atomic layer deposition (2020)

A novel series of zinc complexes, [EtZn(dab)]2 (1), [EtZn(damb)]2 (2), [EtZn(damp)]2 (3), and [EtZn(dadb)]2 (4), were prepared via single-step substitution. Further, these were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The X-ray crystallography analysis revealed that all complexes exist as dimeric structures with distorted tetrahedral geometry having zinc centers that are interconnected via μ2-O bonding of the aminoalkoxy oxygen atom. TGA and thermal analysis of the complexes showed high volatilities and stabilities at sublimation temperatures of 70, 95, 90, and 105 °C at 0.5 Torr for the respective compounds. Precursor 3 was successfully used for ZnO thin film deposition by ALD. A growth rate per cycle (GPC) of 0.125 nm per cycle was obtained at 200 °C and XPS analysis confirmed the growth of highly pure ZnO films without carbon and nitrogen impurities, while XRD analysis revealed the deposition of reasonably crystalline films. Additionally, the high transmittance and wide bandgap of the films are suitable for optoelectronic applications.
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Conjugate Addition of N‐Heterocycles to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones and Imides (2005)

New nucleophiles in the arena of asymmetric catalysis, fused and nonfused N-heterocycles undergo conjugate addition to unsaturated imides and enones in the presence of a chiral [(salen)AlIII] complex with generally high enantioselectivities (see scheme; salen=N,N′-bis(salicylaldehydo)ethylenediamine). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z463058_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Substitution of arginine for glycine at position 154 of the α1 chain of type I collagen in a variant of osteogenesis imperfecta: Comparison to previous cases with the same mutation (1996)

A substitution of arginine for glycine at amino acid position 154 of the alpha 1(I) collagen chain was found in a father and his three children. The phenotype of the patients includes manifestations of types I and III/IV osteogenesis imperfecta, but appears to be milder than that of the previously described two unrelated patients that had the identical mutation in the alpha 1(I) collagen chain. The variability in the phenotype raises the possibility of epistatic loci or environmental effects on expression of the disorder.
Pyridine-Containing Bipolar Host Materials for Highly Efficient Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs (2008)

A record high efficiency and reduced efficiency roll-off were achieved for blue phosphorescent OLEDs with novel bipolar host materials containing both carbazole electron donor and pyridine electron acceptor because of good confinement of triplet excitons on the guest molecules and improved carrier balance injected into the emissive layer.
Treatment of Geographic Atrophy by the Topical Administration of OT-551: Results of a Phase II Clinical Trial (2010)

OT-551 was well tolerated by study participants and was not associated with any serious adverse effects. Efficacy measurements in this small study indicate a possible effect in maintaining visual acuity. However, the absence of significant effects on other outcomes measures in this study suggests that OT-551, in the current concentration and mode of delivery, may have limited or no benefit as a treatment for GA (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00306488).
Effectiveness of a bilingual heart health program for Greek-Australian women (1996)

Women from Southern European countries have the highest body mass index and physical inactivity levels of any of Australia's migrant groups. Health promotion programs aimed at the wider community often fail to reach these women because of language and cultural barriers. The project examined the impact of a 12-week minimal-intervention heart health program on a community sample of Greek-Australian women. The program, conducted in a bilingual, interactive format and held in a Greek community centre, aimed to improve cardiovascular health and decrease obesity by increasing physical activity and reducing dietary saturated fat intake. Participants (n=26) showed significant decreases in body mass index, skinfold measurements, exercising heart rates and diastolic blood pressure, which were well maintained at follow-up; these changes were not observed in a comparison group (n=22). The project demonstrated that health promotion programs tailored specifically for groups of women from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB) can be effective in modifying cardiovascular risk factors if an effort is made to address sociocultural and linguistic barriers to participation.
Principles of Vision (2007)

According to early ideas, the eye had a central crystalline lens that had a photoreceptor role. Furthermore, the belief was that the optic nerve was hollow and that a mysterious visual spirit existed in front of the lens (Fig. 2). Interestingly, the general theory advanced by the majority of Greek anatomists was that the retina, because of its abundant blood vessels, was an organ of nutrition rather than of sight, although one Greek, Galen, hypothesized correctly, as we now know, that the retina was a displaced part of the brain. It was not until the 12th century A.D that a Moor scientist, Averroes, living in Spain, proposed that the retina and not the lens was the visual receptor (3). And it was not until 500 years after Galen that Kepler and others expanded on this principle (4).
Lipopolysaccharide Complexes withPasteurella haemolyticaLeukotoxin (1999)

The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram-negative bacterial repeats-in-toxin (RTX) toxin preparations, as well as the harsh conditions required to remove it, suggests that LPS may complex with RTX toxins. Concentrated culture supernatant (CCS) preparations of the RTX toxin Pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin (LKT) contained LKT and LPS as the most prominent components, with LKT and LPS constituting approximately 30 and 50% of the density of the silver-stained fraction on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), respectively. CCS LKT contained 3.69 +/- 0.46 mg of LPS per mg of protein, which was estimated to indicate an LPS/LKT molar ratio of approximately 60:1. Subjection of the CCS LKT to preparative SDS-PAGE resulted in separation of LPS from LKT as detected by silver-stained analytical SDS-PAGE; however, the LKT fraction (SDS-PAGE LKT) contained significant endotoxin activity as detected by the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Subjection of the SDS-PAGE LKT to a second preparative SDS-PAGE run resulted in a reduction of the LPS/LKT molar ratio to 1:20. The target cell specificity of LKT for bovine leukocytic cells was retained by the SDS-PAGE LKT, and isolated LPS at comparable concentrations to that in CCS LKT exhibited no leukolytic activity. Addition of isolated LPS back to SDS-PAGE LKT resulted in reconstitution of an LPS-LKT complex. Immediately following reconstitution of the LPS-LKT complex, there was minimal change in leukolytic activity of the complex, but following 9.5 h at temperatures from -135 to 37 degrees C, the LPS-LKT complex exhibited increased leukolytic activity and thermal stability compared to SDS-PAGE LKT. Therefore, it appears that LPS complexes with LKT, resulting in enhanced and stabilized leukolytic activity.
MetaboAnalyst: a web server for metabolomic data analysis and interpretation (2009)

Metabolomics is a newly emerging field of 'omics' research that is concerned with characterizing large numbers of metabolites using NMR, chromatography and mass spectrometry. It is frequently used in biomarker identification and the metabolic profiling of cells, tissues or organisms. The data processing challenges in metabolomics are quite unique and often require specialized (or expensive) data analysis software and a detailed knowledge of cheminformatics, bioinformatics and statistics. In an effort to simplify metabolomic data analysis while at the same time improving user accessibility, we have developed a freely accessible, easy-to-use web server for metabolomic data analysis called MetaboAnalyst. Fundamentally, MetaboAnalyst is a web-based metabolomic data processing tool not unlike many of today's web-based microarray analysis packages. It accepts a variety of input data (NMR peak lists, binned spectra, MS peak lists, compound/concentration data) in a wide variety of formats. It also offers a number of options for metabolomic data processing, data normalization, multivariate statistical analysis, graphing, metabolite identification and pathway mapping. In particular, MetaboAnalyst supports such techniques as: fold change analysis, t-tests, PCA, PLS-DA, hierarchical clustering and a number of more sophisticated statistical or machine learning methods. It also employs a large library of reference spectra to facilitate compound identification from most kinds of input spectra. MetaboAnalyst guides users through a step-by-step analysis pipeline using a variety of menus, information hyperlinks and check boxes. Upon completion, the server generates a detailed report describing each method used, embedded with graphical and tabular outputs. MetaboAnalyst is capable of handling most kinds of metabolomic data and was designed to perform most of the common kinds of metabolomic data analyses. MetaboAnalyst is accessible at http://www.metaboanalyst.ca.
Establishment of European Pharmacopoeia BRP batch 2 for inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine for in vitro D antigen assay. (2003)

A collaborative study was initiated by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (EDQM) to assign a potency value for the candidate Ph Eur BRP batch 2 against the 2nd International Standard (IS) in order to replace the dwindling stocks of Ph Eur BRP batch 1. The candidate material is a concentrated trivalent bulk (Type 1 (Mahoney), Type 2 (MEF1) and Type 3 (SAUKETT)) from a commercially available IPV vaccine. Nine laboratories participated in the collaborative study. Eight laboratories reported results. Participants performed in-house ELISA assays on the candidate BRP, the 2nd International Standard (IS) and the current BRP (BRP batch 1). An additional sample was included to acquire information on the correlation between the in vitro and in vivo assays based on comparison with a previous study. Results of that comparison are included as an annex. Potency estimates were satisfactory in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, however the estimates for the 2nd IS were significantly lower than those for Ph Eur BRP batch 1. These two reference standards are derived from the same material and were originally assigned the same potency value after a joint study run by EDQM and the WHO in 1994. A reconciliation study was therefore designed to determine if the IS stored at NIBSC and the IS which had been sent from NIBSC to EDQM for use in the initial study were equivalent. 3 of the laboratories from the initial study participated. Results revealed no significant difference between the 2nd IS stocks stored in the two different locations at NIBSC nor between BRP batch 1 and the standards stored at NIBSC for types 1 and 2. For type 3 the 2nd IS standards stored at NIBSC are 13 % less potent than the Ph Eur BRP batch 1. The 2nd IS which had been shipped from NIBSC to EDQM was significantly less potent than BRP batch 1 and the 2nd ISs stored at NIBSC for all three types, confirming the observation of the initial study. Possible explanations for this apparent loss of potency of the 2nd IS used in the study are under investigation. Since Ph Eur BRP batch 1 and the 2nd IS in stock at NIBSC appear no more different than when their original potency assignment was made at their establishment, and since the 2nd IS standard used in the initial part of this study was compromised, a consensus potency value for the candidate BRP was determined using Ph Eur BRP batch 1 as the reference standard. The candidate material was therefore assigned a potency of 320-67-282 D Antigen units/ml (IU) for types 1, 2 and 3 respectively. A stability monitoring program will be initiated. The candidate material was adopted by the European Pharmacopoeia Commission at its session in March 2003 as European Pharmacopoeia IPV vaccine BRP batch 2 for D Ag in vitro assay.