gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytokine gene expression profile distinguishes CD4+/CD57+ T cells of the nodular lymphocyte predominance type of Hodgkin's lymphoma from their tonsillar counterparts (2005)

Little is known about the cytokine profile of nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's lymphoma (NLPHL) and the significance of the characteristic rosetting CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells. We analysed the T lymphocyte populations isolated from lymph node suspensions from five patients with NLPHL, two with follicular hyperplasia and progressive transformation of germinal centres (PTGC), three with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL) and five with hyperplasia of the tonsil. We sorted the T cells based on expression of CD3, CD4 and CD57 by flow cytometry and evaluated the cytokine mRNA profiles of the T cells with quantitative RT-PCR. NLPHL cases were as rich in T cells as the CHL cases, but all NLPHL cases had a much higher frequency of CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells. In contrast to the CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells from tonsils, IL2 and IL4 mRNAs were consistently absent from the CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells of NLPHL. Even after stimulation, no IL4 transcripts could be detected in the CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells of NLPHL. On the other hand, IFNgamma transcripts were elevated in NLPHL and PTGC T cell subsets as compared to tonsillar T cell subsets. IL13 mRNA was exclusively produced by the T cells of CHL cases, indicating that IL13 may be a key cytokine in CHL. In conclusion, elevated levels of CD4(+)/CD57(+) T cells are characteristic of NLPHL and these T cells display a distinct cytokine mRNA profile.
IL-1 Strikingly Enhances Antigen-Driven CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Responses (2013)

Protective immune response requires massive expansion of antigen-triggered naïve cells, extensive differentiation into effector cells, migration of effectors into the periphery, and generation of a functional memory compartment. IL-1β strikingly enhances expansion of antigen-primed CD8 and CD4 T cells in vivo. Its T-cell expansion in lymph nodes and spleen was direct, requiring that the stimulated T cells express IL-1R1. Immunization in the presence of IL-1β increases the frequency of IL-17- and IFN-γ-producing cells among primed CD4 cells and the frequency of granzyme B-expressing and IFN-γ-producing cells and of cytotoxic cells among primed CD8 cells. IL-1β-induced increase in the number of the activated CD4 and CD8 cells and augmented differentiation of the antigen-triggered T cells is very pronounced in liver and lungs. CD4 and CD8 cells primed in the presence of IL-1β display augmented cell number and enhanced cytokine production when rechallenged 2 mo after priming with antigen and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In five in vivo models, IL-1β enhanced the protective value of weak vaccines. Preliminary analysis of in vivo gene expression in CD4 cells stimulated with IL-1β revealed that IL-1β caused gene expression changes consistent with the up-regulation of pathways involved in cell replication, cell survival, and enhanced energy metabolism. Thus, IL-1β enhances antigen-primed CD4 and CD8 T-cell expansion, differentiation, and migration to the periphery and memory, the specific functions required for generation of effective protective immune responses.
Cell death via apoptosis and its relationship to growth, development and differentiation of both tumour and normal cells. (1990)

Cell death can occur by two possible mechanisms, necrosis or apoptosis. Necrosis is the classically recognised form of cell death and is characterised by high amplitude swelling of the mitochondria, nuclear flocculation and uncontrolled cell lysis. Tissue necrosis is normally seen following severe trauma to cells. The alternative form of cell death is via a programmed sequence of events and is termed apoptosis. Apoptosis occurs under a variety of physiological conditions and cells dying by this process undergo cytoplasmic and nuclear condensation, coupled with cleavage of the cell's DNA into nucleosome size fragments. DNA cleavage is due to the activation of a specific endogenous endonuclease. The cell finally fragments into apoptotic bodies which are engulfed by neighbouring cells and degraded. Apoptosis is an energy requiring process requiring intact energy generating systems, unlike that of necrosis. In relation to malignant disease, apoptosis is the mechanism by which cytotoxic T cells kill tumour target cells; it may also be the mechanism which accounts for the high loss of cells in growing tumour masses. Extensive apoptosis is seen in regressing tumours and also in those treated with chemotherapeutic agents. This form of death may require the activation of specific death genes, although in view of work carried out in this and other laboratories, demonstrating that inhibitors of both protein and RNA synthesis will readily induce apoptosis, this may not be universal. Finally, apoptosis has far reaching implications for the treatment of malignant disease, since only by understanding how cells die will be able to develop more effective means of killing them.
Correspondence-Free Determination of the Affine Fundamental Matrix (2006)

Fundamental matrix estimation is a central problem in computer vision and forms the basis of tasks such as stereo imaging and structure from motion. Existing algorithms typically analyze the relative geometries of matched feature points identified in both projected views. Automated feature matching is itself a challenging problem. Results typically have a large number of false matches. Traditional fundamental matrix estimation methods are very sensitive to matching errors, which led naturally to the application of robust statistical estimation techniques to the problem. In this work, an entirely novel approach is proposed to the fundamental matrix estimation problem. Instead of analyzing the geometry of matched feature points, the problem is recast in the frequency domain through the use of Integral Projection, showing how this is a reasonable model for orthographic cameras. The problem now reduces to one of identifying matching lines in the frequency domain which, most importantly, requires no feature matching or correspondence information. Experimental results on both real and synthetic data are presented that demonstrate the algorithm is a practical technique for fundamental matrix estimation. The behavior of the proposed algorithm is additionally characterized with respect to input noise, feature counts, and other parameters of interest.
Protein Adsorption onto Silica Nanoparticles:  Conformational Changes Depend on the Particles' Curvature and the Protein Stability (2004)

We have analyzed the adsorption of protein to the surfaces of silica nanoparticles with diameters of 6, 9, and 15 nm. The effects upon adsorption on variants of human carbonic anhydrase with differing conformational stabilities have been monitored using methods that give complementary information, i.e., circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC), and gel permeation chromatography. Human carbonic anhydrase I (HCAI), which is the most stable of the protein variants, establishes a dynamic equilibrium between bound and unbound protein following mixture with silica particles. Gel permeation and AUC experiments indicate that the residence time of HCAI is on the order of ∼10 min and slowly increases with time, which allows us to study the effects of the interaction with the solid surface on the protein structure in more detail than would be possible for a process with faster kinetics. The effects on the protein conformation from the interaction have been characterized using CD and NMR measurements. This study shows that differences in particle curvature strongly influence the amount of the protein's secondary structure that is perturbed. Particles with a longer diameter allow formation of larger particle−protein interaction surfaces and cause larger perturbations of the protein's secondary structure upon interaction. In contrast, the effects on the tertiary structure seem to be independent of the particles' curvature.
Diabetes mellitus and Lung Function (2003)

These data indicate that type 1 diabetic patients showed reduced TLC and DL(CO), features of pulmonary restrictive dysfunction. There was no correlation between abnormal pulmonary function and the presence of other diabetic complications.
High‐Betweenness Proteins in the Yeast Protein Interaction Network (2005)

Structural features found in biomolecular networks that are absent in random networks produced by simple algorithms can provide insight into the function and evolution of cell regulatory networks. Here we analyze "betweenness" of network nodes, a graph theoretical centrality measure, in the yeast protein interaction network. Proteins that have high betweenness, but low connectivity (degree), were found to be abundant in the yeast proteome. This finding is not explained by algorithms proposed to explain the scale-free property of protein interaction networks, where low-connectivity proteins also have low betweenness. These data suggest the existence of some modular organization of the network, and that the high-betweenness, low-connectivity proteins may act as important links between these modules. We found that proteins with high betweenness are more likely to be essential and that evolutionary age of proteins is positively correlated with betweenness. By comparing different models of genome evolution that generate scale-free networks, we show that rewiring of interactions via mutation is an important factor in the production of such proteins. The evolutionary and functional significance of these observations are discussed.
Metadherin Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis through Induction of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (2011)

MTDH may promote HCC metastasis through the induction of EMT process and may be a candidate biomarker for prognosis as well as a target for therapy.
Update on intravenous iron choices (2014)

Newer i.v. iron products permit the rapid, and sometimes complete, repletion of iron-deficient patients with a single dose. However, further studies examining the long-term risks and benefits of i.v. iron repletion are needed.
A novel role for the chemokine receptor Cxcr4 in kidney morphogenesis: An in vitro study (2009)

The CXCR4 chemokine receptor is involved in hematopoietic stem cell homing, neuronal development, and angiogenesis. We show a significant new role for this receptor in epithelial patterning and renal morphogenesis. This receptor is expressed in the ureteric bud (UB) and the metanephric mesenchyme (MM). Stimulation of Cxcr4 in renal tubular cells leads to activation of multiple signaling pathways and tubulogenesis and cell migration. Knocking down of this receptor in tubular cells leads to cyst formation. Inactivation of this receptor in embryonic kidney explants results in impaired UB branching and mesenchymal tubulogenesis. The data presented here point to its importance in the process of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transitioning (MET), a crucial developmental process in the embryonic kidney. A number of genes important for normal tubulogenesis and MET are decreased upon CXCR4 inactivation.
Development andin vitro characterization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) microspheres using a solid encapsulation/single emulsion/solvent extraction technique (2000)

Poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres are one modality of controlled delivery of biologically active molecules that would further the development of engineered tissues. As a possible mechanism to stimulate angiogenesis within an engineered tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were coencapsulated into microspheres fabricated from PEG and 50/50 PLGA using a solid-encapsulation/single-emulsion/solvent extraction technique. Two VEGF/BSA ratios were studied: 1:2000 and 1:10,000. Analysis consisted of the loading efficiency, particle size distribution, bright-field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, release kinetics, and an in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation assay to assess biological activity of the released VEGF. Results show the microspheres could be manufactured, stored, and degraded over 28 days. The burst release rates for 1:2000 and 1:10,000 VEGF/BSA microspheres were 71.87 +/- 8.11 and 27.91 +/- 1.71 ng/mL (mean +/- standard error of the mean), respectively; steady-state release rates were 6.56 +/- 1.10 and 2.21 +/- 0.47 ng/mL, respectively. The microspheres released biologically active VEGF, and the VEGF increased the proliferation of HUVECs in culture (p <.05). The successful development of a novel, cost-effective, scalable technique for producing microspheres loaded with biologically active proteins is presented. Using the data obtained from these studies, a defined concentration of microspheres will deliver a quantifiable level of VEGF at a known release rate.
Post-operative cardiac arrest induced by co-administration of amiodarone and dexmedetomidine: a case report (2015)

We firstly report a postoperative hemodialysis patient who was co-administered with amiodarone and dexmedetomidine and developed severe bradycardia followed by cardiac arrest. A 79-year-old male patient underwent an amputation of the right lower extremity. The electrocardiogram of the patient showed a complete right bundle branch block with left anterior fascicular block before the anesthesia, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia over 200 beats/min lasting 15 min was observed during surgery. After admission to the intensive care unit, the intensivist and the consultant cardiologist decided to treat tachycardia using amiodarone. The initial dosing of amiodarone and the maintenance infusion succeeded to decrease the heart rate. Approximately 2 h and a half after the start of dexmedetomidine infusion for sedation, the heart rate gradually declined and severe bradycardia suddenly followed by cardiac arrest was observed. Resuscitation was promptly initiated and the patient regained sinus rhythm without delay. In retrospective analysis, the monitoring record of the electrocardiogram revealed the marked atrioventricular conduction abnormalities. This is the first case report concerning a cardiac arrest induced by amiodarone and dexmedetomidine.
Hydrothermal Dynamics and Waste Treatment-Recycling and Recovery of Inorganic Materials based on Earth Principle- (2004)

高温・高圧の水溶液系 (水熱溶液系) の特徴を生かし, 水熱ダイナミクスが殆どの廃棄物処理として展開できることを示した。水熱溶液の特徴は温度・圧力・溶質の種類と濃度を制御することによってイオン反応からラジカル反応にいたるまで殆どの化学反応の媒体として万能といっていいほどの多様性を持っている。ここでは温度・圧力の典型的な差を4区分に分け, それぞれについて廃棄物処理について例をあげながら説明した。特に分解, リサイクル, 新規高価物質への転換, 処理後の残滓の利用, バイオマスへの展開などを中心に紹介し, 新規のベンチャー起業の可能性の高さについて述べる。
Evaluation of SOFA-based models for predicting mortality in the ICU: A systematic review (2008)

Models based on SOFA scores at admission had only slightly worse performance than APACHE II/III and were competitive with SAPS II models in predicting mortality in patients in the general medical and/or surgical ICU. Models with sequential SOFA scores seem to have a comparable performance with other organ failure scores. The combination of sequential SOFA derivatives with APACHE II/III and SAPS II models clearly improved prognostic performance of either model alone. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, it is impossible to draw general conclusions on the optimal mathematical model and optimal derivatives of SOFA scores. Future studies should use a standard evaluation methodology with a standard set of outcome measures covering discrimination, calibration and accuracy.
Study of data retention for nanocrystal Flash memories (2003)

This work presents a detailed study of data retention for nanocrystal Flash memories. Data retention has been investigated in memory cells, with tunnel oxide thickness ranging from 2.8 to 4 nm. Assuming direct tunneling through the tunnel oxide as the main charge loss mechanism for uncycled memories, we show that a minimum thickness around 4.2 nm is required for the tunnel oxide to guarantee 10 years of data storage. No measurable retention degradation is found up to at least 10/sup 6/ program/erase cycles, indicating that stress-induced leakage current (SILC) does not play a leading role in affecting the memory reliability. The SILC immunity of nanocrystal memories is explained by a physical model for charge leakage, accounting for lateral tunneling among the storage nodes.
Regiospecific inhibition of DNA duplication by antisense phosphate-methylated oligodeoxynucleotides (1989)

A new synthesis route for long phosphate-methylated oligodeoxynucleotides is described, which were used as antisense inhibitors of the DNA replication. Phosphate-methylated oligomers hybridize more strongly with natural DNA than their natural analogues, due to the absence of electrostatic interstrand repulsions. Compared with phosphate-ethylated and methyl phosphonate systems, phosphate-methylated systems are preferable as antisense DNA, which was concluded from the high Tm values and sharp melting transitions of duplexes of phosphate-methylated and natural DNA. By using the Sanger dideoxy technique, it was shown that a complementary phosphate-methylated 18-mer can effectively and site-specifically block the DNA replication process at room temperature.
Step-by-step guide to the realization of advanced optical tweezers (2015)

Since the pioneering work of Arthur Ashkin, optical tweezers (OT) have become an indispensable tool for contactless manipulation of micro- and nanoparticles. Nowadays OT are employed in a myriad of applications demonstrating their importance. While the basic principle of OT is the use of a strongly focused laser beam to trap and manipulate particles, more complex experimental setups are required to perform novel and challenging experiments. With this article, we provide a detailed step-by-step guide for the construction of advanced optical manipulation systems. First, we explain how to build a single-beam OT on a homemade microscope and how to calibrate it. Improving on this design, we realize a holographic OT, which can manipulate independently multiple particles and generate more sophisticated wavefronts such as Laguerre&#x2013;Gaussian beams. Finally, we explain how to implement a speckle OT, which permits one to employ random speckle light fields for deterministic optical manipulation.
Nonsteroidal Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): Dissociating the Anabolic and Androgenic Activities of the Androgen Receptor for Therapeutic Benefit (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTNonsteroidal Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): Dissociating the Anabolic and Androgenic Activities of the Androgen Receptor for Therapeutic BenefitMichael L. Mohler§, Casey E. Bohl§, Amanda Jones§, Christopher C. Coss§, Ramesh Narayanan§, Yali He§, Dong Jin Hwang§, James T. Dalton*§, and Duane D. Miller*§‡View Author Information Preclinical Research and Development, GTx, Inc., 3 North Dunlap Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163* To whom correspondence should be addressed. For J.T.D.: phone, (901) 507-8604; fax, (901) 844-8078; e-mail, [email protected]. For D.D.M.: phone, (901) 448-6026; fax, (901) 448-3446; e-mail, [email protected]§GTx, Inc.‡University of Tennessee Health Science Center.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2009, 52, 12, 3597–3617Publication Date (Web):May 11, 2009Publication History Received6 March 2009Published online11 May 2009Published inissue 25 June 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm900280mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm900280mreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5894Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Agonists,Anatomy,Ligands,Receptors,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Optical properties of erbium-doped organic polydentate cage complexes (1998)

The optical properties of different erbium (Er)-doped polydentate hemispherand organic cage complexes are studied, for use in polymer-based planar optical amplifiers. Room temperature photoluminescence at 1.54 μm is observed, due to an intra-4f transition in Er3+. The Er is directly excited into one of the 4f manifolds (at 488 nm), or indirectly (at 287 nm) via the aromatic part of the cage. The luminescence spectrum is 70 nm wide (full width at half maximum), the highest known for any Er-doped material, enabling high gain bandwidth for optical amplification. The absorption cross section at 1.54 μm is 1.1×10−20 cm2, higher than in most other Er-doped materials, which allows the attainment of high gain. Measurements were performed on complexes in KBr tablets, in which the complex is present in the form of small crystallites, or dissolved in the organic solvents dimethylformamide and butanol-OD. In KBr the luminescence lifetime at 1.54 μm is &amp;lt;0.5 μs, possibly due to concentration quenching effects. In butanol-OD solution, the lifetime is 0.8 μs, still well below the radiative lifetime of 4 ms estimated from the measured absorption cross sections. Experiments on the selective deuteration of the near-neighbor C–H bonds around the Er3+-ion indicate that these are not the major quenching sites of the Er3+ luminescence. Temperature dependent luminescence measurements indicate that temperature quenching is very small. It is therefore concluded that an alternative luminescence quenching mechanism takes place, presumably due to the presence of O–H groups on the Er-doped complex (originating either from the synthesis or from the solution). Finally a calculation is made of the gain performance of a planar polymer waveguide amplifier based on these Er complexes, resulting in a threshold pump power of 1.4 mW and a typical gain of 1.7 dB /cm.
Height snakes: 3D building reconstruction from aerial image and laser scanner data (2011)

In this paper a novel approach for 3D reconstruction of buildings by combining aerial imagery and laser data is presented. In a precalculation process a first coarse approximation is calculated on the basis of the height data. The main processing step of the method refines this approximation by successfully making use of both the height data and the aerial images in a single energy minimization process.