gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE ASTROSPHERE OF THE ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STAR CIT 6 (2014)

We have discovered two extended half-ring structures in a far-ultraviolet image taken with the GALEX satellite of the well-known mass-losing carbon star CIT 6 (RW LMi). The northern (southern) ring is brighter (fainter) with a diameter of about 15 arcmin (18 arcmin). These structures most likely represent the astrosphere resulting from the shock interaction of CIT 6's molecular wind with the Warm Interstellar Medium, as it moves through the latter. These data provide a direct estimate of the size of CIT 6's circumstellar envelope that is a factor ~20 larger than previous estimates based on CO millimeter-wave line data. We find that CIT 6 has been undergoing heavy mass-loss for at least 93,000 yr and the total envelope mass is 0.29 Msun or larger, assuming a constant mass-loss rate of 3.2 x 10^(-6) Msun/yr. Assuming that the shock front has reached a steady-state and CIT 6's motion relative to the ISM is in the sky-plane, we measure the termination-shock standoff distance directly from the image and find that CIT 6 is moving at a speed of about 39 (0.17 cm^(-3)/n_ISM)^(1/2) km/s through the interstellar medium around it. However, comparisons with published numerical simulations and analytical modelling shows that CIT 6's forward shock (the northern ring) departs from the parabolic shape expected in steady-state. We discuss several possible explanations for this departure.
Diagnostic and prognostic markers for human prostate cancer (1997)

Currently, only PSA is utilized for early diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer. A number of potential prognostic markers warrant further investigation. Multimarker analysis is implicated.
Functional characterization of agonists at recombinant human 5‐HT2A, 5‐HT2B and 5‐HT2C receptors in CHO‐K1 cells (1999)

1. The goal of this study was to characterize the agonist pharmacology of human 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C (VSV) receptors expressed in CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cells. 2. We used a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) which allows rapid detection of rises in intracellular calcium levels upon the addition of agonists. 3. Stimulation of all three receptors by 5-HT caused a robust concentration dependent increase in intracellular calcium levels. No such effect was observed from non-transfected control CHO-K1 cells. 4. The rank order of potency of agonists at the different receptor subtypes varied. Tryptamines, BW-723C86, d-norfenfluramine, Ro 60-0175 and LSD exhibited the following rank order of potency; 5-HT2B>5-HT2C>5-HT2A. Piperazines such as m-Chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), ORG-12962, MK-212 and also ORG-37684 exhibited a rank order of potency of 5-HT2C>5-HT2B>5-HT2A. The phenylisopropylamines DOI and DOB had a rank order of 5-HT2A>5-HT2B>5-HT2C. 5. Many agonists tested had partial agonist actions when compared to 5-HT, and a wide range of relative efficacies were exhibited, which was cell line dependent. For example, mCPP had a relative efficacy of 65% at 5-HT2C receptors but <25% at either 5-HT2A or 5-HT2B receptors. 6. Interpretation of literature values of functional assays using different cell lines, different receptor expression levels and different receptor isoforms, is complex. Species differences and the previous use of antagonist radioligands to characterize agonist potency in binding assays emphasizes the importance of studying agonists in the same experiment using the same assay conditions and parental cell lines.
The role of BMP-4 and GATA-2 in the induction and differentiation of hematopoietic mesoderm in Xenopus laevis (1996)

Vertebrate embryonic blood formation is regulated by factors that participate in dorsal-ventral patterning and mesoderm induction. The GATA-binding transcription factors are required for normal hematopoiesis and are expressed during gastrulation when ventral mesoderm (VM) is induced to form blood. Based on the recent demonstration that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-4) is a potent ventralizing factor and inducer of hematopoietic tissue, we hypothesized that GATA-2 could be induced or activated by BMP-4. Here we demonstrate that BMP-4 can stimulate GATA-2 expression, and that expression of a dominant negative BMP-4 receptor can suppress GATA-2 induction by BMP-4 in ventral mesoderm. Over-expression of GATA-2 in ventral mesoderm leads to increased globin production and forced expression of GATA-2 in primitive ectoderm adjacent to ventral mesoderm also stimulates globin expression. Our results suggest that BMP-4 and GATA-2 can function in two adjacent germ layers, mesoderm and ectoderm, to participate in blood cell formation during embryogenesis.
Identification of a Cardiac Specific Protein Transduction Domain by In Vivo Biopanning Using a M13 Phage Peptide Display Library in Mice (2010)

Biopanning using a peptide phage display library identified a peptide able to transduce heart tissue in vivo efficiently and specifically. CTP could be used to deliver therapeutic peptides, proteins and nucleic acid specifically to the heart.
Sequencing and Characterization of Larger Oligonucleotides by Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (1998)

Article Sequencing and Characterization of Larger Oligonucleotides by Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry was published on March 1, 1998 in the journal Reviews in Analytical Chemistry (volume 17, issue 1).
Transposon tools for recombinant DNA manipulation: characterization of transcriptional regulators from yeast, Xenopus, and mouse. (1996)

Transposon Tn1000 has been adapted to deliver novel DNA sequences for manipulating recombinant DNA. The transposition procedure for these "tagged" Tn1000s is simple and applicable to most plasmids in current use. For yeast molecular biology, tagged Tn1000s introduce a variety of yeast selective markers and replication origins into plasmids and cosmids. In addition, the beta-globin minimal promoter and lacZ gene of Tn(beta)lac serve as a mobile reporter of eukaryotic enhancer activity. In this paper, Tn(beta)lac was used to localize a mouse HoxB-complex enhancer in transgenic mice. Other tagged transposons create Gal4 DNA-binding-domain fusions, in either Escherichia coli or yeast plasmids, for use in one- and two-hybrid tests of transcriptional activation and protein-protein interaction, respectively. With such fusions, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Swi6 G1/S-phase transcription factor and the Xenopus laevis Pintallavis developmental regulator are shown to activate transcription. Furthermore, the same transposon insertions also facilitated mapping of the Swi6 and Pintallavis domains responsible for transcriptional activation. Thus, as well as introducing novel sequences, tagged transposons share the numerous other applications of transposition such as producing insertional mutations, creating deletion series, or serving as mobile primer sites for DNA sequencing.
The expression cassette determines the functional activity of ribozymes in mammalian cells by controlling their intracellular localization. (1997)

In order to better understand the influence of RNA transcript context on RNA localization and catalytic RNA efficacy in vivo, we have constructed and characterized several expression cassettes useful for transcribing short RNAs with well defined 5' and 3' appended flanking sequences. These cassettes contain promoter sequences from the human U1 snRNA, U6 snRNA, or tRNA Meti genes, fused to various processing/stabilizing sequences. The levels of expression and the sub-cellular localization of the resulting RNAs were determined and compared with those obtained from Pol II promoters normally linked to mRNA production, which include a cap and polyadenylation signal. The tRNA, Ul, and U6 transcripts were nuclear in localization and expressed at the highest levels, while the standard Pol II promoted transcripts were cytoplasmic and present at lower levels. The ability of these cassettes to confer ribozyme activity in vivo was tested with two assays. First, an SIV-growth hormone reporter gene was transiently transfected into human embryonic kidney cells expressing an anti-SIV ribozyme. Second, cultured T lymphocytes expressing an anti-HIV ribozyme were challenged with HIV. In both cases, we found that the ribozymes were effective only when expressed as capped, polyadenylated RNAs transcribed from Pol II cassettes that generate a cytoplasmically localized ribozyme that facilitates co-localization with its target. We also show that the inability of the other cassettes to support ribozyme-mediated inhibitory activity against their cytoplasmic target is very likely due to the resulting nuclear localization of these ribozymes. These studies demonstrate that the ribozyme expression cassette determines its intracellular localization and, hence, its corresponding functional activity.
A new 440-kD isoform is the major ankyrin in neonatal rat brain. (1991)

This report describes initial characterization of a 440-kD isoform of brain ankyrin (ankyrinB) representing an alternatively spliced mRNA product of the gene encoding the major isoform of ankyrin in adult human brain (Otto, E., M. Kunimoto, T. McLaughlin, V. Bennett, J. Cell Biology. 114:241-253). Northern and immunoblot analyses indicate that 440-kD ankyrinB includes the spectrin and membrane-binding domains as well as a regulatory domain of the major 220-kD isoform. 440-kD ankyrinB contains, in addition, a sequence of a predicted size of 220 kD which is inserted between the regulatory domain and spectrin/membrane-binding domains. 440-kD ankyrinB has properties expected of a peripherally associated membrane-skeletal protein: it is exclusively present in the particulate fraction of brain homogenates, is extracted with NaOH, and remains associated with Triton-X-100-resistant structures. Expression of 440-kD ankyrinB in rat brain began at birth before other ankyrins could be detected, peaked 10 d after birth, and then decreased progressively to 30% of the maximum in adults. Expression of the 220-kD ankyrinB and ankyrinR (erythroid ankyrin) began approximately 10 d after the 440-kD isoform, increased rapidly between 10 and 15 d after birth, and finally achieved their maximal levels in adults. 440-kD ankyrinB is present in approximately equivalent amounts in all regions of neonatal brain while in adult brain it is present in highest levels in cerebellum and lowest in brain stem. 440-kD ankyrinB was localized by immunofluorescence in regions of neonatal and adult brain containing primarily dendrites and unmyelinated axons. 440-kD ankyrinB thus may play a specialized role in neuronal processes.
Commensal microflora and interferon‐γ promote steady‐state interleukin‐7 production in vivo (2010)

IL-7 is a major regulator of lymphocyte homeostasis; however, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate IL-7 production. To study Il7 gene regulation in vivo, we generated a novel IL-7-reporter mouse, which allows the non-invasive quantification of Il7 gene activity in live mice and, additionally, the simultaneous activation/inactivation of target genes in IL-7-producing cells. With these IL-7-reporter mice, we identify thymus, skin and intestine as major sources of IL-7 in vivo. Importantly, we show that IFN-gamma and the commensal microflora promote steady-state IL-7 production in the intestine. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the blockade of IFN-gamma signaling in intestinal epithelial cells strongly reduces their IFN-gamma-driven IL-7 production. In summary, our data suggest a feedback loop in which commensal bacteria drive IFN-gamma production by lymphocytes, which in turn promotes epithelial cell IL-7 production and the survival of IL-7-dependent lymphocytes.
Politique de formation et pratiques professionnelles des associations médico-sociales (2004)

2004-4-page-16?lang=fr Dcouvrir le sommaire de ce numro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Scannez ce QR Code pour accder la page de ce numro sur Cairn.info. Distribution lectronique Cairn.info pour rs.Vous avez l'autorisation de reproduire cet article dans les limites des conditions d'utilisation de Cairn.infoou, le cas chant, des conditions gnrales de la licence souscrite par votre tablissement.Dtails et conditions sur cairn.info/copyright.Sauf dispositions lgales contraires, les usages numriques des fins pdagogiques des prsentes ressources sont soumises l'autorisation de l'diteur ou, le cas chant, de l'organisme de gestion collective habilit cet effet.Il en est ainsi notamment en France avec le CFC qui est l'organisme agr en la matire.
Deployable controllable geometry truss beam (1985)

A study was conducted on a truss beam structural concept that can deploy and maneuver in a serpentine manner to align or position the truss beam tip. The truss beam is composed of a series of rod members connected together at joints that provide the required rotational degrees of freedom. The current study was conducted to evaluate the requirements of the joints and define a mechanical assembly that could provide both high structural stiffness and the required maneuverability. The truss beam requires two joint types; both types were fabricated and incorporated in a demonstration model. An analysis of the concept was performed to define the location and orientation of the beam tip during deployment and serpentine maneuvers.
Immune responses to transgene and retroviral vector in patients treated with ex vivo–engineered T cells (2010)

Adoptive transfer of immune effector cells that are gene modified by retroviral transduction to express tumor-specific receptors constitutes an attractive approach to treat cancer. In patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, we performed a study with autologous T cells genetically retargeted with a chimeric antibody receptor (CAR) directed toward carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an antigen highly expressed in renal cell carcinoma. In the majority of patients, we observed distinct humoral and/or cellular anti-CAIX-CAR T-cell immune responses in combination with a limited peripheral persistence of transferred CAIX-CAR T cells in the majority of patients. Humoral immune responses were anti-idiotypic in nature and neutralized CAIX-CAR-mediated T-cell function. Cellular anti-CAIX-CAR immune responses were directed to the complementarity-determining and framework regions of the CAR variable domains. In addition, 2 patients developed immunity directed against presumed retroviral vector epitopes. Here, we document the novel feature that therapeutic cells, which were ex vivo engineered by means of transduction with a minimal γ-retroviral vector, do express immunogenic vector-encoded epitopes, which might compromise persistence of these cells. These observations may constitute a critical concern for clinical ex vivo γ-retroviral gene transduction in general and CAR-retargeted T-cell therapy in particular, and underscore the need to attenuate the immunogenicity of both transgene and vector.
Synthesis of Alkyne-Bridged Cyclic Tripeptides toward Constrained Mimics of Vancomycin (2006)

The synthesis of a range of highly constrained cyclic tripeptides has been performed using either an intramolecular Sonogashira coupling or a macrolactamization as the final ring-closing reaction. Our approach gives access to rigidified 15-membered peptidic macrocycles based on the central ring system of vancomycin. Tripeptides 3a-c and dipeptide 11 were cyclized via an intramolecular Sonogashira reaction, and the cyclic peptides 4a-c and 15a were obtained in 6-23% yield. In contrast, macrolactamization of 12 and 17 resulted in the desired peptidic macrocycles 15b and 18 with 54-61% yield. Modeling studies hint at a distorted triple bond, which explains the low yield of the Sonogashira-based cyclization. Moreover, modeling data also showed that this class of peptidic macrocycles formed a cavity-like structure in which guest molecules may bind.
Laminins promote the locomotion of skeletal myoblasts via the alpha 7 integrin receptor (1996)

The alpha 7 beta 1 integrin is specifically expressed by skeletal and cardiac muscles, and its expression and alternative mRNA splicing at the cytoplasmic domain are developmentally regulated. We analyzed the role of alpha 7 integrin in mediating myoblast adhesion and motility on different laminin isoforms. Mouse C2C12 and MM14 myoblast cell lines were found by flow cytometry and immunoprecipitation to express high levels of the alpha 7 integrin. Overall expression of alpha 7 increased as the C2C12 myoblasts differentiated; myoblasts expressed only the alpha 7B cytoplasmic variant whereas in differentiating myotubes alpha 7A increased markedly. Function-perturbing monoclonal antibodies generated to alpha 7 integrin efficiently blocked both adhesion and migration of MM14 and C2C12 mouse myoblasts on laminin 1. Other studies with MM14 myoblasts showed that alpha 7 is also a receptor for laminin 2/4 (human placental merosins) but not for epithelial-cell-specific laminin 5. Blocking antibody to alpha 7 only partially inhibited adhesion to laminin 2/4 but almost completely blocked motility on this substrate. Finally, to assess the potential role of the alpha 7 cytoplasmic domain, CHO cells were stably transfected to expressed chimeric alpha 5 cDNA constructs containing the wild-type alpha 5 or the alpha 7A or alpha 7B cytoplasmic domain; all forms of the integrin showed identical activities for adhesion, migration, proliferation, and matrix assembly on fibronectin substrates. These results established that alpha 7 beta 1 receptor can promote myoblast adhesion and motility on a restricted number of laminin isoforms and may be important in myogenic precursor recruitment during regeneration and differentiation.
GENE TRANSFER TO HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS: Implications for Gene Therapy of Human Disease (1996)

Transfer of new genetic material to hematopoietic stem cells and expression of the gene product in daughter cells of various lineages is an exciting approach to the treatment of congenital and acquired human diseases. This review summarizes the current status of retroviral and adeno-associated viral vectors for gene transfer to human hematopoietic cells, including extensive preclinical data as well as preliminary results from ongoing clinical trials.
Robust Control of Residential Demand Response Network With Low Bandwidth Input (2008)

This preliminary work is concerned with low sample rate control of a residential Demand Response network. Residential Demand Response networks are very high order nonlinear stochastic systems. We provide a methodology for dealing with this complicated type of system. Then we examine the performance and robustness of potential controllers. To date, only sliding mode control has been examined, but further work will compare sliding mode control to other robust controllers.
Class-based n -gram models of natural language (1992)

We address the problem of predicting a word from previous words in a sample of text. In particular, we discuss n-gram models based on classes of words. We also discuss several statistical algorithms for assigning words to classes based on the frequency of their co-occurrence with other words. We find that we are able to extract classes that have the flavor of either syntactically based groupings or semantically based groupings, depending on the nature of the underlying statistics.
Immediate Effect of Acupuncture on the Sleep Pattern of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (2010)

A single session of either MA or EA 10 Hz had an acute effect in reducing the AHI as well as the number of nocturnal respiratory events of patients presenting with moderate OSA.
A novel DNA helicase from calf thymus. (1992)

We report the purification and characterization of a novel DNA helicase from calf thymus tissue. This enzyme partially copurifies with DNA polymerase epsilon* through many of the chromatographic procedures used to isolate it. The enzyme contains an intrinsic DNA-dependent ATPase activity. It can displace short oligonucleotides annealed to long single stranded substrates, in an ATP-dependent reaction. Use of this assay indicates that the DNA helicase translocates in a 3' to 5' direction with respect to the substrate strand to which it is bound. Maximal efficiency of displacement is accomplished by hydrolysis of (d)ATP as cofactor, however, (d)CTP can also be utilized resulting in a 5-fold decrease in the level of displacement. Displacement activity is enhanced by the presence of saturating amounts of Escherichia coli single stranded DNA-binding protein, not affected by the presence of phage T4 gene 32 protein, and inhibited by human replication factor A. The DNA helicase has a molecular mass of approximately 104 kDa as measured by denaturing gel electrophoresis, and an S value of 5.4 obtained from glycerol gradient sedimentation. Direct [alpha-32P]ATP cross-linking labels a protein of molecular mass approximately 105 kDa, providing further evidence that this polypeptide contains the helicase active site. In view of the differences in the properties of this helicase from four others recently identified in calf and designated A through D, we propose the name helicase E.
Endocytosis Is Enhanced in Tangier Fibroblasts (2001)

A human genetic disorder, Tangier disease, has been linked recently to mutations in ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1). In addition to its function in apoprotein A-I-mediated lipid removal, ABCA1 was also shown to be a phosphatidylserine (PS) translocase that facilitates PS exofacial flipping. This PS translocation is crucial for the plasma membrane to produce protrusions enabling the engulfment of apoptotic cells. In this report, we show that ABCA1 also plays a role in endocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis, probed by both transferrin and low density lipoprotein, is up-regulated by more than 50% in homozygous Tangier fibroblasts in comparison with controls. Fluid-phase uptake is increased similarly. We also demonstrate that bulk membrane flow, including lipid endocytosis and exocytosis, is accelerated greatly in Tangier cells. Moreover, endocytosis is similarly enhanced in normal fibroblasts when ABCA1 function is inhibited by glyburide, whereas glyburide has no effect on endocytosis in Tangier cells. In addition, we demonstrate a decreased annexin V binding in Tangier fibroblasts as compared with controls, supporting the notion that PS transmembrane distribution is indeed defective in the presence of ABCA1 mutations. Furthermore, adding a PS analog to the exofacial leaflet of the plasma membrane normalizes endocytosis in Tangier cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that ABCA1 plays an important role in endocytosis. We speculate that this is related to the PS translocase function of ABCA1. A loss of functional ABCA1, as in the case of Tangier cells, enhances membrane inward bending and facilitates endocytosis.