gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond Skill Rating: Advanced Matchmaking in Ghost Recon Online (2012)

Player satisfaction is particularly difficult to ensure in online games, due to interactions with other players. In adversarial multiplayer games, matchmaking typically consists in trying to match together players of similar skill level. However, this is usually based on a single-skill value, and assumes the only factor of “fun” is the game balance. We present a more advanced matchmaking strategy developed for Ghost Recon Online, an upcoming team-focused first-person shooter (FPS) from Ubisoft (Montreal, QC, Canada). We first show how incorporating more information about players than their raw skill can lead to more balanced matches. We also argue that balance is not the only factor that matters, and present a strategy to explicitly maximize the players' fun, taking advantage of a rich player profile that includes information about player behavior and personal preferences. Ultimately, our goal is to ask players to provide direct feedback on match quality through an in-game survey. However, because such data were not available for this study, we rely here on heuristics tailored to this specific game. Experiments on data collected during Ghost Recon Online's beta tests show that neural networks can effectively be used to predict both balance and player enjoyment.
Hereditary Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (1994)

We describe a 3 generation family with members affected with papillary renal cell carcinoma, an uncommon histological type of renal cell carcinoma. Multiple tumors of varying size were present in both kidneys of affected family members. The disorder was not linked to polymorphic markers on chromosome 3p and there was no loss of heterozygosity at loci on 3p in renal tumors. The results suggest the presence of a renal cell carcinoma gene not located on 3p that predisposes to renal cell carcinoma with a distinct histological appearance. The inherited disorder in this family appears to be different from recognized hereditary cancer syndromes.
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System in Homeostasis and Disease: A Role for Heme Oxygenase-1 (2013)

Unraveling the complexities of HO-1 expression specifically within MP will more completely define how HO-1 provides cytoprotection in vivo. The use of models in which HO-1 expression is specifically modulated in bone marrow-derived cells will allow for a more complete characterization of its immunoregulatory properties.
Direct chemical method for sequencing RNA. (1979)

Four different base-specific chemical reactions generate a means of directly sequencing RNA terminally labeled with 32P. After a partial, specific modification of each kind of RNA base, an amine-catalyzed strand scission generates labeled fragments whose lengths determine the position of each nucleotide in the sequence. Dimethyl sulfate modifies guanosine. Diethyl pyrocarbonate attacks primarily adenosine. Hydrazine attacks uridine and cytidine, but salt suppresses the reaction with uridine. In all cases, aniline induces a subsequent strand scission. The electrophoretic fractionation of the labeled fragments on a polyacrylamide gel, followed by autoradiography, determines the RNA sequence. RNA labeled at the 3' end yields clean cleavage patterns for each purine and pyrimidine and allows a determination of the entire RNA sequence out to 100-200 bases from the labeled terminus.
Distance Metric Learning for Large Margin Nearest Neighbor Classification (2005)

The accuracy of k-nearest neighbor (kNN) classification depends significantly on the metric used to compute distances between different examples. In this paper, we show how to learn a Mahalanobis distance metric for kNN classification from labeled examples. The Mahalanobis metric can equivalently be viewed as a global linear transformation of the input space that precedes kNN classification using Euclidean distances. In our approach, the metric is trained with the goal that the k-nearest neighbors always belong to the same class while examples from different classes are separated by a large margin. As in support vector machines (SVMs), the margin criterion leads to a convex optimization based on the hinge loss. Unlike learning in SVMs, however, our approach requires no modification or extension for problems in multiway (as opposed to binary) classification. In our framework, the Mahalanobis distance metric is obtained as the solution to a semidefinite program. On several data sets of varying size and difficulty, we find that metrics trained in this way lead to significant improvements in kNN classification. Sometimes these results can be further improved by clustering the training examples and learning an individual metric within each cluster. We show how to learn and combine these local metrics in a globally integrated manner.
Improvement of Ta diffusion barrier performance in Cu metallization by insertion of a thin Zr layer into Ta film (1998)

In order to increase the failure temperature of Ta diffusion barrier for Cu, we investigated the effect of insertion of a thin Zr layer into Ta film with/without ion bombardment on Ta diffusion barrier performance in Cu metallization. The insertion of a thin Zr layer into Ta film improved barrier properties significantly when the Ta/Zr/Ta barrier layers were deposited with concurrent ion bombardment. The significant improvement of Ta diffusion barrier properties by insertion of a thin Zr layer into Ta film with ion bombardment was attributed to the densification of grain boundaries in Ta/Zr/Ta films and the formation of an intermixing layer between Ta and Zr by ion bombardment, followed by the reduction of fast diffusion of Cu through Ta/Zr/Ta films.
Imagination-Augmented Agents for Deep Reinforcement Learning (2017)

We introduce Imagination-Augmented Agents (I2As), a novel architecture for deep reinforcement learning combining model-free and model-based aspects. In contrast to most existing model-based reinforcement learning and planning methods, which prescribe how a model should be used to arrive at a policy, I2As learn to interpret predictions from a learned environment model to construct implicit plans in arbitrary ways, by using the predictions as additional context in deep policy networks. I2As show improved data efficiency, performance, and robustness to model misspecification compared to several baselines.
Practical design of a bifocal hologram contact lens or intraocular lens (1992)

When designing diffractive lenses, a high-diffraction efficiency at a particular design wavelength is often the most important criterion. Recently it has become of interest to consider lens designs that split incident light predominantly into two orders for use as bifocal contact lenses or intraocular lenses. Surface- relief profiles on contact and intraocular lenses are subject to many practical constraints in addition to requiring high efficiencies at the two focal points. A new lens design combining a binary-amplitude absorption profile with a unique nonparabolic surface-relief profile is proposed to satisfy these constraints.
A Novel Surgical Robotic Platform Minimizing Access Trauma (2011)

Robotic surgery is nowadays common in clinical practice, thanks to the spread of the Intuitive Surgical’s Da Vinci platform [1]. The next generation of surgical robots should still guarantee the same dexterity and
Motions of Moored Vessels, a Statistical Approach (1986)

A probabilistic model is presented for calculating the risk of excessive ship motion and breakage of mooring lines of moored vessels, due to low frequency excitation. To compute surge motions and line forces semi-empirical formulas were developed, which are based on a considerable schematisation of reality and were calibrated with model test results. It is shown that the uncertainty of the model is negligible compared to the generally found variation of the input parameters which has to be taken into account for commercial vessels moored in harbours. The primary advantage of the proposed approach is to treat these parameters as stochastic variables in a fully probabilistic analysis. Some applications are shown, and a comparison is made with available data from a port along the Atlantic Ocean.
Depletion of stromal cell elements in human marrow grafts separated by soybean agglutinin (1985)

We report studies demonstrating the presence on human marrow stromal cells of binding sites for the soybean lectin (SBA). Marrow cells were separated by agglutination with SBA into an agglutinated cell (SBA+) fraction containing most mature hemic cells including T lymphocytes, and an unagglutinated cell (SBA-) fraction containing the hematopoietic stem cells. The vast majority of fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU- F) (97.2% +/- 1.1%) were in the SBA+ fraction. Mixing experiments using SBA+ and SBA- cells excluded the possibility that these results were caused by an unequal distribution of accessory cells having a regulatory effect on CFU-F growth. In the heterogeneous adherent layers of long-term marrow cultures derived from SBA+ and SBA- cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes were found almost exclusively in cultures of SBA+ marrow cells. Immunofluorescence studies with fluorescein-labeled SBA revealed the staining of cultured marrow fibroblasts. This staining was inhibited by D-galactose, which is the sugar that specifically binds to SBA. Staining of marrow-derived heterogeneous adherent layers with fluorescein-labeled SBA demonstrated that cultured endothelial cells (identified by rhodamine-labeled antibodies against factor VIII-associated protein) and early adipocytes also had surface glycoproteins binding SBA, although its density on the latter cells was much less important. Thus, our data indicate that human marrow grafts processed with soybean lectin to remove T cells are also depleted of the cellular components of the marrow stroma.
Neuroophthalmological Symptoms in Children Treated for Internal Hydrocephalus (1991)

The object of the study are 126 children with internal hydrocephalus treated within the period 1978-1990. The children were preoperatively divided into six groups according to the etiology of the hydrocephalus. Disorders of the visual functions accompanying elevated intracranial pressure (setting sun 51, syndrome of the aqueduct of Sylvius 14, paresis of craniocerebral nerves 9, nystagmus 8, optic atrophy 4) were established preoperatively in 48.4% of the children. 44 of the children were revised because of malfunction of the shunt with the following neuroophthalmological symptoms: setting sun 6, paresis of craniocerebral nerves 9, syndrome of the Sylvius aqueduct 6, papilledema 6, optic atrophy 9 and nystagmus 5. The fact that a great many changes in the visual functions sometimes precede the manifestations of the changes in CT image determines their significance for early diagnosis and treatment.
An Introduction to Free-space Optical Communications (2010)

Over the last two decades free-space optical communication (FSO) has become more and more interesting as an adjunct or alternative to radio frequency communication. This article gives an overview of the challenges a system designer has to consider while implementing an FSO system. Typical gains and losses along the path from the transmitter through the medium to the receiver are introduced in this article. Detailed discussions of these topics can be found in this special issue of the Radioengineering Journal.
Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein. Galactose a cryptic determinant of von Willebrand factor activity. (1978)

A C T The normal Factor VIII/von Wille- brand factor protein has the ability to agglutinate or aggregate normal platelets in the presence of ristocetin (von Willebrand factor activity). Removal of >95% of the sialic acid from this protein by neuraminidase did not affect the von Willebrand factor or procoagulant activity. However, oxidation of the penultimate galactose of the asialo Factor VIII/von Willebrand fac- tor protein with galactose oxidase resulted in a pro- gressive loss of von Willebrand factor activity with no effect on procoagulant activity. Reduction of the 6- aldehydo intermediate by potassium borohydride caused full regeneration ofvon Willebrand factor activ- ity. These studies confirm the identification of the in- tact penultimate galactose moiety as a critical de- terminant of von Willebrand factor activity.
Structure of 3-nitropyrazole in solution and in the solid state (1997)

The molecular and crystal structure of 3-nitropyrazole was determined by X-ray analysis. The triclinic unit cell contains 12 molecules which form four hydrogen-bonded (N—H···N) trimers. Each trimer comprises of pseudo-ring in a flattened envelope distorted towards a chair conformation. The crystal packing consists of layers formed by centrosymmetric related trimers joined through C—H···O interactions. Ab initio calculations were performed on 3(5)-nitro- and 4-nitropyrazole and their corresponding protonated forms up to the MP2/6–31G** level of theory. The origin of the difference in aqueous basicities between both nitropyrazoles is discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods for analysis of biologically functional antibodies to the HIV-1 gp120 principal neutralizing domain. (1991)

The humoral response to HIV-1 infection has been demonstrated by a variety of immunoassays utilizing viral proteins. While several assays detect HIV-1 infection with high sensitivity and great specificity, little progress has been made to develop immunoassays correlative with disease progression and viral transmission. Antibodies toward the V3 domain of HIV-1 envelope can prevent virus infection and block virus-mediated cell fusion in vitro. Such properties may be critical to the course of the disease. Furthermore, understanding the role of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 during infection in humans and generating biologically relevant neutralizing antibodies are paramount to developing an efficacious AIDS vaccine. In this study we explored peptide binding and neutralization assays and their relation to predicting disease progression and viral transmission. Biologically relevant polyclonal and monoclonal neutralizing antibodies that were derived from natural HIV-1 infection of humans, experimental infections of chimpanzees, and viral envelope protein peptide immunizations were characterized. Comparison of V3-specific monoclonal antibodies by antigen-limited ELISA and a quantitative HIV-1 neutralization assay demonstrated a less than optimal predictive relationship between binding and neutralization potency. On the other hand, polyclonal sera from goats immunized with V3-specific peptides derived from three different HIV-1 strains, as well as sera from other HIV-1-infected individuals demonstrated correlation between binding affinity and neutralization.
Australian Journal of Chemistry Celebrates its Sixtieth Anniversary (2007)

You are looking at the first issue of the sixtieth volume of the Australian Journal of Chemistry. The journal has changed enormously over the last sixty years but some crucial elements remain. AJC, as the journal is affectionately known, continues to be a major forum for the publication of some of the country’s and the region’s best chemical science. SinceAJC has a fine tradition of publishing papers on all aspects of chemistry, it also remains an important vehicle by which all researchers can promulgate their research to colleagues outside their own specific area(s) of the discipline.A survey of the authorship over the last six decades reveals the names of some of our most distinguished chemists, including Birch and Cornforth, while a glance at more recent issues of the journal provides the names of many rising stars in chemistry, especially those on the local scene. Although the journal has had anAustralasian-focus in the past, the current editorial direction, with an emphasis on ensuring proper coverage of a range of internationally recognized research priorities, means that this is less so now. As a consequence, and as evidenced by looking at the most highly cited papers published in AJC during 2004,[1–3] 2005,[4–6] and 2006,[7–9] the work produced by Australasian authors is receiving greater attention, while increasing numbers of papers arising from groups working in the Northern Hemisphere are now appearing in the journal. There is a basket of indicators that highlight the vigorous nature of AJC as a sixty year old. The impact factor is increasing steadily, as is the journal’s citation ranking. The web-based delivery of the journal has seen an almost exponential growth in the number of articles downloaded and thus confirming the continued enthusiasm for the journal within the research community. Equally importantly, submissions to the journal continue to increase while the introduction of Research Fronts has provided a remarkably popular forum for the publication of cutting-edge
Phospholipid composition of cultured human endothelial cells (1992)

Detailed analyses of the phospholipid compositions of cultured human endothelial cells are reported here. No significant differences were found between the phospholipid compositions of cells from human artery, saphenous and umbilical vein. However, due to the small sample sizes, relatively large standard deviations for some of the phospholipid classes were observed. A representative composition of endothelial cells is: phosphatidylcholine 36.6%, choline plasmalogen 3.7%, phosphatidylethanolamine 10.2%, ethanolamine plasmalogen 7.6%, sphingomyelin 10.8%, phosphatidylserine 7.1%, lysophosphatidylcholine 7.5%, phosphatidylinositol 3.1%, lysophosphatidylethanolamine 3.6%, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 1.8%, phosphatidic acid 1.9%, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 1.5%, and cardiolipin 1.9%. The cells possess high choline plasmalogen and lysophosphatidylethanolamine contents. The other phospholipids are within the normal biological ranges expected. Phospholipids were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and quantified by lipid phosphorus assay.
Autophagy Inhibition Enhances Apoptosis Induced by Ginsenoside Rk1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (2009)

Our previous study indicated that ginsenoside Rk1 has anti-tumor activity and that its mode of action in HepG2 cells treated for 48 h involves coordinated inhibition of telomerase and induction of apoptosis. In the present study, we found that Rk1 induces both G(1) phase arrest and autophagy, but not apoptosis, at an earlier stage of treatment. A 24-h incubation of HepG2cells with Rk1 induced G(1) phase arrest. Rk1-induced autophagy was documented by the conversion of microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-I to LC3-II, an autophagosome marker, and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) incorporation into autolysosomes. Combination of Rk1 with an autophagy inhibitor, such as bafilomycin A1 or beclin 1 siRNA, enhanced the anti-tumor effect of Rk1. These results imply that autophagy functions as a survival mechanism in HepG2 cells against Rk1-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our results support the use of autophagy inhibitors in combination with Rk1 as an effective anti-cancer regimen in HepG2 cells.
Possible Roles of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Developing X-Linked Hypophosphatemia (2005)

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was identified as a causative factor of autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) and tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). Continuous administration of FGF23 by transplanting the FGF23-expressing CHO cells reproduced typical features observed in TIO patients, such as hypophosphatemia, low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level, and osteomalacia in nude mice. A series of in vivo studies have shown that FGF23 can reduce sodium dependent phosphate co-transporter (NaPi2a) protein amount and 1-hydroxylase mRNA level, and increase 24-hydroxylase mRNA levels in kidney. Fgf23 knockout mice demonstrated severe hyperphosphatemia, significant elevation in serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level and abnormal skeletal development. In addition, vitamin D treatment or dietary phosphate loading have been shown to stimulate FGF23 production. These evidences suggest that FGF23 plays an essential role in regulating phosphate and vitamin D metabolisms in normal physiology. On the other hand, the elevation of serum FGF23 levels in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) has suggested important roles of FGF23 in developing XLH as well as ADHR and TIO. In our recent preliminary study, administration of anti-FGF23 neutralizing antibody ameliorated hypophosphatemia and rachitic bone characters in Hyp mice. These findings indicate a pathological contribution of FGF23 in development of XLH and may provide new insights to its therapy.
Digital holographic microscopy for live cell applications and technical inspection (2007)

Digital holographic microscopy enables a quantitative phase contrast metrology that is suitable for the investigation of reflective surfaces as well as for the marker-free analysis of living cells. The digital holographic feature of (subsequent) numerical focus adjustment makes possible applications for multifocus imaging. An overview of digital holographic microscopy methods is described. Applications of digital holographic microscopy are demonstrated by results obtained from livings cells and engineered surfaces.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) in adults with ADHD, RS: preliminary results from an open trial. (1990)

The psychostimulants d-amphetamine and methylphenidate are thought to be the most effective treatment in children, adolescents, and adults with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) because they potentiate both dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) at the synaptic cleft. These medications are not free from side effects and controversy. Newer effective and safe treatments are needed. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), the active form of methionine, acts as a methyl donor and is involved in many metabolic pathways. It has beta adrenergic and DA receptor agonist activity. We have been using oral SAM in a sample of well-diagnosed adults with ADHD, residual state (RS) in a 4-week open trial to establish SAM effectiveness and safety and in a 9-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Preliminary data from the open trial reveal that 75 percent (6 out of 8 male) patients improve on it. The 2 who did not improve had not improved on methylphenidate trial. Improvement ranged from moderate to marked, with minimal and transient side effects that did not interfere with functioning.
Isolation and characterization of a new class of cytochrome d terminal oxidase mutants of Escherichia coli (1991)

Cytochrome d terminal oxidase mutants were isolated by using hydroxylamine mutagenesis of pNG2, a pBR322-derived plasmid containing the wild-type cyd operon. The mutagenized plasmid was transformed into a cyo cyd recA strain, and the transformants were screened for the inability to confer aerobic growth on nonfermentable carbon sources. Western blot analysis and visible-light spectroscopy were performed to characterize three independent mutants grown both aerobically and anaerobically. The mutational variants of the cytochrome d complex were stabilized under anaerobic growth conditions. All three mutations perturb the b595 and d heme components of the complex. These mutations were mapped and sequenced and are shown to be located in the N-terminal third of subunit II of the cytochrome d complex. It is proposed that the N terminus of subunit II may interact with subunit I to form an interface that binds the b595 and d heme centers.
The Pea rbcS-3A Promoter Mediates Light Responsiveness but Not Organ Specificity (1989)

Cris Kuhlemeier, Gunter Strittmatter, Kathy Ward, Nam-Hai Chua, The Pea rbcS-3A Promoter Mediates Light Responsiveness but Not Organ Specificity, The Plant Cell, Vol. 1, No. 4 (Apr., 1989), pp. 471-478