gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infrastructure Development and Integration of Electrical-Based Dimensional Process Window Checking (2004)

This study aims to provide an integrated infrastructure for electrical-based dimensional process-window checking. The proposed infrastructure is comprised of design tools, testing programs, and analytical tools, providing an automatic and hierarchical test vehicle design flow from the design of the test structure to the analysis of the electrical test data. Symbolic parameter representation is adopted to describe the relationship between design rules and test structure parameters. This integrated infrastructure also provides a specific capability for controlling local/global layout geometry and pattern density, thereby fulfilling deep sub-micron design criteria. With the aid of this design platform, discrepancies between the design rule set, test structure design, and the testing plan are minimized. Using the function-independent Test Structure Design Intellectual Property ( TSD-IP) provided by this infrastructure, the process-window is quantitatively characterized as the electrical parameters. A cross-generation test vehicle (130-nm/90-nm nodes), used for evaluating any overlay shifts and variations in critical dimensions across the intra- and interphoto fields, has been developed to demonstrate the proposed design infrastructure.
Modeling and LPV flight control of the Canard Rotor/ Wing unmanned aerial vehicle (2011)

The concept, known as the Canard Rotor/Wing (CRW) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) combines the hover flight characteristic of a helicopter with high subsonic cruise of a fixed-wing aircraft. The longitudinal flight dynamic model of CRW was developed, and the trim result was derived in the full flight envelope. The linear model of CRW was derived by the Jacobian linear method, and it was nonlinearly dependent on the time-varying flight speed and altitude. The tensor-product (TP) model transformation was adopted to transform the model to a convex polytopic model form. Hence, a linear parameter-varying (LPV) synthesis method was used to design the flight control system of CRW in the rotary mode. The simulation results show that the desired performance objectives are achieved in the rotary flight stage.
Cytotoxicity of the anticancer agents cisplatin and taxol during cell proliferation and the cell cycle (1994)

The overt effects of the anti-cancer drugs cisplatin (cis-DDP) and taxol appear to be DNA modification and microtubule stabilization respectively, yet the mechanisms by which these drugs elicit tumor cell death are not well understood. In this report cell sensitivities to cis-DDP and taxol were accurately determined as a function of cell proliferation and cell cycle stage. Quiescent fibroblasts restimulated to synchronously enter the cell cycle become maximally sensitive to cis-DDP immediately preceding DNA synthesis, and resistance increases with onset of DNA synthesis. Mid-log proliferating cells were separated into progressive stages of the cell cycle by centrifugal elutriation or by double thymidine (dThd) block. Cells staged by either method are maximally sensitive to cis-DDP in G1, just prior to the onset of DNA synthesis and minimally sensitive in peak DNA synthesis, with entry into S phase resulting in a 2-fold decrease in sensitivity. Cells that remained blocked at the G1/S phase boundary during cis-DDP treatment remain maximally sensitive after release. Sensitivity to taxol increases at 2 points: transiently during transition of normal cells from quiescence to proliferation and steadily as proliferating cells progress from early G1 to late G2. This 3-fold increase in taxol sensitivity through the cell cycle is rapidly reversed upon cell division. Synchronous cells treated with either drug at points of maximum sensitivity initiate apoptotic DNA fragmentation 12-14 hr post-exposure to drug.
Expression of neuron specific enolase (NSE) in metastatic melanoma: Implications for progression of disease (2008)

5567 For immunotherapeutic treatment of organ-metastasized melanoma patients, we formulate melanoma cell vaccine from patients own tumor tissues. Antigen profiling is a critical aspect of immunotherapy. In view of well known heterogeneity of human melanoma, neither all tumor cells express all the antigens nor the antigens expressed by all cells are of same density. Very few studies have been undertaken to correlate antigen expression by the tumor cells used in vaccine with therapeutic outcome. Using a semiquantitative immunocytochemistry protocol, we have carried out antigen profiling of the autologous tumor cell vaccine. The following marker antigens were studied: CD20, CD24, CD33, CD34, CD44, CD117, CD133, CD166, ABCG2, Chk1, Chk2, 4-Oct, Muc-18, Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE), and Nestin in 27 cell lines. There are two aspects to these antigen markers. First, their prevalence or absence in the tumor tissue of the patient. Second, their prevalence or absence in the tumor cell vaccine administered to the patient. Both are critical to make correlation of antigen expression with survival. All cell lines have expressed uniformly CD44. Of other antigens, CD20, CD33, CD166, Muc-18, Nestin, and NSE were expressed at varying levels in these cell lines. The rest of the antigens (CD24, CD34, CD117, CD133, ABCG2, Chk1, Chk2, and 4-Oct) were negative in all cell lines. Expression of Nestin was seen in 26/27 cell lines with >25% cells in 21 and 25% cells in 24 and 25% cells in 14 cell lines whereas
Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics (1991)

Isolation and purification of nucleic acids DNA reassociation experiments DNA-rRNA hybridization and methods DNA sequencing in bacterial systematics direct sequence analysis of small RNAs 16S/23S rRNA sequencing the polymerase chain reaction development and application of nucleic acid probes DNA fingerprinting from macromolecules to trees.
Migraine burden and costs in France: a nationwide claims database analysis of triptan users (2019)

<b>Objectives:</b> To estimate the burden of migraine in the population of French patients identified as specific migraine acute treatment users compared to a control group. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was performed on the Echantillon Généraliste des Bénéficiaires claims database, a 1/97 random sample of the French public insurance database. A representative sample of all adults with at least one delivery of triptans, ergot derivatives or acetylsalicylic acid/metoclopramide (all drugs with a specific label in migraine acute treatment - SMAT) in 2014 was selected with a control group matched on age, gender and geographic region. Among triptan users, a sub-group of over-users was defined according to their level of triptan uptake expressed in defined daily doses (DDD - a standard daily dose of treatment of acute migraine) per month over 3 months and more, was also compared with controls. The cost analysis was performed in a societal perspective for direct costs. Sick leave indirect costs were estimated using the human capital approach. <b>Results:</b> In total 8639 SMAT users (mean age: 44.6 years; 78.7% women) were selected representing a crude prevalence rate of 1.7%. The annual per capita total healthcare expenditures were higher by €280 in this group compared to controls (€2463 vs. €2183). Triptans contributed 47.8% to this extra cost. They used significantly (<i>p</i> < .0001) more frequently than controls antidepressants (20.8% vs. 11.0%), anxiolytics (29.4% vs. 18.8%) and analgesics (53.8% vs. 35.8%). The per capita annual productivity loss associated with sick leave was higher by €295 (€1712 vs. €1417). Among triptan users, there were 2.9% over-users. This last group was characterized by substantially higher per capita annual extra direct (+ €1805) and indirect costs (productivity loss +€706) compared to controls. <b>Conclusions:</b> Due to its high prevalence, migraine costs generate a significant societal burden. The group of over-users concentrates high per capita direct and indirect costs.
Organic Dyes Incorporating Low-Band-Gap Chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2005)

Versatile dyes based on benzothiadiazole and benzoselenadiazole chromophores have been developed that perform efficiently in dye-sensitized solar cells. Power conversion efficiency of 3.77% is realized for a dye in which charge recombination is probably hindered by the nonplanar charge-separated structure.
Electrical Conductivity of Woven Fabrics Coated with Carbon Black Particles (2012)

The aim of this work was to develop a textile fabric with electrical conductivity. This fabric was made from cotton yarns coated with a solution based on carbon black. This paper reports the results of preparing different recipes using a number of quantities of carbon black particles and other components of the coating mixture, which were tested in order to obtain the best results regarding electrical conductivity. The optimal concentration of conductive particles of carbon black was studied.
Fast mining of massive tabular data via approximate distance computations (2003)

Tabular data abound in many data stores: traditional relational databases store tables, and new applications also generate massive tabular datasets. We present methods for determining similar regions in massive tabular data. Our methods are for computing the "distance" between any two subregions of tabular data: they are approximate, but highly accurate as we prove mathematically, and they are fast, running in time nearly linear in the table size. Our methods are general since these distance computations can be applied to any mining or similarity algorithms that use L/sub p/ norms. A novelty of our distance computation procedures is that they work for any L/sub p/ norms, not only the traditional p = 2 or p = 1, but for all p /spl les/ 2; the choice of p, say fractional p, provides an interesting alternative similarity behavior! We use our algorithms in a detailed experimental study of the clustering patterns in real tabular data obtained from one of AT&T's data stores and show that our methods are substantially faster than straightforward methods while remaining highly accurate, and able to detect interesting patterns by varying the value of p.
Five-fold symmetry in crystalline quasicrystal lattices (1996)

To demonstrate that crystallographic methods can be applied to index and interpret diffraction patterns from well-ordered quasicrystals that display non-crystallographic 5-fold symmetry, we have characterized the properties of a series of periodic two-dimensional lattices built from pentagons, called Fibonacci pentilings, which resemble aperiodic Penrose tilings. The computed diffraction patterns from periodic pentilings with moderate size unit cells show decagonal symmetry and are virtually indistinguishable from that of the infinite aperiodic pentiling. We identify the vertices and centers of the pentagons forming the pentiling with the positions of transition metal atoms projected on the plane perpendicular to the decagonal axis of quasicrystals whose structure is related to crystalline eta phase alloys. The characteristic length scale of the pentiling lattices, evident from the Patterson (autocorrelation) function, is approximately tau 2 times the pentagon edge length, where tau is the golden ratio. Within this distance there are a finite number of local atomic motifs whose structure can be crystallographically refined against the experimentally measured diffraction data.
Identification of an Outer Segment Targeting Signal in the Cooh Terminus of Rhodopsin Using Transgenic Xenopus laevis (2000)

Mislocalization of the photopigment rhodopsin may be involved in the pathology of certain inherited retinal degenerative diseases. Here, we have elucidated rhodopsin's targeting signal which is responsible for its polarized distribution to the rod outer segment (ROS). Various green fluorescent protein (GFP)/rhodopsin COOH-terminal fusion proteins were expressed specifically in the major red rod photoreceptors of transgenic Xenopus laevis under the control of the Xenopus opsin promoter. The fusion proteins were targeted to membranes via lipid modifications (palmitoylation and myristoylation) as opposed to membrane spanning domains. Membrane association was found to be necessary but not sufficient for efficient ROS localization. A GFP fusion protein containing only the cytoplasmic COOH-terminal 44 amino acids of Xenopus rhodopsin localized exclusively to ROS membranes. Chimeras between rhodopsin and alpha adrenergic receptor COOH-terminal sequences further refined rhodopsin's ROS localization signal to its distal eight amino acids. Mutations/deletions of this region resulted in partial delocalization of the fusion proteins to rod inner segment (RIS) membranes. The targeting and transport of endogenous wild-type rhodopsin was unaffected by the presence of mislocalized GFP fusion proteins.
The Structural Chemistry of Crystalline Carbon: Geometry, Stability, and Electronic Spectrum (1984)

The crystalline modifications of carbon described in the literature are briefly reviewed. The publications in which new types of structures, differing from the diamond and graphite lattices, are proposed and discussed are analysed in detail. The geometrical-topological characteristics of the hypothetical modifications of carbon, their relative stabilities, the nature of the chemical bonds, and the structure of the electronic spectra are discussed. The bibliography includes 129 references.
Hepatocyte growth factor prevents acute renal failure and accelerates renal regeneration in mice. (1994)

Although acute renal failure is encountered with administration of nephrotoxic drugs, ischemia, or unilateral nephrectomy, there has been no effective drug which can be used in case of acute renal failure. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent hepatotropic factor for liver regeneration and is known to have mitogenic, motogenic, and morphogenic activities for various epithelial cells, including renal tubular cells. Intravenous injection of recombinant human HGF into mice remarkably suppressed increases in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine caused by administration of cisplatin, a widely used antitumor drug, or HgCl2, thereby indicating that HGF strongly prevented the onset of acute renal dysfunction. Moreover, exogenous HGF stimulated DNA synthesis of renal tubular cells after renal injuries caused by HgCl2 administration and unilateral nephrectomy and induced reconstruction of the normal renal tissue structure in vivo. Taken together with our previous finding that expression of HGF was rapidly induced after renal injuries, these results allow us to conclude that HGF may be the long-sought renotropic factor for renal regeneration and may prove to be effective treatment for patients with renal dysfunction, especially that caused by cisplatin.
Total synthesis of (−)-epothilone B (1998)

The sixteen-membered ring macrolide (–)-epothilone B 1 has been synthesized by a route which features stereospecific methylation of an (E)-γ,δ-epoxy acrylate, the use of a double asymmetric reaction employing (R,R)-diisopropyltartrate and (E)-crotylboronate, and ring closure by means of an olefin metathesis reaction.
An update on the classifications, diagnosis, and treatment of rhinosinusitis (2009)

Rhinosinusitis is a common medical problem that interferes with patient quality of life and loss of work productivity. Because of the heterogeneity that underlies its pathology, no one treatment regimen exists for the management of rhinosinusitis.
Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke (2005)

Stroke is a leading cause of adult motor disability. Despite recent progress, recovery of motor function after stroke is usually incomplete. This double blind, Sham-controlled, crossover study was designed to test the hypothesis that non-invasive stimulation of the motor cortex could improve motor function in the paretic hand of patients with chronic stroke. Hand function was measured using the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTT), a widely used, well validated test for functional motor assessment that reflects activities of daily living. JTT measured in the paretic hand improved significantly with non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), but not with Sham, an effect that outlasted the stimulation period, was present in every single patient tested and that correlated with an increment in motor cortical excitability within the affected hemisphere, expressed as increased recruitment curves (RC) and reduced short-interval intracortical inhibition. These results document a beneficial effect of non-invasive cortical stimulation on a set of hand functions that mimic activities of daily living in the paretic hand of patients with chronic stroke, and suggest that this interventional strategy in combination with customary rehabilitative treatments may play an adjuvant role in neurorehabilitation.
Induction of CD1-Restricted Immune Responses in Guinea Pigs by Immunization with Mycobacterial Lipid Antigens (2002)

Abstract Group 1 CD1 molecules have been shown to present lipid and glycolipid Ags of mycobacteria to human T cells. However, a suitable animal model for the investigation of this component of antimycobacterial immunity has not yet been established. Previously, we found that guinea pigs express multiple isoforms of group 1 CD1 proteins that are homologous to human CD1b and CD1c. In this study, we show that CD1-restricted T cell responses can be generated in guinea pigs following immunization with lipid Ags from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Splenic T cells from lipid Ag-immunized guinea pigs showed strong proliferative responses to total lipid Ags and partially purified glycolipid fractions from M. tuberculosis. These lipid Ag-reactive T cells were enriched in CD4-negative T cell fractions and showed cytotoxic activity against CD1-expressing guinea pig bone marrow-derived dendritic cells pulsed with M. tuberculosis lipid Ags. Using guinea pig cell lines transfected with individual CD1 isoforms as target cells in cytotoxic T cell assays, we found that guinea pig CD1b and CD1c molecules presented M. tuberculosis glycolipid Ags to T cells raised by mycobacterial lipid immunization. These results were confirmed using a T cell line derived from M. tuberculosis lipid Ag-immunized guinea pigs, which also showed CD1-restricted responses and cytolytic activity. Our results demonstrate that CD1-restricted responses against microbial glycolipid Ags can be generated in vivo by specific immunization and provide support for the use of the guinea pig as a relevant small animal model for the study of CD1-restricted immune responses to mycobacterial pathogens.
Cell and circuit design for single-poly EPROM (1989)

The design and characterization of single-poly erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) cells in a standard CMOS p-well technology are discussed. Process-compatible high-voltage drivers for programming the cells are presented. A memory array is implemented to illustrate the integration of the cells with standard logic circuitry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ENZ Conducting Oxide Broadband Perfect Absorbers with Deep Sub-Wavelength Thicknesses (2017)

Absorption due to bound and radiative modes in ultrathin epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) conducting oxide multilayers is computed. Multilayers with 11-nm-thin ENZ absorb &gt;95% of light in 1-1.5 μm wavelength range by exciting ENZ bound or leaky modes.
Cloning of Metalloprotease Genes in the Carpet Viper (Echis pyramidurm leakeyi) (1994)

The genes coding for two metalloproteases, EcH-I and EcH-II, have been cloned from an Echis pyramidum leakeyi venom gland cDNA library. The cDNA sequences predict two zymogen molecules with strong amino acid sequence similarity and the same domain structure present in other members of the viper metalloprotease/disintegrin gene family. EcH-I and EcH-II contain pro-protein, enzyme and disintegrin domains. Analysis of the cDNAs coding for EcH-I, EcH-II, jararhagin, trigramin and Ht-e reveals a strong similarity, particularly in the untranslated regions and regions coding for the pro-peptide. Comparison of EcH-I and EcH-II with venom metalloproteases, mammalian matrix-degrading metalloproteases, sperm proteins, and a potential tumour suppressor gene highlights the presence of a number of motifs with potential functional significance.
Positive and negative regulation of endogenous genes by designed transcription factors (2000)

Gene regulation by imposed localization was studied by using designed zinc finger proteins that bind 18-bp DNA sequences in the 5' untranslated regions of the protooncogenes erbB-2 and erbB-3. Transcription factors were generated by fusion of the DNA-binding proteins to repression or activation domains. When introduced into cells these transcription factors acted as dominant repressors or activators of, respectively, endogenous erbB-2 or erbB-3 gene expression. Significantly, imposed regulation of the two genes was highly specific, despite the fact that the transcription factor binding sites targeted in erbB-2 and erbB-3 share 15 of 18 nucleotides. Regulation of erbB-2 gene expression was observed in cells derived from several species that conserve the DNA target sequence. Repression of erbB-2 in SKBR3 breast cancer cells inhibited cell-cycle progression by inducing a G(1) accumulation, suggesting the potential of designed transcription factors for cancer gene therapy. These results demonstrate the willful up- and down-regulation of endogenous genes, and provide an additional means to alter biological systems.
Defective herpes simplex virus type 1 vectors harboring gag, pol, and env genes can be used to rescue defective retrovirus vectors (1997)

A retroviral packaging transcription unit was constructed in which the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) gag-pol and env genes are expressed under the control of herpesvirus regulatory sequences. This transcription unit, lacking long terminal repeats, primer binding sites, and most of the retrovirus packaging signal but retaining both retroviral donor and acceptor splice sites, was cloned into a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon plasmid, and amplicon vectors (the gag-pol-env [GPE] vectors) were generated by using a defective HSV-1 vector as helper virus. The GPE vector population was used to infect human TE671 cells (ATCC CRL 8805), harboring a lacZ provirus (TE-lac2 cells), and supernatants of infected cells were collected and filtered at different times after infection. These supernatants were found to contain infectious ecotropic lacZ retroviral particles, as shown both by reverse transcription-PCR and by their ability to transduce a beta-galactosidase activity to murine NIH 3T3 cells but not to human TE671 cells. The titer of retroviral vectors released by GPE vector-infected TE-lac2 cells increased with the dose of infectious amplicon particles. Retrovirus vector production was inhibited by superinfection with helper virus, indicating that helper virus coinfection negatively interfered with retrovirus production. Induction of retrovirus vectors by GPE vectors was neutralized by anti-HSV-1 but not by anti-MoMLV antiserum, while transduction of beta-galactosidase activity to NIH 3T3 cells by supernatants of GPE vector-infected TE-lac2 cells was neutralized by anti-MoMLV antiserum. These results demonstrate that HSV-1 GPE amplicon vectors can rescue defective lacZ retrovirus vectors and suggest that they could be used as a sort of launching ramp to fire defective retrovirus vectors from within virtually any in vitro or in vivo cell type containing defective retroviral vectors.