gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of oleuropein, an olive oil biophenol, on low density lipoprotein oxidizability in rabbits (2000)

On the basis of the results obtained with pilot studies conducted in vitro on human low density lipoprotein (LDL) and on cell cultures (Caco-2), which had indicated the ability of certain molecules present in olive oil to inhibit prooxidative processes, an in vivo study was made of laboratory rabbits fed special diets. Three different diets were prepared: a standard diet for rabbits (diet A), a standard diet for rabbits modified by the addition of 10% (w/w) extra virgin olive oil (diet B), a modified standard diet for rabbits (diet C) differing from diet B only in the addition of 7 mg kg(-1) of oleuropein. A series of biochemical parameters was therefore identified, both in the rabbit plasma and the related isolated LDL, before and after Cu-induced oxidation. The following, in particular, were selected: (i) biophenols, vitamins E and C, uric acid, and total, free, and ester cholesterol in the plasma; (ii) proteins, triglycerides, phospholipids, and total, free, and ester cholesterol in the native LDL (for the latter, the dimensions were also measured); (iii) lipid hydroperoxides, aldehydes, conjugated dienes, and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) in the oxidized LDL (ox-LDL). In an attempt to summarize the results obtained, it can be said that this investigation has not only verified the antioxidant efficacy of extra virgin olive oil biophenols and, in particular, of oleuropein, but has also revealed a series of thus far unknown effects of the latter on the plasmatic lipid situation. In fact, the addition of oleuropein in diet C increased the ability of LDL to resist oxidation (less conjugated diene formation) and, at the same time, reduced the plasmatic levels of total, free, and ester cholesterol (-15, -12, and -17%, respectively), giving rise to a redistribution of the lipidic components of LDL (greater phospholipid and cholesterol amounts) with an indirect effect on their dimensions (bigger by about 12%).
Stromal expression of cathepsin K in squamous cell carcinoma (2010)

Cathepsin K-positive stromal fibroblasts may play a crucial role in SCC progression by promoting extracellular matrix degradation, thereby facilitating SCC growth and invasion into surrounding tissue and vasculature. CTSK inhibitors may be a potential novel therapeutic option to decrease SCC progression.
Low-dose ciclosporin, prednisone, and azathioprine after initial immunosuppression with ciclosporin and prednisone in a pediatric renal transplant population. (1990)

The use of a triple therapy regimen after initial immunosuppression with prednisone and ciclosporin in the pediatric age groups has not been described. Twenty-two patients were switched to low-dose ciclosporin, prednisone, and azathioprine due to toxicity, noncompliance, and long-term ciclosporin treatment. The acute rejection rate was 13.5%; one graft was lost to irreversible rejection. No infections occurred. There was no difference in the frequency of return to dialysis in the group converted to triple therapy when compared to a control group remaining on double therapy with prednisone and ciclosporin. The efficacy and safety of changing immunosuppression in the pediatric age group needs to be confirmed in a prospective, randomized fashion.
The nuclear factor HMGB1 mediates hepatic injury after murine liver ischemia-reperfusion (2005)

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear factor that is released extracellularly as a late mediator of lethality in sepsis as well as after necrotic, but not apoptotic, death. Here we demonstrate that in contrast to the delayed role of HMGB1 in the systemic inflammation of sepsis, HMGB1 acts as an early mediator of inflammation and organ damage in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. HMGB1 levels were increased during liver I/R as early as 1 h after reperfusion and then increased in a time-dependent manner up to 24 h. Inhibition of HMGB1 activity with neutralizing antibody significantly decreased liver damage after I/R, whereas administration of recombinant HMGB1 worsened I/R injury. Treatment with neutralizing antibody was associated with less phosphorylation of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase and higher nuclear factor-kappaB DNA binding in the liver after I/R. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-defective (C3H/Hej) mice exhibited less damage in the hepatic I/R model than did wild-type (C3H/HeOuj) mice. Anti-HMGB1 antibody failed to provide protection in C3H/Hej mice, but successfully reduced damage in C3H/Ouj mice. Together, these results demonstrate that HMGB1 is an early mediator of injury and inflammation in liver I/R and implicates TLR4 as one of the receptors that is involved in the process.
A scalable security architecture for multimedia communication standards (1997)

In multimedia conferencing systems the need for confidentiality gains in importance. This goal can be achieved by encryption. In real-time video processing systems there is a special need for partial data encryption. Existing methods and their weaknesses are investigated. We present a new approach for partial encryption of video data, which allows a security level of nearly every granularity. It can be applied to all JPEG-based video compression methods.
Synergistic Effect of Histone Hyperacetylation and DNA Demethylation in the Reactivation of the FMR1 Gene (1999)

Most fragile X syndrome patients have expansion of a (CGG)(n)sequence with >200 repeats (full mutation) in the FMR1 gene responsible for this condition. Hypermethylation of the expanded repeat and of the FMR1 promoter is almost always present and apparently suppresses transcription, resulting in absence of the FMR1 protein. We recently showed that transcriptional reactivation of FMR1 full mutations can be achieved by inducing DNA demethylation with 5-azadeoxycytidine (5-azadC). The level of histone acetylation is another important factor in regulating gene expression; therefore, we treated lymphoblastoid cell lines of non-mosaic full mutation patients with three drugs capable of inducing histone hyperacetylation. We observed a consistent, although modest, reactivation of the FMR1 gene with 4-phenylbutyrate, sodium butyrate and trichostatin A, as shown by RT-PCR. However, we report that combining these drugs with 5-azadC results in a 2- to 5-fold increase in FMR1 mRNA levels obtained with 5-azadC alone, thus showing a marked synergistic effect of histone hyperacetylation and DNA demethylation in the reactivation of FMR1 full mutations.
Broken expectations in the digital home (2006)

As part of an ongoing effort to understand ease of use of digital home technologies, we undertook an exploratory study of people who use their home networks for more than just broadband Internet access. In particular, we wanted to understand the overhead, or problem-time, people spent with their home network devices. As expected, we saw issues of broken hardware and broken software. We also found that problems are often caused by broken expectations, a mismatch between what a person expects to be able to do and specific device capabilities. In this paper we explore broken expectations in the digital home with examples from our study. These observations suggest further research into the ways user expectations and activities shape the digital home experience.
Dignity and Deferral Narratives as Strategies in Facilitated Technology-Based Support Groups for People with Advanced Cancer (2012)

This paper examines the value of facilitated telephone and online support groups for palliative care. Telephone interviews were conducted with twenty people living with advanced cancer who had participated in either a telephone or online support group facilitated by the Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Two dominant participant narratives emerged: a focus on dying with dignity or an interest in deferring discussion of death and dying to focus on the present. Despite the different approaches, participants found the technology-based support groups to be accessible and safe environments in which to discuss difficult topics in privacy. Technology-based strategies provide opportunities for health professionals to provide social and emotional care to more people by moving beyond individualised care and facilitate peer-to-peer support at the end of life, especially to those with specific needs. Such options are feasible for palliative care services to set up and acceptable to a group of clients, especially for younger clients or those socially or geographically isolated.
B7-H4 Is Highly Expressed in Ductal and Lobular Breast Cancer (2005)

The nearly ubiquitous expression of B7-H4 in breast cancer, independent of tumor grade or stage, suggests a critical role for this protein in breast cancer biology.
Microalgal docosahexaenoic acid decreases plasma triacylglycerol in normolipidaemic vegetarians: a randomised trial (2006)

Triacylglycerol (TG) lowering effects of n-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) have been repeatedly demonstrated, but studies investigating the individual effects of EPA or DHA on plasma TG and lipoproteins in man are rare. The effects of a new DHA-rich, almost EPA-free microalgae oil (Ulkenia sp.) on plasma lipids and several safety parameters were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design intervention study. Normolipidaemic vegetarians (eighty-seven females, twenty-seven males) consumed daily microalgae oil (0.94 g DHA/d) or olive oil (as placebo) for 8 weeks. DHA supplementation decreased plasma TG by 23 % from 1.08 (sem 0.07) to 0.83 (sem 0.04) mmol/l (P<0.001). Absolute TG decreases after DHA supplementation were inversely correlated to baseline TG concentrations (r -0.627, P<0.001). Plasma total, LDL and HDL cholesterol increased significantly in the DHA group, resulting in lower TG:HDL cholesterol and unchanged LDL:HDL and total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratios. The intake of DHA-rich microalgae oil did not result in any physiologically relevant changes of safety and haemostatic factors. In conclusion, DHA-rich oil from microalgae Ulkenia sp. was well tolerated and can be considered a suitable vegetarian source of n-3 LCPUFA. Although DHA supplementation improved some CHD risk factors (plasma TG, TG:HDL cholesterol ratio), LDL cholesterol increased. Therefore, the overall effects of this intervention on CHD risk deserve further investigation.
Therapeutic levels of human Factor VIII in mice implanted with encapsulated cells: potential for gene therapy of haemophilia A (2002)

Implantable microcapsules can deliver therapeutic levels of FVIII in mice, suggesting the potential of this gene therapy approach for haemophilia A. The findings suggest vector down-regulation in vivo.
Teach Yourself Java 1.2 in 21 Days (1997)

From the Publisher:
Introducing the first, best, and most detailed guide to developing applications with the hot new Java language from Sun Microsystems.
Provides detailed coverage of the hottest new technology on the World Wide Web
Shows readers how to develop applications using the Java language
Includes coverage of browsing Java applications with Netscape and other popular Web browsers
Eribulin mesylate reduces tumor microenvironment abnormality by vascular remodeling in preclinical human breast cancer models (2014)

Eribulin mesylate is a synthetic macrocyclic ketone analog of the marine sponge natural product halichondrin B and an inhibitor of microtubule dynamics. Some tubulin-binding drugs are known to have antivascular (antiangiogenesis or vascular-disrupting) activities that can target abnormal tumor vessels. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI analyses, here we show that eribulin induces remodeling of tumor vasculature through a novel antivascular activity in MX-1 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer xenograft models. Vascular remodeling associated with improved perfusion was shown by Hoechst 33342 staining and by increased microvessel density together with decreased mean vascular areas and fewer branched vessels in tumor tissues, as determined by immunohistochemical staining for endothelial marker CD31. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of normal host cells in the stroma of xenograft tumors showed that eribulin altered the expression of mouse (host) genes in angiogenesis signaling pathways controlling endothelial cell-pericyte interactions, and in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway in the context of the tumor microenvironment. Eribulin also decreased hypoxia-associated protein expression of mouse (host) vascular endothelial growth factor by ELISA and human CA9 by immunohistochemical analysis. Prior treatment with eribulin enhanced the anti-tumor activity of capecitabine in the MDA-MB-231 xenograft model. These findings suggest that eribulin-induced remodeling of abnormal tumor vasculature leads to a more functional microenvironment that may reduce the aggressiveness of tumors due to elimination of inner tumor hypoxia. Because abnormal tumor microenvironments enhance both drug resistance and metastasis, the apparent ability of eribulin to reverse these aggressive characteristics may contribute to its clinical benefits.
Effects of chronic oral consumption of nicotine on the rabbit aortic endothelium. (1981)

New Zealand white rabbits (10) were administered daily doses of nicotine (2.4 mg/kg/day) in their drinking water for 25 weeks. Nicotine-treated rabbits were compared with control rabbits (10) in terms of blood serum biochemistry and lipid profiles, blood cells counts, changes in aortic endothelial cell morphologic characteristic and distribution, and vessel wall permeability (Evans blue dye uptake). Fasting serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were elevated in nicotine-treated rabbits. No significant differences (nicotine vs control) were seen in leukocyte, erythrocyte and platelet counts, or hematocrit and hemoglobin. Control and nicotine-treated rabbit aortas showed similar focal areas of increased Evans blue dye uptake; staining was localized primarily to aortic arch areas. Endothelial cells (luminal surface) from non-Evans blue and Evans blue arch areas were examined by a combination of Häutchen preparation (silver-stained vessels) and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Endothelial cells from nicotine-treated arch areas (Evans-blue-stained) showed extensive changes such as: increased cytoplasmic silver deposition, increased formation of microvilli, and numerous focal areas of "ruffled" endothelium (projections on cell surfaces). These data indicate that nicotine, administered orally to rabbits, has a demonstrable in vivo morphologic effect on endothelial cells in the aortic arch.
Role of Physical Mechanisms in Biological Self-Organization (2005)

Organs form during morphogenesis, the process that gives rise to specialized biological structures of specific shape and function in early embryonic development. Morphogenesis is under strict genetic control, but shape evolution itself is a physical process. Here we report the results of experimental and modeling biophysical studies on in vitro biological structure formation. Experimentally, by controlling the interaction between cells and their embedding matrices, we were able to build living structures of definite geometry. The experimentally observed shape evolution was reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations, which also shed light on the biophysical basis of the process. Our work suggests a novel way to engineer biological structures of controlled shape.
Transaction processing in mobile, heterogeneous database systems (2002)

As technological advances are made in software and hardware, the feasibility of accessing information "any time, anywhere" is becoming a reality. Furthermore, the diversity and amount of information available to a given user is increasing at a rapid rate. In a mobile computing environment, a potentially large number of users may simultaneously access the global data; therefore, there is a need to provide a means to allow concurrent management of transactions. Current multidatabase concurrency control schemes do not address the limited bandwidth and frequent disconnection associated with wireless networks. This paper proposes a new hierarchical concurrency control algorithm. The proposed concurrency control algorithm, v-lock, uses global locking tables created with semantic information contained within the hierarchy. The locking tables are used to serialize global transactions, detect and remove global deadlocks. Additionally, data replication, at the mobile unit, is used to limit the effects of the restrictions imposed by a mobile environment. The replicated data provides additional availability in case of a weak connection or disconnection. Current research has concentrated on page and file-based caching or replication schemes to address the availability and consistency issues in a mobile environment. In a mobile, multidatabase environment, local autonomy restrictions prevent the use of a page or file-based data replication scheme. This paper proposes a new data replication scheme to address the limited bandwidth and local autonomy restrictions. Queries and the associated data are cached at the mobile unit as a complete object. Consistency is maintained by using a parity-based invalidation scheme. A simple prefetching scheme is used in conjunction with caching to further improve the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Finally, a simulator was developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The simulation results are presented and discussed.
Human N-ras: cDNA cloning and gene structure (1985)

The structure and organisation of the human N-ras gene has been determined by analysing cDNA clones derived from the two main mRNA transcripts. One clone in particular is 4.1 Kb long and originates from the larger (4.3 Kb) message. Sequence analysis of this clone has revealed that the N-ras gene consists of seven exons. A second clone deriving from the smaller (2 Kb) message shows that the difference between the two transcripts is a simple extension through the termination site of the 2 Kb transcript. Using S1 analysis, two transcriptional starts have been mapped, 10 bp apart. There is no obvious TATA box in the expected promoter region of the gene, though there are 4 GGGCGG sequences surrounding the start sites. The 5' untranslated sequence contains 2 ATGs upstream of the initiation codon.
Introduction of foreign genes into tissues of living mice by DNA-coated microprojectiles. (1991)

Foreign genes were expressed in liver and skin cells of live mice by using a new apparatus to accelerate DNA-coated microprojectiles into tissues. After introduction of a plasmid in which the firefly luciferase gene was controlled by the human beta-actin promoter, luciferase activity was detectable for up to 14 days in mouse tissues (skin and liver). In situ hybridization histochemistry revealed that microprojectiles penetrated through multiple cell layers without evidence of tissue injury and that 10-20% of the cells in the bombarded area expressed the foreign gene. An advantage of the new design is that internal organs, such as liver, can be transfected without subjecting the tissue to a vacuum. This procedure potentially is applicable to a wide variety of tissues and cell types for studies of transcriptional control elements and for expression of foreign proteins in intact animals.
OxyContin® Abuse and Overdose (2009)

With increasing rates of prescription drug abuse, OxyContin will continue to present challenges to physicians and health care providers. Physicians should be aware of potential patients who are seeking OxyContin for recreational use.
Structured mesh generation with smoothness controls (2006)

In geometrically complex domains, the Ryskin and Leal (RL) orthogonal mesh generation system may cause mesh distortion and overlapping problems when using the ‘weak constraint’ method with specified boundary point distribution for all boundaries. To resolve these problems, an improved RL system with automatic smoothness control is proposed. In this improved RL system, the automatic smoothness control mechanism is based on five types of smoothness conditions and includes the self-adjustment mechanism and the auto-evaluation mechanism for an empirical parameter. The proposed system is illustrated using several test examples. Several applications to natural domains are also demonstrated. It is shown that the improved RL system is capable of resolving the above problems at little cost of orthogonality. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacologic Treatment of Cancer Pain (1996)

Pain from cancer is a major health care problem.13 Thirty percent of patients with cancer have pain at the time of diagnosis, and 65 to 85 percent have pain when their disease is advanced.2,46 The impact of cancer pain is magnified by the interaction of pain and its treatments with other common cancer symptoms: fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and impaired cognition.4,6 Cancer pain can be effectively treated in 85 to 95 percent of patients with an integrated program of systemic, pharmacologic, and anticancer therapy.7,8 Many of the remaining patients can be helped by the . . .
RUNTIME SUPPORT AND COMPILATION METHODS FOR USER-SPECIFIED DATE DISTRIBUTIONS (1993)

This paper describes two new ideas by which an HPF compiler can deal with irregular computations effectively. The first mechanism invokes a user specified mapping procedure via a set of compiler directives. The directives allow use of program arrays to describe graph connectivity, spatial location of array elements and computational load. The second mechanism is a simple conservative method that in many cases enables a compiler to recognize that it is possible to reuse previously computed information from inspectors (e.g. communication schedules, loop iteration partitions, information that associates off-processor data copies with on-processor buffer locations). We present performance results for these mechanisms from a Fortran 90D compiler implementation.
Amino acid substitutions in codons 9–11 of hepatitis C virus core protein lead to the synthesis of a short core protein product (2000)

These data indicate that missense mutations at codons 9-11 can occur during chronic HCV infection, which results in the expression of P16 core protein.
Capturing information need by learning user context (1999)

Learning techniques can be applied to help information retrieval systems adapt to users&amp;apos; specific needs. They can be used to learn from user searches to improve subsequent searches. This paper describes the approach taken to learn about particular users&amp;apos; contexts in order to improve document ranking produced by a probabilistic information retrieval system. The approach is based on the argument that there is a pattern in user queries in that they tend to remain within a particular context over online sessions. This context, if approximated, can improve system performance. While it is not uncommon to link the evidence from one query to the next within a particular online session, the approach here groups the evidence over different sessions. The paper concentrates on the user-oriented evaluation method used in order to determine whether or not the approach improved information retrieval system performance. 1 Introduction The purpose of information retrieval is to address the informati...