gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus particles of different density in the blood of chronically infected immunocompetent and immunodeficient patients: Implications for virus clearance by antibody (2002)

The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of the humoral immune response on the generation and clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA containing particles in the blood of chronically infected patients. Blood samples were fractionated by sequential flotation ultracentrifugation and HCV RNA was recovered in three fractions: low density of < 1.063 g/ml, intermediate density of 1.063-1.21 g/ml, and high density of > 1.21 g/ml. Serum low-density lipoproteins co-fractionated with the low-density particles, and high-density lipoproteins co-fractionated with the intermediate-density particles. Immunoglobulins were found exclusively in the high-density fractions. In patients with congenital immunodeficiencies, with no or low serum antibodies to the virus, mean HCV RNA titres were equal in each fraction, at approximately 10(5) IU/ml. In antibody-positive, immunocompetent patients, however, virus titres in the low-density fraction and those in the high-density fraction were reduced or absent in most patients, suggesting that virus particles in these fractions are subject to antibody-mediated clearance. Particles of intermediate density were approximately equal in titre in both patient groups, suggesting that these particles are neither generated by, nor cleared, as a result of the humoral immune response. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that particles of intermediate density were not complexed with either high-density lipoprotein or immunoglobulins. Elucidation of the mechanisms by which these particles are generated and maintained in the blood may provide valuable insight into the mechanism of virus persistence.
389: Annual blood and marrow transplant patient celebratrion ignites hope, strength and recovery (2007)

Background and Purpose: A programmatic way of supporting Hope, Strength and Recovery in Blood and Marrow Transplantation patients and their families is significant in enhancing patient care. The journey through transplantation and beyond is challenging for patients and caregivers. They navigate that journey with strength, determination and with courage. In order to honor patients and families an annual patient and family celebration is held at the Siteman Cancer Center of Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Objectives: An annual event uniting patients who have been transplanted only one or two months ago with those who where transplanted 5, 10, or 20years ago can ignite hope and continued recovery. The event is not only significant for patients and families; it is also significant for the clinical physicians and team members who provide the care by honoring their passion and commitment to excellence. Method: Post transplant patients and families, the referring physician community, and clinical members of the inpatient and outpatient BMT team are invited to the annual event. The event is held at the Ritz Carlton where the atmosphere is truly spectacular. The division chief addresses the audience at the start of the event to recognize and honor the guests. Two transplant patients are asked to speak at the event where they reflect back on their journey and create inspiration. At the end of the evening, the celebration unites an unrelated recipient with their donor for the very first time. This union captures the spirit of the night and the essence of the journey that each patient takes. Results: For the last 13 years the BMT division has held an annual event to honor patients and family members. The celebration grew out of the monthly support group and blossomed into a remarkable evening with over 500 in attendance each year. The event allows the BMT program to reach out to patients and families, to referring physicians, to the local community in an effort to raise transplant awareness, and to the clinical team members of the transplant service. The patient celebration brings joy and enthusiasm, hugs and handshakes and ignites hope, strength and recovery in all who attend.
Cisplatin- Versus Carboplatin-Based Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis (2007)

Our individual patient data meta-analysis suggests that cisplatin-based chemotherapy is slightly superior to carboplatin-based chemotherapy in terms of response rate and, in certain subgroups, in prolonging survival without being associated with an increase in severe toxic effects. Therefore, cisplatin-based third-generation regimens should remain the standard reference for the treatment of selected patients with advanced-stage NSCLC and of those with earlier-stage disease.
Cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of integrin beta 1 and beta 3 subunits are functionally interchangeable. (1991)

Integrin beta subunits combine with specific sets of alpha subunits to form functional adhesion receptors. The structure and binding properties of integrins suggest the presence of domains controlling at least three major functions: subunit association, ligand binding, and cytoskeletal interactions. To more carefully define structure/function relationships, a cDNA construct consisting of the extracellular domain of the avian beta 1 subunit and the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of the human beta 3 subunit was prepared and expressed in murine 3T3 cells. The resulting chimeric beta 1/3 subunit formed heterodimers with alpha subunits from the beta 1 subfamily, could not interact with alpha IIb from the beta 3 subfamily, was targeted to focal contacts, and formed functional complexes within the focal contacts. A second cDNA construct was prepared that coded for an avian beta 1 subunit without a transmembrane or cytoplasmic domain. This subunit was not found in association with an accompanying alpha subunit, nor was it found expressed on the cell surface. Instead, it accumulated in vesicles within the cytoplasm and was eventually shed from the cell. The results from studies of the behavior of these two cDNA constructs demonstrate that the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains play no role in alpha subunit selection, that the cytoplasmic domain of beta 3 is capable of functioning in the context of alpha subunits with which it is not normally paired, and that both integrin subunits must be membrane associated for normal assembly and transport to cell surface adhesive structures.
Radiation Improves the Distribution and Uptake of Liposomal Doxorubicin (Caelyx) in Human Osteosarcoma Xenografts (2004)

Liposomal drug delivery appears to improve the antitumor effect and reduce toxicity compared with the free drug. The therapeutic index may be improved further by combining cytotoxic drugs and radiotherapy. Successful therapy requires that the cytotoxic agents reach the tumor cells. Therefore, we studied tumor growth and the microdistribution of liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx) with and without additional ionizing radiation in human osteosarcoma xenografts in athymic mice. Caelyx was injected i.v. 1 day before single or fractionated radiotherapy. Both chemoirradiation regimens induced significant tumor growth delays and worked synergistically. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that intact liposomes were located in close proximity to endothelial cells, and the distribution of released doxorubicin was heterogeneous. Before radiotherapy, hardly any doxorubicin was localized in the central parts of the tumor. Radiotherapy increased the tumor uptake of doxorubicin by a factor of two to four, with drug being redistributed farther from the vessels in the tumor periphery and located around vessels in the central parts of the tumor. Colocalization of doxorubicin and hypoxic cells showed no distribution of drug into hypoxic areas. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 1 day before the injection of Caelyx and 2 days after treatment start showed that the combined treatment reduced the vascular volume and the vascular transfer rate of the MRI tracer. The results show that chemoirradiation with Caelyx induces synergistic treatment effects. Improved intratumoral drug uptake and distribution are responsible to some extent for the enhanced antitumor effect.
Quantification of β-Catenin Signaling Components in Colon Cancer Cell Lines, Tissue Sections, and Microdissected Tumor Cells using Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry (2010)

Reaction monitoring mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool for targeted detection and quantification of proteins in clinical samples. Here, we report the use of gel electrophoresis for protein fractionation and liquid chromatography coupled to multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM) screening for quantitative analysis of components from the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which contributes to colon tumor formation and progression. In silico tools are used to design LC-MRM screens for each target protein. Following successful peptide detection, stable isotope labeled peptides are synthesized and developed as internal standards. Then, the assays are implemented in colon cancer cell lines to achieve detection in minimal amounts of cells, compatible with direct translation to clinical specimens. Selected assays are compared with qualitative results from immunoblotting (Westerns) and translated to individual frozen colon tissue sections and laser capture microdissected tumor cells. This LC-MRM platform has been translated from in vitro models to clinical specimens, forming the basis for future experiments in patient assessment.
A novel synthetic approach to reserpine based upon amino-Claisen rearrangements of zwitterionic N-vinylisoquinuclidenes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel synthetic approach to reserpine based upon amino-Claisen rearrangements of zwitterionic N-vinylisoquinuclidenesFen Ann Kunng, Jia Ming Gu, Schouchung Chao, Yuhpyng Chen, and Patrick S. MarianoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 23, 4262–4266Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00171a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00171a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extended continuous-wave supercontinuum generation in a low-water-loss holey fiber (2005)

We report on the development of a 2.5 microm core photonic crystal fiber with a substantially reduced water-peak loss around 1.38 microm, which allows extended Raman-soliton supercontinuum generation up to 1.55 microm with a cw ytterbium fiber laser pump source. The resulting broadband, high-spectral-power-density, low-coherence light source can be employed for advanced, submicrometer resolution optical coherence tomography.
Message framing and the use of incentives - are they effective in increasing participation rates in disease management programs? (2006)

Disease-and-risk management programs provide many benefits for individuals currently living with a chronic illness as well as those who possess one or more risk factors for developing a chronic condition (such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol or obesity). However, participation rates in such programs are well below their desired level and often reported as being a particularly problematic and complex issue (e.g., Foster, Kendall, Dickson, Chaboyer, Hunter and Gee, 2003). This study aimed to determine the most effective strategies for increasing participation rates using a combination of prospect theory (via message framing), inclusion of an incentive, and comparing two different delivery methods (phone and mail). The study found no significant effect for message framing or incentives.
Controlled release of paclitaxel from a self-assembling peptide hydrogel formed in situ and antitumor study in vitro (2011)

Self-assembling peptide hydrogels may work well as a system for drug delivery.
Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori growth in a defined medium and determination of its amino acid requirements (1994)

A defined medium has been developed for Helicobacter pylori that gives growth characteristics (growth rate, maximum cell number and maximum colony-forming-unit count) comparable to those in a complex medium (Isosensitest broth + 5%, v/v, foetal bovine serum). Differences found in the death rate reflected a partial (50%) conversion to a coccoid cell form of the organism in the stationary and death phase in the defined medium, versus the almost complete (> 99%) conversion seen in the complex medium. The medium was used to study the amino acids required for growth by 10 strains of H. pylori. All strains required arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine and valine, and eight of the strains also required alanine; five of the strains required serine. In the absence of glucose none of the 20 amino acids tested elicited growth when added at high concentration. However, in the presence of glucose, alanine induced considerably enhanced growth over that seen in the control, consistent with its use either as a nitrogen source or possibly an additional carbon source. The medium described will facilitate investigations into the metabolism and physiology of H. pylori, previously only possible with sophisticated approaches such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Suppression of an epidermal growth factor receptor-hyperproducing tumor by an immunotoxin conjugate of gelonin and a monoclonal anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody. (1989)

An immunotoxin was made by conjugating a murine monoclonal antibody (B4G7) that recognizes the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor with gelonin, a ribosome-inactivating protein. This B4G7-gelonin conjugate was shown to be specifically cytotoxic for EGF receptor-hyperproducing cells. The conjugate was tested in nude mice and shown to be capable of suppressing the growth of an EGF receptor-hyperproducing squamous carcinoma cell (A431) solid tumor. Nude mice bearing an A431 cell tumor that were given injections i.p. for 5 consecutive days with at least 10 micrograms of the conjugate showed significant suppression of tumor growth for about 7 days. On the other hand, an unconjugated mixture of B4G7 and gelonin showed no specific antitumor activity against the A431 cell tumor. The growth of an EGF receptor-deficient small cell lung cancer cell (H69) tumor was not suppressed by injection of the conjugate. No toxic effects were observed in histological examination of nontumorous tissues of mice treated with at least 250 micrograms of conjugate per mouse. These results suggest that the conjugate may be useful for targeting therapy to EGF receptor-hyperproducing squamous carcinoma.
Microwave beamforming for non-invasive patient-specific hyperthermia treatment of pediatric brain cancer (2011)

We present a numerical study of an array-based microwave beamforming approach for non-invasive hyperthermia treatment of pediatric brain tumors. The transmit beamformer is designed to achieve localized heating-that is, to achieve constructive interference and selective absorption of the transmitted electromagnetic waves at the desired focus location in the brain while achieving destructive interference elsewhere. The design process takes into account patient-specific and target-specific propagation characteristics at 1 GHz. We evaluate the effectiveness of the beamforming approach using finite-difference time-domain simulations of two MRI-derived child head models from the Virtual Family (IT'IS Foundation). Microwave power deposition and the resulting steady-state thermal distribution are calculated for each of several randomly chosen focus locations. We also explore the robustness of the design to mismatch between the assumed and actual dielectric properties of the patient. Lastly, we demonstrate the ability of the beamformer to suppress hot spots caused by pockets of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. Our results show that microwave beamforming has the potential to create localized heating zones in the head models for focus locations that are not surrounded by large amounts of CSF. These promising results suggest that the technique warrants further investigation and development.
Thermal plasmas (1997)

Although many thermal plasma processes have been developed for industrial applications, the wide acceptance as a manufacturing technology is prevented due to economical and competitive reasons, and/or reproducibility and reliability aspects. This paper is devoted to an assessment of the present knowledge in the following topics: (1) plasma torch and performance of blown arc (dc or ac), transferred arc and radio frequency torches; (2) established industrial applications with special emphasis on cutting, welding, spraying, transferred arc reclamation, reheating and purification, reheating metal melts, smelting reduction, chemical operations, and waste destruction; (3) recent developments in the knowledge of fundamental processes in plasma torches with power sources, cathodes (hot and cold), anodes (static and dynamic behavior), and torch components; (4) modeling-thermodynamic and transport properties, plasma flow with and without the Maxwell's equations; (5) measurement techniques including emission and absorption spectroscopy, laser scattering, enthalpy probes, video cameras, spectral analysis, shadowgraphy, and particle diagnostics either in flight with statistical measurements and those giving characteristics of a single particle upon flattening on a substrate; and (6) plasma-processing development in the presently used industrial processes and also in prospective processes with surface hardening, ultrafine powder production, plasma-assisted CVD, and plasma-fluidized or spouted bed reactors.
The polyadenylation site mutation in the alpha-globin gene cluster (1988)

In a previous study, we described a form of nondeletion alpha- thalassemia (alpha T Saudi alpha) found in subjects of Saudi Arabian origin. In the current study, using synthetic oligoprobe hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis, we have demonstrated that the molecular basis of alpha T Saudi alpha is due solely to a single base mutation (AATAAA----AATAAG) in the polyadenylation signal of the alpha 2 gene and that the frameshift mutation in codon 14 of the linked alpha 1 gene is the result of a cloning artefact. The alpha 2 polyadenylation signal mutation occurs in other Middle Eastern and the Mediterranean populations and is responsible for the clinical phenotype of Hb H disease in some Saudi Arabian individuals with five alpha genes (alpha T Saudi alpha/(alpha alpha alpha)T Saudi). Evidence suggests that the (alpha alpha alpha)T Saudi haplotype has arisen as a result of a recombination between two misaligned chromosomes bearing the alpha T Saudi alpha defect.
The mammalian small heat‐shock protein Hsp20 forms dimers and is a poor chaperone (1998)

Hsp20 is one of the newly described members of the mammalian small heat-shock protein (sHsp) family. It occurs most abundantly in skeletal muscle and heart. We isolated clones for Hsp20 from a rat heart cDNA library, and expressed the protein in Escherichia coli to characterize this little known sHsp. Recombinant Hsp20 displayed similar far-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectra as the most closely related sHsp, alpha B-crystallin, but was less heat stable, denaturing upon heating to 50 degrees C. While other mammalian recombinant sHsps form large multimeric complexes, Hsp20 occurs in two complex sizes, 43-kDa dimers and 470-kDa multimers. The ratio between the two forms depends on protein concentration. Moreover, Hsp20 has a much lower chaperone-like activity than alpha B-crystallin, as indicated by its relatively poor capacity to diminish the reduction-induced aggregation of insulin B chains. Hsp20 is considerably shorter at the C-terminus and less polar than other sHsps, but 1H-NMR spectroscopy reveals that the last 10 residues are flexible, as in the other sHsps. Our findings suggest that Hsp20 is a special member of the sHsp family in being less heat stable and tending to form dimers. These properties, together with the shorter and less polar C-terminal extension, may contribute to the less effective chaperone-like activity.
A rule-based neural stock trading decision support system (2002)

We propose an intelligent stock trading decision support system that can forecast the buying and selling signals according to the prediction of short-term and long-term trends using rule-based neural networks. A rule-based neural network allows us to use domain knowledge in the form of inference rules to set up the initial structure of the neural network, and to extract refined domain knowledge from the trained network. With this information, users can understand why and how a decision is made by the system without the need to trust the output of the network blindly. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated by trading the TSEWPI (Taiwan Stock Exchange Weighted Price Index) from 1992 to 1995, and the result was encouraging.
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) (1999)

The PPTP protocol was developed by a vendor consortium.The documentation of PPTP is provided as information to the Internet community.The PPP WG is currently defining a Standards Track protocol (L2TP) for tunneling PPP across packet-switched networks.
Zero positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy: is the end in sight? (2008)

Positive surgical margins represents incomplete resection by the surgeon, and the elimination of positive margins represents the only clinical feature during radical prostatectomy that can lead directly to improved cancer outcomes. The introduction of new robot-assisted technology and technical refinements has led to declines of positive surgical margins. Although margins induced by incomplete cancer resection by the surgeon have been reduced for organ-confined disease, the 'Holy Grail' of zero margins is not yet attainable in prostatectomy, and is more problematic in cancer that has penetrated beyond the prostate. Intraoperative frozen biopsies are imprecise. The union of real-time optical coherence tomography technology of the da Vinci robotic platform for identification of positive margin sites, and technical advances with wider excisions during surgery may provide promise for further reduction of surgical margins to zero.
First Examples of Alkenyl Pyridines as Organic Ligands for Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes (2004)

The first successful synthesis of iridium complexes {(PEP)2Ir(acac), (NEP)2Ir(acac), (PETP)2Ir(acac), (MPEP)2Ir(acac), and (PP)2Ir(acac)} (see Figure) using an olefin-tethered pyridine ring is described. The electroluminescent devices prepared using these iridium complexes as dopant emitters showed very high brightness and efficiencies.