gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic Biodegradation of Gasoline Oxygenates: Extrapolation of Information to Multiple Sites and Redox Conditions (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnaerobic Biodegradation of Gasoline Oxygenates: Extrapolation of Information to Multiple Sites and Redox ConditionsMelanie R. Mormile, Shi. Liu, and Joseph M. SuflitaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 9, 1727–1732Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00058a026https://doi.org/10.1021/es00058a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views470Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of qualitative and quantitative imaging characteristics of [11C]PiB and [18F]flutemetamol in normal control and Alzheimer's subjects (2015)

[(11)C]PiB and [(18)F]flutemetamol have similar retention characteristics across a range of amyloid negative to positive subjects. Both tracers performed similarly when a standardized visual read technique was used to classify scans as amyloid-positive or amyloid-negative and correlated well with SUVR classifications. However, care in visual interpretation of amyloid positive versus amyloid negative regions should be taken, particularly in the case of [(18)F]flutemetamol when considering cortical vs. white-matter retention.
A fast multipole algorithm for capacitance extraction of complex 3-D geometries (1989)

A fast algorithm for computing the capacitance of a complicated 3-D geometry of ideal conductors in a uniform dielectric is described. The method is an acceleration of the standard integral-equation for multiconductor capacitance extraction. These integral-equation methods are slow because they lead to dense matrix problems which are typically solved with some form of Gaussian elimination. This implies that the computation grows like <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</e1> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , where <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</e1> is the number of tiles needed to accuracy-discretize the conductor surface charges. The authors present a preconditioned conjugate-gradient iterative algorithm with a multipole approximation to compute the iterates. This reduces the complexity so that accurate multiconductor capacitance calculations grow as <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nm</e1> , where <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</e1> is the number of conductors
Design and Implementation of a Smart Sensor for Respiratory Rate Monitoring (2014)

This work presents the design, development and implementation of a smart sensor to monitor the respiratory rate. This sensor is aimed at overcoming the drawbacks of other systems currently available in market, namely, devices that are costly, uncomfortable, difficult-to-install, provide low detection sensitivity, and little-to-null patient-to-patient calibration. The device is based on capacitive sensing by means of an LC oscillator. Experimental results show that the sensor meets the necessary requirements, making feasible the proposed monitoring system with the technology used.
Parinaric acids as probes of binding domains in neutrophil elastase (1991)

Human neutrophil elastase has an extended hydrophobic substrate binding site which serves as a target for a number of hydrophobic inhibitors. We show here that the parinaric acids, fluorescent-conjugated tetraenoic fatty acids of plant origin, are inhibitors of neutrophil elastase. cis-Parinaric acid (cis-PA) interacts with the enzyme in two inhibitory modes. The high affinity interaction (Ki = 55 +/- 6 nM) results in partial noncompetitive inhibition of amidolytic activity, with 82% residual activity. A lower affinity interaction with cis-PA (Ki = 4 +/- 1 microM) results in competitive inhibition. trans-PA also acts as a high affinity partial noncompetitive inhibitor of elastase with a Ki equal to that for cis-PA but has no low affinity competitive inhibitory action. The endogenous fluorescence from the 3 tryptophan residues in elastase is partially quenched on binding cis- or trans-PA. Dependence of quenching of tryptophan fluorescence on PA concentration is consistent with binding to a single site with an apparent Kd of 26 +/- 3 nM, which may be equivalent to the high affinity partial noncompetitive inhibitory binding mode. Analysis of quenching according to the modified Forster theory of energy transfer developed by Snyder and Freire (Snyder, B., and Freire, E. (1982) Biophys. J. 40, 137-148) leads to an estimate of apparent closest indole-PA distance of 13 +/- 3 A. Fluorescence of either cis- or trans-PA is apparently unperturbed upon binding in the high affinity mode to elastase, but at micromolar cis-PA concentrations, binding to elastase results in a blue shift and 20% increase in intensity of PA emission, suggesting that the lower affinity competitive inhibitory binding mode of binding to elastase provides a hydrophobic environment for cis-PA.
Probable Migraine With Visual Aura and Risk of Ischemic Stroke (2007)

PMVA was associated with an increased risk of stroke, particularly among women without other medical conditions associated with stroke. Behavioral risk factors, specifically smoking and oral contraceptive use, markedly increased the risk of PMVA, as did recent onset of PMVA.
Enzyme/Prodrug Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer Using a Catalytically Superior Cytosine Deaminase (1999)

The use of cytosine deaminase (CD) in conjunction with 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) has been studied for cancer gene therapy as a means of achieving tumor-specific generation of the toxic metabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Since 5-FC is frequently used as an antifungal agent, and because it has little or no efficacy as an antibacterial agent, we hypothesized that yeast CD (YCD) might be more efficient at utilizing 5-FC as a substrate and hence be a better choice for a CD/5-FC gene therapy strategy than the typically utilized bacterial CD (BCD). To that end Saccharomyces cerevisiae CD was cloned from yeast genomic DNA and expressed in vitro. Functional analysis of BCD and YCD expressed in COS-1 cells indicated that BCD and YCD both utilized cytosine with equal efficacy; however, 5-FC was an extremely poor substrate for BCD, with an apparent catalytic efficiency 280-fold lower than that observed for YCD. Retroviral infection of tumor cell lines in vitro indicated that the IC50 of 5-FC was 30-fold lower in YCD-infected cultures as compared with cultures infected with BCD retrovirus. In addition, when SCCVII murine squamous cell carcinoma cells were infected in vitro at low rates of infection (< or =10%) there was no significant cytotoxicity toward BCD-expressing cells while there was potent cytotoxicity to both YCD-expressing cells and "bystander cells" even at this low level of expression. Finally, stable BCD- or YCD-expressing SCCVII clones were developed and used in an orthotopic immune-competent model of head and neck cancer. Subsequent treatment with 5-FC followed by monitoring of tumor growth by noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and survival of animals indicated a growth delay during the course of 5-FC treatment for BCD-expressing tumors, which quickly regrew at the end of treatment. In contrast, YCD-expressing tumors exhibited not only a growth delay, which was of longer duration, but also in some cases frank tumor regression and complete cures occurred.
1H NMR structural analysis of human ghrelin and its six truncated analogs (2001)

Human ghrelin, the first recognized natural ligand of growth hormone secretagogue growth hormone secretagogue receptors (GHS-Rs) (M. Kojima, H. Hosada, Y. Date, M. Nakazato, H. Matsuo, and K. Kangawa, Nature, 1999, Vol. 402, pp. 656-660), consists of 28 amino acids of which Ser3 is modified by n-octanoylation. This new peptide hormone has been implicated not only in regulation of the GH secretion but also in regulation of food intake. The discovery of ghrelin opens up more opportunities to study the relationship of ghrelin with metabolic diseases. Until now, only mass spectometry analysis has been reported on the structure of ghrelin. NMR analysis is a suitable way to study if any tertiary structure of unbound ghrelin is present in solution. NMR studies were carried out on human ghrelin and its five truncated analogs. The full-length ghrelin and its fragments exhibited random coil behavior in aqueous solution. Additional studies were carried out on the shortest active segment of human ghrelin, which consists of the first five amino acids of the ghrelin sequence (M. A. Bednarek, S. D. Feighner, S.-S. Pong, K. K. McKee, D. L. Hreniuk, M. V. Silva, V. A. Warrem, A. D. Howard, L. H. Y. Van der Ploeg, and J. V. Heck, Journal of Medical Chemistry, 2000, Vol. 43, pp. 4370-4376), to compare the spectral features with their counterparts in the full-length ghrelin. The NMR data showed behavior similar to ghrelin except for two additional nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs) between the Phe4 NH and the protons of the beta-methylene of Ser3. CD on human ghrelin and its short active analog in water were indicative of random coil peptides. Molecular modeling based on NMR data was carried out to probe which structural features were similar to growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6), a hexapeptide that binds to GHS-R releasing GH and stimulating food intake. Modeling suggested some similarities, but they were not of a nature to account for binding properties of these compounds.
Targeting the CXCR4–CXCL12 Axis Mobilizes Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Prolongs Islet Allograft Survival via Programmed Death Ligand 1 (2010)

Antagonism of CXCR4 disrupts the interaction between the CXCR4 receptor on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the CXCL12 expressed by stromal cells in the bone marrow, which subsequently results in the shedding of HSCs to the periphery. Because of their profound immunomodulatory effects, HSCs have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disorders. We sought to investigate the immunomodulatory role of mobilized autologous HSCs, via target of the CXCR4-CXL12 axis, to promote engraftment of islet cell transplantation. Islets from BALB/c mice were transplanted beneath the kidney capsule of hyperglycemic C57BL/6 mice, and treatment of recipients with CXCR4 antagonist resulted in mobilization of HSCs and in prolongation of islet graft survival. Addition of rapamycin to anti-CXCR4 therapy further promoted HSC mobilization and islet allograft survival, inducing a robust and transferable host hyporesponsiveness, while administration of an ACK2 (anti-CD117) mAb halted CXCR4 antagonist-mediated HSC release and restored allograft rejection. Mobilized HSCs were shown to express high levels of the negative costimulatory molecule programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and HSCs extracted from wild-type mice, but not from PD-L1 knockout mice, suppressed the in vitro alloimmune response. Moreover, HSC mobilization in PD-L1 knockout mice failed to prolong islet allograft survival. Targeting the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis thus mobilizes autologous HSCs and promotes long-term survival of islet allografts via a PD-L1-mediated mechanism.
A cyclic hexapeptide is a potent antagonist of alpha 4 integrins (1997)

The alpha 4 integrins mediate leukocyte adhesion to specific counter-receptors, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), the fibronectin splice variant containing connecting segment 1 (CS1), and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1. A series of cyclized peptides based on the LDV sequence of CS1 were synthesized and assayed for inhibition of alpha 4 integrin binding. The most potent peptide, C*WLDVC* (where * indicates disulfide-linked residues), inhibited alpha 4 beta 1-dependent binding of lymphocytes to VCAM-1 and CS1 with half-maximal inhibition achieved at 1 to 3 microM of peptide. The peptide proved more potent when the lymphocytes were activated with 1 mM MnCl2; half-maximal inhibition was reached at 0.4 and 0.05 microM for VCAM-1 and CS1, respectively. This represents a 100- to 800-fold increase in potency over a linear CS1 peptide in these same assays. C*WLDVC* also inhibited alpha 4 beta 7-dependent lymphocyte binding to the ligands mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1 and CS1. Immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled integrin indicated that the peptide could bind alpha 4 beta 1 and alpha 4 beta 7 directly and elute alpha 4 beta 1 from a CS1-conjugated agarose resin. The peptide showed selectivity for alpha 4 integrins in that it effectively inhibited alpha 4 beta 1-dependent, but not alpha 5 beta 1-dependent, binding of cells to intact fibronectin. Due to its small size and potency, C*WLDVC* may serve as a useful tool for the study of alpha 4 integrin biology and the development of small molecule therapeutics.
Co-fired ceramic on metal multichip modules for advanced military packaging (2002)

A novel, low temperature co-fired ceramic on metal (LTCC-M) multilayer circuit board technology intended for dual-use by both the military and commercial market sectors is described in this paper. This technology has been optimized for low cost, high circuit density multichip modules and board level integration. Limitations of the present low-temperature co-fired ceramic systems have been overcome by using a metal core in the LTCC-M technology. This technology readily allows the design of rugged, yet lightweight, electronic modules. In addition, the co-fired metal core permits this technology to be readily scaleable in terms of circuit density, size, and power dissipation; thereby making this an excellent candidate for a dual-use technology. Several advanced military packaging applications are pointed out in this paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optical Isolator for Unpolarized Laser Radiation at Multi-Kilowatt Average Power (2006)

A fiber coupled birefringence compensated Faraday Isolator set-up has been developed. At 2 kW average power a transmission greater 93 % and an isolation of 15 dB was achieved. No degradation in beam quality was observed.
Dual Regulatory Effects of Interferon-α, -β, and -γ on Interleukin-8 Gene Expression by Human Gingival Fibroblasts in Culture upon Stimulation with Lipopolysaccharide from Prevotella intermedia, Interleukin-1α, or Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (1998)

In a previous study, we demonstrated that the amount of interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expressed by human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 is increased by pre-treatment with beta or gamma interferon (IFN-beta or -gamma). In the present study, we identified the regulatory effects of these IFNs on IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 production by human gingival fibroblasts. Priming with IFN-alpha (alpha), -beta, or -gamma upregulated the IL-8 mRNA expression in response to P. intermedia LPS, whereas co-stimulation with these IFNs reduced the amount of mRNA expressed by the cells. The regulation of IL-8 mRNA expression induced by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) or rHuIL-1alpha was similar to that induced by LPS. The IL-8 mRNA expression in response to P. intermedia LPS was enhanced by IFN-gamma independently of de novo protein synthesis, and was regulated, at least in part, at the transcriptional level. The IL-8 mRNA accumulation in response to P. intermedia LPS was inhibited by tosylphenyl-alanyl chloromethyl-ketone, an inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation, although the NF-kappaB activation itself was not altered by IFN-gamma. These findings suggest that IFNs might be capable of both enhancing and inhibiting inflammatory responses in periodontal tissues through the dual regulation of IL-8 production by gingival fibroblasts in response to bacterial components and cytokines.
The application of neural networks to the papermaking industry (1999)

This paper describes the application of neural network techniques to the papermaking industry, particularly for the prediction of paper "curl." Paper curl is an important quality measure that can only be measured reliably off-line after manufacture, making it difficult to control. Here we predict, before paper manufacture from characteristics of the current reel, whether the paper curl will be acceptable and the level of curl. For both the case of predicting the probability that paper will be "out-of-specification" and that of predicting the level of curl, we include confidence intervals indicating to the machine operator whether the predictions should be trusted. The results and the associated discussion describe a successful application of neural networks to a difficult, but important, real-world task taken from the papermaking industry. In addition the techniques described are widely applicable to industry where direct prediction of a quality measure and its acceptability are desirable, with a clear indication of prediction confidence.
Retinal Vasculitis Associated with the Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (2010)

A 50-year-old woman with a history of anti-Jo1-positive inflammatory myositis and interstitial lung disease presented with decreased vision in her right eye. Examination revealed white-centered hemorrhages scattered across the posterior pole in addition to several areas of vascular sheathing. Treatment was initiated with intravenous pulse solumedrol, with improvement in vision and resolution of the patient's white-centered hemorrhages. A thorough workup for other causes of vasculitis was unrevealing. Anti-synthetase syndrome is a serologically defined disorder clinically characterized by inflammatory myositis, interstitial lung disease, and other systemic findings. To our knowledge, retinal vasculitis has not been previously reported in patients with anti-synthetase syndrome.
Epidemiology of tardive dyskinesia: Is risk declining with modern antipsychotics? (2006)

Second-generation antipsychotic drugs (APDs), including aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, and ziprasidone dominate outpatient and inpatient clinical practice, having largely displaced the older neuroleptics. Modern APDs have relatively low risk for acute extrapyramidal syndromes characteristic of older neuroleptics, particularly acute dystonia and Parkinsonism, with variable risks of akathisia and the rare neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Anticipated reduction in risk of tardive dyskinesia (TD) is less well documented. Nearly 50 years after initial reports on TD, it is appropriate to reexamine the epidemiology of this potentially severe late adverse effect of long-term APD treatment in light of current research and practice. We compared recent estimates of incidence and prevalence of TD identified with some modern APDs to the epidemiology of TD in the earlier neuroleptic era. Such comparisons are confounded by complex modern APD regimens, uncommon exposure limited to a single modern APD, effects of previous exposure to typical neuroleptics, and neurological assessments that are rarely prospective or systematic. Available evidence suggests that the risk of TD may be declining, but longitudinal studies of patients never treated with traditional neuroleptics and exposed to only a single modern APD are required to quantify TD risks with specific drugs. Long-term use of APDs should continue to be based on research-supported indications, with regular specific examination for emerging TD.
Pattern differentiation in co-culture biofilms formed byStaphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosa (2011)

Biofilm infections may not simply be the result of colonization by one bacterium, but rather the consequence of pathogenic contributions from several bacteria. Interspecies interactions of different organisms in mixed-species biofilms remain largely unexplained, but knowledge of these is very important for understanding of biofilm physiology and the treatment of biofilm-related infectious diseases. Here, we have investigated interactions of two of the major bacterial species of cystic fibrosis lung microbial communities -Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus- when grown in co-culture biofilms. By growing co-culture biofilms of S. aureus with P. aeruginosa mutants in a flow-chamber system and observing them using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we show that wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 facilitates S. aureus microcolony formation. In contrast, P. aeruginosa mucA and rpoN mutants do not facilitate S. aureus microcolony formation and tend to outcompete S. aureus in co-culture biofilms. Further investigations reveal that extracellular DNA (eDNA) plays an important role in S. aureus microcolony formation and that P. aeruginosa type IV pili are required for this process, probably through their ability to bind to eDNA. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa is able to protect S. aureus against Dictyostelium discoideum phagocytosis in co-culture biofilms.
Lutein and Zeaxanthin in the Diet and Serum and Their Relation to Age-related Maculopathy in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001)

Relations of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum to photographic evidence of early and late age-related maculopathy (ARM) among persons over age 40 years (n = 8,222) were examined. Inverse relations of these carotenoids in the diet or serum to any form of ARM were not observed overall. There was a direct relation of dietary levels to one type of early ARM (soft drusen). However, relations differed by age and race. In the youngest age groups who were at risk for developing early (ages 40-59 years) or late (ages 60-79 years) ARM, higher levels of lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet were related to lower odds for pigmentary abnormalities, one sign of early ARM (odds ratio among persons in high vs. low quintiles = 0.1, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.1, 0.3) and of late ARM (odds ratio = 0.1, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.0, 0.9) after adjustment for age, gender, alcohol use, hypertension, smoking, and body mass index. Relations of these carotenoids to ARM may be influenced by age and race and require further evaluation in separate populations and in prospective studies.
Transgene-Free Genome Editing in Caenorhabditis elegans Using CRISPR-Cas (2013)

CRISPR-Cas is an efficient method for genome editing in organisms from bacteria to human cells. We describe a transgene-free method for CRISPR-Cas-mediated cleavage in nematodes, enabling RNA-homology-targeted deletions that cause loss of gene function; analysis of whole-genome sequencing indicates that the nuclease activity is highly specific.