gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiac side population cells have a potential to migrate and differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo (2007)

Side population (SP) cells, which can be identified by their ability to exclude Hoechst 33342 dye, are one of the candidates for somatic stem cells. Although bone marrow SP cells are known to be long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells, there is little information about the characteristics of cardiac SP cells (CSPs). When cultured CSPs from neonatal rat hearts were treated with oxytocin or trichostatin A, some CSPs expressed cardiac-specific genes and proteins and showed spontaneous beating. When green fluorescent protein-positive CSPs were intravenously infused into adult rats, many more ( approximately 12-fold) CSPs were migrated and homed in injured heart than in normal heart. CSPs in injured heart differentiated into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, or smooth muscle cells (4.4%, 6.7%, and 29% of total CSP-derived cells, respectively). These results suggest that CSPs are intrinsic cardiac stem cells and involved in the regeneration of diseased hearts.
Splicing of a Critical Exon of Human Survival Motor Neuron Is Regulated by a Unique Silencer Element Located in the Last Intron (2006)

Humans have two nearly identical copies of the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) gene, SMN1 and SMN2. In spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), SMN2 is not able to compensate for the loss of SMN1 due to exclusion of exon 7. Here we describe a novel inhibitory element located immediately downstream of the 5' splice site in intron 7. We call this element intronic splicing silencer N1 (ISS-N1). Deletion of ISS-N1 promoted exon 7 inclusion in mRNAs derived from the SMN2 minigene. Underlining the dominant role of ISS-N1 in exon 7 skipping, abrogation of a number of positive cis elements was tolerated when ISS-N1 was deleted. Confirming the silencer function of ISS-N1, an antisense oligonucleotide against ISS-N1 restored exon 7 inclusion in mRNAs derived from the SMN2 minigene or from endogenous SMN2. Consistently, this oligonucleotide increased the levels of SMN protein in SMA patient-derived cells that carry only the SMN2 gene. Our findings underscore for the first time the profound impact of an evolutionarily nonconserved intronic element on SMN2 exon 7 splicing. Considering that oligonucleotides annealing to intronic sequences do not interfere with exon-junction complex formation or mRNA transport and translation, ISS-N1 provides a very specific and efficient therapeutic target for antisense oligonucleotide-mediated correction of SMN2 splicing in SMA.
Cloning and Characterization of the Arabidopsis Thaliana SQS1 Gene Encoding Squalene Synthase (1997)

Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the first committed step of the sterol biosynthetic pathway. A full-length Arabidopsis thaliana SQS cDNA has been isolated by combining library screening and PCR-based approaches. Arabidopsis SQS is encoded by a small gene family of two genes (SQS1 and SQS2) which are organized in a tandem array. SQS1 and SQS2 have an identical organization with regard to intron positions and exon sizes and encode SQS isoforms showing a high level of sequence conservation (79% identity and 88% similarity). The isolated cDNA has been assigned to the SQS1 gene product, SQS1. RNA blot analysis has shown that the 1.6-kb SQS1 mRNA is detected in all plant tissues analyzed (inflorescenses, leaves, stems and roots) although the transcript is especially abundant in roots. Arabidopsis SQS1 isoform is unable to complement the SQS-defective Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 5302, although SQS activity was detected in the microsomal fraction of the transformed yeast strain. However, a chimeric SQS resulting from the replacement of the 66 C-terminal residues of the Arabidopsis enzyme by the 111 C-terminal residues of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe enzyme was able to confer ergosterol prototrophy to strain 5302. Labeling studies using [3H]farnesyl-P2 and microsomal fractions obtained from yeast strains expressing either Arabidopsis SQS1 or chimeric Arabidopsis/S. pombe SQS derivatives indicated that the C-terminal region of the enzyme is involved in the channeling of squalene through the yeast sterol pathway.
E4 gene function in adenovirus, adenovirus vector and adeno-associated virus infections. (1997)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
A Noninvasive Glucose Monitor: Preliminary Results in Rabbits (1999)

Raman spectroscopy can accurately predict glucose concentration in rabbit aqueous humor in vitro. Although rabbit aqueous humor is probably not a good model of human aqueous humor glucose physiology, its reliable correlation with plasma glucose makes it a good model on which to test noninvasive optical sensing techniques.
A New Polymorph of ZrW2O8 Synthesized at High Pressures and High Temperatures (2001)

Pressure-induced amorphization of materials with negative thermal expansion is believed to arise from uncorrelated tiltings of polyhedra, kinetically frozen in an orientationally disordered state at room temperature. The transition to an amorphous phase in zircon tungstate ZrW2O8 occurs above 1.5 GPa upon cold compaction. Our synchrotron angle-dispersive X-ray powder diffraction experiments show that at high temperatures the framework structure of ZrW2O8 irreversibly collapses to a new dense hexagonal U3O8-type polymorph at pressures just after the completion of amorphization. In this structure, the Zr and W atoms are 6-fold coordinated and statistically disordered. Upon heating at higher pressures, the amorphous ZrW2O8 material decomposes into its constituent oxides. The results of our work suggest that the phenomenon underlying the pressure-induced amorphization of zircon tungstate may involve profound changes in the coordination environments of the atoms.
Behavioural pharmacology of imidazole, a potential antidepressant agent. (1985)

Imidazole (IMID) inhibited (+/-) N-n-propylnorapomorphine (NPA) and BHT-920 induced penile erections (PE) and stretching and yawning (SY) in rats as well as apomorphine (APO) induced hypothermia in mice, enhanced shock-elicited aggressiveness in rats and antagonized sleep induced by clonidine in chicks. IMID moreover displayed activity in behavioural tests used in specific screening for antidepressants, potentiating yohimbine toxicity in mice and antagonizing immobility time in the despair test, with a potency in some cases equal to imipramine. IMID per se, depressed motor activity in both mice and rats. The possible mechanism of action and receptors involved are briefly discussed as well as IMID's profile as an antidepressant drug.
Efficacy and safety of thalidomide in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (2002)

Emerging data suggest an involvement of angiogenesis in the pathophysiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Thus, antiangiogenic therapy could constitute a novel strategy for the treatment of AML. To test this hypothesis, a phase I/II dose-escalating trial was performed to study the safety and efficacy of thalidomide, a putative inhibitor of angiogenesis, in 20 patients with AML. Thirteen patients were assessable for both toxicity and response, tolerating a maximum dose of 200 to 400 mg daily for at least 1 month. Seven patients had to be prematurely withdrawn from drug administration owing to progressive disease and death (3 patients), personal decision (2 patients), or inability to tolerate thalidomide (2 patients). Overall, adverse events were fatigue, constipation, rash, and neuropathy (grade 1 to 2 in most patients). In 4 patients, a partial response, defined as reduction of at least 50% in the blast cell infiltration of the bone marrow accompanied by increases in platelet counts and hemoglobin values, was observed. One additional patient showed a hematologic improvement without fulfilling the criteria of a partial response. The responses lasted a median of 3 months (range, 1-8 months). In parallel, microvessel densities significantly decreased in these 5 patients during treatment with thalidomide (P <.05). This decrease was accompanied by declining plasma levels of basic fibroblast growth factor, one of the most potent angiogenic growth factors. In conclusion, single-agent thalidomide has antiangiogenic and antileukemic activity in AML, although a causal relationship between both effects has still to be proven.
The Wavelength of Light Causing Photophobia in Migraine and Tension‐type Headache Between Attacks (2000)

There were significant differences between migraineurs, patients with tension-type headache, and healthy controls in the wavelengths that are uncomfortable between attacks.
Quantum State Transfer via the Selective Pairing of off-Resonant Raman Transitions (2012)

A simple scheme for transferring an unknown atomic state based on the pairing of off-resonant Raman transitions is proposed. The scheme is insensitive to the atomic spontaneous emission, cavity decay, and fiber decay. Meanwhile, in the scheme, operations between any pair of atomic qubits and selective parallel two-qubit operations on different qubit pairs can be implemented. The atoms, the cavity modes and the fiber are not excited during the operations. A quantum communication network for transferring quantum information can be established. Therefore the scheme would be a useful step toward future scalable quantum computing networks.
Models and Methods for Determining Transport Properties of Touching-Vug Carbonates (2005)

Abstract In some vuggy carbonate rocks, the sizes of the vugs are much larger than that of the matrix pores and different physical models are required for different parts of the pore space. This is particularly true when the vugs are touching, forming a network of directly connected vugs and creating flow pathways unrestricted by matrix resistance. An additional complication is that vug-to-vug connections introduce another important length scale, the scale of the connected clusters, in addition to the scales associated with the vug sizes and the background matrix variability. Flow and transport properties of these vuggy carbonates often deviate from classical theories and meaningful laboratory measurements are difficult when the vugs are larger than plug samples or whole core. Despite the theoretical and experimental difficulties, estimating effective permeabilities and effective dispersivities in these rocks is of great practical importance in modeling petroleum reservoirs and groundwater aquifers. In this paper we describe an approach to quantify these properties for a particular class of rocks. The approach combines five techniques: 0.5-mm resolution X-ray CT imaging of a 36 cm high – 25 cm diameter sample, capillary-tube models, bench-scale flow experiments, connected-volume computations, and high-resolution numerical simulation of single-phase flow and solute transport. The approach is illustrated with a sample taken from a Cretaceous caprinid reef debris deposit containing vugs as large as 10 cm. The vugs correspond to void space within and between the irregularly packed caprinid shells and fragments. Connectivity analysis of the CT data shows that more than half of the vug volume is in a single touching-vug network. Even so, the connected path of vugs spanning the sample is restricted and many vugs are the large-scale analogues of "dead-end pores". The consequent variation of effective permeability, 35 md - 114 Darcy, is quantified at the scale of 5 to 35 cm computationally and experimentally. Dispersivity in this sample is a non-trivial convolution of at least three phenomena: advection through a flowing-vug network, transfer between the flowing-vug network and dead-end vugs, and transport through the matrix and non-touching vugs.
MEDEA-a model for the event-based data exchange architecture (2002)

Traditional data interchange mechanisms are based on the client-server model, which has been confronted with a plethora of problems. For example, bilateral partners must exchange data sets through recognized protocols. Whenever the data set is updated, data interchange participants have to rebuild their protocols as well as applications. It is really a considerable problem for system maintenance or scalability. We propose an event-based data exchange model, called MEDEA, to solve the problems encountered by traditional data exchange systems. The designed MEDEA data exchange framework and the learned experiences are also detailed.
Miniature one-shot valve (2002)

Many microvalves have already been designed and developed. Two types can be found: passive check valves and active valves. However, for some applications, it is needed to open a flow channel only once in order, for example, to trigger a mixing reaction on a micro-bioreactor or to deliver drug sample in smart micropills. In this paper, a new simple one-shot microvalve for single-use applications is described.
Treatment of First Episodes of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection with Oral Acyclovir (1983)

We performed a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of oral acyclovir in the treatment of first episodes of genital herpes simplex virus infections in 48 young adults (31 women and 17 men). Subjects were randomized to receive either placebo or acyclovir (200 mg per dose) five times daily for 10 days; they were examined on at least eight visits until healed and at monthly visits thereafter. Acyclovir treatment, as compared with placebo, significantly reduced virus shedding, new lesion formation after 48 hours, and the duration of genital lesions in both men and women. The total duration and severity of clinical symptoms (such as pain, adenopathy, dysuria, and malaise) were significantly reduced by acyclovir in both men and women by the third and fourth day, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.025), as compared with placebo. No toxicity was observed. Recurrence rates have so far been similar in placebo and acyclovir recipients. Oral acyclovir treatment of first-episode genital herpes simplex virus infections is clinically effective, but it does not seem to prevent virus latency or associated recurrent disease.
Treatment With Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Radioimmunotherapy in Patients With Rituximab-Refractory Follicular Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (2002)

Ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy is effective in rituximab-refractory patients. The only significant toxicity is hematologic.
Residue 259 Is a Key Determinant of Substrate Specificity of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatases 1B and α (2000)

The aim of this study was to define the structural elements that determine the differences in substrate recognition capacity of two protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), PTP1B and PTPalpha, both suggested to be negative regulators of insulin signaling. Since the Ac-DADE(pY)L-NH(2) peptide is well recognized by PTP1B, but less efficiently by PTPalpha, it was chosen as a tool for these analyses. Calpha regiovariation analyses and primary sequence alignments indicate that residues 47, 48, 258, and 259 (PTP1B numbering) define a selectivity-determining region. By analyzing a set of DADE(pY)L analogs with a series of PTP mutants in which these four residues were exchanged between PTP1B and PTPalpha, either in combination or alone, we here demonstrate that the key selectivity-determining residue is 259. In PTPalpha, this residue is a glutamine causing steric hindrance and in PTP1B a glycine allowing broad substrate recognition. Significantly, replacing Gln(259) with a glycine almost turns PTPalpha into a PTP1B-like enzyme. By using a novel set of PTP inhibitors and x-ray crystallography, we further provide evidence that Gln(259) in PTPalpha plays a dual role leading to restricted substrate recognition (directly via steric hindrance) and reduced catalytic activity (indirectly via Gln(262)). Both effects may indicate that PTPalpha regulates highly selective signal transduction processes.
Preferential inhibition of lactate oxidation relative to glucose oxidation in the rat heart following diabetes (1999)

There was a greater decrease in lactate oxidation relative to glucose oxidation in hearts from diabetic animals. These results demonstrate that diabetes leads to a specific inhibition of lactate oxidation independent of its effects on pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Self-Emulsification of Vegetable Oil-Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures (1986)

Binary mixtures of some commerical nonionic surfactants and vegetable oils have been screened for their ability to emulsify under conditions of gentle agitation. Such mixtures may have potential use as pharmaceutical drug delivery systems. The system Tagat TO, an ethoxylated glycerol tri-oleate and Miglyol 812, a medium chain triglyceride, has been studied in detail for its ability to form stable, submicron-droplet oil-in-water emulsions. Ternary phase studies have revealed a specific region of lamellar liquid crystal dispersed in the isotropic phase of solubilised water. The occurrence of this dispersion phase correlates with good self-emulsifying performance from the binary mixture. The observed self-emulsification is considered to be a result of aqueous penetration into the liquid crystal aided by mechanical dispersion of the resulting emulsion.
PLP2 of Mouse Hepatitis Virus A59 (MHV-A59) Targets TBK1 to Negatively Regulate Cellular Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway (2011)

These results suggest that PLP2 not only inactivates TBK1, but also prevents IRF3 nuclear translocation hence inhibits IFN transcription activation. Identification of the conserved DUB activity of PLP2 in suppression of IFN signaling would provide a useful clue to the development of therapeutics against coronaviruses infection.
Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies: a retrospective comparison with marrow transplantation (1996)

Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants from HLA-identical siblings were performed in 37 patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Outcomes were compared to a historical group of 37 similar patients with advanced hematologic malignancies receiving bone marrow (BM) transplants from HLA-identical donors. The PBSC group and historical BM group were well matched for diagnosis, disease stage, age, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Patients received PBSC transplants between 1993 to 1995 while BM patients were treated between 1989 to 1994. Engraftment, measured by the time to reach a peripheral neutrophil count > 500/L and platelet count > 20,000/microL without transfusions, occurred on days 14 and 11 in the patients transplanted with PBSC compared to days 16 and 15 in the patients receiving BM (P = .00063, .00014). The PBSC group required a median of 8 U of red blood cells and 24 U of platelets compared to 17 U of red blood cells and 118 U of platelets for BM transplant recipients (P = .0005, .0001). The estimated risks of developing grades 2 to 4 acute GVHD were 37% for the PBSC group and 56% for the BM group (P = .18), while the estimated risks of grades 3 to 4 acute GVHD were 14% for the PBSC group and 33% for the BM group, P = .05). Chronic GVHD occurred in 7 of 18 evaluable patients receiving PBSC and 6 of 23 evaluable patients receiving BM, P = .5. The estimated risks of transplant-related mortality at 200 days were 27% versus 45% (P = .33) relapse were 70% versus 53% (P = .27) and of overall survival were 50% and 41% (P = .39) for patients transplanted with PBSC or BM, respectively. This retrospective comparison suggests that compared to marrow transplantation from HLA-identical donors, allogeneic PBSC transplantation from HLA-identical donors is associated with faster engraftment, fewer transfusions, and no greater incidence of acute or chronic GVHD.
Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Zinc Enolates of Esters: Reaction Conditions and Substrate Scope (2013)

The intermolecular α-arylation of esters by palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl bromides with zinc enolates of esters is reported. Reactions of three different types of zinc enolates have been developed. α-Arylation of esters occurs in high yields with isolated Reformatsky reagents, with Reformatsky reagents generated from α-bromo esters and activated zinc, and with zinc enolates generated by quenching alkali metal enolates of esters with zinc chloride. The use of zinc enolates, instead of alkali metal enolates, greatly expands the scope of the arylation of esters. The reactions occur at room temperature or at 70 °C with bromoarenes containing cyano, nitro, ester, keto, fluoro, enolizable hydrogen, hydroxyl, or amino functionality and with bromopyridines. The scope of esters encompasses acyclic acetates, propionates, and isobutyrates, α-alkoxyesters, and lactones. The arylation of zinc enolates of esters was conducted with catalysts bearing the hindered pentaphenylferrocenyl di-tert-butylphosphine (Q-phos) or the highly reactive dimeric Pd(I) complex {[P(t-Bu)3]PdBr}2.
Data Warehouse: Practical Advice from the Experts (1997)

The Supera stent is a useful treatment option of interventional procedure for recurrent venous anastomotic stenosis of brachio-axillary AVG in the clinical practice.
Quantitation of measurement error with Optimal Segments: basis for adaptive time course smoothing (1993)

We introduce a novel technique for estimating measurement error in time courses and other continuous curves. This error estimate is used to reconstruct the original (error-free) curve. The measurement error of the data is initially assumed, and the data are smoothed with "Optimal Segments" such that the smooth curve misses the data points by an average amount consistent with the assumed measurement error. Thus the differences between the smooth curve and the data points (the residuals) are tentatively assumed to represent the measurement error. This assumption is checked by testing the residuals for randomness. If the residuals are nonrandom, it is concluded that they do not resemble measurement error, and a new measurement error is assumed. This process continues reiteratively until a satisfactory (i.e., random) group of residuals is obtained. In this case the corresponding smooth curve is taken to represent the original curve. Monte Carlo simulations of selected typical situations demonstrated that this new method ("OOPSEG") estimates measurement error accurately and consistently in 30- and 15-point time courses (r = 0.91 and 0.78, respectively). Moreover, smooth curves calculated by OOPSEG were shown to accurately recreate (predict) original, error-free curves for a wide range of measurement errors (2-20%). We suggest that the ability to calculate measurement error and reconstruct the error-free shape of data curves has wide applicability in data analysis and experimental design.