gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A frequency domain analysis of respiratory variations in the seismocardiogram signal (2013)

The seismocardiogram (SCG) signal traditionally measured using a chest-mounted accelerometer contains low-frequency (0-100 Hz) cardiac vibrations that can be used to derive diagnostically relevant information about cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary health. This work is aimed at investigating the effects of respiration on the frequency domain characteristics of SCG signals measured from 18 healthy subjects. Toward this end, the 0-100 Hz SCG signal bandwidth of interest was sub-divided into 5 Hz and 10 Hz frequency bins to compare the spectral energy in corresponding frequency bins of the SCG signal measured during three key conditions of respiration--inspiration, expiration, and apnea. Statistically significant differences were observed between the power in ensemble averaged inspiratory and expiratory SCG beats and between ensemble averaged inspiratory and apneaic beats across the 18 subjects for multiple frequency bins in the 10-40 Hz frequency range. Accordingly, the spectral analysis methods described in this paper could provide complementary and improved classification of respiratory modulations in the SCG signal over and above time-domain SCG analysis methods.
Molecular definition and sequence motifs of the 52-kD component of human SS-A/Ro autoantigen. (1991)

Serum SS-A/Ro autoantibodies are commonly found in patients with Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, neonatal lupus, and subacute cutaneous lupus. Two proteins of 60 and 52 kD have been described as targets for these autoantibodies. To define the 52-kD component unambiguously, cDNA clones were isolated from human HepG2 and MOLT-4 cell cDNA libraries. The identity of cDNA was established by (a) the specificity of the antibody affinity purified from the recombinant protein, (b) the reactivity of the purified recombinant protein with prototype SS-A/Ro sera in immunoblot and ELISA, and (c) two-dimensional gel comigration of MOLT-4 cell 52-kD protein and the recombinant protein. A 1.9-kb cDNA encoded the complete 52-kD protein containing 475 amino acids (Mr 54,082). Putative zinc-finger domains and a leucine zipper motif were identified in the amino-terminal half of the 52-kD protein, implicating its possible association with DNA/RNA. Sequence homology detected between the 52-kD protein and human ret transforming protein, and mouse T cell gene expression down-regulatory protein rpt-1, may provide leads to the functional role of the 52-kD protein in addition to the possibility that these proteins might constitute members of a subfamily of finger proteins.
Synergy of the protein farnesyltransferase inhibitor SCH66336 and cisplatin in human cancer cell lines. (2001)

The enzyme protein farnesyltransferase, which catalyzes the first step in the posttranslational modification of ras and a number of other polypeptides, has emerged as an important target for the development of anticancer agents. SCH66336 is one of the first farnesyltransferase inhibitors to undergo clinical testing. In the present study, we examined the effect of combining SCH66336 with several classes of antineoplastic drugs in various human tumor cell lines. Flow cytometry indicated that SCH66336 had no effect on the cell cycle distribution of treated cells. Nonetheless, colony-forming assays revealed that the antiproliferative effects of SCH66336 and 5-fluorouracil were less than additive. In contrast, the effects of SCH66336 and melphalan were additive. Moreover, the combination of SCH66336 + cisplatin produced antiproliferative effects that were additive or synergistic over a broad range of clinically achievable concentrations in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells and T98G human glioblastoma cells, but less than additive in MCF-7 breast, HCT116 colon, or BxPC-3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Examination of the effect of drug sequencing in A549 cells revealed synergism when cells were exposed to SCH66336 and then cisplatin and antagonism when drugs were administered in the opposite order. The additive and synergistic effects resulted in enhanced apoptosis with the SCH66336 + cisplatin combination. Additional studies failed to show any effect of SCH66336 on the formation or removal of platinum-DNA adducts, raising the possibility that SCH66336 is affecting survival of cisplatin-treated cells downstream of the DNA lesions. These observations suggest that SCH66336 exhibits additive or synergistic effects when combined with cisplatin in a sequence- and cell line-dependent fashion. Additional preclinical and clinical study of this combination appears warranted.
Structural properties of As-rich GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy at low temperatures (1989)

GaAs layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at substrate temperatures between 200 and 300 °C were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. High-resolution TEM cross-sectional images showed a high degree of crystalline perfection of these layers. For a layer grown at 200 °C and unannealed, x-ray diffraction revealed a 0.1% increase in the lattice parameter in comparison with bulk GaAs. For the same layer, EPR detected arsenic antisite defects with a concentration as high as 5×1018 cm−3. This is the first observation of antisite defects in MBE-grown GaAs. These results are related to off-stoichiometric, strongly As-rich growth, possible only at such low temperatures. These findings are of relevance to the specific electrical properties of low-temperature MBE-grown GaAs layers.
Endogenous Technological Change (1990)

Growth in this model is driven by technological change that arises from intentional investment decisions made by profit-maximizing agents. The distinguishing feature of the technology as an input is that it is neither a conventional good nor a public good; it is a nonrival, partially excludable good. Because of the nonconvexity introduced by a nonrival good, price-taking competition cannot be supported. Instead, the equilibrium is one with monopolistic competition. The main conclusions are that the stock of human capital determines the rate of growth, that too little human capital is devoted to research in equilibrium, that integration into world markets will increase growth rates, and that having a large population is not sufficient to generate growth.
Fiber-top atomic force microscope (2006)

We present the implementation of an atomic force microscope (AFM) based on fiber-top design. Our results demonstrate that the performances of fiber-top AFMs in contact mode are comparable to those of similar commercially available instruments. Our device thus represents an interesting alternative to existing AFMs, particularly for applications outside specialized research laboratories, where a compact, user-friendly, and versatile tool might often be preferred.
Resonance Fluorescence ofNa23Above 3 MeV (1972)

Five levels in $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ were studied using nuclear resonance fluorescence. A previously reported level at 3.91 MeV was identified as a doublet with levels at 3914.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.8 and 3916.3 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.8 keV. Levels of 5375.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2.7, 5742.7 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2.9, and 5768.3 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2.9 keV have widths ($g\ensuremath{\Gamma}$) of ${2.45}_{\ensuremath{-}0.41}^{+0.48}$, ${1.29}_{\ensuremath{-}0.09}^{+0.10}$, and ${0.62}_{\ensuremath{-}0.04}^{+0.05}$ eV, respectively, as measured by self-absorption experiments. The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray branching ratios for these levels were measured with a 40-${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ Ge(Li) spectrometer.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS: are there any MR findings useful to patient management and predictive of patient survival? AIDS Clinical Trials Group, 243 Team. (2000)

Except for mass effect, we found no MR findings predictive of the risk of death in patients with PML. The mass effect, however, was so infrequent and minimal that it was not a useful MR prognostic sign.
MicroPET and Autoradiographic Imaging of Breast Cancer αv-Integrin Expression Using 18F- and 64Cu-Labeled RGD Peptide (2003)

Cell adhesion molecules alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 play a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Antiangiogenic therapy by using small peptide antagonists of alphav-integrins slows tumor growth and prevents tumor spread. The ability to visualize and quantify integrin expression will enable selection of appropriate patients for clinical trials, following determination of treatment efficacy and development of new potent drugs. We have previously labeled cyclic RGD peptide c(RGDyK) with 125I and 18F and applied the radiotracers to both subcutaneous and orthotopic brain tumor models. Here we conjugated c(RGDyK) with 1,4,7,10-tetraaza-1,4,7,10-tetradodecane-N,N',N' ',N' "-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and labeled the DOTA-RGD conjugate with 64Cu (t1/2) = 12.8 h, 19% beta+) in high radiochemical purity and specific activity. The tumor targeting ability and in vivo kinetics of 64Cu-DOTA-RGD was compared with [18F]FB-RGD and 125I-RGD in orthotopic MDA-MB-435 breast cancer model. All three radiotracers revealed fast blood clearance and high tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios. 125I-RGD had higher tumor uptake than the corresponding 18F and 64Cu analogues. [18F]FB-RGD indicated a fast tumor washout rate and an unfavorable hepatobiliary excretion pathway, resulting in significant activity accumulation in gallbladder and intestines. 64Cu-DOTA-RGD had prolonged tumor retention (1.44 +/- 0.09 %ID/g at 4 h postinjection) and persistent uptake in the liver. All three tracers revealed receptor specific tumor accumulation which were illustrated by effective blocking via coinjection with a blocking dose of c(RGDyK). Static microPET imaging and whole-body autoradiography showed strong contrast from the contralateral background. In conclusion, overall molecular charge and characteristics of radiolabels have profound effects on tumor accumulation and in vivo kinetics of radiolabeled RGD peptide. Further modification of the RGD peptide and optimization of the tracer for prolonged tumor uptake and improved in vivo kinetics are being explored.
Oxygen diffusion and reaction kinetics in the photodynamic therapy of multicell tumour spheroids (1994)

Effects of oxygen diffusion and reaction kinetics in photodynamic therapy are considered in the context of a multicell tumour spheroid model. Steady-state measurements of oxygen made with a Clark-style microelectrode (4 microm diameter tip) enable us to determine the rate of metabolic oxygen consumption and the oxygen diffusion coefficient in 500 microm diameter EMT6/Ro spheroids. These values are 5.77 micromol 1(-1) s(-1) and 1460 microm2 s(-1), respectively. Time-dependent electrode measurements of oxygen concentration during laser irradiation of individual Photofrin-sensitized spheroids are fitted to numerical solutions of a pair of diffusion-with-reaction equations. The analysis yields the rate of photodynamic oxygen consumption and a parameter that governs the oxygen sensitivity of photodynamic therapy. These experimentally derived quantities are used to calculate the temporal and spatial distributions of oxygen and the rate of oxygen consumption in a spheroid during irradiation at several fluence rates. The spatial distribution of photodynamic oxygen consumption is strongly fluence rate dependent. Using the experimental and theoretical results developed in this report, previously published survival data are analysed. The analysis indicates that the threshold dose of reacting singlet oxygen in the EMT6/Ro spheroid is 323 +/- 38 micromol 1(-1) (mean +/- SEM).
Integrated laser with low-loss high-index-contrast waveguides for OEICs (2005)

Photonic integrated circuits require the ability to integrate both lasers and waveguides with low absorption and coupling loss. This technology is being developed at LLNL for digital logic gates for optical key generation circuits to facilitate secure communications. Here, we demonstrate an approach of integrating InGaAs DQW edge emitting lasers (EEL) with electron beam evaporated dielectric waveguides. The EELs are defined by electron cyclotron resonance etching (ECR). This approach results in highly anisotropic etched mirrors with smooth etched features (sidewall rms roughness = 28 &angst;, surface rms roughness = 10 &angst;). The mirror is etched to form both the laser cavity and define the waveguide mesa, which accommodates a dielectric stack, where the core is aligned with the active region of the laser to achieve maximum vertical mode overlapping. The waveguides are based on SiO<sub>2</sub>/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> which yields a high index contrast of 0.6, resulting in low loss guides (~2-3dB/cm). The design of the interface has taken into account the waveguide transmission loss, air gap spacing and tilt between the laser and waveguide. The critical feature for this deposition technique is its required high directionality or minimal sidewall deposition and corner effects. In the butt coupled EEL/waveguide system we have measured a slope efficiency to be as high as 0.45 W/A. We have in conclusion demonstrated a technology that allows direct coupling of a dielectric optical interconnect to a semiconductor laser monolithically fabricated on the semiconductor substrate.
Relevance of Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance Genes in Human Breast Cancer Progression and Tamoxifen Resistance (2008)

The majority of BCAR genes, which were revealed to confer tamoxifen resistance and estrogen independence in vitro by functional screening, have clinical relevance, and associate with tamoxifen resistance and/or tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer patients.
Intranasal dexmedetomidine: Procedural sedation in palliative care: A case report (2021)

Intranasal dexmedetomidine is a potentially useful medication for procedural sedation in the management of complex wound dressings. It provides rousable short-term sedation, anxiolysis and analgesia. Further research into the role of intranasal dexmedetomidine to facilitate challenging dressing changes in a community setting is warranted.
Species-specific identification of and distinction between Borrelia burgdorferi genomic groups by using 16S rRNA-directed oligonucleotide probes (1992)

Examination of a number of previously published aligned Borrelia 16S rRNA sequences revealed the presence of regions which could serve as oligonucleotide probe targets for both species-specific identification of Borrelia burgdorferi and distinction between genomic groups. Total cellular RNA isolated from Borrelia cultures was used in slot blot analysis. Radiolabeled oligonucleotides designed to hybridize to specific 16S rRNA targets were used as probes. These probes allowed for both species-specific identification and genomic group typing of B. burgdorferi.
Afferent electrical stimulation of mesenteric nerves inhibits duodenal HCO3 secretion via a spinal reflex activation of the splanchnic nerves in the rat (1988)

The experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats anaesthetized with chloralose. Duodenal HCO3- secretion was measured in situ by pH-stat titration. The nerves bundles surrounding two randomly chosen mesenteric vessels were electrically stimulated (3 Hz, supramaximal intensity) in the afferent direction. This was done in order to mimic the intestino-intestinal spinal reflex activation of the splanchnic sympathetic fibres. The procedure reduced duodenal HCO3- secretion by 20% together with an increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Duodenal HCO3- secretion decreased similarly in control rats and in those subjected to a cervical cord transection, whereas animals with bilaterally cut splanchnic nerves did not respond to such mesenteric nerve stimulation. Pharmacological pretreatment with guanethidine or yohimbine, but not prazosin, inhibited the reduction in duodenal HCO3- secretion. Thus the data suggest that electrical stimulation of mesenteric afferent nerves inhibits duodenal HCO3- secretion via a spinal reflex activation of splanchnic sympathetic nerve fibres to the duodenum, and that the response is mediated via alpha 2 adrenoceptors.
Mixed BB-IF predistortion of OFDM signals in non-linear channels (2001)

It is well known that power amplifier induced non-linear distortions produce a signal spectral regrowth at the IF transmitter output of digital radio communication systems. This effect is responsible for both adjacent channel interference and BER degradation. Signal predistortion is a technique that counteracts such phenomena. Technological advances in the last decade, renewing the interest in this technique, led to the realization of digital baseband (BB) predistorters that overcome the performance of the existing analog IF (intermediate frequency) ones. However, the substitution of an analog IF predistorter with a digital BB one forces one to partially redesign the system architecture. An alternative approach is proposed in this paper, based on digital and analog techniques, which combines the precision of the digital BB solution with the practicality of an IF architecture. This solution is particularly interesting to substitute an old analog IF predistorter simply plugging-in the new digital one, without further changes in the transmitter architecture. Critical aspects, predistortion algorithms and simulation performance are presented with respect to a digital video broadcasting system which is based on an OFDM modulation and is very sensitive to non-linear distortions because of the adopted multicarrier modulation.
Theory Of Alkyl Terminated Silicon Quantum Dots (2004)

We have carried out a series of ab-initio calculations to investigate changes in the optical properties of Si quantum dots as a function of surface passivation. In particular, we have compared hydrogen passivated dots with those having alkyl groups at the surface. We find that, while on clusters with reconstructed surfaces a complete alkyl passivation is possible, steric repulsion prevents full passivation of Si dots with unreconstructed surfaces. In addition, our calculations show that steric repulsion may have a dominant effect in determining the surface structure, and eventually the stability of alkyl passivated clusters, with results dependent on the length of the carbon chain. Alkyl passivation weakly affects optical gaps of silicon quantum dots, while it substantially decreases ionization potentials and electron affinities and affect their excited state properties. On the basis of our results we propose that alkyl terminated quantum dots may be size selected taking advantage of the change in ionization potential as a function of the cluster size.
Differential DNA damage responses in p53 proficient and deficient cells: cisplatin-induced nuclear import of XPA is independent of ATR checkpoint in p53-deficient lung cancer cells. (2011)

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/ATR (ATM- and RAD3-related) DNA damage checkpoints are among the major pathways that affect the chemotherapeutic efficiency of the anticancer drug cisplatin. Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) protein plays a crucial role in NER including both global genome repair (GG-NER) and transcription-coupled repair (TC-NER) subpathways, and has been a potential target for improving cisplatin therapeutic effects. We report here that XPA translocates from the cytosol into the nucleus after DNA damage induced by UV irradiation and cisplatin, a mimetic of UV damage, in human cells with or without p53 deficiency. However, the damage-induced response of XPA nuclear import was significantly slower in p53-deficient cells than in p53-proficient cells. We also found that while XPA is imported into the nucleus upon cisplatin or UV damage in an ATR-dependent manner in p53-proficient A549 lung cancer cells, the ATR checkpoint pathway has no effect on the XPA nuclear import in p53-deficient H1299 lung cancer cells. Similarly, the XPA nuclear translocation is not regulated by ATM checkpoint or by p38MAPK/MK2 either. Our findings suggest that NER is independent on the major DNA damage checkpoint pathways in H1299 (p53(-/-)) cells and that DNA damage responses are mechanistically different between p53-proficient and p53-deficient cells. Our results also highlight the possibility of selectively targeting XPA nuclear import as a way to sensitize cisplatin anticancer activity, but targeting ATR/ATM-dependent checkpoints may not be helpful in killing p53-deficient cancer cells.
Interleukin-20 plays a critical role in maintenance and development of psoriasis in the human xenograft transplantation model (2009)

The results suggest that IL-20 plays a critical role in the induction and maintenance of psoriasis, and IL-20 is suggested as a new possible specific target in psoriasis treatment.
A randomised, controlled, double blind, escalating dose study of alicaforsen enema in active ulcerative colitis (2004)

Alicaforsen enema showed promising acute and long term benefit in patients with mild to moderate descending ulcerative colitis. Alicaforsen enemas had a favourable safety profile. These findings require verification in larger randomised controlled clinical trials.
Plasma-chemical vapor deposition of wide band gap a-SiC:H films: An ab initio molecular-orbital study (2000)

Plasma surface reactions for preparing a-SiC:H films system have been quantum chemically studied by using an ab initio molecular orbital method. The calculated results suggest that the sp2 carbons are preferentially formed in a-SiC:H films which have high carbon contents if silane and methane are used as source gases. It makes the band gap of a-SiC:H films with high carbon contents narrow. In order to produce a-SiC:H with wide band gap, a quantum chemical reaction design has been performed. The effect of chlorine and fluorine substitution in carbon sources on plasma surface reactions have been studied. The activation energy for sp3 network formation reactions of carbons which bonds to chlorine with dangling bond site is much lower than that of hydrocarbons with dangling bond site (20.3 and 59.2 kcal/mol, respectively). The results indicate that chloro-substituted methanes are good carbon source gases for preparing a-SiC:H films with a wide band gap.
A dynamic model of an a-Si:H photoconductive sensor (1991)

A dynamic model of an a-Si:H photoconductive sensor under a pulse driven condition is proposed. In this model, it is assumed that a high rate of recombination at the interface between a-Si:H and the substrate occurs due to hole drift along the interface when a driving voltage is applied between the electrodes. Calculated results agree with experimental results to an accuracy of 10%. It is shown that the localized state density of the bulk a-Si:H is one of the dominant factors determining the photoresponse of the a-Si:H photoconductive sensor under a pulse driven condition, and that the minimum photoresponse time of this sensor is about 5 ms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Peptide epitopes from noncytosolic Listeria monocytogenes can be presented by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (1996)

Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen which escapes the phagosome and resides in the cytosol of the host cell. Using Listeria innocua and a mutant strain of L. monocytogenes (listeriolysin O negative), which do not enter the cytosol of the host cell, we demonstrate class I presentation of an epitope of p60, a protein secreted by L. monocytogenes, to a class I-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone.