gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fate and protective effect of marrow stromal cells after subretinal transplantation (2008)

Engraftment of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for degenerative diseases. In this study we investigated the fate and dynamic progress of grafted MSCs in living retina with the aim of evaluating the use of transplanted MSCs to treat retinal degeneration. Approximately 1x10(5) gfp-MSCs in 2 microl phosphate-buffered saline were injected into the subretinal space of adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Two weeks later, approximately 0.174%+/-0.082% of the transplanted cells had survived and diffused into the subretinal space. Nine weeks after transplantation the surviving gfp-MSCs accounted for 0.049%+/-0.023% of the number of cells injected and were mainly located at the injection site. The same number of MSCs were transplanted into the left eye subretinal space of 3-week-old hereditary retinal degenerative Royal College of Surgeons rats, and phosphate-buffered saline was injected into their right eyes as a control. Five weeks after transplantation, the amount of rudimentary photoreceptors was more significantly increased in grafted eyes than in control eyes. The results indicated that grafted MSCs could survive and rescue retinal degeneration.
Correction: The miR-30 MicroRNA Family Targets smoothened to Regulate Hedgehog Signalling in Zebrafish Early Muscle Development (2013)

The importance of microRNAs in development is now widely accepted. However, identifying the specific targets of individual microRNAs and understanding their biological significance remains a major challenge. We have used the zebrafish model system to evaluate the expression and function of microRNAs potentially involved in muscle development and study their interaction with predicted target genes. We altered expression of the miR-30 microRNA family and generated phenotypes that mimicked misregulation of the Hedgehog pathway. Inhibition of the miR-30 family increases activity of the pathway, resulting in elevated ptc1 expression and increased numbers of superficial slow-muscle fibres. We show that the transmembrane receptor smoothened is a target of this microRNA family. Our results indicate that fine coordination of smoothened activity by the miR-30 family allows the correct specification and differentiation of distinct muscle cell types during zebrafish embryonic development.
Improved in vivo and in vitro viability of platelet concentrates stored for seven days in a platelet additive solution (1987)

An additive solution has been developed for storage of platelet concentrates (PC) which sustains improved in vivo and in vitro viability after 7 d of storage in second generation oxygen permeable containers. This platelet additive solution is a protein-free physiologic salt solution fortified with citrate, bicarbonate and glucose. The in vivo quality of the PC was evaluated by autologous radiolabelling with Indium-111-oxine to measure recovery and survival by multiple hit analysis. The in vitro quality was evaluated by total ATP content, hypotonic shock response and extent of shape change with ADP. Ten paired studies were performed with PC from the same donor being stored for 7 d at 22 degrees C in both CPDA-1 plasma and the additive solution. Mean recoveries and survivals were found to be substantially higher with PC stored in the additive solution than with PC stored in CPDA-1 plasma (51.0 +/- 7.8% and 144.1 +/- 15.9 h versus 36.6 +/- 10.7% and 110.4 +/- 31.6 h). The differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The results of the in vitro assays described above parallelled the in vivo results, with statistically significantly superior results (P less than 0.01) for all parameters of PC stored in the additive solution. This study is the first to show that PC quality may be improved and storage extended using an additive solution.
Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Presean Tingkat Sekolah Dasar di SD Islam NW Tanah Abror (2019)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modifikasi permainan tradisional peresean tingkat sekolah dasar yang baik, efektif dan menyenangkan yang dapat digunakan oleh guru pendidikan jasmani. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan ( education research and development (R &amp; D) meliputi sebagai berikut: (1) pengembangan produk; (2) pengumpulan informasi; (3) desain produk (draf model); (4) validasi ahli dan revisi; (5) uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan revisi; (6) uji coba lapangan skala besar dan revisi; (7) pembuatan produk final, revisi uji coba skala kecil pada 10 siswa Sekolah Dasar Islam NW Tanah Abror; (8) uji coba produk skala besar pada 20 siswa Sekolah Dasar Islam NW Tanah Abror; (9) revisi produk dan, . Instrumen yaitu: (1) Lembar wawancara dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini berupa modifikasi permainan tradisional peresean. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi permainan olahraga tradisional peresean untuk sekolah dasar di Sekolah Dasar Islam NW Tanah Abror direspon baik dan efektif. Hal ini dibuktikan persentase, nilai rata-rata pada kuesioner ahli adalah 66% pada uji coba sekala kecil, 73% pada skala besar dan respon peserta didik positif sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran. DOI: 10.29408/porkes.v2i1.1468
A constitutive model for soft clayey rocks that includes weathering effects (2007)

Microstructural and mineralogical observations of clay-stones reveal the presence of clay aggregates bonded by a skeleton of inert minerals such as calcium carbonate. The behaviour of these natural materials evolves from a rock-like behaviour, when undisturbed, to clay-like soil when weathered or when subjected to straining. A model has been developed to simulate the constitutive behaviour of these transitional materials. Following the proposal made by Vaunat &amp; Gens, the material is conceived as a composite medium made of a clay matrix and a quasi-brittle bonding microstructure. The basic model has been modified and extended to reproduce the expansive behaviour of the clay matrix, a fundamental aspect to simulate weathering effects, induced largely by drying–wetting cycles. The clay matrix reacts to stress and suction changes, whereas the bond component is not affected by suction changes. An elasto-plastic double-structure model for expansive clay soils describes the clay matrix. The bonding structure follows a damage model. The interaction between the two constitutive models derives from strain compatibility conditions and energy considerations. The model performance is first illustrated by means of a sensitive analysis that explores the effect of initial bond strength, bond damage rate, bonding concentration, and wetting–drying cycles. Simple stress paths (uniaxial deformation; triaxial compression) are used to highlight the features of the formulation and the role of significant parameters. Some published tests are also reproduced with the model. They have been selected to show some relevant features of evolving soft clay rocks: stiffness and strength degradation during loading and enhanced rebound during unloading, and the effect of drying–wetting cycles on subsequent stiffness and strength degradation.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-HIV Activity and Metabolic Interactions of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine (2006)

The combination of TFV and FTC showed additive to synergistic anti-HIV activity in vitro, which correlated with the levels of intracellular phosphorylation observed. These results support the use of these drugs as a dual NRTI backbone in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1.
Melatonin and Human Rhythms (2006)

Melatonin signals time of day and time of year in mammals by virtue of its pattern of secretion, which defines 'biological night.' It is supremely important for research on the physiology and pathology of the human biological clock. Light suppresses melatonin secretion at night using pathways involved in circadian photoreception. The melatonin rhythm (as evidenced by its profile in plasma, saliva, or its major metabolite, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin [aMT6s] in urine) is the best peripheral index of the timing of the human circadian pacemaker. Light suppression and phase-shifting of the melatonin 24 h profile enables the characterization of human circadian photoreception, and circulating concentrations of the hormone are used to investigate the general properties of the human circadian system in health and disease. Suppression of melatonin by light at night has been invoked as a possible influence on major disease risk as there is increasing evidence for its oncostatic effects. Exogenous melatonin acts as a 'chronobiotic.' Acutely, it increases sleep propensity during 'biological day.' These properties have led to successful treatments for serveal circadian rhythm disorders. Endogenous melatonin acts to reinforce the functioning of the human circadian system, probably in many ways. The future holds much promise for melatonin as a research tool and as a therapy for various conditions.
[Use of computers in the roentgenological diagnosis of gynecologic diseases]. (1989)

The authors analyze the use of computers in x-ray examinations of gynecologic patients. X-ray signs of infertility, endometritis, tuberculosis, myoma, malignant tumors, etc. were formalized. A total of 131 patients were examined and a council of physicians for these cases was computer-simulated. Variants of computer-processed x-ray diagnoses are presented, their informativeness indexes ranging from 0 to 100%. Programmed processing may be realized via SM-4, SM-1420, IZOT-1016C, Electronika 100-25 computers. The FORTRAN program language was employed to make up the programs.
Photosensitization of malignant tumors (1986)

Photodynamic therapy is a new, experimental method of treating malignant tumors by utilizing the relatively selective retention of the photosensitizer (hematoporphyrin derivative or dihematoporphyrin ether) and its ability to elicit an efficient photodynamic reaction upon activation with penetrating viable light. Application of this therapy to tumors in the bronchus, bladder, skin, and several other sites has demonstrated both safety and efficacy, even in advanced cases. Eradication of early stage tumors in the bronchus and bladder has been demonstrated. Selective retention of the photosensitizers in tumors is apparently related to the relatively large size of the aggregates of these materials causing phagocytosis by reticuloendothelial cells as well as preventing rapid clearance from tumor interstitial fluid and subsequent uptake in lipophylic components of cells. Upon light activation, generally delivered from lasers via fiber optics, the sensitizers generate singlet oxygen, the apparent cytotoxic agent, causing both vascular damage and injury to tumor cells.
Cell‐based gene therapy for repair of critical size defects in the rat fibula (2011)

More than a decade has passed since the first experiments using adenovirus-transduced cells expressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 were performed for the synthesis of bone. Since this time, the field of bone gene therapy has tackled many issues surrounding safety and efficacy of this type of strategy. We present studies examining the parameters of the timing of bone healing, and remodeling when heterotopic ossification (HO) is used for bone fracture repair using an adenovirus gene therapy approach. We use a rat fibula defect, which surprisingly does not heal even when a simple fracture is introduced. In this model, the bone quickly resorbs most likely due to the non-weight bearing nature of this bone in rodents. Using our gene therapy system robust HO can be introduced at the targeted location of the defect resulting in bone repair. The HO and resultant bone healing appeared to be dose dependent, based on the number of AdBMP2-transduced cells delivered. Interestingly, the HO undergoes substantial remodeling, and assumes the size and shape of the missing segment of bone. However, in some instances we observed some additional bone associated with the repair, signifying that perhaps the forces on the newly forming bone are inadequate to dictate shape. In all cases, the HO appeared to fuse into the adjacent long bone. The data collectively indicates that the use of BMP2 gene therapy strategies may vary depending on the location and nature of the defect. Therefore, additional parameters should be considered when implementing such strategies.
Features of Alagille Syndrome in 92 Patients: Frequency and Relation to Prognosis (1999)

We have studied 92 patients with Alagille syndrome (AGS) to determine the frequency of clinical manifestations and to correlate the clinical findings with outcome. Liver biopsy specimens showed paucity of the interlobular ducts in 85% of patients. Cholestasis was seen in 96%, cardiac murmur in 97%, butterfly vertebrae in 51%, posterior embryotoxon in 78%, and characteristic facies in 96% of patients. Renal disease was present in 40% and intracranial bleeding or stroke occurred in 14% of patients. The presence of intracardiac congenital heart disease was the only clinical feature statistically associated with increased mortality (P <.001). Initial measures of hepatic function in infancy including absence of scintiscan excretion were not predictive of risk for transplantation or increased mortality. The hepatic histology of these AGS patients showed a significant increase in the prevalence of bile duct paucity (P =.002) and fibrosis (P <.001) with increasing age. Liver transplantation for hepatic decompensation was necessary in 21% (19 of 92) of patients with 79% survival 1-year posttransplantation. Current mortality is 17% (16 of 92). The factors that contributed significantly to mortality were complex congenital heart disease (15%), intracranial bleeding (25%), and hepatic disease or hepatic transplantation (25%). The 20-year predicted life expectancy is 75% for all patients, 80% for those not requiring liver transplantation, and 60% for those who required liver transplantation.
Chemical investigation of ceylonese plants. Part 27. Extractives of Calophyllum cuneifolium Thw. and Calophyllum soulattri Burm. f. (Guttiferae) (1977)

The bark and timber extractives of C. cuneifolium Thw. and C. soulattri Burm. f. have been studied. The bark extract of C. cuneifolium Thw. yielded calabaxanthone (1), trapezifolixanthone (2), taraxerol, simiarenol, friedelin, and a solid bark acid identified as isoapetalic acid (4a). The timber extract yielded 1,3,5-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (6a), six known xanthones, and β-sitosterol. The bark extract of C. soulattri Burm f. gave a new coumarin alcohol, soulattrolide (13a), taraxerol, taraxerone, and β-sitosterol. The timber extract afforded four known xanthones and the trihydroxyxanthone (6a).
Proteomic Modification by Nitric Oxide (2006)

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in cellular signaling has become one of the most rapidly growing areas in biology during the past two decades. As a gas and free radical with an unshared electron, nitric oxide participates in various biological processes. The interaction between NO and proteins may be roughly divided into two categories. In many instances, NO mediates its biological effects by activating guanylyl cyclase and elevates intracellular cyclic GMP synthesis from GTP. However, the list of cGMP-independent effects of NO is also growing at a rapid rate. In this review, the importance and relevance of nitrotyrosine formation are stressed. The utilization of intact cell cultures, tissues, and cell-free preparations along with the use of pharmacological, biochemical, and molecular biological approaches to characterize, purify, and reconstitute these NO regulatory pathways could lead to the development of new therapies for various pathological conditions that are characterized by unbalanced production of NO.
Structure and expression of a family of Ultrabithorax mRNAs generated by alternative splicing and polyadenylation in Drosophila. (1989)

The 77-kb primary transcript of the homeotic Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene is alternatively spliced to yield at least five different coding regions. Each is restricted to either a 3.2- or a 4.3-kb size class generated by alternative polyadenylation. The pathways for splicing and polyadenylation are therefore coordinately regulated, and because the relative abundance of the respective mRNAs varies throughout development, these pathways also appear to be developmentally regulated. Translation of these mRNAs yields a family of Ubx proteins characterized by constant amino- and carboxy-proximal regions of 247 and 99 amino acid residues, respectively. Members of this family are distinguished by a short variable region that links the constant regions and consists of different combinations of three optional elements of 9, 17, and 17 residues. Only four amino acid residues separate this variable region from the 60-residue homeo domain of the carboxy-terminal constant region. This proximity suggests that functional differences among the Ubx proteins derive from the differential effects of their variable regions on the DNA-binding capacity of the homeo domain. An argument is made that these functional differences are tissue specific.
Convenient and inexpensive procedure for oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient and inexpensive procedure for oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketonesRobert V. Stevens, Kevin T. Chapman, and Harold N. WellerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 10, 2030–2032Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01298a066https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01298a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6086Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent Advances on Pyrrole Synthesis through Different Annulation Modes (2021)

Pyrrole, as one of the most important heterocycles, broadly exists in various functional molecules ranging from biological contexts to natural products, man-made bioactive molecules and functional materials. Such a fact has prompted the methodology development toward the construction of such a structural unit. The recent advances on pyrrole synthesis are summarized based on different cyclization modes.
Affine invariance of human hand movements: a direct test (2012)

Geometrical invariance, in particular affine invariance, has been recently proposed as an important principle underlying the production of hand movements. However, tests of affine invariance have traditionally been applied to the consequences of this principle rather to the principle itself. Here, we designed and performed an original, direct, test of affine invariance in a scribbling experiment. In each of the 10800 pairs of randomly-selected scribbling segments, we compared the time parameterizations obtained by transforming the first segment using four different transportation rules - affine, equi-affine, Euclidian and constant - with the experimentally-observed parameterization of the second segment. We observed that, when the two paths are affinely-similar, the affine transportation of the first segment yields the time parameterization that best matches the experimental parameterization of the second segment, which directly demonstrates the existence of affine invariance in the production of hand movements.
Reviser: efficiently updating IDE-/IFDS-based data-flow analyses in response to incremental program changes (2014)

Most application code evolves incrementally, and especially so when being maintained after the applications have been deployed. Yet, most data-flow analyses do not take advantage of this fact. Instead they require clients to recompute the entire analysis even if little code has changed—a time consuming undertaking, especially with large libraries or when running static analyses often, e.g., on a continuous-integration server. In this work, we present Reviser, a novel approach for automatically and efficiently updating inter-procedural dataflow analysis results in response to incremental program changes. Reviser follows a clear-and-propagate philosophy, aiming at clearing and recomputing analysis information only where required, thereby greatly reducing the required computational effort. The Reviser algorithm is formulated as an extension to the IDE framework for Inter-procedural Finite Distributed Environment problems and automatically updates arbitrary IDE-based analyses. We have implemented Reviser as an open-source extension to the Heros IFDS/IDE solver and the Soot program-analysis framework. An evaluation of Reviser on various client analyses and target programs shows performance gains of up to 80% in comparison to a full recomputation. The experiments also show Reviser to compute the same results as a full recomputation on all instances tested.
Structural requirements for pre-microRNA binding and nuclear export by Exportin 5 (2004)

The biogenesis and function of mature human microRNAs is dependent on the nuclear export of pre-microRNA precursors by Exportin 5 (Exp5). The precursor for the human miR-30 microRNA, which is a 63 nt long RNA hairpin bearing a 2 nt 3' overhang, forms a specific complex with Exp5 and the Ran-GTP cofactor. Here, we have examined the structural requirements for pre-microRNA binding by Exp5. Our data indicate that pre-miR-30 binding requires an RNA stem of >16 bp and is facilitated by a 3' overhang. Although a blunt-ended derivative of the pre-miR-30 stem-loop remained capable of binding Exp5, 5' overhangs were inhibitory. miR-30 variants that had lost the ability to bind Exp5 effectively were not efficiently exported from the nucleus and were also expressed at reduced levels. Furthermore, formation of a pre-microRNA/Exp5/Ran-GTP complex inhibited exonucleolytic digestion of the pre-miRNA in vitro. Together, these data demonstrate that pre-microRNA binding by Exp5 involves recognition of almost all of the RNA hairpin, with the exception of the terminal loop. Moreover, these results argue that Exp5 binding not only mediates pre-microRNA nuclear export but also prevents nuclear pre-microRNA degradation.