gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Toll-Like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Agonist, Imiquimod, and the TLR9 Agonist, CpG ODN, Induce Antiviral Cytokines and Chemokines but Do Not Prevent Vaginal Transmission of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus When Applied Intravaginally to Rhesus Macaques (2005)

The initial host response to viral infection occurs after Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on dendritic cells (DC) are stimulated by viral nucleic acids (double-stranded RNA, single-stranded RNA) and alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) and IFN-beta are produced. We hypothesized that pharmacologic induction of innate antiviral responses in the cervicovaginal mucosa by topical application of TLR agonists prior to viral exposure could prevent or blunt vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). To test this hypothesis, we treated rhesus monkeys intravaginally with either the TLR9 agonist, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), or the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod. Both immune modifiers rapidly induced IFN-alpha and other antiviral effector molecules in the cervicovaginal mucosa of treated animals. However, both CpG ODN and imiquimod also induced proinflammatory cytokine expression in the cervicovaginal mucosa. In the vaginal mucosa of imiquimod-treated monkeys, we documented a massive mononuclear cell infiltrate consisting of activated CD4(+) T cells, DC, and beta-chemokine-secreting cells. After vaginal SIV inoculation, all TLR agonist-treated animals became infected and had plasma vRNA levels that were higher than those of control monkeys. We conclude that induction of mucosal innate immunity including an IFN-alpha response is not sufficient to prevent sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.
Inhibition of CSF-1R Supports T-Cell Mediated Melanoma Therapy (2014)

Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) can promote angiogenesis, invasiveness and immunosuppression. The cytokine CSF-1 (or M-CSF) is an important factor of TAM recruitment and differentiation and several pharmacological agents targeting the CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) have been developed to regulate TAM in solid cancers. We show that the kinase inhibitor PLX3397 strongly dampened the systemic and local accumulation of macrophages driven by B16F10 melanomas, without affecting Gr-1(+) myeloid derived suppressor cells. Removal of intratumoral macrophages was remarkably efficient and a modest, but statistically significant, delay in melanoma outgrowth was observed. Importantly, CSF-1R inhibition strongly enhanced tumor control by immunotherapy using tumor-specific CD8 T cells. Elevated IFNγ production by T cells was observed in mice treated with the combination of PLX3397 and immunotherapy. These results support the combined use of CSF-1R inhibition with CD8 T cell immunotherapy, especially for macrophage-stimulating tumors.
Tumor Cell Procoagulant and Urokinase Expression in Carcinoma of the Ovary (1993)

In ovarian carcinoma the procoagulant pathway may contribute to tumor progression. Clinical trials of therapeutic drugs capable of limiting local coagulability (anticoagulants, protease inhibitors) are indicated in this tumor type.
Total Synthesis of Epothilone B, Epothilone D, and cis- and trans-9,10-Dehydroepothilone D  [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 5407−5413]. (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionTotal Synthesis of Epothilone B, Epothilone D, and cis- and trans-9,10-Dehydroepothilone D [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2001, 123, 5407−5413]. James D. White, Rich G. Carter, Kurt F. Sundermann, and Markus WartmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 10, 3190Publication Date (Web):January 28, 2003Publication History Published online28 January 2003Published inissue 1 March 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0251221https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0251221correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views811Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (10 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RF Design Guide Systems, Circuits and Equations (1995)

System Design and Specification. Circuit Examples. Measurement Techniques. Useful Formulas.
E.A.O. et anglais de spécialité à l'Université : attentes et réalisations (1992)

CALL, ESP and the university : expectations and achievements. From the 1940s until the mid-1980s vocabulary acquisition was a much neglected area in both EFL/ESP teaching and applied linguistics research. Recent studies, however, have shown the importance of lexical work, particularly for the advanced learner. At the University of Paris-Dauphine, development of CALL exercises within a multi-media approach to L2 learning has focused on the area of vocabulary enhancement. Computer-based vocabulary acquisition activities, produced on the authoring system COMPULEARN, are presented and evaluated in relation to traditional teaching aids.
In vitro activity of the aerosolized agents colistin and tobramycin and five intravenous agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in southwestern Germany (2002)

Three hundred and eighty-five mucoid and non-mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 192 sputa from 57 adult cystic fibrosis patients were studied. Susceptibility testing using an agar dilution technique was performed for ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin, meropenem and piperacillin, and the aerosolized agents colistin and tobramycin. Meropenem, ceftazidime and piperacillin were the most potent agents (susceptibility 86.2%, 84.2% and 84%, respectively). Tobramycin and colistin susceptibility rates were lower, but in light of higher intrabronchial concentrations of these drugs a greater percentage of strains might still be clinically susceptible. Only 46.2% and 41.8% of isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin, respectively.
Symbol Error Probability of Two-Dimensional Signaling in Ricean Fading With Imperfect Channel Estimation (2005)

In this paper, a general analytical framework is developed for calculating the symbol error rate of two-dimensional (2-D) signaling in Ricean fading with imperfect channel estimation. We show that in the presence of channel estimation errors, the symbol error rate of arbitrary 2-D signaling in Ricean fading can be expressed as a two-fold proper integral with finite integration limits, which is suitable for numerical evaluation. This new analysis is applicable to any channel estimation scheme where the estimated and the actual channel gains are jointly complex-Gaussian. System parameters related to specific channel estimation schemes are optimized and the effect of Doppler frequency shift in the channel line-of-sight component on the error performance is investigated using our analysis.
A multiplex PCR for non-invasive fetal RHD genotyping using cell-free fetal DNA. (2011)

The proposed protocol is rapid, applicable in most molecular diagnostic laboratories and provides the basis for non-invasive examination of fetal RhD with 96.7% specificity and 100% sensitivity.
Preventing acute gut wall damage in infectious diarrhoeas with glycosylated dendrimers (2012)

Intestinal pathogens use the host's excessive inflammatory cytokine response, designed to eliminate dangerous bacteria, to disrupt epithelial gut wall integrity and promote their tissue invasion. We sought to develop a non-antibiotic-based approach to prevent this injury. Molecular docking studies suggested that glycosylated dendrimers block the TLR4-MD-2-LPS complex, and a 13.6 kDa polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer glucosamine (DG) reduced the induction of human monocyte interleukin (IL)-6 by Gram-negative bacteria. In a rabbit model of shigellosis, PAMAM-DG prevented epithelial gut wall damage and intestinal villous destruction, reduced local IL-6 and IL-8 expression, and minimized bacterial invasion. Computational modelling studies identified a 3.3 kDa polypropyletherimine (PETIM)-DG as the smallest likely bioactive molecule. In human monocytes, high purity PETIM-DG potently inhibited Shigella Lipid A-induced IL-6 expression. In rabbits, PETIM-DG prevented Shigella-induced epithelial gut wall damage, reduced local IL-6 and IL-8 expression, and minimized bacterial invasion. There was no change in β-defensin, IL-10, interferon-β, transforming growth factor-β, CD3 or FoxP3 expression. Small and orally delivered DG could be useful for preventing gut wall tissue damage in a wide spectrum of infectious diarrhoeal diseases.
Regulatory factor X, a bare lymphocyte syndrome transcription factor, is a multimeric phosphoprotein complex (1997)

Regulatory factor X (RFX) is a transcription factor that binds the conserved X1 box of MHC class II promoters and is essential for transcription of class II genes. The subunit structure of the native RFX complex was examined by coimmunoprecipitation using polyclonal antisera to the 75-kDa subunit of RFX, RFX5. Two polypeptides with apparent masses of 41 and 36 kDa coimmunoprecipitated with RFX5 and appear to be subunits of the native RFX complex. Metabolic labeling of wild-type and mutant B cells with [32P]orthophosphate demonstrated that each of the RFX subunits was phosphorylated in vivo and that the phosphorylation of the RFX subunits was independent of the essential MHC class II regulatory factor, CIITA. The trimeric RFX complex was also present in fibroblast cells with or without IFN-gamma treatment. Both the p41 and p36 subunits were absent in immunoprecipitations of RFX5 from lysates of independently established B cell lines from bare lymphocyte syndrome complementation groups B and D. Together, these results suggest that RFX complex assembly is required for class II expression and that the mutations in bare lymphocyte syndrome complementation groups B and D result in an inability to assemble the RFX complex.
Bipartite Signal Sequence Mediates Nuclear Translocation of the Plant Potyviral NIa Protein (1991)

James C. Carrington, Deon D. Freed, Andrew J. Leinicke, Bipartite Signal Sequence Mediates Nuclear Translocation of the Plant Potyviral NIa Protein, The Plant Cell, Vol. 3, No. 9 (Sep., 1991), pp. 953-962
A new twist to coiled coil (2012)

Spectrin repeats have been largely considered as passive linkers or spacers with little functional role other than to convey flexibility to a protein. Whilst this is undoubtedly part of their function, it is by no means all. Whilst the overt structure of all spectrin repeats is a simple triple-helical coiled coil, the linkages between repeats and the surface properties of repeats vary widely. Spectrin repeats in different proteins can act as dimerisation interfaces, platforms for the recruitment of signalling molecules, and as a site for the interaction with cytoskeletal elements and even direct association with membrane lipids. In the case of dystrophin several of these functions overlap in the space of a few repeats.
Quantum Cascade Lasers (2002)

Band-structure engineering has led to a fundamentally new laser with applications ranging from highly sensitive trace-gas analysis to communications.
The Arabidopsis homeotic genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA are sufficient to provide the B class organ identity function (1996)

The class B organ identity genes, APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, are required to specify petal and stamen identity in the Arabidopsis flower. We show here that the activities of these two genes are sufficient to specify petals and stamens in flowers, in combination with the class A and C genes, respectively. Flowers of plants constitutively expressing both PISTILLATA and APETALA3 under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus consist of two outer whorls of petals and inner whorls of stamens. These plants also exhibit vegetative phenotypes that are not present in either of the singly (APETALA3 or PISTILLATA) overexpressing lines. These phenotypes include leaf curling and the partial conversion of later-arising cauline leaves to petals. The presence of additional floral whorls in flowers ectopically expressing APETALA3 and PISTILLATA and the rescue of missing organs in class A mutants by ectopic B function suggest that APETALA3 and PISTILLATA play an additional role in proliferation of the floral meristem.
The experience of patients with rheumatoid arthritis admitted to hospital (2001)

These findings throw important new light on the experience of patients with RA receiving inpatient rheumatologic care and have the potential to significantly advance nursing practice within rheumatology.
Electron-Rich, Bulky Ruthenium PNP-Type Complexes. Acceptorless Catalytic Alcohol Dehydrogenation (2004)

Reaction of the electron-rich, bulky tridentate PNP ligand (2,6-bis-(di-tert-butylphosphinomethyl)pyridine) with Ru(PPh3)3Cl2 at 65 °C resulted in formation of a solution containing the dinitrogen monomeric Ru(II) complex 1a and the N2-bridged dinuclear Ru(II) complex 1b, which can be interconverted. Passing argon through the solution results in formation of pure 1b. The Ru(II) hydride dinitrogen complex 2 was obtained by the reaction of complex 1b with 2 equiv of NaBEt3H. Complex 1b reacted with 4 equiv of AgOCOCF3 to yield [Ru(PNP)(CF3COO)2], 3. The Ru(II) carbonyl hydride complex 4 was obtained by the reaction of PNP and Ru2(OAc)4 in methanol as a result of O−H activation and decarbonylation of methanol. Complexes 1b, 2, and 4 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1b and 2 catalyze the dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to the corresponding ketones with good yields and high selectivity accompanied with the evolution of dihydrogen in a homogeneous system without a need for a hydrogen acceptor. The presumed intermediate Ru dihydride complex is generated in situ by reaction 1b or 2 with a base (1 equiv for each Ru−Cl bond), and the reaction can proceed in the absence of excess base or acid.
Simultaneous measurement of reactions in microdroplets filled by concentration gradients (2009)

This work describes a technology for performing and monitoring simultaneously several reactions confined in strings of microdroplets having identical volumes but different composition, and travelling with the same speed in parallel channels of a microfluidic device. This technology, called parallel microdroplets technology (PmicroD), uses an inverted optical microscope and a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to collect images and analyze them so as to report on the reactions occurring in these microdroplets. A concentration gradient of one reactant is created in the microfluidic device. In each channel, a different concentration of this reactant is mixed with a fixed amount of a second reactant. Using planar flow-focusing methodology, these mixtures are confined in microdroplets of pL size which travel in oil as continuous medium, avoiding laminar dispersion. By analyzing the images of parallel strings of microdroplets, the time courses of several reactions with different reagent compositions are investigated simultaneously. In order to design the microfluidic device that consists in a complex network of channels having well-defined geometries and restricted positions, the theoretical concept of equivalent channels (i.e. channels having identical hydraulic resistance) is exploited and developed. As a demonstration of the PmicroD technology, an enzyme activity assay was carried out and the steady-state kinetic constants were determined.
Comparison of the hemocyanin β‐barrel with other greek key β‐barrels: Possible importance of the “β‐zipper” in protein structure and folding (1992)

The Greek key beta-barrel topology is a folding motif observed in many proteins of widespread evolutionary origin. The arthropodan hemocyanins also have such a Greek key beta-barrel, which forms the core of the third domain of this protein. The hemocyanin beta-barrel was found to be structurally very similar to the beta-barrels of the immunoglobulin domains, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and the chromophore carrying antitumor proteins. The structural similarity within this group of protein families is not accompanied by an evolutionary or functional relationship. It is therefore possible to study structure-sequence relations without bias from nonstructural constraints. The present study reports a conserved pattern of features in these Greek key beta-barrels that is strongly suggestive of a folding nucleation site. This proposed nucleation site, which we call a "beta-zipper," shows a pattern of well-conserved, large hydrophobic residues on two sequential beta-strands joined by a short loop. Each beta-zipper strand is near the center of one of the beta-sheets, so that the two strands face each other from opposite sides of the barrel and interact through their hydrophobic side chains, rather than forming a hydrogen-bonded beta-hairpin. Other protein families with Greek key beta-barrels that do not as strongly resemble the immunoglobulin fold--such as the azurins, plastocyanins, crystallins, and prealbumins--also contain the beta-zipper pattern, which might therefore be a universal feature of Greek key beta-barrel proteins.
Three acidic residues are at the active site of a β‐propeller architecture in glycoside hydrolase families 32, 43, 62, and 68 (2003)

Multiple-sequence alignment of glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 32, 43, 62, and 68 revealed three conserved blocks, each containing an acidic residue at an equivalent position in all the enzymes. A detailed analysis of the site-directed mutations so far performed on invertases (GH32), arabinanases (GH43), and bacterial fructosyltransferases (GH68) indicated a direct implication of the conserved residues Asp/Glu (block I), Asp (block II), and Glu (block III) in substrate binding and hydrolysis. These residues are close in space in the 5-bladed beta-propeller fold determined for Cellvibrio japonicus alpha-L-arabinanase Arb43A [Nurizzo et al., Nat Struct Biol 2002;9:665-668] and Bacillus subtilis endo-1,5-alpha-L-arabinanase. A sequence-structure compatibility search using 3D-PSSM, mGenTHREADER, INBGU, and SAM-T02 programs predicted indistinctly the 5-bladed beta-propeller fold of Arb43A and the 6-bladed beta-propeller fold of sialidase/neuraminidase (GH33, GH34, and GH83) as the most reliable topologies for GH families 32, 62, and 68. We conclude that the identified acidic residues are located at the active site of a beta-propeller architecture in GH32, GH43, GH62, and GH68, operating with a canonical reaction mechanism of either inversion (GH43 and likely GH62) or retention (GH32 and GH68) of the anomeric configuration. Also, we propose that the beta-propeller architecture accommodates distinct binding sites for the acceptor saccharide in glycosyl transfer reaction.
Molecular structure of acetylacetone. A crystallographic determination (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure of acetylacetone. A crystallographic determinationArthur Camerman, Donald Mastropaolo, and Norman CamermanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 6, 1584–1586Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00344a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00344a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views519Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Photobleaching recovery studies of antigen-specific mouse lymphocyte stimulation by DNP-conjugated polymerized flagellin. (1981)

We have used fluorescence photobleaching recovery (FPR) to study the lateral diffusion of antigen-receptor complexes during stimulation of DNP-specific mouse B cells by the T-independent antigens DNP-polymerized flagellin (DNP-POL). Depending on epitope density and dose, these antigens behave either as immunogens or tolerogens. Lymphocyte DNP receptors binding DNP0.5 flagellin monomer show a diffusion constant D of 2.2 X 10(-10) cm2 sec-1 and ca 50% fluorescence recovery after bleaching. For DNP-POL bound to DNP-specific lymphocytes, the observed diffusion constants decrease monotonically with increased antigen dose and epitope density. Under optimally immunogenic conditions of DNP2.3-POL at 1 micrograms/ml, D = 1.5 X 10(-11) cm2 sec-1, some 14-fold less than for a single DNP receptor. Under tolerogenic conditions lower diffusion constants approaching 0.8 X 10(-11) cm-2 sec1 are observed. The fraction of aggregates mobile on the time scale of the experiment remains constant at about 50 to 60% in all immunogenic situations, but falls abruptly to about 24 to 32% in precisely those situations where the antigen/dose combination is tolerogenic. This might support the hypotheses that there exist critical epitope densities above which antigens and receptors form rigidly cross-linked aggregates that bring about B cell tolerance. The mobility of DNP0.5 flagellin monomer bound to receptors left unoccupied after treatment with various doses and batches of DNP-POL is independent of DNP-POL presence. Receptor aggregate diffusion is unaffected by treatment with colchicine or cytochalasin B.
Structure−Property Relationships of Donor/Acceptor-Functionalized Tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzenes and Bis(dehydrobenzoannuleno)benzenes (2005)

A series of tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzenes and bis(dehydrobenzoannuleno)benzenes have been synthesized containing tetra-substitutions of neutral, donor, and mixed donor/acceptor groups. To ascertain the importance of substitutional and structural differences of the phenylacetylenes, the optical absorption and emission properties of each series were examined. Conjugation effectiveness, electron density, planarity, and geometry of charge-transfer pathways were found to have a pronounced effect on the overall optical and material properties. Considerable self-association behavior due to face-to-face stacking in solution was observed for donor/acceptor-functionalized macrocycles and was quantified by concentration-dependent (1)H NMR measurements. A solvent-dependent polymerization of one macrocycle regioisomer was observed and characterized. To provide further insight into the energy levels and electronic transitions present, computational studies of each system were performed.