gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS OF MUTANTS THAT SPECIFY KNOTTED LEAVES IN MAIZE (1985)

Of seven dominant knotted-leaf mutants tested, six mapped at or near Kn1 on the long arm of chromosome 1, and one was not linked to Kn1. Comparisons of phenotypes among these mutants allowed us to focus on a systematic abnormality: the parenchyma cells associated with lateral veins do not fully differentiate into bundle sheath, mesophyll or upper sclerenchyma. The more dramatic expression of Kn1 mutants-knots, ligule alterations and twisting-is sporadic and dependent on the time when the mutant acts in leaf primordium development. Using lw to mark leaf sectors that lose Kn1 following X-irradiation, we show that the knotted-leaf phenotype encoded by chromosome 1L is autonomous. Analysis of sectors lacking a particular Kn1 gene ( Kn1-N2) suggests that Kn1 itself, rather than a linked modifier gene, is autonomous in the leaf primordium. Aneuploid studies using various translocations involving 1L and marked by Adh1 allozymes are compared. The Kn1 mutant appears to encode a "new" function or a considerable overproduction of an extant product in the leaf. Kn1/- 1L hypoploids either express knotted poorly or not at all; transvection is ruled out, but the cause for this modification of Kn1 expression is not yet known.-Our working hypothesis is that Kn1 mutants permit the expression of a product that is usually not produced in leaf primordial cells. We suggest that this product interferes with the early cell-type commitments of cells near lateral veins. Thus, relatively uncommitted cells are present in more mature blades, where they may divide unexpectedly into knots or may induce bits of ligule.
Three New Cryptophycins fromNostocsp. GSV 224 (1997)

Cryptophycin 46 (2), -175 (3), and -176(4) have been identified as three new trace constituents of Nostoc sp. GSV 224. Cryptophycin-46 is an epimer of cryptophycin-3 (5) and to date is the only naturally occurring analogue having the S configuration at C-10 (C-2 in Unit B). Cryptophycins-175 and -176 also differ in unit B where 3 is the O-methyl analogue of cryptophycin-45 (6) and 4 is the O-desmethyl analogue of cryptophycin-21 (8). The relative and absolute stereochemistries of the three new analogues have been related to known cryptophycins by synthesis.
High-Content Image-Based Screening for Small-Molecule Chaperone Amplifiers in Heat Shock (2008)

Heat shock proteins represent the major elements of the cellular stress response that protects cells from diseases caused by protein misfolding. Small-molecule amplifiers of heat shock proteins have shown promising results in several animal models, demonstrating the potential importance of such compounds for therapeutics. The expression of many heat shock proteins is controlled by HSF1, which forms stress granules in the nucleus when transcriptionally activated. Activation of the cellular stress also correlates with the translocation of HSP70 into nucleoli. The authors have developed an image-based, multiparametric assay to simultaneously monitor the effects of compounds on HSF1/HSP70 stress granule formation in heat-shocked Hela cells. High-content screening of the compound library was performed with a Z' of 0.62, demonstrating a highly robust assay for large-scale screening. The resulting hits showed prolonged amplification of HSP70 induction in heat-stressed cells but no effects in cells without stress. Treatment of cells with selected hits exhibited significant cytoprotection from both oxygen glucose deprivation and rotenone-induced stresses. Thus, high-content screening of HSF1/HSP70 amplifiers provides a practical opportunity for clinical therapeutics targeting protein misfolding diseases.
Measuring tip shape for instrumented indentation using atomic force microscopy (2005)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the three-dimensional geometry of instrumented indentation probes. From the AFM image data, the cross-sectional area, A, was determined as a function of the distance, hc, from the tip apex for a number of indentation probes, including Berkovich pyramidal tips and several rounded conical tip geometries. Nonlinear behaviour of the vertical AFM scanner caused significant uncertainties in the A(hc) data above a given image size, limiting the range of hc for accurate calibration to approximately 1 µm. The A(hc) data averaged from multiple AFM images taken within this range were similar to the values determined from fused silica indentation. Deviations from the ideal tip shape were quantified by measuring the values of the tip radius and tip angle from the AFM images. Large deviations were observed for the rounded conical tips; for example, the values of the tip radius deviated from manufacturer values by 16% to 97%. In contrast, the Berkovich probes had tip angles within 4% of the ideal value (65.3°) and with only minimal tip rounding (tip radius <300 nm). This method is useful for characterizing indentation tips, particularly those with significant rounding, to larger contact depths than is possible using indentation of a reference material, which is important for probing compliant materials.
Wigner Transform Instantaneous Phase Estimator (1996)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Trieste, Italy, 1996
Adaptation of the WHO guideline for residual DNA in parenteral vaccines produced on continuous cell lines to a limit for oral vaccines. (2006)

Although there is a WHO guidance for a limit on residual DNA for parenterally administered vaccines produced on continuous cell lines, there is no corresponding guidance for oral vaccines. To help determine an oral limit, we performed a study of Vero cell DNA uptake in rats, in which the relative uptake and persistence of Vero cell DNA administered orally was compared to its uptake when delivered intramuscularly (IM). The results of this study allowed the generation of an empirically derived IM versus oral factor (10(6)) representing the relative inefficiency of DNA uptake by oral administration. This factor was then applied to the WHO recommended parenteral limit of 10 ng/dose to determine a corresponding upper limit on the level of residual Vero cell DNA for an oral vaccine of 10 mg. As a conservative approach, this empirically determined limit was reduced 100-fold to 100 microg. Thus, the results of this animal study, together with additional evidence in the literature, support a residual DNA safety limit of 100 microg per dose for an oral vaccine produced on a continuous cell line.
Selective autophagy mediated by autophagic adapter proteins (2011)

Mounting evidence suggests that autophagy is a more selective process than originally anticipated. The discovery and characterization of autophagic adapters, like p62 and NBR1, has provided mechanistic insight into this process. p62 and NBR1 are both selectively degraded by autophagy and able to act as cargo receptors for degradation of ubiquitinated substrates. A direct interaction between these autophagic adapters and the autophagosomal marker protein LC3, mediated by a so-called LIR (LC3-interacting region) motif, their inherent ability to polymerize or aggregate as well as their ability to specifically recognize substrates are required for efficient selective autophagy. These three required features of autophagic cargo receptors are evolutionarily conserved and also employed in the yeast cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway and in the degradation of P granules in C. elegans. Here, we review the mechanistic basis of selective autophagy in mammalian cells discussing the degradation of misfolded proteins, p62 bodies, aggresomes, mitochondria and invading bacteria. The emerging picture of selective autophagy affecting the regulation of cell signaling with consequences for oxidative stress responses, tumorigenesis and innate immunity is also addressed.
Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of a cDNA encoding a mouse glutathione S-transferase Yc subunit possessing high catalytic activity for aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide (1992)

Resistance to the carcinogenic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in the mouse is due to the constitutive expression of an Alpha-class glutathione S-transferase (GST), YcYc, with high detoxification activity towards AFB1-8,9-epoxide. A cDNA clone (pmusGST Yc) for a murine GST Yc polypeptide has been isolated. Sequencing has shown the cDNA insert of pmusGST Yc to be 922 bp in length, with an open reading frame of 663 bp that encodes a polypeptide of M(r) 25358. The primary structure of the murine GST Yc subunit predicted by pmusGST Yc is in complete agreement with the partial amino acid sequence of the aflatoxin-metabolizing mouse liver GST described previously [McLellan, Kerr, Cronshaw & Hayes (1991) Biochem. J. 276, 461-469]. A plasmid, termed pKK-musGST Yc, which permits the expression of the murine Yc subunit in Escherichia coli, has been constructed. The murine GST expressed in E. coli was purified and found to be catalytically active towards several GST substrates, including AFB1-8,9-epoxide. This enzyme was also found to possess electrophoretic and immunochemical properties closely similar to those of the GST Yc subunit from mouse liver. However, the GST synthesized in E. coli and the constitutive mouse liver Alpha-class GST exhibited small differences in their chromatographic behaviour during reverse-phase h.p.l.c. Automated Edman degradation revealed alanine to be the N-terminal amino acid in the GST Yc subunit expressed in E. coli, whereas the enzyme in mouse liver possesses a blocked N-terminus. Although sequencing showed that the purified Yc subunit from E. coli lacked the initiator methionine, the amino acid sequence obtained over the first eleven N-terminal residues agreed with that predicted from the cDNA clone, pmusGST Yc. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the mouse Yc polypeptide with the primary structures of the rat Alpha-class GST enzymes revealed that it is more closely related to the ethoxyquin-induced rat liver Yc2 subunit than to the constitutively expressed rat liver Yc1 subunit. The significance of the fact that both mouse Yc and rat Yc2 exhibit high catalytic activity towards AFB1-8,9-epoxide, whereas rat Yc1 possesses little activity towards this compound, is discussed in terms of structure/function.
Use of a DNA pooling strategy to identify a human obesity syndrome locus on chromosome 15 (1995)

Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder characterized by obesity, mental retardation, polydactyly, retinitis pigmentosa and hypogonadism. Patients with this disorder also have a high incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal and cardiovascular anomalies. Three independent loci causing Bardet-Biedl syndrome have previously been reported. In this study, we we utilized a DNA pooling approach using DNA samples from a highly inbred Bedouin kindred to identify a new Bardet-Biedl syndrome locus on chromosome 15. The results further demonstrate the genetic heterogeneity of this disorder. In addition, the results demonstrate the efficiency of the DNA pooling approach for identifying recessive disease loci in highly inbred human populations.
New faces and functions in a competitive market (1997)

With the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Order 888/889 mandating open access of the nation's transmission network, the US electric utility industry begins its most significant transformation. Once highly regulated and organized into vertically integrated entities, the industry today is being restructured into a competitive arena made up of veterans as well as new players from other industries. All participants are facilitating change through the establishment of new business processes and information flow and in the development of the functions that will support a deregulated marketplace. They must take advantage of the advances in technology in designing and implementing the new applications and the systems that need to go with them. This article analyzes the implications of this massive change from the perspective of the various participants and shows how their roles are affected by the changes.
Water-Soluble Constituents of Caraway: Carvone Derivatives and Their Glucosides. (2002)

Nine monoterpenoids related to carvone and seven glucosides were isolated from the water-soluble portion of the methanolic extract of the caraway (fruit of Carum carvi L.), and their structures were clarified by spectral investigation. Among them, eight monoterpenoids and six glucosides were new.
A Versatile Enantioselective Strategy Towardl-C-Nucleosides:  A Total Synthesis ofl-Showdomycin (1999)

Strategies for the synthesis of nucleosides that can provide either L or D isomers become more important as a result of the increasing number of such compounds that are therapeutically useful. The lower toxicity and reduced susceptibility toward metabolism of the L isomers make them particularly interesting. A strategy toward the C-nucleoside analogues has been explored in the context of the synthesis of L-showdomycin. The route involves an asymmetric desymmetrization using palladium catalysis of cis-2,5-diacyloxy-2,5-dihydrofurans available in one step from furan, with carbon nucleophiles. Nucleophilic synthons for a maleimide unit and a methoxycarbonyl unit have been designed. Two sequential palladium-catalyzed reactions introduce both substituents with excellent chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity. The presence of a double bond in this doubly alkylated compound at C-3 and C-4 allows easy structural variation. The use of an ester as a hydroxymethyl precursor also introduces a diversity element as well as having importance in its own right. The successful completion of a synthesis of L-showdomycin validates this approach as a viable strategy to C-nucleosides.
Fluorometric chemodosimetry. Mercury(II) and silver(I) indication in water via enhanced fluorescence signaling (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorometric chemodosimetry. Mercury(II) and silver(I) indication in water via enhanced fluorescence signalingMi Young Chae and Anthony W. CzarnikCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 24, 9704–9705Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00050a085https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00050a085research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1865Altmetric-Citations318LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Caspase-11 stimulates rapid flagellin-independent pyroptosis in response to Legionella pneumophila (2013)

A flagellin-independent caspase-1 activation pathway that does not require NAIP5 or NRLC4 is induced by the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila. Here we demonstrate that this pathway requires caspase-11. Treatment of macrophages with LPS up-regulated the host components required for this caspase-11 activation pathway. Activation by Legionella differed from caspase-11 activation using previously described agonists in that Legionella caspase-11 activation was rapid and required bacteria with a functional type IV secretion system called Dot/Icm. Legionella activation of caspase-11 induced pyroptosis by a mechanism independent of the NAIP/NLRC4 and caspase-1 axis. Legionella activation of caspase-11 stimulated activation of caspase-1 through NLRP3 and ASC. Induction of caspase-11-dependent responses occurred in macrophages deficient in the adapter proteins TRIF or MyD88 but not in macrophages deficient in both signaling factors. Although caspase-11 was produced in macrophages deficient in the type-I IFN receptor, there was a severe defect in caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in these cells. These data indicate that macrophages respond to microbial signatures to produce proteins that mediate a capsase-11 response and that the caspase-11 system provides an alternative pathway for rapid detection of an intracellular pathogen capable of evading the canonical caspase-1 activation system that responds to bacterial flagellin.
Design and Implementation of UAV Integrated Experiment System (2018)

Based on the analysis of structure of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)system,an overall structure of UAV integrated experimental system is established.Meanwhile,in accord with the typical working process of UAV integrated mission system,the command and control in the specific applications and data transmission process are analyzed.Finally,the design and implementation of key technologies such as UAV route planning,effective mission payload control and battlefield synthesis comprehensive situation generation and display are designed and implemented.The experimental system can not only carry out UAV route planning and practical operation of payload,but also validate the relevant algorithm on the basis of simulation environment and measured data.It has higher teaching training and research experiment value.
Structural and kinetic features of amyloid β-protein fibrillogenesis (1998)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an archetype of a class of diseases characterized by abnormal protein deposition. In each case, deposition manifests itself in the form of amyloid deposits composed of fibrils of otherwise normal, soluble proteins or peptides. An ever-increasing body of genetic, physiologic, and biochemical data supports the hypothesis that fibrillogenesis of the amyloid beta-protein is a seminal event in Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting A beta fibrillogenesis is thus an important strategy for AD therapy. However, before this strategy can be implemented, a mechanistic understanding of the fibrillogenesis process must be achieved and appropriate steps selected as therapeutic targets. Following a brief introduction to AD, I review here the current state of knowledge of A beta fibrillogenesis. Special emphasis is placed on the morphologic, structural, and kinetic aspects of this complex process.
Data on the putative role of p53 in breast cancer cell adhesion: Technical information for adhesion assay (2016)

In this data article, the potential role of p53 tumor suppressor gene (p53) on the attachment ability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was investigated. In our main article, "IGF-I/ EGF and E2 signaling crosstalk through IGF-IR conduit point affect breast cancer cell adhesion" (K. Voudouri, D. Nikitovic, A. Berdiaki, D. Kletsas, N.K. Karamanos, G.N. Tzanakakis, 2016) [1], we describe the key role of IGF-IR in breast cancer cell adhesion onto fibronectin (FN). p53 tumor suppressor gene is a principal regulator of cancer cell proliferation. Various data have demonstrated an association between p53 and IGF-IR actions on cell growth through its' putative regulation of IGF-IR expression. According to our performed experiments, p53 does not modify IGF-IR expression and does not affect basal MCF-7 cells adhesion onto FN. Moreover, technical details about the performance of adhesion assay onto the FN substrate were provided.
Anisotropic apertures for polarization-stable laterally oxidized vertical-cavity lasers (1998)

We disclose a method of eliminating the polarization instability in laterally oxidized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. By employing an appropriately shaped device aperture, we are able to make the lasers operate in a single polarization direction through their entire L–I curve.
Digital RNA sequencing minimizes sequence-dependent bias and amplification noise with optimized single-molecule barcodes (2012)

RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a powerful tool for transcriptome profiling, but is hampered by sequence-dependent bias and inaccuracy at low copy numbers intrinsic to exponential PCR amplification. We developed a simple strategy for mitigating these complications, allowing truly digital RNA-Seq. Following reverse transcription, a large set of barcode sequences is added in excess, and nearly every cDNA molecule is uniquely labeled by random attachment of barcode sequences to both ends. After PCR, we applied paired-end deep sequencing to read the two barcodes and cDNA sequences. Rather than counting the number of reads, RNA abundance is measured based on the number of unique barcode sequences observed for a given cDNA sequence. We optimized the barcodes to be unambiguously identifiable, even in the presence of multiple sequencing errors. This method allows counting with single-copy resolution despite sequence-dependent bias and PCR-amplification noise, and is analogous to digital PCR but amendable to quantifying a whole transcriptome. We demonstrated transcriptome profiling of Escherichia coli with more accurate and reproducible quantification than conventional RNA-Seq.
SIRENA - Service Infrastructure for Real-time Embedded Networked Devices: A service oriented framework for different domains (2006)

The SIRENA project started in 2003 to leverage Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) to seamlessly interconnect (embedded) devices inside and between four distinct domains - the industrial, telecommunication, automotive and home automation domain. A framework was developed to achieve this aim as well as assuring interoperability with existing devices and extensibility of network based on SIRENA technology. The core of the framework is the Devices Profile for Web Services (DPWS) which will play an important role in the upcoming Microsoft Windows. The first DPWS stack worldwide developed by the SIRENA consortium is described and its operation evidenced in several demonstrators. This paper presents the results of the SIRENA project, provides insights into used technologies and presents tools, components and services for advanced development, deployment and maintenance of devices.
Integration of SDL and VHDL for HW/SW codesign of communication systems (2002)

This paper integrates SDL and VHDL for HW/SW codesign of communication systems. An SDL-based process model graph is built first for the initial software structure, and then is partitioned for implementation into hardware and software. Processes shifted from software to hardware need to be translated from SDL (EFSM) specification to VHDL specification. Implementation dependent information for both software and hardware processes are obtained and incorporated into an SDL-based functional design, to form the performance model of the system with certain HW/SW partitioning. This means that the proposed methodology also provides mechanisms to translate VHDL behavior models into SDL processes. This paper also presents the partitioning algorithm and the detailed performance evaluation procedure of the proposed codesign methodology.