gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Case Study on the Dynamics of Trust in Dyadic Business Relationships (2007)

Trust has been widely studied in the context of business relationships and is viewed as one of the drives for relationship development. However, the majority of the studies in the past decades have treated trust as a static construct and ignored its dynamic nature. The research reported in this paper adopts an evolutionary perspective in understanding the dynamics of trust in dyadic business relationships. An in-depth case study was conducted on a sports sponsorship relation with the application of event-based narrative analysis. The findings show that along with the evolution of the relationship, the nature and extent of trust are continually being shaped and restructured by the actions and interactions within and between firms. Trust drives and is driven by the development of relationship in varying manners, depending on the changing circumstances of the relationship environment.
Human sialidase NEU4 long and short are extrinsic proteins bound to outer mitochondrial membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum, respectively (2009)

Sialidases are widely distributed glycohydrolytic enzymes removing sialic acid residues from glycoconjugates. In mammals, several sialidases with different subcellular localizations and biochemical features have been described. NEU4, the most recently identified member of the human sialidase family, is found in two forms, NEU4 long and NEU4 short, differing in the presence of a 12-amino-acid sequence at the N-terminus. Contradictory data are present in the literature about the subcellular distribution of these enzymes, their membrane anchoring mechanism being still unclear. In this work, we investigate the human NEU4 long and NEU4 short membrane anchoring mechanism and their subcellular localization. Protein extraction with Triton X-114 and sodium carbonate and cross-linking experiments demonstrate that both forms of NEU4 are extrinsic membrane proteins, anchored via protein-protein interactions. Moreover, through confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation, we show that the long form localizes in mitochondria, while the short form is also associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, mitochondria subfractionation experiments suggest that NEU4 long is bound to the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Ultralow Electrical Percolation in Graphene Aerogel/Epoxy Composites (2016)

Graphene aerogels (GAs) with a highly aligned, porous structure are prepared using a novel unidirectional freeze casting method, followed by thermal reduction. The unique graphene orientation in a preferred direction is achieved due to the large temperature gradient generated during freeze casting, in which graphene oxide (GO) sheets are expelled by the rapidly advancing ice front to assemble between the aligned ice crystals. The resulting unidirectional GAs (UGAs) possess ultralow densities, high porosities, and large surface areas, as well as excellent electrical conductivities. The solid UGA/epoxy composites fabricated by vacuum-assisted infiltration of liquid epoxy present an extremely low percolation threshold of 0.007 vol %, which is the lowest value for all graphene/polymer composites reported in the literature. Besides, the anisotropic structure of UGAs gives rise to significant anisotropic electrical conductivities of UGA/epoxy composites, a potentially useful attribute for many important applications. A new analytical model is formulated on the basis of the interparticle distance concept to explain the percolation behaviors of composites with aligned anisotropic nanofillers. The prediction agrees well with experimental data, and the model validates the importance of aspect ratio and orientation state of nanofillers in controlling the percolation threshold of composites.
Biosynthetic Pathways of Brassinolide in Arabidopsis (2000)

Our previous studies on the endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in Arabidopsis have provided suggestive evidence for the operation of the early C6-oxidation and the late C6-oxidation pathways, leading to brassinolide (BL) in Arabidopsis. However, to date the in vivo operation of these pathways has not been fully confirmed in this species. This paper describes metabolic studies using deuterium-labeled BRs in wild-type and BR-insensitive mutant (bri1) seedlings to establish the intermediates of the biosynthetic pathway of BL in Arabidopsis. The first evidence for the conversion of campestanol to 6-deoxocathasterone and the conversion of 6-deoxocathasterone to 6-deoxoteasterone is provided. The later biosynthetic steps (6-deoxoteasterone --> 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone --> 6-deoxotyphasterol --> 6-deoxocastasterone --> 6alpha-hydroxycastasterone --> castasterone --> BL) were demonstrated by stepwise metabolic experiments. Therefore, these studies complete the documentation of the late C6-oxidation pathway. The biosynthetic sequence involved in the early C6-oxidation pathway (teasterone --> 3-dehydroteasterone --> typhasterol --> castasterone --> BL) was also demonstrated. These results show that both the early and late C6-oxidation pathways are functional in Arabidopsis. In addition we report two new observations: the presence of a new branch in the pathway, C6 oxidation of 6-deoxotyphasterol to typhasterol, and increased metabolic flow in BR-insensitive mutants.
Long-pulse dye laser for photodynamic therapy: Investigations in vitro and in vivo (1999)

These results show the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ALA-PDT using a pulsed light source mediated by singlet oxygen.
Use of Micro-Sliced Homograft Cartilage Plates in Tympanoplasty (1985)

We described our experiences in the use of micro-sliced septal cartilage homografts in tympanoplasty. The cartilage plates (0.1-0.5 mm thick) previously prepared with our method by use of a dermatome were used for the three purposes 1) to reconstruct the attic wall defect, 2) to prevent the retraction of the grafted fascia in myringoplasty, and 3) to prevent the displacement of the columella and the retraction of the grafted fascia in columella-type tympanoplasty. There have been no postoperative infections or extrusions in our 142 cases. These cartilage plates are considered to be very convenient in tympanoplasty.
The Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Almorexant Induces Sleep and Decreases Orexin-Induced Locomotion by Blocking Orexin 2 Receptors (2012)

In vivo, almorexant specifically inhibits the actions of orexin A. The two known orexin receptors mediate sleep induction by almorexant and orexin A-induced locomotion. However, OX(2)R activation mediates locomotion induction by orexin A and antagonism of OX(2)R is sufficient to promote sleep in mice.
Three-Dimensional X-Ray Microtomography (1987)

The new technique of x-ray microtomography nondestructively generates three-dimensional maps of the x-ray attenuation coefficient inside small samples with approximately 1 percent accuracy and with resolution approaching 1 micrometer. Spatially resolved elemental maps can be produced with synchrotron x-ray sources by scanning samples at energies just above and below characteristic atomic absorption edges. The system consists of a high-resolution imaging x-ray detector and high-speed algorithms for tomographic image reconstruction. The design and operation of the microtomography device are described, and tomographic images that illustrate its performance with both synchrotron and laboratory x-ray sources are presented.
Review. Solvothermal Synthesis of Multifunctional Coordination Polymers (2010)

This review focuses primarily on the past 10 years of our development of multifunctional coordination polymers with 1D, 2D and 3D structures employing low-temperature and cost-effective hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. The effects of the experimental conditions and parameters on the crystal formation and phase separation, including temperature and pressure, reaction pH, solvent and composition, are discussed. Our studies have shown that a variety of different types of network structures may be rationally designed and synthesized by deliberate selection and construction of metal building blocks and organic ligands, which lead to numerous interesting properties and multifunctionality that are promising for applications in gas storage and separation, catalysis and optical sensing
Electronically conducting polymers and activated carbon: Electrode materials in supercapacitor technology (1996)

Supercapacitors are now attracting much attention as battery‐complementary devices for applications requiring high operating power levels, such as in electric vehicle technology. Two types of supercapacitors with different modes of energy storage are currently under study: the double‐layer, and the redox. Electronically conducting polymers represent an interesting class of electro‐active materials for redox supercapacitors and can be applied in different configurations. Performance data for new and conventional devices are presented and compared to those of a double‐layer capacitor with activated carbon electrodes.
RNA recognition by human TLR8 can lead to autoimmune inflammation (2013)

Studies on the role of the RNA receptor TLR8 in inflammation have been limited by its different function in human versus rodents. We have generated multiple lines of transgenic mice expressing different levels of human TLR8. The high copy number chimeras were unable to pass germline; developed severe inflammation targeting the pancreas, salivary glands, and joints; and the severity of the specific phenotypes closely correlated with the huTLR8 expression levels. Mice with relatively low expression levels survived and bred successfully but had increased susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis, and the levels of huTLR8 correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in the joints of the animals. At the cellular level, huTLR8 signaling exerted a DC-intrinsic effect leading to up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules and subsequent T cell activation. A pathogenic role for TLR8 in human diseases was suggested by its increased expression in patients with systemic arthritis and the correlation of TLR8 expression with the elevation of IL-1β levels and disease status. We found that the consequence of self-recognition via TLR8 results in a constellation of diseases, strikingly distinct from those related to TLR7 signaling, and points to specific inflammatory diseases that may benefit from inhibition of TLR8 in humans.
Establishment and characterization of a human prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC-3). (1979)

The establishment, characterization, and tumorigenicity of a new epithelial cell line (PC-3) from a human prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone is reported. The cultured cells show anchorage-independent growth in both monolayers and in soft agar suspension and produce subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Culture of the transplanted tumor yielded a human cell line with characteristics identical to those used initially to produce the tumor. PC-3 has a greatly reduced dependence upon serum for growth when compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells and does not respond to androgens, glucocorticoids, or epidermal or fibroblast gowth factors. Karyotypic analysis by quinacrine banding revealed the cells to be completely aneuploid with a modal chromosome number in the hypotriploid range. At least 10 distinctive marker chromosomes were identified. The overall karyotype as well as the marker chromosomes are distinct from those of the HeLa cell. Electron microscopic studies revealed many features common to neoplastic cells of epithelial origin including numerous microvilli, junctional complexes, abnormal nuclei and nucleoli, abnormal mitochondria, annulate lamellae, and lipoidal bodies. Overall, the functional and morphologic characteristics of PC-3 are those of a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. These cells should be useful in investigating the biochemical changes in advanced prostatic cancer cells and in assessing their response to chemotherapeutic agents.
Effects of oxamate, an inhibitor of lactate dahydrogenase, upon the spontaneous or oxytocin-induced motility and over pyruvate levels of uterine horns isolated from ovariectomized or estrus rats. (1977)

The stability with time of the spontaneous as well as the oxytocin-triggered functional activity of uterine borns isolated from induced estrus rats and immersed in a medium with lactate as the substrate was not affected by the presence of oxomate (an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase) at 10 or 20mM. On the contrary, the oxytocin-driven and the spontaneous motility of preparations obtained from 15 days castrated rats diminished significantly following in addition of the enzyme inhibitor. Furthermore, uterine borns from ovariectomized animals injected with 17-beta estradiol, regain the lack of functional sensivity towards oxamate. In addition, determinations of pyruvate levels in homogenates of uterine tissue, previously suspended in lactate medium (as in the functional experiments), demonstrate to be significantly reduced, following oxamate. Several possible reasons, attempting to explain these findings, are discussed.
La consideración de las agresiones al personal sanitario como delito de atentado. Criterios jurisprudenciales (2008)

En este articulo el autor estudia los distintos criterios que la jurisprudencia mantiene sobre la calificacion penal que debe darse a las agresiones que sufre el personal sanitario, si de simples faltas contra las personas, o por el contrario podrian tener la consideracion de delito de atentado, tipificado en el articulo 550 del Codigo Penal. Para ello, se analizan los pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales sobre aspectos tales como el bien juridico protegido en este tipo de agresiones, la condicion de funcionario del personal sanitario y el caracter de funcion publica de la actividad sanitaria.
Impedance-based detection of DNA sequences using a silicon transducer with PNA as the probe layer (2004)

Electrochemical impedance measurements were used for the detection of single-strand DNA sequences using a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe layer immobilized onto Si/SiO2 chips. An epoxysilane layer is first immobilized onto the Si/SiO2 surface. The immobilization procedure consists of an epoxide/amine coupling reaction between the amino group of the PNA linker and the epoxide group of the silane. A 20-nucleotide sequence of PNA was used. Impedance measurements allow for the detection of the changes in charge distribution at the oxide/solution interface following modifications to the oxide surface. Due to these modifications, there are significant shifts in the semiconductor's flat-band potential after immobilization and hybridization. The results obtained using this direct and rapid approach are supported by fluorescence measurements according to classical methods for the detection of nucleic acid sequences.
Cell-Mediated Immune Responses after Immunization of Healthy Seronegative Children with Varicella Vaccine: Kinetics and Specificity (1990)

Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were determined in seronegative children immunized with live attenuated Oka strain varicella vaccine. At 2 weeks after immunization, 80% of children had detectable lymphocyte proliferation to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antigens, while only 40% had antibodies to VZV as detected by ELISA. By 6 weeks after immunization, 97% of children seroconverted, and 95% of these responded to VZV antigens in the proliferation assay. A high proportion of immunized children also responded in the proliferation assay to purified glycoproteins I, II, and III of VZV. These results indicate that most children develop a broad cell-mediated immune response to VZV antigens within weeks after immunization with varicella vaccine.
Bendamustine Plus Rituximab Versus CHOP Plus Rituximab in the First-Line Treatment of Patients with Indolent and Mantle Cell Lymphomas - First Interim Results of a Randomized Phase III Study of the StiL (Study Group Indolent Lymphomas, Germany). (2007)

Abstract Background: Promising results have been observed in our previous phase-II study evaluating the combination of Bendamustine plus Rituximab (B-R) in patients with relapsed/refractory indolent or mantle cell lymphomas. An overall response rate (ORR) of 90%, including a 60% rate of complete remissions (CR) was documented. Objective: In October 2003 we initiated a multicenter randomized phase-III study to compare efficacy and safety of the combination B-R versus CHOP plus Rituximab (CHOP-R) as first-line therapy for follicular, indolent and mantle cell lymphomas. Methods: Patients (pts) were randomized to receive Rituximab 375 mg/qm (day 1) plus either Bendamustine 90 mg/qm (days 1+2) every 28 days or the standard CHOP regimen every 21 days for a maximum of 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). A sample size of 474 pts were calculated to power the study sufficiently to demonstrate a non-inferior EFS associated with B-R treatment, as defined by a difference in EFS between the two regimes of less than 10% after 3 years. An event was defined by a response less than a partial response, disease progression, relapse, or death from any cause. Results: So far 439 patients have been randomized. 273 patients are evaluable for response for this first interim analysis (B-R: n=139; CHOP-R: n=134). Median patient age is 63 years. Histologies are equally distributed between arms: follicular 52%, mantle cell 20%, and other indolent lymphomas 28% in both treatment groups, each. The ORR for pts treated with B-R was similar to that associated with CHOP-R (94% vs 93%, respectively). CR was also similar at 51% for B-R compared to 40% for CHOP-R. The median observation time for both groups is 17 months. Thus far, 15 deaths have been observed (B-R: 7; CHOP-R: 8). Progressive or relapsed disease has been documented during the follow-up period: 27 in pts treated with B-R and 32 in the CHOP-R group. The B-R regimen appears to have a better toxicity profile, as evidenced by a lower rate of total alopecia (40% CHOP-R vs. 0% with B-R) and a lower number of infectious complications (41 in CHOP-R pts vs. 19 in the B-R group). Correlating, the CHOP-R regimen was more hematotoxic: WHO grade 3/4 leukocytopenia was reported in 41% CHOP-R treated pts compared with 12% in pts treated with B-R. Conclusions: In this first interim analysis the combination of Bendamustine plus Rituximab appears to be non-inferior to the standard CHOP-R while showing a better tolerability profile. The study will be closed in December 2007 according to the planned patient recruitement schedule. Updated results will be presented at this time.
Synthesis of quaternary salts of ammonia from cinnamic acids and their plant growth retardant activity (2007)

Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India<br> <em>Manuscript received 21 December 2005, accepted 19 April 2007</em> A series of <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethyl-<em>N</em>-benzyl ammonium chloride cinnamides (la-e) were prepared from the reaction between cinnamyl chlorides (4a-e) and <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethylphenylmethanamines (6a-e). These salts were tested for their biological activity on germination, seedling growth and adventitious root formation on hypocotyl cuttings of <em>Vigina radiata</em> (SML- 668) and Were found to be markedly inhibit germination and seedling growth of mungbean seeds under laboratory conditions.
Gene therapy of cancer: induction of anti-tumor immunity. (2004)

Many malignancies lack satisfactory treatment and new therapeutic options are urgently needed. Gene therapy is a new modality to treat both inherited and acquired diseases based on the transfer of genetic material to the tissues. Different gene therapy strategies against cancers have been developed. A considerable number of preclinical studies indicate that a great variety of cancers are amenable to gene therapy. Among these strategies, induction of anti-tumor immunity is the most promising approach. Gene therapy with cytokines has reached unprecedented success in preclinical models of cancer. Synergistic rather than additive effects have been demonstrated by combination of gene transfer of cytokines/chemokines, costimulatory molecules or adoptive cell therapy. Recent progress in vector technology and in imaging techniques allowing in vivo assessment of gene expression will facilitate the development of clinical applications of gene therapy, a procedure which may have a notorious impact in the management of cancers lacking effective treatment.
Ricin subunit association. Thermodynamics and the role of the disulfide bond in toxicity. (1986)

The values of the thermodynamic parameters characterizing the association of the subunits of reduced ricin have been determined from equilibrium studies in the analytical ultracentrifuge. van't Hoff analysis indicates that the Gibbs free energy change for subunit association is predominantly of entropic origin. The positive values for the entropy and enthalpy changes suggest that hydrophobic forces may play a dominant role in the association. The association is characterized by values of Ka of 1.72 X 10(6) M-1 at 22 degrees C and 5.66 X 10(6) M-1 at 37 degrees C. The association was not affected by the presence of 20 mM lactose. Toxicity studies demonstrated that reduced ricin at a concentration where it was 52% associated had a toxicity equal to that of native ricin at that same concentration. At higher concentrations, reduced ricin was even more toxic than native ricin. Diethyl maleate, which reduces intracellular glutathione levels, blocked the toxicity of ricin but not the toxicity of reduced ricin. The disulfide bond linking the A and B subunits appears to play no role in toxicity other than to hold the two subunits together at low concentrations.
New Polymer Colloidal and Carbon Nanospheres: Stabilizing Ultrasmall Metal Nanoparticles for Solvent-Free Catalysis (2017)

Herein, we report the synthesis of new colloidal polydiaminopyridine (PDAP) nanospheres with uniform particle size tuned from 76 to 331 nm. The polymer colloidal nanospheres and thin films assembled by the nanospheres exhibit amphiphilic or superhydrophilic properties, originated from the different polymer surfactants. In addition, the polymer nanospheres can be easily carbonized into microporous carbon nanospheres with high N content up to 24 wt %, thus enabling a preferred basicity for CO2 adsorption. As-synthesized PDAP show good compatibility that can not only encapsulate typical nanoparticles to form core–shell composite nanospheres but also stabilize noble metal ions to obtain ultrasmall metal nanoparticles (e.g., Pd and Au) during the thermal reduction process by the nitrogen sites from sphere frameworks. The nanocomplex Pd/PDAP-500 shows exceptional activity and high selectivity in the solvent-free oxidation of alcohols with O2.
Phenotypes of c-Myc-deficient rat fibroblasts isolated by targeted homologous recombination. (1997)

Rat fibroblast cell lines with targeted disruptions of both c-myc gene copies were constructed. Although c-myc null cells are viable, their growth is significantly impaired. The absence of detectable N-myc or L-myc expression indicates that Myc function is not absolutely essential for cell viability. The c-myc null phenotype is stable and can be reverted by introduction of a c-myc transgene. Exponentially growing c-myc null cells have the same cell size, rRNA, and total protein content as their c-myc +/+ parents, but the rates of RNA and protein accumulation as well as protein degradation are reduced. Both the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle are significantly lengthened, whereas the duration of S phase is unaffected. This is the first direct demonstration of a requirement for c-myc in G2. The G0-->S transition is synchronous, but S-phase entry is significantly delayed. The c-myc null cell lines reported here are a new experimental system in which to investigate the importance of putative c-Myc target genes and to identify novel downstream genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis.