gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potent neutralization of 2019 novel coronavirus by recombinant ACE2-Ig (2020)

Abstract 2019-nCoV, which is a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, has caused at least infected 11,844 as of Feb 1, 2020. However, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine currently. Very recently report had suggested that novel CoV would use the same cell entry receptor, ACE2, as the SARS-CoV. In this report, we generated a novel recombinant protein by connecting the extracellular domain of human ACE2 to the Fc region of the human immunoglobulin IgG1. An ACE2 mutant with low catalytic activity was also used in the study. The fusion proteins were then characterized. Both fusion proteins has high affinity binding to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV and exerted desired pharmacological properties. Moreover, fusion proteins potently neutralized SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV in vitro. As these fusion proteins exhibit cross-reactivity against coronaviruses, they could have potential applications for diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of 2019-nCoV.
Web based platform for management of heterogeneous medical data (2008)

The paper presents a web based platform for management of medical cases, support for healthcare specialists in taking the best clinical decision. Research has been oriented mostly on multimedia data management, classification algorithms for querying, retrieving and processing different medical data types (text and images). The medical case studies can be accessed by healthcare specialist and by students as anonymous case studies providing trust and confidentiality in Internet virtual environment. The MIDAS platform develops an intelligent framework to manage sets of medical data (text, static or dynamic images), in order to optimize the diagnosis and decision process, which will reduce medical errors and will increase the quality of medical act. MIDAS is an integrated project working on medical information retrieval from heterogeneous, distributed medical multimedia database.
pqqA is not required for biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 (1998)

Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 is a facultative methylotroph that oxidizes methanol via the pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-linked enzyme methanol dehydrogenase. In M. extorquens AM1 and other PQQ-synthesizing bacteria, several genes are involved in the synthesis of PQQ and one of these, pqqA, has been proposed to encode a peptide precursor of PQQ. In other PQQ-synthesizing bacteria, pqqA is required for PQQ production. In this study, it is shown that both deletion and insertion mutants of pqqA in M. extorquens AM1 grow normally on methanol and produce PQQ. The level of PQQ production is reduced in the insertion mutant, but it is sufficient to allow normal growth on methanol. These results suggest either that a different peptide in M. extorquens AM1 can substitute for PqqA in pqqA mutants, or that PqqA-like peptides may not be obligatory precursors of PQQ. In addition, it is shown that the methanol oxidation transcriptional regulator gene, mxbM, is required for normal methanol induction of PQQ synthesis.
Redesign and Genetic Dissection of The Rhabdoviruses (1999)

This chapter focuses on the redesign and genetic dissection of the rhabdoviruses. Since the time of the initial reports describing the recovery of recombinant rhabdoviruses from plasmid DNA, applications have been made in analysis of viral assembly, in novel targeting of recombinant viruses to combat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in vaccine and vaccine vector development, and in the permanent attenuation of wild-type viruses through deletion and gene rearrangement. Full understanding of the mechanisms that control viral transcription, replication, and virulence can now be facilitated by genetic analysis. In the 21st century, the ability to reengineer rhabdoviruses and other nonsegmented negative-strand (NNS) RNA viruses will give the much needed tools in the fight against nature's most notorious pathogens. Prior to the recovery of complete, infectious, negative-strand RNA viruses from DNA, several laboratories developed systems that allowed replication of small, defective, negative-strand RNA genomes or RNA minigenomes derived from DNA copies. These systems either used wild-type viruses to supply the nucleocapsid and polymerase proteins or generated expression of these proteins from plasmids with T7 promoters after the infection of cells with vaccinia virus encoding bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. Several laboratories had attempted to recover complete, infectious NNS viruses with the use of these or similar systems, but none was successful starting with the negative-strand genome RNA.
Demographic Factors That Influence the Neutralizing Antibody Response in Recipients of Recombinant HIV‐1 gp120 Vaccines (2004)

We compared neutralizing antibody responses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 gp120 vaccine recipients by age, sex, and race. Four phase 1 or 2 trials involving 505 vaccinated subjects were analyzed. Age and sex had no detectable effect on neutralizing antibody responses. However, race influenced the response to one vaccine, MN gp120, in alum. Four inoculations with this vaccine generated higher serum titers of neutralizing antibodies in African Americans than in whites. Despite potent neutralization of T cell line-adapted HIV-1, serum from these African Americans failed to neutralize primary HIV-1 isolates. Neutralizing antibody responses did not differ between races when SF2 gp120 in MF-59 was administered either alone or with recombinant canarypox vCP205; they also did not differ when vCP1452 was administered either alone or with AIDSVAX B/B in alum. These data indicate that race may affect the neutralizing antibody response to some gp120 immunogens. To fully evaluate immunogenicity, clinical trials of candidate vaccines should enroll diverse populations of subjects.
Antioxidant therapy for male subfertility: myth or evidence-based? (2015)

The authors review the literature investigating the role of common dietary supplements that are being marketed as a remedy for male subfertility. They assess the evidence base supporting their use and their potential role in improving semen parameters alongside overall conception and live-birth rates.
<title>Multiple-model filtering</title> (1998)

This paper investigates the existence and design of optimal, multiple model filters for target tracking using different local models. Two models are used: a constant velocity and a constant acceleration model. Sufficient conditions are derived that guarantee the existence of optimal multiple model filters. The problem is then solved for the case where the switching gains are diagonal matrices. The performance of the derived multiple model filter is evaluated using a simulated target trajectory.
Low-phase-noise LC quadrature VCO using coupled tank resonators in a ring structure (2001)

The concept of coupled resonators is employed in a ring VCO structure to reduce the phase noise. This architecture allows the design of low-phase-noise voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) using integrated low-Q inductors. Quadrature differential outputs are also realized in this design. Two monolithic LC tanks are coupled together to implement a transimpedance resonator with an effective Q close to twice that of a single tank. In addition, the coupled tank's transimpedance resonator provides 90/spl deg/ phase shift. Four such stages are cascaded in a ring structure to provide I-Q differential outputs, and to further reduce the phase noise. A prototype of the VCO is built in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The measured phase noise is -122 dBc/Hz at 600-kHz offset from 1.93 GHz. The VCO draws 9.2 mA from a 3-V supply, and occupies a chip area of 1.1/spl times/1.1 mm/sup 2/.
Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Efficacy Trial of a Bivalent Recombinant Glycoprotein 120 HIV‐1 Vaccine among Injection Drug Users in Bangkok, Thailand (2006)

Despite the successful completion of this efficacy trial, the vaccine did not prevent HIV-1 infection or delay HIV-1 disease progression.
Overexpression of Eotaxin and the CCR3 Receptor in Human Atherosclerosis (2000)

Eotaxin and its receptor, CCR3, are overexpressed in human atherosclerosis, suggesting that eotaxin participates in vascular inflammation. These data demonstrate how genomic differential expression technology can identify novel genes that may participate in the stability of atherosclerotic lesions.
Gene expression profiling reveals intrinsic differences between T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (2005)

Despite significant similarities between the malignant T-cell precursors, clear differences in the gene expression profiles were observed between T-ALL and T-LL implying underlying differences in the biology of the two entities.
Structural genomics and drug discovery (2007)

Structure determination has already proven useful for lead optimization and direct drug design. The number of high-resolution structures available in public databases today exceeds 30,000 and will definitely aid in structure-based drug design. Structural genomics approaches covering whole genomes, topologically similar proteins or gene families are great assets for further progress in the development of new drugs. However, membrane proteins representing 70% of current drug targets are poorly characterized structurally. The problems have been related to difficulties in obtaining large amount of recombinant membrane proteins as well as their purification and structure determination. Structural genomics has proven successful in developing new methods in areas from expression to structure determination by studying a large number of target proteins in parallel.
Recombinant Sendai virus vectors deleted in both the matrix and the fusion genes: efficient gene transfer with preferable properties (2004)

SeV/DeltaMDeltaF is an advanced type of cytoplasmic RNA vector, which retains efficient gene transfer, gains non-transmissible properties and loses particle formation with less cytopathic effect.
Indeterminate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Western Blots: Seroconversion Risk, Specificity of Supplemental Tests, and an Algorithm for Evaluation (1991)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Western blot is indeterminate in 10%-20% of sera reactive by EIA. Eighty-nine individuals with prior repeatedly reactive EIA and indeterminate Western blots were followed prospectively to study the risk of seroconversion and specificity of supplemental tests. Four high-risk cases seroconverted within 10 months after enrollment (seroconversion risk, 4.5%, 95% confidence interval, 1.2%-11.1%). Among cases with p24 bands initially, 4 (18.2%) of 22 high-risk individuals seroconverted compared with 0 of 33 low-risk cases (P = .03). Specificities of HIV-1 culture, serum p24 antigen, polymerase chain reaction, and recombinant ENV 9 EIA were 100%, 100%, 98.6%, and 94.4%, respectively. An expedited evaluation protocol is proposed. Low-risk individuals with nonreactive EIAs upon repeat testing do not need further follow-up; high-risk individuals should be followed serologically for at least 6 months, especially those with p24 bands on Western blot.
Rhodacyanine Derivative Selectively Targets Cancer Cells and Overcomes Tamoxifen Resistance (2012)

MKT-077, a rhodacyanine dye, was shown to produce cancer specific cell death. However, complications prevented the use of this compound beyond clinical trials. Here we describe YM-1, a derivative of MKT-077. We found that YM-1 was more cytotoxic and localized differently than MKT-077. YM-1 demonstrated this cytotoxicity across multiple cancer cell lines. This toxicity was limited to cancer cell lines; immortalized cell models were unaffected. Brief applications of YM-1 were found to be non-toxic. Brief treatment with YM-1 restored tamoxifen sensitivity to a refractory tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 cell model. This effect is potentially due to altered estrogen receptor alpha phosphorylation, an outcome precipitated by selective reductions in Akt levels (Akt/PKB). Thus, modifications to the rhodocyanine scaffold could potentially be made to improve efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties. Moreover, the impact on tamoxifen sensitivity could be a new utility for this compound family.
Discovery and validation of new molecular targets for ovarian cancer. (2003)

The occult progression of tumors within the peritoneal cavity results in the late diagnosis and high mortality rate of ovarian cancer. An improved understanding of the molecular biology of ovarian cancer has led to the discovery of novel molecules as targets for the treatment of ovarian cancer. This review highlights the latest advance of mucins, which are upregulated in cancer cells and interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor family to regulate cell behavior via signaling pathways associated with malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis. Disruption of these molecules might represent a novel therapeutic approach in treating ovarian cancer. We also describe the recent development and validation of the most studied mucins (MUC1 and MUC16), ErbB-2 (Her2/neu) and folate binding protein as target-based immunotherapy of ovarian cancer.
Synthesis, Anti-HIV Activity and Stability Studies of 3′-Azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine-5′-fluorophosphate (1999)

The synthesis, in vitro anti-HIV activity, and stability studies of AZT 5'-fluorophosphate (F-AZTMP) are reported. The present results demonstrate that such compound is a bioprecursor of its parent 5'-mononucleotide (AZTMP) but its biotransformation does not allow its selective intracellular delivery. Moreover, several attempts were carried out in order to improve the biological activity of this compound by the use of a SATE prodrug strategy.
Proteomic research in psychiatry (2010)

Psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and mood disorders are severe and disabling conditions of largely unknown origin and poorly understood pathophysiology. An accurate diagnosis and treatment of these disorders is often complicated by their aetiological and clinical heterogeneity. In recent years proteomic technologies based on mass spectrometry have been increasingly used, especially in the search for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders. Proteomics enable an automated high-throughput protein determination revealing expression levels, post-translational modifications and complex protein-interaction networks. In contrast to other methods such as molecular genetics, proteomics provide the opportunity to determine modifications at the protein level thereby possibly being more closely related to pathophysiological processes underlying the clinical phenomenology of specific psychiatric conditions. In this article we review the theoretical background of proteomics and its most commonly utilized techniques. Furthermore the current impact of proteomic research on diverse psychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, drug abuse and autism, is discussed. Proteomic methods are expected to gain crucial significance in psychiatric research and neuropharmacology over the coming decade.
On-chip spiral inductors with patterned ground shields for Si-based RF ICs (1998)

This paper presents a patterned ground shield inserted between an on-chip spiral inductor and silicon substrate. The patterned ground shield can be realized in standard silicon technologies without additional processing steps. The impacts of shield resistance and pattern on inductance, parasitic resistances and capacitances, and quality factor are studied extensively. Experimental results show that a polysilicon patterned ground shield achieves the most improvement. At 1-2 GHz, the addition of the shield increases the inductor quality factor up to 33% and reduces the substrate coupling between two adjacent inductors by as much as 25 dB. We also demonstrate that the quality factor of a 2-GHz LC tank can be nearly doubled with a shielded inductor.
The Tomato Dwarf Gene Isolated by Heterologous Transposon Tagging Encodes the First Member of a New Cytochrome P450 Family (1996)

Gerard J. Bishop, Kate Harrison, Jonathan D. G. Jones, The Tomato Dwarf Gene Isolated by Heterologous Transposon Tagging Encodes the First Member of a New Cytochrome P450 Family, The Plant Cell, Vol. 8, No. 6 (Jun., 1996), pp. 959-969
Impact of cytokines on the pathomechanism of diabetic and alcoholic neuropathies. (2007)

Diabetic and alcoholic neuropathies are heterogeneous groups with variable lesions of axons or myelin. Their pathogenesis is complex and involves multiple pathways. To elucidate the impact of immunological factors in development of these neuropathies the expression of some cytokines in serum was studied: tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO-alpha; CXCL1). 29 patients with type 2 diabetes, 31 with chronic alcohol abuse and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The type of neuropathy (involvement of axon or myelin) was evaluated by electrophysiological methods (EMG and nerve conduction velocity). The cytokine level was determined by ELISA method. For statistical comparison the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used. The evaluated material was divided according to clinical duration of neuropathy and electrophysiological pattern. Expression of TNF-alpha in both types of neuropathy does not differ from the control material. Expression of MCP-1 was higher, but insignificantly, in patients with alcoholic neuropathy. The same concerns the demyelinating form versus axonal diabetic neuropathy. Serum level of GRO-alpha; was significantly higher in patients with alcoholic neuropathy and in cases with demyelinating form of diabetic neuropathy than in control subjects. GRO-alpha; is a potent neutrophil chemoattractant playing an important role in various primary and secondary inflammatory processes. The results suggest that GRO-alpha; may contribute to the mechanism of alcoholic neuropathy and in demyelinating form of diabetic neuropathy.
Excitation transfer from azo dye to nematic host during photoisomerization (1997)

Dynamic holography and polarimetric techniques are used to study the photoisomerization kinetics of D2 bisazo dye and the excitation transfer from dye to nematic liquid crystal host. As a result of this transfer, transient modulation of the orientational order parameter, three-dimensional long-scale molecular transient rotation and equilibrated two-dimensional molecular rotations are identified in the host. Amplified rotation of nematic molecules is observed which is much more efficient for the dye photoexcitation with a wavelength in the red rather than in the blue side of its absorption band. The possible role of dye photoisomerization mechanism in these processes is discussed. The dynamic character of the dye induced torque and the presence of long-living intermediate states during photoisomerization and their diffusion are suggested.
Evidence for redox forms of the Aequorea green fluorescent protein (1994)

Highly purified recombinant Aequorea green fluorescent protein is able to undergo a reversible oxidation-reduction reaction in the presence of molecular oxygen. In the oxidized form in near UV light, the protein is highly fluorescent, but when reduced with sodium dithionite, it becomes completely non-fluorescent. On exposure to molecular oxygen the reduced, non-fluorescent protein reverts to its original fluorescent state.
Signal transduction in lymphocytic and myeloid cells via CD24, a new member of phosphoinositol-anchored membrane molecules. (1990)

Abstract The CD24 Ag is present on human B cells from the earliest stages of B lineage development and is lost on terminal B cell maturation to plasma cells. This Ag is also expressed on mature forms of granulocytes. We studied the effects of CD24 mAb on the function of both lymphocytic and myeloid cell types. We found a clear-cut increase in free cytoplasmic calcium when tonsil B cells or mononuclear cells from B cell chronic lymphatic leukemia patients were preincubated with CD24 mAb and further stimulated with goat F(ab')2 anti-mouse Ig antibodies. The same experimental setting with granulocytes instead of B lymphocytes led to the triggering of hydrogen peroxide production in these cells. CD24 Ag is expressed at higher levels on activated granulocytes and is anchored to the plasma membrane by a phosphoinositol linkage. In conclusion we provide evidence that the CD24 Ag are functional molecules in cells of different lineage, playing a signal transducing role in cell function.
Marked Decline in Serum Concentrations of Adrenal C19 Sex Steroid Precursors and Conjugated Androgen Metabolites During Aging (1997)

The present data show a dramatic decline in the circulating levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S), androst-5-ene-3 beta,17 beta-diol (5-diol), 5-diol-sulfate, 5-diol-fatty acid esters, and androstenedione in both men and women between the ages of 20-80 yr. In the 50- to 60-yr-old group, serum DHEA decreased by 74% and 70% from its peak values in 20- to 30-yr-old men and women, respectively. the serum concentrations of the conjugated metabolites of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), namely androsterone (ADT)-G, androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol-G), androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol (3 beta-diol-G), and ADT-sulfate are the most reliable parameters of the total androgen pool in both men and women, whereas serum testosterone and DHT can be used as markers of testicular secretion in men and interstitial ovarian secretion in women. The serum concentration of these various conjugated androgen metabolites decreased by 40.8% to 72.8% between the 20- to 30-yr-old and 70- to 80-yr-old age groups in men and women, respectively, thus suggesting a parallel decrease in the total androgen pool with age. As estimated by measurement of the circulating levels of these conjugated metabolites of DHT, it is noteworthy that women produce approximately 66% of the total androgens found in men. In women, most of these androgens originate from the transformation of DHEA and DHEA-S into testosterone and DHT in peripheral intracrine tissues, whereas in men the testes and DHEA and DHEA-S provide approximately equal amounts of androgens at the age of 50-60 yr. An additional potentially highly significant observation is that the majority of the marked decline in circulating adrenal C19 steroids and their resulting androgen metabolites takes place between the age groups of 20- to 30-yr olds and 50- to 60-yr-olds, with smaller changes are observed after the age of 60 yr.
Ion channel activity of influenza A virus M2 protein: characterization of the amantadine block (1993)

The influenza A virus M2 integral membrane protein has ion channel activity which can be blocked by the antiviral drug amantadine. The M2 protein transmembrane domain is highly conserved in amino acid sequence for all the human, swine, equine, and avian strains of influenza A virus, and thus, known amino acid differences could lead to altered properties of the M2 ion channel. We have expressed in oocytes of Xenopus laevis the M2 protein of human influenza virus A/Udorn/72 and the avian virus A/chicken/Germany/34 (fowl plague virus, Rostock) and derivatives of the Rostock ion channel altered in the presumed pore region. The pH of activation of the M2 ion channels and amantadine block of the M2 ion channels were investigated. The channels were found to be activated by pH in a similar manner but differed in their apparent Kis for amantadine block.