gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
POINT-OF-CARE AND STANDARD LABORATORY COAGULATION TESTING IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY - BALANCING RELIABILITY AND TIMELINESS (1998)

INTRODUCTION: Whole blood based, point-of-care (POC) coagulation monitoring has increased dramatically in recent years. We hypothesize that the International Technidyne Hemochron Jr. equipment measuring whole blood prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) correlates well with standard laboratory (SL) equipment. We also hypothesize that the delay in turnaround times for SL testing may justify POC testing in certain hospital locations such as in the operating rooms (ORs). METHODS: After HIC approval and informed consent, we conducted a prospective study correlating POC with SL results. From a single blood sample, both whole blood based as well as plasma based testing was performed and the results were analyzed. PT and aPTT results were analyzed on 19 patients undergoing CABG surgery. Additional aPTTs were analyzed on 20 patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery. Additional PTs were analyzed on 20 postoperative valve patients. The turnaround time for the SL was analyzed for each sample taken. RESULTS: The correlation between POC and SL PTs was r = 0.875, p < 0.001. The correlation between the POC and SL aPTTs was r = 0.860, p < 0.001. The median turnaround time for the SL was 42 minutes: 30 % of results were not obtained for > 60 minutes, and 18.2 % of results were not obtained for > 90 minutes. (Figure 1 and Figure 2)Figure 1Figure 2DISCUSSION: Whole blood based, POC testing has sufficient correlation with SL plasma based testing to be used as an alternative. The delays in obtaining results from the SL may justify use of POC testing in certain hospital locations, especially locations in which time is very costly and saving time may translate into significant savings and improved patient care.
Towards tumour targeting with copper-radiolabelled macrocycle–antibody conjugates: synthesis, antibody linkage, and complexation behaviour (1990)

A set of four tetra-azamacrocyclic ligands bearing aminomethylphenyl substituents have been prepared and may be attached to a monoclonal antibody via an intermediate thiol-specific vinylpyridine linker molecule. The resultant conjugates may be efficiently radiolabelled with 64Cu or 67Cu at pH 4 to minimise non-specific protein binding, and the copper labelled antibody-conjugate is stable with respect to copper loss in vivo. The forward rate of copper binding has been optimised through a kinetic analysis using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. In succinate buffer, anionic copper species Cu(succ)22–(log β= 4.35) and HCu(succ)2–(log β= 9.64) are the kinetically significant copper species in the pH range 3.6–5.6.
Optical Analysis of the Light Emission from Porous Silicon:  A Hybrid Polyatom Surface-Coupled Fluorophor (2006)

The most extensive data set yet generated correlating photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra is presented for aged (equilibrated) porous silicon (PS) samples. The observed features, which are temperature independent over the range 10-300 K, show a detailed correlation with the results of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and with molecular electronic structure calculations. The observed energy level patterns are reproduced in the photoabsorption (PA) of PS films released after the etching of a silicon wafer. It is concluded that the energy level pattern found for the photoluminescing surface of PS results from a structure which is neither uniquely molecule- or bulk-like but represents a hybrid form for which the density of states associated with a polyatomic vibrationally excited surface-bound fluorophor dominates the nature of the observed features which are not those of a semiconductor. These fluorophor features are broadened and shifted to lower excitation energy as a result of the intimate presence of the silicon surface to which the fluorophor is bound. The dominance of the surface-bound fluorophor accounts for the temperature-independent PLE and PL features. The observed spectral features are thus suggested to be the result of a strong synergistic interaction in which the silicon surface influences the location of surface-bound fluorophor excited states whereas the nature of the vibrationally excited surface-bound fluorophor coupling to the silicon surface provides the mechanism for an enhanced vibronic structure dominated interaction and energy transfer. The observed PLE, PL, PAS, and PA measurements are found to be consistent with previous photovoltaic and photoconductivity measurements, correlating well with a surface-bound oxyhydride-like emitter. This study suggests the important role that the overtone structure of a molecule bound to a surface can play as one forms a hybrid system.
Role of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS) in Anti-Tumor Immunity: Potential Tumor-Induced Cytokines/Chemokines that Regulate TLS Formation in Epithelial-Derived Cancers (2014)

Following the successes of monoclonal antibody immunotherapies (trastuzumab (Herceptin®) and rituximab (Rituxan®)) and the first approved cancer vaccine, Provenge® (sipuleucel-T), investigations into the immune system and how it can be modified by a tumor has become an exciting and promising new field of cancer research. Dozens of clinical trials for new antibodies, cancer and adjuvant vaccines, and autologous T and dendritic cell transfers are ongoing in hopes of identifying ways to re-awaken the immune system and force an anti-tumor response. To date, however, few consistent, reproducible, or clinically-relevant effects have been shown using vaccine or autologous cell transfers due in part to the fact that the immunosuppressive mechanisms of the tumor have not been overcome. Much of the research focus has been on re-activating or priming cytotoxic T cells to recognize tumor, in some cases completely disregarding the potential roles that B cells play in immune surveillance or how a solid tumor should be treated to maximize immunogenicity. Here, we will summarize what is currently known about the induction or evasion of humoral immunity via tumor-induced cytokine/chemokine expression and how formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within the tumor microenvironment may be used to enhance immunotherapy response.
Epidermal growth factor receptor in human glioma (1989)

Distribution of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor in the surgical specimen of the human glioma was studied by immunohistochemical techniques using a monoclonal anti-EGF receptor antibody. Of 11 gliomas examined, EGF receptors were detected in nine glioblastomas and in one fibrillary astrocytoma. In the majority of cells, staining was observed over the cell membrane. Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was also seen. In four glioblastomas, EGF receptor-positive cells were diffusely distributed in the tumor tissue. In one glioblastoma and one fibrillary astrocytoma, only a few positive cells were observed. These results imply the possible role of EGF receptors in the cellular proliferation of the human glioma.
Medium Chain Triglycerides in Parenteral Nutrition (1981)

Until recently, medium chain triglycerides (MCT) have not been used in parenteral nutrition (PN) although they are considered to be ideal sources of energy on account of their biochemical properties. The tolerance and utilization of 10% fat emulsion with 75% MCT was tested on 10 healthy males after an overnight fast. During an infusion period of 6 hr the total fat supply rate was 0.12 g/kg body weight/hr. A commercial 10% fat emulsion (Lipofundin-S-10) served as control. The fat emulsion containing MCT was tolerated without any side effects. Compared with the commercial fat emulsion, the increase of triglycerides was markedly lower and clearing of the serum was completed earlier. By gas chromatographic analysis of the serum fatty acid pattern, medium chain fatty acids rapidly achieved a steady state. During infusion of the fat emulsion containing MCT, the production of ketone bodies was considerably higher although acidosis was not induced. The results obtained indicate that the fat solutions containing MCT bypass gluconeogenesis and are utilized quickly without side effects.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 7/2015 (2015)

Back Cover: A new polyfluorene functionalized with phenyl trifluorovinylether groups is prepared and post-polymerized to give a cross-linked structure. Interestingly, this structure shows insulating properties, while traditional polyfluorenes are typically semi-conducting, revealing that dielectric properties of polyfluorenes can be varied by different substituent groups at the C-9 position. This reveals an application of fluorene derivatives, which are usually prepared from coal tar. Further details can be found in the article by J. Wang, K. Li, C. Yuan, K. Jin, S. Tian, J. Sun, and Q. Fang* on page 742.
Oral IDN‐6556, an antiapoptotic caspase inhibitor, may lower aminotransferase activity in patients with chronic hepatitis C† (2007)

Oral IDN-6556, given for 14 days, significantly lowered aminotransferase activity in HCV patients and appeared to be well tolerated. Longer studies to assess potential effects of IDN-6556 on liver inflammation and fibrosis are merited.
Cellular and molecular aspects of renal repair in acute renal failure (1993)

Experimental data suggest that the recovery of renal function after ischemic or nephrotoxic acute renal failure is due to a replicative repair process dependent on predominantly paracrine release of growth factors. These growth factors promote renal proximal tubule cell proliferation and a differentiation phase dependent on the interaction between tubule cells and basement membrane. These insights identify the molecular basis of renal repair in ischemic and nephrotoxic acute renal failure and may lead to potential therapeutic modalities that accelerate renal repair and lessen the morbidity and mortality associated with these renal disease processes.
Evaluation of Text Entry Methods for Interactive Digital Television Applications with Devices Alternative to Conventional Remote Controls (2016)

The popularity of Interactive Digital Television (IDTV) applications has grown in recent years, playing a significant role in today’s society. This new type of television allows users to access interactive applications in order to look for information, for communication or educational purposes, or just for fun. Most of these applications require text entry and many users expect a user experience similar to that of computers. Although the most common device to interact with television is the conventional remote control, other devices available on the market may be used in this context. Thus, in this article we aim to evaluate and compare different text input methods for IDTV applications using devices alternative to conventional remote controls. We have carried out an empirical study with 52 participants. We analyze entry speeds, error rates, and subjective impressions for six different entry methods, taking into account the particular characteristics of the users. As devices we have used a full-sized keyboard, a palm-sized keyboard, a gyroscopic remote point-select, and a modified touchpad. The fastest method is the standard keyboard, but in an IDTV context many users report discomfort and problems under low lighting conditions. Also, error rates are considerably higher with both keyboards when modifier keys need to be used. The results obtained with the gyroscopic remote and the touchpad are similar. Nevertheless, while users complain about fatigue problems with the former, their feedback about the latter is very positive. We have also observed that age is a major factor affecting the performance of the users. We expect our results to contribute to the design of new text entry methods for IDTV.
Immunochemistry of an Acidic Antigen Isolated from a Staphylococcus Aureus (1975)

Staphylococcus aureus, strain 7007, was shown to possess an anti-phagocytic surface antigen. This surface antigen was separated from the species-specific teichoic acid by a combination of DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Bio-Gel filtration. Chemical analyses indicated that the 7007 surface antigen consisted of aminomannuronic acid and fucosamine. Immunochemical analyses suggested that this polymer, although consisting of the same components as the staphylococcal T-antigen described by Wu and Park was, in fact, immunologically distinct from the T-antigen. Antibodies directed against the surface antigen were isolated from anti-7007 rabbit serum by affinity chromatography. These antibodies were shown to belong to the IgG class of immunoglobulins and were effective in enhancing in vitro phagocytosis of 7007 cells by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
The use of selective electroless metal deposition for micron size contact fill (2003)

A novel method of filling micron-size contact holes using the selective electroless metal deposition (SEMD) technique has been developed and demonstrated on advanced device technology. The selective process is based on the electroless deposition of palladium or nickel only in CoSi/sub 2/ or TiSi/sub 2/ based contact holes but not on dielectric films such as BPSG. Excellent planarization of contact holes and good electrical properties such as junction integrity, good transistor characteristics, and good contact resistance have been obtained. To improve the temperature stability of the contact material, selective W is deposited in TiSi/sub 2/-based contacts; good junction integrity and low contact resistance were obtained up to 450 degrees C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An experimental framework for email categorization and management (2001)

Many problems are difficult to adequately explore until a prototype exists in order to elicit user feedback. One such problem is a system that automatically categorizes and manages email. Due to a myriad of user interface issues, a prototype is necessary to determine what techniques and technologies are effective in the email domain. This paper describes the implementation of an add-in for Microsoft Outlook 2000 TM that intends to address two problems with email: 1) help manage the inbox by automatically classifying email based on user folders, and 2) to aid in search and retrieval by providing a list of email relevant to the selected item. This add-in represents a first step in an experimental system for the study of other issues related to information management. The system has been set up to allow experimentation with other classification algorithms and the source code is available online in an effort to promote further experimentation.
Control of Enzymatic Browning in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by Sense and Antisense RNA from Tomato Polyphenol Oxidase (2001)

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of Russet Burbank potato was inhibited by sense and antisense PPO RNAs expressed from a tomato PPO cDNA under the control of the 35S promoter from the cauliflower mosaic virus. Transgenic Russet Burbank potato plants from 37 different lines were grown in the field. PPO activity and the level of enzymatic browning were measured in the tubers harvested from the field. Of the tubers from 28 transgenic lines that were sampled, tubers from 5 lines exhibited reduced browning. The level of PPO activity correlated with the reduction in enzymatic browning in these lines. These results indicate that expression of tomato PPO RNA in sense or antisense orientation inhibits PPO activity and enzymatic browning in the major commercial potato cultivar. Expression of tomato PPO RNA in sense orientation led to the greatest decrease in PPO activity and enzymatic browning, possibly due to cosuppression. These results suggest that expression of closely related heterologous genes can be used to prevent enzymatic browning in a wide variety of food crops without the application of various food additives.
Theta burst stimulation reduces disability during the activities of daily living in spatial neglect (2012)

Left-sided spatial neglect is a common neurological syndrome following right-hemispheric stroke. The presence of spatial neglect is a powerful predictor of poor rehabilitation outcome. In one influential account of spatial neglect, interhemispheric inhibition is impaired and leads to a pathological hyperactivity in the contralesional hemisphere, resulting in a biased attentional allocation towards the right hemifield. Inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation can reduce the hyperactivity of the contralesional, intact hemisphere and thereby improve spatial neglect symptoms. However, it is not known whether this improvement is also relevant to the activities of daily living during spontaneous behaviour. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate whether the repeated application of continuous theta burst stimulation trains could ameliorate spatial neglect on a quantitative measure of the activities of daily living during spontaneous behaviour. We applied the Catherine Bergego Scale, a standardized observation questionnaire that can validly and reliably detect the presence and severity of spatial neglect during the activities of daily living. Eight trains of continuous theta burst stimulation were applied over two consecutive days on the contralesional, left posterior parietal cortex in patients suffering from subacute left spatial neglect, in a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled design, which also included a control group of neglect patients without stimulation. The results showed a 37% improvement in the spontaneous everyday behaviour of the neglect patients after the repeated application of continuous theta burst stimulation. Remarkably, the improvement persisted for at least 3 weeks after stimulation. The amelioration of spatial neglect symptoms in the activities of daily living was also generally accompanied by significantly better performance in the neuropsychological tests. No significant amelioration in symptoms was observed after sham stimulation or in the control group without stimulation. These results provide Class I evidence that continuous theta burst stimulation is a viable add-on therapy in neglect rehabilitation that facilitates recovery of normal everyday behaviour.
New strategies in dental caries prevention: experimental study on casein phosphopeptides. (2007)

Statistical analysis of the results was performed using ANOVA. RESULTS In presence of CPPs, acid dissolution of human enamel is reduced by over 50% in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that CPPs could be a valid preventive system against demineralisation of early enamel lesions.
Retroviral integration at the Evi-2 locus in BXH-2 myeloid leukemia cell lines disrupts Nf1 expression without changes in steady-state Ras-GTP levels (1995)

Approximately 15% of BXH-2 myeloid leukemias harbor proviral integrations at the Evi-2 common viral integration site. Evi-2 is located within a large intron of the Nf1 tumor suppressor gene, raising the possibility that proviral integration at Evi-2 predisposes mice to myeloid tumor development by disrupting Nf1 expression. This hypothesis is supported by data suggesting that mutations in the human NF1 gene are causally associated with the development of juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (K. M. Shannon, P. O'Connell, G. A. Martin, D. Paderanga, K. Olson, P. Dinndorf, and F. McCormick, N. Engl. J. Med. 330:597-601, 1994) and mouse studies showing that aged mice, heterozygous for a germ line Nf1 mutation, develop myeloid leukemia with loss of the wild-type Nf1 allele (T. Jacks, T. S. Shih, E. M. Schmitt, R. T. Bronson, A. Bernards, and R. A. Weinberg, Nat. Genet. 7:353-361, 1994). To determine if viral integration at Evi-2 disrupts Nf1 expression, we derived a series of BXH-2 myeloid leukemia cell lines with or without viral integrations at Evi-2. In all cell lines examined, viral integration at Evi-2 resulted in the production of only truncated Nf1 transcripts and no stable, full-length neurofibromin. Although neurofibromin is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for p21ras proteins, its loss in the BXH-2 leukemic cell lines was not correlated with an increased steady-state level of p21ras bound to GTP. These data suggest that neurofibromin is not the sole mediator of Ras-GAP activity in myeloid cells and may have a GAP-independent function in myeloid cells.
Phase I Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetic Study of Lewis Y–Targeting Immunoconjugate CMD-193 in Patients with Advanced Epithelial Cancers (2009)

CMD-193 shows rapid blood clearance and increased hepatic uptake compared with prior studies of the parental antibody hu3S193. These results highlight the importance of biodistribution and pharmacodynamic assessment in early phase studies of new biologics to assist in clinical development.
EasyGene – a prokaryotic gene finder that ranks ORFs by statistical significance (2003)

The result is a flexible gene finder whose overall performance matches or exceeds other methods. The entire pipeline of computer processing from the raw input of a genome or set of contigs to a list of putative genes with significance is automated, making it easy to apply EasyGene to newly sequenced organisms. EasyGene with pre-trained models can be accessed at http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/EasyGene.
Discovery of Functionally Selective 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-7,10-ethano-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines as GABAAReceptor Agonists at the α3Subunit (2005)

We have previously identified the 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-7,10-ethano-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine (1) as a potent partial agonist for the alpha(3) receptor subtype with 5-fold selectivity in binding affinity over alpha(1). This paper describes a detailed investigation of the substituents on this core structure at both the 3- and 6-positions. Despite evaluating a wide range of groups, the maximum selectivity that could be achieved in terms of affinity for the alpha(3) subtype over the alpha(1) subtype was 12-fold (for 57). Although most analogues showed no selectivity in terms of efficacy, some did show partial agonism at alpha(1) and antagonism at alpha(3) (e.g., 25 and 75). However, two analogues tested (93 and 96), both with triazole substituents in the 6-position, showed significantly higher efficacy for the alpha(3) subtype over the alpha(1) subtype. This was the first indication that selectivity in efficacy in the required direction could be achieved in this series.
High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue and adriamycin in childhood osteogenic sarcoma (1974)

Thirteen children with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma were given high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with Citrovorum factor (CF) rescue and adriamycin cyclic chemotherapy. HDMTX (100–750 mg/kg) IV. was infused during 4 hours, followed by CF administration (9 mg P.O. q6h × 12). Two weeks later, adriamycin, 2.5 mg/kg divided into three daily doses (1 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, and 0.5 mg/kg), was given by I.V. injection. The cycle was repeated every 4 weeks. Of 13 patients treated, 7 had tumor regression for greater than 1 month. In 7/7 patients, the elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels normalized after treatment, and 5/6 patients had relief of bone pain. HDMTX toxicity included mucositis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, transient elevation of SGOT, nausea and vomiting, and radiation pneumonitis in 2 patients who received thoracic irradiation after HDMTX. Responses and symptom-free survival in patients with advanced osteogenic sarcoma suggest that this treatment would be of value as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of primary osteogenic sarcoma in an effort to improve the poor cure rate with surgery alone.