gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Activity in Cultured Human Fibroblasts by Very Low Density Lipoproteins of Subjects with Hypertriglyceridemia (1978)

Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) from human normolipemic plasma, and the VLDL, the intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and LDL from patients with Type III hyperlipoproteinemic plasma were tested for their abilities to suppress the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in cultured human fibroblasts from normal subjects and a Type III patient. Regulation of cholesterol synthesis in the fibroblasts of a patient with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia appears to be normal. VLDL from normal subjects, isolated by angle head ultracentrifugation (d < 1.006) or by gel filtration on BioGel A-5m, were about 5 times less effective than LDL in suppressing HMG-CoA reductase activity, based on protein content, in agreement with previous reports with normal fibroblasts. Zonal centrifugation of normal VLDL isolated by both methods showed that the VLDL contained IDL. Normal VLDL from the angle head rotor, refractionated by the zonal method, had little, if any, ability to suppress the HMG-CoA reductase activity in either normal or Type III fibroblasts. VLDL, IDL, and LDL fractionated by zonal ultracentrifugation from Type III plasma gave half-maximum inhibition at 0.2-0.5 mug of protein/ml, indistinguishable from the suppression caused by normal LDL. Type III VLDL did not suppress HMG-CoA reductase in mutant LDL receptor-negative fibroblasts. Zonally isolated VLDL obtained from one Type IV and one Type V patient gave half-maximal suppression at 5 and 0.5 mug of protein/ml, respectively. Molecular diameters and apoprotein compositions of the zonally isolated normal and Type III VLDL were similar; the major difference in composition was that Type III VLDL contained more cholesteryl esters and less triglyceride than did normal VLDL. The compositions and diameters of the Type IV and Type V VLDL were similar to normal VLDL. These findings show that the basic defect in Type III hyperlipoproteinemia is qualitatively different from the cellular defect found in familial hypercholesterolemia, since the regulation of HMG-CoA reductase activity is normal in Type III fibroblasts. The metabolic defect in hypertriglyceridemia is related to the triglyceriderich lipoproteins which, free of other lipoproteins, have an enhanced ability to interact with cultured fibroblasts to regulate HMG-CoA reductase activity. These studies suggest that, in hypertriglyceridemia, there is a mechanism for direct cellular catabolism of VLDL which is not functional for normal VLDL.
Supporting distributed applications (1985)

Article Free Access Share on Supporting distributed applications: experience with Eden Author: Andrew P. Black Department of Computer Science FR-35, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Department of Computer Science FR-35, University of Washington, Seattle, WAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SOSP '85: Proceedings of the tenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principlesDecember 1985 Pages 181–193https://doi.org/10.1145/323647.323646Published:01 December 1985Publication History 52citation429DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations52Total Downloads429Last 12 Months20Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The Photochemistry of Riboflavin and Related Compounds (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Photochemistry of Riboflavin and Related CompoundsMurray HalwerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4870–4874Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a118RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views345Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (602 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Isolation and analysis of cDNA clones expressing human lupus La antigen. (1985)

Several cDNA clones of the La antigen recognized by certain lupus autoantibodies were isolated from lambda gt11 expression libraries made from human liver. Recombinant clones were used to hybrid-select HeLa cell mRNA that was subsequently translated in vitro into a single protein species that comigrated with HeLa cell La protein. The in vitro translated protein was reactive with anti-La patient sera and was identical to the authentic La protein by peptide mapping. By analyzing overlapping cDNA clones, we mapped an antigenic site of La protein at the terminal 12% of the carboxyl end of the molecule. Within this region we identified a unique decapeptide of high hydrophilicity that may constitute a La antigenic determinant. We further demonstrated that the La antigen expressed from the recombinant clones can be used in a definitive enzyme-linked assay (ELISA) for the classification of sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
A Revolution in Biomedical Assessment: The Development of Salivary Diagnostics (2001)

Since the early 1900s, saliva has proven to be a noninvasive medium from which to measure a wide range of hormones, pharmaceuticals, and antibodies. It has also proven to be a convenient source of host and microbial DNA. As we enter the era of genomic medicine, increasing use of salivary diagnostics will help catalyze a shift from disease diagnosis to health surveillance. However, with the advances in this technology comes the additional obligation to ensure the privacy and rights of patients.
NF‐κB and innate immunity in ischemic stroke (2010)

Acute cerebral ischemia elicits an innate immune response that leads to a cascade of events that culminates in necrotic death of neurons and injury to their supportive structures in the neurovascular unit. Indeed, clinical studies have shown a close relationship between elevated levels of inflammatory markers and the risk for ischemic stroke. However, the signaling pathways that link these events are not well understood. A central regulator of inflammatory response is the transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). The activation of NF-κB is required for the transcriptional induction of many proinflammatory mediators involved in innate immunity, such as cellular adhesion molecules, cytokines, and growth factors. Therefore, factors that modulate the activity of NF-κB could potentially regulate inflammatory processes in ischemic stroke. Here, we review the relationship between NF-κB and ischemic stroke, its role in the neurovascular unit, and discuss some animal models that suggest that this relationship is causal.
Hepatocyte growth factor combined with insulin like growth factor-1 improves expression of GATA-4 in mesenchymal stem cells cocultured with cardiomyocytes (2008)

BMSCs can transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes like cells and express the cardiac transcription factor GATA-4 after being cocultured with myocardial cells. HGF and IGF-1 can stimulate transdifferentiation of BMSCs into cardiac phenotype and enhance the expression of GATA-4. These results indicate that growth factors have a great potential in clinical cellular therapy.
Recent development of nitride LEDs and LDs (2009)

We fabricated the high efficiency white LEDs. The white LEDs, the yellow YAG-phosphors-coated small-size (290µm × 500µm) blue LED, designed for minimizing forward voltage. At a forward current of 20mA, the luminous flux, the forward voltage (Vf), the correlated color temperature (Tcp), the luminous efficiency, and the wall-plug efficiency (WPE) are 9.5lm, 2.8V, 5193K, 169Lm/W, and 50.8%, respectively. The high-power white LEDs were fabricated from the larger-size (1mm × 1mm) blue LED chips with the output power of 651mW at 350mA. Flux, Vf, Tcp, luminous efficiency, and WPE of the high-power white LED are 145Lm, 3.09V, 4988K, 134Lm/W, and 39.5%, respectively, at 350mA. This power white LEDs showed total flux of 361Lm at 1A. Moreover, we succeeded in developing high-power and high-efficiency blue laser diodes (LDs) with an emission wavelength at 445nm range by using GaN-based materials. This achievement leads to the full-color laser display applications. We fabricated multi-transverse mode LDs by a single emitter, and adopting &phi;9mm packages for the reduction of the thermal resistance. The typical optical-output power, voltage and wall-plug efficiency of the LDs at forward current of 1.0A at a temperature of 25ºC was 1.17W, 4.81V and 24.3%, respectively. The catastrophic optical damage at the facets of these LDs did not appear up to 3W in the optical output power. The estimated lifetime of the LDs at a temperature of 25ºC under continuous-wave operation 1.0A in automatic current control condition was over 30,000 hours.
Neutralizing Botulinum Toxin Type A Antibodies: Clinical Observations in Patients with Cervical Dystonia (2001)

Neutralization of antibodies poses a problem for a substantial number of cervical dystonia (CD) patients treated with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A). Presence of these antibodies may lead to a secondary nonresponse to BoNT/A treatment. In this study, we compared 6 antibody-positive (Ab+) with 12 antibody- negative (Ab-) CD patients treated with BoNT/A (Dysport) and matched for du- ration of treatment, number of BoNT/A injections, and severity of clinical symptoms. The two groups differed in cumulative BoNT/A dose (Ab+, 5984 mouse units [MU ], SD = 3151 MU; Ab-, 3143 MU, SD =1294 MU; P <.05), in addition, ab+ patients were significantly younger (ab+ mean age = 41.3 y, sd =5.9 y; ab - mean age = 56.8 y, sd = 15.3 y; p <.05), in or- der to avoid formation of neutralizing antibodies, doses of bont/a should be kept as low as possible, the risk of antibody formation seems to be higher in younger patients.
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION BETWEEN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS OF T LYMPHOCYTES (1994)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
A fast and accurate numerical tool to model the mode properties of photonic-bandgap fibers (2005)

We present a new mode solver that models photonic-bandgap fibers /spl sim/ 1,000 times faster that existing codes. Finding the indices and fields of the modes of a fiber now takes only /spl sim/ 6 seconds per mode per wavelength on a personal computer.
Physiological Modulation of Intestinal Motility by Enteric Dopaminergic Neurons and the D2Receptor: Analysis of Dopamine Receptor Expression, Location, Development, and Function in Wild-Type and Knock-Out Mice (2006)

Dopaminergic neurons are present in both plexuses of the murine bowel and are upregulated after extrinsic denervation but play unknown roles in enteric nervous system (ENS) physiology. Transcripts encoding dopamine (DA) receptors D1-D5 were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR in stomach approximately duodenum approximately ileum approximately proximal > > distal colon. Dissected muscle and myenteric plexus contained transcripts encoding D1-D3 and D5, whereas mucosa contained D1 and D3-D5. D1-D5 expression began in fetal gut [embryonic day 10 (E10)], before the appearance of neurons (E12), and was sustained without developmental regulation through postnatal day 1. In situ hybridization revealed that subsets of submucosal and myenteric neurons contained mRNA encoding D2 or D3. Immunoblots confirmed that D1, D2, and D5 receptor proteins were present from stomach through distal colon. Subsets of submucosal and myenteric neurons were also D1, D2, or D3 immunoreactive. When double labeled by in situ hybridization, these neurons contained mRNA encoding the respective receptors. Total gastrointestinal transit time (TGTT) and colonic transit time (CTT) were measured in mice lacking D2, D3, or D2 plus D3. Both TGTT and CTT were decreased significantly (motility increased) in D2 and D2 plus D3, but not D3, knock-out animals. Mice lacking D2 and D2 plus D3 but not D3 were smaller than wild-type littermates, yet ate significantly more and had greater stool frequency, water content, and mass. Because motility is abnormal when D2 is absent, the net inhibitory DA effect on motility is physiologically significant. The early expression of DA receptors is also consistent with the possibility that DA affects ENS development.
Reversal of myogenic terminal differentiation by SV40 large T antigen results in mitosis and apoptosis (1998)

Terminally differentiated skeletal muscle myotubes are arrested in the G0 phase of the cell cycle, and this arrest is not reversed by stimulation with serum or growth factors. The myotubes have been shown to be refractory to apoptosis even under low serum conditions. When the SV40 large T antigen is induced in the C2SVTts11 myotubes, which stably harbor the T antigen gene linked to an inducible promoter, the terminally differentiated cells reenter the cell cycle to resume nuclear DNA replication representing S phase. We show here that the large T-expressing myotubes further proceeded to M phase represented by the appearance of mitotic figures with centrosomes, condensed chromosomes, and mitotic spindles. The myotubes eventually cleaved and midbodies were formed at the cleavage sites of the cytoplasm. In some cases actin filaments, reminiscent of the contractile rings, accumulated at the cleavage furrows. Thus, terminally differentiated myotubes remain able to resume at least one round of the cell cycle and consequently are considered to be capable of dedifferentiation. A subset of myotubes expressing large T did not undergo mitosis. Some of them were degenerative and contained deformed giant nuclei and pulverized nuclei. The others suffered apoptotic cell death, which was identified by morphological changes of the nuclei and the labeling with dUTP at the ends of chromatin DNA fragments. The induction of apoptosis was unlikely to be confined to a particular phase of the cell cycle. These results imply that terminally differentiated myotubes also retain a complete set of machinery for apoptosis.
Radiation emission from ion implanters when implanting hydrogen and deuterium (2003)

An increasing interest in proton and deuterium implants has been expressed among the semiconductor device fabricators. The possible production of neutrons and high energy gamma rays during such implants necessitated an extensive radiation study of implanters. A series of experiments to study neutron and gamma production with beams of H, D, B, P and As on common implanter materials such as C, Al, Si and the dopants themselves have been performed. Based on our experimental data, and the underlying physical reactions, we concluded that neutron generation is negligible in operation of B from BF/sub 3/ feed materials and from P or As from hydride feed materials. Operation of the implanter with feed materials composed of enhanced amounts of deuterium at any energy will result in significant neutron generation. Proton beams below certain energies can be used safely, with common implanter materials as targets, while maintaining acceptable radiation levels. At higher energies the risk of activation and gamma ray production increases, depending on the material used for the target and beam line components.
Synthesis of Guanidinium-Derived Receptor Libraries and Screening for Selective Peptide Receptors in Water (2002)

A library of "tweezer" receptors, incorporating a guanidinium "head group" and two peptide derived side arms has been prepared on the solid-phase using an orthogonally protected guanidinium scaffold 12. The library was screened with various tripeptide derivatives in an aqueous solvent system. A tweezer receptor 25 for the side chain protected tripeptide 19 was identified from the screening experiments. Receptor 25 was resynthesised and solution binding studies were carried out, which revealed that 25 binds to tripeptide 19 with K(a)=8.2 x 10(4) +/- 2.5 x 10(4) (15 % DMSO/H(2)O, pH 8.75) and with appreciable selectivity over the tripeptide enantiomer 22 and the side chain deprotected tripeptide 20.
Ex vivo cell labeling with 64 Cu–pyruvaldehyde-bis( N 4 -methylthiosemicarbazone) for imaging cell trafficking in mice with positron-emission tomography (2002)

We have used copper-64-pyruvaldehyde-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) (64Cu-PTSM) to radiolabel cells ex vivo for in vivo positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging studies of cell trafficking in mice and for eventual application in patients. 2-[18F]-Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) cell labeling also was evaluated for comparison. 64Cu-PTSM uptake by C6 rat glioma (C6) cells increased for 180 min and then stabilized. The labeling efficiency was directly proportional to 64Cu-PTSM concentration and influenced negatively by serum. Label uptake per cell was greater with 64Cu-PTSM than with FDG. However, both 64Cu-PTSM- and FDG-labeled cells showed efflux of cell activity into supernatant. The 64Cu-PTSM labeling procedure did not interfere significantly with C6 cell viability and proliferation rate. MicroPET images of living mice indicate that tail-vein-injected labeled C6 cells traffic to the lungs and liver. In addition, transient splenic accumulation of radioactivity was clearly detectable in a mouse scanned at 3.33 h postinfusion of 64Cu-PTSM-labeled lymphocytes. In contrast, the liver was the principal organ of tracer localization after tail-vein administration of 64Cu-PTSM alone. These results indicate that in vivo imaging of cell trafficking is possible with 64Cu-PTSM-labeled cells. Given the longer t(1/2) of 64Cu (12.7 h) relative to 18F (110 min), longer cell-tracking periods (up to 24-36 h) should be possible now with PET.
A method of watermarking with multiresolution analysis and pseudo noise sequences (1998)

Various watermarking techniques are under development for copyright protection of image data. However, most of them cannot retain copyright data in a low bit data compression process. Our scheme offers an easy watermarking method taking advantage of multi-resolution analysis and the spread spectrum technique. Each layer of the multi-resolution approximation is spread by a PN-sequence, and a signature is embedded into the spread data. After reversing the layers, the signature is hidden in all of image data without producing visible noise in it. Therefore, the signed image is almost the same as the original image. The hidden signature remains unaffected in the image even if it is subjected to manipulations, such as filtering, re-sampling, or data compression. The pseudo noise sequence is also useful for providing random secret keys. Thus, our method provides high security copyright protection for multimedia applications. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 29(5): 11–19, 1998
Amyloid Proteins and Their Role in Multiple Sclerosis. Considerations in the Use of Amyloid-PET Imaging (2016)

Thioflavin T derivatives are used in positron-emission tomography (PET) studies to detect amyloid protein deposits in patients with Alzheimer disease. These tracers bind extensively to white matter, which suggests that they may be useful in studies of multiple sclerosis (MS), and that proteins resulting from proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) may contribute to MS. This article reviews data from both clinical and preclinical studies addressing the role of these proteins, whether they are detected in CSF studies or using PET imaging. APP is widely expressed in demyelinated axons and may have a protective effect in MS and in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in animals. Several mechanisms associated with this increased expression may affect the degree of remyelination in MS. Amyloid-PET imaging may help determine the degree of demyelination and provide information on the molecular changes linked to APP proteolytic processing experienced by patients with MS.
α-Synuclein Vaccination Prevents the Accumulation of Parkinson Disease-Like Pathologic Inclusions in Striatum in Association With Regulatory T Cell Recruitment in a Rat Model (2013)

Human leukocyte antigen-DR induction and lymphocyte infiltrates in the brains of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and the presence in serum of α-synuclein (α-syn)-specific antibodies suggest that the peripheral immune system may have an active role in the progression of PD. We designed a vaccination strategy to attempt to control these processes and mediate protection against disease progression in a rat PD model. Using a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector, we unilaterally overexpressed human α-syn in the rat substantia nigra to induce a progressive neuropathologic process. Prior to stereotactic delivery of the viral vector, animals were vaccinated with recombinant α-syn (asyn). This resulted in a high-titer anti-α-syn antibody response on α-syn overexpression; the accumulation of CD4-positive, MHC II-positive ramified microglia in the substantia nigra; long-lasting infiltration of CD4-positive, Foxp3-positive cells throughout the nigrostriatal system; and fewer pathologic aggregates in the striatum versus control animals that had received a mock vaccine. A long-term increase in GDNF levels in the striatum and IgG deposition in α-syn-overexpressing cells and neurites in the substantia nigra were also observed. Together, these results suggest that a protective vaccination strategy results in induction of regulatory T cells and distinctly activated microglia, and that this can induce immune tolerance against α-syn.
Ethics ‐ marketing ploy, or just the best business proposition? (1996)

Discusses whether there is any business sense in organizations acting ethically, i.e. whether it is profitable. Examines various ethical companies and their behaviour. Debates whether or not it pays organizations to sell ethical products and treat both customers and employees ethically.
Direct Laser Patterning of Conductive Wires on Three-Dimensional Polymeric Microstructures (2006)

We show that silver lines patterned on a substrate with multiphoton absorption can be rendered electrically conductive using electroless enhancement with copper. We demonstrate that this technique can be used to create metallic features on three-dimensional polymeric structures that have been fabricated with multiphoton absorption polymerization. This method makes it possible to use multiphoton absorption to create complete metal/polymer hybrid microstructures with a single fabrication setup.