gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
c-Jun Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth and Neointima Formation after Arterial Injury (2002)

Neointima formation is a characteristic feature of common vascular pathologies, such as atherosclerosis and post-angioplasty restenosis, and involves smooth muscle cell proliferation. Determination of whether the bZIP transcription factor c-Jun plays a direct regulatory role in arterial lesion formation, or indeed in other disease, has been hampered by the lack of a potent and specific pharmacological inhibitor. c-Jun is poorly expressed in the uninjured artery wall and transiently induced following arterial injury in animal models. Here we generated a gene-specific DNAzyme-targeting c-Jun. We show that c-Jun protein is expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions. Dz13, a catalytically active c-Jun DNAzyme, cleaved c-Jun RNA and inhibited inducible c-Jun protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Dz13 blocked vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation with potency exceeding its exact non-catalytic antisense oligodeoxynucleotide equivalent. Moreover, Dz13 abrogated smooth muscle cell repair following scraping injury in vitro and intimal thickening in injured rat carotid arteries in vivo. These studies demonstrate the positive influence on neointima formation by c-Jun and the therapeutic potential of a DNAzyme controlling its expression.
Reduction of pump current mismatch in charge-pump PLL (2009)

A charge pump that minimises the mismatch between the charging and discharging currents and keeps the currents constant across a wide output voltage range is described. The improved current matching helps reduce the static phase offset and reference spur of a charge-pump phase-locked loop (PLL) and the constant currents help control the PLL dynamics precisely. The proposed charge pump with dual compensation circuits demonstrates current mismatch of less than 3.2% and pump-current variation of 1.7% over the output voltage ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 V in the 0.13 µm CMOS process with 1.2 V supply.
Enhanced DNA-Binding Activity of a Stat3-Related Protein in Cells Transformed by the Src Oncoprotein (1995)

Cytokines and growth factors induce tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) that directly activate gene expression. Cells stably transformed by the Src oncogene tyrosine kinase were examined for STAT protein activation. Assays of electrophoretic mobility, DNA-binding specificity, and antigenicity indicated that Stat3 or a closely related STAT family member was constitutively activated by the Src oncoprotein. Induction of this DNA-binding activity was accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 and correlated with Src transformation. These findings demonstrate that Src can activate STAT signaling pathways and raise the possibility that Stat3 contributes to oncogenesis by Src.
A natural language parsing system for encoding admitting diagnoses. (1997)

Free-text or natural language documents make up an increasing part of the computerized medical record. While they do provide accessible clinical information to health care personnel, they fail to support processes that require clinical data coded according to a shared lexicon and data structure. We have developed a natural language parser that converts free-text admitting diagnoses into a coded form. This application has proven acceptably accurate in the experimental laboratory to warrant a test in the target clinical environment. Here we describe an approach to moving this research application into a production environment where it can contribute to the efforts of the Health Information Services Department. This transition is essential if the products of natural language understanding research are to contribute to patient care in a routine and sustainable way.
Three-dimensional vector microwave tomography: theory and computational experiments (2004)

Microwave tomography is a new imaging method based on contrast in dielectric properties of materials. The mathematical theory of microwave tomography involves solving an inverse problem for Maxwell's equations. In this paper a new method of solving this inverse problem is presented. Based on the known gradient approach the method has significant advantages that allow us to solve full scale 3D microwave tomographic problems using the vector equations. The results of computational experiments are presented and discussed. Using simulated and experimental data, 3D images of mathematical and physical phantoms are obtained. The results show the abilities of the method to reveal the internal structure of objects in the strong contrast case.
Suppressive Effect of the Gly389 Allele of the .BETA.1-Adrenergic Receptor Gene on the Occurrence of Ventricular Tachycardia in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. (2002)

Beta-1-adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) blockers reduce both the incidence of sudden death and the ventricular volume in heart failure. In vitro, the Gly389 variant of β1-AR mediates less adenylyl cyclase activities than the Arg389 variant, so Arg389Gly polymorphism was investigated with regard to the genesis, progression, or arrhythmogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Allele and genotype frequencies of the Arg389Gly polymorphism were determined in 163 DCM patients and 157 age- and sex-matched controls. There were no differences in genotype and allele frequencies between patients and controls. Echocardiograms, left ventriculograms and 24 h-Holter electrocardiograms were evaluated in the DCM patients and none of the clinical indices, other than ventricular tachycardia (VT), differed among the 3 genotypes. The Gly389 allele was more frequent in the VT(-) group than in the VT(+) group (0.46 vs 0.24, p=0.001). In univariate analysis, the odds ratio for VT in patients carrying 1 or 2 copies of the Gly389 allele was 0.29 ([95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.64], p=0.002), when compared with the Arg389 homozygotes. The Gly389 variant supressed the occurrence of VT in DCM, suggesting that this allele confers a decreased risk of sudden death. (Circ J 2002; 66: 723 - 728)
A non-differential elastomer curvature sensor for softer-than-skin electronics (2011)

We extend soft lithography microfabrication and design methods to introduce curvature sensors that are elastically soft (modulus 0.1–1 MPa) and stretchable (100–1000% strain). In contrast to existing curvature sensors that measure differential strain, sensors in this new class measure curvature directly and allow for arbitrary gauge factor and film thickness. Moreover, each sensor is composed entirely of a soft elastomer (PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) or Ecoflex®) and conductive liquid (eutectic gallium indium, eGaIn) and thus remains functional even when stretched to several times its natural length. The electrical resistance in the embedded eGaIn microchannel is measured as a function of the bending curvature for a variety of sensor designs. In all cases, the experimental measurements are in reasonable agreement with closed-form algebraic approximations derived from elastic plate theory and Ohm's law.
Future system specifications for traffic enforcement equipment (1996)

Automatic red light and speed cameras have since 1988 and 1992 respectively been used by the police to obtain primary evidence of traffic offences. There is now substantial evidence to demonstrate their effectiveness in reducing the number of speed and red light related accidents. Evidence from automatic traffic enforcement equipment is currently recorded on conventional photographic film. There is a legal requirement to send a Notice of Intention to Prosecute within 14 days of the offence. This means that the film has to be collected and developed, viewed, a decision taken on whether to prosecute and the vehicle keeper located all in a short period of time. There are, therefore, some obvious advantages in moving from photographic to electronic imaging and sending digitised images to a central point over a data network. This presents new issues for maintaining the integrity and acceptance of the evidence by the courts; the article explains some of these issues and how they are being resolved.
Practical Sagnac interferometer based fibre optic current sensor (1994)

A theoretical and experimental investigation of a practical new Sagnac interferometric optical fibre current sensor using a 3*3 fibre coupler is presented. A simple analytical expression for the output response of the sensor has been derived in the presence of bend-induced linear birefringence and twist-induced circular birefringence in the fibre sensing coil. This represents the first analytic formulation for this type of current sensor. The effects of the bend-induced linear birefringence and twist-induced circular birefringence on the phase bias and scale factor have been analysed in detail. Numerical simulation was also carried out to study the effect of various disturbances and imperfections such as intrinsic linear birefringence and localised birefringence in the sensing fibre. It is shown that our proposed structure minimises the effects of variations, as might be caused by temperature changes, for example, in the bend-induced linear birefringence and twist-induced circular birefringence, on the sensor stability. Preliminary experimental results show good temperature stability without the use of any passive or active compensation arrangement.
Multimodality Imaging Probes: Design and Challenges (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTMultimodality Imaging Probes: Design and ChallengesAngelique Louie*View Author Information Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616* Phone, (530) 752-7134; fax, (530) 754-5739; e-mail, [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 5, 3146–3195Publication Date (Web):March 15, 2010Publication History Received26 October 2009Published online15 March 2010Published inissue 12 May 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9003538https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9003538review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16639Altmetric-Citations886LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Magnetic resonance imaging,Metal oxide nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Probes,Quantum dots Get e-Alerts
Left Ventricular and Myocardial Function in Mice Expressing Constitutively Pseudophosphorylated Cardiac Troponin I (2009)

A modest increase in PKC-induced cTnI phosphorylation ( approximately 7%) can significantly alter cardiac muscle contraction: negative inotropy via decreased cross-bridge formation and negative lusitropy via persistence of myofilament active state. Based on our data and data from the literature we speculate that effects of PKC-mediated cTnI phosphorylation are site-specific (S43/S45 versus T144).
Treatment of mice with macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) prevents the in vivo myelosuppression induced by murine alpha, beta, and gamma interferons. (1986)

Interferon (IFN) treatment has been shown to suppress the bone marrow in mice and humans, causing a leukopenia. In vitro studies with the mouse system have shown that colony stimulating factors (CSFs) antagonize the bone marrow suppressive, but not the antiviral or antiproliferative activities of IFNs. Partially purified murine macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) was evaluated for its ability to antagonize the myelosuppressive effect of murine (Mu) IFNs in vivo. All three interferon types (MuIFN-alpha, MuIFN-beta, and MuIFN-gamma) were used. IFNs and CSF-1 were administered subcutaneously for 3 successive days, blood was drawn by retro-ocular bleeding, and myelo-suppression was quantitated by subjecting the blood to total white blood cell (WBC) counts and to differential counts. The IFNs had similar effects, though MuIFN-gamma was a significantly more potent (50- to 100-fold) myelosuppressive agent than MuIFN-alpha or MuIFN-beta. Treatment with each of the three IFNs caused a reduction in the total WBC count (up to 40% reduction) and a generalized reduction of each of the three major leukocytes (lymphocytes, segmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and monocytes). Treatment with CSF-1 did not affect the total WBC count, but did cause a shift in the relative ratios of the leukocytes, decreasing the relative percentage of lymphocytes, and increasing the relative percentage of segmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes. Combined treatment with CSF-1 and IFN inhibited the myelosuppressive activity of the IFNs, and restored the total WBC count to control levels. This restoration was largely due to increased levels of segmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Men's shoes and knee joint torques relevant to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis. (2003)

Men's dress shoes and sneakers do not significantly affect knee joint torques that may have relevance to the development and/or progression of knee OA.
Aminosäuren in der klinischen Ernährung - Entwicklungen der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte (2002)

Effects of a Protein Optimized Diet Combined with Moderate Resistance Training on the Postoperative Course in Older Patients with Hip Fracture
Prebiotic carbohydrates in human milk and formulas (2005)

Human milk oligosaccharides play an important role, as prebiotic soluble fibres, in the postnatal development of the intestinal flora. Infant formulas are virtually free of prebiotic oligosaccharides. As a consequence, formula-fed infants develop an intestinal flora significantly different to the flora of breastfed infants. Due to the complexity of human milk oligosaccharides, it is necessary to use alternative sources of prebiotic ingredients as components of infant formulas. The present review summarizes the data of experimental research and clinical studies with a prebiotic mixture containing 90% short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% long-chain fructo-oligosacchrides are summarized. The data demonstrate that, with this prebiotic mixture, the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli can be stimulated, the faecal pH can be decreased, and the presence of pathogens can be reduced to levels similar to those of breastfed infants. Thus, prebiotic oligosaccharides such as the studied mixture provide beneficial effects for formula-fed infants.
Lipid Formulations of Amphotericin B: Clinical Efficacy and Toxicities (1998)

Commercially available lipid formulations of amphotericin B (Abelcet, Amphotec, and AmBisome) represent a significant advance in drug delivery technology. Differences in biochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties among the lipid products have been shown in in vitro and in vivo models. Clinical experience with these products has been primarily in patients either refractory to or intolerant of conventional amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd). None of the lipid-based products demonstrates superior efficacy when prospectively compared with AmBd in the treatment of documented infections. When used for the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia, AmBisome significantly reduced the incidence of proven emergent fungal infections but did not improve short-term survival rates, in comparison with AmBd. Acute infusion-related adverse events vary, whereas nephrotoxicity is reduced with all three lipid formulations. Until superior efficacy is clearly shown (for documented infections) or pharmacoeconomic analyses document the value of these drugs, use of such expensive agents should be highly restricted to those who are intolerant of or refractory to AmBd.
Human neoplasms elicit multiple specific immune responses in the autologous host. (1995)

Expression of cDNA libraries from human melanoma, renal cancer, astrocytoma, and Hodgkin disease in Escherichia coli and screening for clones reactive with high-titer IgG antibodies in autologous patient serum lead to the discovery of at least four antigens with a restricted expression pattern in each tumor. Besides antigens known to elicit T-cell responses, such as MAGE-1 and tyrosinase, numerous additional antigens that were overexpressed or specifically expressed in tumors of the same type were identified. Sequence analyses suggest that many of these molecules, besides being the target of a specific immune response, might be of relevance for tumor growth. Antibodies to a given antigen were usually confined to patients with the same tumor type. The unexpected frequency of human tumor antigens, which can be readily defined at the molecular level by the serological analysis of autologous tumor cDNA expression cloning, indicates that human neoplasms elicit multiple specific immune responses in the autologous host and provides diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to human cancer.
Specific Th1 cytokine down-regulation associated with primary clinically derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef gene-induced expression (1996)

HIV-1 infection is associated with a progressive and functional decline in the CD4+ lymphoid Th1 subset. Here, we propose that the HIV nef gene product may function as a specific regulator of Th1 cytokine production. By use of a T cell-specific inducible expression system, we show that upon T cell activation, induced nef expression down-regulated both IL-2 and IFN-gamma production in a dose-dependent manner, whereas IL-4, IL-9, IL-13, IL-8, and TNF-alpha production remained unaffected. In addition to this, independent transfected clones expressing various nef genes, including nef sequences amplified directly from an HIV-1 primary clinical isolate, displayed a similar pattern of cytokine expression. The specific Th1 impairment induced by nef, therefore, seems to be an important and conserved feature of HIV-1 infection and may represent a significant function of this viral gene in AIDS pathogenesis.
Characterization of neutralization epitopes in the V2 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120: role of glycosylation in the correct folding of the V1/V2 domain (1995)

A number of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with various levels of neutralizing activity that recognize epitopes in the V1/V2 domain of LAI-related gp120s have been described. These include rodent antibodies directed against linear and conformational epitopes and a chimpanzee MAb, C108G, with extremely potent neutralizing activity directed against a glycan-dependent epitope. A fusion glycoprotein expression system that expressed the isolated V1/V2 domain of gp120 in native form was used to analyze the structural characteristics of these epitopes. A number of MAbs (C108G, G3-4, 684-238, SC258, 11/68b, 38/66a, 38/66c, 38/62c, and CRA3) that did not bind with high affinity to peptides immunoprecipitated a fusion glycoprotein expressing the V1/V2 domain of HXB2 gp120 in the absence of other human immunodeficiency virus sequences, establishing that their epitopes were fully specified within this region. Biochemical analyses indicated that in the majority of V1/V2 fusion molecules only five of the six glycosylation signals in the V1/V2 domain were utilized, and the glycoforms were found to be differentially recognized by particular MAbs. Both C108G and MAbs directed against conformational epitopes reacted with large fractions of the fully glycosylated molecules but with only small fractions of the incompletely glycosylated molecules. Mutational analysis of the V1 and V2 glycosylation signals indicated that in most cases the unutilized site was located either at position 156 or at position 160, suggesting the occurrence of competition for glycan addition at these neighboring positions. Mutation of glycosylation site 160 destroyed the C108G epitope but increased the fraction of the molecules that presented the conformational epitopes, while mutation of the highly conserved glycosylation site at position 156 greatly diminished the expression of the conformational epitopes and increased expression of the C108G epitope. Similar heterogeneity in glycosylation was also observed when the HXB2 V1/V2 fusion glycoprotein was expressed without most of the gp70 carrier protein, and thus, this appeared to be an intrinsic property of the V1/V2 domain. Heterogeneity in expression of conformational and glycan-dependent epitopes was also observed for the natural viral env precursor, gPr160, but not for gp120. These results suggested that the closely spaced glycosylation sites 156 and 160 are often alternatively utilized and that the pattern of glycosylation at these positions affects the formation of the conformational structures needed for both expression of native epitopes in this region and processing of gPr160 to mature env products.
Synthesis of 5-Aryl/Aryloxyalkyl-1, 3,4-Oxadiazole-2-Thiones and Related Compounds as Possible Fungicides (1982)

Chemistry Department, University of Gomkhpur, Gorakhpur-278 001 <em>Manuscript received 12 January 1980, revised 15 December 1980, accepted 26 February 1982</em> Eight 5-aryliaryloxyalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione (I), eleven 3-hydroxybenzyl-5-aryliaryloxyalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione (II) and twenty N,N'-<em>bis</em>-(3-methylenot ethyleno-5-aryloxyalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione)-phenylenediamines benzidines (III) have been prepared to study their antifungal activity. Most of them have been screened against two pathogenic fungi, <em>A. fiavus</em> and <em>H.</em> <em>oryzae </em>and found to be fungicidal.
Stacked Gaussian Process Learning (2009)

Triggered by a market relevant application that involves making joint predictions of pedestrian and public transit flows in urban areas, we address the question of how to utilize hidden common cause relations among variables of interest in order to improve performance in the two related regression tasks. Specifically, we propose stacked Gaussian process learning, a meta-learning scheme in which a base Gaussian process is enhanced by adding the posterior covariance functions of other related tasks to its covariance function in a stage-wise optimization. The idea is that the stacked posterior covariances encode the hidden common causes among variables of interest that are shared across the related regression tasks. Stacked Gaussian process learning is efficient, capable of capturing shared common causes, and can be implemented with any kind of standard Gaussian process regression model such as sparse approximations and relational variants. Our experimental results on real-world data from the market relevant application show that stacked Gaussian processes learning can significantly improve prediction performance of a standard Gaussian process.
The Gene for Familial Polyposis Coli Maps to the Long Arm of Chromosome 5 (1987)

The inherited genetic defect in adenomatous polyposis has been localized to a small region on the long arm of chromosome 5. Sixteen DNA marker loci were used to construct a linkage map of the chromosome. When five kindreds segregating a gene for adenomatous polyposis coli were characterized with a number of the markers, significant linkage was found between one marker and the disease gene. Linkage analysis determined the location of the defective gene within a primary genetic map of chromosome 5.