gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of recombinant rabbit IL-8 in Escherichia coli and establishment of the essential involvement of IL-8 in recruiting neutrophils into lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory site of rabbit skin (1993)

In order to establish the pathophysiological roles of IL-8, rabbit IL-8 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity by sequential chromatography on heparin agarose, CM-HPLC, and RP-HPLC. The purified recombinant rabbit IL-8 was homogeneous on SDS-PAGE and the ED50 of neutrophil chemotactic activity for rabbit peritoneal neutrophils was 2 ng/ml. The binding of 125I-labeled rabbit IL-8 to rabbit neutrophils was inhibited by unlabeled human IL-8 as well as rabbit IL-8 but not by another leucocyte chemotactic cytokine (chemokine), monocyte chemotactic and activating factor. Scatchard plot analysis of the binding of 125I-labeled rabbit IL-8 to rabbit peritoneal neutrophils revealed that the rabbit neutrophils have two affinity classes of receptors for IL-8 (Kd = 2.3 nM, 4.1 x 10(4) sites/cell; Kd = 18.0 nM, 11.4 x 10(4) sites/cell). It was found that a previously generated mouse anti-human IL-8 mAb, WS-4, inhibited the binding of 125I-labeled rabbit IL-8 to rabbit neutrophils, and blocked neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro in a specific and dose-dependent manner. An ELISA system for rabbit IL-8 was established using this mAb and guinea pig polyclonal antibodies to recombinant rabbit IL-8 to measure the levels of IL-8 in rabbit plasma. Intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 micrograms) in rabbits caused the highest level of IL-8 in blood at around 2 h. Intravenous administration of WS-4 (10 mg) inhibited neutrophil infiltration at the site of LPS injection into the rabbit skin, suggesting that IL-8 is essential in the recruitment of neutrophils at sites of acute inflammation in vivo.
Microseismic Deformation Rate Monitoring (2008)

Abstract Microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fractures is an important tool for imaging fracture networks and optimizing the reservoir engineering of the stimulation. The range of magnitudes of the recorded microseisms depends at the lower limit on the array sensitivity; while the upper limit varies significantly from site to site. In this paper the variation in the microseismic magnitude range is examined and compared with the injection and site characteristics. Although there are numerous potential factors effecting the seismic deformation, the energy of the pumping and state of stress appear to be the two dominant factors. However, interaction with pre-existing faults also results in increased deformation. Ultimately, this can potentially be used to design the stimulation to maximize the deformation. Characterization of the seismogenic potential is also important for seismic hazard assessment, as well as the design of passive monitoring.
Structure of the Regulatory Complex of Escherichia coli III Glc with Glycerol Kinase (1993)

The phosphocarrier protein IIIGlc is an integral component of the bacterial phosphotransferase (PTS) system. Unphosphorylated IIIGlc inhibits non-PTS carbohydrate transport systems by binding to diverse target proteins. The crystal structure at 2.6 A resolution of one of the targets, glycerol kinase (GK), in complex with unphosphorylated IIIGlc, glycerol, and adenosine diphosphate was determined. GK contains a region that is topologically identical to the adenosine triphosphate binding domains of hexokinase, the 70-kD heat shock cognate, and actin. IIIGlc binds far from the catalytic site of GK, indicating that long-range conformational changes mediate the inhibition of GK by IIIGlc. GK and IIIGlc are bound by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, with only one hydrogen bond involving an uncharged group. The phosphorylation site of IIIGlc, His90, is buried in a hydrophobic environment formed by the active site region of IIIGlc and a 3(10) helix of GK, suggesting that phosphorylation prevents IIIGlc binding to GK by directly disrupting protein-protein interactions.
Proteins: Structures and Molecular Properties (1986)

Chemical Properties of Polypeptides Biosynthesis of Proteins Evolutionary and Genetic Origins of Protein Sequences Physical Interactions that Determine the Properties of Proteins Conformational Properties of Polypeptide Chains The Folded Conformations of Globular Proteins Proteins in Solution and in Membranes Interactions with Other Molecules Enzyme Catalysis Degradation Appendix: References to Protein Structures Determined Crystallographically to High Resolution
Phosphorylation of a 51‐kDa envelope membrane polypeptide involved in protein translocation into chloroplasts (1988)

In this report we demonstrate that a 51-kDa outer-envelope membrane protein (P51) is involved in protein translocation into chloroplasts. Furthermore it is shown that phosphorylation of P51 is functionally related to the process of binding and/or importing precursor proteins into chloroplasts. Several lines of evidence have been obtained supporting this suggestion. First, protein import into chloroplasts was inhibited by the membrane-impermeable agent pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, which has been shown to react with a component of the protein-import apparatus. Phosphorylation of envelope membrane polypeptides using [gamma-32P]ATP in the presence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate resulted in an increased incorporation of 32P radiolabel into a 51-kDa membrane polypeptide (P51). A close correlation between the inhibition of protein import and the increase in the phosphorylation state of P51, both as a function of PLP concentration, was observed. Second, binding of purified precursor proteins to chloroplasts resulted in a specific increase in the phosphorylation state of P51. This effect was not exerted by the mature form of the precursor protein lacking the presequence. Third, internally generated ATP was able to compete specifically with externally added [gamma-32P]ATP for the phosphorylation of P51. Fourth, digestion of the outer-envelope membrane with low amounts of thermolysin resulted in a loss of protein import activity, which was associated with the removal of the phosphorylation site of P51. Phosphorylation of P51 proceeds with an apparent Km (ATP) of about 5 microM, which is much lower than the ATP concentration required for the protein translocation itself. We suggest that two different ATP-dependent processes are involved in protein translocation into chloroplasts. P51 represent presumably a regulatory component of the protein-import apparatus or the protein receptor itself.
Biosynthesis of the polysialic acid capsule inEscherichia coli K1 (1995)

The extracellular polysaccharides elaborated by most or all bacterial species function in cell-to-cell and cell-substratum adhesion, cell signaling, and avoidance or inhibition of noxious agents in animal hosts or free-living environments. Recent advances in our understanding of exopolysaccharide synthesis have been facilitated by comparative approaches in both plant and animal pathogens, as well as in microorganisms of industrial importance. One of the best understood of these systems is the kps locus for polysialic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli K1. The genes for sialic acid synthesis, activation, polymerization and translocation have been identified and assigned at least tentative functions in the synthetic and export pathways. Initial studies of kps thermoregulation suggest that genetic control mechanisms will be involved which are distinct from those already described for several other exopolysaccharides. Information about the common as well as unique features of polysialic acid biosynthesis will increase our knowledge of microbial cell surfaces which in turn may suggest novel targets for therapeutic or industrial interventions.
Cleavage of the Escherichia coli lexA protein by the recA protease. (1980)

The recA and lexA proteins of EScherichia coli are involved in a complex regulatory circuit that allows the expression of a diverse set of functions after DNA damage or inhibition of DNA replication. Exponentially growing cells contain a low level of recA protein, and genetic evidence suggests that lexA protein is involved in its regulation, perhaps as a simple repressor. Recent models for recA derepression after DNA damage have suggested that an early event in this process is the proteolytic cleavage of lexA protein, leading to high-level expression of recA. We present several lines of evidence that the specific protease activity of the recA protein, previously described with the lambda repressor as substrate, is capable of cleaving the wild-type lexA+ protein. First, lexA protein can be cleaved in vitro under the same conditions as prevously described for lambda repressor cleavage in a reaction requring both recA protease and ATP or an analogue, adenosine 5'-[lambda-thio]-triphosphate. Second, lexA protein can be observed in vivo as a physical entity after infection with lambda lexA+ transducing phage of host strains containing ittle or no active protease, but not in strains containing high levels of active protease. Finally, infection of host cells containing active protease with a lambda lexA+ transducing phage does not lead to repression of recA, but does so in cells lacking active protease. In all of these conditions the mutant lexA3 protein is largely resistant to inactivation or cleavage; this resistance can explain the dominant phenotype of lexA3 over lexA+. We discuss models for recA derepression and re-establishment of repression which propose that modulation of the protease activity of recA protein regulates both of these transitions.
Targeted therapeutic approach for an anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo (2008)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is among the most aggressive human malignancies, being responsible for the majority of thyroid cancer-related deaths. Despite multimodal therapy including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the outcome of ATC is poor. The human ATC cell line MB1, derived from tumor tissue of a 57-year-old man with thyroid cancer and pronounced neutrophilia, was established from surgically excised tumor tissue. The karyotype of the cell line shows many chromosomal abnormalities. Preclinical investigations have shown antitumor activity and effectiveness of the BRAF kinase inhibitor Sorafenib and the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib. After establishment of the MB1 cell line these agents were applied in vitro and, showing activity in a cell culture model, were also used for in vivo treatment. Sorafenib had some clinical effect, namely normalization of leucocytosis, but had no sustained impact on subsequent tumor growth and development of distant metastasis. Molecular diagnostics of the tumor demonstrated no BRAF mutations in exons 11 and 15 concordant with a rather modest effect of Sorafenib on MB1 cell growth. Clinical benefit was seen with subsequent bortezomib therapy inducing a temporary halt to lymph node growth and a progression-free interval of 7 weeks. Our observations together with previous data from preclinical models could serve as a rationale for selecting those patients suffering from ATC most likely to benefit from targeted therapy. A prospective controlled randomized trial integrating kinase and proteasome inhibitors into a therapeutic regime for ATC is warranted.
Efficient recompression techniques for dynamic full-text retrieval systems (1995)

An efficient variant of an optimal algorithm is presented, which, in the context of a large dynamic fulltext information retrieval system, reorganizes data that has been compressed by an on-the-fly compression method based on LZ77, into a more compact form, without changing the decoding procedure. The algorithm accelerates a known technique based on a reduction to a graph-theoretic problem, by reducing the size of the graph, without affecting the optimality of the solution. The new method can thus effectively improve any dictionary compression scheme using a static encoding method.
Fluorescence-, isotope- or biotin-labeling of the 5'-end of single-stranded DNA/RNA using T4 RNA ligase (1997)

A rapid 5'-labeling method of single-stranded DNA/RNA was developed, which is based on the utilization of an adenylated intermediate in the reaction of T4 RNA ligase. This method is commonly useful for fluorescence-, isotope- or biotin-labeling of the 5'-ends of both oligo- and polynucleotides.
Non-Platinum Chemotherapeutic Metallopharmaceuticals (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNon-Platinum Chemotherapeutic MetallopharmaceuticalsMichael J. Clarke, Fuchun Zhu, and Dominic R. FrascaView Author Information Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 9, 2511–2534Publication Date (Web):July 30, 1999Publication History Received3 February 1999Revised14 June 1999Published online30 July 1999Published inissue 8 September 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9804238Copyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views4135Altmetric-Citations790LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (320 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cancer,Cells,Genetics,Metals,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Activity of the Dual Kinase Inhibitor Lapatinib (GW572016) against HER-2-Overexpressing and Trastuzumab-Treated Breast Cancer Cells (2006)

Lapatinib (GW572016) is a selective inhibitor of both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-2 tyrosine kinases. Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of lapatinib by testing its effect on tumor cell growth in a panel of 31 characterized human breast cancer cell lines, including trastuzumab-conditioned HER-2-positive cell lines. We further characterize its activity in combination with trastuzumab and analyze whether EGFR and HER-2 expression or changes induced in the activation of EGFR, HER-2, Raf, AKT, or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) are markers of drug activity. We report that concentration-dependent antiproliferative effects of lapatinib were seen in all breast cancer cell lines tested but varied significantly between individual cell lines with up to 1,000-fold difference in the IC(50)s (range, 0.010-18.6 micromol/L). Response to lapatinib was significantly correlated with HER-2 expression and its ability to inhibit HER-2, Raf, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation. Long-term in vivo lapatinib studies were conducted with human breast cancer xenografts in athymic mice. Treatment over 77 days resulted in a sustained and significant reduction in xenograft volume compared with untreated controls. For the combination of lapatinib plus trastuzumab, synergistic drug interactions were observed in four different HER-2-overexpressing cell lines. Moreover, lapatinib retained significant in vitro activity against cell lines selected for long-term outgrowth (>9 months) in trastuzumab-containing (100 microg/mL) culture medium. These observations provide a clear biological rationale to test lapatinib as a single agent or in combination with trastuzumab in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer and in patients with clinical resistance to trastuzumab.
Biocompatibility of Cerium Oxide Films Synthesized by Dual Plasma Deposition (2007)

Cerium oxide films have been fabricated using dual plasma deposition. X-ray diffraction. (XRD) reveals a crystalline phase and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that La exists predominantly in the +4 oxidation state. The activated partial thromboplastin time is longer than that of blood plasma and stainless steel. Furthermore, the numbers of adhered, aggregated and morphologically changed platelets are reduced compared to low-temperature isotropic carbon (LTIC). HUVEC cells exhibit good adhesion and proliferation behavior on cerium oxide films. This study suggests rare earth oxide films are potential blood-contacting biomedical materials.
The Effect of Spironolactone on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Severe Heart Failure (1999)

Blockade of aldosterone receptors by spironolactone, in addition to standard therapy, substantially reduces the risk of both morbidity and death among patients with severe heart failure.
Mycosis fungoides and the Sézary syndrome: a review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. (1991)

Mycosis fungoides (MF) and the Sézary syndrome (SS) are non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a T-cell phenotype, which have cutaneous involvement as their predominant feature. These disorders are becoming more common, and the patients are frequently being referred to medical oncologists for assistance in management. The development of advanced laboratory techniques, such as molecular genetics and cell-surface phenotyping, has greatly enhanced our understanding of their pathogenesis and may lead to identification of responsible etiologic factors. A myriad of treatment options have been investigated including topical approaches, systemic chemotherapy, and external radiation. Currently, extensive trials are underway examining the potential benefits of agents such as the interferons, interleukin-2, monoclonal antibodies, the retinoids, 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, and other novel biologic response modifiers or chemotherapeutics. Although all these therapies have benefit in phase II trials, few randomized comparative trials have been performed to identify optimal therapies. Performance of such trials should now become a priority.
One-pot preparation of graphene/Fe3O4 composites by a solvothermal reaction (2010)

A one-pot solvothermal reaction was used to prepare graphene/Fe3O4 composites using graphite oxide and FeCl3·6H2O as starting materials. Graphene oxide was reduced to graphene and the Fe3O4 microspheres were simultaneously grown on the carbon basal planes under the conditions generated in the solvothermal system. The product showed a high crystallinity of magnetite and a considerable saturation magnetization. The size and density of the Fe3O4 microspheres distributed on the graphene can be easily controlled by altering the starting Fe3+ concentration. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was loaded on to the graphene/Fe3O4 composites by simple mixing, and a saturation loading capacity as high as 65% could be achieved.
The mechanism of replication of hepatitis B virus: Evidence of asymmetric replication of the two DNA strands (1984)

In this study we have characterised the DNA replicative intermediates of hepatitis B virus and have shown that HBV-DNA replication is asymmetric. This pattern of HBV replication is similar to that reported for the related duck hepatitis virus (DHBV) and suggests the involvement of a similar reverse transcription process in HBV-DNA replication.
A social network caught in the Web (2003)

We present an analysis of Club Nexus, an online community at Stanford University. Through the Nexus site we were able to study a reflection of the real world community structure within the student body. We observed and measured social network phenomena such as the small world effect, clustering, and the strength of weak ties. Using the rich profile data provided by the users we were able to deduce the attributes contributing to the formation of friendships, and to determine how the similarity of users decays as the distance between them in the network increases. In addition, we found correlations between users' personalities and their other attributes, as well as interesting correspondences between how users perceive themselves and how they are perceived by others.
A computer simulation analysis of conventional and trunked land mobile radio for a system with a small number of user groups (2003)

Trunked land mobile radio (LMR) systems, currently being developed by several companies, allow many groups of LMR users to share a set of channels dynamically, reducing the total number of channels needed to support these groups. These systems also support dynamic regrouping, reassigning individual users to different groups through software in the controlling computer. The authors discuss a computer model of existing military LMR networks on Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) and a model of a hypothetical trunked system for the base. Data were collected from the air monitoring of LMR nets and were used to determine numerical values of various parameters. These values were input to the computer models to determine the time required for a user to obtain a channel while traffic load and (for the trunked model) user grouping were varied to simulate various conditions. A five-channel (one data, four voice) trunked system was found to support WPAFB adequately, even with an increase in LMR traffic. With proper user grouping, trunked system performance is shown to be superior to that of the existing conventional system design and suggests a promising network design for military use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dose-dependent Biphasic Activity of tRNA Synthetase-associating Factor, p43, in Angiogenesis (2002)

Mammalian aminoacyl tRNA synthetases form a macromolecular protein complex with three non-enzymatic cofactors. Among these factors, p43 is also secreted to work as a cytokine on endothelial as well as immune cells. Here we investigated the activity of p43 in angiogenesis and determined the related mediators. It promoted the migration of endothelial cells at low dose but induced their apoptosis at high dose. p43 at low concentration activated extracellular signal-regulating kinase, which resulted in the induction and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. In contrast, p43 at high concentration activated Jun N-terminal kinase, which mediated apoptosis of endothelial cells. These results suggest that p43 is a novel cytokine playing a dose-dependent biphasic role in angiogenesis.
Solid-Supported Synthesis of Glycoconjugates (2009)

Carbohydrate-protein interactions play a major-role in recognition of cells by external macromolecules. Single saccharide ligands, however, bind only weakly to their protein receptors. Sufficient affinity is achieved by appropriate mutual orientation of the saccharide epitopes and their protein receptors, which allows multiple simultaneous interactions. Solid-supported methods allowing synthesis of multiantennary glycoconjugates have, hence, been under active development. The present paper is a review of the solid-phase protocols useful for preparation of glycoconjugates.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque in Clinically Suspected Acute Transient Ischemic Attack and Acute Ischemic Stroke (2010)

In situ type VI carotid bifurcation region plaque identified by magnetic resonance imaging is associated with ipsilateral acute TIA/IS as an independent identifier of events, thereby supporting the dominant disease pathophysiology.