gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic annotation of human actions in video (2009)

This paper addresses the problem of automatic temporal annotation of realistic human actions in video using minimal manual supervision. To this end we consider two associated problems: (a) weakly-supervised learning of action models from readily available annotations, and (b) temporal localization of human actions in test videos. To avoid the prohibitive cost of manual annotation for training, we use movie scripts as a means of weak supervision. Scripts, however, provide only implicit, noisy, and imprecise information about the type and location of actions in video. We address this problem with a kernel-based discriminative clustering algorithm that locates actions in the weakly-labeled training data. Using the obtained action samples, we train temporal action detectors and apply them to locate actions in the raw video data. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method for weakly-supervised learning of action models leads to significant improvement in action detection. We present detection results for three action classes in four feature length movies with challenging and realistic video data.
Role for Thromboxane Receptors in Angiotensin-II–Induced Hypertension (2004)

To evaluate the role of thromboxane in hypertension and its complications, we studied mice with targeted disruption of the TXA2 receptor gene in an angiotensin-II-dependent model of hypertension. To determine whether genetic background might alter the physiological actions of the TP receptor, we studied two lines of TP knockout (Tp-/-) mice with distinct genetic backgrounds (C57BL/6 and BALB/c). During chronic angiotensin II infusion (1000 ng/kg per minute x 28 days by subcutaneous osmotic pump), TP deficiency prevented mortality in the C57BL/6 background but not in the BALB/c strain. Chronic angiotensin II infusion also caused a rapid and significant increase in blood pressure in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and BALB/c animals, which was significantly attenuated in Tp-/- mice on either background. After 28 days of infusion, cardiac hypertrophy only occurred in the C57BL/6 strain: heart/body weight ratio increased by 57%+/-8% in WT mice compared with 17%+/-6.5% for the Tp-/- mice (P<0.01). Chronic angiotensin II infusion caused albuminuria only in the C57BL/6 strain, and TP deficiency did not alter its development. Cyclooxygenase-1 knockout mice also had attenuated blood pressure increase during chronic angiotensin II infusion, suggesting that cyclooxygenase-1 metabolites are involved in angiotensin-II-dependent hypertension. Thus, on the C57BL/6 background, TP receptors contribute to cardiac hypertrophy but not proteinuria. However, irrespective of genetic background, the TP receptor makes a robust contribution to the pathogenesis of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension.
Nano-Laminated Alloys for Improved Return on Oilfield Assets (2016)

ABSTRACT Nano-laminated metallic claddings is an emerging technology that is being used to generate products with material property combinations heretofore not possible. Through a patented electrochemical controlled deposition process, Modumetal produces precisely defined configurations of layered metal alloys that can be applied to a variety of substrates or as near net shape parts. The deposition process can be controlled to produce nano-scale layers with unique interfacial properties resulting in corrosion resistance, elastic modulus, strength, hardness, and fracture toughness combinations uniquely different from conventional material processing. Oil and gas equipment is constantly exposed to corrosive elements that threaten asset longevity and productivity. Corrosion and wear of equipment such as tubulars, downhole artificial lift systems and pumps, leads to production decline over time and ultimately to expensive repairs and operational downtime, all of which negatively impact companies' bottom lines. Until now, the most common fixes to combat pipeline corrosion required a sacrifice of either performance or cost. On one hand, more corrosion-resistant equipment coated with expensive materials like tungsten carbide coatings or high nickel containing steels can be installed at considerable cost. Alternatively, lower-performance materials like carbon steel or organic coatings can be applied, with the understanding that more frequent replacements will be needed. This paper presents a novel class of materials, called nano-laminated alloys that are based on the same conventional materials used today in galvanizing or metal coatings, but configured into nano-laminated structures that deliver significantly higher performance at a price that is competitive with conventional metals and coatings. Calling on data from field tests carried out in collaboration with Chevron in various onshore fields in the Mid-Continent Region, this paper illustrates how nano-laminated alloys achieve higher performance than traditional alloys at comparable costs. The presentation will include a performance and economics data-rich comparison of nano-laminated alloy coating performance and cost with conventional steels and coatings. Two case studies are presented for downhole tubulars and downhole plunger lift systems. These case studies represent the conclusions of actual field trials. Results of these case studies review the up-front cost of the nano-laminated product installation, performance comparison both in lab and field trials and return on investment calculation for the nano-laminated products in the field environment.
Ancylobacter (2015)

Abstract An'cy.lo.bac'ter. Gr. adj. ankylos sharply curved; Gr. n. bakterion rod; M.L. masc. n. Ancylobacter a curved rod. Curved rods , 0.3–1.0 × 1.0–3.0 µm. Rings (0.9–3.0 µm outer diameter) occasionally formed prior to cell separation. Coiled, helical, and filamentous forms are not produced. Cells are encapsulated. Resting stages not known. Some strains produce gas vacuoles . Gram negative. Generally nonmotile , but motility occurs in one gas vacuolate strain by means of a single polar flagellum. Obligately aerobic , possessing a strictly respiratory type of metabolism, with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Optimal temperature, 22–37°C. Colonies are translucent to opaque and white to cream colored. Pellicles are produced in liquid media. Oxidase positive . Catalase positive. Chemoorganotrophic, using a variety of sugars or salts of organic acids as carbon sources. Chemolithotrophic growth has been reported on molecular hydrogen. Strains that have been tested can use methanol and formate ( facultatively methylotrophic ). Occur in soil and freshwater environments. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 66–69 (Bd). Type species : Ancylobacter aquaticus (Ørskov 1928) Raj 1983, 297 ( Microcyclus aquaticus Ørskov 1928, 128.) Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Ancylobacter is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Pseudomonadota / Alphaproteobacteria / Hyphomicrobiales / Xanthobacteraceae / Ancylobacter The genus Ancylobacter can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Ancylobacter (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Pseudomonadota / c__Alphaproteobacteria / o__Rhizobiales / f__Xanthobacteraceae / g__Ancylobacter * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
Characterization of human cytomegalovirus UL84 early gene and identification of its putative protein product (1992)

The DNA sequence and transcription pattern of human cytomegalovirus early gene UL84 were analyzed. This gene was mapped within a 2.6-kb PstI fragment located between 0.534 and 0.545 map unit of the large unique segment of the human cytomegalovirus genome, which is adjacent to the pp65 and pp71 genes. A 2.0-kb mRNA was transcribed from this region in the same leftward direction as the mRNAs of the pp65 and pp71 genes. The message was first detected at 2.5 h postinfection and reached a maximal level between 72 and 96 h postinfection. The nucleotide sequences of the 2.6-kb PstI genomic DNA fragment and the cDNA derived from this region were determined. The resulting data revealed a polyadenylation signal (AATAAA) located 14 nucleotides upstream from the poly(A) tail of the cDNA and a 1,761-bp open reading frame capable of encoding a 65-kDa polypeptide. A potential leucine zipper was found in the N-terminal half of the peptide molecule between amino acids 114 and 135. In addition, a different periodic leucine repeat with leucine at every eighth position was found between amino acids 325 and 373. The transcriptional initiation site of this early gene was determined by primer extension analysis. A putative TATA box (TATTTAA) located 24 bp upstream of the cap site and several inverted repeats were found in the region further upstream of the TATA box. To test whether the open reading frame of this cDNA encodes a virus-specific protein, the cDNA was overexpressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein used to generate antibodies in rabbits. A protein with a molecular size of 65 kDa was detected in the infected-cell extracts harvested at 6 to 72 h postinfection, but not in purified virions, using immunoblot analysis. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic fluorescences were found at late stages of virus infection. From the results obtained, we postulate that UL84 may be a stable, virus-specific, nonstructural protein capable of forming a homo- or heterodimeric molecule.
Automatic Generation of Melodic Accompaniments for Lyrics (2012)

Music and speech are two realms predominately species-specific to humans, and many human creative endeavors involve these two modalities. The pairing of music and spoken text can heighten the emotional and cognitive impact of both- the complete song being much more compelling than either the lyrics or the accompaniment alone. This work describes a system that is able to automatically generate and evaluate musical accompaniments for a given set of lyrics. It derives the rhythm for the melodic accompaniment from the cadence of the text. Pitches are generated through the use of n-gram models constructed from melodies of songs with a similar style. This system is able to generate pleasing melodies that fit well with the text of the lyrics, often doing so at a level similar to that of human ability.
Amino acid sequence of the FV region of a human monoclonal IgM (NOV) with specificity for the capsular polysaccharide of the group B meningococcus and of Escherichia coli K1, which cross-reacts with polynucleotides and with denatured DNA (1991)

The complete amino acid sequences of the VH and VL regions of a biologically significant Ig, IgMNOV, were determined. IgMNOV is reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of the group B meningococcus and of Escherichia coli K1. As reported earlier, it cross-reacts completely with polynucleotides poly(A) and poly(I) and to a lesser extent with denatured DNA and protects newborn rats against infection with E. coli K1, and is equal in potency to the standard horse anti-group B meningococcal serum. The reduced and alkylated chains were sequenced directly, identifying the L chain as lambda-subgroup II and the mu-H chain as subgroup III. The complete sequence of the VL region was determined by sequencing peptides generated by cleavage with Staphylococcus aureus protease, chymotrypsin, and trypsin. The H chain was cleaved with cyanogen bromide followed by enzymatic cleavages to obtain a large part of the VH region sequence. The structure was completed by sequencing tryptic peptides of the Fab fragment and by mass-spectrometric analysis.
Effects of astragaloside IV on myocardial calcium transport and cardiac function in ischemic rats. (2002)

XGA improves the cardiac function in ischemic rats, and the reduction of excessive accumulation of intracellular calcium within myocardial cells plays an important role.
Metal‐Free Activation of CO2 by Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride (2007)

Doubly useful: The use of a mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4) as a heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst enabled the direct activation of CO2 and the oxidation of benzene to phenol (see picture). The formed CO can be used in situ for subsequent reactions, as is shown for a Pauson–Khand reaction. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z603478_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders Employing Nanoparticles (2012)

Nanoparticles could potentially revolutionise treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and strokes. Nanotechnologies hold great promise in brain therapy as they protect the therapeutic agent and allow its sustained release; the nanoparticles can be used as gene delivery vehicles. The application of neurotrophic factors is able to modulate neuronal survival and synaptic connectivity and it is a promising therapeutic approach for many neurodegenerative diseases, however, due to limitations posed by the restrictive blood brain barrier (BBB), it is very difficult to ensure long-term administration in the brain. Drug delivery to the brain remains the major challenge for the treatment of all neurodegenerative diseases because of the numerous protective barriers surrounding the central nervous system (CNS). New therapeutics with the capacity to cross the BBB is critically needed for treatment of these diseases. In recent years, nanotechnology had patented new formulations and has evolved as a new treatment for brain diseases, especially for neurodegenerative diseases, where genetically engineered cells can be used to deliver specific growth factors to target cells. Overall, the aim of this review is to summarize the last patents, clinical trials and news related with nanoparticles technology for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Studies on the oligosaccharide chains of human alpha 1-protease inhibitor. I. Isolation of glycopeptides. (1980)

Cyanogen bromide fragments of alpha 1-protease inhibitor (PI) were chromatographed on Sephadex G-75. Three fragments (CNBr-I, -II, and -III) contained carbohydrates with nearly the same composition, i.e. Man3, Gal2-3, (GlcNAc)4-5, and (NeuAc)2-3. These three fragments were digested with pronase, and the glycopeptides were purified by column chromatography on Sephadex G-50, Bio-Gel P-4, and DEAE-cellulose. The carbohydrate and amino acid compositions of the glycopeptides obtained by these treatments demonstrated that oligosaccharide side chains are attached to three asparaginyl residues which are located in separate regions of the polypeptide chain, and that the carbohydrate chains are made of two different carbohydrate compositions. The A-chain consists of Man3, Gal2, (GlcNAc)4, and (NeuAc)2, and the B-chain consists of Man3, Gal3, (GlcNAc)5, and (NeuAc)3. CNBr-III contained only A-type oligosaccharide while CNBr-II contained both A-type and B-type oligosaccharides in a ratio of about 2:1. CNBr-I, derived from the NH2 terminus of PI, contained mainly A-type, but also some B-type oligosaccharide.
Infectious Transcripts from Cloned Genome-Length cDNA of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (1998)

The 5'-terminal end of the genomic RNA of the Lelystad virus isolate (LV) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was determined. To construct full-length cDNA clones, the 5'-terminal sequence was ligated to cDNA clones covering the complete genome of LV. When RNA that was transcribed in vitro from these full-length cDNA clones was transfected into BHK-21 cells, infectious LV was produced and secreted. The virus was rescued by passage to porcine alveolar lung macrophages or CL2621 cells. When infectious transcripts were transfected to porcine alveolar lung macrophages or CL2621 cells, no infectious virus was produced due to the poor transfection efficiency of these cells. The growth properties of the viruses produced by BHK-21 cells transfected with infectious transcripts of LV cDNA resembled the growth properties of the parental virus from which the cDNA was derived. Two nucleotide changes leading to a unique PacI restriction site directly downstream of the ORF7 gene were introduced in the genome-length cDNA clone. The virus recovered from this mutated cDNA clone retained the PacI site, which confirmed the de novo generation of infectious LV from cloned cDNA. These results indicate that the infectious clone of LV enables us to mutagenize the viral genome at specific sites and that it will therefore be useful for detailed molecular characterization of the virus, as well as for the development of a safe and effective live vaccine for use in pigs.
Functional programming with structured graphs (2012)

This paper presents a new functional programming model for graph structures called structured graphs. Structured graphs extend conventional algebraic datatypes with explicit definition and manipulation of cycles and/or sharing, and offer a practical and convenient way to program graphs in functional programming languages like Haskell. The representation of sharing and cycles (edges) employs recursive binders and uses an encoding inspired by parametric higher-order abstract syntax. Unlike traditional approaches based on mutable references or node/edge lists, well-formedness of the graph structure is ensured statically and reasoning can be done with standard functional programming techniques. Since the binding structure is generic, we can define many useful generic combinators for manipulating structured graphs. We give applications and show how to reason about structured graphs.
Increased Sensitivity to Cisplatin in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines after FHIT Gene Transfer (2006)

To evaluate the relevance of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) status in relation to drug treatment, we analyzed the sensitivity of the Fhit-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line NCI-H460 to different drugs, after treatment with an adenoviral vector expressing the FHIT transgene. Expression of Fhit resulted in reduced sensitivity to etoposide, doxorubicin, and topotecan. This feature was associated with Fhit-induced downregulation of DNA topoisomerases I and II. In contrast, expression of Fhit did not modulate sensitivity to Taxol, but produced a slight increase in sensitivity to cisplatin, as shown by colony-forming assays. Analysis of apoptosis revealed that, after cisplatin exposure, the number of apoptotic cells was two-fold higher in Fhit-expressing H460 cells. Moreover, it appeared that wildtype p53 was required for sensitization to cisplatin because the effect was marginal in A549 and Calu-1 cells, where the p53 pathway is altered and simultaneous restoration of p53 and Fhit in Calu-1 cells increased cisplatin sensitivity. Fhit could also partially restore sensitivity to cisplatin in Bcl-2- and Bcl-x(L)-overexpressing H460 cells that are normally resistant to this drug. Our results support the possible relevance of FHIT in cisplatin-based chemotherapy as well as in the reversal of drug resistance in NSCLC.
Seraphim: An Active Security Architecture for Active Networks (1999)

Security is of critical importance to the success of active networking. In addition, we argue that active security based on active networking principles can offer a wide range of opportunities to build better security systems. This paper describes an extensible, reconfigurable security architecture based on active networking that is flexible and accommodates a wide variety of security policies and mechanisms. It provides users the ability to dynamically create and enforce highly customized and situational policies for their applications. Active security also permits security systems to react to intrusion and can aid the application of the need-to-know security principle to network software and application security. We describe a prototype implementation of an active security architecture that allows us to create dynamic security policies. Using these policies we show innovative applications that let us explore and discover the nature and scope of ``dynamic security''''. The implementation forms the basis for exploring complex issues including interoperability, mobility, and portability.
LRP1 shedding in human brain: roles of ADAM10 and ADAM17 (2009)

Our results demonstrate that LRP1 is shed by ADAM10 and ADAM17 and functional sLRP1 is abundantly present in human brain and CSF. Dysregulated LRP1 shedding during aging could alter its function and may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.
Video Instance Segmentation (2019)

In this paper we present a new computer vision task, named video instance segmentation. The goal of this new task is simultaneous detection, segmentation and tracking of instances in videos. In words, it is the first time that the image instance segmentation problem is extended to the video domain. To facilitate research on this new task, we propose a large-scale benchmark called YouTube-VIS, which consists of 2883 high-resolution YouTube videos, a 40-category label set and 131k high-quality instance masks. In addition, we propose a novel algorithm called MaskTrack R-CNN for this task. Our new method introduces a new tracking branch to Mask R-CNN to jointly perform the detection, segmentation and tracking tasks simultaneously. Finally, we evaluate the proposed method and several strong baselines on our new dataset. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm and reveal insight for future improvement. We believe the video instance segmentation task will motivate the community along the line of research for video understanding.
The capacity to retrieve escaped ER proteins extends to the trans-most cisterna of the Golgi stack. (1995)

To explore how far into the Golgi stack the capacity to retrieve KDEL proteins extends, we have introduced an exogenous probe (the peptide YHPNSTCSEKDEL) into the TGN of living cells. For this purpose, a CHO cell line expressing a c-myc-tagged version of the transmembrane protein TGN38--which cycles between the TGN and the cell surface--was generated. The cells internalized peptides that were disulfide bonded to anti-myc antibodies and accumulated the peptide-antibody complexes in the TGN. Peptides released from these complexes underwent retrograde transport to the ER, as evidenced by the transfer of N-linked carbohydrate to their acceptor site. The KDEL-tagged glycopeptides (approximately 10% of the endocytosed load) behaved like endogenous ER residents: they stayed intracellular, and their oligosaccharide side chains remained sensitive to endoglycosidase H. An option thus exists to extract ER residents even at the most distant pole of the Golgi stack, suggesting that sorting of resident from exported ER proteins may occur in a multistage process akin to fractional distillation.