gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Vacuum-Assisted Closure Device as a Bridge to Sternal Wound Closure (2001)

Sixteen patients were treated for sternal wound infections after undergoing cardiac procedures. Their management involved prompt surgical debridement and quantitative wound biopsies. At the time of the initial debridement, the Vacuum-Assisted Closure Device (V.A.C.) was placed in the open sternal wound. A subatmospheric environment was maintained by the device at a level of 75 to 150 mmHg. The V.A.C. sponge was changed every 2 to 3 days, and operative debridement was performed until quantitative biopsies showed resolution of infection or until systemic signs of sepsis had resolved. At this time the sternal wounds were closed with regional muscle flaps. Patients were excluded from the use of the device if the pleural cavity was entered during operative debridement. Fifteen of the 16 patients survived and went on to complete wound healing and discharge from the hospital (average length of stay, 16.7 days). One patient sustained a cardiac dysrhythmia during the muscle flap procedure and died. There were no complications related directly to the use of the V.A.C. It is the opinion of the authors that the V.A.C. offers several advantages over their traditional methods of treatment. They noted improvement in sternal wound stabilization during the perioperative period and a decreased need for paralysis and mechanical ventilation. Wound management was improved by avoiding the need to perform debridement or to make desiccating dressing changes to an open sternum. Moreover, they also think that this device may lessen the risk for ventricular rupture because of better control of the wound environment and markedly improved stabilization of the debrided sternal elements.
Catalytic Life of Activated Factor XIII in Thrombi (2000)

FXIIIa cross-links alpha(2)AP and an alpha(2)AP peptide, in a sequence-specific manner, into formed clots with a catalytic half-life of approximately 20 minutes. This indicates that FXIIIa activity is a hallmark of new thrombi and that the antifibrinolytic cross-linking effects of FXIIIa are achieved more rapidly in thrombi than previously believed.
A novel differentiation antigen on proliferating murine thymocytes identified by a rat monoclonal antibody. (1984)

A surface antigen on the mouse lymphoma cell line EL-4 has been identified by a rat monoclonal antibody. The antigen, YE1/7.1, is strongly expressed on at least two other T lymphoma cell lines, BW5147 and MBL-2, but not on several Thy-1-lymphoid cell lines. This antigen is not significantly expressed on normal adult thymocytes, spleen cells, bone marrow cells, or mitogen-activated T and B cells as tested by radioimmunoassay or fluorescence analysis using flow cytometry. Whether a small number (up to 5%) of very weakly positive cells in Con A-stimulated spleen cell populations represent a unique subpopulation is unknown. This antigen is, however, demonstrable on a subpopulation of fetal thymocytes as well as on mitogen-activated adult thymocytes. When adult thymocytes are separated by agglutination with peanut agglutinin (PNA) into PNA+ and PNA-, and stimulated with Con A in the presence of Con A culture supernatant, YE1/7.1 antigen is expressed on the majority of stimulated PNA+ cells but only weakly on a small proportion of PNA- cells. It therefore seems likely that the YE1/7.1 is a differentiation antigen expressed on a population of proliferating immature thymocytes. Immunoprecipitation of the antigen from the surface of iodinated EL-4 cells shows it to have an apparent m.w. of 60,000 under reducing and nonreducing conditions.
MPI's Reduction Operations in Clustered Wide Area Systems. (1999)

The emergence of meta computers and computational grids makes it feasible to run parallel programs on large-scale, geographically distributed computer systems. Writing parallel applications for such systems is a challenging task which may require changes to the communication structure of the applications. MPI’s collective operations (such as broadcast and reduce) allow for some of these changes to be hidden from the applications programmer. We have developed MAGPIE, a library of collective communication operations optimized for wide area systems. MAGPIE’s algorithms are designed to send the minimal amount of data over the slow wide area links, and to only incur a single wide area latency. This paper discusses MPI’s collective reduction operations. Compared to systems that do not take the topology into account, such as MPICH, large performance improvements are possible. For larger messages, best performance is achieved when the reduction function is associative. On moderate cluster sizes, using a wide area latency of 10 millisecond and a bandwidth of 1 MByte/s, operations execute up to 8 times faster than MPICH; application kernels improve by up to a factor of 3. Due to the structure of our algorithms, the advantage increases for higher wide area latencies.
Skip Context Tree Switching (2014)

Context Tree Weighting is a powerful proba-bilistic sequence prediction technique that effi-ciently performs Bayesian model averaging over the class of all prediction suffix trees of bounded depth. In this paper we show how to generalize this technique to the class of K-skip prediction suffix trees. Contrary to regular prediction suffix trees,K-skip prediction suffix trees are permitted to ignore up toK contiguous portions of the con-text. This allows for significant improvements in predictive accuracy when irrelevant variables are present, a case which often occurs within record-aligned data and images. We provide a regret-based analysis of our approach, and empirically evaluate it on the Calgary corpus and a set of Atari 2600 screen prediction tasks. 1.
Total carbonyls and phenols in experimental burley and bright tobacco (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal carbonyls and phenols in experimental burley and bright tobaccoRoger A. Andersen, T. C. Tso, and James F. ChaplinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1979, 27, 4, 891–895Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60224a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60224a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A declarative approach to a user-centric markup language for location-based services (2009)

Location-based Services are gaining more and more users and are available on a broad set of mobile devices. Due to their complexity such services are currently only provided by large organizations that use their own proprietary specifications thus leaving the full potential untapped. As seen during the development of the World Wide Web a tremendous growth can be achieved by enabling end-users to create services on their own. In this paper we present a platform independent markup language comprising a tool box of standard functions allowing end-users to easily design and exchange innovative location-based services. Besides its simplicity it also enables larger organizations to describe more sophisticated location-based services and run them on different platforms. The language supports event based triggers, like entering a zone, as well as temporal constraints, flow control and stateful services. The created code is human readable thus its executed actions are completely transparent to the user. It is interpreted by a generic parser on the mobile device managing the positioning process and performing actions like notifying the user or executing 3rd party applications.
Cytokines and Autoimmune Diseases (2001)

Part I. Cytokines: Induction and Regulation Transcriptional Regulation of Cytokine Gene Expression in The Subsets Jyothi Rengarajan and Laurie H. Glimcher Chromatin Remodeling and Transcriptional Regulation of Cytokine Gene Expression in T Cells M. Frances Shannon and Adele F. Holloway Variant Ligands, Altered T Cell Receptor Signaling, Hierarchial Response Thresholds, and CD4+ Effector Responses Yasushi Itoh and Ronald N. Germain The Role of Costimulation in T Cell Differentiation Janet E. Buhlmann and Arlene H. Sharpe CD1d-Restricted NK T Cells and Autoimmunity Mark Exley and S. Brian Wilson Role of T Cell Death and Cytokines in Autoimmunity Luk Van Parijs and Abul K. Abbas Role of Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Induction and Regulation of Autoimmune Disease Richard M. Ransohoff and William J. Karpus Part II. Cytokines: Role in Specific Autoimmune Diseases Cytokines and Resistance to Organ Specific Autoimmune Disease Benjamin M. Segal and Ethan M. Shevach The Role of Cytokines in Induction and Regulation of Autoimmune Uveitis Rachel R. Caspi Pathogenic and Regulatory Cytokines in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Estelle Bettelli and Lindsay B. Nicholson Role of Cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis and Mucosal Tolerance Howard L. Weiner Cytokines and Human Type 1 Diabetes Sally C. Kent, Vissia Viglietta, and David A. Hafler Cytokines in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis and Murine Models Marie Wahren-Herlenius, Helena Erlandsson Harris, Per Larsson, and Lars Klareskog Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Amy E. Wandstrat and Edward K. Wakeland Myasthenia Gravis Premkumar Christadoss and Elzbieta Goluszko Part III. Cytokines and Autoimmunity: A Synthesis Cytokines in Autoimmune Disease Vijay K. Kuchroo and Lindsay B. Nicholson
Regulation of proliferation and apoptosis by Ras and Rho GTPases through specific phospholipid‐dependent signaling (1997)

Small GTPases are molecular switches that control signaling pathways critical for diverse cellular functions. Recent evidence indicates that multiple effector molecules can be activated by small GTPases. As a result, complex biological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis are turned on. Thus, rather than a single linear pathway from the membrane to the nucleus, the integration of complementary signals is required for these events to occur. In fact, the coordinated activation of small GTPases may constitute some of the critical modulators of those signals triggering either proliferation or cell death. In addition to the activation of specific kinases cascades, phospholipid-derived messengers are candidates to compose some of the most critical elements associated to regulation of signaling cascades capable of discerning among life and death. Both proliferation and apoptosis needs competence and progression signals. Phospholipase D and sphingomyelinase may be important players in this decision-maker step.
Predicting the Impacts of Landuse Changes on Stream Flow and Salinity by a Fully Distributed Catchment Model (2000)

Stream and groundwater salinities have increased in the south-west of Western Australia due to the replacement of native perennial vegetation by shallow-rooted crops and pastures. The Maringee Farm experimental catchment was established in 1982 to determine the possible effect of reforestation on stream salinity. About 12% of the catchment area (or 18% of the cleared areas), predominantly along the stream zone, was reforested. WEC-C (Water and Environmental Consultants - Catchment) is a fully distributed catchment model that divides the landscape lateray into rectangular cells and 6rtically into layers. The objectives of the study were to use the WEC-C model to: understand the effects of reforestation on stream flow and stream salinity generation processes, and to assess different management options. The model was history matched using observed groundwater piezometric levels and daily stream flow, salinity and stream salt load data. The modelled groundwater system was in close agreement with observed levels, beneath both the reforested and cleared areas. R2 statistics for annual stream flow, salinity and salt loads were 0.93, 0.67, and 0.31 respectively. 'What if' simulations implied that if revegetation were not undertaken, stream flow would be 10% and salt load would be 20% greater than observed values. Another set of 'what if' simulations where all the cleared area is planted, implied stream salt load would reduce to about 15% of present levels within 25 years.
Benchmarking of Homogeneous Electrocatalysts: Overpotential, Turnover Frequency, Limiting Turnover Number (2015)

In relation to contemporary energy challenges, a number of molecular catalysts for the activation of small molecules, mainly based on transition metal complexes, have been developed. The time has thus come to develop tools allowing the benchmarking of these numerous catalysts. Two main factors of merit are addressed. One involves their intrinsic catalytic performances through the comparison of "catalytic Tafel plots" relating the turnover frequency to the overpotential independently of the characteristics of the electrochemical cell. The other examines the effect of deactivation of the catalyst during the course of electrolysis. It introduces the notion of the limiting turnover number as a second key element of catalyst benchmarking. How these two factors combine with one another to control the course of electrolysis is analyzed in detail, leading to procedures that allow their separate estimation from measurements of the current, the charge passed, and the decay of the catalyst concentration. Illustrative examples from literature data are discussed.
Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Intravitreal Sirolimus (2012)

Sustained i.v.t. delivery was achieved in a dose-dependent fashion after the i.v.t. injection of a proprietary sirolimus depot-forming ocular formulation. Across the tolerability and safety studies, no significant findings were observed for systemic and ocular tolerability. The human WB levels were well below the daily trough systemic blood level range required for systemic immunosuppression. An i.v.t. injection of sirolimus has a PK and safety profile that is favorable for treating inflammatory conditions of the eye, such as non-infectious uveitis, and warrants further investigation in humans.
Primary sequence of the Escherichia coli fadL gene encoding an outer membrane protein required for long-chain fatty acid transport (1991)

The fadL gene of Escherichia coli encodes an outer membrane protein (FadL) that plays a central role in the uptake of exogenous long-chain fatty acids. The nucleotide sequence of the fadL gene revealed a single open reading frame of 1,344 bp encoding a protein with 448 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 48,831. The transcriptional start, analyzed by primer extension, was shown to be 95 bp upstream from the translational start. Apparent -10 and -35 regions were found at -12 and -37 bp upstream from the transcriptional start. Three regions with hyphenated dyad symmetry (two between the transcriptional start and the translational start and one upstream from the -10 and -35 regions) were identified that may play a role in the expression of fadL. The protein product of the fadL gene contained a signal sequence and signal peptidase I cleavage site similar to that defined for other E. coli outer membrane proteins. The N-terminal sequence of mature FadL protein was determined by automated amino acid sequencing of protein purified from the outer membrane of a strain harboring fadL under the control of a T7 RNA polymerase-responsive promoter. This amino acid sequence, Ala-Gly-Phe-Gln-Leu-Asn-Glu-Phe-Ser-Ser, verified the signal peptidase I cleavage site on pre-FadL and confirmed the N-terminal amino acid sequence of FadL predicted from the DNA sequence. Mature FadL contained 421 amino acid residues, giving a molecular weight of 45,969. The amino acid composition of FadL deduced from the DNA sequence suggested that this protein contained an abundance of hydrophobic amino acid residues and lacked cysteinyl residues. The hydrophobic amino acids within FadL were predicted to contribute to at least five regions of the protein with an overall hydrophobic character. The amino acid sequence of FadL was used to search GenBank for other proteins with amino acid sequence homology. These data demonstrated that FadL and the heat-modifiable outer membrane protein P1 of Haemophilus influenzae type b were 60.5% conserved and 42.0% identical over 438 amino acid residues.
Prevalence of Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth and Its Association with Nutrition Intake in Nonhospitalized Older Adults (2003)

Prevalence of SBBO is associated with reduced body weight, which is paralleled by reduced intake of several micronutrients. Malabsorption resulting from diarrhea might be an aggravating factor contributing to weight loss in these subjects.
Anchoring of Phosphonate and Phosphinate Coupling Molecules on Titania Particles (2001)

Titanium oxide particles were treated using six organophosphorus compounds chosen as model coupling molecules: phenylphosphonic and diphenylphosphinic acids, their ethyl esters, and their trimethylsilyl esters. The ability of all of these coupling molecules to modify the surface of the TiO2 particles was demonstrated by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen adsorption. The bonding modes on the surface were investigated by means of diffuse reflectance IR Fourier transform (DRIFT) and 31P solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy. Upon irradiation in water, a marked trend to the photooxidative degradation of the anchored organophosphorus groups was evidenced, especially in the case of phosphinate groups.
Wideband sounding of 11.6 GHz trans-horizon channel (1994)

A high speed, wideband channel probe is briefly described. The use of the probe on an experimental 158 km link across the English Channel is reported. Preliminary results depicting the time-variant and frequency-selective characteristics of the link are presented.
Preparation and characterization of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against human alpha interferon. (1986)

Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against human alpha interferon (hu-IFN alpha) were constructed by fusion of NSO myeloma cells with spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with purified hu-IFN alpha. Altogether, 527 hybridomas were prepared in two separate experiments. From this cohort of hybridomas, 51 produced monoclonal antibodies against hu-IFN alpha. Seventeen out of fifty one hybridomas produced antibodies with neutralizing capacity for IFN while 34 hybridomas produced monoclonal antibodies with binding ability not accompanied with the neutralization of biological activity of IFN. The specificity of antibodies was determined with 3 types of tests: ELISA, ELISAN (modified ELISA) and neutralization test. Using isotype analysis, it has been found that 23 monoclonal antibodies were of IgM class, 20 were of IgG1 subclass, 4 were of IgG2b and 4 of IgG3 subclass. The average number of chromosomes in hybridomas was between 61.35 and 78.55. Their average doubling time was between 13.95 and 25.76 hrs.
Synthesis and Electroluminescence properties of Polyfluorene derivatives for light-emitting diodes (2010)

New single-polymer electroluminescent system containing three individual emission species of polyfluorenes as a blue host, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole unit as a green dopant and phenylene derivative unit as a red dopant on the main chain were synthesized and characterized. All polymerizations were carried out by palladium(0) catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction with equivalent molar ratio of the diboronic ester monomer to the dibromo monomers under dry argon protection. The structure and properties of these polymers were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, GPC, Photoluminescence (PL), and Electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopy. The synthetic polymers, Polyfluorene [PF], Poly(fluorene-benzothiadiazole-pyridine) [PF-BT-PD], were soluble in common organic solvents and easily spin-coated onto the indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates. The optical band gaps of polymers of 2.97 eV and 2.55 eV corresponding to PF and PF-BT-PD, respectively were calculated from the onset of UV-vis spectra. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/LiF/Al configuration were fabricated, and the devices using copolymers showed red shift EL spectra relative to that of PF. The fabricated light-emitting devices showed good performance in terms of turn on voltage and electroluminescence. The new PF-BT-PD copolymer was successfully employed as emissive polymer layer in polymer light-emitting devices (PLEDs). The turns on voltages of copolymers were lower than that of PF. By changing the molar ratios of these monomer units, the electroluminescence spectra can be adjusted to white-light emission.
Optimization of inductive RFID technology (2002)

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology holds promise for managing products through their lifecycle. Passive RFID tags can be read at a distance and do not require a line of sight between tag and reader. This paper identifies the technical parameters that harm RFID performance and evaluates measures to enhance performance. Issues addressed include read range, algorithms for communication between tag and reader, the process by which the tag modulates the carrier signal, the theory behind powering a passive tag via a LC circuit antenna, and the algorithm for simultaneously receiving and decoding information from more than one tag.
De novo CIAS1 mutations, cytokine activation, and evidence for genetic heterogeneity in patients with neonatal‐onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID): A new member of the expanding family of pyrin‐associated autoinflammatory diseases (2002)

Our data increase the total number of known germline mutations in CIAS1 to 20, causing a spectrum of diseases ranging from familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome to Muckle-Wells syndrome to NOMID/CINCA syndrome. Mutations in CIAS1 were only found in approximately 50% of the cases identified clinically as NOMID/CINCA syndrome, which raises the possibility of genetic heterogeneity. IL-1 regulation by CIAS1 suggests that IL-1 receptor blockade may constitute a rational approach to the treatment of NOMID/CINCA syndrome.