gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
M‐learning: next generation hotel training system (2011)

Purpose This paper aims to explore whether there is a need for a mobile learning (M‐learning) system and what types of mobile applications will be appropriate for each department at a hotel. It focuses on addressing three key questions: how can a hotel utilize mobile devices for training purposes in each area? What kinds of features or functions would hotel employees like to see on the mobile device? Are there any differences in the M‐learning acceptance level of the participants based on their demographic factors or previous experience with mobile usage? Design/methodology/approach Ten experts in the hospitality academia and industry participated in this qualitative research. This study used snowball sampling as a selection strategy. Findings This study found there are various ways to utilize mobile devices for hotel employee training in different departments. Housekeeping, room service, restaurant, and other customer‐service sectors were suggested as good areas to use mobile devices for training. Beyond this suggestion about proper departments for M‐learning, this study uncovered a number of interesting applications for each department. Research limitations/implications This is an exploratory study conducted in a research area where a few scholarly works exist. Since this study uses a qualitative approach, future research should conduct an experimental study or a survey with hotel major students or hotel employees to obtain more generalizable results. Originality/value As the literature review reveals, very few studies have investigated the M‐learning adoption and even fewer studies have empirically tested an individual's perceptions that can explain the adoption of mobile devices for hotel employee training. This study develops a research framework and suggests appropriate determinants of M‐learning adoption for future studies.
Identification of the mouse IgG3 receptor: implications for antibody effector function at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. (1998)

Mouse IgG3 appears early in immune responses independently of T cell help and, as such, is an early effector molecule of the immune system. Yet, a specific IgG3 cellular receptor remains undefined. In transfection experiments, mouse Fc gammaRI was clearly able to bind immune complexes of IgG3, whereas mouse Fc gammaRII could not. Furthermore, macrophages from mice expressing Fc gammaRII and Fc gammaRIII but lacking Fc gammaRI were unable to phagocytose IgG3 immune complexes, thus identifying mouse Fc gammaRI as the sole receptor for IgG3 immune complexes. Competition studies demonstrated that monomeric mouse IgG3 could inhibit IgG2a binding to mouse Fc gammaRI with an ID50 approximately 10(-7) M (fivefold lower than IgG2a). The identification of mouse Fc gammaRI as the IgG3 receptor establishes Fc gammaRI as a participant in events at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, implying a greater role for this receptor in the development of normal and pathologic immune responses than previously recognized.
The immunogenicity of soluble haptenated polymers is determined by molecular mass and hapten valence. (1989)

T cell-independent Ag are believed to stimulate antibody formation in the relative absence of Ag processing and T cell help. Previous studies on the type 2 T cell independent (TI-2) Ag DNP-polyacrylamide, have shown that when one systematically varies the molecular mass and hapten valence, the immunogenic potential of this type of molecule depends on definable molecular characteristics. It was found that to be immunogenic, these molecules had to exceed a threshold molecular mass of 100,000 Da and a threshold hapten valence of 20. The present study was undertaken to determine whether such findings could be generalized to other molecules belonging to the TI-2 class of Ag. The molecular characteristics of five chemically different fluoresceinated (FL)-polymers were systematically varied, and their ability to stimulate an IgM antihapten immune response was measured. The polymers used as carriers were carefully size-fractionated and consisted of one natural polymer (dextran), one modified natural polymer (carboxymethyl cellulose), and three synthetic polymers (Ficoll, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylamide). The carriers varied in physical structure from the highly cross-linked Ficoll, to the somewhat branched dextran, to the linear polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol. Polymers were haptenated with FL and size-fractionated so as to yield a panel of molecules with varying molecular mass, hapten valence, and hapten density. Anti-FL IgM response to these haptenated polymers was measured in vivo after i.p. injection of the FL-polymer in saline, and measured in vitro after culture with unfractionated spleen cells from naive mice. In agreement with the previous studies on DNP-polyacrylamide, it was found that to be immunogenic, each of the FL-polymers had to exceed a comparable threshold value of molecular mass and of hapten valence. Optimal immunogenicity occurred when the FL-polymers had values of mass and hapten density lying within a predictable range. Immunogenicity decreased when these optimal parameters were substantially increased or decreased. We conclude that the immunogenicity of soluble haptenated polymers depends on predictable physical molecular characteristics, and is relatively independent of the chemical composition and conformation of the carrier polymer.
Substrate upregulation of the human small intestinal peptide transporter, hPepT1 (1998)

1. Molecular mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation to increased levels of dietary peptides have been elucidated by studying the response to the substrate glycyl-L-glutamine (Gly-Gln) of the proton-coupled peptide transporter, hPepT1, in the Caco-2 human intestinal cell line. Vmax for apical uptake of [14C]glycyl-[14C]sarcosine was increased 1.64 (+/- 0.34)-fold after incubation of Caco-2 cells for 3 days in a peptide-rich medium (4 mM Gly-Gln replacing 4 mM Gln). 2. A full-length Caco-2 hPepT1 cDNA clone was identical to human small intestinal hPepT1 with the exception of a single amino acid substitution Ile-662 to Val. Transcript sizes, on Northern blots of Caco-2 poly(A)+ RNA probed with a 630 bp 5' hPepT1 cDNA probe, correspond to the reported band pattern seen with human small intestinal RNA. The dipeptide-induced increase in substrate transport was accompanied by a parallel increase of 1.92 (+/- 0.30)-fold (n = 9) in hPepT1 mRNA. This was in part due to an increase in hPepT1 mRNA half-life from 8.9 +/- 1.1 to 12.5 +/- 1.6 h (n = 3), but the increase in half-life does not account fully for the observed increase in mRNA levels, suggesting that there was also a dipeptide-mediated increase in hPepT1 transcription. 3. Anti-hPepT1-specific antipeptide antibodies localized hPepT1 exclusively to the apical membrane of human small intestinal enterocytes and Caco-2 cells. Gly-Gln supplementation of media resulted in a 1.72 (+/- 0.26)-fold (n = 5) increase in staining intensity of Caco-2 cells. 4. We conclude that Caco-2 cells provide an appropriate model for the study of adaptation of intestinal hPepT1, at the molecular level, to increased levels of dietary peptide. The magnitude of functional increase in apical peptide transport activity in response to Gly-Gln can be fully accounted for by the increased levels of hPepT1 protein and mRNA, the latter mediated by both enhanced hPepT1 mRNA stability and increased transcription. The signalling pathway between increased dietary peptide and hPepT1 upregulation, therefore, involves direct action on the enterocyte, independent of hormonal and/or neural control.
Effect of Yeast Culture Supplement on Production, Rumen Fermentation, and Duodenal Nitrogen Flow in Dairy Cows (1992)

Six lactating Holstein cows fitted with rumen and T-type duodenal cannulas were used in a crossover design to examine effects of yeast culture supplement on production parameters, rumen fermentation, and flow of N to the duodenum. Treatments were control and control plus 10 g/d of yeast culture. Dry matter intake was greater, and milk production tended to be higher, for cows supplemented with yeast culture, but milk composition was not affected. Rumen pH was not affected by yeast culture, but peak lactic acid concentration decreased from 1.93 to 1.73 mM. Rumen fluid acetate:propionate ratio, dilution rate (percentage per hour), and ammonia N concentration (milligrams per deciliter) were 2.28, .12, and 10.7 and 2.04, .13, and 9.6 for control cows and for cows supplemented with yeast culture, respectively. Although numbers of fiber-digesting bacteria were not affected by yeast culture, DM disappearance of wheat straw tended to be higher at 12 and 24 h, and CP and ADF digestibilities were greater. Duodenal NAN flow tended to be higher in cows supplemented with yeast culture because of higher bacterial N flow. Duodenal AA profile and flow of Met were significantly affected by yeast culture supplementation. The results suggest that yeast culture may alter the AA profile of bacterial protein.
With microscope and tweezers: the worm from MIT's perspective (1989)

The actions taken by a group of computer scientists at MIT during the worm invasion represents a study of human response to a crisis. The authors also relate the experiences and reactions of other groups throughout the country, especially in terms of how they interacted with the MIT team.
Arsenic-induced Skin Toxicity (1989)

We reviewed available literature on the effects of inorganic arsenic on the skin to determine the potential hazards and to collate information regarding dosage and exposure to the incidence of skin cancer. Arsenic intake may result from occupational or medicinal exposure, or from drinking well water in areas with high arsenic levels in the soil. Arsenic causes a variety of benign skin lesions including hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis. Some hyperkeratotic lesions and squamous cell carcinomas in situ may progress to invasive carcinoma; other invasive squamous cell carcinomas will develop de novo. These cutaneous squamous cancers may metastasize; mortality is low, but has been reported. Locally invasive but non-metastasizing basal cell carcinomas may arise as well. These lesions occur in a characteristic pattern of distribution and are usually multiple. Observers reporting medicinally administered arsenic have described dose-response relationships between the amount of arsenic ingested and the frequency of various skin lesions. For arsenic found in drinking water, however, there is more controversy regarding the doses and exposure times necessary for cutaneous toxicity.
Multichannel Signal Processing With Deep Neural Networks for Automatic Speech Recognition (2017)

Multichannel automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems commonly separate speech enhancement, including localization, beamforming, and postfiltering, from acoustic modeling. In this paper, we perform multichannel enhancement jointly with acoustic modeling in a deep neural network framework. Inspired by beamforming, which leverages differences in the fine time structure of the signal at different microphones to filter energy arriving from different directions, we explore modeling the raw time-domain waveform directly. We introduce a neural network architecture, which performs multichannel filtering in the first layer of the network, and show that this network learns to be robust to varying target speaker direction of arrival, performing as well as a model that is given oracle knowledge of the true target speaker direction. Next, we show how performance can be improved by factoring the first layer to separate the multichannel spatial filtering operation from a single channel filterbank which computes a frequency decomposition. We also introduce an adaptive variant, which updates the spatial filter coefficients at each time frame based on the previous inputs. Finally, we demonstrate that these approaches can be implemented more efficiently in the frequency domain. Overall, we find that such multichannel neural networks give a relative word error rate improvement of more than 5% compared to a traditional beamforming-based multichannel ASR system and more than 10% compared to a single channel waveform model.
Interleukin-1β-Induced Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes through Down-Regulation of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Expression (2006)

Inflammation is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Proinflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue in obesity could alter insulin signaling and action. Recent studies have shown a relationship between IL-1beta level and metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. However, the ability of IL-1beta to alter insulin signaling and action remains to be explored. We demonstrated that IL-1beta slightly increased Glut 1 translocation and basal glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Importantly, we found that prolonged IL-1beta treatment reduced the insulin-induced glucose uptake, whereas an acute treatment had no effect. Chronic treatment with IL-1beta slightly decreased the expression of Glut 4 and markedly inhibited its translocation to the plasma membrane in response to insulin. This inhibitory effect was due to a decrease in the amount of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 but not IRS-2 expression in both 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes. The decrease in IRS-1 amount resulted in a reduction in its tyrosine phosphorylation and the alteration of insulin-induced protein kinase B activation and AS160 phosphorylation. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK totally inhibited IL-1beta-induced down-regulation of IRS-1 mRNA. Moreover, IRS-1 protein expression and insulin-induced protein kinase B activation, AS160 phosphorylation, and Glut 4 translocation were partially recovered after treatment with the ERK inhibitor. These results demonstrate that IL-1beta reduces IRS-1 expression at a transcriptional level through a mechanism that is ERK dependent and at a posttranscriptional level independently of ERK activation. By targeting IRS-1, IL-1beta is capable of impairing insulin signaling and action, and could thus participate in concert with other cytokines, in the development of insulin resistance in adipocytes.
Throughput of Wlan with TDMA and Superimposed Transmission with Resource and Traffic Constraints (2006)

For a specific high-throughput wireless local area network system based on OFDM we study the sum rate of multiple access with time multiplexing or superimposed transmission (TDMA, SUP). In allocating resources we consider a minimum granularity, i.e., size of the smallest unit that a user can be allotted. We further assume packet switched traffic with most traffic carried by only a few large packets and relatively little data carried by a large number of small packets. We show and quantify that given the granularity and traffic constraints the sum rate may be drastically reduced compared to the unconstrained case. This happens whenever mapping (small) packets to resource units (OFDM symbols) incurs matching losses. As these losses are highest in TDMA, it suffers most. Moreover, we show that allowing more users to be active helps to maintain a high throughput in SUP only. Our analysis and results apply to scenarios with the described features where the transmitters know the average channel statistics, the receiver has perfect channel state information and the total received power is the same in all schemes
Biochemical Genetics of the Cryptic Gene System for Cellobiose Utilization in Escherichia coli K12 (1987)

The cellobiose catabolic system of Escherichia coli K12 is being used to study the role of cryptic genes in microbial evolution. Wild-type E. coli K12 do not utilize the beta-glucoside sugars, arbutin, salicin and cellobiose. A Cel+ (cellobiose utilizing) mutant which grows on cellobiose, arbutin, and salicin was isolated previously from wild-type E. coli K12. Biochemical assays indicate that a cel structural gene (celT) specifies a single transport protein that is a beta-glucoside specific enzyme of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system. The transport protein phosphorylates beta-glucosides at the expense of phosphoenolpyruvate. A single phosphoglucosidase, specified by celH, hydrolyzes phosphorylated cellobiose, arbutin, and salicin. The genes of the cel system are expressed constitutively in the Cel+ mutant, whereas they are not expressed at a detectable level in the wild-type strain. The transport and hydrolase genes are simultaneously silenced or simultaneously expressed and thus constitute an operon. Cel+ strains which fail to utilize one or more beta-glucosides express the transport system at a lower level than do Cel+ strains which grow on all three beta-glucosides. Other strains inducibly express a gene which specifies transport of arbutin but not the other beta-glucosides. The arbutin transport gene, arbT, maps outside of the cel locus.
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of PKC412, an Inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (2001)

PKC412 can be safely administered by chronic oral therapy, and 150 mg/d is suitable for phase II studies. The pharmacokinetics and lack of conventional toxicity indicate that pharmacodynamic measures may be additionally needed to optimize the drug dose and schedule.
A new planar feed for slot spiral antennas (1996)

A new planar, wideband feed for a slot spiral antenna is presented and tested at VHF frequencies. Radiation pattern measurements are presented to demonstrate the performance and usefulness of this feed. In contrast to most traditional printed spiral antenna designs, the one presented here incorporates a completely planar balun and feed, making it more attractive for conformal applications.
Underwater Electroacoustic Measurements (1970)

Abstract : The electrical and acoustical measurements described in this book are those required to calibrate, test, or evaluate an underwater electroacoustic transducer and to enable one, indirectly, to produce or detect and measure an underwater acoustic signal, usually in terms of its acoustic pressure. These measurements will be referred to collectively as underwater electroacoustic measurements.
Overlapping peptides of melanocyte differentiation antigen melan-A/MART-1 recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes in association with HLA-B45.1 and HLA-A2.1 (1998)

From the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of melanoma patient SK29(AV) we have previously isolated 2 independent cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones (CTL7/147 and CTL13/211), which lysed autologous tumor cells in association with HLA-B45.1. As demonstrated here, both CTL clones were directed against melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan-A/MART-1, which also was recognized by HLA-A2.1-restricted CTLs from the same patient. By generating and transfecting 3'-deletion mutants of Melan-A/MART-1 cDNA, we localized its peptide-coding regions. The HLA-B45.1-presented peptides were derived from a hydrophobic region of the protein and largely overlapped the peptides recognized by CTLs from the same patient in association with HLA-A2.1. We determined the fine specificity of these CTL clones with synthetic peptides. CTL clone CTL7/147 recognized the 11-mer peptide AEEAAGIGILT (residues 24-34) at the lowest concentrations. The absence of threonine-34 abrogated the recognition by CTL7/147. The truncated peptide AEEAAGIGIL (residues 24-33) proved to be the optimal synthetic peptide for sensitization against lysis by CTL13/211. This indicated that C-terminal threonine-34 was not involved in binding to HLA-B45.1 but, rather, was part of the epitope for CTL7/147. HLA-B45.1-associated peptides of Melan-A/MART-1 were regularly processed and presented by other melanomas and other cell types. Three of 4 independent HLA-A2.1-restricted SK29-CTL clones recognized the 10-mer peptide EAAGIGILTV (residues 26-35) at 10- to 100-fold lower concentrations than the nonamer AAGIGILTV (residues 27-35), previously described as the common immunodominant peptide antigen for all known anti-Melan-A/MART-1 CTLs restricted by HLA-A2.1. Different melanoma peptide antigens currently are applied in therapeutic vaccination studies. Our findings emphasize that restricting to peptides of minimal length might exclude relevant T-cell epitopes.
A digital camera for machine vision (2002)

A prototype of a complete full-frame motion digital camera with grey levels, standard logic interface and software programmability, specifically designed for machine vision applications, is presented. The key to the high integration level of the camera is a monolithic "intelligent" sensor implemented in standard CMOS technology which offers the possibility of integrating signal-conditioning and interface functions on the same die as the sensor array. A highly parallel analogue-to-digital conversion scheme is used to achieve video rate performance with low power consumption. Applications of the camera in close coupling with the main processors of a number of robotic systems are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rendering complex scenes with memory-coherent ray tracing (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Rendering complex scenes with memory-coherent ray tracing Authors: Matt Pharr Computer Science Department, Stanford University Computer Science Department, Stanford UniversityView Profile , Craig Kolb Computer Science Department, Stanford University Computer Science Department, Stanford UniversityView Profile , Reid Gershbein Computer Science Department, Stanford University Computer Science Department, Stanford UniversityView Profile , Pat Hanrahan Computer Science Department, Stanford University Computer Science Department, Stanford UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '97: Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesAugust 1997 Pages 101–108https://doi.org/10.1145/258734.258791Published:03 August 1997Publication History 143citation1,463DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations143Total Downloads1,463Last 12 Months162Last 6 weeks22 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
B Phase mapping at 7 T and its application for in vivo electrical conductivity mapping (2011)

In this study, a new approach to measure local electrical conductivity in tissue is presented, which is based on the propagating B1(+) phase and the homogeneous Helmholtz equation. This new MRI technique might open future opportunities for tumor and lesion characterization based on conductivity differences, while it may also find application in radio frequency safety assessment. Prerequisites for conductivity mapping using only the B1(+) phase (instead of the complex B1(+) field) are addressed. Furthermore it was found that the B1(+) phase can be derived directly from the measurable transceive phase arg(B1(+)B1(-)) in the head. Validation for a human head excited by a 7 T-birdcage coil using simulations and measurements showed that it is possible to measure in vivo conductivity patterns in the brain using B1(+) phase information only. Conductivity contrast between different brain tissues is clearly observed. The measured mean values for white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid differed 54%, 26%, and -13% respectively from literature values. The proposed method for B1(+) phase measurements is very suited for in vivo applications, as the measurement is short (less than a minute per imaged slice) and exposes the patient to low RF power, contrary to earlier proposed approaches.