gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Naturally occurring autoantibodies to cholesterol in humans (1989)

Conference Article| August 01 1989 Naturally occurring autoantibodies to cholesterol in humans CARL R. ALVING; CARL R. ALVING 1Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GLENN M. SWARTZ, JR; GLENN M. SWARTZ, JR 1Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NABILA M. WASSEF NABILA M. WASSEF 1Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (4): 637–639. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170637 Article history Received: January 31 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation CARL R. ALVING, GLENN M. SWARTZ, NABILA M. WASSEF; Naturally occurring autoantibodies to cholesterol in humans. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1989; 17 (4): 637–639. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170637 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, FBS, fetal bovine serum, PBS, phosphate-buffered saline © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Stability, characterization, and kinetics of 111In-labeled monoclonal antitumor antibodies in normal animals and nude mouse-human tumor models. (1983)

Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against carcinoembryonic antigen were successfully radiolabeled with 111In, and the radiopharmaceutical was characterized in vitro and in normal and tumor-bearing mice. The 111In-MoAb proved to be stable in vitro and in vivo under normal conditions, although instability could be induced in vitro with large quantities of iron-free transferrin. Animal distribution studies with 111In-MoAb demonstrated tumor localization superior to 67Ga and pharmacokinetics that were highly similar to those of endogenously labeled 75Se-MoAb. The 111In-MoAb followed first-order kinetics and fit a two-compartmental model when studied in nude mice bearing human colon tumors known to express carcinoembryonic antigen. Significant quantities of radiolabel appeared in tissues other than tumor, with liver and skin having the highest concentrations. Sufficient tumor/background ratios were formed for scanning purposes. The data indicate that 111In-MoAb may prove to be effective as a radiopharmaceutical for tumor imaging.
Apoptosis, p53, and tumor cell sensitivity to anticancer agents. (1999)

A widely held tenet of present day oncology is that tumor cells treated with anticancer agents die from apoptosis, and that cells resistant to apoptosis are resistant to cancer treatment. We suggest, in this review, that this tenet may need to be reexamined for human tumors of nonhematological origin, for two principal reasons: (a) cell killing has often been assessed in short term assays that are more influenced by the rate, than the overall level, of cell killing. This has tended to underestimate cell killing for cells not susceptible to apoptosis or having mutant p53; and (b) conclusions from experiments with normal cells transformed with dominant oncogenes have often been extrapolated to tumor cells. This does not take into account the fact that tumor cells have invariably undergone selection to an apoptotically resistant phenotype. In this review, we examine the impact of these two factors with particular emphasis on the influence of mutations in p53 on the sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA-damaging agents. We find that because wild-type p53 predisposes cells to a more rapid rate of cell death after DNA damage, particularly with normal or minimally transformed cells, that short-term assays have led to the conclusion that mutations in p53 confer resistance to genotoxic agents. On the other hand, if clonogenic survival is used to assess killing in cells derived from actual solid human tumors, then apoptosis and the genes controlling it, such as p53 and bcl-2, appear to play little or no role in the sensitivity of these cells to killing by anticancer drugs and radiation.
Delayed Hypersensitivity to Fungal Antigens in Mice. III. Characterization of the Active Component in Immunogenic RNA Extracts (1976)

In a mouse model, cell-mediated immunity to Coccidioides immitis, as assayed by the delayed hypersensitivity skin test, was transferred with whole immunogenic RNA extract and its < 33S and 6S–13S sedimentation fractions. Both fractions were cleaved by RNase, but the products retained their transfer activity. The < 33S fraction of immunogenic RNA extract was inactivated by pronase, whereas the 6S–13S fraction was resistant to the proteolytic enzyme; however, after RNase treatment the latter fraction was sensitive to pronase. This finding suggests a protective role for RNA. Dialysis of immunogenic RNA extract yielded a dialysate with a ratio of absorbance at 260 nm to that at 280 nm (A260:A280) of 1.02. Similarly, the dialysis product of RNase-treated RNA is active and has an A260: A280 ratio of 1.34. The data indicate that at least part of the active moiety of immunogenic RNA extracts is an RNA-associated, pronase-labile peptide or nucleopeptide. Furthermore, it is possible that the dialyzable transfer factor may be the same peptide or nucleopeptide cleaved from immunogenic RNA during preparation of the transfer factor.
Steric regulation of tandem calponin homology domain actin-binding affinity (2019)

Tandem calponin homology (CH1-CH2) domains are common actin-binding domains in proteins that interact with and organize the actin cytoskeleton. Despite regions of high sequence similarity, CH1-CH2 domains can have remarkably different actin-binding properties, with disease-associated point mutants known to increase as well as decrease affinity for F-actin. To investigate features that affect CH1-CH2 affinity for F-actin in cells and in vitro, we perturbed the utrophin actin-binding domain by making point mutations at the CH1-CH2 interface, replacing the linker domain, and adding a polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer to CH2. Consistent with a previous model describing CH2 as a steric negative regulator of actin binding, we find that utrophin CH1-CH2 affinity is both increased and decreased by modifications that change the effective "openness" of CH1 and CH2 in solution. We also identified interface mutations that caused a large increase in affinity without changing solution "openness," suggesting additional influences on affinity. Interestingly, we also observe nonuniform subcellular localization of utrophin CH1-CH2 that depends on the N-terminal flanking region but not on bulk affinity. These observations provide new insights into how small sequence changes, such as those found in diseases, can affect CH1-CH2 binding properties.
Design considerations for hierarchical Web proxy server using iSCSI (2003)

The sharing of caches among Web proxies is an important technique to reduce Web traffic and alleviate network bottlenecks. Additionally, due to emerging network technologies, cooperative Web caching among proxies shows great potential for becoming an effective approach for reducing Web document access latencies. Nevertheless, it is not widely deployed due to the overhead of existing protocols such as ICP. We propose an iSCSI-based hierarchical Web caching scheme which provides greater performance improvement than existing Web caching schemes.
Role for mRNA localization in translational activation but not spatial restriction of nanos RNA (1999)

Patterning of the anterior-posterior body axis during Drosophila development depends on the restriction of Nanos protein to the posterior of the early embryo. Synthesis of Nanos occurs only when maternally provided nanos RNA is localized to the posterior pole by a large, cis-acting signal in the nanos 3' untranslated region (3'UTR); translation of unlocalized nanos RNA is repressed by a 90 nucleotide Translational Control Element (TCE), also in the 3'UTR. We now show quantitatively that the majority of nanos RNA in the embryo is not localized to the posterior pole but is distributed throughout the cytoplasm, indicating that translational repression is the primary mechanism for restricting production of Nanos protein to the posterior. Through an analysis of transgenes bearing multiple copies of nanos 3'UTR regulatory sequences, we provide evidence that localization of nanos RNA by components of the posteriorly localized germ plasm activates its translation by preventing interaction of nanos RNA with translational repressors. This mutually exclusive relationship between translational repression and RNA localization is mediated by a 180 nucleotide region of the nanos localization signal, containing the TCE. These studies suggest that the ability of RNA localization to direct wild-type body patterning also requires recognition of multiple, unique elements within the nanos localization signal by novel factors. Finally, we propose that differences in the efficiencies with which different RNAs are localized result from the use of temporally distinct localization pathways during oogenesis.
Treatment of the Perineal Wound After Proctectomy by Intermittent Irrigation (1984)

Between 1977 and 1983, 43 patients underwent proctectomy (40 patients for carcinoma, three for ulcerative colitis). The subsequent perineal wound received primary closure and the pelvic space was treated with intermittent irrigation and suction drainage using a double-lumen catheter. Primary healing of the perineal wound occurred in 56.4% of cases and in 89.7% of cases the perineal wound had healed completely by the sixth postoperative week. The relationships between perineal wound healing and the age and sex of the patient, the stage of the tumor, and the tumor distance from the anal verge were assessed. The period of hospitalization was significantly reduced when the perineal wound underwent primary healing. The results obtained in terms of wound healing are comparable with the best published results using continuous irrigation. Our method is advantageous in that it does not necessitate immobilization of the patient.
Advances in Molecular Genetics, Transgenic Models, and Gene Therapy for the Study of Pulmonary Diseases (1995)

"Advances in molecular genetics, transgenic models, and gene therapy for the study of pulmonary diseases.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 151(6), pp. 2065–2069
Serum and glucocorticoid‐regulated protein kinases: Variations on a theme (2006)

The phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI3K)-signaling pathway plays a critical role in a variety of cellular responses such as modulation of cell survival, glucose homeostasis, cell division, and cell growth. PI3K generates important lipid second messengers-phosphatidylinositides that are phosphorylated at the 3' position of their inositol ring head-group. These membrane restricted lipids act by binding with high affinity to specific protein domains such as the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Effectors of PI3K include molecules that harbor such domains such as phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK1) and protein kinase B (PKB), also termed Akt. The mammalian genome encodes three different PKB genes (alpha, beta, and gamma; Akt1, 2, and 3, respectively) and each is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in diseases such as glioblastoma and breast cancer. A second family of three protein kinases, termed serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinases (SGKs), is structurally related to the PKB family including regulation by PI3K but lack a PH domain. However, in addition to PH domains, a second class of 3' phosphorylated inositol phospholipid-binding domains exists that is termed Phox homology (PX) domain: this domain is found in one of the SGKs (SGK3). Here, we summarize knowledge of the three SGK isoforms and compare and contrast them to PKB with respect to their possible importance in cellular regulation and potential as therapeutic targets.
A Critical Role for Syk in Signal Transduction and Phagocytosis Mediated by Fcγ Receptors on Macrophages (1997)

Receptors on macrophages for the Fc region of IgG (FcgammaR) mediate a number of responses important for host immunity. Signaling events necessary for these responses are likely initiated by the activation of Src-family and Syk-family tyrosine kinases after FcgammaR cross-linking. Macrophages derived from Syk-deficient (Syk-) mice were defective in phagocytosis of particles bound by FcgammaRs, as well as in many FcgammaR-induced signaling events, including tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates and activation of MAP kinases. In contrast, Syk- macrophages exhibited normal responses to another potent macrophage stimulus, lipopolysaccharide. Phagocytosis of latex beads and Escherichia coli bacteria was also not affected. Syk- macrophages exhibited formation of polymerized actin structures opposing particles bound to the cells by FcgammaRs (actin cups), but failed to proceed to internalization. Interestingly, inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase also blocked FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis at this stage. Thus, PI 3-kinase may participate in a Syk-dependent signaling pathway critical for FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis. Macrophages derived from mice deficient for the three members of the Src-family of kinases expressed in these cells, Hck, Fgr, and Lyn, exhibited poor Syk activation upon FcgammaR engagement, accompanied by a delay in FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis. These observations demonstrate that Syk is critical for FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis, as well as for signal transduction in macrophages. Additionally, our findings provide evidence to support a model of sequential tyrosine kinase activation by FcgammaR's analogous to models of signaling by the B and T cell antigen receptors.
Synthesis of Simple Hydrazones of Carbonyl Compounds by an Exchange Reaction (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Simple Hydrazones of Carbonyl Compounds by an Exchange ReactionG. R. Newkome and D. L. FishelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 3, 677–681Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01341a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01341a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2406Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DNA Encoding an HIV-1 Gag/Human Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein-1 Chimera Elicits a Broad Cellular and Humoral Immune Response in Rhesus Macaques (2006)

Previous studies of HIV-1 p55Gag immunization of mice have demonstrated the usefulness of targeting antigens to the cellular compartment containing the major histocompatibility complex type II (MHC II) complex molecules by use of a DNA antigen formulation encoding Gag as a chimera with the mouse lysosome-associated membrane protein (mLAMP/gag). In the present study, we have analyzed the magnitude and breadth of Gag-specific T-lymphocyte and antibody responses elicited in Rhesus macaques after immunization with DNA encoding a human LAMP/gag (hLAMP/gag) chimera. ELISPOT analyses indicated that the average Gag-specific IFN-gamma response elicited by the hLAMP/gag chimera was detectable after only two or three naked DNA immunizations in all five immunized macaques and reached an average of 1000 spot-forming cells (SFC)/10(6) PBMCs. High IFN-gamma ELISPOT responses were detected in CD8(+)-depleted cells, indicating that CD4(+) T-cells play a major role in these responses. The T-cell responses of four of the macaques were also tested by use of ELISPOT to 12 overlapping 15-amino acids (aa) peptide pools containing ten peptides each, encompassing the complete Gag protein sequence. The two Mamu 08 immunized macaques responded to eight and twelve of the pools, the Mamu B01 to six, and the other macaque to five pools indicating that the hLAMP/gag DNA antigen formulation elicits a broad T-cell response against Gag. Additionally, there was a strong HIV-1-specific IgG response. The IgG antibody titers increased after each DNA injection, indicating a strong amnestic B-cell response, and were highly elevated in all the macaques after three immunizations. Moreover, the serum of each macaque recognized 13 of the 49 peptides of a 20-aa peptide library covering the complete Gag amino acid sequence. In addition, HIV-1-specific IgA antibodies were present in the plasma and external secretions, including nasal washes. These data support the findings of increased immunogenicity of genetic vaccines encoded as LAMP chimeras, including the response to DNA vaccines by non-human primates.
Phosphorodithioate DNA as a Potential Therapeutic Drug (1993)

This article summarizes methods for the synthesis of phosphorodithioate-linked deoxyoligonucleotides and details an analysis of one of the distinctive properties of phosphorodithioate DNA oligomers, their ability to strongly inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). Mechanistic studies indicate that oligomers of this type interfere with enzyme function by binding tightly to the active site for primer-template, which results in low or subnanomolar inhibitory constants. Although many of these studies have used deoxyoligocytidine analogs, a rationally designed approach has led to the discovery of a very active phosphorodithioate deoxyoligonucleotide inhibitor. This type of inhibitor, which binds strongly to the primer-template active site of HIV-1 RT, provides another type of potential therapeutic agent against HIV-1.
Replication of GWAS-identified systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility genes affirms B-cell receptor pathway signalling and strengthens the role of IRF5 in disease susceptibility in a Northern European population (2011)

Replication of previous GWAS findings across diverse populations is of importance to validate these associations and to get a better understanding of potential genetic heterogeneity between populations in SLE susceptibility. Our results attest the importance of B-cell receptor pathway and IFN signalling in SLE pathogenesis.
Laser‐guided direct writing for three‐dimensional tissue engineering (2005)

One of the principal limitations to the size of an engineered tissue is oxygen and nutrient transport. Lacking a vascular bed, cells embedded in an engineered tissue will consume all available oxygen within hours while out branching blood vessels will take days to vascularize the implanted tissue. One possible solution is to directly write vascular structures within the engineered tissue prior to implantation, reconstructing the tissue according to its native architecture. The cell patterning technique, laser-guided direct writing (LGDW), can pattern multiple cells types with micrometer resolution on arbitrary surfaces, including biological gels. Here we show that LGDW can pattern human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in two- and three-dimensions with micrometer accuracy. By patterning HUVEC on Matrigel, we can direct their self-assembly into vascular structures along the desired pattern. Finally, co-culturing the vascular structures with hepatocytes resulted in an aggregated tubular structure similar in organization to a hepatic sinusoid. This capability can facilitate studies of tissue architecture at the single cell level, and of heterotypic interactions underlying processes such as liver and pancreas morphogenesis, differentiation, and angiogenesis.
Cytokine and chemokine profiles in neuromyelitis optica: significance of interleukin-6 (2010)

Different immunological status and pathophysiologies exist between NMO and MS, and IL-6 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of NMO.
A Polyethylene Glycol-Mediated Protoplast Transformation System for Production of Fertile Transgenic Rice Plants (1990)

We have established an efficient procedure for protoplast transformation and regeneration of fertile transgenic plants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars Nipponbare and Taipei 309. Protoplasts were mixed with a plant-expressible hygromycin resistance gene and treated with 25% (w/v) polyethylene glycol. Stringent selection of transformed colonies was applied to 14-day-old regenerated protoplasts in the presence of 95 micromolar of hygromycin B for 12 days. After selection, 450 and 200 resistant colonies were recovered per million treated Taipei 309 and Nipponbare protoplasts, respectively. Southern hybridization analysis of hygromycin-resistant cell lines and regenerated plants indicated that 1 to 10 copies of transferred DNA were integrated at 1 to 4 loci of the rice genome. Southern DNA analysis suggests that the introduced plasmid DNA may form concatemers by intermolecular recombination prior to integration. Four Taipei 309 and 39 Nipponbare transgenic rice plants were regenerated and grown to maturity in the greenhouse. Two Taipei 309 and 35 Nipponbare plants set viable seeds. Agronomic traits of Taipei 309 transgenic plants and inheritance of the hygromycin resistance trait by progeny of the selfed transgenic plants were analyzed.
A Catalog of Patterns for Program Generation. (2003)

Generation of source code is becoming a more and more important tool for software engineering, especially in the context of model drien development and MDA. While it is possible in theory to „generate code“ just using printf, this approach is insufficient in all but the most trivial cases. However, there are several alternatives. This paper introduces a set of patterns that describe the most commonly used source code generation techniques. That can be used for model transformations, model-to-source generation or source code transformation. It also contains large amount of examples that show how different tools realize the patterns.
A new rearrangement of ketonic nitrones; a convenient alternative to the Beckmann rearrangement (1975)

Ketonic nitrones are smoothly transformed by treatment with toluene-p-sulphonyl chloride in pyridine in the presence of some water into N-alkyl amides. The regiospecificity, stereospecificity, and mechanism of this new reaction have been investigated. The overall procedure provides a convenient alternative to the Beckmann rearrangement.