gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The fraction of DA white dwarfs with kilo-Gauss magnetic fields (2006)

Current estimates for white dwarfs with fields in excess of 1MG are about 10%; according to our first high-precision circular-polarimetric study of 12 bright white dwarfs with the VLT (Aznar Cuadrado et al. 2004) this number increases up to about 25% in the kG regime. With our new sample of 10 white dwarf observations (plus one sdO star) we wanted to improve the sample statistics to determine the incident of kG magnetic fields in white dwarfs. In one of our objects (LTT7987) we detected a statistically significant (97% confidence level) longitudinal magnetic field varying between (-1+-0.5)kG and (+1+-0.5$)kG. This would be the weakest magnetic field ever found in a white dwarf, but at this level of accuracy, systematic errors cannot completely be ruled out. Together with previous investigations, the fraction of kG magnetic fields in white dwarfs amounts to about 11-15%, which is close to the current estimations for highly magnetic white dwarfs (&gt;1MG).
Safety observations in 12095 patients with psoriasis enrolled in an international registry (PSOLAR): Experience with infliximab and other systemic and biologic therapies Errata. (2014)

Based on PSOLAR data through 2013, no new safety concerns were observed with infliximab for all-cause mortality, MACE, or malignancy; the data suggest that infliximab was associated with serious infections.
Transcriptional Coactivation of Bone-Specific Transcription Factor Cbfa1 by TAZ (2003)

Core-binding factor 1 (Cbfa1; also called Runx2) is a transcription factor belonging to the Runt family of transcription factors that binds to an osteoblast-specific cis-acting element (OSE2) activating the expression of osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific gene. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a transcriptional coactivator, TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), that binds to Cbfa1. A functional relationship between Cbfa1 and TAZ is demonstrated by the coimmunoprecipitation of TAZ by Cbfa1 and by the fact that TAZ induces a dose-dependent increase in the activity of osteocalcin promoter-luciferase constructs by Cbfa1. A dominant-negative construct of TAZ in which the coactivation domains have been deleted reduces osteocalcin gene expression down to basal levels. NIH 3T3, MC 3T3, and ROS 17/2.8 cells showed the expected nuclear localization of Cbfa1, whereas TAZ was distributed throughout the cytoplasm with some nuclear localization when transfected with either Cbfa1 or TAZ. Upon cotransfection by both Cbfa1 and TAZ, the transfected TAZ shows predominant nuclear localization. The dominant-negative construct of TAZ shows minimal nuclear localization upon cotransfection with Cbfa1. These data indicate that TAZ is a transcription coactivator for Cbfa1 and may be involved in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation.
Using Sparse Capabilities in a Distributed Operating System (1986)

A distributed operating system, Amoeba, that includes capabilities for naming and protecting objects is reported. In contrast to traditional centralized operating systems, in which capabilities are managed by the operating system kernel, in Amoeba all the capabilities are managed directly by user code. To prevent tampering, the capabilities are protected cryptographically. A variety of the issues involved is outlined, and four different ways of dealing with access rights are presented.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Second Generation of Pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines as Potent and Selective A2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists (1998)

New A2A adenosine receptor antagonists in the series of pyrazolo[4, 3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines, bearing oxygenated substituents on the phenylalkyl chains on the 7-position, have been synthesized. The compounds were tested in binding and functional assays to evaluate affinity, potency, and selectivity for rat A2A compared to rat A1 and human A3 receptor subtypes. The most interesting compounds (5d,e,h) were tested also in binding to human A1 and A2A adenosine receptors. They showed very good affinity (Ki = 0.94 nM for compound 5h) and interesting selectivity with respect to both rA1 and hA3 (compound 5h: rA1/rA2A = 787, hA3/rA2A > 10 000). These important findings make this new series of compounds the first really selective for A2A adenosine receptors. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated; all the tested compounds displayed an enthalpy-driven binding as expected for antagonists. Moreover, compound 5h showed a negative entropy value. The highly negative enthalpic and entropic contributions could mean that 5h fits very well in the binding site where, probably, an electrostatic interaction is present associated to a scarce solvent reorganization around the receptor binding site. These compounds deserve to be further developed to assess their potential for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease.
Atorvastatin Reduces Neurological Deficit and Increases Synaptogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Neuronal Survival in Rats Subjected to Traumatic Brain Injury (2004)

Statins administered postischemia promote functional improvement in rats, independent of their capability to lower cholesterol. We therefore tested the effect of statin treatment on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Atorvastatin was orally administered (1 mg/kg/day) to Wistar rats starting 1 day after TBI for 7 consecutive days. Control animals received saline. Modified Neurological Severity Scores and Corner tests were utilized to evaluate functional response to treatment. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 100 mg/kg) was also intraperitoneally injected daily for 14 consecutive days to label the newly generated endothelial cells. Rats were sacrificed at day 14 after TBI, and the brain samples were processed for immunohistochemical staining. Atorvastatin administration after brain injury significantly reduced the neurological functional deficits, increased neuronal survival and synaptogenesis in the boundary zone of the lesion and in the CA3 regions of the hippocampus, and induced angiogenesis in these regions. The results suggest that atorvastatin may provide beneficial effects in experimental TBI.
LiSc(BH4)4: A Novel Salt of Li+ and Discrete Sc(BH4)4− Complex Anions (2008)

LiSc(BH4)4 has been prepared by ball milling of LiBH4 and ScCl3. Vibrational spectroscopy indicates the presence of discrete Sc(BH4)4(-) ions. DFT calculations of this isolated complex ion confirm that it is a stable complex, and the calculated vibrational spectra agree well with the experimental ones. The four BH4(-) groups are oriented with a tilted plane of three hydrogen atoms directed to the central Sc ion, resulting in a global 8 + 4 coordination. The crystal structure obtained by high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction reveals a tetragonal unit cell with a = 6.076 A and c = 12.034 A (space group P-42c). The local structure of the Sc(BH4)4(-) complex is refined as a distorted form of the theoretical structure. The Li ions are found to be disordered along the z axis.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of the Atria Eliminates Pacing-Induced Sustained Atrial Fibrillation and Reduces Connexin 43 in Dogs (1997)

Rapid atrial pacing for long time periods induced sustained AF that can be eliminated by linear right and left atrial lesions created with RFCA, with preservation of sinus rhythm and atrial contractile function. Chronic AF increased the expression and distribution of gap junction protein Cx43, which became reduced in ablated and nearby nonablated areas.
Keratocyte Apoptosis After Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Using Riboflavin/UVA Treatment (2003)

Riboflavin/UVA treatment leads to a dose-dependent keratocyte damage that can be expected in human corneas down to a depth of 300 microm using a surface UVA dose of 5.4 J/cm2. Future studies should be done to examine the keratocyte repopulation and exclude possible adverse sequelae of keratocyte loss like stromal scarring or thinning.
Ligation of DNA Triangles Containing Double Crossover Molecules (1998)

An antiparallel DNA double crossover molecule has been incorporated into one edge of a DNA triangle. The goal in this work is to combine a rigid geometrical motif, the triangle, with a rigid DNA motif, the double crossover, incorporating the properties of branched DNA. The triangle has been designed to contain 3 turns of DNA in each edge. The double crossover molecule produces an extra domain along its edge. The extra domain can be restricted by Bbs I to produce two complementary sticky ends separated by 4.5 turns of DNA. Ligation-closure experiments performed on the restricted triangle yield very long reporter strands and no indications of cyclization, suggesting that the double crossover molecule retains its stiffness when incorporated in the triangle. These experiments are evaluated through the use of denaturing gel electrophoresis. The ligation products have been visualized by atomic force microscopy, under nondenaturing conditions. Clear zigzag species can be identified as triangles ligated in one dimension. The images show no systematic distortions such as permanent bends. These visualizations have been confirmed by alternating triangles with simple double crossover molecules. When double crossover molecules containing 4.0 turns are alternated with triangles, the spacing of the vertexes is increased appropriately. When the double crossover molecules contain 4.5 turns, all the vertexes appear on the same side of the linear fragment, confirming the correlation between chemical input and mesoscopic images in the atomic force microscope. We conclude that double crossover molecules can be incorporated into at least one side of a triangle without any apparent effect on their rigidity.
Raman Spectroscopic Imaging Markers for Fatigue-Related Microdamage in Bovine Bone (2000)

Raman spectroscopic markers have been determined for fatigue-related microdamage in bovine bone. Microdamage was induced using a cyclic fatigue loading regime. After loading, the specimens were stained en-bloc with basic fuchsin to facilitate damage visualization and differentiate fatigue-induced damage from cracks generated during subsequent histological sectioning. Bone tissue specimens were examined by light microscopy and hyperspectral near-infrared Raman imaging microscopy. Three regions were definedtissue with no visible damage, tissue with microcracks, and tissue with diffuse damage. Raman transects, lines of 150−200 Raman spectra, were used for initial tissue surveys. Exploratory factor analysis of the transect Raman spectra has identified spectroscopically distinct chemical microstructures of the bone specimens that correlate with damage. In selected regions of damage, full hyperspectral Raman images were obtained with 1.4-μm spatial resolution. In regions of undamaged tissue, the phosphate ν1 band is found at 957 cm-1, as expected for the carbonated hydroxyapatic bone mineral. However, in regions of visible microdamage, an additional phosphate ν1 band is observed at 963 cm-1 and interpreted as a more stoichiometric, less carbonated mineral species. Raman imaging confirms the qualitative relationship between the Raman spectral signature of bone mineral and the type of microdamage in bovine bone. Two tentative explanations for the presence of less carbonated phosphate in damaged regions are proposed.
Tunable VUV radiation generated by two-photon resonant frequency mixing in xenon (1983)

Efficient two-photon resonant frequency conversion of powerful pulsed dye laser radiation generates in Xe intense VUV light at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{VUV} = 2\omega_{UV} - \omega_{D}</tex> . The frequency ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UV</inf> is tuned to the 5p-6p [ <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{5}{2},2</tex> ] two-photon resonance ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda_{UV} = 255.9</tex> nm). For dye laser radiation ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</inf> at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda_{D} = 300-760</tex> nm ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VUV</inf> is tunable in the spectral range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda_{VUV} = 155-220</tex> nm. The resonantly enhanced conversion efficiency is typically 0.05-0.2 percent; the generated VUV pulse power <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P_{VUV} = 0.5-1</tex> kW. The experimental results provide detailed information on conversion limiting saturation phenomena and their dependence on the input power and the detuning of ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UV</inf> from the two-photon resonance.
Silencing of Rac3 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells (2015)

Thus, functional analysis using shRNAs revealed a critical role for Rac3 in the tumor growth of LC cells. shRNA silencing of Rac3 could provide an effective strategy to treat LC.
Randomized clinical trial of virtual reality simulation for laparoscopic skills training (2004)

Surgeons who received VR simulator training showed significantly greater improvement in performance in the OR than those in the control group. VR surgical simulation is therefore a valid tool for training of laparoscopic psychomotor skills and could be incorporated into surgical training programmes.
Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy (2015)

There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that rutosides appear to help relieve the symptoms of varicose veins in late pregnancy. However, this finding is based on one study (69 women) and there are not enough data presented in the study to assess its safety in pregnancy. Reflexology or water immersion appears to help improve symptoms for women with leg oedema, but again this is based on two small studies (43 and 32 women, respectively).
GOLD: a parallel real-time stereo vision system for generic obstacle and lane detection (1998)

This paper describes the generic obstacle and lane detection system (GOLD), a stereo vision-based hardware and software architecture to be used on moving vehicles to increment road safety. Based on a full-custom massively parallel hardware, it allows to detect both generic obstacles (without constraints on symmetry or shape) and the lane position in a structured environment (with painted lane markings) at a rate of 10 Hz. Thanks to a geometrical transform supported by a specific hardware module, the perspective effect is removed from both left and right stereo images; the left is used to detect lane markings with a series of morphological filters, while both remapped stereo images are used for the detection of free-space in front of the vehicle. The output of the processing is displayed on both an on-board monitor and a control-panel to give visual feedbacks to the driver. The system was tested on the mobile laboratory (MOB-LAB) experimental land vehicle, which was driven for more than 3000 km along extra-urban roads and freeways at speeds up to 80 km/h, and demonstrated its robustness with respect to shadows and changing illumination conditions, different road textures, and vehicle movement.
Continuous Wound Irrigation in the Pig (1990)

It was demonstrated in the pig that full-thickness wounds in the skin can be continuously treated by irrigation for several days. Irrigation was accomplished through a porous, occlusively applied dressing having two ports, one for supply and one for drainage. The fluid, delivered by means of an iv set, was sucked through the inert dressing, leaving it partially saturated, and with fluid spread evenly through its pores. Particulate matter was removed along narrow paths converging on the outlet, not showing any significant diversion. The apparatus for fluid supply and drainage was arranged to move with the animal, thus eliminating the risk of obstruction of the tubes as a result of twisting. The fluid was eliminated by one suction line, and the vacuum in the dressing maintained by another. This allowed the suction to be adjusted to a level near the atmospheric pressure.
Comprehensive mutant enzyme and viral variant assessment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase resistance to nonnucleoside inhibitors (1993)

The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors comprise a class of structurally diverse compounds that are functionally related and specific for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RT. Viral variants resistant to these compounds arise readily in cell culture and in treated, infected human. Therefore, the eventual clinical usefulness of the nonnucleoside inhibitors will rely on a thorough understanding of the genetic and biochemical bases for resistance. A study was performed to assess the effects of substitutions at each RT amino acid residue that influences the enzyme's susceptibility to the various nonnucleoside compounds. Single substitutions were introduced into both purified enzyme and virus. The resulting patterns of resistance were markedly distinct for each of the tested inhibitors. For instance, a > 50-fold loss of enzyme susceptibility to BI-RG-587 was engendered by any of four individual substitutions, while the same level of relative resistance to the pyridinone derivatives was mediated only by substitution at residue 181. Similarly, substitution at residue 181. Similarly, substitution at residue 106 had a noted effect on virus resistance to BI-RG-587 but not to the pyridinones. The opposite effect was mediated by a substitution at residue 179. Such knowledge of nonucleoside inhibitor resistance profiles may help in understanding the basis for resistant virus selection during clinical studies of these compounds.
SnSe Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Structure, Optical Properties, and Surface Chemistry (2010)

The colloidal synthesis of SnSe nanoparticles is accomplished through the injection of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]tin(II) into hot trioctylphosphine:selenium in the presence of oleylamine. Through the manipulation of reaction temperature particles are grown with the average diameter reliably tuned to 4-10 nm. Quantum confinement is examined by establishing a relationship between particle size and band gap while the in depth growth dynamics are illuminated through UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy. Surface chemistry effects are explored, including the demonstration of useful ligand exchanges and the development of routes toward anisotropic particle growth. Finally, transient current-voltage properties of SnSe nanocrystal films in the dark and light are examined.
Photothermally Enhanced Drug Delivery by Ultrasmall Multifunctional FeCo/Graphitic Shell Nanocrystals (2011)

FeCo/graphitic carbon shell (FeCo/GC) nanocrystals (∼4-5 nm in diameter) with ultrahigh magnetization are synthesized, functionalized, and developed into multifunctional biocompatible materials. We demonstrate the ability of this material to serve as an integrated system for combined drug delivery, near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vitro. We show highly efficient loading of doxorubicin (DOX) by π-stacking on the graphitic shell to afford FeCo/GC-DOX complexes and pH sensitive DOX release from the particles. We observe enhanced intracellular drug delivery by FeCo/GC-DOX under 20 min of NIR laser (808 nm) induced hyperthermia to 43 °C, resulting in a significant increase of FeCo/GC-DOX toxicity toward breast cancer cells. The synergistic cancer cell killing by FeCo/GC-DOX drug delivery under photothermal heating is due to a ∼two-fold enhancement of cancer cell uptake of FeCo/GC-DOX complex and the increased DOX toxicity under the 43 °C hyperthermic condition. The combination of synergistic NIR photothermally enhanced drug delivery and MRI with the FeCo/GC nanocrystals could lead to a powerful multimodal system for biomedical detection and therapy.
Chemical Conversion of a DNA-Binding Protein into a Site-Specific Nuclease (1987)

The tryptophan gene (trp) repressor of Escherichia coli has been converted into a site-specific nuclease by covalently attaching it to the 1,10-phenanthroline-copper complex. In its cuprous form, the coordination complex with hydrogen peroxide as a coreactant cleaves DNA by oxidatively attacking the deoxyribose moiety. The chemistry for the attachment of 1,10-phenanthroline to the trp repressor involves modification of lysyl residues with iminothiolane followed by alkylation of the resulting sulfhydryl groups with 5-iodoacetamido-1,10-phenanthroline. The modified trp repressor cleaves the operators of aroH and trpEDCBA upon the addition of cupric ion and thiol in a reaction dependent on the corepressor L-tryptophan. Scission was restricted to the binding site for the repressor, defined by deoxyribonuclease I footprinting. Since DNA-binding proteins have recognition sequences approximately 20 base pairs long, the nucleolytic activities derived from them could be used to isolate long DNA fragments for sequencing or chromosomal mapping.
Transcriptional Coactivator Drosophila Eyes Absent Homologue 2 Is Up-Regulated in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Promotes Tumor Growth (2005)

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most frequent cause of gynecologic malignancy-related mortality in women. To identify genes up-regulated in ovarian cancer, PCR-select cDNA subtraction was done and Drosophila Eyes Absent Homologue 2 (EYA2) was isolated as a promising candidate. The transcriptional coactivator eya controls essential cellular functions during organogenesis of Drosophila. EYA2 mRNA was found to be up-regulated in ovarian cancer by real-time reverse transcription-PCR, whereas its protein product was detected in 93.6% of ovarian cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry (n = 140). EYA2 was amplified in 14.8% of ovarian carcinomas, as detected by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (n = 88). Most importantly, EYA2 overexpression was significantly associated with short overall survival in advanced ovarian cancer (n = 99, P = 0.0361). EYA2 was found to function as transcriptional activator in ovarian cancer cells by Gal4 assay and to promote tumor growth in vivo in xenograft models. Therefore, this study suggests an important role of EYA2 in ovarian cancer and its potential application as a therapeutic target.