gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Macrophage Ca2+-independent Phospholipase A2 by Bromoenol Lactone and Trifluoromethyl Ketones (1995)

A novel Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has recently been purified from the murine macrophage-like cell line P388D1 (Ackermann, E. J., Kempner, E. S., and Dennis, E. A. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 9227-9233). This enzyme is now shown to be inhibited by palmitoyl trifluoromethyl ketone (PACOCF3), arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (AACOCF3), and a bromoenol lactone (BEL). Both PACOCF3 and AACOCF3 were found to inhibit the macrophage PLA2 in a concentration-dependent manner. PACOCF3 was found to be approximately 4-fold more potent than AACOCF3, with IC50 values of 3.8 microM (0.0075 mol fraction) and 15 microM (0.028 mol fraction), respectively. Reaction progress curves in the presence of either inhibitor were found to be linear, and the PACOCF3.PLA2 complex rapidly dissociated upon dilution. BEL was also found to inhibit the macrophage PLA2 in a concentration-dependent manner, with half-maximal inhibition observed at 60 nM after a 5-min preincubation at 40 degrees C. Inhibition was not reversed after extensive dilution of the enzyme into assay buffer. Treatment of the PLA2 with BEL resulted in a linear, time-dependent inactivation of activity, and the rate of this inactivation was diminished in the presence of PACOCF3. In addition, PLA2 treated with [3H]BEL resulted in the covalent labeling of a major band at M(r) 80,000. Inactivation of the PLA2 by 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) prior to treatment with [3H]BEL resulted in the near complete lack of labeling consistent with covalent irreversible suicide inhibition of the enzyme. The labeling of a M(r) 80,000 band rather than a M(r) 40,000 band upon treatment with [3H]BEL distinguishes the macrophage Ca(2+)-independent PLA2 from a previously identified myocardial Ca(2+)-independent PLA2 and provides strong evidence that the M(r) 80,000 protein is the catalytic subunit.
Molecular characterization of lysine 6-dehydrogenase from Achromobacter denitrificans (2008)

An inducible lysine 6-dehydrogenase (Lys 6-DH), which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of the 6-amino group of L-lysine in the presence of NAD(+), was purified to homogeneity from Achromobacter denitrificans, yielding a homodimeric protein of 80 kDa. The enzyme was specific for the substrate L-lysine and NAD(+) served as a cofactor. The dimeric enzyme associated into a hexamer in the presence of 10 mM L-lysine. The K(m) values for L-lysine and NAD(+) were 5.0 and 0.09 mM, respectively. The lys 6-dh gene was cloned and overexpressed in E. coli. The open reading frame was 1,107 nucleotides long and encoded a peptide containing 368 amino acids with 39,355 Da. The recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity and characterized. Enzyme activities and kinetic properties of the recombinant enzyme were almost the same as those of the endogenous enzyme obtained from A. denitrificans. Crystals of the enzyme were obtained using the hanging drop method.
Callus Response to Micromovement After Elongation in the Rabbit (1996)

Summary The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether induced micromovement could improve the consolidation of diaphyseal elongation by callus distraction. Two series of paired rabbit hindlimbs were studied. The surgical procedure, waiting period, and elongation period were identical. One hindlimb was then left under neutralization conditions, but the other limb was stimulated by axial micromovements. Reproducible tibial osteotomy and lengthening of the two tibiae were confirmed radiographically. The mineralized callus was quantified by dual-beam x-ray absorptiometry. The anteroposterior and lateral diameters of the callus were measured. A semiquantitative histologic study allowed the ratio between fibrous or cartilaginous callus or both and mineralized callus to be determined. Bones were axially compressed to failure. Callus volume, callus mineral content, callus mineral density, and mechanical forces required to failure were significantly superior on the stimulated side compared with the neutralized side, so micromovements applied after the end of elongation were beneficial for bone healing. Mechanical forces required to failure were significantly correlated to callus volume and callus mineral density.
A transformation for ordering multispectral data in terms of image quality with implications for noise removal (1988)

A transformation known as the maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation, which always produces new components ordered by image quality, is presented. It can be shown that this transformation is equivalent to principal components transformations when the noise variance is the same in all bands and that it reduces to a multiple linear regression when noise is in one band only. Noise can be effectively removed from multispectral data by transforming to the MNF space, smoothing or rejecting the most noisy components, and then retransforming to the original space. In this way, more intense smoothing can be applied to the MNF components with high noise and low signal content than could be applied to each band of the original data. The MNF transformation requires knowledge of both the signal and noise covariance matrices. Except when the noise is in one band only, the noise covariance matrix needs to be estimated. One procedure for doing this is discussed and examples of cleaned images are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Biaxial stretching and structure of various LLDPE resins (2004)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the biaxial stretchability, the structure developed, molecular orientation and shrinkage of linear low‐density octene copolymers (LLDPEs) biaxially stretched using a laboratory biaxial stretcher. Seven resins having different molecular characteristics were used in this study. The effect of stretching temperature and rate on stretchability is assessed. Biaxial orientation factors for the crystalline axes as well as that of the amorphous phase were determined using FTIR spectroscopy and shrinkage of oriented films was measured. The results indicate that the high molecular weight tail (Mz) and comonomer content play important roles in orientation of the resins. Higher Mz, MWD and resin content eluting above 90°C (by TREF technique) tends to increase orientation, and finally, some correlation between orientation and Mz, MWD and resin content eluting above 90°C and between shrinkage and amorphous orientation were observed.
Joint symbol timing and channel estimation for OFDM based WLANs (2001)

The orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing access technique has been attracting considerable interest especially for wireless local area networks (WLANs). We consider the joint estimation of the symbol timing, the channel length and the channel-impulse response. A novel estimation algorithm based on maximum-likelihood principles and the generalized Akaike information criterion are proposed. We provide simulation results to illustrate the performance of our proposed algorithm.
Developing an information management plan. (1998)

With demands for outcomes measurement data increasing, case managers can quickly become overburdened with data-collection responsibilities. That's why it's more important than ever to coordinate information flow and minimize redundant data gathering by case managers. The first step in developing an information management plan is to identify who in the organization is gathering, analyzing, and using performance data. That means being aware of what departments outside of case management are doing. Then the case management department can design electronic linkages with computerized databases that contain information necessary to support improvement efforts. Any information management plan should contain provisions governing the release of performance measurement data. Issues to consider include: the patient's right to confidentiality; JCAHO standards and state statutes pertaining to hospital information systems; hospital policies and procedures on departmental information systems; and physicians' and employees' right to confidentiality.
4D flow MRI (2012)

Traditionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of flow using phase contrast (PC) methods is accomplished using methods that resolve single-directional flow in two spatial dimensions (2D) of an individual slice. More recently, three-dimensional (3D) spatial encoding combined with three-directional velocity-encoded phase contrast MRI (here termed 4D flow MRI) has drawn increased attention. 4D flow MRI offers the ability to measure and to visualize the temporal evolution of complex blood flow patterns within an acquired 3D volume. Various methodological improvements permit the acquisition of 4D flow MRI data encompassing individual vascular structures and entire vascular territories such as the heart, the adjacent aorta, the carotid arteries, abdominal, or peripheral vessels within reasonable scan times. To subsequently analyze the flow data by quantitative means and visualization of complex, three-directional blood flow patterns, various tools have been proposed. This review intends to introduce currently used 4D flow MRI methods, including Cartesian and radial data acquisition, approaches for accelerated data acquisition, cardiac gating, and respiration control. Based on these developments, an overview is provided over the potential this new imaging technique has in different parts of the body from the head to the peripheral arteries.
Acute Renal Failure Associated with Increased Intra-abdominal Pressure (1983)

Anuric renal failure developed in four patients in association with increased intra-abdominal pressure from postoperative hemorrhage. Polyuria and resolution of the renal failure occurred in each patient in response to operative decompression of the abdomen. Renal failure secondary to increased intra-abdominal pressure has been previously produced experimentally in dogs by the intraperitoneal installation of graded amounts of saline. This is the first report of this type of renal failure in clinical practice.
Kinetic resolution of primary 2-methyl-substituted alcohols via Pseudomonas cepacia lipase-catalysed enantioselective acylation (2000)

The enantioselectivities of lipases from Pseudomonas cepacia (PFL, Amano PS, etc.) towards a series of primary 2-methyl-substituted alcohols using vinyl acetate as the acyl donor in transesterifications in organic solvents were studied. In terms of enantioselectivity, the best results were found for 3-aryl-2-methylpropan-1-ols with enantiomeric ratios (E-values) over 100 in most cases, whereas other 3-substituted primary 2-methylpropan-1-ols generally displayed lower enantioselectivities: 3-cycloalkyl-2-methylpropan-1-ols (E ≈ 20) and 2-methylalkan-1-ols (E ≈ 10). Moving the aryl group closer or further away from the chiral centre resulted in low enantioselectivities: 2-arylpropan-1-ols (E < 10), 2-methyl-4-(2-thienyl)butan-1-ol (E = 12), 2-methyl-5-(2-thienyl)pentan-1-ol (E = 3.2) and 2-methyl-6-(2-thienyl)hexan-1-ol (E = 3.8).
Birth Weight and Adult Hypertension and Obesity in Women (1996)

Early life exposures affecting birth weight may be important in the development of hypertension and obesity in adults.
Leukotriene A4 hydrolase in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. (1994)

We examined cell-free human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for enzymes of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. BALF was obtained from six patients who were active smokers and six nonsmokers. Enzymatic activity in cell-free BALF was assessed by specific assays for leukotriene (LT) A4 hydrolase, 5-lipoxygenase, and LTC4 synthase using HPLC. Only LTA4 hydrolase enzymatic activity was found. This activity ranged from 101 to 667 when expressed as picomoles of LTB4 produced per milliliter BALF. Enzymatic activity in smokers vs nonsmokers was 484 +/- 120 vs 129 +/- 32 pmol LTB4/ml BALF (mean +/- SD, P < 0.0001). There were no leukotrienes found in BALF before assay. Immunoblot analysis revealed an immunoreactive band at a relative molecular mass of 69,000 D in all samples, consistent with LTA4 hydrolase, but no evidence of 5-lipoxygenase. BALF had greater LTA4 hydrolase activity per milligram of protein than neutrophil cytosol, epithelial cell cytosol, plasma, or serum. The synthesis of LTB4 was significantly increased when neutrophils were stimulated in BALF. These data indicate the selective presence of LTA4 hydrolase in BALF which is significantly increased in smokers. This enzyme in BALF may contribute to the inflammatory response in tobacco-related lung disease.
Pulmonary surfactant‐associated polypeptide SP‐C in lipid micelles: CD studies of intact SP‐C and NMR secondary structure determination of depalmitoyl‐SP‐C(1–17) (1995)

The surfactant-associated polypeptide C (SP-C) is a 35-residue lipopolypeptide which is essential for the function of surfactants used for therapy of infant respiratory distress. Modeling based on the recently determined nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of native SP-C in an organic solvent showed that SP-C could readily insert into fluid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine bilayers. The present paper describes further physical-chemical studies of intact SP-C and its N-terminal 17-residue polypeptide fragment, depalmitoyl-SP-C(1-17), in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine micelles. The results obtained provide a link between the NMR solution structure and the behaviour of SP-C in an ordered lipid environment, and thus present new insights for rational design of SP-C analogs for therapeutic purposes.
(μ-4-Bromo-2-{1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethylimino]ethyl}phenolato)bis[ethylzinc(II)] (2007)

The title complex, [Zn(2)(C(2)H(5))(2)(C(12)H(16)BrN(2)O)(2)], is dimeric, bridged through the O atoms of the phenolate anions. The molecule lies on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis. Each Zn atom is penta-coordinated by two N atoms and two bridging O atoms of the tridentate salicylideneiminate ligands and one C atom from an ethyl group, forming a distorted square-pyramidal environment.
Rift Valley Fever in Chad (2004)

To evaluate the importance of human exposure to Rift Valley fever virus in Chad, investigations were carried out to determine specific antibody prevalence in domestic ruminants during the 2002 rainy season. Results highlighted recent, substantial, active transmission of this virus.
Amplification of the neu (c-erbB-2) oncogene in human mammmary tumors is relatively frequent and is often accompanied by amplification of the linked c-erbA oncogene. (1987)

We investigated alterations in the structure and expression of oncogenes in mammary tumors and mammary tumor-derived cell lines. In 16 of 95 samples, we detected amplification of the human neu oncogene, also known as c-erB-2, accompanied by overexpression in the tumors from which intact RNA could be isolated. In 10 of these DNAs, the linked oncogene c-erbA was also amplified, whereas another gene on human chromosome 17, p53, was present in normal copy numbers. Overexpression of c-erbA could not be detected in the tumors analyzed. The relatively high frequency of neu amplification points to a functional role in human breast cancer. Coamplification of the c-erbA oncogene could contribute to this disease as well but is most likely fortuitous.
Clinical trial results of the HER‐2/neu (E75) vaccine to prevent breast cancer recurrence in high‐risk patients (2011)

The E75 vaccine has clinical efficacy that is more prominent in certain patients. A phase 3 trial enrolling lymph node-positive patients with HER2 low-expressing tumors is warranted.
The fibronectin gene as a model for splicing and transcription studies (1996)

The fibronectin (FN) gene has become paradigmatic to illustrate genome evolution by exon shuffling, generation of protein diversity by alternative mRNA splicing, and topological coordination between transcription and splicing. Alternative splicing in three sites of the primary transcript gives rise to multiple FN polypeptides. This process is cell type-, development- and age-regulated. The different FN variants seem to play specific roles in FN dimer secretion, blood clotting, adhesion to lymphoid cells, skin wound healing, atherosclerosis, and liver fibrosis. This review focuses on function assignment to the alternatively spliced segments, as well as on the external signals and cis-acting sequences that control the mechanisms of alternative splicing. We also discuss FN transcriptional regulation in response to viral transformation, growth factors, and cyclic AMP in the light of promoter architecture and its interaction with specific transcription factors. The relevance of FN RNA "tracks" as assembly lines of coordinated transcription and RNA processing is also addressed.
The etiologic agents of leprosy and tuberculosis share an immunoreactive protein antigen with the vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1987)

The amino acid sequences of the 65-kilodalton antigens of Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium bovis BCG display greater than 95% homology.
16S gut community of the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (2015)

Through a combination of increased disease prevalence and relatively high gut microbial homogeneity in the subset of CCHC members we examined, we believe that the CCHC may represent an ideal community to dissect mechanisms underlying the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease. The lack of CCHC subject gut community segregation based on all tested metadata suggests that the community structure we observe in the CCHC likely occurs early in life, and endures. This persistent 'disease'-related gut microbial community in CCHC subjects may enhance existing genetic or lifestyle predispositions to the prevalent diseases of the CCHC, leading to increased attack rates of obesity, T2D, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and others.
Glucocorticoid Receptor-induced MAPK Phosphatase-1 (MPK-1) Expression Inhibits Paclitaxel-associated MAPK Activation and Contributes to Breast Cancer Cell Survival (2004)

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation has recently been shown to inhibit apoptosis in breast epithelial cells. We have previously described a group of genes that is rapidly up-regulated in these cells following dexamethasone (Dex) treatment. In an effort to dissect the mechanisms of GR-mediated breast epithelial cell survival, we now examine the molecular events downstream of GR activation. Here we show that GR activation leads to both the rapid induction of MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) mRNA and its sustained expression. Induction of the MKP-1 protein in the MCF10A-Myc and MDA-MB-231 breast epithelial cell lines was also seen. Paclitaxel treatment resulted in MAPK activation and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, and both processes were inhibited by Dex pretreatment. Furthermore, induction of MKP-1 correlated with the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity, whereas p38 activity was minimally affected. Blocking Dex-induced MKP-1 induction using small interfering RNA increased ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation and decreased cell survival. ERK1/2 and JNK inactivation was associated with Ets-like transcription factor-1 (ELK-1) dephosphorylation. To explore the gene expression changes that occur downstream of ELK-1 dephosphorylation, we used a combination of temporal gene expression data and promoter element analyses. This approach revealed a previously unrecognized transcriptional target of ELK-1, the human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). We verified the predicted ELK-1--> tPA transcriptional regulatory relationship using a luciferase reporter assay. We conclude that GR-mediated MAPK inactivation contributes to cell survival and that the potential transcriptional targets of this inhibition can be identified from large scale gene array analysis.
Fault Tolerance Achieved in VLSI (1984)

This quad-modular redundant system offers a cost-effective alternativefor supporting fault tolerance by incorporating hardware/software independence and five redundancy mechanisms to correct both transient and permanent errors.
The ClpXP and ClpAP proteases degrade proteins with carboxy-terminal peptide tails added by the SsrA-tagging system (1998)

Interruption of translation in Escherichia coli can lead to the addition of an 11-residue carboxy-terminal peptide tail to the nascent chain. This modification is mediated by SsrA RNA (also called 10Sa RNA and tmRNA) and marks the tagged polypeptide for proteolysis. Degradation in vivo of lambda repressor amino-terminal domain variants bearing this carboxy-terminal SsrA peptide tag is shown here to depend on the cytoplasmic proteases ClpXP and ClpAP. Degradation in vitro of SsrA-tagged substrates was reproduced with purified components and required a substrate with a wild-type SsrA tail, the presence of both ClpP and either ClpA or ClpX, and ATP. Clp-dependent proteolysis accounts for most degradation of SsrA-tagged amino-domain substrates at 32 degrees C, but additional proteases contribute to the degradation of some of these SsrA-tagged substrates at 39 degrees C. The existence of multiple cytoplasmic proteases that function in SsrA quality-control surveillance suggests that the SsrA tag is designed to serve as a relatively promiscuous signal for proteolysis. Having diverse degradation systems able to recognize this tag may increase degradation capacity, permit degradation of a wide variety of different tagged proteins, or allow SsrA-tagged proteins to be degraded under different growth conditions.
Functional localization of the system for visuospatial attention using positron emission tomography (1997)

PET was used to image the neural system underlying visuospatial attention. Analysis of data at both the group and individual-subject level provided anatomical resolution superior to that described to date. Six right-handed male subjects were selected from a pilot behavioural study in which behavioural responses and eye movements were recorded. The attention tasks involved covert shifts of attention, where peripheral cues indicated the location of subsequent target stimuli to be discriminated. One attention condition emphasized reflexive aspects of spatial orientation, while the other required controlled shifts of attention. PET activations agreed closely with the cortical regions recently proposed to form the core of a neural network for spatial attention. The two attention tasks evoked largely overlapping patterns of neural activation, supporting the existence of a general neural system for visuospatial attention with regional functional specialization. Specifically, neocortical activations were observed in the right anterior cingulate gyrus (Brodmann area 24), in the intraparietal sulcus of right posterior parietal cortex, and in the mesial and lateral premotor cortices (Brodmann area 6).
New revise to Prunella from Henan (2003)

This paper presesnt a report of varieties species of Labiatae as new records in Henan. And revise for the Prunella from Henan.
V(D)J Recombination in Mature B Cells: A Mechanism for Altering Antibody Responses (1997)

The clonal selection theory states that B lymphocytes producing high-affinity immunoglobulins are selected from a pool of cells undergoing antibody gene mutation. Somatic hypermutation is a well-documented mechanism for achieving diversification of immune responses in mature B cells. Antibody genes were also found to be modified in such cells in germinal centers by recombination of the variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments. The ability to alter immunoglobulin expression by V(D)J recombination in the selective environment of the germinal center may be an additional mechanism for inactivation or diversification of immune responses.