gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AN IMPACT TESTING DEVICE FOR IN SITU BASE COURSE EVALUATION (1976)

This paper describes the development of an impact testing device for evaluation of pavement base courses. It consists essentially of a laboratory compaction hammer to which has been attached an accelerometer. The peak output from the accelerometer as generated by impact with the ground surface is indicated on a specially designed hand-held meter. The procedure is to apply a series of impacts at the one position until a constant value is being recorded. This usually requires about six blows. Laboratory and field experimental results are presented for a well-graded fine crushed rock, a laterite gravel, a calcareous sandstone and fine sand. These data indicate the influence of moisture content on the impact value. It is deduced that there is a relationship between the Texas Class Numbers and the accelerations, and that a unique value is indicated for the 'dry leg' of the compaction curve; on this basis it is suggested that it should be possible to devise a procedure for acceptance based on the accelerations. Using a 500 gram hammer it is possible to extend the procedure for application to density control of fine sand. It is concluded that the instrument meets the main requirements for an in situ test and that it may provide a means of quickly and economically assessing acceptable construction.
Design Space Exploration of TAGE Branch Predictor with Ultra-Small RAM (2017)

In embedded processors, the RAM resources required by branch predictor compared to desktop or server processors are far from being reached. Utilizing the limited resources to design superior performance branch predictor has become urgent challenge. In this paper, we exploit the performance of complex TAGE implemented in ultra-small RAM processor. We first define design space exploration problem of the TAGE under the constraints of given RAM size and maximum global history register length. Then, based on the trace-driven simulation, the improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used to efficiently explore the specific parameters, rewarding design parameters with high prediction accuracy under RAM ranging from 0.125KB to 4KB. We found that, for the traces of this paper, the parameters under the 1.5KB RAM explored by our algorithm can achieve adequate accuracy. The performance loss is considerably small if we reduce the RAM resources from 8KB to 1.5KB. In addition, the misprediction rate of 1.5KB TAGE are reduced by 63.41% compared to 1.5KB Bi-mode. And, 0.25KB TAGE has almost the same accuracy with 4KB GShare.
Cell adhesion molecules and their subgroups in the nervous system (1991)

Structural relationships among cell adhesion molecules have been used to classify two large families of these molecules into subgroups. The cell adhesion molecules within each subgroup share several structural features that indicate that they may function in similar or complementary ways either simultaneously or at different times and locations.
Highly Stable Si−C Linked Functionalized Monolayers on the Silicon (100) Surface (1998)

Monolayers that are bonded via a covalent Si−C bond are prepared on a silicon(100) surface by reaction of a 1-alkene with the hydrogen-terminated silicon surface. The monolayers have been analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray reflectivity, and water contact angle measurements and display a remarkably high thermal stability. The reaction also works well for ω-functionalized 1-alkenes, provided that the functional group is properly protected. After formation of the monolayer, the protecting group can be easily removed without noticeable disturbance of the monolayer integrity, and the now reactive sites at the monolayer can be used for further functionalization, as has been shown in the case of ester-protected alcohol and carboxylic acids. Functional groups that are too close to the alkene moiety interfere with monolayer formation and yield disordered monolayers.
Anticancer Drug Development Guide (1997)

Experienced cancer researchers from pharmaceutical companies, government laboratories, and academia comprehensively review and describe the arduous process of cancer drug discovery and approval. They
Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells Express two forms of Erythropoietin Receptor mRNA (1996)

To study the existence of the erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R) mRNA in brain capillary endothelial cells, the reverse transcription (RT) PCR was performed using total RNAs from rat brain capillary endothelial cells (RBECs) and MBEC4, which is one of the established mouse brain capillary endothelial cell lines. Southern analysis of the RT-PCR products indicated that both RBECs and MBEC4 expressed an authentic form of Epo-R mRNA as a minor form and an intron-5-inserted form of Epo-R mRNA, thus a soluble form of Epo-R mRNA, as a major form. Furthermore, the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) on the DNA synthesis in RBECs was analyzed. rHuEpo showed a dose-dependent mitogenic action on RBECs as a competence factor. Radioiodinated rHuEpo was bound specifically to RBECs with time, cell number and dose dependencies. Binding studies with 125I-rHuEpo showed that RBECs had a single class of receptors with low-affinity (Kd = 860 pM) and that the number of sites/cell (10300) was abundant. These results suggest that brain capillary endothelial cells express not only an authentic form of Epo-R but also a soluble form of Epo-R and that erythropoietin acts directly on brain capillary endothelial cells as a competence factor.
Light-sheet microscopy imaging of a whole cleared rat brain with Thy1-GFP transgene (2016)

Whole-brain imaging with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and optically cleared tissue is a new, rapidly developing research field. Whereas successful attempts to clear and image mouse brain have been reported, a similar result for rats has proven difficult to achieve. Herein, we report on creating novel transgenic rat harboring fluorescent reporter GFP under control of neuronal gene promoter. We then present data on clearing the rat brain, showing that FluoClearBABB was found superior over passive CLARITY and CUBIC methods. Finally, we demonstrate efficient imaging of the rat brain using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy.
Somatomedin-C receptors and growth effects in human breast cells maintained in long-term tissue culture. (1984)

Somatomedin-C (SM-C) is a growth hormone-dependent polypeptide with potent mitogenic activity in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, we show that four human breast cell lines maintained in long-term tissue culture (MCF-7, T47-D, MDA-MB-231, and HBL-100) have type I somatomedin receptors and that SM-C stimulates DNA synthesis in these cells. The concentration of SM-C required for half-maximal stimulation of DNA synthesis varied from 0.03 nM in the MCF-7 cell line to 0.6 nM in the T47-D cells. Porcine insulin also stimulated DNA synthesis in all cell lines but, compared to SM-C, 10- to 1000-fold-higher concentrations were required. SM-C receptors on the four breast cell lines were characterized by competitive binding and chemical cross-linking techniques. The four cell lines varied widely in their SM-C binding. In three of the cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HBL-100), the SM-C receptor had a Kd for SM-C of 0.5 to 1 nM, and insulin competed for binding but with a potency 1/10 to 1/100 that of SM-C. In the T47-D cell line, the Kd for SM-C binding was 4 nM, and insulin competed poorly for binding. Chemical cross-linking studies showed that all four cell lines have type I somatomedin receptors. Variations in the sensitivity to SM-C and insulin stimulated DNA synthesis in the MCF-7 and T47-D cell lines correlated with type I somatomedin receptor binding by these cells. The data indicate that SM-C is mitogenic for cultured human breast cells and are consistent with the hypothesis that the mitogenic effect of insulin for these cells is mediated through the type I somatomedin receptor.
Research advance in application of tissue engineering in degenerative retinal diseases (2011)

The pathogenic basis of degenerative retinal diseases is structural and functional abnormality of neuron of retina.The irreversible damage of visual function is the unfortunate results of degenerative retinal diseases,and some effective treating approach to these blindness eye diseases is still in expectation.In recent years,stem cells replacement therapy is increasingly developed and is a prospective way for degenerative retinal diseases.But some formidable challenges for successfully grafting cells to the retina are waiting for further solving,such as migration,survival,and differentiation of the stem cells etc.Recent studies showed that retinal tissue engineering technique may be a good alternation to address all the problems mentioned above.The current advances in stem cell and tissue engineering retina researches,including selectable seed cells,appropriate scaffold materials and transferring method in vivo,are reviewed in this paper.

Key words: 
Stem cells; Degenerative retinal diseases; Tissue engineering; Transplantation
Cultured neonatal rat oligodendrocytes elaborate myelin membrane in the absence of neurons (1983)

We have utilized transmission electron microscopy to study oligodendrocyte-enriched cell cultures established from dissociated neonatal rat cerebra by the method of McCarthy and de Vellis [1980]. Cells were examined after 14 and 26 days in vitro. The overall morphology of the cells from cultures at both time periods was similar and consistent with previous reports of light (immature) oligodendrocyte fine structure. The cells contained an eccentrically located nucleus, prominent Golgi regions, numerous free ribosomes, and microtubules. Large numbers of processes with varying diameter were also observed. There was some indication of cytoplasmic maturation from the younger to the older cultures. The most important feature of the 26-day cultures was the large quantity of intercellular membranes which were shown to be continuous with oligodendrocyte processes. These membranes often exhibited the appearance of "loose myelin" and were therefore not normally compacted. Layers of membrane with the morphologic appearance of compact myelin were observed on an occasional oligodendrocyte perikaryon or process. This finding necessitates a reevaluation of the widely held theory that oligodendrocytes are not able to elaborate myelin in the absence of neurons.
A randomized trial of adding insulin glargine vs. avoidance of insulin in people with Type 2 diabetes on either no oral glucose‐lowering agents or submaximal doses of metformin and/or sulphonylureas. The Canadian INSIGHT (Implementing New Strategies with Insulin Glargine for Hyperglycaemia Treatment) Study (2006)

Adding insulin glargine is more likely to achieve a lower HbA(1c) level than conventional therapy with oral agents.
Experimental Study on Porous Metal Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheels (II) ─ Grinding Performance of Porous Wheels (2007)

In this paper, two metal-bonded diamond wheels with different porosity were fabricated. The porosity of diamond wheel without additives of pore inducers is 7% and the wheel with pore inducers is 38%. Grinding experiments with these two grinding wheels on marbles were carried out under different grinding conditions. Experimental results revealed that highly porous grinding wheel has smaller grinding forces and better self-sharpening ability than the compact grinding wheel under the same grinding conditions.
Hematopoietic progenitors express neural genes (2003)

Bone marrow, or cells selected from bone marrow, were reported recently to give rise to cells with a neural phenotype after in vitro treatment with neural-inducing factors or after delivery into the brain. However, we showed previously that untreated bone marrow cells express products of the neural myelin basic protein gene, and we demonstrate here that a subset of ex vivo bone marrow cells expresses the neurogenic transcription factor Pax-6 as well as neuronal genes encoding neurofilament H, NeuN (neuronal nuclear protein), HuC/HuD (Hu-antigen C/Hu-antigen D), and GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65), as well as the oligodendroglial gene encoding CNPase (2',3' cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase). In contrast, astroglial glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was not detected. These cells also were CD34+, a marker of hematopoietic stem cells. Cultures of these highly proliferative CD34+ cells, derived from adult mouse bone marrow, uniformly displayed a phenotype comparable with that of hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD45+, CD34+, Sca-1+, AA4.1+, cKit+, GATA-2+, and LMO-2+). The neuronal and oligodendroglial genes expressed in ex vivo bone marrow also were expressed in all cultured CD34+ cells, and GFAP was not observed. After CD34+ cell transplantation into adult brain, neuronal or oligodendroglial markers segregated into distinct nonoverlapping cell populations, whereas astroglial GFAP appeared, in the absence of other neural markers, in a separate set of implanted cells. Thus, neuronal and oligodendroglial gene products are present in a subset of bone marrow cells, and the expression of these genes can be regulated in brain. The fact that these CD34+ cells also express transcription factors (Rex-1 and Oct-4) that are found in early development elicits the hypothesis that they may be pluripotent embryonic-like stem cells.
Folate receptor of human mammary adenocarcinoma (1994)

Binding of 3H-folate to human mammary tumor homogenate was of a high-affinity type (K = 10(10) M-1) and displayed apparent positive cooperativity. Radioligand dissociation was slow at pH 7.4, but rapid at pH 3.5. As compared to methotrexate, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate acted as a strong inhibitor of radioligand binding. Gel chromatography of radioligand-labeled homogenate of tumor tissue revealed three peaks: a small > or = 110 kDa peak and two major peaks of folate-binding activity (M(r) approximately 25 kDa and M(r) approximately 100 kDa). Mammary tumor tissue showed immunostaining with rabbit antibodies against human milk folate binder. A parallel elevation in the concentrations of folate-binding protein and triglyceride in tumor tissue as compared to normal tissue adjacent to the tumor was compatible with the localization of folate-binding protein in the triglyceride-rich fraction of mammary gland homogenate.
Building highly sensitive dye assemblies for biosensing from molecular building blocks (2001)

Fluorescence superquenching is investigated for polyelectrolytes consisting of cyanine dye pendant polylysines ranging in number of polymer repeat units (N(PRU)) from 1 to 900, both in solution and after adsorption onto silica nanoparticles. As N(PRU) increases, the absorption and fluorescence evolve from monomer spectra to red-shifted features indicative of molecular J aggregates. In solution, the superquenching sensitivity toward an anionic electron acceptor increases by more than a millionfold over the N(PRU) range from 1 to 900. The dramatic increase is attributed to enhanced equilibrium constants for binding the quenchers, and the amplified quenching of a delocalized exciton of approximately 100 polymer repeat units. The self-assembly of monomer onto silica and clay nanoparticles leads to formation of J aggregates, and surface-activated superquenching enhanced 10,000x over the monomer in solution, indicating the formation of "self-assembled polymers" on the nanoparticle surface. Utilization of these self-assembled polymers as high-sensitivity biosensors is demonstrated.
Severe Acne Successfully Treated With Etanercept (2006)

Effective systemic treatments for severe acne vulgaris, such as oral antibiotics, oral isotretinoin and anti-andro-gens, are often associated with undesirable side-effects or are limited to a selected patient population. Furthermore, some patients with severe acne fail to respond to these therapies (1).Etanercept, a dimeric fusion protein linking part of the human p75 tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor extracellular domain with the Fc region of IgG
Evidence that a triplex-forming oligodeoxyribonucleotide binds to the c-myc promoter in HeLa cells, thereby reducing c-myc mRNA levels. (1991)

A synthetic 27-base-long oligodeoxyribonucleotide, termed PU1, has been shown to bind to duplex DNA to form a triplex at a single site within the human c-myc P1 promoter. PU1 has been administered to HeLa cells in culture to examine the feasibility of influencing transcription of the c-myc gene in vivo. It is shown that uptake of PU1 into the nucleus of HeLa cells is efficient and that the compound remains intact for at least 4 hr. In nuclei extracted from PU1-treated cells, inhibition of DNase I cleavage is detected within the c-myc P1 promoter at the target site for triplex formation. The inhibition is shown to be both site and oligodeoxyribonucleotide specific. After cellular uptake of PU1, it is shown that steady-state mRNA arising from the c-myc P1 initiation site is selectively reduced relative to total mRNA, relative to mRNA from the alternative c-myc P2 initiation site, and relative to mRNA derived from the beta-actin promoter. Significant mRNA repression is not seen upon treating cells with oligodeoxyribonucleotides that fail to bind to the P1 promoter target. Taken together, these data suggest that triplex formation can occur between an exogenous oligodeoxyribonucleotide and duplex DNA in the nucleus of treated cells.
Immunocytochemical demonstration of a1-Antitrypsin and a1-Antichymotrypsin in human gastrointestinal tract. (1982)

a1-Antitrypsin and a1-Antichymotrypsin were demonstrated by the peroxidase--antiperoxidase (PAP) technique in paraffin sections from various parts of the normal adult gastrointestinal tract. Thus, positive reaction for these two proteinase inhibitors was given by the absorptive epithelial cells of the small intestine and epithelial cells of Brünner's duodenal glands and the glands of the pyloric antrum. Our findings suggest that the presence of a1-Antitrypsin and a1-Antichymotrypsin in epithelial cells of the small intestine, may represent a self-protecting mechanism against the pancreatic proteolytic enzymes of the intestinal juices. The significance of our observation and its possible role in the previously reported a1AT deficiency associated with coeliac-like disease is also discussed.
Critical Currents -Width Achieved in Ex Situ YBCO Coated Conductors Using a Faster Conversion Process (2005)

Implementation of improved processing for ex situ YBCO coatings from e-beam evaporated precursors enables faster conversion with rates up to 12 and critical currents at 77 K greater than 350 A/cm-width on a RABiTS template. Details of the faster processing are described and compared to an earlier slower process. A linear relation between and YBCO layer thick- ness provides evidence of new opportunities to further improve .
NF-kappa B activation by ultraviolet light not dependent on a nuclear signal (1993)

Exposure of mammalian cells to radiation triggers the ultraviolet (UV) response, which includes activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). This was postulated to occur by induction of a nuclear signaling cascade by damaged DNA. Recently, induction of AP-1 by UV was shown to be mediated by a pathway involving Src tyrosine kinases and the Ha-Ras small guanosine triphosphate-binding protein, proteins located at the plasma membrane. It is demonstrated here that the same pathway mediates induction of NF-kappa B by UV. Because inactive NF-kappa B is stored in the cytosol, analysis of its activation directly tests the involvement of a nuclear-initiated signaling cascade. Enucleated cells are fully responsive to UV both in NF-kappa B induction and in activation of another key signaling event. Therefore, the UV response does not require a signal generated in the nucleus and is likely to be initiated at or near the plasma membrane.
Rapid reduction of leiomyoma volume during treatment with the GnRH antagonist ganirelix (2005)

Daily treatment with 2 mg of ganirelix results in rapid reduction of leiomyoma and uterine volume in premenopausal women with minor side effects. If longer-acting GnRH antagonists become available, pretreatment with GnRH antagonist should be preferred over GnRH agonists prior to surgery.
Molecular association and monolayer formation of soluble phthalocyanine compounds (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular association and monolayer formation of soluble phthalocyanine compoundsArthur W. Snow and N. Lynn JarvisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 17, 4706–4711Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00329a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00329a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1307Altmetric-Citations299LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Porous poly(L-lactic acid)/apatite composites created by biomimetic process (1999)

Highly porous poly(L-lactic acid)/apatite composites were prepared through in situ formation of carbonated apatite onto poly(L-lactic acid) foams in a simulated body fluid. The highly porous polymer foams (up to 95% porosity) were prepared from polymer solution by solid-liquid phase separation and subsequent sublimation of the solvent. The foams were then immersed in the simulated body fluid at 37 degrees C to allow the in situ apatite formation. After incubation in the simulated body fluid for a certain period of time, a large number of characteristic microparticles formed on the surfaces of pore walls throughout the polymer foams. The microparticles were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. These porous spherical microparticles were assemblies of microflakes. They were found to be carbonated bonelike apatite. A series of composite foams with varying sizes and concentrations of the apatite particles was obtained by varying incubation time and conditions. These porous composites may be promising scaffolding materials for bone tissue engineering and regeneration because the excellent bone-bonding properties of the apatite may provide a good environment for osteoblast and osteoprogenitor cells' attachment and growth.