gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate-Adaptive Framing for Interfered Wireless Networks (2007)

The majority of existing wireless rate controls are based on the implicit assumption that frames are corrupted due to the random, arbitrary environmental and thermal noises. They generally reduce the channel rate on frame losses, trading lower efficiency in frequency band utilization for more robust modulation so that the current noise level may be tolerable. In highly interfered wireless networks where frames are lost mainly due to interference from other wireless transceivers, simply reducing the channel rate prolongs the frame transmission time and therefore aggravates frame loss ratio. This positive feedback in the rate control loop quickly diverges the interfered transceivers into a suboptimal channel rate and drives the network into a state with high interference. In the worst case, interfered transceivers can be starved. In this paper we present RAF, the rate-adaptive framing that jointly controls the channel rate and frame size according to the observed interference patterns and noise level at the receiver. Based on the inputs from physical layer carrier sense, the receiver derives the optimal channel rate and frame size that maximize throughput, and informs the transmitter of such optimal configuration in a few bits in the per-frame acknowledgement. Through intensive simulations we show that RAF consistently outperforms ARF, RBAR, and OAR in all simulated scenarios.
Antisense oligonucleotides against protein kinase CK2-? inhibit growth of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in vitro (2000)

Interference with the protein kinase CK2 signal in SCCHN cells may offer a novel anticancer strategy for this malignancy.
A Gene Expression Signature from Peripheral Whole Blood for Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma (2011)

Affordable early screening in subjects with high risk of lung cancer has great potential to improve survival from this deadly disease. We measured gene expression from lung tissue and peripheral whole blood (PWB) from adenocarcinoma cases and controls to identify dysregulated lung cancer genes that could be tested in blood to improve identification of at-risk patients in the future. Genome-wide mRNA expression analysis was conducted in 153 subjects (73 adenocarcinoma cases, 80 controls) from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology study using PWB and paired snap-frozen tumor and noninvolved lung tissue samples. Analyses were conducted using unpaired t tests, linear mixed effects, and ANOVA models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed to assess the predictive accuracy of the identified biomarkers. We identified 50 dysregulated genes in stage I adenocarcinoma versus control PWB samples (false discovery rate ≤0.1, fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.66). Among them, eight (TGFBR3, RUNX3, TRGC2, TRGV9, TARP, ACP1, VCAN, and TSTA3) differentiated paired tumor versus noninvolved lung tissue samples in stage I cases, suggesting a similar pattern of lung cancer-related changes in PWB and lung tissue. These results were confirmed in two independent gene expression analyses in a blood-based case-control study (n = 212) and a tumor-nontumor paired tissue study (n = 54). The eight genes discriminated patients with lung cancer from healthy controls with high accuracy (AUC = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74-0.87). Our finding suggests the use of gene expression from PWB for the identification of early detection markers of lung cancer in the future.
Characterization of transducin from bovine retinal rod outer segments. II. Evidence for distinct binding sites and conformational changes revealed by limited proteolysis with trypsin. (1983)

The first stage of amplification in the cyclic GMP cascade in bovine retinal rod is carried out by transducin, a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein consisting of two functional subunits, T alpha (Mr approximately 39,000) and T beta gamma (Mr approximately 36,000 and approximately 10,000). Limited trypsin digestion of the T beta gamma subunit converted the beta polypeptide to two stable fragments (Mr approximately 26,000 and approximately 14,000). The GTPase and Gpp(NH)p binding activities were not significantly affected by the cleavage. Trypsin digestion of the T alpha subunit initially removed a small segment from the polypeptide terminus and resulted in the formation of a single 38,000-Da fragment. When this fragment was recombined with the intact T beta gamma subunit in the presence of membranes containing photolyzed rhodopsin, the reconstituted transducin exhibited greatly reduced GTPase and Gpp(NH)p binding activities. The loss in activities was due to the inability of the cleaved T alpha to bind to the photolyzed rhodopsin. Prolonged digestion converted the 38,000-Da fragment to a transient 32,000-Da fragment and then to two stable 23,000-Da and 12,000-Da fragments. The cleavage of the 32,000-Da fragment, however, can be blocked by bound Gpp(NH)p. The 32,000-Da fragment contains the Gpp(NH)p binding site and retains the ability to activate phosphodiesterase. These results indicate that the guanine nucleotide binding and rhodopsin binding sites are located in topologically distinct regions of the T alpha subunit and proved evidence that a large conformational transition of the molecule occurs upon the conversion of the bound GDP to GTP.
Role of the renal nerves in the pathogenesis of one-kidney renal hypertension in the rat. (1981)

Increased sympathetic nervous system activity has been demonstrated in established one-kidney one clip hypertension in the rat. To determine the importance of the renal nerves in this model of hypertension, renal denervation or sham operation was carried out 2 weeks after clipping. Systolic blood pressure (BP) after clipping the renal artery in 27 uninephrectomized male Charles River rats increased significantly from 125 +/- 3 mm Hg to a stable level of 185 +/-7 mm Hg by 2 weeks, in association with a positive sodium balance. Renal denervation in 13 animals resulted in a significant decrease in BP to 137 +/- 7 mm Hg, while no change in BP was seen after sham operation in 14 animals. There was no difference in mean daily water intake, mean daily sodium intake, mean daily urine volume, or mean fractional urinary sodium excretion between sham-operation and renal-denervated animals during the 2 weeks after operation. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and creatinine clearance were not significantly different at sacrifice 2 weeks after operation. Six of the renal-denervated rats were followed for 11 weeks after surgery. The BP rose again to hypertensive levels (187 +/- 8 mm Hg) by 5 weeks after renal denervation. Repeat renal denervation resulted in a significant decrease to 142 +/- 8 mm Hg. Renal denervation in eight rats with established one-kidney Grollman hypertension (185 +/- 8 mm Hg) also resulted ina significant decrease in systolic BP (143 +/- 8 mm Hg). The data demonstrate the importance of intact renal nerves in the maintenance of hypertension in the one-kidney renal hypertensive rat. The depressor effect of renal denervation is not mediated by alterations in sodium intake or excretion, water intake or excretion, creatinine clearance or PRA.
The Staphylococcus aureus collagen adhesin is a virulence determinant in experimental septic arthritis (1994)

The importance of a collagen-binding adhesin in the pathogenesis of septic arthritis has been examined by comparing the virulence of two sets of Staphylococcus aureus mutants in an animal model. Collagen adhesin-negative mutant PH100 was constructed by replacing the chromosomal collagen adhesin gene (cna) in a clinical strain, Phillips, with an inactivated copy of the gene. Collagen adhesin-positive mutant S. aureus CYL574 was generated by introducing the cna gene into CYL316, a strain that normally lacks the cna gene. Biochemical, immunological, and functional analyses of the generated mutants and their respective parent strains showed that binding of 125I-labeled collagen, expression of an immunoreactive collagen adhesin, and bacterial adherence to cartilage were directly correlated with the presence of a functional cna gene. Greater than 70% of the mice injected with the Cna+ strains developed clinical signs of arthritis, whereas less than 27% of the animals injected with Cna- strains showed symptoms of disease. Furthermore, mice injected with the Cna+ strain Phillips had remarkably elevated levels of immunoglobulin G1 and interleukin-6 compared with mice injected with the Cna- mutant PH100. Taken together, these results demonstrate that collagen adhesin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of septic arthritis induced by S. aureus.
Brain 5-HT[1A] receptors : behavioural and neurochemical pharmacology (1987)

Offering a survey of the chemistry, pharmacology and behavioural and clinical effects of 5-HT1A receptors, in particular of 8-OH-DPAT, Buspirone and Ipsapirone, this study highlights the potential therapeutic utility of these drugs in the treatment of anxiety and depression. It also discusses topics such as the neurochemical and behavioural effects of 8-OH-DPAT as an anti-depressant and anxiolytic agent in studies of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
An extended inverted file approach for information retrieval (2002)

In information retrieval, the way in which the correspondence procedure works is highly important for the performance of the underlying system as a whole. An inverted file ensures quick access to the information items because the index alone is examined, rather than the actual file of items, in order to determine the items which satisfy a search request. This technique was a prominent feature of the old commercial information retrieval systems (IRSs). However it has been used only for keyword-based IRSs. Since that time, the inverted file design has not been radically modified. With the recent use of more expressive and richly structured languages in information retrieval, this method has not been used very much lately because it has been overrun by the expressiveness that new indexing languages, such as knowledge representation languages, have brought about. We propose to make use again of an extended version of the almost forgotten inverted file techniques, so that the complexity of our algorithms is polynomial. This allows us to implement, with a few modifications, a retrieval engine based on conceptual graphs on top of the O/sub 2/ object-oriented DBMS.
Water-Soluble Knedel-like Structures:  The Preparation of Shell-Cross-Linked Small Particles (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTWater-Soluble Knedel-like Structures: The Preparation of Shell-Cross-Linked Small ParticlesK. Bruce Thurmond, Tomasz Kowalewski, and Karen L. WooleyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri 63130 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 30, 7239–7240Publication Date (Web):July 31, 1996Publication History Received19 April 1996Published online31 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja961299hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja961299hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3516Altmetric-Citations475LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Chemical structure,Copolymers,Hydrocarbons,Nucleic acid structure Get e-Alerts
Co–Ln Mixed-Metal Phosphonate Grids and Cages as Molecular Magnetic Refrigerants (2011)

The synthesis, structures, and magnetic properties of six families of cobalt-lanthanide mixed-metal phosphonate complexes are reported in this Article. These six families can be divided into two structural types: grids, where the metal centers lie in a single plane, and cages. The grids include [4 × 3] {Co(8)Ln(4)}, [3 × 3] {Co(4)Ln(6)}, and [2 × 2] {Co(4)Ln(2)} families and a [4 × 4] {Co(8)Ln(8)} family where the central 2 × 2 square is rotated with respect to the external square. The cages include {Co(6)Ln(8)} and {Co(8)Ln(2)} families. Magnetic studies have been performed for these compounds, and for each family, the maximum magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been observed for the Ln = Gd derivative, with a smaller MCE for the compounds containing magnetically anisotropic 4f-ions. The resulting entropy changes of the gadolinium derivatives are (for 3 K and 7 T) 11.8 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(8)Gd(2)}; 20.0 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(4)Gd(2)}; 21.1 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(8)Gd(4)}; 21.4 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(8)Gd(8)}; 23.6 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(4)Gd(6)}; and 28.6 J kg(-1) K(-1) for {Co(6)Gd(8)}, from which we can see these values are proportional to the percentage of the gadolinium in the core.
Targeting Tumor Mitochondrial Metabolism Overcomes Resistance to Antiangiogenics (2016)

Epithelial malignancies are effectively treated by antiangiogenics; however, acquired resistance is a major problem in cancer therapeutics. Epithelial tumors commonly have mutations in the MAPK/Pi3K-AKT pathways, which leads to high-rate aerobic glycolysis. Here, we show how multikinase inhibitor antiangiogenics (TKIs) induce hypoxia correction in spontaneous breast and lung tumor models. When this happens, the tumors downregulate glycolysis and switch to long-term reliance on mitochondrial respiration. A transcriptomic, metabolomic, and phosphoproteomic study revealed that this metabolic switch is mediated by downregulation of HIF1α and AKT and upregulation of AMPK, allowing uptake and degradation of fatty acids and ketone bodies. The switch renders mitochondrial respiration necessary for tumor survival. Agents like phenformin or ME344 induce synergistic tumor control when combined with TKIs, leading to metabolic synthetic lethality. Our study uncovers mechanistic insights in the process of tumor resistance to TKIs and may have clinical applicability.
Ink4a/arf deficiency promotes ultraviolet radiation-induced melanomagenesis. (2002)

Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), already known for its highly aggressive behavior and resistance to conventional therapy, has evolved into a health crisis by virtue of a dramatic elevation in incidence. The underlying genetic basis for CMM, as well as the fundamental role for UV radiation in its etiology, is now widely accepted. However, the only bona fide genetic locus to emerge from extensive analysis of CMM suppressor candidates is INK4a/ARF at 9p21, which is lost frequently in familial and occasionally in somatic CMM. The functional relationship between INK4a/ARF and UV radiation in the pathogenesis of CMM is largely unknown. Recently, we reported that hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF)-transgenic mice develop melanomas after a single erythemal dose of neonatal UV radiation, supporting epidemiological data implicating childhood sunburn in CMM. Here we show that neonatal UV irradiation induces a full spectrum of melanocyte pathology from early premalignant lesions through distant metastases. Cutaneous melanomas arise with histopathological and molecular pathogenetic features remarkably similar to CMM, including loss of ink4a/arf. A role for ink4a/arf in UV-induced melanomagenesis was directly assessed by placing the HGF/SF transgene on a genetic background devoid of ink4a/arf. Median time to melanoma development induced by UV radiation was only 50 days in HGF/SF ink4a/arf(-/-) mice, compared with 152 and 238 days in HGF/SF ink4a/arf(+/-) and HGF/SF ink4a/arf(+/+) mice, respectively. These studies provide experimental evidence that ink4a/arf plays a critical role in UV-induced melanomagenesis and strongly suggest that sunburn is a highly significant risk factor, particularly in families harboring germ-line mutations in INK4a/ARF.
Gene Therapy With Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Protects Against Myocardial Infarction via a Cyclooxygenase-2–Dependent Mechanism (2003)

Although the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) mediates late preconditioning (PC), it is unknown whether iNOS gene transfer can replicate the cardioprotective effects of late PC, and the role of this protein in myocardial ischemia is controversial. Thus, the cDNA for human iNOS was cloned behind the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter to create adenovirus (Ad) 5/iNOS lacking E1, E2a, and E3 regions. Intramyocardial injection of Ad5/iNOS in mice increased local iNOS protein expression and activity and markedly reduced infarct size. The infarct-sparing effects of Ad5/iNOS were at least as powerful as those of ischemic PC. The increased iNOS expression was associated with increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression and prostanoid levels. Pretreatment with the COX-2-selective inhibitor NS-398 completely abrogated the infarct-sparing actions of Ad5/iNOS, demonstrating that COX-2 is an obligatory downstream effector of iNOS-dependent cardioprotection. We conclude that gene transfer of iNOS (an enzyme commonly thought to be detrimental) affords powerful cardioprotection the magnitude of which is equivalent to that of late PC. This is the first report that upregulation of iNOS, in itself, is sufficient to reduce infarct size. The results provide proof-of-principle for gene therapy against ischemia/reperfusion injury, which increases local myocardial NO synthase levels without the need for continuous intravenous infusion of NO donors and without altering systemic hemodynamics. The data also reveal the existence of a close coupling between iNOS and COX-2, whereby induction of the former enzyme leads to secondary induction of the latter, which in turn mediates the cytoprotective effects of iNOS. We propose that iNOS and COX-2 form a stress-responsive functional module that mitigates ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Reactivity Ratios of Conjugated Dienes Copolymerized in Emulsion at 5°1 (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity Ratios of Conjugated Dienes Copolymerized in Emulsion at 5°1R. D. Gilbert and H. Leverne WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 16, 4114–4118Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01136a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01136a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Factor VIII Bypassing Activity of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates: The Roles of Factor VIla and of Endothelial Cell Tissue Factor (1991)

An experimental model incorporating cultured endothelial cells (EC) was used to study the "factor VIII bypassing" activity of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC), a property exploited in the treatment of hemophiliacs with alloantibodies to factor VIII. Two PCC preparations were ineffective as stimuli of tissue factor expression by EC. However, incubation with a combination of PCC plus endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced much greater tissue factor expression than was seen in response to either substance alone. PCC expressed an additional direct procoagulant activity at the EC surface, which could not be attributed to either thrombin or factor Xa, and which was diminished by an anti-tissue factor antibody. Therefore factor VIIa, which was detectable in both PCC preparations, likely provided this additional direct procoagulant activity at the EC surface. We also excluded the possibility that coagulation proteases contained in or generated in the presence of PCC are protected from inactivation by AT III. Therefore, PCC can indirectly bypass factor VIII by enhancing induced endothelial tissue factor expression, and also possess direct procoagulant activity, probably mediated by factor VIIa.
A framework for vision based bearing only 3D SLAM (2006)

This paper presents a framework for 3D vision based bearing only SLAM using a single camera, an interesting setup for many real applications due to its low cost. The focus in is on the management of the features to achieve real-time performance in extraction, matching and loop detection. For matching image features to map landmarks a modified, rotationally variant SIFT descriptor is used in combination with a Harris-Laplace detector. To reduce the complexity in the map estimation while maintaining matching performance only a few, high quality, image features are used for map landmarks. The rest of the features are used for matching. The framework has been combined with an EKF implementation for SLAM. Experiments performed in indoor environments are presented. These experiments demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the approach. In particular they show how the robot is able to successfully match current image features to the map when revisiting an area
ESTRADIOL-17β BIOSYNTHESIS IN CULTURED GRANULOSA CELLS FROM HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED IMMATURE RATS; STIMULATION BY FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE11 (1975)

Granulosa cells isolated from the ovaries of hypophysectomized immature rats synthesize and secrete estradiol-17beta and estrone when grown for 2 days in monolayer culture in a synthetic medium containing testosterone (0.5 muM) and a highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) preparation (0.25 mug/ml). Secretion is negligible in the absence of either testosterone or FSH, and a highly purified luteinizing hormone (LH) preparation (0.25 mug/ml) was without significant stimulatory effect. It is concluded that FSH regulates estrogen biosynthesis in granulosa cells of hypophysectomized rats by a specific stimulation of the aromatizing enzyme system.