gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping and characterization of the interaction domains of human papillomavirus type 16 E1 and E2 proteins (1997)

The papillomavirus E1 and E2 proteins are both necessary and sufficient in vivo for efficient origin-dependent viral DNA replication. The ability of E1 and E2 to complex with each other appears to be essential for efficient viral DNA replication. In this study, we used the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro binding assays to map the domains of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E1 and E2 proteins required for complex formation. The amino-terminal 190-amino-acid domain of HPV16 E2 was both required and sufficient for E1 binding. The carboxyl-terminal 229 amino acids of E 1 were essential for binding E2, and the amino-terminal 143 amino acids of HPV16 E1 were dispensable. Although the ability of the E1 minimal domain (amino acids [aa] 421 to 649) to interact with E2 was strong at 4 degrees C, it was significantly reduced at temperatures above 25 degrees C. A larger domain of E1 from aa 144 to 649 bound E2 efficiently at any temperature, suggesting that aa 144 to 420 of E1 may play a role in the HPV16 E1-E2 interaction at physiological temperatures.
Nitric oxide downregulates interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) stimulated IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 production by human chondrocytes. (1998)

LPS and IL-1beta stimulated IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 production are downregulated by endogenously produced NO, which could limit the inflammatory reaction occurring in arthritis.
Rye introgression lines as source of alleles for pollen‐fertility restoration in Pampa CMS (2009)

Abstract Restoration of pollen‐fertility is required to guarantee successful seed production of hybrid varieties based on cytoplasmatic male‐sterility (CMS) induced by Pampa cytoplasm. As most European restorer lines have still numerous disadvantages, using genetic resources via introgression libraries might be promising to identify and localize new and more effective restorer genes. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate in field trials the performance of 39 candidate introgression lines (pre‐ILs) for pollen‐fertility restoration and (2) to identify donor chromosome segments (DCS) underlying pollen‐fertility restoration. Exotic alleles from the Iranian primitive rye accession Altevogt 14160 were introduced into the elite non‐restorer inbred line L2053‐N by marker‐assisted backcrossing. BC 2 S 3 pre‐ILs were genotyped using amplified fragment length polymorphisms and simple sequence repeats. Pollen‐fertility restoration was evaluated in replicated field trials across two testers at two locations in 2006 for analysing the phenotypic effects of the exotic DCS. Out of 39 pre‐ILs, we determined three showing full pollen‐fertility across both testers and locations carrying a DCS on chromosome 4R. Moreover, one pre‐IL with partial pollen‐fertility was detected showing a DCS on chromosome 1R. We conclude that our introgression library can serve as a valuable resource for mining favourable genes from exotic primitive rye, which can greatly promote hybrid rye breeding.
Synthesis of Phenistidine and Derivatives1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Phenistidine and Derivatives1M. K. Stanfield and D. W. WoolleyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1548–1550Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01016a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
N-glycan branching requirement in neuronal and postnatal viability (2004)

The structural variations among extracellular N-glycans reflect the activity of glycosyltransferases and glycosidases that operate in the Golgi apparatus. More than other types of vertebrate glycans, N-glycans are highly branched oligosaccharides with multiple antennae linked to an underlying mannose core structure. The branching patterns of N-glycans consist of three types, termed high-mannose, hybrid, and complex. Though most extracellular mammalian N-glycans are of the complex type, some cells variably express hybrid and high-mannose forms. Nevertheless, a requirement for hybrid and complex N-glycan branching exists in embryonic development and postnatal function among mice and humans inheriting defective Mgat1 or Mgat2 alleles. The resulting defects in formation N-glycan branching patterns cause multiple abnormalities, including neurologic defects, and have inferred the presence of distinct functions for hybrid and complex N-glycan branches among different cell lineages. We have further explored N-glycan structure-function relationships in vivo by using Cre-loxP conditional mutagenesis to abolish hybrid and complex N-glycan branching specifically among neuronal cells. Our findings show that hybrid N-glycan branching is an essential posttranslational modification among neurons. Loss of Mgat1 resulted in a unique pattern of neuronal glycoprotein deficiency concurrent with caspase 3 activation and apoptosis. Such animals exhibited severe locomotor deficits, tremors, paralysis, and early postnatal death. Unexpectedly, neuronal Mgat2 deletion resulting in the loss of complex but not hybrid N-glycan branching was well tolerated without phenotypic markers of neuronal or locomotor dysfunction. Structural features associated with hybrid N-glycan branching comprise a requisite posttranslational modification to neuronal glycoproteins that permits normal cellular function and viability.
Effects of Anti-Transferrin Receptor Antibodies on the Growth of Neoplastic Cells (1992)

One approach to creating a state of iron deprivation in tumors is to expose them to monoclonal antibodies against the transferrin receptor (ATRAs). This paper reviews the recent history of studies with ATRAs. Both multivalent (IgM or IgA) and bivalent (IgG) ATRAs exhibit anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo, but IgG ATRAs appear to be most effective when used with an iron chelator such as deferoxamine or when used in pairs. Much more information is needed in order to understand: (1) how ATRAs work by themselves and in conjunction with chelators; (2) why ATRAs differ from one another in terms of their inhibitory potency; (3) whether ATRAs can be used successfully in conjunction with other anti-tumor agents, and (4) why tumors exhibit marked differences in their sensitivity to the effects of ATRAs. The toxicity of iron deprivation arising from ATRA treatment alone seems modest, but only further experimental work in vivo and in phase-1 clinical trials can determine whether the most recent observations can be converted into truly useful therapeutic tools.
T Cell Response to Infection by the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (2006)

The purpose of the research has been to characterize the response of na&amp;#239;ve or virus-specific swine T lymphocytes from different lymphoid compartments to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), tracheobronchial lymph node (TLN) and lateral retropharyngeal lymph node (LLN) cells were labeled with PKH67 green fluorescence dye to measure cell proliferation and surface phenotypes were examined using anti-CD4, anti-CD8 or anti-CD25 monoclonal antibodies. Stimulation with Concanavalin A was also included as a positive control. Our results show that potential virus-specific T lymphocytes were found in the peripheral blood, although no cell proliferation was found in cultures of lymph node cells. We did find that the percentages of CD8+ T cells in cultures of lymph node cells from the virus-infected pig increased after in vitro stimulation with the Powell virus compared to the lymph node cells cultured in media only, suggesting that CD8+ T lymphocytes may play a role in the virus clearance and immune memory to PRRSV.
High homocysteine and thrombosis without connective tissue disorders are associated with a novel class of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) mutations (2002)

Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) is a crucial regulator of plasma levels of the thrombogenic amino acid homocysteine (Hcy). Homocystinuria due to CBS deficiency confers a dramatically increased risk of thrombosis. Early diagnosis usually occurs after the observation of ectopia lentis, mental retardation, or characteristic skeletal abnormalities. Homocystinurics with this phenotype typically carry mutations in the catalytic region of the protein that abolish CBS activity. We describe a novel class of missense mutations consisting of I435T, P422L, and S466L that are located in the non-catalytic C-terminal region of CBS that yield enzymes that are catalytically active but deficient in their response to S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet). The P422L and S466L mutations were found in patients suffering premature thrombosis and homocystinuric levels of Hcy but lacking any of the connective tissue disorders typical of homocystinuria due to CBS deficiency. The P422L and S466L mutants demonstrated a level of CBS activity comparable to that of the AdoMet stimulated wild-type CBS but could not be further induced by the addition of AdoMet. In terms of temperature stability, oligomeric organization, and heme saturation the I435T, P422L, and S466L mutants are indistinguishable from wild-type CBS. Our findings illustrate the importance of AdoMet for the regulation of Hcy metabolism and are consistent with the possibility that the characteristic connective tissue disturbances observed in homocystinuria due to CBS deficiency may not be due to elevated Hcy.
Rigid body collisions with friction (1990)

Abstract An energetically consistent theory is presented for dynamics of partly elastic collisions between somewhat rough rigid bodies with friction that opposes slip. This theory is based on separately accounting for frictional and non-frictional sources of dissipation. Alternative theories derived from Newton’s impact law or Poisson’s impact hypothesis are shown to be valid only for central (collinear) or non-frictional collisions; generally the latter theories yield erroneous energy dissipation if small initial slip stops during collision between eccentric bodies. Collision processes are complex when small slip is stopped by friction; then either the direction of slip reverses or contact points roll without slip. An inconsistent theory based on Newton’s impact law can yield erroneous energy increases when slip stops during collision; the consistent theory always dissipates energy. The impact law that specifies a simple proportionality between normal components of contact velocity for incidence and rebound is not applicable in any range of incident velocities with small slip if the collision is non-collinear with friction. In Percussion the force or Impetus whereby one body is moved may cause another body against which it strikes to be put in motion, and withal lose some of its strength or swiftness. (J. Wallis, 1668)
Treatment of Basal Cell Epithelioma by Laser Radiation (1964)

TREATMENT of a relatively large basal cell epithelioma is not a remarkable feat. As far as we are aware, its cure by laser radiation has not yet been reported. The biomedical applications of the laser have included studies of the effect on malignancy in animals and man. These have been of investigative nature and in man no cures have been observed.<sup>1-7</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient was a 61-year-old Caucasian male who was admitted to the Dermatology Service of the Cincinnati General Hospital with multiple basal cell malignancies, some superficial, many nodular, some ulcerative and locally invasive up to 6 cm in diameter; they involved the scalp, nose, trunk, and arms. According to the patient, some had shown partial scarring but no lesions had cleared. Multiple biopsies revealed invasive basal cell malignancies. There was no evidence of cysts of the jaw or keratotic changes of the hands suggestive
Quantitative Analysis of D2 Dopamine Receptor Binding in the Living Human Brain by PET (1986)

D2 dopamine receptors in the putamen of living human subjects were characterized by using the selective, high-affinity D2 dopamine receptor antagonist carbon-11-labeled raclopride and positron emission tomography. Experiments in four healthy men demonstrated saturability of [11C]raclopride binding to an apparently homogeneous population of sites with Hill coefficients close to unity. In the normal putamen, maximum binding ranged from 12 to 17 picomoles per cubic centimeter and dissociation constants from 3.4 to 4.7 nanomolar. Maximum binding for human putamen at autopsy was 15 picomoles per cubic centimeter. Studies of [11C]raclopride binding indicate that clinically effective doses of chemically distinct neuroleptic drugs result in 85 to 90 percent occupancy of D2 dopamine receptors in the putamen of schizophrenic patients.
Trust relationships in secure systems-a distributed authentication perspective (2002)

The notion of trust is fundamental in inter-domain authentication protocols. The goal is to develop an effective formalism for explicit expressions of trust relations between entities involved in authentication protocols. Different relevant types of trust are identified and classified. A formalism for expressing trust relations is presented along with an algorithm for deriving trust relations from recommendations. The advantages of the approach are demonstrated by analyzing and comparing the trust relation requirements of a few known authentication protocols.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evaluation of Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis for Protein Profiling (2003)

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) is a central tool of proteome research, since it allows separation of complex protein mixtures at highest resolution. Quantification of gene expression at the protein level requires sensitive visualization of protein spots over a wide linear range. Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) is a new fluorescent technique for protein labeling in 2DE gels. Proteins are labeled prior to electrophoresis with fluorescent CyDyes trade mark and differently labeled samples are then co-separated on the same 2DE gel. We evaluated 2D DIGE for detection and quantification of proteins specific for glucose or N-acetylglucosamine metabolism in the marine bacterium Pirellula sp. strain 1. The experiment was based on 10 parallel 2DE gels. Detection and comparison of the protein spots were performed with the DeCyder trade mark software that uses an internal standard to quantify differences in protein abundance with high statistical confidence; 24 proteins differing in abundance by a factor of at least 1.5 (t test value <10(-9)) were identified. For comparison, another experiment was carried out with four SYPRO-Ruby-stained 2DE gels for each of the two growth conditions; image analysis was done with the ImageMaster trade mark 2D Elite software. Sensitivity of the CyDye fluors was evaluated by comparing Cy2, Cy3, Cy5, SYPRO Ruby, silver, and colloidal Coomassie staining. Three replicate gels, each loaded with 50 microg of protein, were run for each stain and the gels were analyzed with the ImageMaster software. Labeling with CyDyes allowed detection of almost as many protein spots as staining with silver or SYPRO Ruby.
Suppression of I-V kink in doped channel InAlAs/InGaAs/InPheterojunction field-effect transistor (HFET) using silicon nitridepassivation (1996)

The impact of silicon nitride (SiN) surface passivation on the kink effect of doped channel InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HFETs has been investigated for the first time. Experiments show that the I-V kinks of these HFETs can be reduced significantly by using SiN surface passivation.
Epitope mapping of HTLV envelope seroreactivity in LGL leukaemia (1998)

Sera from approximately 50% of patients with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukaemia react with a recombinant human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) transmembrane envelope protein, p21e. Two immunodominant epitopes within env p21e have been defined by reactivity against recombinant proteins GD21 and BA21. In this study sera from 41 patients with LGL leukaemia were examined for reactivity against these recombinant HTLV env proteins. Overall, 21/41 (51%) sera reacted to p21e. Only two sera reacted to GD21. The predominant immunoreactivity against p21e was directed against the BA21 epitope, with 19/41 (46%) sera being BA21 positive. Seroconversion to BA21 protein was also documented. PCR analyses confirmed the low incidence of protypical HTLV sequences (2/41, 5%). These data document an association between BA21 seroreactivity and LGL leukaemia. This finding raises the possibility that such BA21 seroreactivity could be due to cross-reactivity to a cellular or retroviral antigen sharing some amino acid homology with the transmembrane glycoprotein of HTLV.
Studies on Anti-platelet Agents. V. Synthesis and Structur-Activity Relationship of 3-Substituted 5,6-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazines. (1994)

The syntheses and structure-activity relationships of a series of 3-substituted 5,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazines as anti-platelet agents based on cyclooxygenase (CO) inhibition are described. Of these compounds, 1-[5,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl]carbonyl-4-methylpi perazine (10) exhibited potent CO inhibition in vitro (IC50 = 2.8 x 10(-7) M) with vasodilatory activity (ED50 = 4.5 x 10(-5) M). Compound 10 also showed potent ex vivo activities, completely preventing platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and collagen at 6 h after oral administration of 3.2 and 1.0 mg/kg. The ex vivo potency of 10 is more than three times that of aspirin. Moreover, 10 demonstrated no gastrointestinal side effect in rats even at 100 mg/kg in spite of its potent CO inhibition activity, while aspirin, the most widely-used anti-platelet drug, showed gastrointestinal side effects in a dose-dependent manner (32, 100, and 320 mg/kg) in our study. These results suggested that 10 is a very attractive candidate for development as an anti-platelet drug since an aspirin-like anti-platelet agent, based on CO inhibition and being free from gastrointestinal side effects, is a major goal of thromboembolic research.
Novel hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) binding domains on fibronectin and vitronectin coordinate a distinct and amplified Met-integrin induced signalling pathway in endothelial cells (2005)

These studies identify a novel mechanism and pathway of HGF signalling in endothelial cells involving cooperation between Met and integrins in a Ras dependent manner. These findings have implications for the regulation of neovascularization in both health and disease.
Experimental Evidence Concerning Two Different Kinds of Smectic

C

to Smectic

A

Transitions (1977)

Abstract Experimental evidence is presented indicating that there are two distinctly different kinds of smectic C to smectic A transitions. The first type is second order with zero tilt in both phases, the second type is first order with a non-zero tilt angle in both phases. The model for the second type of transition is an “uncoupling” of the tilt directions of adjacent layers in the smectic -A phase.
Fiber Optical Tweezers for Cell Manipulation and Force Sensing (2007)

We investigated the cell manipulation using single and three-dimensional dual fiber tweezers. The effective spring constant of the dual fiber tweezers was obtained. This setup can be used to perform force sensing with sub-pico Newton resolutions.
Extended storage of red blood cells under anaerobic conditions (2006)

Anaerobic conditions permit acceptable 9-week storage of RBCs using double-volume AS-3 additive solution. It did not synergize with the alkaline, 9-week additive, EAS61, to further lengthen the acceptable storage time. These studies indicate that anaerobic storage may allow reduction in the effect of the storage lesion, but suggest that other factors contribute to limitations of RBC storage as well.
Gap Junctional Connexins in the Developing Mouse Cardiac Conduction System (2003)

Gap junctional channels which couple myocytes mediate conduction phenomena in the heart. These channels are dodecamers of transmembrane proteins belonging to the connexin family (Cx). Three Cxs, Cx43, -40 and -45, have been found to be expressed in cardiomyocytes. Each of them has a distinct spatiotemporal pattern of expression, which is regulated during development. In the adult mouse heart, Cx43 is expressed in all the working myocytes and most of the conductive myocytes; Cx45 is weakly expressed in all conductive myocytes, including those of the nodal tissues; Cx40 expression is restricted to the atria and ventricular conduction system. Analysis of mice with deletions of Cx genes has provided evidence that Cx43, -40 and -45, and consequently the gap junctional channels they form, are involved in both heart function and development. For example, Cx40 deficiency results in sinoatrial conduction impairments, a significant decrease of the conduction velocity in the atria, and a delay of the propagation of impulse in the His bundle. Transgenic mouse lines with modified Cx40 genes are now being used to draw up a detailed map of the conduction system in the adult and developing heart, and to identify the regulatory elements involved in the transcriptional regulation of the Cx40 gene. Some preliminary results of these studies are described.