gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antisense inhibition of the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B blocks tumorigenicity and causes tumor regression. (1993)

The NF-kappa B transcription factor, composed of two proteins, p50 and p65, is a pleiotropic activator that participates in the induction of a wide variety of cellular genes. Various cell adhesion molecules have NF-kappa B binding sites and may play an important role in inflammatory response, tumorigenicity, and metastasis. In an earlier study, we demonstrated that adhesion of diverse transformed cells was blocked by antisense inhibition of the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B. Since cell-substratum interactions play an important role in tumorigenicity, we reasoned that antisense p65 could inhibit tumorigenicity. In diverse transformed cell lines, phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides to p65 inhibited in vitro growth, reduced soft-agar colony formation, and eliminated the ability of cells to adhere to an extracellular matrix. Stable transfectants of a fibrosarcoma cell line expressing dexamethasone-inducible antisense RNA to p65 showed inhibition of in vitro growth and in vivo tumor development. In response to inducible expression of antisense RNA, a pronounced tumor regression was seen in nude mice. The administration of antisense but not sense p65 oligonucleotides caused a pronounced inhibition of tumorigenicity in nude mice injected with diverse tumor-derived cell lines. Inhibitors of NF-kappa B function may thus be useful in the treatment of cancer.
Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana GCPE protein involved in plastid isoprenoid biosynthesis (2002)

Plastid isoprenoids are synthesized via the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway. A few years after its discovery, most of the Escherichia coli genes involved in the pathway have been identified, including gcpE. In this work, we have identified an Arabidopsis thaliana protein with homology to the product of this gene. The plant polypeptide, GCPE, contains two structural domains that are absent in the E. coli protein: an N-terminal extension and a central domain of 30 kDa. We demonstrate that the N-terminal region targets the Arabidopsis protein to chloroplasts in vivo, consistent with its role in plastid isoprenoid biosynthesis. Although the presence of the internal extra domain may have an effect on activity, the Arabidopsis mature GCPE was able to complement a gcpE-defective E. coli strain, indicating the plant protein is a true functional homologue of the bacterial gcpE gene product.
[A ruptured aneurysm at the peripheral collateral circulation of the anterior choroidal artery in a patient with moyamoya disease: a case report]. (1992)

This 42-year-old man experienced a sudden onset of occipital headache. Neurological examination revealed a moderately disturbed consciousness and a moderate left hemiparesis. CT scan disclosed a hugh hematoma in the right temporo parietal lobe without intraventricular hemorrhage. A cerebral angiography demonstrated typical findings of moyamoya disease and a small saccular aneurysm at the peripheral portion of the right anterior choroidal artery, which was dilated at the collateral circulation to the parietal lobe. The hematoma was removed at once by a craniotomy. He became alert but mild hemiparesis persisted. MRI disclosed a small signal-void lesion lateral to the trigone of the right lateral ventricle. The angiography repeated three weeks after the removal of the hematoma showed the unchanged size of the aneurysm. Direct surgery for the aneurysm was performed via the right parietal transcortical approach. The aneurysm was reached under the guidance of the intraoperative angiography. Trapping of the parent artery and the excision of the aneurysm were performed. On the basis of the presence of an internal elastic lamina at the neck of the aneurysm, the surgical specimen was histologically verified to be a true aneurysm. Since the collateral circulation was well preserved during surgery, no worsening of the neurological manifestation was observed. In view of the unfavorable prognosis for a moyamoya patient with this type of the aneurysm, which often results in a massive ventricular or intracerebral hemorrhage, surgery directed to the aneurysm itself should be considered.
Uniform Binding of Aminoacyl-tRNAs to Elongation Factor Tu by Thermodynamic Compensation (2001)

Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) binds all elongator aminoacyl-transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs) for delivery to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Here, we show that EF-Tu binds misacylated tRNAs over a much wider range of affinities than it binds the corresponding correctly acylated tRNAs, suggesting that the protein exhibits considerable specificity for both the amino acid side chain and the tRNA body. The thermodynamic contributions of the amino acid and the tRNA body to the overall binding affinity are independent of each other and compensate for one another when the tRNAs are correctly acylated. Because certain misacylated tRNAs bind EF-Tu significantly more strongly or weakly than cognate aa-tRNAs, EF-Tu may contribute to translational accuracy.
Preparation and Properties of ‘Allergoids’ Derived from Native Pollen Allergens by Mild Formalin Treatment (1971)

Research Articles| July 21 2009 Preparation and Properties of 'Allergoids' Derived from Native Pollen Allergens by Mild Formalin Treatment Subject Area: Immunology and Allergy D.G. Marsh D.G. Marsh Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology (1971) 41 (1): 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1159/000230518 Article history Published Online: July 21 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D.G. Marsh; Preparation and Properties of 'Allergoids' Derived from Native Pollen Allergens by Mild Formalin Treatment. International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology 1 January 1971; 41 (1): 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1159/000230518 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsJournals GatewayInternational Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1971Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Meta-data snapshotting (2003)

File system consistency frequently involves a choice between raw performance and integrity guarantees. A few software-based solutions for this problem have appeared and are currently being used on some commercial operating systems; these include log-structured file systems, journaling file systems, and soft updates. In this paper, we propose meta-data snapshotting as a low-cost, scalable, and simple mechanism that provides file system integrity. It allows the safe use of write-back caching by making successive snapshots of the meta-data using copy-on-write, and atomically committing the snapshot to stable storage without interrupting file system availability. In the presence of system failures, no file system checker or any other operation is necessary to mount the file system, therefore it greatly improves system availability. This paper describes meta-data snapshotting, and its incorporation into a file system available for the Linux and K42 operating systems. We show that meta-data snapshotting has low overhead: for a microbenchmark, and two macrobenchmarks, the measured overhead is of at most 4%, when compared to a completely asynchronous file system, with no consistency guarantees. Our experiments also show that it induces less overhead then a write-ahead journaling file system, and it scales much better when the number of clients and file system operations grows.Furthermore, this new technique can be easily extended to provide file system snapshotting (versioning) and transaction support for a collection of selected files or directories.
Bioelectric Applications for Treatment of Melanoma (2010)

Two new cancer therapies apply bioelectric principles. These methods target tumor structures locally and function by applying millisecond electric fields to deliver plasmid DNA encoding cytokines using electrogene transfer (EGT) or by applying rapid rise-time nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs). EGT has been used to locally deliver cytokines such as IL-12 to activate an immune response, resulting in bystander effects. NsPEFs locally induce apoptosis-like effects and affect vascular networks, both promoting tumor demise and restoration of normal vascular homeostasis. EGT with IL-12 is in melanoma clinical trials and nsPEFs are used in models with B16F10 melanoma in vitro and in mice. Applications of bioelectrics, using conventional electroporation and extensions of it, provide effective alternative therapies for melanoma.
Nanoindentation Studies on Shales (2013)

Shale resources promise a new era for energy independence of United States. The promise is intrinsically tied to our ability to economically hydraulic fracture the shale. These extremely tight formations are impossible to produce without hydraulic fracturing, which in turn requires knowledge of mechanical properties of rocks. However, the chemical and mechanical instability of shales sometimes prohibits the recovery of full length cores and/or plugs necessary for conventional mechanical testing. Nanoindentation provides a means to study the mechanical properties of these rocks (essentially the Young's modulus and hardness) using smaller specimen, even drill cuttings, fragments and sidewall cores. The measurements obtained are accurate and reliable and agree well with dynamic measurements. Additionally, the ability of measuring over the whole pay zone through drill cuttings helps in improving hydraulic fracturing design. The technique was essentially developed to measure mechanical properties of small materials and thin films. This thesis focuses on the applicability of nanoindentation in shales. It also attempts to develop a correlation to estimate rock mechanical properties based on the measurements of principal rock components which affect its mechanical behavior; these components include mineralogy, porosity and organic content. Seven different shales comprising a total of 276 samples were tested in this study. Porosity. TOC and mineralogy were measured on all the samples, followed by nanoindentation testing. Nanoindentation testing was carried out in horizontal as well as vertical directions thus enabling the determination of anisotropy in Young's modulus. Vertical Young's modulus ranged between 11 to 93 GPa while horizontal Young's modulus ranged between 30 to 93 GPa. Average ratio of horizontal to vertical modulus was found to be 1.64. Vertical hardness ranged between 0.36 to 6.98 GPa while horizontal hardness ranged between 0.48 to 6.67 GPa.
Microneedles for Drug Delivery (2008)

Although the skin is the most accessible organ, it is in many ways one of the most difficult to treat. This is because it has evolved to prevent the loss of water and also the ingress of xenobiotics. There are reports in the ancient Egyptian literature on the use of agents to treat the skin and some 4000 years later we are still investigating the precise nature of the barrier function (1). It is possible now to use sophisticated and sensitive techniques to examine the barrier properties at a molecular level and to use this information to optimize the structure of the drug to be delivered and the formulation in which it is presented. Unfortunately it is not as simple as this and many actives that are used on the skin, either for dermal or transdermal use, were not originally developed with the target of the skin in mind. This means that often they have the wrong characteristics for dermal delivery and it is only with judicious formulation that some activity is produced. Even though it has been known for many years that skin bioavailability is only of the order of a few percent (2) there have been few attempts to discover what happens to the rest of the applied drug.
Stable association of pp60src and pp59fyn with the focal adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase, pp125FAK. (1994)

Changes in cellular growth and dramatic alterations in cell morphology and adhesion are common features of cells transformed by oncogenic protein tyrosine kinases, such as pp60src and other members of the Src family. In this report, we present evidence for the stable association of two Src family kinases (pp60src and pp59fyn) with tyrosine-phosphorylated forms of a focal adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase, pp125FAK. In Src-transformed chicken embryo cells, most of the pp125FAK was stably complexed with activated pp60src (e.g., pp60(527F). The stable association of pp125FAK with pp60(527F) in vivo required the structural integrity of the Src SH2 domain. The association of pp60(527F) and pp125FAK could be reconstituted in vitro by incubation of normal cell extracts with glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins containing SH2 or SH3/SH2 domains of pp60src. Furthermore, the association of isolated SH2 or SH3/SH2 domains with in vitro 32P-labeled pp125FAK protected the major site of pp125FAK autophosphorylation from digestion with a tyrosine phosphatase, indicating that the autophosphorylation site of pp125FAK participates in binding with Src. Immunoprecipitation of Src family kinases from extracts of normal chicken embryo cells revealed stable complexes of pp59fyn and tyrosine-phosphorylated pp125FAK. These data provide evidence for a direct interaction between two cytoplasmic nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases and suggest that Src may contribute to changes in pp125FAK regulation in transformed cells. Furthermore, pp125FAK may directly participate in the targeting of pp59fyn or possibly other Src family kinases to focal adhesions in normal cells.
Intracellular degradation of microspheres based on cross-linked dextran hydrogels or amphiphilic block copolymers: a comparative raman microscopy study. (2007)

Micro- and nanospheres composed of biodegradable polymers show promise as versatile devices for the controlled delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Whereas important properties such as drug release profiles, biocompatibility, and (bio)degradability have been determined for many types of biodegradable particles, information about particle degradation inside phagocytic cells is usually lacking. Here, we report the use of confocal Raman microscopy to obtain chemical information about cross-linked dextran hydrogel microspheres and amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-terephthalate/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEGT/PBT) microspheres inside RAW 264.7 macrophage phagosomes. Using quantitative Raman microspectroscopy, we show that the dextran concentration inside phagocytosed dextran microspheres decreases with cell incubation time. In contrast to dextran microspheres, we did not observe PEGT/PBT microsphere degradation after 1 week of internalization by macrophages, confirming previous studies showing that dextran microsphere degradation proceeds faster than PEGT/PBT degradation. Raman microscopy further showed the conversion of macrophages to lipid-laden foam cells upon prolonged incubation with both types of microspheres, suggesting that a cellular inflammatory response is induced by these biomaterials in cell culture. Our results exemplify the power of Raman microscopy to characterize microsphere degradation in cells and offer exciting prospects for this technique as a noninvasive, label-free optical tool in biomaterials histology and tissue engineering.
Bayesian Forecasting (1976)

Summary This paper describes a Bayesian approach to forecasting. The principles of Bayesian forecasting are discussed and the formal inclusion of “the forecaster” in the forecasting system is emphasized as a major feature. The basic model, the dynamic linear model, is defined together with the Kalman filter recurrence relations and a number of model formulations are given. Multi-process models introduce uncertainty as to the underlying model itself, and this approach is described in a more general fashion than in our 1971 paper. Applications to four series are described in a sister paper. Although the results are far from exhaustive, the authors are convinced of the great benefits which the Bayesian approach offers to forecasters.
Single-mode hollow-core photonic crystal fiber made from soft glass (2011)

We demonstrate the first soft-glass hollow core photonic crystal fiber. The fiber is made from a high-index lead-silicate glass (Schott SF6, refractive index 1.82 at 500 nm). Fabricated by the stack-and-draw technique, the fiber incorporates a 7-cell hollow core embedded in a highly uniform 6-layer cladding structure that resembles a kagomé-like lattice. Effective single mode guidance of light is observed from 750 to 1050 nm in a large mode area (core diameter ~30 µm) with a low loss of 0.74 dB/m. The underlying guidance mechanism of the fiber is investigated using finite element modeling. The fiber is promising for applications requiring single mode guidance in a large mode area, such as particle guidance, fluid and gas filled devices.
Identification of a Pool of Non-pumping Na/K-ATPase (2007)

Recent studies have ascribed many non-pumping functions to the Na/K-ATPase. Here, we present experimental evidence demonstrating that over half of the plasma membrane Na/K-ATPase in LLC-PK1 cells is performing cellular functions other than ion pumping. This "non-pumping" pool of Na/K-ATPase, like the pumping pump, binds ouabain. Depletion of either cholesterol or caveolin-1 moves some of the "non-pumping" Na/K-ATPase into the pumping pool. Graded knock-down of the alpha1 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase eventually results in loss of this "non-pumping" pool while preserving the pumping pool. Our prior studies indicate that a loss of the non-pumping pool is associated with a loss of receptor function as evidenced by the failure of ouabain administration to induce the activation of Src and/or ERK. Therefore, our new findings suggest that a substantial amount of surface-expressed Na/K-ATPase, at least in some types of cells, may function as non-canonical ouabain-binding receptors.
Photoinitiated Polymerization of Biomaterials (2001)

▪ Abstract Photoinitiated polymerization and polymer crosslinking are viable strategies for biomaterial synthesis because of the mild temperatures and neutral pH environments in which these reactions typically take place. This review summarizes the relevant theories as well as current status of photoinitiated polymerizations in biomaterials. Photoinitiation, photoinitiated polymerization, and photoinitiators are discussed with consideration toward the biological nature of the intended application. Recent investigations into biomaterials, including hydrogels, biodegradable materials, and hard tissue resorbable scaffolds are presented. Lastly, studies of cell interactions with photoinitiated biomaterials are discussed. The work herein illustrates the potential use of photoinitiated polymerization in the development of novel biomaterials for tissue engineering.
A new general synthesis of polycyclic aromatic compounds based on enamine chemistry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new general synthesis of polycyclic aromatic compounds based on enamine chemistryRonald G. Harvey, John Pataki, Cecilia Cortez, Pasquale Di Raddo, and Cheng Xi YangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 3, 1210–1217Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00003a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00003a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3132Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elimination of interface defects in mismatched epilayers by a reduction in growth area (1988)

We have eliminated interface defects from the mismatched In0.05Ga0.95As/ (001)GaAs interface by controlling the size of the growth area. 2-μm-high pillars with different lateral shapes and dimensions were defined within the GaAs substrate before the molecular beam epitaxial growth of 3500 Å of In0.05Ga0.95As, greater than four times the critical thickness. On the pillars, the linear density of misfit dislocations was reduced from &amp;gt;5000 dislocations/cm for large (several hundred μm lateral dimensions) growth areas to nearly zero for 25 μm lateral dimensions. The dislocation density remains less than 800 dislocations/cm for lateral dimensions up to 100 μm. We find that there is also a decrease in dislocation density in narrow channels between the pillars; therefore, the pillars also block the glide of misfit dislocations.