gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Mechanisms of Polyphenolic Caffeic Acid Oligomers, Constituents of Salvia officinalis (2004)

Caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid and oligomers of caffeic acid with multiple catechol groups are all constituents of Salvia officinalis. Their antioxidant potential was investigated with regard to their radical scavenging activity and the stability and structure of the intermediate radicals. Pulse-radiolytic studies revealed very high rate constants with hydroxyl radicals. Evidence from kinetic modeling calculations suggested an unusual complex behavior due to the presence of both O4- and O3-semiquinones and formation and decay of a hydroxyl radical adduct at the vinyl side chain. The radical structures observed by EPR spectroscopy after autoxidation in slightly alkaline solutions were only partially identified due to their instability and generally represented dissociated O4-semiquinones. Hybrid density-functional calculations of the potential radical structures showed distinct differences between the resonance stabilization of the O4- and O3-semiquinones of caffeic and dihydrocaffeic acids, reflected also in the considerably faster decay of the O3-semiquinone observed by pulse radiolysis. No evidence was found for dimerization reactions via Cbeta radicals typical for lignin biosynthesis.
Independent component analysis applied to pulse oximetry in the estimation of the arterial oxygen saturation (S<inf>p</inf>O<inf>2</inf>) - a comparative study (2009)

We examine various independent component analysis (ICA) digital signal processing algorithms for estimating the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) as measured by a reflective pulse oximeter. The ICA algorithms examined are FastICA, Maximum Likelihood ICA (ICAML), Molgedey and Schuster ICA (ICAMS), and Mean Field ICA (ICAMF). The signal processing includes pre-processing bandpass filtering to eliminate noise, and post-processing by calculating the SpO2. The algorithms are compared to the commercial state-of-the-art algorithm Discrete Saturation Transform (DST) by Masimo Corporation. It is demonstrated that ICAMS and ICAMF perform up to 13% better than DST. PPG recordings are done with a reflective pulse oximetry sensor integrated in an Electronic Patch. This system is intended for patients with chronic heart and lung conditions.
<title>Remote access to interactive media</title> (1993)

Digital interactive media augments interactive computing with video, audio, computer graphics and text, allowing multimedia presentations to be individually and dynamically tailored to the user. Multimedia, and particularly continuous media pose interesting problems for system designers, including those of latency and synchronization. These problems are especially evident when multimedia data is remote and must be accessed via networks. Latency and synchronization issues are discussed, and an integrated system, Tactus, is described. Tactus facilitates the implementation of interactive multimedia computer programs by managing latency and synchronization in the framework of an object-oriented graphical user interface toolkit.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
High performance amorphous oxide thin film transistors with self-aligned top-gate structure (2009)

We have demonstrated self-aligned top-gate amorphous oxide TFTs for large size and high resolution displays. The processes such as source/drain and channel engineering have been developed to realize the self-aligned top gate structure. Ar plasma is exposed on the source/drain region of active layer to minimize the source/drain series resistances. To prevent the conductive channel, N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O plasma is also treated on the channel region of active layer. We obtain a field effect mobility of 5.5 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s, a threshold voltage of 1.1 V, and a sub-threshold swing of 0.35 V/decade at sub-micron a-GIZO TFTs with the length of 0.6 ¿m. Furthermore, a-IZO TFTs fabricated for gate and data driver circuits on glass substrate exhibit excellent electrical properties such as a field effect mobility of 115 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s, a threshold voltage of 0.2 V, a sub-threshold swing of 0.2 V/decade, and low threshold voltage shift less than 1 V under bias temperature stress for 3 hr.
Efficacy and Safety of Hemoglobin‐Polyethylene Glycol Conjugate (Pyridoxalated Polyethylene Glycol Hemoglobin) as an Oxygen‐Carrying Resuscitation Fluid (1986)

The safety and efficacy of a conjugate of pyridoxalated hemoglobin and polyethylene glycol (pyridoxalated PEG hemoglobin) were evaluated after administration to rats. The LD50 (lethal dose for 50% survival of group) of pyridoxalated polyethylene glycol (PEG) hemoglobin was greater than 200 ml/kg. Any pro- or anticoagulation activity was not demonstrated in in vitro coagulation tests. One day after 70% exchange-transfusion with pyridoxalated PEG hemoglobin, slight elevations of the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and blood urea nitrogen values, which were 101.7 +/- 22.6 IU/L, 33.3 +/- 7.2 IU/L, and 23.1 +/- 1.4 mg/dl, respectively, were observed. However, these values were in the normal range after 3 days. With greater than 90% exchange-transfusion, all rats exchange-transfused with pyridoxalated PEG hemoglobin survived for greater than 2 weeks in contrast to the death of all the rats exchange-transfused with stroma-free hemoglobin or albumin.
A modified harvest technique for cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. (1992)

Human umbilical cord blood is an excellent source of hematopoietic stem cells for research and bone marrow transplantation. We have developed a modified technique which effectively flushes and collects placental derived stem cells. Catheters were inserted into the umbilical artery and vein. Using this sterile and closed system technique, 10 saline diluted cord blood harvests had hematocrits of 16% to 25%, total mononuclear cell counts of 1.17 to 34.4 x 10(8) and volumes of 105-245 ml. The averaged extrapolated colony forming units from five cord blood harvests were as follows: CFU-GM 5.2 x 10(5) (9.96 x 10(4) to 1.24 x 10(6)), BFU-E 8.82 x 10(5) (2.40 x 10(4) to 1.61 x 10(6)) and CFU-GEMM 1.37 x 10(5) (7.33 x 10(3) to 3.18 x 10(5)). This quick technique avoids needle exposure and collects a significant volume of stem cells.
Preparation of N-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/NiO Composite Electrode and its Photoelectrochemcal Characteristics (2011)

TiO 2-x N x film was prepared by the combination of sol-gel and spin-coating method on indium-tin oxide (ITO) conducting glass substrate. Then an ITO/TiO 2-x N x /NiO composite electrode was obtained by chemical bath deposition (CBD). The morphology, crystal structure and composition of the ITO/TiO 2-x N x film were characterized by SEM, XRD, and XPS. The photoelectrochemical properties of the ITO/TiO 2-x N x /NiO electrode were evaluated by photocurrent transient measurements and UV-visible transmittance spectra. The results showed that the ITO/TiO 2-x N x /NiO electrode was sensitive to light and exhibited a noticeable photoelectrochromism.
Cavitand-Functionalized Porous Silicon as an Active Surface for Organophosphorus Vapor Detection (2011)

This paper reports on the preparation of a porous silicon-based material covalently functionalized with cavitand receptors suited for the detection of organophosphorus vapors. Two different isomeric cavitands, both containing one acid group at the upper rim, specifically designed for covalent anchoring on silicon, were grafted on H-terminated porous silicon (PSi) by thermal hydrosilylation. The covalently functionalized surfaces and their complexation properties were characterized by combining different analytical techniques, namely X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mass spectroscopy analysis coupled with thermal desorption experiments. Complexation experiments were performed by exposing both active surfaces and a control surface consisting of PSi functionalized with a structurally similar but inactive methylene-bridged cavitand (MeCav) to dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) vapors. Comparison between active and inactive surfaces demonstrated the recognition properties of the new surfaces. Finally, the nature of the involved interactions, the energetic differences between active and inactive surfaces toward DMMP complexation, and the comparison with a true nerve gas agent (sarin) were studied by DFT modeling. The results revealed the successful grafting reaction, the specific host-guest interactions of the PSi-bonded receptors, and the reversibility of the guest complexation.
Migration of Perilesional Microglia after Focal Brain Injury and Modulation by CC Chemokine Receptor 5: AnIn SituTime-Lapse Confocal Imaging Study (2005)

Microglia rapidly become reactive in response to diverse stimuli and are thought to be prominent participants in the pathophysiology of both acute injury and chronic neurological diseases. However, mature microglial reactions to a focal lesion have not been characterized dynamically in adult vertebrate tissue. Here, we present a detailed analysis of long-distance perilesional microglial migration using time-lapse confocal microscopy in acutely isolated living slices from adult brain-injured mice. Extensive migration of perilesional microglia was apparent by 24 h after injury and peaked at 3 d. Average instantaneous migration speeds of approximately 5 microm/min and peak speeds >10 microm/min were observed. Collective, directed migration toward the lesion edge was not observed as might be expected in the presence of chemoattractive gradients. Rather, migration was autonomous and could be modeled as a random walk. Pharmacological blockade of the cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptor 5 reduced migration velocity and the number of perilesional migratory microglia without affecting directional persistence, suggesting a novel role for chemokines in modulation of discrete migratory parameters. Finally, activated microglia in the denervated hippocampal stratum oriens did not migrate extensively, whereas human immunodeficiency virus-1 tat-activated microglia migrated nearly twice as fast as those at the stab lesion, indicating a nonuniform microglial response to different stimuli. Understanding the characteristics and specific molecular mechanisms underlying microglial migration after neural injury could reveal novel targets for therapeutic strategies for modulating neuroinflammation in human diseases.
Detection of individual fluorescently labeled reovirions in living cells. (1990)

Reovirus serotype 1 (Lang) can be conjugated with rhodamine B or fluorescein isothiocyanate in a way that preserves viral infectivity. We have used epifluorescence microscopy to detect individual virions bound to the surface of cells and to follow in real time the early stages of reovirus infection in living cells. Following uptake of the virus into endocytic vesicles, the movement of these vesicles can be observed readily. The vesicle movement is inhibited by nocodazole or colchicine, consistent with previous findings that the movement of intracellular vesicles is often microtubule-based.
Syntheses around the Transglycosylation Step in Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses around the Transglycosylation Step in Peptidoglycan BiosynthesisPeter WelzelView Author Information Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 12, 4610–4660Publication Date (Web):October 6, 2005Publication History Received1 March 2005Published online6 October 2005Published inissue 1 December 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr040634ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr040634eresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1667Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Chemical synthesis,Lipids,Peptides and proteins,Protective groups Get e-Alerts
On the treatment of negative intensity observations (1978)

A method is described which produces sensible estimates of structure factor moduli from intensity observations, whether the latter are positive or negative. Preliminary applications of the method to data from the protein phosphorylase b are summarized.
NRF2 and the Phase II Response in Acute Stress Resistance Induced by Dietary Restriction (2012)

Dietary restriction (DR) as a means to increase longevity is well-established in a number of model organisms from yeast to primates. DR also improves metabolic fitness and increases resistance to acute oxidative, carcinogenic and toxicological stressors - benefits with more immediate potential for clinical translation than increased lifespan. While the detailed mechanism of DR action remains unclear, a conceptual framework involving an adaptive, or hormetic response to the stress of nutrient/energy deprivation has been proposed. A key prediction of the hormesis hypothesis of DR is that beneficial adaptations occur in response to an increase in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS). These ROS may be derived either from increased mitochondrial respiration or increased xenobiotic metabolism in the case of some DR mimetics. This review will focus on the potential role of the redox-sensing transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its control of the evolutionarily conserved antioxidant/redox cycling and detoxification systems, collectively known as the Phase II response, in the adaptive response to DR.
Acryloyl‐CoA reductase from Clostridium propionicum (2003)

Acryloyl-CoA reductase from Clostridium propionicum catalyses the irreversible NADH-dependent formation of propionyl-CoA from acryloyl-CoA. Purification yielded a heterohexadecameric yellow-greenish enzyme complex [(alpha2betagamma)4; molecular mass 600 +/- 50 kDa] composed of a propionyl-CoA dehydrogenase (alpha2, 2 x 40 kDa) and an electron-transferring flavoprotein (ETF; beta, 38 kDa; gamma, 29 kDa). A flavin content (90% FAD and 10% FMN) of 2.4 mol per alpha2betagamma subcomplex (149 kDa) was determined. A substrate alternative to acryloyl-CoA (Km = 2 +/- 1 microm; kcat = 4.5 s-1 at 100 microm NADH) is 3-buten-2-one (methyl vinyl ketone; Km = 1800 microm; kcat = 29 s-1 at 300 microm NADH). The enzyme complex exhibits acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity with propionyl-CoA (Km = 50 microm; kcat = 2.0 s-1) or butyryl-CoA (Km = 100 microm; kcat = 3.5 s-1) as electron donor and 200 microm ferricenium hexafluorophosphate as acceptor. The enzyme also catalysed the oxidation of NADH by iodonitrosotetrazolium chloride (diaphorase activity) or by air, which led to the formation of H2O2 (NADH oxidase activity). The N-terminus of the dimeric propionyl-CoA dehydrogenase subunit is similar to those of butyryl-CoA dehydrogenases from several clostridia and related anaerobes (up to 55% sequence identity). The N-termini of the beta and gamma subunits share 40% and 35% sequence identities with those of the A and B subunits of the ETF from Megasphaera elsdenii, respectively, and up to 60% with those of putative ETFs from other anaerobes. Acryloyl-CoA reductase from C. propionicum has been characterized as a soluble enzyme, with kinetic properties perfectly adapted to the requirements of the organism. The enzyme appears not to be involved in anaerobic respiration with NADH or reduced ferredoxin as electron donors. There is no relationship to the trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductases from various organisms or the recently described acryloyl-CoA reductase activity of propionyl-CoA synthase from Chloroflexus aurantiacus.
Real-Time Monitoring of Peptide Cleavage Using a Nanopore Probe (2009)

Here we report a rapid, label-free method for monitoring peptide cleavage. Monitoring peptide translocation through an engineered ion channel in the absence and the presence of an enzyme allowed quantitative chemical kinetics information on enzymatic processes to be obtained. In addition to its potential application in disease diagnostics and drug discovery, this peptide/protein cleavage approach is envisioned for further development as a novel rapid, label-free protein sequencing technique.
Protein kinase C mediates the signal for interferon‐γ mRNA expression in cytotoxic T cells after their adhesion to laminin (1998)

A cytotoxic T-cell line, CTLL-2 cells, showed spreading after adhering to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN) and hyarulonic acid (HA). The adhesion of CTLL-2 cells to LN was mediated by very late activation antigen-6 (VLA-6). Expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA was enhanced in CTLL-2 cells, also when they adhered to extracellular matrix proteins; and the enhanced IFN-gamma mRNA expression by adhering to LN was blocked by anti-alpha 6 antibody. Calphostin C, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, markedly inhibited the enhancement of IFN-gamma mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner, which suggested that PKC acted as a second messenger in the IFN-gamma mRNA expression mediated by the interaction of VLA-6 with LN in CTLL-2 cells. Furthermore, confocal laser-microscopic analysis and Western blot analysis revealed that PKC-alpha was activated after CTLL-2 cells adhered to LN. PKC activity translocated from the cytosol fraction to the particulate fraction, after CTLL-2 cells adhered to LN. Altogether, we suggest that PKC plays an important role in the signal transduction for IFN-gamma mRNA expression after cytotoxic T cells adhere to LN.
Detection of Antiendometrial Antibodies in Sera of Patients With Endometriosis by Dual‐Colored, Double‐Labeling Immunohistochemical Method and Western Blot (1995)

These data show that specific IgG antibodies reactive against endometrial antigens are detectable in sera from some patients with endometriosis.
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms: differential deposition into the subepithelial extracellular matrix and bioactivity of extracellular matrix-bound VEGF. (1993)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)mRNA undergoes alternative splicing events that generate four different homodimeric isoforms, VEGF121, VEGF165, VEGF189, or VEGF206. VEGF121 is a nonheparin-binding acidic protein, which is freely diffusible. The longer forms, VEGF189 or VEGF206, are highly basic proteins tightly bound to extracellular heparin-containing proteoglycans. VEGF165 has intermediate properties. To determine the localization of VEGF isoforms, transfected human embryonic kidney CEN4 cells expressing VEGF165, VEGF189, or VEGF206 were stained by immunofluorescence with a specific monoclonal antibody. The staining was found in patches and streaks suggestive of extracellular matrix (ECM). VEGF165 was observed largely in Golgi apparatus-like structures. Immunogold labeling of cells expressing VEGF189 or VEGF206 revealed that the staining was localized to the subepithelial ECM. VEGF associated with the ECM was bioactive, because endothelial cells cultured on ECM derived from cells expressing VEGF189 or VEGF206 were markedly stimulated to proliferate. In addition, ECM-bound VEGF can be released into a soluble and bioactive form by heparin or plasmin. ECM-bound VEGF189 and VEGF206 have molecular masses consistent with the intact polypeptides. The ECM may represent an important source of VEGF and angiogenic potential.
On information-theoretic privacy with general distortion cost functions (2017)

The privacy-utility tradeoff problem is formulated as determining the privacy mechanism (random mapping) that minimizes the mutual information (a metric for privacy leakage) between the private features of the original dataset and a released version. The minimization is subject to a constraint on the average distortion cost defined as a function f evaluated for every distortion d between the public features and the released version of dataset. The asymptotic optimal leakage is derived both for general and stationary memoryless privacy mechanisms. It is shown that for convex cost functions there is no asymptotic loss in using stationary memoryless mechanisms. Of independent interest are the proof techniques developed here for arbitrary cost functions.
Implementation of a Small‐Scale Prototype for Software Service System (SSS) (1988)

Abstract The software service system (SSS) is used for software protection and distribution, aiming at a balance between the protection of the rights of the proprietor and the convenience of utilization and distribution. The distributed software includes the permission provision program describing the condition of utilization. The record of the user's right (abbreviated as record of right) describing the user's rights, is stored in the nonvolatile memory of the computer. The permission provision program refers the right record, and verifies the user's right. Based on that result, the program controls the execution, termination, stop and restart of the corresponding software. This paper reports on the implementation of a small‐scale model for the software distribution environment by SSS. SSSBOX is constructed, which is an environment to execute the permission provision program, i.e., the proprietary management mechanism which manages the right record and provides the access of the permission provision program to the right record. The following facts were verified as the result of experiment. The permission provision program can describe various kinds of permission conditions, such as software rental, purchase, free trial and restricted permission only for specified users. On the other hand, the description aiming at construction of unreasonable right record or destruction of the right record constructed by another permission provision program, are detected during execution and is refused securely.