gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of a de novo t(5p;21q) in a patient previously diagnosed as monosomy 21. (1988)

Genomic single-copy DNA fragments were used to characterize an undetected chromosome translocation in an individual whose metaphase chromosome analysis revealed apparent monosomy 21. Eight RFLPs detected by six probes were used to identify homologous sequences from chromosome 21 in DNA digests from the proband and her parents. These family studies showed that the proband was disomic for the distal region of 21q. Reverse banding and in situ hybridization of chromosome 21-specific probes to metaphase chromosomes from the proband revealed a de novo translocation with breakpoints at 5p13 or 14 and 21q11 or 21. In situ hybridization permitted orientation of the translocated portion of chromosome 21 on the derivative chromosome 5 and, in conjunction with molecular analysis and previous mapping studies, refined the physical map for the long arm of chromosome 21.
Frequency and pattern of karyotypic abnormalities in human prostate cancer. (1990)

The cytogenetic evaluation of 30 cultured primary prostatic cancer specimens obtained during radical prostatectomies of patients with relatively early stage disease is reported. The majority of specimens examined showed a normal male karyotype, 46,XY. Nine samples contained clonally abnormal populations including five specimens which were hyperdiploid (modal range, 65-92 chromosomes), one specimen containing double minute chromosomes, and three containing structural aberrations. Loss of the Y chromosome and a partial trisomy for chromosome 4 was observed in a sample from one patient. Another sample showed a translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 5 and 7. The only tumor obtained from a previously irradiated patient contained no normal cells, a modal chromosome number of 45, loss of chromosomes 2 and Y, and multiple structural rearrangements. The appearance of any clonal cytogenetic abnormality correlated in general with a poorly differentiated state of cancer. A survey of all available previous cytogenetic data on human prostate adenocarcinoma indicated that the loss of chromosomes 1, 2, 5, and Y, the gain of chromosomes 7, 14, 20, and 22, and rearrangements involving chromosome arms 2p, 7q, and 10q are the most common changes observed. This suggests that, although the assignment of a single chromosomal aberration as a marker for early stage prostatic cancer is unlikely, several consistent "hotspots" might be of significance in the etiology of this disease.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Enhances Survival of Cardiomyocytes and Induces Regeneration of Myocardium After Myocardial Infarction (2003)

The intramuscular injection of LIF cDNA may induce regeneration of myocardium and provide a novel treatment for MI.
Functional Characterization of the HumanRPGRProximal Promoter (2012)

Our study defined the human RPGR proximal promoter region in which a 3-kb fragment contained sufficient regulatory elements to control RPGR expression in mouse retina and other tissues. Characterization of the RPGR promoter will facilitate understanding of the functional role of RPGR in the retina and gene therapy of X-linked RP.
Macrophage-Directed Delivery of Doxorubicin Conjugated to Neoglycoprotein Using Leishmaniasis as the Model Disease (1993)

The antileishmanial potency of doxorubicin conjugated to mannose-human serum albumin (man-HSA) was tested in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Conjugation of doxorubicin did not decrease the affinity of the neoglycoprotein for the macrophage mannose receptor. Conjugated doxorubicin eliminated intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in peritoneal macrophages almost 12.5 times more efficiently than did the free drug and greatly reduced and possibly eliminated splenic intracellular parasites in four consecutive dosages at 5 micrograms/kg/day for 45 days. Free drug at a similar dose had little effect. The leishmanicidal effect of doxorubicin conjugate can be prevented by competitive inhibitors such as man-HSA or mannan and inhibitors of receptor-mediated endocytosis such as colchicine and monensin. These results not only indicate the potential of doxorubicin as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for leishmaniasis but also establish the use of mannosylated neoglycoprotein as a drug carrier in the therapy of macrophage-associated diseases.
Adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;11)(q27;q23) (2004)

Although the patient sample was small, the authors suggested that investigational approaches, including allogeneic transplantation, be considered for adults with t(6;11) AML.
NEUROCIRCUITRY UNDERLYING RISK AND RESILIENCE TO SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (2014)

These findings suggest that engaging regulatory prefrontal regions during anticipation may be a protective factor, or putative neural marker of resilience, in high-risk individuals. Cognitive training targeting prefrontal cortex function may provide protection against anxiety, especially in high-risk individuals, such as those with inhibited temperament.
Cleavage-Independent HIV-1 Env Trimers Engineered as Soluble Native Spike Mimetics for Vaccine Design (2015)

Viral glycoproteins mediate entry by pH-activated or receptor-engaged activation and exist in metastable pre-fusogenic states that may be stabilized by directed rational design. As recently reported, the conformationally fixed HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers in the pre-fusion state (SOSIP) display molecular homogeneity and structural integrity at relatively high levels of resolution. However, the SOSIPs necessitate full Env precursor cleavage, which requires endogenous furin overexpression. Here, we developed an alternative strategy using flexible peptide covalent linkage of Env subdomains to produce soluble, homogeneous, and cleavage-independent Env mimics, called native flexibly linked (NFL) trimers, as vaccine candidates. This simplified design avoids the need for furin co-expression and, in one case, antibody affinity purification to accelerate trimer scale-up for preclinical and clinical applications. We have successfully translated the NFL design to multiple HIV-1 subtypes, establishing the potential to become a general method of producing native-like, well-ordered Env trimers for HIV-1 or other viruses.
Guanine modification daring chemical DNA synthesis (1987)

Base modification during solid-phase phosphoramidite synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides has been investigated. We have discovered chemical modification that converts dG and dG-containing oligomers to a fluorescent form. This modification has been linked to N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), an acylation catalyst, which can displace phosphate triester adducts at the 6-position of guanine. Further, we have found that this fluorescent intermediate can be converted in ammonium hydroxide solution to 2,6 diaminopurine deoxyribonucleoside (2,6 DAP), a potentially mutagenic nucleoside analog. We have shown that N-methylimidazole (NMI) in place of DMAP eliminates the fluorescent species and reduces 2,6 DAP contamination.
Quantitative Image Analysis of Cellular Heterogeneity in Breast Tumors Complements Genomic Profiling (2012)

Solid tumors are heterogeneous tissues composed of a mixture of cancer and normal cells, which complicates the interpretation of their molecular profiles. Furthermore, tissue architecture is generally not reflected in molecular assays, rendering this rich information underused. To address these challenges, we developed a computational approach based on standard hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections and demonstrated its power in a discovery and validation cohort of 323 and 241 breast tumors, respectively. To deconvolute cellular heterogeneity and detect subtle genomic aberrations, we introduced an algorithm based on tumor cellularity to increase the comparability of copy number profiles between samples. We next devised a predictor for survival in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer that integrated both image-based and gene expression analyses and significantly outperformed classifiers that use single data types, such as microarray expression signatures. Image processing also allowed us to describe and validate an independent prognostic factor based on quantitative analysis of spatial patterns between stromal cells, which are not detectable by molecular assays. Our quantitative, image-based method could benefit any large-scale cancer study by refining and complementing molecular assays of tumor samples.
Enriched transcription factor signatures in triple negative breast cancer indicates possible targeted therapies with existing drugs (2015)

With the increasing number of large sample size breast cancer cohorts, an exploratory analysis of genes that are consistently enriched in TN sharing common promoter motifs allows for the identification of possible therapeutic targets with extensive validation in patient derived data sets.
Environmental Regulation of Salmonella typhi Invasion-Defective Mutants (1998)

Salmonella typhi is the etiologic agent of human typhoid. During infection, S. typhi adheres to and invades epithelial and M cells that line the distal ileum. To survive in the human host, S. typhi must overcome numerous complex extracellular and intracellular environments. Since relatively little is known about S. typhi pathogenesis, studies were initiated to identify S. typhi genes involved in the early steps of interaction with the host and to evaluate the environmental regulation of these genes. In the present study, TnphoA mutagenesis was used to study these early steps. We isolated 16 Salmonella typhi TnphoA mutants that were defective for both adherence and invasion of the human small intestinal epithelial cell line Int407. Twelve of sixteen mutations were identified in genes homologous to the S. typhimurium invG and prgH genes, which are known to be involved in the type III secretion pathway of virulence proteins. Two additional insertions were identified in genes sharing homology with the cpxA and damX genes from Escherichia coli K-12, and two uncharacterized invasion-deficient mutants were nonmotile. Gene expression of TnphoA fusions was examined in response to environmental stimuli. We found that the cpxA, invG, and prgH genes were induced when grown under conditions of high osmolarity (0.3 M NaCl). Expression of invG and prgH genes was optimal at pH 6.5 and strongly reduced at low pH (5.0). Transcription of both invG and prgH TnphoA gene fusions was initiated during the late logarithmic growth phase and was induced under anaerobic conditions. Finally, we show that both invG and prgH genes appear to be regulated by DNA supercoiling, a mechanism influenced by environmental factors. These results are the first to demonstrate that in S. typhi, (i) the prgH and cpxA genes are osmoregulated, (ii) the invG gene is induced under low oxygen conditions, (iii) the invG gene is pH regulated and growth phase dependent, and (iv) the prgH gene appears to be regulated by DNA supercoiling. Since our experimental conditions were designed to mimic the in vivo environmental milieu, our results suggest that specific environmental conditions act as signals to induce the expression of S. typhi invasion genes.
1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines. Part II. Fragmentation of some 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines induced by electron impact (1970)

Measurements have been made of the mass spectra of 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, of a number of its derivatives with alkyl- or aryl-substituents in the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-positions, and of compounds containing amino-, nitro-, nitroso-, and halogeno-substituents in the 3-position. In certain cases additional evidence such as accurate mass measurement, examination of the origin of metastable ions, and deuterium labelling has been used to confirm the proposed fragmentation pathways. The mode of decomposition for many of the compounds is best accounted for by the formation of naphthyridines and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines as intermediates. Comparisons are drawn with the fragmentation pathways of analogous indoles.
Antitumor Activity of Synthetic Oligonucleotides with Sequences from cDNA Encoding Proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1992)

Thirteen kinds of 45-mer or 30-mer synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences randomly selected from the cDNA encoding three kinds of protein of Mycobacterium bovis BCG were tested for their antitumor activity in a murine tumor system. Six out of the 13 single-stranded oligonucleotides which contained one or more hexameric palindromic sequences showed strong antitumor activity while the others without palindromic structure did not. Namely, repeated intralesional injections of 100 micrograms of the 6 oligonucleotides caused regression of the established tumor but the other 7 were ineffective. When tumor cells were mixed with 100 micrograms of an effective oligonucleotide and injected into mice, tumor growth was markedly suppressed. These results suggested that palindromic structure is essential for the antitumor activity of the synthetic oligonucleotides.
Independent One-Time Passwords. (1995)

Existing one-time password (OTP) schemes su er several drawbacks. Token-based systems are expensive, while software-based schemes rely on one-time passwords that are dependent oneachother. There are disadvantages to authentication schemes that rely on dependent OTP&amp;apos;s. It is di cult to replicate the authentication server without lowering security. Also, current authentication schemes based on dependent OTP&amp;apos;s only authenticate the initial connection � the remainder of the session is assumed to be authenticated. Experience shows that connections can be hijacked. A new scheme for generating one-time passwords that are independent is presented. The independence property enables easy replication of the authentication server, and authentication that is persistent for the lifetime of a connection. This mechanism is also ideally suited for smart card applications. Our implementation and several applications are discussed. 1
Inhibition of uterine contractions of premature labour with an oxytocin analogue. Results from a pilot study (1987)

A competitive inhibitor of the action of oxytocin on the uterus, 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr-(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin, was studied for the first time in 13 patients with established, uncomplicated premature labour. Intravenous infusion of 10-100 micrograms/min of the analogue was given for 1-10 h and the effect was monitored by external cardiotocography. In all women an inhibition of uterine activity was observed, and in the majority of patients infused with 25 micrograms/min and a total dose of about 5 mg or more of the drug total inhibition of uterine contractions was achieved. There were no effects on the maternal and fetal pulse rates, nor were there any other side-effects. The results of this preliminary study support the concept of an increased concentration of uterine oxytocin receptors being aetiologically important in uncomplicated premature labour. They also suggest that the present oxytocin antagonist could be an interesting therapeutic alternative in the condition, primarily because of the marked selectivity of its effect.
The draft genome and transcriptome of Cannabis sativa (2011)

The availability of the Cannabis sativa genome enables the study of a multifunctional plant that occupies a unique role in human culture. Its availability will aid the development of therapeutic marijuana strains with tailored cannabinoid profiles and provide a basis for the breeding of hemp with improved agronomic characteristics.
Two 21-kilodalton components of the Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen complex and their relationship to ZEBRA-associated protein p21 (ZAP21) (1996)

The viral capsid antigen complex of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an important serodiagnostic marker of infection with the virus, consists of at least four components, with molecular masses of 150, 110, 40, and 21 kDa. Here we show that the 21-kDa component of the viral capsid antigen consists of products of two EBV genes, BFRF3 and BLRF2. Both products were expressed from late transcripts, were recognized by human antisera, and were present in virions. The BFRF3 product, but not that of BLRF2, fulfilled the definition of ZEBRA-associated protein p21 (ZAP21). In cells in which EBV was lytically replicating, BFRF3 protein was coimmunoprecipitated together with ZEBRA by a rabbit antiserum directed against amino acids 197 to 245 of BZLF1. In EBV-negative cells cotransfected with BZLF1 and BFRF3 expression vectors, BFRF3 was also coimmunoprecipitated with this antiserum. Although this antiserum could not detect BFRF3 on an immunoblot, it was able to immunoprecipitate BFRF3 in the absence of ZEBRA expression. The rabbit antiserum to amino acids 197 to 245 of BZLF1 was found to detect the same epitope at the carboxy end of BFRF3 as was recognized by rabbit antiserum to BFRF3 itself. Thus, coimmunoprecipitation of BFRF3 p21 with ZEBRA appeared to be due to cross-reactivity of the immunoprecipitating antiserum rather than to direct association of ZEBRA and BFRF3 p21.
Adenoviral Vector Immunity: Its Implications and Circumvention Strategies (2011)

Adenoviral (Ad) vectors have emerged as a promising gene delivery platform for a variety of therapeutic and vaccine purposes during last two decades. However, the presence of preexisting Ad immunity and the rapid development of Ad vector immunity still pose significant challenges to the clinical use of these vectors. Innate inflammatory response following Ad vector administration may lead to systemic toxicity, drastically limit vector transduction efficiency and significantly abbreviate the duration of transgene expression. Currently, a number of approaches are being extensively pursued to overcome these drawbacks by strategies that target either the host or the Ad vector. In addition, significant progress has been made in the development of novel Ad vectors based on less prevalent human Ad serotypes and nonhuman Ad. This review provides an update on our current understanding of immune responses to Ad vectors and delineates various approaches for eluding Ad vector immunity. Approaches targeting the host and those targeting the vector are discussed in light of their promises and limitations.
Cough detection using fuzzy classification (1995)

In this paper a biomedical signal interpretation problem from the field of artificial ventilation is present& cough detection. The problem was analyzed and solved by application of fuzzy classification methods using data from volunteers breathing through a mouthpiece. In a tist step a fuzzy classification system is designed manually. Then. a fuzzy classification system is generated automatkally utilizing the fuzzy-neuro method Fuzzy RuleNet. In a third step a noise elimination cycle for Fuzzy RuleNet is introduced to eliminate neurons i.e. rules, created by noise and artifacts as encountered in this and similar applications. The comparison of the manually and the two autom.atically generated systems shows that the automated method Fuzzy RuleNet is able to generate a fuzzy classification system with performance and complexity comparable to the manually generated system. are forwarded as feature vector to tk fuzzy classification system.
Accumulation of Phosphorylated Sphingoid Long Chain Bases Results in Cell Growth Inhibition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2000)

Sphingolipid metabolites in mammals can function as signaling molecules with cell-specific functions. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, phosphorylated long chain bases, such as dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate and phytosphingosine 1-phosphate, have also been implicated in stress responses. To further explore the biological roles of these molecules, we created disruption mutants for LCB4, LCB5, DPL1, YSR2, YSR3, and SUR2. LCB4 and LCB5 encode kinases that phosphorylate long chain bases. DPL1 and YSR2/YSR3 are involved in degradation of the phosphorylated long chain bases. SUR2 catalyzes conversion of dihydrosphingosine to phytosphingosine. We adapted an HPLC method to measure intracellular concentrations of the phosphorylated long chain bases. Double mutants of dpl1 and ysr2 were inviable, whereas dpl1 ysr2 lcb4 triple mutants were viable. Further, growth inhibition associated with accumulated phosphorylated long chain bases was observed in the triple mutant dpl1 ysr2 lcb4 overexpressing LCB4 or LCB5. These results indicate that phosphorylated long chain bases can inhibit cell growth. Mutants defective in both YSR2 and SUR2, which accumulated dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate only, grew poorly. The phenotypes of the ysr2 sur2 mutants were suppressed by overexpression of DPL1. Our results clearly show that elevated levels of phosphorylated long chain bases have an antiproliferative effect in yeast.
Intelligent antenna technology and application in TD-SCDMA (2007)

Starting with intelligent antenna principle, focal point and the complex degree in combination actual application are introduced the application of intelligent antenna in TD-SCDMA system, and its advantage are analysed in detail.
Deletion of the vaccinia virus growth factor gene reduces virus virulence (1988)

The vaccinia virus growth factor (VGF) gene encodes a polypeptide with amino acid sequence homology to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha and is present twice, once at each end of the virus genome within the inverted terminal repetition. Recombination procedures were used to replace more than half of both VGF genes with a beta-galactosidase cassette which served as a color indicator for isolating an unconditionally viable VGF- mutant. The VGF- mutant genotype and phenotype were confirmed by Southern blot analysis and assays for functional growth factor. The plaque-forming efficiencies of VGF- and wild-type (WT) viruses were similar in a variety of cell types containing low or high densities of EGF receptors, suggesting a lack of a specific requirement for either VGF or the EGF receptor in the initiation of virus infection. The yield of VGF- virus was similar to that of WT virus in growing BS-C-1 and Swiss 3T3 cells, but lower in resting Swiss 3T3 cells. The greatest differences between VGF- and WT virus occurred in vivo: higher doses of VGF- virus than WT virus were required for intracranial lethality in mice and for production of skin lesions in rabbits. Thus, expression of the VGF gene is important to the virulence of vaccinia virus.
MyD88: A Critical Adaptor Protein in Innate Immunity Signal Transduction (2012)

The last decade of the 20th century witnessed a dramatic expansion in the field of immunology, including major discoveries that markedly increased our understanding of innate immunity. This rapid growth in knowledge was fueled by the development of comprehensive gene libraries and advances in
Early lung cancer detection: results of the initial (prevalence) radiologic and cytologic screening in the Mayo Clinic study. (1984)

The initial (prevalence) radiologic and cytologic screening for lung cancer in the Mayo Clinic study (Mayo Lung Project) involved 10,933 outpatients. All were men at high risk for lung cancer, but none were suspected of having it when they entered the Mayo Clinic. Screening identified 91 lung cancers (8.3 per 1,000 screened). Nearly two thirds of the prevalence lung cancers were detected by chest roentgenography alone. Half of these cancers were resected. Only a fifth of the cancers were detected by sputum cytologic examination alone; however, all but 1 of these were resected. Compared with a group of lung cancers encountered in contemporary clinical practice at the Mayo Clinic, the prevalence cancers were more than twice as likely to be (1) resectable, (2) postsurgical Stage I or II (AJCC), and (3) associated with survival 5 yr after treatment.
Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccination and Incidence of IDDM in Montreal, Canada (1997)

The lower proportion of birth-vaccinated IDDM cases diagnosed at a very young age, compared with nonvaccinated cases, possibly reflects a temporary boost of the immune functions after vaccination. However, as a whole, results from these analyses fail to support a protective role of BCG vaccination against juvenile-onset IDDM.