gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Co-expression of both the maize large and wheat small subunit genes of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase in Escherichia coli (1987)

A cDNA clone for the precursor form of the small subunit of wheat ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase has been modified to allow the expression in Escherichia coli of a mature form of small subunit that lacks the transit peptide. Synthesis of the protein is controlled by a lac promoter, and translation is initiated from a lacZ ribosome binding site, giving rise to a small subunit with several beta-galactosidase amino acids fused to its N-terminus. A plasmid has been constructed that enables both wheat small subunits and maize large subunits to be synthesized in the bacterial cell, but using different promoters to allow independent expression of the rbcS and rbcL genes. When the small subunit is synthesized in the absence of the large subunit, it is found in the soluble fraction but the polypeptide is unstable and has a half-life of less than 15 min. Its size on sucrose gradients indicates a monomeric or dimeric form. When large subunit synthesis is induced in cells containing the small subunit, both subunits are found predominantly in the insoluble fraction and are fully stable for more than 120 min, suggesting that aggregation of the subunits may occur. The two subunits do not assemble together to form an active holoenzyme in vivo, even when nascent large subunits ware synthesized in a pool of mature small subunits. This indicates that other factors may be required to mediate the assembly of the higher plant enzyme.
The Genetics of Schizophrenia: A Current, Genetic-epidemiologic Perspective (1993)

In the "Special Report on Schizophrenia" published in the Schizophrenia Bulletin in 1987, the genetic basis of schizophrenia was reviewed. Here, we provide our perspective on the current status of this area of investigation, focusing largely but not exclusively on recent findings. Methodologically rigorous family studies have now clearly shown that schizophrenia substantially aggregates in families. Familial factors that predispose to schizophrenia also increase the risk for certain schizophrenia-related personality disorders and probably for some forms of non-schizophrenic nonaffective psychosis. Results from one new twin study and updates from two ongoing adoption studies continue to support the hypothesis that genetic factors play a major role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Little is known about how genetic liability to schizophrenia is transmitted, although statistical models suggest that transmission is probably not due solely to a single major gene. Schizophrenia is clearly a complex disorder in that gene carriers need not manifest the illness (incomplete penetrance), affected individuals need not have the gene (environmental forms of phenocopies), diagnostic uncertainties cannot be avoided, and different families may carry different susceptibility genes (genetic heterogeneity). Therefore, segregation or linkage analyses are far more difficult to perform with schizophrenia than with Mendelian genetic disorders. Given this complexity, it is not too surprising that no replicated positive evidence for linkage to schizophrenia has been reported to date. However, just as linkage analysis of schizophrenia should not be excessively embraced as the only form of viable genetic research in schizophrenia, it also shouldn't be prematurely spurned. If one or several genes of major effect exist for schizophrenia, large samples using new statistical and laboratory methodologies have a good chance of detecting them. The authors thus recommend a balanced research approach to the genetics of schizophrenia that includes traditional methods of family, twin, and adoption studies as well as a major effort in large-sample linkage studies.
Introduction digital diversity, ideology, and the politics of a writing revolution [accepted manuscript] (2017)

For writing and literacies researchers, the opening decades of the twenty-ﬁrst century seem replete with possibilities, as emerging digital technologies facilitate expanded communicative repertoires and multiple forms of participation, collaboration, and civic engagement. These possibilities motivate three key agendas for writing and literacies research that inform this book. The ﬁrst is the rapid and increased role of digital technologies that have become ubiquitous in daily life, in schools, in workplaces, and in every sphere of society. Such transformations have led to a groundswell of literacy research to help education keep pace with the changes to the digital communications environment, to ensure that schooling practices continue to be relevant in a world in which we cannot predict the technologies of tomorrow. Writing and literacy education is not simply an agenda of the pastof basic skills, of narrow curriculum, a means through which governments can create good citizens with functional literacies. Rather, literacies are central to education, to society, to human cognition, to human socialization, cultural identities, power relations, and to the very construction of social space.
Does “just in time” = “better late than never”? (1997)

The World-Wide Web is emerging as a medium for distributing platform-independent, intermediate-form programs. Most Java vendors have recently announced plans to construct "just-in-time" systems, which translate the intermediate text into native code on demand. In this paper, we present experiments that show the benefits of just-in-time systems as compared with the traditional (compile prior to execution) systems. We introduce a new method--the continuous compiler-- that can outperform just-in-time systems by overlapping compilation with program interpretation and native execution. Based on those results, we then present a smart just-in-time system that blends interpretation with native-code execution, thereby obtaining improved performance.
Nucleotide sequence of human prostatic acid phosphatase determined from a full-length cDNA clone (1990)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of human prostatic acid phosphatase determined from a full-length cDNA clone Get access Pankaj G. Tailor, Pankaj G. Tailor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Manjapra V. Govindan, Manjapra V. Govindan 1Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de I'Universite LavalSte-Foy, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pravin C. Patel Pravin C. Patel * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 16, 25 August 1990, Page 4928, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.16.4928 Published: 25 August 1990 Article history Accepted: 11 July 1990 Published: 25 August 1990
Biofilm reactors for industrial bioconversion processes: employing potential of enhanced reaction rates (2005)

This article describes the use of biofilm reactors for the production of various chemicals by fermentation and wastewater treatment. Biofilm formation is a natural process where microbial cells attach to the support (adsorbent) or form flocs/aggregates (also called granules) without use of chemicals and form thick layers of cells known as "biofilms." As a result of biofilm formation, cell densities in the reactor increase and cell concentrations as high as 74 gL(-1) can be achieved. The reactor configurations can be as simple as a batch reactor, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), packed bed reactor (PBR), fluidized bed reactor (FBR), airlift reactor (ALR), upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, or any other suitable configuration. In UASB granular biofilm particles are used. This article demonstrates that reactor productivities in these reactors have been superior to any other reactor types. This article describes production of ethanol, butanol, lactic acid, acetic acid/vinegar, succinic acid, and fumaric acid in addition to wastewater treatment in the biofilm reactors. As the title suggests, biofilm reactors have high potential to be employed in biotechnology/bioconversion industry for viable economic reasons. In this article, various reactor types have been compared for the above bioconversion processes.
A collagen‐like surface glycoprotein is a structural component of the Bacillus anthracis exosporium (2002)

Bacillus anthracis, the aetiological agent of anthrax, is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium. The exosporium is the outermost integument surrounding the mature spore. Here, we describe the purification and the characterization of an immunodominant protein of the spore surface. This protein was abundant, glycosylated and part of the exosporium. The amino-terminal sequence was determined and the corresponding gene was identified. It encodes a protein of 382 amino acid residues, the central part of which contains a region of GXX motifs presenting similarity to mammalian collagen proteins. Thus, this collagen-like surface protein was named BclA (for Bacillus collagen-like protein of anthracis). BclA was absent from vegetative cells; it was detected only in spores and sporulating cells. A potential promoter, dependent on the sigma factor sigma(K), which is required for a variety of events late in sporulation, was found upstream from the bclA gene. A bclA deletion mutant was constructed and analysed. Electron microscopy studies showed that BclA is a structural component of the filaments covering the outer layer of the exosporium.
Platelet Activation and Signal Transduction by Convulxin, a C-type Lectin from Crotalus durissus terrificus (Tropical Rattlesnake) Venom via the p62/GPVI Collagen Receptor (1997)

Convulxin, a powerful platelet activator, was isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom, and 20 amino acid N-terminal sequences of both subunits were determined. These indicated that convulxin belongs to the heterodimeric C-type lectin family. Neither antibodies against GPIb nor echicetin had any effect on convulxin-induced platelet aggregation showing that, in contrast to other venom C-type lectins acting on platelets, GPIb is not involved in convulxin-induced platelet activation. In addition, partially reduced/denatured convulxin only affects collagen-induced platelet aggregation. The mechanism of convulxin-induced platelet activation was examined by platelet aggregation, detection of time-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of platelet proteins, and binding studies with 125I-convulxin. Convulxin induces signal transduction in part like collagen, involving the time-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Fc receptor gamma chain, phospholipase Cgamma2, p72(SYK), c-Cbl, and p36-38. However, unlike collagen, pp125(FAK) and some other bands are not tyrosine-phosphorylated. Convulxin binds to a glycosylated 62-kDa membrane component in platelet lysate and to p62/GPVI immunoprecipitated by human anti-p62/GPVI antibodies. Convulxin subunits inhibit both aggregation and tyrosine phosphorylation in response to collagen. Piceatannol, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with some specificity for p72(SYK), showed differential effects on collagen and convulxin-stimulated signaling. These results suggest that convulxin uses the p62/GPVI but not the alpha2beta1 part of the collagen signaling pathways to activate platelets. Occupation and clustering of p62/GPVI may activate Src family kinases phosphorylating Fc receptor gamma chain and, by a mechanism previously described in T- and B-cells, activate p72(SYK) that is critical for downstream activation of platelets.
The role of performance models in parallel programming and languages (1997)

The Role of Performance Models in Parallel Programming and Languages by Ton Anh Ngo Chairperson of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Lawrence Snyder Department of Computer Science and Engineering A program must be portable, easy to write and yield high performance. Unfortunately, these three qualities present conflicting goals that require difficult and delicate balancing, and for parallel programs, the parallelism adds yet another level of complexity. The difficulty has proved to be a persistent obstacle to parallel systems, even for the data parallel class of applications where the parallelism is abundant and the computation is highly regular. This thesis is an effort to find this delicate balance between scalability, portability and convenience in parallel programming. To establish the framework for analyzing the many disparate and conflicting issues, I develop the concept of modeling and apply it throughout the study. In addition, the empirical nature of the problem calls ...
Total Synthesis of Halichondrin C (2011)

The first total synthesis of halichondrin C has been completed, highlighted by development of the synthetic method to construct the C8-C14 polycycle. Cr-mediated coupling reactions are used seven times to form a new C-C bond. The acid stability of halichondrin C is studied, demonstrating that the macrolactone stabilizes the C8-C14 polycycle, relative to the one present in the C1-C16 model.
Complications after total hip replacement. The contralateral limb. (1989)

Six patients who had a total hip replacement, as well as a trochanteric osteotomy, while they were in the lateral decubitus position had complications involving the contralateral side. The complications included transient paresthesias, massive swelling of the thigh with myonecrosis, acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria, and arterial insufficiency that resulted in a below-the-knee amputation. In order to elucidate the causes of the complications, the external pressure of the contralateral femoral triangle and the blood flow to the contralateral foot were monitored intraoperatively in seventeen patients. The results supported the postulate that pressure at the groin is increased intraoperatively and that this can cause vascular compromise. Other proposed causes of the complications were pre-existing vascular disease, obesity, the lateral decubitus position of the patient on the operating table, and the use of hypotensive anesthesia. We found several techniques that may minimize complications in the contralateral limb during operations on the hip.
Fibulin-4 regulates expression of the tropoelastin gene and consequent elastic-fibre formation by human fibroblasts (2009)

Elastic fibres are essential for normal physiology in numerous tissues, including arteries, lungs and skin. Fibulin-4 is an elastic-fibre-associated glycoprotein that is indispensable for elastic-fibre formation in mice. However, the mechanism by which fibulin-4 executes this function remains to be determined. Here, we established an in vitro functional assay system in which fibulin-4 was knocked down in human foreskin fibroblasts using siRNA (small interfering RNA) technology. With two different siRNAs, substantial knockdown of fibulin-4 was achieved, and this suppression was associated with impaired elastic-fibre formation by the fibroblasts. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that knockdown of fibulin-4 expression was accompanied by reduced expression of tropoelastin mRNA. Further analysis showed that this decrease was caused by transcriptional down-regulation of tropoelastin. This effect was selective, since the mRNA level of other elastic-fibre-associated proteins, including fibrillin-1, lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase-like-1, was not affected. Moreover, addition of conditioned medium from cultures of CHO (Chinese-hamster ovary) cells overexpressing fibulin-4 stimulated tropoelastin expression and elastic-fibre formation in cultures of Williams-Beuren-syndrome fibroblasts. Knocking down or knocking out fibulin-4 in mice led to a decrease in tropoelastin expression in the aorta. These results indicate that fibulin-4, considered as a structural protein, may also participate in regulating elastic-fibre formation in human cells through an unanticipated mechanism, namely the regulation of tropoelastin expression.
Industrial applications of low-temperature plasma physics (1995)

The application of plasma physics to the manufacturing and processing of materials may be the new frontier of our discipline. Already partially ionized discharges are used in industry, and the performance of plasmas has a large commercial and technological impact. However, the science of low-temperature plasmas is not as well developed as that of high-temperature, collisionless plasmas. In this paper several major areas of application are described and examples of forefront problems in each are given. The underlying thesis is that gas discharges have evolved beyond a black art, and that intellectually challenging problems with elegant solutions can be found.
Biotinylated Hyaluronic Acid: A New Tool for Probing Hyaluronate-Receptor Interactions (1994)

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc). Hyaluronate plays an important role in many biological processes as mediated by its interactions with a number of HA-binding proteins (the "hyaladherins") and with the cell surface HA-receptor, CD44. Studies of hyaluronate-hyaladherin interactions would be greatly facilitated by the availability of molecular probes derived from HA. We recently reported a convenient chemical modification of hyaluronate that introduces multiple pendant amine functionalities onto the HA carboxylate residues. We now report the preparation of biotinylated hyaluronic acid (molecular weight = 1.2 x 10(6) Da) as a probe for histochemical and immunochemical characterization of HA-binding proteins. Approximately one-third of the available HA glucuronate residues could be readily biotinylated in high molecular weight HA.
Levels of angiogenic factors in pregnancy and post‐partum bleeding (2008)

We have studied if serum levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placenta growth factor (PlGF) in pregnancy could predict excess post-partum bleeding. In 392 normotensive singleton pregnancies, concentrations of sFlt-1 and PlGF in the first, second, and third trimester were compared between women with and without excess post-partum bleeding, defined as blood loss volume of at least 500 mL. Mean concentrations of sFlt-1 were consistently higher in all three trimesters among women who had excess post-partum bleeding compared to women without this, but significantly higher only in the second trimester. For PlGF, there were no significant differences between the groups. High concentrations of the anti-angiogenic factor sFlt-1 in maternal circulation during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of excess post-partum bleeding.
Medical Consequences of Antibiotic Use in Agriculture (1998)

Besides hospitals animal husbandry represents a large reservoir of transferable antibiotic resistance genes. Via food products resistant bacteria can easily reach humans. The current debate is above all concerning antibiotic use as growth promoters which can be gradually phased out by better animal performance.
Effect of grazing flow on the acoustic impedance of Helmholtz resonators consisting of single and clustered orifices (1978)

A semiempirical fluid mechanical model is presented which predicts impedance of a Helmholtz resonator consisting of a single cavity-backed orifice as a function of grazing flow speed, boundary-layer thickness, incident sound amplitude and frequency, and resonator geometry. The incident and cavity sound fields are connected in terms of an orifice discharge coefficient. The effect of multiple orifices was studied experimentally. Interaction between orifices is important only for orifices aligned parallel to the grazing flow. Resistance was virtually independent of both orifice relative spacing and number. Reactance was found to be quite dependent upon orifice spacing but insensitive to the number of orifices.
Recombineering in Prokaryotes (2014)

This chapter describes the present state of recombineering in Escherichia coli and details the essential elements of the system. The success of this technology has encouraged its development for use in other organisms. The chapter discusses that goal and some obstacles that must be overcome in order to fully utilize recombineering in other prokaryotes. It emphasizes on the biochemistry of the proteins used for recombineering, the genetic manipulations possible, and the relative efficiencies of each. Several different types of genetic construction can be engineered by recombineering, and the desired genetic product dictates the type of DNA substrate used in the recombineering reaction. The following four types of substrates have been used successfully in laboratories: PCR products; short, partially dsDNA created by annealing ss-oligos; gapped linear plasmid DNA; and ssDNA oligonucleotides. Exo and Beta are needed to process the PCR product prior to its incorporation into the chromosome, and Gam is needed to prevent the degradation of the linear dsDNA by the RecBCD nuclease and possibly by the SbcCD nuclease. Recombineering in more distantly related bacteria will be facilitated by the identification and characterization of Red-like functions in phages from those organisms. Other requirements for the ready use of recombineering are those in common with other modes of genetic analysis, such as the development of systems permitting regulated gene expression and means of easily introducing DNA into the organism under study.
A Comparison of Aprotinin and Lysine Analogues in High-Risk Cardiac Surgery (2008)

Despite the possibility of a modest reduction in the risk of massive bleeding, the strong and consistent negative mortality trend associated with aprotinin, as compared with the lysine analogues, precludes its use in high-risk cardiac surgery. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN15166455 [controlled-trials.com].).
Endocannabinoids as emerging suppressors of angiogenesis and tumor invasion (Review) (2007)

The medicinal properties of extracts from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa have been known for centuries but only in the 90s membrane receptors for the Cannabis major principle were discovered in mammalian cells. Later on the endogenous ligands for the cannabinoid receptors were identified and the term 'endocannabinoid system' was coined to indicate the complex signaling system of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the enzymes responsible for their biosynthesis and inactivation. The 'endocannabinoid system' is involved in a broad range of functions and in a growing number of pathological conditions. There is increasing evidence that endocannabinoids are able to inhibit cancer cell growth in culture as well as in animal models. Most work has focused on the role of endocannabinoids in regulating tumor cell growth and apoptosis and ongoing research is addressed to further dissect the precise mechanisms of cannabinoid antitumor action. However, endocannabinoids are now emerging as suppressors of angiogenesis and tumor spreading since they have been reported to inhibit angiogenesis, cell migration and metastasis in different types of cancer, pointing to a potential role of the endocannabinoid system as a target for a therapeutic approach of such malignant diseases. The potential use of cannabinoids to retard tumor growth and spreading is even more appealing considering that they show a good safety profile, regarding toxicity, and are already used in cancer patients as palliatives to stimulate appetite and to prevent devastating effects such as nausea, vomiting and pain.